PMID- 6570038
TI  - One porter's day.

PMID- 6570039
TI  - No grounds for rejoicing.

PMID- 6570040
TI  - Clinical forum. 1. Postabortion counseling.

PMID- 6570043
TI  - Enigma or expert?

PMID- 6570042
TI  - Computers. 2. All systems go.

PMID- 6570045
TI  - Antenatal clinics. 9. Encouraging feedback.

PMID- 6570044
TI  - Monitoring. 2. A question of efficiency.

PMID- 6570046
TI  - The right decision?

PMID- 6570047
TI  - Nursing care study: a lump in the throat.

PMID- 6570048
TI  - Cleft palate. 'Why has he got a funny nose, Mum'?

PMID- 6570049
TI  - Venereology nursing.

PMID- 6570050
TI  - National health situation and the nurse.

PMID- 6570051
TI  - Caring for the carers. Working with government.

PMID- 6570053
TI  - The migration of Filipino nurses: a situational analysis.

PMID- 6570052
TI  - Power in a new key: the hidden resources of empowerment.

PMID- 6570054
TI  - The influence of talking on diastolic blood pressure readings.
AB  - Recent research disclosed a number of variables which may distort blood pressure
      readings, but little attention has been paid to talking as such a variable. To
      investigate the effect of talking on diastolic blood pressure, 48 subjects with
      one previous diastolic blood pressure reading of 90 mm Hg or more and not taking
      antihypertensives, were recruited from an outpatient hypertension clinic. Three
      diastolic blood pressure readings under each of three sequentially counter
      balanced treatment conditions were obtained: no talking, reading neutral material
      for part of the procedure, and reading neutral material continuously. Blood
      pressure increased significantly (p less than .01) under both talking conditions.
      Implications for nursing education, practice, and future research are discussed.

PMID- 6570055
TI  - "Why me?": an attributional analysis of a major illness.
AB  - The applicability of attribution theory in general, and Weiner's model in
      particular, to a medical setting was investigated. Patients undergoing thoracic
      surgery were interviewed before and after surgery to ascertain why they thought
      they had the disease and why they were recovering at an adequate or inadequate
      rate from the surgery. These data were analyzed to answer two primary questions.
      First, to what extent can Weiner's academically-based attribution model be
      applied to a medical setting? Secondly, do the attributions that patients make
      about the cause of their disease affect their ability to recover from it? The
      results indicated that Weiner's theory can be applied to this situation, although
      a modification in one major dimension of the theory (the Locus dimension) seems
      warranted. In addition, the causal attributions that patients made about their
      disease correlated with recovery, although the pattern of attributions for
      successful patients was complex and theoretically ambiguous. Suggestions for
      modifying Weiner's model to make the theory more applicable to a medical setting
      are presented.

PMID- 6570056
TI  - Concerns of acutely ill, chronically ill, and healthy preschool children.
AB  - The study was designed to determine if the concerns of 2- to 5-year-old children
      hospitalized for chronic illness differ from the concerns of other children.
      Interviews were conducted with 32 short-stay chronically ill, 10 long-stay
      chronically ill, 20 acutely ill, and 20 healthy children. Narrative recordings
      were analyzed using a categorical system of 10 developmental and hospital-related
      concerns. Differences between groups in mean proportion of concerns expressed
      were examined for each interview using analysis of variance techniques. The major
      concerns expressed by each group on all interviews were Autonomy and Exploration
      and, in the chronically ill children, Intrusion. Increased age was associated
      with increased expression of Intrusion in all groups except the long-stay chronic
      illness group.

PMID- 6570057
TI  - Empirical test of the interaction model of client health behavior.
AB  - The general concepts, variables, and relationships described by the Interaction
      Model of Client Health Behavior (IMCHB) were used to guide a secondary data
      analysis of 203 women's decisions to request an amniocentesis. Step-wise multiple
      regression explained 58% of the variance in these decisions by jointly examining
      the factors which define the client as unique in her responses to an at-risk
      pregnancy, as well as factors describing the client-provider interaction. The
      women could be correctly classified as users or nonusers of prenatal diagnosis
      with 87% accuracy in a discriminant analysis based on the variables derived from
      the conceptual model. Finally, structural equation modeling was used to estimate
      the causal paths described by the general model. While the relationships proposed
      in the model need further empirical evaluation, this first application serves to
      demonstrate the testability of the IMCHB and its potential to direct nursing
      inquiries.

PMID- 6570058
TI  - The male nursing student as a token.
AB  - The purpose of this research was to test the applicability of Kanter's theory of
      tokenism to male nursing students. Kanter's theory states that numerical
      underrepresentation, not cultural factors, causes tokens to experience greater
      performance pressure, social isolation, and role entrapment. Subjects were 322
      male and female nursing students from two similar midwestern nursing schools.
      Subjects completed instruments measuring social isolation, upward communication
      distortion, performance pressure, and communication apprehension. This research
      did not find support for Kanter's claims. Possible explanations for the findings
      include sex status differences and the nurturing character of the nursing
      profession.

PMID- 6570059
TI  - Occupational commitment and the quality of maternal infant interaction.
AB  - A positive and statistically significant relationship was found between a woman's
      degree of occupational commitment measured at 34 weeks gestation and the quality
      of interaction with her infant measured soon after delivery in a sample of 50
      married, white, college-educated women and their healthy term infants. This
      finding did not occur at 6-weeks postpartum, however. Specific characteristics
      which influenced the quality of the interaction between mother and infant
      included mothers' of the subjects work histories, infant gender, attendance at
      prenatal classes, intention of returning to work, and method of infant feeding.
      With respect to occupational commitment, influencing characteristics included
      income and subjects' mothers' work histories. The findings are discussed within
      the perspective of current literature.

PMID- 6570060
TI  - Personal characteristics and back injury among hospital nursing personnel.
AB  - Since back injury is the largest workman's compensation claim in most industries,
      the relationship between selected personal characteristics and back injury in
      hospital nursing personnel were studied. The sample included 64 female nursing
      personnel, half back injured and half not. Demographic: Workers were more likely
      to be back injured if they were older, worked longer on nursing units requiring
      frequent lifting, had family members with back problems, and had family members
      whose back problems began at an early age. Physical: The back injured had less
      muscle flexibility, less keen proprioception, and greater unequal leg length.
      Life style: Back injured were more vulnerable to frustration and stress overload
      (overstimulation), smoked more cigarettes, spent fewer hours exercising, and
      rated their physical condition lower. The variables with the greatest
      discriminatory power to predict back injury were a sense of overload, muscle
      flexibility, proprioception, family history of back problems, difference in leg
      length, years of risk in nursing practice, and smoking.

PMID- 6570061
TI  - Prediction of birthweight by the use of extrauterine measurements during labor.
AB  - Maternal height, pregravid weight, weight gain during pregnancy, fundal height,
      McDonald's measurement, uterine width, uterine height, abdominal girth, and
      station of the fetal head were measured in 44 laboring, nulliparous women and
      were used to construct a regression model for the prediction of infant
      birthweight during labor. A model constructed from maternal height, weight gain
      during pregnancy, fundal height, abdominal girth, and station accounted for 69.6%
      of the variance in birthweight. The use of this regression equation resulted in
      predictions that were within 100, 250, and 500 gm of the actual birthweights in
      34.1%, 79.5%, and 97.7% of the 44 cases, respectively. In all 44 cases, the
      weights of the infants also were estimated by palpation of the maternal abdomen
      during labor. These estimates were within 100, 250, and 500 gm of the actual
      birthweights in 31.8%, 61.4%, and 88.6% of the cases, respectively.

PMID- 6570062
TI  - Social support and social network scales: a psychometric review.
AB  - Social support and social network scales were reviewed from a psychometric
      perspective. A sample of 29 behavioral science studies were selected from social
      support and social network articles published between 1967 and 1982. Each study
      was classified according to psychometric issues of scaling, reliability, and
      validity. The review was motivated by the hypothesis that many social support and
      social network scales are developed without complete utilization of existing
      measurement technology. Results of this review confirm this hypothesis. Limited
      availability of basic psychometric data for such scales attenuates theory
      development and research efficiency. Researchers in this field are encouraged to
      increase the availability of basic psychometric information for social support
      and social network scales.

PMID- 6570064
TI  - [The open doors of the school at Alencon].

PMID- 6570063
TI  - [Children of the city, children of the fields].

PMID- 6570065
TI  - [A temporary home for the elderly].

PMID- 6570066
TI  - [Social rehabilitation in the Vale of Running Water].

PMID- 6570067
TI  - [From symptoms to community action. Interview by Nadine Wehrlin].

PMID- 6570068
TI  - [Nurses at the Atlantic dockyards].

PMID- 6570069
TI  - [A hard-to-shape bow].

PMID- 6570070
TI  - [Educating mothers' helpers in Mayenne].

PMID- 6570071
TI  - [In Sarthe, qualifying training for hospital allied health personnel].

PMID- 6570072
TI  - [Is there a nurse in the house?].

PMID- 6570073
TI  - [Congenital malformations of the excretory urinary tract].

PMID- 6570074
TI  - [Oral anti-diabetics].

PMID- 6570075
TI  - [Acute diarrhea in children].

PMID- 6570076
TI  - [Nurses and health education].

PMID- 6570077
TI  - [Computers and documentation].

PMID- 6570078
TI  - [The kallikrein-kinin system in dust-induced bronchitis].

PMID- 6570079
TI  - The psychosocial environment and the school nurses' role.

PMID- 6570080
TI  - A gift from Gheeus.

PMID- 6570081
TI  - C3 nephritic factor in a patient with recurrent Neisseria meningitidis
      infections.
AB  - A 15-year-old female experienced two systemic infections with N.meningitidis
      (group C and B) within a two months period. Classical as well as alternative
      pathway CH50 determinations on the patients serum showed no lysis. All individual
      complement factor concentrations, except for C3, were found to be within the
      reference area. Crossed immunoelectrophoretic analysis of C3 revealed no
      demonstrable native C3. The patient had normal levels of C3c and a markedly
      elevated C3d concentration. Serum from the patient was found to convert all
      native C3 in normal sera within 10 minutes at 37 degrees C. The active converting
      principle, present in the IgG fraction activated C3 in C4-depleted serum, and had
      a dose dependent stabilizing effect on the EA-C3bBb complex. The isolated factor
      showing the characteristics of C3 nephritic factor (C3 NeF), was unchanged in the
      patients serum over a ten months observation period. Circulating immune complexes
      (IC) could not be demonstrated by a C1q-dependent assay but the patients capacity
      to solubilize preformed IC in vitro was virtually abolished. The patient had no
      signs of renal disease or lipodystrophy.

PMID- 6570082
TI  - The renal kallikrein-kinin system in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
AB  - In male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) of the stroke prone strain
      (Okamoto) and in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) urinary kallikrein
      excretion was investigated at different age and at drug-induced diuresis. In rats
      of both strains from 7th till 19th week of age urinary kallikrein excretion
      increased with age. In SHRSP of 7th till 11th week of age kallikrein excretion
      was higher than in WKY rats, while it was lower in the 48-week-old SHRSP. No
      correlation was found between urinary kallikrein excretion and systolic blood
      pressure. In SHRSP and WKY rats a similar daily rhythm of kallikrein excretion in
      urine was found being high in the early morning and low in the afternoon.
      Kallikrein excretion correlated significantly with urine volume. The loop
      diuretic bumetanide (4 and 40 mg/kg) induced diuresis and natriuresis in both
      strains, however more marked in the WKY rats than in the SHRSP. Urinary
      kallikrein excretion, however, showed in both strains the same biphasic course
      with a short lasting increase and a secondary decrease. Thus, in the average
      urinary kallikrein excretion was not effected by the drug. Prolonged treatment
      with furosemide over 5 days (125 mg/kg) resulted in an increase in kallikrein
      excretion in urine, more pronounced in the WKY rats than in the SHRSP. The
      observed results suggest that renal kallikrein-kinin system is not involved in
      the development of spontaneous hypertension as a pathogenetic factor, but rather
      is influenced by other factors like hormone interactions, i.e. mineralocorticoids
      and catecholamines, as well as renal function and acute changes in urine flow.

PMID- 6570083
TI  - Lack of reproducibility of macrodilution MBCs for Staphylococcus aureus.
AB  - MBCs of methicillin, oxacillin, penicillin G, cephalothin, vancomycin, and
      gentamicin were determined by a standard broth macrodilution technique for 101
      clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. Increased
      killing (more than 99.9%) was observed after 48 versus 24 h of incubation for
      many strains, and cross tolerance to antimicrobial bactericidal activity (less
      than 99.9% killing) was frequently observed among antimicrobial agents. However,
      these in vitro measurements of bactericidal activity against S. aureus were not
      reproducible.

PMID- 6570084
TI  - Responses of tolerant and nontolerant Staphylococcus aureus strains to
      methicillin treatment in an experimental infection in mice.
AB  - Staphylococcus aureus strains can be divided into tolerant and nontolerant
      strains on the basis of their survival in vitro in the presence of high
      concentrations of methicillin (greater than or equal to 64 micrograms/ml). A
      strain is defined as tolerant if more than 2% of the inoculum survives under
      these conditions. The response of five susceptible and five tolerant S. aureus
      strains to treatment with methicillin was studied in an experimental thigh
      infection in mice. Animals were treated with one and two injections of
      methicillin (2.5 mg per mouse). At the end of treatment, the number of CFUs in
      the thigh muscles infected with the susceptible strains was found to be
      significantly lower than that in the thigh muscles infected with the tolerant

PMID- 6570085
TI  - Susceptibility of multiply antibiotic-resistant pneumococci to the new quinoline
      antibiotics, nalidixic acid, coumermycin, and novobiocin.
AB  - The susceptibility of 10 multiply antibiotic-resistant strains of Streptococcus
      pneumoniae to several quinoline antibiotics and to coumermycin, novobiocin, and
      penicillin was determined. The MIC of penicillin for all test isolates was
      greater than or equal to 4 micrograms/ml. Ciprofloxacin was the most active
      quinoline derivative tested, followed by norfloxacin. These isolates of S.
      pneumoniae were not inhibited by the remaining quinolines at achievable
      concentrations in serum. Coumermycin and ciprofloxacin were the most active
      antibiotics tested in this study.

PMID- 6570086
TI  - Inhibition of human neutrophil elastase activity by encapsulated serum
      (Serumsome) therapy.
AB  - In order to inhibit human leukocyte proteolytic activity as a means of arresting
      the inflammatory response in tissues in vivo, we have designed a novel
      antiprotease carrier named serumsomes. Stabilized human serum was added to a
      flask containing a film of dried, purified lipids (phosphatidylcholine/dicetyl
      phosphate/cholesterol, 70:20:10) and hand-shaken for 10 min. Equal volumes of
      human neutrophils, and either serumsomes (in stabilized human serum) or
      stabilized human serum alone were mixed together. Following 2 h of incubation at
      37 degrees C, the total elastase content of the neutrophils was reduced to 60 +/-
      15% and 83 +/- 7% of the original activity by serumsomes and stabilized human
      serum, respectively. Analysis of beta-glucuronidase activity, a nonproteolytic
      lysosomal marker enzyme, revealed no diminution of activity during either of
      these incubations. These experiments demonstrate that human neutrophils are
      capable of interacting with serumsomes in vitro, selectively inhibiting the
      lysosomal protease elastase. By administering serumsomes in vivo, one may
      potentially preload blood leukocytes with serum antiproteases prior to their
      migration to inflammatory sites and thus possibly reduce the extent of tissue
      injury.

PMID- 6570087
TI  - Dynamics of changes in the blood coagulation system, fibrynolysis and
      kallikreinogenesis in endotoxin shock in rabbits.
AB  - In rabbits intravenous injection of subtoxic doses of E. coli endotoxin serotype
      02:K1 (10 micrograms/kg), resulted in the activation of intrinsic and extrinsic
      pathways of blood coagulation and, in some animals, simultaneous fall of the
      fibrinolytic activity which was manifested by hypercoagulability and
      intravascular coagulation already at the initial stage of the endotoxin shock.
      Among the earliest changes which appeared 30 min after endotoxin injection, was a
      decrease of blood platelets count and concentration of factor X in plasma. Out of
      the blood coagulation tests performed, most sensitive appeared the
      paracoagulation tests (particularly ethanol test). The second dose of endotoxin
      (20 micrograms/kg) injected 4 h later intensified the observed changes and
      autopsy of animals performed after further 4 h revealed extravasations of blood
      and hemorrhagic changes in the lungs, liver and occasionally in the kidneys. In
      spite of the above alterations, AT-III activity in the animals plasma decreased
      by ca. 30% as compared to the initial value.

PMID- 6570088
TI  - Serum and urinary arginine-esterase activity in paediatric kidney diseases.
AB  - Serum and urinary kallikrein activities were determined from the arginine
      esterase activities in various groups of kidney diseases and were compared with
      urinary beta-glucuronidase excretion, urinary output, urinary protein content and
      creatinine clearance. Serum arginine-esterase activity was significantly
      augmented in the active stage of diffuse renal diseases but was not related to
      the severity of parenchymal damage. The values improved during remission; the
      enzyme activity in chronic uraemic patient was as low as in the control sera.
      There was a positive correlation between urinary output and serum arginine
      esterase activity, and consequently serum kallikrein might have an enhancing
      effect on diuresis.

PMID- 6570089
TI  - Porcine pancreatic prokallikrein. III. Some different forms of kallikrein
      generated from prokallikrein.

PMID- 6570091
TI  - Critical health problems in school-aged youth.

PMID- 6570090
TI  - Activity of some lysosomal enzyme in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis.
AB  - In order to study the function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in patients
      suffering from psoriatic and rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis vulgaris the
      release of beta-glucuronidase, elastase and cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase was
      investigated. The life of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rheumatoid and
      psoriatic arthritis is shorter. Polymorphonuclears from patients with psoriasis
      and psoriatic arthritis release, with as well as without phagocytic stimulation
      by zymosan, more lysosomal enzymes into extracellular space then cells of healthy
      controls. The total content of LDH and of lysosomal enzymes in leukocytes of
      patients suffering from all three forms of disease were not altered in comparison
      with the amount in PMNL of healthy subjects.

PMID- 6570092
TI  - Urinary kallikrein and prostaglandin response to frusemide in mild hypertension.

PMID- 6570093
TI  - Renal, endocrine and hemodynamic effects of water immersion in man.

PMID- 6570094
TI  - Prostaglandins and kallikrein during volume expansion in normal man.

PMID- 6570095
TI  - [Cleanliness in the surgical center].

PMID- 6570096
TI  - [Acupuncture and do-in ou tui-na: 2 treasures from the East. III].

PMID- 6570098
TI  - [Samaritano Hospital].

PMID- 6570097
TI  - [Study of the level of contamination of the ambient air with ethylene oxide. I].

PMID- 6570099
TI  - [Basic assumptions of legislation concerning labor hygiene and protection].

PMID- 6570100
TI  - [Industrial hygiene in field feed production].

PMID- 6570101
TI  - [Prevention of poisoning with pesticides in agriculture].

PMID- 6570102
TI  - [The mitral valve prolapse syndrome].

PMID- 6570103
TI  - [Enuresis].

PMID- 6570104
TI  - [Ethical categories in the work of medical people].

PMID- 6570105
TI  - [Clinical picture and treatment of bursitis].

PMID- 6570106
TI  - [Health education and annual dispensary examinations of the population].

PMID- 6570107
TI  - [Treatment of urinary incontinence].

PMID- 6570108
TI  - [Emergency therapy of poisonings in children].

PMID- 6570109
TI  - [Use of chloroethyl in treating diffuse neurodermatitis].

PMID- 6570110
TI  - [Pregnancy in the 6th-7th weeks and antenatal fetal death in the anamnesis].

PMID- 6570111
TI  - [Pericarditis. Alcoholic liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 6570112
TI  - [Urogenital candidiasis in women].

PMID- 6570113
TI  - [Abrogation of a labor contract at the initiative of the administration].

PMID- 6570114
TI  - [Cesarean section and risk of infection].
AB  - The risk of infection associated with Caesarean section is several times greater
      than normal parturition. The only way to effectively combat nosocomial infections
      is to ensure harmonious and well-balanced interplay between general antimicrobial
      measures at all levels (i.e., hospital hygiene), even though the rate of
      Caesarean sections has been on the increase, while avoiding at the same time the
      general use of antibiotics. The article presents a suitable overall concept to
      prevent infection. This has been successful in reducing the rate of both
      antibiotics consumption and of infectious complications at our hospital during
      the past 15 years.

PMID- 6570115
TI  - [Effect of intra-amnial thyroxine administration in the fetus].
AB  - Stimulation of the surfactant production in foetal lung cells by thyroxine has
      been shown in experiments on animals. In humans, too, thyroxine instilled intra
      amnially should increase lung maturity. Therefore, amniotic fluid samples were
      taken from 22 women before the 35th week of gestation before instilling 500
      micrograms levothyroxine and then during labour, and blood samples were taken
      half an hour and also 24 hours after instillation of thyroxine into the amniotic
      fluid and during labour. The concentration of thyroxine, triiodinethyronine and
      reversed triiodinethyronine were measured radioimmunologically in the amniotic
      fluid samples and blood samples, and the lecithin concentration was also
      determined enzymatically in the amniotic fluid samples. The occurrence of cases
      of membrane syndrome in the examined group, and the foetal heart rate were
      subsequently determined after thyroxine had been administered. The results showed
      that the foetus resorbed the thyroxine administered intra-amnially and--in a
      manner typical of foetal metabolism--converted it by preference to rT3. The
      thyroxine dosage leads to only a temporary increase in foetal thyroid gland
      hormones. The thyroxine given intra-amnially is not absorbed in considerable
      amounts by the mother. The lecithin content of the amniotic fluid was
      significantly increased after a dose of thyroxine, possibly a reversible
      increase. The membrane syndrome rate laid below the expected number; in 5 of the
      22 cases a foetal tachycardia was observed about 2 days after thyroxine
      administration.

PMID- 6570116
TI  - [Short-term prevention with cefoxitin in cesarean section].
AB  - In a preliminary prospective study, the febrile morbidity of 60 patients after
      Caesarean section was determined to investigate the prophylactic effect of a
      single-dose cefoxitin-application (2 g) intravenously at the time of induction of
      anaesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned to either the cefoxitin group or a
      control group without the antibiotic. Each group consisted of 30 patients.
      Although the numbers of patients were small, a statistically significant
      reduction (p less than 0.05) of febrile days was found for the cefoxitin group.
      As compared to previous studies with a three-dose regimen of cefoxitin, the per
      cent reduction rate of febrile morbidity was similar. In cases with certain risk
      profiles, such as premature rupture of the membranes or prolonged delivery, a
      single-dose appears to suffice and is therefore indicated.

PMID- 6570117
TI  - [Comparison of a 2-phase preparation (Oviol 22) with a low-dose 1-phase
      preparation (Ovoresta M)].
AB  - Oviol 22 was administered to 145, and Ovoresta M to 118 healthy female
      volunteers. During the first six cycles, 27 (18.6%) women discontinued the Oviol
      22 intake, and 45 (38,1%) women discontinued the Ovoresta M intake. The other
      women were observed over 6 cycles. Together, 1,369 cycles were evaluated.
      Overall, the clinical results with Oviol 22 were more favourable than those with
      Ovoresta M. The discontinuation rate because of nausea, headache, acne and breast
      tenderness was lower in the group of women who received Oviol 22 than in the
      group of women receiving Ovoresta M. Cycle control was much better with Oviol 22
      than with Ovoresta M. Following the administration of both preparations, no
      significant alteration in blood pressure, weight or mental status was seen. None
      of the patients became pregnant during the period of observation.

PMID- 6570118
TI  - [Results of diagnostic hysteroscopies in an in vitro fertilization/embryo
      transfer program].
AB  - Twentysix sterile women were examined during the development and growth phase of
      the follicle, using a microhysteroscope manufactured by Karl Storz, under local
      anaesthesia. All these patients had been included in the in-vitro
      fertilisation/embryo transfer (IVF/ET) programme because their oviducts were
      either missing or had been irreparably damaged. Pathological findings were
      present in 7 patients. Cervical conditions were normal in 22 patients, and
      intrauterine conditions were without any abnormal findings in 23 patients. The
      clinical relevance of the findings with regard to embryo transfer and
      implantation are discussed. It is concluded that hysteroscopy not only occupies
      an important rank in the general diagnosis of sterility, but is also of
      considerable importance in preparatory work for embryo transfer.

PMID- 6570119
TI  - [Spontaneous liver rupture in pregnancy].
AB  - The author reports on a rare case of spontaneous rupture of the liver during
      pregnancy - a rare but life-threatening event. In this particular case, the cause
      of the incident was probably the occurrence of a late gestosis. Early
      identification and, consequently, suitable surgery will usually prove life
      saving.

PMID- 6570120
TI  - [Improved Bamberg divergence forceps. Modification for the prevention of soft
      tissue injuries of the pelvis].
AB  - Constant and limited (max. 300 g) force of application by the Bamberg divergent
      forceps helps to prevent compression injuries and slippage of the forceps with
      resultant trauma. No serious foetal lesions have been observed over a period of 9
      years. Maternal soft-tissue injuries were somewhat above the range of vacuum
      extractions. This prompted us to consider modifying the Bamberg forceps with a
      view towards preventing such maternal injuries.

PMID- 6570121
TI  - [Surgical perspectives--historical and current aspects].

PMID- 6570122
TI  - [Medical clinical responsibility in control studies in pregnancy and curettage of
      the uterus long after fetal death].

PMID- 6570124
TI  - [Control of disease vectors].

PMID- 6570123
TI  - [Natural family planning (NFP)].

PMID- 6570125
TI  - [The Center for Aid to the Dying, pilot experience].

PMID- 6570126
TI  - [Pain relieve in other cultures].

PMID- 6570127
TI  - [Study trip report].

PMID- 6570128
TI  - [Episiotomy and perineal rupture--a study of the course of healing].

PMID- 6570129
TI  - [Report on a study trip to West Germany].

PMID- 6570130
TI  - [Early return home following childbirth].

PMID- 6570131
TI  - Bishop Harvey's address to the Annual General Meeting.

PMID- 6570132
TI  - Microwave hyperthermia controlled by microwave radiometry: technical aspects and
      first clinical results.
AB  - Microwave systems combining microwave heating generators (434, 915 or 2450 MHz)
      with microwave radiometers (1-2 GHz or 2-4 GHz) have been used for two years in
      hyperthermia therapy. Technical aspects (generator, radiometer, applicator),
      experiments and first clinical results are detailed.

PMID- 6570133
TI  - Design and optimization of multi-stepped waveguide applicators for medical
      applications.
AB  - Modal analysis and scattering matrix concepts at discontinuities have been
      applied to the design and optimization of open-ended waveguide applicators with
      several transverse discontinuities. The tissues are simulated by means of two
      dielectric layers, skin and fat. The results obtained show how important
      improvements can be obtained in the match between the applicator and the tissues.
      This method can also be applied to obtain applicators with increased depth of
      penetration, by controlling the discontinuities of the applicators.

PMID- 6570134
TI  - [Importance of the presence of a loved one during childbirth of the first baby].

PMID- 6570136
TI  - [Violence against children and adolescents].

PMID- 6570135
TI  - [Development of maternity care on the basis of a continuation course on
      preparation for parenthood].

PMID- 6570137
TI  - [Work and pregnancy].

PMID- 6570138
TI  - [Do we have problems with our childbirth preparation courses?].

PMID- 6570139
TI  - [Causes and treatment of postnatal depression according to Katharina Dalton].

PMID- 6570140
TI  - [Meeting of the European Breastfeeding Organization].

PMID- 6570141
TI  - [Studying natural childbirth at Viittakivi].

PMID- 6570142
TI  - [Reform program of education for the health professions].

PMID- 6570143
TI  - [Legal protection of midwifery].

PMID- 6570144
TI  - [Raising children with the heart--a parents' school in every health center].

PMID- 6570145
TI  - An introduction to the study of acupuncture and moxibustion in China. Part II.
      Studies on acumoxibustion therapy.

PMID- 6570146
TI  - Paralytic squint treated with acupuncture.

PMID- 6570147
TI  - Ejaculatio deficiens treated with acupuncture. Report of 110 cases.

PMID- 6570148
TI  - Clinical observation on acupuncture treatment of 106 cases of trunk-sciatica.

PMID- 6570149
TI  - A study of acupuncture anesthesia in surgery on the anterior cranial fossa.

PMID- 6570150
TI  - Study on cervical visual disturbance and its manipulative treatment.

PMID- 6570151
TI  - Lateral rotary manipulative maneuver in the treatment of subluxation and synovial
      entrapment of lumbar facet joints.

PMID- 6570152
TI  - Status epilepticus treated by alpha-asarone. Report of 18 cases.

PMID- 6570153
TI  - Inhibitory effect of asarum oil on the central nervous system.

PMID- 6570154
TI  - Effects of radix Angelicae sinensis on hemorrheology in patients with acute
      ischemic stroke.

PMID- 6570155
TI  - Antagonistic effect of radix Puerariae on the ototoxicity of sodium ethocrynate.
      An experimental study.

PMID- 6570156
TI  - Treatment of bile reflux gastritis with traditional Chinese medicine. An analysis
      of 21 cases.

PMID- 6570157
TI  - Effects of Tripterygium wilfordii on the menstruation of 50 patients suffering
      from rheumatoid arthritis--with a summary of its therapeutic effects in 12 cases
      of menorrhagia.

PMID- 6570158
TI  - Casual remarks on the five shu points.

PMID- 6570159
TI  - [Significance of case study in management education].

PMID- 6570160
TI  - [Case conference about troubles in hospitals].

PMID- 6570161
TI  - [Comparative study of language and behavior of the schizophrenic patients in
      closed and open wards].

PMID- 6570162
TI  - [The importance of "empathic viewpoint" for health care studies in the era of new
      science].

PMID- 6570163
TI  - [Dialogue of a biologist and a cultural anthropologist].

PMID- 6570164
TI  - [Introduction of theories into nursing administration].

PMID- 6570165
TI  - [Progressive learning of nursing of DM patients].

PMID- 6570166
TI  - [Methods of training students in the affective domain].

PMID- 6570167
TI  - Mental hospital regulation and the safe environment: liability for sexual
      assault.

PMID- 6570168
TI  - Malpractice in hospitals: ten theories for direct liability.

PMID- 6570169
TI  - Nursing negligence in collaborative practice: legal liability in california.

PMID- 6570170
TI  - [Prenatal (prepartal) diagnosis of the sex of the fetus].

PMID- 6570171
TI  - [Keeping mother and child together after birth].

PMID- 6570172
TI  - [Organization of a pediatric service in an obstetrics hospital].

PMID- 6570173
TI  - [Peritonitis after cesarean section].

PMID- 6570175
TI  - [Hygiene of the adolescent girl].

PMID- 6570174
TI  - [Central forms of amenorrhea in adolescents].

PMID- 6570176
TI  - [Role of the nurse in preventing gynecologic diseases in girls].

PMID- 6570177
TI  - [Prophylactic work with the healthy child--the basis of health protection for the
      coming generation].

PMID- 6570178
TI  - [Rehabilitation in gynecological practice].

PMID- 6570179
TI  - [Endocrine infertility in women].

PMID- 6570180
TI  - [Medical gymnastics for patients with inflammatory diseases of the female
      genitalia].

PMID- 6570181
TI  - [Physiotherapy in uterine myoma].

PMID- 6570182
TI  - [X-ray study methods in the gynecological clinic].

PMID- 6570183
TI  - [Observation of the healthy child from 1 month to 1 year].

PMID- 6570184
TI  - [Prevention of rickets in children].

PMID- 6570185
TI  - [Breast diseases].

PMID- 6570186
TI  - [Work organization of a specialized mammography office].

PMID- 6570187
TI  - [Ethics and deontology of the district nurse].

PMID- 6570188
TI  - [Antenatal care of the fetus].

PMID- 6570189
TI  - Sequence-specific binding of simian virus 40 A protein to nonorigin and cellular
      DNA.
AB  - The simian virus 40 A protein (T antigen) recognized and bound to the consensus
      sequence 5'-GAGGC-3' in DNA from many sources. Sequence-specific binding to
      single pentanucleotides in randomly chosen DNA predominated over binding to
      nonspecific sequences. The asymmetric orientation of protein bound to nonorigin
      recognition sequences also resembled that of protein bound to the origin region
      of simian virus 40 DNA. Sequence variations in the DNA adjacent to single
      pentanucleotides influenced binding affinities even though methylation
      interference and protection studies did not reveal specific interactions outside
      of pentanucleotides. Thus, potential locations of A protein bound to any DNA can
      be predicted although the determinants of binding affinity are not yet
      understood. Sequence-specific binding of A protein to cellular DNA would provide
      a mechanism for specific alterations of host gene expression that facilitate
      viral function.

PMID- 6570191
TI  - Is it lonely at the top?

PMID- 6570190
TI  - Transcription factor binding is limited by the 5'-flanking regions of a
      Drosophila tRNAHis gene and a tRNAHis pseudogene.
AB  - We determined the sequence of a Drosophila tRNA gene cluster containing a tRNAHis
      gene and a tRNAHis pseudogene in close proximity on the same DNA strand. The
      pseudogene contains eight consecutive base pairs different from the region of the
      bona fide gene which codes for the 3' portion of the anticodon stem of tRNAHis.
      The tRNAHis gene is transcribed efficiently in Drosophila Kc cell extract,
      whereas the pseudogene is not. The pseudogene is also a much poorer competitor
      than the real gene in a stable transcription complex formation assay, even though
      the sequence alteration in the pseudogene does not affect the sequence or spacing
      of the putative internal transcription control regions. Recombinant clones were
      constructed in which the 5'-flanking regions are exchanged. The transcription
      efficiencies and competitive abilities of the recombinant clones resemble those
      of the genes from which the 5' flank was derived; for example, the tRNAHis
      pseudogene with the 5'-flanking sequence of the tRNAHis gene is now efficiently
      transcribed. Deletion analysis of the pseudogene 5' flank failed to uncover an
      inhibitory element. Deletion analysis of the real gene showed very high
      dependence on the presence of the wild-type 5'-flanking sequence for factor
      binding to the internal control regions and stable complex formation. The 5'
      flanking sequence of a Drosophila tRNAArg gene active in the Drosophila Kc cell
      extract does not restore transcriptional activity or stable complex formation.
      The tRNAHis gene and pseudogene behave atypically in HeLa cell extract. Both
      genes compete for HeLa transcription factors, but neither of them is efficiently
      transcribed. Removal of the 5'-flanking sequences of each gene and replacement
      with various sequences, including the tRNAArg gene 5' flank, does not allow
      increased transcription in HeLa cell extract.

PMID- 6570192
TI  - Management stress and burnout.

PMID- 6570193
TI  - On the scene: Long Beach Community Hospital.

PMID- 6570195
TI  - Loss and grief behaviors: application to nursing managerial practice.

PMID- 6570194
TI  - Nursing leadership: a buffering perspective.

PMID- 6570196
TI  - Burnout in nursing administration.

PMID- 6570197
TI  - Orientations by John Paul II in the health field.

PMID- 6570198
TI  - [5th Regional CENCAMEX 84 Congress. Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, February 13-17
      1984. Closing address of the Congress. "The nurse as promotor of health and
      family"].

PMID- 6570199
TI  - European seminar CICIAMS. Workshops.

PMID- 6570200
TI  - Case history. A whiff of the gases?

PMID- 6570201
TI  - The effects of chemicals on health--2.

PMID- 6570202
TI  - [Automatic data processing].

PMID- 6570203
TI  - [Service planning schedule].

PMID- 6570204
TI  - [Trends in continued and further education].

PMID- 6570205
TI  - [Planned care].

PMID- 6570206
TI  - [Children's health--our wealth. World Health Day 1984. Mothers first].

PMID- 6570207
TI  - [The functional field of the ward nurse].

PMID- 6570209
TI  - [Nursing process in education and practice].

PMID- 6570208
TI  - [The needs of patients with different religions in our hospitals!].

PMID- 6570210
TI  - [Women as managers. Female administrators in Austria 1980-1983].

PMID- 6570211
TI  - [Management and colleagues conferences].

PMID- 6570212
TI  - [A good nurse--how should she behave?].

PMID- 6570213
TI  - [The sick child--a milieu psychological theory and a cognitive intervention
      program to reduce mental disorders and behavior disorders].

PMID- 6570214
TI  - [The pediatric nurse--from the viewpoint of a psychologist].

PMID- 6570215
TI  - [Children's health--our wealth. Yesterday--today--tomorrow].

PMID- 6570216
TI  - [Give them a second chance].

PMID- 6570218
TI  - [A fitness program for children--recommended by the Study Group for Public
      Health].

PMID- 6570217
TI  - [Relationship of parents with the sick newborn infant].

PMID- 6570219
TI  - Nurse retention: a Louisiana story.

PMID- 6570220
TI  - The impaired nurse. A focus on chemical dependency.

PMID- 6570222
TI  - Costing out nursing service: issues and implications.

PMID- 6570221
TI  - Emergency nursing care and EMT's.

PMID- 6570223
TI  - Need for guidance and counselling for students in schools of nursing.

PMID- 6570225
TI  - Things to remember while you move out of school!

PMID- 6570224
TI  - The nurse as a student.

PMID- 6570226
TI  - Hyderabad College at 25. A commendable educational experience.

PMID- 6570227
TI  - Quality nursing care.

PMID- 6570228
TI  - Psychotherapy for patients with hysterical neurosis; conversion type.

PMID- 6570229
TI  - Problems associated with breast-milk substitutes.

PMID- 6570230
TI  - [Nutrition in the autumn].

PMID- 6570231
TI  - [Adaptation].

PMID- 6570232
TI  - [Personality of the teacher].

PMID- 6570233
TI  - [Vital problems of patients].

PMID- 6570234
TI  - [Amyloidosis].

PMID- 6570235
TI  - [Nursing of the resuscitated patient].

PMID- 6570236
TI  - [Pathomorphology of malignant neoplasms].

PMID- 6570237
TI  - [Hospitalization as a stress situation].

PMID- 6570238
TI  - [The concept of adaptation].

PMID- 6570239
TI  - [On the border of Poland. Interview by Zenon Wadecki].

PMID- 6570240
TI  - [Division of Nurses and Midwives].

PMID- 6570241
TI  - [Ognisko].

PMID- 6570242
TI  - [Prolonged pregnancy].

PMID- 6570244
TI  - [Child and adolescent nutrition].

PMID- 6570243
TI  - [Managerial nursing personnel in light of the legal regulations].

PMID- 6570245
TI  - [Professional start].

PMID- 6570246
TI  - [Logbook of practices for the apprentice].

PMID- 6570247
TI  - [The image of one's own body].

PMID- 6570248
TI  - [The secondary medical educational system].

PMID- 6570249
TI  - [The charge nurse].

PMID- 6570251
TI  - [Pioneering years].

PMID- 6570250
TI  - [Epidemiology of the most frequent malignant neoplasms in women].

PMID- 6570252
TI  - [Fascination. Interview by Hanna Jaskiewicz].

PMID- 6570253
TI  - [The potential for an impact is growing. Interview by Iwona Krysiak].

PMID- 6570255
TI  - [How it will be in '84-'85].

PMID- 6570254
TI  - [The chief nurse].

PMID- 6570256
TI  - [Anemia in pregnant women. Its prevention and treatment].

PMID- 6570257
TI  - [Determinants of human sexuality].

PMID- 6570258
TI  - [Evaluation of charge nurses].

PMID- 6570259
TI  - [Death].

PMID- 6570260
TI  - [Underutilization of the prepared nursing professional].

PMID- 6570261
TI  - [Humanism in nursing care. Problems of transmissible diseases].

PMID- 6570262
TI  - [The nurse and the dying patient].

PMID- 6570263
TI  - [Maintenance of oxygenation of the premature newborn infant].

PMID- 6570264
TI  - [A new approach to the teaching of medical nursing: perception of the student].

PMID- 6570265
TI  - [Antepartum hair removal: validation or not of its realization].

PMID- 6570267
TI  - [Longevity: reward or punishment?].

PMID- 6570266
TI  - [Childbirth in the squatting position].

PMID- 6570268
TI  - [Political and ideological aspects in the demands and supply of health care].

PMID- 6570269
TI  - [An exploratory study of nursing care in mental health for adolescents].

PMID- 6570270
TI  - [Empathy--a phenomenologic approach].

PMID- 6570271
TI  - [Concept of nursing--an attempt at a phenomenologic approach].

PMID- 6570272
TI  - [Care of the woman in labor with a continuous infusion of oxytocin].

PMID- 6570273
TI  - [Nursing care to the woman in the pregnancy-puerperium period--psychosocial
      aspects].

PMID- 6570274
TI  - [External use of a specialized library].

PMID- 6570275
TI  - [The process of decision making in a university hospital--a preliminary study].

PMID- 6570276
TI  - [Scientific production of nurses in the meeting of the Brazilian Society for the
      Development in Science].

PMID- 6570278
TI  - [The rectum. Introduction to surgery for cancer of the rectum].

PMID- 6570277
TI  - [Emotional involvement in the nurse-patient relationship].

PMID- 6570279
TI  - [The urinary tract: generalities, introduction to intravenous urography].

PMID- 6570280
TI  - [Physiopathologic elements of burns].

PMID- 6570281
TI  - [Burns. First aid. Preparation for critical care].

PMID- 6570282
TI  - [Burns. Local treatment].

PMID- 6570283
TI  - [Burns: generalities, prognosis, etiology].

PMID- 6570284
TI  - [A face and a body made to measure].

PMID- 6570285
TI  - [The psychology in the formation and maintenance of performance in pediatric
      nursing].

PMID- 6570286
TI  - [Respiratory monitoring of thymectomized myasthenic patients].

PMID- 6570287
TI  - [Student section--analysis of the contents of a national periodical].

PMID- 6570288
TI  - [Nursing students' experience of teaching and learning with adolescents].

PMID- 6570289
TI  - [Nature of the conditions of nursing activities].

PMID- 6570290
TI  - [Amplification of nursing functions].

PMID- 6570291
TI  - [Neurological regulation--nursing care].

PMID- 6570292
TI  - [Therapeutic diets].

PMID- 6570293
TI  - [Recognition and prevention of gout].

PMID- 6570294
TI  - [Pericarditis].

PMID- 6570295
TI  - [Postoperative care and complications of radical mastectomy].

PMID- 6570296
TI  - [Nursing care in the Provincial Hospital of Madrid. Perspectives in evaluation].

PMID- 6570297
TI  - [Importance of ethics in nursing].

PMID- 6570298
TI  - [Social implications at the time of applying an ecological concept of health].

PMID- 6570299
TI  - [Occupational risks. Hygiene and safety measures in work].

PMID- 6570300
TI  - [Bottle feeding for the elderly demented?].

PMID- 6570301
TI  - [From Soba University Hospital in Sudan].

PMID- 6570302
TI  - [Research on a care program for a neonatal department].

PMID- 6570303
TI  - [Care of tetraplegic patients].

PMID- 6570304
TI  - [The importance of day care for relatives of elderly long-term patients].

PMID- 6570305
TI  - [Empty aggregates carefully into infusions!].

PMID- 6570306
TI  - [Health program in Sweden for the year 2000].

PMID- 6570307
TI  - [Health and nursing services in the 90s (HS-90)].

PMID- 6570308
TI  - [Practical work study].

PMID- 6570309
TI  - [Calcitonin].

PMID- 6570310
TI  - [Tetanus].

PMID- 6570311
TI  - [Osteoporosis].

PMID- 6570312
TI  - [Osteomalacia].

PMID- 6570313
TI  - [Hyperparathyroidism].

PMID- 6570314
TI  - [Paget's disease of the bone].

PMID- 6570315
TI  - [Physiology of bone tissue and pharmacologic applications].

PMID- 6570316
TI  - [Tumoral pathology of the skeleton. Bone metastases and Kahler's disease].

PMID- 6570317
TI  - [Hypercalcemia and its treatment].

PMID- 6570318
TI  - [Nursing care in bone pathology].

PMID- 6570319
TI  - [Study of the metabolism of phosphocalcium and of bone tissue].

PMID- 6570320
TI  - [Phenobarbital].

PMID- 6570322
TI  - [Role of the psychiatrist in a non-psychiatric department].

PMID- 6570321
TI  - [2 case reports of hysteria].

PMID- 6570323
TI  - [Request by others].

PMID- 6570324
TI  - [Suicide and attempted suicide. From theory to practice].

PMID- 6570325
TI  - [The psychiatric department at Cochin hospital].

PMID- 6570326
TI  - [Approach to suicidal crises in the framework of emergencies].

PMID- 6570327
TI  - [Psychiatric emergencies. A night on duty in a general hospital in Paris].

PMID- 6570328
TI  - [Round table. Depression].

PMID- 6570329
TI  - [Social work in emergency psychiatry].

PMID- 6570330
TI  - [Specificity of consultation and hospitalization in the general hospital].

PMID- 6570331
TI  - [Avlocardyl].

PMID- 6570332
TI  - [Coronarography].

PMID- 6570333
TI  - [Endocavitary electrophysiology].

PMID- 6570334
TI  - [Cardiac catheterization].

PMID- 6570335
TI  - [Angiography].

PMID- 6570336
TI  - [Invasive procedures in cardiology. Materials, catheterization, incidents and
      accidents, role of the nurse].

PMID- 6570337
TI  - [Junctional tachycardia and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome].

PMID- 6570338
TI  - [The radiology department in a medium-sized hospital. Approach to working
      conditions].

PMID- 6570339
TI  - [Isotopes in cardiology].

PMID- 6570340
TI  - [Ocular burns].

PMID- 6570341
TI  - [Public health ophthalmology and primary health care].

PMID- 6570342
TI  - [Health education, cornerstone of primary health care].

PMID- 6570344
TI  - [The WHO launches a new program for new vaccines].

PMID- 6570343
TI  - [Glaucoma].

PMID- 6570346
TI  - [Flagyl].

PMID- 6570345
TI  - [Keratitis].

PMID- 6570347
TI  - [Sleep disorders in infants].

PMID- 6570348
TI  - [The psychosomatic testing of a child].

PMID- 6570349
TI  - [Health care personnel and early prevention. Psychological problems of health
      personnel viewed in the modern perspective of early prevention].

PMID- 6570350
TI  - [Psychosomatic approach in children. Introduction].

PMID- 6570351
TI  - [Fertilization in vitro].

PMID- 6570352
TI  - [Fertilization in vitro. Role of the nurse].

PMID- 6570353
TI  - [Bathing of infants].

PMID- 6570354
TI  - [Hospital of the postern of the poplars. A facility for psychosomatic medicine].

PMID- 6570355
TI  - [Disorders with somatic manifestations in infants].

PMID- 6570357
TI  - [Scandinavian Nurses' Cooperative's representative meeting: the changing picture
      of disease--nursing's challenge].

PMID- 6570356
TI  - [Desires and reality. Nursing students' career choice].

PMID- 6570358
TI  - [Education--one of our challenges].

PMID- 6570359
TI  - [How do stoma patients live?].

PMID- 6570360
TI  - [Rogaland project: nurses' research in psychiatry].

PMID- 6570361
TI  - [How should districts be organized in the future?].

PMID- 6570362
TI  - [Relief of cancer pain--nursing's contribution].

PMID- 6570363
TI  - [Children in the hospital].

PMID- 6570364
TI  - [Midwives' role in the international perspective].

PMID- 6570365
TI  - [Diet and cancer].

PMID- 6570366
TI  - [Nurses' working environment. High illness absenteeism--what are the reasons?].

PMID- 6570367
TI  - [Continued education for nurses in More and Romsdal].

PMID- 6570368
TI  - [District council in the Nordland district: sceptical about new organizational
      form].

PMID- 6570369
TI  - Demonstration of the third kininogen in high and low molecular weight kininogens
      deficient Brown Norway Katholiek rat.
AB  - A gel filtration profile of the plasma of Brown Norway Katholiek (B/N-Ka) rat was
      compared with those of B/N-Kitasato (B/N-Ki) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. In the
      chromatograms of B/N-Ki and SD rat plasmas, high-molecular weight (HMW) kininogen
      was eluted together with pre-kallikrein. In lower molecular weight fractions,
      there were two kininogens, one of which released kinin by urinary kallikrein,
      snake venom kininogenase (SVK) and trypsin, and the other released kinin only by
      trypsin. In the chromatogram of B/N-Ka rat plasma, there was no fraction which
      released kinin by plasma kallikrein, urinary kallikrein or SVK. However, the
      kinin-release only by trypsin was found in the lower molecular weight fraction,
      which corresponds to the third peak of kininogen in the chromatograms of B/N-Ki
      and SD rat plasmas. These results indicate that B/N-Ka rat plasma is deficient in
      HMW kininogen, and also deficient in the LMW kininogen susceptible to urinary
      kallikrein and SVK, but it contains the third kininogen responsive only to
      trypsin.

PMID- 6570371
TI  - [The practice of euthanasia in medical institutions].

PMID- 6570370
TI  - Electrochemical activity determination of trypsin-like enzymes. VIII. Kallikrein
      and prekallikrein in plasma and whole blood.
AB  - In-vitro determinations of purified kallikrein on the one hand, of human plasma
      and whole blood prekallikrein on the other hand have been conducted with the S
      2648 electrogenic substrate using the electroanalytical technique. Plasmatic
      evaluations have been checked photometrically for assessing the reliability of
      the procedure. Whole blood levels of prekallikrein compare with plasma if the
      haematocrit of the sample is taken into account.

PMID- 6570372
TI  - [Nursing management of a person with anorexia nervosa symptoms].

PMID- 6570373
TI  - [Death of an organ. Aspects of brain death].

PMID- 6570374
TI  - [Status of the nursing profession. Various observation in relation to studies of
      the image of the nurse in the Netherlands].

PMID- 6570375
TI  - [Managing grief].

PMID- 6570376
TI  - [Patients' rooms: nursing aspects of a patient room in new hospital
      construction].

PMID- 6570377
TI  - [The patient, his social environment and the institution].

PMID- 6570378
TI  - [The Law Pregnancy Interruption and the consequences for the nurse burdened by
      conscience].

PMID- 6570379
TI  - [The Advisory Committee for Education in the Field of Nursing. An account from
      Brussels. III].

PMID- 6570380
TI  - [Prevention of accidents in young children in the private home].

PMID- 6570381
TI  - [Shaman: magician or healer?].

PMID- 6570382
TI  - [The maturity of the patient].

PMID- 6570383
TI  - [Medical information for nurses. The shattered lower leg. 1. Diagnosis].

PMID- 6570384
TI  - [State of the kallikrein-kinin system in blood from the heart ventricle in the
      dynamics of spontaneous hypertension in the rat].
AB  - Estimations of prekallikrein and kallikrein inhibitor by means of TAME-esterase
      method and of the content of kininogen by biological procedure were carried out
      in blood plasma, isolated from right and left ventricles of heart, of rats with
      spontaneous hypertension, Okamoto-Aoki strain, and of the normotensive animals
      Wistar-Kyoto strain. The animals were 2=3 months, 6=8 months and 12=14 months
      old. Development of spontaneous hypertension was accompanied by an increase in
      the kallikrein-kinin system components studied. Content of prekallikrein and
      kininogen was higher in blood plasma from left heart ventricle than in blood from
      right ventricle, independently of the age of the rats, by 6=10% and 33=40%,
      respectively. Lung tissue was shown to carry out a definite reserve function in
      the compensatory increase of the kallikrein-kinin system potential under
      conditions of spontaneous hypertension.

PMID- 6570385
TI  - The effect of systematically varying components of nursing care on satisfaction
      in elderly ambulatory women.

PMID- 6570386
TI  - Philosophy of nursing education: a national survey.

PMID- 6570387
TI  - Nursing assessment of parental coping with cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 6570388
TI  - Anthropology and nursing--the interaction between two fields of inquiry.

PMID- 6570389
TI  - Student involvement in faculty research: a mentor's view.

PMID- 6570390
TI  - Ethical issues in nursing research.

PMID- 6570392
TI  - Research in cultural diversity.

PMID- 6570391
TI  - Problems in doing nursing research. Nursing research: systems entry.

PMID- 6570393
TI  - Researchmanship. Research grant applications: what they should be.

PMID- 6570394
TI  - Strategies for teaching nursing research. Scholarly writing.

PMID- 6570395
TI  - [Activation of the kallikrein-kinin system by clonidine].
AB  - Our results show that after the application of clonidine an activation of the
      kallikrein kinin system develops. The activation is characterized by the proof of
      active kallikrein and the decrease of kallikreinogen and the inhibitor capacity
      against kallikrein and trypsin. The extent of the activation seems to depend on
      the dosage of clonidine. The more pronounced reaction of the kallikrein kinin
      system might be connected with the side effects observed in the clonidine test.

PMID- 6570396
TI  - [District nurse on the future of primary care: we need generalist nurses to
      manage health care. Interview by Inger Lernevall].

PMID- 6570397
TI  - [Social medicine national sector: generalist nurses are accepted following
      continued education. Interview by Inger Lernevall].

PMID- 6570398
TI  - [New part-time jobs wreck economy for nurses].

PMID- 6570399
TI  - [Part-time jobs' breach of equality agreements].

PMID- 6570400
TI  - [Delegation should not be used to solve break problems].

PMID- 6570401
TI  - [Delegation-a question of work distribution and responsibility].

PMID- 6570402
TI  - [How delegation and distribution of responsibility functions].

PMID- 6570403
TI  - [Anxiety in Beckomberg: slow progress with sectorization].

PMID- 6570405
TI  - [Research transforms--and education is the most important link].

PMID- 6570404
TI  - [Psychiatric care in transition].

PMID- 6570406
TI  - [Reception of community care: choose for coordination in team!. Interview by
      Anita Widen].

PMID- 6570407
TI  - [Kerstin Andersson, newly-fledged doctor: what do we really mean with safety?.
      Interview by Anita Widen].

PMID- 6570408
TI  - [MAF (Medical Technicians' Association) disappearing?. Interview by Viveka
      Holmertz].

PMID- 6570409
TI  - [Psychiatric nurse is chairperson of the SSEF (Swedish Student Nurses'
      Association). Interview by Viveka Holmertz].

PMID- 6570410
TI  - [We work at the patients' convenience. Interview by Anita Widen].

PMID- 6570411
TI  - [Incorrect prosecution of nurses in dialysis incident. Interview by Jan
      Thomasson].

PMID- 6570412
TI  - [Winner: novel is about my wife. Interview by Viveka Holmertz].

PMID- 6570413
TI  - [Finally fall is here!].

PMID- 6570414
TI  - ["Ability to reach out to people" is a professional skill which could disappear
      with computerization. Interview by Viveka Holmertz].

PMID- 6570415
TI  - [Shortage of substitutes, getting service, poor planning. Politicians exploit
      nurses' responsibilities toward patients. Interview by Jan Thomasson].

PMID- 6570416
TI  - [They arrange for their free days--that's why activities work out].

PMID- 6570417
TI  - [Satisfied ombudsman in Vastmanland: unique arrangement gives substitutes
      permanent job. Interview by Inger Lernevall].

PMID- 6570418
TI  - [Safety in anesthesia has not deteriorated].

PMID- 6570419
TI  - [Committee on the Future of Health and Nursing Care: continued stake in primary
      health care].

PMID- 6570420
TI  - [One of the 5 nurses here is hospital administrator. Interview by Jan Thomasson].

PMID- 6570421
TI  - The influence of psychosocial factors on patient adjustment to continuous
      ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

PMID- 6570422
TI  - Coordinated pediatric renal nutrition education model.

PMID- 6570423
TI  - Nephrology nursing research. Methodology.

PMID- 6570425
TI  - Renal nutrition for the renal nurse.

PMID- 6570424
TI  - The influence of home dialysis on adolescent psychosocial development: a case
      report.

PMID- 6570426
TI  - Evaluation of hypotensive episodes during maintenance hemodialysis in patients
      with impaired cardiovascular function.

PMID- 6570427
TI  - Educating families about slow continuous ultrafiltration.

PMID- 6570429
TI  - Quality assurance for ESRD: a successful program.

PMID- 6570428
TI  - Custom hemodialysis in the hospitalized renal failure patient.

PMID- 6570430
TI  - Hemodialysis emergencies: carefully prepared resuscitation.

PMID- 6570431
TI  - A comparison of hemodialysis patients and locus of control.

PMID- 6570432
TI  - Presenting nursing research findings.

PMID- 6570433
TI  - One cuff versus two cuff catheters in incidence of infection.

PMID- 6570434
TI  - Beta-cap: improving the body image of patients on continuous ambulatory
      peritoneal dialysis.

PMID- 6570435
TI  - The hemasite system: a transcutaneous approach to vascular access.

PMID- 6570436
TI  - Femoral vein catheterization: whose responsibility?

PMID- 6570437
TI  - The Hickman catheter--today's vascular access for pediatric hemodialysis.

PMID- 6570438
TI  - Percutaneous angioaccess for hemodialysis using subclavian catheters.

PMID- 6570439
TI  - Impact of prospective payment regulations: results of head nurse survey.

PMID- 6570440
TI  - Communication of research findings.

PMID- 6570441
TI  - Reflections on the word "client'.

PMID- 6570442
TI  - Three techniques for peritoneal catheter exit site dressings.

PMID- 6570444
TI  - [Isolation and determination of human plasma prekallikrein].

PMID- 6570443
TI  - The nucleotide sequence of mannosyl-Q-containing tRNAAsp from Xenopus laevis
      oocytes.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of tRNAAsp from X. laevis oocytes was determined as
      being: (sequence in text) The tRNA is 75 nucleotides long. This sequence is very
      similar (75% to 97% identity) to all other eukaryotic tRNAAsp sequenced so far,
      except for the bovine liver tRNAAsp (32% identity). The relation between the
      presence of a mannosyl group on queuosine (Q) at position 34 and the nucleotide
      sequence of the anticodon loop is discussed.

PMID- 6570445
TI  - Contemporary demands on the community nurse.

PMID- 6570447
TI  - Research--the cornerstone of modern nursing management.

PMID- 6570446
TI  - [Psychiatric nursing abilities in other nursing dimensions].

PMID- 6570449
TI  - My home--the hospital. A case study.

PMID- 6570448
TI  - [Nursing administration in health services].

PMID- 6570450
TI  - [Communication with the dying and their loved ones].

PMID- 6570451
TI  - The objective structured clinical evaluation. The Groote Schuur Hospital nurses'
      experience.

PMID- 6570452
TI  - Evaluation of the OSCE in the primary health care situation.

PMID- 6570453
TI  - [Computers in nursing. 2. Computers as an aid in nursing administration].

PMID- 6570454
TI  - Nursing practice--reality or dream.

PMID- 6570455
TI  - [Standard nursing care plan for prenatal clients].

PMID- 6570456
TI  - [The nursing instructor--the innovator?].

PMID- 6570457
TI  - [School medicine].

PMID- 6570458
TI  - [Hepatic amebiasis].

PMID- 6570459
TI  - [Vascular acrosyndromes].

PMID- 6570460
TI  - [Diuretics].

PMID- 6570461
TI  - [Intestinal complications of antibiotic therapy].

PMID- 6570462
TI  - [Premedication].

PMID- 6570463
TI  - [Hyperuricemia].

PMID- 6570464
TI  - [Anti-infective agents in children].

PMID- 6570465
TI  - [Chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 6570466
TI  - [Senescence and endocrine metabolism].

PMID- 6570468
TI  - [Sherbrooke miniconference (joint replacement prostheses)].

PMID- 6570467
TI  - [Dietetics and diet].

PMID- 6570469
TI  - [A woman who calls herself "ordinary" but who is extraordinary!. Interview by
      Colette Verreault].

PMID- 6570470
TI  - [Return to our last annual congress. "1974-1984" The nursing assistant ... more
      than care].

PMID- 6570471
TI  - [Continuing education. 2d part. 4. Respiratory tract].

PMID- 6570473
TI  - [Continuing education. Respiratory tract. 2. Management of principal
      emergencies].

PMID- 6570472
TI  - [We are all aged!... Interview by Colette Verreault].

PMID- 6570474
TI  - Continued education. Charting. 14-15.

PMID- 6570475
TI  - [Chronicle. Professional assessment: medications].

PMID- 6570476
TI  - [Autonomous updating].

PMID- 6570478
TI  - National Council study of nursing performance due in '86.

PMID- 6570477
TI  - Urinary kallikrein in hypertension secondary to hemolytic uremic syndrome:
      response to diuretic stimulus.
AB  - Urinary kallikrein excretion was measured in 43 children, mean age 8 years, who
      had the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) during the first year of life. Twenty
      eight were normotensive and fifteen hypertensive. We found no difference in
      urinary kallikrein excretion between the normotensive and hypertensive groups.
      Twenty three of these children received a combination of 1 mg/kg/day of
      hydrochlorothiazide plus amiloride for ten days. 14 of these patients were
      normotensive and 9 hypertensive. The rate of kallikrein excretion did not change
      in the hypertensive children whereas normotensive children had a three fold
      increase following administration of the diuretic. The different behaviour of
      kallikrein excretion in both groups may reflect a change in the reactive
      capabilities of the vasodilator system in this form of hypertension.

PMID- 6570479
TI  - [Uterine torsion in pregnancy. Case report].

PMID- 6570480
TI  - [Observation on the maintenance of infant nurseries and the obstetric
      department].

PMID- 6570481
TI  - [Report--study trip to St. Margret's Hospital, Sydney. ICM's Congress, September
      1984].

PMID- 6570482
TI  - Purification and properties of alanyl-tRNA synthetase from Bombyx mori: a
      monomeric enzyme.
AB  - Alanyl-tRNA synthetase was purified from the posterior silk glands of Bombyx mori
      by ammonium sulfate fractionation and chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel and
      hydroxyapatite columns. The yield was about 100 mg of the enzyme per 1 kg of the
      glands. The enzyme required both L-alanine and alanine tRNA for pyrophosphate
      formation from ATP. The PPi formation was observed even after tRNA was fully
      aminoacylated. The enzyme was found to be a monomer of 115K daltons by SDS
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, gel filtration and suberimidate cross-linking
      experiments. The monomeric enzyme did not dimerize in the presence of the alanine
      tRNA. The enzyme and the tRNA formed a 1:1 complex. The results indicate that
      Bombyx mori alanyl-tRNA synthetase functions in a monomeric state.

PMID- 6570483
TI  - High-performance liquid chromatographic separations on dihydroxyboryl-agarose.
AB  - This paper (which is part of a series of articles on high-performance liquid
      chromatographic separations on agarose columns) describes the chromatographic
      behaviour of catecholamines, nucleosides, aminoacylated and non-aminoacylated
      tRNA, and glycosylated and non-glycosylated hemoglobins on agarose matrices
      derivatized with m-aminophenylboronic acid. These matrices primarily bind
      molecules with two vicinal hydroxy groups in the cis-configuration. The possible
      existence of secondary electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions has been
      studied with the aid of diagrams showing retention time as a function of pH and
      buffer concentration.

PMID- 6570484
TI  - Mixed-mode chromatographic matrices for the resolution of transfer ribonucleic
      acids.
AB  - Modification of approximately 65% of the amine groups of an aminopropylsilyl
      bonded-phase silica high-performance liquid chromatographic anion exchanger (APS
      Hypersil) with organic acids containing n-alkyl moieties of different chain
      lengths, results in mixed mode chromatographic matrices of varying hydrophobic
      character. These stationary phases result in high resolution of transfer
      ribonucleic acids (tRNAs) when used with a decreasing gradient of ammonium
      sulfate. The observed resolution appears to be primarily a function of
      interfacial precipitation effected by the high initial salt concentration of the
      mobile phase and the hydrophobic character of the stationary phase, followed by
      selective resolubilization during the decreasing salt gradient. After
      resolubilization, adsorptive processes may additionally contribute to resolution.
      The residual amine groups decrease the hydrophobic character of the stationary
      phase compared to a pure reversed-phase support. The mixed-mode matrices are
      useful for the resolution of aminoacylated tRNAs from non-aminoacylated tRNAs.

PMID- 6570485
TI  - Release of prostaglandins during reversal of one-kidney, but not two-kidney, one
      clip hypertension in the rat.
AB  - Changes in systolic blood pressure and urinary excretion of PGE2 and 6-keto PGF1
      alpha 24 h after removing the renal artery clip were compared in one-kidney and
      two-kidney, one clip Goldblatt hypertension in the rat. Unclipping the one-kidney
      rat returned blood pressure to normotensive levels within 24 h and was associated
      with a substantial increase in urinary PGE2 and 6-keto PGF1 alpha. Although
      hypertension was also completely reversed in the two-kidney model there was no
      significant change in urinary prostaglandin excretion. Prior treatment with
      indomethacin (6.0 mg/kg) markedly reduced urinary prostaglandins after clip
      removal in both forms of hypertension but attenuated the fall in blood pressure
      in the one-kidney model only. There were no significant changes in urinary
      kallikrein activity following unclipping. It is suggested that in the one-kidney,
      one clip rat prostaglandins are released as the result of exposing the unclipped
      kidney to elevated arterial pressure and that these contribute to the subsequent
      fall in blood pressure.

PMID- 6570486
TI  - Home care of the child with cancer.

PMID- 6570487
TI  - Respiratory problems in the pediatric oncology patient.

PMID- 6570488
TI  - Portable chemotherapy pumps in pediatric oncology: psychosocial and cost
      considerations.

PMID- 6570489
TI  - A study of children's understanding of the cerebral CT scan procedure.

PMID- 6570490
TI  - The effects of group therapy on adolescents with cancer.

PMID- 6570491
TI  - Play to reduce anxiety in children after bone marrow aspiration.

PMID- 6570492
TI  - Use of flow sheets in antiemetic therapy.

PMID- 6570493
TI  - Formulating research hypotheses.

PMID- 6570494
TI  - Pain assessment and relief in children with cancer.

PMID- 6570495
TI  - Observation of effect of iontophoresis of traditional Chinese drug in female
      infertility.

PMID- 6570496
TI  - Acupuncture treatment of benign thyroid nodules. Clinical observation of 65
      cases.

PMID- 6570497
TI  - Neurodermatitis treated by plum-blossom needle.

PMID- 6570498
TI  - Effect of AQSD resulted from Neiguan needling in cardiovascular disease. Analysis
      of 112 cases.

PMID- 6570499
TI  - Electro-acupuncture analgesia and analgesic action of Naga.

PMID- 6570500
TI  - The effect of acupuncture using reinforcing and reducing methods on nail
      microcirculation and local skin temperature.

PMID- 6570501
TI  - Preliminary observation on carboxyl-methyl Poria cocos polysaccharide (CMPCP) in
      treating chronic viral hepatitis.

PMID- 6570502
TI  - Studies on hawthorn and its active principle. I. Effect on myocardial ischemia
      and hemodynamics in dogs.

PMID- 6570503
TI  - Studies on hawthorn and its active principle. II. Effects on cultured rat heart
      cells deprived of oxygen and glucose.

PMID- 6570504
TI  - Clinical observation on the effect of Radix rosae multiflorae in reducing blood
      lipids.

PMID- 6570505
TI  - Infantile rotavirus enteritis treated with herbal Valeriana jatamansi (VJ).

PMID- 6570506
TI  - Treatment of rotavirus infection in tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri yunalis) with
      herbal Valeriana jatamansi (VJ).

PMID- 6570507
TI  - Clinical observation on the treatment of exfoliative cheilitis with traditional
      Chinese medicine.

PMID- 6570508
TI  - A clinical study of 197 cases of fracture of carpal scaphoid bone treated by
      paper plates with pressure padding.

PMID- 6570509
TI  - A study of the tongue coating with electron microscope. II. An investigation on
      various pathological tongue features.

PMID- 6570510
TI  - Hand behaviors of women during childbirth.
AB  - An exploratory study was conducted to determine what could be inferred from the
      hand behaviors of women during childbirth. The specific study questions were:
      What are the hand actions? What are the objects of the hand actions? What are the
      purposes of the hand actions? The influence of the uterine state, i.e.,
      contraction or relaxation, on the hand behaviors was also explored. A preliminary
      study was conducted from which three components of hand behaviors were
      identified: the hand action, the object of the action, and the purpose of the
      action. Nine discrete hand actions were defined according to the inter
      relationship of the posture, characteristic motion, and the mode of contact of
      the hand upon the object: grasping, pressing, rubbing, non-moving, gesticulating,
      holding, playing, palpating, and striking. The objects of the hand actions were
      grouped into three distinct groups including: the self, inanimate items, and
      other persons. Eleven purposes of the hand action were inductively defined from
      the preliminary study: attacking, augmenting, bracing, caretaking, comforting,
      containing, inactivating, informing, orienting, regulating, and requesting. A
      data collection instrument, in grid form, to accommodate the rapid recording of
      the nine types of hand action, the three objects of the actions, and the eleven
      purposes of the actions, was constructed. The study was conducted in the labor
      and delivery unit of an urban university-related teaching and research hospital.
      The specific setting for the study included two sites: the single bed labor room,
      the primary site; and the delivery room, the secondary site. Thirty women, 10
      primigravida and 20 multigravida, ranging from 17 to 34 years of age were the
      subjects of the study. Of the 30 subjects, 23 experienced a normal onset of labor
      and 7 had labor induced. The duration of labor ranged from 1 1/2 to 16 1/2 hours
      with the mean duration 8 3/4 hours. Direct observation was the method for data
      collection. Observations were conducted once every half hour throughout the
      subjects' labor experience. During each observation session, the hand behaviors
      were recorded during one uterine contraction and during 60 seconds of uterine
      relaxation. The data were tabulated by frequency and by percentage in relation to
      the hand action, the object of the hand action, the purpose of the hand action,
      and the uterine state. Findings related to the hand actions demonstrated a
      predominance of grasping (28%; 765/2,724) and pressing (25%; 670/2,724) actions.
      Rubbing actions (16%; 421/2,724) and non-moving actions (11%; 313/2,724) were the
      next most frequently observed actions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6570511
TI  - [Interview. Psychiatric nursing].

PMID- 6570512
TI  - [A model for early intervention. Mother-child groups].

PMID- 6570513
TI  - [Beware of professional secrecy].

PMID- 6570514
TI  - [Hysterectomy. Is it still the "major operation"?].

PMID- 6570515
TI  - [The nurse patient relationship. Pivot of the patient's and nurse's mental
      health].

PMID- 6570516
TI  - [The family system...a few elements of understanding].

PMID- 6570517
TI  - [1974-1984: assessment. Interview with Jeanne Grimard. Interview by Denise
      Goudreault].

PMID- 6570519
TI  - Mental health in motion...what is our profession concerned with?

PMID- 6570518
TI  - [What is new in the matter of standardizing the records of the beneficiary].

PMID- 6570520
TI  - [Springtime in psychiatry].

PMID- 6570521
TI  - [The psychiatric nurse, a psychotherapist?].

PMID- 6570522
TI  - [C.V.A.: cardiovascular accident].

PMID- 6570524
TI  - [Academic education in nursing].

PMID- 6570523
TI  - [Nursing education development within universities].

PMID- 6570525
TI  - [Inservice education for 1983 public health nurses on the topic of breast
      feeding].

PMID- 6570526
TI  - [From subordination to cooperation in doctor-nurse relationships].

PMID- 6570527
TI  - Planning nursing education for 2000 A.D.

PMID- 6570528
TI  - Imperatives of nursing education. Tasks for the future.

PMID- 6570529
TI  - Common problems in the first month of breast-feeding.

PMID- 6570530
TI  - Onset pattern of menarche among nursing students. A study of PGI, Chandigarh.

PMID- 6570531
TI  - The nurse as a student.

PMID- 6570532
TI  - Monitoring health strategies. The South-East Asian context.

PMID- 6570533
TI  - Changing challenges and needs.

PMID- 6570534
TI  - Special cases of breast-feeding.

PMID- 6570535
TI  - Community-oriented education at St. John's Bangalore.

PMID- 6570536
TI  - Correcting genetic defects during pregnancy.

PMID- 6570537
TI  - Competence of community health nurses in primary health care: a perceptual study.

PMID- 6570538
TI  - "Health for all: a framework for action".

PMID- 6570539
TI  - What's up after the phasing out of PNA in PHC Parang. The creation of KP-Parang.

PMID- 6570541
TI  - [Grain products].

PMID- 6570540
TI  - The PHC project of PNA-Nueva Ecija Chapter.

PMID- 6570542
TI  - [Nursing report].

PMID- 6570543
TI  - [Specialization of midwives].

PMID- 6570544
TI  - [Psychological care of the patient].

PMID- 6570545
TI  - [Evaluation of students in the pediatric department].

PMID- 6570546
TI  - [In the day nursery].

PMID- 6570547
TI  - [Treatment of malignant neoplasms].

PMID- 6570548
TI  - [Use of lasers in neurosurgery].

PMID- 6570549
TI  - [Participation of the nurse in rehabilitation].

PMID- 6570550
TI  - [A life of hard work. Interview by Witold Nowicki].

PMID- 6570551
TI  - [Work in the community. Interview by Iwona Krysiak].

PMID- 6570552
TI  - [In a Warsaw day nursery].

PMID- 6570554
TI  - [Documentation of nursing care].

PMID- 6570553
TI  - [Traditional midwives in the developing countries].

PMID- 6570555
TI  - [Kindness].

PMID- 6570556
TI  - [Smoking and the circulatory system].

PMID- 6570557
TI  - [Ulcerative colitis].

PMID- 6570558
TI  - [Life and work].

PMID- 6570559
TI  - Don't cut corners on informed consent.

PMID- 6570560
TI  - Turning students into nurses-fast!

PMID- 6570561
TI  - Helping your patient breathe easier after chest surgery (continuing education
      credit).

PMID- 6570562
TI  - When a co-worker drives you wild.

PMID- 6570563
TI  - A nurse's Christmas carol.

PMID- 6570564
TI  - Are you sure it's only croup?

PMID- 6570565
TI  - A better way to dress a scalp wound.

PMID- 6570566
TI  - Emergency! Dealing with poisonings.

PMID- 6570567
TI  - Taking your nursing know-how home.

PMID- 6570568
TI  - Understanding white cell morphology.

PMID- 6570569
TI  - [Kayexalate].

PMID- 6570570
TI  - [Gastric intubation in a 65-year-old woman suspected of having tuberculosis].

PMID- 6570571
TI  - [Emergency care in the field].

PMID- 6570572
TI  - [First-line emergency surgery].

PMID- 6570573
TI  - [Emergency management of burned assault victims and of nuclear accident victims].

PMID- 6570575
TI  - [Advice to a medical assistant witnessing a terrorist act].

PMID- 6570574
TI  - [Psychiatric reactions to urban terrorism].

PMID- 6570576
TI  - [A person suffering from multiple sclerosis. Case report].

PMID- 6570577
TI  - [Wounding agents. Their consequences on anatomic-pathologic lesions and on triage
      of the wounded].

PMID- 6570578
TI  - [Rivotril].

PMID- 6570579
TI  - [Behavior disorders of the active type in mentally retarded patients].

PMID- 6570580
TI  - [Psychosis and mental deficiency].

PMID- 6570581
TI  - [Anxiety and sexuality].

PMID- 6570582
TI  - [Minimal brain dysfunction].

PMID- 6570583
TI  - [Intelligence and affect].

PMID- 6570584
TI  - [Psychomotor instability. Report of a case].

PMID- 6570585
TI  - [Psychiatric emergencies].

PMID- 6570586
TI  - [Action and fantasy. Attempt at theoretical reflections based on personal
      practice].

PMID- 6570587
TI  - [Quinidurule].

PMID- 6570588
TI  - [Initial assessment of the hypertensive patient].

PMID- 6570589
TI  - [Hypertensive disease].

PMID- 6570590
TI  - [Education of the hypertensive patient].

PMID- 6570591
TI  - [The day of a hypertensive patient in a day care center].

PMID- 6570592
TI  - [The causes of arterial hypertension. Importance, research, mechanisms and
      significance].

PMID- 6570593
TI  - [Chronic calcifying pancreatitis in Africa].

PMID- 6570594
TI  - [The WHO program of action for essential medicinal drugs and vaccines. Rational
      use of drugs].

PMID- 6570595
TI  - [Cancer of the exocrine pancreas].

PMID- 6570596
TI  - [2 cases of calcified chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 6570597
TI  - [Acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 6570598
TI  - [Spasfon].

PMID- 6570599
TI  - [Acute otitis media in infants and children].

PMID- 6570600
TI  - [The Eustachian tube: its role. Practical application: serous otitis].

PMID- 6570601
TI  - [Study of a case report: recurrent otitis or subacute mastoiditis?].

PMID- 6570602
TI  - [Laryngeal dyspnea in children].

PMID- 6570603
TI  - [Anatophysiologic review of the auditory apparatus].

PMID- 6570604
TI  - [Case report of acute laryngitis].

PMID- 6570605
TI  - [Prevention of rubella and toxoplasmosis in pregnant women. Viewpoint of MCH
      center at district level].

PMID- 6570606
TI  - ["Social aid to children". What is it?].

PMID- 6570607
TI  - [Detection and diagnosis of hearing disorders in young children].

PMID- 6570608
TI  - [I told her she had cancer].

PMID- 6570609
TI  - [Even Einstein's problem was to measure outcome with a ruler].

PMID- 6570610
TI  - [Health visiting: disengagement from unhealthy conditions via conscious effort].

PMID- 6570611
TI  - [Representative can help but has no use for backup].

PMID- 6570612
TI  - [Work supervisor has responsibility for work environment in home nursing].

PMID- 6570613
TI  - [Modernization with new technology without appraisal of consequences].

PMID- 6570614
TI  - [Executive Board. More rigorous requirements in applications for research
      support].

PMID- 6570615
TI  - [Head lice. Control of lice simplified with a new spray medication].

PMID- 6570616
TI  - [Pressure sores. Observation concerning pressure sores must immediately call for
      treatment].

PMID- 6570617
TI  - [WHO: greater realism in international work for health].

PMID- 6570618
TI  - ["Modernization" nursing doesn't want to go along].

PMID- 6570619
TI  - [Cross-professional cooperation. Various professional groups and their
      cooperation concerning sick people].

PMID- 6570620
TI  - [CAPD treatment: advantages and disadvantages].

PMID- 6570621
TI  - [Technology clears away most of the paperwork].

PMID- 6570622
TI  - [Medical Director's hunger for power doesn't solve any problems].

PMID- 6570623
TI  - [Nurse managers prepared for professional and work economics' responsibility].

PMID- 6570625
TI  - [Nurses from Scandinavia draft health strategy].

PMID- 6570624
TI  - [Modernization. Formally, it is voluntary--but it is urgent].

PMID- 6570626
TI  - [Nursing care. New and easy warning apparatus in continence training].

PMID- 6570627
TI  - [After dialysis incident in Linkoping. Change equipment frequently during the
      year demands SHSTF].

PMID- 6570628
TI  - [A trial to create a different kind of long-term care. Own room and homelike
      atmosphere--yet with little staff].

PMID- 6570629
TI  - [Last word on zone therapy].

PMID- 6570630
TI  - [It is Spring, It is Friday, it is pay day. Vardfacket spent a night in jail.
      Interview by Inger Lernevall].

PMID- 6570631
TI  - [Qualification regulations compared to general council].

PMID- 6570633
TI  - [One day in emergency].

PMID- 6570632
TI  - [Incompetent or cold-shouldered?].

PMID- 6570634
TI  - [Portrait: Tuulikki Jahre. Interview by Inger Lernevall].

PMID- 6570635
TI  - [A blood test in the living room--that works fine!].

PMID- 6570636
TI  - [SHSTF protest against UHA (Council of Universities and Colleges): no reductions
      in education].

PMID- 6570637
TI  - [Mothers don't get enough food when they grow up. That's why their infants are
      underweight at birth].

PMID- 6570638
TI  - [Demonstrators demand that small maternity clinics remain in existence
      "neighborhood provides security"].

PMID- 6570639
TI  - [Providers of health information should be nurses].

PMID- 6570640
TI  - [Effect of methods of artificial detoxication on various indicators of
      homeostasis].

PMID- 6570641
TI  - [Kallikrein-kinin system of the lymph in early post-resuscitation period].

PMID- 6570642
TI  - Using screening instruments in community psychiatric nursing for the elderly.

PMID- 6570643
TI  - Basic nurse education in CAEs--the educational evidence for transfer.

PMID- 6570645
TI  - A study of falls among elderly hospitalized patients.

PMID- 6570644
TI  - Pain and the surgical patient: a cross-cultural perspective.

PMID- 6570646
TI  - The change process: a N.S.W. reflection.

PMID- 6570647
TI  - Provisions in the laws of Pakistan to combat serious drug-related offences.
AB  - British drug control laws were in force in Pakistan until February 1979 when the
      President of Pakistan promulgated the Prohibition (Enforcement of Hadd) Order,
      1979. Under this Order more severe penalties are prescribed for those who violate
      the regulations of import, export, manufacture or processing of any intoxicants,
      the term which refers mainly to products of cannabis, opiates and coca
      derivatives. The Prohibition Order, 1979 and the Dangerous Drugs Act 1930 were
      amended in December 1983 to provide for further increases in punitive sanctions
      for offenders violating drug control laws and even more severe sanctions for
      offenders who are recidivists.

PMID- 6570648
TI  - Legal measures to combat drug-related problems in Poland.
AB  - The opium poppy, traditionally cultivated for its seeds and industrial purposes,
      has recently been increasingly used in so called "home technology" as a raw
      material for the illicit production of opiates. This development has been
      accompanied by an increasing number of drug abusers, mainly among young people.
      Law enforcement authorities in Poland recorded in 1979 approximately 8,000
      persons abusing drugs and 13,000 in 1983. The number of drug offences known to
      the police increased from 1,313 in 1979 to 3,014 in 1983, often involving illegal
      manufacture of opiates. A study of 110 criminals sentenced for drug offences
      showed that they also abused drugs over periods of several months to several
      years. Penal sanctions relating to drug control are provided in different legal
      instruments. The sentencing policy has not substantially changed over the past
      several years. The sentence most frequently administered has been the conditional
      suspension of enforcement of punishment. Effective administration of the penalty
      of imprisonment for a drug offender engaged in illicit drug trafficking or other
      criminal acts presenting an exceptional public danger, even when the offender is
      a drug addict, is one of the basic principles of drug legislation. The law
      enables the court to commit a drug-addicted offender to an institution, for a
      period of six months to two years, for treatment of drug dependence before the
      sentence is carried out, and, in case of successful treatment, the court may
      reassess the case with a view to reducing or waiving the penalty. A new
      comprehensive drug law is currently being drafted.

PMID- 6570650
TI  - Summary of an eleven-country study of socio-legal measures to combat drug abuse
      and related crime.
AB  - In a comparative study of a group of experimental and control subjects in
      Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Japan, Jordan, Italy, Malaysia, Singapore and the
      United States of America (State of New York), and of the results of independent
      studies conducted in Sweden and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
      Ireland, a rather close association was found to exist between drug abuse,
      criminal behaviour and social attitudes to such problems. Both drug abuse and the
      socio-legal systems varied greatly in the countries involved. No correlation was
      found between the level of foreseen or actual harshness of the socio-legal system
      and the level of seriousness of drug abuse and its associated criminality, but
      there was a significant correlation between knowledge of the law and the efficacy
      of the socio-legal system. In each country informal control systems, such as the
      family, church, school, neighbourhood and work environment, were active.
      Approximately one half of the subjects that were interviewed from countries with
      the most punitive socio-legal systems perceived informal controls as harsh and
      punitive while in the other countries such controls were generally perceived as
      positive. The study encouraged the review, testing and implementation of
      alternative measures to penal sanctions, particularly with a view to creating a
      genuine therapeutic approach to correcting the deviant behaviour of drug abusers.

PMID- 6570649
TI  - Drug offence sentencing practices in the United States of America.
AB  - The United States criminal justice system, in response to a variety of risks,
      makes available a range of options to help control drug offenders. Pre-arrest
      diversion, pre-trial diversion, pre-trial release, probation, split sentencing,
      warn release, incarceration and parole release are alternative dispositions
      involving a graduated scale of punishment, incarceration, specific deterrence and
      rehabilitation. New drug offence sentencing policies are emerging within the
      criminal justice system. Traditional values of rehabilitation are currently less
      favoured and contemporary doctrines advocate sentencing based on principles of
      uniformity and retribution. Drug law sentencing practices are a principal concern
      of this article and the major policy themes are systematically reviewed.
      Diversion, criminal responsibility, selective incapacitation, trafficking, and
      cocaine abuse are examined. Guidelines for policy development are recommended and
      the analysis covers the related concepts of sentencing ideology,
      decriminalization, and determinate sentencing models. Specific recommendations
      are offered for revision of drug offence sentencing policies to incorporate the
      emerging penal values.

PMID- 6570651
TI  - Denial of passports to drug offenders in Singapore.
AB  - In order to curtail illicit drug trafficking, drug offenders are not allowed to
      leave Singapore for a specified period of time ranging from 2 to 15 years,
      depending on the gravity of the offence. Offenders who have committed certain
      drug offences, as specified in this article, are not allowed to possess
      passports. The Immigration Department maintains a register of drug offenders, on
      the basis of which it refuses to issue a passport to a person who has a drug
      offence record. The appeal against such a decision is referred to the Central
      Narcotics Bureau, which, given extenuating circumstances, may authorize the
      issuance of a passport for a restricted and defined period of time.

PMID- 6570652
TI  - Drug-related crime and sentencing policies from the perspective of the United
      Nations crime prevention and criminal justice programme.
AB  - Owing to the incompleteness of available data, there is no conclusive evidence on
      the effectiveness of sentencing policies in various countries. Insufficient data
      at both the regional and international levels also make it difficult to draw any
      firm conclusions on general trends in sentencing policies for offenders convicted
      of drug-related infractions. Regional, and particularly national, circumstances
      influence the pattern of penal measures against drug offences in any given
      country. Thus, drug legislation reflects the socio-cultural, religious and other
      values of a nation. There is a growing tendency to apply measures of treatment
      and social reintegration to drug-addicted persons who have committed minor
      offences rather than to impose prison sentences on them. Drug addiction is
      increasingly recognized as a disease, which should be cured in an appropriate
      treatment setting, but the data available indicate that the application of this
      measure to drug offenders is rather restricted. Another apparent tendency is the
      move to decriminalize the simple use of drugs and, at the same time, to provide
      more severe penalties for drug trafficking. In certain countries, however, there
      is a trend towards increased penalties for illicit drug use as well.

PMID- 6570653
TI  - Some unresolved legal issues relating to punishment of offenders in criminal law
      and their effect on sentencing policies: the case of drug abusers.
AB  - The sentencing policy of a country is based on extra-legal considerations, such
      as political, social and moral principles, although the sentencing procedure
      employs legal principles. In imposing sentences the concepts of recklessness,
      negligence or liability are controversial, but they seem to be determining
      factors or at least play an important role in most legal systems. Sanctions do
      not need any legal justification, they are mostly value-oriented. The deterrence
      theory of sanctions still seems to be playing a significant role. Despite its
      lack of legal support, sanctions seem to serve a purpose in society, even though
      they are not quantifiable or certain. In the case of drug-related offences, there
      often exists a tendency to disregard the criminal acts of drug addicts. Although
      the education and rehabilitation of drug addicts are believed to be efficacious,
      from a legal point of view the incidence of contributory offence, that is, in
      certain circumstances the participation of the addict himself, in enhancing
      illicit trafficking in drugs cannot be ignored. However, illicit traffickers must
      be subject to severe sanctions of law.

PMID- 6570655
TI  - [Primary nursing and the nursing process].

PMID- 6570654
TI  - Penal measures for drug offences: perspectives from some Asian countries.
AB  - The importance of penal measures in the control of drugs has been recognized by
      various Asian countries during the last three centuries. The countries of the
      Asian region referred to in this article have legislation providing for different
      penal measures against drug offences. Severe punitive sanctions, including the
      death penalty, have been prescribed for serious drug offences by Iran (Islamic
      Republic of), Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand.
      Several countries in the region have made legal provisions for the compulsory
      treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependent persons. There is, however, a
      paucity of research studies on the efficiency of penal measures and approaches in
      drug control. Given the long tradition of punitive measures and the wide variety
      of penal approaches adopted to cope with drug-related problems, various Asian
      countries can provide interesting cases for criminological research on the
      effectiveness of penal measures in combating drug problems.

PMID- 6570656
TI  - [Implementation of primary nursing].

PMID- 6570657
TI  - [Primary nursing in the hospital].

PMID- 6570658
TI  - [Peculiarities of nursing in traditional Chinese medicine].

PMID- 6570659
TI  - [Nursing practice in traditional Chinese medicine].

PMID- 6570660
TI  - [Aerosol sterilization with a compound Taraxacum solution].

PMID- 6570661
TI  - [Traditional Chinese medicine in the care of patients at home].

PMID- 6570662
TI  - [Clinical uses of radiosterilization].

PMID- 6570664
TI  - [Care for patients undergoing selective coronary arteriography].

PMID- 6570663
TI  - [Nursing of a patient resuscitated from cardiac arrest after 36 minutes].

PMID- 6570665
TI  - [Movements of surgical patients confined to bed].

PMID- 6570666
TI  - [A review of the neonatal intensive care unit].

PMID- 6570667
TI  - [Genetics and genetic diseases (V)].

PMID- 6570668
TI  - [The point of intramuscular injections on deltoid muscle].

PMID- 6570669
TI  - Kallikrein-kinins in the central nervous system.
AB  - We studied whether the components of the kallikrein-kinin system are present in
      the central nervous system. We found that human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
      contains free kinins: 53 +/- 15 pg/ml; kininogen: 10.9 +/- 2.1 ng kinin
      equivalent/ml, and kininogenase activity: 5.0 +/- 2.1 ng kinins/ml/minute.
      Kininogenase activity was 2-3 fold augmented by preincubation with trypsin.
      Soybean trypsin inhibitor completely inhibited untreated CSF and partially
      inhibited trypsin activated kininogenase. Kininogenase activity and
      immunoreactive glandular kallikrein were present in rat brain, and their
      concentrations in hypothalamus is several-fold higher than in cortex, pons
      medulla, basal ganglia and cerebellum. In the hypophysis, activity in pars
      intermedia was between 6- and 20-fold higher than in posterior and anterior
      hypophysis, respectively. High activity was also found in the pineal gland. The
      kallikrein-kinin system is present in the central nervous system where it may
      participate in modulation of nervous and neuroendocrine functions.

PMID- 6570670
TI  - Early postnatal development of the rat lens.
AB  - Late prenatal and early postnatal development of the human crystalline lens is
      described as a process of continued flattening brought on by equatorial mitotic
      activity. The rat lens is relatively flat at birth, the difference between the
      axial and equatorial diameters being approximately equal to those of the lens of
      a newborn human. However, the rat lens rapidly becomes more spherical in shape
      after birth, with the lens occupying most of the intraocular space, as in adults,
      by 16 days. Study of the optical quality of excised lenses, from photographs of
      lens refractive effects on parallel laser beams of varying separation, indicates
      that the lens of the newborn rat is relatively free of the large negative
      spherical aberration found in adult lenses. However, large amounts of negative
      spherical aberration are evident five days after birth. It is suggested that the
      refractive components of the rat eye are similar in appearance and quality to
      those of a diurnal mammal at birth and that they assume the characteristics
      associated with nocturnal vision during an early period of postnatal development.

PMID- 6570671
TI  - Effect of gonadectomy on the secretory activity of the cerebral glands in
      Lithobius forficatus L. (Myriapoda Chilopoda).
AB  - Castrated Lithobius forficatus L. showed increased activity of the cerebral
      glands which are cephalic neurohemal organs exerting a role in spermatocyte and
      oocyte growth. This glandular hyperactivity is characterized by higher activity
      of the Golgi apparatus. The reaction, although comparable in both sexes, is
      apparently more pronounced after ovariectomy. About 50 days after castration
      glandular cells showed signs of injury while their activity remained similar or
      somewhat lower in comparison with controls. It is suggested that the glandular
      hyperactivity arises from the cessation of negative feedback signals from the
      gonads. The genital glands could act either directly or indirectly via the brain.

PMID- 6570672
TI  - Influence of dark-rearing on the ontogenetic development of Sarotherodon
      mossambicus (Cichlidae, Teleostei): I. Effects on body weight, body growth
      pattern, swimming activity and visual acuity.
AB  - The ontogenesis of the cichlid fish, Sarotherodon mossambicus was investigated
      under normal- and dark-rearing conditions from hatching to 100 days. Light
      deprivation did not change normal increase in body weight. The increase in body
      length was slightly retarded in dark-reared animals (DR), whereas the increase in
      body height was more pronounced as compared to normal-reared animals (NR). DR
      failed to swim up after resorption of the yolk sack. Visual acuity was severely
      impaired. The first deficits in visual discrimination were observed after 20-30
      days in the dark. After 50 days DR failed to show any optokinetic nystagmus.

PMID- 6570673
TI  - Influence of dark-rearing on the ontogenetic development of Sarotherodon
      mossambicus (Cichlidae, Teleostei): II. Effects on allometrical growth relations
      and differentiation of the optic tectum.
AB  - The effect of dark-rearing (DR) on the allometrical growth relations of defined
      brain structures, on the lamination and the synaptogenesis of the optic tectum of
      the cichlid teleost Sarotherodon mossambicus was studied. Dark-rearing did not
      alter allometric growth relations of the optic tectum. Both in dark-reared (DR)
      and in normal-reared animals (NR) the predominant outgrowth of the nerve fibers
      in the optic tectum took place within the first 20 days after hatching. Dark
      rearing changed the laminar structure of the optic tectum. In 100-day-old DR the
      optic layer was significantly reduced as compared to NR. The morphometric
      differentiation of synapses was affected by dark-rearing. In DR no significant
      reduction in the length of synaptic contact zones occurred between 30 and 100
      after hatching, as it did in NR. Moreover, specific layers (stratum marginale,
      stratum griseum centrale) in 100-day-old DR showed significant increase in the
      number of synaptic vesicles per nerve terminal.

PMID- 6570674
TI  - Arterial walls as cephalic neurohemal organs in Lithobius forficatus L.
      (Myriapoda Chilopoda).
AB  - Neurosecretory axon sections of the cephalic arterial walls (aorta and antennal
      arteries) of the centipede, Lithobius forficatus, are described. An
      ultrastructural study showed that these sections can be differentiated according
      to the form, size and electron-opacity of the secretory granules they contain.
      However, it is not easy to correlate these granules with those observed in the
      protocerebral neurosecretory cells. Various experiments (cerebral
      electrostimulation or electrocoagulation, and antennectomy) showed that part of
      the secretory products originate in the pars intercerebralis secretory cells.
      Although the cephalic arterial walls are neurohemal organs, certain axons extend
      beyond the areas investigated and the location of their endings remain unknown.

PMID- 6570675
TI  - Clinical and biochemical profile of subacute hepatic necrosis.

PMID- 6570677
TI  - Complications of amoebiasis in pregnancy and puerperium.

PMID- 6570676
TI  - Search for aetiological factors of non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis.

PMID- 6570678
TI  - Obstructive jaundice (a complication of amoebic liver abscess )

PMID- 6570679
TI  - Indian childhood cirrhosis and copper--a critique.

PMID- 6570680
TI  - [The kidneys. Introduction to surgery of the kidney].

PMID- 6570682
TI  - [Burns and their psychologic repercussions].

PMID- 6570681
TI  - [Defibrillators].

PMID- 6570683
TI  - [The nurse in a burn treatment center].

PMID- 6570684
TI  - [The role of the social worker].

PMID- 6570685
TI  - [Case report of deep burns].

PMID- 6570686
TI  - [Chemical burns].

PMID- 6570687
TI  - [Gas gangrene].

PMID- 6570688
TI  - [Questions and answers on intravenous perfusions].

PMID- 6570689
TI  - [Electrical burns].

PMID- 6570690
TI  - [Place of functional rehabilitation and re-adaptation in the treatment of severe
      burns].

PMID- 6570691
TI  - Prealbumin, prekallikrein and prothrombin in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis:
      increased turnover of the clotting proteins?

PMID- 6570692
TI  - Bf group system in the Polish population.
AB  - In a sample of the Polish population including 890 subjects, the five common
      types BfSO, BfF, BfFS, BfSSO 7, BfFSO 7 and one phenotypic variant BfF1S were
      met. The frequencies of genes determining the common types were: BfS = 0.8337,
      BfF = 0.1506, BfSO, 7 = 0.0112 and BfF1 = 0.0045, respectively. Examination of 38
      newborns and their mothers has revealed that Bf types are formed during the fetal
      life. Inheritance of Bf types was studied on 84 families with 187 children and
      449 mother-child pairs. The results obtained have confirmed that Bf system is
      determined by a single genetic locus in which multiple codominant, autosomal
      alleles are situated. The occurrence of phenotypic variant Bf FIS observed in two
      and three generations, confirmed its hereditary character and its dependence on
      the rare BfF1 gene occurring with the BfS gene.

PMID- 6570693
TI  - Cloning cDNAs corresponding to the 5' end of messenger RNAs using specific DNA
      primers.
AB  - A method is described to clone cDNAs corresponding to the 5' end of specific
      mRNAs which are absent from cDNA libraries. A segment is excised from the 5' end
      of a previously cloned truncated cDNA and hybridized to total polyadenylated RNA.
      The hybridized primer is extended using reverse transcriptase, tailed with
      deoxycytidine, and the second strand synthesized using oligo (dG)10-16 as a
      primer. The primer-extended double-stranded cDNA is cloned into pBR322 by dC-dG
      homopolymeric tailing. This method has been successful for cloning a 398 bp cDNA
      fragment corresponding to the entire 5' end of rat pancreatic elastase I mRNA, a
      prominent pancreatic mRNA, and a 510 bp fragment encoding the 5' end of
      kallikrein mRNA, a lower abundant pancreatic mRNA.

PMID- 6570694
TI  - Forfeiture of properties in respect of economic offences: the Indian experience.
AB  - India has on its statute book a number of enactments providing for seizure and
      forfeiture or confiscation of illegally acquired property. The Smugglers and
      Foreign Exchange Manipulators (Forfeiture of Property) Act, 1976, provides for
      forfeiture of both movable and immovable property illegally acquired by smugglers
      and foreign exchange manipulators and their relatives and associates. The
      Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act,
      1974, contains provisions for the detention of certain persons to prevent them
      from undertaking certain prejudicial activities. The normal maximum period of
      detention under the Act is one year, but in respect of certain activities and in
      specified areas highly vulnerable to smuggling, it may be extended to two years.
      The Customs Act, 1962, provides for penal sanctions against infringement of its
      provisions, including departmental adjudication in respect of smuggled goods,
      imposition of penalties and prosecution by a court of law, which in certain cases
      may impose a sentence of imprisonment of up to seven years. The Foreign Exchange
      Regulation Act, 1973, provides for confiscation of securities, moneys and
      properties arising from such offences as the unauthorized export or import of
      currency and nonbanking foreign exchange transactions. The existing central laws
      on narcotics--the Opium Acts, 1857 and 1878, and the Dangerous Drugs Act, 1930-
      contain provisions for confiscation of narcotics and related goods under certain
      circumstances. Since stringent measures generally lead to greater ingenuity and
      sophistication in methods of drug trafficking.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6570695
TI  - Commonwealth initiatives in the tracing, seizing, freezing and forfeiture of drug
      proceeds.
AB  - Commonwealth Law Ministers have recognized that improved domestic measures for
      tracing, seizing, freezing and forfeiting illegally acquired assets, including
      the proceeds of drug trafficking, should be complemented by international
      initiatives. To this end, the Commonwealth Secretariat is formulating a
      Commonwealth scheme for mutual judicial assistance in criminal matters to
      strengthen the ability of national authorities to investigate, prosecute and
      convict international drug traffickers. Work is also being done to develop model
      legislation governing the attachment of assets believed to have been illegally
      acquired. In addition, the Commonwealth Commercial Crime Unit has for the past
      three years been developing intelligence on illicit money operations relating to
      drug traffickers and other organized criminals. The Commonwealth Secretariat
      considers that the fight against organized drug crimes requires a wide-ranged
      response, including improved laws, greater training and education and increased
      international cooperation.

PMID- 6570696
TI  - Forfeiture of the proceeds of drug trafficking.
AB  - The Hodgson Committee in its report on "The Profits of Crime and Their Recovery",
      which is being examined by the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
      and Northern Ireland, made a number of recommendations relating to forfeiture and
      confiscation of the proceeds of crimes. The Committee, inter alia, recommended
      that the criminal courts should have the power to order the confiscation of the
      proceeds of crimes but that there should be a prescribed minimum amount below
      which no confiscation order could be made. This article comments on those
      recommendations relating to the proceeds of drug crimes, and suggests three
      possible ways of developing international cooperation to secure the tracing or
      confiscation of illegally acquired assets held abroad. The alternatives suggest
      either extending national laws to deal with these problems, in accordance with
      the provisions of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs; or following the
      example of Canada, where it is understood to be an offence to receive or possess
      the proceeds of crime irrespective of whether or not that crime took place in
      Canada; or developing a more extensive extra-territorial jurisdiction, for which
      there are precedents in the field of terrorism. One of the two annexes to this
      article describes recent initiatives within the Council of Europe to promote co
      operation in tracing, freezing and confiscation of assets arising from drug
      trafficking, and the other provides an example of bilateral agreement (Cayman
      Islands) on disclosure of banking arrangements.

PMID- 6570697
TI  - Forfeiture of the profits and proceeds of drug crimes.
AB  - Drug trafficking is controlled by well-organized international criminal
      syndicates, whose only motives for becoming involved are to make profits and
      secure influence, which in turn help perpetuate illicit drug distribution
      networks. For example, one producer of illicit opium receives approximately $Can
      650 for 10 kilograms of opium, from which one kilogram of heroin is produced and
      sold to end-users for up to $Can 12 million. The risks involved for those at the
      highest level of international criminal syndicates is extremely low since they
      are financiers who may never come in direct contact with illicit drugs or the law
      enforcement authorities. The proceeds of drug crimes are laundered through
      sophisticated international transactions often covered by legitimate operations.
      Current legislative provisions at both national and international levels are
      inadequate to support effective action to trace, freeze, seize and secure the
      forfeiture of the proceeds of crimes and to prosecute individuals who knowingly
      possess such proceeds. In pursuance of recent resolutions of the Commission on
      Narcotic Drugs, the Division of Narcotic Drugs of the United Nations Secretariat
      convened two expert group meetings, one in 1983 and the other in 1984, to
      consider ways and means of dealing with this problem. The meetings recommended
      the establishment of machinery that would facilitate, at both national and
      international levels, concerted action to deprive drug traffickers of the
      proceeds of their crimes. The annex to this article contains provisions
      recommended by the second expert group meeting for inclusion in an international
      instrument to supplement existing provisions of the international drug control
      treaties in order to deal more effectively with the profits of drug crimes.

PMID- 6570698
TI  - Forfeiture of the profits and proceeds derived from drug trafficking: thoughts on
      future action in Malaysia.
AB  - While the Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 of Malaysia has been amended to take into
      account changing patterns of drug abuse and trafficking, it lacks provisions for
      the mandatory forfeiture of proceeds derived from drug trafficking. Nor do the
      general powers of forfeiture in the Criminal Procedure Code of the country extend
      to such proceeds. To meet further changing patterns of drug trafficking involving
      criminal syndicate leaders, who rarely incriminate themselves through overt and
      detectable acts, Malaysia has a bill in Parliament the purpose of which, when it
      becomes law, is to detain without trial, upon cogent evidence, persons who have
      been associated with any activity relating to or involving drug trafficking, and
      to prevent them from further committing drug crimes. In addition, serious
      thinking has been given to the possibility of adopting, within the constraints of
      the Malaysian Constitution, a law on forfeiture of the proceeds derived from drug
      trafficking. There are, in this respect, several problems to be resolved, such as
      the secrecy of bank accounts and taxpayers' returns, which might make it
      difficult to trace proceeds and to keep track of tainted money being remitted
      abroad, although it is believed that such problems could be overcome by domestic
      measures. A more serious problem is the lack of international co-operation for
      investigations to be carried out outside national borders to trace, seize, freeze
      and secure the forfeiture of the proceeds of drug crimes located abroad.

PMID- 6570699
TI  - An assessment of legal measures to trace, freeze and confiscate the proceeds of
      drug crimes in France: the Customs viewpoint.
AB  - Well-organized drug traffickers and their associates use sophisticated methods,
      such as banking transactions, to conceal their illegally acquired assets under
      the cloak of quasi-legitimate operations. The Customs Code contains provisions
      that govern French Customs officials in their fight against drug crimes and the
      proceeds of such crimes. In any customs offence relating to illicit drugs, legal
      action is directed against all those associated with the offence. When convincing
      information is received on drug trafficking and the proceeds derived from it,
      customs officials are authorized, in conjunction with the police, to make house
      searches anywhere in the country, even if no court procedure has been initiated.
      The confiscation of property derived from drug crimes can be ordered only by a
      court of law. Once sentence has been pronounced, any illegally acquired property
      that has been seized is confiscated. The Customs check all financial movements,
      searching for any exchange infractions, and banking secrecy is not allowed to
      obstruct the performance of this function. Although legal provisions in France
      have proved effective, the results obtained in respect of confiscation of the
      proceeds of drug crimes have generally been limited. Insufficient international
      co-operation seems to a certain extent to account for this unsatisfactory
      situation and the author pleads for more effective co-operation between
      Governments in tracing and securing the confiscation of property derived from
      drug trafficking.

PMID- 6570700
TI  - Forfeiture of the proceeds of drug-related crimes: a Swedish point of view.
AB  - The Narcotics Drugs Act in Sweden provides for extensive legal means to trace,
      sequestrate and forfeit the proceeds of drug crimes. The sequestration and
      forfeiture orders are made by courts of law. As it is often difficult to prove
      connections between drug trafficking and property derived from it, certain
      possibilities of amending the national law are discussed with a view to
      overcoming these difficulties. Another problem arises when a court order to
      forfeit the proceeds of a given trafficking operation cannot be implemented, as
      those individuals to whom such order applies have neither domicile nor property
      in Sweden, though they may have property in their own country. Similarly,
      problems are also encountered when the proceeds of drug crimes are transferred
      abroad. Current co-operation between Governments does not provide effective
      measures to deal with these problems, and, for this reason, the authors are of
      the opinion that the Commission on Narcotic Drugs should consider the matter with
      a view to adopting an international agreement on mutual assistance between
      Governments in tracing, freezing and forfeiting the profits of drug crimes.

PMID- 6570701
TI  - Forfeiture of narcotics-generated wealth in the United States of America pursuant
      to the Comprehensive Forfeiture Act of 1984.
AB  - Trafficking in illegal narcotics and dangerous drugs exists mainly because it
      yields immense profits and it can be eradicated only by depriving traffickers of
      their drug derived profits and economic power. With that in mind and to cope more
      effectively with the problem, the United States Congress recently enacted the
      Comprehensive Forfeiture Act of 1984, which revised and strengthened the existing
      laws and procedures. This Act is comprised of four parts. Part A amends the
      forfeiture proceedings of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization
      (RICO) statute. Part B adds a new criminal forfeiture statute to the
      Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, which permits
      forfeiture in all drug felony cases. This newly created section of the Act also
      adopts other measures, a number of which are identical to those contained in part
      A of the RICO amendments. In addition, part B contains a civil forfeiture
      provision to reach land and buildings used to facilitate felonious drug offenses.
      Part C, inter alia, establishes a revolving fund for the use of the Department of
      Justice in enforcing forfeiture laws and amends existing provisions regarding the
      disposition of forfeited property. Part D sets up a Customs Forfeiture Fund.

PMID- 6570702
TI  - Effects of the new anti-mafia law on the proceeds of crime and on the Italian
      economy.
AB  - In 1982, the Italian authorities enacted a new law against the mafia conspiracy,
      which provided for the seizure and confiscation of property illegally acquired by
      criminals and their associates. This law is intended to strike at the
      accumulation of wealth of the mafiosi, which chiefly motivates their criminal
      activity. According to the established procedure, the district attorney or the
      chief of police are authorized to propose the seizure of property suspected of
      being derived from crimes, and a court of law decides either to accept or reject
      such a proposal and, where appropriate, orders the confiscation of illegally
      acquired assets. Two phenomena were identified, particularly in the southern part
      of Italy, which preceded the adoption of this new law: one was the establishment
      of an illegal sector of the economy with the development of a vast illicit market
      of drugs, and the other was an increase in the number of mafia firms and
      entrepreneurs. In some areas of western Sicily, for example at Palermo and
      Trapani, the income derived from illegal activities is estimated at approximately
      15 to 20 per cent of the total gross income; the illicit sale of drugs nation
      wide exceeds 10,000 billion lire, according to estimates. An assessment of the
      impact of the new law reveals positive results. In four provinces--Calabria,
      Campania, Lombardy and Sicily--property suspected of being derived from crimes
      was seized on 352 occasions and illegally acquired property was confiscated on
      108 occasions during a period of 21 months following the adoption of the new law;
      98 per cent of the seizures and all of the confiscations took place in the above
      mentioned four provinces. The effective enforcement of the new law is, in the
      long run, expected to result in a movement from illegal to legal activity; if the
      risk involved in persisting in illegal activities becomes high enough, it should
      trigger a tendency towards avoiding involvement in the illegal activities and
      converting the assets into property shares protected by legal means. A certain
      tendency towards such "legalization" and investment in financial affairs rather
      than in real estate, agriculture and tertiary assets has already been observed.
      It is, however, unlikely that the mafia will be inclined to give up easily its
      profits derived from crime and its power of influence in society, and,
      consequently, it is expected that the confiscation of the illegally acquired
      properties will for a long time be the cornerstone of every effective struggle
      against criminal activity on a large scale.

PMID- 6570703
TI  - [Communication patterns of health teaching and information recall].

PMID- 6570704
TI  - [Basic conditions of research: a discussion on Dr. Kishi's work on "communication
      pattern of health teaching and information recall"].

PMID- 6570705
TI  - [Definition of conceptual framework].

PMID- 6570706
TI  - [The concept of the cause-effect relationship].

PMID- 6570707
TI  - [Validity of research].

PMID- 6570708
TI  - [Classification of variables and statistical analysis].

PMID- 6570709
TI  - [Discussion on the "key concepts for the study and practice of nursing" by
      Marjorie L. Byrne and Lida F. Thompson].

PMID- 6570710
TI  - [Browsing through articles in English].

PMID- 6570711
TI  - [Reflection on my research activities].

PMID- 6570712
TI  - [Importance of ethics in research--an advice from an instructor].

PMID- 6570713
TI  - The nurse as a social force.

PMID- 6570714
TI  - The nurse as a social force in education.

PMID- 6570715
TI  - The nurse as an agent of change: an experience.

PMID- 6570716
TI  - Nurses in the streets: a new dimension for a meaningful change.

PMID- 6570717
TI  - The concept of touch.

PMID- 6570718
TI  - The powerlessness of the nurse and its effect on the client.

PMID- 6570719
TI  - Competencies of community health nursing in primary health care.

PMID- 6570720
TI  - [Central dilution service--a proposal by the Hospital Infection Control
      Committee].

PMID- 6570721
TI  - [The nursing teacher--actualization in the clinical field].

PMID- 6570722
TI  - [The nurse on duty in the Sao Paulo subway system--report of an experience].

PMID- 6570723
TI  - [Infant care in the first year of life--knowledge desired by a group of mothers].

PMID- 6570724
TI  - [Sociodrama with public health nursing students].

PMID- 6570725
TI  - [A proposal for the evaluation of nursing students based on the theories of
      Peplau and King].

PMID- 6570726
TI  - [What the nurse of the Ministry of Health is doing for school children].

PMID- 6570727
TI  - [Systematized nursing assistance--a learning experience].

PMID- 6570728
TI  - [Student-patient therapeutic relationship--report of an experience].

PMID- 6570729
TI  - [Study of teaching of nursing in transmissible diseases in Brazil].

PMID- 6570730
TI  - [Student-mentors: an experience in the basics of nursing].

PMID- 6570731
TI  - [Growth rate and sexual development of rats subjected to various degrees of food
      restriction].

PMID- 6570732
TI  - [Continuing education in public health nursing].

PMID- 6570733
TI  - [Student-centered teaching: students' report of experience with this method].

PMID- 6570734
TI  - [Teaching of basic procedures in the nursing laboratory].

PMID- 6570735
TI  - [Natural resources in practical cases of health care--utilization by the nurse].

PMID- 6570736
TI  - A Portuguese nursing thesaurus.

PMID- 6570737
TI  - [Theories of nursing--international conference].

PMID- 6570738
TI  - [Observations on nurses' behavior facing mothers in the pediatric ward].

PMID- 6570740
TI  - [Theoretical frame of reference].

PMID- 6570739
TI  - [Body composition, first estrus of rats subjected to various degrees of food
      restriction].

PMID- 6570741
TI  - [Behavior of nursing personnel at the admission of a child to the hospital].

PMID- 6570742
TI  - [Relactation: literature review].

PMID- 6570743
TI  - [Preparation for motherhood using a group structure].

PMID- 6570744
TI  - [Approach to risk in community health nursing].

PMID- 6570745
TI  - [Patients do not listen to medical superintendents].

PMID- 6570746
TI  - [Psychotic young people are treated without drugs in Norway].

PMID- 6570748
TI  - [Nurses ready for a concerted effort].

PMID- 6570747
TI  - [Reductions. Change in resources in hospitals].

PMID- 6570749
TI  - [Disease and nutrition. I. Recovery and nutrition are inextricably bound
      together].

PMID- 6570750
TI  - [Nursing requires knowledge and understanding and hence, research. Interview by
      Helle Kastholm Hansen].

PMID- 6570751
TI  - [Nurses feel that the clock has been turned back 20-30 years].

PMID- 6570753
TI  - [Only new statistics can describe a current problem].

PMID- 6570752
TI  - [Disease and nutrition. II. Relationship between quantity of food and nutritional
      requirements].

PMID- 6570754
TI  - [There are continually fewer of us to do more and more].

PMID- 6570755
TI  - [Conflict in Greenland: important that the blockade be effective].

PMID- 6570756
TI  - [Nurses' opponents should carry the responsibility].

PMID- 6570757
TI  - [Executive board. Examining of requirement recommendations from all county
      boards].

PMID- 6570758
TI  - [Unfair distribution of educational support for nurses].

PMID- 6570759
TI  - [Nursing care load. Testing of several systems of nursing care load measurement].

PMID- 6570760
TI  - [Middelfart. Development requires goal for nursing and a changed attitude.
      Interview by Helle Kastholm Hansen].

PMID- 6570761
TI  - [Death and dying. It gives peace of mind that other patients observe death
      without pain].

PMID- 6570763
TI  - [Management structure. Nursing is a secondary need of patients].

PMID- 6570762
TI  - [Drug administration. Patients ought to administer their medications themselves
      as much as possible].

PMID- 6570764
TI  - [Management structure. Nursing is a helping function for patients].

PMID- 6570765
TI  - [Work environment. Classification of hospital refuse is elucidated].

PMID- 6570766
TI  - [Nursing research is for you, for me and for patients].

PMID- 6570767
TI  - [Continuing education. Nursing colleges invite applications].

PMID- 6570768
TI  - [Norwegian discussion account on nurses' responsibility and education].

PMID- 6570769
TI  - [Continuing education. Practice instructors should be something else than role
      models].

PMID- 6570770
TI  - [Nurses stood alone during Hjorring conflict].

PMID- 6570771
TI  - [Psychiatry. Legislation for mental patients will be revised in a long list of
      countries].

PMID- 6570772
TI  - [Nurses' right to bargaining gathered together under one agency].

PMID- 6570773
TI  - [Nursing which aims at prevention needs to toil].

PMID- 6570774
TI  - [Productivity and efficiency. Nursing and change-over processes].

PMID- 6570775
TI  - [Great interest for the establishing of evening and around-the-clock home
      nursing].

PMID- 6570776
TI  - [Disease and nutrition. IV. Nutritional deficiencies in patients can be avoided].

PMID- 6570777
TI  - [Psychiatry. The need for education remains far away].

PMID- 6570778
TI  - [Lifelong professional nursing education].

PMID- 6570780
TI  - [Stressful experience in a radium department].

PMID- 6570779
TI  - [Management structure. Either nurses or physicians point at particular management
      models. Interview by Peter Hjorth].

PMID- 6570781
TI  - [Nursing care load. Newly started project on nursing care load measurement and
      patient classification].

PMID- 6570782
TI  - [Responsible nursing care together with patients].

PMID- 6570783
TI  - [No talks about a change in nursing management].

PMID- 6570784
TI  - [Our health is determined by psychosocial relationships].

PMID- 6570785
TI  - [Negative effects of psychosocial stress].

PMID- 6570786
TI  - [One should learn to take off without having a bad conscience].

PMID- 6570787
TI  - [Conditions for a stimulating and positive work environment].

PMID- 6570788
TI  - [Management structure: committee activities characterize various viewpoints on
      problem presentation].

PMID- 6570789
TI  - [A combination of suppression and elucidation].

PMID- 6570790
TI  - [FTF Congress: organizations must work together on agreements].

PMID- 6570791
TI  - [FTF Congress: organizations should be conscious of their responsibility].

PMID- 6570792
TI  - [FTF Congress: new president but not immediately full-time].

PMID- 6570793
TI  - [Security with misuse of ADP in nursing].

PMID- 6570795
TI  - [Budgeting and budget checking via computer].

PMID- 6570794
TI  - [Economy and quality in nursing].

PMID- 6570796
TI  - [Consequences of ADP in hospitals].

PMID- 6570797
TI  - [Data in nursing easier, safer and clearer].

PMID- 6570798
TI  - [The structure of ADP in hospitals].

PMID- 6570799
TI  - [Reductions. Deaconess foundation gives the last class of students a proficiency
      education themselves. Interview by Ulla Danielsen].

PMID- 6570800
TI  - [Management structure. Rigid departmental boundaries is a hindrance to resource
      redistribution].

PMID- 6570801
TI  - [Great responsibility lies with leaders in psychiatric nursing].

PMID- 6570802
TI  - [Health education. Nurses back health college's work foundation].

PMID- 6570804
TI  - [Such a development nurses don't want to experience again].

PMID- 6570803
TI  - [FTF Congress: agreement on decentralized structure].

PMID- 6570805
TI  - [Prevention in infants. Qualitative research now recognized by the medical
      faculty].

PMID- 6570806
TI  - [One's ability to lead can be seen in care].

PMID- 6570807
TI  - [Management structure. Norwegian hospitals were on the verge of a nurses'
      strike].

PMID- 6570808
TI  - [Management structure. Catastrophic for the profession to surrender management
      responsibility].

PMID- 6570809
TI  - [Management structure. Insecurities so great that we are ready to take a tough
      stand].

PMID- 6570810
TI  - [Management structure. What I want is a solution which works here and now].

PMID- 6570811
TI  - [Management structure. Hospital system ought to have a flat pyramid structure].

PMID- 6570812
TI  - Learning needs of cardiac patients.

PMID- 6570813
TI  - Why don't members come to meetings? A survey of membership and attendance.

PMID- 6570814
TI  - Alcohol is a hard drug. Part II.

PMID- 6570815
TI  - The role of the infant health nurse.

PMID- 6570816
TI  - Work related child care.

PMID- 6570817
TI  - Community health issues.

PMID- 6570818
TI  - Nursing management of the patient with hepatitis B.

PMID- 6570819
TI  - Nursing of infants with pulmonary hypertension following repair of a
      diaphragmatic hernia.

PMID- 6570820
TI  - Training to be assertive--Part A.

PMID- 6570821
TI  - The issue of privatisation and related problems in the public health sector.

PMID- 6570822
TI  - Health and health services.

PMID- 6570823
TI  - The forgotten women.

PMID- 6570824
TI  - Stress, substance use and the nurse.

PMID- 6570826
TI  - Religion of school, perceptions of nursing, and work values.

PMID- 6570825
TI  - Institutionalization and its accompanying family traumas.

PMID- 6570827
TI  - Some thoughts on teaching student nurses human sexuality.

PMID- 6570828
TI  - QNU staffing survey - sound familiar?

PMID- 6570829
TI  - Cardiac rehabilitation.

PMID- 6570830
TI  - Nurse education--shaping up for 1985.

PMID- 6570831
TI  - Shift work and nurses.

PMID- 6570832
TI  - Putting the hard word on politicians--and keeping them to their promises.

PMID- 6570833
TI  - 6 per cent claim lodged: NSW Public Sector Unions Alliance.

PMID- 6570834
TI  - Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

PMID- 6570836
TI  - The Richmond Report on Mental Health.

PMID- 6570835
TI  - Nurse education seminar. Industrial and professional implications.

PMID- 6570837
TI  - Self care in health. Paper 1.

PMID- 6570838
TI  - Puerperal depression--Linda's story.

PMID- 6570839
TI  - Shift work rostering and circadian rhythms.

PMID- 6570840
TI  - Job sharing.

PMID- 6570841
TI  - A fair day's pay for work of equal value.

PMID- 6570842
TI  - Aged care.

PMID- 6570843
TI  - Sexual harassment.

PMID- 6570844
TI  - Report on the 38-hour week.

PMID- 6570845
TI  - The Anti-Discrimination Act and you.

PMID- 6570846
TI  - Women and labour conference.

PMID- 6570847
TI  - Health services as pensioners see them within the community.

PMID- 6570848
TI  - Alcohol is a hard drug. Part 1.

PMID- 6570850
TI  - When your patients ask about race and maternity problems.

PMID- 6570851
TI  - Drugs and herbal remedies.

PMID- 6570849
TI  - Recent trends in childbirth in France.

PMID- 6570852
TI  - Health visitors role during an outbreak of diphtheria.

PMID- 6570853
TI  - Glue sniffing--the facts.

PMID- 6570854
TI  - The maternity department at Ipswich.

PMID- 6570855
TI  - The year of the rat.

PMID- 6570856
TI  - Cot deaths.

PMID- 6570857
TI  - Hearing protection and the role of health education.

PMID- 6570858
TI  - Toughening up the laws on industrial noise.

PMID- 6570859
TI  - Something to shout about.

PMID- 6570860
TI  - A nurse-based group OH service--a viable proposition?

PMID- 6570861
TI  - Safety: why not act to prevent falls?

PMID- 6570862
TI  - Compliance with outpatient lithium therapy.
AB  - This study was conducted to identify factors that influence compliance in
      patients being treated with lithium carbonate and regularly scheduled supportive
      clinic appointments for major affective disorders. The researcher examined the
      predictive value of elements of the Health Belief Model relative to patient
      compliance, the demographic characteristics of patients, and the effects of
      patient mood and type of treatment on patient compliance. Patient compliance was
      operationally defined as serum lithium level within a recommended therapeutic
      range and attendance at 75 percent or more of regularly scheduled clinic
      appointments for six months prior to the study. Fifty patients (67%) were
      compliant with both indices specified by the research, and only three patients
      (4%) were noncompliant with both indices. Lithium compliance was significantly
      greater among married patients and patients with higher levels of education.
      Appointment-keeping compliance was positively associated with individual therapy
      and increased patients' perceptions of continuity, and negatively correlated with
      patients' perceptions of increased costs of treatment. The study demonstrates the
      complexity of the issue of patient compliance with the long-term treatment of
      primary affective disorders and supports the need for additional research. While
      some findings suggest interventions to improve patient adherence, scrutiny and
      testing of these strategies to promote compliance is necessary to determine their
      effectiveness.

PMID- 6570863
TI  - Bowen's concept of triangles and Edward Albee's "Who's Afraid of Virginia
      Woolf?".

PMID- 6570864
TI  - Therapist self-disclosure: when is it appropriate?

PMID- 6570865
TI  - The concept of shame.

PMID- 6570866
TI  - A family systems look at the developmentally disabled.
AB  - In summary, families of the developmentally disabled need to be looked at in
      terms of their system wholeness. Interacting elements of the subsystems have
      unique concerns and coping styles. Psychiatric nurses are in a key position in
      the mental health scene to assess these coping styles and to offer compassion,
      understanding, knowledge, and needed resources to assist these overburdened
      families to move in the direction of openness, growth, and health.

PMID- 6570868
TI  - "The fragile princess." Midway on the borderline-narcissistic personality
      continuum.

PMID- 6570867
TI  - The Arab American and psychiatric care.

PMID- 6570869
TI  - [Nursing intervention for the patient whose death is imminent].

PMID- 6570870
TI  - [Beliefs of mothers in relation to vaccination].

PMID- 6570871
TI  - [Changes in intestinal elimination habits in hospitalized patients].

PMID- 6570872
TI  - [How the hospitalized patient perceives the environment of the ward].

PMID- 6570873
TI  - [Introduction of birth centers in the State of Bahia].

PMID- 6570875
TI  - [Administrative analysis in nursing--study in the field of O & M (organization
      and methods)].

PMID- 6570874
TI  - [Innovations in nursing care to orthopedic patients].

PMID- 6570876
TI  - [Knowledge and opinions of the population about disease].

PMID- 6570877
TI  - [Supervision by health aides in primary health care programs].

PMID- 6570878
TI  - [Coxarthrosis].

PMID- 6570879
TI  - [Radiologic examination of the non-traumatic hip].

PMID- 6570881
TI  - [Aortic insufficiency].

PMID- 6570880
TI  - [Angela, Paule, Colette and their coxarthoses].

PMID- 6570883
TI  - [Serology of syphilis].

PMID- 6570882
TI  - [Hyperhidrosis].

PMID- 6570884
TI  - [Immunosuppressive therapy].

PMID- 6570885
TI  - [Professional dermatoses].

PMID- 6570886
TI  - [Chronobiologic approach to shift work].

PMID- 6570887
TI  - [Children, caregivers, parents together].

PMID- 6570888
TI  - [Viral pneumopathies].

PMID- 6570889
TI  - [Helene, a nurse in Norway].

PMID- 6570890
TI  - [Resuscitation ambulances of the fire department of Paris. A rescue link in the
      Parisian region].

PMID- 6570891
TI  - [The saga of departmentalization].

PMID- 6570892
TI  - [Who should be vaccinated against the hepatitis B virus currently in France?].

PMID- 6570894
TI  - [The nurse and the hypertensive patient in daily life].

PMID- 6570893
TI  - [Revival of professional values].

PMID- 6570895
TI  - [Postoperative infection in gynecology and obstetrics].

PMID- 6570897
TI  - [Ovarian cysts].

PMID- 6570896
TI  - [Technic: antacids].

PMID- 6570898
TI  - [Open trauma of the hand].

PMID- 6570900
TI  - [Diapering in abduction].

PMID- 6570899
TI  - [Early detection of congenital hip luxation in the newborn infant].

PMID- 6570902
TI  - [What can we learn from the Finnish health system?].

PMID- 6570901
TI  - [Fibrinolytic treatment in the acute phase of myocardial infarct].

PMID- 6570903
TI  - [Health services in the year 2000. Crisis--or merely a problem of coordination?].

PMID- 6570904
TI  - [Nationwide study: how great is the need for nurses?].

PMID- 6570905
TI  - [Infection hazard in the hospital: tuberculosis is not eradicated in Norway].

PMID- 6570907
TI  - [A milestone in nursing's history: Norwegian Nursing College to the University].

PMID- 6570906
TI  - [Home nursing provisions in Ostfold. Similarities and differences between
      communities].

PMID- 6570909
TI  - [Disappointed nurses: don't travel to Saudi Arabia!].

PMID- 6570908
TI  - [Psychiatry Conference in Tromso. Why don't nurses want a job in B departments?].

PMID- 6570910
TI  - [Sister Astrid with the chairman's gavel: we convey the voice of the regions.
      Interview by Anita Widen].

PMID- 6570911
TI  - [A day in the collective gardens. Interview by Viveka Holmertz].

PMID- 6570913
TI  - [Staff and patients neglected].

PMID- 6570912
TI  - [Action program on anesthesia gases: pregnant employees should have the right to
      change positions. Interview by Inger Lernevall].

PMID- 6570914
TI  - [Newspaper survey provides respite for night duty].

PMID- 6570915
TI  - [Labor Safety Board has different viewpoint: working with cytostatics not
      hazardous for pregnant women].

PMID- 6570916
TI  - [That's why 1300 employees occupy their place of work. "Hospital closure gets the
      poor no health care"].

PMID- 6570917
TI  - [Fear disappears with play and talk].

PMID- 6570919
TI  - [Ann-Charlotte works in a Namibian refugee camp].

PMID- 6570918
TI  - [Physician shortage is problem for nurses. Extra responsibility and difficult to
      plan].

PMID- 6570920
TI  - [Swedish Ann new spokesperson for European student organization. Interview by
      Viveka Holmertz].

PMID- 6570921
TI  - [I actually don't have the heart to...].

PMID- 6570922
TI  - [Substitutes should get permanent employment].

PMID- 6570923
TI  - [Changes entail a lot of psychological stress].

PMID- 6570924
TI  - [Dialysis incident in Linkoping. SHSTRF does its own investigation].

PMID- 6570925
TI  - [Today's data technology cannot improve health care activities. Interview by
      Viveka Holmertz].

PMID- 6570926
TI  - [Continuous education for managers in Gallivare].

PMID- 6570927
TI  - [In women's group drug addicts will remain the customary mothers].

PMID- 6570929
TI  - [Ever more patients seek help with acupuncturists, homeopaths and zonal
      therapists].

PMID- 6570928
TI  - [Preventive maternal care saves lives in Guinea-Bissau].

PMID- 6570930
TI  - [Alternative medicine should be investigated now. Social Welfare Board doesn't
      want to lose its control].

PMID- 6570931
TI  - [Midwife gave acupuncture as analgesia in childbirth: during the last stage the
      woman was free of pain. Interview by Inger Lernevall].

PMID- 6570933
TI  - [Portrait: Miriam Hirschfeld. Interview by Jan Thomasson].

PMID- 6570932
TI  - [TBV district on a study trip to Spain: "miserable economy is the root of all
      evil"].

PMID- 6570934
TI  - [Manuel got his job back].

PMID- 6570935
TI  - [SHSTF report: extended education for laboratory assistants].

PMID- 6570936
TI  - [Please doctors, write so one can read it for safety's sake!].

PMID- 6570937
TI  - [Large stake in occupational health care].

PMID- 6570938
TI  - [Nurse who became health care administrator: now she will abolish her own job.
      Interview by Elisabeth Magnusson].

PMID- 6570939
TI  - [Health care hierarchy impedes development].

PMID- 6570940
TI  - [Lisbeth is a nurse and has her own acupuncture consultation. Interview by Inger
      Lernevall].

PMID- 6570942
TI  - [Satisfied mothers in a smoke-free maternity ward: easy to avoid the temptations
      of the smoking-room. Interview by Anita Widen].

PMID- 6570941
TI  - [Nurses' fault that patients starve].

PMID- 6570943
TI  - [Convention delegates say yes to agreement].

PMID- 6570944
TI  - [Dont shut down our schools].

PMID- 6570945
TI  - [Working women--brackets in history?. Interview by Anita Widen].

PMID- 6570946
TI  - [Food in long term care: a vital question of comfort].

PMID- 6570947
TI  - [Pneumoconiosis in workers in the cement industry].

PMID- 6570948
TI  - The plasma kallikrein kinin system in severely ill and traumatised patients.
AB  - Serial estimations of plasma prekallikrein in four critically ill patients in
      intensive care showed reduced values in each case, suggesting activation of the
      plasma kallikrein kinin system. In contrast, samples taken early from 15 patients
      attending an accident and emergency department with multiple trauma showed
      significantly elevated plasma prekallikrein concentrations; the significance of
      this observation is at present unclear.

PMID- 6570949
TI  - [Changes in kininogens, kininogenases and fibrinolysis in the blood of
      parturients].

PMID- 6570950
TI  - In search of holistic family assessment: an investigation of a clinical
      instrument.

PMID- 6570951
TI  - The hospital of broken dreams: a systematic investigation of a moribund
      psychiatric hospital.

PMID- 6570952
TI  - Techniques for group psychotherapy on inpatient units.

PMID- 6570953
TI  - Factors affecting blame placement for patient assault upon nurses.

PMID- 6570954
TI  - Prediction of potential against medical advice discharges in psychiatric
      settings.

PMID- 6570955
TI  - The schizophrenic clients reinforcement and punishment for medication adherence.

PMID- 6570956
TI  - Life satisfaction in the minority elderly.

PMID- 6570957
TI  - Theoretical models and interventions used by nurse psychotherapists.

PMID- 6570958
TI  - Theoretical basis for nursing diagnosis in mental health nursing.

PMID- 6570959
TI  - Identification as an appropriate component of therapeutic growth and development.

PMID- 6570960
TI  - Stepfather family dynamics: an overview for therapists.

PMID- 6570961
TI  - The nurse's role with mentally retarded clients: teacher, advocate, listener,
      doer.

PMID- 6570962
TI  - Osteoporosis: implications for community health nursing.

PMID- 6570963
TI  - The mentally retarded adult: a nursing perspective.

PMID- 6570964
TI  - Multiple sclerosis: the nurses' role using a self-care framework.

PMID- 6570965
TI  - Caregiver stress in the older adult.

PMID- 6570966
TI  - Hypertension screening for Hispanics.

PMID- 6570967
TI  - Selected school health-education topics in grades 7 through 12: an exploratory
      study.

PMID- 6570969
TI  - [Nursing diagnosis].

PMID- 6570968
TI  - [Life at Minnesota University School of Nursing. 16].

PMID- 6570970
TI  - [Leadership in nursing: who takes the leadership where and how].

PMID- 6570971
TI  - [Study on social status of nurses in modern history of nursing in Japan].

PMID- 6570972
TI  - [Health and Welfare Ministry. Recommendations on the improvement of nursing
      system].

PMID- 6570973
TI  - [Caring for a dying family member--how to prepare for death].

PMID- 6570974
TI  - [Rights of psychiatric patients. The case of Mr. K--medical and nursing care that
      respects the patient's dignity].

PMID- 6570975
TI  - [Rights of psychiatric patients. Patient's rights and role of the nurse].

PMID- 6570976
TI  - [Rights of psychiatric patients. Violence at psychiatric hospital].

PMID- 6570977
TI  - [Rights of psychiatric patients. Circumstances that led to the recent
      maltreatment of patients at Utsunomiya Psychiatric Hospital].

PMID- 6570978
TI  - [Rights of psychiatric patients. Legal issues in psychiatric medicine].

PMID- 6570979
TI  - [Rights of psychiatric patients. Problems surrounding medical supervision of
      patients at psychiatric hospitals: frightful facts revealed by Utsunomiya
      Psychiatric Hospital scandal].

PMID- 6570980
TI  - [Right of psychiatric patients. Care of psychiatric patients at Yadokari-no
      sato].

PMID- 6570981
TI  - [Rights of psychiatric patients. Patients' rights: my experience in the United
      States].

PMID- 6570982
TI  - [Social issues in history of nursing after World War II. 2. Medical malpractice
      and nursing].

PMID- 6570983
TI  - [Teaching party at nursing school--for better imagination].

PMID- 6570984
TI  - [Interview with Rosemarie Parse on man-living-health].

PMID- 6570985
TI  - [Teaching poetry at nursing school--for better imagination].

PMID- 6570987
TI  - [Study on social status of nurses in modern history of nursing in Japan].

PMID- 6570986
TI  - [Medical topics: chlorophenol and cancer/spiral bacteria in stomach].

PMID- 6570988
TI  - [Nursing education in the baccalaureate programs: dialog].

PMID- 6570989
TI  - [A science of unitary human being--a paradigm for nursing].

PMID- 6570990
TI  - [Humanity in health care].

PMID- 6570992
TI  - [Essentials of the Roy adaptation model].

PMID- 6570991
TI  - [Interview with Dr. Rogers].

PMID- 6570993
TI  - [Interview with Sister Roy].

PMID- 6570994
TI  - [Implications of conceptual frameworks for nursing practice to health care
      consumers].

PMID- 6570995
TI  - An exploratory study of the compliance of patients to their medical regimen.

PMID- 6570996
TI  - Neonatal urine output patterns.

PMID- 6570997
TI  - Theoretical framework for independent nursing practice.

PMID- 6570998
TI  - Caring-curing orientations for nurses, students and physicians.

PMID- 6570999
TI  - [Pneumoconiosis due to inhalation of dust of the end-product of cement].

PMID- 6571000
TI  - Research on women and health care: influence of sociocultural factors.

PMID- 6571001
TI  - Elderly women's attitudes toward sexual activity among their peers.

PMID- 6571002
TI  - Women and coronary artery disease: a review of the literature.

PMID- 6571003
TI  - The changing role of rural women: nursing and health implications.

PMID- 6571004
TI  - Emotional response of primary and repeat cesarean mothers to the cesarean method
      of childbirth.

PMID- 6571005
TI  - Maximizing preparation for childbirth.

PMID- 6571006
TI  - Can prenatal teaching promote maternal attachment? Practicing nurses test Carter
      Jessop's prenatal attachment intervention.

PMID- 6571007
TI  - Qualitative research: the nurse as grounded theorist.

PMID- 6571008
TI  - An examination of perinatal death literature: implications for nursing practice
      and research.

PMID- 6571009
TI  - Adjusted control: an explanation for women's positive perceptions of their
      pregnancies.

PMID- 6571010
TI  - Breastfeeding as a maternal-child team effort: women's perceptions.

PMID- 6571011
TI  - The effect of prenatal nipple conditioning on postpartum nipple pain on
      breastfeeding women.

PMID- 6571012
TI  - The effects of a regular aerobic exercise program on selected measures of the
      stress response.

PMID- 6571013
TI  - Nursing care of the depressed patient: a cognitive approach.

PMID- 6571014
TI  - Helping students survive institutionalized patients and burn-out in staff in
      chronic psychiatric care facilities.
AB  - In summary, we have discussed the problem of institutionalized patients and burn
      out in staff as well as the effect they both have on nursing students during
      their mental health-psychiatric nursing rotation. The stages in which specific
      student behaviors occur during the psychiatric nursing rotation as a result of
      the students' perceptions, and the interventions faculty members can employ in
      decreasing the subjective aspects of these perceptions have also been presented.
      We conclude that nursing students will emerge from their experience with better
      understanding of institutionalization and burn-out, and better equipped to cope
      with reality shock if they are introduced to these concepts early in the lecture
      series and are sent to a variety of psychiatric care facilities for observational
      experience. The facilities selected should be those in which patients are coping
      with less chronic behavior problems than found in state hospitals and where
      observable behavioral changes in patients are measured in weeks or months, rather
      than years. Facilities such as outpatient clinics and crisis intervention centers
      where clients may be more stabilized, less overwhelming, and have more resources
      available to them would meet these criteria. Finally, we recommend that
      instructors be made more aware than they are of the institutionalization and burn
      out process early in their teaching responsibilities; that faculty group
      discussions on institutionalization as maladaptive behavior be held; and that the
      faculty encourage an open atmosphere where students can discuss their reactions
      to institutionalization in patients and burn-out in staff freely.

PMID- 6571016
TI  - Supervising graduate students in family therapy.

PMID- 6571015
TI  - Students' perceptions of learning and change in the psychiatric clinical setting.
AB  - In an attempt to augment our understanding of how students learn, we employed an
      open-ended questionnaire to elicit students' and pre- and post-experience
      thoughts and feelings about their psychiatric nursing clinical activities. The
      questionnaire also asked students to identify specific factors that helped bring
      about change in their initial thoughts and feelings. Analysis of these data
      revealed that students overwhelmingly identified clinical experience and self
      awareness as the primary change-producing factors, and
      lecture/readings/assignments, teachers, and peers as secondary. We, therefore,
      must infer that it is at the experiential and cognitive level that learning is
      most likely to occur, and it would seem that the "raw" components (assignments,
      teachers, and peers) provide the stimulus for students to reorganize previous
      perceptions to integrate then with their newly acquired perceptions in the
      promotion of learning/change. This finding has implications for the role of the
      clinical instructor as she or he attempts to enhance the experiential learning
      process. The perceptions of the students in this study suggest that learning
      occurs primarily through experience and self-awareness within the context of a
      structured environment. The implication would seem to be that in the clinical
      setting the instructor needs to go beyond the didactic role of the traditional
      teacher to a more facilitative managerial role in the promotion of student
      learning. Whether or not the student perceives the clinical instructor as a
      central figure in the learning/change process is of minor importance. Of prime
      importance is that the instructor assumes the responsibilities inherent in this
      managerial role and creates an experiential milieu in which learning objectives
      can be more optimally fulfilled.

PMID- 6571017
TI  - [Work in nursing: conditions and alternatives].

PMID- 6571018
TI  - [Preparing the patient's bed].

PMID- 6571019
TI  - [Frequency of students' attendance at the nursing laboratory as a free optional
      activity].

PMID- 6571020
TI  - [Evaluation of infants' health in the 0-to-6-month period through the health
      center's nursing consultation of Passo Fundo--1982].

PMID- 6571021
TI  - [Study proposal for student-centered teaching at the 3rd-year level].

PMID- 6571022
TI  - [Teaching and the practice of the rehabilitation of motor skills and verbal
      communication in general hospitals. A comparison between nursing instructors and
      service staff].

PMID- 6571023
TI  - [Teaching plan for the discipline of psychiatric nursing].

PMID- 6571024
TI  - [Organizational structure--the nursing service in the organic structure of the
      hospital].

PMID- 6571025
TI  - [Rendering first aid in cardiorespiratory arrest].

PMID- 6571026
TI  - [Estimation of the gestational age of the newborn infant by Capurro's method by
      the nurses and physicians working in the Neonatology Unit of Porto Alegre
      Clinical Hospital].

PMID- 6571027
TI  - [Anxiety state in classroom situations and nursing internships].

PMID- 6571028
TI  - [General concepts of the systems approach to the educational activity of the
      nurse].

PMID- 6571029
TI  - [The place of the Brazilian woman and the place of the Brazilian nurse].

PMID- 6571030
TI  - [Behavior of the kallikrein-kinin system on alcohol ingestion].

PMID- 6571031
TI  - [Experience in carrying out primary nursing].

PMID- 6571033
TI  - [276 patients with scrub typhus: observations and nursing].

PMID- 6571032
TI  - [Care for patients with connective tissue diseases using combined traditional
      Chinese and western medicine].

PMID- 6571035
TI  - [Experience in making nursing rounds in the psychiatric ward].

PMID- 6571034
TI  - [Early care of patients with acute insecticide poisoning].

PMID- 6571036
TI  - [Menstruation care for female patients with mental disorders].

PMID- 6571037
TI  - [Intravenous antibiotic perfusion in chronic osteomyelitis].

PMID- 6571038
TI  - [Use of intraoperative autotransfusion].

PMID- 6571039
TI  - [Pre- and postoperative care of patients undergoing operations for W-P-W
      syndrome].

PMID- 6571040
TI  - [Nursing of elevated injured extremities].

PMID- 6571041
TI  - [Postoperative care of patients undergoing extracranial-intracranial bypass
      operations].

PMID- 6571042
TI  - [Nursing of children with benign esophageal stenosis after the colon
      interposition operation].

PMID- 6571043
TI  - [Total laryngectomy and verbal rehabilitation].

PMID- 6571044
TI  - [Auto-bile refusion apparatus and its use].

PMID- 6571046
TI  - [Talks with nurses].

PMID- 6571045
TI  - [How to deal with women's menopause].

PMID- 6571047
TI  - [Genetics and genetic diseases (VI)].

PMID- 6571048
TI  - [How to write papers on nursing].

PMID- 6571049
TI  - [Transmission electron microscopy of elastin in elastase emphysema].

PMID- 6571051
TI  - [Nursing diagnosis].

PMID- 6571050
TI  - [My diary].

PMID- 6571052
TI  - [Study of social status of nurses in the modern history of nursing].

PMID- 6571053
TI  - [Division of work--its structure and dynamics. Current status of division of work
      and job analysis].

PMID- 6571054
TI  - [JNA information: equal pay law and nursing personnel].

PMID- 6571055
TI  - [Nurse--an important member of health team].

PMID- 6571057
TI  - [Division of work--its structure and dynamics. Report from clinical settings:
      medical department].

PMID- 6571056
TI  - [Division of work--its structure and dynamics. Clarification of division of
      work].

PMID- 6571058
TI  - [Division of work--its structure and dynamics. Expansion of nursing into the
      realm of relative medical activity].

PMID- 6571059
TI  - [Division of work--its structure and dynamics. Report from clinical settings:
      neurosurgery department].

PMID- 6571060
TI  - [Division of work--its structure and dynamics. Report from clinical settings:
      obstetrical department].

PMID- 6571061
TI  - [Division of work--its structure and dynamics. Report from clinical settings:
      intensive care unit].

PMID- 6571062
TI  - [Division of work--its structure and dynamics. Report from clinical settings: at
      a hospital in New York].

PMID- 6571063
TI  - [Teaching poetry at a nursing school--for better imagination. 14].

PMID- 6571064
TI  - [Oral administration of zinc; vitamin A surplus and anemia].

PMID- 6571065
TI  - [Life at Minnesota University School of Nursing. 18].

PMID- 6571066
TI  - Attribution theory and its application in crisis intervention.

PMID- 6571067
TI  - Beyond patient management: the therapeutic use of seclusion and restraints.

PMID- 6571068
TI  - Marital therapy from a systems approach.

PMID- 6571069
TI  - Planned change: an innovative nursing rehabilitation model.

PMID- 6571071
TI  - [FTF Congress: an attitude towards culture is important for developments].

PMID- 6571070
TI  - Relationships at risk: issues and interventions with a disturbed mother-infant
      dyad.

PMID- 6571072
TI  - [Executive Board: mapping out of nursing's professional development projects].

PMID- 6571073
TI  - [Nutrition. With cow's milk allergy goat's milk is a poor alternative and ought
      to be discouraged].

PMID- 6571074
TI  - [Nutrition. Goat's milk can be extremely beneficial in cow's milk allergy].

PMID- 6571075
TI  - [Do district burgomasters and nurses see standardization applications?. Interview
      by Ulla Danielsen].

PMID- 6571076
TI  - [South Africa: "stay away from occupational politics or you will lose your job"].

PMID- 6571077
TI  - [Intuition and its significance in care].

PMID- 6571079
TI  - [Clinical teaching in Norwegian nursing education].

PMID- 6571078
TI  - [Life after paralysis? A qualitative study of how cerebral apoplexy affects
      peoples' living conditions and quality of life].

PMID- 6571080
TI  - [Health and nursing research in Denmark].

PMID- 6571081
TI  - [Nursing research from a professional didactic viewpoint].

PMID- 6571082
TI  - [Balanced course--a psychiatric nurse's working day. A qualitative comparative
      analysis of how 'Grounded Theory' is used as a method].

PMID- 6571083
TI  - [Quality care and health care research].

PMID- 6571084
TI  - [Health care sciences and health care research; advantages and availability].

PMID- 6571085
TI  - [The connecting link of research and researchers' education in the Stockholm
      region].

PMID- 6571086
TI  - [Nursing research--does it make a difference?].

PMID- 6571087
TI  - Nurses urged to allay fears of AIDS in schools.

PMID- 6571088
TI  - The seven ages of cancer.

PMID- 6571089
TI  - Royal College of Nursing. The real victims; rewarding cuts.

PMID- 6571090
TI  - Has to be a more open attitude to society membership.

PMID- 6571091
TI  - Nurse education--an endless enigma.

PMID- 6571092
TI  - Nursing and measurement.

PMID- 6571093
TI  - [Teenagers who have children. Mothers' groups give them the guts].

PMID- 6571094
TI  - [She continues research to prepare children. Interview by Viveka Holmertz].

PMID- 6571095
TI  - [New regulations proposed for patient's integrity].

PMID- 6571096
TI  - [Polish visit to Umea: Zofia and Krystyna arrive after 3 years of waiting.
      Interview by Viveka Holmertz].

PMID- 6571097
TI  - [Incontinent patients seek help after year of silence. Interview by Viveka
      Holmertz].

PMID- 6571098
TI  - [Eva--organization for women with cancer burdened by taboos].

PMID- 6571099
TI  - [Groups other than district nurses more adept at handling preventive care].

PMID- 6571100
TI  - [Newly graduated midwives remain in Africa. Village midwives' instruments are few
      but they can depend on their knowledge].

PMID- 6571101
TI  - [Alcoholics in a drying-out unit. Waking up is an important period in
      treatments].

PMID- 6571102
TI  - [SHSTF is no women's organization].

PMID- 6571103
TI  - [Political choice, own enterprise and industries, responsibility for health care:
      Histadrut--a unique professional organization. Vardfacket in Israel].

PMID- 6571104
TI  - [It is socially complicated to be a nurse in a kibbutz. Interview by Jan
      Thomasson].

PMID- 6571105
TI  - Violent deaths among children in the United States, 1900-1980. An epidemiologic
      study of suicide, homicide and accidental deaths among 5- to 14-year-olds.
AB  - The authors examined the violent death rates among children aged 5-14 years in
      the United States from 1900 to 1980. For homicides and non-motor-vehicle accident
      deaths, 5- to 14-year-olds are at a lower risk than any other age group; for
      suicides and motor-vehicle accident mortality, only 0- to 4-year-olds have lower
      rates. Males tend to have higher rates than females for all forms of violent
      deaths for 5- to 14-years-olds. Nonwhites are at greater risk of dying by
      homicide and non-motor-vehicle accidents than whites; for suicide, whites are at
      greater risk; and for motor-vehicle accidents, nonwhites are currently at greater
      risk, with white children having been at greater risk earlier in the century. The
      epidemiologic time trends throughout the 20th century for 5- to 14-year-olds are
      quite similar to other ages for non-motor-vehicle accidents, but show some
      differences from other age groups in homicide, motor-vehicle accident mortality
      and, especially, suicide patterns. Various psychobiological perspectives as well
      as socioenvironmental issues are discussed as possible means of enhancing an
      understanding of the low violent death rates among 5- to 14-year-olds.

PMID- 6571106
TI  - Childhood injury control.
AB  - Control of the widespread, life-threatening 'disease', injury, requires
      prevention of (1) events which cause injury; (2) injury when such events occur,
      and (3) unnecessary severity when an injury occurs. Educating children and their
      parents about the danger has not been enough. Strategies developed in concordance
      with the epidemiological model successful in controlling many infectious diseases
      are available. Chosen strategies must work when used, and they must be used.
      Those which require frequent action on the part of individuals are not as
      desirable as more automatic or 'passive' protection. When automatic protection
      has not been achieved, incentives can be added to promote behavior change on the
      part of parents and children or on the part of decision makers who control the
      risk of injury for many. Childhood injury control requires the coordinated
      efforts of all interested in the welfare of children.

PMID- 6571107
TI  - Violent deaths among adolescents in Switzerland. From epidemiology to prevention.
AB  - Violent deaths, including accidental deaths, suicides and homicides, are the main
      cause of mortality among people aged between 1 and 24 in Switzerland, as in the
      majority of industrialized countries. During the last 10 years there has been a
      considerable increase in violent deaths in the 15- to 24-year age range, but this
      has not been so for other age groups. This article sets out the details of this
      evolution and makes certain comparisons with other Western countries. In the
      second part it describes some specific and nonspecific means of prevention, while
      taking into consideration the reasons for this situation. It finishes by
      examining the role of medical practitioners in such prevention.

PMID- 6571109
TI  - Fatal motor vehicle crashes involving teenagers.
AB  - The major health problem for teenagers is deaths and injuries associated with
      motor vehicle use. Teenagers are disproportionately involved in fatal crashes
      both as drivers and passengers; as drivers they are responsible for the crash
      deaths of many other people including non-teenagers. There are public policies
      available that would substantially reduce the deaths and injuries that result
      from teenagers driving, although they have not been widely applied.

PMID- 6571108
TI  - Epidemiology of violent deaths in children and adolescents in the United States.
AB  - Injuries are the largest cause of death in children and adolescents after the
      first year of life. Injuries more than any other disease result in 3.5 million
      years of potential life lost. Poor children are particularly at risk of dying
      from trauma, particularly fires and drownings. The patterns of different types of
      childhood injuries are discussed, including motor vehicle occupants, pedestrian,
      bicycle and motorcycle injuries, fire and flame injuries, drownings and firearm
      deaths. For each of these, possible preventive strategies suggested by injury
      epidemiology are given. Intentional injuries from suicide and homicide are
      included because of similarities in epidemiology and prevention. The article also
      outlines areas where few effective strategies are available and where further
      research should be concentrated.

PMID- 6571110
TI  - Prevention of road accidents in Australia.
AB  - Since 1970, the Australian road fatality rate has been reduced by two-thirds.
      Legislation for compulsory wearing of seat belts reduced the vehicle occupant
      fatality rate by more than one-third. Drunk driving countermeasures have included
      the 0.05 g% legal limit and mandatory disqualification, random breath testing,
      compulsory blood alcohol tests on all road crash casualties and a zero blood
      alcohol limit for learner and probationary drivers and motor cyclists. Since 1977
      there has been a steady reduction in the proportion of driver and motor cyclist
      fatalities and casualties with illegal blood alcohol concentrations. Helmet
      wearing is compulsory for motor cyclists. A one-third reduction in accidents with
      injury among learner and probationary motor cyclists followed legislation
      restricting them to machines of 260 cm3 maximum engine capacity. Safety helmet
      wearing has been recently popularized among pedal cyclists and legislation is
      anticipated which will make approved safety helmet wearing mandatory. A
      considerably smaller reduction in our road toll would have occurred if
      Australians had been unwilling to accept countermeasures opposed by civil
      libertarians.

PMID- 6571111
TI  - Epidemiologic trends in firearm suicides among adolescents.
AB  - Total and firearm suicide rates in the United States from 1933 to 1982 were
      examined by 5-year age groups for males and females 10-24 years of age. Both
      total and firearm suicide rates increased in all groups from low points in the
      1950s until the 1970s. Rates continued to climb for young people 10-19 years of
      age, but declined for 20- to 24-year-olds. The proportion of the total suicide
      rate due to firearms increased from approximately half in the 1930s to nearly two
      thirds in the early 1980s. In all three age groups, female suicides used firearms
      in nearly the same proportion as males. Whether or not the increasing
      availability of firearms is one of the many causes of the rise in young suicides
      is unknown.

PMID- 6571112
TI  - Epidemiologic characteristics of child homicides in Atlanta, 1970-1980.
AB  - Homicide is now among the five most common causes of death in children. As part
      of an epidemiologic investigation of a cluster of related homicides of children
      in Atlanta from 1979 to 1981, data were reviewed concerning background cases that
      occurred from 1970 through 1980. Homicides of children under the age of 16 years
      occurred in every year (median 5/year) in a bimodal distribution with peaks in
      children under 2 years old and 13-15 years old. Although firearms and knives were
      the most common weapons in older children, physical force predominated in those
      under 8 years old. In most cases, the victims knew their assailants. Family
      members accounted for 91% of the perpetrators when the victims was less than 2
      years old. Homicide rates for black children were higher than those for caucasian
      children; for both groups, rates for children residing in census tracts of low
      socioeconomic status were about twice those in higher status tracts. These
      findings reflect trends observed nationally and suggest avenues for public health
      interventions.

PMID- 6571113
TI  - Fatal child abuse: analysis of 24 cases.
AB  - Analysis of 24 cases of fatal child abuse reveals that multi-disciplinary review
      can assist in the determination of whether fatal injury was accidental or non
      accidental. All cases had both a 'discrepant history' and some 'delay' in seeking
      care. The predisposing child factor was inconsolable crying in infants under 12
      months, and was associated with a bowel or bladder accident or diaper change in 9
      of 12 cases where children were over 1 year of age. Head injury accounted for 17
      of the 24 deaths.

PMID- 6571115
TI  - The child born with ambiguous genitalia: family assessment and nursing
      intervention.

PMID- 6571114
TI  - Suicide and attempted suicide among children and adolescents. A transcultural
      study.
AB  - Official statistics on suicides among children and adolescents in West Germany
      and Japan were used to compare transcultural social and psychiatric data on 108
      German and 103 Japanese suicides and attempted suicides. This analysis revealed
      characteristic differences with respect to the following variables: ratio of
      attempted and accomplished suicide, age, method, integrating problems at school,
      alcohol and drug dependence, relationships with the opposite sex, broken homes,
      and number of friends. Based on these findings, the suicidal tendencies and
      social backgrounds of patients from both of these highly industrialized countries
      are discussed.

PMID- 6571116
TI  - Parents' reactions to pediatric critical care settings: a review of the
      literature.

PMID- 6571117
TI  - Maternal and paternal stress reactions when a child is hospitalized in a
      pediatric intensive care unit.

PMID- 6571118
TI  - Incorporating play into the care of the hospitalized child.

PMID- 6571119
TI  - The development of an instrument to measure perceived emotional, instrumental,
      and informational support in breastfeeding mothers.

PMID- 6571120
TI  - When hospitalization becomes an "everyday thing".

PMID- 6571121
TI  - Nursing home abuse: the tragedy continues.

PMID- 6571122
TI  - Certification: implications for nurses.
AB  - Certification is an attainable goal for all nurses within a variety of practice
      settings. Certification brings a special meaning to the profession. It allows
      nurses to take control and assume full responsibility for their competency,
      accountability, and professional identity.

PMID- 6571123
TI  - Patient education evaluation: beyond intuition.
AB  - Intuitive ideas about problem areas gleaned from the literature as well as
      practice settings can provide nurses with a multitude of patient education
      evaluation issues. The nurse who is interested in evaluating patient education
      should review existing studies in the literature, sampling both process and
      outcome. Thoughtful planning and implementation of a patient education study can
      be personally satisfying. In addition, such an undertaking will contribute to the
      body of knowledge in patient education and provide valuable information to other
      patient educators. It is natural that nurses should pursue the rewards of patient
      education evaluation for themselves and their patients.

PMID- 6571124
TI  - Autonomy in nursing.

PMID- 6571125
TI  - The current status of nursing research.

PMID- 6571126
TI  - Challenge within the community: crisis intervention for society's unemployed.
AB  - Unemployment is a human concern which requires individual assistance with the
      crisis, the sequelae, and the treatment plan. Varying degrees of assistance for
      obtaining information in matters of health, for receiving anticipatory planning
      and therapeutic counseling, and for resolving the crisis are needed for the
      unemployed to regain a life that is meaningful and manageable. Crisis
      intervention for the unemployed is definitely nursing's social responsibility
      when one considers the human suffering associated with unemployment. Situational
      crises are areas of concern for all of nursing, but community mental health,
      public health, and clinic nurses are the ones most likely to be involved in the
      care of the unemployed. They are in the unique position to identify those among
      the unemployed who are physically or emotionally at high risk as well as to
      accept the responsibility for initiating preventive measures to deter disabling
      health disorders.

PMID- 6571127
TI  - [Nursing orientation--an important factor in the adjustment of mastectomized
      women. A contribution to nursing care].

PMID- 6571128
TI  - [The nursing team facing the problem of individualized care for the terminal
      patient].

PMID- 6571129
TI  - [Process of adaptation of the laryngectomized patient].

PMID- 6571130
TI  - [Nursing care in a tertiary care unit for diabetics].

PMID- 6571131
TI  - [Participant research--an alternative in nursing].

PMID- 6571132
TI  - [Factors affecting the implementation of a nursing care model--an alternative
      proposal].

PMID- 6571134
TI  - [Analysis of the implementation of nursing care planning in the nursing units of
      a teaching hospital].

PMID- 6571133
TI  - [Preliminary study on standards of psychiatric nursing care].

PMID- 6571135
TI  - [Dental hygiene--an account of experience with a mothers' group].

PMID- 6571136
TI  - [Experience with the implementation of oral rehydration therapy of the State
      Secretariat of Health of Sergipe].

PMID- 6571137
TI  - [Autonomic dysreflexia--an emergency or not?].

PMID- 6571138
TI  - [Obstacle to communication at the Rehabilitation and Social Integration Center--a
      functional or structural consequence?].

PMID- 6571139
TI  - [Critical analysis of the use of control records in intensive therapy units
      (ITUs)].

PMID- 6571140
TI  - [Health volunteers--myth or reality? The preliminary elements of an evaluation of
      9 years of experience in the Murialdo Community Health System, Rio Grande do
      Sul].

PMID- 6571141
TI  - [Interdisciplinary integration in the nursing degree course at the Federal
      University of Ceara. An account of our experience].

PMID- 6571142
TI  - [Nursing an nutrition internship. A modality for teacher-assistant integration].

PMID- 6571144
TI  - Involuntary pregnancy loss research and the implications for nursing.

PMID- 6571143
TI  - [The water bed and the alpist bed in the prevention of decubitus ulcers].

PMID- 6571145
TI  - Fetal alcohol syndrome: human and infrahuman disorders.

PMID- 6571146
TI  - A very special child: his mother's story.

PMID- 6571147
TI  - Exercise: a holistic approach for the treatment of the adolescent psychiatric
      patient.

PMID- 6571148
TI  - Post violence dialogue: perception change through language restructuring.

PMID- 6571149
TI  - Beliefs and values of the client with chronic mental illness regarding treatment.

PMID- 6571150
TI  - The universal enervating triad: psychopharmaceutical considerations of anxiety,
      schizophrenia, and depression.

PMID- 6571151
TI  - Descriptive differences between black and white suicide attempters.

PMID- 6571152
TI  - The student nurse and the borderline patient.

PMID- 6571153
TI  - Outpatient management of anorexia nervosa.
AB  - The outpatient management of anorexia nervosa is described according to four
      levels of approach: identification, information, intervention, and intensive
      treatment. On the first level, emphasis is laid upon early detection and positive
      diagnosis of anorexia nervosa by focusing on behavioral and attitudinal features
      of the patient. In mild or benign cases confrontation and information may suffice
      to induce a rapid reversal of the symptoms. This second level includes
      (confronting or reassuring) medical clarification and general educational
      instruction in order to allow the parents to handle the problem themselves. A
      considerable number of patients, however, require more specific interventions -
      the third level of problem management. A concrete procedure involving the patient
      and the family in a directive, problem-specific and contractual approach is
      presented. Finally, several patients need an intensive and mostly multifaceted
      treatment program. On this level, the limits of outpatient therapy must be
      seriously questioned.

PMID- 6571154
TI  - Anorexia nervosa. Transcultural comparisons.
AB  - The psychological characteristics of anorectic patients were compared in studies
      in Germany and in North America. German adolescent patients scored significantly
      lower on the Eating Attitude Test and the Eating Disorder Inventory than did
      Canadian patients. On the other hand, self-image as measured by the Offer Self
      Image Questionnaire was strikingly similar among German and American adolescent
      anorectics.

PMID- 6571155
TI  - Role of physical activity in the etiology and treatment of childhood obesity.
AB  - Children in the United States are getting fatter and less active. Some childhood
      obesity undoubtedly develops from overeating but underactivity contributes to
      this condition. Various studies document less movement and lower intensity of
      activity in obese youth. An increase in physical activity is desirable since the
      health-related fitness components of flexibility, muscular and cardiovascular
      endurance can be improved in addition to the primary goal of body fat reduction.
      Evidence from animal studies suggests that exercise may alter adipose cell
      proliferation as well as total fat mass if initiated during growth. Regaining the
      natural inclination of children to be physically active may require efforts by
      physicians, parents, schools and special clinics. An increase in physical
      activity during childhood may help prevent chronic adult diseases related to
      inactivity and obesity.

PMID- 6571156
TI  - A comprehensive treatment plan for obese children and adolescents: principles and
      practice.
AB  - The problem of obesity in children must be identified early and treated
      seriously. The long-term psychological, social, and medical consequences of
      childhood obesity can be quite serious. Behavior modification has shown new
      promise compared to the discouraging results of traditional approaches such as
      inpatient starvation, the use of appetite suppressants, and dietary counseling.

PMID- 6571157
TI  - Nutrition intervention and health risk reduction in childhood: creating healthy
      adults.
AB  - Reducing health risk factors in childhood is a critical component of well-child
      pediatric care. Risks to eventual adult health status must be considered with
      equal importance as risks to the child's immediate health. Heart disease, cancer
      and stroke risk begins in childhood, when risk factors, especially obesity and
      positive family history, may easily be identified. Obese children (and those at
      high risk of obesity based on parental obesity) constitute a special group of
      children for whom chronic disease risk factor evaluation is of particular
      importance. This is based on observations that cardiovascular risk factors tend
      to aggregate among obese children (similar to adults), particularly with respect
      to elevated blood pressure, elevated serum cholesterol and triglycerides, and
      decreased cardiovascular response to exercise. In addition, many obese
      adolescents adopt cigarette smoking with the notion that it may aid weight
      reduction, thereby compounding their risk status. Risk reduction in childhood can
      be successfully approached both through school-based programs incorporating risk
      evaluation with health education curricula, or by relatively simple office- or
      clinic-based procedures designed to evaluate and track risk status over time.
      Such practices, though not currently prevalent, are increasingly being
      incorporated into routine pediatric care, especially following the American
      Association of Pediatrics Nutrition Committee's recommendations with respect to
      children with positive family histories for early coronary events.

PMID- 6571158
TI  - Adherence of Staphylococcus strains to human urinary and buccal epithelial cells.
AB  - 91 strains of Staphylococci belonging to different species were investigated for
      their adhesive capacity to urinary and buccal human epithelial cells. Furthermore
      the adherence of the same bacterial strains was evaluated in relation with their
      methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant properties. S. aureus showed an
      high adhesion to buccal and urinary cells; S. saprophyticus and S. epidermidis
      attached mainly to uroepithelial cells and to buccal cells, respectively.
      Bacterial strains, either sensitive or resistant to methicillin antibiotic, did
      not exhibit significant differences of adhesive capacity.

PMID- 6571159
TI  - The code of nurses and wrongful discharge.

PMID- 6571160
TI  - Nurses' attitudes regarding acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

PMID- 6571161
TI  - Compliance and related nursing actions.

PMID- 6571162
TI  - The masculine and feminine in nursing.

PMID- 6571163
TI  - Selected characteristics of male registered nurses in New Jersey.

PMID- 6571164
TI  - Conducting research as a group.

PMID- 6571165
TI  - Critical care nurse becomes critical care patient.

PMID- 6571166
TI  - A mental health professional looks at nursing care.

PMID- 6571167
TI  - The use of insulin pump therapy in adolescents.
AB  - Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) systems have been used in
      diabetes management since the mid-1970s. Investigators have reported encouraging
      results with CSII use in adult subjects with dramatically improved glucose
      control, reversal of some complications, and high acceptance and compliance
      rates. We have studied 10 adolescents and 3 young adults using CSII for diabetes
      management. Only the three young adults (ages 20, 24, 34 years) have had markedly
      improved metabolic control, sustained pump use, and made adequate psychological
      adjustment to CSII therapy. Adolescent subjects, (ages 9-17 years), experienced
      problems with peer acceptance of pumps, had difficulty with infusion needle
      insertion and skin care, were unable to perform home blood glucose monitoring
      consistently, made nonadvised manipulations of insulin dosage and reported
      mechanical problems with CSII devices more frequently than the young adult
      subjects. Mean duration of CSII use in adolescent subjects (6.1 months) was
      significantly less than mean use (30.6 months) among the young adults (p less
      than 0.01). Currently, adults appear to have greater success than adolescents in
      using CSII for diabetes management.

PMID- 6571168
TI  - Quantification and validation of the Jones basic needs assessment tool.

PMID- 6571169
TI  - Application of the Jones adaptation model with a neurosurgical patient.

PMID- 6571170
TI  - Adaptation of the Jones adaptation model with a cardiovascular patient.

PMID- 6571171
TI  - The Jones adaptation model for nursing--toward effective energy.

PMID- 6571172
TI  - Amyloid A proteins in different species.
AB  - Amyloid A (AA) proteins were purified from canine and bovine idiopathic amyloid
      and casein-induced hamster amyloid. The molecular weights of these proteins were
      in the same range (8,000-10,000) as those reported for AA proteins from man and
      other animal species. The amino acid compositions were comparable as well.
      Antisera against human, bovine, canine and hamster protein AA were tested with
      the indirect immunoperoxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) method and the indirect
      immunofluorescence technique on amyloid-containing human, bovine, canine and
      hamster tissue sections. Antihuman protein AA serum did not cross-react with
      hamster protein AA. In all the other combinations, cross-reactions were observed.
      Because of the high similarity of these different AA proteins, the amyloid
      diseases in the species mentioned can serve as interchangeable models to
      investigate the pathogenesis of AA amyloidosis.

PMID- 6571173
TI  - Ultrastructural investigation of amyloidosis. Pathogenesis of systemic
      amyloidosis.
AB  - Three types of ultrastructural changes in the cell membrane observed in the
      formation and accumulation of amyloid fibrils in systemic amyloidosis were
      described: in type I change (contact loss type), unusual dilatation of the
      intercellular gaps accompanied by occasional disappearance of the tight junction
      and desmosomes appeared. Type II change (indentation or cystic invagination type)
      showed cone-shaped indentations or cave-like cystic invaginations. Type III
      change (surface fold type) consisted of newly developed or inherent surface
      folds. The widened intercellular gaps of type I, advanced indentation or
      invagination of type II and the disrupted surface folds of type III resulted in
      atrophy of the cells and final replacement by amyloid. The author believes that
      amyloid fibrils are produced by many cells, not by a certain specific cell,
      extracellularly.

PMID- 6571174
TI  - Syntactic findings in developmental verbal apraxia.
AB  - Spontaneous language samples of eight children diagnosed as presenting
      developmental verbal apraxia were analyzed in terms of their mean length of
      utterance, Developmental Sentence Scores, use of 14 grammatical markers, and yes
      no and wh-question forms. Although MLUs were greater than the range associated
      with stage V syntactic development, all children demonstrated difficulties with
      stage V and beyond grammatical markers and many omitted stage II markers.
      Developmental Sentence Scores were generally well below chronologic age
      expectations and revealed notable difficulties with personal pronoun and main
      verb selection. Omissions or noninversions of auxiliary and/or copulas in yes-no
      and wh-questions were apparent. Omissions of regular and irregular third-person
      singular markers, inconsistent use of regular and irregular past tense, and
      difficulty with question transformations provide evidence that at least some of
      the errors presented by this group of apraxic children cannot be attributed to
      motor speech and/or phonologic limitations but rather they evidence concomitant
      syntactic disorders.

PMID- 6571175
TI  - The use of nonverbal pragmatic behaviors by language-impaired and normal-speaking
      children.
AB  - The use of six nonverbal pragmatic behaviors was investigated for three groups of
      subjects. The experimental group (LI) consisted of 20 language-impaired children
      who were in stages III and IV of linguistic development. One control group (NSY)
      consisted of 20 normal-speaking children equated with the experimental group on
      the basis of mean length of utterance. Another control group (NSO) consisted of
      20 normal-speaking children equated with the experimental group by chronologic
      age. The NSY were younger, whereas the NSO were of the same age as the LI. Two
      individuals observed each child and a peer playing with toys and recorded the
      presence of the six behaviors for each subject. The LI and the NSY and the NSO
      did not differ significantly for five behaviors. Play was the only behavior that
      distinguished the groups. The clinical implications of the results are discussed.

PMID- 6571176
TI  - Some acoustic characteristics of oral reading by ten- to twelve-year-old
      children.
AB  - In contrast to the amount of information available on acoustic characteristics of
      adults' effective speech, little data are available on children's vocal
      effectiveness. A study, therefore, has been initiated to examine the relationship
      between some acoustic characteristics and listener judgments of children's vocal
      effectiveness. This paper reports the results of the first part of the study,
      that is, the acoustic analysis of oral reading by 36 10- to 12-yr-old children.
      The voice fundamental frequency characteristics, speaking time, pause time, and
      phonation-time ratio were measured using an automatic analysis method. Effects of
      the passage, repeated readings, and speaker sex are discussed.

PMID- 6571177
TI  - Communicative disorders in a group of adult female offenders.
AB  - Fifty female offenders ranging in age from 18 to 44 yr from the Purdy Treatment
      Center for Women (Washington state) were individually screened for articulation,
      hearing, receptive language, fluency (stuttering), and voice disorders. Results
      indicate that 44% of the 50 women evidenced a dysfunction in one or more of these
      areas.

PMID- 6571178
TI  - Prevalence of speech and hearing disorders in a state penitentiary population.
AB  - Speech and hearing screening was conducted with 136 inmates incarcerated at the
      Mississippi State Penitentiary. The prevalences found for articulation and for
      fluency disorders were comparable to prevalence figures reported for the general
      population, whereas the prevalence figures for voice and hearing disorders among
      the sample group were appreciably higher. The demographics of the subject group
      as to age, sex, offender status, educational background, and receipt of previous
      speech/hearing evaluation are reported and discussed relative to screening
      failure.

PMID- 6571179
TI  - Phonetic influences on stuttering in monolingual and bilingual stutterers.
AB  - The difficulty stutterers might have with individual sounds was investigated with
      respect to two modes of speaking (oral reading versus spontaneous speech) and two
      languages (English versus Kannada). Ten monolingual and ten bilingual stutterers
      read 16 lists of words (8 in each language). Analysis of stuttering was made with
      respect to a three-way classification of sounds (vowels, voiceless consonants,
      and voiced consonants) as well as an eight-way classification (short vowels, long
      vowels, voiceless stops, voiceless fricatives, voiced stops, voiced fricatives,
      nasals, and semivowels). Analysis was made with respect to both word-initial and
      total stuttering. The results indicated that both monolingual and bilingual
      stutterers were more dysfluent on voiceless consonants and especially on
      voiceless fricatives, when total stuttering was considered. Results of the
      analysis of word-initial stuttering on an eight-way classification of sounds
      showed that the bilingual stutterers stuttered more on the nasal sounds. The
      results of the bilingual comparison indicated the possibility that the phonetic
      influences on stuttering might be dependent on the number of languages spoken by
      the subjects as well as the specific language in which the effects were observed.

PMID- 6571180
TI  - Acoustic characteristics: tracheoesophageal speech.
AB  - This study examined differences among five tracheoesophageal, four esophageal,
      and five laryngeal speakers on the acoustic parameters of intensity and duration.
      Each subject repeated 14 prerecorded model sentences and prolonged phonation of
      three vowels. Analogue prints of the voice samples were obtained, and measures
      were subjected to parametric statistical analysis. Differences among groups
      indicate that the tracheoesophageal speakers are more like normal speakers than
      are esophageal speakers, indicating that surgical procedures such as the
      tracheoesophageal puncture are a significant rehabilitative alternative for the
      laryngectomee.

PMID- 6571181
TI  - Certain problems of long-term drug treatment.

PMID- 6571182
TI  - Recurrency rate influencing effect on intravesical Lycurim treatment in
      transurethrally resected bladder tumours.

PMID- 6571183
TI  - Favourable effect of combined Miscleron-Xavin treatment on HDL-cholesterol level.

PMID- 6571185
TI  - Clinical observations made with Kalium-R depot tablet in hypokalaemic conditions.

PMID- 6571184
TI  - Gramurin (oxolinic acid) treatment in acute enterocolitis accompanied by the
      discharge of bloody stool.

PMID- 6571186
TI  - Acupuncture dilemma: paramedical magic or potential anaesthetic method?

PMID- 6571187
TI  - Dissolution of uric acid-urate stones and prophylaxis of recurrency with
      Magurlit.

PMID- 6571188
TI  - Mechanism of action and clinical use of Ca++-antagonists.

PMID- 6571189
TI  - Effect of Catergen [(+)cyanidanol-3] on some haemostatic parameters in chronic
      liver diseases.

PMID- 6571190
TI  - Usefulness of 5% lidocaine ointment (EGYT) in internal medicine.

PMID- 6571191
TI  - Therapeutic effect of Potesept syrup in infancy and young childhood.

PMID- 6571192
TI  - Use of Calypsol anaesthesia in gynaecology.

PMID- 6571193
TI  - Treatment of essential tremor with Sertan.

PMID- 6571194
TI  - Observations with Pyassan in the treatment of urinary tract infections.

PMID- 6571195
TI  - Experiences with tobramycin in polyresistant bacterial urological infections.

PMID- 6571196
TI  - Importance of No-Spa and Probon combination in the conservative treatment of
      ureterolithiasis patients.

PMID- 6571197
TI  - Use of phenylbutazone in locomotor and vascular diseases.

PMID- 6571198
TI  - Advanced age and drugs.

PMID- 6571199
TI  - The role of civilization injuries in the development of hypertension.

PMID- 6571200
TI  - Further data referring to oxolinic acid (Gramurin) treatment of shigellosis,
      salmonellosis and urinary tract infections.

PMID- 6571201
TI  - Observations with cavinton treatment in acute cerebral ischaemic conditions.

PMID- 6571202
TI  - Antibacterial action of prenylamine (Corontin) on streptococci.

PMID- 6571203
TI  - Examinations of interactions in the course of the simultaneous use of cavinton,
      saluretic and beta-receptor blocker with special regard to blood pressure.

PMID- 6571204
TI  - Treatment of constipation of hospitalized patients suffering from internal
      diseases with Tisasen A + B coated tablet.

PMID- 6571205
TI  - Examinations with Anteovin, a biphasic contraceptive.

PMID- 6571206
TI  - Susceptibility and resistance of bacterial strains to brulamycin from isolated
      surgical material.

PMID- 6571208
TI  - Biotechnology.

PMID- 6571207
TI  - Evaluation of the clinical efficiency of brulamycin in the treatment of
      infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts.

PMID- 6571209
TI  - The future of biotechnology.

PMID- 6571210
TI  - Molecular variants of proteins: biosynthesis and clinical relevance.
      Introduction.

PMID- 6571211
TI  - Structural homology of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits.

PMID- 6571212
TI  - Clinical biochemistry of alcoholism.

PMID- 6571213
TI  - Sensory evoked potentials: a system for clinical testing and patient monitoring.
AB  - There is increasing interest in the use of averaged sensory evoked potentials for
      diagnostic testing and patient monitoring. This testing technique offers an
      opportunity to obtain information on function in the central nervous system and
      can be used in uncooperative and comatose patients. However, in the clinical
      situation background noise is often high, due for example to posturing by the
      patient, and even with extensive signal averaging it can be difficult to
      determine whether a response is present. This paper describes a data acquisition
      technique we have implemented for patient testing in the intensive care unit and
      the operating room to facilitate analysis of the responses. The averaging system
      delivers the stimulus in the middle of the data window, providing a pre-stimulus
      control interval from which to estimate residual background noise in the average.
      In addition, two averages are formed simultaneously to determine reproducibility
      of the response. This technique has been modified to provide a method of
      continuous monitoring that allows rapid detection of large changes in the
      response plus automatic tracking of selected response peak parameters.

PMID- 6571214
TI  - Pitfalls with mass spectrometry in clinical anesthesia.
AB  - Mass spectrometry of respired gases puts a powerful analytic tool into the hand
      of the clinician. However, serious misinterpretations may result if the principle
      of operation and certain weaknesses of spectrometry are not appreciated. The
      potential pitfalls of clinical mass spectrometry are related to the need to have
      one unit serve many patients and to the design of the spectrometer and its
      algorithms.

PMID- 6571215
TI  - Inspired and end-tidal gas concentration and alveolar ventilation: concurrent
      breath-by-breath measurement.
AB  - A system is described which concurrently measures, breath-by-breath, the inspired
      and end-tidal concentrations of five gases, and alveolar and total ventilation.
      Gas concentrations are measured by means of a quadrupole mass spectrometer and
      mixed-expired carbon-dioxide concentration, required for the computation of
      alveolar ventilation, is computed as the volume-weighted average of expired
      carbon dioxide.

PMID- 6571216
TI  - Many gene-regulatory proteins appear to have a similar alpha-helical fold that
      binds DNA and evolved from a common precursor.
AB  - Amino acid and DNA sequence comparisons suggest that many sequence-specific DNA
      binding proteins have in common an homologous region of about 22 amino acids.
      This region corresponds to two consecutive alpha-helices that occur in both Cro
      and cI repressor proteins of bacteriophage lambda and in catabolite gene
      activator protein of Escherichia coli and are presumed to interact with DNA. The
      results obtained here suggest that this alpha-helical DNA-binding fold occurs in
      many proteins that regulate gene expression. It also appears that this DNA
      binding unit evolved from a common evolutionary precursor.

PMID- 6571218
TI  - Transitions and transversions in evolutionary descent: an approach to
      understanding.
AB  - In this paper I lay a quantitative theoretical groundwork for understanding the
      proportions of the possible types of base substitutions observed between 12 genes
      sharing a common ancestor and isolated from extant species. The experimentally
      observed types of base substitution between two sequenced genes do not give a
      direct measure of the types of base substitutions that occur during evolutionary
      descent. However, by use of a statistical assemblage of these observations, we
      can recover, without the assumption of parsimony, the conditional base
      substitution probabilities that determine this descent. Three methods - direct
      count, regression, and informational entropy maximization - are described by
      which these probabilities can be estimated from experimental data. The methods
      are complementary in that each is most useful for somewhat different types of
      experimental data. These methods are used to study the ratio of transversions to
      transitions during gene divergence. Though this ratio is not constant during
      divergence, it does approach a stable limiting value that in principle can vary
      from zero, corresponding to 100% transition differences, to infinity,
      corresponding to 0% transition differences. In practice the limiting ratio tends
      to hover around a value of two, which is expected on a random basis. However,
      base substitution pathways that are very nonrandom also may lead to a limiting
      ratio of exactly two, so that such a value is not diagnostic for random pathways.
      The limiting ratio can be directly calculated from a knowledge of the twelve
      conditional probabilities for each type of base substitution, or from a knowledge
      of the equilibrium base composition of the DNAs compared. An expression is given
      for this calculation. Fifteen years ago Jean Derancourt, Andrew Lebor and Emile
      Zuckerkandl (1967), analyzing the amino acid sequence of globin chains coded by
      nuclear genes, made the original observation that the proportion of transition
      differences decreases with increasing evolutionary time. Recently Brown et al.
      (1982) and Brown and Simpson (1982) have reported a decrease in the observed
      proportion of transition differences in mitochondrial DNA with increasing
      evolutionary divergence. The conditions that must be satisfied for this type of
      behavior to occur at stable base composition and with stable base substitution
      probabilities are defined. Multiple substitutions per se do not lead to a
      decrease in transition differences with increasing evolutionary divergence.

PMID- 6571217
TI  - A prevalent persistent global nonrandomness that distinguishes coding and non
      coding eucaryotic nuclear DNA sequences.
AB  - Coding sequences of eucaryotic nuclear DNA were characterized by an excess of
      short runs and a deficit of long runs of weak and of strong hydrogen bounding
      bases; non-coding sequences by a deficit of short runs and an excess of long
      runs, in the same of purines and of pyrimidines. The conservation of these
      attributes across DNA sequences coding for proteins of widely different function,
      across widely different eucaryotic species for the same protein and across
      related genes that diverged a long time ago and that now show large differences
      in base and, if coding, amino acid sequence suggested that these attributes have
      survival value. It was concluded that these attributes constitute probalistic
      constraints on the primary structure (base sequence) of both coding and non
      coding DNA.

PMID- 6571219
TI  - Origin of the duplicated ribonuclease gene in guinea-pig: comparison of the amino
      acid sequences with those of two close relatives: capybara and cuis ribonuclease.
AB  - The amino acid sequences of the pancreatic ribonuclease from capybara
      (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and cuis (Galea musteloides) were determined. Both
      species belong to the same superfamily of the hystricomorph rodents as the guinea
      pig. In guinea-pig pancreas two ribonucleases are present as a result of a recent
      gene duplication, but in capybara and cuis pancreas only one single ribonuclease
      has been found. A most parsimonious tree of ribonucleases indicates that the gene
      duplication leading to both guinea-pig ribonucleases occurred before the
      divergence of guinea-pig from capybara and cuis. This would mean that changes in
      expression of the ribonuclease genes have occurred in these taxa. Cuis and
      capybara ribonuclease have no Asn-X-Ser/Thr sequences and are carbohydrate-free
      proteins. Capybara ribonuclease has leucine at position 114, a position occupied
      by proline in the cis-configuration in bovine pancreatic ribonuclease.

PMID- 6571220
TI  - Accuracy of estimated phylogenetic trees from molecular data. II. Gene frequency
      data.
AB  - The accuracies and efficiencies of three different methods of making phylogenetic
      trees from gene frequency data were examined by using computer simulation. The
      methods examined are UPGMA, Farris' (1972) method, and Tateno et al.'s (1982)
      modified Farris method. In the computer simulation eight species (or populations)
      were assumed to evolve according to a given model tree, and the evolutionary
      changes of allele frequencies were followed by using the infinite-allele model.
      At the end of the simulated evolution five genetic distance measures (Nei's
      standard and minimum distances, Rogers' distance, Cavalli-Sforza's f theta, and
      the modified Cavalli-Sforza distance) were computed for all pairs of species, and
      the distance matrix obtained for each distance measure was used for
      reconstructing a phylogenetic tree. The phylogenetic tree obtained was then
      compared with the model tree. The results obtained indicate that in all tree
      making methods examined the accuracies of both the topology and branch lengths of
      a reconstructed tree (rooted tree) are very low when the number of loci used is
      less than 20 but gradually increase with increasing number of loci. When the
      expected number of gene substitutions (M) for the shortest branch is 0.1 or more
      per locus and 30 or more loci are used, the topological error as measured by the
      distortion index (dT) is not great, but the probability of obtaining the correct
      topology (P) is less than 0.5 even with 60 loci. When M is as small as 0.004, P
      is substantially lower. In obtaining a good topology (small dT and high P) UPGMA
      and the modified Farris method generally show a better performance than the
      Farris method. The poor performance of the Farris method is observed even when
      Rogers' distance which obeys the triangle inequality is used. The main reason for
      this seems to be that the Farris method often gives overestimates of branch
      lengths. For estimating the expected branch lengths of the true tree UPGMA shows
      the best performance. For this purpose Nei's standard distance gives a better
      result than the others because of its linear relationship with the number of gene
      substitutions. Rogers' or Cavalli-Sforza's distance gives a phylogenetic tree in
      which the parts near the root are condensed and the other parts are elongated. It
      is recommended that more than 30 loci, including both polymorphic and monomorphic
      loci, be used for making phylogenetic trees. The conclusions from this study seem
      to apply also to data on nucleotide differences obtained by the restriction
      enzyme techniques.

PMID- 6571221
TI  - The instability of the autogen.
AB  - The autogen theory has sought to provide a mechanism for the rapid origin of a
      self-replicating chemical system from short, random oligomers. The autogen is
      considered in terms of hypercycle theory, and its dynamic behavior is subjected
      to fixed point analysis. It is shown that the components of the autogen are
      incapable of stable coexistence.

PMID- 6571222
TI  - A comparison of adenine and some derivatives on pig isolated tracheal muscle.
AB  - We studied the muscle relaxation induced by adenine and several adenine
      derivatives in strips of tracheal smooth muscle from pigs; in addition their
      metabolism by the tissue was examined. Adenine relaxed tissue which was
      contracted by carbachol, histamine, or KCl. Adenine's potency was similar to that
      of adenosine and ATP (threshold about 4 X 10(-5)M). In tissues with carbachol
      induced tone, the adenine effect differed from adenosine and ATP by being slower
      in onset and in 'washout' time. Furthermore, neither dipyridamole nor
      theophylline modified the response to adenine. The relationship was examined
      between pharmacological effects and the metabolism of [3H]-adenosine and [3H]
      adenine. Both substrates were taken up by the tissue and converted to
      nucleotides, but relaxation correlated with nucleotide accumulation only in the
      case of [3H]-adenine. We conclude that the site and mechanism of adenine-induced
      relaxation is different from that of adenosine and ATP in porcine tracheal
      muscle.

PMID- 6571223
TI  - Inhibition by propranolol of the contractile response of the rat diaphragm to
      tetanic field stimulation in vitro.
AB  - Contraction of the rat isolated diaphragm in response to maximal tetanic
      stimulation was examined before and after isoprenaline or propranolol.
      Isoprenaline (10(-4)M) did not affect maximum isometric force, whereas
      propranolol depressed maximum force in a concentration-dependent manner (10(-6)
      10(-4)M). Inhibition due to propranolol (10(-4)M) could not be overcome by
      increasing the intensity or duration of electrical stimulation, and was only
      partially reversed (mean 73% +/- 10 s.e. mean) after washing. Pretreatment with
      isoprenaline did not alter the response of the muscle to propranolol, nor did
      neuromuscular blockade with (+)-tubocurarine. The response to either stereoisomer
      of propranolol was similar to that obtained with the racemate. Atenolol, a beta
      adrenoceptor blocking agent without membrane stabilizing activity, had minimal
      (less than 10%) depressant effects on diaphragmatic force development. Lignocaine
      (8.5 X 10(-6)-8.5 X 10(-5)M) produced a concentration-related decrease in
      isometric force, similar to that with propranolol. It is concluded that
      propranolol decreases the contractile force of the rat isolated diaphragm by a
      mechanism related to stabilization of excitable membranes.

PMID- 6571224
TI  - Convulsant-induced depression of amino acid responses in cultured mouse spinal
      neurones studied under voltage clamp.
AB  - A two-microelectrode voltage-clamp technique was used to record membrane current
      responses induced by the application of the neutral amino acids, gamma
      aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine, to mouse spinal neurones maintained in cell
      culture. Membrane current responses to GABA were depressed by the convulsant
      agents, bicuculline, picrotoxin and pentylenetetrazole. Membrane current
      responses to glycine were depressed by the convulsant compound, strychnine.
      Analysis of the fluctuations in membrane current about the mean response during
      prolonged applications of GABA revealed that neither the conductance nor the
      average open-time of GABA-activated ion-channels was altered in the presence of
      picrotoxin or bicuculline. Pentylenetetrazole caused a reduction in the open-time
      of GABA-activated ion-channels but this effect alone was too small to account for
      the depression of the current response. A similar analysis of glycine-induced
      responses in the presence of strychnine revealed that the depression of glycine
      responses by strychnine was not associated with any changes in the conductance or
      average open-time of glycine-activated ion-channels. We therefore conclude that
      the convulsant compounds act by reducing the rate of activation of ion-channels
      by the neutral amino acids either through a reduction in the number of free
      receptors or by a change in the kinetics of channel activation.

PMID- 6571225
TI  - Age related changes in the antilipolytic effects of nicotinic acid in rat adipose
      tissue.
AB  - The effect of nicotinic acid on lipolysis was tested in vitro in adipose tissue
      from three groups of rats, selected according to age: 6-7 weeks, 10-12 weeks and
      16-20 weeks old. Although the changes were not statistically significant, the
      basal release of free fatty acid (FFA) was increased and glycerol was decreased
      by nicotinic acid (0.01-1 mM); the drug caused a statistically significant
      increase in basal FFA: glycerol ratio in a concentration-dependent manner. This
      ratio also increased with age in the absence of drug. (-)-Noradrenaline (10
      microM) and theophylline (3 mM) each stimulated lipolysis. When glycerol release
      was calculated as a percentage increase, the effects of these drugs became more
      marked with age. By contrast, the highest absolute rate of induced release
      occurred in adipose tissue from the youngest rats. The lipolytic effect of 10
      microM (-)-noradrenaline was generally unaffected by nicotinic acid except in
      adipose tissue from the oldest rats when the glycerol release was reduced by 1 mM
      nicotinic acid, although it did not alter FFA:glycerol ratio. The stimulation of
      glycerol release induced by 3 mM theophylline was not affected by the presence of
      nicotinic acid in the youngest rats, but the drug elicited a concentration
      dependent antilipolytic effect in adipose tissue from 10-12 weeks old rats, which
      was even more pronounced in the oldest animals. Lower theophylline concentrations
      (0.6-1 mM) were also sensitive to nicotinic acid inhibition in the 6-7 weeks old
      rats. In the presence of theophylline, nicotinic acid had no effect on
      FFA:glycerol ratio. These data show a direct influence of age on the
      antilipolytic action of nicotinic acid.

PMID- 6571226
TI  - Heterogeneity of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors in the rat uterus and stomach
      strip.
AB  - Experiments were performed using the rat isolated uterus and the rat stomach
      strip to investigate the effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on 5-HT receptors
      in the presence of different antagonists. Amitriptyline, methysergide and
      trazodone were used to antagonize the response to 5-HT in these tissues. The pA2
      value for amitriptyline with 5-HT as the agonist was estimated from the Schild
      plot analysis and found to differ significantly (P less than 0.05) in the stomach
      strip (6.36) from that in the isolated uterus (9.06). A similar difference was
      found using trazodone; here the pA2 value was 6.74 in the stomach strip and 8.49
      in the isolated uterus. These results indicate a difference between the two
      tissues. This difference is discussed in terms of heterogeneity of 5-HT
      receptors.

PMID- 6571227
TI  - Studies on an isolated innervated preparation of guinea-pig trachea.
AB  - An isolated preparation of the guinea-pig trachea with intact parasympathetic and
      sympathetic innervation has been devised. Responses to nerve stimulation were
      recorded as increases or decreases in intraluminal pressure from the fluid-filled
      trachea. The preparation maintained a positive resting intraluminal pressure of 3
      4 cmH2O. This was unaffected by atropine, hexamethonium or propranolol. Brief
      pressor responses, which could be completely blocked by atropine or
      hexamethonium, were obtained by applying short trains of stimuli to the cervical
      segment of the right vagus. The amplitude of responses was frequency-dependent up
      to a maximum at 40 Hz. Depressor responses, more delayed and prolonged than the
      pressor responses and blocked by propranolol but not by hexamethonium, were
      obtained by stimulation of the right cervical sympathetic trunk or stellate
      ganglion in 70% of preparations. Dual pressor-depressor responses were observed
      in the remaining 30% of preparations. The pressor component was blocked by
      atropine, the depressor component by propranolol. In the presence of atropine and
      propranolol, sustained sympathetic stimulation sometimes evoked a small, delayed
      pressor response which was blocked by phentolamine. Under the same conditions,
      transmural stimulation produced a depressor response evidently due to non
      adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerves. Spontaneous activity was observed in some
      preparations under normal conditions, but could always be evoked by hypoxia.
      Responses to sympathetic stimulation were reduced both by hypoxia and during
      periods of spontaneous activity. 8 The principal advantage of this preparation is
      that it permits both excitatory and inhibitory responses to be elicited by
      stimulation of vagal and sympathetic nerves separately in the isolated trachea in
      the absence of agonist and antagonist drugs.

PMID- 6571228
TI  - Antagonism of enkephalin action on acetylcholine release by methylxanthines: lack
      of a purine link.
AB  - Theophylline (Theo) and caffeine antagonized the inhibitory effect of methionine
      (Met)-enkephalin, leucine (Leu)-enkephalin and morphine on the twitch height of
      the field stimulated myenteric plexus longitudinal muscle (MPLM) preparation of
      the guinea-pig ileum. Antagonism by Theo was observed only in tissues stimulated
      submaximally, but that by caffeine was observed in tissues stimulated
      submaximally and supramaximally. Injection of Theo (20, 40 mg kg-1) or caffeine
      (40 mg kg-1) reversed or blocked the inhibitory effects of Leu-enkephalin (50
      micrograms i.c.v.) and a systemically active enkephalin FK 33,824 (0.5 mg kg-1)
      on the release of acetylcholine (ACh) from the rat cortex in vivo. Injections of
      morphine (2.5, 5.0 mg kg-1 i.v.) did not modify the in vivo release of
      radiolabelled purines from the cerebral cortex prelabelled with [3H]-adenosine
      (2.8 X 10(-7) M). Application of K+ (60 mM) to the cortex readily stimulated this
      release. Injection of morphine (5.0 mg kg-1 i.v.) increased the spontaneous
      release of radiolabelled purines from the cortex prelabelled with a higher
      concentration of [3H]-adenosine (10(-4) M) in six out of eleven experiments.
      Under similar conditions neither Leu-enkephalin (50 micrograms i.c.v.) nor FK
      33,824 (0.5 mg kg-1 i.v.) stimulated purine release. It is concluded that
      methylxanthines can antagonize the inhibitory action of opioids on the peripheral
      and central release of ACh. However, this antagonism does not reflect an
      intermediary purine step in the action of opioids on the release of ACh.

PMID- 6571230
TI  - Symposium on nutritional aspects of exercise.

PMID- 6571231
TI  - Nutritional conditioning for athletic competition.
AB  - Diet in itself cannot provide fitness or championship form, but a poor diet can
      ruin both. Optimal nutrition is a basic component of training that is necessary
      for the development and maintenance of top physical performance. Appropriate
      application of recent research findings can have a beneficial impact on exercise
      performance.

PMID- 6571229
TI  - The inotropic effect of ouabain and its antagonism by dihydroouabain in rat
      isolated atria and ventricles in relation to specific binding sites.
AB  - The inotropic effect of ouabain has been studied in rat ventricles and atria. The
      concentration-effect curve of ouabain may be fitted by a model assuming the
      existence of two saturable components. The component with the higher sensitivity
      to ouabain accounted for 30% of the maximal increase in systolic tension in
      ventricles and for only 5% in atria. Increase in diastolic tension was only
      apparent at ouabain concentrations required to observe the low sensitivity
      component. [3H]-ouabain binding has been examined in microsomes prepared from
      atria and ventricles. High and low affinity binding sites have been observed. The
      ratio of high and low affinity ouabain binding sites was 4 fold lower in
      microsomes from rat atria than from rat ventricles. This could account for the
      difference in the response of these two tissues to the inotropic action of
      ouabain. In ventricular strips the high sensitivity component was much less
      apparent in the presence of dihydroouabain than with ouabain. When ventricular
      strips were preincubated in the presence of dihydroouabain 3 microM, the increase
      in systolic tension evoked by ouabain 1 microM was significantly reduced.
      Cumulative concentration-effect curve studies showed dihydroouabain antagonism to
      the high sensitivity component.

PMID- 6571232
TI  - Role of carbohydrate in exercise.
AB  - Carbohydrate is an important energy source during exercise. During short, heavy
      exercise it may be the only energy source for the working muscle and may be
      derived exclusively from the glycogen stores within the muscle fibers themselves.
      During prolonged, submaximal exercise the magnitude of the contribution that
      carbohydrate makes to the total fuel consumed depends upon a number of factors,
      including (1) the intensity of the exercise, (2) the duration of the exercise,
      (3) the state or type of training that the individual has engaged in, or both,
      and (4) the diet previously consumed. Due to their limited storage in the body
      and the relative ease with which these stores can be manipulated by combinations
      of diet and/or training, a knowledge of the dynamics of carbohydrate metabolism
      is an important component in the arsenal of knowledge for coaches and athletes.

PMID- 6571233
TI  - Protein nutrition for the athlete.
AB  - Endurance exercise results in a protein catabolic state characterized by
      decreased protein synthesis, increased amino acid oxidation, and increased
      conversion of amino acids to glucose. The adaptive response to performance of
      strength exercise, on the other hand, results in an anabolic state in
      hypertrophying muscles, and the accretion of protein is the result of increased
      protein synthesis. Because of changes in protein metabolism there is an increased
      dietary requirement for protein in both endurance and strength exercise. However,
      the normal dietary intake of protein is adequate for athletes as long as the
      energy intake is sufficient to maintain body weight. There is little scientific
      evidence that consumption of large protein supplements will have any beneficial
      effect on muscle hypertrophy, muscular strength, or physical performance.

PMID- 6571234
TI  - Role of fat metabolism in exercise.
AB  - Fat and carbohydrate are the two major energy sources used during exercise.
      Either source can predominate, depending upon the duration and intensity of
      exercise, degree of prior physical conditioning, and the composition of the diet
      consumed in the days prior to a bout of exercise. Fatty acid oxidation can
      contribute 50 to 60 per cent of the energy expenditure during a bout of low
      intensity exercise of long duration. Strenuous submaximal exercise requiring 65
      to 80 per cent of VO2 max will utilize less fat (10 to 45 per cent of the energy
      expended). Exercise training is accompanied by metabolic adaptations that occur
      in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue and that facilitate a greater delivery and
      oxidation of fatty acids during exercise. The trained state is characterized by
      an increased flux of fatty acids through smaller pools of adipose tissue energy.
      This is reflected by smaller, more metabolically active adipose cells in smaller
      adipose tissue depots. Peak blood concentrations of free fatty acids and ketone
      bodies are lower during and following exercise in trained individuals, probably
      due to increased capacity of the skeletal musculature to oxidize these energy
      sources. Trained individuals oxidize more fat and less carbohydrate than
      untrained subjects when performing submaximal work of the same absolute
      intensity. This increased capacity to utilize energy from fat conserves crucial
      muscle and liver glycogen stores and can contribute to increased endurance.
      Further benefits of the enhanced lipid metabolism accompanying chronic aerobic
      exercise training are decreased cardiac risk factors. Exercise training results
      in lower blood cholesterol and triglycerides and increased high density
      lipoprotein cholesterol. High-fat diets are not recommended because of their
      association with atherosclerotic heart disease. Recent evidence suggests that low
      fat high-carbohydrate diets may increase blood triglycerides and reduce high
      density lipoproteins. This suggests that the chronic ingestion of diets that are
      extreme in their composition of either fat or carbohydrate should be approached
      with caution in health-conscious athletes, as well as in sedentary individuals.

PMID- 6571235
TI  - Vitamin and mineral supplements to athletes: do they help?
AB  - Although the general implications of this review would be that vitamin and
      mineral supplements are ineffective as ergogenic aids when added to the diet of
      an athlete who is well-nourished, there may be certain instances in which
      supplementation is warranted. For example, wrestlers on low calorie diets and
      high levels of energy expenditure may not be receiving a balanced intake of
      nutrients. Young male athletes and female athletes of all ages should be aware of
      iron-rich foods and include them in the daily diet. The female athlete who
      experiences a heavy menstrual flow may consider commercial iron preparations;
      hemoglobin and other hemotologic variables may be evaluated in order to determine
      the need for supplementation. More research is needed, particularly with large
      doses of the vitamin B-complex and vitamin C. Although some of the studies cited
      herein have used large doses, some athletes have been reported to consume massive
      dosages, for example, 10,000 mg of vitamin C daily. Unfortunately, there may be
      some adverse side effects of such massive doses, and it may not be ethical to
      conduct research with humans at those high intake levels. Do these massive
      dosages elicit a pharmacodynamic effect on some metabolic reactions that are
      favorable to physical performance? More research with vitamin E at altitude also
      appears to be warranted, as does iron supplementation to iron-deficient, but not
      anemic, athletes. As noted earlier, the current data base suggests that vitamin
      and mineral supplements are unnecessary for the athlete receiving a balanced
      diet. However, only with additional controlled research may we expand that data
      base to help answer some of the questions that still remain relative to nutrition
      and athletic performance. There are still a large number of athletes who believe
      that the "racers edge" may be found in a tablet.

PMID- 6571236
TI  - Water and electrolyte requirements during exercise.
AB  - These studies demonstrate the body's capacity to minimize electrolyte losses
      during acute and repeated bouts of exercise and dehydration. Although there are
      marked shifts in water and selected ions in the exercising muscle, only during
      prolonged exertion is the ratio of intramuscular to extramuscular potassium
      significantly altered, suggesting that some modifications of the muscle cell
      membrane may occur. Muscle tissue not engaged in the exercise seems unaffected by
      the sweat loss during prolonged activity but relinquishes intracellular water
      shortly after work is terminated. Blood, muscle, sweat, and urine measurements
      before and following varied levels of dehydration demonstrate that body water
      loss during exercise in the heat is accomplished at the expense of larger water
      losses from extracellular and intracellular compartments. Moreover, the loss of
      ions in sweat and urine have little effect on the potassium content of either
      plasma or muscle. With repeated days of dehydration and heavy exercise, plasma
      volume increases in proportion to an increase in body sodium storage. Since red
      blood cells and hemoglobin are confined to the vascular space, both may decrease
      significantly as a function of the hemodilution induced by repeated days of
      exercise and dehydration. This may, in part, explain the apparent anemia reported
      by sports physicians among athletes undergoing intensive training. It is also
      possible that such hemodilution may produce low concentrations of plasma
      potassium, which might be falsely interpreted as suggestive of hypokalemia. In
      any event, some caution should be used in the clinical interpretation of plasma
      concentrations of various constituents among endurance-trained athletes. In
      general, it seems that the large sweat losses incurred during training and
      competition are adequately tolerated by the athlete, with concomitant adjustments
      in the water and electrolyte distribution of their fluid compartments. Despite
      the sizable excretion of ions and sweat, the athlete's large caloric intake and
      renal conservation of sodium minimize the threat of chronic dehydration or
      electrolyte deficits, or both.

PMID- 6571237
TI  - Nutritional needs of female athletes.
AB  - Nutritional intake is undoubtedly an important component that has an impact on
      physical performance of all athletes, women as well as men. Clearly, this fact is
      recognized and is acted upon by the athlete in seeking nutritional advice from
      sources reliable and otherwise in the hope of finding a food or nutrient that
      provides the "competitive edge." The nutritional advice that will best serve
      female athletes in their physical endeavors and in their health is based on a few
      sound nutritional principles. The nutrients required for physically active women
      are the same as for women in the general population and for men. Although the
      nutrients required are the same, physical activity does influence the amount of
      some nutrients needed by female athletes. In general, female athletes will need
      more energy, water, sodium, potassium, and certain vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin,
      niacin) than nonathletic females. Fortunately, this does not require special
      dietary adjustments, since when a balanced diet is eaten to meet additional
      energy needs, the requirements for sodium, potassium, and vitamins are usually
      more than met. The female athlete should be encouraged to give special attention
      to two nutrients, water and iron. Any female athlete participating in physical
      activity causing significant sweat loss should understand the importance of fluid
      balance and how to properly rehydrate during and following exercise. Iron is not
      required at increased levels for the female athlete; however, it is frequently
      limited in the diet of women in general. If the diet is inadequate and
      biochemical abnormalities are found, supplementation should be considered under
      the guidance of a physician. Lastly, although studies repeatedly show the general
      adequacy of female athletes' diet, there is evidence that some individual
      athletes do consume a marginal diet. By evaluating the typical pattern of dietary
      intake, these athletes can be identified and provided with nutritional counseling
      or supplementation, or both.

PMID- 6571238
TI  - Nutritional management of the adolescent athlete.
AB  - The difference between the adolescent athlete and his mature counterpart is that
      this is a period of rapid physiologic growth and change. It is important that the
      additional stresses of athletic competition or preparation for that competition
      (such as weight reduction) do not compromise these changes. Providing the proper
      training diet for the adolescent athlete consists of providing adequate calories
      in the proper balance of nutrients for the additional stress of athletics. This
      must also take into account the eating patterns and preferences associated with
      adolescence. Education of coaches, parents, and athletes is an important aspect
      of providing health care to an athlete or athletic team. Although it may seem
      more "glamorous" to work with Olympic level or elite athletes, our experience is
      that these individuals often already have established poor eating patterns and
      nutritional misinformation. Clinics or educational sessions involving younger
      athletes will be more successful and build a foundation for tomorrow's Olympic
      athletes.

PMID- 6571239
TI  - Nutrition for ultra-endurance: several hours to several months.
AB  - In conclusion, the nutritional needs of three types of ultra-endurance athletes
      have been reviewed. These include events of several hours, day-after-day
      competition, and prolonged true endurance expeditioneering. There are many
      requirements common to all three--an adequate supply of fuel already available,
      judicious repletion of fuel and fluid losses during the events, and
      postcompetition repletion, which pertains not only to training but also to events
      of several days' duration. Most importantly, the "competitive edge" can be
      maintained only with careful attention to all of these factors.

PMID- 6571240
TI  - Weight control in the athlete.
AB  - Altering body composition either through reducing body fat or increasing muscle
      mass is a frequent and very important concern of large numbers of young athletes.
      When efforts to induce these body changes are approached with sound principles of
      nutrition and training, the resulting changes in body composition can make the
      desired contribution to health and fitness as well as contributing to increasing
      the athlete's performance potential. Any attempt to alter body composition must
      be planned over a significant time period, making it essential to initiate the
      program several weeks prior to the competing season. Significant increases or
      decreases in any body tissue component cannot be safely accomplished in a brief
      period. Supervision by a physician or another legitimate health professional is
      highly recommended to protect the motivated athlete from the abuses of faddists,
      quacks, and nutrition charlatans. The proper educational information regarding
      the ineffectiveness and hazards of drug use by the athlete are also to be dealt
      with. Having achieved a desired body composition, the athlete will recognize an
      achieved weight as his or her desired competing weight. Monitoring body weight
      two or three times weekly during the season will identify any involuntary changes
      in body weight that, if continued, will inevitably compromise athletic
      performance.

PMID- 6571241
TI  - Body composition. Methods of estimation and effect upon performance.
AB  - The assumption that is implicit in nearly all methods for determining body
      composition is that the fat-free body has a constant composition and that fat
      content can vary from some minimal amount to over 70 per cent. Fat estimations,
      however, are almost always indirect and are based upon estimating some fat-free
      component of the body. Some fifteen different methods are described in terms of
      the principle involved, the cost, and the applicability for routine use. A review
      is presented of a large number of regression equations that have been developed
      to predict body density from many types of anthropometric equations. The accuracy
      or comparative accuracy of body composition methods cannot be evaluated with
      human subjects. Methods can be validated only by using the method on an animal
      model, then performing chemical analyses on the same animal. Data of this type
      are limited.

PMID- 6571242
TI  - A practical guide to fad diets.
AB  - This discussion of fad diets may be concluded by comparing the 14 selected diets
      with the standards previously outlined for desirable weight reducing plans. Many
      of the popular diets supply large quantities of saturated fat and cholesterol,
      which are dietary components that have been associated with cardiovascular
      disease. Ketogenic diets are not appropriate for athletes because of problems
      with secondary dehydration and hyponatremia. Almost all of the diets are
      nutritionally inadequate. The rate of anticipated weight loss will vary according
      to the age, sex, weight, basal energy requirement, and activity level of an
      individual. However, it is expected that weight loss will be excessively rapid if
      a competitive athlete consumes a diet of less than 1000 calories per day. These
      hypocaloric diets cannot meet the training demands of athletes and will promote
      loss of lean body mass and carbohydrate stores. Many of the ketogenic diets do
      not restrict calories; therefore, weight loss will depend upon individual daily
      caloric consumption. The Cambridge Diet and starvation diets produce weight loss
      far in excess of that desired for an athlete in training. Long-term eating
      patterns to maintain weight loss are not encouraged in any of the 14 selected fad
      diets. In fact, most of these diets promote patterns of poor nutrition. Not one
      of the diets provides options or choices for dieters to use in accommodating food
      preference and lifestyle patterns. Some of the diets are fairly easy to comply
      with and others require special foods and supplements. None of the 14 diets
      reviewed fulfull all of the standards for a sound weight reduction diet
      plan.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6571243
TI  - [Role of uro-nephrologic diseases in the mortality at an internal medical
      department in Dakar. Apropos of 1,782 cases].

PMID- 6571244
TI  - [Morphology and topography of the lower wisdom tooth in the African].

PMID- 6571245
TI  - [Aberrant pancreas in the gastric antrum. Value of diathermic loop endoscopic
      biopsy for a definite histopathological diagnosis].

PMID- 6571246
TI  - [Growth and cardiovascular status in greater Dakar].

PMID- 6571247
TI  - [Does the antibacterial action of Madagascar chewing tobacco justify its use
      against dental caries?].

PMID- 6571248
TI  - [Facial paralysis in localized tetanus: electromyographic aspects. Apropos of a
      case].

PMID- 6571249
TI  - [Effect of NaCl loads on experimental digitalis poisoning in the guinea pig].

PMID- 6571250
TI  - [Arterial distribution at the level of the pancreas tail. Its impact on the
      etiology of caudal pancreatic necrosis following splenectomy for splenic trauma].

PMID- 6571251
TI  - [Reference values of glycosylated hemoglobins in black Sengalese].

PMID- 6571252
TI  - [Alizapride: a new antiemetic for severe vomiting during cancer polychemotherapy.
      Apropos of 20 cases].

PMID- 6571253
TI  - [Blood transfusion in Senegal: psychosociological study of blood donation].

PMID- 6571254
TI  - [The spinal accessory nerve in the posterior sub-parotid space. Anatomic
      considerations based on 106 cadaveric neck dissections].

PMID- 6571255
TI  - [Anatomic considerations concerning the spinal accessory nerve. Apropos of 106
      cadaveric neck dissections].

PMID- 6571256
TI  - [Perforated duodenal ulcers. Apropos of 60 cases at Dakar General Hospital, 1977
      1983].

PMID- 6571257
TI  - [Evaluation of bird poison residues in "millet-eaters" (Quelea quelea L.).
      Toxicologic consequences arising from the consumption of poisoned birds by
      domestic animals and man. 1. Fenthion].

PMID- 6571258
TI  - [Evaluation of bird poison residues in "millet-eaters" (Quelea quelea L.).
      Toxicologic consequences arising from the consumption of poisoned birds by
      domestic animals and man. 2. Cyanophos].

PMID- 6571259
TI  - [Contamination of sugar cane by 2 bird poisons: fenthion and cyanophos.
      Evaluation of residues in sugar cane juice transformed into sugar].

PMID- 6571260
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of indomethacin i.m. in blood, synovial fluid, synovial
      membrane, muscle, fat, bone, and spinal fluid.
AB  - Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are an important part of the therapy of
      rheumatoid arthritis. For optimal dosage it would be necessary to know the levels
      of such compounds in inflamed tissue and not only in blood because the drugs
      inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in all cells of the body. In the present study,
      the levels of indomethacin in blood, synovial fluid, synovial membrane, muscle,
      fat, bone and spinal fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis have been
      measured at 1, 3, 6, and 12 hours after administration of 50 mg indomethacin
      (Amuno, Merck Sharp & Dohme). At 3, 6, 9 and 12 hours after administration levels
      in synovial fluid and tissue were higher than in blood but the differences were
      not significant. Levels in the other tissues investigated did not differ much
      from blood. In experiments with carrageenan-induced inflammation in rabbits,
      levels of indomethacin in blood and exudate have been measured after
      administration of 7.5 mg/kg i.v. Between 3 and 8 hours after administration
      levels in exudate were significantly higher than in blood. From the time course
      of indomethacin in blood compared to synovial fluid or exudate and from the
      comparison of the elimination half lives it can be concluded, that the transport
      of indomethacin into the inflamed area is mainly a process of diffusion.

PMID- 6571261
TI  - Severe acute polyarthropathy associated with levamisole therapy in a patient with
      Crohn's disease.
AB  - A 17 year old Caucasian youth with intractable Crohn's disease developed a
      severe, acute polyarthropathy during a second course of levamisole therapy. Rapid
      resolution of systemic symptoms occurred on stopping the drug but full joint
      recovery was not achieved until five months had elapsed. The relationship of
      levamisole to Crohn's disease and the underlying mechanisms of the
      polyarthropathy are discussed.

PMID- 6571263
TI  - A poor deal for ankylosing spondylitics.

PMID- 6571262
TI  - Snapping scapulae: a report of three cases.
AB  - Snapping scapula or retroscapular pain is uncommon, and few cases require
      surgical intervention. In three cases the symptoms were such as to eventually
      require surgery. No obvious cause was found but excision of the 2 cm of the
      medial scapular border resulted in prompt and permanent pain relief. Why this
      should be so is a mystery.

PMID- 6571264
TI  - Studies into the effects of the iron chelator desferrioxamine on the inflammatory
      process.
AB  - We have examined the effect of the iron chelating agent, desferrioxamine on
      different models of acute inflammation initiated by the irritants carrageenan or
      calcium pyrophosphate crystals. Depending on the dose of drug used and the time
      at which the lesion is examined both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects were
      observed as judged by measurement of leucocyte accumulation and oedema formation.
      The anti-inflammatory effects of desferrioxamine were supported by a decrease in
      concentration of the acute phase reactant alpha 1 glycoprotein. Our findings
      suggest that iron has a complicated relationship with the inflammatory process.

PMID- 6571265
TI  - The correlation of composition and morphology during the high to low potassium
      transition in single erythropoietic cells.
AB  - The change from high potassium dog erythroid cells to low potassium red blood
      cells during erythropoiesis was investigated by X-ray microanalysis of single
      cells. A correlation of morphology and composition, using freeze-dried
      cryosectioned preparations, showed that during normal erythropoiesis in dog bone
      marrow the switch from high potassium to low potassium occurs during the change
      from early to late nucleated erythroid cells, and in synchrony with the beginning
      of iron accumulation. In contrast, during rapid erythropoiesis in dogs with
      phenylhydrazine-induced anemia, the most prominent change in cation composition
      as well as the accumulation of iron occurs during the reticulocyte stage in the
      peripheral blood. The determination of the absolute amounts of sodium and
      potassium per cell in stress reticulocytes of peripheral blood indicated that the
      changeover from high potassium to low potassium actually occurs by the loss of
      cellular potassium during volume reduction, with little change in the amount of
      cellular sodium. This suggests that maturation may involve a selective change in
      potassium permeability. Lastly, it was observed that not all cells followed the
      predominant pathway with respect to change in morphology, membrane permeability
      and hemoglobin synthesis. One particular subpopulation appeared to follow a
      sequence which expressed the complete HK to LK transition before the accumulation
      of any iron; this implies the possibility of completing protein synthesis in a
      low potassium intracellular milieu.

PMID- 6571267
TI  - Judging office practice systems. II: Factors that effect system performance.

PMID- 6571268
TI  - Using a spreadsheet program to increase your income.

PMID- 6571266
TI  - Relation between intracellular sodium and active sodium transport in rabbit
      colon: current-voltage relations of the apical sodium entry mechanism in the
      presence of varying luminal sodium concentrations.
AB  - The current-voltage relations of the amiloride-sensitive Na entry pathway across
      the apical membrane of rabbit descending colon, exposed to a high K serosal
      solution, were determined in the presence of varying mucosal Na activities,
      (Na)m, ranging from 6.2 to 99.4 mM. These relations could be closely fit to the
      "constant field" flux equation yielding estimates of the permeability of the
      apical membrane to Na, PmNa, and the intracellular Na activity, (Na)c. The
      following empirical relations emerged: (Na)c increased hyperbolically with
      increasing (Na)m; PmNa decreased hyperbolically with increasing (Na)m and
      linearly with increasing (Na)c; spontaneous variations in Na entry rate at
      constant (Na)m could be attributed entirely to parallel, spontaneous variations
      in PmNa; the rate of Na entry increased hyperbolically with increasing (Na)m
      obeying simple Michaelis-Menten kinetics; the relation between (Na)c and "pump
      rate," however, was sharply sigmoidal and could be fit by the Hill equation
      assuming strong cooperative interactions between Na and multiple sites on the
      pump; the Hill coefficient was 2-3 and the value of (Na)c at which the pump-rate
      is half-maximal was 24 mM. The results provide an internally consistent set of
      relations among Na entry across the apical membrane, the intracellular Na
      activity and basolateral pump rate that is also consistent with data previously
      reported for this and other Na-absorbing epithelia.

PMID- 6571269
TI  - How to automate your billing system.

PMID- 6571270
TI  - The search for national standards for medical data exchange.

PMID- 6571271
TI  - Software review: Medical Manager, an office management system.

PMID- 6571273
TI  - Understanding computer basics.

PMID- 6571272
TI  - Let your computer do the talking and the listening.

PMID- 6571274
TI  - The software corner.

PMID- 6571275
TI  - Judging office practice systems. III: Reports and retrievals.

PMID- 6571276
TI  - Software review: The Specialist, a billing system.

PMID- 6571277
TI  - A primer on word processors--with three examples.

PMID- 6571278
TI  - Anticipating the future in medical computing.

PMID- 6571279
TI  - Digitalis therapy: simple formulas to plan and adjust dosage regimens.

PMID- 6571281
TI  - Keeping dates straighter.

PMID- 6571280
TI  - Review of microcomputer nutrient analysis and menu planning programs.

PMID- 6571282
TI  - Computers in the examining room, the delivery room, and the nursery.

PMID- 6571283
TI  - Bits, bytes, words and numbers.

PMID- 6571284
TI  - Choosing office practice systems for billing, accounting, and medical record
      functions.

PMID- 6571285
TI  - Writing practice systems without programming.

PMID- 6571286
TI  - Medical records and clinical databases: what is the difference?

PMID- 6571287
TI  - Tracking the stock market.

PMID- 6571288
TI  - What we want in M.D. Computing articles.

PMID- 6571289
TI  - Presentation graphics: an introduction and review of four systems.

PMID- 6571290
TI  - Local area networks: why? What? What if?

PMID- 6571291
TI  - Compudyne: a timesharing office management system.

PMID- 6571292
TI  - Selecting your first computer: a contrary theory.

PMID- 6571293
TI  - Orthopedic computing: bone and joint computer connection.

PMID- 6571294
TI  - Diagnostic digital angiography: the image revolution continues.

PMID- 6571295
TI  - The current state of operating systems: 1983 and 1984.

PMID- 6571296
TI  - Interactive video.

PMID- 6571297
TI  - Twelve rules for effective office computerization.

PMID- 6571298
TI  - Are computerized billing systems an asset for small practices?

PMID- 6571299
TI  - Metafile: one of a new breed of database management systems.

PMID- 6571300
TI  - Everything you wanted to know about printers.

PMID- 6571301
TI  - Using computers to care for patients with renal disorders.

PMID- 6571303
TI  - Programming languages.

PMID- 6571302
TI  - A history of computerized medical interviews.

PMID- 6571304
TI  - A model for software exchange: the College of American Pathologists approach.

PMID- 6571305
TI  - Appointment scheduling by computer.

PMID- 6571307
TI  - Careers in medical computing.

PMID- 6571306
TI  - A compendium of medical software for microcomputers.

PMID- 6571308
TI  - How near is the bionic future?

PMID- 6571309
TI  - Univair system 9000: an office billing system.

PMID- 6571310
TI  - Feedback control of hand-movement and Fitts' Law.

PMID- 6571311
TI  - Conditions for a linear speed--accuracy trade-off in aimed movements.

PMID- 6571312
TI  - The contribution of the thumb to reaching movements.

PMID- 6571313
TI  - Visual control of discrete aiming movements.

PMID- 6571314
TI  - Timing and torque involvement in the organisation of a rapid forearm flexion.

PMID- 6571315
TI  - Visual timing in hitting an accelerating ball.

PMID- 6571316
TI  - On the space-time structure of human interlimb co-ordination.

PMID- 6571317
TI  - RT to tactile stimuli presented ipsi- and contralaterally to the responding hand.

PMID- 6571318
TI  - Kinaesthesis: its measurement, training and relationship to motor control.

PMID- 6571319
TI  - Phonological spelling.

PMID- 6571320
TI  - Surface dyslexia.

PMID- 6571321
TI  - Allocation of attention according to informativeness in visual recognition.

PMID- 6571322
TI  - Thresholds for movement direction: two directions are less detectable than one.

PMID- 6571323
TI  - The sources of visual recency: movement and language in serial recall.

PMID- 6571324
TI  - Hemispheric competence and perceptual confusability.

PMID- 6571325
TI  - Psychological analyses of haptic and haptic-visual judgements of extent.

PMID- 6571326
TI  - The temporal course of visual pattern encoding: effects of pattern goodness.

PMID- 6571327
TI  - [Ruthenium complexes as antitumor drugs: isolation of a new Ru (III) and
      iminodiacetic acid complex].
AB  - The authors discuss the convenience for using ruthenium complexes as potential
      antitumor drugs, and the considerable importance of these substances in regard to
      their biological activity. The synthesis of a new drug of the group and the
      results of its administration to mice bearing Ehrlich ascites cancer are
      reported.

PMID- 6571328
TI  - Chronochemotherapy of N-nitrosomethylurea-induced mammary tumors in rats. II.
      Circadian treatment with cyclophosphamide.
AB  - The chemotherapeutic effectiveness of intraperitoneal administration of
      cyclophosphamide (CY) (100 mg/kg) was evaluated, on a circadian basis, on the N
      nitrosomethylurea (NMU)-induced mammary tumors in female Wistar rats. Untreated
      rats showed a progressive increase in the mean tumor number/rat, tumor area and
      total tumor area/rat. The average number of tumors/rat was significantly lower in
      the rats treated with CY at 02:00 h than the values obtained in the control group
      days 21 and 28, and than that observed at the end of the 4-week period of study
      in the rats treated with CY at 20:00 h. Average tumor area and total tumor
      area/rat in all groups of treated rats were lower than those in the untreated
      animals, though without significant differences amongst those treated with CY.
      The body weight remained constant throughout the 4-week period of study in the
      control group, while a transient reduction was registered after CY
      administration.

PMID- 6571329
TI  - Liver regeneration in mice bearing a transplanted hepatoma.
AB  - The hepatocyte mitotic index curve in hepatectomized hepatoma-bearing mice, rises
      earlier, has a greater amplitude and is less synchronized than that of normal
      hepatectomized mice. This indicates a stimulation (more mitosis in a shorter time
      period) produced by the presence of the tumors. The sinusoid litoral cells
      mitotic index curve in hepatectomized hepatoma-bearing mice appears earlier and
      is much less synchronized than that of normal hepatectomized mice. Nevertheless
      both curves have the same amplitude for the whole sampling period and the early
      stimulation is quickly compensated by lower values (apparent inhibition)
      appearing in the resting (light) period.

PMID- 6571330
TI  - [Treatment with intratumoral prospidium chloride of cancer of the mammae induced
      by N-nitrosomethylurea in the rat].
AB  - Wistar rats bearing N-nitrosomethylurea-induced mammary tumors received
      intratumoral injections of prospidium chloride or saline. Each tumor with 30-100
      mm2 (the product of the two largest perpendicular diameters) received 20 mg of
      prospidium chloride diluted in 100 microliter of saline, and increasing amounts
      of 20 mg of the product in the same volume for every additional 100 mm2 or
      fraction of tumor. After a week the treatment was repeated in the same way.
      Control rats received only saline without prospidium chloride. No significant
      differences were observed regarding the tumor area, total tumor area/rat, and
      body weight when comparing the rats receiving prospidium chloride and the control
      rats. Prospidium chloride does not show any direct oncolytic effect upon the
      experimental model employed.

PMID- 6571331
TI  - [Malignant proliferative tricholemmal tumor: a clinical, morphologic and
      ultrastructural study].
AB  - The clinical, morphological and ultrastructural features of malignant
      proliferating Tricholemmal Tumor with neoplastic angioinvasion, and its
      histogenetic changes are discussed. We concluded that it is a tumour derived from
      non-keratogenous lower external tricholemmal sheath cells. We prefer the
      denomination of Malignant Proliferating Tricholemmal Tumour, instead of Malignant
      Proliferating Tricholemmal Cyst because, in our case, there was an important
      proportion of solid tumoral component beside the numerous cysts.

PMID- 6571332
TI  - [Neuropsychological effects of various cerebral tumors].
AB  - We have studied in this work, from the neuropsychological point of view, sixteen
      patients (9 with tumor in the frontal lobe, 3 with temporal and temporo-parietal
      tumor and 4 with parietal, occipital and parieto-occipital tumor). The results
      show an intellectual damage when the work to carry out involves time,
      visualmotricity and perceptive-visual integration. We have likewise observed the
      appearance of many disorders of the spatial orientation, the perceptive visual
      integration, the graphomotricity and the reading process.

PMID- 6571333
TI  - [Bilateral malignant Brenner's tumor. Apropos of a case].
AB  - This is the case of a 51 year old woman presented with sensation of pelvic
      fullness, hypogastric pain, anorexia, asthenia and weight loss of one year
      duration. The gynecological exam revealed a normal uterus and a hard oval mass in
      the posterior aspect of the vagina, and another spherical mass in right vaginal
      cul de sac and adnexial area. After surgery malignant a Brenner tumor was
      diagnosed. A course of chemotherapy was started postoperatively. The "second
      look" was negative macroscopically but positive cytologically. A second course of
      chemotherapy was done. The second "second-look" was negative macroscopically and
      cytologically. The patient at present is in good health.

PMID- 6571334
TI  - Intrathecal opiates for chronic pain in cancer patients.
AB  - A total of 20 cancer patients suffering chronic pain were treated with morphine
      chloride by intrathecal administration through a subcutaneous implanted
      reservoir. Pain evaluation was done using our INO scale, McGill questionnaire and
      the visual analogue scale. A morphine intrathecal test was done previously to
      disclose if this method of administration would be effective. In nearly all
      patients the initial dose of morphine chloride was 2 mg/day and according to the
      pain relief the dose was modified if necessary. In 14/20 patients the initial
      dose was maintained during all treatment until their death. One patient treated
      during 370 days required a final dose of 6 mg/day. In all patients the analgesia
      obtained and evaluated with the INO scale was statistically significant using the
      t-Student (P less than 0.001) with a pretreatment mean value of 12.4 +/- 1.81
      (mean +/- sigma) and 6.85 +/- 0.99 (mean sigma) in the final evaluation. The mean
      period of treatment was 62.8 days (range 10-370 days). Side effects are
      comparable with those described by others, and respiratory depression did not
      occur in our series. This method of treatment can alleviate pain in cancer
      patients not suitable to be treated by other methods, including ablative
      neurosurgical procedures, permitting home care which can be more comfortable to
      patients and their families.

PMID- 6571335
TI  - [Treatment of lesions caused by extravasation of therapeutic drugs].

PMID- 6571336
TI  - [Significance of calcifications of the breast and diagnostic value of
      mammography].
AB  - The authors make a revue of the value of mammography as a diagnostic technic for
      breast cancer, centering their attention in the existence of calcification. Based
      on data from the literature and on their own experience, they consider
      mammography to be a useful procedure for screening, allowing an early diagnosis
      in a significant number of cases.

PMID- 6571337
TI  - [Circulating immune complexes in patients with cancer].
AB  - The author makes a review of the mechanisms and results of the different
      procedures that have been developed to measuring circulating immune complexes,
      and indicates the great divergences and contradictions existing between them.

PMID- 6571338
TI  - Kinetics of cefsulodin in patients with renal impairment.
AB  - Kinetics of cefsulodin were determined after administration of a 500-mg dose to
      normal subjects and patients with various degrees of renal insufficiency,
      including those requiring hemodialysis. Elimination kinetics were described by a
      two-compartment model. The steady-state volume of distribution was 0.26 liters/kg
      regardless of renal function. When the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was
      greater than 80 ml/min, the elimination half-life (t1/2) was 1.9 hr. When the GFR
      ranged from 79 to 53 ml/min, t1/2 was 2.9 hr. In patients with moderate renal
      failure, in whom the GFR was 32-22 ml/min, t1/2 was 5.7 hr. In anuric patients,
      t1/2 was 13.0 hr. During hemodialysis the average plasma flow was 122 ml/min,
      dialyzer plasma clearance was 50.9 ml/min, concentration of drug in plasma was
      reduced by 60%, and t1/2 decreased to 2.1 hr. After dialysis the elimination rate
      appeared to return to that found in subjects not undergoing dialysis. While
      progressive renal failure slows the elimination of cefsulodin, there is a linear
      relationship between elimination of cefsulodin and GFR such that dosage nomograms
      can be developed. In patients undergoing hemodialysis, the maintenance dose of
      cefsulodin should be reduced to 10% of normal, and 60% of the dose should be
      given after hemodialysis.

PMID- 6571339
TI  - Clinical and pharmacokinetic study of parenteral administration of cefsulodin in
      pediatric patients in Japan.
AB  - A multicenter study of cefsulodin was carried out with pediatric patients having
      infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clinical responses were evaluated in
      78 of 84 cases, and bacteriologic responses were evaluated in 77 cases. Peak
      serum levels, urinary excretion rates, and biologic half-lives were determined
      for some patients. Daily dosage of cefsulodin was usually 60-100 mg/kg of body
      weight given in three to four divided doses. Infections were mainly septicemia
      (12 cases), respiratory tract infections (23), and urinary tract infections (26);
      clinical responses in these cases were excellent or good in 75.0% of the cases
      (nine of 12), 78.3% (18 of 23), and 84.6% (22 of 26), respectively. P. aeruginosa
      was eradicated in 67.5% of patients (52 of 77) and was replaced in an additional
      5.2% (four of 77). No adverse reactions were observed except for four cases of
      eosinophilia and one case in which serum transaminase levels were elevated. These
      results indicate that cefsulodin is a safe and useful drug for the treatment of
      pseudomonal infections in pediatric patients.

PMID- 6571341
TI  - Ambivalent effect of light on the eye.

PMID- 6571340
TI  - Predictors of response to therapy for infections caused by Pseudomonas
      aeruginosa.
AB  - Data from 410 courses of cefsulodin therapy for infections caused by Pseudomonas
      aeruginosa were used to determine the factors that correlated with three
      outcomes: bacteriologic cure, clinical response, and the occurrence of adverse
      effects. The factors that were evaluated were site of infection, number of
      infected sites, prior antibiotic therapy, concurrent antibiotic therapy, maximum
      daily dose of cefsulodin, pretreatment status (blood pressure, white blood cell
      count, hemoglobin and creatinine levels, liver function tests), age, sex, and
      assignment to cefsulodin via randomization. Stepwise logistic regression analysis
      was used to determine the factors that contributed independently to the outcome.
      Regression analysis indicated that three factors were significantly associated
      with bacteriologic cure: age, site of infection, and pretreatment hemoglobin
      values. Regression analysis indicated that the following four variables were
      significant correlates of satisfactory clinical response: site of infection, the
      presence of more than one infected site, diastolic blood pressure before therapy,
      and prior antibiotic therapy. Regression analysis also indicated that two
      factors, maximum daily dose of cefsulodin and duration of therapy, were the only
      significant predictors of the occurrence of adverse effects.

PMID- 6571342
TI  - Collateral circulation in hemicentral retinal vein occlusion.
AB  - The perchance occurrence of a hemicentral retinal vein occlusion in an eye with a
      lightly pigmented fundus allowed us the opportunity to observe the development
      and flow dynamics of collateral circulation. We are able to demonstrate an optic
      disc collateral draining into a choroidal vein, a finding which to our knowledge
      had previously only been documented histologically. The collateral circulation
      developed slowly over many months and was not rapid enough to prevent chronic
      microcystic macular changes.

PMID- 6571343
TI  - Amyloid infiltration of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle: case report.
AB  - Intraorbital amyloidosis has rarely been described. This case is unique in its
      referral pattern, isolated levator muscle involvement, and lack of a palpable
      mass, proptosis, and extraocular muscle involvement. Amyloidosis should be
      considered in the differential diagnosis of ptosis.

PMID- 6571344
TI  - Pars plana vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage and retinal vein occlusion.
AB  - We studied 16 cases of retinal vein occlusion and vitreous hemorrhage treated by
      pars plana vitrectomy. The visual acuity in all nine eyes suffering from branch
      vein occlusion was improved postoperatively, reaching an acuity of 6/6 to 6/12 in
      33% of the patients. In the seven eyes suffering from central vein occlusion,
      however, the postoperative visual acuity results were poor. The incidence of
      postoperative complications was higher also in the central vein occlusion group.

PMID- 6571345
TI  - Upper eyelid retraction in long-standing anophthalmic sockets.
AB  - Marked retraction of the upper eyelid is a rare but distressing complication of
      the anophthalmic socket. It usually occurs in long-term prosthesis wearers who
      have undergone enucleation in childhood or 20 to 30 years previously.
      Contributing factors include a large prosthesis, infrequent removal of the
      prosthesis, and lid closure difficulties. Clinically, the upper eyelid may be
      severely retracted, producing a wide-eyed stare as well as problems with comfort
      and prosthesis retention. The upper fornix may be foreshortened or of adequate
      depth but misdirected posteriorly. The postulated mechanism of anophthalmic upper
      eyelid retraction is a contraction of the levator muscle because of its role as
      an antagonist to the underutilized orbicularis muscle. Barring excessive atrophy
      of the lid layers, the eyelid can be brought forward out of the orbit to an
      acceptable position with surgical correction. Transcutaneous levator recession
      with interposition of eyebank sclera is the procedure used by the author.

PMID- 6571346
TI  - Aneurysmal bone cyst of the orbit: a review.
AB  - An aneurysmal bone cyst involving the orbital roof in a 12-year-old girl is
      discussed. Other reported cases of this highly unusual non-neoplastic bony lesion
      affecting primarily adolescents and young adults are reviewed. Similarities and
      differences between orbital aneurysmal bone cysts and those affecting the long
      bones and spine are also discussed.

PMID- 6571347
TI  - Clinical cystoid macular edema with intracapsular cataract extraction and
      posterior chamber lens implantation.
AB  - A prospective clinical study has been undertaken to determine the rate of
      clinical cystoid macular edema in a population that has had intracapsular
      cataract extraction with the implantation of an iris-supported posterior lens.
      Transient cystoid macular edema developed in 7.2% of the patients in this study,
      and persistent cystoid macular edema developed in 1.02% of the patients. A chi 2
      test shows that there is no significant difference in the rates of transient and
      persistent cystoid macular edema in this group with intracapsular cataract
      extraction and a group reported in the literature who had extracapsular cataract
      extraction and the implantation of a Shearing lens.

PMID- 6571348
TI  - Fine-needle aspiration of orbital lesions.
AB  - In seven patients with orbital lesions, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was
      performed. No complications were seen in performing this procedure. FNA proved to
      be an important adjuvant method in the diagnosis of orbital lesions, especially
      in their pre-operative cytologic definition.

PMID- 6571349
TI  - Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis: some observations on clinical picture and on
      cataract surgery.
AB  - In a study of 33 patients of heterochromic cyclitis, some unusual clinical
      features were observed. In many cases the iris was feltlike, month eaten, and
      associated with gelatinous nodules at the pupillary border or over the surface of
      iris stroma. An association of pseudoexfoliation of the lens capsule with
      bilateral heterochromic cyclitis was noted. Twenty-one eyes were subjected to
      cataract surgery. Hyphema (23.6%) and phacoanaphylactic uveitis (9.5%) were the
      main postoperative complications.

PMID- 6571350
TI  - Anterior uveitis as a first sign of primary orbital lymphosarcoma.
AB  - A 47-year-old woman had a painless anterior uveitis in her right eye. Later, it
      appeared to be secondary to a developing extraocular orbital tumor, which also
      caused marked proptosis. Histopathologic examination of the tumor revealed
      lymphocytic lymphosarcoma. The tumor regressed rapidly after irradiation and
      cytological treatment.

PMID- 6571351
TI  - Metastatic adenocarcinoma presenting as bilateral blindness.
AB  - A 71-year-old man had bilateral shallow retinal detachments. An extensive medical
      work-up was unrevealing. A "skinny-needle" biopsy of retrocrural lymph nodes
      under computed tomographic control supported a diagnosis of metastatic
      adenocarcinoma to his choroid. A review of the literature on metastatic ocular
      cancer is presented.

PMID- 6571352
TI  - Spatio-temporal modulation transfer function in retinal diseases.
AB  - Spatio-temporal modulation transfer function was measured in patients with
      retinal disease (central serous choroidopathy, retinal branch vein occlusion,
      retinitis pigmentosa) using microcomputer controlled monitor-TV display system.
      Sensitivity loss in high spatial frequency ranges at 1.0 Hz temporal frequency
      was the characteristic finding in those diseases, and the results suggest that
      the sustained channel of the visual perception system is more impaired than the
      transient channel in retinal diseases involving the macula.

PMID- 6571353
TI  - Juxtapapillary choroiditis associated with chronic meningitis due to Coccidioides
      immitis.
AB  - A 73-year-old man had chronic meningitis of uncertain origin. Ophthalmologic
      examination revealed juxtapapillary choroiditis with an associated localized
      serous retinal detachment. Subsequent laboratory evaluation demonstrated absent
      serum complement-fixing antibody titers to Coccidioides immitis, but serological
      examination of the CSF demonstrated an antibody titer of 1:2. The final
      diagnostic impression was that of chronic meningitis in association with
      juxtapapillary choroiditis due to C immitis.

PMID- 6571354
TI  - Combined pars plana vitrectomy and retinal surgery in massive periretinal
      proliferation.
AB  - Thirty-two patients with retinal detachment and massive periretinal proliferation
      underwent combined vitreous and retinal surgery. The cases were divided into two
      groups: 18 patients primarily operated on and 14 patients with a history of
      previous unsuccessful retinal surgery. Successful reattachment was accomplished
      in 13 eyes of the first group (70%), with a mean follow-up period of 8.5 +/- 1.9
      months. In the second group, reattachment was accomplished in seven eyes (50%)
      followed for 11.4 +/- 2.3 months. Visual improvement was achieved in 61% and 29%
      of eyes in the first and second groups, respectively. These results indicate that
      eyes with retinal detachment and massive periretinal proliferation following
      retinal surgery have a much worse prognosis than patients who were not previously
      operated on.

PMID- 6571355
TI  - Catecholamines in diabetic retinopathy.
AB  - An attempt has been made to correlate the catecholamines and diabetic
      retinopathy. Plasma catecholamines and their urinary metabolite, vanillylmandelic
      acid, were measured in 53 cases of different stages of diabetic retinopathy and
      the results compared with the 30 cases of the control group. The study revealed a
      rise in total plasma catecholamines that was significant in the preretinopathic
      stage and highly significant in the early as well as in the late stages of
      diabetic retinopathy. Thus, catecholamines may play an important role in the
      pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy by stimulating the counterregulatory
      hormones, namely growth hormone and glucagon.

PMID- 6571356
TI  - Superior oblique paresis and contralateral Horner's syndrome.
AB  - A superior oblique paresis with contralateral oculosympathetic paresis may occur
      with a lesion at the dorsolateral pontomesencephalic junction.

PMID- 6571357
TI  - Diseases of the lower extremities.

PMID- 6571358
TI  - General foot care considerations.

PMID- 6571359
TI  - Cutaneous diseases of the paw.
AB  - Cutaneous disorders of the paw remain a challenging clinical entity. The
      presenting appearance of the various etiologies is often amazingly similar.
      However, by using a standardized diagnostic method, one can systemically rule in
      or out the more common causes and objectively establish a working differential
      diagnosis. Therapeutic and prognostic considerations are dependent on the
      etiology. General dermatologic principles apply to the paw as well as to the
      other areas of the skin; however, because of the known frequency of relapses and
      therapeutic difficulties, one must approach any case of pododermatitis with a
      realistic attitude and anticipation of prolonged therapy.

PMID- 6571360
TI  - Papulosquamous diseases of the lower extremities.

PMID- 6571361
TI  - Histologic differentiation of mechanical and non-mechanical keratoses of the
      sole.

PMID- 6571362
TI  - Microbiology of the interdigital web.

PMID- 6571363
TI  - Vascular diseases of the lower extremities.

PMID- 6571364
TI  - Cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases: collagen vascular disease and
      vasculitis.

PMID- 6571366
TI  - Certain aspects of diagnosis and treatment of phaeochromocytoma.

PMID- 6571365
TI  - Arterial hypertension and pregnancy.

PMID- 6571367
TI  - Primary hyperaldosteronism.

PMID- 6571368
TI  - Indications to treatment of essential hypertension with particular reference to
      borderline hypertension.

PMID- 6571369
TI  - Pharmacological treatment of arterial hypertension.

PMID- 6571370
TI  - Epidemiology of arterial hypertension with particular reference to research
      conducted in Poland.

PMID- 6571372
TI  - Arterial hypertension in renal parenchyma diseases.

PMID- 6571371
TI  - The role of certain hormonal factors in arterial hypertension.

PMID- 6571373
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of papillomas of the choroid plexus].
AB  - The choroid plexus papillomas are rare neoplasms. They constitute about 0.5 per
      100 of all intracranial tumors. From a histological point of view they are
      generally benign tumors. However they give a high mortality rate due to their
      location near vital structures, the rapid production of intracranial
      hypertension, and the rich vascularity making risky the surgical treatment.

PMID- 6571374
TI  - [Serum tissue polypeptide antigen in the differential diagnosis of chronic
      pancreatitis and exocrine pancreatic tumors. Preliminary results].
AB  - The authors give the preliminary results about the determination of the tissue
      polypeptide antigen (TPA) in chronic pancreatitis and pancreas exocrine tumors,
      indicating that although it can make a differential diagnosis between the two
      diseases, it is of no practical value because of the frequent increase of TPA in
      several non tumoral processes that may or may not accompany pancreatic tumors.

PMID- 6571375
TI  - Random migration of leukocytes and phagocytic activity of neutrophils in patients
      with cancer of gastrointestinal tract at different clinical stages.
AB  - Capillary leukocyte migration test and neutrophil phagocytosis test with Bacto
      Latex were performed in 22 patients with gastric cancer, 8 patients with cancer
      of large intestine and 40 healthy subjects. Patients were divided into 3 groups
      on the basis of the clinical stage of the disease. Patients with initial (1st
      stage) cancer showed a statistically significant decrease of spontaneous
      leukocyte migration accompanied by increased neutrophil phagocytic activity, as
      compared with the control group (P less than 0.05). The mechanism of the observed
      changes is discussed.

PMID- 6571376
TI  - [Determination of plasma prolactin in patients with breast dysplasia].
AB  - Prolactin is determined by means of radioimmunoassay in the postovulatory phase
      of a group of women with mammary dysplasia. A specially increased concentration
      of prolactin is found in the proliferative dysplasias (multiple intraductal
      papillomatosis and invasive sclerosing adenosis), that may be considered as
      preneoplastic processes.

PMID- 6571377
TI  - [Type A adenocarcinoma grafted into C3H/he-M mice subjected to treatment with
      various antineoplastic agents. I. Biological study].
AB  - The biological modifications in C3H/he-M mice treated with vincristine,
      prospidium chloride and adriamycin are studied. A significative reduction of the
      tumor volume was observed with prospidium chloride and adriamycin treatment. The
      index of tumour growth inhibition (I0) is very high and corroborates the obtained
      results. The histopathological and ultrastructural studies will be published
      later.

PMID- 6571378
TI  - [Type A adenocarcinoma grafted into C3H/he mice subjected to treatment with
      various antineoplastic agents. II. Histopathological and ultrastructural study].
AB  - We studied the histopathological and ultrastructural modifications which the
      adenocarcinoma type A grafted to C3 H/he-M mice manifested on being treated with
      vincristine, prospidium chloride and adriamycin. With M/O the tumors treated with
      prospidium chloride and adriamycin showed a greater proportion of connective
      stroma and numerous extensive parenchymatous necrosis. Ultrastructurally, in
      these groups, atypical mitoses were observed with multiple chromosomal
      fragmentations which can be related to the pharmacological action mechanism. A
      decrease in the number of viral particles was seen throughout the treatment.

PMID- 6571379
TI  - [Evolution of weight and survival of C3H mice with solid, subcutaneous sarcoma
      180, treated with radiotherapy, hyperthermia and a combination of hyperthermia
      and radiotherapy].
AB  - The authors make an experimental study of the weight evolution and survival rate
      of sarcoma 180-bearing C3H mice treated by combinations of radiotherapy and
      hyperthermia. The body weight increased progressively in control animals. The
      weight increase was less marked under the effect of radiotherapy, hyperthermia,
      and radiotherapy plus hyperthermia, in decreasing order. While tumor-bearing
      control animals died after an average of 26.6 days, 3.33, 16.67 and 76.67 per
      cent of the mice treated respectively by radiotherapy, hyperthermia, and
      radiotherapy plus hyperthermia were living after 90 days.

PMID- 6571380
TI  - [Cerebral metastasis, idiopathic pneumoperitoneum and obstructive jaundice as
      clinical manifestations of carcinoma of the pancreas].
AB  - A case of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma is described. The first symptoms
      were due to brain metastases and was then diagnosed as malignant glioma. The
      appearance of a sudden obstructive jaundice and pneumoperitoneum without any
      apparent cause led to the diagnosis of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma and
      peritoneal carcinomatosis, that was confirmed by the anatomicopathological study.

PMID- 6571381
TI  - [The hospital cancer registry. A study of the cases registered in 1977].
AB  - The authors describe the results of the hospital registry of tumors made at the
      National Institute of Oncology in Madrid, following the rules given by the cancer
      specialists of the World Health Organization. The studied cases correspond to the
      cancer patients that were seen during the year 1977 for the first time.

PMID- 6571382
TI  - Glucocorticoid effect on intranuclear localization of poly(ADP-ribose) in chick
      embryo liver.

PMID- 6571383
TI  - Uremic pleuritis--clinicopathological analysis of 26 autopsy cases.

PMID- 6571384
TI  - An autopsy case of extragenital choriocarcinoma in a male.

PMID- 6571385
TI  - Variation of alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor in patients with gastric cancer.

PMID- 6571386
TI  - Clinico-genetic study on "school refusal".

PMID- 6571387
TI  - Pemphigus.

PMID- 6571388
TI  - Perspectives and speculations.

PMID- 6571389
TI  - Animal models.

PMID- 6571390
TI  - Psychomental stress in tetraplegic man: dissociation in autonomic variables and
      emotional responsiveness.
AB  - Tetraplegic patients with physiologically complete cervical spinal cord
      transsection are classic ablation models of sympathetic denervation. Therefore
      this study was conducted to investigate the hemodynamic response (blood pressure,
      cardiac rate) and the plasma catecholamine (adrenaline, noradrenaline) release
      induced by a standardized psychomental stress model (sonic confuser). Attention
      was focussed on subjective evaluation of stress experience in spinal man. During
      psychomental stress, typical pressure reaction was not observed, cardiac rate was
      elevated insignificantly, and catecholamine release was diminished. The
      subjective estimates of stress experience, however, did not differ from those of
      the control group. It appears that psychomental stress in sympathectomized man is
      not extinguished despite abolished peripheral autonomic feedback modifying the
      state of the central nervous system. Cognitive processes and cortical arousal
      seem to be the initial and important steps of emotional experience and they are
      independent from peripheral autonomic processes. These results lend support to
      the centralistic view of emotions and the importance of cognitive factors in
      emotional responsiveness.

PMID- 6571391
TI  - Factors influencing first-year medical students' perceptions of stress.
AB  - This preliminary report from an ongoing longitudinal study of students at both
      Tufts and Harvard medical schools examined the relationship between premedical
      school demographic and stress variables and the numbers and types of stresses
      reported by students in open-ended interviews conducted during their first year
      of medical school. Analyses showed that the general categories of "medical school
      stresses" and "social stresses related to medical school" accounted for about two
      thirds of the total number of stresses mentioned. The overall distributions of
      stresses across general categories were remarkably similar in all student groups
      studied, although significant differences were found between students from
      different background groups on a number of the specific types of stress. No
      significant differences were found between groups as to those reporting a high
      total number of stresses. There did appear to be differences in the degree to
      which students felt affected by the stresses they reported, suggesting the need
      for additional data on the meanings of different stresses for different students
      and the ways in which they cope with them.

PMID- 6571392
TI  - Beliefs and fears underlying type A behavior: what makes Sammy run--so fast and
      aggressively?
AB  - Price has proposed that Type A behavior allows individuals to cope with fears and
      anxieties engendered by beliefs they develop about their environment through
      socialization. Three investigations tested her cognitive social learning model of
      Type A behavior by developing measures of beliefs and fears, and validating them
      against a standardized Type A measure, the Jenkins Activity Survey (two studies),
      and measures of Time Urgency, Hostility, Time for Reverie and Self-Centeredness
      (one study). Respondents provided data by completing questionnaires. Three
      beliefs and four fears were assessed. Findings indicated that the measures of
      beliefs and fears had desirable psychometric properties and produced modest
      relationships with the JAS, Time Urgency and Hostility. Future research
      directions and practical implications are offered.

PMID- 6571393
TI  - Dilemmas concerning the training of individuals for task performance under
      stress.
AB  - The relative effectiveness of five procedures for the training of individuals to
      perform tasks under stress was tested in a criterion situation, where subjects
      were requested to perform a visual search task under the threat of electric
      shocks. During training on the task, different groups of subjects received shocks
      of criterion-level intensity; milder than criterion-level intensity; gradually
      increasing intensity; randomly varying intensity. The last group received no
      shocks at all. The results pointed to three conditions for the enhancement of
      training effectiveness: minimal interference of exposure to stressors with task
      acquisition, familiarity with stressors characteristic of the criterion
      situation, and absence of unrealistic expectations about future stressors.
      However, none of the five training procedures meets all three conditions.
      Implications for the design of procedures whereby persons can be trained to
      perform proficiently under stress are discussed.

PMID- 6571395
TI  - Travel broadens...?

PMID- 6571394
TI  - Psychosocial stress, symptoms, and anxiety of male and female teachers in Greece.
AB  - Psychosocial stress as measured by a Greek adaptation of the Schedule of Recent
      Experiences (SRE) constructed by Holmes and Rahe was studied in relation to
      symptoms, manifest anxiety, visits to doctor, and health concerns using 129 male
      and female Greek elementary school teachers. Psychosocial stress was related to
      number of symptoms and to level of manifest anxiety only with women. Although no
      sex differences were found in average psychosocial ratings, males and females
      reported different stressful life events. Females reported more symptoms than
      males, and had higher manifest anxiety. Relationships of sex differences to
      cultural norms are discussed.

PMID- 6571396
TI  - Journeys between continents--sleeping around the world.

PMID- 6571397
TI  - Computer assisted health briefing for travellers.

PMID- 6571398
TI  - Lloyd Roberts Memorial Lecture. A choice of futures.

PMID- 6571400
TI  - The flying doctor service and primary health care in East Africa.

PMID- 6571399
TI  - The deaf child.

PMID- 6571401
TI  - The restoration of an image.

PMID- 6571402
TI  - Books from the Library of the Medical Society of London. An exhibition at the
      Wellcome Institute.

PMID- 6571403
TI  - Effects of voluntary muscle tension increases in tension headache.

PMID- 6571404
TI  - The significance of muscle discrimination training in the treatment of chronic
      muscle contraction headache.

PMID- 6571405
TI  - Differential efficacy of biofeedback in headache.

PMID- 6571406
TI  - A screening procedure for differentiating temporomandibular joint related
      headache.

PMID- 6571407
TI  - Atypical odontalgia: a localized form of atypical facial pain.

PMID- 6571408
TI  - Mood and migraine--a preliminary prospective study.

PMID- 6571409
TI  - Symposium on compensatory renal growth.

PMID- 6571411
TI  - Polyamine metabolism in compensatory renal growth.
AB  - The aliphatic polyamines, putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, appear to play an
      important role in many forms of rapid growth including embryonic, regenerative,
      hormone-induced, and neoplastic. While the exact biochemical function of
      polyamines is unclear, current evidence suggests they are probably involved in
      the biosynthesis and accumulation of nucleic acids and proteins. Increased levels
      of polyamines and their biosynthetic enzymes are associated with augmented kidney
      growth stimulated by renal mass extirpation, as well as by various hormones,
      toxins, and carcinogens. These observations are reviewed and additional data is
      provided pertaining to alterations in polyamine metabolism during compensatory
      renal growth following unilateral nephrectomy (uni). To further explore the
      effect of growth stimuli on renal polyamine synthesis, an in vitro system was
      employed which previously provided evidence for a circulating renal growth factor
      after unilateral nephrectomy. These in vitro observations underscore the rapid
      inducibility of ornithine decarboxylase, the rate limiting enzyme for polyamine
      biosynthesis; illustrate the association of polyamine and nucleic acid synthesis
      during enhanced kidney growth; and support the existence of a circulating renal
      growth regulator which apparently contributes to compensatory responses following
      loss of functional renal parenchyma.

PMID- 6571410
TI  - Messenger RNA regulation during compensatory renal growth.
AB  - The normal pattern of mRNA metabolism almost certainly becomes altered after
      uninephrectomy, especially during the first day when ribosomes accumulate in the
      proximal tubular cells of the remaining kidney. For example, within the first
      hour after nephrectomy, the fraction of newly synthesized poly(A)-deficient mRNA
      increases relative to poly(A)-containing mRNA. Investigation of other growth
      specific regulatory changes in renal mRNA has been complicated by its
      heterogeneity with respect to translational activity, polyadenylate content,
      membrane association, and cytoplasmic distribution. In general, analysis of
      kidney mRNA metabolism during growth has not been sufficiently thorough in that
      few timepoints have been examined after nephrectomy and the techniques used have
      been suited primarily to the study of only abundant mRNA sequences. Application
      of recombinant DNA methods should eliminate these difficulties and permit
      quantitative measurement of growth-specific genetic events during compensatory
      growth of the kidney.

PMID- 6571412
TI  - Adenosine and compensatory renal growth.

PMID- 6571413
TI  - Renal growth in response to unilateral ureteral obstruction.

PMID- 6571414
TI  - Effect of age on compensatory renal growth.
AB  - Studies in experimental animals and humans have demonstrated that adaptive
      compensatory changes in renal growth and function are influenced substantially by
      the age of the subject at the time that viable renal tissue is removed surgically
      or destroyed by disease. The compensatory response is enhanced in neonatal
      subjects, compared to the adult, when normal renal growth is characterized by
      hyperplasia, while in later life the response is blunted, in association with
      renal senescence and a decline in both mass and renal function.

PMID- 6571415
TI  - Renotrophic factors in urine.
AB  - Our previous observations of increased renal protein synthesis in rats subjected
      to the constant intravenous reinfusion of half their urine output has suggested
      that the circulatory retention of renotrophic factors in urine is capable of
      stimulating renal growth. In the present studies, using this same model of "half
      urine-reinfusion," which is designed to produce a selective halving of renal
      excretory function, we have demonstrated significant increases in total DNA
      content and the incorporation of tritiated thymidine in renal DNA. In addition, a
      bioassay method was developed in which an assay rat, given an intravenous
      infusion of urine from another rat, exhibited increases in the incorporation of
      thymidine into renal DNA and the incorporation of radiolabelled choline into
      renal phospholipid. This renotrophic activity in the urine was only minimally
      decreased by heating to 100 degrees C for 30 min and was confined to
      ultrafiltration fractions retained on a membrane with a nominal 10,000-dalton
      solute rejection. Removal of one kidney from the rats from which the urine was
      obtained led to only a modest and transient reduction in the excretion of
      renotrophic activity, suggesting that the urinary renotrophic factors are of
      circulatory, not renal, origin. Isolated renal cortical fragments incubated with
      an ultrafiltration retentate of urine displayed a dose-dependent increase in
      choline incorporation into phospholipid, suggesting a direct action of the
      factors on kidney tissue. Finally, no evidence of stimulation of either DNA or
      phospholipid synthesis could be seen in hepatic tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6571416
TI  - In vitro evidence from tissue cultures to prove existence of rabbit and human
      renotropic growth factor.
AB  - When synchronized primary rabbit kidney monolayer cell cultures were incubated
      with a medium that contained uninephrectomized rabbit serum, the incorporation of
      tritiated thymidine into DNA was much greater than that with a medium that
      contained normal rabbit serum. The maximal growth-stimulating activity of
      uninephrectomized rabbit serum on thymidine incorporation into confluent
      monolayer cultures and sparsely cultured cells was increased approximately two-
      and fivefold, respectively, above that of normal serum. We conclude that
      uninephrectomized sera contain a growth-stimulating factor. Similarly, sera from
      a uninephrectomized human kidney donor and a cancer patient stimulated primary
      human kidney cell cultures to incorporate tritiated thymidine at levels far
      beyond those with their prenephrectomized sera. The maximal growth-stimulating
      activities of uninephrectomized human sera with confluent monolayer cultures and
      sparsely cultured cells were approximately six- and 13-fold, respectively, above
      those with the prenephrectomized sera. Thus, the maximal growth-stimulating
      activity in uninephrectomized human sera was much greater than that in
      uninephrectomized rabbit sera. Differences in the maximal growth-stimulating
      activities may be due to differences in the relative number of cell types, for
      example, epithelial versus fibroblast, present in these kidney cell cultures. By
      the use of primary cultured cells from other organs such as rabbit skin and human
      prostate and primary kidney cultures from three species (rabbit, human, and
      hamster), the growth-stimulating factor in uninephrectomized sera showed organ
      specificity, that is, renotropic and species specificity in this in vitro assay
      system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6571417
TI  - Renotropic growth factor found in cancer patient sera after removal of cancer
      bearing kidney.
AB  - We have used two sets of primary human kidney culture systems for assaying human
      renotropic growth factor in day 5 postnephrectomized human sera. The first set of
      primary kidney cell cultures was prepared from one hydronephrotic kidney and used
      for assaying the renotropic growth stimulating activity of six kidney cancer
      patients sera simultaneously. The level of renotropic growth-stimulating activity
      varies from patient to patient. The postnephrectomized sera of three patients
      showed rather small (27 to 68%) increase over their prenephrectomized sera. The
      postnephrectomized sera of the remaining three patients showed a much greater
      (2.69- to 3.19-fold) increase over their prenephrectomized sera. Variation in the
      growth-stimulating activities produced in these uninephrectomized kidney cancer
      patients is most probably due to different levels of renal function loss by
      removal of the cancer-bearing kidney. Each cancer-bearing kidney has a different
      proportion of healthy kidney region to diseased (nonfunctional) region. The
      second set of primary kidney cell cultures was prepared from a healthy
      noncancerous region of a cancer-bearing kidney and used to assay for renotropic
      growth-stimulating activities in two different unilaterally nephrectomized kidney
      transplantation donor sera. Increased levels of growth-stimulating activity are
      quite similar and high (4.19- to 4.79-fold increase above their prenephrectomized
      sera). These high and similar assay values of the renotropic growth factor
      produced in two healthy humans suggest the sensitivity and reliability of the
      assay method with the use of the noncancerous cells from the cancer-bearing
      kidney.

PMID- 6571418
TI  - Serum renotropic activity and renal growth in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
AB  - Studies performed in the 1950's suggested that a circulating factor controlling
      renal growth (renotropin) could contribute to hypertension. However, no assay was
      available to prove its existence. Recently, different assays have been able to
      demonstrate the presence of a circulating renotropic factor following unilateral
      nephrectomy in rats. Therefore, we investigated certain aspects of renal growth
      in SHR, especially serum renotropic activity, and compared these with the same
      parameters in three strains of normotensive rats (SD, NWR, and WKY). Renal slice
      and renal DNA synthesis in response to unilateral nephrectomy were not unusual in
      SHR compared to other strains previously studied. Sera and renal extracts from
      young SHR following unilateral nephrectomy compared to sera and renal extracts
      from sham-operated SHR stimulated 3H-thymidine incorporation into the DNA of
      renal fragments. This pattern was similar to findings when sera and renal
      extracts from unilaterally nephrectomized SD were investigated, but the sera and
      extracts from SHR may have shown greater overall stimulation. Interestingly, a
      relative increase in renotropic activity was found in the serum of untouched SHR
      (11.1% +/- 1.7 (SEM), P less than 0.001) but not untouched NWR, SD, and WKY. The
      greatest renotropic activity in SHR was found at 6 to 16 weeks of age (13.5% +/-
      2.1 (SEM), P less than 0.001). The previously reported activator found in renal
      tissue after unilateral nephrectomy was not found to be increased in untouched
      SHR. No studies were performed on SHR greater than 25 weeks of age. As a first
      approximation, our investigations are consistent with a previously hypothesis
      that renotropin may play some role in hypertension.

PMID- 6571419
TI  - Renal hypertrophy in experimental diabetes mellitus.
AB  - The kidney changes seen in rats shortly after the induction of experimental
      diabetes were reviewed: Kidney weight increases by 15 to 20% during the first 4
      to 5 days of diabetes and by 70 to 90% after some weeks. GFR increases after a
      lag-time of some days in parallel to kidney weight. Morphometric analysis shows
      glomerular hypertrophy to be prominent during the first few days of diabetes. The
      glomerular filtration surface increases by 40% after 4 days. Diabetic renal
      hypertrophy is related to the severity of the diabetes, and kidney growth rate
      relates linearly to blood glucose. Moderate diabetes mellitus and unilateral
      nephrectomy have approximately the same effect on the kidney (weight increase
      20%/4 days). When diabetes mellitus and nephrectomy are combined, renal growth
      rate almost doubles.

PMID- 6571420
TI  - Abstracts. Italian Society of Nephrology. Verona, Italy, June 10-12, 1982.

PMID- 6571421
TI  - A retrieval model for both recognition and recall.

PMID- 6571422
TI  - Assessment of covariation by humans and animals: the joint influence of prior
      expectations and current situational information.

PMID- 6571423
TI  - Personality, motivation, and performance: a theory of the relationship between
      individual differences and information processing.

PMID- 6571424
TI  - Role of unconditioned and conditioned drug effects in the self-administration of
      opiates and stimulants.

PMID- 6571425
TI  - Automatic and controlled processing revisited.

PMID- 6571426
TI  - The existence of posterior internuclear ophthalmoplegia.

PMID- 6571427
TI  - Inhibition of salivary and lacrimal secretion by an enkephalin analogue (FK33
      824).

PMID- 6571428
TI  - Perimetry update.
AB  - The possible applications of computer-assisted static perimetry are examined
      after five years of personal controlled studies of different types of
      computerized perimeters. The common advantage of all computer-assisted perimeters
      is the elimination of the influence of the perimetrist on the results. However,
      some perimeters are fully computer-assisted and some are only partially so. Even
      after complete elimination of the perimetrist's influence, some physiological and
      psychological influences remain due to the patient and will cause fluctuations of
      the results. In perimeters, the density of the grid and the adaptive strategy of
      exact threshold measurement are important in obtaining reproducible results. A
      compromise between duration of the test and exactness has to be found. The most
      acceptable compromise seems to be an uneven distribution of stimuli, which form a
      denser grid in areas of special interest and a wider grid in areas less likely to
      be involved, combined with exact threshold measurements only in suspicious areas.
      Multiple stimulus presentation is not adequate. High sensitivity of screening is
      not a great advantage, unless combined with a high specificity. We have shown
      that using the same stimulus luminosity for center and periphery (a nonadaptive
      strategy) produces nonspecific results. Only an adaptive strategy can result in
      high sensitivity and specificity. Adaptive strategy means that the luminosity of
      the stimulus is adapted to the individual threshold curve of the visual field. In
      addition, the exact individual thresholds are bracketed by small up and down
      steps of variation in luminosity. In some cases, scanning programs with two
      levels of adaptation can be sufficient. The user of modern perimeters must
      understand such terms as: asb, dB, presentation time, and diameter of stimuli.
      Projection of stimuli is preferred to light emitting diodes or glass fiber
      optics. The programs (software) of the modern instruments are of the greatest
      importance, because the clinical experience that the perimetrist had to acquire
      in previous manual perimetry is incorporated in these programs. In the Octopus
      perimeter a delta program is available that differentiates patient fluctuations
      that may be insignificant from directed significant alterations of the field
      which might require alteration of therapy. The programs are listed for different
      computer-assisted perimeters, and their choice is described. The costs of the
      perimeters are also given. Many controlled clinical studies are quoted briefly
      where they are useful for understanding the discussion. A brief chapter deals
      with the reliability of the perimetric test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6571429
TI  - A new technique of visual field evaluation for unilateral ptosis.
AB  - A technique of uniocular visual field testing under binocular viewing conditions
      for evaluation of unilateral ptosis is described. The eye with the nonptotic lid
      is covered with a red filter, and both eyes fixate the white fixation light while
      a green test light is used. The resultant field reveals the true functional field
      loss due to the ptosis and avoids changes due to the patient elevating his brow.

PMID- 6571430
TI  - Alport's syndrome and retinal telangiectasia.
AB  - A 30-year-old woman with Alport's syndrome was noted to have unilateral retinal
      telangiectasia. Intravenous fluorescein angiography was performed to help
      establish the diagnosis. Photocoagulation was not done since visual acuity was
      good and there was no apparent threat at this time to central vision. To our
      knowledge, this is the first reported association of retinal telangiectasia with
      Alport's syndrome.

PMID- 6571431
TI  - Early management of retinal problems associated with prematurity: cryothermy
      treatment.
AB  - From July 1, 1975 through June 30, 1981 one observer (CDF) examined premature
      infants at Kern Medical Center and Memorial Hospital nurseries. The infants were
      all considered high risk cases for development of retinopathy of prematurity.
      During the five-year period 927 infants were examined at the two facilities.

PMID- 6571432
TI  - Pediatric aphakic glaucoma.
AB  - Three cases of pediatric open-angle aphakic glaucoma are presented. These
      patients had congenital cataracts extracted by the extracapsular techniques of
      phacofragmentation or irrigation and aspiration. Each required a secondary
      membranectomy and had development of glaucoma six to 25 months after cataract
      extraction. Surgical therapy was required in each case of glaucoma, and multiple
      procedures were necessary. Visual outcome in the involved eye was less than
      20/400. The cause of the open-angle aphakic glaucoma is most likely secondary to
      damage to the trabecular meshwork initiated by uveitis and lens remnants. We urge
      ophthalmologists who perform pediatric cataract surgery to use phacofragmentation
      of the cataract and posterior capsule and anterior vitrectomy with vitrectomy
      instrumentation. This should reduce the incidence of secondary membranes and
      glaucoma. Ophthalmologists should be aware of this complication and the necessity
      of prolonged patient follow-up.

PMID- 6571433
TI  - Inheritance and the pigmentary dispersion syndrome.
AB  - We studied 23 patients in four families and have found that ten of these patients
      fulfill criteria for the pigmentary dispersion syndrome. Affected patients had
      characteristics associated with the pigmentary dispersion syndrome, which are:
      peripheral slit-like iris transillumination defects, increased trabecular
      meshwork pigmentation, Krukenberg spindle, myopia, and elevated intraocular
      pressure. We observed this syndrome to be transmitted in a direct linear manner
      from parent to sibling in three of the four families. The transmission of this
      syndrome was found to be independent of refractive error, iris color, and sexual
      predilection; all of which will be presented.

PMID- 6571434
TI  - Segmental retinal periarteritis with branch arterial occlusion.
AB  - An 18-year-old woman complained of acute visual field loss in the right eye due
      to branch arterial occlusion. Similar disease occurred in the left eye two years
      later. Extensive laboratory examination revealed no factor of etiologic
      significance, and no sign of uveitis was observed. The retinal arterioles around
      the optic disc were segmentally inflamed angiographically, which led to their
      obstruction. Corticosteroid therapy (betamethazone, 3.0 mg/day) improved the
      arteriolitis within two weeks.

PMID- 6571435
TI  - Natural abundance 13C NMR spectra of human muscle, normal and diseased.
AB  - 13C NMR spectra of human surgical muscle samples have been obtained at 50 and 118
      MHz. Numerous sharp peaks in the 13C spectrum have been assigned to carbon atoms
      of soluble metabolites and fatty acyl chains of neutral fats and membrane-bound
      phospholipids. Comparisons have been made of 13C NMR spectra of normal and
      diseased muscles after removal of neutral fat by extraction with isopentane.
      Creatine, lactic acid, and phospholipids are not removed from muscles by
      isopentane. The most striking difference between 13C NMR spectra of isopentane
      extracted normal and diseased muscle samples was the size of the residual 30.5
      ppm methylene carbon resonance, that is, small in normal muscles and in
      nonspecific muscle diseases, but large in myogenic and neurogenic muscle
      diseases. In addition, differences were also found between normal and diseased
      muscles in their creatine content and their ability to produce lactic acid. By
      deoxycholate treatment of isopentane-extracted diseased muscle it is estimated
      that about one-fifth of the total phospholipids are highly mobile. T1 and NOE
      measurements indicated that the differences in peak height for the 30.5 ppm
      resonance between normal and diseased muscle are due only to difference in the
      amount of highly mobile fatty acyl chains in the muscle and not due to
      differences in relaxation parameters. 13C NMR of isopentane-extracted muscle
      appears to permit differentiation of normal from diseased muscle and, within
      diseased muscle, grading of the severity of the disease.

PMID- 6571436
TI  - Magnet field profiling: analysis and correcting coil design.
AB  - A full mathematical framework for the analysis and production of localized
      magnetic field profiles is presented. Of primary use in the production of highly
      homogeneous fields for nuclear magnetic resonance studies, the paper details the
      analysis of fields in terms of spherical harmonics, describes how field plotting
      in the appropriate manner may be used to obtain a direct measure of which
      harmonics are present, and shows how to combine basic "building blocks" to
      produce the various lower-order zonal and tesseral harmonics. "Building blocks"
      described include coils, arcs, and sinusoids of current as well as rings and arcs
      of steel. The use of shaped magnets is also briefly mentioned. Attention is drawn
      to the presence, in high-order designs, of possibly dominant lower orders of
      harmonics created by errors in fabrication. The goal of the paper is to present a
      design philosophy, backed by the appropriate mathematics, which is applicable to
      the variety of situations encountered in magnet design. Practical examples of
      correcting coils and "shims" are also given.

PMID- 6571437
TI  - The NMR diagnosis of cerebral tumors.
AB  - The results of NMR examinations in 52 patients with histological or clinical
      diagnoses of cerebral tumor are reviewed. An increase in relaxation time was
      recognized in all tumors but problems were experienced in distinguishing the
      margin of tumors from surrounding edema. Mass effects were well demonstrated as a
      result of the high level of gray-white matter contrast available with inversion
      recovery sequences and the use of coronal and sagittal imaging planes. In general
      repeated FID sequences were less sensitive in detecting tumors than inversion
      recovery or spin-echo sequences. Periventricular edema was well demonstrated with
      spin-echo sequences and was of importance in recognizing acute or subacute
      hydrocephalus. Radiation therapy was associated with increased relaxation times
      particularly within white matter. Problems in the recognition of tumor recurrence
      following treatment are outlined. The opportunities and challenges that NMR
      imaging is now providing for physicists and radiologists are discussed.

PMID- 6571439
TI  - The observer SNR penalty for reconstructions from projections.

PMID- 6571438
TI  - Composition and relaxation of the proton magnetization of human enamel and its
      contribution to the tooth NMR image.
AB  - The spin-spin, T2, and spin-lattice, T1, relaxation times and the magnetization
      of protons were measured in human enamel. The proton free induction decay was
      analyzed into solid-like interstitial water, enamel apatite, and semiliquid-like
      water components. The solid-like interstitial water was evaluated to be
      approximately 5 wt% and the semiliquid-like water to be approximately 1 to 2%.
      Neither in wet nor in dry natural enamel does the solid water exchange upon
      deuteration nor can it be extracted in vacuum. The semiliquid natural water,
      which is in the closed pores of the structure in the two samples above also
      remains unexchanged upon an 8 hr deuteration and cannot be extracted in a vacuum.
      With the lineshape-relaxation correlation NMR the free induction decays from
      heads and tails of the enamel rods were resolved. The solid-like water with T2 of
      approximately 14 microseconds and the apatite with a T2 of approximately 61
      microseconds have T2's too short to be observed in an NMR zeugmatogram. Therefore
      only the semiliquid water component having an apparent T*2 of about 240
      microseconds would contribute to the NMR image of human enamel. Since the
      relative intensity of this proton magnetization component in tooth is quite small
      the NMR image of tooth would show primarily the dentin and liquids within the
      tooth and on its surface.

PMID- 6571440
TI  - Abstracts of papers presented at the second annual meeting of the Society of
      Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. August 16-19, 1983, San Francisco, California.

PMID- 6571441
TI  - [Alprazolam versus lorazepam in the treatment of anxiety: controlled clinical
      study].
AB  - 58 patients suffering from anxiety neurosis were divided into two groups, matched
      for age, sex, marital status and symptomatology. In a double-blind trial of 4
      weeks' duration one group (28 patients) received alprazolam 0.75-3 mg/day and the
      other (30 patients) received lorazepam 3-12 mg/day. Both groups showed a steady
      and significant reduction in anxiety levels as measured by Hamilton Anxiety
      Rating Scale and Clinical Global Impression scores at 0, 1, 2 and 4 weeks.
      However, there was no significant difference in measured anxiety levels between
      the two groups at any stage. Fewer side effects were reported in the alprazolam
      treatment group, with the mental confusion symptom occurring significantly less
      often.

PMID- 6571442
TI  - [Schizoaffective psychoses: review of nosographic concepts and longitudinal
      clinical study].
AB  - A through review of the literature relating to the schizoaffective psychoses was
      undertaken; the considerable variety of criteria used for diagnosis accounts for
      the diversity of the results obtained by various researchers. In order to
      identify a homogeneous group of schizoaffective patients, four parameters, on
      which the literature is in agreement were formulated. These have enabled us to
      isolate 27 schizoaffective subjects and to compare them with two control groups:
      25 cases of schizophrenia and 26 cases of maniac-depressive psychosis. On the
      basis of the symptomatological and social variables considered (age of onset,
      cultural level, social adaptation, family history, early and recent events,
      response to short-term pharmacological treatment, symptomatology during the
      observation period), we believe that we are able to distinguish schizoaffective
      subjects from both schizophrenic and dysthymic subjects.

PMID- 6571443
TI  - [Body illness and changes in verbal communication. Study of the alexithymic
      phenomenon in somatic disease].
AB  - The Schalling--Sifneos Personality Scale was administered to several groups of
      subjects (patient suffering from chronic hepatitis or from ulcerative colitis,
      patients undergoing chronic periodic haemodialysis, encephalopathic patient and
      healthy subjects) in order to assess the presence of alexithymia in healthy
      subjects, in patients suffering from chronic organic pathologies and in
      psychosomatic patients. The results obtained permit one to distinguish the
      psychosomatic patients from other groups of subjects: compared to healthy
      subjects, patients suffering from ulcerous rectocolitis obtained higher average
      scores, while compared to patients suffering from other organic pathologies their
      scores showed a wider scatter. A distinction is therefore proposed between
      primary alexithymia, of a distinctive cognitive-affective kind which predisposes
      towards psychosomatic pathology, and secondary alexithymia which is associated
      with stressful situations, such as illness, and which is essentially defensive in
      origin.

PMID- 6571444
TI  - [Crossed aphasia: considerations on a clinical case].
AB  - A right-handed patient with no family history of either neurological disorders or
      of left-handedness was affected by crossed aphasia due to a focal hemorrhagic
      lesion in the right hemisphere at the level of the basal ganglia. The CAT-scan
      revealed the site of the brain change. Our case is uncommon in that the aphasia.
      Assessed by neuropsychological tests, was associated with impairment of right
      functions such as visual and spatial cognition. Thus he does not fit the classic
      description of crossed aphasia, exhibiting instead language disorders similar to
      those following deep brain lesions. Various hypotheses were considered in
      attempting to explain the pathogenesis of our neurological data, none of which
      proved adequate to account for all the reported findings.

PMID- 6571445
TI  - [Myxedematous cerebellar ataxia. Description of a case].
AB  - The case of a 64-year-old patient with a severe cerebellar ataxia of unknown
      origin, dating back at least three years, is described. The patient was diagnosed
      as suffering from hypothyroidism and after one month of replacement therapy with
      thyroxine there was complete remission both of the myxedema symptoms and of the
      cerebellar syndrome. The possible association between cerebellar ataxia and
      myxedema was thus confirmed. The writers stress the importance of identifying
      this uncommon clinical entity especially in view of the excellent results of
      thyroxine treatment.

PMID- 6571446
TI  - [Correlations between EEG and CT in 79 cases of dementia].
AB  - An EEG and CT study was carried out on 79 patients affected by dementia (24 SDAT
      and 55 MID). The EEG and CT patterns were compared with those of an age-matched
      control group. Statistical analysis of the CT findings between the demented and
      normal subjects showed significant differences only for severe atrophy. As far as
      EEG findings are concerned, no EEG pattern indicative of a specific type of
      dementia was observed even though a greater number of abnormal EEGs occurred in
      demented patients than in the control group. Finally, a poor EEG-CT correlation
      was found in demented patients.

PMID- 6571447
TI  - [Cranial injury disclosing an asymptomatic arachnoid cyst of the sylvian fossa].
AB  - In a 21 year-old man suffering from a post-traumatic neurotic syndrome, the
      cranial CT scan revealed an arachnoid cyst in the left Sylvian fissure, which had
      been completely asymptomatic before. The surgical emptying of the cyst modified
      neither the CT finding nor the neurotic syndrome. The latter disappeared once the
      insurance controversy was resolved. After a review of the etio-pathogenesis of
      arachnoid cysts, our patient's malformation was identified as the so-called
      "Temporal Lobe Agenesis Syndrome". On that basis, any medico-legal correlation
      between the head injury and the cystic malformation was excluded.

PMID- 6571448
TI  - [Interaction between schooling and physiognomic recognition: neuropsychological
      study in a group of patients with unilateral brain lesions].
AB  - Groups of left-hemisphere damaged patients, right-hemisphere damaged patients and
      controls were given the facial recognition test of Benton and Van Allen.
      Educational level was found to be relevant with regard to the performance of the
      brain damaged groups, such that a difference between left and right hemisphere
      damaged groups became apparent only in patients with higher (greater than 5
      years) schooling. The implications of the results are discussed.

PMID- 6571449
TI  - [Intracerebral tuberculoma. Clinical and x-ray computed tomographic
      characteristics].
AB  - Intracranial tuberculomas have become uncommon in industrial nations, while they
      still have a high incidence in underdeveloped countries. Four cases of
      intracerebral supratentorial tuberculomas are reported in this paper. Clinical
      findings suggestive of tuberculosis were present in only one case. The other
      cases were thought to be gliomas or metastases and the diagnosis was made only
      after surgery. The CT scan provided a good image of the lesions whose
      characteristics, however, were diagnostically confusing. When a tuberculoma is
      suspected, medical therapy alone should be administered initially. Surgery should
      be resorted to in cases of markedly increased intracranial pressure.

PMID- 6571450
TI  - Familial hypokalemic paralysis: a case study.
AB  - A case of hypokalemic periodic paralysis, is reported, characterized by a
      positive family history and by repeated attacks of transient motor weakness since
      the age of 14 involving one all limbs. An induction test under ECG and EMG
      monitoring, carried out by infusing glucose and insulin when the patient was
      symptom-free, provoked motor paresis comparable to the spontaneous attacks and
      confirmed the diagnosis.

PMID- 6571452
TI  - [Italian Society of Neurology. Gorizia, 1 June 1986. Abstracts].

PMID- 6571451
TI  - [Late myelopathy caused by ionizing radiation. Considerations on 3 cases].
AB  - Three cases of tardive myelopathy were identified among more than one thousand
      patients treated for tumors by X-rays at the Institute of Radiology of the
      University of Florence during the period 1974-83. In two of these, the clinical
      picture was that of a partial Brown-Sequard syndrome while in the third case it
      corresponded to a transverse myelitis. The myelopathy of the former patients can
      be attributed to the total radiation dose, which was very close to the tolerance
      limit. The third patient's disturbance, instead, involved additional factors of
      individual hypersensitivity of connective vascular tissue in response to the X
      ray treatment. These cases, while few in number and lacking pathological
      investigation, call attention to this iatrogenic disorder which, though rare now
      thanks to progress in limiting radiation exposure, has not yet disappeared.

PMID- 6571453
TI  - Psychological and demographic characteristics of persons reporting out-of-body
      experiences.
AB  - Three hundred, thirty-nine subjects who reported out-of-body experiences were
      compared to 81 subjects who had a strong interest in such phenomena but had not
      had the experience. They were also compared with several other groups on a scale
      of psychological adjustment. No distinctive psychological profile could be
      delineated, but the OBE subjects were less danger-seeking than the comparison
      group. Also, they showed significantly better psychological adjustment than a
      group of psychiatric patients and were roughly equivalent to a group of randomly
      selected college students. Demographic factors were discussed.

PMID- 6571454
TI  - Possible lithium-induced extrapyramidal effects in Alzheimer's disease.
AB  - Extrapyramidal symptomatology has previously been reported in patients on long
      term lithium maintenance. This report emphasizes that, in the presence of organic
      mental disorder, even brief treatment with lithium may induce severe
      extrapyramidal signs. Furthermore, toxicity to lithium may occur even though
      serum lithium levels are at therapeutic levels. Following termination of lithium,
      symptoms subsided quickly in one patient (five days), but more slowly in the
      other (16 days). Possible pathophysiology of this phenomenon is discussed.

PMID- 6571455
TI  - Psychosocial crises of older men.

PMID- 6571456
TI  - Perspectives on borderline subtypes--overview of current research.
AB  - This paper has reviewed recent efforts to subtype patients within the borderline
      group. An overview of current definitions of the borderline syndrome was followed
      by a critical evaluation of recent empirical investigations designed to subtype
      within the larger domain of borderline pathology. Studies of borderline patients
      have, in large part, been based on the descriptive-phenomenological approach. It
      has been argued that while establishing a reliable diagnosis based on signs and
      symptoms provides internal validation for current theories of the borderline
      syndromes, studies providing external validating criteria are sorely needed.

PMID- 6571457
TI  - Borderline disorders: diagnosis, genetics and personality factors.

PMID- 6571458
TI  - A Hamilton subscale for endogenomorphic depression.
AB  - The validity of a scale for endogenomorphic depression derived from the Hamilton
      Rating Scale for Depression was studied in 147 women outpatients with primary
      depression. Endogenomorphicity scores were bimodally distributed, with 53% of the
      sample considered high (score greater than 7) and 47% considered low for
      endogenomorphicity. This cutting point significantly predicted RDC (81%) and DSM
      III (64%) diagnoses of endogenous or nonendogenous depression. The high
      endogenomorphicity group also scored significantly higher on a number of measures
      of depressive symptomatology and social impairment. Further directions for
      research and potential applications of this scale were discussed.

PMID- 6571459
TI  - Therapeutic milieu and clinical improvement.
AB  - While studies of the interpersonal environment of psychiatric hospitals have
      compared one ward or unit with another, there are no reports relating a patient's
      perception of a treatment unit to his clinical coruse on the unit. In this study
      conducted on an acute psychiatric ward of a general hospital, the Community
      Oriented Program Environment Scale (COPES) of Rudolph Moos was used as a measure
      of the patient's conception of an ideal ward and the patient's perception of the
      actual ward. The Nurses Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE) was
      used to rate psychopathology. Patient's perceptions of the actual ward, of an
      ideal ward, and differences between actual and ideal were not related to initial
      pathology or improvement over time. Research and clinical implications of these
      findings are discussed.

PMID- 6571460
TI  - Marital intimacy and neurosis.

PMID- 6571461
TI  - Toward the separation of memory and hope: applications of psychoanalysis to art
      in the writings of Martha Wolfenstein.
AB  - My aim in the foregoing article has been to demonstrate, by a brief study of
      Martha Wolfenstein's selected works, the value of applying clinically derived
      interpretative schema to the realm of art. It has not been possible here to
      recapitulate in all its intricacy the argument of each of Wolfenstein's papers
      under discussion; only a thorough reading of her papers themselves can provide
      that measure of detail. Beginning with an overview of Wolfenstein's theoretical
      contributions to the theme of parental loss in childhood, I have shown how her
      psychoanalytic understanding of this theme is brought to bear on the artistic
      products of both a poet and a painter who were themselves in childhood bereaved,
      as were the patients in Wolfenstein's clinical case studies. I hope in so doing
      to have conveyed a sense of the range and depth of Wolfenstein's work. I believe
      her work offers us a legacy not only substantive but paradigmatic, a legacy of
      humane concerns, passionate scholarship, remarkable ingenuity, and stunning leaps
      of insight.

PMID- 6571462
TI  - [Nucleus motorius lateralis in the lumbosacral segment of the spinal cord in
      horses].
AB  - Two medullae oblongatae of horses were cut into 15 microns cross-sections and
      stained according to the modified method of Nissel. The lateral motor nucleus
      lies in the lateral and median part of the ventral column of spinal cord grey
      matter. It adjoins medially nucleus motorius medialis of the spinal ventral
      column. Cells of this nucleus occur both along the whole lumbar and sacral
      segment of the spinal cord. In the lateral motor nucleus three cell groups are
      distinguished-median, basal and lateral. The latter is divided in some segments
      into subgroups-dorsal and ventral. Along the nucleus quite numerous constrictions
      and intervals are found, which are caused by various numbers of cells in
      particular cross-sections. Nucleus motorius lateralis is formed mainly of large
      and medium multipolar or single spindle cells.

PMID- 6571463
TI  - [Nucleus motorius medialis in the lumbosacral segment of the spinal cord in
      horses].
AB  - The studies carried out on 2 spinal cords of horses showed that cells of the
      medial motor nucleus (nucleus motorius medialis) are present in all neuromers of
      the lumbar and sacral segment of the spinal cord. It lies in the medial part of
      grey matter of the ventral column, neighbouring laterally and ventrally with
      cells of the lateral motor nucleus, whereas dorsally with cells of the nucleus of
      the ventral commissural horn. Along the nucleus numerous constrictions and
      intervals are found, which are connected with various numbers of nerve cells in
      particular cross-sections.

PMID- 6571464
TI  - [Studies on the biologic and allergenic properties of various avian and atypical
      Mycobacteria isolated from swine].
AB  - Thirty two strains of Myc. avium showing typical or atypical cultural and
      biochemical properties, and 8 strains of atypical bacilli, belonging to II, III
      and IV Runyon's groups, were inoculated into guinea-pigs, rabbits and chickens.
      All the Myc. avium strains were not pathogenic for guinea-pigs but were very
      virulent to rabbits and chickens. The atypical bacilli were not pathogenic for
      all the animals to be used, but some of them induced tuberculin allergy. Myc.
      avium, Myc. fortuitum, strain of scotochromogenic bacilli--all isolated from pigs
      and Myc. avium D4, were used for study of the sensitizing properties. The
      experiments were performed on albinotic guinea-pigs sensitized intramuscularly
      and young pigs sensitized per os. The results showed that avian bacilli possessed
      much stronger sensitizing properties than Myc. fortuitum or scotochromogenic
      bacilli. Tuberculin allergy caused by atypical bacilli usually lasts for a short
      time. However, infection of pigs with atypical bacilli can sometimes allergical
      diagnosis of swine tuberculosis difficult.

PMID- 6571465
TI  - [Characteristics and variability of microflora in steamed common sausage during
      the post-production storage period].
AB  - The quantitative level and variability of microorganism groups of sanitary
      character, occurring in common sausage in the post-production period of storing
      at different temperatures was determined. Eleven microorganism groups were
      determined, taking into consideration the following variation factors: three
      storing temperatures (4 degrees, 10 degrees and 20 degrees C), progressing
      storing periods up to 120 hr, two different production sites, two year's seasons.
      With the time of storing the number of microorganisms was found to increase the
      faster the higher the temperature was. Significant differences in contamination
      between the temperatures were observed after 24 hr for 20 degrees C, and after 96
      hr for 10 degrees C. A similar relationship was found for proteolytic,
      psychrophilic, greening microorganisms and fungi. On analysing the effect of the
      storing period it was found: for 4 degrees--absence of variation of total
      contamination till 96 hr, for 10 degrees--till 48 hr, and for 20 degrees C--till
      24 hr. At 4 degrees C a slow growth, frequently insignificant even up to 120 hr,
      of other microorganisms was found. At 10 degrees C differences were observed
      after 48-78 hr, and at 20 degrees C frequently as early as after 24 hr. From the
      summary of the per cent number, the individual groups of microorganisms in
      general contamination after 120 hr of storing, a considerable increase in the
      number of proteolytic microflora can be concluded. The correlation of
      quantitative variations in storing between total contamination and some selected
      microorganisms groups was significant in all cases.

PMID- 6571466
TI  - [Dynamics of decomposition processes in steamed common sausage under various
      storage conditions].
AB  - The studies were carried out to determine the dynamics of decomposition processes
      of common sausage kept at three temperatures (4, 10 and 20 degrees C) for about
      120 hr. Moreover, two different production sites and two year's seasons as
      variation factors were taken into consideration. The following decomposition
      indicators as durability standards were assumed: pH values, quantitative level of
      ammonia and hydrogen sulfide and organoleptic changes. Temperature and periods of
      sausage storing were the factors of statistically significant variation of
      sausage pH as well as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide quantitative levels.
      Significantly higher values of these indicators, however were found only for
      sausages kept at 20 degrees C, as compared with the sausages at 4 and 10 degrees
      C, between which no significant differences occurred. In organoleptic evaluation
      of sausages kept at 4 for 120 hr, the particular characteristics were on the
      level of approved edibility; at 10 degrees C the sausages reached their edibility
      limit, i.e. 3.0 points, after 96 hr, and at 20 degrees C the time limit was 48
      hr.

PMID- 6571467
TI  - [Cytogenetic studies of hybridization in wild boars (Sus scrofa ferus) and
      domestic swine (Sus scrofa dom.)].
AB  - In cytogenetic studies on 2 domestic sows (male) crossed with a wild boar
      (female) karyotype 2n = 37,XX was found. The localization of G brands permitted
      to confirm that the submetacentric chromosome in in the hybrids inherited from
      the European wild boar corresponds to 2 acrocentric chromosomes of pair 15 and 17
      fused by centromeres in the domestic pig. Both sows had regular, 18-day sexual
      cycles. After covering with the wild boar they become pregnant and gave birth to
      alive progeny. Polymorphism of chromosomes in Suidae and its relation to the
      effects of hybridization is discussed.

PMID- 6571468
TI  - [Effect of various environmental factors on the development of mastitis in cows
      and the implementation of a control program].
AB  - The analysis carried out aimed at obtaining numerical data concerning the
      environmental conditions and finding out whether their improvement would
      contribute to control mastitis. Examinations of the environmental conditions were
      made seven times during the year, and mastitis was found in 2,088 cows of the
      black and white breed in 12 cowsheds of the state farms in the Szczecin district.
      The analysis resulted in gradual improvement of zoo sanitary conditions and in a
      decrease of mastitis cases. This correlation was proved statistically. A
      characteristic correlation was found between the sanitary state and infection
      intensity r = 0,948, between the sanitary state aNd irritation intensity of this
      gland r = 0,945. Moreover, the duration of udder dryness in cows was analysed. In
      50,43% of the cows examined the period of dryness was short. In these cows the
      intensity of infection was higher (81,7%) than in cows with a normal period of
      dryness (33,5%).

PMID- 6571476
TI  - Sarcoidosis: a worldwide phenomenon.

PMID- 6571477
TI  - Sarcoidosis has no boundaries.

PMID- 6571478
TI  - The sarcoidosis movement.

PMID- 6571479
TI  - Pulmonary function in sarcoidosis.
AB  - Pulmonary function testing provides an important insight into the pathophysiology
      in patients with sarcoidosis. Major functional abnormalities in this disease
      include decreased diffusing capacity, lung compliance and lung volumes. Arterial
      oxygen desaturation with exercise is common. Airways obstruction may occur as an
      isolated finding or be superimposed on the interstitial process. The activity of
      the disease cannot be well determined by pulmonary function tests but serials
      testing is helpful in detecting progression or improvement.

PMID- 6571480
TI  - Fc and C3 receptor expression on human alveolar macrophages in sarcoidosis.

PMID- 6571481
TI  - Spontaneous hydropneumothorax by severe pulmonary sarcoidosis.
AB  - A case of pulmonary sarcoidosis involving the pleura and complicated by
      spontaneous hydropneumothorax is reported. Diagnosis is made by cytological
      features of pleural effusion and confirmed by mediastinal biopsy. The rare
      occurrence of this clinical situation must be diagnosed because of the important
      therapeutic implications, but in any event it indicates the severity of
      granulomatous disease.

PMID- 6571482
TI  - A descriptive analysis of community support program case managers serving the
      chronically mentally ill.
AB  - This article presents a description of case managers who serve community-based
      chronically mentally ill (CMI) persons through the Community Support Program
      (CSP). Information is presented on case managers' demographic characteristics,
      education, job training, job history, current job activities, and locus of
      employment. Data were generated through the Case Manager Background
      Questionnaire, a 23-item self-administered instrument developed in conjunction
      with the CSP, a pilot Federal-State collaboration project designed to explore
      strategies for improving the delivery of community-based mental health and
      related services to the CMI. Results of the study suggest that a typical CSP case
      manager is white, female and in the mid-thirties. Case managers are a highly
      educated group; nearly one-half have graduate degrees and about two-thirds have
      participated in an in-service or continuing education program. Currently, two out
      of three CSP case managers are employed at Community Mental Health Centers and
      about one-third of their time is spent in direct service provision. While CSP
      case managers have been working at their present location for about one and one
      half years, they have been in the community-based mental health system for about
      four years, and with the mentally disabled an average of seven years. A critical
      issue emerging from this analysis is the need for future research on the
      relationships among job training, education, job functions, and service delivery.

PMID- 6571483
TI  - On vagrancy and psychosis.
AB  - Paradoxically, due to recent mental health legislation, the mentally handicapped
      of the developed world find themselves in the same situation as the majority of
      those in the developing world who never had contact with a mental health service.
      A survey of the literature and of the situation in Egypt and Lesotho suggests
      marked coincidence of vagrancy and chronic mental illness. In both the developed
      and developing world, adequate services to support these people are lacking.

PMID- 6571484
TI  - The stages of terminating: when mental health workers face job loss.
AB  - Recent decreases in funding for the human services have resulted in involuntary
      job loss for numerous mental health and social service professionals. The present
      study, utilizing a participant-observer methodology, examines the job termination
      process and its effect on both terminating staff members and their surviving
      colleagues. Four stages, the stage of uncertainty, the post announcement stage,
      the exiting stage, and the resolution stage are delineated and characteristic
      stresses and behaviors observed during each are described. Based on the findings,
      a number of suggestions are made to aid administrators and staff members who are
      facing this difficult experience. The role of the consultant in this process is
      described.

PMID- 6571485
TI  - Is there a shortage of psychiatrists? An economist's view of the evidence.

PMID- 6571486
TI  - Surviving cutbacks in community mental health: seventy-seven action strategies.
AB  - The question of how community mental health centers could best weather cutbacks
      in funding was addressed in this study. A survey was conducted with a panel of
      experts in this area yielding a total of 77 action strategies that agencies could
      utilize in these difficult financial times. These strategies are reported in
      terms of services, treatment modalities, consultation, education and training,
      staffing, personnel policies, location of services, finance and business
      practices, third party reimbursement, overhead and administrative costs, role of
      the Board, monitoring the external environment and linkages and contacts. It was
      recommended that these strategies not be utilized as a recipe for survival but
      rather as a self-study guide by individual agencies.

PMID- 6571487
TI  - Standardizing outcome data in program evaluation.
AB  - Procedures are described for standardizing outcomes in evaluations of service
      delivery systems. Accounting for the variability of a given device, client gains
      across services can be expressed in a standard metric of change. Standardized
      gains take on a common meaning of change regardless of the original scale and
      variability of the raw data. In return, a wide range of common statistical
      analyses can be applied with individual client gains as the units of analysis,
      powerfully delineating influences on outcome variability. Implications and
      limitations are discussed.

PMID- 6571488
TI  - Astigmatic keratotomy procedures.

PMID- 6571489
TI  - The effect of citrate and other compounds on PMN incubated in vitro: further
      studies on the site and mechanism of action of citrate.
AB  - Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) are important in corneal disease because of
      their role as effector cells in inflammation and ulceration. The favorable effect
      of citrate on corneal ulceration appears to result from inhibition of the PMN.
      Citrate does not enter the cells but chelates Ca2+ in the extracellular fluid and
      may promote a loss of some intracellular Ca2+. Isocitrate is the only
      tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate that inhibits PMN, also by Ca2+ chelation.
      When isobutylcyanoacrylate is polymerized, a substance, probably formaldehyde,
      inhibitory to PMN, continuously leeches from the plastic. Although acetylcysteine
      has been reported to inhibit collagenase in vitro it has a direct effect of
      enhancing the respiratory burst and possibly degranulation of PMN stimulated by
      opsonized zymosan. Dexamethasone had no effect on PMN stimulation while
      prednisolone was partially inhibitory at high concentrations. Indomethacin exerts
      an inhibitory effect on all parameters of PMN stimulation. These studies clarify
      the site and mechanism of citrate action as well as show the importance of
      knowing the effect of drugs on the PMN.

PMID- 6571490
TI  - The fellow eye of patients with aphakic bullous keratopathy.
AB  - The fellow normal-appearing eyes of 23 patients with unilateral aphakic bullous
      keratopathy were examined by wide-field specular microscopy and pachymetry. All
      patients had: pseudophakic or aphakic bullous keratopathy in one eye; unoperated
      fellow eye on no medication; no other ocular disease; and no endothelial guttata
      seen by slitlamp biomicroscopy or specular microscopy. Three of 23 patients had
      endothelial cell counts less than 1,000 cells/mm2. There was no correlation
      between cell density and corneal thickness, but a negative correlation existed
      between age and endothelial cell density. Preoperative specular microscopy is
      indicated in patients who have developed bullous keratopathy in the fellow eye
      after cataract surgery.

PMID- 6571491
TI  - Treatment of marginal corneal ulcers with cryotherapy and conjunctival recession
      or resection.
AB  - Thirteen eyes with sterile marginal corneal ulcers were treated with cryotherapy
      and conjunctival recession or resection. Ulcer progression was ultimately
      controlled in all cases (mean follow-up of 21 months). One eye with Mooren's
      ulcer required reoperation to achieve a quiescent state, and two other eyes
      needed conservative therapy after surgery in order to heal. The eyes required
      careful observation for ulcer recurrence or problems associated with the original
      systemic diseases, such as Sjogren's syndrome. In the majority of cases, visual
      acuity was not affected by the procedure. Light microscopy of the conjunctiva
      adjacent to the ulcer showed lymphocytes and plasma cells.

PMID- 6571492
TI  - Cyclosporin A on human corneal endothelium.
AB  - Human corneal endothelial cells grown in culture medium were exposed to different
      concentrations of cyclosporin A in vitro. After 7 days, concentrations of the
      drug less than 1,000 ng/ml of medium were found nontoxic to the endothelial
      layer, while greater concentrations killed the cells in 1 hour to 48 hours,
      depending upon the concentration of the drug. Degenerative cytoplasmic vacuoles
      were the first sign of toxicity from the drug, leading in higher concentrations
      to eventual disintegration.

PMID- 6571494
TI  - [Cardio-circulatory evaluation of the anesthesized pig].

PMID- 6571493
TI  - Vernal keratoconjunctivitis: new corneal findings in fraternal twins.
AB  - A case of vernal keratoconjunctivitis is presented with a similar clinical
      presentation and disease type identified in each of two fraternal twins. The
      unique findings of superior stromal infiltrates and corneal marginal thinning are
      discussed.

PMID- 6571495
TI  - [Mesenteric venous thrombosis: experimental study and natural history in the
      rat].

PMID- 6571496
TI  - [Surgery of hepatic echinococcosis in childhood].

PMID- 6571497
TI  - [Wilkie's syndrome: considerations on 2 cases brought to our attention].

PMID- 6571498
TI  - Ocular involvement in sarcoidosis.

PMID- 6571499
TI  - Ocular changes in sickle cell haemoglobinopathies.

PMID- 6571501
TI  - Observations on the use of low temperature in the treatment of glaucoma.

PMID- 6571500
TI  - Regional hospital prevalence of viral keratitis.

PMID- 6571502
TI  - Mydriasis--use of phenylephrine (a dose-response concept).

PMID- 6571503
TI  - A comparative study of retinal breaks in phakic and aphakic retinal detachment.

PMID- 6571504
TI  - Vidian neurectomy for crocodile tears.

PMID- 6571505
TI  - Microsurgical techniques of levator resection.

PMID- 6571506
TI  - Bilateral Descemet's wrinkles in acute gastro-enteritis.

PMID- 6571507
TI  - Orbital varices.

PMID- 6571508
TI  - Bilateral Duane's retraction syndrome associated with crocodile tears.

PMID- 6571509
TI  - Wolfram Tyrer syndrome (a case report).

PMID- 6571510
TI  - Retinoblastoma: recent concept in diagnosis and management.

PMID- 6571511
TI  - Convulsions in children with fever: intermittent prophylaxis.

PMID- 6571512
TI  - Journal cover on first aid for venomous bites.

PMID- 6571514
TI  - Surgical aspects of snake bite.

PMID- 6571513
TI  - Legislate against tattoos?

PMID- 6571515
TI  - Dystonic reaction to metoclopramide.

PMID- 6571516
TI  - Use of car seat belts during pregnancy.

PMID- 6571517
TI  - The clicking painful temporomandibular joint. Use of arthrography in diagnosis.
AB  - Why does the clicking temporomandibular joint not lock, and the locked joint not
      click. Why is either of these conditions painful? Improved temporomandibular
      joint arthrography is able to delineate the problem and to direct surgical
      intervention appropriately, rather than toward the empirical remedies of the
      recent past.

PMID- 6571518
TI  - The leaking anus.

PMID- 6571519
TI  - Enterotoxigenic Aeromonas hydrophila and diarrhoea in adults.
AB  - Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from the faeces of 32 patients during a nine
      month period in three hospitals in Western Australia. All 32 isolates produced
      enterotoxin which was detected by the suckling-mouse test, and all patients
      except one had diarrhoea. Treatment should be considered in patients with chronic
      diarrhoea and in those with malignant disease or with hepatobiliary disease who
      are at risk of developing aeromonas septicaemia.

PMID- 6571520
TI  - Promotion of newer antimicrobial agents.

PMID- 6571521
TI  - ADRAC report for 1981. Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee.

PMID- 6571522
TI  - Acute renal failure after peritoneal lavage with mercuric chloride.
AB  - A 64-year-old man developed acute renal failure after hemicolectomy during which
      the peritoneal cavity was irrigated with a 0.2% solution of mercuric chloride.
      Renal failure was preceded by abdominal pain and hypotension, and followed by
      adynamic ileus, wound disruption, and a severe peritoneal reaction. The mechanism
      of this injury, together with the development of renal failure and its
      management, are discussed.

PMID- 6571523
TI  - Recall of radiation pneumonitis after intrapleural administration of doxorubicin.
AB  - A 67-year-old woman developed a malignant pleural effusion 18 months after
      radical mastectomy and radiotherapy for carcinoma of the breast. After drainage,
      30 mg of doxorubicin was instilled into the pleural cavity. Thirty-six hours
      later, she developed fever, dyspnoea, and erythema in the area of the previous
      radiotherapy field; patchy intrapulmonary opacities were evident on chest X-ray
      film. These features resolved over two weeks after treatment with prednisone and
      frusemide. We believe that this represents a radiation-recall phenomenon.

PMID- 6571524
TI  - Infant botulism. A Pan-Pacific perspective.

PMID- 6571525
TI  - Influence of iron-deficiency anaemia on the glycosylated haemoglobin level in a
      patient with diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Iron-deficiency anaemia in a 68-year-old female patient with diabetes mellitus
      was associated with a marked rise in glycosylated haemoglobin level (from 10.7%
      to 15.4%). After treatment of the iron-deficiency anaemia, the glycosylated
      haemoglobin level fell to 11.0%. Control of her diabetes, as assessed by other
      measures, appeared to be satisfactory throughout.

PMID- 6571526
TI  - Phantom breast sensation.

PMID- 6571527
TI  - Orf.

PMID- 6571528
TI  - Inadequate serological surveys for immunity to poliomyelitis. Inadequate
      indicators of immune status of communities using oral poliovirus vaccine and
      inadequate guides to vaccination policy.

PMID- 6571529
TI  - Recurrent ulcer treated with colloidal bismuth.

PMID- 6571530
TI  - Disappearing lung lesion.

PMID- 6571531
TI  - Necrotizing enterocolitis and human rotavirus.

PMID- 6571532
TI  - Health care for black South Africans.

PMID- 6571534
TI  - First aid management of snake bite.

PMID- 6571533
TI  - Combination diuretics in the elderly.

PMID- 6571535
TI  - Immunity to poliomyelitis in Sydney's children.
AB  - No indigenous cases of poliomyelitis have occurred in New South Wales since 1970,
      and it was presumed that herd immunity was high. However, our survey of Sydney's
      children by the neutralization test showed that only 42% of children had antibody
      levels (titre 8 or higher) to all three serotypes, 30% had antibodies to two, 16%
      to one, and 12% had no demonstrable antibodies at all. The immune status could
      not be determined with confidence from the immunization history, as 48% of the
      children who were reported as having received four or more doses of Sabin vaccine
      were not fully immune. When children who had inadequate levels of antibodies were
      given a single dose of Sabin vaccine, 77% of them achieved adequate antibody
      levels to all three viruses. The Health Commission of New South Wales
      subsequently undertook a mass Sabin immunization campaign of primary-school
      children, and reviewed the recommended immunization schedule.

PMID- 6571536
TI  - Transitional cell carcinoma of the kidney.
AB  - This paper presents 14 personal patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the
      kidney who were managed over a period of 13 years. Emphasis is placed on the
      diagnostic features, the great variety of radiological appearances of this
      neoplasm and the value of preoperative cytological examination of urine. In three
      patients the tumour started in the mucosa of peripheral calyces, and did not
      involve the surgical renal pelvis; this added to the diagnostic difficulty, and
      led to delay in diagnosis and treatment in one patient. The possibility that this
      tumour may be more common in Australia because of the high incidence of analgesic
      nephropathy is raised.

PMID- 6571537
TI  - The anaemic inpatient. A survey of current hospital practice.
AB  - The haemoglobin levels of all patients in a large teaching hospital (except those
      receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy or radiotherapy) were examined over a three-week
      period. One hundred and eleven patients with haemoglobin levels below 100 g/L
      were found, and the approach to this problem by the clinicians was scrutinized.
      In most patients, there was a good and obvious explanation for the anaemia; in
      just under 50%, however, the causes were often mixed or less obvious. Frequently
      the anaemia was not investigated when, perhaps, it should have been and, when
      treated, it was often treated inappropriately. Excessive, inappropriate and
      indiscriminate use of oral iron therapy was a prominent finding.

PMID- 6571538
TI  - The Australian Health Survey. Implications of reported accidents for medical
      education.
AB  - An analysis of the Australian Health Survey was made to define the health needs
      of our society. The high number of people who consult physicians outside
      hospitals, and the extent of accidents as a cause of morbidity are in contrast
      with the emphasis of current medical training. The potential value of
      incorporating Health Survey and national census data into curriculum planning is
      emphasized.

PMID- 6571540
TI  - Ophthalmomyiasis due to Oestrus ovis in South Australia.
AB  - A case of severe eye irritation caused by the larvae of Oestrus ovis (the sheep
      nasal botfly) is reported. As this fly is widely distributed in Australia, it is
      possible that many cases of ocular infestation by O. ovis larvae remain
      undetected and the eye irritation is ascribed to other causes.

PMID- 6571539
TI  - Congenital contractural arachnodactyly.
AB  - Congenital contractural arachnodactyly is an inherited disorder of connective
      tissue. A family with the condition is described.

PMID- 6571541
TI  - Drug treatment of sexually transmittable diseases.
AB  - Sexually transmittable diseases are an important group of conditions which
      frequently confront the Australian family practitioner. Primary-care health
      workers need especially to know how to deal with acute urethritis, persistent
      vaginitis and recurrent genital herpes, and should be aware of the rapidly
      spreading world-wide epidemic of drug-resistant gonorrhoea. The drug treatment
      aspects of managing sexually transmitted diseases in Australia are summarised.

PMID- 6571542
TI  - [A case of adrenal pseudocysts in an adult woman].

PMID- 6571544
TI  - [Study of the respiratory function in flight personnel during mountain survival
      training].

PMID- 6571543
TI  - [Villous tumors of the rectum].

PMID- 6571546
TI  - [Transportation of patients and the severely injured by medical aircraft and air
      rescue in Italy].

PMID- 6571545
TI  - [Study of the stomach operated on for peptic ulcer].

PMID- 6571547
TI  - [Behavior of retinal critical fusion frequency as an index of disorientation
      states].

PMID- 6571548
TI  - [Conjunctival changes caused by a helium-neon laser].

PMID- 6571549
TI  - [Surgery of the thyroid].

PMID- 6571550
TI  - [Botulism and ocular manifestations: recent data on microbiology and clinical
      aspects].

PMID- 6571551
TI  - [Hygienic and medical problems in military camps and their impact on the national
      community].

PMID- 6571552
TI  - Idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax and fitness for flying.

PMID- 6571553
TI  - [Hang-gliding and physio-psycho-aptitude fitness].

PMID- 6571554
TI  - [Current directions in the surgical treatment of adenomatous polyposis of the
      colon and rectum].

PMID- 6571555
TI  - [Conjunctival changes caused by the helium-neon laser].

PMID- 6571556
TI  - [Esophageal manometry: methodological aspects and clinico-experimental
      applications].

PMID- 6571557
TI  - [Validity of enlarged resections in surgery of tumors of the rectosigmoid: our
      experience].

PMID- 6571558
TI  - [Fibrinolytic therapy in mesenteric venous thrombosis: experimental study in
      rats].

PMID- 6571559
TI  - [Indications for and role of hepatic resections in surgery of echinococcosis].

PMID- 6571560
TI  - [Usefulness of a morpho-functional study using Tc-99m-HIDA in the preoperative
      and postoperative evaluation of patients with hepatic hydatidosis].

PMID- 6571561
TI  - Metabolic recovery after exercise and the assessment of mitochondrial function in
      vivo in human skeletal muscle by means of 31P NMR.
AB  - It has been suggested that the rate of phosphocreatine resynthesis after exercise
      is an index of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in intact muscle. To
      investigate this hypothesis, the time courses of metabolite recovery following
      mild and more severe dynamic exercise of human forearm muscle were compared by
      means of 31P NMR. Severe exercise resulted in greater net hydrolysis of
      phosphocreatine and greater intracellular acidosis than light exercise. The rate
      of phosphocreatine resynthesis was significantly slower during recovery from the
      more severe exercise. To explain this it was noted that, as a consequence of the
      high activity of creatine kinase in the sarcoplasm, the [phosphocreatine] at any
      time is a function of the intracellular pH. Calculations demonstrate that the
      difference between rates of phosphocreatine recovery after the two exercise
      protocols was primarily determined by the rates of recovery of the intracellular
      pH to normal rest values. It is concluded that the calculated rate of recovery of
      the cytosolic free [ADP] to its pre-exercise concentration may provide a more
      specific measure of mitochondrial oxidative activity.

PMID- 6571562
TI  - Signal to noise in derived NMR images.
AB  - The NMR image is dependent on multiple tissue parameters: hydrogen density,
      relaxation times T1 and T2, and flow. From the acquired intensity images, T1, T2,
      and hydrogen images may be produced. The signal/noise of these derived images is
      critically dependent on the choice of acquisition parameters. Using the
      calculated T1, T2, and hydrogen images, intensity images may be calculated at
      arbitrary values of TE and TR, some of which (for example, short TE or TR) may be
      physically unacquirable.

PMID- 6571563
TI  - Quadrature detection in the laboratory frame.
AB  - A theory of quadrature detection in the laboratory frame is developed. It is
      shown that the geometry of the two orthogonal coil systems needed for quadrature
      detection is radically different from that used with saddle-shaped coils, and
      that the homogeneity of the B1 field produced upon transmission is marginally
      better. The opposing quadrature phase shifts needed for transmission and
      reception are emphasized, and the use of a quadrature hybrid is advocated as a
      simple and inexpensive means of interfacing the transmitter, probes, and
      preamplifier. Experimental results are presented which confirm the theoretical
      predictions, and show that up to a 40% improvement in sensitivity and a twofold
      reduction in transmitter power are possible, particularly in those instances
      where the sample is conductive--namely, imaging of humans and in vivo
      spectroscopy.

PMID- 6571564
TI  - A parallel algorithm for rotating-frame zeugmatography.
AB  - An algorithm, which utilizes a high degree of parallel processing, has been
      developed for two-dimensional rotating-frame zeugmatography so that a picture of
      256 X 256 pixels can be generated with a minicomputer system 2 sec after data
      accumulation. An array processor is employed as a second processor and, the
      refresh memory of a display unit is used as a fast data storage entity.
      Approximately half the calculations are carried out in the array processor during
      the nuclear relaxation period. Data movement to and from the display memory
      occurs largely during, and in parallel with, the array processing. The sequence
      can be run at a repetition rate of 35 msec per free induction decay and the
      algorithm can be implemented in any two-dimensional experiment of the Fourier
      transform genre.

PMID- 6571565
TI  - Measurement of spin-lattice relaxation times in double spin-echo imaging.
AB  - Calculation of tissue T1 in double spin-echo imaging (90 degrees-T-180 degrees-2T
      180 degrees) using two repetition times (b1 and b2) has entailed an approximation
      that ignores the two 180 degrees pulses. The theoretical consequence of the
      simplification is to overestimate T1 with a fractional error that increases with
      increasing T1 faster than linearly in a manner dependent on the sequence
      parameters. With b1, b2, and T as parameters, the theory gives a family of curves
      relating T1 to the predicted ratio of signals acquired at b2 versus b1 intervals.
      Tissue T1 can be determined from the observed signal ratio with no approximation.
      Consideration of noise effect on the precision of T1 so determined favors the
      use, within limits, of higher b2/b1 ratio for the same b1 + b2 time. At constant
      b2/b1, using longer b1 + b2 permits wider range of T1 to be measurable with a
      specified minimum precision.

PMID- 6571566
TI  - Spatial mapping of the chemical shift in NMR.
AB  - In many biological systems, nuclear magnetic resonance chemical-shift studies of
      31P, 13C, and 1H can be of great value as a means of studying metabolic processes
      in vivo. This information is likely to be of great clinical value in the
      diagnosis of disease and in the study and monitoring of the effect of drug
      treatment. This paper discusses two new techniques, based on the echo-planar
      imaging (EPI) method. One is the echo-planar shift mapping (EPSM) technique and
      the other is a hybrid projection reconstruction-echo-planar (PREP) method. Both
      methods may be used to obtain complete chemical-shift spectra at each point of a
      specified grid in a chosen plane through the subject. A major attraction of the
      EPSM method is the very high speed at which this information is obtained. The
      major attraction of the PREP hybrid method is its simplicity. Both techniques
      have the advantage of speed and efficiency over both the point-by-point topical
      magnetic resonance (TMR) and 3D Fourier transform approaches. The new mapping
      techniques may also be used to measure magnetic field spatial inhomogeneities,
      caused by either the presence of magnetic material or simply nonalignment of the
      magnet.

PMID- 6571567
TI  - The installation of high-field NMR equipment in a hospital environment.
AB  - Installing high-field magnets in hospital environments has implications for
      safety, for the performance of the equipment and for the well-being of the
      subjects who will be examined. This paper outlines the relevant properties of
      magnets and identifies the requirements necessary for a safe and usable
      installation. One approach to the meeting of these requirements is described.

PMID- 6571568
TI  - Spatial localization in 31P and 13C NMR spectroscopy in vivo using surface coils.

PMID- 6571569
TI  - Depth pulse sequences for surface coils: spatial localization and T1
      measurements.
AB  - The depth pulse sequences theta;[2 theta(+/- x, +/- y)]2 and 2 theta;theta(+/-
      x);[2 theta(+/- x, +/- y)]2 have been implemented with a 20 mm diameter two-turn
      surface coil operating at 31P resonance (89.96 MHz). In these sequences theta
      refers to the pi/2 rf pulse at the center of the sensitive region of the coil, +/
      x and +/- y denote the four orthogonal phases of the rf pulses, and ";"
      represents an optional brief delay (e.g., 4 microseconds) between pulses to
      facilitate switching between different phases. Localization of the sensitive
      region was demonstrated with phantom samples by in vivo monitoring of rat livers
      and detection of necrotic regions of subcutaneously implanted tumors. The
      inversion-recovery pulse sequence, 2 theta-tau-theta(+/- x);[2 theta(+/- x, +/-
      y)]2, where tau is a variable delay, was employed to measure the spin-lattice
      relaxation time of a selected region, which could be varied by changing the pulse
      width and the size of the surface coil.

PMID- 6571570
TI  - Analysis of multiple T2 proton relaxation processes in human head and imaging on
      the basis of selective and assigned T2 values.
AB  - Two-dimensional T2-selective proton imaging of human head has been performed at
      10 MHz employing Carr-Purcell-Gill-Meiboom pulse trains with echo separation of 6
      and 12 msec. Using the information of 36 spin echoes and applying a recovery time
      of 2 sec the magnetization decay has been traced. The multi-exponential T2
      relaxation curve of each pixel of the image has been deconvoluted into up to
      three mono-exponential functions which are defined by 1/T2,i and alpha i. The
      T2,i values are represented in a T2 histogram of the slice and then selected for
      generating images which relate to protons with specific T2. The alpha i values
      indicate the relative amounts of the T2-selected protons. Imaging on the basis of
      alpha i values increases the contrast of the image. The multiple T2-selective
      imaging technique leads to head images which show selectively cerebrospinal
      fluid, gray matter, different types of white matter, and nonassigned fast
      relaxing proton classes.

PMID- 6571571
TI  - Relaxation of solvent protons by paramagnetic ions and its dependence on magnetic
      field and chemical environment: implications for NMR imaging.
AB  - Paramagnetic ions have been used to alter the magnetic relaxation rates 1/T1 and
      1/T2 of solvent water protons since the first observations of a proton resonance
      signal almost four decades ago. The earliest theories of relaxation indicated
      that the influence of solute paramagnetic ions on relaxation rates of solvent
      protons should depend both on the chemical environment of the solute ions and on
      the magnetic field strength. Much knowledge, both experimental and theoretical,
      has since been amassed regarding relaxation effects in solutions of hydrated ions
      (aquoions) and of complexes of these ions with macromolecules, mainly proteins.
      The phenomena are well understood at this point, though the understanding is more
      retrospective than predictive for ion-protein complexes. Nonetheless, from what
      is now known about homogeneous solutions, and from current reports on the
      introduction of paramagnetic ions into tissue to alter contrast in NMR images by
      affecting relaxation rates, it is clear that the solution results are
      particularly germane, and transferable, to tissue investigations. The main
      features of relaxation of solvent protons in the presence of solute paramagnetic
      ions, as hydrated aquoions and complexed with protein, are presented here, with
      attention to those ions most relevant to in vivo studies, and with emphasis on
      the influence of the magnetic field and the chemical environment of these ions on
      solvent proton relaxation rates.

PMID- 6571572
TI  - Driven-equilibrium radiofrequency pulses in NMR imaging.
AB  - Driven-equilibrium pulse techniques are applied to NMR imaging to extend the
      possibilities of manipulating image contrasts in pulse sequences with a high
      repetition rate. In many cases the data acquisition time can be much shorter than
      in more conventional pulse techniques. Both calculations and experiments reveal
      that the intensity of tissue with slowly relaxing nuclear magnetizations can
      significantly be enhanced, thus facilitating the detection of a number of
      pathologies.

PMID- 6571573
TI  - Diagnostic radiation and pregnancy.

PMID- 6571574
TI  - New methods of free T4 estimation. The need for critical evaluation.

PMID- 6571575
TI  - Lung-function reference values.

PMID- 6571576
TI  - Burns due to watches with metal bands.

PMID- 6571577
TI  - Gatekeeping at the nursing home.

PMID- 6571578
TI  - Prolonged use of pressure/immobilisation after snake bite.

PMID- 6571579
TI  - Length of hospitalisation of aboriginal and non-aboriginal children in Western
      Australia, 1971-1979.
AB  - The respective lengths of hospital stay of aboriginal and non-aboriginal children
      between 1971 and 1979 were studied using the Western Australian Hospital
      Morbidity Data Collection. In each of the years studied, the median length of
      hospital stay of aboriginal children was at least twice as long as that of non
      aboriginal children, irrespective of hospital type, age at admission to hospital,
      sex, the region of home address or the category of disease. However, an
      encouraging decline in the length of hospitalisation of children from both racial
      groups was observed over the study period; this decline was more marked in
      aboriginal children. Nevertheless, in 1979, the excess hospitalisation of
      aboriginal children still accounted for 30,000 bed-days in Western Australian
      hospitals, and is estimated to have cost $4,900,000. It is recommended that
      aboriginal liaison officers be employed to reduce this cost, and to mitigate
      other problems associated with the hospitalisation of aboriginal children.

PMID- 6571580
TI  - Epidemic of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis in aboriginal communities.
AB  - During 1980, an epidemic of acute glomerulonephritis occurred in a number of
      Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory, affecting several hundred
      people. Clinical and laboratory studies of children admitted to the paediatric
      wards of Darwin Hospital, and of a larger number of individuals in the
      communities, have established that the nephritis was preceded by a streptococcal
      infection, and a recognised nephritogenic streptococcal strain was isolated from
      a number of children. The clinical course of the disease was mild in the majority
      of those affected and none had had serious complications. Serological results
      indicate the importance of measuring antideoxyribonuclease B levels as well as
      antistreptolysin O titres when seeking evidence of antecedent streptococcal
      infection.

PMID- 6571581
TI  - Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia. A clinical study.
AB  - The present concepts of tropical eosinophilia are discussed on the basis of 50
      cases observed in a service hospital, and with particular reference to earlier
      Indian studies. The importance of early diagnosis and therapy before irreversible
      damage develops is stressed. Further controlled studies in the aetiopathogenesis
      and clinical immunology are needed for better understanding of this continuing
      problem.

PMID- 6571582
TI  - Nitrofurantoin-induced interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Presentation and outcome.
AB  - Four cases of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis associated with nitrofurantoin
      therapy are analysed along with 45 other reported cases of this disease in order
      to review the presenting features and outcome and to determine the role of
      steroid therapy. Most patients were elderly (mean age, 66 years); women were more
      commonly affected (71%). All patients had been treated with nitrofurantoin for
      longer than six months (mean, 31 months). The usual presenting symptoms were
      dyspnoea and non-productive cough which had been present for periods for two
      weeks to six years (mean, 9.4 months). After cessation of nitrofurantoin therapy,
      the condition of 32 patients improved. In seven patients the symptoms remained
      unchanged. In one case, progressive deterioration of the condition ensued. There
      was no difference in outcome between patients who were treated with steroids and
      those who were not. Steroid therapy is probably not indicated in mild cases.

PMID- 6571583
TI  - Brachial plexopathy complicating central venous catheter insertion.
AB  - After insertion of a central venous catheter by the infraclavicular approach to
      the subclavian vein, a patient had clinical and electrophysiological evidence of
      injury to the lower cord of the brachial plexus. Therefore, brachial plexopathy
      joins the other known forms of local vascular and neurological injury which can
      complicate this procedure. The apparent rarity of brachial plexus injury may
      either be due to the anatomical distance between the plexus and the point of
      catheter insertion or the subtle neurological deficit may escape detection.

PMID- 6571584
TI  - Optical activity and conformation of beta-bungarotoxin in solution.
AB  - beta-Bungarotoxin, which consists of two polypeptide chains (A- and B-chain), in
      the venom of Formosan banded krait is stable in 7.5 M urea but can be denatured
      in 6.0 M guanidine hydrochloride. Its conformation remains virtually the same in
      solvents of lower polarity than water such as a mixture of 1,2-ethanediol-water
      (4:1 by volume). The circular dichroism spectrum in water shows a double minima
      at 222 and 209 nm, which is characteristic of the helical structure. The
      ellipticities at these two wavelengths indicate that the helical content of this
      toxin is not high. Comparing how guanidine hydrochloride effects the helix-coil
      transition of the toxin with that of phospholipase A2's which are structurally
      homologous to A-chain implicates that the two polypeptide chains should be
      coexisted and interacted with each other in order to maintain the active
      conformation of beta-bungarotoxin. Removal of eight amino acid residues from the
      N-terminus of the A-chain by action of CNBr on beta-bungarotoxin does not disrupt
      the polypeptide folding but abolishes the neurotoxicity.

PMID- 6571585
TI  - The effect of pituitary homografts on the accessory sex organs and serum hormonal
      levels with or without androgen in mature male rats.
AB  - The effect of pituitary homografts on the accessory sex organs and hormonal
      levels were studied in Wistar mature male rats. Grafted rats were further divided
      into four experiments: rats were bled once daily via a jugular vein cannula for
      seven days to investigate when serum prolactin began to rise after
      transplantation. rats were decapitated on the seventh day after transplantation
      to test whether 7 days were long enough to show the effect of pituitary grafts on
      the weight of prostate and seminal vesicles. rats were orchiectomized or
      orchiectomized and adrenalectomized on the seventh day after transplantation and
      then decapitated 4 weeks later to test a long term action of pituitary grafts and
      hormonal levels on the accessory sex organs without androgen. Rats grafted with
      several pieces of muscle were used as controls in each experiment. The initial
      rise in serum prolactin level was observed on the fourth day after pituitary
      transplantation, and then a higher serum prolactin level was maintained
      thereafter. Despite the higher prolactin level in the pituitary-grafted rat than
      in the control, no significant differences from the control in the weight of
      prostates and seminal vesicles and adrenal gland and the concentrations of serum
      luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured.
      This result showed that the weight of accessory sex organs was not affected by a
      higher serum prolactin within seven days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6571586
TI  - Separation of isoenzymes of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from human
      erythrocytes by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
AB  - Isoelectric focusing performed in 6.0% polyacrylamide gel in the presence of 1.0
      M urea separates well the various molecular forms of glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes. At least seven sharp bands appear in the
      gel pattern, which vary both in isoelectric points and in the relative intensity.
      Their isoelectric points are at pH 6.88 for band 1, pH 6.79 for band 2, pH 6.64
      for band 3, pH 6.50 for band 4, pH 6.39 for band 5, pH 6.19 for band 6, and pH
      6.10 for band 7. A second-dimensional disc electrophoresis performed in a
      polyacrylamide gel slab resolves each band into two components, a slow and a fast
      component defined according to their mobilities in the disc gel. The slow
      component constitutes the major portion of each band. All the seven slow
      components appear to be dimer having a molecular weight between 98,000-94,000.
      They belong to "change isomers" having identical molecular size but containing
      different net changes. The molecular weight of the fast components is between
      66,800-50,600. These fast components might be monomer or the digested products of
      slow components.

PMID- 6571587
TI  - Effects of ketamine on the circulatory functions and body tissue oxygenation in
      dogs under normal and hypovolemic conditions.
AB  - Anesthetic induction with ketamine may cause cardiovascular (CV) stimulation and
      depression. The study was conducted in dogs to evaluate the dependence of
      ketamine-induced CV effects upon the dosage, mode of administration and
      experimental hypovolemic conditions. Slow ketamine infusion (n = 12) at 3 dose
      levels (5 mg/kg/min for 1, 2 and 4 min to a total dose of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg)
      consistently increased the arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR). Rapid
      bolus injections at 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg (n = 16) produced biphasic changes-
      decreases followed by increases in AP and HR. Profound depressor and bradycardic
      responses were readily observed with large dose, rapid bolus injection and during
      hemorrhagic hypotension. The striking CV depression in some cases became
      irreversible and led to death. Further study in 8 open-chest dogs revealed that
      ketamine infusion (a total dose of 10 mg/kg) caused slight increases in cardiac
      output (CO) and tissue oxygen uptake (VO2). However, the marked depressor
      response to bolus injection was associated with decreases in CO, total peripheral
      resistance, stroke volume and VO2. These inhibitory effects were prolonged after
      hemorrhagic hypotension. In a few cases, CO and VO2 became severely and
      progressively depressed and death ensued shortly following the injection.

PMID- 6571588
TI  - Evaluation of MMA-4-META-TBB resin as a dental adhesive material.
AB  - A new adhesive resin containing a reactive monomer, 4-methacryloxyethyl
      trimellitate anhydride (4-META) was prepared, and its application to hard tooth
      tissues and metals was studied. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the
      average length of 4-META resin tags in enamel and dentin was 22 mu and 40 mu
      respectively. The tensile adhesive strength between 4-META resin and enamel was
      about 130 kg/cm2 after etching with 65% phosphoric acid. Its bond strength to
      dentin treated with a cleaning solution of 10% citric acid and 3% ferric chloride
      was about 190 kg/cm2. In precious alloys heated at 500 degrees C for 5-10
      minutes, a bond strength of more than 100 kg/cm2 was obtained. The precious
      alloys containing Au, Ag, Pt and Cu should be selected especially for dental
      restorations. In polished non-precious alloys, the bond strength was greater than
      100 kg/cm2. If non-precious alloys were oxidized with HNO3, the bond strength
      increased to 150-200 kg/cm2. The results suggest that the nickel-chromium alloy
      used in fixed prosthodontics must be treated chemically before adhesion with 4
      META resin, but cobalt-chromium alloy used in removable partial dentures bonds
      well with 4-META resin without chemical treatment. In conclusion, MMA-4-META-TBB
      resin seems to be a promising adhesive material in dentistry.

PMID- 6571589
TI  - Preference of a revolving target to a stationary one by the big brown bat,
      Eptesicus fuscus.
AB  - Utilizing a three-ramp platform, we studied the detection of a revolving and a
      stationary target in the presence of background clutter by trained Eptesicus
      fuscus. During the test, the mean amplitude of echo from either target was always
      larger than that of the background echoes at the bat-to-target distance of 30, 70
      and 100 cm. The amplitude of the echo reflected back from a revolving target was
      modulated between a maximum and a minimum value. An electric motor was used to
      revolve a target. The frequency contents of the motor noise were mostly below 1
      kHz. While the total percent response of approaching either target is always more
      than 90% at every bat-to-target distance tested, the bats approach a revolving
      target more frequently than a stationary one. Echolocation pulses emitted by the
      bats during the test were recorded and analyzed. The bats shortened their pulse
      durations and interpulse intervals and lowered the frequency contents as they
      entered into the crawling phase from the searching phase. Potential interference
      of background echoes and ambient noise with the performance of the bats is
      discussed. The preference of a revolving target to a stationary one by the bats
      is perhaps due to the fact that a revolving target has a higher releasing value
      than a stationary one does.

PMID- 6571590
TI  - A therapeutic trial of bezafibrate on patients with hyperlipidemia with or
      without diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Bezalip (bezafibrate), at an oral dosage of 200 mg three times a day, has been
      used on 12 patients with idiopathic hyperlipidemia, and on 12 patients with
      hyperlipidemia superimposed with diabetes mellitus. Each patient received
      bezafibrate for 3 months and placebo for 3 months. Blood glycosylated hemoglobin
      (HbA1) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were used as indices of diabetic control.
      Serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein
      cholesterol (HDL-C), and TC/HDL-C ratio were measured and calculated in order to
      compare the antilipemic effects of bezafibrate with that of placebo. Non
      parametric Wilcoxon test was used for statistical analysis. In both the
      idiopathic group and diabetic group, bezafibrate significantly lowered the serum
      levels of TG and TC/HDL-C, as well as elevated the level of HDL-C. The serum TC
      levels were not significantly altered in either of the groups. These effects
      could not be ascribed to an improved diabetic control, since the percent changes
      of HbA1 were not different between the bezafibrate periods and the placebo
      periods. There were no significant facial flushing, nor other side effects during
      the treatment with bezafibrate. It is concluded that bezafibrate has antilipemic
      effects, and may be helpful in reducing the atherogenic risks.

PMID- 6571591
TI  - Reversible hepatic black pigmentation and enzyme alteration induced by prolonged
      feeding of high dose of crocin dyes in rats.
AB  - Crocin dyes, isolated from Gardenia jasminodes, did not affect hepatic function
      when they were orally administered to rats in a daily dose of 50 mg/kg for 8
      days, but could induce acute hepatic discoloration. A high dosage of 100 mg/kg
      for 2 weeks could induce both hepatic damage and black pigmentation, but a lower
      dose of 100 mg/kg for 40 days did not. Rats fed on diet containing 1% of crocin
      dyes for four months were shown to have mild hepatic functional disorders and
      pigmentation. The black pigmentation of the liver and the acute hepatic damage
      associated with the discoloration were completely reversible. During the period
      of hepatic pigmentation caused by high dose of crocin dyes, the urine had
      abnormally increased porphyrin excretion and tended to display a blackish green
      color. The skin also appeared purplish black. The mechanism of black pigmentation
      seemed to correlate with the gradual accumulation of crocin dyes. In summary, the
      crocin dyes have a very low toxicity in rats even in high experimental dosage
      which would hardly happen in human practice. It is therefore suggested that the
      crocin dyes are safe for coloring foods.

PMID- 6571592
TI  - Circadian organization of running-wheel activity, food intake and drinking of old
      male rats.
AB  - Circadian rhythms of running-wheel activity, food intake and drinking were
      monitored in old male rats of Long-Evans strain over 22 months of age in both
      entrained (light:dark 12:12, LD) and free running condition (continuous
      illumination, LL) and were compared with those of young adult male rats of 3.5 to
      6.5 months of age. Twenty-four hour distribution of running activity, feeding
      events and licking events of young rats as well as old rats showed bi- or tri
      modal patterns during the 12 hr dark period of the LD schedule. In the light
      period, 2 out of 8 old rats, 6 out of 10 old rats and 1 out of 6 old rats had 1
      or 2 medium or high peaks in running activity, feeding events and licking events,
      respectively, leading to equal distribution between the dark and light period. In
      the LD schedule, old rats showed a decrease in running-wheel activity, its
      patterns and power spectra, a decrease in feeding events and its power spectra in
      6 rats which lost circadian rhythms and increase in feeding events and its power
      spectra in 4 rats which still showed circadian rhythms and increase in licking
      events. LL suppressed running-wheel activity, its patterns and power spectra,
      licking events and its power spectra and feeding events in young rats. However,
      LL could suppress only feeding events of 4 rats which still showed circadian
      rhythms and licking events and its spectral level in old rats. The possible
      causes of decreased response to LL in old rats and its implication are discussed.

PMID- 6571593
TI  - Interactions of manganese(II) and small ligands with Busycon canaliculatum
      hemocyanin.
AB  - Cyanide (5 X 10(-3) M) and thioacetamide (5 X 10(-3) M) increase the P50 values
      (P02 required for 50% oxygenation) of hemocyanin by 100%, respectively. Using an
      ion-exchange method involving 14CN-, we have found that cyanide forms a 1:1
      complex with hemocyanin in the concentration range examined: Kf = 2.3 X Mw M-1 at
      room temperature, where Kf is association constant and Mw is molecular weight of
      hemocyanin. This strong binding of cyanide to hemocyanin is to be expected from
      the effect of this ion on the oxygenation of hemocyanin. The effects of
      manganese(II) ion and fluoride on the oxygenation of hemocyanin are found to be
      weak. The nmr measurements, however, suggest that manganese(II) ion does have
      some interactions with the active site of hemocyanin.

PMID- 6571594
TI  - Neuroglia of the adult rat optic nerve in the course of wallerian degeneration.
AB  - The neurological reactions in Wallerian degeneration have been studied by
      electron microscopy in the optic nerve of adult albino rats from 7 to 120 days
      after unilateral enucleation. Reactive astrocytes contained abundant dense
      bodies, numerous microtubules and hyperplastic glial filaments. These astrocytes
      also assisted phagocytosis of degenerated myelin sheaths and in glial scar
      formation. Oligodendrocytes disconnected their cytoplasmic extensions, which were
      phagocytosed by microglial cells and astrocytes, by increased production of
      lysosomes. Microglial cells consisted of crinkled, long, rough endoplasmic
      reticula, several highly-active Golgi complexes, laminar inclusions and globoid
      lipid droplets. Microglia engulfed and lysed the disintegrated axons and myelin
      sheaths.

PMID- 6571595
TI  - Effects of pre-ganglionic decentralization or post-ganglionic excision of the
      superior cervical ganglia on brain edema and heat stroke in rats.
AB  - The preventive effect of pre-ganglionic decentralization (Sympathetic trunk
      resectioN) or postganglionic excision (ganglionectomy) of the superior cervical
      ganglia on thermal injury induced brain edema or the development of heat stroke
      was assessed in rats. Brain edema was induced by cold or heat injury to the
      cortex in 24 rats. The results showed that decentralization, but not excision, of
      the superior cervical ganglia greatly inhibited the formation of brain edema
      which was subsequently induced. When heat stroke was induced by exposing 24 rats
      to an ambient temperature of 41 degree C, the latency for the onset of the heat
      stroke and the survival time after the heat stroke were greatly prolonged by the
      former surgical procedure, but shortened by the later one. The present study
      demonstrates the potential benefit to brain edema and heat stroke of the
      pretreatment with decentralization of the superior cervical ganglia.

PMID- 6571597
TI  - Abstracts of the Cajal Conference on Neurobiology. Madrid, 17-20 September 1984.

PMID- 6571596
TI  - Adverse behavioral effects of the anticholinesterase poisoning protector
      pralidoxime methanesulfonate.
AB  - Pralidoxime methanesulfonate (P2S) has anticholinesterase protective properties,
      but it also has an array of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Because such a
      symptom would be disadvantageous to occupational workers who handled and used
      organophosphorus anticholinesterase continuously, and to soldiers who have had
      oral pretreatment in a situation where anticholinesterase agent poisoning is a
      possibility, this question was investigated in rats using three behavioral
      paradigms to evaluate the feasibility of the oral prophylactic regimen. These
      are: (1) conditioned taste aversion (CTA), (2) operant behavior and (3)
      spontaneous locomotor activity (SMA); these three behavioral parameters are
      analogous to toxicant-induced gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances, performance of
      learned tasks and behavioral arousal, respectively. Dose-response studies of P2S
      in dose levels of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 gm/kg (P.O.) were evaluated. The results
      consistently demonstrated that only the highest dose significantly produced
      marked decreases in consumption of flavored solution associated with its
      ingestion, suppressed keypress response maintained under a 20-response fixed
      ratio schedule of water presentation, and inhibited SMA. By inference, if CTA,
      operant behavior and SMA are appropriate paradigms, P2S, on an acute single oral
      high dose level, would cause GI disturbances, impair task performance and induce
      sedation in man.

PMID- 6571598
TI  - [Cranial traumas in the city of Ravenna: a prospective study of patients who
      recovered].
AB  - A prospective study of head injury patients was carried out in the city of
      Ravenna in 1984. A complete record was completed for all patients admitted for
      hospital care. More than 50 clinical and diagnostic variables were evaluated to
      investigate risk factors on patients admitted to a Non-Neurosurgical Unit with CT
      facilities. Our report deals with 578 cases and shows some interesting findings:
      The mortality in the entire trauma-group was 42 cases; 35 (83%) of these died
      immediately after the accident or while being transported to the hospital. The
      number of patients hospitalized (42%) was much higher than that in previous
      reports concerning hospital admission of head injury patients. 9 cases were sent
      from the First Aid to Regional Neurosurgical Centre (Bellaria Hospital, Bologna).
      Among the other patients admitted to the Non-Neurosurgical Centre, 12 showed
      cerebral lesions on the CT (1 extradural haematoma). Risk factors were evaluated
      by comparing EEG, skull fractures and poor clinical condition with the presence
      of cerebral lesions. Our data show a peculiar situation here in Italy: a large
      number of hospital admissions for minor head injuries, of whom relatively few
      patients are at risk of intracranial post-traumatic haematoma.

PMID- 6571599
TI  - [Bilateral giant carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm. Clinical case].
AB  - The author describe a patient with bilateral giant aneurysms of the internal
      carotid artery in the region of the ophthalmic artery. These lesions are very
      rare and can be mistakenly diagnosed as intracranial tumors on the basis of the
      clinical presentation and CT findings alone. The correct diagnosis is made via
      cerebral panangiography and a successful surgical treatment for this pathology is
      often available.

PMID- 6571601
TI  - [Medical Society of French-Speaking Black Africa. Abstracts of reports].

PMID- 6571600
TI  - [Electrophysiologic studies (auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials) in
      Friedreich's ataxia].
AB  - Auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded from 10 patients
      suffering from Friedreich's ataxia. All patients were subjected to audiological
      tests and EMG-ENG study. Acoustic evoked potentials recordings included brainstem
      acoustic evoked potentials and long latency components. Peripheral and central
      components of somatosensory evoked potentials were obtained by stimulating the
      median nerve at the wrist and elbow. Various abnormalities of the cortical
      components were observed in all patients for both acoustic and somatosensory
      evoked potentials. Analysis of brainstem acoustic evoked potentials and of the
      early components of somatosensory evoked potentials showed a different incidence
      of abnormalities. The main feature of brainstem acoustic evoked potential changes
      was the frequent absence of one or more waves; the greatest abnormalities
      occurred in patients whose disease was of long duration. Long latency components
      (N85) were significantly prolonged in all but one patient. There was often an
      absence or reduction of early somatosensory evoked potentials with normal or near
      normal latencies, even though cortical responses were markedly prolonged. The
      sensory conduction velocity between stimulation sites at wrist and elbow was
      normal in all patients. Clinically brainstem acoustic evoked potentials may prove
      to be a reliable means of monitoring the progression of the disease, while long
      latency components and somatosensory evoked potentials could be used as
      complementary procedures in early diagnosis.

PMID- 6571602
TI  - Ego ideal and ideal ego.
AB  - A genetic and functional differentiation between the ego ideal and the ideal ego
      is proposed. This differentiation allows for a more precise characterization and
      interpretation of ego libido in symptoms and transference. These genetic and
      functional differentiations of ego ideal and ideal ego can be used to clarify the
      differing severities of the types of narcissistic disorder: psychosis, borderline
      personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, from normal maturity. It
      can also be put to work in refining one's formulation of the narcissistic
      complications of the classical transference neurosis. This usefulness has been
      demonstrated in relation to clinical material. In neurosis the ideal ego is a
      source of symptoms and inappropriate transference demands; in culture it finds
      embodiment in aggrandized concepts of human nature; in mature adults it is the
      comforting memory of a vanished splendour.

PMID- 6571603
TI  - Analyst involvement in the psychoanalytical impasse.
AB  - This paper develops the idea that a state of impasse is the objective towards
      which the patient tends and that this is in response to an unconscious fantasy
      whose essential aim is to paralyse the object's autonomy and the bond. The fact
      that in some cases this objective is brought about with the unconscious
      participation of the analyst is pointed out. This unconscious participation is
      distinguished from the conscious emotions that permit the diagnosis of the
      impasse. The manifest content of the verbal material reveals typical features of
      these states. One of them is the lack, or marked diminution, of representations
      expressed through visual images. When the representations become evident in the
      verbal material, it is a sign that the impasse is over and that the process has
      temporarily resumed its course. The process has unconscious representations
      which, on becoming evident, reveal the state of deadlock or development through
      which it is passing. The representations of the impasse situation are typical.
      Some of these, such as objects endowed with circular movement, static bodies
      lacking mobility, are pointed out. Verbal material is differentiated in two
      categories depending on its capacity to transmit or to conceal contents belonging
      to the unconscious. Material devoid of meaning is inherent to resistance. When
      the analyst is unconsciously involved in the patient's impasse, he tends to
      favour a kind of dialogue which is lacking in meaning and symbolic value. The
      symbol-forming function is not affected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6571604
TI  - Some implications of former massive traumatization upon the actual analytic
      process.
AB  - The treatment of first and second generation patients, having been traumatized by
      social catastrophes (like German concentration camps), puts a heavy burden on the
      therapist. To overcome this, the therapist must clearly realize what goes on in
      himself (countertransference) to avoid unsuitable interpretations and acting out.
      This counts even more if the therapist himself has undergone social trauma. Two
      case studies are included, which illustrate how the author could further the
      analytic process. Especially with masochistic-regressive patients the analyst has
      to accept and use his temporary identification.

PMID- 6571606
TI  - Some conceptual and technical aspects of the actual neurosis.
AB  - The idea of the actual neurosis is approached as a problem of the transformation
      of the meaning of terminology by developments in psychoanalytic thought. However,
      unlike most concepts, the transformation of the meaning of the actual neurosis
      presents a special problem because this concept refers to issues at the
      boundaries of psychoanalysis. Three meanings of the actual neurosis are
      discussed: the actual neurosis as a diagnostic entity, as an infantile core of
      the psychoneurosis and as observable states in the clinical situation. Certain
      controversies having to do with technical points of view on the various meanings
      of the concepts are reviewed. The danger of over-technologizing the clinical
      situation in deference to actual-neurotic states is stressed.

PMID- 6571605
TI  - Some considerations arising from the treatment of a patient with necrophilic
      fantasies in late adolescence and young adulthood.
AB  - Some psychoanalytic theories relating to necrophilia are reviewed, supplemented
      by other relevant theoretical abstracts. A psychoanalytic case of a young man
      with necrophilic fantasies is described, emphasizing separation anxiety, sadism
      and anal masturbation, all compellingly manifest in the transference and rooted
      in infantile trauma. The material is compared with that of other analysts working
      with similar pathology, then discussed in relation to perversions generally.
      Finally, it is argued that if the prognosis depends on whether core fantasies are
      amenable to analysis in the transference, then there may be therapeutic
      justification for keeping adolescence open by blocking the developmental move
      forward, on the grounds that these fantasies would quickly be rendered
      inaccessible under the normal repressive processes of young adulthood.

PMID- 6571607
TI  - Delinquent perversion problems of assimilation: a clinical study.
AB  - This paper is a clinical account of a patient whose adolescence was dominated by
      perverse and antisocial behaviour and who later became ill with severe anxiety
      symptoms and inability to work. In the analysis the breakdown of his omnipotent
      defences led to feelings of impotence and depression and delusional fears which
      he had previously tried to deal with by drugs and perverse sexuality. Both good
      and bad sexuality were used to compensate for lack of internal and external
      loving relationships. Analysis helped him to achieve a more stable equilibrium as
      a result of his becoming more able to become aware of and contain the murderous
      part of himself, and the growth of good parts and loving feelings.

PMID- 6571608
TI  - The problem of anorexia nervosa.
AB  - In anorexia nervosa the pain of hunger or, alternatively (in bulemia), of glut
      recalls Freud's aphorism that the man with toothache cannot fall in love. But
      object longing remains and stimulates such envy that the anorectic must project
      her wishes; she is not be found wanting. The use of projection, in turn,
      complicates self-other boundaries, with the result that she experiences not only
      people but even food as overpowering. This, then, excites more envy, indeed an
      envy so ruinous that self-starvation or compulsive evacuations are employed
      additionally to make reparation. Because all of this condenses into Less is More,
      the anorexic poses particular problems for analytic treatment, which is the
      subject of a companion paper.

PMID- 6571609
TI  - The use of a mistress and the internalized sexual mother.
AB  - Using clinical material and the transference manifestations from two married male
      patients who had mistresses and a female patient whose husband had a mistress, it
      is suggested that the mistresses are used to deal with the man's internalized
      sexual mother, thus allowing the wives to become the good-enough mothers that the
      men had never experienced. It would seem that the father unconsciously colludes
      with this incestuous relationship between the sexual mother and the son by not
      being an adequate husband. It is further suggested that one of the qualities of a
      good-enough father is the capacity to be a good-enough husband.

PMID- 6571610
TI  - The complete oedipus complex.
AB  - The 'Complete Oedipus Complex' is shown to be a critical period in Spitz' sense
      of convergence of drive maturation with ego development. It is proposed that
      competence to venture into the heart of the oedipal conflict is acquired in the
      practising subphase of the separation-individuation process where traits such as
      venture-someness, courage, initiative and the like become part of the self
      representations. Also proposed is that tension between drive need and object
      relations need at the anal phase results in compromise that establishes a pattern
      for taming the drive because of object relations considerations. The so-called
      negative oedipal position is seen as a regression to a pre-oedipal level of
      object need that is tinged with sexual wishes carried back from the oedipal
      position. Finally, the waning of the Oedipus complex is regarded as another
      developmental thrust terminating in identification with and love for the parent
      of the same sex, with transfer of functions of the object representations to the
      self representations, which results in diminution of primary object need and
      frees the individual to make new libidinal connexions at adult levels of object
      need.

PMID- 6571611
TI  - An acoustic holding environment: from the analysis of a 'transitional character'.
AB  - The significance of the sounds of human voices is often blurred by our customary
      emphasis on the visual representations of objects and part-objects in the
      reconstruction in analysis of patients' unconscious fantasies. A case has been
      presented highlighting an individual's sensitivity to the noises of his early
      holding environment, and his use of them for perpetuating his early attachments,
      as well as in substituting for his stunted phallic development. The case is
      offered in support of the contention that our instruments of reproducing and
      transmitting human sounds often become auxiliaries in mediating the problem of
      separation: as such, they also become internalized influences in character
      formation. The clinical type described is seen as representative of a genre of
      people whose early transitional development has directed their choices toward
      certain life roles that are inordinately stamped with the imprint of illusion.
      Many of them receive a legitimization from the outer society (like the child's
      transitional object receives confirmation from its mother), thereby justifying
      their being classified as having 'transitional characters'. In this broad
      category, one could list entrepreneurs and actors from business and
      entertainment, including impresarios and magicians, mimes and comedians. The
      fields of politics and religion, philosophy and psychology, are by no means
      exempt from attracting individuals of this order.

PMID- 6571612
TI  - Choice as the basis for mentation. A dialectic approach to mental development.
AB  - I propose to build on Robbins' new mind model for the primitive personalities a
      stronger base and a more clearcut development. The stronger base requires a
      clearer exposition of pleasure that includes the earliest choice an infant can
      make. Choice determines the beginning of the mind as a complex system of its own.
      Pleasure describes the motivational viewpoint. Taken together they will define
      the structure which constitutes the mind. I agree with Robbins that
      phenomenological psychic representation furnishes the building blocks for this
      developmental model but I see conflict in interstage development to be necessary
      to furnish the dynamism for growth and/or regression. Normal grandiosity is
      infantile pleasure in choice. I present pathological grandiosity from a new
      regressive viewpoint within the developmental framework. Robbins' case of N is
      used to illustrate these ideas. In addition I present some complex requirements
      for human object and self constancy to be achieved.

PMID- 6571613
TI  - Choice as the basis for mentation.

PMID- 6571614
TI  - Issues in geriatric medicine. Part II.

PMID- 6571615
TI  - Etiology and management of sexual dysfunction in elderly men.

PMID- 6571616
TI  - Psychological and physiological manifestations of relocation.

PMID- 6571617
TI  - Reminiscence and life review in the elderly.
AB  - Reminiscence in skilled hands may be a useful adjunct when caring for older
      individuals. The individual may benefit psychologically from a feeling of
      increased self-esteem and control. Staff must clearly establish a modality in
      which to utilize reminiscence; goals must be set. Problems that may result from
      uncovering certain memories must be carefully dealt with and may even require the
      assistance of a skilled psychotherapist. Additional research is necessary to
      improve our understanding of this potentially useful interactional tool.

PMID- 6571618
TI  - Psychiatric referral after head trauma.
AB  - This preliminary study of 22 patients referred for psychiatric consultation after
      HT requires further investigation to better define the trends observed regarding
      diagnosis, injury site, and medication choice. The absence of a control
      population of HT patients not referred for psychiatric evaluation limits our
      ability to make definitive conclusions. Further work is also planned to
      systematically explore the injury site-medication relationship.

PMID- 6571619
TI  - Alcoholism in the general hospital: the effectiveness of screening and referral.

PMID- 6571620
TI  - Measuring acute grief.

PMID- 6571621
TI  - Organic affective syndromes associated with thyroid dysfunction.

PMID- 6571622
TI  - Difficulties in the physician-patient dyad: invoking the psychiatric consultant.
AB  - Drawing upon their studies of physicians' responses to the recommendations and
      diagnosis of psychiatric consultants, the authors propose that the psychiatric
      consultant is most often invoked when the primary physician experiences an
      inappropriate interpersonal distance in the relationship with the patient.
      Sensing the threat or the reality of the patient as too close or too distant, the
      physician seeks the presence of the consultant. In the subsequent triadic
      constellation, the psychiatric consultant is suggested to function principally as
      buffer between the physician and the patient, restoring, or effecting a more
      optimal interpersonal distance in the original dyad. This construct helps to
      explain the consultees' "selectivity" in requesting consultation and the marked
      disparity between reported prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the medically
      ill and referral rates. It also calls attention to the role of the psychiatric
      consultant in assuring that the medical care of the patient with psychiatric
      features is not compromised or abbreviated.

PMID- 6571623
TI  - The concept of bahala na.

PMID- 6571624
TI  - The concept of irritability.

PMID- 6571625
TI  - The concept of hiya.

PMID- 6571626
TI  - The effects of teaching clinical clerks psychotherapy skills in the outpatient
      department.
AB  - We have described a psychiatric clerkship which is highlighted by a clinical
      exposure for the students to the practice of psychodynamic psychotherapy on
      relatively well-functioning outpatients. Students assigned this rotation are
      shown to opt for psychiatry significantly more often and rate the educational
      experience as significantly more positive when compared to psychiatry clerks
      other teaching hospitals which do not emphasize this clinical experience in
      outpatient psychotherapy. In addition, students undergoing this type of clerkship
      are shown to significantly improve in their ability to the histories and interact
      with medically ill patients, suggesting a further beneficial effect of the
      experience in conducting psychotherapy during the clerkship.

PMID- 6571627
TI  - Role of prior knowledge in comprehension of medical information by medical
      students and physicians.

PMID- 6571628
TI  - Text comprehension among medical students and experienced physicians. A
      preliminary study.

PMID- 6571629
TI  - Representation of clinical case cues: a multidimensional scaling demonstration.

PMID- 6571631
TI  - Physicians' evaluation of their postgraduate education for primary care.

PMID- 6571630
TI  - Analysis of practice patterns: differences in primary care practice by
      postgraduate training route.

PMID- 6571632
TI  - Factors underlying the cognitive difficulty of patient care episodes.

PMID- 6571633
TI  - Women in medicine: factors which influence career patterns.

PMID- 6571634
TI  - The selection of priority problems and conditions: an innovative approach to
      curriculum design in medical education.

PMID- 6571635
TI  - The relationship between cognitive factors and medical student
      specialty/residency selection.

PMID- 6571637
TI  - Models for predicting practice outcomes based on branching and switching of
      physicians among specialties during graduate medical education.

PMID- 6571638
TI  - Leniency and score distribution differences among clinical raters.

PMID- 6571636
TI  - Career choice in family medicine: a longitudinal study.

PMID- 6571639
TI  - Evaluating medical student clinical skill performance: relationships among self,
      peer, and expert ratings.

PMID- 6571640
TI  - A multiple station objective clinical evaluation.

PMID- 6571641
TI  - Student evaluation in clinical education: a field study at one medical school.

PMID- 6571642
TI  - Physician adoption of new clinical investigations--a study of the information
      sources utilized during the decision making process.

PMID- 6571643
TI  - The role of communication networks in physicians' adoption of innovations.

PMID- 6571644
TI  - Information-seeking behavior among physicians practicing in urban and nonurban
      areas.

PMID- 6571645
TI  - Effects of CPR training: participant competence and patient outcomes.

PMID- 6571646
TI  - Can the future adjustment of medical students be predicted? A thirty-five year
      follow-up.

PMID- 6571647
TI  - Assessing medical student stress levels and psycho-physiological stress
      reactions.

PMID- 6571648
TI  - Research-and-teaching elective in a primary care oriented school.

PMID- 6571649
TI  - A 10-year freshman support group program: leader review.

PMID- 6571650
TI  - Outstanding clinical teachers: methods, characteristics and behaviors.

PMID- 6571651
TI  - Evaluation of attending physicians: three perspectives.

PMID- 6571652
TI  - Improving teaching rounds: action research in medical education.

PMID- 6571653
TI  - Predicting national board performance using MCATs and medical school course
      scores.

PMID- 6571655
TI  - Medical problem-solving: a critique of the literature.

PMID- 6571654
TI  - Doomed to failure? Correlates of NBME. Part I. Success among students predicted
      to fail.

PMID- 6571656
TI  - The effect of item format on test performance.

PMID- 6571657
TI  - Coping with 'loose coupling': the introduction and maintenance of new curricula
      in medical schools.

PMID- 6571658
TI  - Promoting medical student attention to preventive medicine in the clinical
      setting.

PMID- 6571659
TI  - The primary care curriculum: educating for change in medicine.

PMID- 6571660
TI  - Freshman and senior medical students' opinions concerning economic aspects of the
      health care system, 1980-1983.

PMID- 6571661
TI  - The cost of problem-based vs. traditional medical education. I. Faculty time
      during the freshman year.

PMID- 6571662
TI  - Symposium: The potential effects of changing fiscal policies on medical
      education.

PMID- 6571663
TI  - Symposium: Contrasting perspectives on the clinical ratings process.

PMID- 6571664
TI  - Symposium: Videotapes as teaching tools: three applications in medical education.

PMID- 6571665
TI  - Symposium: Developing medical curricula responsive to national health needs.

PMID- 6571666
TI  - Symposium: Identifying the marginal student during clinical clerkships.

PMID- 6571667
TI  - Symposium: Dual careers in medicine.

PMID- 6571668
TI  - Symposium: Technical considerations and establishing standards for scoring
      clinical performance in simulated clinical encounters.

PMID- 6571669
TI  - Supply of and demand for academic general internists--an exploratory study of a
      re-emerging academic discipline.

PMID- 6571670
TI  - Symposium: Stress in clinical training: causes, recognition and intervention.

PMID- 6571671
TI  - Symposium: Use of the OSCE (objective structured clinical examination) to assess
      clinical competence.

PMID- 6571672
TI  - Symposium: Strategies for integrating the basic and clinical sciences.

PMID- 6571673
TI  - Stresses and supports during residency training.

PMID- 6571674
TI  - The case study as research in medical education: issues related to the
      educational quality of a medical residency program.

PMID- 6571675
TI  - The reliability and validity of in-training evaluation reports in obstetrics and
      gynecology.
AB  - In a specific Obstetrics and Gynecological program, the program and certifying
      ITERs were evaluated for their measurement qualities. The internal consistency of
      the ITERs is supported. The tendency for high inter-item correlations suggest
      overall judgment of candidates may be influencing individual item rankings-
      particularly on the Program ITER. Unfamiliarity of faculty with appropriate
      behaviors may be one of the reasons for this effect based on the faculty's
      inability to select correct behavior for each item. Very limited inter-form
      consistency is noted and random associations of items often correlate higher than
      parallel items. The stability of the Program ITER is supported, but there is
      little support for criterion validity based on the criterion variables available.
      It is concluded that more clearly defined behaviors must be identified for each
      ITER item and faculty must be trained in their use. The use of the same ITER for
      all specialities may be a major reason for this inconsistency. Lastly, more
      studies of validity are advised.

PMID- 6571676
TI  - Reliability and validity of objective examinations.

PMID- 6571677
TI  - Reliability and validity of ratings of physician performance.

PMID- 6571678
TI  - The predictive validity of test formats and a psychometric theory of clinical
      competence.

PMID- 6571679
TI  - Visual arts training to enhance observational skills of medical students.

PMID- 6571680
TI  - Patient instruction and locus of control: an application of the aptitude x
      treatment interaction approach.

PMID- 6571681
TI  - Individual learning style: the development of a reliable measure.

PMID- 6571682
TI  - The relation of extended life to extended employment since the passage of social
      security in 1935.

PMID- 6571683
TI  - Comment: the democracy of facts.
AB  - As the availability and quality of our national data-gathering systems have
      increasingly been taken for granted, concern and protection for these resources
      have been relaxed. This has resulted in the loss of a focus for statistical
      policy and coordination, a diminution in the size of samples taken, a
      retrogression in the amount of data collected, and the neglect of social and
      economic research. It is the responsibility of government, labor, business, and
      users of data to demand a national statistical coordination that maintains
      quality, integrity, and independence.

PMID- 6571684
TI  - Orthopaedic resource day: a new addition to nursing orientation.

PMID- 6571685
TI  - Getting the facts: a guide to orthopaedic assessment.

PMID- 6571686
TI  - Orthopaedic health promotion: injury and disability prevention.

PMID- 6571687
TI  - Protocol: health screening for Indochinese refugees.
AB  - Indochinese patients of all ages continue to present with multiple health
      problems. The most prevalent include incomplete immunizations, skin disease,
      dental disease, positive tuberculin skin tests, otitis media, anemia and
      intestinal parasites. Thorough health assessments for both adults and children
      include complete patient's age. If health problems can be diagnosed and treated
      soon after arrival in the United States, the refugees can then concentrate on the
      daily adaptation problems and complete the acculturation process.

PMID- 6571688
TI  - Missouri legislation and litigation. Practicing medicine without a license.

PMID- 6571689
TI  - Models of clinical practice.

PMID- 6571690
TI  - Primary care of the mastectomy patient.
AB  - Breast cancer is the leading form of cancer and a common chronic illness in
      women. The prevention, diagnosis and management of the disease involves a need
      for information, support and ongoing physical care which can best be coordinated
      by a primary care provider. This article reviews current surgical and adjuvant
      therapies and their side effects. The role of the nurse practitioner in
      monitoring and meeting mastectomy patients' needs during and after treatment is
      also discussed.

PMID- 6571691
TI  - The thinker-doer dual nursing role.
AB  - Nursing, for a time, was a profession polarized into "thinker" and "doer" groups.
      This polarization was bridged by nurse practitioners who were expected to be both
      knowledgeable and capable; the degree of their accountability demanded both. More
      recently, the nursing world has come to accept the duality of the thinker-doer
      nursing role. It is no longer unthinkable for a clinically oriented journal to
      discuss practice-relevant theories. Theories can be viewed as generalizations
      which guide decision making. They don't have to be grand theories which encompass
      every human condition to be valuable. In this series, advantages and
      disadvantages of a number of practice-relevant theories will be explored. Early
      on, "borrowed" theories will be considered. Later, some newer, more original
      theories will be discussed.

PMID- 6571692
TI  - 3M/NTI scholarship paper. Innovative strategies for the future.

PMID- 6571693
TI  - [Intraosseous ganglion of the carpal scaphoid--a case report].

PMID- 6571694
TI  - In vitro transcription of human mitochondrial DNA. Identification of specific
      light strand transcripts from the displacement loop region.
AB  - The displacement loop region of human mitochondrial DNA contains the origin of
      heavy strand DNA replication and is the most likely site of promotion of
      transcription of both heavy and light strands. In order to identify relevant
      control regions for initiation of transcription, a partially purified human
      mitochondrial RNA polymerase activity was isolated and utilized in a runoff
      transcription assay using a cloned portion of the displacement loop region as the
      DNA template. Analysis of the transcription products from differentially cleaved
      DNA templates reveals that specific light strand transcripts are synthesized and
      no heavy strand transcripts are detectable. The 5' ends of the light strand
      transcripts map within a unique trinucleotide site on the heavy strand template
      at a position which overlaps the pentanucleotide map position of the 5' ends of
      in vivo 7 S RNA light strand transcripts. By using templates that have been
      truncated at the 5' or 3' end, an upper limit on the size of template sequence
      required for synthesis of the specific light sequence required for synthesis of
      the specific light strand transcripts can be defined as the 433-nucleotide
      genomic region between the 5' 10 nucleotides of the 12 S rRNA gene and a BalI
      restriction site in the displacement loop region that is 352 nucleotides from the
      gene boundary for tRNAPhe. Two of the previously identified conserved sequences
      of the mammalian displacement loop region are not required for synthesis of the
      light strand transcripts. The location of the in vitro light strand transcripts
      is consistent with a functional role in either in vivo transcription or priming
      of heavy strand DNA replication.

PMID- 6571695
TI  - The genes sup-7 X and sup-5 III of C. elegans suppress amber nonsense mutations
      via altered transfer RNA.
AB  - The sup-5 III and sup-7 X suppressors in C. elegans have previously been shown to
      have many genetic properties in common with tRNA nonsense suppressors of
      microorganisms. We report here the results of two lines of investigation into the
      molecular basis of these suppressors. In one, which sought to determine the
      nature of suppressible alleles, we demonstrate through DNA sequencing studies
      that a suppressible allele, unc-54(e 1300) I, of the myosin heavy chain gene
      contains a C leads to T substitution, which changes a glutamine codon to amber
      terminator at residue 1903. In the other approach, which sought to define the
      nature of the suppressing activity, we show through in vitro translation studies
      that tRNA fractions from the suppressor strains, but not wild-type, promote the
      specific readthrough of amber terminators of three different messenger RNAs. We
      conclude that sup-5 and sup-7 result in readthrough of amber terminators in vivo
      through an altered tRNA.

PMID- 6571696
TI  - Human preprovasoactive intestinal polypeptide contains a novel PHI-27-like
      peptide, PHM-27.
AB  - Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), a 28-amino acid peptide originally
      isolated from porcine duodenum, is present not only in gastrointestinal tissues
      but also in neural tissues, possibly as a neurotransmitter, and exhibits a wide
      range of biological actions (for example, relaxation of smooth muscle,
      stimulation of intestinal water and electrolyte secretion and release of insulin,
      glucagon and several anterior pituitary hormones). As the structure of porcine
      and bovine VIP shows several similarities to those of mammalian glucagon,
      secretin and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), VIP is considered to be a member
      of the glucagon-secretin family. Recently, we have found that VIP is synthesized
      from a precursor, pro-VIP (molecular weight (Mr) 17,500), in human neuroblastoma
      cells and that the primary translation product of the mRNA encoding VIP is prepro
      VIP (Mr 20,000). In an attempt to elucidate the primary structure of the
      precursor, we have now cloned the DNA sequence complementary to the mRNA coding
      for human VIP and analysed the nucleotide sequence. The entire amino acid
      sequence of the precursor, deduced from the nucleotide sequence, indicates that
      the precursor protein contains not only VIP but also a novel peptide of 27 amino
      acids. The peptide, designated PHM-27, differs by only 2 amino acids from PHI-27,
      a peptide recently isolated from porcine intestine, and is also closely related
      in sequence to VIP.

PMID- 6571697
TI  - Sequences of halobacterial tRNAs and the paucity of U in the first position of
      their anticodons.
AB  - The sequence of three tRNAs from Halobacterium cutirubrum have been determined.
      The sequences of tRNAValGAC and tRNAValCAC differ by only one nucleotide which is
      in the 5' terminal anticodon position. These tRNAs as well as that of tRNAAlaCGC
      are compared to other known halobacterial tRNAs. An observed paucity (or absence)
      of U in the first anticodon position is unique to archaebacterial tRNAs and may
      be indicative of unusual decoding properties of these organisms.

PMID- 6571698
TI  - The nucleotide sequences of 5S ribosomal RNAs from four Bryophyta-species.
AB  - The nucleotide sequences of cytoplasmic 5S rRNA from four bryophytes, Marchantia
      polymorpha, Lophocolea heterophylla, Plagiomnium trichomanes and Anthoceros
      punctatus have been determined. These RNAs are 119 nucleotides long except for
      the Anthoceros RNA that has 118 nucleotides. Their sequences are highly similar
      to each other (91-99% identity) and are more related to those from seed plants
      (78-83% identity) than to those from green algae (61-73% identity).

PMID- 6571699
TI  - A single gene for bovine high molecular weight and low molecular weight
      kininogens.
AB  - A potent vasoactive peptide, bradykinin, is liberated from two distinct
      kininogens designated low molecular weight (LMW) and high molecular weight (HMW)
      kininogens. We have recently cloned and sequenced cDNAs for bovine LMW
      prekininogens and indicated that LMW prekininogens are encoded by two very
      similar but distinct mRNAs. This study concerns the structural basis for the
      relationship between HMW and LMW prekininogen mRNAs by examination of cDNA clones
      for bovine HMW prekininogens and a genomic clone. Two types of cDNAs for HMW
      prekininogens have been identified. The deduced sequences of these two mRNAs are
      identical with those of two LMW prekininogen mRNAs up to the regions preceding
      the sequences specifying the divergent C-terminal regions of HMW and LMW
      kininogens, with one-to-one correspondence. In genomic DNA, the sequence
      precisely corresponding to the divergent 3'-terminal region of LMW prekininogen
      mRNA is located after 87 nucleotides downstream from the sequence specifying the
      3'-untranslated region of HMW prekininogen mRNA. Based on these findings, we
      conclude that HMW and LMW prekininogen mRNAs are transcribed from the same gene.

PMID- 6571700
TI  - Structural features of B family chorion sequences in the silkmoth Bombyx mori,
      and their evolutionary implications.
AB  - Partial protein sequences, and DNA sequences of corresponding cDNA and genomic
      clones were obtained and analyzed to reveal the primary structural features of
      major, developmentally middle or late components of the B chorion multigene
      family in Bombyx mori. Comparisons with other types of sequences confirm and
      clarify the tripartite domain structure of chorion proteins. Glycine-, leucine-
      and tyrosine-containing, tandemly repetitive peptides form the bulk of the amino
      terminal and carboxy-terminal domains ('arms'). Extensive sequence homologies
      suggest a common evolutionary origin for the amino-terminal arms of some B. mori
      B sequences and the corresponding portions of members of a different (A) chorion
      multigene family in Antheraea polyphemus, a distantly related silkmoth.

PMID- 6571701
TI  - Biochemical and genetical characterization of a fiber-defective temperature
      sensitive mutant of type 2 adenovirus.
AB  - The adenovirus type 2 fiber mutant H2 ts 125 synthesized an unstable, temperature
      sensitive fiber polypeptide with an apparent mol. wt. smaller by 2500 than the
      wild-type (62 K). The polypeptide of 59.5 K was found to be stable at the
      permissive temperature (33 degrees C). H2 ts 125 fiber synthesized in
      reticulocyte lysates had the same apparent mol. wt. of 59.5 K as the mutant fiber
      produced in vivo. Neither structural nor functional differences between wild-type
      and mutant fibers were detected in the N-terminal and C-terminal sequences,
      excluding the occurrence of a new initiation or termination codon. Restriction
      analysis of H2 ts 125 DNA also ruled out the hypothesis of a deletion mutant. The
      59.5 K mutant fiber unit was normally glycosyated, N-acetylated, assembled into
      6S oligomeric fiber and incorporated into virions. DNA sequencing of the H2 ts
      125 fiber gene revealed two point mutations at nucleotides 3970 (C*TT leads to
      T*TT) and 4958 (GC*T leads to GT*T), corresponding to two amino acid changes at
      positions 105 and 434, respectively. The 105 mutation consisted of a conservative
      change Leu leads to Phe; the 434 interchange was Ala leads to Val, usually
      considered as nonconservative. The possibility of a donor site for splicing
      created by the mutation at codon GTT was eliminated on the basis of S1 nuclease
      analysis data. All these results suggested that either one or both mutations
      concerned highly organized domain(s) of the fiber polypeptide chain, resulting in
      aberrant mobility in SDS-polyacrylamide gels and temperature-sensitivity.

PMID- 6571702
TI  - Structure of two human beta-actin-related processed genes one of which is located
      next to a simple repetitive sequence.
AB  - From a human gene library we have isolated and sequenced a beta-actin-like
      pseudogene, H beta Ac-psi 2, which lacks intervening sequences and contains
      several mutations resulting in frame-shifts, stop codons and in a departure from
      the known beta-actin protein sequence. We have also extended our sequence work on
      the intronless human beta-actin-related pseudogene H beta Ac-psi 1 described
      previously and we find that both genes are processed genes ending in a poly(dA)
      tract and flanked by direct repeats. The gene H beta Ac-psi 2 is preceded by a
      230-bp region in which the simple sequence 5'-GAAA-3' is repeated greater than 40
      times. This satellite-like sequence is highly repetitive in the human genome.

PMID- 6571703
TI  - Nucleotide sequences of three soybean chloroplast tRNAsLeu and re-examination of
      bean chloroplast tRNA2Leu sequence.
AB  - The nucleotide sequences of soybean chloroplast tRNAsLeu were determined using
      post-labeling techniques. Comparison of the primary structures of soybean
      chloroplast tRNAsLeu with their bean, maize and spinach counterparts only show
      few base differences. Contrary to previously published results (1) a re
      examination of bean tRNALeu sequence shows that this tRNA resembles soybean and
      maize tRNA2Leu in structure.

PMID- 6571704
TI  - Organization of the human myoglobin gene.
AB  - Cross-hybridization of the grey seal myoglobin gene to human DNA detected a
      single human myoglobin gene plus an extensive family of sequences apparently
      related to the central exon of this gene. The functional human gene is 10.4 kb
      long and has a haemoglobin-like three exon/two intron structure with long non
      coding regions similar to its seal homologue. At least 300 bp of 5'-flanking
      region are closely homologous between the two genes, with the exception of a
      divergent purine-rich region 68-114 bp upstream of the cap site. A diverged
      tandem repetitive sequence based on (GGAT)165 is located 1100-1750 bp upstream
      from the gene; internal homology units within this sequence suggest sequence
      homogenization by gene microconversions. A second 33-bp tandem repeat element in
      the first intron is flanked by a 9-bp direct repeat, shares homology with other
      tandem repetitive elements in the human genome and may represent a novel form of
      transposable element.

PMID- 6571705
TI  - [Effect of benzobamil on the morpho-functional state of liver and drug metabolism
      in experimental CC14 intoxication].
AB  - An anticonvulsive drug benzobamil (3-benzoyl-5-ethyl-5-isoamyl barbituric acid)
      improved the antitoxic function of liver tissue, increased the content of RNA,
      protein, cytochrome P-450, accelerated the oxidation of NADH, NADPH as well as
      metabolism of xenobiotics in microsomes of rats with CCl4 intoxication.
      Benzobamil normalized the hepatocyte structure, corrected the fatty dystrophy,
      stimulated the protein synthesis, increased the content of glycogen as well as
      activity of succinate and lactate dehydrogenases and stabilized the lysosomal
      membranes.

PMID- 6571706
TI  - Comparison of dye exclusion assays with a clonogenic assay in the determination
      of drug-induced cytotoxicity.
AB  - The following factors must be considered when dye exclusion assays are
      interpreted. (a) It may require several days for lethally damaged cells to lose
      their membrane integrity following a cytotoxic insult. (b) During this time, the
      "surviving" cells may continue to proliferate. (c) Also during this time, some
      lethally damaged cells may undergo an early disintegration, so that they are not
      present to be stained with dye at the end of the culture period. Factors b and c
      may cause an underestimate of cell kill when the results of the assay are based
      upon the traditional "percent viability" expression. In order to overcome these
      problems, an internal standard was developed and tested. This was based upon the
      addition of a constant number of permanently fixed duck erythrocytes to the
      cultures of cells from two different established tumor cell lines. Results were
      based upon comparisons of the ratios of "viable" tumor cells to duck erythrocytes
      on permanent cytocentrifuge slides prepared from the cultures. This novel "ratio"
      method was found to be a more sensitive index of drug-induced cell kill than the
      traditional percent viability method. A standard agar cloning assay gave somewhat
      higher estimates of cell kill than the ratio method, although both assays were in
      qualitative agreement for the drugs tested. All three assays demonstrated a clear
      dose-effect relationship for most of the drugs tested. Dye exclusion assays may
      have a useful role in chemosensitivity testing in vitro.

PMID- 6571707
TI  - Kinetic and catabolic considerations of monoclonal antibody targeting in
      erythroleukemic mice.
AB  - The parameters affecting the use of tumor-specific monoclonal antibodies for
      diagnostic imaging and tumor cell targeting and therapy were quantitatively
      examined in a murine erythroleukemia model system. Normal and tumor-bearing
      leukemic BALB/c mice were given injections of 125I-, 131I-, or 111In-labeled
      specific and control immunoglobulins. At various times after injection, gamma
      camera images were obtained, and targeting to whole organs and to isolated cells
      was measured. The following observations were made: (a) tumor-specific monoclonal
      antibodies rapidly targeted to tumor cells (within hr); (b) the ratio of binding
      to tumor cells as compared to normal cells was highest (63.7 +/- 7.6) at the
      earliest times (6 hr after injection); (c) specific targeting was reflected by 20
      fold shorter half-lives of antibody in the blood of tumor-bearing mice; (d) bound
      antibody was rapidly catabolized, and the radiolabel was cleared from the target
      (within hr) and appeared in organs metabolizing or excreting the radioisotope;
      (e) optimal images of tumors, using either 131I- or 111In
      diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-labeled antibodies, were obtained early after
      extravascular distribution of the antibody because of the rapid targeting,
      clearance, and excretion or metabolism of isotope; and (f) changing the
      immunoglobulin isotype class or fragment had large effects on the half-life of
      the antibody but did not improve cell targeting uptake ratios or image contrast
      or alleviate the problem of specific catabolism. These results suggest (a) that
      diagnostic imaging should be obtained immediately after extravascular
      distribution of the antibody using short-lived isotopes and (b) that tumoricidal
      agents coupled to antibodies must act quickly upon targeting. In our system, the
      radiometal chelate-conjugated monoclonal antibodies appear to be the most
      versatile and effective at satisfying these criteria.

PMID- 6571708
TI  - Chromosomal aberrations observed in 52 mouse myeloid leukemias.
AB  - Chromosomes of 52 cases of mouse myeloid leukemia were examined. There were 5
      myeloblastic leukemias, 22 granulocytic leukemias, 17 myelomonocytic leukemias,
      and 8 monocytic leukemias. Fifty cases were radiation induced and the other 2
      were nonirradiated. Each case had leukemic cells with 1 to 10 marker chromosomes.
      Partially deleted No. 2 chromosomes appeared in 49 cases, including 2
      nonirradiated cases. These deleted No. 2 chromosomes were varied in size, and
      they were classified into 7 types according to morphological features. There was
      no type-dependent difference in histological or cytological features among the 7
      types. It was found that the chromosomal segment lying between Regions 2C and 2D
      was commonly missing from all of the deleted No. 2 chromosomes. In addition to
      such No. 2 chromosomes, an anomaly in chromosome 6 was observed in 16 cases, of
      which 12 cases were granulocytic leukemia. The abnormalities of chromosomes 3 and
      9 were next most frequent, appearing in 14 cases each. Besides such structural
      anomalies, numerical changes involving the Y chromosome (33 cases), chromosome
      6(6 cases), and chromosome 15 (4 cases) were also found. Characteristics of the
      karyotypes of the mouse myeloid leukemia in comparison with other leukemias were
      noted. The significance of the specific segments of the chromosomes which were
      commonly missing or trisomic in the karyotypes of neoplasias in mice, rats and
      humans was discussed. It was suggested that the genesis of myeloid leukemia was
      greatly influenced by the genetic information on chromosome 2 in mice.

PMID- 6571709
TI  - Action of retinoids on the anchorage-independent growth of normal rat kidney
      fibroblasts induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate or sarcoma growth
      factor.
AB  - In this study, we report that retinoic acid enhances dramatically the colony
      forming ability in soft-agar medium of normal rat kidney fibroblast cells NRK 536
      3 (SA6) exposed to sarcoma growth factor. Retinoic acid also stimulates colony
      formation in soft agar induced by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13
      acetate, although the phorbol ester alone is less effective in producing
      anchorage-independent growth than is the sarcoma growth factor. Retinoic acid not
      only enhances the number of colonies formed but also causes an increase in their
      average size. Retinoic acid by itself does not induce anchorage-independent
      growth. The formation of colonies in agar induced by either the sarcoma growth
      factor or the phorbol ester is a reversible characteristic whether retinoic acid
      is present or not. Retinoic acid acts synergistically with the sarcoma growth
      factor and the phorbol ester on anchorage-dependent growth of these NRK cells. In
      addition to retinoic acid, the 13-cis-, 4-oxo-, and trimethylmethoxyphenyl
      analogues of retinoic acid and retinol also stimulate colony formation in agar
      induced by sarcoma growth factor or the phorbol ester. Although the stimulation
      of growth in soft agar by various retinoids correlates well with the specificity
      with which they bind to the cytosolic binding proteins in other systems, no
      binding proteins could be detected in the cytosol of these normal rat kidney
      cells.

PMID- 6571710
TI  - HLA and gluten cytotoxicity in vitro.

PMID- 6571711
TI  - Biosynthesis and expression of Ia and H-2 antigens on a macrophage cell line are
      stimulated by products of activated spleen cells.

PMID- 6571712
TI  - Expression of H-2Dd and H-2Ld mouse major histocompatibility antigen genes in L
      cells after DNA-mediated gene transfer.
AB  - Among the more than 20 H-2-like genes in the BALB/c mouse genome, there are two
      classical transplantation antigens (H-2Dd and H-2Ld) encoded at the D-end of the
      major histocompatibility complex. Here we report the identification of a
      bacteriophage clone that encodes H-2Dd. The H-2Dd gene was identified by
      nucleotide sequence analysis and by characterization of the new H-2 antigen
      expressed when the cloned gene was introduced into mouse L cells by DNA-mediated
      gene transfer. The previously identified H-2Ld gene was then compared with the H
      2Dd gene. The two genes appear to have the same general structure, and for the
      854 nucleotides that have been compared, the two genes are 89% homologous. The H
      2Ld and H-2Dd antigens expressed on mouse L cells after DNA-mediated gene
      transfer were examined by immunologic criteria. The stably transformed cell lines
      express apparently normal levels of H-2Dd and H-2Ld on the cell surface as
      measured by quantitative immunofluorescence by using monoclonal anti-H-2
      antibodies. They synthesize H-2Dd and H-2Ld at normal rates as determined by
      endogenous labeling and immunoprecipitation of cell extracts. They evoke a strong
      specific serologic response when used to immunize C3H mice. The newly expressed
      antigens are able to serve as targets for alloreactive T cells. These cloned
      genes provide good substrates for examining the evolution of two closely linked H
      2 antigen genes. Comparison of the structures of these genes provides clues to
      the basis for the differential expression of these antigens and their different
      biologic functions.

PMID- 6571713
TI  - Spasmodic dysphonia in Gilles de la Tourette's disease.

PMID- 6571714
TI  - Induction of differentiation of human myeloid leukemias: surface changes probed
      with monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - The surface changes occurring in three acute myeloid leukemia cell lines (HL60,
      ML3, and KG1) induced to differentiate by a variety of agents (dimethylsulfoxide,
      retinoic acid, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, and factors present in
      lymphocyte conditioned medium) were probed using monoclonal antibodies that are
      differentiation stage- and lineage-specific. In all cases, the differentiated
      phenotype was defective and varied with the inducing agent and the cell line
      used. HL60 proved to be the most sensitive to the effect of the inducers.
      Retinoic acid was better than DMSO, and TPA was better than the medium factors in
      the ability to induce granulocytic and monocytic differentiation, respectively,
      in HL60 cells. These findings indicate that the differentiation block in acute
      myeloid leukemias is heterogeneous and that each cell line has different
      phenotypic characteristics that are responsible for the extent of differentiation
      obtained with a given inducer. These results also suggest that the extent of the
      differentiation response in vitro may be improved by the use of more suitable
      inducers for each specific leukemic line.

PMID- 6571715
TI  - Immunoreactive calcitonin production by a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line
      HL60.
AB  - Using a sensitive radioimmunoassay, we detected human immunoreactive calcitonin
      in cell extracts and in cell-exposed media of the HL60 cell line derived
      originally from a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia. The cell extract was
      chromatographed on a reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography system.
      Radioimmunoassay of the fractions showed that the immunoreactive calcitonin was
      heterogeneous but had peaks corresponding to those of synthetic human calcitonin
      monomer and its sulphoxide. We have previously shown that levels of
      immunoreactive calcitonin are elevated in the plasma of the majority of patients
      with acute and chronic myeloid leukemias. Our studies with the HL60 cell line add
      further support to the concept that leukemic cells can synthesize immunoreactive
      calcitonin "ectopically."

PMID- 6571716
TI  - Near-tetraploid clones in acute leukemia.
AB  - Near-tetraploid clones were observed in bone marrow (BM) samples from two
      patients with acute leukemia. One case had a hypotetraploid clone (model
      chromosome range, 88-90) characterized by two apparently identical 8:21
      translocations and loss of both Y chromosomes as well as by other changes. As in
      aneuploid patients with only a single 8:21 translocation, the cytologic features
      in this case were characteristic of acute myeloid leukemia with maturation. The
      marrow of the second patient contained immature leukemic blasts indicative of
      acute myeloid leukemia. The abnormal clone in this patient contained 93
      chromosomes with an extra small marker. In this case we examined BM preparations
      that were made by several different cytogenetic methods: "direct" and 24-hr
      culture (with or without methotrexate synchronization). We scanned 100
      consecutive mitotic cells from each of the three preparations and found almost no
      variation in the incidence of abnormal metaphase cells. However, in this
      particular case, we noted some disparity between preparations with respect to the
      quality of diploid mitoses versus that of near-tetraploid mitoses. This finding
      is discussed with near-tetraploid mitoses. This finding is discussed with regard
      to bias in selecting metaphase cells for banding analysis in acute leukemia in
      general. In both of our patients there was a close correlation between the
      incidence of polyploid mitoses observed in cytogenetic preparations and the
      incidence of bizarre blast cells found in BM smears on the same date.

PMID- 6571718
TI  - Effects of alkyl-lysophospholipids on human leukemic cell lines measured by
      nuclear magnetic resonance.
AB  - Part of the cytotoxic action of alkyl-lysophospholipids (ALP) on leukemic cells
      is known to result from the lack of an O-alkyl cleavage enzyme and its
      antimetabolic effect which results in a toxic lysophospholipid buildup. Further,
      ALP (5 micrograms/ml) suppresses clonogenicity and tritiated thymidine uptake in
      HL60 cultures after 24 hr of exposure. The effect of ALP on two leukemic cell
      lines, HL60 and K562, measured by two nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques
      and examined by electron microscopy is reported. 31P-NMR spectroscopy indicates
      that the adenosine 5'-triphosphate:adenosine 5'-diphosphate ratios are unaffected
      after 24 hr, as is mitochondrial morphology, judging by electron micrographs.
      However, cell membrane integrity in HL60 is altered at that time. The earliest
      ALP effects occur in NMR internal water relaxation at 1 hr after ALP exposure,
      followed by a small reduction in tritiated thymidine uptake at 4 hr. No effect is
      observed in K562 cell cultures in morphology or NMR measurements. No new 31P
      labeled metabolites were detected in either cell line as a result of drug
      treatment.

PMID- 6571717
TI  - Differentiation patterns in the blastic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia.
AB  - The surface antigen phenotype of 30 patients with the blast phase of chronic
      myeloid leukemia (CML) was determined using a panel of monoclonal antibodies
      recognizing differentiation antigens of normal myeloid, erythroid, megakaryocyte,
      and lymphoid cells. Ten patients' cells expressed a phenotype corresponding to an
      immature myeloid cell and were felt to have "myeloid" blast crisis. None of these
      myeloid leukemias were TdT+ or responded to vincristine (V) and prednisone (P).
      Eleven patients expressed a phenotype similar to acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      cells and probably reflect maturation to an early B lymphocyte. All of these
      "lymphoid" leukemias were TdT+, and 67% of evaluable patients had a complete
      response to V and P. One leukemia had the phenotype of an erythroleukemia, one
      patient's cells expressed the phenotype of megakaryoblastic leukemia, and one
      leukemia had populations of both myeloid and lymphoid blasts. Six leukemias did
      not express surface markers characteristic of any lineage and were termed
      "undifferentiated." This group was heterogeneous with respect to TdT expression,
      but no patient had a complete response to V and P. Determination of surface
      antigen phenotype in CML blast crisis thus provides clinically useful information
      for the structuring of treatment protocols.

PMID- 6571719
TI  - Chromosomal abnormalities and their clinical significance in acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia. Third International Workshop on Chromosomes in Leukemia.
AB  - Three hundred thirty newly diagnosed patients were studied to determine the
      frequency and type of chromosomal abnormalities in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      (ALL) and their clinical significance. Analyses of banded chromosomes revealed
      clonal chromosomal abnormalities in 218 patients (66%), including all cases of B
      ALL; and 70% of non-T, non-B ALL; but only 39% of T-ALL (p less than 0.001).
      Patients were classified into 10 groups according to karyotype: no abnormalities
      (34%), one of the following recurring structural abnormalities [the Philadelphia
      chromosome (12%), t(4;11) (5%), t(8;14) (5%), 14q+ (4.5%), 6q- (4%)] or, in the
      remaining cases with abnormalities, the modal number [less than 46 (5%), 46
      (12%), 47 to 50 (8%), greater than 50 (9%)]. Response to treatment (achievement
      of complete remission and remission duration) and survival differed significantly
      among chromosome groups (p less than 0.002). The best responses were seen in
      patients with a modal number greater than 50; the poorest responses were found in
      patients with the t(4;11) and t(8;14). Interestingly, survival for children and
      adults who had karyotypes with the same specific structural abnormalities [e.g.,
      the Philadelphia chromosome or t(4;11)] was identical. Multivariate analysis
      demonstrated that the karyotypic pattern was an independent prognostic factor
      even when age, initial leukocyte count, and French-American-British (FAB) type
      were considered. We conclude that banded chromosome studies should be performed
      in all patients with ALL at diagnosis to identify those patients who have a
      pattern associated with a poor prognosis who may require more aggressive
      therapeutic approaches such as marrow transplantation.

PMID- 6571720
TI  - Effect of protein on the determination of total bile acids in serum.
AB  - We measured total serum bile acids on a fluorescence-light-scattering micro
      centrifugal analyzer by the direct enzymatic method with 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.50) and with resazurin as a fluorogenic electron
      acceptor. We found that serum protein has an inhibitory effect on the measurement
      of bile acids, but this effect was eliminated by adding bovine serum albumin to
      the reaction mixture in a final protein concentration (12.2 g/L) that was high
      compared with that contributed by a normal serum specimen. The assay is a
      sensitive method that reaches equilibrium in 5 min. The method is microscale (5
      microL of sample, 150 microL of working reagent), is easy to perform, and is
      accurate (analytical recovery = 104.1%) and precise (CV = 11.1 and 5.7% on
      specimens with bile acid concentrations of 7.6 and 35.4 mumol/L, respectively).
      Normal values are 1-12 and less than 9 mumol/L on nonfasting and fasting
      individuals, respectively. Pure 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase must be
      used: we found several enzyme preparations that gave falsely high values for bile
      acid.

PMID- 6571721
TI  - Differential lung ventilation after unilateral hydrochloric acid aspiration in
      the dog.
AB  - Differential lung ventilation (DLV) may be necessary in the supportive care of
      patients with severe unilateral or asymmetrical lung disease. The best method for
      allocating tidal volume between the 2 lungs is unknown. Eighteen mongrel dogs
      were given a unilateral hydrochloric acid (HCI) aspiration injury. A computer
      controlled differential lung ventilation system was used to ventilate 6 dogs with
      equal volumes in each lung, 6 dogs with equal end-inspiratory pressure in each
      lung, and 6 dogs with equal end-tidal CO2 fraction in each lung. The computer
      allocated volume between the 2 lungs by these 3 schemes on a breath-by-breath
      basis and maintained PaCO2 at 35 torr and total tidal volume at 15 ml/kg. Oxygen
      tension fell and pulmonary venous admixture increased after aspiration. There
      were no differences in gas exchange among the groups. Without PEEP, differential
      partitioning of tidal volume is of little consequence in differential lung
      ventilation of asymmetrical injuries.

PMID- 6571722
TI  - Infant ventilator design: performance during expiratory limb occlusion.
AB  - We examined the specifications and design of the inspiratory pressure regulating
      valve of 8 continuous flow, pressure-limited infant ventilators. Two pressure
      regulating designs are currently available; one placing the primary pressure
      regulating valve on the inspiratory limb, the other placing it on the expiratory
      limb. Seven ventilators incorporate the latter design to limit inspiratory
      pressure and must have a safety pressure-relief valve located on the inspiratory
      limb to vent pressure in case of circuit occlusion. These pressure-relief valves
      are generally set by the manufacturer far in excess of pressures normally used
      for infant ventilation. Alarm systems are often absent or inadequate to warn of
      high pressure conditions during circuit obstruction. A case report detailing the
      fatal complication of prolonged excessive airway pressure during circuit
      occlusion is presented. Improvements in the pressure-relief valve designs
      currently available are possible, and may be necessary to provide adequate
      protection from barotrauma. The majority of infant ventilators currently
      available expose the patient to unnecessary excessive airway pressures in the
      case of expiratory limb occlusion, and the lack of alarm systems may leave the
      operator unaware of malfunction.

PMID- 6571723
TI  - Intermittent inspiratory chest tube occlusion: a modification for patients with
      empyema.
AB  - In critical ill patients, significant bronchopleural cutaneous fistulae (BPCF)
      may lead to the loss of a substantial portion of mechanically delivered
      inspiratory volume. This leads to maldistribution of ventilation and ventilation
      perfusion mismatch with resulting arterial hypoxemia and hypercarbia. In such
      patients, attempts at surgical closure are frequently inadvisable. The use of
      intermittent inspiratory chest tube occlusion (IICTO) using a pneumatic valve has
      proven to be a useful adjunct in this clinical situation. In patients with
      empyema, as others, thick proteinaceous pleural fluid poses an unusual problem.
      As drying and caking of drainage occurs, the valving mechanism is impaired. A
      modification of the original technique is described, which eliminates this
      problem.

PMID- 6571724
TI  - Tips for dealing with the problem patient.

PMID- 6571726
TI  - Planning for your practice's future.

PMID- 6571725
TI  - Credit cards: a way to reduce your accounts receivable problem.

PMID- 6571727
TI  - Indium-111-leukocyte imaging study in inflammatory bowel disease.

PMID- 6571728
TI  - Genetic transformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae by DNA cloned into the single
      stranded bacteriophage f1.
AB  - A Staphylococcus aureus plasmid derivative, pFB9, coding for erythromycin and
      chloramphenicol resistance was cloned into the filamentous Escherichia coli phage
      f1. Recombinant phage-plasmid hybrids, designated plasmids, were isolated from E.
      coli and purified by transformation into Streptococcus pneumoniae. Single
      stranded DNA was prepared from E. coli cells infected with two different
      plasmids, fBB101 and fBB103. Introduction of fully or partially single-stranded
      DNA into Streptococcus pneumoniae was studied, using a recipient strain
      containing an inducible resident plasmid. Such a strain could rescue the donor
      DNA marker. Under these marker rescue conditions, single-stranded fBB101 DNA gave
      a 1% transformation frequency, whereas the double-stranded form gave about a 31%
      frequency. Transformation of single-stranded fBB101 DNA was inhibited by
      competing double-stranded DNA and vice versa, indicating that single-stranded DNA
      interacts with the pneumococcus via the same binding site as used by double
      stranded DNA. Heteroduplexed DNA containing the marker within a 70- or 800-base
      single-stranded region showed only slightly greater transforming activity than
      pure single-stranded DNA. In the absence of marker rescue, both strands of such
      imperfectly heteroduplexed DNA demonstrated transforming activity. Pure single
      stranded DNA demonstrated low but significant transforming activity into a
      plasmid-free recipient pneumococcus.

PMID- 6571729
TI  - Heat curing of a sym plasmid in a fast-growing Rhizobium sp. that is able to
      nodulate legumes and the nonlegume Parasponia sp.
AB  - Genes involved in nodulation of both legumes and the nonlegume Parasponia sp., as
      well as nitrogenase genes, reside on a large plasmid in a fast-growing Rhizobium
      sp. from Lablab purpureus. This plasmid can be cured by incubation at elevated
      temperatures and can be mobilized by the P1 group plasmid RP1::Tn501.

PMID- 6571731
TI  - Evaluation of cutaneous blood flow responses by 133Xenon washout and a laser
      Doppler flowmeter.
AB  - A new method for noninvasive measurement of cutaneous blood flow is laser-Doppler
      flowmetry. The technique is based on the fact that laser light is back-scattered
      from the moving red blood cells, with Doppler-shifted frequencies; these impulses
      lead to photodetectors and are converted to flow signals. In this work we used a
      new system with a low noise level. Comparison was made between this technique and
      the atraumatic epicutaneous 133Xenon technique for measurement of cutaneous blood
      flow during reactive hyperemia and orthostatic pressure changes. The laser
      Doppler flowmeter seems to measure blood flow in capillaries as well as in
      arteriovenous anastomoses, while the 133Xe method probably measures only
      capillary flow. A calibration of the laser-Doppler method against the 133Xe
      method would appear to be impossible in skin areas where arteriovenous
      anastomoses are present. The changes in blood flow during reactive hyperemia,
      orthostatic pressure changes, and venous stasis were found to be parallel as
      measured by the two methods in skin areas without shunt vessels. The laser
      Doppler flowmeter would appear to be a useful supplement to the 133Xe washout
      method in cutaneous vascular physiology, but it is important to keep in mind that
      different parameters may be measured.

PMID- 6571730
TI  - Pseudomonas stutzeri and related species undergo natural transformation.
AB  - Cells of Pseudomonas stutzeri are naturally transformed by homologous chromosomal
      DNA; they do not require chemical treatment to become competent. This capacity to
      undergo natural transformation was found to be shared by the closely related
      species P. mendocina, P. alcaligenes, and P. pseudoalcaligenes, but was not
      detectable in strains of P. aeruginosa, P. perfectomarinus, P. putida, P.
      fluorescens, or P. syringae. P. stutzeri could be transformed either on plates or
      in liquid medium. Only double-stranded chromosomal DNA was effective; single
      stranded DNA and plasmid DNA were not. DNA fragments larger than 10 kilobase
      pairs were more effective than smaller fragments. The transformation frequency
      was proportional to DNA concentration from 1 ng/ml to 1 microgram/ml; higher
      concentrations were saturating. The maximum frequency, about 10(-4) transformants
      per recipient cell, was obtained with cells from a culture in the early
      stationary growth phase. A variety of chromosomal mutations have been
      transformed, including mutations to auxotrophy and to antibiotic resistance.
      Other systems for genetic exchange in P. stutzeri have not yet been found;
      transformation offers a means for the genetic analysis of this metabolically
      versatile organism.

PMID- 6571732
TI  - Ethanol-induced hyperlipoproteinemia. Crucial role of preceding ethanol intake in
      the removal of chylomicrons.
AB  - Ethanol produces a number of effects in different steps of lipid metabolism which
      have been suggested to be responsible for the common phenomenon of ethanol
      induced hyperlipoproteinemia in man. The occurrence of hyperchylomicronemia has
      been attributed to an ethanol-specific disturbance of the clearing mechanism of
      triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. However, the reports on lipolytic activities and
      the clearance of chylomicrons after ethanol ingestion are contradictory. In this
      investigation the short-term excess of serum lipoproteins and the lipolytic
      activities in healthy volunteers were studied after single and prolonged ethanol
      ingestion followed by an intravenous lipid load. One hour after a single oral
      dose of ethanol, the intravenous fat tolerance test was unchanged. After an
      ethanol load over a 5 hr period, the fat tolerance was reduced, although the same
      ethanol levels at the time of infusion were maintained. In addition, the
      lipolytic activities of the serum were significantly reduced after 5 hr of
      ethanol ingestion followed by intravenous fat load. Hence the time relations
      between ethanol and fat loads determine whether a defect in chylomicron
      catabolism can be observed or not. A striking difference in the situations when
      the fat infusions were performed was the development of endogenous
      hypertriglyceridemia after 5 hr of ethanol ingestion. Since ethanol-dependent
      differences in the absorption of fat are ruled out by our experimental design, we
      attribute our findings to a competitive inhibition of chylomicron degradation by
      VLDL and partial depletion of the lipolytic system by combined endogenous and
      exogenous hypertriglyceridemia.

PMID- 6571734
TI  - Reduction of ketamine-induced emergence phenomena.

PMID- 6571735
TI  - Comparison of two methods of profile prediction in surgical treatment of
      mandibular prognathism.
AB  - Two methods for prediction of the soft tissue profile subsequent to oblique
      subcondylar osteotomy for correction of mandibular protrusion were evaluated. The
      first one included distalization of the mandible into an Angle Class I
      relationship. The amount of distalization and any vertical changes were
      transferred to the tracing, and the anticipated new profile was drawn. The second
      method was based on the profile means of a group of "normal" persons and was
      aimed at correction of both sagittal and vertical discrepancies. Fifty patients
      were studied. A double set of prediction tracings was made according to both
      methods; and the results were compared with the actual postoperative results and
      with a "normal" control group. Both methods were usable, as the predictions were
      considered satisfactory if they were within one standard deviation from the mean
      of the control group. The sagittal changes were somewhat exaggerated by both
      analyses. The vertical changes were much better expressed by the profile
      prediction. Such changes are difficult to create by the vertical subcondylar
      osteotomy. Consequently, the model prediction seems most suitable for planning
      profile changes in surgical techniques that include mobilization of one main
      mandibular fragment.

PMID- 6571733
TI  - Purification and characterization of fetal hematopoietic cells that express the
      common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA).
AB  - Fetal hematopoietic cells that express the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      antigen (CALLA) were purified from both fetal liver and fetal bone marrow by
      immune rosetting with sheep erythrocytes coated with rabbit anti-mouse
      immunoglobulin and by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Dual fluorescence
      techniques disclosed that these cells were heterogenous with respect to the
      expression of a series of differentiation and activation antigens defined by
      monoclonal antibodies. Thus, whereas all CALLA+ cells were Ia+ and expressed two
      activation antigens, J2 and T10, only 30-50% expressed B1 antigen. Furthermore,
      using methanol-fixed cells, it could be shown that approximately 20% contained
      intracytoplasmic mu chains (cyto-mu) and that approximately 15% were positive for
      the terminal transferase enzyme (TdT) marker. The CALLA+ fetal cells thus closely
      resemble the childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell with respect to surface
      marker phenotype. A population of CALLA- cells devoid of mature erythroid and
      myeloid surface markers was found to contain higher numbers of TdT+ cells but
      lower numbers of cyto-mu, B1, and Ia+ cells than the CALLA+ subset. In vitro
      analysis of normal, purified CALLA+ cells demonstrated that incubation at 37
      degrees C with J5 monoclonal antibody specific for CALLA resulted in the specific
      modulation of surface antigen. Similar results have previously been obtained with
      CALLA+ tumor cells. Although phenotypic analysis of CALLA+ cells suggests that
      these cells are relatively immature lymphoid cells, CALLA+ cells do not appear to
      contain either myeloid precursor cells (CFU-G/M) or the earliest lymphoid stem
      cells.

PMID- 6571736
TI  - A radiographic assessment of autologous tooth transplants in dogs.
AB  - This study assessed structural and functional changes that occurred when teeth in
      dogs were transplanted at various stages of development. Unerupted developing
      permanent teeth were transferred to other existing bony crypts or to surgically
      prepared bony sockets. Erupted teeth with varying degrees of root formation were
      transplanted to other sockets, some with increased functional influences. The
      development, morphologic features, and relationships of the transplanted teeth
      were assessed radiographically at intervals ranging from seven to 150 days
      postoperatively.

PMID- 6571737
TI  - New concepts in the reconstruction of mandibular defects following tumor
      resection.
AB  - The results of experiments with a new reconstruction plate used to bridge defects
      in irradiated and nonirradiated mandibles of dogs are presented. The principles
      of fixation of the plate with hollow titanium powder-sprayed screws and a
      titanium mesh for stabilizing the autologous cancellous bone are discussed. The
      direct contact between the surface of the screw and the bone, as well as
      proliferation of bone into the hollow screw, are demonstrated by light and
      scanning electron microscope studies. Autologous cancellous bone fixed with the
      new mesh leads to bridging of the defect even in irradiated areas.

PMID- 6571738
TI  - Case 43, Part I.

PMID- 6571739
TI  - Vascular leiomyoma of the infraorbital region.

PMID- 6571740
TI  - Solitary subcutaneous lipoma in the parotid region.
AB  - A case of a solitary subcutaneous lipoma in the parotid region occurring in a 45
      year-old woman is presented, and possible etiologic factors that can give rise to
      lipomas in the parotid region are discussed.

PMID- 6571742
TI  - Your recall system: a basic marketing technique.

PMID- 6571741
TI  - Sebaceous adenoma of the oral cavity.
AB  - The solitary sebaceous adenoma is uncommon both on the skin and in the oral
      mucosa. According to certain criteria, two cases have shown the features of this
      neoplasm. The differential diagnosis of this lesion should include Fordyce's
      granules and also adenomatoid sebaceous hyperplasia.

PMID- 6571743
TI  - A case of mistaken identity.

PMID- 6571744
TI  - Isolated bone relapse in long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6571745
TI  - Allogeneic leukocytes as a possible factor in induction of aids in homosexual
      men.

PMID- 6571747
TI  - General practice report.

PMID- 6571746
TI  - Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
AB  - Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is a portable wearable method of
      treatment for patients with end-stage renal failure. We describe our experience
      with 42 patients treated by this technique. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal
      dialysis provided satisfactory biochemical control of uraemia. Major problems
      encountered were peritonitis, catheter malfunction and the effects of raised
      intra-abdominal pressure. Patient motivation, compliance and good family support
      help predict those patients in whom the technique will be successful.

PMID- 6571748
TI  - Rheumatic fever outbreak in a school associated with M type 5 streptococci.

PMID- 6571749
TI  - Hypothermia in the elderly.

PMID- 6571750
TI  - Reintroduction of anti-inflammatory drug therapy after drug-associated
      gastrointestinal disturbances.

PMID- 6571751
TI  - Maternal welfare.

PMID- 6571752
TI  - Small children left alone in parked cars.

PMID- 6571754
TI  - Prevention of nuclear war.

PMID- 6571753
TI  - Vocational training for general practice.

PMID- 6571755
TI  - Intravenous disopyramide in myocardial infarction: a haemodynamic study.
AB  - Disopyramide (2 mg/kg intravenously in 10 minutes) was administered to 14
      patients with myocardial infarction within 36 hours of their infarct. Heart rate
      (HR) increased significantly five minutes after completion of the injection, but
      profound tachycardia was not seen. Mean wedge pressure (WP) rose and stroke
      volume (SV) fell. Disopyramide therefore showed a negative inotropic effect on
      the heart. Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) increased but blood pressure was
      not significantly altered. Diastolic and mean pulmonary arterial (PA) pressure
      was also increased by disopyramide. Peak plasma disopyramide level was reached
      five minutes after injection. The implications of the haemodynamic effects of
      disopyramide are discussed.

PMID- 6571756
TI  - Bilateral apical fibrobullous disease complicated by bilateral Aspergillus
      mycetomata in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 6571757
TI  - Postoperative pain.

PMID- 6571758
TI  - Ultrasound diagnosis of testicular leukemia.

PMID- 6571759
TI  - Childhood typhlitis: its increasing association with acute myelogenous leukemia.
      Report of five cases.
AB  - Five children with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) are described in whom
      typhlitis developed early in the course of the disease. The plain and barium
      enema radiographic findings of mass effect and bowel edema ("thumbprinting") were
      similar among the cases, although nonspecific. The increasing association of
      typhlitis with AML and its earlier appearance in the course of the disease should
      be recognized.

PMID- 6571760
TI  - Bone sarcomas in Paget disease.
AB  - The most serious complication of Paget disease is the development of sarcoma.
      Forty-one cases of bone sarcoma in Paget disease, which represented our
      institution's entire experience, were reviewed. The relative frequency of
      sarcomatous degeneration was 0.9%. Histologically, 35 of 41 lesions were
      osteogenic sarcomas, and six were fibrosarcomas. The distribution of lesions was
      similar to that expected with uncomplicated Paget disease, except for a
      disproportionately high number of lesions in the humerus; only one lesion
      involved the vertebrae. The tumors were categorized radiographically as lytic,
      mixed, and sclerotic, in descending order of frequency. The vast majority of
      lesions occurred in the pelvis, humerus, and femur. Overall prognosis for these
      patients was poor, with a five-year survival of 8%. Finding areas of cortical
      destruction is particularly useful in the detection of malignant degeneration.
      The radiologist must maintain a high index of suspicion when evaluating
      radiographs of patients with Paget disease, especially of those who present with
      pain or a palpable mass.

PMID- 6571761
TI  - Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: immediate preoperative and postoperative oxygen
      gradients identify patients requiring prolonged respiratory support.
AB  - We reviewed 22 patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernias in whom operative
      repair was undertaken within 24 hours of age, in the period between 1970 and
      1981. An improvement in survival rates since 1977 was observed. Preoperative pH,
      PO2, and alveolar-arterial O2 gradients (P[A-a]O2) were found to have predictive
      value. Patients with P(A-a)O2 greater than 500 torr both before and immediately
      after surgery did not survive. After an initial improvement in oxygenation some
      infants experienced a period of deterioration beginning at approximately 12 to 24
      hours, peaking at 36 hours and improvement by 72 hours after surgery. Special
      attention should be directed toward maintaining aggressive cardiopulmonary
      support during this critical period. Reducing support prematurely may accentuate
      right-to-left shunting via fetal channels.

PMID- 6571763
TI  - Our past could indicate our future.

PMID- 6571762
TI  - Report on independent survey taken of Austin dental offices for mercury
      contamination.

PMID- 6571764
TI  - According to Uncle Sam: job prospects in dental field are bright for the 1980's.

PMID- 6571765
TI  - Circulating micromegakaryocytes preceding leukemia in three dogs exposed to 2.5
      R/day gamma radiation.

PMID- 6571766
TI  - Comparative effects of nifedipine, verapamil, and diltiazem on experimental
      pulmonary hypertension.
AB  - The role of calcium-channel blocking agents in the treatment of pulmonary
      hypertension is not well defined. Consequently, the effects of diltiazem,
      nifedipine, and verapamil were compared in 3 groups of anesthetized dogs (n = 6
      for each group). In each group, normoxic hemodynamic variables were recorded
      before and after increasing doses of diltiazem, nifedipine, and verapamil (5 X
      10(-8) M/kg, low; 10(-7) M/kg, medium; and 10(-6) M/kg, high dose; given
      intravenously over 2 minutes). In addition, the effect of these doses on the
      pulmonary pressor responses to hypoxia (fractional inspired oxygen concentration
      [FIO2] 12%) and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) (5 micrograms/kg/min,
      intravenously for 4 minutes) was measured. During normoxia, high-dose nifedipine
      and verapamil decreased mean aortic pressure and systemic vascular resistance
      while increasing cardiac output in all dogs in both groups (p less than 0.01).
      Pulmonary vascular resistance, however, remained unchanged. High-dose diltiazem
      did not significantly alter cardiac output or pulmonary vascular resistance.
      During acute hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, verapamil decreased cardiac output
      by 30% (p less than 0.01) without appreciably altering pulmonary arterial
      pressure; thus pulmonary vascular resistance increased slightly (4.9 +/- 0.6 to
      6.4 +/- 1.0 mm Hg/liter/min, difference not significant [NS]). Nifedipine
      decreased hypoxic pulmonary vascular resistance to normoxic values (p less than
      0.01). Cardiac output increased 71% while pulmonary arterial pressure remained
      unchanged. Diltiazem administration produced no change in hypoxic pulmonary
      hemodynamic variables. The responses to diltiazem, nifedipine, and verapamil
      during acute pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by PGF2 alpha were similar to
      those induced by hypoxia. After verapamil, pulmonary vascular resistance tended
      to increase (7.3 +/- 1.3 to 8.1 +/- 1.4 mm Hg/liter/min, NS). Nifedipine,
      however, completely blocked pulmonary vasoconstriction by decreasing pulmonary
      vascular resistance to pre-PGF2 alpha levels (p less than 0.01). This was
      accompanied by a 157% increase in cardiac output and only a small increase in
      pulmonary arterial pressure (7 mm Hg). Again, diltiazem produced no change in
      pulmonary hemodynamic variables. In these acute studies, nifedipine appeared to
      be a more effective pulmonary vasodilator than verapamil or diltiazem.

PMID- 6571768
TI  - The quadrilateral analysis: an individualized skeletal assessment.
AB  - There must be a change in our approach to orthodontic diagnosis, especially in
      those cases involving skeletal dysplasias. The orthodontic practice of today
      requires a more in-depth diagnostic approach before a realistic treatment plan
      can be developed. An understanding of the problem that exists is emerging as the
      essential ingredient before appliance therapy can begin. Diagnosis should dictate
      the direction of treatment for both the orthodontist and the surgeon. A
      cephalometric analysis should be able not only to detect but to locate the area
      of the skeletal dysplasia. Surgery, if at all possible, should be performed where
      the problem exists. In many cases, it becomes rather confusing to determine
      whether or not surgical orthodontic treatment is indicated, because most of the
      cephalometric measurements that are used do not reveal whether a skeletal problem
      exists, its location, or its magnitude. We believe that current cephalometric
      analyses do not completely recognize the extent of the dysplasia or where it is
      located within the jaws. Because of this, surgery is performed by repositioning
      bones to mask the defect rather than to restore a normal balance between the
      bones of the face. The only recourse the surgeon has is to achieve an acceptable
      facial profile by relying on cephalometric norms or to make the necessary
      correction on what appears visually to be an acceptable profile. The
      quadrilateral analysis offers an individualized cephalometric diagnosis on
      patients with or without skeletal dysplasias. We believe that it is a reliable
      and accurate method of assessing whether orthodontic treatment, surgical
      treatment, or a combination of both is required to achieve a satisfactory result.

PMID- 6571767
TI  - The effect of prolactin pretreatment on prostaglandin F2 alpha-associated
      structural changes in membranes from rat corpora lutea.
AB  - The ability of prolactin treatment to antagonize the luteolytic effect of
      prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) was examined in the rat. Animals were
      superovulated, treated with PGF2 alpha and various doses of prolactin. Plasma
      progesterone concentrations were measured to assess luteal function. Microsomes
      were prepared from ovarian homogenates and examined by wide-angle x-ray
      diffraction for evidence of structural changes in the cellular membranes during
      luteolysis. In addition, the concentrations of various lipids were analyzed for
      alterations in membrane lipid composition. In preparations from control animals,
      all of the membrane lipid was in the liquid-crystalline phase at body
      temperature. However, in samples from PGF2 alpha-treated rats, portions of the
      bilayer underwent a structural alteration from liquid-crystalline to gel phase.
      This phase transition was not accompanied by significant changes in the relative
      concentrations of various lipids. Prolactin treatment was effective in inhibiting
      this membrane breakdown in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that
      PGF2 alpha and prolactin may control luteal function by affecting membrane
      structure.

PMID- 6571769
TI  - Acid resistance of enamel exposed to fluoride-containing orthodontic cements.
AB  - In a previous study enamel fluoride uptake from fluoride-containing orthodontic
      cements was evaluated after a 21-day period. The enamel fluoride uptake from a
      zinc phosphate cement (A), a zinc phosphate cement containing 5 per cent stannous
      fluoride by weight (B), and a silicophosphate cement (C) was compared. The
      results indicated that there was a net loss of fluoride from enamel beneath the
      orthodontic bands cemented with A while the enamel beneath B and C acquired
      significant amounts of fluoride. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate
      enamel fluoride uptake after 12 weeks and the effect of the fluoride uptake or
      loss by the enamel on acid resistance. Five teeth each had bands cemented with
      cements A, B and C, respectively, and were individually suspended in synthetic
      saliva for 12 weeks at 37 degrees C. Following this period the bands were
      removed, the cements were carefully cleaned off the teeth, and the crowns of the
      teeth were individually suspended in a lactic acid buffer at pH 4 for 4 weeks.
      Each tooth crown was then sectioned longitudinally and examined
      microradiographically to study the degree of enamel demineralization.
      Characteristic subsurface enamel carieslike lesions were noted on all the
      specimens studied. The carieslike lesions in the enamel exposed to the fluoride
      containing cements were considerably reduced. The enamel which had acquired
      fluoride from the fluoride-containing cements was apparently more resistant to
      artificial caries attack.

PMID- 6571770
TI  - A dental-facial attractiveness scale. Part I. Reliability and validity.
AB  - Since the decision to seek orthodontic treatment is frequently the result of
      concerns about appearance, assessment of need for treatment should include an
      impartial evaluation of dental-facial appearance. While some of the standardized
      techniques for assessing malocclusion have included a consideration of esthetic
      impairment, they tend to confound this with functional impairment. The purpose of
      this study was to develop a valid and reliable index that provides relatively
      objective judgments of dental-facial attractiveness. The subjects in this study
      were eighth- and ninth-grade children seeking orthodontic treatment and their
      siblings, and eighth- and ninth-grade children not seeking treatment and their
      siblings. Photographs of the children were rated for dental-facial attractiveness
      by lay and dental judges. Children were also assessed for severity of
      malocclusion by means of the Treatment Priority index. Children seeking treatment
      were perceived as significantly less attractive than children not seeking
      treatment. Dental judges rated children seeking treatment as more attractive than
      did nondental judges. Intraclass reliability coefficients were moderate to high.

PMID- 6571771
TI  - A dental-facial attractiveness scale. Part II. Consistency of perception.
AB  - A previous report describes the reliability and validity of a scale designed to
      assess perceptions of dental-facial attractiveness, independent of occlusal
      function. The purpose of the present study was to assess the consistency of
      judgments of dental-facial attractiveness (DFA) for sex and race differences in
      photographed children. Using a five-pont DFA scale, twelve college freshmen
      (three black females, three black males, three white females, three white males)
      rated ninety-six photographs of the mouths and jaws of 13- to 14-year-old
      children (twenty-four black females, twenty-four black males, twenty-four white
      females, twenty-four white males). No significant mean differences were found
      between the black and white photographed or between the female and male children
      photographed. However, means were significantly different for DFA judgments by
      race and sex of the raters. Black raters judged all photographs to be more
      attractive than did white raters, and female raters judged all photographs to be
      more attractive than did male raters. Correlational data are presented describing
      consistency of perception within rater groups and photographed groups of
      children.

PMID- 6571772
TI  - Open-bite--a case report (1965-1982).
AB  - Successful treatment of severe skeletal open-bite malocclusions has always
      demanded the utmost of the orthodontist. Long-term evaluation of this type of
      treatment is not often seen in the literature, for the results have often been
      disappointing. Combining the best of the surgical and orthodontic disciplines
      offers these cases an optimistic outlook for the first time. A case treated twice
      by conventional orthodontic means in 1965 and 1969 was re-treated in 1980 by a
      surgical orthodontic approach. The results are quite encouraging.

PMID- 6571774
TI  - Cephalometers.

PMID- 6571775
TI  - Telecentric photogrammetry.

PMID- 6571773
TI  - Statistical testing of an allometric centered model of craniofacial growth.
AB  - An allometric centered model of craniofacial growth was tested by several
      computer-assisted statistical methods on the pure longitudinal growth data of
      twenty-four close-bred female rats and on cross-sectional human cranial growth
      data. The study demonstrated that such a model was heuristic and, being incapable
      of exact definition, was deemed inappropriate for further use in modeling of
      craniofacial skeletal growth. The necessity for vigorous testing of any
      hypothesis concerning the modeling of craniofacial growth is stressed.

PMID- 6571776
TI  - K562 cell anion exchange differs markedly from that of mature red blood cells.
AB  - Human K562 leukemic cells exhibit several erythroid properties, including
      synthesis and expression of the major red blood cell sialoglycoprotein,
      glycophorin. This has led us to ask if these cells express a functional anion
      transport system analogous to that which is associated with the other major
      erythrocyte glycoprotein, band 3. The chloride-36 exchange flux in K562 cells is
      less than 0.6% of that which would be expected in mature erythrocytes under
      similar conditions. Unlike red blood cells, K562 cells do not exhibit a high
      chloride-sulfate selectivity, and various agents that inhibit red blood cell
      chloride exchange are all much less effective in K562 cells. On the basis of
      these flux measurements, K562 cells probably contain less than 600 fully
      functional red blood cell-like band 3 molecules per cell, in contrast to about a
      million molecules in the mature red blood cell. The possible-existence of greatly
      altered band 3 molecules with a reduced turnover rate and/or a reduced affinity
      for chloride and for various inhibitors is unlikely but cannot be completely
      excluded. Anion transport was also measured in K562 cells that had been induced
      to increase hemoglobin synthesis by various chemical agents. Even under these
      conditions, chloride fluxes indicated no substantial increase in the number of
      functional anion transport sites or their chloride transport rate.

PMID- 6571777
TI  - Albumin turnover in sarcoma-bearing rats in relation to cancer anorexia.
AB  - Hypoalbuminemia, a frequent finding in cancer patients, can be demonstrated in
      the tumor-bearing rat. In actuality, the circulating amount of albumin is
      maintained in tumor-bearing rats, although total body water and plasma volume are
      increased. The fractional degradation rate of newly synthesized albumin labelled
      by the injection of carbon-14-carbonate was significantly increased in tumor
      bearing rats (half-life 55 hours) as compared with control rats (half-life 85
      hours). These findings indicate maintained synthesis of albumin in the tumor
      bearing rats, a finding consistent with an increased ratio of specific activity
      in albumin to that in plasma urea after the injection of carbon-14-carbonate.
      Hypoalbuminemia in cancer seems to be the net result of an increased turnover
      rate of albumin and dilution of the maintained albumin mass. Despite the presence
      of cancer anorexia, the flux of substrates from the degradation of peripheral
      tissues is sufficient to supply the liver and, in turn, to enable an increased
      protein synthesis with maintenance of the synthetic rate of albumin.

PMID- 6571778
TI  - A simple flueric high frequency jet ventilator.

PMID- 6571779
TI  - Chronic myelogenous leukemia with nephrotic syndrome.
AB  - A patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia was initially seen with nephrotic
      syndrome. Minimal-change glomerulonephritis was verified by open renal biopsy,
      and the patient showed good response to treatment with a diuretic and prednisone.
      We believe this represents the first reported case of nephrotic syndrome in
      myelogenous leukemia.

PMID- 6571780
TI  - Smoldering acute granulocytic leukemia. Observations on its natural history and
      morphologic characteristics.
AB  - In this prospective study, 24 patients with smoldering acute granulocytic
      leukemia received no specific treatment. Median survival duration from diagnosis
      was 9.29 months. Fourteen patients died of infection, four died of hemorrhage,
      two (8%) progressed to aggressive acute leukemia, and three remain alive at 36,
      32, and 10 months. No survival predictions could be made from the severity of
      leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, or both. Neither sepsis nor hemorrhage, as causes
      of death, segregated into short- or long-term survivors (9.0 and 8.75 months'
      median survival, respectively). Thirteen patients (59%) had French, American, and
      British M2 subclassification of acute granulocytic leukemia. The following marrow
      findings distinguished this entity from preleukemia and other dysplastic states:
      clustering of stem cells; percentage usually between 20% and 40%; and Auer rods.
      The use of aggressive chemotherapy v only supportive measures in this condition
      remains unsolved.

PMID- 6571781
TI  - Normal platelet function after therapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - The aggregation responses of platelets from 19 patients who had completed
      treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and had remained in remission for
      two months to 4.8 years were studied both in vitro and in vivo. Responses to 0.5
      micro M adenosine diphosphate (ADP), epinephrine, and collagen were all normal.
      One child had irreversible platelet aggregation to 0.1 micro M ADP, a
      concentration that only elicited a primary aggregation response from control
      platelets. The mean platelet-aggregate ratio was normal. We conclude that
      platelet defects, although a possible late effect of ALL or its chemotherapy, do
      not occur with any appreciable frequency in long-term survivors.

PMID- 6571782
TI  - Cytogenetic analysis of leukaemic colonies from acute and chronic myelogenous
      leukaemia.
AB  - We have utilized the blast cell assay of Buick et al. (1977) to grow and
      subsequently cytogenetically analyze cultured colony forming cells (CFUs) from
      patients with acute and chronic myelogenous leukaemia (AML, CML). Cytogenetic
      analysis of CFUs was successful in 30/36 cases (83%), a success rate similar to
      direct harvesting techniques. Identical clonal chromosomal abnormalities
      demonstrated by direct techniques were also observed in CFUs from AML and CML.
      Removal of T-precursor cells by E-rosetting prior to plating did not eliminate
      growth of karyotypically normal cells. The combination of morphologic and
      cytogenetic studies performed clearly established that the assay system supports
      the growth of leukaemic progenitors. Although both karyotypically normal and
      abnormal leukaemic colonies grew in this assay, growth of leukaemic colonies was
      much more likely if the plated cells were karyotypically abnormal (P = 0.010).
      Leukaemic colony growth was also more frequent if the tritiated thymidine
      labelling index (LI%) of plated cells was greater than or equal to 5% (P =
      0.018). Leukaemic colonies were most likely (P = 0.018) to have been derived from
      plated cells with both abnormal karyotype and high LI% (greater than or equal to
      5%). Cytogenetic analyses from cultured cells revealed only those karyotypic
      features found in the uncultured cells (i.e., no additional abnormal sublines
      were found). However, in most cases, the greatly enhanced number and quality of
      mitotic figures allowed for more detailed banding analysis.

PMID- 6571783
TI  - Selective cytotoxicity against human tumour cells by a vindesine-monoclonal
      antibody conjugate.
AB  - The anti-mitotic drug vindesine was coupled chemically to a monoclonal antibody
      raised originally against the human osteogenic sarcoma cell line, 791T. The
      cytotoxicity of the conjugate in vitro was tested, in comparison with free
      vindesine, against sarcoma 791T and other antigenically cross-reactive osteogenic
      sarcoma-cell lines, and also against tumour cell lines which have no detectable
      reaction with the monoclonal antibody. Continuous exposure of cultured 791T cells
      indicated that the vindesine was partially inactivated following conjugation
      since the conjugate was less toxic than the free drug. However, antibody-binding
      activity was essentially preserved following conjugation. Despite diminished drug
      activity in the conjugate, assays designed to mimic antibody binding to tumour in
      which target cells were treated with conjugate and washed before culture, showed
      selective cytotoxicity for osteogenic sarcoma lines with little or no effect on
      non-cross reactive control cells. In comparison, free vindesine was toxic equally
      for all cell lines and free antibody was non-toxic. These studies indicate that
      conjugation of a cytotoxic agent to a monoclonal antibody can confer on that
      agent selectivity for a particular target cell type which is recognised by the
      antibody.

PMID- 6571784
TI  - Do metastases arise from pre-existing subpopulations of cancer cells?
AB  - The hypothesis that metastases arise from pre-existing metastatic sub-populations
      of cancer cells with heritable metastasis-related characteristics, was tested by
      comparing the metastatic behaviour of cancer cells derived from pulmonary
      metastases with those from corresponding primary tumours, after implanting them
      subcutaneously in mice. In the case of KHT osteosarcomas and B16 melanomas,
      injected minces of metastases gave rise to more pulmonary metastases than cells
      derived from minces of the primary cancers generating them. However, in the case
      of 3LL and T241 cancers, the primary tumour minces gave rise to more pulmonary
      metastases than those derived from minced metastases. It is therefore concluded
      that the subpopulation hypothesis cannot be accepted as a general rule. When
      fragments of solid tumours were implanted into animals, no differences were
      detected between the metastatic behaviour of implants taken randomly from
      pulmonary metastases and the volume/age matched primary tumours generating them.
      These experiments thus provide no support for the hypothesis that metastases
      arise exclusively or predominantly from pre-existing metastatic subpopulations of
      cancer cells. Finally, implants of matched fragments from 3LL tumours of
      different volume and age, essentially produced no statistically significant
      differences in numbers of metastases. These observations do not therefore support
      the concept of a progressive evolution of subpopulations of cancer cells with
      heritable metastatic phenotypes during tumour growth.

PMID- 6571785
TI  - Skin infiltration associated with chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia.
AB  - Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) is typically associated with a prolonged
      clinical course and is not usually very responsive to chemotherapeutic
      intervention. Skin infiltration has not been recognized previously as a feature
      of this illness. We have seen four patients recently with CMML, who during the
      the course of their illness developed marked skin infiltration. Whilst
      sensitivity to chemotherapy could be demonstrated in the peripheral blood cell
      population, skin infiltration was quite resistant to treatment. Skin infiltration
      heralded a more aggressive phase of the disease although no discernible change in
      morphology, cytochemistry or membrane marker analysis of the leukaemic cell
      population could be demonstrated in three of the patients studied; one patient,
      however, transformed to an acute leukaemia shortly thereafter.

PMID- 6571786
TI  - Differential excretion of modified nucleosides in adult acute leukemia.
AB  - Excretion of modified nucleosides in urine was measured in 23 adults with acute
      leukemia to determine correlation of nucleoside excretion with disease activity.
      In addition, differences in excretion between patients with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia (ALL) and patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were established.
      Six modified nucleosides were resolved and quantitated by reversed-phase high
      performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Patients with ALL at initial diagnosis
      or in relapse had significantly higher concentrations of 1-methylinosine and
      N2,N2-dimethylguanosine in their urine compared to patients in remission (p less
      than 0.01, p less than 0.05, respectively). One patient with ALL was followed
      with serial nucleoside determinations over a period of 18 mo; nucleoside
      excretion correlated closely with disease activity. Nucleoside excretion in
      patients with AML did not change significantly with disease activity. Considering
      only those patients at initial diagnosis or in relapse, excretion of 1
      methylinosine and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine was significantly higher in ALL than in
      AML (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.05, respectively). Thus, urinary excretion
      of 1-methylinosine and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine by adults with acute leukemia may
      prove to be valuable clinically in following disease activity in patients with
      ALL and in distinguishing patients with ALL from those with AML.

PMID- 6571787
TI  - Efficacy and morbidity of central nervous system "prophylaxis" in childhood acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia: eight years' experience with cranial irradiation and
      intrathecal methotrexate.
AB  - Between 1972 and 1979, 214 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and no
      evidence of central nervous system (CNS) disease prior to CNS prophylaxis were
      treated with 2400 rad cranial irradiation and concurrent intrathecal
      methotrexate. Only nine children developed CNS leukemia; five of them in the CNS
      only and four concurrently in the CNS and another site. Major acute effects of
      CNS prophylaxis were seizures in seven patients (3%). Sixty-nine children who had
      a minimum follow-up of 4 yr were evaluable for late effects of therapy. Small
      cataracts, incomplete regrowth of hair, and learning disabilities were noted. The
      latter occurred in 18% of patients, an incidence similar to that encountered in a
      normal community of school-age children. However, the incidence of learning
      disabilities in patients who were under 5 yr of age at the time of diagnosis was
      much higher, 35%. We conclude that the combination of cranial irradiation and
      intrathecal methotrexate was highly efficacious. The incidence and severity of
      neuropsychologic abnormalities, the principal late morbidity of this treatment
      program, varies among reporting institutions. Prospective longitudinal studies of
      neuropsychologic function are necessary to better define the incidence of
      abnormalities. Future programs should attempt to decrease late morbidity, but
      must also assure equal efficacy and improve overall disease-free survival.

PMID- 6571789
TI  - Influences of clotting factors (thrombin, factor XIII) and of fibronectin on the
      growth of tumor cells and leukemic cells in vitro.
AB  - Thrombin, factor XIII and fibronectin were incubated with cultures of mouse
      sarcoma cells, human cervix carcinoma cells (HeLa cells) and cells of an acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia. Thrombin induced a significant increase of 3H-thymidine
      uptake into cells with a 1,5- to 2-fold increase of cell count. The cells of an
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia showed a similar response to the influence of
      thrombin. Factor XIII in tumor cells merely induced an increase of 3H-thymidine
      uptake, the cell count remained constant. The cells of an acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia showed under the influence of factor XIII a significant increase of cell
      count and thymidine uptake. HeLa cell growth was optimal at low fibronectin
      concentrations. Fibronectin concentrations of 1 mg/ml to 3 mg/ml inhibited HeLa
      and mouse sarcoma cell growth.

PMID- 6571788
TI  - Idiopathic refractory sideroachrestic anemia (IRSA) progressing to acute mixed
      lymphoblastic-myelomonoblastic leukemia. Case report and review of the
      literature.
AB  - A longitudinal observation of a patient with idiopathic refractory
      sideroachrestic anemia (IRSA) progressing to acute mixed lymphoblastic
      myelomonoblastic leukemia is reported. The leukemia was characterized by
      morphology, immunological cell markers, and dissociated clinical responsiveness
      to vincristine/prednisone and arabinosylcytosine/6-thioguanine. Attention is paid
      to the hematological changes prior to leukemia development. Acute leukemia was
      best heralded in this patient by a severe deterioration of dyserythropoiesis and
      by an increase of blasts in the marrow to more than 5%. The observed preleukemic
      features are compared to those described in the literature.

PMID- 6571790
TI  - Raising employees salaries: a dentist's dilemma.

PMID- 6571791
TI  - Modern chairside liners do more than improve the fit of dentures.

PMID- 6571792
TI  - Extensive pulmonary infiltration by leukemic blast cells treated with
      irradiation.

PMID- 6571793
TI  - Chronic myelogenous leukemia. Prolonged survival with spontaneous decline in the
      frequency of Ph1-positive cells and subsequent development of mixed Ph1-positive
      and Ph1-negative blast crisis.
AB  - A 23-year-old man developed Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia in 1966.
      After two short courses of busulfan not associated with severe myelosuppression,
      the frequency of Ph1-positive metaphases in his bone marrow was 40%. Over the
      next eight years, he remained hematologically stable without further therapy.
      During that time there was a progressive decline in the frequency of Ph1-positive
      metaphases in his bone marrow to 3% by 1976. His disease subsequently transformed
      to an acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytogenetic studies of the marrow at the
      onset of blast crisis and of cultured marrow blast cells suggested that the
      blasts were a mixture of Ph1-positive and Ph1-negative cells. This patient was
      thus unique in that he demonstrated spontaneous decline in the frequency of Ph1
      positive cells in his bone marrow and he developed blast crisis with an apparent
      mixture of Ph1-positive and Ph1-negative blasts. These findings demonstrate that
      a Ph1-positive cell clone may lose its proliferative advantage over Ph1-negative
      cells and raise the possibility that Ph1-negative cells persisting in patients
      with Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia may be abnormal and, like the Ph1
      positive cells, may be susceptible to acute leukemic transformation.

PMID- 6571794
TI  - Effect of polar organic compounds on leukemic cells. Butyrate-induced partial
      remission of acute myelogenous leukemia in a child.
AB  - Polar organic compounds, such as dimethylsulfoxide and butyric acid, are known to
      induce differentiation in Friend erythroleukemia cells as well as in other cell
      types. It has been found that many of the compounds that induce cellular
      differentiation, inhibit 3H-thymidine incorporation and induce cell damage when
      incubated with leukemic cells from patients with acute or chronic myelogenous or
      acute lymphocytic leukemia. These effects are time and dose dependent. Among the
      compounds tested, butyrate was the most potent. Parenteral administration of
      butyrate (500 mg/kg/day) for ten days to a child with acute myelogenous leukemia
      in relapse, and resistant to conventional therapy, resulted in elimination of
      myeloblasts from the peripheral blood, an increase in mature myeloid cells and a
      reduction in 3H-thymidine uptake by the patient's peripheral blood cells. Bone
      marrow myeloblasts were reduced from 70-80% to 20% following the course of
      intravenous butyrate. No impairment of liver or renal function and no coagulation
      abnormalities were observed during butyrate treatment. Organic agents that induce
      cell differentiation may provide additional reagents for the clinical management
      of selected cases of leukemia.

PMID- 6571795
TI  - Use of a human tumor cloning system to screen retinoids for antineoplastic
      activity.
AB  - Retinoid analogs are being actively evaluated as antitumor agents in man. A human
      tumor cloning system was used to assess the antineoplastic activity of all-trans
      retinoic acid, all-trans-retinol and 13-cis-retinoic acid. The effect of
      retinoids on the formation of tumor colony forming units (T-CFU) was surveyed for
      67 different human tumors. These analogs showed minor activity in a variety of
      neoplasms. The decrease in T-CFU varied between histologic tumor types and
      between tumor of the same type. No significant difference between retinoid
      analogs was noted.

PMID- 6571796
TI  - Osteosarcoma: intra-arterial treatment of the primary tumor with cis-diammine
      dichloroplatinum II (CDP). Angiographic, pathologic, and pharmacologic studies.
AB  - Intra-arterial CDP was utilized to treat the primary tumor in 11 pediatric
      patients with osteosarcoma and in one with malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The
      investigation commenced with a phase I-II pilot study in four osteosarcoma
      patients. A dose of 150 mg/m2 was found to be safe and effective in producing a
      clinical response. This was followed by a definitive study in the remaining seven
      osteosarcoma patients and in the one malignant fibrous histiocytoma patient. The
      results were assessed by specific clinical, pharmacologic, radiographic and
      pathologic criteria. The overall response in the definitive study was 50% with
      two patients exhibiting total tumor destruction. The success of intra-arterial
      CDP was attributed to its ability to achieve high local drug concentration and
      tumor penetration. This was demonstrated by pharmacologic studies.

PMID- 6571797
TI  - Vincristine neurotoxicity with residual equinocavus deformity in children with
      acute leukemia.
AB  - Vincristine has been demonstrated to be a neurotoxic agent with distal axonal
      degeneration progressing proximally. Five children with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia developed bilateral peroneal nerve palsies with equinocavus deformities.
      Three developed fixed contractures requiring surgical correction. One patient was
      braced prior to development of fixed deformity and the other had physical therapy
      preventing fixed deformities and did not require surgery. All of the children
      obtained complete return of peroneal nerve function. Proper bracing and/or
      physical therapy at the time of diagnosis of neurologic deficit will prevent
      fixed contractures and the necessity for surgery.

PMID- 6571798
TI  - Acute cerebellar dysfunction with high-dose ARA-C therapy.
AB  - The authors report a patient with clinical and morphologic evidence of acute
      cerebellar toxicity after receiving high-dose cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C) (3000
      mg/m2/12 hours) for refractory AML. Damage of Purkinje cells and dentate nucleus
      was demonstrated. Reversible cerebellar toxicity has previously been noted in
      patients on an identical regimen. Signs of cerebellar dysfunction mandate
      immediate cessation of high-dose ARA-C therapy.

PMID- 6571799
TI  - Ocular toxicity from high-dose cytosine arabinoside.
AB  - A patient with refractory acute myelogenous leukemia was treated with high-dose
      cytosine arabinoside (3.0 g/m2 every 12 hours). Following ten doses over five
      days the patient developed excessive tearing, photophobia, burning ocular pain,
      and blurred vision. Ophthalmologic examination revealed conjunctival injection,
      central punctate corneal opacities with subepithelial granular deposits, and
      decreased visual acuity. Symptoms gradually resolved over the following four
      days; however, impaired visual acuity persisted for two weeks and corneal
      opacification did not disappear until four weeks following therapy. Prior and
      subsequent administration of cytosine arabinoside according to the same dose
      schedule for only four doses over two days and eight doses over four days were
      well tolerated and did not produce ocular toxicity. It is suggested that ocular
      toxicity results from inhibition of corneal epithelial DNA synthesis and is
      related to both drug dosage and duration of drug exposure. Strategies should be
      explored to eliminate this treatment-limiting adverse effect of potentially
      effective therapy.

PMID- 6571800
TI  - Antithrombin III and anti-activated factor X activity in patients with acute
      promyelocytic leukemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation treated with
      heparin.
AB  - Two patients diagnosed as having acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and
      disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were closely followed from the day
      of admission until completion of the first course of chemotherapy with serial
      coagulation studies including plasma levels of functional antithrombin III
      activity (AT III) by fluorometric analysis and anti-activated Factor X activity
      (anti-Xa) by coagulation assay. Both patients were treated with intravenous
      heparin and the presence of heparin in plasma was followed by the thrombin time.
      Consistently normal levels of AT III (greater than 80%) were found despite
      evidence of intravascular coagulation. However, plasma levels of anti-Xa were
      often low (less than 70%) and increased only in the presence of heparin. The
      significance of these results in relationship to heparin therapy for disseminated
      intravascular coagulation of APL is discussed.

PMID- 6571801
TI  - Extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma. A review of 48 patients.
AB  - The clinical records and histologic material of 48 patients with extraosseous
      osteogenic sarcoma were reviewed. Most patients developed their tumors in the
      fifth or sixth decades of life. Five patients (10%) developed neoplasms in an
      area of prior radiation therapy, a median of 15 years after their exposure. Six
      patients (13%) related a history of trauma to the area where their extraosseous
      osteogenic sarcoma developed. The course of most patients was that of multiple
      local recurrences (69%) followed by pulmonary metastases (80%) and death (76%).
      Amputation or wide resection followed by irradiation appeared to be the most
      effective types of therapy, with median survivals greater than 60 months for
      patients receiving these treatments, compared to 28 months for patients initially
      treated with resection alone. Chemotherapy was not effective for patients with
      advanced disease; however, adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery may have been of
      value. Four of five patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery are
      alive and disease-free; the only two survivors after development of pulmonary
      metastases received adjuvant chemotherapy after surgical resection of visible
      pulmonary metastases.

PMID- 6571802
TI  - Fibronectin concentration in plasma of patients with breast cancer, colon cancer,
      and acute leukemia.
AB  - Plasma fibronectin was measured in patients with breast cancer, colon cancer, and
      acute leukemia. In the patients with solid tumors, mean levels were significantly
      elevated above the mean level of age- and sex-matched normals whether the disease
      was thought to be metastatic or not (P less than 0.001). It did not make a
      difference whether the determinations were done prior to or during chemotherapy.
      Fibronectin was measured serially in eight hospitalized patients with leukemia
      during intensive induction chemotherapy. Normal concentrations were found prior
      to therapy. However, fibronectin concentration fell on the day following
      chemotherapy in nine of 12 episodes (P less than 0.05), and during sepsis in 13
      of 13 episodes (P less than 0.001). Thus, the concentration was influenced by at
      least two factors: recent chemotherapy and sepsis. Because fibronectin
      concentration is sensitive to clinical events other than the status of the
      malignancy, it seems unsuitable as a tumor marker, at least as a single isolated
      measurement.

PMID- 6571803
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the human enamel surface layer of incipient
      carious lesions.

PMID- 6571804
TI  - A microanalytical procedure for the determination of calcium, phosphate and
      fluoride in enamel biopsy samples.

PMID- 6571805
TI  - Fluoride-exchanging resins for caries protection.

PMID- 6571806
TI  - Enamel fluoride uptake, distribution and retention from topical fluoride agents.

PMID- 6571807
TI  - Effect of packing density and polysaccharide to protein ratio of plaque samples
      cultured in vitro upon their permeability.

PMID- 6571808
TI  - Isolation and characterization of intracellular polysaccharide from Actinomyces
      viscosus.

PMID- 6571809
TI  - Effect of dental plaque on fluoride uptake by enamel from a sodium fluoride
      varnish in vivo.

PMID- 6571810
TI  - Effect of 4 days consumption of chewing gum containing sorbitol or a mixture of
      sorbitol and xylitol on dental plaque and saliva.

PMID- 6571812
TI  - Comparability of the biochemical composition of dental plaque samples collected
      from 14- to 15-year-old males using plastic and metal instruments.

PMID- 6571811
TI  - Preeruptive acquisition of fluoride by surface enamel of permanent teeth after
      daily use of F supplements.

PMID- 6571813
TI  - What's new in preventive dentistry?

PMID- 6571814
TI  - California's dental disease prevention program: your involvement counts!

PMID- 6571815
TI  - Smile in style! A close-up view of the dental disease prevention program at the
      local level.

PMID- 6571816
TI  - Nutrition, diet and preventive dentistry.

PMID- 6571817
TI  - Winning a campaign for fluoridation.

PMID- 6571818
TI  - Origin of the marrow cells in bones induced by implantation of osteosarcoma
      derived bone-inducing factor in mice.
AB  - Bone marrow cells (10(7)) of beige mice were injected into 800-rad-irradiated
      normal (C57BL/6 - +/+ or -bgJ/+) mice. After establishment of chimerism, bone
      formation including bone marrow was induced by implantation of the bone-inducing
      substances extracted from the murine osteosarcoma. The origin of marrow cells was
      investigated by observing giant granules of beige (C57BL/6-bgJ/bgJ, Chediak
      Higashi syndrome) mice, as a marker for the origin of the cells. The marrow cells
      in the induced bones were of the beige type. These results indicate that the
      induced bone marrow cells are not the progeny of undifferentiated mesenchymal
      cells in situ, but that of hemopoietic stem cells circulating in the peripheral
      blood.

PMID- 6571819
TI  - Effects of myeloid leukaemic blast cell extract on sodium transport in human
      erythrocytes.
AB  - 1. Previous studies have shown that leukaemic plasma inhibits sodium efflux from
      erythrocytes. In this study the effect of an extract of myeloid leukaemic blast
      cells on sodium efflux was investigated. 2. Blast cell extract decreased the
      sodium efflux rate constant in erythrocytes from 0.395 +/- sem 0.028 to 0.310 +/-
      0.018 (P less than 0.02), whereas a leucocyte extract had no significant effect.
      3. The extract had an inhibitory effect after heating at 80 degrees C for 30 min,
      and in the presence of ouabain and frusemide alone or in combination. 4. These
      studies suggest that myeloid leukaemic blast cells contain a heat stable factor
      which inhibits the efflux of sodium at least in part through a pathway which is
      not inhibited by ouabain or frusemide.

PMID- 6571820
TI  - A collagenolytic response to parathormone, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol D3, and
      prostaglandin E2 in bone of osteopetrotic (mi/mi) mice.
AB  - Stimulators of bone resorption, such as PTH, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25
      (OH)2D3], or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), do not cause calcium release from cultured
      calvaria of the genetically determined osteopetrotic microphthalmic (mi/ mi)
      mouse, due to a defect in the function of osteoclasts. To investigate the
      capacity of cells of mi/mi bone to degrade collagen, calvaria of 1- to 3-day-old
      normal and mi/mi littermates were labeled in vivo with [3H]proline 16 h before
      removal, followed by culture in resorption medium. PTH, 1,25-(OH)2D3, and PGE2
      stimulated the release of 3H-labeled material into the culture medium from both
      normal and mi/mi calvaria. The labeled substance released was of collagenous
      origin, as indicated by its content of hydroxyproline and susceptibility to
      collagenase. PTH also stimulated the release of 3H-labeled materials from normal
      calvaria labeled in vivo 112 h before the mice were killed, but had little or no
      effect on 3H release from the mi/mi bone, indicating that only noncalcified
      collagen is susceptible to hormone-stimulated degradation in osteopetrotic bone.
      We conclude that a portion of the hormone-stimulated resorptive mechanism, namely
      collagenolysis, is functional in bone of mi/mi mice. This result helps to
      pinpoint the resorptive defect in mi/ mi bone to a failure to dissolve mineral,
      rather than a more general phenomenon of failure to remove both mineral and
      matrix.

PMID- 6571821
TI  - CL 115,347 (DHV-PGE2 ME): a new orally and topically active prostaglandin
      antihypertensive agent.
AB  - CL 115,347 orally (0.25-10 mg/kg) and topically (0.03 and 0.1 mg/kg) lowered
      blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner in conscious spontaneously hypertensive
      rats (SHR). Duration of action of the oral dose range was from 1 to more than 8 h
      and of the topical dose range, from more than 6 to more than 24 h. CL 115,347 was
      100-200 times more potent orally and greater than 250 times more potent topically
      than l-prostaglandin (PG) E2. When 3 mg/kg was administered orally, CL 115,347
      was also active in Dahl "S" salt-sensitive hypertensive rats, deoxycorticosterone
      acetate-salt hypertensive rats, aorta-coarcted renin-dependent hypertensive rats,
      normotensive rats, bilaterally nephrectomized SHR, and bilaterally ureteral
      ligated SHR. CL 115,347 was also orally active at 0.1 mg/kg in normotensive
      rhesus monkeys and in renal hypertensive dogs at 1 mg/kg. CL 115,347 was as
      active as l-PGE2 in relaxing the rabbit ear arterial smooth muscle in vitro. In
      anesthetized dogs, CL 115,347 injected intra-arterially (0.5-10 micrograms) into
      the vascular bed being studied increased blood flow to femoral, carotid,
      coronary, superior mesenteric, and renal vascular beds. CL 115,347 decreased
      vasopressor responses induced by electrical stimulation of the spinal cord at T7
      T9 but did not decrease the tachycardia induced by stimulation of the
      cardioaccelerator segments (C7-T1) in pithed SHR. CL 115,347 has a broad spectrum
      of antihypertensive activity in various animal models and probably exerts its
      major antihypertensive effects through relaxation of blood vessels.

PMID- 6571822
TI  - Hire office staff--successfully.

PMID- 6571823
TI  - How to profit when relocating your practice.

PMID- 6571824
TI  - How to manage difficult patients.

PMID- 6571825
TI  - Practice management guidelines for the new dentist. A DM interview with Carl. M.
      Caplan, DDS, MBA.

PMID- 6571827
TI  - Are you paying your employees fairly?

PMID- 6571826
TI  - Dollars, sense and certification. Interview by Paul C. Gerber.

PMID- 6571828
TI  - Fluoride as the possible cytotoxic component of Silicap. 1. Fluoride release.

PMID- 6571829
TI  - Fluoride as the possible cytotoxic component of Silicap. 2. Effect on cellular
      enzymes in different cell types.

PMID- 6571830
TI  - The pulpal effects of medicaments containing formaldehyde following pulpotomy in
      monkeys.

PMID- 6571831
TI  - The palato-gingival groove and pulpitis: a case report.

PMID- 6571832
TI  - Genetic transformation of obligately chemolithotrophic thiobacilli.
AB  - Genetic transformation of Thiobacaillus thioparus auxotrophs to prototrophy was
      obtained at frequencies of up to 10(-2) when proliferating cell populations were
      exposed to chromosomal DNA from a nutritionally independent strain of the same
      bacterium. The rate at which transformation occurred depended on recipient growth
      rate and could be drastically reduced by depriving otherwise competent cells of
      either nitrogen or exogenous energy substrate. Interspecies marker transfer was
      also shown among several obligately chemolithotrophic members of the genus.

PMID- 6571833
TI  - Biological and psychological aspects of a case of Gilles de la Tourette's
      syndrome.
AB  - The case of a 12-year-old girl with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome is
      presented, and the following factors are discussed: psychological aspects,
      urinary excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol (MHPG) and
      unconjugated amines, and CT scan findings. The most noticeable differences from
      normal controls seen in the urine studies were elevated levels of beta
      phenylethylamine and the catecholamine metabolites normetanephrine, MHPG, and 3
      methoxytyramine, and a decrease in 5-hydroxytryptamine. A CT scan revealed a
      slight increase in density in the caudate nuclei bilaterally; this was thought to
      be due to calcification.

PMID- 6571834
TI  - Identification and characterization of cellular targets for tyrosine protein
      kinases.
AB  - Protein kinases associated with the transforming proteins of a number of
      retroviruses are specific for tyrosine. Several proteins in cells transformed by
      these viruses are phosphorylated at tyrosine. We have now identified three
      unrelated abundant nonphosphorylated cellular proteins of 46,000, 39,000 and
      28,000 daltons in chick embryo cells, which are the unphosphorylated forms of
      phosphotyrosine-containing proteins and thus are substrates for tyrosine protein
      kinases. By two-dimensional gel analysis, we have found that the 46,000-dalton
      protein exists in two unphosphorylated forms of which the more acidic is a minor
      species. This latter form is phosphorylated, chiefly at serine, in both normal
      and transformed cells, generating a yet more acidic species. In transformed but
      not normal cells, the major form is phosphorylated at tyrosine and serine,
      yielding a fourth isoelectric variant. The 46,000-dalton unphosphorylated protein
      has been partially purified, and antiserum to it recognizes all four isoelectric
      variants of the protein. The 39,000-dalton protein has two unphosphorylated forms
      of which the more acidic is a minor species. The major form is phosphorylated at
      tyrosine and serine in transformed cells only. The 39,000-dalton unphosphorylated
      protein has been partially purified, and antiserum raised to it recognizes all
      three isoelectric variants. The 28,000-dalton protein has a single phosphorylated
      form which contains serine in normal cells, but both serine and tyrosine in
      transformed cells.

PMID- 6571835
TI  - Reversal of thrombin-induced myosin phosphorylation and the assembly of
      cytoskeletal structures in platelets by the adenylate cyclase stimulants
      prostaglandin D2 and forskolin.
AB  - Stimulation of platelets by thrombin causes an increase in the amount of
      cytoskeleton proteins insoluble in 1% Triton X-100, i.e. myosin, actin, actin
      binding protein, an alpha-actinin-like protein of Mr = 105,000, unidentified
      polypeptides of Mr = 150,000, 31,00, and under some conditions, 56,000.
      Concurrently the Mr = 20,000 light chains of myosin and a cytoplasmic Mr = 42,000
      polypeptide are phosphorylated, presumably by calmodulin-Ca2+-dependent myosin
      light chain kinase and a phospholipid-Ca2+-dependent kinase, respectively. The
      adenylate cyclase stimulators prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and forskolin increased
      platelet cyclic AMP and prevented the phosphorylation of these polypeptides and
      the increase in Triton-insoluble cytoskeleton proteins. When added to platelets
      after stimulation by thrombin they caused rapid complete reversal of myosin light
      chain and Mr = 42,000 polypeptide phosphorylation; simultaneously the association
      of myosin with the cytoskeleton proteins and the increase in the content of each
      of the Triton-insoluble cytoskeleton proteins (except the Mr = 56,000
      polypeptide) was reversed. The amount of Triton-insoluble myosin was affected
      more readily by PGD2 or forskolin than were the other proteins. Increasing
      thrombin from 0.1 to 1.0 unit/ml inhibited all the responses to PGD2 and
      forskolin possibly due to concentration-dependent effects of thrombin that
      inhibit adenylate cyclase. These results suggest that cytoskeleton assembly and
      activation of the contractile apparatus in intact platelets are readily
      reversible by cyclic AMP-dependent reactions.

PMID- 6571836
TI  - Oligomeric structure and catalytic activity of G type casein kinase. Isolation of
      the two subunits and renaturation experiments.
AB  - Casein kinase G purified from bovine tissue is an oligomeric cyclic nucleotide
      independent protein kinase made of two different monomers, namely an alpha (Mr =
      38 kilodaltons) and a self-phosphorylatable beta (Mr = 27 kilodaltons) subunit.
      Treatment of the native enzyme under denaturing conditions (0.5 M NaCl, 4 M LiCl,
      and 20 to 35% formamide) resulted in a progressive selective removal of the beta
      subunit following gel filtration and a correlated loss of activity of the
      corresponding renatured enzyme. Mild digestion with papain resulted in a
      proteolytic alteration limited to the beta monomer with a concomitant partial
      loss of the enzyme activity. Isolation of the alpha and beta casein kinase G
      subunits was achieved by preparative reversed polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
      in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Renaturation of the proteins following
      sodium dodecyl sulfate removal by acetone and/or Triton X-100 treatment allowed
      reconstitution of a functional casein kinase G. Whereas the isolated alpha
      subunit was found to exhibit a weak catalytic activity, addition of the beta
      subunit was required for recovery of a maximal casein kinase activity. The
      process was dose-dependent and reached a plateau for an alpha:beta subunit molar
      ratio of approximately 1 to 1. These data suggest that while the casein kinase G
      alpha subunit bears the catalytic site, stoichiometric combination with the beta
      subunit is required for optimal enzymatic activity. A possible role of the beta
      subunit as a regulatory component of casein kinase G activity in the intact cell
      remains to be examined.

PMID- 6571837
TI  - Human placental 17 beta-estradiol dehydrogenase and 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase. Studies with 6 beta-bromoacetoxyprogesterone.
AB  - Two soluble enzyme activities, 17 beta-estradiol dehydrogenase and 20 alpha
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, copurified from the cytosol fraction of human term
      placenta, were identically inactivated by 6 beta-bromoacetoxyprogesterone. This
      affinity alkylating steroid binds at the enzyme-active site (Km = 866 microM;
      Vmax = 0.073 mumol/min/mg). Enzyme inactivation by four concentrations of 6 beta
      bromoacetoxyprogesterone (molar ratio of steroid to enzyme, 71/1 to 287/1) causes
      irreversible and time-dependent loss of both the 17 beta- and 20 alpha-activities
      according to first order kinetics and affirms that the alkylating steroid is an
      active site-directed inhibitor (KI = 2.7 X 10(-3) M; k3 = 1.6 X 10(-3) s-1).
      Affinity radioalkylation studies using 6 beta-[2'-14C]bromoacetoxyprogesterone
      indicate that 2 mol of steroid are bound to each mole of inactivated enzyme dimer
      (Mr = 68,000). Amino acid analyses of the acid hydrolysate of radioalkylated
      enzyme show that 6 beta-bromoacetoxyprogesterone carboxymethylates cysteine
      (56%), histidine (22%), and lysine (8%) residues in the active site. These
      results are identical with those reported for 2-bromo[2'-14C]acetamidoestrone
      methyl ether radioalkylation of purified "17 beta-estradiol dehydrogenase." The
      parallel inactivation of 17 beta-estradiol dehydrogenase and 20 alpha
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase by 6 beta-bromoacetoxyprogesterone further shows
      that both activities reside at a single enzyme-active site. The radioalkylation
      profile supports our proposed model of one enzyme-active site wherein the bound
      progestin and estrogen substrates are inverted, one relative to the other.

PMID- 6571838
TI  - Proteolytic interconversion of electrophoretic variants of the enzyme rhodanese.
AB  - It has been confirmed that the enzyme rhodanese, although a homogeneous single
      polypeptide chain protein by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis, is separable by electrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions
      into four species which differ in net surface charge (I-IV in the order of
      increasing positive charge). Limited proteolysis can interconvert these species.
      Chymotrypsin converts IV and III to II and forms a small amount of I.
      Carboxypeptidase B converts IV to III. The total protein among the species
      remains constant, and two-dimensional gels show that the change induced is below
      the resolution of the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel system. The
      suggestion that the products can be produced in the order IV, III, and II is
      supported by the results of sequential treatment of rhodanese first with
      carboxypeptidase B and then with chymotrypsin. It is concluded that there are
      covalent differences among the rhodanese species identified to date and an
      interconversion of forms can be triggered by proteolysis at the COOH-terminal end
      of the Mr = 33,000 single polypeptide chain which comprises the enzyme. This
      conclusion is strengthened by the close similarity between the amino acid
      composition of the peptide released by chymotrypsin and the composition expected
      on the basis of the known sequence. Furthermore, it appears that form IV is the
      primary in vivo product and the other species arise from it.

PMID- 6571839
TI  - Effects of relaxin on rat uterine myosin light chain kinase activity and myosin
      light chain phosphorylation.
AB  - Isometrically suspended uteri from estrogen-primed rats were stimulated with
      prostaglandin F2 alpha and then exposed to relaxin. Relaxin-dependent decreases
      in the ratio of phosphorylated to total myosin light chains (MLC) and in MLC
      kinase activity, measured in the presence of 0.5 mg/ml of uterine myosin and the
      absence and presence of Ca2+-calmodulin (CaM), were observed. The time-course and
      concentration-response of these biochemical effects of relaxin paralleled the
      hormone-induced inhibition of uterine contractile activity. Relaxin treatment
      resulted in a change in the requirements of MLC kinase for Ca2+, CaM, and myosin.
      Titrations of MLC kinase activity showed a shift in K50 values for Ca2+ from 82
      to 260 nM and for CaM from 2.2 to 25 nM in extracts from control and relaxin
      treated tissues, respectively. The myosin Km values of MLC kinase from control
      and relaxin-treated tissues were 0.33 and 0.71 mg/ml, respectively. Under optimal
      assay conditions (100 microM Ca2+, 1 microM CaM, and 1.2 mg/ml of myosin) the
      activities of MLC kinase in both extracts were identical, regardless of hormone
      concentration or exposure time. These data suggest that relaxin-treatment results
      in a change in the affinity of MLC kinase for its substrate and modulator and
      that relaxin inhibits uterine contractile activity by a mechanism which involves
      a decrease in MLC kinase activity and, in turn, a decrease in phosphorylation of
      the 20,000-dalton light chains of myosin.

PMID- 6571840
TI  - Folate utilization in Friend erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - In order to study the generation, factors controlling endogenous folate pools,
      and their functional importance, Friend erythroleukemia cells were grown in media
      containing 100; 1,000; and 10,000 ng/ml of tritiated pteroylglutamic acid
      (3H)PteGlu1 and then studied in unlabeled media with varying amounts of PteGlu1.
      The intracellular folate pool was directly proportional to the PteGlu1 in which
      the cells were incubated. At equilibrium, greater than 95% of the labeled
      intracellular folate pool chromatographed as polyglutamyl folate, regardless of
      the exogenous folate concentration. The functional importance of the
      intracellular folate pool was studied by varying the endogenous pool and the
      exogenous (media) supply. The ability of the cells to replicate in the absence of
      exogenous folate was directly proportional to the intracellular polyglutamyl
      folate pool. The maximal rate of replication, however, required exogenous PteGlu1
      in addition. The cell doubling time was the most important determinant of
      intracellular folate turnover; changes in the intracellular pool size and the
      extracellular folate concentration had no effect on the turnover time. In a
      rapidly proliferating tissue, the onset of functional folate deficiency will be
      determined by dilution of intracellular polyglutamates among progeny until a
      critical level is reached.

PMID- 6571841
TI  - Lingual orthodontics: a status report. Part 4: Diagnosis and treatment planning.

PMID- 6571843
TI  - Orthodontic office design. On-deck area.

PMID- 6571842
TI  - JCO/interviews Dr. H.P. Bimler on functional appliances.

PMID- 6571845
TI  - Wraparound retainer.

PMID- 6571844
TI  - A safe, effective germicide-deodorizer for removable appliances.

PMID- 6571846
TI  - Abstracts of papers: annual session - American Association for Dental Research,
      March 17-20, 1983.

PMID- 6571847
TI  - Molecular composition of the protein matrix of developing human dental enamel.
AB  - The protein matrix of fetal human dental enamel was isolated and fractionated by
      chromatographic and electrophoretic procedures. Nine principal protein fractions
      were isolated and characterized. Possible inter-relationships of these proteins
      and their comparison with data from other species were examined. Significant
      differences between human proteins and those described for cow or pig enamel were
      identified.

PMID- 6571848
TI  - Weddellite in submandibular gland calculus.
AB  - Scanning electron microscopy of a submandibular sialolith showed octahedral and
      dipyramidal crystals located at the surface layer of cortex. The crystal habits
      observed were consistent with those of a tetragonal crystal system. X-ray
      microdiffraction revealed the presence of weddellite. The origin of weddellite
      within the calculus remains to be determined.

PMID- 6571849
TI  - Association of lipids with proteins and glycoproteins in human saliva.
AB  - The distribution of lipids in the fractions of parotid and submandibular saliva
      following Bio-Gel A-50 column chromatography was measured. Over 50% of the total
      lipids of submandibular saliva was found in the fraction which contained mainly
      the high-molecular-weight glycoprotein. This fraction also contained most of the
      glycolipids, free fatty acids, phospholipids, and cholesterol. In the parotid
      saliva, the fraction containing the basic glycoprotein (the major glycoprotein
      fraction of parotid saliva) contained 35% of the total saliva lipids and was
      enriched in phospholipids ana cholesterol esters.

PMID- 6571850
TI  - Initial dimensional change of composites in dry and wet conditions.

PMID- 6571851
TI  - Development of an artificial oral environment for the testing of dental
      restoratives: bi-axial force and movement control.
AB  - The integration of two closed mechanical loops was used to produce a force
      movement cycle, using servo-hydraulics. Several of the parameters were of
      interest in clinically-simulated laboratory studies. The system represented the
      first phase in developing an artificial oral environment.

PMID- 6571852
TI  - Changes in the microstructures of silver-tin and admixed high-copper amalgams
      during creep.

PMID- 6571853
TI  - On creep mechanisms in amalgams.
AB  - Creep mechanisms have been investigated in both conventional and non-gamma 2
      amalgams. The back stress during steady-state creep was measured by the "stress
      dip" technique, and pre-polished vertical surfaces of nearly cylindrical
      specimens were studied after creep. Indications of both superplastic flow and
      dislocation creep were observed.

PMID- 6571854
TI  - Oxidation kinetics of some Ni-Cr alloys.
AB  - Oxidation kinetics of four Ni-Cr alloys and a high-purity nickel standard was
      determined under isothermal conditions in an air atmosphere. In addition, weight
      gains of the alloys were measured during a simulated pre-oxidation treatment. The
      alloys' behavior suggests that mechanisms of oxidation vary with temperature and
      alloy composition.

PMID- 6571855
TI  - Target cells for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in developing rat incisor teeth.
AB  - The concentration of radioactivity is observed in the nuclei of pulpal cells of
      maxillary and mandibular incisors of 20-day-old fetal rats, following injection
      of [3H]-1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D3. Cells in the odontoblast and ameloblast layers are
      essentially free of nuclear labeling. The radioactively labeled pulpal cells
      exist throughout the length of the incisors with the exception of the progenitor
      areas. The results indicate the presence of receptors for 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D3
      in pulpal cells, and suggest the effects of the hormone on these cells.

PMID- 6571856
TI  - Characterization and modification of electrochemical properties of teeth.
AB  - Permselectivity of teeth was studied by membrane potential measurements. The
      enamel was found to have a preferential affinity for calcium and hydrogen ions.
      Its permselectivity could be modified by anionic compounds, such as phytate and
      alginate; by cationic compounds, such as protamine, polyarginine, and polylysine;
      or by an alternating coating of the above compounds.

PMID- 6571857
TI  - Action of drugs on liposomes with varying charges.
AB  - The effects of 12 amphipathic compounds--such as aromatic and aliphatic
      carboxylic acids, amines, imines, nitrogen-substituted derivatives, and aldehydes
      -on multilamellar liposomes with varying charges were monitored in biological
      systems. The stabilization-lysis action of amphipathic compounds on liposomes was
      influenced by either the electrostatic repulsion or the attraction force between
      these compounds and liposomes.

PMID- 6571858
TI  - Oral colonization and pathogenicity of Actinomyces israelii in gnotobiotic rats.
AB  - Reference strains of A. israelii were orally implanted in germ-free rats after
      multiple inoculations. Early colonization was associated with areas of
      interdental hair and bedding impactions. Largest populations of organisms were
      isolated from teeth, as compared to the tongue, cheek, or palate. Examination of
      molar teeth with the scanning electron microscope revealed bacterial
      accumulations in the occlusal fissures, but not on smooth or approximal surfaces.
      Extensive plaque formation after 100-150 d was accompanied by root-surface caries
      and bacterial invasion of the pulp. There was no evidence of bacterial
      penetration of the dentin underlying surface enamel.

PMID- 6571859
TI  - The ultrastructure and hardness of the transparent layer of human carious dentin.
AB  - The ultrastructure of the transparent layer of carious dentin was investigated in
      relation to hardness. This layer was the deeper part of the intermediately
      softened inner carious dentin. Intratubular deposition of fine crystals was
      initially observed at the uppermost layer of normal dentin, increased in the
      subtransparent layer, and gradually shifted to deposition of rhomboid-shaped
      crystals in the transparent layer. Crystals were not seen in the tubules in the
      overlying discolored layer. Softening, due to demineralization of the
      intertubular and peritubular dentin, started at the bottom of the subtransparent
      layer and increased in the outward direction.

PMID- 6571860
TI  - Effects of composite restorations on the periodontal membrane in monkeys.
AB  - We evaluated the histopathological response of the periodontal membrane to
      intentionally-replanted teeth carrying composite (experimental) and silver
      amalgam (control) restorations in the middle third of each root. The study
      revealed that the amalgam produced, in the periodontal tissues, an initial
      localized inflammation that subsided with the subsequent formation of a fibrous
      capsule. However, the periodontal membrane adjacent to the composite resin
      restorations demonstrated chronic inflammation. It was concluded that the
      composite evoked chronic inflammatory responses of the periodontal tissues in
      monkeys.

PMID- 6571861
TI  - The rate of setting of zinc polycarboxylate dental cements investigated by an
      electric conductance method.

PMID- 6571862
TI  - Microstructures of Cu-rich amalgams after corrosion.

PMID- 6571863
TI  - Aluminum foil pouch packaging in pre-measured amalgam capsules.
AB  - Examination of the aluminum foil pouch used in some pre-measured amalgam capsules
      for mercury packaging revealed the formation of an unknown substance after
      trituration. This substance was determined to be aluminum oxide and, in the
      amorphous or poorly crystallized hydrated form, may be a contaminate of the
      amalgam alloy.

PMID- 6571864
TI  - The level of residual monomer in self-curing denture-base materials.
AB  - Because residual monomer may cause tissue irritation, we investigated two self
      curing acrylic denture-base materials--one a compression type, and the other a
      pourable material--by means of gas-liquid chromatography. Both exhibited higher
      residual monomer levels than did heat-cured acrylics, with thick sections having
      lower values than did thin sections. The pourable material showed lower values
      than did the compression variety.

PMID- 6571865
TI  - Leaking of fillers in dental composites.
AB  - The leakage of filler elements from four composites after storage in water was
      investigated. The results showed that all fillers leaked Si, and that the micro
      filled composite and the Ba- and Sr-containing glass composites leaked more Si
      than did the quartz-containing material. The leakage from the different fillers
      was explained by hydroxy-ion and stress-corrosion attacks.

PMID- 6571866
TI  - Synergistic inhibitory effect of zinc and hexetidine on in vitro growth and acid
      production of Streptococcus mutans.

PMID- 6571867
TI  - In vitro caries-like lesion formation in F-containing tooth enamel.
AB  - In vitro caries-like lesion formation in F-containing tooth enamel (shark) showed
      a lower depth of penetration compared to that in human enamel (42 vs. 100%).
      After longer periods of exposure, the depth of penetration in shark enamel is
      only 33% relative to that in human enamel. The extent of dissolution in acetate
      buffer for powdered human enamel and for synthetic F-free calcium-carbonated
      apatites was greater than for powdered shark enamel and for synthetic F
      containing apatites. These results suggest that the cariostatic action of
      fluoride may be explained in terms of a combination of two effects: (a) the
      stabilizing effect against acid dissolution (caries) when fluoride is
      incorporated in the tooth mineral (apatite), and (b) a greater degree of
      remineralization (repair) in the presence of F solution.

PMID- 6571868
TI  - Effect of zinc citrate on fluoride uptake by artificial caries lesions.

PMID- 6571869
TI  - Three-dimensional stress distribution around a dental implant at different stages
      of interface development.
AB  - An anchor-type ceramic dental implant contained in a section of the mandibular
      molar region was modeled for finite element stress analysis. The distributions of
      stresses in the bone around the implant due to axial and transverse loading were
      calculated for different stages of normal and pathological development of the
      implant-bone interface. Highest stress concentrations are observed in the crestal
      region with transverse loading when spongy bone surrounds the implant immediately
      after surgery. Development of a lamina dura around the implant slightly reduces
      severe stress peaks, whereas ingrowth of connective tissue almost eliminates
      them.

PMID- 6571870
TI  - Unreacted methacrylate groups on the surface of composite resins.

PMID- 6571871
TI  - Stress analysis of the human tooth using a three-dimensional finite element
      model.

PMID- 6571872
TI  - The acid pattern in human dental plaque.
AB  - Lactic and volatile acids in standardized plaque samples from 11 subjects have
      been estimated by means of HPLC before and after exposure to sucrose in vivo.
      Total acid differed considerably between subjects, but the ratio of acids
      estimated within the plaque from different persons did not vary significantly.
      The time-dependent acid pattern following sucrose rinsing allowed the plaque
      samples to be divided into two groups: one showing only small changes in total
      acid production; and the other exhibiting a distinct increase in total acid up to
      15 min after sucrose rinsing.

PMID- 6571874
TI  - 60th AADS (American Association of Dental Schools) annual session. March 13-16,
      1983, Cincinnati, Ohio. Abstracts of educational research and new programs
      presentations.

PMID- 6571873
TI  - Combined effect of trace elements and fluoride on caries: changes over ten years
      in northwest Ohio (U.S.A.).
AB  - Dental caries examinations were carried out in an area of low caries prevalence,
      ascribed to a combined effect of fluoride and other trace elements. Repeat
      examinations in 1978 on lifelong resident children aged from 12 to 14 yr showed
      caries distribution patterns to be essentially the same as those found in a
      previous study in 1968. Some changes in DMFS scores had occurred, which were
      associated with changes in the strontium content of the drinking water; low
      caries levels were significantly associated with high strontium concentrations.

PMID- 6571876
TI  - Significance of the solitary lesion in pediatric bone scanning: concise
      communication.
AB  - This study was undertaken to determine the incidence and importance of the
      solitary lesion in pediatric bone scanning. One hundred four children with known
      or suspected malignancy had 340 scans performed. There were 62 scans with a
      solitary area of increased uptake, 24 of which (39%) were due to metastatic
      disease. The solitary lesion in a child with known malignancy must be evaluated
      further and followed clinically.

PMID- 6571875
TI  - Thymic dysfunction in the mutant diabetic (db/db) mouse.
AB  - Thymic function has been explored in genetically diabetic homozygous C57BL/KsJ
      (db/db) mice by evaluating their serum thymic factor (FTS) levels with a rosette
      assay. As previously reported for other autoimmune mice (NZB or MRL/I mice), the
      age-dependent decline of FTS levels was significantly accelerated in diabetic
      mice when compared to heterozygous littermates. Furthermore, FTS inhibitory
      molecules were detected in db/db mouse sera (as early as 10 wk of age) as
      evaluated by their ability to absorb in vitro the activity of synthetic FTS in
      the rosette assay, and in vivo for their capacity to induce the disappearance of
      endogenous FTS when injected into normal mice. These inhibitors were shown to be
      immunoglobulins. Histologically, the thymus presented an accelerated involution
      starting with a cortical lymphocytic depletion and an increased number of
      Hassall's corpuscles. Ultrastructural studies showed alterations in thymic
      epithelial cells, mainly represented by an increasing number of cytoplasmic
      vacuoles. By means of indirect immunofluorescence with anti-FTS monoclonal
      antibodies, it was shown that the number of FTS+ cells was reduced in db/db mouse
      thymuses: at the age of 22 wk, diabetic mice had 10 times fewer FTS+ cells than
      heterozygotes of the same age. Taken together, these results indicate important
      abnormalities in the thymus of diabetic mice. It is possible that the associated
      lymphocyte dysfunction plays a role in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune disease
      presented by db/db mice.

PMID- 6571877
TI  - A quantitative evaluation of breathing systems used with Kr-81m generators.
AB  - A quantitative evaluation of breathing systems currently in use with Rb-81 leads
      to Kr-81m generators is presented. Four systems were evaluated: a reservoir unit,
      a disposable oxygen face mask unit, and two types of nasal oxygen cannula units.
      These systems were used on 30 patients. It was found that the reservoir breathing
      system (a) delivered approximately 10% more Kr-81m gas to the lungs, and (b)
      reduced the image collection time by a factor of two or more, compared with the
      other three systems.

PMID- 6571878
TI  - Excessive intake of 13-cis retinoic acid and fatty acid composition of tissues.
AB  - The effects of feeding an excess of 13-cis retinoic acid on the fatty acid
      composition of tissues were studied. Groups of male, weanling, Sprague-Dawley
      rats were fed diets containing 0, 100 and 300 mg 13-cis retinoic acid per
      kilogram diet. Rats were killed 4 weeks after feeding the diets, and the fatty
      acid composition of total lipids in plasma, liver, kidney, heart and lung was
      determined. Changes in fatty acid patterns were observed primarily in plasma and
      liver. The proportions of 16:1, 18:1 and 20:3 omega 6 were generally higher,
      whereas those of 20:4 were lower. The fatty acid composition of kidney, heart and
      lung lipids was not appreciably changed. The results on fatty acid changes in
      liver suggest that 13-cis retinoic acid may be modifying the activities of
      desaturating enzymes.

PMID- 6571879
TI  - Soft tissue changes in surgically treated cases of bimaxillary protrusion.

PMID- 6571880
TI  - Case 43, part II: Cherubism.

PMID- 6571881
TI  - Calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe (pilomatrixoma) of the cheek.

PMID- 6571882
TI  - Multiple myeloma presenting as a hemorrhagic diathesis.

PMID- 6571883
TI  - Metastatic renal cell carcinoma from a primary tumor removed 14 years previously.
AB  - It is not uncommon for renal carcinomas to present with a solitary metastasis.
      However, this patient was initially seen with multiple metastatic lesions. The
      five-year survival rate in such cases is very low, i.e., less that 5%. It is
      unfortunate that the initial diagnosis of Wilm's tumor was in error, as
      postoperative radiation therapy might have been of some value in ablation of
      residual tumor foci. It is, however, doubtful that radiation therapy and/or
      chemotherapy would have altered the eventual outcome of this disease. Although
      the diagnosis of a clear cell metastatic tumor to the head and neck is difficult
      because of the multiplicity of clear cell malignancies that can occur in this
      area, a primary tumor of the kidney must always remain high in the differential
      diagnosis.

PMID- 6571884
TI  - Suspension and traction appliance for nasal, zygomatico-maxillary complex, and
      zygomatic arch fractures.

PMID- 6571886
TI  - Sagittal anatomy of the human temporomandibular joint spaces: normal and abnormal
      findings.

PMID- 6571885
TI  - Epithelial and connective tissue healing following electrosurgical incisions in
      human gingiva.
AB  - Electrosurgery is used for intraoral incisions by many clinicians. Much
      controversy surrounds the effect of lateral heat produced during the
      electrosurgical incision upon the healing of adjacent connective tissue. Ten
      electrosurgical incisions were made in the gingiva in each of five adult male
      volunteers. The duration of incision and actual energy production for each
      incision were calculated. Excisional biopsies of the incisions were obtained at 0
      504 hours. At the light microscopic level, epithelium, totally degenerated
      immediately following the electrosurgery incision, showed extensive activity at
      24-48 hours and had covered all wounds by 72 hours. Early hour specimens showed a
      homogenous connective tissue region, adjacent to the wound site, devoid of cells
      and fibers. This zone of denatured connective tissue gradually diminished until
      it was no longer present at 396 hours.

PMID- 6571887
TI  - Indications for open reduction of mandibular condyle fractures.
AB  - Most condylar fractures of the mandible may be treated by closed reduction and
      appropriate physiotherapy. Some, however, absolutely should be opened and reduced
      anatomically; with others, good arguments for open reduction may be offered. This
      article reviews the possible indications for open reduction and presents an
      approach that conceals the scar.

PMID- 6571888
TI  - Amnesia, pain experience, and patient satisfaction after sedation with
      intravenous diazepam.
AB  - Recovery time, the effect of sedation or amnesia on postoperative pain, and
      patients' opinions of the sedation were studied. Forty operations were performed
      on 20 patients. Each patient had four impacted third molars removed in two
      sessions, one in which a new emulsion form of diazepam (Diazemuls) was used, and
      one in which no sedation was used. The recovery from sedation was found to be
      very individual and not related to the dose administered, as assessed by a
      simple, easy-to-use method. There was no difference in postoperative pain between
      the sedated and unsedated groups, and we found no correlation between
      postoperative pain and amnesia. Eighty-five per cent of the patients preferred
      sedation during surgery, even though none of them had a preoperative indication
      for sedation.

PMID- 6571889
TI  - Comparison of mandibular rest positions induced by phonetics, transcutaneous
      electrical stimulation, and masticatory electromyography.

PMID- 6571890
TI  - The masseter muscle: the silent period and its clinical implications.
AB  - Standardized solenoid chin taps were delivered downward and upward as parallel as
      possible to the fibers of the superficial part of the masseter muscle and
      backward at a right angle to this direction. Each one of the 10 healthy subjects
      received 10 taps in each direction during isometric masseter muscle activity
      (clenching the teeth). Taps in all three directions evoked the classic jaw jerk
      response, M1, a short latency (mean, 8.3 msec) excitation followed by an SP (mean
      latency, 15.9 msec; mean duration, 42.6 msec). The SP duration varied
      considerably not only between subjects but also within individuals. Forty-nine
      percent of the SPs were divided into two parts by an EMG peak, M2, with mean
      latency 42 msec and mean amplitude 78 microV. Sometimes this peak marked the end
      of the SP. The SP duration has been claimed to be of diagnostic significance
      because it is longer in patients with mandibular dysfunction. It is concluded
      that the large variations of the parameter found in this as well as in other
      studies make it impossible to establish criteria for a healthy or pathologic SP
      duration. A carefully obtained history and thorough clinical examination are
      probably more reliable means to establish a correct diagnosis.

PMID- 6571891
TI  - Current and future considerations for a geriatric population.

PMID- 6571892
TI  - Palatal receptor contribution to and effects of palatal alteration on taste
      acuity thresholds.
AB  - To determine the contribution of the soft palate to the overall taste mechanism
      and the effects of palatal compromise (surgery, cleft palate, and trauma), four
      taste solutions representing sweet, salty, sour, and bitter were applied to the
      apex and base of the tongue and to the soft palate of 12 subjects in each of the
      control and palatally compromised groups. Each group was tested on two different
      occasions with the sessions 2 weeks apart and one in the morning and the other in
      the afternoon. Results indicate that the soft palate contributes to bitter and
      salty sensations to a greater degree than the other two sensations. Of these two,
      bitter is the more acutely experienced. Patients with compromised palates
      revealed higher taste acuity thresholds than the normal control group,
      particularly with bitter solutions. Taste acuity thresholds increased with age.

PMID- 6571894
TI  - A qualitative comparison of various record base materials.

PMID- 6571895
TI  - Porosity in boilable acrylic resin.
AB  - An acrylic resin developed to be processed by boiling for 20 minutes in water was
      compared to a conventional heat-processed acrylic resin for porosity when
      processed according to the manufacturer's directions. No porosity was found in
      the conventional resin in thicknesses up to 19.5 mm. The boilable resin developed
      porosity in thicknesses of 6 mm and greater. The porosity increased with
      increased thickness. The boilable resins should not be used for long-term
      prostheses or those requiring a thickness of acrylic resin that approaches 6 mm.

PMID- 6571893
TI  - Iron discoloration of acrylic resin exposed to chlorhexidine or tannic acid: a
      model study.
AB  - A clinical model was introduced to study the ability of chlorhexidine, tannic
      acid, and iron to discolor dental plaque formed on acrylic resin surfaces. None
      of the agents caused discoloration when applied individually five times daily
      during a 5-day period. However, exposure of the dental plaque to either
      chlorhexidine or tannic acid before the iron applications produced marked
      staining. Possible mechanisms, among which denaturation appears to be
      significant, are discussed. The use of a strong oxidizing agent,
      peroxymonosulfate, completely bleached the established discolorations.

PMID- 6571896
TI  - A clamp to support the maxillary section of adjustable articulators.

PMID- 6571897
TI  - An immediate acid-etched provisional fixed partial denture.

PMID- 6571898
TI  - Molar uprighting can be useful periodontic and/or prosthodontic adjunct.

PMID- 6571899
TI  - Nutritional problems of the aged.

PMID- 6571900
TI  - Isolation of pathogenic microorganisms from dentures and denture-soaking
      containers of myelosuppressed cancer patients.

PMID- 6571901
TI  - The assessment of Chroma sensitivity to porcelain pigments.

PMID- 6571902
TI  - Electrical burns of the oral commissure.

PMID- 6571903
TI  - Mechanically retained facial prostheses: helpful or harmful?

PMID- 6571904
TI  - Physical therapy as an adjunct to temporomandibular joint therapy.

PMID- 6571905
TI  - Partial reversal of the myometrial progesterone 'block' in the non-pregnant ewe
      in vivo by oestradiol-17 beta.
AB  - In ovariectomized non-pregnant ewes myometrial activity, which was suppressed by
      continued injection of progesterone, showed a significant recovery of both
      spontaneous activity and oxytocin responsiveness by 12 and by 24 h after
      intrauterine administration of oestradiol-17 beta. No such recovery occurred in
      ewes given vehicle only into the uterus. The oestrogen-induced recovery was lost
      by 60 h after treatment. Infusion of PGF-2 alpha into the uterine lumen instead
      of oestrogen provided no support for the possibility that the oestrogen-induced
      recovery was mediated through PGF-2 alpha secretion. It is suggested that
      oestradiol may participate in the mechanism of parturition in sheep by
      accelerating myometrial recovery from the effects of progesterone.

PMID- 6571907
TI  - Malpractice claims increasing in periodontics.

PMID- 6571906
TI  - Uterine histology and prostaglandin concentrations and utero-ovarian venous
      steroid and prostaglandin concentrations during the luteal phase of the menstrual
      cycle in baboons (Papio spp.) with or without an IUD.
AB  - Arachis oil was infused via the oviducts into the uterus of baboons 6-9 days
      after ovulation; uterine tissue was collected towards the end of the luteal phase
      (3-7 days after the oil infusion) for histological assessment of the occurrence
      of any deciduomal reaction. To exclude the possibility that a variation in the
      endogenous steroid concentrations was responsible for any observed variation in
      the incidence of the deciduomal reaction, blood samples were collected and
      assayed for progesterone and oestradiol-17 beta. The effect of the IUD on
      endometrial prostaglandin release was examined by measuring PGE and PGF
      concentrations in uterine tissue and utero-ovarian venous plasma. The IUD
      stimulated a deciduomal response in every animal, whereas the traumatization with
      arachis oil had no such effect; the variation in the peripheral and utero-ovarian
      steroid levels could not explain the variation in the incidence of the deciduomal
      reaction. Greater concentrations of PGF but not PGE were present in the
      endometria of those animals bearing an IUD and in which a deciduomal reaction had
      been stimulated. The corpus luteum was the major source of progesterone and of
      oestradiol-17 beta, although non-luteal ovarian tissue also secreted oestradiol
      17 beta.

PMID- 6571908
TI  - Clinical camera.

PMID- 6571909
TI  - Periodic breast cancer screening with single oblique-view mammography.

PMID- 6571910
TI  - Experimental induction of parathyroid adenomas in the rat.
AB  - Neonatal inbred Wistar albino rats were given either 5 or 10 microCi radioiodine
      (131I) within 24 hours of birth. After weaning, animals were placed on diets
      high, normal, or deficient in vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) for periods up to 2
      years. In animals aged 12 months and older, adenomas were found in 0 of 67
      unirradiated controls, in 22 of 67 given 5 microCi 131I, and in 25 of 67 given to
      microCi 131I. The incidence of tumors in irradiated animals was highest (55%) in
      those on a low-vitamin D diet and lowest (20%) in those on a high-vitamin D diet.
      Plasma calcium levels were significantly increased by the high-vitamin D diet,
      but the low-vitamin D diet did not lead to any significant decrease as compared
      to the calcium levels of the normal vitamin D diet group. Small but significant
      calcium increases were found in tumor-bearing animals. These findings indicate
      that parathyroid tumors in the rat can be induced by radiation and that their
      incidence is strongly influenced by dietary vitamin D content. The possibility
      that metabolites of vitamin D3 may influence parathyroid growth and tumor
      formation directly is discussed.

PMID- 6571911
TI  - Modifying factors in pancreatic carcinogenesis in the hamster model. I. Effect of
      protein-free diet fed during the early stages of carcinogenesis.
AB  - The role of protein in pancreatic carcinogenesis was examined in outbred Syrian
      golden hamsters treated with the pancreatic carcinogen N-nitrosobis(2
      oxopropyl)amine (BOP) and fed a purified protein-free diet (PPFD). The PPFD was
      fed for 28 days from 8 weeks of age; before and after animals were fed PPFD, they
      were given a commercial diet (CD). BOP was given before PPFD feeding (group 1) or
      at 18 days (group 2) and 28 days (group 3) from the beginning of the PPFD
      feeding. BOP-treated control hamsters (group 4) were pair-fed a purified control
      diet (PCD) instead of PPFD. All animals fed PPFD and PCD were returned to a CD
      for the rest of the experiment, which was terminated in each group 52 weeks after
      BOP treatment. The results showed a highly significant reduction of tumor
      incidence (P less than 0.0001) in hamsters that received PPFD, when compared to
      those fed PCD, regardless of the time of carcinogen administration during the
      dietary regimen. Hamsters treated with BOP at 18 days of PPFD (group 2) developed
      neither benign nor malignant pancreatic tumors. The inhibition of pancreatic
      neoplasms was not related to reduced calorie consumption, since this occurred in
      the BOP-treated hamsters that were pair-fed the PCD diet. The results indicated
      that both the initiation and promotion of pancreatic carcinogenesis with BOP in
      hamsters can be inhibited by lack of protein in the diet given for 4 weeks during
      the early stages of the neoplastic process.

PMID- 6571912
TI  - Retrospective assessment of menstrual cycle length in patients with breast
      cancer, in patients with benign breast disease, and in women without breast
      disease.
AB  - The length of the menstrual cycle was compared in women with breast cancer, women
      with benign breast disease, and controls. Older women in general tended to report
      shorter menstrual cycles (P less than 0.05). After correction for the age
      difference, breast cancer patients still reported a shorter average menstrual
      cycle length than benign breast disease patients and controls (P less than
      0.006). Very short cycles (less than or equal to 21 days) were present in 20% of
      the breast cancer patients compared to 8% of the patients with benign breast
      disease and 4% of the controls (P less than 0.0001). Long cycles (less than or
      equal to 30 days) were not a feature of breast cancer patients (2%), whereas 20%
      of the patients with benign breast disease and 20% of the controls reported such
      long cycles (P less than 0.0001). Irregular menstrual cycles were more common in
      benign breast disease patients (20%) than in cancer patients (10%) and controls
      (8%) (P less than 0.001).

PMID- 6571913
TI  - Destruction of murine lymphoma cells by allogeneic peritoneal macrophages in
      vitro: influence of antiserum.
AB  - Peritoneal macrophages isolated from intact inbred C57BL/10ScCr mice and from
      inbred C57BL/10ScCr mice previously immunized with the allogeneic SL2 lymphoma
      were incubated with SL2 cells with and without antiserum. The mode of interaction
      of the cells during the first 4 hours was studied ultrastructurally. Normal
      macrophages interacted with the tumor cells only when antiserum was present. The
      main feature was a partial enveloping of the tumor cells by thin lamellipodia
      without any visible cell damage. Immune macrophages without antiserum killed the
      tumor cells extracellularly by a process of apoptosis and subsequently
      phagocytized the cell remnants, as described previously. In the presence of
      antiserum, immune macrophages phagocytized intact tumor cells with very long,
      slender lamellipodia. Subsequently, the tumor cells underwent intracellular
      necrosis that seemed to be initiated by the release by the macrophage of complete
      lysosomes into the phagosome containing the tumor cell. In addition to altering
      the mode of interaction, antiserum greatly increased the degree of cytotoxicity.

PMID- 6571914
TI  - DNA alkylation and tumor induction in regenerating rat liver after cell cycle
      related continuous N-nitrosodimethylamine infusion.
AB  - Synchronized regenerating rat liver after partial hepatectomy was used to study
      cell cycle-related DNA base alkylation and liver carcinogenesis. A continuous iv
      infusion of [14C]N-nitrosodimethylamine (DMN) at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/hour was
      given to inbred male Wistar Af/Han rats over a period of 8 hours either during
      the G1 phase, hydroxyurea-synchronized DNA synthesis, or the G2+M-phase of
      regenerating liver or to untreated rats (G0-phase liver--carcinogen dose, 1.5
      mg/kg/hour). Two hours after the end of the infusion, the amount of 7
      methylguanine was highest in the G0-phase liver, with a decrease in the G1 phase,
      the S-phase, and the G2+M-phase. After continuous DMN exposure, the O6
      methylguanine:7-methylguanine ratio was lower in the S-phase and G2+M-phase
      livers than in the G0-phase and G1-phase livers, indicating an increased O6
      methylguanine repair during DNA synthesis and the G2+M-phase. Liver tumors in
      rats treated by continuous DMN infusion either during the G0 phase or the S-phase
      developed only after carcinogen exposure during DNA synthesis.

PMID- 6571915
TI  - Spontaneous tumors of the prostate gland in inbred strains of mice.
AB  - Spontaneous tumors of the prostate gland in the house mouse (Mus musculus) have
      rarely been described. In a histologic survey of prostate glands from old
      (greater than 700 days of age) mice, we have observed 2 primary adenocarcinomas
      of the prostate gland, 1 in a 1,047-day-old C57BL/6J mouse (DEH 1009) and 1 with
      metastases to the kidney and lungs in a 778-day-old C57BL/KsJ mouse (DEH 705C).
      We have also found a rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate gland in a C57BL/6J mouse
      (DEH 1121C) 732 days old. The histologic characteristics of these tumors, and of
      the prostate glands of mice of similar ages without prostatic neoplastic
      involvement, including a 736-day-old CBA/CaJ mouse (DEH 849) with adenomatous
      hyperplasia, are described.

PMID- 6571916
TI  - Mammary carcinogenesis in rats in relation to age at time of N-nitroso-N
      methylurea administration.
AB  - The effects on mammary carcinogenesis when N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU) is
      administered to rats of different ages were studied. Female outbred Sprague
      Dawley rats received two iv injections of NMU (5 mg/100 g body wt/injection) 1
      week apart beginning at either 35, 50, 80, 140, or 200 days of age. Animals were
      killed 6 months after the initial NMU injection, and all mammary tumors were
      histologically classified. The percent incidence of mammary carcinomas for each
      age group was as follows: 100%, 35 days old; 94%, 80 days old; 59%, 80 days old;
      30%, 140 days old; and 22%, 200 days old. Rats receiving NMU at a young age also
      exhibited a greater number of carcinomas per rat with latent periods that were in
      general shorter than those of rats treated at later ages. Since NMU does not
      require metabolic activation, the observed decrease in chemically induced mammary
      tumors in aging rats appears to be primarily due to changes occurring within the
      mammary gland.

PMID- 6571917
TI  - Parity as a prognostic factor in young breast cancer patients.
AB  - Data were analyzed concerning 219 female breast cancer patients less than 36
      years of age who were diagnosed and treated in the Province of Saskatchewan,
      Canada, during 1946-72. Pathology slides were available for review on 171 of
      these patients, and invasive breast cancer could be confirmed in 136. Nulliparous
      patients had more favorable age-adjusted survival rates than parous patients for
      the total patient group and for those patients whose tumor was verified to be
      invasive cancer on pathologic review. Adjustment for potential confounding
      factors indicated that differences in survival among parity groups could be
      explained to a substantial degree by differences in distribution over node status
      and the nuclear grade of the primary tumor. Because these factors relate to the
      biologic behavior of breast cancer and because the distributions of these factors
      were significantly associated with the parity categories utilized in the
      analysis, the data provide some evidence that parity influences the behavior of
      breast cancer in young women.

PMID- 6571918
TI  - Relative difficulties in transforming human and animal cells in vitro.

PMID- 6571919
TI  - A follow-up study of a ten-percent sample of the Canadian labor force. I. Cancer
      mortality in males, 1965-73.
AB  - A system is described for monitoring the mortality experience of an approximately
      10% sample of the Canadian Labor Force with the use of computerized record
      linkage to the Canadian mortality data base. Results are presented for the 4,203
      cancer deaths that occurred between 1965 and 1973 in 415,201 males with known
      occupational histories from 1965 to 1969. A number of previously suggested
      associations between certain occupations and cancers have been confirmed in these
      results, and a number of new associations also have been observed. The system
      provides a powerful tool for both generating and testing hypotheses, and this
      power will increase as further mortality experience is accumulated by the cohort.

PMID- 6571920
TI  - Sister chromatid exchange frequency in asbestos workers.
AB  - In vitro cytogenetic studies of amosite, chrysotile, and crocidolite asbestos
      have shown that these fibers may induce chromosome abnormalities and an elevated
      sister chromatid exchange (SCE) rate in mammalian cells. Twenty-five asbestos
      insulators (6 with radiographic asbestosis) were compared to 14 controls
      frequency matched for age and were found to have a marginally increased SCE rate
      in circulating lymphocytes with increasing years of exposure (P= 0.057). There
      was a significant association between SCE rate and smoking (P=0.002) after
      controlling for years of asbestos exposure and age. Smoking asbestos insulators
      had the highest SCE rate. Sister chromatid exchanges in chromosomes of group A,
      i.e., the group with the longest chromosomes, were significantly associated with
      asbestos exposure and cigarette smoking, with an interaction between the two.

PMID- 6571921
TI  - Incidence of childhood cancer: experience of a decade in a population-based
      registry.
AB  - Incidence rates of cancer among children aged 0-14 for the period 1970-79 have
      been generated with the use of data from the Greater Delaware Valley (GDV)
      Pediatric Tumor Registry. This population-based registry covers a 31-county area
      and has a pediatric base population of 2 million. During the period,
      approximately 2,300 cases of childhood cancer were diagnosed in the region.
      Incidence rates for all histologic types combined are similar to rates from other
      large surveys conducted in the United States and Western Europe. However, certain
      histology-specific rates in the GDV vary by race. In the GDV nonwhites relative
      to whites have higher rates of Wilms' tumor, soft tissue sarcomas other than
      rhabdomyosarcoma, and retinoblastoma. These contrasts are supported by surveys in
      African populations showing relatively higher rates of these tumors among African
      black children. GDV whites exceed nonwhites in incidence of acute leukemia,
      neuroblastoma, and Ewing's sarcoma. African black children also experience low
      rates of these tumors. The frequency of central nervous system tumors is similar
      for GDV whites and nonwhites, despite reports of a rarity of these neoplasms in
      African blacks. Variations in incidence rates reveal population subgroups with
      particular tumor susceptibilities and may provide clues as to the relative
      influence of heredity and environment on patterns observed.

PMID- 6571922
TI  - D-Glucosamine-induced increase of the glycerol-containing lipids in growing
      cultures of human malignant epithelial cells.
AB  - D-Glucosamine was found to inhibit the growth of human malignant epithelial cells
      SW-839, HT-29, RT-4, and SK-OV-3 in culture in a process that was associated with
      significant increments in glycerol-containing lipids. Each cell line had a
      different sensitivity to the drug, but all four cell lines shared the same
      features in their response, i.e., dose-dependent (at concentrations of 1, 5, and
      10 mM), noncytotoxic reductions in growth (minimum 30%, maximum 70%), and
      simultaneous 1.5-fold to sevenfold increases in lipid contents. Cells regained
      their normal growth and lipid patterns when glucosamine was removed. Glucosamine
      did not modify the lipid contents of cells in the late phase of culture when
      growth was minimal.

PMID- 6571923
TI  - Breast cancer following iodine-131 therapy for hyperthyroidism.
AB  - A retrospective cohort study of women treated for hyperthyroidism at the Mayo
      Clinic between 1946 and 1964 was conducted to determine if 1,005 women treated
      with iodine-131 (131I) were at increased risk of breast cancer compared with
      2,141 women traced, and a response (death certificate or questionnaire) was
      received for 99% of the traced women. The average duration of follow-up was 15
      years for the 131I-treated women and 21 years for women treated  surgically. No
      increased risk of breast cancer was observed in the 131I-treated women (adjusted
      relative risk = 0.8). No patterns were found of increased breast cancer risk by
      age at first treatment, by time since treatment, or by total exposure to 131I.
      Failure to detect an increased risk of breast cancer in the 131I-treated women
      was attributed to the moderately low doses from 131I therapy and the relatively
      small number of exposed women. The study also failed to find any increased risk
      of breast cancer associated with hyperthyroidism.

PMID- 6571925
TI  - Mortality from brain tumor and other causes in a cohort of petrochemical workers.
AB  - To evaluate a suspected excess of deaths due to brain tumor (BT) among
      petrochemical workers, a retrospective cohort mortality study was conducted among
      7,595 men ever employed at a plant in Texas City, Texas, between 1941 and 1977.
      Among hourly employees, overall mortality was lower than expected from U.S.
      national rates [standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 79]. However, 19 BT deaths
      (International Classification of Diseases, seventh revision, codes 193, 223, and
      237) among hourly employees were observed as against 9.6 expected (SMR = 198),
      and with extension of the analysis to include BT deaths occurring in 1978 and
      1979, 22 deaths were observed versus 10.7 expected (SMR = 206). Fifteen years or
      more after being hired, 19 of these workers died from BT versus 7.2 expected (SMR
      = 263), and the standardized mortality ratios increased with duration of
      employment to 377 for hourly workers who had worked over 20 years. Although
      nonoccupational etiologies cannot be dismissed, these data suggest an
      occupational etiology for certain BT deaths in petrochemical workers.

PMID- 6571924
TI  - Androgen stimulation of gross cystic disease fluid protein and carcinoembryonic
      antigen in patients with metastatic breast carcinoma.
AB  - Plasma levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the 15,000 molecular weight
      gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP-15) were determined in 30 patients with
      metastatic breast carcinoma before, during, and after treatment with
      fluoxymesterone. Within 2 weeks after initiation of treatment, plasma levels of
      GCDFP-15 increased 50% above basal values in 15 (79%) of 19 patients. Similar
      increases in plasma CEA levels occurred in only 5 (23%) of 22 patients. Eight
      (33%) of 24 patients achieved increases in GCDFP-15 of 500% or more above basal
      levels after 14-336 days of therapy. Within 2 weeks of fluoxymesterone
      termination, 14 (93%) of 15 patients had a decrease in plasma GCDFP-15 levels,
      and in 12 (80%) the decrease exceeded 33% (the inverse of a 50% increase).
      Conversly, only 5 (33%) of 15 patients experienced a decrease in plasma CEA
      levels within 2 weeks of therapy termination, and in only 1 (6.7%) subject did
      the decrement exceed 33%. Nine (90%) of 10 patients who had 50% increases in
      plasma GCDFP-15 during initial androgen therapy also had significant decreases in
      plasma GCDFP-15 following termination of therapy. Data on 3 prospectively studied
      patients demonstrated that plasma GCDFP-15 rose within 24 hours of initiation of
      fluoxymesterone therapy and continued to rise for at least 6 days. Increased
      plasma levels of GCDFP-15 were reflected in increased urinary excretion of the
      glycoprotein.

PMID- 6571926
TI  - Loss of heterozygosity in cultured human tumor cell lines.
AB  - One hundred and thirty-seven cultured human tumor cell lines derived from
      Caucasian patients were surveyed for ten of their polymorphic enzyme phenotypes.
      The gene frequencies in this cell line population were similar to those of normal
      Caucasian populations, although consistent differences in phenotype frequencies
      were detected at each of the loci. All 10 loci showed fewer heterozygous
      phenotypes and a correspondingly greater number of the common and rare homozygous
      phenotypes than occur in normal Caucasian populations. On the average, only 85%
      of the loci expressed in fully differentiated diploid cells were expressed in the
      neoplastic cell lines adapted to in vitro growth. There was no significant
      difference in the proportion of loci expressed in cells that had been passaged
      less than 10 times and in cells passaged more than 50 times. Consequently, it
      appears that there is a loss of expression in genetic marker loci from at least
      six different chromosomes. This loss occurs either in the in vivo tumor or in the
      very early stages of the cultivation of neoplastic cells derived from solid human
      tumors. Once the cells have become adapted to growth in vitro, the patterns of
      expression in their polymorphic loci remain stable for many passages.

PMID- 6571927
TI  - Tumorigenicity and other properties of cells from ten continuous human esophageal
      carcinoma cell lines in nude mice.
AB  - A total of 239 6-week-old nude mice of BALB/c origin were inoculated sc with
      human esophageal carcinoma cells of lines Hcu 10, Hcu 18, Hcu 37, and B5 (derived
      from poorly differentiated tumors), of lines Hcu 39, Hcu 57, and B17 (derived
      from moderately differentiated tumors), and of lines Hcu 13, Hcu 33, and Hcu 35
      (derived from well-differentiated tumors), as well as with esophageal carcinoma
      lines 13.M1, 13.M5, 13.M7, 13M9, and 13.M1.M11 passaged through the mouse. Tumor
      take rates varied from 5 to 90% with an overall take rate of 21.9% (56 tumors).
      Latent periods ranged from 4 weeks to 9 months, and cells of each line gave rise
      to tumors of varying histologic differentiation. Cells of the poorly
      differentiated and well-differentiated lines gave rise to 23 infiltrating tumors,
      with metastasis being observed in a single mouse. All other tumors (33) were
      encapsulated and mobile. Thirty mice were observed for 6 months following removal
      of the primary tumor, and a single instance of recurrent carcinoma was noted.
      Cells from the nude mouse tumor xenografts adapted well to in vitro conditions
      and developed into continuous lines. The investigations confirmed the tumorigenic
      potential of 10 human esophageal carcinoma cell lines and provided information
      about properties of esophageal carcinoma cells in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 6571928
TI  - A stem cell model of human tumor growth: implications for tumor cell clonogenic
      assays.
AB  - A simple stem cell model of human tumor growth is presented. Three tumor cell
      populations are predicted: stem, transitional, and end cells. The properties of
      these cells are discussed in terms of their behavior in currently available
      technologies for investigation of cell kinetics and for their influence on
      clinical outcome. Stem cell renewal, transitional cell proliferation, and cell
      loss are analyzed mathematically to define their influence on the relative
      proportions of cell populations; it is demonstrated that stem cell renewal has a
      central role in determining the growth properties of tumors. The impact of a stem
      cell model on the use of tumor clonogenic assays as predictors of clinical
      outcome is discussed; opinions are expressed as to the definition of reasonable
      expectations for current experimental procedures.

PMID- 6571929
TI  - Routine growth and differentiation of primary retinoblastoma cells in culture.
AB  - The lack of systems permitting the routine growth of primary retinoblastomas has
      been a hindrance in the study of basic properties of these neoplastic cells.
      Therefore, a new culture system has been developed in which all retinoblastomas,
      regardless of their origin (primary eye tumor and/or its metastasis, subcutaneous
      and/or intraocular xenograft from the nude mouse), showed consistent growth. Each
      tumor could be grown for an unlimited number of culture passages with the use of
      rat smooth muscle cell multilayers as a biologic substrate and human serum as a
      culture medium supplement. Several of the tumor lines were continuously grown for
      longer than 1 year. Labeling with [3H]thymidine for 16 hours demonstrated that
      between 15 and 40% of the retinoblastoma cells were labeled, depending on the
      individual neoplasm. Retinoblastomas were organized into clumps of cells that
      adhered to the smooth muscle cells. The tumor cells maintained a round
      morphology, and cell spreading was observed in only a few cases. Cultured
      retinoblastomas consistently showed spontaneous formation of well-differentiated
      Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes if these structures were present in the primary
      eye tumor of the patient. Thus the culture system consistently permitted the
      growth of retinoblastomas and their photoreceptor cell differentiation.

PMID- 6571930
TI  - Alterations of glycolipids of human leukemia cell line HL-60 during
      differentiation.
AB  - Alterations of glycolipids of human leukemia cell line HL-60 during
      differentiation were investigated. The neutral glycolipids of HL-60 cells are of
      the lacto-types such as lactosylceramide (LacCer) and
      lactoneotetraglycosylceramide (nLcOse4Cer). The gangliosides of HL-60 cells
      consisted of a mixture of the lacto-types and the ganglio-types. Chemical
      inducers of differentiation, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and
      dimethyl sulfoxide, altered the glycolipid profile; II3-alpha-acetylneuraminyl
      lactosylceramide (GM3) increased in amount and LacCer and nLcOse4Cer decreased.
      Tunicamycin had no effect on the glycolipid synthesis. The GM3 accumulated more
      than tenfold in the TPA-induced macrophage-like cells. This accumulation could be
      due to the increased activity of LacCer sialytransferase.

PMID- 6571931
TI  - Occupation and cancer of the lower urinary tract in Detroit.
AB  - The relationship between occupation and cancer of the lower urinary tract in
      Detroit was examined by means of a population-based case-control study conducted
      as part of the National Bladder Cancer Study. Three hundred three white male
      patients with transitional or squamous cell carcinoma of the lower urinary tract
      and 296 white male controls selected from the general population of the study
      area were interviewed to obtain lifetime occupational histories. Our findings
      suggested that truck drivers have a significant increased risk of lower urinary
      tract cancer [relative risk = 2.1; 95% confidence interval (Cl) = 1.4-4.4]. A
      significant trend in risk was apparent with increasing duration of employment as
      a truck driver (P = 0.004); the relative risk estimated for truck drivers
      employed at least 10 years was 5.5 (Cl = 1.8-17.3). Truck drivers with a history
      of operating vehicles with diesel engines experienced a significant elevated risk
      compared to non-truck drivers (relative risk = 11.9; Cl = 2.3-61.1), but whether
      the increased risk observed among truck drivers was attributable to diesel
      exposure could not be evaluated. Nonsignificant excess risks were also seen for
      tool and die makers as well as for workers in several other industries and
      occupations. Employment in the motor vehicle manufacturing industry was
      associated with no significant excess risk of lower urinary tract cancer
      (relative risk = 1.1; Cl = 0.8-1.5).

PMID- 6571932
TI  - Urine estrogens, frequency of ovulation, and breast cancer risk: case-control
      study in premenopausal women.
AB  - Urine specimens from 94 premenopausal women with breast cancer and from 70
      control women have been compared with respect to concentration of the three major
      estrogen fractions and to frequency of ovulation as assessed by urine
      pregnanediol. The probability of anovulation (0.14 in the breast cancer patients
      and 0.09 among the controls) was not significantly higher among the women with
      breast cancer (P approximately 0.30). However, there was a positive association
      between urine estrogen concentration and breast cancer risk. The association was
      statistically significant (P less than 0.05) for each of the three estrogens
      measured and in both the follicular and the luteal phases of the menstrual cycle;
      the relative risk increased from 1 in the referent category (less than 5
      micrograms estrogen/g creatinine) to about 3 in the highest category (greater
      than or equal to 15 micrograms estrogen/g creatinine). The association between
      urine estrogens and breast cancer risk was consistently stronger when the
      comparison was restricted to specimens collected in menstrual cycles during which
      ovulation occurred.

PMID- 6571933
TI  - Oral cancer and mouthwash.
AB  - As part of a case-control study in North Carolina involving 206 women with oral
      and pharyngeal cancers and 352 controls, questions were asked concerning the
      patterns of mouthwash use. No significant overall increase in risk was found
      among users; the relative risk, adjusted for snuff dipping and smoking habits,
      was 1.15 [lower, upper limits of the 95% confidence interval (95% Cl) = 0.8,
      1.7]. The relative risk associated with mouthwash use was increased to 1.94 (95%
      Cl = 0.8, 4.7), however, among women abstaining from tobacco. Although consistent
      dose-response relationships were not observed for this subgroup, these findings
      and other reports of an increased risk among persons ordinarily at low risk of
      this disease raise the possibility that mouthwash may contribute to oral and
      pharyngeal cancers.

PMID- 6571934
TI  - Oral cancer and mouthwash use.
AB  - The role of mouthwash and other factors was examined in relation to oral cavity
      cancer by means of a retrospective study. Daily use of mouthwash showed an excess
      risk in females but no excess risk in males. No dose response was seen in females
      with increased duration of use. In nonsmoking, nondrinking women as well, daily
      mouthwash use was associated with excess risk. Multiple logistic regression
      including all factors of interest showed inconsistent results for duration and
      frequency of mouthwash use. Due to the absence of a dose-response relationship
      and the possibility of confounding by tobacco and alcohol use, it was not
      possible to attribute causal significance to the association between daily
      mouthwash use and oral cancer in women.

PMID- 6571935
TI  - Transplantation immunity and cross-protection of two cultured murine colon lines.
AB  - Previous comparative investigations of the in vivo biology of two cultured colon
      tumors of BALB/c origin, C-C26 and C-C36, demonstrated different biologic
      activities. For elucidation of these differences, this report investigated the
      immunogenicity of these lines in providing protection to a subsequent challenge
      with different doses of tumor cells. Furthermore, the specificity of this
      protection was evaluated with cross-protection experiments. Our findings
      demonstrated these lines to be immunogenic and suggested the presence of cross
      reactive tumor rejection-type antigens on these 2 cultured colon tumor lines.
      BALB/c mice immunized with these tumors developed resistance to challenge with
      the same tumor as well as to challenge with the other colon tumor lines. Further
      definition of these putative antigens could provide us with a better
      understanding for the diagnosis and treatment of colon tumors.

PMID- 6571936
TI  - Antiviral effects of amino acid derivatives with the fluorene substituent on
      murine leukemia viruses.
AB  - Two new amino acid derivatives with the fluorene substituent, when administered
      ip to female inbred ICR-CD1 mice inoculated with Friend murine leukemia virus,
      significantly inhibited virus-induced splenomegaly, reduced viable virus titers
      in spleen and plasma, and significantly prolonged survival time. These compounds
      also inhibited multiplication of the strains of the Friend and Moloney murine
      leukemia viruses in a cell culture system. The action of these compounds on
      murine leukemia virus was presumely different from that of tilorone.

PMID- 6571937
TI  - Differential susceptibility of AKR, C57BL/6J, and CF1 mice to 1,2
      dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic tumor formation predicted by proliferative
      characteristics of colonic epithelial cells.
AB  - The proliferative characteristics of the colonic mucosae of various mouse strains
      were examined to determine their value in forecasting the differential
      susceptibility of each to 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced tumor formation.
      The control labeling index (LI) was highest (9.9 +/- 2.6) and the proliferative
      compartment (PC) widest in the DMH-sensitive CF1 strain, whereas the LI was
      lowest (7.3 +/- 1.3) (P greater than 0.01) and the PC shortest in the AKR
      resistant strain. The size of the PC and the LI for moderately resistant C57BL/6J
      mice lay between these values (8.5 +/- 1.1). Pooled data from 1 week after the
      fifth and sixth injections and 12 weeks after the first injection of six showed
      elevated LI in the distal colons of all DMH-treated mice. Distribution analyses
      of [3H]thymidine-labeled cells indicated extension of the PC (Stage II
      abnormality) in all strains with a shift of DNA-synthesizing cells from the major
      zone or lower third to the middle and upper thirds of the crypt (Stage II
      abnormality) occurring primarily in the CF1 strain. Cytotoxicity measurements at
      6 hours and compensatory DNA synthesis at 3 and 4 days after DMH injection (20
      mg/kg body wt) revealed similar relative response levels in CF1 and AKR mice,
      which suggested induction initially of like numbers of mutations. Indigenous
      conditions shown to influence the expression of colonic neoplasia are the level
      of DNA synthesis and the dimensions of the PC within the mucosa.

PMID- 6571939
TI  - Pool size of pluripotential hematopoietic stem cells increased in continuous bone
      marrow culture by Friend spleen focus-forming virus.
AB  - Continuous mouse bone marrow cultures were infected with Friend murine leukemia
      virus. Production of nonadherent (NA) and adherent cells, granulocyte-macrophage
      colony-forming unit(s) of progenitor cells (GM-CFUc), pluripotential
      hematopoietic stem cells (CFUs), the self-renewal potential (Rs) of CFUs, and
      generation of factor-dependent (FD) multipotential and committed permanent stem
      cell cloned lines were measured. Uninfected marrow cultures from C57BL/6J,
      C57BL/6JUt, B6.S, C3H/HeJ, (C57BL/6J x DBA/2J)F1, CD- 1 Swiss, or N:NIH(S) mice
      generated NA cells, GM-CFUc, and CFUs for 20-41 weeks; cultures infected with
      Rauscher or other helper viruses generated them for 35-45 weeks. GM-CFUc and CFUs
      production in SFFV-positive cultures persisted for over 65 weeks and exceeded
      control levels by twentyfold to fiftyfold. The Rs of CFUs in SFFV-positive
      cultures was not detectably increased above control cultures. Multipotential
      (erythroid-neutrophil-mast cell-basophil-eosinophil) permanent FD cell clones
      were derived from control and SFFV-positive cultures. Thus SFFV amplifies the
      stem cell pool in vitro without detectably increasing the Rs capacity of CFUs.

PMID- 6571938
TI  - Alloreactivity and tumor antigens: generation of syngeneic antilymphoma killer
      lymphocytes by alloimmunization of mice with normal cells.
AB  - The possibility of obtaining a syngeneic antitumor effect by immunization with
      normal allogeneic cells was investigated by tests of the lytic activity of
      peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) of BALB/c mice immunized with lymphoid cells of
      either a single strain or a pool of six different allogeneic strains on the
      syngeneic Moloney virus-induced lymphoma YC8 target and on one of its clones
      designated YC8-D1. Significant cytotoxicity on both targets but not on two other
      BALB/c lymphomas was obtained with PEC of BALB/c mice singly immunized to the non
      H-2-incompatible but H-2-compatible DBA/2 or B10.D2 lymphoid cells. The lack of
      lysis of YC8 cells by PEC of BALB/c mice immune to B10.A (H-2k,d) suggests that
      the in vitro killing was restricted by Kd-IEd region products of the major
      histocompatibility complex. Pool immunization was effective in generating
      antitumor cytotoxic lymphocytes only when DBA/2 lymphoid cells were included in
      the pool. The pattern of reactivity of effectors elicited in (BALB/c x DBA/2)F1
      and in (BALB/c x B10.D2)F1 mice by immunization with DBA/2 and B10.D2 cells
      showed that at least two sets of antigens are recognized on YC8 targets, one
      shared by DBA/2 and B10.D2 tissues and the other expressed by DBA/2 cells only.
      Cold target blocking experiments indicated that the same effectors recognized non
      H-2 antigens of DBA/2 and the cross-reacting YC8 determinants. The antitumor
      effect was mediated by T-cells, since it was abrogated by treatment of effectors
      with anti-Thy 1.2 serum plus complement. These data indicate that determinants
      defined by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are expressed on the BALB/c lymphoma YC8 and
      cross-react with non-H-2 antigens of DBA/2 and B10.D2 strains.

PMID- 6571940
TI  - Possible site of zinc control of hepatoma cell division in Wistar rats.
AB  - The effect of zinc on the growth of a transplantable DAB hepatoma in young male
      Wistar rats was determined. Both a zinc deficiency (less than 0.5 microgram/g
      feed) as well as high levels of dietary zinc (500 micrograms/g feed)
      significantly reduced tumor growth. Both high- and low-zinc diets resulted in
      reduced activity of the salvage pathway of thymidine synthesis as well as reduced
      32PO4 incorporation into DNA and diminished DNA polymerase activity. Blockage of
      the de novo pathway of DNA synthesis by the folate antagonist methotrexate (MTX)
      resulted in greatly increased flux through the thymidine salvage pathway and
      increased DNA polymerase activity but decreased 32PO4 incorporation in the
      transplantable hepatomas in Wistar rats fed normal zinc diets (50 micrograms/g
      feed). MTX had the effect of reducing all these activities in the groups fed low-
      and high-zinc diets. These data suggested a site of action of zinc associated
      with the salvage pathway of thymidine synthesis.

PMID- 6571941
TI  - Carcinogenicity of butylated hydroxyanisole in F344 rats.
AB  - Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) was added at levels of 0.5 and 2.0% to the diet of
      inbred F344 rats for 2 years. The higher dose of BHA induced a significant
      increase in the incidence of papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma in both sexes.
      Both the higher and lower doses increased the incidences of hyperplasia of the
      forestomach, considered to be associated with neoplasias. The incidences of these
      neoplastic changes were dose-dependent. Neoplastic changes in other organs were
      not increased significantly by BHA. These results show that BHA is carcinogenic
      in the forestomach of F344 rats.

PMID- 6571942
TI  - Prevention of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine-induced nasal cavity tumors in rats
      by orchiectomy.
AB  - Bilateral orchiectomy, performed 1 week before initiation of weekly sc injections
      of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP), prevented induction of hyperplastic and
      neoplastic lesions in the nasal and paranasal cavities of outbred Wistar-derived
      MRC rats. However, in BOP-treated rats without surgery or with bilateral
      vesiculectomy, the incidences of these lesions were 100 and 90%, respectively.
      Literature review indicates that nasal and paranasal lesions occur predominantly
      in male domestic animals as well as in human males and suggests a possible
      hormone dependency of these lesions.

PMID- 6571943
TI  - Carcinogenicity of cadmium chloride aerosols in W rats.
AB  - Lung cancers were induced in inbred W rats by cadmium chloride aerosols. For 18
      months, 120 male W rats were continuously exposed to cadmium chloride aerosols
      with cadmium (Cd) concentrations of 12.5, 25, and 50 micrograms/m3, respectively.
      For the same period of time, 41 rats were kept in filtered air; these rats served
      as the control group. The survivors were killed 13 months after the end of the
      inhalation experiments. Histopathologic examination revealed a dose-dependent
      incidence of primary lung carcinomas of the following types: adenocarcinomas,
      epidermoid (squamous cell) carcinomas, combined epidermoid carcinomas and
      adenocarcinomas, and mucoepidermoid carcinomas. The incidence of lung carcinomas
      was 71.4% in the group exposed to 50 micrograms Cd/m3, 52.6% in the group exposed
      to 25 micrograms Cd/m3, and 15.4% in the group exposed to 12.5 micrograms Cd/m3.
      None of the controls developed lung carcinomas. At the end of the experiment, the
      remaining Cd concentrations in the lungs were relatively high, almost at the same
      level as those in the livers.

PMID- 6571944
TI  - In vivo formation of N-nitrosomorpholine in CD-1 mice exposed by inhalation to
      nitrogen dioxide and by gavage to morpholine.
AB  - Male CD-1 mice were exposed to approximately 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for 5
      6 hours, to 1 g morpholine/kg body weight by gavage, or to both. Treatments were
      repeated daily for 5 consecutive days. N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) was found in
      whole carcasses (16-146 ng NMOR/mouse) in all animals that had been exposed to
      both NO2 and to morpholine, but NMOR was not found in tissues from animals that
      had been exposed to either chemical alone. Approximately one-third of the NMOR
      was found in the gastrointestinal tract, mainly in the stomach. The
      coadministration of 2 g sodium ascorbate/kg body weight or 1 g alpha-tocopheryl
      acetate/kg body weight had no effect on the amount of NMOR that was found in any
      tissue. Another possible product of the interaction of NO2 and morpholine, N
      nitromorpholine, was not detected in any tissue. We concluded that the repeated,
      concurrent exposures of mice to NO2 by inhalation and to morpholine by gavage
      resulted in the in vivo formation of significant quantities of NMOR. The
      biological significance of the observation remains unknown.

PMID- 6571945
TI  - Neoplasia and chronic disease associated with the prolonged administration of
      dehydroheliotridine to rats.
AB  - When dehydroheliotridine (DHH), a pyrrolizidine alkaloid metabolite with
      bifunctional alkylating and antimitotic activities, was administered to a hooded
      strain of rats by ip injection, the incidence of tumors, excluding interstitial
      cell tumors, was significantly greater than that in saline-injected controls. The
      number of tumors was not further increased when thioacetamide (TA) was co
      administered for its mitosis-stimulating effect. The life-span of the rats was
      significantly shortened by DHH and more so by combined DHH and TA treatment, but
      not by TA alone. The results indicate that DHH is responsible for some, possibly
      most, of the carcinogenicity of the parent pyrrolizidine alkaloids and also
      stimulates the earlier and more rapid development of renal and vascular diseases
      normally associated with aging in rats.

PMID- 6571947
TI  - Renal anomalies in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6571946
TI  - Comparison of intermediate-dose methotrexate with cranial irradiation for the
      post-induction treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia in children.
AB  - We compared two regimens with respect to their ability to prolong disease-free
      survival in 506 children and adolescents with acute lymphocytic leukemia. All
      responders to induction therapy were randomized to treatment with 2400 rad of
      cranial irradiation plus intrathecal methotrexate or to treatment with
      intermediate-dose methotrexate plus intrathecal methotrexate, as prophylaxis for
      involvement of the central nervous system and other "sanctuary" areas. Patients
      were then treated with a standard maintenance regimen. Complete responders were
      stratified into either standard-risk or increased-risk groups on the basis of age
      and white-cell count at presentation. Among patients with standard risk,
      hematologic relapses occurred in 9 of 117 given methotrexate and 24 of 120 given
      irradiation (P less than 0.01). The rate of central-nervous-system relapse was
      higher in the methotrexate group (23 of 117) than in the irradiation group (8 of
      120) (P = 0.01). Among patients with increased risk, radiation offered greater
      protection to the central nervous system than methotrexate (P = 0.03); there was
      no difference in the rate of hematologic relapse. In both risk strata the
      frequency of testicular relapse was significantly lower in the methotrexate group
      (1 patient) than the radiation group (10 patients) (P = 0.01). Methotrexate
      offered better protection against systemic relapse in standard-risk patients and
      better protection against testicular relapse overall, but it offered less
      protection against relapses in the central nervous system than cranial
      irradiation.

PMID- 6571948
TI  - Combustible gases: the importance of proper fuel selection.

PMID- 6571949
TI  - A VEBA in your future.

PMID- 6571950
TI  - No smoking: a profitable policy.

PMID- 6571951
TI  - More on hepatitis.

PMID- 6571952
TI  - Promises and pitfalls for new year.

PMID- 6571953
TI  - New functions for oxytocin?

PMID- 6571954
TI  - Vascular insufficiency in McArdle's disease.

PMID- 6571955
TI  - Serial serum immunoglobulin levels in acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis.
AB  - In 102 children with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis, serum
      immunoglobulin levels at six month follow-up were significantly lower than those
      on admission to hospital. For those with a normal C 3 level on admission, the
      admission level of IgG was lower than for the group as a whole, while serum IgA
      and IgM levels on admission were no different from the group as a whole. Absolute
      levels of serum immunoglobulin in acute glomerulonephritis will not differentiate
      one kind of renal lesion from another.

PMID- 6571956
TI  - Amenorrhoea.

PMID- 6571958
TI  - Medical Practitioners Disciplinary Committee review of complaints.

PMID- 6571957
TI  - Costing of treatment strategies in the case of childhood respiratory illness.

PMID- 6571959
TI  - The mini-Wright peak flow meter.

PMID- 6571960
TI  - Psychiatric diversion at a general hospital.

PMID- 6571961
TI  - Nuclear magnetic resonance scanners.

PMID- 6571962
TI  - Epidemiology of orf.

PMID- 6571963
TI  - Might serum calcium, sodium, and potassium concentrations and blood pH affect the
      frequency and severity of hypoglycemia in newborn infants of diabetic mothers?

PMID- 6571964
TI  - Orf virus infection of workers in the meat industry.
AB  - Two hundred and thirty-one cases of orf were reported in one year from 18 meat
      works slaughtering lambs and sheep. This represented 1.4 percent of the total
      employees at these works and 4 percent of those working on the mutton slaughter
      board. One hundred and nineteen of these reports were accompanied by samples of
      the lesion and 85 percent of lesions contained orf virus particles as determined
      by electron microscopy. The tasks that led to the greatest risk of contracting
      orf were related to handling pelts and/or wool. Ninety-five percent of lesions
      were on the hands. The risk of a worker contracting orf did not decrease with the
      number of years employed at the meat works and 18 cases of re-infection were
      reported. Control of the disease in man in the meat industry will be difficult in
      the short term. In the long term control of the disease in man will rely on
      control of the disease in sheep. Alternative vaccines for sheep will need to be
      found.

PMID- 6571965
TI  - Hyperbetalipoproteinaemia and hyperalphalipoproteinaemia in a single family.
AB  - Twelve members of a kindred were studied of whom six showed elevated low-density
      lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. Within the blood related group nine showed
      elevated high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and correspondingly
      elevated HDL lipoprotein apoprotein levels. The members with elevated LDL also
      therefore had elevated HDL. There was no family history of premature vascular
      disease in the kindred and the 74 year old member was clinically free of
      ischaemic vascular disease. It is considered that the coincidence of a familial
      tendency to high blood LDL and HDL was not associated with appearance of
      premature arterial disease in this kindred.

PMID- 6571966
TI  - Gastroenteritis in children.

PMID- 6571967
TI  - Pedestrian traffic in a paediatric ward.
AB  - On three separate occasions, between May 1980 and May 1982, observations were
      made of the number of people entering a six cot room in a paediatric ward between
      6 am and 6 pm. The number of different people interacting with one unaccompanied
      child was also counted and in the 1982 study, the child's responses were
      described in detail. Results showed that more than 300 entrances by 100 different
      people occurred each day. It is suggested that such social demands on an
      unaccompanied child in the psychologically vulnerable age group may add to the
      stress of a hospital stay.

PMID- 6571968
TI  - The safety standards of domestic swimming pools 1980-1982.
AB  - The accessibility and safety standards of domestic swimming pools were studied
      for a sample of 1118 five-year-old children. Comparison with data collected in
      1980 indicated two major trends. First, there has been an increase in the number
      of children in this birth cohort who had a swimming pool on their property or on
      a neighbouring property: in 1980 31 percent of children were living on a property
      with a swimming pool or had neighbours with a swimming pool; in 1982 this figure
      had risen to 41 percent. Coupled with this increasing number of swimming pools
      there was a marked decline in pool safety standards. In 1980 one in five pools
      lacked any safety features whereas in 1982 nearly half of the pools surveyed
      lacked these features. This situation of an increasing number of domestic pools
      associated with declining safety standards may be a factor in the increasing
      number of child drownings in domestic swimming pools in New Zealand. The mothers
      were also questioned about their attitudes to fencing legislation or by-laws
      requiring adequate pool fencing and gates. This showed strong support with 86
      percent of mothers being in favour of such regulations and only 9 percent
      declaring disagreement with such a move.

PMID- 6571969
TI  - Document! Document! Document!

PMID- 6571970
TI  - Fine tuning change: planning for dental manpower needs.

PMID- 6571971
TI  - Dental hygiene: profile of a profession. Part IV: current issues and future
      trends.

PMID- 6571972
TI  - Hypertonic saline as an abortifacient in a select group of patients.
AB  - The clinical course of 40 patients with a uterine scar who were undergoing second
      trimester abortion induced with either hypertonic saline or prostaglandin F2
      alpha, was reviewed. In the 38 patients with a previous cesarean scar, and in the
      2 patients with a hysterotomy scar, the uterine contents were evacuated with no
      evidence of uterine rupture. A review of the literature dealing with uterine
      rupture subsequent to induced midtrimester abortion revealed that the typical
      multiparous uterus was more prone to rupture if oxytocin was used in conjunction
      with or a few hours after instillation of the abortifacient, or if oxytocin was
      used continuously for more than 12 hours. Although rupture after use of
      prostaglandin in a previously scarred uterus has been reported, there is no case
      reported of rupture after use of hypertonic saline. This review and the authors'
      experience lead them to conclude that hypertonic saline is a safe abortifacient
      during the second trimester, especially between 18 and 22 weeks' gestation, in a
      previously scarred uterus when careful monitoring is employed and oxytocic agents
      are used judiciously.

PMID- 6571973
TI  - Cytosol and nuclear estrogen and progestin receptors and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase activity in normal and carcinomatous endometrium.
AB  - Endometrial estrogen and progestin receptors were quantitatively measured in the
      cytosol (ERc, PRc) and nuclear (ERn, PRn) fractions, the activity of 17 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase measured in 13 normal women in the late
      proliferative phase of the cycle (control group), in 33 patients with
      adenocarcinoma, and in 6 patients with other malignancies of the endometrium. The
      parameters measured had relatively small variations in the control group, whereas
      the opposite was true for the malignant endometrium. ERc and PRc were present in
      significantly higher concentrations in normal endometrial tissue (167 and 1697
      fmol/mg cytosol protein, respectively) than in malignant endometrial tissue (45
      and 116 fmol/mg cytosol protein, respectively), and the ratios of ERc/ERn and
      PRc/PRn were higher (P much less than .001 in both cases) in the normal group.
      The activities of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase were identical in normal
      and adenocarcinoma tissue and correlated with PRc in carcinomatous endometrium.
      The present results support previous findings that the great majority of
      endometrial adenocarcinoma specimens have significant concentrations of ERc and
      PRc and that these concentrations are lower than in normal endometrium. In
      addition, they demonstrate that nuclear location of the female sex steroid
      receptors is favored in the malignant tissue. Despite these differences, the 17
      beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities were identical in proliferative
      endometrium and in endometrial adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 6571974
TI  - Effects of naproxen sodium on menstrual prostaglandins and primary dysmenorrhea.
AB  - Prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha in the menstrual fluid from 12 patients with
      primary dysmenorrhea were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Each patient was
      studied for 3 cycles, using vaginal tampons issued for this study. All tampons
      were collected individually for prostaglandin extraction and RIA. Severity of
      dysmenorrhea and clinical response to treatment were evaluated by a scoring
      method and by the patients' self-assessment. Each patient in this double-blind
      cross-over study had a control cycle and 2 treatment cycles with naproxen sodium
      tablets (275 mg) or placebo in random order. The treatment regimen was 2 tablets
      at the first sign of menses followed by one tablet 4 times daily for 3 days. Nine
      patients obtained good to excellent relief from naproxen sodium, but no relief
      from the placebo. Two patients had moderate to good response to both naproxen and
      placebo, and one patient showed no response. Naproxen therapy but not placebo
      therapy sharply reduced menstrual prostaglandin F2 alpha and prostaglandin E2
      release. There was a positive correlation between menstrual prostaglandin levels
      and the severity of dysmenorrhea. Symptomatically, naproxen sodium was most
      effective in alleviating severe menstrual cramps but had little effect on mild
      cramps. It was also effective in ameliorating many but not all of the subjective
      symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. Relief of dysmenorrhea was
      apparent within one hour after the initial dose, attained maximum level in 2
      hours, and was maintained throughout therapy.

PMID- 6571975
TI  - Defining personnel policies in an office manual.

PMID- 6571976
TI  - Help wanted: selecting new staff members.

PMID- 6571977
TI  - Preparing legal employment applications: state and federal laws govern content.

PMID- 6571978
TI  - Preventing staff turnover: train employees to be long-term members of the dental
      team.

PMID- 6571979
TI  - The emperor's clothes: a program to help the impaired professional.

PMID- 6571980
TI  - Dentists concerned for dentists program gets under way.

PMID- 6571981
TI  - The natural history of pulp and dentin.

PMID- 6571982
TI  - Reconciliation of dental practitioners and dental educators.

PMID- 6571983
TI  - Modified combination chemotherapy of leukemia. An attempt to overcome drug
      resistance.
AB  - Vincristine and prednisolone are important drugs for induction therapy in acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia. In our experience quite a number of patients relapse
      during maintenance therapy after induction. At this stage some of the patients
      are resistant to vincristine and prednisolone. In the present study we attempted
      to explore whether vincristine could be used together with cytosine arabinoside.
      Vincristine being a phase-specific agent is known to synchronize the leukemic
      cells in vitro and a drug like cytosine arabinoside added after vincristine at
      the appropriate time is expected to have added cell kill. In vitro studies with
      leukemic cells confirmed the expected increase in cell kill with the addition of
      cytosine arabinoside 6 h after vincristine treatment. Simultaneously, the same
      approach was explored in the clinic. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients who
      were resistant to vincristine and prednisolone for reinduction, remitted with
      this strategy, i.e. with the addition of cytosine arabinoside 6 h after the
      vincristine treatment.

PMID- 6571984
TI  - Kinetic behavior of 'pathological' myeloblasts and 'normal' erythroblasts in
      acute granulocytic leukemia. Analysis of in vitro studies in 20 patients.
AB  - Kinetic studies of leukemic blast cells (LBC) and erythroblasts were carried out
      in 20 cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), and the results were compared
      with those observed in dividing granulocytic precursors (DGP) and erythroblasts
      in a control group of 16 normal subjects. The parameters studied were: mitotic
      index (MI), labelling index (LI-3HTDR), MI/LI ratio and mitotic time (MT). The
      results showed that (1) LBC of AML do not proliferate more quickly than normal
      DGP, on the contrary, they replicate more slowly; (2) LBC obey some 'ecological
      laws' of normal hemopoiesis as a response to the control of the proliferative
      activity and release through the 'marrow-blood barrier'; (3) the difference
      between hyperleukocytemic and subleukemic AML is not related to the
      multiplicative activity of marrow LBC, but rather to other unknown biological
      factors; and (4) the kinetic behavior of erythroblastic population in AML is
      consistent, at least in some cases, with its 'leukemic origin'.

PMID- 6571985
TI  - Internal triplication in the structure of human ceruloplasmin.
AB  - Amino acid sequence analysis of the 67,000-dalton (67-kDal) fragment that is the
      amino-terminal half of human ceruloplasmin has revealed internal triplication in
      the primary structure of the entire molecule. This is illustrated by comparison
      of 620 residues representing homologous domains of the 67-kDal fragment and of
      the 50-kDal and 19-kDal fragments that together comprise the carboxyl-terminal
      half of the molecule. The polypeptide chain is divided into three covalently
      linked homologous segments, each of about 340 residues. All three homology units
      have about 30% identity in sequence, and each pair exhibits at least 40%
      identity. The statistical significance of the 3-fold internal duplication was
      established by computerized analysis of the sequence. These results and studies
      of the sites of limited proteolytic cleavage support a model for the
      ceruloplasmin molecule consisting of an alternating structure of six domains of
      two different kinds (or possibly nine domains of three kinds). The 3-fold
      internal homology suggests that the ceruloplasmin molecule evolved by tandem
      triplication of ancestral genes.

PMID- 6571986
TI  - Cloning of the Vibrio harveyi luciferase genes: use of a synthetic
      oligonucleotide probe.
AB  - A mixed-sequence synthetic oligonucleotide probe was used to isolate a clone
      containing the gene encoding the alpha subunit of bacterial luciferase from
      Vibrio harveyi and part of the gene coding for the beta subunit. DNA sequence
      analysis has allowed us to determine that the genes are closely linked on the
      bacterial chromosome and transcribed in the same direction. Comparison of the
      sequences in the regions preceding the two structural genes has revealed
      considerable homology and has identified sites that may be involved in the
      expression of the genes. Identification of a clone from a clone bank of total
      genomic DNA from this organism shows that mixed probes can be successfully used
      to isolate a gene of interest from any bacterium provided some protein sequence
      for the gene product is available.

PMID- 6571987
TI  - Latent insulin receptors and possible receptor precursors in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
AB  - Cell surface and cryptic insulin receptors were solubilized from the particulate
      fraction of murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes with buffer containing 1% Triton X-100.
      Solubilized receptors were affinity crosslinked with 125I-labeled insulin and
      disuccinimidyl suberate and characterized by sodium dodecyl
      sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography after specific
      immunoprecipitation. Two insulin-binding polypeptides were identified: the more
      abundant protein had a Mr of 130,000, corresponding to the size of the hormone
      binding subunit of insulin receptors on the surface of target cells; the second
      polypeptide exhibited a Mr of 200,000 and appears to be a component of the latent
      pool because it was unaffected when 3T3-L1 adipocytes were exposed to trypsin
      under conditions that result in a 95% reduction in cell surface insulin-binding
      activity and the loss of the Mr 130,000 polypeptide in crosslinking experiments.
      Unexpectedly, the population of Mr 200,000 molecules in intact cells was
      accessible for limited cleavage by chymotrypsin, yielding a Mr 195,000 insulin
      binding polypeptide. When 3T3-L1 adipocytes received a 15-min pulse of
      [35S]methionine, the predominant immunoprecipitated polypeptide had a Mr of
      180,000. During a 1.5-hr chase, radioactivity in the Mr 180,000 species rapidly
      declined while the latent Mr 200,000 polypeptide became intensely labeled. After
      a 5-hr chase period, broad protein bands with Mrs of 130,000 and 90,000 were
      visualized as the major immunoprecipitated radioactive polypeptides. Thus, the Mr
      180,000 species may be a very early biosynthetic precursor that may be
      subsequently processed to a Mr 200,000 form and one or both of the smaller
      receptor subunits at the cell surface.

PMID- 6571988
TI  - Organization of Achlya mtDNA: a population with two orientations and a large
      inverted repeat containing the rRNA genes.
AB  - We have investigated mtDNA organization in the oomycetous water mold; Achlya, and
      report here that this primitive organism contains a circular mitochondrial genome
      of 49.8 kilobase pairs. Extensive restriction endonuclease analysis indicates
      that a significant portion of the genome is present as an inverted repeat. Of 52
      restriction sites for 14 enzymes thus far mapped, 28 sites cluster in two 9.6
      kilobase-pair regions; within these regions, the sequence of sites is inverted
      but the spacing between analogous sites is identical. The repeat arms have a
      maximum length of 12.1 kilobase pairs and are separated by 4.6-8.4 and 21.0-22.3
      kilobase pairs of unique sequences. Transfer hybridization experiments show that
      genes for both the large and the small rRNAs are contained within each repeat.
      Restriction endonuclease analysis shows that the unique regions between the
      inverted repeats are present in both possible orientations with respect to each
      other and in approximately equal proportions. These orientational, or "flip
      flop," isomers of the unique regions are postulated to occur by intramolecular
      homologous recombination between the repeated regions.

PMID- 6571989
TI  - Metal and sulfur composition of iron-molybdenum cofactor of nitrogenase.
AB  - The sulfur content of N-methylformamide solutions of cofactor from Clostridium
      pasteurianum nitrogenase has been determined to be 11.9 (+/- 0.9) mol per mol of
      molybdenum. This number was determined radiochemically, using iron-molybdenum
      cofactor isolated from molybdenum-iron protein from bacteria grown on 35SO4. A
      total of 3.2 (+/- 0.2) mol of sulfur per mol of molybdenum was found to be
      present in cysteine and methionine, probably arising from contaminating proteins
      not intrinsic to the cofactor. Combined with accumulated evidence that is
      discussed, these results lead to an updated stoichiometry of MoFe6S8 or 9, not
      MoFe6S4 as previously thought, for this cluster.

PMID- 6571990
TI  - Oligomeric structure of muscarinic receptors is shown by photoaffinity labeling:
      subunit assembly may explain high- and low-affinity agonist states.
AB  - The potent muscarinic photoaffinity reagent N-methyl-4-piperidyl p-azidobenzilate
      (azido-4NMPB) was used to covalently label specific muscarinic binding sites in
      various brain regions and in the heart. In the cortex and hippocampus, a single
      specifically labeled protein with an apparent molecular mass of 86,000 daltons
      was detected by gel electrophoresis. In the medulla pons, cerebellum, and cardiac
      atria, there was a 160,000-dalton band in addition to the 86,000-dalton
      polypeptide. Under certain conditions, alkali or hydroxylamine treatment
      dissociated both macromolecules into a single 40,000-dalton polypeptide. These
      results suggest that the muscarinic receptor exists in oligomeric forms and that
      a dimer and tetramer of a basic 40,000-dalton peptide may exist as
      interconvertible species. We propose a model to explain the biological
      architecture of the muscarinic receptors and suggest a possible correlation
      between the azido-4NMPB-labeled polypeptides and the two states of the receptor
      observed in agonist binding experiments.

PMID- 6571991
TI  - DNA sequence preference of the progesterone receptor.
AB  - Highly purified hen oviduct progesterone receptor A subunit was tested for
      binding to several chicken gene DNAs. Sequence preference detected by
      nitrocellulose filter adsorption of [32P]DNA fragments obtained from recombinant
      plasmids revealed a marked retention of certain DNA fragments. About a 10-fold
      preference was seen for DNA fragments flanking the 5' end of the steroid
      regulated genes ovalbumin and gene Y. No preference was seen with analogous DNA
      fragments from chicken beta-globin and alpha-actin genes. Restriction
      endonuclease mapping suggests the presence of multiple receptor interaction sites
      flanking the 5' terminus of the ovalbumin gene. One of these preferential binding
      sites was localized between -135 and -247 base pairs upstream from the start of
      transcription. This region contains an 18-base-pair A + T-rich sequence, a likely
      candidate for the binding site itself, because earlier studies had shown receptor
      A to have marked preference for A + T-rich DNA.

PMID- 6571992
TI  - Femtosecond photolysis of CO-ligated protoheme and hemoproteins: appearance of
      deoxy species with a 350-fsec time constant.
AB  - Photolysis of HbCO, MbCO, and CO-protoheme has been investigated by measuring
      transient differential spectra and kinetics of induced absorption after
      excitation with a 250-fsec laser pulse at 307 nm. Probing was performed by a part
      of a continuum pulse between 395 and 445 nm. Photodissociation of the three
      liganded species occurred within the pulse duration. By contrast, the formation
      of deoxy species appeared with a mean (+/- SD) response time of 350 +/- 50 fsec.
      This time constant was identical for the three species and independent of the
      presence or absence of the protein structure. Our results suggest the formation
      of a transient high-spin in plane iron (II) species which relaxes in 350 fsec to
      a high-spin stable state with concerted kinetics of CO departure and iron
      displacement. The spin transition is suspected to occur via liganded excited
      states which relax in part to non-reactive states with a 3.2-psec time constant.

PMID- 6571994
TI  - Indirect induction of erythroid differentiation in mouse Friend cells: evidence
      for two intracellular reactions involved in the differentiation.
AB  - The mechanism of in vitro erythroid differentiation in mouse Friend cells was
      studied by employing cell fusion between two genetically marked Friend cells and
      other nonerythroid cells, including BHK (baby hamster kidney) and FM3A (mouse
      mammary gland) cells. We were able to induce erythroid differentiation indirectly
      by fusing Friend cells that had been exposed briefly to dimethyl sulfoxide prior
      to fusion with nonerythroid cells that had been treated with ultraviolet light
      (or other DNA-damaging agents). The results suggest that two distinct reactions
      are involved in erythroid differentiation in Friend cells in vitro. One reaction,
      originating from the damaged DNA (or inhibition of DNA replication as a
      consequence), exhibits an inducible nature, is nonspecific to Friend cells, and
      is trans-acting. The other reaction is specific to Friend cells and most likely
      is cis-acting. We also present evidence from the cell fusion experiments that a
      typical tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, inhibits erythroid
      differentiation by affecting the latter reaction. The biological significance of
      these findings is discussed.

PMID- 6571993
TI  - Immunological evidence for the in vivo occurrence of a crosslinked complex of
      poly(ADP-ribosylated) histone H1.
AB  - The poly(ADP-ribosylation) of histones, which occurs within a limited and
      functionally specific domain of chromatin, is a novel post-translational
      modification. However, in the past it has been difficult to study this process in
      living cells because the substrate of the reaction (NAD) does not permeate the
      plasma membrane. In the current study, antibodies specific for histone H1 and
      poly(ADP-ribose) were used to study the occurrence of poly(ADP-ribose)+ species
      of H1 in vivo. Perchloric acid-extracted proteins from synchronously growing HeLa
      cells were fractionated by electrophoresis and transferred to nitrocellulose, and
      the transferred moieties were allowed to react with the specific antibodies and
      then with 125I-labeled protein A. The results conclusively demonstrate the
      natural occurrence of poly(ADP-ribose)-crosslinked complexes of histone H1 (i.e.,
      H1 dimer), at the S/G2 phase transition of the cell cycle.

PMID- 6571995
TI  - Behavior of cells at fluid interfaces.
AB  - We have cultured the murine cell lines 3T3-L1 and SV-T2 using as a substrate the
      layer of denatured protein that forms at the phase boundary between culture
      medium and fluorocarbon fluids. The growth patterns observed on these interfaces
      differ from those seen on conventional solid substrates. Depending on the cell
      strain and the composition of the fluorocarbon fluid, cells will tend to clump
      into isolated aggregates or form nearly confluent cell monolayers containing
      "lake-like" openings. We demonstrate that these growth patterns can be attributed
      to the ability of cultured cells to stress and break the protein monolayer on
      which they grow.

PMID- 6571996
TI  - Developmental regulation of mRNA in mouse heart.
AB  - The myocardium contains abundant translatable mRNAs that change during
      development. Maximal cell-free synthesis of [3H]leucine-, [35S]methionine-, and
      [35S]cysteine-labeled translation products directed by poly(A)-containing mRNAs
      from 12-, 14-, and 17-day fetal; 5-day-old neonatal; and 30-day-old adult mouse
      heart was determined by using one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels. Three
      general developmental patterns of heart-specific mRNA translation products were
      observed: two translatable mRNAs were most abundant in 12-day fetal heart; five
      mRNAs were most abundant in 14- and 17-day fetal heart and occurred only at low
      concentrations in 12-day fetal and adult heart; four mRNAs, including mRNAs
      coding for actin, tropomyosin, and myosin light chains 1 and 2, were most
      abundant in the adult heart. Thus, differentiating cardiac muscle is
      characterized by a complex pattern of mRNA regulation.

PMID- 6571998
TI  - Cloning and expression of DNA sequences associated with the killer trait of
      Paramecium tetraurelia stock 47.
AB  - We have presented direct evidence that at least one of the traits associated with
      killing of paramecia by kappa particles is determined by an extrachromosomal
      genetic element. Plasmid DNA was isolated from Caedibacter taeniospiralis 47
      (commonly known as 47 kappa), which is an obligate cytoplasmic endosymbiont of
      Paramecium tetraurelia. Fragments of pKAP47 DNA generated by Pst I digestion were
      inserted into pBR328 and then introduced into Escherichia coli 294 by
      transformation. Clones carrying recombinant plasmids were screened for toxicity
      toward sensitive strains of paramecia or for the ability to produce R bodies.
      None of the clones appeared to be toxic. However, three clones were found to have
      the ability to produce R bodies, which are proteinaceous ribbons (10-20 microns
      long, 0.5 microns wide, and 13 nm thick) rolled up inside the cell to form a
      hollow cylinder about 0.5 microns in diameter and 0.5 microns long. Each of these
      clones carry plasmids that contain the Pst I B fragment from pKAP47. Subclones of
      one of the recombinant plasmids, pBQ51, were constructed to determine the
      approximate location of DNA sequences necessary for R-body synthesis. The left
      hand boundary of the required sequences was found to occur within a 600-base-pair
      region, and the location of the right-hand boundary was determined to occur
      within a 700-base-pair region. The minimum and maximum sizes of sequences
      required for R-body synthesis are between 1,300 and 2,600 base pairs.

PMID- 6571997
TI  - Spontaneous H-2 mutants provide evidence that a copy mechanism analogous to gene
      conversion generates polymorphism in the major histocompatibility complex.
AB  - The analysis of H-2K products from spontaneously generated major
      histocompatibility complex (MHC) mutants and of the primary structure of other
      class I antigens suggests the genetic hypothesis that diversity in the MHC
      results from a copy mechanism analogous to gene conversion. The hypothesis was
      tested by making precise structural predictions about three partially
      characterized MHC mutants (bm1, bm3, and bm8). The predictions were based on
      consensus sequences among class I genes that differ from H-2Kb in the same region
      of the molecule as do the Kb mutants. In two cases (bm3 and bm8) we successfully
      predicted the correct amino acid substitution at positions known to be altered
      but for which the specific nature of the substitution had not been determined. In
      two additional cases (bm1 and bm8) we predicted and found both new mutation sites
      and the specific amino acid substitutions. The positions and identifications of
      the variant amino acids were determined by radiolabeled amino acid sequence
      analysis and DNA restriction endonuclease analysis. The interaction of MHC genes
      through a copy mechanism to generate diversity permits the introduction of
      multiple nucleotide base substitutions into class I sequences by a single genetic
      event. Such a mechanism may account in part for the large structural divergence
      among alleles of MHC loci and the high degree of MHC polymorphism among wild
      mice.

PMID- 6572000
TI  - Cloning of a human complement component C4 gene.
AB  - Six overlapping cosmid clones having an average insert size of 40 kilobase pairs
      were identified and isolated from a human genomic library by using a cDNA probe,
      Alu-7, specific for the amino acid sequence of C4d, a known region of the fourth
      component of human complement. Analysis of these genomic clones by restriction
      digestion and Southern blotting shows that all six probably contain the same
      complete C4 gene. Nucleotide sequence comparison of the genomic clone Cos-A and
      the cDNA clone Alu-7 shows an identical sequence except for the presence of a
      1,500-base-pair intron in the genomic sequence. The amino acid sequence predicted
      from the nucleotide sequence agrees with the known C4d region amino acid sequence
      with one exception.

PMID- 6571999
TI  - Anti-HLA antibodies of predetermined specificity: a chemically synthesized
      peptide induces antibodies specific for HLA-A,B heavy chain.
AB  - A chemically synthesized dodecapeptide (Asp-Ala-Ala-Ser-Pro-Arg-Glu-Glu-Pro-Arg
      Ala-Pro), consisting of residues 39 through 50 of the HLA-B7 heavy chain sequence
      and containing a highly hydrophilic hexapeptide segment (Pro-Arg-Glu-Glu-Pro
      Arg), induced antibodies that bound specifically to free HLA-A, and HLA-B heavy
      chains and to the soluble dodecapeptide. Although these antibodies reacted with
      free HLA-A,B heavy chains in blots on nitrocellulose, they failed to
      immunoprecipitate the HLA-A,B-beta 2-microglobulin antigen complex solubilized
      from human lymphoblastoid cells by nonionic detergents. These observations
      suggest that the physical characteristics of this particular soluble hydrophilic
      dodecapeptide may closely resemble nonallotypic determinants expressed by free
      HLA-A,B heavy chains and that such antigenic sites may be modified by
      conformational changes in the native HLA-A,B heavy chain-beta 2-microglobulin
      complex.

PMID- 6572001
TI  - Identification and partial characterization of the secreted form of the fourth
      component of human complement: evidence that it is different from major plasma
      form.
AB  - Immunoprecipitation of human C4 from plasma followed by NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions revealed the expected alpha, beta,
      and gamma chains as well as a smaller quantity of a molecule containing an alpha
      chain (p98) approximately equal to 5,000 daltons heavier than the normal alpha
      chain. Further studies on p98 indicated that it covalently incorporated methyl
      amine, was present at a concentration of approximately equal to 8% of the
      principal plasma form of the C4 alpha chain, and was found in highly purified C4
      preparations. Hep G2, a human hepatoma-derived cell line, was found to secrete a
      C4 molecule in which the alpha chain had a molecular weight identical to that of
      the p98 protein found in plasma. The secreted C4 molecule possessed hemolytic
      activity. The 5,000-dalton difference in the alpha chain was localized to the
      COOH terminus and was attributed to an additional polypeptide. We propose that
      p98 is the alpha chain of the secreted form of C4, which is processed
      extracellularly by proteolytic cleavage to the principal C4 molecule found in
      plasma.

PMID- 6572002
TI  - Detection of sickle cell beta S-globin allele by hybridization with synthetic
      oligonucleotides.
AB  - Two 19-base-long oligonucleotides were synthesized, one complementary to the
      normal human beta-globin gene (beta A) and one complementary to the sickle cell
      beta-globin gene (beta S). The nonadecanucleotides were radioactively labeled and
      used as probes in DNA hybridization. Under appropriate hybridization conditions,
      these probes can be used to distinguish the beta A gene from the beta S allele.
      The DNA from individuals homozygous for the normal beta-globin gene (beta A beta
      A) only hybridized with the beta A specific probe; the DNA from those homozygous
      for the sickle cell beta-globin gene (beta S beta S) only hybridized with the
      beta S specific probe. The DNA from heterozygous individuals (beta A beta S)
      hybridized with both probes. This allele-specific hybridization behavior of
      oligonucleotides provides a general method for diagnosis of any genetic disease
      which involves a point mutation in the DNA sequence of a single-copy gene.

PMID- 6572003
TI  - Apolipoprotein E synthesis in human kidney, adrenal gland, and liver.
AB  - Human tissues were incubated in vitro with radiolabeled amino acids to determine
      whether plasma apolipoproteins are synthesized in human kidney. Subsequently,
      tissue extracts were screened with antisera directed against apolipoprotein E
      (apo E), apolipoprotein B (apo B), apolipoprotein AI (apo AI), and bulk
      apolipoproteins of high density lipoprotein (HDL). Newly synthesized apo E, but
      not apo AI or apo B, was identified in kidney and adrenal cortex. Estimates of
      relative rates of apo E synthesis in vitro suggest that a substantial portion of
      adrenal and kidney protein synthesis is committed to apo E synthesis. The
      relative rate of apo E synthesis was 4-6 times greater in kidney cortex than in
      kidney medulla. Analysis of immunoreactive apo E showed that kidney and adrenal
      apo E species have the same electrophoretic mobility in NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide
      gels as does plasma apo E. Further characterization by high resolution two
      dimensional gel analysis indicated that the isoforms of newly synthesized kidney
      and adrenal apo E correspond to specific isoforms of plasma apo E. These findings
      suggest that apolipoproteins arising from peripheral tissues may play an
      important role in lipid transport and metabolism.

PMID- 6572004
TI  - Metabolism and mechanism of action of formycin B in Leishmania.
AB  - Formycin B is a potent inhibitor of growth of the promastigote forms of
      Leishmania tropica, L. mexicana, L. braziliensis, and L. donovani. The metabolic
      products formed in these organisms are formycin B 5'-monophosphate and formycin A
      5'-mono-, di-, and triphosphates, with formycin A 5'-triphosphate predominating.
      In addition, formycin A is extensively incorporated into RNA. From the metabolic
      profile, we conclude that formycin B is first converted to the 5'-monophosphate
      by the nucleoside phosphotransferase found in Leishmania and is subsequently
      converted to cytotoxic adenosine nucleotide analogs of formycin A that become
      incorporated into RNA. The metabolism and mechanism of formycin B appears to be
      qualitatively similar to that of allopurinol riboside, but quantitative
      differences and species selectivity suggest that these agents may have a
      different spectrum of activity as potential anti-leishmanial agents.

PMID- 6572006
TI  - Thermodynamic efficiency of microbial growth is low but optimal for maximal
      growth rate.
AB  - Thermodynamic efficiency of microbial growth on substrates that are more oxidized
      than biomass approaches 24%. This is the theoretical value for a linear energy
      converter optimized for maximal output flow at optimal efficiency. For growth on
      substrates more reduced than biomass, thermodynamic efficiencies correspond to
      those predicted for optimization to maximal growth rate (or yield) only.

PMID- 6572005
TI  - Competitive advantage of diferric transferrin in delivering iron to
      reticulocytes.
AB  - Radioiron- and radioiodine-labeled forms of human diferric and monoferric
      transferrin and apotransferrin, isolated by preparative isoelectric focusing,
      were used to define transferrin-iron uptake by human reticulocytes. In mixtures
      of human diferric and monoferric transferrin, the diferric molecule had a
      constant 7-fold advantage in delivering iron to reticulocytes, as compared with
      the 2-fold advantage when single solutions of mono- and diferric transferrins
      were compared. This was shown to be due to competitive interaction in iron
      delivery, probably at a common membrane-receptor binding site for transferrin.
      Apotransferrin did not interfere with the iron-donating process and its limited
      cellular uptake was inhibited in noncompetitive fashion by diferric transferrin.

PMID- 6572007
TI  - Isolation of genomic DNA clones spanning the entire fibronectin gene.
AB  - Overlapping recombinant clones that appear to encompass the entire fibronectin
      gene have been isolated by step-wise screening of a library of chicken genomic
      DNA fragments. The first genomic clone was isolated by using a cloned fibronectin
      cDNA hybridization probe. The remaining clones were obtained by using defined
      fragments of this and successive genomic clones as probes. Their relationships
      and overlaps were determined by electron microscopy, restriction mapping, and
      heteroduplex analysis. Based on electron microscopic analysis of hybrids between
      these clones and fibronectin mRNA, the gene is approximately 48 kilobases long,
      more than 5 times larger than the corresponding mRNA. This large gene contains at
      least 48 exons interrupted by introns of highly variable size. The total exon
      size as estimated by R-loop analysis is 8 kilobases, similar to the mRNA for
      fibronectin. With the exception of the 3'- and 5'-terminal exons, the exons are
      small and roughly similar in size. The average exon size is 147 +/- 37 base
      pairs, corresponding to a protein unit of 50 amino acids. The nucleotide sequence
      of one of these exons was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence has marked
      homologies with one type of repetitive protein sequence unit known to exist in
      bovine fibronectin. These results suggest that the gene for fibronectin may have
      arisen by multiple gene duplications of a primordial gene or genes approximately
      equal to 150 base pairs long.

PMID- 6572008
TI  - Structural features of a phased nucleosome core particle.
AB  - Chicken erythrocyte inner histones associate with a cloned 260-base-pair (bp)
      segment of Lytechinus variegatus DNA in a unique location. The fragment contains
      a 120-bp segment encoding 5S rRNA, a 90-bp flanking sequence to the 5' side of
      the transcribed segment, and a 50-bp downstream flanking sequence. Association of
      DNA, uniquely labeled at one end or the other and at either the 3' or the 5'
      terminus of a given strand, with histones at 0.1 M ionic strength leads to
      formation of a compact complex which sediments at about 13 S. Analysis of cutting
      of the complex by DNase I shows that protection from the nuclease is confined to
      a region beginning 20 bp from the left end of the segment and extending to about
      165 bp from the left end. Within the protected region, the two DNA strands differ
      in their susceptibilities to the nuclease, the precise location of nuclease
      cutting sites and the spacing between these sites, and the relative
      susceptibilities of specific cutting locations. It seems that information present
      in DNA and the histone octomer is sufficient to create a precisely phased
      nucleosome in which interactions of the two DNA strands with histones are not the
      same. The structure of this unique nucleosome is not predicted by the
      intellectual model based on studies of mixed populations of nucleosome core
      particles.

PMID- 6572009
TI  - Alternate model for the cooperative equilibrium binding of myosin subfragment-1
      nucleotide complex to actin-troponin-tropomyosin.
AB  - In this paper we introduce an alternate model for the equilibrium binding of S-l
      N (S-l, subfragment l of myosin; N, nucleotide) on the troponin-tropomyosin-actin
      complex, including the influence of Ca2+ on this binding. In our previous model
      [Hill, T. L., Eisenberg, E. & Greene, L. E. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77,
      3186-3190], we assumed that each tropomyosin unit, including one troponin
      tropomyosin molecule and seven actin sites on the actin filament, could exist in
      two conformational states which presumably differed in the position of the
      tropomyosin on the actin. The binding of S-l-N or Ca2+ to the tropomyosin unit
      shifted the equilibrium between the two states but did not affect the intrinsic
      conformation of each state. In contrast, in the present model, we assume that
      tropomyosin can in principle occupy a continuum of positions on the actin
      filament. However, in any particular circumstance (N, Ca2+, salt, temperature),
      the tropomyosin occupies only a single position rather than existing in a dynamic
      equilibrium between two positions as in our earlier model. The binding of S-l-N
      or Ca2+ changes the position of tropomyosin on the actin filament and the exact
      position that the tropomyosin occupies depends on the nucleotide bound to S-l.

PMID- 6572010
TI  - Primary structures of bovine liver low molecular weight kininogen precursors and
      their two mRNAs.
AB  - By using a mixture of synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides as a probe, cloned cDNA
      sequences specific for low molecular weight (LMW) kininogen have been isolated
      from a cDNA library of bovine liver mRNA sequences. Nucleotide sequence analyses
      of cloned cDNA inserts have revealed that bovine liver LMW kininogens are encoded
      by at least two very similar but distinct mRNAs. The corresponding amino acid
      sequences show that the LMW kininogen precursors of the two types, composed of
      436 and 434 amino acid residues, both contain two internally homologous sequences
      in the amino-terminal portion between a signal peptide and a bradykinin moiety.
      The two mRNAs exhibit 15 nucleotide substitutions and 6 nucleotide
      deletions/additions in their protein-coding regions. The replacement of 13 amino
      acid residues and the deletions/additions of 2 amino acid residues in the two LMW
      kininogen precursors are all localized within the internally homologous regions,
      implying that these regions may be biologically significant in relation to the
      existence of two LMW kininogens. The nucleotide changes in the two mRNAs also
      occur in the limited portions that principally encode the internally homologous
      amino acid sequences. This suggests that the mRNAs are transcribed from the same
      gene to generate two LMW kininogen precursors differing only in the internally
      homologous sequences.

PMID- 6572012
TI  - The hollow bulb obturator: its fabrication using one denture flask.

PMID- 6572013
TI  - An accurate method for obtaining an improved shade determination.

PMID- 6572011
TI  - A seven-base-pair deletion in an intron of the albumin gene of analbuminemic
      rats.
AB  - Analbuminemic rats, which genetically lack serum albumin, have a mutation
      affecting albumin mRNA processing. Serum albumin genes were cloned from
      analbuminemic and normal parental Sprague-Dawley rats. Structural analyses of the
      two albumin genes showed that the gene from analbuminemic rats had a seven-base
      pair deletion in an intron. The deletion extended from base 5 to base 11 from the
      5' end of intron HI of the albumin gene. This deletion converted the sequence, G
      T-A-G-G-T, which is normally located at the 5' end of intron HI, to G-T-A-G-C-G.
      RNA blot hybridization of analbuminemic and normal rat liver nuclear RNA using a
      DNA fragment containing the intron HI as a probe showed that this intron sequence
      persisted in albumin mRNA precursors of analbuminemic rats.

PMID- 6572015
TI  - What you should expect from your independent accountant.

PMID- 6572014
TI  - The effect of surface treatment of dental stone with resins.

PMID- 6572016
TI  - Biotechnology: an overview.

PMID- 6572017
TI  - Protein engineering.
AB  - The prospects for protein engineering, including the roles of x-ray
      crystallography, chemical synthesis of DNA, and computer modelling of protein
      structure and folding, are discussed. It is now possible to attempt to modify
      many different properties of proteins by combining information on crystal
      structure and protein chemistry with artificial gene synthesis. Such techniques
      offer the potential for altering protein structure and function in ways not
      possible by any other method.

PMID- 6572018
TI  - Genetic manipulation of antibiotic-producing microorganisms.
AB  - The application of directed selection techniques and genetic engineering methods
      for manipulation of antibiotic-producing microorganisms is generating a new era
      in industrial microbiology. Modern methods, based on advances in the knowledge of
      the biosynthetic pathways and regulatory mechanisms involved in the induction and
      repression of genes involved in antibiotic synthesis, provide a means of
      increasing antibiotic activity. Hence, recombinant DNA and protoplast fusion
      methods are used to alter the genetics of antibiotic producers in a semirandom
      fashion for the development of novel hybrid antibiotics. Directed mutation and
      selection, protoplast fusion, and both semirandom and specific recombinant DNA
      methods are examples of alternative procedures for manipulating the biosynthetic
      pathways of microorganisms for strain improvement and for new hybrid antibiotic
      synthesis.

PMID- 6572019
TI  - [How to teach proper brushing force. Observation and diagnosis of used bristles].

PMID- 6572021
TI  - [Dental education in Japan--some problems and their management].

PMID- 6572020
TI  - [Application of thermodynamic wire to clinical orthodontics].

PMID- 6572022
TI  - [Psychology of pain].

PMID- 6572023
TI  - [Use of hydrocortisone solution for hemorrhagic shock in oral surgery].

PMID- 6572024
TI  - [Team approach in the treatment of cleft lip and palate].

PMID- 6572025
TI  - Observations on the significance of the thyroid gland to the dentist.

PMID- 6572026
TI  - Oral surgical consideration of the aged.

PMID- 6572027
TI  - Geriatric dentistry: a new specialty or a set of special skills for the general
      practitioner?

PMID- 6572028
TI  - A physiologic bitestick appliance for quadriplegics.

PMID- 6572030
TI  - Improving the quality of life for the elderly.

PMID- 6572029
TI  - Intraoperative autotransfusion in dentistry: review of the literature and report
      of a case.

PMID- 6572031
TI  - Prediction of sepsis in the multitraumatic patient by assays of lymphocyte
      responsiveness.
AB  - In vitro lymphocyte response to antigens, mitogens and in mixed lymphocyte
      culture were studied at intervals after injury in 31 patients with extensive
      trauma. Mean responses were significantly depressed up to 15 to 20 days.
      Responses were lower and the duration of suppression longer in those patients who
      become infected, and the suppression of response preceded the onset of infection.
      Extremely low responses were found in three patients who later died. This in
      vitro system is suitable for the serial monitoring of patients, as it reflects
      the extent of injury, infectious sequelae and prognosis. Its results are
      quantifiable and avoid the problems associated with repeated skin testing.

PMID- 6572032
TI  - Properdin factor B (Bf) and glyoxalase in Graves' disease.
AB  - Patients with Graves' disease were phenotyped for properdin factor B (Bf) and
      glyoxalase, which are coded for by genes mapping close to the HLA region on the
      sixth chromosome. Frequency data were analysed in relation to HLA-A, -B and -DR
      typing data. Diagnosis of Graves' disease was based on the usual criteria
      including elevated T3 and T4 levels and free T4 index and a homogeneous thyroid
      scan. Ninety-four patients with Graves' disease were phenotyped for properdin
      factor B (Bf) and 37 for red cells glyoxalase (GLO). HLA-A, -B and -DR antigens
      were typed in 94 patients using a lymphocyte microcytotoxicity assay. The
      frequency distribution of Bf and GLO alleles showed no significant differences
      from control subjects. This finding contrasts with the reports of an increased
      frequency of BfF1 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The difference in the
      two diseases which are both associated with an increased frequency of the antigen
      combination D8-DR3, is accounted for by linkage disequilibrium between B18 and
      BfF1.

PMID- 6572033
TI  - Low muscle levels of pyridoxine in McArdle's syndrome.
AB  - Pyridoxal phosphate is a covalently bound cofactor of glycogen phosphorylase.
      Phosphorylase is a major muscle protein and therefore represents a significant
      pool of pyridoxal phosphate. Muscle pyridoxine content was measured in three
      patients with myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's syndrome) in whom there was
      a marked diminution or absence of phosphorylase protein as determined by
      acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Total muscle pyridoxine in the patients with
      McArdle's syndrome (0.55 +/- 0.08 microgram/g wet weight, mean +/- SD) was
      markedly reduced compared with 11 human control subjects who had normal levels of
      muscle phosphorylase (total muscle B6 = 2.49 +/- 0.47). Despite such drastically
      low levels of muscle pyridoxine, these patients had no evidence of pyridoxine
      "deficiency." These results suggest that low muscle B6 in McArdle's syndrome
      represents the specific loss of pyridoxal phosphate normally bound to
      phosphorylase apoenzyme and imply that phosphorylase pyridoxal phosphate accounts
      for 75 to 80 percent of the total pyridoxine in normal human muscle.

PMID- 6572034
TI  - Acute leukemia after radiotherapy in a patient with Turcot's syndrome. Impaired
      colony formation in skin fibroblast cultures after irradiation.
AB  - Colonic polyposis and carcinoma developed in a woman with Turcot's syndrome at
      the age of 31 years; astrocytoma developed when she was 37. Her brother and
      sister had died of astrocytoma at the ages of 18 and 33 years, respectively.
      Progressive neutropenia developed in the patient three months after radiotherapy
      for her brain tumor and acute myelomonocytic leukemia 19 months after treatment.
      Three laboratories independently evaluated cultures of her skin fibroblasts for
      in vitro sensitivity to cell killing (loss of colony-forming ability) by x-rays.
      Survival assays consistently revealed slight but significant radiosensitivity in
      an early-passage (six to 10 doublings) fibroblast subculture. A later subculture
      (21 to 29 doublings) showed no abnormality, a possible effect of selective in
      vitro loss of radiosensitive cells.

PMID- 6572035
TI  - Leukemia and pregnancy.

PMID- 6572036
TI  - The activity of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and delta 4-5 isomerase in
      human follicular tissue.
AB  - The steroidogenic enzymes 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and delta 4-5
      isomerase (3 beta-HSD) that convert delta 5-hydroxysteroids to delta 4
      ketosteroids were measured in human follicular tissue collected during the
      follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. This study was done in order to
      determine whether 3 beta-HSD enzyme activity fluctuated during the follicular
      phase of the menstrual cycle and, if so, whether these changes were reflected by
      the concentration of steroids in the follicular fluid. A microsomal fraction was
      prepared from each of 14 follicular-phase follicles, and 3 beta-HSD enzyme
      activity was estimated by the amount of androstenedione synthesized in the
      presence of excess substrate (dehydroepiandrosterone) and cofactor (nicotinamide
      adenine dinucleotide). Androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, and progesterone
      were measured in the aspirated follicular fluid of each follicle. 3 beta-HSD
      enzyme activity was undetectable in the smallest (3 to 5 mm) follicles, increased
      in 5 to 6 mm follicles to 363.2 +/- 60 pmol of androstenedione per milligram per
      hour, and increased still further in 9 to 11 mm follicles to 5,000 +/- 200 pmol
      of androstenedione per milligram per hour. The increase in 3 beta-HSD enzyme
      activity was accompanied by an increase in the concentration of androstenedione
      in the follicular fluid as well as of progesterone in larger follicles. These
      data indicate that 3 beta-HSD activity increases during the follicular phase of
      the menstrual cycle. It is suggested that the primary product of the increased
      enzyme activity is androstenedione. Since androstenedione is the principal C19
      steroid produced by the ovulatory follicle and serves as a substrate for
      estradiol production, this increase in 3 beta-HSD activity may be important for
      the associated changes in the late follicular phase that lead to ovulation.

PMID- 6572037
TI  - Erythroleukemia and leukemic retinopathy.

PMID- 6572038
TI  - Toothbrush pressures of orthodontic patients.
AB  - The intention of this study was to determine whether toothbrushing pressures
      varied significantly between groups of orthodontic patients who were good
      toothbrushers and those who were poor toothbrushers. Seventy-two patients
      undergoing full-banded orthodontic treatment were selected from the author's
      practice and were subjectively paired by him according to their habitual oral
      hygiene. One group of thirty-six patients who habitually displayed poor oral
      hygiene was compared to a group of thirty-six patients who habitually displayed
      good oral hygiene. A specially designed strain gauge with a force-averaging
      feedback mechanism was attached to each patient's manual toothbrush, and the
      force with which that patient brushed was averaged and recorded in pounds. The
      poor brushers averaged 0.20 pound, whereas the average pressure of the good
      brushers was 0.89 pound. The statistical evidence indicates that the difference
      between the two groups is highly significant and is unlikely to be due to chance
      alone. This study has shown that toothbrush pressures can be easily and
      accurately measured. The attempt to objectify a single characteristic of
      toothbrushing behavior in an orthodontic population is an effort to avoid the
      medical model explanation of behavior vis-a-vis the nonspecific and subjective
      word attitude. Future studies will determine whether poor toothbrushers can be
      changed into good toothbrushers through the progressive acquisition of greater
      toothbrushing forces.

PMID- 6572039
TI  - Maturation of untreated normal occlusions.
AB  - The dental casts of 65 untreated normal occlusions were evaluated to determine
      the nature and extent of the developmental maturation process of the normal
      dentition. Six dental parameters were examined in the mixed dentition (9 to 10
      years), early permanent dentition (12 to 13 years), and early adulthood (19 to 20
      years). Results showed decreases in arch length and intercanine width; minimal
      overall changes in intermolar width, overjet, and overbite; and increases in
      incisor irregularity. Females showed more severe changes than males. The
      individual changes found were not correlated to changes in any of the other
      parameters measured. No associations or predictors of clinical value were found.
      The changes found in a sample of untreated normals were similar in nature but
      lesser in extent than postretention changes found in a sample of treated cases.

PMID- 6572040
TI  - Third molars: a review.
AB  - The influence of the third molars on the alignment of the anterior dentition is
      controversial. There is no conclusive evidence to indict the third molars as
      being the major etiologic factor in the posttreatment changes in incisor
      alignment. Various aspects related to the management of thd molars are discussed,
      and specific situations in which third molar extractions are contraindicated are
      illustrated.

PMID- 6572041
TI  - Adaptation of head posture in response to relocating the center of mass: a pilot
      study.
AB  - Relationships have been established between head posture and craniofacial
      morphology in both adults and children. The determinants of head posture are not
      yet understood. Does posture dictate form, or vice versa? This pilot study
      investigates the short-term effect of artificial forward relocation of the center
      of the mass of the head on postural adaptation in the sagittal plane. The
      observed responses are not systematically uniform and, in fact, are characterized
      by a lack of consistency and a high degree of intra- and interindividual
      variability.

PMID- 6572043
TI  - Frankel appliance therapy: orthopedic or orthodontic?

PMID- 6572042
TI  - Recreational and social activities of orthognathic surgery patients.
AB  - The present study examined changes in recreational and social activities after
      orthognathic surgery. Because this is often an expectation of patients seeking
      surgery, it was hypothesized that activity levels would increase gradually after
      surgery, particularly for patients who become more extroverted and for unmarried
      patients. Information on the frequencies of recreational and social activities,
      and the persons with whom these activities were performed, were obtained from 53
      patients in a self-administered questionnaire administered at least 2 days before
      surgery and again 3 weeks, 4 months, and 9 months after surgery. In addition,
      patients were assessed on introversion-extroversion before and after surgery. The
      results indicated that (1) for both married and single patients, recreational and
      social activities dropped immediately after surgery and gradually increased to a
      level similar to that prior to surgery at nine months after surgery; (2) contrary
      to expectations, the single patients over age 15 did not increase their
      recreational and social activities with friends of the opposite sex after
      surgery; and (3) the degree of change in introversion-extroversion after surgery
      was not associated with the degree of change in recreational and social
      activities performed with others. Implications for postsurgical adjustment of
      orthognathic patients and recommendations for future research are discussed.

PMID- 6572044
TI  - Lymphoblastic neoplasia in a homosexual patient with Kaposi's sarcoma.

PMID- 6572045
TI  - Nitrogenase reduction by electron carriers: influence of redox potential on
      activity and the ATP/2e- ratio.
AB  - The variation with redox potential of nitrogenase activity and the ratio of ATP
      hydrolyzed per two electrons transferred were measured using two systems: the
      dithionite/bisulfite couple at pH 7.4; and H2, hydrogenase, and ferredoxin at pH
      8.5. In both cases, the variation in nitrogenase activity with redox potential
      followed a theoretical Nernst plot for a two-electron process with an apparent
      midpoint potential of about -470 mV. The ratio ATP/2e- was about 4 under highly
      reducing conditions. However, above the apparent midpoint potential, the ratio
      ATP/2e- increased drastically, reaching values as high as 20. These data imply
      that a low redox potential must be maintained for efficient nitrogen fixation in
      vitro and in vivo.

PMID- 6572046
TI  - Tuberculosis of the greater trochanteric bursa.

PMID- 6572048
TI  - A modification for self-threading dentine pins.

PMID- 6572047
TI  - Immunogenetic studies of juvenile dermatomyositis: HLA-DR antigen frequencies.

PMID- 6572049
TI  - Psoriatic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6572050
TI  - An enigmatic wisdom tooth.

PMID- 6572051
TI  - Deaths associated with dentistry.

PMID- 6572052
TI  - Anaesthetic deaths.

PMID- 6572054
TI  - Toothache and cracked cusps.

PMID- 6572053
TI  - Excessive fluoridation in Kenya.

PMID- 6572055
TI  - A community study of fluoride tablets for school children in Portsmouth.

PMID- 6572056
TI  - Towards a professional profession.

PMID- 6572057
TI  - Patient's charges.

PMID- 6572058
TI  - The role of the dental hygienist.

PMID- 6572059
TI  - An anhydrous zinc polycarboxylate cement.

PMID- 6572060
TI  - The cleaning of dental diamond burs.

PMID- 6572061
TI  - Oral aspects of Rubenstein--Taybi syndrome.

PMID- 6572062
TI  - Spontaneous fracture of the genial tubercles.

PMID- 6572063
TI  - Hypophosphatasia.

PMID- 6572064
TI  - Equine dentistry.

PMID- 6572065
TI  - Dental practice planning and design.

PMID- 6572067
TI  - Myeloid cell differentiation in lymphoid blast crisis of CML.

PMID- 6572066
TI  - Cellular heterogeneity in a tissue culture cell line derived from a human bladder
      carcinoma.
AB  - To study heterogeneity in a cell line derived from a human bladder carcinoma
      (EJ), 7 clones were isolated at low passage and examined for differences in
      culture behaviour, ability to grow in agar and tumorigenicity in nude mice. The
      parent EJ line had several distinct chromosome populations (both diploid and
      tetraploid), grew in agar and produced tumours in nude mice. Three of the clones
      had pseudodiploid modes and 4 had either hypo- or hypertetraploid modes. The 7
      clones had 5 marker chromosomes in common but the combination of other marker
      chromosomes made each clone unique. No significant difference was found between
      the clones in the in vitro growth rate although analysis of in vitro culture
      behaviour showed heterogeneity in the pattern of cell movement on plastic
      substratum. Three clones were composed of static cells, one clone had very mobile
      cells; the other clones had rates of movement intermediate between the two.
      Differences were also found in the packing density of the cloned cells and in the
      cell size. All 7 clones grew in agar but heterogeneity was seen between the
      clones as shown by widely varying colony-forming efficiencies (0.5-13%). One
      clone had a high colony-forming ability in agar but failed to produce tumours in
      nude mice. The other clones were tumorigenic regardless of colony-forming
      efficiency in agar. Specific chromosome abnormalities were found to be associated
      with growth in agar and tumorigenicity but not with the growth pattern or the
      rate of movement of the cloned cells in culture.

PMID- 6572068
TI  - Environment and acute lymphatic leukemia.

PMID- 6572069
TI  - Induction of labour: a comparison of a single prostaglandin E2 vaginal tablet
      with amniotomy and intravenous oxytocin.

PMID- 6572070
TI  - Catalytic and molecular properties of a highly purified G type casein kinase from
      bovine lung tissue.
AB  - A preparation procedure has been worked out to obtain a highly purified G type
      (using GTP as well as ATP) casein kinase from large quantities of bovine lung
      tissue. It included ion-exchange (DEAE and phosphocellulose) and affinity (casein
      and ATP-Sepharose) chromatography combined with a flocculation step, and yielded
      an apparently homogeneous preparation with a 16% yield and a purification factor
      of more than 1400. The purified lung casein kinase used GTP (Km 16 microM) almost
      as well as ATP (Km 6.7 microM) and exhibited the major catalytic properties of
      the casein kinase G previously described in bovine adrenal cortex (Cochet, C.,
      Job, D., Pirollet, F. and Chambaz, E.M. (1981) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 658, 191
      201). Mg2+ (30-50 mM) and spermine (2 mM) were potent activators of lung casein
      kinase G activity, whereas the enzyme was inhibited by heparin and quercetin. The
      purified enzyme underwent self-phosphorylation in the presence of ATP or GTP,
      serine being the only target amino acid under these conditions, whereas both
      serine and threonine were phosphorylated by the enzyme in casein. Lung casein
      kinase G exhibited an apparent molecular weight between 140 000-160 000 upon gel
      filtration and appeared formed by the association of two different subunits upon
      SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The two subunits of Mr 38 000 (alpha) and
      27 000 (beta) exhibited a 2:1 ratio upon quantitative scanning, suggesting an
      alpha 3 beta 2 combination in the oligomeric native enzyme structure. Peptide
      mapping of the two isolated subunits following 125I-labeling and papain digestion
      did not disclose any common fragment. The casein kinase catalytic activity was
      found associated with the alpha (38 kDa) enzyme subunit after recovery from gel
      electrophoresis in the presence of SDS, whereas the 27 kDa (beta) subunit was the
      major target of the enzyme self-phosphorylation reaction. alpha and beta subunits
      appeared strongly associated in the oligomeric enzyme and the possible role of
      the beta subunit in the casein kinase G activity remains to be examined. The
      purified casein kinase G, which can be obtained by the present procedure, should
      facilitate the study of the biological significance of this phosphorylation
      system in the intact cell.

PMID- 6572071
TI  - Gangliosides of human acute leukemia cells.
AB  - We characterized the gangliosides from cells of eight patients with different
      forms of acute leukemia (four lymphoblastic, four nonlymphoblastic) by thin-layer
      chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography combined with
      glycosidase treatment. Our analysis indicated both quantitative and qualitative
      differences between the gangliosides of acute leukemia and those of normal
      leukocytes: 1, the absolute amount of ganglioside was decreased in the acute
      leukemia cells; 2, in general, acute leukemias had a more simplified ganglioside
      pattern in that they contained a greater proportion of the short-chain
      ganglioside, II3NeuAc-LacCer (GM#); 3, all of the acute leukemia cells contained
      reduced quantities of the ganglioside N-acetylneuraminosyl-lactotriaosylceramide,
      a compound previously found only in normal leukocytes; and 4, a disialylated
      ganglioside, II3(NeuAc)2-LacCer (GD3), which is not found in normal leukocytes,
      was isolated from the cells of one patient with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia.
      These findings demonstrate important differences between the gangliosides of
      acute leukemia cells and normal leukocytes.

PMID- 6572072
TI  - Stimulation of the formation of 13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2 alpha by
      gonadotropin in rat ovary.
AB  - Effects of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin on
      the formation of 13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2 alpha, a biologically active
      compound, were investigated in rat ovarian homogenate. The mass number of the
      compound, which was formed prostaglandin F2 alpha via 13,14-dihydro-15
      ketoprostaglandin F2 alpha in rat ovarian homogenate but was not produced in rat
      homogenate, accorded with that of the authentic 13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2
      alpha by negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. In the present
      experiment, the radioactivity of [3H]prostaglandin F2 alpha added to ovarian
      homogenate was decreased linearly and immediately until the incubation time of 10
      min. The formation of 13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2 alpha was increased up to 60
      min. The formation of 13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2 alpha from prostaglandin F2
      alpha was markedly increased by pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human
      chorionic gonadotropin. However, there was no additive or synergistic effect of
      these hormones. The formation of 13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2 alpha from 13,14
      dihydro-15-ketoprostaglandin F2 alpha weas also greatly stimulated by pregnant
      mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin. The formation of 13,14
      dihydro-15-ketoprostaglandin F2 alpha steeply declined until 24 h after treatment
      with human chorionic gonadotropin in pregnant mare serum gonadotropin-primed
      rats. In contrast, the formation of 13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2 alpha was
      markedly increased until 24 h after human chorionic gonadotropin treatment, and
      the level was about 2.5-fold higher than that at 0 h, 48 h after injection of
      pregnant mare serum gonadotropin.

PMID- 6572073
TI  - Factors affecting steroid and prostaglandin secretion by reproductive tissues of
      cycling and pregnant sows in vitro.
AB  - The secretion of prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F2 alpha by endometrial and
      corpus luteum tissues of cycling and pregnant sows in vitro has been measured and
      the effects of arachidonic acid and steroids on prostaglandin secretion studied.
      In general, both types of tissues in vitro exhibited a gradually increasing
      capacity to secrete prostaglandin as the cycle progressed, although the most
      significant increase was in prostaglandin F2 alpha secretion. An inverse
      relationship between prostaglandin and progesterone secretion was observed, and,
      while indomethacin inhibited prostaglandin secretion, it was without effect on
      progesterone. A much lower capacity for prostaglandin secretion was observed with
      tissues from pregnant sows. Prostaglandin secretion by endometrial and corpus
      luteum tissues of the cycle were stimulated by exogenous arachidonic acid which
      also stimulated prostaglandin E2 secretion in pregnant sows. This clearly
      suggests that phospholipase A2 activity which controls substrate availability is
      of considerable importance in pig reproductive tissues. The effects of steroid
      hormones on prostaglandin secretion by pig reproductive tissues was more complex
      although in general oestradiol appeared to be inhibitory while progesterone was
      stimulatory.

PMID- 6572074
TI  - Pregnenolone-binding components in the porcine adrenal gland.
AB  - The object of this study was to determine whether binding components for
      pregnenolone, analogous to those described in the adrenal cortex of guinea pigs
      and rats, were present in the porcine adrenal. A binding component for
      pregnenolone in the cytosolic fraction of porcine adrenal was demonstrated by
      sucrose density gradient centrifugation. It banded maximally at 9.6% sucrose
      (w/w) compared to 12.2% and 12.4% sucrose (w/w) for the plasma-binding component
      and serum albumin, respectively. At a pregnenolone concentration of 1 X 10(-5) M,
      specific cytosolic binding of 1 X 10(-8) M [3H]pregnenolone was decreased by 42%.
      The fractions from sucrose gradients which bound pregnenolone maximally contained
      3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-isomerase. The cytosolic supernatant of
      porcine adrenal gland was resolved by chromatography on hydroxyapatite into
      eleven fractions, four of which bound added pregnenolone and three of which
      displayed enzymatic activity. Electrophoretic analysis of the enzymatically
      active fractions in polyacrylamide gel showed that two of them were of
      heterogeneous composition, whereas the third, most enzymatically active, fraction
      consisted principally of one band of high molecular weight.

PMID- 6572075
TI  - Purification and characterization of NADP-dependent 7 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase from Peptostreptococcus productus strain b-52.
AB  - An NADP-dependent 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was purified 11.5-fold over
      the activity in crude cell extracts prepared from Peptostreptococcus productus
      strain b-52, by using Sephadex G-200 and DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. 7
      beta-Dehydrogenation was the sole transformation of bile acids catalyzed by the
      partially purified enzyme. The enzyme preparation (spec. act. 2.781 IU per mg
      protein) had an optimum pH of 9.8. Lineweaver-Burk plots showed a Michaelis
      constant (Km) value of 0.05 mM for 3 alpha, 7 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic
      acid whereas higher values were obtained with 3 alpha,7 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta
      cholanoyl glycine (0.20 mM), and 3 alpha,7 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoyl
      taurine (0.26 mM). NADP but not NAD could function as an electron acceptor, and
      had a Km value of 0.30 mM. A molecular weight of 64000 was determined by SDS
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The addition of 0.4 mM of either bile acid to
      the growth medium suppressed not only cell growth, but also the enzyme yield.

PMID- 6572076
TI  - A comparison of surface marker analysis and FAB classification in acute myeloid
      leukemia.
AB  - Surface marker analysis with rosette tests and a large panel of xenoantisera and
      monoclonal antibodies was done on the malignant cells of 55 patients with acute
      myeloid leukemia (AML). The diagnosis was made on morphological and cytochemical
      grounds, and the leukemias were classified according to the quantified FAB
      criteria. The marker tests included the E- and EA-rosette test,
      immunofluorescence with rabbit-polyclonal antisera against human Ig, kappa, and
      lambda light chains, thymocytes, granulocytes, erythrocytes, platelets, lysozyme,
      (leukemic) myeloblasts, the common ALL antigen, SB cell-line cells (anti-Ia), and
      a mouse anti-Ia serum. The monoclonal mouse antibodies applied were anti-T-cell
      antibody (3A1), two anti-granulocyte-monocyte antibodies (OKM1 and B2.12), four
      antigranulocyte antibodies (MI/N1, UJ 308, B4.3, and B13.9), an antiplatelet
      antibody (C17.28), anti-HLA heavy chains (w6/32.HLK), anti-Ia antigen (OKI1), and
      OKT10. AML cells from many patients lacked the expression of myeloid markers, and
      we found that a correlation existed between the relative maturity of the leukemia
      subtype and the extent of positivity for these markers. Surface marker analysis
      discriminated poorly between the "myeloid" and "monocytoid" subtypes; OKT10 and
      the "T-cell marker" 3A1 were often expressed on AML cells. In two cases of AML,
      there was an unexpected expression of platelet antigens with the monoclonal
      antiplatelet antibody. One of them, classified as M1, was ultrastructurally a
      megakaryoblastic proliferation with a positive reaction for platelet peroxidase.
      Only with the help of computerized analysis, was it possible to prove a clear
      correlation between the surface marker profile and the FAB classification.

PMID- 6572077
TI  - The effects of dexamethasone and tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate on plasminogen
      activator release by human acute myeloid leukemia cells.
AB  - This investigation was undertaken to examine the extent to which leukemic cell
      functions are susceptible to regulation in vitro and to investigate their
      heterogeneity in this regard. Since plasminogen activator release is known to be
      a modulatable cellular function that can be influenced by antiinflammatory
      steroids and tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA), the effect of these two
      compounds on the secretion of urokinase- or tissue-type enzymes by leukemic cells
      was studied. The release of both enzyme species could be stimulated or suppressed
      by these substances by mechanisms that were inhibitable by actinomycin-D and
      hence required transcription of new mRNA. Plasminogen activator release by cells
      from 41/45 patients with AML was either stimulated or inhibited by 10(-7) M
      dexamethasone, implying that most AML cells possess glucocorticoid receptors. In
      26/45 cases, the enzyme was inhibited by this steroid to less than 25% of control
      values. Pronounced inhibition of this degree was not encountered with normal
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Plasminogen activator secretion by AML cells was
      profoundly inhibited in 20/41 cases by 1 ng/ml TPA and stimulated in 8/41 cases.
      Leukemic blasts varied considerably in their response to dexamethasone and TPA.
      Plasminogen activator release should prove a sensitive means of monitoring the
      responses of AML cells to biologically active compounds.

PMID- 6572078
TI  - The secretion of plasminogen activators by human myeloid leukemic cells in vitro.
AB  - Peripheral blood cell preparation from 23 normal subjects and 72 patients with
      acute and 32 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia were cultured in vitro and
      released plasminogen activators were analyzed. The quantity of plasminogen
      activator secreted by leukemic cells varied widely and could not be correlated
      with the clinical severity of the disease. Immunochemical and electrophoretic
      techniques have been used to show that normal peripheral blood granulocytes
      released exclusively urokinase-like plasminogen activator, whereas leukemic cells
      secreted either urokinase or a tissue activator-like enzyme. The molecular
      species of enzyme released by acute myeloid leukemic cells may serve as a
      diagnostic marker of relevance to the management of this disease, since patients
      with acute myeloid leukemia whose cells released only tissue plasminogen
      activator did not respond to combination chemotherapy. Tissue plasminogen
      activators released by leukemic cells may display an unusual electrophoretic
      pattern that resembles that shown by urokinase. Immunochemical procedures are
      therefore essential for the correct identification of these enzymes.

PMID- 6572079
TI  - Serial in vitro bone marrow fibroblast culture in human leukemia.
AB  - Human fibroblast colony formation from bone marrow was performed in liquid
      culture. Fetal calf serum was used as a stimulator of the fibroblast colony
      formation. The colony formation took place not only in normal donors, but also in
      patients with acute leukemia and chronic myelocytic leukemia. At the diagnosis of
      the disease, significant colony suppression was observed in most cases of acute
      leukemia, while the number of colonies increased in half of the cases of chronic
      myelocytic leukemia. However, there was no correlation between the colony-forming
      efficiency and the initial number of peripheral platelets or bone marrow
      megakaryocytes that contained growth-promoting factor. The number of colonies
      increased after chemotherapy, recovered at the stage of complete remission, and
      then decreased to low levels at relapse in the patients with acute leukemia; it
      decreased after treatment with busulfan in the patients with chronic myelocytic
      leukemia. This fibroblast culture method is useful for counting fibroblast colony
      forming cells in the bone marrow of human leukemia.

PMID- 6572080
TI  - Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions in fetal leukocytes: are Auer bodies a
      recapitulation of fetal morphology?
AB  - Among the most striking morphological features of acute nonlymphoblastic
      leukemias (ANLL) is the occurrence of eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions known
      as Auer rods on Auer bodies. We examined immature myeloid cells from the
      peripheral blood of 9 human fetuses of 16-19 wk gestation for the presence of
      such structures. Five of these 9 samples contained cytoplasmic inclusions, which
      were identical to the Auer rods typically seen in blast cells from patients with
      ANLL. The incidence of positive cells was low (1-5 cells/10,000 cells surveyed).
      The inclusions were azurophilic with Wright-Giemsa staining and were
      cytochemically positive with peroxidase, acid phosphatase, and Sudan black
      staining. We observed no inclusions in identically prepared control myeloid cells
      from the bone marrow of 5 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission
      and 3 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in stable phase. Nor were they
      present in peripheral blood myeloid cells of 10 normal adults. Myeloid precursors
      in long-term bone marrow culture from 2 normal adult donors did not develop the
      inclusions during 24 hr of incubation with prostaglandin F2 (the abortifacient).
      These observations suggest that Auer rod formation is an occasional but normal
      phenomenon in fetal hematopoiesis.

PMID- 6572082
TI  - The professional corporation is not dead.

PMID- 6572081
TI  - Effects of prostaglandin E2 on fast and slow components of the response of the
      rat vas deferens to field stimulation.
AB  - 1 The response of the rat vas deferens to field stimulation with single pulses is
      biphasic. The first, rapid component of the response is dominant at the prostatic
      end and is thought by some to be mediated by non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic
      neurotransmission. The second, slower component predominates at the epididymal
      end and has the usual properties associated with adrenergic responses. 2
      Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 10(-8) to 10(-5) mol/l) inhibited the 'fast component'
      responses elicited by field stimulation of the prostatic vas from reserpine
      treated rats. The prostaglandin was more potent in the presence of 1.25 than 2.5
      mmol/lCa2+. 3 PGE2 (10(-7) to 10(-5) mol/l) had similar effects on prostatic
      preparations from normal rats, but was less active on these. 4 PGE2 (10(-9) to
      10(-5)mol/l) did not inhibit the 'slow component' responses resulting from field
      stimulation of the epididymal vas but rather, at the two highest concentrations
      used (5 x 10(-6) and 10(-5) mol/l), potentiated them. These high concentrations
      of the prostaglandin also potentiated the contractions of the epididymal vas
      elicited by exogenous noradrenaline. 5 These effects of PGE2 on the two
      components of the response of the rat vas deferens are not as might be expected
      from its inhibitory effects on the 'typical' adrenergic neurotransmission in
      several other sympathetically-innervated tissues.

PMID- 6572084
TI  - Canadian Council on Hospital Accreditation: worth watching.

PMID- 6572083
TI  - Taking in an associate.

PMID- 6572085
TI  - The flag sign of chemotherapy.
AB  - A case of horizontal pigmented bands developing within the hair of a patient on
      intermittent high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy is presented.

PMID- 6572086
TI  - Urinary 6-hydroxymethylpterin levels accurately monitor response to chemotherapy
      in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - We have recently shown that the levels of urinary 6-hydroxymethylpterin are
      highly elevated (3 to 20 fold) in a variety of human malignancies as compared to
      its urinary excretion in patients with nonmalignant diseases or normal healthy
      subjects. In the subsequent studies, this parameter has been shown to be a
      reliable index for accurately monitoring the response of patients with acute
      myeloblastic leukemia (AML) during chemotherapy. In this study, the excreted
      urinary levels of 6-hydroxymethylpterin as well as the bone marrow lymphoblast
      values were measured simultaneously in four patients with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia (ALL) during antileukemic therapy. Various drug regimens employed for
      treatment have also been indicated. A good correlation was seen between urinary
      pterin levels and % blasts during treatment, thus accurately monitoring remission
      or relapse of the disease in response to the antileukemic therapy. These results
      again conclusively show that the simple noninvasive determination of 6
      hydroxymethylpterin provides a reliable index of the total tumor load in acute
      lymphoblastic leukemic cases undergoing treatment.

PMID- 6572087
TI  - Hypocholesterolemia as a manifestation of disease activity in chronic myelocytic
      leukemia.
AB  - A patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia and hypocholesterolemia displayed
      marked fluctuations in plasma cholesterol in response to several therapeutic
      maneuvers. During chemotherapy there was a reciprocal relation between low
      density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and the degree of leukocytosis and
      splenomegaly. LDL cholesterol increased after splenectomy, but continued to cycle
      inversely with the leukocyte count. Receptor-mediated degradation of 125I-labeled
      LDL (125I-LDL) by mononuclear cells in vitro also showed cyclical changes which
      were unrelated to the number of immature myeloid cells in the population or the
      level of plasma cholesterol. 125I-LDL degradation rate was normal or slightly
      increased during relapse and after remission was achieved, but was greatly
      increased when tested during periods of remission induction. This patient
      illustrates that significant changes in plasma total and LDL cholesterol occur in
      chronic myelocytic leukemia in association with alterations in proliferative
      state. Tumor load, the presence of an enlarged spleen, and changes in lipid
      metabolism of circulating cells all appear to contribute to the reduction in LDL
      cholesterol levels.

PMID- 6572088
TI  - Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet's syndrome) and myeloproliferative
      disorders.
AB  - Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (ND) consists of the abrupt onset of red,
      tender, cutaneous plaques on the face, extremities, and upper trunk, accompanied
      by fever, malaise, and neutrophilic leukocytosis. Histologically, there are
      distinctive, dense, dermal infiltrates of neutrophils. Response to systemic
      steroids is dramatic. This report describes four patients with leukemia or
      preleukemia and ND (LND), reviews reports of 12 similar patients, and compares
      LND with ND in otherwise healthy individuals (idiopathic ND, IND). Although
      lesions of LND more frequently had vesiculobullous appearances or location on
      mucous membranes, this study showed no consistent difference between LND and IND
      with regard to cutaneous signs, symptoms, histologic findings, and response to
      therapy. The first episode of LND either preceded or followed documentation of
      the myeloproliferative disorder, and the most common associated hematologic
      conditions were acute myeloid or myelomonocytic leukemia. Moderate to severe
      anemia was present in nine of ten patients whose first episode of LND preceded
      the discovery of the hematologic condition by eight months or less. The presence
      of anemia is the most obvious and readily detectable difference between LND and
      IND. The possibility of an underlying myeloproliferative disorder should be
      considered in all patients with ND, and LND should not be confused with
      infectious complications in patients known to have myeloproliferative disorders.

PMID- 6572089
TI  - Successful medical management of neutropenic enterocolitis.
AB  - The medical management of neutropenic enterocolitis has been associated with a
      100% mortality rate according to recent reports. This report describes two cases
      which were successfully managed without colonic resection. In one case, 67Ga
      radionuclide scanning was utilized as an aid in the diagnosis. The incidence,
      pathogenesis, diagnosis, and previously reported cases of medical management of
      neutropenic enterocolitis are reviewed, and the role of granulocyte transfusions
      and 67Ga scanning are discussed.

PMID- 6572090
TI  - t(15;17) in a promyelocytic form of chronic myeloid leukemia blastic crisis.
AB  - Two simultaneous translocations, t(15;17) and t(9;22), have been observed in a
      chronic myelogenous leukemia patient with acute promyelocytic blastic crisis.
      After remission obtention only karyotypes with t(9;22) were present. The
      occurrence of the two translocations in the same cell argues in favor of the
      specificity of t(15;17) versus acute promyelocytic differentiation.

PMID- 6572091
TI  - Involvement of chromosome No. 20 in a complex Ph1 translocation.

PMID- 6572092
TI  - A possible specific chromosome marker for monocytic leukemia: three more patients
      with t(9;11)(p22;q24) and another with t(11;17)(q24;q21), each with acute
      monoblastic leukemia.
AB  - An apparently balanced 9;11 reciprocal translocation with break points most
      likely at 9p22 and 11q24 was found in 3 patients with acute monocytic leukemia
      [M5 in the French-American-British (FAB) classification schema]. This
      translocation was not observed in 6 other patients with M5 acute nonlymphocytic
      leukemia (ANLL) or in chromosome studies on 143 patients with other types of
      ANLL. This study supports the previously published suggestion that such 9;11
      translocations may be associated with some patients with M5 ANLL. In this report,
      we have also included a patient with M5 ANLL who had an 11;17 translocation with
      break points apparently at 11q24 and 17q21. Perhaps this is a variant
      translocation of chromosome No. 11, which may also be associated with monocytic
      leukemia.

PMID- 6572093
TI  - Hypotetraploidy in erythroleukemia.

PMID- 6572094
TI  - The clinical and cytogenetic significance of C-banding on chromosome #9 in
      patients with Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia.
AB  - The C-band polymorphism of chromosome #9 in 18 patients with chronic myeloid
      leukemia (CML) with a Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) translocation between
      chromosomes #9 and #22 was examined using C- and Q-banding techniques on the same
      metaphases and the classification proposed by Patil and Lubs [1]. The C-band
      polymorphism of chromosome #9 in CML was found not to differ in leukemic cells
      with the Ph1 and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes without the Ph1 and to
      have a clonal origin, i.e., to arise from a single cell in which the Ph1
      translocation has taken place. A comparison of the C-band polymorphism of
      chromosome #9, survival after diagnosis of the disease, and abnormal chromosomes
      in addition to the Ph1 indicates some interesting aspects. Patients with the
      smallest C-band (level 1) on chromosome #9 not involved in the Ph1 translocation
      and with a relatively large C-band (level 2) on chromosome #9 with the Ph1
      translocation (C9-1,2) tend to have no clonal evolution and short survival after
      diagnosis of the disease. On the other hand, patients with other types of C-band
      patterns tend to have evidence of clonal evolution and long survival. This study
      suggests that the C-banding pattern in Ph1-positive CML might be utilized as a
      prognostic parameter in the disease and that the C-segment might have biological
      activity.

PMID- 6572095
TI  - Monoclonal antibody against myeloid leukemia cell line (KG-1).
AB  - A murine monoclonal antibody (WI-5) was produced against a myeloid leukemia cell
      line (KG-1). The antibody was immunoglobulin G3K. It reacted only against KG-1
      cells and failed to react against 33 other cell lines representing fibroblasts,
      solid tumors, and cells of myeloid and lymphatic origin. It also showed no
      reaction against normal red blood cells, granulocytes, platelets, monocytes, and
      T- and B-lymphocytes. Similarly, there was no reaction against lymphocytes
      transformed by mitogens. Peripheral blood and bone marrow samples from acute
      granulocytic and acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic granulocytic leukemia,
      chronic granulocytic leukemia in blastic crisis, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
      failed to react with WI-5. It was suggested that WI-5 detected a unique antigen
      on KG-1 cells.

PMID- 6572096
TI  - Cytidine triphosphate synthetase activity in lymphoproliferative disorders.

PMID- 6572097
TI  - Adenosine deaminase and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase: biochemical
      markers in the management of chronic myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Serial determinations of adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in 69 patients with
      chronic myelogenous leukemia provided a biochemical marker of disease activity.
      Eighty-nine % of patients in the accelerated phase had an elevation of ADA
      activity. This elevation was not a direct reflection of an increased absolute
      blast count. Furthermore, five of seven patients studied serially from the stable
      phase into the accelerated phase had an increase in ADA activity before the
      absolute blast count increased. This is the first investigation which clearly
      demonstrates the potential value of measuring serial ADA activities in a large
      number of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia.

PMID- 6572098
TI  - Differential uptake of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(trans-4-methylcyclohexyl)-1
      nitrosourea and doxorubicin by Lewis lung carcinoma and Ridgway osteogenic
      sarcoma.

PMID- 6572099
TI  - Action of urea solutions on human enamel surfaces.

PMID- 6572100
TI  - Penetration of fluoride and chlorhexidine in human dental plaque in vitro.

PMID- 6572101
TI  - Distribution of fluoride in clinically sound enamel surfaces of permanent upper
      incisors.

PMID- 6572102
TI  - The association between dental caries incidence and two Streptococcus mutans
      populations in monkeys Macaca fascicularis.

PMID- 6572103
TI  - Anticariogenicity of dietary glycerol monolaurin in rats.

PMID- 6572105
TI  - Abstracts of papers presented at the 29th ORCA (European Organization for Caries
      Research) Congress. June 30-July 3, 1982, Annapolis, Md., USA.

PMID- 6572104
TI  - Lithium content, buffering capacity and flow rate of saliva and caries experience
      of Australian children.

PMID- 6572106
TI  - Crystallite diameters of enamel near the anatomical surface. An investigation of
      mature, deciduous and non-erupted human enamel.

PMID- 6572107
TI  - The regulated expression of beta-globin genes introduced into mouse
      erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - We have introduced a hybrid mouse-human beta-globin gene as well as the intact
      human beta-globin gene into murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells and have
      demonstrated that these genes are appropriately regulated during differentiation
      of the MEL cell in culture. The addition of chemical inducers to cotransformed
      cells results in a 5 to 50 fold increase in the level of mRNA transcribed from
      the exogenous globin gene. S1 nuclease and primer extension analyses demonstrate
      that these mRNAs initiate and terminate correctly. Nuclear transcription
      experiments indicate that induction of hybrid mRNA results at least in part from
      the increase in the rate of globin gene transcription. Furthermore, the induction
      appears to be specific for globin genes within an erythroid cell. These results
      permit the study of expression of the globin gene during erythroid
      differentiation and suggest that the specific induction of the globin gene is an
      inherent property of DNA sequences within or flanking the beta-globin genes.
      Moreover, the fact that the human and hybrid globin genes are both inducible in
      MEL cells suggests that these regulatory sequences are conserved between mouse
      and human cells.

PMID- 6572109
TI  - To splint or not to splint: concepts and controversy.

PMID- 6572108
TI  - DNA synthesizing activity during induced differentiation in mouse myeloid
      leukemia (M1) cells.
AB  - Mouse myeloid leukemia (M1) cells were induced to differentiate in vitro by
      treatment with dexamethasone. After 8 h of treatment, induction of phagocytic and
      lysozymic activities and depression of DNA synthesis started at the same time and
      proceeded irreversibly. DNA synthesis in the nuclear system reflected primarily
      DNA replication rather than repair and this activity declined during M1 cell
      differentiation.

PMID- 6572110
TI  - China: a dental expedition to a legendary land.

PMID- 6572111
TI  - Individual practice associations: are they part of dentistry's future?

PMID- 6572112
TI  - Causes of severe morbidity/mortality cases.

PMID- 6572113
TI  - Congress zeroes in on professional corporations.

PMID- 6572114
TI  - Quantification of lipoprotein cholesterol in serum from children with different
      lipoprotein profiles: heparin-calcium precipitation and ultracentrifugation
      compared.
AB  - We compared the serum lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in subgroups of
      children (n = 360), ages 5-17 years, as measured by the heparin-Ca2+ and
      preparative ultracentrifugation methods. Children were grouped from the total
      population on the basis of their previous results for serum beta- and pre-beta
      lipoprotein cholesterol (Group I: low beta- and low pre-beta-; Group II: high
      beta- and low pre-beta; Group III: high beta- and high pre-beta-; Group IV: low
      beta- and high pre-beta-). The values for very-low-density (VLDL) cholesterol by
      ultracentrifugation method were 44, 53, 15, and 10 mg/L greater than the values
      for pre-beta-lipoprotein cholesterol by the heparin-Ca2+ method in Groups I, II,
      III, and IV, respectively; the differences were not significant in Group IV. The
      values of low-density (LDL) cholesterol were 64, 137, 144, and 73 mg/L less than
      the values for beta-lipoprotein cholesterol in Groups I, II, III, and IV,
      respectively (p less than 0.005). On the other hand, high-density (HDL)
      cholesterol concentrations in the respective four groups were 10, 37, 93, and 52
      mg/L greater than alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations; the differences
      were significant for Groups II, III, and IV (p less than 0.005). Overall, the
      values for LDL-cholesterol correlated highly with beta-lipoprotein cholesterol (r
      = 0.94), whereas correlations for VLDL- and HDL-cholesterol values with pre-beta
      lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.76) and alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.77)
      were somewhat lower. The differences between these two methods may result from
      their different operational definitions for measuring serum lipoproteins and the
      possibility that without appropriate corrections the values obtained by
      preparative ultracentrifugation do not serve as reference values.

PMID- 6572116
TI  - Computed tomographic findings in primary mandibular osteosarcoma.
AB  - Osteosarcoma of the mandible is a rare tumour. Two cases examined by computed
      tomography (CT) are presented. The osteolytic, osteoblastic and extra-osseous
      components are excellently shown by CT. The attenuation coefficient of calcified
      and non-calcified osteoid is extremely variable, with densities ranging from +19
      to +320 EMI units. The extension of lesions into the pterygopalatine fossa,
      infratemporal fossa and cranial cavity are precisely defined on CT, information
      which is necessary for surgical and radiotherapy planning.

PMID- 6572115
TI  - Listerial brain abscess in a patient with leukemia: successful nonsurgical
      management.

PMID- 6572117
TI  - Supervised weekly rinsing with a 0.2% neutral NaF solution: results after 5
      years.
AB  - The effect on caries prevalence of the permanent dentition was evaluated after 5
      years of weekly rinsing (130 scheduled rinses) with a 0.2% neutral NaF solution.
      The program was conducted in the Three Village Central School District, New York,
      U.S.A. (F less than or equal to 0.1 part/10(6). First to sixth grade children who
      rinsed from 1 to 5 years respectively had a caries prevalence reduction of 45.3%
      (DMFT) and 47.4% (DMFS) compared to baseline scores of children who were examined
      before the rinsing program began. The highest caries reduction, 81.3%, was found
      on proximal surfaces. Two variables influenced the cariostatic benefits
      associated with fluoride rinsing. The younger that children entered the program
      and the longer that they rinsed, the greater were the accumulated benefits.

PMID- 6572118
TI  - Peer appraisal in Leicestershire Community Dental Service.
AB  - During the period 1976 to 1980 inclusively a form of staff appraisal amongst
      dental officers was introduced into the Community Dental Service in
      Leicestershire. The aim was to observe and review the output performance and
      potential of individual dental officers. In practical terms it was noticed that
      during this period there was a distinct change in work output and treatment
      patterns. Routine fillings and extractions showed a marked downward trend; the
      number of crowns per operator, the number of orthodontic appliances fitted, the
      number of root treatments performed, the patients radiographed and, above all,
      the total visits per full time equivalent dental officer all showed a noticeable
      and at times a highly pronounced increase. Although the downward trend in
      fillings and extractions reflects what now appears to be the overall tendency in
      developed countries, it is felt that the increase in other items was, to a large
      extent, due to peer appraisal.

PMID- 6572119
TI  - Utilization of the Danish Youth Dental Care Scheme among 1655 16-22-year-old
      males and females.
AB  - The present study attempts to establish operational criteria which can be used in
      the evaluation of the Youth Dental Care Scheme (YDCS) established in Denmark in
      1965. The utilization of the YDCS is studied in a population of 1655 16-22-year
      old males and females all of whom had attended the Public Child Dental Care in
      the municipality of Aarhus. Data on enrollment and use of the YDCS were collected
      using an official data base established with the purpose of administering the
      YDCS and by a mailed questionnaire. The study showed that enrollment rate was
      approximately 80% for those individuals who had just left Public Child Dental
      Care. For individuals who had left Public Child Dental Care 4-5 years earlier,
      the enrollment rate was 74%. Enrollment rate at a given time did, however, prove
      not to be a valid measure for the utilization. The study thus showed that only
      65% of the individuals had been constant users for 4-5 years after they had left
      Public Child Dental Care. Women were more frequently constant users than men.
      Individuals from the higher social groups were more frequently constant users
      than individuals from the lower social groups.

PMID- 6572120
TI  - Periodontal treatment need of the Finnish population aged 30 years and over.
AB  - A representative sample (n = 8000) was drawn from the population aged 30 years
      and over, registered as living in Finland. Periodontal disease status was
      recorded according to the modified Periodontal Treatment Need System (PTNS).
      Plaque retentions were examined separately. Of the subjects with four or more
      teeth 3.4% had a healthy periodontal status, while 10.2% of the jaw quadrants
      were healthy. Plaque retentions were found in 96.6% of the subjects and 90.9% of
      the jaw segments. Periodontal treatment need was calculated in three ways and was
      195 +/- 111 (S.D.) min when the calculation was based on WHO recommendations
      (1978). Number of teeth, age, sex, caries and filling scores, and education
      explained about 30% of the treatment need when tested by multiple linear
      regression analysis.

PMID- 6572121
TI  - Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative
      dental care.
AB  - A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative
      dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is
      presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the
      variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous
      estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for
      the external validity of the model is presented.

PMID- 6572122
TI  - Epidemiologic indices for pulp treatment and extraction of primary molars.
AB  - The purpose of the present study is to introduce and discuss four indices to be
      used in epidemiologic recording of pulp treatment and extraction of primary
      molars. The indices are constructed on the basis of the four combinations
      existing between pulp treatment/no pulp treatment and extraction/no extraction.
      The NPE-index (No Pulp treatment or Extraction) reflects the relative number of
      teeth which are neither extracted nor pulp treated. EPM-index (Extracted Primary
      Molars) reflects the relative number of teeth, which have been extracted. PPM
      index (Pulp treated Primary Molars) reflects the relative number of teeth which
      have been pulp treated. PNE-index (Pulp treatment No Extraction) reflects the
      relative number of pulp treated and not extracted teeth.

PMID- 6572123
TI  - Differentiating regular from irregular dental attenders of either sex by linear
      discriminant analysis.
AB  - The present article describes an attempt to improve the prediction of dental
      attendance, results by using an additional number of variables and performing
      discriminant analyses, done separately for men and women. It appears that regular
      and irregular dental attenders might be discriminated on the basis of
      mathematically combined variables and interactions. The (number of) variables
      selected by the analysis to differentiate regular from irregular male attenders
      differ(s) from those selected for female attenders. About 80% of all respondents
      can be classified correctly, but this is largely due to the assignment of actual
      regulars to classified regulars. The use of differing sets of prior probabilities
      affects the classification results, namely, either the classification of the
      regulars or that of the irregulars improves. In the discussion attention is given
      to the seemingly contradictory results of the Mann-Whitney tests per variable on
      the one hand and the discriminant analyses on the other. In this connection, the
      finding that 'education' plays a different role for men than for women is
      discussed. The validity of the variable 'last visit' is dubious. It is concluded
      that when differentiating regulars from irregulars, a division of the respondents
      according to sex makes sense because of the (number of) variables associated with
      their regular dental attendance. Furthermore, it seems warranted to say that the
      classification of the irregulars fails because the reversed scores on the
      variables with which the regulars are classified don't contain all information
      needed for the prediction of irregular dental attendance. Lastly, notwithstanding
      the use of more variables in the present study, the results are not better than
      those in the previous one, in which just three factors were used.

PMID- 6572124
TI  - Epidemiologic study of oral cancer in Fars Province, Iran.
AB  - From January 1962 to December 1978, 381 consecutive cases of oral cancer in Fars
      Province were analyzed and studied. The incidence of oral cancer was found to be
      1.13/100 000. The male/female ratio was 5:1, the median age of oral cancer was 55
      years. 97% of the oral cancer was squamous cell carcinoma. The most commonly
      affected oral site was the lower lip, next was the tongue. Tobacco smoking and
      opium addiction were more common among the affected compared with the control
      group. Dental sepsis and poor oral hygiene were common in both groups.
      Malnutrition, anemia and liver dysfunction were common in the examined sample and
      are thought to be possible causative factors especially in those with no smoking
      habits. The role of general dental practitioners was limited, they suspected and
      referred only 13 advanced cases.

PMID- 6572125
TI  - Malocclusion in Lagos, Nigeria.
AB  - 617 schoolchildren 10-19 years of age were examined in order to assess the
      prevalence of malocclusion in a population sample in Lagos. Class I occlusion
      accounted for 76.8%, followed closely by Class II malocclusion, 14.7%, and Class
      III malocclusion, 8.4%. Crowding was recorded in 15.1% of the cases, most of
      which occurred anteriorly. The present study shows some interesting differences
      in the prevalences of malocclusions compared to studies on Caucasian subjects.

PMID- 6572126
TI  - An epidemiologic survey of oral health in Swaziland.
AB  - An epidemiologic survey of oral health was conducted on 480 schoolchildren and
      400 adults in Swaziland. Age groups 7, 14, 20-24 and 35-44 were selected, and
      nine sampling sites were chosen in various parts of the country. Oral hygiene was
      generally poor, visible soft deposits being prevalent in all age groups and
      calculus in adults. Advanced periodontal disease was present in most people over
      35 years of age, and intense gingivitis was widespread in all age groups. Dental
      caries was found to be a common problem, affecting practically every person, in
      many cases quite severely. There was a tendency towards accumulation of the
      disease in children. Some geographic variation was found in the prevalence and
      severity of dental caries and periodontal disease. An additional sample of
      privileged children was examined, and among these children 14-year-olds showed
      significantly higher DMFS values than their age mates in the rest of the country.
      Tooth defects, including fluorosis, and oral mucosal diseases did not seem to
      constitute severe problems of oral health in Swaziland. On the basis of these
      data a public dental health program has been initiated which emphasizes
      prevention.

PMID- 6572127
TI  - Retrospective review of 350 patients referred to a TMJ clinic.
AB  - The records of 350 consecutive patients referred 2 1/2 years previously were
      examined retrospectively for clinical findings, diagnoses and observations
      related to treatment. There was a good correlation between the severity of
      symptoms reported by the patients in a questionnaire at the first visit and the
      clinical dysfunction index. The female patients had higher dysfunction index
      values than the men, while the occlusal index was equally distributed in both
      sexes. The most frequently used treatment methods were bite planes, occlusal
      adjustment and jaw exercises. There was a wide variation in the length of the
      treatment period and number of visits but the median values for these variables
      were 3 and 4 months, respectively, which is encouraging in view of the fact that
      the duration of the symptoms before the start of treatment was more than 6 months
      in two-thirds of the patients. Patients who had reported severe symptoms and
      those who were in a "poor social situation" had higher clinical dysfunction index
      values at the first visit, had more visits to the clinic and required a longer
      treatment period than others but they did not differ regarding the evaluation of
      the clinical situation at termination of treatment.

PMID- 6572128
TI  - Combined effects of a fluoride dentifrice and mouthrinse on the incidence of
      dental caries.
AB  - 751 14- and 15-year old children completed a 3-year, double-blind, caries
      preventive program. The effects of daily, supervised toothbrushing with an 0.76%
      sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrice, rinsing with a 0.05% sodium fluoride
      mouthrinse, and the combined effects of the two treatments were investigated.
      Both the dentifrice and mouthrinse reduced the incidence of dental caries, but
      their combined use at the same time had no greater effect than either used alone.

PMID- 6572129
TI  - An XX male with a single STS gene dose.
AB  - There is substantial evidence that many XX males arise from an X/Y interchange,
      so that a terminal Xp segment carrying the Xg locus, but not the neighboring
      steroid sulfatase (STS) locus, is replaced by part of the Y chromosome. We show
      here that one of the two X chromosomes of an XX male with low intracellular
      levels of STS does not express the STS gene.

PMID- 6572130
TI  - Computers in dentistry. Part 5. Software.

PMID- 6572131
TI  - The future of dentistry. Part I.

PMID- 6572132
TI  - [Prostaglandin distribution in 2-phase systems and their incorporation into
      liposomes].

PMID- 6572133
TI  - Treatment of L-asparaginase allergic reaction.
AB  - The treatment of an allergic reaction to L-asparaginase is discussed in the
      presentation of a case of a 26-year-old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia who
      was undergoing methotrexate-L-asparaginase rescue therapy. The possible mechanism
      of action of L-asparaginase is reviewed, and precautions for use of L
      asparaginase in combination therapy with methotrexate are presented.

PMID- 6572134
TI  - [Acute leukaemic course of centroblastic-centrocytic non-Hodgkin lymphomas].
AB  - Despite histologically limited malignancy blastic leukaemia developed in two
      patients with centroblastic-centrocytic malignant lymphoma. Blastic cells were
      peroxidase- and PAS-negative, whereas alpha-naphthylacetate-esterase was
      predominantly positive. In one case blastic acid phosphatase showed a positive
      reaction. Despite multiple therapeutic attempts remission of acute leukaemia
      could not be achieved. Centroblastic-centrocytic malignant lymphoma is thus not
      only endangered by the histologic transformation to higher malignancy but also by
      the development of blastic leukaemia. Among our 18 patients with centroblastic
      centrocytic lymphomas these two patients were the only to develop terminal
      blastic leukaemia. There was no leukaemic course in ten primarily centroblastic
      malignant lymphomas. The association of haematologic acute blastic leukaemia and
      simultaneous diffuse lymphnode swelling and enlargement of the spleen must lead
      to consideration of blastic leukaemia originating from a centroblastic
      centrocytic lymphoma.

PMID- 6572135
TI  - [Effect of geometric parameters on the magnitude and spatial distribution of
      thermal stresses in metal ceramic crowns].

PMID- 6572136
TI  - [Biomechanics of the human temporomandibular joint (a study of the functional
      structures of the os temporale in the sagittal-vertical plane)].

PMID- 6572137
TI  - [FGP (functionally generated path)--long-term therapy in chronic
      temporomandibular joint injuries following surgical intervention].

PMID- 6572138
TI  - [Scattering of the readings of bite records by hand and by arrow point tracing].

PMID- 6572139
TI  - [Projection-related measurement errors in axial pantography].

PMID- 6572140
TI  - [Sagittal hinge axis movement and the temporomandibular x-ray picture].

PMID- 6572141
TI  - [Recurrences after ramus osteotomy with different forms of osteosynthesis].

PMID- 6572142
TI  - [Effects of preformed crowns on periodontal health in deciduous and mixed
      dentition].

PMID- 6572143
TI  - [Tension relaxation in plastic dentures].

PMID- 6572144
TI  - [Critical comments on the subject of gnathology].

PMID- 6572145
TI  - Methods for the treatment of twin pregnancy in the mare.
AB  - Within a group of 130 mares which, in the event, carried twin pregnancies, 29
      (22.3 per cent) produced their twins following diagnosis of a single palpable
      follicle at service and a single pregnancy 42 days later. The whole group of 130
      twin-pregnant mares gave birth to only 17 live foals (13 per cent). Breeding
      results for the following season were available for 102 of these mares, when 38
      (37 per cent) produced live foals. Thus over the two seasons an average 23 per
      cent of this group produced live foals. In a second group, comprising 70 mares,
      twin pregnancy had been diagnosed in all of them by rectal palpation. Five
      methods of treatment were then applied to five subgroups of mares and 20 (28 per
      cent) of the 70 mares produced live foals that season. Breeding results for the
      following season were available for 53 of these mares; 33 (61 per cent) then
      produced live foals. Thus over the two seasons an average 46 per cent of the
      treated group produced live foals. The administration of a prostaglandin analogue
      at less than 35 days of gestation was outstandingly successful as a method of
      treatment.

PMID- 6572146
TI  - Affinity labeling of arginyl residues at the catalytic region of estradiol 17
      beta-dehydrogenase from human placenta by 16-oxoestrone.
AB  - 16-Oxoestrone inhibited competitively the activity of estradiol 17 beta
      dehydrogenase from human placenta against estradiol in phosphate buffer (pH 7.2),
      suggesting reversible binding of 16-oxoestrone to the substrate-binding site. 16
      Oxoestrone irreversible inactivated the estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase in borate
      buffer (pH 8.5) in a time-dependent manner, following pseudo-first-order
      kinetics. The rate constant (k3) obtained for the inactivation by 16-oxoestrone
      was 8.3 x 10(-4) s-1. The rate of inactivation was significantly decreased by
      addition of estrone, estradiol, estriol, NAD(H) and NADP+. Also, the rate was
      reduced markedly by 2'AMP, 5'ATP and 2',5' ADP, but not by NMN(H) and 3
      pyridinealdehyde adeninediphospho nucleotide. The inactivation by 16-oxoestrone
      was neither prevented by sodium azide nor influenced by light. From these data,
      16-oxoestrone, an alpha-dicarbonyl steroid, was suggested to inactive estradiol
      17 beta-dehydrogenase by modification of arginyl residues located around the
      substrate-binding site of the enzyme. Biphasic inactivation of the enzyme by 16
      oxoestrone was observed with an increase of modified arginyl residues. The first
      phase of the inactivation was regarded as an affinity labeling of the arginyl
      residues at or near the substrate-binding site of the enzyme. Stoichiometry of
      the inactivation indicated that two arginyl residues were essential for
      maintenance of the enzyme activity. The second phase was considered as chemical
      modification of the arginyl residues outside of the catalytic region of the
      enzyme.

PMID- 6572147
TI  - Calmodulin stimulation of adenylate cyclase of intestinal epithelium.

PMID- 6572148
TI  - Bacteriocin and flow cytometry in laboratory diagnosis of leukemic peripheral
      blood lymphocytes and bone marrow cells.
AB  - The bacteriocin, colicin HSC10, produced by Escherichia coli HSC10, was studied
      as a laboratory tool for detection and differentiation of leukemic from normal
      lymphocytes in human peripheral blood. Flow cytometry studies detected DNA loss
      in bacteriocin-affected cells by computerized histograms. Differential analysis
      is given for the peripheral blood of 26 individuals using bacteriocin,
      cytochemistry and surface markers. Sensitivity to colicin was detected in 10
      (83%) of the 12 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemias and other leukemias
      with morphologically immature lymphocytes. Cells were lost from the G0/G1 phase
      and accumulated in the 'pre-G1' channels of the histogram, indicative of cells
      with reduced DNA content. The lymphocytes of 14 normals, however, were not or
      only slightly affected by the bacteriocin (P less than 0.001). Similarly, normal
      bone marrow cells exposed to bacteriocin remained unaffected (P greater than
      0.2). Thus, immaturity per se was not recognized by bacteriocin. The bacteriocin
      effect was more discriminatory than other laboratory tests reported here and in
      most cases differentiated malignant from normal cells.

PMID- 6572149
TI  - Induction of differentiation of human acute non-lymphocytic leukemia cells in
      primary culture by inducers of differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cell
      line HL-60.
AB  - Leukemia cells from patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia were treated
      with various inducers of differentiation of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell
      line HL-60. All cells in 14 specimens tested underwent morphological, functional
      and histochemical changes after treatment with some inducers of differentiation
      of HL-60 cells, but the most effective inducer varied for different specimens.
      These results suggest that treatment with some inducers should be effective for
      inducing most acute myeloid leukemia cells to differentiate into morphologically
      and functionally mature granulocytes and macrophages.

PMID- 6572150
TI  - Rapid reduction in parvalbumin concentration during chronic stimulation of rabbit
      fast twitch muscle.
AB  - Chronic indirect stimulation of fast twitch rabbit muscle induced a rapid
      reduction in parvalbumin concentration. When compared to the unstimulated
      contralateral muscle, parvalbumins were reduced to 55% following 6 days of
      stimulation. Prolonged stimulation further reduced parvalbumins so that they were
      undetectable after 28 days. The time course of these changes appears to be
      related with the previously observed changes in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

PMID- 6572151
TI  - Human luteal tissue prostaglandins, 17 beta-estradiol, and progesterone in
      relation to the growth and senescence of the corpus luteum.
AB  - Prostaglandins (PG) E2 and F2 alpha, the 13,14-dihydro-15-keto metabolite of PGF2
      alpha, 17 beta-estradiol, and progesterone (P) were measured in luteal tissues
      obtained from 28 women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy for various benign
      gynecologic conditions. The highest concentration of PGF2 alpha was found in
      corpora lutea in the late luteal phase, in which the P concentration was lower
      than in corpora lutea from earlier phases of the cycle. In postovulatory corpora
      lutea, PGF2 alpha levels were low, while those of PGE2 and P were high. A
      positive correlation existed between concentrations of P and PGE2 in luteal
      tissues throughout the cycle. The results suggest that PGE2 may exert a trophic
      influence on luteal steroidogenesis and that PGF2 alpha is involved in human
      luteal regression.

PMID- 6572152
TI  - A dental insurance primer.

PMID- 6572153
TI  - Who carries out the garbage at the end of the day or the challenge of
      communicating effectively in the dental office.

PMID- 6572155
TI  - Investments to beat inflation.

PMID- 6572154
TI  - How to bring about radiography credentialing on the state level (part II).

PMID- 6572156
TI  - How safe are you from a malpractice suit?

PMID- 6572157
TI  - What dental hygienists think makes for a good (and bad) boss.

PMID- 6572158
TI  - How to translate production into practice income.

PMID- 6572159
TI  - Everything you always wanted to know about IRAs.

PMID- 6572160
TI  - Practicing patient dentistry.

PMID- 6572161
TI  - Decreased acquisition of glucocorticoid resistance in tetraploid human lymphoid
      cells.
AB  - Resistance to dexamethasone (1 microM) was measured in glucocorticoid-sensitive
      diploid and tetraploid clones of the human leukaemic cell line CCRF-CEM (clone
      C7) during continuous culture and after X-ray or chemical mutagenesis. In
      continuous culture resistant diploid cells accumulated at a rate of about one
      cell per 10(5) divisions, while the rate for tetraploid cells was less than one
      per 10(7) divisions. Chemical and X-ray mutagenesis caused a marked increase in
      the number of resistant diploid cells but had very little effect on tetraploid
      cells. These results are consistent with a mutational basis for the acquisition
      of the glucocorticoid-resistant phenotype in human lymphoid cells.

PMID- 6572162
TI  - Urinary thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin E2 in the hepatorenal syndrome: evidence
      for increased vasoconstrictor and decreased vasodilator factors.
AB  - Vasodilatory prostaglandins function to maintain renal perfusion in patients with
      cirrhosis and ascites. To evaluate the potential contribution of the vasodilator
      prostaglandin E2 and the vasoconstrictor metabolite thromboxane B2 to the
      development of the hepatorenal syndrome, we measured urinary excretion of these
      products in 14 patients with hepatorenal syndrome and in control populations with
      acute or chronic liver or kidney failure. Radioimmunoassay measurements were
      confirmed by bioassay and by mass spectrometry. Prostaglandin E2 was decreased
      compared with healthy controls (2.2 +/- 0.3 vs. 6.3 +/- 0.8 ng/h, p less than
      0.01) and compared with acute renal failure (9.6 +/- 2.1 ng/h) and with alcoholic
      hepatitis (9.2 +/- 3.3 ng/h). Thromboxane B2 concentration was normal in patients
      with alcoholic hepatitis (0.12 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.15 +/- 0.03 ng/ml) and minimally
      increased in acute renal failure (0.18 +/- 0.15 ng/ml), but markedly elevated in
      hepatorenal syndrome (0.69 +/- 0.15 ng/ml, p less than 0.001). Urinary
      thromboxane B2 concentration fell with improved renal function in 3 patients who
      survived. These data suggest an imbalance of vasodilator and vasoconstrictor
      metabolites of arachidonic acid in patients with the hepatorenal syndrome.

PMID- 6572163
TI  - Demonstration of a pH gradient at the luminal surface of rat duodenum in vivo and
      its dependence on mucosal alkaline secretion.
AB  - The relationship between surface epithelial alkaline secretion and pH at the
      mucosal cell surface was studied in the duodenum of anesthetized rats. Alkaline
      secretion was measured by direct titration in situ using perfused segments of
      duodenum just distal to the Brunner gland area and devoid of pancreatic and
      biliary HCO3-. Mucosal surface pH was measured by advancing a pH-sensitive
      antimony microelectrode from the luminal solution to the mucosal cell surface
      during continuous recording of pH. Acidification of the luminal solution markedly
      stimulated epithelial alkaline secretion: a change of luminal pH from 7.60 to
      5.00 by approximately 100%, and from pH 7.60 to 2.00 by approximately 600%.
      Maximal pH in the immediate vicinity of the (luminal) cell surface remained at or
      slightly above neutrality during exposure to both luminal acidities.
      Prostaglandins (E2, 16,16-dimethyl E2, and F2 alpha, 3-140 microM luminally)
      increased the rate of alkaline secretion, surface alkalinity, and thickness of
      the pH gradient. Acetazolamide (40-80 mg/kg, i.v.) was a much more potent
      inhibitor of prostaglandin or acid-stimulated secretion than of basal alkaline
      secretion and decreased surface pH in acid-exposed duodenum. Aspirin (30 mg/kg,
      i.v.) had no effect on basal alkaline secretion (titrated at luminal pH 7.60) but
      significantly inhibited secretion at luminal pH 2.00, resulting in a decrease of
      surface pH. These data suggest that endogenous prostaglandins may be involved in
      mediating the alkaline response to luminal acid. Furthermore, because it is
      quantitatively sufficient to maintain neutral pH at the mucosal cell surface at
      luminal acidities normally encountered within the duodenal bulb, epithelial
      alkaline secretion presumably has an important role in duodenal protection
      against acid.

PMID- 6572164
TI  - Isolation and preliminary characterization of human intestinal macrophages.
AB  - Methods for the isolation and culture of macrophages from normal human intestine
      are described. After disaggregation using sequential treatments of
      dithiothreitol, ethylenediaminetetraacetate, collagenase, and deoxyribonuclease,
      Percoll density gradients (1.064 SG) produced single cell suspensions from which
      macrophages were readily purified by adherence to plastic. Macrophages were
      characterized by morphology, phagocytosis, cytoplasmic staining for nonspecific
      esterase, presence of membrane Fc receptors, Ia-like antigens, and lysozyme
      synthesis and secretion. In 10 separate experiments, recovery of viable
      mononuclear cells was 2.9 +/- 0.6 x 10(6) cells/g of mucosa. Thirty percent of
      these cells were phagocytic. After adherence to plastic, the macrophage recovery
      was 1.05 +/- 0.2 x 10(6) cells/g mucosa and 90% +/- 0.4% of the adherent cells in
      the monolayer were phagocytic. Fifty-five percent of the adherent cells showed Fc
      receptors for immunoglobulin G, while 94% expressed the Ia-like antigen on their
      membrane. The successful isolation and culture of human intestinal macrophages in
      large numbers will allow detailed study of their role in the mucosal immune
      response in health and disease.

PMID- 6572165
TI  - Variations between individuals in cerebrovascular responsiveness.
AB  - 1. Despite extensive research no explanation has been put forward to account for
      the fact that cerebral arterial spasm complicates the course of disease of many
      but not all patients suffering from rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. Although
      vasoactive material in hemorrhagic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) most probably is of
      major importance in the pathophysiology of delayed cerebral vasospasm, recent
      studies have failed to demonstrate a correlation between CSF vasoconstrictor
      activity and the development of delayed cerebral vasospasm. 2. In the present
      study the reactivity of isolated human pial arteries to various vasoactive agents
      [prostaglandin F2 alpha, noradrenaline, serotonin, human plasma and CSF from
      patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)] was investigated. 3.
      There was a very marked variability in the spectrum of responses between arteries
      from different individuals with regard to the contractile responses to plasma,
      hemorrhagic CSF and amines. On the other hand, the contractions produced by
      prostaglandin F2 alpha and potassium were consistent. 4. The markedly individual
      profile in terms of reactivity toward vasoactive substances emphasizes the
      importance of a human cerebral vessel wall factor and may explain the capricious
      occurrence of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal SAH.

PMID- 6572166
TI  - Aortic coarctation: the in vitro response to noradrenaline, potassium and
      prostaglandin F2 alpha in intercostal arteries.

PMID- 6572167
TI  - Regional differences in the response of isolated human vessels to vasoactive
      substances.
AB  - 1. Crural, mesenteric and pulmonary vessels obtained during surgery were studied.
      Isometric tension was recorded and contractions were induced by potassium 127 mM
      (K), noradrenaline 18 microM (NA), prostaglandin F2 alpha 2.9 microM (F2 alpha),
      ergotamine 3.8 microM (Erg) or digoxin 1.0 microM (Dig). 2. Spontaneous myogenic
      activity was only observed in pulmonary veins. F2 alpha induced spontaneous
      activity in mesenteric arteries. 3. In all types of vessels, except in mesenteric
      arteries, the response to K+ had a greater amplitude than contractions developed
      by NA. Erg induced a slowly developing contraction in mesenteric veins but no
      contraction in mesenteric arteries. Dig induced a long-lasting monophasic
      response in arteries and a biphasic response in the veins. 4. After immersion for
      30 min in a Ca-free medium the amplitudes to both NA and K+ were significantly
      reduced. The veins were more susceptible to the effects of Ca-deprivation than
      the arteries.

PMID- 6572168
TI  - Treating periodontitis.

PMID- 6572169
TI  - Nonsurgical periodontal treatment.

PMID- 6572170
TI  - Vesicles on the gingiva.

PMID- 6572171
TI  - Posterior mandibular radiolucency.

PMID- 6572173
TI  - Treating the horizontal root fracture.

PMID- 6572172
TI  - Lichen planus: three clinical variations.

PMID- 6572174
TI  - Using supplementary radiographs to detect common pathological lesions.

PMID- 6572175
TI  - Managing congenital absence of attached gingiva.

PMID- 6572176
TI  - Correction of an endodontic defect using a pedicle flap.

PMID- 6572177
TI  - Preportioned Dispersalloy: a follow-up report.

PMID- 6572178
TI  - Aesthetic treatment of an amalgam.

PMID- 6572179
TI  - Technique for a lingual, double-papilla sliding flap.

PMID- 6572181
TI  - In praise of performance appraisals.

PMID- 6572180
TI  - Combined ortho-endo treatment: a 14-year follow-up.

PMID- 6572182
TI  - Dental hygienists needed?

PMID- 6572183
TI  - JCAH standards provide new options for fire prevention.

PMID- 6572184
TI  - Forensic dentistry--dentistry and the law.

PMID- 6572185
TI  - Large mononuclear Ia-positive veiled cells in Peyer's patches. I. Isolation and
      characterization in rat, guinea-pig and pig.
AB  - The antigen presenting cell system in the skin is extensively studied, and is
      supposed to consist of Langerhans cells in epidermis and dermis, veiled cells in
      skin lymph and interdigitating cells in skin lymph nodes. In order to detect
      whether a similar cell system is present in the gut, we studied Peyer's patch
      cell suspensions. Mononuclear cells with long actively moving cytoplasmic veils
      were found in cell suspensions from Peyer's patches of rat, guinea-pig, and pig,
      and in cell suspensions from small intestinal villi of guinea-pig and pig, but
      not of rat. These veiled cells are strongly Ia-positive. Because of their Ia
      positivity, their enzyme cytochemical staining pattern, and their ultrastructure,
      these cells resemble the antigen presenting cells of the skin, skin lymph and
      lymph node.

PMID- 6572187
TI  - Localized soft tissue enlargement of the gingiva.

PMID- 6572186
TI  - A paradigm for identification of primary genetic causes of hypertension in rats.
AB  - A paradigm is developed for identifying the genes (and the biochemical
      physiological traits for which the genes code) that cause differences in blood
      pressure in inbred strains of rats. A biochemical-physiological trait which meets
      the following four criteria is one which can reasonably be accepted as causing
      genetic differences in blood pressure: 1) a difference in a biochemical or
      physiological trait between two strains must be demonstrated; 2) the trait must
      be shown to follow Mendelian inheritance; 3) the genes identified in criterion 2
      must co-segregate with an increment in blood pressure which is significantly
      different from zero; and 4) there must be some logical biochemical and/or
      physiological link between the trait and blood pressure. Traits which do not show
      discrete phenotypes following Mendelian inheritance may correlate with blood
      pressure in segregating populations. In this case no rigorous cause and effect
      genetic argument is possible because such correlations could arise from complex
      primary genetic causes or as secondary effects of blood pressure on the
      biochemical-physiological trait.

PMID- 6572188
TI  - Limb preserving operation in the case of osteogenic sarcoma.

PMID- 6572189
TI  - Acute myelomonocytic leukemia in a dog.
AB  - Cytochemical stains and morphologic characteristics were essential in making the
      correct diagnosis in a dog with acute myelomonocytic leukemia, which initially
      was diagnosed as lymphoblastic leukemia. Response to a treatment regimen of
      cytosine arabinoside, thioguanine, vincristine, and doxorubicin, besides
      accomplishing complete remission, helped revise the initial diagnosis to acute
      myelomonocytic leukemia. After remission was achieved, the dog died of a
      fulminating viral infection.

PMID- 6572190
TI  - Phase II trial of aclacinomycin A in acute leukemia and various solid tumors.
AB  - Aclacinomycin A (ACM) is a new anthracycline antibiotic with a reduced cardiac
      toxicity in animal models. A phase II study was performed in a total of 25
      patients, 23 of whom are evaluable for response. All suffered from recurrent and
      advanced tumors. Pretreatment consisted of at least four different
      chemotherapeutic agents (range: 4-9). Lung cancer patients (3/9) were irradiated
      to the mediastinum. Eighteen patients were pretreated with doxo- or daunomycin.
      The dose for solid tumors was 2-3 mg/kg given on 3 consecutive days every 3
      weeks. Leukemia patients received a daily dose of 20 mg/m2, and standard response
      criteria were used. Marked reductions of leukocyte counts were achieved in
      leukemia patients. The overall response rate was about 15% in solid tumors, but
      major objective responses (CR + PR) have not been observed. Myelosuppression was
      commonly moderate in solid tumor patients, nausea and vomiting were rare, and
      alopecia was not induced. Cumulative cardiotoxicity was not evaluated in this
      trial. Treatment with ACM requires further investigation in acute leukemias and
      solid tumors, not pretreated with anthracycline antibiotics.

PMID- 6572191
TI  - Characterization of lymphoid cells by two-dimensional mini gel electrophoresis of
      proteins.
AB  - Cytosol proteins from normal lymphocytes, leukemic lymphocytes, and different
      cultured lymphoid cell lines were separated by two-dimensional mini gel
      electrophoresis. By staining with Coomassie blue, specific protein patterns were
      obtained. Very similar gel maps were produced by the cytosol proteins of chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia cells, hairy cells, and of in vitro grown B cells. Protein
      36/6.2 (molecular weight/isoelectric point), consistently present in these cells,
      could not be demonstrated in normal lymphocytes. For the comparison of control
      Raji cells--an Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV)-DNA carrying Burkitt's lymphoma cell line
      -with Raji cells induced for early antigen (EA) production, 35S-methionine
      labelled total cell lysates were analyzed. In the induced cells, an additional
      protein (100/5.5) was found; this might be one of the immunologically defined EBV
      associated antigens. These results demonstrate that two-dimensional mini gel
      electrophoresis can be useful for the characterization of leukemic cells in
      addition to the morphological, cytochemical, and surface marker analyses.

PMID- 6572192
TI  - Differentiation of promyelocytic (HL-60) cells into mature granulocytes:
      mitochondrial-specific rhodamine 123 fluorescence.
AB  - Rhodamine 123, a fluorescent dye which binds as a result of the transmembrane
      potential, was used to stain the mitochondria of HL-60 cells, a cell line
      established from human promelocytic leukemia cells. The DMSO-induced
      differentiation of promyelocytic cells into mature granulocytes caused a fourfold
      decrease in fluorescence intensity that paralleled the disappearance of S-phase
      and G2M cells. This suggests that upon myeloid differentiation whereby the cells
      enter an irreversible quiescent state, the mitochondrial mass of the cells has
      decreased. This suggestion is corroborated by electron microscopy, which shows a
      decrease in the number of mitochondria, and by decreases in total mitochondrial
      protein and cytochrome oxidase activity. The respiratory rate of isolated
      mitochondria did not change, suggesting that the transmembrane potential remained
      the same. Undifferentiated cells in exponential phase of growth exhibit an
      intracellular heterogeneity of fluorescence intensity. This heterogeneity appears
      to have a cell age basis, as late S/G2M cells, obtained by centrifugal
      elutriation, yielded twice the fluorescence intensity of early G1 cells.

PMID- 6572193
TI  - A comparison of peripheral blood and buffy coat smear examination for the
      prediction of bone marrow relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood.
AB  - In an attempt to see if buffy coat smear examination might be an alternative to
      bone marrow aspiration for predicting relapse, 98 consecutive bone marrow
      aspirates from 96 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia were examined blind
      with buffy coat and peripheral blood from the same patients. The 28 bone marrow
      aspirates from children no longer on treatment were all normal, and routine
      aspirates would appear unjustified in these patients. Eight of the remaining
      marrows showed relapse, but only three were not predicted from the peripheral
      blood and buffy coat. In no case was buffy coat superior to peripheral blood in
      the detection of bone marrow relapse. Routine bone marrow aspirates are an
      inefficient way of diagnosing relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in
      childhood, despite their precision, and a prospective study is needed to
      determine their value.

PMID- 6572194
TI  - Measurement of conjugated and unconjugated serum bile acid concentrations using 3
      alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.

PMID- 6572195
TI  - Chronic neutrophilic leukaemia with enlarged lymph nodes and lysozyme deficiency.
AB  - A further case of chronic neutrophilic leukaemia is reported and compared to
      fourteen previously reported cases. The presence of enlarged lymph nodes as the
      first clinical sign and the existence of a relative lysozyme deficiency of the
      granulocytes were striking features.

PMID- 6572196
TI  - Evaluation of a new pulp capping agent in indirect pulp therapy.

PMID- 6572197
TI  - Elimination of thumbsucking through contingency management.

PMID- 6572198
TI  - Dental radiographic screening in children.

PMID- 6572199
TI  - Dental care needs and services for children: England, Wales, and United States
      compared.

PMID- 6572200
TI  - Formaldehyde vapor in the dental environment: absence of potential hazard.

PMID- 6572201
TI  - Dental findings in a child with Cockayne's syndrome.

PMID- 6572202
TI  - The role of snacking in the American diet.

PMID- 6572203
TI  - Infant feeding practices and nursing bottle caries.

PMID- 6572204
TI  - Divisional abstracts: International College of Dentists. From all divisional
      meetings other than the American.

PMID- 6572205
TI  - Treatment distributions in dental practice.
AB  - Dental educators have been urged to evaluate curricula using information from
      dental practice. This paper presents data from a variety of sources that describe
      the distribution of treatment effort in dental practice. The data indicate that
      most dental treatment consists of a narrow range of procedures, that the focus of
      dentists' treatment efforts is primarily reparative, and that practitioners may
      not be achieving the broad curriculum objective of providing needed comprehensive
      patient care. Considerations for curriculum evaluators are suggested, and
      implications for the future are discussed.

PMID- 6572206
TI  - Mirror-tracing and Embedded Figures tests as predictors of dental students'
      performance.
AB  - Recent studies of the Embedded Figures and Mirror-Tracing Tests as predictors of
      first-, second-, and third-year dental students' grades were extended to the
      fourth year, and the comparative utility of the experimental predictors were
      examined in groups of recent dental graduates categorized by their predental
      science GPAs and DAT scores. The experimental predictors proved to very strong in
      graduates whose grades were below average at admission and were the best overall
      predictors for students who entered dental school with a predental science GPA
      below 3.0 or a combined DAT score below 4.0. Neither the DATs nor the predental
      science GPAs contributed consistently as predictors in these below average
      students. However, the predental science GPA was the best single overall
      predictor for all graduates (when not categorized as described). the experimental
      predictors contributed significantly to the predictive utility of the predental
      science GPA.

PMID- 6572207
TI  - Evaluation of common predictors for selection of postdoctoral dental students.
AB  - Certain predictors are traditionally presumed to be reliable measures for
      selection of candidates for general dentistry training programs. The purpose of
      this study was to assess the relative value of academic standing, letters of
      recommendation, and personal interview impressions by comparing them with
      performance during training. Predictor data were collected from the application
      files of all postdoctoral trainees in the advanced general dentistry training
      program at the Eastern Dental Center of the past ten years (N = 154). However,
      only 102 postdoctoral students had information available for all three predictor
      criteria. Performance was rated subjectively on completion of training by two
      faculty members on a six-point rating scale. The highest correlations between
      predictors and performance were to academic achievement (r = 0.347). Weaker,
      though statistically significant, correlations were found for the personal
      interview (r = 0.206) and letters of recommendation (r = 0.192). Although these
      predictor criteria will continue to be used in the selection of candidates,
      administrators and selection committees must be aware of the limitations of such
      criteria in predicting performance.

PMID- 6572209
TI  - The didactic pyramid.

PMID- 6572208
TI  - A practicum for oral cancer teaching.
AB  - This article describes a hospital-based method for teaching oral cancer to
      general practice residents, which involves the use of patients for whom the
      residents are responsible. The residents present prepared cases of patients of
      the hospital dental department according to a predetermined protocol. These
      conferences begin with a talk on a subject germane to the cases being presented
      and include complete documentation of clinical history and laboratory findings,
      photographs, projection of microscope slides of the lesion, and a thorough
      discussion of therapy and rehabilitation. The residents have had significant
      contact with the cancer patients from the time of initial patient complaint to
      completion of therapy. The practicum is based on thorough case review and builds
      on didactic information provided in the undergraduate dental school curriculum.

PMID- 6572210
TI  - Fabrication of an improved natural tooth manikin.

PMID- 6572211
TI  - Increased importance of patient care income in the future.

PMID- 6572212
TI  - Assessing clinical operations.

PMID- 6572213
TI  - Budgeting techniques and dental school administration.

PMID- 6572214
TI  - A systems approach to solving patient flow problems.

PMID- 6572215
TI  - Responsibility center organization in dental clinic management.

PMID- 6572216
TI  - Model for cost-containment planning in dental clinics.
AB  - Cost-containment possibilities in dental clinics present complex challenges to
      dental clinic management in the 1980s. A hypothetical model using mean cost
      components has been presented, together with strategies for cost reduction.
      Although clinical cost management is a complex task, these costs are the most
      significant and manageable in the dental school. Clinical cost containment is
      related to curriculum, faculty ego, staff morale, and many other factors separate
      from clinic operations. Rational cost containment requires a thorough
      understanding of the relative value of various costs and of the interrelation of
      costs, as well as firm commitment to control these costs by responsible faculty,
      particularly the dean. The escalating effect of uncontrolled clinical costs may
      result in the financial downfall of some schools in the 1980s. The observation
      that in the average dental school costs exceed income by a factor of
      approximately 3.5:1 (with an estimated range of 2:1 to 30:1) suggests that
      cutting costs in many schools may be more effective than raising clinic income.
      With inflation, the effect of the predominant cost factor versus income becomes
      more significant over time.

PMID- 6572217
TI  - Managing a dental school in the context of a slow economy.

PMID- 6572218
TI  - School type and characteristics of dental school faculty, 1982-83.

PMID- 6572219
TI  - Case report - CT scan of dentigerous cyst.

PMID- 6572221
TI  - Bioethics in dentistry: birth...demise...renaissance.

PMID- 6572220
TI  - Part II. Everything you always wanted to know about x-rays (but were afraid to
      ask).

PMID- 6572222
TI  - Anachoresis of total joint arthroplasty secondary to dental manipulation.

PMID- 6572223
TI  - [Management of delivery under anesthesia].

PMID- 6572224
TI  - Spinal subarachnoid hematoma after lumbar puncture causing reversible paraplegia
      in acute leukemia. Case report.

PMID- 6572226
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of extensive odontogenic infection.

PMID- 6572225
TI  - Preoperative chemotherapy and surgical resection in the management of posterior
      paraspinal tumors. Report of three cases.
AB  - Three patients with posterior paravertebral tumors are presented to illustrate
      the value of preoperative chemotherapy prior to surgical resection. All three had
      massive tumors adjacent to the spine, extending over several vertebral segments,
      with myelographic evidence of epidural involvement in one patient. Tissue
      diagnosis by incisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of extraosseous osteogenic
      sarcoma in one, extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma in the second, and embryonal
      rhabdomyosarcoma in the third. All patients were treated with chemotherapy
      preoperatively. Marked regression in tumor size was noted, and surgical excision
      of the tumor along with involved segments of spine was easily accomplished.
      Histological examination following surgery revealed completely necrotic tumor in
      two patients. Preoperative chemotherapy for fully malignant tumors offers the
      following advantages: 1) extremely bulky and otherwise unresectable tumors can be
      reduced in size to enable complete surgical resection; 2) systemic chemotherapy
      is instituted earlier in the course of disease to prevent more effectively the
      appearance of metastases; and 3) the information gained regarding the sensitivity
      of the tumor to a particular chemotherapy regimen allows postoperative adjuvant
      chemotherapy to be used on a more rational basis.

PMID- 6572227
TI  - Double-contrast arthrotomography of the temporomandibular joint: introduction of
      an arthrographic technique for visualization of the disc and articular surfaces.
AB  - A technique for double-contrast arthrotomography of the temporomandibular joint
      was developed. Iodine contrast medium and air were injected into both joint
      compartments of 105 patients. Lateral tomography using a multi-film cassette was
      performed. The double-contrast arthrotomography depicted, with good definition,
      the configuration and position of the disc, its attachments, and the articular
      surfaces. Postarthrographically, the patients experienced transient discomfort,
      but there were no serious complications. Double-contrast arthrotomography
      facilitates the diagnosis of internal derangements by improving the radiographic
      image of the intra-articular anatomy.

PMID- 6572228
TI  - Bifid mandibular nerve as a possible cause of inadequate anesthesia in the
      mandible.
AB  - Failure to achieve complete mandibular anesthesia is a problem that often occurs.
      The explanations include faulty anesthetic solutions, faulty technique, and
      anatomic or physiologic variations. Bifurcation of the mandibular nerve, rarely
      mentioned in the literature, may be a cause of inadequate anesthesia in a small
      percentage of cases.

PMID- 6572229
TI  - Clincopatholigic conferences. Case 44, part I.

PMID- 6572230
TI  - Myxoma of the oral soft tissues.

PMID- 6572231
TI  - Recurrent aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible.

PMID- 6572232
TI  - Localized eosinophilic myositis of the masseter muscle associated with
      actinomycosis.
AB  - A case of eosinophilic myositis of the masseter associated with pseudotumor and
      trismus is presented. Extensive eosinophilic infiltrates of the masseter are
      rarely observed in the absence of parasitic infection or the hypereosinophilic
      syndrome. This case is reported because of the rarity of the phenomenon and its
      importance to the surgeon from the standpoint of differential diagnosis and
      treatment. The pathogenesis of the condition and its relation to other lesions of
      muscle associated with eosinophilic infiltration are discussed.

PMID- 6572233
TI  - Acid trench effect of a surgical splint used following orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6572234
TI  - Improved maxillary stability with modified Lefort I technique.
AB  - This modification of the LeFort I osteotomy places the horizontal bony cut higher
      and into the dense cortical bone of the maxillozygomatic complex. It gives
      greater stability and also provides a more solid bony base for intraosseous
      wiring of the mobilized segment. This usually eliminates the need for dento
      osseous or maxillomandibular fixation, and the segments appear to solidify more
      quickly. Over the last year, we have used this technique in 23 cases (four
      maxillary advancements, seven one-piece maxillary intrusions, and 12 segmental
      maxillary intrusions) with very favorable results. This modification has given us
      greater control and stability, especially in combined maxillary and mandibular
      osteotomies.

PMID- 6572235
TI  - Pin fixation of the proximal segment in intraoral oblique subcondylar osteotomy
      of the mandible.

PMID- 6572236
TI  - Occlusal relationship in patients with pain-dysfunction symptoms in the
      temporomandibular joints.
AB  - A total of 135 patients (thirty-three males, 102 females) seeking treatment for
      pain and dysfunction of the TMJ were divided into five subgroups using the
      clinical dysfunction index of Helkimo. No relation could be found between the
      number of occluding molars and premolars and the severity of the symptoms nor the
      evolution of the complaints. A weak correlation was found between the outcome of
      the treatment with the occlusal splint and occlusal adjustment, and the above
      mentioned occlusal parameters (r = 0.47).

PMID- 6572237
TI  - The influence of eye closure on muscle activity in the anterior temporal region.
AB  - In the experiments reported here the influence of eye closure upon the muscle
      tone in the region of the anterior temporal muscles was studied during mandibular
      rest in four patients with TMJ dysfunction and in four healthy subjects. The
      muscle activity as well as the cortical activity (EEG) of the patients was
      influenced by changes in visual stimulation. EMG (the anterior temporal region)
      and EEG (parieto-occipital region) were recorded with needle electrodes. Ongoing
      EMG activity was present in all patients when their eyes were open. Closure of
      both eyes reduced the muscle activity by 50-100%. Closure of one eye could also
      abolish all activity but the degree of this influence was variable. Opening of
      the eyes blocked the alpha rhythm in the EEG. Simultaneously, increased activity
      was observed in the region of the temporal muscle. The activity level in the
      temporal region of the healthy subjects was very low and could easily be reduced
      to noise level using ordinary relaxation manoeuvres without eye closure. The
      results reported here indicate that visual stimulation may increase muscle tone
      in the temporal region probably as part of an arousal reaction. It is, however,
      possible that the activity might stem not from the temporalis muscle but from the
      temporoparietalis.

PMID- 6572238
TI  - Subcutaneous tissue response in rats to an aluminoborate cement.
AB  - In the interests of producing an improved periodontal dressing material, adhesive
      cements are under consideration. A new glass ionomer system--aluminoborates-
      shows some potential in this respect, and a relatively soluble formulation was
      chosen for a simple biological test in rats, by means of implantation in
      polypropylene tubes. As a positive control, the widely used aluminosilicate
      cement Aspa was employed, and empty tubes were used as negative controls. A
      simple scoring system using interval measurements was employed, and showed no
      difference at the 5% level between the experimental cement and either control,
      although slight differences were discernible between controls. The study also
      indicated that the side of a filled tube is not the best control for assessment
      of reaction at tube ends.

PMID- 6572239
TI  - The masseteric silent period following experimental bruxism in subjects wearing
      acrylic anterior bite planes.

PMID- 6572240
TI  - A new laboratory method for evaluating the relative solubility and erosion of
      dental cements.
AB  - A method for accelerating the dissolution and erosion of 'acidic' dental cements
      has been developed which gave relative solubilities in accordance with in vivo
      observations, in contrast to the conventional test. It involves subjecting 24-h
      old specimens to a jet of dilute acid (lactic or citric) and determining weight
      loss. The relative ranking for 'acidic' cements in the apparatus and in vivo was:
      glass ionomer less than silicophosphate less than zinc phosphate less than
      polycarboxylate. The method was not valid for reinforced zinc oxide/eugenol/EBA
      cements. Of the two polycarboxylate cements studied, a brand which has the acid
      in the powder was found to be more soluble than the conventional material. It is
      proposed that the method be the basis of a new solubility/erosion test in
      national and international standards for 'acidic' dental cements.

PMID- 6572241
TI  - The effects of cyclic stress on dental polymethylmethacrylate. I. Thermal and
      environmental fluctuation.
AB  - Alternative resins to traditional denture base acrylic need to be assessed for
      both short- and long-term performance before their potential can be evaluated.
      Much dental materials testing is carried out on fresh material and a baseline of
      knowledge about the properties of aged material is incomplete. Studies have been
      carried out to examine the effects of thermal and environmental fluctuation on
      dental acrylic, with testing procedures reconsidered so as to resemble service
      conditions as closely as possible. Thermal cycling proved detrimental to the
      resin only when superimposed on intermittent partial drying out and resaturation.

PMID- 6572242
TI  - Tooth contact patterns and contractile activity of the elevator jaw muscles
      during mastication of two different types of food.
AB  - The pattern of molar and canine contacts and the contractile activity of the
      masseter and anterior temporal muscle were studied, through integrated
      electromyography, during right-sided mastication of banana and apple in ten
      healthy male subjects. Tooth contacts occurred on both the chewing and the non
      chewing side. This study does not support the clinical concept that non-chewing
      side contacts are necessarily detrimental to the jaw muscles and the
      temporomandibular joints. The activity of the elevator jaw muscles and the tooth
      contact patterns suggest that the mandible tilted around a sagittal axis, and
      rotated around a vertical axis, during the phase of elevation of a masticatory
      cycle.

PMID- 6572243
TI  - Frequency of bone marrow aspirates to monitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in
      childhood.

PMID- 6572244
TI  - Hemorrhagic complications of L-asparaginase therapy.

PMID- 6572245
TI  - Oral habits: development and management.

PMID- 6572246
TI  - Cementation of stainless steel space maintainers.

PMID- 6572247
TI  - Unilateral mastication and facial formation.

PMID- 6572248
TI  - Comments on fluoride.

PMID- 6572249
TI  - The neutrophil: progression of disease: an update and critical review.

PMID- 6572250
TI  - Pulpal management by replantation for "nursing bottle" caries.

PMID- 6572251
TI  - A school-based caries-prevention program in Nigeria.

PMID- 6572252
TI  - Alveolar bone loss of school children in fluoridated and low-fluoride
      communities.

PMID- 6572253
TI  - Periodontal disease in five and six year old children.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of
      gingivitis in a sample of primary school children. One hundred and twenty eight
      children with an average age of 6 years 0 months (SD +/- 4 months) were examined
      for oral hygiene status using the Plaque Index (Pl.I.) and the Calculus Index
      (C.I.). The periodontal status was assessed using the Gingival Index (G.I.) and
      recording gingival sulcus depths about selected teeth. The significance of
      factors associated with the G.I. was determined using multiple classification
      analysis. The incorporated factors were Pl.I., age and sex. The scores for Pl.I.,
      and G.I., and Pl.I. and sulcus depth were significantly correlated. The majority
      of children had a maximum Pl.I. score of 2, a maximum C.I. score of 0, a maximum
      G.I. score of 1, and maximum sulcus depth of 2 mm. The regressands Pl.I. and age
      used in the multiple classification analysis explained only 28% of the variance
      in the G.I. data. Also, the analysis did not indicate the children's sex as a
      significant source of explanation for the variance of the G.I.

PMID- 6572254
TI  - The diagnosis and management of vertical bony defects.
AB  - Marginal periodontitis and pulpal disease often cause similar-appearing lesions
      in the periodontium. Successful therapy depends on correct diagnosis, which is
      sometimes difficult. Some bony defects caused by pulpal disease require surgical
      debridement in addition to standard endodontic therapy. With one exception three
      walled intrabony periodontal defects discussed in this report were managed by
      surgical debridement without any type of implant or graft. Long-term observation
      is required to determine the value of techniques used in the treatment of
      intrabony periodontal defects.

PMID- 6572255
TI  - Stimulated osteoperiosteal pedicle grafts in dogs.
AB  - This descriptive study compared the healing of mucoperiosteal and "stimulated"
      osteoperiosteal flaps for the treatment of surgically created periodontal
      recessions in dogs. Surgically created defects on the canine teeth of 10 healthy
      mongrel dogs were covered by specially designed, cemented copper bands for 4
      weeks (Several maxillary premolar teeth were managed in the same way). A plaque
      and calculus-promoting diet was fed to the animals during this period. When the
      bands were removed the diet was altered and an intensive oral hygiene program was
      instituted. The contralateral tooth, chosen randomly, was utilized for placement
      of the mucoperiosteal lateral sliding flap and acted as the control. The
      experimental side was surgically stimulated 21 days prior to elevation of a
      "stimulated" osteoperiosteal flap for repositioning over the denuded roots. The
      animals were sacrificed with an overdose of Nembutal and block sections for
      histologic study were taken at periods ranging from 14 to 50 days. Histologic
      findings indicate that healing of the stimulated flaps was accompanied by the
      formation of a relatively short dentogingival epithelium, cementogenesis which
      varied in amount and type, and new connective fiber insertion into cementum. By
      contrast, the mucoperiosteal flaps healed with a long dentogingival epithelial
      relationship and no cementogenesis or connective tissue reattachment.

PMID- 6572256
TI  - The effects of citric acid on attachment of laterally positioned flaps.
AB  - Citric acid demineralization of root surfaces to enhance new attachment
      clinically appears to be successful, but histologic evidence of new attachment in
      humans is lacking. Two recession-like defects were surgically created on the
      facial aspect of mandibular incisors scheduled for extraction in five patients.
      Each patient had differing degrees of periodontal disease, but the control and
      experimental teeth of each were similarly involved. The roots were thoroughly
      planed and an apical reference notch was inscribed just coronal to crestal bone.
      One tooth served as the control, while the experimental tooth was treated with
      citric acid (pH 1) for two minutes. Two full-thickness laterally positioned flaps
      were done to cover the roots. After healing periods of 1, 2, 4, 12, and 20 weeks,
      the teeth were removed by block section for histologic evaluation. The type of
      attachment differed on the teeth with longer healing periods. The control teeth
      exhibited a long epithelial attachment with no evidence of cementogenesis,
      whereas the experimental teeth had a connective tissue attachment to newly formed
      cementum coronal to the reference notch. These observations provide evidence that
      demineralization of root surfaces may promote increased or accelerated connective
      tissue attachment of laterally positioned flaps.

PMID- 6572257
TI  - Commonsense dietary recommendations for geriatric dental patients.

PMID- 6572258
TI  - Burnished amalgam restorations: a two-year clinical evaluation.

PMID- 6572259
TI  - Gypsum casts as a potential source of microbial cross-contamination.

PMID- 6572260
TI  - Postinsertion care of the ocular prosthesis.

PMID- 6572261
TI  - Prosthetic requirements for selective placement of interstitial needles in the
      treatment of osteogenic sarcoma of the mandible.

PMID- 6572262
TI  - Dense apatite ceramic (DAC) implant systems: a preliminary report.

PMID- 6572263
TI  - Clinical evaluation of two hundred patients with temporomandibular joint
      syndrome.

PMID- 6572264
TI  - Transcranial radiographs in the evaluation of craniomandibular (TMJ) disorders.
AB  - To use a radiographic technique to evaluate patients, one must be aware of the
      limitations of the study. A TR can be used to show both structural and positional
      changes of the lateral third of the condyle and fossa. TR obtained at vertical
      angulations greater than 20 degrees will add significant distortion to the full
      open-mouth radiograph. The structural changes seen in the joints of patients with
      the TR who had further diagnostic studies were confirmed with tomography. The
      changes seen with tomography were either as severe or more extensive than those
      noted on the TR. Three patients who had extensive structural changes on both the
      condyle and fossa were shown by arthrography to have a perforation in the joint's
      soft tissues. While the lateral position of the condyle does not represent the
      entire joint, this study has shown that it may qualitatively serve as a
      positional indicator for the joint. The TR together with the rest of a patient's
      examination data can be used in the treatment. For the patient who has not
      responded to therapy or whose TR disagrees with the clinical examination,
      tomographic and arthrotomographic studies are suggested. In the group of 61
      patients, 11 (18%) fell into this category. Further diagnostic studies were not
      felt to be necessary for the remaining 50 patients.

PMID- 6572265
TI  - Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint: an assessment of condylar
      position in centric occlusion.
AB  - Subjects experiencing painful dysfunction of the TMJ and diagnosed by
      arthrography to have displacements of the meniscus were compared to normal or
      asymptomatic subjects to assess condyle-fossa relationships. The groups did not
      differ by linear or area determinations of the P/A ratio. The use of plain film
      alone is not adequate for diagnosis or assessment of treatment if abnormalities
      of meniscus function are the primary etiology.

PMID- 6572266
TI  - Using the Kinesiograph to measure mandibular movements during speech: a pilot
      study.
AB  - This study was a pilot investigation to determine a method of measuring
      mandibular movement during speech using the Kinesiograph. Some observations and
      trends were evident. 1. The Kinesiograph is an excellent instrument for measuring
      mandibular movement in three dimensions. 2. Production of the /s/ sound can occur
      anywhere within a three-dimensional range rather than at one position. 3. The
      distance between the upper and lower incisors during speech was much less than 1
      mm and was consistent throughout the range used by each subject. 4. The
      functional angle of mandibular movement during speech to the maxillary occlusal
      plane was essentially the same as the angle of rest position to centric occlusion
      and appeared to be related to the cephalometric occlusal plane angle. It seems
      likely that rest position is the key to functional mandibular movement. 5. Three
      dimensional clinical studies of mandibular movement during speech using the
      Kinesiograph could lead to more precise answers to questions concerning
      mandibular function and occlusal dysfunction.

PMID- 6572267
TI  - An electromyographic study of mandibular position in response to changes in body
      position.

PMID- 6572268
TI  - The polymerization of acrylic resin orthodontic prostheses.

PMID- 6572269
TI  - An instrument for prosthesis removal.

PMID- 6572270
TI  - The hospital leadership.

PMID- 6572271
TI  - Discharge date setting: the physician's responsibility.

PMID- 6572272
TI  - Initial management of eye trauma.

PMID- 6572273
TI  - Use of a pulmonary function laboratory in central New Jersey.

PMID- 6572274
TI  - Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 6572275
TI  - Malignant melanoma of the anal canal.

PMID- 6572276
TI  - Surgical resection in symptomatic polycystic liver disease.

PMID- 6572277
TI  - The subject of impairment.

PMID- 6572278
TI  - Physician/patient relationships and premium discount programs.

PMID- 6572279
TI  - Percutaneous transtracheal ventilation: experimental and practical aspects.
AB  - Percutaneous transtracheal ventilation can be a lifesaving procedure when
      endotracheal intubation is not possible, but an understanding of the technique
      and necessary instruments is essential. This study, performed on adult sheep,
      defined the limited circumstances under which a 15-gauge needle, connected to
      oxygen at 50 pounds per square inch (psi), can provide an emergency transtracheal
      airway. There are situations, such as complete airway obstruction, when this
      combination is contraindicated. In addition, transtracheal ventilation might have
      to be performed using simpler equipment, such as a self-inflating resuscitation
      bag (AMBU-type) or with no equipment other than the transtracheal airway. A 3.0
      mm I.D. cannula provided an adequate transtracheal airway under all circumstances
      examined. A 3.5-mm cannula is commercially available and physicians who deal with
      airway problems should be familiar with its use.

PMID- 6572280
TI  - Human adenovirus type 2 but not adenovirus type 12 is mutagenic at the
      hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase locus of cloned rat liver epithelial
      cells.
AB  - Using resistance to the base analog 8-azaguanine as a genetic marker, we showed
      that adenovirus type 2, but not adenovirus type 12, is mutagenic at the
      hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase locus of cloned diploid rat liver
      epithelial cells. Adenovirus type 2 increased the frequency of 8-azaguanine
      resistant colonies by up to ninefold over the spontaneous frequency, depending on
      expression time and virus dose.

PMID- 6572281
TI  - Vibrio vulnificus. A gastronomic hazard.

PMID- 6572282
TI  - Corynebacterium hemolyticum peritonsillar abscess mimicking diphtheria.

PMID- 6572283
TI  - Gastroesophageal reflux: an update.

PMID- 6572284
TI  - Short term inpatient treatment of children and adolescents.

PMID- 6572285
TI  - Finding malnourished patients in a community hospital: development of a
      nutritional assessment service.

PMID- 6572286
TI  - A conversation with Mike Overbey.

PMID- 6572287
TI  - Endodontic-periodontic relationships - a periodontic viewpoint.

PMID- 6572288
TI  - Endodontic-periodontic relationships - an endodontic viewpoint.

PMID- 6572289
TI  - Importance of orthodontic diagnosis to the general practitioner.

PMID- 6572290
TI  - Glucocorticoid agonist and antagonist activity of 17,21-acetonide steroids.

PMID- 6572291
TI  - Studies of the biochemical basis of steroid sulphatase deficiency--III.
      Phospholipid composition of microsomes from normal and steroid sulphatase
      deficient placentas.
AB  - The phospholipid composition has been determined for placental microsomes from 11
      normal and eight pregnancies complicated by steroid sulphatase deficiency.
      Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomyelin were found to be
      the major phospholipids of normal placental microsomes, comprising respectively
      41.6 +/- 4.6% (mean +/- SD). 30 +/- 5.7% and 22.5 +/- 4.9% of the total
      phospholipid content. There was no correlation between the steroid sulphatase
      activity of the microsomes and the content of any of the three phospholipids.
      Though their contents were significantly decreased. (P less than 0.001)
      phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomyelin similarly
      constituted the major portion of the total phospholipids in sulphatase deficient
      microsomes, representing 36 +/- 4.2%, 34 +/- 6.1% and 22.4 +/- 6.7% respectively.
      Only the percentage of phosphatidylcholine was significantly different (P less
      than 0.02) from normal microsomes. The results show that the decreased
      phospholipid content of steroid sulphatase deficient placental microsomes
      reflects a lower content of all major classes of phospholipids, particularly
      phosphatidylcholine.

PMID- 6572293
TI  - Aha!!, The smell of bitter almonds....cyanide poisoning.

PMID- 6572292
TI  - Sexually transmitted diseases: treatment guidelines-Part II.

PMID- 6572294
TI  - An evaluation of Apgar scores as predictors of infant mortality.

PMID- 6572295
TI  - Marketing in practice management.

PMID- 6572296
TI  - [Our experience with the effectiveness and tolerance of ibuproxam in
      rheumatology].
AB  - The tolerance and effectiveness of Ibuproxam were investigated in 54 patients
      with arthrosis, R.A., ankylosing spondylitis, and fibrositis. Statistically
      significant reduction of pain at the end of the treatment was accompanied by
      decreased limitation of joint movement and morning stiffness. Simultaneous
      investigation of clinical and biological tolerance showed that the drug is
      infrequently responsible for side-effects that are always of negligible
      importance. Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy in subjects with a prior history and/or
      signs of active pathology of the upper digestive tract did not reveal
      exacerbation or recrudescence of lesions, nor the appearance of acute lesions.

PMID- 6572297
TI  - Sexually transmitted diseases in the 1980s.

PMID- 6572298
TI  - The challenge of venous extension in malignant renal neoplasms.

PMID- 6572299
TI  - Surgical periodontal therapy. A brief overview.

PMID- 6572300
TI  - Nurse practitioner legislation in the United States.

PMID- 6572301
TI  - Electrocardiograms of the month: heart block.

PMID- 6572302
TI  - Triangular opacity right lower hemithorax.

PMID- 6572303
TI  - Chronic hemoptysis secondary to infected left ventricular pseudoaneurysm.

PMID- 6572304
TI  - Coccidioidal meningitis in rural Pennsylvania.

PMID- 6572305
TI  - Aluminium smelters and health.

PMID- 6572306
TI  - Children who survive.

PMID- 6572307
TI  - Legislation and practice in compulsory admission to a psychiatric hospital.

PMID- 6572308
TI  - Future development of primary medical care in New Zealand: a view from general
      practice.
AB  - The primary health care committee's activities should be the starting point for a
      real change in direction of government-supported health care. It must endeavour
      to start a real and continuing dialogue between providers, planners and
      consumers. This should be at both central and local levels--its theme should be
      flexibility. Effort must be put into progressively reorientating medical
      education by using the material and energy available in primary medical care at
      both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. An active exploration of alternative
      methods of funding and delivery of care should take place, all being continuously
      evaluated. Increasing emphasis on primary medical care is so much more cost
      effective than our present system that health funds must be urgently redirected
      to facilitate this move. Any decrease in funding will be short-sighted and put
      off real economies and future improvements in medical care. Funds for primary
      medical care must be increased; in the present situation this may mean by
      diversion from those at present allocated to hospital boards. This should be used
      to: (a) increase GMS as a holding exercise; (b) fund educational suggestions; (c)
      fund research suggestions; (d) fund formation of local primary health care
      committees and their planning activities; (e) supply costs of supportive
      practices; (f) support more extensive dialogue centrally between NZMA, Health
      Department etc and locally with health services development as seen in the recent
      SACHO exercises.

PMID- 6572309
TI  - Infant mortality in Tonga: what is available to the decision maker.

PMID- 6572310
TI  - Flucloxacillin dosage.

PMID- 6572311
TI  - Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in New Zealand.

PMID- 6572312
TI  - Reintroduction of anti-inflammatory drug therapy after drug-associated
      gastrointestinal disturbances.

PMID- 6572313
TI  - A histological and serological study of persistent hepatitis B antigenaemia.
AB  - A population of persistent hepatitis B antigen positive persons was investigated
      in north Taranaki. Over a period of three years, 0.17 percent of blood donors and
      7.7 percent of patients investigated for acute infection, possibly hepatitis, had
      a positive test for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Repeat testing was
      performed at approximately four months in 65 persons and 18 (28 percent) remained
      positive and of these 15 were males. Liver biopsy in 17 of these patients
      revealed chronic persistent hepatitis in 30 percent, non-specific changes in 11
      percent and in the remainder no significant abnormalities were found. There was
      no correlation of histology with a wide variety of hepatitis B serological
      markers. Forty-seven percent of the persistent carriers were Maoris and this
      group may be more susceptible to chronic hepatitis B infection. Long term follow
      up of HBsAg carriers is recommended to ascertain the prognosis of this condition.

PMID- 6572314
TI  - Intermittent high intensity physical training and plasma lipoprotein lipid levels
      in men.
AB  - Levels of plasma lipoprotein lipids and anthropometric and physical fitness
      measurements were followed in 12 normal men over a 16 month period including
      training for two marathon runs separated by one year. As judged from pulse rate
      at submaximal work, the physical fitness of the men increased during training for
      the marathons and also over the whole study. High density lipoprotein (HDL)
      cholesterol levels which had been raised by training for the first marathon, were
      at similar levels at peak training prior to the second marathon. Estimated
      alcohol consumption was significantly higher prior to marathon II compared to the
      level prior to marathon I but this did not result in increased plasma high
      density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The trend towards increased low density
      lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels early in the study continued until the
      levels were finally significantly higher than pretraining values. It is possible
      that plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the men reached
      personal maximum levels after training for the first marathon and were unaffected
      by an apparent increase in aerobic fitness achieved after training for the second
      marathon. This study also indicated that the effects of long term training on
      plasma lipids and lipoproteins may differ from those observed following shorter
      periods of exercise.

PMID- 6572315
TI  - Asthma in New Zealand: a response.

PMID- 6572316
TI  - Asthma, air pollution and climate: a Christchurch study.
AB  - The relationship of hospital attendances for acute asthma attacks to air
      pollution levels in Christchurch was studied over the winter months of 1981.
      Attendances for acute asthma did not increase with increases in air pollution;
      indeed, higher pollution tended to be characterised by lower hospital
      attendances. This trend increased when multiple regression analysis was used to
      control the effects of climatic factors.

PMID- 6572317
TI  - The advisory role of the community pharmacist in self-medication.
AB  - A survey was carried out to determine the role of the community pharmacist in
      self-medication by the public. This included provision of advice on the use of
      medicines and on general health matters. Medicine sales during one trading day
      were recorded in 57 pharmacies in the Wellington area. 58.6 percent of customer
      requests for medicine or advice resulted in the sale of a medicine without
      additional advice. The remaining 41.4 percent of contacts were accompanied by
      advice from a pharmacist whether a medicine sale was made or not. Of the total
      advised contacts, 7.8 percent resulted in referral to seek medical advice and 9.8
      percent were for general health advice with no sale of a medicine. The results of
      the survey suggest an important role for the community pharmacist as an adviser
      in self-medication and in the screening of minor illness.

PMID- 6572318
TI  - Ethnicity and health in Porirua: a comment on the relative-sufficiency of social
      medical research.

PMID- 6572319
TI  - Not a cot death? And plastic.

PMID- 6572320
TI  - Artificial insemination of donor sperm.

PMID- 6572321
TI  - Abortion.

PMID- 6572322
TI  - Antenatal education.

PMID- 6572323
TI  - Reexamining toothbrushing and dental caries.

PMID- 6572324
TI  - Incidence of caries in New York City school children--a pilot project.

PMID- 6572325
TI  - Problems in pediatric patient management.

PMID- 6572326
TI  - National survey describes the '80's!

PMID- 6572327
TI  - Organized dentistry is working on your behalf, says DSSNY president Theodore R.
      Lerner.

PMID- 6572328
TI  - To be young, a woman and a dentist.

PMID- 6572330
TI  - Female dental students and dentists: further information and commentary.

PMID- 6572329
TI  - Reflections of a woman orthodontist.

PMID- 6572331
TI  - Forty years and four careers.

PMID- 6572332
TI  - The dental specialist is a woman.

PMID- 6572333
TI  - Women in dentistry: an educator's view.

PMID- 6572334
TI  - The Pennsylvania experiment and dental futures.

PMID- 6572336
TI  - Is that all there is to endodontics?

PMID- 6572337
TI  - Help prevent "the final epidemic".

PMID- 6572338
TI  - Amalgam matricing: a simple custom technique.

PMID- 6572335
TI  - Cervical ripening with intravaginal prostaglandin E2 gel.
AB  - Ripening of the cervix by intravaginal application of a prostaglandin-containing
      gel is evaluated. Thirty patients with an unfavorable cervix needing labor
      induction were studied in a double-blind, prospective fashion. The prostaglandin
      gel proved superior to placebo in ripening the cervix (P less than .05), reducing
      induction failures (P less than .025), diminishing the oxytocin dosage necessary
      for induction (P less than .05), and lowering the rate of cesarean section (.05
      less than P less than .1). One hundred fifty additional patients with varying
      Bishop scores and differing clinical situations were also studied. There were 35
      cesarean sections (23.3%), nine failed inductions (6%), a spontaneous labor rate
      of 46%, and an average Bishop score change of 2.5. Twenty patients with premature
      rupture of the membranes and an unfavorable cervix received a modified gel
      containing 2.5 mg of prostaglandin E2. Average Bishop score change was 2.9, and
      there was a 55% incidence of spontaneous labor.

PMID- 6572340
TI  - Management companies--the most recent attack.

PMID- 6572341
TI  - Dental manpower: too many, too late.

PMID- 6572339
TI  - Splinting with cast resin-bonded retainers.

PMID- 6572342
TI  - Bilateral coronoid hyperplasia, a developmental defect.

PMID- 6572343
TI  - Evaluation of the reproducibility of two bitewing techniques by means of a
      microdensitometric recording method.
AB  - A new, simple, metal bitewing holder with a radiation dose-reducing collimator
      using principles suggested by Eggen is presented and recommended. The
      reproducibility of the bitewing holder technique was compared with that of the
      conventional bitewing loop technique. The material consisted of twenty seven sets
      (fifty four pairs) of radiographs. A microdensitometric method was developed and
      used to assess the reproducibility of the radiographs, and 108 pairs of
      microdensitometric tracings were produced to evaluate the two techniques. The
      results showed that the metal bitewing holder was significantly superior to the
      bitewing loop for obtaining radiographs with high reproducibility. The
      suitability of the microdensitometric method is discussed.

PMID- 6572344
TI  - Hemorrhagic cyst of the mandible in relation to horizontally impacted third
      molar.

PMID- 6572345
TI  - Experimental induction of an incomplete hard-palate cleft in the rat.
AB  - Incomplete clefts of the hard palate with soft-palate integrity are among the
      rarest malformations found in human beings. They appear as oval-shaped openings
      in the midline of the hard palate and do not extend along its whole length. The
      amniotic-sac-puncture technique was used to induce such clefts in 10 percent of a
      group of rat fetuses at day 15.3 of pregnancy. The upper jaws of such fetuses,
      either 17.3 or 21.3 days old, were examined in the scanning electron microscope
      and in serial Epon sections. At day 17.3 incomplete clefts of the hard palate
      were extending toward the soft palate, with the anterior portion of palatal
      shelves still in the vertical position and with the soft palate already fused. At
      day 21.3, the incomplete hard-palate clefts were smaller in both extension and
      width. These observations support the idea that fusion of the soft palate can
      occur independently of fusion in the hard-palate region.

PMID- 6572346
TI  - Oral mucosal changes in iron deficiency anemia in a Sri Lankan female population.
AB  - The oral mucosal changes in iron deficiency anemia were studied in a selected
      hospital population. A high incidence of oral lesions was present in the anemic
      group as compared to age- and sex-matched controls. Atrophic changes of the
      tongue were quite characteristic clinically, and a significant reduction in the
      mean epithelial thickness of the buccal mucosa was determined histologically.

PMID- 6572347
TI  - The effect of chronic beta-aminoproprionitrile intoxication on the periodontium
      of the rat. A light microscopic and histochemical study with review of the
      literature.
AB  - This histologic study of the periodontium of male white rats with chronic
      lathyrism demonstrates the appearance, progression, and persistence of certain
      pathologic changes caused by disordered collagen synthesis and maturation.
      Typical lesions were seen after 6 weeks. These include increased vascularity,
      especially in the periapical region, hyalinization and calcification of the
      transseptal fibers, alveolar bone and cementum resorption, interruption of the
      periodontal fibers with formation of typical hyaline zones surrounded by
      palisades of atypical fibroblasts, known as "lathyritic bodies," and an increase
      in mast cells.

PMID- 6572348
TI  - Verruciform xanthoma in a young male patient with a past history of pemphigus
      vulgaris.

PMID- 6572349
TI  - Carcinoma arising in erosive lichen planus in the midline of the dorsum of the
      tongue.

PMID- 6572350
TI  - Incidence of postoperative pain after single- and multiple-visit endodontic
      procedures.
AB  - A series of 359 endodontic cases were followed and evaluated by the frequency of
      reported postoperative pain. A statistical analysis of the data obtained
      attempted to identify a relationship between pain experienced and the anatomic
      location, the pulpal vitality as determined by hemorrhage, or the number of
      treatment visits used in completing the case. Data obtained indicated no
      relationship between pain experience and pulpal vitality, no statistically
      significant relationship to the anatomic location, and a significant relationship
      to the number of visits used. The data indicate a 2 to 1 higher frequency of pain
      reported following treatment completed in multiple visits as compared to that
      reported for those completed in one visit.

PMID- 6572352
TI  - Cervical resorption in bleached teeth.
AB  - A case of cervical resorption in a bleached, pulpless tooth is reported. The
      tooth has not been traumatized, and no other reason for the resorption could be
      found except the possible effects of a caustic bleaching agent. This case further
      supports the evidence in the literature that a cause-and-effect relationship
      exists between Superoxol bleaching and cervical resorption.

PMID- 6572351
TI  - Effective surface sterilization of gutta-percha points.
AB  - A bacteriologic investigation was conducted to determine the sterilizing
      effectiveness of various germicidal endodontic irrigants on gutta-percha points.
      It was found that most effective in surface sterilization was a 5-minute
      treatment using sodium hypochlorite, Zephiran, and hydrogen peroxide in
      concentrations of 4.50 percent, 0.53 percent, and 3.00 percent, respectively.
      These agents were potent against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well
      as endospore-forming microorganisms. Fungal spores were killed only by the first
      two but not by the latter germicidal agents. On the other hand, ethanol,
      chloroform, eugenol, betadine, and Gram's iodine solution were found not to be
      effective for surface sterilization.

PMID- 6572353
TI  - Filling root canals with silver-percha cones: a clinical study.

PMID- 6572354
TI  - The antibacterial effects of calcium hydroxide apexification pastes on
      Streptococcus sanguis.
AB  - Four calcium hydroxide-based apexification pastes were tested for their
      antibacterial effects on Streptococcus sanguis. Their zones of growth inhibition
      on blood agar plates were measured at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days. Only the camphorated
      parachlorophenol and the metacresylacetate pastes showed zones of inhibition.
      Both of these zones of inhibition decreased with time; however, the zones of
      inhibition for the parachlorophenol paste decreased at a slower rate.

PMID- 6572355
TI  - Defective galactose oxidation in a patient with glycogen storage disease and
      Fanconi syndrome.
AB  - Carbohydrate metabolism was studied in a child with atypical glycogen storage
      disease and Fanconi syndrome. Massive glucosuria, partial resistance to glucagon
      and abnormal responses to carbohydrate loads, mainly in the form of major
      impairment of galactose utilization were found, as reported in previous cases.
      Increased blood lactate to pyruvate ratios, observed in a few cases of idiopathic
      Fanconi syndrome, were not present. [1-14C]Galactose oxidation was normal in
      erythrocytes, but reduced in fresh minced liver tissue, despite normal activities
      of hepatic galactokinase, uridyltransferase, and UDP-glucose 4-epimerase in
      homogenates of frozen liver. These data suggest a defect in hepatic galactose
      metabolism not so far identified.

PMID- 6572356
TI  - Various sulfatase activities in leukocytes and cultured skin fibroblasts from
      heterozygotes for the multiple sulfatase deficiency (mukosulfatidosis).
AB  - In heterozygotes for multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD), several sulfatase
      activities including arylsulfatases A, B1, B2, and C, and cholesterol sulfatase
      were 40-50% of normals in cultured skin fibroblasts and 70-80% of normals in
      leukocytes. In MSD patients, these enzyme activities were deficient or reduced.
      DEAE-Sepharose column chromatographic patterns of 4-methylumbelliferyl sulfatases
      A, B1, and B2 in leukocytes and cultured skin fibroblasts from MSD patients and
      heterozygotes were also consistent with the above data. These data indicate that
      several sulfatase activities in heterozygotes of MSD exhibited intermediate
      activities as observed in the heterozygote state of other autosomal recessive
      inherited diseases.

PMID- 6572357
TI  - 45,X/46,XX mosaicism in discordant monozygotic twins.
AB  - Monozygotic twins discordant for Turner's syndrome were both mosaic for
      45,X/46,XX in the blood with the same low frequency of 2% to 3% 45,X cells.
      However, the fibroblasts of the abnormal girl were all uniformly 45,X whereas her
      normal twin had only 46,XX cells. Monozygosity was confirmed by genetic markers,
      chromosome variants, and a single monochorionic placenta with a shared vascular
      circulation. The mechanism by which this disparate pair developed from a single
      zygote is suggested.

PMID- 6572359
TI  - Accountability: health quality assurance.

PMID- 6572358
TI  - Wrinkled DNA.
AB  - The B form of poly d(GC):poly d(GC) in orthorhombic microcrystallites in oriented
      fibers has a secondary structure in which a dinucleotide is the repeated motif
      rather than a mononucleotide as in standard, smooth B DNA. One set of nucleotides
      (probably GpC) has the same conformations as the smooth form but the alternate
      (CpG) nucleotides have a different conformation at C3'-O3'. This leads to a
      distinctive change in the orientation of the phosphate groups. Similar
      perturbations can be detected in other poly d(PuPy):poly d(PuPy) DNAs such as
      poly d(IC):poly d(IC) and poly d(AT):poly d(AT) in their D forms which have
      tetragonal crystal environments. This suggests that such perturbations are
      intrinsic to all stretches of duplex DNA where purines and pyrimidines alternate
      and may play a role in the detection and exploitation of such sequences by
      regulatory proteins.

PMID- 6572360
TI  - Early changes in ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamines during erythroid
      differentiation of Friend leukemia cells.
AB  - Induction of cytosolic L-ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in cultures of
      Friend erythroleukemia cells by seeding in fresh medium was suppressed by
      treatment with several differentiation inducers. The levels of suppression after
      3 h treatment were about 60% at 20 mM nicotinamide, 30% at 1.5% dimethyl
      sulfoxide (DMSO), and 20% at 5 mM hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA). Tracer
      experiments using [3H]ornithine to determine newly accumulated polyamines
      including putrescine revealed that the accumulation was suppressed by treatment
      (18 h) with the inducers. Furthermore, results of polyamine determination by high
      pressure liquid chromatography showed that the cellular polyamine content in
      differentiation-induced cells was lower than those of uninduced cells in early
      (18 h after inducer treatment) stages of differentiation. Accordingly, it is
      suggested that cytosolic ODC levels virtually represent the rate of accumulation
      of intracellular polyamines in the early period of differentiation.

PMID- 6572361
TI  - Role of mRNA competition in regulating translation: further characterization of
      mRNA discriminatory initiation factors.
AB  - Host and reovirus mRNAs compete with one another for translation in infected
      cells. Kinetic analysis has suggested that the site of competition is a message
      discriminatory initiation factor which must bind to the mRNA before it can
      interact with the 40S ribosomal subunit. The present communication describes an
      in vitro assay which can detect message discriminatory activities. A competitive
      situation is established by using reovirus and globin mRNAs, and then the
      specificity with which this competition is relieved by added components is
      measured. Among the various initiation factors surveyed with this assay, two have
      the properties expected of the mRNA discriminatory factor. These are eukaryotic
      initiation factor 4A and a "cap binding protein" complex. Inasmuch as the cap
      binding protein complex contains a subunit similar or identical to the initiation
      factor eIF-4A, it seems likely that only one form of the latter factor may be
      active in vivo. In vitro, both factors relieve competition among both capped and
      uncapped reovirus mRNAs according to similar hierarchies. These results suggest
      that some feature other than the m7G cap, such as nucleotide sequence or
      secondary structure, is recognized by the discriminatory factor.

PMID- 6572363
TI  - Rapid similarity searches of nucleic acid and protein data banks.
AB  - With the development of large data banks of protein and nucleic acid sequences,
      the need for efficient methods of searching such banks for sequences similar to a
      given sequence has become evident. We present an algorithm for the global
      comparison of sequences based on matching k-tuples of sequence elements for a
      fixed k. The method results in substantial reduction in the time required to
      search a data bank when compared with prior techniques of similarity analysis,
      with minimal loss in sensitivity. The algorithm has also been adapted, in a
      separate implementation, to produce rigorous sequence alignments. Currently,
      using the DEC KL-10 system, we can compare all sequences in the entire Protein
      Data Bank of the National Biomedical Research Foundation with a 350-residue query
      sequence in less than 3 min and carry out a similar analysis with a 500-base
      query sequence against all eukaryotic sequences in the Los Alamos Nucleic Acid
      Data Base in less than 2 min.

PMID- 6572362
TI  - Transport and direct utilization of gamma-glutamylcyst(e)ine for glutathione
      synthesis.
AB  - Administration of gamma-glutamylcystine or of gamma-glutamylcysteine disulfide to
      mice leads to significantly increased levels of glutathione in the kidney as
      compared to controls given glutamate plus cysteine (or cystinylbisglycine).
      Studies with gamma-glutamylcystine selectively labeled with 35S in either the
      internal or external S atom indicate preferential utilization of the gamma
      glutamylcysteine moiety of this compound for glutathione synthesis. Mice depleted
      of glutathione by treatment with buthionine sulfoximine do not significantly use
      the disulfides gamma-glutamylcystine or gamma-glutamylcysteine disulfide but do
      use gamma-glutamylcysteine for glutathione synthesis. These findings suggest a
      pathway in which gamma-glutamylcystine, formed by transpeptidation between
      glutathione and cystine, is transported and reduced by transhydrogenation with
      glutathione to cysteine and gamma-glutamylcysteine; the latter is used directly
      for glutathione synthesis. The findings show transport of gamma-glutamyl amino
      acids, indicate an alternative pathway of glutathione synthesis, and demonstrate
      a means of increasing kidney glutathione levels.

PMID- 6572364
TI  - Dynamics of heme iron in crystals of metmyoglobin and deoxymyoglobin.
AB  - The 57Fe gamma-ray resonance absorption spectra have been measured in crystals of
      metmyoglobin and deoxymyoglobin over a wide range of temperatures. Above a
      critical temperature common to both proteins (220 K), the dynamics of heme iron
      display a dramatic change, in that two kinds of thermal fluctuations come into
      play--a fast fluctuation associated with a steep decrease of the total
      fluctuation of characteristic time 10(-8) sec, associated with bounded diffusive
      motion. By using both discrete jump and continuous diffusion models, the latter
      based on the Brownian motion of an overdamped harmonic oscillator, the essential
      parameters of the iron motion (mean square displacement and jump frequency or
      diffusion constant) can be derived as a function of temperature. Thus, for deoxy
      Mb at 288 K, the mean square displacement for the fast fluctuation is about 6 X
      10(-2) A2 and for the diffusive motion is 1.6 X 10(-2) A2; the diffusion constant
      is 4 X 10(-10) cm2/sec. The diffusive process is associated with an activation
      energy of about 0.75 kcal/mol. Although the same general kinds of phenomena are
      observed in crystals of MetMb and deoxy Mb, significant differences in behavior
      are found, which suggest that the main dynamical phenomenon observed reflects
      internal large-scale motions of the protein.

PMID- 6572365
TI  - X-ray scattering from the superhelix in circular DNA.
AB  - This communication presents measurements, made with a newly constructed position
      sensitive detector, of the small-angle x-ray scattering from the first-order
      superhelix of native COP608 plasmid DNA. This instrument measures intensities
      free of slit effects and provides good resolution in the region of interest. The
      reported observations, made both in the presence and in the absence of
      intercalator, closely fit the scattering patterns calculated for noninterwound
      helical first-order superhelices. These results are consistent with a toroidal
      helical structure but not with interwound conformations. The pitch angle alpha
      and contour length per turn c are reported for the native molecule at several
      concentrations of the platinum intercalating compound. From these parameters, the
      best-fitting toroidal helix is constructed and its geometry is investigated. The
      specific linking difference of the native molecule is estimated to be delta
      Lk/Lk0 approximately equal to -0.055. If the best-fitting toroidal helix is taken
      to be the actual structure, the partitioning of superhelicity between twist and
      writhe occurs in the approximate ratio of 2:1.

PMID- 6572366
TI  - Adiabatic compressibility of globular proteins.
AB  - The adiabatic compressibility of several globular proteins has been measured by
      using an ultrasonic technique in the frequency range 0.5 to 10 MHz. The
      contributions to the measured compressibility from the protein matrix and from
      surface processes involving ionization of side chains and solvation effects are
      discussed. The internal protein compressibility is very low, indicating the
      existence of "dynamic domains" which are tentatively assigned to secondary
      structure elements.

PMID- 6572367
TI  - Calcium/calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation of vimentin in rat sertoli cells.
AB  - Ca2+-dependent protein phosphorylation and the role of calmodulin in this process
      was investigated in subcellular fractions of primary cultures of rat Sertoli
      cells. Significant Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphorylation in Sertoli
      cells was restricted to the cytosol fraction. The calmodulin dependence of these
      effects was confirmed by using the calmodulin inhibitor trifluoperazine. One of
      the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphoproteins was identified as the intermediate
      filament protein vimentin, based on the following criteria: (i) migration pattern
      in two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels, (ii) Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent
      phosphorylation of a 58-kilodalton protein present in detergent-insoluble
      intermediate filament protein extract of Sertoli cells, and (iii) peptide mapping
      of the phosphoprotein. These data support a role for Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent
      protein phosphorylation in the modulation of Sertoli cell cytoskeletal
      components.

PMID- 6572368
TI  - Structural and biological characteristics of connective tissue activating peptide
      (CTAP-III), a major human platelet-derived growth factor.
AB  - Connective tissue activating peptides (CTAPs) extracted from leukocytes and
      platelets stimulate glycolysis and synthesis of glycosaminoglycan and DNA in
      cultured human connective tissue cells. CTAP-III, isolated from fresh or outdated
      human platelets, is a low molecular weight single-chain protein with an
      isoelectric point of 8.5 that markedly stimulates DNA synthesis and multiple
      aspects of glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan metabolism. This report presents a
      definitive comparison of CTAP-III prepared by two methods [one designated (A),
      alternative] with similar platelet proteins described by others, beta
      thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and low-affinity platelet factor 4 (LA-PF-4). CTAP-III,
      CTAP-III(A), LA-PF-4, and beta-TG have common antigenic determinants documented
      by immunoprecipitation and radioimmunoassay. CTAP-III, CTAP-III(A), and LA-PF-4
      are biologically active in that they stimulate DNA and glycosaminoglycan
      synthesis by human synovial cells; beta-TG is inactive. Carboxyl-terminal
      digestion gave identical terminal sequences for CTAP-III, CTAP-III(A), and beta
      TG. Amino-terminal sequence data indicate that CTAP-III and CTAP-III(A) (also LA
      PF-4) are identical and differ from beta-TG only by an additional amino-terminal
      tetrapeptide (Asn-Leu-Ala-Lys-). The biologically active molecule, CTAP-III, may
      be proteolytically converted to its inactive degradation product (beta-TG) in the
      course of platelet aging, platelet storage, release from the platelets, or
      initiation of biological activity.

PMID- 6572370
TI  - Quantitative correlation of homogeneously stained regions on chromosome 10 with
      dihydrofolate reductase enzyme in human cells.
AB  - Gene amplification may be visualized within a chromosome as a homogeneously
      stained region (HSR) and HSRs have rarely been reported in human tumor cells with
      identification of the amplified gene. A parental line and seven clones derived
      from KB cells resistant to methotrexate (MTX) contain dihydrofolate reductase
      (DHFR; tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase; EC 1.5.1.3), ranging from 0.007 unit/mg in
      the parent to 0.369 unit/mg in clone 7A with a 13,000-fold increase in resistance
      to MTX. The enzyme is identical to DHFR from other human sources, including that
      from leukemic patients. A HSR localized to the long arm of chromosome 10(q26) is
      present in clones selected at or above 2.5 microM MTX. Increase in number of 10q
      per cell, increase in number of HSR, and increasing amounts of DHFR correlate
      well. The chromosome change is stable with time as is enzyme production even in
      the absence of selection by MTX. No clone has shown double minutes. The gene copy
      number is low. The stability and low gene copy in the presence of large HSRs
      differ from the pattern described for murine tumors. A human gene for DHFR may be
      associated with the long arm of chromosome 10.

PMID- 6572369
TI  - Isolation of a cDNA clone for human X-linked 3-phosphoglycerate kinase by use of
      a mixture of synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides as a detection probe.
AB  - We have obtained a cDNA clone encoding most of human X-linked 3-phosphoglycerate
      kinase (PGK; ATP:3-phospho-D-glycerate 1-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.2.3). Total
      mRNA was prepared from human adenocarcinoma-derived cell line LS174T and used for
      cDNA preparation. Double-stranded cDNA was inserted, after tailing with
      oligo(dC), into the plasmid vector pBR327 and cloned in Escherichia coli K-12.
      Transformants were screened by colony hybridization with a mixture of 32P-labeled
      oligodeoxyribonucleotides. A pool of hexadecamers complementary to all 32
      possible sequences encoding amino acids 291-296 of X-linked PGK was used for the
      initial screen. One clone among 2,500 gave a strong positive signal. Plasmid DNA
      from this clone was purified and characterized by hybridization first to the
      hexadecamer probe mixture and then to an undecamer probe consisting of a mixture
      of four sequences. The cloned fragment hybridizes preferentially to DNA from
      human cells with five X chromosomes. DNA sequence analysis has established that
      the 1.2-kilobase-pair fragment encodes PGK from amino acid 121 through the COOH
      terminus.

PMID- 6572371
TI  - High-frequency mutation at the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase locus in Chinese
      hamster ovary cells due to deletion of the gene.
AB  - Evidence for a two-step model to explain the high-frequency expression of the
      recessive phenotype at the autosomal adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT; EC
      2.4.2.7) locus in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was given by Simon et al.
      [Simon, A. E., Taylor, M. W., Bradley, W. E. C. & Thompson, L. (1982) Mol. Cell.
      Biol. 2, 1126-1133]. This model proposed a high-frequency event, leading to
      allelic inactivation or a loss of gene function, and a low-frequency event,
      causing a structural alteration of the APRT protein. Either event could occur
      first, resulting in two classes of heterozygotes. We have analyzed the low
      frequency event that gave rise to the class 2 aprt heterozygote D416 and the high
      frequency event that led to APRT- cells derived from D416. Genomic Southern blots
      of Msp I- or Hpa II-digested DNA from wild-type CHO, aprt heterozygote D416, and
      two APRT- cell lines derived from D416 indicate a loss of a specific Msp I/Hpa II
      recognition sequence at one aprt locus in the heterozygote that correlates with
      the production of the electrophoretically altered APRT protein found in D416. The
      APRT- mutants are homozygous for the loss of this Msp I/Hpa II site. By using an
      additional CHO gene as an internal control, it was determined that the APRT-
      mutants contain only a single copy of the altered aprt gene. Thus, the high
      frequency event that produces APRT- mutants derived from D416 is not an
      inactivation event but rather a deletion of the wild-type aprt gene.

PMID- 6572372
TI  - A unitary mechanism of calcium antagonist drug action.
AB  - [3H]Nitrendipine binding to drug receptor sites associated with calcium channels
      is allosterically regulated by a diverse group of calcium channel antagonists.
      Verapamil, D-600 (methoxyverapamil), tiapamil, lidoflazine, flunarizine,
      cinnarizine, and prenylamine all reduce [3H]nitrendipine binding affinity. By
      contrast, diltiazem, a benzothiazepine calcium channel antagonist, enhances
      [3H]nitrendipine binding. All these drug effects involve a single site
      allosterically linked to the [3H]nitrendipine binding site. Inhibition of
      [3H]nitrendipine binding by prenylamine, lidoflazine, or tiapamil is reversed by
      D-600 and diltiazem, which alone respectively slightly reduce or enhance
      [3H]nitrendipine binding. Diltiazem reverses the inhibition of [3H]nitrendipine
      binding by D-600. Our prediction that drugs allosterically regulating
      [3H]nitrendipine binding should be calcium antagonists is confirmed by calcium
      antagonism in guinea pig ileum observed with the antihistamine dimethindene, the
      neuroleptics thioridazine and mesoridazine, and the anticholinergic biperiden.

PMID- 6572373
TI  - Human hypoxanthine (guanine) phosphoribosyltransferase: an amino acid
      substitution in a mutant form of the enzyme isolated from a patient with gout.
AB  - We have investigated the molecular basis for a deficiency of the enzyme
      hypoxanthine (guanine) phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT; IMP:pyrophosphate
      phosphoribosyltransferase, EC 2.4.2.8) in a patient with a severe form of gout.
      We reported in previous studies the isolation of a unique structural variant of
      HPRT from this patient's erythrocytes and cultured lymphoblasts. This enzyme
      variant, which is called HPRTLondon, is characterized by a decreased
      concentration of HPRT protein in erythrocytes and lymphoblasts, a normal Vmax, a
      5-fold increased Km for hypoxanthine, a normal isoelectric point, and an
      apparently smaller subunit molecular weight. Comparative peptide mapping
      experiments revealed a single abnormal tryptic peptide in HPRTLondon. Edman
      degradation of the aberrant peptide from HPRTLondon identified a serine-to
      leucine amino acid substitution at position 109. This substitution can be
      explained by a single nucleotide change in the codon for serine-109 (UCA leads to
      UUA). Thus a mutation at the HPRT locus has now been defined at the molecular
      level.

PMID- 6572374
TI  - Influence of diet on vascular lesions in autoimmune-prone B/W mice.
AB  - Autoimmune-prone B/W mice, which are known to develop severe glomerulonephritis
      and vasculitis, also are found to develop arteritis and proliferative and fatty
      proliferative lesions of the aorta and its branches as well as renal inflammatory
      lesions. High intake of saturated fat in the diet enhances the development of
      these atherosclerotic and autoimmune lesions significantly in female mice,
      whereas restriction of dietary calories and fat inhibits their development. Ad
      lib feeding of laboratory chow, high in fiber and low in fat, does not foster
      development of vascular lesions but does permit the development of autoimmune
      renal disease.

PMID- 6572375
TI  - Phosphorylation of parathyroid secretory protein.
AB  - The phosphorylation of proteins released into the medium of bovine parathyroid
      gland slices or isolated cells incubated with 32Pi has been investigated. The
      primary protein phosphorylated had a Mr of 68,000 and coeluted with newly
      synthesized parathyroid secretory protein (PSP) on Bio-Gel chromatography and on
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Isoelectric focusing of double-labeled
      samples ([35S]methionine and 32Pi) revealed comigration of the two radioactive
      markers at a pH of 4.6, which was similar to that of purified PSP.
      Phosphorylation of the Mr 68,000 protein was also demonstrated in cell
      homogenates incubated with [gamma-32P]ATP; the Mr 68,000 protein was the
      predominant labeled protein. Increasing quantities of calcium, with and without
      added EGTA, caused a progressive decrease in phosphorylation of the protein.
      These studies demonstrate that PSP is readily phosphorylated in parathyroid
      cells, that the degree of phosphorylation is inversely proportional to calcium
      concentration, and that PSP is the major phosphorylated protein released from the
      gland. The relationship of phosphorylation to the potential physiologic
      importance of PSP remains to be determined.

PMID- 6572376
TI  - Polyploid nuclei in human artery wall smooth muscle cells.
AB  - Although polyploid nuclei have long been known to be present in many adult human
      tissues, the ploidy of smooth muscle cells in human artery wall has never been
      determined. We measured DNA content in individual smooth muscle cell nuclei of
      artery wall specimens by two means: Feulgen microdensitometry and flow
      microfluorimetry. A significant percentage of nuclei were polyploid; most of
      these were tetraploid, although higher levels were also found. The frequency of
      polyploidy varied with age from less than 1% at birth to a mean of 7% in adult
      aortic, carotid, and iliac vessels. Atherosclerotic plaques had a lower
      tetraploid content than the underlying media, whereas normal intima was similar
      to the corresponding media. The increase in frequency of hyperploid smooth muscle
      cell nuclei correlates with the normal growth, development, and aging of human
      artery wall. We suggest that the regular existence of a subset of polyploid
      smooth muscle cells may indicate an important functional role for this phenotype.

PMID- 6572377
TI  - Identification and localization of amino acid substitutions between two
      phenobarbital-inducible rat hepatic microsomal cytochromes P-450 by micro
      sequence analyses.
AB  - Two isozymes of rat liver microsomal cytochrome P-450--P-450b and P-450e--were
      compared by micro sequence analyses of their NH2 termini and tryptic fragments.
      These two phenobarbital-inducible hemoproteins, which are immunochemically
      indistinguishable with antibody against cytochrome P-450b, have extensive
      sequence homology. Automated Edman degradation of the native proteins revealed
      identical amino acids for the first 35 residues. Sequence determinations of the
      tryptic peptides, which constitute approximately 75% of each protein molecule,
      have thus far shown 10 amino acid differences between the two isozymes. Results
      of our amino acid sequence analyses established that two of the cDNAs, pcP-450pb1
      and pcP-450pb4, reported by Fujii-Kuriyama et al. [Fujii-Kuriyama, Y., Mizukami,
      Y., Kamajiri, K., Sogawa, K. & Muramatsu, M. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
      79, 2793-2797] encode cytochrome P-450b whereas pcP-450pb2, a third cDNA whose
      nucleotide sequence differed slightly from that of the other two (six amino acid
      substitutions), encodes cytochrome P-450e. In addition to establishing the
      identity of these cloned cDNAs we provide direct evidence for seven additional
      amino acid differences between cytochromes P-450b and P-450e that occur beyond
      the region (Arg358) encoded by the cloned cDNA for cytochrome P-450e. Together,
      the amino acid sequences determined by micro sequence analysis and recombinant
      DNA techniques reveal 13 amino acid differences between these two isozymes. This
      report highlights the complementary nature of two different molecular approaches
      to elucidation of the amino acid sequences of isozymes with extensive structural
      homology.

PMID- 6572378
TI  - DNA-mediated alteration of the reversion frequency of transformed NIH/3T3 cells.
AB  - Cell selection immediately after DNA-mediated transfection of whole-cell DNA into
      mammalian cells has been used to select for specific DNA sequences that cause a
      phenotypic effect. Whole-cell mouse or human DNA was cleaved into a distribution
      of lengths (0.4-25 kilobase pairs) and transfected into anchorage-independent
      spontaneously transformed NIH/3T3 cells. Immediately after transaction, anchorage
      dependent serum concentration-dependent reverents were selected. The Hirt
      supernatant, containing extrachromosomal DNA resulting from the transfection, was
      isolated from the revertants and transfected with high molecular weight carrier
      DNA into a second population of transformed cells; revertants were again
      selected. After five to seven cycles of transfection of Hirt supernatant DNA
      (obtained from revertants selected at the previous cycle) into new populations of
      transformed cells at each cycle, the reversion frequency had become 5-15 times
      greater than the spontaneous reversion frequency measured for several subclones
      of nontransfected or mocktransfected transformed NIH/3T3 cells. When nonmammalian
      genomic DNAs were used in transfecting a first population of cells, there was no
      effect on the reversion of frequency even after six cycles of selection. The
      reversion-enhancing activity of sixth-cycle Hirt supernatant DNA resulting after
      transfection at the first cycle with mouse or human sequences was destroyed by
      EcoRI but not by BamHI or Sal I. Sequences resembling human Alu I sequences were
      found in mouse whole-cell DNA isolated from sixth-cycle revertants generated
      after transfection of human sequences at the first cycle.

PMID- 6572379
TI  - Stability of erythrocyte ghosts: a gamma-ray perturbed angular correlation study.
AB  - The structural integrity of erythrocyte ghosts made by the preswell and slow
      dialysis techniques has been studied in vitro by use of gamma-ray perturbed
      angular correlation (PAC) techniques and also by standard in vitro leakage
      methods employing sequestered labeled markers. Complexes of 111In3+ and
      nitrilotriacetate were encapsulated in ghosts made from human, rabbit, rat, and
      mouse erythrocytes, and their leakage was monitored by both methods. In addition,
      125I-labeled bovine serum albumin was encapsulated, and ghost integrity was
      monitored by conventional leakage measurements. With the PAC technique the
      percentage of material released from human ghosts was determined quantitatively,
      and the results were equivalent to those obtained by the conventional method. In
      addition, at various times after intravenous injection, tissue distribution of
      the ghosts in the mouse was studied. The percent injected dose per gram of tissue
      of the labeled surface proteins of erythrocyte ghosts in circulation approximated
      that of the entrapped labeled albumin. This suggests that the ghost membrane and
      contents are strongly associated in vivo. Large 125I-labeled bovine serum albumin
      molecules and small 111In3+-nitrilotriacetate complexes were delivered in high
      quantitites to the lung initially, and to the liver and spleen. Because
      erythrocyte ghosts have the ability to entrap a wide range of substances and
      deliver them to specific organs, ghosts may be preferable to other drug carriers
      or drug therapy for treatment of certain disorders.

PMID- 6572380
TI  - Synthetic peptide with cell attachment activity of fibronectin.
AB  - Four synthetic peptides that together constitute the cell attachment domain of
      fibronectin [Pierschbacher, M.D., Ruoslahti, E., Sundelin, J., Lind, P. &
      Peterson, P. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 9593-9597] were constructed and tested
      for their ability to induce cell attachment and spreading. One of these peptides,
      consisting of the 30 amino acid residues nearest the COOH terminus of the domain,
      contained all of the cell attachment activity of the whole domain. Under suitable
      conditions the peptide was approximately as active as intact fibronectin on a
      molar basis. The activity could be demonstrated by binding the peptide to
      polystyrene directly, or via albumin, or by coupling it to agarose beads. This
      synthetic peptide will be useful in the elucidation of the molecular details of
      the attachment of cells to fibronectin and could allow manipulation of the
      adhesive properties of cell culture surfaces and prosthetic materials.

PMID- 6572381
TI  - Polypeptide chain initiation in eukaryotes: reversibility of the ternary complex
      forming reaction.
AB  - In the last step of polypeptide chain initiation in eukaryotes, the interaction
      of the 40S preinitiation complex eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNAi.40S [the complex between the
      40S ribosomal subunit and the ternary complex containing equimolar amounts of
      eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2), GTP, and eukaryotic initiator methionyl
      tRNA (Met-tRNAi)] with a 60S ribosomal subunit in the presence of mRNA, cap
      binding protein (with "capped" messengers), ATP, and the initiation factors eIF
      3, eIF-4a, -4b, -4c, and eIF-5, results in the formation of an 80S initiation
      complex (Met-tRNAi.80S.mRNA) with concomitant hydrolysis of GTP and liberation of
      eIF-2 for recycling in subsequent initiation events. However, at physiological
      Mg2+ concentrations, GDP is known to have approximately equal to 100-fold greater
      affinity than GTP for eIF-2 and eIF-2 is believed to be released in the form of
      an eIF-2.GDP complex. Previously, we have shown that initiation factor SP (for
      eIF-2-stimulating protein) promotes the exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP for GTP and
      catalyzes ternary complex formation in the presence of Met-tRNAi. Binding of GDP
      by eIF-2 is indeed so tight that, as we now show, homogeneous preparations of eIF
      2 contain upward of 0.5 mol of GDP/mol of eIF-2. We further show that, in the
      presence of Mg2+ and catalytic amounts of SP, ternary complex formation conforms
      to the overall reversible reaction eIF-2.GDP + GTP + Met-tRNAi in equilibrium eIF
      2.GTP.Met-tRNAi + GDP.

PMID- 6572382
TI  - Rates of enzyme-catalyzed exchange determined by two-dimensional NMR: a study of
      glucose 6-phosphate anomerization and isomerization.
AB  - The application of two-dimensional (2D) Fourier-transform NMR to the
      determination of rate constants of complex enzyme-catalyzed reactions in the
      steady state is described. The yeast phosphoglucose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.9)
      catalyzed anomerization of glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) as well as its
      isomerization to fructose 6-phosphate (Fru-6-P) was chosen as an example. The 2D
      technique permitted the simultaneous monitoring of the time course of the
      anomerization and isomerization steps, from which the various reaction rates were
      determined. The results obtained in the steady state demonstrate the usefulness
      of the 2D technique by confirming that the anomerization of Glc-6-P is enzyme
      catalyzed and that the isomerization of the alpha anomer of Glc-6-P to Fru-6-P is
      at least 10 times faster than the isomerization of the beta anomer of Glc-6-P.
      These results are compared with reaction rates obtained by rapid-quench methods
      and the mechanistic implications are discussed. Extrapolation of these results
      suggests that the 2D Fourier-transform NMR method should be applicable in intact
      biological tissues.

PMID- 6572383
TI  - Antibodies of predetermined specificity detect two retroviral oncogene products
      and inhibit their kinase activities.
AB  - Oligopeptides predicted from the nucleotide sequence of the oncogene v-fes of
      feline sarcoma virus (FeSV) were synthesized chemically and used to generate
      specific antibodies. Antisera against a 12-amino-acid-long oligopeptide (12-mer)
      located 42 residues from the carboxyl terminus of the v-fes coding sequence
      efficiently recognized the transforming proteins encoded by Snyder-Theilen (ST)
      and Gardner-Arnstein (GA) strains of FeSV. This 12-mer also contains 10 amino
      acid residues homologous in order and position to those predicted from the
      nucleotide sequence of the oncogene v-fps of avian Fujinami sarcoma virus (FSV).
      The anti-12-mer immunoprecipitated the FSV-specific transforming protein
      molecules from FSV-transformed cells. Binding of these antipeptide antibody
      molecules to the v-fes and the v-fps gene products inhibited their associated
      tyrosine-specific protein kinase (EC 2.7.1.37) activities. The ability to
      generate such site-specific antisera to the products of related oncogenes will be
      valuable in the molecular characterization of retroviral transforming proteins
      and their normal cellular homologs.

PMID- 6572384
TI  - Promoter-proximal pausing by RNA polymerase II in vitro: transcripts shorter than
      20 nucleotides are not capped.
AB  - We have synthesized RNA from cloned adenovirus 2 late promoter DNA in an in vitro
      transcription extract under UTP-limiting conditions. Under these circumstances,
      almost all of the alpha-amanitin-sensitive RNA produced is shorter than 20
      nucleotides; most of these short transcripts are present in four species, 6, 7,
      13, and 17 nucleotides. These short RNAs are initiated at the adenovirus 2
      promoter, as judged by partial sequence analysis and by the abolition of their
      synthesis upon cleavage of the template DNA at sites which also abolish the
      production of full-length transcripts. All of the short transcripts can be
      chased, with excess UTP, into 197-base run-off transcripts; thus, these RNAs are
      precursors of full-length transcripts and not synthetic "dead ends."
      Significantly, none of these short RNAs is capped or 2'-O-methylated. However, 79
      base run-off transcripts synthesized from this promoter with nonlimiting NTP
      levels are fully capped.

PMID- 6572385
TI  - Unwinding associated with synapsis of DNA molecules by recA protein.
AB  - In the presence of adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate, a nonhydrolyzable
      analog of ATP, Escherichia coli recA protein extensively unwinds duplex DNA in a
      reaction that is strongly stimulated by either homologous or heterologous single
      stranded DNA [Cunningham, R.P., Shibata, T., DasGupta, C. & Radding, C.M. (1979)
      Nature (London) 281, 191-195]. In the presence of ATP and homologous circular
      single-stranded DNA, recA protein also unwinds circular duplex DNA that is nicked
      at a heterologous site. When DNA ligase seals this nick, the product is a highly
      negatively superhelical molecule that can be relaxed by E. coli topoisomerase I.
      This unwinding requires a high degree of homology since phi X174 single-stranded
      DNA does not serve as a cofactor in the unwinding of G4 DNA, even though these
      molecules are 70% homologous. Like synapsis itself, and unlike strand exchange
      which follows synapsis, unwinding is sensitive to inhibition by ADP. Because recA
      protein unwinds duplex DNA when neither the single-stranded DNA nor the duplex
      DNA has a free end in the region of homology, unwinding can be initiated or
      mediated by a synaptic structure that differs from that of a simple D loop. The
      paired circular single strand in the synaptic structure behaves like one strand
      of an under-wound helix because E. coli topoisomerase I can interwind it with its
      complement.

PMID- 6572386
TI  - Endogenous inhibitors of lysosomal proteinases.
AB  - Specific inhibitors of three lysosomal proteinases are present in the cytosolic
      and lysosomal compartments of rabbit liver. The cytosolic inhibitors, purified by
      chromatography on DEAE-Trisacryl and Sephadex G-75, show specificities toward
      cathepsin M, cathepsins B and L, and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase converting
      enzyme (CE), respectively, and are designated IM, IB/L, and ICE. Inhibitors with
      similar specificities have been isolated from the intralysosomal compartment. Two
      of these inhibitors, IM and ICE, are also present in the lysosomal membranes. The
      lysosomal distribution parallels that of the respective proteinases. The
      inhibitors are polypeptides with molecular weights of 5,000-10,000 for the two
      forms of IB/L, 12,500 for IM, and 10,000-40,000 for the ICE species.

PMID- 6572388
TI  - Construction and characterization of cDNA clones for four respiratory syncytial
      viral genes.
AB  - Cytoplasmic poly(A)-containing RNA from respiratory syncytial virus-infected
      cells was used as a template to synthesize oligo(dT)-primed cDNAs. Discrete size
      classes of single-stranded cDNAs, resolved by alkali agarose gel electrophoresis,
      were used separately to construct double-stranded cDNAs that were subsequently
      inserted into the plasmid vector pBR322 at the Pst I site by means of
      oligo(dG)oligo(dC) tailing. After transfection of Escherichia coli, recombinant
      plasmids were screened mostly by serial rounds of hybrid selection of mRNAs from
      virus-infected cells and subsequent in vitro translation of the selected mRNAs.
      Comparative peptide mapping of the translation products with those of authentic
      virion proteins served to establish the viral origin of the cDNA recombinants. In
      this manner, four distinct classes of recombinant plasmids were identified. These
      encode sequences corresponding to those of respiratory syncytial virus
      nucleocapsid protein, matrix protein, phosphoprotein, and a nonstructural
      protein.

PMID- 6572387
TI  - Mechanism of action of glycopeptide hormones and cholera toxin: what is the role
      of ADP-ribosylation?
AB  - The cultured murine Leydig tumor cell line MLTC-1 and the normal rat thyroid
      strain FRTL have adenylate cyclase activities that are stimulated by human
      chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and thyrotropin, respectively. Both cell types also
      respond to choleragen. Activation of adenylate cyclase in membranes by choleragen
      required NAD whereas stimulation of the enzyme by hormones did not. With [alpha
      32P]NAD as a donor, ADP-ribosylation of membrane proteins was determined under
      the same conditions used to assay adenylate cyclase activity. Under these
      conditions, choleragen, but not the hormones, caused the ADP-ribosylation of
      subunits of the regulatory component (G/F) of adenylate cyclase in both FRTL and
      MLTC-1 membranes. In the absence of any effectors, several membrane proteins
      became labeled but the hormones did not cause the specific labeling of these or
      any other membrane proteins. Pretreatment of intact MLTC-1 cells with hCG did not
      block the ability of choleragen to ADP-ribosylate G/F in isolated membranes;
      labeling was actually enhanced in a manner related to the length of exposure to
      hCG. In contrast, pretreatment of the cells with choleragen inhibited ADP
      ribosylation of G/F by the toxin in isolated membranes. Extracts of membranes
      from untreated, hCG-treated, and choleragen-treated MLTC-1 cells were used to
      reconstitute adenylate cyclase activity in membranes from the cyc- variant of S49
      lymphoma cells which lacks a functional G/F. Toxin but not hormone treatment
      caused an increase in the basal activity of adenylate cyclase in the
      reconstituted system. Our results indicate that ADP-ribosylation of the
      regulatory component of adenylate cyclase is required for choleragen action but
      not for hormone action.

PMID- 6572389
TI  - alpha-Radiation dose at bronchial bifurcations of smokers from indoor exposure to
      radon progeny.
AB  - Synergistic interactions of indoor radon progeny with the cigarette smoking
      process have been evaluated experimentally. Smoking enhances the air
      concentration of submicron particles and attached radon decay products.
      Fractionation in burning cigarettes gives rise to the association of radon
      progeny with large particles in mainstream cigarette smoke, which are selectively
      deposited in "hot spots" at bronchial bifurcations. Because smoke tars are
      resistant to dissolution in lung fluid, attached radon progeny undergo
      substantial radioactive decay at bifurcations before clearance. Radon progeny
      inhaled during normal breathing between cigarettes make an even larger
      contribution to the alpha-radiation dose at bifurcations. Progressive chemical
      and radiation damage to the epithelium at bifurcations gives rise to prolonged
      retention of insoluble 210Pb-enriched smoke particles produced by tobacco
      trichome combustion. The high incidence of lung cancer in cigarette smokers is
      attributed to the cumulative alpha-radiation dose at bifurcations from indoor
      radon and thoron progeny--218Po, 214Po, 212Po, and 212Bi--plus that from 210Po in
      210Pb-enriched smoke particles. It is estimated that a carcinogenic alpha
      radiation dose of 80-100 rads (1 rad = 0.01 J/kg = 0.01 Gy) is delivered to
      approximately equal to 10(7) cells (approximately equal to 10(6) cells at
      individual bifurcations) of most smokers who die of lung cancer.

PMID- 6572390
TI  - Quantitative spatial distributions of calcium, phosphorus, and sulfur in
      calcifying epiphysis by high resolution electron spectroscopic imaging.
AB  - Electron spectroscopic imaging, a new technique that permits the quantitative
      detection of the spatial distributions of atomic elements at high resolution, has
      been applied to the epiphyseal zone of hypertrophy in the mouse for the
      visualization of calcium, phosphorus, and sulfur. Longitudinally sectioned
      epiphyseal growth plates reveal a developmental sequence in the longitudinal
      septum leading from a noncalcified matrix to a calcified matrix. During the early
      stages of this transition, matrix granules containing highly localized
      concentrations of P (200-400 atoms/nm2) are found spatially separate from Ca
      containing sites. These Ca localizations displayed a concentration range of 20
      350 atoms/nm2 and a complete spatial overlap with sulfur. At these sites, S
      levels range from 10 to 200 atoms/nm2. At a later stage, and therefore more
      proximal to the zone of provisional calcification, the usual scattered,
      irregularly shaped mineral deposits are found. These sites contain a virtual
      superposition of Ca with both P and S. The Ca/P and Ca/S ratios of these mineral
      deposits are predominantly 1.0 with only minor, locally varying ratios present.

PMID- 6572391
TI  - Potassium-dependent increases in cytosolic pH stimulate metabolism and motility
      of mammalian sperm.
AB  - Sperm cytosolic pH, determined by the spectral properties of intracellular
      carboxyfluorescein, is decreased rapidly by the diffusion and subsequent
      dissociation of the uncharged weak acids pyruvic, lactic, or hydroxybutyric and
      is increased by diffusion and subsequent intracellular protonation of the weak
      base NH3. Metabolic and kinetic activity increases dramatically when
      intracellular pH is elevated above 6.8-6.9 by addition of 50 mM NH4Cl to sperm
      suspended in a 120 mM NaCl medium. Respiratory stimulation is not observed upon
      comparable additions of 50 mM Li+ or K+ or when the pH of the medium is increased
      from 6.5 to 8.2. However, increases of the external pH to 7.8-8.2 in medium
      employing 120 mM KCl result in increased metabolic and kinetic activity,
      comparable to the maximal stimulation induced by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor
      caffeine. An increase in cytosolic pH from 6.3-6.6 to 6.8 occurs concomitant with
      the respiratory stimulation induced by KCl in alkaline media. No change in
      cytosolic pH follows addition of caffeine. Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase
      activity ratios, determined in cellular extracts, are increased by caffeine
      treatment but are not elevated by 120 mM KCl, by alkaline pH, or by their
      combination. These observations indicate that cytosolic pH plays a role in the
      regulation of motility and metabolism of mammalian sperm that is not mediated by
      cyclic AMP but that may be under control of a plasma membrane voltage-dependent
      proton channel. However, H+ fluxes across vesicles prepared from sperm membranes
      are unaffected by variation in the magnitude of the transvesicular K+
      concentration gradient.

PMID- 6572392
TI  - Membrane 126-kilodalton phosphoglycoprotein associated with human carcinomas
      identified by a hybridoma antibody to mammary carcinoma cells.
AB  - A large number of hybridomas producing antibodies to the membrane fraction of a
      human mammary carcinoma cell line have been produced. Among those hybridoma
      antibodies that bound to exposed surface membrane epitopes on the human mammary
      carcinoma cell line BT-20, one has been found to bind to all tested breast
      carcinoma cell lines as well as to a number of other human carcinomas by solid
      phase radioimmunoassay. This hybridoma antibody, designated 10-3D2, does not bind
      to normal mammary epithelium, a variety of control cell lines, or selected normal
      human tissue homogenates. The 10-3D2 hybridoma antibody identifies by
      immunoprecipitation a membrane 126-kilodalton protein which is indistinguishable
      in different tumor cells. It is glycosylated by reference to incorporation of
      [3H]glucosamine and also is phosphorylated by reference to incorporation of 32P.
      It is present in a finely granular pattern on the cell surface of mammary
      carcinoma cells with concentration at the sites of apparent cell-cell contact.
      This 126-kilodalton phosphoglycoprotein, which we have consistently been unable
      to identify by immunoprecipitation of intrinsically labeled normal cells, may
      represent a heretofore unrecognized tumor-associated marker for human mammary
      carcinomas as well as certain other types of human neoplasms.

PMID- 6572393
TI  - Low molecular weight microtubule-associated proteins are light chains of
      microtubule-associated protein 1 (MAP 1).
AB  - Microtubule-associated protein 1 (MAP 1; Mr = 350,000) was analyzed by column
      chromatography of microtubule protein obtained from calf brain gray and white
      matter. Two low molecular weight proteins (LMW MAPs; Mr 28,000 and 30,000) were
      found to cochromatograph with MAP 1 under all conditions examined. MAP 1 and the
      LMW MAPs were purified from calf brain white matter as a complex containing
      approximately equimolar amounts of the three species. Urea (6 M) was used to
      remove the LMW MAPs from MAP 1. Binding of MAP 1 to microtubules was unaffected
      by urea and occurred with or without the LMW species. Electron microscopy of
      microtubules composed of purified tubulin and either MAP 1 preparation revealed
      that, like MAP 2, MAP 1 has the appearance of a filamentous arm on the
      microtubule surface.

PMID- 6572394
TI  - Dynamics of pyrimidine deoxynucleoside triphosphate pools in relationship to DNA
      synthesis in 3T6 mouse fibroblasts.
AB  - The 3H-labeled nucleosides cytidine, deoxycytidine, and thymidine are rapidly
      incorporated into DNA via dCTP or dTTP pools. Between 30 and 60 min after
      addition of tracer amounts of a labeled nucleoside to the medium of rapidly
      growing 3T6 cells, dNTP pools attained a constant specific activity resulting
      from a steady-state equilibrium between incorporation of nucleoside, de novo
      synthesis, and linear incorporation of isotope into DNA. Removal of labeled
      deoxycytidine or thymidine depleted the dNTP pools of isotope within a few
      minutes and incorporation into DNA stopped. When de novo synthesis of dTTP was
      blocked with amethopterin, the intracellular dTTP pool rapidly reached the
      specific activity of thymidine of the medium and isotope incorporation into DNA
      then measured absolute rates of DNA synthesis. In experiments with and without
      amethopterin, we found no kinetic evidence for the existence of more than one
      dTTP pool and the decay of the pool suggested that all dTTP served as precursor
      of DNA. In contrast, experiments with deoxycytidine and cytidine suggested the
      presence of separate dCTP pools with preferential DNA synthesis from the pool
      labeled from cytidine.

PMID- 6572395
TI  - Antibody-targeted liposomes: increase in specific toxicity of methotrexate-gamma
      aspartate.
AB  - Liposomes conjugated with anti-H2Kk antibody associate with L929 murine
      fibroblasts in 6- to 20-fold greater amount than do nonspecific liposomes. The
      ability of methotrexate-gamma-aspartate to inhibit L929 growth is increased 10
      fold when encapsulated in targeted liposomes but is decreased to 50% when
      encapsulated in liposomes with no specificity for the target cells. Ammonium
      chloride inhibits the effects of the encapsulated but not the free drug. Soluble
      antibody does not inhibit the efficacy of targeted vesicles, but empty targeted
      vesicles do inhibit the efficacy. The compound in both targeted and nontargeted
      vesicles has a minimal effect on BALB/c3T6 fibroblasts. These results demonstrate
      the potential of antibody-targeted liposomes and the importance of selecting
      liposome-dependent cytotoxic agents.

PMID- 6572396
TI  - Evolution, development, and the units of selection.
AB  - The "Modern Synthesis" forms the foundation of current evolutionary theory. It is
      based on variation among individuals within populations. Variations within
      individuals are believed to hold no phylogenetic significance because such
      variation cannot be transmitted to the germ line (i.e., Weismann's doctrine).
      Weismann's doctrine, however, does not apply to protists, fungi, or plants and is
      an entirely unsupported assumption for 19 phyla of animals. This fact requires
      that the Modern Synthesis be reexamined and modified.

PMID- 6572397
TI  - Unusual structure of the chicken embryonic alpha-globin gene, pi'.
AB  - We report the DNA sequence of the globin locus encoding the chicken embryonic
      alpha-globin, pi'. The structure differs significantly from that of the two
      chicken adult alpha-globin genes, alpha A and alpha D, as well as from that of
      previously studied adult alpha-globin genes in that the introns of the pi' gene
      are substantially larger than those in adult alpha-globin loci. In contrast, the
      pi' introns are structurally similar to the only other expressed embryonic alpha
      globin gene reported to date, the human zeta gene. While completing the sequence
      of the pi' gene, we determined that only one chromosomal locus within the chicken
      genome hybridizes to a pi' central exon probe. These data lead to the conclusion
      that if the equimolar chicken embryonic alpha-globin polypeptides, called pi and
      pi', are indeed independently transcribed, then that transcription occurs from
      alleles of the same gene; however, we favor the possibility that the pi gene does
      not actually exist. This conclusion is drawn from the observation that the two
      chromosomal alleles of embryonic alpha-globins (represented by recombinant
      bacteriophage lambda CaG5 and lambda CaG7) both encode pi'.

PMID- 6572398
TI  - Recessive lethal deletion on mouse chromosome 7 affects glucocorticoid receptor
      binding activities.
AB  - The hormone binding activity of glucocorticoid receptors is decreased by
      approximately equal to 75% in the livers of mice homozygous for c14CoS, one of
      several overlapping radiation-induced deletions on chromosome 7. These deletions
      have been shown previously to map at and around the albino (c) locus and to act
      as recessive lethals. They are associated with intractable hypoglycemia,
      ultrastructural abnormalities in certain liver cell membranes, and deficiencies
      of specific liver proteins and enzymes that are induced by insulin or
      glucocorticoids, or both. Scatchard analysis of [3H]dexamethasone binding to
      receptors in control and mutant liver extracts revealed that the glucocorticoid
      binding constants were similar; however, the control extracts bound approximately
      equal to 4 times as much steroid as did mutant extracts. Analysis by DNA
      cellulose column chromatography demonstrated that the ability of activated
      glucocorticoid receptors to form complexes with DNA appears to be unaltered in
      the mutants; both mutant and control cytosols contain glucocorticoid receptors
      that elute from DNA-cellulose columns at two different salt concentrations.
      Sucrose density gradient centrifugation revealed the glucocorticoid receptors in
      mutant livers to have approximately the same sedimentation coefficient as
      receptors in control livers. The decrease in glucocorticoid binding activity in
      mutant liver cell extracts is comparable in degree to that previously reported
      for insulin binding activity. The gene sequences deleted in the homozygous
      deletion mutants appear to be instrumental in the regulation rather than the
      structural determination of both glucocorticoid and insulin receptors.

PMID- 6572399
TI  - Identification of a second class I antigen controlled by the K end of the H-2
      complex and its selective cellular expression.
AB  - Immunoprecipitates obtained from [35S]methionine-labeled spleen cells by using
      monoclonal antibodies specific for H-2Kd and H-2Dd have been separated by two
      dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Analysis of these gel patterns
      revealed the presence of an additional product of the K end of the H-2d complex,
      designated here as H-2K'. To determine whether H-2K' is a unique protein or a
      differentially glycosylated form of the previously characterized H-2Kd
      histocompatibility antigen, nonglycosylated molecules labeled in the presence of
      tunicamycin were examined. The results showed that both H-2K and H-2K' have
      distinct nonglycosylated polypeptide precursor forms. The approximate molecular
      weight differences between the fully glycosylated and nonglycosylated molecules
      also indicated the presence of three oligosaccharide side chains on H-2K', as is
      the case with H-2Kd, whereas H-2Dd has only two oligosaccharide units. The
      cellular expression of H-2K' was also investigated. Comparison of H-2 antigens
      immunoprecipitated from normal spleen cells and from thioglycollate-induced
      adherent peritoneal exudate cells cultured in the presence or absence of
      supernatant fluids from concanavalin A-stimulated spleen cells revealed that H
      2K' was not expressed on the adherent peritoneal cells. This indicates that H-2K'
      is expressed in a tissue-specific manner, unlike the classical histocompatibility
      antigens H-2K and H-2D.

PMID- 6572400
TI  - Functional role for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the caudate nucleus: a 2
      deoxy[14C]glucose investigation.
AB  - The quantitative autoradiographic 2-deoxy-[14C]glucose technique has been used
      with conscious rats to investigate the functional consequences (reflected as
      alterations in local rates of glucose utilization) of unilateral intrastriatal
      administration of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Intrastriatal administration
      of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (20 pmol) significantly increased local
      glucose utilization in the injected striatum, where the increased use was
      localized in small punctate areas (100-500 microns wide in coronal sections)
      scattered throughout the nucleus at considerable distances (up to 4 mm) from the
      injection site. Significantly increased glucose utilization after intrastriatal
      injection of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide was observed in a number of
      regions (e.g., substantia nigra pars compacta, entopeduncular nucleus, lateral
      habenular nucleus, entorhinal, pyriform cortices, and amygdala) with known
      primary or secondary neuronal connections with the caudate nucleus. These
      alterations in glucose utilization were highly focal in nature, with the majority
      (40 of the 50 examined) of brain regions displaying unaltered rates of glucose
      utilization. The data provide evidence, obtained in conscious animals, that
      vasoactive intestinal polypeptide can modify functional processes in the caudate
      nucleus.

PMID- 6572401
TI  - Reward learning in normal and mutant Drosophila.
AB  - Hungry fruit flies can be trained by exposing them to two chemical odorants, one
      paired with the opportunity to feed on 1 M sucrose. On later testing, when given
      a choice between odorants the flies migrate specifically toward the sucrose
      paired odor. This appetitively reinforced learning by the flies is similar in
      strength and character to previously demonstrated negatively reinforced learning,
      but it differs in several properties. Both memory consolidation and memory decay
      proceed relatively slowly after training with sucrose reward. Consolidation of
      learned information into anesthesia-resistant long-term memory requires about 100
      min after training with sucrose compared to about 30 min after training with
      electric shock. Memory in wild-type flies persists for 24 hr after training with
      sucrose compared to 4-6 hr after training with electric shock. Memory in amnesiac
      mutants appears to be similarly lengthened, from 1 hr to 6 hr, by substituting
      sucrose reward for shock punishment. Two other mutants, dunce and rutabaga, which
      were isolated because they failed to learn the shock-avoidance task, learn
      normally in response to sucrose reward but forget rapidly afterward. One mutant,
      turnip, does not learn in either paradigm. Reward and punishment can be combined
      in olfactory discrimination training by pairing one odor to sucrose and the other
      to electric shock. In this situation, the expression of learning is approximately
      the sum of that obtained by using either reinforcement alone. After such
      training, memory decays at two distinct rates, each characteristic of one type of
      reinforcement.

PMID- 6572402
TI  - PGE2 and angiogenesis.
AB  - The angiogenic capability of PGE2 was tested by implanting pellets of an ethylene
      vinyl acetate slow release polymer containing PGE2 on the chorioallantoic
      membrane of 8-day-old chicken embryos. Elvax pellets releasing approximately 0.2,
      2.0, or 20 ng/day PGE2 were found to induce neovascular responses. In contrast,
      pellets releasing 2.0 or 20 ng/day of either PGA2, PGF2, or TXB2 did not appear
      to be angiogenic when compared with PGE2. These release rates of PGE2 are similar
      to those reported for a variety of tumors, activated macrophages, inflammatory
      exudates, and rheumatoid synovia, suggesting that PGE2 may be a key factor in
      various neovascular reactions.

PMID- 6572403
TI  - The local edemogenic effects of leukotriene C4 and prostaglandin E2 in rats.
AB  - Leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) have been studied for their
      effects on vascular permeability in rats. LTC4 and/or PGE2 were dissolved in 0.3%
      ethanol and were administered subcutaneously (0.1 m1) in the plantar surface of
      one of the hind paws of different series of rats. The changes in vascular
      permeability were measured by the radioactive marker (HSA.I125) method. LTC4
      administered in dose of 2 X 10(-8) M produced marked increase (77 and 133%) in
      the vascular permeability (local edemogenic effect). PGE2 administered in a dose
      of 10(-6) M also produced significant increase (38 and 40%) in the vascular
      permeability. However, PGE2 in the same dose either administered along with LTC4
      or administered at 30 minutes after the injection of LTC4 (2 X 10(-8) M) did not
      have any potentiating effect on the edemogenic response of LTC4.

PMID- 6572404
TI  - Levels of plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in normotensive and essential hypertensive
      males with and without a family history of hypertension.
AB  - Prostacyclin may act physiologically as an antihypertensive hormone. It remains
      uncertain, however, whether prostacyclin may be involved in the etiology of
      primary hypertension. As an index of prostacyclin production, we measured the
      levels of venous plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha by specific radioimmunoassay after
      silicic acid column chromatographic purification in 31 normotensive and 36
      hypertensive males. The subjects were grouped according to the presence or
      absence of a family history of hypertension, and matched for age and blood
      pressure. Levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in normotensive males with a family history
      of hypertension (12.0 +/- 1.7 pg/ml; mean +/- SEM; n = 18) were lower than in
      normotensive males without a family history of hypertension (17.7 +/- 2.0 pg/ml;
      n = 13) (p less than 0.01). Levels of plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in hypertensive
      males with a family history of hypertension (10.2 +/- 1.2 pg/ml; n = 15) were
      lower than in hypertensive males without a family history of hypertension (20.5
      +/- 1.5 pg/ml; n = 21) (p less than 0.005). The levels of plasma 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha in males with a family history of hypertension may be decreased
      genetically. The decrease in production of prostacyclin in males with a family
      history of hypertension may be a factor in the etiology of hypertension.

PMID- 6572405
TI  - Endogenous prostaglandins do not modulate the hindquarters vascular responses to
      adrenergic stimulation in rats.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to examine whether endogenous prostaglandins (PGs)
      modulate vascular responsiveness to adrenergic stimuli in the hindquarters of
      stroke-prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR-sp) and Wistar-Kyoto rats
      (WKY). Previously we have shown that synthesis of endogenous PGs in blood vessels
      in the rat hindquarters was greater in SHR-sp than in WKY and that high salt diet
      increased the level of endogenous PGs in SHR-sp but not in WKY. Vascular
      responses to norepinephrine (NE) and sympathetic nerve stimulation (SNS) were
      examined before and after indomethacin (IND), 2 mg/kg, administered
      intravenously. NE was administered intraarterially into the autoperfused
      hindquarters. Hindquarters vascular responses to these vasoconstrictor stimuli
      were not altered by IND in SHR-sp and WKY at the different level of endogenous
      PGs. These results indicate that hindquarters vasoconstriction in response to
      adrenergic stimuli were not altered by IND even when vascular synthesis of
      endogenous PGs was augmented. The results suggest that endogenous PGs do not
      modulate the hindquarters responses to adrenergic stimulation in rats.

PMID- 6572406
TI  - Excretion of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and PGE2 in rats with hereditary hypothalamic
      diabetes insipidus.
AB  - We measured the urinary excretion of a stable metabolite of prostacyclin, 6-keto
      PGF1 alpha, and of PGE2 in homozygous Brattleboro rats, a strain with hereditary
      hypothalamic diabetes insipidus. Excretion of both prostaglandins was largely
      increased compared to both heterozygous Brattleboro rats and Long-Evans rats.
      These results are in contrast to previously published observations demonstrating
      a subnormal excretion of PGE2 in Brattleboro rats. It is suggested that
      prostaglandin synthesis may be under tonic inhibitory control by vasopressin both
      in the kidney and in the endothelial cells of blood vessels. The findings further
      support the view that prostaglandins play an important role in the regulation of
      water excretion and in the pathogenesis of polyuric conditions.

PMID- 6572407
TI  - Analgesic consultation.

PMID- 6572408
TI  - Radiation absorbed-dose estimates for the liver, spleen, and metaphyseal growth
      complexes in children undergoing gallium-67 citrate scanning.
AB  - Quantitative conjugate-view external counting techniques were applied to estimate
      the radiation dose to the liver, spleen, and metaphyseal growth complexes (distal
      femur and proximal tibia) for ten pediatric patients undergoing gallium-67
      scanning procedures. The effective half-life of Ga 67 in these organs was
      approximately 78 hours. The dose per unit of administered activity for the liver
      and spleen was between 0.3 and 4.0 rad/mCi (0.08 to 1.08 Gy/GBq) and 0.5 and 7.0
      rad/mCi (0.13 to 1.89 Gy/GBq), respectively. For the metaphyseal growth plates,
      the range was 2.3 to 14.3 rad/mCi (0.62 to 3.86 Gy/GBq).

PMID- 6572409
TI  - [Dental fractures and fissures: diagnosis, treatment and presentation of a
      prevention index].

PMID- 6572410
TI  - [Comparative study of mercury loss from predosed disposable amalgam capsules and
      from bulk amalgamators].

PMID- 6572411
TI  - Regional muscle tension and pain ("fibrositis"). Effect of massage on myoglobin
      in plasma.
AB  - In thirteen patients, all women, with regional muscle tension and pain
      ("fibrositis") plasma myoglobin concentration was measured before and after
      massage. A significant increase was observed in the plasma myoglobin
      concentration reaching a maximum three hours after the start of massage treatment
      (median 133 micrograms/l). A positive correlation was found between the degree of
      muscle tension and the increase in plasma myoglobin concentration. After repeated
      massage treatment a gradual decline could be demonstrated in the increase of the
      plasma myoglobin concentration in coincidence with the efficacy of the treatment.
      Opposed to this only normal levels of myoglobin were found in plasma when muscles
      without tenderness and pain were treated with massage. The observed increase of
      myoglobin in plasma after massage indicates a leak of myoglobin from the muscle
      fibres, which suggests that regional muscle tension and pain is associated with
      disorders in the muscle fibres.

PMID- 6572412
TI  - [Microsurgical and musculocutaneous flap plastic repair in reconstruction in the
      maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6572413
TI  - [Early education and motivation for oral prophylaxis].

PMID- 6572414
TI  - [Positioning device for taking serial, reproducible intraoral radiograms].

PMID- 6572415
TI  - [Relative gnotobiosis: the planning of periodontitis experiments on rats].

PMID- 6572416
TI  - Polypeptide transforming growth factors isolated from bovine sources and used for
      wound healing in vivo.
AB  - Transforming growth factors, which are polypeptides that induce the transformed
      phenotype in nonneoplastic cells, have been isolated in bulk amounts from bovine
      salivary gland and kidney. In experiments in which wound healing chambers were
      implanted subcutaneously in the backs of rats, these bovine transforming growth
      factors accelerated the accumulation of total protein, collagen, and DNA in
      treated chambers. These studies thus show an effect of an isolated transforming
      growth factor in vivo.

PMID- 6572417
TI  - The two faces of genetic engineering in man.

PMID- 6572418
TI  - Bulimia: diagnostic clues.
AB  - Bulimia is an eating disorder characterized by the ingestion of large amounts of
      food, usually followed by self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse. Although
      sometimes a symptom of obesity or anorexia nervosa, bulimia is often associated
      with borderline weight and nutritional status and thus may be difficult to
      detect. Since secrecy and shame accompany this syndrome, patients are reluctant
      to seek treatment. We present ten diagnostic clues for identifying bulimic
      patients: (1) preoccupation with weight, (2) gastrointestinal complaints, (3)
      dental and oropharyngeal changes, (4) salivary gland enlargement, (5) edema and
      bloating, (6) amenorrhea, (7) dermatologic complaints, (8) substance abuse, (9)
      laboratory changes, and (10) serious consequences. A case study illustrates the
      major features of the disorder and its treatment.

PMID- 6572419
TI  - Esophageal perforation associated with combined use of the Thumper Resuscitator
      and esophageal airway.
AB  - Esophageal perforation is an uncommon but catastrophic complication of
      resuscitation with the esophageal obturator airway. Three cases of esophageal
      perforation are reported associated with combined use of an obturator airway and
      Thumper mechanical resuscitator. The possibility of increased risk when these
      devices are used together has not been previously discussed in the literature.
      This risk may be reduced by using lower balloon volumes, less aggressive
      compressor settings, and obturator airways modified for nasogastric drainage.

PMID- 6572421
TI  - Perceived and actual attitudes of periodontal patients regarding periodontal
      therapy.

PMID- 6572420
TI  - Oral prostaglandin E2 in the management of pulmonary atresia.

PMID- 6572423
TI  - [Dynamics of morphological tissue changes in the cheek after cryogenic action].

PMID- 6572422
TI  - [Regeneration of bone tissue after laser osteotomy of the mandible].

PMID- 6572424
TI  - [Use of sodium mefenamine in dentistry].

PMID- 6572425
TI  - [Dynamics of the indices of the nonspecific protective factors of the saliva and
      blood serum in periodontitis as affected by local therapeutic measures].

PMID- 6572427
TI  - [Experience with the use of an endodontic drill bit].

PMID- 6572426
TI  - [Hyperbaric oxygenation in the combined therapy of periodontosis].

PMID- 6572428
TI  - [Use of helium-neon laser in treating periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6572429
TI  - [Use of helium-neon laser radiation in treating the Melkersson-Rosenthal
      syndrome].

PMID- 6572430
TI  - [Characteristics of the postoperative course in tooth extraction in diabetics].

PMID- 6572431
TI  - [Laser therapy in the combined treatment of mandibular fractures].

PMID- 6572432
TI  - [Mechanical and mathematical analysis of the forces developing at the sites of a
      fixation device and bone contact during osteosynthesis].

PMID- 6572433
TI  - [Use of anti-inflammatory radiation therapy for treating nontumorous salivary
      gland diseases].

PMID- 6572434
TI  - [Sialic acid content of the blood in phlegmon of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6572435
TI  - [Effect of CO2-laser radiation on tooth enamel].

PMID- 6572436
TI  - [Evaluation of chlorhexidine effectiveness in treating acute inflammatory
      processes of the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6572437
TI  - [Hygienic status of the oral cavity during radiation treatment of malignant
      maxillofacial tumors].

PMID- 6572438
TI  - [Effect of haloperidol premedication on the cardiovascular system of dental
      patients before the operation].

PMID- 6572439
TI  - [Protection of the dentin surface in preparing teeth for crowns].

PMID- 6572440
TI  - [Electromyographic characteristics of maxillofacial muscle function in
      dysfunctions of the temperomandibular joint].

PMID- 6572441
TI  - [Hygienic assessment of noise and vibration in the work of orthodontists and
      dental technicians].

PMID- 6572442
TI  - [Secondary plastic repair of residual deformities in patients operated on for
      unilateral cleft upper lip].

PMID- 6572443
TI  - [Maxillofacial muscle function before and after orthodontic treatment of children
      with a prognathic deep bite and tooth crowding laterally].

PMID- 6572444
TI  - [Ethnic aspects of the pathogenesis of dental caries].

PMID- 6572446
TI  - [Optimization of the teaching of dentistry in the therapeutics department of a
      medical institute].

PMID- 6572445
TI  - [Changes in hard dental tissues and pulp in exposure to microdoses of mercury
      vapors].

PMID- 6572447
TI  - [Recurrent herpetic stomatitis in a child with leukemia].

PMID- 6572448
TI  - [Case of acute myelomonoblastic leukemia in a dentist's practice].

PMID- 6572449
TI  - [Indices of the normal values for the opening of the mouth].

PMID- 6572451
TI  - [Retention cyst as a consequence of sialolithiasis of a minor salivary gland].

PMID- 6572450
TI  - [Retractor for the reduction of mandibular dislocations].

PMID- 6572452
TI  - [Racemose facial hemangioma with multiple phleboliths].

PMID- 6572453
TI  - [Protective device for the tip of the dental jet injector (BI-8)].

PMID- 6572454
TI  - [Biological adaptation of the supporting structure of the periodontal tissues].

PMID- 6572455
TI  - [The measurement of contact separating pressure of the teeth using the pressure
      measuring sheet "Prescale"].

PMID- 6572456
TI  - [The effect of N2O on the isometric contraction force of the left ventricular
      papillary muscles of rats].

PMID- 6572457
TI  - [Comparative studies on exfoliated cells from the oral mucosa using light and
      scanning electron microscopy].

PMID- 6572458
TI  - [Cutting procedures for composite resins, especially posterior composite resins].

PMID- 6572459
TI  - [Studies on the non-collagenous proteins of bovine periodontal membrane].

PMID- 6572460
TI  - [An electromyographic study on functional development of mastication in children
      with IIA stage dentition].

PMID- 6572461
TI  - [An experimental study on the distribution of pressure at the tissue-denture base
      interface].

PMID- 6572462
TI  - [The curing characteristics of visible light-cured composite resins and the
      irradiation properties of the light emitter].

PMID- 6572463
TI  - [Osteogenic sarcoma of the kidney].

PMID- 6572464
TI  - Sexual problems associated with oral and facial infirmities.

PMID- 6572465
TI  - [Preparation and restoration of Class V cavity with gold foil fillings].

PMID- 6572466
TI  - [Histocompatibility antigens and remissions in schizophrenia: relation to
      clinical parameters].
AB  - The character of the distribution of the HLA system antigens was studied in 61
      schizophrenic patients. The phenotype of patients with good-quality remissions
      was characterized by the presence of the antigens HLA-A1, HLA-B8, or their
      combination.

PMID- 6572467
TI  - Prostaglandin F2 alpha in blood plasma and milk of non-pregnant and pregnant
      buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis).
AB  - Radioimmunoassay of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) was standardised for
      sufficient precision, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The changes of PGF2
      alpha were monitored in peripheral blood plasma and milk of 28 Murrah buffaloes.
      There were considerable individual variations of PGF2 alpha concentration in
      blood plasma (27.6 to 110.8 pg/ml) and milk (80.3 to 180.4 pg/ml). A non
      significant increase of PGF2 alpha concentration (P greater than 0.05) was
      observed at the end of the cycle of non-pregnant animals in both fluids but no
      such increase was observed in pregnant animals. The concentration of PGF2 alpha
      in milk was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than that of blood plasma and
      was positively correlated in non-pregnant (r = 0.738) and pregnant animals (r =
      0.385).

PMID- 6572468
TI  - 3rd International Thyroid Symposium. Thyroid cancer. Innsbruck, Austria,
      September 13-15, 1982. Abstracts.

PMID- 6572469
TI  - Growth characteristics of human malignant tumours and cell lines in serial
      passages in nude mice.
AB  - Two osteosarcoma cell lines, one fibrosarcoma and one undifferentiated
      mesenchymal tumour obtained at operation, all of human origin, were transplanted
      in serial passages in athymic nude mice. The growth rate was analysed and the
      morphologic appearance compared both with the original tumours and after each
      passage. All tumours retained their morphologic characteristics during the
      transplantation and passaging in the nude mice with only minor alterations in
      structure. The growth rates of the tumours showed great variability even in the
      same passage of each tumour, although the growth rates became somewhat more
      regular and predictable after some passages.

PMID- 6572470
TI  - Phase II evaluation of aclacinomycin A (ACM-A, NSC208734) in patients with
      metastatic colorectal cancer.
AB  - Thirty-two patients with measurable metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to 5
      fluorouracil-containing regimens received aclacinomycin A (ACM-A) on a single
      dose I.V. schedule administered over 4 hours every 3 weeks. Good-risk patients
      received ACM-A at the starting daily dose of 100 mg/m2 while patients who had had
      therapy with radiation or myelosuppressive drugs such as mitomycin C or a
      nitrosourea compound received an initial daily dose of 80 mg/m2. There were no
      complete or partial remissions in this study. Twelve of 30 evaluable patients had
      disease stabilization. Nausea and vomiting were the dose-limiting toxic effects;
      myelosuppression was moderate, with neutropenia more severe than
      thrombocytopenia. Other toxic effects included diarrhea (in 53% of the treatment
      courses), phlebitis (36%), and mucositis (27%). Alopecia was rare and occurred in
      3% of treatment courses, while none of the patients developed clinical
      manifestation of cardiac toxicity. Aclacinomycin-A administered by the single
      dose schedule as used in this study is not effective against colorectal cancer.

PMID- 6572472
TI  - The dependence of mandibular dysfunction in children on functional and
      morphologic malocclusion.
AB  - The influence of dental status, occlusal interference, occlusal anomalies, and
      general background variables on bruxism and subjective symptoms and clinical
      signs of mandibular dysfunction has been studied in children. Three samples of
      children, aged 7, 11, and 15 years, were included. The interrelations were
      analyzed by rank-correlation and stepwise multiple regression. In the rank
      correlation analyses, dental wear and age were significantly correlated to all of
      the dysfunction variables. Bruxism (reported by the subjects) was not found to be
      significantly correlated to any of the independent variables in the regression
      analysis. Subjective symptoms of dysfunction could be explained to a small extent
      by the independent variables, of which dental wear and sucking habits were found
      to be the most important. Recurrent headache was, to a certain extent, dependent
      upon age and sex. TMJ clicking was positively correlated with dental wear and
      unilateral contact in the retruded contact position but was most influenced by
      age and sex; TMJ clicking increased with age and was more common in girls than in
      boys. The clinical dysfunction index of Helkimo and tenderness of the masticatory
      muscles on palpation were explainable, although to a minor degree, by the
      influence of a combination of age, occlusal interference, motor activity, and
      psychological factors. Functional malocclusion (occlusal interference) is more
      important than morphologic malocclusion in explaining the existence of mandibular
      dysfunction. Nevertheless, morphologic malocclusion such as Class II and Class
      III occlusion, frontal open-bite, and cross-bite, when associated with functional
      malocclusion, may create a predisposition to mandibular dysfunction. The study
      confirms the multifactorial etiology of mandibular dysfunction.

PMID- 6572471
TI  - Unfavorable prognostic significance of hand mirror cells in childhood acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia. A report from the childrens Cancer Study Group.
AB  - The prognostic significance of hand mirror cells (HMCs) in childhood acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia was determined by quantifying the percentage of these
      cells in the diagnostic bone marrow aspirates of previously untreated children
      entered on the Childrens Cancer Study Group protocol 141. Of 664 examinable
      patients, 39 (5.9%) had greater than 10% HMCs, and only four (0.6%) had greater
      than 30% HMCs. Compared with the entire study population, a greater proportion of
      children with more than 10% HMCs were older than 10 years of age, had hemoglobin
      levels greater than 10 g/dL, and had undifferentiated lymphoblast morphology. The
      children with more than 10% HMCs had a higher rate of bone marrow relapse, poorer
      disease-free survival, and shorter survival than patients with less than 10%
      HMCs. By multivariate analysis, HMC morphology was an independent, unfavorable
      prognostic factor.

PMID- 6572473
TI  - Operational performance of the Reflex Metrograph and its applicability to the
      three-dimensional analysis of dental casts.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to investigate the applicability of a new
      instrument (the Reflex Metrograph) to the three-dimensional analysis of dental
      casts. In this system, a dental cast, placed in front of a semireflecting mirror,
      creates an identical image behind the mirror. The measurement of a point is made
      by aligning a light source behind the mirror in coincidence with the image of a
      specific point on the object. The light source is carried on a three-dimensional
      slide system, and coordinates are digitized for sampling by the computer.
      Measurement accuracy of the instrument was evaluated for three measuring points
      determined on a maxillary dental cast placed in six different locations. In
      addition, differences in the performance skills of ten operators were evaluated.
      The results indicate that digitization of a point in three planes of space can be
      undertaken without direct contact of the object and that a consistent measurement
      accuracy can be obtained, regardless of differences in the location of the cast
      relative to the mirror or in the anatomic shape of the measured areas. In
      addition, operators with no previous experience can determine specific points to
      an accuracy of +/- 0.1 mm, with a minimal amount of training. Finally,
      measurement by the same operator for a pooled sample is recommended in order to
      avoid interoperator measurement error when determining linear distances.

PMID- 6572474
TI  - The geometry of craniofacial growth invariants.
AB  - In the description of craniofacial growth it is crucial to identify constant
      geometric relations. The search leads to complex manipulations of coordinate data
      from cephalograms. In the regularities that he finds, the clinician must be aware
      of the difference between empirical contingency and geometric necessity. For
      instance, common procedures for identifying centers away from which growth
      proceeds radially (the "polar phenomenon") ignore theorems about the
      indeterminacy of such centers. The scan for growth invariants in configurations
      of landmarks should be based on the method of tensor analysis. Any shape change
      may be summarized in terms of two directions in each triangle of landmarks. The
      directions are at 90 degrees in each triangle both before growth and after; one
      of them bears the greatest percent rate of change of length of all directions in
      the triangle, and the other bears the least. From a diagram of these axes one
      comes immediately to strict invariants of the shape change--specific angles and
      proportions along segments defined by relations between the triangle and the axes
      -linked to other specific angles and proportions which change most rapidly. It is
      simple to adapt this machinery so that it can deal with average shape changes in
      populations. Included here are two examples of the technique: (1) extracting the
      statistically most stable definition of "growth axis" (displacement of menton
      from cranial base) in children aged 6 to 14 years and (2) describing the shape
      change of the rat calvarium between the ages of 7 days and 150 days. Such
      descriptions should be the first step in designing any cephalometric analysis.

PMID- 6572475
TI  - Primate models in surgical orthodontics.
AB  - Between 1969 and 1980, 22 studies using nonhuman primates for experimental
      research in surgical orthodontics were published in the American Journal of
      Orthodontics, Angle Orthodontist, Journal of Oral Surgery, or International
      Journal of Oral Surgery. The most common species used was the rhesus monkey,
      Macaca mulatta. As laboratory animals, monkeys are relatively expensive and
      difficult to obtain. These problems have limited the design of experimental
      studies. Sample sizes are often too small for statistical analysis, control
      groups are small or omitted, and it has frequently been necessary to pool animals
      of different ages and sexes. These compromises might be appropriate if monkeys
      are the best available experimental model for humans, but there is little
      evidence that this is the case. Monkeys do not fill the usual role of good
      experimental models, which is to simplify a complex system. The monkeys used for
      craniofacial surgery have normal craniofacial function and morphology for their
      species, unlike human clinical patients. Cephalometric radiographs and skull
      measurements taken on monkeys of the five most common experimental species
      indicate that all experimental animals are much more prognathic than humans, and
      sex differences in prognathism are small. However, because many species have a
      large sex difference in canine size, females are a better experimental model than
      males for some questions. Considering recent federal legislative interest in
      animal research and the decreasing financial support for research, it is
      essential that the choice of experimental animals be justifiable and cost
      effective. It would be worthwhile to consider alternatives to primates as the
      species of choice for experimental research in surgical orthodontics.

PMID- 6572476
TI  - Propositions and hypotheses: both can be rejected, only hypotheses must be
      tested.

PMID- 6572477
TI  - Use of monoclonal antibodies to isolate cortical collecting tubule cells: AVP
      induces PGE release.

PMID- 6572478
TI  - [Effect of 15-me-prostaglandin F2 alpha on the release of endogenous
      prostaglandin F2 alpha and the concentration of estrogen and progesterone
      receptors in the human endometrium].

PMID- 6572479
TI  - Technology of recombinant DNA techniques.

PMID- 6572480
TI  - An unexpected disconnection of the gas supply to a Cape Waine 3 ventilator.

PMID- 6572481
TI  - Accidental disconnection and pulmonary barotrauma.

PMID- 6572482
TI  - Failure to use 02 analyzers to prevent hypoxic accidents.

PMID- 6572483
TI  - The cluttered anesthesia machine--a cause for hypoxia.

PMID- 6572484
TI  - Survey of teaching pain and anxiety control on the predoctoral level.

PMID- 6572485
TI  - Acupuncture analgesia in conservative dental treatment.

PMID- 6572486
TI  - Survey of general anesthesia residency training for dentists - update.

PMID- 6572487
TI  - Genetic markers in chronic air-flow limitation. A genetic epidemiologic study.

PMID- 6572488
TI  - [Emergency cytapheresis in 4 children with acute hyperleukocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6572489
TI  - Long-term efficacy of surgical cordotomy in intractable non-malignant pain.
AB  - Our results show that about 40% of patients who have cordotomies for non
      malignant pain gain a prolonged and worthwhile period of relief, allowing a
      return to work and normal living. The available evidence, though scanty, suggests
      that the decline in the analgesic efficacy of cordotomy tends to 'plateau' with
      the passage of time, though the exact pattern of this change remains undefined.
      We conclude that, while the complication rate of cordotomy is undoubtedly high,
      and its effectiveness far from ideal, it may nevertheless have a place in the
      treatment of carefully selected patients with intractable pain due to non
      malignant causes.

PMID- 6572490
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of cefotetan in normal subjects and patients with impaired renal
      function.
AB  - The elimination kinetics of cefotetan (YM09330), a new parenteral semisynthetic
      cephamycin derivative, were studied in eight healthy volunteers and 41 patients
      with renal insufficiency after the administration of a single 500-mg dose
      intravenously. Concentrations of cefotetan in serum and urine were determined by
      both bioassay and high-pressure liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetic
      parameters for cefotetan were calculated on the basis of a two-compartment open
      model. Serum concentrations of cefotetan immediately after administration were
      approximately 180 micrograms/ml in all subjects regardless of function; however,
      serum concentrations during the beta-phase increased directly with the degree of
      renal impairment. The mean serum half-life during the beta-phase was 3.0 h in
      normal subjects as compared with 13.1 h in hemodialysis patients. There was a
      linear correlation (P less than 0.0001) between the elimination rate constant of
      cefotetan and creatinine clearance. The mean cumulative urinary recovery of
      cefotetan in the 24-h urine was 83.3% of the administered dose in normal subjects
      and decreased with reduced renal function.

PMID- 6572492
TI  - Biological activity of 24,24-difluoro-1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 1
      alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone in inducing differentiation of human
      myeloid leukemia cells.
AB  - Vitamin D compounds added to the culture medium induce differentiation of human
      myeloid leukemia cells (HL-60 cells) by binding to a specific cytosol receptor
      protein. This system provides a biologically relevant and technically simple
      assay to examine the relationship between molecular structure and biological
      activity of vitamin D compounds. Using this culture system, the biological
      activity of 24,24-F2-1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 and 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3-26,23-lactone was
      assayed. 24,24-F2-1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 was four to seven times more potent than 1
      alpha,25(OH)2D3 in inducing phagocytosis and C3 rosette formation of HL-60 cells,
      though both compounds bound equally well to the cytosol receptor, suggesting that
      the defuorination at the 24-carbon position may stimulate membrane permeability
      of the compound. 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3-26,23-lactone, on the other hand, was only
      1/200th as active as 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3. The binding affinity of the lactone for
      the cytosol receptor was identical with that of 1 alpha (OH)D3, suggesting that
      the lactone formation between the 26 and 23 positions masks the function of the
      25-hydroxyl group. The binding affinity of vitamin D3 derivatives to the specific
      cytosol receptor of HL-60 cells was well correlated with that of intestinal
      cytosol protein specifically bound to 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3.

PMID- 6572491
TI  - 7 alpha-Dehydroxylation of bile acids by resting cells of an unidentified, gram
      positive, nonsporeforming anaerobic bacterium.
AB  - Transformation of bile acids by washed whole cells of strain HD-17, an
      unidentified gram-positive anaerobic bacterium isolated from human feces, was
      studied. 7 alpha-Dehydroxylase was produced only during adaptive growth on medium
      containing 7 alpha-hydroxy bile acids. Both the extent of hydroxylation and the
      state of conjugation of the bile acids had marked effects on the induction of the
      enzyme, and the order of the enzyme induction was conjugated cholic acid much
      greater than cholic acid greater than taurochenodeoxycholic acid greater than or
      equal to chenodeoxycholic acid. The addition of excess glucose to the growth
      medium appreciably reduced the enzyme level. The induced enzyme required strict
      anaerobic conditions for activity and had an optimal pH range of 6.5 to 7.5. In
      contrast with the induction of the enzyme, the induced enzyme showed a low degree
      of substrate specificity between cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, with some
      preference for the former. In addition, the organism contained 3 alpha-, 7 alpha
      , and 12 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, and the addition of bile acids to
      the medium somewhat enhanced the production of the oxidoreductases. The
      dehydrogenations were obviously stimulated by oxygen as a terminal electron
      acceptor. The organism also contained bile salt hydrolase.

PMID- 6572493
TI  - Neonatal chronic myeloid leukaemia with prolonged survival.

PMID- 6572494
TI  - Isolated testicular relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of childhood. Report
      on behalf of the Medical Research Council's working party on leukaemia in
      childhood.

PMID- 6572495
TI  - Chemotherapy of sarcomas.

PMID- 6572496
TI  - Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome in identical twins.
AB  - The problem we studied relates to the inheritance of Gilles de la Tourette's
      syndrome. The method was the investigation, including blood studies, of a pair of
      twins who both were affected with the syndrome. It was concluded that the twins
      were identical and this added to the evidence of the heritability of the
      disorder. The twins were affected with other but related problems of behavior;
      considerable similarities were found in their behavior and behavioral problems.
      No family history of this or tic-like disorders could be obtained. Reduction of
      tics occurred when haloperidol treatment began.

PMID- 6572497
TI  - Experience with diagnostic peritoneal lavage in blunt abdominal trauma.
AB  - Fifty-one patients who had suffered blunt abdominal trauma were assessed
      clinically and with diagnostic peritoneal lavage. The latter has been shown to be
      a safe, accurate means of determining the presence or absence of haemoperitoneum.
      Furthermore, in patients with disturbed conscious states, the initial clinical
      assessment has been found to be inaccurate and the performance of diagnostic
      peritoneal lavage has resulted in a statistically significant increase in
      diagnostic accuracy (P = 0.006). However, in patients with a normal conscious
      state, the improvement in diagnostic accuracy achieved by the performance of
      diagnostic peritoneal lavage was not statistically significant. The technique of
      diagnostic peritoneal lavage is discussed in detail.

PMID- 6572498
TI  - Inguinal hernias: a preliminary study on a technique of repair based on the keel
      principle.
AB  - Most adult hernias have a defect in the posterior wall of the inguinal canal even
      though the initial defect, in an indirect hernia, is the presence of a sac at the
      internal ring. It is imperative to strengthen the posterior wall without
      disturbing the normal shutter mechanism of the inguinal canal. A technique is
      described which achieves this by applying the keel principle to the repair. Data
      regarding 215 such repairs done during the last five years is presented. The
      follow-up available however does not satisfy the standard critical criteria and
      as such this is presented only as a preliminary report and a rational idea.

PMID- 6572499
TI  - The management of malignant oesophago-airway fistulae.
AB  - Gastric bypass was performed for eight patients with advanced oesophageal cancer
      complicated by an established oesophago-airway fistula. There was one operative
      death. Seven patients could be discharged from hospital with complete relief from
      aspiration and eating a normal solid diet. The preoperative preparation,
      anesthetic management and operative technique is described. Gastric bypass is
      compared to other methods of palliation for malignant oesophago-airway fistulae.

PMID- 6572500
TI  - Causes of death after blunt chest injury.
AB  - During the 10 years from 1968 a total of 1119 patients with chest and associated
      injuries were admitted to the Royal Newcastle Hospital (RNH); 530 of these needed
      ICU treatment and fifty-nine died. Common causes of death included irreparable
      associated injuries to brain and exsanguination due to major vessel injury.
      However, the commonest cause encountered was refractory respiratory failure due
      to pulmonary sepsis. This condition was associated with hypovolaemic shock, intra
      abdominal injuries, failure of conservative treatment and injuries in the older
      age groups.

PMID- 6572501
TI  - Surgical management of benign oesophago-pleural fistula.
AB  - Three cases of oesophago-pleural fistula are presented. Two resulted from foreign
      body perforation of the oesophagus and one followed left lower lobectomy for
      bronchiectasis. All three presented late; the time lapse ranged from 6 days to 2
      months. An initial course of conservative treatment was given to all three
      patients. Alimentation via nasogastric tube feeding, gastrostomy or total
      parenteral nutrition was carried out. The pleural fluid grew the anaerobe,
      Bacteriodies melaninogenicus, in all three cases. Gram-negative aerobes,
      Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, were also cultured. Closed intercostal
      drainage and a course of appropriate antibiotics were instituted. The patients
      were subjected to surgery after the infection had been brought under control.
      Simple repair was performed in two patients. Exclusion of the oesophageal leak
      with drainage and later reconstruction was carried out in the third patient.
      Although all three patients recovered, the morbidity was considerable. The
      duration of hospital stay ranged from 2 to 4 months.

PMID- 6572502
TI  - The use of ultrasonography in elucidating the problem of imperforate vagina.

PMID- 6572503
TI  - Penile sleeve rotation in urethral fistula: repair and second stage
      urethroplasty.

PMID- 6572504
TI  - A grooved table-spoon for tongue-tie release and hernial neck transfixion.

PMID- 6572505
TI  - Postlaryngectomy voice reconstruction.
AB  - A simple one staged technique for voice reconstruction after total laryngectomy
      is described. A section of posterior tracheal wall is preserved and converted
      into a tracheo-oesophageal shunt. Results in nine patients are described.

PMID- 6572506
TI  - Nasogastrointestinal intraluminal tube stenting in the prevention of recurrent
      small bowel obstruction.
AB  - Nasogastrointestinal intraluminal tube stenting using a Dennis tube (Sherwood
      Medical St Louis, Missouri, USA) was performed on 25 patients. Two intubations
      were for midgut volvulus, 13 for small intestinal obstruction after extensive
      adhesolysis, and 10 as an adjunct to the operative management of enterocutaneous
      fistulae following extensive adhesolysis, resection and anastomosis. No patient
      developed recurrent small bowel obstruction for periods up to three years after
      operation. Use of an intraluminal tube stent in preventing recurrent small bowel
      obstruction due to adhesions is safe and effective when used on appropriately
      selected patients. Its effectiveness should be more widely recognized.

PMID- 6572507
TI  - Hangman's fracture: nonoperative management with the halocast.

PMID- 6572508
TI  - Analysis of mortality of extradural haematoma in a general surgical unit.
AB  - Extradural haematoma complicating head injury still has a formidable mortality
      despite recent advances in neurological surgery. The experience of 60 cases of
      extradural haematoma treated in a general surgical unit was reviewed
      retrospectively. The mortality was 35%. Analysis of the 21 deaths showed that 13
      (62%) of them were possibly avoidable. Lack of index of suspicion, delay in
      instituting surgical treatment and inadequate surgical intervention were the main
      causes of the avoidable mortality.

PMID- 6572509
TI  - Appendicectomy audit.
AB  - Of 200 consecutive appendicectomies performed at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital the
      indications for operation were suspected acute appendicitis (65%), chronic or
      recurrent appendicitis (11.5%), interval appendicectomy (3%) and appendicectomies
      incidental to other operations (20.5%). Of those operated upon for suspected
      acute appendicitis, the appendix revealed acute inflammation pathologically in
      64% of patients. Pathological changes occurred with the same frequency in both
      the incidental appendicectomy group and the chronic appendicitis group. Within
      the group with a provisional diagnosis of acute appendicitis there were marked
      variations in the documentation of peroperative symptoms, signs and
      investigations. On average 11.5 hours passed between the time these patients
      presented and when appendicectomy was performed. The patients spent an average of
      6.4 days in hospital and only 33% had any documentation follow-up in the hospital
      records. Auditing systems can only be instituted in Australia if the structure of
      medical services is borne in mind. Adoption of overseas systems based on
      different patterns of medical care will add little to patient care.

PMID- 6572510
TI  - Anaesthetic deaths.

PMID- 6572511
TI  - Toothache and cracked cusps.

PMID- 6572512
TI  - A modification for self-threading dentine pins.

PMID- 6572513
TI  - Acute fluoride toxicity.

PMID- 6572514
TI  - Complications of automated root canal treatment.

PMID- 6572515
TI  - The need for panoral radiographs.

PMID- 6572516
TI  - The geographical distribution of recently qualified dental graduates (1975-1980)
      in England, Scotland and Wales.

PMID- 6572517
TI  - Frequency of accidental intravascular injection of local anaesthetics in
      children.

PMID- 6572518
TI  - Cleaning silver-tin amalgam alloy.

PMID- 6572519
TI  - Hepatitis B as a potential hazard to dental patients.

PMID- 6572520
TI  - Thermal diffusion through composite restorative materials.

PMID- 6572521
TI  - The high-pressure periodontal ligament injection.

PMID- 6572522
TI  - Psychology in the dental curriculum.

PMID- 6572523
TI  - Sarcoid gingivitis.

PMID- 6572524
TI  - Chronic granulomatous disease with associated oral lesions.

PMID- 6572525
TI  - Anaesthetic deaths.

PMID- 6572526
TI  - The role of the dental hygienist.

PMID- 6572527
TI  - Administration of local anaesthestics via the periodontal membrane.

PMID- 6572528
TI  - Prophylaxis of infective endocarditis.

PMID- 6572529
TI  - Use of prostaglandin E2 in management of transposition of great arteries before
      balloon atrial septostomy.
AB  - Fifteen infants with transposition of the great arteries and severe hypoxaemia
      were treated with prostaglandin E2 infusions before atrial septostomy was
      performed. Twelve patients had simple transposition and three had small
      ventricular septal defects. The infusion resulted in a highly significant
      increase of PaO2 from 22 +/- 3 mmHg to 37 +/- 5 mmHg within one to two hours.
      Only one patient did not respond to treatment. PaO2 remained constantly above 30
      mmHg throughout prostaglandin infusion. After balloon atrial septostomy
      prostaglandin administration was stopped. Only two patients required reinfusion
      within 24 hours after septostomy because of a decrease of PaO2 below 25 mmHg. At
      angiocardiography before balloon septostomy the ductus was of aortic size in
      eight, and of about half the aortic diameter in six patients. In one infant the
      ductus was closed. One infant had to undergo early ductus ligation because of
      heart failure. In 10 of 11 infants who have undergone total correction the
      initially large ductus had closed spontaneously.

PMID- 6572530
TI  - Prognostic value of in vitro growth pattern of colony forming cells in adult
      acute leukaemia.

PMID- 6572531
TI  - Testicular infiltration in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

PMID- 6572532
TI  - [Effect of prostaglandin F 2 alpha on the functional state of the tissue
      component of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in albino rats with disorders of
      protein metabolism].
AB  - Experiments were made on 80 white rats to examine hemostatic and fibrinolytic
      properties of the liver, kidney, small intestine and skeletal muscle tissue and
      subcellular fractions (nuclei, mitochondria, nuclear supernatant liquid
      containing lysosomes, ribosomes, microsomes and with no mitochondria) during
      prostaglandin F2 alpha administration in the presence of upset protein metabolism
      induced by experimental toxic hepatitis and protein deficiency. It was shown that
      intravenous injection of prostaglandin F2 alpha leads to an increase in
      hemostatic properties and reduction of fibrinolytic activity of all the test
      tissues with the exception of gastric wall tissue which showed a different line
      of changes. Variation of hemostatic properties of whole tissues was followed by
      appropriate changes in hemocoagulation potential of subcellular fractions.

PMID- 6572533
TI  - Monoclonal antiglycophorin as a probe for erythroleukemias.
AB  - A monoclonal antibody (LICR.LON.R10) specific for the major sialoglycoprotein of
      the erythroid cell membrane, glycophorin A (alpha), has been used to test the
      possibility that "cryptic" erythroleukemia may be diagnosed as acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). In addition to
      27 overt erythroleukemias, 724 leukemias, including 329 ALL (103 in relapse), 205
      AML, and 109 blast crises of Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia, were
      analyzed. Twenty cases with a significant proportion of glycophorin-A-positive
      (gA+) cells were found; 8 of these (5 AML and 3 blast crises of chronic myeloid
      leukemia, CML) had an obvious erythroid component, but 12 others were diagnosed
      as AML (2), AMML (1), CML in myeloid blast crisis (4) or megakaryoblastic blast
      crisis (1), acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (2), or acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      (2). The latter two patients had no immunologic evidence supporting a diagnosis
      of ALL and were resistant to chemotherapy. We conclude that AML and ALL only very
      rarely express gA, and these are probably genuine "cryptic" erythroleukemias.
      Other gA+ leukemias (megakaryoblastic and CML blast crises) may arise from bi- or
      pluripotent stem cells and contain distinct and separable blast cell populations.

PMID- 6572534
TI  - Granulocytes and cultured human fibroblasts express common acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia-associated antigens.
AB  - We have investigated the expression of the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      antigen (cALLA) by nonlymphoid cells, using a new murine monoclonal antibody
      (designated 24.1), specific for cALLA. This antibody completely blocks the
      binding of monoclonal anti-cALLA antibody J-5. Furthermore, antibody 24.1 binds
      to cALLA with greater affinity and induces a greater degree of antigenic
      modulation than antibody J-5. With antibody 24.1, we have demonstrated that
      normal cultured marrow and skin fibroblasts and mature granulocytes express
      cALLA. By immune precipitation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, cALLA from
      fibroblasts has a slightly lower molecular weight and cALLA from granulocytes a
      slightly higher molecular weight than cALLA from cultured human leukemic cell
      lines. Quantitative studies indicate, however, that cALLA expression is
      approximately 3-fold and 20-fold lower, respectively, on normal granulocytes and
      skin fibroblasts than on NALM-6 cells. cALLA may be expressed by cells with
      widespread distribution in multiple organ systems. These findings emphasize that
      differentiation markers that appear to be tumor or tissue specific may be found
      on cells of diverse origin.

PMID- 6572535
TI  - Basophil/mast cell precursors in human peripheral blood.
AB  - Semisolid (methylcellulose) hemopoietic cultures revealed the presence of
      histamine-containing granulocyte colonies derived from precursors (CFU-C) present
      in human peripheral blood. Light microscopy and histochemical studies of cells in
      individual histamine-containing colonies demonstrated homogeneous populations of
      metachromatic basophil/mast cells (BMC) at various stages of maturation. By
      inverted microscopy, pure BMC colonies were more often found to have the overall
      appearance of the previously described "eosinophil" (type II), rather than
      "neutrophil-macrophage" (type I), colony type. Histamine-positive colonies
      constituted 58% (50/86) of all (type I and type II) granulocyte colonies in
      repeated cultures from a patient with systemic mastocytosis (SM), and 19% (13/67)
      of colonies in cultures from 8 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML); this
      was in contrast to 8% (12/153) of colonies in cultures from 4 patients with
      urticaria pigmentosa (UP) and 6 normal controls (p less than 0.0001). Calculated
      frequency of BMC CFU-C was approximately 1 per 2 X 10(6) in normal and 1 per 2 X
      10(5) nucleated cells in SM peripheral blood. Taking colony size into account,
      histamine content per cell in histamine-positive type II colonies in SM cultures
      was 1.1 +/- 0.19 pg, compared to 0.29 +/- 0.08 pg in CML and less than or equal
      to 0.10 in normals and UP. Electron microscopy (EM) of individual colonies
      revealed electron-dense granules with ultrastructural features of BMC in
      histamine-positive, but not histamine-negative, colonies. Use of these methods
      may help to further clarify the nature of BMC precursors and the regulation of
      their proliferation in bone marrow disorders and allergic states.

PMID- 6572536
TI  - Therapeutic and prognostic value of initial chromosomal findings at the blastic
      phase of Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia.
AB  - To assess parameters of therapeutic response and of survival after the onset of
      the blastic phase (BP) in 64 patients with Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia
      (CML), a number of clinical, hematologic, and cytogenetic data at the BP were
      evaluated. Among 10 parameters checked, only the chromosomal findings correlated
      with the therapeutic response and survival after the onset of the BP. The
      patients were divided into three groups on the basis of the chromosome findings
      in the bone marrow, blood, and spleen: (1) those with only a Ph1 (PP), (2) those
      having two types of clones, i.e., one clone with only a Ph1 and another with
      additional karyotypic changes (AP), and (3) those with only abnormal clones in
      addition to the Ph1 (AA). The number of patients in each group was 29 in PP, 15
      in AP, and 20 in AA. The results were as follows. (1) The percentage of patients
      with a good therapeutic response was 79% (23/29) in PP, 53% (8/15) in AP, and 30%
      (6/20) in AA. (2) The median survival after the onset of the BP was 171 days (5.7
      mo) in PP, 146 days (4.9 mo) in AP, and 74 days (2.5 mo) in AA. Statistically,
      there was a significant difference between the AA and the other two groups (p
      less than 0.05). For further study, the AA and AP patients were divided into 4
      subgroups each: those with 48 or more chromosomes, those with 47 chromosomes,
      those with pseudodiploidy, and those with hypodiploidy. A subgroup with 48 or
      more chromosomes in the AA patients had a very short survival (median, 25 days;
      0.8 mo) and a poor therapeutic response (1/9, 11%). Our observations suggest that
      the lack of a clone with only a Ph1 (AA), particularly with more than 48
      chromosomes, at the acute crisis or shortly after the onset of the BP indicates
      an unfavorable therapeutic response and a poor prognosis after the onset of the
      BP.

PMID- 6572537
TI  - Hand-mirror forms in AUL: cytochemistry and ultrastructure.

PMID- 6572538
TI  - Publicity and bulimia nervosa.

PMID- 6572539
TI  - Autonomic arousal in eating disorders: further evidence for the clinical
      subdivision of anorexia nervosa.
AB  - Autonomic arousal, measured by skin conductance level and response, was examined
      in 36 female patients with eating disorders (anorexia nervosa and bulimia
      nervosa) and 32 control subjects. No differences were found between the control
      group and anorexics who lost weight solely through dieting (restricting
      anorexics). Patients with a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa and anorexics with
      bulimic features, however, showed fewer spontaneous skin conductance responses
      and were faster to habituate to 85 dB tones than either controls or restricting
      anorexic patients. The pattern of findings supports recent views concerning the
      clinical subdivision of anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 6572540
TI  - Endogenous prostaglandin F2 alpha in the hyperdynamic state of severe sepsis in
      man.
AB  - Nine surgical patients underwent haemodynamic and respiratory monitoring during
      the course of severe sepsis. Endogenous PGF2 alpha levels in mixed venous and
      arterial plasma were measured. Results indicate pulmonary net release of PGF2
      alpha, since arterial levels (1252 +/- 119 pg/ml) are significantly higher than
      mixed venous ones (824 +/- 89 pg/ml) in full-pronounced hyperdynamic septic
      shock. By contrast, the inactive metabolite KH2PGF2 alpha was found in lowest
      concentrations during shock (368 +/- 72 pg/ml) which suggests impaired pulmonary
      degradation. It is concluded that circulating PGF2 alpha is a marker of
      stimulated prostaglandin production in severe human sepsis.

PMID- 6572541
TI  - Treatment of erythroleukemia with anthracycline antibiotics and cytosine
      arabinoside.
AB  - The introduction of the anthracycline antibiotics and cytosine arabinoside have
      significantly improved the remission induction rate for patients with acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia. Erythroleukemia (M6 by French-American-British
      classification) has long been considered to be resistant to chemotherapy. Since
      1973 we have treated 14 patients with erythroleukemia with daunorubicin 45 mg/m2
      or doxorubicin 30 mg/m2 for three days and cytosine arabinoside 100 mg/m2 by
      continuous infusion for 7 to 10 days. Six complete remissions (43%) were obtained
      with remission durations of 3+, 4+, 9, 13, 29+, and 35 months. While this
      remission rate is somewhat lower than that obtained with other types of acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia, the combination of anthracycline antibiotics and
      cytosine arabinoside is clearly effective against erythroleukemia. Five patients
      treated before mid 1976 died soon after remission induction therapy was started.
      Four of these five patients were treated for 6 to 9 months with prednisone,
      halotestin, and/or splenectomy before remission induction chemotherapy was
      started and three of these patients died of systemic fungal infection, suggesting
      that these modalities of treatment may interfere with patient tolerance to
      remission induction therapy. It is suggested that erythroleukemia should be
      treated with intensive chemotherapy soon after the diagnosis is made.

PMID- 6572542
TI  - Pulmonary fibrosis subsequent to high doses of CCNU for chronic myeloid leukemia.
AB  - Two patients treated for chronic myeloid leukemia with high doses of CCNU (1100
      mg/m2 and 1240 mg/m2, respectively) developed a fatal pulmonary fibrosis. This
      side effect has never been reported for this nitrosourea but only for BCNU and
      methyl-CCNU. The responsibility of CCNU in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis
      seems very likely. The possibility that the underlying disease or other
      chemotherapeutic agents may increase the risk of pulmonary toxicity can, however,
      be discussed. In addition, 13 other adults treated for chronic myeloid leukemia
      with various doses of CCNU were reviewed. No respiratory symptoms appeared in the
      ten patients who were given less than 950 mg/m2. Three patients who received more
      than 1100 mg/m2 developed pulmonary symptoms with the same clinical and
      radiologic pattern as in the two cases with pathologic documents, and two of them
      died from acute respiratory failure. Although lung specimens were lacking from
      these three patients, it is suggested that the pulmonary toxicity of CCNU may be
      dose-related.

PMID- 6572543
TI  - Thyroid carcinoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood.
AB  - A 12-year-old boy with T-cell ALL was found to have occult papillary thyroid
      carcinoma at autopsy. This patient was treated with chemotherapy but no
      radiotherapy was utilized. Family history was not contributory. Because of short
      latent period (14 months) and no history of radiotherapy, an intrinsic factor
      might have played a major role in developing this second malignancy. Currently 11
      solid tumors have been reported as second malignant neoplasms after ALL in
      childhood. Four (including this case) of 11 were thyroid carcinoma. Two of them
      did not receive any radiotherapy. Special interrelation between ALL and thyroid
      carcinoma may be considered. And this interrelation should be taken into account
      in following the patients with ALL in the future.

PMID- 6572544
TI  - Radioactive-induced tumors by phosphorus-32 as colloidal compound.
AB  - Chromic colloidal phosphate labeled with 32P, which has been proposed for the
      treatment of several articular diseases, was injected intra-articularly in the
      knee joint of adult Wistar rats. After a 270 days minimum latent period, tumors
      began to appear in the injected zone, to a 70% frequency. Ten lung metastases
      were detected. In five cases, squamous cell carcinomas were induced in the
      injected area. The relevance of a sound evaluation of the risk involved in
      treatments with radioactive isotopes, is discussed.

PMID- 6572545
TI  - An unusual instance of leukemic infiltrate. Diagnosis and management of
      periapical tooth involvement.
AB  - The clinical course of an adult patient with relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia
      and leukemic infiltrate periapical to the dentition is described. While the oral
      symptoms were indicative of pulpal disease requiring dental therapy to resolve
      the patient's complaint, roentgenographic, dental pulp testing, and histologic
      analysis revealed extramedullary infiltrate apical to a mandibular molar. The
      findings developed coincident with relapse of leukemia; the medical and dental
      testing described above were essential in establishing an accurate diagnosis.
      While most oral leukemic infiltrates affect the gingiva, in this patient the
      infiltrate involved periapical tissue which was not clinically observable.

PMID- 6572546
TI  - Chronic myelogenous leukemia with a Philadelphia chromosome resulting from a
      complex translocation (2; 9; 22), following an undifferentiated acute leukemia.
AB  - This case report concerns a patient with acute leukemia considered at diagnosis
      to be undifferentiated. Unfortunately, because of the failure of the culture, a
      cytogenetic evaluation was not possible at that stage. A full remission was
      induced, but 17 months after the onset of the disease the patient developed
      chronic myelogenous leukemia. The karyotypes prepared at that time and during the
      follow-up revealed the presence of a Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) in all
      examined cells. This Ph1 resulted from a complex translocation involving
      chromosomes No. 2, 9, and 22.

PMID- 6572547
TI  - "Masked" Ph1 chromosome in a complex three-way translocation.
AB  - A patient with myelofibrosis was found to have a 46,XX,del(1)(q24),del(11)(p11),
      22,+mar karyotype in unstimulated peripheral blood (PB) and spleen cells. On
      detailed cytogenetic examination it was determined that this patient had an
      apparently "masked" Ph1 chromosome contained in a complex three-way
      translocation. Since phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated PB and spleen cells were
      essentially normal, the masked Ph1 chromosome was assumed to be an acquired
      cytogenetic abnormality. The portion missing from the masked Ph1 chromosome was
      apparently translocated onto del(1). Thus, the detailed karyotype was
      46,XX,t(1;11;22)(q24;p11;q11 or q12),t(1;22)(q24;q11 or q12). This complex
      rearrangement was present primarily in cells belonging to the granulocyte
      macrophage cell lineage, whereas E-rosetting cells, and presumably T lymphocytes,
      had normal karyotypes.

PMID- 6572548
TI  - Nonrandom cytogenetic changes in New Zealand patients with acute myeloid
      leukemia.
AB  - Bone marrow clones with abnormal chromosomes were observed in 56% of 66 patients
      with forms of acute myeloid leukemia [French-American-British (FAB) M1-M6]. Acute
      myeloblastic leukemia (AML, M1 and M2) was the most common form, and 65% of these
      patients showed chromosomal abnormalities compared with 41% of patients with
      acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL, M4). The recognized nonrandom chromosomal
      abnormalities found were trisomy 8, monosomy 5 or 7, trisomy 1q, t(6;9), t(8;21),
      t(15;17), and abnormalities in 17q. There was also a strong involvement of
      chromosome No. 11: Abnormalities were found in eight patients when their leukemia
      was diagnosed and in a further three patients during the course of karyotypic
      evolution. Six of these patients had AMMoL or AMoL. Complex or multiple clones
      were found in 37% of AML patients at diagnosis. Our AML patients had a reduced
      frequency of abnormalities in chromosome No. 5 or 7 and an increased frequency of
      abnormalities in chromosome No. 8 compared with studies reported in other
      countries (p = 0.01). This difference suggests that in New Zealand AML might be
      caused by factors different from those operating in more industrialized centers.

PMID- 6572549
TI  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in two children with a congenital chromosome
      anomaly: familial inv(11)(p15q13) in one and ring chromosome No. 21 in the other.
AB  - A congenital chromosome abnormality was found in two unrelated children with
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the first case, a pericentric inversion of
      chromosome No. 11, inv(11)(p15q13), was observed and discovered to be familial,
      being present in five other members of the family over two generations. In the
      second case, the presence of a congenital ring chromosome No. 21, 46,XX,r(21),
      was considered to be the result of a de novo mutation. The possible relation
      between these congenital chromosome anomalies and a predisposition to neoplasia
      is discussed and could be explained by different mechanisms: (1) amplification of
      oncogenic determinants by gene duplication, and/or (2) alteration of the effects
      of wildtype alleles through deletion or changes in position.

PMID- 6572550
TI  - A case of chronic myeloid leukemia without Ph1 translocation.
AB  - A case of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with a short survival (11 months) is
      described. Cytogenetic peculiarities of the bone marrow cells analyzed by G
      banding consisted of a Ph1 chromosome with no translocation and a translocation
      t(5;13). Hematological characteristics were marked leukocytosis and massive
      splenomegaly. After treatment with busulfan complete hematological remission was
      achieved, followed by the appearance of a normal clone. However, 6 months later
      the patient entered the blastic crisis and a hyperdiploid clone appeared. The
      usual chemotherapy was given, but the patient responded only partially and died
      with a prevalence of pathologic myeloblasts in the bone marrow, corresponding to
      progression of the hyperdiploid clone.

PMID- 6572552
TI  - Masked Philadelphia chromosome caused by translocation (9;11;22).
AB  - In a patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), chromosome analysis revealed
      a translocation involving chromosomes No. 9, 11, and 22, with three break points,
      thus giving origin to a so-called "masked" Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1). A
      review of similar cases reported in the literature indicates that a masked Ph1 is
      very rare, that the chromosomes involved vary from case to case, and that in most
      cases the pattern of the rearrangement is quite different from that of two- and
      three-chromosome variant Ph1 translocations.

PMID- 6572551
TI  - Genetic linkage analysis in a high-risk cancer family: HLA and 24 other markers.
AB  - Family Pi is a high-risk cancer family in which more than 40% of the members of
      two generations have had cancer, mostly breast, endometrial, and
      gastrointestinal. An analysis of over 30 polymorphic genetic markers for possible
      genetic linkage to a gene increasing susceptibility to cancer revealed positive
      LOD scores to markers within or near the major histocompatibility complex [HLA
      A,B (0.639), properdin B (Bf) (0.162), glyoxylase-1 (GLO-1) (0.166)] as well as
      to acid phosphatas (0.566) and MNSs (0.449). While no LOD score is statistically
      significant in the linkage analyses of this family alone, the data are compatible
      with the hypothesis that a cancer-susceptibility gene(s) (CSG) may be located on
      chromosome 6p, 2p, or 4q. Analyses of additional families with a similar cancer
      syndrome are warranted to resolve this ambiquity.

PMID- 6572553
TI  - Prostaglandin D2 inhibits the proliferation of human neuroblastoma cells.
AB  - The cytotoxic action of prostaglandin (PG) D2, E1 and F2 alpha was examined on
      human neuroblastoma cells (NB-1 cell line), and PGD2 was found to be the most
      effective. PGE1, thought to be the most effective among all PGs in the therapy of
      neuroblastoma, was much less effective than PGD2. PGF2 alpha did not show any
      inhibitory effect on the proliferation of NB-1 cells. When PGD2 was added, the
      cytoplasma became microscopically larger, then the cells gradually died off. PGD2
      also exerted a dose-dependent inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses. These results
      strongly suggest an antineoplastic activity of PGD2 for human neuroblastoma.

PMID- 6572554
TI  - Effects of the epipodophyllotoxin VP-16-213 on cell cycle traverse, DNA
      synthesis, and DNA strand size in cultures of human leukemic lymphoblasts.
AB  - Serial studies of human leukemic lymphoblasts (CCRF-CEM line) cultured with 0.25
      to 2.5 microM VP-16-213 for 0 to 6 hr indicated that the mechanism of
      cytotoxicity of this compound involves a primary effect on DNA. The most striking
      early change shown by flow cytometry in VP-16-213-treated cells was a delay in S
      phase transit before arrest of cells in G2. Coinciding with this S-phase delay
      was a selective inhibition of thymidine incorporation into DNA as well as
      concentration-dependent scission of DNA strands. Using alkaline elution methods,
      we were able to detect DNA breakage at concentrations of VP-16-213 well below the
      level required to demonstrate kinetic effects or inhibition of DNA synthesis.
      These data suggest that DNA strand scission is the initial event in the sequence
      of kinetic and biosynthetic changes leading to growth inhibition and death of VP
      16-213-treated cells. Inhibition of replicon initiation due to strand scission is
      a plausible explanation for the cytotoxic action of this podophyllotoxin
      derivative.

PMID- 6572555
TI  - Inhibition of human malignant melanoma colony-forming cells in vitro by
      prostaglandin A1.
AB  - The direct effect of continuous exposure to prostaglandins on the cloning
      efficiency and proliferative capacity of human malignant melanoma colony-forming
      cells in soft agar was evaluated. Prostaglandin A1 (PGA1) and prostaglandin E1
      (PGE1) effected a dose-dependent inhibition of colony formation and proliferative
      capacity. PGA1 at a concentration of 5 microgram/ml reduced colony formation of
      cells from human melanoma cell strains C8054, C8130, and C822 by at least 85%.
      PGA1 also inhibited colony formation of cells obtained directly from biopsies of
      melanoma tissues from eight patients by greater than 70% at a concentration of 5
      microgram/ml. A steep dose-response curve was evident by the little effect of
      PGA1 on colony formation at a concentration of 0.5 microgram/ml. The mean 50%
      inhibitory doses for PGA1 and PGE1 were 1.25 and 4.25 microgram/ml, respectively.
      Prostaglandin A2 was much less effective than PGA1 in inhibiting melanoma colony
      formation. The related prostaglandins (prostaglandin B1, prostaglandin F1 alpha,
      and prostaglandin E2 alpha) had little or no effect on colony formation. Overall,
      these results suggested that the presence of a carbonyl group at position 9 of
      the cyclopentane ring may be required for inhibitory activity as prostaglandins
      of the A and E series inhibited human melanoma cell growth. PGA1 and PGE1 did not
      effect a rise in cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate levels in C8054 and C8130
      cells. However, while alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and prostaglandin F2
      alpha did generate a rise in adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate levels in C8054 cells,
      these hormones had no effect on colony formation. These results are consistent
      with the notion that the PGA1 and PGE1 inhibition of melanoma colony-forming
      cells occurs via a noncyclic nucleotide mechanism.

PMID- 6572556
TI  - Degradation of the subendothelial matrix by tumor cells.

PMID- 6572557
TI  - Establishment and characterization of a differentiating myeloid cell line
      obtained from a rat myelomonocytic leukemia.
AB  - A long-term suspension culture line (c-WRT-7) was successfully established from a
      transplantable myelomonocytic leukemia induced by a neonatal injection of
      Rauscher leukemia virus in a WKA/Hok rat. A c-WRT-7 cell line was capable of
      being transplanted into syngeneic rats, and when transplanted, increased numbers
      of macrophage-like cells were observed in the peripheral blood of rats after i.v.
      injection. In in vitro culture, about 10% of the c-WRT-7 cells naturally
      differentiated into macrophage-like cells, which adhered to the bottom of a
      culture flask, and also possessed phagocytic activity. By means of cytological
      examination, about 30% of the c-WRT-7 cells were observed to be monoblastic with
      alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase activity. The nature of these c-WRT-7 cells as a
      myelomonocytic leukemia line was constant during in vitro passages of more than
      30 generations. In vitro treatment of c-WRT-7 cells with lipopolysaccharide, 12-O
      tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, or retinoic acid increased the numbers of
      differentiated cells with phagocytic activity to 80%. Treatment of the c-WRT-7
      cells with the inducers also induced 15 to 20% of the cells to differentiate into
      metamyelocytes and segmented neutrophils. The Fc receptor and the complement
      receptor both became detectable on the surface of c-WRT-7 cells after treatment
      with lipopolysaccharide, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, or retinoic acid.
      However, rosette-forming activity of sheep erythrocytes pretreated with
      neuraminidase which has been known as a marker of normal rat macrophages was not
      induced in c-WRT-7 cells. This shows that differentiated leukemic cells are not
      exactly identical with normal macrophages.

PMID- 6572558
TI  - Evidence of a treatment dose response in acute nonlymphocytic leukemias which
      occur after therapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AB  - We evaluated the occurrence of second cancers among 517 patients with non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) treated at the National Cancer Institute. Nine cases of
      acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANL) were observed compared to 0.08 cases expected
      (ratio of observed to expected cases, 105; 95% confidence limits, 48; 199). The
      excess risk of ANL was 4.1 cases per 1000 patients per year; the cumulative risk
      of ANL at 10 years was 7.9 +/- 3.2% (S.E.). A case-control study within the NHL
      cohort revealed that patients treated with both radiation and chemotherapy were
      at greater risk of ANL than were patients who received single-modality therapy
      (relative risk, 6.0; p less than 0.05), especially if the therapy included total
      body or hemibody radiation. A positive correlation between cumulative radiation
      dose to the bone marrow and risk of ANL was demonstrated, independent of
      chemotherapy duration. A similar correlation between chemotherapy dose and risk
      of ANL was suggested but could not be proven with the available data. An apparent
      association between ANL risk and indolent NHL histological subtypes was due to
      the significantly larger amounts of potentially leukemogenic therapy to which
      these patients were repeatedly exposed. Only one case of ANL occurred among NHL
      patients whose initial therapy produced a durable complete remission. Our data
      are compatible with a multistep model of leukemogenesis and also underscore the
      need for curative NHL treatment regimens which minimize the duration and quantity
      of therapy required for optimum patient management.

PMID- 6572559
TI  - Epithelial tissue-derived growth factor-like polypeptides.
AB  - SW-13 cells, derived from a human adenocarcinoma of the adrenal cortex, formed
      only a few small colonies when suspended in soft agar at low cell densities. The
      number and size of colonies increased dramatically following stimulation with
      serum-free medium conditioned by SW-13 cells, indicating the possibility of
      autostimulation in these malignant cells. Evidence is presented suggesting that
      SW-13 cells form progressively growing soft agar colonies upon stimulation by
      epithelial tissue-derived growth factor-like polypeptides. Both acid-ethanol
      extracts and conditioned media from three human carcinoma cell lines (A431, D562,
      and A549) caused similar increases in colony number and size of SW-13 cells.
      Extracts from 26 of 32 freshly excised human carcinomas and five freshly excised
      nonneoplastic human kidneys and one human lung stimulated soft agar growth of SW
      13 cells as well. None of the nine extracts from nonepithelial human solid
      malignant tumors stimulated SW-13 cells. However, a benign nonepithelial tumor
      (uterine leiomyoma) caused a low level of soft agar growth of SW-13 cells. Cell
      extract from A204 human sarcoma cells and both conditioned medium and acid
      ethanol cell extract from A375 human melanoma cells lacked SW-13 activity,
      whereas medium conditioned by A204 cells stimulated soft agar growth of SW-13
      cells. Chemical and physical treatment data indicated that the epithelial tissue
      derived growth factor-like substances are acid- and heat-stable polypeptides with
      disulfide bonds. The major peak of this activity had an apparent molecular weight
      of 20,000 to 22,000 and was clearly separable from transforming growth factors
      reported previously which stimulate colony formation by nontransformed mouse AKR
      2B and rat NRK cells. The major peaks of SW-13, NRK, and AKR-2B activity could be
      separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. This SW-13 activity induced
      irreversible anchorage-independent growth of SW-13 cells and an increase in DNA
      synthesis as measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation.

PMID- 6572560
TI  - Prominent glutamine oxidation activity in mitochondria of hematopoietic tumors.
AB  - Well-coupled mitochondria of hematopoietic tumors were isolated from mouse
      erythroleukemia and rat chloroma tumors grown in male DBA/2J mice and Long-Evans
      rats, respectively. We used erythroleukemia and chloroma mitochondria to
      determine their ability to utilize glutamine as an energy source for adenosine
      triphosphate formation. Oxypolarographic tests showed the following. (a) Presence
      of a prominent glutaminase activity in erythroleukemia and chloroma mitochondria
      is evidenced by their active glutamine-supported respiratory state 3. (b)
      Glutamine oxidation is mediated through a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
      linked reaction inhibited by rotenone. (c) Under similar conditions, mitochondria
      isolated from rabbit bone marrow have shown a feeble glutamine oxidation
      activity, while in mitochondria from rat liver the activity was not detectable
      and in those from rat kidney it was prominent as expected. (d) The determination
      of apparent Km and Vmax values for substrate-supported adenosine triphosphate
      formation has shown 8- to 10-fold lower Km values for glutamine oxidation as
      compared to that of glutamate, with virtually the same Vmax for each substrate in
      each mitochondria. These results clearly show the presence of a high glutamine
      oxidation activity in erythroleukemia and chloroma mitochondria and suggest that
      one of the glutamine hydrolysis products in those mitochondria may have an
      important role in supplying adenosine triphosphate in the corresponding malignant
      cells.

PMID- 6572561
TI  - Development of a cell kinetic approach to curative therapy of acute myelocytic
      leukemia in remission using the cell cycle-specific drug 1-beta-D
      arabinofuranosylcytosine in a rat model.
AB  - The timing of sequentially administered antineoplastic drugs is one determinant
      of toxicity and therapeutic benefit. We have conducted a series of studies with 1
      beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) in the rat model (Lewis X brown Norway F1
      hybrid rats bearing brown Norway myelocytic leukemia) for human acute myelocytic
      leukemia to examine the factors determining optimum timing of sequential
      administration of this cell cycle DNA synthesis phase-specific drug. Late-stage
      disease in this model is not curable with ara-C, but the maximum survival is
      achieved by rats given serial 2-day courses of ara-C 6 days apart. ara-C given in
      2- or 4-day-interval sequences to rats with late-stage disease is more toxic and
      not more effective. However, Lewis X brown Norway F1 hybrid rats bearing brown
      Norway myelocytic leukemia in early complete remission are curable with ara-C
      given in optimum timed sequence. In these experiments, groups of rats in early
      complete remission were given a 2-day course of ara-C in every-8-hr s.c.
      injections, and then a second 2-day course was given after 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 10-,
      or 12-day intervals. The best cure rate of rats surviving toxicity was achieved
      when sequentially administered 2-day courses of ara-C were given at 2- to 4-day
      intervals to rats in early complete remission. In the minimal residual disease
      state, as in late-stage disease, 2- and 4-day-interval sequencing was the most
      toxic. No significant number of cures of minimal residual disease could be
      obtained by even the maximum tolerated dose of ara-C given in longer than 6-day
      interval sequences or by various continuous or intermittent schedules. The fact
      that the Lewis X brown Norway F1 hybrid rats bearing brown Norway myelocytic
      leukemia, while relatively refractory to ara-C, are curable with this drug when
      used in optimum timed sequence in early remission is encouraging for similar
      clinical trials in humans and suggests some principles for the design of such
      trials.

PMID- 6572562
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of oral methotrexate in children.
AB  - The absorption and disposition kinetics of p.o. methotrexate were studied in 15
      children. Serum levels and urinary excretion of methotrexate, as measured by the
      dihydrofolate reductase inhibition assay, were monitored following a routine p.o.
      dose (6.3 to 28.1 mg/sq m) administered after an overnight fast. Significant
      interindividual variability was noted in peak levels (range, 0.27 to 1.1 microM),
      time to peak (1 to 5 hr), area under the serum concentration-time curve (1.08 to
      5.00 microM . hr), and the fraction of the dose absorbed (23 to 95%). Patients
      taking doses greater than 12 mg/sq m had a more prolonged absorptive phase and
      absorbed a smaller fraction of their dose, indicating that the mechanism of
      absorption may be saturable in some patients within the commonly administered
      dosage range. Urinary excretion was rapid, and the mean renal clearance of
      methotrexate was 1.6 times greater than was creatinine clearance, consistent with
      renal tubular secretion of the drug. While the marked degree of variability
      observed suggests a potential role for therapeutic drug monitoring in optimizing
      p.o. methotrexate therapy, the critical time points to monitor, the therapeutic
      and toxic ranges, and the intrapatient consistency of absorption must be defined
      before it will be practical and useful.

PMID- 6572563
TI  - Clinical correlations of leukemic clonogenic cell chemosensitivity assessed by in
      vitro continuous exposure to drugs.
AB  - This study was performed to assess the value of prolonged, as opposed to short
      pulse, in vitro exposure of leukemic cells to chemotherapeutic drugs in leukemic
      clonogenic assay for prediction of clinical response. In 21 patients with acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia treated with intensive combination chemotherapy based on
      an anthracycline and 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine infusion, chemotherapy
      sensitivity of leukemic clonogenic cells was assessed in comparison with that of
      normal myeloid clonogenic cells by the in vitro continuous exposure to drugs
      throughout the entire culture period. Analysis of these in vitro data in terms of
      prediction of achieving clinical complete remission was carried out in comparison
      with data on 22 cases in which in vitro sensitivity was assessed by the pulse 1
      hr exposure. The in vitro sensitivity index, expressed as a log odds ratio, was
      positive (greater than 0) in 8 of 11 patients achieving complete remission and
      negative (less than 0) in 7 of 10 patients failing to achieve complete remission,
      with an overall correlation of 71%. This is at least as good as the pulse
      exposure method, which has a correlation of 68%. If sensitivity indexes of
      marginal magnitudes (--1.0 approximately +1.0) are excluded, the correlation
      increases to 92% (12 of 13 patients). The correlation appears to improve
      especially for 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine by the continuous exposure
      method (71%) as compared with the pulse method (57%). This study establishes the
      feasibility of an in vitro chemotherapy sensitivity testing of leukemic
      clonogenic cells by continuous in vitro drug exposure and suggests that the
      continuous exposure method may be better than the pulse method for
      antimetabolites such as 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. The data also suggest
      that simulation of the in vivo drug schedule may be important in this in vitro
      test.

PMID- 6572564
TI  - Intermittent high-dose aclarubicin in patients with advanced cancer: a phase I
      study with special reference to cardiac toxicity.
AB  - Aclarubicin was given iv every 3 weeks to 21 patients with a variety of solid
      tumors. Four dose levels were tested: 80, 100, 120, and 140 mg/m2. The median
      cumulative dose was 270 mg/m2 (range, 80-900). No objective responses were
      observed. Hematologic toxicity was dose-limiting. All patients experienced
      moderate to severe gastrointestinal toxicity. Five of 13 patients evaluable for
      cardiac function showed clinical signs and ECG changes suggestive of cardiac
      dysfunction. The suggested maximum dose for phase II trials is 120-140 mg/m2 iv
      given in an intermittent 3-week schedule.

PMID- 6572565
TI  - Dantrolene and potentially fatal hyperthermia secondary to L-asparaginase.

PMID- 6572566
TI  - Induction of cytotoxic effector activity in the HL-60 promyelocytic cell line by
      incubation with phorbol myristate acetate: a model system of human spontaneous
      monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.
AB  - In an attempt to develop a constant and reproducible in vitro system for a
      detailed analysis of cytotoxic effector mechanisms of nonimmune mononuclear
      phagocytes, the HL-60 promyelocytic cell line was studied for its cytotoxic
      action on chicken erythrocyte target cells. HL-60 cells cultured in complete
      medium were found to be noncytotoxic for chicken erythrocytes in an 18-hr 51Cr
      release assay. These cells have been shown to acquire several characteristics of
      mature macrophages upon incubation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), and when
      PMA was included in the medium during the assay, the HL-60 cells became strongly
      cytotoxic to the target cells in the absence of exogenous antibody, lectin, or
      serum complement. Freshly isolated peripheral blood monocytes also became
      cytotoxic in the presence of PMA, whereas peripheral blood lymphocytes and the
      U937 histiocytic cell line did not. Detectable target lysis was observed between
      4 and 8 hr after HL-60 stimulation with PMA, and HL-60 cells prestimulated with
      PMA for 24 hr retained their cytotoxic activity following washing and assay in
      PMA-free medium. Cytotoxic HL-60 cells developed after exposure to 10(-6) to 10(
      9) M PMA, and significant target cell lysis occurred at effector:target cell
      ratios as low as 0.5:1. The PMA-induced HL-60-mediated cytotoxic response was
      markedly inhibited by blockers of protein synthesis, inhibition of microfilament
      function, and depletion of cellular superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.
      Interestingly, cytotoxicity of HL-60 cells for chicken erythrocyte targets was
      modulated by the direct addition of certain simple saccharides to the assay in a
      fashion similar to that observed with spontaneously cytotoxic mononuclear cells
      from several vertebrate and invertebrate species. Thus, the cytolytic effector
      function induced in HL-60 cells by incubation with PMA presents a useful model
      for the study of cellular cytotoxic mechanisms as well as the mechanisms utilized
      by nonimmune cells in the recognition of non-self.

PMID- 6572567
TI  - Granulocytic sarcoma of the jaw.

PMID- 6572568
TI  - Autoradiographic study using 3H-thymidine on rat incisal pulp cells in vitro.
AB  - An autoradiographic study using 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) was carried out to
      investigate which cells migrate from the pulp explant of the rat incisor in
      vitro. The cells close to the arterioles (perivascular cells) were especially
      labeled after 3H-TdR incubation following the dissection of the pulp explant. In
      tracing these 3H-TdR-labeled perivascular cells, about 15 per cent of the
      outgrowth cells were the perivascular cells after 2 days of culture and these
      perivascular cells had a high mitotic activity in vitro. On the other hand, it
      was ascertained that the odontoblasts in the pulp explant underwent necrotic
      changes and that the odontoblasts had no ability to migrate from the pulp
      explant.

PMID- 6572569
TI  - Subcutaneous infusion of cytosine arabinoside. A practical alternative to
      intravenous infusion.
AB  - The administration of cytosine arabinoside (araC) by continuous IV infusion
      requires the patient to be in hospital and have prolonged IV cannulation. In this
      study the pharmacokinetics of araC during continuous IV infusion were compared
      with those of continuous SC infusion in six patients with acute myelogenous
      leukaemia. Each patient acted as his own control. The mean plasma levels of araC
      reached a plateau within 2 h and the plasma concentrations and the area under the
      curve were similar for both methods of administration. The mean area under the
      curve (AUC) was 1147 +/- 230 ng/ml for the IV infusion and 1017 +/- 238 ng/ml for
      the SC infusion. The plasma araC concentrations showed wide interpatient
      variation, and there was also considerable variability in the plasma
      concentrations of araC within the individual patients after a plateau had
      apparently been reached. Subcutaneous infusion was well tolerated by the patients
      without any local discomfort or excoriation and SC infusion of araC is thus a
      feasible alternative to IV infusion. It allows the patients the benefits of being
      at home, while avoiding unnecessary thrombophlebitis.

PMID- 6572570
TI  - Electrocardiogram abnormalities induced by amsacrine.

PMID- 6572571
TI  - Velopharyngeal orifice area prediction during aerodynamic simulation of fricative
      consonants.
AB  - The present work examined the predictive nature of modeled velopharyngeal orifice
      area calculations obtained using the hydrokinetic equation (Warren and DuBois,
      1964) during conditions simulating voiceless fricative production. Results
      indicated that accurate estimates of velopharyngeal orifice area can be obtained
      during aerodynamic events like those known to exist during fricative production.
      These findings were interpreted to lend support to the view that aerodynamic
      assessment incorporating hydrokinetic principles provides a useful, noninvasive
      method for clinical testing and research investigation of velopharyngeal
      function.

PMID- 6572572
TI  - Stability of velopharyngeal competency.

PMID- 6572573
TI  - Tomographic assessment of craniofacial structures: cleft lip/palate.
AB  - The purpose of the investigation was to develop software and hardware
      modifications for computed tomography to provide high-resolution thin sections
      for the assessment of craniofacial anomalies in the pediatric population.
      Modifications were undertaken on an EMI 5005 head scanner. Section thickness of
      two millimeters and resolution of greater than ten lines per centimeter were
      achieved. Since this study was concerned with reduction of slice thickness and
      increase in resolution, radiation dose was not of immediate concern, but would be
      addressed subsequent to achievement of desired initial results. Initial results
      on investigation of a full-term human fetus with bilateral cleft lip, cleft of
      the posterior palate, and micrognathia are presented. The interrelationships of
      the affected structures are shown clearly. Soft tissues are visualized which
      cannot be seen by conventional tomography.

PMID- 6572574
TI  - Origin of hydrocortisone induced orofacial clefts in the chick embryo.
AB  - The growth and fusion of facial processes were studied in White Leghorn chicken
      embryos treated with hydrocortisone. This treatment results in complete bilateral
      cleft beak in 80-100% of cases. The frontonasal complex of the experimental
      embryos exhibited marked hypoplasia prior to cleft manifestation. During the
      critical period for cleft beak formation, the maximum mitotic activity was
      concentrated in the medial nasal processes, which thus became vulnerable to the
      mitosis inhibiting effect of corticoids. Primary hypoplasia of the facial
      processes was documented as a causative factor of corticoid-induced cleft beak
      which is analogous to mammalian cleft lip/palate.

PMID- 6572575
TI  - Familial hemifacial microsomia.
AB  - Hemifacial microsomia, a relatively distinct clinical form in the Facio-Auriculo
      Vertebral Spectrum is generally thought to be a sporadic event, although
      infrequent familial occurrences have been reported. In this communication, we
      describe a family with three males and two females in two successive generations
      affected with hemifacial microsomia. The pedigree is most compatible with
      autosomal dominant inheritance, although X-linked dominant or multifactorial
      inheritance cannot be excluded.

PMID- 6572576
TI  - What else to look for in a child born with a cleft of the lip and/or palate.

PMID- 6572578
TI  - Why are they so normal?

PMID- 6572577
TI  - Pharyngeal wall motion in prosthetically managed cleft palate adults.
AB  - Fiberoptic nasoendoscopy was used to evaluate the activity in the lateral and
      posterior pharyngeal walls of five adults with cleft palate, each of whom had
      worn a prosthetic speech appliance for more than 20 years. Activity during speech
      was greatest in the area of the levator veli palatini muscle and Passavant's
      ridge, while no gross activity was observed in the area of the auditory tube
      superiorly. Activity was variable within and between subjects. Apparent medial
      movement of the auditory tube seemed to be secondary to the influence of the
      levator muscle on the pharyngeal wall soft tissues.

PMID- 6572579
TI  - Different? I'm not different. Am I?

PMID- 6572580
TI  - Monocyte PGE2 secretion in Hodgkin's disease and its relation to decreased
      cellular immunity.
AB  - The secretion of PGE2 from monocytes of newly diagnosed patients with Hodgkin's
      disease (HD) was compared to that of patients in remission, who were not
      receiving either chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and normal controls. We found that
      monocyte monolayers of some patients, both newly diagnosed and those in
      remission, secreted markedly elevated levels of PGE2. The lymphocyte
      proliferative response to PHA was increased to a similar extent in both newly
      diagnosed patients and those in remission when cultured in the presence of
      indomethacin. PGE2 concentrations in the medium of mononuclear cultures
      correlated with the lymphocyte proliferative response to PHA (P less than 0.05).
      However, no correlation of monocyte PGE2 production with decreased E rosette
      forming lymphocytes, anergy or clinical stage could be demonstrated. We suggest
      that PGE2 secretion by monocytes is indicative of an 'activated' state of these
      cells. It is, however, unlikely that PGE2 is the only molecular species
      responsible for the decreased cellular immune function in HD. 'Activated'
      monocytes may be part of the immune response in this disease and may be
      responsible for the decreased cellular immunity.

PMID- 6572581
TI  - Differentiation of posterior pararenal space infection from psoas abscess by
      gallium imaging.
AB  - Three of four patients whose cases fit the clinical description of psoas abscess
      proved on gallium imaging to have infection in the posterior pararenal space
      sparing the psoas muscle. This space provides a route for spread of infection
      connecting the spine, the anterior abdominal wall, the scrotum, the anterior
      thigh, and the gluteal region as demonstrated by the cases presented. Clinical
      differentiation between posterior pararenal space infection and psoas abscesses
      is difficult and CT studies may not demonstrate the process when the psoas space
      is not involved.

PMID- 6572582
TI  - Microsomal incubation test of potentially hemolytic drugs for glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase deficiency.
AB  - The in vitro metabolizing method was modified and its ability to correctly
      identify eight known hemolytic and nine known nonhemolytic drugs of glucose-6
      phosphate (G6PD)-deficient erythrocytes was evaluated. The technique is based on
      inducing in vitro drug metabolism by incubation of red cells and drug with a
      reduced NADP-generating system in the presence of phenobarbital-induced mouse
      liver microsomes. Thus, this system provides a model for in vivo metabolic
      function. The hemolytic potential of tested drugs is indicated by the extent of
      loss of reduced glutathione of G6PD-deficient erythrocytes during 60-min
      incubations. Complete agreement between the test and literature for nonhemolytic
      compounds was observed. The test also correctly identified six of the eight known
      hemolytic drugs and failed to identify two known hemolytic drugs (acetanilide and
      sulfacetamide). The test was also applied to 14 drugs about which there is
      uncertainty regarding hemolytic potential. Of the latter, DL-alpha-methyldopa;
      alpha-naphthol; beta-naphthol; 2,3, dimercaptopropanol; phenacetin; and menadione
      were found to react positively. We conclude that this in vitro assay system will
      be useful in predicting which new drugs will be hemolytic in G6PD-deficient
      patients.

PMID- 6572583
TI  - Transtracheal high frequency jet ventilation prevents aspiration.
AB  - Aspiration is a potentially fatal complication of artificial ventilation. A
      cuffed tube is generally used now to prevent aspiration; however, it may lead to
      serious complications and has several disadvantages. High frequency jet
      ventilation (HFJV) is an innovative technique to prevent aspiration. The trachea
      of 6 anesthetized, paralyzed dogs was exposed and a catheter for jet ventilation
      introduced between the 1st and 2nd tracheal ring. Another catheter was used for
      measuring intratracheal pressure. An endoscope was inserted into the trachea
      about 2 inches lower down and directed upwards to give a view of the vocal cords
      from below. A mixture of saliva, saline, and cardiogreen was introduced into the
      mouth so as to form a pool. When observation confirmed that HFJV prevents
      aspiration at frequencies of 100/min and ratios of inspiration/expiration (I:E)
      equalling 1:1, observations were repeated at I:E, 1:2 and 1:3 and at rates of
      60/min and 200/min. The depth of the pool was gradually increased to between 2
      and 31/4 inches and observations were repeated. Endoscopy alone was used in 4
      animals and endoscopic film in 2 to evaluate the efficacy of HFJV. The results
      showed convincingly that: (1) HFJV can prevent fluid from entering the larynx
      from above; (2) this effect is unreliable when the frequency is decreased to
      60/min or inspiration becomes shorter than 33% of the cycle; (3) intratracheal
      end-expiratory pressures show values slightly higher than the fluid level above
      the cords; and (4) the cords are separated and the gas mixture bubbles through
      the fluid. We conclude that (a) valve mechanisms cannot account for our
      observations; and (b) at rates above 60/min and with duration of expiration of
      66% or less, HFJV will prevent aspiration by causing a continuous gas flow
      outward through the larynx. This is associated with a low continuous positive
      airway pressure and excellent blood gases.

PMID- 6572584
TI  - Pressure-time relationships of pressure-limited neonatal ventilators.
AB  - A pressure-limited ventilator (Bourns BP-200, Anaheim, CA) and a simple, manually
      operated constant flow ventilator were studied using a commercially available
      infant lung simulator (Bourns LS-130, Anaheim, CA). The characteristics of
      inspiratory pressure-time relationships during ventilation with these ventilators
      were analyzed. The analytic properties of the inspiratory phase of the pressure
      time curve were related to simulator resistance and compliance. A mathematical
      model was constructed relating the initial rapid rise of the pressure curve to
      simulator resistance and the subsequent slope of the curve to simulator
      compliance. Qualitatively similar tracings were obtained with the BP-200 during
      normal ventilation, with simulated airway obstruction and thoracic restriction.
      These findings suggest that monitoring pressure-time relationships may be useful
      in the qualitative assessment of resistance and compliance during pressure
      limited ventilation of neonates.

PMID- 6572585
TI  - The future of dentistry. Part 2.

PMID- 6572586
TI  - "Do you want to keep the P.C.?".

PMID- 6572587
TI  - Computers in dentistry. Part 6. Digital equipment's dental practice management
      system.

PMID- 6572588
TI  - The sequential addition of ribosomal proteins during the formation of the small
      ribosomal subunit in Friend erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - Nucleolar '80-S' and '40-S' preribosomes (containing 45-S and 21-S pre-rRNA,
      respectively), as well as cytoplasmic ribosomes, were isolated from Friend
      erythroleukemia cells. The presence of structural ribosomal proteins in the
      isolated particles was studied by using antisera against individual rat liver
      small ribosomal subunit proteins. The analysis is based on the established
      crossreactivity between rat and mouse ribosomes [F. Noll and H. Bielka (1970)
      Mol. Gen. Genet. 106, 106-113]. The identification of the proteins was achieved
      by two independent immunological techniques: the passive haemagglutination test
      and the enzyme immunoassay of electrophoretically fractionated proteins, blotted
      on nitrocellulose. All 17 proteins tested are present in cytoplasmic ribosomes. A
      large number of proteins (S3a, S6, S7, S8, S11, S14, S18, S20, S23/24 and S25)
      are present in the '80-S' preribosome. Only two proteins (S3 and S21) are added
      during the formation of the '40-S' preribosome in the nucleolus. Four proteins
      (S2, S19, S26 and S29) are added at later, possibly extranucleolar, stages of
      ribosome formation. The results obtained provide evidence for the sequential
      addition of proteins during the formation of the small ribosomal subunit in
      Friend erythroleukemia cells.

PMID- 6572589
TI  - Echocardiographic features in the cardiac type of glycogen storage disease II.
AB  - Clinical and echocardiographic findings of a six-month-old female with the
      cardiac variety of glycogen storage disease II type (Pompe's disease) are
      described. Obviously thickened right and left ventricular walls were detected
      with both M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography. Echocardiographic features
      were similar to those seen in extreme hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In combination
      with the clinical and biochemical features, this echocardiographic technique may
      be helpful in the early diagnosis of cardiac involvement in generalized
      glycogenosis.

PMID- 6572590
TI  - Inhibition of enkephalin metabolism by, and antinociceptive activity of,
      bestatin, an aminopeptidase inhibitor.
AB  - In the presence of thiorphan an 'enkephalinase' inhibitor, bestatin an
      aminopeptidase inhibitor of bacterial origin potently inhibited the hydrolysis of
      [3H][Leu5]enkephalin by slices from rat striatum with an IC50 value of about 0.2
      microM whereas puromycin was approximately 1000 times less potent on this
      preparation. In vivo bestatin or thiorphan (but not puromycin) significantly
      protected [3H][Met5]enkephalin administered intracerebroventricularly to mice
      from hydrolysis and co-administration of these two peptidase inhibitors resulted
      in a strong reduction in the appearance of hydrolysis products in brain. In a
      parallel fashion the antinociceptive activity of [Met5]enkephalin in the mouse
      hot-plate test was additively potentiated by bestatin and thiorphan but not by
      puromycin. Finally both bestatin and thiorphan themselves displayed
      antinociceptive properties on either the hot-plate jump test or the phenyl-benzo
      quinone writhing test. It is concluded that a bestatin-sensitive aminopeptidase
      activity together with the 'enkephalinase' activity plays a critical role in the
      inactivation of both exogenous and endogenous enkephalins.

PMID- 6572591
TI  - DOM-stimulus generalization to LSD and other hallucinogenic indolealkylamines.
AB  - Stimulus generalization studies were conducted using rats trained to discriminate
      1.0 mg/kg of the phenalkylamine hallucinogen 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2
      aminopropane (DOM) from saline in a two-lever operant procedure. The results
      suggest that certain indolealkylamine hallucinogens, including LSD and several
      alpha-methyltryptamine, N,N-dialkyltryptamine and beta-carboline derivatives, are
      capable of producing stimulus effects similar to those produced by DOM.
      Furthermore, for twelve agents where human data are available, a significant
      correlation exists between discrimination-derived ED50 values and hallucinogenic
      potency.

PMID- 6572592
TI  - Effect of leukotriene C4 on the release of secretory products by elicited
      populations of rat peritoneal macrophages.

PMID- 6572593
TI  - Normal and abnormal growth of the mandible. A synthesis of longitudinal
      cephalometric implant studies over a period of 25 years.

PMID- 6572594
TI  - A longitudinal study of the development of the posterior nasopharyngeal wall
      between 3 and 16 years of age.

PMID- 6572595
TI  - The effect of the perforated vestibular screen on nasal respiration.

PMID- 6572596
TI  - The effect of partial resection of the cartilaginous nasal septum on the
      osteogenic cells of the facial bones in rats. [3H]-thymidine incorporation study.

PMID- 6572597
TI  - Stability of deep overbite correction.

PMID- 6572598
TI  - Chromosome-mediated gene transfer with the Chinese hamster ovary cell line.
AB  - Using an improved method of chromosome-mediated gene transfer, we have
      investigated transfer of the codominantly expressed methotrexate-resistant
      dihydrofolate reductase (MtxRIIIdhfr) gene into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell
      recipients. The frequency of dhfr gene transfer with CHO cells varied
      considerably from clone to clone, ranging from 4 X 10(-7) to 5 X 10(-5). Using
      appropriate cell recipients we were able to test for linkage of several genetic
      markers available in the CHO cell line. For example, the mutation resulting in
      the auxotrophic glyB-CHO cell line has been reported by others to be linked to
      the dhfr gene. However, we could not demonstrate cotransfer of these two markers
      when glyB- recipient cells were treated with MtxRIII chromosomes and transformant
      clones were selected for either methotrexate-resistance (MtxR) or glycine
      prototrophy. We conclude that these two genes are not closely linked in the
      hamster genome. However, the genes for thymidine kinase (tk) and galactokinase
      (gk), which are known to be linked in mammalian genomes, were found to cotransfer
      into CHO recipients with a frequency of about 50%.

PMID- 6572599
TI  - Inhibition of DNA synthesis in erythroleukemic cells by a liver protein fraction.

PMID- 6572601
TI  - [Mortality rate, ratio and average age at death in regions with different
      fluoride concentrations in drinking water].

PMID- 6572600
TI  - Induction of ovulation and spawning in the catfish, Clarias batrachus (L.) by
      prostaglandin F2 alpha.
AB  - Administration of low doses of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), i.e. 10 and
      100 ng/g b.wt, was ineffective in inducing ovulation and spawning in mature
      catfish. However, doses of 200 ng/g b.wt of PGF2 alpha elicited partial response,
      and 500 ng/g b.wt of PGF2 alpha induced profuse ovulation and spawning similar to
      that induced by administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG).

PMID- 6572602
TI  - [A case of branchiogenic cyst in an aged patient].

PMID- 6572603
TI  - [Clinical experience with the Nitinol orthodontic arch].

PMID- 6572605
TI  - [Amalgams without gamma-2 phase].

PMID- 6572604
TI  - [Follow-up examination of single-piece silver-palladium bridges].

PMID- 6572606
TI  - [Incidence of oral mycoses in wearers of partial or total prostheses].

PMID- 6572607
TI  - Symposium on dental photography.

PMID- 6572608
TI  - Dental photography in the graduate teaching program: educational and clinical
      applications.
AB  - Photography is a major educational and documentary tool in dental specialty
      training. The requirements of a dental clinician's photographic equipment and
      supplies have been outlined. Photographic documentation of the oral structures in
      health, disease, and the various stages of therapy offer unequalled opportunities
      for keeping accurate records and conveying information to students, faculty,
      colleagues, and patients.

PMID- 6572609
TI  - The application of photography in forensic dentistry.
AB  - Certainly, not all of these photographs and procedures are necessary for
      documentation. In the past, the dental charting and word of the forensic dentist
      on identification have been readily accepted and rarely challenged in court.
      However, in an era when technology has made quality photography accessible to all
      dentists, these techniques permit improvement of a procedure. Adding a
      photographic record to a written postmortem dental chart promotes accuracy and
      reproducibility of detail and is desirable and logical for a technique whose
      value is predicated upon its scientific nature.

PMID- 6572610
TI  - Photography: its uses in dental practice, lectures, and the home.

PMID- 6572611
TI  - Photography in dentistry: equipment and technique.

PMID- 6572612
TI  - Role of "third-look" laparotomy in the guidance of ovarian cancer treatment.
AB  - Twenty-seven patients with Stage III epithelial ovarian carcinoma received a
      "third-look" celiotomy. Each patient received a minimum of an additional 12
      courses of chemotherapy after persistent tumor had been documented at a "second
      look" procedure. Twelve of the twenty-seven patients have died. No tumor
      associated deaths occurred in patients with grade 1 neoplasms. Of the patients
      with microscopic disease at the second-look procedure who came to third-look
      laparotomy, none had died secondary to tumor growth. The survival time of
      patients with microscopic disease at third-look is greater than that of patients
      with macroscopic disease (P = 0.0009). In patients who had effective tumor
      reductive surgery performed at second-look, the third-look findings were highly
      predictive as to survival. Long-term chemotherapy had a significant incidence of
      related mortality. Four of the twenty-seven patients died as a direct result of
      the chemotherapeutic toxicity. The patients receiving melphalan for at least 24
      courses appeared to be at greatest risk, with 23% dying from either aplastic bone
      marrow changes or leukemia. The morbidity associated with third-look laparotomy
      was not excessive. Many factors need careful review prior to planning a third
      look laparotomy. This retrospective study demonstrates that patients with either
      a grade 1 neoplasm or only microscopic disease at the second-look procedure do
      well regardless of the third-look findings.

PMID- 6572613
TI  - New gene assignments in the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Comparison with other
      species.
AB  - Nineteen cell hybrids were obtained by fusing rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus, OCU)
      fibroblasts and a Chinese hamster cell line HGPRT-. Eleven enzymatic markers were
      previously investigated (Soulie and Grouchy 1982); seven of these could be
      assigned (LDHA, LDHB, TPI, PEPB, NP, ITP, and G6PD). Two assignments were
      uncertain (MDH2 and GUK). Two markers could not be assigned (MDH1 and PGD). Seven
      further markers were investigated and are the subject of this report. Six could
      be assigned: GALT to chromosome OCU1, GAPD to OCU4, GPX and ACY to OCU9, PGM1 to
      OCU13, and GSR to OCU19. One could not be assigned (GPI). MDH2 and GUK were
      previously considered uncertain. Now MDH2 was found impossible to assign and GUK
      was mapped on OCU15. These assignments were compared with those known in man,
      Cebus capucinus, Microcebus murinus, cat, and mouse. It was impossible to assign
      any enzymatic marker belonging to the ten linkage groups known in the rabbit. The
      esterase locus could not be investigated since the rabbit enzyme migrates in the
      same position as the hamster enzyme.

PMID- 6572614
TI  - Identification of new cryoprotective agents for cultured mammalian cells.
AB  - Thirty-one compounds have been identified that act as cryoprotective agents for
      cultured mammalian cells. Eight compounds were comparable to dimethylsulfoxide
      (DMSO) in cryoprotective effectiveness. Many of the cryoprotective compounds
      studied also (a) promote cell fusion and (b) induce cell differentiation in
      erythroleukemia and other cell systems. Thus, previously unrecognized effects on
      the differentiated state of cells may occur when cells are treated with
      cryoprotective agents.

PMID- 6572615
TI  - Brain Ia antigens have a bone marrow origin.
AB  - Our results, using radiation-induced bone marrow chimeras, demonstrate that the
      Ia antigen found in the brains of such animals is produced by cells having
      precursors in the bone marrow. These cells are not immediately blood borne since
      no IgM is detected in these brains. This rules out the obvious possibility of B
      lymphocyte contamination as the source of Ia in the brain cell preparations. It
      thus appears that the central nervous system, like many other nonlymphoid organs,
      has a source of Ia-positive cells that are derived from bone marrow precursors.

PMID- 6572616
TI  - Studies of leukotoxin from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans using the
      promyelocytic HL-60 cell line.
AB  - The promyelocytic HL-60 cell line was examined for susceptibility to leukotoxin
      from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans
      which caused lysis of human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes also
      lysed HL-60 cells as determined by release of intracellular lactate
      dehydrogenase. The killing of HL-60 cells by A. actinomycetemcomitans was dose
      dependent and temperature dependent, reached maximal levels after 45 min of
      incubation, and was inhibited by rabbit antisera to A. actinomycetemcomitans. Of
      100 oral isolates of A. actinomycetemcomitans from 55 subjects, 16% from 11
      healthy subjects, 43% from 13 adult periodontitis patients, 75% from 4 insulin
      dependent diabetics, 66% from 2 generalized juvenile periodontitis patients, and
      55% from 25 localized juvenile periodontitis patients produced leukotoxin. The
      same subject could harbor both leukotoxin-producing and -nonproducing isolates.
      The significantly higher proportion of leukotoxin-producing isolates in the
      disease groups compared with the healthy group is consistent with the hypothesis
      that leukotoxin from A. actinomycetemcomitans is an important virulence factor in
      the pathogenesis of certain forms of periodontal disease.

PMID- 6572617
TI  - Long-term maintenance of reduced intraocular pressure by daily or twice daily
      topical application of prostaglandins to cat or rhesus monkey eyes.
AB  - Substantial evidence indicates that a single topical application of
      prostaglandins (PGs) can reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in the eyes of several
      species. However, earlier literature, dealing with ocular hypertensive and
      inflammatory responses, shows the development of tachyphylaxis to subsequent
      doses of PGs. If similar tolerance developed to the ocular hypotensive effects of
      PGs, it would preclude the use of these agents in the treatment of chronic
      glaucoma. The present study shows, however, that although tachyphylaxis to the
      ocular hypotensive effects of PGs develops in rabbits, this is not a typical
      response among mammals. Significant IOP reduction was maintained in cats for up
      to 9 months by topical application of PGE2 at 12-, 24-, or 48-hr intervals. The
      IOP reduction was jeopardized seriously only when the PG was applied every other
      day for several days or when, on a few occasions, 3 days were allowed to elapse
      between PGE2 applications. Ocular hypotension was also maintained during the
      course of topical treatment of rhesus monkey eyes with PGF2 alpha. Short periods
      of pupillary constriction followed the application of each dose of PGF2 alpha to
      cat eyes, but the miotic response of rhesus monkeys to PGF2 alpha and cats to
      PGF2 was negligible. Other apparent side effects were noted, but none of these
      were severe or progressive. These results clearly demonstrate that tachyphylaxis,
      or tolerance, is not expected to present an obstacle to the development of
      eicosanoids and/or their derivatives as therapeutic agents for the long-term
      treatment of ocular hypertension and chronic glaucoma.

PMID- 6572618
TI  - Noninvasive observations on eyes of cats after long-term maintenance of reduced
      intraocular pressure by topical application of prostaglandin E2.
AB  - Daily or twice daily prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) application to cat eyes was shown to
      maintain a reduced intraocular pressure (IOP) for several months without causing
      substantial flare or cellular response. We report now on detailed ophthalmic
      examinations performed on these cats after 5-9 months of such treatment (ie,
      after 150 to 250 unilateral PGE2 applications; 100 micrograms/treatment per eye).
      A comparison of the treated and contralateral control eyes revealed no
      differences in the axial length of ocular compartments, in the biomicroscopic
      appearance of the lens, vitreous, retina, or optic nerve head, in the rate of
      light-induced pupillary constriction or in the wave form of the
      electroretinogram. The cell density of the corneal endothelium was not decreased,
      but the endothelial surface did contain a few small "dark spots." A slight
      iridial heterochromia was generally apparent. In three of the cats PGE2
      application had a sialagogic effect that became a conditioned reflex. Cats tended
      to keep their lids closed after each treatment; lid closure was more prolonged in
      the PGE2-treated eye than in the contralateral eye that received the same volume
      (50 microliters) of vehicle solution. It is concluded that daily treatment with
      PGE2, in doses sufficient to cause a maintained reduction in IOP, does have some
      side effects. However, none of these side effects are of sufficient importance to
      exclude the use of eicosanoids as potential anti-glaucoma agents.

PMID- 6572619
TI  - Effects of testosterone metabolites and of anabolic androgens on the bone marrow
      and thymus in castrated female mice.
AB  - Effects of metabolites of testosterone and of anabolic androgens on bone marrow
      and thymus of ovariectomized mice were studied. Steroids contained in capsules
      made of silastic tubing were implanted on the day of castration or were injected
      at the day of castration (Noralone and T.P.), lymphatic organs were examined two
      weeks later. It was found that testosterone, 5 alpha-DHT, 3 alpha-diol,
      Dianabole, T.P., and Noralone caused increases in the relative number of large
      cells and in activity of 20 alpha SDH in bone marrow. Concomitantly, these
      steroids caused a marked reduction in thymus cell number and an increase in the
      responsiveness of the thymus cells to Con A and PHA. The steroid 3 beta-diol
      increased marrow cell 20 alpha SDH activity but did not affect the thymus cell
      number. Other steroids tested, Ad-dione 3 alpha or 3 beta-androsterone, 5 beta
      DHT, epitestosterone, and progesterone had no effect on thymus or bone marrow.

PMID- 6572620
TI  - Cytofluorometric analysis of major histocompatibility antigens on human monocytes
      using monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - The expression of HLA-A, B, C, and DR antigens was investigated on monocyte
      preparations by flow cytometry using various monoclonal antibodies. Essentially
      all human monocytes, either freshly isolated or after culture for several days,
      were stained for HLA-A, B, C, and DR antigens. When monocytes were incubated with
      Con-A-stimulated lymphocyte supernatants, an increase in HLA-A, B, C, and DR
      staining was observed. No increase was noted when two other monoclonal antibodies
      against non-HLA-related monocyte antigens (63D3 and 61D3) were studied under the
      same culture conditions. These results indicate that soluble factor(s) present in
      Con-A-stimulated lymphocyte supernatants modulate the expression of the major
      histocompatibility antigens on the surface of human monocytes.

PMID- 6572621
TI  - Epidemic and endemic HLA-B and DR associations in mucocutaneous lymph node
      syndrome.
AB  - HLA-A,B and DR antigens were evaluated in 51 patients with mucocutaneous lymph
      node syndrome (Kawasaki disease) during both endemic and epidemic periods in the
      Boston area. Although 80% of patients were HLA-B5 (70% HLA-Bw51) during endemic
      periods, there were no HLA-B5 individuals during the epidemic period. There was,
      however, an increased incidence of HLA-Bw44 during the Boston epidemic. Such
      different associations in endemic versus epidemic periods suggest possible
      different, as yet unknown, inciting agents.

PMID- 6572622
TI  - Hyperthermic potentiation of doxorubicin and 4'-epi-doxorubicin in a
      transplantable neurogenic rat tumor (BT4A) in BD IX rats.
AB  - The combined effect of hyperthermia and doxorubicin on the neurogenic rat cell
      line BT4C was found to be synergistic in vitro. The present investigation was
      initiated to study if this synergistic effect also could be obtained in vivo. An
      enhanced effect occurred when doxorubicin and 4'-epi-doxorubicin 7 mg/kg body
      weight were given 30 minutes prior to local water bath hyperthermia (one hour at
      44.0 degrees C). The local side effects of the combined treatment did not
      increase above that of hyperthermia alone. Therefore, local hyperthermia may
      become a useful modality for enhancement of the effect of anthracyclines on
      tumors with marginal drug sensitivity or bulky tumors with poor drug penetration.

PMID- 6572623
TI  - Studies on the differentiation inducers of myeloid leukemic cells. II. citrinin,
      a new inducer of the differentiation of M1 cells.

PMID- 6572624
TI  - Computer-assisted chromosome mapping by protoplast fusion in Staphylococcus
      aureus.
AB  - Protoplasts of genetically marked derivatives of Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 8325
      were fused with polyethylene glycol and regenerated without selection.
      Recombinants possessing one specific resistance marker from each parent were
      selected from the regenerated population and scored for seven or eight unselected
      markers. The results of these 9- and 10-factor crosses were entered directly into
      a programmed microcomputer from prescored replica plates. The data then were
      condensed into an array of phenotypes, together with the frequency with which
      each occurred. Further analyses by computer included the calculation of
      coinheritance frequencies for all possible pairs of markers; after entering a
      proposed order for the markers being analyzed, the minimum number of crossover
      events required to generate each phenotypic class was calculated. The linkage
      relationships of markers, based on the protoplast fusion data, were entirely
      consistent with the linkage relationships of markers already known to exist
      within each of the three linkage groups previously defined by transformation. The
      fusion data defined an arrangement of the three linkage groups into a circular
      chromosome map and predicted the approximate location of four previously unmapped
      markers (tet-3490, fus-149, purC193::Tn551, and omega [Chr::Tn551]42) on this
      map.

PMID- 6572625
TI  - Confirmation of protoplast fusion-derived linkages in Staphylococcus aureus by
      transformation with protoplast DNA.
AB  - Transformation provided definitive evidence for linkage between tyrB282::Tn551
      ermB321 and omega (Chr::Tn551)34, and thus between the separate large linkage
      groups containing these markers, in Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 8325.
      Transformation also defined the chromosomal loci for the purC193::Tn551 and omega
      (Chr::Tn551)42 markers and the linkage of a tetracycline resistance marker (tet
      3490) with a fusidic acid resistance marker (fus-149). The use of DNA isolated
      from protoplasts under conditions that reduced hydrodynamic shear greatly
      facilitated the demonstration of most of these linkages. These results provide
      direct evidence confirming several of the linkages predicted by a microcomputer
      assisted protoplast fusion analysis in a previous study (M. L. Stahl and P. A.
      Pattee, J. Bacteriol. 154:395-405, 1983); those markers whose predicted linkages
      were not confirmed by transformation are probably separated by chromosomal
      distances that exceed the limits of detection by transformation, even with
      protoplast DNA.

PMID- 6572626
TI  - Rotation-plasty for childhood osteosarcoma of the distal part of the femur.

PMID- 6572627
TI  - Immobilized 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and dansyl hydrazine as a pre
      labeling reagent for high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence
      detection of bile acids.
AB  - A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection is
      described for the determination of bile acids and their conjugates. After
      enzymatic conversion of bile acids to 3-oxo-bile acids using the immobilized 3
      alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase reactor column, 3-oxo-bile acids were
      extracted with a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge, labelled with dansyl hydrazine and then
      separated by high-performance liquid chromatography on a reversed-phase column.
      The eluate is monitored by a fluorophotometer at 365 nm (excitation) and 520 nm
      (emission). Reactions proceed quickly under mild conditions to give fluorescent
      derivatives. Linearity of the fluorescence intensity (peak height) with the
      amounts of various bile acids and their conjugates was obtained above 0.5-1.0
      pmol. The method is sensitive, reliable and useful for the simultaneous
      determination of bile acids in biological samples.

PMID- 6572628
TI  - The cytoreceptor assay for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and its application to
      clinical studies.

PMID- 6572629
TI  - Type III glycogenosis presenting as liver disease in adults with atypical
      histological features.
AB  - Two cases of type III glycogen storage disease are reported in adults; the
      occurrence of cirrhosis in one case illustrates the potential development of
      chronic liver disease in this condition. The other was the oldest patient with
      this condition found in a review of published reports. Electron microscopy of
      peripheral blood leucocytes to demonstrate excess glycogen was found to be a
      quick and useful aid to diagnosis. Histology of these adult cases showed a
      distribution of hepatocyte vacuolation which has not been previously recorded.

PMID- 6572630
TI  - Use of metronidazole as a probe in the study of human periodontal disease.

PMID- 6572631
TI  - Periodontal pocket measurements with a modified Plast-o-Probe and a metal probe.
AB  - Two types of periodontal probes used to measure pocket depths, i.e. a modified
      Plast-o-Probe (PoP) and a metal probe (MP), were compared. Periodontal pocket
      depths in 5 volunteers were determined by 5 clinically trained investigators
      using each of the probes. The average periodontal pocket depth was found to be
      the same for both probes and was independent of the degree of gingival
      inflammation and the localisation of probing. The results obtained by 1 of the 5
      investigators were influenced by the type of probe. 4 investigators found that
      PoP permitted a 2.8-11.0% greater degree of reproducibility while MP exhibited a
      0.9-12.2% higher inter-investigator agreement. In vivo and in vitro radiological
      and histometrical analysis on another group of patients showed a similar degree
      of penetration into the connective tissue zones with both probes. The
      investigators considered PoP a precise instrument but suggested that its
      readability should be improved for routine clinical use.

PMID- 6572632
TI  - Use of chlorhexidine as a plaque control measure following surgical treatment of
      periodontal disease.
AB  - Chlorhexidine mouth rinsing was compared with regularly performed professional
      tooth cleaning as a plaque control measure during healing following periodontal
      surgery. 14 patients were selected for the study. A Baseline examination included
      assessment of oral hygiene status, gingival condition, probing depth and
      attachment level. In each patient, scaling and root planing was carried out in
      conjunction with the modified Widman flap procedure including recontouring of
      alveolar bone irregularities in 2 jaw quadrants. The same procedures without
      osseous surgery were performed in contralateral jaw quadrants. 7 patients rinsed
      their mouth with a solution of 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate twice a day, 2 min
      each time, for the first 6 months after therapy (healing phase). During the same
      period the remaining 7 patients were recalled every 2 weeks for professional
      tooth cleaning ad modum Axelsson & Lindhe (1974). Following reexamination after 6
      months, all 14 patients were placed on a maintenance care program which included
      mechanical prophylaxis once every 3 months for 18 months (maintenance phase).
      Reexaminations were performed 6, 12 and 24 months after completion of initial
      therapy. The results revealed that professional tooth cleaning was somewhat more
      effective as a plaque control measure during healing following surgery than
      chlorhexidine mouth rinsing. At the end of the healing phase (1) there was a
      higher frequency of sites with pockets deeper than 4 mm in the patients who
      rinsed with chlorhexidine, (2) less gain of attachment occurred following
      chlorhexidine rinsing in pockets with an initial probing depth of greater than 4
      mm, and (3) attachment loss in initially shallow pockets was somewhat more
      pronounced in the patients who rinsed with chlorhexidine. The differences in the
      effect of the 2 methods of plaque control, however, were small and in most
      respects diminished in the course of the maintenance phase. It was concluded that
      mouth rinsing with chlorhexidine is a proper alternative to plaque control during
      healing following periodontal surgery.

PMID- 6572634
TI  - Relative effects of plaque control and instrumentation on the clinical parameters
      of human periodontal disease.
AB  - The healing events of 7 patients with generalized chronic periodontitis were
      monitored clinically during 3 consecutive phases of treatment: 1) tooth brushing
      and flossing, 2) subgingival use of the Perio-Aid, and 3) supra and subgingival
      instrumentation. The clinical parameters evaluated were plaque score, bleeding
      score, probing pocket depth, probing attachment level, and gingival recession.
      Each phase continued until maximum effects were achieved (5, 3, and 9 months
      respectively) determined by minimal or no changes in bleeding scores and probing
      pocket depths between 3 successive examinations. The results showed limited
      improvement in the bleeding scores and probing pocket depths with tooth brushing
      and flossing only (Phase 1). During use of the Perio-Aid (Phase 2), there was no
      additional improvement, but the initial limited gains made during Phase 1 were
      maintained. By the end of Phase 2, however, a slight loss of probing attachment
      level was noticeable. After instrumentation (Phase 3), there was further and more
      pronounced improvement in bleeding scores and probing pocket depths, as well as a
      reversal of the probing attachment loss. The results of this study indicate that
      significant improvement in periodontal pockets should not be expected following
      home care procedures alone, and that instrumentation may account for the bulk of
      improvement seen following a combined therapy of plaque control and
      instrumentation.

PMID- 6572633
TI  - A radiographic study of chronic periodontitis in 15 year old Queensland children.
AB  - A retrospective study was carried out to determine the frequency of early
      periodontal bone loss in 15 year olds as seen in bite-wing radiographs. A total
      of 468 radiographs of 15 year olds was examined, 246 from 1970-74 and 222 from
      1978-80. The alveolar bone crest on the mesial and distal of the first permanent
      molar teeth was examined for radiographic evidence of early chronic
      periodontitis. The condition of the adjacent proximal tooth surfaces was also
      recorded. No significant difference was found between the two groups; 39% of the
      1978-80 and 43% of the 1970-74 group showed radiographic evidence of early
      chronic periodontitis (P less than 0.05). Males and females showed a similar
      frequency of periodontal disease levels. The mesial interproximal space of the
      first molars had significantly higher frequencies of radiographic evidence of
      chronic periodontitis than the distal interproximal spaces in the two groups
      examined. Fewer proximal restorations with overhangs were noted in the 1978-80
      group, however more proximal subgingival calculus was found in this group than
      the 1970-74 group.

PMID- 6572635
TI  - Evaluation of various feedback mechanisms in relation to compliance by adult
      patients with oral home care instructions.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect on oral hygiene and
      gingival health of plaque scoring and the performance of a 'tooth brushing test"
      at each visit during initial periodontal treatment. A total of 63 adult
      periodontal patients (22-67 years of age) was allocated to 4 matched groups:
      Brushing test group (B), open scoring group (O), minimal feedback group (M) and
      control group (C). The oral hygiene instruction for groups B, O and M was
      provided by handing out a self-educational manual on oral home care, while the
      patients of control group (C) received a short brochure describing the Bass
      brushing technique and the use of toothpicks. Feedback on the improvement of oral
      hygiene performance was delivered to groups B and O by scoring of plaque and
      gingival bleeding by probing while this feedback was avoided in the 2 other
      groups (M, C). The patients of group B performed a tooth brushing test at each of
      3 visits. After 3 months the plaque scores of groups B (27%) and O (22%) had
      improved more than those of the 2 other groups (35%). However, the improvement in
      gingival bleeding scores was similar in all 4 groups (from 55% initially to 17%
      at 3 months). At later examinations only minor differences in plaque and gingival
      bleeding scores were recorded between the various groups. The findings show that,
      irrespective of the mode of instruction, a considerable improvement occurs and
      that this improvement is not related to open scoring of plaque or the tooth
      brushing test.

PMID- 6572636
TI  - Comparison of plaque accumulation after topical application and mouth rinsing
      with chlorhexidine gluconate.
AB  - This study measured plaque accumulation on anterior teeth after topical or mouth
      rinse application of 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. Compared with water plaque
      scores were highly significantly reduced. There was no significant difference in
      plaque scores between topical application or mouth rinsing. The importance of
      locally adsorbed chlorhexidine is emphasised and the relevance of an oral
      reservoir effect questioned.

PMID- 6572637
TI  - Blastogenic responsiveness of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from individuals
      with various forms of periodontitis and effects of treatment.

PMID- 6572638
TI  - Effect of toothpaste rinses compared with chlorhexidine on plaque formation
      during a 4-day period.

PMID- 6572639
TI  - Responses to "The Psychiatrist as Mind Sweeper": eating disorders and
      antidepressants.

PMID- 6572640
TI  - Dentistry and the elderly.

PMID- 6572642
TI  - Patient management: the ultimate in interpersonal skill building.

PMID- 6572643
TI  - Assertion training: one approach to interpersonal skill training in dentistry.

PMID- 6572641
TI  - Should you disincorporate in 1983?

PMID- 6572644
TI  - Use of a small interactive discussion program for modifying dental students'
      attitudes.

PMID- 6572645
TI  - Development of a computer-assisted behavioral skill training system.

PMID- 6572646
TI  - Barriers to effective interpersonal communication: causes and effects of health
      alienation.

PMID- 6572647
TI  - Use of video vignettes in empathy training.

PMID- 6572648
TI  - Using videotapes to develop managerial assertiveness.

PMID- 6572649
TI  - Improving clinical teaching by videotaping performance.

PMID- 6572650
TI  - Teaching interpersonal skills in the oral hygiene care of the bedridden geriatric
      patient: a videotape.

PMID- 6572651
TI  - School size and characteristics of dental school faculty, 1982-83.

PMID- 6572652
TI  - Proceedings: National Conference on Applied Behavioral Science. Cleveland, Ohio,
      October 5-6, 1981.

PMID- 6572653
TI  - Implementation of interpersonal skill training in dental schools.

PMID- 6572654
TI  - Use of experimental techniques in interpersonal skill training.

PMID- 6572655
TI  - The need for new knowledge in behavioral science.

PMID- 6572657
TI  - A suggested model for interpersonal skills training in dentistry.

PMID- 6572656
TI  - Behavioral and social science research support from the National Institute of
      Dental Research.

PMID- 6572658
TI  - Interpersonal skills training in a dental setting: a group interaction approach.

PMID- 6572659
TI  - Iatrosedation: the treatment of fear in the dental patient.

PMID- 6572660
TI  - Development of an introductory course in periodontics with a strong behavioral
      orientation.

PMID- 6572661
TI  - Interpersonal skills training for dental students in an interdisciplinary core
      curriculum.

PMID- 6572662
TI  - Diet and dental caries.

PMID- 6572663
TI  - Keyes technique.

PMID- 6572664
TI  - Base metal hazards.

PMID- 6572665
TI  - Simpler method.

PMID- 6572666
TI  - SBE prophylaxis.

PMID- 6572667
TI  - Understanding alcoholism.

PMID- 6572668
TI  - Dental marketing. ADA's program to assist members with practice development.

PMID- 6572669
TI  - Dental services in England, Wales, and the United States: a comparison of
      national survey data.
AB  - As stated at the outset, the review of the two systems was not intended to
      determine which approach to provide dental services is better. Rather it has
      provided an opportunity for both systems to learn from the activities of the
      other. Thus, the continuing decrease in dental caries rates in the United States,
      no doubt associated with the extensive fluoridation programs, provides direction
      for efforts in England and Wales. Similarly, the pronounced changing attitudes to
      extractions and "wedding present dentures" in England and Wales offer our country
      some understanding of the needs to change general population attitudes if we are
      to expand dental services in this country to increasing segments of the nation.

PMID- 6572670
TI  - Transportation problems and dental care of nursing home residents.

PMID- 6572671
TI  - Risk of hepatitis B in dental care providers: a contact study.

PMID- 6572672
TI  - Patient response to participation in a quality review program conducted in
      private dental offices.
AB  - A sample of largely well-educated affluent, and youthful dental patients drawn
      from 11 private dental offices participated in a quality assurance project that
      included clinical review examinations conducted at a special appointment. More
      than 90% of patients were willing to participate at no cost to them, and
      examinations were conducted on 225 patients. Attitudinal measurements were taken
      on all the patients both before and after their involvement. Patients responded
      well to this mechanism. Patients responded well to this mechanism of quality
      assurance and expressed increased trust and confidence in their dentists' care
      after experiencing reviews. Issues concerning the confidentiality of dental
      records were addressed. Of the participants, approximately 75% believed clinical
      examinations by visiting dentist/examiners would increase the quality of American
      dentistry. Generally, patients were willing to have the examinations repeated
      periodically, although few were willing to pay for this review. The potential for
      quality assurance to increase patient confidence in dental care was verified.

PMID- 6572673
TI  - The dentist as a referral source of first episode head and neck cancer patients.
AB  - This analysis was conducted to shed more light on the role of the dentist in the
      detection and referral of patients with head and neck cancer. No other study of
      the referral practices of dentists has examined the characteristics of these
      patients in contrast to those referred by physicians to understand the selection
      of pathways to care. The findings reported here indicate that: "anatomical
      provinces" exist for both types of practitioners that are well recognized by the
      lay community and perhaps reinforced by the health field; advanced stage
      referrals on the parts of physicians may occur because patients delayed seeking
      care until symptoms required medical attention; and dentists as a group may b
      better prepared to detect oral cavity lesions, but not lesions at other head and
      neck sites. The findings of this study, as well as those of Adams and others and
      Pogrel, suggest the need for improved educational programs about head and neck
      cancer directed to the public as well as physicians and dentists. The public
      should be aware not only of the etiology of head and neck cancers and the
      associated signs and symptoms, but also of the availability of the dentist, as
      well as the physician, as a diagnostic resource. Furthermore, educational
      programs should be developed in dental and medical schools to teach and reinforce
      detection and diagnostic skill including soft-tissue examination procedures; the
      use of the indirect mirror for examination of the base of the tongue, larynx, and
      the lower posterior pharyngeal wall; and biopsy techniques.

PMID- 6572674
TI  - Allergic contact stomatitis from a gold alloy--fixed partial denture.
AB  - Allergic contact stomatitis to gold is rare. To our knowledge, seven cases caused
      by dental restorations have been previously reported. Each of the patients was
      female. This report documents an allergic reaction to gold in a fixed prosthesis.
      A female patient, previously sensitized to gold earrings, experienced an itching
      and burning pain sensation and ulceration of the oral tissues adjacent to the
      gold restoration. Patch tests confirmed the allergy to gold. The dentist needs to
      be aware of the symptoms that are characteristic of the allergic manifestations
      of gold. Inquiries about allergies to metals and jewelry should be a part of the
      medical history. Any patient experiencing pain, itching, burning, and ulceration
      of the mucosa adjacent to a cast gold restoration should be suspected of an
      allergic contact stomatitis.

PMID- 6572675
TI  - Impacted supernumerary teeth: a survey of 50 cases.
AB  - Supernumerary teeth are considered one of the most significant dental anomalies
      during the primary and early mixed dentition stages. A total of 50 patients,
      ranging in age from 16 months to 17 years, were studied before, during, and after
      the surgical removal of their supernumerary teeth. Early removal of such teeth is
      recommended if they impede the eruption of adjacent permanent teeth, appear
      inverted or rudimentary, or if they are associated with certain pathological
      conditions. Complications associated with early removal are infrequent and seem
      minor in nature.

PMID- 6572676
TI  - Firm, asymptomatic nodule in the upper lip.

PMID- 6572677
TI  - Hepatitis B and dental personnel: transmission to patients and prevention issues.
AB  - Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is considered an occupational risk for dental
      professionals. The Centers for Disease Control have participated in eight
      investigations regarding dental professionals who were suspected of transmitting
      HBV infection to their patients. This article summarizes the findings of the
      investigations, the postulated mechanism of transmission of HBV, control measures
      suggested, and follow-up of the dental practice for those dentists who were
      chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen. The approach by the centers for
      managing dental professionals who are HBsAg positive and those dental
      professionals who are HBsAg positive and implicated as transmitting HBV infection
      to patients are outlined. If HBV transmission cannot be interrupted, by suggested
      measures, then more restrictive measures should be decided on by state or local
      health officials, or both. These could include removal of the practitioner's
      license. HBV-infected dental personnel can transmit HBV infection to their
      patients. The measures suggested for the HBV carrier are designed to allow the
      dental practitioner to continue practice, but, at the same time, give maximum
      protection to the patient.

PMID- 6572679
TI  - Conserving scarce materials.

PMID- 6572678
TI  - Status report: the periodontal ligament injection. Council on Dental Materials,
      Instruments, and Equipment.

PMID- 6572680
TI  - Mechanisms of suppression of mouse mesangial cell proliferation by macrophage
      supernatants.
AB  - The monocyte/macrophage has been identified as an effector cell infiltrating the
      glomerulus in human and experimental nephritis. To clarify the role of the
      macrophage in this context, an in vitro system was developed in which mouse
      mesangial cell cultures were maintained. Macrophage supernatants were obtained
      from peritoneal macrophages harvested from either resident or endotoxin
      stimulated C57BL/6J male mice cultured for 24 hr. Incubation of mesangial cell
      cultures with macrophage supernatants resulted in depression of mesangial cell
      metabolism as indicated by incorporation of (3H)-thymidine; the effect was more
      marked when supernatants of endotoxin-treated mice were used. The molecular
      mechanisms by which suppression was obtained was clarified by experiments
      fractionating macrophage supernatants by G-100 column chromatography. By this
      means, two fractions were obtained with different molecular and physiologic
      properties. One fraction, a molecular size of 14,600 to 29,000 daltons, was shown
      to mediate the suppressive effect by stimulating endogenous mesangial cell PGE
      synthesis; additionally, a novel molecular species was identified, which was
      biologically active at higher concentrations of macrophage supernatants, had a
      larger molecular size (29,000 to 68,000 daltons), exerted its suppressive effect
      by an independent mechanism, and accounted for the inability of indomethacin
      pretreatment of mesangial cells to abrogate completely the suppressive effect of
      macrophage supernatant at higher concentrations.

PMID- 6572681
TI  - Urinary excretion of modified nucleosides in chronic myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Urinary excretion of modified nucleosides was measured in 15 patients with
      Philadelphia chromosome-positive CML to determine the correlation with activity
      of this disease. Resolution and quantitation of seven nucleosides were
      accomplished with reversed-phase HPLC. Patients in the stable phase of CML had
      excretion levels one to two times normal, whereas patients in the blastic phase
      showed elevations up to 12 times normal. The nucleosides showing the most
      significant differences in excretion between stable phase and blastic phase were
      1-methylinosine, pseudouridine, and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine (p less than 0.01, p
      less than 0.001, and p less than 0.01, respectively). Nucleoside excretion was
      also determined in patients with bacterial pneumonia and urinary tract infection
      for comparison. Serial nucleoside determinations were made in two patients with
      CML and found to correlate closely with disease activity. The degree of elevation
      and the correlation with disease activity suggest the potential value of urinary
      nucleoside quantitation in monitoring patients with CML; in particular,
      nucleoside excretion may be useful in detecting early blastic transformation.

PMID- 6572682
TI  - Low density lipoprotein metabolism in the normal to moderately elevated range of
      plasma cholesterol: comparisons with familial hypercholesterolemia.
AB  - Low density lipoprotein (LDL) metabolism was investigated using a pulse injection
      of 125I-labeled LDL in 20 subjects who did not have familial hypercholesterolemia
      (FH) (plasma cholesterol 160-297 mg/dl) and in 9 subjects who did have
      heterozygous FH (plasma cholesterol 273-501 mg/dl). Subjects were also injected
      with 131I-labeled LDL chemically modified with cyclohexanedione. This technique
      permitted a calculation of the amount of apoLDL removed via receptor-mediated and
      receptor-independent pathways. In subjects without FH, 40% (range 25-49%) of LDL
      was cleared via receptor-mediated pathways and in subjects with FH this figure
      was 22% (range 3-33%). In nonfamilial hypercholesterolemia there was clear
      evidence of defective removal of LDL via receptor-independent pathways in
      association with some overproduction of apoLDL. In heterozygous FH there was
      evidence of defective removal of LDL via receptor-mediated pathways, while some
      subjects also showed evidence of overproduction of apoLDL. It is suggested that
      LDL catabolism via receptor-independent pathways plays a major role in regulating
      plasma cholesterol levels in the normal to moderately elevated range.

PMID- 6572683
TI  - Verrucous hyperplasia or verrucous carcinoma. An analysis of 27 patients.
AB  - 27 patients with verrucous lesions of the oral mucosa were studied with reference
      to the validity of a separation of the entity verrucous hyperplasia from
      verrucous carcinoma, based on an exophytic or an endophytic growth pattern of the
      hyperplastic epithelium. The occurrence of other mucosal lesions in these
      patients was also recorded. It is concluded that verrucous hyperplasia probably
      represents a morphological variant of verrucous carcinoma. In 37% of the
      patients, squamous cell carcinoma was found as a coexisting or separately
      occurring disease and in 26% epithelial dysplasia was also present. It is
      postulated that the existence of a verrucous carcinoma must be considered to be
      an expression of an ubiquitous premalignant change in the whole oral mucous
      membrane. Finally, some notes are made on the entities florid oral papillomatosis
      and chronic hyperplastic candidosis in relation to oral verrucous carcinoma.

PMID- 6572684
TI  - Osteosynthesis of subcondylar fractures in the adult. Central medullary "up and
      down" pinning via a temporal approach.

PMID- 6572685
TI  - The prognostic relevance of various factors at the time of the first admission of
      the patient. Retrospective DOSAK study on carcinoma of the oral cavity.
AB  - In a retrospective study, on a sample of 1021 patients with carcinoma of the
      lips, oral cavity and oropharynx, the clinically available factors at the time of
      the patient's first admission are analysed with reference to their prognostic
      relevance. Prognostically relevant factors are determined by both univariate and
      multivariate analyses. Of the 18 factors analysed, the following seven finally
      proved to be prognostically relevant: tumour size, degree of infiltration, degree
      of histological differentiation and site by organ of the primary tumour, the
      combination of evidence + clinical appearance + degree of fixation of the
      regional lymph nodes, age of the patient, and evidence of distant metastases. On
      the basis of these results it will be possible to create a prognostic index. This
      prognostic index should be eligible for use in clinical practice, as opposed to
      usual classification models.

PMID- 6572686
TI  - Immediate management of severe facial war-injuries.
AB  - The immediate treatment of severely war-wounded maxillo-facial patients is
      presented. The cases are of avulsion injuries of the face suffered by Iraqi
      soldiers where means of reduction, stabilization and immobilization were
      difficult. Kirschner wire was adapted successfully for immobilization in cases of
      anterior mandibular segment loss. The application of the Kirschner wire is
      presented for bridging of bony mandibular defects, preservation of soft tissue
      position; and making use of small and large pieces of denuded bone.

PMID- 6572687
TI  - Temporomandibular ankylosis. A report of 15 cases.

PMID- 6572688
TI  - Effect of internal jugular vein ligation on resorption of cerebrospinal fluid.
AB  - The influence of jugular vein ligation on CSF resorption was examined
      experimentally by means of a manometric ventricular infusion test in dogs.
      Capacity of CSF absorption was decreased in a stepwise manner according to
      whether unilateral or bilateral ligation of jugular veins was performed.
      Interestingly, in addition to rises in ICP, dural sinus pressure was
      predominantly elevated after bilateral jugular ligation, often exceeding the ICP
      level. The CSF malresorption observed was considered to be closely related to the
      lowered pressure gradients between ICP and intracranial sinus pressure.

PMID- 6572689
TI  - Primary tuberculous osteomyelitis of the mandible.

PMID- 6572690
TI  - Co-operation of progesterone and prostaglandins in ovulation induced by human
      chorionic gonadotrophin in immature rats primed with pregnant mare serum
      gonadotrophin.
AB  - Serial injections of a mixture of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and F2 alpha 0, 2, 4, and
      6 h after simultaneous injection of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and
      indomethacin incompletely restored the ovulation that would have been blocked by
      indomethacin in immature rats treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin
      followed by hCG. Serial injections of another mixture of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha 6,
      8, 10 and 12 h after simultaneous injection of hCG and indomethacin similarly
      reversed, in part, the inhibitory effects of indomethacin on hCG-induced
      ovulation. In contrast, serial injections of the mixtures of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha
      0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h after simultaneous injection of hCG and indomethacin
      completely restored the indomethacin-blocked ovulation, suggesting that the
      prostaglandins mediate the action of hCG on ovulation both in the earlier and
      later stages of the preovulatory process. Six hours after simultaneous injection
      of hCG and indomethacin serial injections of a mixture of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha
      reproduced the acute and temporary increase in concentrations of progesterone and
      testosterone in plasma which would have been abolished by indomethacin.
      Progesterone given concurrently with hCG and indomethacin partially antagonized
      the inhibitory action of indomethacin on ovulation. Serial injections of a
      mixture of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha 6, 8, 10 and 12 h after concurrent administration
      of progesterone with hCG and indomethacin completely restored the indomethacin
      blocked ovulation, suggesting that progesterone can substitute the action of
      prostaglandins injected serially in the first half of the preovulatory process.
      It was concluded that the co-operation of progesterone in the earlier stage and
      of prostaglandins in the later stage of the preovulatory interval is required to
      mediate the action of hCG on ovulation.

PMID- 6572691
TI  - Bone repair in the mandible: a histologic and biometric comparison between rigid
      and semirigid fixation.

PMID- 6572692
TI  - Muscle reorientation following superior repositioning of the maxilla.
AB  - In facial reconstructive surgery the importance of the orofacial muscles on form,
      function, and esthetics must be recognized. Once this fact is acknowledged, these
      muscles may be manipulated to advantage by the surgeon; thus, undesirable effects
      in the perioral area following superior repositioning of the maxilla can be
      avoided. A V-Y advancement-closure of the horizontal maxillary vestibular
      incision is advocated. This successfully repositions the lip muscles in a
      predictable manner and maintains normal lip form pout, and amount of exposed
      vermilion. Alar width and unesthetic widening of the alar bases may also be
      controlled by the proper repositioning of the transverse nasalis muscles. The
      validity of these surgical procedures is supported by a statistical analysis of
      the lip and nasal structures in patients whose dentofacial deformities were
      corrected by superior repositioning of the maxilla and concomitant facial muscle
      reorientation.

PMID- 6572693
TI  - Facial injuries in automobile crashes.
AB  - In automobile accidents, the facial area is the most frequently injured body
      region in passenger car occupants. Laboratory studies have indicated that the
      tolerance of facial bones to impact is relatively low. Most of these facial
      injuries are rated as minor. The windshield, steering wheel, and instrument panel
      are the major points of contact. Restraints, lap belts, and lap-shoulder belts
      reduce the frequency of facial injuries at all levels of severity and also reduce
      the more severe and serious injuries to other body regions.

PMID- 6572694
TI  - Temporomandibular joint condylar prosthesis: a ten-year report.

PMID- 6572695
TI  - Respiratory obstruction following vestibuloplasty and lowering of the floor of
      the mouth.

PMID- 6572696
TI  - Simultaneous maxillary advancement and closure of bilateral alveolar clefts and
      oronasal fistulas.

PMID- 6572697
TI  - Airway obstruction with the Rae endotracheal tube.

PMID- 6572699
TI  - Vein graft repair of a chronic parotid duct fistula.

PMID- 6572698
TI  - Squamous cell carcinoma developing in conjunction with a mandibular staple bone
      plate.

PMID- 6572700
TI  - Case 44, Part II: xanthoma of the mandible.

PMID- 6572701
TI  - Increased hemostasis in temporomandibular joint surgery by use of the DeBakey
      bulldog vascular clamp.

PMID- 6572702
TI  - Transpositional flap vestibuloplasty of the maxilla.

PMID- 6572703
TI  - Opinions regarding the treatment of periodontitis.

PMID- 6572704
TI  - Osteoradionecrosis: a new concept of its pathophysiology.
AB  - The classic sequence in the pathogenesis of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws has
      been accepted as radiation, trauma, and infection. This paper challenges this
      sequence and offers a new one more accurately describing the biochemical and
      cellular pathology. The clinical data are based on 26 consecutive cases of
      osteoradionecrosis from which 12 en bloc resection specimens were cultured and
      stained for microorganisms. Review of the histories and treatments, as well as
      the microbial assays, indicates that microorganisms play only a contaminant role
      in osteoradionecrosis and that trauma is only one mechanism of tissue breakdown
      leading to the condition. The sequence suggested by this study is as follows: (1)
      radiation, (2) hypoxic-hypocellular-hypovascular tissue, (3) tissue breakdown,
      and (4) chronic non-healing wound.

PMID- 6572705
TI  - Modified LeFort II procedure for simultaneous correction of maxillary and nasal
      deformities.
AB  - An approach to correction of nasomaxillary dysplasia is described. Where
      midfacial hypoplasia is managed by surgical anteropositioning of the affected
      skeletal parts, this technique permits management of the associated nasal
      dysmorphia as well. The one-stage correction is performed with the midfacial
      skeleton entirely degloved, under direct vision. Details are described, and
      diagnostic and treatment considerations of two patients are given.

PMID- 6572706
TI  - A retrospective analysis of 327 mandibular fractures.
AB  - The cases of 372 mandibular fractures are reviewed with respect to treatment,
      including the indications for extraction of teeth in the line of fracture,
      complications, and duration of maxillomandibular fixation. It was found that, in
      general, teeth can be maintained in the line of fracture, although there appeared
      to be an increased rate of complications associated with fractures when teeth are
      in the line of injury. In addition, a four-week period of maxillomandibular
      fixation appears to be an appropriate guideline for treatment.

PMID- 6572707
TI  - An assay of mononuclear cell dynamics in various subcutaneous cranial sites.
AB  - Although polymorphonuclear leukocyte kinetics at sites of tissue injury have been
      well documented, analogous mononuclear cell data have yet to be reported because
      of the lack of suitable assay techniques. In this study, counts of mononuclear
      cells adherent to nitrocellulose filter discs implanted in four subcutaneous
      sites for nine consecutive days showed a greater degree of cellular accumulation
      in the temporalis than in the frontalis region, the data for the masseter and
      submandibular regions being similar and intermediate. This type of assay may
      prove useful in elucidating the role of mononuclear cells in wound healing and
      the effect of antiinflammatory agents on mononuclear cell kinetics.

PMID- 6572708
TI  - Flap design and the LeFort III osteotomy: blood flow investigation.
AB  - The effect on local blood flow of flap design in a LeFort III osteotomy was
      examined in this study. The radioactive microsphere technique was used to make
      serial flow determinations in two groups of macaque monkeys. The use of seven
      skin and mucosal incisions was compared with a coronal flap procedure.
      Significant blood flow reductions to the midface segment where measured when a
      coronal incision was the sole access in performance of the osteotomies. The
      findings indicate that the multiple incision approach is more biologically sound
      than the coronal incision approach in the LeFort III osteotomy. Important
      information about the surgical techniques can be determined from the data and
      applied to a more successful performance of the LeFort III osteotomy.

PMID- 6572709
TI  - Case 45, part I.

PMID- 6572710
TI  - A recurrent ulcerating lymphohistiocytic lesion of the oral cavity.

PMID- 6572711
TI  - Elimination of the "V" in vestibuloplasty.
AB  - A minor modification of an existing vestibuloplasty technique, which will enhance
      the short-term and long-term results, is described. Prosthetic rehabilitation can
      begin in the third or fourth postoperative week. The loss of vestibular depth in
      the early postoperative period will be eliminated. Oral hygiene is enhanced by
      the more natural contour of the vestibule. The patient will experience
      exceptional retention, and that is a benefit for the surgeon, the prosthodontist,
      and the patient.

PMID- 6572712
TI  - Serum inhibitor of phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte proliferation in Bartter
      syndrome.
AB  - Serum from four patients with Bartter syndrome inhibited the response to
      phytohemagglutinin of autologous and homologous (healthy donor) lymphocytes. The
      abnormal response was normalized in three patients by the administration of
      indomethacin (2 mg/kg/day), a known inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis. The
      serum prostaglandin E2 concentration of these patients before indomethacin
      therapy was significantly increased (P less than 0.02), as compared with that in
      controls. The serum PGE2 concentration measured in two of three patients
      undergoing indomethacin therapy was normal. Because PGE2 is known to inhibit the
      response of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin, we postulate that PGE2 may mediate
      the reduced blastogenic response observed in patients with Bartter syndrome.

PMID- 6572713
TI  - Hydrocephalus and abnormal digits after failed first-trimester prostaglandin
      abortion attempt.

PMID- 6572714
TI  - Thrombosis and hemorrhage during L-asparaginase therapy.

PMID- 6572715
TI  - Effect of liquid protein diet on collagen metabolism of the gingiva of young
      rats.
AB  - The effects of liquid protein diet (LPD) on gingival collagen metabolism were
      evaluated in young rats. Experimental animals received a LPD, while pair-fed and
      ad libitum groups received a 20% casein diet. Prior to sacrifice at days 23, 35
      and 48 post-partum, animals from each group were injected with C14-proline.
      Gingival tissues from the palate were excised and analyzed for collagen content
      and collagen synthesis. Results of body-weight changes at day 48 showed a 20%
      decrease in the LPD group, while pair-fed and ad libitum groups increased 47% and
      267%, respectively. Collagen content per gram of gingiva was not significantly
      different among the three groups. Gingival collagen synthesis, however, did show
      significant differences among the three groups. It was concluded that while LPD
      effects on the overall body condition were profound, LPD exerts minimal effect on
      gingival collagen metabolism in young rats.

PMID- 6572716
TI  - Intraoral melanoacanthoma.
AB  - Two cases of melanoacanthoma occurring on oral mucous membranes are presented.
      Melanoacanthoma is considered to be a benign mixed tumor of keratinoacytes
      admixed with pigment-laden dendritic melanocytes. All intraoral melanoacanthomas
      reported thus far have been pigmented lesions of the buccal mucosa and have
      occurred in young to middle-aged black females. These tumors may grow rapidly and
      therefore they often mimic the radial growth phase of an intraoral melanoma.
      Because melanocanthomas have no distinguishing clinical features, biopsy is
      mandatory.

PMID- 6572717
TI  - A periodontal attachment mechanism without alveolar bone. Case report.
AB  - A 22-year-old black male was referred for periodontal therapy because of
      radiographic evidence of advanced bone loss associated with the posterior teeth.
      Clinical examination revealed gingivitis, normal sulcus depths, and minimal loss
      of clinical attachment. Complete blood counts, serum chemistry, and neutrophil
      function were within normal limits. Histological, histochemical and
      ultrastructural analysis of an extracted tooth revealed no loss of attachment;
      large areas of the cementum were collagen-poor and, ultrastructurally, resembled
      afibrillar cementum. It is proposed that the periodontal attachment mechanism
      present in this case was associated with a localized failure in normal
      periodontal development.

PMID- 6572718
TI  - Ultrastructural study of cultured human gingival fibroblasts exposed to
      endotoxin.
AB  - Our current concept of periodontal disease is that some mediators found in the
      gingival sulcus are able to penetrate the epithelial barrier and produce tissue
      destruction in the periodontium. Endotoxin, one such mediator, recently has been
      the subject of considerable study. The purpose of this investigation was to
      substantiate the role of endotoxin in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease by
      ascertaining its action on cellular and subcellular components. In order to
      accomplish this, cultured human gingival fibroblasts were exposed to media
      containing either 300 micrograms/ml or 500 micrograms/ml of endotoxin and
      untreated medium for a period of 24 hours. Cells were harvested and prepared for
      electron microscopy by conventional methods. Electron microscopic examination
      revealed alterations in mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, lysosomal-like bodies,
      cytofilaments and plasma membrane. Relationship of these alterations to
      pathologic processes is discussed.

PMID- 6572719
TI  - The effect of electrosurgery on alveolar bone.
AB  - The facial marginal alveolar bone of dogs was exposed with a full-thickness flap
      and touched by an activated electrosurgery electrode for periods of 0, 1, 5 and
      10 seconds. Microscopic results were evaluated after periods ranging from 0 hours
      to 28 days. Various electrode exposure times produced similar changes in bone and
      periodontal ligament. The extent of the destruction was greater than that found
      in surgical areas not exposed to electrosurgery; healing and remodeling phases
      were also delayed in the electrosurgical sites.

PMID- 6572720
TI  - Effects of calcium and nifedipine on noradrenaline- and PGF-2 alpha-induced
      activity of the ampullary-isthmic junction of the human oviduct in vitro.
AB  - From 22 women undergoing hysterectomy at various stages of the menstrual cycle,
      strip preparations were dissected from the outer, longitudinal and the inner,
      circular smooth muscle layers of the ampullary-isthmic junction (AIJ). The strips
      were mounted in organ baths, and isometric tension was recorded. Spontaneous
      contractions were recorded mainly in circular muscle strips. Contractions were
      elicited by 127 mM-K+, 10(-6) M-noradrenaline and 10(-6) M-PGF-2 alpha. Potassium
      induced biphasic responses that were slightly different in the two tissues. In
      circular muscle strips, noradrenaline and PGF-2 alpha induced phasic contractions
      superimposed on a rise in tone. In longitudinal muscle specimens, the two
      compounds produced tonic responses. All types of mechanical activity were
      inhibited by removal of extracellular calcium. K+-induced responses and phasic
      contractions produced by noradrenaline and PGF-2 alpha could be abolished by 10(
      6) M-nifedipine whereas the tonic contractions in the circular and longitudinal
      muscle were more resistant to the calcium antagonist. The results suggest that K+
      induced responses in circular and longitudinal muscle of the human AIJ, and the
      phasic contractions in circular muscle, depend on calcium influx via potential
      sensitive membrane channels. Receptor-operated calcium channels seem to be
      involved in the tonic contractions observed mainly in the longitudinal smooth
      muscle.

PMID- 6572721
TI  - In-vitro prostanoid production by the rat vas deferens.
AB  - Prostaglandins (PGs), E-2, F-2 alpha, 6-keto-F-1 alpha and thromboxane B-2 (TXB
      2), produced in vitro by the vas deferens of rats at different stages of sexual
      maturation (10, 35 and 100 days of age), were estimated by radioimmunoassay.
      Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was used to evaluate the
      RIA and to give a more complete profile, after incubation of the vas deferens
      with [14C]arachidonic acid. The amount of PGE-2 released into the medium after
      incubation at 37 degrees C for 5 min increased with age, and was the predominant
      prostanoid in the adult vas deferens. In prepubertal organs, 6-keto-PGF-1 alpha
      predominated. TXB-2 was always a minor product. The addition of exogenous
      arachidonic acid (10 micrograms/ml/20 mg tissue), provoked a higher production of
      the four compounds. PGE-2 and PGF-2 alpha levels were reduced after castration or
      hypophysectomy and were re-instated after treatment with testosterone propionate.
      PGE-2 was much more sensitive to hormonal deprivation than PGF-2 alpha. The
      production of 6-keto-PGF-1 alpha was not significantly affected by the above
      treatments.

PMID- 6572722
TI  - Activity of peroxidase and delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the
      ovary of LH-treated cyclic female rats.
AB  - Rats were treated with LH at 08:00 h on the first day of dioestrus or on Days 1
      and 2 of dioestrus. Peroxidase activity increased within 3 h in females injected
      with LH on Day 1 and was associated with a depletion of ascorbate that lasted
      until the afternoon of Day 1. Values of both substances then returned to basal
      values by the morning of Day 2. A second LH injection on Day 2 produced effects
      similar to those seen after LH on Day 1. Females treated with LH did not display
      greater delta 5-3 beta-HSD activity than did controls on Day 1 after one LH
      injection, but did on Day 2 after two LH injections. Nonetheless, the changes
      were only modest by comparison with those of peroxidase. The peroxidase-ascorbate
      system appears to be involved in the mechanism responsible for the increased
      secretion of ovarian progesterone resulting from LH stimulation.

PMID- 6572724
TI  - Monocyte-mediated bone resorption involves release of nondialyzable substances in
      addition to prostaglandin.
AB  - Human monocytes were stimulated by lectins to release prostaglandin and other
      factor(s) that induce bone resorption in vitro. High concentrations of
      indomethacin failed to inhibit production by stimulated monocytes of most of the
      bone-resorbing activity. This activity was retained in culture supernatants after
      extensive dialysis. These data demonstrate that monocytes are capable of the
      simultaneous production of prostaglandins and nondialyzable bone-resorbing
      factor(s). This (these) factor(s) may mediate localized bone resorption
      associated with certain chronic inflammatory diseases.

PMID- 6572723
TI  - Suppressor alveolar macrophages in experimentally induced uremia.
AB  - The effect of uremic alveolar macrophages (AM phi) on the response of control
      nonadherent (NA) spleen cells to mitogens was examined. Alveolar macrophages
      purified from experimentally induced uremic rats were found to be significantly
      more suppressive than alveolar macrophages purified from control rats. When
      studying the characteristics of uremic AM phi, it was found that neither
      indomethacin nor anti-Ia antibody reverses their suppressive activity. In
      addition, uremic AM phi are shown to suppress via a suppressor factor released to
      the supernatant over an 18-hr incubation. The enhanced suppressive activity of
      uremic AM phi may have relevance to the severely suppressed cell-mediated
      immunity, the increased rate of infections, and the common presence of uremic
      pneumonitis in humans with chronic renal failure.

PMID- 6572725
TI  - Prostaglandin biosynthesis by a human macrophage-like cell line, U937.
AB  - The human macrophage-like cell line, U937, produced significant amounts of
      prostaglandin (PG) E2 when incubated with exogenous arachidonic acid (AA). The
      synthesis of PGE2 was completely inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin (20
      micrograms/ml). Another major metabolite, unidentified, which was released during
      incubation with AA, was not inhibited by indomethacin, but was decreased by
      nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) (10(-5)M) or BW755C (10(-4)M). These results
      confirm the presence of cyclooxygenase and perhaps lipoxygenase activities in
      this macrophage-like cell line. Challenge of U937 cells with zymosan, opsonized
      zymosan, phorbolmyristate acetate (PMA), heat-aggregated human IgG (AHG), or
      calcium ionophore A23187 failed to stimulate synthesis and release of either PGE2
      or the above mentioned metabolite. The inability of U937 cells to release
      endogenous AA from cell lipid for PG synthesis constitutes an important
      functional difference between these cells and normal macrophages.

PMID- 6572727
TI  - Death and dying.

PMID- 6572726
TI  - The cry spectrogram: an aid for analysis.

PMID- 6572729
TI  - Diaphragm pacer for high spinal cord injury.

PMID- 6572728
TI  - Pediatric team approach to violent early bereavement.

PMID- 6572730
TI  - Prevention of impairment.

PMID- 6572731
TI  - Early renal involvement in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and nonHodgkin's lymphoma
      in children.
AB  - Clinical manifestations of kidney disease, particularly renal failure, caused by
      malignant infiltration in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or
      nonHodgkin's lymphoma have been described rarely. We report 1 case of acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia and 3 cases of nonHodgkin's lymphoma in which renal
      disease was the only or one of the presenting manifestations of malignancy. Of
      these patients 2 had rapidly progressive renal failure with nephromegaly, 1
      presented with bilateral abdominal masses caused by severe nephromegaly and with
      microscopic hematuria, and 1 had microscopic hematuria without nephromegaly. In
      all 4 patients kidney biopsy revealed malignant infiltration. In the 2 patients
      who presented with renal failure kidney function promptly returned to normal
      after chemotherapy and irradiation of the kidneys. Prompt and correct diagnosis
      of nephropathy, when it is the only or one of the presenting signs of acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia or nonHodgkin's lymphoma, is necessary to expedite
      initiation of specific antitumor therapy.

PMID- 6572732
TI  - The influence of renal prostaglandins on urinary calcium excretion in idiopathic
      urolithiasis.
AB  - Hypercalciuria is well recognized as an important factor in the cause of
      idiopathic calcium stone disease. Identification of the exact mechanism for the
      renal tubular handling of calcium has proved elusive, hence, treatment methods to
      alter the concentration of urine calcium in hypercalciuric stone formers have
      hitherto been non-specific. It is now well established that renal prostaglandins
      influence intrarenal hemodynamics and tubular electrolyte excretion. As the renal
      handling of sodium and calcium is intimately related, the possibility that the
      mechanism underlying hypercalciuria may be prostaglandin mediated was considered.
      Experiments were performed in conscious Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 10) to determine
      the changes in calcium excretion following prostaglandin synthetase inhibition
      with indomethacin. Calcium excretion was significantly reduced (p less than
      0.01), compared with control animals (n = 10). Further experiments were performed
      in anesthetized monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) to see if the inhibitory effect of
      indomethacin was reversible. Exogenous prostaglandin (PGE2) infusion resulted in
      a marked calciuretic response without producing changes in glomerular filtration
      rate or blood pressure. Forty-three hypercalciuric patients were treated with a
      prostaglandin inhibitor for periods ranging from 2 to 4 weeks, and all showed a
      significant fall in urinary calcium excretion to within the normal range. This
      clinical and experimental study suggests that prostaglandin (PGE2) is a hormone
      which determines the renal handling of calcium by influencing renal tubular
      function.

PMID- 6572733
TI  - Essential function deficiency as the result of tumor promotion and the
      establishment of biological autarchy.

PMID- 6572734
TI  - Cancer and other causes of death among female beauticians.
AB  - A retrospective cohort study was done of the mortality between 1953 and 1977
      among 7,736 Japanese female beauticians who were registered from 1948 to 1960 in
      Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. Mortalities from tuberculosis, heart disease,
      accidents, and all causes were significantly decreased as compared with the
      mortalities of general population in the prefecture. Observed deaths from all
      cancers combined were almost equal to those expected (148 observed vs. 139.26
      expected). Among site-specific cancers studied, only slightly increased mortality
      from stomach cancer was statistically significant (61 observed vs. 45.59
      expected). No measurable excess mortality was observed for the other sites of
      cancer.

PMID- 6572735
TI  - Establishment of a Ph1-positive human cell line (BV173).
AB  - A new cell line (BV173) derived from a patient with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)
      positive acute leukemia was compared with the Ph1-positive K562 and NALM-1 lines,
      which display the phenotypic characteristics of erythroid and pre-B cells,
      respectively. BV173 cells retained the Ph1 chromosome and had the morphologic and
      cytochemical features of undifferentiated blast cells. They lacked the membrane
      characteristics of mature B- or T-lymphocytes and did not react with monoclonal
      antibodies to the myelomonocytic cell lineage. Although they reacted with anti
      glycophorin A antiserum, they failed to produce hemoglobin after butyric acid
      treatment. This line was similar to NALM-1 in that it bore common acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia antigen and la-like antigen, reacted with monoclonal
      antibodies directed against early stages of hematopoietic cell differentiation,
      and presented the nuclear enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. However,
      it differed from NALM-1 because it did not express cytoplasmic IgM, a marker of
      pre-B-cells. The new line can be considered a clonal expansion of leukemia cells
      blocked at an earlier differentiation stage than that for the other Ph1-positive
      cell lines.

PMID- 6572736
TI  - Implications of the multistage theory of carcinogenesis applied to occupational
      arsenic exposure.
AB  - The multistage theory of carcinogenesis and its implications for evaluating the
      effect of exposure to carcinogens in the workplace are described. This theory
      predicts different relationships between excess carcinogenic risk and duration of
      exposure, age at initial exposure, and follow-up time since exposure stopped.
      These relationships are shown to depend on the stage of the carcinogenic process
      affected by the carcinogen, i.e., action at an early stage or a later stage. The
      patterns of excess lung cancer mortality were examined for a cohort of copper
      smelter workers exposed to atmospheric arsenic and other contaminants. Under this
      multistage hypothesis, the results indicate that arsenic appears to exert a
      definite effect on a late stage of the carcinogenic process, although an
      additional effect at the initial stage cannot be conclusively ruled out. Other
      factors, such as exposure to sulfur dioxide in the environment, calendar year at
      start of employment, and the potential bias resulting from incomplete exposure
      histories are also discussed as well as the implications of these results to
      experimental animal studies.

PMID- 6572737
TI  - Uterine tumors in old female mice exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol.
AB  - Pregnant strain CD-1 mice were treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES) or vehicle.
      Their female offspring were raised to old age and autopsied when terminally ill.
      Squamous metaplasia and adenomyosis were more common in uteri of these old mice
      exposed prenatally to DES than in control mice. Tumors of the uterine horns were
      seen in 17 of 143 DES-exposed mice and in 3 of 64 control mice. The controls had
      only leiomyomas, whereas 14 of the DES-exposed mice had adenocarcinomas. There
      were 5 cervical adenocarcinomas and 1 vaginal adenocarcinoma among treated mice
      but none in the control mice. Thus the effects of prenatal exposure to DES
      interacted with the effects of aging to produce a relatively high frequency of
      uterine adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 6572739
TI  - Long-term cyclophosphamide treatments against primary mammary tumors in C3H/He
      mice.
AB  - Tumor-free inbred female C3H/He mice were given weekly injections of
      cyclophosphamide to prevent or delay the expected occurrence of spontaneous
      mammary carcinomas. Chemotherapy was started at an age when the mice would
      already have developed preneoplastic hyperplastic alveolar nodules and tumors
      were likely to appear within a few weeks. Treatments were given for periods
      ranging from 10 to 50 weeks with various schedules and doses. The mice were
      observed for the development of tumors until they died or were killed. Tumors
      were excised as they appeared. Treatments were most effective in reduction of the
      number of primary tumors when started early and given continuously. Longer term,
      low-dose treatments gave better results than short-term, high-dose treatments,
      although the total dose given was the same. The prophylactic effect of the drug
      appeared to be by the destruction of occult, drug-sensitive tumors, rather than
      by delay of their appearance. The toxicity of moderate, continuous drug
      administration was well tolerated with no mortality and only minor transient
      weight loss.

PMID- 6572738
TI  - Blocking of cell-mediated immunity to Moloney murine sarcoma virus-transformed
      cells by lactate dehydrogenase virus-antibody complex.
AB  - The enhancement of Moloney murine sarcoma virus (M-MuSV) tumor growth in BALB/c
      mice previously infected with lactate dehydrogenase virus (LDV) was shown to
      depend on the timing of the inoculations. Mice infected with LDV either 3 or 4
      days prior to the M-MuSV inoculations demonstrated enhanced tumor growth, whereas
      mice infected simultaneously with LDV and M-MuSV or with LDV 30 days prior to M
      MuSV challenge did not demonstrate M-MuSV tumor enhancement. Circulating immune
      complexes (CIC) were isolated from serum pools of LDV-infected mice. IgM
      containing CIC were isolated only between 3 and 9 days post LDV infection. CIC
      containing IgG1 were isolated only between days 6 and 13, whereas IgG2-
      containing CIC were not detected until 18 days post LDV infection. Coincubation
      of isolated immune complexes (IC) with M-MuSV-sensitized cytotoxic lymphocyte
      transformed and M-MuSV-transformed target cells produced a 56% reduction in M
      MuSV-specific cytotoxicity, with LDV-antibody IC isolated from the sera of mice
      11 days post LDV infection. CIC isolated from the sera of mice 5 days and 25 days
      after infection with LDV demonstrated 11 and 9% reductions in M-MuSV
      cytotoxicity, respectively. LDV-antibody IC composed of IgG1 antibody may act as
      blocking factors to M-MuSV-sensitized lymphocytes in vitro and may be responsible
      for the transient M-MuSV tumor enhancement observed in dually infected mice.

PMID- 6572740
TI  - Sister chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations induced by radiosensitizing
      agents in bone marrow cells of treated tumor-bearing mice.
AB  - The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in vivo and chromosome
      aberrations and/or alterations were analyzed from the bone marrow cells of the
      treated dbrB tumor-bearing DBA/1J inbred mouse host. The results were compared
      with analogous data obtained from the bone marrow cells of untreated tumor
      bearing mice for evaluation of the "indirect," i.e., somatic stress, effect on
      the normal host cells following triple-agent therapy intended for a mammary
      adenocarcinoma. Misonidazole (MIS), which is a known radiosensitizing drug,
      microwave hyperthermia (delta), and X-radiation (X) were used as therapeutic
      agents. Significant (P less than 0.05) numbers of SCE were induced in the bone
      marrow cells of the mice whose tumors received these triple-agent treatments (MIS
      + delta + X) simultaneously as compared with values of SCE per cell noted in bone
      marrow cells of untreated tumor-bearing control mice. The highest number of
      chromosome aberrations and alterations, including an increase in heteroploidy,
      was also noticed in the bone marrow cells of the mice whose tumors were treated
      simultaneously with MIS + delta + X. The triple-agent therapy on dbrB tumor also
      resulted in an unusually high polyploid metaphase plate in the bone marrow cell
      consisting of 320 chromosomes, indicating that this mode of therapy may act
      directly on the genetic material of the tumor-bearing host cells, inducing
      cytogenetic abnormalities as a side effect.

PMID- 6572741
TI  - Incidence of chromatoblastomas in aging goldfish (Carassius auratus).
AB  - The incidence of chromatoblastomas in aging goldfish, Carassius auratus, was
      observed for 2 successive years. Tumors first appeared in fish at 5 years of age,
      and the tumor frequency increased with increasing age of the fish. The cumulative
      incidence rate of chromatoblastomas and the mean number of tumors per fish were
      estimated for each age. The mean number of tumors per fish fitted a straight line
      with a slope of approximately 3 on a double logarithmic graph against age. Thus
      tumor incidence seemed proportional to about the third power of age, and tumor
      appearance seemed dependent on some mutational events.

PMID- 6572742
TI  - Methylated DNA adducts in the large intestine of ICR/Ha and C57BL/Ha mice given
      1,2-dimethylhydrazine.
AB  - The site-specific incidence of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced neoplastic
      changes in intestinal segments of ICR/Ha mice correlates with the persistence of
      O6-methylguanine (O6MGua) after a single carcinogen injection. Six hours after
      the injection, the amount of O6MGua in four anatomic (proximal to distal)
      segments was 16.0, 20.8, 37.5, and 52.8 mumol/mol guanine, respectively.
      Correlation between the incidence of neoplasms and the amount of alkylation was
      also observed 14, 40, and 96 hours after DMH treatment. Similar levels of O6MGua
      were found in the corresponding colon segments of C57BL/Ha mice. After repeated
      treatment (5 wk) with unlabeled DMH, the amount of O6MGua still correlated with
      the incidence of neoplasms in ICR/Ha mice. However, in each strain the level of
      O6MGua was significantly lower in pretreated mice than in mice without DMH
      pretreatment. Furthermore, the amount of adducts in DNA isolated from different
      crypt depths showed that within a few hours of the DMH injection the amount of
      adducts was independent of DNA synthetic activity. Although ICR/Ha and C57BL/Ha
      mice have different susceptibility to DMH-induced colon cancer, this interstrain
      difference is not reflected in the amounts or persistence of the miscoding base
      O6MGua.

PMID- 6572743
TI  - Membrane lipids of hepatic tissue. I. Neutral lipids from subcellular fractions
      of liver and hepatoma 7288CTC.
AB  - Enriched subcellular fractions of nuclei, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum
      (ER), plasma membrane, and cytosol were prepared from liver and hepatoma 7288CTC
      taken from male inbred BUF rats. Purity was established by marker enzyme
      activities and distribution of DNA, RNA, sialic acids, total phospholipids, and
      cholesterol. The subcellular fractions of hepatoma differed from those of liver:
      5'-Nucleotidase activity was elevated in ER and mitochondria, cytosol RNA was
      increased, and cholesterol was elevated in all hepatoma subcellular fractions.
      Neutral lipid classes of hepatoma subcellular fractions differed quantitatively
      from those of liver: Hepatoma nuclei and mitochondria contained elevated levels
      of free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides (TG). Generally, the fatty acid
      profiles of FFA, TG, and sterol esters from hepatoma subcellular fractions were
      more uniform and showed less organelle specificity than did liver. Hepatoma FFA
      and TG contained lower percentages of palmitate and higher percentages of
      stearate in all subcellular fractions than did liver. The sterol esters from most
      hepatoma subcellular fractions compared to those from liver were characterized by
      much higher levels of long-chain fatty acids of 20 carbon atoms or longer. The
      oleate-to-vaccenate ratio in FFA of liver subcellular fractions exhibited some
      specificity, but not that of hepatoma subcellular fractions. The oleate-to
      vaccenate ratio in the acyl chains of liver and hepatoma TG did not reveal
      organelle specificity.

PMID- 6572745
TI  - Postsurgical follow-up of colorectal cancer patients monitored by the leukocyte
      migration test.
AB  - Blood samples from more than 1,000 patients with colorectal cancer were tested in
      the leukocyte migration test (LMT) and by a radioimmunoassay for carcinoembryonic
      antigen (CEA) for evaluation of: 1) the correlation of LMT response to the status
      of disease and 2) the use of LMT and CEA determination in the monitoring of
      patients after surgical removal of the primary tumor. A total of 320 patients,
      which were tested repeatedly, constituted the key group of the investigation: Of
      these, 56 patients developed recurrences or metastases whereas 217 patients
      showed no sign of reactivated disease. The group of patients with persistent
      absence of disease showed test profiles of either persistent negativity (50%) or
      conversion of one or both parameters; persistently positive profiles were rarely
      encountered. Patients with recurrences and metastases showed either positive
      profiles or conversion of positivity; only 3 patients were negative in both
      tests. However, despite significant disease-related response of the LMT, the test
      is not recommended as an adjunct to postsurgical monitoring, because of its
      technical complexity.

PMID- 6572744
TI  - Membrane lipids of hepatic tissue. II. Phospholipids from subcellular fractions
      of liver and hepatoma 7288CTC.
AB  - Phospholipids from homogenate, nuclei, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER),
      plasma membrane (PM), and cytosol of liver and hepatoma 7288CTC (from inbred male
      BUF rats) were analyzed for their concentrations, fatty acid compositions of
      individual lipid classes, and levels of octadecenoate positional isomers. The
      phospholipid concentrations of hepatoma mitochondria and ER were less than 60% of
      liver values. Sphingomyelin concentrations were elevated dramatically in hepatoma
      nuclei, mitochondria, and PM. Hepatoma nuclei and mitochondria contained only 25%
      or less the concentrations of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) as those of liver,
      whereas ER, PM, and cytosol fractions of hepatoma contained equal or greater
      concentration of PE than did the corresponding liver fractions. The fatty acid
      profiles of the individual lipid classes were somewhat characteristic of liver
      organelles but not of hepatoma. Lipid classes thought to be located
      preferentially on the outer bilayer of liver PM contained lower percentages of
      polyunsaturated fatty acids than did hepatoma PM. For hepatoma generally the
      lipid classes tended to exhibit a more uniform fatty acid profile among
      organelles, the polyunsaturated fatty acid percentages were decreased, and the
      octadecenoate percentages were increased. Octadecenoates isolated from individual
      lipid classes of organelles contained high levels of cis-vaccenate, in addition
      to oleate, and some class and organelle specificity was observed in liver. In
      contrast, hepatoma octadecenoates exhibited little class or organelle
      specificity, and much higher oleate concentrations were found in PM
      phosphatidylcholine, PM PE, and ER PE in hepatomas than in liver.

PMID- 6572746
TI  - Incidence of childhood tumors in Shanghai, 1973-77.
AB  - Data of the Shangai Tumor Registry were analyzed for incidence of cancer in
      children under 15 years of age, 1973-77. The incidence of all malignant neoplasms
      combined was 104.7 per million boys and 89.2 per million girls. Leukemia, brain
      tumors, and lymphomas comprised 70% of all childhood tumors in Shangai. Compared
      with U.S. whites, Shangai children had higher rates of myeloid leukemia and liver
      cancer and lower rates of lymphoid cancers and tumors of the kidney, eye, soft
      tissue, and testis. Effects of migration on tumor rates among Chinese children
      are largely unknown and merit additional study.

PMID- 6572748
TI  - Arsenic and respiratory cancer in humans: follow-up of copper smelter employees
      in Montana.
AB  - As a follow-up to an earlier study concerned with the role of arsenic in human
      carcinogenesis, the mortality experience during 1938-77 of 8,045 white male
      smelter employees in Montana exposed to arsenic trioxide was compared to that of
      the white male population of the same region. The excess mortality among smelter
      employees was due largely to respiratory cancer and diseases of the heart.
      Respiratory cancer mortality was analyzed with reference to period of first
      employment, length of employment, and degree of exposure to arsenic trioxide and
      sulfur dioxide. The excess in respiratory cancer was seven to eight times that
      expected among men first employed prior to 1925 who were heavily or moderately
      exposed to arsenic trioxide; it was more than four times that expected among men
      heavily exposed and first employed in 1925-47, and it decreased in direct
      proportion to degree of arsenic trioxide exposure. Inhaled arsenic trioxide was
      strongly implicated as the primary agent associated with the excess respiratory
      cancer, with sulfur dioxide perhaps enhancing the effect.

PMID- 6572747
TI  - Cancer in mothers of dizygotic twins.
AB  - For the determination of whether mothers of dizygous (DZ) male-female twins or
      other polyzygous (unlike sexed) multiple births have cancer incidence different
      from that of controls, a cohort study was conducted with the use of the records
      of the Connecticut Twin Registry and the Connecticut Tumor Registry (CTR). A
      total of 3,982 women born between 1885 and 1935 who had borne DZ (male-female)
      twins or who had experienced other polyzygous multiple births in Connecticut
      during 1925-59 and a control group of 3,982 women, matched pairwise on year of
      childbirth, age, number of previous children, race, and national origin, were
      searched in the CTR for the incidence of cancer of all sites. Women who have DZ
      twins have a higher level of gonadotropins than women in the general population.
      A hypothesis that mothers of DZ twins may have a higher incidence of breast
      cancers than other women was investigated; the results did not support the
      hypothesis. There was, however, an excess incidence of cancer of the pancreas
      among mothers of twins. The relative risk was 3.2 (P = 0.026, exact two-tail
      probability) with exact 95% confidence limits (1.12, 11.16). These results are
      consistent with findings from autopsy data which suggested that among women but
      not among men with pancreatic duct cell carcinoma, there is excessive
      gonadotropic activity. These results are also consistent with early findings of
      high follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the urine of diabetics and high FSH in
      the urine of postmenopausal women.

PMID- 6572749
TI  - Relationship of cigarette smoking and radiation exposure to cancer mortality in
      Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
AB  - Cancer mortality among 40,498 Hiroshima and Nagasaki residents was examined in
      relation to cigarette smoking habits and estimated atomic bomb radiation exposure
      level. Relative risk (RR) models that are either multiplicative or additive in
      the two exposures were emphasized. Most analyses were directed toward all
      nonhematologic (ANH) cancer, stomach cancer, lung cancer, or digestive tract
      cancer other than stomach cancer, for which there were, respectively, 1,725, 658,
      281, and 338 deaths in the follow-up period for this study. Persons heavily
      exposed to both cigarette smoke and radiation were found to have significantly
      lower cancer mortality than multiplicative RR models would suggest for ANH
      cancer, stomach cancer, and digestive tract cancer other than stomach cancer.
      Surprisingly, the RR function appeared not only to be submultiplicative for some
      of these cancer site categories but also may be subadditive. The lung cancer RR
      function could not be distinguished from either a multiplicative or an additive
      form. The number of deaths was sufficient to permit some more detailed study of
      ANH cancer mortality: RR functions appeared to be consistent between males and
      females, though a paucity of heavy smoking females limits the precision of this
      comparison. The submultiplicative nature of the RR function mentioned above was
      particularly pronounced among persons who were relatively young (less than or
      equal to 30 yr of age) at the time of radiation exposure. The RR function for
      these younger subjects depends strongly on both radiation and cigarette smoke
      exposure levels. Even light smoking (approximately 5 cigarettes/day) for an
      extended period of time was associated with a large estimated RR. Implications of
      these findings are discussed in relation to human carcinogenesis models. As a
      byproduct, cancer mortality of several sites is significantly related to
      radiation exposure in this population, after accommodation for the possible
      confounding effects of cigarette smoking.

PMID- 6572750
TI  - Characteristics of colon cancer patients reported in population-based tumor
      registries and Comprehensive Cancer Centers.
AB  - The characteristics of colon cancer tumors diagnosed in patients seen at
      hospitals participating in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance,
      Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program and at Comprehensive Cancer Centers
      (CCC's) belonging to the Centralized Cancer Patient Data System (CCPDS) are
      compared. There were identified among cases diagnosed between July 1, 1977 and
      December 31, 1978, the first 18 months of registration for the CCPDS centers. A
      higher proportion of CCPDS colon tumors were diagnosed in black patients, 15.4%
      versus 6.8% for SEER, reflecting the urban location of many CCC's. The CCPDS has
      proportionally fewer patients aged 75 years or older, and a median age of 67.5
      years versus 70 years for the SEER cases. Although surgery alone was the major
      form of therapy for both CCPDS and SEER patients with colon tumors, higher
      percentages of CCPDS patients than SEER patients were treated by chemotherapy
      alone or by modalities other than surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy,
      particularly those with later stages of the disease. Few disagreements existed
      between the 2 groups in distribution by segment of the colon, stage, and
      histologic type. Few differences were found that would render invalid future
      comparative analyses of patient survival between the two data systems once
      adequate follow-up information is available. Such an evaluation may be a valuable
      instrument in measuring whether improvements in cancer patient management being
      developed at CCC's are, in fact, "filtering down" to the general series of colon
      cancer patients.

PMID- 6572751
TI  - Trends in cancer incidence in Cali, Colombia.
AB  - Trends in cancer incidence from 1962 to 177 provided by the cancer registry of
      Cali, Colombia, are presented. A decline in rates of cancer of the oral cavity,
      esophagus, and larynx, has coincided with an increase in the rates of lung cancer
      in women of all ages and in men over 65 years of age. No such rise in lung cancer
      has been detected in young males. Colon cancer incidence has increased, and a
      larger proportion of tumors in later years is concentrated around the sigmoid
      colon. Cervical cancer incidence has declined, but carcinoma in situ of the
      cervix is being more frequently diagnosed probably as a consequence of vaginal
      cytology screening programs. Similarities of these findings with those of Puerto
      Rico and contrasts with trends in the United States and Europe are discussed.

PMID- 6572752
TI  - A new human breast carcinoma cell line (PMC42) with stem cell characteristics. I.
      Morphologic characterization.
AB  - A new human breast carcinoma cell line (PMC42) was established from a pleural
      effusion from a woman with metastatic breast cancer. The cells were significantly
      pleomorphic even after 3.5 years in continuous culture. Eight different cell
      types could be characterized morphologically in monolayer culture. Cells cloned
      in agar and replated in monolayer culture were equally heterogenous. Cells also
      grew in suspension in papillary clusters that structurally resembled glandular
      organoids. Electron microscopy confirmed the differentiated structure of these
      cells in which many of the features of lactating breast tissue were evident. It
      is proposed that this is a culture derived from a malignant breast stem that has
      retained its ability to differentiate in vitro.

PMID- 6572753
TI  - Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results lung cancer data applied to the World
      Health Organization's classifications of lung tumors.
AB  - Less than 1% of the lung cancer cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and
      End Results (SEER) Program changed categories as a result of the World Health
      Organization's revision of histologic classifications of lung tumors. Of the
      28,119 microscopically proved lung cancers reported to SEER in 1977-79, 32% were
      squamous cell carcinoma, 16% were small cell and/or oat cell carcinoma, 27% were
      adenocarcinoma, 8% were large cell carcinoma, and 5% were other specified types.
      A further 12% (approximately 3,500 cases) were reported with such nonspecific
      terms as bronchogenic carcinoma, carcinoma of the lung, and undifferentiated or
      anaplastic carcinoma. The magnitude of the use of these nonspecific terms showed
      the need for greater precision in reporting and recording data.

PMID- 6572754
TI  - Complementation of the tumorigenic phenotype in human cell hybrids.
AB  - Several combinations of human tumor cell lines were fused together. Hybrid
      populations formed from fusions between carcinoma x carcinoma and carcinoma x
      lymphoblastoid remained highly tumorigenic. However, suppression of tumorigenic
      potential was seen in carcinoma x sarcoma and carcinoma x melanoma hybrid
      populations. These results suggest that complementation of the tumorigenic
      phenotype can occur and that at least 2 different complementation groups may be
      involved.

PMID- 6572755
TI  - Diet and gastric cancer: nutrition survey in a high-risk area.
AB  - A nutrition survey was done in four Colombian villages situated in the rural area
      of Narino, previously identified as exhibiting different levels of risk for
      gastric cancer and its precursor lesions. The survey was based on personal visits
      by trained interviewers to a random sample of families in each village. The major
      findings of the survey reflected a higher consumption of fava beans in villages
      with high indices of gastric cancer risk and a higher consumption of fresh fruits
      and vegetables in villages where such indices were lower. Excessive salt intake
      and lower potassium intake in villages with a high risk of gastric cancer were
      suggested, but further work is required to test this preliminary observation. A
      generally low intake of animal proteins and a high intake of cereals in Narino
      did not discriminate between villages at different levels of risk to gastric
      cancer and its precursors.

PMID- 6572756
TI  - Human blood group isoantigen expression on normal and malignant gastric
      epithelium studied with anti-A and anti-B monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - Variation in human blood group isoantigen expression on normal and malignant
      gastric epithelium was demonstrated with monoclonal antibodies to blood groups A
      and B in an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The expected isoantigen
      expression was demonstrated on endoscopic biopsy specimens of normal gastric
      mucosa from 11 patients. Of 17 patients with gastric carcinoma (blood group A,
      15; blood group AB, 2), complete loss of isoantigen expression was noted in 6
      (35%). In these 6 patients, blood group isoantigen remained both in the adjacent
      uninvolved mucosa and at the margin of resection. The loss of isoantigen did not
      appear to be related to the degree of differentiation within the tumor, to the
      secretor status of the patient, or to the blood subgroup. Lymph node metastases
      reflected the isoantigen status of the primary tumor, being positive in 5 of 6
      expression in all 17 patients or in an additional 15 patients studied with blood
      group O. These findings were discussed in the light of previously reported work
      on the localization of blood group isoantigens on malignant and nonmalignant
      gastric epithelium with the use of conventional antisera and a variety of
      immunohistologic techniques.

PMID- 6572757
TI  - Diet in the epidemiology of carcinoma of the prostate gland.
AB  - In vivo, in vitro, prospective, and retrospective epidemiologic inquiries have
      suggested that retinoids inhibit cancer, and fats have been hypothesized to
      enhance and ascorbic acid to reduce cancer risk. Comparison of 260 patients from
      Buffalo with cancer of the prostate gland was made with two different control
      series of similar size and age distribution. Regardless of the control group,
      risk of prostate cancer gained with increases in ingestion of retinoids, animal
      fats, and vitamin C. These anomalous findings may be due to peculiarities in
      methodology. From the possible specificity of effect of the nutrients studied, as
      shown in experimental animals and in vitro, a hypothesis could be made that a
      substance like vitamin A or C, which may inhibit certain cancers, also may
      enhance risk of other cancer types or have neither effect.

PMID- 6572758
TI  - Cancer patient survival: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program,
      1973-79.
AB  - Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the
      National Cancer Institute were used in the evaluation of cancer patient survival
      experience for almost 10% of the U.S. population. This first report contains
      actuarial (life table) survival analysis on 368,263 patients with first primary
      cancer diagnosed in 1973-79 from nine SEER areas: the entire States of
      Connecticut, Iowa, New Mexico, Utah, and Hawaii and the metropolitan areas of
      Atlanta, Detroit, San Francisco, and Seattle. Both observed and relative survival
      rates were shown for whites and blacks, sex, age, primary site, and time period
      (each yr, 1973-78). The largest racial difference in survival was for cancer of
      the corpus uteri: 87% 5-year relative survival rate for white females versus only
      54% for black females. Survival rates varied considerably by primary site. For
      most sites, as age increased the relative and observed survival rates decreased.
      Analysis of relative survival rates by ech year of diagnosis, 1973-78, and for
      each year following diagnosis suggested increasing rates for cancers of the
      colon, lung, and prostate gland, whereas there were no definite increases for
      cancers of the female breast and corpus uteri. A dramatic increase in survival
      from acute lymphocytic leukemia was found for children under 15 years of age,
      with the 4-year relative survival rate increasing from 51% among those diagnosed
      in 1973-75 to 65% for those diagnosed in 1976-78.

PMID- 6572759
TI  - Prognostic factors in feline mammary carcinoma.
AB  - Feline mammary carcinoma and canine mammary cancer were evaluated as models for
      future experimental therapy. Those tumor characteristics known to be of special
      prognostic significance in human mammary cancers were tested for their prognostic
      significance in the cat and were compared with those in the dog. The statistical
      analysis presented is based on a prospective follow-up study of 202 cats treated
      surgically by mastectomy and by block dissection. Thirty-five factors (general,
      anamnestic, clinical and histologic data, and data on therapy) were analyzed for
      relationships with survival, with local recurrence, and with each other. Of the
      17 significant relationships found between survival and the direct factors, only
      7 remained significant after correction. The factors that related to survival
      independently of each other were age, diameter of the primary tumor, presence of
      tumor-positive lymph nodes as judged by microscopic examination, number of
      mitotic figures, necrosis of the primary tumor, and histologic verification of
      completeness of surgical treatment. The value of statistical analysis for use in
      prospective studies of human mammary cancer is discussed.

PMID- 6572760
TI  - Increased erythropoietin sensitivity after in vitro transformation of
      hematopoietic precursors by RNA tumor viruses.
AB  - Two strains of Friend virus differ in their in vivo actions in that one strain
      induces anemia (FVA), while the other induces polycythemia (FVP). This study
      characterizes differences in the in vitro effects of these viruses on
      hematopoietic cells of (BALB/c x DBA/2)F1 mice. Both variants induced erythroid
      bursts that proliferated and differentiated without added erythropoietin (EPO).
      However, while the bursts induced by FVP were well "hemoglobinized" (i.e., most
      cells contained hemoglobin), the cells of FVA-induced bursts contained little or
      no hemoglobin. The nonhemoglobinized bursts, induced by FVA, were established to
      be erythroid by cytochemistry, electron microscopy, and hormone sensitivity. FVA
      induced cells appeared to be hypersensitive to EPO, since small concentrations of
      the hormone produced marked increases in hemoglobin production--even when the
      hormone was added to the culture 3 days post infection. Time-lapse photography
      documented that EPO stimulated hemoglobin synthesis in virally transformed cells
      rather than uninfected erythroid precursors. This observation of FVA-induced
      hypersensitivity prompted the reexamination of the hormone requirements of FVP
      induced bursts--previously considered to be EPO-independent. Reduction of the
      serum in the cultures allowed the demonstration that FVP-induced erythroid cells
      also were hypersensitive to EPO. Thus FVA and FVP can be readily distinguished in
      vitro by the relative EPO sensitivity of virus-induced bursts. From these
      findings, a hypothesis is drawn: i.e., oncogenic transformation may result from
      increased sensitivity of progenitor cells for natural, physiologic regulators,
      and transformation is not necessarily accompanied by a block in differentiation.
      In addition, since hypersensitive virus-induced bursts could be recognized and
      picked from the cultures, these studies provide a method for obtaining highly
      purified erythroid precursors for the study of the regulation of terminal
      differentiation by EPO and other regulatory factors.

PMID- 6572761
TI  - Efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatment of guinea pig hepatoma reflected in host's
      serum lipid composition.
AB  - A correlation was found between the highly polar phospholipid (HPPL) content of
      serum lipids and the growth and metastasis of the line-10 hepatoma in strain 2
      guinea pigs. Animals whose tumors were treated by intralesional injection of
      decarbazine (DTIC) or saline showed progressive tumor growth and metastasis
      resulting in death within 120 days of tumor implantation. The percent HPPl in the
      serum lipids of these animals rose to 40% by 80 days and remained elevated above
      20-25% until death. Animals whose tumors were treated by intralesional injection
      of adriamycin were either cured of their tumors (67%) or showed little or no
      tumor growth. The percent HPPL in the serum lipids of these animals remained
      between 3 and 12% at all times. Adriamycin or DTIC injected into non-tumor
      bearing animals resulted in an HPPL content of serum lipids that was not
      significantly different from that of control, saline-inoculated animals.

PMID- 6572762
TI  - Basic lead acetate: promoting effect on the development of renal tubular cell
      tumors in rats treated with N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine.
AB  - The development of renal tubular cell tumors by the end of experimental week 32
      was studied in inbred Wistar male rats fed a diet containing 1,000 or 500 ppm N
      ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine (EHEN) for 2 weeks and then given 1,00 ppm basic
      lead acetate (LA) for 20 weeks. A low dose of LA enhanced the development of
      renal tubular cell tumors in rats treated with EHEN and increased the number and
      size of the tumors. The incidence of renal tubular cell tumors at the end of week
      32 was 50% in rats treated with 1,000 ppm EHEN for 2 weeks and 100% in rats
      treated with 1,000 ppm EHEN for 2 weeks and then given 1,000 ppm LA for 20 weeks.
      The incidences of renal tumors of more than 3 mm in diameter were 70% in rats
      treated with 1,000 ppm EHEN plus LA and 0% in rats treated with EHEN or LA alone.
      The low dose of LA showed the enhancing effect of the development of renal
      tubular cell tumors in rats treated with a subthreshold dose of 500 ppm EHEN.

PMID- 6572763
TI  - Immunoprophylaxis of an ocular solid malignant tumor in cattle.
AB  - Individual Hereford cows bearing benign precursor lesions of ocular squamous cell
      carcinoma were treated by intralesional injection of mycobacterial cell walls in
      an oil-in-water emulsion in an attempt to interrupt neoplastic progression.
      Thirty-one months after treatment, statistical analysis of data indicated that
      intralesional BCG cell wall vaccine can interrupt this process and provides
      effective immunoprophylactic prevention of malignant disease.

PMID- 6572764
TI  - A ten year community hospital experience with abdominal aorta aneurysms.

PMID- 6572765
TI  - Coronary heart disease and stroke mortality in South Carolina: geographical and
      temporal trends.

PMID- 6572766
TI  - Clonorchiasis/opisthorchiasis in South Carolina.

PMID- 6572767
TI  - Fine needle aspiration cytology.

PMID- 6572768
TI  - The effect of cell damage on the density and steroidogenic capacity of rat testis
      Leydig cells, using an NADH exclusion test for determination of viability.
AB  - The ability of cells to exclude pyridine nucleotides was found to be a more
      sensitive index of cell viability than trypan blue. The three nucleated cell
      bands obtained by centrifugation of crude rat testis cells on Percoll density
      gradients contained different proportions of viable and damaged cells. Band III,
      the steroidogenically active Leydig cell band was mainly viable cells, whilst
      bands I and II contained 70 and 35% damaged cells respectively. Leydig cells
      damaged by freezing were shown to have a lower density than viable Leydig cells
      and did not produce testosterone after stimulation with LH. It is concluded that
      the methods used to prepare and purify rat testis Leydig cells contribute to the
      apparent Leydig cell "heterogeneity".

PMID- 6572769
TI  - Purification of a pregnenolone-binding protein in the soluble fraction of the
      guinea-pig adrenal cortex: differentiation from pregnenolone sulfotransferase.
AB  - A pregnenolone-binding protein has been purified from the 235,000 g soluble
      fraction of the guinea-pig adrenal cortex. The binding protein had an apparent
      molecular weight of 34,000 when analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis. Since the functional status of the pregnenolone-binding
      protein is not known, a search for intrinsic catalytic activity was made. Because
      the binding protein is known to be a soluble protein consideration of a soluble
      enzyme activity was made which led to an investigation of the enzyme 3B-steroid
      sulfotransferase. Pregnenolone sulfotransferase activity, however, which was
      present in the soluble fraction, was found to be distinguishable from the
      pregnenolone-binding protein. Although the physicochemical distinction between
      these two factors was consistently noted with numerous experiments, it is
      speculated that there may exist a specific functional interaction between them.
      It was particularly interesting that both factors were concentrated in the inner
      cortical zone.

PMID- 6572770
TI  - Cloning of "marker" cDNA's: perspectives in clinical and experimental
      endocrinology.

PMID- 6572771
TI  - Skip metastases in osteosarcoma: recent experience.
AB  - Osteosarcoma associated with a skip metastasis (SM) is a rare occurrence. The
      impact of modern chemotherapy on this entity has not been previously reported.
      This paper presents three cases treated by primary amputation and postoperative
      chemotherapy. All patients developed typical pulmonary and subsequent bony
      metastases. The average disease-free interval was 6.7 months. None appeared to
      benefit either from intensive chemotherapy or thoracotomy. The disease
      disseminated extensively in all three patients without radiologic or clinical
      response to the varied chemotherapeutic or additional surgical procedures. We
      conclude that a SM is a grave prognostic sign despite modern adjuvant modalities
      and suggest that a different therapeutic strategy is required.

PMID- 6572772
TI  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in acute myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - Between January 1980 and May 1981, 1966 marrow or blood samples from leukaemia
      patients were tested for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) using
      nuclear immunofluorescence. The cells were also tested with a panel of
      immunological markers including monoclonal antibodies. Of 869 TdT positive cases
      detected, 555 were diagnosed as ALL and 32 as blast crisis of CGL; 226 were
      provisionally diagnosed as 'acute leukaemia' and finally diagnosed as ALL partly
      on the basis of immunological data; 56 TdT+ cases were provisionally diagnosed as
      acute non-lymphocytic or myeloid leukaemia; 266 cases of AML and 177 cases of CGL
      in blast crisis were TdT negative. Eleven of the above 'AML' cases were anti
      cALL+ as well as TdT+ and were re-diagnosed and treated successfully as cALL. The
      remaining 45 were anti-cALL negative and finally diagnosed and treated, at least
      initially, as AML. Eleven of these cases had only 5-10% TdT+ cells which could
      have been normal, non-myeloid cells. Twenty cases had 11-50% TdT+ cells and 14
      cases had 50-100% TdT+ cells. Of these latter two groups, details on 28 patients
      were available for evaluation. Three cases on review had no definitive myeloid
      cytochemistry and were haematologically AUL with a null-ALL phenotype (TdT+ DR+
      cALL-). In 14 cases there was a large overlap (greater than 75%) of the
      proportion of cells with myeloid cytochemistry (Sudan black, peroxidase or
      esterases) and TdT; individual blast cells were therefore expressing these
      markers concurrently. In the remaining cases, mixtures of TdT negative myeloid
      and TdT+ (lymphoid?) cells may have coexisted although this was not proven
      unequivocally. Twenty-two cases of newly diagnosed TdT+ 'AML' received induction
      chemotherapy for AML (DAT regime) and only six (37%) obtained a complete
      remission. It is concluded that TdT positive 'myeloid' leukaemias do occur,
      albeit infrequently (approx. 5%) and may have a relatively poor prognosis.

PMID- 6572773
TI  - Recognition of drug resistance during remission induction therapy for acute non
      lymphocytic leukemia: utility of day 6 bone marrow biopsy.
AB  - While the majority of patients under 70 years of age with acute non-lymphocytic
      leukemia enter remission when treated with a combination of cytosine arabinoside
      and an anthracycline antibiotic, 20-45% of patients do not. The reasons for
      treatment failure in these patients vary from drug resistant disease to death
      from infection or bleeding shortly after remission induction therapy is
      initiated. Clearly, more intensive remission induction therapy should be
      administered only to those patients for whom the therapy being employed is of
      insufficient intensity. Bone marrow biopsies after six days of therapy have been
      performed on 53 patients who received 65 courses of remission induction therapy.
      Eighty-eight per cent of the remissions occurred in patients whose marrow
      cellularity was less than 62.5% on day 6 while 78% of patients who had drug
      resistant disease had day 6 marrow cellularities which exceeded 62.5%. Hence, a
      bone marrow biopsy performed after six days of therapy permits the recognition of
      the majority of patients who will enter complete remission or alternatively who
      need more aggressive therapy.

PMID- 6572774
TI  - Osteosarcoma of extragnathic craniofacial bones.
AB  - Osteosarcomas of extragnathic craniofacial bones--those bones of the skull
      excepting the jaw bones--are rare lesions, constituting fewer than 2% of all
      osteosarcomas. In our series of 21 patients (12 male and 9 female), the ages
      ranged from 6 to 77 years, and 10 patients were in the third or fourth decade of
      life. At least six patients had predisposing conditions: Paget's disease of bone
      in three and prior regional irradiation in three. Most of these tumors were high
      grade lesions, and most were extensive when treated. There were 11 osteoblastic,
      6 fibroblastic, and 1 small cell variant; 2 lesions had features resembling
      malignant fibrous histiocytoma. One tumor, originally interpreted as grade 4
      osteosarcoma, was unavailable for variant classification. Surgical removal,
      irradiation, and chemotherapy were used in treatment, alone or in combination.
      Only two patients survived 5 years, and one of these patients died of her disease
      after 65 months. Almost half of our patients died within 1 year after diagnosis.
      The one long-term survivor (12 years) underwent a radical surgical procedure when
      her tumor was small; this was the only patient in this series who had a low-grade
      lesion. Because of the characteristics described, osteosarcoma of extragnathic
      craniofacial bones must be considered a distinct disease.

PMID- 6572775
TI  - "How i do it"--head and neck and plastic surgery. A targeted problem and its
      solution. Automatic ventilation for suspension laryngoscopy.

PMID- 6572776
TI  - Autoreceptor-mediated inhibition of 3H-5-hydroxytryptamine release from rat brain
      cortex slices by analogues of 5-hydroxytryptamine.
AB  - Rat brain cortex slices preincubated with 3H-5-hydroxytryptamine (3H-5-HT) were
      superfused with physiological salt solution containing paroxetine, an inhibitor
      of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) uptake. The effects of various indolethylamines on
      the electrically evoked tritium overflow (containing 66.3% unmetabolized 3H-5-HT)
      were investigated (the percentage of unmetabolized 3H-5-HT was not altered by the
      indolethylamines or metitepin). 6,7-Dihydroxytryptamine (6,7-DHT) did not affect
      the stimulation-evoked tritium overflow, whereas the latter was inhibited by the
      other tryptamine derivatives investigated; when the compounds were compared to
      each other on the basis of their inhibitory potencies the following rank order
      was obtained: unlabelled 5-HT greater than 5-methoxytryptamine greater than 4-HT
      greater than 6-HT greater than 5,6-DHT greater than tryptamine greater than 7-HT
      greater than 5,7-DHT. The inhibitory effects of these compounds were antagonized
      by metitepin. It is concluded that the indolethylamines inhibit the stimulation
      evoked 3H-5-HT release by activating the presynaptic 5-HT autoreceptors on the 5
      HT neurones of the rat brain cortex. Similarities may exist between these
      receptors and the postsynaptic 5-HT1 binding sites of this brain area.

PMID- 6572777
TI  - Prolonged second remissions in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia: a report
      from the Childrens Cancer Study Group.
AB  - To date, median duration of second and subsequent remissions in childhood acute
      lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) has been short, with most studies reporting median
      remission duration less than 6 months. In May 1979, the Childrens Cancer Study
      Group (CCSG) undertook a pilot study to assess the efficacy of a vincristine,
      methotrexate, and L-asparaginase regimen (modified Capizzi) for maintenance in
      children with ALL in second or subsequent remission. Thirty patients were treated
      with this maintenance regimen. By life table analysis, predicted median duration
      of hematologic remission was 57 weeks. Ten patients (33%) were in continuous
      hematologic remission at 1 year and three (10%) continue in remission greater
      than 2 years from maintenance onset. Major toxicity included leukoencephalopathy
      in four patients, three of whom had experienced at least one central nervous
      system relapse prior to study entry. Allergic reactions to Escherichia coli L
      asparaginase were common. Nine of 30 patients experienced at least one CNS
      relapse during therapy. We conclude that a modified Capizzi regimen is the most
      effective regimen reported to date for maintaining second and subsequent
      remission in childhood ALL. CCSG is currently utilizing this regimen in an
      ongoing open study.

PMID- 6572778
TI  - Growth in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia: a Pediatric Oncology Group
      study.
AB  - We have studied 127 children from 5 participating institutions as to the effect
      of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or the therapy used in the treatment of ALL
      on growth, growth hormone concentrations, and somatomedin activity. The study
      (SWOG No. 7581) was initiated in December 1975 and was closed to new entry in
      September 1979 and to data collection in February 1981. Heights, weights, and
      blood samples for growth hormone and somatomedin activity were obtained at the
      time of initial diagnosis and at intervals during the 55 months of observation.
      The percentage of boys less than 4 years of age below the 50th percentile is
      significantly greater than the expected 50% for both initial and final height (P
      less than 0.01). Girls less than 4 years appeared to have significantly different
      percentile height distribution from the normal for their final height measurement
      (P less than 0.05) but not for their initial height measurement. No other
      significant differences in the percentile height distribution were found. When
      growth rate, since time of diagnosis of ALL, is compared to the expected growth
      of normal children of the same age by linear regression analysis, there is a
      difference in the slope of the lines. Children with ALL are significantly
      shorter. The mean initial growth hormone and somatomedin concentration, 6.2 ng/ml
      and 1.3 micrograms/ml, respectively, vs mean remission growth hormone and
      somatomedin of 2.5 ng/ml and 1.1 micrograms/ml, respectively, were different.
      This was significant at P less than 0.01. The slope of the computed regression
      lines for multiple analysis of growth hormone and somatomedin were negative for
      more than 60% of the patients when compared to the initial concentration. These
      data suggest that a significant number of the children less than 4 years of age
      are short prior to the onset of therapy, and this persists throughout the course
      of their disease. Second, there is a reduction in growth rate during intensive
      therapy or the first year of the disease, with a normal growth rate thereafter.
      Third, growth hormone and somatomedin concentrations appear to be higher at the
      time of onset of the disease and decrease while on therapy.

PMID- 6572779
TI  - Results of treatment of high risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Sixteen children with high risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who had one or
      more of the following risk factors: white cell count over 50 X 10(9)/liter,
      mediastinal mass, age under 2 or over 10 years, extramedullary involvement, or T
      cell markers, were treated by a new protocol. All attained complete remission and
      11 are still in their continuous first remission for 6-53 months. High activity
      of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the leukemic cells seems to be an independent
      risk factor, as in the high ADA level group, 4 out of 7 patients relapsed and
      died, while none of the 8 patients with low ADA levels relapsed or died.

PMID- 6572780
TI  - A new chromosomal abnormality in a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia.
AB  - We report a 15-month-old boy with acute myelomonocytic leukemia [French-American
      British classification M4 (FAB-M4)] whose leukemic cells demonstrated a
      translocation 46,XY, t(9;11)(p24;q12) that has not been described previously.

PMID- 6572781
TI  - Treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia with adriamycin, vincristine, and
      prednisone.
AB  - At the present time, it is possible to achieve up to a 95% complete remission in
      childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, using the combination of vincristine and
      prednisone. Nevertheless, it has not been possible to reproduce these results in
      the adult. For this reason, a third drug, in this case adriamycin in a low dose,
      was added to the vincristine-prednisone combination in the treatment of adult
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Complete remission was achieved in 45 of the
      50 patients (90%). The median duration of remission was 23 months and the median
      survival time in this group was 31 months. The complications were minimal and the
      tolerance was good. From the point of view of our results and others reported in
      the literature, we consider that the combination of vincristine, prednisone, and
      adriamycin is a useful method for induction of remission of adult ALL.

PMID- 6572782
TI  - Therapeutic leukapheresis for hyperleukocytosis in acute myelocytic leukemia.
AB  - Twenty-two patients with newly diagnosed acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) and
      white cell counts (WBC) greater than 100,000/microliters received one, two, or
      three leukaphereses prior to induction chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside
      (Ara-C) and daunorubicin (DNR). Fifteen of 22 (68%) achieved a complete
      remission. Greater than a 30% decrease in initial WBC was found to be an
      important predictor of response. Fifteen of 17 patients (88%) with greater than
      30% reduction of initial WBC achieved remission, while none of 5 patients with
      less than a 30% reduction responded (P = 0.001).

PMID- 6572783
TI  - Intermittent combination chemotherapy with or without bacillus Calmette-Guerin
      for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood.
AB  - Seventy-four children ranging in age from 6 months to 17.5 years with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia newly diagnosed between 1976 and 1979 were entered on a
      study incorporating intermittent chemotherapy with or without the addition of
      bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). The chemotherapy program consisted of induction
      with vincristine, dexamethasone, and intrathecal methotrexate, intensification
      with adriamycin and asparaginase, central nervous system treatment with cranial
      irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate, and continuation treatment with 5-day
      courses of combination chemotherapy administered every three weeks. The first
      phase of continuation therapy incorporated vincristine, adriamycin, 6
      mercaptopurine, and dexamethasone. In the second phase, oral methotrexate was
      substituted for the adriamycin in non-T-cell patients; in T-cell patients,
      cytosine arabinoside or cyclophosphamide and methotrexate in alternating cycles
      were substituted for the adriamycin and asparaginase was added. Total duration of
      therapy was approximately 2.5 years. Connaught BCG was administered by Heaf gun
      on days 8 and 15 of each 3-week cycle for the first 8 months of treatment in
      approximately one-third of the patients. Actuarial disease-free survival with a
      median follow-up of 59 months shows no difference in outcome between the BCG and
      non-BCG poor-risk patients. However, there is an improvement in disease-free
      survival of BCG-treated good- and average-risk girls (P = 0.04). While patients
      were actively receiving BCG there was also a trend toward the development of
      fewer significant infections than when patients were not receiving BCG (P =
      0.85). Toxicities from BCG administration included satellite rashes, local
      tenderness, lymphadenopathy, secondary infection, and residual scars. Overall
      disease-free survival by actuarial analysis is 60% at 6 years; for patients with
      unfavorable prognostic features it is 40%. In this trial the addition of BCG
      prolonged the disease-free survival of girls with good- and average-risk
      prognostic features and also may have decreased the susceptibility to infection
      while it was being administered. However, the benefit does not appear sufficient
      to warrant its routine use, especially in view of the toxicities encountered.

PMID- 6572784
TI  - Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of globin gene accumulation
      in murine erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - The mechanism responsible for the accumulation of newly synthesized alpha- and
      beta-globin mRNA in the cytoplasm of induced murine erythroleukemia cells was
      examined by nuclear mRNA nascent chain elongation (run-off transcription).
      Hexamethylenebisacetimide, a potent inducer of murine erythroleukemia cell
      differention, induced high levels of both alpha- and beta-globin gene
      transcription within 48 to 72 h in culture. Butyric acid, a modest inducer of
      murine erythroleukemia cells, induced a somewhat lower level of globin gene
      transcription. With both inducers, alpha-globin transcriptional rates exceeded
      those of beta-globin. Hemin, on the other hand, showed no detectable increase
      over the basal rate observed in uninduced cells, even at a time (48 h) when newly
      synthesized globin mRNA was accumulating in the cytoplasm. These results suggest
      that there are at least two mechanisms responsible for regulating alpha- and beta
      globin structural gene expression in induced murine erythroleukemia cells and
      that the mechanisms involved are inducer dependent. Hexamethylenebisacetimide and
      butyric acid increase the rate at which globin genes are transcribed, but hemin
      appears to allow constitutive levels of transcripts to accumulate.

PMID- 6572786
TI  - Variable bioavailability of oral mercaptopurine. Is maintenance chemotherapy in
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia being optimally delivered?

PMID- 6572787
TI  - US recombinant DNA. Green light for plant field-trials.

PMID- 6572788
TI  - An interdisciplinary approach for consultation on multiproblem patients.

PMID- 6572789
TI  - Successful pediatric primary care in a public health setting.

PMID- 6572785
TI  - Effect of estrogen/progestin potency on lipid/lipoprotein cholesterol.
AB  - We studied 374 women taking oral contraceptives, 284 women taking estrogen
      preparations after menopause, and 1086 women taking no hormones, to determine the
      relation of plasma lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations to various
      types of estrogen/progestin formulations. Premenopausal women, using oral
      contraceptives containing a relatively low dose of estrogen combined with a
      medium or high dose of progestin (Norlestrin, Ovral, or Demulen) had a 24 per
      cent higher median concentration of low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol than did
      those not using hormones (P less than 0.05). Women using oral contraceptives that
      are high in estrogen and low in progestin (Enovid or Oracon) had significantly
      higher concentrations of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol than did nonusers;
      those using Ovral, a low-estrogen and high-progestin formulation, had
      significantly lower levels of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. In
      postmenopausal women the use of estrogen was associated with concentrations of
      low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol that were 11 to 19 per cent below the levels
      in postmenopausal women who did not use hormones. The effects of estrogen
      progestin balance on low-density and high-density lipoproteins may underlie the
      increased incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction in women of childbearing
      age who take oral contraceptives.

PMID- 6572790
TI  - Sterilization and the mentally handicapped person.

PMID- 6572791
TI  - Toxic encounters of the dangerous kind. "Yes, Virginia, there is no tooth fairy"-
      clonidine poisoning.

PMID- 6572792
TI  - [Social factors leading to total tooth loss. A description of the case procedure
      in a public dentistry study].

PMID- 6572793
TI  - [New directives for endocarditis prophylaxis].

PMID- 6572794
TI  - [Vertical ramus osteotomy].

PMID- 6572795
TI  - [The influence of the occlusion on jaw positions].

PMID- 6572796
TI  - [The development of a new dental curriculum at the Free University].

PMID- 6572797
TI  - [Oral photography for general practice].

PMID- 6572798
TI  - The flush syndrome: an expression of systemic mastocytosis with increased
      prostaglandin D2 production.

PMID- 6572799
TI  - Reversible coma due to hypokalaemia in a patient treated for acute leukaemia.

PMID- 6572800
TI  - Pressor responses to central angiotensin II, prostaglandin E1 and prostaglandin
      E2. Effects of ovarian steroids.
AB  - The effects of ovarian steroids on baseline blood pressure and on changes of mean
      arterial pressure in response to centrally administered angiotensin II,
      prostaglandin E1, and prostaglandin E2 were examined. Ovariectomized rats treated
      with estradiol or progesterone showed no change of resting blood pressures
      relative to oil-treated, ovariectomized controls. Intracerebroventricular
      injections of prostaglandin E1, prostaglandin E2 or angiotensin II produced
      significant elevations of arterial pressure of oil-treated rats. Either estradiol
      or progesterone treatment significantly attenuated pressor responses to
      prostaglandin E1 but not to prostaglandin E2 or angiotensin II injections. The
      duration of the blood pressure increase of estradiol-treated rats in response to
      angiotensin II was reduced when the animals did not have access to drinking water
      during the pressure monitoring session but not when water was available. These
      results suggest that the effects of ovarian steroids in modulating pressor
      responses are dependent on the particular factors which initiate the pressure
      increases. Possible mechanisms underlying this ovarian-steroid action are
      discussed.

PMID- 6572801
TI  - Quadriplegia secondary to hematoma after lateral C-1, C-2 puncture in a leukemic
      child.
AB  - Epidural, subdural, and intramedullary hemorrhage developed after lateral
      cervical (C-1, C-2) puncture in a thrombocytopenic patient with meningeal
      leukemia and increased intracranial pressure. Aggressive platelet support before
      the procedure did not prevent the hemorrhagic complication. Complete recovery
      from total motor paralysis with respiratory arrest followed immediate surgical
      decompression and continuing platelet support. The potential dangers of otherwise
      minor procedures in compromised patients are reiterated. Neurological recovery as
      seen here argues for immediate surgical intervention with the development of such
      potentially life-threatening events.

PMID- 6572802
TI  - Age-based nursing units for children in hospital: viewpoint.

PMID- 6572803
TI  - The effect of the accident compensation scheme on claims for damages against
      doctors and nurses.

PMID- 6572804
TI  - Toxic shock syndrome in male.

PMID- 6572805
TI  - Compliance with mammography referrals. Implications for breast cancer screening.

PMID- 6572806
TI  - The quality of life in patients with cancer. A survey at one treatment center.

PMID- 6572807
TI  - Transduodenal endoscopic decompression of obstructed bile ducts.

PMID- 6572808
TI  - Unilateral asterixis. Clinical significance of the sign.

PMID- 6572809
TI  - Medical problems at a summer camp.

PMID- 6572810
TI  - Summer research training program in biomedical sciences.

PMID- 6572811
TI  - West Indian patients. Care in United States a challenge.

PMID- 6572812
TI  - Electrocardiograms of the month: atrial fibrillation and myocardial infarction.

PMID- 6572813
TI  - Mass in left hemithorax.

PMID- 6572814
TI  - Oropharyngeal tularemia.

PMID- 6572815
TI  - The return of the perilous prune pit.

PMID- 6572816
TI  - Mucoid impaction of bronchus proximal to bronchogenic carcinoma.

PMID- 6572817
TI  - Fibromuscular dysplasia of internal carotid arteries. With Doppler ultrasonic
      studies.

PMID- 6572818
TI  - Moyamoya disease.

PMID- 6572819
TI  - Primary lymphoblastic lymphoma of the ileocecal valve. Manifesting as an
      ileocecal intussusception.

PMID- 6572820
TI  - Fibrosing mediastinitis. Causing pulmonary artery and vein obstruction with
      hemoptysis.

PMID- 6572821
TI  - Hemolytic disease of newborn due to anti-Duffy (Fya).

PMID- 6572822
TI  - Mortality attributable to smoking in New Zealand.
AB  - Relative risks for mortality due to various smoking related diseases were derived
      from a review of the literature on the epidemiology of smoking related illness.
      These were used, together with the New Zealand 1976 census data on smoking habits
      and the National Health Statistics mortality data, to derive the proportion of
      deaths which can be attributed to cigarette smoking. The results indicate that
      about 15 percent of deaths in New Zealand (3693 deaths annually) are attributable
      to smoking. This is comprised of 19 percent of all male deaths and 8 percent of
      all female deaths in 1976.

PMID- 6572823
TI  - Mortality associated with alcoholism in New Zealand.
AB  - Rates of mortality were determined in patients attending an alcoholic assessment
      centre. The study group comprised 1068 patients, studied for a mean of 1.5 years
      after referral. A total of 50 deaths occurred, being four times the expected
      death rate in the general population. Significantly increased mortality rates
      were found for deaths from cirrhosis, other digestive disease, cardiovascular
      disease, neoplasms, trauma and alcoholism. In 15 patients death was due to
      definite alcohol-related causes.

PMID- 6572824
TI  - Cirrhosis of the liver following therapy with perhexiline maleate.
AB  - Two patients developed cirrhosis of the liver following therapy with perhexiline
      maleate. Liver failure and polyneuropathy caused death in one patient who had
      received 300 mg daily for three years. Cirrhosis was an unexpected finding in the
      other patient whose perhexiline dose was 200 mg daily for five years. Perhexiline
      should be prescribed cautiously and discontinued if liver function tests become
      abnormal. Monitoring of blood levels may lead to a reduction of toxicity.

PMID- 6572825
TI  - Caesarean birth.

PMID- 6572826
TI  - Compliance failure and counselling in paediatric drug therapy.
AB  - Compliance-failure with expected drug therapy was recognised at interview in 56
      percent of non-counselled and 24 percent of counselled paediatric patients
      returning to medical out-patient clinic at Princess Mary Hospital. Default from
      prescribed treatment was more common in Polynesians than caucasians and more
      often due to patient error than non-compliance. Drug counselling was more
      effective in minimising compliance-failure due to patient error than non
      compliance. Failure to take drugs as intended was due to doctor generated causes
      in 8 percent of patients.

PMID- 6572827
TI  - Peer review: central specialist committee statement.

PMID- 6572828
TI  - Peer review: central education committee statement.

PMID- 6572829
TI  - Multidisciplinary team.

PMID- 6572830
TI  - Health economics.

PMID- 6572831
TI  - Antenatal education.

PMID- 6572832
TI  - Hepatitis B vaccine.

PMID- 6572833
TI  - Staphylococcal septicaemia and silicon coated urinary catheters.

PMID- 6572834
TI  - Computer assessment of alternative rubella vaccination strategies in New Zealand.
AB  - Results from a dynamic computer model of rubella vaccination programmes indicate
      that consideration should be given to vaccinating all one-year-old girls and boys
      and revaccinating all girls at about 11 years of age, as well as continuing with
      the programme for susceptible women in the childbearing age group. With vaccine
      induced immunity decaying at about 1% annually, the vaccination of 80 to 95% of
      all one-year-olds, 95% of 11 year old girls, and 5% of women aged 15 to 33
      annually is expected to reduce congenital rubella syndrome deformities to less
      than 5% of the 1980 incidence by 1994, and to negligible levels thereafter. In
      comparison, continuation of the present scheme may reduce deformities to only 69%
      of 1980 levels by 1994 with a slow decline to 25% in 2010. (The 1980 levels used
      were computer generated to eliminate short-term fluctuations, and do not apply to
      actual figures from that year.) For convenience and better compliance, measles
      vaccine and the initial rubella vaccine may be given in combined form at 15
      months without altering the effect of either. The rate of decay of immunity after
      vaccination is critically important in congenital rubella syndrome prediction, so
      that further accurate monitoring of immune status and congenital rubella
      incidence is essential.

PMID- 6572835
TI  - Hepatitis B carriage in children.
AB  - Prevalance of hepatitis B surface antigen carriage amongst children in the Bay of
      Plenty was high, with rates in Maoris five times that found in Europeans. (12.0%
      versus 2.6%). Carrier rates were highest in children aged 6-10 years. This age
      group also had the peak incidence of acute hepatitis B. Infectivity was greatest
      amongst younger children and diminished with age. Transmission between children
      within family units may be a major route of spread of hepatitis B.

PMID- 6572836
TI  - Is neonatal intensive care effective?

PMID- 6572837
TI  - Who is the author?

PMID- 6572838
TI  - Obstetric ultrasound: uses and limitations.

PMID- 6572839
TI  - A counselling skills workshop for family medicine trainees.
AB  - Experience with a workshop designed to teach practical consulting, communication
      and counselling skills to family medicine vocational trainees is described.
      Responses to self-report questionnaires immediately (71 percent response rate),
      and one to two years after the workshop (62 percent rate), are reported. A high
      percentage of respondents agreed that the workshop had been effective in
      imparting basic counselling and communication skills, and had influenced them to
      change their consulting style. These changes commonly persisted at one to two
      year follow up.

PMID- 6572840
TI  - A preliminary evaluation of the use of an automatic impedance tympanometer in the
      diagnosis of otitis media with effusion in children: a report from the Dunedin
      Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit.
AB  - Microscopic examination by two trained examiners, conventional impedance
      tympanometry by a trained audiometrist, automatic impedance tympanometry by a
      person with minimal training and puretone audiometry by trained audiometrists
      were compared in 468 ears, studied blind. There was complete examiner agreement
      in microscopic examination in 465 (99.3%) ears, minor disagreement in three
      (0.7%) ears. There was a more complex relationship between examination methods,
      with microscopic evidence of effusion being present in 88.2% of ears showing B
      tympanograms to conventional tympanometry and in 66.7% of ears to automatic
      tympanometry. Automatic tympanometry provides a reasonably accurate method of
      detecting middle ear effusion, but tends to overdiagnose this condition compared
      to alternate methods.

PMID- 6572841
TI  - A country fit for heroes.

PMID- 6572842
TI  - Children in bed.

PMID- 6572843
TI  - Rubella immunity.

PMID- 6572844
TI  - Therapeutic trials.

PMID- 6572845
TI  - A betablocker nightmare.

PMID- 6572846
TI  - Toxic shock syndrome.

PMID- 6572847
TI  - Dangers of rapid tranquillisation.

PMID- 6572848
TI  - Putting a spouse on the payroll can save taxes.

PMID- 6572849
TI  - Presenting the obvious: dentists treat patients not teeth.

PMID- 6572850
TI  - Composites in dentistry.

PMID- 6572851
TI  - ADA, ADHA provide insight into concerns of dental hygienists.

PMID- 6572852
TI  - A prescription for better investing.

PMID- 6572853
TI  - Practice Act update.

PMID- 6572854
TI  - The effect of second dentition on children's dental anxiety and impulsivity
      reflectivity.

PMID- 6572855
TI  - Child abuse: who is involved?

PMID- 6572856
TI  - Oral health and treatment needs of school children in New York State.

PMID- 6572857
TI  - The dental educational commission--New York City's partner in education.

PMID- 6572858
TI  - The state boards for dentistry--now and in the future.

PMID- 6572859
TI  - The state boards for dentistry--considerations for the future.

PMID- 6572860
TI  - Chemotherapy-associated oral infections in adults with solid tumors.
AB  - The frequency of chemotherapy-associated oral infections in adult inpatients with
      solid tumors was determined in 825 subjects with carcinoma, 60 with sarcoma, and
      115 with lymphoma. The total number of documented oral infections in the 1,000
      patients was 97 (9.7 percent), with frequency rates of 8.4 percent, 11.7 percent,
      and 18.3 percent for the patients with carcinoma, sarcoma, and lymphoma,
      respectively. All but six of the infections were caused by a single organism.
      Microbiologically, 68.9 percent of the infections were ascribable to fungi, 10.7
      percent to gram-negative bacilli, 10.7 percent to herpes simplex, and 9.7 percent
      to gram-positive cocci. The patients with solid tumors were less than one third
      as prone to oral infections as adults with acute leukemia treated in the same
      hospital. Among the solid tumor group, those with lymphoma were almost twice as
      likely to develop infections of the mouth during chemotherapy as those with
      carcinoma or sarcoma. The oral infection experience in the previously reported
      patients with acute leukemia and in the present series of patients with solid
      tumors strongly suggests that the more aggressive the malignancy and the more
      potent the chemotherapy, the greater the tendency to stomatologic infections.

PMID- 6572861
TI  - Temporomandibular joint arthrography: negative pressure, nontomographic
      techniques.
AB  - The injection of contrast material through a catheter under direct fluoroscopic
      vision seems to be more informative than blind injection technique. Injection of
      a controlled amount of Renografin can diminish the likelihood of overfill and
      allow more complete opening of the mouth. If overfilling is suspected, after
      waiting approximately 15 minutes for absorption, the patient will then be able to
      move his condyle more freely. The use of a 100 mm. camera will provide good films
      and eliminate the need for tomograms. A catheter is preferred over a steel
      needle, and its position is more accurately assessed by using the negative
      pressure technique. Catheterization of the superior joint space is not done if
      the lower compartment injection shows obvious anterior subluxation of the
      meniscus. In certain borderline cases, the upper compartment filling may yield
      more positive diagnotic information. It is within the scope of this article to
      present a technique, not to indicate the usefulness or necessity of TMJ
      arthrography or tomography. The role of arthrography in the diagnosis and
      subsequent decision as to whether surgical or nonsurgical modalities should be
      performed will become evident only when the state of the art is defined.

PMID- 6572862
TI  - Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome associated with renal cysts and
      hypertension.
AB  - A case of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome with a coincidental finding is
      presented. In addition to the odontogenic cysts, hypertelorism, scapula
      deformity, rib fusion, dural calcification, and short fourth metacarpal bones of
      the syndrome, the patient had cystic disease of both kidneys with a large cyst of
      the right kidney. This case also illustrates that the presence of painful jaw
      lesions may lead the patient with this syndrome to seek treatment initially.

PMID- 6572863
TI  - Deep neck infection complicated by diabetes mellitus. Report of a case.
AB  - A poorly controlled diabetic patient who developed a life-threatening deep neck
      infection from a periodontal abscess is presented. Despite treatment reflecting
      the current surgical and medical approach to management of this infection, he
      failed to show the consistent improvement that would be expected in a nondiabetic
      patient. The physiologic differences in the defense systems of the diabetic
      versus the nondiabetic host are discussed, and general guidelines for
      identification of the diabetic patient are offered.

PMID- 6572864
TI  - Salivary gland dysfunction following radioactive iodine therapy.
AB  - Radioactive iodine is used extensively for the treatment of thyrotoxicosis and
      thyroid carcinoma. Iodine is actively taken up by the salivary glands and,
      following its use, salivary dysfunction may result as a consequence of radiation
      damage. The literature is reviewed and a case is reported in which a patient
      presented with a significant increase in caries rate attributed to salivary
      dysfunction following radioactive iodine therapy for a thyroid carcinoma.

PMID- 6572865
TI  - The elderly patient.
AB  - Elderly patients' age affects various bio-psycho-social parameters of their
      diseases. A patient's old age itself often evokes a multiform recoil in dentists,
      directly opposite to the required therapeutic attitude. The essential principle
      in gerodontics is dentist-patient cooperation, attainable only if the latter is
      approached in a holistic and respectful manner.

PMID- 6572866
TI  - The oral blue nevus: histogenetic implications of its ultrastructural features.
AB  - Three cases of oral blue nevus are presented. A comparison of the ultrastructural
      features of blue nevus cells with those of schwannoma cells indicates that, among
      other similarities, both exhibit a surrounding external lamina (basement
      membrane). The significant difference is that blue nevus cells are capable of
      synthesizing melanin as evidenced by the presence of the entire melanosome
      maturation sequence within their cytoplasm, a feature not seen in the cells of
      schwannomas. This fundamental difference suggests that blue nevus cells are more
      closely related to melanocytes, although they possess some of the characteristics
      of Schwann cells.

PMID- 6572867
TI  - Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia of the hard palate: a benign lymphoproliferative
      process.
AB  - Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia of the hard palate is a reactive lymphoid
      proliferation which closely simulates the palatal lymphomas, both clinically and
      histologically. It is therefore imperative that the pathologist be familiar with
      the features that separate these two conditions. In equivocal cases like the
      present one, immunologic analysis would seem to be indicated to determine whether
      the lesion is monoclonal (neoplastic) or polyclonal (reactive).

PMID- 6572868
TI  - Gingival salivary gland choristoma: an extremely rare phenomenon.
AB  - An unusual case of a gingival salivary gland choristoma in a 9-year-old girl is
      presented. Clinically, the lesion appeared as a tumorlike mass of the maxillary
      incisor region. Histologic examination of the lesion revealed the presence of
      pure mucous glandular elements within the connective tissue. The possible
      mechanisms of its development in this unusual location and the nature of this
      lesion are discussed.

PMID- 6572869
TI  - Bilateral blind epithelized tracts associated with the inferior labial frenum.
AB  - Examination of a 45-year-old man disclosed, bilateral, blind, epithelium-lined
      tracts on the alveolar mucosa in proximity to the inferior labial frenum. These
      structures were excised surgically and examined histologically. This article
      represents the first report of blind mucosal pits in this location. The mechanism
      responsible for development of these structures is not clear, but they most
      likely result from entrapment or persistence of epithelium during embryogenesis.

PMID- 6572870
TI  - Influence of bony resorption on endodontic treatment.
AB  - A review of prognosis studies has examined success rates between samples of
      teeth, both with and without radiolucent lesions, treated conventionally. The
      presence of a lesion predisposes the endodontic case to a lower success rate. On
      the basis of experimental data on the use of calcium hydroxide, investigation of
      increasing success with placement of calcium hydroxide in the canals of teeth
      with periapical lesions for 3 to 10 months prior to conventional filling is
      proposed.

PMID- 6572871
TI  - The effect of autoclave sterilization on endodontic files.
AB  - This study evaluates the effect of cyclic autoclave sterilization and simulated
      clinical usage on a mechanical property of one brand of stainless steel
      endodontic files. The angular deflection moments were measured by a torque
      apparatus approved by the American Dental Association for such purposes.
      Comparisons of values for sterilized and nonsterilized files were made. 1. A
      significant decrease in angular deflection values exists for stainless steel
      endodontic files having undergone ten cycles of autoclave sterilization versus
      files having undergone only two or five similar cyclings. 2. All file sizes (15,
      20, 25, 30, 35, 40) tested in torsion were detrimentally affected by the
      autoclave sterilization. 3. Of the files investigated, sizes 35 and 40 were the
      most adversely affected by the steam-under-pressure sterilization. 4. The angular
      deflection values of those files subjected to repeated autoclavings were not
      decreased below the minimum value accepted by the American Dental Association for
      resistance to torquing forces. It can therefore be concluded that repeated
      sterilization of a stainless steel endodontic file does result in a significant
      reduction in the torque resistance of that file. This reduction of the metal
      property is not significant clinically, however.

PMID- 6572872
TI  - The calcified facial artery. A report of the panoramic radiographic incidence and
      appearance.

PMID- 6572873
TI  - Radiographic appearance of root fracture caused by a bend on the radiograph.

PMID- 6572874
TI  - "Ghost images" in the panoramic radiograph.

PMID- 6572875
TI  - Periodontal ligament injection: distribution of injected solutions.
AB  - In a simulation of the clinical technique, a radiopaque solution and a colloidal
      carbon suspension were injected into the periodontal ligament in dogs by means of
      a standard syringe. The colloidal carbon method was superior and demonstrated
      that the injected material was found in soft tissue and adjacent hard structures
      and in the vessels of the pulps of the immediate and adjacent teeth. The
      distribution of the dye did not relate to the injection volume and needle
      location but was consistently more widespread when injections were given under
      moderate to strong pressure. The technique appears to be a form of intraosseous
      injection.

PMID- 6572876
TI  - Tonsillar calculi. Report of a case and review of the literature.
AB  - A large tonsillar calculus in a 77-year-old demented woman with a history of
      chronic oral infections and multiple episodes of pneumonia is reported. Earlier
      literature describes these calcium-laden tonsilloliths as occurring in
      adolescence following chronic tonsillitis. Improvement in health care of the
      young and antibiosis militate against tonsilloliths as a serious problem in the
      young patient. Conversely, an ever-increasing aged population, with impaired self
      care abilities or diminished cerebral function, many of whom populate nursing
      care facilities, and increased routine oropharyngeal screening of the aged may
      add significantly to the number of reported cases. In view of the potential for
      continuous oropharyngeal disease and the possibilities of swallowing
      disturbances, pneumonia, or food or liquid aspiration, which may result in lethal
      complications the authors urge the clinician to assess masses or calcified
      objects viewed on physical examination or radiographs, explore their etiology,
      evaluate them for removal, and not dismiss them as clinically insignificant.

PMID- 6572877
TI  - Effect of indomethacin on postsurgical edema in rats.
AB  - The effectiveness of intramuscular indomethacin was compared with that of
      hydrocortisone succinate for the control of edema resulting from experimentally
      induced surgical trauma in rats. Both drugs produced a significant reduction in
      tissue water, but no difference could be detected between the effects of the two
      drugs. These findings indicate the advisability of clinical trials of
      indomethacin in the control of postsurgical swelling and pain.

PMID- 6572878
TI  - Treatment of maxillary hemangioma with a sclerosing agent.
AB  - This article reports the case of a patient with a reasonably large maxillary
      hemangioma involving bone and overlying mucosa. A dramatic shrinkage of the
      lesion over a 4-week period was noted when sodium morrhuate was used as the
      sclerosing agent. Four and one half years following therapy, no recurrence of the
      tumor was noted. Radiographically, the area of involvement had become
      significantly more dense, with an increase in size and calcification of
      phleboliths in the area.

PMID- 6572879
TI  - Induction of osteoarthrosis in the guinea pig knee by papain.
AB  - The main purpose of this investigation was to develop a model for experimental
      induction of osteoarthrosis. A previously described method using papain was tried
      on guinea pig knee joints. Eighteen adult guinea pigs were given papain intra
      articularly in the right joints; the left joints were used as controls. The
      animals were killed after 6 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months,
      8 months, and 10 months. Specimens of the articular cartilage were removed for
      histologic and histochemical investigation. Microscopic surface irregularities
      could be observed in the animals after 6 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks, and again
      after 8 and 10 months. Histochemical examination of the sections from the
      experimental joints indicated a loss and degradation of the sulfated
      glycosaminoglycans. This loss was evident after 6 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 8
      months. The first osteoarthrotic changes were observed macroscopically after 8
      months. Radiographic changes in the experimental joints could be observed in all
      animals killed after 10 months. It was concluded that osteoarthrosis similar to
      that occurring in humans can be induced by this method.

PMID- 6572880
TI  - Fibrous hyperplasia of the gingiva: a side effect of cyclosporin A therapy.

PMID- 6572882
TI  - Morphometric analysis of chronic inflammatory periapical lesions in root-filled
      teeth.
AB  - The cell distribution and the tissue composition of chronic inflammatory
      periapical lesions were analyzed from seventeen biopsies of root-filled maxillary
      canines and incisors. The specimens, which included the root tip, the soft
      granulation tissue, and portions of the surrounding alveolar bone, were subjected
      to a stereologic analysis based on morphometric point-counting procedures. Plasma
      cells and lymphocytes were found in large numbers (about 40 percent of the tissue
      volume) in areas close to the apical foramen. The number of fibroblasts and blast
      cells was comparatively low in this zone. Neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and
      mast cells accounted each for 1 to 2 percent of the infiltrated tissue volume.
      With increasing distance from the apex, the tissue examined harbored a decreasing
      number of inflammatory cells but an increased volume of noninfiltrated connective
      tissue. It was concluded that long-standing periapical lesions of root-filled
      teeth had many features in common with those of advanced inflammatory lesions of
      the marginal periodontium.

PMID- 6572881
TI  - Dentinogenesis imperfecta with dens in dente.
AB  - An uncommon case of dentinogenesis imperfecta with dens in dente was studied by
      light microscopy, microradiography, and electron-microprobe analysis. Numerous
      canals and cellular inclusions were found in the coronal portion of the dentin
      where the tubules were sparse and irregularly distributed. In the radicular
      portion of the molar, large canals ran parallel to each other down to the apical
      region. The cementum was thinner and the Tomes granular layer greater in amount
      than usual. A dens in dente occurred in the radicular portion of the molar. It
      was located in a cavity and consisted of a mineralized cap of enamel, a spherical
      dentinal mass, and cellular cementum, located outside the cavity and in the
      "cervical" portion of the dens in dente.

PMID- 6572883
TI  - Clinical and radiologic re-examination of apicoectomized teeth.
AB  - Healing after periapical surgery was studied clinically and radiologically in 108
      patients in whom apicoectomy had been performed on 174 teeth. Histologic
      diagnosis was used to determine healing results; teeth with periapical granuloma
      tend to heal less successfully than teeth showing inflammation or cysts.
      Postoperative treatment played an important role in the healing process. In
      making a prognosis one must include preoperative status (including periodontal
      status), operating method, and postoperative treatment. The age of the patient
      also has some influence on healing.

PMID- 6572884
TI  - Bacteriologic evaluation of the effect of 0.5 percent sodium hypochlorite in
      endodontic therapy.
AB  - The antibacterial effect of 0.5 percent sodium hypochlorite solution as root
      canal irrigant was studied in fifteen single-rooted teeth. Each tooth was treated
      at five appointments, and the presence of bacteria in the root canal was studied
      on each occasion. No antibacterial intracanal dressings were used between the
      appointments. When 0.5 percent hypochlorite was used no bacteria could be
      recovered from twelve of fifteen root canals at the fifth appointment. This
      should be compared with eight of fifteen root canals when saline solution was
      used as irrigant. These results suggest that 0.5 percent sodium hypochlorite
      solution is more effective than saline solution as a root canal irrigant.

PMID- 6572885
TI  - Drywall construction as a dental radiation barrier.
AB  - Six typical forms of drywall construction have been tested as barriers against
      primary and secondary dental x-radiation. It is concluded that this widely used
      type of wall construction is generally effective for this purpose, but with a
      heavy workload two thicknesses of wallboard on each side of the wall are required
      to provide a sufficient barrier. In general, no lead need be incorporated in the
      walls.

PMID- 6572886
TI  - Tooth in coronoid process.

PMID- 6572887
TI  - Drills in dente.

PMID- 6572888
TI  - Odontoma within a tooth follicle.

PMID- 6572889
TI  - [Pseudo-Perthes' disease caused by acute lymphatic leukemia].
AB  - A two year old boy was seen in the orthopedic clinics because of typical symptoms
      of Legg-Perthes disease, a scintigraphy with Technetium99m showed a distinct
      deficiency of nuclear activity in the femoral head which is characteristic of the
      early stage of Legg-Perthes disease. A routine blood count lead to the diagnosis
      of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The boy was treated according to the Austrian
      cooperative leukemia protocol and complete remission was achieved. No orthopedic
      treatment of the femur head necrosis was done, after eight weeks of treatment
      with multiagent chemotherapy the boy started to walk again and subsequently
      became free of all symptoms of Legg-Perthes disease. A scintigraphy done eight
      weeks after the initial scintigraphy showed that the deficiency of radionuclear
      activity of the femoral head was nearly vanished. This case illustrates the
      variability of bone involvement in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which often is
      the most prominent symptom at an early stage of the disease.

PMID- 6572891
TI  - Nursing care plan: plan for action.

PMID- 6572890
TI  - Post-traumatic syringomyelia: the results of surgery.
AB  - Between 1973 and 1982 twenty-seven patients with post-traumatic syringomyelia had
      operations performed to drain the cyst. Three types of operation were performed,
      cord transection, tube syringostomy to the sub-arachnoid space and tube
      syringostomy to the peritoneal cavity. Five patients developed proven blockage of
      their catheters. The results are presented. Pain was dramatically and
      gratifyingly improved in 14 patients. Motor power showed the most consistent
      improvement in 14 patients. Only eight patients showed the most consistent
      improvement in 14 patients. Only eight patients showed sensory improvement; this
      was the least likely to improve. The progress of the condition could be arrested
      in the majority of cases, but a small number continued to deteriorate and
      required further operations.

PMID- 6572892
TI  - Gemfibrozil in combination with other drugs for severe hyperlipidemia.
      Preliminary study comprising four cases.
AB  - In this very early report, Dr Nash shares his insights into a newly developing
      approach to hyperlipidemia therapy. Four severely hyperlipidemic patients in whom
      maximum dietary therapy had proved ineffective showed a dramatic reduction in
      cholesterol and triglyceride levels when treated with multiple drugs, including
      gemfibrozil. These cases demonstrate that maximally effective polypharmacy can
      have striking results in selected patients. These provocative findings should
      encourage other investigators to verify or refute them.

PMID- 6572893
TI  - Consequences of UMP synthase deficiency in cattle.
AB  - Several dairy cows have been identified as partially deficient in UMP synthase.
      Although erythrocytes of normal cows contained 2.54 units of enzyme per ml, four
      cows were discovered with only 1.08 units per ml. Cows deficient in UMP synthase
      secreted milk with abnormally high levels of orotate, 300-1,000 micrograms of
      orotate per ml compared to 80 micrograms/ml for normal cows. The deficiency also
      was accompanied by a lactation-induced orotic aciduria. Although bovine urinary
      orotate was generally less than 10 micrograms/ml, the urine of the deficient
      cows, when lactating, contained 20-200 micrograms/ml. Their plasma orotate also
      was elevated. Genetic transmission of the condition was suggested by a common
      bull in the pedigrees of all deficient animals. Indeed, these cows, with half the
      normal level of UMP synthase, are probably heterozygotes with a 50% chance of
      passing the deficient allele to their progeny. For these putative heterozygotes,
      the condition is apparently benign because longevity and production were
      unaffected. However, the existence of a gene for UMP synthase deficiency in the
      dairy cow population poses a hazard with respect to the conception of
      homozygotic, deficient animals. These, in analogy with a comparable human
      condition, would be expected to exhibit high perinatal morbidity and mortality.

PMID- 6572894
TI  - Physiological and x-ray studies of potential antisickling agents.
AB  - Several aromatic compounds have been found to inhibit the gelling of sickle cell
      hemoglobin. We have tried to correlate the antigelling activity of such compounds
      with the stereo-chemistry of their binding sites in the hemoglobin molecule. This
      approach led to the discovery that two known antilipoproteinemia drugs,
      clofibrate and gemfibrozil, have antigelling activity. X-ray analysis showed that
      three pairs of molecules of clofibric acid, the active metabolite of clofibrate,
      bound to the walls of the internal cavity of deoxyhemoglobin A; only one pair
      bound to a quite different site, between helices A, E, and H of the alpha chains
      of carbon monoxide hemoglobin A. Unlike other antigelling agents, clofibric acid
      and related compounds decrease rather than increase the oxygen affinity of
      hemoglobin.

PMID- 6572895
TI  - Characterization of a calmodulin-binding protein that is deficient in
      trifluoperazine-resistant variants of the macrophage-like cell line J774.
AB  - A calmodulin-binding protein is present in extracts of the macrophage-like mouse
      cell line J774 and in extracts of thioglycollate-stimulated mouse peritoneal
      macrophages; it is deficient in variants of J774 resistant to trifluoperazine and
      in resident peritoneal macrophages. The calmodulin-binding protein [CaMBP
      (J7)0.5] was purified from J774 and resolved from endogenous cyclic nucleotide
      phosphodiesterase and protein kinase activities. The protein has an apparent
      native Mr of 125,000-150,000 and binds calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner
      with a Kd of 20 nM. It inhibits the ability of calmodulin to activate
      phosphodiesterase. Its sedimentation constant in glycerol gradients containing
      calmodulin was dependent upon the relative concentrations of calmodulin and the
      calmodulin-binding protein.

PMID- 6572896
TI  - In vivo 31P NMR study of the metabolism of murine mammary 16/C adenocarcinoma and
      its response to chemotherapy, x-radiation, and hyperthermia.
AB  - (31)P NMR spectroscopy with surface coils has been used to monitor, in vivo, the
      phosphate metabolism of subcutaneously implanted mammary 16/C adenocarcinoma in
      C3H/He mice. This model tumor was studied during untreated tumor growth and after
      treatment with adriamycin, hyperthermia, and x-radiation. The mammary 16/C tumor
      exhibited a Gompertzian growth pattern. Levels of high-energy phosphate
      metabolites-phosphocreatine and ATP-decreased with increases in tumor mass. There
      was a concomitant increase in the level of P(i) and a decrease in the apparent pH
      of the tumor. These spectral changes appear to reflect changes in tumor
      vascularization that accompany tumor growth, the tumor becoming progressively
      more hypoxic. Partial response of this tumor to chemotherapy with adriamycin was
      reflected in a small but measurable increase in the phosphocreatine resonance, a
      decrease in P(i), and a return of the intra-tumor pH to neutral. Hyperthermia
      resulted in progressive conversion of the (31)P NMR spectrum to that of a dead
      tumor (high levels of P(i), small levels of residual sugar phosphates and
      pyridine dinucleotides, and acidic pH). X-irradiation (14.0 Gy) led to
      disappearance of the phosphocreatine peak within 15 min of treatment.
      Subsequently, this resonance grew back beyond its pretreatment level. As the
      tumor receded, its spectrum reflected the characteristics of aerobically
      metabolizing tissue (high levels of phosphocreatine and ATP and low levels of
      P(i) and sugar phosphates).

PMID- 6572897
TI  - Isolation of cDNA sequences coding for a part of human tissue plasminogen
      activator.
AB  - We have isolated a cDNA sequence coding for a part of human tissue plasminogen
      activator. mRNA coding for tissue plasminogen activator was partially purified,
      copied into double-stranded cDNA, and cloned into Escherichia coli. Two sets of
      partially overlapping oligodeoxynucleotide mixtures corresponding to all possible
      coding sequences for a known portion of the tissue plasminogen activator gene
      were prepared. One set was used as a probe to screen cDNA containing bacterial
      clones and both were used as probes in hybridization against purified plasmid
      DNA. Of 4,200 bacterial clones examined, 1 carried a plasmid that hybridized to
      both sets of oligonucleotides. This plasmid contained a 370-base-pair cDNA
      insert, which was shown by nucleotide sequence analysis to code for the cleavage
      site region in the one-chain form of the human tissue plasminogen activator.

PMID- 6572898
TI  - On the state of aggregation of newly secreted procollagen.
AB  - Procollagen and partially processed procollagen from cultures of primary chicken
      embryo tendon cells appeared as segment-long-spacing (SLS)-like aggregates when
      drops of medium were negatively stained and examined by electron microscopy.
      Similar aggregates were obtained after negative staining of medium partially
      purified by gel filtration and also after staining thin sections of fixed,
      dehydrated, and embedded pellets formed by prolonged ultracentrifugation of whole
      culture medium. In contrast to results from electron microscopy, analysis by
      velocity density gradient sedimentation or sedimentation equilibrium indicated
      the exclusive presence of procollagen or partially processed procollagen monomers
      in solution. These contradictory data can be reconciled if procollagen exists in
      monomeric form when greatly diluted (as in culture medium), and in specific
      aggregated form (SLS) at high concentration. We believe that cells in vivo
      secrete procollagen in high, local concentration packaged in the SLS form. We
      propose that such zero-D arrayed packages are the precursors of native collagen
      fibrils.

PMID- 6572899
TI  - Effect of titration charge on the diffusion of bovine serum albumin.
AB  - Quasi-elastic light scattering studies were performed on purified bovine serum
      albumin sample under conditions of high and low ionic strength and pH. Two
      relaxation modes were observed in all cases. The apparent diffusion coefficient
      obtained in the asymptotic time window (T) limit T leads to 0-i.e., Dapp(T leads
      to 0)-was found to be approximately equal to 6.1 X 10(-7) cm2/sec under
      conditions that minimized electrical forces (100 mM KCl at pH 4.5). As the ionic
      strength was lowered to 0.1 mM KCl (pH 4.5) or the pH was raised to 10 (100 mM
      KCl), Dapp(T leads to 0) increased to 7.2-7.5 X 10(-7) cm2/sec. These
      observations for Dapp(T leads to 0) are interpretable in terms of small-ion
      polyion coupled modes in accordance with the theory of Lin et al. regarding
      dynamic Donnan effects [Lin, S.-C., Lee, W. I. & Schurr, J. M. (1978) Biopolymers
      17, 1041-1064] without having to invoke direct polyion-polyion interactions.
      These direct interactions may be important at extreme ionic strength and pH
      conditions (0.1 mM KCl at pH 10). Concomitant with an increase in Dapp(T leads to
      0), under appropriate changes in solvent conditions, is an increase in the
      relative amplitude and relaxation time of the slow decay mode.

PMID- 6572900
TI  - Isolation of actin-containing transmembrane complexes from ascites adenocarcinoma
      sublines having mobile and immobile receptors.
AB  - The molecular nature of the cell surface-cytoskeleton interaction in microvilli
      isolated from ascites 13762 rat mammary adenocarcinoma sublines with immobile
      (MAT-C1) and mobile (MAT-B1) receptors was investigated by extraction and
      fractionation studies on the microvillar membranes. Extraction of membranes from
      MAT-C1 cells with Triton X-100-containing buffers gave insoluble residues showing
      three major components by NaDodSO(4)/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: actin, a
      58,000-dalton polypeptide, and a cell surface glycoprotein of 75,000-80,000
      daltons. The ratio of these components in Triton X-100-insoluble residues, as
      determined by scintillation counting of bands from gels of [(3)H]leucine-labeled
      microvillar membranes, approached equimolar, suggesting a specific complex of the
      components. The three components of the putative complex cosedimented on sucrose
      density gradients of Triton X-100/buffer-treated membranes. Gel filtration on
      Sepharose 2B gave a peak included in the column that contained only the
      glycoprotein, actin, and 58,000-dalton polypeptide by one-dimensional NaDodSO(4)
      electrophoresis and by two-dimensional isoelectric focusing/NaDodSO(4)
      electrophoresis. The glycoprotein-actin association could be disrupted only under
      strongly denaturing conditions. Complex prepared from MAT-B1 microvillar
      membranes by Sepharose 2B gel filtration in Triton X-100-containing buffers
      contained actin and the glycoprotein but no 58,000-dalton polypeptide. From these
      results we propose that the cell surface-cytoskeleton interactions in the 13762
      tumor cell microvilli involve direct association of actin with the cell surface
      glycoprotein. We further suggest that the 58,000-dalton polypeptide stabilizes
      the association of this complex with the microfilaments in the MAT-C1 microvilli,
      thereby stabilizing the microvilli and restricting cell surface receptor
      mobility.

PMID- 6572901
TI  - Relationship between number of spleen colonies and 125IdUrd incorporation into
      spleen and femur.
AB  - Graded numbers of bone marrow (BM) cells were injected into fatally irradiated
      mice. Eight days later the mice were given 3.0 microCi (1 Ci = 3.7 X 10(10) Bq)
      of 125IdUrd to label proliferating cells in the spleen and BM. On day 9 the mice
      were killed and the spleens and femurs were removed for splenic colony assay and
      measurement of radioactivity in the spleen and femurs. The number of splenic
      colonies shows a linear relationship with dose of marrow cells injected from
      10(4) to 10(5) cells. The slope of the curve of spleen colonies versus number of
      cells injected is less than 1, implying that the fraction seeded in spleen
      decreases with number of cells injected. Above 10(5) and below 10(4) there is a
      striking departure from the simple linearity. Below 2 X 10(3) cells injected, the
      logarithm of the observed colony yield is linear with logarithm of the number of
      cells injected. Poisson calculation of the average number of pluripotent stem
      cells that should be present with numbers of marrow cells injected below 2 X
      10(3) followed closely the actual observations. The data show that there is no
      detectible proliferation in the BM until the dose of marrow cells exceeds 3.5 X
      10(4) cells. Induction of cells into cycle increases the seeding into the BM, and
      thymidine cytocide drastically reduces seeding in the BM, leading us to conclude
      that the BM is repopulated almost exclusively by stem cells in DNA synthesis.

PMID- 6572902
TI  - Diffusely distributed acetylcholine receptors can participate in cluster
      formation on cultured rat myotubes.
AB  - On aneurally cultured rat primary myotubes, 10% of the acetylcholine receptors
      (AcChoR) are found to be aggregated and immobilized in endogenous clusters while
      the remainder are diffusely distributed and partially mobile. This paper reports
      that AcChoR in clusters can be gathered from AcChoR in diffuse areas during the
      course of normal myotube development. AcChoR were fluorescently labeled with
      rhodamine-conjugated alpha-bungarotoxin, and all existing clusters in a
      circumscribed region of the culture dish were irreversibly photobleached by a
      slightly defocused laser beam, the movement of which was controlled by a lens
      mounted on a joystick translator. This procedure leaves intact only the
      fluorescent label on the diffusely distributed AcChoR. Observation of the
      myotubes after several hours of incubation revealed cluster fluorescence
      redevelopment. This cluster fluorescence must have consisted of AcChoR that
      previously were diffusely distributed. The majority (but not all) of cluster
      fluorescence redevelopment occurred in the location of a previously bleached
      cluster. About half of the redeveloped clusters have an annular shape. The major
      conclusions of this study are (i) diffusely distributed AcChoR can become
      clustered; (ii) endogenous clusters appear to form, at least in part, by
      "trapping" receptors as they diffuse in from surrounding regions; (iii) cluster
      formation is an ongoing process in cultured rat myotubes; and (iv) colchicine (a
      microtubule-disrupting agent) inhibits cluster formation.

PMID- 6572903
TI  - Human ferritin gene is assigned to chromosome 19.
AB  - Ferritin is the intracellular iron storage protein. Tissue ferritin stores are
      markedly increased in hemochromatosis, a disease of iron overload that has been
      linked to chromosome 6. In order to provide further information concerning the
      genetics of ferritin synthesis and to determine if the structural gene for
      ferritin was on chromosome 6, studies were performed to identify the human
      chromosome that contains the ferritin gene. Ferritin immunoassays were performed
      on extracts of Chinese hamster ovary somatic cells that were hybridized with
      human lymphocytes and fibroblasts and contained various human chromosomes in
      different combinations. None of the 13 cell lines that lacked immunoreactive
      human ferritin contained chromosome 19, and all 9 of the cell lines that produced
      human ferritin contained chromosome 19. No other human chromosome shared this
      association with human ferritin. In studies of subclones of ferritin-positive
      cell lines, immunoreactive ferritin consistently segregated only with chromosome
      19. Immunoprecipitation studies performed on cells that had been incubated with
      59Fe-containing transferrin indicated that chromosome 19-containing cells
      incorporated iron into intact and functional molecules of human ferritin. The
      necessary and exclusive association of chromosome 19 with human ferritin
      indicates that a defect in the structural gene for human ferritin cannot account
      for the abnormalities of hemochromatosis. Moreover, this hamster-human hybrid
      cell system should prove useful in further studies of regulation of ferritin
      concentration and composition.

PMID- 6572904
TI  - Evolution of altruistic behavior by kin selection: an alternative approach.
AB  - The evolution of altruistic and selfish behavior by kin selection has been
      analyzed previously by asking which types of behavior are favored by natural
      selection. A type of behavior is defined as a given cost/benefit ratio, c/b, in
      terms of Darwinian fitness. An alternative approach is to consider c/b itself as
      a quantitative character subject to natural selection and evolving toward an
      equilibrium. This approach allows consideration of a continuum of behavioral
      options as opposed to just two alternatives as in the previous work.
      Environmental restrictions on the availability of opportunities for fitness
      transactions are imposed so that the total benefit an individual can provide for
      or take from his relatives increases with his c/b ratio. General conditions for
      stable equilibria are derived. These depend only on the coefficient of
      relationship between donor and recipient (r) and the function describing the
      availability of benefit. They are independent of the heritability and variance in
      the population. Under weak selection, the equilibrium c/b ratio will be r/2 for
      altruistic behavior and 1/(2r) for selfish behavior. By contrast, standard theory
      predicts that all altruistic acts with c/b ratios less than r will be favored,
      and no equilibrium can be predicted except under certain special conditions where
      only two behavioral options are available. In general, these results show that
      evolution of the donor's behavior (altruism) tends to maximize the quantity rb-
      c, and evolution of the recipient (selfish behavior) maximizes b--rc.

PMID- 6572905
TI  - Monoclonal antibody and an antibody-toxin conjugate to a cell surface
      proteoglycan of melanoma cells suppress in vivo tumor growth.
AB  - A monoclonal antibody directed against a cell surface chondroitin sulfate
      proteoglycan of human melanoma cells, 9.2.27, and its diphtheria toxin A chain
      (DTA) conjugate were investigated for their effects on in vitro protein synthesis
      and in vivo tumor growth of human melanoma cells. The 9.2.27 IgG and its DTA
      conjugate display similar serological activities against melanoma target cells
      but only the conjugate can induce consistent in vitro inhibition of protein
      synthesis and toxicity in M21 melanoma cells. However, both 9.2.27 IgG and its
      DTA conjugate effect significant suppression of M21 tumor growth in vivo in an
      immunotherapy model of a rapidly growing tumor in athymic nu/nu mice, suggesting
      that other host mechanisms may mediate monoclonal antibody-induced tumor
      suppression.

PMID- 6572906
TI  - Treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia by portacaval anastomosis: effect on
      cholesterol metabolism and pool sizes.
AB  - Measurements of the key parameters of cholesterol homeostasis and the mass of the
      body pools of cholesterol were carried out in two patients with familial
      hypercholesterolemia (FH), one homozygote and one heterozygote, before and 28 and
      18 months, respectively, after portacaval anastomosis (PCA). In both patients the
      procedure significantly reduced the plasma concentrations of total and low
      density lipoprotein cholesterol and the daily rate of whole body cholesterol and
      bile acid synthesis. In addition, PCA caused a net efflux of accumulated tissue
      cholesterol as demonstrated by reductions in the rapidly exchangeable and total
      exchangeable masses of body cholesterol. Shunt patency was verified by
      demonstration of increased bile acids in serum from fasting patients and from
      patients 2 hr after a meal and by increased plasma glucagon before and after
      arginine infusion. Other than a persistently increased level of serum alkaline
      phosphatase, liver function tests have fallen within the normal range in both
      patients; there has been no evidence of hepatic encephalopathy. In the homozygous
      patient there has also been a striking resolution in xanthoma size and
      distribution. These multiple effects on cholesterol homeostasis and pool sizes
      strongly suggest that PCA can reverse the progressive accumulation of cholesterol
      in body tissues of FH patients.

PMID- 6572907
TI  - Heat shock protein in mammalian brain and other organs after a physiologically
      relevant increase in body temperature induced by D-lysergic acid diethylamide.
AB  - A physiologically relevant increase in body temperature from 39.7 to 42.5 degrees
      C, which was generated after the intravenous injection of D-lysergic acid
      diethylamide (LSD), caused the induction of synthesis of a 74,000-dalton heat
      shock protein in the brain, heart, and kidney of the young adult rabbit. A marked
      increase in the relative labeling of a 74,000-dalton protein was noted after
      analysis of both in vivo labeled proteins and cell-free translation products of
      isolated polysomes. A temporal decrease in the synthesis of this protein was
      noted as LSD-induced hyperthermia subsided. The 74,000-dalton protein, which is
      induced in various organs of the intact animal at a body temperature similar to
      that attained during fever reactions, may play a role in homeostatic control
      mechanisms.

PMID- 6572908
TI  - Characterization of the monoamine carrier of chromaffin granule membrane by
      binding of [2-3H]dihydrotetrabenazine.
AB  - [2-3H]Dihydrotetrabenazine (2-hydroxy-3-isobutyl-9, 10-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4,6,7
      hexahydro-11b-H-benzo [a]-quinolizine), a derivative of the neuroleptic
      tetrabenazine, binds to the membrane of purified bovine chromaffin granules.
      Specific binding was characterized by Kd and Bmax values of 3.1 nM and 62 pmol/mg
      of membrane protein, respectively. It was reversible, with association and
      dissociation rate constants of 0.22 x 10(6) M-1 s-1 and 1.8 x 10(-3) s-1,
      respectively. Binding sites were present in extracts of medulla but not in
      corticoadrenal extracts; in the medulla they were restricted to chromaffin
      granule membranes, [2-3H]Dihydrotetrabenazine binding occurred on the
      catecholamine carrier of the chromaffin granule membrane because it was clearly
      correlated with inhibition of norepinephrine uptake. In addition, inhibitors and
      substrates of the uptake reaction displaced [2-3H]dihydrotetrabenazine from its
      binding sites, and their potency as displacers was qualitatively correlated with
      their IC50 or Km. These results suggest that use of [2-3H]dihydrotetrabenazine
      binding might be an interesting technique in the study of the vesicular monoamine
      carrier.

PMID- 6572909
TI  - Calculation of volume fluctuation for globular protein models.
AB  - The extent of volume fluctuation is calculated for two simple geometrical models
      of globular protein molecules subjected to a potential that is proportional to
      the surface area freshly generated by the thermal breathing motion. The
      proportionality constant, gamma, has the unit of surface tension. The calculated
      values are compared with estimates made from the compressibility measurements.
      After an approximate correction for the hydration effect, the experimental values
      are found to be between those calculated by using gamma values of 25 and 46
      cal/mol/A2 (1 cal = 4.184 J). These values bracket previously reported
      independent estimates of interfacial tension that presumably operates at the
      interface between a nonpolar molecule and water. This result appears to indicate
      that the solvent water plays a significant role in determining the extent of
      volume fluctuation of globular proteins and that the concept, and the actual
      value of the estimate, of the interfacial tension around a nonpolar molecule in
      water may, in fact, be useful in some applications.

PMID- 6572910
TI  - Model for mammalian metallothionein structure.
AB  - The results of physicochemical studies of mammalian metallothioneins are
      summarized and used to propose a model of the protein. The primary structures of
      all mammalian metallothioneins are very homologous; there are 38 invariant
      residues and 20 of them are cysteines. The results of UV and CD optical studies
      indicated that all 20 cysteines are involved in the ligation of 7 mol of metal
      per mol of metallothionein and that the protein does not contain any alpha-helix
      structure. A theoretical analysis by the Chou-Fasman method has predicted 11 beta
      bends, each one involving at least one cysteine residue. The most significant
      structural data, provided by 113Cd NMR, demonstrated that the 7 mol of bound Cd2+
      are arranged in two separate metal clusters, one containing four metal ions and
      the other containing three, with all Cd2+ tetrahedrally coordinated to cysteine
      thiolate ligands. The 11 cysteine residues of the carboxyl-terminal portion of
      the metallothionein chain (residues 30-61) are ligated to the 4-metal cluster as
      shown by 113Cd NMR of this enzymatically cleaved fragment. The remaining cysteine
      residues from the amino-terminal polypeptide portion (residues 1-29) form the 3
      metal cluster. Such a division of the chain is consistent with the presence of an
      intron in the mouse metallothionein-1 gene corresponding to residue 32 in the
      polypeptide chain. A two-domain molecular model has been constructed based on an
      analysis of all the available data and is described in detail. The accuracy of
      this model was tested by 1H NMR at 500 MHz and the data are in agreement with our
      proposed structure.

PMID- 6572911
TI  - Peptide antibody specific for the amino terminus of skeletal muscle alpha-actin.
AB  - The NH2-terminal peptide of skeletal muscle alpha-actin (S alpha N peptide),
      which contains a primary sequence unique to this actin isozyme, was used to
      prepare an isozyme-specific peptide antibody. S alpha N peptide was purified from
      chicken breast muscle actin by preparative reverse-phase HPLC and was coupled to
      hemocyanin. This complex was used to immunize rabbits in order to elicit actin
      antibodies specific for the skeletal muscle alpha-actin isozyme. The antibody
      obtained, called S alpha N antibody, was reactive with S alpha N peptide and with
      skeletal muscle alpha-actin as well as with cardiac muscle alpha-actin. S alpha N
      antibody did not react with either of the actin isozymes present in smooth muscle
      (smooth muscle alpha and gamma) or in brain (nonmuscle beta and gamma). S alpha N
      antibody was used to detect muscle-specific actin in differentiating mouse and
      human myoblasts by using immunoblots of myoblast extracts and immunofluorescent
      staining of fixed cells.

PMID- 6572912
TI  - Identification of a cDNA clone for mouse apoprotein A-1 (apo A-1) and its use in
      characterization of apo A-1 mRNA expression in liver and small intestine.
AB  - A cDNA clone for mouse apoprotein A-1 (apo A-1), the major apoprotein of plasma
      high density lipoproteins, has been identified. In addition to structural and
      physiological evidence, a genetic polymorphism for mouse plasma apo A-1 has been
      used to confirm that this DNA sequence corresponds to the apo A-1 gene. Use of
      this clone in molecular hybridization studies has shown that the concentration of
      apo A-1 mRNA is similar in liver and small intestine and is constant along the
      entire length of the small intestine. We provide evidence that the same apo A-1
      gene is expressed in both liver and small intestine. Apo A-1 mRNA is also present
      in the stomach and esophagus at 10-15% the concentration found in small intestine
      but is undetectable in other tissues (such as large intestine, pancreas, heart,
      kidney, spleen, and brain). Finally, we show that there is a differential effect
      of a diet high in saturated fat and cholesterol on apo A-1 mRNA levels in liver
      and small intestine.

PMID- 6572913
TI  - Overproduction of a Mr 92,000 protomer of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A
      reductase in compactin-resistant C100 cells.
AB  - We describe a cell line, designated C100, that displays a 100-fold increase in
      the major regulatory enzyme of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, 3-hydroxy-3
      methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase [HMG-CoA; mevalonate:NADP(+) oxido-reductase
      (CoA-acylating), EC 1.1.1.34]. Immunoprecipitation of [(35)S]methionine-labeled
      enzyme from C100 microsomal membranes prepared in the presence of the protease
      inhibitors phenyl-methylsulfonyl fluoride and leupeptin revealed two up regulated
      proteins: a major band of M(r) 92,000 and a minor band of M(r) 63,000. We
      conclude that the M(r) 92,000 protein is probably the intact form of HMG-CoA
      reductase protomer based on the following criteria. (i) It is a highly up
      regulated microsomal membrane protein that coincides with the increase in HMG-CoA
      reductase specific activity in this cell line. (ii) It is recognized by a
      specific HMG-CoA reductase antiserum under a variety of stringencies. (iii)
      Isolation and solubilization of [(35)S]methionine-labeled C100 microsomal
      membranes in the absence of protease inhibitors resulted in the disappearance of
      the M(r) 92,000 protein and the appearance of two proteins of M(r) 52,000 and
      38,000. (iv) Analysis of cells labeled for 30 min with [(35)S]methionine, well
      under the half-life of HMG-CoA reductase, revealed only the M(r) 92,000 protein
      to be present in total cell extract. (v) The previously reported single
      immunoprecipitation polypeptide for HMG-CoA reductase of M(r) 62,000 [Chin, D.
      J., Luskey, K. L., Anderson, R. G. W., Faust, J. R., Goldstein, J. L. & Brown, M.
      S. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 1185-1189] can be isolated and appears
      to be the result of both proteolysis and sample preparation for NaDodSO(4) gel
      electrophoresis. Analysis of C100 cells labeled with [(35)S]methionine for 24 hr
      indicates that the predominant steady-state form of the enzyme is the M(r)
      92,000, rather than the M(r) 63,000, protein, further suggesting that the two
      proteins do not have a classical precursor-product relationship.

PMID- 6572914
TI  - Inactivation of key metabolic enzymes by mixed-function oxidation reactions:
      possible implication in protein turnover and ageing.
AB  - Several mixed-function oxidation systems catalyze the inactivation of Escherichia
      coli glutamine synthetase. Inactivation involves modification of a single
      histidine residue in each enzyme subunit and makes the enzyme susceptible to
      proteolytic degradation. We show here that 10 key enzymes in metabolism are
      inactivated by a bacterial NADH oxidase and by an oxidase system comprised of
      NADPH, cytochrome P-450 reductase, and cytochrome P-450 isozyme 2 from rabbit
      liver microsomes. Most of the inactivatable enzymes require a divalent cation for
      activity and all but one (enolase) possess a nucleotide binding site. Glutamine
      synthetase, pyruvate kinase, and phosphoglycerate kinase are protected from
      inactivation by their substrates; substrate protection of other enzymes was not
      tested. We propose that inactivation involves mixed-function oxidization system
      catalyzed synthesis of H(2)O(2) and reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) followed by
      oxidation of enzyme-bound Fe(II) by H(2)O(2) to generate oxygen radicals that
      attack a histidine (or other oxidizable amino acid) at the metal binding site of
      the enzyme. This is supported by the following: (i) most of the inactivation
      reactions are inhibited by EDTA and by catalase, (ii) both mixed-function
      oxidation systems reduce Fe(III), and (iii) H(2)O(2) together with Fe(II)
      catalyzes nonenzymic inactivation of glutamine synthetase. In view of the fact
      that inactivation of glutamine synthetase makes it susceptible to proteolytic
      degradation, it is possible that mixed-function oxidation system-catalyzed
      inactivation of enzymes is a regulatory step in enzyme turn-over. In addition,
      the implication of oxidative inactivation reactions in ageing is suggested by the
      fact that many of the enzymes inactivated by mixed-function oxidation systems are
      known to accumulate as inactive forms during ageing.

PMID- 6572915
TI  - Heavy metals induce rapid calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles
      isolated from skeletal muscle.
AB  - Micromolar concentrations of mercury, silver, and other reagents known to react
      with sulfhydryl groups are shown to stimulate ATPase activity and inhibit active
      calcium uptake in sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles derived from rabbit fast
      skeletal muscle. These effects are caused by a dramatic increase in the calcium
      permeability of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Measurements of Ca2+ permeability
      were made using both isotopes and by spectrophotometric techniques using the Ca2+
      indicator arsenazo III. Air oxidation of a sulfhydryl group to a disulfide group
      also leads to a large increase in the calcium permeability of the sarcoplasmic
      reticulum.

PMID- 6572916
TI  - Biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin by de novo and salvage pathways in adrenal
      medulla extracts, mammalian cell cultures, and rat brain in vivo.
AB  - Mammalian cells and tissues were found to have two pathways for the biosynthesis
      of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4): (i) the conversion of GTP to BH4 by a methotrexate
      insensitive de novo pathway, and (ii) the conversion of sepiapterin to BH4 by a
      pterin salvage pathway dependent on dihydrofolate reductase (5,6,7,8
      tetrahydrofolate: NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.5.1.3) activity. In a Chinese
      hamster ovary cell mutant lacking dihydrofolate reductase (DUKX-B11), endogenous
      formation of BH4 proceeds normally but, unlike the parent cells, these cells or
      extracts of them do not convert sepiapterin or 7,8-dihydrobiopterin to BH4. KB
      cells, which do not contain detectable levels of GTP cyclohydrolase or BH4 but do
      contain dihydrofolate reductase, readily convert sepiapterin to BH4 and this
      conversion is completely prevented by methotrexate. In supernatant fractions of
      bovine adrenal medulla, the conversion of sepiapterin to BH4 is completely
      inhibited by methotrexate. Similarly, this conversion in rat brain in vivo is
      methotrexate-sensitive. Sepiapterin and 7,8-dihydrobiopterin apparently do not
      enter the de novo pathway of BH4 biosynthesis and may be derived from labile
      intermediates which have not yet been characterized.

PMID- 6572917
TI  - Tunicamycin inhibits ganglioside biosynthesis in neuronal cells.
AB  - The antibiotic tunicamycin blocks the transfer of GlcNAc-1-P from UDP-GlcNAc to
      dolichol phosphate, thereby blocking the synthesis of N-linked oligosaccharide
      chains on glycoproteins. Its effect on the biosynthesis of gangliosides has not
      been reported. We report that tunicamycin caused a 70-80% reduction in
      incorporation of [(3)H]GlcN into gangliosides and neutral glycosphingolipids of
      the neuroblastoma-glioma hybrid cell line NG 108-15 at antibiotic concentrations
      that caused a 90% reduction of the radiolabel incorporation into glycoproteins.
      The effect of tunicamycin on ganglioside biosynthesis was apparent after only 4
      hr of incubation, and maximum inhibition was seen within 6 hr. When control or
      tunicamycin-treated (5 mug/ml) cells were collected and fractionated to separate
      glycoproteins, neutral glycosphingolipids, gangliosides, and nucleotide sugar
      precursor pools, the following results were obtained: (i) UDP-GlcNAc and UDP
      GalNAc pool sizes increased >3-fold, and specific activities decreased 50% upon
      treatment with tunicamycin; (ii) when corrected for this value, the percentage
      inhibition of GlcN incorporation into various glycoconjugates by tunicamycin in
      these cells was 82% for glycoproteins, 54% for neutral glycosphingolipids, and
      50% for gangliosides; and (iii) the different gangliosides were affected
      differentially, with the most striking inhibition apparent in GM(3) biosynthesis,
      which was decreased 78% in the presence of tunicamycin. These data suggest that
      the effects of tunicamycin on glycosphingolipids as well as on glycoproteins must
      be considered when interpreting its effects on intact cells and organisms.

PMID- 6572918
TI  - Total synthesis of human beta-lipotropin.
AB  - The total synthesis of human beta-lipotropin has been accomplished by the new
      segment-coupling method in aqueous solution. The peptides Ac-Arg-beta-lipotropin
      (61-89) (I) and [GlyS60]-beta-lipotropin-(1-60) (II) were synthesized by the
      solid-phase method. Reaction of peptide I with citraconic anhydride followed by
      brief digestion with trypsin to remove the acetylarginyl group, gave Ia. Reaction
      of peptide II with citraconic anhydride gave the citraconyl peptide IIa. Ia and
      IIa were coupled together in 50% dimethylformamide by reaction with silver
      nitrate/N-hydroxysuccinimide. After removal of the citraconyl groups in 25%
      acetic acid, a 10% yield of synthetic beta-lipotropin could be isolated. The
      synthetic product was shown to be identical to native human beta-lipotropin by
      paper electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, HPLC, lipolytic activity in isolated
      rabbit fat cells, and radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 6572919
TI  - Purification and characterization of sheep brain cold-stable microtubules.
AB  - The isolation of cold-stable microtubules in high yields, described previously
      only from rodents, was extended to the brain of higher animals. Under optimal
      conditions, yields of 30 mg of cold-stable microtubles per 100 g of sheep brain
      could be obtained routinely. Material purified by two polymerization cycles
      displayed the same stability to cold temperature or to millimolar concentrations
      of calcium and the same lability to calmodulin and to ATP as did the purified
      material obtained from the rat [Job, D., Rauch, C.T., Fischer, E.H. & Margolis,
      R.L. (1982) Biochemistry 21, 509]. Furthermore, DE-52 chromatography of this
      material yielded a fraction that restored cold stability when added to cold
      labile microtubules. Known to bind to calmodulin and to enhance microtubule
      assembly, tau proteins had no cold-stabilizing activity. Protein profiles of the
      cold-stabilizing fraction from sheep and rat brain were similar to one another
      but showed no protein bands corresponding to the tau proteins.

PMID- 6572920
TI  - Band patterns seen by electron microscopy in ordered arrays of bovine and human
      fibrinogen and fibrin after negative staining.
AB  - When fibers of fibrin clots or fragments of fibrinogen pellets are negatively
      stained they exhibit in the electron microscope characteristic patterns of cross
      striations or bands. Those found in pellet material are indistinguishable from
      those seen in thrombin-induced fibrin fibers. The pattern seen in fibrin from
      bovine sources contains three equally spaced faint bands between every two of the
      broad prominent ones, spaced 23 nm apart. Human material shows a different
      pattern, one wherein no central faint band is seen, whereas the two remaining
      ones are broader. Its character is unaffected by crosslinking following fiber
      formation and preceding negative staining. The bovine pattern, however, is
      converted by such crosslinking to one that closely resembles the human. It is
      suggested that the striation pattern in human fibrin is due to juxtapositions of
      E domains of the parallel-aligned fibrin monomers with tightly coiled COOH
      terminal regions of beta and gamma polypeptide chains, with no discernible
      contribution to the pattern from the alpha chain. In negatively stained untreated
      fibers of bovine fibrin, however, it is proposed that the COOH-terminal region of
      the alpha chain becomes tightly coiled, thereby contributing the faint central
      striation to the band pattern. Crosslinking prevents this conformational change
      in the alpha chain.

PMID- 6572921
TI  - Human coagulation factor Va is a cofactor for the activation of protein C.
AB  - During blood clotting in vitro, protein C is converted in part to protein Ca,
      Protein Ca, in turn, inactivates factor Va. This is evidenced by the rapid
      inactivation of factor Va coagulant activity after clot formation which is
      associated with the cleavage of the Mr 110,000 peptide of factor Va. When
      exogenous factor Va is added to serum, it is inactivated only after a lag of 10
      20 min. Using purified coagulation factors in the presence of EDTA, we
      demonstrated that factor Va enhances the rate of protein C activation by thrombin
      by 50-fold. The Km for factor Va in the reaction is 14 nM, 100 times higher than
      its Km for accelerating platelet surface prothrombin activation by factor Xa. By
      this mechanism, factor Va can act as a procoagulant as well as limit
      dissemination of the coagulation process through the activation of protein C and
      the subsequent inactivation of both factor Va and factor VIIIa.

PMID- 6572922
TI  - Evidence for an altered adenovirus DNA polymerase in cells infected with the
      mutant H5ts149.
AB  - The N complementation group of adenovirus (Ad) serotype 5 mutants, which are
      temperature sensitive for viral DNA synthesis in vivo, has been used to study a
      140,000-dalton DNA polymerase (Pol) that copurified with the 80,000-dalton
      terminal protein precursor (pTP). Extracts prepared from HeLa cells infected with
      the N group mutant H5ts149 at nonpermissive temperature were unable to synthesize
      viral DNA. The defect in these extracts was specifically reversed by addition of
      the Pol purified from wild-type Ad-infected cytosol. Addition of the pTP, free of
      the Pol, did not restore replicative activity to H5ts149 extracts. The reactions
      studied depend on the presence of the DNA template and include the initiation
      reaction (the covalent attachment of dCMP to the pTP) and the selective
      replication of Ad DNA restriction endonuclease fragments containing the origin
      sequences. Glycerol gradient sedimentation showed that a replicative activity
      representing the pTP-Pol complex was greatly reduced in H5ts149 extracts as
      compared with wild-type extracts, suggesting some alteration in the mutant. A
      pool of pTP free of Pol was detected on these gradients in extracts from both
      wild-type and H5ts149-infected cells. In addition, the initiation and elongation
      of Ad DNA catalyzed by H5ts149 extracts prepared from cells grown at permissive
      temperatures was more labile to urea inactivation than extracts prepared from
      cells infected with wild-type virus. These results, considered together with the
      mapping of the H5ts149 mutation within an open reading frame approximately large
      enough to code for the 140,000-dalton DNA polymerase [Gingeras, T. R., Sciaky,
      D., Gelinas, R. E., Bing-Dong, J., Yen, C. E., Kelly, M. M., Bullock, P. A.,
      Parsons, B. L., O'Neill, K. E. & Roberts, R. J. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 13475
      13491; Alestrom, P., Akusjarui, G., Pettersson, M. & Pettersson, U. (1982) J.
      Biol. Chem. 257, 13492-13498], suggest that the Pol is a virally encoded protein,
      as is the pTP.

PMID- 6572923
TI  - Structure of nuclear ribonucleoprotein: heterogeneous nuclear RNA is complexed
      with a major sextet of proteins in vivo.
AB  - Mouse erythroleukemia cells were pulse-labeled with [3H]uridine and irradiated
      with 254-nm light to produce covalent crosslinks between RNA and proteins in
      close proximity to one another in vivo. Nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles
      containing heterogeneous nuclear RNA were isolated and digested with nucleases,
      and the resulting proteins were subjected to gel electrophoresis. Proteins
      carrying covalently crosslinked [3H]uridine nucleotides were identified by
      fluorography. The results demonstrate that heterogeneous nuclear RNA is complexed
      in vivo with a set of six major proteins having molecular weights between 32,500
      and 41,500. Analysis of chromatin fractions indicates that nascent heterogeneous
      nuclear RNA chains assemble with these six proteins as a very early post
      transcriptional event. These data, and other results [Nevins, J. R. & Darnell, J.
      E. (1981) Cell 15, 1477-1493], lead us to propose the usual order of post
      transcriptional events to be: heterogeneous nuclear RNA-ribonucleoprotein
      particle assembly leads to poly(A) addition leads to splicing.

PMID- 6572924
TI  - In vivo carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of heart metabolism.
AB  - Guinea pig heart metabolism was studied in vivo by 13C NMR at 20.18 MHz. High
      quality proton-decoupled 13C NMR spectra with excellent signal-to-noise ratios
      and resolution could be obtained in 6 min. Natural-abundance spectra showed
      resonances that could be assigned to fatty acids, but glycogen was not seen.
      During intravenous infusion of D-[1-13C]glucose and insulin, the time course of
      myocardial glycogen synthesis was followed serially for up to 4 hr. Anoxia
      resulted in degradation of the labeled glycogen within 6 min and appearance of
      13C label in lactic acid. Infusion of sodium [2-13C]acetate resulted in
      incorporation of label into the C-4, C-2, and C-3 positions of glutamate and
      glutamine, reflecting "scrambling" of the label expected from tricarboxylic acid
      cycle activity. Examination of the 31P NMR spectrum of the guinea pig heart in
      vivo demonstrated no change in the high-energy phosphates during the time periods
      of the 13C NMR experiments. Our studies indicate that 13C NMR is a unique non
      destructive tool for the study of heart metabolism in vivo.

PMID- 6572925
TI  - Headgroup interactions in mixed phospholipid bilayers.
AB  - (2)H NMR methods have been used to study how bilayer-forming phospholipids
      interact with each other at the membrane surface. Aqueous dispersions of
      dimyristoyl-sn-phosphatidylcholine (Myr(2)-PtdCho), dimyristoyl-sn
      phosphatidylethanolamine (Myr(2)-PtdEtn), and dimyristoyl-sn-phosphatidyl-3
      glycerol, specifically deuterated at different positions in their headgroups,
      give well-resolved (2)H NMR powder spectra. These spectra are characteristic of a
      lipid bilayer with quadrupole splittings that are sensitive to the amplitude of
      headgroup motion. In binary mixed bilayers of deuterated lipids with an unlabeled
      component, all parts of the deuterated headgroup monitor the presence of the
      second lipid from changes in the measured quadrupole splittings. The headgroups
      of the charged lipids, dimyristoyl-sn-phosphatidylserine and dimyristoyl-sn
      phosphatidyl-3-glycerol, interact to the largest extent with the choline moiety
      of Myr(2)-PtdCho and the ethanolamine moiety of Myr(2)-PtdEtn, whereas a somewhat
      smaller but still marked alteration in headgroup motion was observed in Myr(2)
      PtdCho/Myr(2)-PtdEtn mixtures. The large changes in the deuterium quadrupole
      splittings for the zwitterionic lipids after addition of a charged lipid suggest
      that either a strong perturbation in the hydrogen bonding occurs or changes take
      place in the water structure at the membrane surface, or possibly both.

PMID- 6572926
TI  - Fibrinogen and fibrin structure and fibrin formation measured by using magnetic
      orientation.
AB  - Accurate birefringence measurements show that fibrinogen orients to a small
      degree in high magnetic fields. This effect can be explained as due to the
      molecule having about 30% (by weight) alpha-helix oriented relatively parallel to
      the long axis. Birefringence measurements on fully oriented fibrin suggest that
      aligned alpha-helical content is less than that estimated for fibrinogen. But
      because of limitations in the analysis this difference must be viewed with
      caution. Highly oriented fibrin results when polymerization takes place slowly in
      a strong magnetic field. Low-angle neutron diffraction patterns from oriented
      fibrin made in the presence of EDTA, made in the presence of calcium, or
      stabilized with factor XIIIa are very similar, showing that the packing of the
      molecules within the fibers is the same or very similar in these different
      preparations. The induced magnetic birefringence was used to follow fibrin
      formation under conditions in which thrombin was rate limiting. The fiber network
      formed by approximately the gelation point constitutes a kind of matrix or frame
      that is largely built upon during the remaining approximately 85% of the
      reaction. After gelation the reaction is pseudo-first order.

PMID- 6572927
TI  - Mechanism of estrogen action: indirect effect of estradiol-17 beta on
      proliferation of quail oviduct cells.
AB  - Experimental data were collected to test whether the effect of estrogens required
      a direct action of the steroid on their target cells for induction of (i) cell
      multiplication and (ii) cell-type-specific protein synthesis. Ovariectomized
      quails were perfused for 24 hr with several doses of estradiol-17beta (E(2))
      (0.05-6.8 ng/min) through either the jugular vein or the portal vein. E(2) plasma
      concentrations increased progressively when the perfusion rate through the
      jugular vein was 0.5 ng/min and higher. With the portal vein, by contrast, E(2)
      plasma concentrations increased over the concentration in unperfused
      ovariectomized animals only when the perfusion rate was above 2 ng/min. An
      increase in DNA concentration per oviduct was observed regardless of the route of
      administration and the rate of perfusion, starting at 0.5 ng/min. Nuclear
      estrophilins increased when E(2) was perfused through the jugular vein at rates
      of 0.5 ng/min or greater. This same parameter was not increased in oviducts of
      quail perfused through the portal vein even at a perfusion rate of 2.0 ng/min.
      Progestophilins were induced in the oviducts of quail perfused through the
      jugular vein at rates of 2 ng/min and above; on the other hand, progestophilins
      were induced in birds perfused through the portal vein at rates above 2 ng/min.
      Ovalbumin was not induced in quail oviducts at any rate and route of perfusion.
      The induction of the synthesis of cell-type-specific protein (progestophilins, in
      this case) seems to require, however, the direct action of E(2). The E(2)
      concentrations effecting the induction of progestophilins were higher than those
      necessary to effect the proliferation of oviduct cells. These results suggest
      that the E(2) effect on cell proliferation is indirect, it involves an
      intermediary step at the liver, and it does not require increased concentration
      of nuclear estrophilins.

PMID- 6572928
TI  - Involvement of spectrin in cell-surface receptor capping in lymphocytes.
AB  - Human and mouse lymphocytes of T- and B-cell lineages express a protein (Mr,
      240,000) that crossreacts with antibodies raised against chicken erythrocyte
      alpha-spectrin as judged by immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and
      immunoautoradiography; by the same criteria, antibodies raised against chicken
      erythrocyte beta-spectrin do not react with any lymphocyte polypeptide. In all T
      and B cells analyzed, before surface-directed ligand challenge with concanavalin
      A and surface immunoglobulins the polypeptide antigenically related to
      erythrocyte alpha-spectrin is distributed diffusely at the plasma membrane. Upon
      challenge, the redistribution of this polypeptide is concurrent with that of the
      cell-surface receptors initially in patches and then in a cap.
      Immunoprecipitation of NaDodSO4-solubilized lymphocytes with erythrocyte alpha
      spectrin antiserum shows that in all cases a polypeptide with the same apparent
      molecular weight as erythrocyte alpha-spectrin is precipitated. Variable amounts
      of another polypeptide (Mr, 235,000) are also coimmunoprecipitated.
      Immunoprecipitations and subsequent immunoautoradiography show that the
      lymphocyte polypeptide doublet has a composition similar to that of (brain)
      fodrin, a polypeptide doublet that previously has been found mainly in the cells
      of nervous tissue.

PMID- 6572929
TI  - Senescent cell antigen is immunologically related to band 3.
AB  - IgG autoantibodies in human serum selectively bind to a glycopeptide antigen that
      appears on senescent and damaged cells in situ. We identified the membrane
      protein from which the senescent cell antigen is derived by using a phagocytosis
      inhibition assay and immunoautoradiographic gel staining and electroblotting
      techniques. Results of the phagocytosis-inhibition assay revealed that only the
      purified transmembrane glycoprotein designated "band 3" and senescent cell
      antigen inhibited the phagocytosis of erythrocytes induced by IgG eluted from
      senescent erythrocytes. Purified spectrin, syndein, band 4.1, actin, glycophorin
      A, and intact or desialylated sialoglycoprotein periodic acid/Schiff (PAS)
      staining bands 1-4 containing glycophorins A, B, and C did not inhibit
      phagocytosis. Specific antibodies against the senescent cell antigen and
      erythrocyte band 3 were used to identify the membrane protein from which the
      senescent cell antigen is derived. Band 3-related polypeptides (MrS approximately
      equal to 60,000, 42,000, and 18-26,000) were identified in erythrocyte ghosts
      prepared in the presence of diisopropyl fluorophosphate, phenylmethylsulfonyl
      fluoride, and EDTA by immunoautoradiography with antiband 3. Antibodies to
      senescent cell antigen reacted with band 3 and the same lower Mr band 3-related
      polypeptides. Thus, the senescent cell antigen is immunologically related to band
      3.

PMID- 6572930
TI  - Dialyzable factor in human serum of platelet origin stimulates endothelial cell
      replication and growth.
AB  - Porcine aortic endothelial cells were isolated and maintained in Dulbecco's
      modified Eagle's medium (DME medium)/10% citrate-treated human plasma. They were
      stimulated by DME medium/10% human serum to grow from a density of 10,100 +/- 500
      per well to a final density of 83,000 +/- 1,800 per well over a 9-day period. On
      the other hand these cells grew poorly (11% increase) in DME medium/10% human
      platelet-poor plasma prepared without chelating agents and containing platelet
      factor 4 at 18 ng/ml by radioimmunoassay. Dialysis of the human serum (M(r)
      cutoff, 3,500) eliminated all the stimulatory activity. The activity recovered
      from the dialysate stimulated growth when added to endothelial cultures in
      conjunction with either dialyzed serum or platelet-poor plasma alone. The
      dialyzable factor could be obtained directly from platelets; both acetic acid
      extracts and boiled NaCl extracts stimulated porcine aortic endothelial cell
      replication. Gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-15 showed that the
      endothelial growth factor had a molecular weight of 700. Partially purified
      material induced a concentration-dependent stimulation of porcine aortic
      endothelial cell replication in the presence of DME medium alone; however,
      simultaneous incubation with platelet-poor plasma resulted in a much greater
      response. Fibroblast growth factor isolated from bovine brain was found to be
      mitogenic only in the presence of nondialyzed serum or of the dialyzable factor
      together with plasma. In the absence of this serum factor, fibroblast growth
      factor had no effect. We conclude that human serum contains a potent endothelial
      cell mitogen of platelet origin. Human plasma that is devoid of platelet content
      does not stimulate endothelial cell growth. This growth factor may be an
      important stimulant of the endothelial cell response to vascular wall injury.

PMID- 6572931
TI  - Biology of Langerhans cells: selective migration of Langerhans cells into
      allogeneic and xenogeneic grafts on nude mice.
AB  - A major question challenging immunobiologists relates to those mechanisms that
      control the selective movement of cells involved in immune and inflammatory
      processes at various tissue sites such as the skin. Little is known about those
      influences that control the selective migration of macrophage-like Langerhans
      cells (LC) to normal epidermis, where it is uniformly distributed.
      Mechanistically, this includes the interaction of blood-borne LC precursors with
      the vascular endothelium of the skin and those factors that control the migration
      of the LC into the avascular epidermal component of the skin. By using (i)
      monoclonal antibodies specific for I-region associated Ia antigens found on LC
      from various inbred strains of animals and (ii) the congenitally athymic (nude)
      mouse as an immunologically compromised recipient of allografts and selected
      xenografts, we developed a model system to study the factors that restrict LC
      migration into the epidermis. Using this model, which excludes the need to
      lethally x-irradiate graft recipients, we established that: (i) the ingress of LC
      does not show major histocompatibility complex restriction [LC of the nude host
      are capable of migrating into the epidermis of allogeneic and certain xenogeneic
      (rat) skin grafts]; (ii) host LC are incapable of migrating into the epidermis of
      guinea pig or human skin grafts; (iii) the ingress of host LC into the epidermis
      of the graft is not accompanied by an overgrowth of the graft by host epidermis;
      and (iv) LC or LC precursors are capable of dividing in the skin or,
      alternatively, represent an extremely long-lived cell population. The specificity
      of this model system provides a powerful tool to help understand many aspects of
      LC biology. Grafting human skin to the nude mouse not only provides a biologic
      support system for the graft but also is, by design, a system that is devoid of
      contaminating circulating precursor cell types. Manipulation of the experimental
      conditions is quite easy and provides a highly specific means to investigate many
      parameters of LC function.

PMID- 6572932
TI  - YAC-1 variant clones selected for resistance to natural killer cytotoxic factors
      are also resistant to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity.
AB  - The possible involvement of natural killer cytotoxic factors (NKCF) in the lytic
      mechanism of natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) was
      investigated by studying the mechanism of NK resistance of variant clones of the
      YAC-1 cell line. The NK-resistant YAC-1 (YAC-R) clones were generated by
      prolonged culture of the initially NK-sensitive YAC-1 cell line in the presence
      of NKCF. The YAC-R clones were resistant to lysis by NKCF as well as lysis by NK
      cells in a CMC assay. The defect was specific for NK CMC because the YAC-R clones
      could still be lysed by alloimmune cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Experiments to
      determine the mechanism of NK resistance of the YAC-R clones indicated that they
      still possessed the NK recognition structures because they formed a normal number
      of conjugates with murine spleen cells. In addition, the YAC-R clones, like the
      parental YAC-1 cell line, were able to stimulate the release of NKCF during co
      culture with spleen cells. However, the YAC-R clones, in contrast to YAC-1 cells,
      were unable to adsorb NKCF from cell-free supernatants of such cultures. Thus, it
      appears that the YAC-R clones are NK resistant due to a deficiency of NKCF
      binding sites. The present studies demonstrate that a NK-sensitive target cell
      must not only be recognized by the NK cell and stimulate release of NKCF but it
      must also bind NKCF for cell lysis to ultimately result. These findings support
      our model for the mechanism of NK CMC in which it is proposed that target cell
      lysis is mediated by NKCF released from the effector cell.

PMID- 6572933
TI  - Polymorphism of human erythrocyte C3b/C4b receptor.
AB  - The human erythrocyte receptor for the major activation fragments of the third
      and fourth components of complement (HuE-C3bR) was isolated from individual
      donors. Erythrocytes were surface labeled with 125I and solubilized in Nonidet P
      40.HuE-C3bR was purified by using C3-Sepharose affinity chromatography and
      analyzed by autoradiography of NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels. Three distinct
      receptor patterns were demonstrated. Type a had a single major band with Mr of
      190,000, type b had a single major band with Mr of 220,000, and type c had two
      major bands of Mr 190,000 and 220,000. In all three types, a minor band
      accounting for less than 25% of the total radioactivity was usually observed at a
      Mr 15,000 greater than that of each major band. Identical autoradiographic
      patterns were obtained by affinity chromatography using methylamine-inactivated
      C4-Sepharose or by immunoprecipitation of solubilized membranes with a monoclonal
      antibody against HuE-C3bR. All three types were distinct after reduction and
      alkylation, although the apparent Mr uniformly increased by approximately equal
      to 30,000. Characterization of HuE-C3bR types in 33 unrelated individuals
      demonstrated that 23 had type a, 1 had type b, and 9 had type c. Family studies
      provide evidence for transmission by two codominant alleles. Thus, in the normal
      population two alleles appear to control expression of HuE-C3bR phenotypes and
      account for the polymorphism of this integral membrane glycoprotein.

PMID- 6572934
TI  - Naturally occurring infection of Pekin duck embryos by duck hepatitis B virus.
AB  - We tested the hypothesis that duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) is a naturally
      occurring congenital infection of Pekin duck embryos. Of 219 embryos, 5-25 days
      after being laid, sera from 30 were found to be positive for endogenous DNA
      polymerase activity characteristic of hepatitis B-related viruses. The presence
      of the duck virus was confirmed by hybridization with cloned DHBV DNA. Viral DNA
      was also found in the livers of embryos incubated for 12 or 18 days.
      Electrophoretically different forms of DHBV DNA were identified in liver extracts
      that were not present in serum. These additional liver forms probably represent
      viral replication intermediates. These observations suggest that the vertical
      route is a major pathway of DHBV transmission and that viral replication may be
      initiated by the 12th day of embryonic life.

PMID- 6572935
TI  - Inhibition of the growth and differentiation of erythroid precursor cells by an
      endotoxin-induced mediator from peritoneal macrophages.
AB  - Conditioned medium from cultures of mouse macrophages incubated with endotoxin in
      a serum-free medium contains an inhibitor of the growth and differentiation of
      erythroid precursor cells of mouse Friend virus-transformed erythroleukemia
      cells. Endotoxin itself has no inhibitory effect. The endotoxin-induced
      macrophage mediator inhibits the growth and differentiation of dimethyl sulfoxide
      , hexamethylenebisacetamide-, butyric acid-, and hypoxanthine-induced cells but
      has no effect on hemin-induced cells. The conditioned medium has its maximal
      inhibitory effect on committed erythroid precursor cells, a decreased effect on
      uncommitted stem cells, and no effect on fully differentiated erythroid cells.
      These results demonstrate that endotoxin stimulation of macrophages leads to the
      production of a humoral factor(s) which is critical for the growth and
      differentiation of erythroid precursor cells.

PMID- 6572936
TI  - Prostaglandin D2, a cerebral sleep-inducing substance in rats.
AB  - We continuously monitored the circadian sleep patterns of unrestrained rats for
      more than 96 hr and infused various prostaglandins into their third ventricles
      for 10 hr to study the effects on inducing sleep. Prostaglandin D2 at 6 fmol/min
      had no effect on either slow wave sleep or paradoxical sleep. However,
      prostaglandin D2 at as little as 60 fmol/min caused a significant amount of
      excess slow wave sleep as compared with the control level during saline infusion.
      Paradoxical sleep was induced by prostaglandin D2 at doses greater than 600
      fmol/min. Prostaglandin D2 (600 fmol/min) increased slow wave sleep by 33% and
      paradoxical sleep by 56%. Although prostaglandin F2 alpha (600 fmol/min)
      increased the amount of slow wave sleep, its activity was less than that of the
      same amount of prostaglandin D2. Prostaglandin E2 (600 fmol/min) had no effect on
      increasing the amounts of both slow wave sleep and paradoxical sleep. During the
      infusion of prostaglandin D2, rats were easily aroused by clap sound stimulation
      and their sleeping and waking postures remained normal. Further, their sleep was
      episodic, as observed in the physiological sleep of rats.

PMID- 6572937
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of actin and microtubule-associated protein MAP2
      in dendritic spines.
AB  - To determine whether dendritic spines contain actin, we evaluated the
      immunocytochemical localization of actin in the hippocampal formation and
      cerebral cortex of the rat. Monoclonal hybridoma antibodies were prepared against
      adult quail breast muscle actin. The culture supernatant of two cell lines (QAB1
      and QAB2) was examined. Both antibodies bound only actin in crude brain
      homogenates, and neither exhibited species specificity. Electron microscopic
      analyses of sections reacted with QAB1 revealed staining of postsynaptic
      densities and dendritic microtubules but little staining of the cytoplasmic
      compartment of spines. However, sections reacted with QAB2 exhibited staining at
      the cytoplasmic compartment of spines as well as the sites stained by QAB1. We
      also evaluated the immunocytochemical distribution of beta-tubulin and high
      molecular weight microtubule-associated protein (MAP2) utilizing monoclonal
      antibodies. MAP2 was found in the dendritic spine as well as in the parent
      dendrite. However, beta-tubulin was found only in the postsynaptic density and in
      the microtubules of the parent dendrite. The combined results indicate that actin
      is present in the spine along with MAP2 and that there is a difference in the
      actin (or the state of actin) in the spine in comparison with other neuronal
      compartments.

PMID- 6572938
TI  - Do tissues other than the kidney produce 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in vivo? A
      reexamination.
AB  - Recent experiments have shown that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-like material is
      produced in cultured nonrenal cells and may be present in the sera of anephric
      patients. We reexamined the question of whether 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 can be
      synthesized extrarenally in the rat in vivo. To intact, sham-operated, ureter
      ligated, or acutely nephrectomized vitamin D-deficient rats raised on a diet
      normal in calcium and phosphorus, we gave a physiologic dose of high-specific
      activity 25-hydroxy-[3H]vitamin D3 (3.6-3.8 microCi; approximately equal to 25
      pmol per rat). Twenty-four hours later we examined their tissues and plasma for
      the presence of radiolabeled 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Large amounts of
      radioactivity that behaved chromatographically as identical with authentic 1,25
      dihydroxyvitamin D3 were present in the plasma, bone, and intestine of the
      intact, sham-operated, or ureter-ligated rats. However, no radioactivity eluting
      in a manner similar to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was found in plasma, bone, or
      intestine of acutely nephrectomized rats. We conclude that, in the acutely
      nephrectomized living rat, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is not present in plasma,
      bone, or intestine in quantities detectable by the sensitive techniques we have
      used. No conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was
      observed during a 24-hr period after nephrectomy of vitamin D-deprived rats. This
      fact casts doubt upon the significance of the in vitro production of 1,25
      dihydroxyvitamin D3 by nonrenal cells as an in vivo phenomenon.

PMID- 6572939
TI  - beta-Hydroxyaspartic acid in vitamin K-dependent protein C.
AB  - Previous work has shown that the light chain of protein C, an anticoagulant
      plasma protein, contains an unusual amino acid [Fernlund, P. & Stenflo, J. (1982)
      J. Biol. Chem. 257, 12170-12179]. To determine the structure of this amino acid a
      heptapeptide, CMCys-Ile-X-Gly-Leu-Gly-Gly (residues 69-75 in the light chain),
      was isolated from enzymatic digests of the light chain. According to automatic
      Edman sequence analysis, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry the
      heptapeptide had beta-hydroxyaspartic acid in its third position, which
      corresponds to position 71 in the light chain of protein C. Analysis of acid and
      aminopeptidase M hydrolysates of the heptapeptide showed the beta-hydroxyaspartic
      acid to be the erythro form. Acid hydrolysis of protein C released approximately
      equal to 1 mol of beta-hydroxyaspartic acid per mol of protein. The function of
      this amino acid, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been found
      previously in proteins, is unknown.

PMID- 6572940
TI  - Crystalline aspartate aminotransferase: lattice-induced functional asymmetry of
      the two subunits.
AB  - The enzymic activity of crystalline mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (L
      aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.1) was determined in
      suspensions of noncrosslinked microcrystals in 30% (wt/vol) polyethylene glycol.
      The crystals (average dimensions, 22 x 5 x 0.8 micron) were small enough to
      preclude diffusional rate limitation. They had the same habit as the triclinic
      crystals used for the determination of the spatial structure of the enzyme by x
      ray crystallographic analysis [Ford, G. C., Eichele, G., and Jansonius, J. N.
      (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77, 2559-2563]. Determination of the Michaelis
      Menten parameters showed that the packing of the enzyme dimer into the crystal
      lattice not only decreases its activity but also induces a functional
      nonequivalence of the two subunits that behave identically in solution. The
      crystalline enzyme possesses a high-affinity subunit with Km values similar to
      those of the enzyme in solution (K'm = 0.5 mM for aspartate and 1.2 mM for 2
      oxoglutarate) and a low-affinity subunit (K'm = 5.5 mM and 14.5 mM,
      respectively). The catalytic activity of the high-affinity subunit is 3% and that
      of the low-affinity subunit is 15% of the activity of the enzyme in solution. The
      functional asymmetry of the crystalline enzyme dimer could also be demonstrated
      by selective mechanism-based modification of either type of active sites. In view
      of the apparently identical conformation of the two subunits in the crystalline
      enzyme, its decreased catalytic efficiency and its functional asymmetry likely
      are due to constraints exerted by the crystal lattice on the conformational
      adaptability of the two subunits. In triclinic crystals the two subunits of the
      enzyme dimer have dissimilar lattice contacts.

PMID- 6572941
TI  - In vitro synthesis of thymosin beta 4 encoded by rat spleen mRNA.
AB  - Thymosin beta 4, containing 43 amino acids and acetylated at the NH2 terminus, is
      synthesized in vitro in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate or in a yeast protein
      synthesis system in the presence of mRNA from rat spleen. The product formed was
      identified as beta 4 by immunoprecipitation by a specific anti-beta 4 antiserum,
      comigration with authentic beta 4 in NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
      and in HPLC, and identity of peptide fragments. The immunoprecipitable product
      generated in the wheat germ protein-synthesizing system emerged slightly ahead of
      beta 4 in HPLC and appeared to lack the NH2-terminal acetyl group. There was no
      evidence for formation of a larger polypeptide precursor of beta 4 in any of the
      three systems used. In sucrose density gradient centrifugation, the mRNA coding
      for beta 4 was recovered in the 7-8S mRNA fraction.

PMID- 6572942
TI  - The distribution of interspersed repeats is nonuniform and conserved in the mouse
      and human genomes.
AB  - We investigated the genomic distribution of mouse and human repeated sequences by
      assessing their relative amounts in the four major components into which these
      genomes can be resolved by density gradient centrifugation techniques. These
      components are families of fragments that account for most or all of main-band
      DNAs, range in dG + dC content from 37% to 49%, and are derived by preparative
      breakage from long DNA segments (greater than 300 kb) of fairly homogeneous
      composition, the isochores. The results indicate that the short repeats of the B1
      family of mouse and of the Alu I family of man are most frequent in the heavy
      components, whereas the long repeats of the BamHI family of mouse and of the Kpn
      I family of man are mainly present in the two light components. These results
      show that the genomic distribution of repeated sequences is nonuniform and
      conserved in two mammalian species. In addition, we observed that the base
      composition of two classes of repeats (60% dG + dC for short repeats; 39% dG + dC
      for long repeats) is correlated with the composition of the major components in
      which they are embedded. Finally, we obtained evidence that not only the short
      repeats but also the long repeats are transcribed, these transcripts having been
      found in mouse poly(A)+ mRNA.

PMID- 6572943
TI  - The sequence (dC-dA)n X (dG-dT)n forms left-handed Z-DNA in negatively
      supercoiled plasmids.
AB  - Z-DNA-specific antibodies have been used to demonstrate the formation of left
      handed Z-DNA in sequences of (dC-dA)32 X (dG-dT)32 in negatively supercoiled
      plasmids. Z-DNA was found to form at physiological negative superhelical
      densities (sigma = -0.05) in the absence of high salt concentration or chemical
      modifications. The binding site of the antibody to the DNA sequences was
      demonstrated by crosslinking experiments. (dC-dA)n X (dG-dT)n sequences are
      widespread in eukaryotic DNA, and possible roles for such Z elements in chromatin
      activation or genome rearrangements are suggested.

PMID- 6572944
TI  - Reversible interconversion between sulfo and desulfo xanthine oxidase in a system
      containing rhodanese, thiosulfate, and sulfhydryl reagent.
AB  - The desulfo form of milk xanthine oxidase (xanthine: oxygen oxidoreductase, EC
      1.2.3.2) was reactivated by incubation with rhodanese (thiosulfate: cyanide
      sulfurtransferase, EC 2.8.1.1), thiosulfate, and sulfhydryl reagent; 50% of full
      activity was recovered. No further reactivation occurred with additional
      incubation. It was also found that native enzyme in the sulfo form with full
      activity was inactivated by incubation with the same system, down to half of full
      activity and no further inactivation occurred. After these incubations the enzyme
      was found to be a mixture of functional and nonfunctional enzymes based on
      spectral changes with xanthine, on [14C]oxipurinol equilibration, and on steady
      state kinetics. The 35S of [35S]thiosulfate was incorporated into desulfo
      xanthine oxidase in parallel with an increase in catalytic activity. Most of the
      35S was cyanolysable but was protected from cyanolysis by pretreatment with
      allopurinol. The 35S was released from 35S-labeled reconstituted xanthine oxidase
      upon incubation with the rhodanese system containing unlabeled thiosulfate.
      However, catalytic activity remained unchanged, indicating that the sulfur atom
      was exchanged during the incubation.

PMID- 6572945
TI  - Isolation and sequence characterization of a cDNA clone of human antithrombin
      III.
AB  - A human liver cDNA library was constructed by using poly(A)-containing RNA
      isolated from a human liver biopsy specimen. This library is comprised of 40,000
      independent transformants with an average inserted DNA length of 1,200 base
      pairs. By using the previously cloned baboon antithrombin III cDNA as a specific
      hybridization probe, greater than 30 human antithrombin III cDNA clones were
      identified from this library. The clone with the longest DNA insert was selected
      for sequence analysis. This antithrombin III cDNA clone contains 1,479 base pairs
      of inserted human DNA and was designated phATIII 113. It contains DNA sequences
      that code for a signal peptide and the entire mature antithrombin III protein
      which is comprised of 432 amino acid residues.

PMID- 6572947
TI  - 5S rRNA gene transcription factor IIIA alters the helical configuration of DNA.
AB  - Relaxation of Xenopus 5S plasmid DNA (pX1o8) in the presence of transcription
      factor (TF) IIIA reduces the linking number of the DNA. Parallel experiments with
      plasmid pMB9 or cloned hepatitis B viral DNA indicate a degree of non-specific
      unwinding by TF; however, 60% of the effect observed for pX1o8 is due to specific
      interaction of TF IIIA with the 5S rRNA gene internal promoter sequence. The
      extent of unwinding (0.2-0.4 helical turn per TF IIIA binding site) is not
      consistent with the complete denaturation of the 50-base-pair TF binding site;
      however, it is consistent with a change in helix rotation, denaturation of 2-4
      nucleotides per binding site, or DNA wrapping about a protein core. We show that
      proteins other than TF IIIA (bovine serum albumin and RNase) have no effect on
      the linking number of DNA when present during relaxation and that the unwinding
      activity associated with TF is heat labile. These results suggest that TF IIIA
      may facilitate transcription by altering the helical configuration of 5S DNA.

PMID- 6572946
TI  - Histone mRNA concentrations are regulated at the level of transcription and mRNA
      degradation.
AB  - The levels of histone mRNA are rapidly reduced after treatment of cultured cells
      with hydroxyurea or cytosine arabinonucleoside. The histone mRNA for the
      replicative histone variants is destroyed rapidly, with a half-life of 10-15 min.
      The levels of mRNA coding for the replacement histone variant H3.3 were unchanged
      after treatment with DNA synthesis inhibitors. In addition to the rapid
      destruction of histone mRNA, there was a reduction to 1/5th in the rate of
      transcription of the histone genes. Lymphoma cells (S49) arrested in G1 by cyclic
      AMP produce and contain significant levels of histone mRNA. Hydroxyurea reduces
      the rate of transcription and the levels of histone mRNA in the G1-arrested
      cells.

PMID- 6572948
TI  - In vitro translation and characterization of a unique histidine-rich protein mRNA
      in the avian malaria parasite Plasmodium lophurae.
AB  - The histidine-rich protein (HRP) of the avian malaria parasite Plasmodium
      lophurae contains 70% histidine. It is found in dense cytoplasmic granules and
      during the erythrocytic cycle it accumulates to represent 10% of the dry weight
      of the parasite. In the present work the HRP mRNA was studied by in vitro
      translation and by the use of a polyhistidine oligonucleotide probe. The HRP mRNA
      contains 2,000-2,100 nucleotides encoding a protein with an apparent molecular
      weight of 50,000. In addition a HRP of molecular weight 35,000-40,000 is also
      produced in vitro, probably as a result of proteolytic cleavage of the molecular
      weight 50,000 polypeptide which corresponds to in vivo labeled and purified HRP.
      The HRP represents a much larger proportion of the in vitro products synthesized
      in the homologous cell-free system compared to the rabbit reticulocyte system,
      and it reflects more closely the pattern of protein synthesis seen in vivo. In
      addition, HRP mRNA is more abundant in polysomes isolated from young parasites
      than in polysomes from mature schizonts. These results indicate that the HRP
      accumulates as a result of amplified translation of its mRNA at certain stages of
      its erythrocytic cycle.

PMID- 6572949
TI  - Modulation of the kinetics of cholesterol side-chain cleavage by an activator and
      by an inhibitor isolated from the cytosol of the cortex of bovine adrenals.
AB  - Two modulators of sterol side-chain cleavage activity have been detected in the
      cytosol from the cortex of bovine adrenals. One is an inhibitor of side-chain
      cleavage which increases the Km of a purified and reconstituted mitochondrial
      side-chain cleavage system for both cholesterol and cholesterol sulfate. It also
      lowers the Vmax of cleavage when cholesterol sulfate is the substrate. The other
      modulator is a low molecular weight protein which in the reconstituted system
      increases the Vmax of cleavage for both substrates but does not affect the Km of
      either. Side-chain cleavage activity was also found in bovine adrenocortical
      cytosol and this appears to differ from that present in mitochondria.

PMID- 6572950
TI  - Bathorhodopsin intermediates from 11-cis-rhodopsin and 9-cis-rhodopsin.
AB  - Bathorhodopsin-rhodopsin difference spectra of native 11-cis-rhodopsin and
      regenerated 9-cis-rhodopsin were measured at room temperature with a double-beam
      laser spectrophotometer after excitation at 532 nm. A detailed analysis of data
      obtained at 85 psec after excitation suggests that the bathorhodopsins generated
      from 11-cis- and 9-cis-rhodopsin differ in their extinction coefficients and that
      their absorption maxima are shifted in wavelength by about 10 nm from one
      another. The ratio of quantum yields for photochemical production of the 11-cis
      bathorhodopsin and the 9-cis-bathorhodopsin approximates 1. Implications that the
      early photochemical processes in vision are more complex than previously
      considered are explored.

PMID- 6572951
TI  - Inhibitors of endocytosis perturb phospholipid metabolism in rabbit neutrophils
      and other cells.
AB  - Dansylcadaverine, amantadine, and rimantadine, which have been shown to inhibit
      the endocytosis of alpha 2-macroglobulin, epidermal growth factor, and vesicular
      stomatitis virus [Schlegel, R., Dickson, R. B., Willingham, M. C. & Pastan, I.
      (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 2291-2295], were found to decrease
      phosphatidylcholine synthesis, chemotaxis, and internalization of a formylated
      peptide but to stimulate the incorporation of inositol into phosphatidylinositol
      in rabbit neutrophils. Dansylcadaverine decreased phosphatidylcholine synthesis
      by both the CDP-choline and transmethylation pathways and also inhibited the
      synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine by the CDP-ethanolamine pathway.
      Dansylcadaverine had no effect on the phosphocholine, CDP-choline, or S-adenosyl
      L-homocysteine pools but increased 2-fold the S-adenosyl-L-methionine pool. These
      results suggest that dansylcadaverine in some manner inhibited the condensation
      of CDP-choline with diacylglycerol to form phosphatidylcholine. Dansylcadaverine
      also inhibited phosphatidylcholine synthesis in human neutrophils, human
      fibroblasts, chicken embryo fibroblasts, rat hepatocytes, osteosarcoma cells, and
      neuroblastoma cells. It did not stimulate phosphatidylinositol synthesis in
      chicken embryo fibroblasts.

PMID- 6572952
TI  - Cells injected with guanosine 5'-[alpha, beta-methylene]triphosphate, an alpha,
      beta-nonhydrolyzable analog of GTP, show anomalous patterns of tubulin
      polymerization affecting cell translocation, intracellular movement, and the
      organization of Golgi elements.
AB  - Injection of the alpha, beta-nonhydrolyzable GTP analog, guanosine 5'-[alpha,
      beta-methylene]triphosphate (pp[CH2]pG) into PtK2, A549, and Swiss 3T3 cells
      produced dramatic changes in the normal pattern of long radiating microtubules
      displayed by the cells before injection. Injection of pp[CH2]pG into cells
      growing in normal medium resulted in the formation of microtubule bundles
      resistant to depolymerization by Colcemid and calcium. Cells injected with
      pp[CH2]pG after incubation with Colcemid for 2 hr showed polymerization of
      tubulin into long wavy ribbons within 2 hr after injection. Removal of Colcemid 1
      hr after the injection of pp[CH2]pG resulted in assembly of tubulin into short
      single randomly oriented microtubules. All cells injected with pp[CH2]pG showed
      impeded translocation and restriction or absence of intracellular movement.
      pp[CH2]pG also prevented the fragmentation of Golgi elements in A549 cells
      treated with Colcemid. Cells first treated with Colcemid and then injected with
      pp[CH2]pG failed to reassemble the Golgi elements after the removal of Colcemid.
      Cells in intimate membrane contact with cells injected with pp[CH2]pG showed
      similar changes in microtubule polymerization, cell movement, and organization of
      Golgi elements.

PMID- 6572953
TI  - Stabilization of erythrocyte membranes by polyamines.
AB  - Using a laser diffraction technique, we have studied the effects of putrescine,
      spermidine, and spermine, the three physiologic polyamines, on the deformability
      and mechanical stability of human erythrocyte membranes. Ghosts resealed with
      polyamines were subjected to high fluid shear stress in an ektacytometer. All
      polyamines increased the membrane shear modulus (decreased deformability) in a
      concentration- and time-dependent manner. The order of effectiveness was spermine
      greater than spermidine greater than putrescine. At 10 microM, spermine
      appreciably decreased membrane deformability. For the measurement of membrane
      mechanical stability, resealed ghosts were subjected to constant high shear
      stress in the ektacytometer and deformability was continuously recorded as the
      deformable ghosts fragmented into rigid spherical vesicles. Polyamines,
      especially spermine, caused a noticeable increase in the t1/2 for fragmentation.
      These effects could not be ascribed to proteolysis or Ca2+-induced
      transglutamination. That the effects of polyamines were specific and not simply
      due to their positive charge was demonstrated by the finding that Ca2+ and Mg2+
      destabilized the erythrocyte membrane as evidenced by decreasing the t1/2 for
      fragmentation. Extracellular polyamines were not effective except under
      conditions that caused significant accumulation inside the cell. The data
      indicate that intracellular physiologic polyamines, especially spermine, decrease
      erythrocyte membrane deformability and stabilize the membrane skeleton, making it
      more resistant to fragmentation.

PMID- 6572954
TI  - Novel B family sequence from an early chorion cDNA library of Bombyx mori.
AB  - A cDNA library has been constructed from transcripts present during the early
      stages of choriogenesis in the silk-moth, Bombyx mori. Clones representing novel
      sequences were selected by screening the library with (i) homotypic cDNA, (ii)
      rDNA and typical chorion probes of the A and B multigene families and (iii)
      selected clones from the library, which were positive in step (i) but negative in
      step (ii); this third step identified clones that hybridized to distinct subsets
      of the library. The sequence of one such clone was determined and shown to
      represent a novel subfamily of the B chorion multigene family, exclusively
      expressed during the early choriogenic period.

PMID- 6572955
TI  - Evolution: questions for the modern theory.
AB  - The blind spot of the present generation of evolutionists is failure to see the
      consequences and limits of natural selection. Darwinian natural selection is a
      costly process of differential elimination of individuals. The widely accepted
      misdefinition of natural selection as differential reproduction mistakenly hides
      the Darwinian process and its cost. And current theories of selfish genes,
      inclusive fitness, and kin selection are incompatible with Darwinian selection.
      Implicitly, if not explicitly, they postulate genes that favor themselves but
      reduce the Darwinian fitness of the individuals carrying them. Such genes would
      not survive; they would eliminate themselves by causing the selective elimination
      of their carriers. Critical questions that evolutionists should be asked are
      suggested. My own "unhappy conclusion" is that, because most biologists have
      forgotten what natural selection is, much current evolutionary and
      sociobiological theory presented by the most influential evolutionists is
      mistaken and dangerous. Anthropologists and sociologists are wise to distrust it.

PMID- 6572956
TI  - Modular structural units, exons, and function in chicken lysozyme.
AB  - By the application of the same algorithm for finding compact structural units
      encoded by exons as applied previously to hemoglobin, five units, M1-M5, were
      identified in chicken egg white lysozyme. They consist of residues 1-30, 31-55,
      56-84, 85-108, and 109-129, respectively. I call these compact structural units
      "modules." As in hemoglobin, modules thus identified correspond well to exons-
      i.e., modules M1, M2 plus M3, M4, and M5 correspond to exons 1, 2, 3, and 4 of
      the lysozyme gene, respectively. Localization of the catalytic sites glutamic
      acid-35 and aspartic acid-52 on the module M2 suggests that this module might
      have worked as a functional unit in a primitive lysozyme. The good correspondence
      between exons and modules reinforces the idea of "proteins in pieces," which was
      derived from the fact of "genes in pieces." The evolutionary origin of the
      introns in globins and lysozyme is discussed.

PMID- 6572958
TI  - Paradox of the evolution of communication and of social interactivity.
AB  - Communication between individuals of a species is likely to increase the capacity
      to acquire skills useful for survival and propagation and thus may confer
      important selective advantages. Since interaction occurs between two or more
      individuals, the selective process is frequency dependent, and the analysis shows
      that communication cannot initially increase at a reasonable rate when it is
      limited to random unrelated individuals, so that it is likely to abort for
      stochastic reasons. However, this bottleneck is removed if the communication
      process takes place in the nuclear family or among close relatives or if
      aggregation of communicators occurs because of assortative mating or meeting. Use
      of the individual conditional fitnesses we have introduced earlier permits an
      exact analysis. We show that, in general, the initial rate of increase can be
      geometric if and only if, in the class of selective models considered, the
      conditional probability of a communicator interacting with another contains a
      positive constant term. In our discussion of communication, cost factors for the
      act of communication have been omitted. However, the model has been generalized
      to include cooperativeness, and also altruism, or competition, by introducing
      costs. There is a close relationship among these situations, and the same
      considerations about the initial bottleneck and its resolution also extend to
      them. The models given here are for haploids but they extend to diploids and the
      conclusions are similar.

PMID- 6572957
TI  - Cellular myc oncogene is altered by chromosome translocation to an immunoglobulin
      locus in murine plasmacytomas and is rearranged similarly in human Burkitt
      lymphomas.
AB  - Molecular cloning has recently established that the 15;12 chromosome
      translocations in murine plasmacytomas fuse DNA from chromosome 15 to the
      immunoglobulin heavy (H) chain locus, usually within the switch recombination
      region near the alpha constant region gene. We show here that the incoming DNA
      bears the cellular gene (c-myc) homologous to the oncogene (v-myc) of avian
      retrovirus MC29. In human Burkitt lymphomas bearing an 8;14 translocation, c-myc
      was also rearranged, apparently (in at least two cases) to an H chain switch
      recombination region (mu or alpha), and both products of a reciprocal chromosome
      exchange were detectable. Both the murine and human c-myc genes contain two exons
      homologous to v-myc, and additional 5' and 3' murine genomic segments (apparent
      exons) were defined by hybridization to c-myc mRNAs. In plasmacytomas, chromosome
      breakpoints fall near or within the 5' exon and apparently disrupt the normal c
      myc transcriptional unit, because plasmacytoma c-myc mRNAs differ from the mRNA
      in lines without c-myc rearrangement. The translocated gene presumably has lost
      its normal 5' regulatory sequences and may well encode an altered myc
      polypeptide. We propose that altered expression of the c-myc gene, induced by
      translocation to an immunoglobulin locus, is a critical oncogenic event for these
      B lymphoid tumors. Two events may be required, because the plasmacytoma oncogene
      capable of transforming fibroblasts is not c-myc.

PMID- 6572959
TI  - Generation of human monoclonal antibodies reactive with cellular antigens.
AB  - Human lymphocytes from lymph node, peripheral blood, spleen, and tumor specimens
      have been fused with the LICR-LON-HMy2 (LICR-2) or SKO-007 human cell lines or
      the NS-1 mouse myeloma line. Over 75 fusions with the three myeloma
      lymphoblastoid lines have been performed. Several factors appeared to improve the
      fusion outcome, including maintenance of the myeloma-lymphoblastoid lines in
      logarithmic phase growth at greater than or equal to 95% viability, a delay of 24
      hr in the introduction of aminopterin to the fused cells, and preselection of the
      fetal calf serum used in the medium. For a given number of lymphocytes, fusions
      with NS-1 produced 5-20 times more clones than fusions with LICR-2 or SKO-007,
      and LICR-2 produced 4 times as many clones as SKO-007. The percentage of clones
      secreting human immunoglobulin, the range of immunoglobulin production, and the
      proportion of IgM, IgA, and IgG secretors were comparable for clones derived from
      the three myeloma-lymphoblastoid lines. Stable Ig-secreting clones were isolated
      with approximately equal frequency from LICR-2 and NS-1 fusions. A number of
      stable clones producing human monoclonal antibodies reacting with cell-surface,
      cytoplasmic, or nuclear antigens have been isolated from tumor-bearing patients
      and normal individuals. A surface antigenic system present on normal and
      malignant cells has been defined with a human monoclonal antibody derived from a
      patient with breast cancer. Techniques for producing human monoclonal antibody
      now appear to be sufficiently advanced to initiate a serological dissection of
      the humoral immune response to cancer.

PMID- 6572960
TI  - Macrophage activation: dissociation of cytotoxic activity from Ia-A antigen
      expression.
AB  - Peritoneal macrophages were obtained from DBA/2 mice that were untreated or after
      the injection of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), thioglycollate broth, proteose
      peptone broth, or gamma-irradiated P-815 tumor cells. These macrophages were
      "activated" to become cytotoxic for a fibroblast cell line (L 929) by the
      addition of lymphokines (LKs), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or fibroblast interferon
      (IFN-beta), and the expression of I region-associated antigens (Ia-Ad) on the
      macrophages was examined both before and after activation. Thioglycollate
      elicited macrophages became Ia-A+ when activated by LKs, but they remained Ia-A-
      when activated by LPS or IFN-beta. Resident macrophages and proteose-peptone
      elicited macrophages remained Ia-A- when activated with LKs. Macrophages from BCG
      infected mice were both Ia-A+ and cytotoxic for tumor cells without further
      treatment. In contrast, macrophages from mice injected with gamma-irradiated P
      815 mastocytoma cells were Ia-A+ but not cytotoxic, and these macrophages could
      not be made cytotoxic by incubation with LKs. The cultured macrophage-like cell
      lines P388D1 and WEHI-3 became Ia-A+ after incubation with LKs, and this
      treatment amplified the cytotoxicity of both cell lines. We conclude that a
      number of factors are important in determining whether Ia-A expression
      accompanies macrophage activation and that Ia-A is irrelevant as a surface marker
      for macrophage activation.

PMID- 6572961
TI  - Dopamine stimulation of phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) biosynthesis in rat brain
      neurons.
AB  - Rat brain synaptosomes contain enzymes, phosphatidylethanolamine N
      methyltransferase(s) (EC 2.1.1.17), that catalyze the methylation of endogenous
      phosphatidylethanolamine to form its mono-, di-, and trimethyl (i.e.,
      phosphatidylcholine) derivatives. We observe that the activity of these enzymes
      is enhanced when synaptosomes are incubated with catecholamines: 0.1 mM dopamine
      increases incorporation of [3H]methyl groups into
      monomethylphosphatidylethanolamine, dimethylphosphatidylethanolamine, and
      phosphatidylcholine by factors of 1.7, 1.3, and 2.1, respectively, and 0.1 mM
      norepinephrine increases [3H]methyl incorporation into
      monomethylphosphatidylethanolamine and dimethylphosphatidylethanolamine by
      factors of 1.6 and 2.1, respectively. Stimulation by dopamine, which is observed
      at concentrations as low as 1 microM, is blocked by haloperidol.

PMID- 6572962
TI  - Complete mRNA coding sequence of the acetylcholine binding alpha-subunit of
      Torpedo marmorata acetylcholine receptor: a model for the transmembrane
      organization of the polypeptide chain.
AB  - A 1,350-base-pair-long cDNA clone, named p alpha-2, was isolated by hybridization
      to the previously characterized clone p alpha-1 and found to be specific for the
      alpha-subunit of the Torpedo marmorata acetylcholine receptor. The nucleotide
      sequences of both cDNA inserts were analyzed and the sequence of the complete
      coding region and part of the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the alpha-chain
      mRNA was determined. The complete amino acid sequence of the alpha-chain
      precursor is presented and used to develop a model for the transmembrane
      organization of the polypeptide.

PMID- 6572963
TI  - Chemical evidence that catecholamines are transported across the chromaffin
      granule membrane as noncationic species.
AB  - Catecholamines are transported into chromaffin granules by a Mg2+/ATP-driven
      process under conditions in which the substrate exists primarily as a positively
      charged or neutral species. In order to distinguish between these two states, we
      studied the transport properties of a permanently charged quaternary analogue of
      epinephrine, (R,S)-dimethylepinephrine. We found that this compound was a
      classical competitive inhibitor of (R)-[3H]norepinephrine uptake, with a Ki of
      3.8 mM for the racemic form, or 1.9 mM for the R form. However, the
      [3H]dimethylepinephrine was not transported at all into granules. Our control for
      steric hindrance as an explanation for deficient translocation was analysis of
      the transport properties of isoproterenol, a secondary catecholamine with an
      isopropyl group around the amine residue. (R)-Isoproterenol was an effective
      competitive inhibitor of (R)-[3H]norepinephrine transport, with a Ki of 91
      microM. In contrast to dimethylepinephrine, (R,S)-[3H]isoproterenol was clearly
      translocated across the granule membrane, with a Km of 123 microM, or 61.5 microM
      for the R isomer. Thus, the positive charge on dimethylepinephrine and not the
      size of the amine moiety appeared to be responsible for the lack of
      translocation. We interpret these data to indicate that, although the positively
      charged species can interact with the transport site, an uncharged species is the
      one actually transported.

PMID- 6572964
TI  - Three human transforming genes are related to the viral ras oncogenes.
AB  - Three distinct transforming genes present in human tumor cell lines are all
      related to the viral oncogenes of Harvey and Kirsten murine sarcoma viruses,
      designated v-H-ras and v-K-ras, respectively. The transforming gene of a bladder
      carcinoma cell line has been shown to be a human homolog to v-H-ras [Parada, L.
      F., Tabin, C. J., Shih, C. & Weinberg, R. A. (1982) Nature (London) 297, 474-478;
      Santos, E., Tronick, S. R., Aaronson, S. A., Pulciani, S. & Barbacid, M. (1982)
      Nature (London) 298, 343-347]. The transforming gene common to one colon (SK-CO
      1) and two lung carcinoma (SK-LU-1 and Calu-1) cell lines is the same human
      homolog of v-K-ras as is the transforming gene previously identified in a lung
      carcinoma cell line Lx-1 [Der, C. J., Krontiris, T. G. & Cooper, G. M. (1982)
      Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 3637-3640]. The transforming gene of SK-N-SH
      neuroblastoma cells is weakly homologous to both v-H-ras and v-K-ras. NIH 3T3
      cells transformed with the SK-N-SH transforming gene contain increased levels of
      a protein serologically and structurally related to the protein products of the v
      H-ras and v-K-ras genes. Therefore, it represents a third member of the ras gene
      family, which we have called N-ras. Based on the homology with the v-ras genes,
      we have established the orientation of transcription and approximate coding
      regions of the cloned human K-ras and N-ras genes.

PMID- 6572965
TI  - Cloning of cDNA encoding the pre-beta subunit of mouse thyrotropin.
AB  - Double-stranded cDNA was synthesized from sucrose gradient-purified poly(A)+ mRNA
      from a mouse thyrotropic tumor, inserted into the Pst I site of plasmid pBR322 by
      using poly(dC) . poly(dG) homopolymeric extensions, and cloned in Escherichia
      coli RRI. Plasmids containing cDNA sequences coding for the beta subunit of
      thyrotropin (TSH) were identified by cell-free translation of hybrid-selected
      mRNA and immunoprecipitation with specific antibody to TSH beta subunit.
      Determination of the nucleotide sequence of one cDNA, 595 base pairs in length,
      allowed us to deduce the entire amino acid sequence of the mouse TSH beta
      subunit. The pre-beta subunit contains a 20-amino acid amino-terminal signal
      sequence followed by a 118-amino acid mature TSH beta subunit. There is 85-90%
      homology in amino acid sequence between mouse TSH beta subunit and subunits from
      man, pig, and cow; however, the mouse subunit contains an additional 5 or 6 amino
      acids at its carboxyl terminus compared to the bovine or human and pig subunits,
      respectively. TSH beta-subunit mRNA from mouse thyrotropic tumor was estimated to
      be 750 nucleotides in length by hybridization with labeled TSH beta-subunit cDNA.

PMID- 6572966
TI  - Overproduction of a bifunctional thymidylate synthetase-dihydrofolate reductase
      and DNA amplification in methotrexate-resistant Leishmania tropica.
AB  - Leishmania tropica promastigotes that are highly resistant to methotrexate, a
      dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, have been developed. Organisms resistant to 1
      mM methotrexate have a 40-fold increase in dihydrofolate reductase which is
      associated with thymidylate synthetase, and they contain amplified regions of DNA
      that may be directly visualized on stained gels of restriction digests. The
      amplified DNA in these organisms is about 56 kilobases in length, has a copy
      number about 80-fold higher than that of wild-type organisms, and constitutes
      about 10% of the nuclear DNA. When the methotrexate-resistant L. tropica are
      propagated in drug-free medium, the dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate
      synthetase protein and the amplified DNA decrease in a parallel fashion until
      they are indistinguishable from the levels in wild-type organisms. However, when
      these apparent revertants are again challenged with 1 mM methotrexate, enzyme
      overproduction and DNA amplification occur rapidly. As in mammalian cells, it
      appears that drug resistance in parasitic protozoa may be mediated by gene
      amplification.

PMID- 6572967
TI  - Cooperative model for the binding of Xenopus transcription factor A to the 5S RNA
      gene.
AB  - 7S particles containing 5S RNA and the transcription regulatory protein factor A
      have been purified to near homogeneity from Xenopus laevis oocytes. The binding
      of the transcription factor to the Xenopus borealis somatic 5S RNA gene has been
      monitored by quantitating the DNase I protection patterns of the protein-DNA
      interaction. Under stoichiometric binding conditions--i.e., when all added DNA
      binds to the factor--two protein molecules are required to saturate the 5S RNA
      gene. Under equilibrium binding conditions, titration of the 5S RNA gene with
      factor A results in a sigmoidal binding isotherm suggesting a cooperative
      interaction; half-saturation of binding is observed at a free factor A
      concentration of 1 nM. Cooperative binding between factor A and the 5S RNA gene
      may contribute to the stability of the transcription apparatus and its
      maintenance during cell division.

PMID- 6572968
TI  - Genes for catecholamine biosynthesis: cloning by expression and identification of
      the cDNA for rat dopamine beta-hydroxylase.
AB  - mRNA for dopamine beta-hydroxylase [3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine,
      ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating), EC 1.14.17.1] has been
      partially purified from poly(A)+ mRNA isolated from a rat pheochromocytoma cell
      line. Shared antigenic determinants between tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine
      beta-hydroxylase allowed us to obtain enriched fractions of dopamine beta
      hydroxylase mRNA by immunoprecipitating translated mRNA products with tyrosine
      hydroxylase antisera. The enriched dopamine beta-hydroxylase mRNA was used to
      synthesize the corresponding cDNAs, which were then cloned in the Pst I site of
      pBR322. Recombinant colonies were characterized by an in situ colony immunoassay
      and hybrid-selected translation. In vitro translation of the mRNA selected from
      one recombinant clone produced a protein of 75,000 daltons that comigrated with
      authentic dopamine beta-hydroxylase. Partial proteolysis of both authentic
      dopamine beta-hydroxylase and the protein encoded by the recombinant clone
      produced identical peptide patterns.

PMID- 6572969
TI  - Regulation of catabolism of microinjected ribonuclease A requires the amino
      terminal 20 amino acids.
AB  - RNase A introduced into the cytoplasm of IMR-90 human diploid fibroblasts by
      erythrocyte-mediated microinjection is degraded with a half-life of approximately
      equal to 75 hr in the presence of fetal bovine serum. In response to serum
      deprivation the degradative rate of microinjected RNase A is enhanced 2-fold.
      RNase S protein (amino acids 21-124) is degraded with a half-life similar to that
      of RNase A in the presence of serum, but its catabolism is not increased during
      serum withdrawal. Reconstitution of RNase S protein with RNase S peptide (amino
      acids 1-20) restored full enzymatic activity to the S protein as well as the
      ability of fibroblasts to increase its catabolism during serum deprivation.
      Finally, RNase S peptide microinjected alone shows the full 2-fold increase in
      degradative rate during serum withdrawal. These results show that recognition of
      RNase A for enhanced breakdown during serum deprivation is based on some feature
      of its amino-terminal 20 amino acids. Furthermore, our results indicate that the
      enhanced protein catabolism during serum deprivation can be highly selective.

PMID- 6572970
TI  - Sequence dependence of hydrogen exchange kinetics in DNA duplexes at the
      individual base pair level in solution.
AB  - The kinetics for hydrogen exchange at individual base pairs in self-complementary
      deoxydodecanucleotide duplexes have been estimated from NMR saturation recovery
      measurements on the resolved imino protons as a function of temperature. The
      imino protons of dA . dT base pairs in the center of the fully alternating d(C-G
      C-G-T-A-T-A-C-G-C-G) duplex exchange a factor of 2- to 3-fold faster than the
      corresponding protons at the same positions in the partially alternating d(C-G-C
      G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G) duplex. These exchange parameters are a direct measure of the
      rate constants for transient opening of individual dA . dT base pairs in the
      dodecanucleotide duplexes and demonstrate faster opening kinetics for the "TATA"
      box region compared to the related "AATT" segment.

PMID- 6572971
TI  - Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for rat angiotensinogen.
AB  - A mixture of tetradecamer oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to the codons
      specifying the carboxyl-terminal sequence, Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His, of angiotensin
      was chemically synthesized as two pools and used for the isolation of a cDNA
      clone specific for angiotensinogen from a cDNA bank of rat liver mRNA sequences.
      The two pools (oligo 1 and oligo 2), each containing 24
      oligodeoxyribonucleotides, were first used as primers to initiate reverse
      transcription of rat liver mRNA. One of the pools (oligo 1) was found to prime a
      specific 32P-labeled cDNA of approximately 160 nucleotides that contained the
      anticoding sequence corresponding exactly to the amino acid sequence of rat
      angiotensin. This cDNA, in turn, was used to rescreen cDNA clones that were
      isolated by initially selecting the rat liver cDNA bank by hybridization with the
      oligo 1 mixture. One clone thus obtained, designated pRag16, was subjected to
      nucleotide sequence analysis and verified to contain a nearly full-length cDNA
      sequence coding for rat angiotensinogen precursor. The deduced amino acid
      sequence indicates that the precursor molecular consists of angiotensinogen of
      453 amino acid residues and a putative signal peptide of 24 amino acid residues.
      The predicted molecular weight and amino acid composition of angiotensinogen
      agree well with those determined by using the purified protein. An angiotensin
      moiety is located at the amino-terminal part of angiotensinogen, preceded
      directly by the signal peptide and followed by a large carboxyl-terminal sequence
      that contains two internally homologous sequences and three potential
      glycosylation sites.

PMID- 6572972
TI  - Regulation of the pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA levels in rat pituitary by
      dopaminergic compounds.
AB  - Dopamine-containing neurons directly innervate the intermediate lobe of the
      pituitary and dopaminergic compounds exert inhibitory effects on the secretion
      and the content of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and beta-endorphin in
      this tissue. In this study, we have investigated the effects of dopamine receptor
      agonists and antagonists on the level of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA in rat
      pituitary. RNAs isolated from neurointermediate pituitary (NIP) or anterior
      pituitary were spotted on nitrocellulose filters and the levels of POMC mRNA were
      quantified by hybridization to a POMC-specific complementary DNA probe coupled
      with autoradiography and densitometry. Administration of a dopamine receptor
      antagonist, haloperidol (2 mg/kg per day), to adult female rats resulted in a 3-
      to 5-fold increase in POMC mRNA level in the NIP. Treatment with the dopamine
      agonist 2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine (1 mg/kg per day) decreased significantly the
      content of POMC mRNA in the NIP. These drugs had no apparent effect on the POMC
      mRNA levels in the anterior pituitary. The effect of haloperidol and ergocryptine
      on POMC mRNA in the NIP is time- and dose-dependent. The elevation of POMC mRNA
      content in the NIP by haloperidol can be observed as early as 6 hr after
      treatment. These effects of dopaminergic compounds can also be demonstrated in
      adult male and ovariectomized female rats. The beta-endorphin content of the NIP,
      as measured by radioimmunoassay, and the de novo synthesis of POMC, as determined
      by radioactive amino acid labeling and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
      analysis, also show negative regulation by dopaminergic compounds.

PMID- 6572973
TI  - Total synthesis of insulin-like growth factor I (somatomedin C).
AB  - Human insulin-like growth factor I (somatomedin C) with 70 amino acid residues
      and three disulfide bridges has been synthesized by the solid-phase method. The
      synthetic product behaves as a pure polypeptide in paper electrophoresis,
      isoelectric focusing, and high-performance liquid chromatography, Its elution
      behavior in Sephadex G-50, isoelectric point, amino acid composition, and growth
      stimulating activity in bovine adrenal cortical cells or granulosa cells are
      comparable to those reported for the natural product. In radioimmunoassay, the
      synthetic product is indistinguishable from the natural hormone when either
      synthetic or natural product is used as the labeled ligand.

PMID- 6572974
TI  - Nanosecond absorption spectroscopy of hemoglobin: elementary processes in kinetic
      cooperativity.
AB  - A nanosecond absorption spectrometer has been used to measure the optical spectra
      of hemoglobin between 3 ns and 100 ms after photolysis of the CO complex. The
      data from a single experiment comprise a surface, defined by the time-ordered set
      of 50-100 spectra. Singular value decomposition is used to represent the observed
      spectra in terms of a minimal set of basis spectra and the time course of their
      amplitudes. Both CO rebinding and conformational changes are found to be
      multiphasic. Prior to the quaternary structural change, two relaxations are
      observed that are assigned to geminate recombination followed by a tertiary
      structural change. These relaxations are interpreted in terms of a kinetic model
      that points out their potential role in kinetic cooperativity. The rapid escape
      of CO from the heme pocket compared with the rate of rebinding observed for both
      R and T quaternary states shows that the quaternary structure controls the
      overall dissociation rate by changing the rate at which the Fe--CO bond is
      broken. A comparable description of the control of the overall association rates
      must await a more complete experimental description of the kinetics of the
      quaternary T state.

PMID- 6572975
TI  - Immunospecific vesicle targeting facilitates microinjection into lymphocytes.
AB  - Antibody-directed targeting of vesicles to cells dramatically enhances
      polyethylene glycol-mediated fusion and microinjection. Sealed erythrocyte
      ghosts, containing fluorescent bovine serum albumin, were targeted to murine
      spleen and thymus cells, and to lymphocyte, monocyte, and fibroblast cell lines.
      In all cases, targeted cell populations showed substantial levels of
      microinjection, whereas populations treated with the fusogen in the absence of
      targeting were not significantly microinjected. To achieve attachment of vesicles
      to selected cells, the cells were first labeled with biotin-modified antibody
      then treated with sealed ghosts prepared from avidin-coupled erythrocytes. This
      procedure should prove useful when the injection of specific cell populations is
      desired, or with cell types such as lymphocytes that are difficult to fuse, or
      when the use of limited reagents necessitates high injection efficiencies.

PMID- 6572976
TI  - Decreased de novo synthesis of glomerular proteoglycans in diabetes: biochemical
      and autoradiographic evidence.
AB  - The experimental model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats was utilized to
      determine the biosynthetic and biochemical alterations in the proteoglycans of
      the glomerular extracellular matrices (glomerular basement membrane and mesangial
      matrix) in diabetic nephropathy. Isolated kidneys from diabetic and control
      groups of animals were radiolabeled in an organ perfusion apparatus with
      [35S]sulfate of high specific activity (greater than 1,200 Ci/mmol; 1 Ci = 3.7 x
      10(10) Bq) and processed for electron microscopic autoradiography, and the
      proteoglycans of the glomerular extracellular matrices were characterized. The
      results indicate that [35S]sulfate incorporation into glomerular extracellular
      matrices of diabetic animals was 30-40% less than that of the control group;
      however, no differences in the biochemical properties of the de novo synthesized
      proteoglycans from either group were observed. The relevance of the decreased de
      novo synthesis of sulfated proteoglycans of glomerular extracellular matrices is
      discussed in terms of increased glomerular permeability to plasma proteins and
      reduction in the glomerular filtration rate.

PMID- 6572977
TI  - Erythroleukemia cells: variants inducible for hemoglobin synthesis without
      commitment to terminal cell division.
AB  - Murine erythroleukemia cells (MELC) are virus-transformed erythroid precursors
      that appear to be blocked at an erythroid precursor stage comparable to the
      erythroid colony-forming unit (CFU-e). These cells are useful in examining
      factors regulating terminal differentiation. Induced MELC are characterized by a
      coordinated program of gene expression, including commitment to terminal cell
      division, accumulation of globin mRNAs and corresponding hemoglobins, and
      accumulation of several other proteins, including the chromatin-associated
      protein H1(0). Two cloned variant cell lines, DR10 and R1, have been developed
      from inducer-sensitive DS19 cells by selection for inducer resistance. DR10 and
      R1 cells fail to display commitment to terminal cell division when cultured with
      dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO), hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA), or butyric acid.
      Both cell lines are induced by all three agents to accumulate H1(0). DR10 cells
      are resistant to Me2SO-mediated accumulation of hemoglobin but are sensitive to
      HMBA- or butyric acid-mediated accumulation. R1 cells are resistant to Me2SO- and
      HMBA-mediated accumulation of hemoglobin but are sensitive to butyric acid
      mediated accumulation. Both DR10 and R1 are commitment-negative MELC variants,
      displaying variable responses to inducers with respect to other features of
      terminal erythroid cell differentiation.

PMID- 6572978
TI  - "Silent" nucleotide substitution in a beta+-thalassemia globin gene activates
      splice site in coding sequence RNA.
AB  - A beta+-thalassemia globin gene was isolated from the genome of a Black
      individual by molecular cloning. DNA sequence analysis revealed only a single
      difference between this gene and the normal human beta-globin gene--adenine is
      substituted for thymine in the third position of codon 24. Codon 24 in both the
      normal gene (GGT) and the beta+-thalassemia gene (GGA) encodes glycine. The
      function of this beta+-thalassemia gene was compared to the function of the
      normal human beta-globin gene in monkey kidney cells by using plasmid expression
      vectors. The codon 24 substitution activates a 5' splice site that involves the
      guanine-thymine dinucleotide present in codon 25, 16 nucleotides upstream from
      the normal exon 1-intron I boundary. The splice, involving the abnormal 5' site
      in codon 25, is completed with the normal 3' splice site at the end of intron I.
      This splicing abnormality leads to a 75% decrease in the accumulation of normally
      processed beta-globin mRNA, thereby causing the beta+-thalassemia phenotype.

PMID- 6572980
TI  - Autologous and allogeneic typing of human leukemia cells: definition of surface
      antigens restricted to lymphocytic leukemia cells.
AB  - Serum from a patient (CO) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was reactive in
      immunoadherence assays with autologous leukemia cells but not with autologous
      blood lymphocytes or bone marrow cells during complete remission. Extensive
      absorption tests with an array of leukemia cells and normal cells were performed
      in order to define the specificity of the reaction. The autologous leukemia
      reactivity was either completely or partially absorbed with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia cells obtained from 10 of 14 patients but not with acute
      nonlymphoblastic leukemia cells or normal hematopoietic cells. Some cultured
      lymphocytic leukemia lines also showed expression of the antigen. The absence of
      alloantibodies in CO's serum detectable in our assay allowed direct testing of
      CO's serum on allogeneic target cells. The results of these tests correlated with
      the results of absorption tests, indicating that small populations of antigen
      positive cells were not missed with absorption tests. In addition, absorption
      tests with CO-positive allogeneic leukemia target cells showed the same pattern
      of antigen distribution as tests with autologous targets. CO reactivity was not
      removed by absorption with cell lines expressing human T-cell leukemia virus, nor
      did CO's serum react with adult T-cell leukemia cells from three patients.

PMID- 6572979
TI  - Cultured hepatocytes from mouse strains expressing high and low levels of the
      fourth component of complement differ in rate of synthesis of the protein.
AB  - Primary hepatocyte cultures prepared from the livers of inbred strains of mice
      show different rates of synthesis for the fourth component of complement (C4).
      The relative amounts of C4 synthesized by hepatocyte cultures correspond to the
      relative plasma levels of C4 among strains, a trait determined by the S region of
      the H-2 major histocompatibility complex. There is no evidence for increased
      intracellular catabolism of C4 in hepatocyte cultures from a strain with a low
      level of plasma C4. Processing and secretion of C4 proceed very slowly in vitro
      relative to other hepatocyte proteins.

PMID- 6572981
TI  - Prothrombinase complex assembly on the platelet surface is mediated through the
      74,000-dalton component of factor Va.
AB  - The blood coagulation protein factor Va forms the receptor for the serine
      protease factor Xa on the platelet surface. This membrane-bound complex of factor
      Va and factor Xa plus Ca2+ comprises the prothrombinase complex, the enzyme that
      catalyzes the proteolytic conversion of prothrombin to the clotting enzyme
      thrombin. Factor Va is a two-subunit protein composed of component D (Mr =
      94,000) and component E (Mr = 74,000); subunit interaction is Ca2+ dependent.
      Factor Va bound to platelets consists of three peptides: component D, component
      E, and component D'(Mr = 90,000) which appears as the result of a platelet
      associated protease cleavage of component D. The present studies were undertaken
      to determine which peptide(s) mediates the binding of factor Va to the platelet
      membrane surface and which peptide(s) serves as the binding site for factor Xa.
      These interactions were assessed by direct measurements of radiolabeled factor Va
      and factor Xa binding to platelets as well as autoradiographic visualization of
      the factor Va peptides associated with the platelet. Experiments were performed
      to determine the interaction of components D and E with platelets under reaction
      conditions in which components D and E were present as either the intact,
      functional two-subunit protein or as nonfunctional discrete peptides dissociated
      by the addition of Na2EDTA. The results suggest that component E mediates the
      binding of factor Va to the platelet and also serves as the binding site for the
      interaction of factor Xa with platelet-bound factor Va.

PMID- 6572983
TI  - Heterogeneity in schizophrenia: a cluster-analytic approach.
AB  - Despite agreement that chronic schizophrenia is clinically heterogeneous, no
      system of subclassification has received general acceptance. Most methods for
      defining subgroups have relied either on course or symptom type alone. Using
      cluster analysis on patients rated on a broad range of items derived from
      commonly employed explicit diagnostic criteria, we were able to define two
      reasonably distinct groups. The first and larger group was characterized by later
      onset, good premorbid adjustment, and well-organized delusions; the second by
      poor premorbid adjustment, early onset, family history of schizophrenia, and
      symptoms such as bizarre behavior, incoherent speech, and blunted effect. Two
      different clustering programs yielded similar profiles. Analysis of computer
      simulated data indicated that such good agreement would occur by chance less than
      one time in a hundred. Furthermore, the groupings remained stable when extra
      cases were added to the sample, and affected family members showed a significant
      tendency to occur in the same cluster. Although an etiological distinction
      between the subtypes cannot be inferred, we suggest that this form of
      classification provides a potentially useful starting point for further
      biological and genetic research.

PMID- 6572982
TI  - Neuronal production, migration, and differentiation in a vocal control nucleus of
      the adult female canary brain.
AB  - The vocal control nucleus designated HVc (hyperstriatum ventrale, pars caudalis)
      of adult female canaries expands in response to systemic testosterone
      administration, which also induces the females to sing in a male-like manner. We
      became interested in the possibility of neurogenesis as a potential basis for
      this phenomenon. Intact adult female canaries were injected with [3H]thymidine
      over a 2-day period. Some birds were given testosterone implants at various times
      before thymidine. The birds were sacrificed 5 wk after hormone implantation, and
      their brains were processed for autoradiography. In parallel control experiments,
      some birds were given implants of cholesterol instead of testosterone. All birds
      showed considerable numbers of labeled neurons, glia, endothelia, and ventricular
      zone cells in and around HVc. Ultrastructural analysis confirmed the identity of
      these labeled neurons. Cholesterol- and testosterone-treated birds had similar
      neuronal labeling indices, which ranged from 1.8% to 4.0% in HVc. Thus,
      neurogenesis occurred in these adults independently of exogenous hormone
      treatment. Conversely, both glial and endothelial proliferation rates were
      markedly stimulated by exogenous testosterone treatment. We determined the origin
      of the thymidine-incorporating neurons by sacrificing two thymidine-treated
      females soon after their thymidine injections, precluding any significant
      migration of newly labeled cells. Analysis of these brains revealed no cells of
      neuronal morphology present in HVc but a very heavily labeled ventricular zone
      overlying HVc. We conclude that neuronal precursors exist in the HVc ventricular
      zone that incorporate tritiated thymidine during the S phase preceding their
      mitosis; after division these cells migrate into, and to some extent beyond, HVc.
      This ventricular zone neurogenesis seems to be a normally occurring phenomenon in
      intact adult female canaries.

PMID- 6572984
TI  - Trace acid levels in the plasma and MAO activity in the platelets of violent
      offenders.
AB  - The plasma concentrations of the unconjugated and conjugated so-called "trace
      acids," phenylacetic acid (PAA), m- and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (mHPA, pHPA),
      and platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity were measured in 103 male prisoners
      detained in a psychiatric institution. Twenty-three had been convicted of violent
      crimes, 18 of sexual offenses, 24 of armed robbery, 27 of nonviolent property
      offenses, and 11 of miscellaneous nonviolent offenses. Unconjugated pHPA and
      conjugated PAA were found to be significantly reduced in the violent offenders
      when compared with those of the "nonviolent" groups. The levels of pHPA were also
      found to be low in sexual offenders. Platelet MAO activities to phenylethylamine,
      tryptamine, and p-tyramine between any of the categories of prisoners were not
      significantly different.

PMID- 6572985
TI  - Seasonal cycling in a bipolar patient.

PMID- 6572986
TI  - Serotonin uptake in blood platelets and the dexamethasone suppression test in
      depressed patients.
AB  - Two putative biological markers of some forms of depressive illness, the
      dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and the Vmax of serotonin (5
      hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) uptake in blood platelets, were studied in 40 unipolar,
      bipolar, and schizoaffective depressed patients. The Vmax levels in those whose
      cortisol levels suppressed normally after dexamethasone (n = 25) were not
      significantly different from those of the nonsuppressors (n = 15). When a
      criterion of Vmax greater than or equal to 8.5 pmoles/10(7) platelets/minute of
      14C-5-HT uptake was used as the lower limit of normal, 18 patients had Vmax
      values lower than normal, only four of whom were nonsuppressors. There was a
      tendency for the incidence of lower than normal Vmax levels in nonsuppressors
      (4/15, 26.7%) to be less than that of the suppressors (14/25, 56.0%). These
      results suggest that the two abnormalities are independent of each other but tend
      to support the hypothesis that decreased Vmax may be an adaptive response which
      restores serotonergic function to normal. Twenty-nine of the 40 patients (72.5%)
      had one or both abnormalities, a finding which suggests that determination of
      both parameters would significantly increase the proportion of depressed patients
      who could be diagnosed by these biological tests.

PMID- 6572987
TI  - Increased sensitivity of the dexamethasone suppression test in depressed female
      patients based on multisteroid analysis.
AB  - The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) based on multisteroid analysis was
      administered to 22 female patients with primary major depressive disorder (12
      endogenous, 10 nonendogenous) and 12 healthy control subjects. Cortisol, its
      biosynthetic precursor 11-deoxycortisol, and cortisone were measured. Calculating
      cortisol/11-deoxycortisol ratios allows the assessment of the activity of 11 beta
      hydroxylase, which depends on the mean secretion rate of adrenocorticotropic
      hormone. Preliminary findings indicate that the sensitivity of the DST is
      remarkably increased when based on a cortisol/11-deoxycortisol ratio instead of
      plasma cortisol or cortisone concentrations.

PMID- 6572988
TI  - Response to dexamethasone in psychotic depression.
AB  - The utility of the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) in the diagnosis of
      psychotic depression was examined by comparing the responses of 11 psychotic and
      18 nonpsychotic depressed inpatients. Nine of 11 psychotic patients (81.8%) and
      10 of 18 nonpsychotic patients (55.6%) showed nonsuppression (nonsignificant).
      Using the 0800h cortisol level alone, we found that significantly more psychotic
      patients (7 of 11; 63.6%) than nonpsychotic patients (3 of 18; 16.7%) showed
      nonsuppression. Nonsuppression at 0800h postdexamethasone may be a useful
      biologic marker for patients with psychotic depression. Implications of these
      data for the nosologic status of psychotic depression are discussed.

PMID- 6572989
TI  - Increased REM eye movement density in self-rated depression.
AB  - Zung depression scores were positively related to eye movement density in a
      sample of 19 noncomplaining young adult males. The subjects were not clinically
      depressed and had average scores on the Depression Scale of the Minnesota
      Multiphasic Personality Inventory. There was no relation of Zung depression to
      rapid eye movement (REM) latency, stage 3 and stage 4 sleep, or REM in the first
      third of the sleep period. The finding is consistent with the hypothesis of a
      disinhibition or phase lead of REM sleep phasic events in depression.

PMID- 6572990
TI  - Platelet MAO and family history of schizophrenia: some methodological
      considerations.

PMID- 6572991
TI  - Platelet MAO and family history of schizophrenia: method and madness.

PMID- 6572993
TI  - [Periodontal instruments (II)].

PMID- 6572992
TI  - [Dental administrative assistant].

PMID- 6572994
TI  - [Drug problem in dental practice - danger in the future?].

PMID- 6572995
TI  - [Pricing for restorations - Bema-Nr. 18a/b].

PMID- 6572996
TI  - [Hygiene in dental practice (III)].

PMID- 6572997
TI  - [Anesthesia in dental practice].

PMID- 6572998
TI  - [Clefts of the lip, jaw and palate].

PMID- 6572999
TI  - [Situation of the dental assistant in Germany].

PMID- 6573000
TI  - [Basic knowledge: clinical caries].

PMID- 6573002
TI  - [Education of dental assistants].

PMID- 6573001
TI  - [Impressions of a visitor to a dental hygiene school in Zurich].

PMID- 6573005
TI  - [Rational office administration].

PMID- 6573003
TI  - [Prevention for the small child].

PMID- 6573004
TI  - [Office gallery].

PMID- 6573006
TI  - [Dental calculus removal].

PMID- 6573007
TI  - [Impression dimensions].

PMID- 6573008
TI  - [An unusual orthodontic patient].

PMID- 6573009
TI  - [Functional improvement of the open U-bow activator].

PMID- 6573010
TI  - College quizzes group on genetic manipulation. Spotlight on a brave new world.

PMID- 6573011
TI  - Acute gastric dilatation associated with viral hepatitis-A.

PMID- 6573013
TI  - Rhode Island's aging population and the use of medical care, 1980-2020.

PMID- 6573012
TI  - Problem of vague academic evaluations in selection of residents: a case study.

PMID- 6573014
TI  - Case record: Rhode Island Hospital.

PMID- 6573015
TI  - Child abuse and neglect update.

PMID- 6573016
TI  - Megakaryocytes in cubital venous blood in patients with chronic
      myeloproliferative diseases.
AB  - 33 patients with chronic myelo-proliferative disease were investigated for
      megakaryocytes in cubital venous blood. 6 Patients had chronic myeloid leukaemia,
      11 polycythaemia vera and 16 myelofibrosis. In all patients, a significantly
      higher number of megakaryocytes than in normal adult humans was found. In
      patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia and myelofibrosis, an increased number of
      intact megakaryocytes was found, indicating thrombopoiesis in the peripheral part
      of the upper extremity. 2 patients with myelofibrosis showed a % of intact
      megakaryocytes greater than 25, as found in blood from the inferior vena cava in
      normal adults. In patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia, some of the
      megakaryocytes were smaller than normal, whereas in myelofibrosis, some of the
      megakaryocytes were larger than normal, with increased lobulation of nuclei.
      Active thrombopoiesis in the peripheral part of the extremities can be of great
      importance, when splenectomy is considered in treatment of myelofibrosis.

PMID- 6573017
TI  - Concentration of carprofen in the serum and the synovial fluid in rheumatoid
      arthritis patients.
AB  - Concentrations of carprofen in the serum and the synovial fluid were determined
      in 13 patients with classical or confirmed rheumatoid arthritis. Four hours after
      the oral administration of 100 mg of carprofen, as one capsule, concentrations in
      the synovial fluid were found to be between 3.5 micrograms/ml and 9.7
      micrograms/ml, with a mean value (+/- SD) of 6.2 +/- 1.4 micrograms/ml, and
      concentrations in the serum were between 4.7 micrograms/ml and 14.8
      micrograms/ml, with a mean value of 9.8 +/- 2.9 micrograms/ml. The carprofen
      concentrations in synovial fluid varied from 36.3 to 103.0% of those in serum,
      with a mean value of 65.0 +/- 14.4%. There is a highly significant correlation
      between carprofen concentrations in the serum and the synovial fluid.

PMID- 6573018
TI  - [Use of Luhr's compression plate system in treating mandibular fractures and
      mandibular reconstruction via the oral approach].

PMID- 6573019
TI  - [16 years of caries prophylaxis in Aarau: scope and outcome].

PMID- 6573020
TI  - [Studies on the abrasiveness of toothpastes].

PMID- 6573021
TI  - Department of Health.

PMID- 6573022
TI  - Eleven year old Caucasian male with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy.

PMID- 6573023
TI  - Stimulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis by urine of the human fetus may serve
      as a trigger for parturition.
AB  - Urine of the human fetus stimulated prostaglandin biosynthesis in vitro by
      increasing the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. The
      stimulatory activity in urine from fetuses delivered at term after labor of
      spontaneous onset was greater than that in urine from fetuses delivered by
      cesarean section at term before the onset of labor. Such stimulation of
      prostaglandin biosynthesis by the fetal membranes, by way of a substance released
      into the urine and thence into amniotic fluid, could serve as a signal for the
      initiation of parturition.

PMID- 6573024
TI  - Inhibition of gastric acid secretion in the gastric brooding frog, Rheobatrachus
      silus.
AB  - The female gastric brooding frog Rheobatrachus silus broods its young in its
      stomach. A substance that inhibits gastric acid secretion in a toad stomach
      preparation in vitro appears to be secreted by the developing young. This
      substance has been identified as prostaglandin E2. Rheobatrachus silus may thus
      have developed a mechanism whereby prostaglandin secreted by the larvae inhibits
      acid secretion in the stomach of the female until the larvae have completed
      development and emerged as juvenile frogs by way of the female's mouth.

PMID- 6573025
TI  - The status of the school nurse in South Dakota.

PMID- 6573026
TI  - RNA from rat hepatoma cells can activate phenylalanine hydroxylase gene of mouse
      erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - Mouse erythroleukemia (MEL) cells do not synthesize any detectable level of
      phenylalanine hydroxylase and thus do not grow in Tyr- medium. Rat hepatoma cells
      that constitutively express phenylalanine hydroxylase were treated prior to
      fusion with MEL cells with biochemical inhibitors to inactivate different
      macromolecular components of the cells, and the fusion products were selected in
      Tyr- medium. Continuously growing populations of cells resembling the parental
      MEL cells and expressing mouse phenylalanine hydroxylase were obtained only when
      rat hepatoma cells treated with mitomycin or iodoacetamide, which inactivate DNA
      and SH proteins, respectively, were fused with MEL cells. Fusion of MEL cells
      with UV-treated rat hepatoma cells did not result in the activation of the mouse
      phenylalanine hydroxylase gene. UV treatment damages both DNA and RNA. These data
      suggested that RNA was involved in the regulation of phenylalanine hydroxylase
      gene. Additional evidence for the role of RNA in the phenylalanine hydroxylase
      gene regulation was obtained from RNA transfection studies. RNA only from cells
      which express phenylalanine hydroxylase, such as rat hepatoma cells and MEL
      cybrids, when introduced into MEL cells by the CaPO4 coprecipitation method,
      resulted in the permanent activation of the mouse phenylalanine hydroxylase gene.

PMID- 6573027
TI  - [A study of the prenatal growth and development of the temporomandibular joint
      (TMJ)].

PMID- 6573028
TI  - [Microscopic observation of the adherence of Streptococcus mutans].

PMID- 6573029
TI  - [How to publish an article in Tandlaegebladet].

PMID- 6573030
TI  - [Sugar metabolism in the mouth].

PMID- 6573031
TI  - [Adult Dane population dental care behavior].

PMID- 6573032
TI  - [Tooth erosion in a worker exposed to sulfuric acid].

PMID- 6573033
TI  - [A report on Danish dental care for children].

PMID- 6573034
TI  - [Effect of dental experiences on adult Danes' current dental behavior and dental
      status].

PMID- 6573035
TI  - [Type I allergy to chloramine].

PMID- 6573036
TI  - [Treatment of patients with lesions in the oral cavity due to systemic diseases -
      a few reflections].

PMID- 6573037
TI  - [Mercury poisoning].

PMID- 6573038
TI  - [Risks from amalgam].

PMID- 6573039
TI  - [Prostaglandins and chronic circulatory failure].

PMID- 6573040
TI  - The effects of tooth colored filling material on the dental pulp.

PMID- 6573041
TI  - HLA-A, B and C markers in the Portuguese population.

PMID- 6573043
TI  - [New aspects of prevention and human genetic counseling in clefts of the lip, jaw
      and palate].

PMID- 6573042
TI  - Granulocyte specific cytotoxic antibodies in pregnancy and multitransfused sera.
AB  - The myeloid cell line K562 was used to screen for specific antibodies in sera
      obtained from pregnant women and multitransfused patients. The alloantisera thus
      procured reacted with random granulocytes in a pattern suggestive of a
      polymorphic system. Some antibodies were found to react only in the cold. A
      simple reproducible method for the simultaneous separation of granulocytes and
      lymphocytes for microcytotoxicity is described.

PMID- 6573044
TI  - [Seminars for parents of children born with cleft lip, and jaw and/or palate].

PMID- 6573045
TI  - [The evaluation of cleft lip, jaw and/or palate patients and the assessment of
      their disability].

PMID- 6573046
TI  - [Experiences from psychologic work with cleft children and their parents from
      1970 to 1980].

PMID- 6573047
TI  - [How does one qualify parents of children with congenital cleft lip, jaw and/or
      palate for speech training?].

PMID- 6573048
TI  - [Tongue thrust: diagnostic and therapeutic problems].

PMID- 6573049
TI  - [The external action of fluorides: their antibacterial and plaque-inhibiting
      importance. 2: Clinico-microbiological studies].

PMID- 6573050
TI  - [Radiodiagnosis of diseases of the dental hard tissues - its possibilities and
      limits].

PMID- 6573051
TI  - [Views expressed by mothers during informational group talks and their relevance
      to the care of cleft patients].

PMID- 6573052
TI  - Localization of major histocompatibility complex (HLA-ABC and DR) antigens in 46
      kidneys. Differences in HLA-DR staining of tubules among kidneys.
AB  - Biopsies from 46 kidneys that were subsequently transplanted were examined with
      monoclonal antibodies and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique to localize HLA
      ABC and DR antigens. There was no variation in the expression of HLA-ABC which
      was present on all cells of the renal parenchyma. HLA-DR was found consistently
      on the endothelium of glomeruli and of intertubular capillaries but was only
      weakly expressed, or not expressed at all, on the endothelium of large vessels.
      The mesangium of glomeruli also stained for HLA-DR. But there was a striking
      variation in the expression of HLA-DR by proximal renal tubular cells in the 46
      kidneys. HLA-DR was absent from tubules in 11 of 46 kidneys (23%) and probably
      absent or very weakly expressed in a further 8 kidneys (17%). The expression of
      HLA-DR in tubular epithelium was not related to the donor's age, sex, blood
      group, or ischemia times. However, the frequency of HLA-DR3 increased (55%) in
      donors of kidneys with tubular DR-negative kidneys, as compared with a frequency
      of 15% in donors of tubular DR-positive kidneys. Although this difference was not
      significant after a correction for the number of comparisons made, it suggests a
      genetic influence on the expression of tubular DR. The survival of tubular DR
      negative kidneys was better at 1 year than that of tubular DR-positive kidneys
      (70% vs. 57%--not significant), and tubular DR-positive grafts may have had a
      higher rate of delayed function when transplanted in cases with a donor-specific
      positive B cell crossmatch. There was no obvious variation in the number of
      dendritic cells stained with antibodies to HLA-DR and the leukocyte common
      antigen despite prior administration of high doses of steroids to some donors
      before nephrectomy.

PMID- 6573053
TI  - The major histocompatibility complex (MHC).

PMID- 6573054
TI  - [Chromosome abnormalities and chronic myeloid leukemia: Sherbrooke's experience].

PMID- 6573055
TI  - Osteosarcoma in a phthisical feline eye.
AB  - Eight years ago a cat sustained injury to the left globe and phthisis bulbi
      ensued. Two months prior to presentation, a firm intraorbital and periorbital
      mass developed and enucleation was done; histologic examination revealed
      osteogenic sarcoma. This is the first histologically documented report of
      osteosarcoma occurring in association with phthisis bulbi.

PMID- 6573056
TI  - [Recurrent peritonsillar abscess and relapse of chronic tonsillitis in military
      personnel (clinico-etiological and immunological differences)].

PMID- 6573057
TI  - [Rare morphological variants of the malignant degeneration of chrondromatosis of
      the bones].

PMID- 6573058
TI  - Separation of hypereosinophilic syndrome from acute lymphoblastic leukemia with
      reactive eosinophilia.

PMID- 6573059
TI  - [Pre-treatment in periodontal surgical measures].

PMID- 6573060
TI  - Schistosoma mansoni infection of Syrian golden hamsters: the host humoral immune
      response in relation to the adult worm burdens after primary infection.
AB  - Seven-week-old female Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) showed
      different degrees of susceptibility to Schistosoma mansoni, as assessed by the
      percentage of cercariae recovered as adult worms 6 weeks after infection. Plasma
      of the low (A), medium (B) and high (C) susceptibility groups were tested
      immunochemically. No differences were observed in the concentrations of albumin,
      alpha 1-, alpha 2-, beta- and gamma-globulins as measured by cellulose acetate
      electrophoresis. However, a significantly higher percentage of animals in groups
      A and B than in group C had an S. mansoni specific "beforked" IgG precipitin band
      and specific antibodies against a worm tegumental antigen preparation (AWT).
      Conversely, more animals in group C made antibodies against a "denuded" worm-body
      antigen preparation (AWB) than in groups A and B. However, by using the enzyme
      linked immunosorbent assay, no significant differences in antibody titres against
      AWT, AWB and a total worm antigen (AVA) were observed in the animals in groups A,
      B and C. Upon consideration of the immunochemical data in relation to the
      distribution pattern of susceptibility to infection, we propose that the
      intensity of S. mansoni infection in the hamster is a polygene-controlled
      phenomenon and depends upon the presentation of differing parasite antigenic
      component(s) to the host.

PMID- 6573061
TI  - [Nutrition and dentistry].

PMID- 6573062
TI  - [From dentist to nutrition researcher and entrepreneur. A ZWR interview with Dr.
      Johann Georg Schnitzer].

PMID- 6573063
TI  - [An information group on oral hygiene and nutrition behavior. Symposiums,
      scientific information and the press as methods for nutrition discussion. A ZWR
      interview with Ms. Beate von Muhlen].

PMID- 6573064
TI  - [Systematic treatment planning].

PMID- 6573065
TI  - [Light-optic evidence of elastic deformation of a parallel cutting tool due to
      differences in working pressure].

PMID- 6573066
TI  - [The pharmacological effect on the intraoral mucosal epithelium of astringents
      experimental (animal study)].

PMID- 6573067
TI  - [A dental-philatelic exhibit].

PMID- 6573068
TI  - [Does mass prevention reduce the responsibility of the parents?].

PMID- 6573069
TI  - [The dental art and caries prevention].

PMID- 6573070
TI  - [Enzymes increase the defense function of saliva].

PMID- 6573071
TI  - [Injuries of the maxillofacial region including the eye socket].

PMID- 6573072
TI  - [Evidence of corrosion products deposited in the tissue from mandibular resection
      plates].

PMID- 6573073
TI  - [Intraarterial and intravenous chemotherapy in combination treatment].

PMID- 6573074
TI  - [Definitive defect care in oral surgery].

PMID- 6573075
TI  - [Results of a case of giant cell granuloma with regenerative properties].

PMID- 6573076
TI  - [Methods and chances of individual caries prevention].

PMID- 6573077
TI  - [Neoplastic pathology in maxillofacial region including the eye cavity].

PMID- 6573078
TI  - [Titanium: from ore to implant].

PMID- 6573079
TI  - [Ultramicroscopic structure of tissue around implants].

PMID- 6573080
TI  - [A problem case from the psychosomatic viewpoint].

PMID- 6573081
TI  - [The stomatognathic system].

PMID- 6573082
TI  - [Stomatognathic system. 2].

PMID- 6573083
TI  - ["Foetor ex ore" - causes and cure. 1].

PMID- 6573084
TI  - [Use of transformation for the chromosome mapping of Pseudomonas pseudomallei].
AB  - The mapping of the chromosome sections in P. pseudomallei, responsible for the
      synthesis of histidine, has been carried out with the use of two- and three
      factor crossing. Two new groups of marker linkage have been found: his 522 with
      ilv 658 and his 37 with asp 37 glu 37. The linkage of some of the existing
      histidine mutations with locus his 37 has been revealed and the relative position
      of the markers in this linkage group has been shown.

PMID- 6573085
TI  - Cytologic atypias in the uterine fluid of intrauterine contraceptive device
      users.
AB  - A peculiar cell pattern, characterized as an atypical glandular cell cluster
      (AGCC), was found in the uterine fluid from women using intrauterine
      contraceptive devices (IUDs). This atypia can mimic adenocarcinoma. Since the
      atypical cells were present in much higher frequency in the uterine fluid than in
      the cervical mucus, it is suggested that they originated in the endometrium.

PMID- 6573086
TI  - Coarse needle biopsy versus fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of
      focal lesions of the liver. Ultrasonically guided needle biopsy in suspected
      hepatic malignancy.
AB  - In 55 patients with ultrasonically demonstrated suspected hepatic malignancy, a
      fine needle aspiration biopsy and a coarse needle biopsy of the same focal lesion
      were performed under ultrasonic guidance. In 41 of 48 cases with proven
      malignancy, both biopsies were positive. In the remaining seven cases, only the
      fine needle aspiration biopsy yielded malignant cells. Tumor typing was possible
      in 2 primary and 33 metastatic tumors by examination of either the cytologic or
      the histologic specimen; an additional 6 metastatic tumors could be typed only by
      evaluation of the histologic specimen. Grading of six adenocarcinomas was
      performed with higher accuracy in the histologic than in the cytologic specimen.
      Exact determination of the primary site was not possible in metastatic tumors by
      use of either type of needle biopsy specimen. Since the less traumatic fine
      needle aspiration biopsy requires fewer prebiopsy precautions and has other
      advantages, the coarse needle biopsy should be restricted to the few cases in
      which the former does not yield sufficient information.

PMID- 6573087
TI  - Fine needle aspiration cytology of intraocular malignant melanoma.
AB  - The techniques used for fine needle aspiration biopsy of 19 intraocular tumors
      clinically suspected to be malignant melanomas are described. Aspirates of 16
      tumors yielded adequate material for the cytologic diagnosis of malignant
      melanoma. Malignant cells of the epithelial type and of a spindle shape were
      found in the smears. The main cytologic features of the epithelial-type cells
      were eccentrically located nuclei, distinct nucleoli, binucleation and
      multinucleation. The spindle-shaped cells, dispersed or arranged in clusters,
      were characterized by centrally placed, oval or rodlike nuclei, with or without
      nucleoli. Three types of smears were distinguished: (1) those with a predominance
      of epithelial-type cells, (2) those with a predominance of spindle-shaped cells
      and (3) those with mixed epithelial-type and spindle-shaped cells. Our
      observations prove that precise morphologic diagnosis of intraocular malignant
      melanoma and its cellular types can be established by fine needle aspiration
      biopsy. However, we do not advocate fine needle aspiration biopsy as a routine
      diagnostic procedure in all intraocular melanomas. This method should be reserved
      for only cases that cannot be definitely diagnosed by conventional techniques or
      in which the cellular type of melanoma must be defined in order to choose the
      proper method of treatment.

PMID- 6573088
TI  - Fine needle aspiration of thoracic extramedullary hematopoiesis.
AB  - Thoracic manifestations of extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) are well known
      clinically, radiologically and pathologically; it is generally confirmed
      histologically by open biopsy or postmortem examination. We report a case of EMH
      diagnosed by percutaneous fine needle aspiration (FNA) in a patient with long
      standing, acquired, sideroblastic anemia. The aspirate was very cellular and
      composed of normal bone marrow elements with an erythroid to myeloid cell ratio
      of 3 to 1. Megakaryocytes were abundant but constituted less than 1% of the total
      cell population. This case illustrates that the diagnosis of EMH is possible by
      FNA and that thoracotomy for diagnostic purposes can be circumvented.

PMID- 6573089
TI  - Cytopathologic aspects of leiomyoblastoma in fine needle aspiration biopsy.
      Report of two cases.
AB  - The cytopathologic features of the fine needle aspiration biopsy of two cases of
      malignant peripheral leiomyoblastoma are presented. Aspirated tumor cells
      occurred singly, not in clusters. They were pleomorphic, varying in size and
      shape and showing eosinophilic to amphophilic cytoplasm. Many tumor cells had a
      vacuolated cytoplasm. Multinucleated large tumor cells were seen in one case;
      their nuclei were hyperchromatic and round to oval, with chromatin clumping and
      prominent nucleoli. The cytologic findings suggested a malignant mesenchymal
      tumor. Histology demonstrated the diagnosis of leiomyoblastoma.

PMID- 6573090
TI  - Aspiration cytology and cytochemistry of coccygeal chordoma. A case report and
      review of the literature.

PMID- 6573091
TI  - Hurthle-cell tumor arising in the mediastinal ectopic thyroid and diagnosed by
      fine needle aspiration. Light microscopic and ultrastructural features.
AB  - The light microscopic and ultrastructural features of a Hurthle-cell tumor
      arising in the ectopic mediastinal ectopic thyroid and diagnosed by fine needle
      aspiration are presented. Although it lacked clear-cut cytologic features of
      malignancy, the tumor was clinically malignant, having metastasized to the lungs.
      Hurthle-cell tumors of the thyroid are unpredictable in their biologic behavior,
      and the absence of clinical and/or pathologic evidence of malignancy at the time
      of diagnosis is no guarantee of a benign outcome.

PMID- 6573092
TI  - Cytology of giant-cell glioblastoma.
AB  - A case is presented in which smears and touch imprints of a parietal tumor in a
      58-year-old female revealed two distinct and easily recognizable cellular
      populations. The first was predominant and consisted of densely packed cells of
      an astroglial nature. The other was made up of unusually large giant cells with
      highly malignant features. The cytology of these combined cell types allowed the
      correct diagnosis of giant-cell glioblastoma at the time of surgery. Their
      cytomorphology, which has seldom been reported, supported the interpretation of
      an astroglial nature of this tumor.

PMID- 6573093
TI  - Mycosis fungoides. The importance of pulmonary cytology in the diagnosis of a
      case with systemic involvement.
AB  - A patient with cutaneous mycosis fungoides developed pulmonary lesions while
      under radiation therapy. Bronchial cytologic specimens demonstrated malignant
      lymphocytes, which open lung biopsy confirmed to be mycosis cells. We believe
      this is the first report to document pulmonary involvement of mycosis fungoides
      by the use of bronchial cytology.

PMID- 6573094
TI  - Barr body frequency in esophageal cancer in Indian women.
AB  - In a retrospective study, Barr body frequency was analyzed in 50 consecutive
      cases of esophageal cancer in females. The majority (95%) of the tumors had less
      than 20% Barr body frequency (of which 80% showed less than 10%), while normal
      controls showed 30% to 45% Barr body frequency. The mechanism(s) involved in
      lowering the frequency is not known at present.

PMID- 6573095
TI  - Transthoracic fine needle aspiration cytology.

PMID- 6573096
TI  - Fine needle aspiration cytology in veterinary medicine.

PMID- 6573097
TI  - Cytologic diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis by bronchoalveolar lavage.

PMID- 6573098
TI  - Thyroid autoimmunity in siblings: a population study.
AB  - Familial occurrence of thyroid autoantibodies and elevated TSH levels was
      investigated among siblings from a middle-aged rural population in Finland. The
      initial sample consisted of 801 subjects representing 311 sibling groups. Paired
      sera taken at a five-year interval were available for testing from most of them.
      Thyroglobulin antibodies were detected in 26% of the siblings of probands with
      thyroglobulin antibodies, compared with 11% among siblings of probands who did
      not have these antibodies. The corresponding figures for thyroid microsomal
      antibodies were 32% and 11%, respectively. The frequency of positive test results
      among the siblings was about the same irrespective of the antibody titre of the
      proband. When the proband had only thyroid microsomal antibodies, most (66%) of
      the autoantibody-positive siblings were positive in this system only. When the
      proband had only thyroglobulin antibodies, the pattern among siblings was less
      clear. Nearly half of the cases with elevated TSH level but negative in the
      thyroid autoantibody tests were in families in which other members had evidence
      of thyroid autoimmunity. The findings are compatible with the concept that a few
      major genes affect susceptibility to thyroid autoimmune diseases.

PMID- 6573100
TI  - Program of main sessions and advance abstracts of short papers. 27. Symposium
      Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Endokrinologie. Frankfurt/Main, March 2-5, 1983.

PMID- 6573099
TI  - 25 year follow-up of the Aland thyroid study of 1956. Thyroid status and
      incidence of rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - In 1956, a study of the iodine metabolism in endemic goitre was made on a group
      of inhabitants of the Aland Islands, an autonomous province of Finland. The
      number of Alanders studied was 130. In a follow-up study 25 years later, 101
      still living subjects from the original study could be traced. 17 of them had
      become hyperthyroid, 7 had been operated on for non-toxic goitre, and 4 had
      become hypothyroid. There was no correlation between thyroid hormone excretion
      values in 1956 and subsequent hyperthyroidism. Rheumatoid arthritis was
      overrepresented in the goitre group compared with the group without goitres, as
      well as compared with statistical figures on the frequency of rheumatic disease
      among the population in general of Aland and of Finland as a whole.

PMID- 6573101
TI  - Intensive monitoring of intractable seizures.

PMID- 6573102
TI  - The patient with recently diagnosed epilepsy - medical aspects.

PMID- 6573103
TI  - The patient with recently diagnosed epilepsy - psychological and sociological
      aspects.

PMID- 6573104
TI  - The estimation of working capacity in epileptic patients.

PMID- 6573105
TI  - Rehabilitation of epileptic patients.

PMID- 6573106
TI  - Relapse rate after cessation of therapy in childhood leukemia. A material from
      the five Nordic countries.
AB  - The experience of four hundred and ninety children from the Nordic countries who
      had their antileukemic therapy stopped prior to January 1981 is presented. The
      observation times after stopping therapy were between 1 month and 19 years. One
      hundred and five children (21.4%) relapsed before January 1981. No children
      relapsed later than four years after cessation of therapy. The calculated long
      term relapse rate is 28%.

PMID- 6573107
TI  - Acute mycotic thyroiditis.

PMID- 6573108
TI  - Cushing's syndrome with bilateral multinodular adrenal hyperplasia.
      Ultrastructural, histochemical, and immunohistochemical study.
AB  - An unusual case of Cushing's syndrome of a 59-year-old man with bilateral
      multinodular adrenal hyperplasia and microadenoma of the pituitary gland is
      presented. Failure to suppress plasma cortisol with large doses of dexamethasone
      may suggest autonomous growth of hyperplastic nodules of the adrenals, which were
      at first induced by prolonged stimuli of ACTH from the microadenoma of the
      pituitary gland. ACTH could not be detected in the microadenoma cells on paraffin
      sections, while Crooke's cells were strongly positive for ACTH. The interrelation
      between bilateral multinodular adrenal hyperplasia and pituitary microadenoma is
      discussed.

PMID- 6573109
TI  - Treatment approaches in depression.

PMID- 6573110
TI  - Classification and diagnosis of depression.
AB  - There is no general consensus how to classify and diagnose depressive disorders.
      The main reason is disagreement regarding etiology. This is reflected in the
      several theoretical models of depression which has been proposed. On the other
      hand, a reliable way of characterizing groups of patients that can be used by
      both clinicians and researchers, is necessary both for communication and progress
      of research. Facing this situation, the inclusion of etiological theories in
      classification of depression obviously would be an obstacle to the use of such a
      classification system by clinicians of various theoretical orientation at
      current. Thus, a classification system which describes the clinical features of
      the mental disorders comprehensively and at the lowest order of inference
      necessary to identify the disorder in a reliable way is needed. The third edition
      of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-III) represents
      such a classification system. By providing operational diagnostic criteria for
      each diagnosis, DSM-III represents a major achievement of classification in
      clinical psychiatry and research. This paper will present the classification of
      depression and the problem of differential diagnosis as outlined in DSM-III.
      Further, the validity of the DSM-III classification of depression will be
      discussed with reference to some recent research findings on biopsychosocial and
      treatment aspects of depressive disorders.

PMID- 6573111
TI  - Advances with antidepressants; clinical experiences with mianserin.

PMID- 6573112
TI  - Antidepressant poisoning.

PMID- 6573113
TI  - Leukocyte locomotion and chemotaxis. 1st International Conference on Leukocyte
      Locomotion and Chemotaxis, Gersau, May 16-21, 1982.

PMID- 6573115
TI  - Characterising a kinesis response: time averaged measures of cell speed and
      directional persistence.

PMID- 6573114
TI  - Adherence and regulation of leukotaxis.
AB  - PMNs upon stimulation by a chemoattractant adhere to a substratum and then in
      amoeboid fashion migrate toward the source of the attractant. We have studied
      molecular events in both adherence and migration and have arrived at the
      following conclusions: 1) PMNs, like other motile cells such as highly metastatic
      tumor cells, can use laminin to attach to Type IV basement membrane collagen.
      PMNs may use this anchoring mechanism in their emigration from the vasculature.
      2) Attached cells may be stimulated to migrate as a result of the chemo
      attractant-induced inactivation of lipomodulin, a natural inhibitor of
      phospholipase A2, an enzyme that may be essential for chemotaxis. 3) The
      substrate for this enzyme is generated by both the CDP-choline and
      transmethylation pathways. These pathways may be regulated by another enzyme,
      transglutaminase (TGase). 4) Natural substrates of TGase, such as uteroglobin,
      inhibit leukocyte chemotaxis, again suggesting a regulatory role for TGase in
      chemotaxis. 5) Tumor cells also produce inhibitors of chemotaxis. In addition to
      protecting the tumor from the host's phagocytes, these inhibitors may be related
      to normal modulators of cell motility. Therefore, determination of their mode of
      action could increase our understanding of this type of cell behavior.

PMID- 6573116
TI  - Biological and chemical characterization of eosinophil chemotactic factors from
      human leukocytes.

PMID- 6573117
TI  - The C5a receptor of neutrophils and macrophages.

PMID- 6573118
TI  - The effect of the local anesthetic tetracaine on the migration of guinea pig
      granulocytes.

PMID- 6573119
TI  - Adhesion and the locomotion of neutrophils on surfaces and in matrices.

PMID- 6573120
TI  - Contact guidance of locomotion of human leukocytes.

PMID- 6573121
TI  - Clinical and morphologic cardiac findings after anthracycline chemotherapy.
      Analysis of 64 patients studied at necropsy.
AB  - The relation between clinical evidence of and histologic signs of anthracycline
      cardiotoxicity was evaluated by reviewing the clinical and morphologic findings
      in 64 patients studied at necropsy, all of whom had received doxorubicin or
      daunorubicin chemotherapy during life. Of the 64 patients, 20 (31%) had
      documented clinical toxicity consisting of impaired left ventricular systolic
      performance; in 7 (35%) of these 20 patients, histologic signs of toxicity were
      absent. In the remaining 13 patients with clinical toxicity, histologic signs of
      toxicity ranged from mild to severe. Of the 44 (69%) patients without clinical
      signs of drug toxicity, 21 (48%) had no histologic sign of cardiotoxicity; in 23
      (52%) of the patients without clinical toxicity, however, morphologic signs of
      cardiotoxicity were nevertheless present--mild in most patients, but extensive in
      4. Signs of extensive histologic toxicity (19 [30%] of 64 patients) were
      associated with large doses (greater than 450 mg/m2) of the drug, mediastinal
      irradiation, and age greater than 70 years. This study suggests that attempts to
      monitor cardiotoxicity by serial evaluation of cardiac histology in patients
      undergoing anthracycline chemotherapy may be seriously limited by the fact that
      clinical evidence of toxicity may be present without histologic signs of
      toxicity; likewise, histologic signs of anthracycline toxicity may be present
      without clinical evidence of toxicity.

PMID- 6573122
TI  - Investigation in the role of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation in a murine
      osteosarcoma model.

PMID- 6573124
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a new anthracycline antibiotic, aclacinomycin-A, in
      patients with advanced malignant lymphoma.

PMID- 6573123
TI  - Osteosarcoma--a complication of chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease in children.

PMID- 6573126
TI  - Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria terminating in TdT-positive acute leukemia.
AB  - A case of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) which developed terminal
      transferase (TdT)-positive leukemia 5 years after the diagnosis of PNH was
      studied. Most of the leukemic cells were suggestively lymphoid by cytochemistry
      and electron microscopy, and TdT-positive by immunofluorescence studies. The
      development of acute lymphoblastic leukemia during the course of PNH suggests
      that in PNH the clonal abnormality may involve lymphoid cells as well as myeloid
      cells, thus raising the possibility of the disease being a disorder of the
      pluripotential stem cell.

PMID- 6573125
TI  - Granular acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Granules in blasts are most typical of acute myeloblastic leukemia. However,
      there have been scattered reports of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      (ALL) that have lymphoblasts with azurophilic cytoplasmic granules. These reports
      do not describe immunologic markers or cytogenetics. We report five additional
      cases with detailed cytologic, immunologic, and cytogenetic studies. At diagnosis
      one of these patients had central nervous system disease, while the others had no
      unusual features. Four of the five patients attained remission. The blasts of all
      five patients contained distinct cytoplasmic azurophilic granules. The granules
      were negative for peroxidase and chloroacetate esterase and positive for PAS,
      acid phosphatase, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase incompletely fluoride
      inhibited, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, and in one case, Sudan black B. In
      the one patient studied by electron microscopy, characteristic lymphoblasts
      contained membrane-bound electron lucent inclusions, which stained positively
      with non-specific esterase. Immunologic markers showed a common ALL phenotype.
      Different cytogenetic abnormalities were seen in all cases. It is important to
      recognize the characteristics of this morphologic subtype of ALL in order to
      avoid a misdiagnosis of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6573127
TI  - The in vitro effects of vincristine on peripheral blood leukocyte progenitor
      cells (CFU-C) in patients in blast crisis of chronic granulocytic leukemia:
      correlation with clinical response.
AB  - The in vitro sensitivity of circulating progenitor cells (CFU-C) of 20 patients
      in blast crisis of chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) to vincristine was
      correlated with the clinical response to vincristine in vivo. Eleven patients who
      achieved either a good or partial clinical response displayed a reduction in the
      number of colonies or clusters formed by their peripheral blood leukocytes in a
      double layer agar culture assay following incubation with vincristine. The CFU-C
      of five of six patients who failed to respond clinically to vincristine and
      prednisone were not suppressed following incubation with up to 12 microM
      vincristine. Three additional patients were not evaluable due to early post
      treatment deaths. In vitro assay of the effects of vincristine on CFU-C appears
      to have predictive value for in vivo response in blast crisis of CGL.

PMID- 6573128
TI  - Heterozygous expression of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
      determinants in the HLA system.
AB  - HLA phenotypes of cases with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and
      identity by descent of HLA haplotypes in affected sib-pairs support an
      intermediate model in which morbid risk is increased by one HLA-linked IDDM
      determinant, and greatly increased by two determinants, which may be
      qualitatively different in DR3 and DR4 haplotypes. Linkage analysis allowing for
      gametic disequilibrium reveals no recombination in pedigrees with a DR3/DR4
      propositus, but spurious recombination in the remaining pedigrees. This evidence
      favors interaction of unlinked IDDM determinants to produce affection in a small
      proportion of heterozygotes for an HLA-linked determinant. Partition of data by
      HLA type of the propositus (ideally by DR and the complement types jointly) is a
      powerful method to resolve etiological heterogeneity for HLA-associated diseases.

PMID- 6573129
TI  - Evidence for a dosage effect at the X-linked steroid sulfatase locus in human
      tissues.
AB  - Steroid sulfatase (STS) is an X-linked enzyme whose locus escapes X inactivation
      in human somatic cells. STS activity was determined in human fibroblasts varying
      in X-chromosome number from one to four. Greater STS activity was detected in 2X
      cell strains when compared to 1X cell strains; however, increased STS activity
      was not found in 3 and 4X strains as compared with the 2X strains. Greater STS
      activity was also observed in female hair follicles when compared with male hair
      follicles. These data provide evidence of a gene dosage effect at the STS locus
      in human tissues.

PMID- 6573130
TI  - Evaluating pedigree data. I. The estimation of pedigree error in the presence of
      marker mistyping.
AB  - Pedigrees used in the analysis of genetic or medical data are usually ascertained
      from sources subject to a variety of errors including misidentification of
      individuals, faults in historical documents or record linkage, nonpaternity, and
      unidentified adoption. Genetic markers can be used to verify putative family and
      pedigree data through the search for inconsistencies, or genetic exclusions,
      between putative parents and offspring. The probability of observing an exclusion
      given the occurrence of an error depends upon the gene frequencies at the loci
      under study and the forms of error. In addition, inconsistencies can arise from
      laboratory errors in marker determination. Together, these problems make the
      proper statistical analysis of such data desirable. Here we give a model that
      specifies the combined effects of various kinds of pedigree error along with
      genetic marker error. This model allows the maximum-likelihood estimation of the
      rates of various forms of pedigree error and laboratory error from genetic marker
      data collected on putative families. The method is illustrated by applying it to
      data obtained from a South Pacific island population, Tokelau. From the observed
      distribution of genetic marker inconsistencies between the parents and offspring
      of putative families, derived from the extensive genealogy of this population, we
      are able to estimate that the error of a paternal link is 4%, the error of a
      maternal link is zero, and the overall system typing error is 1%.

PMID- 6573132
TI  - Clinical and laboratory features of the myeloid and lymphocytic leukemias.
AB  - This paper reviews the pertinent presenting features (clinical and laboratory) in
      the myeloid and lymphocytic leukemias, with emphasis on findings in the blood
      smear. Cell counts and their diagnostic significance are discussed. Data reported
      are derived from a study of patients seen at the University of Rochester Medical
      Center between 1970 and 1982.

PMID- 6573131
TI  - Linkage between a marker locus and a quantitative trait of sibs.
AB  - Several variations of a method for detecting linkage between a marker locus and a
      quantitative trait in full sib families are presented along with computational
      details. All variations are based on contrasts within qualifying families of
      three or more sibs. The empirical powers of the various test statistics,
      evaluated by simulation, were very similar, and also similar to that of Smith.
      These single-generation tests are likely to be successful only for many families
      and relatively tight linkage.

PMID- 6573133
TI  - Blood and marrow morphology in acute leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy: a
      photo-essay.
AB  - Acute leukemia patients are often treated with drugs which have effects upon bone
      marrow cell production roles and which can alter the morphology of blood cells.
      In this paper some typical morphology findings in the marrow and blood are
      illustrated; the causes of the altered cellular appearances are discussed.

PMID- 6573135
TI  - Hematology problem: chronic neutrophilic leukemia.

PMID- 6573134
TI  - Hemopoietic stem cell disorders.
AB  - The hemopoietic stem cell diseases are the result of an injury to a primitive
      cell pool which may function as the stem cell pool for blood cell production. The
      wide variability in the morphologic expression (phenotype) of hemopoietic stem
      cell diseases is related to the intrinsic capabilities of stem cells to take
      various commitment pathways and proceed through many levels of differentiation
      and maturation.

PMID- 6573136
TI  - Blood groups, immunoglobulin allotypes and dermatoglyphic features of patients
      with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism-dementia of Guam.
AB  - Blood group frequencies, immunoglobulin allotypes, and dermatoglyphic patterns
      were determined on patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and
      parkinsonism-dementia (PD), two chronic, degenerative, neurologic disorders of
      unknown cause found commonly among the Chamorros of the Mariana Islands, in an
      attempt to identify a specific genetic or phenetic marker associated with either
      disorder. With the exception of the Kidd system, no significant differences were
      found in blood group frequencies nor in immunoglobulin allotypes between ALS
      patients, PD patients, and unaffected controls. The dermatoglyphic analysis
      demonstrated that ALS patients had higher frequencies of palmar patterns and
      accessory triradii in the IV interdigital area, and PD patients had significantly
      higher frequencies of complete simian creases and of palmar patterns in the
      thenar/I interdigital area than unaffected controls. The frequencies of the
      remaining dermatoglyphic traits showed no significant differences. We conclude
      that none of the marker systems tested show a particular pattern of association
      in patients and controls or a genetic predisposition to either disorder, and that
      early identification of at-risk individuals remains elusive.

PMID- 6573137
TI  - Search for a red cell enzyme or serum protein marker in amyotrophic lateral
      sclerosis and parkinsonism-dementia of Guam.
AB  - Frequency distributions were determined for 24 red cell enzyme and four serum
      protein systems, in an attempt to identify a genetic marker associated with
      either amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or parkinsonism-dementia (PD), two
      progressive and fatal neurological disorders of unknown cause found with
      unusually high incidence among the Chamorros of Guam and the Northern Mariana
      Islands. No striking associations were identified between either disorder and any
      of the gene markers tested. Thus, no genetic cause is known for either disease;
      local environmental factors are most likely involved in pathogenesis.

PMID- 6573138
TI  - Aspirin therapy in vernal conjunctivitis.
AB  - Prostaglandin D2 is a secondary mast cell mediator that causes redness, chemosis,
      mucous discharge, and eosinophil chemotaxis in the eye. It may play an important
      role in allergic ocular disease. Although histamine is a key mediator of allergic
      inflammation, antihistamine therapy provides only symptomatic relief. We added
      aspirin therapy to the treatment regimen of three patients with vernal
      conjunctivitis. Aspirin acetylates the enzyme cyclooxygenase, thereby preventing
      the formation of prostaglandin D2. Within two weeks after initiation of aspirin
      therapy, we noted dramatic improvement in conjunctival and episcleral redness and
      resolution of keratitis and limbal infiltration. We recommend a trial of oral
      aspirin as adjunctive therapy for intractable cases of vernal conjunctivitis.

PMID- 6573139
TI  - Quality assurance requirements of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of
      Hospitals.

PMID- 6573140
TI  - Orthodontic management of mandibular canine-incisor transposition.
AB  - This article presents five cases of an unusual dental anomaly--transposition of
      mandibular canine and lateral incisor. While every one of the presented cases had
      its individual characteristics, there are certain common traits. For instance,
      deciduous canines are usually retained, and the anomaly is found concurrent with
      other dental problems, such as congenital absence of teeth or peg-shaped lateral
      incisors. Many transposition cases also have a severe arch length discrepancy,
      which in itself may be an etiologic factor. In two of our cases orthodontic
      management included extraction of the transposed lateral incisor, whereas in the
      remaining three cases teeth were left in their transposed positions. On the basis
      of the longitudinal records of one of our cases, we speculate that there are
      early signs of transposition in the making, signs which should be recognized and
      which could possibly make transposition preventable.

PMID- 6573141
TI  - An American Board of Orthodontics case report.
AB  - A case report of a Class II, Division 2 malocclusion with a deep anterior
      overbite, mandibular first premolars lingual to the maxillary first premolars in
      centric occlusion, and a functional shift on closure, accompanied by moderate
      facial convexity with a deficient mandible anteriorly and vertically, treated to
      the standards of the American Board of Orthodontics, is presented.

PMID- 6573142
TI  - Adjunctive orthodontic therapy in the treatment of juvenile periodontitis: report
      of a case and review of the literature.
AB  - Historically, the patient with juvenile periodontitis (periodontosis) presented
      as somewhat of an unknown entity to the orthodontist. With uncertainties
      concerning etiology still present, the orthodontist may be hesitant to undertake
      orthodontic treatment for the juvenile periodontitis patient. The literature
      pertaining to proposed etiologic factors and treatment modalities for juvenile
      periodontitis is briefly reviewed. Current evidence indicates that juvenile
      periodontitis patients have a compromised host response which allows an
      exaggerated susceptibility to certain gram-negative organisms. The disease is
      characterized by rapidly progressing bone loss, which is not associated with
      marked local irritation or gingival inflammation. Early diagnosis and
      conservative periodontal treatment have demonstrated good results. However, cases
      of advanced lesions or those cases that also involve malocclusion and potential
      occlusal traumatism may benefit from adjunctive orthodontic therapy. Successful
      management of a case involving multiple tooth loss along with a moderate degree
      of malocclusion is presented, with emphasis on the coordination of periodontic,
      orthodontic, and prosthodontic care. Orthodontic movement of teeth into
      previously affected areas was quite successful after a short healing period
      following extractions. A suggested protocol for the combined orthodontic,
      periodontic, and fixed prosthodontic management of the juvenile periodontitis
      patient is presented. Once the disease process has been arrested, the prognosis
      of each tooth is evaluated and possible rehabilitations, including orthodontic
      treatment and fixed prostheses, are planned. Periodontal evaluations are
      scheduled concurrently with orthodontic appointments to monitor the condition as
      tooth movement occurs.

PMID- 6573143
TI  - An examination of treatment changes in children treated with the function
      regulator of Frankel.
AB  - Two groups of patients, one with a Class II, Division 1 malocclusion and the
      other with a Class III malocclusion, were treated with the Frankel appliance.
      Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken before and after correction of the
      arch relationship. An examination of the head films with the use of a digitizer
      and a computer suggests strongly that the principal changes produced by the
      appliance are dentoalveolar. The need for a randomized controlled clinical trial
      is emphasized.

PMID- 6573144
TI  - Studies on the efficacy of implants as orthodontic anchorage.
AB  - The abilities of two types of small cylindrical endosseous implant to resist
      movement when loaded with constant forces of orthodontic magnitudes were tested.
      Pairs of Bioglass-coated implants and pairs of Vitallium implants of the same
      size were implanted into the femurs of twelve rabbits. After a 28-day healing
      period, these implants were loaded with forces of 60 grams, 120 grams, and 180
      grams. Analysis of implant movement after 28 days revealed that no statistically
      significant movement occurred at any of the three force levels for either type of
      implant. Histologic evaluation revealed a connective tissue encapsulation with
      the Vitallium implant and an implant-bone bond with the Bioglass implant. No
      histologic evidence of implant movement was observed for either implant type at
      any force level.

PMID- 6573145
TI  - Mandibular rest position in subjects with high and low mandibular plane angles.
AB  - Studies have explored the relationship between different facial morphologies and
      mandibular posture; however, few conclusions can be drawn. The purpose of this
      study was to explore the effects of contrasting facial morphologies on both
      clinical and electromyographic rest positions of the mandible. Electromyographic
      and clinical rest positions were recorded in 10 subjects whose Frankfort
      horizontal-to-mandibular plane angles were less than 20 degrees (low-angle group)
      and in 10 whose angles were greater than 30 degrees (high-angle group). The
      vertical dimension of clinical rest position was recorded from soft tissue
      markings on the nose and chin after subjects wet their lips, swallowed, and
      pronounced Mississippi. Electromyographic rest was defined as the interincisal
      vertical dimension of minimal muscle activity as determined with an Enting Model
      220 EMG integrator and the Myotronics K-5 kinesiograph. Head posture was held
      constant to the subject's visual axis. The vertical dimension of clinical rest
      position was significantly greater in the low-angle group (X = 4.6 mm., S.D. =
      1.4) than in the high angle group (means = 3.1 mm., S.D. = 1.1); however, no
      differences were observed in the EMG rest positions, which were 9.9 and 9.7 mm.,
      respectively, for the low- and high-angle groups. These results do not support a
      simple mechanical explanation of jaw posture; however, these measurements need to
      be repeated with subjects selecting their preferred head inclination.

PMID- 6573146
TI  - Combined surgical and orthodontic treatment of bimaxillary protrusion.
AB  - Bimaxillary protrusion can be treated effectively in growing patients and in
      adults with conventional orthodontic therapy. In the adult patient, however,
      combined surgical and orthodontic treatment modalities may offer distinct
      advantages over such conventional therapy. Treatment time and possible adverse
      effects of lengthy and extensive orthodontic therapy may be reduced and optimum
      esthetic improvement may be facilitated. Those cases that exhibit severe skeletal
      discrepancies in the vertical, transverse, or sagittal dimensions in addition to
      dentoalveolar protrusion may be best treated in this manner to simultaneously
      correct all existing problems and obtain optimal esthetic and functional results.
      This article delineates the rationale for such therapy and tridimensional
      diagnostic and treatment-planning considerations from both the orthodontic and
      surgical standpoints. Case reports illustrate clinically the results obtainable
      with such treatment.

PMID- 6573147
TI  - Mouth breathing in allergic children: its relationship to dentofacial
      development.
AB  - While there are many claims that abnormal breathing patterns alter facial growth,
      there are limited controlled data to confirm this. We evaluated forty-five North
      American Caucasians of both sexes, ranging in age from 6 to 12 years. Thirty
      chronically allergic mouth-breathing subjects were selected from a pediatric
      allergy practice, and fifteen nonallergic nose breathers were selected from a
      general pediatric practice. Each subject underwent an intraoral clinical
      examination and a cephalometric radiograph analysis. Various skeletal and dental
      relationships were evaluated for statistical differences related to mode of
      breathing and age. The upper anterior facial height and the total anterior facial
      height were significantly larger in the mouth breathers. Angular relationships of
      the sella-nasion, palatal, and occlusal planes to the mandibular plane were
      greater in the mouth breathers, and their gonial angles were larger. The mouth
      breathers' maxillae and mandibles were more retrognathic. Palatal height was
      higher, and overjet was greater in the mouth breathers. Maxillary intermolar
      width was narrower in the mouth breathers and was associated with a higher
      prevalence of posterior cross-bite. Over all, mouth breathers had longer faces
      with narrower maxillae and retrognathic jaws. This supports previous claims that
      nasal airway obstruction is associated with aberrant facial growth. Longitudinal
      studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of early intervention in
      preventing these growth alterations.

PMID- 6573149
TI  - Portable ventilators under field conditions.
AB  - Twenty-eight field rescue units using mechanical ventilators were questioned
      about the incidence of practical difficulties encountered with their equipment.
      Eleven (39%) had used the equipment in an emergency. Sixty-one separate incidents
      were recorded, in 48 oxygen therapy alone was given but in 13 the equipment was
      used to ventilate the patients' lungs. Seven units (25%) experienced some sort of
      practical difficulty. Six units complained of trouble with servicing, five of
      which were frustrated by delays with replacement oxygen cylinders.

PMID- 6573148
TI  - Incisor position in Scandinavian children with ideal occlusion. A comparison with
      the Ricketts and Steiner standards.
AB  - A cephalometric study, with particular emphasis on incisor pattern, was carried
      out on thirty Norwegian children with clinically excellent occlusion in the young
      permanent dentition. The material was selected from a sample of all 12-year-old
      children within a particular geographic area (Nittedal) of Oslo. The frequency of
      ideal occlusion was 5.3 percent. A computer-based method of cephalometric
      analysis was used. The findings indicated that persons with untreated ideal
      occlusion tended to have a particular facial morphology and dental pattern. More
      precisely, they were likely to be brachyfacial (horizontal), with somewhat
      procumbent incisors and a small interincisal angle. Only one patient had
      dolichofacial (high-angle) characteristics. On average, the lower incisors were
      2.5 mm. in front of the APo plane (S.D. 1.7). Remarkably, the lower incisors were
      not behind the APo plane in any single case with ideal occlusion. Clearly, the
      lower incisors were clinically significantly more protruded and proclined than
      those described in previous studies on Scandinavian children and were, in fact,
      even slightly more procumbent than the Ricketts and Steiner standards. The
      similarity, with regard to both incisor position and skeletal pattern, of the
      present findings to some recent studies on American Caucasian children with
      normal occlusion is stressed. The significance of the observations is discussed
      in relationship to considerations in orthodontic treatment planning.

PMID- 6573150
TI  - Blistering of epoxy material of Narco Airshields ventilator.

PMID- 6573151
TI  - Advantages of standing bellows ventilators and low-flow techniques.

PMID- 6573152
TI  - Standards setting and the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals: the
      right and the responsibility of medicine.

PMID- 6573153
TI  - Clinical implications of receptor sensitivity modification.

PMID- 6573154
TI  - Genetic linkage data for the Dombrock blood group locus relative to chromosome 1
      and chromosome 4 loci.

PMID- 6573155
TI  - Absence of close linkage between Hereditary spherocytosis (SPH) and 24 genetic
      marker systems including HLA and GM.
AB  - A total of 250 individuals belonging to 19 different families, identified through
      established propositi were simultaneously screened for hereditary spherocytosis
      (SPH), using stringent criteria, and 27 well-known polymorphic genetic marker
      systems. The segregation analysis indicated that the pattern of inheritance of
      SPH in these families, being autosomal and dominant, had a 100% penetrance. A
      statistical analysis, using the LIPED computer program of Ott (1974), revealed
      the absence of close linkage between SPH and ABO, ACP1, ADA, AK1, C3, DIA2, ESD,
      FY, GC, GLO1, GM, GPT1, HLA, HPA, JK, K, KM, MNS, P, PGD, PGM1, PGP, PI, and RH.
      Since an earlier study by other investigators had convincingly suggested a
      linkage between SPH and GM, we subjected the data to further analysis and found
      no significant heterogeneity in our recombination values of linkage between SPH
      and GM, or any of the other informative loci.

PMID- 6573156
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787) in humans.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered N-formimidoyl thienamycin
      (MK0787) were studied in 14 healthy male subjects in a single-dose study, in
      which the volunteers received N-formimidoyl thienamycin with and without
      probenecid, and in a multiple-dose study, in which the subjects were given 250 or
      500 mg every 8 h for 10 doses. High dose-related plasma concentrations of N
      formimidoyl thienamycin were achieved; co-administration with probenecid resulted
      in only minor increases in these concentrations. No accumulation in plasma was
      seen after multiple doses. The plasma half-life of N-formimidoyl thienamycin was
      slightly less than 1 h and did not increase significantly with the
      coadministration of probenecid. The urinary recovery of N-formimidoyl thienamycin
      varied between 6.0 and 38.4% of the dose with a marked intersubject variability.
      Variations in individual subjects were small, however, when the urinary
      recoveries after repeated doses were compared. These results were in agreement
      with previous animal studies showing a renal metabolism of N-formimidoyl
      thienamycin. Probenecid administration resulted in a marked decrease in N
      formimidoyl thienamycin urinary recovery. In vitro experiments showed that the
      decay of N-formimidoyl thienamycin in spiked pretreatment urine samples was 2 to
      5%/h with more rapid degradation at acidic than at basic pH.

PMID- 6573157
TI  - Urinary recovery of N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787) as affected by
      coadministration of N-formimidoyl thienamycin dehydropeptidase inhibitors.
AB  - N-Formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787) undergoes renal metabolism by a dipeptidase,
      dehydropeptidase I, located on the brush border of the proximal tubular cells.
      The effects of two inhibitors (MK-789 and MK-791) of dehydropeptidase I on the
      pharmacokinetics of N-formimidoyl thienamycin were studied in 41 healthy subjects
      receiving various combinations of N-formimidoyl thienamycin and MK-789 or MK-791.
      Both inhibitors affected the plasma kinetics of N-formimidoyl thienamycin only to
      a small extent. Plasma concentrations and the area under the plasma concentration
      curve increased about 20% with a proportional decrease in plasma clearance.
      Plasma half-life was not altered significantly. Coadministration of MK-789 or MK
      791 resulted in uniform and marked increases in urinary recovery and renal
      clearance of N-formimidoyl thienamycin. Thus, at an N-formimidoyl thienamycin/MK
      791 ratio of 1:0.25 or higher, the urinary recovery was about 72% in all
      subjects, whereas it varied between 7.7 and 43% when N-formimidoyl thienamycin
      was given alone. The ratio of the N-formimidoyl thienamycin and MK-791 doses
      affected response. At relatively higher doses of MK-791, significant increases of
      N-formimidoyl thienamycin urinary recovery, renal clearance, and urine
      concentrations occurred during the later part of the 10-h observation period
      after each administration. At a 1:1 ratio of the two drugs, the inhibition of
      renal metabolism of N-formimidoyl thienamycin was maintained for at least 8 h,
      whereas renal clearance declined as soon as 4 h after the administration of a
      1:0.25 ratio. The results indicated that MK-789 and MK-791 alter the renal
      excretion of N-formimidoyl thienamycin from glomerular filtration plus tubular
      secretion to glomerular filtration only, possibly by competitively inhibiting the
      penetration of N-formimidoyl thienamycin into the proximal tubular cells.

PMID- 6573158
TI  - Interaction of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase with 2-carboxyhexitol
      1,6-bisphosphates.
AB  - 2-C-Carboxy-D-glucitol 1,6-bisphosphate (CGBP) and 2-C-carboxy-D-mannitol 1,6
      bisphosphate (CMBP) have been synthesized, isolated, and the structures of these
      compounds and the derived lactones elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and periodate
      oxidation. Both carboxyhexitol bisphosphates, which are homologs of the
      transition state analog 2-C-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate, exhibit
      competitive inhibiton of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (EC 4.1.1.9)
      isolated from spinach (Spinacia oleracea), with respect to ribulose 1,5
      bisphosphate. CMBP was a more potent inhibitor (100-fold) displaying an
      inhibition constant (Ki at pH 8.0 and 30 degrees C) of 1-2 microM with enzymes
      from spinach, barley (Hordeum vulgare), and Chromatium vinosum. In contrast the
      Rhodospirillum rubrum enzyme was inhibited about 40-fold more weakly (Ki = 53
      microM at pH 8.0 and 30 degrees C). Both CGBP and CMBP potentiated activation of
      RuBP carboxylase from spinach and R. rubrum.

PMID- 6573159
TI  - Pulmonary artery growth during treatment with oral prostaglandin E2 in ductus
      dependent cyanotic congenital heart disease.
AB  - Growth of the pulmonary arteries was assessed in 11 patients with cyanotic
      congenital heart disease treated with oral prostaglandin E2. Each patient was
      dependent on patency of the ductus arteriosus for maintenance of the pulmonary
      circulation. Measurements were made initially from angiographic data obtained in
      the neonatal period. Subsequent assessments were made at the time of surgery
      after an interval of 2-8 months, during which time all the infants had gained
      weight normally. Comparisons were made with data obtained from 13 normal necropsy
      specimens. In only 4 of the 11 patients had the pulmonary arteries grown
      appreciably during the treatment period. In 2 patients no growth occurred, while
      in 5 patients the pulmonary arteries had actually become smaller. It had been
      hoped that the pulmonary arteries would grow in all 11 patients during this
      period, facilitating later surgical intervention. In patients with ductus
      dependent cyanotic congenital heart disease, the prolonged use of oral
      prostaglandin E2 should be restricted to patients in whom the pulmonary arteries
      are too small to allow a palliative operation to be performed initially.

PMID- 6573160
TI  - Hyperlipidemia in the Pacific Northwest Bell Telephone Company Health Survey.
      Part 2. Lipoprotein lipid interrelationships.
AB  - The relationships of lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride among lipoprotein
      fractions have potential significance for understanding atherogenesis and
      distinguishing among different classes of hyperlipidemia. We have compared these
      relationships in normolipidemic, hypercholesterolemic, hypertriglyceridemic, and
      combined hyperlipidemic participants in the Pacific Northwest Bell Telephone
      Company Health Survey. The cholesterol/triglyceride ratio in each lipoprotein
      fraction was moderately higher (1% to 26%) in hypercholesterolemia but
      significantly lower (20% to 50%) in hypertriglyceridemia, compared to
      normolipidemia. In combined hyperlipidemia, the very low density lipoprotein
      ratios were lower than in normolipidemia, but larger than in
      hypertriglyceridemia. These changes were directionally the same, but differed
      quantitatively, in both men and women. Correlation coefficients between
      cholesterol and triglyceride within each fraction varied by gender and sex
      hormone use. The largest correlations were seen in combined hyperlipidemic men
      for very low density lipoproteins, normolipidemic men for low density
      lipoproteins, and combined hyperlipidemic women taking hormones for high density
      lipoproteins. The correlation of very low and low density lipoprotein cholesterol
      was generally negative and was strongest for hormone users (r = -0.81) and
      weakest for nonusers (r = -0.06). Very low density lipoprotein triglyceride and
      high density lipoprotein cholesterol correlations were generally negative and
      were strongest in hypertriglyceridemic women not taking hormones (r = -0.55) and
      weakest in normolipidemic hormone users (r = -0.10). This correlation was
      positive for hypertriglyceridemic and combined hyperlipidemic hormone users.

PMID- 6573161
TI  - Influence of weight reduction on plasma lipoproteins in obese patients.
AB  - To determine the influence of weight reduction on plasma lipoproteins, studies
      were carried out in 15 nondiabetic patients of varying degrees of obesity and
      four obese insulin-dependent diabetics. All studies were carried out on a
      metabolic ward and patients underwent three dietary periods: Period I, 4 to 5
      weeks of weight maintenance in the obese state; Period II, caloric restriction to
      1000 kcal/day to a weight loss of within 10% of ideal body weight; and Period
      III, again weight maintenance for 4 to 5 weeks near ideal body weight. Similar
      results were obtained for both nondiabetics and diabetics. Many patients had
      mildly elevated plasma triglycerides in Period I; they fell to the normal range
      in Period II and remained low in Period III. Total cholesterol levels decreased
      early in Period II, but levels began to rise near the end of caloric restriction,
      and in Period III, they were similar to Period I. Low density lipoprotein
      cholesterol levels followed a pattern similar to that of total cholesterol. High
      density lipoprotein cholesterol was relatively low in Period I (38 +/- 2 mg/dl +/
      SEM); throughout weight loss, levels tended to rise, and in Period III, the
      average high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly higher (46 +/- 2
      mg/dl).

PMID- 6573162
TI  - A study of the apolar interaction of the enzyme rhodanese with octyl substituted
      agarose gel.

PMID- 6573164
TI  - Occlusion and restorative dentistry for the general practitioner.

PMID- 6573163
TI  - [Value of liver puncture-biopsy for diagnosis, classification and treatment of
      chronic hepatitis].
AB  - In the assessment of chronic hepatitis, the liver biopsy serves the following
      purposes: 1) to confirm the fact that it is chronic. 2) to evaluate its degree of
      activity. 3) to check if there is cirrhosis or not. 4) to seek morphological
      proofs for the presence of viral, drug-induced or other aetiological agents. 5)
      to follow the evolution (in the natural course or during treatment) of the
      disease by comparing repeated liver biopsies. The initial classification of
      chronic hepatitis--proposed in 1968--has been reviewed by numerous authors; at
      the moment, it seems necessary, in order to correlate clinical and histological
      results better, to emphasize two important facts: 1) the spreading of liver
      necrosis if there is chronic active hepatitis. 2) the presence--or not--of
      cirrhosis. Some morphological arguments could be useful in order to diagnose the
      aetiology of chronic hepatitis. Empirical and specific immunological methods have
      become available for demonstrating HBsAg. If a chronic active hepatitis with
      multisystem involvement and/or abnormal serum antibodies is diagnosed,
      corticosteroid therapy is indicated. In others cases, especially those with virus
      B disease, the treatment differs according to medical teams.

PMID- 6573166
TI  - The role of the dental hygienist.

PMID- 6573165
TI  - Anaesthetic deaths.

PMID- 6573167
TI  - An enigmatic wisdom tooth.

PMID- 6573168
TI  - Hazard of UV-cured composites?

PMID- 6573169
TI  - Dentistry at the crossroads.

PMID- 6573170
TI  - The treatment of a severe class II division 2 malocclusion utilising a removable
      appliance to effect maxillary incisor root torque.

PMID- 6573171
TI  - The modified Z-spring.

PMID- 6573172
TI  - Unintentional transplantation.

PMID- 6573173
TI  - Lofgren's syndrome.

PMID- 6573174
TI  - Advice for those organising meetings.

PMID- 6573175
TI  - Why not run your next conference on a computer?

PMID- 6573176
TI  - The Shetland Islands: longitudinal changes in alcohol consumption in a changing
      environment.

PMID- 6573177
TI  - Controlling alcohol abuse in Australia: from treatment to prevention.

PMID- 6573178
TI  - The Piccadilly drug scene.

PMID- 6573179
TI  - Minimizing alcohol related offences by enforcement of the existing licensing
      legislation.

PMID- 6573180
TI  - A comparative study of the amount of smoke absorbed from low yield ('less
      hazardous') cigarettes. Part 2: Invasive measures.

PMID- 6573181
TI  - Development of a questionnaire to measure alcohol dependence.

PMID- 6573182
TI  - Involvement of prostaglandins in vasopressin stimulation of the human uterus.
AB  - The involvement of prostaglandins (PG) in the vasopressin (VP) action on the
      human uterus was investigated in healthy women during three menstruations.
      Intrauterine pressure was recorded and total pressure area measured. Repeated
      plasma samples were taken for estimations of arginine(A)- and lysine(L)-VP, 15
      keto-13,14-dihydro-PGF2 alpha and 11-ketotetranor PGF metabolites. During the
      first menstruation LVP was infused in a dose of 0.08 micrograms/min. During the
      second menstruation the infusion of LVP was repeated with the same dose, but 70
      min before infusion the women received an oral dose of 500 mg of naproxen. During
      the third menstruation PGF2 alpha was administered intravenously in a dose of 25
      micrograms/min. LVP infusion per se caused a significant increase in uterine
      activity and plasma levels of LVP and PG metabolites. When the women were
      pretreated with naproxen practically the same uterine activity was induced and
      closely similar plasma levels of LVP were obtained, but the levels of PG
      metabolites decreased significantly in comparison with the first series of
      experiments. Infusion of PGF2 alpha caused an increase in uterine activity but no
      change in the plasma levels of AVP. The results indicate that uterine stimulation
      with VP is possible without an obligatory last step of PG synthesis and release.
      The results also support the concept that an elevated VP level in primary
      dysmenorrhoea may be of aetiological importance and is not just released as a
      'stress'-hormone because of the dysmenorrhoeic pain.

PMID- 6573183
TI  - The versatility of the lateral tongue flap in the reconstruction of defects of
      the oral cavity.
AB  - The full thickness, posteriorly based, lateral tongue flap is described and the
      excellence of the blood supply is emphasised. The surgical technique is discussed
      and the application of the flap in the reconstruction of defects of the palate,
      cheek and floor of the mouth is illustrated. The versatility of the method is
      stressed, together with advantages over regional skin flaps when used for the
      same purpose.

PMID- 6573184
TI  - Do lingual flaps interfere with speech and eating?

PMID- 6573185
TI  - A modified flap for apicectomy.
AB  - A modified flap for apicectomy is described which is of considerable value for
      apicectomy performed where there is advanced crown and bridge work and extensive
      apical pathology. It eliminates many of the major disadvantages of other standard
      flaps. This is a technique which is designed to deal with cases which for one
      reason or another are not suitable for routine apical surgery. It ensures an
      adequate layer closure with deep support to the suture line.

PMID- 6573186
TI  - Stomatitis and recurrent oral ulceration: is a full blood screen necessary?
AB  - A full haematology screen was carried out on 398 patients under investigation for
      recurrent oral ulceration or stomatitis. Thirty-three patients were found to have
      lowered serum folate and/or red cell folate levels without iron deficiency. Of
      these only six were found to have a mean corpuscular volume (MCV) outside normal
      limits or to have recognisable erythrocyte abnormalities. No correlation was
      found between serum or red cell folate levels and the MCV. Eighteen patients were
      found to have lowered serum B12 levels without iron deficiency, of these seven
      were found to have a MCV outside normal limits. A significant negative
      correlation was found between serum B12 levels and the MCV. It is concluded that
      haematological screening in these cases should include estimations of serum
      folate, red cell folate and serum B12 levels even in the face of an apparently
      normal peripheral blood film.

PMID- 6573187
TI  - Multisystem sarcoid presenting with gingival hyperplasia.
AB  - A case is reported in which granulomatous gingival hyperplasia was the presenting
      feature of generalised sarcoidosis. Treatment with oral prednisolone resulted in
      resolution of both the granulomatous lesion of the gums, and of proteinuria. It
      is pointed out that although on histological examination sarcoidosis in this site
      cannot be distinguished from Crohn's disease, the clinical appearance in this
      patient (and the only similar case in the literature) was quite different from
      that seen in oral Crohn's disease.

PMID- 6573188
TI  - Surgical access to a complex composite odontome by sagittal splitting of the
      mandible.

PMID- 6573189
TI  - Cancellous osteoma of the coronoid process: report of a case.

PMID- 6573190
TI  - Squamous cell carcinoma arising in the lining of an odontogenic cyst.

PMID- 6573191
TI  - Central cavernous haemangioma of an edentulous maxilla.

PMID- 6573192
TI  - Facial sinus caused by a foreign body in the submandibular salivary duct.

PMID- 6573193
TI  - Children's perceptions of their own malocclusions.
AB  - Recognition by a parent or child of an occlusal abnormality is one of the many
      factors which may influence a desire for orthodontic treatment. Non-orthodontists
      may not estimate the severity of malocclusion reliably and may use different
      criteria from orthodontists for the process. The present study therefore sought
      to examine the reliability of parents' and children's perceptions of the
      children's own malocclusions with rating scales under two anchoring conditions
      and to test the discrepancy between their estimates and those of a panel of
      orthodontists. The children's and parents' assessments had limited test-retest
      reliability but instead of making guesses about the severity of their
      malocclusions they consistently gave low estimates. These effects were not
      influenced by the additional anchoring stimuli.

PMID- 6573194
TI  - The management of class III and class III tendency occlusions using headgear to
      the mandibular dentition.
AB  - The use of extra-oral traction to the lower arch in the treatment of Class III
      malocclusion is described. The results of the treatment of 43 consecutive cases
      employing both removable and fixed appliances are analysed and compared with an
      untreated control group of 15 further cases. It was found that the Class III
      malocclusion in the study fell into three groups, the characteristic of each
      group giving an indication of the recommended treatment approach.

PMID- 6573195
TI  - Proximal caries increment in connection with orthodontic treatment with removable
      appliances.
AB  - The progression of proximal caries on canines, premolars and molars has been
      studied among 129 children treated with removable orthodontic appliances. The
      registration of carious lesions was performed on posterior bitewing radiographs
      taken before and after the orthodontic treatment. The children in this
      investigation showed a higher proximal caries progression than children treated
      with fixed orthodontic appliances where bands had been used. However, in
      comparison with caries data from epidemiological investigations in children of
      similar ages from the same area no difference was noted.

PMID- 6573196
TI  - Orthodontic movement of a horizontal root fractured tooth.

PMID- 6573197
TI  - The reliability of contour photography for facial measurements.
AB  - Contour photography is a light sectioning technique for three-dimensional facial
      measurement in which telecentric lenses are used to eliminate divergence. In this
      paper the reproducibility of the technique is assessed using firstly an inanimate
      object and then a sample of 12 carefully posed mature subjects. The problems
      inherent in the technique are discussed and its use as an alternative to
      stereophotogrammetry for three-dimensional facial measurement is evaluated.

PMID- 6573198
TI  - The effects of nasal trauma during childhood upon growth of the nose and midface.
AB  - Cephalometric radiographs from a group of adults who had suffered nasal trauma
      during childhood were compared with random controls. Significant differences were
      found between mean measurements for the two groups, which indicated aberrations
      in the growth of the midface in patients from the study group. The vertical
      component of facial development was also altered, being increased in the study
      group.

PMID- 6573199
TI  - Epidemiological survey of occlusion in North India.

PMID- 6573200
TI  - A new method of attaching headgear to upper removable appliances.

PMID- 6573201
TI  - The effect of the supra-alveolar soft tissue on the relapse of orthodontic
      treatment.
AB  - Orthodontic closure in cases of aplasia as also in patients with spaces of other
      genesis is often associated with problems of relapse. In this study ten patients
      were treated orthodontically in order to close unacceptable interdental spaces.
      Five patients had paired aplasia. The remaining five patients had interdental
      spaces of different genesis. Supra-crestal connective tissue fibres were
      surgically removed in all patients but only on one side of the jaw in the
      children with paired aplasia. The non-operated side of these children served as a
      control side. The stability of the orthodontic treatment was acceptable. No
      definite difference between the operated and the control side was recorded. The
      histological analysis of the removed tissue did not reveal anything unexpected
      but a rich infiltration of inflammatory cells. It is suggested that inflammation
      might aid the reorganization of the connective tissues in this area.

PMID- 6573202
TI  - A comparative occlusal and cephalometric study of dental and skeletal
      anteroposterior relationships.

PMID- 6573203
TI  - Direct enzyme-catalyzed reduction of anthracyclines by reduced nicotinamide
      adenine dinucleotide.

PMID- 6573204
TI  - Identification of the catalytic subunit of an oligomeric casein kinase (G type).
      Affinity labeling of the nucleotide site using 5'-[p
      (fluorosulfonyl)benzoyl]adenosine.
AB  - Identification of the catalytic subunit of a G type [using guanosine 5'
      triphosphate (GTP) as well as adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) as phosphate
      donor], oligomeric, cyclic nucleotide independent casein kinase purified from
      bovine lung was carried out after reaction with 5'-[p-(fluorosulfonyl)
      benzoyl]adenosine (FSBA) and isolation of the subunit components of the enzyme.
      FSBA exhibited the major characteristics of an affinity label reacting at the
      nucleotide (ATP, GTP) site of the casein kinase. FSBA acted as a competitive
      inhibitor of ATP (and GTP), led to complete inactivation of the enzyme in a
      reaction showing two kinetic steps, and became irreversibly bound to the protein.
      After being labeled with FSBA, the casein kinase (apparent molecular weight of
      140 000) was separated into its two monomeric components of apparent molecular
      weights 38 000 (alpha) and 27 000 (beta), respectively, after sodium dodecyl
      sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Use of radioactive FSBA showed that
      specific affinity labeling was limited to the alpha casein kinase subunit. This
      result was in agreement with the fact that casein kinase activity was found
      associated with the alpha monomer after electrophoretic separation of the alpha
      and beta subunits. It may thus be concluded that the largest (alpha) subunit
      contains the catalytic site of the casein kinase G. Electrophoretic analysis of
      purified protein kinase under denaturing conditions suggested an alpha 3 beta 2
      combination for an apparent molecular weight of 130 000-140 000. However, a
      maximum of 2 mol of FSBA could be specifically bound to the alpha subunit per mol
      of enzyme, with a concomitant complete inactivation. These data would be in
      agreement with an alpha 2 beta 2 subunit composition for casein kinase G, as
      proposed by other research groups for a similar type of protein kinase of
      different sources. These observations suggest that the alpha subunits are
      functionally similar, each of them containing a nucleotide (ATP, GTP) binding
      site. The possible role of the beta subunit in the enzyme activity remains to be
      established.

PMID- 6573205
TI  - Reversibility of the phosphate transfer between ATP and phosphoproteins catalysed
      by a cyclic nucleotide independent (G type) casein kinase.
AB  - Purified casein kinase G was found able to catalyse the synthesis of [gamma
      32P]ATP in the presence of ADP, phosphocasein (previously 32P-labeled by the
      forward kinase reaction) and magnesium. Apparent Km values of approx. 0.5 mM for
      phosphocasein and 7.5 mM for ADP were calculated, these values indicating low
      affinities for the substrates as compared to those exhibited for casein and ATP
      in the forward reaction. The reverse casein kinase G activity appeared to prefer
      ADP and GDP as phosphate acceptors. Whereas the casein kinase G reverse reaction
      could be supported by casein, phosvitin and histone previously phosphorylated by
      the enzyme, the same proteins could not serve as a phosphate source when
      previously phosphorylated by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Forward and
      reverse casein kinase G reactions exhibited different optimal pH values (8.5 and
      7.2, respectively) and a different sensitivity to Mg2+. Spermine, which activated
      the kinase activity, blocked the reverse reaction at millimolar concentrations.
      Although the biological significance of the casein kinase G reverse activity
      remains to be assessed in intact cell, the process may be useful as a tool in the
      characterization of phosphorylatable sites in phosphoproteins.

PMID- 6573206
TI  - A reliable method for isolating endometrial epithelial cells from rabbits, and
      preliminary studies of prostaglandin uptake.
AB  - Endometrial epithelial cells were isolated enzymatically from intact, everted
      uteri of mature rabbits and then by sedimentation at unit gravity. Electron
      microscopic examination of these cells taken from estrous and pseudopregnant
      animals showed that the preparation contained almost pure endometrial cells in
      the form of "plaques" with little contamination with other cell types. The cells
      were judged viable on the basis of the trypan blue exclusion test and the
      presence of motile cilia. It was observed that pinocytotic activity was greatest
      at estrus, and declined thereafter, while release of secretory granules increased
      during pseudopregnancy. There was also a marked increase in the number of free
      ribosomes and mitochondria as pseudopregnancy progressed (estrus less than 4 day
      less than 6 day less than 7 day). The cisternae of the rough endoplasmic
      reticulum were least at 6 days and the Golgi stacks greatest in size and number
      at 7 days. The uptake of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and F2 alpha by epithelial cells
      isolated from rabbits at estrus and at 4, 6, and 7 days of pseudopregnancy was
      then determined. The magnitude of PG accumulation was found to vary among the
      different groups. At low extracellular concentrations, accumulation of both PGE2
      and PGF2 alpha was greatest in the estrous state, much less at 4 days, and least
      at 6 days of pseudopregnancy. At 7 days of pseudopregnancy, the uptake of PGs was
      similar to those values obtained at 4 days. These studies indicate that both PGE2
      and PGF2 alpha are accumulated by epithelial endometrial cells as a result of a
      mechanism(s) that is more complex than a saturable, specific receptor-dependent
      binding system.

PMID- 6573207
TI  - Cancer and secondary leukemia.
AB  - Acute myeloid leukemia or one of its variants is being reported with increasing
      frequency as a second neoplasm in patients being treated for multiple myeloma,
      Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and a variety of other primary
      neoplasms and non-neoplastic diseases. Although many of these patients were
      treated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, many received no radiotherapy at
      all. Drugs most frequently implicated in the causation of acute leukemia and
      other second neoplasms are the alkylating agents, procarbazine and the
      nitrosoureas. The frequency of this syndrome varies from less than 1 per cent to
      7 per cent in many reported series of patients. There could develop a reluctance
      to use cytotoxic agents to treat malignant neoplasms for fear of inducing acute
      leukemia. Although one has to consider this complication, one should not,
      however, withhold these drugs from a patient with a neoplasm or other potentially
      fatal disease in whom such therapy is the treatment of choice. We seem to be
      faced with the paradox that patients benefiting most from chemotherapy may be at
      highest risk of suffering its undesirable consequences. Although the risk of
      leukemogenesis or carcinogenesis in man may be small, these drugs should be used
      with caution in patients with indolent non-neoplastic diseases such as rheumatoid
      arthritis.

PMID- 6573208
TI  - The views of the medical profession.

PMID- 6573209
TI  - Struggle for the assurance of access to health care. 1982 Annual Health
      Conference, The New York Academy of Medicine. Concluding remarks.

PMID- 6573210
TI  - The views of business.

PMID- 6573211
TI  - The medical aspects of alcoholism.

PMID- 6573212
TI  - Interactions between hospitals and the Division of Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse.

PMID- 6573213
TI  - Patterns of general hospital utilization for the diagnosis of uncomplicated
      alcoholism.

PMID- 6573214
TI  - Third party reimbursement for alcoholism services.

PMID- 6573215
TI  - Alcoholics in emergency rooms.

PMID- 6573216
TI  - Comprehensive model of alcoholism treatment in a general hospital.

PMID- 6573217
TI  - Alcoholism consultation and liaison in a general hospital.

PMID- 6573218
TI  - Prevention and alcoholism: the employee assistance program in health care
      institutions.

PMID- 6573219
TI  - Management of a demented patient.

PMID- 6573220
TI  - Immediate verbal communication following laryngectomy.

PMID- 6573221
TI  - Microwave oven burn.

PMID- 6573222
TI  - Position on nuclear weaponry. The New York Academy of Medicine.

PMID- 6573223
TI  - Hepatitis B--a ten day "cure". A personal history.

PMID- 6573224
TI  - Family history study of anorexia nervosa and bulimia.
AB  - The 420 first-degree relatives of 14 patients with anorexia nervosa, 55 patients
      with bulimia, and 20 patients with both disorders were evaluated for the presence
      of psychiatric illness, using DSM-III criteria, by the family history method. The
      morbid risk for affective disorder in the families of the eating disorder
      probands was similar to that found in the families of patients with bipolar
      disorder; but was significantly greater than that found in the families of
      patients with schizophrenia or borderline personality disorder. These results add
      to the growing evidence that anorexia nervosa and bulimia are closely related to
      affective disorder.

PMID- 6573225
TI  - Binge-eating and self-induced vomiting in the community. A preliminary study.
AB  - This study examined by questionnaire the prevalence of binge-eating and self
      induced vomiting among a sample of 369 consecutive attenders at a family planning
      clinic. 20.9 per cent reported current episodes of uncontrollable and excessive
      eating ('binges'), 2.9 per cent currently induced vomiting as a means of weight
      control; and 4.9 per cent reported using laxatives. Binge-eating and self-induced
      vomiting were strongly associated with disturbed attitudes to food, eating, body
      weight and shape; and with psychiatric disturbance. Menstrual dysfunction was not
      associated with either body weight or binge-eating; it was however associated
      with psychiatric state. Applying conservative rules, 1.9 per cent appeared to
      fulfil diagnostic criteria for the recently described syndrome bulimia nervosa.

PMID- 6573226
TI  - Meningeal relapse in Ph1-positive acute lymphoblastic and lymphoid blast crisis
      of chronic granulocytic leukemia. Is CNS-prophylaxis indicated?
AB  - Two cases of Ph1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and one case of
      lymphoid blast crisis (LyBc) of chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) treated with
      standard chemotherapy for ALL are presented. Hematologic remissions lasting 6,
      12, and 15 months were achieved in all cases. Meningeal relapse occurred in all
      three, terminating remission in two cases and occurring immediately after
      systemic relapse in the third. No CNS-prophylaxis was given to the patient who
      relapsed at six months. Methotrexate (MTX) alone or combined with cranial
      irradiation formed the prophylaxis given in the other cases. Experience of these
      patients together with an analysis of reported cases of Ph1 ALL and CGL-LyBc
      suggests CNS-prophylaxis may prolong first remission. A large scale trial of this
      appears indicated.

PMID- 6573227
TI  - Ascending myeloencephalopathy due to intrathecal vincristine sulfate. A fatal
      chemotherapeutic error.
AB  - A case of fatal myeloencephalopathy secondary to accidental intrathecal
      administration of vincristine is reported in a 16-year-old boy. He underwent a
      progressive ascending chemical meningoencephalitis leading to coma, and died 36
      days after the injection. Multiple samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum
      were assayed for vincristine sulfate. CSF levels of vincristine were consistently
      much higher than serum levels. At autopsy, all regions of the brain that had been
      in direct contact with the CSF were necrotic. The spinal cord was likewise
      necrotic throughout its length. Microscopically there was total neuronal loss
      with tissue destruction in the affected regions. The presence of numerous
      gemistocytic astrocytes, some in arrested mitosis, was a conspicuous feature in
      these areas. Three previous reports of intrathecal vincristine instillation are
      reviewed. No treatment for this devastating iatrogenic error exists, underscoring
      the importance of preventive measures in chemotherapy administration.

PMID- 6573228
TI  - A summary of cytogenetic studies on 534 cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia in
      Japan.
AB  - Cytogenetic and clinical data on 534 patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia
      (CML) were collected from 10 institutions in Japan. The results of the analysis
      of the data were in substantial accord with those of the First International
      Workshop on Chromosomes in Leukemia and other published data, but certain
      differences were noted in the frequency of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-negative
      cases, unusual and complex Ph1 translocations, and additional chromosome changes.
      Some of the findings are discussed with respect to the origin of unusual and
      complex Ph1 translocations, the relationship between chromosome abnormalities and
      survival, and geographic differences in chromosome abnormalities.

PMID- 6573230
TI  - West African chewing sticks.

PMID- 6573229
TI  - Human spontaneous lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (SLMC) against malignant and
      normal tissue-derived target cell lines tested in autologous and allogeneic
      combinations by the microcytotoxicity assay.
AB  - Effector cell types and effector mechanisms of human spontaneous lymphocyte
      mediated cytotoxicity (SLMC) were studied in a 44-h microcytotoxicity titration
      assay. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from cancer patients and controls were used
      as effector cells either unfractionated or after fractionation by rosetting
      techniques or affinity chromatography. The possible immunoglobulin dependency of
      the reactions was studied by incorporation of specific Fab fragments of rabbit
      anti-human IgG antibodies in the incubation mixtures. Twelve different target
      cell lines of either high or low sensitivity to SLMC and with or without easily
      detectable HLA antigens were used. Most of the target cells were cell lines
      derived from transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (TCC). Both
      allogeneic and autologous lymphocyte target cell combinations were tested.
      Although high- and low-sensitivity target cells differed significantly in
      susceptibility to lysis, the predominating SLMC was displayed by Fc-receptor
      positive lymphocytes in both allogeneic and autologous combinations. Addition of
      the Fab anti-immunoglobulin reagent to the incubation mixtures resulted in strong
      inhibition of cytotoxicity regardless of the type of target cells used and in
      allogeneic as well as in autologous lymphocyte target cell mixtures. However, in
      some combinations no inhibition was seen and inhibition was usually not complete,
      suggesting that both immunoglobulin-dependent (i.e., ADCC-like) and
      immunoglobulin-independent mechanisms were involved in the cytotoxicity
      reactions. The results of the microcytotoxicity assay were compared with those
      obtained with aliquots of the same lymphocytes and target cells in an 18-h 51Cr
      release assay. While similar results were obtained with high-sensitivity target
      cells, with low-sensitivity targets and in some autologous combinations the two
      assay systems registered lymphocyte/target cell interactions which differed with
      regard to specificity, effector cell type, and immunoglobulin dependency.

PMID- 6573231
TI  - The significance of consciousness during sedation techniques.

PMID- 6573232
TI  - Augmentation of prostaglandin and thromboxane production in vitro by monocytes
      exposed to histamine-induced suppressor factor (HSF).
AB  - A possible mechanism to explain the suppression of mitogen-induced lymphocyte
      proliferation in vitro by histamine-stimulated mononuclear cells was
      investigated. In initial experiments, the inhibitory action of histamine-induced
      suppressor factor (HSF) on lymphocyte proliferation was documented to be reduced
      by the addition of indomethacin (1 microgram/ml). Moreover, the addition of
      exogeneous PGE2 (10(-7)-10(-8) M) to mononuclear cell cultures reconstituted HSF
      activity in the presence of indomethacin. In order to ascertain the nature of the
      target cell responding to HSF, control and suppressor supernatants were incubated
      with human lymphocytes or monocytes (5 X 10(6) cells/ml) for 24 hr. Following
      incubation, the supernatants were assayed for their content of prostaglandin E2,
      F2 alpha, and thromboxane B2. Monocytes (but not lymphocytes) incubated with
      supernatants containing HSF increased their production of prostaglandin E2, F2
      alpha, and thromboxane B2 by 169, 53, and 49%, respectively. Suppressor
      supernatants were generated with histamine or an H-2 agonist (dimaprit) and
      chromatographed by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. The elution profiles for the
      factor(s) inducing suppression of lymphocyte proliferation (25-40,000 daltons)
      and augmenting PGE2 production (25,000 daltons) overlapped but were not
      identical. Collectively, these data suggest that HSF-mediated inhibition of
      lymphocyte proliferation may occur in part through the augmented production of
      prostaglandins and/or thromboxane B2 by human monocytes.

PMID- 6573233
TI  - Hexosaminidase isoenzyme profiles in leukemic cells.
AB  - The isoenzyme profiles of hexosaminidase in leukemic cells from 39 patients were
      examined with DEAE-Sephadex chromatography. There was a clear difference in the
      isoenzyme composition between normal lymphocytes and granulocytes. In acute non
      T/non-B lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) a characteristic alteration was found in the
      intermediate forms of hexosaminidase (Hex I), which was significantly higher than
      those of normal lymphocytes (p less than 0.001). Subtypes of Hex I (Hex i1-i4)
      and the heterogeneity of their abnormal expression in ALL was demonstrated. There
      was no type-specific alteration of the isoenzyme profiles in T-cell leukemia.
      Leukemic cells of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) had significantly higher Hex P
      component than granulocytes (p less than 0.01) and ALL cells (p less than 0.01).
      The increase of Hex P was evident in childhood AML. There was a significant
      difference in Hex P level between childhood AML and adult myelo(mono)genous
      leukemia (p less than 0.001). Chronic myelo(mono)genous leukemia showed similar
      isoenzyme compositions to normal granulocytes. The isoenzyme profiles in acute
      undifferentiated leukemia differed from those in other types of leukemia.
      Isoenzyme analysis might be useful for probing the nature and the intrinsic
      biochemical abnormality of leukemic cells.

PMID- 6573234
TI  - Applicability of multiple covariance analysis in caries studies.
AB  - The relationship between pre- and posttreatment DMFS measures in clinical trials
      of dentifrices may be quadratic rather than linear and, if linear, the slope may
      differ from one. Given either of these eventualities the traditional DMFS
      increment measurement does not utilize all the information available in the pre
      DMFS baseline score. If nonlinearity is present, analysis of multiple covariance
      with parameters derived from a polynomial regression is indicated.

PMID- 6573235
TI  - Reliability of a self-administered questionnaire for screening for medical
      problems in dentistry.
AB  - The importance of a medical history to identify potential problems in dental
      management is self-evident but the means of collecting medical data vary widely.
      This study has assessed the reliability of a self-administered questionnaire
      (SAQ) used by 292 randomly selected adult dental out-patients (mean age 41.7
      years) attending the oral medicine clinic of a dental teaching hospital. Results
      of the SAQ were compared with the history taken by receiving surgeons.
      Significant discrepancies were revealed not only in the SAQ but also in the
      history taken by the receiving surgeon, although the latter produced a more
      comprehensive record. Maximum yield of information regarding known medical
      problems was only produced by using the self-administered questionnaire with a
      check of this by the receiving surgeon.

PMID- 6573237
TI  - Co-twin control study of the relationship between smoking and some periodontal
      disease factors.
AB  - The study was based on 164 twin pairs from the older cohort of the Swedish twin
      registry. The main purpose of the study was to analyze previously recorded data
      concerning gingival bleeding in members of twin pairs with differing smoking
      exposure. Other periodontal disease factors analyzed were plaque index, alveolar
      bone index and tooth loss. It was found that the degree of alveolar bone loss and
      the number of teeth lost were greater in twins with a high life-time smoking
      exposure than in their twin partners with a low life-time exposure. Contrary to
      expectation, it was found that gingival bleeding propensity was less prevalent in
      the high exposure group. It is concluded that the validity of gingival bleeding
      as a sign and a symptom of inflammatory periodontal disease may be reduced as a
      consequence of smoking.

PMID- 6573236
TI  - Dose-response relationship between water fluoride levels and the category of
      questionable dental fluorosis.
AB  - There is a dose-response relationship between the prevalence of the questionable
      category of dental fluorosis as reported by various authors and the drinking
      water fluoride level. While the possibility that chance could have produced this
      trend cannot be conclusively ruled out, a distinct pattern of increasing
      prevalence with increasing water fluoride level can be discerned. Such a pattern
      is not compatible with the concept of a threshold level for the action of
      fluoride ion on the enamel organ.

PMID- 6573238
TI  - Prevalence of retained roots in the Finnish adult population.
AB  - The prevalence of retained roots among Finnish adults was evaluated by examining
      a representative sample of 8000 Finnish adults aged 30 or older. The
      participation percentage was 89.6. Retained root was recorded when more than half
      the height of the tooth surfaces had been destroyed by caries. The
      reproducibility coefficient (kappa) for clinical recordings of retained roots was
      0.79 for intraexaminer cases and 0.65 for interexaminer cases. Fifteen percent of
      the subjects had one or more retained roots. Prevalence was twice as great among
      males as among females. The mean number of retained roots was 0.4 per subject. Of
      all teeth in the mouth, 4.4% had only the roots left. On the population level,
      some 343000 adult Finns were estimated to have at least one retained root.

PMID- 6573239
TI  - Traumatic dental injuries in preschoolchildren from Santo Domingo.
AB  - The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyze, by age and sex, 1) the
      prevalence of traumatic injuries to primary incisors and canines, and 2) their
      distribution according to type in preschoolchildren from the city of Santo
      Domingo, in the Southern part of the Dominican Republic, which is located in the
      Caribbean Archipelago. The sample consisted of 800 children aged 3-5 years
      enrolled in 24 public and private preschools. The prevalence of injuries was 35%
      (32.8 in boys and 37.2 in girls). The largest number of injuries was presented by
      the 5-year-old children. More girls suffered traumatic injuries than boys (not
      significantly) with a boy-to-girl ratio of 0.9:1. Combining both sexes, the most
      common type of injury was the enamel-dentin fracture (32.6%), followed by enamel
      fracture (31.2%) and concussion (23.5%).

PMID- 6573240
TI  - Epidemiology of dental caries in Finland and the Soviet Union--a joint study.
AB  - A study was begun in order to describe the epidemiology of dental caries among
      children 9 and 12 years old in Finland and the Soviet Union. In addition, the
      effectiveness of caries prevention will be evaluated. The study is to be done in
      three towns in Finland and five towns in the Soviet Union.

PMID- 6573241
TI  - Non-compliance in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
AB  - In a series of 367 patients complaining of temporomandibular joint dysfunction
      (TMJD) 78 individuals did not attend after their first or third visits. These non
      complaint patients (subjects) were compared with patients completing treatment
      (controls) by means of a questionnaire. The results suggest that the reasons for
      non-compliance were a reluctance to wear an appliance particularly at night. The
      effect of excluding such patients from the analysis of clinical data is noted.

PMID- 6573242
TI  - Effect of fluoridated milk on caries: 3-year results.
AB  - The effect of fluoridated milk consumption has been investigated in a follow-up
      study of 269 children aged 3-9 years. Children consumed 200 ml of milk daily,
      fluoridated in the groups 3-5 years with 0.4 mg F-, and in those aged 6-9 years
      with 0.75 mg F-, for 300 days yearly. The caries data were analyzed with special
      regard to changes in the DMF values of the permanent first molars, the yearly
      examination data of the corresponding age groups compared and correlated with the
      length of fluoridated milk consumption. Statistical analysis of the permanent
      first molar data showed significant negative correlation between DMF means and
      length of fluoridated milk consumption in children 5-6 years old at the time of
      evaluation. The caries reduction after 3 years was 74% and statistically
      significant (P less than 0.001). In children 7-9 years old the caries reduction
      of the permanent first molars was less, and statistically not significant. A
      slight reduction of DMFS mean values in the front teeth of this group could be
      observed.

PMID- 6573243
TI  - Effects of oral hygiene on periodontal tissues in a town in Yugoslavia.
AB  - We examined 1316 pupils, average age 16.6 years, in a small town in Serbia. The
      purpose of this study was to find out the effects of the oral hygiene on the
      condition of the periodontal tissues and the frequency of gingivitis and
      periodontal disease and their severity in this age group. The presence and
      quantity of dental plaque were registered according to the Silness & Loe Plaque
      Index. The amount of dental calculus was determined according to the Greene &
      Vermillion method. The condition of periodontal tissues was evaluated by
      Ramfjord's method. It was found that only 5.3% of the examined pupils had a
      clinically healthy periodontium. Gingivitis was discovered in 60.6%, and
      periodontal disease (with periodontal pockets) in 34.1% of the examined pupils.
      The average PDI was 1.8. We revealed great quantities of soft and hard deposits
      on the teeth of examined pupils. The average Plaque Index was very high (1.9).

PMID- 6573244
TI  - Utilization of dental services and its relation to the periodontal status in a
      group of South Australian employees.
AB  - The pattern of dental service utilization, the perception of periodontal disease,
      and the oral hygiene habits among 642 industrial employees were evaluated using a
      self-administered questionnaire against background variables of age, sex, and
      socioeconomic strata. Of the study population, 50.5% had their most recent dental
      visit within the previous 12 months and 42.5% claimed to seek regular check ups.
      There was no significant association between time intervals since the last dental
      visit and age, sex, occupation, income or education. Regular visits were made
      more often by subjects in the higher occupation and income level. Multivariate
      analyses of the number of missing teeth simultaneously considering age, sex,
      socioeconomic level, regularity and frequency of dental visits revealed that
      except for age and sex, no other factors were significant. The most common reason
      for not seeing a dentist in the previous 12 months was an assumption that
      "nothing was wrong". A large majority of the group surveyed were unaware of the
      presence of periodontal disease or the need for its treatment, despite the high
      prevalence in all subgroups. Periodontal status was not significantly associated
      with sex, socioeconomic levels, regularity of frequency of dental visits, but
      there was a significant regression on age. The study population's pattern of
      service utilization was found to be similar to that reported for the general
      population, and it was anticipated that the hygiene habits of the group was
      representative of the total community. If that assumption is true the high
      prevalence of periodontal disease of the study population probably exists in the
      general community.

PMID- 6573245
TI  - Association between TMJ dysfunction and sick leaves.
AB  - Presence of clinically diagnosed TMJ dysfunction and the length of sick leaves
      were significantly associated in a sample of 599 male Finnish shipyard workers.
      Neglect of dental health care did not seem to be an explanatory factor, because
      the amount of untreated caries and the regularity of dental care did not differ
      significantly between the orthofunction and dysfunction groups. Although the
      association is no proof for a causal relationship, TMJ dysfunction may explain at
      least a part of the increase in days on sick leave, because dysfunction was found
      to be common and at best symptomatically treated in the population studied.

PMID- 6573246
TI  - Dental health education through home visits to mothers with young children.
AB  - In the course of a recent experiment a group of 314 mothers with very young
      children were visited at home by a dental health educator on three occasions.
      Mothers were given advice about dental health for their children and were offered
      a free supply of fluoride drops. Results drawn from questionnaires completed at
      each home visit suggested that dental health education given in this way was able
      to influence maternal attitudes and behaviour. Virtually all mothers accepted the
      offer of fluoride drops for their children and after 14-16 months, 65% of the
      group were still using the supplements.

PMID- 6573247
TI  - Production of cyclooxygenase products by alveolar macrophages in pulmonary
      sarcoidosis.

PMID- 6573249
TI  - The future of dentistry. Part 3.

PMID- 6573248
TI  - Fibroblasts: important producers and targets of inflammatory prostaglandins in
      the lungs.

PMID- 6573250
TI  - [107th meeting of the German Society for Dentistry and Oral Medicine in Garmisch
      Partenkirchen].

PMID- 6573251
TI  - [Calcium phosphate ceramics].

PMID- 6573252
TI  - [Flowability of casting materials].

PMID- 6573253
TI  - [Comparative studies on the setting expansion of investment compounds].

PMID- 6573254
TI  - [Practice-related studies of the disinfection of impression materials based on a
      standardized model experiment].

PMID- 6573255
TI  - [Functionally stressed ceramic implants and tissue reactions. A long-term
      experimental animal and clinical study].

PMID- 6573256
TI  - [Toxicity tests of filling materials in the rat implantation test].

PMID- 6573257
TI  - [Effect of different treatment intervals on the oral health of patients with
      fixed dentures--results after 2 years].

PMID- 6573258
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic studies of the Retzius' lines in the healthy
      enamel].

PMID- 6573259
TI  - [Open bite with congenital enamel hypoplasia].

PMID- 6573260
TI  - A case of generalized sarcoidosis.

PMID- 6573261
TI  - Cardiovascular responses to central and peripheral prostaglandins in the
      anesthetized rat.

PMID- 6573262
TI  - Dopamine receptors in human basilar arteries.
AB  - After phenoxybenzamine (10(-5) M), pretreatment, and in the presence of
      propranolol (10(-6) M) and indomethacin (2.8 X 10(-6) M), dopamine caused a
      marked concentration-dependent relaxation of isolated strips of human basilar
      artery contracted with PGF2 alpha. This effect was mimicked by apomorphine, 6,7
      ADTN and SK&F 38393, but N,N-diethyl dopamine, N,N-di-n-propyl-dopamine and 5,6
      ADTN caused only slight relaxation. (+)-Butaclamol, cis-alpha-flupenthixol,
      fluphenazine and haloperidol competitively antagonised the relaxant effects of
      dopamine, but sulpiride was ineffective in concentrations as high as 1.3 X 10(-4)
      M. These findings show that the dopamine receptors in the human basilar artery
      closely resemble those in the smooth muscle of the rabbit isolated mesenteric and
      splenic arteries, and the dog renal and mesenteric arteries in vivo, but differ
      from those located presynaptically on sympathetic nerve terminals.

PMID- 6573263
TI  - Iron metabolism of established human hematopoietic cell lines in vitro.
AB  - Three malignant hematopoietic cell lines were used in studies on cellular iron
      metabolism. Our results show that iron-carrying transferrin became bound to
      specific dimeric cell surface receptors. Iron accumulated within the cell with
      time, whereas intact transferrin was released back to the medium. Chloroquine and
      NH4Cl, known as pH-raising agents in vesicles of the lysosomal system, inhibited
      iron accumulation and transferrin binding in a dose-dependent manner. This
      suggests that the acid pH in endosomes leads to the cleavage of the iron
      transferrin bonds. Transferrin degradation was not found, which leads us to
      suggest a process of 'acid flushing' for the dissociation of iron from
      transferrin without the involvement of endosome-lysosome fusion. Taken together,
      the data agree with the concept of receptor-mediated endocytosis, as described
      for many macromolecules. Iron was stored in ferritin in the cell types tested.
      Only a minor part (less than 15%) of the iron was bound in hemoglobin in the K
      562 cell line. The relationship between iron stores and exogenously added iron in
      heme synthesis was investigated using a double labelling (55Fe/59Fe) technique.
      The results showed that exogenous iron was preferentially used before the iron
      stored in ferritin. The results are discussed in relation to various hypotheses
      on cellular iron uptake and transport.

PMID- 6573264
TI  - The effect of glutathione on HL-60 treated with dimethylsulfoxide, butyric acid
      or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.
AB  - HL-60 promyelocytic leukemic cells can be induced to differentiate into
      granulocytes or macrophages. Reduced glutathione lyses undifferentiated HL-60
      cells but has minimal effect on their differentiated counterparts. The addition
      of reduced glutathione to HL-60 promyelocytic leukemic cells retards cell growth
      and lyses cells. HL-60 cells can be induced to differentiate into granulocytes
      with dimethylsulfoxide butyric acid or into macrophages with 12-O
      tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. After treatment of HL-60 cells with these
      inducing agents the HL-60 cells become unresponsive to the effects of
      glutathione.

PMID- 6573265
TI  - [Necrotizing fasciitis].

PMID- 6573266
TI  - [Permanent germless second molars].

PMID- 6573267
TI  - [Comparative study of the leverage of the mandible in man and mammals].

PMID- 6573268
TI  - [Congenital facial pseudohemiatrophy].

PMID- 6573269
TI  - [Delayed sequelae of tooth injury localized in the dental pulp].

PMID- 6573270
TI  - [Composite odontoma on an erupting tooth causing facial pain].

PMID- 6573272
TI  - An overview of the dental hygiene National Board examination.

PMID- 6573271
TI  - Ethical reasoning in dental hygiene practice.

PMID- 6573273
TI  - Preliminary evaluation of oral lesions: what is this radiopacity?

PMID- 6573274
TI  - The child patient. New strategies for an old problem.

PMID- 6573275
TI  - Detect the warning signals sent by suit-prone patients.

PMID- 6573277
TI  - Newsletter helps keep practice healthy.

PMID- 6573276
TI  - The direct approach. Get the most out of your mailings.

PMID- 6573278
TI  - The mythology of dental stress.

PMID- 6573279
TI  - How to stay on target. A recall system that really works.

PMID- 6573281
TI  - Actions not always louder than words.

PMID- 6573280
TI  - Through which filter do you view the world?

PMID- 6573282
TI  - The removable appliance: the Cinderella of British orthodontics? Part 1.

PMID- 6573283
TI  - The value of prenatally administered fluoride.

PMID- 6573284
TI  - The prevention of hepatitis B by vaccine.

PMID- 6573285
TI  - HLA antigens and peptic ulcer disease.
AB  - The aim of this study was to investigate the association of HLA antigens with
      chronic duodenal and gastric ulcer. 104 patients with chronic peptic ulcer, 52
      with duodenal ulcer, and 52 with gastric ulcer were studied, and HLA antigens of
      the A, B and DR series were sought using the microlymphocytotoxicity test. In
      duodenal-ulcer patients, no significant differences were observed. In the gastric
      ulcer group, Bw49 was increased in both sexes, with an adjusted odds ratio of
      10.2. However, when corrected for the number of comparisons made, this difference
      failed to reach statistical significance. It is concluded that if HLA antigens
      make any contribution to the aetiology of ulcer disease, this contribution is
      small and the proportion of cases of gastric ulcer that can be explained by the
      presence of HLA antigen Bw49 is less than 10%.

PMID- 6573286
TI  - HLA and complement allotypes in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes.
AB  - A group of patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus was
      investigated for HLA-A, B and DR antigens as well as C4 and factor B
      polymorphism. A significant excess of DR3/DR4 heterozygotes was observed (27%
      versus 17% by Hardy-Weinberg expectation). The factor B allele BfF1 was present
      in 13% of patients with Type 1 diabetes (gene frequency of 0.08 versus 0.01 in
      control subjects). A rare C4 B allele, C4 B2.9, was found in 18% of patients with
      Type 1 diabetes (n = 63) compared with 1.1% of control subjects (n = 176). Total
      C4 deficiency at the C4 A locus (C4 AQ0,0) was present in 10% of patients with
      Type 1 diabetes compared with 0% of control subjects. Examination of HLA, C4 and
      Bf phenotypes in patients with Type 1 diabetes suggested that three high risk
      supratypes, HLA-A1 B8 BfS C4 AQ0 C4 B1 DR3; HLA-B18 BfF1 C4 A3 C4 BQ0 DR3; HLA-A2
      CW3 BW62 BfS C4 A3 C4 B2.9 DR4 are markers for susceptibility alleles.

PMID- 6573287
TI  - [Proliferative activity of leukemic cells taking into account the aggressive
      development of chronic myeloleukemia].

PMID- 6573288
TI  - [Evaluation of the results of splenectomy in chronic myeloleukemia].

PMID- 6573289
TI  - [Metabolic and kinetic characteristics of blast cells in acute leukemias in the
      initial period and during relapse].

PMID- 6573290
TI  - [Determination of the concentration of defects in the DNA secondary structure in
      the blood cells of children with acute lymphoid leukemia].

PMID- 6573291
TI  - Effect of PGF2 alpha on the contractile activity of the hen oviduct.

PMID- 6573292
TI  - Evidence for X-linkage of steroid sulfatase in the mouse: steroid sulfatase
      levels in oocytes of XX and XO mice.
AB  - The steroid sulfatase (STS) levels in mature oocytes of XX and XO mice were
      assayed along with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an autosomal marker, and glucose
      6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a known X-linked gene. LDH levels in XX and XO
      oocytes were equal, whereas STS and G6PD levels were approximately twice as high
      in XX oocytes as in XO oocytes. These results indicate that the STS gene is X
      linked in the mouse just as it is in humans. Assays of STS in kidney tissue of XX
      and XO mice indicated dosage compensation for the gene, which is different from
      that observed in humans.

PMID- 6573293
TI  - [Neurocutaneous syndrome of ulcero-mutilating sensory neuropathies].

PMID- 6573294
TI  - Massive blastic infiltration of the liver: a cause of fulminant hepatic failure.
AB  - The clinical and pathological findings in four cases of fulminant hepatic failure
      due to massive infiltration of the liver by acute leukemia or lymphoma are
      reported. Liver abnormalities were found simultaneously with or led to the
      discovery of hematologic malignancies, and consisted of marked hepatomegaly and
      severe hepatocellular insufficiency associated with hyperlactatemia. The blood
      malignancies were peculiar in their fast cellular growth and large tumor mass.
      Evolution was rapidly fatal in all these cases. In another patient, marked
      hepatomegaly and hyperlactatemia revealed the presence of a widespread lymphoma
      before the appearance of hepatocellular insufficiency. Immediate chemotherapy was
      instituted, and complete remission without hepatic complication was obtained. It
      is suggested that malignant hematological diseases with fast cellular growth may
      present as fulminant hepatic failure. In order to avoid a rapidly fatal outcome
      secondary to liver failure and metabolic disorders, early recognition of these
      malignancies is necessary so as to assure prompt administration of appropriate
      chemotherapy.

PMID- 6573296
TI  - Paternity exclusion and the paternity index for two linked loci.
AB  - Algebraic expressions for the average exclusion frequency and the paternity index
      are derived for two linked loci, each with two alleles segregating in a
      population. The effects of recombination and gametic disequilibrium on these two
      statistics are discussed. As long as recombination is known to exist, the average
      exclusion frequency is similar for different recombination fractions. The
      paternity index, on the other hand, depends very much on both the recombination
      fraction and gametic disequilibrium. The effects of multiple alleles and
      dominance on these statistics are also briefly discussed.

PMID- 6573295
TI  - Complete or partial trisomy for the long arm of chromosome 1 in patients with
      various hematologic malignancies.
AB  - This study contains data obtained from a cytogenetic investigation of six
      patients with acute and chronic leukaemia. The karyotypes of bone marrow or blood
      cells of these patients showed a partial or complete trisomy for the long arm of
      chromosome 1. Three observations revealed a pronounced resistance of cell clones
      with 1q+ towards cytostatic therapy, and a comparatively short life span of
      patients after detection of 1q+. The importance of these changes for the role of
      some chromosomes and chromosome loci in leukaemogenesis is discussed.

PMID- 6573297
TI  - A note on positive identification of paternity by using genetic markers.
AB  - To see the efficiency of the statistical methods for positive identification of
      fathers using genetic markers, the statistical properties of the paternity index
      are studied algebraically and numerically. It is found that the currently used
      statistical methods are not powerful enough to discriminate between true fathers
      and non-excluded non-fathers, and, more often than not, may lead to false
      attributions of paternity. It is, therefore, suggested that exclusion of
      paternity is the only conclusive evidence that can be accepted by courts of law
      until better methods are devised.

PMID- 6573298
TI  - Distribution of red cell enzyme polymorphisms in South-West Poland.

PMID- 6573299
TI  - Transplacental carcinogenesis with radioactive phosphorus.
AB  - 1 An attempt was made to produce a model of osteogenic sarcoma using 32P
      transplacentally. 2 Fetal tissues appeared to be resistant to irradiation as no
      tumour was induced at an increased frequency in treated animals. 3 Tumours that
      normally occur in our strain (Sprague-Dawley rats) showed a clear tendancy to
      occur earlier in post-natal life in treated animals compared with controls.

PMID- 6573300
TI  - Enhancement of immune function and tumor growth inhibition by antibodies against
      prostaglandin E2.
AB  - Mice bearing a Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) were passively immunized against
      prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by administration of rabbit serum containing anti-PGE2
      antibodies. The effect of PGE2-immune serum on the suppressed immunity of LLC
      bearing mice was examined. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with anti-PGE2
      prevented the suppression of lymphocyte mitogenesis and the alterations in
      macrophage migration which typically occur in LLC-bearing mice. Furthermore,
      tumor growth was reduced in LLC-bearing mice which received antibodies directed
      against PGE2 rather than a placebo treatment.

PMID- 6573301
TI  - Generalized cutaneous mastocytosis and acute myelogenous leukemia.

PMID- 6573302
TI  - Decreased food intake in response to cholecystokinin (pancreozymin) in wild-type
      and obese mice (genotype ob/ob).
AB  - Cholecystokinin decreased food intake more effectively in obese mice than in wild
      type mice. Following a 23-h fast and 10 min after an ip injection of 0, 30, 60 or
      90 U/kg. CCK in physiological saline, eating, drinking and rearing rates were
      measured for a period of 20 min. Thirty units affected neither group, 60 U slowed
      the eating rate of obese mice significantly, and 90 U that of both groups,
      particularly the obese mice (P less than 0.001). Drinking and rearing rates
      remained unchanged. Obese mice were not hyperphagic under the conditions of the
      experiment and showed an increase in the latency period which preceded eating,
      compared with wild-type mice. The enhanced responsiveness to CCK, both in and out
      of the hyperphagic state, may be associated with low endogenous levels of satiety
      hormones in the obese mouse.

PMID- 6573303
TI  - Successful treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient with acute
      leukaemia.

PMID- 6573304
TI  - Bloom's syndrome: case report.

PMID- 6573305
TI  - Histochemical detection of thiosulphate sulphurtransferase (rhodanese) activity.
AB  - A histochemical method is described by which the activity of thiosulphate
      sulphurtransferase (E.C. 2.8.1.1., rhodanese) can be detected. The method gives
      an easy and quick determination of enzyme activity. The basis of the detection is
      the reducing effect of sulphite (SO 2/3) ions resulting from the enzyme reaction.
      Nitro-blue tetrazolium chloride can be used as an indicator and N
      methylphenazonium-methosulphate as an accelerator for increasing electron
      transport. In mammals rhodanese is localized in the mitochondria.

PMID- 6573306
TI  - "Bare lymphocytes" without immunodeficiency.
AB  - "Bare lymphocytes," which cannot be typed for the HLA-A,B, and C antigens were
      observed in two siblings, nine and six years of age. The elder child presented
      with aplastic anemia and was being considered for bone marrow transplantation.
      The younger child was healthy. The inability to phenotype both children for these
      three gene products persisted throughout the 21-month period of observation. The
      DR antigens were demonstrable which rendered it possible to deduce their A, B,
      and C genotype from the typing of the other four family members. Although
      alloantisera failed to detect the antigens on peripheral blood lymphocytes,
      monoclonal antibodies demonstrated reduced amounts of the HLA-A,B, and C antigens
      on the cells. The reduced level was confirmed following EBV transformation of the
      cells. After prolonged culture, HLA antigens immunoprecipitated from the cell
      extracts were normal in amount, molecular weight, and polypeptide composition.
      Southern blot analysis did not reveal gross genomic rearrangements. A regulatory
      defect leading to the expression of these Class I antigens is postulated.

PMID- 6573307
TI  - Anorexia nervosa and bulimia: a spectrum of eating disorders.

PMID- 6573308
TI  - Fibroblastic tumor of the premaxilla in two horses.
AB  - In 2 horses with rapidly growing, locally destructive tumors of the premaxilla,
      there was major disruption and displacement of some incisor teeth, with
      radiographic evidence of disruption of the premaxilla at the base of the tumors.
      In horse 1, most of the tumor was removed by incising it at its base, and the
      tumor bed was treated cryosurgically with 3 freeze-thaw cycles, using liquid
      nitrogen. The area healed by 2nd intention. The tumor was found to be a benign
      fibroblastic tumor, possibly a fibroma. After 4 years, there has been no
      recurrence. Horse 2 was euthanatized on the basis of a tentative biopsy diagnosis
      of osteogenic sarcoma. Postmortem studies supported a diagnosis of fibrosarcoma
      without metastasis.

PMID- 6573309
TI  - Cefotetan: a new cephamycin.

PMID- 6573310
TI  - In-vitro activity of cefotetan and other cephalosporins against multiresistant
      strains of Enterobacteriaceae.
AB  - The activity of cefotetan against multiresistant strains of Escherichia coli and
      Klebsiella aerogenes was comparable with that of cefotaxime and ceftazidime, the
      mean MICs being 0.11 and 0.06 mg/l, respectively. Multiresistant strains of
      Enterobacter cloacae showed a high level of resistance to cefotetan in common
      with other cephalosporins such as cefuroxime, cefamandole and cefoxitin, but were
      sensitive to ceftazidime and cefotaxime.

PMID- 6573311
TI  - Inhibitory activity of cefotetan and other beta-lactams against anaerobes.

PMID- 6573312
TI  - Activity in vitro of cefotetan against non-sporing anaerobes: a comparative
      study.

PMID- 6573313
TI  - The interactions of [14C]cefotetan with penicillin binding proteins of a wide
      variety of Gram-positive and gram-negative species.
AB  - Membrane preparations were made from a number of Gram-positive and Gram-negative
      bacterial strains. The ability of the membrane-bound penicillin-binding proteins
      (PBP) in these preparations to bind [14C]cefotetan has been studied. Increasing
      amounts of unlabelled benzylpenicillin were added and subsequently [14C]cefotetan
      was introduced to determine its ability to bind to additional proteins or to
      displace the pre-bound benzylpenicillin. In the Gram-positive series some
      quantitative binding differences between the two labelled compounds could be
      seen. However, in the majority of Gram-negative organisms tested cefotetan
      exhibited greatest affinity for PBP 3 and none for PBP 2. No new PBPs were
      detected using [14C]cefotetan, suggesting that the compound exerts its
      antibacterial effect by a mechanism similar to the other cephamycins. The high
      minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of cefotetan found for the Gram-positive
      genera tested are reflected in only one organism by the failure to bind of some
      of its PBPs. In the majority of cases, permeability is assumed to play the
      dominant role in the relatively low sensitivity of these organisms to cefotetan.

PMID- 6573314
TI  - Animal pharmacokinetics and toxicology of cefotetan--a new cephamycin antibiotic.
AB  - In animal pharmacokinetic studies the biological half-lives of cefotetan were
      13.0 min in mice, 15.9 min in rats, 30.5 min in rabbits, 55.5 min in dogs and
      77.9 min in rhesus monkeys. The acute intravenous LD50 values (g/kg) were 6.4 and
      5.0 in male and female mice, respectively, and 8.5 and 6.8 in male and female
      rats, respectively. Six-month repeated dose studies of 30 to 1000 mg/kg per day
      intraperitoneally in rats and 100 to 600 mg/kg per day intravenously in rhesus
      monkeys showed no notable organ toxicity. A teratogenicity study in rats
      indicated that cefotetan had no adverse effects on fetal and postnatal
      development. The nephrotoxicity of cefotetan in rabbits was considerably less
      than that of cefazolin.

PMID- 6573315
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of single intravenous doses of cefotetan disodium
      in male Caucasian volunteers.
AB  - Cefotetan, a third generation cephalosporin, in doses of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g
      was administered intravenously as the disodium salt to ten healthy male Caucasian
      volunteers and its pharmacokinetics and tolerance determined. The elimination
      half-life was 3.3 h. The drug was 88% plasma protein bound and 67% was recovered
      unchanged in the urine. HPLC and bioassay techniques for cefotetan plasma
      concentration determinations gave virtually identical results. Cefotetan was well
      tolerated although half of the volunteers experienced transient mild to moderate
      diarrhoea. It is concluded that the pharmacokinetic disposition of cefotetan is
      similar in Caucasian and Japanese subjects and that the long elimination half
      life, lack of detectable metabolism and high urinary excretion will result in
      plasma and urine concentrations in excess of the MIC of sensitive bacteria on a
      twice daily dosing regime.

PMID- 6573316
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of a 24-h infusion of cefotetan disodium (with and
      without loading dose) in normal Caucasian volunteers.
AB  - Cefotetan disodium has been given by zero order intravenous infusion at 75.8 mg/h
      to four healthy male volunteers over a 24-h period. Plasma concentrations rose
      until by 12 hs a mean steady state value of 37.5 mg/l was attained. In an
      additional four volunteers a loading dose of 0.5 g cefotetan was given
      immediately prior to a similar infusion. In these subjects concentrations in
      excess of the final steady-state value of 36.2 mg/l were achieved immediately and
      concentrations never fell below this value for the entire 24-h period of the
      study. The dose was well tolerated with the exception of an incidence of
      diarrhoea (2/8 mild and 1/8 severe). The pharmacokinetic findings are in good
      agreement with theoretical predictions based on single intravenous bolus doses of
      cefotetan and suggest that a loading dose, followed by an infusion would be
      suitable regime for cases of severe infection.

PMID- 6573317
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of single intravenous and intramuscular doses of cefotetan in
      normal human volunteers.
AB  - The pharmacokinetic parameters of cefotetan were determined in six healthy adults
      after intramuscular (im) and intravenous (iv) administration of a single dose.
      After an iv bolus injection of 1 g cefotetan the mean peak serum level was 179.6
      mg/l (S.E.M. +/- 14.2 mg/l) at 2 min. The apparent volume of distribution was
      10.29 l (S.E.M. +/- 0.66 l). After im injections of 500 mg and 1 g of cefotetan
      the mean peak levels were 35 mg/l (S.E.M. +/- 1.6 mg/l) and 74 mg/l (S.E.M. +/-
      3.6 mg/l) at 82 and 97 min respectively; the level at 12 h was 4.5 mg/l after 500
      mg and 10.4 mg/l after 1 g. Cefotetan was slowly eliminated. The serum half-life
      was about 3.1 h after 1 g iv injection and varied from 3.4 to 3.7 h after the 500
      mg and 1 g im injections. About 75% of the dose was excreted in the urine during
      the first 24 h after 1 g iv bolus injection; after 500 mg and 1 g im injection 60
      to 65% of the dose was recovered in the urine during the same time period.

PMID- 6573318
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of single intramuscular doses of cefotetan in
      normal Caucasian volunteers.
AB  - Cefotetan, a third-generation cephalosporin, is extremely well tolerated by
      healthy Caucasian volunteers when given by intramuscular injection. It gives rise
      to prolonged high plasma antibiotic concentrations. Lignocaine (0.5%), when used
      as a diluent, had no effect on the pharmacokinetic parameters of cefotetan. Two
      grams of cefotetan given as the disodium salt 12 hourly by the intramuscular
      route gives plasma levels that are likely to be clinically effective in the
      treatment of infections due to a very wide range of Gram-positive and Gram
      negative aerobes and anaerobes. The validity of this prediction however can only
      be established by subsequent clinical trials.

PMID- 6573319
TI  - Cefotetan elimination in patients with varying degrees of renal dysfunction.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of cefotetan following a 0.5 g intravenous dose were studied
      in 15 patients with varying degrees of renal failure. In patients with glomerular
      filtration rates (GFR) greater than 50 ml/min the serum half-life was between 3
      and 5 h. The half-life increased to 15 h as the GFR fell to 10 ml/min. When the
      GFR was less than 10 ml/min the serum clearance of cefotetan was very variable,
      the half-life being between 15 and 50 h. Cefotetan was eliminated almost entirely
      by the kidneys. It is suggested that cefotetan 0.5 g 12-hourly is appropriate for
      patients with GFRs greater than 20 ml/min. For patients with GFRs between 10 and
      20 ml/min 0.5 g every 24 h should avoid gross accumulation.

PMID- 6573320
TI  - The pharmacokinetics of cefotetan excretion in the unobstructed biliary tree.
AB  - Cefotetan excretion was studied in 17 patients undergoing biliary or pancreatic
      surgery. The antibiotic was detected in bile taken from the common bile duct
      within 15 min of a 1 g iv bolus and therapeutic plasma levels were found up to 10
      h after administration. Even higher concentrations of cefotetan were measured in
      the bile from functioning gall bladders, despite the presence of gall stones.
      Concentrations of cefotetan in bile from the common bile ducts and functioning
      gall bladders were greater than the plasma concentrations at all times. These
      concentrations exceed the in-vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for
      most common biliary tract pathogens.

PMID- 6573321
TI  - Cefotetan in complicated urinary tract infections--clinical experience.
AB  - Cefotetan was evaluated to determine the efficacy and safety of a 1 g dose
      administered intravenously twice daily in the treatment of complicated urinary
      tract infections (UTI). Sixty patients entered and 58 patients completed the
      study. Duration of treatment ranged from 7 to 16 days with a mean of 10.1 days. A
      satisfactory clinical response was observed in 85%. Eradication of the infecting
      organisms was prompt and complete in 45 patients. Relapse, reinfection or
      superinfection occurred in seven patients and in six patients the infecting
      organisms did not respond to treatment. Cefotetan was well tolerated but two
      patients had treatment withdrawn because of macular rash. It is concluded that
      cefotetan is highly effective in treating complicated UTIs.

PMID- 6573322
TI  - Clinical evaluation of cefotetan in the treatment of lower respiratory tract
      infections.
AB  - Cefotetan, a new cephamycin antibiotic, was evaluated for the treatment of lower
      respiratory tract infections. Intravenous cefotetan (2 g every 12 h) was
      administered for 4 to 8 days (mean, 5.8 days) to 56 hospitalized adult patients.
      Of the 41 evaluable patients, the clinical response was satisfactory in 38 (93%)
      and the bacteriological response was satisfactory in 36 (88%). The drug was well
      tolerated, and there were minimal complaints or changes in clinical laboratory
      values. From these preliminary results, cefotetan appears to be safe and
      effective for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections.

PMID- 6573323
TI  - Cefotetan: comparative study in vitro against 226 Gram-negative clinical
      isolates.
AB  - The activity in vitro of the new cephamycin, cefotetan, was compared with that of
      cephalothin, cefoxitin, cefuroxime and cefotaxime against 226 recently isolated
      Gram-negative pathogens (207 Enterobacteriaceae and 19 Acinetobacter). Cefotetan
      was consistently more potent than cephalothin, cefoxitin and cefuroxime.
      Cefotaxime and cefotetan were essentially similar in activity against the
      Enterobacteriaceae with the singular exception of Enterobacter spp. which were
      markedly more susceptible to the former drug. None of the five agents was
      especially active against acinetobacter but cefotaxime was the best. Limited
      tests of bactericidal activity showed that the MBC differed from the MIC by a
      factor of 4 at most. Increasing the inoculum tested from 10(2) to 10(8) per ml
      had little adverse effect on the MIC of cefotetan. If the recommendations of the
      National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards for susceptibility to
      cephalosporins are applicable to cefotetan and the breakpoint criteria of less
      than or equal to 10 mg/l (sensitive) and greater than or equal to 32 mg/l
      (resistant) are acceptable, then only a few of the Enterobacteriaceae in this
      study were resistant. These resistant organisms were amongst Enterobacter spp.
      and Citrobacter spp.

PMID- 6573324
TI  - Susceptibility of bacterial pathogens to cefotetan judged by MIC and disc tests.
AB  - The activity of cefotetan was tested against 683 bacterial strains by measuring
      the minimum inhibitory concentrations. Comparisons were made with cefoxitin,
      cefotaxime, moxalactam, cefoperazone and piperacillin. In addition, a regression
      line analysis was made with cefotetan discs (30 micrograms) using the ICS
      technique. Cefotetan was noted to have a broader spectrum of activity than
      cefoxitin and its antibacterial activity was comparable to that of cefotaxime and
      moxalactam. According to the regression line analysis a cefotetan inhibition zone
      diameter of greater than or equal 19 mm is interpreted as sensitive in agar
      diffusion tests.

PMID- 6573325
TI  - In-vitro antibacterial activity of cefotetan.
AB  - The in-vitro activity of cefotetan, a recently developed cephamycin, was
      investigated under various experimental conditions. The compound showed moderate
      activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, no activity
      against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus faecalis, but a high activity
      against Enterobacteriaceae, including beta-lactamase-producing strains.
      Haemophilus influenzae also was fairly susceptible. The MBC was usually equal to
      or two- or fourfold higher than MIC. Medium composition, pH and inoculum size had
      minimal influence on its activity. About 50% of recent clinical isolates of
      Bacteroides fragilis were susceptible to cefotetan, but some were highly
      resistant. Killing curves of cefotetan against different bacterial strains
      indicated that it was rapidly bactericidal at concentrations equal to MIC or two-
      to fourfold higher. However, some strains showed regrowth after initial
      inhibition. Combination of cefotetan with aminoglycosides, or with cefazolin,
      cefotaxime, moxalactam or piperacillin resulted either in synergy, addition or
      indifference according to the bacterial strain and the nature of the combination.
      Antagonism was never observed. Human serum protein binding varied from 75 to 86%
      according to the assay method. Binding with horse serum protein was about 28%.

PMID- 6573326
TI  - In-vitro activity of cefotetan, other beta-lactams and netilmicin.
AB  - In-vitro activity of cefotetan was compared to that of other cephalosporins
      netilmicin. Cefotetan at very low concentrations inhibited Escherichia coli,
      Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Serratia marcescens. Poor activity
      was seen for all beta-lactams against Enterobacter and Citrobacter spp. Activity
      of cefotetan against Staphylococcus aureus was comparable to that of ceftazidime
      and moxalactam. Netilmicin was the only agent equally active against all Gram
      negative bacilli and Staph. aureus tested. Under conditions simulating serum
      levels cefotetan demonstrated rapid and long-acting bactericidal activity and
      bacteria exposed to these concentrations required up to 10.2 h to recover from
      the effect of the antibiotic. Six out of 15 strains did not recover fully.

PMID- 6573327
TI  - Comparative susceptibilities of organisms isolated in Sicily to cefotetan and
      other antibiotics.
AB  - In recent years there has been a gradual increase in the number of infections
      caused by Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Serratia and non-fermentative bacilli such
      as Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes and Acinetobacter. The object of this investigation
      was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of the cephalosporins cefoxitin,
      cefoperazone, cefotaxime and of gentamicin, in comparison with cefotetan, a new
      cephamycin with a high degree of stability to beta-lactamases. The cefotetan MIC
      was not affected either by size of the bacterial inoculum, or the culture medium
      and the serum protein binding of cefotetan was 85%. Cefotetan showed only
      moderate antibacterial activity, similar to that of the other cephalosporins
      tested, against the Gram-positive cocci, whereas it was very active against
      fermentative and non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli, except for Pseudomonas
      aeruginosa. The remarkable activity of cefotetan against Klebsiella, Enterobacter
      and Serratia is of particular interest.

PMID- 6573328
TI  - The in-vitro activity of cefotetan against Serratia spp. and Enterobacter spp. in
      comparison with other cephalosporins.

PMID- 6573329
TI  - Susceptibilities of gentamicin-resistant Gram-negative aerobic bacilli to
      cefotetan and other beta-lactams.
AB  - The activity of the 7 alpha-methoxycephalosporin, cefotetan was determined
      against 365 infecting isolates of gentamicin- and multiply-resistant Gram
      negative aerobic bacilli, and compared with those of cefuroxime, cefoxitin,
      cephradine, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime. All proteus (4), providencia
      (6) salmonella (3) and serratia (2) were susceptible to 8 mg/l of cefotetan, as
      were respectively 90 and 81% of 42 Escherichia coli and 16 citrobacter isolates.
      The intrinsic activity of cefotetan was high against 237 klebsiellae (38
      different serotypes), only 4 being relatively insusceptible (MICs 16- greater
      than 32 mg/l). Activity against pseudomonas (10 isolates) acinetobacter (15
      isolates) and enterobacter (30 isolates) was poor. Overall, the activities of
      cefotetan were similar to those of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime but
      ceftazidime was also active against the majority of pseudomonas, acinetobacter
      and enterobacter. Cefotaxime was less active than cefotetan against some
      cefuroxime-resistant klebsiellae. Much greater numbers of isolates were
      insusceptible to either cefuroxime or cefoxitin. Cephradine was the least active.

PMID- 6573330
TI  - Sarcoma complicating Paget's disease of bone. A clinicopathological study of 62
      cases.
AB  - Out of 21 900 cases filed at the Latin-American Registry of Bone Pathology
      between April 1940 and July 1981, there were 987 with Paget's disease (4.51 per
      cent); 62 of these (6.28 per cent) were complicated by sarcoma and two were
      associated with giant-cell tumours of bone (osteoclastoma) without signs of
      malignancy. There was a slight predominance of men and the ages ranged from 45 to
      87 years, with an average of 66 years. The most frequent sites were the femur (23
      cases), the humerus (nine), the pelvis (10), and the tibia (nine). The low
      incidence of vertebral involvement (five cases) is noteworthy and is in sharp
      contrast to uncomplicated Paget's disease. The most common tumour type was
      osteosarcoma (39 cases), followed by fibrosarcoma (15 cases); other varieties
      (chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma and reticulum-cell sarcoma) were
      much rarer. Most of the sarcomata occurred when the Paget's disease was
      polyostotic. Tumours often developed simultaneously, or at short time intervals,
      in the same or different bones; these bones had, in all cases, been affected by
      Paget's disease. The histological features of the osteosarcomata were
      characteristic, with large numbers of osteoclast giant cells, alternating with
      atypical osteoblasts, thus exaggerating the anarchic remodelling process of
      Paget's disease. The neighbouring areas of the pagetic bone showed an increased
      number of osteoclasts. These facts suggest a possible pathogenetic relationship
      between sarcoma and Paget's disease; the possibility of both processes having a
      viral aetiology is discussed.

PMID- 6573331
TI  - Determination of all-trans- and 13-cis-retinoic acids by two-phase, two
      dimensional thin-layer chromatography in creams and by high-performance thin
      layer chromatography in gel formulations.

PMID- 6573332
TI  - Group practice.

PMID- 6573333
TI  - JCO/interviews Robert J. Schulhof on functional appliance results.

PMID- 6573334
TI  - Canine extrusion auxiliary.

PMID- 6573335
TI  - Lingual orthodontics: a status report. Part 5. Lingual mechanotherapy.

PMID- 6573336
TI  - Lymphoma-like presentation of acute monocytic leukaemia.
AB  - Four patients in whom a diagnosis of acute monocytic leukaemia (M5) was
      subsequently made presented with extramedullary disease clinically resembling
      lymphoma. In all patients histological sections were initially misinterpreted as
      showing malignant lymphoma or anaplastic carcinoma. The diagnosis of M5 leukaemia
      was subsequently made on the basis of morphological and cytochemical studies of
      peripheral blood and bone marrow. The histological diagnosis of the soft tissue
      lesions of M5 leukaemia (monocytic sarcoma) is difficult, although features such
      as abundant cytoplasm and the presence of some reniform nuclei are helpful. If
      there is no peripheral blood or bone marrow involvement and only fixed paraffin
      embedded tissues are available, demonstration of lysozyme by an immunoperoxidase
      technique may confirm the diagnosis but results are not invariably positive. An
      early diagnosis of M5 leukaemia has therapeutic implications since the disease
      evolves through a progressive leukaemia phase and systemic therapy is essential.

PMID- 6573337
TI  - Leukaemia/lymphoma cells in cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 6573338
TI  - Embryogenesis of the gingival cyst.
AB  - The embryogenesis of gingival cysts derived from the dental lamina was studied
      histologically in paraffin prepared sections of 10 pairs of human fetal jaws and
      in individual celloidin sections of human fetal skulls. Cystic degeneration in
      the dental lamina was noted as early as 10 weeks in utero prior to the separation
      of the developing tooth bud. Rapid proliferation and growth of such cysts was
      seen in 15-20 week old embryos during the morphodifferentiation stage of tooth
      development after fragmentation of the lamina had occurred. Islands, strands and
      nests of dental lamina epithelium were dispersed into extraosseous locations and
      demonstrated histomorphologic characteristics similar to odontogenically related
      epithelium seen in adult gingiva. Dental lamina epithelium appears to have a
      particular predisposition for cystic degeneration and is probably the source of
      other neoplasms and hamartomas seen in the gingiva.

PMID- 6573339
TI  - Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the reduction of human alveolar bone
      loss.
AB  - Aspirin (ASA) and indomethacin are inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis and
      reduce bone resorption in tissue culture stimulated by preparations obtained from
      human gingival tissue. In a retrospective study, we attempted to determine
      whether ASA or ASA plus indomethacin exert a bone resorption inhibiting effect on
      human alveolar bone. Dental radiographs of 75 patients with a history of
      arthritis and long-term ingestion (greater than 5 years) of ASA were compared
      with dental radiographs of 75 healthy male volunteers from the VA Dental
      Longitudinal Study (DLS). Proximal bone loss was measured using a Schei Ruler
      graded on a 10-point scale. The data indicated that the ASA population presented
      with significantly fewer sites of 10% or greater mesial and distal bone loss than
      the healthy control population (P less than 0.05). Mean percentage bone loss for
      the entire dentition was also lower in the ASA group, although the difference was
      not statistically significant. As there is no evidence to suggest that inhibition
      of alveolar bone loss is a natural concomitant of the arthritic process, we
      conclude that the inhibition of bone loss found in this study was due to the
      chronic ingestion of ASA or ASA and indomethacin.

PMID- 6573340
TI  - Plaque-host imbalance in severe periodontitis. A discussion based on two cases.
AB  - One child and one adult with severe periodontitis were investigated for relevant
      systemic factors and predominant periodontal pocket bacteria. The child had a
      chronic neutropenia, the adult late yaws, a chronic iron deficiency and possibly
      rheumatoid arthritis. The predominant organisms in both pocket floras were gram
      negative cocci showing occasional filament formation and resembling strains of
      Bacteroides asaccharolyticus and possibly Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
      described by others. There were indications that the flora was determined by the
      host response rather than vice versa and that thorough systemic investigation may
      aid the efficient diagnosis and treatment of patients with severe periodontitis.

PMID- 6573341
TI  - Significance of frequency of professional tooth cleaning for healing following
      periodontal surgery.

PMID- 6573342
TI  - Surface coatings on dental cementum incident to periodontal disease. I. A
      scanning electron microscopic study.
AB  - Root surfaces of extracted human teeth with advanced periodontal disease were
      studied by the apically migrated junctional epithelium, the topography
      characteristic of uninvolved cementum was frequently masked by a surface coating.
      The thickness of the coating increased in a coronal direction where it often
      blended with calculus. The observations indicate that this surface coating may
      originate from the inflammatory exudate and corresponds to the dental cuticle.
      The findings also indicate that the coating may be mineralized and may contain
      exogenous substances. These observations illustrate a need for further study and
      reexamination of the rationale for removal of tooth substance during scaling and
      root planing.

PMID- 6573343
TI  - Stannous fluoride and subgingival chlorhexidine irrigation in the control of
      plaque and chronic periodontitis.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible benefits of stannous
      fluoride dentifrice (SnF2) and once daily chlorhexidine (CH) in the control of
      chronic periodontitis, following a single course of scaling and root planing. 14
      adult patients with pockets 4 mm or deeper received a thorough scaling and root
      planing, followed by instruction in the irrigation of those pockets with CH. They
      were given either SnF2-containing or a placebo dentifrice, and a new multituft
      toothbrush, but no instruction in routine oral hygiene. Plaque Index (PII),
      Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI) and pocket depth were recorded prior to scaling on
      day 0. The same parameters and gingival shrinkage were recorded at weeks 1, 2, 4,
      8 and 12. CH irrigation was discontinued at day 28. Both groups showed highly
      significant improvements in all parameters except gingival shrinkage after 28
      days. PII was significantly less at all stages in the SnF2 group. It reached
      baseline values by day 56 in the placebo and day 84 in the SnF2 group.
      Periodontitis as assessed by SBI remained reduced significantly below baseline
      values in both groups at the end of the study. At this time there was no
      significant difference between the groups as regards SBI. It was concluded that a
      single course of thorough scaling and root planing followed by once daily
      subgingival irrigation with CH for 1 month, produced a reduction in periodontitis
      still apparent 2 months after cessation of irrigation. This regime allows a 3
      month interval between oral hygiene visits. SnF2-containing dentifrice had a
      plaque control effect additional to that produced by the regime but had no effect
      on periodontitis as assessed by SBI.

PMID- 6573344
TI  - Effect of citric acid on soft tissue healing in the rat palate.
AB  - The present study was carried out to determine the effects of citric acid (pH 1)
      on soft tissue healing. Standardised circular wounds were created in the palates
      of 24 rats using a modified trephine. Test animals had citric acid (pH 1) applied
      to the wounds for 3 min followed by rinsing with saline. In the control animals
      saline alone was applied for a similar time which was again followed by rinsing.
      Animals were sacrificed at 0, 1, 4 and 24 h, the palates dissected out and fixed
      in either neutral formalin, formol-sucrose for histochemical analysis or had
      epithelial sheets prepared for ATPase staining of Langerhans cells. At 0, 1 and 4
      h less enzyme activity (non-specific esterase and acid phosphatase) was observed
      in the epithelium in the edge of the citric acid treated wounds compared to the
      controls. This was not seen at 24 h. No morphological difference was noted
      between the citric acid treated wounds and the controls at any of the time
      intervals. The morphology and distribution of ATPase positive Langerhans cells
      did not differ between the test and control wounds. These results indicate that
      the application of citric acid (pH 1) has little effect on the short-term healing
      of soft tissue wounds in the rat palate.

PMID- 6573345
TI  - Repair of periodontal tissues in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - Repair of experimental cavities in dental roots and of periodontal wounds was
      studied in vivo and in vitro. Incisors from monkeys were extracted and
      experimental cavities were made in the roots. The teeth were either replanted
      immediately or cultured for 1-12 weeks in tissue culture medium. After 8 weeks
      the tissue reaction around the replanted teeth was evaluated on demineralized
      histological sections and undecalcified freeze-sections incubated for
      histochemical demonstration of certain enzymes. The cultured teeth were evaluated
      on decalcified histological sections. In the experimental cavities of the
      replanted teeth reparative cementum was found. It was frequently separated from
      the denuded dentin while a firm attachment was always established to the
      intermediate cementum and dental cementum at the periphery of the cavities. The
      reparative cementum was also firmly attached to some small areas on the exposed
      dentin surface where resorption had taken place. The activity of alkaline and
      acid phosphatase was lower in the connective tissue in the experimental cavities
      than in the surrounding PDM, suggesting an incomplete regeneration of the
      periodontal membrane in these areas. A loose connective tissue devoid of
      demonstrable collagen fibers was found in the cavities in vitro. The reparative
      cementum did not fill the experimental cavities in the replanted teeth. The
      alveolar bone extended into the experimental cavities and made the width of the
      PDM normal also in the experimental cavities. Epithelial and endothelial cells
      were numerous in the connective tissue separating the reparative cementum from
      the alveolar bone in the experimental cavities. It is possible that they
      contribute to the integrity of the PDM and prevent resorption of the dental root.

PMID- 6573346
TI  - Periodontal status associated with chronic neutropenia.
AB  - A case of chronic neutropenia in a 12-year-old boy is reported. The patient
      presented with severe gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss. Immunologic
      analysis of the patient's serum revealed the presence of precipitating antibodies
      against antigenic components of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4 and 652.
      It was also found that the serum neutralized the leukotoxic activity of
      Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4. The etiology and the pathogenesis of
      periodontal disease in neutropenic patients are discussed in view of these
      findings.

PMID- 6573347
TI  - Effect of appointment time, age, and gender on children's behavior in a dental
      setting.

PMID- 6573348
TI  - Fear of dentistry: a discussion of its usefulness to certain child dental
      patients.

PMID- 6573349
TI  - Anterior crossbite correction in the primary dentition using reversed stainless
      steel crowns.

PMID- 6573350
TI  - Orofacial manifestations of childhood malignancy: clinical and microbiological
      findings during remission.

PMID- 6573351
TI  - Dental radiographic screening in children.

PMID- 6573352
TI  - Bilateral three-rooted mandibular first primary molars: report of case.

PMID- 6573353
TI  - Mucosal perforation by a primary canine root: report of case.

PMID- 6573354
TI  - Nutrition and growth-patterns of young children.

PMID- 6573355
TI  - Chromium: an essential micronutrient.
AB  - A balanced, varied and "prudent" diet is likely to furnish the chromium
      requirement, whereas a high-fat, high-sugar, high-alcohol diet would not. A
      "prudent" diet will confer health benefits in addition to those derived form the
      adequacy of chromium intake, and it will obviate the need for supplementation
      with chromium compounds that are commercially available, but not scientifically
      proven to be effective. Chromium supplementation, other than by dietary means,
      should be used only when advised by and under the supervision of a physician.

PMID- 6573356
TI  - Diet and hypertension: an update on recent research.

PMID- 6573357
TI  - Fluorides in mechanically deboned chicken.

PMID- 6573358
TI  - The treatment of nursing bottle caries.

PMID- 6573359
TI  - Behavioural principles underlying effective dietary instruction.

PMID- 6573360
TI  - Physical metallurgy of dental amalgams. 2. Microstructure.

PMID- 6573361
TI  - The efficacy of self-prescribed analgesics in the treatment of toothache.

PMID- 6573362
TI  - Properties of a Fe-Cr-Mo wire.

PMID- 6573363
TI  - The effects of process variables on levels of residual monomer in
      autopolymerizing dental acrylic resin.

PMID- 6573364
TI  - Effect of pH upon sucrose and glucose catabolism by the various genogroups of
      Streptococcus mutans.
AB  - Sucrose and glucose catabolism by seven strains of Streptococcus mutans belonging
      to six serotypes was assayed at pH's 6.5, 5.0, 4.5, and 4.0 with a radioisotopic
      tracer assay. The strains differed in their patterns of metabolic stimulation and
      inhibition at the different pH levels, falling into groups corresponding to the
      genetic groups described by Coykendall. The genogroup I (serotypes c and e)
      strains were the most acid-tolerant, having a pH optimum for lactic acid
      production at pH 5.0. These data furnish additional metabolic confirmation of the
      distinctiveness of these S. mutans subgroups.

PMID- 6573365
TI  - The ultrastructure of dentinal tubules from erupted human premolar teeth.
AB  - Different regions of crown dentin from erupted human premolars were examined
      ultrastructurally to determine the contents of the dentinal tubules. Odontoblast
      processes were limited to inner dentin, and nerve fibers were not observed in any
      tubules examined.

PMID- 6573366
TI  - Effect of indomethacin on the blood flow of the rabbit submandibular gland.
AB  - Effects of the stimulation of the chorda tympani and acetylcholine infused into
      the artery of the gland were studied on the blood flow and saliva secretion of
      the rabbit submandibular gland before and after indomethacin treatment. The
      enhancement of blood flow and saliva secretion was less apparent after
      indomethacin than before. Results suggest that endogenous prostaglandins are also
      involved in the mechanism of the augmentation of blood flow and saliva secretion
      produced by the stimulation of the chorda tympani in the rabbit submandibular
      gland.

PMID- 6573367
TI  - Fluoride uptake by artificial caries lesions from fluoride dentifrices in vivo.
AB  - Artificial caries lesions were implanted in removable dentures and were brushed
      for two wk or two mo with several fluoride-containing dentifrices. An analysis of
      thin layers of enamel removed from the lesions showed that more fluoride was
      deposited after two mo of brushing, and that fluoride deposition from the sodium
      monofluorophosphate was similar to deposition from the sodium fluoride
      dentifrice.

PMID- 6573368
TI  - Volume and composition of pilocarpine- and isoproterenol-stimulated submandibular
      saliva of early postnatal rats.
AB  - Submandibular saliva was collected from early postnatal rats by cannulation of
      the main excretory duct of individual glands after i.p. injections of pilocarpine
      (10 mg/kg body weight) or isoproterenol (10 mg/kg body weight). With this method
      of saliva collection, a secretory response to pilocarpine was observed at two wk
      of age. The average weight of 40 glands was 35.6 +/- 1.6 mg, and the average
      volume of saliva secreted in 60 min was 32 +/- 2.2 microliters. By three wk of
      age, the gland had approximately doubled in size (average weight of 39 glands =
      61.9 +/- 3.1 mg), and the average total volume of saliva secreted in 60 min was
      more than three times larger (120.4 +/- 10.5 microliters) than that secreted by
      two-week-old rats. The relationship between electrolyte (Na+, K+, Ca++) and
      protein concentrations and rate of flow was similar to that observed in
      pilocarpine-stimulated adult saliva, and did not differ appreciably in the saliva
      of two- and three-week-old animals. A measurable secretory response to
      isoproterenol was observed at three wk of age when saliva was collected by duct
      cannulation. The average total volume of saliva secreted in 60 min was 48 +/- 3.1
      microliters, and salivary Na+ and K+ concentrations, and their relationship to
      flow rate, were similar to those of isoproterenol-stimulated adult saliva. Saliva
      Ca++ and protein concentrations were also generally similar to those of
      isoproterenol-stimulated adult saliva. Total protein output (in 60 min) was 2 1/2
      times greater in three-week-old rats with isoproterenol stimulation (compared to
      pilocarpine stimulation), but was significantly smaller than that of
      isoproterenol-stimulated adult glands. It is concluded that the submandibular
      gland of early postnatal rats is capable of secreting saliva in vivo following
      cholinergic and beta-adrenergic stimulation, and that this ability corresponds
      with the appearance of the corresponding autonomic receptors, but precedes
      cytodifferentiation. Ductal transport of electrolytes is well-developed at this
      stage of postnatal development, but fluid and protein output is smaller than in
      adult glands and requires full morphological maturation of acinar cells.

PMID- 6573369
TI  - Acute tissue irritation of polysulfide rubber impression materials.
AB  - The acute toxic reaction to 14 polysulfide rubber impression materials certified
      by the ADA was measured after injection into the oral mucosa of two baboons for
      48 h, and the inflammatory response was evaluated quantitatively. Two materials
      were significantly more toxic than the others. Although light-bodied materials
      were less toxic and contained less lead, toxicity was not strongly related to
      lead content.

PMID- 6573370
TI  - A comparative study of salivary lysozyme in caries-resistant and caries
      susceptible adults.
AB  - Lysozyme concentration was quantitated immunochemically in parotid and
      submandibular-sublingual saliva of 46 caries-resistant and 17 caries-susceptible
      adults. There was essentially no difference between the two groups. The
      concentration of lysozyme was three times higher in the submandibular-sublingual
      than in the parotid secretion, and was significantly higher in unstimulated
      submandibular saliva than in secretions stimulated with 1, 2, or 4% citric acid.
      There were no significant differences in flow rate between caries-resistant and 
      susceptible subjects. Salivary lysozyme concentration is not a critical
      determinant of resistance or susceptibility to caries.

PMID- 6573371
TI  - Cutaneous sensory thresholds from skin overlying masseter and forearm in MPD
      patients and controls.
AB  - Cutaneous sensory thresholds from skin overlying both masseters and right ventral
      forearm were measured in a group of 12 MPD patients and an appropriately matched
      group of non-patients. No significant differences were found between the two
      groups, nor were there significant differences between symptomatic and
      contralateral asymptomatic sites in the patients. There does not appear to be
      evidence for differences in sensory characteristics in the cutaneous afferent
      pathway of MPD patients.

PMID- 6573372
TI  - Tooth wear rates among contemporary Australian Aborigines.
AB  - Most reports of Aboriginal tooth wear have been descriptive, and few have dealt
      with the question of wear rate. This study records cusp heights of dental casts
      taken from individuals during a growth study of Aboriginal children from ages six
      to 18. Their rates of wear were greater than those of Europeans, and the most
      rapid rate was recorded among Aboriginal males. These differences are due to the
      quantity of dietary abrasives.

PMID- 6573373
TI  - Occlusal forces in normal- and long-face adults.
AB  - Using both quartz- and foil-based piezo-electric force transducers, occlusal
      forces during swallow, simulated chewing, and maximum effort were evaluated in 19
      long-face and 21 normal individuals. Forces were measured at 2.5 mm and 6.0 mm
      molar separation. Long-face individuals have significantly less occlusal force
      during maximum effort, simulated chewing, and swallowing than do individuals with
      normal vertical facial dimensions. No differences in forces between 2.5- and 6.0
      mm jaw separation were observed for either group.

PMID- 6573374
TI  - Occlusal forces in normal- and long-face children.
AB  - In children aged from six to 11 yr, forces of dental occlusion during swallowing,
      simulated chewing, and hard biting are similar for normal- and long-face
      individuals. Forces in the normal- and long-face children are similar to those in
      long-face adults, but are about half those in normal adults. It appears that
      individuals with the long-face pattern fail to gain strength normally in the
      mandibular elevator muscles.

PMID- 6573375
TI  - Prednisolone clearance: a possible determinant for glucocorticoid efficacy in
      patients with oral vesiculo-erosive diseases.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of prednisolone were determined in 12 patients with oral
      vesiculo-erosive diseases. The bioavailability of prednisone in these patients
      exhibited a low intersubject variability, while the metabolic clearance rate of
      total and of unbound prednisolone varied considerably from patient to patient.

PMID- 6573377
TI  - Prediction of color of an esthetic restorative material.
AB  - The color of a composite of several thicknesses with a highly chromatic
      background was predicted successfully from reflectance spectra of the material of
      a known thickness with dark and light achromatic backgrounds by applying the
      Kubelka-Munk theory. The infinite optical thickness of the composite increased as
      wave-length increased.

PMID- 6573376
TI  - A study of productivity and participation at IADR and AADR annual meetings from
      1970 to 1981.
AB  - An analysis was conducted of the scientific research productivity and
      participation in the International Association for Dental Research and the
      American Association for Dental Research annual meetings between 1970 and 1981.
      The study was designed to describe the overall level of participation, most
      productive institutions by year, and percent change in total research
      productivity of participating institutions and countries from 1970 to 1981. The
      results indicate that a total of approximately 687 different institutions
      representing 49 countries participated during the 12-year period. The total
      number of presentations increased by 77%, while the total number of participating
      institutions increased by 63%. The top 20 most productive institutions in any
      given year accounted for between 38 and 51% of all research presented. Of these
      top 20 participating institutions, approximately 83% were universities. An
      analysis by year and most productive institutions from 1980 to 1981 is presented.

PMID- 6573378
TI  - Mechanism of adhesion of polyelectrolyte cements to hydroxyapatite.
AB  - The interaction between polyacrylate ions and hydroxyapatite was examined using
      extraction techniques and infra-red spectroscopy. These studies have shown that
      polyacrylate ions become irreversibly attached to the surface of hydroxyapatite
      by displacing existing phosphate ions. The mechanism is not one of simple ion
      exchange, since calcium ions are displaced by the phosphate ions.

PMID- 6573379
TI  - Analysis of thermally-induced stresses in porcelain-metal systems.
AB  - An analysis of the stresses which develop during air cooling and shock testing of
      a simulated porcelain-metal crown is presented. Strain gauges were used to
      experimentally determine porcelain surface stresses during shock testing. The
      finite element method was used to calculate stress patterns throughout the
      simulated crown. This study indicates that the previously reported high degree of
      correlation between dilatometry-derived compatibility index values and delta T
      values may be related to porcelain tensile strengths and defect density.

PMID- 6573380
TI  - International Association for Dental Research. IADR abstracts 1983.

PMID- 6573381
TI  - The role of research in dental education. Proceedings of a national conference.
      Minneapolis, Minnesota, October 11-13, 1982.

PMID- 6573383
TI  - Periodontal research: implications for the future of academic dentistry.

PMID- 6573382
TI  - Research on dental caries: implications for the future of academic dentistry.

PMID- 6573385
TI  - II. Fostering research activity in academic dentistry. Comments on the national
      scene.

PMID- 6573384
TI  - Research on craniofacial genetics and developmental biology: implications for the
      future of academic dentistry.
AB  - The literature of biology abounds in awe-inspiring acts of iridescent genius.
      Although a law of nature is phrased in abstract language and is itself devoid of
      passion and sensibility, the history of its discovery may be an epic worthy of
      Homer, every page of which bears the stamp of the personality of people. Clearly,
      scientific truth can be defended by dispassionate logic, but its discovery cannot
      be promoted this way. The human factor in the creative equation is an important
      aspect. The discovery of the principles that now form the foundation of
      developmental craniofacial biology is a story of irony and paradox. Although much
      progress has been made in many scientific endeavors, many questions regarding
      craniofacial growth and development remain unanswered. One of the main problems
      encountered in studies of mammalian growth and development, specifically those
      dealing with developmental craniofacial biology, has been the apparent lack of
      application of advances in parallel fields of scientific endeavor. The time seems
      appropriate for commingling clinical problems with the recently acquired
      principles of cellular, molecular, and developmental biology.

PMID- 6573386
TI  - Interhealth science relationships in fostering dental research.

PMID- 6573387
TI  - Fostering research activity in academic dentistry. Perspectives on research
      support.

PMID- 6573388
TI  - Fostering research activity in academic dentistry. Relations between the
      university and industry.

PMID- 6573389
TI  - Fostering research activity in academic dentistry. Planning and conducting
      research activities.

PMID- 6573390
TI  - Decreased prevalence of dental caries: influence on curriculum design.

PMID- 6573391
TI  - Decreased prevalence of dental caries--influence on curriculum design:
      commentary.

PMID- 6573393
TI  - Research issues in dental education: report on the workshops. Faculty
      development: commentary.

PMID- 6573392
TI  - Research issues in dental education: report on the workshops. Faculty
      development.
AB  - Research should have a prominent place in dental education. The expectation that
      all dental faculty will engage in research to some extent is consistent with the
      objectives of predoctoral dental education. In setting this expectation for
      faculty members, schools must recognize the limitations of the dental faculties'
      formal education in research and provide for growth through faculty development
      programs. A clear statement of expectations can facilitate this process. Schools
      of dentistry can promote research by giving high priority to teacher training,
      setting priorities for allocation of research development resources, and
      providing for the interaction of faculty within and outside the school.

PMID- 6573394
TI  - The value of research experience for undergraduate dental students.

PMID- 6573395
TI  - The value of research experience for undergraduate dental students: commentary
      and discussion summary.

PMID- 6573396
TI  - Innovative nontraditional approaches to the support of research activities in
      dental schools.

PMID- 6573397
TI  - Innovative nontraditional approaches to the support of research activities in
      dental schools: commentary and discussion summary.

PMID- 6573398
TI  - Education, research, and service: the priority of research.

PMID- 6573399
TI  - Education, research, and service--the priority of research: commentary and
      discussion summary.

PMID- 6573400
TI  - The role of research in dental education: summary and conclusions.

PMID- 6573401
TI  - Dental editors I have enjoyed.

PMID- 6573402
TI  - An overview of orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6573403
TI  - The physiologic nature of caries susceptibility. Part II. Interactions between
      plaque, bacteria and the tooth.

PMID- 6573404
TI  - Sugar intake and dental caries.

PMID- 6573405
TI  - Anesthetics and methylparaben.

PMID- 6573406
TI  - Hair analysis.

PMID- 6573407
TI  - NIDR 1983. New directions for improving the nation's dental health.

PMID- 6573408
TI  - Dentistry's prospects for the future: a personal perspective.

PMID- 6573409
TI  - Final evaluation of tolonium chloride rinse for screening of high-risk patients
      with asymptomatic squamous carcinoma.

PMID- 6573410
TI  - Dentists' behavior management as it affects compliance and fear in pediatric
      patients.

PMID- 6573411
TI  - Saccharin inhibits tooth decay in laboratory models.

PMID- 6573412
TI  - Effect of school water fluoridation on dental caries: results in Seagrove, NC,
      after 12 years.

PMID- 6573413
TI  - Technical performance on amalgam restorations by dentists and auxiliaries in
      private practice.

PMID- 6573414
TI  - Cavernous sinus thrombosis: report of case.

PMID- 6573415
TI  - Healing of an iatrogenic root defect without treatment: report of a case.

PMID- 6573416
TI  - Clinical management of an unusual case of dens evaginatus in a maxillary central
      incisor.

PMID- 6573417
TI  - Maxillary root resections--tooth preparation and biologic restorations.

PMID- 6573418
TI  - Airborne particles from alginate powders.

PMID- 6573419
TI  - Dental supplies and equipment price index, update to 1982. Bureau of Economic and
      Behavioral Research.

PMID- 6573420
TI  - Accredited dental schools. Commission on Dental Accreditation.

PMID- 6573421
TI  - Soft, painless, nonulcerated mass in the lower lip.

PMID- 6573422
TI  - Dentistry on stamps.

PMID- 6573423
TI  - The physiologic aspects of eating disorders.

PMID- 6573424
TI  - Eating disorders in infancy and early childhood.

PMID- 6573425
TI  - An overview of anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and obesity in children and
      adolescents.

PMID- 6573426
TI  - Persistent cutaneous cellular immune responsiveness in a nursing home population.
AB  - Mantoux-type skin tests were applied to 29 elderly residents of an intermediate
      care floor of a nursing home. Eight antigens were used with each resident, and
      the size of the reactions was measured at 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours. All but one
      resident had at least one response greater than or equal to 3 mm at 48 or 72
      hours, and most had more than one response of that size. At 48 compared with 72
      hours, there was one more responder and the mean size of the reactions to each
      antigen was greatest. However, there were two responders at 72 hours who did not
      react at 48 hours, and the total number of reactions in the group was greater at
      the later reading. Only one resident did not produce any response at either 48 or
      74 hours. The minimum number of antigens needed to identify all responsive
      subjects was five (PPD-Avian, coccidioidin, histoplasmin, streptokinase
      streptodornase, and trychophytin). The purified protein derivative of tuberculin
      skin test was repeated on subjects who had an initial response less than 10 mm,
      and one increase of more than 6 mm was observed in a resident who was initially
      unresponsive to that antigen.

PMID- 6573427
TI  - Ulcerative colitis and sensorineural hearing loss: relevance of prostaglandins?

PMID- 6573428
TI  - The major histocompatibility complex of rhesus monkeys, RhLA: XV. Chemical
      characterizations of DR locus antigens and antigen 48.
AB  - Immunoprecipitation studies of the rhesus monkey major histocompatibility system
      have shown that the RhLA-DR locus codes for class II antigens with molecular
      features that are homologous to the class II antigens coded for by the human HLA
      DR locus. The product of another alloantigenic RhLA-linked locus of the rhesus
      monkey, called '48', is provisionally characterized as a class I system.

PMID- 6573429
TI  - Histocompatibility leukocyte antigens in patients with toxic-shock syndrome.

PMID- 6573431
TI  - Conventional endodontics. "The state of the art".

PMID- 6573432
TI  - High frequency ventilation--an overview.

PMID- 6573430
TI  - Effect of poly I:C/poly-L-lysine (poly ICL) on the development of murine
      osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - Poly I:C/poly-L-lysine (poly ICL) was effective in preventing or delaying the
      development of osteogenic sarcoma (OGS) in mice. C57BL/6J mice were inoculated
      subcutaneously with 5 X 10(4) OGS cells and treatment was evaluated by palpable
      tumor development and subsequent day of death. A significant antitumor effect
      resulted from injection of 150 microgram of poly ICL into the tumor site starting
      immediately after tumor implant and followed by four subsequent treatments.
      Seventy percent of treated animals remained tumor free at 50 days, a time at
      which 70% of placebo treated animals had died as a result of tumor development. A
      similar treatment regimen of mice inoculated with 2 X 10(5) OGS cells resulted in
      a significant delay of time to tumor and subsequent day of death. Treatments with
      poly ICL were ineffective if they were initiated after development of palpable
      tumor or if they were administered at a nontumorous site on the animal. These
      findings indicate that the optimal therapy resulted from repeated intratumor
      treatment prior to development of extensive tumor burden.

PMID- 6573433
TI  - Chromosomal instability in Streptomyces glaucescens: mapping of streptomycin
      sensitive mutants.
AB  - Streptomyces glaucescens strain GLAO (=ETH 22794) produces hydroxystreptomycin
      and has a high natural resistance to hydroxystreptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin and
      streptomycin. The wild-type strain gives rise spontaneously to streptomycin
      sensitive (StrS-) variants at a frequency of 0 . 2 to 1 . 4%. These mutants lack
      streptomycin phosphotransferase activity responsible for the wild-type resistance
      to streptomycin group antibiotics and are unable to produce detectable amounts of
      hydroxystreptomycin. Mapping experiments showed that the strS marker lies between
      the chromosomal markers lys-2 and ura-3 on the linkage map of S. glaucescens. The
      molecular basis for instability of this marker is as yet unknown.

PMID- 6573434
TI  - A technique for periodontal dressing retention on an isolated tooth.

PMID- 6573435
TI  - Drug prescribing preferences of Nebraska dentists.

PMID- 6573436
TI  - Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome in monozygotic twins.
AB  - Concordance is reported of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome in a male twin pair in
      whom phenotyping revealed a >98.7% probability that they were monozygotic. The
      development and extent of the illness differed markedly in the two subjects. Our
      findings are compatible with the view that there is a genetic form of Gilles de
      la Tourette syndrome.

PMID- 6573438
TI  - Stress and the dentist.

PMID- 6573439
TI  - Dental student stress as measured by life event change.

PMID- 6573437
TI  - Effects of subarachnoid haemorrhage on intracranial prostaglandins.
AB  - Prostaglandins E2, F2 alpha, 6 oxo F1 alpha and thromboxane B2 increased in
      cisternal CSF following mock subarachnoid haemorrhage in dogs, particularly PGE2
      (X25.5). Concentrations were increased also in lumbar CSF of five patients some 8
      days after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Subarachnoid haemorrhage did not alter the
      production of prostaglandins by dog whole cortex or choroid plexuses in vitro,
      but production by pooled dissected cerebral arteries of PGE2 was increased and of
      6 oxo F1 alpha was decreased. Intravenous indomethacin decreased prostaglandin
      production by cerebral tissues, and caused a marked decrease in the prostacyclin
      metabolite in CSF. The implications of our findings for the aetiology of cerebral
      vasospasm are discussed.

PMID- 6573440
TI  - Oral manifestations of lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 6573441
TI  - Office manual construction made simple.

PMID- 6573442
TI  - Current status of the attack against dental caries.

PMID- 6573443
TI  - Guidelines for recommending fluoride supplements in New Jersey.

PMID- 6573445
TI  - Critical issues in H.I.S. selection.

PMID- 6573444
TI  - Guidelines for computer literacy curriculums in a school of nursing.

PMID- 6573446
TI  - H.I.S. implementation approach.

PMID- 6573447
TI  - Nursing education and practice: idealism and reality. An educator's viewpoint.

PMID- 6573448
TI  - Nursing education and practice: idealism and reality. A practitioner's viewpoint.

PMID- 6573449
TI  - Nursing education and practice: idealism and reality. An educator's reaction.

PMID- 6573450
TI  - Nursing education and practice: idealism and reality. A nursing director's
      reaction.

PMID- 6573451
TI  - Computer literacy: the challenge of the '80s.

PMID- 6573452
TI  - Heart rates in fire fighters using light and heavy breathing equipment: similar
      near-maximal exertion in response to multiple work load conditions.
AB  - Intense exertion is an occupational hazard inherent to fire fighting. This study
      was designed to look at the exertion levels that fire fighters attain during a
      fire fighting exercise when using (1) no self-contained breathing apparatus
      (SCBA), (2) light SCBA, and (3) heavy SCBA. Exertion levels were measured as a
      function of the heart rate increase relative to the maximum predicted heart rate
      determined by a standard treadmill exercise test. Five fire fighters wore
      electrocardiographic monitors during a routine fire fighting exercise. Heart
      rates increased rapidly to 70% to 80% of maximum within the first minute and then
      plateaued at 90% to 100% until the attack on the fire was completed. There was no
      significant difference between exertion levels when using no SCBA, light SCBA,
      and heavy SCBA (split-plot analysis of variance, p greater than .25). These
      results suggest that fire fighters attain an intense level of physical activity
      quickly and maintain that level as long as they are actively engaged in fighting
      fire. These results also suggest that regardless of the weight of the SCBA, if
      employed, fire fighters exert themselves from 85% to 100% of their maximum and
      adjust their work output to maintain that near-maximal level.

PMID- 6573453
TI  - Zinc supplementation and taste in head and neck cancer patients undergoing
      radiation therapy.

PMID- 6573454
TI  - Focal epithelial hyperplasia in a Sudanese girl.

PMID- 6573455
TI  - An adenomatoid odontogenic tumor simulating globulo-maxillary cyst.

PMID- 6573456
TI  - Papillary and verrucous lesions of oral mucous membranes.

PMID- 6573457
TI  - Verrucous carcinoma invading the orbit: report of a case.

PMID- 6573458
TI  - Lipomas of the oral cavity. Report of three cases.

PMID- 6573459
TI  - The prevalence of oral tori in Malaysians.

PMID- 6573461
TI  - The chloride corrosion behaviour of four orthodontic wires.
AB  - Potentiodynamic cyclic polarization of four orthodontic alloys (wires), namely
      Permachrome, Elgiloy, a beta-titanium alloy and Nitinol in a 1% NaCl solution
      within -500 mV and +300 mV (SCE) indicated the first three alloys to be passive
      whereas breakdown of passivity was observed on Nitinol. The SEM examination of
      the pre- and post-polarized alloy surfaces provided evidence which was consistent
      with the electrochemical measurements, in that the first three alloys exhibited
      no appreciable corrosion damage whereas pitting corrosion was observed on
      Nitinol. The results obtained from X-ray analysis of the pitted surface indicated
      that this pitting could be due to selective dissolution of nickel from Nitinol.

PMID- 6573460
TI  - Correlations between EMG jaw muscle activity and facial morphology in complete
      denture wearers.
AB  - In a sample of fifteen partially edentulous subjects assigned for immediate
      complete denture treatment, a correlation analysis was performed between pre
      extraction facial morphology determined from lateral cephalograms, and EMG
      activity of the anterior temporal and masseter muscles in maximal clench and
      tapping of teeth. Marked correlations observed between vertical and sagittal jaw
      relations and mean voltages of the jaw-closing muscles indicated strong biting
      activity in subjects with a square facial type. No significant associations were
      observed between biting strength and the age of the subjects. Correlations
      between facial morphological changes and changes in EMG biting activity after
      denture insertion and during 1 year of denture wear indicated that the anterior
      temporal muscles were extremely sensitive to sagittal changes in anterior
      occlusion. The masseter muscles were less sensitive, but responded in some
      instances to changes in vertical jaw relationship.

PMID- 6573462
TI  - The use of biofeedback to obtain jaw-muscle relaxation in denture-wearing
      subjects.
AB  - A group of ten edentulous patients, who had experienced persistent soreness of
      the mucous membrane underlying their lower dentures, have been shown to exhibit a
      tendency towards greater activity of the temporal muscle while ostensibly at
      rest, compared with a number of normal subjects. A biofeedback technique, based
      on electromyography, proved effective in teaching the patients to relax during an
      experiment of approximately 20 min duration. In contrast relatively little change
      could be achieved by the normal subjects. It is concluded that the results
      support the hypothesis that muscle tension may contribute to lower denture
      discomfort, and suggest that biofeedback muscle relaxation training may be a
      useful method of treatment in such cases.

PMID- 6573463
TI  - The effects of cyclic stress on dental polymethylmethacrylate. II. Flexural
      fatigue.
AB  - Mechanisms of fatigue failure in polymers and the aims of fatigue testing have
      been examined, and factors affecting testing summarized. In the light of
      available work in several fields, parameters have been suggested for realistic
      flexural fatigue testing of denture base resins. A testing machine has been
      developed, with which the changes in properties of acrylic resin after fatigue in
      different environments can be studied. These changes developed gradually after
      10(4) cycles and were related to the development of bulk crazing rather than to
      thermal effects. The amount of decay in the elastic modulus was not such that the
      material could have been said to have "failed".

PMID- 6573464
TI  - The abrasion of acrylic resin by cleaning pastes.
AB  - The physical removal of plaque from dentures by brushing is important in the
      maintenance of oral health. However, there is a danger that brushing will abrade
      acrylic resin. A machine using a rotary brushing action was therefore utilized
      for laboratory tests of possible cleaning pastes, employing a toothbrush with
      good access and adaptability to denture surfaces. Crest toothpaste produced the
      most abrasion on acrylic resin, Dentu-Creme the least. An experimental paste
      produced an appreciably lower abrasion rate. Self-cured specimens wore more than
      heat-cured ones. The rate of abrasion decreased as the temperature was raised.
      Brushing with water alone, or with a 10% solution of soap, did not produce
      detectable wear. The wear produced by proprietary cleaners when hand brushing the
      lingual flanges of dentures and flat blanks of heat-cured acrylic was also
      measured. Boots denture cleaning paste produced the greatest abrasion, Dentu
      Creme the least. The wear measured by reference to a glass plane was at least
      twice that recorded by the decrease in depth of a groove. The machine did not
      quantitatively produce the same abrasion as hand brushing, nor did it
      qualitatively rank the pastes in the same order of abrasiveness. The clinical
      relevance of these results is discussed.

PMID- 6573465
TI  - Assessment and treatment of stress in myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome: a
      model for analysis.
AB  - Myofascial pain dysfunction (MPD) syndrome has received widespread attention in
      the dental and psychological literature. The present paper considers issues
      concerning a stress-related muscular hyperactivity theory of MPD syndrome. A
      review of the empirical evidence as well as methodological problems evident in
      these studies has been noted. In addition, definition aspects of stress and a
      conceptual model of stress in clinical use is presented. A functional analysis of
      the problem components will help determine a proper treatment protocol for
      patients suffering from stress-related myofascial pain. A discussion of the
      conceptual model for assessment and treatment purposes is presented and its
      implications for future research noted.

PMID- 6573466
TI  - Marketing a dental practice.

PMID- 6573467
TI  - Lichenoid.

PMID- 6573468
TI  - Congenital sensory neuropathy with skeletal dysplasia.

PMID- 6573469
TI  - Attachment, growth and synthesis by human gingival fibroblasts on demineralized
      or fibronectin-treated normal and diseased tooth roots.
AB  - Regeneration of a fibrous attachment to tooth roots previously exposed to
      periodontal pockets requires interaction between the root surface and
      fibroblasts. Experiments were designed to assess whether or not fibroblasts will
      attach, grow and synthesize normally on tooth roots and determine the efficacy of
      various treatments of diseased root surfaces on these activities. Extracted teeth
      were collected, washed and stored frozen until used. The roots were sectioned and
      the surface area determined. All roots were thoroughly planed to remove most of
      the cementum and some were then treated with fibronectin or citric acid. Each
      root was placed in a Linbro well and a suspension of fibroblasts in Dulbecco Vogt
      medium with 10% fetal calf serum added. After cell attachment, each root was
      transferred to a fresh well and incubated. Some roots were examined by scanning
      electron microscopy. Attachment and growth were assessed by harvesting and
      counting cells after various incubation times. The pattern of protein synthesis
      was determined by preparing fluorographs from cultures pulse labeled with
      radioactive S35-methionine. Cells attach and grow on planed root surfaces. The
      number that attach to normal and diseased roots is greatly enhanced by
      pretreatment with fibronectin or citric acid. By day three, the cells become
      confluent at approximately 20,000/cm2. The pattern of proteins produced is
      comparable to that seen in cultures maintained in petri dishes. After root
      planing, cells attach, grow and synthesize equally well on diseased and normal
      roots.

PMID- 6573470
TI  - Fibrin linkage: a precursor for new attachment.
AB  - Previous studies indicated that connective tissue attachment to the root surface
      appeared to be dependent upon a chronologic healing sequence related to fibrin
      and collagen interactions. It was the purpose of the present study to try and
      substantiate this hypothesis by using histologic techniques designed to
      differentiate between fibrin and collagen during healing at the root surface
      interface. In four squirrel monkeys, 24 normal teeth were extracted and
      reimplanted after either (i) surgically denuding the coronal root surface of
      connective tissue fibers and cementum by root planing or, (ii) surgical
      denudation followed by topical application of citric acid (pH = 1; 3 minutes).
      Three specimens were available for histological analysis 1, 3, 7 and 21 days
      after reimplantation. Mallory's phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin staining
      technique was used to differentiate between fibrin and collagen. Epithelium
      migrated rapidly along the denuded, non-acid-treated, root surfaces, had reached
      the alveolar crest at 3 days, and was within the ligament space to the level of
      root denudation at 21 days. Epithelium did not migrate apically along denuded
      root surfaces treated with citric acid. At 1 and 3 days, inflammatory cells were
      enmeshed in a fibrin network which appeared to be attached to the root surface by
      arcade-like structures. At 7 and 21 days, the region had repopulated with
      connective tissue cells, and collagen fibers had replaced the fibrin. It was
      concluded that collagen fiber attachment to the root surface was preceded by
      fibrin linkage, and that the linkage process occurred as an initial event in the
      wound healing response.

PMID- 6573471
TI  - The formation and healing of osseous lesions in a patient with localized juvenile
      periodontitis. Case report.

PMID- 6573472
TI  - The use of six selected teeth in population measures of periodontal status.
AB  - Selected teeth have been used to represent the entire dentition in many
      epidemiological and clinical investigations. The present study sought to assess
      the relationship between the six selected teeth described by Ramfjord and the
      entire dentition for the Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Calculus Index and Loss of
      Attachment. The computations were performed on measurements obtained in
      investigations of the natural history of periodontal disease in Norway and Sri
      Lanka. A consistently strong correlation was observed between the tooth subset
      and whole mouth for all indices in both populations. This relationship persisted
      even though single members or pairs of the subset of teeth were removed from the
      calculations. Some bias, however, was observed with all indices. Plaque and
      gingival indices obtained from the six teeth underestimated whole mouth scores in
      the low range (less than 1.0) and overestimated scores in the high range (greater
      than 2.0). Use of the tooth subset for calculus and loss of attachment
      consistently overestimated scores for the entire dentition.

PMID- 6573473
TI  - A method to measure pain associated with hypersensitive dentin.
AB  - Pain associated with dental hypersensitivity has been difficult to assess. An
      electronic threshold measure was developed to increase the degree of objectivity
      in a subject's response to a cold thermal stimulus. The apparatus consisted of a
      miniature thermistor connected to a medical multichannel recorder with a hand
      held event recorder. The thermistor was placed adjacent to the hypersensitive
      area for an accurate temperature measure of the point at which the subject first
      reported pain. Room temperature air was gently blown on the hypersensitive area,
      dropping the surface temperature evenly from intraoral temperature to room
      temperature. Results indicated that this method of assessment provided consistent
      and reproducible data. The apparatus can detect changes in sensitivity and offers
      an objective approach to sensitivity studies.

PMID- 6573474
TI  - Purification and characterization of galactosephilic component present on the
      cell surfaces of Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10557.
AB  - Previous studies have indicated that a galactosephilic component present on the
      bacterial cell surfaces of Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10557 may be responsible
      for the salivary glycoprotein-mediated binding of the cells. The purpose of this
      study was to investigate the purification and characterization of galactosephilic
      cell surface component from S. sanguis ATCC 10557. A galactosephilic component
      involving fibrils on the cell surfaces was isolated by the techniques of freezing
      and thawing, and purified by an affinity chromatography on beta-D-galactose
      binding-Bio-Gel P-2 followed by gel filtrations on Bio-Gel P-150 and on Bio-Gel P
      30. Both disk gel electrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis showed that the purified product was homogeneous. The isoelectric
      point of the purified sample was 8.5 to 9.0. Treatment of the purified sample
      with pronase E reduced remarkably either the hemagglutinating activity or the
      precipitation reaction with proline-rich glycoprotein in human parotid saliva,
      suggesting that the active site may be present on the peptide moieties. When
      sugar specificity was examined by hemagglutination-inhibition test, D-galactose
      was the strongest inhibitor. The results of this study suggest that the
      galactosephilic component may be a bacterial lectin.

PMID- 6573475
TI  - Peripheral ameloblastoma: a case report.

PMID- 6573476
TI  - Conditioned oral scurvy due to megavitamin C withdrawal.

PMID- 6573477
TI  - Transport of prostaglandins through normal and diabetic rat hepatocytes.
AB  - Transport of alprostadil (prostaglandin E1) and dinoprost (prostaglandin F2
      alpha) was studied in enzymatically dispersed normal and streptozocin-treated rat
      hepatocytes prepared by collagenase perfusion. Cell suspensions incubated at 37
      degrees were sampled at time intervals for a period of 5 min and the supernatant
      analyzed for prostaglandins after centrifugation. The data analysis employed a
      theory and a model for solute transfer at the cell membrane-water interphase.
      Biophysical parameters such as the effective partition and the apparent
      permeability constants were used to define the transport mechanism. The apparent
      permeability coefficient of alprostadil and dinoprost transfer through normal
      hepatocytes was calculated to be 5 X 10(-3) and 3 X 10(-3) cm/sec with a mean
      partition coefficient of 1345 and 764 for both solutes, respectively. The
      permeability coefficient of alprostadil and dinoprost transfer through diabetic
      hepatocytes were 3 X 10(-3) and 2 X 10(-3) cm/sec with partition coefficient of
      572 and 206, respectively. The results showed differences in prostaglandin
      transport between normal and diabetic hepatocytes, resulting from morphological
      and lipid alteration in the cytoplasmic membrane.

PMID- 6573478
TI  - Active versus passive adaptation: an acoustic study of vowels produced with and
      without dentures.

PMID- 6573479
TI  - Protective effect of polystyrene liners for composite resin restorations.
AB  - The main purpose of lining cavities before insertion of composite resin
      restorations is to prevent bacterial contamination at the cavity walls. A thin
      film of polystyrene liner dissolved in ethyl acetate applied to all surfaces by
      compressed air provided good protection against bacteria on cavity walls under
      composite resin restorations. An antibacterial primer in an alcohol solution
      applied prior to the liner may improve this protection. This procedure had no
      detectable injurious effect on the pulp.

PMID- 6573480
TI  - Intraligamentary anesthesia: a clinical study.

PMID- 6573481
TI  - The influence of shelf life and storage conditions on some properties of
      composite resins.
AB  - This study demonstrated that the rate of strengthening and the ultimate strength
      of composite resins depend on the storage record of the material before
      polymerization. It is likely that both properties are related to the
      concentration of an effective initiator at the moment of use. For dental practice
      a somewhat delayed setting is inconvenient but acceptable. A decrease of ultimate
      strength, however, is an indication of less effective polymerization. Thus,
      premature disintegration may be expected from such material. Because no
      specification offers a measure for the shelf life of a composite resin, a
      reduction of the diametral tensile strength (for example, 20%) may be a useful
      test to indicate decomposition.

PMID- 6573482
TI  - Surgical considerations in the prosthetic treatment of ocular and orbital
      defects.

PMID- 6573483
TI  - Two-piece orbital prosthesis.

PMID- 6573484
TI  - A tongue-shielding radiation stent.
AB  - This article describes a simple technique for fabricating stents to protect the
      lateral border of the tongue during therapeutic radiation therapy delivered to a
      unilateral region such as used in treating parotid or retromolar trigone lesions.
      The technique requires materials that are readily available and expertise that is
      possessed by all dentists. The use of radiation-protective stents markedly
      minimizes the treatment sequelae from therapeutic irradiation. The use of these
      protective stents is appreciated by patients and radiation therapists alike.

PMID- 6573485
TI  - Craniomandibular (TMJ) disorders--the state of the art. Part II: accepted
      diagnostic and treatment modalities.

PMID- 6573486
TI  - A 21/2-year follow-up of changes in headache and mandibular dysfunction after
      stomatognathic treatment.
AB  - A 21/2-year follow-up of the treatment results in 52 patients with mandibular
      dysfunction and recurrent headache has been compared with pretreatment and 1-year
      follow-up findings. It was shown that (1) the clinical and subjective improvement
      observed after 1 year was maintained in most patients after 21/2 years, (2) 13%
      of patients received no benefit from treatment, (3) 10% of patients had relapses
      during the follow-up period, (4) 8% of patients thought that they needed further
      treatment, and (5) nearly 50% of those treated continued to use an occlusal
      splint at regular or periodic intervals, but few continued use of therapeutic
      exercises for more than 3 months. It can be concluded that the long-term
      prognosis for treatment of mandibular dysfunction is good even when recurrent
      headache is considered a symptom of this complex syndrome.

PMID- 6573487
TI  - The dysgnathogenic distress syndrome.

PMID- 6573488
TI  - Occlusion in the dental curriculum: 1980-1981.

PMID- 6573489
TI  - Impact of complete dentures and impaired natural dentition on masticatory
      performance and food choice in healthy aging men.
AB  - Shifts in food selection patterns result from impairments in masticatory ability,
      and the extent to which any dietary alterations occur appears to be influenced by
      the degree of impairment. Moreover, these shifts can be modified by a variety of
      physiologic, social, economic, and psychologic factors. The preference for
      softer, easier-to-chew foods in persons with complete dentures requires that the
      foods selected meet daily nutritional requirements. In view of the large
      proportion of individuals in the United States with complete dentures, an
      understanding of how these multiple factors affect the nutritional status of
      edentulous elderly persons may lead to more rational dietary approaches to the
      maintenance of health.

PMID- 6573490
TI  - Compatibility of irreversible hydrocolloid impression materials with dental
      stones.

PMID- 6573491
TI  - Remount casts for occlusal correction.

PMID- 6573492
TI  - Using removable partial dentures to stabilize teeth with secondary occlusal
      traumatism.

PMID- 6573493
TI  - Epidemiologic studies of mandibular dysfunction: a critical review.

PMID- 6573494
TI  - Determining smoothness of polished microfilled composite resins.

PMID- 6573495
TI  - Seating depths of each half of a two-part pin system.

PMID- 6573496
TI  - Tear strength of ten elastomeric impression materials.

PMID- 6573497
TI  - Complications of head and neck radiation therapy and their management.
AB  - Patients who receive radiation therapy to the head and neck suffer potential
      complications and undesirable side-effects of this therapy. The extent of
      undesirable responses is dependent on the source of irradiation, the fields of
      irradiation, and the dose. The radiotherapist determines these factors by the
      extent, location, and radiosensitivity of the tumor. The potential undesirable
      side-effects are xerostomia, mucositis, fibrosis, trismus, dermatitis,
      photosensitivity, radiation caries, soft tissue necrosis, and osteoradionecrosis.
      Each of these clinical entities and their proposed management have been
      discussed.

PMID- 6573498
TI  - Flexible temporary obturators for patients with severely limited jaw opening.

PMID- 6573499
TI  - The use of an interim protective prosthesis during cancer chemotherapy.
AB  - The use of an interim protective prosthesis during cancer chemotherapy allows
      immediate patient comfort and function by protecting ulcerated mucosa and
      providing a platform against which to masticate. Chemotherapeutically induced
      lesions can be exacerbated by trauma from the remaining natural dentition during
      mastication and parafunctional habits. The interim prosthesis protects ulcerated
      tissue from further injury, and healing is promoted. The greater the integrity of
      the oral tissues, the more resistant they become to microbial invasion,
      subsequent microbial colonization, and infection during periods of
      granulocytopenia. By the use of a conservative technique, the patients's quality
      of life is improved during cancer treatment, and definitive prosthodontic
      treatment is deferred until therapy can be better tolerated by the patient.

PMID- 6573500
TI  - Prosthetic use of plastinated facial structures: a feasibility study.

PMID- 6573501
TI  - The role of stress, occlusion, and condyle position in TMJ dysfunction-pain.
AB  - Lateral transcranial TMJ radiographs are duplicable within +/- 0.2 mm and are
      cross-sectional views of the lateral third of the condyle and fossa. The innate
      asymmetry of humans, when the right and left sides of the fossa and condyle are
      compared, was clinically insignificant. Tomograms are not indicated because they
      lack appropriate resolution and detail to evaluate qualitative bone changes; and
      because they are not an in-office procedure, the condylar position in the fossa
      is completely unreliable. A correlation was reported between condylar position in
      the fossa and TMJ dysfunction in over 320 patients. This observation suggests
      that a new definition of centric relation is indicated, a definition that
      differentiates whether it is functional or dysfunctional. The criterion is the
      correlation between the occlusal findings and the condylar position in the fossa
      as recorded by the lateral TMJ radiographs (when the teeth are in maximum
      occlusion). Stress response was found to be greater in males than in females (in
      all vertebrates, including humans); therefore stress cannot be a direct cause of
      craniomandibular pain since more women have the disorder. It was concluded that
      stress is an indirect contributing factor that usually works through the medium
      of clenching. The role of the neuromuscular mechanism in craniomandibular pain
      was discussed. Proprioception reflex activity forms the basis for muscle length,
      mandibular positional sense, as well as masticatory function. Occlusal
      disharmonies increase noxious input to the neuromuscular system, as well as
      stress-induced clenching, causing increased muscle activity and spasm-pain.
      Condylar displacement also contributes to TMJ dysfunction-pain, depending on its
      direction. Anterior condylar displacement can initially affect the muscles by
      inducing overfunctional response in the proprioceptive system. Posterior condylar
      displacement usually results in an intrajoint response consisting of a disk
      derangement, reciprocal clicking, possible anterior disk dislocation, possible
      pathologic swallowing pattern, and noxious stimulation to the proprioceptive
      system. These factors contribute to subsequent trismus, muscle spasm and pain,
      and long-term pathologic remodeling of the joint. A detailed history is necessary
      to evaluate the role of stress. The physical occlusal findings are correlated
      with the condylar displacement observed in the TMJ radiographs to diagnose and
      plan corrective treatment.

PMID- 6573502
TI  - Relieving intraoral pressures generated during orthopedic treatment.

PMID- 6573503
TI  - Posterior condylar displacement: prosthetic therapy.
AB  - Condylar repositioning with a prosthesis programmed intraorally effectively uses
      patient feedback in determining the therapeutic position. A series of therapeutic
      positions may be required to allow rehabilitation of dentoalveolar,
      neuromuscular, and internal TMJ tissues for a final treatment position to be
      determined. Twelve dentulous patients with unilateral or bilateral posterior
      condylar displacement have been successfully treated with this approach. Time to
      establish the final treatment position varied from 3 to 18 months.

PMID- 6573504
TI  - The effects of the angle of the articular eminence on anterior disk displacement.

PMID- 6573505
TI  - The effect of mandibular position on appendage muscle strength.

PMID- 6573506
TI  - A comparative study of changes in vertical dimension of occlusion using different
      investing mediums.
AB  - A controlled investigation was conducted in which 50 sets of dentures were
      processed with different investing mediums. The most accurate results in
      maintaining the vertical dimension of occlusion of dentures during processing
      were obtained with artificial stone and a layer of silicone rubber.

PMID- 6573508
TI  - Removal of excess cement from cast restorations.

PMID- 6573507
TI  - Anatomic and statistical study to determine the inclination of the condylar long
      axis.

PMID- 6573509
TI  - Esthetic considerations in the use of face-bows.

PMID- 6573510
TI  - [Cranial osteosarcoma in Paget's disease].
AB  - A patient with Paget's disease developed an osteogenic sarcoma of the cranium.
      This emphasizes the need to conduct full neuroradiological investigations,
      including a CT scan and even selective arteriography as well as standard
      radiographs, whenever the possible existence of such a lesion is suspected, to
      determine therapeutic strategy.

PMID- 6573511
TI  - Pre-partum changes in the plasma concentrations of progesterone, relaxin,
      prostaglandin F-2 alpha and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin F-2 alpha in
      meclofenamic acid-treated sows.
AB  - The pre-partum plasma concentrations of progesterone, relaxin, PGF-2 alpha and
      13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF-2 alpha (PGFM) were determined in 6 sows treated with
      meclofenamic acid (5.0 mg/kg body wt daily, from Day 109 to Day 113 of
      pregnancy), and 2 sows which farrowed prematurely. The inhibition of PG synthesis
      with meclofenamic acid did not prevent either the decline in plasma progesterone
      or the release of relaxin. Three distinct stages in the progressive changes of
      the above hormones were apparent before parturition: (1) the gradual decline in
      the concentrations of progesterone from about 7 days pre partum to reach less
      than 4.5 ng/ml at farrowing; (2) a surge in relaxin levels (greater than 100
      ng/ml) by 2 days pre partum; and (3) sharp increases in the concentrations of PGF
      2 alpha and PGFM within 24 h of parturition. Maximal concentrations of PGF-2
      alpha (greater than 0.5 ng/ml) and PGFM (greater than 20.0 ng/ml) occurred during
      farrowing. It is suggested that PG from an extra-ovarian source may not be
      responsible for initiating functional regression of the corpora lutea in the sow.

PMID- 6573512
TI  - Effects on fertilization of rabbits of insemination with ejaculates treated with
      PG-dehydrogenase and antisera to PGE-2 and PGF-2 alpha.
AB  - PGE-2 and PGF-2 alpha in rabbit semen were selectively inactivated by incubation
      with antisera, or most of the seminal prostaglandins were transformed into
      biologically inactive 15-keto-prostaglandins by prostaglandin-15
      hydroxydehydrogenase(PG-15-HDH). These treated ejaculates were vaginally
      inseminated. Compared to the controls (738 eggs of which 94% were fertilized) a
      dose-dependent reduction of the fertilization rate was observed with the anti-PGF
      2 alpha-treated ejaculates. A non-uniformly, but statistically significantly
      reduced fertility was found in the other 2 treatment groups. After incubation
      with higher doses of PG-15-HDH, some fertilization was accomplished with
      ejaculates showing an extremely weak forward progression or immotile spermatozoa.
      An improvement in sperm motility, however, was observed in ejaculates treated
      with antiserum to PGF-2 alpha. Seminal prostaglandins may not exclusively affect
      sperm motility. The observed influences on the fertilization rate after treatment
      of spermatozoa with antisera to PGE-2 and PGF-2 alpha or PG-15-HDH suggest that
      these are local effects in the female genital tract.

PMID- 6573513
TI  - Leukemia and arthritis: including reports on light, immunofluorescent, and
      electron microscopy of the synovium.
AB  - Leukemia is a well described cause of arthritis. Articular manifestations may be
      present for months before the diagnosis of leukemia becomes evident. Leukemic
      arthritis may mimic other diseases. The etiology of leukemic arthritis can be
      diverse, but is often attributed to leukemic involvement of synovium. We describe
      a case where evaluation, including immunofluorescent and electron microscopy of
      open synovial biopsy specimens, revealed no obvious cause of the arthritis.

PMID- 6573514
TI  - Association between histocompatability antigens (HLA) and nasal carriage of
      Staphylococcus aureus.
AB  - We investigated the association between phenotypes of histocompatability antigen
      (HLA) and nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in two populations--healthy
      laboratory workers and patients attending an outpatients' clinic. When data from
      the two sources were pooled, it was evident that the presence of HLA-DR3 was
      associated with carriage, and the presence of HLA-DR2, HLA-DR1 and HLA-Bw35 with
      lack of carriage. However, since each person may have two antigenic specificities
      encoded at the HLA-A, the HLA-B, and the HLA-DR loci, the carriage of the
      organism was analysed for paired combinations of the more frequent phenotypes.
      For example, the lack of carriage evident with HLA-DR1 was more marked with the
      DR1-A11 and DR1-B7 combinations while the predisposition towards carriage shown
      with HLA-DR3 was more marked with the DR3-DR5 combination. The importance of the
      analysis of antigen combinations is discussed in relation to association of
      single antigens with carriage of S. aureus.

PMID- 6573515
TI  - Questions and answers regarding hepatitis B vaccination of dental personnel.

PMID- 6573516
TI  - Identical genetic profiles in primary and metastatic bladder tumors.
AB  - Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder has been shown repeatedly to possess
      abnormal genetic profiles. During long periods recurrent tumors in the bladder
      consistently show the same type of genetic profile with each recurrence. We
      report on a patient with metastatic bladder cancer who had similar genetic
      profiles of the primary lesion and thoracocentesis fluid from the metastatic
      site. The significance of these findings is discussed.

PMID- 6573517
TI  - Control of cotton dust exposure.

PMID- 6573518
TI  - [Clinical experience with cefmetazole in the field of oral surgery].
AB  - Tissue concentrations of cefmetazole (CMZ) in rabbits were 17--49% of the blood
      levels at the corresponding time. Transfer pattern of CMZ was very similar to the
      pattern of the blood level, suggesting to be supposable the tissue concentration
      of CMZ. The clinical trial was studied concentrating on the observation of side
      effects and laboratory findings, especially the change of transaminase after
      anesthesia with GOF (gas-oxygen-fluothane). Four cases, who had anethesia with
      GOF, revealed the elevation of transaminase.

PMID- 6573519
TI  - [Cefmetazole excretion into the bile after hepatic portojejunostomy in congenital
      bile duct atresia].
AB  - Antibiotics excretion into the bile was studied using CMZ which was administered
      by drip infusion in 12 postoperative cases of congenital bile duct atresia
      patients who had hepatic portojejunostomy with SURUGA II type enterostomy with
      the following results. Group I (correctable type children, with good bile flow,
      no jaundice): Excellent excretion was almost the same as that seen in adult
      patients. Group IIa (uncorrectable type children, with good bile flow, no
      jaundice): Excretion was poor but good depending on the amount of bile flow and
      liver function. Group IIb (uncorrectable type children, with poor bile flow,
      jaundice): Excretion was very poor. Group III (uncorrectable type infants, with
      good flow, no jaundice): Excretion was good depending on the amount of bile flow
      and liver function. Our study indicates that antibiotics excretion into the bile
      in children is closely related to the condition of the hepatic function and
      biliary passage.

PMID- 6573520
TI  - [Meningeal infiltration with tumor formation in the brain after long term
      remission of AML (report of two cases)].

PMID- 6573522
TI  - [Computed tomography and gallium scintigraphy in mediastinal diseases].

PMID- 6573521
TI  - [Two cases of acute myelogenous leukemia with eosinophilia which progressed into
      complete remission with the treatment mainly consisting of vindesine and
      prednisolone].

PMID- 6573523
TI  - [Management of respirators used by ALS patients].

PMID- 6573524
TI  - [Nursing of the ALS patient using a respirator].

PMID- 6573525
TI  - A retrospective cohort analysis of second breast cancer risk for primary breast
      cancer patients with an assessment of the effect of radiation therapy.
AB  - Second breast cancer experience was examined for 27,175 primary breast cancer
      patients diagnosed in the State of Connecticut during 1935-75 with follow-up for
      second breast cancers through 1980. The overall ratio of observed to expected
      second breast cancers was 3.2. Relative risk was found to be inversely related to
      age at diagnosis and directly related to stage of the first breast cancer. The
      overall risk of second breast cancers was 711 per 100,000 person-years at risk.
      Risk of second breast cancers showed a similar relationship to age and stage as
      relative risk and was also directly related to calendar period of diagnosis of
      the first breast cancer. Some interactions were observed because patients less
      than 45 years old at diagnosis with positive nodes had elevated risks and
      relative risks in the early followup period, whereas less of an effect of stage
      on relative risk and risk was seen for older patients. The effect of the use of
      adjunctive radiation therapy on second breast cancer risk was also assessed by
      the ratio of the risk of second breast cancers for those patients who received
      both surgery and radiation to the risk of those patients who only received
      surgery being estimated for patients diagnosed during 1935-59 and for patients
      diagnosed during 1960-75. For both cohorts relative risks of 1.2-1.4 were found
      for the 5-year period immediately following diagnosis, likely resulting from the
      uncontrolled effect of stage in the analysis. Elevated long-term relative risks
      were not found for patients diagnosed during 1935-59. A long-term marginally
      statistically significant relative risk of 1.4 (greater than or equal to 10 yr
      after diagnosis) was found for patients diagnosed during 1960-75. The data do not
      indicate an overall pattern of relative risks consistent with an effect on long
      term second breast cancer risk of radiation exposure to the opposite breast
      incurred during adjunctive radiation therapy for a first breast cancer.

PMID- 6573526
TI  - Actin changes in normal human and rat leukocytes and in transformed human
      leukocytic cells.
AB  - The DNase I inhibition assay was used for the determination of the relative
      amounts of monomeric and total actin in normal human peripheral blood
      lymphocytes, normal Sprague-Dawley rat peritoneal leukocytes, and 6 transformed
      human cell lines of lymphoid and myeloid origins. In the normal lymphocytes and
      leukocytes, greater than 50% of the total actin was monomeric. In contrast, only
      1 of the 6 transformed lines had greater than 50% of its actin in the monomeric
      form. In the other 5 lines, the percentage of actin in the monomeric form ranged
      from 23 to 39%. The normal lymphocytes, peritoneal leukocytes, and 2 of the
      transformed cell lines (CEM and K562) were examined in greater detail. The total
      actin (as a percentage of the total protein) was found to be much lower in the
      transformed cell lines than it was in the normal lymphocytes. The total amount of
      actin in the normal rat leukocytes was very similar to the amount in the normal
      human lymphocytes. In addition to these differences between the normal and
      transformed human cells, treatment of the normal lymphocytes with mitogenic doses
      of concanavalin A was found to significantly reduce the amount of monomeric actin
      in the cells. Similar treatment of the transformed cells produced no significant
      reduction in the monomeric actin.

PMID- 6573527
TI  - Cutaneous melanoma in relation to exogenous hormones and reproductive factors.
AB  - Eighty-seven women of ages 37-74, who resided in King County, Wash., and who had
      been diagnosed between July 1976 and November 1979 as having cutaneous malignant
      melanoma, were interviewed regarding prior use of estrogen-containing
      preparations and reproductive history. The responses were compared with those of
      a random sample of 863 women from the same county. Among the 61 women with
      superficial spreading melanoma (SSM), use of oral contraceptives for 5 years or
      more was more common than among controls. The estimated relative risks for users
      of 5-9 and 10 years or more were 2.4 and 3.6, respectively. No differences
      between cases and controls were noted for oral contraceptive use of 4 years or
      less. Giving birth to a first child after age 30 was also associated with an
      increased relative risk of SSM. Although the positive findings regarding oral
      contraceptive use and age at birth of first child must be interpreted cautiously
      pending results of other studies, they suggest that hormonal factors can play a
      role in the etiology of SSM.

PMID- 6573528
TI  - Diet and smoking in the epidemiology of cancer of the cervix.
AB  - This study of 513 white cervical cancer patients and 490 white hospitalized
      controls considered, with adjustment for marital history and parity, the effects
      of smoking and dietary characteristics on the relative risk of developing
      cervical cancer. Although smoking was shown to be positively associated with
      risk, no dose-response relationship was evident. The frequency of consumption of
      cruciferous vegetables was positively associated with risk. Respondent reports of
      the frequency of prior ingestion of several food items were used in constructing
      crude indices of exposure to basic nutrients; the index of beta-carotene exposure
      was negatively associated with risk, whereas the index of fat consumption was
      positively associated with risk.

PMID- 6573529
TI  - Approaches to enhance proliferation of human epidermal keratinocytes in mass
      culture.
AB  - Because of interest in mechanisms of carcinogenesis in human epithelial cells,
      quantitative procedures were developed for the mass culture of human epidermal
      keratinocytes in the absence of feeder cells. Several approaches were used to
      enhance proliferation since target cells are considered most susceptible to
      transformation if they are treated with carcinogenic agents during DNA synthesis.
      Mass cultures of enzymatically dispersed human foreskin were initiated in
      collagen-coated flasks containing medium NCTC 168 with 10% Chelex 100-treated
      horse serum. Under these conditions, human keratinocytes required a higher
      calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]) than that reported for suspensions plated at
      low cell density. Neither the cohesiveness of the epidermal sheet nor continued
      proliferation was maintained by 0.15 mM Ca2+; 0.3 mM Ca2+ maintained these
      properties in primary culture only. A concentration of 1.0 mM Ca2+ provided the
      highest cell yield for prolonged growth as determined by the enumeration of cell
      nuclei isolated by citric acid. Reproducibility of successful initiation was
      achieved by inoculation of cells into a medium designed for clonal growth
      followed by culture in medium NCTC 168. Thus the balance of nutrients and
      electrolytes must be adjusted to satisfy the requirements of a dynamically
      expanding keratinocyte population.

PMID- 6573530
TI  - Risk factors for meningiomas in men in Los Angeles County.
AB  - A case-control study among men in Los Angeles County was conducted to investigate
      further the causes of intracranial meningiomas. Meningioma patients and a
      neighbor of each one were interviewed about past experiences that might be
      associated with tumor development. Analysis of information from the 105 matched
      pairs showed an association with meningioma occurrence for various factors
      relating to head trauma and head X-rays: 1) ever boxed as a sport [odds ratio
      (OR) = 2.0, P = 0.03], 2) had a serious head injury (OR = 1.9, P = 0.01), and 3)
      had X-ray treatment to the head before 20 years of age and/or had five or more
      full mouth dental X-ray series before 1945 (OR = 3.5, P = 0.02). Of the 105
      subjects, 72 (69%) had a history of exposure to at least one of these factors.

PMID- 6573531
TI  - Reduced capacity for DNA repair synthesis in patients with or genetically
      predisposed to colorectal cancer.
AB  - Peripheral resting mononuclear leukocytes were compared for their capacities to
      repair DNA lesions induced by a 1-hour exposure to a standardized 10-microM dose
      of N-acetoxy-N-2-fluorenylacetamide (N-AcO-2-FAA). Leukocytes from the following
      3 groups were studied: 39 control subjects, 40 patients after colonic resection
      because of colorectal cancer (disease-free at the time of this study), and 28
      individuals with a hereditary predisposition to colorectal cancer. Although the
      level of N-AcO-2-FAA that bound to mononuclear leukocyte DNA was the same for the
      various population groups, the level of N-AcO-2-FAA-induced unscheduled DNA
      synthesis (UDS) was significantly reduced in the mononuclear leukocytes of
      individuals who had had colorectal cancer or a genetic predisposition for the
      disease. These findings indicate that a deficiency in mononuclear leukocyte DNA
      repair synthesis is associated with the development of colorectal cancer in these
      populations. Our observation of this nonspecific UDS deficiency (relating to
      colorectal cancer) was not explained by experimental variations among the sampled
      groups with regard to individual differences in lymphocyte heterogeneity, age,
      sex, smoking habits, or blood pressure.

PMID- 6573532
TI  - Effect of hyperthermia on epithelial microneoplastic cell populations induced by
      irradiation of rat skin.
AB  - Two groups of male rats of the Charles River CD stock received a dose of 1,600
      rad beta-radiation (700 rad/min) on the skin of the dorsum. Two months later, the
      site of irradiation of one of the groups was treated with hyperthermia at 44
      degrees C for 2.5 minutes. A third control group received only the hyperthermic
      treatment. Over 90% of the animals in the 2 irradiated groups developed skin
      tumors (benign and malignant epithelial) at the irradiated site. There was no
      significant difference between these 2 groups in incidence of animals with
      tumors, incidence of tumors, distribution of tumor types, or rate of tumor
      appearance. The incidence of animals with tumors in the control group was less
      than 4% at any time.

PMID- 6573533
TI  - Systemic tolerance of osmotically induced oncolysis in rats.
AB  - Acute necrosis of R3230AC mammary tumor or thyroid carcinoma subcutaneously
      implanted in F344 rats was achieved by injection of a strongly hypertonic hexose
      and serotonin solution at 37 degrees C into and around the tumors. Changes in
      gross metabolism, hematology, and blood chemistry were then followed over a 9-day
      period, and they were most marked during or at the end of the first 24 hours.
      Food intake of the rats was sharply reduced, whereas drinking and diuresis were
      increased. Marked hemodilution and increased serum concentrations of aspartate
      aminotransferase, potassium, and uric acid were observed, as well as stable serum
      concentrations of sodium and chloride. Glucose overload, as opposed to fructose
      overload, led to secondary hypoglycemia. From day 2 food consumption returned to
      normal and increased thereafter. Water intake and urine output remained high.
      After an initial loss, body weight caught up with that of control rats.
      Hematocrit recovered partially, whereas blood chemistry progressively returned to
      about normal values.

PMID- 6573534
TI  - Platinum-amine compounds: importance of the labile and inert ligands for their
      pharmacological activities toward L1210 leukemia cells.
AB  - A series of Pt-amine compounds was assayed for their ability to inhibit the
      growth of cultured L1210 leukemia cells [median inhibitory dose (lD50)], their
      toxicity in mice [highest nonlethal dose in healthy mice (LD0)], their antitumor
      activity against leukemia L1210 cells grafted intraperitoneally into mice [mean
      survival of treated leukemic mice:mean survival of untreated leukemic mice
      (T/C)], and the ability to hydrolyze their labile ligands in vitro [hydrolysis
      half-time (t1/2)]. All Pt compounds exhibiting antitumor activity had a pair of
      labile ligands in the cis geometry with different charges, and the leaving groups
      had a wide range of hydrolysis rates. Among the compounds that showed antitumor
      activity, ID50 depended more on the inert ligands than on the labile ligands and
      was correlated with T/C. A relationship between LD0 and t1/2 was verified in the
      series of cis-Pt(II) compounds with the exception of the oxalate derivatives.
      Pt(II) and Pt(IV) compounds exhibited similar ID50, LD0, and T/C.

PMID- 6573535
TI  - In vivo selection of androgen-insensitive cells in R3327-G rat prostate tumors:
      diethylstilbestrol diphosphate treatment versus orchiectomy.
AB  - Tumors grown in diethylstilbestrol diphosphate (DES)-treated rats grew
      significantly more slowly than tumors grown in orchiectomized animals, and tumors
      grown in orchiectomized animals grew significantly more slowly than tumors grown
      in controls (intact male rats). When these tumors (phase I) were dispersed and
      reimplanted into DES-treated, orchiectomized, or control rats in all possible
      combinations (phase II), a partial selection of androgen-insensitive cells was
      observed in tumors grown in DES-treated animals. Tumors grown in DES-treated
      phase I animals responded significantly less to DES treatment or orchiectomy in
      phase II. In contrast, tumors from phase I orchiectomized animals showed the same
      responses to orchiectomy in phase II. Since the administration of exogenous
      testosterone propionate prevented the growth rate inhibitory effects of both DES
      treatment and orchiectomy, the added effect of DES seemed to be antiandrogenic.

PMID- 6573536
TI  - Simultaneous analysis of different tumor types in a long-term carcinogenicity
      study with scheduled sacrifices.
AB  - A statistical analysis of a long-term carcinogenicity study with noninbred CF-1
      mice exposed to DDT for different durations of time is presented. The experiment
      included a high proportion of animals with scheduled sacrifices and thus
      permitted the use of statistical models for tumor prevalence and lethality. Three
      types of tumors, lymphomas and lung and liver tumors, were considered. The
      analysis attempted to model the joint behavior of these tumors in relation to
      time and treatment group. An apparently negative association in the occurrence of
      lymphomas and liver tumors was confirmed through separate analyses by accounting
      effectively for intercurrent mortality.

PMID- 6573537
TI  - Major effect on susceptibility to urethan-induced pulmonary adenoma by a single
      gene in BALB/cBy mice.
AB  - Fewer lung adenomas were induced by urethan in BALB/cBy mice than in the A/J or
      SWR/J mouse strains. When BALB mice were crossed with either of these more
      sensitive strains the response of the progeny to urethan was most easily
      explained by a single gene which regulates susceptibility, with the more
      resistant phenotype behaving as a dominant trait. C56BL/6J mice were more
      resistant to adenoma induction than were BALB mice; progeny obtained when these
      two strains were crossed resembled the BALB susceptibility phenotype. As an
      approach to understanding the mechanism of action of this gene, agents that
      modulate adenoma initiation and tumor promotion were tested in BALB mice and
      other strains. The number of adenomas in BALB mice were increased severalfold by
      multiple urethan injections, which presumably affect initiation, and by the use
      of butylated o-hydroxytoulene as a promoting agent. Tumor incidence in A-mice was
      increased 50% by each treatment; neither procedure caused tumors to appear in the
      resistant DBA/2J, C3H/-21BG, or C57BL/6J strains. No relationship was observed
      between the strain dependency of the lethal effects of multiple injections of
      these agents and the relative susceptibilities of these strains to adenoma
      induction. The role of certain host factors in the regulation of tumor
      susceptibility was also tested. Homozygosity for the beige (bg) mutation had no
      effect on tumor numbers in C57 mice, suggesting that natural killer cells,
      deficient in bg/bg mice, played no major role in determining adenoma
      susceptibility in this strain. No correlation was found between the
      susceptibility of various sublines to urethan-induced lung adenoma and the
      reported relative tumoricidal capacities of the peritoneal macrophages from these
      sublines.

PMID- 6573538
TI  - Induction of hepatic tumors by diethylstilbestrol alone or in synergism with n
      nitrosobutylurea in castrated male WF rats.
AB  - Inbred male WF rats were castrated at 40 days of age and divided into 5 groups.
      Group I was given no further treatment. Groups III, IV, and V received pellet
      implants of 5.0 mg diethylstilbestrol (DES) concurrently with castration. At 50
      55 days of age, groups II, IV, and V were given drinking water containing 5.0 mg
      N-nitrosobutylurea (NBU) per day for 30 days (subthreshold dose). At the
      termination of NBU treatment, group V further received daily sc injections of 2
      bromoergocryptine (CB-154; 0.4 mg/100 g body wt) four times a week throughout the
      experiment. None of castrated rats or rats castrated and treated with NBU alone
      developed hepatic tumors (HT) and pituitary tumors (PT). Incidences of HT and PT
      in groups III, IV, and V were 4/9 (44%) and 7/9 (78%), 15/17 (88%) and 12/17
      (71%), and 17/20 (85%) and 4/20 (20%), respectively. The treatment of DES alone
      resulted in the concurrent development of HT and PT in castrated male rats (group
      III), and further NBU treatment significantly increased the incidence of HT
      (group IV). CB-154 treatment did not change the incidence of HT, the number of HT
      per rat, and the liver weight, although it significantly reduced the incidence of
      PT, the pituitary weight, and the serum prolactin level in castrated male rats
      given DES and NBU (group V). These results indicate that DES itself had a direct
      carcinogenic effect on the liver; this effect was not mediated by prolactin, and
      NBU increased the effect of DES in this process.

PMID- 6573539
TI  - Analysis of lectin receptors on rat embryo fibroblasts transformed by adenovirus
      2.
AB  - Transformation of rat embryo fibroblasts by human adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) results
      in the production of a series of cell lines that cover a spectrum of malignancy
      from nontumorigenic to highly tumorigenic in a single species. A panel of plant
      lectins was used to study surface characteristics of these cell lines that might
      correlate with tumorigenicity. Because of the complex nature of lectin-cell
      surface interactions, a number of parameters were determined; they included
      numbers and densities of lectin receptors, binding affinities, and receptor
      mobilities. The lectins from Lens culinaris, Lotus tetragonolobus, and Ricinus
      communis were found to be the most useful for differentiating among the various
      Ad2-transformed cell lines. In general, the more tumorigenic cell lines were
      characterized by high numbers of lectin receptors, high percentages of lectin
      binding cells, and heterogeneous distributions of receptors from cell to cell. In
      contrast, the nontumorigenic and the weakly tumorigenic cell lines were
      characterized by low numbers of lectin receptors present on a minority of cells
      within each population and a more homogeneous distribution of these receptors
      from cell to cell. These data demonstrate that lectins can identify surface
      properties that appear to correlate with malignant potential in the Ad2
      transformed cell lines.

PMID- 6573540
TI  - Retinoid-specific induction of differentiation and reduction of the DNA synthesis
      rate and tumor-forming ability of a stem cell line from a rat mammary tumor.
AB  - Differentiation of the stem cell line rat mammary (Rama) 25 to alveolar-like
      cells can be monitored by the increase in production of domes (hemispheric
      blisters) in the cell monolayer and immunoreactive casein in the tissue culture
      medium. This step was accelerated not only by the synthetic inducer dimethyl
      sulfoxide (DMSO) but also by all-trans-retinol, all-trans-retinal, all-trans
      retinoic acid (RA), and all-trans-retinyl acetate (concentration range, 0.04-4
      microM) in the presence of the hormones prolactin, hydrocortisone (HC), insulin,
      and 17 beta-estradiol; 9-cis-all-trans-retinal was without effect. A combination
      of RA and HC was active in producing doming, whereas RA, all four hormones, and
      serum were required for maximum production of immunoreactive casein. The
      retinoids in the same concentration range also caused a reduction in the DNA
      synthetic rate in a similar time period. When Rama 25 cells were treated with RA
      and the four hormones yielding the droplet and doming cultures, subsequent
      injection of these cells into young, female inbred nu/nu (nude) mice led to a
      reduced incidence of tumors compared with injections of untreated cells.
      Tumorigenic variant cell lines were selected previously from Rama 25 that were
      either elongated and failed to differentiate at all to doming and casein
      secreting cultures (Rama 521) or that did so spontaneously but whose rates were
      not accelerated by addition of DMSO (Rama 259). Both Rama 521 and Rama 259 failed
      to respond to the retinoids and hormones in producing domes and immunoreactive
      casein, in decreasing DNA synthetic rates, and in lowering the incidence of
      tumors induced by injection of the cell lines into nude mice. Thus the anticancer
      activity of the retinoids in rat mammary gland carcinogenesis may be due in part
      to their differentiation-inducing properties.

PMID- 6573541
TI  - Carcinogenesis in F344 rats by N-nitrosomethyl-n-propylamine derivatives.
AB  - The carcinogenicity of N-nitrosomethyl-n-propylamine and five of its derivatives,
      including N-nitrosomethyl-n-butylamine, was compared by oral administration of
      the compounds to inbred F344 rats. N-Nitromethyl-n-propylamine and N
      nitrosomethyl-n-butylamine given in drinking water induced tumors of the upper
      gastrointestinal tract, mainly carcinomas of the esophagus, and appeared to be of
      comparable potency. N-Nitrosomethyl(2-hydroxypropyl)amine also mainly induced
      esophageal carcinomas (100% incidence) and lung tumors, whereas N
      nitrosomethyl(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)amine mainly induced nasal cavity tumors and
      gave rise to a high incidence of esophageal tumors; however, it appeared to be
      less potent than the monohydroxy compound. N-Nitrosomethyl(2-oxopropyl)amine, the
      ketone corresponding to N-nitrosomethyl(2-hydroxypropyl)amine, was a more potent
      carcinogen than the latter at comparable doses in drinking water and gave rise to
      a high incidence of esophageal tumors and tumors of the trachea; female rats had
      a high incidence (15/20) of angiosarcomas of the liver, but only 2 male rats died
      with this tumor. When N-nitrosomethyl(2-oxopropyl)amine was administered at a
      lower dose in drinking water or at the same dose given by gavage, the incidence
      of esophageal tumors was lower and there were fewer carcinomas. After
      administration of large doses in drinking water to male and female rats, N
      nitrosomethyl(3-carboxypropyl)amine, a urinary metabolite of several N
      nitrosomethyl-n-alkylamines that induce tumors of the urinary bladder in rats,
      gave rise to a high incidence of transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder. The
      time to death of animals with these tumors was long, and there were few other
      tumors.

PMID- 6573542
TI  - Comparison of age- and sex-specific incidence rate patterns of the leukemia
      complex in the cat and the dog.
AB  - Data on cancer cases in cats and dogs were collected systematically by the Animal
      Neoplasm Registry of Alameda and Contra Costa Counties, Calif., a population
      based animal tumor registry. Etiologic relationships were evaluated on the basis
      of comparisons of age-specific, sex-specific, and age-neutered-specific incidence
      rate patterns of the leukemias. Age-adjusted annual incidence rates for all
      leukemias per 100,000 cats or dogs were 224.3 and 30.5, respectively. The cat had
      6.1 times more malignant lymphomas and 15.7 times more myeloproliferative disease
      than the dog. Feline age-specific rates indicated a bimodal age pattern for all
      leukemias and for malignant lymphoma alone and a single early peak for
      myeloproliferative disease. In the dog, all age-specific patterns increased with
      age and peaked later in life. Feline sex-specific, age-adjusted rates showed that
      the neutered female was at lowest risk, followed by the neutered male, entire
      female, and entire male. In the dog, the neutered male was at lowest risk while
      the other three sex categories were clustered. However, the magnitude of
      expression within each species separately was the same for the neutered male,
      entire male, and entire female, but not for the neutered female. Neutering
      decreased the risk of leukemias in the female cat by approximately one-half but
      did not affect the risk of leukemias in the female dog.

PMID- 6573543
TI  - Conference and workshop on cancer epidemiology in Latin America. Opportunities
      for collaborative research.

PMID- 6573544
TI  - [Muscle pain].

PMID- 6573545
TI  - Mechanism of concentrating defect in hypercalcemia. Role of polydipsia and
      prostaglandins.

PMID- 6573546
TI  - Influences of thrombin, factor XIII and fibronectin on the growth of tumor cells
      and leukemic cells in vitro.
AB  - Thrombin, factor XIII and fibronectin were incubated with cultures of mouse
      sarcoma cells, human cervix carcinoma cells (HeLa cells) and cells of an acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia. Thrombin induced a significant increase of 3H-thymidine
      uptake into cells with a 1,5- to 2-fold increase of cell count. The cells of an
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia showed a similar response to the influence of
      thrombin. Factor XIII merely induced an increase of 3H-thymidine uptake in tumor
      cells, the cell count remained constant. These results differ from experiments
      with cultures of normal fibroblasts. Decreased receptor density in tumor cells
      toward factor XIII and thrombin would play a role so that the mitogenic stimulus
      is impaired. The cells of an acute lymphoblastic leukemia showed under the
      influence of factor XIII a significant increase of cell count and thymidine
      uptake. HeLa cell growth was optimal at low fibronectin concentrations.
      Fibronectin concentrations of 1 mg/ml to 3 mg/ml inhibited HeLa- and mouse
      sarcoma cell growth.

PMID- 6573547
TI  - Comparison of bioassay methods for the estimation of wound-released prostaglandin
      like activity.
AB  - Methods of bioassay of prostaglandin-like activity (PGLA) released from wounds
      applied to isolated rat tail skin strips were compared. Administration of
      multiple bolus doses of PGE2 was used to simulate the response to wound-released
      PGLA. Estimates of the multiple dose administered were prepared by measuring the
      peak heights of single bolus and infused doses of PGE2 and also of peak response
      area measurements of single bolus doses in a three point assay procedure.
      Comparison of these three methods of measurement demonstrated that peak response
      height estimates underestimated the simulated wound response value. The mean
      difference between the bolus dose area estimate and the simulated wound response
      value was 1.4 +/- 1.2 ng PGE2, and there was a highly significant correlation
      between the bolus dose area estimates and the simulated wound response values
      over the range 2.0-12.15 ng PGE2. Data from additional studies using this assay
      method show that arachidonic acid increased and indomethacin decreased the
      release of PGLA from wounds and further that wound PGLA release from the skin of
      diabetic rats was also decreased.

PMID- 6573548
TI  - [A simple method for the treatment of persistent interstitial pulmonary emphysema
      in infants].

PMID- 6573549
TI  - Fatal myocarditis associated with peritonsillar abscess.
AB  - A case report of a patient with tonsillitis and peritonsillar abscess, who
      subsequently developed fatal myocarditis, is presented. The clinical course and
      pathological findings are outlined. The rare association of tonsillitis and
      pharyngitis with non-rheumatic, non-diphtheritic, non-fatal myocarditis was
      recognized and reported in the pre and early antibiotic era. The present reported
      case is only the second recent description of fatal myocarditis associated with
      tonsillitis, and the first ever reported in the English Otolaryngologic
      literature.

PMID- 6573550
TI  - Enhanced serotonin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in membranes from adult
      guinea pig hippocampus.
AB  - We have developed an assay for serotonin (5-HT) stimulation of adenylate cyclase
      activity in membranes from adult guinea pig hippocampus. The response to 5-HT is
      concentration-dependent, with an EC50 of 0.01 microM, a shallow slope, and mean
      maximal stimulation of 90% over basal activity. The response to 5-HT is GTP
      dependent and additive to the maximal stimulation by histamine. Micromolar
      concentrations of the known 5-HT receptor agonists, tryptamine and 5
      methoxytryptamine, also stimulate cAMP production in this system, and their
      effect is not additive to that elicited by a maximal concentration of 5-HT. These
      results are consistent with the hypothesis that the response to 5-HT is elicited
      through a distinct receptor coupled to adenylate cyclase; the magnitude and the
      reproducibility of the 5-HT response in this system should make it useful for
      receptor classification. To examine the effect of prior exposure to endogenous 5
      HT on the responsiveness of the system, we assayed 5-HT stimulation of enzyme
      activity in membranes prepared from animals 25-27 hrs after treatment with a
      single injection of reserpine (5 mg/kg, i.p.). The mean maximal stimulation of
      adenylate cyclase by 5-HT was increased to 150% over basal activity with no
      effect on the EC50 or slope of the 5-HT concentration-response curve. Reserpine
      pretreatment did not affect basal activity or histamine-stimulated adenylate
      cyclase activity. These results are discussed in the context of a hypothesis that
      endogenous 5-HT normally exerts a desensitizing effect on its receptors in situ.

PMID- 6573551
TI  - Complications of and improvements to breathing circuit monitors for anesthesia
      ventilators.
AB  - Despite significant improvements in the safety of anesthetic equipment in recent
      years, disconnection in the patient breathing circuit remains one of the most
      common types of preventable anesthetic mishaps. Many currently available
      breathing-circuit monitors cannot reliably detect several hazardous conditions in
      the breathing circuit. An improved breathing circuit monitor has been developed
      that reliably detects realistic simulations of many hazardous conditions. The
      software algorithm in this monitor stores the normal pressure waveform in the
      patient circuit, evaluates the ongoing waveform in terms of sets of absolute and
      relative criteria, and warns the operator when such criteria are not satisfied. A
      comprehensive technical and clinical evaluation is underway.

PMID- 6573552
TI  - [Oro-facial manifestations of leprosy in cases seen in Somalia].

PMID- 6573553
TI  - [Anesthesiological trials in experimental surgery on the rabbit].

PMID- 6573554
TI  - [A new method for analyzing occlusal relations].

PMID- 6573555
TI  - [Statistical analysis of 280 patients with dysfunction of the stomatognathic
      apparatus].

PMID- 6573556
TI  - [Temporary stabilization of periodontopathic tooth fragments with substitution of
      the missing elements].

PMID- 6573557
TI  - [Temporary prosthetic rehabilitation of single-tooth gaps].

PMID- 6573558
TI  - [Implant prosthesis and the civil dispute].

PMID- 6573559
TI  - [Chronic granulomatous periapical lesions. General comments].

PMID- 6573560
TI  - [Olfactometric examination for smell and taste in diabetic patients. Clinico
      statistical findings].

PMID- 6573561
TI  - [Sialolithiasis in childhood. Clinical contribution].

PMID- 6573562
TI  - [Surgery of oral cancer in the infrastructure. Anatomico-pathological, clinico
      therapeutic and prognostic aspects].

PMID- 6573564
TI  - [So-called central giant cell reparative granuloma of the jaws (giant cell
      dysplasia). Presentation of a surgical case load of 51 patients with a follow-up
      of 37 cases].

PMID- 6573563
TI  - [So-called central giant cell reparative granuloma of the jaw bone. Scanning
      electron microscopic examination of the hard root tissues of the teeth involved
      and relative clinico-biological comments].

PMID- 6573565
TI  - [Glass-ionomer cements in conservative dentistry. Clinical, practical and social
      aspects].

PMID- 6573566
TI  - [Lesions of the inferior alveolar nerve due to the introduction into the
      mandibular canal of substances used in endodontic therapy].

PMID- 6573567
TI  - [A complication of endodontic treatment: anesthesia of the inferior alveolar
      nerve].

PMID- 6573568
TI  - [A case of juxtacortical osteogenic sarcoma].

PMID- 6573569
TI  - Therapy of secondary acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6573570
TI  - Detection of leukemia-related karyotypes in granulocyte/macrophage colonies from
      a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia.
AB  - We performed cytogenetic analysis of 11 normal-appearing granulocyte/macrophage
      colonies derived from cultures of the marrow of a child with acute myelomonocytic
      leukemia in relapse. We found diploid karyotypes and two abnormal ones--both
      hyperdiploid and containing the translocation t(1q-;11q+). A clonal origin of the
      karyotypic differences was suggested by the absence of variation within
      individual colonies. The evidence suggests that in this patient, the cytogenetic
      abnormality originated at or before the stage of granulocyte/macrophage
      progenitor.

PMID- 6573572
TI  - A legacy of the Third Reich--Organophosphate insecticide poisoning.

PMID- 6573571
TI  - Cesarean section in modern-day obstetrics.

PMID- 6573573
TI  - Some empirical findings on the right to refuse treatment.

PMID- 6573574
TI  - A pecuniary type of sado-masochism with origins in Scotland.

PMID- 6573576
TI  - Sleep in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome: disorder of arousal.
AB  - Overnight polygraphic sleep studies, which included accelerometry and video
      monitoring, were performed on 14 Tourette patients before therapy and on 11 age
      matched controls. Tourette patients less than 23 years old had a significantly
      increased percentage of stage 3/4 sleep, had an increased number of awakenings,
      had a decreased percentage of REM sleep, experienced paroxysmal events during
      stage 4 sleep, and had motor tics during all stages of sleep. Three patients were
      treated with tetrabenazine and subsequently showed significant decreases in
      percentage of total sleep, number of awakenings, and number of tics during sleep.
      These findings suggest a disorder of arousal in Tourette patients.

PMID- 6573575
TI  - [Treatment of brain tumor with phenobarbital and continuous infusion of ACNU into
      internal carotid artery].

PMID- 6573577
TI  - [Glomerulonephritis in the course of filariasis and malaria. Case study].

PMID- 6573578
TI  - In vitro remineralisation of artificial caries-like lesions with milk.

PMID- 6573579
TI  - Causes of edentulousness.

PMID- 6573580
TI  - Dentistry in the twenty-first century.

PMID- 6573581
TI  - Mortality and social class in New Zealand. I: overall male mortality.
AB  - Social class differences in New Zealand male mortality are investigated using two
      different systems of social class classification. In each case it is found that
      the lower social classes have mortality rates significantly higher than those of
      the upper social classes with the mortality rate of the lowest class being
      approximately twice that of the highest class on a six-category scale. The
      relative risk is higher in the younger age-groups. When the British Registrar
      General's scale is used New Zealand exhibits a social class mortality gradient
      similar to that previously found in England and Wales, but the lowest social
      class experiences a particularly high mortality rate.

PMID- 6573582
TI  - The use of iatrogenic hypothyroidism to treat intractable angina.
AB  - An elderly man who had incapacitating angina, despite coronary artery surgery and
      maximal medical management was deliberately made hypothyroid with radio-iodine.
      Five years later he was virtually free of chest pain. There is still a limited
      number of patients in whom this is a useful form of therapy, despite the
      attendant morbidity of myxoedema.

PMID- 6573585
TI  - Sudden death in runners.
AB  - Coronary heart disease risk factors and circumstances of death were examined in
      258 people who were a representative sample of all persons, less than 70 years of
      age, dying suddenly and unexpectedly in Auckland during the twelve month period
      from 1 March 1981. From this sample we identified nine individuals who had been
      running regularly for more than three months prior to death. All those identified
      were men aged between 35 and 56 years, all had historical evidence of abnormal
      coronary heart disease risk factors and six were known to have had symptomatic
      cardiovascular disease. Seven of the nine died during or within 30 minutes of
      exercise and eight of the nine had postmortems showing severe coronary artery
      disease.

PMID- 6573583
TI  - Surgeon and anaesthetist.

PMID- 6573584
TI  - Digitalis.

PMID- 6573586
TI  - The future for doctors in New Zealand.

PMID- 6573587
TI  - How much wine is enough for New Zealand?

PMID- 6573588
TI  - Asthma in New Zealand.

PMID- 6573589
TI  - Air pollution in Christchurch.

PMID- 6573591
TI  - Is traditional Samoan massage a form of acupressure?

PMID- 6573590
TI  - Gastroenteritis in children.

PMID- 6573592
TI  - Postoperative pain.

PMID- 6573593
TI  - Ethnic differences in the incidence of cleft lip and/or cleft palate in Auckland,
      1960-1976.
AB  - The incidence of facial clefts among live births in the Auckland urban area has
      been studied for the years 1960-1976. After correction for ascertainment, the
      live-born incidence of non-syndromal cleft palate among Maoris was 1.867/1000,
      and among Europeans it was 0.643/1000. The incidences for non-syndromal cleft
      lip, with or without cleft palate, were 0.397/1000 for Maoris, and 1.195/1000 for
      Europeans. The sex ratio for cleft palate showed the usual female preponderance,
      although there was evidence of heterogeneity between the races. Cleft lip
      occurred more commonly among males. Birth rank, maternal age, and paternal age
      had no apparent effect on the incidences, and there were no significant secular
      or seasonal changes in incidence.

PMID- 6573595
TI  - A prospect for change.

PMID- 6573594
TI  - The prevention of coronary heart disease.

PMID- 6573596
TI  - Attitudes of mothers of five-year-old children to compulsory child health
      provisions.
AB  - The attitudes of a sample of 1123 mothers of five-year-old children participating
      in the Christchurch Child Development Study, to a series of issues relating to
      the compulsory protection of children were studied. The issues examined were: the
      introduction of car seat restraint legislation, compulsory fencing of domestic
      swimming pools, the desirability of linking child health care provisions to
      family benefit payments and the desirability of water fluoridation. Contrary to
      common assumptions, this sample showed strong support for the introduction of
      compulsory methods for protecting child health: approximately 90% of respondents
      favoured car restraint and pool fencing provisions, two-thirds were in favour of
      linking family benefit payments to routine child health care provisions but less
      than half were in favour of water fluoridation. The implications of these
      findings for the introduction of compulsory child health provisions are
      discussed.

PMID- 6573597
TI  - Toxicology--whither now?

PMID- 6573598
TI  - Coronary heart disease: prevention and control in 1983.

PMID- 6573599
TI  - Accident compensation corporation medical fees: a proposal.

PMID- 6573600
TI  - New Zealand Medical Association: a response for consideration by the NZMA
      Council.

PMID- 6573602
TI  - Rubella surveillance in a group practice.

PMID- 6573601
TI  - Self-reported use of alcohol.

PMID- 6573603
TI  - Closed and open partial meniscectomy for bucket handle tears: a comparative
      evaluation.
AB  - Two groups of patients with bucket-handle tears of the meniscus were treated by
      open operation (27) and by closed operation (29). Pre-operative arthroscopy was
      carried out on all. Those treated by closed operation had much shorter recovery
      time and returned to work earlier that those with open operation. Symptomatic
      relief was obtained by all.

PMID- 6573604
TI  - Drugs taken by a population based sample of subjects 65 years and over in New
      Zealand.
AB  - Drug taking by a population based sample of 559 subjects aged 65 years and over
      was investigated. The median number of drugs prescribed for those 65-79 years was
      1.5 drugs per subject and for those 80 years and over was 2.1 drugs per subject.
      In those 80 years and over, over 30% were taking diuretics, over 20% were taking
      digoxin and over 30% were taking psychotropic drugs. Analysis of those taking six
      or more drugs showed that the number of drugs prescribed could be reduced by
      avoiding duplication of drugs with similar action, avoiding unnecessary drugs and
      avoiding drugs of no proven value. The majority of subjects knew the purpose of
      their medications, were able to read the prescription instructions and complied
      with these instructions. Sharing and hoarding of tablets were uncommon.

PMID- 6573605
TI  - Pulmonary sequestration: a review of 12 cases.
AB  - A review of patients over a twenty-three year period with a diagnosis of
      pulmonary sequestration was undertaken. Of the twelve patients with this
      diagnosis, ten had intralobar sequestrations, and two had the extralobar variety.
      The most common presenting complaint, in six of the patients, was an unresolving
      localised chest infection. All had abnormal plain chest radiographs. There was a
      high incidence of an anomalous vascular supply, and aortography was useful in
      investigation. Operative management consisted of segmentectomy or lobectomy for
      the intralobar form and simple excision for the extralobar form with good
      results.

PMID- 6573606
TI  - Iliac compression syndrome: a myth, a rarity or a condition frequently missed?
AB  - A case of the iliac compression syndrome is reported and the literature on the
      subject reviewed. The anatomical abnormality which may cause symptoms in this
      condition is a frequent radiological and necropsy finding whose significance has
      been the subject of considerable debate. Evidence is presented that left iliac
      vein compression by the overlying right common iliac artery may cause symptoms of
      venous hypertension in the absence of venous thrombosis. As the condition may
      carry a risk of iliofemoral thrombosis with subsequent major morbidity and is
      surgically correctable it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of
      all patients presenting with oedema of the left leg.

PMID- 6573608
TI  - Lyme disease: a new entity.

PMID- 6573607
TI  - Post-basic education for nurses.

PMID- 6573609
TI  - The enemies of a renaissance in New Zealand medicine.

PMID- 6573611
TI  - Presidential address.

PMID- 6573610
TI  - Determining continuing medical education curricula for general practitioners--a
      survey of self-perceived needs.
AB  - Determining the curriculum content of continuing medical education programmes is
      an important, but problematic element of all programme planning in continuing
      professional education. Surveying the participants' (self-perceived) needs has
      the advantage over most other methods in guaranteeing accompanying high levels of
      learner motivation because of perceived relevance. A study of 474 general
      practitioners' perceived needs of five general topic areas of continuing medical
      education is reviewed, showing the degrees of interest in the eighty-seven topics
      and the ways in which such results can be utilised in future educational
      planning.

PMID- 6573612
TI  - Registrar post establishments.

PMID- 6573613
TI  - Hypoglycemia induced seizures following a marathon.

PMID- 6573614
TI  - Total patient care from the relative's side of the fence.

PMID- 6573615
TI  - Anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 6573616
TI  - Nurses give their opinions of the registered comprehensive nurse.

PMID- 6573618
TI  - The DSSNY's marketing efforts on behalf of the membership.

PMID- 6573619
TI  - Marketing: Rx for your practice.

PMID- 6573617
TI  - Contributions from health psychology: preparing patients for aversive medical
      procedures.

PMID- 6573620
TI  - The delicate art of marketing.

PMID- 6573622
TI  - Electrical stimulation and tooth movement.

PMID- 6573621
TI  - Using talk show interviews as effective practice builders.

PMID- 6573623
TI  - Videotapes as diagnostic aids for orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6573624
TI  - Working relationship agreement between the dentist, dental laboratory and dental
      laboratory technician.

PMID- 6573625
TI  - Insurance: a hedge against risk.

PMID- 6573627
TI  - Defense of dental malpractice suits: some practical suggestions.

PMID- 6573626
TI  - Malpractice: the burden of responsibility.

PMID- 6573628
TI  - Implementing the DSSNY Dentists Assistance Committee.

PMID- 6573630
TI  - The law and patients' records.

PMID- 6573629
TI  - The dentist and the hepatitis B vaccine.

PMID- 6573631
TI  - A conversation with L. Don Shumaker, ODA president.

PMID- 6573632
TI  - Oxygen therapy in the dental practice.

PMID- 6573633
TI  - The struggle to save a dental shrine.

PMID- 6573634
TI  - For every problem there is a solution.

PMID- 6573635
TI  - The direct reimbursement approach to dental coverage.

PMID- 6573636
TI  - The Economics of Practice Monitor benefits dental profession.

PMID- 6573637
TI  - What you should know about tax deductions.

PMID- 6573638
TI  - Current dental materials. Part I: Amalgam alloys.

PMID- 6573639
TI  - An alternative approach to mandibular block anaesthesia.

PMID- 6573640
TI  - Artificial gingival replacements.

PMID- 6573641
TI  - [Questions of principle in genetics].

PMID- 6573642
TI  - [Dyserythropoiesis in the fetal liver as an indicator of the intensity of stress
      caused by abortion].

PMID- 6573643
TI  - Medical staff credentialing of physicians and dentists.

PMID- 6573644
TI  - Nursing allies grow in strength.

PMID- 6573645
TI  - Diary of impaired nurse: R.N. shares battle with alcohol. Part 1.

PMID- 6573646
TI  - Fluoride content of Minnesota water.

PMID- 6573648
TI  - Lend a helping hand to a dental student.

PMID- 6573649
TI  - Marketing.

PMID- 6573647
TI  - Dental calculus - what causes its formation?

PMID- 6573650
TI  - Paediatrics: a shadow hanging over us.

PMID- 6573651
TI  - Referred shoulder pain. An elusive diagnosis.

PMID- 6573652
TI  - The chronic leukemias. Clinical picture, diagnosis, and management.
AB  - The chronic leukemias have an annual incidence in the United States of about
      12,000 cases. The most common types are chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and
      chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Less common are hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and
      prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL). All forms have an insidious onset and vague, non
      specific presenting symptoms, eg, fatigue, malaise, night sweats, weight loss.
      Chemotherapy is the initial treatment for CML and CLL; splenectomy, splenic
      irradiation, and leukapheresis may also be helpful. Splenectomy is the preferred
      treatment for HCL. Until recently all chronic leukemias have been ultimately
      fatal, but the new approach of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation now used in
      some cases of CML may prove to be curative if done before the disease has
      progressed too far.

PMID- 6573653
TI  - Diabetes insipidus as a complication of acute myelomonocytic leukaemia.
AB  - A female patient, aged 44, with diabetes insipidus as a complication of acute
      myelomonocytic leukaemia (AMML) is described. She presented with bleeding,
      anaemia, polyuria and polydypsia. She was treated with intranasal vasopressin for
      diabetes insipidus and responded well to treatment. Chemotherapy was administered
      for the leukaemia and a full remission was achieved. The patient relapsed a few
      days before final admission to hospital and died of septicaemia 7 months after
      initial diagnosis. A short review of the literature related to this subject is
      also presented.

PMID- 6573654
TI  - Regulation of sea urchin glycoprotein mRNAs during embryonic development.
AB  - Gastrulation in sea urchin embryos is accompanied by a striking increase in the
      synthesis of N-linked glycoproteins, and inhibitors of this process block
      gastrulation. In this report, the messages coding for N-glycosylatable proteins
      in the developing embryo of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, were
      examined. Total mRNA and mRNA isolated from membranes of the embryos at various
      stages of development were used to program a cell-free translation/glycosylation
      system prepared from rabbit reticulocyte lysate supplemented with dog pancreas
      microsomes. The glycosylated translation products were separated from the
      nonglycosylated products by concanavalin A-agarose and analyzed by gel
      electrophoresis. The results indicate that although the RNA derived from the
      membranes of gastrula-stage embryos contains messages coding for numerous
      glycoproteins, only trace amounts of glycoprotein messages are associated with
      membranes at earlier stages of development. mRNAs coding for four glycoproteins
      of M(r)s 70,000, 65,000, 51,000, and 30,000 were examined further in total RNA
      preparations from the developing embryo. The data indicate that the messages
      coding for the glycoproteins of M(r)s 65,000 and 51,000 are present also in the
      unfertilized egg and in the pregastrulation embryo. Because these two messages
      are not found associated with the membranes until gastrula stage, it is likely
      that the synthesis of these glycoproteins during gastrulation is regulated at the
      translational level. The messages coding for glycoproteins of M(r)s 70,000 and
      30,000, on the other hand, are not detectable in the unfertilized egg and may be
      synthesized de novo by the embryos. Thus, the expression of these two
      glycoproteins during gastrulation is regulated at least in part on the
      transcriptional level. On the basis of these findings, it appears that different
      modes of regulation are used for different glycoproteins that are synthesized
      during gastrulation.

PMID- 6573655
TI  - Characterization of L-CAM, a major cell adhesion molecule from embryonic liver
      cells.
AB  - We have developed a method for purifying L-CAM, the cell adhesion molecule from
      embryonic chicken liver cells, and have compared its properties with those of N
      CAM, the neural cell adhesion molecule. L-CAM was released from membranes with
      trypsin, purified by a series of chemical techniques, and used to generate
      monoclonal antibodies which allowed the identification of the intact L-CAM
      molecule from membranes. The monoclonal antibodies were used to isolate trypsin
      released L-CAM in a single step by affinity chromatography. Material purified by
      either technique was predominantly a component of M(r) 81,000 on
      NaDodSO(4)/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with a pI of 4.0-4.5. Rabbit
      antibodies to this component and to the M(r) 81,000 species that had been further
      purified on NaDodSO(4)/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis displayed all of the
      activities of anti-L-CAM. Some of the trypsin-released L-CAM bound specifically
      to lentil lectin, suggesting that L-CAM is a glycoprotein. The apparent molecular
      weight of material having L-CAM antigenic determinants depended upon the
      procedures used to extract membranes; this appears to account for the various
      values reported previously in the literature. Both the rabbit serum antibodies
      and the monoclonal antibodies detected the M(r) 81,000 species on immunoblots of
      unfractionated trypsin-released material. Immunoblots of whole liver cell
      membranes with the same antibodies revealed a major M(r) 124,000 component, with
      minor components of M(r) 94,000 and 81,000. Active L-CAM derivatives released by
      trypsin in the presence of EGTA were detected as a species of M(r) 40,000. L-CAM
      derivatives obtained by extraction of membranes with EDTA alone appeared as
      species of M(r) 53,000, 62,000, and 81,000. The combined results suggest that L
      CAM on the cell surface is an acidic glycoprotein of M(r) 124,000. In the
      presence of calcium, the molecule can be released from membranes by trypsin as a
      soluble M(r) 81,000 fragment; in the absence of calcium, it is released by either
      endogenous proteases or by trypsin as a variety of smaller fragments.

PMID- 6573656
TI  - Silkmoth chorion multigene families constitute a superfamily: comparison of C and
      B family sequences.
AB  - We have characterized a new family of silkmoth chorion genes, called C, which is
      distinct from previously characterized A and B families. The amino acid
      compositions of 18 purified C proteins have been determined. Three subgroups are
      recognized on the basis of compositional similarities and may correspond to
      distinct gene families or subfamilies. The sequences of two overlapping cDNA
      clones have been determined in their entirety and shown to correspond to a C
      specific sequence. Obvious homology is observed between the middle portions of
      the C sequence and previously characterized B sequences. By contrast, the arms of
      the C sequence share no significant similarities either with each other or with
      the corresponding arms of B sequences. Thus, the same tripartite structure
      originally observed in A and B family sequences is also present in the C family
      and may have functional significance. Secondary structure prediction of the C
      sequence is presented and supports this conclusion. The observed homology between
      C and B family sequences clearly establishes that silkmoth chorion multigene
      families constitute a superfamily.

PMID- 6573657
TI  - Selective constraint in protein polymorphism: study of the effectively neutral
      mutation model by using an improved pseudosampling method.
AB  - To investigate the pattern of allelic distribution in enzyme polymorphism, with
      special reference to the relationship between the mean (H) and the variance
      (V(H)) of heterozygosity, we used the model of effectively neutral mutations
      involving multiple alleles in which selective disadvantage of mutant alleles
      follows a Gamma distribution. A simulation method was developed that enables us
      to study efficiently the process of random drift in a multiallelic genetic system
      and that saves a great deal of computer time. It is an improved version of the
      pseudosampling-variable (PSV) method [Kimura, M. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
      USA 77, 522-526] previously used to simulate random drift in a diallelic system.
      This method will be useful for simulating many models of population genetics that
      involve behavior of multiple alleles in a finite population. By using this
      method, it was shown that, as compared with the model of strictly neutral
      mutations, the present model gives the reduction of both H and V(H) and an excess
      of rare variant alleles. The results were discussed in the light of recent
      observations on protein polymorphism with special reference to the functional
      constraint of proteins involved.

PMID- 6573659
TI  - Secondary structures of proteins and peptides in amphiphilic environments. (A
      review).
AB  - Many peptides and proteins that act at lipid--water interfaces assume a unique
      amphiphilic secondary structure which is induced by the anisotropy of the
      interface. By using synthetic peptides in which these inducible amphiphilic
      structures have been optimized, one can show that the amphiphilic alpha helix is
      a functional determinant of representative apolipoproteins, peptide toxins, and
      peptide hormones. By increasing the amphiphilicity of the structurally important
      regions of the molecule, one can enhance the biological activity of the peptide
      even beyond that of the naturally occurring polypeptide. It is proposed that
      rigid amphiphilic secondary structures such as alpha helix, beta sheet, or pi
      helix will be found in most medium-sized peptides acting at membranes and lipid-
      water interfaces.

PMID- 6573658
TI  - Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of Torpedo californica acetylcholine
      receptor gamma subunit.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence has been determined of a cDNA clone that codes for the
      60,000-dalton gamma subunit of Torpedo californica acetylcholine receptor. The
      length of the cDNA clone is 2,010 base pairs. The 5' and 3' untranslated regions
      have respective lengths of 31 and 461 base pairs. Data suggest that the putative
      polyadenylylation consensus sequence A-A-T-A-A-A may not be required for
      polyadenylylation of the mRNA corresponding to the cDNA clone described in this
      study. From the DNA sequence data, the amino acid sequence of the gamma subunit
      was deduced. The subunit is composed of 489 amino acids giving a molecular mass
      of 56,600 daltons. The deduced amino acid sequence data also indicate the
      presence of a 17-amino acid extension or signal peptide on this subunit. From
      these data, structural predictions for the gamma subunit are made such as
      potential membrane-spanning regions, possible asparagine-linked glycosylation
      sites, and the assignment of regions of the protein to the extracellular,
      internal, and cytoplasmic domains of the lipid bilayer.

PMID- 6573660
TI  - Characterization of the chicken vimentin gene: single copy gene producing
      multiple mRNAs.
AB  - Genomic clones and cDNA plasmids were isolated for the intermediate filament
      protein vimentin from chicken. The identity of the various clones was determined
      both by mRNA selection [Paterson, B. M. & Roberts, B. E. (1981) in Gene
      Amplification and Analysis, Structural Analysis or Nucleic Acids, eds.
      Chirikjian, J. G. & Papas, T. S. (Elsevier, North Holland), Vol. 2, pp. 418-435]
      and nucleotide sequence analysis. Restriction analysis, hybridization data, and
      heteroduplex studies confirmed that all of the genomic isolates contained
      overlapping fragments of an identical vimentin gene. No evidence for the
      existence of a second vimentin gene could be found by a Southern analysis either
      by using coding fragments from the purified vimentin gene or by using cDNA
      plasmids as probe. Likewise, copy-number experiments verified that the vimentin
      gene was present only once in the haploid chicken genome. However, in a RNA blot
      analysis, at least two equally abundant vimentin mRNA species of approximately
      2,200 and 2,500 nucleotides in length were detected in all RNAs tested. Sequence
      analysis revealed that the vimentin gene contained two sets of tandem
      polyadenylylation sites, 249 and 532 nucleotides downstream from the stop codon
      for protein synthesis. It is proposed that the larger mRNA species arise because
      of complete transcription of the 3'-end of the vimentin gene (560 nucleotides of
      3' nontranslated sequence), whereas the smaller mRNA species terminate after the
      first set of polyadenylylation sites.

PMID- 6573661
TI  - Crystallization of cytochrome bc1 complex.
AB  - Complex III (cytochrome bc1 particle; ubiquinol:ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase,
      EC 1.10.2.2) was purified from beef heart mitochondria by a combination of
      hydrophobic interaction and affinity chromatography. By washing the complex with
      detergent on the hydrophobic interaction column, phospholipids were effectively
      depleted; 7 mol of cardiolipin per mol of cytochrome c1 was retained in the final
      sample. NaDodSO4 gel electrophoresis showed nine polypeptide subunits in the
      sample. The molecular weight of the complex was estimated to be approximately
      equal to 225,000 from the specific heme c1 content and the subunit composition.
      The purified complex was crystallized by slow removal of the detergent in which
      the complex was dispersed. Electron micrographs and electron diffraction patterns
      showed that the crystal is hexagonal with unit cell dimensions a = b = 113 A, c =
      132 A, and with angles alpha = beta = 90 degrees, gamma = 120 degrees. The role
      of bound cardiolipin in the structural integrity of the complex was discussed.

PMID- 6573662
TI  - Ordered phosphorylation of 40S ribosomal protein S6 after serum stimulation of
      quiescent 3T3 cells.
AB  - The amino acids and tryptic peptides that become phosphorylated in 40S ribosomal
      protein S6 after serum stimulation of quiescent 3T3 cells were examined by two
      dimensional thin-layer electrophoresis. In the maximally phosphorylated form of
      the protein, most of the phosphate was incorporated into serine and a small
      amount, into threonine. Digestion of this form of the protein with trypsin
      revealed 10 major phosphopeptides. All 10 contained phosphoserine and 2 of the 10
      also contained phosphothreonine. Next, the five forms of increasingly
      phosphorylated S6 were individually separated on two-dimensional polyacrylamide
      gels or total S6 was isolated from cells that were stimulated for only a short
      time and their phosphotryptic maps were analyzed. The results showed that, as
      larger amounts of phosphate were added to S6, the phosphopeptides appeared in a
      specific order.

PMID- 6573663
TI  - In vitro complementation as an assay for purification of adenovirus DNA
      replication proteins.
AB  - As an approach to the purification of adenovirus-encoded DNA replication
      proteins, we have developed in vitro complementation assays that make use of
      viral mutants defective in DNA replication in vivo. Nuclear extracts prepared
      from cells infected with H5ts36 or H5ts125, two such mutants belonging to
      different complementation groups, were found to be defective in viral DNA
      replication in vitro. However, replication activity could be restored by mixing
      the two extracts. Replication activity in either extract also could be restored
      by addition of appropriate replication-deficient fractions purified from cells
      infected with wild-type adenovirus. By using such assays, H5ts36- and H5ts125
      complementing activities were extensively purified. As expected, purified H5ts125
      complementing activity consisted of a single major polypeptide, the 72-kilodalton
      (kDal) adenovirus DNA binding protein. The purified H5ts36-complementing activity
      consisted of the 80-kDal adenovirus terminal protein precursor and two other
      major polypeptides with apparent molecular masses of 140 and 65 kDal. Formation
      of the 80-kDal terminal protein-dCMP complexes, the proposed initial step in
      adenovirus DNA replication, required components in the purified H5ts36
      complementing fraction and a cellular factor(s) but did not require the
      adenovirus DNA binding protein. The complete in vitro adenovirus DNA replication
      reaction was reconstituted from the purified H5ts36-complementing activity, the
      adenovirus DNA binding protein, and an extract from uninfected cells.

PMID- 6573664
TI  - Polyadenylylated nuclear RNA contains branches.
AB  - A highly charged component can be isolated from a total RNase T2 digest of
      nuclear polyadenylylated RNA from HeLa cells that is separable from caps by
      (dihydroxyboryl)aminoethyl-cellulose chromatography. Chemical and enzymatic
      analyses show that the component contains a 2'-5' phosphodiester bond that
      creates a branch at the 2'-hydroxyl group of one nucleotide already linked to an
      adjoining nucleotide through the usual 3'-5' phosphodiester bond. [Formula: see
      text] This structure was confirmed by analysis of a similar component isolated
      from nuclease P1 digests of the same nuclear polyadenylylated RNA. Branches occur
      in roughly 10% of nuclear polyadenylylated RNAs, including those >10S in size,
      but are absent from cytoplasmic polyadenylylated RNA. Possible implications for
      branches as intermediates in mRNA processing are discussed.

PMID- 6573665
TI  - In vitro discrimination of replicases acting on carcinogen-modified
      polynucleotide templates.
AB  - Three different poly(dC)s with modifications that block the N-3 of deoxycytidine
      were used as templates for polymer synthesis by Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I
      (EC 2.7.7.7). In contrast to previously reported results with transcriptases, the
      hydrated form of 3,N(4)-ethenodeoxycytidine (epsilondC.H(2)O) did not mispair.
      Both 3,N(4)-ethenodeoxycytidine (epsilondC) and 3-methyldeoxycytidine (m(3)dC)
      led to dTMP misincorporation: 1/20 epsilondC and 1/80 m(3)dC. No other
      misincorporations appeared to be significant in amount. Thus, both qualitatively
      and quantitatively, replication errors resulting from carcinogen-modified bases
      are less frequent than errors in transcription of the same deoxypolynucleotides.
      Replication of comparable ribopolynucleotide templates by cucumber RNA-dependent
      RNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.48) was strongly inhibited by epsilonrC.H(2)O and
      epsilonrC, so that the fidelity of this enzyme could not be assessed. However,
      both poly(dC) and poly(rC) containing dU or rU led to incorporation of rA. The
      presence of even small amounts of purines in poly(rC) greatly depressed
      synthesis, but the complementary base was incorporated. The finding that an RNA
      replicase can utilize a deoxypolynucleotide template is a further indication
      that, at least in vitro, the specificity of the relationship of enzymes and their
      natural templates is not absolute.

PMID- 6573666
TI  - Regulation of three key enzymes in cholesterol metabolism by
      phosphorylation/dephosphorylation.
AB  - Our laboratories have investigated the role of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation
      in the regulation of three key enzymes in cholesterol metabolism. 3-Hydroxy-3
      methylglutarylcoenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (EC 1.1.1.34), the major regulatory
      enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, is inhibited by phosphorylation. Acyl
      CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACATase; EC 2.3.1.26) and cholesterol 7 alpha
      hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.7), key regulatory enzymes in the utilization of
      cholesterol, are activated by phosphorylation. In view of these results, we
      propose that short-term regulation of the concentration of intracellular
      unesterified cholesterol is achieved by a coordinate
      phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of these three enzymes. For example, if
      cholesterol enters the liver cell, HMG-CoA reductase would be inhibited by
      phosphorylation and biosynthesis of cholesterol would be reduced; however,
      reactions utilizing cholesterol would be activated, due to the phosphorylation of
      ACATase and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase. Thus, the
      phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of these three enzymes provides an elegant
      short-term mechanism for the homeostasis of intracellular unesterified
      cholesterol.

PMID- 6573667
TI  - Isolation and expression of an altered mouse dihydrofolate reductase cDNA.
AB  - We have constructed a cDNA library from a murine cell line expressing high levels
      of a dihydrofolate reductase (tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase; 5,6,7,8
      tetrahydrofolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.5.1.3) that displays an abnormally
      low affinity for methotrexate. From this library we have isolated a cDNA clone
      similar to, but distinguishable from, a cDNA clone previously demonstrated to
      encode the wild-type enzyme. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence of this cDNA
      clone allows us to predict that the altered dihydrofolate reductase differs from
      the wild-type enzyme at a single amino acid, reflecting the substitution of an
      arginine for a leucine residue in a region of the polypeptide thought to form a
      hydrophobic pocket essential for inhibitor binding. To confirm that this
      substitution was responsible for the altered properties of the enzyme, we
      genetically localized the region of the cDNA that specified resistance to
      methotrexate by in vitro recombination. These results reveal that a single
      nucleotide change in the codon specifying amino acid 22 of the enzyme was
      sufficient to alter the methotrexate sensitivity of the enzyme. We demonstrate
      that this altered gene can be employed as a dominant selectable marker in
      cultured cells expressing normal levels of wild-type dihydrofolate reductase.

PMID- 6573668
TI  - Tyrosyl protein kinases in normal rat liver: identification and partial
      characterization.
AB  - Rat livers were fractionated and subcellular components were assayed for tyrosyl
      protein kinase activity. About 60% of the kinase activity in the cytoplasm
      sedimented with the microsomal fraction, whereas 40% remained in the supernatant.
      Purification of cytosolic and microsomal kinases by ion-exchange and gel
      filtration chromatography resolved a major species whose molecular mass was 75
      kilodaltons (referred to as TPK 75) and a minor one whose molecular mass was
      greater than 160 kilodaltons. Partially purified TPK 75 phosphorylated a protein
      of the same molecular mass on tyrosine residues. The activity associated with TPK
      75 was not stimulated by growth factors and was sensitive to thiol re-agents.

PMID- 6573669
TI  - Mapping of single-stranded regions in duplex DNA at the sequence level: single
      strand-specific cytosine methylation in RNA polymerase-promoter complexes.
AB  - A method based on the differential rate of cytosine methylation in single- and
      double-stranded nucleic acids by dimethyl sulfate [Peattie, D.A. & Gilbert, W.
      (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77, 4679-4682] has been developed for probing
      unpaired cytosines in DNA and DNA-protein complexes at the sequence level.
      Application of the method to the complexes between Escherichia coli RNA
      polymerase (EC 2.7.7.6) and three related promoters, lac UV5, trp, and a hybrid
      promoter tac resulting from the fusion of the two, reveals distinct differences
      in the way RNA polymerase unpairs DNA in these promoters. No single-stranded
      region is detectable in the complex with the trp promoter. For the lac UV5
      promoter, the cytosines at positions -6, -4, -2, and -1 are in an unpaired
      region. The same cytosines in the tac promoter, which is homologous in sequence
      to lac UV5 in this region, are also found to be single stranded. For the pair of
      promoters lac UV5 and tac, the cytosine methylation reaction has also been used
      to demonstrate the steep temperature dependence of opening of base pairs by RNA
      polymerase. One striking feature is that the midpoint of this transition for the
      tac promoter is 3 degrees C lower than the corresponding value for lac UV5, even
      though the sequence of the unpaired region in the two promoters is identical.

PMID- 6573670
TI  - Immunoaffinity fractionation of the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated domains of chromatin.
AB  - Antibody to poly(ADP-ribose) has been covalently coupled to Sepharose and
      utilized to isolate selectively oligonucleosomes undergoing the poly(ADP
      ribosyl)ation reaction from the bulk of chromatin. Approximately 12% of the
      unfractionated oligonucleosomes were bound to the immunoaffinity column and these
      represented essentially 100% of the original poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated nucleosomal
      species in the unfractionated chromatin. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated chromatin was not
      bound by preimmune IgG columns. KSCN eluted the modified nucleosomes in the form
      of nucleoprotein complexes. The eluted chromatin components were shown to contain
      poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated histones as well as automodified poly(ADP-ribose)
      polymerase. By using [3H]lysine- and [3H]arginine-labeled chromatin, it was shown
      that the poly-(ADP-ribosyl)ated histones, attached to stretches of
      oligonucleosomes bound to the column, had a 6-fold enrichment of the modification
      compared to histones of the unfractionated chromatin. This indicated that non
      poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated nucleosomes, connected and proximal to the modified
      regions, were copurified by this procedure. This allowed characterization of the
      oligonucleosomal DNA around poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated chromatin domains to be
      compared with the unbound bulk chromatin. The data indicated that
      immunofractionated poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated oligonucleosomal DNA contained
      significant amounts of internal single-strand breaks compared with bulk
      chromatin. The bound nucleo-protein complexes were found to be enzymatically
      active for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase after elution from the antibody column. In
      contrast, the unbound nucleosomes, representing 90% of the unfractionated
      chromatin, were totally inactive in the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reaction.

PMID- 6573671
TI  - Effect of phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2
      on the function of reversing factor in the initiation of protein synthesis.
AB  - The reticulocyte reversing factor (RF) isolated as a complex with eukaryotic
      initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) acts catalytically in restoring protein synthesis in
      reticulocyte lysates inhibited by heme deficiency. In reconstituted in vitro
      assay mixtures containing Mg2+ (0.25-0.5 mM), RF catalyzes the formation of the
      binary complex (eIF-2-GDP) but this effect is inhibited when eIF-2 is
      phosphorylated by the heme-regulated kinase for the alpha-subunit of eIF-2 (HRI).
      More significantly, RF catalyzes the rapid dissociation of (eIF-2-GDP), which
      permits the exchange of GTP for GDP and, in the presence of Met-tRNAf, promotes
      the formation of the ternary complex (eIF-2-Met-tRNAf X GTP). However,
      phosphorylation of the binary complex by HRI prevents its dissociation by RF and,
      as a consequence, ternary complex formation is inhibited. Our results indicate
      that phosphorylated binary complex [eIF-2(alpha P).GDP] interacts with RF to form
      a [RF . eIF-2(alpha P)] that is not readily dissociable. This binding of RF
      renders it unavailable to catalyze the dissociation of unphosphorylated binary
      complex, thereby blocking the recycling of eIF-2. Since RF is present in lysates
      at a limited concentration relative to that of eIF-2, the sequestering of RF in
      this manner could account for the observation that the phosphorylation of a small
      proportion of eIF-2 in heme-deficient lysates is sufficient to inhibit protein
      synthesis.

PMID- 6573672
TI  - Pyrimidine metabolism in Tritrichomonas foetus.
AB  - The anaerobic parasitic protozoa Tritrichomonas foetus is found incapable of de
      novo pyrimidine biosynthesis by its failure to incorporate bicarbonate,
      aspartate, or orotate into pyrimidine nucleotides or nucleic acids. Uracil
      phosphoribosyltransferase in the cytoplasm provides the major pyrimidine salvage
      for the parasite. Exogenous uridine and cytidine are mostly converted to uracil
      by uridine phosphorylase and cytidine deaminase in T. foetus prior to
      incorporation. T. foetus cannot incorporate labels from exogenous uracil or
      uridine into DNA; it has no detectable dihydrofolate reductase or thymidylate
      synthetase and is resistant to methotrexate, pyrimethamine, trimethoprim, and 5
      bromovinyldeoxyuridine at millimolar concentrations. It has an enzyme thymidine
      phosphotransferase in cellular fraction pelleting at 100,000 X g that can convert
      exogenous thymidine to TMP via a phosphate donor such as p-nitrophenyl phosphate
      or nucleoside 5'-monophosphate. Thymidine salvage in T. foetus is thus totally
      dissociated from other pyrimidine salvage.

PMID- 6573673
TI  - Renal sulfate transport at the basolateral membrane is mediated by anion
      exchange.
AB  - The transport of sulfate was studied in basolateral membrane (BLM) vesicles
      isolated from rat kidney cortex by centrifugation on a Percoll self-generating
      gradient. In contrast to sulfate transport at the luminal membrane, sulfate
      uptake by BLM vesicles was not sodium dependent. However, imposition of an inside
      greater than outside bicarbonate gradient stimulated BLM sulfate uptake nearly 10
      fold and produced a transient overshoot of about 4-fold. This process appeared to
      become saturated at high concentrations of either bicarbonate or sulfate. Sulfate
      itself, thiosulfate, and hydroxyl, but not chloride or thiocyanate, were able to
      substitute for bicarbonate. None of these anions was as effective as bicarbonate.
      The sulfate/bicarbonate exchange was unaltered by manipulation of membrane
      potential, suggesting that it was electroneutral. Both bicarbonate stimulation
      and overshoot could be prevented by known inhibitors of anion transport,
      including mercuric chloride, 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic
      acid, and phloretin. Bicarbonate-stimulated sulfate uptake also was inhibited by
      thiosulfate, probenecid, and acetazolamide. Thus, rat kidney BLM vesicles showed
      carrier-mediated anion exchange. Its properties indicate that this carrier may
      participate in both reabsorptive and secretory sulfate transport.

PMID- 6573674
TI  - Sphingolipid metabolism in cultured fibroblasts: microscopic and biochemical
      studies employing a fluorescent ceramide analogue.
AB  - A fluorescent analogue of ceramide, N-[7-(4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole)]
      epsilon-aminocaproyl sphingosine (C6-NBD-ceramide), was used to investigate
      sphingolipid metabolism in Chinese hamster fibroblasts. C6-NBD-ceramide was
      incorporated into small unilamellar dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine vesicles and
      incubated with cells in monolayer culture at 2 degrees C, resulting in rapid and
      preferential transfer of the labeled ceramide from vesicles to cells. The cells
      were then washed and subsequently incubated at 37 degrees C for various
      intervals. The metabolism of C6-NBD-ceramide was monitored by lipid extraction
      and analysis, and the intracellular distribution of the labeled molecule was
      followed by fluorescence microscopy. Initially, fluorescence was detected almost
      exclusively in mitochondria, with over 90% of the extractable lipid fluorescence
      due to C6-NBD-ceramide. After 30 min at 37 degrees C, intense fluorescence
      appeared in the Golgi apparatus. This organelle was identified by colocalization
      of NBD fluorescence with a Golgi-apparatus-specific stain. At later times the
      plasma membrane became visibly labeled as well, at which point 90% of the cell
      associated fluorescence was recovered as NBD-labeled sphingomyelin and NBD
      labeled cerebroside. These metabolites were identified by enzymatic and
      biochemical analysis and by thin-layer chromatography of the fluorescent lipid
      extracts. The finding that C6-NBD-ceramide is used by these cells in standard
      pathways of sphingolipid biosynthesis suggests that this fluorescent precursor
      will be a valuable tool for correlating the metabolism of sphingolipids with
      their intracellular distribution and translocation. In addition, during its
      metabolism by Chinese hamster fibroblasts, this compound acts as a vital stain
      for the Golgi apparatus.

PMID- 6573675
TI  - Synthesis of spectrin in avian erythroid cells: association of nascent
      polypeptide chains with the cytoskeleton.
AB  - The site of synthesis of spectrin was investigated in erythroid cells from 10-day
      chicken embryos. After various periods of [35S]methionine incorporation the cells
      were lysed in a Triton X-100 (TX-100)-containing buffer and were separated into a
      TX-100-soluble and -insoluble (cytoskeletal) fraction. Analysis of these two
      fractions by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis after a short pulse-labeling
      period reveals that alpha-spectrin nascent polypeptides are present predominantly
      in the TX-100-insoluble fraction. These polypeptides can be immunoprecipitated
      with alpha-spectrin antisera and the [35S]methionine incorporated into them
      during a short pulse can be chased into mature alpha-spectrin molecules. The
      alpha-spectrin nascent polypeptide chains are released quantitatively from the TX
      100 cytoskeleton by treatment of lysed cells with puromycin, suggesting that they
      themselves are not associated with the cytoskeleton. A small fraction of the
      newly synthesized mature alpha-spectrin molecules is rapidly incorporated into
      the cytoskeleton, as shown by the fact that they are not released by the
      puromycin treatment; the rest are recovered in the soluble fraction. These
      results suggest that alpha-spectrin is synthesized in association with the
      cytoskeleton during chicken erythropoiesis and assembles onto the membrane
      cytoskeleton posttranslationally.

PMID- 6573676
TI  - Localization of a family of MRNAS in a single cell type and its precursors in sea
      urchin embryos.
AB  - Spec 1 mRNAs increase 100-fold in abundance per embryo during early sea urchin
      development. Previous studies indicated an enrichment of this mRNA in ectoderm
      fractions of gastrulae and plutei. We have determined the precise localization of
      this mRNA by in situ hybridization techniques. In pluteus larvae, the mRNA is
      highly restricted to a set of morphologically uniform ectoderm cells in the
      dorsal part of the embryo. The mRNA is not detectable in other regions of
      ectoderm or in endoderm and mesoderm. The pattern of localization is already
      established at the gastrula stage, before these cells are distinguishable by
      morphological criteria. This pattern of distribution of Spec 1 mRNA is distinct
      from that of bulk poly(A)+ mRNA. Measurements of the amount of Spec 1 mRNA per
      embryo and the number of cells containing this RNA indicate that there are about
      500 Spec 1 mRNA molecules per cell at the pluteus stage and probably twice as
      many at the gastrula stage. These results indicate that the sensitivity of the in
      situ hybridization method allows detection of sequences that comprise
      approximately equal to 0.05% of the embryo mRNA nucleotides.

PMID- 6573677
TI  - Unusual evolutionary conservation and frequent DNA segment exchange in class I
      genes of the major histocompatibility complex.
AB  - From comparisons of homologous DNA sequences for many different genes, it was
      shown that the silent positions of protein-encoding regions and introns evolve at
      high and remarkably similar rates for different genes. In addition, both silent
      positions and introns behave like clocks; they accumulated base substitutions at
      approximately constant rates with respect to geological time. The rates of
      evolution were estimated to be 5.5 X 10(-9), 3.7 X 10(-9), and 5.3 X 10(-9) per
      site per year for silent positions, short introns (less than approximately equal
      to 300 base pairs), and long introns (more than approximately equal to 500 base
      pairs), respectively. Contrary to expectation from the evolutionary clocks, DNA
      sequence comparison between pHLA 12.4 (a cloned HLA sequence) of man and Ld
      together with other H-2 genes of mouse, the class I genes of the major
      histocompatibility complex, revealed a surprisingly small amount of base
      substitution for both the introns and the silent positions; the degree of
      divergence is only about 60% of that of standard genes in the same species
      comparison. Furthermore, several segmental homologies have been observed between
      the class I genes of mouse, suggesting the frequent occurrence of gene conversion
      or double unequal crossing-over in evolution. Interrelations between the extreme
      polymorphism of the class I genes, the low evolutionary drift of the introns and
      the silent positions, and the frequent gene conversion or unequal crossing-over
      within the mouse genes are discussed.

PMID- 6573678
TI  - Cerebral metabolic studies in vivo by 31P NMR.
AB  - 31P NMR studies on the brains of living rabbits were carried out at 32 MHz in a
      spectrometer having a 200-mm clear bore. Paralyzed pump-ventilated animals under
      nitrous oxide analgesia were inserted into the 1.89-T field and signals were
      focused in the brain by using a 4-cm surface coil. Several conventional
      physiological variables were monitored together with 31P spectra during induction
      and reversal of insulin shock and hypoxic hypoxia sufficient to abolish the
      electroencephalogram and during status epilepticus. A reversible decrease in
      phosphocreatine stores accompanied by an increase in Pi was detected during
      hypoglycemia and hypoxia. Similar changes were observed in prolonged status
      epilepticus but were not reversed. ATP levels fell about 50% in hypoglycemia but
      only slightly in the other two metabolic stresses. Intracellular pH rose in
      hypoglycemia; in status epilepticus and hypoxia it fell, but only when
      cardiovascular function was severely impaired. From the measured NMR parameters
      and the assumptions (i) that creatine kinase was at equilibrium and (ii) that the
      creatine/phosphocreatine pool was constant, it was possible to calculate the
      relative changes in cytoplasmic ADP levels associated with these metabolic
      disturbances.

PMID- 6573679
TI  - Spatial localization of bleaching adaptation in isolated vertebrate rod
      photoreceptors.
AB  - Bleaching of a large fraction of the rhodopsin in isolated rod outer segments
      results in an irreversible desensitization of the rod. This desensitization is
      referred to as bleaching adaptation. The logarithm of the sensitivity of the rod
      during bleaching adaptation has been found by a number of workers to be linearly
      related to the concentration of unbleached rhodopsin. We have measured the
      desensitization due to bleaching adaptation produced by a spatially confined
      stimulus and found that its effects are highly local. The space constant for the
      spread of desensitization was less than 4 microns. The small apparent spread of
      desensitization beyond the bleached regions probably can be accounted for by
      defocusing and light scatter. Thus, the involvement of a freely diffusible
      transmitter in bleaching adaptation does not appear to be required.

PMID- 6573680
TI  - Nonlinear interactions in a dendritic tree: localization, timing, and role in
      information processing.
AB  - In a passive dendritic tree, inhibitory synaptic inputs activating ionic
      conductances with an equilibrium potential near the resting potential can
      effectively veto excitatory inputs. Analog interactions of this type can be very
      powerful if the inputs are appropriately timed and occur at certain locations. We
      examine with computer simulations the precise conditions required for strong and
      specific interactions in the case of a delta-like ganglion cell of the cat
      retina. We find some critical conditions to be that (i) the peak inhibitory
      conductance changes must be sufficiently large (i.e., approximately equal to 50
      nS or more), (ii) inhibition must be on the direct path from the location of
      excitation to the soma, and (iii) the time course of excitation and inhibition
      must substantially overlap. Analog AND-NOT operations realized by satisfying
      these conditions may underlie direction selectivity in ganglion cells.

PMID- 6573682
TI  - Raised plasma thromboxane B2 levels in alcoholic liver disease.
AB  - In experimental animals endotoxin administration causes increased levels of
      thromboxane B2 and prostaglandins. Liver cirrhosis is often complicated by
      endotoxemia. In sixteen patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, we measured
      plasma thromboxane B2 levels. In twelve patients we found on one or more
      occasions raised plasma thromboxane B2 levels. Raised plasma thromboxane B2
      levels were associated with significantly higher serum levels of urea, alkaline
      phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and lower antiplasmin and antithrombin
      III levels. It is possible that some of the complications in patients with
      alcoholic liver cirrhosis are mediated by thromboxanes.

PMID- 6573683
TI  - Thromboxane B2 in borderline and essential hypertensive patients.
AB  - Thromboxane B2 (TxB2) was measured in the venous and arterial plasma and in the
      urine of 15 borderline and 15 sustained essential hypertensive patients, and in
      the plasma and urine of 12 control normotensive age-matched subjects. Plasma and
      urine thromboxane B2 were significantly higher in both the borderline and
      sustained hypertensives than in the control normotensives. There was a
      significant positive correlation between urinary (i.e. renal)TxB2 excretion and
      the glomerular filtration rate, and between urinary TxB2 excretion and sodium
      excretion in the hypertensive but not in the normotensive subjects. Thromboxane
      A2 participates in pressure natriuresis.

PMID- 6573681
TI  - Extraneuronal saxitoxin binding sites in rabbit myelinated nerve.
AB  - The changes in binding of 3H-labeled saxitoxin (STX) to rabbit sciatic nerve
      during axonal regeneration (after nerve crush) and during axonal degeneration
      (after nerve section) were measured and compared with the corresponding changes
      in the sciatic nerves of other mammals (rat, guinea pig, and cat). In the rabbit
      and rat, regeneration after nerve crush is associated with a 2- to 4-fold
      increase in STX binding capacity, consistent with the known corresponding
      increase in the number of nodes of Ranvier in regenerating nerve. Furthermore,
      consistent with the disappearance of nodes that occurs with Wallerian
      degeneration, nerve section leads to a disappearance of all, or most, of the STX
      binding in rat and guinea pig nerve, similar to that previously found for cat
      nerve. However, in the rabbit, nerve section leads to a large maintained increase
      in STX binding. Intraneural injection of diphtheria toxin, which is known to
      damage Schwann cells and which causes an increase in STX binding in intact
      nerves, abolishes the binding in cut nerves. It is suggested that the increased
      binding in cut nerves is to nonneuronal sites situated on the surface membrane of
      the Schwann cells, which have greatly proliferated in number as axonal
      degeneration has progressed. The reason for the difference between rabbits and
      other species and the possibility that the binding sites of rabbit Schwann cells
      represent functional sodium channels remain to be investigated.

PMID- 6573684
TI  - Prostaglandin F2 alpha and PGE2 in uterine lymph during the oestrous cycle in
      sheep.
AB  - The concentration of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) in uterine lymph
      remained low (less than 1 ng/ml) during the first two-thirds of the oestrous
      cycle in the non-pregnant sheep. However increased amounts of PGF2 alpha were
      present from day 12 onwards. The concentration of prostaglandin E2 in uterine
      lymph remained low (less than 0.43 ng/ml) throughout the cycle.

PMID- 6573685
TI  - Differential stimulation of prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesizing capacities
      in guinea-pig uterus and ovary.

PMID- 6573686
TI  - The effects of dipyridamole on TXA2 formation by horse platelet microsomes.
AB  - The effects of dipyridamole on thromboxane A2 formation by horse platelet
      microsomes were studied in comparison with those of imidazole, a prototype
      inhibitor of TXA2 synthetase and nifedipine, a calcium antagonistic vasodilator.
      Thromboxane A2 was synthesized by incubating PGH2 with horse platelet microsomes
      and was assayed on the superfused rabbit aorta. Dipyridamole induced as strong an
      inhibition of TXA2 synthesis as imidazole, while nifedipine was without effects.
      The possible beneficial clinical outcomes of this effect of dipyridamole are
      discussed.

PMID- 6573687
TI  - Protective effect of a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, OKY-1581, on increased
      lung vascular permeability in pulmonary microembolization in dogs.
AB  - To evaluate the potential beneficial effect of a thromboxane synthetase
      inhibitor, OKY-1581, on increased pulmonary vascular permeability in pulmonary
      microembolization, we have measured the filtration coefficient in the
      nonembolized lung after unilateral microembolization in dogs. The unilateral
      microembolization caused marked elevations in pulmonary artery pressure and blood
      flow to the nonembolized lung, while pulmonary venous pressure in nonembolized
      lung did not change. The pulmonary vascular resistance in nonembolized lung did
      not increase significantly. The filtration coefficient (Kf) in nonembolized lung
      increased to 0.14 +/- 0.02 from the baseline value of 0.07 +/- 0.01
      ml/min/mmHg/100g at 30 min after microembolization when the initial hemodynamic
      changes reduced toward the baseline value. In OKY-1581 treated dogs, similar
      hemodynamic changes did not result in the increase in the filtration coefficient
      in nonembolized lung. Platelet aggregation was also inhibited after
      microembolization in OKY-1581 treated dogs. Based on these results, we could
      conclude that OKY-1581 could prevent the increase in pulmonary vascular
      permeability following pulmonary microembolization by inhibiting platelet
      aggregation and possibly by preventing the release of thromboxane A2.

PMID- 6573689
TI  - Thromboxane B2 (TxB2) metabolism in rat isolated lung and its inhibition by
      drugs.
AB  - In rat isolated lung perfused via the pulmonary circulation, 3H-TxB2 was
      metabolized to another radioactive species. About 60% of effluent 3H was
      metabolite and the same proportion of metabolite was found in lung at 5 min after
      the injection of 3H-TxB2. Metabolism of TxB2 was prevented by bromcresol green,
      dipyridamole and frusemide apparently by decreasing uptake of TxB2 by the lung.
      Our results support the possibility of TxB2 competing with PGE2 for metabolism in
      lung, although TxB2 is not a substrate for PGDH in vitro.

PMID- 6573688
TI  - Effects of anesthesia and surgery on prostanoid concentrations in plasma and
      pulmonary lymph.
AB  - Comparisons were made of plasma and pulmonary lymph concentrations of 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha and thromboxane B2 between chronic and acute models of the sheep lung lymph
      fistula preparation. Pentobarbital anesthetized sheep subjected to acute
      thoracotomy and artificially ventilated demonstrated significantly elevated
      pulmonary lymph concentrations of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TxB2 for two hours
      following surgery while venous or arterial plasma prostanoid concentrations
      increased to a much lesser degree over the same time period. No changes in plasma
      or lymph prostanoid concentrations were observed in the unanesthetized, chronic
      lung lymph preparation during a similar baseline observation period. The rates of
      decrease of pulmonary lymph prostanoid concentrations in the acute model
      following surgical preparation suggest the requirement of a three hour
      stabilization period after completion of all surgical procedures before pulmonary
      arachidonic acid metabolism reaches steady-state conditions.

PMID- 6573690
TI  - Effects of leukotriene C4 and prostaglandin E2 on the rat mesentery in vitro and
      in vivo.
AB  - Leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) have been studied for their
      effects on the rat mesentery in vitro and in vivo. Their effects on the
      norepinephrine (NE) induced vasoconstrictions in the above vascular bed have also
      been investigated. LTC4 (10(-10)M) and PGE2 (2.8 X 10(-7)M) produced no direct
      effects on the perfusion pressure in the isolated perfused rat mesentery.
      However, LTC4 (10(-10)M) produced constriction of the arterioles in vivo. PGE2
      (2.8 X 10(-7)M) did not produce any direct effect on the microcirculation.
      Indomethacin, when superfused for 10 min. in a concentration of 7 X 10(-5)M,
      produced significant arteriolar constriction; this effect was reversed when PGE2
      was added to the superfusing media containing indomethacin. LTC4, perfused in a
      concentration of 10(-10)M, produced a time - dependent inhibitory effect on NE
      induced vasoconstrictions in vitro whereas PGE2 perfusions (2.8 X 10(-7)M)
      potentiated the NE responses. This potentiating effect of PGE2 was inhibited by
      indomethacin. In contrast, the topical application of PGE2 in vivo attenuated NE
      responses of the mesenteric arterioles.

PMID- 6573691
TI  - The antiarrhythmic effect of PGE2 on premature ventricular beats (PVBs) in man.
AB  - In 10 patients with premature ventricular beats (PVBs) we investigated the
      influence of PGE2 infusion on ventricular arrhythmias, arterial blood pressure,
      heart rate and systolic time intervals. An infusion of PGE2 in doses of 0.01,
      0.02 and 0.04 microgram/kg/min, each for 10 min, did not change the blood
      pressure, heart rate and systolic time intervals. The incidence of PVBs decreased
      in a dose-dependent manner in 7 out of 10 patients, and in two of them PVBs were
      absolutely abolished. In one patient the incidence of PVBs was reduced dose
      independently, and in two patients at the beginning of infusion of PGE2 the
      incidence of PVBs was reduced, but the incidence of PVBs increased again although
      the infusion dose was doubled. In all patients the incidence of PVBs increased
      again when the infusion of PGE2 was stopped. Our findings demonstrate that PGE2
      has antiarrhythmic properties in man.

PMID- 6573692
TI  - Plasmatic TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels during charcoal hemoperfusion in
      chronic renal failure patients.
AB  - 6 patients with end-stage renal disease underwent hemoperfusion with charcoal
      columns, for 60 min. Blood samples anticoagulated with 2% EDTA/aspirin solution
      were obtained from arteriovenous fistulas in the basal condition, 5 min after a
      bolus injection of heparin (7,500 U), at the end of hemoperfusion, and 30 min
      after. The study was repeated few days later, in the same patients, two hours
      after 100 mg aspirin by mouth. TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha were assayed with RIA
      in unextracted (U) and extracted (E) and chromatographed platelet poor plasma
      (PPP). Platelet counts before and after hemoperfusion were also performed. Low
      levels of the two prostaglandins were found in plasma; this could be related to
      the procedures for collection and processing of plasma samples; no significant
      differences were observed between extracted and unextracted samples: there were
      slightly higher levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in unextracted samples. After
      charcoal hemoperfusion there was only a slight and not significant increase of
      TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha; low dose aspirin did not modify significantly plasma
      levels of the two prostaglandins before hemoperfusion but it reduced TXB2 and 6
      keto-PGF1 alpha levels after charcoal hemoperfusion. The platelet count fell (
      22%) after charcoal hemoperfusion with heparin alone and in similar manner after
      low-dose aspirin pretreatment (-24%, 7%).

PMID- 6573693
TI  - Platelet prostaglandin production in alcoholic liver disease.
AB  - Impaired platelet aggregation is a common finding in patients with alcoholic
      liver disease. This may be due to impairment of prostaglandin synthesis and
      alterations in the proportions of platelet membrane lipids secondary to changes
      in circulating lipids. Platelet prostaglandin synthesis was measured by the
      production of malonaldehyde (MDA), and was increased in patients with alcoholic
      cirrhosis compared with normal controls. Mean MDA production in cirrhotics was
      3.37 nmoles MDA/10(9) platelets, and in controls 1.01 nmoles MDA/10(9) platelets
      (p less than 0.01). Platelet prostaglandin synthesis was significantly related to
      the serum cholesterol:triglyceride ratio (r = 0.73, p less than 0.005). Platelet
      aggregation was impaired in 12/14 cirrhotics. Five of the cirrhotics had a factor
      in their plasma which appeared to enhance the aggregation of normal platelets.
      Impaired platelet aggregation in patients with alcoholic liver disease appears to
      be due to a defect in intraplatelet metabolism.

PMID- 6573694
TI  - Studies on cryptolepine. Cryptolepine antagonism of noradrenaline and
      modification of this effect by calcium ions and prostaglandin E2 on rat isolated
      mesenteric artery.

PMID- 6573695
TI  - A family study of HLA antigens and other genetic markers in schizophrenia.
AB  - HLA antigens and 19 other genetic marker systems were studied in 12 families
      containing 2 or more members diagnosed as schizophrenic. In contrast with
      previous reports we could exclude linkage between the disorder and HLA, and we
      found no evidence of linkage with Gm or Gc. The disagreement between our results
      and those of a previous study, which suggested linkage between HLA and
      schizophrenia, could not be explained on the basis of genetic heterogeneity
      within the disorder. The problems of performing a linkage study in the face of
      diagnostic uncertainty and an unknown mode of inheritance of the main trait are
      discussed, and the measures taken in attempts to overcome these difficulties are
      described. Despite present drawbacks, genetic marker studies hold future promise
      as a means of detecting major gene effects in schizophrenia and other familial
      psychiatric disorders.

PMID- 6573696
TI  - The alcoholic brain: CT scan and psychological findings.
AB  - One hundred male alcoholics without overt clinical signs of brain damage were
      interviewed, psychologically tested and scanned by means of a CT 1010 EMI
      scanner. Fifty age-matched controls, lifelong abstainers or light drinkers, were
      used for comparison. Fifty-six alcoholics from the initial sample were followed
      up after periods varying from 30 to 152 weeks, and radiological changes during
      the follow-up were assessed. The main results of the study can be summarized as
      follows: (1) All CT scan indices were significantly different in alcoholics and
      controls. Alcoholics had larger ventricles, wider cerebral sulci and wider
      Sylvian and interhemispheric fissures. Cerebellar sulci were visible only in
      alcoholics. These differences were greater for older alcoholics and controls, but
      were also present in the younger subjects. (2) In the alcoholic group the size of
      the ventricular system, and the width of the sulci, Sylvian and interhemispheric
      fissures were positively and significantly correlated with age. The duration of
      the drinking history and the age of onset were not significantly correlated with
      CT scan indices. (3) In those alcoholics whose age was greater than the mean for
      the whole group, the size of the ventricular system and width of the Sylvian
      fissure were significantly and negatively correlated with the duration of
      abstinence prior to scanning. (4) Other features such as decreased tolerance, a
      positive family history of alcoholism and 'social decline' were not significantly
      related to the severity of CT scan abnormalities. (5) When the effects of age and
      premorbid intelligence were controlled, alcoholics showed significant cognitive
      impairment when compared with controls. The differences in the scores of
      psychological tests and CT scan indices were greater between alcoholics and
      controls of high IQ than between those of low IQ. This discrepancy is likely to
      be due to a selection bias. (6) No significant correlations were found between
      the degree of cognitive impairment and clinical features. The size of the
      ventricular system was positively and significantly correlated with the
      discrepancy between immediate and delayed recall of verbal material. There were
      no other significant correlations between cognitive impairment and CT scan
      indices. (7) Those subjects who had remained abstinent during the follow-up
      period, when considered as a group, showed a significant reduction in the size of
      the ventricular system. When cortical indices and V/B ratio were combined,
      patients whose scans had improved at follow-up differed from the rest with regard
      to the length of abstinence prior to re-scanning.

PMID- 6573697
TI  - Bulimia and diabetes: a potentially life-threatening combination.

PMID- 6573698
TI  - The fractured tooth.

PMID- 6573699
TI  - Artifact or pathosis? Problem-solving for panoramic dental radiology (I).

PMID- 6573700
TI  - Occupational hazards in the dental office and their control. I. Measures for
      controlling infections.

PMID- 6573701
TI  - Solvidont--a new chemotherapeutic and bacteriocidal agent for endodontic use (I).

PMID- 6573702
TI  - Awareness of prevention in dentistry: a comparison of three populations.

PMID- 6573703
TI  - Benign solitary pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa.

PMID- 6573704
TI  - [Oral mucous membrane diseases with regard to viral diseases. Clinical aspects -
      pharmacokinetics (I)].

PMID- 6573705
TI  - [Structural anomalies of enamel, enamel hypoplasia of tooth 17].

PMID- 6573706
TI  - [Reflections on the so-called guide-plane relation to the total field of
      gnathology].

PMID- 6573707
TI  - [Surgical prognosis of non-ankylosed retained teeth. (I)].

PMID- 6573708
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6573709
TI  - [A new photographic equipment system for dentistry using intraoral optics].

PMID- 6573710
TI  - [Work safety in dental practice].

PMID- 6573711
TI  - [Preprosthetic vestibuloplasty--a modified surgical technic using a Collatamp
      Fascie and silicon catheters].

PMID- 6573712
TI  - [The speedomatic amalgam condensation instrument set. Clinical experiences].

PMID- 6573713
TI  - [Method for determining vertical jaw relations].

PMID- 6573714
TI  - [Surgical prognosis of non-ankylosed retained teeth (II)].

PMID- 6573715
TI  - [A flexible gingival appliance (I)].

PMID- 6573716
TI  - [Use of Crozat models in photography].

PMID- 6573717
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6573718
TI  - [Often unheeded psychological influences in relations with patients].

PMID- 6573719
TI  - [Oral mucous membrane diseases with regard to viral diseases. Clinical aspects -
      pharmacokinetics (II)].

PMID- 6573720
TI  - [Thoracic sonography in childhood].
AB  - Although limited by osseous structures and gas the sonographic evaluation of the
      chest may be useful for certain conditions. Illustrated by three cases-
      supradiaphragmatic and parasternal tumor, subpulmonic effusion, and pleural
      effusion combined with a mediastinal tumor--the indications for ultrasound
      studies in children are discussed. In many cases the ultrasound may be helpful
      considering the diagnostic procedure and therapeutic consequences.

PMID- 6573721
TI  - [Roentgen diagnosis of structural changes in the pubic area in children and
      adolescents. Personal case reports, differential diagnosis and literature
      review].
AB  - Structural changes in the pubic bone often are difficult to interpret. The
      radiologic appearance is very different. The differentiation between inflammatory
      and malignant processes is hardly to distinguish. We are reporting ten patients
      with osseous changes in the os pubic (4 Ewing's sarcoma, 1 osteosarcoma, 1 Morbus
      Hodgkin, 1 osteochondronecrosis, 2 osteochondritis, 1 subchronic osteomyelitis).
      Two patients with Ewing's sarcoma who were initially treated for osteomyelitis
      are described in detail. Differential diagnosis and previous literature are
      reviewed.

PMID- 6573722
TI  - PGD2 formation in the vasculature: characteristics of rat tail vein prostaglandin
      endoperoxide-D isomerase.
AB  - Rat tail vein homogenates, microsome and high speed supernatant fractions were
      incubated with [1-(14) C]prostaglandin endoperoxide (PGH2) and products separated
      and identified by radio-thinlayer chromatography. PGI2 synthase was localized to
      the microsomal fraction, but exhibited low activity compared to rat tail arteries
      prepared in the same manner. PGH-D isomerase was identified in the cytosolic
      fraction of tail veins. The isomerase was maximally active in the presence of
      reduced glutathione at pH 7.5-8.0, exhibited a Km for PGH2 of 33 microM, and was
      inhibited sulfhydryl-directed reagents. The similarities of this enzyme to PGD
      synthase of the rat cerebral microvasculature are discussed.

PMID- 6573723
TI  - Inhibition of B-16 melanoma growth in vitro by prostaglandin D2.
AB  - Prostaglandin D2 was found to be a potent inhibitor of B-16 melanoma cell
      replication in vitro. The inhibition was dose-dependent between 3x10(-9)M and
      3x10(-6)M (IC50 approximately 0.3 microM after 6 days). On a molar basis, PGD2
      was a better inhibitor than PGA2 or 16, 16-dimethyl-PGE2-methyl ester (di-M-PGE2)
      and in higher concentrations (10(-6)-10(-7)M), comparable to retinoic acid. In
      higher concentrations, PGD2 inhibited DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. The B-16
      melanoma cell line which we used synthesized arachidonic acid metabolites which
      comigrated with PGA2, PGD2, PGE2, and PGF2 alpha on a thin layer chromatography
      system.

PMID- 6573724
TI  - Influence of prostaglandin E2 on proteoglycan synthesis in the human ovarian
      follicle wall.
AB  - The effect of prostaglandin (PG) E2 on the incorporation of 3H-glucosamine in the
      human follicular wall was investigated in vitro. Follicles were obtained from
      women undergoing sterilization via minilaparotomy. Tissue pieces of the
      follicular wall were incubated in the presence of PGE2 and 3H-glucosamine and the
      tissue-bound radioactivity was determined. PGE2 induced a significant increase of
      radiolabelling in the apex of the mature follicle wall but did not significantly
      affect the incorporation in other parts of the wall, nor in the wall of less
      developed follicles. The incorporation of glucosamine, a precursor of
      glucosaminoglycans, is regarded to reflect the synthesis of proteoglycans. The
      demonstrated increase in the incorporation of 3H-glucosamine in the apical wall
      of the mature follicle in response to PGE2 indicates that PG-mediated stimulation
      of proteoglycan synthesis is of importance for follicular rupture.

PMID- 6573726
TI  - A look at leadership.

PMID- 6573725
TI  - An overdenture approach to ectodermal dysplasia in children.

PMID- 6573727
TI  - Congressional hearings on "Human Applications of Genetic Engineering".

PMID- 6573728
TI  - Summary from "Splicing life": a report on the social and ethical issues of
      genetic engineering with human beings. President's Commission for the Study of
      Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research.

PMID- 6573729
TI  - Ethical and social issues in the application of genetic engineering to human
      beings. Statement to Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Committee on
      Science and Technology, United States House of Representatives.

PMID- 6573730
TI  - [3-dimensional endodontic treatment. Procedures preceding the preparation and
      filling of root canals].
AB  - In this article some clinical operations preceding the preparation and filling of
      root canals are more thoroughly treated. Besides the technique for periapical X
      ray photography the indication for photography at a mesial and distal angle is
      described here. Particular attention is paid to the reading of the apical foramen
      on the radiograph and the use of the diagnostic radiograph in determining the
      experimental working-length. This article ends with description and illustrations
      of the shapes of the entrances to endodontic cavities with the different tooth
      elements.

PMID- 6573731
TI  - [A gingiva-compatible retention method for removable orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6573732
TI  - [Equilibrium demand/supply in dental care?].

PMID- 6573733
TI  - [Erythroblastopenia. A common syndrome with a variable developmental course.
      Commentary apropos of 4 cases].

PMID- 6573734
TI  - Excretion of polyamines by children with leukemia during chemotherapy.
AB  - Evidence is presented showing a relation between polyamine concentration and the
      methylation of tRNA in vitro and in vivo. Polyamine excretion in urine of
      children with ALL and AML is slightly elevated before the commencement of
      chemotherapy. Immediately thereafter, excretion of acetylputrescine increases
      drastically over a period of at least 30-60 days. The elevation seems to be
      caused by different factors, e.g., destruction of tumor cells, induction of
      ornithindecarboxylase, and cell recovery after termination of chemotherapy.
      Acetylspermidine excretion also increases 3-4 days after the beginning of
      chemotherapy. A positive correlation exists between leukocyte counts and
      excretion of acetylspermidine. The ratio of acetylspermidine excretion at days 3
      4 of the therapy to that before commencement of chemotherapy could be an
      indicator of response to the therapy.

PMID- 6573735
TI  - Pancreatic hydrolases in cold-induced hyperphagia of rats fed a low or high-fat
      diet.
AB  - Rats fed either a low (2p. 100) or high (40 p. 100)-fat diet were exposed to 22
      or 5 degrees C. The resulting hyperphagia adequately compensated energy losses as
      judged from body weight. The cold-induced hyperphagia was accompanied by a non
      parallel increase in pancreatic hydrolases. Amylase and lipase were not increased
      above the adaptive levels they had respectively reached in the heat with a high
      starch or high-lipid diet. Chymotrypsinogen, on the contrary, responded to
      increased intake of both diets. It also responded to the higher protein
      concentration in the high-fat diet caused by isocaloric replacement of starch by
      fat. Colipase varied independently of lipase and was increased additively by fat
      and protein intakes. Consequently, although limiting for lipase in the warm,
      colipase rose to a 1:1 ratio in the cold. Increased intake had a consistent
      pleiotropic effect evidenced by an increase of amylase with the high-fat diet and
      of lipase with the low-fat diet. The net effect was a significant increase in the
      lipid-digesting potential of the organism of lipid-fed animals upon exposure to
      cold, while the starch-digesting potential remained unaffected in starch-fed
      animals.

PMID- 6573736
TI  - Action of MDL 646, a new synthetic prostaglandin, on gastric acid secretion of
      some experimental animals.
AB  - The new synthetic prostaglandin 11,15-dihydroxy-16-methyl-16-methoxy-9-oxo-prost
      13-en-1-oic acid,methyl ester (8 alpha,11 alpha,15R,16R) (compound marked MDL
      646), belonging to the 16-methyl-16-methoxy series, was tested for its activity
      on gastric secretion of different animal species and in different experimental
      conditions. In the dog provided with gastric fistula and Heidenhain pouch, MDL
      646 (25 micrograms/kg by intragastric administration) caused a remarkable
      inhibition of the histamine- and bethanechol-induced acid secretion, an effect
      which was more evident in the main stomach than on the Heidenhain pouch. In the
      cat, but not in the dog, the compound inhibited not only the hypersecretion
      induced by histamine and bethanechol but also that induced by pentagastrin.
      However, in this case, high doses (50-100 micrograms/kg) had to be used to obtain
      a significant inhibition. Similar results were obtained with the perfused stomach
      of the anaesthetized rat in which the natural PGE2 appeared to be from 3 to 5
      times less potent. In the conscious rat provided with gastric fistula MDL 646 (15
      and 50 micrograms/kg) significantly inhibited spontaneous gastric secretion.
      Untoward reactions, represented by salivation and vomiting lasting 30 min, were
      experienced by some dogs following administration of 50-100 micrograms/kg of the
      synthetic prostaglandin. These data appear of considerable interest in view of
      the possibility of the use of MDL 646 also in humans.

PMID- 6573737
TI  - Glutathione mediated lysis of HL-60 cells.
AB  - Various concentrations of glutathione (GSH), between 50-2000 micrograms/ml, were
      shown to retard the proliferation of HL-60 cells, with the optimum level being
      200 micrograms/ml. Using electronic cell volume, GSH was shown to increase the
      percentage of small size cells and debris, and decrease the population cell
      volume and the percentage of large size cells. This data combined with chromium
      51 release, trypan blue exclusion, and morphology data suggested that GSH was
      lysing HL-60 cells. Catalase eliminated the GSH stimulated cell lysis suggesting
      a H2O2 mediated mechanism was involved.

PMID- 6573738
TI  - Central neural stimulation of respiration by sodium salicylate.
AB  - Phrenic nerve responses to intravenous administration of sodium salicylate were
      measured in anesthetized, paralyzed cats whose vagi and carotid sinus nerves had
      been cut. Three groups of animals were studied. One consisted of animals with
      intact central nervous systems. The other two were identical except that the
      spinal cords had been transected at either T4-T5 or C7-T1. Salicylate led to a
      significant increase in respiration and whole body metabolism in all three
      groups. Transection of the spinal cord had no effect on the magnitude of the
      respiratory response to salicylate. We also studied another group of animals in
      which salicylate was injected directly into the third cerebral ventricle. This
      led to a significant increase in respiration without an increase in whole body
      metabolism. We conclude that salicylate stimulates respiration by a mechanism
      other than one related to its ability to increase whole body metabolism and that
      this mechanism is located within the central nervous system.

PMID- 6573739
TI  - [Anatomic realities and physiopathological concepts].

PMID- 6573740
TI  - [Comparative histo-radiographic aspects of lesions of the periapical tissue].

PMID- 6573741
TI  - [Anatomic study of the vascularization of the anterior region of the mandible].

PMID- 6573742
TI  - [Failure of the anesthesia of central incisors and mandibular molars: the problem
      of nerve supply].

PMID- 6573743
TI  - [Anesthesia at the spine of Spix, failures and complications: an anatomic study].

PMID- 6573744
TI  - [Treatment protocol of the dentin-pulp under composite resins].

PMID- 6573745
TI  - [Weaning in respiratory insufficiency].

PMID- 6573746
TI  - [The place of condylectomy in the treatment of hypercondylosis].
AB  - Condylectomy is an indication of choice for unilateral hypercondylia, whatever
      the age of the patient, and should be conducted as early as possible and
      associated with intermaxillary elastic traction. Complementary one- or two-stage
      operations for mandibular correction are necessary in severe advanced cases.
      Complementary maxillary osteotomies are very rarely required.

PMID- 6573747
TI  - [Anatomic and physiopathological basis for the surgical treatment of
      temporomandibular ankylosis].
AB  - Lack of application of anatomical and physiopathological features leads to
      incomplete results following wide resection of an ankylosed bone block, the use
      of an intra-articular interposition with the single objective of interfering with
      postoperative synostosis, forced mobilization with the open mouth, and
      complementary surgical acts to improve esthetic results only. These results can
      be transformed by ensuring good postoperative functional dental occlusion and
      adequate functioning of the lateral meniscopterygoid-condylar apophysis system,
      but this is not always possible. When this system (mobilizer of the mandible) is
      not recoverable, other means of mandibular mobilization must be attempted,
      particularly a good muscular interposition, mechanotherapy in propulsion and
      retropulsion, and early sufficient lengthening of the ascending mandibular rami.
      Early surgery is always beneficial in children as it reduces constraints which
      limit growth and lowering of the body of the mandible. One of the most important
      steps in the progress of this surgery is the procedure for lengthening the
      condylar segment (after freeing or resection of the ankylosed condyle), and the
      use of a chondrocostal graft. Care must be taken in all cases to restore good
      occlusal function, the best means of improving articular function and the
      persistence of a good buccal opening.

PMID- 6573748
TI  - [Temporomandibular arthoplasty for ankylosis. Apropos of 4 cases].
AB  - Four patients with temporomandibular ankylosis were treated according to the same
      therapeutic concepts, and good results were obtained. This was due to the
      surgical technique employed which respects meniscal elements and conserves or
      reconstructs the ascending ramus length, and to postoperative mobilization in
      mandibular propulsion and lateropulsion (by means of elastic tractions or
      palatine plate) over a period of several months.

PMID- 6573749
TI  - [Post-operative developments after resection of the mandibular body or angle for
      mandibular protrusion].
AB  - Teleradiographic examinations were conducted pre- and postoperatively and one
      year after resection of the body (5 cases) or angle (10 cases) of the mandible
      for mandibular protrusion in 15 patients. Clinical results of these operations
      appeared to be very stable, but teleradiographic modifications were observed
      constantly after one year. Resection of the body has little effect on the
      position of the ascending rami, whereas angle resection usually results in
      parasitic movements in this region, their pre-operative condition being re
      established in practically all cases. Following shortening of the body there is
      an almost constant drop in the symphysial region. These movements appear to arise
      from activity of masticatory and suprahyoid muscles, with an accessory role being
      played by the tongue.

PMID- 6573751
TI  - [Mandibular hypercondylosis. Signs and diagnosis].
AB  - Mandibular condyle hyperplasia is typically characterized by an hypertrophy and
      an increased growth activity of one of the mandibular condyles (except, in the
      rare cases of bilateral involvement). The homo-lateral descent of the molar
      occlusal plane, leads to generalised adaptive alterations of the maxilla and the
      entire facial skeleton, which justifies pre-pubescent condylar surgery. Thus, the
      early diagnosis of the affliction is preferable, based on a thorough knowledge of
      these clinical signs.

PMID- 6573750
TI  - [Sagittal osteotomy of the horizontal branch of the mandible in the treatment of
      mandibular retrognathism with severe incisor supraocclusion].
AB  - Three patients with mandibular retrognathia and marked incisor supraocclusion
      were treated by sagittal osteomy of the mandibular body. The technique employed
      is described, and possible indications in certain cases of this type discussed,
      these including particularly patients in whom molar articulation must not be
      modified, and when the height of the lower region of the face contraindicates
      segmental osteotomy.

PMID- 6573752
TI  - [Median osteotomy of the mandible].

PMID- 6573753
TI  - ["Functional" genioplasty].
AB  - Genioplasty is a treatment method of the long face syndrome by reducing the lower
      face height to be equal, on lateral cephalometric radiography, to 55% of the
      total height of the anterior face whereas the height of the upper face is equal
      to 45% of this one (Wylie). Surgical technique described in this paper is
      particular by making up a tenon and mortise joint allowing a good stability of
      the lower fragment of osteotomy whose muscular insertions are preserved. Its
      effects are simultaneously functional and cosmetic because the oral musculature
      disorder is suppressed while chin aspect is modified.

PMID- 6573754
TI  - [5 cases of cervicofacial actinomycoses].

PMID- 6573755
TI  - Observations on giant tubules in human coronal dentin by light microscopy and
      microradiography.
AB  - Human coronal dentin was studied by light microscopy and microradiography. The
      material comprised 50 permanent and 10 primary anterior teeth and
      microradiographs of 63 primary anterior teeth from a previous study. Both intact
      and worn teeth were examined. Ground sections in the long axes of the crowns in
      the buccolingual and mesiodistal planes were prepared, as well as transverse
      sections. A few crowns were also examined in toto. A system of giant tubules
      extending from the border of the pulpal cavity could be followed, though not
      continuously, through the secondary and primary dentin almost to the incisal
      dentinoenamel junction was observed. The lumina of the tubules were 5-40 microns
      wide and bordered by an approximately 10-microns-wide, usually hypermineralized
      rim of dentin in which only a few dentinal tubules were clearly discernible. The
      giant tubules were located along the mesiodistal axes of the teeth. The number of
      such tubules varied between 0 and 30.

PMID- 6573756
TI  - Effect of xylitol and other carbon sources on the cell wall of Streptococcus
      mutans.
AB  - Transferring actively growing bacteria of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 27351 into a
      xylitol-containing reaction mixture caused distinct alterations in bacterial
      ultrastructure without notable effect on the total viability of the strain.
      Incubations in media containing 50 mg/ml of glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose,
      sorbitol or mannitol as the primary carbon source did not affect bacterial
      ultrastructure. These fermentations were reflected biochemically in the amounts
      of insoluble glucans, as expected. A negative correlation was found between the
      cell mass and the lipoteichoic acid formation. But these aspects could not be
      visualized in the electron microscope. In the xylitol series, however, degrading
      cells and autolysis, intracellular vacuoles and lamellated formations in the
      cytoplasmic membrane were frequently seen independent of the concentration of
      xylitol in the reaction mixtures. In freeze-fracturing replicas, however, the
      membrane intercalated particles of the cytoplasmic membranes seemed to be
      unaffected and like those in the controls. Minor ultrastructural changes in the
      fracture-faces were detected. Despite the alterations in ultrastructure of the
      xylitol-incubated bacteria, there was no difference in their viability when
      compared to the controls.

PMID- 6573757
TI  - Prevalence of Streptococcus mutans with different colonial morphologies in human
      plaque and saliva.
AB  - Plaque and saliva samples were obtained twice from 58 children at an interval of
      1 year and examined for the prevalence of Streptococcus mutans on Mitis
      salivarius (MS) and Mitis salivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar. Two types of S.
      mutans colonies with different colonial morphologies were seen on both media.
      They were serologically identified as serotypes c/e/f and d/g respectively. The
      first type, morphogroup c/e/f, had the typical "frosted-glass" appearance. It was
      the most prevalent and was found in 97% of the children. The second type,
      morphogroup d/g, had a creamy marzipan consistency with a dull, granular surface,
      gray to brown in color and often with some liquid around or on top of the colony.
      Group d/g was detected in 21 children (36%) and then together with colonies of
      group c/e/f. Children infected with single or multiple morphogroups of S. mutans
      generally harbored the same groups 1 year later. There was a significant positive
      correlation between the proportion of S. mutans in plaque and their numbers in
      saliva.

PMID- 6573758
TI  - Clinical, microscopical and biochemical investigation of synovial fluid from
      temporomandibular joints.
AB  - The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between pain and
      tenderness to palpation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), radiographic
      changes of the joint and signs of inflammation in the synovial fluid. Saline was
      injected into and aspirated from the TMJ of 29 patients with painful and tender
      TM joints and from five individuals with healthy joints. In another two patients
      synovial fluid could be aspirated without saline. The aspirated fluid was
      analyzed for inflammatory cells and for plasma proteins. A clinical examination
      of the stomatognathic system and a radiographic examination of the TMJ were
      performed before the aspiration. Besides tenderness to palpation of the TMJ, pain
      on mandibular movement and tenderness to palpation of the masticatory muscles
      were common. Erosion of the cortical outline of the joint surfaces was the most
      common radiographic finding. Inflammatory cells were present in the fluid of
      three patients but in none of the healthy individuals. Plasma proteins of
      inflammatory type could be detected in the fluid from seven of the patients. The
      results show that radiographic, cellular or biochemical signs of inflammation can
      frequently be found in the TMJ of patients with longstanding pain and tenderness
      of this joint.

PMID- 6573759
TI  - Retention of Cu and Zn in the oral cavity following rinsing with aqueous
      solutions of copper and zinc salts.
AB  - Retention of Cu and Zn in the mouth after rinses with known volumes of aqueous
      solutions of the metal salts was measured by atomic absorption. The mean amounts
      retained in 10 subjects were 0.02 mg Cu and 0.22 mg Zn. These values represent
      approximately 31% of the Cu and 15% of the Zn originally in the rinse. The
      intraindividual variation (s.d.), estimated by three mouthrinses at weekly
      intervals in three subjects averaged 2.1% for Cu and 2.3% for Zn. Following a
      rinse the salivary concentration of Cu and Zn decreased rapidly during the first
      4 h, approaching prerinse levels.

PMID- 6573760
TI  - Curing contraction of addition-type silicone impression materials.
AB  - The curing contraction of addition-type silicone impression materials was
      measured by the mercury bath method. The results point to a classification of
      this group of materials into the following two types: 1: materials with maximum
      0.08% polymerization contraction at 22 degrees C 15 min after mixing and maximum
      0.03% contraction at 22 degrees C during storage from 15 min to 24 h (Permagum,
      President, Reflect and Reprosil). 2: materials with more than 0.08%
      polymerization contraction at 22 degrees C 15 min after mixing and significantly
      more than 0.03% contraction during storage at 22 degrees C from 15 min to 24 h
      (Exaflex, Xantogum).

PMID- 6573761
TI  - Corrosion of non-gamma 2-amalgams.
AB  - Eight different dental amalgams were studied in an in vitro corrosion test.
      Cylindrical test specimens were stored in weak lactic acid solutions at different
      pH for 1 month. The concentrations of mercury and copper in the solutions were
      measured and corrosion depths estimated. The results indicated that more copper
      was released from non-gamma 2-amalgams compared with conventional ones. The
      amounts of copper from these amalgams were not directly correlated to the
      concentration in the alloys. Mercury was released in much lower amounts than
      copper for all amalgams and seemed to originate from the gamma 1-phase. A low pH
      promoted the corrosion.

PMID- 6573762
TI  - Accuracy of stone-casts produced from selected addition-type silicone
      impressions.
AB  - The present study has shown that there is no correlation between the free curing
      contraction of three selected addition-type silicone impression materials and the
      effective contraction determined as the accuracy of stone dies produced in dental
      impressions of these materials. Depending on specific rheologic properties, the
      free curing contraction of an impression material can be partly compensated for
      by flow.

PMID- 6573763
TI  - Gastrointestinal and in vitro release of copper, cadmium, indium, mercury and
      zinc from conventional and copper-rich amalgams.
AB  - Particles of a conventional lathe-cut, a spherical non-gamma 2 and a copper
      amalgam have been gastrointestinally administered to rats for the purpose of
      evaluation of the dissolution resistance. The animals were sacrificed after 20
      hrs. The contents of copper, cadmium, indium, mercury and zinc in kidney, liver,
      lung or blood were measured using nuclear tracer techniques. From a copper
      amalgam an extreme release of copper was demonstrated. This study stimulates the
      clinical condition of elemental release from swallowed amalgam particles after
      amalgam insertion or after removal of old amalgam fillings. Specimens of the same
      types of amalgams were also exposed to artificial saliva for a period of 10 days.
      The amounts of copper and mercury released were measured with flame and flameless
      atomic absorption spectrophotometry respectively. The levels of copper and
      mercury released from the copper amalgam were approximately 50 times those of the
      two other amalgam types studied.

PMID- 6573764
TI  - Effect of pressure upon wall-to-wall polymerization contraction of a chemically
      cured resin.
AB  - The marginal gaps of 105 Silar fillings were measured after application of a load
      between zero and 100 N on the matrix during the initial polymerization. The
      fillings were placed in non-etched dentin cavities in extracted human teeth. The
      dentin surrounding the cavities was either roughened with carborundum paper No.
      220 or polished with Alfa Micropolish 1 micron before the cavities were filled.
      When load was applied to the matrix, no effect was found of the roughness
      surrounding the cavities, but without load the wall-to-wall contraction was
      significantly greater in cavities where the surrounding dentin surfaces had been
      polished with Alfa Micropolish. Apparently the effect of load was related to
      friction during the polymerization between filling surplus and the dentin
      surrounding the cavities and not to load per se.

PMID- 6573765
TI  - Indirect visualization of ameloblast modulation in the rat incisor using calcium
      binding compounds.
AB  - Rats were injected with Calcein and killed 1 h, and 1, 2 and 3 days after
      injection. Incisors were stained with glyoxal-bis-(2-hydroxyanil) (GBHA) and the
      enamel surface examined in a fluorescence microscope with incident-light
      excitation. In maturing enamel Calcein produced five fluorescent double bands
      across the long axis of the tooth. GBHA produced a series of single red stripes,
      each of which was imposed on a double Calcein band 1 h after injection. At longer
      intervals after injection GBHA stripes were seen to be gradually displaced in the
      apical direction from the Calcein double bands. Since GBHA is known to stain
      enamel adjacent to smooth-ended ameloblasts this supports the view of a cyclic
      modulation of ameloblast morphology and function.

PMID- 6573766
TI  - Distribution of 58Co from the oral cavity of mice.
AB  - Whole body retention and tissue distribution of 58Co in mice having had an oral
      cavity depot of 58CoCl2 was studied at 1, 5 and 24 h after administration by
      means of gamma scintillation measurements and autoradiography. The whole body
      58Co retention at 5 h after administration was 93.3% of the whole body 58Co
      content at 1 h. Corresponding 58Co-retention at 24 h after administration was
      9.2%. Tissues analyzed by gamma scintillation measurements at 1, 5 and 24 h post
      administration were: serum, kidney, pancreas, spleen, liver, heart, lung, tongue
      and palatal mucosa. At all survival times after administration palatal mucosa
      showed the highest 58Co median content followed by tongue. The very high 58Co
      median content of palatal mucosa and tongue at 1 h after administration showed a
      strongly decrease at 5 and 24 h after administration. For the other tissues the
      highest 58Co median content was found in the liver and the lowest in the spleen
      with the highest 58Co median value for each tissue at 5 h after administration.
      The autoradiograms revealed a high 58Co uptake in oral, nasal, pharyngeal and
      esophageal mucosa, intestines and stomach. In liver, pancreas and kidney no
      uptake was observed at 1 h and a weak uptake was detected at 5 and 24 h.

PMID- 6573768
TI  - [Continuous disinfection of the water in a dental treatment unit].

PMID- 6573767
TI  - Identification of three major synovial lining cell populations by monoclonal
      antibodies directed to Ia antigens and antigens associated with
      monocytes/macrophages and fibroblasts.
AB  - Synovial lining cells obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis or non
      inflammatory joint diseases were divisible into three populations according to
      the expression of surface antigens detected by various monoclonal antibodies. A
      population of cells designated type I was defined by the presence of Ia antigens.
      Fc receptors, five different monocyte lineage differentiation antigens, and the
      property of phagocytosis. The greatly increased amounts of both Ia antigens and
      certain monocyte lineage antigens distinguished these cells from blood monocytes.
      A second distinctive cell population was non-phagocytic, occasionally binucleate,
      and had abundant Ia antigens but lacked IgG Fc receptors, monocyte lineage
      antigens, B or T lymphocyte antigens, and fibroblast-associated antigens detected
      by reagents raised against synovial cells. This population, designated type II,
      accounted for approximately one-third of the synovial cells in patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis but few or no cells in the synovial lining of patients with
      non-inflammatory diseases. The Ia-positive synovial cells with a dendritic
      morphology were contained in this population. An additional population,
      designated type III, contained nearly all of the remaining cells and was defined
      by the presence of antigens expressed primarily on fibroblasts and by the absence
      of phagocytosis, demonstrable Ia antigens, and four antigens of the monocyte
      lineage. This population exhibited proliferative capacity, becoming the
      predominant cell in long-term cultures. The proportions of each population varied
      considerably from patient to patient.

PMID- 6573769
TI  - [Solitary bone cysts in the jaw area].

PMID- 6573770
TI  - [Endosseous implants may be indicated . . ].

PMID- 6573771
TI  - [Use of oxygenated water in periodontitis: a controversy].

PMID- 6573772
TI  - [Support and anchorage of partial and hybrid prostheses on tooth roots with
      simple devices].

PMID- 6573773
TI  - [Local anesthesia, the dentist's visiting card].

PMID- 6573774
TI  - Hyperactivity--by any other name.

PMID- 6573775
TI  - Six week old infant with a dry hacking cough.

PMID- 6573776
TI  - Somatic cell genetics and gene families.
AB  - The utility of somatic cell genetic analysis for the chromosomal localization of
      genes in mammals is well established. With the development of recombinant DNA
      probes and efficient blotting techniques that allow visualization of single-copy
      cellular genes, somatic cell genetics has been extended from the level of
      phenotypes expressed by whole cells to the level of the cellular genome itself.
      This extension has proved invaluable for the analysis of genes not readily
      expressed in somatic cell hybrids and for the study of multigene families,
      especially pseudogenes dispersed in different chromosomes throughout the genome.

PMID- 6573777
TI  - [Intercellular junctions in regenerating oral epithelium].

PMID- 6573778
TI  - [A mechanical study on the face bow (2nd treatise)].

PMID- 6573779
TI  - [Clinical survey of primary tooth restorations: report of restorative methods,
      extent of caries and cavity form].

PMID- 6573780
TI  - [The status of dental anesthesiology in the U.S.A].

PMID- 6573781
TI  - Nutritional status and anthracycline cardiotoxicity in children.
AB  - The nutritional status of children in whom cardiomyopathy resulted from
      anthracycline chemotherapy was compared to that of a matched control group of
      patients who were treated similarly but who had no evidence of cardiac toxicity.
      Those with cardiotoxic reactions were found to be more often malnourished than
      were their matched controls. Once clinical manifestations of cardiotoxocity
      developed, the course was relentless and resistant to treatment and ended in
      death in 75% of the patients.

PMID- 6573782
TI  - The ECG in dental anaesthesia, analgesia or sedation in out-patient or office
      dentistry.

PMID- 6573783
TI  - Fair deception or fraud.

PMID- 6573784
TI  - [Use of computers in dental office, with special reference to the legal problems
      in the use of software].

PMID- 6573785
TI  - [Dental office computer appointment system].

PMID- 6573786
TI  - [Use of computers in the dental office].

PMID- 6573787
TI  - [Development of computers for the dental office with TOSBAC 15].

PMID- 6573788
TI  - [Computers used in billing systems for dental insurance].

PMID- 6573789
TI  - [Computers used in billing systems for dental insurance].

PMID- 6573790
TI  - [Periodontal surgery and pathologic occlusion--with special reference to
      periodontal restoration (1)].

PMID- 6573791
TI  - [Bellfirm P for dental amalgam (2). Clinical application of Bellfirm P for
      posterior restorations].

PMID- 6573792
TI  - [Tooth fractures: classification and management (2)].

PMID- 6573793
TI  - [Smoking and diseases in the oral cavity, with special reference to mucosal
      lesions].

PMID- 6573794
TI  - [Clinical report on ORTHO-TAIN preformed positioners].

PMID- 6573795
TI  - [Research for the true healer. Influence of diet on health and periodontitis].

PMID- 6573796
TI  - [Dental students and their self-image].

PMID- 6573797
TI  - [Dental caries check-up of nursery school children in Beijing].

PMID- 6573798
TI  - [Forensic dentistry].

PMID- 6573799
TI  - [Cavity preparation for chemically adhesive composite restorations].

PMID- 6573801
TI  - Dentistry in the mainstream of hospital care.

PMID- 6573800
TI  - [Disinfecting mechanism of jothion (1,3-diiodo-2-hydroxypropane)].

PMID- 6573802
TI  - Orofacial involvement in multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 6573803
TI  - Oral health in nursing homes.

PMID- 6573804
TI  - The adjunctive use of an acrylic appliance in the management of a
      viscerocutaneous fistula.

PMID- 6573806
TI  - Fostering research in the hospital setting.

PMID- 6573805
TI  - The development of a modular gerontology curriculum for dental health
      practitioners.

PMID- 6573808
TI  - Today's Sherlock Holmes - a dental professor.

PMID- 6573807
TI  - A comparative study of two types of prostaglandins for abortion during the second
      trimester.
AB  - A comparative study of two techniques of prostaglandin midtrimester abortion was
      performed. Patients were randomly assigned to either intra-amniotic prostaglandin
      F2 alpha or intravaginal prostaglandin E2 methods. Mean induction to abortion
      intervals were 9.99 +/- 6.18 and 9.19 +/- 2.59 hours, respectively. The incidence
      of side-effects for the two methods was similar. Both prostaglandin F2 alpha and
      E2 are considered to represent equivalent midtrimester abortifacients.

PMID- 6573809
TI  - Are your patients listening?

PMID- 6573810
TI  - Doctor, is VEBA in your future?

PMID- 6573811
TI  - Early detection of oral cancer today.

PMID- 6573812
TI  - [Does the supply of magnesium affect the feed intake in ruminants?].
AB  - The magnesium balance is in a state of equilibrium in dairy cattle when the daily
      excretion of Mg in the urine is a least 2.5 g. (= 100 mM). When the daily urinary
      output is 25 l, this is equivalent to a concentration of at least 4 mM (= 100
      mg/l). The production of milk was inadequate on a number of dairy farms, which
      was associated with loss of appetite of the cows. The concentration of Mg in the
      urine of various cows was found to be too low on these farms. When additional
      magnesium was supplied, the feed intake was restored within a few days and the
      milk production also increased. The finding that an inadequate supply of Mg may
      have a negative effect on the feed intake was supported by some findings reported
      in the literature.

PMID- 6573813
TI  - [Osteosarcoma. Evaluation of the prognosis based on 84 cases].

PMID- 6573814
TI  - Biochemical variants in dogs.
AB  - Biochemical variants of constituents of the blood are considered to be valuable
      markers of genes in studies on population genetics. They are being used for that
      purpose for human populations and also for populations of laboratory and farm
      animals. The present report is concerned with biochemical variants in dogs. In
      dog breeding an increasing interest is being shown in the origin of the breeds,
      in their mutual relations, and in the relationship with wild canidae. Since
      biochemically detectable variation can offer valuable information in this
      respect, an overall investigation of the possibilities for the detection of these
      variants has been made. In this study, eleven constituents of the blood of dogs
      were found to demonstrate clearly detectable genetic polymorphism. The genetic
      systems for these eleven constituents are described. The observed frequencies of
      the variants are reported.

PMID- 6573816
TI  - Immunotherapy of murine leukemia. IX. The requirement for the Fc portion of
      antibody for successful passive serum therapy of Friend leukemia virus-induced
      disease.
AB  - The possible role of an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-type
      mechanism in the passive serum therapy of Friend leukemia virus (FLV)-induced
      erythroleukemia has been investigated by determining whether successful serum
      protection requires an intact Fc portion on the administered antibody. F(ab')2
      fragments of IgG extracted from chimpanzee anti-FLV and goat anti-FLV gp71
      antisera were prepared and compared with whole serum and uncleaved IgG for their
      capacity to protect DBA/2 mice against challenge with leukemogenic dose of FLV.
      Despite demonstrating in vitro virus neutralizing activity equivalent to that
      seen with antiviral serum or IgG, the virus-specific F(ab')2 preparations were
      devoid of protective activity. Given that passively administered F(ab')2 of goat
      origin have been reported to persist at stable levels in the mouse circulation,
      the failure of these F(ab')2 preparations to protect against virus challenge
      cannot be ascribed to rapid clearance from the treated animals. These results
      indicate that the passive serum therapy of FLV-induced disease is Fc dependent,
      consistent with the involvement of an ADCC-type mechanism, as well as confirming
      the previous suggestion that virus neutralization does not represent the sole
      mechanism of serum protection in this system.

PMID- 6573815
TI  - [Computed tomography of the thoracic organs].

PMID- 6573817
TI  - Circular genetic map of satellite bacteriophage P4.
AB  - A genetic map of satellite bacteriophage P4 has been constructed by means of
      standard multifactor crosses. The genetic map appears to be a circular
      permutation of the mature DNA physical map. In addition, a set of markers appear
      to be linked both to the left and to the right of the same gene alpha. These
      facts suggest that the P4 genetic map is circular. Since terminal redundancy
      and/or cyclic permutation are not known to be present in P4 mature DNA, the
      circularity of P4 genetic map may reflect the physical circularity of the
      molecules involved in the recombination process. The low frequency of
      recombination and the strong negative interference observed are in agreement with
      the above hypothesis.

PMID- 6573818
TI  - Metastatic cancer of unknown origin: Ohio Valley Medical Center experience.

PMID- 6573819
TI  - Tension pneumothorax during anesthesia.

PMID- 6573820
TI  - Medical Grand Rounds from the West Virginia University Medical Center.

PMID- 6573821
TI  - Early attenuation of Toxic Shock syndrome with intravenous nafcillin sodium.

PMID- 6573822
TI  - [Agar cultures of blood forming cells from patients with various forms of
      hemopoietic dysplasia].
AB  - By means of a two-layer agar system the growth-types of blood-forming cells of
      altogether 47 patients with various forms of the haematopoietic dysplasia were
      investigated. It could be shown that a hypoplastic and a leukemic growth type as
      a rule represent a prognostically unfavourable criterion. The probability of a
      transformation to an acute leukosis is greater in such patients whose blood
      forming cells show a leukemic growth in the agar culture. The results of
      clonization may be used for the differential diagnosis between haematopoietic
      dysplasia and a number of other diseases. The leukemic growth type was proved in
      59% of the patients with haematopoietic dysplasia.

PMID- 6573823
TI  - [Risk of leukemia in aplastic anemias].
AB  - Nowadays an increased risk of leucaemia in patients with aplastic anaemias
      (insufficiency of the bone marrow) is regarded as certain. If the literature of
      the last 10 years is analysed, the data concerning a leucaemic transformation
      amount to values between 0 and 16%. Among our clinical material of 108 patients,
      38 of them living, 10 patients (correspondingly 9%) showed a leukaemic
      transformation. The temporary latency between diagnosing of the aplastic syndrome
      and the leucaemic transformation was maximally 20 years. By cytomorphological
      investigations, particularly of the judgment of anomalies of erythroblasts, no
      certain prognosis concerning a possible development of leucaemia. Also
      cultivation methods of myelopoietic stem cells by means of diffusion chamber and
      agar culture technique do not seem to allow a certain evidence on prognosis.

PMID- 6573824
TI  - [Cervical complications in the use of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) in
      pregnancy].
AB  - During pregnancy application of prostaglandins has been proved a successful
      method both for induction of midtrimester artificial abortion and cervical
      priming before termination of pregnancy at the end of first trimester. A report
      is given about three cases of cervical complications following the induction of
      artificial abortion and cervical priming with the consequence of operations.
      Therefore cervical priming should not be considered as an intervention without
      side effects and complications. It is indicated only in cases of primipregnancy
      with an unfavourable state of the cervical anatomy and at the end of first
      trimester.

PMID- 6573825
TI  - Endoscopic cytology and biopsy in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal malignancy.
AB  - Direct-vision endoscopic cytologies and biopsies were performed on 1,437 patients
      during a five-year period, and the incidence, correct typing and diagnosis of
      gastroesophageal cancer were studied. At the first cytology, malignant cells were
      diagnosed in 80 cases, all of which were confirmed by the endoscopic biopsy; in
      30 cases, despite suspicious cytology, no malignancy was seen at the first
      biopsy. At repeat endoscopic cytology and biopsy, however, 21 of these 30 cases
      were correctly correlated for malignancy, resulting in a final correct
      correlation in 101 of the 110 cases (91.8%) and a diagnostic discrepancy in 9
      cases (8.2%). It thus appears that the procedure is useful in diagnosing
      gastroesophageal cancer in the majority of cases. In the cases of discrepancies,
      gastric ulcers were found later; the repeatedly suspicious cytologies were due to
      the cytologic atypia of the cells from regenerating hyperplastic and/or
      metaplastic epithelium at the margins of the ulcers. Such cells showed a wide
      spectrum of changes, ranging from mild atypia to severe atypia mimicking
      adenocarcinoma of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 6573826
TI  - Cytopathologic study of primary tumors of bones and joints.
AB  - Fine needle aspiration biopsy and subsequent histopathologic examination was done
      in 69 patients with bone tumors. In 83% of the cases, the cytologic diagnoses
      were in complete agreement with the histopathologic diagnoses. In the remaining
      aspirations, the cytologic diagnosis could not be made, mostly due to a paucity
      of cells on the smears.

PMID- 6573827
TI  - Cytologic evaluation of atypical cells in cervicovaginal smears from women with
      tubal pregnancies.
AB  - Cytologic changes in the cervicovaginal smears of 28 women with tubal pregnancies
      are described. Eleven cervicovaginal smears showed atypical cells, including two
      cellular patterns: glandular type and naked-nuclei type. About 60% of the cases
      with atypical cells included the naked-nuclei type of cell, which showed wide
      variations in nuclear size. Polyploid Feulgen DNA distributions were noted for
      both types of cells, which probably originate with the Arias-Stella reaction of
      the endometrium. The cytologic observation of atypical Arias-Stella cells in
      cervicovaginal smears may be useful in the early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy,
      especially if both cell types are present.

PMID- 6573828
TI  - Rapid DNA evaluation in clinical diagnosis.

PMID- 6573829
TI  - Electron microscopic identification of the colorectal origins of tumor cells in
      pleural fluid.
AB  - Cellular material from metastatic rectal and lung adenocarcinomas was recovered
      from pleural and pericardial fluids, respectively. It was examined by electron
      microscopy (EM) to determine if certain ultrastructural features, which are
      primarily prominent in colorectal adenocarcinomas, were maintained in the tumor
      cells in metastatic fluid. These features include the presence of microvilli with
      dense microfilamentous cores that extend deeply into the apical cytoplasm
      (cytoplasmic rootlets) and an abundance of glycocalyceal bodies. It was found
      that tumor cells from the patient with a primary rectal adenocarcinoma exhibited
      these critical distinguishing characteristics. The cells from the lung
      adenocarcinoma, while containing many well-developed microvilli, did not possess
      cytoplasmic rootlets or glycocalyceal bodies. In addition, and possibly of more
      diagnostic significance, is the observation that the presence of microvilli and
      cytoplasmic rootlets remained evident in tissue pieces and cell blocks initially
      processed in paraffin and then reembedded for EM.

PMID- 6573830
TI  - Metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma in sputum. A light and electron
      microscopic study.
AB  - Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) was diagnosed in a 43-year-old male by light
      microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Five years after
      thyroidectomy, malignant cells with the typical cytologic and electron
      microscopic features of MTC were seen in his sputum, and extensive pulmonary
      metastases from MTC were subsequently documented at autopsy. Sputum examination
      is a useful diagnostic technique in patients with MTC in whom pulmonary
      metastases are suspected.

PMID- 6573832
TI  - Histologic and cytologic correlation of endometrial wreaths.

PMID- 6573831
TI  - Cytologic findings of ascites from patients with ovarian dysgerminoma.
AB  - The cytomorphologic observations of ascites from three patients with ovarian
      dysgerminomas are presented. As compared with those in adenocarcinoma, the
      cytologic findings in this rare malignant ovarian tumor showed more cells lying
      isolated or in sheetlike arrangements, fewer cells with discrete cytoplasmic
      vacuoles, less frequent thickening of the nuclear membrane and more frequent
      multinucleolation.

PMID- 6573833
TI  - Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus. Brush cytology and histogenesis.
AB  - The cytologic findings in a case of malignant melanoma of the esophagus in a 57
      year-old male are described. Fiberoptic endoscopy showed a large brown mass in
      the lower tract of the esophagus and a strongly pigmented epithelium around the
      tumor. Brush cytology showed malignant melanoma cells with Fontana-Masson
      positive granules and typical intranuclear vacuoles. The surgical specimen
      revealed a malignant melanoma of the esophagus, with the surrounding epithelium
      characterized by junctional changes and the presence of benign melanocytes in the
      basal layer. The latter finding is the only sure criterion for proving the
      primary nature of malignant melanoma of the esophagus.

PMID- 6573834
TI  - Cytopathology of the esophagus. An overview of esophageal cytopathology in China.
AB  - Carcinoma of the esophagus is the most common malignancy in many parts of China.
      In an attempt to control it by early diagnosis, the balloon sampling technique
      was developed approximately 20 years ago. This technique is now widely used in
      China and is accepted as a diagnostic method by WHO. Up to 1979, more than
      500,000 people were examined in China. It is routinely used for differentiation
      between benign and malignant lesions in the esophagus, with an accuracy in the
      range of 90%. In mass surveys, 73.8% of the cancers detected have been carcinoma
      in situ and minimally invasive carcinomas. Dysplasias have been shown to progress
      to invasion by cytologic studies. The utilization of this technique has made
      possible epidemiologic studies and, thereby, coordination of etiologic research
      in esophageal cancer. Detection rates of early esophageal cancer by cytologic
      studies are more accurate than are those with either endoscopic or radiologic
      methods. The instruments and technique for balloon sampling of esophageal lesions
      are described, as are the cellular cytomorphology and the diagnostic cytologic
      criteria applicable to the samples obtained.

PMID- 6573835
TI  - Pseudosarcomatous fasciitis of the breast. Cytologic and histologic features.
AB  - A rare case of pseudosarcomatous fasciitis of the breast is presented. Both the
      clinical examination and the mammographic findings led us to expect a malignant
      lesion. Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology, however, was negative, with the
      cells observed indicating a benign lesion. The benignity was proven by histologic
      examination of the extirpated nodule. The usefulness of aspiration cytology in
      the diagnosis of this entity and the need for a combined methodology in the
      diagnosis of breast tumors are emphasized.

PMID- 6573836
TI  - Malignant angioendothelioma. Cytologic, histologic and ultrastructural findings.
AB  - Cells of a malignant angioendothelioma in pleural fluid were studied by light and
      electron microscopy. They occurred singly and clustered, with peripheral,
      pleomorphic nuclei containing finely particulate chromatin and one or two
      nucleoli. The cytoplasm was pale and finely vacuolated. Ultrastructural findings
      were those of endothelial cells: cytoplasmic pseudopodia, tight junctional
      complexes, cytoplasmic filaments and pinocytotic vesicles.

PMID- 6573837
TI  - Cytology of the pouch of Douglas in polycystic ovarian disease.

PMID- 6573838
TI  - Problems in the interpretation of hurthle cell populations in fine needle
      aspirates from the thyroid.

PMID- 6573839
TI  - Lipid fractions in primary hyperparathyroidism before and after surgical cure.
AB  - A number of previous studies has suggested that PTH may possess a hyperlipimic
      property. We determined various lipid fractions in 24 patients with primary
      hyperparathyroidism before and 1-3 months after surgical cure. The mean values
      for serum total cholesterol, triglycerides. LDL-Chol, VLDL-Chol and HDL-Chol did
      not change significantly with definitive correction of hyperparathyroidism. The
      mean values for all lipid fractions were comparable to those of the age- and and
      sex-matched normal control group except for HDL-Chol which was significantly
      lower in the hyperparathyroid group both before and after definitive cure of
      hyperparathyroidism. Only one patient with combined elevation of serum
      triglycerides and cholesterol exhibited normalization of the lipid levels after
      surgery. Two other patients with hypertriglyceridaemia failed to show any
      reduction in their triglyceride levels after correction of their
      hyperparathyroidism. Our data suggest that longstanding elevation of PTH to the
      extent seen in primary hyperparathyroidism and in the absence of predisposing
      conditions does not increase serum lipids in human.

PMID- 6573840
TI  - The metabolism of prostaglandin E2 is decreased by high- and medium-tar but not
      by low-tar cigarette smoke in isolated rat lungs.
AB  - The effects of smoke from low-, medium- and high-tar cigarette brands on the
      metabolism of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) were investigated in isolated rat lungs.
      When isolated lungs were ventilated with smoke of high- or medium-tar cigarettes
      during an infusion of PGE2 into the pulmonary circulation, the amount of
      unmetabolized PGE2 was increased and that of 15-ketometabolites (15-keto-PGE2 and
      13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGE2 together) was decreased in the perfusion effluent
      compared to air ventilated control lungs. This decrease in the pulmonary
      metabolism of PGE2 was seen by both filter and non-filter high/medium-tar
      cigarettes. When isolated rat lungs were ventilated with smoke of low-tar
      cigarettes no change in the metabolism of PGE2 was detected. The pressor response
      of the vascular bed to the infusion of PGE2 was inhibited with smoke of both low-
      and high-tar cigarettes.

PMID- 6573841
TI  - Reduced platelet MAO activity in healthy male students with blood group O.
AB  - The association between the two genetic markers of affective disorders, ABO blood
      group system and platelet MAO (monoamine oxidase) activity was studied in 70
      healthy young males. The platelet MAO activity of subjects with blood type O was
      significantly lower than that of subjects with blood type A and with blood types
      A + B AB + B together. This finding could constitute a "bridge" between the two
      genetic approaches to affective disorders.

PMID- 6573842
TI  - Burkitt cell leukemia with abnormality of chromosome No. 1.
AB  - A case of L3 (Burkitt cell) leukemia with chromosome 1 abnormality but no
      detectable abnormalities of chromosomes 8 or 14 is reported. This is the first
      time that L3 leukemia has been shown to be associated with a primary abnormality
      of chromosome 1. The implications of these findings relative to the development
      of B-cell ALL and the role of chromosome 1 in human neoplasia is discussed.

PMID- 6573843
TI  - Effects of gemfibrozil on serum lipids.
AB  - A two-part, multicenter study to assess the clinical efficacy, side effects, and
      safety of gemfibrozil in 427 patients over treatment durations of up to 13 months
      showed that this drug markedly reduces the level of serum triglycerides, while
      moderately lowering total serum cholesterol levels. The high-density lipoprotein
      cholesterol level was substantially increased, with concomitant decreases in low
      density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The drug
      was generally well tolerated. However, a potential for increasing blood glucose
      levels was noted and careful monitoring during therapy is recommended.

PMID- 6573844
TI  - An examination of dental crowding and its relationship to tooth size and arch
      dimension.
AB  - This investigation was undertaken to examine the extent to which tooth size and
      jaw size each contribute to dental crowding. Two groups of dental casts were
      selected on the basis of dental crowding. One group, consisting of 50 pairs of
      dental casts (18 males and 32 females), exhibited gross dental crowding. A second
      group, consisting of 54 pairs of dental casts (24 males and 30 females),
      exhibited little or no crowding. Means and standard deviations of the following
      parameters were used to compare the two groups: individual and collective
      mesiodistal tooth diameters, dental arch perimeters, and buccal and lingual
      dental arch widths. Statistically, the crowded and noncrowded groups could not be
      distinguished from each other on the basis of mesiodistal tooth diameters.
      However, significant differences were observed between the dental arch dimensions
      of the two groups. The crowded group was found to have smaller dental arch
      dimensions than the noncrowded group. The results of this study suggest that
      consideration be given to those treatment techniques which increase dental arch
      length rather than reduce tooth mass.

PMID- 6573845
TI  - On the use of nomograms to determine the elastic property ratios of orthodontic
      arch wires.
AB  - With an 0.012 inch stainless steel arch wire as the base line, a series of
      calculating charts which express the strength, stiffness, and range ratios of
      orthodontic arch wires is introduced. In each case, both the bending and the
      torsional stress states are computed over a broad range of wire sizes. Three
      distinct situations are addressed: the over-all spectrum of elastic property
      ratios among stainless steel, nickel-titanium, and beta titanium wires; the intra
      and interproperty relationships of these wire compositions; and the role which
      elastic property ratios play in the selection of the right arch wire. Via these
      nomograms, clinicians will have another means available by which the plethora of
      wire compositions and cross sections may be assessed.

PMID- 6573846
TI  - The analysis of errors in orthodontic measurements.
AB  - The sources of error in cephalometric measurement and their analyses are
      discussed. The importance of distinguishing bias and random errors is emphasized,
      and methods of control are discussed. Randomization of record measurement is one
      of the most important methods of avoiding bias, but it is rarely undertaken in
      cephalometric studies. Random errors are particularly important in the evaluation
      of individual radiographs, and a measurement that has a high error in relation to
      its total variability will be of little value in clinical assessment. In serial
      studies of facial change, the error variance is always a major part of the total
      variance and thus results have to be interpreted with caution. In cross-sectional
      studies it is not possible to specify exactly the acceptable limits of random
      errors, because this will depend on the difference between groups that would be
      of interest and on the number of cases. The judicious replication of measurements
      can be important in the control of random errors. In many papers, adequate error
      evaluation and control is lacking. In these circumstances, the results are of
      limited value because it is not possible to tell whether an apparent effect is
      the result of bias in measurement or whether a real effect is being obscured by
      random errors. It is incumbent on authors to consider how their measurement
      errors should affect the interpretation of results.

PMID- 6573847
TI  - Effect of maxillary osteotomy on subsequent craniofacial growth in adolescent
      monkeys.
AB  - LeFort I osteotomy was performed on seven adolescent Macaca fascicularis monkeys
      to study its effect on the subsequent dentocraniofacial growth. Eight adolescent
      monkeys were used as controls. Tantalum implants were inserted at predetermined
      areas in certain craniofacial bones of all monkeys. For stereometric
      cephalometry, implants were placed in both the left and right sides of the facial
      bones. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of all monkeys were taken prior to and
      immediately after metallic implant placement, immediately after maxillary
      osteotomy, and thereafter every 4 weeks during the postsurgical period. At least
      two cephalograms were taken on each occasion, one with the teeth in occlusion and
      the other with mouth wide open. The latter was used to view the mandibular
      condyle adequately. These findings suggest that the maxillary osteotomy did
      disturb the vertical growth of the maxilla at the PNS and retarded the horizontal
      growth at the premaxilla. The anterior growth of the maxilla and mandible and the
      vertical growth of the face were substantially reduced. The most interesting
      finding was also a reduction of the mandibular growth in all of its dimensions.
      The rate and the amount of reduced anterior mandibular growth were found to be
      coordinated with the anterior maxillary growth which resulted in all animals
      showing a normal overjet, overbite, and occlusion throughout the postsurgical
      observation period.

PMID- 6573848
TI  - Surgical orthodontics and the temporomandibular joint. I. Superior repositioning
      of the maxilla.
AB  - Ten randomly selected adults who had undergone orthodontic treatment and isolated
      superior repositioning of the maxilla for vertical maxillary excess (VME) were
      evaluated clinically and radiographically (mean, 48.7 months postsurgery) for
      signs and symptoms of masticatory and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. The
      patients ranged from 18 years to 37 years of age (mean, 26.2 years) when
      evaluated. A three-part evaluation of the subjects was performed. This consisted
      of an anamnestic evaluation (previous medical history), a clinical examination,
      and a radiographic evaluation. The anamnestic evaluation revealed that, prior to
      surgery, facial pain was reported by one patient and was not present in any of
      the patients upon follow-up examination. We believed that the pain was not
      related to the masticatory musculature and/or the temporomandibular joint. No
      patients reported pain or sounds in their joints preoperatively, while 30 percent
      (3/10) of the patients related a history of temporomandibular joint sounds
      immediately after release of intermaxillary fixation, which subsequently was
      reported to have resolved in all instances without treatment. Clinical
      examination of the temporomandibular joints at the time of recall evaluated
      mandibular movements and the presence of pain or sounds during joint function.
      These examinations revealed that clinical measures of mandibular movements were
      somewhat reduced relative to normal. All patients were free of temporomandibular
      joint and masticatory muscle pain during function, upon contralateral masticatory
      loading, and upon palpation. Fifteen percent (3/20) of the joints examined
      demonstrated sounds (popping or crepitation) via auscultation. Masticatory
      loading in the contralateral premolar region did not induce noise in any of the
      joints examined. Cephalometric laminagraphic radiographs were obtained of each of
      the twenty temporomandibular joints with the mandible in three positions; maximum
      intercuspation, mandibular rest position, and maximal opening. Numerous anatomic
      relations were quantified from these radiographs. However, only three parameters
      (condylar position, movement, and evidence of arthrosis) were compared to
      normative data available in the literature. These comparative data suggested that
      persons who had undergone orthodontic treatment in conjunction with superior
      maxillary repositioning demonstrated (1) a relatively retropositional condyle
      within the fossa and (2) reduced condylar movement during maximal mandibular
      opening. Two of twenty temporomandibular joints demonstrated radiographic
      evidence of arthrosis; one condyle demonstrated articular surface erosions, and
      another exhibited articular surface sclerosis. The overall incidence of arthrosis
      was not much greater than normal, with 20 percent (4/20) of the joints
      demonstrating a reduced interarticular joint space. Overall, the clinical
      findings revealed a low incidence of pathologic masticatory muscle and
      temporomandibular joint symptoms and signs compared to normative data in the
      literature...

PMID- 6573849
TI  - Surgical orthodontics and the temporomandibular joint. II. Mandibular advancement
      via modified sagittal split ramus osteotomies.

PMID- 6573850
TI  - Influence of tooth-to-denture-base discrepancy on space closure following
      premature loss of deciduous teeth.
AB  - Influence of tooth-to-denture-base discrepancy on so-called physiologic migration
      of the first molar was studied on serial dental casts of 116 boys and girls,
      obtained through a dental health program for school children in an area in which
      there was no dentist. The alteration of spaces following premature loss of
      deciduous molars was examined comparing the anterior to posterior discrepancies
      between tooth and denture base. Modes of space alteration showed positive
      correlation with the size of the discrepancy, especially in the mandibular dental
      arches. The space deficiency in the posterior region seemed to have a positive
      effect on the mesial migration of the first molar. Mesial migration of the first
      molar seems to be pathologic rather than physiologic and is strongly affected by
      tooth-to-denture-base discrepancies. Space maintenance does not seem to be
      useful, because it is not necessary in minimum discrepancy cases and is not
      effective in severe discrepancy cases.

PMID- 6573851
TI  - An endodontic-orthodontic technique for esthetic stabilization of externally
      resorbed teeth.
AB  - Previous studies reveal that external root resorption is often coincident with
      orthodontic therapy. Some investigators have reported that root resorption ceases
      when orthodontic therapy is terminated. However, this is not always the case. The
      purpose of this article is to present an 11-year history of an unusual case in
      which root-resorptive processes continued for 3 years after orthodontic treatment
      had been discontinued. The article also describes and discusses a combined
      endodontic-orthodontic approach to halt external root resorption and stabilize
      mobile maxillary anterior teeth. Calcium hydroxide therapy was instituted to
      inhibit inflammatory apical root resorption. A rectangular orthodontic wire was
      adapted and inserted intracoronally to splint the teeth esthetically. The
      advantages and disadvantages of this intracoronal splinting technique are
      compared with other extracoronal splinting methods. Examination of one-year
      recall radiographs suggested inhibition of the root resorption. Masticatory
      function was restored for the patient. Considerations for monitoring patients
      with this problem are discussed.

PMID- 6573852
TI  - "The relation between nasorespiratory function and dentofacial morphology".

PMID- 6573853
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the stomach during modifications of acid
      secretion.
AB  - Acute stimulation of gastric acid secretion as well as intragastric instillation
      of physiological concentrations and volumes of HCl caused marked changes in the
      appearance of surface epithelial cells of the stomach. These changes could
      represent a damage of the gastric surface epithelial cells of the stomach.
      Pretreatment with the histamine H2-receptor-blocking drug cimetidine tended to
      reduce this damage, although the difference was not significant. In contrast, it
      was completely abolished by an analogue of prostaglandin E2. These observations
      suggest that gastric epithelial cells may be damaged under physiological
      conditions and that quick repair is needed to prevent ulceration of the gastric
      mucosa. Alternatively, endogenous release of prostaglandin under certain
      undefined conditions could prevent this damage.

PMID- 6573854
TI  - Tourette's syndrome and ethology.

PMID- 6573855
TI  - Preliminary investigation of bulimia and life adjustment.
AB  - Despite the reported increase in the incidence of bulimia, little is known about
      the life adjustment of bulimic patients. The authors surveyed 80 women who met
      the DSM-III criteria for bulimia regarding their adjustment in the areas of work,
      social and leisure activities, relationship with extended family, role as spouse,
      role as parent, and membership in the family unit. The life adjustment of the
      bulimic sample was significantly poorer in all areas than that of a normal
      community sample and was most similar to that of a comparison group of alcoholic
      women.

PMID- 6573856
TI  - A genetic marker associated with infantile autism.

PMID- 6573857
TI  - Surgical emphysema resulting from a ventilator malfunction.

PMID- 6573858
TI  - Mechanical ventilation with air-oxygen mixtures during total intravenous
      anaesthesia. An evaluation of the Penlon Nuffield Series 400 ventilator.
AB  - Mechanical ventilation with air-oxygen mixtures during total intravenous
      anaesthesia is discussed with the associated problem of obtaining a medically
      suitable source of air in British rooms. Independently powered ventilators
      capable of entraining filtered room air were thought to be the best solution. The
      Penlon Nuffield Series 400 ventilator was modified and assessed for use in this
      mode. An entrainment adapter and circuit was devised which allowed the ventilator
      to entrain more than sufficient ambient air, premixed with added oxygen for
      patient ventilation even under adverse conditions. The entrainment system ensured
      good mixing of the entrained air and oxygen and allowed accurate determination of
      oxygen concentration in the patient system using a suitable nomogram and without
      an oxygen analyser. An assessment of one-way patient valves was also undertaken.
      The Laerdal valve was found to be the most suitable for use with the system
      described.

PMID- 6573859
TI  - A new anaesthetic breathing system combining Mapleson A, D and E principles. A
      simple apparatus for low flow universal use without carbon dioxide absorption.
AB  - A new simple anaesthetic breathing system is described which has been designed to
      incorporate into a single system advantages of Mapleson A, D and E type systems.
      Coaxial and non-coaxial versions are available. The system can be used for
      adults, children or neonates and allows both spontaneous or controlled
      ventilation with low fresh gas flows at all times. As a Mapleson A system for
      spontaneous respiration a considerable saving of anaesthetic gases and vapours is
      achieved since, for adults, the new system requires a lower fresh gas flow even
      than that for the Magill. For children breathing spontaneously the system
      requires only one third of the fresh gas flow necessary for the Jackson Rees
      modification of Ayre's T-piece. For controlled ventilation the system behaves as
      a modified Mapleson D/E (Bain type) system with the advantage of predictable CO2
      tensions and good humidification. The system is safe, simple in design and
      operation, and is easily sterilized. Further it offers low resistance to
      expiration and facilitates scavenging at all times which, with low anaesthetic
      gas flows, permits complete theatre pollution control. Its potential application
      in academic and rural environments and major advantages over the circle absorber
      system are discussed.

PMID- 6573860
TI  - The ion-pair extraction, purification, and liquid chromatographic analysis of
      indolealkylamines in human urine.
AB  - A highly efficient ion-pair extraction technique for the isolation of tryptamine,
      5-hydroxytryptamine, and their mono- and N,N-dimethylated derivatives from
      aqueous media is described. The technique has been used to isolate nanogram
      quantities of both N, N-dimethyltryptamine and 5-hydroxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine
      from large volumes of urine. A rapid and efficient normal-phase liquid
      chromatographic procedure has also been developed for the subsequent purification
      of indolealkylamines isolated from urine. The methods described have been used in
      the measurement of the urinary excretion of 5-hydroxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine.
      Analyses were performed by liquid chromatography using a cation-exchange column
      with online fluorescence detection. Further characterization was achieved by stop
      flow spectroscopic analysis of the LC eluant.

PMID- 6573861
TI  - Front panel cover for Frazer-Harlake ventilator.

PMID- 6573862
TI  - Incisor width ratio. An aid in evaluation of interarch tooth width harmony in the
      mixed dentition.

PMID- 6573863
TI  - The effect of lower second molar extraction on late lower arch crowding.

PMID- 6573864
TI  - Clinical application of the Frankel appliance. Case reports.

PMID- 6573865
TI  - Biologically effective units of force.

PMID- 6573866
TI  - Pulmonary uptake of gallium-67 in asbestos-exposed humans and sheep.
AB  - To evaluate the 67Ga lung uptake as an indicator of inflammatory activity in
      asbestosis, we obtained 67Ga lung scans in 58 long-term asbestos workers. The
      67Ga localized excessively in the lungs of 17 of the 21 workers with asbestosis.
      Among workers without sufficient criteria for the diagnosis of asbestosis, the
      67Ga scan index was significantly increased in 43% (16 of 37). Among the 16 with
      positive 67Ga scan, abnormal pressure-volume curve and/or gas exchange data were
      found in 87%, whereas in the 21 workers with negative 67Ga scan, similar
      abnormalities were found in only 29%. In the sheep model of the disease,
      bronchoalveolar analysis after 67Ga scan demonstrated that the excessive uptake
      of 67Ga in asbestosis is caused by enhanced serum protein leakage and macrophage
      accumulation in the lung. Thus, 67Ga scanning in asbestos workers may be a useful
      indicator of early lung damage.

PMID- 6573867
TI  - Cytogenetic and clinical assessment of six patients with erythroleukemia.
AB  - We report the detailed karyotypic analysis and clinical features of six patients
      with erythroleukemia (EL). Five of six patients studied displayed substantial
      numeric and structural chromosome abnormalities. The most common alterations in
      these patients were monosomy for chromosome 7 and 16. All five patients
      displaying chromosomal abnormalities presented with 100 percent abnormal
      metaphases in their bone marrow at the time of initial diagnosis. The remaining
      patient was studied only during remission and had a normal diploid karyotype in
      all marrow cells analyzed. No patient in this study had either a Ph1 -chromosome
      (characteristic of CML), or translocations of chromosome #8-#21 (characteristic
      of AML-M2). Clinically, all but one patient had a brief history; the exception
      having had polycythemia rubra vera for 18 years prior to the onset of EL. All
      patients were treated with current Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) protocols
      using cytosine arabinoside and anthracycline combinations. Three of five patients
      entered complete remission. However, remission durations were short
      (approximately six months) and median survival just over one year. Cytogenetic
      analysis of three patients in hematologic remission revealed persistence of
      chromosomal alterations. It is suggested that such remissions be reclassified as
      partial rather than complete based upon the cytogenetic information.

PMID- 6573868
TI  - Influence of a new relapse treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) on in vitro
      granulopoiesis.
AB  - Twelve AML patients in relapse were treated with cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), VP
      16-213, vincristine, and vinblastine (A-triple-V). For bone marrow (BM)
      evaluation, in vitro granulopoiesis by agar and liquid cultures was investigated.
      In 15 treatments, 12 complete remissions (CR) were observed. Three patients,
      treated with 2 A-triple-V cycles achieved CR twice. One to four months after
      treatment normal colony formation and cell differentiation was found in remission
      patients. Evidence of sustained recovery was obtained in sequential studies of BM
      cultures of patients in CR. These results indicate that-A-triple-V treatment does
      not irreversibly deplete normal myeloid progenitor cell population.

PMID- 6573869
TI  - Antimycoplasmal activity of ofloxacin (DL-8280).
AB  - Ofloxacin (DL-8280; (+/-)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1- pipera
      zinyl)-7-oxo-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid) showed a
      broader spectrum and a greater potency of antimycoplasmal activity than did
      pipemidic acid, norfloxacin, tetracyclines, and lincomycin, but was inferior to
      erythromycin. Its mycoplasmacidal potency against clinical isolates of Mycoplasma
      pneumoniae was also greater than that of other quinolones and tetracyclines.

PMID- 6573870
TI  - Soybean nodule xanthine dehydrogenase: a kinetic study.
AB  - Xanthine dehydrogenase was purified from soybean nodules and the kinetic
      properties were studied at pH 7.5. Km values of 5.0 +/- 0.6 and 12.5 +/- 2.5
      microM were obtained for xanthine and NAD+, respectively. The pattern of
      substrate dependence suggested a Ping-Pong mechanism. Reaction with hypoxanthine
      gave Km's of 52 +/- 3 and 20 +/- 2.5 microM for hypoxanthine and NAD+,
      respectively. The Vmax for this reaction was twice that for the xanthine
      dependent reaction. The pH dependence of Vmax gave a pKa of 7.6 +/- 0.1 for
      either xanthine or hypoxanthine oxidation. In addition the Km for xanthine had a
      pKa of 7.5 consistent with the protonated form of xanthine being the true
      substrate. Km for hypoxanthine varied only 2.5-fold between pH 6 and 10.7.
      Product inhibition studies were carried out with urate and NADH. Both products
      gave mixed inhibition with respect to both substrates. Xanthine dehydrogenase was
      able to use APAD+ as an electron acceptor for xanthine oxidation, with a Km at pH
      7.5 of 21.2 +/- 2.5 microM and Vmax the same as that obtained with NAD+.
      Reduction of APAD+ by NADH was also catalyzed by xanthine dehydrogenase with a Km
      of 102 +/- 15 microM; Vmax was approximately 2.5 times that for the xanthine
      dependent reaction, and was independent of pH between 6 and 9. Reaction with
      group-specific reagents indicated the possibility of an essential histidyl group.
      A thiol-modifying reagent did not cause inactivation of the enzyme. A role for
      the histidyl side chain in catalysis is proposed.

PMID- 6573871
TI  - Height and lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - Two hundred and thirty six children with untreated lymphoblastic leukaemia were
      compared for height with the normal population by calculation of their mean
      standard deviation score. As a group, they proved to be significantly taller (P
      less than 0.0001), which gives support to the theory that growth hormone or a
      somatomedin may be involved in the development of the disease.

PMID- 6573872
TI  - Histocompatibility antigens in psoriasis, psoriatic arthropathy, and ankylosing
      spondylitis.
AB  - Patients with ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and psoriasis alone
      were typed for HLA A, B, Cw, and DR antigens, and the antigen frequencies were
      compared with those in a normal control population and in patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with psoriasis had a significantly raised
      frequency of Cw6. Those with arthritis in addition to their psoriasis also had
      raised frequencies of B27 and DR7. Patients with ankylosing spondylitis were
      characterised by the expected high frequency of HLA B27. Again, those with
      peripheral arthritis had a higher B27 and DR7 frequency than those without. DR3
      is associated with the development of erosions in psoriatic arthritis.

PMID- 6573873
TI  - Effects of prostaglandins E1, E2, and F2 alpha on N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase
      activities of human synovial cells in culture.
AB  - The acid hydrolase N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) was used to examine the
      effects of prostaglandins E1 (PGE1), E2 (PGE2), and F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) on the
      lysosomal system of human synovial cells in vitro. A spontaneous release of the
      enzyme occurred from control cultures, which was accelerated by each of the
      prostaglandins in a concentration-dependent manner, within the range of 10(-8)
      10(-6) moles per litre (M). No clear order of potency could be established. The
      effects of the prostaglandins on release of NAG were less consistent and of
      smaller magnitude when human serum was replaced by bovine serum albumin in the
      medium. In the presence of serum small increases also occurred in intracellular
      NAG activity, but only the effect of PGE1 was statistically significant. The
      prostaglandins did not appreciably affect the previously established pattern of
      increased intracellular activity of NAG and reduced release produced by sucrose.

PMID- 6573874
TI  - Genetic engineering and the clinician.

PMID- 6573875
TI  - 7-Alpha-hydroxytestosterone in seminiferous tubules of rat testis.
AB  - Production of 4-androstene-7 alpha,17 beta-diol-3-one (7 alpha
      hydroxytestosterone) from testosterone was measured in seminiferous tubule and
      interstitial fractions of rat testis. In adults, specific activity of the 7 alpha
      hydroxylase was about 10 times higher in interstitial cells than in seminiferous
      tubules, but tubule production was a significant portion of the total.
      Seminiferous tubule 7 alpha-hydroxylase was not detectable in weanlings. Also, we
      confirmed that 7 alpha-hydroxytestosterone inhibits the activity of the 5 alpha
      reductase and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase active on testosterone and
      suggest a role in maturational changes.

PMID- 6573876
TI  - Late-onset Mcardle's disease with unusual electromyographic findings.
AB  - Symptoms of McArdle's disease (muscle phosphorylase deficiency) commonly begin in
      childhood or adolescence. Late onset of the disease is rare. We describe a 76
      year-old man whose symptoms began at age 74 years with sudden onset of proximal
      muscle weakness and fatigability. Electromyography disclosed substantial
      spontaneous activity and myopathic features as seen in inflammatory muscle
      disease. The diagnosis of McArdle's disease was made by histochemical studies of
      muscle, an abnormal ischemic lactate test, and absence of myophosphorylase
      activity.

PMID- 6573877
TI  - Joint distribution of lipoprotein cholesterol classes. The Framingham study.
AB  - During the period 1971 to 1975, the cholesterol content of lipoprotein density
      classes were measured in 2415 male and female Framingham Heart Study participants
      and 4342 of their offspring and offspring spouses who were free of coronary heart
      disease. In this first of three papers, the univariate and bivariate
      distributions of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein
      cholesterol, and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol are presented. There
      are differences in the levels of lipoprotein cholesterols by age, gender, and use
      of hormone preparations. The bivariate cross-tabulations of the three pairs of
      lipoprotein cholesterol measurements exhibit properties that cannot be
      appreciated from univariate summary statistics and suggest the importance of
      joint consideration of different lipoprotein cholesterol patterns for assessing
      the risk of coronary heart disease.

PMID- 6573878
TI  - Factors associated with lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The Framingham study.
AB  - Lipoprotein cholesterol determinations in 6328 individuals aged 20 to 79 years in
      the Framingham Heart Study Cohort and Offspring were related by multiple
      regression analysis to reported cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, and Quetelet
      Index (wt/ht2). Cigarette smoking was found to be strongly associated with
      "atherogenic" lipoprotein cholesterol profiles in young adults, and particularly
      in women. The associations for alcohol intake were mostly uniform across age
      groups and lipoprotein cholesterol fractions, while coefficients for Quetelet
      Index varied considerably. Blood chemistry associations were studied in
      participants under 50 years, after controlling for smoking, Quetelet Index, and
      alcohol intake. Significant associations for high density lipoprotein cholesterol
      (HDL-C) were seen for both sexes with alkaline phosphatase, serum calcium, serum
      u ric acid, and leucocyte count. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)
      associations were observed with calcium, hematocrit, lactate dehydrogenase, and
      leucocyte count in men and women, while very low density lipoprotein cholesterol
      (VLDL-C) associations occurred with alkaline phosphatase, glucose, uric acid, and
      leucocyte count in both sexes. A 1 mg/dl higher calcium corresponded to an HDL-C
      approximately 4 mg/dl greater and a LDL-C typically 6 mg/dl greater after
      controlling for 12 other variables. A 1000/ml increase in leucocyte count was
      typically associated with a decrease in HDL-C by 1 mg/dl and an increase in LDL-C
      and VLDL-C of 1 mg/dl each.

PMID- 6573879
TI  - Indolealkylamine and phenalkylamine hallucinogens. Effect of alpha-methyl and N
      methyl substituents on behavioral activity.
AB  - Animals (rats), trained to discriminate the hallucinogenic agent 1-(2,5-dimethoxy
      4-methylphenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOM) from saline in a two-lever operant
      procedure, were challenged with various doses of several indolealkylamine and
      phenalkylamine derivatives. In both series, the alpha-methyl analogs were found
      to be more active than either their N-methyl or alpha-demethyl counterparts.
      Furthermore, when the activities of the optical isomers of DOM were compared with
      the activities of S-(+) and R-(-)-alpha-methyltryptamine (alpha-MeT), it was
      found that the more potent isomer of alpha-MeT (i.e. S) possessed the opposite
      absolute configuration of the more potent isomer of DOM (i.e. R). With respect to
      the mechanism of action of these agents, these findings are not inconsistent with
      a common site hypothesis.

PMID- 6573880
TI  - Chronic lithium chloride infusions: conditioned suppression of food intake and
      preference.
AB  - A modified learned food aversion paradigm simulated the prolonged food and
      illness exposure likely to characterize nutrient deficiencies or tumor growth. In
      this paradigm, a continuously available food was associated with a slow,
      continuous infusion of LiCl provided by osmotic minipump. Significant aversions
      were acquired when the available diet was novel but not when it was familiar.
      Effects of drug infusions on daily food intake were found to parallel those on
      aversion formation. Marked, persistent suppression of food intake was seen in
      drug-treated animals consuming a novel diet, but only transient declines were
      seen in those with a familiar diet. By separating the direct from the conditioned
      effects on food intake of chronic drug infusions, these studies provided strong
      evidence that learned food aversions can lead to anorexia.

PMID- 6573881
TI  - [Effects of dopaminergic drugs on the concentrations of PGE2 and PGF2alpha in
      various brain regions].
AB  - It has long been shown by Biggio and Guidotti that multisynaptic nigro-cerebellar
      pathway of dopaminergic origin can control cerebellar cyclic
      guanosinmonophosphate (cGMP) content, a good index of the activity of Purkinje
      cells. In this line, it has been reported that haloperidol and sulpiride,
      significantly decrease cerebellar cGMP content while opposite changes are
      observed with apomorphine. In an attempt to establish whether other cerebellar
      cGMP-related parameters may be influenced by dopamine drugs. Authors have
      investigated the effects of haloperidol, sulpiride and apomorphine on cerebellar
      PGE2 and PGF2alpha. Results obtained indicate that haloperidol and sulpiride
      significantly reduce cerebellar PGE2 and PGF2alpha content while opposite changes
      are induced by apomorphine. Similar results have been observed in substantia
      nigra but not in other brain regions, such as corpus striatum and medial basal
      hypothalamus. The possibility that the observed changes in cerebellar PG-content
      may result from the modulation of striatal dopamine receptors is discussed.

PMID- 6573882
TI  - [Congenital and metabolic myopathies].

PMID- 6573883
TI  - Administration of local anaesthetics via the periodontal membrane.

PMID- 6573884
TI  - Cleaning silver-tin amalgam alloy.

PMID- 6573885
TI  - A modification for self-threading dentine pins.

PMID- 6573886
TI  - The geographical distribution of recently qualified dental graduates.

PMID- 6573887
TI  - Caries experience in 11-year-old school girls between 1962 and 1981. A
      radiological study.

PMID- 6573889
TI  - Identification of a burnt body from dental evidence.

PMID- 6573888
TI  - Immediate closure of oro-antral communications with a collagen implant. A
      preliminary report.

PMID- 6573890
TI  - Role of the consultant restorative dentist in the general hospital service.

PMID- 6573891
TI  - The antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis.

PMID- 6573892
TI  - Occlusion and restorative dentistry for the general practitioner.

PMID- 6573893
TI  - Administration of local anaesthetics via the periodontal membrane.

PMID- 6573894
TI  - Frequency of accidental intravascular injection of local anaesthetics in
      children.

PMID- 6573895
TI  - Complications of automated root canal treatment.

PMID- 6573896
TI  - Porcelain lower cheek teeth.

PMID- 6573897
TI  - Abnormal skeletal and dental growth in epileptic children.

PMID- 6573898
TI  - Variation among dentists in planning treatment.

PMID- 6573899
TI  - Patients complaining of a burning mouth. Further experience in clinical
      assessment and management.

PMID- 6573900
TI  - Pathogenesis of abnormal midline spacing of human central incisors. A
      histological study of the involvement of the labial frenum.

PMID- 6573901
TI  - A survey of endodontics in general practice in England.

PMID- 6573902
TI  - A synopsis of the project to evaluate the use of a Braille text and tactile aids
      when teaching dental health to blind children.

PMID- 6573903
TI  - Sulphate conjugation of p-hydroxytriamterene by platelet phenol
      sulphotransferase: assay conditions and correlation with metabolism in man.
AB  - 1 Sulphate conjugation catalyzed by phenol sulphotransferase (PST) is an
      important pathway in the metabolism of many drugs including triamterene.
      Variations in PST activity in an easily obtained tissue such as the platelet
      might reflect individual differences in the sulphate conjugation in other organs
      and tissues. Human platelets contain at least two forms of PST, a thermolabile
      (TL) form for which dopamine is a substrate and a thermostable (TS) form for
      which low concentrations of p-nitrophenol serve as a substrate. 2 p-OH
      triamterene, the major metabolite of triamterene, is conjugated with sulphate in
      vivo. p-OH-triamterene was a substrate for platelet PST with an apparent
      Michaelis-Menten value of 26 microM. Thermal stability studies indicated that p
      OH-triamterene was a substrate for only the TS form of platelet PST. 3 When
      platelet homogenates from 29 individual subjects were tested, there was a
      significant correlation between PST activities measured with 4 microM p
      nitrophenol and with p-OH-triamterene (r = 0.985, P less than 0.0001) but not
      between activities measured with dopamine and with p-OH-triamterene (r = 0.023, P
      greater than 0.2). These results confirmed that p-OH-triamterene was a substrate
      for only the TS form of human platelet PST. 4 The same 29 subjects were treated
      with 1 mg/kg of triamterene orally. 24-h urinary excretions of triamterene, p-OH
      triamterene and p-OH-triamterene sulphate averaged 15.3%, 6.3% and 78.4%,
      respectively, of the total of triamterene plus measured metabolites excreted. The
      excretion of triamterene plus the two metabolites averaged 43.1 +/- 2.6% (mean +/
      s.e. mean) of the ingested dose. There was not a significant correlation between
      the proportion of p-OH-triamterene excreted as sulphate conjugate and the
      activities of either the TS or TL forms of platelet PST activity.

PMID- 6573904
TI  - Human platelet phenolsulphotransferase M and P: substrate specificities and
      correlation with in vivo sulphoconjugation of paracetamol and salicylamide.
AB  - Human platelet phenolsulphotransferase exists in two functional forms. M and P.
      In this study the substrate specificity of the two forms has been further
      delineated by correlating activities in different individuals with various
      substrates. m-Tyramine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine, p
      hydroxyamphetamine, isoprenaline, salbutamol and l-naphthol were all specific
      substrates for the M form of the enzyme. Paracetamol, a mixed substrate, was
      predominantly metabolized by the M form. Salicylamide at 5 microM was a substrate
      for the P form but became and M substrate at higher concentration. Phenol itself,
      a specific substrate for phenolsulphotransferase P at 10 microM, also became an M
      substrate at 1 mM concentration. These substrate specificities were confirmed
      with the selective inhibitor, dichloronitrophenol. In this study, we measured
      phenolsulphotransferase activity in platelets from 13 individuals selected on the
      basis of their wide variation in ability to sulphoconjugate paracetamol and
      salicylamide in vivo. There was no significant relationship between the in vivo
      pattern with either drug and the activity of platelet phenolsulphotransferase
      assayed with paracetamol or salicylamide respectively.

PMID- 6573905
TI  - Incidence of childhood leukaemia in The Netherlands (1973-1980).
AB  - The childhood leukaemia incidence rate for the Netherlands was estimated at 3.11
      per 100.000 children (aged 0-15 year) per year, based on a complete nation-wide
      childhood leukaemia registry comprising the period 1973-1980. Acute lymphocytic
      leukaemia (ALL) accounted for 82.4% of the patients, acute non-lymphocytic
      leukaemia for 13.6% and chronic myeloid leukaemia for 2.9%. ALL occurred more
      frequently in boys (sex ratio 1.2). The highest ALL rate was observed in the 3-4
      year age group. These figures corresponded with the data of the Manchester
      Children's Tumour Registry. Neither the incidence rates according to year of
      diagnosis nor the incidence rates according to year of birth showed a significant
      trend with time. The total leukaemia incidence rate in urban areas was somewhat
      higher than in rural areas. While the direct comparison of the incidence rate
      between these areas is not significant, the trend over the three categories of
      urbanisation is significant.

PMID- 6573906
TI  - Distribution of 4'epi-doxorubicin in human tissues.

PMID- 6573907
TI  - Synergistic killing of human leukaemic lymphoblasts by glucocorticoids and
      cytosine arabinoside.
AB  - Previous work has shown that the lethal effects of glucocorticoids on the human
      lymphoblastoid cell line, CEM-C7, are antagonized by the simultaneous presence of
      1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C). A possible cell cycle mechanism
      prompted further studies using flow microfluorimetry. We now report that (1) Ara
      C (10-100 nM) blocks cells in S-phase and (2) the block is reversible after the
      drug is removed. A second treatment protocol, in which glucocorticoid is added to
      cells recovering from the effects of 24 h exposure to Ara-C, results in a clear
      synergism between the 2 drugs. This synergism is observed over a range of
      concentrations (5-100 nM), but is most significant at low doses, where inhibition
      of cell growth by Ara-C occurs but cell killing is minimal. Prior treatment with
      Ara-C increases the number of cells killed in the presence of steroid during the
      period 12-24 h after removal of the S-phase block. Combinations of Ara-C and
      steroid can thus be either synergistic or antagonistic, depending on the drug
      scheduling.

PMID- 6573908
TI  - Human natural killing against ovarian carcinoma.
AB  - Natural killing (NK) by lymphocytes from normal individuals against primary and
      established ovarian carcinoma cell lines was tested in short-term chromium
      release assays. Two established cell lines and 5/6 primary cell lines tested
      showed significant susceptibility to NK. Primary cell lines are, in general, less
      sensitive to NK than long-term cultured target cells. A common NK recognition
      determinant on ovarian carcinoma cells and on the erythroleukaemic K562 cells was
      demonstrated by cold target inhibition assays. The recognition structure was also
      present on an ovarian cell line resistant to NK but not on the insensitive
      leukaemic cell line, SB. The activity against ovarian carcinoma cells was
      associated with the presence of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) previously shown
      to be the major effector cells against K562 targets. In fractions obtained by
      Percoll gradient centrifugation of lymphocytes, only fractions with a high
      content of LGL demonstrated good NK activity. LGL mediated NK against both non
      adherent K562 and the adherent ovarian carcinoma target cells independent of
      monocytes.

PMID- 6573909
TI  - A new method for the determination of steroid sulphatase activity in leukocytes
      in X-linked recessive ichthyosis.
AB  - The diagnosis of X-linked ichthyosis can now be reliably established by using a
      non-radioactive method to detect steroid sulphatase deficiency in leukocytes.
      This new method yields the same results with leukocytes as with cultured
      fibroblasts. The second type of microsomal arylsulphatase previously described in
      cultured fibroblasts is also present in leukocytes.

PMID- 6573910
TI  - Hypercalcaemia complicating acute myelogenous leukaemia: a syndrome of multiple
      aetiologies.
AB  - Hypercalcaemia complicating acute myelogenous leukaemia is a rare but well
      recognized phenomenon. In most cases the pathogenetic mechanism causing the
      hypercalcaemia remains poorly understood. We recently studied in detail two
      patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia who developed hypercalcaemia during the
      course of their illness. The results of these studies conclusively excluded
      primary hyperparathyroidism or ectopic parathyroid hormone production as causes
      of the patients' hypercalcaemia. In vitro studies carried out on short-term
      suspension cultures of one patient's peripheral blood blast cells demonstrated
      production of a factor with potent bone resorbing activity, distinct from
      parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Further characterization
      of the bone resorbing factor suggested that it bore some similarity to osteoclast
      activating factor (OAF). Hypercalcaemia in the other case appeared to be due to a
      combination of skeletal invasion by malignant cells, and to ectopic secretion of
      an unidentified humoral factor with bone resorbing activity. These two cases
      demonstrate that the hypercalcaemia complicating acute myelogenous leukaemia may
      be due to a variety of mechanisms distinct from parathyroid hormone production.

PMID- 6573911
TI  - A hidden Philadelphia chromosome.

PMID- 6573912
TI  - Basophil differentiation in Ph-positive blast cell leukemia.

PMID- 6573913
TI  - Characterization of the erythropoietic precursors (BFU-E) in a patient with
      juvenile chronic myelogenous leukaemia by the analysis of G gamma and A gamma
      globin chains.
AB  - In order to investigate the pathogenesis of juvenile chronic myelogenous
      leukaemia (J-CML) we examined the biosynthetic rates of G gamma and A gamma
      globin chains in the erythropoietic bursts from the bone marrow of a patient with
      J-CML. Globin chains were labelled with 14C-labelled amino acids, separated by
      isoelectric focusing and quantitated by fluorography. The synthesis of gamma
      chains in the erythropoietic bursts comprised 89.0% of the total non-alpha
      chains. The G gamma:A gamma ratio was 0.67, which is within the ratios obtained
      in newborns. Furthermore, individual erythropoietic bursts contained varying
      ratios of both gamma and beta chains and all revealed more G gamma than A gamma
      chain synthesis. The relative proportions of G gamma and total gamma chain
      biosynthesis in 62 separate erythropoietic bursts were 0.69 +/- 0.06 and 0.86 +/-
      0.06, respectively. Cumulative frequency distributions of individual bursts
      differing in the ratios of gamma/(gamma + beta) and G gamma/(G gamma + A gamma)
      approached normal frequency distributions. These results suggest that the levels
      of Hb F in J-CML are controlled by qualitative changes in a single population of
      erythropoietic precursors, in which normal switching of the G gamma:A gamma ratio
      has not occurred, rather than by the abnormal proliferation of an F-cell clone.

PMID- 6573914
TI  - Responsiveness to sepharose protein A from Staphylococcus aureus of lymphoid
      cells in a case of prolymphocytic leukaemia.

PMID- 6573915
TI  - Myeloid lymphoid node infiltration preceding acute myeloid leukaemia in a case of
      myelodysplastic syndrome.

PMID- 6573916
TI  - Absence of a factor blocking a cellular cytotoxicity reaction in the serum of
      women with recurrent abortions.
AB  - The serum of pregnant women contains a non-specific immunosuppressive factor able
      to block an in vitro cellular cytotoxicity reaction. This activity increases
      during the first trimester and persists for 3 months after delivery. The factor
      is active in dilution. Ten women who had recurrent abortions were typed for HLA
      antigens and were found to share several antigens with their husband. In all
      these women, the 'blocking factor' was absent from their serum. The absence of
      the 'blocking factor' could be used as a clinical test to predict spontaneous
      abortion.

PMID- 6573917
TI  - Long-term stability after treatment with removable appliances.
AB  - The long-term stability of 34 cases treated by one operator in general dental
      practice with removable appliances was investigated using clinical, model and
      radiographic data. The cases were divided into three groups; Class I, Class II
      and Class III, and were ranked according to the stability and type of result
      obtained. The results indicated that good interdigitation of teeth was an
      important factor in stability.

PMID- 6573918
TI  - The consistency of cephalometric assessments using the Ortho Grid.
AB  - This study was performed to compare the assessments of certain widely used angles
      made by conventional tracing with those made by McEwen and Martin's Ortho Grid.
      For clinical purposes the Ortho Grid is as reliable as the tracing method. Some
      grid measurements were consistently different from those made by tracing.

PMID- 6573919
TI  - A method of pre-surgical oral orthopaedics.

PMID- 6573920
TI  - On-line digitizing: useful mathematical techniques.
AB  - A mathematical and computational approach to some of the common problems found in
      writing digitizing programs for cephalometric analysis is described. The paper is
      aimed at those with access to a microcomputer and digitizer, some knowledge of
      the BASIC computer language and simple mathematics but little experience of
      writing digitizing programs.

PMID- 6573921
TI  - The way forward for British orthodontics--a personal view.

PMID- 6573922
TI  - The rate of spontaneous closure at the site of extracted mandibular first
      premolars.

PMID- 6573923
TI  - Kinetic study of the interaction between ribulosebisphosphate
      carboxylase/oxygenase and inorganic fluoride.
AB  - The effect of inorganic fluoride on the reactions catalyzed by
      ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase has been characterized with the fully
      activated enzyme. Fluoride inhibits both reactions, and the concentration
      required to inhibit the activity of the magnesium-activated enzyme 50% is 2 mM
      when reactions are carried out at pH 8.3. Inhibition is strongly pH dependent
      with an apparent pKa of 8.8. The inhibition kinetics were studied. It was found
      that inhibition is mixed but close to noncompetitive with respect to CO2 and
      uncompetitive with respect to ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate. The mechanism of
      interaction between fluoride and the enzyme is discussed, and a model is proposed
      in which fluoride interferes with the reactions by displacing a catalytically
      important ligand, probably a water molecule, from the activator metal.

PMID- 6573924
TI  - Developmental pattern, tissue distribution, and subcellular distribution of
      cysteine: alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase and 3-mercaptopyruvate
      sulfurtransferase activities in the rat.
AB  - The tissue distribution, the subcellular distribution in liver, and the
      developmental patterns of cysteine:alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase (CAT) and
      3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST) activities were determined in rats of
      the Sprague-Dawley strain. CAT activity was highest in heart and liver, whereas
      MPST activity was highest in liver and kidney. CAT activity was located primarily
      in the mitochondrial fraction with a low level of activity in all other
      fractions. MPST activity was located in both the mitochondrial and cytosolic
      fractions. The specific activity of CAT and MPST generally increased in rat
      liver, heart, and kidney during the developmental period from 18 days of
      gestation to 26 days after birth. Peak CAT-specific activity occurred at about 4
      days of age and peak MPST activity occurred at about 21 days of age; peak
      activity of both CAT and MPST exceeded the adult specific activities. The
      distribution and developmental pattern of hydrogen sulfide production from
      cysteine, catalyzed by the coupled activities of CAT and MPST, was similar to
      those of CAT activity.

PMID- 6573925
TI  - Environmental stress alters the developmental pattern of delta 5-3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in Leydig cells of fetal rats: a
      quantitative cytochemical study.
AB  - Quantitative cytochemistry was used to determine the effect of subjecting
      pregnant rats to environmental stress on the activity of delta 5-3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD) in Leydig cells of their fetuses.
      Enzyme activity was measured by microspectrophotometry in individual Leydig cells
      in cryostat sections of fetal testes on Days 16-21 postconception. Fetuses of
      stressed mothers lacked the peak of enzyme activity on Days 18 and 19 of
      gestation that is characteristic of Leydig cells of normal fetuses at this time.
      In addition, both before and after these 2 days, 3 beta-HSD activity in Leydig
      cells of stressed fetuses was significantly higher than normal. The altered
      developmental pattern of 3 beta-HSD activity in the stressed fetuses largely
      corresponds to the changes in plasma testosterone found previously in male
      fetuses of mothers exposed to the same regimen of stress. Thus, in the fetal
      Leydig cell, the activity of 3 beta-HSD, a key steroidogenic enzyme, can be
      modified by environmental stress, and provides an index of steroidogenic activity
      of the fetal testes and of the titers of circulating testosterone.

PMID- 6573926
TI  - Improved methods of analysis for CD data applied to single-strand stacking.

PMID- 6573927
TI  - Comparison of radioimmunological determinations with gas chromatography mass
      spectrometry dosage. A study of PGE2 and PGF2alpha in gastrointestinal fluids.
AB  - The reliability of radioimmunoassays for determination of PGE2 and PGF2alpha in
      gastrointestinal fluids was checked by two gas chromatographic mass spectrometric
      methods. Analyses were performed on samples of gastric juice from dogs and man
      (healthy volunteers), jejunal fluids from patients with celiac disease, mucous
      discharge from a villous adenoma of rectum, and bathing solutions from the Ussing
      chamber containing human jejunal mucosa. The radioimmunoassays included
      extraction and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography as a preliminary purification before
      quantification was carried out. Gas chromatographic mass spectrometric analysis
      of PGE2 was performed by monitoring the molecular ion of the trimethylsilyl ether
      of PGB2 methyl ester, m/z 420 and m/z 424 for the protium and the deuterium form,
      respectively, while PGF2alpha was quantified as the triacetyl derivative of the
      methyl ester, using the ion pair (M-3x60) i.e. m/z 314 and m/z 318. Recovery of
      immunoreactive PGE2 relative to gas chromatographic mass spectrometric dosage was
      85.5% + / - 6.5 (mean + / - SEM; n=13), while the amount of PGF2alpha in the same
      sample volume was at the borderline of sensitivity for the gas chromatographic
      mass spectrometric method used, with a recovery of 114% + / - 19 (mean + / - SEM;
      n=4).

PMID- 6573928
TI  - [Experimental therapy of acute kidney failure with prostenon, a Soviet
      prostaglandin E2].
AB  - It has been shown in experimental acute renal failure that intraarterial and
      intravenous injection of prostaglandin E2 (prostenon) recovers glomerular
      filtration and tubular reabsoption, i. e. completely eliminates acute renal
      failure.

PMID- 6573929
TI  - Problem? What problem? (A generic presentation).

PMID- 6573930
TI  - Alginate: the versatile impression material.

PMID- 6573931
TI  - Family history study of anorexia nervosa and bulimia.

PMID- 6573932
TI  - Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the knee: examples of normal anatomy and
      pathology.
AB  - Nuclear magnetic resonance images of the knee were obtained from three normal
      volunteers and from two patients. The pathology included an osteosarcoma of the
      distal femur and a fracture of the tibia. Steady State Free Precession (SSFP)
      techniques were used with a 0.15 Tesla resistive type magnet. Normal anatomy was
      well displayed and the size of the osteosarcoma was accurately predicted. Using
      SSFP techniques, the blood in the knee joint was not visualised, but the
      underlying tibial fracture was clearly outlined.

PMID- 6573933
TI  - Catecholamine histofluorescence in the paraventricular hypothalamus of rats made
      hyperphagic by parasagittal knife cuts.
AB  - Histochemical fluorescence microscopy has been used to study changes over a 15
      week period in the density of catecholaminergic (CA) varicosities in medial
      hypothalamic nuclei of rats made hyperphagic by bilateral perifornical
      parasagittal knife cuts. The average daily intake of food was highest when
      measured two days after the knife cuts. By the 7th post-cut day, daily food
      intake was comparable to that measured during the 10th and 11th weeks after the
      cuts. The number of fluorescent varicosities in the paraventricular and
      periventricular hypothalamic nuclei diminished steadily after the knife cuts
      until they were virtually absent by the end of the fourth week. This process then
      reversed itself so that by the end of the 15th week the varicosities in these
      nuclei numbered just over 50% of presurgical values. Thus, there was an apparent
      lack of correspondence between increases in ingestive behavior or body weight and
      the nature of the CA innervation of the medial hypothalamus. This finding
      supports previously published work which indicates that the noradrenergic control
      of feeding behavior in the medial hypothalamus is mediated by a neural system
      that acts independently of the system responsible for the knife cut-induced
      hyperphagic response.

PMID- 6573934
TI  - Dental hygiene positions in Canada, 1979. Part 2: Compensation and fringe
      benefits.

PMID- 6573935
TI  - On management styles and the dentist-hygienist work relationship.

PMID- 6573936
TI  - Enzymatic sulfation of steroids. XVIII. study of the specific estradiol-17 beta
      sulfotransferase of rat liver cytosol, that converts the estrogen to its 3
      sulfate, and some elements of the endocrine control of its production.
AB  - A radioisotopic assay for cytoplasmic estradiol-17 beta sulfotransferase activity
      in rat liver was developed. Routine enzyme assays used 120 microM [3H]estradiol
      17 beta, 240 microM 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate, and enzyme samples
      containing up to 0.60 mg of cytosol protein. Livers from males and females
      sulfated 934 +/- 231 and 861 +/- 266 nmol estradiol-17 beta . h-1 . g-1. DEAE
      Sephadex A-50 chromatography showed that most of the cytoplasmic enzyme activity
      eluted as one peak that was well separated from glucocorticoid and 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid sulfotransferases. Pooled column fractions containing this
      estradiol-17 beta sulfotransferase exhibited kinetic properties similar to the
      enzyme activity in cytosol, but gave slightly greater activity with 180 microM
      estradiol-17 beta and 360 microM 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. Apparent
      Km's for the steroid and the coenzyme were 71-85 and 80-93 microM, respectively.
      The pH optimum for the enzyme reaction was 7.75 +/- 0.25. The enzyme sulfated
      estradiol-17 beta at all concentrations tested between 10 and 180 microM. It did
      not sulfate estrone, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, or cortisol well at
      any test concentration between 10 and 120 microM. The sulfation product was estra
      1,3,5-triene-17 beta-ol-3-sulfate. The molecular weight of the enzyme was 54 500
      +/- 2300 by Sephadex G-100 chromatography. The estradiol-17 beta sulfotransferase
      was inhibited strongly by phenols, but not by corticosterone,
      deoxycorticosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, estrone, progesterone, or
      testosterone. Adrenalectomy diminished the estradiol-17 beta sulfotransferase
      activity greatly, owing to decreases of the specific estradiol-17 beta
      sulfotransferase concentration. The possible relationships between the specific
      estradiol-17 beta sulfotransferase and other sulfotransferases in rat liver are
      discussed.

PMID- 6573937
TI  - Tourette's syndrome and anophthalmia in a girl: complex differential diagnosis.
AB  - This is a report of a 15 year old girl with anophthalmia who met the DSM-III
      criteria for Tourette's Syndrome (TS). The case presented a complex differential
      diagnosis with previous diagnoses of behaviour disorder and schizophrenia,
      complicated by the issues of blindness, pharmacological, and environmental
      factors. Once the diagnosis was made, and due to intricate biopsychosocial
      interactions, a comprehensive treatment approach was adopted with good results.
      The authors comment on the non-existence of studies about the incidence of TS in
      blind children and recommend the discrimination between the motor behaviour of
      the tic disorder versus mannerisms associated with blindness. Thus a reasonable
      degree of suspicion is warranted in the treatment of blind children with severe
      behavioural disturbances.

PMID- 6573938
TI  - Acute leukemic infiltration of the prostate. Successful treatment with radiation.
AB  - Infiltration of the prostate by acute granulocytic leukemia can cause diagnostic
      and therapeutic difficulties. After stabilization of hematologic findings, the
      diagnosis can be made safely by needle biopsy of the prostate. The prostate may
      be one of the so-called sanctuary areas where chemotherapy does not affect the
      leukemic infiltrate. This process may be a source of reactivation of leukemia in
      patients who had achieved a hematologic remission. This report describes a
      patient who had successful eradication of acute myelomonocytic leukemia from the
      prostate by radiation therapy while in hematologic remission. Better surveillance
      for leukemic infiltrate of the prostate is needed, including needle biopsy when
      appropriate. Radiation may be an effective therapy for this manifestation of
      leukemia.

PMID- 6573939
TI  - Osteosarcoma of the jaw.
AB  - The records of 66 patients with osteosarcoma of the jaw were reviewed. The ages
      of the 42 males and 24 females ranged from 12 to 79 years (mean, 34.2 years).
      Swelling and pain, the most frequent presenting complaints, were noted an average
      of three months before the patient was seen by a physician. Fifty-one percent of
      the lesions involved the maxilla and 49% involved the mandible. The most common
      sites of involvement were the body of the mandible and the alveolar ridge of the
      maxilla. Radiologically, most of the lesions in the maxilla were osteoblastic
      (50%), whereas most of those in the mandible were osteolytic (43%).
      Chondroblastic osteosarcoma was the most frequent histologic type (48%) and was
      associated with the best survival rate (47%). Treatment included radical and
      local surgery with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or various combinations. The
      recurrence rate for all treatment modalities was 70%. Patients treated by initial
      radical surgery had the best survival (80%). Survival decreased to 27% with local
      surgery. Of the 43 (65%) patients who died, most died with uncontrolled local
      disease; only four patients had documented distant metastasis, which involved
      lung, cervical lymph nodes, spinal column, and brain.

PMID- 6573940
TI  - Long-term survival in adolescent and adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Among 164 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (age greater than 11
      years) induced into complete remission at four hospitals in Italy and The
      Netherlands between 1971-1977, 49 survived for more than three years in
      continuous complete remission. Features at diagnosis of the 49 long-term
      survivors were compared with those of the parent group. The long-term survivors
      presented with significantly lower leukocyte counts and were slightly younger.
      Late relapses occurred in nine patients after 37-91 months from remission. Of the
      45 patients who had all treatment stopped after 24-60 months of continuous
      remission, seven have relapsed. Relapses, mainly in the marrow, occurred 4-32
      months after cessation of therapy, the risk of relapse being greatest in the
      first year and dropping to zero by the fourth year. ALL appears curable in
      approximately one fifth of adolescents and adults entering complete remission
      with adequate chemotherapy.

PMID- 6573941
TI  - LSA2-L2 protocol treatment of stage IV non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children with
      partial and extensive bone marrow involvement.
AB  - Forty-one previously untreated children with Stage IV non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were
      studied from January 1971 to April 1979. All patients had bulky disease
      histologically proven to be non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with bone marrow involvement.
      They were separated into two groups according to the extent of bone marrow
      involvement. Group IVA included 14 patients with 25% or less lymphoblasts in the
      bone marrow. Group IVB included 27 patients with more than 25% blasts in the
      marrow. Their clinical characteristics with regard to age, sex, hemogram,
      histology, primary site, and blast morphology are compared. All were treated with
      the LSA2-L2 protocol with radiation therapy to one or more bulky sites of
      involvement. The disease-free actuarial survival for Group IVA was 64% with a
      median observation time of 49 months while that for Group IVB was 65% with a
      median observation time of 66 months. There was no statistical difference in the
      survival rates between the two groups. Hence, we conclude that the extent of bone
      marrow involvement does not affect the prognosis in Stage IV non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma. It appears that radiation therapy may have contributed to the improved
      survival in our series. Furthermore, a subset of patients in Group IVB (24/27)
      who could be considered as high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia on the basis of
      age, initial leukocyte count, hemoglobin, mediastinal mass or T- or B-cell
      markers showed an improved survival (73% versus 43%) when compared to patients
      treated with conventional leukemia regimens.

PMID- 6573942
TI  - Hepatic failure secondary to indicine N-oxide toxicity. A Pediatric Oncology
      Group Study.
AB  - Indicine N-oxide, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid, was given to a five-year-old boy with
      refractory acute myelocytic leukemia. Three days after receiving the drug the
      patient developed signs and symptoms of acute hepatic failure. The patient died
      nine days after receiving the drug and an autopsy showed massive hepatic
      necrosis. The acute hepatic failure observed in this patient may have been
      secondary to indicine N-oxide toxicity.

PMID- 6573943
TI  - Serum-controlled membrane dynamic changes in growing human leukemia and lymphoma
      cells.
AB  - The relationship between membrane dynamics and cell growth in human leukemia
      lymphoma cell lines of B, T or nonB-nonT phenotype was studied by fluorescence
      polarization (P) with the probe diphenylhexatriene. Cyclic variations in the
      degree of P were found as a function of time after subculture. The P value
      decreases within three hours, until a minimal value obtained before the phase of
      logarithmic growth. Then, P increases up to its presubculture value. The extent
      of these variations is not correlated to the differentiation phenotype of the
      cell lines, nor to their pathologic origin. Experiments with dialyzed or not
      depleted medium, show that these changes are seen only in the presence of fresh
      serum. Moreover, the P values vary with the ratio of serum concentration to cell
      number. These P value modulations are related to subsequent variations in
      proliferation rate, except in the immature non B-non T REH cells, which grow
      independently on the serum to cell ratio. It is concluded that changes in the
      dynamic organization of membrane components are specific for each cell line and
      are controlled by serum factors.

PMID- 6573944
TI  - Characteristics of hematin uptake in malignant, embryonic and normal cells.
AB  - The characteristics of hematin uptake were examined in three malignant cell lines
      [L1210 leukemia, 745 murine erythroleukemia (MEL) and Walker carcinoma (W256)], a
      cell line derived from normal rat liver (BRL-3A) and a normal embryonic cell,
      chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF). Uptake in the normal liver cell line was slight
      and occurred at a slow rate in contrast to the rapid uptake, which was more rapid
      and of greater magnitude in the three tumor cell lines, Saturation of the heme
      uptake mechanism was observed in MEL cells at an extra-cellular hematin
      concentration of 160 micro M and in L1210 cells at 300 micro M. At saturation
      L1210 cells achieved a cellular heme concentration nine times as high as MEL
      cells. Hematin uptake in MEL cells was markedly augmented by pretreatment with
      DMSO, procaine, detergent or proteolytic enzymes or by increases in the pH of the
      medium from 8 to 9.5. In contrast to MEL cells where SA inhibits growth by
      lowering cellular heme, the inhibition of growth of L1210 cells by SA appears to
      operate by a mechanism independent of heme. In gradual increase in hematin uptake
      capacity in MEL cells over a period of days. Afer exposure of MEL cells to a high
      concentration of hematin in the medium, the egress of heme was followed under
      various conditions. Of the various agents studied, only cyanide produced a loss
      of heme from MEL cells.

PMID- 6573945
TI  - Extreme hypodiploidy in a case of myelomonocytic crisis of chronic myelogenous
      leukemia.
AB  - Two cytogenetically distinct populations of marrow cells were observed in a 28
      year-old woman who developed a fulminant blastic crisis (BC) of chronic
      myelogenous leukemia (CML) after only 1 year in the chronic phase: one population
      with 35-36 chromosomes, the other showing 66-72 chromosomes. Cytochemical
      investigation demonstrated a myelomonocytic type of BC. Chromosome banding and
      correlation analysis of the mean karyotypes of the two populations showed that a
      close relationship existed between them, indicating that one population had
      developed from the other. The cytogenetic evidence suggests but does not prove
      that the cells with triploid chromosome numbers developed from the extremely
      hypodiploid population by duplication of the chromosome complement. The extreme
      cytogenetic diversity of both populations indicates that each was undergoing
      further cytogenetic evolution.

PMID- 6573946
TI  - The heterogeneity of the 5q--chromosome marker in refractory anemia.
AB  - A patient presenting with an unusual case of refactory anemia is described in
      whom acquired markers originating from chromosomes No. 5 and 8 are identified by
      G- and sequential C-banding. Comparison with various published illustrations of
      chromosome No. 5 deletions in this general broad category of disease raises the
      possibility that karyotypic misclassification in cases of absent or substandard
      banding (typical of bone marrow) may help to explain the considerable variation
      in size and morphology of the 5q--marker.

PMID- 6573947
TI  - Cytogenetic characterization of ten cases of Ph1-positive acute myelogenous
      leukemia.
AB  - Chromosome banding analyses were made on 10 cases of Ph1-positive AML (7 M1 and 3
      M2). The standard type Ph1 translocation, t(9q +;22q -), was identified in all of
      them. Karyotypically normal cells were observed in 6-65% of bone marrow
      metaphases at the initial cytogenetic examination of 7 patients, whereas the
      remaining 3 patients had only Ph1-positive cells at diagnosis. Follow-up studies
      performed in 5 cases indicated that the frequency of karyotypically normal cells
      increased up to 81-100% when the patients were in remission, whereas it was much
      reduced in relapse. In 5 cases, there was observed a clone of cells in which the
      Ph1 translocation was the sole karyotypic abnormality. Various types of other
      chromosome abnormalities, in addition to the Ph1, were observed in all cases,
      among which-7 was the most frequent, being found in three cases as a stem line.
      Other additional changes encountered were + Ph1, del(5), i(17q), - 10, + 18, + X,
      and various numerical and structural changes including certain secondary
      translocations that occurred in the Ph1 (22q -) or its partner (9q +). The types
      and frequencies of these additional changes appeared to be different from those
      found in the acute phase of CML or in Ph1-positive ALL.

PMID- 6573948
TI  - Cytogenetic findings in congenital leukemia: case report and review of the
      literature.
AB  - The cytogenetic findings in a five-week-old female infant with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are reported. Markers 11q - and 19 + were observed
      and considered to be due to an interstitial deletion of segment 11q13 to 11q23 of
      chromosome #11 and an insertion of this segment into the terminal region of the
      short arm of #19. Previously published banded cases of leukemic infants under one
      year of age have been summarized. A review of the data in these 29 cases suggests
      that the appearance of a normal karyotype in acute leukemia of infants (less than
      or equal to 1 year old) is much less common than in other categories of acute
      leukemia. Fourteen out of 29 cases (48%) had chromosomal abnormalities involving
      11q. Seven of eight ALL cases had aberrations with a breakpoint at 11q22-23; six
      cases had t(4;11), one case had a del(11q) and ins(19p), and another had a
      t(1;22;4). All of three AMMoL cases had translocations involving the long arm of
      #11. The percentage of patients with t(4;11) and certain translocations involving
      11q in infants with ALL or AMMoL, respectively, is higher than that seen in ALL
      and AMMoL in general. Eleven out of 12 cases (92%) of infant acute leukemias with
      chromosomal abnormalities involving 11q22-23 were five months old or less.

PMID- 6573949
TI  - Two cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia with variant translocations: the
      importance of chromosome No. 17 abnormality.
AB  - Two patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) were found to have
      chromosomal translocations in their leukemic cells; one had a
      46,XX,t(7;17)(q36;q22) and another a 46,XY,t(1;17)(p36;q21) karyotype. These two
      cases of APL seem to be the first involving variant translocations instead of the
      standard t(15q+; 17q-) translocation. The present cases strongly suggest that the
      rearrangement of chromosome #17, which occurs in bands of the q21-22 region of
      the long arm, is crucially important in the pathogenesis of APL.

PMID- 6573950
TI  - Decreased [20-3H]phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate binding to phospholipase C pretreated
      epidermal cells.
AB  - Incubation of mouse epidermal cells (HEL-37) with phospholipase C (Clostridium
      perfringens) caused about a 50% decrease in the specific binding of [20
      3H]phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate. Phospholipase C caused a decrease in the apparent
      number of binding sites from 2.86 X 10(5) to 1.21 X 10(5) per cell with little
      effect on ligand affinity. The decrease was observed with purified phospholipase
      containing no detectable protease activity, and when cells were fixed with
      glutaraldehyde. The phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate binding capacity of treated cells
      was recovered within 4 h incubation in complete medium. The results suggest that
      not all phorbol ester binding sites are equivalent, with differences arising
      either from varying phospholipid requirements or from membrane localisation.

PMID- 6573951
TI  - Evaluation of some anthracycline antibiotics in an in vivo model for studying
      drug-induced human leukemia cell differentiation.
AB  - Human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) were induced to undergo terminal
      differentiation by treatment in vivo with marcellomycin. This was accomplished by
      cloning HL-60 cells in 0.3% agar in diffusion chambers, which were subsequently
      implanted in the peritoneal cavities of mice. These animals were given injections
      i.v. with anthracycline antibiotics, and the chambers were transferred to a
      second recipient 24 hr later. After an additional 8 days, the chambers were
      removed, the cloning efficiency was determined, and colonies were scored for the
      presence of differentiated cells based on their ability to reduce nitro blue
      tetrazolium (NBT). Marcellomycin produced dose-dependent decreases in cloning
      efficiency and increases in the number of differentiated cells present in
      chambers. At all dose levels of marcellomycin tested, three types of colonies
      were observed; these were colonies consisting entirely of undifferentiated cells
      and approximately equal numbers of colonies consisting of solely differentiated
      cells and those with mixtures of both differentiated and undifferentiated cells.
      An 8-fold increase in colonies containing differentiated cells (both pure and
      mixed) was observed after a single injection of marcellomycin (10 mg/kg), a dose
      which reduced cloning efficiency by 40%. At that dosage level, aclacinomycin A
      also induced differentiation, while doxorubicin was ineffective, a finding
      consistent with the effects of these anthracyclines on HL-60 cells in suspension
      culture. In addition to the functional changes accompanying differentiation,
      commitment was characterized by a limitation in proliferative potential. Thus,
      the average size of uniform NBT-positive colonies was approximately 16 cells, and
      few clones of NBT-positive cells greater than 32 cells in number were observed;
      this contrasted with NBT-negative clones which contained up to 100 cells. This
      finding suggests that HL-60 cells undergo an average of four and a maximum of
      five divisions upon commitment to granulocytic differentiation. The in vivo
      system described may be useful in further evaluation of differentiation-inducing
      agents for therapeutic potential after an initial in vitro screen to identify
      active compounds.

PMID- 6573952
TI  - Cell surface membrane protein changes during the differentiation of cultured
      human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.
AB  - The human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 was induced to differentiate in
      vitro by treatment with dimethyl sulfoxide or retinoic acid. Morphological
      maturation was accompanied by a total loss of transferrin binding and a 7-fold
      increase in the percentage of cells reducing nitro blue tetrazolium. Cell surface
      membrane proteins and glycoproteins were labeled with 125I by the lactoperoxidase
      H2O2 or 1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-3 alpha, 6 alpha-diphenylglycoluril (Iodo-Gen)
      methods and analyzed by two-dimensional isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl
      sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. A minimum of 12
      cell surface proteins were unchanged, 3 proteins (Mr 95,000, 87,000, and 77,000)
      were lost, and up to 7 new proteins (Mr 270,000, 240,000, 150,000, 135,000,
      58,000, 56,000, and 50,000) appeared during HL-60 cell differentiation. The
      kinetics of disappearance of one major labeled cell surface protein (Mr 95,000)
      within two days during treatment with retinoic acid correlated with the loss of
      cellular transferrin binding. This protein was identified as the transferrin
      receptor by affinity absorption of extracts of 125I-surface protein-labeled cells
      to transferrin-Sepharose beads. The affinity-purified component had molecular
      weights of 190,000 and 95,000 under nonreducing and reducing conditions,
      respectively, confirming its dimeric structure. Two-dimensional electrophoresis
      of cell surface membrane-labeled proteins of normal human granulocytes confirmed
      the absence of the transferrin receptor and identified cell surface proteins with
      molecular weight and pI values corresponding to three of the new cell surface
      proteins which appeared during HL-60 maturation. The most intensely labeled of
      these had a molecular weight of about 55,000, and was confirmed as being
      identical to the corresponding Mr 58,000 HL-60 cell surface membrane protein by
      one-dimensional peptide-mapping analysis. This prominent new Mr 55,000 to 58,000
      protein increased continuously throughout retinoic acid-induced maturation and
      was identified as a major terminal myeloid differentiation cell surface membrane
      protein.

PMID- 6573953
TI  - Activity of SC33428, a novel bishydrazone-bridged derivative of 4
      demethoxydaunorubicin, against experimental tumors in mice.
AB  - SC33428, a novel bishydrazone-bridged analogue of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin, has
      been tested for antitumor activity in a range of experimental mouse tumor systems
      and has been found to be active when administered i.p., i.v., or p.o. When
      compared to Adriamycin, SC33428 was 4 times more potent and had antitumor
      activity which was superior against i.p. or i.v. L1210 leukemia, similar against
      i.p. P388 leukemia and i.v. Lewis lung carcinoma, and inferior against i.p. B16
      melanoma. When compared to 4-demethoxydaunorubicin, SC33428 was 4 times less
      potent but a much more effective antitumor agent when given i.p. against i.p.
      L1210, P388, and B16 tumors. However, when given i.v. or p.o., the two compounds
      had similar potency and efficacy against systemic P388 and L1210 leukemias.

PMID- 6573954
TI  - Long-term and dependent growth of human leukemic blast cells with granulocyte
      macrophage differentiation in vitro.
AB  - A clonal growth of leukemic cells from the bone marrow of a patient with acute
      myeloid leukemia was observed in vitro for more than 20 months. Cytochemical and
      electron microscopic studies of the cells growing in vitro demonstrated that they
      were blast cells, differentiated granulocytes, and macrophages. They showed
      complete dependence on granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for
      colony formation in agar. In addition to the presence of granulocytic colonies,
      some showed granulocyte-macrophage characteristics, suggesting that bipotential
      cells were also involved in long-term growth. Initially, they showed localized
      proliferation on or around giant fibroblast-like cells. Even after constant
      growth was established, attempts to transfer these cells were unsuccessful, and
      their growth was confined to the original flasks. These observations seen to
      indicate that their growth was not autonomous but dependent on the adherent cells
      in the flasks. This was also supported by a coculture experiment in which the
      cells were demonstrated to proliferate for 4 months only in the presence of
      normal bone marrow particles and bone marrow particle-derived feeder layers.
      These results suggest that, in some cases, long-term growth of leukemic cells can
      be induced in vitro by the cocultivation of bone marrow stromal cells.

PMID- 6573956
TI  - Phase II clinical evaluation of 4'-epi-doxorubicin.
AB  - 4'-Epi-doxorubicin (4'e-Dx) was used as a single agent in a broad phase II study
      involving a variety of advanced metastatic tumors. A total of 115 patients were
      treated, of whom 93 were evaluable. The dosage was 75 mg/m2/cycle repeated every
      21 days, with a maximal cumulative dose of 550 mg/m2. Nine responses were
      achieved in a total of 28 patients with breast cancer (32%). The response rate
      was 54% in breast cancer patients receiving 4'e-Dx as first-line treatment, 25%
      in patients previously given chemotherapy without doxorubicin, and 11% in
      patients previously given chemotherapy with doxorubicin. Some therapeutic
      activity was also detected in endometrial carcinoma, epidermoid carcinoma of the
      cervix, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, melanoma, and skin epidermoid tumor, but the
      number of patients entered in the study with these various tumors was too limited
      to allow any statement on efficacy of 4'e-Dx. No treatment schedule with 4'e-Dx
      had to be interrupted because of toxicity. In a total of 373 evaluable cycles,
      only three acute reversible ECG abnormalities were recorded. In 16 of 109
      evaluable patients there was some minor or moderate alteration of one or more of
      the three major blood cell parameters following 4'e-Dx therapy, requiring a
      postponement of the next cycle by less than or equal to 10 days.

PMID- 6573955
TI  - Sensitivity of bone marrow hematopoietic colony-forming cells from mice, dogs,
      and humans to carminomycin, marcellomycin, aclacinomycin A, and N,N
      dibenzyldaunorubicin and its relationship to clinical toxicity.
AB  - The sensitivity of bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells to 4
      anthracyclines, carminomycin, marcellomycin, aclacinomycin A, and N,N
      dibenzyldaunorubicin, was studied using the agar diffusion chamber technique
      which allows exposure of target cells to drug metabolized by the chamber-bearing
      host after i.v. injection. Colony-forming cells from mice, dogs, and humans were
      all found to have exponential dose-response curves for the agents studied, with
      variation of the slopes between species and agents. Species sensitivities as
      determined by the assay related well to the available toxicological and clinical
      data for specific drugs. The rank order of sensitivity of human marrow colony
      forming cells to five anthracyclines tested in this and a previous study related
      very closely to doses producing moderate leukopenia in Phase I and II clinical
      studies. A dose of 200 mg/sq m of N,N-dibenzyldaunorubicin would be expected to
      produce moderate leukopenia in future clinical trials. This assay may be useful
      in predicting human bone marrow toxicity of new agents before actual clinical
      trial because of the ability to study the survival of human colony-forming cells
      directly.

PMID- 6573957
TI  - Negative-ion chemical-ionization mass spectrometry of aclarubicin analogs and
      characterization of two metabolites in man.
AB  - Aclarubicin and seven analogs have been characterized by negative-ion chemical
      ionization mass spectrometry. The method is highly sensitive (requires 1-10 ng)
      because of the stable semiquinone radical anions that are produced by resonance
      electron capture of thermal electrons. Ions in the spectra correspond to the
      intact molecule (M), M-H2O, aglycone, aglycone-O, and aglycone-2H2O. In addition,
      ions corresponding to the sequential loss of carbohydrate groups are exhibited in
      the spectra of compounds with di- and tri-saccharides. Two aclarubicin analogs
      were isolated from a patient's plasma and were found to be bisanhydroaklavinone,
      F, and one or both of the epimeric reduction products of the L-cinerulose
      carbonyl, M1 and N1.

PMID- 6573958
TI  - Daunorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone for remission induction in patients
      with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in relapse.
AB  - Patients with recurrent acute lymphoblastic leukemia were treated with
      daunorubicin (40 mg/m2/week X 4), vincristine (1.5 mg/m2/week X 4), and
      prednisone (40 mg/m2/day x 28). All of the patients had been treated with the
      same combination during the first induction treatment. Of 266 patients (221
      children and 45 adults) treated in first relapse, 141 (53%) achieved complete
      remission (CR; 55% of the children and 44% of the adults). Of 61 patients who
      were re-treated with the same combination after the second relapse, 14 (23%)
      achieved CR. The difference between second and third CR was statistically
      significant (P less than 0.0005). The median durations of second and third CR
      were 8 and 6 weeks, respectively. No significant difference was observed when the
      duration of CR was compared with the initial wbc count, age at diagnosis, or
      duration of first CR.

PMID- 6573959
TI  - Combination of vindesine and prednisone in malignant lymphoma and acute leukemia.
AB  - Nineteen patients with advanced refractory lymphoma and 12 patients with acute
      leukemia, including seven in blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia
      (CML), were treated with vindesine in combination with prednisone. Of 16
      evaluable patients with lymphocytic or histiocytic lymphoma, one achieved
      complete remission (6%) and eight achieved partial remissions (50%). Median
      duration of response was 12 weeks (range, 4-72+). Four of six evaluable patients
      in blastic crisis of CML showed definite improvement in blood cell counts and
      symptoms. The major dose-limiting toxic effect was bone marrow suppression, while
      neurotoxicity was seldom cause for dose modification. The study shows vindesine
      and prednisone to be active in heavily pretreated patients with non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma and blastic phase of CML.

PMID- 6573960
TI  - Influence of fluoride in solution on tooth demineralization. I. Chemical data.

PMID- 6573961
TI  - Effect of carbonate and fluoride on the dissolution behaviour of synthetic
      apatites.

PMID- 6573962
TI  - Calcium release from powdered enamel and synthetic apatite after pretreatment
      with various low molecular weight organic acids.

PMID- 6573963
TI  - Effect of surface-active agents on fluoride-enamel interactions. I.

PMID- 6573964
TI  - Binding of polyphosphates and phosphonates to hydroxyapatite, subsequent
      hydrolysis, phosphate exchange and effects on demineralization, mineralization
      and microcrystal aggregation.

PMID- 6573965
TI  - Abrasion of enamel. I. An in vitro investigation.

PMID- 6573966
TI  - Inhibiting effect of aqueous extracts of eight Nigerian chewing sticks on
      bacterial properties favouring plaque formation.

PMID- 6573967
TI  - Fluoride content and calcium release from enamel, in relation to rat caries
      following the application of fluoride varnishes.

PMID- 6573968
TI  - Effect of systemic titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) on fluoride uptake by developing
      rat enamel.

PMID- 6573969
TI  - Fluoride ingestion with fluoridated domestic salt under Swedish dietary
      conditions.

PMID- 6573971
TI  - Clinical photography for the discerning dentist.

PMID- 6573970
TI  - Characterization of the population of phagocytic cells in thymic cell
      suspensions. A morphological and cytochemical study.
AB  - Rat thymic phagocytic cells were characterized in vitro using various light- and
      electron-microscopical techniques. Thymic cell suspensions were mechanically
      prepared and enriched for non-lymphoid cells, which were predominantly phagocytic
      and of three types. Type I showed acid phosphatase (APh) activity in small
      granules dispersed throughout the cytoplasm and were mostly Ia antigen-positive,
      although the Ia membrane label varied in intensity and distribution among
      individual cells. Only a few cells had endogenous peroxidase activity. The type-I
      cells could not be clearly distinguished morphologically from type-II or -III
      cells, and most likely comprise precursors of both these cell types. Type-II were
      large pale cells with many slender cell processes. These cells had APh activity
      centrally positioned, were strongly positive for Ia on the cell membrane and were
      negative for endogenous peroxidase. The cytoplasm frequently contained Birbeck
      granules, which unequivocally classifies these cells as the in vitro equivalent
      of the interdigitating cells present in the medullary area of the thymus in situ.
      Type-III cells were rounded with a smooth or ruffled cell membrane and contained
      vacuoles and many phagolysosomes. They were strongly positive for APh which was
      present throughout the cytoplasm. About 50% of these cells were positive for
      endogenous peroxidase in a pattern resembling resident macrophages. The cells
      were negative for Ia antigens. Type-III cells mostly likely represent the
      macrophages found in the cortical area of the thymus.

PMID- 6573972
TI  - The suppressive effect of peritoneal exudate macrophages on production of
      antibody to sheep erythrocytes in vitro.
AB  - The effects of peritoneal exudate macrophages on antibody response to sheep
      erythrocytes (SRBC) were investigated in mice. Peritoneal exudate macrophages
      obtained from mice injected intraperitoneally with proteose peptone or
      Corynebacterium parvum 4 days earlier had stronger ability to phagocytize and
      degrade SRBC than normal resident macrophages. These macrophages suppressed
      antibody formation to SRBC in vitro as well as in vivo. This suppression was
      overridden by increasing the amount of SRBC and diminished completely by
      pretreatment of the macrophages with iodoacetate and partly by pretreatment with
      2-deoxyglucose, both known to be inhibitors of phagocytosis, but not by addition
      of indomethacin to the in vitro culture. These results suggest that the
      suppression of antibody response by peritoneal exudate macrophages was due to the
      increased activity of these cells as scavenger cells, resulting in a reduced
      amount of effective antigenic stimulation, and that it was not mediated by a
      prostaglandin-dependent mechanism. The scavenger function of these macrophages
      may be due to Ia-negative macrophages.

PMID- 6573973
TI  - [Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, its contemporary problems and perspectives].

PMID- 6573974
TI  - Effect of isomaltulose on acid production and insoluble glucan synthesis by
      Streptococcus mutans.

PMID- 6573975
TI  - Morphology and distribution of sensory nerve endings in the mouse labial mucosa.

PMID- 6573976
TI  - Light and electron microscopy of pharyngeal tooth formation in the larval Red Sea
      bream, Pagrus major.

PMID- 6573977
TI  - Bioluminescent assay for total bile acids in serum with use of bacterial
      luciferase.
AB  - This simple, rapid, sensitive kinetic bioluminescent method for the assay of bile
      acids in serum involves use of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.50)
      in combination with a new, commercially available NADH Monitoring Reagent (LKB
      Wallac) containing a low activity of NADH:FMN-oxidoreductase and a high activity
      of bacterial luciferase. Interfering dehydrogenases in serum are inactivated in
      the test tube with trichloroacetic acid before the assay. The standard curve is
      linear for concentrations of bile acids up to about 300 mumol/L. With a sample
      volume of 20 microL, the detection limit is about 0.2 mumol/L. The within-run
      precision (CV) is about 10%, both at high and low concentrations of bile acids in
      serum. Correlation is good (r = 0.996) between results by this method and an
      enzymatic method based on spectrophotometry. However, the latter method is
      considerably less sensitive, and it is less precise at low concentrations of bile
      acids.

PMID- 6573978
TI  - Self-reported social, speech, and facial concerns and personality adjustment of
      adolescents with cleft lip and palate.
AB  - This study examined the relationships among self-perceived social adjustment,
      concerns regarding facial disfigurement and defective speech, and objective
      personality assessment of 30 adolescents with cleft lip and palate. The results
      suggest that while cleft group scores indicate good adjustment, a significant
      number of adolescents with cleft have self-perceived social adjustment problems
      related to concerns with facial appearance. Social introversion appears to be
      related more to facial concerns than speech concerns during adolescence.

PMID- 6573979
TI  - Differences in craniofacial morphology between complete and incomplete unilateral
      cleft lip and palate in adults.
AB  - Differences in craniofacial morphology between complete and incomplete unilateral
      cleft lip and palate were studied in adult males by roentgenocephalometry.
      Incomplete clefts did not have the widening of the nasal cavity, reduction of the
      upper face height, or reduced thickness of the upper lip found in complete
      clefts. The shortening of maxillary depth was half that noted in complete clefts.
      The mandibular deviations and interorbital widening did not differ. The same held
      true for the retroinclination of upper incisors and alveolar process and backward
      shift of the maxilla. These changes accounted for differences in sagittal maxillo
      mandibular relations, facial profile, occlusion of incisors and total facial
      height between complete and incomplete clefts. Limitation of anterior growth
      rotation of the face was identical. The independence of mandibular variations on
      the extent of the cleft and on maxillary malformation suggests the possibility of
      an underlying primary impairment of growth of the lower jaw, at least in some
      cases.

PMID- 6573980
TI  - Persistence of the stapedial artery in a first arch anomaly: a case report.
AB  - This is a case report of a three month old girl with a unilateral facial
      dysplasia in whom the rudiments of external auditory organs were displaced
      towards the zygomatic region. The carotid arteriography demonstrated a persistent
      stapedial artery and absence of some branches of the external carotid artery (the
      middle meningeal artery and the superficial temporal artery). The autopsy study,
      undertaken at six months of age, confirmed the presence of the vascular anomaly
      and severe defects in the auditory organ. There was nerve tissue in the facial
      mass. This is the first reported case in which an association of a unilateral
      first arch anomaly and persistent stapedial artery has been confirmed by
      arteriography.

PMID- 6573981
TI  - Correlations between microforms of the Van der Woude syndrome and cleft palate.
AB  - The lower lip was examined in 397 children with isolated cleft palate (CP), in
      518 cleft lip children with or without cleft palate (CL(P)) and in 1000 noncleft
      children. Familial occurrence of clefts, other concomitant anomalies and the type
      and extension of the cleft were determined from the child's medical history. A
      total of 323 orthopantomograms, taken at the ages of 6-12 years, were available
      in the detection of hypodontia of the permanent teeth excluding the third molars
      in the CP group. The incidence of lower lip sinus and microforms (conical
      elevations, CE) was noted. The incidence of sinuses was 2.3% in the CP group,
      2.5% in the CL(P) group and 0% in the noncleft group. The corresponding figures
      for CE were 39.3%, 0.8% and 0.7%, respectively. In the CP group with CE, the
      familial occurrence of clefts was statistically higher (30.0%) than in the group
      without CE (20.7%). The corresponding figures for hypodontia were 40.7% and
      24.7%, respectively. Conical elevations are cleft palate related disturbances in
      the development of the lower lip. At least in certain cases the CE do represent
      microforms of the sinus syndrome. Thus the question arises: do the CE always
      represent microforms of the Van der Woude syndrome, or are they only pathogenic
      similarities of a variable etiology?

PMID- 6573982
TI  - Correlations of hypodontia in children with isolated cleft palate.
AB  - A total of 251 children with isolated cleft palate were examined.
      Orthopantomograms, taken at the age of 6-12 years, were used in the detection of
      hypodontia of the permanent teeth, excluding the third molars. The findings were:
      1. Familial history of clefting has no pronounced effect on the prevalence of
      hypodontia; 2. The prevalence of hypodontia was significantly higher in children
      with conical elevation of the lower lip than in those without it (40% to 25%),
      and increased with increasing extension of the cleft; 3. Cleft palate was
      associated with conical elevation and/or hypodontia in 56% of the subjects. The
      same etiological factor or factors seems to be responsible for the formation of
      the cleft, for conical elevation, and for hypodontia.

PMID- 6573983
TI  - A survey of cleft lip and palate surgery taught in Plastic Surgery Training
      Programs.
AB  - A mail survey was used to document the surgical methods for repair of cleft lip
      and palate being taught in Plastic Surgery Training Programs. The survey was
      completed by Senior Residents representing over 80% of the training programs in
      the United States. The results demonstrate that variation exists regarding
      methods and techniques for cleft lip and palate surgery.

PMID- 6573984
TI  - The origin of the term "harelip".

PMID- 6573985
TI  - The review system comes under fire.

PMID- 6573986
TI  - Reliability of the nasopharyngeal fiberscope (NPF) for assessing velopharyngeal
      function.
AB  - Simultaneous side-view nasopharyngeal fiberscopic (NPF) and lateral
      cinefluoroscopic (cine) recordings were taken for two normal subjects to
      determine the stability of NPF placement for the study of velopharyngeal
      function, and the reliability and validity of NPF findings. The results indicate
      that the NPF was highly stable during the several velopharyngeal activities
      examined, the NPF tip maintaining a relatively constant relationship within the
      vertebral complex. Therefore, it seems likely that similar NPF views are obtained
      on different occasions with a subject. The findings also indicate that
      measurements can be made from NPF still photos for several aspects of the
      velopharyngeal mechanism. However, measurements of the left lateral wall movement
      were not reliable. Measurement of velar movement from NPF correlated well with
      cine measures of velar movement, indicating validity of that NPF measure.

PMID- 6573987
TI  - Levels and subcellular localisation of pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate in human
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes and their relationship to alkaline phosphatase
      activity.
AB  - Neutrophil leukocytes, isolated from normal subjects and subjected to analytical
      subcellular fractionation by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, showed very
      similar cytosol distributions of pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate and lactate
      dehydrogenase. The small amounts of pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate associated
      with the dense granule fractions were not associated with the alkaline
      phosphatase containing granules. The levels of pyridoxal and pyridoxal phosphate
      were determined in neutrophils from control subjects, women in the third
      trimester of pregnancy and patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia.
      Neutrophil pyridoxal phosphate was increased in women in the third trimester of
      pregnancy compared to controls, but there was little variation in the level of
      pyridoxal between the groups. There was no consistent correlation between the
      pyridoxal phosphate and the neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activity in the
      patient groups. Although in vitro neutrophil alkaline phosphatase rapidly
      hydrolyses pyridoxal phosphate, it is suggested that in vivo this is unlikely to
      be the principal function of the enzyme.

PMID- 6573988
TI  - Segmental replacement of long bones using titanium fiber metal composite
      following tumor resection.
AB  - A series of 17 long bone defects following tumor resections were reconstructed
      using titanium fiber metal implants with adequate bone grafts. There were nine
      diaphyseal segmental arthroplasties and eight arthrodeses of the knee. The
      results were excellent in 11 and satisfactory in five, and there was one failure.
      Sixteen patients became fully weight-bearing. Adequate bone grafts, especially
      from both posterior iliac crests, and good skin coverage are essential to
      adequate bony reconstruction.

PMID- 6573989
TI  - Observations on the sequential use of Tc-99m phosphonate and Ga-67 imaging in
      untreated primary and secondary malignant tumors of the head and neck.
AB  - Scintigraphy using both Tc-99m phosphonate and Ga-67 was performed in 55 cases of
      untreated primary and secondary tumors of the head and neck. In 21 patients with
      primary tumors of jaws, eye, tongue, or parotid gland, Ga-67 scintigraphy
      visualized the primary tumor in all cases and metastases in 12. Scintigraphy
      using Tc-99m phosphonate disclosed primary bone involvement in 12 cases and
      skeletal metastases in two. In eight of 13 patients with metastatic lesions of
      jaws and skull, bone scintigraphy showed skeletal metastases. In seven of these
      patients, Ga-67 scintigraphy detected the primary tumor and in 11 cases detected
      metastases. Bone scintigraphy disclosed skeletal metastases in six of 21 patients
      with malignant neck tumors. In 13 of these patients, Ga-67 scintigraphy
      visualized the primary tumor, whereas it showed metastases in seven. It is
      concluded that Ga-67 scintigraphy should be used in the investigation of
      untreated primary or secondary malignant tumors of the head and neck. Bone
      scintigraphy may be indicated as an additional study in selected cases only.

PMID- 6573990
TI  - Muscle accumulation of Tc-99m diphosphonate in myophosphorylase deficiency and
      other disorders of muscle glycogenolysis/glycolysis.

PMID- 6573991
TI  - A retronephric extramedullary plasmacytoma demonstrating avid uptake of Ga-67.

PMID- 6573992
TI  - Accumulation of Ga-67 citrate in an inguinal hernia mimicking lymphadenopathy.

PMID- 6573993
TI  - Equipment available for nurseries.

PMID- 6573994
TI  - Fitzgerald factor deficiency and acute granulocytic leukaemia.

PMID- 6573995
TI  - Development of a Danish preventive program for preschoolchildren based on
      cooperation with key-persons.
AB  - Plans to expand public child dental services to include preschoolchildren and the
      recently established training of dental hygienists in Denmark form the background
      for the present study. The study was performed in a rural municipality located 35
      km north of Aarhus. Public child dental services for schoolchildren (6-16 years
      of age) had been established for several years and were being planned to include
      preschoolchildren. In cooperation with the personnel in the Child Dental Service
      a full-time employed dental hygienist developed a communication network with
      different categories of key-persons (health nurses, private daycare mothers and
      nursery school teachers). Close records and diaries were kept during the entire 3
      year study period. The paper summarises the experience gained from co-operation
      with a large number of key-persons and illustrates some of the conditions
      necessary for a successful process. The effect of the program on dental caries is
      discussed.

PMID- 6573996
TI  - Cereal availability and dental caries.
AB  - The present study examines the relation between three cereals: wheat, rice, and
      maize, to dental caries in 12-year-old children in 47 nations of the world. DMFT
      data were obtained from the World Health Organization's Oral Epidemiology Bank;
      data on cereal supplies were obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization
      (Rome). The relation between these functions was examined by the methods of
      correlational and rank order analysis. The data show that: 1) the relation of
      each of the cereals to caries is different; 2) the consumption of wheat is
      positively correlated to the DMFT values obtained for the 47 nations: 3) maize
      consumption is negatively associated with caries; and 4) the consumption of rice
      shows no correlation. In keeping with these observations, nations in the upper
      quintile of caries prevalence consumed more wheat and less maize than those in
      the lower quintile. Although these findings do not ipso-facto demonstrate any
      cause and effect relationships between cereal availability and caries, they do
      suggest that starch in the form of wheat may contribute to the prevalence of
      dental caries in nations throughout the world.

PMID- 6573997
TI  - Explorative study of the motives for non-utilization of the Danish Youth Care
      Scheme.
AB  - The present study attempted to develop an explanatory model for the lack of
      preventive dental behavior as demonstrated by the non-utilization of the Danish
      Youth Dental Care Scheme (YDCS). A focused interview was conducted with young,
      working class men by two carefully trained and experienced interviewers. Analysis
      of the interviews showed that no single factor could explain non-utilization of
      the YDCS. Rather a complex of factors partly on the individual social
      psychologic, psychologic and economic level and partly on the social level,
      operating directly and indirectly with varying strength, needs to be considered.
      A new explanatory model for preventive dental behavior is developed and discussed
      in the light of recent theories on health behavior.

PMID- 6573998
TI  - Dental visits and self-assessment of dental health status in the adult Danish
      population.
AB  - The purpose of the present investigation was to study dental visits and self
      assessment of dental health status in the adult Danish population. The study
      group comprised 5151 persons (86.7% of the original sample) who were interviewed
      in order to determine living conditions. Questions on dental visits and self
      assessment of dental health status were included. 61% of the adult Danish
      population in the age group 20-69 had regular dental visits. Dental visit habits
      varied according to urbanization, age, sex and social group. Among well off
      persons 85% had regular dental visits as opposed to only 40% in the disadvantaged
      social group. Well off persons and persons with regular dental visits more often
      claimed good dental health than persons in the disadvantaged social group and
      among the non-regular visitors. In the higher social group 13% reported to have
      removable dentures in contrast to 51% in the disadvantaged social group. To
      isolate determinants of dental visits a multiple dummy-regression analysis was
      performed. Nearly 50% of the variation in dental visit habits was explained by
      the variables: urbanization, sex, age, perceived dental health status, education,
      work in exhausting jobs, income, social background and perceived psychological
      problems. Efforts to bring a greater part of the adult population in Denmark in
      contract with the dental health service system should consider these findings.

PMID- 6573999
TI  - Dental practice in Northern Ireland, UK.
AB  - A postal survey concerning clinical practice by general practitioners in Northern
      Ireland U.K. had a response rate of 71.2%. There were little differences in
      practice between those who had graduated at the Dental School in Belfast (70%)
      and those who qualified elsewhere. Older dentists appear to undertake less
      ambitious dentistry and while this might be a reflection of their training, there
      were some practices of younger dentists such as not using a rubber dam for
      endodontic treatment which was certainly not taught to them at Dental School.

PMID- 6574000
TI  - Oral hygiene instruction using a self inspection plaque index.
AB  - The need for proper oral hygiene requires large amounts of time and manpower, and
      relapse is still common. This paper describes a self instructional manual and
      self inspection plaque index that was tested in a periodontal recall population.
      The program was tested on 18 periodontal recall patients over a period of 6
      weeks. Questionnaires were completed at the start, at 2 weeks, and at the end of
      the experimental period to evaluate patient opinions. Presence of plaque near the
      gingival margin was recorded at the start, at 2 weeks, and at 6 weeks. Patients
      were provided with a self instructional manual which taught them to recognize
      plaque on six teeth. Also, they were given a lighted mouth mirror, a toothbrush,
      and disclosing wafers. Initial, before-brushing plaque scores of 47% decreased to
      18% during the 6 weeks of the study. After-brushing plaque scores also were
      significantly improved during the study. Patients were able to perform the plaque
      index without guidance to a high level of agreement with a dental hygienist (r =
      0.72). Furthermore, the program was well accepted by the patients according to
      their answers on the questionnaire.

PMID- 6574001
TI  - Dose reduction in pantomography of children by means of reduction of irradiated
      area.
AB  - An Orthopantomograph was provided with microswitches in order to reduce exposure
      time. The collimation was vertically reduced. The reduced field size obtained
      covered all dentoalveolar regions except the third molar areas. The dose of
      energy imparted was thus reduced from 1.6 to 0.6 mJ and thyroid gland dose from
      0.13 to 0.04 mSv compared to complete pantomography. The economy in reduction of
      film size was 55%.

PMID- 6574002
TI  - Dental caries experience of 16-17-year-old naval recruits related to the water
      fluoride level in their home town.
AB  - Out of 6694 recruits who joined the Royal Navy between September 1979 and
      February 1981, 1983 (30%) had lived all their lives in one locality. Information
      on the fluoride level, between 1963 and 1980, in the water supply to each of the
      recruits' homes was obtained. The examiner recording the dental status of each
      recruit did not know where the recruit had lived. Some of the information on
      fluoride levels was imprecise or of variable quality so the final analyses were
      restricted to 1332 16-17-year-old subjects. The overall mean DMFT for the 1332
      recruits was 9.72. There was a consistent fall in caries experience with
      increasing water fluoride level although the difference between the caries
      experience of recruits from low and high fluoride areas (about 20% for mean DMFT)
      was smaller than that observed in other studies. A possible explanation for this
      smaller difference is that some of the subjects did not receive fluoridated water
      early in life.

PMID- 6574004
TI  - Inhibition of testosterone synthesis in the canine testis in vitro.
AB  - Testicular 17 beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase (17 beta-HOR) is one of the
      several enzymes necessary for the synthesis of testosterone, but is not required
      for either glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid synthesis. Since specific
      inhibition of the testicular enzyme has potential contraceptive and experimental
      uses, the inhibitory effect of twenty steroids on 17 beta-HOR activity was
      examined in microsomal preparations of canine testes. Six steroids inhibited
      testosterone formation, but only 4-estrene-3,17-dione (KI = 2.4 microM) and 5
      androstene-3,17-dione (KI = 6.8 microM) had significant inhibitory activity. The
      data suggest the following molecular characteristics necessary for competitive
      inhibition of 17 beta-HOR activity: (a) requirement for 17-keto group, (b)
      relative requirement for 3-keto group, (c) decreased inhibition with unsaturation
      in position 5-6, and (d) marked loss of inhibitory activity with 6 beta-, 11 beta
      or 19- hydroxylation, and A-ring aromatization.

PMID- 6574003
TI  - Prevalence of root caries in the adult Finnish population.
AB  - A sample of 8000 persons was drawn to represent the Finnish population aged 30
      years and over. The participation rate was 89.9%. Root caries was recorded when
      the lesion was obviously soft and more than half of it was located on cementum.
      Lesions adjacent to fillings were not included. The reproducibility and the
      standard of the clinical recordings were tested by reexamining 20% of the studied
      population 2-6 months after the first clinical examination. The overall
      prevalence of root caries was 21.6% for men and 14.5% for women. The prevalence
      increased for both sexes almost consistently with age. Root caries was found 1.6
      times more often among men than women. Among men 2.23% and among women 1.19% of
      teeth were affected by root caries.

PMID- 6574005
TI  - Practical techniques for pediatric chest computed tomography.

PMID- 6574006
TI  - Cardiac metastases from osteosarcoma. A report of two cases.
AB  - Two children who developed cardiac metastases from osteogenic sarcoma are
      described, and the value of computed tomography in making an antemortem diagnosis
      is illustrated. Computed tomographic images with a narrow window width will
      reveal the presence of calcification within the cardiac metastases. Images in
      this mode should always be studied in patients with osteogenic sarcoma who are
      undergoing chest computed tomography scans to detect pulmonary metastases.

PMID- 6574007
TI  - [Use of carbonaceous biomaterials in implantology].

PMID- 6574008
TI  - [Repeat root canal treatment. Why? When? How?].

PMID- 6574009
TI  - [Bone-mucosal support in removable partial dentures].

PMID- 6574010
TI  - [A swallowed partial denture: case report].

PMID- 6574011
TI  - [Oro-dental pharmacology in the time of Augustus].

PMID- 6574012
TI  - [Ergonomics in endodontics. Hand instruments. Description and use].

PMID- 6574013
TI  - [Ergonomics in endodontics. Manufacture and standardization].

PMID- 6574014
TI  - [Ergonomics in endodontics. Motorized canal reamers].

PMID- 6574015
TI  - [Induction of labor with prostaglandin F2 alpha sponge].

PMID- 6574016
TI  - Differentiation of HL-60 cells: cell volume and cell cycle changes.
AB  - HL-60 promyelocytic leukemic cells can differentiate into more mature myeloid
      cells with the addition of dimethylsulfoxide, butyric acid or retinoic acid and
      can differentiate into macrophages with the addition of phorbol ester 12-0
      tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). After the addition of an inducer, the HL
      60 cell volume shows a daily decrease while the cell number increases at a rate
      similar to the untreated control cells. Flow cytometry measurements show an
      increase in G1 cells and a decrease in S cells after day 1. Since the generation
      time is constant, the data suggest that the length of time spent in the different
      cell cycle stages has changed during differentiation. Within 3 hours after the
      addition of TPA to HL-60 cells, selective adhesion of G1 cells occurs. Smaller
      sized cells are recovered from the flask bottom and larger sized cells are
      recovered from the supernate. Flow cytometric analysis reveals a G1 and S block
      in cells obtained from both the supernatant and from the flask bottom. After 1
      day of TPA incubation, there is preferential adhesion of G1 and G2 cells with the
      nonadherent cells being primarily in the S and G2 cell cycle stages and
      undergoing a cell cycle traverse.

PMID- 6574017
TI  - [Recommendations for the treatment of status asthmaticus in private and clinical
      practice].

PMID- 6574018
TI  - Fully active Fe-protein of the nitrogenase from Azotobacter vinelandii contains
      at least eight iron atoms and eight sulphide atoms per molecule.
AB  - The Fe-protein of the Azotobacter vinelandii nitrogenase enzyme complex contains
      a variable iron and sulphide content. The iron and sulphide content of the
      protein is dependent upon the specific activity. Up to a specific activity of
      1000 nmol C2H4 produced X min-1 X mg Av-1(2), three iron and three sulphide atoms
      per molecule Av2 are found. At specific activities above 1000 nmol C2H4 produced
      X min-1 X mg Av-1(2), a linear relationship between specific activity and iron
      and sulphide content of Av2 is found. The maximum values found are 8.8 iron atoms
      and 8.6 sulphide atoms/molecule at a specific activity of 2250 nmol C2H4 produced
      X min-1 X mg Av-1(2). Also the experimental molar absorption coefficients at 430
      nm of the oxidized and reduced forms depend on the specific activity. The highest
      values found are 15.9 mM-1 cm-1 and 9.1 mM-1 cm-1, respectively. Since
      occasionally the preparations with specific activities around 3000 nmol X min-1 X
      mg-1 are isolated which contain more than 10 iron atoms and 11 sulphide atoms per
      molecule, it cannot be excluded that under certain physiological conditions Av2
      contains even more than two [4 Fe-4 S] clusters. The addition of MgATP induces a
      conformational change in the Fe-protein which results in a higher reactivity with
      iron chelators. But irrespective of the specific activity, the amount of iron
      extracted from the protein after addition of MgATP never exceeds four
      atoms/molecule. The results are discussed with respect to the present molecular
      model of the Fe-protein.

PMID- 6574019
TI  - Polymorphism in Pg-1 (urinary pepsinogen-1) locus in the rat and its linkage
      analysis.
AB  - Cramer (1981) reported that Pg-1 (urinary pepsinogen) in the rat was loosely
      linked with albinism in the linkage group I. We performed a three point test on
      the loci of pg-1, c, and Hbb. We could reconfirm that pg-1 was autosomal trait
      with two co-dominant alleles of pg-1a and pg-1b. But in progeny of ((WF X IS) X
      WF) backcross, pg-1 was linked to neither c nor Hbb, while a close linkage
      between c and Hbb was detected. Also pg-1 was not linked to Mup-1 (LG II), a (LG
      IV), Es-3 (LG V), and h (LG VI). pg-1 will be one of the most valuable genetic
      markers of the rats, since pg-1 was highly polymorphic among inbred strains of
      rats, and not linked to LG I, II, IV, V, and VI.

PMID- 6574020
TI  - Myopathy due to glycogen storage disease: pathological and biochemical studies in
      relation to glycogenosome formation.
AB  - Ten cases of myopathy caused by glycogen storage diseases of type II, III, and V,
      and phosphorylase b kinase deficiency are reported. So-called "abnormal
      lysosomes" or glycogenosomes which contain abundant glycogen were found in cases
      of type II, and in some numbers, in cases of type III, and in one case of
      phosphorylase b kinase deficiency which revealed a moderate decrease in
      debranching enzyme (amylo-1,6-glucosidase) activity. In these cases of type III
      and phosphorylase b kinase deficiency, the glycogenosomes are formed through
      deposition of abnormal glycogen (limit dextrin structure glycogen).

PMID- 6574021
TI  - Histocompatibility in couples with recurrent spontaneous abortion and normal
      fertility.
AB  - Histocompatibility between husband and wife at the HLA locus has been suggested
      as a determinant of recurrent spontaneous abortion. We measured the incidence of
      HLA antigen sharing within 12 couples with histories of unexplained recurrent
      abortion and in a fertile control population of 77 couples. In the recurrent
      abortion group, 6 of 12 (50%) of the couples shared no HLA antigens, whereas only
      3 of 12 (25%) shared one antigen, 1 of 12 (8.3%) shared two antigens, and 2 of 12
      (17%) shared three antigens. In the fertile group, 27 of 77 (35.1%) shared no
      antigens, 33 of 77 (42.8%) shared one antigen, 14 of 77 (18.2%) shared two
      antigens, 2 of 77 (2.6%) shared three antigens, and 1 of 77 (1.3%) shared four
      antigens. In 50 of these control couples who were available for complete
      reproductive histories, there were no significant correlations between the
      incidence of antigen sharing and the numbers of offspring, the incidence of
      spontaneous abortion, or infertility problems. Six of the women in the recurrent
      abortion group became pregnant during the study. Three of these (50%) delivered
      live infants independent of the degree of antigen sharing and without the benefit
      of immunologic treatment. Therefore, the degree of HLA antigen sharing did not
      define a population with increased pregnancy wastage or predict subsequent
      pregnancy outcome.

PMID- 6574023
TI  - [Collapse occurring in the dental chair].

PMID- 6574022
TI  - Inhibition of human placental progesterone synthesis and aromatase activity by
      synthetic steroidogenic inhibitors in vitro.
AB  - The inhibitory effect in vitro of four synthetic steroids on enzyme systems of
      placental progesterone synthesis at term was analyzed. Cholesterol side chain
      cleavage enzyme (CSCC) was not influenced by azastene, trilostane, and WIN
      32,729. A 50% inhibition of CSCC was found by 10 microM cyanoketone. The 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was dose-dependently inhibited by azastene (I50 = 1
      microM, trilostane (I50 = 4 nM), cyanoketone (I50 = 3 nM), and WIN 32,729 (I50 =
      5 nM). A competitive inhibition of the 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20
      alpha-HSDH) by azastene (I50 = 0.6 microM), trilostane (I50 = 4.1 microM),
      cyanoketone (I50 = 0.6 microM), and WIN 32,729 (I50 = 1.5 microM) was observed.
      No difference in the effect of steroids on the 20 alpha-HSDH of early gestational
      and term placenta was found. The four steroidogenic inhibitors did not affect the
      activity of placental aromatase in vitro. Our results allow a comparison of
      inhibitory potencies of four steroidogenic inhibitors on different steroidogenic
      enzymes in vitro.

PMID- 6574024
TI  - [Caries-preventing effect of the consumption of table salt containing 350 mg
      fluoride per kg].

PMID- 6574025
TI  - Legal aspects of medical emergencies in the dental office.

PMID- 6574026
TI  - How to determine dental staff salaries.

PMID- 6574027
TI  - What patients think of your practice.

PMID- 6574028
TI  - Bartering: is it right for your practice?

PMID- 6574029
TI  - Economic uncertainties demand sound credit planning.

PMID- 6574031
TI  - Safety creates high morale, which increases lab productivity.

PMID- 6574030
TI  - Want to improve productivity? Take a seat.

PMID- 6574032
TI  - Plan for tomorrow's crisis with today's insurance.

PMID- 6574033
TI  - Interpreting facial expressions.

PMID- 6574034
TI  - Dimensions of career satisfaction for the dental hygienist.

PMID- 6574035
TI  - Preliminary evaluation of oral lesions: what is this superficial swelling?

PMID- 6574036
TI  - Fluorides: metabolism, mechanisms of action and safety.

PMID- 6574037
TI  - Caries and remineralization.

PMID- 6574038
TI  - Caries prevention through food screening, immunization and controlled-release
      delivery systems. A review of some recent developments.

PMID- 6574039
TI  - Health education & promotion to prevent dental caries. The opportunity and
      responsibility of dental hygienists.

PMID- 6574040
TI  - The mandibular infected buccal cyst--molar area.

PMID- 6574041
TI  - Differential diagnosis of cervical radiolucencies.

PMID- 6574042
TI  - Hepatitis and venereal disease.

PMID- 6574043
TI  - The problematic drug history.

PMID- 6574044
TI  - The patient with allergies.

PMID- 6574045
TI  - Dental management of the pregnant patient.
AB  - The pregnant patient presents several considerations for providing dental
      treatment. Among these are that there are two persons involved in the dental
      treatment of a pregnant woman, the woman and the baby. Each presents a different
      set of problems. The mother basically presents no difficult problems for dental
      treatment. She needs to have routine dental treatment provided. All procedures
      can be done. Because of the fetus, certain precautions in the use of drugs and
      radiographs must be taken. If it is determined in taking the history that a
      person may be pregnant and she is not seeing an obstetrician, the dentist should
      urge her to see one at her earliest convenience. It is well documented that early
      and good prenatal care decreases the risk to the mother and to the fetus.
      Diabetes, hypertension, and anemias are frequently associated with pregnancy and
      produce a threat to the developing fetus. These diseases, along with any other
      systemic diseases and infections that pose threats to either the mother or the
      fetus, are normally detected with good prenatal care.

PMID- 6574046
TI  - Oral hygiene in handicapped children: a comparison of effectiveness in the
      unaided use of manual and electric toothbrushes.

PMID- 6574047
TI  - Dental marketing: from research to service.. Interview by Pat Muchmore.

PMID- 6574048
TI  - Your home office doesn't have to be a tax trap.

PMID- 6574049
TI  - Heaven can wait.

PMID- 6574050
TI  - The search for Doctor right.

PMID- 6574051
TI  - Enhance your charisma.

PMID- 6574052
TI  - Reaching out to areas of need.

PMID- 6574053
TI  - Dental computers. The ingredients of a good system.

PMID- 6574054
TI  - Patients enjoy visits to the brace place.

PMID- 6574056
TI  - Internal Marketing: the first step to team success.

PMID- 6574055
TI  - The three C's of a collection policy that retains goodwill.

PMID- 6574057
TI  - Office staff conference: the key to communication.

PMID- 6574058
TI  - Switching on the space-sharing alternative.

PMID- 6574059
TI  - Office planning for the solo group.

PMID- 6574060
TI  - It's time for a review.

PMID- 6574061
TI  - Patient perception of dental fees is changing.

PMID- 6574062
TI  - Patient feedback project provides real measure of patient satisfaction.

PMID- 6574063
TI  - Dentist makes changes as a result of feedback.

PMID- 6574065
TI  - Ten questions to ask when leasing office space, and the answers you should get.

PMID- 6574064
TI  - Guidelines for improved telephone technique.

PMID- 6574066
TI  - A technique for intraoral cannulation and infusion of the rat submandibular
      gland.

PMID- 6574067
TI  - Temporomandibular joint arthrography. A study of some diagnoses at superior joint
      cavity arthrography.

PMID- 6574068
TI  - Radiographic changes in the temporomandibular joint in ankylosing spondylitis.

PMID- 6574069
TI  - Benign cementoblastoma (true cementoma).

PMID- 6574070
TI  - Clinical trials of a dental radiographic quality control system.

PMID- 6574071
TI  - Different types of deciduous molar impaction.

PMID- 6574072
TI  - A comparison of Kodak Ektaspeed and Ultraspeed films for the detection of
      periodontal bone lesions.

PMID- 6574073
TI  - Kodak Ektaspeed--a new dental x-ray film.

PMID- 6574074
TI  - A comparative study of two techniques for recording centric relation.

PMID- 6574075
TI  - Mandibular changes in panoramic radiographs of patients with end stage renal
      disease.

PMID- 6574076
TI  - The fate of free mercury in tissue.

PMID- 6574078
TI  - Four-handed dentistry. 1. Principles and techniques: a new look.

PMID- 6574077
TI  - An update on mouth ulcers.

PMID- 6574079
TI  - Class II, division 1 malocclusions with a missing incisor: three treatment
      alternatives.

PMID- 6574080
TI  - Hypodontia.

PMID- 6574081
TI  - Experimental colitis studied by colonoscopy in the rat: effect of indomethacin.
AB  - Diffuse colitis was produced in rats by the intracolonic administration of 10%
      acetic acid. The course and evolution of this chemical colitis was followed by
      performing serial fiberoptic colonoscopy and biopsy. The effect of intrarectal
      indomethacin on the prostaglandin E content of the colonic mucosa and on the
      severity of colitis as judged by endoscopic and histologic criteria was
      evaluated. Intrarectal administration of indomethacin was associated with
      decreased severity of inflammation and decreased prostaglandin E2 content of the
      colonic mucosa. This model may be useful in evaluating other potential
      therapeutic agents.

PMID- 6574082
TI  - [Prognostic significance of the platelet count in chronic myeloleukemia].

PMID- 6574083
TI  - [Combined autoradiographic and cytophotometric study of the composition and
      kinetics of cell populations in chronic myeloleukemia].

PMID- 6574085
TI  - Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis in the adult.

PMID- 6574084
TI  - [Cytochemical determination of naphthol-AS-D-chloroacetate esterase activity in
      the blast cells of acute myeloblastic leukemia patients].

PMID- 6574086
TI  - Clinical evaluation of high-copper amalgam.

PMID- 6574087
TI  - Provisional bridge obstruction of the esophagus.

PMID- 6574088
TI  - Traumatic avulsion: a case report on reimplantation.

PMID- 6574089
TI  - Amalgam capsule leakage during trituration.

PMID- 6574090
TI  - Peripheral odontogenic fibroma: an uncommon oral lesion.

PMID- 6574091
TI  - Evaluating capitation finances in a dental practice.

PMID- 6574093
TI  - Job descriptions: put it in writing to put it into practice.

PMID- 6574092
TI  - Examining the patient with TMJ syndrome.

PMID- 6574094
TI  - Unilateral swelling of the jaw.

PMID- 6574095
TI  - Swelling on the mandibular gingiva.

PMID- 6574097
TI  - Georgetown dental seniors.

PMID- 6574096
TI  - [Electrophoretic polymorphism of proteins and the genetic divergence of
      primates].
AB  - The hypothesis suggesting that genetic distances between primate taxa are smaller
      than characteristic genetic distances between non-primate taxa having the similar
      level of phylogenetic affinity, due to the specific features of primate protein
      evolution, has been probed. To this end, genetic distances between green and
      rhesus monkeys representing different genera of one subfamily, and between humans
      and chimpanzees representing related families, have been calculated and compared.
      It has been shown that the former are 2-2,5 times smaller than the latter. It is
      pointed out in this connection that genetic distances reflect adequately the
      hierarchy of the above taxa, and the existing interpretation of the "paradox of
      genetic similarity" of man and apes needs to be corrected. To calculate genetic
      distances, we used both literature data and the results of comparative analysis
      of 9 electrophoretic gene markers of green and rhesus monkeys represented in this
      work. Differences in genetic variability of these species were detected.

PMID- 6574098
TI  - GPA's of students entering GUSD on upward curve.

PMID- 6574099
TI  - From oral diagnosis: a case report.

PMID- 6574101
TI  - Recent advancements lower risk of hepatitis infections in health professionals.

PMID- 6574100
TI  - From oral pathology: a case report.

PMID- 6574102
TI  - NOR activity and satellite association patterns in a family carrying a doubly
      satellited marker.
AB  - Activity and association patterns of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) were
      studied in cultured blood lymphocytes from six members of a family, three of whom
      carried a doubly satellited marker. The marker consisted of a centromere with two
      sets of satellites and stalks which showed consistent NOR activity. The children
      with the marker had significantly higher frequencies of NOR activity and
      satellite association than their non-carrier siblings. The acrocentrics of the
      children with the marker did not appear to have decreased association tendency.

PMID- 6574103
TI  - Ocular manifestations of leukaemia.

PMID- 6574104
TI  - Characterization of non-lymphoid cells in Peyer's patches of the rat.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to correlate in vitro and in situ observations
      on nonlymphoid cells in Peyer's patches (PP) of the rat. By carrying out enzyme
      cytochemical reactions (acid phosphatase, APh, and non-specific esterase, NSE)
      and immunocytochemistry (Ia antigen staining) on cell suspensions and cryostat
      sections of PP, two classes of nonlymphoid cells could be distinguished. These
      were (1) strongly APh- and NSE-positive cells without or with a slight Ia
      membrane staining and (2) strongly Ia-positive cells with a weak APh and NSE
      activity. The first cell class comprised the classical macrophages which, except
      for tingible body macrophages, were glass-adherent. The second cell class was non
      adherent and comprised dendritic (interdigitating) cells. The role of this Ia
      positive non-adherent cell population was discussed, and a hypothesis was
      presented on the relation between mononuclear blood cells, veiled cells, and
      interdigitating cells in PP.

PMID- 6574105
TI  - Preliminary observation of good response to Busulfan (myleran) in an advanced
      case of extensive psoriasis.

PMID- 6574106
TI  - Effect of bilateral vasectomy on testicular metabolism in albino rats.
AB  - The adult Wistar strain albino rats were vasectomised by conventional method and
      maintained for six months. The vasectomized rat testis had elevated water content
      with depleted dry matter. Glycogen content was increased with indication of
      mobilization of hexoses into HMP pathway. The vasectomized rat testis showed
      preferential utilisation of triglycerides. In view of increased 3 beta-HSD and 17
      beta-HSD activities, accelerated androgenesis was envisaged in vasectomized rat
      testis.

PMID- 6574107
TI  - [Current findings in geographic tongue].

PMID- 6574108
TI  - The development of dental alloys conserving precious metals: improving corrosion
      resistance by controlled ageing.
AB  - To determine the conditions which confer desirable mechanical properties and
      corrosion resistance upon dental alloys, age-hardening mechanism and the
      associated structural changes were studied by means of resistometric
      measurements, hardness tests, electron microscope observations and electron
      diffraction studies. Five commercial dental alloys, a high-gold content alloy, a
      low-gold alloy and three Au-Ag-Pd silver-based alloys and two experimental gold
      alloys, were examined. The structural and morphological changes which gave rise
      to age-hardening were classified into five types of phase transformation, i.e.,
      (1) the formation of the AuCu I type superlattice and its twinning characterized
      by a stair-step mode, (2) the formation of the AuCu II type super-lattice with
      periodic antiphase domain structure, (3) the precipitation of the CuPd
      superlattice with fct structure analogous to the AuCu I type, (4) spinodal
      decomposition giving rise to a modulated structure and (5) the formation of the
      lamellar structure developed from grain boundaries by discontinuous
      precipitations. (1), (2) and (3) made a contribution to corrosion resistance
      superior to (4) and (5). A lamellar structure was prone to a high corrosion rate.
      The results obtained in this study are useful in predicting age-hardening
      characteristics and structural changes associated with corrosion, because the
      microstructural variation induced by ageing as well as nobility of alloys affects
      greatly their corrosion resistance.

PMID- 6574109
TI  - Dental casting alloys: technical and economic considerations in the USA.
AB  - In the USA, gold alloys have played a prominent role in oral health maintenance
      for more than 100 years. Recently, however, a marked trend toward substitution of
      palladium-silver and nickel-chromium based materials for the more costly gold
      alloys has been observed. It is estimated that 60-80 per cent of all permanent
      dental appliances (crowns and bridges) are now fabricated from non-gold alloys.
      For the most part, increased user demand for alloy products of relatively low
      intrinsic value has affected adversely the profitability of the larger USA
      casting alloy suppliers. The likelihood of a reversal of the trend occurring
      during the 1980s is not great. All major USA dental alloy manufacturers have
      found it necessary to market an ever increasing spectrum of low cost alloy
      products. Impetus for this production of a new generation of dental casting
      alloys has risen mainly from the perceived purchasing patterns of current and
      future customers. It is anticipated that the 'down-grading' of dental casting
      alloys will continue until plastics, mouldable ceramics or other inexpensive
      industrial materials replace metals in the fabrication of permanently cemented
      dental devices. Until then, it is likely that gold alloys will remain the
      ultimate prosthetic materials in the minds of dental academicians while technique
      sensitive and unproved metallic products of low intrinsic value will continue to
      gain greater acceptance by practising dentists, laboratory technicians and
      patients.

PMID- 6574110
TI  - The clinical acceptance of dental nickel-chrome alloys.
AB  - Replacing gold alloys by non-precious ones could save more than 500 million DM
      per year in German dentistry. However, there are many technical and biological
      considerations which have to be resolved in evaluating the clinical suitability
      of non-precious metal alloys. Techniques (e.g. investing, casting, porcelain
      application) and materials, developed over decades for processing gold alloys,
      have to be modified in order to achieve complete, sound castings, showing
      accurate fit and good ceramic-metal bonding. During the 5 years of our clinical
      studies, no case of localized or generalized tissue reaction due to Ni-Cr alloys
      was found. The five patients known to suffer from nickel allergy did not show any
      reaction to Ni-Cr test plates. Although several Ni-Cr alloys are routinely and
      successfully used in our clinic for single crowns and small bridges as well as
      for appliances used in complete oral rehabilitation, it should not be assumed
      that all Ni-Cr based alloys commercially available are equally suitable. There
      are two main reasons for this: (1) The Ni-Cr alloys comprise a large group;
      individual alloys exhibit greatly varied composition, microstructure, physical
      properties and corrosion behaviour. (2) Standards (specifications) by which non
      precious metal alloys could be tested, with special regard to their
      biocompatibility, are lacking. Empirically, some Ni-Cr alloys have turned out to
      be useful in prosthodontics but further progress will depend upon the development
      of suitable standards. These are needed urgently.

PMID- 6574111
TI  - Goals for oral health in the year 2000: cooperation between WHO, FDI and the
      national dental associations.
AB  - The member countries of the WHO have decided to adopt a global strategy for
      achieving health for all in the year 2000. As a part of this goal the FDI has
      decided to participate with 'goals for oral health in the year 2000'. The FDI
      already has many joint activities with WHO, serving as a link between that
      organization and the national dental member associations. One joint activity is
      the International Collaborative Study of Dental Manpower Systems. Another is the
      joint working group set up to look into The Changing Patterns in Oral Health. An
      important task associated with this study is the project on the International
      Deployment of Dental Manpower investigating the uneven distribution of dental
      manpower between various parts of the world, especially between industrialized
      and developing countries. For all these projects it is necessary to have the
      support of the Federation's national member associations, which also have to
      supply FDI and WHO with facts for a data base for monitoring changes in oral
      health. To meet these important targets it is necessary to have: the willing
      support of the Federation's national dental member associations: a FDI which
      includes most of the national dental associations in the world; and a
      continuation of the good cooperation with WHO and an acceptance by WHO that the
      FDI is a partner representing the absolute majority of the national dental
      associations in the world.

PMID- 6574112
TI  - Indicators for oral health and their implications for developing countries.
AB  - A review of WHO global oral data bank information demonstrated numerous examples
      of change, from the baseline year 1980 to 1982, towards less dental caries in
      developed countries and higher levels of that disease in developing countries.
      The changing emphasis of the indicators for the five ages or age groups specified
      was noted, from dental caries to all causes of tooth loss. The absence of
      specific indicators for disorders of the periodontium, the occlusion and the oral
      mucosa were cited as the main deficiencies of the set of indicators. A
      classification of countries into three groups according to DMF teeth at 12 years,
      each subdivided according to age of data, was used to suggest three collective
      goals based on DMF teeth levels at that age. For 5-6-year-olds it was possible
      only to make a tentative suggestion of two collective goals, 50 and 75 per cent
      caries-free. For all the indicators, except that at 12 years, the paucity of data
      was noted and the need emphasized to build up the data base in the global bank to
      give a realistic support to these indicators. The ever present need to heed the
      manpower implications of the existing oral disease trends and to improve planning
      procedures in the oral health sector was stressed.

PMID- 6574113
TI  - Indicators for oral health and their implications for industrialized nations.
AB  - The World Health Organization's adoption in 1979 of 'health for all by the year
      2000' as a worldwide target promoted the formulation of specific oral health
      goals by the Federation Dentaire Internationale in 1981. Such goals are useful to
      governments and the private professional sector as a focus for programme planning
      and implementation and as a means of measuring progress. Recent evidence that
      caries prevalence is already declining in some industrialized nations, including
      the USA, suggests that most developed countries will meet or surpass the goals
      adopted by the FDI by the year 2000. However, keeping these trends moving in the
      right direction will require a sustained effort on the part of both the public
      and the private sector.

PMID- 6574114
TI  - Achievement of the goals for oral health: how can national dental associations
      and practising dentists contribute?

PMID- 6574115
TI  - The monitoring process and its importance for achievement of the global goals for
      oral health by the year 2000.
AB  - The establishing of the global goals for oral health in the year 2000
      automatically implies an increased need to collect epidemiological data on
      various oral health problems in the specified age groups of the world's
      population. Baseline data for 1980 on dental caries in the young age groups and
      on the prevalence of edentulousness among adults are available only in some
      countries. Where baseline data are available, continuous surveillance at suitable
      time intervals is required to monitor changes in oral health. Where baseline data
      are not available, the main emphasis should be put upon clarification of the
      present situation. In this review, data on recent changes in oral health in some
      European industrialized countries are used to evaluate future trends. The
      predictions seem promising for the young age groups which, without difficulty,
      should be able to surpass the specified global goal by the year 2000. The
      proposed 50 per cent reduction in edentulousness at age 35-44 also seems to be
      realistic. The goal which will be difficult to achieve, at least for both the
      United Kingdom and Finland, is the 25 per cent reduction in edentulousness in the
      age group of 65 years and over. This part of the population may prove to be the
      'lost generation' with regard to oral health. In developing countries very little
      information is available on this age group. It is concluded that the need to
      monitor will in itself initiate world-wide activity in epidemiological research.
      Monitoring is important not only because it provides data on the current
      situation but also because it is the only known way to predict the probable
      extent of future improvements in oral health.

PMID- 6574116
TI  - Training protocol for dental laboratory technicians.

PMID- 6574117
TI  - Discharge criteria.

PMID- 6574118
TI  - Marginal tissue recession in general dental practice: a preliminary study.

PMID- 6574119
TI  - Predetermination of osseous changes associated with uprighting tipped molars by
      probing.

PMID- 6574121
TI  - Aspects of cell regulation.

PMID- 6574120
TI  - Interpretation of radiographs in periodontics.

PMID- 6574122
TI  - Mixed radiopaque-radiolucent lesion of the jaw.

PMID- 6574123
TI  - Splicing life, with scalpel and scythe.

PMID- 6574124
TI  - Prostaglandin--E2 levels in the saliva of common migrainous women.

PMID- 6574125
TI  - Chromosome band patterns of near tetraploid Ehrlich-Lettre mouse ascites cells
      (ELT Bonn) in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 6574126
TI  - A new anthracycline antibiotic N-formyl-13-dihydrocarminomycin.

PMID- 6574127
TI  - Utilization of plasmid pULB113 (RP4::mini-Mu) to construct a linkage map of
      Erwinia carotovora subsp. chrysanthemi.
AB  - We report experimental evidence that pULB113, an RP4::mini-Mu plasmid, mediates
      chromosome transfer in a strain of Erwinia carotovora subsp. chrysanthemi which
      does not accept the F episome. This allowed us to construct a genetic map of that
      strain by measuring the frequencies of cotransfer of different markers (thy, leu,
      pro, [his, trp], thyA, rpsL, ile).

PMID- 6574128
TI  - Autophonia associated with an atypical eating disorder.
AB  - Autophonia, the hyperperception of one's own voice and breathing, is a
      consequence of rapid weight loss. Although the otolaryngologic literature reports
      that autophonia results from a variety of wasting disorders, including anorexia
      nervosa, the psychiatric literature contains little information on this
      association. A case of autophonia in a woman with an atypical eating disorder is
      described and the importance of recognizing autophonia as an organic condition is
      stressed.

PMID- 6574129
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy study of the effect of steel and tungsten carbide
      burs on dental tissues].
AB  - The effects of steel and tungsten carbide burs have been studied under the
      scanning electron microscope on human enamel and dentin during preparation of
      mesio-occluso-distal cavities in vitro with cutting speeds varying from 5 000 to
      120 000 r.p.m. All the cavities presented clean and regular walls. However, the
      final quality of the cavity borders, and in particular the cavo-surface angles of
      the box walls, was directly related to the speed and rotation direction of the
      bur. The cavo-surface angles at the gingival planes showed in all cases fractures
      of the superficial prisms. The cutting character displayed in dentine surfaces
      were mainly dependent on the orientation of the tubules in relation to the
      surface of the cavity preparation and the degree of sclerosed dentine. The
      cavities prepared in the absence of water and air showed the presence of tissue
      debris nd cracks; their number increased with increasing rotational speed.

PMID- 6574130
TI  - Remineralization in human premolars of different posteruptive age.
AB  - In human premolars with posteruptive ages varying from 6 months to 4 years
      demineralized enamel was remineralized for 3 days at 37 degrees C in a
      recalcifying medium containing 2 mM Ca2+, 1.2 mM phosphate, 0.05 mMF- and 150 mM
      NaCl (pH = 7). The Ca, P and Ca/P molar ratio of the mineral gained were
      determined at various distances from the enamel surface. Whereas, particularly at
      30 micrometers from the surface remineralization was higher and more extensive in
      young demineralized enamel, no difference could be found in Ca/P molar ratio,
      suggesting precipitation of an apatitic mineral in both young and old
      demineralized human enamel. The probable nature of the precipitate is that of a
      fluoridated hydroxyapatite.

PMID- 6574131
TI  - [Reflex activity of the elevator muscles of the human mandible: electromyographic
      study].
AB  - In this study of global electromyography, of the masseter and anterior temporal
      muscles of man, the stimulus used was the mechanical percussion of the chin, the
      results being recorded on an oscilloscope. The twenty-two subjects used presented
      no sign of pathology after clinical examination. On the same subject, for one
      given muscle, the reflex was identically reproduced. The latency time was a very
      constant parameter; 7,8 ms for the masseter muscle and 10 ms for the temporal
      muscle. These values are not significantly different from one another. They are
      compared to those obtained by other authors. On the other hand, the reflex
      response of the anterior temporal muscle can present a particular pattern
      comparable with that of the trigemino-facial reflex.

PMID- 6574133
TI  - Affinity chromatography of bile salts 7 alpha-, 7 beta- and 12 alpha
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases on immobilized Procion Red and Cibacron Blue
      Sepharose 4B columns.

PMID- 6574132
TI  - The study of human myeloid differentiation using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU).
AB  - Little is known concerning the mechanism of myeloid differentiation. A human
      promyelocytic cell line (HL-60) differentiates to granulocytes or macrophage-like
      cells when cultured with a variety of agents. How these agents trigger myeloid
      differentiation is not understood. This study shows that 1.0-10.0 micrograms/ml
      bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) induced myeloid differentiation of HL-60 in liquid
      culture. After 7 days, BrdU (3.0 micrograms/ml) produced only moderate inhibition
      of HL-60 growth, but induced myeloid maturation with 40% of the cells becoming
      morphologically more mature; 41% developed the ability to reduce nitroblue
      tetrazolium (NBT); 19% phagocytized Candida albicans; and 18% developed Fc
      receptors. The action of BrdU was mimicked by 5-iodo-deoxyuridine. Thymidine (Td)
      (1- to 10-fold excess) competitively inhibited incorporation of [3H]BrdU into DNA
      of HL-60 and inhibited the triggering of HL-60 differentiation by BrdU. The BrdU
      induced maturation of HL-60 correlated with the incorporation of BrdU into DNA of
      HL-60. DNA buoyant density studies showed that about 46% of the Td was replaced
      by BrdU in each DNA strand of HL-60 as the cells differentiated in culture
      containing 3 micrograms/ml BrdU for 7 days. We established 20 thymidine kinase
      (TK)-deficient HL-60 clones. The HL-60 TK-deficient cells were unable to
      phosphorylate Td, to incorporate either [3H]Td or [3H]BrdU or differentiate in
      the presence of BrdU (1-1000 micrograms/ml). The HL-60 TK-deficient cells
      retained the ability to differentiate in the presence of other HL-60 inducers.
      Taken together, the studies suggest myeloid differentiation of HL-60 is triggered
      because of incorporation of BrdU into DNA of the cells.

PMID- 6574134
TI  - Simple enzymatic detection method for urinary sulfated 7 alpha-hydroxy bile acids
      in normal subjects and in patients with acute hepatitis.
AB  - Urinary sulfated primary bile acids, 7 alpha-hydroxy bile acids, are detected by
      an enzymatic method using 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.-, 7
      alpha-HSD) after chromatographic fractionation on Sephadex G-25. Urinary sulfated
      or glucuronated bile acids are hydrolyzed by beta-glucuronidase/sulfatase (EC
      3.2.1.31/EC 3.1.6.1) from Helix pomatia and then released 7 alpha-hydroxy bile
      acids are detected with 7 alpha-HSD in the presence of beta-ND+, diaphorase (EC
      1.6.99.2, from Clostridium kluyveri) and 2-p-iodophenyl-3-p-nitrophenyl-5
      phenyltetrazolium chloride. The absorbance of formazan formed during the enzymic
      reaction is measured at 500 nm. Excretion values of 7 alpha-hydroxy bile acids in
      normal subjects and in patients with acute hepatitis were compared. This
      enzymatic detection method for the excretion pattern of urinary 7 alpha-hydroxy
      bile acids may be useful for clinical diagnosis.

PMID- 6574135
TI  - Biochemical and biomedical applications of capillary column GLC using SIM.
AB  - This report focuses on recent applications of capillary column GLC to the
      analysis of drugs and metabolites, other xenobiotics, natural products, and
      environmental contaminants in samples of biological origin. The increasing use of
      selected ion monitoring, combined with stable isotope methods as a means of GLC
      detection and quantification, is emphasized. Specific topics covered include the
      use of capillary column GLC for 1) determining the pharmacokinetics of timolol
      (BLOCADREN) in human volunteers by simultaneous oral and intravenous
      administration of this beta-blocker and its 13C3-labeled analog; 2) measuring
      residue levels of the forced molting agent, xylonidine, in yolk and albumen of
      chicken eggs; 3) monitoring animal plasma and tissues for the depletion of 5
      hydroxy-1,3-dioxane and 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane (isomeric components of
      glycerol formal, an animal drug formulation component); 4) detecting 13C, 15N
      methyltryptamine (a biosynthesis product from 13C, 15N-tryptamine) in human
      urine; and 5) measuring estradiol levels in biological samples.

PMID- 6574136
TI  - Sibship with 17-ketosteroid reductase (17-KSR) deficiency and hypothyroidism.
      Lack of linkage of histocompatibility leucocyte antigen and 17-KSR loci.
AB  - A family with nine children, three with male pseudohermaphroditism due to
      testicular deficiency of 17-ketosteroid reductase activity (17-KSR) and four with
      congenital hypothyroidism is presented. The three subjects with 17-KSR deficiency
      were raised as females until puberty, at which time they assumed a male gender
      role. Only one developed gynecomastia. Laparotomy on one of the three patients
      revealed normal epididymi and vas deferens with absence of Mullerian structures.
      Testicular biopsy in all three showed Leydig cell hyperplasia, hyalinization of
      the tubular basement membrane, normal Sertoli cells and maturational arrest at
      the spermatogonial stage. The endocrine profile in peripheral blood revealed
      markedly increased plasma androstenedione concentrations but normal testosterone,
      dihydrotestosterone, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and
      dehydroepiandrosterone. The levels of estradiol and estrone and of LH and FSH
      were elevated. Genital skin fibroblasts from the three patients exhibited normal
      dihydrotestosterone-binding activity and 5 alpha-reductase activity. Congenital
      hypothyroidism affected one of the three siblings with male
      pseudohermaphroditism. All four hypothyroid patients had thyroid enlargement and
      significant titers of circulating antithyroglobulin but not antithyroid
      microsomal antibodies. Neither the locus for the 17-KSR enzyme nor that for
      congenital hypothyroidism were linked to the histocompatibility leucocyte antigen
      complex in this sibship. Transmission of the trait for both congenital
      hypothyroidism and 17-KSR deficiency appeared to be autosomal recessive.

PMID- 6574137
TI  - Routine flow cytometric diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders.
AB  - The results of the analysis of suspected lymphoproliferative disorders using flow
      cytometry (FACS II) over the past 12 months have been evaluated and assessed with
      respect to "conventional" microscopical examination. The major advantages in
      using these methods is the speed, the number of parameters which are capable of
      measurement, the sensitivity, and the ability to quantitate large numbers of
      cells for a particular criterion. These qualities have proved extremely helpful
      in the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia,
      lymphoma, and other abnormalities. The combination of flow cytometry and a panel
      of monoclonal antisera (many of which are available commercially) allows the
      investigator a system of fine resolution which can confidently identify or
      characterize an abnormal clone or population of cells. With the increase in
      advanced flow cytometers, it is suggested that time should be allocated for the
      routine analysis of possible lymphomas and leukemias to allow quick and accurate
      evaluations of the disease status.

PMID- 6574139
TI  - Calibrated facebow.

PMID- 6574138
TI  - Lingual orthodontics: a status report. Part 6. Patient and practice management.

PMID- 6574140
TI  - The gift of time.

PMID- 6574141
TI  - Overlay surgery wire.

PMID- 6574142
TI  - The possibility of skeletal anchorage.

PMID- 6574143
TI  - Satellite offices.

PMID- 6574144
TI  - Lingual orthodontics: a status report. Part 7A. Case reports-- nonextraction,
      consolidation.

PMID- 6574146
TI  - Anterior crossbite correction.

PMID- 6574145
TI  - Behavior modification for orthodontic cooperation.

PMID- 6574147
TI  - Distal end gauge.

PMID- 6574148
TI  - Dr. Robert Shaye on functional appliances. Interview by Eugene L. Gottlieb.

PMID- 6574149
TI  - Fibroblast prostaglandin E2 synthesis. Persistence of an abnormal phenotype after
      short-term exposure to mononuclear cell products.
AB  - Acquired abnormalities of connective tissue metabolism in inflammatory diseases
      often persist when lesional tissue is maintained in in vitro culture. Although
      connective tissue cells are exposed to inflammatory cell-derived mediators in
      vivo and such mediators have been shown to alter connective tissue cell behavior,
      it is unclear whether the persistence of metabolic defects in vitro could result
      from remote in vivo exposure to these mediators. An in vitro model was used to
      test whether transient exposure of normal fibroblasts to inflammatory mediators
      could lead to metabolic alterations that persist during in vitro culture. Short
      term exposure of human foreskin fibroblasts in vitro to supernates of mitogen
      activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells led to persistent abnormalities of
      prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) metabolism. Fibroblasts previously exposed to mononuclear
      cell products synthesized more than twice as much PGE2 when stimulated compared
      with similarly stimulated but previously unexposed control fibroblasts of the
      same strain. The enhanced PGE2 synthesis persisted for as long as 20 wk and 19
      cell generations after the original exposure to mononuclear cell products.
      Exposure of fibroblast populations to mononuclear cell products may, thus, lead
      to metabolite alterations that are still evident after multiple cell generations.

PMID- 6574150
TI  - Synchronization of estrus in dairy heifers with prostaglandin F2 alpha with or
      without estradiol benzoate.

PMID- 6574151
TI  - [Soviet engineer develops new stereoscopic technics].

PMID- 6574152
TI  - [Conclusion of a study on the oral health of Quebec residents 65 years of age and
      older].

PMID- 6574153
TI  - Relationships among the oral fusobacteria assessed by DNA-DNA hybridization.
AB  - DNA was purified from 16 strains of Fusobacterium nucleatum and from five strains
      representing other Fusobacterium species. The relationships among fusobacteria
      were examined by DNA-DNA hybridization and by determining the guanine plus
      cytosine content of the DNA. F. nucleatum was found to comprise a heterogenous
      group of organisms related to Fusobacterium periodonticum and Fusobacterium
      simiae, but unrelated to any of the other species of Fusobacterium tested.

PMID- 6574154
TI  - Sodium fluoride susceptibilities of suspected periodontopathic bacteria.
AB  - Utilizing a blood-based medium, we determined the minimum inhibitory
      concentrations (MIC's) to sodium fluoride (NaF) of 45 bacterial strains
      representing 22 oral species. Bacterial susceptibility ranged from 128
      micrograms/ml to 2048 micrograms/ml. Of those organisms tested, Actinobacillus
      actinomycetemcomitans, Capnocytophaga sputigena, Capnocytophaga gingivalis,
      Capnocytophaga ochracea, and Actinomyces viscosus were susceptible at lower
      levels of NaF.

PMID- 6574155
TI  - The development of a novel tooth-root implant material.
AB  - Polyacrylic acid-alumina composites have been developed in this laboratory and
      were found to be biocompatible and resistant to biodegradation. These composites
      can be designed to apply a predetermined pressure on the bone interface which was
      found beneficial for stimulation of new bone formation and increased bone
      densification at the implant interface. Optimization of the physical and
      mechanical properties is presented, and a brief summary of the subcutaneous and
      oral implantation is reported.

PMID- 6574156
TI  - Mechanism of action of an antiseptic, anti-odor mouthwash.
AB  - Inter-related determinants of oral malodor were measured over a three-hour period
      in 30 human subjects after mouthwash treatments. Re-odoration was important to
      mouthwash activity for 30 min. At post-treatment times of 60-180 min, the anti
      odor activity of the product is due solely to its anti-microbial action.

PMID- 6574157
TI  - Blood flow changes in the rabbit maxilla following an anterior osteotomy.
AB  - This investigation considered circulatory changes in the distal segment of an
      anterior maxillary osteotomy produced in nine rabbits. Blood flow in the distal
      pulp, alveolar bone, and mucosa was measured using hydrogen washout. The results
      showed a decrease in blood flow in all tissues with a mucosal rebound within 30
      min.

PMID- 6574158
TI  - Effect of continuous fluoride gel use on plaque fluoride retention and microbial
      activity.
AB  - Twelve consecutive wk of daily five-minute topical applications of 1% NaF gel by
      non-cancer control subjects did not significantly affect plaque concentrations of
      Streptococcus mutans or Lactobacillus spp. Plaque F- levels increased 150% (P
      less than .001), while production of acetate and lactate decreased 40% (P less
      than .007) and 66% (P less than .001), respectively. Long-term (12 wk to more
      than five yr) fluoride gel use by post-irradiation xerostomic cancer patients was
      associated with increases in plaque F- and decreases in acidogenesis similar to
      those observed in the control subjects. Plaque concentrations of cariogenic
      organisms increased during the first yr of radiation-induced xerostomia and
      fluoride gel use, before starting to decline. Although sustained fluoride
      treatment increased (P less than .001) the ratio of fluoride-resistant to
      fluoride-sensitive strains, the number of patients harboring detectable S. mutans
      was diminished (P less than .001).

PMID- 6574159
TI  - A simulation model for transient thermal analysis of restored teeth.
AB  - A theoretical model was developed to analyze the influence of various cement
      bases on temperature distribution and heat flow in restored teeth. A physical
      model of a molar was developed to simulate different thermal processes by simple
      parameter variation. The time-dependent temperature field was calculated using
      the finite element method (FEM). The values for material properties and thermal
      load were chosen from the dental literature. The results are in good agreement
      with clinical experimental research as published by Trowbridge et al. It is
      concluded that the model is a valid tool for further research with regard to the
      influence of restorative materials and cavity design on the thermal behavior of
      restored teeth.

PMID- 6574160
TI  - Water absorption and water solubility of soft lining materials for acrylic
      dentures.
AB  - Soft lining materials undergo two processes when immersed in water. Plasticizers
      and other soluble materials are leached into the water, and water is absorbed by
      the polymer. The balance between these two processes affects both the compliance
      and dimensional stability of the materials.

PMID- 6574161
TI  - A comparison of the in vitro cytotoxicity of two glass-ionomer cements.
AB  - The in vitro cytotoxicity of two glass-ionomer cements--ASPA and ChemBond--was
      compared using a model cavity system which simulates the in vivo situation. Both
      materials were cytotoxic to fibroblasts and macrophages, although differences
      were observed in the time scale and magnitude of the response elicited.

PMID- 6574162
TI  - MPD syndrome.

PMID- 6574163
TI  - Tobacco usage in patients with head and neck carcinomas: a follow-up study on
      habit changes and second primary oral/oropharyngeal cancers.
AB  - One hundred and sixty patients with head and neck carcinomas were followed from
      one to 15 years to assess the associations between tobacco usage and the
      development of multiple head and neck cancers. Seventy-three percent had tobacco
      habits, with nine of ten users smoking cigarettes. In almost one in five patients
      (18.1%), second primary oral/oropharyngeal cancers developed in a mean time of
      five years. Those who did not change their original tobacco habits incurred the
      greatest risk, as a second primary cancer developed in 30%. Reducing or
      discontinuing smoking appeared to have a beneficial effect. There was also an
      increased risk for multiple cancers in males, probably because of their larger
      amount of daily smoking.

PMID- 6574164
TI  - Observations on nickel-free, beryllium-free alloys for fixed prostheses.
AB  - Mechanical properties, electrochemical behavior, heat treatment response, micro
      structural features, and compositions of two proprietary nickel-free, beryllium
      free fixed prosthodontic alloys were studied. The alloys showed compositional and
      microstructural differences. Mechanical property values of Biocast and Neobond II
      are comparable with those of base metal alloys for removable partial dentures.
      The high hardness, high modulus of elasticity, and low elongation impede
      adjustment, adaptation of margins, and polishing of the final restoration.

PMID- 6574165
TI  - Cryosurgical treatment of oral lesions: report of cases.
AB  - Cryosurgery has been both effective and predictable in the treatment of benign,
      premalignant, and superficially malignant oral disease. Its conservative, vital
      tissue-sparing, nonhemorrhagic, noninfective, painless nature gives it, in our
      opinion, clear preference over other modes of treatment for oral lesions. The
      cases presented demonstrate this fact and illustrate cryosurgery's effectiveness
      as an outpatient surgery technique.

PMID- 6574166
TI  - Excessive wear of natural tooth structure by opposing composite restorations.
AB  - Extreme care must be taken to evaluate the probable effect of using certain
      restorative materials to oppose existing tooth structure, particularly when
      dentin is exposed. In addition, frequent recall examination, every one or two
      months, is necessary to catch any problems in their beginning stages and to solve
      them before greater damage can be caused. It is also suggested that evaluation of
      any occlusal habits be made before deciding on a plan to alter vertical dimension
      and to carefully consider the effects of the materials used in a restoration on
      the opposing arch.

PMID- 6574167
TI  - Hypersensitivity to procaine, tetracaine, mepivacaine, and methylparaben: report
      of a case.
AB  - The patient who comes for dental treatment with a history of hypersensitivity to
      local anesthetics is often denied the benefits of adequate pain control during
      dental therapy. Ninety percent of the patients challenged by Incaudo and
      associates were being evaluated because they needed local anesthesia for dental
      treatment. These same patients may some day need local anesthetic agents for
      minor surgery or for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. For those cases in
      which an allergic reaction is suspected, consultation with an allergist may prove
      beneficial to the patient by providing information and a local anesthetic that
      the patient can receive safely for both medical and dental needs.

PMID- 6574168
TI  - Gingival sequela from a retained piece of dental floss.
AB  - A case was reported where a piece of dental floss broke and was retained in an
      interproximal area. The patient came to the clinic a few days later with a
      periodontal abscess. After the retained fragment of dental floss was removed, the
      abscess resolved. Therefore, a retained portion of dental floss should be
      immediately removed to prevent gingival irritation and tissue injury.

PMID- 6574169
TI  - Painful, recurrent vesiculoulcerative lesions on the hard palate.

PMID- 6574170
TI  - Report of the president's conference on the examination, diagnosis, and
      management of temporomandibular disorders.

PMID- 6574171
TI  - Denture cleansers. Council on Dental Materials, Instruments, and Equipment.

PMID- 6574172
TI  - Retirement solutions.

PMID- 6574173
TI  - Forensic evidence.

PMID- 6574174
TI  - Hazards of organic materials.

PMID- 6574175
TI  - Prosthodontic procedure.

PMID- 6574177
TI  - Gerontologist sees retirement as career change.

PMID- 6574176
TI  - Retirement: following the right road.

PMID- 6574178
TI  - Composite resin interim restorations for broken-down nonvital posterior teeth.
AB  - The fabrication of interim restorations using a retentive groove preparation
      design with a custom composite resin core material has been used in my private
      practice for more than ten years with gratifying results. In the past 2 1/2
      years, more than 800 such restorations have been documented and placed at the
      University of Southern California School of Dentistry. Pre-endodontic preparation
      of nonvital teeth with advanced carious lesions and defective restorations
      eliminates potential impediments to pulp therapy. A quality interim restoration
      provides the dentist with a diagnosis of restorability before pulp therapy,
      protects severely damaged teeth, and promotes periodontal health. Future
      endodontic treatment is simplified and patient satisfaction is increased.

PMID- 6574179
TI  - A corporation-based computerized preventive dentistry program.
AB  - A pilot dental program providing diagnostic and preventive services within a
      corporation has been in operation for two years at the Johnson & Johnson Dental
      Products Co. The charting system is computerized, allowing automatic problem
      lists and preventive progress sheets to be generated. Patients are encouraged to
      see their dentists for treatment of all problems diagnosed. Initial data have
      demonstrated a significant improvement in periodontal health and a significant
      reduction in carious lesions. The dental awareness of the participants has been
      greatly improved and a majority are receiving comprehensive dental care. This
      demonstrates the effectiveness of this program in which the focus is on oral
      health through dental diagnosis and prevention.

PMID- 6574180
TI  - Wavelength and intensity of seven systems for visible light-curing composite
      resins: a comparison study.

PMID- 6574181
TI  - Simulation of white enamel discoloration in composite resin veneer restorations.

PMID- 6574182
TI  - Gingival response to class V composite resin restorations.

PMID- 6574183
TI  - Rapidly growing, nonpainful, ulcerated swelling in the posterolateral palate.

PMID- 6574184
TI  - Report of symposium: root surface caries. Council on Dental Research and Council
      on Dental Therapeutics.

PMID- 6574185
TI  - A brief overview of the franchise concept as applied to the practice of
      dentistry. Council on Dental Practice.

PMID- 6574186
TI  - Safety of dental amalgam. Council on Dental Materials, Instruments, and
      Equipment, Council on Dental Therapeutics.

PMID- 6574187
TI  - Survey of constituent dental societies' peer review systems: organization and
      administration. Council on Dental Care Programs.

PMID- 6574188
TI  - Health insurance tax: an expensive burden on dentistry.

PMID- 6574189
TI  - A unique antigen expressed on myeloid cells and acute leukemia blast cells
      defined by a monoclonal antibody.
AB  - A murine hybridoma-derived monoclonal antibody, PM-81, was obtained from a fusion
      of cells of the NS-1 myeloma cell line with cells from a mouse immunized with the
      HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cell line. This cytotoxic IgM monoclonal antibody
      was specific for myeloid cells. Employing indirect immunofluorescence and flow
      cytometry, we determined that this antibody reacts strongly with normal human
      granulocytes, eosinophils, and monocytes but not lymphocytes (including
      phytohemagglutinin-activated lymphocytes), null cells, red blood cells, or
      platelets. Moreover, the PM-81 antibody reacts with leukemia cells from 19 of 22
      patients with acute myelocytic leukemia of all FAB subclasses, three of three
      patients with common acute lymphocytic leukemia, four of four patients with
      chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) in myeloid blast crisis (terminal transferase
      (TdT)-negative) but did not react with cells from two patients with CML in
      lymphoid blast crisis (TdT-positive) or five patients with chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia. The myeloid cell lines HL-60, K562, KG-1, and U937 were all reactive
      with PM-81. The lymphoid lines CCRF-CEM and Daudi did not express PM-81 but HSB-2
      was positive. The PM-81 antigen was absent on myeloid and erythroid progenitor
      cells as determined by their insusceptibility to complement-dependent lysis. In
      addition, only PM-81-unreactive cells were capable of colony formation.
      Furthermore, the PM-81 antibody does not appear to induce modulation of the
      antigen to which it binds. Thus, this monoclonal antibody appears to fulfill
      several criteria for clinical utility in the diagnosis and treatment of both
      acute myelocytic and acute lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6574190
TI  - Characterization of an antigen expressed by human natural killer cells.
AB  - A monoclonal antibody, anti-N901, was produced by fusing NS-1 myeloma cells with
      spleen cells of a mouse immunized with human CML cells. This antibody was
      reactive with a subpopulation of peripheral blood LGL, including the natural
      killer cells. Monocytes, granulocytes, B cells, T cells (T3+ cells),
      erythrocytes, and platelets were nonreactive. The N901-positive cells in the
      peripheral blood were heterogeneous with respect to expression of other cell
      surface antigens. The majority of N901+ cells co-expressed T11, Mo1, and HNK-1,
      whereas a smaller percentage expressed T8. Ia, T3, T4, Mo2, or B1 antigens were
      very uncommon on N901+ cells. The heterogeneity of the N901+ LGL was further
      investigated by examining the expression of N901 antigen on a series of cloned
      normal human NK cell lines. N901 antigen was expressed by each of the NK cell
      lines tested, and by a minority of cloned T cell lines without NK activity. Anti
      N901 does not block NK activity and can be used to rapidly purify functional NK
      cells for further study.

PMID- 6574191
TI  - Quantitation of cutaneous Langerhans cells of sarcoidosis patients.
AB  - Langerhans cells play a role in cell-mediated immune reactions which are often
      depressed in sarcoidosis. We examined the epidermis of 17 anergic patients with
      sarcoidosis (Kveim-reactive and/or biopsy-proved) for the number of Langerhans
      cells in noninvolved skin and in any cutaneous sarcoidal lesions. Skin biopsies
      of 10 healthy volunteers served as controls. In comparison to controls, the
      epidermis overlying noninvolved (p less than 0.05), sarcoidal (p less than
      0.0005), and Kveim-reactive (p less than 0.005) skin contained significantly
      fewer detectable Ia and T6 antigen-bearing Langerhans cells. The reductions
      within noninvolved skin were most pronounced in patients with multisystem
      disease. Lower epidermal Langerhans cell densities, in comparison to controls,
      were detected in both prednisone-treated and untreated patients. Epidermis
      overlying sarcoidal skin of untreated patients contained significantly fewer Ia
      and T6 antigen-bearing Langerhans cells (p less than 0.05, p less than 0.0025,
      respectively) than epidermis from noninvolved skin. Whether reduced numbers of
      cutaneous Langerhans cells are due to either a local and/or systemic effect of
      sarcoidosis, or reflect the anergic state of these patients is unknown.

PMID- 6574192
TI  - A persistant dentigerous cyst: a case report and review of the literature.

PMID- 6574193
TI  - Surgical emphysema in the subcutaneous tissues of the face following restorative
      procedures.

PMID- 6574194
TI  - Source of fluoride intake.

PMID- 6574195
TI  - [A case report: adult glycogen storage disease type IA (von Gierke's disease)
      with gout and platelet dysfunction].

PMID- 6574196
TI  - The renal concentrating defect after gentamicin administration in the rat.
AB  - The present studies were carried out to delineate the mechanism of the polyuric
      state and renal concentration defect seen after gentamicin. Gentamicin was given
      at a dosage of 100 mg/kg/day subcutaneously for either 4 or 5 days to Sprague
      Dawley rats and resulted in a reversible, polyuric form of acute renal failure.
      This nonoliguric acute renal failure was accompanied by significant polydipsia
      and a renal concentrating defect 11 days after gentamicin. To assess the role of
      polydipsia in the polyuria and renal concentrating abnormality, water intake was
      restricted in gentamicin-treated animals to match intake of control animals.
      Elimination of the polydipsia failed to eliminate the polyuria and to improve the
      renal concentrating abnormality. Postdehydration plasma vasopressin levels were
      higher in gentamicin-treated than control animals, suggesting that the renal
      concentrating defect was nephrogenic in origin. Daily urinary prostaglandin E2
      excretion was comparable in gentamicin-treated and control animals. However,
      indomethacin failed to improve urinary concentrating ability, suggesting that the
      renal concentrating defect was prostaglandin E2 independent. Finally, depressed
      postdehydration inner medullary tonicity was found in gentamicin-treated animals
      In summary, gentamicin administration in the rat was associated with a reversible
      polyuric form of acute renal failure and a renal concentrating defect. This
      concentration defect was nephrogenic in origin, independent of polydipsia and
      prostaglandin E2, and was associated with a decrease in inner medullary tonicity.

PMID- 6574197
TI  - Cemental changes in teeth with heavily infected root canals.

PMID- 6574198
TI  - The effect of calcium hydroxide on porcine pulp fibroblasts in vitro.

PMID- 6574199
TI  - Maxillary lateral incisor with two roots and dens formation: a case report.

PMID- 6574200
TI  - Upper first premolar with congenitally missing buccal root: a case report.

PMID- 6574201
TI  - Single-visit endodontics: a clinical study.

PMID- 6574202
TI  - Organic iodine: a substitute for BaSO4 in apexification procedures.

PMID- 6574203
TI  - A method for the removal of broken endodontic instruments from root canals.

PMID- 6574204
TI  - Intrapulpal injection: distribution of an injected solution.

PMID- 6574205
TI  - The role of oral microorganisms in the pathogenesis of periapical pathosis. I.
      Effect of Streptococcus mutans and its cellular constituents on the dental pulp
      and periapical tissue of cats.

PMID- 6574206
TI  - Systemic distribution of 14C-labeled Paraformaldehyde incorporated within
      Formocresol following pulpotomies in dogs.

PMID- 6574208
TI  - Periapical healing in spite of incomplete root canal debridement and filling.

PMID- 6574207
TI  - Twenty years of endodontic success and failure.

PMID- 6574209
TI  - The removal of difficult silver cones.

PMID- 6574210
TI  - Foam cell transformation in periapical lesions of endodontic origin.

PMID- 6574211
TI  - Bacterial infiltration of dentin as influenced by proprietary chelating agents.

PMID- 6574212
TI  - Serotonin or its agonist 5-methoxytryptamine can stimulate hamster sperm acrosome
      reactions in a more direct manner than catecholamines.
AB  - Serotonin (50 microM) or its agonist 5-methoxytryptamine (5 microM) stimulated
      the acrosome reactions of golden hamster sperm within 15 min after addition to
      sperm capacitated in vitro for 4.5 h. The stimulation was inhibited by the
      serotonin receptor antagonists quipazine or cyproheptadine. Epinephrine (70
      microM), norepinephrine (50 microM), and dopamine (25 microM) were unable to
      stimulate acrosome reactions even at 30 min under the same conditions, even
      though previous studies had demonstrated stimulation by these catecholamines at
      the same concentrations when present from the start of the capacitation time
      course. Epinephrine (5 microM) also was unable to stimulate at 30 min. These
      results demonstrate that serotonin and its agonist have a more direct effect on
      the hamster sperm acrosome reaction than other biogenic amines and that the
      effect is receptor-mediated.

PMID- 6574213
TI  - Diffuse abdominal uptake of Ga-67 citrate in a patient with hypoproteinemia.
AB  - A 3-wk-old male, with abdominal distention and severe hypoproteinemia from poor
      nutrition, underwent a study that showed a persistent diffuse abdominal uptake of
      Ga-67 citrate, indicating pyogenic or tuberculous peritonitis. However, there
      were no corresponding clinical or laboratory findings. After a 1-wk course of
      hyperalimentation with albumin, furosemide, and protein, repeat radiographs
      showed reduction in bowel gas. It is suggested that hypoproteinemia should be
      considered as a possibility in the differential diagnosis when there is diffuse
      abdominal uptake of Ga-67 citrate, with careful clinical correlation. Possible
      mechanism of Ga-67 uptake in the peritoneal cavity is suggested.

PMID- 6574214
TI  - Occlusal splints.

PMID- 6574215
TI  - Oklahoma dental manpower: the 1,2,3's.

PMID- 6574216
TI  - Are you using the right amalgam?

PMID- 6574217
TI  - A new concept in the treatment of osteoradionecrosis.

PMID- 6574218
TI  - The relation of tooth extraction to anginal attack.
AB  - This clinical study retrospectively compared the relationship of anginal attack
      during dental extractions with factors such as blood pressure, heart rate, rate
      pressure product, and electrocardiographic findings. The anesthetic procedure
      produced the greatest change in the various parameters. No direct relationship
      could be observed between anginal attack and doses of lidocaine, epinephrine, and
      premedicative drug or time required for treatment.

PMID- 6574219
TI  - Aberrations involving the enamel epithelium in transplanted developing teeth.
AB  - Structural changes that occurred when unerupted developing permanent teeth in
      dogs were transferred to other bony crypts or surgically prepared sockets were
      assessed histologically. The enamel epithelium and pieces of enamel matrix were
      often displaced from the developing teeth and contained within the dental sac.
      The epithelium underwent metaplasia, cysts frequently developed, and cementum was
      formed in moderate quantities when enamel matrix was directly in contact with
      connective tissues. Development of the crowns did not continue normally, and the
      teeth did not erupt.

PMID- 6574220
TI  - Healing of experimentally induced orbital floor defects.

PMID- 6574221
TI  - Primary intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the anterior part of the
      mandible.

PMID- 6574222
TI  - Osteomyelitis of the mandible associated with osteopetrosis.

PMID- 6574223
TI  - Clinicopathologic conferences. Case 45, Part II: Dentigerous cyst of the mandible
      with ameloblastomatous changes.

PMID- 6574224
TI  - Perioperative modification of the morris pin splint.

PMID- 6574225
TI  - Combining the Irby head frame and the Morris external pin fixation set to
      stabilize midface fractures.

PMID- 6574226
TI  - Pharyngeal flap extension as an adjunct to maxillary advancement in patients with
      cleft palate.

PMID- 6574227
TI  - Suppression of penicillin-resistant oral Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
      with tetracycline. Considerations in endocarditis prophylaxis.
AB  - Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is an oral bacterium which is being
      encountered with increasing frequency in infective endocarditis. This organism
      occurs in high numbers in periodontitis lesions of patients with localized
      juvenile periodontitis (periodontosis). It is present infrequently, and only in
      low numbers in most other individuals. Its common resistance to penicillin,
      erythromycin and vancomycin represents a clinical problem in patients at risk of
      developing endocarditis after dental treatment. However, the high activity of
      tetracyclines against A. actinomycetemcomitans may be useful in prophylactic
      endocarditis considerations by allowing a suppression of the organism prior to
      the institution of recommended prophylactic protocols. In this study, we
      determined the effect of systemic tetracycline-HCl therapy (1 gm/day) on the oral
      A. actinomycetemcomitans population in five localized juvenile periodontitis
      patients who were heavily infected with the organism. A. actinomycetemcomitans
      could not be detected in samples of subgingival and supragingival dental plaque
      and cheek mucosal surfaces following 14 days of administration of systemic
      tetracycline. The organism was still undetectable 3 weeks after therapy but it
      reappeared at a few oral sites at week 8 post-treatment. On the basis of this
      data, it is proposed that the prophylactic endocarditis therapy of patients with
      high numbers of penicillin-resistant A. actinomycetemcomitans include a two-stage
      approach: first, the systemic administration of tetracycline for 14 days, and
      second, institution of a conventional prophylactic protocol during the time of
      dental treatment.

PMID- 6574228
TI  - Rapidly progressive periodontitis. A distinct clinical condition.
AB  - We report radiographic, clinical, historical, and laboratory observations on
      seven patients selected to illustrate the features and characteristics of rapidly
      progressive periodontitis, with the aim of establishing this disease as a
      distinct clinical entity. This form of periodontitis is seen most commonly in
      young adults in their twenties, but it can occur in postpubertal individuals up
      to approximately 35 years of age. During the active phase, the gingival tissues
      are extremely inflamed and there is hemorrhage, proliferation of the marginal
      gingiva, and exudation. Destruction is very rapid, with loss of much of the
      alveolar bone occurring within a few weeks or months. This phase may be
      accompanied by general malaise, weight loss, and depression, although these
      symptoms are not seen in all patients. The disease may progress, without
      remission, to tooth loss, or alternatively, it may subside and become quiescent
      with or without therapy. The quiescent phase is characterized by the presence of
      clinically normal gingiva that may be tightly adapted to the roots of teeth with
      very advanced bone loss and deep periodontal pockets. The quiescent phase may be
      permanent, it may persist for an indefinite period, or the disease activity may
      return. Most patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis have serum
      antibodies specific for various species of Bacteroides, Actinobacillus, or both,
      and manifest defects in either neutrophil or monocyte chemotaxis. Affected
      patients generally respond favorably to treatment by scaling and open or closed
      curettage, especially when accompanied by standard doses of antibiotics for
      conventional time periods. A small minority of patients do not respond to any
      treatment, including antibiotics, and the disease progresses inexorably to tooth
      loss even in the presence of aggressive periodontal therapy and maintenance. At
      the present time it is not possible to distinguish prior to treatment which
      individuals will respond to therapy and which will not.

PMID- 6574229
TI  - Total cementum removal: a realistic objective?
AB  - The purpose of the study was to determine if total cementum removal from
      periodontally involved root surfaces was a clinically realistic objective. The
      experimental specimens were 36 periodontally involved teeth, extracted because of
      advanced periodontal disease. Eighteen teeth were from patients under age 36
      while the other 18 were from patients over 36. All teeth had at least 6 mm of
      attachment loss on the proximal surface tested and showed no evidence of forceps
      damage. After removing all visible calculus, equal numbers of each tooth type in
      each age group were given 50 planing strokes with either a Jacquette scaler, a
      Gracey curet, or an Indiana University curet. Following the planing procedure the
      specimens were fixed, decalcified, and 7 microns thick sections prepared and
      stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Two teeth were excluded from the evaluation
      due to poor orientation. In none of the remaining 34 teeth was cementum totally
      removed over the entire proximal test surface. There was no apparent difference
      between the instruments in the amount of residual cementum found. Larger amounts
      of residual cementum were seen in more apical areas in both age groups.

PMID- 6574231
TI  - Comparison of a universal mounting jig to a face-bow.

PMID- 6574230
TI  - The distribution of plasma cells in naturally occurring periodontitis lesions in
      rats. A light and electron microscopic study.
AB  - Plasma cells are widely distributed in inflamed periodontal tissues, the adjacent
      periodontal ligament and nearby alveolar bone spaces, of old rats (20 and 27
      months) raised on a conventional diet in a normal laboratory environment.
      Electron microscopy revealed three morphologic types (or perhaps stages) of these
      cells based on the arrangement and content of the granular endoplasmic reticulum.
      Close contact between plasma cells and other cell types, such as lymphocytes,
      macrophages and fibroblasts, were commonly observed. It is suggested that plasma
      cell infiltration is a widespread and prominent feature of naturally occurring
      periodontitis in old rats, resembling the condition known to exist in humans,
      monkeys and dogs. The occurrence of large numbers of apparently fully
      differentiated plasma cells in otherwise normal alveolar bone marrow is
      discussed.

PMID- 6574232
TI  - Effects of cyanoacrylates on die stone.
AB  - An evaluation was made of the effects of the application of an increasing number
      of coats of cyanoacrylate on die stone. The application of one coat of
      cyanoacrylate adhesive on the surface of trimmed and marked dies increases the
      surface hardness, increases the scratch resistance, will not change the
      dimensions of the die appreciably, and renders the margin marking more permanent.
      Excess resin should be removed immediately by compressed air. The use of hardener
      instead of water is recommended for mixing Type IV dental stone. Use of the
      cyanoacrylate method will aid the dentist and the technician in achieving an
      accurate crown fit.

PMID- 6574233
TI  - Exhaled mercury following removal and insertion of amalgam restorations.

PMID- 6574234
TI  - An evaluation of the marginal adaptation of extracoronal restorations during
      cementation.

PMID- 6574235
TI  - A mathematical treatise on the fit of crown castings.
AB  - A mathematical analysis was given to calculate the marginal cement thickness, Dm,
      of a cemented crown casting as a function of the minimum cement film thickness,
      F; the width, W, of the base of the tapered region; the width, W', at the bevel
      (if present) of the tooth preparation; the taper angle, theta; the marginal
      angle, beta; and the compensatory expansion, X, of the metal investment system:
      Dm = [F/sin theta - 0.5(X - 1) (W cot theta - W' cot beta)] sin beta. The
      elevation of the cemented casting, delta H, above the tooth preparation may also
      be obtained from this equation by substituting beta = 90 degrees, in which case
      Dm = delta H. The effect of the preparation of a chamfer margin or bevel on the
      marginal film thickness may be calculated from this equation. An additional
      analysis showed that the minimum marginal cement thickness, Dm = F, can be
      obtained for a shoulder preparation and X values of common metal-investment
      systems by applying a spacer of appropriate thickness on the entire occlusal and
      axial walls of the die. This renders the preparation of bevels superfluous. The
      thickness of the spacer should allow for the cement film thickness, roughness of
      the tooth and casting surfaces, dimensional inaccuracies of the die, and
      distortions of the wax pattern. If the spacer is thicker than required, a minimum
      value of Dm is still obtained for preparations without bevels. If the horizontal
      part of the die shoulder is covered as well with the spacer, a greater spacer
      thickness is required to obtain a minimum value of Dm than if the spacer extends
      to the end of the axial walls. In this case the spacer thickness should be
      greater on the occlusal die wall than on other regions of the die for values of X
      smaller than 1. The spacer should also be thicker in the occlusal region if
      restriction of the investment setting expansion by the wax pattern occurs mainly
      in this region.

PMID- 6574236
TI  - Osteoradionecrosis associated with definitive radiation therapy for head and neck
      malignancies.

PMID- 6574237
TI  - Articulator modification for maxillofacial prosthetics.

PMID- 6574238
TI  - A twenty-year evaluation of subperiosteal implants.
AB  - All Vitallium subperiosteal mandibular implants placed at UMKC from 1955 to 1975
      were reevaluated from four objective and subjective standpoints. It can be
      concluded that (1) the UMKC implants surpass the 5- and 10-year longevity
      standards of the Harvard Conference on Dental Implants; (2) periodic recall is an
      important part of an implant program; (3) acute inflammation is prevalent among
      implant patients; (4) surgical removal of part of an implant framework can be
      preventive treatment and prolong the life of the implant; (5) all but one of the
      implants reviewed were successful to a degree; (6) unilateral anesthesia or
      paresthesia can be expected in approximately 50% of patients; (7) anesthesia was
      not a deterrent to success in this study; (8) satisfaction with the implants was
      absolute; and (9) if removal of an implant was necessary, patients requested
      replacement if possible.

PMID- 6574239
TI  - Craniomandibular disorders and headaches.
AB  - Three hundred patients were questioned regarding frequency of headache pain. One
      hundred forty-one patients were seeking treatment at the University of Kentucky
      College of Dentistry TMJ Clinic for CMD. A comparison group of 159 was selected
      from persons being screened for routine dental needs. The following findings
      regarding incidence and frequency of headache pain were observed: 1. The
      incidence of headache pain was twice as high in the CMD group than in the
      comparison group (p less than .001). 2. Of the persons in each group reporting
      the occurrence of headaches, the frequency of headaches in the CMD group was
      significantly higher (44%) than in the comparison group (p less than .001).
      Thirty-three patients with headache pain were treated for a 4-week period with
      occlusal splint therapy. Patients were questioned regarding the number of
      headaches per week they had before and after occlusal splint therapy. The
      following results were observed: 1. Twenty-one (63.6%) patients showed a decrease
      in the frequency of their headaches. 2. Ten (30.3%) patients showed complete
      remission of headaches. 3. No patient showed an increase in the frequency of
      headaches. 4. As a group the average number of headaches per week before
      treatment was 5.06; after occlusal splint therapy the average number of headaches
      per week was 2.15 (p less than .001).

PMID- 6574240
TI  - Occlusal adjustment in patients with residual or recurrent signs of mandibular
      dysfunction.

PMID- 6574241
TI  - Radiographic examination of the abnormal temporomandibular joint.
AB  - Diagnosis of TMJ complaints is a complex and difficult task. To better define
      treatment procedures a firm diagnosis must be established. Radiographs are an aid
      in confirming diagnosis of TMJ abnormalities. This article has discussed six
      basic TMJ abnormalities and suggested the optimal radiographic technique for
      confirming each specific abnormality. Because transmission techniques can only
      confirm radiographic changes, emission techniques should be considered to
      evaluate TMJ pathologic activity in early disease prior to definitive bony
      change. The following can be concluded: 1. In specific TMJ abnormalities,
      specific emission or transmission radiographs are useful for confirmation. Early
      definition of all TMJ osseous activity is better defined by emission techniques;
      while chronic disturbances cause structure change, which is best seen in
      transmission techniques. 2. Superimposition, angular distortion, reproducibility,
      and definition of cartilaginous structures (for example, the meniscus) are
      limitations of transmission techniques. These limitations can be improved by
      tomography, cephalometric-corrected tomography, computer-assisted tomography, and
      arthrography of the TMJ. 3. In emission technology structural definition as seen
      in transmission techniques is lost, while visualization of bone reactivity as
      seen in early disease is gained.

PMID- 6574242
TI  - Accuracy and repeatability of a new procedure for temporomandibular joint
      laminagraphy.

PMID- 6574243
TI  - Jaw separation and maximum incising force.
AB  - A gnathodynamometer was constructed to study the effect of varying the degree of
      jaw opening on the maximum incising forces in 20 human subjects. The incising
      force was greatest when the gap (distance) between the incisal edges of maxillary
      and mandibular incisors was 17 +/- 3 mm. We suggest that with further refinement,
      the measurement of the optimum distance could be used to determine the occlusal
      vertical dimension. The IEMG was monitored simultaneously with the incising-force
      measurements. No relationship was found between the maximum incising force and
      the IEMG at different openings of the jaws.

PMID- 6574244
TI  - Rigid, stable, maxillary denture bases.

PMID- 6574245
TI  - Epidemiologic studies of mandibular dysfunction: a critical review.

PMID- 6574246
TI  - Report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of
      Restorative Dentistry.

PMID- 6574247
TI  - Public health education and promotion for caries prevention: the role of dental
      schools.

PMID- 6574248
TI  - Supervised weekly rinsing with a 0.2 percent neutral NaF solution: final results
      of a demonstration program after six school years.
AB  - The results of a school-based fluoride mouthrinsing program in the elementary
      schools of a Long Island, New York community (F less than or equal to 0.1 ppm)
      was described. Children enrolled in this continuing program rinse once a week for
      60 seconds with a 0.2 percent neutral NaF solution. Kindergarteners rinse with
      5.0 ml.; children in the first through sixth grade rinse with 10 ml. Program
      personnel mix and distribute the rinse to the classrooms. Rinsing is supervised
      by homeroom teachers. A random sample of 125 children from each grade level
      (approximately 750 children) annually receive visual-tactile caries examinations
      from the same examiner. Mean caries prevalence scores after participation in the
      rinsing program are compared to the caries prevalence of children that were
      examined in 1975, before the program began. There has been 170 scheduled rinse
      sessions during six years. By the sixth-year examinations, first graders rinsed
      for one year (as kindergarteners), second graders for two years, etc. All
      children who were examined began participation in the program as kindergarteners.
      The findings after six years of the rinsing program included: 1. There was a 54.1
      percent reduction in the mean DMFT caries prevalence score and a 55.2 percent
      reduction in the mean DMFS score. 2. The greatest percentage caries reduction,
      68.8 percent, occurred for proximal surfaces, and the greatest absolute reduction
      occurred for occlusal surfaces. 3. The percentage of children with a caries-free
      permanent dentition increased from 43.5 percent to 66.3 percent. Of those
      children with caries, more were in the low caries category (DMFS = 1-4) compared
      to children who were examined before the rinsing program began.

PMID- 6574249
TI  - Dental public health's future as a dental specialty depends on improving AAPHD's
      national visibility and performance.

PMID- 6574250
TI  - Lesions of the head and face--the dentist may see them first.

PMID- 6574252
TI  - Maternal deaths in New Jersey--1981.

PMID- 6574251
TI  - Five canals in a lower first molar.

PMID- 6574253
TI  - The postnatal aspiration pattern.

PMID- 6574254
TI  - Transfontanelle real-time ultrasonography of the neonatal head: a prospective
      study.

PMID- 6574255
TI  - The impaired physicians program. Identification.

PMID- 6574256
TI  - Camera care and cleaning, or, TLC for your SLR.

PMID- 6574257
TI  - Doctor, guard thy practice!

PMID- 6574258
TI  - The use of tricalcium (Synthograft). Part I: Its use in extensive periodontal
      defects.

PMID- 6574259
TI  - The use of Synthograft in periodontal bony defects.

PMID- 6574260
TI  - A 2.4-kilobase-pair fragment of the Friend murine leukemia virus genome contains
      the sequences responsible for friend murine leukemia virus-induced
      erythroleukemia.
AB  - Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) is a replication-competent, ecotropic, NB
      tropic retrovirus which produces a rapidly fatal erythroleukemia in susceptible
      strains of mice. We previously molecularly cloned the entire F-MuLV genome.
      Transfection of this cloned DNA into NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts produces a virus
      with the same leukemia-inducing characteristics as F-MuLV. To identify which
      portion of the F-MuLV genome is responsible for causing leukemia, we made
      recombinant viruses between subgenomic fragments of F-MuLV DNA and another
      retrovirus--Amphotroph clone 4070. Amphotroph clone 4070 is a replication
      competent, amphotrophic, N-tropic virus which does not produce any detectable
      malignancy in mice. A 2.4-kilobase-pair fragment of F-MuLV DNA was isolated. This
      DNA fragment encompassed approximately 700 base pairs from the 3' end of the F
      MuLV pol gene and 1.7 kilobase pairs of the env gene including all of gp70 and
      the N-terminal four-fifths of p15E. A molecularly cloned fragment of Amphotroph
      DNA was ligated to the 2.4-kilobase-pair F-MuLV DNA, and an 8.3-kilobase-pair
      hybrid F-MuLV-Amphotroph DNA was subcloned into a new plasmid (p5a25-H).
      Transfection of p5a25-H DNA into fibroblasts resulted in the production of a
      replication-competent, ecotropic, N-tropic retrovirus--5a25-H virus. Inoculation
      of this virus into newborn NIH Swiss mice caused leukemia within 4 to 6 months.
      The disease caused by 5a25-H was pathologically and histologically
      indistinguishable from the disease caused by F-MuLV. We conclude that the F-MuLV
      sequences needed to cause disease are contained in these 2.4 kilobase pairs of
      DNA.

PMID- 6574261
TI  - Prostaglandin type E activity dominates in urinary tract smooth muscle in vitro.
AB  - Changes in isometric tension and spontaneous contractions in human and porcine
      lower urinary tract smooth muscle strips caused by PGE2, PGF2a and the
      prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibitor ketoprofen were investigated in vitro.
      Ketoprofen reduced the prostaglandin biosynthesis significantly and caused
      reversible and dose dependent decreases of tension and spontaneous contractions
      in detrusor strips, while tension increase was induced in strips from the
      urethra, bladder neck and trigone. PGE2 reestablished the tension and the
      spontaneous activity in the detrusor strips and counteracted the tension increase
      in strips from the urethra, bladder neck and trigone. PGF2a increased the tension
      in all strips. The threshold concentration for prostaglandin effect in strips
      pretreated with ketoprofen was 10(-10) - 10(-9) mol./l., a concentration which
      might be considered physiologically relevant. Prostaglandin synthesis inhibition
      thus caused responses opposite to those of PGE2 in every single strip. These
      results strongly suggest the PGE-type of activity to be more important than the
      PGF-type of activity in lower urinary tract smooth muscle in vitro.

PMID- 6574262
TI  - Preventing mercury poisoning in dental practice.

PMID- 6574263
TI  - [The effect of cefmetazole in the treatment of acute prostatitis and acute
      epididymitis].
AB  - Cefmetazole (CMZ) was intravenously injected to 12 patients with acute
      prostatitis as well as 3 patients with acute epididymitis. Good clinical results
      were obtained in 10 patients (91.7%) with acute prostatitis and 2 patients (100%)
      with acute epididymitis. No side effects were reported in all of 23 patients.
      Thus, CMZ could be expected to reveal good response in the treatment of male
      genital infections.

PMID- 6574264
TI  - [Cooperative studies on clinical effect of cefotetan for severe infections
      combined with hematologic disorders].
AB  - Seventy-six patients with severe infection accompanying hematologic disorders
      including leukemia and lymphoma were treated with intravenous drip infusion of
      cefotetan (CTT). Of the 66 cases in whom the efficacy could be evaluated, 22
      cases responded markedly and 16 cases moderately, the effective rate being 57.6%.
      It is impressed that more cases responded markedly to CTT than to any other
      antibiotics previously studied. None of the cases revealed serious side effects
      attributable to CTT. These results indicate that CTT is an effective and safe
      antibiotic for the treatment of severe infection accompanying hematologic
      disorders. As CTT was administered to special cases under marked decrease of
      neutrocyte, the importance of neutrocyte in the treatment of infection was also
      indicated.

PMID- 6574265
TI  - [Tissue distribution of cefotetan in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].
AB  - The concentrations of cefotetan (CTT) in serum, uterus, ovary and oviduct tissues
      were determined in 30 patients after single intravenous drip infusion of 1 g over
      1 hour. 1. Peripheral blood level of CTT was determined from 3 to 24 hours after
      injection. The maximum level was observed at 3 hours after injection and the
      concentration went down gradually with time. 2. The tissue concentrations of CTT
      in intrapelvic organs also tended to decrease with time and hardly detected 24
      hours after injection. 3. From 3 to 12 hours after injection, mean penetration
      rate of CTT into intrapelvic organs was 40% and more. 4. Among intrapelvic
      organs, penetration rate into portio was highest, and others were ovary, uterine
      cervix, oviduct, endometrium, myometrium and uterine myoma in order of lowering
      penetration rate. 5. The penetration rate into uterine myoma was approximately
      half that into normal tissue. Considering above results, CTT is expected to show
      sufficient effects against Gram-negative bacilli and Bacteroides sp. when
      reasonably dosed.

PMID- 6574266
TI  - Effects of intracerebroventricular administration of prostaglandin D2 and
      angiotensin II on blood pressure in conscious rats.
AB  - To evaluate the role of brain prostaglandins in the regulation of blood pressure,
      we examined the effects of intracerebroventricular injections of prostaglandin
      D2, angiotensin II and indomethacin on blood pressure in conscious rats.
      Intraventricular administration of prostaglandin D2, the major prostaglandin
      synthesized in the rat brain, did not elicit a significant change in blood
      pressure. On the other hand, intraventricular injection of angiotensin II
      resulted in an increase in blood pressure in a dose-related manner. However, this
      central pressor effect of angiotensin II was not affected by intraventricular
      pretreatment with indomethacin. Indomethacin per se did not induce any change in
      blood pressure. These results suggest that prostaglandin D2 in the brain does not
      play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure in conscious rats. It
      is also suggested that the central pressor effect of angiotensin II is not
      mediated by prostaglandin biosynthesis in the central nervous system.

PMID- 6574267
TI  - Spontaneous tumor cell killing by human blood monocytes and human peritoneal
      macrophages: lack of alteration by endotoxin or quenchers of reactive oxygen
      species.
AB  - Human mononuclear phagocytes (monocytes and macrophages) act as effectors in the
      destruction of tumor cells. Peritoneal macrophages from normal or infertile women
      killed a variety of tumor cells in vitro more efficiently than did blood
      monocytes from the same subjects. Lysis depended on the effector-to-target cell
      ratio and was neither reproduced by supernatants from nor lysates of the
      mononuclear phagocytes. Normal fibroblasts were not lysed. Lipopolysaccharide
      (10(1)-10(4) ng/ml) did not alter the monocyte- or macrophage-mediated tumor cell
      killing. The monocytes and macrophages had equivalent basal and phorbol 12,13
      myristate acetate-stimulated H2O2 and O-2 production, and the reactive oxygen
      species scavengers or quenchers catalase, superoxide dismutase, mannitol, and L
      histidine did not diminish the killing. These observations suggest that the
      spontaneous tumor cell killing by human mononuclear phagocytes was not mediated
      by reactive oxygen species.

PMID- 6574268
TI  - Cancer risk among Danish male Seventh-Day Adventists and other temperance society
      members.
AB  - Cancer risk was studied in 781 male Seventh-Day Adventists (SDA) and 808 male
      members of other temperance societies. Standardized morbidity ratios for all
      cancers were 0.69 among SDA and 1.05 among other temperants. Significantly
      decreased risks of cancers were noted among SDA for cancer of the colon
      [observed/expected (O/E): 0.13], cancer of the respiratory system (O/E: 0.17),
      cancer of the lung (O/E: 0.15), and cancer of the bladder including papilloma
      (O/E: 0.13). No significant deviations from expectations were noted among members
      of other temperance societies. Thus risks of tobacco-associated cancers were
      markedly decreased among SDA. The risk of alcohol-associated cancers (cancers of
      the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and larynx) taken together was also
      decreased (O/E: 0.7), although not significantly so. When the results were
      compared with those of a previous study of Danish brewery workers who had a high
      average daily beer intake, the present investigation provides further support
      that the alleged association between beer consumption and the occurrence of
      rectal cancer is of a noncausal nature. The explanation for the decreased risk of
      colon cancer should probably be sought in the dietary practices of SDA.

PMID- 6574269
TI  - Cancer mortality (1965-77) in relation to diesel fume and coal exposure in a
      cohort of retired railway workers.
AB  - A cohort study of 43,826 male pensioners of the Canadian National Railway Company
      was conducted. The cause of death of 17,838 pensioners who died between 1965 and
      1977 was ascertained by computerized record linkage to the Canadian national
      mortality data base. The main finding was an elevated risk of lung cancer for
      those employed in occupations involving exposure to diesel fumes and coal dust,
      with highly significant dose-response relationships observed. That such
      association may be due in part to smoking cannot be excluded; but in view of the
      widespread exposure to diesel fumes, the finding warrants further investigation.
      The present study also demonstrated the utility and feasibility of large-scale
      occupational cohort studies conducted with the use of computerized record linkage
      to national mortality records.

PMID- 6574270
TI  - Coffee drinking and risk of bladder cancer.
AB  - The relationship between coffee drinking and risk of bladder cancer was assessed
      with the use of data from a case-control study of bladder cancer. Incident cases
      (2,982) and general population controls (5,782) were interviewed. Overall, the
      relative risk (RR) of bladder cancer for subjects who had ever drunk coffee was
      estimated as 1.4 (95% confidence interval = 1.1-1.8). There was no consistent
      relation between the RR estimate and the current consumption level. Among men who
      drank coffee, those who drank more than 49 cupfuls of coffee per week had an
      apparent excess in risk, but women who drank that much had an apparent deficit in
      risk.

PMID- 6574271
TI  - Differences in breast cancer risk factors according to the estrogen receptor
      level of the tumor.
AB  - One hundred and forty-eight postmenopausal breast cancer cases and 585
      postmenopausal controls were included in an investigation of whether various risk
      factors for breast cancer are associated with the level of estrogen (E) receptor
      (ER) protein in the tumor. In an intracase analysis, the tumor ER level was
      positively associated with nulliparity, late age at first live birth, a history
      of benign breast disease, and having breast-fed at least 1 child and was
      negatively associated with previous use of E replacement therapy. A case-control
      analysis suggested that the first three variables, established risk factors for
      breast cancer, are associated with an increased risk for malignant breast tumors
      that are ER-positive but not for those that are ER-negative. This analysis did
      not provide a clear interpretation of the findings in the intracase comparisons
      with regard to prior breast-feeding and the use of E replacement therapy.

PMID- 6574272
TI  - Dark tobacco and lung cancer in Cuba.
AB  - A retrospective epidemiologic study of 826 cytologically and/or histologically
      confirmed lung cancer cases (219 females and 607 males), 979 hospital controls,
      and 539 neighborhood controls was undertaken in Havana, Cuba, to investigate
      whether the high lung cancer mortality rates in this country could be explained
      by the cigarette and cigar consumption habits, including the smoking of dark
      tobacco cigarettes. Relative risk(s)(RR) of lung cancer among cigarette smokers
      were 7.3 in women and 14.1 in men and increased consistently with various
      measures of exposure to smoke. The findings suggested that duration of smoking,
      daily number of cigarettes consumed, and inhalation practices have independent
      effects. Most Cubans smoked dark tobacco. RR were higher for dark-tobacco users
      than for light-tobacco users (RR = 8.6 vs. 4.6 for women and 14.3 vs. 11.3 for
      men), but the differences were reduced after adjustment for amount smoked.
      Cigarette smoking was associated with all histologic types of lung cancer,
      although the risk for adenocarcinoma was lower than that for the other types. Men
      who smoked exclusively cigars had a fourfold risk of lung cancer. Mixed smokers
      (i.e., cigar and cigarette smoker) had a greater RR than cigarette-only smokers
      (15.0 vs. 14.1), which was perhaps related to the unusually deep and frequent
      inhalation of cigar smoke. The data support the hypothesis that smoking patterns
      account for the higher lung cancer mortality in Cuba than in other Latin American
      countries.

PMID- 6574273
TI  - Inhibitory effect of betel nut extracts on endogenous nitrosation in humans.
AB  - Extracts of betel nut (Areca catechu) were tested for their capacity to inhibit
      the endogenous formation of nitrosamines by measurement of the amount of urinary
      N-nitroso-L-proline (NPRO) following ingestion of sodium nitrate (300 mg) and L
      proline (300 mg) by 2 volunteers. A water extract of the dried nuts, an ether
      extract containing mainly (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, and a caffeine
      precipitated n-butyl alcohol extract containing primarily proanthocyanidins
      (tannins) strongly reduced the endogenous formation of NPRO. An average of 14.7
      and 10.9 micrograms NPRO (8 expts per individual) was excreted in the urine of
      the 2 volunteers over a 24-hour period following the intake of sodium nitrate and
      L-proline. The water extract and the proanthocyanidin (tannin)-containing
      extract, both of which contain the dose equivalent of one-quarter of a nut,
      reduced the excreted NPRO to background levels, which varied from 0.5 to 3.6
      micrograms and from 0.6 to 2.1 micrograms (6 expts) in 24-hour urine samples from
      the 2 volunteers. These results may exemplify the way in which naturally
      occurring phenolics, which are ingested daily in relatively large quantities,
      could affect the endogenous formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines.

PMID- 6574274
TI  - Clonal evolution in a human neuroblastoma.
AB  - Tumor samples, obtained from a single patient at two points in his illness, have
      enabled us to study clonal evolution in a neuroblastoma. Cells from the primary
      tumor demonstrated considerable heterogeneity in terms of chromosome number;
      cells from 4 subsequent metastases were all nearly diploid; and cells from a
      tumor produced in a mouse by the injection of cells from the primary tumor were
      hypotriploid in modal number. All of the tumor samples contained the same marker
      chromosome rearrangements, indicating their origin from a common precursor. Each
      of the cell lines analyzed (including those from the patient's metastases, those
      from the tumor in a mouse, and those from the primary tumor after 11 months in
      continuous culture) also contained different and distinguishing chromosome
      abnormalities. The differences in karyotype among these tumor samples and cell
      lines presumably reflect the different selection pressures at work in each
      instance.

PMID- 6574275
TI  - R3327 prostate adenocarcinoma clonogenic cells: epithelial properties and hormone
      response.
AB  - Cell colonies derived from the clonogenic tumor cell [colony-forming cell,
      prostate adenocarcinoma (CFC-PA)] assayed in vitro from the R3327 rat prostate
      adenocarcinoma demonstrate prostate acid phosphatase activity when assayed
      histochemically and convert testosterone to stanolone. The number of CFC-PA/10(4)
      cells plated in steroid-free cultures was increased following the addition of
      testosterone or stanolone and decreased following the addition of 17 beta
      estradiol. The decreased rate of growth of the R3327 tumor in castrated male
      inbred Copenhagen rats when compared to the growth measured in normal (intact)
      male and female inbred Copenhagen rats was reflected in a large decrease in the
      number of CFC-PA/10(4) cells plated from tumors grown in castrated male rats when
      compared to the values obtained from tumors that were grown in normal male and
      female rats. Furthermore, the replacement of fetal calf serum with normal male or
      castrated male rat serum resulted in little change in CFC-PA/10(4) cells plated
      in cultures established from tumors grown in castrated rats, although significant
      increases in CFC-PA were observed in cultures established from tumors grown in
      normal male or female rats.

PMID- 6574276
TI  - Cocarcinogenic action of aspirin on gastric tumors induced by N-nitroso-N
      methylnitroguanidine in rats.
AB  - Albino rats (noninbred) were divided into 4 groups: 1) 56 control rats, 2) 40
      rats fed 1 ml aspirin suspension (40 mg/ml) twice a week, 3) 20 rats given N
      nitroso-N-methylnitroguanidine (MNNG) solution (250 micrograms/ml) to drink ad
      libitum, and 4) 40 rats given both aspirin and MNNG. In 18 months, there were no
      gastrointestinal tumors in groups 1 and 2, 8 cases of gastric tumors in group 3,
      and 37 cases of gastric tumors in group 4. Adenocarcinomas of the glandular
      stomach were found in 21 of 40 rats in group 4 but in only 4 of the 20 rats in
      group 3; the difference in incidence was significant. Histologic and electron
      microscopic examination of the epidermoid carcinomas and adenocarcinomas in group
      4 showed no difference from such tumors induced by MNNG only. Hyperplasia of the
      forestomach mucosa and hyperplasia of the pyloric gland region of the glandular
      stomach in group 4 were more severe.

PMID- 6574277
TI  - Organ, species, and compound specificity in the metabolic activation of primary
      aromatic amines.
AB  - For the evaluation of the role of target tissue activation in the induction of
      bladder cancer, microsome-mediated N-hydroxylation of the bladder carcinogen 4
      biphenylamine (4-BA) was studied in bovine and canine bladder mucosae, relative
      to the activity in liver. Bovine bladder microsomes mediated the N-hydroxylation
      of 4-BA at an exceptionally high rate, whereas no detectable activity was found
      with bovine liver microsomes. Dog bladder microsomes were 40-100 times less
      active than bovine bladder microsomes and contained approximately one-third the
      amount of cytochrome P450. Dog liver microsomes were as active as dog bladder
      microsomes per nanomole P450 and an order of magnitude more active when
      normalized to microsomal protein. Rat liver microsomes contained the highest
      level of P450 of all the preparations studied, and N-hydroxylase activity was
      approximately twice the rate of that of dog liver. The rate of N-hydroxylation of
      2-naphthylamine (2-NA) and 1-naphthylamine (1-NA) was compared in bovine bladder
      mucosa and was found to correlate well with the relative potency of these
      compounds as bladder carcinogens (4-BA greater than 2-NA greater than 1-NA). Such
      a comparison could not be made with dog bladder mucosa because of its low N
      hydroxylation activity. In addition, bovine bladder mucosa S-9 mutagenic
      activation of 4-BA, 2-NA, and 1-NA was investigated in Salmonella typhimurium and
      found to parallel the carcinogenic potency of these compounds. These results
      demonstrate considerable tissue, species, and compound specificity for the
      metabolic activation of aromatic amines and provide further evidence in support
      of bladder activation as a mechanism of aromatic amine-induced bladder cancer.

PMID- 6574278
TI  - Antitumor activity of a water-insoluble compound entrapped in liposomes on L1210
      leukemia in mice.
AB  - The use of sonicated phospholipid vesicles (liposomes) as carriers of 2-[3'
      (methoxycarbonylamino)-phenyl]-3-phenyl-6-methoxycarbonylamino-4-(3H)-
      quinazolone (NSC-251635), a water-insoluble antimitotic compound, was
      investigated in mice. NSC-251635 was incorporated in egg yolk lecithin,
      cholesterol, and stearylamine (4:3:1) liposomes. In vitro, NSC-251635 in
      suspension or entrapped in liposomes was not toxic for L1210 cells. In vivo,
      after ip or iv injections to CDF1 mice bearing intraperitoneal or intravenous
      L1210 leukemia, NSC-251635 was active only when it was incorporated in the
      liposomes and not when it was given as a suspension in Klucel or in saline. The
      NSC-251635 liposome preparation induced significantly prolonged survival of the
      treated animals.

PMID- 6574279
TI  - Induction of DNA strand breaks and chromosome abnormalities by an imide
      derivative of 3-nitro-1,8-naphthalic acid (mitonafide) in Chinese hamster ovary
      cells.
AB  - Mitonafide (5-nitro-2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-benzo- [de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione
      hydrochloride), a new candidate as an anticancer or antiviral agent, inhibited
      the incorporation of DNA precursors into the acid-insoluble fractions of cultured
      Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and also into CHO cells made permeable (i.e.,
      "permeabilized") that were supplemented with ATP and deoxynucleoside
      triphosphates. Mitonafide enhanced the degradation of previously incorporated
      [3H]thymidine and increased the amount of DNA recovered in fractions containing
      single-stranded DNA after alkaline denaturation and hydroxyapatite
      chromatography. At concentrations of 0.01 and 1.0 microM, respectively,
      mitonafide increased the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges and chromosome
      aberrations in CHO cells. The inhibition of DNA synthesis in a permeabilized cell
      system suggested that mitonafide acted on the DNA-synthesizing apparatus without
      requiring metabolic conversion and interfered with DNA synthesis independent of
      the cellular metabolism of DNA precursors. Mitonafide induced DNA strand breaks
      and chromosome abnormalities in cultured cells.

PMID- 6574280
TI  - Prolonged antitumor effect of indomethacin on autochthonous intestinal tumors in
      rats.
AB  - Intestinal tumors were induced in randomly propagated Lobund Sprague-Dawley rats
      by dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride and by methylazoxymethanol acetate. At 14,
      63, and 77 days after exposure to a carcinogen, rats were fed, ad libitum,
      indomethacin in the drinking water (20 mg/liter) for 20 and 40 weeks. The
      development of intestinal tumors was prevented or retarded significantly compared
      to that of control animals. Among control rats at 20, 40, and 52 weeks, the
      numbers of tumors per rat were relatively constant, but the individual tumors
      were increased in size.

PMID- 6574281
TI  - Enhancing effect of vitamin E on murine intestinal tumorigenesis by 1,2
      dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride.
AB  - The effect of the antioxidant vitamin E on the tumor-inducing ability of 1,2
      dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (1,2-DMH) was investigated in randomly bred
      Swiss mice. Three groups of mice that were 6 weeks of age at the beginning of the
      experiment received the following treatments: a) vitamin E acetate [DL-alpha
      tocopheryl acetate (TA)] at a 4% dose level in a powdered diet for life; b) 1,2
      DMH, 10 weekly sc injections at 20 micrograms/g body weight; c) combination of a
      and b treatments. The administration of TA enhanced the tumorigenicity of 1,2
      DMH, as evidenced by statistically significant incidences of tumors in the
      duodenum, cecum, colon, rectum, and anus. The present finding apparently is in
      contrast with the reported inhibitory effect of TA on colon carcinogenesis by 1,2
      DMH.

PMID- 6574282
TI  - Contribution of body weight and growth to risk of anterior pituitary gland tumors
      of the rat.
AB  - The dietary and growth histories of noninbred male Charles River COBS rats
      permitted freedom of dietary choice throughout life were analyzed to determine
      the conditions associated with the spontaneous occurrence of anterior pituitary
      gland tumors (PT). The animals were allowed to regulate their protein intake
      apart from energy intake. Multivariable models were derived distinguishing rats
      that develop PT from those remaining free of tumors throughout life. Conventional
      fixed diet studies suggested that the quantity and quality of the diet consumed
      would be the best explanatory variables. However, body weight-related variables
      were found to be more important. The interacting, time-related conditions
      conductive to a high probability of PT occurrence included an unusually high
      growth rate associated with a high level of conversion of the food consumed into
      body mass during early life and a high intake of protein relative to body weight
      during early adult life. The accuracy in identifying rats with PT was even
      greater if mature body weight was included as an explanatory variable.

PMID- 6574283
TI  - Increased tumorigenesis induced by N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine in Syrian
      golden hamsters fed high-fat diets.
AB  - The effects of dietary fat on carcinogenesis were presented, with the pancreas
      excluded, in randombred Syrian golden hamsters after administration of N
      nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP). Diets containing 4.5, 9, or 18 g corn oil/385
      kilocalories [low-fat (LF), medium-fat (MF), or high-fat (HF) diet, respectively]
      were fed in two sequences. In the first sequence during which the effects of fat
      on the initiation phase of BOP carcinogenicity were examined, LF or HF diets were
      fed to hamsters 3-7 weeks of age and for 2 days after a single sc BOP treatment
      (10 mg/kg body wt) to 8-week-old hamsters. These hamsters were then given MF diet
      for the remainder of their lives. In the second sequence during which the role of
      fat on the promotional phase (development) of BOP-induced cancer was evaluated,
      MF diet was fed during the weeks preceding BOP treatment and LF or HF levels were
      given after BOP treatment. Separate groups were fed MF diet throughout both
      phases, and parallel animal groups received each diet sequence and were treated
      with saline at 8 weeks of age. Renal adenocarcinomas in males were observed only
      in those given HF diet either before or after BOP treatment (9% incidence).
      Similarly, pulmonary adenoma and intraphepatic biliary cystic adenoma
      (cholangioma) incidences were elevated above spontaneous rates in HF-fed groups.
      This study demonstrated that dietary fat enhanced BOP-induced tumorigenesis in
      the kidneys, lungs, and liver when fed, either during initiation (preceding
      carcinogen treatment) or at promotional stages (following carcinogen treatment).

PMID- 6574284
TI  - Development of a model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in inbred strain 2 guinea
      pigs.
AB  - A new transplantable leukemia (KSL) of unknown etiology that arose in a female
      Sewall-Wright strain 2 guinea pig is described. KSL cells morphologically
      resembled medium to large lymphocytes, displayed surface Ia antigen and receptors
      for complement and for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin, and synthesized surface
      immunoglobulin (IgM). These characteristics suggest a leukemia of B-lymphocyte
      origin. KSL cells were shown to be sensitive in vivo to both cyclophosphamide and
      1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea; however, neither drug effectively prevented
      eventual recurrence of the disease. KSL leukemia was also shown to be distinct
      from another guinea pig lymphatic leukemia (L2C) with respect to cell morphology,
      antigenicity, and in vivo growth rate. In this last respect, KSL appeared more
      closely related to the chronic lymphocytic leukemias. Thus KSL is the first
      chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the guinea pig to be characterized; it is also
      the only guinea pig model of lymphatic leukemia that is distinct from L2C
      leukemia currently available for study.

PMID- 6574286
TI  - Cells of origin of lung tumors in mice.

PMID- 6574285
TI  - Diet, nutrition, and cancer: interim dietary guidelines.
AB  - The Committee on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer of the National Academy of Sciences
      recently evaluated the role of diet in carcinogenesis. Both epidemiological and
      laboratory evidence suggests that a high intake of total fat increases
      susceptibility to cancer of different sites, particularly the breast and colon.
      In epidemiological studies frequent consumption of certain fruits and vegetables
      and in laboratory experiments some components of fruits and vegetables,
      especially cruciferous vegetables, appear to decrease the incidence of cancers at
      various sites. In contrast, frequent consumption of salt-cured, salt-pickled, or
      smoked foods, possibly because they may contain nitrosamines or polycyclic
      aromatic hydrocarbons, appears to increase the risk of esophageal or stomach
      cancer. Excessive alcohol consumption among smokers appears to be associated with
      an elevated risk of cancers of the oral cavity, esophagus, larynx, and
      respiratory tract. Interim dietary guidelines to reduce the risk of cancer were
      proposed in accordance with these conclusions. No definitive conclusions were
      reached for other dietary factors, including total calories, cholesterol, fiber,
      and selenium, nor could the quantitative contribution of diet to overall cancer
      risk be estimated.

PMID- 6574288
TI  - [Invasive aspergillosis with an intrapulmonary fungus ball in childhood].
AB  - The clinical and radiological findings of invasive aspergillosis in two children
      with leukemia are reported. The diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis is still a
      problem. The fungus is only rarely demonstrated by mycological or serological
      methods. Therefore the radiological demonstration of an intrapulmonary "fungus
      ball" in the compromised host is of clinical significance, because it is
      characteristic of invasive aspergillosis.

PMID- 6574287
TI  - Louisville water fluoride content.

PMID- 6574289
TI  - [Case of protracted course of myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6574290
TI  - Eosinophilic myelocytoma in an owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus).
AB  - A mass found in the anterior mediastinum at necropsy of an adult female owl
      monkey (Aotus trivirgatus) was morphologically consistent with an eosinophilic
      myelocytoma. Lymph nodes, kidneys, bone marrow, and other tissues were diffusely
      infiltrated by neoplastic cells. Intracellular and extracellular Charcot-Leyden
      crystals were present in the neoplasm.

PMID- 6574291
TI  - A pressure curve monitor for intratracheal jet ventilation.
AB  - Most of the complications during intratracheal jet ventilation for
      laryngomicroscopy are due to the unnoticed wearing off of laryngeal muscle
      relaxation. Recovering laryngeal muscle function will, by slightly narrowing the
      size of the glottis, influence the slope of the quickly rising part of the
      pressure curve, when influences on maximum airway pressure are still not
      detectable. An electronic device incorporating the window comparator technique
      monitors the pressure curve and sets off an alarm before changes in maximum
      airway pressure or recovery of muscle strength in the forearm are detectable. The
      pressure curve monitor could be useful also with intratracheal jet ventilation
      for treating adult respiratory deficiency and with conventional ventilators
      during anaesthesia to detect the wearing off of muscle relaxation.

PMID- 6574292
TI  - Microsomal 5-ane-3 beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase from pubertal rat Leydig
      cells: partial purification and characterization.
AB  - A 3 beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase which acts on 5 alpha (beta)-reduced C19
      and C21 steroids (5-ane-3 beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase; 5-ane-3 beta-HSO)
      has been solubilized from pubertal rat Leydig cell microsomes and purified 300
      fold by ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. The partially purified
      enzyme is stable only in the presence of 0.4 M NaCl and appears to exist as a
      molecule having a molecular weight of 35,000 or as aggregates with a molecular
      weight in excess of 150,000. NAD+ and NADH+ are used exclusively as cofactors.
      The velocity of the steroid oxidation reaction was unaffected by either Ca2+ or
      Mg2+. The steroid oxidation reaction has a pH optimum between 8.0 and 8.5, a
      temperature optimum at 35 degrees C and an activation energy of 12,850 cal/mol.
      The pH optimum of the steroid reduction reaction is 6.6. A variety of 5 alpha
      reduced C19 and C21 steroids can be utilized as substrates. Treatment of
      microsomes with phospholipase A2 resulted in a 26 to 90% loss of enzyme activity,
      paralleling decreased microsomal phospholipid content, and suggesting a role for
      phospholipids in 5-ane-3 beta-HSO activity. Assays with combined substrates
      indicate that one enzyme is responsible for activities observed with 5 alpha- and
      5 beta-reduced C19- and 5 alpha-reduced C21-3 beta-hydroxysteroids. Purification
      data indicate that the 5-ane-3 beta-HSO and the 5-ene-3 beta-hydroxysteroid
      oxidoreductase:isomerase are distinct enzymes.

PMID- 6574293
TI  - Activation of purified cytoplasmic 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from
      human placenta by human albumin and globulin.
AB  - The cytoplasmic 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase of human placenta, purified
      more than 2500-fold, was activated by small amounts of human albumin and
      globulin. This activation was dependent on substrate concentration. At 20 microM
      estradiol (10 X KM) and two different concentrations of enzyme (0.01 and 2
      micrograms/ml), the activation was greatest at albumin or globulin concentrations
      between 0 and 30 micrograms/ml. At "low" concentrations of estradiol (20 nM = 10(
      2) X KM) and enzyme (0.01 microgram/ml), maximal activity occurred at
      approximately 10 micrograms/ml. Higher concentrations of albumin and globulin led
      to a decline in activity.

PMID- 6574294
TI  - Determination of prostaglandin E2 and the main prostaglandin E metabolite by
      micro high-performance liquid chromatography using fluorescence derivatization
      with dansyl hydrazine.
AB  - A micro high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of
      prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and the main prostaglandin E metabolite (PGEMT) in rat
      organs and human urine has been developed. Prednisolone was added to the sample
      as the internal standard. The isolated PG's and the internal standard were
      subjected to reaction with dansyl hydrazine, separated by liquid chromatography
      on a mu Fine pack SIL C18 and determined fluorimetrically. The standard deviation
      of the method was +/- 6.5% for PGE2, and +/- 8.4% for PGEMT. The detection and
      simultaneous quantitation of less than 10 ng of PGE2 and PGEMT is possible. The
      proposed method is suitable for the pharmacological analysis of PGE2 and PGEMT in
      various rat tissues and human urine.

PMID- 6574295
TI  - Possible differentiation of human acute myeloblastic leukemia cells by daily and
      intermittent administration of aclacinomycin-A.
AB  - A rapid decrease of myeloblasts and a remarkable increase of mature neutrophils,
      mostly with Pelger anomaly, were observed in the peripheral blood of a 51-year
      old woman with terminal acute myeloblastic leukemia during 16 days of daily i.v.
      administration of 20 mg aclacinomycin-A (ACM-A). When the same dose was
      administered later on three consecutive days each week, a similar hematore
      neutrophils, mostly with Pelger anomaly, were observed in the peripheral blood of
      a 51-year-old woman with terminal acute myeloblastic leukemia during 16 days of
      daily i.v. administration of 20 mg aclacinomycin-A (ACM-A). When the same dose
      was administered later on three consecutive days each week, a similar hematore
      neutrophils, mostly with Pelger anomaly, were observed in the peripheral blood of
      a 51-year-old woman with terminal acute myeloblastic leukemia during 16 days of
      daily i.v. administration of 20 mg aclacinomycin-A (ACM-A). When the same dose
      was administered later on three consecutive days each week, a similar
      hematological change occurred again. An increase of myeloblasts observed between
      the third and the fifth week of this intermittent schedule was accompanied by
      that of mature neutrophils. Thrombopenia and anemia did not improve
      significantly. These findings may indicate the induction of leukemic myeloblasts
      by ACM-A into mature neutrophils. Administration of relatively small dose
      anthracyclines including ACM-A may be another potential choice in the treatment
      of refractory acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) or ANLL after relapse.

PMID- 6574296
TI  - Conditions controlling long-term proliferation of Brown Norway rat promyelocytic
      leukemia in vitro: primary growth stimulation by microenvironment and
      establishment of an autonomous Brown Norway 'leukemic stem cell line'.
AB  - Conditions for in vitro long-term maintenance and proliferation of the Brown
      Norway (BN) rat myelocytic leukemia cell (BNML) are described. During a primary
      culture of leukemic rat marrow, a few leukemic cells proliferated and were
      initially dependent on an adherent cell population but later acquired the
      capability of independent growth. A wild BN leukemic stem cell line has been
      maintained in vitro for several months, without noticeable phenotypic
      alterations. The doubling time of the cultured cells was 40 h. The cells were
      promyelocytes. The cytochemical markers of the original BN leukemia cells were
      preserved. The cultured cell line transferred leukemia exclusively to BN rats.
      Wistar and BDIX rats were resistant. The virulence of cultured leukemic cell was
      measured by shortened survival times after transplantation in animals of a fixed
      number of leukemic cells. The role of bone marrow microenvironment in the
      initiation of long-term growth is discussed.

PMID- 6574297
TI  - Cytological types of mitoses and chromosome abnormalities in acute leukemia.
AB  - In order to determine the nature of the cells in mitosis in acute leukemia, a
      parallel study was conducted by cytological and cytogenetic methods on the same
      marrow and blood samples. On direct marrow examination, erythrocyte precursors in
      mitosis are usually observed but ordinarily disappear following in vitro culture.
      In APL (M3) characterized by t(15;17) translocation, the comparison between the
      proportions of the different categories of cells in mitosis and of karyotypically
      normal and abnormal cells suggests that erythroblasts do not belong to the
      leukemic clone. An analogous situation is observed in AML (M2) with t(8;21) and
      in monocytic leukemia (M5) with chromosome abnormalities. Erythroleukemia could
      be divided into two categories, one with chromosome abnormalities and persistence
      of erythroblast mitoses after culture, and another with no detectable chromosome
      abnormality and with disappearance of erythroblast mitoses following culture.
      Other examples of blood malignancies demonstrate the importance of the method
      used in determining which cell categories belong to the leukemic clone. An
      interpretation of the results in terms of commitment 'level' of the involved stem
      cells and a distinction between 'primary' and 'secondary' chromosome
      abnormalities is proposed.

PMID- 6574298
TI  - Myeloid leukaemia frequency after protracted exposure to ionizing radiation:
      experimental confirmation of the flat dose-response found in ankylosing
      spondylitis after a single treatment course with X-rays.
AB  - The dose-response for leukaemia induction by exposure to ionizing radiation
      protracted over several weeks was largely independent of dose not only in X-rayed
      patients with ankylosing spondylitis but also in experimentally gamma-rayed CBA/H
      mice. In the experiment the induced leukaemia frequency of acute myeloid
      leukaemia was independent of a several thousand-fold variation in physical dose
      rate. Any difference in leukaemia induction between brief and protracted
      exposures must therefore depend on specifically biological consequences of
      protracted exposures. Experimental analysis is required to provide the guides for
      inference about risks of low level exposure from observations on relatively
      heavily irradiated populations.

PMID- 6574299
TI  - [Renal prostaglandins in arterial hypertension].

PMID- 6574300
TI  - [The relation between non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute lymphatic leukemia in
      children].

PMID- 6574301
TI  - [The "Eol" pulmonary ventilator for bronchoscopy].

PMID- 6574302
TI  - Methods and applications of hapten-sandwich labeling.

PMID- 6574303
TI  - Purification of murine MHC antigens by monoclonal antibody affinity
      chromatography.

PMID- 6574304
TI  - Mutator versus antimutator activity of a T4 DNA polymerase mutant distinguishes
      two different frameshifting mechanisms.
AB  - Classical "antimutator" DNA polymerases of bacteriophage T4 were examined for
      their effects upon frameshift mutation rates at a number of positions within rII
      cistrons. Their antimutagenic activities reduced frameshift frequencies at a
      number of sites, but at other sites the opposite occurred: the mutant polymerases
      exhibited clear mutator activities. This dichotomy reveals the operation of two
      distinct mechanisms of frameshift mutagenesis that are correlated with the DNA
      sequences at the frameshift sites. Frameshift mutants subject to the antimutator
      effects of the mutant polymerase lie in A: T-run DNA sequences, where mutations
      presumably arise by means of the interstrand DNA misalignments postulated by
      classical theory. The frameshift mutants produced by the mutator activity of
      these same polymerases lie in quasipalindromic DNA sequences, where mutations are
      postulated to arise by aberrant metabolism of DNA secondary structures such as
      hairpins.

PMID- 6574305
TI  - Isolation and purification of plasmids from Bacteroides fragilis using rubidium
      trichloroacetate density gradient centrifugation.
AB  - A rapid and easy final purification method is described for the isolation of
      plasmids from B. fragilis. Using RbTCA density gradient centrifugation in an
      airfuge ultracentrifuge ccc plasmid DNA can be separated from RNA, residual
      chromosomal DNA, linear and oc plasmid DNA. Pure ccc plasmid DNA is obtained from
      cultures of between 1 ml and 2 l in less than one day.

PMID- 6574306
TI  - Plasmid detection and isolation in strains of Clostridium acetobutylicum and
      related species.
AB  - Twenty-one strains of Clostridium acetobutylicum, C. butylicum and Clostridium
      saccharoperbutylacetonicum were examined. Seven of them contained
      extrachromosomal DNA molecules, with a size ranging from 2.6 to more than 50
      megadaltons. Strain M1 carries a small plasmid of 2.6 megadaltons, AB10 at least
      one plasmid of 2.6 megadaltons, AB12 one plasmid of 5.2 megadaltons, AB14 and
      AB16 a plasmid of about 7 megadaltons and a large one of more than 50
      megadaltons, AB17 carries at least one plasmid of 6.7 megadaltons and AB18 two
      plasmids (4-6 megadaltons and 10-12 megadaltons). All of them are cryptic as at
      present no function can be correlated with their presence in a bacterial strain.

PMID- 6574307
TI  - Asymptomatic intracardiac metastasis from osteosarcoma: a case report with
      literature review.
AB  - Osteosarcoma very rarely metastasizes to the heart. Thirteen cases have been
      reported in the literature so far. Diagnosis in some of these cases was made
      during investigation for severe cardiac failure and in most of them at autopsy.
      Our patient, a 13-year-old girl, showed right pulmonary metastases on chest x-ray
      1 year after above knee amputation for osteosarcoma of the distal femur. Routine
      preoperative computerized axial tomography (CT Scan) revealed a calcified lesion
      in the heart in addition to the pulmonary metastases. She was very active and
      completely asymptomatic. Two-dimensional echocardiography, angiography, and right
      and left heart catheterizations were done. This revealed a large mobile
      metastatic lesion in the right ventricle. The intraventricular tumor was
      successfully removed, and 12 days later she had a second thoracotomy for removal
      of pulmonary metastases. Nine months after her intraventricular metastasis was
      removed she developed a solitary right pulmonary metastasis. This was
      successfully resected. Now, 10 months later, she is disease free and completely
      asymptomatic.

PMID- 6574309
TI  - Humanistic dimensions of dental practice: the dental student perspective.

PMID- 6574308
TI  - Brief communication: Legionnaire's disease successfully treated in acute
      myelocytic leukemia during severe neutropenia.
AB  - A patient with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia developed progressive lung
      infiltrates and unremitting fevers during a profound neutropenic state.
      Legionnaire's disease was diagnosed by simple immunologic studies and
      successfully treated with erythromycin. This index case alerts physicians toward
      a treatable infection which would not normally be susceptible to the empiric
      antibiotic regimens given neutropenic patients with fevers.

PMID- 6574310
TI  - Perceptions of oral health needs among elderly Mississippians.

PMID- 6574311
TI  - [Method of conformational calculations of large fragments of nucleic acids. IV.
      Comparative calculations of dinucleotides by the fragment and atom-atom methods].
AB  - Calculations of properties of the dinucleotides for the estimation of the
      accuracy of our method of group-group interactions for conformational
      calculations of large polynucleotide fragments were performed. Values of the
      torsional angles for the close and open conformational states which were found by
      our method differ by no more than 10 degrees from the conformations which were
      found by the method of atom-atom interactions. Accuracy of the conformational
      energy calculations by the group-group method was about 0.5-1.5 kcal/mol for
      close and open conformation states, respectively. The acceleration factor for
      conformational properties calculations by our group-group interactions method was
      about (100 N + 14)/(N + 20), where N is the number of monomers in the chain.

PMID- 6574312
TI  - Biochemical characterization of an invariant polypeptide associated with Ia
      antigens in human and mouse.
AB  - Ii, a 31,000 mol. wt polypeptide chain associated with murine and human Ia
      antigens was investigated for its labeling pattern, carbohydrate content and
      structural polymorphism. Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of
      tunicamycin treated cells from mouse and human lymphocytes shows that Ii contains
      two N-linked carbohydrate chains. Ii is a methionine rich polypeptide. Tryptic
      and chymotryptic two dimensional peptide maps of Ii chain associated with I-A and
      I-E subregion products are identical. This absence of polymorphism holds true
      when Ii chain is isolated from different mouse haplotypes. Human Ii chains from
      different HLA-DR types appear also invariant by peptide map analysis. By
      molecular weight, carbohydrate content, charge and tryptic and chymotryptic maps
      criteria, Ii of mouse and human are strikingly homologous.

PMID- 6574313
TI  - Disulfide structure of murine Ia alloantigens.
AB  - The tryptic (T) and T insoluble chymotryptic (TIC) peptide maps from 35S-cysteine
      (Cys) labeled, disulfide-linked I-Ak dimer were compared to those from 35S-Cys
      labeled I-Ak alpha and beta chains which were not covalently linked. These
      comparisons indicated that the alpha and beta chains found in the covalent I-Ak
      dimer were not a specialized subset of I-A alpha and beta chains. Furthermore,
      these data, along with the knowledge that alkylation of spleen cells prior to and
      during detergent solubilization prevents the formation of disulfide-linked I-Ak
      dimer, indicate that covalent dimer formation is an inefficient and artifactual
      process. Comparison of the T and TIC peptide maps of reduced and nonreduced 35S
      Cys labeled I-Ak alpha and beta chains suggests that the I-Ak alpha chain
      contains one intrachain disulfide bond, whereas the I-Ak beta chain contains two
      intrachain disulfide bonds. Examination of the T and TIC peptide maps of the
      reduced and nonreduced 35S-Cys labeled I-Ak dimer identifies the Cys-containing
      peptides which are involved in the formation of the artifactual I-Ak dimer
      interchain (alpha-beta) disulfide bond. Comparison of 35S-Cys labeled I-Ak and I
      Ek alpha and beta chains by T and TIC peptide mapping reveals considerably more
      homology between the two alpha-chains and between the two beta-chains than is
      observed using other 3H-amino acid precursors, thus indicating that the I-Ak and
      I-Ek alloantigens are homologous in their amino acid sequences adjacent to the
      Cys resides. The reasons for the inability to induce formation of interchain
      (alpha-beta) disulfide bonds in I-Ek molecules are discussed.

PMID- 6574314
TI  - Hypoxanthine and Mcardle disease: a clue to metabolic stress in the working
      forearm.
AB  - Forearm exercise in a patient with myophosphorylase deficiency resulted in
      abnormally high levels of hypoxanthine in the venous blood. The post-exercise
      hypoxanthine response may reflect ATP depletion in the muscle and provides a
      useful screening test in muscle diseases with abnormal energy metabolism.

PMID- 6574315
TI  - Long-term marrow culture reveals chromosomally normal hematopoietic progenitor
      cells in patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous
      leukemia.
AB  - We found that when marrow cells from four patients with newly diagnosed
      Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia were maintained in
      culture for two to four weeks, a previously undetectable population of
      chromosomally normal hematopoietic cells (including erythroid, granulopoietic,
      and pluripotent progenitors) became readily demonstrable in three cases. Time
      course studies showed that in such cultures the dominant Philadelphia chromosome
      positive population rapidly disappeared, in contrast to coexisting chromosomally
      normal progenitors, which remained detectable for periods of two to three months.
      Long-term marrow cultures thus offer a new approach to the assessment of a
      suppressed but functionally intact population of chromosomally normal
      hematopoietic stem cells in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia.

PMID- 6574316
TI  - Philadelphia chromosome-positive thrombocythemia with leukemic transformation.

PMID- 6574317
TI  - Fibroblast clones for detection of Duchenne carriers.

PMID- 6574318
TI  - Effect of alternate delivery methods on dental laboratories.

PMID- 6574319
TI  - Plasterless articulator.

PMID- 6574320
TI  - Tooth carving: the uni-form system.

PMID- 6574321
TI  - Southern Illinois University Dental Technology Program.

PMID- 6574322
TI  - Geneva and Bar Harbor labs to check results.

PMID- 6574323
TI  - Gene manipulation: churches against germ changes.

PMID- 6574324
TI  - Red cell membrane abnormalities in chronic myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a clonal neoplasm that arises in a stem cell
      common to granulocytes and erythrocytes. Several abnormalities have been
      identified in the plasma membranes of granulocytes of CML patients, but to our
      knowledge no studies have been done on CML erythrocytes. We report here that CML
      erythrocyte spectrin becomes abnormal due to cross-linking of its two subunits
      via disulphide bonds. In addition, we show that this cytoskeletal defect in the
      erythrocytes is associated with loss of transmembrane phospholipid asymmetry.
      These observations, apart from demonstrating membrane abnormalities in CML
      erythrocytes, also provide strong support for the view that the asymmetric
      organization of phospholipids in the red cell membrane is maintained mainly by
      interactions between spectrin and aminophospholipids.

PMID- 6574325
TI  - Animal sexing patents.

PMID- 6574326
TI  - Variation in regulation of steroid sulphatase locus in mammals.
AB  - Inactivation (lyonization) of one of the two copies of X-linked genes occurs in
      female mammals, thereby reducing the number of active copies to that of the male.
      It has been suggested that genes subject to lyonization would be expected to be
      preserved as a linkage group during mammalian evolution. A short region of the
      human X chromosome containing several genes, including that necessary for the
      expression of steroid sulphatase (STS), is exceptional in that it apparently
      escapes X-inactivation. As it is not apparent why the linkage of genes not
      subject to X-inactivation should be conserved, we have examined the expression of
      the STS gene in mice (it has been shown recently that this gene is X-linked).
      Enzyme levels were determined in normal males and females and in the progeny of
      crosses in which the sex reversing factor, Sxr, was segregating to produce XX
      males. We report here that in contrast to the situation in humans, the STS gene
      in mice is subject to the normal pattern of X-inactivation.

PMID- 6574327
TI  - Propranolol-induced hyperthyroxinemia.

PMID- 6574329
TI  - A patient-centered medication administration system.

PMID- 6574328
TI  - A painful swollen arm in a young woman.

PMID- 6574330
TI  - Some non-caustic remarks about bleach.

PMID- 6574331
TI  - Physician intervention for disadvantaged may protect fee-for-service system.

PMID- 6574333
TI  - Mercy Hospital Poison Control Center.

PMID- 6574332
TI  - What does a Poison Control Center do?

PMID- 6574334
TI  - Observations: patient and family responsibilities at the University Medical
      Center.

PMID- 6574335
TI  - Moisturizing the skin.

PMID- 6574336
TI  - Blood pressure measurement: getting the right cuff.

PMID- 6574337
TI  - Obesity destabilizes the system.

PMID- 6574338
TI  - [Osteoma of the tongue].

PMID- 6574339
TI  - [Fear in dentistry].

PMID- 6574340
TI  - [The children's dental care project in Tiel. V. The dental health of children 4
      1/2-6 years of age from the beginning to the end of the project].

PMID- 6574341
TI  - [Future directions in the education of dentists].

PMID- 6574342
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma of the skull complicating Paget's disease: case report.
AB  - A case of osteogenic sarcoma of the skull in a patient with a long-standing
      Paget's disease is reported. Osteogenic sarcoma arising within the skull is rare
      in Paget's disease, although the recent literature emphasizes that it is more
      common than was realized previously. Intraparenchymal brain invasion, which is
      rare and present usually only as a preterminal event, was found in this patient
      who presented initially with minimal neurological findings. Rapid neurological
      deterioration in this patient was due to macroscopic hemorrhage into tumor.
      Although microscopic hemorrhage is characteristic of this tumor, gross hemorrhage
      into osteosarcoma of the skull as a cause of sudden neurological deterioration
      has not been reported previously. Radical resection is the treatment of choice,
      although the prognosis for this tumor remains dismal.

PMID- 6574343
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma of the skull.

PMID- 6574344
TI  - [Prognostic usefulness of lysozyme in acute myelomonocytic leukemias].
AB  - Pre-treatment sera and urines from 17 patients with acute myelomonocytic leukemia
      (M-4 type) have been assayed for their lysozyme content. In addition periodical
      evaluations of the serum and urinary lysozyme levels have been performed during
      the clinical course of 10 patients. There was no correlation between initial
      lysozyme activity in the serum and response to chemotherapy, while periodical
      estimations of serum lysozyme activity, in the same patient, provide clinically
      significant prognostic information. Urinary lysozyme levels are closely related
      to serum lysozyme levels; therefore the urinary estimations of this enzyme
      activity provide no different prognostic evaluations than serum estimations.

PMID- 6574345
TI  - Incorporating JCAH standards into a quality assurance program.

PMID- 6574346
TI  - A criteria-based performance appraisal for the critical care nurse.

PMID- 6574347
TI  - Asymptomatic carotid artery bruits.

PMID- 6574348
TI  - Outpatient management of pain. The anesthesiologist's holistic approach.

PMID- 6574349
TI  - A Bull in the China Shop. The internist and the high-risk pregnancy.

PMID- 6574350
TI  - Occult neurologic effects of brain and fetus.

PMID- 6574352
TI  - The etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of bladder trauma.

PMID- 6574351
TI  - Psychologic aspects of multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 6574353
TI  - Surgical treatment of eye muscle palsies.

PMID- 6574354
TI  - Colorectal view of venereal disease.

PMID- 6574355
TI  - Mutual aids radiologist and endoscopist.

PMID- 6574357
TI  - Vitrectomy as an adjunct to retinal surgery.

PMID- 6574356
TI  - Laryngeal electromyography. Clinical application.

PMID- 6574358
TI  - Sexually transmitted diseases and child sexual abuse. Part 1.

PMID- 6574360
TI  - Deformed skull.

PMID- 6574359
TI  - Allocation of scarce medical resources. The Jewish view.

PMID- 6574361
TI  - Sudden cardiac death in Otago: a review of 408 cases.
AB  - Four hundred and eight sudden cardiac deaths are reviewed from epidemiological
      and pathological viewpoints. All cases were investigated by Otago coroners
      between 1971 and 1979. Necropsies were performed personally by the author, these
      representing over 80% of such examinations in the specified period. Fifty-four
      point nine percent of the deaths occurred at home, 9.1% in public places, 9.1% in
      hospitals and 3.7% in sports grounds. The majority (88.7%) occurred between the
      ages 41-80, the peak being 51-70 (61.3%). Seventy-one point three percent were
      male. There was an associated history of physical exertion in 19.4% but relevant
      information was unobtainable in 46.6%. Judging from gastric contents, food had
      been consumed recently in 64.9%. There was a relevant medical history in 44.6%.
      In 40.9% significant symptoms were recorded prior to the deaths. At necropsy
      84.8% were attributed to ischaemic heart disease, 7.1% to myocarditis, 4.7% to
      cardiomyopathy and 3.4% to valvular disease.

PMID- 6574362
TI  - Petrol sniffing lead encephalopathy.
AB  - A patient is described with organic lead poisoning due to petrol inhalation.
      There was marked improvement clinically and electroencephalographically after
      chelation therapy, which was associated with a fall in red cell lead levels.

PMID- 6574363
TI  - Genetic predisposition to two rheumatic diseases.
AB  - The co-existence of ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis is uncommon
      and usually occurs in a male with a long history of back pain followed by the
      appearance of clinical features of ankylosing spondylitis, while features of
      rheumatoid arthritis develop in the third or fourth decade of life. Recently,
      histocompatibility (HLA) antigens have partially elucidated the genetic factors
      predisposing to both diseases. We report a patient with ankylosing spondylitis
      and rheumatoid arthritis who had the associated HLA genes.

PMID- 6574364
TI  - Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis--Pandora's gift to nephrology?

PMID- 6574365
TI  - Humidifier fever: clinical recognition and environmental control.

PMID- 6574366
TI  - Acute respiratory infection in childhood: the factors which influence hospital
      admission.
AB  - A study of 100 children admitted to hospital with acute respiratory infection
      revealed that general practitioners remain the major referral source. Changing
      financial factors do not appear to have influenced this process. Sixty percent of
      children had a mild illness, requiring a short period hospital stay, but their
      referral was on a medical rather than a social basis.

PMID- 6574367
TI  - Pregnancy and the nephrologist: a review of one year's experience.
AB  - A study was undertaken to assess the role that a nephrologist can play in modern
      obstetric practice. During 1981, 699 pregnant women were screened for covert
      bacteriuria. Thirty (4.3%) had bacteriuria and 24 were treated and followed
      through pregnancy. Acute pyelonephritis occurred in two. One of 21 intravenous
      urograms was abnormal. Fifteen women were seen with pregnancy-associated
      nephrological problems (complicated pre-eclampsia (7), reflux nephropathy (3),
      glomerulonephritis (3), essential hypertension (2). All women with preeclampsia
      had a normal intravenous urogram and recovered completely. Pregnancies in women
      with renal disease or essential hypertension had good outcomes for mother and
      baby if there was no renal insufficiency and blood pressure control was
      maintained.

PMID- 6574369
TI  - The doctor of the future.

PMID- 6574368
TI  - Oncology teaching in the medical school.

PMID- 6574370
TI  - Asthma in New Zealand.

PMID- 6574371
TI  - To all general practitioners: house calls can kill you.

PMID- 6574372
TI  - Perhexiline and liver cirrhosis.

PMID- 6574373
TI  - Increasing prevalence of asthma in children.

PMID- 6574374
TI  - Phenytoin-induced hepatotoxicity.

PMID- 6574375
TI  - Disappearance of a pulmonary metastasis after surgical removal of an adrenal
      carcinoma.

PMID- 6574376
TI  - For authors.

PMID- 6574377
TI  - Arthroscopy of the knee.

PMID- 6574378
TI  - Everyday health, South Auckland, 1980-81.
AB  - A morbidity diary was kept by 207 families in South Auckland. The subjects were
      known to the investigators from a previous study and much information about the
      families was already recorded. During two weeks records were requested on
      everyday health practices, disabilities, symptoms, health activities, upsets, and
      opinions on whether days were "good" or "bad". One hundred and fifty families
      gave information for two weeks and fifty-seven for one week. Data showed many
      significant relationships between demographic and socio-economic characteristics
      and health experiences and activities. These relationships are reported, and the
      importance of obtaining such information about communities and individuals
      discussed.

PMID- 6574379
TI  - An educational experience evaluated: the Christchurch Clinical School of
      Medicine.
AB  - This study explored the response of recent graduates to their clinical training
      at the University of Otago, Christchurch Clinical School of Medicine. Graduates
      rated their competence at dealing with a number of clinical problems and the
      adequacy of teaching received in relation to their anticipated requirements as
      medical practitioners. They also recorded information concerning their personal
      response to training--role identity, stress and anxiety felt during the course,
      and their commitment to ongoing education and research following training.
      Overall the course was regarded positively. In the light of anticipated
      requirements as medical practitioners some curricular gaps were perceived and
      criticisms of the course identified. Graduates were critical of their teachers'
      abilities in demonstrating interviewing and interpersonal skills. Over 70% of
      graduates felt that they had little or no role during much of their undergraduate
      clinical training. Many graduates felt that they had little opportunity to carry
      out research during training, nor the motivation to undertake research
      subsequently, but they were committed to continuing education.

PMID- 6574380
TI  - Have you thought of rural general practice?

PMID- 6574382
TI  - Doctor as tohunga and doctor as business man.

PMID- 6574381
TI  - The effects of infant feeding, birth order, occupation and socio-economic status
      on speech in six-year-old children.
AB  - The relationship of breast-feeding to the incidence of clear speech at six years
      of age was examined for 319 New Zealand children of European descent in samples
      from Putaruru and West Coast. Children were more likely to be breast-fed if first
      born, and less likely if the father's occupational group was business or
      labouring. Differences in clear speech were associated with birth order and socio
      economic status. Controlling for these effects, the association of breast-feeding
      with clear speech was different for the sexes. It was negligible for girls but
      strongly positive for boys.

PMID- 6574383
TI  - Future shock in medicine: the diminishment of man.

PMID- 6574384
TI  - Cancer research.

PMID- 6574386
TI  - Sudden death in runners.

PMID- 6574385
TI  - Asthma in New Zealand.

PMID- 6574387
TI  - Professional responsibility.

PMID- 6574388
TI  - Screening for rubella immunity.

PMID- 6574389
TI  - Tests for rubella immunity.

PMID- 6574390
TI  - Specialist services in Otago.

PMID- 6574391
TI  - Accident compensation corporation.

PMID- 6574392
TI  - Segregation in South Africa.

PMID- 6574394
TI  - To the future.

PMID- 6574393
TI  - Ethical considerations.

PMID- 6574395
TI  - Ultrasound staffing.

PMID- 6574396
TI  - Lifting and moving patients. 3. A revision training programme.

PMID- 6574397
TI  - The wards revisited (an impression).

PMID- 6574398
TI  - Speaking of history--a new project for NERF.

PMID- 6574400
TI  - My fight for recovery against alcoholism.

PMID- 6574399
TI  - Health for all by the year 2000: the count-down has begun!

PMID- 6574401
TI  - Transfer of nursing education.

PMID- 6574402
TI  - Re-organisation of health services will affect nurses.

PMID- 6574403
TI  - The case for primary nursing.

PMID- 6574404
TI  - The ingredients of a successful primary nursing system.

PMID- 6574405
TI  - The challenge and threat of increasing biotechnology.

PMID- 6574406
TI  - [Brief analysis of gutta percha].

PMID- 6574407
TI  - [The influence of vitamin C in the healing process in children with gingivitis].

PMID- 6574408
TI  - Central giant cell granuloma of the jaws. Case report and review of the
      literature.

PMID- 6574409
TI  - Perspectives on massive osteolysis. Report of a case and review of the
      literature.
AB  - Massive osteolysis is a rare, chronic disease characterized by the progressive
      dissolution of contiguous osseous structures. There is no regeneration following
      the osteolysis. Pathologic fracture often leads to its discovery. The etiology
      and pathophysiology of the disease remain obscure. Chemo- and radiotherapeutic
      attempts at arresting the osteolytic process are generally unsuccessful. Bone
      grafting has proved disappointing, as the graft usually undergoes osteolysis. A
      new case of facial bone involvement in a 13-year-old boy is presented. The
      literature is reviewed, and the clinical experience gained from treating the
      disease is discussed.

PMID- 6574410
TI  - Lateral heat production secondary to electrosurgical incisions.
AB  - Adverse healing responses, including necrosis of soft tissue and sequestration of
      alveolar bone, have been reported following the use of electrosurgery for
      intraoral incisions. These responses are usually attributed to excessive heat
      accumulation during the surgical procedure. The purpose of this investigation was
      to measure temperature changes in subadjacent connective tissue during intraoral
      electrosurgical incisions in palatal mucosa of miniature swine. Results indicate
      that single electrosurgical incisions should be accomplished at a speed of
      approximately 7 mm. per second and that successive incisions should be separated
      by a cooling interval of 8 to 10 seconds to avoid generation of heat sufficient
      to initiate an adverse healing response.

PMID- 6574411
TI  - Use of buccal fat pad for grafts.

PMID- 6574412
TI  - Thrombocytopenia induced by quinine.

PMID- 6574413
TI  - Ineffective dental and surgical treatment associated with atypical facial pain.
AB  - Patients with atypical facial pain (AFP) are subject to ineffective dental and
      surgical procedures for their pain complaints. Twenty-one of fifty-eight patients
      (36.2 percent) with AFP had sixty-five dental and surgical treatments, with only
      one patient showing less pain as a result of the treatment. While the majority of
      patients (69 percent) with AFP suffered from a psychiatric illness, fourteen (24
      percent) of the patients referred for AFP had a specific medical or dental
      disorder that was causal in their pain complaints. There is a trend for the AFP
      patient with a psychiatric diagnosis to receive more ineffective treatments than
      those AFP patients for whom a specific medical or dental diagnosis was made.
      Patients with AFP should receive conservative dental and medical treatment and a
      psychiatric assessment before dental and surgical procedures are contemplated.

PMID- 6574414
TI  - Pruritic cheilitis. Six cases of a rarely seen benign lymphoplasia.
AB  - Six cases of an unusual form of cheilitis are reported, and it is proposed that
      this condition be named cheilitis of benign lymphoplasia. The chief complaint was
      of varying degrees of itching of the vermilion border. Histologically, the
      condition was characterized by a dense lymphocytic infiltrate with numerous
      lymphoid follicles containing well-differentiated germinal centers.

PMID- 6574415
TI  - The differential diagnosis of pyostomatitis vegetans and its relation to bowel
      disease.
AB  - Pyostomatitis vegetans is a rare oral disorder that is usually associated with
      bowel and/or skin disease. The clinical appearance is of soft hyperplastic folds
      of mucosa characterized by small miliary abscesses with superficial erosions.
      Upon analysis of the clinical, histologic, and immunofluorescent findings, cases
      of pyostomatitis vegetans may be classified as the oral manifestation of either
      pyoderma vegetans of Hallopeau, pemphigus vegetans of Hallopeau, or pemphigus
      vegetans of Neumann, although the exact definitions and even the existence of
      these diseases as separate entities are still a matter of controversy.

PMID- 6574416
TI  - Histopathology associated with malposition of the human temporomandibular joint
      disc.
AB  - Anterior displacement of the temporomandibular joint disc is associated with a
      general remodeling of the joint's soft tissues. The anterior part of the
      posterior attachment becomes fibrotic. The external shape and the internal
      architecture of the disc change in characteristic ways. The disc appears to
      overlie more of the lateral pterygoid muscle than is normal. The capsule
      connecting the anterior band of the disc to the condyle appears to be elongated.

PMID- 6574417
TI  - The effect of the filling material in the tissue reactions following apical
      plugging of the root canal with dentin chips. A histologic study in monkeys'
      teeth.
AB  - The object of the present work was to observe whether the root canal filling
      material has some influence in the periapical healing process after apical
      plugging with dentin chips. Monkeys' teeth were filled with nine different
      filling materials in use today. Ninety days after the treatment, the histologic
      data showed no differences in the results with the nine materials studied. This
      fact suggests that the filling material does not influence the healing process
      when the plug is present.

PMID- 6574418
TI  - Potassium nitrate: an effective treatment for pulpitis.

PMID- 6574419
TI  - Recommendations for quality assurance in dental radiography.
AB  - Dental practitioners in the United States are exposing more than 400 million
      dental radiographs per year. Major national studies have indicated that
      improvements in radiographic quality is needed. Quality assurance (QA) programs
      used in medical radiology are designed to produce radiographs that are of high
      quality, use the least amount of radiation, and are produced at minimum cost.
      Preliminary recommendations are presented from the Quality Assurance Committee of
      the American Academy of Dental Radiology as an outline for establishing
      preventive maintenance of x-ray systems and a preliminary method for determining
      appropriate QA monitoring levels for dentistry. Included are recommendations for
      three stages of dental radiology QA. These are preliminary ratings and are
      expected to change as more dental QA information becomes available.

PMID- 6574420
TI  - Chemical intensification of dental radiographs.
AB  - The potential applications of chemical intensification in dental radiography are
      explored. Three standard photographic intensifiers and three methods designed for
      radiographic use are evaluated. One of these methods is shown to be capable of
      reducing radiation dose to one half, without loss of diagnostic quality. Further
      work is necessary to achieve a system sufficiently practicable to deserve
      widespread use in routine clinical dental radiography.

PMID- 6574422
TI  - The shrinking health care dollar and nursing in New Mexico: one nurse's view.

PMID- 6574421
TI  - Chromosome studies on acute nonlymphocytic leukaemia in children.
AB  - Cytogenetic studies have been carried out on 17 children with acute
      nonlymphocytic leukaemia (ANLL). Of the 16 patients analysed at diagnosis, 11 had
      acquired clonal chromosome abnormalities. Four out of seven cases with acute
      myeloid leukaemia (M2) had 8;21 translocations, two of which were variants.
      Comparisons with other data on ANLL confirmed the association between the 8;21
      translocation and the younger age groups. There are indications that the
      Netherlands may be a high incidence area for this translocation. Differences in
      the type of chromosome anomalies between childhood and adult ANLL were evident
      suggesting that different aetiologic factors may be involved.

PMID- 6574423
TI  - Manifestations of body-image changes in the elderly due to stress and a model for
      nursing treatment.

PMID- 6574424
TI  - Calcium hydroxide: is there a biological basis for its use in dentistry?

PMID- 6574425
TI  - Anthracycline-binding induced DNA stiffening, bending and elongation;
      stereochemical implications from viscometric investigations.
AB  - Upon interaction of the three anthracycline antibiotics daunomycin, adriamycin,
      and aclacinomycin A with calf thymus DNA the relative changes of both DNA contour
      length, delta L/Lo, and persistence length, delta a/ao, have been determined as a
      function of r, the ratio of bound ligand molecules per DNA mononucleotide. From
      the r dependence of delta a/ao a measure for the stiffening effect and also the
      angle gamma of ligand-induced DNA bending could be derived. Experimental basis
      are titration viscometric measurements upon both low and high molecular weight
      DNA. It was found that the DNA contour length increases linearly with r by
      approximately 0.34 nm per bound drug molecule. The comparatively very high DNA
      stiffening effect measured in solution is understandable as a result of helix
      clamping by at least two anthracycline groups of sufficient long distance. The
      variation of gamma on DNA interaction with different anthracycline derivatives
      find their explanation in terms of different values of the mismatch to in
      register binding prior to complex formation. From an analogous interpretation of
      viscosity measurements by Arcamone and coworkers upon high molecular weight DNA
      with many anthracycline derivatives it can be concluded that DNA interaction by
      both amino sugar and 9-acetyl group are responsible for the generation of strong
      anthracycline binding mediated DNA stiffening effects in solution. (A combined
      analysis of the viscosity measurements by Cohen & Eisenberg and Armstrong et al.
      upon DNA interaction with proflavine indicates a very small DNA stiffening
      effect, gamma = 6.7 sigma and a helix elongation by 0.35 nm per bound ligand
      molecule.)

PMID- 6574426
TI  - The isolation and measurement of tRNAmeti using RNA/DNA hybridization.
AB  - A pBR322 plasmid containing the initiator tRNAmet gene of Xenopus (pt145 -
      donated by Stuart Clarkson) will specifically bind to mouse initiator tRNAmet
      (tRNAmeti) when total mouse tRNA, extracted from uninduced Friend erythroleukemia
      cells, is hybridized to the gene probe. One dimensional electrophoresis of the
      hybridizing tRNA in 20% polyacrylamide reveals one major band (95%) and a minor
      band. The hybridizing tRNA has been identified as initiator tRNAmet by RNA
      sequencing. Hybridization of tRNAtotal to another plasmid containing the Xenopus
      gene for tRNAasn results in two bound species with different electrophoretic
      mobilities than the tRNA bound to the initiator tRNAmet gene. pt145 has been used
      to measure the steady state concentration of initiator tRNAmet in the uninduced
      and erythroid Friend cell, and in the unfertilized egg and 21 h blastula of the
      sea urchin. Initiator tRNAmet represents 0.91% and 0.52% of the tRNA populations
      extracted from uninduced and erythroid Friend cells, respectively. Based upon the
      total tRNA content per cell, there is a 3.8 fold decrease in initiator tRNAmet
      per cell during erythroid differentiation. tRNA extracted from unfertilized eggs
      and 21 h blastula of the sea urchin both have 0.5% of total tRNA as initiator
      tRNAmet (approximately 1.5 pg).

PMID- 6574427
TI  - Molecular structure of deoxyadenylyl-3'-methylphosphonate-5'-thymidine dihydrate,
      (d-ApT x 2H2O), a dinucleoside monophosphate with neutral phosphodiester
      backbone. An X-ray crystal study.
AB  - dApT, a modified deoxyribose dinucleoside phosphate with an uncharged
      methylphosphonate group, crystallizes as dihydrate in space group P2(1)2(1)2, a =
      9.629(3), b = 20.884(6) and c = 14.173(4)A, Z = 4. The structure has been
      determined using 2176 X-ray diffractometer reflections and refined to a final R
      of 0.105. Torsion angles about P-O(5') and P-O(3') bonds are -91.8 degrees and
      117.8 degrees. The former is in the normal (-)gauche range while the latter is
      eclipsed. Bases are oriented anti, the sugar of adenosine is puckered 2T3
      (C(2')endo) whereas that of thymidine displays puckering disorder with major and
      minor occupancy sites. Major site is a half-chair 2T (C(2')endo-C(1')exo) and
      minor site an envelope 3T2 (C(3(1)endo). Adenine and thymine bases of symmetry
      related molecules form reversed Hoogsteen type base pairs, water molecules are
      disordered in the crystal lattice.

PMID- 6574428
TI  - Disorders of eating in adolescence: anorexia nervosa and bulimia.
AB  - While the clinical syndrome of anorexia nervosa is currently receiving a great
      deal of scientific and clinical interest, few research findings predict
      successful outcomes. The most effective approach to date gleans intervention
      strategies from the behavioral model. This approach does not negate individual,
      family, and group approaches but gives direction for the maintenance of the
      individual in a therapeutic milieu. The work of the Task Force of the National
      Group for Classification of Nursing Diagnoses gives guidance for the development
      of adequate assessment tools and standardized care plans. Ultimately, outcome
      criteria should be available for prediction and testing.

PMID- 6574429
TI  - Depth of seating of pins of the Link series and Link Plus series.

PMID- 6574430
TI  - Abrasion resistance of coated gypsum dies.

PMID- 6574431
TI  - Mercury vapor related to manipulation of amalgam and to floor surface.

PMID- 6574432
TI  - Effect of designs of Class 2 preparations on resistance of teeth to fracture.

PMID- 6574433
TI  - Electrosurgical pulpotomy in primates--a comparison with formocresol pulpotomy.

PMID- 6574434
TI  - An autoradiographic study of the response of rat molar pulp to formocresol using
      3H-thymidine.

PMID- 6574435
TI  - Radiographic anatomy of pulpal chambers of primary molars.

PMID- 6574436
TI  - Pulpal management of permanent first molars with open apices: case history.

PMID- 6574438
TI  - Gingival health of premolar successors to crowned primary molars.

PMID- 6574437
TI  - Root canal treatment in primary teeth: a review.

PMID- 6574439
TI  - The changing dental care patterns of participants in a school-based fluoride
      mouthrinsing program.

PMID- 6574440
TI  - Prediction of the combined right and left canine and premolar widths in both
      arches of the mixed dentition.

PMID- 6574441
TI  - Tissue changes induced by the absorption of formocresol from pulpotomy sites in
      dogs.

PMID- 6574442
TI  - Effect of digit-sucking habits on root morphology in primary incisors.

PMID- 6574443
TI  - The only child: candidate for increased dental care.

PMID- 6574444
TI  - Preliminary report on the use of ketamine in pediatric dentistry.

PMID- 6574445
TI  - Surgical treatment of an unerupted supernumerary tooth attached to an unerupted
      permanent incisor.

PMID- 6574446
TI  - Incidental finding of odontogenic fibroma: case report.

PMID- 6574447
TI  - Radiographic and histologic evaluation of the effect of two concentrations of
      formocresol on pulpotomized primary and young permanent teeth in monkeys.

PMID- 6574448
TI  - [Prealbumins in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with meningeal metastases of
      lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6574449
TI  - [Correlation of the clinical course and chromosome aberrations in children with
      lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6574450
TI  - Relationship between promoter structure and template specificities exhibited by
      the bacteriophage T3 and T7 RNA polymerases.
AB  - To explore the basis for the template specificities of the bacteriophage T3 and
      T7 RNA polymerases (EC 2.7.7.6), we determined the nucleotide sequences of six
      promoters recognized by the T3 RNA polymerase and compared them with the
      previously determined promoter sequences recognized by the bacteriophage T7 RNA
      polymerase. Recombinant plasmids containing random Hpa II and Taq I fragments of
      T3 DNA were screened for T3 promoter activity in vitro in a transcription assay
      using purified T3 RNA polymerase. Five promoters for the T3 RNA polymerase were
      identified in this manner and their sequences were determined; the sequence of an
      additional promoter was determined directly from a genomic DNA fragment. In five
      of the T3 promoters an identical 16-base-pair sequence (A-C-C-C-T-C-A-C-T-A-A-A-G
      G-G-A) extends from -12 to +4 (initiation occurring with GTP at +1); this
      sequence is preceded by a 6-base-pair A + T region. The remaining promoter
      contains an inserted C at position -1 and an A at the +1 position. The sequence
      of the 5' end of the RNA transcript from the latter promoter confirms that
      transcription is initiated with ATP at the +1 position. Previously, late T3 or T7
      transcripts had not been found to initiate with ATP. The highly conserved T3
      promoter sequence was compared to the T7 promoter consensus sequence. The
      fundamental difference between the two kinds of phage promoters is the occurrence
      of G-A at positions -11 and -10 in the T7 promoter, whereas there is a single C
      at position -10 in the T3 promoter.

PMID- 6574451
TI  - H2A.F: an extremely variant histone H2A sequence expressed in the chicken embryo.
AB  - A cDNA clone bank has been constructed from chicken embryonic RNA. Clones
      hybridizing poorly to embryonic histone gene probes were selected as possible
      variant gene transcripts. The DNA sequence of one cDNA predicts an extremely
      variant H2A protein (H2A.F), which is 40% divergent from the most abundant H2A
      protein in chicken erythrocyte chromatin. The H2A.F gene is not highly conserved
      across large species barriers, but in the chicken there may be a family of linked
      genes. The H2A.F mRNA is approximately equal to 820 base pairs in length and,
      unlike most other histone mRNAs, is polyadenylylated. Significantly, the H2A.F
      transcript shows a limited tissue distribution in the chicken embryo.

PMID- 6574452
TI  - Identification of human neurophysins: complete amino acid sequences of MSEL- and
      VLDV-neurophysins.
AB  - Two human neurophysins have been purified from acetone-desiccated posterior
      pituitaries by acidic extraction, molecular sieving, and ion-exchange
      chromatography. The complete amino acid sequence of each protein has been
      determined by using a sequencer and characterizing two sets of overlapping
      enzymic peptides. The two neurophysins belong to two structural families
      previously defined as MSEL- and VLDV-neurophysins according to the nature of the
      residues in positions 2, 3, 6, and 7. (MSEL-neurophysins contain methionine-2,
      serine-3, glutamic acid-6, and leucine-7; VLDV-neurophysins contain valine-2,
      leucine-3, aspartic acid-6, and valine-7.) Human MSEL-neurophysin has only 93
      residues instead of 95 usually found in MSEL-neurophysins from other mammalian
      species, probably because of a deletion of amino acids 91 and 92. Compared with
      bovine MSEL-neurophysin, nine variations (seven substitutions and two deletions)
      are observed. Human VLDV-neurophysin has 93 residues, as do the other mammalian
      VLDV-neurophysins. There are 11 substitutions when the comparison is made with
      bovine VLDV-neurophysin. Between the two human neurophysins, there are 26
      variations. However, the central parts of the proteins (residues 10-70) are
      nearly identical. Furthermore, in this region identical substitutions are found
      in positions 29 and 60 of both neurophysins, suggesting either a single exon or
      some relationship between the two corresponding genes.

PMID- 6574453
TI  - Sequential change of carbohydrate antigen associated with differentiation of
      murine leukemia cells: i-I antigenic conversion and shifting of glycolipid
      synthesis.
AB  - Cell surface carbohydrate antigens and their metabolism were investigated during
      the course of differentiation of murine cultured leukemia cells (M1) into
      macrophage-like cells. The major glycolipids in undifferentiated M1 cells were of
      the ganglio series, with a small amount of lacto-series glycolipids. A novel
      branched structure was found as a tetraosylceramide of M1- cells. Upon
      differentiation, synthesis of lacto-series glycolipids was significantly enhanced
      and synthesis of globo-series glycolipids was newly induced but the ganglio
      series synthesis was much reduced. Undifferentiated cells expressed only i
      antigen (i+I-Pk-); differentiated macrophage-like cells became I-antigen dominant
      and Pk-antigen positive (i+/-I+Pk+). The changes proceeded in two sequential
      steps: (i) an enhancement of lacto-series glycolipid synthesis associated with
      the conversion of i antigen to I antigen, and (ii) subsequent induction of globo
      series glycolipid synthesis accompanied by the appearance of Pk antigen. The
      experimental system offers a clue for studies on the process of branching (i-to-I
      conversion) as well as the biological significance of three major glycolipids
      (globo-, lacto-, and ganglio-series) as markers of cell differentiation.

PMID- 6574455
TI  - Perturbation of hydrogen bonds in the adenine . thymine base pair by Na+: A
      quantum chemical study.
AB  - Ab initio self-consistent field calculations with 4-31G and STO-3G basis sets
      show that Na+ are able to damage the H bonds in the formamidine . formamide
      complex, modeling the adenine . thymine base pair (both H bonds in the complex
      investigated are the same as in adenine . thymine). If a water molecule is placed
      between the complex and Na+, the H bonds of the model are fully protected.
      Covalent as well as noncovalent binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to
      nucleic acids should decrease the local concentration of water as a result of the
      insertion of the hydrophobic hydrocarbon into the DNA and thereby increase the
      exposure of the DNA H bonds to Na+ attack. Thus, Na+ reaching the base pair could
      provoke or interfere with cell division.

PMID- 6574454
TI  - Monoclonal antibody to chicken oviduct progesterone receptor.
AB  - Antibodies to molybdate-stabilized chicken oviduct progesterone receptor were
      raised in a Wistar rat and detected by interaction with homogeneous
      radioiodinated progesterone receptor. Spleen cells of this rat were then fused
      with mouse Sp2/0-Ag14 myeloma cells and the antibodies produced by the hybrid
      cells were detected by double immunoprecipitation using the 125I-labeled
      receptor. Cells of one of the positive cultures were then cloned by limiting
      dilution and one hybridoma cell line was studied. The monoclonal antibody
      produced was an IgG2b, and it reacted with the molybdate-stabilized "8-9S" form
      of the chicken oviduct progesterone receptor, labeled with either
      [3H]progesterone or [3H]ORG 2058 (a high-affinity synthetic progestin). Kd for
      the 8-9S progesterone receptor was approximately equal to 1 nM. Progesterone
      receptor-monoclonal antibody complexes were labeled with radioactive
      progesterone, suggesting that antibody does not prevent hormone binding. By using
      a [35S]methionine-labeled antibody, we were able to detect the progesterone
      receptor independently of its characteristic function of binding radioactive
      hormone. No crossreaction with human progesterone receptor was detected.

PMID- 6574456
TI  - Molecular cloning of human gastrin cDNA: evidence for evolution of gastrin by
      gene duplication.
AB  - An oligo(dT)-primed cDNA copy of the mRNA coding for the human gastrin precursor
      was constructed from poly(A)-containing RNA from a human pancreatic, gastrin
      producing tumor (a gastrinoma). The cDNA was inserted into the Pst I endonuclease
      site of plasmid pBR322 by the use of the poly(dC) and poly(dG) tailing procedure.
      Clones containing gastrin sequences were selected by hybridization to a purified
      single-stranded 32P-labeled gastrin cDNA probe. This probe was constructed with
      gastrinoma mRNA as template. As primer for the cDNA synthesis, we used a
      synthetic oligonucleotide mixture, d(AG-A-A-AG-T-C-C-A-T-C-C-A), corresponding to
      the gastrin-specific amino acid sequence Trp-Met-Asp-Phe. In this way we
      determined the nucleotide sequence of the entire coding region (303 nucleotides),
      the entire 3' untranslated region (102 nucleotides), and 8 nucleotides of the 5'
      untranslated region. A striking homology between parts of the coding region
      suggests that evolution of the gastrin gene has involved a gene duplication.

PMID- 6574457
TI  - Lack of Z-DNA conformation in mitomycin-modified polynucleotides having inverted
      circular dichroism.
AB  - Poly(dG-dC) . poly(dG-dC) and Micrococcus lysodeikticus DNA were modified by
      exposure to reductively activated mitomycin C, an antitumor antibiotic. The
      resulting covalent drug-polynucleotide complexes displayed varying degrees of CD
      inversions, which are strikingly similar to the inverted spectrum observed with Z
      DNA. The following criteria have been used to establish, however, that the
      inverted CD pattern seen in mitomycin C-polynucleotide complexes does not reflect
      a Z-DNA conformation. (i) The ethanol-induced transition of poly(dG-dC) . poly(dG
      dC) from B to Z conformation is not facilitated but rather is inhibited by
      mitomycin C modification. This may be due to the presence of crosslinks, (ii)
      Radioimmunoassay indicated no competition for Z-DNA-specific antibody by any of
      the mitomycin C-modified polynucleotides, (iii) 31P NMR of the complexes yielded
      a single relatively narrow resonance, which is inconsistent with the dinucleotide
      repeat characteristic of Z-DNA. Alternative explanations for the inverted CD
      pattern include a drug-induced left-handed but non-Z conformational change or the
      superposition of an induced CD onto the CD of B-DNA due to drug-base electronic
      interactions. These results illustrate the need for caution in interpreting CD
      changes alone as an indication of Z-DNA conformation.

PMID- 6574458
TI  - Enzymic synthesis and cofactor activity of 3'-pyrophosphocoenzyme A.
AB  - The 3'-pyrophosphate derivative of CoA was synthesized by using the excreted 5'
      to-3' pyrophosphoryl-transferring enzyme from Streptomyces adephospholyticus and
      ATP as donor and dephospho-CoA as acceptor. Cofactor activity of this new
      coenzyme A derivative was tested with Clostridium kluyveri phosphotransacetylase
      and hog heart succinic thiokinase. With the phosphotransacetylase, 3'-pyrophospho
      CoA was found to be twice as active as CoA whereas dephospho-CoA was inactive.
      However, succinic thiokinase utilized all three types of CoA equally well.
      Adenosine 5'-monophosphate 3'-pyrophosphate also was synthesized and used as an
      analog of adenosine 5'-monophosphate 3'-monophosphate in the dog liver's
      sulfotransferase-catalyzed sulfate transfer from p-nitrophenyl sulfate to phenol.
      In contrast to the pyrophospho derivative of coenzyme A, adenosine 5'
      monophosphate 3'-pyrophosphate was inactive as a cofactor.

PMID- 6574459
TI  - Gene and protein sequences of adenovirus protein VII, a hybrid basic chromosomal
      protein.
AB  - The sequences of both the gene and the corresponding protein of adenovirus major
      core protein VII have been determined. The precise location of this gene is
      between 43.37 and 44.90 map coordinates on the viral genome. Protein VII is 173
      residues long and has a molecular weight of 19,258. Detailed analysis of its
      sequence has revealed four basic domains separated by several predicted alpha
      helices. It is proposed that intrachain folding of protein VII is driven by
      hydrophobic interactions of the alpha helices, leaving the basic domains of the
      protein to interact with DNA phosphates. Protein monomers may further associate
      with each other in the formation of hexameric nucleosome-like particles. The
      displacement and replacement of protein VII during the viral infectious cycle in
      the host cell appears to mimic the biology of nucleoprotamine during the
      processes of spermatogenesis and fertilization. The presence of a protamine-like
      domain affirms a hybrid histone/protamine molecular structure for protein VII,
      although it may resemble the protamine in function.

PMID- 6574460
TI  - Presence of 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid, a
      precursor of a mutagenic nitroso compound, in soy sauce.
AB  - After treatment with nitrite, Japanese soy sauce was strongly mutagenic to
      Salmonella typhimurium TA100 without S9 mixture. Two precursors of the mutagen
      were isolated from Japanese soy sauce, and these were identified as (-)-(1S,3S)-1
      methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid [(-)-(1S,3S)-MTCA] and
      its stereoisomer (-)-(1R,3S)-MTCA. After treatment with nitrite, 1-mg samples of
      these compounds induced 17,400 and 13,000 revertants of TA100, respectively,
      without S9 mixture. Quantitative analysis of various kinds of soy sauces produced
      in Japan showed the presence of 82-678 micrograms of MTCA per ml. The
      mutagenicities of these compounds with nitrite accounted for 16-61% of the total
      mutagenicity of soy sauce with nitrite. Most soy sauces produced in the United
      States were less mutagenic than those produced in Japan and little, if any, of
      these two precursors of the mutagen was found in them. A major reaction product
      of (-)-(1S,3S)-MTCA and nitrite was a compound having a nitroso substitution at
      position N-2, but this compound was not mutagenic. Thus, the mutagen(s) formed
      from (-)-(1S,3S)-MTCA and nitrite was a minor product(s), and its specific
      mutagenic activity must be very high.

PMID- 6574461
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies to mitotic cells.
AB  - Certain proteins or activities are present in mitotic cells but not in interphase
      cells. These proteins may be synthesized or activated, or both, just prior to
      mitosis and are responsible for the breakdown of the nuclear envelope and the
      condensation of chromosomes. To learn more about the nature of these proteins, we
      raised monoclonal antibodies to mitotic cells. Spleen cells from mice immunized
      with a 0.15 M NaCl extract of synchronized mitotic HeLa cells were fused with
      SP2/0-Ag14 mouse myeloma cells, and hybrids were selected in medium containing
      hypoxanthine, methotrexate, thymidine, and glycine. Two different hybridoma
      clones secreting antibodies reactive with mitotic and meiotic cells from every
      species tested were isolated. Chromosomes as well as cytoplasm in mitotic cells
      reacted with the antibodies, as detected by indirect immunofluorescence. The
      proteins from mitotic cells were separated by electrophoresis in
      NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide slab gels, transferred to nitrocellulose sheets, and
      stained immunochemically. The two antibodies, designated MPM-1 and MPM-2,
      recognize a family of polypeptides with apparent molecular masses of 0.40 to
      greater than 200 kilodaltons (kDa). Both antibodies reacted strongly with three
      polypeptide bands of 182 kDa, 118 kDa, and 70 kDa. Only mitotic cells exhibited
      the protein bands that were recognized by the antibodies. All these bands were
      found to be phosphoproteins as shown by 32P labeling and autoradiography and
      their removal by alkaline phosphatase treatment.

PMID- 6574462
TI  - Demonstration of permanent factor-dependent multipotential
      (erythroid/neutrophil/basophil) hematopoietic progenitor cell lines.
AB  - Multipotential hematopoietic progenitor cell lines have been established from
      nonadherent cell populations removed from continuous mouse bone marrow cultures.
      Clonal sublines of lines B6SUtA or B6JUt derived from single cells formed mixed
      colonies containing erythroid cells, neutrophil-granulocytes, and basophil/mast
      cells in semisolid medium containing erythropoietin and conditioned medium from
      pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen cells. Each of several subclones of cell line
      Ro cl formed colonies containing eosinophils, neutrophil-granulocytes, and
      basophil/mast cells in semisolid medium. Multipotentiality was maintained in
      vitro for over 2 1/2 years. In contrast, cell line 32D formed basophil/mast cell
      colonies with no detectable differentiation to other pathways. Multipotential
      cell lines did not produce detectable spleen colonies (CFUs) in vivo, nor did
      intravenous inoculation of up to 5 X 10(7) cells protect lethally irradiated mice
      from bone marrow failure. Newborn and adult mice inoculated with 5 X 10(7) cells
      showed no detectable leukemia or solid tumors after one year. Both multipotential
      and committed basophil/mast cell lines demonstrated absolute dependence upon a
      source of a growth factor(s) found in medium conditioned by WEHI-3 cells. These
      cell lines should be of value in studies of the regulation of hematopoietic stem
      cell differentiation in vitro.

PMID- 6574463
TI  - Appearance of a cytosolic protein that stimulates glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
      dehydrogenase activity during initiation of renal epithelial cell growth.
AB  - Rats fed a K-deficient diet exhibit accelerated kidney growth and enhanced
      activity of the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PD;
      D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.12). Cultures of renal
      epithelial cells (BSC-1 line) served as a model for this phenomenon because a
      reduction in the medium K concentration from 5.4 to 3.2 mM resulted in augmented
      growth and increased G3PD activity. Mixing the soluble supernatant fraction from
      cells grown in low-K medium (3.2 mM) with that from cells grown in control medium
      indicated that the cytosol of low-K cells contained a positive modifier of G3PD
      activity. Appearance of modifier activity that occurred within 1 hr after
      exposure of cells to low-K medium was blocked by cycloheximide but not by
      actinomycin D. Modifier activity was also observed in mouse fibroblasts
      stimulated by low-K medium and in proliferating renal medullary tissue from rats
      fed a K-deficient diet. A single protein that contained G3PD-stimulating activity
      was isolated from the soluble supernatant of BSC-1 cells exposed to low-K medium.
      This protein was not detectable in control cells. The material yielded a single
      band on NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with an apparent Mr of
      62,000. These results suggest that a new protein with the capacity to stimulate
      G3PD activity appears in the cytosol during the initiation of cell growth.

PMID- 6574464
TI  - Endogenous avian retroviruses contain deficient promoter and leader sequences.
AB  - A sensitive and quantitative biological assay has been utilized to measure the
      ability of the exogenous and endogenous avian retroviral long terminal repeats
      (LTR) to promote gene expression in avian cells. This assay has revealed that the
      exogenous virus RAV-2 LTR is approximately equal to 10-fold more active than the
      LTRs of endogenous viruses RAV-0, ev-1, and ev-2. The endogenous viral LTRs show
      approximately equal activity. Upstream flanking cellular or viral sequences have
      no significant modulating effect on gene expression in our assay. Unexpectedly,
      we have detected and localized an additional defect outside of the LTR in the 5'
      noncoding leader sequence of ev-1 that further decreases gene expression relative
      to RAV-0 by approximately equal to 10-fold.

PMID- 6574465
TI  - Detection of an unusually stable fibrinolytic inhibitor produced by bovine
      endothelial cells.
AB  - Fibrin/agar films were prepared and used to detect plasminogen activators
      produced by cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (fibrin autography). One
      preparation of fibrin underwent spontaneous lysis upon incubation at 37 degrees
      C. This lysis was prevented by antibodies to tissue-type plasminogen activator
      but not by antibodies to urokinase. Conditioned medium from the confluent
      endothelial cells was fractionated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the
      presence of NaDodSO4. The gels were analyzed on indicator films prepared with the
      spontaneously lysing fibrin (reverse fibrin autography). Unexpectedly, as the
      opaque fibrin film cleared, a distinct lysis-resistant zone appeared in the
      indicator gel at a region corresponding to Mr 55,000. Experiments were devised to
      determine whether the lysis-resistant zone in the indicator film reflected the
      presence of a cellular inhibitor in the polyacrylamide gel. The corresponding
      region was excised from a polyacrylamide gel, extracted with buffer, and tested
      directly for antifibrinolytic activity by the 125I-labeled fibrin plate method.
      Urokinase-mediated fibrinolytic activity was inhibited by the gel extract in a
      dose-dependent manner indicating the presence of such an inhibitor. Inhibitor
      activity was detected in Triton X-100 extracts of washed monolayers and in
      conditioned medium, where it accumulated with time. The endothelial cell
      inhibitor not only survived exposure to NaDodSO4 but also was active after
      incubation at pH 12 or treatment with 5% (vol/vol) 2-mercaptoethanol, 6 M urea, 4
      M guanidine hydrochloride, or 1 M acetic acid. Considerable activity also
      remained after heating at 100 degrees C for 30 min. These results indicate that
      cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells synthesize and secrete a previously
      undetected, unusually stable fibrinolytic inhibitor of Mr 55,000. Reverse fibrin
      autography offers a convenient approach for studying such molecules.

PMID- 6574466
TI  - Opposing effects of interferon produced in bacteria and of tumor promoters on
      myogenesis in human myoblast cultures.
AB  - We have studied the effects of human leukocyte interferon produced in bacteria
      and diterpene phorbol ester tumor promoters on differentiation of normal human
      myoblast cultures derived from mature skeletal muscle. Interferon (100-5,000
      units/ml) induced an acceleration of myotube formation and creatine kinase (CK;
      EC 2.7.3.2) isoenzyme transition from CK-BB to CK-MM. Heat-inactivated or trypsin
      treated interferon did not affect the differentiation process. In contrast, the
      potent tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), but not its
      inactive structural analogues phorbol and 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate,
      caused a dose-dependent (0.01-100 ng/ml) inhibition of myotube formation and CK
      isoenzyme transition. Neither interferon nor TPA had a significant effect on
      myoblast proliferation prior to fusion, and the cloning efficiencies were similar
      as well. Opposing effects of interferon and TPA were also demonstrated by
      simultaneous application of these agents to the cultures. These studies suggest
      that some of the antitumor effects of interferon may relate to its capacity to
      modulate cellular differentiation.

PMID- 6574467
TI  - Sexuality in piroplasms as revealed by electron microscopy in Babesia microti.
AB  - Protozoa of the closely related genera Babesia and Theileria are
      intraerythrocytic parasites of vertebrates. They have a complex life cycle that
      includes development in an intermediate vector host, a tick. Whether sexual
      stages occur in the tick has been a subject of great controversy. The small size
      of the organism and the complexity of developmental stages in the gut of the tick
      have prevented a definitive solution of this problem. By means of a simple and
      straightforward although time-consuming method, it became possible to demonstrate
      gametes and their sexual fusion in Babesia microti developing in the gut of
      larvae of the tick Ixodes dammini. Tick larvae fed on hamsters infected with a
      human strain of B. microti were fixed and processed for electron microscopy. It
      was found that some of the parasites formed a unique structure shaped like an
      arrowhead. Because it was suspected that these forms might represent gametes, a
      search was made for pairs of parasites that were fusing and with each member of
      the pair emerging from a different erythrocyte. Such a fusing pair could not
      possibly represent a parasite undergoing division. By study of serial sections
      such pairs were indeed found. In every case one member of the pair of gametes had
      an arrowhead structure. This proves sexuality of B. microti and makes highly
      likely its existence in all members of the genera Babesia and Theileria.

PMID- 6574468
TI  - Multiple origins of life.
AB  - There is some indication that life may have originated readily under primitive
      earth conditions. If there were multiple origins of life, the result could have
      been a polyphyletic biota today. Using simple stochastic models for
      diversification and extinction, we conclude: (i) the probability of survival of
      life is low unless there are multiple origins, and (ii) given survival of life
      and given as many as 10 independent origins of life, the odds are that all but
      one would have gone extinct, yielding the monophyletic biota we have now. The
      fact of the survival of our particular form of life does not imply that it was
      unique or superior.

PMID- 6574469
TI  - High mutation frequency in DNA transfected into mammalian cells.
AB  - The lacI gene of Escherichia coli was used to score mutation in mammalian cells
      of simian virus 40-based recombinant DNA vectors that provide for replication and
      selection in both bacterial and mammalian cells. Plasmid DNA was introduced into
      COS7 simian cells by DEAE-dextran transfection, allowed to replicate in the
      mammalian cells, and then returned to E. coli for analysis. Mutants in lacI were
      observed at frequencies of one to several percent, compared with a spontaneous
      mutation rate in E. coli of less than 10(-5). The lesions include a large number
      of base substitutions, in addition to deletions, duplications, and more complex
      rearrangements, including insertion into the plasmid of sequences originating in
      the host genome. We discuss possible sources of the high mutation frequency and
      its implications for experiments involving DNA transfer.

PMID- 6574470
TI  - Electroanatomy of a unique amacrine cell in the rabbit retina.
AB  - Intracellular electrophysiological recordings were obtained from a specialized
      class of "starburst" amacrine cells by using an isolated superperfused retina
      eyecup preparation of the rabbit. These cells were injected intracellularly with
      horseradish peroxidase and identified with light microscopy. A computer
      controlled image-processing system was used to map and display the three
      dimensional dendritic organization and provide information on length and
      sublaminar distribution of dendritic processes. Starburst amacrines show an
      unusual dendritic architecture that includes thin intermediate dendritic
      segments. Analysis with steady-state cable equations suggests that these thin
      segments may provide electrical isolation of distal processes, raising the
      possibility that a single dendrite, which lies beyond the thin segment, may
      constitute a functional subunit of the cell.

PMID- 6574471
TI  - Selective accumulation of cytosol CDP-choline as an isolated erythrocyte defect
      in chronic hemolysis.
AB  - Erythrocytes from a young woman with chronic hemolytic anemia were found to
      contain 0.31-0.45 mM CDP-choline, concentrations that are 15-25 times those in
      normal erythrocytes and equivalent to 20-30% of the total adenine nucleotide
      content. Accumulation of CDP-choline has been reported only in erythrocytes from
      subjects with severe (homozygous) pyrimidine nucleotidase deficiency. In the
      latter syndrome, however, pyrimidine nucleotidase activity is very low and a
      spectrum of uridine- and cytidine-containing nucleotides is present along with
      epiphenomena involving glutathione and ribosephosphate pyrophosphokinase. By
      contrast, selective accumulation of CDP-choline was the only abnormality
      demonstrable in proband erythrocytes. Membrane phospholipids were quantitatively
      and qualitatively normal, compatible with the observation that mature
      erythrocytes maintain membrane phospholipids largely by passive exchange with
      plasma components or by acylation of lysophospholipids. Although the presence of
      small amounts of other CDP-containing cofactors, such as CDP-ethanolamine, could
      not be entirely excluded, the cytidine/choline ratio closely approximated 1:1 in
      all studies. These data are compatible with the view that choline
      phosphotransferase and ethanolamine phosphotransferase are separate enzymes in
      erythroid cells. Selective accumulation of CDP-choline in proband erythrocytes is
      also compatible with an inherited deficiency of choline phosphotransferase in
      erythroid precursors, though this hypothesis remains unproved.

PMID- 6574472
TI  - Increased rate of cell-substratum detachment of fibroblasts from patients with
      Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
AB  - When skin fibroblasts from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy were treated
      with trypsin in the presence of divalent cations, they detached more rapidly from
      the substratum than did fibroblasts from normal individuals of similar age, sex,
      and passage number. This difference was observed when either the time of
      incubation or trypsin concentration was varied. The ease of detachment of both
      normal and dystrophic fibroblasts varied somewhat with culture age and plating
      density, although detachment was always greater for fibroblasts from dystrophic
      individuals. If the trypsin treatment was carried out in the absence of divalent
      cations, both types of fibroblasts detached rapidly from the substratum,
      suggesting that a divalent-cation dependent cell-substratum adhesion mechanism is
      altered in Duchenne muscular dystrophy fibroblasts.

PMID- 6574473
TI  - Developmental regulation of Ca2+ and K+ currents during hormone-induced
      maturation of starfish oocytes.
AB  - Changes in the electrical properties of starfish oocytes during hormone-induced
      maturation (the reinitiation of meiosis prior to fertilization) were studied by
      using the voltage-clamp technique. Three voltage-dependent ionic currents
      dominate the current-voltage relation of the immature oocyte: an inward Ca2+
      current, a fast transient K+ current similar to the "A current" of molluscan
      neurons, and an inwardly rectifying K+ current. During in vitro maturation
      stimulated by the natural maturing hormone 1-methyladenine, gradual changes in
      the amplitudes of all three currents were seen: the Ca2+ currents became larger,
      and both K+ currents became smaller. The kinetics of the currents were not
      significantly altered during maturation. As a result of these changes, action
      potentials in the mature egg had lower thresholds, faster rates of rise, and
      larger overshoots than those of the immature oocyte. We also found that the total
      membrane capacitance decreased substantially during maturation, perhaps
      indicating a decrease in membrane surface area triggered by the hormone. The
      significance of these results is discussed in terms of the preparation of the
      immature oocyte for fertilization and the mechanisms of modification of ion
      channel properties during development.

PMID- 6574474
TI  - Microheterogeneity ("neurotypy") of neurofilament proteins.
AB  - Neurofilaments purified from adult rat brainstem by two methods were
      electrophoresed on NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels to separate the triplet proteins
      (approximate Mrs of 200,000, 155,000, and 68,000) which, in turn, were
      electroblotted onto nitrocellulose paper. On Coomassie blue-stained gels that
      were not electroblotted, the same banding pattern was seen with both methods of
      preparation. Immunocytochemical staining of the electroblots with each of five
      monoclonal antibodies revealed that three of the monoclonal antibodies were
      specific for the Mr 200,000 neurofilament protein and two, for both the Mrs
      200,000 and 155,000 neurofilament proteins. None of the antibodies reacted with
      the Mr 68,000 band. The Mr 200,000 band could be resolved into doublet bands.
      Individual monoclonal antibodies reacted with either one or both of the Mr
      200,000 doublets. The immunocytochemical staining of the neurofilament triplets
      on electroblots was compared to that of adult rat cerebellar paraffin sections.
      Each monoclonal antibody had a unique pattern of staining, reacting only with
      certain subpopulations of neurons or their processes. Correlation of the staining
      patterns in cerebellar tissue sections with those of neurofilament polypeptides
      on electroblots suggested that different neurofilament polypeptides can be
      localized to different structures and subpopulations of neurons and that
      molecular heterogeneity ("neurotypy") may be revealed within the Mrs 200,000 and
      155,000 neurofilament polypeptides.

PMID- 6574475
TI  - Inhibition of eukaryotic protein chain initiation by vanadate.
AB  - Vanadate inhibits protein chain initiation in rabbit reticulocyte lysates. The
      evidence that supports this conclusion is as follows: (i) the biphasic kinetics
      of inhibition in which protein synthesis is maintained at the control rate for 1
      2 min is followed by an abrupt decline in the rate of synthesis; (ii) inhibition
      is associated with a marked disaggregation of polyribosomes and a concomitant
      increase in 80S ribosomes; and (iii) vanadate concentrations that inhibit protein
      chain initiation do not inhibit polypeptide chain elongation or the
      aminoacylation of tRNA. In partial reactions of protein chain initiation,
      vanadate concentrations that inhibit protein synthesis have no detectable effect
      on the formation of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2-promoted ternary complex
      with Met-tRNAf and GTP and on the assembly of 40S ribosomal subunit-Met-tRNAf
      complexes. On the addition of mRNA, the 40S ribosomal subunit-Met-tRNAf complexes
      also are transformed into 80S ribosome-mRNA-Met-tRNAf complexes, termed 80S
      initiation complexes. In vanadate-treated samples, however, these 80S initiation
      complexes are defective and unable to proceed beyond this step.

PMID- 6574476
TI  - Hemolytic activity of influenza virus hemagglutinin glycoproteins activated in
      mildly acidic environments.
AB  - Hemagglutinin (HA) glycoproteins isolated from influenza virus caused hemolysis
      and liposome lysis at pH less than 6.0. The pH dependence was similar to that of
      the parent virus. Hemagglutination and hemolysis titers of HA were comparable
      with those of virus. The time course of hemolysis by HA was somewhat different
      from that by virus. HA did not cause fusion of erythrocytes in acidic media, in
      contrast to virus. Both HA and virus, previously incubated at pH less than 6.0,
      lost their low-pH-induced hemolytic activity. Isolated HA formed rosette-like
      structures at neutral pH, and these aggregated in acidic media. Virus also
      aggregated in acidic media and its envelope became leaky to negative stain. HA
      previously incubated at pH less than 6.0 became susceptible to trypsin digestion.
      Both reversible and irreversible structural changes of HA were observed by
      fluorescence spectroscopy; a reversible change at a pH between neutral and 6.4
      and an irreversible one at pH less than 6.0. Bromelain-released HA did not cause
      hemolysis and liposome lysis in acidic media. The precursor form of HA did not
      have hemolytic activity in acidic media. The similarity in pH dependence
      indicates that the structural change in HA induced at pH less than 6.0 is the
      cause of activation and inactivation of hemolysis, HA and virus aggregation, and
      trypsin susceptibility. We propose that the hydrophobic NH2-terminal segment of
      HA2 is exposed during the structural change and interacts with the target
      membranes, causing a permeability increase and leading to hemolysis and lysis.
      The virus-induced hemolysis can be ascribed for the most part to envelope fusion
      activated in acidic media.

PMID- 6574477
TI  - Physicochemical and genetic evidence for specific antiestrogen binding sites.
AB  - In rat uterus and human breast cancer MCF-7 cell cytosol, the antiestrogens
      tamoxifen (Tam) and 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OH-Tam) bind to "antiestrogen binding
      sites" (ABS), which do not bind estradiol (E). Demonstrated in total cytosol by
      binding studies with radioactive antiestrogens in the presence of a large
      concentration of E, ABS can be physically separated from E-binding estrogen
      receptor (ER) by removing the latter with an E-containing bioaffinity adsorbent
      or with heparin-Sepharose gel. ABS concentration is 10-20% of that of ER; the Kd
      for Tam and OH-Tam is 1-2 x 10(-9) M, whereas the Kd of OH-Tam binding by ER
      (approximately equal to 1 x 10(-10) M) is approximately equal to 1/50 that of
      Tam. Other triphenylethylene antiestrogens compete against Tam for binding to
      ABS, contrary to steroid hormones. Sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation analyses
      of total cytosol and of affinity gel effluents show a heterogenous pattern of ABS
      from 10 to 40 S, unchanged by 0.4 M KCl and limited trypsinization (which however
      provoke transitions of ER from 8S to 4S forms) and by 20 mM molybdate (which
      stabilizes the 8S form of ER and prevents large aggregates). Preliminary results
      suggest that ABS may be associated with particulate components of the cell. RTx6
      cells of a clone selected from MCF-7 cells for resistance to the antigrowth
      effect of Tam have ER in the same concentration and have similar affinity for E
      and antiestrogens as do unselected MCF-7 cells. However, RTx6 cells have
      virtually no ABS detectable by binding and gradient ultracentrifugation studies.
      It is proposed that the double binding of Tam and OH-Tam to ER and ABS in
      estrogen target cells may be related to the complex double series of estrogenic
      and "antiestrogenic" activities displayed by nonsteroidal triphenylethylene
      derivatives.

PMID- 6574478
TI  - Isolation and partial characterization of a new human collagen with an extended
      triple-helical structural domain.
AB  - The collagens are a family of major connective tissue proteins that are known to
      be the products of at least 11 distinct genes. Primary structural differences
      between the individual collagen types are thought to reflect functional
      diversity. We have isolated a previously unknown collagen gene product, termed
      "long-chain" (LC) collagen, from human chorioamniotic membranes by limited pepsin
      digestion. Comparison of the isolated alpha-chain subunit to the alpha chains of
      other collagen types by amino acid composition, peptide mapping with either
      cyanogen bromide fragmentation or staphylococcal V8 protease digestion,
      chromatographic elution position, and relative molecular weight indicates that
      this protein is a product of a previously unrecognized gene. We report structural
      studies indicating that this molecule contains three identical alpha-chain
      subunits that are each approximately molecular weight 170,000. The amino acid
      composition of LC alpha chains suggests that they are about 90% triple helical.
      Comparisons of the length of segment-long-spacing (SLS) crystallites made from LC
      molecules with those from types I and V collagens indicate that the LC molecule
      is substantially longer than these collagens and somewhat longer than the
      reported length of type IV collagen. This finding suggests that LC collagen
      represents an additional class of collagen molecules. We suggest that these
      molecules be referred to as type VII collagen.

PMID- 6574479
TI  - Complete nucleotide sequence of a human c-onc gene: deduced amino acid sequence
      of the human c-fos protein.
AB  - The complete nucleotide sequence of the c-fos(human) gene, the human cellular
      homolog of the oncogene (v-fos) of Finkel-Biskis-Jinkins murine osteosarcoma
      virus, has been determined. The c-fos(human) gene contains four discontinuous
      regions when compared with the v-fos gene. Three of the discontinuities are
      flanked by sequences characteristic of introns, while the fourth discontinuity is
      due to a deletion of 104 base pairs in the v-fos gene. As a consequence of the
      deletion, the predicted c-fos(human) and v-fos gene products differ at their
      carboxyl termini. Transcripts of 2.2 kilobases from the c-fos(human) gene have
      been identified in human cells. The sizes of these transcripts are in close
      agreement with the size expected from the nucleotide sequence after removal of
      introns.

PMID- 6574480
TI  - ADP-ribosylation in inner membrane of rat liver mitochondria.
AB  - NAD+ glycohydrolase activity is found at high levels in submitochondrial
      particles. It leads to the reaction products ADP-ribose, nicotinamide, and small
      amounts of 5'-AMP. Furthermore, submitochondrial particles catalyze the exchange
      reaction: [adenosine-14C]ADP-ribose + NAD+ in equilibrium [adenosine-14C]-NAD+ +
      ADP-ribose. When submitochondrial particles are incubated with NAD+, mono(ADP
      ribosyl)ation of protein molecules migrating with an apparent molecular weight of
      30,000 in sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is
      demonstrable. Inhibitor studies suggest attachment of ADP-ribose to arginine
      residues. ADP-ribose bound to submitochondrial particles is rapidly turning over.
      The release of ADP-ribose from the protein is probably enzyme catalyzed. The
      rapid turnover, the specificity of the modification, and the inhibition of ADP
      ribosylation by ATP and nicotinamide suggest a regulatory role of mono(ADP
      ribosyl)ation of a protein in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

PMID- 6574481
TI  - Simplified in vitro system for study of eukaryotic mRNA translation by measuring
      di- and tripeptide formation.
AB  - An in vitro system for measurement of rabbit globin mRNA translation has been
      developed based on the formation of the NH2-terminal dipeptide, fMet-Val. The
      basic components include a partially purified initiation factor preparation from
      rabbit reticulocytes supplemented with eukaryotic initiation factor 4A, purified
      and formylated yeast Met-tRNAi, and rabbit liver or Escherichia coli Val
      tRNA1Val. Picomole quantities of fMet-Val are synthesized, dependent on mRNA, and
      the dipeptide is readily assayed by a simple extraction procedure. In the
      presence of Leu-tRNA or His-tRNA, the tripeptides fMet-Val-Leu and fMet-Val-His
      are synthesized, corresponding to the NH2-terminal sequence of alpha- and beta
      globin, respectively. Therefore, tripeptide synthesis provides a simple means to
      distinguish between the expression of the alpha- and beta-globin mRNA species.

PMID- 6574482
TI  - Phosphorylation activates the insulin receptor tyrosine protein kinase.
AB  - Preparations of insulin receptor from cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes and human
      placenta previously was found to catalyze the phosphorylation of the 90,000
      dalton component of the insulin receptor on tyrosine residues. This insulin
      dependent phosphorylation has now been shown to coincide with the generation of
      an activated, insulin-independent, receptor protein kinase. Activation is
      dependent upon ATP, divalent cations (Mg2+ and Mn2+), and insulin (half-maximal
      activation occurs at 6-8 nM insulin). The time required for activation is
      consistent with that needed for insulin-dependent self-phosphorylation of the
      receptor present in eluates from wheat germ lectin-agarose columns and in
      preparations of affinity-purified placental receptor. Activation proceeds
      unabated in the presence of soybean trypsin inhibitor at 0.1 mg/ml and the
      activated, insulin-independent, protein kinase sediments in 5-20% sucrose
      gradients at the same position as the unmodified receptor. Under steady-state
      conditions, the phosphorylated receptor binds insulin in the same fashion as the
      unmodified receptor. It is proposed that the self-phosphorylated form of the
      receptor is the insulin-activated protein kinase that catalyzes the
      phosphorylation of exogenous protein and peptide substrates. A corollary of this
      hypothesis is that enzymatic dephosphorylation may be essential for reversibly
      terminating the activity of the insulin-receptor protein kinase.

PMID- 6574483
TI  - Thermolysin-catalyzed peptide bond synthesis.
AB  - The rates of the thermolysin-catalyzed synthesis of peptides have been determined
      by means of HPLC. In the condensation of various N-substituted amino acids and
      peptides with L-leucinanilide, the enzyme exhibits preference for a hydrophobic L
      amino acid as the donor of the carbonyl group of the newly formed bond. The
      presence of another hydrophobic amino acid residue adjacent to the carbonyl-group
      donor markedly enhances the rate of synthesis. In general, the effect of
      structural changes in both the carboxyl and amine components of the condensation
      reaction is in accord with the available data on the primary and secondary
      specificities of the thermolysin-catalyzed hydrolysis of oligopeptide substrates.
      A kinetic study of the condensation of benzyloxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanine with
      various amine components has given data on the apparent kcat and Km values for
      the entry of the acidic component into the condensation reaction. The results are
      consistent with the behavior of rapid-equilibrium random bi-reactant systems
      leading to ternary enzyme-substrate complexes, with a synergistic effect in the
      binding of the two reactants at the active site. Because the changes in the
      apparent kcat for the entry of the same acidic component into reaction with
      different amine components are greater than those in the apparent Km, it is
      suggested that this synergism is largely expressed at the level of the transition
      state complex.

PMID- 6574484
TI  - Preferential utilization of exogenously supplied leucine for protein synthesis in
      estradiol-induced and uninduced cockerel liver explants.
AB  - A cockerel liver explant system has been used to study protein synthesis and
      ribosome transit times. After a 2-hr preincubation of explant tissue in the
      presence of a large concentration of nonradioactive leucine, a small quantity of
      [3H]leucine was added and the kinetics of uptake of [3H]leucine into the
      intracellular acid-soluble leucine pool was compared to the incorporation of
      [3H]leucine into protein. Incorporation of [3H]leucine into protein reaches a
      linear rate almost immediately after addition of label, whereas the acid-soluble
      pool does not reach constant specific activity until much later. The length of
      time needed to reach a linear rate of incorporation of [3H]leucine into protein
      is approximately equal to the length of time needed to equilibrate nascent
      polypeptide chains with labeled precursor--that is, one average ribosome transit
      time. Therefore, it seems that the immediate precursor pool for protein synthesis
      reaches constant specific activity almost instantly after addition of
      [3H]leucine. The results indicate that at least part of the supply of leucine for
      protein synthesis is derived directly from the exogenous incubation medium and
      not from the intracellular acid-soluble amino acid pool.

PMID- 6574485
TI  - Structural and dynamic differences between supercoiled and linear DNA from proton
      NMR.
AB  - Proton NMR experiments on an intact plasmid supercoiled DNA molecule are
      reported. Spectra of the hydrogen-bonded exchangeable imino protons and
      nonexchangeable aromatic protons of pIns36 (7,200 base pairs; Mr 5 x 10(6)) were
      examined at 240 and 360 MHz. In contrast to linear DNA of comparable size in
      which the signals from these protons are broadened almost beyond detection, the
      supercoiled DNA exhibits a remarkably well-resolved spectrum in the range 12-15
      ppm, with linewidths characteristic of linear DNA molecules with molecular weight
      nearly two orders of magnitude smaller. These results imply an extraordinary
      degree of mobility in accord with our earlier discovery of unusually long 31P
      spin-spin relaxation times in the supercoiled molecule. Alterations in the
      chemical shift of the imino proton resonance positions in supercoiled DNA
      compared to linear DNA imply that the structure is modified in the A . T base
      pairs with at least two distinct structures apparent from the spectrum. However,
      little or no alteration is evident in the resonances due to the G . C base pairs.

PMID- 6574486
TI  - Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria by general
      anesthetics.
AB  - The general anesthetics chloroform and halothane inhibit ATP synthesis in rat
      liver mitochondria, in the millimolar concentration range (1-12 mM), in parallel
      with a reduction of respiratory control and the ratio of ATP produced to oxygen
      consumed. In these effects, halothane and chloroform are similar to classical,
      protonophoric, uncouplers. The rate of ADP-stimulated respiration or the rate of
      uncoupler-stimulated respiration is not affected. Like classical uncouplers,
      halothane and chloroform also stimulate mitochondrial ATPase activity. However,
      the extent of stimulation by these agents is larger than by protonophoric
      uncouplers and, more significantly, ATPase activity stimulated by carbonylcyanide
      m-chlorophenylhydrazone is further stimulated by these agents. In the presence of
      the Ca2+ chelator EGTA, halothane and chloroform have no measurable effect on the
      magnitude of the proton electrochemical potential, delta mu H. In the absence of
      EGTA these anesthetics have a small effect on delta mu H, apparently due to
      stimulation of Ca2+ cycling. Under these conditions the membrane potential is
      decreased while delta pH is increased, but the total value of delta mu H is only
      slightly decreased. The uncoupling activity of the anesthetics is the same in the
      presence of absence of EGTA. Thus, in contrast to protonophoric uncouplers, the
      uncoupling effect of general anesthetics does not depend on the collapse of delta
      mu H. In the same concentration range in which anesthetics uncouple oxidative
      phosphorylation both halothane and chloroform increase membrane fluidity, as
      measured by the partitioning of the hydrophobic spin probe 5-doxyldecane. These
      findings suggest a role for intramembrane processes in energy conversion that is
      not dependent on the bulk delta mu H.

PMID- 6574487
TI  - Mechanical properties of articular cartilage elucidated by osmotic loading and
      ultrasound.
AB  - The time response of surface displacement and acoustic impedance of in situ
      layers of articular cartilage were measured by using pulse-echo ultrasound.
      Disturbances were introduced by altering the osmotic pressure. Strongly nonlinear
      behavior was observed near physiological equilibrium. A model of articular
      cartilage is proposed which relates our results to cartilage microstructure.

PMID- 6574488
TI  - Collagen fibril formation during embryogenesis.
AB  - Chicken embryo skin of different ages and adult skin were labeled with antibodies
      against the amino propeptide and carboxyl propeptide of type I collagen and
      processed for indirect immunoelectron microscopy by the ferritin technique. The
      results indicate that the formation of thin collagen fibrils involves
      polymerization of pN-collagen. Fibrils that are thicker than 35-40 nm do not
      appear to contain the amino propeptide. How fibrils increase in size is not
      clear, but growth may involve mechanisms such as lateral aggregation of subfibril
      structures or fusion of thin fibrils. Carboxyl propeptides were localized near or
      in contact with thin collagen fibrils, but they did not appear to be arranged in
      a periodic manner along the fibrils. In experiments using antibodies against the
      amino propeptides of type III collagen, fibrils 20-40 nm in diameter were also
      labeled in a periodic fashion. pN-Collagen chains were extracted from embryonic
      skin and identified by NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by
      immunoblotting. The presence of significant amounts of pN-collagen in skin from
      10- and 12-day chicken embryos agreed well with the labeling of amino propeptides
      by immunoelectron microscopy. This study provides evidence for the role of the
      amino propeptide in collagen fibrillogenesis in embryonic skin.

PMID- 6574489
TI  - Transcription of repetitive sequences on Xenopus lampbrush chromosomes.
AB  - We reinvestigated the lampbrush chromosomes of Xenopus laevis and found them well
      suited for the study or transcription by in situ hybridization to nascent RNA
      transcripts. Using this technique, we analyzed the transcription of three
      repetitive sequences that do not show any sequence homology and that differ in
      their degree of interspersion. We found that they are located on different parts
      of the chromosomes: two are clustered, one is interspersed. All three of these
      sequences are transcribed at the lampbrush chromosome stage and transcripts from
      both strands of each sequence can be detected. The amount of transcription is
      apparently not proportional to the number of copies of the repetitive sequence at
      a given chromosomal locus, suggesting that other sequences are involved in the
      regulation of their transcription.

PMID- 6574490
TI  - Control of DNA ligase molecular forms in nucleocytoplasmic combinations of
      axolotl and Pleurodeles.
AB  - A light form of DNA ligase (EC 6.5.1.2), the only form present in oocytes of the
      axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum), has been shown to be replaced by a heavy form of
      the enzyme when the egg enters cleavage. This early biochemical event has been
      assumed to rely on direct nuclear input. Sucrose gradient analysis permits
      discrimination between enzymes from axolotl and the sharp-ribbed salamander
      (Pleurodeles waltlii) for both heavy and light enzymatic forms of DNA ligase.
      Genetic activity of blastula nuclei transplanted in activated cytoplasm has been
      tested by determination of the enzymatic forms and specific types of DNA ligases
      when the implanted egg enters cleavage. A blastula nucleus of Pleurodeles in
      axolotl cytoplasm determines a heavy ligase of the Pleurodeles type. Conversely,
      a haploid androgenetic nucleus of Pleurodeles in axolotl cytoplasm controls a
      light ligase of the Pleurodeles type. Reciprocal experiments give homologous
      results. To our knowledge, this is the earliest nucleus-dependent synthesis
      revealed in development for any system. The heavy ligase of one species may
      coexist with the light form of the other species but not with the light form of
      its own specific type. Inhibition of the production of the heavy form for one
      genome results in the expression of the light form. We conclude that genetic
      control of DNA ligase in very early development involves structural genes for
      heavy and light forms of enzyme, with an exclusion process operating an
      alternative expression of corresponding genes. This exclusion relationship
      between nonallelic genes is species specific.

PMID- 6574491
TI  - The primitive code and repeats of base oligomers as the primordial protein
      encoding sequence.
AB  - Even if the prebiotic self-replication of nucleic acids and the subsequent
      emergence of primitive, enzyme-independent tRNAs are accepted as plausible, the
      origin of life by spontaneous generation still appears improbable. This is
      because the just-emerged primitive translational machinery had to cope with base
      sequences that were not preselected for their coding potentials. Particularly if
      the primitive mitochondria-like code with four chain-terminating base triplets
      preceded the universal code, the translation of long, randomly generated, base
      sequences at this critical stage would have merely resulted in the production of
      short oligopeptides instead of long polypeptide chains. We present the base
      sequence of a mouse transcript containing tetranucleotide repeats conserved
      during evolution. Even if translated in accordance with the primitive
      mitochondria-like code, this transcript in its three reading frames can yield 245
      , 246-, and 251-residue-long tetrapeptidic periodical polypeptides that are
      already acquiring longer periodicities. We contend that the first set of base
      sequences translated at the beginning of life were such oligonucleotide repeats.
      By quickly acquiring longer periodicities, their products must have soon gained
      characteristic secondary structures--alpha-helical or beta-sheet or both.

PMID- 6574492
TI  - Role of antigen structure in the regulation of IgE isotype expression.
AB  - Tobacco glycoprotein (TGP) is a glycoprotein containing rutin-like polyphenol
      groups that is purified from cured tobacco leaves and can be detected in
      condensates of tobacco smoke. One-third of normal humans have been shown to
      manifest immediate, IgE-mediated, wheal and flare reactions to an intradermal
      injection of TGP. Rutin-like moieties are also found in a wide variety of
      vegetable foods. The possible importance of sensitivity to TGP in the
      pathogenesis of the vascular and pulmonary complications of tobacco smoking has
      stimulated us to study the immune response of mice to TGP and the role of rutin
      groups in influencing isotype expression. A series of three intradermal
      injections of TGP elicits a long-lasting IgE antibody response in mice. However,
      no hemagglutinating antibodies are produced. Similarly, immunization with a rutin
      derivative of bovine serum albumin stimulates IgE antibodies to bovine serum
      albumin but little hemagglutinating antibodies. In contrast, mice injected in the
      same manner with bovine serum albumin produce both IgE and hemagglutinating
      antibodies. Thus, the rutin moiety is implicated as exerting a regulatory effect
      on isotype expression by suppressing the production of serum antibodies of
      isotypes other than IgE. The immunization procedure employed (which involves an
      initial injection of 100 micrograms of antigen in phosphate-buffered saline,
      followed, at monthly intervals, by two intradermal injections of 100 micrograms
      of antigen precipitated on alum) apparently fails to stimulate the normal "down
      regulation" of the IgE response so that a persisting high-titered response is
      obtained.

PMID- 6574493
TI  - Staining of Langerhans cells with monoclonal antibodies to macrophages and
      lymphoid cells.
AB  - Langerhans cells are Ia-bearing antigen-presenting cells in the epidermis that
      share many functions with macrophages. We have used monoclonal antibodies to the
      macrophage antigens, Mac-2 and-3, Ia antigen, Fc fragment receptor and the common
      leukocyte antigen CLA to compare the cell surface antigens of these cells with
      those of interdigitating and follicular dendritic cells and of macrophages in
      lymphoid tissues. Immunoperoxidase staining was carried out with epidermal sheets
      from BALB/c mice and epidermal cell suspensions enriched for Langerhans cells by
      Fc rosetting. Langerhans cells stained for all of these antigens. Comparison with
      the staining properties of other dendritic cells and macrophages, in combination
      with previous observations, indicates a close relationship of Langerhans cells to
      the interdigitating cells of lymphoid tissues.

PMID- 6574494
TI  - Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase-mediated modification of discoidal
      peripheral lymph high density lipoproteins: possible mechanism of formation of
      cholesterol-induced high density lipoproteins (HDLc) in cholesterol-fed dogs.
AB  - Peripheral lymph high density lipoproteins (HDL) of the cholesterol-fed dog
      differ in a number of characteristics from plasma HDL of the same animal. Their
      high content of free cholesterol, phospholipid, apoprotein E, and apoprotein A
      IV, their greater heterogeneity in size, and the presence of many discoidal
      particles suggest that a portion of lymph HDL is assembled within the
      interstitial fluid. The present experiments demonstrate that the endogenous
      lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity of whole peripheral lymph of
      the cholesterol-fed dog is far less (less than 1%) than that found in the plasma
      of the same animal (0.3 nmol/hr per ml versus 40.6 nmol/hr per ml). Addition of
      partially purified LCAT to whole lymph induced many changes in the chemical
      composition of peripheral lymph lipoproteins. After incubation with LCAT, the
      free cholesterol and phospholipid contents of lymph HDL decreased, from 17% to
      12% and from 46% to 33%, respectively, whereas cholesteryl ester content
      increased from 7% to 13%. These changes were accompanied by a mass transfer of
      apoprotein E and cholesterol to the p less than 1.05 g/ml fraction, the complete
      disappearance of the discoidal particles, and a decrease in size heterogeneity of
      lymph HDL. These results suggest that, in the cholesterol-fed dog, cholesterol
      efflux into the interstitial spaces may occur in the absence of significant LCAT
      activity. Furthermore, our studies suggest that the subsequent reaction between
      lymph HDL and LCAT within the vascular compartment leads to the generation of
      apoprotein E and cholesteryl ester-rich cholesterol-induced HDL.

PMID- 6574495
TI  - Solubilization and characterization of high-affinity [3H]serotonin binding sites
      from bovine cortical membranes.
AB  - High-affinity [3H]serotonin binding activity has been solubilized from bovine
      cerebral cortical membranes by using Triton X-100, Tween-80, and octyl-beta-D
      glucopyranoside. This mixture of detergents solubilizes the high-affinity
      [3H]serotonin binding activity present in crude membrane preparations with
      retention of 75-90% specific binding. The detergent mixture was chosen because it
      can easily be removed from the solubilized fraction by dialysis and polystyrene
      bead adsorption, thus permitting further purification and isolation of the
      binding sites. Saturation analysis reveals multiple components of high-affinity
      [3H]serotonin binding. In crude bovine cortical membranes, at least two binding
      components are present. A higher-affinity binding component, as defined from
      curvilinear Scatchard plots, has a Kd for [3H]serotonin of 1-3 nM, whereas a
      lower-affinity component has a Kd of 10-20 nM. In the solubilized preparation,
      only a single class of binding sites is apparent, with a Kd of 50-100 nM. Removal
      of detergents by dialysis and polystyrene bead adsorption results in restoration
      of the curvilinear Scatchard plot with apparent Kds similar to those observed in
      crude membrane preparations and with increased Bmax values for each component.
      [3H]Serotonin binding activity in the solubilized preparation is stable to
      Sephacryl S-300 column chromatography and to glycerol gradient sedimentation.
      Saturation analysis of the peak binding fractions from both these procedures once
      again yields curvilinear Scatchard plots, indicating that the multiple high
      affinity binding components are preserved and migrate together. The molecular
      weight, Stokes radius, and frictional coefficient of the binding site(s) have
      been calculated. After detergent removal the solubilized material shows many of
      the characteristics usually attributed to S1 receptors, such as high affinity for
      [3H]serotonin and its analogs and low affinity for serotonin antagonists.

PMID- 6574496
TI  - Plasticity in the central nervous system: do synapses divide?
AB  - Changes in the proportion of synapses containing postsynaptic densities with
      perforations during periods of increased synapse formation have led us to propose
      a hypothesis describing a possible division of preexisting synapses. Relevant
      features of this model are that various types of stimulation result in the
      following sequence of events: (i) the synaptic junction increases in area; (ii) a
      perforation forms in the enlarging synaptic junction; (iii) a synaptic spinule
      appears apposed to the perforation in the postsynaptic density; (iv) the
      perforation in the synaptic junction increases in size until the synaptic
      junction splits into two separate synaptic junctions within the same synaptic
      terminal; and (v) the dendritic spine divides into two, each containing a
      synaptic junction. Physiological responses in which synapse division may possibly
      play a role include hormone-induced neuronal changes, reinnervation of dendrites
      after lesions, and learning and memory.

PMID- 6574497
TI  - Serotonin increases an anomalously rectifying K+ current in the Aplysia neuron
      R15.
AB  - Previous work has shown that serotonin causes an increase in K+ conductance in
      the identified Aplysia neuron R15. This response is mediated by cAMP-dependent
      protein phosphorylation. The results presented here show that the K+ channel
      modulated by serotonin is an anomalous or inward rectifier (designated IR) that
      is present in R15 together with the three other distinct K+ channels previously
      described for this cell. Several lines of evidence indicate that this inward
      rectifier is partially activated in the resting cell and is further activated by
      serotonin. Voltage clamp analysis of resting and serotonin-evoked membrane
      currents at various external K+ concentrations shows that both currents have
      reversal potentials close to the potassium equilibrium potential, exhibit similar
      dependences in magnitude on external K+ concentration, and display marked
      anomalous rectification. The effects of particular monovalent and divalent
      cations are also similar on the resting and serotonin-evoked currents. Rb+, Cs+,
      and Ba2+ block both currents while Tl+ can substitute for K+ as a charge carrier
      and channel activator in both. These properties are characteristics of anomalous
      rectifiers in other systems. Furthermore, measurement of the voltage dependence
      of inactivation for the fast transient K+ current shows that this current cannot
      account for the anomalously rectifying K+ conductance in R15. The inward
      rectifier is therefore a separate current mediated by its own channels, the
      activity of which can be modulated by serotonin.

PMID- 6574498
TI  - Isolation of a nicotine binding site from rat brain by affinity chromatography.
AB  - With the use of affinity chromatography, a [3H]-nicotine binding site was
      purified almost 1,000-fold from a Triton X-100-solubilized extract of rat brain
      neural membranes. The affinity column was prepared by conjugation of (R,S)-6-(2
      hydroxyethyl)nicotine to epoxy-activated Sepharose. Further purification of the
      material from the affinity column was resolved by using another column of the
      same affinity gel, resulting in the isolation of a major protein (about 95%
      purity) that had a Mr of 56,000, as determined by NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis, with very minor components ranging in Mr from 47,000 to 83,000.
      With the use of various nicotine analogues, it was shown that the purified
      material exhibited nearly identical binding characteristics to rat brain membrane
      preparations, including stereoselectivity for the nicotine enantiomers. The Kd of
      the purified site, 3.5 x 10(-9) M, was similar to that observed with membrane and
      Triton X-100-soluble preparations, whereas the binding capacity was greater than
      25 pmol/mg of protein, as compared to 0.07 pmol/mg of protein in the starting
      material. The results are discussed in relation to the purified nicotinic
      cholinergic receptor from electroplax. It was concluded that the nicotine site in
      rat brain was different from the cholinergic receptor of electroplax or calf
      skeletal muscle.

PMID- 6574499
TI  - Circular differential scattering can be an important part of the circular
      dichroism of macromolecules.
AB  - Differential scattering of incident left and right circularly polarized light can
      be an important contribution to the circular dichroism of macromolecules. In
      principle both differential absorption and differential scattering of circularly
      polarized light contribute to circular dichroism, but differential scattering is
      increasingly important for particles whose dimensions are greater than 1/20th the
      wavelength of light. The scattering contribution is probably not important for
      unaggregated proteins and nucleic acids in solution. It can be very important for
      viruses, membranes, and other protein-nucleic acid complexes. Outside the
      absorption bands of the scattering, chiral particle, only differential scattering
      contributes to the circular dichroism. The sign and magnitude of the differential
      scattering is quantitatively related to the relative orientations and the
      distances between the scattering units of the particle. The interpretation of the
      circular differential scattering depends on a simple, classical method. Thus, in
      understanding a measured circular dichroism, it often will be easier to relate
      the differential scattering to the structure of a particle (such as a virus) than
      it is to relate the differential absorption to the structure.

PMID- 6574500
TI  - Reaction of glycolaldehyde with proteins: latent crosslinking potential of alpha
      hydroxyaldehydes.
AB  - The Schiff base adducts of glyceraldehyde with hemoglobin undergo Amadori
      rearrangement to form stable ketoamine structures; this reaction is similar to
      the nonenzymic glucosylation of proteins. In the present studies the analogous
      rearrangement of the Schiff base adducts of glycolaldehyde with proteins has been
      demonstrated. However, the Amadori rearrangement of the Schiff base adduct
      produces a new aldehyde function, an aldoamine, which is generated in situ and is
      capable of forming Schiff base linkages with another amino group, leading to
      covalent crosslinking of proteins. Sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis of
      the glycoaldehyde-RNase A adduct showed the presence of dimers, trimers, and
      tetramers of RNase A, demonstrating the crosslinking potential of this alpha
      hydroxyaldehyde. The crosslinked products exhibited an absorption band with a
      maximum around 325 nm and fluorescence around 400 nm when excited at 325 nm. The
      crosslinking reaction, the formation of a 325-nm absorption band, and the
      development of fluorescence were prevented when the incubation was carried out in
      the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride. This finding indicates that the Amadori
      rearrangement that generates a new carbonyl function is a crucial step in this
      covalent crosslinking. Glycolaldehyde could be a bifunctional reagent of unique
      utility because its crosslinking potential is latent, expressed only upon
      completion of the primary reaction.

PMID- 6574501
TI  - Active site of RNase: neutron diffraction study of a complex with uridine
      vanadate, a transition-state analog.
AB  - A complex of RNase A with a transition-state analog, uridine vanadate, has been
      studied by a combination of neutron and x-ray diffraction. The vanadium atom
      occupies the center of a distorted trigonal bipyramid, with the ribose oxygen O2'
      at the apical position. Contrary to expectations based on the straightforward
      interpretation of the known in-line mechanism of action of RNase, nitrogen NE2 of
      histidine-12 was found to form a hydrogen bond to the equatorial oxygen O8, while
      nitrogen NZ of lysine-41 makes a clear hydrogen bond to the apical oxygen O2'.
      Nitrogen ND1 of histidine-119 appears to be within a hydrogen-bond distance of
      the other apical oxygen, O7. Two other hydrogen bonds between the vanadate and
      the protein are made by nitrogen NE2 of glutamine-11 and by the amide nitrogen of
      phenylalanine-120. The observed geometry of the complex may necessitate
      reinterpretation of the mechanism of action of RNase.

PMID- 6574502
TI  - Cytosolic activator of adenylate cyclase: Reconstitution, characterization, and
      mechanism of action.
AB  - Rat liver and isolated hepatocytes contain high levels of a soluble adenylate
      cyclase stimulator, whereas rat erythrocytes lack this activity. Accordingly, a
      reconstitution system was developed with adenylate cyclase [ATP pyrophosphate
      lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.1] from erythrocyte ghosts and the soluble activator
      from liver cytosol. Pretreatment of erythrocyte ghosts with the cytosolic factor
      resulted in a 5- to 15-fold activation of adenylate cyclase in the presence or
      absence of NaF, 5'-guanylyl imidodiphosphate, or isoproterenol and GTP. The
      sequence of addition of the cytosolic component and the other activators was
      critical in determining the maximal activity of the enzyme. The cytosolic factor
      appears to be a heat-labile Mr 105,000 protein, which activates adenylate cyclase
      in a saturable reaction involving binding of the protein to the erythrocyte
      ghosts. This molecular interaction was accompanied by stabilization of a labile
      thiol group that was essential for catalytic activity. The cytosolic component
      also unmasks latent adenylate cyclase activity in human erythrocyte ghosts and in
      cytoskeletal preparations from rat erythrocyte ghosts. These observations suggest
      that the cytosolic activator may also occur as a native, peripheral membrane
      component of adenylate cyclase systems and may be required for the expression and
      stabilization of catalytic activity.

PMID- 6574503
TI  - Primary structure of chicken muscle pyruvate kinase mRNA.
AB  - We have determined the cDNA sequence corresponding to chicken muscle pyruvate
      kinase mRNA; the predicted coding region spans 529 amino acids and establishes
      the complete amino acid sequence for the vertebrate enzyme. We demonstrate that
      the level of mRNA for this enzyme is under developmental control and suggest a
      structural model for the protein kinase-mediated regulation of the mammalian
      liver isozyme. We report a method for the direct analysis of, and the preparation
      of cDNA probes from, mRNA which has been fractionated on methylmercury/agarose
      gels.

PMID- 6574504
TI  - Homology of amino acid sequences of rat liver cathepsins B and H with that of
      papain.
AB  - The amino acid sequences of rat liver lysosomal thiol endopeptidases, cathepsins
      B and H, are presented and compared with that of the plant thiol protease papain.
      The 252-residue sequence of cathepsin B and the 220-residue sequence of cathepsin
      H were determined largely by automated Edman degradation of their intact
      polypeptide chains and of the two chains of each enzyme generated by limited
      proteolysis. Subfragments of the chains were produced by enzymatic digestion and
      by chemical cleavage of methionyl and tryptophanyl bonds. Comparison of the amino
      acid sequences of cathepsins B and H with each other and with that of papain
      demonstrates a striking homology among their primary structures. Sequence
      identity is extremely high in regions which, according to the three-dimensional
      structure of papain, constitute the catalytic site. The results not only reveal
      the first structural features of mammalian thiol endopeptidases but also provide
      insight into the evolutionary relationships among plant and mammalian thiol
      proteases.

PMID- 6574505
TI  - Ferredoxin/flavoprotein-linked pathway for the reduction of thioredoxin.
AB  - Thioredoxins are small redox proteins, alternating between the S-S (oxidized) and
      SH (reduced) states, that function in a number of important biochemical
      processes, including DNA synthesis, DNA replication, and enzyme regulation.
      Reduced ferredoxin is known to serve as the source of reducing power for the
      reduction of thioredoxins only in photosynthetic cells that evolve oxygen. In all
      other organisms, the source of hydrogen (electrons) for thioredoxin reduction is
      considered to be NADPH. We now report evidence that Clostridium pasteurianum, an
      anaerobic bacterium normally living in the soil unexposed to light, resembles
      photosynthetic cells in that it uses reduced ferredoxin as the reductant for
      thioredoxin. Moreover, the transfer of electrons from reduced ferredoxin to
      thioredoxin is catalyzed by a flavoprotein enzyme that has not been detected in
      other organisms. Our results reveal the existence of a pathway for the reduction
      of thioredoxin in which ferredoxin, reduced fermentatively either by molecular
      hydrogen or by a carbon substrate, provides the reducing power for the
      flavoprotein enzyme ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase, which in turn reduces
      thioredoxin.

PMID- 6574506
TI  - Thermodynamics and kinetics of protein incorporation into membranes.
AB  - The free energy and enthalpy of protein incorporation into membranes are
      calculated with special emphasis on the hitherto neglected effects of
      immobilization of protein and perturbation of lipid order in the membrane. The
      free energy change is found to be determined by the hydrophobic effect as the
      driving force for incorporation and the protein immobilization effect which leads
      to a considerable reduction of the free energy gained from the hydrophobic
      effect. For incorporation of a hydrophobic, bilayer-spanning alpha-helix, the
      free energy change obtained is of the order of -15 kcal/mol (1 cal = 4.184 J) in
      agreement with experimental results. The lipid perturbation effect yields only a
      small contribution to the free energy change due to an energy/entropy
      compensation inherent in lipid order. This effect dominates the enthalpy change,
      giving rise to values on the order of 100 kcal/mol with a pronounced temperature
      dependence around the lipid phase transition as observed experimentally. The
      kinetics of protein incorporation are even more strongly affected by the lipid
      perturbation effect, leading to an abrupt decrease of the rate of incorporation
      below the lipid phase transition.

PMID- 6574507
TI  - Dynamics of a small globular protein in terms of low-frequency vibrational modes.
AB  - Normal modes of low-frequency vibrations are calculated for a small globular
      protein, bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor. In modes with frequencies below 120
      cm-1 the protein molecule behaves like a continuous elastic body. Most modes with
      frequencies above 50 cm-1 are shown to behave harmonically within the range of
      thermal fluctuations at room temperature. Those with frequencies below 50 cm-1
      show some anharmonicity. Magnitudes of displacements of atoms are mainly
      determined by the modes with frequencies below 30 cm-1. These very-low-frequency
      modes contribute significantly to the entropy of the system. The dynamic
      structure of the globular protein is described as a superposition of harmonic
      high-frequency motions and coupled anharmonic low-frequency motions of collective
      variables corresponding to the normal modes of vibration.

PMID- 6574508
TI  - Translocation pathway in the catalysis of active transport.
AB  - Possible pathways for translocation across the membrane in active transport
      processes are examined theoretically. Thermodynamic and kinetic requirements are
      readily satisfied by an alternating-access mechanism of the kind that has been
      proposed in the past by several investigators. The essential features of this
      mechanism (for transport of a single species) are shown to be defined by four
      explicit conditions. (i) The transport protein must have at least two distinct
      conformational states, each accessible from only one side of the membrane. (ii)
      Binding affinity for the transported species is high in the state accessible from
      the uptake side of the membrane and much lower in the state accessible from the
      discharge side. (iii) The change from one conformation to the other involves
      movement of the binding site itself (with the transported species remaining
      attached) or rearrangement within the site that is topologically equivalent to
      such movement. (iv) Return to the original conformation occurs with unoccupied
      binding sites. The analysis demonstrates that a passage through the membrane that
      is simultaneously accessible from both sides cannot be used for active transport
      regardless of what the energetics of opening or closing of the passage may be.
      Even movement from one fixed site to another within the protein, without access
      to the outside, is virtually excluded as a possible element of the central
      mechanism. A ligand conduction mechanism for ATP-linked ion transport is in
      principle conceivable but is subject to restrictions that make it improbable.

PMID- 6574509
TI  - Rapid spontaneous dihydrofolate reductase gene amplification shown by
      fluorescence-activated cell sorting.
AB  - We have determined whether the gene encoding dihydrofolate reductase (5,6,7,8
      tetrahydrofolate: NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.5.1.3) varies spontaneously in gene
      copy number in cells in vitro. Cells were stained under nonselective conditions
      with fluoresceinated methotrexate, which binds quantitatively to dihydrofolate
      reductase. Cells with the highest fluorescence were collected by a fluorescence
      activated cell sorter and subsequently grown in the absence of methotrexate. At
      no time during the experiment were the cells placed under metabolic stress. After
      10 successive rounds of growth and sorting, the derived population showed a 50
      fold increase in fluorescence intensity, was highly resistant to methotrexate,
      and was amplified 40-fold in content of dihydrofolate reductase gene. We also
      found that cells already having amplified genes can undergo increases or
      decreases in their fluorescence and in gene copy number even more rapidly (at
      rates as high as 3 X 10(-2) amplification events per cell division) than do
      parental cells (ca. 10(-3) events per division). We therefore conclude that gene
      amplification can occur spontaneously in cells and that the rate of its
      occurrence varies with gene copy number.

PMID- 6574510
TI  - Isolation and induction of erythroleukemic cell lines with properties of
      erythroid progenitor burst-forming cell (BFU-E) and erythroid precursor cell (CFU
      E).
AB  - We isolated erythroleukemic cell lines arrested at different levels of the
      erythroid differentiation pathway. One cell line (CB5), established from mice
      infected with the helper-independent Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV),
      exhibited properties similar to those of the normal erythroid progenitor burst
      forming cell (BFU-E). Six erythroleukemic cell lines, which were established from
      the anemia-inducing Friend virus complex (FV-A)-infected mice, formed erythroid
      colonies similar to the erythroid colony-forming precursor cell (CFU-E) after
      induction with dimethyl sulfoxide or erythropoietin. Three lines that were
      established from the polycythemia-inducing Friend virus complex (FV-P)-infected
      mice also formed low proportions (2-5%) of CFU-E-like colonies after induction by
      these same inducers. These data, together with the earlier findings that F-MuLV
      induces an increase in the levels of BFU-E and that FV-A or FV-P stimulates
      enhancement of CFU-E early after infection, indicate that the erythroleukemic
      cell lines isolated late in the diseases are at the same levels of
      differentiation as the leukemic cells in the corresponding initial stages. These
      cell lines with properties of BFU-E and CFU-E can be induced to differentiate in
      culture and should add to our understanding of the nature of erythroid progenitor
      cells and their early differentiation programs.

PMID- 6574511
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies inhibit the adhesion of mouse B 16 melanoma cells in vitro
      and block lung metastasis in vivo.
AB  - Seven monoclonal antibodies against mouse B 16 melanoma cells (produced in
      syngeneic C57BL/6 mice) were selected that blocked the adhesion of melanoma cells
      to tissue culture dishes. These antibodies were found to be directed against
      antigens on the surface of mouse B 16 melanoma cells but not on normal mouse
      cells such as 3T3 fibroblasts. Similarly, the antigens could not be detected in
      normal mouse tissues (e.g., lung, kidney, liver) but were found in lungs
      colonized by B 16 melanoma cells. Significantly, three of these antibodies
      virtually abolished lung colonization of highly invasive B 16 sublines injected
      into the animals' bloodstream. They exerted their effect both when preabsorbed by
      the melanoma cell in vitro and when delivered to the animals prior to the tumor
      cells. It is suggested that monoclonal antibodies might be a promising tool for
      preventing metastasis.

PMID- 6574512
TI  - Influence of collagen substrata on glycosaminoglycan production by B16 melanoma
      cells.
AB  - A cloned metastatic murine melanoma cell line exhibited similar growth
      characteristics when propagated on either type I collagen, type IV collagen, or
      plastic. However, cells grown on both types of collagen exhibited an altered
      cellular morphology and on type IV collagen only, an increased substrate
      adhesiveness, relative to those maintained on a plastic substratum. Incorporation
      of [3H]glucosamine and [35S]sulfate into glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) of cells grown
      on collagen substrates was 20% and 40% less, respectively, than cells grown on
      plastic, whereas degradation of cell-associated [35S]sulfate-labeled GAGs was
      similar in cells grown on collagen or plastic. Although the composition of GAGs
      was similar in all cultures, consisting of approximately 60% chondroitin and 40%
      heparin or heparan sulfate, the degree of sulfation of the heparin or heparan
      sulfate molecules was markedly decreased in cultures grown on collagen. The
      results indicate that the composition of the extracellular matrix influences the
      biological behavior of B16 melanoma cells, in part by altering the amount and
      nature of the GAG molecules produced.

PMID- 6574513
TI  - Growth of normal mouse vaginal epithelial cells in and on collagen gels.
AB  - Sustained growth in primary culture of vaginal epithelial cells from
      ovariectomized adult BALB/cCrgl mice embedded within or seeded on collagen gel
      matrix was achieved in a serum-free medium composed of Ham's F-12
      medium/Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, 1:1 (vol/vol), supplemented with
      insulin, bovine serum albumin fraction V, epidermal growth factor, cholera toxin,
      and transferrin. Three-dimensional growth of vaginal epithelial cells occurred
      inside the collagen gel matrix. Cell numbers increased 4- to 8-fold in collagen
      gel and about 4-fold on collagen gel after 9-10 days in culture. The effect of 17
      beta-estradiol (0.00018-180 nM in gel or 0.018-180 nM on gel) and
      diethylstilbestrol (DES; 0.0186-186 nM in gel) on the growth of vaginal
      epithelial cells was examined. The addition of estrogen did not enhance the
      growth of vaginal epithelial cells during this time period either in the complete
      medium or in a suboptimal medium. Cultures on floating collagen gels in the serum
      free medium are composed of 1-3 cell layers with superficial cornification.
      Estrogen does not appear to be a direct mitogen for vaginal epithelial cells, at
      least in this system.

PMID- 6574514
TI  - Expression of human myeloid-associated surface antigens in human-mouse myeloid
      cell hybrids.
AB  - Hybrid cell lines were obtained after fusion of mouse myeloid cells (WEHI-TG)
      with leukocytes from two patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. A third fusion
      was carried out with leukocytes from a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia.
      All three patients carried the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) in the leukemia cell
      population. Cytochemical analysis confirmed the myelo-monocytic nature of the
      hybrid cell lines. The presence of Ph1 translocation products could be
      established in most hybrids derived from the two chronic myeloid leukemic
      patients, which confirms that indeed human myeloid cells were fused. Several of
      these hybrid lines showed reactivity with monoclonal antibodies known to be
      specific for human myeloid cells, whereas interlineage Chinese hamster fibroblast
      human chronic myeloid leukemia hybrids failed to react with these antibodies.
      Five independently obtained monoclonal antibodies--MI/NI, UJ-308, VIM-D5, FMC-10,
      and B4.3--showed very similar reactivity patterns when tested on the hybrid
      clones. This result substantiates the evidence obtained from other studies, that
      these five antibodies are directed against the same myeloid-associated antigen.
      The gene(s) for expression of the latter antigen could be assigned to human
      chromosome 11.

PMID- 6574515
TI  - Analysis of two-dimensional protein patterns from mouse embryos with different
      trisomies.
AB  - Two-dimensional protein patterns from whole mouse embryos with different
      trisomies (Ts) (Ts1, -12, -14, -19) and from different organs (normal or
      malformed) and developmental stages of Ts12 embryos were analyzed by comparison
      with control patterns. Quantitatively altered proteins were found, and a portion
      of these (21/approximately equal to 1,000, average) was attributable to the Ts
      conditions. Most of these variants were found always (regularly) in Ts embryos.
      They could be divided into two groups: group I shows characteristics (chromosome
      specific, density increased by a factor close to 1.5 +/- 0.12) compatible with
      proteins directly affected by the Ts; and group II (chromosome nonspecific,
      density decreased, seldom increased) results most likely from indirect effects.
      The incidence of group II variants (about 13/approximately equal to 1,000,
      average) was considerably greater than that of the group I variants (about
      3/approximately equal to 1,000). The frequency of both types of variants,
      however, was far lower than was expected by a rough estimation. Apparently, a
      relatively small number of changes, rather than a complex, escalating effect, was
      induced at the protein level by the Ts. Some observations suggest that this is
      due to a stable regulation of protein concentrations. The proportion in which
      quantitative changes of different types occurred in the protein patterns did not
      correlate with the degree of developmental impairments (malformation,
      retardation, early death) of the embryos. The generalized occurrence of protein
      changes on the cellular level might explain the restricted viability of Ts mouse
      embryos.

PMID- 6574516
TI  - Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the sperm-specific lactate
      dehydrogenase isozyme.
AB  - The isozyme of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) that is specific to testes, designated
      LDH-C4, is the predominant LDH isozyme in mammalian spermatozoa. Four high
      affinity monoclonal antibodies have been developed to murine LDH-C4. These
      antibodies were tested for crossreactivity with LDH-C4 from rat, hamster, rabbit,
      and human by competitive binding radioimmunoassays. Monoclonal antibodies RG-1
      and RG-2 are specific for adjacent or partially overlapping epitopes. The other
      two monoclonal antibodies each recognize separate and distinct determinants. One
      of these, designated RG-4, recognizes a sequential determinant that is contained
      in the coenzyme binding loop, residues 101-115 of the C subunit. Furthermore, RG
      4 shows reduced binding affinity for rat LDH-C4 which differs in amino acid
      sequence at residue 108 and 111 in this region of the molecule. RG-4 also has
      reduced affinity for LDH-C4 of other species, which is consistent with
      substitutions in the amino acid sequences of the coenzyme binding loop. These
      differences between C4 of closely related species is in contrast to the high
      degree of conservation of this sequence in the LDH-A4 and LDH-B4 isozymes. These
      results provide useful information regarding homologies among species of LDH-C4
      as well as the evolution of this isozyme.

PMID- 6574517
TI  - Corticotropin/lipotropin common precursor-like material in normal rat
      extrapituitary tissues.
AB  - A Mr 26,000 corticotropin (ACTH)-like material is present in glacial acetic acid
      extracts of all normal rat extrapituitary tissues. In the present study, beta
      melanotropin (beta-MSH) immunoactivity was detected in glacial acetic acid
      extracts of normal rat extrapituitary tissues. beta-MSH immunoactivity was also
      present in all extracts (mean +/- SEM, fmol/mg of protein): brain, 71.0 +/- 16.3;
      stomach, 11.5 +/- 1.6; kidney, 8.9 +/- 0.8; colon, 8.2 +/- 1.1; small intestine,
      6.5 +/- 1.1; liver, 4.3 +/- 0.5; and heart, 3.2 +/- 0.5. Except in brain
      extracts, beta-MSH and ACTH immunoactivities of tissue extracts were strongly
      correlated to each other (r = 0.79; n = 42). When tissue extracts (except brain)
      were passed through a Sephadex G-75 (superfine) column, ACTH and beta-MSH
      immunoactivities were eluted in a single peak corresponding to Mr 26,000. In
      contrast, for brain extracts, the MrS of major peaks of ACTH and beta-MSH
      immunoactivities were 4,500 and 8,000, respectively; a smaller peak of Mr 26,000
      ACTH/beta-MSH-like material was also eluted. Specific anti-ACTH immunocolumns,
      which did not bind purified synthetic beta-MSH, adsorbed both ACTH and beta-MSH
      immunoactivities of all tissue extracts except those of brain. One-third of the
      beta-MSH immunoactivity in brain extracts adsorbed to the anti-ACTH immunocolumn,
      but two-thirds of beta-MSH immunoactivity passed through the column. We conclude
      that ACTH and beta-MSH immunoactivities are present in all normal rat
      extrapituitary tissues and exist in most tissues on the same molecule. This Mr
      26,000 molecule is closely related to the pituitary ACTH/beta-lipotropin common
      precursor.

PMID- 6574518
TI  - In vivo stimulation of murine granulopoiesis by human urinary extract from
      patients with aplastic anemia.
AB  - Significant in vivo stimulation of granulopoiesis was induced in mice by the
      administration of an extract from the urine of patients with aplastic anemia
      (AA). Sialic acid has been identified as an important molecular component for the
      in vivo biological activity of this granulopoietic factor, "granulopoietin,"
      which is distinct and different from endotoxin. Urine from patients with AA was
      successively fractionated by Sephadex G-50 and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The
      resultant extract, which we refer to as AA urinary extract, contained
      approximately equal to 44 international units of erythropoietin per A unit of
      protein and induced 15,000 colonies of granulocyte/macrophage precursor cells
      (granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming units, CFU-gm) per A unit of protein with
      mouse bone marrow. Eight daily intraperitoneal injections of this extract in mice
      induced a 6.2-fold increase in peripheral blood granulocytes and a 14.6-fold
      increase of splenic CFU-gm, with concomitant increases in the proliferation rates
      of CFU-gm in both bone marrow and spleen. Pretreatment of the AA urinary extract
      with sialidase significantly diminished these granulopoietic effects in vivo (P
      less than 0.001). In contrast, both extracts (i.e., native AA and sialidase
      treated AA urinary extracts) revealed high granulocyte/macrophage colony
      stimulating factor activity in vitro when clonal assays were performed with mouse
      bone marrow. Increased in vivo and in vitro granulopoietic activities were found
      in the concanavalin A "break-through" fraction, indicating that these activities
      were due to protein(s) that did not bind to the lectin. These results reveal that
      this urinary extract from patients with AA is capable of inducing significant
      granulopoiesis in mice and that sialic acid is an important component in the
      maintenance of this granulopoietic effect in vivo but not in vitro.

PMID- 6574520
TI  - Mechanism by which metabolic inhibitors depolarize cultured cardiac cells.
AB  - To elucidate the means by which metabolic inhibition depolarizes cardiac cells,
      spontaneously beating chicken embryonic myocardial cell aggregates were voltage
      clamped during superfusion with 2,4-dinitrophenol and iodoacetic acid. In
      aggregates continuously clamped in the pacemaker potential range, abrupt exposure
      to these metabolic inhibitors produced a slow transient inward current. This
      inward current was not due to an alteration of the pacemaker current, IK2,
      because it could still be elicited after IK2 was abolished by Cs+ ions. The
      inward current was increased by hyperpolarization and decreased by
      depolarization. It became larger and more sustained if intermittent action
      potentials were allowed during exposure or if the aggregates were pretreated with
      either 10 mM Ca2+ or 2.7 microM acetylstrophanthidin. The inward current was
      suppressed by removal of extracellular Na+ or Ca2+. These observations suggest
      that early depolarization of cultured cardiac cells by metabolic inhibitors
      involves some of the same mechanisms as the transient inward current of digitalis
      toxicity--specifically, an effect of intracellular Ca2+ ions on membrane
      permeability. Similar phenomena could occur during other forms of metabolic
      inhibition such as myocardial ischemia.

PMID- 6574519
TI  - Acoustic imprinting leads to differential 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake in the chick
      forebrain.
AB  - This report describes experiments in which successful acoustic imprinting
      correlates with differential uptake of D-2-deoxy[14C]glucose in particular
      forebrain areas that are not considered primarily auditory. Newly hatched guinea
      chicks (Numida meleagris meleagris) were imprinted by playing 1.8-kHz or 2.5-kHz
      tone bursts for prolonged periods. Those chicks were considered to be imprinted
      who approached the imprinting stimulus (emitted from a loudspeaker) and preferred
      it over a new stimulus in a simultaneous discrimination test. In the 2-deoxy-D
      glucose experiment all chicks, imprinted and naive, were exposed to 1.8-kHz tone
      bursts for 1 hr. As shown by the autoradiographic analysis of the brains, neurons
      in the 1.8-kHz isofrequency plane of the auditory "cortex" (field L) were
      activated in all chicks, whether imprinted or not. However, in the most rostral
      forebrain striking differences were found. Imprinted chicks showed an increased 2
      deoxy-D-glucose uptake in three areas, as compared to naive chicks: (i) the
      lateral neostriatum and hyperstriatum ventrale, (ii) a medial magnocellular field
      (medial neostriatum/hyperstriatum ventrale), and (iii) the most dorsal layers of
      the hyperstriatum. Based on these findings we conclude that these areas are
      involved in the processing of auditory stimuli once they have become meaningful
      by experience.

PMID- 6574521
TI  - The effect of growth hormone administration on lipids and lipoproteins in growth
      hormone-deficient patients.
AB  - Plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and lipoprotein cholesterol levels were studied in a
      group (n = 8) of prepubertal growth hormone-deficient patients before and after
      growth hormone (GH) administration. Determination of plasma lipoproteins by a
      sensitive agarose gel electrophoretic technique demonstrated: (a) in the patients
      with two prebeta bands an intensification of the fast prebeta lipoprotein
      fraction after growth hormone administration; and (b) in the patients with one
      prebeta band the appearance of a second prebeta band after growth hormone
      administration. The mean (+/- SD) plasma triglyceride level before GH was 86 +/-
      60 mg/dl and 158 +/- 95 mg/dl after GH (P less than 0.01). Mean (+/- SD) plasma
      cholesterol level before GH was 196 +/- 25 mg/dl and 174 +/- 28 mg/dl after GH (P
      less than 0.05). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations decreased
      significantly (P less than 0.001) from mean (+/- SD) 55 +/- 12 mg/dl before GH to
      37 +/- 10 mg/dl after GH. Very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations
      increased significantly (P less than 0.05) from mean (+/- SD) 13 +/- 12 mg/dl
      before GH to 23 +/- 15 mg/dl after GH. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
      concentrations decreased (N.S.) from mean (+/- SD) 123 +/- 15 mg/dl before GH to
      114 +/- 15 mg/dl after GH. These lipid and lipoprotein changes could be mediated
      through the insulin antagonism, hyperinsulinemia, and a decrease in lipoprotein
      lipase activity caused by growth hormone.

PMID- 6574523
TI  - Elevated levels of prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane B2 in depression.
AB  - Plasma prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) levels were measured in
      30 depressed outpatients. Plasma PGE2 was increased in all but one of these
      patients (p less than 0.001) and all had increased levels of TXB2 (p less than
      0.001). Since monamine oxidase inhibitors inhibit brain prostaglandin synthesis,
      and tricyclic antidepressants may antagonize prostaglandin actions, these
      observations suggest new approaches to depression research.

PMID- 6574522
TI  - Diamide inhibits pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by hypoxia or prostaglandin
      F2 alpha.
AB  - Diamide oxidizes glutathione and other cellular sulfhydryl groups. It decreases
      calcium ATPase activity and alters mitochondrial calcium flux, probably as a
      result of the sulfhydryl oxidation. We examined the effect of diamide (5 mg/kg,
      iv) on pulmonary vascular reactivity in 12 anesthetized dogs. Diamide reversed
      the pulmonary vasoconstriction caused by hypoxia in seven dogs (control delta PVR
      + 2.5 +/- 0.6 mm Hg/liter/min; postdiamide delta PVR - 0.1 +/- 0.4 mm
      Hg/liter/min; P less than 0.01). The pulmonary pressor response to prostaglandin
      F2 alpha (5 micrograms/kg/min, iv) was also reduced (control delta PVR + 3.8 +/-
      0.5 mm Hg/liter/min; postdiamide delta PVR + 1.1 +/- 0.7 mm Hg/liter/min; P less
      than 0.01). However, in a further five dogs, diamide had only a small effect on
      the pulmonary vasoconstriction caused by angiotensin II, while the pressor
      response to hypoxia was again inhibited. The mechanism by which diamide reverses
      pulmonary vasoconstriction is not certain but the effect is rapid, consistent,
      and reversible. Because the intravenous infusion of diamide does not produce
      systemic hypotension, during its period of action on the pulmonary vasculature,
      unlike the drugs currently available for the clinical treatment of pulmonary
      hypertension, further studies of its mechanism of action are indicated.

PMID- 6574524
TI  - Arachidonic acid uptake into and release from guinea-pig endometrium in vitro on
      days 7 and 15 of the oestrous cycle.
AB  - Endometrium from guinea-pigs on Days 7 and 15 of the oestrous cycle (days of low
      and high endometrial prostaglandin F2 alpha production, respectively) was
      maintained in tissue culture for periods up to 24 h (uptake experiments) or 48 h
      (release experiments). Tritiated arachidonic acid (3H-AA) was incorporated into
      endometrial phospholipids and neutral lipids in a time-dependent manner. After 24
      h of culture, phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were the
      major phospholipids, and triglyceride (TG) was the major neutral lipid which had
      incorporated 3H-AA. PC, PE and phosphatidylserine/phosphatidylinositol (PS/PI)
      incorporated significantly more 3H-AA on Day 15 than on Day 7. TG also
      incorporated more 3H-AA on Day 15 than on Day 7, but the increase was not
      statistically significant. Tritiated oleic acid (3H-OA) was incorporated into
      endometrial phospholipids and neutral lipids in a time-dependent manner. No
      increase in uptake of 3H-OA occurred on Day 15 compared to Day 7. There appears
      to be a specific stimulation of the mechanisms involved in the uptake of
      arachidonic acid into guinea-pig endometrium (particularly into the
      phospholipids) at the end of the oestrous cycle. There was little apparent
      release of 3H-AA from any endometrial lipid class, except diglyceride (DG) and
      monoglyceride (MG), on Day 7. In contrast, there was an apparent 50 to 80%
      decrease in the 3H-AA content of several endometrial lipid classes, particularly
      PC, PE and TG, on Day 15. Overall, the uptake and release studies suggest that
      PC, PE and possibly TG form the source of free arachidonic acid for PGF2 alpha
      synthesis by the guinea-pig endometrium.

PMID- 6574525
TI  - Plasma prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha in preterm infants: association with
      respiratory distress syndrome and patent ductus arteriosus.
AB  - In order to determine if prostaglandin values correlate with gestational age,
      birth weight, postnatal age, or respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), we
      determined plasma prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)
      by specific radioimmunoassay in 34 samples from 27 preterm infants. Neither
      prostaglandin correlated with gestational age or with birth weight. PGF2 alpha
      decreased (p less than 0.3) with postnatal age. Values for PGF2 alpha and PGE2 in
      each sample varied together (p less than .01) but only PGF2 alpha increased (p
      less than .09) in infants with RDS. The highest PGF2 alpha values occurred in
      infants with severe RDS, including four infants with patent ductus arteriosus
      (PDA). In contrast, plasma PGE2 was not elevated in infants with RDS or PDA.

PMID- 6574526
TI  - Effects of prostaglandins on the prolactin stimulation of lipid biosynthesis in
      mouse mammary gland explants.
AB  - The effects of prostaglandins E1 and E2, indomethacin, arachidonic acid, and
      8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid on the rate of (14C)-acetate incorporation into
      lipids in mouse mammary gland explants were studied. Prostaglandins E1 and E2, as
      well as their precursors 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid and arachidonic acid,
      inhibited the rate of (14C)-acetate incorporation into lipids, possibly through
      increased cAMP levels or through end product inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase
      and fatty acid synthetase by long chain fatty acids. Indomethacin at
      concentrations of 50 micrograms/ml and above significantly reduced the basal rate
      of 14C-acetate incorporation into lipids, but it did not abolish the prolactin
      response. Since the prostaglandins, at low concentrations, have prolactin-like
      actions on RNA synthesis and ornithine decarboxylase activity, and since
      indomethacin attenuates the actions of prolactin on RNA synthesis, casein
      synthesis, and ornithine decarboxylase activity, it seems apparent that all of
      the metabolic actions of prolactin in the mammary gland may not occur via the
      same primary mechanism.

PMID- 6574527
TI  - Low density lipoprotein (LDL) from male volunteers stimulated the thromboxane
      formation by human platelets.
AB  - LDL (0.5 - 2.0 mg LDL-cholesterol/ml) isolated from venous blood of healthy male
      volunteers stimulated dose-dependently the malondialdehyde (MDA) formation by
      frozen human platelets, used as a marker for the activity of the thromboxane
      synthetase. HDL (0.25 - 1.0 mg HDL-cholesterol/ml) and human serum albumin (1 -
      10 mg/ml) had no concentration-dependent influence on the MDA formation. If these
      results can be extended to in vivo they suggested the strong connection between
      the prostaglandin and lipoprotein hypothesis of pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 6574528
TI  - DST in depression is unaffected by altering the clock time of its administration.
AB  - Circadian oscillators in major depressive illness may be phase advanced by
      several hours. We attempted to determine whether phase advance of the oscillator
      responsible for hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function in depressives
      might influence the outcome of the overnight dexamethasone suppression test
      (DST). Six major depressives underwent DST with dexamethasone doses administered
      in a randomized fashion at 1900h and 2300h on separate evenings. Twenty-four hour
      cortisol secretory patterns basally and postdexamethasone were obtained for each
      subject. Postdexamethasone cortisol responses were similar for both the 1900h and
      2300h dosage schedules in suppressors, nonsuppressors, and an early escape
      responder. We conclude that failure of the HPA axis to suppress normally with DST
      in major-depressive illness is a primary feature of neuroendocrine regulatory
      mechanisms rather than secondary to a posited phase advance of the related
      circadian oscillator.

PMID- 6574529
TI  - Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis hyperactivity in bulimia.
AB  - Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, demonstrated by
      nonsuppression of plasma cortisol in the dexamethasone suppression test (DST),
      has been found in about 50% of patients with major depression. We administered
      the DST to 47 patients with bulimia and to 22 age- and sex-matched normal
      controls. Among the bulimics, 47% were nonsuppressors, significantly higher than
      the 9% prevalence of nonsuppressors in the controls, but similar to the
      prevalence reported for patients with major depression in other studies. This
      finding is consistent with evidence from studies of phenomenology, family
      history, and treatment response which suggest that bulimia may be related to
      affective disorder.

PMID- 6574530
TI  - Pain sensitivity and obesity.
AB  - Endogenous opiates have been implicated as regulators of mood and pain. Recent
      literature suggests a relationship between these internal opiates and ingestive
      behaviors in both animals and humans. The present study investigates this
      relationship by comparing the pain sensitivities of obese and nonobese subjects.
      Twenty-six subjects (18 females, 8 males) whose weight was 130% or greater of
      their ideal body weight (IBW) constituted the obese experimental group, while 34
      subjects (14 females, 20 males) whose weight was less than 130% IBW formed the
      nonobese control group. Volunteer subjects were sought from a general medicine
      clinic of a hospital. Each subject placed his index finger in a pressure device
      bearing a 3-pound weight and was instructed to report the first occurrence of
      pain and the desire to remove the finger from the device. Obese subjects were
      significantly more pain sensitive. The difference in pain sensitivities supports
      the hypothesis that the weight difference between the obese and nonobese subjects
      may be related to endogenous opiate control of ingestive behaviors.

PMID- 6574531
TI  - Effects of caffeine on human aggressive behavior.
AB  - A new methodology was employed to study the effects of caffeine on human
      aggressive behavior in a laboratory situation. Aggressive responding was elicited
      by subtracting money from the research subjects, which was attributed to a
      fictitious person. Caffeine compared to placebo produced decreases in two types
      of aggressive responses, but increased nonaggressive monetary reinforced
      responding. Thus, the suppressing effect of caffeine on aggressive responding was
      not due to a nonspecific depressant action.

PMID- 6574532
TI  - Correlation between MAO activity in blood platelets obtained by single and
      multiple centrifugations.
AB  - Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in human blood platelets isolated by a single
      centrifugation at 600g for 2 1/2 minutes, which isolates only 45-65% of total
      platelets, was highly correlated with the MAO activity in platelets isolated by a
      method which isolates essentially 100% of platelets (r = 0.95, p less than 0.01).
      These results indicate that the single centrifugation method, which isolates only
      a portion of platelets, gives a reliable estimate of MAO activity in the entire
      platelet population.

PMID- 6574533
TI  - EEG sleep in outpatients with generalized anxiety: a preliminary comparison with
      depressed outpatients.
AB  - To develop further perspective on the psychophysiology of generalized anxiety
      disorder and primary depression, all-night electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep
      measures in outpatients with diagnoses of generalized anxiety disorder and
      primary (nondelusional) depression were compared. Both groups had difficulty
      initiating and maintaining sleep, and diminished amounts of slow-wave sleep.
      Compared to patients with generalized anxiety disorder, depressives had a shorter
      rapid eye movement (REM) latency, greater REM sleep percent and eye movement
      activity, and a different temporal distribution of REM sleep. Anxious patients
      showed few changes from first to second night, whereas depressives showed
      increases in several REM sleep indexes. The combination of REM sleep latency and
      REM percent correctly classified 86.7% of patients. These data may provide a more
      direct measure of central nervous system arousal and sleep/wake function than
      previous studies in the psychophysiology of anxiety. They also lend support to
      the clinical distinction between generalized anxiety disorder and primary
      depression and to the classification of anxiety states as disorders of initiating
      and maintaining sleep.

PMID- 6574534
TI  - Ventricular enlargement in major depression.
AB  - Major depression accompanied by psychosis may be a separate nosological entity
      from nonpsychotic depression. Investigators have noted behavioral and biochemical
      differences in psychotic and nonpsychotic patients, as well as differences in
      response to treatment. A previous study using computed tomography (CT) found
      enlargement of the lateral cerebral ventricles in patients with manic-depressive
      illness with psychotic symptoms. The present study examined CT scans of patients
      with major affective illness that was accompanied by hallucinations, delusions,
      or both. The ventricles of the depressed group were significantly larger than
      those of a group of normal controls.

PMID- 6574535
TI  - Bromocriptine therapy in chronic schizophrenia: effects on symptomatology, sleep
      patterns, and prolactin response to stimulation.
AB  - Ten chronic schizophrenic patients were given bromocriptine in doses increasing
      from 1.25 to 5 mg over 6 days (the low-dose therapy) and then up to 40 mg over 15
      days (the high-dose therapy). Psychopathological status was assessed using the
      Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, twice daily the first 6 days, and every 2 days
      thereafter. The prolactin (PRL) response to haloperidol stimulation (1 mg i.v.)
      was measured in five cases before and 3 days after the end of high-dose therapy,
      and in one patient before and 3 days after the end of low-dose therapy.
      Electroencephalographic sleep studies were carried out before therapy and every 2
      nights during low-dose therapy in five patients, and in two cases during high
      dose therapy. Bromocriptine therapy modified neither clinical symptomatology nor
      sleep patterns. The PRL response to haloperidol after therapy was markedly lower
      than that before therapy in the five patients treated with high doses, and
      markedly higher in the single patient tested who was treated only with low-dose
      therapy.

PMID- 6574536
TI  - Prolactin response to the cold pressor test in patients with panic attacks.
AB  - Recent advances in psychiatric nosology have provided a clearer clinical
      description of panic disorder and agoraphobia with panic attacks. This clinical
      improvement has yet to result in a better understanding of the basic mechanisms
      involved in these conditions. The present study compares the effects of the cold
      pressor test on blood pressure changes and prolactin levels in patients with
      panic disorder and agoraphobia with panic attacks to its effects in normal
      controls. Because the effects of the cold pressor test were similar in patients
      and normal controls, it appears that alpha-adrenergic function is normal in the
      patient group. The results also suggest that prolactin hypersecretion does not
      occur in pathological anxiety states.

PMID- 6574537
TI  - Dexamethasone suppression test response in major depression: stability across
      hospitalizations.
AB  - In the course of several studies of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity
      in depression, 43 patients presented on separate admissions with definite
      depression and, on both admissions, received dexamethasone suppression tests
      (DSTs). DST results were discordant across admissions in 21% of cases; among
      patients who were nonsuppressors on either admission, results were discordant in
      40.9%. The correlation between postdexamethasone values obtained on two
      admissions was highly significant, however. Distinctions between bipolar and
      unipolar depression and between primary and secondary depression by rates of
      nonsuppression were inconsistently significant across admissions but were clearer
      when results from both admissions were pooled and patients with an abnormal DST
      on either admission were considered nonsuppressors. While abnormal escape from
      dexamethasone suppression occurs in a significant proportion of depressed
      patients, this phenomenon may only partially overlap the depressive syndrome in
      time. Negative DST results in patients with primary depression must be
      interpreted in this light.

PMID- 6574538
TI  - Relationship of cortisol hypersecretion to brain CT scan alterations in depressed
      patients.
AB  - Preliminary data showing a correlation between urinary free cortisol levels and
      ventricular-brain ratio in 10 affectively ill patients are presented. The
      literature on hypercortisolism and computed tomography (CT scan) abnormalities is
      reviewed. The authors suggest that the increased cortisol production in some
      psychiatric patients might be capable of altering the gross structure of the
      brain and that such alterations might be reversible.

PMID- 6574539
TI  - Comparison of solid-phase radioimmunoassay and competitive protein binding method
      for postdexamethasone cortisol levels in psychiatric patients.
AB  - Results obtained by competitive protein binding assay (PBA) and a solid-phase
      radioimmunoassay (RIA) for cortisol were compared in 157 samples from 100
      psychiatric patients given a dexamethasone suppression test (DST). Cortisol
      levels in plasma samples obtained at 8:00 a.m. or 4:00 p.m. the day following 1.0
      mg dexamethasone orally at bedtime ranged from 0 to 30 micrograms/dl and
      correlated closely (r = 0.96). However, RIA gave values that were consistently
      and significantly lower (average = 8.9%) than those obtained by PBA. When samples
      were further assayed by a specific RIA for corticosterone, there was a strong
      correlation between cortisol and corticosterone RIA values (r = 0.79), and
      corticosterone (7.8% of cortisol levels) accounted for most of the difference
      between PBA and RIA for cortisol. The relationship between results of the two
      cortisol assay methods can be expressed (in micrograms/dl) by the equation: RIA =
      0.92(PBA) - 0.10, based on findings obtained in a separate analysis of 127
      samples with cortisol values in the 0-10 micrograms/dl range, critical to the
      valid interpretation of the DST in melancholia. A reported criterion of a
      "positive" DST in psychiatry, of plasma cortisol of greater than or equal to 5.0
      micrograms/dl has been suggested by use of a PBA. Use of the present RIA required
      that this value be adjusted downward, at least to 4.5 micrograms/dl; application
      of this criterion increased the clinical sensitivity of the DST by 10%. We urge
      local, independent verification of criteria to define the DST as "positive" in
      each laboratory and with each method of assay.

PMID- 6574540
TI  - The ventricular-brain ratio on computed tomography scans: validity and proper
      use.
AB  - The planimetric measurement of the area of the ventricles on a computed
      tomographic section is a convenient and useful method of assessing ventricular
      size when more sophisticated techniques are not available. It is commonly
      reported as a planimetric ventricular-brain ratio or VBR. Ventricular size is
      related to cranial size in normal adults which provides a rationale for the use
      of a ratio of areas. The ratio might not be an appropriate measure to use when
      studying conditions acquired in childhood. Guidelines are suggested for the use
      of planimetric methods to prevent bias in the experimental results.

PMID- 6574541
TI  - The effects of diet and physical activity on plasma homovanillic acid in normal
      human subjects.
AB  - This study examines the effect of diet and moderate physical activity on plasma
      levels of the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid (HVA) in healthy young males.
      At weekly intervals, subjects were fed four isocaloric meals: polycose (pure
      carbohydrate), sustecal, low monoamine, and high monoamine. Moderate physical
      activity consisted of 30 minutes of exercise on a bicycle ergometer. The effect
      of diet on plasma HVA (pHVA) was highly significant. Compared to the polycose
      meal, the high monoamine meal significantly increased pHVA. Moderate physical
      activity also significantly increased pHVA. Future clinical studies using pHVA in
      man as an index of brain dopamine function should control for the effects of both
      diet and physical activity.

PMID- 6574542
TI  - Sociospatial behavioral relationships among hospitalized psychiatric patients.

PMID- 6574544
TI  - Recommendations for depression publications.

PMID- 6574543
TI  - DSM-III criteria: a requirement for publication?

PMID- 6574545
TI  - Multifocal oral squamous cell carcinoma.

PMID- 6574547
TI  - The importance of nutrition in prosthodontic treatment of the older patient.

PMID- 6574546
TI  - Trace elements: their potential role in caries and enamel bonding.

PMID- 6574548
TI  - Tooth discoloration--extrinsic and intrinsic factors.

PMID- 6574549
TI  - Artifact or pathosis? Problem-solving for panoramic dental radiology (II).

PMID- 6574550
TI  - Nitrous oxide - are there any real contraindications?

PMID- 6574551
TI  - Occupational hazards in the dental office and their control. II. Measures for
      controlling mercury intoxication.

PMID- 6574552
TI  - Solvidont - a new chemotherapeutic and bacteriocidal agent for endodontic use
      (II).

PMID- 6574554
TI  - Crack lines: the precursors of tooth fractures - their diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 6574553
TI  - Effects of nutrition on dental health in Third World countries.

PMID- 6574555
TI  - Occupational hazards in the dental office and their control. IV. Measures for
      controlling contamination of anesthetic gas--nitrous oxide.

PMID- 6574556
TI  - Pit and fissure sealants: attitudes toward and use by dentists in Minnesota.

PMID- 6574557
TI  - Enhanced bronchoconstriction responses to prostaglandin F2 alpha following
      inhalation of sulfur dioxide.
AB  - The effect of chronic sulfur dioxide (SO2) inhalation was investigated in
      pharmacologic-induced bronchoconstriction in beagle dogs. Increases in pulmonary
      resistance (RL) and decreases in dynamic lung compliance (CDYN) were observed
      with i.v. and aerosol administration of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha).
      After control historical data were accumulated, the animals received exposures of
      500 ppm of SO2 for two hours twice a week. After six months of chronic SO2
      exposure, a significant enhancement in the RL response to i.v. and aerosolized
      PGF2 alpha was observed as compared to pre-SO2 data. Tracheobronchial
      inflammation, as observed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy, occurred as a result of the
      chronic inhalation of SO2; however, only a small increase in mucous production
      was observed visually. In addition, hypercapnic and acidotic changes in blood gas
      profiles were found. Therefore, beagle dogs chronically exposed to SO2, developed
      hyperactive airways as seen by increased sensitivity to PGF2 alpha. This model
      appears to reflect many of those changes observed in clinical bronchial
      hyperreactivity and may provide an additional insight into obstructive airways
      disease.

PMID- 6574558
TI  - Kinetic changes in rat renal 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase induced by
      chronic ethanol exposure.
AB  - Several lines of investigation have suggested that exposure to ethanol may lead
      to alterations in both the synthesis and degradation of the E and F series of
      prostaglandins (PG). It has been suggested that these changes in PG metabolism
      underlie certain of the pathophysiological consequences of chronic alcoholism but
      few data are available as to the mechanism responsible for these changes. We now
      report that chronic exposure to ethanol in moderate doses (17% total dietary
      calories as ethanol) and high doses (35% total dietary calories as ethanol)
      results in a concentration dependent loss of renal 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin
      dehydrogenase for the NAD mediated reactions. Soluble fractions of kidney
      homogenates in the presence of greater than 10 Km concentrations of NAD exhibited
      dose dependent loss of specific and total organ PG dehydrogenase activity toward
      PGE2 and F2 alpha. A similar dose dependent decrease in the Vmax of the NAD
      mediated reaction was measured for the oxidation of PGE1, E2, and F2 alpha.
      Moderate doses of ethanol resulted in an increase in the Km for PGE2 and F2
      alpha. Km values for the NADP mediated reactions were not significantly
      influenced by exposure to high doses of ethanol other than for PGE1. These data
      suggest that chronic ethanol consumption results in a dose dependent, selective
      inhibition of the metabolism of PGs of the "2" series by the renal PGDH enzyme
      which utilizes NAD.

PMID- 6574560
TI  - Training dental laboratory technicians.

PMID- 6574559
TI  - Prevention of cross-infection in the dental laboratory.

PMID- 6574561
TI  - [Occurrence of a second neoplasia in the course of Hodgkin's disease. Study of 8
      cases].

PMID- 6574562
TI  - [Breast osteosarcoma coexistent with an adenocarcinoma].

PMID- 6574563
TI  - Utilization and benefits of prenatal diagnosis in Rhode Island.

PMID- 6574564
TI  - Nuclear medicine--role in evaluating acute abdominal trauma: a case report.

PMID- 6574565
TI  - Locked-in syndrome caused by a metastasis.

PMID- 6574566
TI  - [Loa loa filarial arthritis with microfiliara in the articular fluid].

PMID- 6574567
TI  - [Di George syndrome, exemplary rhomboencephalic neurocristopathy].
AB  - Di George's syndrome associates hypocalcemia and hyperphosphoremia (phosphocalcic
      disorders from absence of the parathyroids), cell immunity disorders related to
      agenesis or hypoplasia of the thymus, and large vessels malformations (pulmonary
      artery, aorta) with cardiac lesions. The disorder is the result of deletion of
      rhomboencephalic neural crests cells, Di George's syndrome being an exemplary
      rhomboencephalic neurocristopathy. This organic syndrome is associated with early
      disorders of the same neurological region (the rhomboencephalon), expressed
      clinically by sucking and swallowing disturbances and cardiorespiratory
      regulatory disorders. Early rhomboencephalic lesions can lead to velopalatal
      division and microretrognathism secondary to a lingual motility disturbance. The
      association of this neurocristopathy with a neural tube lesion constitutes a
      dysneurulation. Fetal and neonatal retrognathism are evidence of bulbar
      involvement. Di George's and Pierre Robin's syndromes constitute two fairly
      similar clinical expressions of the same embryonic deficiency of rhomboencephalic
      neurulation.

PMID- 6574568
TI  - [Cheiloplasty-jaw osteoplasty using a modified R. Millard-V. Veau technic].
AB  - Children having a large labiopalatine cleft, show surgical, orthopedic and
      esthetic problems which are frequently difficult to solve. The author makes a
      description of the surgical technique he has employed in 45 children who were
      operated between the years 1976 and 1982. All the sicks have been observed in
      their evolution by the same team composed of the maxillo-facial surgeon, the
      orthopedist and the dentist who makes the odontologist treatment. The
      investigation consists of a critical analysis of the evolution of the sick, and
      this is the first part of a more complete work in which more important results
      from the radiographic and orthopedical points of view are expected to obtain. The
      chirurgical technique described seems to improve the immediate and later results
      in relation to those which close the cleft in several times.

PMID- 6574569
TI  - [Atypical mycobacterial cervical adenitis].

PMID- 6574570
TI  - [Indications for the site of mandibular osteotomies in the correction of
      dysmorphism].

PMID- 6574571
TI  - [Thumbsucking in orthodontics. Its treatment by behavior therapy].

PMID- 6574572
TI  - [Conservation of the mandible by osteotomy-osteosynthesis in "trans-mandibular"
      oropharyngectomy. 34 case reports].
AB  - Trans-mandibular oropharyngectomy was performed in 34 patients, as initial
      treatment in 20 cases and following tumoral recurrence after radiotherapy in the
      other 14 cases. Results indicate that mandibular conservation is possible when
      bone is not affected by the neoplastic process and when an oropharyngoplasty
      ensures perfect covering of the mandible. The site of choice for osteotomy
      osteosynthesis appears to be the parasymphysial region, as this provides a very
      satisfactory route of approach, the mental nerve and innervation of the lip are
      respected, it is situated outside of the irradiation field (before or after
      surgery), and there are no dental articulation complications.

PMID- 6574573
TI  - [Ligation of the external carotid in the parotid space. Its surgical
      significance].
AB  - The classical procedure of external carotid artery ligature in the carotid sulcus
      presents certain difficulties: The subdiagastric lymph nodes and branches of
      farabeuf's venous trunk must be avoided, and major nerves and vessels, including
      the hypoglossal nerve, internal carotid artery, and internal jugular vein,
      identified and protected. An approach to the external carotid artery at its entry
      into the parotid space, as employed in parotidectomy, avoids such problems due to
      major anatomical elements. This technique appears to be simpler, less
      restrictive, and more rapidly accomplished than the classical method of ligature,
      when its objective, the most frequent one, is arrest or prevent ion of hemorrhage
      in the region supplies by the internal maxillary artery.

PMID- 6574574
TI  - [Technical aspects of reconstruction of the mandibular region using composite
      flaps of the latissimus dorsi].
AB  - Anatomical data from 20 laboratory dissections are employed to describe a
      composite flap associating skin, the latissimus dorsi muscle, and ribs, important
      anastomoses existing between the intercostal and inferior scapula vascular
      systems. Two cases were treated by single-stage extensive reconstruction of the
      mandibular region employing this osteomusculocutaneous flap of the latissimus
      dorsi.

PMID- 6574575
TI  - [Outcome of mandibular osteosynthesis].

PMID- 6574576
TI  - [Peri-maxillary archs for bimaxillary immobilization in maxillo-facial surgery.
      Advantages. Inconveniences. Suggested usage].

PMID- 6574577
TI  - Polarized light study of giant tubules in human and red deer coronal dentin.
AB  - Previously described giant tubules in human and red deer coronal dentin have been
      subjected to a study by polarized light microscopy. Structure of the giant
      tubules was similar in both species. The lumen of each tubule was bordered by a 5
      15-micrometers-thick collagenous mantle in which the fibers were orientate
      parallel to its long axis. In a circular dentin area encompassing the mantle, the
      course of the collagen fibers might be characterized as a winding of fibers
      around the cylindrical mantle. This structure of the giant tubules conforms with
      that described earlier in the rudimentary maxillary canine of a red deer. Thus,
      such tubules do not represent a rare anomaly, but occur regularly in both human
      and red deer coronal dentin.

PMID- 6574578
TI  - Arrestment of caries in rats by adding fluoride and magnesium to the diet.
AB  - 90 weanling Osborne-Mendel rats were divided into six groups of 15 animals each.
      Half of them received a modified MIT 200 control diet in which one third of the
      sucrose of the original formula was replaced by high-extraction wheat fluor,
      magnesium content reduced to 360 parts/10(6) and phosphorus content increased
      NaH2PO4 . 2H2O to 0.49%. For the experimental diet, an additive containing 75
      parts/10(6) fluoride as (NaF) and 50 parts/10(6) magnesium (as MgO) was mixed
      into the above composition. Each diet was given to three experimental or three
      control groups for 25, 40, or 55 d. Caries involving dentin-enamel junction was
      significantly reduced through the F+Mg addition by 37%, 51%, and 61% on the 25th,
      40th, and 55th day, respectively. Caries involving dentin was significantly
      reduced by 58%, 68%, and 70%, respectively. Caries arrestment was observable in
      both the control rats and rats fed the F rMg additive but in the latter animals
      the reduction meant an arrestment at a lower level than in controls. This
      arrestment resembles an early caries arrestment obtained recently in a clinical
      trial by fluoridation of dietary sugar products. The growth of the animals was
      only temporarily retarded by the additives.

PMID- 6574579
TI  - Effect of SnF2, administered as mouthrinses or topically applied, on
      Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis and lactobacilli in dental plaque and
      saliva.
AB  - Mouthrinsing with SnF2 reduced the Streptococcus mutans population in plaque and
      saliva and the proportion of Streptococcus sanguis in plaque. The effect was of
      short duration: 2 weeks after treatment the values of S. mutans in plaque and
      saliva were even higher than the pretreatment values. Topical SnF2 applications
      reduced the S. mutants population in plaque and saliva but did not reduce the
      proportion of S. sanguis in plaque. The effect was more prolonged : 4 weeks after
      treatment the S. mutans population in interproximal plaque remained significantly
      reduced and the salivary levels of the organism had not fully returned to
      pretreatment levels. Both SnF2 treatments significantly increased the salivary
      levels of lactobacilli. The values of lactobacilli in saliva remained
      significantly increased 4 weeks after the SnF2 mouthrinsing but had almost
      returned to pretreatment levels within 2 weeks after the topical SnF2
      applications. The findings suggest that the cariogenic potential of dental plaque
      is differently affected depending on whether a drug is administered as a
      mouthrinse or is applied topically.

PMID- 6574580
TI  - Copper in human subgingival calculus.
AB  - The Cu concentration as well as the Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, Zn, and F concentrations were
      determined in subgingival calculus and the relation of Cu to Zn, Ca, Mg and Fe
      described. Samples of human subgingival calculus of 60 pieces from 60 subjects
      were ashed in an acid solution and the cation concentrations were determined with
      atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The F content was analyzed with an ion
      selective electrode. The data was analyzed using the multiple linear regression
      analysis. The mean +/-SD of the Cu concentration in the subgingival calculus was
      48.4+/-59.0 micrograms/g. Four elements, Zn, Ca, Fe and Mg, explained 41.1% of
      the Cu content. Zn explained 25.5% and the correlation was positive, whereas Ca
      (10.4%) had a negative correlation with the Cu content. The results showed such a
      high Cu content that it could affect the mineralization of calculus.

PMID- 6574582
TI  - Abrasion of microfill restorative resins in Class 1 cavities.
AB  - Abrasion of Class 1 microfill restorations has been studied over a period 2
      years. The materials used were the commercial products Isomolar (Ivoclar,
      Liechtenstein) and Silar (3 M Co., U.S.A.). All fillings were placed in permanent
      mandibular first molars of Copenhagen schoolchildren. The abrasion for Isomolar
      (29 fillings) was found to be 9.8 +/- 10.3 (range -9 to 28) micrometers per year,
      and for Silar (27 fillings) 11.8 +/- 13.0 (range -5 to 41) micrometers per year.
      Statistically no difference could be demonstrated between the two products.

PMID- 6574581
TI  - Quantitative relationship between yeast and bacteria in denture-induced
      stomatitis.
AB  - Quantitative cultural studies of yeasts and bacteria were made from 7-day-old
      denture plaque accumulate on pieces of self-adhesive tape stuck on the fitting
      surface of the maxillary denture in 17 edentulous subjects with healthy oral
      mucosa and in 27 patients affected with denture-induced stomatitis. Significantly
      higher numbers of yeasts and bacteria were cultured in the stomatitis patients
      than in the controls. This indicates that the rate of plaque formation is
      increased in patients with denture-induced stomatitis. Yeasts usually constituted
      less than 1% of the anaerobic bacterial counts, but the percentage of yeasts was
      significantly higher in the stomatitis patients than in the controls. There was a
      significant correlation between initially higher yeast counts and improvement of
      the clinical condition of the palatal mucosa following antimycotic treatment. In
      some patients only bacteria were grown and antimycotic treatment had no effect.
      The study supported the contention that yeast antigens and toxins of denture
      plaque are significant factors in initiation and maintenance of denture-induced
      stomatitis. However, bacteria may also be involved as pathogens.

PMID- 6574583
TI  - Histopathology of benign gingival fibroblastic lesions with special reference to
      odontogenic fibroma and recurrence rates.
AB  - Histopathologic and clinical reexamination of 84 cases diagnosed as peripheral
      odontogenic fibroma showed 56 cases with no evidence of recurrence, 12 with
      possible single recurrence and 16 with verified single or multiple recurrences.
      An effort was made to correlate the histopathologic appearance with the
      recurrence rate. Three different types of lesions could be identified: fibrous
      epulis, calcifying fibroblastic granuloma and various types of "fibroma", also
      showing a high recurrence rate. Our findings show that neither histomorphology
      nor recurrence rate can be used as a definite criterium to separate neoplasia
      such as odontogenic fibroma from other gingival fibrous overgrowths.

PMID- 6574584
TI  - Three-dimensional replicas of pit and fissure morphology in human teeth.
AB  - Nuva Seal replicas of pits and fissures from surgically removed unerupted human
      third molars and premolars, and from erupted premolars extracted for orthodontic
      reasons, were examined in the scanning electron microscope. The results confirm
      that the morphology on occlusal surfaces of third molars is extremely variable
      with numerous pits of considerable length positioned at various angles relative
      to the fissures. In contrast, the morphology of unerupted and erupted premolars
      is simpler with fewer and shorter pits positioned perpendicular to the fissure.
      It is pointed out that fine details of the morphology are lost when
      reconstructions of the occlusal morphology are made from serial ground sections.
      However, such reconstructions seem to be less reliable in third molars than in
      premolars.

PMID- 6574585
TI  - Effect of a sodium fluoride varnish on the progress of initial caries lesions.
AB  - Effect of applications of a sodium fluoride varnish, Duraphat, on progress of
      initial caries lesions was studied in 11-13-year-old children. All 60 children
      included in the study had high caries activity and life-long exposure to
      fluoridated drinking water. The varnish was applied semiannually using the half
      mouth technique, and annual clinical and radiographic examinations were made for
      3 years. The treatment had little effect on the progress of initial caries
      lesions present before the first application of varnish. The progress of caries
      lesions formed during the study was inhibited more distinctly, and the difference
      between test and control side in the rate of progress of caries lesions was
      highly statically significant. Use of fluoride varnish seems to help prevent
      further development of early caries lesions.

PMID- 6574586
TI  - A light microscopical and microradiographic study of coronal dentin in red deer
      with special reference to the occurrence of giant tubules.
AB  - The coronal dentin of red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) was studied by light
      microscopy and microradiographyy. The material consisted of incisors from 10
      animals, 2 1/2-6 1/2 years of age. Sections in the long axes of the crowns in the
      buccolingual and mesiodistal planes were prepared, as well as transverse
      sections. A few crowns were also examined in toto. A system of giant tubules of
      the same type as in human dentin is described. It was, however, characterized by
      more regularity in the number and the morphology of the tubules. As in human
      dentin, the giant tubules extended from the border of the pulpal cavity and could
      be followed, though not continuously, through secondary and primary dentin almost
      to the incisal dentinoenamel junction. Up to 60 giant tubules could be counted in
      the mesiodistal axis of the dentin. Contrary to the situation in man, areas of
      interglobular dentin were abundant in the crowns.

PMID- 6574587
TI  - Plasma fibronectin deficiency during chemotherapy of acute myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - Plasma fibronectin was determined using a laser nephelometric method in 10
      patients with acute myeloid leukaemia undergoing chemotherapy. There was a
      continuous fall during the first 3 weeks to about 50% of the normal level. The
      decrease of fibronectin may contribute to the lowered resistance against
      infection characteristic of these patients.

PMID- 6574588
TI  - Correlation between chromosomal pattern, cytological subtypes, response to
      therapy, and survival in acute myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - Chromosomal karyotypes were determined with standard G-banding in 103 patients
      with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Abnormal clones were present in 52 (50.5%).
      Higher frequencies of abnormalities were observed in male than in female patients
      and in erythroleukaemia (EL) than in other subtypes of AML. Abnormalities were
      more frequent in myeloblastic (AMyL) than in myelomonocytic leukaemias (AMML) and
      mixtures of both normal and abnormal karyotypes were more common among elderly
      patients; these differences, though of marginal statistical significance, are
      consistent with previous reports. 9 of 10 cases with 5 or more aberrant
      chromosomes and 6 of 8 cases with unidentified marker chromosomes were either
      AMML or EL. Remission rates, median survivals and relative death rates were
      collated in 82 patients, in relation to the karyotype patterns NN (all normal),
      AN (mixed normal and abnormal) and AA (all abnormal). The differences between the
      groups did not reach statistical significance. Serial cytogenetic studies were
      performed in 10 patients. New karyotype changes emerged in only 1 of 6 relapses.
      4 examples of t(8;21) and 2 of t(15;17) were found. 1 case of AMML showed trisomy
      8 and double minute chromosomes. 1 case of EL showed 2 marker chromosomes with
      homogeneously staining regions.

PMID- 6574589
TI  - Emperipolesis and annulate lamellae in erythroleukaemia.
AB  - The bone marrow in the erythraemic phase of 2 erythroleukaemia patients was
      studied electron microscopically. Emperipolesis of erythrocytes as well as
      annulate lamellae were revealed in the cytoplasm of the erythroblasts of these
      cases. It is assumed that these findings show a high rate of erythroblastic
      proliferation. This is the first report of emperipolesis within the erythroblast
      by erythroleukaemia. In addition, other various abnormalities, namely, nuclear
      cytoplasmic asynchrony, nuclear bleb or cleft formation, abundant glycogen
      particles and ferruginous micelles in mitochondria such as described in some
      previous reports, were also recognized.

PMID- 6574590
TI  - Immunological typing of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - The blasts of 37 adult and 126 childhood cases of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
      (ALL) were characterized with a panel of xeno-antisera and rosette tests. The
      Orthoclone monoclonal antibodies (OK series) were applied as well. Like other
      investigators, we were able to distinguish 4 major classes of ALL: T-ALL, common
      ALL with the subclass pre-B-ALL, null-ALL, and B-ALL. We did not encounter a
      common-ALL antigen-positive T-ALL subclass. In both adult and childhood ALL, all
      classes were present, and in about the same frequency as reported by others. In
      children, common-ALL was the most frequent (66%); in adults, null-ALL (38%). T
      ALL was seen both in adults and in children with about the same frequency (27 and
      23%, respectively). We found pre-B-ALL only in children. Patients with B-ALL
      comprised the smallest group in both adult and children (8 and 1.5%,
      respectively). The application of the OKT antibodies led to recognition of 3
      major subclasses of T-ALL: an immature, a common thymocyte and a mature thymocyte
      subclass. These antibodies were helpful in defining a better classification of
      null-ALL. With regard to remission induction and prognosis in adult ALL, complete
      remissions were always obtained in T-ALL, followed by 70% of complete remissions
      in common-ALL. The worst prognosis was encountered in null-ALL and B-ALL, with 50
      and 0% remission, respectively, and a shorter survival in null-ALL of those
      patients who achieved complete remission. Thus, in high number of cases of null
      ALL in adults partly explains the generally much worse prognosis for adult ALL.

PMID- 6574591
TI  - A case of L1 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia relapsing in L3 (Burkitt's type) with
      non-T, non-B cells.

PMID- 6574592
TI  - A new glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase variant (G-6-PD Verona) in a patient with
      myelodysplastic syndrome.
AB  - A 67-year-old woman investigated because of 'myelodysplastic syndrome' was found
      to have a 4-fold increase in G-6-PD activity in her erythrocytes. The enzyme was
      partially purified and characterized. On grounds of: (a) reduced electrophoretic
      mobility, (b) abnormal cathodic band(s) in isoelectrofocusing, (c) increased
      Michaelis constant for glucose 6-phosphate, (d) abnormal thermostability, and (e)
      abnormal interaction with the ligand NADPH, we conclude that this is a new
      structural variant which we designate G-6-PD Verona. G-6-PD Verona was the sole
      apparent source of G-6-PD activity in the patient's erythrocytes; by contrast,
      the patient's fibroblasts had only normal G-6-PH (type B). The patient's
      haematological course terminated into acute myeloid leukaemia. We believe G-6-PD
      Verona was the result of a somatic mutation in an X-chromosome which took place
      in a haemopoietic cell clone which subsequently underwent neoplastic
      transformation.

PMID- 6574593
TI  - Chronic myelocytic leukaemia: cytogenetical studies on haemopoietic colonies and
      diffusion chamber cultures.
AB  - In 20 patients with chronic myelocytic leukaemia in the chronic phase or in blast
      crisis, several in vitro (CFU-C, BFU-E) and in vivo (diffusion chamber) culture
      techniques were used to demonstrate the existence of a still diploid cell clone.
      In 4 out of 12 patients in the chronic phase, Ph1-negative metaphases were found
      in the various cultures for haemopoietic progenitor cells but not in the standard
      suspension cultures used for cytogenetics. However, all the 8 patients
      investigated during blast crisis had only Ph1-positive and other abnormal clones,
      indicating the loss of the diploid clone during progression of the disease.

PMID- 6574594
TI  - [Results of the surgical treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis with the
      interposition of lyophilized bank cartilage disks].

PMID- 6574595
TI  - [Hygiene problems in dental practice].

PMID- 6574596
TI  - [Oral physiotherapy--an additional aid for myoarthropathy patients].

PMID- 6574597
TI  - [Dental photography: the Contax-Dental System].

PMID- 6574598
TI  - [Oral hygiene control by self-assessment of papillary bleeding].

PMID- 6574599
TI  - The assessment of fetal lung maturity with phospholipid profiles: the importance
      of phosphatidylglycerol.

PMID- 6574600
TI  - Seventeen year old Caucasian male with recurrent abdominal pain.

PMID- 6574601
TI  - Is thymosin action mediated by prostaglandin release?
AB  - Treatment of spleen cells derived from adult thymectomized mice with thymosin
      fraction 5 resulted in a rapid and dose-dependent stimulation of the release of
      immunoreactive prostaglandin E2. The release of prostaglandin E2 was associated
      with induction of theta antigen and was totally inhibited by indomethacin. In
      contrast, prostaglandin E2 release from spleen cells from intact donors was
      inhibited by treatment with fraction 5. The data support the concept that
      prostaglandin E2 mediates the effects of thymosin fraction 5 on lymphocytes.

PMID- 6574602
TI  - Transcriptional regulation of globin gene expression in the human erythroid cell
      line K562.
AB  - The effect of hemin on the rate of synthesis and the level of globin messenger
      RNA's in the human erythroid cell line K562 was examined by means of cloned
      hybridization probes specific for each of the human embryonic, fetal, and adult
      globin genes. Hemin increases both the rate of transcription and the level of
      accumulation of zeta-, epsilon-, gamma-, and alpha-globin messenger RNA's by a
      factor of 3 to 5. Thus, hemin induction of globin gene expression in K562 cells
      is at the level of transcription.

PMID- 6574603
TI  - Clerics urge ban on altering germline cells.

PMID- 6574605
TI  - Chronic granulocytic leukaemia. A 10-year experience in the Black, Coloured and
      White populations of the south-western Cape Province.
AB  - In a 10-year retrospective analysis of 92 patients in the stable phase of chronic
      granulocytic leukaemia, the three major race groups (White, Coloured and Black)
      in the south-western Cape were compared. There were consistent differences in
      respect of age, sex distribution, and the presence of the Philadelphia
      chromosome. Despite these differences the clinical presentation, haematological
      features, response to treatment and survival rates did not vary significantly.

PMID- 6574604
TI  - Inhibitory role of the endothelium in the response of isolated coronary arteries
      to platelets.
AB  - Aggregating autologous platelets caused contraction of isolated rings of canine
      left circumflex arteries. The contractions were augmented after removal of the
      endothelium and were attenuated by serotonergic antagonists. During contraction
      caused by prostaglandin F2 alpha, aggregating platelets caused a transient
      increase in tension followed by a profound relaxation of arteries with
      endothelium, but caused only further contraction of arteries without endothelium.
      These observations demonstrate the importance of the vascular endothelium in
      opposing the constriction of coronary vessels caused by 5-hydroxytryptamine and
      other substances released from aggregating platelets.

PMID- 6574606
TI  - Management of dentin dysplasia and facial disharmony.

PMID- 6574607
TI  - A survey of hospital ambulatory dental programs in Massachusetts. Part 1: An
      overview.

PMID- 6574608
TI  - Structural gene coding for multifunctional protein carrying orotate
      phosphoribosyltransferase and OMP decarboxylase activity is located on long arm
      of human chromosome 3.
AB  - In humans, deficiency in the last two enzymes of UMP biosynthesis, orotate
      phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT) and OMP decarboxylase results in the inborn
      error of metabolism hereditary orotic aciduria, type 1. In this manuscript, we
      present immunologic, molecular, biochemical, and genetic evidence that the gene
      coding for this set of enzymatic activities is located on the long arm of human
      chromosome 3. The evidence presented here is consistent with both these
      activities being carried on the same multifunctional protein in mammalian cells.
      These studies allow further genetic analysis of human chromosome 3, confirming
      that human markers ACY-1, previously assigned to 3p21, and beta-gal, previously
      assigned by others to the region 3(p21-q21), must be in the region 3 (cen-p21)
      and confirming the regional assignment of a human DNA segment, D3S1, to 3q12. The
      significance of these studies to genetic analysis of genes on human chromosome 3,
      some of which appear to play a role in some forms of malignancy, is discussed.

PMID- 6574609
TI  - Determination of dental age in adopted non-European children.
AB  - Adoption and immigration have brought about a considerable number of non-European
      children living in Sweden. Frequently the date of birth and age of the child are
      estimates of some uncertainty. In order to find out whether dental age could be
      useful in these cases a determination of dental age, according to methods
      described by Gustafson & Koch (1974) and by Liliequist & Lundberg (1971) was
      carried out in 44 non-European adoptive children, 23 with certain and 21 with
      uncertain date of birth. The results showed good agreement between the two
      methods and for children whose date of birth was certain, dental age
      determination was reliable, regardless of sex and race. For almost half of the
      children of uncertain age, however, dental age differed by a year or more. This
      may be seen as evidence of the difficulty in estimating the correct age in the
      native country and to asses the correctness of this estimate at the routine
      medical checks at present carried out upon arrival in Sweden. It can be concluded
      that in order to assign a reliable year of birth all adoptive or immigrant
      children whose age is at all uncertain should also be subjected to adequate
      odontological age determination.

PMID- 6574610
TI  - Immediate and prolonged effect of individual preventive measures in caries and
      gingivitis susceptible children.
AB  - A longitudinal study on the effect of an individualized preventive program was
      carried out on 10-11 year old children with higher caries and/or gingivitis
      prevalence than the average. The program was based on bimonthly professional
      toothcleaning as well as hygiene and dietary instructions. After an introductory
      period of 3 months the frequency of visits was individualized according to the
      gingival condition of the children (every 2nd to 4th week). For one group this
      program was supplemented by instruction in dental flossing for proximal tooth
      cleaning on a daily basis. The effects of the preventive measures were evaluated
      after an experimental 2 year period. Two years after withdrawal of the preventive
      measures, the longitudinal effects were recorded. In all 627 children were
      examined and of these 87 children were selected for the study on gingival and
      cariological indications. It was possible to follow 74 children throughout the 4
      year period. After 2 years the number of new caries lesions was significantly
      reduced in the test groups as compared to the controls. The caries increment in
      the test group was 1.7 new surfaces per individual and in the control 4.5. The
      corresponding figures at the follow-up examination was 8.5 and 5.9 respectively.
      Thus any prolonged effect of the preventive program could not be confirmed. An
      improved cariological status was also recorded among the children selected on
      gingival indications. The increment was 0.8 in the test and 3.8 in the control
      group during the experimental period. The corresponding figures at the
      supervisory control was 1.8 and 4.6 new surfaces respectively indicating a
      prolonged effect among these children. The interpretation of the results from the
      "flossing" group was not clear-cut, since the flossing was performed
      unsupervised. However, no new decayed tooth surfaces were recorded in those
      children who had claimed that they had used floss at least every second day. The
      gingival situation improved in all test groups and was visible even in the follow
      up study.

PMID- 6574611
TI  - Fortnightly fluoride rinsing combined with topical paintings with a fluoride
      solution containing Fe- and Al-ions.
AB  - In clinical trials conducted for three and five years respectively the combined
      effect of fortnightly sodium fluoride rinsing and topical painting every fourth
      month with a ferric aluminum fluoride solution was found to be significantly more
      caries preventing than the combined effect of fortnightly sodium fluoride rinsing
      and topical painting every fourth month with a neutral 0.2% sodium fluoride
      solution.

PMID- 6574612
TI  - [Prostaglandin F2 alpha content of the blood of bronchial asthma patients].

PMID- 6574613
TI  - HLA associations in Italian and non-Italian Caucasoid aplastic anaemia patients.
AB  - A reassessment of HLA-A and B antigen associations in patients with severe
      aplastic anaemia confirmed the significantly elevated frequency of HLA-A2 in
      Caucasoid patients reported by Albert et al. (1976). In addition, a highly
      significant increase in the frequency of HLA-B14 in Italian patients was observed
      in an initial sample of 25 patients and confirmed in a second sample of 16
      patients. This latter finding was cancelled out when the Italian Caucasoid
      patients were pooled with the non-Italian Caucasoid patients. These results
      suggest that the classification of populations as "Caucasoids", without examining
      their ethnic origins, may introduce a serious confounding error into HLA and
      disease studies.

PMID- 6574614
TI  - A new HLA-A antigen, called LN, closely related to A25, A26 and Aw34.

PMID- 6574615
TI  - Assignment of the leucocyte group five surface antigens to human chromosome 4.

PMID- 6574617
TI  - HLA antigen frequency in erythema multiforme and in recurrent herpes simplex.
AB  - In this study the HLA antigen frequency was determined in a group of patients
      with erythema multiforme and in a separate group of patients with recurrent
      herpes simplex to establish whether either disease had any antigens whose
      frequency deviated from that of a normal population. The frequency of HLA-B15 was
      significantly increased in both patient groups (P less than 0.5). The increase in
      the erythema multiforme group does not appear to be due to the fact that some of
      the erythema multiforme patients have associated herpes simplex and this increase
      remained significant after further correction for the number of antigens tested.

PMID- 6574616
TI  - Study of a family with Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis. No HLA linkage, but an
      informative recombination between HLA-B and Bf.
AB  - A large family with three children affected with the autosomal recessive disease
      of Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis (CTX) was studied for class I (HLA-A,B,C) and
      class II antigens (HLA-DR,D,SB), properdin factor B and glyoxalase. The extensive
      typing revealed an informative cross-over between HLA-B and Bf, indicating that
      Bf is located centromeric to the HLA-B locus and segregated in this family with
      HLA-D/DR. The parents in this family were first cousins and their parents were
      also first cousins. Three of their four haplotypes share B14, BfS, DR1, Dx and
      SB4 and may be identical by descent. The three affected children carried among
      them all four parental haplotypes, indicating that close linkage of the CTX locus
      to HLA is unlikely.

PMID- 6574618
TI  - HLA-DR and HLA-A, B, C typing of human fetal tissue.
AB  - In anticipation of clinical trials of fetal pancreas transplantation we have
      investigated the feasibility of performing HLA-DR and HLA-A, B, C typing on fetal
      lymphoid cells other than PBL. Using the standard NIH microcytotoxicity test
      modified for HLA-DR typing it was possible to demonstrate HLA-DR antigens on
      subpopulations of bone marrow cells and splenocytes but not on thymocytes or
      hepatocytes. In contrast, HLA-A, B, C antigens could be detected on all four
      tissues. Excellent HLA-DR typing, confirmed by maternal typing, was obtained for
      19 fetuses (14 to 23 weeks old) using bone marrow cells isolated by two-fold
      purification on discontinuous Percoll buoyant density gradients. Similar
      purification of splenocytes resulted in weak reactions with anti-DR sera;
      however, adherent splenocytes recovered from nylon wool columns proved to be
      primarily DR-bearing and also provided excellent DR typing. As a corollary to
      these results, non-adhering splenocytes depleted of DR-bearing cells were ideal
      for HLA-A, B, C typing since spurious reactions due to DR antigens were greatly
      diminished, whereas strong specific reactions were obtained with anti-HLA-A, B, C
      sera. Despite weaker reactions with HLA-A, B, C antisera obtained for thymocytes,
      reliable HLA-A, B, C typing could be obtained when results from thymocytes were
      evaluated together with typing from bone marrow cells or splenocytes. The
      possible benefits of fetal HLA typing for fetal pancreas transplantation are
      discussed.

PMID- 6574619
TI  - Enzymatic modification of the lymphocyte surface. Application to tissue typing
      and rosetting with sheep erythrocytes.
AB  - Lymphocytes were treated with hydrolytic enzymes primarily to assess whether such
      modified cells would give improved cytotoxicity reactions during tissue typing.
      Papain-treated and alpha-chymotrypsin-treated lymphocytes were approximately
      twice as sensitive as untreated cells in the microcytotoxicity test used, and
      this finding might be usefully exploited by immunological laboratories for
      purposes of cross-matching, HLA antibody screening and HLA-DR typing. Trypsin
      treatment promoted massive cell clumping, while neuraminidase treatment was
      responsible for indiscriminate cell death after exposure to rabbit serum. The
      capacity of lymphocytes to form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes was abolished
      after treatment with trypsin or alpha-chymotrypsin, but enhanced by papain or
      neuraminidase.

PMID- 6574620
TI  - HLA-AB and -DR types in patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM).
AB  - The frequency of HLA-A, -B and -DR antigens in 48 infectious mononucleosis (IM)
      patients was studied and the antigen frequencies were compared with those of a
      local panel. The resulting data do not confirm the association of IM and HLA-B35
      as reported in a previous work. A high and significant frequency of blank HLA-DR
      phenotypes was noticed in IM population during the acute phase, but HLA-DR
      phenotypic expression was restored after recovery. This lack of expression could
      be the result of modified HLA-DR expression on circulating EBV infected B
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 6574621
TI  - Histocompatibility antigens in varicocele. A prospective study.

PMID- 6574622
TI  - HLA-A,B and DR antigens in North Carolina Blacks with sarcoidosis.

PMID- 6574623
TI  - [Comparative morphological characteristics of caries-like lesions of the enamel].

PMID- 6574624
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the dental enamel and dentin of the dog].

PMID- 6574625
TI  - [Microscopic changes in the dental pulp and periodontal tissues in the surgical
      treatment of open bite].

PMID- 6574626
TI  - [Corrective effect of ascorbic acid on the status of the sympatho-adrenal system
      in patients with chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis].

PMID- 6574627
TI  - [Unresolved medical technology aspects of rheoperiodontography].

PMID- 6574628
TI  - [Use of local hypothermia in treating disease of the periodontium and oral
      mucosa].

PMID- 6574629
TI  - [Immunoglobulin composition in the venous and capillary blood serum of the
      gingiva and in the mixed saliva of gingivitis and periodontosis patients].

PMID- 6574631
TI  - [Therapeutic procedure in maxillofacial injuries combined with craniocerebral
      trauma].

PMID- 6574630
TI  - [Clinical aspects of cicatricial deformities of the eyelids after deep burns of
      the face].

PMID- 6574632
TI  - [Traumatic osteomyelitis of the mandible and its prevention].

PMID- 6574633
TI  - [Vacuum drainage and local oxygen therapy in treating patients with abscesses and
      phlegmons of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6574634
TI  - [Spontaneous neutrophil rosette formation in washings from the oral cavity in
      patients with various stomatological diseases].

PMID- 6574635
TI  - [Staphylococcal carrier state in dental students].

PMID- 6574636
TI  - [Clinico-morphological characteristics and surgical treatment of cysts of the
      incisive canal].

PMID- 6574637
TI  - [Methods for the conduction anesthesia of areas innervated by the anterior and
      median superior alveolar nerves].

PMID- 6574638
TI  - [Surgical treatment of patients with maxillary prognathism and macrognathia].

PMID- 6574639
TI  - [Periodontal tissues in sagittal bite anomalies in adults].

PMID- 6574640
TI  - [Galvanism in patients wearing dentures made of silver-palladium alloy].

PMID- 6574641
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the distribution of stresses in the periodontium by a
      photoelasticity method].

PMID- 6574643
TI  - [Method of determining the anthropometric points in teleroentgenography of the
      skull].

PMID- 6574642
TI  - [Prosthesis of patients with prognathic bite complicated by partial dentition
      defects].

PMID- 6574644
TI  - [Dental caries in the "dry syndrome" (Sjogren's syndrome)].

PMID- 6574645
TI  - [Use of ketamine in dental interventions in children].

PMID- 6574646
TI  - [Use of thin-walled metal crowns with children].

PMID- 6574647
TI  - [Use of an adaptive bioregulation method for correcting masticatory muscle
      function in the apparatus treatment of maxillodental anomalies in children].

PMID- 6574648
TI  - [Population demand for dentures].

PMID- 6574649
TI  - [New plastic Bakril].

PMID- 6574650
TI  - [Remodent].

PMID- 6574651
TI  - Acute myeloblastic leukemia after adjuvant chemotherapy with melphalan in breast
      cancer. Case report with cytogenetic analysis.
AB  - Therapy of solid and hematologic tumors with alkylating agents appears to
      increase the frequency of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), as indicated by
      the cases reported in the literature. The carcinogenetic mechanism of alkylating
      agents seems related to their ability to damage DNA, and this is supported by the
      findings of multiple cytogenetic abnormalities in these patients. We report a
      case of ANLL secondary to therapy with melphalan, which was utilized on an
      adjuvant basis for breast cancer. ANLL developed 24 months after chemotherapy was
      discontinued. Results of the cytogenetic analysis in our patient showed multiple
      rearrangements and marker chromosomes. Among these was a large metacentric
      chromosome, identified in 6 of 8 karyotypes, in the size range of group A, which
      probably resulted from a translocation t(7;14) (7qter leads to 7p11::14p11 leads
      to 14qter). The natural history of the underlying disease and of the ANLL in our
      patient and data from chromosomal analysis seem to confirm the hypothesis that
      alkylating agents are potentially leukemogenic in man, probably through genetic
      damage. This possibility should be considered when such cytotoxic drugs are used
      in an adjuvant setting.

PMID- 6574652
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin on urethral resistance and micturition.
AB  - The effect of four exogenous prostaglandins, PGA1, PG802, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha,
      upon the lower urinary tract was investigated in female mongrel dogs without
      neurogenic lesions in vivo. The urethral resistance was studied by means of a
      urethral pressure profile, and the bladder function by evaluating whether or not
      the micturition was triggered. The reduction of urethral resistance in terms of
      the maximum urethral closure pressure was most significant with PGE2 given
      intraaterially. Micturition was most frequently provoked by the intravenous
      administration of PG802, a derivative of PGE1. PGE series seemed to be the most
      potent for the evacuation of urine in female dogs.

PMID- 6574653
TI  - [Content of 5-methylcytosine in DNA fractions in normal human leukocytes and in
      chronic leukoses].
AB  - A procedure is described for fractionation of DNA obtained from leukocyte lysates
      of healthy donors and of patients with chronic leukoses using silica gel column
      chromatography. Lymphocytes and granulocytes of healthy donors as well as
      leukocytes from patients with chronic lympho- and myeloleukosis were dissimilar
      in the fractional composition of DNA. Nucleotide composition was studied; content
      of the DNA I fraction varied distinctly both in healthy donor granulocytes and in
      leukocytes of patients with chronic myeloleukosis as well as in leukocytes of
      patients with chronic lympho- and myeloleukosis. All the DNA fractions from
      leukocytes of healthy donors and of patients with chronic leukoses were
      dissimilar also in content of 5-methylcytosine.

PMID- 6574654
TI  - [Characteristics of a control group for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment
      of patients with osteogenic sarcoma].
AB  - An analysis of the data on 273 cases of primary osteogenic sarcoma of long
      tubular bones, treated by surgery only, established a 3-year recurrence-free
      survival in 13.2%. It is suggested that the 3-year survival period in 13% of
      cases be used as a reference point in evaluating other methods of treatment of
      this disease.

PMID- 6574655
TI  - Pain and its pharmacologic manipulation.

PMID- 6574656
TI  - Emergency thyroidectomy for tracheal obstruction.

PMID- 6574657
TI  - The noninvasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease.

PMID- 6574658
TI  - A presumptive nasoalveolar cyst diagnosed and treated with radiopaque packing.

PMID- 6574659
TI  - [Prostaglandin E2--an improvement in the therapy of bladder emptying disorders?].
AB  - 21 patients suffering from bladder motor disturbances were investigated by
      simultaneous pressure-flow studies before and after intravesical application of
      PGE2. The detrusor response as well as the influence on the bladder outlet
      resistance were registered. A remarkable improvement of the detrusor function
      could only be obtained in cases with intact sacral reflex-arcs with isolated
      transitory myogenic disturbances. Neuromyogenic bladder disturbances could not be
      influenced permanently by PGE2 instillations.

PMID- 6574660
TI  - Differentiation of monocytes in vitro as demonstrated by scanning electron
      microscopy: cell defects in childhood acute leukemia.

PMID- 6574661
TI  - Ultrastructural observation on a case of preleukemia transformed to hypogranular
      promyelocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6574662
TI  - A case of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) followed by microgranular type APL.

PMID- 6574663
TI  - A case of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria terminating in erythroleukemia
      after 22 years' observation.

PMID- 6574664
TI  - Smouldering leukemia: cytochemical changes of leukemic cells associated with
      karyotypic evolution in transition to overt leukemia.

PMID- 6574665
TI  - Experience with prostaglandins for therapeutic abortion in Norway. Their need and
      their benefits.
AB  - Since 1977 the number of therapeutic abortions has been decreasing in Norway, a
      trend which is probably due to improved contraceptive practice. The results with
      PGs used for cervical dilatation in late first trimester and induction of
      abortion in the second trimester are reported. Pretreatment overnight or for 3-4
      hours simplified the surgical procedure and Sulprostone (Schering AG) caused
      fewer side effects than 15(S) 15 Me F2 alpha. In the second trimester 15(S) 15 Me
      F2 alpha was administered by different routes and in different doses. 16,16 diMe
      trans delta 2E2 was given only as vaginal suppositories. Side effects were fewer
      by the intraamniotic route than by the other routes. The need for and benefits of
      PGs for therapeutic abortions are discussed.

PMID- 6574666
TI  - Prostaglandins as abortifacients in Denmark.
AB  - Within the last few years intra-amniotic (i.a.) instillation of prostaglandin F2
      alpha (PGF2 alpha) has become the predominant method of second-trimester abortion
      in Denmark. The method is employed by nearly all the gynecological departments,
      where approximately 500 such procedures are carried out annually. Our own
      investigations have demonstrated that it is necessary to be somewhat restrictive
      in the administration of supplementary intravenous infusion of oxytocin. It is
      pointed out, illustrated by four case histories, that there is a potential risk
      of greater or smaller quantities of i.a. PGF2 alpha accidentally passing during
      the procedure to the circulation of the patient. This may result in circulatory
      collapse, among other things, possibly as a result of acute pulmonary
      hypertension. A number of safety measures are suggested to minimize this risk and
      to ensure effective treatment should such complications occur.

PMID- 6574667
TI  - Termination of early pregnancy. Future development.

PMID- 6574668
TI  - Pre-abortion treatment with a single vaginal suppository containing 9-deoxo-16,16
      dimethyl-9-methylene PGE2 in late first and early second trimester pregnancies.
AB  - In the present study the efficacy of a new stable prostaglandin E analogue, 9
      deoxo-16,16-dimethyl-9-methylene-PGE2 (9-methylene-PGE2), administered as a
      single vaginal suppository for preoperative dilatation of the cervical canal was
      evaluated in 382 mainly nulliparous patients. Late first trimester patients
      received either 20 mg 3 hours prior to or 30 mg 12 hours prior to vacuum
      aspiration. Early second-trimester patients received 40 mg of the analogue and
      vacuum aspiration was performed 12 hours later. The degree of cervical dilatation
      was related to the pretreatment time and the dose of 9-methylene-PGE2. However,
      even with 20 mg of the analogue and 3 hours pretreatment time, cervical
      dilatation was adequate in almost 40% of the patients and in the remaining women
      further mechanical dilatation was regularly performed with ease. The frequency of
      gastro-intestinal side effects was significantly lower than that found for
      comparable doses of 15-methyl-PGF2 alpha methyl ester administered by the same
      route. With 20 mg 9-methylene PGE2, side effects were very rare; only 9% of the
      patients experienced occasional episodes of vomiting. Three hours' pretreatment
      with 20 mg of the analogue seems suitable for late first trimester pregnant women
      in whom the abortion is performed on an outpatient basis. For early second
      trimester patients pretreatment with 40 mg 9-methylene-PGE2 for 12 hours followed
      by vacuum aspiration seems to be a better alternative than the two-stage
      procedures in current use.

PMID- 6574669
TI  - The cervix-ripening effect of the prostaglandin E analogue sulprostone, before
      vacuum aspiration in first trimester pregnancy.
AB  - The cervix-ripening effect of the prostaglandin E analogue 16-phenoxy-tetranor
      PGE2 methyl- and sulfonylamide, Sulprostone, was examined in 25 primigravidae and
      19 women who had earlier been pregnant. Three hours before vacuum aspiration of a
      1st trimester conceptus the patients received an i.m. injection of 0.5 mg
      Sulprostone and the cervical dilatation was assessed under general anesthesia by
      means of Hegar dilatators immediately prior to vacuum aspiration. In the
      primigravida group an average cervical dilatation to 7 mm was obtained, compared
      with 5 mm in a control group. Further dilatation occurred easily in 74% of the
      patients, compared with 14% in the control group. In the group of previously
      pregnant women an average cervical dilatation to 8 mm was obtained, compared with
      6 mm in the control group. Further dilatation occurred easily in 86% of the
      patients, compared with 67% in the controls. Routine use of Sulprostone before
      vacuum aspiration of a 1st trimester conceptus is not recommended because of the
      rather high frequency of side effects.

PMID- 6574670
TI  - Induction of abortion by prostaglandins in the second trimester of pregnancy. A
      review.

PMID- 6574671
TI  - Methods for quantitative estimation of prostaglandins.
AB  - For an understanding of the biological role of prostaglandins and related
      compounds, specific and sensitive quantitative methods have to be developed. The
      three most frequently employed methods today are bioassay, gas-liquid
      chromatography combined with mass spectrometry, and radioimmunoassay. The
      advantages and disadvantages of these methods will be discussed. In the approach
      to the prostaglandin assay, a suitable parameter must first be selected, e.g. a
      primary prostaglandin, a metabolite, or a derivative of a prostaglandin compound.
      This parameter must be a compound that is really indicative of the endogenous
      prostaglandin levels, i.e. it must neither be enriched due to artifactual
      production, nor be degraded before analysis. It is also very important that the
      compound selected for analysis has been shown to be related to the biological
      situation under study.

PMID- 6574672
TI  - The use of prostaglandins for termination of abnormal pregnancy.
AB  - Termination of abnormal pregnancy has long been a major gynecological problem.
      Both surgical and non-surgical procedures are associated with a significant risk
      for both minor and major complications. Treatment with natural prostaglandins and
      especially prostaglandin analogues administered by non-invasive routes seems to
      be an attractive alternative to methods in current use. In the present study 68
      consecutive patients with a missed abortion or hydatiform mole were treated with
      vaginal suppositories containing either 15-methyl-PGF2 alpha methyl ester or 9
      deoxo-16,16-dimethyl-9-methylene PGE2. When the uterine size at treatment was 13
      weeks or less, vacuum aspiration was performed 12 hours after start of
      prostaglandin therapy (group I: 41 patients). When the uterus was larger,
      curettage was performed only after abortion (group II: 27 patients). In group I
      approximately 45% of the patients aborted within 12 hours from the start of
      prostaglandin treatment. In the remaining patients the cervical canal was
      sufficiently dilated and the uterus contracted to allow an easy evacuation. In
      group II all patients aborted within 26 hours from start of therapy. No serious
      complications were observed. Both prostaglandin analogues seemed equally
      effective in terminating an abnormal pregnancy. The E analogue has the advantage
      of causing significantly fewer gastro-intestinal side effects than the F
      analogue, though temperature elevation is more common with the former. It may be
      concluded that vaginal administration of prostaglandin analogues is a simple and
      effective therapy for termination of abnormal pregnancy and seems to offer
      considerable advantages over methods in current use.

PMID- 6574673
TI  - The A-rod--a new possibility for cervical dilation and/or induction of uterine
      contractions for abortion or delivery by combined pharmacological and mechanical
      action.
AB  - A hydrogel compound (Sauflex, Special Polymers Ltd., London) which has the
      capacity to swell by absorbing surrounding fluid, was found to be capable of
      absorbing prostaglandins (PGE1, PGF2 alpha) in alcohol or saline during this
      process. After evaporation of the hydratized hydrogelic compound which restored
      its initial proportions and stiffness, rehydratization of the hydrogelic compound
      caused it to release the respective prostaglandin to the surrounding medium or
      tissues. The endocervical canal of first-trimester abortions was dilated by plain
      mechanical action of a rod-shaped hydrogel body (A-rod) inserted in the cervical
      canal. By loading the A-rod with PGF2 alpha (2-110 mg) the cervical canal was
      additionally widened and abortive contractions were elicited in the uterus.
      Further implications of the medical use of the A-rod are discussed.

PMID- 6574674
TI  - Experimental studies on the influence of prostaglandins on the connective tissue
      of the human cervix uteri.
AB  - The influence of prostaglandins (PGs) on the synthesis of collagen and
      proteoglycans in the human cervix was estimated by incubation in vitro of
      cervical biopsy samples in the presence of tritiated amino acids and glucosamine
      after addition of PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. In the follicular phase
      of the menstrual cycle PGs increased the labelling with [3H] glucosamine but
      reduced the labelling with [3H] hydroxyproline, [3H] proline and [3H] glycine.
      Conditions were reversed in the luteal phase. The stable metabolite of PGI2, 6
      keto-PGF1 alpha, had an effect similar to that of the classical PGs. In the early
      period of the first trimester the pattern of PG effects was the same as in the
      luteal phase, i.e. the labelling with [3H] proline was increased and the
      incorporation of [3H] glucosamine was reduced after treatment with PG. At the end
      of the first trimester, PG affected the radiolabelling in an inverse way. It is
      concluded that PGs are involved in the control of the biosynthetic activity of
      the cervical connective tissue. PGs may play a role of modulators, reinforcing or
      accelerating the current biosynthetic activity, and directed mainly by hormonal,
      neuronal and other factors.

PMID- 6574675
TI  - Interaction between PGs and catecholamines on cervical collagen synthesis.
AB  - Specimens from the upper part of the cervix were excised and chopped into 1 mm
      thick slices. These were incubated in buffer containing [3H] proline fortified
      with PGE2 and/or NA and the incorporation into total protein was measured after
      various incubation periods. In certain experiments the slices were preincubated
      with reserpine to deplete the tissue stores of catecholamines. Both PGE2 and NA
      were able to influence the incorporation of [3H] proline in such a way that the
      stimulatory effect of PGE2 was counteracted by reserpine in the luteal phase of
      the cycle, while NA-stimulated incorporation of [3H] proline was inhibited by
      PGE2 in the late follicular phase. Both clinical and experimental studies have
      shown that PGs per se interfere with the biophysical and biochemical properties
      of the cervix. The present results indicate that there also exists an interaction
      between PGs and catecholamines.

PMID- 6574676
TI  - The impact on labor induction of intracervically applied PGE2-gel, related to
      gestational age in patients with an unripe cervix.
AB  - In 54 patients with an unripe cervix in late third trimester, in which
      gestational age had been properly determined by repeated ultrasound scannings,
      labor was induced by intracervical application of 0.5 mg PGE2 in viscous gel. It
      was found that the outcome of the induced labor was not related to the
      gestational duration, but to the pre-inductive cervical score. Thus, the number
      of successful inductions was smaller and induction-delivery time longer, the
      lower the cervical score. Moreover, instrumental deliveries occurred most
      frequently in nulliparous women, with a low pre-inductive cervical score. Taking
      into consideration the difficulties of labor induction in the present type of
      patient, the overall proportion of instrumental deliveries (17%, including 7%
      cesarean sections) was low. No maternal or fetal side effects were observed. It
      is concluded that intracervical application a small dose of PGE2 in gel can be
      recommended for cervical priming and labor induction in pre- and post-term
      pregnancy.

PMID- 6574677
TI  - Labor induction with prostaglandins.
AB  - Prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha have been used for labor induction for more than
      10 years. Many investigations have shown that these prostaglandins are effective,
      and within certain dosage schedules, safe oxytocics, even though the systemic
      administration is accompanied by side effects, mainly from the gastro-intestinal
      tract. Oral PGF2 appears to be the prostaglandin favored in recent years. It
      gives few side effects when administered in this manner. It is concluded from the
      present investigation and a study of the literature that oral PGE2 has certain
      advantages in comparison with other oxytocics for induction of labor at term,
      although it cannot entirely replace intravenous oxytocin. This, together with the
      relatively high cost of oral PGE2, will limit its use in the future for labor
      induction at term in normal cases.

PMID- 6574678
TI  - Low dose i.v. infusion of prostaglandin F2 alpha for induction of labor at term.
AB  - In 100 pregnant women at term, labor was induced for medical reasons by i.v.
      infusion of a low dose of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha). With a dose not
      exceeding 6 micrograms PGF2 alpha/min, all patients were induced into labor. The
      mean induction-delivery time was 6.6 hours and the overall proportion of
      instrumental deliveries was 19%, including 6% cesarean sections. Very few side
      effects were observed. It is concluded that i.v. infusion of prostaglandin F2
      alpha in a low dose regimen might be considered as an alternative to existing
      methods for the induction of labor at term.

PMID- 6574679
TI  - Prostaglandins and uterine contractility.

PMID- 6574680
TI  - Prostaglandins and oviductal function.
AB  - This review presents evidence of a specific involvement of PGs in the function of
      the human Fallopian tube. A role of PGE and PGF in ovum transport seems
      plausible, but data from human studies are still fragmentary. High estrogen
      levels in tissue at ovulation may cause 'tubal lock' by increasing the activity
      of the isthmic musculature. This effect might be exerted by an estrogen-dependent
      increase in the formation of PGF as well as by increased sensitivity to PGF. The
      elevation of progesterone levels in the early luteal phase would counteract the
      effect of estrogens by instead favoring E prostaglandins. PGE seems to relax the
      isthmic muscle, allowing the entry of the fertilized ovum into the uterine
      cavity.

PMID- 6574681
TI  - A study of the in vitro release profile of a new prostaglandin E2 delivery system
      for local administration in obstetrics.
AB  - The in vitro release profile of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from a starch polymer
      hydrogel was studied. Using a diffusion cell apparatus the in vitro release was
      measured in a cumulative manner based on a steady-state diffusion concept. The
      results showed that PGE2 was slowly released for a total of 18 hours. The rate of
      release was constant for up to 2 hours before changing to a lower value for the
      remaining time period. The PGE2-hydrogel showed sustained release characteristics
      which could be of significance in the clinical situation in providing a delayed
      release mechanism.

PMID- 6574682
TI  - The importance of prostaglandins in obstetrics and gynecology. Proceedings of the
      first symposium arranged by the Nordic Prostaglandin Association in Obstetrics
      and Gynecology in Are, Sweden, April 12-16, 1981.

PMID- 6574683
TI  - The effect of a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor on the hormonal profile and
      the endometrium in women.
AB  - A prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, naproxen, was given continuously throughout
      the menstrual cycle at a dose of 250 mg b.i.d. to 10 healthy fertile women. Blood
      samples were drawn three times a week during an earlier control cycle and during
      the treatment cycle and analyzed for LH, FSH, prolactin, estradiol and
      progesterone. Endometrial biopsies were taken in the secretory phase. Naproxen
      treatment did not suppress ovulation in any of the cycles and did not affect the
      corpus luteum function. In only one of the endometrial samples taken was the
      density of the lysosomes increased in the treatment cycle compared with the
      control cycle.

PMID- 6574684
TI  - Conization for preinvasive and early invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

PMID- 6574685
TI  - Percutaneous estrogen therapy. Endometrial response and metabolic effects.
AB  - A hydroalcoholic gel containing estradiol-17 beta (0.6 mg/g) for percutaneous
      application was used for estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women.
      During treatment the serum concentrations of estrogens were significantly
      increased and stable. The conversion of estradiol into estrone was far less
      pronounced after percutaneous vis-a-vis oral therapy. In terms of FSH suppression
      the estrogenic potency of percutaneous estradiol-17 beta 3 mg daily was similar
      to that of oral estradiol-17 beta 2 mg. The serum concentrations of three
      estrogen-sensitive liver proteins--sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), pregnancy
      zone protein (PZP) and ceruloplasmin--were unchanged during percutaneous
      treatment, whereas during oral therapy all three proteins showed a marked
      increase. The endometrial response was quantified by morphometry. The mean
      relative endometrial gland volume increased from 10% to 40% and was correlated to
      serum levels of estradiol-17 beta. Single-cell growth did not reveal the same
      correlation and the sequential addition of lynestrenol, 5 mg daily for ten days,
      did not reduce the estrogen-induced endometrial growth. No obviously harmful
      local effects were observed in skin samples. Topical application of estradiol-17
      beta may develop into an alternative treatment for climacteric complaints and may
      even have some metabolic advantages over oral treatment.

PMID- 6574686
TI  - 133Xenon clearance from amniotic fluid in baboons during administration of
      oxytocin, prostaglandin F2 alpha and a beta-mimetic agent.
AB  - Amniotic fluid clearance of 133xenon was measured in pregnant baboons near term
      during a control period of spontaneous uterine activity and during induction of
      contractions with oxytocin or PGF2 alpha and inhibition of activity by a beta
      adrenergic agent, berotec. There was no significant change in the clearance of
      133xenon from the amniotic fluid during moderate uterine activity induced by
      oxytocin or PGF2 alpha. The clearance rate decreased five-fold during infusion of
      berotec, compared with the control infusion periods, simultaneous with a decrease
      in uterine activity. When the berotec infusion was discontinued, the clearance of
      133xenon immediately returned to the previous level, while the return of uterine
      activity was more gradual.

PMID- 6574687
TI  - Fracture patterns in children. Analysis of 8,682 fractures with special reference
      to incidence, etiology and secular changes in a Swedish urban population 1950
      1979.
AB  - Age, sex, type of fracture and the circumstances causing the injury were studied
      in altogether 8,682 fractures in children, aged 0 - 16, which had occurred 1950,
      1955, 1960, 1965, 1970 and 1975 - 1979. For studies of incidence, the years 1975 
      1979 were chosen and for secular trend studies 1950, 1955, 1960, 1965, 1970 and
      1975 - 1979. The following conclusions may be drawn: 1. The risk of fracture
      increased with age up to age 11 - 12 in girls and 13 - 14 in boys. 2. The
      accumulated risk of fracture was 27 per cent in girls and 42 per cent in boys. 3.
      Fractures were more common in boys of all age groups. 4. Over the last three
      decades the risk of fracture was doubled in boys as well as in girls. 5. Over the
      years more and more fractures were caused by slight trauma whereas the more
      severe trauma - even if increasing somewhat in risk - contributed a smaller
      fraction of the injuries. 6. For the various types of fracture the pattern of
      change could differ - some increased in incidence, whereas some remained
      unchanged or even decreased. 7. All types of trauma - horse riding accidents
      excluded - were more frequent in boys. 8. The most commonly fractured region was
      the distal end of the forearm followed by the phalanges of the hand and the bones
      of the carpal-metacarpal region. 9. Playing, sports and traffic, in that order
      contributed 24, 21 and 12 per cent of those fractures in which the circumstances
      of the accident could be analysed. 10. Traffic accidents increased with one third
      in boys as well as in girls. 11. The passive participants in traffic -
      pedestrians and passengers in motor vehicles - were not more frequently injured
      during the latter part of the period under observation - a tendency of increase
      in girls was compensated for by a decrease in boys. 12. Sports and various
      playing activities as a cause of fracture increased with a factor of five. 13. In
      the upper limb, the left side was most frequently fractured. 14. The occurrence
      of fractures varied with the seasons with peak values in May and August and low
      values in July and December. 15. No fracture type in children could completely
      meet the criteria of a fragility fracture such as seen in old age. 16. Sustaining
      one fracture carried an increased risk of an additional fracture especially in
      the very young children. 17. Fractures not requiring reduction increased the most
      over the years. 18. The subset of children with various diseases suspected to
      interfere with skeletal development carried an increased risk of fracture. 19.
      Some age-related fracture patterns could be traced but they were not very
      distinct.

PMID- 6574688
TI  - HLA antigens in intestinal cow's milk allergy.
AB  - The histocompatibility antigens of one hundred patients with a severe form of
      cow's milk allergy were studied. HLA-A and B locus antigens were identified in
      all patients, C locus antigens in 62 patients and DR locus antigens in 41
      patients. The A, B and C locus antigen frequencies were compared with those of
      healthy blood donors, and DR locus antigen frequencies with those of healthy
      unrelated volunteers and cadaver kidney donors. The series included six patients
      with concomitant coeliac disease, who were treated as a separate group. No
      statistically significant differences between the patients and controls were
      observed, but suggestive differences became apparent when the patient group was
      divided into subgroups according to the presence or absence of certain co
      existing conditions, and the severity of the initially observed intestinal
      lesion. It is concluded that several factors contribute to the pathogenesis of
      intestinal cow's milk allergy, and that in some cases genes linked to the HLA
      region may play a role.

PMID- 6574689
TI  - Sleep-related gonadotropin rhythms in children following treatment of acute
      leukemia: recovery of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis after chemotherapy
      and CNS-irradiation.
AB  - Twelve children (5 girls and 7 boys, between the ages of 6 and 20 years) in
      complete remission from previous ALL who had completed their entire anti-leukemic
      treatment program and who had been off all chemotherapy for at least one year,
      were included in a study of sleep-related prolactin and gonadotropin rhythms. All
      the patients had received prophylactic CNS-irradiation. The patients in early
      puberty showed a sleep-dependent FSH rhythm. Patients in middle-to-late puberty
      had sleep-related FSH and LH rhythms, and estradiol and testosterone plasma
      concentrations were normal for their pubertal stage, suggesting recovery of the
      hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal feedback system. We conclude that the neuro
      endocrine axis is not permanently injured by CNS-irradiation and anti-leukemic
      therapy.

PMID- 6574690
TI  - Cancer registration in Iceland 1955-1974.

PMID- 6574691
TI  - The relationship between urinary prostaglandin excretion rates and urine flow in
      conscious rats. Evaluation of the radioimmunoassay by gas chromatography-mass
      spectrometry.
AB  - In conscious rats prostaglandin E2- and F2 alpha excretion rates increased from
      about 20 to more than 100 pg/min/g kidney weight as urine flow decreased from
      about 10 to below 1 microliter/min/g kidney weight following 24 h of water
      deprivation confirming previous data from surgically prepared rats (Leyssac &
      Christensen 1981 b). There was no difference in this response between rats on a
      normal sodium diet and severely sodium depleted rats. Additional supply of
      polyunsaturated fatty acids in the food did not influence the results. Elevated
      levels of prostaglandin excretion did not correlate with urine osmolality. The
      reliability of the radioimmunoassays used was documented by comparison with
      measurements by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The analysis showed that
      these two methods provide almost identical estimates of urinary PGE2 and PGF2
      alpha content. It is concluded that renal prostaglandin production is activated
      by a negative feedback mechanism as tubular and/or urine flow rate decreases
      towards subnormal values.

PMID- 6574692
TI  - Renal prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxanes (TXs) release induced by bradykinin.

PMID- 6574693
TI  - Increased prostaglandin E2 excretion with oral kallikrein treatment in
      hypertensive and normotensive subjects.

PMID- 6574694
TI  - Interaction of the kinin and prostaglandin systems in mediating renal function
      and intrarenal hemodynamics.
AB  - The roles of the renal kinin and prostaglandin (PG) systems were indirectly
      assessed in conscious rats by inhibition of PG synthesis with indomethacin (INDO)
      and of kinin synthesis with aprotinin (APRO). In control animals APRO and INDO
      had no effect on urine flow, Na and K excretion, GFR, RPF or arterial pressure.
      Both inhibitors, however, significantly depressed renal PG synthesis and deep
      cortical and medullary plasma flow. Acute saline loading was achieved by i.v.
      0.9% NaCl to increase body weight by 10%. APRO and INDO decreased urine flow and
      Na and K excretion to a similar degree which was highly significant as compared
      to saline loading in the absence of APRO or INDO. The decrease in RPF following
      APRO and INDO during saline loading was completely due to a decrease in outer
      cortical perfusion. APRO suppressed the early rise in PGE2 excretion during
      saline loading. The similar effects of inhibition of kinin- and PG-synthesis on
      renal function support the concept that both systems are closely interrelated.
      The present results also suggest that the integrity of the kinin and PG systems
      represents an important prerequisite for appropriate vascular and natriuretic
      responses of the kidney to an acute isotonic saline load.

PMID- 6574695
TI  - Tetrabenazine in the treatment of hyperkinetic movement disorders.

PMID- 6574696
TI  - Detection of leukemic antigens by hypersensitivity assay.
AB  - Leukemic antigens were obtained from organs derived from lymphoblastic leukemia
      by extraction and immunosorption on columns containing anti-human tissue
      immunoglobulins. Guinea pigs were sensitized with these antigens and then
      challenged with the extracts from leukemic or normal organs and with leukemic,
      syphilitic or normal sera via intradermal route. It was noted that about 80% of
      leukemic organ extracts and over 50% of leukemic sera elicited strong dermal
      hypersensitivity reaction in animals sensitized with the immunoadsorbed leukemic
      antigen preparations. Only minor or insignificant reactions were produced by a
      few of syphilitic and normal sera.

PMID- 6574697
TI  - Familial leukemia. HLA system and leukemia predisposition in a family.
AB  - Four cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia occurred in a family comprising 30
      members. Genetic and cytogenetic studies showed a possible linkage between an HLA
      haplotype and the leukemia predisposition that was suggested by site-directed
      chromosome rearrangements in cultured skin fibroblasts. The possession of genetic
      markers, other than HLA types, could not be linked to the occurrence of leukemia
      in the family. These findings suggest that the major histocompatibility complex
      or gene(s) linked to it may have played a part in the pathogenesis of the
      leukemic process in this family.

PMID- 6574698
TI  - Erythroblastic transformation of chronic granulocytic leukemia: a clinical and
      cytogenetic case study.

PMID- 6574699
TI  - "Postinfectious" arthritis. New look at an old concept with particular attention
      to disseminated gonococcal infection.

PMID- 6574700
TI  - Metastatic periosteal osteosarcoma causing cardiac and renal failure.
AB  - The case of a 25-year-old man who had periosteal osteogenic sarcoma with
      intravascular metastases in unusual locations is reported. The patient presented
      with acute renal failure, unilateral pulmonary edema, functional mitral stenosis,
      and low cardiac output. After successful surgical removal of a left atrial
      metastasis with subsequent improvement in cardiac output, renal function improved
      only transiently and urinary output varied markedly. At autopsy, metastatic
      osteogenic sarcoma was discovered within the lumen of the abdominal aorta
      obstructing both renal arteries. The case is the first report of a neoplasm
      metastatic to the aorta causing intermittent bilateral renal arterial
      obstruction; it illustrates the diagnostic difficulties presented by
      intravascular metastatic disease.

PMID- 6574701
TI  - Chromosome heteromorphism analysis in cases of disputed paternity.
AB  - Blood test results, using standard procedures, failed to exclude the alleged
      father as the biological father of a child in a case of disputed paternity. Using
      21 different systems, the probability of exclusion for the man was 98.19%, and
      the probability of paternity was only 93.90% with a paternity index of 15.48.
      Chromosome heteromorphisms of all three individuals were studied. By comparison
      of fluorescent markers of chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22, the child was shown
      to inherit one homologue of each of these chromosomes from the mother, but none
      were like the heteromorphisms of the alleged father. This excluded him as the
      biological father.

PMID- 6574702
TI  - A clinical evaluation of tooth movement along arch wires of two different sizes.
AB  - A clinical study was conducted to compare the amount and rate of movement and the
      tipping of canines retracted on 0.016 inch and 0.020 inch round wire with a
      continuous force of 200 grams and medium-width 0.022 inch by 0.028 inch
      nonangulated Siamese brackets. On one side canines were retracted on 0.016 inch
      wire and on the other side of the same arches, on 0.020 inch wire. Over 10 weeks,
      the mean amount of movement for twenty-one canines on the 0.016 inch wire was
      3.37 mm., and for the twenty-one canines on the 0.020 inch wire it was 2.99 mm.
      The mean rate of movement in twenty-five arches was 1.37 mm. per month on the
      0.016 inch wire and 1.20 mm. per month on the 0.020 inch wire. Over a period of
      10 weeks, the mean amount of tipping for seventeen canines on the 0.016 inch wire
      was 5.3 degrees, and for the seventeen canines on the 0.020 inch wire it was 1.7
      degrees. Since less tipping occurred on the 0.020 inch wire and the rates of
      movement were similar, there appears to be an advantage in retracting canines
      along 0.020 inch round wire rather than on 0.016 inch round wire. It would seem,
      also, that a greater force is not required to slide a tooth bonded or banded with
      an 0.022 by 0.028 inch bracket slot along an 0.020 inch round wire than along an
      0.016 inch round wire as some laboratory studies suggest.

PMID- 6574703
TI  - Primate experiments in malocclusion and bone induction.
AB  - It has been recognized for many years that muscle function influences bone
      formation and morphology. It is hypothesized here that the movement of bone into
      new positions within a muscle system results in rearrangement of the stress
      distribution and reorganization of shape and internal structure. To test the
      above hypothesis, clinical and animal experiments involving the use of posterior
      occlusal bite blocks, Herbst appliances, and temporal and masseter muscle
      stimulation were undertaken. Chronic or continuous alteration in mandibular
      position within the neuromuscular environment with the posterior occlusal bite
      block and the Herbst appliance in a sample of monkeys produced extensive condylar
      remodeling and change in mandibular size. Short periods of induced hyperactivity
      in the masseter and temporal muscles were associated with the production of
      malocclusion symptoms. Excess induced temporal muscle activity of specific
      frequency and intensity may interfere with the remodeling of bone grafts placed
      under the temporal muscle, while a lesser level of activity was associated with
      bone remodeling.

PMID- 6574704
TI  - Stature, head height, and growth of the vertical face.
AB  - Six hundred sixty-three cephalometric radiographs are used in a mixed
      longitudinal sample of fifty-one subjects (twenty-six males and twenty-five
      females) in order to determine patterns of vertical facial change during growth
      and to discern lower, mid-, and upper facial relationships with stature and head
      height. Results indicate that the absolute growth of the face is similar to the
      neural pattern and that throughout growth the face is larger among males than
      among females. However, when facial values are examined relative to stature and
      head height, the vertical face changes at a rate that resembles statural growth.
      Moreover, when relative growth values are standardized in order to reduce scaling
      differences, they indicate that, although relative growth for all three facial
      measures falls between neural and skeletal values, it is closer to the
      postcranial pattern of change than to the neural pattern. In addition, relative
      size of the upper face is highly correlated with relative size of the lower face.
      It is concluded that stature is of greater importance than head height in the
      prediction of vertical facial growth.

PMID- 6574705
TI  - Mandibular adaptations following total maxillary osteotomy in adolescent monkeys.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth and remodeling changes of
      the mandible following superior anterior surgical repositioning (Le Fort I) of
      the maxilla in adolescent Macaca fascicularis monkeys. Eight adolescent monkeys
      served as controls, and seven monkeys underwent surgical procedures. All monkeys
      received tantalum implants on both sides of certain facial bones for stereometric
      and conventional cephalometry. The animals were followed up to 24 months
      postoperatively. Analysis of cephalometric head films taken at monthly intervals
      shows that both the maxillas and the mandibles of the experimental monkeys grew
      harmoniously, although the amount and direction of growth showed significant
      changes compared to the controls. The mandibles of experimental monkeys that
      underwent autorotation immediately following the surgical procedures showed 36 to
      60 percent less growth as measured from condylion to menton, condylion to gonion,
      and gonion to menton. Similarly, the anterior dental-alveolar-symphyseal height
      showed 75 percent less increase as compared to the controls. The results show
      that, although the surgical procedure was performed on the maxilla, the
      mandibular growth showed significant modulation to adapt to the surgically
      changed maxillary environment. The role of occlusion and function is discussed in
      the context of the present findings.

PMID- 6574706
TI  - A simple method for taking natural-head-position cephalograms.
AB  - Standing natural head position is a reproducible, physiologically determined
      aspect of function. Recent studies have demonstrated associations between this
      aspect of function and the form of the skeletodental features, in both growing
      and nongrowing persons. A simple method has been devised which obviates the need
      for multiple radiographs to determine the clinical reliability of the method. The
      device, its construction, and method of use are described.

PMID- 6574707
TI  - Cyclophosphamide-induced temporomandibular synostosis.
AB  - The study of malformations helps toward a better understanding of normal
      development, which is of significance to the orthodontist. Experiments in
      teratology have induced an extensive variety of facial abnormalities, but
      temporomandibular joint (TMJ) synostosis has never been previously reported. Ten
      pregnant female rabbits were treated with a daily injection of 50 mg.
      cyclophosphamide (DNA synthesis inhibitor), from day 11 to day 14, which is the
      period that precedes formation of the face. The control sample comprised five
      female rabbits. The fetuses were obtained by cesarean section on day 28 and
      stained with alizarin. Six of the ten treated female animals produced offspring
      that had TMJ synostosis. The skull with TMJ synostosis showed a retrognathic
      mandibular pattern in relation to the maxilla, and the bony trabeculae in the
      mandibular angle showed a downward orientation instead of the horizontal
      orientation seen in animals without synostosis. The length of the heads was
      significantly smaller in the treatment group than in the control group; within
      the treatment group, the heads with synostosis were significantly smaller than
      those without synostosis. It could be hypothesized that the cyclophosphamide
      might have affected intrinsic factors in the temporomandibular mesenchyma; an
      impairment in the development and function of the mandibular musculature, which
      is a vital factor in joint development and maintenance, might also have
      contributed to the genesis of the malformation. The association of immobilization
      and mandibular hypodevelopment seems to be in agreement with today's theories on
      maxillofacial growth.

PMID- 6574708
TI  - Report of the president's conference on the examination, diagnosis, and
      management of temporomandibular disorders.

PMID- 6574709
TI  - The impact of the American Dental Association's guidelines for the examination,
      diagnosis, and management of temporomandibular disorders on orthodontic practice.

PMID- 6574710
TI  - Orthodontics and benefits for TMJ disorders.

PMID- 6574711
TI  - Hereditary sensory neuropathy. Nociceptive loss and acral mutilation in pointer
      dogs: canine hereditary sensory neuropathy.

PMID- 6574713
TI  - Adult onset of Tourette's syndrome: a case report.
AB  - A 45-year-old man fulfilled all DSM-III criteria for the diagnosis of Gilles de
      la Tourette's syndrome except for early onset of the disease. He first developed
      tics at age 35 and coprolalia at age 40.

PMID- 6574712
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane B2 in cerebrospinal fluid of afebrile and
      febrile cat.
AB  - Levels of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and thromboxane (TX) B2, the stable metabolite of
      TXA2, were measured by radioimmunoassay in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected
      from the third ventricle and the cisterna magna of conscious cats. In the absence
      of fever, PGE2 was usually below the threshold of the assay (0.05-0.37 ng/ml),
      while TXB2 was measurable in the majority of cases and its concentration was
      greater in the third ventricle (about 0.7 ng/ml) than in the cisterna magna
      (about 0.2 ng/ml). At either site, TXB2 content rose if any manipulation was
      required for the collection of samples. PGE2 levels increased to measurable
      values (max 1.1-1.4 ng/ml) during fever produced by intrathecal or intravenous
      administration of leucocytic pyrogen. In contrast, TXB2 concentration rose to an
      average of 2.2-4 ng/ml only when pyrogen (bacterial or leukocytic) was given
      intrathecally. Moreover, TXB2 elevation, unlike PGE2 elevation, was limited to
      the uprise phase of the fever. Imidazole, given either intraperitoneally (50
      mg/kg) or intrathecally (3 mg), attenuated the pyrogen fever and suppressed any
      rise in TXB2 levels. At the same time, the drug tended to increase the PGE2
      content of the CSF. Evidence was also obtained suggesting that a fraction of PGE2
      is bound to CSF protein, and this event may be important to the inactivation of
      the compound. These findings are consistent with the concept that PGE2 is
      involved in the sequence of events underlying pyrogen fever. A role for
      thromboxane A2 in this process remains to be established.

PMID- 6574714
TI  - MAOIs in the treatment of bulimia.

PMID- 6574715
TI  - Neuropsychological study in patients with ALL. Two different CNS prevention
      therapies--cranial irradiation plus IT methotrexate vs. IT methotrexate alone.
AB  - Neurological, psychopedagogic, and psychologic long-term sequelae were evaluated
      in two groups of ALL patients in continuous CR for more than 2 years treated with
      two different CNS prophylaxis schemes. Group A, 19 patients (protocol 10-LLA-72
      GATLA) received cranial irradiation 2400 rads plus IT MTX-DMT, and group B, 23
      patients (protocol 1-LLA-76-GATLA) IT MTX-DMT only during induction and
      maintenance. All the patients were evaluated by performing neurological
      examination, EEG, EMG with nerve conduction velocity, CT scans, CSF studies,
      psychometric and psychologic studies, and neuropsychological evaluation. The most
      important findings were: 11 patients from group A (58%) showed abnormal CT (low
      density areas in the periventricular white matter, widening of subarachnoid
      space, ventricular dilatation, intracerebral calcification) and only one patient
      from group B showed CT abnormalities (p less than 0.0005). The neuropsychologic
      evaluation (performed by L. Bender technique and Picq-Vayer scale) showed more
      severe impairment (grade 3-4) in eight patients from group A (42%) and none in
      group B (p less than 0.001). Higher incidence of abnormalities in group A
      suggests the existence of more severe sequelae in the patients treated with
      cranial irradiation plus IT MTX-DMT than with IT MTX-DMT alone.

PMID- 6574716
TI  - Psychological correlates of compliance.
AB  - A urinary assay (17 kgs/creatinine) was used to measure compliance in 31 acute
      lymphocytic leukemia patients under 15 years of age receiving oral prednisone.
      Demographic data and psychological test responses of patients and their parents
      were correlated with the urinary assays. Results indicated that while the rate of
      compliance was the same for boys and girls, the psychological correlates were
      very different. Parental personality traits and attitudes were more involved with
      boy's compliance than with girl's. Some of the parent variables associated with
      compliance in boys were hostility, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive behavior.
      Parents described compliant boys as vulnerable. These traits usually are
      considered maladaptive but in this case appear to facilitate boy's compliance.
      For girls, far fewer parent variables were associated with compliance. Parents
      seemed to have less worry and concern about their daughters and presumably give
      them the responsibility for their own medication. It was the girl's own anxiety
      which predicted compliance.

PMID- 6574718
TI  - BOC Manley Servovent.

PMID- 6574717
TI  - Anthracycline toxicity.
AB  - Anthracycline compounds are useful agents in cancer therapy. Major toxicities
      include mucositis and other gastrointestinal complications, myelodepression and
      cardiotoxicity. With the current multimodal cancer therapy, anthracycline
      toxicities may be potentiated by radiation treatment or other chemotherapeutic
      agents. The choice of anthracycline, drug combination, and drug schedule should
      be carefully evaluated to minimize toxicity.

PMID- 6574719
TI  - A case report of an unusual disconnection.

PMID- 6574720
TI  - A possible source of error in gas exchange measurements.

PMID- 6574721
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide and extravasation of anthracycline agents.

PMID- 6574722
TI  - [Lesions evoking Sweet's syndrome in acute leukemia: occurring during the stage
      of therapeutic aplasia].
AB  - Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, so called Sweet's Syndrome is a distinct
      dermatological disease defined by constant clinical and histological features:
      Eruption of painful, tender, raised erythematous plaques of face and neck with
      fever. Dense dermal infiltration with mature neutrophil polymorphs. Sweet's
      Syndrome may occur during the course of chronic or acute haematological diseases
      such as chronic myelogenous leukemia or acute non lymphoblastic leukemia. In all
      cases, the counts of Neutrophil Polymorphs were normal or above normal limits. We
      report a case of Sweet's Syndrome occurring during the aplastic period induced by
      the treatment of an acute myelo monocytic leukemia, and discuss the
      responsibility of white blood cells transfusion in genesis of typical
      histological aspect.

PMID- 6574723
TI  - The preleukemic syndrome.
AB  - While the preleukemic syndrome (PLS) is not a homogeneous entity, its spectrum of
      clinical and laboratory findings has been sufficiently characterized to allow
      increasing certainty in its recognition. Approximately 25 percent of these
      patients can be expected to develop overt acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL)
      within an average of two to three years, and another 40 percent will die of non
      leukemic complications usually related to their cytopenias within a similar time
      period. The remaining patients may be stable and survive for prolonged periods.
      Accumulating evidence indicates that in the PLS, a stem cell neoplastic clonal
      proliferation has already been established and may frequently be demonstrated by
      cytogenic analysis or culture of marrow hematopoietic cells.

PMID- 6574724
TI  - [Characteristics of the circular dichroism spectra of liquid crystals formed from
      DNA complexes with antibiotics].
AB  - Compact particles were formed from low molecular DNA in water-salt solutions (0.3
      M NaCl, pH 6.7) containing polyethylene glycol. The DNA molecules in these
      particles were in the mesophase (liquid crystalline) state characterized by an
      intensive negative bond in the circular dichroism (CD) spectrum. Binding of DNA
      to anthracycline antibiotics (daunomycin, aclacynomycin), oligopeptide
      antibiotics (distamycin, nethropcin) and ethidium bromide with subsequent
      formation of liquid crystals from such complexes was accompanied by appearance of
      CD spectra with characteristic features of the respective antibiotic groups. The
      characteristic features of the CD spectra allowed distinguishing various
      antibiotics.

PMID- 6574725
TI  - Intrathecal penetration of N-formimidoyl thienamycin in normal rabbits:
      potentiation by coadministration of renal dipeptidase enzyme inhibitor.
AB  - The intrathecal penetration of N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787) with or without
      coadministration of the renal dipeptidase enzyme inhibitor (MK791) in normal
      rabbits was studied immediately before and after the third dose of 40 mg/kg
      infused intravenously at daily 6-h intervals. Mean +/- standard error peak
      concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid were 0.23 +/- 0.02 and 0.53 +/- 0.12
      micrograms/ml without and with coadministration of MK791, respectively (P less
      than 0.05, Student's t test). Penetration into cerebrospinal fluid (based on the
      ratio of cerebrospinal fluid to plasma area under the concentration-time curves)
      were 4.4 and 6.0%, respectively. N-Formimidoyl thienamycin penetrated uninflamed
      meninges, and peak concentrations were significantly augmented by
      coadministration of MK791.

PMID- 6574726
TI  - Pityriasis rotunda. A cutaneous sign of malignant disease in two patients.
AB  - The term pityriasis rotunda refers to strikingly circular scaly lesions, with the
      histologic appearance of ichthyosis vulgaris. Pityriasis rotunda has been
      described in the Japanese, South African blacks, and West Indian blacks. The
      condition occurs only in association with certain serious systemic illnesses,
      usually tuberculosis, or malignant neoplasms or less severe diseases of the
      female genital tract (eg, fibroids, ovarian cyst). We describe two South African
      blacks with pityriasis rotunda and neoplasms. The cutaneous lesions cleared when
      the primary neoplasm was treated.

PMID- 6574727
TI  - Subcutaneous neutrophilic infiltrates in acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis.
AB  - A patient had an evolving hematologic disorder, accompanied by tender, red,
      subcutaneous nodules. Histologically, there were dense neutrophilic infiltrates
      confined to the subcutaneous adipose tissue. Three months later, a typical
      episode of acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (ND) developed in the patient,
      and she was found to have acute myeloid leukemia. In addition to the dermis, the
      neutrophilic infiltrates of ND occasionally involve the subcutis. As seen in our
      patient, the infiltrates are rarely limited to the subcutaneous tissue.

PMID- 6574728
TI  - Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and acute aplastic anemia. The simultaneous
      occurrence in marital partners.
AB  - A young husband and wife couple presented simultaneously with aplastic anemia and
      acute myelomonocytic leukemia, respectively. No etiologic agent or exposure was
      identified. With appropriate therapy, the wife achieved a complete remission and
      the husband has had a good response. Potential etiologic environmental factors
      known to cause both disorders are discussed. A single causative agent may induce
      stem-cell changes in genetically dissimilar persons and produce a spectrum of
      pathologic features ranging from aplastic anemia to acute leukemia.

PMID- 6574729
TI  - [Adenosine deaminase activity in hemoblastoses].
AB  - The activity of adenosine deaminase was determined in lymphocytes, erythrocytes
      and blood plasma of 73 patients with different haematological malignancies and
      also in healthy control subjects. The enzyme activities were measured using
      adenosine as substrate and by analysis of released ammonia. Statistically
      significant decreased enzyme levels in lymphocytes and partial also in
      erythrocytes were observed in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, Hodgkin's disease
      and multiple myeloma. The lower activities of ADA of these patients may be
      related to the impaired immunological function. In contrast in myeloid leukaemia,
      blast crisis of myeloid leukaemia and in acute leukaemias significant increased
      ADA levels in lymphocytes or blast cells were observed. Between the content of
      blast cells in peripheral blood and ADA activity of the mononuclear cell fraction
      exists a positive correlation. The increased ADA values of blast cells are a sign
      of an elevated purine metabolism.

PMID- 6574730
TI  - Carbon monoxide poisoning with features of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.
AB  - A previously healthy 58-year-old man had severe carbon monoxide poisoning.
      Following a comatose state, tics of the head, coprolalia, fits of shouting, and
      abnormal vocal utterances developed. In addition to the signs of diffuse
      encephalopathy, he had some of the features associated with idiopathic Gilles de
      la Tourette's syndrome. The computed tomographic scan showed ventricular
      enlargement and low-density areas in the basal ganglia.

PMID- 6574731
TI  - An analytical ultrastructural study of the iron-rich surface layer in rat-incisor
      enamel.
AB  - Electron-dense particles, approximately 4 nm (40 A) in diameter were present.
      Evidence is offered that these particles represent iron probably in the form of
      amorphous hydrous ferric hydroxide. From X-ray probe analytical data, it is
      suggested that this iron component is accommodated through the process of
      adsorption rather than by direct substitution of calcium and phosphorus. The iron
      rich surface layer was more resistant to acid etching than subsurface enamel.
      Reported areas of reduced mineral density of enamel at the enamel-dentine
      junction appear to be preparation artifacts.

PMID- 6574732
TI  - A morphological, tracer and cytochemical study of the role of the papillary layer
      of the rat-incisor enamel organ during enamel maturation.
AB  - Thin-section, freeze-fracture, tracer and cytochemical methods showed that
      papillary cells were characterized by the presence of numerous mitochondria and
      microvilli. The cytoplasms contained Golgi apparatus, multivesicular bodies
      (MVB), tubular structures and coated vesicles. In freeze-fracture replicas, some
      tubular structures and vesicles were continuous with the cell surfaces.
      Intravenously-injected horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was rapidly incorporated into
      the papillary cells via coated vesicles and tubular structures. Horseradish
      peroxidase-labelled coated vesicles and tubular structures then fused with
      endocytic vacuoles and MVB. These endocytic vacuoles and MVB showed HRP-labelling
      of various degrees. Acid-phosphatase activity was demonstrated in the Golgi
      apparatus, endocytic vacuoles and MVB of papillary cells. Enzymic activity
      sometimes took place in tubular structures but never occurred in coated vesicles.
      These results indicate that absorptive and digestive activities of papillary
      cells are closely related to loss of organic materials from the enamel matrix
      during enamel maturation.

PMID- 6574733
TI  - Preventive measures in mothers influence the establishment of the bacterium
      Streptococcus mutans in their infants.
AB  - First-time mothers who had a high salivary number of Strep. mutans [greater than
      or equal to 10(6) colony-forming-units (c.f.u.) per ml] were selected. Every
      second mother was given a special preventive programme to reduce her salivary
      level below 3 x 10(5) c.f.u. per ml. Where a reduction of Strep. mutans was
      achieved in the mother, the establishment of Strep. mutans in her infant was
      prevented or delayed. Thus, 28 mothers were successfully treated until their
      infants were 23 months old and only 3 of their infants (11 per cent) were
      infected with Strep. mutans, compared with 17 out of 38 infants in the control
      group (45 per cent). In both groups, the percentage of infected infants increased
      with increasing age, although at all ages fewer infants were infected with Strep.
      mutans in the test group than in the control group. Sixteen infants of
      successfully treated mothers had reached the age of 36 months. Three were
      infected (19 per cent) compared with 17 out of 27 in the control group (63 per
      cent). These findings show that the spread of Strep. mutans can be delayed or
      prevented by measures directed against the main source of infection, an approach
      which is successful in the prevention of other infectious diseases.

PMID- 6574734
TI  - Inhibition by the antimicrobial agent chlorhexidine of acid production and sugar
      transport in oral streptococcal bacteria.
AB  - Oral streptococci transport sugars via the phosphoenolpyruvate-phosphotransferase
      (PEP-PTS) system. In a specific assay of this system, low concentrations of
      chlorhexidine abolished the activity of the glucose and sucrose PTS in batch
      grown cells of Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt and B13, Strep. sanguis NCTC 7865,
      Strep. mitis ATCC 903, Strep. milleri NCTC 10709 and Strep. salivarius NCTC 8606.
      Intact cells and cells made permeable to the assay reagents with toluene were
      used. Toluenized cells were more sensitive to chlorhexidine than intact cells
      (0.09 and 0.25 mM, respectively). This PTS-inhibitory concentration of
      chlorhexidine reduced acid production from glucose in pH fall experiments to
      values higher than are obtained solely from endogenous metabolism. The effect of
      chlorhexidine on rates of acid production was determined at pH 7.0 using cells
      washed with either 135 mM NaCl or 135 mM KCl. In general, faster rates of acid
      production from the metabolism of glucose and sucrose were obtained with
      potassium-treated cells. Addition of the PTS-inhibitory concentration of
      chlorhexidine markedly reduced or totally abolished acid production by NaCl
      treated cells; a greater residual-activity was detected in the same cells washed
      with KCl (except with Strep. mutans B13 and Strep. mitis ATCC 903). The PTS
      inhibitory concentration of chlorhexidine had little or no effect on the
      viability of cells. The results confirm the existence of sugar uptake systems in
      oral streptococci additional to the PTS and provide an explanation for the
      additive anti-caries effect of mouth-rinses containing both fluoride and
      chlorhexidine.

PMID- 6574735
TI  - Colonization of the teeth of rats by human and rodent oral strains of the
      bacterium Actinomyces viscosus.
AB  - The mouths of rats were infected with human and rodent strains of A. viscosus and
      streptomycin-rifamycin-resistant (SR) mutants of these strains. The
      establishment, adherence to the teeth and cell dose required for infection were
      determined. Human and rodent strains established equally well on the teeth and
      did not differ in their initial adherence to teeth. The cell dose required for
      infection was much lower for rodent than for human strains (less than 10(5)
      compared to 10(7) - 10(8) c.f.u.). The SR mutants established as well as their
      parents except for one SR strain, that did not establish at all. Another SR
      mutant appeared to have lost its SR resistance after passage through the animal.
      The results stress the need of in-vivo testing of antibiotic resistant mutants to
      be used in ecological studies.

PMID- 6574737
TI  - Light and electron microscopy of the effects of colchicine and vinblastine on
      maturing rat ameloblasts in vivo.
AB  - Both agents caused loss of ruffled membrane and microtubules. Ruffled membrane
      decreased with time after treatment with vinblastine (4 mg/kg) and almost
      disappeared 8 h after treatment with either colchicine (4 mg/kg) or vinblastine
      (4 mg/kg). In vinblastine-treated animals, the number of microtubules were
      estimated in cross-sections of two regions of both smooth-ended and ruffle-ended
      ameloblasts; one region was distal and the other juxta-nuclear. In smooth-ended
      ameloblasts, microtubules of both the distal and juxta-nuclear cytoplasm almost
      disappeared after 2 h of treatment. In ruffle-ended ameloblasts, microtubules
      decreased in distal cytoplasm between 2 and 8 h; microtubules in the juxta
      nuclear cytoplasm disappeared after 2 h. Both agents caused structural
      alterations and dislocation of cell organelles. The Golgi apparatus, sometimes
      separated into two parts, moved towards the proximal cytoplasm and an unusual
      accumulation of small vesicles was found in the proximal cytoplasm. These
      findings suggest that formation of ruffled membranes is dependent on microtubular
      function.

PMID- 6574736
TI  - In-vivo effects of prostaglandin E1 and lysine-bradykinin on rat salivary
      secretions elicited by parasympathomimetic stimulation.
AB  - Intravenous injections of either prostaglandin E1 or lysine bradykinin (kallidin)
      modified the secretory response of the submandibular, parotid and sublingual
      glands of the rat to intravenous infusions of acetylcholine. The two substances
      caused reductions (of from 16 to 67 per cent) in salivary flow rates when
      administered in concentrations ranging from 10 to 50 micrograms/kg body weight.
      The effect lasted for 20-30 min, followed by a return to pre-injection levels and
      in general, depended on the concentration of the secretory stimulator and on the
      dose of test substance used. In the submandibular and sublingual gland, both
      substances generally caused a concomitant increase in the salivary Na+
      concentrations. This effect depended on the concentrations of acetylcholine and
      of test substance and varied from 10 to 117 per cent. The effect was more marked
      in submandibular saliva. Absolute increases in salivary Na+ concentration were
      not observed in the parotid gland, but the reductions in salivary Na+
      concentrations (from 2.5 to 31.7 per cent) were smaller and did not parallel the
      simultaneous reduction in flow rate, which was between 16.4 and 60.4 per cent. As
      both kinins and prostaglandins are present in the glands and may be activated as
      a result of secretory or metabolic activity, the results suggest that they act as
      modulators of the secretory response to cholinergic stimulation. The divergent
      effects on flow rate and on salivary Na+ concentration suggest that kinins and
      prostaglandins have specific and independent effects on acinar and duct cells.

PMID- 6574738
TI  - Scanning electron microscope observations on the tubule content of freeze
      fractured peripheral vervet monkey dentine (Cercopithecus pygerythrus).
AB  - Pulp tissue in the incisors was fixed in situ by perfusion. Cervical thirds of
      the tooth crowns were excised by sectioning the teeth transversely and
      cryofractured through the long axis of the tooth in a bucco-lingual mid-axial
      plane to expose the dentine from the pulp to the enamel-dentine junction.
      Specimens were freeze-dried and the fracture surfaces examined by scanning
      electron microscopy. Flattened tubular processes were noted protruding from the
      open ends of transversely fractured dentinal tubules in the outer third of the
      dentine. These structures were present in fractured tubules to within 20 microns
      of the enamel-dentine junction. These observations suggest that odontoblast
      processes traverse the full length of dentinal tubules.

PMID- 6574739
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the papillary layer of the rat-incisor enamel
      organ.
AB  - The enamel organ isolated from the maturation zone was treated with hydrochloric
      acid to remove such extracellular materials as collagen fibrils and basal lamina
      covering the papillary layer. Two types of the ridges were classified on the
      basis of their morphology and distribution: (1) globular and irregularly arranged
      ridges at the periphery of the early maturation zone, (2) elliptical and parallel
      ridges in the central part of this zone and over the whole of the late maturation
      zone. The fine surface structures of the ridges were characterized by numerous
      interdigitating cell processes.

PMID- 6574740
TI  - Pathologic quiz case 1: granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma).

PMID- 6574741
TI  - Occlusal splints: a critical assessment of their use in prosthodontics.

PMID- 6574742
TI  - Better restorative dentistry in the eighties.

PMID- 6574743
TI  - Effects of prolonged administration of azathioprine and pilocarpine on parotid
      glands of rats: an assessment by light microscopy and autoradiography.

PMID- 6574744
TI  - Aberrant root canal morphology in a maxillary second molar.

PMID- 6574746
TI  - Basic biology of new developments in biotechnology.

PMID- 6574745
TI  - The use of arthrography in management of temporomandibular joint problems.

PMID- 6574747
TI  - Phenolsulphotransferase in human placenta.

PMID- 6574749
TI  - Variation among dentists in planning treatment.

PMID- 6574748
TI  - Decrease of urinary prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F2 alpha excretion by
      nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in rats. Relationship to anti-inflammatory
      activity.
AB  - An analytical method for measuring in vivo inhibition of prostaglandin (PG)
      synthesis by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was developed for estimation of
      urinary prostaglandin levels in rats. Drugs were administered orally to rats
      (Wistar, male, 200-250 g), and water (2.5 ml/100 g body weight) was given 1 hr
      after drug administration to yield a constant volume of urine. Urine was
      collected for 4 hr after drug administration, and urinary PGE2 and PGF2 alpha
      were determined by radioimmunoassay. The urine volume in the 4-hr period was 5.0
      +/- 0.30 ml per rat, and prostaglandin contents in the 4-hr urine were 4.56 +/-
      0.56 ng PGE2 and 1.31 +/- 0.24 ng PGF2 alpha per rat in the no-drug control
      group. Administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs decreased the
      urinary PGE2 and PGF2 alpha dose dependently. The activities of ten typical
      nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in reducing urinary PGE2 excretion were
      compared with their anti-inflammatory activities in rats. A close correlation (r
      = 0.98, P less than 0.001) between the dose required for 50% reduction of urinary
      PGE2 excretion and the dose required for 50% inhibition of carrageenin edema was
      found for each drug. These drugs were also tested for their inhibitory effects on
      PGE2 biosynthesis in a cultured system of mouse 3T6 fibroblast cells and on
      prostaglandin synthesizing system in bovine seminal vesicle microsomes. No close
      correlation was observed between anti-inflammatory activities and inhibition of
      prostaglandin biosynthesis in vitro.

PMID- 6574750
TI  - Sex ratio of academics in dental schools.

PMID- 6574751
TI  - Pain perception and patient management.

PMID- 6574752
TI  - Caries experience in 11-year-old school girls between 1962 and 1981.

PMID- 6574753
TI  - Restorative dentistry in the hospital service.

PMID- 6574754
TI  - Treatment of the unerupted maxillary canine. Part 2--orthodontic methods.

PMID- 6574756
TI  - A dental radiographic artefact due to residual contrast medium.

PMID- 6574755
TI  - Dental caries experience among Scottish secondary school children in relation to
      dental care.

PMID- 6574757
TI  - Continued development of the dental papilla after the removal of premaxillary
      supernumerary teeth. A report of two cases.

PMID- 6574758
TI  - Metoclopramide-induced masticatory muscle spasm.

PMID- 6574759
TI  - General dental service care in the northern region.

PMID- 6574760
TI  - Antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis.

PMID- 6574761
TI  - Restorative dentistry in the hospital service.

PMID- 6574762
TI  - Oral hygiene.

PMID- 6574763
TI  - Sarcoid gingivitis.

PMID- 6574765
TI  - Smoking and acute ulcerative gingivitis. A study of 100 patients.

PMID- 6574764
TI  - More deadly than the Male?

PMID- 6574766
TI  - The aetiology and psychology of dental fear. A five-year study of the use of
      intravenous diazepam in its management.

PMID- 6574767
TI  - Sex ratio of academics in the dental schools of UK universities.

PMID- 6574768
TI  - Women dentists and retraining.

PMID- 6574770
TI  - A dentists' retainer scheme.

PMID- 6574769
TI  - Finance is for females too!

PMID- 6574771
TI  - Part-time in dentistry.

PMID- 6574772
TI  - Mr Punch and the dentist. A first look.

PMID- 6574773
TI  - Radiation safety.

PMID- 6574774
TI  - Administration of local anaesthetics via the periodontal membrane.

PMID- 6574775
TI  - Anhydrous zinc polycarboxylate cement.

PMID- 6574776
TI  - Oral erythromycin preparations in cardiac prophylaxis.

PMID- 6574777
TI  - Exploring the concept of independent dental hygiene practice.

PMID- 6574778
TI  - Occlusion and restorative dentistry for the general practitioner.

PMID- 6574779
TI  - Removable orthodontic appliance.

PMID- 6574780
TI  - Overdentures in general dental practice. Part 1--The evidence for overdentures.

PMID- 6574781
TI  - The stereophotomicroscope in clinical dentistry.

PMID- 6574782
TI  - Idiopathic oromandibular dystonia causing failure of mouth closure.

PMID- 6574783
TI  - An unusual case of traumatic periodontitis in an infant.

PMID- 6574784
TI  - Treatment of the unerupted maxillary canine. Part 1--Preliminary considerations
      and surgical methods.

PMID- 6574786
TI  - Symposium on periodontal disease. Medical Research Council.

PMID- 6574785
TI  - Dentistry in the Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 6574787
TI  - Prostaglandins in human skin disease.

PMID- 6574788
TI  - Circulating pluripotent haemopoietic cells in patients with myeloproliferative
      disorders.
AB  - Peripheral blood cells of 17 patients with myeloproliferative disorders were
      grown in vitro to form mixed colonies (CFU-mix). CFU-mix were found in four of
      nine patients with chronic phase chronic myelocytic leukaemia (CML) at levels 28-
      to 132-fold higher than the upper limits of normal subjects. These patients also
      had higher than normal levels of circulating granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) and
      erythroid (BFU-E) progenitors. Development of blastic crisis was associated with
      disappearance of CFU-mix from the blood. CFU-mix was detected in the blood of
      three of five patients with polycythaemia vera (PV) and two patients with
      myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM) at levels slightly higher than those
      of normal subjects. Our results are consistent with a clonal expansion of
      multipotent haematopoietic precursor cells in CML and abnormal kinetics of this
      cell in CML, PV and MMM.

PMID- 6574789
TI  - Rates of cholesterol biosynthesis are related to early differentiation in acute
      non-lymphocytic leukaemia cells.
AB  - Cholesterol synthesis from acetate was studied in leukaemic cells from 20
      patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukaemia. Marked differences in the rates of
      cholesterol biosynthesis were noted among three morphologically distinct types of
      leukaemia. As leukaemic cells differentiated along myeloid (acute promyelocytic)
      or monocytoid (acute myelomonocytic) pathways, their cholesterol-synthetic rates
      diverged and approached those of their respective mature cellular counterparts,
      the neutrophil or the peripheral blood monocyte. Enhanced sterol synthesis in
      leukaemic cells could not be explained by more rapid efflux of membrane
      cholesterol to the environment. In addition, the different rates of cholesterol
      biosynthesis in leukaemic-cell subgroups did not correlate with differences in
      their rates of cellular DNA synthesis. The normal divergence of sterol
      synthesizing capacity found between mature neutrophils and monocytes develops at
      an early stage of differentiation and is detectable even in leukaemic cells.

PMID- 6574790
TI  - Maintenance of DNA integrity during murine erythroleukemia cell differentiation
      induced by ethionine and other hypomethylation agents.
AB  - The extent of single-strand nicks in DNA from murine erythroleukemia cells
      induced to differentiate to hemoglobin synthesis in the presence of the
      hypomethylating agent ethionine was estimated and compared to those levels in
      uninduced cells and from cells induced to differentiate upon exposure to
      dimethylsulfoxide or butyrate ion. Although ethionine has been shown to cause
      more extensive hypomethylation in the DNA of induced cells than that caused by
      dimethylsulfoxide or butyrate ion, the frequency of detected single-strand breaks
      in the DNA of uninduced, control cells was not significantly different from that
      of cells exposed to any of these inducing chemicals. This data indicates that no
      correlation exists between DNA hypomethylation and DNA single-strand breaks and
      that unmethylated CpG loci likely do not operate as specific endonuclease
      recognition sites or as potential origins of transcription in these mammalian
      cells.

PMID- 6574791
TI  - Further studies on the bile salt induction of 7 alpha- and 7 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenases in Clostridium absonum.
AB  - Optimal induction of 7 alpha- and 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in 100-ml
      cultures grown to stationary phase was achieved by the addition of metabolizable
      bile salt inducers: chenodeoxycholate, 7-ketolithocholate or cholate at 2.5-3 h
      after inoculation. Bile salt addition prior to or after this period markedly
      reduced the enzyme levels induced. However, when the non-metabolizable inducers
      deoxycholate and 12-ketolithocholate were similarly added, no significant
      differences in enzyme levels were observed between addition at 2.5-3 h or at
      earlier times. The ability of both metabolizable and non-metabolizable bile salts
      to induce the enzymes fell markedly when additions were made later than
      approximately 3.5 h. Kinetic studies using 1-l cultures suggest that in a larger
      culture a somewhat earlier inducer addition period is optimal. When ranked
      according to the level of enzymes induced the order in decreasing induction power
      was: chenodeoxycholate, 7-ketolithocholate, deoxycholate, 12-ketolithocholate and
      cholate. Mixtures of cholate and suboptimal concentrations of deoxycholate
      induced the culture better than the sum of the two concentrations individually.
      The end product, ursodeoxycholate, was very effective in blocking the induction
      by chenodeoxycholate or deoxycholate. Ursocholate (3 alpha, 7 beta, 12 alpha
      trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoate) was less effective. Cultures when grown for 3 h
      with various bile salts or none, then centrifuged and recultured for a further 3
      h in fresh medium containing chenodeoxycholate, all yielded identical enzyme
      levels within experimental error. We conclude that exposure of the organism to
      bile salt inducer in the last 3 h of culture was important, while the history of
      the culture prior to this time was unimportant in the induction process.

PMID- 6574792
TI  - The target sizes of the in situ and solubilized forms of human placental steroid
      sulfatase as measured by radiation inactivation.
AB  - Whole microsomal membrane preparations and Triton X-100-solubilized human
      placental steroid sulfatase were subjected to radiation inactivation analysis
      using gamma rays from a 60Co irradiator in order to assess the size of the
      physiological form of the enzyme. The data indicate that the enzyme exists as a
      monomer of molecular weight 78600 in Triton-containing buffers and as a polymer
      of molecular weight 533000 within the microsomal membrane.

PMID- 6574793
TI  - Copper and zinc inhibit the metabolism of prostaglandin by the human uterus.
AB  - Prostaglandins (PGs) have often been cited as intermediates in the action of the
      inert and copper-bearing intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD). Although
      investigations have shown an effect of copper at high (approx. 1 x 10(-4) mol/l)
      concentrations on PG synthesis, little consideration has been given to the
      possible effects of copper on PG metabolism. In this study the effect of copper
      and zinc ions on PG metabolism by human endometrium and myometrium has been
      investigated using radiolabel techniques together with gas chromatography mass
      spectrometry (GCMS) measurements of metabolites of PGE2. These experiments showed
      that concentration of 1 X 10(-5) mol/l of copper and zinc were sufficient to
      inhibit significantly (P less than 0.01) PGE metabolism. These levels of copper
      are within the physiological range of levels thought to be present in the uterine
      tissue and fluid of wearers of the copper-containing IUD and the inhibition of PG
      metabolism in these women might account for the small but significant decrease in
      the length of the luteal phase of their menstrual cycles.

PMID- 6574794
TI  - Restoration of responsiveness of chronic myeloid leukemia granulocyte-macrophage
      colony-forming cells to growth regulation in vitro following preincubation with
      prostaglandin E.
AB  - The ability to modulate granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit (CFU-GM) Ia
      antigen expression and response to growth inhibition in vitro was investigated in
      normals and patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The hyporesponsiveness
      of CML CFU-GM to inhibition by prostaglandin E and acidic isoferritins in vitro
      and their associated diminished capacity for Ia-antigen expression could be
      reversed following suspension culture of bone marrow cells in the presence of
      prostaglandin E prior to soft agar culture. Suspension preculture with
      prostaglandin E for 24 hr resulted in the detection of a population of CFU-GM
      that were equivalent to normal CFU-GM in both response to inhibition by
      prostaglandin E and acid isoferritins and in their pattern of Ia-antigen
      expression. Cytogenetic analysis of the progeny of CFU-GM proliferating in
      cultures established from marrow cells, cultured directly upon isolation or
      following suspension culture in the absence or presence of prostaglandin E for 24
      hr, indicated that the responding cell population belonged to the Ph1-positive
      leukemic clone. Antigen detection on these CFU-GM resulted both from Ia-antigen
      reexpression and the induction of noncycling cells into S-phase with coincident
      expression of Ia-antigens. These studies provide further evidence for a direct
      regulatory association between Ia-antigen and control of granulocyte-macrophage
      progenitor cell proliferation, offer a possible explanation for the disordered
      regulatory responses observed in patients with CML, and indicate that abnormal
      growth phenotypes can be modulated, at least in vitro.

PMID- 6574795
TI  - Reexpression of normal stem cells in erythroleukemia during remission.
AB  - A patient with erythroleukemia and heterozygous for the Mediterranean variant of
      the X-linked enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was studied to
      determine the number and type of progenitor cells in which the disease arose.
      G6PD mosaicism was assessed by the different rate of utilization of 2-deoxy
      glucose-6-phosphate (2dG6P) by normal and Mediterranean variants of G6PD.
      Erythroleukemia is established as a clonal disease involving a precursor cell
      common to the erythroid and myeloid lines. After intensive chemotherapy,
      restoration of nonmonoclonal hemopoiesis is achieved, as indicated by the
      reappearance of the mosaic phenotype in hemopoietic cell populations.

PMID- 6574796
TI  - Genetic transformation of murine bone marrow cells to methotrexate resistance.
AB  - Genetic transformation of murine bone marrow stem cells to methotrexate
      resistance was achieved using a modified calcium phosphate-DNA coprecipitation
      procedure. Bone marrow cells were transformed by DNA derived from methotrexate
      resistant mouse 3T6 cells. In vivo selection of drug-resistant bone marrow cells
      resulted from thrice weekly injections of methotrexate (MTX) for a period of 6-8
      wk. Following selection, dihydrofolate reductase activity encoded by the donor
      DNA species was easily detectable in extracts of recipient mouse spleens. In
      addition, selection of methotrexate-resistant cells was indicated by the
      persistence of spleen colony-forming units (CFU-S) in drug-treated animals. Also,
      changes in ratios of mixed syngeneic bone marrow cells derived from CBA and
      CBA/T6T6 mice resulted from initial treatment of either cell type with 3T6 DNA.
      These results confirm and extend the observations of Cline and coworkers that
      normal bone marrow cells can be genetically transformed to methotrexate
      resistance.

PMID- 6574798
TI  - Eating attitudes and neurotic symptoms in university students.
AB  - A postal survey of male and female university students is reported, using the
      Eating Attitude Test (EAT) and the Crown Crisp Experiential Index (CCEI). Eleven
      per cent of the 156 female respondents but none of 120 males scored above 30 on
      the EAT, thereby declaring eating attitudes comparable to anorexic subjects. Of
      those interviewed, none fulfilled diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa, but
      half showed eating disorder of clinical severity. There was a clear association
      between high EAT scores and higher scores on all the subscales of the CCEI except
      the phobic scale. The results are discussed in relation to ideas about the
      possible origins of clinical eating disorders.

PMID- 6574797
TI  - Absence of terminal transferase may predict failure of remission induction in
      childhood ALL.
AB  - Two children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), whose lymphoblasts lacked
      terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) by both enzyme and fluorescent
      antibody assay, responded poorly or not at all to vincristine and prednisone.
      Both patients had high presenting white counts and mixed L1-L2 morphology.
      Lymphoblasts from one patient, an adolescent boy with a mediastinal mass,
      possessed surface membrane receptors for sheep red cells (E) and for complement
      (EAC) and had elevated adenosine deaminase activity (ADA). Lymphoblasts from a
      2.5-yr-old boy without a mediastinal mass did not form E or EAC rosettes and did
      not express the la-like antigen or carry surface immunoglobulin. The poor
      response to therapy and absence of TdT were associated with a lymphoblast
      phenotype suggestive of a highly differentiated T-cell-derived line in one
      instance and an undifferentiated cell in the other instance. It is postulated
      that absence of TdT may predict poor therapeutic efficacy of vincristine and
      prednisone in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. The absence of TdT may
      correlate with other developmental characteristics of lymphoblasts, such as
      altered function or low numbers of glucocorticoid receptors or resistance to
      lysis by steroid drugs. Determination of many parameters of lymphoblast phenotype
      at diagnosis to characterize the nature of the malignant cells more precisely may
      ultimately enhance our understanding of, and improve therapy for, the group of
      leukemic children who fail to respond to standard regimens.

PMID- 6574800
TI  - Tracking the tooth fairy: finding the trail.

PMID- 6574799
TI  - The analgesic effects of morphine, but not those of the enkephalinase inhibitor
      thiorphan, are enhanced in arthritic rats.
AB  - The effects of various i.v. doses of morphine (0.1, 0.3 and 1 mg/kg) and of
      thiorphan, an inhibitor of enkephalinase (0.7, 2.5, 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg), were
      studied upon the vocalization threshold to foot pressure in normal rats and rats
      with Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis. The vocalization threshold in arthritic
      rats was, before any injections, significantly lower than in normal rats (mean
      pressure threshold for vocalization: 115.2 g +/- 14.7 (n = 152) for arthritic
      rats vs 182.5 g +/- 21.3 for normal rats (n = 152). The various doses of morphine
      in raising the vocalization threshold were more efficient in arthritic than in
      normal rats (maximum vocalization threshold (% of control) following 1 mg/kg
      morphine = 225.70 +/- 10.21 in arthritic rats vs 140.75 +/- 6.87 in normal rats,
      n = 9 in each case). This effect was dose-dependent, and in every case, naloxone
      reversible. Injected at doses of 5-15 mg/kg, thiorphan increased the vocalization
      threshold (maximum = 223.91% +/- 11.96 in arthritic rats vs 223.30% +/- 5.93 in
      normal rats for 15 mg/kg i.v., n = 9 for each group). This effect was not greater
      in arthritic than in normal rats. The dose of 2.5 mg/kg of thiorphan was
      insufficient. Administered at 0.7 mg/kg, thiorphan significantly decreased the
      vocalization threshold in the arthritic rats only. These effects of thiorphan
      were all naloxone-reversible using doses of naloxone which were one-hundredth of
      those of thiorphan.

PMID- 6574801
TI  - Attorney . . . accountant . . . or consultant?

PMID- 6574802
TI  - Ovarian rhabdomyosarcoma presenting as leukemia. Case report.
AB  - A condition of pure ovarian rhabdomyosarcoma in a 16-year-old female is
      described. The tumor presented with a leukemia-like picture, with extensive
      peripheral blood and bone marrow involvement which led to an initial diagnosis of
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The diagnosis was achieved at autopsy and was
      supported by ultrastructural findings of Z-band-like material and alternating
      thin and thick filaments.

PMID- 6574803
TI  - Pericarditis as presenting manifestation of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in a
      young child.
AB  - A case of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia presenting as pericarditis is reported in
      a five-year-old boy. Initially, a clinical diagnosis of viral pericarditis was
      made, because the child did not demonstrate hematologic or clinical
      manifestations of leukemia. Acute undifferentiated or lymphocytic leukemia. Acute
      undifferentiated or lymphocytic leukemia was diagnosed one week after admission
      when his peripheral blood count became abnormal. The patient did not respond to
      vincristine and prednisone. When cytochemical evaluation indicated acute
      myelomonocytic leukemia, employment of cytosine arabinoside and 6-thioguanine was
      instituted and the child began to improve. Currently, he is still in good
      remission and has no evidence of recurrence of pericarditis, 1 1/2 years after
      his initial presentation. In reviewing the literature, we found 17 patients who
      had leukemic pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade. There are three
      reported cases of young children with pericardial effusion as the initial
      manifestation of acute lymphocytic leukemia, but no reported cases due to
      nonlymphocytic leukemia, as in this child.

PMID- 6574804
TI  - Chronic granulocytic leukemia following radiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - A 33-year-old white man was treated with irradiation for Hodgkin's disease
      involving the mediastinum; four years later he developed typical Philadelphia
      chromosome-positive chronic granulocytic leukemia. The patient has been treated
      with chronic low-dose busulfan to maintain peripheral blood counts in the normal
      range and he continues to remain well 27 years after the initial diagnosis of
      Hodgkin's disease and 23 years following the onset of leukemia.

PMID- 6574805
TI  - Opportunistic mycotic infection caused by Chaetomium in a patient with acute
      leukemia.
AB  - Patients with acute leukemia are susceptible to a variety of opportunistic
      infections. A patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia who developed a Chaetomium
      caused empyema, which may have subsequently contributed to his death is reported.

PMID- 6574806
TI  - Histocompatibility testing in patients with carcinoma of the bladder.
AB  - A number of disease states have been found to have a positive association with
      certain HLA antigens. Weak associations have been described for a number of
      cancers. Seventy patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder
      underwent serotyping for HLA, A, B, C, and DR antigens. There were 54 men and 16
      women patients with a mean age of 65.3 years. Noninvasive lesions (Ta and T1)
      were present in 50 and 20 were invasive (T2, T3, and T4). Low grade tumors (G1
      and G4) were found in 53 and 17 were moderately or poorly differentiated (G3 and
      G4). Gene frequencies for the HLA determinants in the cancer patients were
      compared to those for normal English caucasoids. No significant differences were
      found at either the A, B, C, or DR loci. DR4 was the commonest antigen expressed
      in bladder cancer patients with an allelic frequency of 39% compared to 28% in
      the normal population. The presence or absence of the DR4 antigen was not related
      to the stage or grade of the tumor.

PMID- 6574807
TI  - Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelocytic leukemia in children.
      Survival and prognostic factors.
AB  - The survival and the prognostic significance of the diagnostic characteristics of
      39 children with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelocytic leukemia
      (Ph1-positive CML), seen between 1963-1976 at the Hopital Saint-Louis of Paris,
      have been analyzed. The disease predominated in children older than age 4 years
      (95%), with girls being more affected than boys (24 versus 15). The clinical and
      hematological picture at presentation was similar to that observed in adults with
      Ph1-positive CML. Most children of this series were treated with busulfan which,
      as in adults, led to reduction of leucocytosis and organomegaly but did not
      prevent the occurrence of blastic crisis. Well-documented blastic crisis was
      observed in 78% of cases. Of 39 children, 12 were still alive, all in the chronic
      phase. Twenty-seven have died, 21 of them after blastic crisis, 4-156 months
      after diagnosis (median survival, 53 months). The effect of each diagnostic
      characteristic on survival was evaluated using the log-rank test. Of the 14
      characteristics studied, only the degree of blood and marrow blastosis was
      associated with a shorter survival. Age, sex, bleeding, lymphadenopathy,
      hepatomegaly, degree of splenomegaly, hemoglobin level, total leucocyte, immature
      granulocyte (promyelocytes + myelocytes + metamyelocytes), eosinophil, basophil,
      and platelet counts in the peripheral blood were of no prognostic significance.
      The failure to attain a level of statistical significance for some
      characteristics found to be of prognostic value for adults, could be due to the
      small sample size and/or to the disease homogeneity. The results of this study,
      however, stress the importance of the initial blastic infiltration in determining
      the duration of survival, which is ultimately determined by the occurrence of
      terminal acute leukemia. In conclusion, this study shows that the Ph1-positive
      CML of childhood exhibits the same course, incidence of blastic crisis, and
      survival as the disease of adults. It also indicates that treatment with moderate
      chemotherapy, such as busulfan, has no effect on the duration of survival.
      Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed for the treatment of
      this disorder in children.

PMID- 6574808
TI  - Childhood cancer. Medical costs.
AB  - The financial burden of cancer treatment is a major source of stress for families
      of children with cancer. A previous study demonstrated that out of pocket
      nonmedical costs incurred because of the illness were consuming 26% of the weekly
      budget. A one-month sampling of medical charges were collected for 64 families of
      children undergoing outpatient treatment of cancer. Families of ten patients who
      had died also participated; total cancer center medical charges throughout the
      illness were collected. Monthly charges for living patients varied greatly with
      diagnosis, ranging from $100 to $1800. Total cancer center charges throughout the
      illness for the decreased patients ranged from $8000 to $53,000 (mean, +34,558).
      More than 50% of the charges were incurred in the diagnostic and terminal stages
      of illness. One sign of the hardship endured by the families was the outstanding
      debts to the cancer center long after the patient's death. Medical costs
      constituted an average of 5.8% of the families' weekly budgets. Overall, medical
      costs to the family were found to be much less than the nonmedical costs incurred
      during treatment.

PMID- 6574809
TI  - Hematologic and cytogenetic study of two cases of acute leukemia associated with
      breast cancer.
AB  - The authors present two cases of patients with breast cancer with lymph node
      extension and who both had surgery. As a pancytopenia with hypercellular bone
      marrow was discovered at the same time in the first patient, she received no
      complementary treatment; 4 months later, she presented with an acute lymphocytic
      leukemia (ALL) for which a remission was easily induced, but she died of a
      pulmonary infection. The second patient received local radiotherapy (50 grays)
      and adjuvant chemotherapy (Alkeran for 26 months). Forty-seven months after the
      diagnosis of breast cancer and 16 months after the end of the treatment, an acute
      nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL; M6) was diagnosed after 8 months of a
      preleukemic state. Treatment did not produce any results and death occurred on
      the 17th day. Cytogenetic studies on the bone marrow cells of both patients were
      performed. In the first patient in the ALL phase normal cells coexisted with a 47
      chromosome clone, the extra chromosome being a D (+ 13?). In the second patient,
      several karyotype abnormalities were already present in the preleukemic state and
      also during the acute leukemic phase. No normal mitoses were found; hypodiploidy
      was present as well as major abnormalities such as markers, rings, and, among
      others, the systematic loss of a #5 and a #7. The first patient seems to have
      presented with a de novo ALL, associated with the malignant tumor; whereas, the
      second patient showed all the characteristics of an induced ANLL. The clinical,
      hematologic, and cytogenetic characteristics of these two patients are analyzed
      and compared to those of other cases in the literature.

PMID- 6574810
TI  - Cytogenetic studies of bone marrow and extramedullary tissues and clinical course
      during metamorphosis of chronic myelocytic leukemia.
AB  - Of 33 consecutive patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia, examined during
      metamorphosis, 82% showed chromosome abnormalities in addition to the Ph1.
      Aberrations most frequently encountered were +8 (39%), +22q - (30%), and i(17q)
      (18%). Translocations other than the Ph1 were observed in four cases and - Y
      clones in four cases. Discrepancies in the cytogenetic pattern between bone
      marrow and extramedullary tissues or blood were noted in a total of 15 patients.
      In six cases, transformation occurred in extramedullary organs at a time when it
      was not present in the marrow. In three cases the bone marrow transformation was
      preceded by a lymph node blastic infiltrate; in one case, by a skin infiltrate;
      and in one case, by a subdural blastoma. Clonal abnormalities additional to the
      Ph1 were identified in the tumor tissue from all these cases. Patients with
      primary extramedullary transformation tended to have a lower median age at onset
      of metamorphosis, shorter survival, and higher incidence of chromosome
      abnormalities than the cases without extramedullary involvement. Patients with
      only Ph1-positive cells and no other anomalies had a slightly longer duration of
      metamorphosis and longer total survival. Basophilia and thrombocytopenia were
      more marked in cases with i(17q) than in the rest of the series.

PMID- 6574811
TI  - Monosomy 7 in a girl with Ph1 positive chronic granulocytic leukemia.
AB  - A case is reported of an 11-year-old girl with Ph1-positive chronic granulocytic
      leukemia. Very early in her illness the original 46,XX,t(9:22) cell population in
      the marrow became replaced by a second abnormal cell line, 45,XX,-7. This
      hypodiploid clone then remained dominant in the marrow until her death from
      myeloid blast crisis over 3 years later. It is suggested that the 45,XX,-7 cell
      line may have been induced by chemotherapy, and this possibility is discussed
      with particular reference to similar changes seen in secondary ANLL following
      treatment for lymphomas and other hematological malignancies.

PMID- 6574813
TI  - The translocation 9;11 in acute monoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6574812
TI  - Marker chromosomes in a family with high incidence of cancer.
AB  - Two young sisters presenting with malignant or premalignant conditions inherited
      two marker chromosomes (a 13p- and a 16 with a fragile site at q22). Malignancy
      was reported in the family on both the mother's and father's side. According to
      data from the literature on similar markers and from our personal observations, a
      possible significance may be suggested for these markers. Search for markers must
      be encouraged in families with high incidence of cancer. Eventually, we may find
      markers which will help in understanding the processes of carcinogenesis and
      possibly indicate individuals at risk.

PMID- 6574814
TI  - The psychodynamics of multiple remissions in a patient with acute
      nonlymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6574815
TI  - Specific binding of [3H]phorbol dibutyrate to phorbol diester-responsive and 
      resistant clones of a human myeloid leukemia (KG-1) line 1.
AB  - Phorbol diesters induce macrophage-like differentiation in KG-1 and HL-60 human
      acute myelogenous leukemia cell lines. We developed a cloned subline of KG-1,
      known as KG-1a, that does not differentiate when exposed to phorbol diesters.
      Both KG-1 and KG-1a cells have a single class of specific high-affinity receptors
      for labeled phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate with a mean Kd of 1.47 +/- 0.10 (S.E.) X 10(
      8) M and 0.85 +/- 0.20 X 10(-8) M for the sensitive parental KG-1 line and the
      resistant KG-1a subline, respectively (p less than 0.025). The number of
      [3H]phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate binding sites (mean +/- S.E.) per cell was 3.85 +/-
      0.98 X 10(5) and 3.94 +/- 0.31 X 10(5) on KG-1 and resistant KG-1a cells,
      respectively. We observed no significant decrease of specific binding with time
      (down regulation) in either KG-1, KG-1a, or HL-60 cells, suggesting that down
      regulation of specific phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate binding is not critical to
      induction of differentiation. Our data also confirm that the presence of specific
      high-affinity phorbol receptors on leukemic cells does not assure that phorbol
      diesters can trigger their differentiation.

PMID- 6574816
TI  - Presence of specific binding sites for phorbol ester tumor promoters in human
      epidermal and dermal cells in culture but lack of down regulation in epidermal
      cells.
AB  - The presence of specific binding sites for phorbol esters was demonstrated in
      human epidermal and dermal cells in culture by assay of binding of [3H]phorbol
      12,13-dibutyrate (PDBU) to intact cells. The specificity of the binding was shown
      by displacement of the binding with biologically active tumor promoters, such as
      12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, teleocidin B, and mezerein, but not with
      inactive derivatives. The equilibrium binding data were analyzed by the Scatchard
      method and fitted by a straight line to the model of a single class of binding
      sites. Human epidermal cells bound PDBU with a Kd of 28 nm at 3.7 X 10(6)
      molecules per cell, while human dermal cells bound PDBU with a Kd of 27 nm at 2.1
      X 10(6) molecules per cell. These values were compared with those of epidermal
      and dermal cells of mice. Although mouse cells showed the same affinity as did
      human cells, mouse epidermal cells bound one-third as much as human epidermal
      cells, and mouse dermal cells bound one-fifth as much as human dermal cells. When
      precultured with unlabeled PDBU for 24 hr, [3H]PDBU binding decreased time
      dependently in all cells except human epidermal cells. Thus, the binding of
      phorbol esters to human epidermal cells is unique in that there are a large
      number of binding sites compared with mouse epidermal cells, and there is no down
      regulation.

PMID- 6574817
TI  - Role of whole-body lipids and nitrogen as limiting factors for survival in tumor
      bearing mice with anorexia and cachexia.
AB  - This study was designed to ascertain whether the overall availability of whole
      body lipids and nitrogen is a limiting factor for survival in tumor-bearing mice
      suffering from anorexia and cachexia. Three-month-old nongrowing mice (C57BL/6J)
      were given s.c. transplants of a methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma. Freely fed,
      starved, and pair-fed animals were used. Body and lipid composition, tumor
      growth, and survival time were measured. Freely fed sarcoma-bearing mice died
      with profoundly altered body composition. This was not explained by the anorexia
      assessed in pair-feeding experiments. Starvation had caused a more severe
      depletion in body composition in both tumor-bearing and nontumor-bearing animals
      than the tumor alone did in freely fed tumor-bearing mice. Freely fed tumor
      bearing animals had normal proportions of whole-body triglycerides, cholesterol,
      and polar lipids, but they lost palmitic acid quantitatively more than any other
      fatty acid. It is unlikely that any single fatty acid became limiting during
      tumor growth. The results show that the overall availability of lipids, nitrogen,
      and glucose precursors is not a limiting factor for survival in experimental
      tumor cachexia. Other factors considered to be more likely as determining factors
      for the death of tumor-bearing animals are discussed.

PMID- 6574818
TI  - Characteristics of a calcitonin-responsive cell line derived from a human
      osteosarcoma.
AB  - Although the primary cell type in human osteosarcoma is usually a neoplastic
      osteoblast, numerous other mesenchymal cell types may coexist in the same tumor.
      Previously described cloned, long-term osteosarcoma cell lines have had an
      osteoblastic phenotype. In this report, we describe a nonosteoblastic, long-term
      cell line derived from an osteosarcoma in a patient with Paget's disease. The
      cell line (FM-2) is nontransformed in having a low saturation density and
      anchorage-dependent growth, and it is nontumorigenic in nude mice. Important
      features of its fine structure include numerous elongated mitochondria, abundant
      Golgi and lysosomes, and a poorly developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. The line
      has high levels of lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase and N
      acetylglucosaminidase) and low levels of alkaline phosphatase. It lacks numerous
      macrophage markers (lysozyme, C3, Fc receptors, and M1 antigen). The FM-2 line
      had a dose-dependent cyclic AMP response (7-fold increase) following treatment
      with calcitonin but not with parathormone. In 125I-calcitonin-binding
      experiments, we calculated approximately 5.3 +/- 0.2 X 10(3) receptor sites/cell
      with a kd of 1.8 +/- 0.1 X 10(-9) M. Conditioned medium from the FM-2 line was a
      potent stimulator of calcium release as assayed in a 45Ca-labeled fetal rat bone
      organ culture. This activity was not prostaglandin, vitamin D, parathormone, or
      epidermal growth factor, which are known stimulators of bone resorption. The FM-2
      line does not appear to be derived from an osteoblast, macrophage, or fibroblast
      and may represent a calcitonin-responsive bone stem cell.

PMID- 6574821
TI  - Electrosurgery, the universal modality in dental practice.

PMID- 6574819
TI  - Effects of S-phase-specific agents on granulocyte-macrophage and erythroid
      progenitor cells obtained from normal individuals and from patients with chronic
      myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - The effects of three S-phase-specific agents, [3H]thymidine, hydroxyurea, and 1
      beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, on granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units
      (CFU-C) and erythroid progenitor cells (erythroid burst-forming units) (BFU-E)
      from the bone marrow or peripheral blood obtained from 23 normal individuals and
      12 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia were investigated. CFU-C,
      regardless of their source, showed comparable degrees of sensitivity to each of
      the S-phase-specific agents, with perhaps a slightly greater level of sensitivity
      to [3H]thymidine. In contrast, the sensitivities of chronic myelogenous leukemia
      and normal marrow BFU-E to the 3 agents were quite different, with essentially
      all BFU-E being killed by [3H]thymidine, 50 to 70% being killed by 1-beta-D
      arabinofuranosylcytosine, and only 15 to 20% being killed by hydroxyurea. BFU-E
      present in normal peripheral blood were insensitive to [3H]thymidine or
      hydroxyurea but were sensitive to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. These
      studies demonstrated similarities between the CFU-C and BFU-E of CML patients and
      the CFU-C and BFU-E present in normal bone marrow. On the other hand, the
      sensitivities of normal peripheral blood progenitor cells to "S-phase-specific"
      agents differed from that of CML progenitor cells or the progenitor cells present
      in normal bone marrow. Additionally, these studies have demonstrated the
      limitations inherent in suicide techniques as methods for estimating the cell
      cycle characteristics of clonogenic cells.

PMID- 6574820
TI  - Phase II trial of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

PMID- 6574822
TI  - Centrifugal elutriation of human lymphoid cells: synchronization and separation
      of aneuploid cells into diploid and tetraploid populations.
AB  - Both normal and leukemic human lymphoid cell lines were separated into
      populations corresponding to different positions in the cell cycle by centrifugal
      elutriation. Each population was analyzed for cell concentration, cell volume,
      [3H]thymidine incorporation, percentage S phase by autoradiography, and percent
      G1, S, and G2/M phases by flow cytometry. The smallest cells, collected at the
      lowest flow rate, were in G1 phase. Cells collected at increasing flow rates
      progressively increased in volume and represented distinct positions in the cell
      cycle transition from G1 phase, through S phase, and into G2/M phase. The purity
      of the G1 population varied according to cell load. One hundred percent of cells
      were recovered and cells collected in G1- and S-phase populations proliferated in
      culture with patterns characteristic of synchronized cells. An aneuploidy
      leukemia cell line, CEM, was separated into near-diploid and near-tetraploid
      populations by centrifugal elutriation. This method of cell separation provides
      large numbers of human lymphoid cells at different positions in the cell cycle
      for investigating the relationship between the cell cycle and various surface
      membrane and metabolic properties of cells. Aneuploid leukemia and lymphoma cells
      can be separated by centrifugal elutriation into populations which contain
      different numbers of chromosomes for comparisons of their biologic properties.

PMID- 6574823
TI  - When earthquake strikes . . . you can save lives.

PMID- 6574824
TI  - Medical history: the best insurance.

PMID- 6574825
TI  - Diet and behavior.

PMID- 6574826
TI  - Preparing severely damaged teeth.

PMID- 6574827
TI  - [Importance of genetic markers for psychiatric research].

PMID- 6574828
TI  - A simplified method for determination of daunorubicin, adriamycin, and their
      chief fluorescent metabolites in human plasma by high-pressure liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - A simple method was developed for the routine monitoring of daunorubicin (DR) or
      adriamycin (ADR) and of their chief fluorescent metabolites in plasma of cancer
      patients. The plasma samples were treated with ethanol: hydrochloric acid
      mixture, following which the drug and its metabolites, released to the 40,000 g
      supernatant, were analyzed by HPLC. A mu-bondapak-phenyl column was used and an
      isocratic mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile in 0.1 M ammonium-formate
      buffer at pH 4.0. Average recovery of all the tested compounds within the
      concentration range of 17-3,450 pmol/ml plasma was 108 +/- 5% (mean +/- SD). The
      method was applied to analyses of plasma samples of several patients treated with
      DR or ADR. At 3 h after treatment with a DR dose of 45 mg/m2 or 60 mg/m2,
      daunorubicinol was the major metabolite and its concentrations were 46-270 or 85
      305 pmol/ml, respectively; the unchanged drug was present at concentrations of 16
      99 or 30-101 pmol/ml, respectively. Deoxydaunorubicinolone and
      deoxydaunorubicinone were detected at concentrations ranging from 0 to 89
      pmoles/ml in the plasma of some patients. Plasma of patients treated with ADR (30
      mg/m2) contained adriamycinol as the main detectable metabolite, but at 3 h after
      treatment its concentration was usually lower than that of the unchanged drug (22
      +/- 9 vs 53 +/- 16 pmol/ml). Traces of 7-deoxyaglycones were detected in some
      plasma samples.

PMID- 6574829
TI  - Phenotype of human alpha-interferon producing leucocytes identified by monoclonal
      antibodies.
AB  - Monoclonal antibodies with specificities for subsets of human leucocytes have
      been used for the characterization of alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) producing
      cells. The production of alpha-IFN was demonstrated to be a function of Ia+
      leucocytes. OKT3+ T lymphocytes, BA-1+ B lymphocytes and Leu 7+ natural killer
      (NK) cells did not contribute to the production of alpha-IFN. OKM1+ monocytes
      were essential for the production of alpha-IFN in response to bacterial products
      or leukaemia cells, but were not required for the synthesis of virus- or poly I:C
      induced alpha-IFN. The results indicate that alpha-IFN producing cells represent
      a heterogenous population of cells of the myeloid lineage.

PMID- 6574830
TI  - The incidence and mechanism of transphyseal spread of osteosarcoma of long bones.
AB  - Although the physeal cartilage is considered resistant to invasion by metaphyseal
      osteosarcoma, no objective clinical proof exists to support this view. Fourteen
      cases of osteosarcoma of long bones in patients ranging in age from ten to 19
      years with open physes were reviewed to determine the incidence of transphyseal
      spread. The physeal cartilage was not crossed in only two cases. In the remaining
      12 cases the tumor crossed the cartilaginous plate partially or completely,
      remaining in the epiphysis in seven and crossing the articular cartilage and
      involving the joint in five. Histologic sections showed that increased
      vascularity occurs initially, followed by osteoclastic and chondroclastic
      activity at the physeal plate with subsequent tumor tissue invasion. The
      incidence of transphyseal spread in the three published series (total of 64
      cases, including the present 14 cases) is 81.2%. This is contrary to the often
      published unsupported statements of others. Transphyseal spread of osteosarcoma
      is the rule rather than the exception.

PMID- 6574831
TI  - Busulfan kinetics.
AB  - Busulfan kinetics were studied in patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia after
      oral doses of 2, 4, and 6 mg. The plasma concentration-time data could be fitted
      to a zero-order absorption one-compartment open model. The elimination rate
      constant averaged 0.27 +/- 0.05 hr-1 (SD). The plasma AUC was linearly related to
      the dose. The lag time for the start of absorption, the time absorption ends, and
      the absorption rate constant showed some interindividual variations. About 1% of
      busulfan is excreted unchanged in urine over 24 hr.

PMID- 6574833
TI  - Structures of DNA.

PMID- 6574832
TI  - Right-handed and left-handed DNA: conformational information in genetic material.

PMID- 6574834
TI  - Salt-induced transition between two double-helical forms of oligo (dC-dG).
AB  - The change between a right-handed and a left-handed double-helical structure is
      certainly an extreme example of the conformational variability of DNA. Studying
      the energetics and dynamics with defined oligomers provides a convenient way to
      obtain a quantitative understanding of such processes and can serve as a model
      for possible regulatory mechanisms in biological systems. Monoclonal antibodies
      with different specificities to Z-DNA offer a promising technique to search for
      such structures in more-complicated systems and represent a model system for the
      quantitative investigation of the interaction of proteins with particular
      conformations of DNA.

PMID- 6574835
TI  - DNA formed by reassociation of complementary single-stranded circles from natural
      DNA is shown to contain left- and right-handed double helices.

PMID- 6574836
TI  - Transitions induced by metal complexes among several forms of DNA.

PMID- 6574837
TI  - Alternative description of the transition between B-DNA and Z-DNA.

PMID- 6574838
TI  - Helix geometry and hydration in A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA.

PMID- 6574839
TI  - Electron microscopy of "Z-DNA".

PMID- 6574840
TI  - NMR studies of DNA conformation and dynamics in solution.

PMID- 6574841
TI  - Application of multiple-pulse H-NMR techniques to the study of two synthetic DNA
      decamers.

PMID- 6574842
TI  - Statistical mechanical analysis of competing conformational transitions in
      superhelical DNA.

PMID- 6574843
TI  - Theoretical probes of DNA conformation examining the B leads to Z conformational
      transition.

PMID- 6574844
TI  - Cooperative transitions in DNA with no separation of strands.

PMID- 6574845
TI  - Structural diversity in DNA: from monomer structures to oligonucleotides.

PMID- 6574846
TI  - Computer simulation of DNA double-helix dynamics.

PMID- 6574847
TI  - A bent helix in kinetoplast DNA.

PMID- 6574848
TI  - Some new aspects of actinomycin D-nucleic acid binding.

PMID- 6574849
TI  - Right-handed and left-handed double-helical DNA: structural studies.

PMID- 6574850
TI  - Sharp kink of DNA at psoralen-cross-link site deduced from crystal structure of
      psoralen-thymine monoadduct.

PMID- 6574851
TI  - Solid-phase synthesis of polynucleotides. VIII: A simplified synthesis of
      oligodeoxyribonucleotides.

PMID- 6574852
TI  - Continuous-flow phosphotriester method for solid-phase synthesis of
      oligodeoxyribonucleotides.

PMID- 6574853
TI  - Synthesis and conformational analysis of synthetic DNA fragments.

PMID- 6574854
TI  - Left-handed DNA duplexes.

PMID- 6574855
TI  - Studies of nucleosome structure.

PMID- 6574856
TI  - Structure of nucleosomes, chromatin, and RNA polymerase-promoter complex as
      revealed by DNA-protein cross-linking.

PMID- 6574857
TI  - DNA secondary structures: helices, wrinkles, and junctions.

PMID- 6574858
TI  - Nucleosome-core assembly on B and Z forms of poly[d(G-m5C)].

PMID- 6574859
TI  - Supercoiling and left-handed Z-DNA.

PMID- 6574860
TI  - Sequences of human repetitive DNA, non-alpha-globin genes, and major
      histocompatibility locus genes.

PMID- 6574861
TI  - The mammalian Alu family of dispersed repeats.

PMID- 6574862
TI  - Alu family members in the human alpha-like globin-gene cluster.

PMID- 6574863
TI  - Genome alteration during in vitro and in vivo aging: amplification of
      extrachromosomal circular DNA molecules containing a chromosomal sequence of
      variable repeat frequency.

PMID- 6574864
TI  - Structures of DNA: a summary.

PMID- 6574865
TI  - Structures of DNA.

PMID- 6574866
TI  - Effect of DNA methylation on gene expression.

PMID- 6574867
TI  - Retroviruses and embryogenesis: de novo methylation activity involved in gene
      expression.

PMID- 6574868
TI  - Implications for X-chromosome regulation from studies of human X-chromosome DNA.

PMID- 6574869
TI  - Structure and replication of vaccinia virus telomeres.

PMID- 6574870
TI  - Adenoviral DNA replication: DNA sequences and enzymes required for initiation in
      vitro.

PMID- 6574871
TI  - DNA conformation and transcription initiation of eukaryotic tRNA genes.

PMID- 6574872
TI  - Developmental regulation of Xenopus 5S RNA genes.

PMID- 6574873
TI  - Interaction of eukaryotic class-B transcription factors and chick progesterone
      receptor complex with conalbumin promoter sequences.

PMID- 6574874
TI  - Radiography of the temporomandibular joints individualized and simplified.

PMID- 6574875
TI  - The effect of submerging roots with periodontal defects.

PMID- 6574876
TI  - Gingival grafting for deep-wide recession -- a status report. Part I. Rationale,
      case selection, and root preparation.

PMID- 6574877
TI  - Surgical treatment of the short clinical crown in an area of inadequate
      keratinized gingiva.

PMID- 6574878
TI  - Root resection.

PMID- 6574879
TI  - The effect of ventilation on the accuracy of pulmonary artery and wedge pressure
      measurements.
AB  - A comparison was made of automated versus manual measurement of pulmonary artery
      (PA) and wedge (WP) pressures. The manual pressure measurements were taken at end
      expiration whereas the automated measurements were taken using existing monitor
      and computer algorithms. A total of 40 critical care patients were divided into
      groups according to the ventilatory mode used (spontaneous, intermittent
      mandatory ventilation [IMV], or assist/control). In patients who were breathing
      spontaneously, the automated method underestimated mean PA pressure (MPAP) (p
      less than 0.01), WP (p less than 0.001), and PA diastolic (p less than 0.001)
      pressure but not PA systolic pressure. In patients on IMV, the automated method
      underestimated MPAP (p less than 0.05), WP (p less than 0.001), and PA diastolic
      (p less than 0.001) pressure and overestimated PA systolic pressure (p less than
      0.05). In patients on assist/control, the automated method overestimated WP (p
      less than 0.001) and PA systolic (p less than 0.005) pressure pressure,
      underestimated PA diastolic (p less than 0.001) pressure and did not affect MPAP.
      The error was not affected by respiratory rate, thoracic compliance, or level of
      PEEP. The errors in automated pressure measurements believed to be clinically
      important varied with the ventilatory mode used. Patients breathing spontaneously
      had the largest measurement error, with 42% of these patients having a clinically
      important error in WP and 99% having a clinically important error in PA diastolic
      pressure. Patients on assist/control had the fewest errors in automated pressure
      measurements. In all ventilatory modes used, automated measurement of PA
      diastolic pressure had the largest amount of error.

PMID- 6574880
TI  - Determining pulmonary resistance to gas flow during sinusoidal pressure wave
      mechanical ventilation.
AB  - Standard techniques for measuring pulmonary resistance (RP) to gas flow in
      newborn infants yield results that are widely dispersed and difficult to
      interpret. The purpose of this study is to describe and evaluate a new improved
      method for determining RP which utilizes a sinusoidal pressure wave generator.
      Measurements of respiratory flow rate and transpulmonary pressure were made in
      cats 1) breathing spontaneously, 2) mechanically ventilated with a time-cycled
      pressure-limited ventilator, and 3) mechanically ventilated with a sinusoidal
      pressure wave delivered to the airways. RP values were calculated using 2
      methods: 1) at midinhalation (RPI) and midexhalation (RPE), and 2) at iso-volume
      times during inhalation and exhalation (RP(iso-V)). During spontaneous breathing,
      RP values were 65 +/- 16 (mean +/- SE), 90 +/- 23 and 78 +/- 27 cm H2O/L . sec
      for RPI, RPE, and RP(iso-V), respectively. Mechanical ventilation yielded RP
      values of 35 +/- 4 and 124 +/- 26 cm H2O/L . sec for RPI and RPE, respectively.
      During sinusoidal airway pressure ventilation, standard errors were reduced; PP
      values were 33 +/- 4, 54 +/- 6, and 42 +/- 4 cm H2O/L . sec for RPI, RPE, and
      RP(iso-V), respectively. The use of the sinusoidal pressure wave generator
      smoothed the pressure-flow data and improved the quality of RP determinations.
      Coefficients of variation were reduced by 45%. The methods used are simple to
      apply and may make the determination of RP in ICU patients more practical.

PMID- 6574881
TI  - [A database to serve the clinic].

PMID- 6574882
TI  - [Transcortical anesthesia in current practice].

PMID- 6574883
TI  - [The occlusal plane. Determination and choice in complete denture].

PMID- 6574884
TI  - [Arsenicals, in season again?].

PMID- 6574885
TI  - [Immunologic problems in endodontics and their clinical implications].

PMID- 6574886
TI  - [Ecological therapy of the root canal].

PMID- 6574887
TI  - [Variation in the denture space in totally edentulous patients].

PMID- 6574888
TI  - [Epuloid tumors].

PMID- 6574889
TI  - [Prevention of drug interactions].

PMID- 6574890
TI  - [The tolerance of dental alloys in the oral environment].

PMID- 6574891
TI  - [Ergonomics in endodontics. Cleaning, arrangement and sterilization of canal
      instruments].

PMID- 6574892
TI  - [The dam and asepsis: myth or reality?].

PMID- 6574893
TI  - [Dentistry and hepatitis B. Risks and prevention by vaccine].

PMID- 6574894
TI  - [Viral hepatitis B: professional risk in dental practice. General preventive
      measures to limit the possibilities of infection].

PMID- 6574896
TI  - [Meeting of the Working Group on Maxillary Surgery and Roentgenology, Bad
      Homburg. Proceedings].

PMID- 6574895
TI  - [Fluorides and conservation of teeth in irradiated patients. Results after 10
      years].

PMID- 6574897
TI  - [Prognosis of the support areas in the secondary dentition].

PMID- 6574898
TI  - [Surgical exposure and orthodontic positioning of retained and malpositioned
      canines].

PMID- 6574899
TI  - [Experimental study of the parallelism of milled telescoping primary anchors].

PMID- 6574900
TI  - [Galvanic corrosion of dental alloys].

PMID- 6574901
TI  - [Changes in the "silent period" in repeated rapid movements in maximal
      intercuspation].

PMID- 6574902
TI  - [In vivo study of the solubility and sealing capacity of 3 fixation cements].

PMID- 6574903
TI  - [Epidemiological study of the gingival findings in 9- to 10-year-old
      schoolchildren].

PMID- 6574904
TI  - [New viewpoints in assessing local fluoride application].

PMID- 6574905
TI  - [Fluoride concentration in the saliva after the tray application of jellys with a
      varying amine fluoride content].

PMID- 6574906
TI  - [Cariostatic effect of a toothpaste with a fluoride combination].

PMID- 6574907
TI  - [Observations of mandibular growth after endosseous implantation in the left
      lower 1st and 2d molar region in a 13-year-old girl].

PMID- 6574908
TI  - Induction and expression of mutations at multiple drug-resistance marker loci in
      Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AB  - We have observed quantitative and qualitative differences in the mutability and
      mutagen-specificity of various drug-resistance marker loci in Chinese hamster
      ovary (CHO) cells, which suggest that mammalian gene loci may differ in their
      relative mutability by a given mutagenic agent. We have used the CHO-AT3-2
      multiple-marker mutagenesis assay system to examine the dose-dependent induction
      and kinetics of expression of mutations at four well-characterized, drug
      resistance marker loci, after treatment with chemical agents which produce
      various types of DNA damage. The CHO-AT3-2 subline allows simultaneous
      quantitation and direct comparison of induced mutation frequencies at the hgprt,
      oua (Na+/K+ ATPase), aprt, and tk loci. The agents tested in this study included
      ethyl methanesulfonate, methyl methanesulfonate, mitomycin C, ICR-191,
      benzo[a]pyrene, and dimethylnitrosamine. The expression kinetics and optimal
      expression times for each drug-resistance marker were determined in dose-response
      experiments in which cells from mutagen-treated populations were plated at 1-2
      day intervals over a period of 10 days following mutagenesis. Comparison of
      induced mutation frequencies for each drug-resistance marker after mutagen
      treatments yielding equivalent cell survivals (equitoxic doses resulting in
      relative cell survivals of 0.37) revealed locus-specific differences in the
      relative mutagenicities of the agents tested. These results indicate that the
      apparent mutagenicity of a particular agent at a single genetic locus may not
      necessarily be an accurate indicator of that agent's mutagenic potential for the
      genome as a whole.

PMID- 6574909
TI  - Phytochrome-mediated regulation of two mRNAs, encoded by nuclei and chloroplasts
      of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.
AB  - Etiolated pea seedlings (5 days old) were treated with red light for 5 min and
      grown for 2 days more in darkness. Effects of the red light on the mRNA levels of
      two subunits of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (EC 4.1.1.39)
      (ribulose-P2 carboxylase), rate of enzyme synthesis and accumulation of the
      enzyme were examined for the plants. Increases of the two mRNA levels, encoded in
      nuclei and chloroplasts were observed. Red light followed by far-red light
      treatment for 5 min inhibited the increases. An increase parallel with the mRNA
      levels was found for the rate of the enzyme synthesis and accumulation of the
      enzyme. These results indicate that the induction of two mRNA levels is mediated
      by phytochrome and causes the red-light-inducible, far-red-light-reversible
      increase of ribulose-P2 carboxylase. When white light was irradiated to induce
      the enzyme, the effects of red light given in darkness were reinforced. These
      results indicate that light-induction of ribulose-P2 carboxylase is mediated by
      phytochrome and controlled by the two mRNA levels.

PMID- 6574910
TI  - Anti-prostaglandin and anti-inflammatory short-term efficacy of piroxicam in
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The efficacy of anti-inflammatory agents is related to their concentration in the
      peripheral compartments. In rheumatoid arthritis a drug's affinity for synovial
      tissue and synovial fluid is a decisive factor in treatment. The short-term
      efficacy of piroxicam was studied, relating the synovial concentration of
      prostaglandins and acid phosphatase and LDH to piroxicam synovial and plasma
      levels. After withdrawal of synovial fluid for pre-treatment measurements, 10
      patients received 20 to 30 mg of piroxicam/day for eight days. The drug reached
      an average level of 3.56 +/- 0.9 micrograms/ml in synovial fluid, and 7.73 +/-
      1.6 micrograms/ml in plasma. The acid phosphatase decreased from an initial
      average level of 29 mu/ml to a final average level of 15.999 mu/ml. The LDH
      showed an initial average level of 725.3 mu/ml and a final average of 471.2 mu/ml
      (p less than 0.01). The prostaglandin levels were quantified by two methods:
      indirectly, by measuring the malonilaldehyde concentration in nMol/ml, which
      showed an average level decrease of 48.75% in 100% of the cases; and directly, by
      means of thin layer chromatography and biological assay on rats' gastric fundus,
      against controls. The disappearance of PGE1 and a significant decrease in PGF2
      alpha (100%) were observed. We conclude that piroxicam is an effective drug for
      the short-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It penetrates rheumatoid
      synovial fluid, reaching 50% plasma concentrations. It has an anti-prostaglandin
      action, and could stabilize lysosomal membrane.

PMID- 6574911
TI  - 3rd main meeting of the British Society for Cell Biology. Liverpool, March 28
      31st, 1983. Abstracts.

PMID- 6574912
TI  - Annual meeting of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Zellbiologie: Control of cell
      metabolism by modifications of proteins, DNA and cytoskeleton. Hamburg, 22-25
      March 1983. Abstracts.

PMID- 6574913
TI  - Properties of human natural interferon-producing cells stimulated by tumor cell
      lines.
AB  - Human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes cocultured with WISH human amnion
      cells or K562 tumor cells rapidly produce interferon-alpha (IFN). In the present
      report we characterize the IFN-producing cells (IPC) in this system by cell
      separation procedures, including panning with different monoclonal antibodies.
      Two types of cells which were responsible for the IFN production could be
      identified. The first IPC was classified as monocyte/macrophage because it was
      present in plastic-adherent cells and apparently carried the OKM1 antigenic
      marker. T and B lymphocytes were not involved in the IFN production. The second
      type of IPC was nylon wool-nonadherent, sheep erythrocyte rosette-negative, at
      least partly Fc receptor-negative and resided in light Percoll density gradient
      fractions. The natural killer activity and IFN-producing capacity was studied in
      such cells fractionated by the panning technique, utilizing HNK-1, OKT10 and OKM1
      antibodies. When WISH and K562 were used as IFN inducers, HNK-1+ and OKT10+ cells
      with lytic activity against K562 produced little or no IFN. The IPC were instead
      confined to HNK-1- and OKT10- cells. With cells fractionated with respect to the
      OKM1 antigen, natural killer activity against K562 and WISH cells and IFN
      production stimulated by K562 cells resided in the OKM1+ cells. In marked
      contrast, cells producing IFN in response to WISH cells were OKM1-. The results
      therefore demonstrate a dissociation between natural killer cells against tumor
      cells and IPC stimulated by the same targets, suggesting that for at least
      certain targets/inducers they may represent distinct entities.

PMID- 6574914
TI  - The chemiluminescence response of human natural killer cells. II. Association of
      a decreased response with low natural killer activity.
AB  - Low natural killer (NK) responders selected from a panel of 600 normal, healthy
      volunteers exhibited 5- to 10-fold less cytotoxicity against the human
      erythroleukemic cell line K562, compared with high NK responders. Antibody
      dependent cellular cytotoxicity against tumor cells, which is mediated by similar
      or identical effectors, was also depressed in low NK donors whereas lectin
      dependent T cell killing and monocyte-mediated cytolysis of tumor cells was
      normal. Low NK donors exhibited normal frequencies of cells expressing the HNK-1
      marker of human NK cells and highly enriched NK fractions were not impaired in
      their ability to recognize and bind to NK-sensitive target cells. Interferon
      partially activated low responder NK cells but did not restore the response to
      normal levels. The burst of chemiluminescence that is generated by NK cells
      within seconds of target cell contact was markedly impaired in low NK responder
      donors. We have previously shown that chemiluminescence detects reactive oxygen
      intermediates which are necessary but not sufficient for the activation of the NK
      cytolytic pathway.

PMID- 6574915
TI  - Evidence for a functional cytoprotective effect produced by antacids in the rat
      stomach.
AB  - The fall in potential difference evoked by taurocholate was diminished after
      exposure of the gastric mucosa of rats to aluminium-containing antacids. Other
      parameters of barrier disruption (H+ back diffusion, Na+ influx) exhibited the
      same pattern and correlated with the change in potential difference. This
      cytoprotective-like effect was abolished in animals pretreated with indomethacin.
      Taurocholate significantly diminished the PGE2 content in the gastric mucosa and
      its release into the instillate. The PGE2 content of gastric mucosa and
      instillate of animals pretreated with an aluminium-containing antacid was not
      decreased after exposure to taurocholate.

PMID- 6574916
TI  - Bone regeneration in alveolar bone dehiscences related to orthodontic tooth
      movements.

PMID- 6574917
TI  - Prevalence of mandibular dysfunction and relation between malocclusion and
      mandibular dysfunction in a group of women in Sweden.

PMID- 6574918
TI  - Occlusal anomalies in Finnish students related to age, sex, absent permanent
      teeth and orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 6574919
TI  - The facial profile in advanced hypodontia: a mixed longitudinal study of 141
      children.

PMID- 6574920
TI  - Hypodontia and delayed development of the second premolars in cleft palate
      children.

PMID- 6574921
TI  - An electromyographical study of the effect of a mandibular lipbumper.

PMID- 6574922
TI  - Comparative studies on orthodontic elastic threads.

PMID- 6574923
TI  - Torquing of stainless steel and Nitinol wires. A comparison of mechanical
      properties.

PMID- 6574924
TI  - Orofacial development under adverse conditions.

PMID- 6574925
TI  - Flow cytometric analysis of unbalanced control of protein accumulation and DNA
      synthesis in differentiating mouse myeloid leukemia cells.
AB  - The protein and DNA contents of mouse myeloid leukemia M1 (clone B24) cells were
      determined by flow cytometry (FCM) after double fluorescent staining of the cells
      with fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide. FCM analysis showed that
      there was a linear relationship between the DNA and protein contents in
      logarithmically growing cells, although the protein content showed some
      variation. B24 cells can be induced to differentiate into macrophage-like cells
      by treatment with a protein inducer(s) in conditioned medium (CM) of hamster
      embryo cells. When the cells were treated with various concentrations of CM,
      cells with a 2C DNA content, G1/0 cells, increased and protein accumulated in
      these G1/0 cells. The increases in the number of G1/0 cells and in their protein
      content per cell were proportional to the concentration of CM. Serial analysis of
      changes in the contents of DNA and protein in differentiating B24 cells showed
      that DNA synthesis was suppressed by differentiation-induced block of the cell
      cycle at the G1/0 phase, whereas increase in the protein content was not
      completely suppressed by block of the cell cycle. These results suggest that
      unbalanced control of the DNA and protein contents of B24 cells is involved in
      the mechanisms of the morphological changes during differentiation into
      macrophages.

PMID- 6574926
TI  - Control of cell differentiation during proliferation. I. Monocytic
      differentiation of HL-60 promyelocytes.
AB  - The cell proliferation relating an uncommitted precursor cell to a differentiated
      terminal cell has been quantitated. HL-60 promyelocytes, a bipotent precursor
      cell capable of differentiating along either the myeloid or monocytic pathway,
      were induced by a human lymphocyte-conditioned medium (CM) to differentiate into
      macrophage-like cells. The promyelocytes had a generation time of approx. 42 h.
      Most promyelocytes which differentiated became macrophage-like cells after only
      one cell division. Some, a minority, underwent more than one division. The time
      between induction of differentiation and expression of differentiated
      characteristics could thus be very short. Labelled S-phase promyelocytes could
      differentiate after traversing S. G2 and undergoing mitosis. Some, approx. 21%,
      required a subsequent complete cell cycle before differentiating. The data
      suggest a model in which cells must undergo a S-phase-specific differentiation
      control event in the presence of CM in order to differentiate in the subsequent
      G1 phase. This model proposes that a discrete time in S phase exists when cells
      are susceptible to exogenous regulation directing them to yield differentiated
      daughter cells.

PMID- 6574927
TI  - Murine arylsulfatase C: evidence for two isozymes.
AB  - SWR/J mice possess high arylsulfatase C, estrone sulfatase, and
      dehydroepiandrosterone sulfatase activities in liver, spleen, and kidney compared
      to A/J mice. This interstrain activity variation appears to be determined by at
      least 1 autosomal gene. Murine arylsulfatase C activity occurs in both
      hydrophobic and hydrophilic forms which differ with respect to certain
      biochemical properties and exhibit different subcellular distributions. The
      hydrophilic isozyme is a major component in kidney and brain extracts and a minor
      isozyme in liver and spleen extracts. The hydrophobic arylsulfatase C isozyme
      appears to be identical to steroid sulfatase. The hydrophilic arylsulfatase C
      isozyme does not possess steroid sulfatase activity; however, hydrophilic and
      hydrophobic arylsulfatase C share certain properties, suggesting that they may be
      structurally related. The autosomal gene(s) affects both arylsulfatase isozymes.

PMID- 6574928
TI  - Effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha on the contractile responses of guinea-pig
      ileum to electrical stimulation.

PMID- 6574929
TI  - [Tooth restoration using stainless steel. A new method for the preparation of pin
      crowns].

PMID- 6574931
TI  - Genetics applied to pest control.

PMID- 6574930
TI  - [Combined treatment of precancerous conditions and malignant tumors of the
      maxillofacial region. Technical directives for the stomato-oncologic consultation
      team].

PMID- 6574932
TI  - [Skull-joint relation articulator--assembly using a bite plane].

PMID- 6574933
TI  - [Dust determination study in the dental laboratory].

PMID- 6574934
TI  - [Intelligent economics in the use of dental alloys].

PMID- 6574935
TI  - [Platinum in precious metal dental alloys. Properties and manufacture].

PMID- 6574936
TI  - [Texture studies in metalloceramic systems].

PMID- 6574937
TI  - [Aptitude tests. Apprentice examinations. Masters examinations. How reliable are
      the prognoses?].

PMID- 6574938
TI  - How to survive a tax audit.

PMID- 6574939
TI  - Collection problems? Small claims court may be the answer.

PMID- 6574940
TI  - How to reduce dental staff turnover.

PMID- 6574942
TI  - Strategic scheduling for productivity.

PMID- 6574941
TI  - How to promote your dental practice to the public.

PMID- 6574943
TI  - The dental hygienists as a marketing agent.

PMID- 6574944
TI  - Should dental health professionals encourage the consumption of milk?

PMID- 6574945
TI  - Preparing for the boards.

PMID- 6574946
TI  - Preliminary evaluation of oral lesions: what is this white patch on the buccal
      mucosa?

PMID- 6574947
TI  - Accident prone?

PMID- 6574948
TI  - Immunological classification of acute lymphatic leukemia.

PMID- 6574949
TI  - Multimarker analysis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL):
      heterogeneity of cellular phenotypes and clinical relevance of immunological
      defined ALL subclasses.

PMID- 6574950
TI  - Dysfunctional glucocorticoid receptors in acute leukemia.

PMID- 6574951
TI  - Glucocorticoid-induced lysis of various subsets of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6574952
TI  - Construction and characterization of chromosomal DNA libraries.

PMID- 6574953
TI  - Early events in the suppression of myeloid leukemic cells by biological
      regulators.
AB  - Differentiation of mouse and human myeloid leukemic cells in vitro can be induced
      by some members of the granulocytemacrophage family of colony-stimulating
      factors. In the mouse, the most active molecule (G-CSF) is able to suppress
      leukemic stem cell self-generation in an irreversible, asymmetric process,
      suggesting that the factor permanently modifies newly synthesized one or more
      daughter chromatids in dividing leukemic stem cells.

PMID- 6574955
TI  - Studies of myelopoiesis using monoclonal antibodies and variant lines from the
      promyeloid cell line HL60.

PMID- 6574954
TI  - Myeloid leukemic cell differentiation induced by human postendotoxin serum and
      vitamin analogues.

PMID- 6574956
TI  - Mechanisms for induction of differentiation in the human promyelocytic cell line
      HL-60.

PMID- 6574957
TI  - Differentiation of a human myeloid cell line (HL-60) toward granulocyte- and
      macrophage-like cells: comparison of cell surface antigen expression.

PMID- 6574958
TI  - K 562 cell line in plasma clot diffusion chambers: changes in cell surface
      phenotype in relationship to culture conditions.

PMID- 6574959
TI  - Antigen expression on normal and leukaemic erythroid precursors.

PMID- 6574960
TI  - Hybrids between human cell lines belonging to different hematopoietic pathways:
      analysis of HLA and myeloid surface antigens.

PMID- 6574961
TI  - Natural killer cells and their targets: impact of differentiation on target cell
      susceptibility.

PMID- 6574962
TI  - NK and K cells in malignant lymph nodes.

PMID- 6574963
TI  - [Psychagogy in the dental office - a conversation with the patient].

PMID- 6574964
TI  - [Cerebral palsy in childhood].

PMID- 6574965
TI  - [The mentally handicapped child].

PMID- 6574966
TI  - The persisting capability for vasodilatation in duct-occluded canine pancreatic
      segments.
AB  - The effect of duct-obliteration and duct-obliteration induced fibrosis on the
      capability for vasodilatation of the pancreatic vasculature was investigated in
      dogs. It was demonstrated that the increase of basal blood flow through left
      pancreatic segments, induced by intra-arterial injection of papaverin, remained
      unchanged during 6 months after duct-obliteration. It is concluded that
      impairment of endocrine function of duct-obliterated segmental pancreatic grafts
      cannot be readily explained by a functional impairment of the pancreatic vessels.

PMID- 6574968
TI  - Sero-genetic studies on the Caucasoids of South West Africa/Namibia.
AB  - Gene marker studies on the Afrikaans and German populations of South West
      Africa/Namibia reveal that both very closely resemble their parent European
      stocks but that the Germans show appreciable evidence of having received a
      genetic contribution from non-Caucasoid, probably Khoi or Negro, sources.

PMID- 6574967
TI  - The genetic distances between the inhabitants of nine Mediterranean countries and
      the three major human races.
AB  - Gene frequency data of several genetic markers in 9 Mediterranean countries as
      well as in the 3 major human races were collected from the literature. Using
      these data the genetic distances between the inhabitants of the 9 countries and
      the 3 human races were determined. Algerians are closer to Negroids, while the
      other Mediterraneans are closer to Caucasoids.

PMID- 6574969
TI  - Genetic diversity among the Newars of Nepal.
AB  - Genetic diversity among the Newars of Nepal has been studied using Wright's FST
      and the ratio of observed variance to theoretical variance following Lewontin and
      Krakauer's 1973 method, based on six genetic characteristics. The gene
      differentiation among the Newars is only 1.7%. These observations are further
      corroborated by the results obtained through genetic distance analysis. The
      average heterozygosity per locus is high (ranging from 35 to 42%) for all the
      groups. About 95% of total gene diversity exists within the Newar groups, the
      intergroup components being only about 5%.

PMID- 6574970
TI  - [Prevention of dental caries in Switzerland].

PMID- 6574972
TI  - [Purchase and sale of a dental practice: a reasonable approach].

PMID- 6574971
TI  - [Hepatitis and dentistry].

PMID- 6574973
TI  - [60 randomized observations of treatment of dental calculus with a sodium
      benzoate paste].

PMID- 6574975
TI  - [Early diagnosis of cancers of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6574974
TI  - [Clinical studies of a new local treatment].

PMID- 6574977
TI  - [Personalization of intra-oral mouthpieces in underwater sports].

PMID- 6574976
TI  - [Understanding bioprecursors].

PMID- 6574978
TI  - [Root canal preparation].

PMID- 6574979
TI  - [Preprosthetic surgery: apropos of vestibuloplasty in totally edentulous
      patients, a method adapted for an African setting].

PMID- 6574980
TI  - [Saliva physiopathology. 1: Physiology of salivary secretions (practical ideas)].

PMID- 6574982
TI  - [Saliva physiopathology. 2: Salivary pathology].

PMID- 6574981
TI  - [Biochemistry of the saliva].

PMID- 6574983
TI  - [Salivary secretion disorders].

PMID- 6574984
TI  - [Salivary lithiasis].

PMID- 6574985
TI  - [Sialitis].

PMID- 6574986
TI  - [Penicillins].

PMID- 6574987
TI  - [Incorporation of electronic data processing (EDP) into administration of an
      orthodontic practice].

PMID- 6574988
TI  - [My experience with Mobil-Lock brackets].

PMID- 6574989
TI  - An X-ray machine for use in preclinical laboratories.

PMID- 6574990
TI  - The effect of canal preparation on periapical disease.

PMID- 6574991
TI  - The effectiveness of two disinfectants and their action on the exposed pulp.

PMID- 6574992
TI  - The surgical treatment of fenestrated buccal roots of an upper molar--a case
      report.

PMID- 6574993
TI  - In vitro effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid (Ro 4-3780) and etretinate (Ro 10-9359)
      on DNA synthesis and fine structure of guinea pig and human lymphoid cells.
AB  - In vitro effects of the retinoids 13-cis-retinoic acid (Ro4-3780) and etretinate
      (Ro 10-9359) on DNA synthesis and the fine structure of different guinea pig and
      human lymphoid cells were tested. 13-Cis-retinoic acid caused a dose-dependent
      inhibition of DNA synthesis most prominently in thymocytes. This effect was not
      due to an inhibition of thymidine uptake into the cells. Electron
      microscopically, the cells exhibited swollen Golgi cisternae, enlarged
      mitochondria often with condensed matrix, and an increased number of autophagic
      vacuoles. Etretinate, on the other hand, was without effect on DNA synthesis as
      well as on cell fine structure. The results suggest that the morphological and
      growth-inhibitory effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid are related.

PMID- 6574995
TI  - Preliminary echocardiographic and polygraphic evaluation of cardiac toxicity of
      4'-epi-doxorubicin.
AB  - Data recorded by ECG, poly ECG, and echocardiography in 101 cancer patients
      treated with 4'-epi-doxorubicin are reported and compared with those previously
      obtained in a comparable group of 78 patients treated with doxorubicin. 4'-Epi
      doxorubicin was administered by i.v. route in doses ranging from 50 to 90 mg/m2
      in a three-weekly regimen; the maximum cumulative dose was 630 mg/m2. The results
      obtained demonstrate that this new antitumor anthracycline develops a lower acute
      cardiotoxic effect and suggest that 4'-epi-doxorubicin is endowed with a reduced
      chronic cardiotoxicity as compared to doxorubicin.

PMID- 6574996
TI  - IAO diagnostic forms.

PMID- 6574994
TI  - Cytotoxic action of prostaglandin D2 on mouse neuroblastoma cells.
AB  - Addition to the culture medium of prostaglandin (PG) D2 resulted in the
      degeneration in a dose- and time-dependent manner of N18TG-2 cells cloned from
      mouse neuroblastoma. The ED50 for PGD2-induced cytotoxicity was about 10 microM.
      The degenerative changes were irreversible when the cells were exposed for more
      than 10 h. Scanning and transmission electron microscopic examination revealed
      that treatment with PGD2 resulted in appearance of numerous blebs of various
      sizes along the cell surface and also in destruction of surface membrane and of
      cytoplasmic organelles. Tumor weight of N18TG-2 neuroblastoma inoculated
      subcutaneously on the backs of A/J mice was about 35-70% less than that of
      controls after 14 days of single daily i.p. or s.c. injections of 0.5-1 mg/kg of
      PGD2. The results indicate that PGD2 has growth-inhibitory effects on mouse
      neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo.

PMID- 6574997
TI  - Patients deserve the best.

PMID- 6574998
TI  - Lack of effect of ingestion of vitamin E on lipoprotein-cholesterol fractions in
      healthy adults.

PMID- 6574999
TI  - The role of time-factor and RBE for the induction of osteosarcomas by
      incorporated short-lived bone-seekers.
AB  - In a large series of experiments, fractionated injections of short-lived bone
      seekers have been shown in many cases to cause a remarkable increase of the
      osteosarcoma incidence compared with a single administration of the same total
      skeletal dose. This effect has been observed with both alpha- and beta-emitters.
      In addition the latency period was shortened by protracting the dose. The total
      skeletal doses investigated ranged between 0.9 and 20 Gy for alpha-emitters
      (224Ra and 227Th) and between 28 and 112 Gy for the beta-emitter (177Lu). In all
      cases the protracted dose had higher or at least equal effects when compared with
      a single application. Reference experiments with long-lived alpha- and beta
      emitting bone-seeking nuclides (226Ra and 90Sr) showed that the incidence of
      osteosarcomas per Gy was sometimes lower than that observed when the same
      skeletal dose was applied by protraction of short-lived radionuclides. The
      dependence of osteosarcoma incidence on dose-time distribution, duration of
      internal irradiation, and radiation quality is discussed. In this context the
      possibility that the critical initial dose rate may be related to the initiating
      event within the multi-stage hypothesis of carcinogenesis is considered.

PMID- 6575000
TI  - Statistical analysis of Japanese Thorotrast-administered autopsy cases--1980.
AB  - In 193 cases autopsied between 1945 and 1980, all persons who had been
      intravascularly injected with Thorotrast in life, the authors found 131 malignant
      hepatic tumors, 20 liver cirrhoses, 6 myeloid leukemias, 4 erythroleukemias, 5
      aplastic anemias, 4 lung cancers, 1 mesothelioma and 1 osteosarcoma. The causes
      of death in the Thorotrast-administered autopsy group (193 cases) were compared
      with those of a non-Thorotrast-administered autopsy group (95,000 cases) of the
      same sex and age at death as recorded in the Annals of Japanese Pathological
      Autopsy cases from 1958 to 1978. This comparison revealed that the frequencies of
      malignant hepatic tumors, liver cirrhosis, erythroleukemia, and aplastic anemia
      were significantly higher in the Thorotrast-administered group than in the non
      Thorotrast-administered group.

PMID- 6575001
TI  - Sites of incidence of osteosarcoma in the long bones of man and the beagle.
AB  - Information has been assembled on the frequency of occurrence of osteosarcomas in
      the long bones of groups of beagles irradiated by alpha particles from bone
      seeking radionuclides. These data are compared with measured trabecular surface
      areas in the long bones of a beagle, determined at the Bone Dosimetry Research
      Laboratory, Cookridge Hospital, Leeds. It is shown that, as in the human case,
      the percentage tumour occurrence in a long bone (or in separate thirds of a long
      bone) was linearly related to the corresponding trabecular surface area with a
      high value of the correlation coefficient. For single injections of 226Ra the low
      percentage tumour occurrence in the mid-thirds of the beagle bones was close to
      that found in man. For the surface-seeking radionuclides (239Pu, 228Th) and for
      228Ra much higher percentages of tumours were found in the mid-thirds of the dog
      bones than for 226Ra injection. When, however, 226Ra was given in eight fractions
      with 14 days between each injection, a very high tumour incidence was found in
      the mid-thirds of the beagle long bones. These results are discussed in the light
      of dosimetric and other relevant factors.

PMID- 6575002
TI  - Leukaemia incidence in the U.S. dial workers.
AB  - Late biological effects of radium deposited in the human skeleton have manifested
      themselves unequivocally as osteogenic sarcomas or carcinomas of the mastoid air
      cells or paranasal sinuses. On the basis of current estimated risk factors, it
      might be expected that an excess of certain other malignancies could occur in a
      population of the size of the group exposed to radium (some 3500 cases located,
      which more than 2000 have measured 226Ra and 228Ra burdens), compared with the
      incidence in the population at large. An increased incidence of breast cancer has
      already been reported in female dial workers and it was related to the initial
      radium intake. On the other hand, very little information is available on the
      induction of leukaemia by alpha-radiation in human bone marrow. This paper
      therefore reports an investigation of the incidence of leukaemia among the radium
      workers. This covers a very wide range of radium burdens and has been done in the
      light of reasonable estimates of the mean alpha-particle dose received by the
      skeletal haemopoietic marrow. The number of leukaemia cases is identified and
      compared with (a) the expected number in a comparable population of the same size
      and age distribution and (b) predictions based on the risk factor proposed for
      protection purposes by the ICRP and on the estimated bone marrow doses.

PMID- 6575003
TI  - High-frequency jet ventilation: a nursing perspective.

PMID- 6575005
TI  - Adaptation to overeating in lean and overweight men and women.
AB  - In groups of four, men and women in their 40s and 50s, some of them lean and some
      overweight, overate for 30 d by 1000 kcal/d (4186 kJ/d) more than they needed to
      maintain weight. On an average dietary mixture for Americans they gained a mean
      of 2.68 kg, and on a diet high in carbohydrate (60 per cent of energy) they
      gained 2.73 kg. However, on a diet high in protein and fat (70 per cent of
      energy), they gained significantly less, 1.75 kg. On all three diets the subjects
      should have gained 5 kg, if adipose tissue has an energy density of 6 kcal/g, and
      had there been no adaptation. There was adaptation, as evidenced by an average 7
      per cent increase in thermogenesis, which was measured by 24-h direct and
      indirect calorimetry. Energy balances were calculated from: bomb calorimeter
      values for food and body waste; change in fuel stores from body composition
      measured by densitometry; and daily expenditure estimated from the net food
      intake needed to maintain body weight during a 30-d control period. During
      overeating, energy intake matched energy losses (including fuel storage) for the
      average diet and the high-carbohydrate diet, but on the diet high in protein and
      fat energy intake exceeded losses by more than 500 kcal/d (2093 kJ/d). Thus
      smaller than expected weight gains from overeating (luxuskonsumption) were
      largely explained by increased thermogenesis, except when the diet was high in
      protein and fat. Lean and overweight subjects did not differ in weight gain, loss
      of energy in urine and faeces, or thermogenesis from overeating.

PMID- 6575004
TI  - [The cerebral lesions in congenital toxoplasmosis. Study of 9 personal cases and
      61 cases in the literature].
AB  - This study is a review of 70 cases of congenital toxoplasmosis; all of the
      patients were dead between birth and the age of nine. The anatomo-pathological
      examination of 9 personal cases (6 acute, 1 subacute, 2 chronic) is presented and
      compared with that of 61 cases from the literature. After a parasitological
      survey concerning the infectious agent, the author summarizes the macroscopic and
      the microscopic lesions of his personal cases. Those data are subsequently
      confronted to those referred to in the literature. The author makes an attempt to
      entangle the terminological confusion that exists between the different terms:
      cyst, pseudocyst, microglial nodule and granuloma. The frequency, the
      localization and the mechanisms of the main alterations - granuloma, necrosis,
      calcification, hydrocephaly - are studied as well as the vulnerability factors
      and the resistance of the subjects. The presence in 8 of the 9 chronic cases of
      calcified scar lesions in the inferior portion of the external wall of the
      lateral ventricles suggests a particular vulnerability of the spongioblasts in
      that area. In the acute cases the extensive necroses in the cerebral hemispheres
      seem to result from immunological reactions in an immature organism rather than
      from vascular thromboses that appear to be more a secondary phenomenon.

PMID- 6575006
TI  - L-asparaginase-induced coagulation abnormalities: report of a case.

PMID- 6575008
TI  - Ritalin and ESP: a pilot study.

PMID- 6575007
TI  - Growth pattern of tumor xenografts in Wistar rats after treatment with
      cyclophosphamide, total lymphoid irradiation and/or cyclosporin A.
AB  - Wistar rats treated with cyclophosphamide, total lymphoid irradiation (TLI),
      and/or cyclosporin A (CSA) develop a state of immune suppression permitting the
      growth of tumor xenografts. Experiments were carried out on this newly developed
      model to investigate the growth patterns of a mouse osteosarcoma and a human
      colon adenocarcinoma. The combination of cyclophosphamide and CSA permitted a
      limited period of growth of the mouse osteosarcoma with a tumor take rate of 66%.
      No takes were observed with the human adenocarcinoma. The combination of
      cyclophosphamide and TLI resulted in a period of immunosuppression followed by
      recovery of the immune status. During the period of immunosuppression, tumor
      xenografts showed a 100% take rate. The most efficient immunosuppression was
      achieved by a combination of cyclophosphamide, TLI and CSA administered on
      alternate days. Wistar rats subjected to this treatment showed prolonged
      tolerance to mouse osteosarcoma and human adenocarcinoma xenografts. There was no
      alteration in the tumor doubling time or histological morphology of the
      xenografts in the adapted host as compared with those in the donor tumors. The
      tumor growth curve showed a pattern of initial growth, a period of stagnation,
      followed by a steady but slower growth phase. The significance of the results and
      the advantages of the rat model described in this paper for human tumor
      xenotransplantation are discussed.

PMID- 6575009
TI  - A luteolytic interaction between estradiol benzoate and prostaglandin F2 alpha in
      cattle.
AB  - A possible luteolytic interaction between prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and
      estradiol benzoate (E2B) in cattle was investigated by randomly assigning 20
      heifers to one of four groups of a 2 x 2 factorially designed experiment. The
      treatments for the groups consisted of im administration of: 1) 200 micrograms of
      E2B, given twice daily on d 10, 11 and 12 of the estrous cycle plus 7 mg PGF2
      alpha, given at a separate site, but concurrently with the last injection of E2B;
      2) the vehicles for E2B (sesame oil) and PGF2 alpha (saline); 3) E2B and saline
      and 4) sesame oil and PGF2 alpha. Administration of both E2B and 7 mg PGF2 alpha
      resulted in luteolysis as evidenced by a shorter mean length of the estrous cycle
      (P less than .05) when compared with the vehicle-treated control group, and a
      decline in systemic concentrations of progesterone to less than 1 ng/ml in four
      of five animals. Administration of PGF2 alpha with sesame oil was luteolytic in
      only one of five animals and E2B plus saline had no effect on the mean length of
      the estrous cycle or systemic concentrations of plasma progesterone. These
      observations suggested a luteolytic interaction between E2B and PGF2 alpha. This
      luteolytic interaction was examined further in a second experiment. Corpora lutea
      was removed 12 h after treatment with 200 micrograms E2B or .5 ml sesame oil,
      administered twice on d 10, 11 and 12 of the cycle, and incubated with
      luteinizing hormone (LH) and PGF2 alpha in vitro. The effect of both LH and PGF2
      alpha was to increase progesterone synthesis (P less than .01), and this effect
      was observed irrespective of E2B pretreatment. These findings were not consistent
      with the hypothesis that the luteolytic site of action for either E2B or PGF2
      alpha was inhibition of the steroidogenic effects of LH as assessed under in
      vitro conditions.

PMID- 6575010
TI  - Heat sensitivity of Azotobacter vinelandii genetic transformation.
AB  - Heating competent Azotobacter vinelandii at 37 or 42 degrees C resulted in a
      total loss of competence with no loss of viability. The transformation process
      was relatively insensitive to heating at either temperature once DNase-resistant
      DNA binding was nearly complete. Although competent and 42 degrees C-treated
      cells bound equivalent amounts of [32P]DNA in a DNase-resistant state, no donor
      DNA marker (nif) or radioactivity was detected in the envelope-free cell lysate
      of heated cells, suggesting that DNA transport across the cell envelope was a
      heat-sensitive event. Competence was reacquired in a 42 degrees C-treated culture
      after 2 h of incubation at 30 degrees C by a process which required RNA and
      protein syntheses. The release of a surface glycoprotein, required for
      competence, from cells treated at 42 degrees C occurred in an insufficient amount
      to account for the total loss of competence. Recovery of competence in 42 degrees
      C-treated cells and further transformation of competent cells were prevented by
      the exposure of cells to saturating amounts of transforming DNA. Further DNase
      resistant DNA binding, however, still occurred, suggesting that there were two
      types of receptors for DNase-resistant DNA binding to competent A. vinelandii.
      DNase-resistant DNA binding was dependent on magnesium ions, and at least one
      receptor type did not discriminate against heterologous DNA.

PMID- 6575011
TI  - Ultrastructural analysis of ineffective alfalfa nodules formed by nif::Tn5
      mutants of Rhizobium meliloti.
AB  - Ineffective alfalfa nodules formed by Rhizobium meliloti nif::Tn5 mutants were
      examined by light and electron microscopy. R. meliloti nifH::Tn5 mutants formed
      nodules that were similar in structure to wild-type nodules except that nifH-
      bacteroids accumulated a compact, electron-dense body. In contrast to nodules
      induced by wild type and nifH mutants, nifDK- R. meliloti mutants induced nodules
      which contained numerous starch grains and prematurely senescent bacteroids. In
      addition, meristematic activity in nifDK- nodules ceased significantly earlier
      than in nifH- nodules. All mutant nodules exhibited elevated levels of rough
      endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi membranes compared to wild-type nodule cells.
      These elevated levels may reflect either a response to nitrogen starvation in the
      ineffective nodules or an abnormal synthesis and export of nodule-specific
      proteins during later developmental stages.

PMID- 6575012
TI  - Trazodone in the treatment of bulimia.

PMID- 6575013
TI  - The use of intrinsic protein fluorescence to quantitate enzyme-bound persulfide
      and to measure equilibria between intermediates in rhodanese catalysis.
AB  - The intrinsic fluorescence of the enzyme rhodanese is quenched by as much as 30%
      when sulfur is transferred to the free enzyme form, E, giving the sulfur
      substituted enzyme, ES. This fluorescence change (lambda ex = 295 nm and lambda
      em = 335 nm) has been used to quantitate the E and ES forms which are isolatable,
      obligatory intermediates in rhodanese catalysis. Fluorescence titration was
      performed using cyanide to irreversibly remove sulfur from ES. The results show a
      stoichiometry corresponding to 1 bound sulfur/molecule of the ES form of
      rhodanese (Mr = 33,000). The fluorescence changes were used to measure the
      concentrations of E and ES when these were in reversible equilibria induced by
      interactions with the substrates S2O3(2-) and SO3(2-). These results were
      compared with an equilibrium constant derived from published kinetic studies for
      the reaction (formula; see text) The very close agreement between the physical
      and kinetic methods indicate that there are no significant concentrations of
      intermediates other than E and ES. Overall, the results are compatible with the
      formation of a persulfide intermediate in rhodanese catalysis and are consistent
      with conclusions from x-ray crystallography and absorption spectroscopy. In
      addition, these procedures offer a facile method to measure equilibria between
      catalytic intermediates in the rhodanese reaction using functionally relevant
      concentrations.

PMID- 6575014
TI  - The stimulation of the initiation of DNA synthesis and cell division in Swiss
      mouse 3T3 cells by prostaglandin F2 alpha requires specific functional groups in
      the molecule.
AB  - Among a number of prostaglandins, PGF2 alpha had the highest specific activity
      for stimulating the initiation of DNA synthesis in confluent resting Swiss 3T3
      cells. At a saturating concentration of 8.5 X 10(-7) M, PGF2 alpha stimulated 21%
      of the cells to incorporate [ methyl-3H ]thymidine within 28 h. To elicit similar
      effects, prostaglandins F1 alpha, E1, E2, and D2 were required in 10-fold higher
      concentrations. Prostaglandins A1, A2, B1, and prostacyclin had no mitogenic
      activity. Insulin at 10(-8) M enhanced the stimulatory effect of PGF2 alpha and
      also of prostaglandins F1 alpha, E1, E2, and D2 by increasing the fraction of
      labeled nuclei. Methyl derivatives of PGF2 alpha were as effective as PGF2 alpha.
      Epimerization of the hydroxyl group at C-9 abolished the activity of the
      molecule. In contrast, upon epimerization at C-11 and C-15, some mitogenic
      activity was retained. In the presence of insulin, the latter molecules were as
      active as PGF2 alpha. Oxidation of the hydroxyl group at C-15 to a ketone
      abolished the mitogenic effect, while methyl ether formation led to only a slight
      loss of activity. Reduction of the delta 13 double bond also led only to a small
      reduction of activity. Similar differences in the activity of the various
      prostaglandins and analogues of PGF2 alpha were observed for 2-deoxyglucose
      uptake and increases in cell number. The relationships between structure and
      activity of prostaglandins suggest the existence of some specific receptor for
      PGF2 alpha to confer mitogenic response.

PMID- 6575015
TI  - Direct dilution sampling, quantitation, and microbial assessment of open-system
      ventilation circuits in intensive care units.
AB  - In a systematic approach, 37 duplicate samples of open system circuits (Bennett
      MA-1 ventilators) of patients in medical and surgical intensive care units were
      processed by direct and serial (APHA guidelines) dilutions. The paired difference
      test on 15 of the in-use circuitry solution samples indicated no difference
      between the direct and serial dilution methods (P less than 0.001). Seventy-seven
      additional respiratory therapy circuitry samples from similar intensive care
      patients were analyzed via a direct dilution method alone and processed
      microbiologically. The direct dilution procedure was a rapid and accurate means
      of evaluation of microbial contamination in the range of greater than or equal to
      10 to less than or equal to 10(6) CFU/ml. High densities of organisms frequently
      were found. Sites of contamination included the proximal or patient end of the
      circuitry (heaviest), the nebulizer trap, and the distal or humidifier portions
      of the circuitry. The contaminants found were predominantly gram-negative
      nonfermenters: Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. antitratus, Pseudomonas
      aeruginosa, Pseudomonas maltophilia, and Flavobacterium meningosepticum.
      Fermenters were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus sp., Enterobacter cloacae,
      Citrobacter diversus, and Enterobacter agglomerans. Infrequently, gram-positive
      Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were noted.

PMID- 6575017
TI  - Disseminate intradermal bacterial colonization presenting as palpable purpura in
      lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - A patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia suddenly developed a disseminated
      monomorphic eruption of purpuric papules. The papules were initially thought to
      be lesions of vasculitis, leukemia cutis, or septic emboli. Histologic study,
      however, revealed large focal colonies of gram-positive cocci within the dermis.
      It is postulated that a bacteremia of antibiotic-resistant cocci led to
      dissemination of these organisms into a virtually defenseless skin. The patient's
      pancytopenia and consequent immune paralysis are viewed as accounting for this
      focal bacterial colonization and for the remarkable absence of clinical and
      histologic inflammatory response. Such hematogenous noninflammatory bacterial
      colonization of the skin must be added to the differential diagnosis of palpable
      purpura.

PMID- 6575016
TI  - Delineation of four cell types comprising the giant cell tumor of bone.
      Expression of Ia and monocyte-macrophage lineage antigens.
AB  - Giant cell tumors of bone dissociated by collagenase digestion were found to be
      composed of four different cell types defined by morphology, growth in culture,
      and pattern of staining with monoclonal antibodies. Giant cells comprised an
      average of 0.8% of the cells recovered, with the remainder consisting of small
      stromal cells. Of the giant cells, 20-57% expressed Ia antigens, while all lacked
      IgG Fc receptors and five differentiation antigens associated with mature members
      of the monocyte-macrophage lineage (M phi S-1, M phi P-9, M phi P-15, M phi S-39,
      and 63d3). One antigen, M phi U-50, found on early monocytoid forms was expressed
      on Ia+ giant cells. 6-36% of the remaining stromal tumor cells formed a second
      subpopulation that assumed either a rounded or elongated shape in culture. These
      cells bore Ia antigens, IgG Fc receptors, and five antigens of the monocyte
      macrophage lineage usually found on blood monocytes. However, these cells
      differed from monocytes or macrophages in that the antigen M phi R-17 generally
      found on tissue macrophages was absent, and the M phi U-50 antigen present on
      more primitive cells was well expressed. A very limited endocytic capacity was
      demonstrable. A third population of up to 24% of the tumor cells was defined by
      the presence of intense staining for Ia antigens but the absence of antigens of
      mature monocytes. A proportion of these cells expressed M phi U-50 and a minority
      had IgG Fc receptors. The two Ia(+) populations of stromal cells were not
      identifiable after 2 wk of culture, nor did tumor cells selected for the presence
      of Ia antigens proliferate in culture. A fourth population of cells lacked Ia and
      monocyte lineage antigens, but showed pronounced intracellular staining for acid
      phosphatase. These cells had a distinctive plump epitheloid to fibroblastoid
      morphology and were readily established in long-term culture where they gave rise
      to large multinuclear Ia(-) cells containing acid phosphatase. The possibility is
      discussed that the cell types of these tumors relate to various stages in the
      development of osteoclasts from precursors in the mononuclear phagocyte lineage.

PMID- 6575018
TI  - Purification and some properties of neuraminidase isolated from the culture
      medium of oral bacterium Streptococcus mitis ATCC 9811.
AB  - Neuraminidase acting on the salivary bacterial agglutinating factor was isolated
      and purified from the culture medium of Streptococcus mitis ATCC 9811. The
      molecular weight and the isoelectric point of the enzyme were determined to be
      42,000 and a pH of 4.6, respectively. The enzyme showed high activity against
      human glycoprotein substrates, especially the salivary bacterial agglutinating
      factor.

PMID- 6575019
TI  - Shallow fluorine depth profiles of cementum in periodontal disease--a pilot
      study.
AB  - A nuclear resonant reaction depth profiling technique was used to analyze
      elemental fluorine distribution in the first 20 microns of human dental cementum.
      A pilot sample of six periodontally-involved teeth indicated greater levels of
      fluorine in exposed cementum (0.9 leads to 2.4%) compared to cementum apical to
      the zone of epithelial attachment (0.4 leads to 1.1%). Furthermore, the exposed
      cementum appeared to have fluorine levels within the surface 5 microns comparable
      to the hypermineralized layer previously reported by x-ray diffraction and
      microprobe techniques. The nuclear resonant reaction is a non-destructive
      technique which yields useful information of surface elemental distribution as a
      function of depth, and may be regarded as a potential means of analyzing changes
      in the inorganic constitution of cementum during various physico-chemical pre
      treatments.

PMID- 6575020
TI  - The presence of fucosyltransferases with different substrate specificity in human
      parotid saliva.
AB  - Using glycoproteins and milk oligosaccharides as substrate acceptors, we
      demonstrated at least two fucosyltransferases in human parotid saliva. One enzyme
      transferred L-fucose from GDP-fucose to the C-3 position of N-acetylglucosamine
      or glucose residue of oligosaccharide chains, and the other transferred to the C
      4 position of N-acetylglucosamine residue of oligosaccharide chains.

PMID- 6575021
TI  - Increased salivary buffering in association with a low caries experience in
      children suffering from cystic fibrosis.
AB  - The mean pH and buffering capacity of stimulated saliva collected from young
      cystic fibrosis patients were measured and were found to be significantly higher
      than were the values for the controls (p less than 0.01). In addition, the caries
      experience of the cystic fibrosis children would appear to be considerably less
      than that of the controls. The association of these salivary alterations with a
      decreased caries experience is discussed.

PMID- 6575023
TI  - Measurement of the ability to control jaw muscle forces in man.
AB  - Subjects were asked to track a moving waveform on an oscilloscope screen, with
      the output of a force transducer placed between the teeth. It was found that,
      after a learning period, the error depended upon the clenching force, and that,
      over the force range studied, the greater the effort demanded, the greater the
      error.

PMID- 6575022
TI  - Increases in fluoride, calcium, and phosphate in dental plaque resulting from the
      use of a mineralizing mouthrinse containing urea and monofluorophosphate.
AB  - A mouthrinse used ten times over a four-day period increased the concentration of
      acid-extractable fluoride in immature plaque by 320%, calcium by 190%, and
      phosphate by 97%. Corresponding increases in mature plaque were smaller, yet
      significant. Diffusion of the ions from plaque was restricted, and hence a
      prolonged caries-inhibitory effect can be expected.

PMID- 6575024
TI  - Validity of clinical assessments related to the cemento-enamel junction.
AB  - The distance measured from a constant reference to the subgingival cemento-enamel
      junction by four observers with two different probes in 11 patients was compared
      to independent precision measurements of the same distance performed during
      periodontal surgery. The findings question the validity of probe measurements
      with relation to the cemento-enamel junction.

PMID- 6575025
TI  - Fluoride uptake and retention in vitro following topical fluoride applications.
AB  - Fluoride uptake and retention on maxillary and mandibular incisors were compared
      using a conventional APF gel, a thixotropic gel, and a new pluronic-based
      fluoride gel. Based on the results of in vivo acid-etch biopsies, significant
      fluoride uptake was obtained with each of the three agents. The highly viscous
      pluronic gel may provide an alternative to conventional topical fluoride gels for
      subjects--e.g., handicapped persons--with whom a tray system is not feasible.

PMID- 6575026
TI  - In vitro corrosion and in vivo marginal fracture of dental amalgams.

PMID- 6575027
TI  - The effect of tensile strain on corrosion of dental amalgam.
AB  - In vitro corrosion of two low-copper and three high-copper dental amalgams was
      examined using stressed and unstressed specimens. Stress was applied in tension;
      anodic polarization curves and polarization resistance were determined. In
      stressed condition, the passive current density was higher, and polarization
      resistance was lower. The changes are attributed mainly to the fracture of
      passive films by creep strain.

PMID- 6575028
TI  - In vitro effect of APF gel on three composite resins.
AB  - A laboratory study was conducted to determine effects of 1.23% APF gel on three
      composite resins. All composite resins immersed in APF gel lost significantly
      more weight than did their controls with significantly different weight losses
      among the APF-treated composites. Surfaces of all resins exposed to APF gel, as
      viewed in SEM's, exhibited degradation of filler particles.

PMID- 6575029
TI  - Cigarette staining and cleaning of a maxillofacial silicone.
AB  - In this study, a maxillofacial silicone elastomer was stained with cigarette
      smoke. The stain was then removed by solvent extraction using 1,1,1
      trichloroethane. The cigarette smoke produced large color changes in the
      elastomer as measured from spectrophotometric reflectance curves. The solvent was
      totally effective in removing the cigarette stain without changing the color of
      the silicone base.

PMID- 6575030
TI  - The flexure modulus of elasticity of orthodontic wires.
AB  - The flexure moduli of elasticity of solid and multi-stranded orthodontic wires
      were determined. Results for the solid wires approximated their tensile values,
      but the differences were statistically significant for the stainless steel,
      chromium-cobalt-nickel, and nickel-titanium alloys. The flexure moduli of the
      multi-stranded wires ranged from 0.89 to 5.11 X 10(6) psi, and were dependent on
      the direction of activation.

PMID- 6575031
TI  - Lipids of supragingival calculus.
AB  - The matrix of supragingival calculus constitutes 15.7% of the calculus dry weight
      and contains 54.9% protein and 10.2% lipids. Of the total lipids, 61.8% are
      represented by neutral lipids, 28% by glycolipids, and 10.2% by phospholipids.
      The neutral lipids exhibit a high content of free fatty acids (63.9%) and
      triglycerides (15.8%). The glycolipids are comprised of simple glycosphingolipids
      (17.2%), mainly lactosyl- and glucosylceramides, and of neutral and sulfated
      glyceroglucolipids (82.8%). The phospholipids contain large quantities of
      phosphatidylethanolamine (34.2%) and diphosphatidylglycerol (25.5%). Comparison
      with salivary and submandibular stone lipids indicates that both saliva and
      bacteria contribute to the lipid content of supragingival calculus.

PMID- 6575032
TI  - Lipid composition of human parotid salivary gland stones.
AB  - The parotid gland stone matrix constitutes 20.2% of the stone dry weight and
      contains 8.5% of lipids. Of the total lipids, 74% are represented by neutral
      lipids, 17% by glycolipids, and 9% by phospholipids. The neutral lipids exhibit a
      high content of free fatty acids (52.7%) and cholesteryl esters (31.1%). The
      glycolipids are composed of simple glycosphingolipids (7.1%), and of neutral and
      sulfated glyceroglucolipids (92.9%). Phosphatidylethanolamine and
      diphosphatidylglycerol are the principal constituents of the phospholipid
      fraction.

PMID- 6575033
TI  - Juvenile periodontitis as a model for neutrophil function: reduced binding of the
      complement chemotactic fragment, C5a.
AB  - The binding of the chemotactic complement fragment, C5a, to peripheral blood
      neutrophils of Localized Juvenile Periodontitis (LJP) patients and normal
      controls was quantitated using iodinated human C5a and a rapid centrifugation
      assay. There was a significant reduction in the number of binding sites per cell
      on neutrophils from the patient group, whereas the binding affinity remained the
      same as control values.

PMID- 6575034
TI  - Ultrastructural characteristics of progenitor cell populations in the periodontal
      ligament.
AB  - Electron microscope radio-autography was used in an attempt to identify any
      relationship between the location and degree of differentiation of progenitor
      cells in the periodontal ligament (PDL). Ligament fibroblasts were classified on
      the basis of their nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and their distance to the closest
      blood vessel measured. It was determined that an undifferentiated paravascular
      progenitor cell population exists, and that the PDL also contains progenitor
      cells showing a range of cytodifferentiation.

PMID- 6575035
TI  - Effect of xylitol on the growth and glycolysis of acidogenic oral bacteria.
AB  - We investigated the effect of xylitol on the growth of different oral bacteria in
      the presence of glucose. Xylitol inhibited the growth of all but one of ten
      strains of S. mutans and failed to inhibit the growth of the lactobacilli,
      actinomycetes, and other streptococci tested except S. sanguis 10556, which was
      slightly inhibited. However, the rate of acid production of the sensitive S.
      mutans strains was not equally affected by xylitol. These data, obtained with
      pure cultures of acidogenic oral bacteria, may explain the lack of an in vitro
      inhibitory effect of xylitol on dental plaque samples.

PMID- 6575036
TI  - Enamel demineralization tests with some standard foods and candies.
AB  - To indicate the cariogenic potential of some standard foods and confections,
      their ability to demineralize powdered enamel or enamel sections was tested by
      incubation with mouth organisms in saliva or plaque. With a few exceptions, the
      amounts of demineralization produced by the tested substrates in either a closed
      or flowing system fell within relatively narrow ranges.

PMID- 6575037
TI  - The acidogenic potential of reference foods and snacks at interproximal sites in
      the human dentition.
AB  - Telemetry was used to evaluate changes in plaque pH at interproximal sites in the
      dentition of five human subjects following the ingestion of a variety of
      reference foods and snacks. Short-term telemetry (30 min) revealed that most of
      the substrates yielded both pH minima and total responses similar to that
      obtained with a 10% sucrose rinse. Aged Cheddar cheese and skim milk were much
      less acidogenic than were the other foods.

PMID- 6575038
TI  - Rat caries assay of reference foods and sugar-containing snacks.
AB  - Using standard reference snack foods, we tested a method, using rats fed in a
      programmed feeding machine, to evaluate the caries-promoting properties of foods.
      Results, which were expressed in relation to a control food, indicate that the
      method distinguished differences in caries potential among a number of different
      snack foods. Buccal and sulcal caries scores of rats fed snacks foods varied in
      their responses. A gel diet used to provide essential nutrients for the rat
      growth in this approach contributed minimally to the caries response which was
      related principally to the food being tested.

PMID- 6575039
TI  - Biologic evaluation of a silver-copper-germanium dental casting alloy and a gold
      germanium coating alloy.
AB  - An Ag-Cu-Ge alloy and an Au-Ge alloy were evaluated for their hemolytic effect on
      rabbit blood, cytotoxicity to alpha-L fibrosarcoma cells, and allergenic effect
      on guinea pigs. Neither alloy evoked a significant hemolytic response;
      cytotoxicity, and that of pure germanium, was no greater than that of ZOE cement;
      and, on the basis of the guinea pig response, the potential human allergenic
      response was considered to be Grade I (weak) and Grade II (mild), respectively.

PMID- 6575040
TI  - Microbiologic effects of SnF2 and NaF mouthrinses in subjects with high caries
      activity: results after one year.
AB  - Twenty-two adults, considered to have high caries activity, rinsed for one yr
      with either SnF2 or acidulated NaF mouthrinses. Total colony-forming units and
      numbers of S. mutans and lactobacilli were estimated from saliva samples. Large
      reductions were found in the number of recoverable S. mutans in subjects rinsing
      with SnF2 but not in the NaF group.

PMID- 6575041
TI  - Storage of experimentally avulsed teeth in milk prior to replantation.
AB  - Extracted monkey teeth were endodontically treated, stored in milk or saliva for
      two or six h, and then replanted. Periodontal conditions were evaluated after
      eight wk. Teeth that had been stored for two or six h in milk or for two h in
      saliva showed periodontal healing almost as good as that of immediately replanted
      teeth. Teeth that had been kept in saliva for six h or bench-dried for one h
      showed extensive replacement resorption. Milk may thus be recommended as a
      storage medium for ex-articulated teeth prior to replantation in cases when
      immediate replantation is not possible.

PMID- 6575042
TI  - The salivary lactoperoxidase system in caries-resistant and -susceptible adults.
AB  - In a comparative study of caries-resistant and -susceptible adults, no
      significant differences were found in the concentrations of lactoperoxidase,
      thiocyanate, and pre-formed hypothiocyanite in parotid and submandibular saliva,
      or in hypothiocyanite formed in expectorated saliva over a 60-minute period. The
      concentrations per se of these components are not critical determinants of caries
      resistance or susceptibility. Thiocyanate concentration was higher in both
      unstimulated parotid and submandibular saliva than in the respective stimulated
      secretions. At comparable flow rates, parotid values were higher than
      submandibular.

PMID- 6575043
TI  - Measurement of resistance of amalgam mixes to condensation.
AB  - A method was designed to evaluate the resistance of amalgam mixes to condensation
      forces. For the purpose of classification with respect to the plasticity of
      amalgam, the optimum test condition was to apply 40 or 50 lb of static load at 30
      sec after trituration.

PMID- 6575044
TI  - The influence of various admixes on the physical properties of a polycarboxylate
      cement.
AB  - Aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum fluoride-trihydrate, and titanium
      dioxide hydrate were added to a commercial polycarboxylate cement. The first
      substance increased the setting time and certain physical properties. The others
      decreased the same properties to varying degrees.

PMID- 6575045
TI  - Dental education in a capitalistic society.

PMID- 6575046
TI  - Dental students' input into the accreditation process.
AB  - With the recent adoption of a student section in the Procedures for Evaluation
      Requirements and Guidelines for Dental Education Programs, the American Dental
      Association's Commission on Dental Accreditation sought to increase the role of
      students in the accreditation process. Dental students at Fairleigh Dickinson
      University School of Dentistry conducted an independent self-study, paralleling
      that of the school's Accreditation Steering Committee. This self-study enabled
      students to work with faculty and administrators in implementing improvements in
      the educational system and to focus attention on student needs and concerns. Six
      topics (educational costs, dental school student government, relationships with
      state and national organizations, curriculum, operations, and the Office of
      Student Affairs) formed the basis of the student self-study.

PMID- 6575047
TI  - Teaching dental students mirror vision skills.
AB  - A study was undertaken to determine the most advantageous format for teaching
      dental students the perceptual motor skills needed in mirror vision. It was found
      that performance varied, with each student reaching a personal limit of
      performance in regard to time and errors. Groups that performed the exercise in
      different formats (massed, distributed, progressive, and simple) all improved in
      relation to the control group, but not in relation to each other. There was
      significant correlation between the time taken to complete the exercise and
      errors incurred on both pre- and post-tests.

PMID- 6575048
TI  - The guided design strategy in the biochemistry laboratory.
AB  - This article describes a nontraditional biochemistry laboratory course for first
      year dental students. The course consisted of two laboratory exercises adapted to
      the guided design strategy and a short research project. The major advantage of
      the guided design laboratories was subjectively determined to be the development
      of problem-solving skills, which students previously enrolled in a traditional
      laboratory course seemed to lack. Students exposed to the guided design approach
      successfully applied these skills when performing their research projects. These
      students also reflected a better understanding of the biochemical principles
      encountered. The major disadvantages were the great amount of faculty time
      required to prepare the guided design materials and the reduced amount of subject
      matter covered. Student evaluation scores of the new laboratory program showed
      dramatic improvement over those for the traditional laboratories. In addition,
      students' attitudes toward the new biochemistry laboratories were more positive
      than those exhibited in the traditional course.

PMID- 6575049
TI  - Computer-assisted advising for dental students.
AB  - This article describes a computer-assisted advising system that has been in use
      at the West Virginia University School of Dentistry for two years. Detailed
      breakdowns are given for the five data items making up the Student Advising
      Information Package, and the relevance of each item to the student advising
      process is noted. A discussion of the overall operation of the system provides
      information relating to software development for those schools that are now
      operating with computers or anticipate doing so in the future.

PMID- 6575050
TI  - A dental student tutor program.
AB  - This paper describes the objectives, development, and features of a student tutor
      program that has been in operation for ten years at Case Western Reserve
      University School of Dentistry. The program was designed to reduce the effects of
      environmental stress on the dental student, to provide opportunities for the
      personal and professional development of the tutor, and to promote the
      application of certain educational principles in the learning environment. A
      major feature of this program is the availability of tutoring for all students
      who feel they can benefit from this aid, regardless of academic standing. In
      addition to comprehension of content, tutors address time management, study
      skills, organization of laboratory projects and study materials, and development
      of manual skills. More than 50 percent of the first- and second-year students use
      the program. This article also describes the benefits of the program to the
      student, the tutor, and the school.

PMID- 6575051
TI  - Infection control in North American dental schools.
AB  - Treatment of patients with transmissible infections is a particular concern in an
      institutional setting. This paper discusses the results of a questionnaire
      relating to infection control that was sent to all North American dental schools.
      The purpose of the survey was to aid in the development of a comprehensive
      protocol at Marquette University for treating patients with transmissible
      infections and, in particular, hepatitis B carriers. Currently, the dental
      community is reluctant to treat patients with a history of hepatitis and
      hepatitis B carriers. The protection offered by the recently available hepatitis
      B vaccine should contribute greatly to the reduction of transmission of hepatitis
      B. It is emphasized that the use of this vaccine in dental schools in no way
      obviates the need for meticulous infection control protocols.

PMID- 6575052
TI  - Educational goals in physiology for dental students in Saudi Arabia.

PMID- 6575053
TI  - Remediating clinical problems.

PMID- 6575054
TI  - Correlates of faculty and student attitudes toward evaluation in behavioral
      aspects of clinical practice.

PMID- 6575055
TI  - Age group and characteristics of dental school faculty members.

PMID- 6575056
TI  - Advanced general dentistry education programs.

PMID- 6575057
TI  - Advanced general dentistry education programs: issues and forces that will shape
      the future.

PMID- 6575058
TI  - General practice residency and advanced education in general dentistry programs:
      purposes.

PMID- 6575059
TI  - General practice residency and advanced education in general dentistry programs:
      curriculum.
AB  - Many questions have been raised about both programs, but one cannot say
      objectively that one is good or one is bad. Our energies must be concentrated on
      the development of the best comprehensive postdoctoral program so that the public
      may be better served. GPR and AEGD programs together produce over a thousand
      graduates each year. Is there really a difference between the two graduates? Is
      one a mini-oral surgeon? Is one a "superdentist"? Will they command higher fees,
      thereby raising the cost of dental care? How great a difference should there be?
      The students have succeeded in completing programs that are rigorous and
      demanding. The graduates can be no better than the institutions and the programs
      they represent. Regional differences still exist; for example, some metropolitan
      hospitals will not admit the dental general practitioner to staff or visiting
      staff positions. Why? Ideally, for the 60 percent of the training that is devoted
      to general practice principles, we should strike a balance and make sure that
      each program has definable standards. At the same time, we should permit enough
      flexibility to allow for the inevitable regional differences. Students should be
      able to select the program and location they prefer, confident that broad-based
      standards will be met, and assured of the practical as well as theoretical
      excellence of every program that is offered. How can we afford not to go with
      certification?

PMID- 6575060
TI  - Dental general practice residency programs: financing and operations.

PMID- 6575061
TI  - General practice residency and advanced education in general dentistry programs:
      evaluation.

PMID- 6575062
TI  - Accreditation standards for advanced education programs: general practice
      residency. Approved by the Commission on Dental Accreditation, American Dental
      Association, May 1980 (revised December 1982).

PMID- 6575063
TI  - Requirements for an advanced educational program: general dentistry. Approved by
      the Commission on Dental Accreditation, American Dental Association, May 1980.

PMID- 6575064
TI  - The physiologic nature of caries susceptibility. Part III. Physiologic aspects of
      resistance to dental caries.

PMID- 6575065
TI  - An FTC view on codes of ethics.

PMID- 6575066
TI  - A professional's view on codes of ethics under present FTC law interpretation.

PMID- 6575067
TI  - Schools are returning to normal.

PMID- 6575068
TI  - The dentist and voluntarism: a two-way street.

PMID- 6575070
TI  - Sudden surge of TMJ problems.

PMID- 6575069
TI  - Pediatric dentistry.

PMID- 6575071
TI  - Only consulting dentists should make treatment decisions.

PMID- 6575072
TI  - An evaluation of a formal education training program for dental faculty.

PMID- 6575073
TI  - Erythromycin problems.

PMID- 6575074
TI  - Vitamin recommendations.

PMID- 6575075
TI  - Challenging the soft brush.

PMID- 6575076
TI  - Preventive methods urged.

PMID- 6575077
TI  - Advances in clinical dental practice: experts explore the future.

PMID- 6575078
TI  - The role of the dental hygienist in patient motivation.

PMID- 6575079
TI  - The emperor's new meniscus.

PMID- 6575080
TI  - Epidemiologic patterns of smoking and periodontal disease in the United States.
AB  - The adverse effect of smoking on periodontal health has been demonstrated in the
      analysis of the dental and smoking history data collected from a representative
      sample of the US population. The association between poorer levels of periodontal
      health and smoking remained even after accounting for age, sex, race, oral
      hygiene, socioeconomic status, and frequency of daily toothbrushing variables.
      When the analysis was restricted to smokers only, no clear-cut association was
      demonstrated between periodontal disease and the duration of smoking or the
      number of cigarettes smoked per day. The results of this study suggest that
      dental practitioners should try to discourage their patients from smoking for
      reasons of periodontal health as well as general preventive care.

PMID- 6575081
TI  - Cervical burnout and Mach band: two shadows of doubt in radiologic interpretation
      of carious lesions.
AB  - The factors that produce cervical burnout images in the film emulsion and Mach
      band effects in the retinal receptors have been discussed. In the former,
      overpenetration of thinner cervical tooth areas produces radiolucent areas that
      have rounded, diffuse inner borders, but that show intact tooth edges. Mach
      bands, produced by lateral inhibition of neural receptors in the eye, are optical
      illusions that may appear in the dentin along the proximal DEJ, or in dentinal
      peaks bounded by occlusal and proximal enamel. Not every observer has the same
      ability to perceive Mach bands, and perception is modified by projection,
      contour, and film and object density. A masking technique has been described to
      facilitate differential interpretation between the Mach apparition and actual
      tooth decalcification.

PMID- 6575082
TI  - Fluoride retention after sodium fluoride mouthrinsing by preschool children.

PMID- 6575083
TI  - The St. Regis environmental health issue: assessment of dental defects.
AB  - A descriptive epidemiologic study was undertaken to determine the nature, extent,
      and severity of defects of the dentition alleged to be fluorosis in Native
      American children. An examination of 520 Native American children living on the
      St. Regis Reservation, and 248 non-Native American children living in adjacent
      areas, disclosed a much higher prevalence of generalized pigmentation of the
      dentition in the former (114, 22%) as compared with the latter group (13, 5.2%).
      The pattern of enamel pigmentation, opacity, and hypoplasia observed was not
      typical of fluorosis. After careful consideration of various etiologic factors,
      use of the antibiotic tetracycline was determined to be the probable causative
      agent in 112 (21.5%) cases, of which 73 (14%) were classified as esthetically
      objectionable according to the tetracycline severity index devised. Confirmation
      of incorporation of the drug into the teeth was made possible in selected cases
      by histopathologic analysis of extracted teeth.

PMID- 6575084
TI  - Visible light-activated resins--depth of cure.

PMID- 6575085
TI  - Osteoarthritis of the TMJ in teenaged females: report of cases.
AB  - From the cases reported by Ogus and those presented here, it appears degenerative
      joint disease of the TMJ in young individuals is not a rare finding. The
      incidence of DJD of the temporomandibular joint has been reported to be 8% to
      16%. In a review of 346 patients who were referred for jaw disorders, 23 patients
      were 19 years old or younger. Six patients (or 26%) had a diagnosis of
      osteoarthritis of the TMJ confirmed with charts, reviewed retrospectively, were
      considered as suggestive of degenerative joint disease. It has been reported that
      the symptoms of DJD continue for one to three years. The majority of patients
      have acute symptoms that usually last about nine months but gradually subside
      after nine months. It is important to rule out degenerative disease of the TMJ
      before beginning radical or irreversible dental procedures. Conservative
      management of these patients includes analgesics, antiarthritic drugs, muscle
      relaxants, antiinflammatory agents, the construction of hard or soft bite
      splints, exercise, warm moist heat applications, minor equilibration if
      indicated, and physical therapy. Injections of steroids into the joint are not
      recommended and anti-arthritic drugs should be used with caution because the safe
      usage of some of these drugs has not been demonstrated in children. Patients who
      still experience pain after one to three years, or patients who are refractory to
      conservative therapy, may be candidates for surgical treatment. Age should not be
      a deterrent to surgery or other treatment modality for treatment of severe
      degenerative joint disease that does not respond to conservative treatment and is
      intolerable to the patient.

PMID- 6575086
TI  - Management of the nonerupted maxillary anterior tooth.
AB  - The noneruption of maxillary anterior teeth, particularly the canine, is a common
      problem. The cause of the noneruption is multifactorial but almost always
      involves a lack of space. The literature presents an active and a passive form of
      orthodontic treatment and has recently stressed the periodontal management of
      these teeth. Two cases are presented. In both cases the orthodontic techniques of
      regaining space and providing traction on the unerupted tooth are described. A
      free gingival graft is used in one case and an apically repositioned flap in the
      other to achieve a healthy periodontium. The advantages and disadvantages of the
      techniques used as well as their rationale are discussed.

PMID- 6575087
TI  - Effect of arm position and arm support on indirect blood pressure measurements
      made in a dental chair.

PMID- 6575088
TI  - Intrafollicular anesthesia for the removal of impacted teeth.
AB  - Intrafollicular anesthesia is a method of obtaining rapid and complete local
      anesthesia for the surgical removal of impacted teeth. When an intrafollicular
      anesthetic technique is used, a general anesthetic and IV sedations (narcotic or
      barbiturate) are not needed. This technique also provides for an atmosphere
      without the stress associated with a patient in pain or the great responsibility
      associated with general anesthesia in the office. Intrafollicular anesthesia
      involves much less risk to the patient than general anesthesia or IV sedation
      (narcotic or barbiturate). The use of this technique aids in keeping scheduling
      on time by eliminating the need to reinject patients. Therefore, once the
      intrafollicular technique is mastered, the practitioner will begin to realize
      benefits other than a painfree procedure.

PMID- 6575089
TI  - Final order issued in FTC advertising case.

PMID- 6575090
TI  - American Dental Association Principles of Ethics and Code of Professional
      Conduct.

PMID- 6575091
TI  - Supplement to the list of certified dental materials, instruments, and equipment.

PMID- 6575092
TI  - Firm, nonulcerated mass in the maxillary gingiva.
AB  - A firm mass of tissue in a 52-year-old male was diagnosed as peripheral fibroma
      with metaplastic bone formation. Several terms have been used to describe this
      type of lesion, which is similar in appearance to the peripheral odontogenic
      fibroma. The lesions should be excised and removed tissue submitted for
      microscopic examination. Special care should be taken to remove the attachment
      because the lesions may recur. The prognosis is excellent.

PMID- 6575093
TI  - Fluoridation suffers under block grant program.

PMID- 6575094
TI  - Advertising standards of the American Dental Association.

PMID- 6575095
TI  - [Maturation of the cervix uteri using prostaglandin F2 alpha before induction of
      labor in pathologic pregnancies].
AB  - It is possible to induce labour in pathological pregnancies after artificial
      ripening of the cervix. The present study concerns 70 patients (45 primipara, 25
      multipara). The main pathologies are hypertension of pregnancy and pregnancies
      past dates. Prostaglandin F2 alpha has been used with a Tylose gel containing 5
      mg of PGF2 alpha introduced by the extra-amniotic route. The cervical change was
      noted using Bishop's score. The mean increase of the cervical score was 0.8 with
      the first PGF2 alpha gel. The total mean increase was 1.2. Two cases of
      hyperstimulation of the uterus were observed and they led to Caesarean section.
      Prostaglandin gel induced labour in 56% of the patients. The mean time between
      the introduction of the gel and the delivery was 14 h for primipara and 10 h for
      multipara. Other patients were induced with oxytocin on the following day.
      Epidural analgesia was widely used in this study (in 64% of cases). The mean
      duration of labour was 6 h 10 for primipara and 4 h 30 for multipara. 30% of the
      patients needed Caesarean section but there was a marked difference between
      primipara (36%) and multipara (4%). After a review of the literature the authors
      conclude that it is useful to ripen the cervix prostaglandin but, as foreign
      authors do, they think that PGE2 should be more efficient.

PMID- 6575097
TI  - Fatty acids and the inhibition of mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation by
      leukemic serum.
AB  - The effects of sera from 23 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia on mitogen
      induced transformation of normal human lymphocytes were examined. All sera (100%)
      at diagnosis and 70% of those obtained during the induction of remission
      demonstrated inhibition of mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation as evidenced
      by decreased uptake of [3H]thymidine. The inhibition could not be overcome by an
      increase in the mitogen concentration. Eighteen sera demonstrating a mean
      inhibition of 44.2% had elevated levels of free fatty acids (FFA) compared with
      five sera showing no inhibition (p value = 0.001). Inhibition, within the range
      produced by leukemic sera, could be achieved by the purified methyl esters of
      linoleic and linolenic acid in this system. Flow cytometric analysis of mitogen
      induced cycling of normal human lymphocytes suggested that deoxyribonucleic acid
      (DNA) replication was inhibited by leukemic sera containing elevated levels of
      FFA after the G1 phase of cell cycling. Similar inhibition could be achieved by
      the methyl ester of linolenic acid in this system. Gas chromatographic analysis
      revealed that sera demonstrating inhibition contained linolenic (C18:3) acid (p
      value = 0.015), and the majority showed one or more of the following: 1) a
      concentration of oleic (C18:1) acid greater than 2 standard deviations (SD) above
      the mean of the control leukemic sera (i.e., those not demonstrating inhibition);
      2) an arachidonic (C20:4) to C18:1 ratio that is reduced to greater than 2 SD
      below the mean of the control group; or 3) the presence of an unexpected fatty
      acid fraction. The data raise the question of an influence of FFA and,
      specifically, an interplay of unsaturated fatty acids on immune function during
      the natural history of acute lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6575096
TI  - Erythromyeloid tumor cells (K562) induce PGE synthesis in human peripheral blood
      monocytes.
AB  - Human peripheral blood monocytes were found to spontaneously produce
      prostaglandin of the E series (PGE) in culture medium (0.5 ng to 3.0 ng/7.5 X
      10(5) cells), and the addition of K562 tumor cells enhanced the production by
      five- to 15-fold after 18 hr of incubation. PGE2 (10(-6) M) inhibited the
      cytolytic activity of freshly isolated peripheral blood monocytes against K562
      target cells by 50%. The PGE production was inhibited by inhibitors of cyclo
      oxygenase (indomethacin, aspirin, and ETYA) when present during the incubation.
      However, pretreatment of monocytes with these cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors was
      ineffective in preventing PGE production. Kinetic experiments showed that
      appreciable stimulation of PGE production occurred only after 6 hr of co-culture.
      Other human tumor cell lines (HSB, SB, and CEM) enhanced PGE production upon co
      culture with monocytes but to a lesser extent (twofold to threefold). Monocytes
      treated with 0.4% formaldehyde or heat (56 degrees C) were not capable of
      producing PGE when cultured alone or with K526 tumor cells. In contrast,
      formaldehyde-treated, but not heat-treated, K562 tumor cells were able to induce
      monocytes to produce PGE. By using a single cell conjugation assay, K562 tumor
      cells were found to bind equally well to treated or untreated monocytes. In
      contrast, the lytic activity of treated monocytes against K562 target cells was
      abolished. The presence of protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, was found
      to inhibit PGE production by monocytes cultured alone or with K562 tumor cells.
      Supernatants from K562 tumor cell cultures were also capable of inducing
      monocytes to produce PGE, and their effect on PGE production from monocytes was
      suppressed by cycloheximide. In addition, pretreatment of either K562 tumor cells
      or monocytes with an irreversible protein synthesis inhibitor, emetine, also
      suppressed the production of PGE upon co-culture with the untreated counterpart.
      The production of PGE by monocytes in response to exposure to tumor cells may
      represent a mechanism whereby tumor cells subvert host immune defense against
      them.

PMID- 6575098
TI  - Ultrastructural, biochemical, and functional characteristics of histamine
      containing cells cloned from mouse bone marrow: tentative identification as
      mucosal mast cells.
AB  - Two histamine-containing granulated cell lines were cloned from mouse bone marrow
      by using sequential soft agar and limiting dilution techniques. Concanavalin A
      stimulated mouse spleen cell supernatants were required for cell proliferation.
      Cloned cell lines were Lyt-1.2, Lyt-2.2, Thy-1.2, surface Ig negative, I-A
      positive, and failed to ingest latex particles. Cells expressed 6.4 to 9.0 X
      10(4) IgE high affinity receptors and contained approximately 1 to 2 pg of
      histamine per cell. Electron microscopy revealed granule and surface membrane
      features characteristic of mast cells. The cloned histamine-containing granulated
      cell lines synthesized a proteoglycan containing glycosaminoglycan side chains
      with an estimated average m.w. of 40,000. The glycosaminoglycan side chains
      consisted only of chondroitin sulfates identified by charge characteristics and
      through the use of selective polysaccharidases. These cells degranulated to
      immunologic stimuli and the calcium ionophore A23187 but not to compound 48/80.
      Taken together, the above findings suggest that these histamine-containing
      granulated cell lines that are cloned from bone marrow are mucosal (atypical)
      mast cells.

PMID- 6575099
TI  - Case of the month: eosinophilic granuloma.

PMID- 6575100
TI  - Ocular prosthesis, "a simplified approach".

PMID- 6575101
TI  - Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis. Its prevalence and association with
      season in Southern Orissa.

PMID- 6575102
TI  - Incidence of dental caries in individual teeth.

PMID- 6575103
TI  - Idiopathic granulomatous palatal ulcer. A case report.

PMID- 6575104
TI  - The Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.

PMID- 6575105
TI  - Histo-morphology of cementum.

PMID- 6575106
TI  - Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

PMID- 6575107
TI  - [Histogenesis on the ovarian Leydig cell tumor--light microscopic dry-mounting
      radioautography for 3H-cholesterol and electron microscopic cytochemistry for 3
      beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity].
AB  - A case of a virilizing ovarian Leydig cell tumor in a 38 year-old woman with a
      markedly elevated plasma testosterone level was investigated using light
      microscopic dry-mounting radioautography and electron microscopic cytochemistry.
      Following total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, the
      plasma testosterone level fell abruptly. Light microscopic dry-mounting
      radioautography for 3H-cholesterol showed silver grains mainly localized over the
      cytoplasm of the tumor cells. In the Leydig cell tumor there were three different
      cell types: Fibroblast-like cells, Leydig cells (steroid-secreting cells) and
      transitional cells (partially or incompletely differentiated Leydig cells).
      Reaction products for 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity were localized
      on tubular or lamellar cristae and inner membranes of the mitochondria, and on
      the membranes of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the transitional cell as well as
      in the Leydig cell. From these facts, it is suggested that the Leydig cell tumor
      is derived from the fibroblast-like cell and the Leydig cell, already has a
      steroidogenic activity in secreting testosterone.

PMID- 6575108
TI  - Pediatric mechanical ventilators. An evaluation of performance characteristics.

PMID- 6575109
TI  - Present interdisciplinary treatment regimen for advanced head and neck tumours at
      the West German Tumour Centre, Essen.
AB  - Apart from the classic combination of surgery and irradiation, four other
      treatment modalities are presently being evaluated in advanced head and neck
      tumours. These are: 1) antineoplastic chemotherapy 2) radiosensitizing agents 3)
      high LET radiotherapy 4)local hyperthermia Preoperative chemotherapy, followed by
      surgery and irradiation, has improved the local control as well as survival rates
      in phase II trials. Cis-platinum may yield some additional benefit due to its
      radiosensitizing properties. Radiosensitizing drugs such as nitro-imidazoles have
      so far failed to show any advantage in randomized trials, since neurotoxicity
      prevented maximum effective concentrations. The same is true for high LET
      radiotherapy with neutrons as compared to conventional irradiation. Local
      hyperthermia is considered as a palliation at the present time, when all other
      treatment modalities have been exhausted. In our centre, the preliminary results
      of radiotherapy and sensitization with cis-platinum in combination with surgery
      are encouraging. Some methods are discussed which permit the prediction of
      prognostic criteria for tumors under treatment. This may contribute to the
      optimization of individual treatment regimes in the future.

PMID- 6575110
TI  - Orientation of cleavage lines, fibrous connective tissues and blood vessels in
      the facial skin.
AB  - The cleavage lines experimentally produced on the facial region in 30 Japanese
      cadavers were investigated macroscopically and histologically. The results
      obtained showed the same directional arrangement of the cleavage lines, fibrous
      connective tissues (especially the collagen fibres) and blood vessels.

PMID- 6575111
TI  - The importance of the musculus nasalis and the use of the cleft margin flap in
      the repair of complete unilateral cleft lip.
AB  - The deformities of the lip and nose in cleft lip patients are intimately inter
      related and their repair should not be independent procedures. The reconstruction
      should be dynamic, taking into account the different functions of the groups of
      the perioral musculature. For the lip repair, attenuation of the musculus nasalis
      of the sound side and the formation of the levator sling are believed to be
      important. Nasal repair consists of upward transpositioning of the origin of the
      musculus nasalis and of plicating the nasal fascia, followed by the transfer of
      the bi-lobed cleft margin flap to the piriform margin.

PMID- 6575112
TI  - Changes in the temporomandibular joint after oblique sliding osteotomy of the
      mandibular rami. A longitudinal radiological study.
AB  - Changes in the temporomandibular joint following oblique sliding osteotomy of the
      mandibular rami were studied using axial, frontal and lateral radiographs. The
      condyle/fossa relationship was also studied with regard to the effect of
      intraosseous wiring of the proximal fragment. Antero-inferior displacements of
      the condyles were regularly seen after the osteotomies. The use of intraosseous
      wiring had no adverse effects on the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6575113
TI  - Acute suppurative arthritis of the temporomandibular joint in a patient with
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint is a rare condition. A case of
      acute staphylococcal suppurative arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
      complicating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a 53 year old woman is reported. The
      aetiology of septic arthritis may be traced to several predisposing factors and
      many specific agents. It would appear that the case presented is the result of
      predisposition of patients known to have RA to the complication septic arthritis.
      Some treatment recommendations are given.

PMID- 6575114
TI  - Activity of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-5,4-en isomerase in
      chorioallantois and amnion from pregnant sheep.
AB  - Activity of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-5,4-en isomerase (3 beta-HSD;
      pregnenolone to progesterone) was investigated in homogenates of chorioallantois
      and amnion obtained from sheep at three gestational ages (day 50, day 100 and
      term) using an isotope assay. Chorioallantois and, to a lesser extent, amnion
      possessed 3 beta-HSD at each gestational age studied. Activity in the
      chorioallantoic membrane was greater at term than at days 50 and 100, and was
      similar to that in the placenta at day 100 and term. Activity in the placenta was
      considerably greater at day 50 than at day 100 and term. The subcellular
      distribution of 3 beta-HSD in chorioallantoic membrane was particulate in nature.
      The mean Km values (+/- S.E.M.) were 56.8 +/- 5.5 and 39.0 +/- 8.7 nmol/l at day
      50 and term respectively. The mean Vmax values were 14.1 +/- 3.1 and 62.7 +/-
      11.4 pmol/min per mg protein at day 50 and term respectively. Several steroids
      inhibited the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone, particularly
      dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), oestrone and oestradiol. Oestrone and DHEA were
      competitive inhibitors. The Ki values were 19.6 +/- 5.9 and 40.2 +/- 14.7 nmol/l
      for oestrone and DHEA inhibition respectively. The results show that ovine fetal
      membranes have the capacity to convert pregnenolone to progesterone and
      demonstrate the possibility of inhibition by other steroids. Progesterone
      produced by the fetal membranes might influence the local intra-uterine steroid
      milieu during pregnancy and before parturition.

PMID- 6575115
TI  - Inactivation of prostaglandin E2 by rat isolated lung during the oestrous cycle.
AB  - The metabolism of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in lungs from female rats was measured
      during the stages of the oestrous cycle. In isolated lungs perfused through the
      pulmonary circulation, only 7-20% of PGE2 escaped metabolism, as measured by
      bioassay and radioimmunoassay. Within these limits, survival was highest at pro
      oestrus compared with metoestrus and dioestrus. Uptake of PGE2 from the pulmonary
      vasculature, assessed by measuring the efflux of radioactivity derived from
      [14C]PGE2 injected into the pulmonary circulation of the isolated lung, did not
      show cycle-related variations. Assay of [14C]PGE2 metabolism by tissue
      homogenates prepared from lungs taken at different stages of the oestrous cycle
      showed a significant decrease in enzyme activity at pro-oestrus compared with
      dioestrus. It is concluded that PGE2 metabolism in isolated rat lung is affected
      by the oestrous cycle and that the increased PGE2 survival at pro-oestrus may be
      more readily explained by changes in enzyme activity than by changes in uptake of
      substrate.

PMID- 6575116
TI  - [Evaluation of hemodialysis induced hypoxemia and leukopenia in Chinese uremics].

PMID- 6575118
TI  - [An epidemiological study on mass screening for uterine cancer in Taiwan area].

PMID- 6575117
TI  - Studies on platelet aggregation in patients with uremia.

PMID- 6575119
TI  - [Bony overgrowth at the amputation stump in children--3 cases report].

PMID- 6575120
TI  - [Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome--a case report].

PMID- 6575121
TI  - Right ventricular myxoma report of 2 cases and review of the literature.

PMID- 6575122
TI  - [Juvenile fibromatosis of mandible--a case report].

PMID- 6575123
TI  - The application of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of acute
      suppurative thyroiditis--a case report.

PMID- 6575124
TI  - [Primary myxedema with huge pericardial effusion--a case report].

PMID- 6575125
TI  - Endosseous porous polysulfone dental implants.

PMID- 6575126
TI  - Influence of the inspiratory effort and swallowing on the cardiovascular response
      to face immersion and breath-holding.

PMID- 6575127
TI  - Spironolactone-digoxin interaction.

PMID- 6575129
TI  - Coronary arteriovenous fistula.

PMID- 6575128
TI  - A study of disseminated intravascular coagulation.

PMID- 6575130
TI  - [Arthroscopy of the knee].

PMID- 6575131
TI  - [The normal main bile duct dimension (a real--time echographic study)].

PMID- 6575132
TI  - Congenital dysautonomia. A case with a posterior interhemispheric cyst and
      microcephaly.
AB  - A non-Jewish child had a congenital sensory and autonomic neuropathy, cerebral
      hypoplasia, and a posterior interhemispheric cyst. The clinical findings,
      neuropathologic changes in the spinal cord, the peripheral nerves, the sensory
      and autonomic ganglia, as well as sural nerve morphometry, showed similarities,
      but also differences from familial dysautonomia and hereditary sensory
      neuropathy, type IV. The relationship of this case to hereditary sensory
      neuropathies and dysautonomias is discussed, and it is suggested that this is an
      atypical form of familial dysautonomia with coincidental developmental
      abnormalities.

PMID- 6575133
TI  - Studies on the reactivity of polyacrylic acid with metal oxides.

PMID- 6575134
TI  - Oto-palato-digital syndrome observed in a girl and her younger brother.

PMID- 6575135
TI  - Enzymatic properties of glutamate dehydrogenase in rabbit masseters.

PMID- 6575136
TI  - Statistical observations of the use of dental materials at Nihon University
      Dental Hospital.

PMID- 6575137
TI  - A colorimetrical study on the gingival color of infants by an application of
      color film.

PMID- 6575138
TI  - A labial veneering technique using an autopolymerizing microfilled resin.

PMID- 6575139
TI  - An epidemiologic study of tooth decay in Newark school Children.

PMID- 6575140
TI  - Sera fatty acid effects on cultured rat splenocytes.
AB  - Rats were fed either a stock diet or purified diets containing either 10% by
      weight corn oil or linseed oil for 8 weeks. Splenocytes from rats on the stock
      ration were cultured for 48 hours in media containing either serum from the rats
      fed stock diet, corn oil or linseed oil, or fetal bovine serum (FBS). Populations
      were cultured without stimulation and with stimulation by leucogglutinin (PHA),
      and the production of prostaglandin F2 alpha by the cells was determined. The
      serum from the corn oil-fed rats differed markedly in composition from that of
      the linseed oil-fed rats notably in the higher level of arachidonic acid (20:4
      omega 6) and lower level of timnodonic acid (20:5 omega 3). FBS also had a lower
      level of 20:4 omega 6. These changes were reflected in the fatty acid composition
      of the spleen choline glycerophosphatide. PGF2 alpha production was significantly
      depressed in the medium from linseed oil-fed rats compared to the corn oil group.
      This effect was due to the competition of 20:5 omega 3 for the cyclooxygenase.
      Viability of cells was better in rat serum than in FBS. The study shows that when
      studying functions in cultured cells obtained from rats fed different dietary
      fats the dietary effect will be abrogated or modified by use of FBS in the
      medium.

PMID- 6575141
TI  - Total management of the TMJ patient.

PMID- 6575142
TI  - Headache and the aching jaw.

PMID- 6575143
TI  - Stability two years after mandibular advancement with and without suprahyoid
      myotomy: an experimental study.
AB  - Ten adult rhesus monkeys underwent mandibular advancement surgery of 4-6 mm with
      and without suprahyoid myotomy. Serial lateral cephalograms using radiopaque bone
      markers were obtained during maxillomandibular fixation and for 96 weeks after
      release of fixation to determine the effects of suprahyoid myotomy on short-term
      and long-term adaptations in the advanced mandible. The non-myotomy group
      exhibited a significant reduction in the length of the advanced mandible
      (relapse) during the fixation period but showed no significant change in
      mandibular length after release of fixation. The myotomy group exhibited no
      relapse during the fixation period and after release of fixation displayed a
      slight but statistically significant increase in mandibular length. This supports
      the hypothesis that stretching of the suprahyoid musculature as a result of
      mandibular advancement surgery is a major factor leading to skeletal relapse.

PMID- 6575144
TI  - An experimental study of hematoma formation after arterial and venous puncture.
AB  - Hematoma formation following the puncture of femoral veins or arteries of dogs
      was determined using mercury-filled strain gauges. Arterial bleeding always
      produced a hematoma. The duration of the swelling was prolonged if heparin was
      previously administered. Bleeding from the femoral vein did not produce a
      hematoma unless venous pressure was elevated by venous occlusion. The results
      indicate that the rapidly developing hematoma occasionally seen in dental
      practice following the administration of local anesthetics is of arterial origin.

PMID- 6575145
TI  - Ankylosis of the mandible: analysis of 76 cases.
AB  - A survey of 76 cases of ankylosis of the mandible in Nigerians is presented.
      Etiology, clinical features, radiographic findings, anesthetic techniques,
      surgical treatment, complications, and results are discussed. The operative
      technique used in each case depended on the site, extent, and type of ankylosis.
      Five-year follow-up data are reported. Of the 47 patients who were followed, the
      postoperative interincisal opening was retained in 25 (53.2%), varying degrees of
      reduction of mouth opening were observed in 17 (36.2%), and ankylosis recurred in
      five (10.6%). Lack of jaw opening exercise was believed to be responsible for
      relapse.

PMID- 6575146
TI  - Clinicopathologic conferences. Case 46, Part 1.

PMID- 6575147
TI  - Peripheral ameloblastoma.
AB  - Peripheral ameloblastoma is a rare odontogenic neoplasm, which arises in the
      tooth-bearing gingiva or other oral soft tissues and has no invasive character as
      compared with an intraosseous ameloblastoma. A new case of the neoplasm has been
      presented, and the literature concerning behavior, histogenesis, and treatment of
      this entity has been evaluated.

PMID- 6575148
TI  - The empty sella syndrome.
AB  - Oral and maxillofacial surgeons, in the course of patient evaluation, may
      incidentally discover abnormalities of the sella turcica. A large percentage of
      patients with sella deformities will be found to have the empty sella syndrome.
      The clinical and radiographic manifestations of this disorder, and the
      significance of this diagnosis, are discussed.

PMID- 6575149
TI  - Trismus resulting from a parotid hemangioma.
AB  - A case of a hemangioma in a 56-year-old man is given. The hemangioma interfered
      with the anterior movement of the condyloid process and caused severe trismus.
      Removal of the tumor produced immediate relief of the trismus.

PMID- 6575150
TI  - The use of acrylic spacers in orthognathic model surgery.
AB  - A technique has been presented for use in conjunction with model surgery that
      provides both a permanent record and a stabilization device for study models
      prior to and after their surgical repositioning. It is extremely useful during
      the planning of the surgery and as a permanent source of reference,
      postoperatively.

PMID- 6575151
TI  - Problems with removal of implants.

PMID- 6575153
TI  - The use of drains in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a review and a new approach.
AB  - The use of drains in oral and maxillofacial surgery is reviewed and discussed.
      Their relative advantages and disadvantages and potential complications are
      explained, and principles for wound drainage are developed. Use of the Jackson
      Pratt drainage system, a versatile type of suction that minimizes the
      complications associated with wound drainage, is described.

PMID- 6575152
TI  - A comparison of the cardiovascular and orofacial blood flow changes resulting
      from hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside and adenosine triphosphate in
      the rat.
AB  - These experiments compared the cardiovascular effects and the alterations in
      orofacial blood flow resulting from hypotension induced with sodium nitroprusside
      and adenosine triphosphate infusions in 30 male rats. The authors found that
      sodium nitroprusside did not significantly change heart rate or cardiac output,
      while adenosine triphosphate caused a significant decrease in heart rate
      associated with a small increase in cardiac output. Both hypotensive agents
      produced similar profound decreases in total peripheral resistance. Blood flows
      to orofacial structures were qualitatively similar with both agents. Both
      adenosine triphosphate and sodium nitroprusside caused decreased flows to the
      maxilla and mandible. Sodium nitroprusside increased flows to masseter and
      suprahyoid muscles. Adenosine triphosphate caused increased flows to suprahyoid
      muscles but masseter muscle flows were not significantly changed. Tongue flows
      responded similarly to both agents, initially decreasing, then returning to
      normotensive levels. Finally, sodium nitroprusside-induced hypotension was
      associated with the development of tachyphylaxis in some animals, whereas no
      similar problem was observed with use of adenosine triphosphate. The
      demonstration of reduced blood flows to orofacial bony structures and the absence
      of resistance or tachyphylaxis during adenosine triphosphate-induced hypotension
      support its usefulness as a hypotensive agent during orthognathic and other
      surgery.

PMID- 6575154
TI  - Computed tomography of the temporomandibular joint meniscus.
AB  - Fifteen patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction were examined by
      computed tomography using standard CT techniques. The data obtained were
      evaluated and correlated with arthrographic findings or surgical observations. CT
      scans may become a valid alternative to the often painful procedure of
      arthrography for assessment of temporomandibular joint pathology if the potential
      pitfalls are avoided.

PMID- 6575155
TI  - Management of the premaxilla in bilateral clefts.
AB  - Surgical management of the premaxilla in patients with bilateral clefting has
      been a controversial and perplexing problem. This paper discusses method and
      timing of treatment and proposes a philosophy of surgical management. By proper
      timing of repositioning procedures and bone grafting, more tissue can be salvaged
      and a more satisfactory functional result can be obtained.

PMID- 6575156
TI  - Early surgical management of cleidocranial dysplasia: a preliminary report.
AB  - Cleidocranial dysplasia is an interesting syndrome for the dental practitioner.
      The failure of eruption of the permanent teeth is secondary to both a mechanical
      obstruction and a lack of resorption of the overlying bone. Various modes of
      treatment have been suggested to manage this problem. We feel that early surgical
      management with serial uncovering of the permanent teeth is the best choice. This
      treatment will probably need to be combined with orthodontics or prosthetic care,
      depending on the success of the surgical procedures. In both of our cases the
      erupting teeth have been malaligned and malrotated, necessitating subsequent use
      of orthodontic appliances. To our knowledge these patients are among the youngest
      patients with cleidocranial dysplasia to undergo this treatment. Our preliminary
      results are encouraging.

PMID- 6575157
TI  - Reverse sagittal split of the mandibular ramus for an unusual deformity.
AB  - A reverse sagittal split osteotomy of the mandible for advancement or retraction
      of the mandible is described to be used in selected instances when the transoral
      modified sagittal ramus osteotomy would probably result in a pathologic fracture
      or an inadequate proximal segment. This procedure provides the same benefits as
      does the modified sagittal split osteotomy. A disadvantage of the procedure is
      that it requires both intraoral and extraoral incisions.

PMID- 6575158
TI  - An unusual adenomatoid odontogenic tumor presenting as a residual cyst.
AB  - An unusual case of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor of a 68-year-old edentulous man
      is presented. Clinically the lesion appeared to be a residual cyst of the
      maxillary canine region. This case varies from the norm with respect to age of
      the patient and clinical features.

PMID- 6575159
TI  - Malignant teratoma of the mandible.
AB  - A rare case of malignant teratoma of the mandible that resembled a dentigerous
      cyst radiographically is presented. Treatment by surgical resection and secondary
      reconstruction resulted in satisfactory function and esthetics.

PMID- 6575160
TI  - A modification of the pterygoid plate separation in low-level maxillary
      osteotomies.
AB  - The technical details of a modified procedure for separation of the pterygoid
      plates in low-level maxillary osteotomies is described. The cut is made through
      the tuberosity and ends at the posterior aspect of the hard palate, medial and
      anterior to the pterygomaxillary fissure. This technique provides several
      advantages over the more classically described posterior vertical cut through the
      pterygomaxillary suture. The major advantages are that it is anatomically less
      hazardous and allows greater mobility of the segments. It also permits a larger
      vascular pedicle to be maintained.

PMID- 6575161
TI  - The significance of cusps.
AB  - It has been argued that the prolonged retention of cusps in the human dentition
      is a relatively recent aberration due to the negligible abrasiveness of modern
      diets and that to achieve maximum efficiency and freedom from disease human teeth
      should be worn down as they are in many herbivorous mammals. Here we critically
      review the evidence that has been put forward to support this idea and, after
      discussing the design of occlusal surfaces in relation to the wide variety of
      mammalian diets, we conclude that cusps are adaptations for breaking food with
      specific physical properties.

PMID- 6575162
TI  - Influence of experimental interfering occlusal contacts on the activity of the
      anterior temporal and masseter muscles during submaximal and maximal bite in the
      intercuspal position.
AB  - The effects of an intercuspal occlusal interference on the pattern of activity of
      the anterior temporal and masseter muscles during submaximal and maximal bite,
      were studied in eleven volunteers with complete, natural dentitions. The results
      show that, during maximal and submaximal bite an occlusal interference (about 0.5
      mm) in the intercuspal position is able to disturb the almost symmetric pattern
      of muscular activity in the anterior temporal and masseter muscles. Further, the
      level of muscular activity during maximal bite decreased significantly in all
      muscles studied. In some subjects, the decrease of muscular activity could still
      be observed one week after insertion of the interfering contact. After
      eliminating the interference, the muscular co-ordination pattern improved and the
      level of muscular activity increased significantly.

PMID- 6575163
TI  - An assessment of new dental ultraviolet sources and u.v.-polymerized fissure
      sealants.
AB  - The performance of six dental ultraviolet (u.v.) sources was assessed to
      establish minimum output requirements and possible u.v. hazards. Exposure
      criteria for u.v.-cured materials (Nuva-seal P.A., Nuva-cote P.A., Nuva-fil P.A.,
      Lee-seal, u.v.-Dentoseal, Uviobond, Visiobond) were assessed by determining
      setting time-intensity characteristics, u.v. transmission and microhardness as a
      function of u.v. intensity and depth. A minimum intensity of 10 mW cm-2 was
      required for adequate curing and both Nuva-seal P.A. and Nuva-cote P.A. set well
      in depth with realistic exposures. Total u.v. outputs, average intensities and
      spatial distributions were assessed for the u.v. sources, most of which were well
      above minimum requirements. Ultraviolet spectra and maximum permissible exposure
      measurements indicated that all of the sources were safe in normal use.

PMID- 6575164
TI  - The wearing of complete dentures: guidance to patients.

PMID- 6575165
TI  - Influence of auriculotemporal nerve anaesthesia on the masseteric silent period.
AB  - Silent periods were evoked from the masseter muscles bilaterally in response to
      chin taps during a clench. Injection of 0.75 ml of 3% Mepivicaine posteromedial
      to each condyle led to a distribution of skin anaesthesia consistent with the
      distribution of the auriculotemporal nerve. Silent periods were evoked prior to
      and during anaesthesia in ten subjects. The silent period latencies (mean +/-
      standard deviation) prior to anaesthesia were 12.5 +/- 1.8 ms and 11.9 +/- 2.5 ms
      in the right and left masseters. During anaesthesia the latency decreased by 0.3
      +/- 1.3 ms in the right masseter and by 0.3 +/- 2.1 ms on the left masseter.
      Neither change was statistically significant (P greater than 0.05). The silent
      period durations prior to anaesthesia were 20.3 +/- 4.0 ms and +/- 22.8 +/- 7.1
      ms in the right and left masseters. During anaesthesia, these decreased by 2.74
      +/- 5.8 ms on the right and 2.15 +/- 4.4 ms on the left. These decreases were not
      statistically significant (P greater than 0.05). These results failed to
      demonstrate an influence of the predominant nerve supply of the TMJ on either the
      latency or the duration of the masseteric silent period.

PMID- 6575166
TI  - An analysis of tooth position on initial tooth contact.
AB  - A closed circuit television movement detector was used to study mandibular
      movement in the form of tooth tapping, in subjects with no apparent dental
      disease or malocclusion. The velocity and form of various phases of movement was
      studied, in the transverse, sagittal and coronal planes, from measurements made
      on u.v. charts and X-Y recordings. It was shown that closing movements were more
      direct and faster than opening movements; that initial contact on closing is in a
      well-defined contact area, followed by a sliding of cusps over each other to a
      final centric position and that the closing path of the mandible in tapping
      movements is in the form of a smooth curve showing simple axis rotation through
      distances normally greater than those accepted clinically. It was also shown that
      microphone signals can be detected at times other than when normally expected,
      indicating displacement with tooth contact, at times other than at the fully
      intercuspated position.

PMID- 6575167
TI  - Geographic comparisons of the incidence of dental erosion: a two centre study.
AB  - This study revealed that the premolars in both arches are most commonly afflicted
      with erosion. The same results were obtained in an earlier study conducted by
      Sognnaes, Wolcott & Xhonga (1972) and Xhonga, Wolcott & Sognnaes (1972)
      evaluating the erosion pattern on extracted teeth. These findings should be
      helpful in further investigation into the aetiology and treatment. Educational,
      epidemiological and preventive concerns derive from a study establishing the
      dental erosion frequency on a large population sample (approximately 600
      individuals and 1500 teeth). The comparative results for both locations used will
      provide a more significant basis for future studies of a similar nature.

PMID- 6575168
TI  - Invasive aspergillosis of paranasal tissues in children with malignancies.
AB  - Paranasal aspergillosis was encountered in five children with relapsed
      malignancies. All had received broad-spectrum antibiotics within two weeks of
      development of aspergillosis, and all had absolute granulocyte counts less than
      200/mm3 for at least three weeks. None had received prior antifungal therapy.
      There was an average delay of eight days before the correct diagnosis was
      established by either biopsy or culture. These data emphasize the need to obtain
      surveillance cultures of the upper respiratory tract passages in severely
      neutropenic patients receiving prolonged antibiotic therapy, and raise a question
      concerning prophylactic use of antifungal therapy in this group.

PMID- 6575169
TI  - Intraluminal gastric prostaglandin E2 concentration in critically ill children:
      effect of hypoxia and acidosis.

PMID- 6575170
TI  - Prepubertal periodontitis. I. Definition of a clinical disease entity.

PMID- 6575171
TI  - Healing following implantation of healthy roots, with and without periodontal
      ligament tissue, in the oral mucosa.
AB  - This investigation, involving 44 patients, studied the physiological interactions
      of human dentine and cementum with the connective tissue of the oral mucosa by
      means of 26 autogenous implants of root fragments without periodontal ligament,
      and 18 implants with periodontal ligament. The implants together with the
      adjacent tissues were removed between the 3rd and 26th week after implantation.
      The implants without periodontal ligament failed to form cementum or bone-like
      tissue and in the 26th week they still showed resorption. Ten implants with
      periodontal ligament showed deposition of cementum with collagen fibers attached
      to it after the 12th week. The formation of new attachment with new cementum
      deposition on the dentine or on the old cementum could be ascribed to the
      influence of cells of the remaining periodontal ligament on the implanted root
      fragments.

PMID- 6575172
TI  - Self-inflicted gingival injuries: literature review and case report.
AB  - A case of self-inflicted gingival injury in a 25-year-old male patient caused by
      compulsively overzealous oral hygiene practices is presented. Such injuries are
      rare among adults and, therefore, can be difficult to diagnose. Most reported
      cases have involved children who produced their injuries during periods of
      emotional turmoil. Evidence in this case indicates that this patient may have
      initiated the destructive process as a child. Guidelines which many help the
      clinician recognize self-inflicted gingival injuries are presented.

PMID- 6575173
TI  - The effect of vitamin E on the healing of gingival wounds in rats.
AB  - Forty male and female albino rats received a standardized gingival wound
      (gingivectomy) between the mandibular incisor teeth. One half of the animals
      received 60 I.U. of d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate daily, administered orally by
      pipette. An additional control group of 20 animals was not wounded and half of
      these animals received 60 I.U. of d-alpha-tocopheryl daily. Four animals in each
      of the two gingivectomy groups (Groups 1, 2) were sacrificed at periods of 1, 2,
      4, 7 and 14 days following gingivectomy. Two animals in each of two control
      unwounded groups (Groups 3, 4) were sacrificed at similar times. Gingival healing
      was studied grossly and histologically. The animals receiving the vitamin E
      supplements healed more rapidly, with almost complete restoration of gingiva by 7
      days. Complete healing was seen in both control and experimental groups by 14
      days. Vitamin E was shown to accelerate gingival wound healing in experimental
      animals.

PMID- 6575174
TI  - Biphasic blood pressure response to angiotensin II in the conscious rabbit:
      relation to prostaglandins.
AB  - The injection of a large bolus of angiotensin II causes a biphasic blood pressure
      response in the conscious rabbit. To investigate contribution of prostaglandins
      (PGs) to the depressor phase of the blood pressure response, we studied the blood
      pressure effect of i.v. bolus injections of angiotensin II before and after the
      administration of an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, indomethacin or sodium
      meclofenamate (10 mg kg-1), and in relation to associated changes in the plasma
      concentration of immunoreactive PGs. In conscious rabbits, angiotensin II (0.05
      5.00 microgram kg-1) produced a dose-related pressor response which at both 1.5
      and 5.0 micrograms kg-1 was followed by lowering of blood pressure to below the
      preinjection level. Neither indomethacin nor meclofenamate affected the maximal
      rise in pressure produced by angiotensin II, but both cyclooxygenase inhibitors
      augmented the duration of the pressor phase and abolished the depressor phase of
      the hemodynamic response to angiotensin II at 1.5 to 5.0 micrograms kg-1. After
      administration of angiotensin II, 5 micrograms kg-1, the plasma concentration of
      6-keto-PGF1 alpha increased (P less than .01) from 218 +/- 21 pg/ml by 221 and
      235% during the pressor and the depressor phases of the blood pressure response,
      respectively. Increments in plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha correlated inversely with
      the duration of the pressor phase and directly with the maximal lowering of blood
      pressure during the depressor phase. Plasma levels of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha also
      were increased by the peptide but the increments were not correlated with any
      aspect of the blood pressure response. These data suggest that a mechanism
      involving PGs both curtails the pressor phase and mediates the depressor phase of
      the hemodynamic response to pharmacological doses of angiotensin II in the
      conscious rabbit.

PMID- 6575175
TI  - Role of the extra-follicular compartment in the ovulation of isolated rabbit
      ovarian follicles.
AB  - Ovulation was never observed, even in the presence of gonadotrophins, when
      preovulatory follicles isolated from oestrous does were cultured in vitro (n =
      112). If the follicles were co-cultured with pieces of ovarian tissue and
      gonadotrophins, then 50% ovulated (P less than 0.01). Attempts to replace the
      ovarian tissue by various steroid hormones or prostaglandins did not result in
      follicular rupture except when PGE-2 was used (23.8%, P less than 0.05). We
      suggest that gonadotrophins have an immediate (less than 1 h) action upon the
      follicle and ovarian interstitial tissue simultaneously. The response of the
      ovarian tissue to gonadotrophins is essential for eventual follicular rupture and
      involves PGE-2.

PMID- 6575176
TI  - Sex-selection procedures.

PMID- 6575178
TI  - Depression in the elderly: principles of tricyclic antidepressant treatment.

PMID- 6575177
TI  - Relationship between protein binding and extravascular drug concentrations of a
      water-soluble drug, cytosine arabinoside.
AB  - The degree of binding of a drug to plasma proteins has a marked effect on its
      distribution, elimination, and pharmacological effect. Since only the unbound
      fraction is available for distribution into extravascular space, the ratio of
      drug in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or saliva to that in plasma is often regarded
      as a physiological measure of the free fraction of a drug. CSF: plasma and
      saliva: plasma ratios of cytosine arabinoside (araC) have been measured in
      patients with acute leukaemia and found to be 0.1-0.28, implying a binding of 72
      90%. The protein binding of araC was measured by equilibrium dialysis in the
      plasma of patients with acute leukaemia at presentation. The mean binding ratio
      was 2.3 +/- 6.8, implying that there was little or no protein binding. There was
      no correlation between alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AAG) levels and protein
      binding. The low CSF and saliva: plasma araC ratios found, suggest that drugs
      such as araC which have low lipid solubility do not pass freely into
      extravascular space. Thus the CSF or saliva: plasma ratio cannot be considered a
      good physiological measure of protein binding for drugs with poor lipid
      solubility.

PMID- 6575179
TI  - The pathophysiology of head trauma.

PMID- 6575180
TI  - Digital subtraction angiography.

PMID- 6575181
TI  - Netilmicin in the treatment of gram-negative bacillary infections.

PMID- 6575182
TI  - Total electrical alternans.

PMID- 6575184
TI  - The impaired physicians program. Education.

PMID- 6575183
TI  - Pasteurella multocida empyema with septicemia.

PMID- 6575185
TI  - Medical ethics. Withholding the truth.

PMID- 6575186
TI  - Professional liability insurance as a condition for staff membership.

PMID- 6575187
TI  - Interstitial cellular components in the kidney of man and other vertebrates.

PMID- 6575188
TI  - Hypoperfusion and absent ventilation to the lung from mucous obstruction.

PMID- 6575189
TI  - Diverticulitis of the terminal ileum.

PMID- 6575190
TI  - The impaired physicians program. Confrontation.

PMID- 6575191
TI  - Hospital leadership.

PMID- 6575192
TI  - Chemoimmunoprophylaxis of an experimental bladder cancer with retinoids and
      Bacillus Calmette Guerin.
AB  - The prophylactic effect of 2 retinoids (Ro 4-3780 and Ro 10-9359), either alone
      or in combination with Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), was studied in an
      experimental murine bladder tumor model. The incidence of tumor takes in all
      treatment groups was lower than in the control group. Both BCG and Ro 10-9359
      were effective in decreasing the percentage of tumor takes and the simultaneous
      use of these agents was more effective than either one alone. Ro 10-9359 was
      found to possess more antitumor activity than Ro 4-3780 in this tumor model.
      Treatment of mice with a combination of Ro 10-9359 and BCG resulted in an 83.3
      per cent incidence of complete tumor regression within 80 days. Results suggest
      that vitamin A derivatives may be useful in the prevention and treatment of
      bladder cancer and that the activity is likely potentiated by nonspecific
      stimulation.

PMID- 6575193
TI  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with monosomy 7 in a Hiroshima survivor 37 years
      after the bomb.
AB  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) developed in a 53-year-old survivor of the
      Hiroshima bomb blast. Chromosomal analysis disclosed a single abnormality,
      deletion of chromosome 7. This deletion has been reported in patients with
      radiation exposure, but it is uncommon in adults with ALL. The karyotypic
      abnormality suggests that our patient's leukemia may be related to prior
      radiation exposure despite a 37-year hiatus. The findings raise further questions
      about the persistent risk of leukemia among atomic bomb survivors.

PMID- 6575194
TI  - [Effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) on gastric emptying, small bowel
      transit time, gut hormone release and blood glucose].

PMID- 6575196
TI  - Vibrational relaxation on hydrogen bonding in dinucleoside phosphate.

PMID- 6575195
TI  - [Primary osteosarcoma of the lung--a case report].

PMID- 6575197
TI  - Epidemic acquired immune deficiency syndrome: epidemiologic evidence for a
      transmissible agent.

PMID- 6575198
TI  - Differential expression of tumor-associated antigens in human colon carcinomas
      xenografted into nude mice.
AB  - The tumor-associated antigen profile of a number of different human colon
      carcinomas xenografted into inbred Swiss nude mice was examined to determine
      whether the tumors could serve as useful models for antigen purification,
      radioimmunodetection, and immunotherapy. Extreme heterogeneity was observed both
      by radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemical procedures for the expression of
      carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), colon-specific antigens (CSAp), and colonic mucin
      antigen (CMA) within the tumors. Four of 10 tumors (DLD-2, DLD-3, DLD-5, and HCT
      10) were high producers of CEA (greater than 75 micrograms/g wet tissue wt). Two
      of these (DLD-2 and HCT-10) correlated with a high production of CSAp and CMA,
      whereas the other 2 produced low quantities of these antigens. Another tumor, HCT
      14-OM1, produced large amounts of CMA yet produced moderate amounts of CEA and
      low quantities of CSAp. Immunohistochemical analyses of CEA gave a mostly diffuse
      cellular and cell surface staining for all of the tumors. Staining for CSAp was
      very focal, as in DLD-5 where only a few of the tumor cells were stained.
      Staining of CMA was limited; however, DLD-2, HCT-10, and HCT-14-OM1 showed
      intense cystoplasmic and intraluminal staining. A determination of the tumor
      antigen profile may be useful in characterization and classification of the tumor
      as well as enabling the selection of the proper antibody or antibodies for
      immunodetection and immunotherapy.

PMID- 6575199
TI  - Early histopathologic events to evolution of colon cancer in C57BL/6 and CF1 mice
      treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine.
AB  - After administration of the intestinal carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH),
      C57BL/6J and CF1 mice were observed for early precursor lesions to large bowel
      cancer. Among the initial events seen following DMH treatment, an abrupt
      reduction in colonic DNA synthesis was the earliest lesion detectable. The
      frequency of aberrant colonic nuclei rose shortly after DMH treatment, reaching a
      maximum value 24 hours later and remaining elevated for 3 days following the
      exposure. Mucin changes, detected histochemically, and cell kinetic alterations
      in crypt proliferation rates were observed much later and were a constant feature
      for both strains following 4 weekly treatments with DMH, while carcinomas
      appeared in all animals 32 weeks after the start of DMH treatment. The
      quantitative comparison of these histopathologic observations for the early
      detection of colon cancer suggests that the induction of colonic nuclear
      aberrations in the mucosa of the large bowel might provide a sensitive and rapid
      indication of genotoxicity to this organ and thus might provide the basis for a
      screening methodology for colon carcinogens.

PMID- 6575200
TI  - Nuclear aberrations as a short-term test for genotoxicity to the colon:
      evaluation of nineteen agents in mice.
AB  - The genotoxicity of 16 agents including several hydrazines, nitrosamines,
      aromatic amines, polycyclic hydrocarbons, and other related compounds and three
      known inhibitors of carcinogenesis was assessed in the murine colonic nuclear
      aberration assay. Of the seven agents considered positive for colonic DNA damage,
      five were large bowel carcinogens. All structural analogues of the intestinal
      carcinogens that are tumorigenic for other organs, with the exception of
      benzo[a]pyrene, were negative in the colonic nuclear aberration assay as were all
      noncarcinogens tested. The metabolic inhibitor disulfiram completely inhibited
      1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic nuclear damage, while inhibition was less
      marked for the antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole and caffeic acid. The
      versatility of the assay as an indicator of colonic genotoxicity resulting from
      carcinogen exposure is discussed.

PMID- 6575201
TI  - Immunologic, biochemical, and ultrastructural characterization of the leukemia
      cell in F344 rats.
AB  - Immunologic, biochemical, and morphologic characteristics of the mononuclear cell
      from the leukemia of F344 rats were determined. The cells were morphologically
      similar to large granular lymphocytes (LGL). Surface marker analysis revealed Fc
      gamma receptors, no Fc gamma receptor or complement receptor activity, and an
      inability to spontaneously rosette guinea pig erythrocytes. Leukemia cells also
      had a surface immunoglobulin that hemagglutinated normal rat erythrocytes. The
      surface immunoglobulin and Fc gamma receptors dissociated from the cell after 2
      hours of in vitro incubation, but Fc gamma receptor activity was reexpressed
      after 6 hours of in vitro incubation. Cells were capable of adherence to glass
      surfaces but had a low capacity for phagocytosis of latex beads. Cytochemical
      analysis revealed a consistent, strongly positive reaction for esterase that was
      sensitive to NaF. The cytochemical profile of the leukemia cell was similar to
      that described for LGL.

PMID- 6575202
TI  - Genotypic and phenotypic evolution of a murine tumor during its progression in
      vivo toward metastasis.
AB  - To follow the cellular progeny of the multiple-drug-marked benign murine tumor
      cell line MDW4 during its progression in vivo toward metastatic spread in DBA/2
      mice, the following parameters were analyzed: retention of the drug-resistant
      markers ouabain resistance (OuaR) and thioguanine resistance (ThgR), lectin
      resistance pattern (WGAR), and the karyotype of cell populations (and clones
      derived from these cells) removed at intervals from the solid tumor growing at
      the site of inoculation, as well as distant metastatic nodules. It was determined
      that the initially homogeneous inoculum composed of OuaR, ThgR, and WGAR
      hypotetraploid cells (mode: 68 +/- 2 chromosomes) was gradually overgrown and
      replaced by a new population of cells that were either OuaR or ouabain-sensitive
      but that became thioguanine-and lectin-sensitive and hyperploid (mode: 95 +/- 5).
      Regardless of the composition of the individual drug marker combinations, only
      cells with high chromosome contents were found to be able to disseminate to
      distant visceral organs and to rapidly produce metastases upon sc or iv
      reinjection. The presence of the same number of metacentric chromosomes in
      metastatic cells as in MDW4 and the coextinction of two recessive drug-resistant
      markers (WGAR and ThgR) suggested that cells endowed with invasive-metastatic
      potential represent the product of spontaneous somatic hybridization between the
      original nonmetastatic MDW4 cells and normal host cells of unknown origin. Such a
      fusion was followed by more or less extensive chromosome segregation that
      accounts for the karyotype mosaicism and the occasional drug marker heterogeneity
      identified in cell populations of metastatic nodules.

PMID- 6575204
TI  - Effect of duration of high fat intake on enhancement of mammary carcinogenesis in
      rats.
AB  - The relationship between dietary fat and mammary carcinogenesis was studied in
      weanling female inbred Fischer rats fed a purified, high-fat, low-carbohydrate
      (HF) or a purified, low-fat, high-carbohydrate (LF) diet and given N-nitroso-N
      methylurea (NMU) at 50, 90, or 133 days of age. By a change in the diet at
      different times after NMU treatment (50 mg/kg body wt), it was found that mammary
      tumor incidence was positively correlated with the time period that the rats were
      fed an HF diet. A dose-response effect of NMU at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg/kg
      body weight was also studied in groups of rats fed an HF or an LF diet. The
      results show an optimal carcinogenic dose of 50 mg NMU/kg body weight and a
      threshold dose of 27 mg NMU/kg body weight. The data conclusively demonstrated
      that the HF diet enhanced mammary carcinogenesis at every dose level of NMU,
      except 10 mg/kg. Further, the experiments also showed that an HF diet failed to
      promote mammary carcinogenesis in rats receiving a subthreshold dose (20 mg/kg
      body wt) of NMU. Altogether, the data demonstrate that an HF diet is not just a
      promoter but is in fact co-carcinogenic in mammary tumor induction by a chemical
      carcinogen.

PMID- 6575203
TI  - Promotion of syngeneic intraocular tumor growth in mice by anterior chamber
      associated immune deviation.
AB  - Regressor tumors (P91 and UV-5C25), known to express potent tumor-specific
      transplantation antigens, were briskly rejected when transplanted either sc or ip
      into syngeneic mice (DBA/2 and BALB/c, respectively). These tumors demonstrated
      markedly different behavior following transplantation into the anterior chamber
      of syngeneic mice. Tumors grew to significant masses and survived for prolonged
      periods within the anterior chamber of the eye. The extended growth and survival
      of regressor tumors in the anterior chamber (i.e. immune privilege) were
      abrogated by splenectomy and thus resemble anterior chamber-associated immune
      deviation. However, this immune privilege proved to be temporary and was
      superseded by complete tumor resolution. Studies of mice immunosuppressed with UV
      light or X-ray irradiation demonstrated that spontaneous intraocular resolution
      of regressor tumors was due to specific systemic immunity that not only led to
      intraocular tumor resolution but also prevented the spread of the primary
      intraocular tumor to distant organs and rendered the hosts highly resistant to
      secondary challenge with sc tumor inocula. The present findings were relevant to
      understanding human retinoblastoma, an intraocular neoplasm demonstrating a high
      incidence of spontaneous resolution, and will hopefully form a foundation for
      designing, immunotherapeutic strategies for treating human intraocular neoplasms.

PMID- 6575205
TI  - Endocardial tumors induced by carbamate or fluorenylacetamide derivatives in
      rats.
AB  - Endocardial tumors were induced in 18 rats treated with derivatives of carbamates
      and in 4 rats treated with derivatives of fluorenylacetamide. The endocardial
      tumor of 1 rat treated with N,N'-2,7-fluorenylenebisacetamide metastasized to the
      lung. This is the first report of metastasis of an endocardial tumor. Among the
      more than 60,000 accessions at the Registry of Experimental Cancers, Division of
      Cancer Cause and Prevention, National Cancer Institute, there are 4 untreated
      rats with endocardial tumors. On the basis of the light microscopic morphology,
      we have classified these endocardial tumors as mesenchymal.

PMID- 6575206
TI  - Evaluation of a radioimmunoassay for alpha 1-acid glycoprotein to monitor therapy
      of cancer patients.
AB  - A new radioimmunoassay for alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) for monitoring the
      therapy of cancer patients was evaluated. Plasma levels of this glycoprotein were
      measured in 49 normal healthy volunteers, 71 patients with illnesses other than
      cancer, 190 patients with solid tumors, and 58 patients with hematologic
      neoplasms. Plasma levels of AGP were elevated in 89% of the solid tumor patients
      and 87% of the patients with hematologic neoplasms who had newly diagnosed,
      locally recurrent, or metastatic cancer. Only 18% of patients with illnesses
      other than cancer and normal renal function had elevations of plasma AGP. Serial
      measurements of AGP may be useful for monitoring therapy in several tumor types,
      including small-cell lung cancer, colon cancer, lymphoma, and non-small-cell lung
      cancer.

PMID- 6575207
TI  - Lung cancer and other causes of death among licensed pesticide applicators.
AB  - The mortality experience of a cohort of 3,827 white men licensed to apply
      pesticides in Florida was evaluated to investigate health effects associated with
      chronic exposure to pesticides. Although the overall standardized mortality ratio
      (SMR) for these structural pest control workers was not significantly elevated
      (SMR = 103), excess deaths were observed for leukemia, particularly acute myeloid
      leukemia (3 observed vs. 0.9 expected), and cancers of the brain (SMR = 200) and
      lung (SMR = 135). The risk of lung cancer rose with the number of years licensed
      with SMR of 101, 155, and 289 among those licensed for less than 10 years, for 10
      19 years, and for 20 years or more, respectively. Ratios of directly adjusted
      rates showed similar patterns with observed-to-expected ratios of 100, 175, and
      186 for the length of licensure categories. Mortality from lung cancer was
      greater among persons first licensed before age 40 (SMR = 234) than among those
      first licensed after age 40 (SMR = 115). Although information on tobacco use was
      not available, the increasing risk of lung cancer with number of years licensed
      and the capacity of certain pesticides to produce neoplasms in laboratory animals
      suggested that some pesticides may be carcinogenic in humans.

PMID- 6575208
TI  - Prognostic significance of leukocyte-dependent antibody activity in melanoma
      patients.
AB  - Sera from patients with melanoma and control subjects were examined for leukocyte
      dependent antibody (LDA) activity against cultured melanoma and control
      nonmelanoma target cells in 51Cr release cytotoxicity assays. In over a third of
      344 melanoma patients, LDA activity against melanoma cells was related to tumor
      growth, shown by disappearance of the LDA after surgical removal of melanoma.
      Tumor-related LDA activity was not detected in 143 controls with various
      nonmelanoma malignant conditions and benign skin lesions. Approximately 5% of the
      patients had high-titer melanoma LDA that was unchanged by surgical removal of
      the tumor, and 15% had melanoma LDA revealed in their sera only after the sera
      had been treated to dissociate immune complexes. In patients with stage I
      melanoma, the disease-free interval was significantly longer in those with tumor
      related LDA compared to those with no LDA. Analysis of the data in relation to
      known prognostic variables suggested that the main influence of LDA on
      prolongation of the disease-free interval was in males. An association between
      tumor-related LDA and a longer disease-free interval was also apparent in
      patients with stage II melanoma at first presentation but not in those with
      recurrence after prior treatment of primary melanoma. The results suggest that
      LDA activity against melanoma cells in the sera of patients after surgical
      removal of stage I or stage II melanoma is a favorable prognostic factor. Further
      studies are needed to determine whether induction of melanoma LDA by
      immunotherapy may improve the outcome in patients without naturally occurring
      LDA.

PMID- 6575209
TI  - Oral contraceptive use and fibrocystic breast disease with special reference to
      its histopathology.
AB  - The relationship between use of oral contraceptives and fibrocystic breast
      disease was examined in a hospital-based case-control study undertaken in New
      Haven, Connecticut, from 1977 to 1979. Particular emphasis was placed on the
      extent of epithelial atypia and other histopathologic characteristics found in
      the biopsy specimens from the cases. Women who had ever used oral contraceptives
      were at a somewhat decreased risk for fibrocystic disease as a whole. Cases with
      high atypia and controls had similar patterns of oral contraceptive use, whereas
      cases with low and intermediate atypia had less oral contraceptive use than
      controls. Cases with intermediate atypia reported the lowest oral contraceptive
      use. Subjects with biopsy specimens exhibiting gross cysts, microscopic cysts, or
      papillomatosis were about 50% less likely to have used oral contraceptives than
      controls.

PMID- 6575210
TI  - Antiestrogenic action of 3-hydroxytamoxifen in the human breast cancer cell line
      MCF-7.
AB  - The antiestrogenic action of 3-hydroxytamoxifen [trans-1-(4-beta
      dimethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2 -phenylbut-1-ene] was
      characterized in vitro and compared with that of tamoxifen [trans-1-(4-beta
      dimethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-1,2-diphenylbut-1-ene]. The relative binding
      affinities of 3-hydroxytamoxifen to estrogen receptor were 3.3% in cytosol of MCF
      7 cells and 1.5% in human mammary carcinoma cytosol compared to values of 0.2 and
      0.3% for tamoxifen (the affinity of 17 beta-estradiol considered to be 100%). The
      concentration of 3-hydroxytamoxifen necessary to suppress the 17 beta-estradiol
      induced growth stimulation of MCF-7 cells was about tenfold lower than that for
      tamoxifen. The induction of progesterone receptor in MCF-7 cells by 17 beta
      estradiol was inhibited by 3-hydroxytamoxifen. In the absence of 17 beta
      estradiol, 3-hydroxytamoxifen gave rise to a moderate increase in the
      progesterone receptor levels, which demonstrates the partially estrogenic
      character of hydroxytamoxifen.

PMID- 6575211
TI  - Primary harderian gland neoplasms in mice.
AB  - Five hundred and seventy-four spontaneous harderian gland neoplasms were observed
      in 3,123 male and 9,024 female untreated experimental mice of various ages and of
      6 inbred strains and substrains and 3 hybrid stocks. Adenomas occurred in 86
      males and 458 females, and adenocarcinomas were present in 3 males and 27
      females. The highest tumor incidence occurred in mice after 24 months of age; no
      tumors were observed in any mice prior to 6 months of age. With the exception of
      1 age group, both sexes of the BALB/c mice had the highest incidence, and also
      this strain accounted for 463 of the neoplasms. The adenomas were classified into
      one of four different histologic types: papillary, cystic papillary, acinar, and
      cystic. The papillary type was the most frequently observed in both sexes. The
      cystic papillary type was the second most frequently observed and was the type
      most frequently associated with gross lesions. This type may represent a
      developmental variant of the papillary type. The incidence of the acinar type was
      similar in both sexes. The cystic type had the lowest incidence. All except 3
      adenocarcinomas appeared to evolve from adenomas, with evolvement occurring
      primarily in the acinar type. Five of the adenocarcinomas either metastasized to
      the lung or invaded periorbital tissues. The remaining 25 were confined to the
      harderian gland.

PMID- 6575212
TI  - Effects of phorbol esters on normal and tumorous mouse mammary epithelial cells
      embedded in collagen gels.
AB  - The effects of phorbol esters on mammary epithelial cells from BALB/cfC3H/Crgl
      "midpregnant mice" (i.e., mice at the midterm of pregnancy) and from mammary
      adenocarcinomas (also from BALB/cfC3H/Crgl mice) grown in a collagen gel matrix
      were studied. 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), when added to the
      media, caused an increased proliferation of both normal and cancerous mammary
      epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. The degree of enhancement of
      proliferation by TPA ranged from no increase in cell number at 3% swine serum
      (SW) concentration to two to three times the number of cells in the control
      cultures when 10 or 25% SW was used. Optimal growth was obtained with a TPA
      concentration of 0.1 or 1.0 microgram/ml. Increasing the SW concentration (3, 5,
      10, or 25%) enhanced the proliferative effect of TPA. Cholera toxin (0.01
      microgram/ml) enhanced the proliferative effect of TPA on normal cells but had a
      variable effect on tumor cells. The addition of TPA also resulted in a
      morphologic change in the epithelial colonies from midpregnant mice and from
      mammary tumors and caused them to assume a fibroblastic appearance. The addition
      of 4 alpha-phorbol or 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate to mammary epithelial
      cultures had no proliferative or morphologic effect. The results demonstrate that
      TPA has a growth-promoting effect on normal and cancerous mouse mammary
      epithelial cells.

PMID- 6575213
TI  - Inhibitory effects of molybdenum on esophageal and forestomach carcinogenesis in
      rats.
AB  - Male weanling inbred SD rats were given ad libitum a nutritionally adequate
      semipurified diet and demineralized drinking water without or with 100 or 200 ppm
      tungsten (W) or 2 or 20 ppm molybdenum (Mo) added to the drinking water. The
      animals were gastrically intubated with a solution of N-nitrososarcosine ethyl
      ester (NSEE) from the 4th week twice weekly for 2-8 consecutive weeks. The
      addition of Mo at either the 2- or 20-ppm level significantly inhibited NSEE
      induced esophageal and forestomach carcinogenesis. The 200 ppm W significantly
      countered the inhibitory effect of a low level of Mo naturally occurring in the
      diet.

PMID- 6575214
TI  - Liver and forestomach tumors and other forestomach lesions in rats treated with
      morpholine and sodium nitrite, with and without sodium ascorbate.
AB  - Administration to rats of ascorbate with morpholine and nitrite was previously
      shown to inhibit the liver tumor production and to enhance the induction of
      forestomach tumors, as compared to treatment with morpholine and nitrite. In a
      repetition of this experiment, 10 g morpholine/kg in the diet and 2 g sodium
      nitrite/liter in the drinking water were administered for life to male MRC-Wistar
      rats without (group 1) or with (group 2) 22.7 g sodium ascorbate/kg in the diet.
      Group 3 was untreated. Group 2 showed a lower liver tumor incidence with a longer
      latency than group 1, indicating a 78% inhibition by ascorbate of in vivo N
      nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) formation. The incidence of forestomach papillomas was
      3% in group 1, 38% in group 2, and 8% in group 3. The difference between groups 1
      and 2 was not significant due to the shorter life-span of group 1. Group 1 and
      especially group 2 had more forestomach hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis than group
      3. Ascorbate might have enhanced induction of these lesions because of an action
      synergistic with that of NMOR. However, it is most likely that the lowered NMOR
      dose and concomitantly increased survival produced by the ascorbate were solely
      responsible for the increased incidence of forestomach papillomas and other
      lesions in group 2.

PMID- 6575215
TI  - Inhibition by tuftsin of Rauscher virus leukemia development in mice.
AB  - The antitumor effect of tuftsin, the natural phagocytosis-stimulating peptide, on
      leukemia induced by Rauscher murine leukemia virus (R-MuLV) was studied in vivo
      in SWR inbred mice. Tuftsin was found capable of significantly increasing the
      survival of R-MuLV-infected mice. The peptide, when injected both ip and iv into
      mice, exerted its activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Optimal
      antitumor activity was achieved upon administration of 25 micrograms tuftsin 4
      days before R-MuLV inoculation.

PMID- 6575216
TI  - The National Cooperative Dialysis Study.

PMID- 6575217
TI  - [Changes of therapy results in acute leukemia under different treatment schedules
      with special reference to gnotobiotic measures].

PMID- 6575219
TI  - A new mutant of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) characterized by
      generalized glycogenosis.
AB  - A flock of Japanese quail with generalized glycogenosis has been established.
      Affected quail showed difficulty in raising their wings. Excessive accumulation
      of glycogen was seen in the liver, heart, skeletal muscle and brain, apparently
      due to decreased acid maltase activity. The condition appeared between 2 and 12
      weeks of age and tissue deposition of glycogen increased with age. The growth of
      affected quail was normal and there were no deaths from the condition. Although
      genetic analysis has not yet been completed, an autosomal recessive inheritance
      is suspected.

PMID- 6575218
TI  - Glucocorticoid receptor level, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity and
      initial responsiveness to prednisone and vincristine in leukemia.
AB  - We have investigated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) level, terminal
      deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) activity and the initial responsiveness to
      prednisone and vincristine in 31 patients with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) and
      with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast transformation (CML/BT). All 11
      patients with low levels of GR (5,000 binding sites per cell) were resistant to
      this initial treatment whereas 13 of the 20 patients with high levels of GR
      responded readily. The correlations between clinical responsiveness and TdT
      activity were significant to the p less than 0.005 level but there was no linear
      correlation (r = 0.3427) between GR-level and TdT activity. High levels of both
      GR and TdT seemed to be associated with better prognosis in patients with these
      leukemias. Thus the determination of GR and TdT might help selection of patients
      likely to respond to prednisone and vincristine in ALL and CML/BT.

PMID- 6575220
TI  - Estrogen sulfotransferase activity in guinea pig uterus and chorion.
AB  - An estrogen sulfotransferase (ST) is detectable in high speed supernatants of
      pregnant guinea-pig uterus and shows maximum activity between about 47 and 55
      days of gestation, with a decrease toward term. No appreciable activity was
      apparent in the non-pregnant state or before at least 43 days of pregnancy. A
      considerably higher ST activity is present in chorion as early as 30 days of
      gestation, and this also decreases toward term. The two ST's exhibit similar KM
      (0.1-0.13 microM with estrone as substrate) and pI (5.8) values, as well as
      similar specificities. Estradiol-17 beta and estriol are sulfurylated 82 and 6%
      that of estrone at equimolar concn. Neither p-nitrophenol nor several neutral
      steroids are substrates for the enzymes. Enzyme activity is poorly expressed in
      the absence of thiol groups, the presence of monothioglycerol stimulating uterine
      and chorion enzymes by 5- and 15-fold, respectively. Stimulation is also observed
      in the presence of Mg2+, Ca2+ or Mn2+. Chromatofocusing on a poly buffer ion
      exchanger from pH 7.4 to 4.0 resulted in elution of a sharp peak of enzyme
      activity, at pH = 5.8, from both tissues provided that the eluting buffer
      contained thiol groups and 0.25 M sucrose. This single step resulted in at least
      a 35- to 100-fold increase in specific activity. The partially purified enzyme
      from chorion exhibited a KM for estrone of 0.13 microM.

PMID- 6575221
TI  - Cytochrome P-450 and steroidogenic activities of the human placental
      mitochondria.
AB  - The relationship between cytochrome P-450 concentration, cholesterol side-chain
      cleavage and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase activity, in different
      density mitochondrial preparations from human term placenta has been studied. The
      heavy mitochondrial fraction shows a higher cytochrome P-450 concentration and
      cholesterol side-chain cleavage activity as compared to the light mitochondrial
      fraction, it has however lower cytochrome P-450AROM level and 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase activity.

PMID- 6575222
TI  - Second malignancies diagnosed in patients receiving chemotherapy at the
      Pennsylvania Hospital.
AB  - During the past 15 years, the records of 2,020 patients who received chemotherapy
      on the surgical oncology, chemotherapy service at the Pennsylvania Hospital were
      reviewed. Thirty-five patients had pathologically confirmed second independent
      malignant tumors (not recurrences). The second cancers that developed were
      varied. The patients who developed these second malignancies ranged in age from
      35 to 77 years (24 females, 11 males). The time interval involved was two to 102
      months. Nine patients in this group of second malignancies received prior
      radiation therapy. The following is a list of the second cancers. There were 8
      colons, 5 ovaries, 5 lungs, 6 acute myelogenous leukemias, 1 esophagus, 2
      bladders, 2 epidermoid carcinomas of the skin, 2 melanomas, 1 chronic lymphatic
      leukemia, 1 breast cancer, 1 non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma, and 1 stomach
      cancer. The majority of second malignant tumors were amenable to some form of
      therapy, ie, surgery, radiation or chemotherapy. However, all of the acute
      myelogenous leukemias were totally refractory to any therapeutic modalities and
      rapidly expired. The majority of second cancers developed in patients receiving
      adjuvant chemotherapy. This is a patient population with a much longer expected
      survival time, particularly when compared to patients receiving chemotherapy for
      advanced disease. Twenty-five of the 34 second cancers developed in patients who
      received adjuvant chemotherapy for breast (14) or colorectal (11) cancers. The
      etiology of the second malignancies is very difficult to determine. However,
      alkylating agents appeared to be the possible etiologic agent involved in the
      development of acute myelogenous leukemia.

PMID- 6575223
TI  - 12th annual UCLA symposia. Abstracts: Molecular biology of host-parasite
      interactions.

PMID- 6575224
TI  - 12th annual UCLA symposia. Abstracts: Gene expression.

PMID- 6575225
TI  - 12th annual UCLA symposia. Abstracts: Normal and neoplastic hematopoiesis.

PMID- 6575226
TI  - 12th annual UCLA symposia. Abstracts: Cellular responses to DNA damage.

PMID- 6575227
TI  - 12th annual UCLA symposia. Abstracts: Plant molecular biology.

PMID- 6575228
TI  - 12th annual UCLA symposia. Abstracts: Biosynthesis of the photosynthetic
      apparatus; molecular biology, development and regulation.

PMID- 6575229
TI  - 12th annual UCLA symposia. Abstracts: Protein transport and secretion.

PMID- 6575230
TI  - 12th annual UCLA symposia. Abstracts: Mechanisms of DNA replication and
      recombination.

PMID- 6575231
TI  - Influences of Stigma Croci and Semen Persicae on function of ovary-uterus in
      pseudopregnant rats.

PMID- 6575232
TI  - Newspaper advertising by Louisiana dentists.

PMID- 6575233
TI  - "Burning feet" as the only manifestation of dominantly inherited sensory
      neuropathy.
AB  - A young woman had chronic symptoms of "burning feet" but no clinical or
      neurophysiologic findings of neuropathy. These symptoms were aggravated by warmth
      and ameliorated by cooling. Extensive pathologic grading of teased sural nerve
      fibers, however, provided suggestive evidence of a low-grade pathologic
      abnormality. Other kin were discovered to have similar symptoms in an autosomal
      dominant pattern, and some of these relatives had evidence of a subclinical
      sensory neuropathy. From this experience, we infer that a mild subclinical
      neuropathy may underlie the symptom of burning feet; burning pain of the feet may
      be dominantly inherited; hereditary sensory neuropathy may, therefore, manifest
      with only positive symptoms of burning pain, restless legs, and lancinating pain,
      rather than with mutilating acropathy, neurotrophic arthropathy, or severe distal
      sensory loss as is usually reported; and temperature may modulate physiologic
      mechanisms related to the experience of burning pain.

PMID- 6575234
TI  - [Osteolytic lesions in chronic myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 6575235
TI  - [Bulimia nervosa].

PMID- 6575236
TI  - Kasugamycin resistant mutants of Bacillus stearothermophilus lacking the enzyme
      for the methylation of two adjacent adenosines in 16S ribosomal RNA.
AB  - Several mutants of B. stearothermophilus have been isolated that are resistant to
      the antibiotic kasugamycin. One of these is shown to lack dimethylation of two
      adjacent adenosines in the 16S ribosomal RNA. All mutants that were analyzed
      biochemically lack the enzyme that is able to methylate this site. Ribosomal
      sensitivity and resistance to kasugamycin in B. stearothermophilus is therefore,
      like in E. coli, closely connected with dimethylation of the adenosines.

PMID- 6575237
TI  - [The psychology of hypnosis in dentistry (I)].

PMID- 6575238
TI  - [The psychology of hypnosis in dentistry (II -- conclusion)].

PMID- 6575239
TI  - [Motivation of the child in neuromuscular rehabilitation of the orofacial
      complex].

PMID- 6575240
TI  - [Bacterial infectious complications in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      in the induction phase].

PMID- 6575241
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of the organic component in amelogenesis].

PMID- 6575242
TI  - [Dental caries study in rats exposed to electrothermocoagulation of the
      ventromedial area of the hypothalamus].

PMID- 6575243
TI  - [Intentional dental replantation. A clinical note].

PMID- 6575244
TI  - [Odontomas and their role in the etiopathogenesis of dental impactions. Clinical
      aspects, therapy and statistics].

PMID- 6575245
TI  - [Clinical use of a new antibiotic molecule "fosfomycin" in ambulatory dental
      practice].

PMID- 6575246
TI  - [Vertical osteotomy of the ramus of the mandible by intraoral approach. Clinical
      experience].

PMID- 6575247
TI  - [Deltopectoral flap. An anthropometric contribution].

PMID- 6575248
TI  - [Rhizectomy in clinical practice. Comments on 30 cases].

PMID- 6575249
TI  - [Teaching proposal for training in modelling].

PMID- 6575250
TI  - [Clinico-statistical study of the occupational diseases and working habits of the
      dentist].

PMID- 6575251
TI  - Identification of low caries risk dietary components.

PMID- 6575252
TI  - A nightmare of AIDS.

PMID- 6575253
TI  - Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging--current state.

PMID- 6575254
TI  - Hyperthyroidism or pheochromocytoma?

PMID- 6575255
TI  - Clinicopathologic correlations in 566 consecutive renal biopsies from North
      Carolina.

PMID- 6575256
TI  - One community's approach to high risk infant follow-up.

PMID- 6575257
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of Cushing's disease at Duke University (1977-1982).

PMID- 6575258
TI  - Don't gag me with a spoon--gastric emptying at home.

PMID- 6575259
TI  - Understanding your health insurance benefits.

PMID- 6575260
TI  - Laser therapy for diseases of the eye.

PMID- 6575261
TI  - Accidental use of Superglue in the eye.

PMID- 6575262
TI  - A look at the stool can save a barium study.

PMID- 6575263
TI  - Ruptured testicle: acute presentation and treatment.

PMID- 6575264
TI  - All thrombocytopenia is not autoimmune.

PMID- 6575266
TI  - Allergy testing.

PMID- 6575265
TI  - Herpetic whitlow.

PMID- 6575267
TI  - Differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cell lines induced by tumor-promoting
      phorbol ester (TPA). II. Electrophoretic patterns of metabolically- and cell
      surface radiolabeled proteins and glycoproteins.
AB  - Electrophoretic patterns of cell surface proteins and cell surface
      sialogalactoproteins from human myeloid leukemia cell lines HL-60, ML-1, ML-2 and
      ML-3 before and after induction of morphological differentiation by 12-O
      tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), have been compared. Minor quantitative
      cell surface protein alterations associated with TPA-induced differentiation have
      been observed as follows: decrease of a 150-160k glycoprotein on some TPA-induced
      myeloid cell lines, increase of a 50k glycoprotein and alteration of a 95k
      glycoprotein associated with the induction of differentiation by TPA.
      Electrophoretic patterns of 35S-methionine metabolically radiolabeled cell
      proteins revealed minor but distinct quantitative differences in several
      proteins, such as increased labeling of 180k, 160k and 130k proteins and
      decreased expression of 83k, 76k and 63k proteins on TPA-induced HL-60 cells. Two
      dimensional electrophoretic analysis of 35S-methionine metabolically radiolabeled
      cell proteins revealed at least 17 proteins more intensively labeled and 13
      proteins with decreased intensity of labeling on TPA-induced HL-60 cells compared
      to uninduced HL-60 cells.

PMID- 6575268
TI  - Acute myelomonocytic leukemia associated with nephrotic syndrome. A case report
      with immunological studies.
AB  - A patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AML) developed nephrotic syndrome.
      The renal biopsy showed focal glomerulosclerosis by light microscopy. Electron
      microscopy and immunofluorescence revealed electrondense deposits, IgG and C'3 in
      the glomerular mesangium. A 21S circulating immune complex (CIC) present in the
      patient's serum and the renal biopsy eluate contained immunochemically identical
      materials. The isolated antibodies from the 21S CIC and the eluate showed
      restricted reactivity against autologous AML cells. Immunodiffusion studies
      demonstrated common antigenicity between the 21S CIC antigen, the eluted antigen
      and between autologous AML cell membrane antigens.

PMID- 6575269
TI  - Genetics and Alcoholism. 5th Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center annual
      conference.

PMID- 6575270
TI  - Proceedings of the House of Delegates, Medical Society of the State of New York,
      November 7-10, 1982, Kiamesha Lake, New York, and official position papers.

PMID- 6575271
TI  - Requiem for PSRO (1972--1982).

PMID- 6575272
TI  - Hypertension in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 6575273
TI  - Coincident hypertension. Deleterious effects on patients with hyperglycemia.

PMID- 6575274
TI  - Carotid endarterectomy without temporary shunt. Importance of pharmacologic
      control of blood pressure.

PMID- 6575275
TI  - Prostatic carcinoma treated at a categorical center, 1970--1979.

PMID- 6575276
TI  - Who will treat the impoverished mental patient?

PMID- 6575277
TI  - Sexually transmitted diseases and child sexual abuse. Part II.

PMID- 6575278
TI  - Myocardial protection with cold blood potassium cardioplegia during prolonged
      aortic cross-clamping. Laboratory evaluation.

PMID- 6575279
TI  - Chest wall reconstruction using a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap.

PMID- 6575280
TI  - Symmetrical depression of skull.

PMID- 6575281
TI  - Chronic radiation dermatitis from radioactive gold jewelry.

PMID- 6575283
TI  - Calcified leiomyoma. An unusual cause of large soft-tissue calcification of calf
      in childhood.

PMID- 6575282
TI  - Fatal Hemophilus influenzae meningitis complicated by diabetes insipidus.

PMID- 6575284
TI  - Giant colonic diverticulum.

PMID- 6575285
TI  - Autoimmune response following vasectomy.

PMID- 6575286
TI  - The lymph node. An important site of antigen-induced recruitment of circulating
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 6575287
TI  - Focal adrenal necrosis and fibrosis. In a general autopsy population.

PMID- 6575288
TI  - Cytochemical studies on cell organelles.

PMID- 6575289
TI  - Mitral anulus and valvular calcification.

PMID- 6575290
TI  - Characteristics ultrastructural features of some tumors in humans.

PMID- 6575291
TI  - Role of the pulmonary surfactant system in lung diseases of adults.

PMID- 6575292
TI  - Placenta accreta. A 26-year clinicopathologic review (1956--1981).

PMID- 6575293
TI  - Aspiration cytology of the breast. An analysis of 865 cases.

PMID- 6575294
TI  - Rubella immunisation and immunity in a defined population.
AB  - The level of rubella immunity was measured in the population of Milton. Rubella
      antibody was measured by haemagglutination-inhibition in women and men aged 16 to
      34 years. Details were sought of past rubella infection, immunisation and records
      of immunisation. Overall 11.3% of the women were not immune by the laboratory
      criterion. All women younger than 25 years had detectable rubella antibody,
      though 13.8% had low antibody levels not regarded as immune according to current
      criteria. These low antibody levels probably reflect the high prevalence of
      vaccine-induced immunity. Most of these women are likely to be immune and other
      methods of rubella screening are needed to identify the truly susceptible women.
      Women aged 32-34 years had the highest level of rubella susceptibility, 9%
      without any detectable rubella antibody. Although the Milton population may not
      be representative of the total New Zealand population, in this area there was an
      encouragingly low proportion of women who could be regarded as definitely
      susceptible to rubella.

PMID- 6575295
TI  - Lung function in Maoris and Samoans working in New Zealand.
AB  - The lung function of 79 Maori workers was compared with that of 31 workers from
      Western Samoa and with 616 Europeans from the same factory. No significant
      difference was found in either forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) or
      in forced vital capacity (FVC) between the two Polynesian groups. The combined
      110 Polynesians had a lung function which was significantly lower, by about 9%,
      than that of the Europeans working in the same factory. The lung function
      differences did not appear to be related to smoking, occupational or
      environmental factors. While it seems likely that the cause of the differences is
      a major gene effect a non-job-related social factor cannot yet be completely
      excluded. Charts for predicting FEV1 and FVC in male Maori and Samoan workers in
      New Zealand are given.

PMID- 6575297
TI  - Hepatitis B: a New Zealand disease.

PMID- 6575296
TI  - Familial short stature and coeliac disease: a family case report.
AB  - A case of coeliac disease associated with growth retardation and pubertal failure
      in a 19 year old female is reported. Diagnosis was delayed by use of the term
      'undiagnosed short stature'. Investigations confirmed severe malabsorption,
      osteoporosis and marked delay in bone growth associated with small bowel mucosal
      atrophy. HLA screening of the patient's family led to the identification of
      coeliac disease in her brother aged 12 years and her asymptomatic mother both of
      whom were short in stature. The institution of a gluten free diet, appropriate
      vitamin and mineral supplements has restored growth and sexual development to
      normal in the affected children. These cases emphasize the variable nature of
      coeliac disease, its familial occurrence and the need to exclude the disorder in
      cases of undiagnosed (familial) short stature.

PMID- 6575298
TI  - Medicine in the future.

PMID- 6575299
TI  - The Auckland Hospital ethical committee 1977-1981.
AB  - The experience of the Auckland Hospital ethical committee during the last five
      years is reviewed. The committee has dealt with an average of 3.6 new
      applications per month. The research proposals have been classified according to
      their major thrust. Forty-five point five percent were drug trials, 12.8% were
      studies of normal and abnormal physiology and metabolism, 12.3% involved the
      evaluation of new non-drug therapeutic techniques or programmes, 10.1% were
      epidemiological and the remainder were psychosocial investigations, studies of
      drug metabolism and turnover, audit and review, or miscellaneous in nature. The
      majority of applications (60.4%) were approved unaltered or with only very minor
      amendments at their first consideration. Thirty-six point four percent were
      approved subject to the imposition of certain conditions or after revision, and
      3.2% were either not approved at all or were withdrawn. Major ethical issues
      which attracted the committee's attention are briefly outlined and its reaction
      reported.

PMID- 6575300
TI  - Alcohol consumption of high school students in relation to ethnicity,
      socioeconomic status, and sex.
AB  - Fifth form students in three Gisborne city high schools were surveyed in 1968 and
      1981. On an item in which they were asked to report on their level of alcohol
      consumption, 515 responded on the first occasion and 583 on the second. Over
      time, there were statistically significant shifts in the direction of higher
      levels of consumption among both Maori and European females, but not for Maoris
      or European males. Europeans of both low and high socioeconomic status and Maoris
      of low socioeconomic status increased their level of alcohol consumption, but
      Maori students from high socioeconomic homes did not. In both 1968 and 1981,
      Europeans reported higher levels of consumption than did Maoris.

PMID- 6575301
TI  - Blood utilisation in open heart surgery at Green Lane Hospital.
AB  - Blood utilization in 166 patients who underwent open heart surgery over a period
      of three months in 1980 at Green Lane Hospital has been surveyed. Over two-thirds
      of the operations were for coronary artery disease. For each hospitalized patient
      an average of 2.55 units of homologous blood were used. Including blood products,
      the total demand on the blood transfusion service was 3.55 donors/patient.
      Regular autologous transfusion of oxygenator blood post-bypass was a major factor
      in reducing blood usage. No blood was used in 23% of the bypass procedures and
      13% of patients did not receive any homologous blood or blood products.

PMID- 6575302
TI  - Accident compensation corporation and medical fees.

PMID- 6575303
TI  - Rubella testing.

PMID- 6575304
TI  - Ethical considerations.

PMID- 6575305
TI  - Torture and amnesty international.

PMID- 6575306
TI  - Diuretics in pregnancy associated hypertension.

PMID- 6575307
TI  - Wright peak flow meter.

PMID- 6575308
TI  - Seatbelts and child restraints survey.

PMID- 6575309
TI  - Leptospirosis and mental illness.

PMID- 6575310
TI  - Does mebendazole inhibit lactation?

PMID- 6575312
TI  - Urine oxalate levels in a New Zealand reference population and renal stone
      formers.
AB  - Increasing attention is being given to oxalate as a risk factor in urinary
      calcium stone disease. The accuracy of some methods for measuring urine oxalate
      is uncertain. Using gas chromatography urine oxalate levels were 0.36 +/- 0.02
      and 0.31 +/- 0.02 (mmol/24 h +/- 1 SEM) for men and women respectively of a
      reference population. In recurrent stone formers urinary oxalate was 0.43 +/-
      0.03 in males and 0.38 +/- 0.04 for females whilst solitary stone forming females
      excreted only 0.31 +/- 0.04 mmol/24 h. The difference between males and females
      of the reference population was significant (p less than 0.05) as was the
      difference between reference males and male stone formers.

PMID- 6575311
TI  - Audiometry and tympanometry in children throughout one school year.
AB  - One hundred children had audiometry and tympanometry testing every two to three
      weeks throughout 38 weeks of a school year. The results showed an average
      prevalence of some abnormality in 62% and that the abnormal group was constantly
      changing. Abnormal episodes had a median duration of three to four weeks and a
      mean of six weeks. Thirty-nine percent of the children had more than one episode.
      Comparisons were made between the different measures of hearing and middle-ear
      function and between these and educational tests of intelligence, language and
      school achievement. Educational deficit was related most closely to total decibel
      loss. Four screening models were designed to allow economical use of testers'
      time. Resultant test patterns were related to two to three week testing and to
      educational test results. The closest correlation with educational test results
      proved to be an audiogram pass/fail screen each school term.

PMID- 6575313
TI  - Psychological stress and arterial pulse transit time.
AB  - Progress in isolating the psychological factors contributing to the development
      of arterial hypertension has been retarded by the absence of suitable, non
      invasive and continuous measures of significant aspects of cardiovascular
      activity. Pulse transit time may help to resolve this problem since it reflects
      changes in arterial elasticity and diastolic blood pressure. A method of
      recording pulse transit time is described. Significant decreases in pulse transit
      time were observed in response to a cold pressor test, a video game, a reaction
      time task and problem solving, regardless of site of measurement or method of
      pulse transduction.

PMID- 6575314
TI  - Changing prevalence of dental caries.

PMID- 6575315
TI  - Reflections from beside a hospital bed.

PMID- 6575316
TI  - A rational approach to the future.

PMID- 6575317
TI  - Issues in psychiatric ethics.

PMID- 6575318
TI  - Medical fees--are they reasonable?

PMID- 6575319
TI  - Red cell versus whole blood lead.

PMID- 6575320
TI  - Isoprenaline during cardiac arrest.

PMID- 6575321
TI  - Hyponatraemia and diuretics.

PMID- 6575322
TI  - Updating the information on clinical management of craniomandibular disorders.

PMID- 6575323
TI  - The effect of mandibular position on strength, reaction time and movement time on
      a randomly selected population.

PMID- 6575324
TI  - Considerations when diagnosing and treating facial pain patients.

PMID- 6575325
TI  - Dentistry and TMJ treatment: a house divided.

PMID- 6575326
TI  - "TMJ"--often used as a misnomer.

PMID- 6575327
TI  - Use of pulse volume plethysmography for TMJ and myofascial pain syndrome.

PMID- 6575328
TI  - Probing the TMJ dilemma.

PMID- 6575329
TI  - The biodontics of facial pain.

PMID- 6575330
TI  - [Dental technology in the Caribbean].

PMID- 6575331
TI  - Clinical application of angiography of oral and maxillofacial hemangiomas.
      Clinical analysis of seventy cases.
AB  - Angiographic findings in seventy cases of maxillofacial hemangioma are reported.
      The tumors have been divided into four types: (1) plexiform hemangioma, (2)
      cavernous hemangioma with venous drainage, (3) cavernous hemangioma without
      venous drainage, and (4) the so-called "diffuse type" of cavernous hemangioma.
      The angiographic features of the four types are described, and clinical
      application is evaluated. The angiograms demonstrate the location, extent, blood
      supply, and drainage of the tumors and show whether they communicate
      intracranially, thus providing valuable criteria for planning and determining the
      mode of treatment.

PMID- 6575332
TI  - Prophylactic use of indomethacin for prevention of postsurgical complications
      after removal of impacted third molars.
AB  - Indomethacin (100 mg. per day for 3 days) was tested for its prophylactic effects
      on the postsurgical complications of pain, swelling, and trismus after removal of
      impacted teeth. The drug resulted in a significant reduction of the swelling and
      an analgesic effect which was equal to that of acetaminophen and codeine. Only
      two minor side effects were encountered.

PMID- 6575333
TI  - Acquired-cell immune deficiency syndrome.

PMID- 6575334
TI  - Plasma cell myeloma: management of a mandibular fracture.
AB  - An interesting case of kappa light-chain plasma cell myeloma with pathologic
      mandibular fracture is presented. Traditional fracture management techniques were
      abandoned in view of the advanced state of this patient's disease. With the use
      of adjunctive radiotherapy and a soft diet, clinical union of the fractured
      mandible was achieved without immobilization.

PMID- 6575335
TI  - Mucosal reduction for correction of a maxillary double lip. Report of a case.

PMID- 6575336
TI  - Griseofulvin in the treatment of three cases of oral erosive lichen planus.
AB  - We report three cases of erosive oral lichen planus treated with griseofulvin,
      500 mg. twice a day. Subjective improvement was noticed in 3 weeks by two
      patients and at 6 weeks by the third patient. Objective improvement, however, was
      delayed and became apparent at 6 to 10 weeks. Continued improvement or remission
      without exacerbation was noted in all patients. There were no significant
      hematologic, hepatic, or other side effects in any patient, and complete blood
      count and blood chemistries remained normal at 1-month as well as 6-month
      intervals during therapy. All patients did, however, report mild, transient
      gastrointestinal discomfort during the first 2 days of therapy, and one patient
      mentioned a mild headache. These remitted after approximately 2 to 4 days. We
      believe that these preliminary findings warrant additional trials of griseofulvin
      therapy in the treatment of severely symptomatic oral lichen planus. The adverse
      effects of this agent appear considerably less than those of systemic steroids.

PMID- 6575337
TI  - Massive osteolysis of the maxillofacial skeleton: a clinical, radiographic,
      histologic, and ultrastructural study.
AB  - Since its initial description, there have been approximately sixty cases of
      massive osteolysis reported, involving virtually every bone in the body. This
      case represents only the fifteenth report of this disease affecting maxillofacial
      bones. Clinically and radiographically, the progressive nature of this disease
      was observed over a 5-year period. Attempts at treatment were without success.
      From the light and electron-microscopic studies, it can be concluded that this
      disease process is nonneoplastic in nature, showing features of an exuberant
      proliferative response of vascular and supportive elements.

PMID- 6575338
TI  - Odontogenic neoplasms in Wistar rats treated with N-methylnitrosourea.
AB  - Odontogenic lesions developed in the jaws of six of eighty-one Wistar rats
      following a single intravenous injection of the alkylating agent, N
      methylnitrosourea (MNU). The superficial and deep portions displayed significant
      differences in both prevailing tissue components and the degree of maturation and
      induction. In superficial portions, there was a preponderance of well
      differentiated mature dental tissues, whereas in deeper portions, nests of less
      differentiated, primitive-appearing epithelium predominated. These findings
      suggest that experimental odontogenic lesions were derived from two distinct
      sources: surface oral epithelium and enamel organ of the perpetually erupting
      mandibular incisor tooth. When stimulated by MNU, each source apparently exhibits
      different potential for odontogenic differentiation.

PMID- 6575339
TI  - Combined epithelial odontogenic tumor: adenomatoid odontogenic tumor and
      calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor.
AB  - 1. Two cases of a combined epithelial odontogenic tumor which had areas of AOT
      and CEOT were presented. 2. A review of the studies on histogenesis of the AOT
      revealed that the tumor probably consists of preameloblasts, stratum intermedium,
      and stellate reticulum. 3. A review of the studies on histogenesis of the CEOT
      revealed that the probable origin was in cells of stratum intermedium. 4. It is
      suggested that the present cases support the aforementioned theories of
      histogenesis and represent AOT's which contain foci of CEOT. 5. The suggested
      treatment is simple surgical excision.

PMID- 6575340
TI  - Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia (Riga-Fede's disease and
      traumatic eosinophilic granuloma).
AB  - A review of the English literature revealed ten lesions classified as Riga-Fede's
      disease and nineteen lesions classified as traumatic eosinophilic granuloma.
      These two entities have the same histologic features and are often associated
      with a history of trauma. These are benign, reactive, nonosseous lesions that
      occur either in infancy or later in life. It is suggested that they be considered
      as one entity. To delineate them from more aggressive lesions, such as the
      eosinophilic granuloma of histiocytosis X, the author suggests the term traumatic
      ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia. Forty-one previously unreported
      cases are described. Histologic examination revealed the presence of mast cells
      in addition to eosinophils. A pathogenesis for traumatic ulcerative granuloma
      with stromal eosinophilia, based on the hypothesis that mast cells release an
      eosinophilic chemotactic factor and that eosinophils may act as cytotoxic agents,
      is suggested.

PMID- 6575341
TI  - The reaction of rat connective tissue to polyethylene tube implants filled with
      Hydron or gutta-percha.
AB  - A subcutaneous tube implant study was conducted on adult Sprague-Dawley rats.
      Polyethylene tubes sealed at one end were filled flush to the open end with
      Hydron or gutta-percha and sealer. These implants were immediately placed into
      dorsal subcutaneous connective tissue for periods ranging from three weeks to 6
      months. Tubes filled with Hydron demonstrated expansion and resorption of
      material with its distribution into connective tissue. A moderately thick
      connective tissue capsule containing macrophages formed at the tissue-Hydron
      interface. Amorphous calcific deposits were localized within Hydron, being most
      dense at the Hydron--tissue interface. Tubes filled with gutta-percha and sealer
      demonstrated thinner connective tissue capsule formation, with little or no
      distribution or resorption of material. A mild lymphocyte response was noted
      within the capsule adjacent to the gutta-percha.

PMID- 6575342
TI  - Dilaceration of permanent upper lateral incisors: frequency, direction, and
      endodontic treatment implications.
AB  - A sample of 480 extracted permanent upper lateral incisors was visually examined
      and the direction of dilaceration was recorded. It was found that 52.1 percent of
      the roots of these teeth were distolabially dilacerated. Analysis of radiographs
      of another sample of 442 endodontically treated teeth revealed that distolabial
      dilaceration occurred in 52 percent of the cases. It is proposed that oversight
      of the distolabial direction of root dilaceration of upper lateral incisors can
      be a contributing factor in the failure of endodontic treatment of these teeth.

PMID- 6575343
TI  - A very active case of external-internal root resorption.

PMID- 6575344
TI  - Quantitative evaluation of the influence of dequalinium acetate and sodium
      hypochlorite on human dentition.
AB  - The effect of 5 percent DA, 2.5 percent and 5.5 percent sodium hypochlorite, and
      saline on the solubility of organic matrix of the dentin was studied on extracted
      human teeth. The results showed that sodium hypochlorite dissolved collagen from
      the canal walls, while DA did not dissolve any collagen into the media. It is
      concluded that the root-canal-cleansing effect of DA is achieved by another
      mechanism, most likely by surface activity.

PMID- 6575346
TI  - External root resorption in mastodon molar.

PMID- 6575345
TI  - Effective exposure level and diagnostic performance in endodontic radiography.
AB  - Image quality is limited by the information capacity of the image-forming system
      and can be computed from three parameters: contrast, resolution, and noise. These
      parameters can be combined to yield a single measure which determines the maximum
      amount of information obtainable from any x-ray system and is called the noise
      equivalent number of quanta (NEQ) per unit area. The effects of image quality,
      expressed as noise-equivalent number of quanta (NEQ) per unit area, on the
      radiographic performance by dentists reading the position of an endodontic file
      in a root canal were studied. Three different speed films were used in
      conjunction with a fixed screen. NEQ values ranged between 0.64 x 10(4) and 14.3
      x 10(4) per square millimeter. Components of variance associated with the
      position of the tooth apex and the tip of an endodontic file in a root canal were
      compared for the effect of different NEQs and observers. Results show that the
      standard deviation in locating a file tip and tooth apex may be a linear function
      of log NEQ. The estimated standard deviation associated with changes in NEQ was
      found to be relatively small compared to that observed among dentists. These
      findings indicate that a significant reduction in exposure would have a
      relatively small effect on the precision of endodontic distance measurements.

PMID- 6575347
TI  - Megadontism anomaly of the mandibular second premolars.

PMID- 6575348
TI  - [Blastic transformation of the bone marrow preceded by extramedullary blastic
      transformation in chronic myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 6575349
TI  - Neonatal high-frequency jet ventilation.
AB  - Ten neonates with intractable respiratory failure were treated with high
      frequency jet ventilation (HFJV). Nine had progressive pulmonary air leaks with
      either bronchopleural fistulas or pulmonary interstitial emphysema as the primary
      cause of their respiratory failure. Following HFJV, x-ray film evidence of
      pulmonary air leaks decreased in seven of the nine neonates. PaO2/FIO2 increased
      in eight of the ten patients (P less than .05), and PaCO2 values decreased in
      nine of the ten patients (P less than .01). Five patients survived. Three of the
      six patients exposed to HFJV for more than 20 hours developed significant
      tracheal obstruction. From this experience, it may be concluded that HFJV can
      successfully ventilate certain neonates with intractable respiratory failure
      secondary to progressive pulmonary air leaks. In its present form, long-term
      neonatal HFJV carries a risk of airway obstruction and/or damage.

PMID- 6575350
TI  - [Every first assistant is a dental assistant (5)].

PMID- 6575352
TI  - [Which computer is best?].

PMID- 6575351
TI  - [Integration of periodontics. Periodontal therapy in daily practice? Or!-?].

PMID- 6575353
TI  - [Academic practice and science].

PMID- 6575354
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment of a child with a distinctive open bite].

PMID- 6575355
TI  - Accountability key in nursing practice.

PMID- 6575356
TI  - Should professionals be exempt from FTC regs? The battle continues.

PMID- 6575357
TI  - A review of the appropriate use of dietary fluoride supplements.

PMID- 6575358
TI  - The unborn generations--humanity or convenience?

PMID- 6575359
TI  - Acute toxic methemoglobinemia caused by a topical anesthetic.

PMID- 6575360
TI  - Time-out: an evaluation of a behavior management technique.

PMID- 6575361
TI  - Behavior of dental assistants managing young children in the operatory.

PMID- 6575362
TI  - Esthetic anterior space maintenance.

PMID- 6575363
TI  - Bacterial contamination of cavity varnish.

PMID- 6575364
TI  - A new design for space maintainers replacing prematurely lost first primary
      molars.

PMID- 6575365
TI  - A simple method for treating ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar.

PMID- 6575366
TI  - Cyclic neutropenia: case report of two siblings.

PMID- 6575367
TI  - Clinical and radiographic oral changes in a case of American Burkitt's lymphoma.

PMID- 6575368
TI  - Projectile in the cheek of a child: case report.

PMID- 6575369
TI  - Delayed tooth eruption as a result of trauma.

PMID- 6575370
TI  - [Serum iron and copper concentration in children with acute leukemia].

PMID- 6575371
TI  - Survey on the comparison of oral hygiene status and dietary habits of two socio
      economically different groups of primary school children in Ile-Ife (Oyo State),
      Nigeria.

PMID- 6575372
TI  - The prevalence of dental caries in children of African and Asian origin in
      Nairobi, Kenya.

PMID- 6575373
TI  - The dental health of children aged 5 to 14 in two primary schools located in the
      industrial area of Nairobi.

PMID- 6575374
TI  - Prolonged remission in Di Guglielmo's syndrome.
AB  - A case is reported of a 12-year-old boy with Di Guglielmo's syndrome who achieved
      complete remission for over three years before developing a central nervous
      system relapse. The poor results of treatment in this disease are reviewed and
      the arguments for routine central nervous system prophylaxis discussed.

PMID- 6575375
TI  - [A guide to a bioceram sapphire implant].

PMID- 6575376
TI  - [Ceramic implants with better results].

PMID- 6575377
TI  - [Bioceram implant--clinical studies].

PMID- 6575378
TI  - [Blade vent endosseous implant after 10 years].

PMID- 6575379
TI  - [Significance of current concepts of occlusion to dental practice].

PMID- 6575380
TI  - [Registration of maxillo-mandibular relations and adjustment of occlusal height
      for crowns].

PMID- 6575381
TI  - [Detection of the heterozygote carrier state for the gene of congenital
      virilizing adrenal cortical hyperplasia by the blood testosterone level].
AB  - The study of genealogy of the families with cases of congenital adrenocortical
      virilizing hyperplasia allowed one to suggest a possibility of the heterozygous
      bearing of a pathological gene. The investigation of the plasma testosterone
      level in the parents of children with the adrenogenital syndrome has shown that
      an increase in the blood circulating testosterone level 1.6 to 4 times compared
      with normal may serve as a marker of heterozygosis for this disease.

PMID- 6575382
TI  - Structure of iron superoxide dismutase from Pseudomonas ovalis at 2.9-A
      resolution.
AB  - The three-dimensional structure of the iron-containing superoxide dismutase (EC
      1.15.1.1) from Pseudomonas ovalis has been determined at 2.9-A resolution by the
      method of multiple isomorphous replacement. The molecule is a dimer of two
      identical subunits with the iron atom per monomer. The conformation of the enzyme
      is completely different from that of the eukaryotic copper-zinc superoxide
      dismutase. Each subunit consists of about 50% alpha-helix plus three strands of
      antiparallel pleated sheet. The iron atoms are coordinated by four protein
      ligands, one of which is the side-chain of histidine-26. Crystals of complexes
      with the inhibitors azide or fluoride are considerably more resistant to
      irradiation than those of the free enzyme. The structure of the apoprotein is
      identical to that of the iron-containing molecule.

PMID- 6575383
TI  - Regulation of microtubule cold stability by calmodulin-dependent and -independent
      phosphorylation.
AB  - Cold-labile microtubule protein can be rendered cold-stable by addition of a
      fraction containing a small number of polypeptides that are derived from cold
      stable microtubules. These polypeptides can be obtained from purified cold-stable
      microtubules by passage through a DEAE-cellulose (DE-52) ion exchange column from
      which they emerge in the first eluate fraction. The stabilizing activity of these
      proteins is abolished by phosphorylation catalyzed by two types of protein
      kinases, one dependent on calmodulin and the other independent of that regulatory
      protein. The calmodulin-dependent reaction appears to phosphorylate mainly two
      polypeptides, 56 and 72 kilodaltons; the reaction is blocked by trifluoperazine.
      The calmodulin-independent reaction appears to phosphorylate different cold
      stable microtubule-associated proteins. That reaction is observed only in
      purified material obtained from vigorously homogenized brain tissue. Gently
      homogenization yields cold-stable microtubules that are responsive only to the
      calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. A distinguishing feature of the calmodulin
      independent reaction is that it does not occur on polypeptides while they are
      bound to the microtubules.

PMID- 6575384
TI  - Sequence dependence of base-pair stacking in right-handed DNA in solution: proton
      nuclear Overhauser effect NMR measurements.
AB  - Single-crystal x-ray studies of d(C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G) exhibit base-pair
      propeller twisting [Dickerson, R. E. & Drew, H. R. (1981) J. Mol. Biol. 149, 761
      786] that results in close contacts between adjacent purines in the minor groove
      in pyrimidine (3'-5')-purine steps and in the major groove in purine (3'-5')
      pyrimidine steps [Calladine, C. R. (1982) J. Mol. Biol. 161, 343-362]. These
      observations require an approximately 3.4 A separation between the minor groove
      edges of adenosines on adjacent base pairs for the dA-dA step but predict a
      smaller separation for the dT-dA step and a larger separation for the dA-dT step
      in a D(A-T-T-A).d(T-A-A-T) fragment. We have confirmed these predictions from
      steady-state nuclear Overhauser effect measurements between assigned minor groove
      adenosine H-2 protons on adjacent base pairs in the proton NMR spectrum of the
      d(C1-G2-A3-T4-T5-A6-T6-A5-A4-T3-C2-G1) self-complementary dodecanucleotide duplex
      (henceforth called the Pribnow 12-mer) in solution. The measured cross-relaxation
      rates (product of steady-state nuclear Overhauser effect and selective spin-
      lattice relaxation rates) translate to interproton separations between adjacent
      adenosine H-2 protons of 4.22 A in the (dA3-dT4).(dA4-dT3) step, of 3.56 A in the
      (dT4-dT5).dA5-dA4) step, and of 3.17 A in the (dT5-dA6).(dT6-dA5) step for the
      Pribnow 12-mer duplex with an isotropic rotational correlation time of 9 ns at 5
      degrees C. These proton NMR results show that the sequence-dependent base-pair
      stacking resulting from base-pair propeller twisting of defined handedness for
      right-handed DNA in the solid state is maintained in aqueous solution.

PMID- 6575385
TI  - Two levels of regulation of beta-interferon gene expression in human cells.
AB  - We cloned alpha- and beta-interferon cDNA and used them as specific probes to
      determine the relative levels of interferon mRNA in human fibroblasts cells
      induced with poly(rI).poly(rC) or Newcastle disease virus to synthesize
      interferon. Both inducers activated only the beta-interferon gene; however, the
      half life of beta-interferon mRNA in cells induced with virus was substantially
      longer than in poly(rI).poly(rC)-induced cells. The transcription rate of beta
      interferon RNA sequences was examined in nuclei isolated from poly(rI).poly(rC)
      induced cells; it was found that the induction leads to transcriptional
      activation of the beta-interferon gene and that the shutoff period when no
      interferon synthesis or cytoplasmic betamRNA are detected. Thus, the synthesis of
      beta interferon in poly(rI).poly-(rC)-induced human fibroblasts is controlled
      both by activation of transcription of the beta-interferon gene and by alteration
      of the beta-interferon mRNA stability.

PMID- 6575386
TI  - Kinetic analysis of the interaction of human tissue kallikrein with single-chain
      human high and low molecular weight kininogens.
AB  - Human low molecular weight kininogen (LMWK) and high molecular weight kininogen
      (HMWK) have been purified to apparent homogeneity as intact, single-chain
      molecules. When they interacted with homologous urinary kallikrein, 0.9 mol of
      kinin per mol of substrate was released from LMWK and 0.7 mol of kinin per mol of
      substrate was released from HMWK. These functionally and structurally intact
      substrates have been used to obtain the kinetic constants for kinin release by
      purified human tissue kallikreins. With human urinary kallikrein, apparent second
      order rate constants (kcat/Km) of 1.46 X 105, 8.6 X 104, and 5.08 X 104 M-1.S-1
      were obtained with LMWK, HMWK, and alpha-N-p-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester
      (TAMe), respectively; with human pancreatic kallikrein, values of 8.7 X 103 and
      7.3 X 104 M-1.S-1 were obtained with HMWK and TAMe. These values, which are
      comparable to those obtained for other enzyme-protein substrate interactions,
      indicate that LMWK is only slightly preferred to interactions, indicate that LMWK
      is only slightly preferred to HMWK as the natural substrate for urinary
      kallikrein and that HMWK as the natural substrate for urinary kallikrein and that
      HMWK is a somewhat better substrate for urinary kallikrein than for pancreatic
      kallikrein. Although the data obtained have been shown by NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis to reflect cleavage of the substrate at two points, the
      linear Line-weaver-Burk plots suggest that one cleavage is rate limiting. Because
      the plasma concentrations of both LMWK and HMWK are approximately 1/10th the Km
      values obtained, substrate concentration may also play a role in determining the
      rate at which tissue kallikreins release kinins from kininogen substrates either
      in the circulation or extravascularly.

PMID- 6575387
TI  - Bactobilin: blue bile pigment isolated from Clostridium tetanomorphum.
AB  - A blue bile pigment, possessing four acetic and four propionic acid side chains
      has been isolated from extracts of the anaerobic microorganism Clostridium
      tetanomorphum and in smaller amounts from Propionibacterium shermanii. The
      compound could be prepared in larger amounts by incubation of C. tetanomorphum
      enzyme extracts with added delta-aminolevulinic acid. The ultraviolet-visible,
      infrared, and proton magnetic resonance spectra of the pigment indicate a
      chromophore of the biliverdin type. Field-desorption mass spectrometry of the
      purified methyl ester showed a strong molecular ion at m/e = 962. This
      corresponds to the molecular weight expected for the octamethyl ester of a
      bilatriene type of bile pigment structurally derived from uroporphyrin III or I.
      Of the five possible structures, two could be eliminated by proton magnetic
      resonance spectroscopy. The name bactobilin is proposed for this previously
      unreported bile pigment.

PMID- 6575388
TI  - Modulation of proline-rich protein biosynthesis in rat parotid glands by sorghums
      with high tannin levels.
AB  - Feeding of sorghum with a high level of tannin (high-tannin sorghum) to rats
      caused changes in gene expression in parotid glands similar to isoproterenol
      treatment. Within 3 days the parotid glands were enlarged about 3-fold and a
      series of proline-rich proteins were increased about 12-fold. Unlike
      isoproterenol treatment, no changes were observed in the submandibular glands,
      and a Mr 220,000 glycoprotein in parotid glands was not induced. Amino acid
      analyses, electrophoretic patterns, and cell-free translations of mRNAs all
      confirmed that the proline-rich proteins induced by feeding high-tannin sorghum
      were identical to those induced by isoproterenol treatment. Binding curves for
      proline-rich proteins to tannins showed affinities 10-fold greater than bovine
      serum albumin and tannins.

PMID- 6575389
TI  - Partial mRNA sequences for human A alpha, B beta, and gamma fibrinogen chains:
      evolutionary and functional implications.
AB  - Using rat cDNA and genomic probes to screen a human liver cDNA library, we have
      isolated clone of 2,274, 855, and 736 base pairs (bp) coding for the A alpha, B
      beta and gamma chains of human fibrinogen. Sequence analysis reveals a hitherto
      unrecognized extension of 15 amino acids at the carboxyl terminus of the A alpha
      chain, the terminal residue of which is proline. This brings the known length of
      the human A alpha chain to 625 amino acids. The 13-amino-acid repeated region in
      the midportion of the A alpha chain clearly has arisen through an 8-fold
      duplication of a 39-bp genetic element, which itself appears to have been
      constructed from smaller 6-bp repeating units. Greater than 50% sequence homology
      between B beta- and gamma-chain coding regions confirms postulates that these
      genes have arisen by duplication and subsequent divergence of an ancestral gene.
      A comparison of human and rat gamma-chain cDNAs shows more than 88% sequence
      homology over the carboxyl-terminal 162 amino acids, implying strong selective
      pressures on these portions of the gamma-chain gene.

PMID- 6575390
TI  - Buffer gradient gels and 35S label as an aid to rapid DNA sequence determination.
AB  - Two methods for increasing the length of DNA sequence data that can be read off a
      polyacrylamide gel are described. We have developed a rapid way to pour a buffer
      concentration gradient gel that, by altering the vertical band separation on an
      autoradiograph, allows more sequence to be obtained from a gel. We also show that
      the use of deoxyadenosine 5'-(alpha-[35S]thio)triphosphate as the label
      incorporated in dideoxynucleotide sequence reactions increases the sharpness of
      the bands on an autoradiograph and so increases the resolution achieved.

PMID- 6575391
TI  - Cell adhesion mediated by a purified fucosyltransferase.
AB  - Human embryonic skin fibroblasts attach and spread on surfaces on which a
      fucosyltransferase purified from human milk has been immobilized. The adhesion
      enhancing effect of the transferase involves specific interactions of the enzyme
      surface with the cell surface carbohydrate acceptors, as suggested by the
      following findings. About 80% of human embryonic skin fibroblasts attach and
      spread in 1 hr on fucosyltransferase surfaces; in contrast, bovine serum albumin,
      fetuin, asialofetuin, and asialotransferrin surfaces fail to enhance adhesion.
      The adhesion-mediating activity of the transferase is destroyed by alkylation of
      the sulfhydryl groups or by heating. The adhesion on fucosyltransferase surfaces
      is inhibited by glycoprotein, glycolipid, and oligosaccharide acceptors
      containing the sugar sequence galactosyl-(beta 1 leads to 4)-N-acetylglucosamine,
      in agreement with the substrate specificity of the enzyme. The results suggest
      that glycosyltransferases are able to stimulate cell adhesion in a manner similar
      to that proposed for lectins.

PMID- 6575392
TI  - Use of in situ hybridization to identify collagen and albumin mRNAs in isolated
      mouse hepatocytes.
AB  - We present a simple and improved method for in situ localization of albumin and
      collagen mRNAs in isolated mouse hepatocytes. The cells were isolated by
      collagenase perfusion, mincing, and differential centrifugation. Nick-translated
      3H-labeled mouse albumin cDNA (pmalb-2) and chicken pro-alpha 2(I) collagen cDNA
      (pCg45) probes were then hybridized with the cells in silane-treated
      microcentrifuge tubes. The cells were transferred and fixed to a microscope slide
      and hybridization was evaluated semiquantitatively by counting exposure of grains
      in autoradiographic emulsion placed over the cells. With this method of in situ
      hybridization, all hepatocytes appear to have significant, but highly variable,
      amounts of albumin mRNA. In addition, type I procollagen mRNA appears to be
      present at low abundance in hepatocytes. These results indicate that in situ
      hybridization can effectively demonstrate the presence of specific low- or high
      abundance mRNAs in isolated well-differentiated eukaryotic cells.

PMID- 6575393
TI  - Substrate-effected release of surface-located protein kinase from intact cells.
AB  - Protein kinase activity that is independent of cAMP has been reported to exist on
      the surface of intact HeLa cells. Here we report that the protein kinase activity
      can be released by the use of casein or phosvitin within a short period of time.
      The discharge of the enzyme occurs from intact cells since (i) the cells do not
      release intracellular material and (ii) the cultures continue to grow within any
      morphological alteration. As shown with phosvitin, the release of protein kinase
      depends on substrate concentration, incubation time, and temperature. The degree
      of inducible release or surface protein kinase is inversely related to cell
      density. Four incubations with phosvitin (1 mg/ml) are sufficient to liberate
      most of the enzyme, thus greatly reducing the capacity of the cells to
      phosphorylate cellular substrates at the surface. Within approximately 24 hr
      after protein kinase removal, cultures have restored their surface protein
      kinase. Cultured cells of different origin (rat liver, mouse cerebellum, and
      human lung) exhibited phosvitin-induced protein kinase release from intact cells.
      The possible significance of these observations with respect to extracellular
      protein phosphorylation is discussed.

PMID- 6575395
TI  - A quantitative genetic model of reciprocal altruism: a condition for kin or group
      selection to prevail.
AB  - A condition is derived for reciprocal altruism to evolve by kin or group
      selection. It is assumed that many additively acting genes of small effect and
      the environment determine the probability that an individual is a reciprocal
      altruist, as opposed to being unconditionally selfish. The particular form of
      reciprocal altruism considered is TIT FOR TAT, a strategy that involves being
      altruistic on the first encounter with another individual and doing whatever the
      other did on the previous encounter in subsequent encounters with the same
      individual. Encounters are restricted to individuals of the same generation
      belonging to the same kin or breeding group, but first encounters occur at random
      within that group. The number of individuals with which an individual interacts
      is assumed to be the same within any kin or breeding group. There are 1 + i
      expected encounters between two interacting individuals. On any encounter, it is
      assumed that an individual who behaves altruistically suffers a cost in personal
      fitness proportional to c while improving his partner's fitness by the same
      proportion of b. Then, the condition for kin or group selection to prevail is
      [Formula: see text] if group size is sufficiently large and the group mean and
      the within-group genotypic variance of the trait value (i.e., the probability of
      being a TIT-FOR-TAT strategist) are uncorrelated. Here, C, Vb, and Tb are the
      population mean, between-group variance, and between-group third central moment
      of the trait value and r is the correlation between the additive genotypic values
      of interacting kin or of individuals within the same breeding group. The right
      hand side of the above inequality is monotone decreasing in C if we hold Tb/Vb
      constant, and kin and group selection become superfluous beyond a certain
      threshold value of C. The effect of finite group size is also considered in a kin
      selection model.

PMID- 6575394
TI  - Intramolecular heterogeneity of degradation in plasma membrane glycoproteins:
      evidence for a general characteristic.
AB  - Five integral plasma membrane glycoproteins (60, 80, 120, 140, and 160
      kilodaltons) were isolated to homogeneity from rat liver by a four-step
      procedure: (i) extraction of plasma membranes with lithium diiodosalicylate, (ii)
      solubilization of glycoproteins with Nonidet P-40, (iii) affinity chromatography
      on concanavalin A-Sepharose, and (iv) semipreparative NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. The glycoproteins contained 48.5--51.5% hydrophobic amino acids.
      Carbohydrate moieties contained N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-mannose, D-galactose, L
      fucose, and N-acetylneuraminic acid. N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine was not detectable.
      Half-lives of degradation of the carbohydrate and protein moieties of the five
      glycoproteins were measured by pulse-chase experiments in vivo. Protein moieties
      had half-lives ranging from 52 to 88 hr in the five glycoproteins, with a mean of
      73 +/- 15 hr. Terminal sugars, L-fucose, and N-acetylneuraminic acid had
      significantly shorter half-lives, averaging 18 +/- 2 hr and 29 +/- 3 hr,
      respectively. The half-life of D-mannose varied between that of the terminal
      sugars and that of the protein moiety, depending on the type of the glycoprotein.
      The data show that the carbohydrate moieties are degraded faster than the protein
      portion of the glycoproteins. As this finding was obtained in each of the five
      glycoproteins, intramolecular heterogeneity of breakdown may be a general
      characteristic of plasma membrane glycoproteins in liver.

PMID- 6575396
TI  - Isolation of amplified DNA sequences from IMR-32 human neuroblastoma cells:
      facilitation by fluorescence-activated flow sorting of metaphase chromosomes.
AB  - Human neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells have large homogeneously staining regions
      (HSRs), primarily in the short arms of chromosome 1. We have constructed a
      recombinant phage library that is enriched for DNA present in the HSR of this
      chromosome by using fluorescence-activated flow sorting for initial chromosome
      purification. Eleven distinct cloned DNA segments were identified that showed
      significantly greater hybridization to IMR-32 genomic DNA, detected by Southern
      blotting, than to normal human genomic DNA. These sequences have also been
      localized to the HSR of chromosome 1 by in situ hybridization. Based on an
      approximate 50-fold sequence amplification for each cloned segment and a total
      HSR size of 150,000 kilobases, the amplified unit in the HSR is estimated to be
      3,000 kilobases. Sequences homologous to all cloned HSR DNA segments were mapped
      to human chromosome 2 by using human-mouse hybrid cells. Further work using in
      situ hybridization demonstrated that cloned HSR segments were localized in the
      short arm of chromosome 2 in both normal and IMR-32 cells. Thus, the
      amplification of these sequences in IMR-32 cells may have involved transposition
      from chromosome 2 to chromosome I.

PMID- 6575397
TI  - Population genetics of multigene families that are dispersed into two or more
      chromosomes.
AB  - The evolution of multigene families whose members are dispersed into two or more
      nonhomologous chromosomes is studied from the standpoint of population genetics.
      By using a simple model of gene conversion, equilibrium and transient properties
      of the probability of identity of genes belonging to the family are investigated.
      Also, the time until fixation of a mutant belonging to a subdivided multigene
      family is studied by an approximation method. It is shown that dispersion of the
      family into two or more chromosomes has a relatively minor effect on the extent
      of identity between genes, unless the conversion rate between genes on
      nonhomologous chromosomes is extremely low, or unless the number of nonhomologous
      chromosomes on which gene members are dispersed is large.

PMID- 6575398
TI  - Anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies directed against the alpha-bungarotoxin
      binding site induce a unique form of experimental myasthenia.
AB  - Of seven rat monoclonal antibodies directed against nicotinic acetylcholine
      receptor, the three whose binding was blocked by alpha-bungarotoxin produced
      acute paralysis in chicken hatchlings, whereas the four others had no effect. In
      the affected animals, weakness and decremental electromyographic responses
      appeared within 1 hr after intravenous injection and both abnormalities improved
      after anticholinesterase administration. No histological changes were seen in the
      muscle of injected animals. These data suggest that antibodies binding in
      relationship to the cholinergic binding site, and presumably producing
      pharmacologic blockade of acetylcholine receptor, may play an important role in
      the pathogenesis of the defective neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia
      gravis.

PMID- 6575399
TI  - Mevinolin and colestipol stimulate receptor-mediated clearance of low density
      lipoprotein from plasma in familial hypercholesterolemia heterozygotes.
AB  - In subject with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), a 50% deficiency
      of receptors for plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) impairs the removal of LDL
      from plasma and produces hypercholesterolemia. In these patients mevinolin, an
      inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, blocks cholesterol
      synthesis and lowers plasma LDL levels. To determine the mechanism for the LDL
      lowering effect, we administered 131I-labeled LDL intravenously to six FH
      heterozygotes before and during treatment with mevinolin and calculated the
      apparent fractional catabolic rate (FCR) and synthetic rate for LDL. After
      mevinolin treatment, the mean plasma LDL-cholesterol level declined from 262 to
      191 mg/dl (27% decrease), the mean FCR for 131I-labeled LDL increased from 0.30
      to 0.41 pools per day (37% increase), and the mean calculated synthetic rate for
      LDL-protein did not change significantly. In one of FH heterozygote with an ileal
      bypass and in another who received colestipol, the addition of mevinolin caused,
      respectively, a 41% and 60% decrease in plasma LDL levels and a 60% and 100%
      increase in the FCR for plasma LDL. The contribution of receptor-dependent
      pathways to the FCR for plasma LDL was estimated in three FH heterozygotes by
      simultaneous measurements of the FCR for native 131I-labeled LDL and 125I-labeled
      glucosylated LDL, which does not bind to LDL receptors. Whereas the removal rate
      for native LDL increased after mevinolin treatment, the removal rate for
      glucosylated LDL did not change. The current data suggest that mevinolin alone or
      mevinolin plus bile acid depletion (i.e., ileal bypass or colestipol therapy)
      decreases plasma LDL levels primarily by raising the number of LDL receptors and,
      thus, enhancing the removal of LDL from plasma.

PMID- 6575400
TI  - Inhibition by estradiol of the lactogenic effect of prolactin in primate mammary
      tissue: reversal by antiestrogens LY 156758 and tamoxifen.
AB  - Increasing concentrations of estradiol (E2) ranging from 0.01 to 10 nM were found
      to inhibit partially but significantly the lactogenic effect of ovine prolactin
      (oPRL) on alpha-lactalbumin production in primate mammary tissues maintained in
      organ culture for 9 days. E2 at 10 nM inhibited by 38% (mean) PRL-stimulated
      alpha-lactalbumin production measured by radioimmunoassay. E2 antagonized the
      effect of oPRL by reducing new alpha-lactalbumin synthesis as determined by
      specific immunoprecipitation of alpha-lactalbumin and by analysis with NaDodSO4
      gel electrophoresis. In immunoprecipitation studies, the mean inhibition of alpha
      lactalbumin production was 57.6%. E2 in the absence of oPRL had no effect on
      alpha-lactalbumin production. In contrast to previous observations in rodents,
      progesterone was found to be a much weaker inhibitor of PRL-induced alpha
      lactalbumin production than was E2 in primate breast tissues. Mean inhibition of
      oPRL-stimulated alpha-lactalbumin production was 32.3% with 10 microM
      progesterone and 8.3% with 10 nM. The inhibitory effect of E2 on oPRL-stimulated
      alpha-lactalbumin production was significantly reversed by both tamoxifen and a
      new antiestrogen, LY 156758. Although exact comparison of the effects of these
      two antiestrogens was not possible, it was apparent that LY 156758 was more
      potent in blocking the E2 inhibitory effect. In summary, these studies provide
      evidence that physiologic concentrations of estradiol partially block the
      lactogenic effect of PRL in primate mammary glands, suggesting a new role for
      estrogen in mammary physiology. The inhibitory effect of estrogen treatment on
      milk production in women after parturition may possibly be explained by this
      direct antagonism between E2 and PRL.

PMID- 6575401
TI  - Denervated sheath cells secrete a new protein after nerve injury.
AB  - When rat sciatic nerves are crushed, Schwann cells or other supporting cells
      distal to the injury site begin to synthesize and secrete an acidic 37-kilodalton
      (kDa) protein. This crush-induced protein accumulates within the nerve sheath and
      accounts for 2-5% of the total extracellular protein in the distal nerve stump.
      Synthesis of the 37-kDa protein increased for 2 weeks after nerve crush and
      declines slowly, beginning 4-6 weeks after the injury. The synthesis of the
      protein may be regulated by axon-Schwann cell contact. The specific induction of
      the 37-kDa protein and its accumulation in the extracellular space during nerve
      regeneration suggest that the protein promotes some aspect of axon growth.
      Because it is induced slowly after injury, the 37-kDa protein is unlikely to
      stimulate initial outgrowth of axons; however, it might promote later neuronal
      responses related to axon growth. The sciatic nerve supporting cells also respond
      to denervation by reducing the synthesis and release of two proteins of molecular
      mass 51 and 54 kDa. After crush injury to rat optic nerves, glial cells in the
      distal optic nerve stump also begin to synthesize and release an acidic 37-kDa
      protein, although axons of this central nervous system tract do not regenerate.
      If the 37-kDa protein from peripheral nerves proves to participate in the support
      of axon regrowth, then the results with rat optic nerve suggest that central
      nervous system glia initiate at least one part of an appropriate response to
      nerve injury.

PMID- 6575403
TI  - [Alcoholism--hyperphagia--anorexia. A comparison].

PMID- 6575402
TI  - Frequency-dependent activation of glucose utilization in the superior cervical
      ganglion by electrical stimulation of cervical sympathetic trunk.
AB  - Electrical stimulation of the distal stump of the transected cervical sympathetic
      trunk produces a frequency-dependent activation of glucose utilization, measured
      by the deoxy[14C]glucose method, in the superior cervical ganglion of the
      urethane-anesthetized rat. The frequency dependence falls between 0-15 Hz; at 20
      Hz the activation of glucose utilization is no greater than at 15 Hz.
      Deafferentation of the superior cervical ganglion is transection of the cervical
      sympathetic trunk does not diminish the rate of glucose utilization in the
      ganglion in the urethane-anesthetized rat. These results indicate that the rate
      of energy metabolism in an innervated neural structure is, at least in part,
      regulated by the impulse frequency of the electrical input to the structure, and
      this regulation may be an essential component of the mechanism of the coupling of
      metabolic activity to functional activity in the nervous system.

PMID- 6575404
TI  - [Mechanisms of potentiating and prolonging the radioprotective effect of
      multicomponent compounds].
AB  - A study was made of the effect of mexamine, etiron and gutimine on the pattern of
      distribution of cystamine within the body and the rate of its conversion in
      tissues of albino mice. It was shown that the potentiation and prolongation of
      the radioprotective effect is based on the ability of the complex of these
      preparations to inhibit the conversion of the S-containing radioprotective agent.

PMID- 6575405
TI  - Zonal heterogeneity of prostaglandin and thromboxane release in the dog kidney.
AB  - The release of prostaglandin(PG) and thromboxane(TX) was examined in the six
      different areas of the normal dog kidney, i.e., renal arterial and venous
      strips(RA and RV), superficial and deep cortical slices(SC and DC) and outer and
      inner medullary slices(OM and IM). These tissues were incubated in Krebs
      bicarbonate buffer(pH 7.4, 37 degrees C), and the released PGE2, PGF2 alpha, 6
      keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2(as stable metabolites of PGI2 and TXA2, respectively)
      were determined by radioimmunoassay. In RA, RV, SC and DC, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was
      predominant, however, there were no quantitative differences between RA and RV,
      or SC and DC. The release of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha reached a maximum in IM, similar
      to findings on the release of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha. The release of TXB2 was
      uniform in OM and IM. The amount of PGE2, PGF2 alpha, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2
      released from IM was 2800, 400, 60 and 50 times higher, respectively, than the
      extent of the release from the cortical slices. These results suggest that PGI2
      as well as PGE2 and PGF2 alpha, may be involved in renal PG, and that TXA2 is
      biosynthesized in the normal dog kidney.

PMID- 6575406
TI  - Concentrations of prostaglandin F2 alpha in the pig oviductal fluid.
AB  - Oviductal fluid was continuously collected from cycling, unrestrained gilts
      during late proestrus, standing heat and early luteal phase. Collection was
      performed via cannulae exteriorized to single vented collection tubes attached to
      the skin. In some cases one of the oviducts was transected at isthmic level to
      compare fluid production rates with those of the contralateral intact tube. A
      consistently elevated fluid production was observed during proestrus and standing
      heat, being highest at the second day of the cycle, thereafter decreasing. No
      significant differences were seen between daily collection rates from right or
      left nor between intact and isthmic transected oviducts. Levels of PGF2 alpha
      were determined by RIA in the collected samples. Relatively large day to day
      fluctuations in PGF2 alpha values were evident and a consistent relationship was
      found between concentration and the stage of the estrous cycle. The highest PGF2
      alpha mean values (up to 50 ng/ml fluid) were also found on the second day of
      standing heat, concurrently periovulatory.

PMID- 6575407
TI  - A comparative study of the expansion of six dental investment materials (I).

PMID- 6575408
TI  - Personnel policies: are your employees informed?

PMID- 6575409
TI  - [Detection of small pulmonary carcinoma by 67Ga uptake ratio].
AB  - Generally, it is reported that the smallest tumor that can be detected with the
      67Ga scintigram is limited to a diameter of approximately 3.0 cm. To surmount
      that limitation we have attempted to detect small lung cancer by means of
      quantitative external counting of 67Ga uptake rather than the qualitative
      scintigram. Seventy-two hours after 67Ga injection, the uptake counts of tumor
      (T) and a corresponding normal region in the opposite lung (N) were measured with
      scintillation camera. The 67Ga uptake ratio ((T-N)/N) could then be calculated.
      The 67Ga uptake ratio of 6 pulmonary adenocarcinomas was measured to be 0.05
      0.22. In contrast, the 67Ga uptake ratio of benign lesions such as tuberculoma,
      pulmonary infarct, cyst, pneumoconiosis, mucoid impaction, hamartoma and chronic
      inflammatory lesion with calcification resulted in negative values (-0.01--0.77).
      From these results, it was possible to differentiated small adenocarcinoma of the
      lung tumor from these benign diseases. However, the 67Ga uptake ratios of 4 cases
      of active tuberculosis, 5 chronic inflammatory lesions and 1 granuloma were 0.01
      0.41. The cases with more than 0.30 of 67Ga uptake ratios all represented active
      inflammatory lesions. However, there were some cases of inflammatory lesions
      where the values overlapped with adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 6575410
TI  - [Experimental studies on tumor accumulation of 99mTc-fibrinogen--A comparison
      with 67Ga-citrate].

PMID- 6575411
TI  - Measurement of plasma prostaglandin E2 using capillary gas chromatography
      negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry.
AB  - A stable isotope dilution assay for the measurement of plasma prostaglandin E2
      (PGE2) employing capillary column gas chromatography-negative ion chemical
      ionization mass spectrometry (GC-NICIMS) is described. PGE2 was extracted from
      plasma using C18 and silica SEP-PAKS. Further purification and separation was
      accomplished by thin layer chromatography. The prostaglandin was analyzed as its
      pentafluorobenzyl ester-methoxime-trimethyl-silyl ether, using fragment ions at
      m/e 524 (protium) and m/e 528 (deuterium) for quantitation. The mean plasma
      concentration of PGE2 determined in 8 healthy volunteers was 2.8 +/- 2.0 pg/ml.

PMID- 6575412
TI  - The release of surfactant in rat lung by brief periods of hyperventilation.
AB  - We investigated the release of surfactant-type phospholipids (S) using the
      isolated perfused rat lung (IPL). Following a 20 min equilibration period the
      lungs were hyperventilated for up to 15 min and then lavaged. Changing the peak
      inspired pressure (PIP) from 10 to 20 cm H2O rapidly increased the rate of
      release of S; this rate declined after 2 min. In contrast, doubling frequency of
      ventilation while maintaining the control tidal volume had no effect. The
      increase in alveolar S reflected release. rather than redistribution, and after 2
      min amounted to about 8% of total S in lung tissue. Equivalent hyperventilation
      in an open-chested intact rat released significantly less S, suggesting possible
      tonic neurohumoral suppression in vivo. The release of S in the IPL was depressed
      by reducing temperature, but was not affected by hypoxia, 2,4 dinitrophenol,
      phenylephrine or dibutyrylguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate. We suggest that
      increasing tidal volume may directly distort the alveolar type II cell; each cell
      reacts to its own threshold distortion by releasing a pool of S in all-or-none
      fashion.

PMID- 6575413
TI  - [Acute leukemia and pregnancy].

PMID- 6575414
TI  - [Early fetal loss in a patient with acute leukemia].

PMID- 6575415
TI  - [Endodontic technics.  Canal preparation].

PMID- 6575416
TI  - [Histological and radiographic aspects of the periapex].

PMID- 6575417
TI  - [Long-term results of endodontic treatment of lesions of the periapex. Critical
      analysis].

PMID- 6575418
TI  - [Endodontic treatment of periapical lesions: surgical principles and technics].

PMID- 6575419
TI  - [Current perspectives in analgesia using electroacupuncture].

PMID- 6575420
TI  - [Deciduous teeth in children with celiac disease].

PMID- 6575421
TI  - [Compared advantages and disadvantages of auto- and photopolymerized composite
      resins].

PMID- 6575422
TI  - [Pulpectomy with and without anesthesia. Surgical field].

PMID- 6575423
TI  - Iatrogenic extracorporeal hemolysis during cardiac surgery in a child: a case
      report.

PMID- 6575424
TI  - Notes from underground.

PMID- 6575425
TI  - The use of a feeding gastrostomy as a means of preventing staple line disruption
      in gastric operations for morbid obesity.

PMID- 6575426
TI  - [Ventilators for adults].

PMID- 6575427
TI  - [Lymphoscintigraphy in a case of esophageal cancer].

PMID- 6575428
TI  - [Case of misguided "oral care"].

PMID- 6575429
TI  - [Controlled therapeutic trials: analysis of the results].

PMID- 6575430
TI  - [The accessory salivary glands in Sjogren's syndrome. Histological and
      ultrastructural study. Correlations with sialographic changes in the principal
      glands].
AB  - 139 salivary gland biopsies have been studied in patients with Sjogren's
      syndrome. Histologically, we classified labial salivary gland injuries (127
      cases) in 3 groups based on striated duct distension: first, some tubular ectasia
      with few interstitial lymphoid cells; second, much ectasia associated with many
      lymphoid cells and early pericanalar sclerosis; third, intensive ectasia, scarce
      lymphocytes, severe peri and intralobular sclerosis and extensive destruction of
      acini. This grading is positively correlated with that of parotid biopsies and
      also with abnormalies on 60 parotid sialographic radiogramms performed
      simultaneously. Histoenzymological and ultrastructural studies demonstrate, at an
      early stage of the disease, epithelial and myoepithelial alterations in striated
      ducts, with tubular ectasia. Simultaneously, an intensive regeneration from
      intercalated ducts takes place. Nevertheless that regeneration fails to repair
      myoepithelial cells. Furthermore, young myoid cells, leaving tubular walls,
      migrate in interstitial tissue and are responsible for accumulation of membranoid
      material and later of collagen sclerosis.

PMID- 6575431
TI  - [Growth of the jaws and anisochronia of bone growth].
AB  - Teleradiographic recordings were employed to compare growth of maxillary skeleton
      and changes in dental systems. Facial growth occurs at a constant rate during the
      period when growth in stature is firstly slowed, and then accelerates with the
      approach of puberty. Growth rates of different parts of the skeleton are not
      parallel and the face is not involved in the prepubertal acceleration in statural
      growth. In contrast, puberty affects the adaptation of the dental system to its
      maxillary insertion bases by its action on buccal musculature.

PMID- 6575432
TI  - [Permanent constriction of the jaws due to an osteoma of the temporal muscle.
      Apropos of 2 cases].
AB  - Authors report 2 cases of pseudoankylosis of the mandible secondary to myositis
      ossificans of the temporal muscle. Diagnostic workup is based on a clear history
      of trauma and clinic and X ray examinations. In the treatment of such a lesion
      the calcified part of the temporal muscle must be excised and an intraoral
      coronoidectomy performed to prevent further recurrence. Selected jaw exercises
      are useful too.

PMID- 6575433
TI  - [Cranio-facial and dental manifestations of erythrocyte abnormalities].
AB  - Various types of erythrocyte lesions are observed: hemoglobin anomalies, enzyme
      disorders, membrane anomalies. This leads to a reduction in the duration of life
      of the erythrocytes or to abnormal erythropoiesis with, in both cases, reactive
      development of hematopoietic tissue. This extension of the medullary field in
      bones results in alterations that are initially visible on radiography, and then,
      in the severe forms, in the development of mainly craniofacial and dental
      dysmorphia with, in some cases, additional secondary enamel and dentine anomalies
      of the hemolytic origin. These anomalies were present to varying degrees in a
      series of patients in whom cranial radiographies were performed. In two cases
      there was a fortuitous association of dental anomalies of the melanodontia and
      opalescent dentine types. These patients may raise particular problems during
      dental care and treatment: risk of infection, respect of drug contraindications,
      latent cardiac insufficiency.

PMID- 6575434
TI  - [Sickle cell anemia, an example of a constitutional disease of hemoglobin].
AB  - Sickle cell anemia is a congenital haemolitic anemia. The replacement of the
      hydrophilic glutamine residue at the 6 position of the beta chain by the
      hydrophobic valine leads to severe conformation change in the molecule resulting
      in sickling. The consequences are haemolysis, vascular stasis and thrombotic
      crisis. Infection triggers thrombosis and vice-versa. Clinical manifestation is
      anemia punctuated by intermittent crisis producing infarction. Pneumococcal and
      salmonella infections are frequent mainly in the lungs and bones. Prognosis is
      poor, half of the patients dying before 20 years. Prompt treatment of infection
      is important. Treatment includes good nutrition and administration of folic acid.
      Transfusions are often usefull to avoid hazards of anesthesia or surgery. Ante
      natal diagnosis based on smaller sample of foetal blood or amniotic liquid is now
      possible.

PMID- 6575435
TI  - [Use of radioactive isotopes in clinical hematology].
AB  - Principles underlying the use of radioactive isotopes for diagnostic, prognostic,
      and therapeutic purposes in human biology are briefly discussed, and the
      possibilities of the employ of isotopic techniques in general illustrated by the
      results obtained in human hematology.

PMID- 6575436
TI  - [Malignant ameloblastoma. Apropos of a case].
AB  - Ameloblastoma is a locally invasive, histologically nonmalignant tumor that may
      on very rare occasions give rise to metastases. A patient with a mandibular
      ameloblastoma presenting typical histologic appearances developed a pulmonary
      metastasis confirmed by histology as arising from the primary tumor. Two groups
      of these extremely rare malignant ameloblastomas can be distinguished: those
      without histologic signs of degeneration that give rise to metastases identical
      to the primary lesion, and those with degenerative signs provoking metastases
      with the histologic appearance of undifferentiated carcinoma. No relation appears
      to exist between size of primary tumor, histologic type of ameloblastoma, or its
      course and tendency to produce metastases.

PMID- 6575437
TI  - [A variety of lymphomatoid granulomatosis, pseudosarcoid granulomatosis. An
      anatomo-clinical observation with an ultrastructural study].
AB  - A case of sarcoid-like granulomatosis involving the lung, skin and a large
      cervical vessel is presented. The patient died 4 years after the beginning of the
      disease with a diffuse angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and a sarcomatous
      change. Although peculiar histological lesions were seen, with a majority of
      epithelioid and giant Langhans cells, the extra-pulmonary involvement and the
      poor prognosis were similar to those of the typical lymphomatoid granulomatosis
      (Liebow's disease).

PMID- 6575438
TI  - [Metabolic hypercorticism diagnosed during dental care].
AB  - Excess amounts of adrenocortical hormones might be clinically observed most
      notably in the upper part of the face. The diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome
      depends on a simple laboratory evaluation. Computer scanning may be of
      considerable value in localising adrenal tumors and differentiating them from
      bilateral hyperplasia, which has a pituitary origin.

PMID- 6575439
TI  - [Hirsutism, diagnostic steps].
AB  - Hirsutism is currently observed, especially by stomatologists. Nowadays it is
      possible to treat efficiently this common disease after undertaking a simple
      laboratory evaluation. However it will take a few months in most cases to observe
      a clinical efficacy of treatment.

PMID- 6575440
TI  - [Long-term survivors of acute lymphatic leukemia in adults].
AB  - A long-term survival study was carried out in a group of 28 adult patients with
      acute lymphathic leukemia. The complete remission rate was 67.8%, the 50%
      survival rate is 21.5 months and 41 months in those with complete remissions. Six
      of 28 patients are long-term survivors and are living at least 5 years after
      diagnosis. There was a significant majority of female patients among the long
      term survivors, with a female to male ratio of 4:2. The 50% survival rate of
      female patients (n = 11) was 42.5 months and thus considerably higher compared
      with the corresponding male patients (n = 17, 50% survival rate 7 months). No
      further clinical or hematological parameters of prognostic relevance were found
      as a common feature of the long-term survivor group.

PMID- 6575441
TI  - [The Zurich experience with preoperative high-dose methotrexate in
      osteosarcomas].
AB  - 15 consecutive patients with osteosarcoma underwent preoperative chemotherapy
      with high dose methotrexate (HDMTX) containing regimens according to the T7 or
      T10 protocols of ROSEN, Preoperative chemotherapy was well tolerated and did not
      impair surgical procedures. 67% of the patients responded clinically with
      reduction of pain and tumor size. Histologic examination of the tumor after
      preoperative chemotherapy revealed extensive necrosis in 53% of patients. In a
      retrospective analysis, patients with extensive necrosis (group B) were compared
      with those with little or no necrosis (group A). Patients from group B had a
      longer relapse free and overall survival period than group A. In addition,
      patients of group A had significantly higher initial levels of alkaline
      phosphatase than group B. The incidence of a 2.5-fold increase of the
      transaminases 2-3 days after HDMTX was significantly greater in patients of group
      B compared to group A. In the absence of documented necrosis after chemotherapy
      according to the T7 or T10 protocols, further use of HDMTX is not indicated. New
      aspects on the treatment of osteosarcoma, derived from recent publications, are
      discussed.

PMID- 6575442
TI  - Fifty one year old caucasian female with persistent diarrhea.

PMID- 6575443
TI  - Echovirus 11 infections in South Dakota, 1979-1980: spectrum of disease.

PMID- 6575444
TI  - Gallium-67 uptake by the heart.

PMID- 6575445
TI  - Intracortical osteosarcoma: rare entity or early manifestation of classical
      osteosarcoma?

PMID- 6575446
TI  - Medical or other emergency situations in dentistry.

PMID- 6575447
TI  - General anaesthesia--training a new generation.

PMID- 6575448
TI  - Midazolam (Hypnovel)

PMID- 6575449
TI  - Atropine with Valium or Diazemuls.

PMID- 6575450
TI  - Unexpected allergic reaction to diazepam.

PMID- 6575451
TI  - [Restoration for class III, IV and V cavities].

PMID- 6575452
TI  - [Treatment of root caries in the aged. Consideration of adhesive materials based
      on a clinical study].

PMID- 6575453
TI  - [Composite resin restorations in posterior teeth].

PMID- 6575454
TI  - [Restoration of young permanent teeth].

PMID- 6575455
TI  - [Restoration of cervical lesions caused by toothbrushing].

PMID- 6575456
TI  - [Restorative technics in clinical cases of fractured incisors using adhesive
      composite resins].

PMID- 6575458
TI  - [Adhesiveness of composite resins: sequential clinical observations].

PMID- 6575457
TI  - [Restoration of mottled enamel and caries extending over many teeth].

PMID- 6575460
TI  - [Effective cementing technics using a non-adhesive cement].

PMID- 6575459
TI  - [Procedures for applying adhesive resins to crown restorations. Clinical
      procedures for adhesion inlays and adhesion crowns].

PMID- 6575461
TI  - [Restoration and adhesion in deciduous teeth. Consideration of adhesive materials
      based on a clinical study].

PMID- 6575462
TI  - [Application of the adhesive material "Orthomite Super Bond" in clinical
      orthodontics].

PMID- 6575463
TI  - [Use of 4-META adhesive acrylic resin in general practice. Fixation for mobile
      teeth].

PMID- 6575464
TI  - [Cavity design and preparation for adhesive composite restorations].

PMID- 6575465
TI  - [Cavity design and preparation for glass ionomer cements].

PMID- 6575466
TI  - [Pulp response to adhesive restorative materials].

PMID- 6575467
TI  - [Visual diagnosis of oral diseases. 4].

PMID- 6575468
TI  - [Experimental and clinical use of dental xeroradiography--the Xerox 110 system].

PMID- 6575469
TI  - [Dental caries in subgingival area--etiology and management].

PMID- 6575470
TI  - [Various clinical problems of subgingival caries in endodontic and periodontic
      treatments].

PMID- 6575471
TI  - [Maintenance after treatment of subgingival caries].

PMID- 6575472
TI  - [Mutation of Streptococcus mutans. II. Mutants as a modifying factor in
      cariogenicity].

PMID- 6575473
TI  - [Tracing technics for the Gothic arch].

PMID- 6575474
TI  - [Maladjustment cases following orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6575475
TI  - [Apexification: therapy for the divergent pulpless tooth].

PMID- 6575476
TI  - [Periodontal surgery and pathologic occlusion. Periodontal prosthesis (2)].

PMID- 6575477
TI  - [Effects of diet on health and periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6575478
TI  - [Diagnostic problems in mottled enamel].

PMID- 6575479
TI  - [Jurisprudence and dentistry--recent trends].

PMID- 6575480
TI  - [Forensic dentistry (2)].

PMID- 6575481
TI  - [Pin retention, pin technics].

PMID- 6575482
TI  - [Acute toxicity tests on prones-pasta].

PMID- 6575483
TI  - [Chinese pain medicine for trigeminal neuralgia and other pain in the
      maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6575485
TI  - Dental composites reinforced with microporous sintered glassfiber networks.

PMID- 6575484
TI  - [Efficacy and toxicity of preventive treatment with cranial irradiation and
      intrathecal methotrexate on the central nervous system in childhood lymphoblastic
      leukemia].

PMID- 6575486
TI  - [Ascaroidea and Ancylostoma infections in the dog].

PMID- 6575487
TI  - Treatment of the blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia with the
      combination of vindesine and prednisolone, and cytosine arabinoside.
AB  - Sixteen patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis were
      classified into three subgroups on the basis of blast cell morphology and a
      relation to the chemotherapeutic responsiveness was investigated. All of the four
      patients with lymphoid morphology, and seven of the eight with myeloid morphology
      (88%) achieved complete remission while none of the four with monocytoid
      morphology achieved complete remission.

PMID- 6575488
TI  - Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults with combination chemotherapy
      incorporating vindesine and prednisolone.
AB  - Seven adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated with
      induction regimen incorporating vindesine (VDS) and prednisolone (VDS-P). After
      achieving complete remission, multidrug regimens for remission consolidation and
      maintenance were given. All patients achieved complete remission including five
      cases of continuous complete remission.

PMID- 6575489
TI  - [Osteogenic sarcoma in siblings].

PMID- 6575490
TI  - Bile salt sulphation in man. Liver bile salt sulphotransferase activity in
      patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.
AB  - Bile salt sulphation in primary biliary cirrhosis was studied by measurements of
      the liver bile salt sulphotransferase levels in 16 patients. Although the enzyme
      activity varied among the patients it did not correlate with the severity of
      cholestasis. Furthermore, the mean bile salt sulphotransferase magnitude in
      patients with primary biliary cirrhosis did not differ significantly from
      corresponding enzyme activity in patients with non-cholestatic, alcohol induced
      liver disease. The present data indicates that chronic cholestasis, as evidenced
      in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, does not lead to increased levels of
      liver bile salt sulphotransferase. It is suggested that mechanisms other than
      enzymic induction are responsible for the increased bile salt sulphate synthesis
      as observed in primary biliary cirrhosis.

PMID- 6575491
TI  - Acute leukemia: diagnosis and management of testicular involvement.
AB  - Contemporary therapy of acute leukemia frequently achieves long-term continued
      complete remission (CCR) of bone marrow disease and prevents central nervous
      system relapse. However, accompanying improved survival is an increasing
      incidence of overt testicular relapse either during CCR or associated with bone
      marrow relapse. In 7 boys testicular abnormalities developed during CCR, 6 had
      open biopsy and 5 had histologically confirmed leukemic infiltration. Despite
      local therapy of orchiectomy or irradiation and chemotherapy reinduction, 2 of 6
      had testicular relapse and 4 of 6 died. Three boys with coexistent overt
      testicular and systemic relapse died. Nine boys with normal testes had testicular
      biopsy during CCR prior to discontinuation of chemotherapy. Results of all
      biopsies were benign, but one boy had a relapse. The diagnosis of occult
      testicular leukemia prior to discontinuation of chemotherapy allows selection of
      high-risk boys requiring prolonged, intensive, and possibly alternative therapy.
      The indication for testicular biopsy in boys with acute leukemia is documented,
      and appropriate clinical management of testicular leukemia is presented.

PMID- 6575493
TI  - Testicular biopsy and occult tumor in acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Testicular biopsy has become a routine procedure before discontinuing
      chemotherapy in male children being treated for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).
      Before a decision can be made to discontinue multiple drug therapy, all possible
      sites of occult tumor such as the testis, cerebrospinal fluid, and bone marrow
      must be sampled. Between December, 1978, and November, 1981, 25 male children
      underwent testicular biopsies after two or more years of combination chemotherapy
      at the Babies Hospital, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center. Only 3 of the 25
      patients (12%) were found to have leukemic infiltrates on histologic sections.
      Two of 3 patients, however, were noted preoperatively to have either irregular
      testicular contours or testicular enlargement and induration. Occult testicular
      infiltration discovered after two or more years of chemotherapy is rare. Most
      children with a histologically positive biopsy result were at least suspected
      preoperatively to have testicular involvement.

PMID- 6575492
TI  - Synchronous independent primary osteosarcoma and adenocarcinoma of kidney.
AB  - Primary osteogenic sarcomas are extremely rare tumors of the kidney. The
      association with a juxtaposed renal "clear" cell carcinoma would appear to be
      unique, although several cases of osteogenic sarcomatous differentiation have
      been described within so-called sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma variants. We
      report a case of synchronous independent development of both renal cell carcinoma
      and osteogenic sarcoma within the same kidney.

PMID- 6575494
TI  - Inappetent tortoises.

PMID- 6575495
TI  - Mapping of the major histocompatibility complex and viral antigens on the plasma
      membrane of a measles virus-infected cell.
AB  - The two measles virus glycoproteins, the hemagglutinin and fusion protein, are
      expressed on the surfaces of infected cells. Although the two molecules are
      chemically distinct, they associate on the cell surface, judging from their
      ability to comigrate (co-cap). However, neither is directly complexed with the
      major histocompatibility (MHC) gene products, HLA-A, -B, -C or -D, on the plasma
      membrane, based on results from three distinct assays. First, in tests of
      capping, these viral glycoproteins failed to comigrate with any HLA determinant.
      Second, electron microscopy showed that the viral glycoproteins occupied domains
      on the plasma membrane distinct from MHC gene products; 125I labeling of cell
      surface determinants and subsequent analysis by immune precipitation and PAGE
      confirmed this result. Third, incubation of measles virus-infected cells in the
      presence of monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies to measles virus glycoproteins
      removed the viral glycoproteins from the cells' surfaces but did not cause a
      corresponding decrease in amounts of HLA molecules. These results indicate that
      the hemagglutinin and fusion polypeptides of measles virus lie in close
      association on the plasma membrane; however, neither is linked with MHC gene
      products.

PMID- 6575496
TI  - Hypokalemic myopathy in hyperemesis gravidarum: its historical significance.

PMID- 6575497
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

PMID- 6575498
TI  - [Austrian Society of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis Working Group on Clinical
      Respiration Physiology. 1982 Workshop, Graz, 11-13 November 1982. Abstracts of
      presentations].

PMID- 6575499
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of the pathologic blood picture (12). Chronic myelocytic
      leukemia (CML)].

PMID- 6575500
TI  - [Strategies to overcome anxiety in the dentist].

PMID- 6575502
TI  - [Electronic data processing accounting for dentists].

PMID- 6575501
TI  - [Dental philatelic exhibits].

PMID- 6575503
TI  - [Indications and use of ceramic anchor implants].

PMID- 6575504
TI  - [What do parents think of prevention in kindergarten].

PMID- 6575505
TI  - [Caries prevention is also treated with fluoride preparations].

PMID- 6575506
TI  - [Role of assistants in history taking, counseling and planning].

PMID- 6575507
TI  - [Cost reduction! But how and where?].

PMID- 6575508
TI  - [Dental philatelic exhibits].

PMID- 6575509
TI  - [Cementation of inlays, crowns and bridges].

PMID- 6575510
TI  - [Surgical treatment of anomalies of prognathism].

PMID- 6575511
TI  - [Blood supply of the dental pulp after mandibular orthodontic surgery].

PMID- 6575512
TI  - [A technic for the surgical exposure of impacted teeth].

PMID- 6575513
TI  - [Interdisciplinary cooperation between orthodontists and oral surgeons].

PMID- 6575514
TI  - [Radiographic analysis for treatment planning of skeletal dysgnathia].

PMID- 6575515
TI  - [Correction of asymmetric facial bones and an over-developed maxilla].

PMID- 6575516
TI  - [Segmental osteotomy of upper and lower jaws].

PMID- 6575517
TI  - [Genetic factors in etiology of dysgnathias].

PMID- 6575518
TI  - [Micromorphologic and mineralogic observations of the structure of tooth enamel].

PMID- 6575519
TI  - [Questions on the treatment of lower anterior crowding with overbite].

PMID- 6575520
TI  - [Bacteriological aspects of the medicaments applied to apex of the pulp cavity].

PMID- 6575521
TI  - [The stomatologic system. 3].

PMID- 6575522
TI  - [Fetor ex ore - causes and cure].

PMID- 6575524
TI  - [Enamel remineralization - fluoride toothpastes - prevention?].

PMID- 6575523
TI  - [Biocompatibility of Isopast].

PMID- 6575526
TI  - [Dental assistant, a qualified team member in gnathologic practice].

PMID- 6575525
TI  - [Enamel remineralization in vivo].

PMID- 6575527
TI  - [Crozat appliance in daily practice].

PMID- 6575528
TI  - [Quick firing of porcelain inlays].

PMID- 6575529
TI  - [Organization and problems of dental emergency services in greater Munich].

PMID- 6575530
TI  - [The place of the private practitioner in social medicine].

PMID- 6575531
TI  - [Properties of auxotrophic mutants of Pseudomonas mallei].

PMID- 6575532
TI  - Significance of CoA-transferase in the reaction of maleate with amino acids and
      proteins.
AB  - Maleate reacts, in the presence of acetoacetyl-CoA and CoA-transferase with amino
      acids containing no sulphydryl groups. The physico-chemical properties of the
      reaction products are the same as those of the derivatives obtained in the
      reaction of amino acids with maleic anhydride, which indicates that the amino
      groups became acylated. In the presence of the transferase system, maleate also
      reacts with such proteins as histone IIA, cytochrome c and albumin. The reaction
      also occurs after blocking SH groups, thus it could involve amino groups as well.
      The reacting agent is not maleate itself but a product of the reaction of maleate
      with acetoacetyl-CoA, catalysed by the transferase, i.e. maleyl-CoA.

PMID- 6575533
TI  - Acute myeloblastic leukemia occurring with an extranodal lymphoma: an unusual
      association.

PMID- 6575534
TI  - The significance of endocervical cells in the diagnosis of cervical epithelial
      changes.
AB  - A study was made of the relationship of endocervical columnar cells to the
      cytologic identification of abnormality in the cervix. From a population of women
      participating in a cervical cancer screening program, a group of women was
      selected whose smears theoretically should have contained endocervical columnar
      cells. Endocervical cells were present in 93.1% of the smears and absent in 6.9%.
      A significantly higher number of moderately and severely atypical epithelial
      changes was found in smears with endocervical cells as compared with smears
      without endocervical cells.

PMID- 6575535
TI  - Significance of the morphology of anucleated squames in the cytologic diagnosis
      of vulvar lesions. A new approach in diagnostic cytology.
AB  - Vulvar smears from 80 patients with various vulvar lesions were analyzed. In each
      case, 10 anucleated horny squames were identified and the perimeters measured by
      a graphic tablet (digitizing board) equipped with a camera lucida system. The
      internal computer of the system calculated areas and shape factors, with the
      latter characterizing the degree of cellular pleomorphism.

PMID- 6575537
TI  - Comparison of suspicious and positive colposcopic, cytologic and histologic
      findings in the uterine cervix.
AB  - One hundred thirty-five cases of suspicious or positive colposcopic or cytologic
      findings were histologically analyzed. In cases of colposcopically detectable
      atypical changes or suspicious findings as well as of cytologic dysplasias or
      carcinomas, the histologic diagnoses were almost the same. The results
      demonstrated that colposcopy and cytology with a quick staining method are of
      value. Biopsy can quickly follow in cases of suspicious findings.

PMID- 6575536
TI  - Hematoidin crystals in cervicovaginal smears. Review of 27 cases seen in one
      year.
AB  - The occurrence of hematoidin crystals in cervicovaginal smears has recently been
      described. A prospective search for hematoidin crystals in smears taken during a
      one-year period was carried out, with a subsequent retrospective chart review.
      This study revealed that the occurrence of hematoidin crystals was more common
      than previously thought and was often associated with pregnancy or pregnancylike
      states. The clinical correlations and possible etiologies of this finding are
      discussed.

PMID- 6575538
TI  - Diagnosis of Legionella micdadei pneumonia from cytologic specimens.
AB  - Legionella micdadei is a recently described opportunistic pulmonary pathogen that
      produces an acute, suppurative pneumonia in patients receiving steroid therapy.
      Most prospective diagnoses have been made by open lung biopsy. We present a case
      in which the diagnosis was made from cytologic material. The clinicopathologic
      features of L. micdadei pneumonia are discussed, and criteria for diagnosis from
      cytologic specimens are presented.

PMID- 6575539
TI  - Imprint cytology in the intraoperative diagnosis of malignant melanoma.
AB  - Imprints were prepared from 73 pigmented skin lesions, 19 of which were diagnosed
      as malignant melanoma. The cytologic findings in malignant melanoma, large
      clusters of cells with loss of cellular cohesiveness and large pleomorphic
      nuclei, were positive in 17 of the 19 cases. In other malignant and benign
      pigmented lesions the few cells adherent to the glass showed characteristic
      cytologic features of the particular lesion. Imprint cytology seems to be a
      valuable adjunct to the examination of frozen sections for the intraoperative
      diagnosis of malignant melanoma.

PMID- 6575540
TI  - Cytodiagnosis of Hodgkin's disease in sputum specimens.
AB  - In patients with histologically proven Hodgkin's disease, knowledge of the extent
      of involvement of lymph nodes and other organs has proven valuable in the
      determination of treatment and prognosis. One of the most common sites of
      involvement outside the hematopoietic system has been shown to be the lung
      parenchyma; in this study, six patients with a tissue-proven diagnosis of
      Hogdkin's disease and positive cytologic findings in the sputum were reviewed.
      Three cell types not found in normal sputum specimens were identified in these
      patients and were correlated with the histologic patterns of the tumors as seen
      in lung biopsies. Our results suggest the usefulness of sputum examination as an
      adjunctive or possibly a substitute diagnostic procedure in the evaluation of
      patients with Hodgkin's disease and possible lung involvement. They also suggest
      that in some cases the cytologic diagnosis can be quite specific in the
      identification of neoplastic cells as consistent with a diagnosis of Hodgkin's
      disease.

PMID- 6575541
TI  - Cytology of the cerebrospinal fluid in primary malignant lymphomas of the central
      nervous system.
AB  - Two cases of primary malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system are
      reported. Clinical and pathologic findings did not indicate systemic lymphomatous
      involvement of lymph nodes and bone marrow. The patients presented with different
      neurologic deficits. Cytologic examination of the cerebrospinal fluid was the
      first and most useful technique for establishing the diagnosis.

PMID- 6575543
TI  - Cytologic diagnosis of schistosomiasis in routine urinary specimens. A case
      report.
AB  - A voided urine specimen from a 29-year-old male living in New York was sent for
      cytologic study, which revealed five schistosome ova, two with terminal spines,
      and one free miracidium in a cytocentrifuge specimen. The patient, who had been
      in West Africa three years earlier, underwent cystoscopy, with the finding of
      bladder mucosal ulcerations. Subsequent cytologic specimens, bladder biopsy and
      wet-mount preparations established a diagnosis of Schistosoma haematobium
      infection, which was treated, apparently successfully, with Metrifonate. The case
      is presented to focus attention on the cytologic diagnosis of S. haematobium in
      routine urinary specimens since the opportunity to make such a diagnosis is
      increasing in the continental United States as more Americans visit areas of
      endemic infestation and more residents of those areas immigrate to this country.

PMID- 6575542
TI  - The squash-smear technique in the diagnosis of spinal cord neurinomas. Report of
      three cases.
AB  - The squash-smear technique was used instead of frozen sections for the rapid
      intraoperative diagnosis of three neurinomas of the thoracic spinal cord.
      Characteristic cytologic features that could be considered of diagnostic value
      were the absence of recognizable cytoplasmic outlines, the elongated, sometimes
      wavy appearance of the nuclei and the dense fibrillary background. Nuclear
      palisades with formation of Verocay bodies were present in one case; these were
      also identified in the paraffin-embedded permanent sections. Histologically, the
      tumors were predominantly Antoni type A neurinomas.

PMID- 6575544
TI  - Meningitis with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus in cerebrospinal fluid. A case
      report.
AB  - A case of meningitis due to Acinetobacter calcoaceticus occurred after
      neurosurgery. The cerebrospinal fluid cytology showed intracellular diplococci
      that strongly resembled Neisseria meningitidis. However, subsequent bacteriologic
      studies revealed a bacterium identical to A. calcoaceticus. It is of practical
      importance for cytology laboratories to recognize this diplococcal form of
      organism.

PMID- 6575545
TI  - Blastomycosis in a Papanicolaou Smear. Report of a case with possible venereal
      transmission.
AB  - An incidental case of cervical blastomycosis discovered by examination of a
      Papanicolaou smear is reported. Examinations revealed no other focus of
      blastomycosis in the patient. Since her husband was undergoing treatment for
      disseminated blastomycosis involving the lungs and prostate at the time the
      fungus was found, this case may represent venereally transmitted blastomycosis.

PMID- 6575546
TI  - An unusual cytologic presentation of mesothelioma in serous effusions.
AB  - Three cases of diffuse malignant mesothelioma in which samples of pleural fluid
      showed an unusual cytologic picture are presented. Instead of cells of an obvious
      mesothelial type forming organized clusters, the smears were dominated by foamy
      macrophage-like cells, with or without certain nuclear features suggesting
      malignancy. It is suggested that these cells were derived from neoplastic
      mesothelial cells by a process of differentiation.

PMID- 6575547
TI  - Giant-cell carcinoma of the lung. A cytologic study.
AB  - A case of giant-cell carcinoma of the lung, confirmed at autopsy, is presented.
      The cytologic features seen in sputum samples, bronchial washings and brushings
      and fine needle aspiration biopsy material as well as the histologic findings are
      described. The possible relationship to bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is
      discussed. The cytologic features of giant-cell carcinoma of the lung, when seen
      in the context of the clinical and radiologic setting, should allow the cytologic
      identification of the tumor prior to surgical intervention.

PMID- 6575549
TI  - Cytology of primary squamous carcinoma of the endometrium.

PMID- 6575548
TI  - Cytologic diagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma. Report of a case with multiple
      diagnostic parameters.
AB  - We present the first case report of an olfactory neuroblastoma
      (esthesioneuroblastoma) diagnosed by cytologic examination. The patient was a 40
      year-old male who had a 13-year history of "adenocarcinoma" of the nasal cavity
      until the correct diagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma was made cytologically
      from pleural fluid shortly before his death. The cells had the typical features
      of rosette formation, scanty elongated cytoplasm, clustering of cells and nuclear
      compression resulting in an "onion-skin" appearance. Surgical specimens, several
      biopsies and fine needle aspiration of a metastatic deposit in a lymph node all
      showed, retrospectively, features of esthesioneuroblastoma. Electron microscopy
      showed membrane-bound dense-core secretory granules. Autopsy findings revealed
      multiple metastases but no tumor at the original site; that tumor had been
      treated with high-dose radiation therapy as well as systemic chemotherapy.
      Olfactory neuroblastoma is a rare tumor, but it is important to recognize because
      it has a better prognosis than the more commonly encountered malignancies of the
      nose.

PMID- 6575550
TI  - Aspiration cytology of carcinoid tumor of the breast. A case report.
AB  - A primary carcinoid breast tumor was evaluated by fine needle aspiration cytology
      in an 87-year-old female. The subsequent operative material contained a tumor
      with the typical histopathologic features of carcinoid tumors in other sites;
      thorough evaluation of the patient did not reveal carcinoid lesions elsewhere in
      the body. The tumor contained argyrophil-positive cytoplasmic granules on light
      microscopy. The cytomorphology of this tumor contains features helpful in
      identifying it on aspiration cytology material. The differential diagnosis with
      fine needle aspiration cytology of other breast tumors is discussed.

PMID- 6575551
TI  - Fine needle aspiration cytology of an unusual presentation of leukemia. A case
      report.
AB  - A 17-year-old active sportsman presented three weeks after a football injury with
      pain in the right hip and back. Osteomyelitis was the initial clinical diagnosis.
      A full blood count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were normal. Fine needle
      aspiration of the anterior inferior iliac spine showed the presence of numerous
      blasts. This case represents an unusual presentation and method of diagnosis of
      acute leukemia.

PMID- 6575552
TI  - Parathyroid adenoma diagnosed as papillary carcinoma of thyroid on needle
      aspiration smears.
AB  - Needle aspiration of a neck mass was performed on a 55-year-old white female with
      hypercalcemia. The cytologic material showed cohesive clusters of monomorphic
      hyperchromatic cells resembling follicular cells. Papillary formation and
      follicle-like arrangements suggested papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. The
      histopathologic section of the excised mass, however, revealed a parathyroid
      adenoma. The diagnostic difficulties in differentiating parathyroid adenoma from
      well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma are discussed. Data published in the
      literature emphasize similar difficulties, and it is concluded that a final
      diagnosis can be established only on histopathologic sections.

PMID- 6575554
TI  - Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology of chondrosarcoma.
AB  - Fine needle aspirates of ten chondrosarcomas were evaluated, and the cytologic
      features of this tumor were described. Some malignant cells in the smears of
      chondrosarcoma resembled cells of an epithelial origin and could be
      misinterpreted as carcinoma cells. The morphologic features described for
      chondrosarcoma should be helpful in avoiding such a diagnostic error.

PMID- 6575553
TI  - Intranuclear cytoplasmic invaginations in a Hurthle-cell carcinoma of the
      thyroid.
AB  - According to the literature, the finding of intranuclear cytoplasmic
      invaginations in fine needle aspiration biopsies from thyroid tumors is
      indicative of a papillary thyroid carcinoma. A case is presented in which the
      aspiration specimen showed marked intranuclear cytoplasmic invaginations from a
      tumor that histologically was a Hurthle-cell (oncocytic) carcinoma with a
      trabecular pattern. The classification of thyroid carcinomas and the significance
      of intranuclear cytoplasmic invaginations as a criterion for thyroid malignancy
      are discussed.

PMID- 6575555
TI  - Application of in vitro autoradiography for monitoring drug response in cancer
      chemotherapy.
AB  - Primary cultures of human breast carcinoma cells were treated for 24 hours with
      different concentrations of anticancer drugs followed by labelling with 3H
      thymidine and 3H-uridine and subsequent autoradiographic processing to study the
      effect of drugs on nucleic acid synthesis in these cells. 3H-uridine
      autoradiography was more sensitive than 3H-thymidine autoradiography in the
      assessment of lethal effects. The results showed that individual neoplasms varied
      in drug response. This method may be useful for predicting the effectiveness of
      drugs for treatment of individual cases and also for screening new drugs for
      anticancer activity.

PMID- 6575556
TI  - Adhesives for retaining prefixed urothelial cells on slides after imprinting from
      cellulosic filters.
AB  - Cells of prefixed urine specimens collected on Millipore filters can be imprinted
      onto labelled microslides coated with adhesives. The proportion of cells
      transferred to the slides and recovered from the filters was investigated using
      three different adhesives. Egg albumen-glycerin and Apathy's syrup did not
      increase the transfer of cells as compared with experiments without adhesives;
      the proportion of transferred cells varied from less than 10% to more than 70%.
      Gelatin-chrome alum had, with minor variations, a pronounced adhesive effect: at
      least 94% of the cells was always recovered after the cells were transferred from
      filters to slides. Practical details, including advantages of the filter imprint
      method, are discussed.

PMID- 6575557
TI  - Brush cytology of gingival metastasis from pulmonary carcinoma.

PMID- 6575558
TI  - Psammoma bodies in pelvic washings.

PMID- 6575559
TI  - Cervical carcinoma in both mother and daughter.

PMID- 6575560
TI  - Clinical insignificance of a "dirty" background in cervicovaginal smears.

PMID- 6575561
TI  - Cell indices in amniotic fluid as indicators of gestational age: with comparison
      of two stains.

PMID- 6575562
TI  - Plasma lipoprotein alterations in thyroid dysfunction. Roles of lipoprotein
      lipase, hepatic lipase and LCAT.

PMID- 6575563
TI  - Cerebrovascular transport mechanisms. International Congress of Neuropathology,
      Vienna, September 5-10, 1982.

PMID- 6575564
TI  - Revised pathophysiology on BBB damage: the edema as an ingeniously provided
      condition for cell motility and lesion repair.
AB  - Probably, the most important evidence concerning the breakdown of the BBB is a
      large inflow of hematogenous fluid into the extravascular spaces. Thus all
      parenchymal cell elements represent freely floating cells in this fluid medium
      called the edema fluid. These essential morphological alterations, such as
      extremely expanded extracellular space and freely floating cells within the
      fluid, were also observed in the developing normal fetal brain. Many neuroblasts
      were vigorously migrating in the fetal brain, as were the macrophages and
      reactive astrocytes in the edema fluid. Obviously, hematogenous cells and
      reactive astrocytes in the edematous lesion take part in its repair. Many
      astrocytes, GFAP positive, in the 3 or 4 day-old lesions, revealed mitosis. And
      in vitro, when we immersed these astrocytes in the protein and glucose rich
      medium, they demonstrated a remarkably changed morphology and were moved into the
      M and G1 phases, thus gaining the ability of cell motility. This was also true in
      the edema fluid. Brain edema is definitely a serious "pathological" condition.
      But it is also conceivable from a different biological aspect that as a result of
      BBB "opening", free extracellular space essential for cell motility and a source
      of their energy is ingeniously provided for these cells, and thus the lesion can
      be effectively repaired. The biological significance of the edema fluid was
      emphasized and stereotaxic morphology and cinematography, supporting the above
      evidence, have also been presented.

PMID- 6575566
TI  - Neurogenic control of blood-brain barrier permeability.
AB  - Evidence from several laboratories strongly suggests that brain capillaries play
      a dynamic role in the regulation of the internal environment of the brain and,
      further, that these activities are under neuroendocrine control. First, brain
      capillaries exhibit a number of anatomical and biochemical features unique to
      membranes known to regulate water and electrolyte permeability. These include
      tight junctions between endothelial cells, a high mitochondrial content and a
      unique compliment of intracellular enzymes. Second, brain capillaries appear to
      be functionally innervated by adrenergic neurons originating in brain. Finally,
      brain capillaries exhibit several functional characteristics of membranes that
      dynamically regulate water and electrolyte permeabilities. These include a
      restricted permeability to water, a prompt and reversible increase in water
      permeability to transient hyperosmolarity, a prompt and reversible decrease in
      permeability to increase perfusion pressure, a change in permeability associated
      with activation of the central as well as peripheral sympathetic nervous system,
      and an increase in permeability to centrally administered vasopressin as well as
      angiotensin II.

PMID- 6575565
TI  - Therapeutic considerations in blood-brain barrier disturbances.
AB  - Current methods of treatment of brain damage, as e.g. edema by steroids and
      barbiturates, have components which benefit the blood-brain barrier. Protection
      of the blood-brain barrier may result from: (a) prevention of endothelial
      lesions, perhaps pinocytosis (b) reduction of secondary necrosis formation, (c)
      interference with release, or activation of mediator compounds causing
      endothelial lesions such as: biogenic amines, free fatty acids, prostaglandins,
      free radicals, or kinins, (d) stabilization of lysosomal membranes, and (e)
      prevention of microcirculatory disturbances. Other methods, or compounds aiming
      at mechanisms of barrier damage have a therapeutic potential as shown with regard
      to indomethacin, free radical scavengers, or phenothiazines. However, further
      studies appear necessary to demonstrate the benefit of these compounds under
      clinical circumstances. Reversible opening of the blood-brain barrier may be
      considered as a therapeutic approach to provide access of drugs to brain tissue
      which are normally excluded by the barrier.

PMID- 6575567
TI  - Disturbances of the blood-brain barrier in cerebrovascular disorders.
AB  - The disturbances of the BBB in cerebrovascular disorders may affect adversely an
      underlying basic pathological condition. Breakdown of the barrier associated with
      extravasation of serum proteins leads to development of vasogenic edema in the
      brain tissue. An abnormal passage of pharmacologically active substances, such as
      biogenic amines, may significantly affect cerebral blood flow and metabolism and
      activate neurons equipped with receptors for these substances. Also, a barrier
      dysfunction related to faulty out-transport of metabolites may contribute to
      edema and tissue damage. In cerebral ischemia, following release of arterial
      occlusion there can be two separate openings of the barrier: the first -
      occurring promptly after recirculation and related to ensuing reactive hyperemia,
      the second - after some delay and related to pathological changes in the brain
      tissue. In some circumstances, such as epileptic seizures, both "hemodynamic" and
      "tissue" factors may be operative at the same time. The selective features of BBB
      changes are related to multiplicity of barrier systems residing in cerebral
      endothelium. These selective features are demonstrable during development and
      during reversibility of postichemic barrier disturbances. Intermittent openings
      of the barrier observed in chronic hypertension may lead to accumulation of
      extravasated serum proteins and be responsible for frequently observed edematous
      changes in this condition.

PMID- 6575568
TI  - Pathophysiological aspects of blood-brain barrier disturbances in experimental
      brain tumors and brain abscesses.
AB  - Experimental tumors and abscesses were produced by intrahemispheric inoculation
      of a blastomatous glial cell clone and of staphylococcus aureus, respectively. In
      both models severe vasogenic brain edema developed. The site of the barrier
      lesion was identified by systemic application of Evans blue or peroxidase, and
      the spread of edema by immunoautoradiographic localisation of extravasated serum
      proteins. In both experimental conditions, serum proteins accumulated diffusely
      in the white matter of the ipsilateral hemisphere, although the barrier lesion
      was strictly confined to the pathological focus. Water content of the edematous
      white matter in the vicinity of tumors and abscesses increased from 69.1 to 80.6
      and 82.3 ml/100g w.w., respectively. This increase was associated with a volume
      dependent decrease of flow, a parallel increase of sodium and an increase of
      extravasated serum proteins. The latter was determined by a newly developed
      immunochemical approach with appropriate corrections for the intravascular
      fraction of total serum protein content. The calculated concentration of sodium
      in edema fluid of tumors and abscesses amounted to 132 and 129 ueq/ml,
      respectively. The concentration of serum proteins was 8.7 and 6.4 mg/ml,
      respectively. Protein content of edema fluid, in consequence was less than 10% of
      blood serum. This suggests that fluid accumulation in vasogenic edema cannot be
      explained by the oncotic properties of extravasated proteins alone.

PMID- 6575569
TI  - Dental filling therapy as a possible etiological factor regarding mandibular
      dysfunction. A comparative anamnestic and clinical study.
AB  - A group of 29 individuals, 17-23 years old, with intact teeth, has been compared
      with a control group with respect to occurrence of mandibular dysfunction. A
      statistically significant difference between the groups, with a lower frequency
      and degree of dysfunction among the intact individuals was established. The
      results suggest that filling therapy per se may be a possible etiological factor
      in the mandibular dysfunction. Disorders in the masticatory neuromuscular system
      may arise from an abnormal tactile response to contacts on fillings, including an
      abnormal pattern of mandibular movement, possibly exceeding the tolerance level
      of the system.

PMID- 6575570
TI  - Factors affecting the color stability of restorative resins.
AB  - The color change resulting from storage in water was measured on a number of
      experimental and proprietary complex resins. The experimental resins contained
      varying amounts of amine (DEPT or DEBA), benzoyl-peroxide (BPO) and inhibitor
      (MHQ). The proprietary resins had earlier been analyzed as regards the
      composition of the monomer and the content of amine and peroxide. The color
      change of DEPT-containing resins was positively correlated with the DEPT/BPO
      ratio, and negatively correlated with the monomer content of BISGMA. DEBA
      containing resins were more color stable than resins containing equimolar
      concentrations of DEPT. The color change was independent of MHQ up to a certain
      concentration; above this the color change increased with the amount of MHQ. In
      general, the light activated materials were more color stable than the chemically
      activated materials. The color change was not affected by pH, but decreased when
      the oxygen had been removed from the storage water. The test for color stability
      using UV-light irradiation gave results for proprietary resins that were not
      correlated with the results obtained by water storage.

PMID- 6575571
TI  - Long-term evaluation of autotransplanted maxillary canines with completed root
      formation.
AB  - Autotransplantation of 33 maxillary canines was followed up in 29 patients with
      an average age of 27.5 years. The mean follow-up period was 6.0 years. Endodontic
      treatment was performed in 23 teeth. Signs of root resorption were found in an
      increasing number of canines during the follow-up period. At the last examination
      eight canines showed no signs of resorption. External and internal resorption of
      inflammatory type were the most frequent forms of resorption and were also found
      to be the most hazardous factors for the prognosis of the transplanted tooth.
      Extraction of the transplant was necessary in four cases because of root
      resorption or poor bone regeneration.

PMID- 6575572
TI  - A combined clinical, mycological and histological study of denture stomatitis.
AB  - The clinical and histological appearance of the different types of denture
      stomatitis are in many respects very similar and confluent. In order to study the
      correlation between clinical and histological appearance and amount of yeasts, 48
      patients with denture stomatitis and 24 with a healthy palatal mucosa were
      examined. The terms atrophic and hyperplastic denture stomatitis were introduced.
      The intensity of the palatal erythema and the growth of yeasts were most
      prominent among patients with hyperplastic lesions. Dryness and soreness of the
      mouth, angular cheilitis, spontaneous hemorrhage, glossitis and leukoplakias were
      found to a varying extent. No statistical evidence of correlation between the
      intensity of clinical erythema, amount of yeasts and grade of subepithelial
      inflammation could be found. The disease has most certainly a background other
      than solely increased growth of yeasts.

PMID- 6575573
TI  - Observations of dental disease and anomalies in 9- to 11-year-old Norwegian
      children.
AB  - Sets of intraoral radiographs consisting of ten periapicals and, in most cases,
      two posterior bitewings, from 99 girls and 101 boys aged 9-11 years were examined
      by four dentists. The study was undertaken to quantitate the disease and
      anomalies present in the sample and investigate the inter-examiner variability of
      the diagnosis. Each of the examiners independently recorded the disease and
      anomalies from the radiographs. Knowledge of previous dental treatment and
      abnormalities noted by the community dental officers were obtained from the
      children's dental records. The prevalence of disease and anomalies in the sample
      was low. Considerable examiner variability revealed a need for more objective
      criteria for the radiographic diagnosis of some of the dental anomalies. Girls
      had a significantly higher DMFT than boys. Hypodontia was found in 13 children,
      and dens invaginatus class III/IV (9) was observed on radiographs from 5
      children.

PMID- 6575574
TI  - The snuff-induced lesion. A clinical and morphological study of a Swedish
      material.
AB  - Snuff-induced oral lesions were studied clinically, histologically and by
      electron microscopy. The material was collected from 21 male snuff users. The
      lesions had a characteristic whitish appearance with a wrinkled swollen texture
      and the most common localization was in the vestibular area of the upper jaw. In
      two cases gingival retraction was observed. The light-microscopical examination
      showed a mild epithelial dysplasia in five cases. No carcinoma in situ or
      invasive carcinoma was recognized. In some of the cases ultrastructural changes
      in the basement lamina region, such as defects of the basement lamina and the
      occurrence of basal cell processes in the connective tissue, were observed.
      Odland bodies were seen in the epithelium. In the connective tissue filamentous
      material of unknown nature was found. The ultrastructure of the filamentous
      material suggested that it might be amyloid. In summary, snuff-induced lesions
      should be diagnosed, patients should be informed and made to quit the habit, and
      remaining lesions should be followed up regularly.

PMID- 6575576
TI  - Use of oral oxytocics for stimulation of labor in cases of premature rupture of
      the membranes at term. A randomized comparative study of prostaglandin E2 tablets
      and demoxytocin resoriblets.
AB  - The efficacy of oral PGE2 tablets and buccal demoxytocin (resoriblets) for the
      induction of labor in cases of premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) after
      the 37th week of gestation has been evaluated in a prospective, randomized
      investigation of 193 women. PGE2 tablets (Prostin) were given to 109 parturients
      and demoxytocin resoriblets (Sandopart) to 84. The former were given in
      increasing doses from an initial 0.5 mg to a maximum of 1.5 mg every hour. The
      demoxytocin was administered at a constant dosage of 50 I.U. every 30 min. The
      treatment was unsuccessful in 10 of the women treated with PGE2 tablets and in 19
      women receiving demoxytocin resoriblets. In addition, the treatment had to be
      discontinued in 5 women in the PGE2 group due to gastrointestinal side effects.
      This gives a total success rate of 86.3% for treatment with PGE2 against 77.4% in
      respect of demoxytocin. This difference is not significant. No difference was
      observed between the two treatment groups as regards: the stimulation-delivery
      interval, duration of the various stages of labor, efficacy in primiparae and
      multiparae, efficacy in patients with a high/low Bishop score. A significantly
      higher frequency of gastro-intestinal side effects was seen in those treated with
      PGE2 (21.7%) as compared with demoxytocin (3.6%). The frequency of surgical
      intervention was 17% in the PGE2 group and 10% in the demoxytocin group. In 4
      cases where the stimulation was successful, cesarean section was carried out for
      reasons unrelated to the drug therapy. Despite the fact that demoxytocin
      treatment results in fewer side effects than PGE2, the efficacy of the drug is
      not superior. Based on experience from previous investigations carried out in
      this department, where intravenous oxytocin was found to be clearly better than
      oral PGE2 for the induction of labor in cases of PROM, intravenous oxytocin will
      remain the method of choice due to the shorter period of treatment, which must
      take priority.

PMID- 6575575
TI  - Oral oxytocics for induction of labor. A randomized study of prostaglandin E2
      tablets and demoxytocin resoriblets.
AB  - A randomized comparative study of 387 consecutive patients admitted for induction
      of labor was carried out using two orally administered oxytocics (prostaglandin
      E2 tablets (Prostin) or Demoxytocin resoriblets for buccal administration
      (Sandopart)), the results of which are reported here. One-hundred and twenty
      three cases were suitable for primary amniotomy; of these 48 were given PGE2
      tablets and 75 received demoxytocin resoriblets. In a further 264 cases, primary
      amniotomy was inadvisable and of these, 133 patients were allotted to the PGE2
      treatment group and 131 to treatment with demoxytocin. A significantly higher
      success rate was observed (p less than 0.05) in the PGE2 group in cases where
      primary amniotomy had been carried out, as compared with the demoxytocin group.
      Parturition was successfully induced in 82.0% of the patients given PGE2 tablets,
      as against only 63.4% of those receiving demoxytocin following 2 days of
      stimulation without primary amniotomy. This difference is statistically
      significant at the 0.001 level, and presumably due to the highly significant
      difference (p less than 0.0001) between patients with a Bishop score of 5 or
      less, where induction was successful in 75.4% given PGE2 tablets, in contrast to
      a success rate of only 36.7% in patients receiving demoxytocin resoriblets. No
      difference was observed in the success rate between the two treatment groups when
      the Bishop score was 6 or more. No difference was recorded in the incidence of
      fetal distress, instrumental delivery or low Apgar score between the two
      treatment groups. However, a higher incidence of vomiting and diarrhea were
      observed in patients treated with PGE2 tablets (11%) as compared with those
      receiving demoxytocin (1.5%). There was no difference with regard to the
      induction-delivery time, nor to the different stages of labor between otherwise
      comparable treatment groups when the induction was successful. It is concluded in
      respect of induction of labor using orally administered oxytocics that PGE2
      (tablets) are preferable to demoxytocin (resoriblets) as it is the more effective
      of the two.

PMID- 6575577
TI  - The dislocating patella. Etiology and prognosis in relation to generalized joint
      laxity and anatomy of the patellar articulation.
AB  - The material of this investigation consisted of 104 patients (37 males and 67
      females), treated for dislocation of the patella at the Department of Orthopedics
      in Lund during 1975-1977. The patients were examined clinically and
      radiographically in order to identify the etiologic importance of trauma,
      generalized joint laxity, and an anatomically abnormal patellar articulation. All
      patients were examined for generalized laxity, other orthopedic conditions,
      relatives with patellar dislocation or congenital dislocation of the hip,
      dislocation frequency, bilateral patellar dislocation, age and the nature of the
      trauma at initial dislocation, incidence and type of articular fractures
      associated with patellar dislocation, and three radiographic parametres of
      anatomically abnormal patellar articulations. Generalized joint laxity was
      observed in two thirds of the patients, frequent dislocations in one half and
      bilateral dislocations in one third. In half of the patients the initiating
      trauma was insignificant, and one third had avulsion or osteochondral fractures.
      The majority had definite anatomic abnormalities but patella alta was observed in
      only one fourth of the patients. The material was subjected to an analysis of the
      covariation of etiologic factors operating in patellar dislocation. On this basis
      the material was classified in four grades of increasing patellar instability,
      from Grade I with neither laxity, nor increased Insall index, to Grade IV with
      both these factors. With increasing patellar instability the frequency of
      recurrent and bilateral dislocations increased whereas the degree of trauma and
      incidence of fractures decreased. The type and degree of anatomic abnormalities
      were correlated to the different grades of patellar instability. The
      classification of patellar instability proposed here should permit more precise
      evaluation of treatment of patellar instability, and, eventually, provide a basis
      for the choice of therapy in patellar dislocation.

PMID- 6575578
TI  - CNS involvement in leukaemia. An autopsy study of 100 consecutive patients.
AB  - The central nervous system has been examined in a consecutive autopsy material of
      100 adult patients with acute (N = 67) or chronic (N = 33) leukaemia. In all
      patients the disease was active at the time of death, infiltrating several
      organs, and in 45% of the cases CNS was involved. 81% of the patients with ALL
      had leukaemic infiltrates in CNS, and in the total AML group they were seen in
      46% (P less than 0.05). A comparison between the subtypes of the AML group
      revealed CNS involvement in 39% of M1 + M2 and in 69% of M4 + M5 (P less than
      0.05). Only in a single case of CML was the central nervous system affected,
      whereas 8 of 16 patients with CLL has CNS involvement. Furthermore, other
      pathological findings such as haemorrhages and infarcts were registered at the
      time of death in 33% of all patients. Terminal neurological symptoms could be
      ascribed either to leukaemia, other CNS pathology or a combination of both. The
      rate of CNS involvement is higher than reported in similar studies, and it is
      supposed that this may partly be ascribed to the inclusion of the spinal cord in
      this investigation.

PMID- 6575579
TI  - Environmental exposure to neurotoxic agents and psychiatric disease--a new
      problem?

PMID- 6575580
TI  - Specificity of psychiatric manifestations in relation to neurotoxic chemicals.
AB  - Previous impressions of specificity of psychiatric manifestations in relation to
      particular chemical intoxications have been confirmed by comparisons of the
      symptoms and signs of two groups of individuals. Nine persons exposed to
      inorganic mercury had "erethism" and xenophobia in addition to non-specific
      features of central nervous system poisoning. Twelve men with heavy exposure to
      organotins, in contrast to ten men with light or no exposure, more frequently
      presented an unique alternation between outbursts of range and deep depression,
      the later lasting from a few hours to a few days. The more heavily exposed men
      also had a greater number of nonspecific symptoms from neurotoxins.

PMID- 6575581
TI  - Lead at low dose and the behavior of children.
AB  - Over 3,000 children attending first and second grade in public school were
      classified as to past lead exposure according to the concentrations of lead in
      their teeth. Those in the highest and lowest deciles for lead were evaluated by a
      broad panel of neuropsychologic outcome measures. Controlled either by matching
      or analysis of covariance were 39 other variables which could effect outcome.
      High lead children were significantly impaired on IQ auditory processing and
      reaction time under varying intervals of delay. Teacher's rating scales showed a
      dose-related increase in non-adaptive classroom behavior with no evidence of a
      threshold. EEG scores and observations of children in class demonstrated
      differences in high and low lead subjects.

PMID- 6575582
TI  - The role of occupational lead exposure in the genesis of psychiatric and
      behavioral disturbances.
AB  - In a prospective study of lead neurotoxicity, exposed foundry workers and
      referents were evaluated using a comprehensive set of neurobehavioral tests.
      Other performance indexes were used including a questionnaire, physical
      examination, and nerve conduction testing. Results show increased rates of
      depression, confusion, anger, fatigue and tension among workers with blood levels
      over 40 mcg/dl. Other aspects of neurobehavioral function, including verbal
      concept formation, memory, and visual/motor performance were also impaired. In
      view of the large number of individuals exposed to lead in their work, specific
      inquiries should be made of individuals with affectual complaints to clarify the
      nature of their work and workplace exposure to lead.

PMID- 6575583
TI  - Psychiatric illness due to manganese poisoning.
AB  - Rats were exposed to manganese (1 mg/ml through drinking water) daily to study
      behavioral and neurochemical changes 14 and 30 days after the treatment.
      Manganese produced hyperactivation after 14 and 30 days with greater magnitude of
      alteration at the latter period. Reduction in the percentage of conditional
      avoidance response and increase in fighting score were also observed after 30
      days. These behavioral changes were associated with increased levels of striatal
      dopamine and norepinephrine in rats exposed to manganese. Thus, it was indicated
      that increased turnover of striatal catecholamines was responsible for producing
      behavioral changes in early manganese intoxication.

PMID- 6575584
TI  - Neuropsychiatric symptoms in workers occupationally exposed to jet fuel--a
      combined epidemiological and casuistic study.
AB  - Some aircraft personel and airline industry workers are exposed to jet fuel, a
      mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons (petroleum 80%) and some organic solvents
      (petroleum 80%) and some organic solvents (aromatic hydrocarbons 20%). In order
      to evaluate the possible neuropsychiatric sequeale of such long-term occupational
      exposure, we examined 30 workers exposed at about 250 mg/m3 for 4-32 years at a
      jet motor factory. They were compared with two control groups (2 x 30) of matched
      non-exposed workers. The medical history was first assessed by standardized
      interviews and examination of medical records kept by the factory physician. The
      exposed subjects had, after their employment, much more often sought medical
      advice because of emotional dysfunctions, such as depression and anxiety, than
      had the control groups (P less than 0.005). When the prevalent mental symptoms,
      indicative of brain lesion, later were rated by psychiatrists, the exposed
      workers scored higher than did the controls (P less than 0.001). 14 subjects
      showing most symptoms were then selected for a thorough neuropsychiatric clinical
      investigation comprising psychosocial inquiries, psychological testing,
      personality assessment and neurological/neurophysiological examination. Seven
      were judged to suffer from mild organic brain syndrome (i.e. "organic
      neurasthenia") of which one subject was a severe case. The subjects had all
      undergone a slow but steady personality change over the years--starting from an
      ordinary strength without neurotic traits and moving towards an asthenic state
      with fatigue, anxiety and vegetative hyperreactivity. No other cause for this
      change could be identified as an alternative to the occupational exposure to jet
      fuel. It is concluded that personality changes and emotional dysfunctions are the
      foremost effects of such long-term exposure to petroleum products.

PMID- 6575585
TI  - Toxic exposures and psychiatric disease--lessons from the epidemiology of cancer.
AB  - Toxic chemicals such as lead, methyl mercury, organic solvents, manganese,
      kepone, and the organophosphates are recognized to cause psychiatric disease.
      Whether such associations are exceptional, or if in fact a high proportion of all
      psychiatric illnesses are of toxic environmental etiology, and therefore
      potentially avoidable, is not known. Epidemiologic studies of cancer,
      particularly analyses of geographic variations in mortality, of variations in
      incidence in migrant populations, of trends over time, and of induction by
      environmental agents suggest that extragenetic environmental factors (tobacco,
      alcohol, drugs, diet, radiation, air pollution, and industrial chemicals) may
      account for the majority of all human cancers. Similar application of
      epidemiologic techniques to the study of psychiatric illnesses might yield
      etiologic clues in relation to toxic environmental exposures and may also suggest
      approaches to disease prevention.

PMID- 6575586
TI  - Psychiatric and neurological symptoms in workers occupationally exposed to
      organic solvents--results of a differential epidemiological study.
AB  - It is accepted knowledge today that repeated intoxication with organic solvents
      damages the central nervous system and causes persistent psycho-organic symptoms.
      That long-term but low-level occupational exposure--typical o painters and other
      blue-collar workers--can also induce such disorders has not generally been
      recognized. The present epidemiological study was undertaken to evaluate the
      possible neuropsychiatric effects of such exposure. 80 laquerers exposed to a
      mixture of industrial solvents (average hygienic effect 0.3) and 37 printers
      exposed almost only to toluene (average hygienic effect 1.0) were compared with a
      control group of 80 age-matched non-exposed subjects. In psychiatric interviews,
      the painters showed more mental symptoms. Fatigue, nervousness and lack of manual
      dexterity were most important and formed a typical neurasthenic syndrome. A
      general decrease in conduction velocity and action potential amplitude was also
      observed for the peripheral nerves. The printers showed a large decrease of the
      nerve action potential amplitude only for the sural nerve. No EEG abnormalities
      were found. Nor could any increase in mental symptoms be detected through
      psychiatric interviews compared to the controls. The results are interpreted as
      evidence for a CNS affection with consequent neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms
      after long-term occupational exposure to mixtures of industrial solvents below
      the current threshold limit values (TLV) but not after exposure to a single
      substance like toluene at about the TLV. The differential effects may be
      explained by synergistic amplification of the toxicity of solvent mixtures.

PMID- 6575587
TI  - Psychological function changes among maintenance house painters exposed to low
      levels of organic solvent mixtures.
AB  - The adverse psychological effects of long-term exposure to organic solvent
      mixtures were studied among 219 maintenance house painters. Their mean age was 42
      years and the duration of exposure 22 years. 229 reinforcement workers of the
      same mean age served as a nonexposed reference group. The groups were also
      matched according to pre-exposure intellectual level. The painters average
      exposure to white spirit was estimated to be 40 ppm. The maintenance house
      painters were characterized by defects in short-term visual memory and prolonged
      simple reaction times. Some slight relationships were found between low test
      performances and various individual indices of long-term exposure to solvents.
      The results implied that adverse psychological effects existed even though the
      exposure level was much lower than the hygienic standard applied for white spirit
      in many countries.

PMID- 6575588
TI  - Histamine symptoms and histamine metabolism in chronic granulocytic leukaemia.
AB  - Histamine metabolism was investigated in three patients with chronic granulocytic
      leukaemia (CGL) during symptoms suspected to be caused by histamine release.
      Plasma histamine levels were excessively high compared with periods when the
      patients were symptomless or with CGL patients without such symptoms. The
      patients seemed to be adapted to high plasma histamine levels as the symptoms
      were not typically systemic in nature, but rather localized phenomena like oedema
      and pruritus in the extremities. Also CGL patients without symptoms showed
      abnormally high plasma histamine concentrations, which were significantly related
      to the whole blood histamine concentration. The possibility must be considered
      that part of the plasma histamine increase is artificial due to rupture of the
      basophils during the blood collection procedure.

PMID- 6575589
TI  - Pharmacology of asthma. Workshop at the Cardiothoracic Institute, London, March
      16-17, 1982.

PMID- 6575590
TI  - Prospects for inhaled xanthines in asthma.

PMID- 6575591
TI  - Adenosine antagonism as an alternative mechanism of action of methylxanthines in
      asthma.

PMID- 6575592
TI  - The effect of xanthines on the diaphragm.

PMID- 6575593
TI  - In vitro effects of nifedipine on airways smooth muscle.

PMID- 6575594
TI  - Phospholipids, particularly platelet-activating factor (PAF-acether), in
      experimental bronchoconstriction.
AB  - Anaphylactic shock and chemical stimulation of isolated lungs are followed by the
      release of pharmacologically active lipids, such as the eicosanoids. The
      metabolic modifications that lungs undergo during stimulation, and the effects of
      the various chemical agents, indicate that other mediators should be released as
      well. The effects of one of these potential mediators, "platelet-activating
      factor", are reviewed, particularly with respect to the inhibition of its
      bronchopulmonary and platelet effects.

PMID- 6575595
TI  - PAF-acether: a putative mediator of asthma and inflammation.

PMID- 6575596
TI  - Implications of NSAID effects during allergen-induced bronchospasm.

PMID- 6575597
TI  - Longterm assessment of Tiaramide in asthma.

PMID- 6575598
TI  - Airway reactivity: a brief perspective.

PMID- 6575599
TI  - Comparative effects of adrenaline as a hormone on airway conductance, plasma
      glucose, pulse rate and blood pressure in normal subjects.

PMID- 6575600
TI  - Studies on the mechanisms of exercise-induced asthma.

PMID- 6575601
TI  - An animal model for the study of the relation between non-specific bronchial
      reactivity and immunological hypersensitivity.

PMID- 6575602
TI  - Mechanics of airways obstruction induced by hyperventilation with cold air in
      asthmatics.

PMID- 6575603
TI  - Asthma and suggestion: psychological or physical?
AB  - The effect of suggestion on the airway response to ten inhalations of normal
      saline followed by doubling concentrations of isoprenaline was assessed in 12
      normal and 30 asthmatic subjects. It was suggested that the first 5 saline
      solutions contained a bronchoconstrictor and the second 5 a bronchodilator, or
      vice-versa, and that the first four isoprenaline solutions were inert whilst the
      last was a bronchodilator. Nine asthmatic but no normal subjects
      bronchoconstricted after saline inhalation with a mean 40% fall in specific
      airway conductance (sGaw). This was dose-dependent and abolished when inhalations
      were carried out at 37 degrees C 100% relative humidity. Suggestion did not
      affect the airway response to saline or isoprenaline in either group. We conclude
      that bronchoconstriction following saline inhalation, previously attributed to
      the effect of suggestion, is caused by airway cooling.

PMID- 6575604
TI  - [Maxillofacial surgical treatment of basaliomas in the basocellular nevus
      syndrome].

PMID- 6575605
TI  - [Anatomo-clinical study of epulis].

PMID- 6575606
TI  - [A case of sarcoidosis in the area of the submandibular and sublingual glands].

PMID- 6575607
TI  - [The third molar].

PMID- 6575608
TI  - [Evaluation of the use of the fibroscope in endotracheal intubation: indications
      and technic].

PMID- 6575609
TI  - Endodontic management of mid-root fractures.

PMID- 6575610
TI  - Prosthetic treatment for children with syndromes of congenitally missing teeth.

PMID- 6575611
TI  - Demonstration of prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha in atrial tissue of patients with
      heart disease.

PMID- 6575612
TI  - Prostaglandins and the kidney.

PMID- 6575613
TI  - Salt and hypertension.

PMID- 6575614
TI  - A soft-tissue cephalometric analysis and its use in orthodontic treatment
      planning. Part I.
AB  - This article presents a soft-tissue analysis which demonstrates the inadequacy of
      using a hard-tissue analysis alone for treatment planning. The material and
      methods used to develop this technique came from years of observation and
      description of patients from the private practice of the author. The findings
      indicate that, in general, for adolescents the normal or usual thickness of the
      soft tissue at point A is 14 to 16 mm. As point A is altered by tooth movement,
      headgear, etc., the soft tissue will follow this point and remain the same
      thickness. When there is taper in the maxillary lip immediately anterior to the
      incisor, as in protrusive dentures, the tissue will thicken as the incisors are
      moved lingually until the tissue approaches the thickness at point A (within 1
      mm. of the thickness at point A). When the lip taper has been eliminated, further
      lingual movement of the incisor will now cause the lip to follow the incisors in
      a one-to-one ratio. These concepts are predictable in adolescents when the lip
      thickness at point A is within the normal range. Some exceptions are as follows:
      Even if there is lip taper, if the tissue thickness at point A is very thin (for
      example, 9 to 10 mm.), the lip may follow the incisor immediately and still
      retain the taper. If the tissue at point A is very thick (for example, 18 to 20
      mm.), the lip may not follow incisor movement at all. Adult tissue reaction is
      similar to the first exception. Even though there may be lip taper, the lips will
      usually follow the teeth immediately. Cases are presented to demonstrate these
      concepts and to illustrate a normal or acceptable range of variation for facial
      harmony related to variations in skeletal convexity.

PMID- 6575615
TI  - The short-term and long-term soft-tissue profile changes accompanying mandibular
      advancement surgery.
AB  - To provide an improved data base for predicting the soft-tissue changes that
      accompany mandibular advancement surgery, short- and long-term serial
      cephalograms from the records of eighteen patients were analyzed. Hard- and soft
      tissue landmarks were located on serial tracings and later were reduced to
      rectangular X-Y coordinates for computer-generated measurement data and
      statistical analyses. The interpretation of mean value, ratio, and regression
      equation data showed that the lower lip, inferior labial sulcus, and chin tissues
      moved forward and downward. The mandibular short-term (mean = 3.7 months
      postsurgery) horizontal change means were greater than the long-term (mean = 18
      months postsurgery) horizontal change means. The posteriorly directed long-term
      means may result from functional adaptations that follow the short-term surgery
      related spatial changes. These data also show the need for long-term prediction
      data to supplement the short-term data base.

PMID- 6575616
TI  - An evaluation of soft-tissue changes resulting from Le Fort I maxillary surgery.
AB  - The soft-tissue profile response to maxillary surgery (impaction and advancement)
      at the Le Fort I level was evaluated. Data were derived from quality-controlled
      preoperative and postoperative cephalograms of nongrowing patients with their
      lips in repose. A standardized tracing technique was used, and this was followed
      by landmark identification and digitization. Computer measurement of the linear
      distance of each cephalometric point from horizontal and vertical reference lines
      was then obtained. Soft-tissue change to hard-tissue change ratios, as well as
      single and multiple regression equations, were calculated from a patient pool
      representing fourteen impactions and seven advancements. The results demonstrated
      many statistically significant correlations. The soft-tissue response to
      maxillary surgery appeared to be predictable, and the anticipated changes
      following both impaction and advancement surgical procedures were summarized.
      Prediction schemes for soft-tissue change evaluation were presented and tested,
      with a mean error value of approximately 22 percent. In addition, the results of
      this study led to the following abbreviated conclusions: For the impaction group,
      (1) the upper lip closely followed the movement of the maxillary central incisor
      in the horizontal plane, (2) the mandibular soft tissue followed the skeletal
      mandibular autorotation on an approximately 1:1 basis, (3) the lower border of
      the upper lip moved superiorly approximately 40 percent of the vertical maxillary
      change, and (4) there was a superior vertical change in all of the maxillary soft
      tissue points. For the advancement group, (1) a progressive increase in the
      horizontal soft-tissue movement from the tip of the nose to the free end of the
      upper lip was observed and (2) vertical change in the soft-tissue and horizontal
      movement of the mandibular soft tissue was unpredictable.

PMID- 6575618
TI  - American Board of Orthodontics case report.
AB  - This case report met a specific requirement of the American Board of Orthodontics
      for a patient exhibiting a high mandibular plane angle and treated to ABO
      standards. The patient had previously undergone complete nonextraction
      orthodontic treatment. Subsequent treatment involved extraction of the maxillary
      first premolars and the mandibular second premolars.

PMID- 6575617
TI  - A functional approach to treatment of skeletal open bite.
AB  - In general orthopedics the relationship between postural behavior and skeletal
      deformities has long been recognized. The primary therapeutic problem in
      functional orthopedics is to overcome functional disorders. In this article the
      applicability of this functional concept to orofacial orthopedics is discussed on
      the basis of a longitudinal study of skeletal open bite. A comparison of a series
      of lateral cephalograms of thirty patients with skeletal open bite who were
      treated with functional regulators developed by Frankel and those of eleven
      untreated open bite cases suggests that some dentofacial deformities in the
      skeletal open bite cases can be corrected to the average norms. In addition, as a
      result of overcoming the poor postural pattern of the orofacial musculature and
      re-establishment of a competent lip seal, a considerable change in the soft
      tissue profile occurred.

PMID- 6575619
TI  - Beyond roentgenographic cephalometry--what?

PMID- 6575620
TI  - Mandibular advancement and mandibular growth.

PMID- 6575621
TI  - Propositions and hypotheses.

PMID- 6575622
TI  - Bulimia associated with dysphoria rather than with affective disorder.

PMID- 6575623
TI  - Electrical disconnexion.

PMID- 6575624
TI  - Breathing system disconnexions and misconnexions. A review of some common causes
      and some suggestions for improved safety.
AB  - Reports of breathing system disconnexions and misconnexions suggest that such
      occurrences are now amongst the most frequent causes of accident or near accident
      during anaesthesia or lung ventilation in which equipment is involved. These
      reports usually blame the breathing system connectors for failing to make a
      secure joint but much of the evidence suggests that the choice of an unsuitable
      or unsatisfactory component or the manner in which it is used may be more likely
      to be at fault. Several previous articles in Health Equipment Information have
      drawn attention to these problems. The purpose of this one is to review the
      various types of connector that are available, to explain how some accidents have
      occurred, and to mention some developments intended to provide better security.

PMID- 6575625
TI  - An Ecteola-cellulose chromatography assay for 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'
      phosphosulfate: phenol sulfotransferase.
AB  - A new assay procedure for phenol sulfotransferase which employs [35S]-3'
      phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate as a sulfate donor and a variety of phenols as
      sulfate acceptors was developed. The appearance of the 35S-sulfated products or
      the disappearance of the [35S]-3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate are
      determined simultaneously by chromatography of the assay incubation mixtures on
      Ecteola-cellulose columns, eluting with an NH4HCO3 step gradient. Various acidic,
      neutral, and basic phenols can be employed as substrates for phenol
      sulfotransferase using this procedure.

PMID- 6575626
TI  - Use of prostaglandin F2 alpha in the treatment of unobserved estrus in lactating
      dairy cattle.
AB  - A field trial was conducted to evaluate the use of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2
      alpha) (lutalyse)a in lactating dairy cattle with unobserved estrus in the
      presence of a functional corpus luteum (CL) and clinically normal reproductive
      tract. Seventy-three Holstein and 9 Jersey cows, weighing between 340.0 and 772.7
      kg, were allotted to treatment and control groups. All treated cows were
      inseminated within 80 hours after treatment as assigned by this trial. Control
      cows were inseminated at the first observed estrus. Of the treated cows, 50%
      showed estrus within 80 hours after treatment. In this trial, 96% of the treated
      cows and 92% of the control cows were determined to have at least 1 functional CL
      on the day of treatment. For the treatment group and the control group, mean
      serum progesterone concentrations were 4.1 ng and 3.5 ng (P less than 0.2, by
      Student's t test), respectively, on day of treatment and were 0.4 ng and 5.0 ng
      (P less than 0.005, by Student' t test) on day 5 after treatment. Pregnancy rates
      were 57% for treated and 47% for control cows (P = 0.5, by X2). Days from
      treatment to first-observed estrus, treatment to first service, and treatment to
      conception were significantly reduced in the treatment group compared with these
      criteria for the control group (P less than 0.05, 0.005, and 0.01 respectively).
      It was concluded that induction of luteolysis with PGF2 alpha in lactating dairy
      cattle with unobserved estrus and a palpable functional CL will be an effective
      addition to reproductive health programs.

PMID- 6575627
TI  - Induction of luteolysis in goats with prostaglandin F2 alpha.
AB  - On day 10 of each estrous cycle, 19 cycling does were given (IM) 1 of 3 dosage
      levels of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) or saline solution. After
      injections, goats were observed twice daily for behavioral estrus, and serum
      concentrations of progesterone (P4) were determined from daily blood collections
      to measure response to treatment. Every dose of PGF2 alpha (0.0165 mg/kg of body
      weight, 0.0275 mg/kg, and 0.0385 mg/kg) was administered during 20 estrous
      cycles, and 0.25 ml of saline solution was administered during 12 estrous cycles.
      Fourteen of 20, 15 of 20, 20 of 20, and 0 of 12 does exhibited signs of
      behavioral estrus within 96 hours of injections of 0.0165 mg of PGF2 alpha/kg,
      0.0275 mg of PGF2 alpha/kg, 0.0385 mg of PGF2 alpha/kg, and saline solution,
      respectively. A decline in mean concentrations of peripheral P4 from 3.6, 3.8,
      4.4, and 4.3 ng/ml to less than 1 ng/ml within 24 hours was observed in 15 of 20,
      16 of 20, 20 of 20, and 0 of 10 does after injections of 0.0165 mg of PGF2
      alpha/kg, 0.0275 mg of PGF2 alpha/kg, 0.0385 mg of PGF2 alpha/kg, and saline
      solution, respectively. The dosage level of 0.0385 mg of PGF2 alpha/kg (1.75 mg
      of PGF2 alpha/45.36 kg) was effective for induction of estrus in 100% of the
      does.

PMID- 6575628
TI  - Fourth International Conference on Physicochemical Hydrodynamics.

PMID- 6575629
TI  - Aggregation of red blood cells. Energy balance at the interface.

PMID- 6575630
TI  - Transient oxygen transport in hemoglobin solutions under conditions of the
      microcirculation.

PMID- 6575631
TI  - Spatial characteristics of turbulence in the aorta.

PMID- 6575632
TI  - The vascular interface between tissue and blood.

PMID- 6575633
TI  - A model of epithelial water transport.

PMID- 6575634
TI  - Determinants of water flow across the capillary wall and tissue interstitium.

PMID- 6575635
TI  - Microstructural and peripheral layer viscosity effects on the flow of blood
      through an artery with mild stenosis.

PMID- 6575636
TI  - Cochlear prostheses.

PMID- 6575637
TI  - The impact of auditory nerve experiments on cochlear implant design.

PMID- 6575638
TI  - Biophysical considerations in electrical stimulation of the auditory nervous
      system.

PMID- 6575639
TI  - Current distributions in cochlear stimulation.
AB  - Animal experimental studies have shown length constants of 2-4 mm for bipolar and
      8-16 mm for monopolar stimulations. Studies in models using saline-solution
      filled tubes have allowed us to examine the radial and longitudinal current
      distribution for pseudobipolar stimulation and have demonstrated that current
      localization is the same for bipolar and pseudobipolar stimulation over a 6-10-dB
      operating range. With coincident pseudobipolar multiple-channel stimulation there
      was suppression of the current between the stimulus maxima and enhancement at the
      edges leading to less stimulus interaction. Experiments performed with a
      pseudobipolar electrode implanted into the human cochlea showed that there was
      significant spread of current along the ground electrode because the electrode
      ground impedance was significantly greater than the cochlear tissue impedances.
      Because this leads to less current returned at each ground electrode, the
      pseudobipolar array will result in less interaction for coincident stimulation.

PMID- 6575640
TI  - Criteria for selecting electrodes for electrical stimulation: theoretical and
      practical considerations.
AB  - Smaller, more charge-intensive electrodes are needed for "safe" stimulation of
      the nervous system. In this paper we review critical concepts and the state of
      the art in electrodes. Control of charge density and charge balance are essential
      to avoid tissue electrolysis. Chemical criteria for "safe" stimulation are
      reviewed ("safe" is equated with "chemically reversible"). An example of a safe,
      but generally impractical, charge-injection process is double-layer charging. The
      limit here is the onset of irreversible faradaic processes. More charge can be
      safely injected with so-called "capacitor" electrodes, such as porous
      intermixtures of Ta/Ta2O5. BaTiO3 has excellent dielectric properties and may
      provide a new generation of capacitor electrodes. Faradaic charge injection is
      usually partially irreversible since some of the products escape into the
      solution. With Pt, up to 400 muc/cm2 real area can be absorbed by faradaic
      reactions of surface-adsorbed species, but a small part is lost due to metal
      dissolution. The surface of "activated" Ir is covered with a multilayer hydrated
      oxide. Charge injection occurs via rapid valence change within this oxide. Little
      or no metal dissolution is observed, and gassing limits are not exceeded even
      under stringent conditions.

PMID- 6575641
TI  - Design and fabrication of multiwire scala tympani electrodes.

PMID- 6575642
TI  - Speech coding: recognizing what we do not hear in speech.
AB  - Speech is a highly redundant signal. The redundant nature of speech is important
      for providing reliable communication over air pathways. A large part of this
      redundancy is useless for speech communication over digital channels. Speech
      coding aims at minimizing the information rate needed to reproduce a speech
      signal with specified fidelity. In this paper, we discuss factors that influence
      the design of efficient speech coders. The encoding and decoding processes
      invariably introduce error (noise and distortion) in the speech signal. Inability
      of the human ear to hear certain kinds of distortions in the speech signal plays
      a crucial role in producing high-quality speech at low bit rates. The physical
      difference between the waveforms of a given speech signal and its coded replica
      generally does not tell us much about the subjective quality of the coded signal.
      A signal-to-noise ratio as small as 10 dB can be tolerated in the coded signal
      provided the errors are distributed both in time and frequency domains where they
      are least audible. Recent work on auditory masking has provided us with new
      insights for optimizing the performance of speech coders. This paper reviews this
      work and discusses new speech coding methods that attempt to maximize the
      perceptual similarity between the original speech signal and its coded replica.
      These new methods make it possible to reproduce speech signals at very low bit
      rates with little or no audible distortion.

PMID- 6575643
TI  - Thin-film electrode fabrication techniques.
AB  - After a long developmental effort, we can now fabricate, using thin-film
      techniques, both rigid modiolar multielectrodes and flexible scala tympani
      multielectrodes which we believe appropriate for long-term implantation in human
      subjects. In vitro and in vivo life tests are in progress to confirm this
      expectation.

PMID- 6575644
TI  - Design and fabrication of the banded electrode array.
AB  - The banded electrode array is a simple and effective array for multiple-channel
      cochlear stimulation and meets the necessary design requirements.

PMID- 6575645
TI  - Acoustic properties used for the identification of speech sounds.

PMID- 6575646
TI  - Cochlear pathology with chronically implanted scala tympani electrodes.
AB  - In summary, these results with chronic implantation of three types of scala
      tympani electrode indicate the critical importance of two factors in reducing the
      risk of additional damage to cochlear structure by implantation surgery: (1) The
      shape and mechanical characteristics of the array must be precisely controlled
      such that insertion can be performed with an acceptably low incidence of trauma;
      and (2) the specific electrode materials and fabrication procedures must be
      demonstrated to be highly biocompatible in in vivo animal control studies. It
      appears that the neuronal elements of a prior normal cochlea (in the cat) can
      withstand chronic implantation of scala tympani electrodes (for at least 1 year)
      if these two prerequisites are met. The effects of chronic electrical stimulation
      with these arrays at current levels appropriate for the operation of such devices
      in patients is not known at present.

PMID- 6575647
TI  - Relation of cochlear implant function to histopathology in monkeys.

PMID- 6575648
TI  - Speech recognition in deaf subjects with multichannel intracochlear electrodes.

PMID- 6575649
TI  - Percepts from modiolar (eighth nerve) stimulation.

PMID- 6575650
TI  - Percepts from scala tympani stimulation.
AB  - The characteristics of the sensations produced by activating one electrode at a
      time are summarized as follows: (a) Loudness was found to increase with current
      level and pitch with repetition rate. (b) Pitch and sharpness increased in the
      apical-to-basal direction, and vowel labels could be assigned to sensations
      produced by individual electrodes in accordance with the tonotopical organization
      of the cochlea. (c) Results from triadic comparisons provided evidence that the
      sensations produced by repetition rate and electrode position are perceptually
      separable. (d) For short-duration stimuli, the discrimination performance for
      electrode trajectories was much better than that for repetition rate
      trajectories. For noncoincidental two-electrode stimulation, triadic comparisons
      showed that two perceptual components, one related to the more basal electrode
      and the other to the more apical one, could be discerned. Speech-coding
      considerations based on these psychophysical results are discussed.

PMID- 6575651
TI  - Percepts elicited by different speech-coding strategies.

PMID- 6575652
TI  - Speech perception with promontory stimulation.

PMID- 6575653
TI  - Clinical results with cochlear prostheses. Introductory remarks.
AB  - Reports on results of cochlear prostheses have left open many questions. More
      information on implanted persons is needed to counterbalance the fact of small
      sample size and heterogeneous makeup of the implanted patient groups. The precise
      use of audiological and phonetic terms in reporting on postimplantation test
      results could help to clarify the influence of different electrode setups,
      electrode locations, and coding features, and to make results comparable between
      different centers.

PMID- 6575654
TI  - The effects of signal processing by the House-Urban single-channel stimulator on
      auditory perception abilities of patients with cochlear implants.

PMID- 6575655
TI  - Clinical aspects of extracochlear electrical stimulation.

PMID- 6575656
TI  - Auditory results with single-channel implants.

PMID- 6575657
TI  - Surgical approach for insertion of multichannel electrodes into the scala
      tympani.

PMID- 6575658
TI  - Computerized testing of signal-encoding strategies with round-window implants.
AB  - After extensive testing of a patient with two bipolar modiolar electrodes
      connected to a percutaneous plug in 1977, we provided four patients with a single
      channel monopolar round-window electrode connected to a tuned radio-frequency
      receiver coil. Loudness and pitch discrimination and results of psychophysical
      scaling experiments of extracochlear electrodes are comparable to those with
      intracochlear stimulation. Extensive testing with a computerized test system and
      with tape-recorded and live speech material showed that accurate vowel and
      speaker identification by stimulation alone is possible and that discrimination
      by lipreading is considerably improved. Interactive training sessions further
      improve discrimination results. Different signal-encoding algorithms can be used
      to generate in real time stimulation signals from prestored speech parameters
      (such as pitch, gain, formants, and zerocrossing intervals).

PMID- 6575659
TI  - Clinical results with a multichannel pseudobipolar system.

PMID- 6575660
TI  - Results of stimulus and speech-coding schemes applied to multichannel electrodes.

PMID- 6575661
TI  - Long-term results of the multichannel cochlear implant.
AB  - Clinical results obtained with the multichannel cochlear implant are described in
      48 cases of total deafness (27 cases of prelingual and 21 cases of postlingual
      deafness). The tolerance for implanted material and the survival of the electrode
      nerve interface have not yet been altered after more than 5 years. After some
      months of training the patients, the percentages of phoneme-, word-, and sentence
      recognition vary from one patient to another, but depend approximately on the
      value of the threshold level of the round-window stimulation test, and the degree
      of socialization of each patient. These results suggest that the multichannel
      cochlear implant may now be considered as a useful tool in the rehabilitation of
      totally deaf persons.

PMID- 6575662
TI  - Techniques for computers recognition of speech.
AB  - This paper provides a review of the state of the art in speech recognition by
      machine. Although many speech recognition systems have been demonstrated and
      several commercial products are currently being used in selected environments,
      computer speech recognition has still very limited capabilities when compared
      with human performance. Typical component subsystems at the acoustic, phonetic,
      syntactic, and semantic level are described. The major problems in developing
      recognition systems and their performance under various conditions are presented.

PMID- 6575663
TI  - Comparison of percepts found with cochlear implant devices.
AB  - Much of what has been observed in psychoacoustic testing of implanted listeners
      is similar to that seen in normal or hearing-impaired listeners with only
      parametric modification. What is lacking is evidence for critical band phenomena
      and for frequency selectivity. The unique interaction of waveform and sensation
      level with pitch, loudness, and threshold appears only in implanted listeners.
      Direct waveform processing, without spectral decomposition, appears to be the
      means by which information is brought to the nervous system through electrical
      stimulation. The operations by which this is coded to create percepts of pitch
      and loudness remain to be elucidated.

PMID- 6575664
TI  - Estimating nerve survival by electrical ABR.

PMID- 6575665
TI  - Auditory assessment strategy and materials for adult and child candidates for
      cochlear implantation.

PMID- 6575666
TI  - Results for some patients with cochlear implants on the minimal auditory
      capabilities (MAC) battery.

PMID- 6575667
TI  - Impact of FDA regulations on the cochlear implant field.
AB  - An overview of the impact of the FDA's investigational device regulation on the
      field of the cochlear implants has been presented. It can be seen that the
      regulation has been established to provide a legal framework for conducting
      clinical investigations with medical devices. The regulation incorporates the
      concepts of institutional review and the informed consent of the patient. These
      concepts are not new; they have existed for a long time as part of medical
      research in the United States. We believe that the institutional review board
      will serve to effectively review and monitor the clinical course of patients
      receiving cochlear implants. We also believe that we have developed a regulation
      that maximizes patient safety, while encouraging investigation of the device. We
      understand and appreciate that IRB monitoring is far more efficient and effective
      than having FDA personnel on hand at various institutions around the country to
      monitor investigational studies. We know full well the added complexity that a
      bureaucratic monitoring process can bring to a clinical investigation. We think
      that the IRB approach is the most direct, straightforward, protective, and cost
      effective approach that can be taken. We appreciate the benefit that a patient
      receives in having a competent and expert investigator. The regulations were
      written to rely on these investigators for expertise in their particular
      specialty in conducting and evaluating the clinical studies. We recognize the
      role of the sponsor, who has made a commitment to the improvement of health care
      through advancement in technology, and who seeks to restore or to produce some
      degree of hearing for the totally deaf. Without a sponsor, these studies would
      not be possible. And last, but not least, we recognize the all-important role of
      the patient, who provides the clinical data base. The patient's welfare and
      safety must be considered in any clinical study. The IDE regulation has been in
      effect since July 1980. It provides the opportunity for the FDA and the medical
      and scientific communities to work together for the success of medical-device
      investigations. We can all pride ourselves on our high standard of medical
      excellence. When we can work together, this standard will rise even higher.

PMID- 6575668
TI  - Histopathology of profound sensorineural deafness.
AB  - In all the cases of profound deafness that we examined, the sensory epithelium
      along the basilar membrane had severely degenerated. However, ganglion cell
      counts and peripheral fiber estimates demonstrated a high degree of variability
      when analyzed with respect to the state of the organ of Corti or the etiology of
      the original cochlear disorder. We conclude that a complex interplay of factors
      determines the number of cells remaining in the spiral ganglion at a given time.
      It appears impossible at present to predict which diseases or toxic states
      produce primarily a sensory loss while leaving a uniform and adequate number of
      cochlear neurons functionally intact. We would like to emphasize that although
      the ganglion cell counts were consistently reduced in all our cases of profound
      sensorineural deafness, it has always been a surprise to us to find that the
      actual numbers of surviving cells are considerable. Of 15 patients, all of whom
      were totally deaf, only 3 had ganglion cell counts less than 10,000, whereas the
      majority had counts well above 15,000. Observations of this kind are possible
      only if accurate ganglion cell counts are carried out. Estimating the number of
      spiral ganglion cells by only looking at microscopic sections usually results in
      estimates of greater cell loss than is actually present.

PMID- 6575669
TI  - The perception of fluent speech.
AB  - The perception of fluent speech involves both acoustic-driven and knowledge
      driven sources of information. Acoustic sources that directly convey information
      about higher-order linguistic characteristics include the suprasegmental aspects
      of speech, associated with the acoustic cues of fundamental frequency, duration,
      and intensity. From the standpoint of cochlear prostheses, interest in listeners'
      perception of these suprasegmentals is heightened by the fact that these
      properties are typically among the best preserved sources of speech information
      in the sensorineural hearing-impaired. Studies with normal listeners indicate
      that suprasegmentals provide cues to such linguistic factors as word stress,
      syntactic structure, and semantic interpretation. In addition, they supply
      information about many nonlinguistic characteristics of the speaker. Research on
      knowledge-driven processes indicates that normal listeners utilize knowledge of
      lexical, syntactic, and semantic constraints of the language to guide the
      segmentation of speech into word-like units and to select among candidate word
      choices. These findings are related to research with hearing-impaired listeners
      and prosthesis testing.

PMID- 6575670
TI  - Coding of the speech spectrum in three time-varying sinusoids.
AB  - Recent perceptual experiments with normal adult listeners show that phonetic
      information can readily be conveyed by sinewave replicas of speech signals. These
      tonal patterns are made of three sinusoids set equal in frequency and amplitude
      to the respective peaks of the first three formants of natural-speech utterances.
      Unlike natural and most synthetic speech, the spectrum of sinusoidal patterns
      contains neither harmonics nor broadband formants, and is identified as grossly
      unnatural in voice timbre. Despite this drastic recoding of the short-time speech
      spectrum, listeners perceive the phonetic content if the temporal properties of
      spectrum variation are preserved. These observations suggest that phonetic
      perception may depend on properties of coherent spectrum variation, a second
      order property of the acoustic signal, rather than any particular set of acoustic
      elements present in speech signals.

PMID- 6575671
TI  - A fiber sum modulation code for a cochlear prosthesis.

PMID- 6575672
TI  - Coding of sound in a cochlear prosthesis: some theoretical and practical
      considerations.

PMID- 6575673
TI  - Spatiotemporal response patterns in populations of cochlear nerve fibers: single-
      and two-tone studies.

PMID- 6575674
TI  - Adaptation in the auditory periphery.

PMID- 6575675
TI  - Speech encoding in the auditory nerve: implications for cochlear implants.

PMID- 6575676
TI  - The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin: events and recollections from 1942 to
      1982.

PMID- 6575677
TI  - Molecular biology of fibrinogen and fibrin.

PMID- 6575678
TI  - The plasma fibrinogen fraction with elevated sialic acid content and elongated
      gamma chains. Discussion paper.

PMID- 6575679
TI  - Heterogeneity of normal human fibrinogen due to two high molecular weight variant
      gamma chains.

PMID- 6575680
TI  - Congenital fibrinogen abnormalities.

PMID- 6575681
TI  - The structure and evolution of vertebrate fibrinogen.

PMID- 6575682
TI  - Electron microscopy of fibrinogen, its plasmic fragments and small polymers.

PMID- 6575683
TI  - Morphology of fibrinogen monomers and of fibrin protofibrils.

PMID- 6575684
TI  - The structure of fibrinogen and fibrin: I. Electron microscopy and X-ray
      crystallography of fibrinogen.

PMID- 6575685
TI  - Laser diffraction of oriented fibrinogen molecules.

PMID- 6575686
TI  - New approaches to old problems in the clotting of fibrinogen.

PMID- 6575687
TI  - Factors influencing fibrin gel structure studied by flow measurement.

PMID- 6575688
TI  - Fibrinopeptide B in fibrin assembly and metabolism: physiologic significance in
      delayed release of the peptide.
AB  - The delayed release of peptide B that accelerates towards the end of fibrin
      formation unmasks accessory (b-) epitopes for monomer interaction.
      Ultracentrifuge and chromatographic analysis of the composition and dissociation
      of soluble complexes formed by monomers in fibrinogen solution indicate that the
      b-epitope augments aggregation by acting cooperatively with the a-epitope to
      reinforce rather than cross-bridge oligomer assembly. Monomer/fibrinogen
      association by coordinated interactions through both epitopes is strengthened by
      an additional order of magnitude over associations (10(7) and 1.6 X 10(6) M-1)
      through the a- and b-epitopes individually, without affecting oligomer thickness.
      It is suggested that the delayed release of B has purpose in allowing early
      complexes to dissociate for (1) rapid equilibration across interstitial fluids,
      and for (2) rapid uptake by phagocytic cells which depend on access to the a
      epitope for monomer absorption. In late stages of coagulation, stabilization of
      oligomer assembly imparted by the b-epitope blocks both equilibration of fibrin
      concentrations and phagocytic clearance of the fibrin to localize deposition.

PMID- 6575689
TI  - Covalent structure of fibrinogen.

PMID- 6575690
TI  - Chemical modification of fibrinogen and the effect on fibrin formation.

PMID- 6575691
TI  - Fibrin polymerization sites in fibrinogen and fibrin fragments.

PMID- 6575692
TI  - Synthetic peptides modeled on fibrin polymerization sites.

PMID- 6575693
TI  - Interaction of thrombin and fibrinogen and the polymerization of fibrin monomer.

PMID- 6575694
TI  - The structure of fibrinogen and fibrin: II. Architecture of the fibrin clot.
AB  - Our present low resolution model for fibrinogen based on electron microscopy and
      x-ray diffraction data has been described by Cohen et al. A unique aspect of the
      structural analysis of fibrous proteins is that the molecular packing in ordered
      arrays reflects biologically significant intermolecular interactions. We have
      shown that the orthogonal sheet microcrystals, which are closely related to
      fibrin, are made up of a highly regular arrangement of two-stranded protofibrils,
      and we have visualized aspects of both the substructure of the protofibrils as
      well as their packing to form the fibrin clot. By correlation of structural data
      with biochemical studies we have begun to identify certain functional regions of
      the fibrinogen model related to fibrin. Many aspects of fibrinogen's
      physiological activity remain to be related to its structure. As our present
      model is improved by higher resolution studies, we will see with increasing
      clarity molecular features critical for clot formation and fibrinolysis.

PMID- 6575695
TI  - Orientation of fibrin in strong magnetic fields.
AB  - Magnetic field orientation can be considered as a new valuable technique for the
      study of fibrin. Birefringence measurements during polymerization in the magnetic
      field enables a new approach to study the mode of association of fibrin monomers.
      Stable fully oriented clots can be obtained for investigation of the three
      dimensional and the secondary structures of the fibrin fiber. Such experiments
      could be useful to assess the structure of other biopolymers diamagnetically
      anisotropic.

PMID- 6575696
TI  - The abnormal carbohydrate composition of the dysfibrinogenemia associated with
      liver disease.

PMID- 6575697
TI  - The occurrence and clinical relevance of fibrin fragments in blood.

PMID- 6575698
TI  - Vasoactive peptides derived from degradation of fibrinogen and fibrin.

PMID- 6575699
TI  - Translational and cotranslational events in fibrinogen synthesis.
AB  - What we have shown in these studies are some of the first steps in the assembly
      of fibrinogen. We believe that using the hepatocyte culture system together with
      molecules capable of stimulating an increase in synthesis holds much promise in
      helping to learn how the cell puts together this elegant and complicated
      molecule. Moreover, these studies may also provide clues to mechanisms operant
      for other complex proteins produced by the liver.

PMID- 6575700
TI  - Cloning of fibrinogen genes and their cDNA.
AB  - Cross-species hybridizations have enabled us to isolate and clone the gene for
      the beta chain of human fibrinogen. Highlights of the gene for the beta chain
      revealed by nucleotide sequence analyses, particularly in areas that have a
      direct bearing on defining the overall organization of the gene, have been
      presented. Nucleotide sequence determination has confirmed the presence of seven
      intervening sequences. The positions where several of these intervening sequences
      interrupt the coding region appear to be related to the functional domains of the
      polypeptide. A putative signal peptide has been identified. Studies on the cDNA
      for the human alpha chain indicate that the alpha chain polypeptide may be
      synthesized in a precursor form with a COOH-terminal extension of 15 amino acids
      as compared to the alpha chain present in the mature molecule found in plasma. We
      are in the process of isolating the genes for the alpha and gamma chains by a
      similar approach. We are hopeful that these studies will provide information as
      to how they are regulated and how they have undergone changes in the course of
      evolution.

PMID- 6575701
TI  - Regulation and characterization of the mRNAs for the A alpha, B beta and gamma
      chains of fibrinogen.

PMID- 6575702
TI  - The biosynthesis of fibrinogen: in vivo studies.

PMID- 6575703
TI  - Enhancement of the streptokinase-induced activation of human plasminogen by human
      fibrinogen and human fibrinogen fragment D1.

PMID- 6575704
TI  - Binding of soluble fibrin to macrophages.

PMID- 6575705
TI  - Calcium-binding regions in fibrinogen.

PMID- 6575706
TI  - Fibrinogen heterogeneity.

PMID- 6575707
TI  - The secretory immune system.

PMID- 6575708
TI  - Salivary antibodies and systemic tolerance in mice after oral immunization with
      bacterial antigens.

PMID- 6575709
TI  - IgA rheumatoid factor: evidence for independent expression at local sites of
      tissue inflammation.

PMID- 6575710
TI  - Differences in processing of polymeric IgA and asialoglycoproteins by the rat
      liver.

PMID- 6575711
TI  - Comparative aspects of the hepatobiliary transport of IgA.

PMID- 6575712
TI  - Induction and expression of antibodies in secretions: the ocular immune system.

PMID- 6575713
TI  - The origins of secretory IgA in milk: a shift during lactation from a serum
      origin to local synthesis in the mammary gland.

PMID- 6575714
TI  - Abrogation of tolerance to fed antigen and induction of cell-mediated immunity in
      the gut-associated lymphoreticular tissues.

PMID- 6575715
TI  - Synthesis and secretion of IgA, IgM, and IgG by peripheral blood mononuclear
      cells in human disease states, by isolated human intestinal mononuclear cells,
      and by human bone marrow mononuclear cells from ribs.
AB  - We have examined the secretion of IgA, IgM, and IgG by isolated human intestinal
      MNC, human bone marrow MNC from rib specimens, and peripheral blood MNC from
      patients with CD, UC, SLE, and HSP. "Normal" control intestinal MNC exhibited
      high spontaneous secretion of IgA, whereas intestinal MNC from UC and CD patients
      exhibited only modest increases in IgA secretion. Peripheral blood MNC from
      patients with CD, UC, SLE, and HSP exhibited markedly elevated spontaneous
      secretion of immunoglobulins in general and IgA in particular. Pure human bone
      marrow MNC exhibited high spontaneous secretion of IgA with modest amounts of IgG
      and normal IgM being secreted. The addition of PWM to cultures in which high
      spontaneous synthesis and secretion of immunoglobulins was seen, resulted in no
      further enhancement, and in some instances suppression, of antibody secretion. In
      patients with autoimmune disease, there appeared to be dual immunoregulatory
      defects, one involving a lack of normal T-suppressor cell functional capabilities
      for spontaneous antibody synthesis, and the other the presence of PWM activable T
      suppressor cells. In human bone marrow, we have identified MNC that secrete
      suppressor factors in the presence of PWM and that are capable of inhibiting
      antibody synthesis and secretion. Column separation using Sephacryl S-300
      revealed that the IgA secreted by "normal" control intestinal MNC is
      predominantly dimeric, whereas the IgA secreted by human bone marrow MNC is
      predominantly monomeric. Furthermore, mucosal MNC from patients with CD and
      uninvolved intestine from patients with UC exhibited patterns similar to control
      intestinal MNC, being predominantly dimeric IgA with some monomeric IgA secreted.
      By contrast, intestinal MNC from patients with UC had a decreased proportion of
      dimeric IgA and increased proportion of monomeric IgA, thus indicating that IgA
      precursor B-cells may have migrated into the intestine from extraintestinal
      sites, or that the normal dimeric IgA-secreting cells in the intestine had begun
      secreting increased proportion of monomeric IgA as well. These studies indicate
      that homing patterns and/or immunoregulation of IgA-secreting cells are altered
      in human intestine, bone marrow, and autoimmune disease states.

PMID- 6575716
TI  - Estrogen-mediated control of the secretory immune system in the uterus of the
      rat.

PMID- 6575717
TI  - The properties and role of receptors for IgA on human leukocytes.

PMID- 6575718
TI  - The influence of muramyl dipeptide on the secretory immune response.

PMID- 6575719
TI  - Passive immunity to transmissible gastroenteritis virus: intramammary viral
      inoculation of sows.
AB  - Sows were injected intramammarily with live-attenuated TGE virus, an enteric
      coronavirus--one sow during pregnancy and three sows during lactation. All sows
      were TGE antibody seronegative prior to inoculation except for one naturally
      infected sow inoculated during lactation. The animal injected during pregnancy
      had primarily IgG TGE antibodies in milk from all glands. By contrast, sows
      injected during lactation had IgA and IgM initially, and later IgA and IgG TGE
      antibodies in milk from injected and noninjected glands. The seropositive sow had
      elevated IgA TGE antibody titers in milk after IMm injection. Both seronegative
      sows inoculated intramammarily during lactation shed TGE virus in milk from
      injected glands, and their nursing piglets developed mild diarrhea and shed virus
      in their feces at three to nine DPE of the sows. Milk from IMm injected glands
      generally had higher TGE antibody titers than milk from noninjected glands. These
      results suggest that TGE virus replicates in lactating mammary gland tissue,
      thereby stimulating IgA immunocytes, leading to secretion of IgA antibodies in
      milk. Whether the intramammary route presents a natural route of enteric virus
      exposure in lactating animals (by way of infected nursing piglets), leading to
      IgA-antibody secretion in milk, requires further investigation.

PMID- 6575720
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies recognizing the secreted and membrane domains of the IgA
      dimer receptor.
AB  - The receptor that mediates the specific uptake and intracellular transport of
      dimeric immunoglobulin A (IgA dimer) in mucosal and glandular epithelia is
      identical with a transmembrane precursor of secreted secretory component. During
      transport, the IgA dimer receptor (membrane SC) is cleaved into two domains, a
      membrane anchorage peptide and secreted secretory component. We have produced
      monoclonal antibodies with distinct specificity against both domains of the
      rabbit IgA dimer receptor. Two mouse hybridoma lines were obtained by fusion of
      SP2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from mice immunized with purified receptor
      from rabbit liver and by screening of culture supernatants in an
      immunoprecipitation assay with radiolabeled receptor. One antibody, designated
      anti-SC 303, reacts both with membrane and secreted SC and is therefore directed
      to a determinant on the secreted domain of the IgA dimer receptor. The other
      antibody, anti-SC 166, unable to interact with secreted SC, recognizes the
      membrane domain of the receptor. We discussed the unique precursor relationship
      between a cell-surface receptor and a secreted protein and its implications in
      the IgA dimer transport system.

PMID- 6575721
TI  - In vitro antibacterial properties of AT-2266, a new pyridonecarboxylic acid.
AB  - AT-2266, 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3
      -carboxylic acid, is a new pyridonecarboxylic acid derivative with broad and
      potent antibacterial activity. It inhibited some gram-positive bacteria, such as
      staphylococci and Bacillus subtilis, and most gram-negative bacteria, including
      Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, and
      Campylobacter jejuni, at concentrations of 0.1 to 0.78 microgram/ml, and most
      gram-positive bacteria, glucose-nonfermenters, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae at
      concentrations of 1.56 to 12.5 micrograms/ml. Most of the clinical isolates
      tested were as susceptible to AT-2266 as were laboratory strains. The
      antibacterial potency of AT-2266 was higher than those of pipemidic acid and
      nalidixic acid and similar to that of norfloxacin. AT-2266 was not cross
      resistant with antibiotics and inhibited most highly nalidixic acid-resistant
      bacteria at concentrations of 1.56 to 3.13 micrograms/ml. Its activity was barely
      affected by the addition of horse serum or sodium cholate but weakened by
      lowering the medium pH or increasing the inoculum size. AT-2266 was bactericidal
      at concentrations near its minimal inhibitory concentrations. Frequencies of
      mutants resistant to 10 micrograms of AT-2266 per ml were lower than 4.0 x 10(
      9).

PMID- 6575722
TI  - [Detection of human osteosarcoma-associated antigens by monoclonal antibodies].
AB  - Hybrid cell lines have been derived from a fusion between mouse myeloma cell
      line, NS1/Ag 4-1, and spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with freshly
      resected osteosarcoma cells from an untreated patient. Of the 276 hybrids
      obtained, five secreted antibodies which bound to osteosarcoma tissues but not to
      autologous skin fibroblasts. Antibodies secreted by individual hybrids were
      tested for their reaction with a panel of human normal and tumor tissues in an
      immunofluorescence assay, and they displayed different specificities. Two of
      these antibodies, OST2 and OST4, bound to osteosarcoma tissues and to some other
      tumors and normal tissues. The antibodies from three of these five hybrids, OST6,
      OST7, and OST15, reacted with all of seven osteosarcoma tissues and one
      chondrosarcoma tissue but not with other malignant or benign tumors. Tests of
      various normal tissues were negative, except for weak binding to a subpopulation
      of chondrocytes in calcified areas of cartilage near the subchondral bone.
      Interestingly, none of the antibodies showed reactivity with three osteosarcoma
      cell lines, Te 85, Te 418, and MG 63. The experiments established the usefulness
      of the hybridoma technique in preparing monospecific antibodies against human
      osteosarcoma associated antigens. In particular, this study demonstrates that the
      use of freshly resected tumor tissues in preparing monoclonal antibodies would
      provide a necessary tool for the study of tumor associated antigens.

PMID- 6575723
TI  - [Combination chemotherapy of primary adenocarcinoma of the lung using adriamycin,
      ACNU, and vindesine].
AB  - Since July 1980, thirty patients with inoperable adenocarcinoma of the lung have
      been treated with ANV. Induction chemotherapy (Adriamycin 35 mg/m2 i.v. days 1
      and 22, ACNU 2 mg/kg i.v. day 1, vindesine 2 mg/m2 i.v. days 1, and 22) was given
      for 2 courses (or 1 course) at 3-week intervals. Maintenance chemotherapy was
      performed with reduced doses and elongated intervals. Characteristics of 30
      patients were as follows: 13 males and 17 females; mean age 55 (range 32-77);
      mean PS 1.6, prior chemotherapy 3 cases; tumor involving bone (53%), brain (20%)
      and cervical node (23%). Of 27 patients who received no prior chemotherapy, 2
      patients were unmeasurable because of pleural effusion. After one course of
      induction chemotherapy, 7 out of 25 patients achieved PR (response rate: 28%), 5
      MRS (20%), 10 NCS, and 3 PDS. When patients were divided into the youngers (32-59
      years old, mean 47) and the older (60-77 years old, mean 67), the youngers showed
      apparently higher response rate (6/17, 35%) than the olders (1/8, 13%). When
      patients were divided into three groups by the grade of cell differentiation,
      response rates were 0/5 (0%) in the well differentiated group, 2/6 (33%) in the
      moderately differentiated group, and 5/11 (45%) in the poorly differentiated
      group. The median survival time for all patients was 9 months; the younger 8
      months, the older 9 months, well differentiated 11 months, moderately
      differentiated 9 months, and poorly differentiated 7 months. Survival time of
      responders was not significantly (P greater than 0.05) longer than that of non
      responders. Toxicities were mild: leucopenia (less than 4,000) found in 85%,
      thrombocytopenia (less than 100,000) in 8%, anorexia in 54%, nausea and vomiting
      in 39%, and alopecia in 82%.

PMID- 6575724
TI  - [Drug sensitivity of human acute myelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) and normal
      human myelocytes (CFU-C) in a co-culture].
AB  - The chemotherapeutic susceptibility of normal human granulocyte-macrophage
      progenitor cells (CFU-C) and established human acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
      cells (HL-60) in co-culture were determined. Nucleated marrow cells (2 X 10(5))
      and HL-60 cells (5 X 10(3)) were mixed in 0.33% agar containing McCoy's 5a
      medium, 10% fetal calf serum, 0.1 ml of human placenta-conditioned medium and
      various concentrations of vincristine, cytosine arabinoside or daunorubicin to a
      total of 1.1 ml. They were incubated in 5% humidified CO2 at 37 degrees C for 8
      to 10 days. CFU-C and HL-60 colonies were differentiated morphologically. In the
      absence of chemotherapeutic agents, the CFU-C colony formation was inhibited with
      the increasing number of HL-60 cells. CFU-C is equivalent or less sensitive than
      the leukemic cells in separate culture, but in co-culture it becomes more
      susceptible to vincristine and daunorubicin. These data indicate AML cells exert
      inhibitory effects on normal marrow CFU-C. In such state, normal hematopoietic
      cells become more susceptible to certain chemotherapeutic agents.

PMID- 6575725
TI  - [Clinical effects of human lymphoblastoid interferon in patients with hematologic
      neoplasms].
AB  - Sixteen patients with hematologic neoplasms were treated with Human
      Lymphoblastoid Interferon (HL-BI) derived from Namalwa cell line. They were 6
      multiple myeloma, 8 acute leukemia and 2 malignant lymphoma patients. All
      patients were previously treated with anticancer agents except one case with
      multiple myeloma. HLBI, 3.0 X 10(6) IU/day, was daily administered by
      intramuscular injection at least for 4 weeks. Three of 6 multiple myeloma
      responded to HLBI with a decrease of more than 25% in serum myeloma protein
      level. A case with pleural effusion due to massive infiltration of myeloma cells
      treated with intrathoratic administration of HLBI, in whom complete disappearance
      of pleural effusion was recognized. On the other hand, no patients with acute
      leukemia and malignant lymphoma responded except one case with acute lymphocytic
      leukemia, in which bone marrow lymphoblasts decreased transiently. Fever
      episodes, 13 of 16 cases, were more frequently seen but were manageable.
      Transient leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were also observed in 4 and 7 of 8
      cases, respectively. No anaphylactoid reaction was seen. Thus, HLBI was expected
      useful in the clinical management of multiple myeloma.

PMID- 6575726
TI  - [Preservation of the affected limbs in the treatment of osteosarcoma in
      children].
AB  - The pre-operative radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy is effective in reducing
      the size of tumor and making the tumor resectable. The results achieved with
      systemic chemotherapy are ultimately reflected in improved survival. Moreover,
      limb-saving procedure in the treatment of osteosarcoma has become possible with
      rationality in carefully selected patients. Sixty-seven patients with
      osteosarcoma within a range of 5 to 27 years of age were treated at Chiba Cancer
      Center Hospital in the recent 12 year-duration. Seventeen of 67 patients
      underwent en bloc resection for osteosarcoma of the femur, (12 patients) and the
      tibia (5 patients). No patients had evidence of local recurrence of the tumor and
      overall 15 patients are alive without distant metastasis after 9 to 120 months
      follow-up. Based on the effective chemotherapy schedule, the limb salvation in
      the treatment of osteosarcoma is most desirable if it is indicated without risk
      of decreased radicality of the treatment.

PMID- 6575727
TI  - [Adriamycin-aclacinomycin therapy (AA therapy) for acute leukemia unresponsive to
      BH-AC-DMP therapy].
AB  - Eight adults with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia refractory to BH-AC.DMP therapy
      (N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, daunomycin, 6-mercaptopurine and
      prednisolone) were treated with a combination therapy of anthracycline
      antibiotics: adriamycin and aclacinomycin A (AA therapy). Four of five patients,
      who had received neither adriamycin nor aclacinomycin A previously, achieved
      complete remission after one course of AA therapy with a median time to remission
      of 24.5 days (ranging from 21 to 31 days). Two cases were in first remission
      induction phase and the other two were in first of third relapse. Three cases
      still maintain complete remission and the durations of remission range from 3 to
      over 14 months. Major side effects were loss of hair (100%) and myocardial damage
      (64%). T wave flattening and appearance of U wave in ECG were noted a few days
      after receiving chemotherapy but those changes returned to normal within 2 to 3
      weeks. Ventricular fibrillation was observed in one case, which was refractory to
      chemotherapy and complicated by sepsis and electrolytes imbalance. Thus, this
      regimen deserves to be tried as a remission induction in patients with refractory
      acute non-lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6575728
TI  - [Pancreatic and biliary excretion of 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl-3
      (2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) in man].
AB  - For the purpose of examining the transfer of anticancer drug into pancreatic
      juice and hepatic bile, 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl-3-(2
      chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) was given to 6
      pancreaticoduodenectomized patients with periampullary cancer. The pancreatic
      juice and bile were collected through the pancreatic or biliary duct drainage
      before and after the intravenous administration of ACNU (2 mg/kg) for 210
      minutes. ACNU concentrations of the pancreatic juice and hepatic bile reached to
      the maximum 15 minutes and 30 minutes after administration, respectively, and
      high transfer rates were sustained in both fluids. ACNU concentrations in the
      hepatic bile were higher than in the pancreatic juice in all cases.

PMID- 6575729
TI  - [Administration of aclarubicin in malignant lymphoma].

PMID- 6575731
TI  - Infective endocarditis in a patient with acute leukemia.

PMID- 6575730
TI  - [Prediction of resistance to remission induction in acute leukemia in adult].
AB  - Twenty-two patients with adult acute non-lymphocytic leukemia treated with
      intensive combination chemotherapy between November 1975 and April 1982 were
      retrospectively analyzed to see if we could find useful clinical parameters which
      could predict those patients who, after failing their initial treatment cycle,
      would respond to subsequent cycles of the same regimen. Three groups of patients
      were identified. Eight patients achieved complete remission with one cycle of
      chemotherapy; seven patients achieved complete remission with a second cycle of
      the same regimen and seven patients did not respond. Marrow studies performed
      approximately 3 weeks following the first cycle of therapy were analyzed.
      Patients who subsequently responded to the regimen differed from non-responders
      in the residual blasts percentage in the marrow obtained 20-24 days after the
      initiation of the first cycle. Patients who responded to a second cycle had 11
      36% blasts (mean 24%), while non-responders had 35-96% blasts (mean 66%) (p less
      than 0.01). No patients with more than 40% blasts in their bone marrow achieved
      complete remission. We concluded that patients with more than 40% blasts in their
      bone marrow 20-24 days after the initiation of the first cycle of the
      chemotherapy regimens used should receive an alternate regimen for a second cycle
      of induction therapy.

PMID- 6575732
TI  - In vitro expression of nitrogenase activity in Parasponia-Rhizobium strain ANU
      289.
AB  - Rhizobium strain ANU 289 derepressed nitrogenase activity under defined in vitro
      conditions. Acetylene reduction was detected both in agar and liquid stationary
      culture. The strain is capable of nitrogen-fixing nodulation of legumes [such as
      siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum Urb] as well as the non-legumes Parasponia
      andersonii and P. rugosa. Nitrogenase activity as high as 40-70 nmol C2H4 per mg
      protein after 7 days of incubation was detected. Strain ANU 289 was similar to
      Rhizobium strains 32 H1 and CB 756 with regard to oxygen requirement in the gas
      phase for development of nitrogenase activity between 0 and 10% O2, but showed
      increased sensitivity to oxygen repression at 20% O2. Strain ANU 289 also showed
      pronounced sensitivity to exogenous glutamine compared to strains 32 H1 and CB
      756.

PMID- 6575733
TI  - Methylamine metabolism and its role in nitrogenase "switch off" in
      Rhodopseudomonas capsulata.
AB  - In the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, NH4+ switch-off of
      nitrogenase activity can be mimicked by its analog, methylamine. Like NH4+,
      methylamine appeared to require processing by glutamine synthetase (GS) before it
      was effective; gamma-glutamylmethylamide was shown to be the product of this
      reaction. Evidence that this glutamine analog functioned directly to initiate
      nitrogenase inactivation was suggested first by the fact that it was a poor
      substrate for glutamate synthase (i.e., it was not further metabolized by this
      pathway) and secondly, azaserine which blocks the transfer of the glutamine amide
      group had no effect on CH3NH3+ (or NH4+) switch-off. These observations are taken
      as preliminary evidence to suggest that when NH4+ inhibits nitrogenase activity,
      inactivation is initiated by glutamine itself, and not a molecule derived from
      it. Finally, evidence was presented that R. capsulata would use CH3NH3+ as a
      nitrogen substrate, but lag periods and generation times increased with
      subsequent passages.

PMID- 6575734
TI  - Whole cell respiration and nitrogenase activities in Azotobacter vinelandii
      growing in oxygen controlled continuous culture.

PMID- 6575735
TI  - Immuno-radiometric assays for human salivary acidic proline-rich proteins and
      their N- and C-terminal fragments.
AB  - An immuno-radiometric assay was developed for acidic proline-rich proteins from
      human saliva, and assays designed which specifically detect the N- or C-terminal
      parts of the proteins. The immuno-radiometric assay depends on the binding of
      antigen to paper discs coated with specific antibodies. Subsequently, the discs
      are incubated with radioactive specific antibodies. The amount of radioactive
      antibodies bound to the discs depends on the amount of antigen already adhering
      to the discs.

PMID- 6575736
TI  - A comparison of the acid-base metabolisms of pooled human dental plaque and
      salivary sediment.
AB  - The acid-base metabolisms of the mixed bacteria in pooled dental plaque and
      salivary sediment sampled from the same subjects were compared in vitro. Plaque
      at a suspension concentration of 8.3 per cent (v/v) was found to produce pH
      responses like those of sediment at 16.7 per cent (v/v) with all substrates and
      under all incubation conditions tested. The substrates examined included several
      carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose and starch) and several nitrogenous substrates
      (urea, arginine and the arginine peptide glycyl-glycyl-lysyl-arginine also called
      sialin). Also examined were the effects of endogenous substrates and of salivary
      supernatant and fluoride. A difference in suspension concentration was necessary
      to achieve similarity in pH response which was attributed to the presence of more
      non-viable epithelial cells in sediment than in plaque. Under these conditions,
      salivary sediment showed a slightly greater buffering capacity than plaque, a
      difference that was not evident if salivary supernatant was present. It was clear
      from this study that salivary sediment and pooled dental plaque from the same
      subjects have similar acid-base metabolisms and that the more abundant and
      readily available sediment could be used to study such metabolism in dental
      plaque.

PMID- 6575737
TI  - Changes in polyamine metabolism during experimental periodontitis in dogs and the
      role of putrescine in recovery.
AB  - There are many reports showing a close relationship between polyamine metabolism
      and tissue growth or the recovery of damaged tissues, such as that occurring
      after partial hepatectomy. Therefore, it was proposed that the metabolism of
      polyamines might change in periodontitis induced by attaching surgical ligatures
      below the gingival margin of dog molars. One to two days after fixing the
      ligatures, the putrescine content and activity of ornithine decarboxylase in the
      tissue rose to about twice the control levels and then decreased gradually to
      control levels on day 7. No significant change in spermidine or spermine
      concentration was observed during this period. When the ligatures were removed on
      day 7, the putrescine content increased to about 2.5 times the normal level
      within 12 h. Ornithine decarboxylase activity changed in parallel with the change
      in putrescine content. Clinical and histopathological indications of
      periodontitis then started to decrease and had almost disappeared 2 weeks after
      removal of the ligatures. On the other hand, when the ligatures were removed on
      day 14, no significant increase in putrescine content was observed within 36 h
      and the rate of recovery from periodontitis was significantly slower than when
      the ligatures were removed on day 7. However, application of putrescine to the
      periodontal pocket immediately after removal of the ligatures on day 14 increased
      the rate of recovery, as determined by histological criteria. These findings
      suggest that putrescine or its metabolites are important in the process of
      recovery from periodontitis.

PMID- 6575738
TI  - Relationship of the basic glycoprotein to the basic proline-rich proteins in
      human parotid saliva.

PMID- 6575739
TI  - Effect of developmental stage of explants on further in-vitro development of
      hamster molars.
AB  - With morphometrical and biochemical methods the in-vitro development of 1-4-day
      old 2nd maxillary molars was studied up to 10 days and compared with previously
      reported in-vivo development. Incorporation of [3H]-thymidine and increase in dry
      weight were used as biochemical parameters for cell proliferation and growth
      respectively specific alkaline phosphatase activity and uptake of 45Ca as the
      measure for mineralization. In explants of 2-4-day-old hamsters, formation of
      dentine and enamel matrix was consistent: both mineralized. These explants
      attained stages beyond enamel matrix formation, possibly the transitional stages
      of amelogenesis. The amounts of matrices produced appeared to be related to the
      final size the explants attained. Best in-vitro development histologically was in
      explants of 2 and 3-day-olds. Thus in-vitro development was qualitatively similar
      to in vivo.

PMID- 6575740
TI  - Structural organization of calcospherites in normal and rachitic human dentine.
AB  - The structure of human dentine affected by familial hypophosphataemic rickets was
      investigated by polarized light and electron microscopy. Within the
      calcospherites both radially-orientated and collagen-orientated crystals were
      present, in approximately equal numbers. This was so, but less distinctly, in the
      calcospherites of normal dentine. It is concluded that dentine mineralizes
      entirely by formation of calcospherities which coalesce. It is proposed that
      matrix vesicles are probably responsible for the initiation of mineralization,
      and that growth of the calcospherites may depend on scavenging of inorganic
      pyrophosphate by the first-formed crystals. Growth of these crystals is thus
      poisoned but the resulting removal of inhibition allows deposition of further
      crystals by precipitation and by nucleation on collagen. The rachitic structure
      of dentine appeared to be due to slow calcospherite growth, probably as a result
      of the depressed serum phosphate characteristic of the disease.

PMID- 6575741
TI  - The occurrence of a lamellated nerve terminal in the periodontal ligament of the
      rat incisor.

PMID- 6575742
TI  - Diffusion of small ionic species in human saliva, plaque fluid and plaque residue
      in vitro.
AB  - The tracer diffusion of small ionic species was investigated in water, saliva,
      dental plaque fluid and in plaque residue packed by a range of g forces.
      Diffusion rate of NaCl was similar in water, saliva and plaque fluid. The rate of
      CaCl2, NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4 and Na2SO4 was less in both saliva and plaque fluid.
      Diffusion rate of all ionic species tested was significantly less in plaque
      residue, most of all for CaCl2. In plaque fluid, plaque residue and water, an
      inverse linear relationship was found between log diffusion coefficients and log
      molecular weights. Increasing the tortuosity of the diffusion path, by packing
      plaque residue, further reduced the diffusion rate of NaH2PO4 and NaHCO3. In
      terms of three-dimensional diffusion, in plaque fluid, NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4 and CaCl2
      diffused a distance of 300 microns within 25 s, whereas in plaque residue the
      equivalent diffusion times were 1.5-5.7 min. The unique retardation of CaCl2 in
      plaque residue implicated both non-specific and specific binding interactions.

PMID- 6575743
TI  - On the self-perception of jaw positions in man.
AB  - A longitudinal study shows that, in the short-term, dentate subjects are able to
      match fairly well the magnitude of jaw separations to any of three types of
      memorized standards (imagined, verbally imposed and physically imposed) of
      various dimensions. All subjects showed instability of the comparison mechanism
      or long-term changes in the engram. About 66 per cent of the matches were
      performed with the same precision. The relative precision of the matches is
      almost independent of the size of the standard. The absolute precision of
      matching of dentate subjects is similar to that of edentulous subjects. In half
      of the experiments, the subjects showed a match that equals the magnitude of the
      verbal standard or the real standard. The subjects tend to give more accurate
      matches when they refer to a verbal standard than when they refer to a real
      standard, but the long-term instability of matching is much greater when the
      subjects refer to a verbal standard than when the subjects refer to a real
      standard.

PMID- 6575744
TI  - Control of sugar utilization in the oral bacteria Streptococcus salivarius and
      Streptococcus sanguis by the phosphoenolpyruvate: glucose phosphotransferase
      system.
AB  - Three different Strep. salivarius (G2, G5 and G29) and two Strep. sanguis (GS3
      and GS12) mutants affected in the phosphoenolpyruvate: glucose phosphotransferase
      system were selected on agar plates containing lactose and 2-deoxyglucose. All 5
      were defective in a membrane-bound component of the transport system and grew
      less rapidly than the parent strain in 5 mM glucose-containing medium. Mutants G2
      and G29 grew poorly in the presence of 5 mM mannose. Growth on mixed substrates
      revealed that the mutants and wild-type parents behaved differently. Wild-type
      strains in medium containing glucose plus another sugar (lactose, galactose,
      melibiose, raffinose or trehalose for Strep. salivarius and lactose, galactose or
      trehalose for Strep. sanguis) always exhausted most of the glucose before
      utilizing the other sugar. The mutants used the second sugar concurrently or
      preferentially to glucose. In medium containing glucose plus fructose or mannose,
      the wild types consumed both sugars concurrently whereas the mutants utilized the
      second sugar before glucose. Mutants G2 and G5 were insensitive to repression by
      fructose and released glucose into the medium when grown in the presence of 0.4
      per cent lactose. Mutant G5 also released galactose. Sugar release was not
      detected with the wild types. The Strep. salivarius mutants contained normal
      levels of glucokinase and beta-galactosidase but G5 was almost totally devoid of
      galactokinase activity after growth on lactose. On galactose, the activity was
      restored. It seems that the phosphoenolpyruvate: glucose phosphotransferase
      system is involved in the regulation of sugar utilization in these two
      streptococci.

PMID- 6575745
TI  - Architecture of minor salivary gland duct/lymphoid follicle associations and
      possible antigen-recognition sites in the monkey Macaca fascicularis.
AB  - In Macaca fascicularis, lymphoid follicles with germinal centres related to minor
      salivary gland ducts are frequently found in the mucosa of lips, cheeks and the
      soft palate. Three semi-three-dimensional reconstructions, each based on 3 sets
      of 230-300 serial Epon sections, of such duct/follicle-assemblies (2 in the soft
      palate and 1 in the lip) and electron microscopic observations were made. These
      revealed that (1) these structures were about 0.05-0.1 mm3 in size, (2) they were
      found preferentially at sites where small interlobular ducts fused to form a
      pelvis-like basin from which blind duct portions protruded into the surrounding
      lymphoid tissue and (3) they often included a germinal centre which partly
      embraced blind ducts. The walls of such blind ducts were heavily infiltrated by
      lymphocytes and in part blast-forming T-cells. Portions of the walls of
      interlobular and main secretory ducts, passing directly or peripherally through
      follicles, were also infiltrated with lymphocytes. The duct lumen within the
      follicles contained clusters of Gram-negative bacteria, probably rods. Based on
      these findings, it is argued that gland duct/follicle assemblies represent
      physiological entities, either formed and re-formed temporarily or of long
      standing nature, which may provide the locus (i.e. tonsillar microcrypt-like
      pouches) and the structural matrix necessary for local antigen recognition. The
      antigens (bacteria, macromolecules in salivary fluid, etc.) might enter the above
      structure by way of the secretory ducts. Such matrices may also exist in man.

PMID- 6575746
TI  - Retrograde access of antigens to the minor salivary glands in the monkey Macaca
      fascicularis.
AB  - Several authors have postulated that the ducts of minor salivary glands may
      provide pathways for the presentation of oral antigens to cells involved in a
      local immune response. This would imply a retrograde passage of oral antigens
      into the minor salivary glands. Various sites of the oral mucosa of anaesthesized
      M. fascicularis monkeys were labelled topically with a multiple tracer consisting
      of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), ferritin and Indian ink for a continuous period
      of 4-5 h. Serial cryosectioning of labelled lips and soft palates revealed
      retrograde passage of this tracer deep into some of the corresponding minor
      salivary glands. Minor salivary gland ducts can therefore serve as "portal of
      entry" for oral antigens, at least in the M. fascicularis monkey.

PMID- 6575747
TI  - Reproducibility of dental caries in BALB/c mice induced by the bacterium
      Streptococcus mutans.
AB  - Dental caries induced by infection with Strep. mutans C67-1 (serotype c) or
      Strep. mutans 50B4 (serotype d/g) and feeding a 30 per cent sucrose-containing
      diet was found mainly in fissures; smooth surface caries was not detected. A
      decrease in the mean caries score was observed with time, coinciding with lower
      recoveries of Strep. mutans at the end of the experimental period. The decrease
      in caries formation may be attributed to changes in some of the cariogenic
      properties of the individual Strep. mutans strains during maintenance in the
      laboratory, as re-isolation of the strains from caries-active mice yielded
      similar and reproducible caries scores to those in early experiments. Hence
      Balb/c mice can be used as an experimental model in caries research, provided
      that great care is taken in selecting and storing the bacteria.

PMID- 6575748
TI  - Microscopy of the dentine of enamel-free areas of rat molar teeth.
AB  - Dentine of the enamel-free areas (EFA) of first mandibular molar teeth of rats
      aged between 20-150 days was examined by scanning electron microscopy.
      Demineralized sections were stained with Gram-Twort's stain and examined for
      dental caries. In newly erupted teeth, a few dentinal tubules opened on the EFA
      surface. As teeth became worn down, extensive areas of EFA showed numerous patent
      tubules. In primary dentine, no occlusion or partial occlusion of tubules was
      apparent at any age except at the occlusal surface. It is postulated that this
      surface narrowing was caused either by dentine debris or salivary deposits. The
      only other covering of tubule openings appeared to be a thin salivary pellicle
      which in older animals was plaque-like. Patent tubules in primary dentine
      contained odontoblast processes which even in worn teeth extended to EFA
      surfaces. Processes in adjacent enamel-covered dentine also extended to the
      enamel-dentine junction. Only a few examples of bacterial invasion of EFA dentine
      were seen: in younger animals bacteria occupied cracks in the EFA surface, but in
      older animals they also occupied tubules. The EFA dentine does not appear to
      respond to attrition by infilling of the tubules; the persistence of vital
      odontoblast processes in worn teeth suggests that dead tract formation is not
      extensive. Continuous occlusal wear may restrict the progress of caries in EFA
      but odontoblasts in the rat may be also physiologically and immunologically
      involved in restricting the ingress of bacteria into otherwise poorly protected
      EFA.

PMID- 6575749
TI  - Fine structure of secretory ameloblasts in kitten tooth germs, with special
      regard to intercellular junctions as revealed by freeze-fracture.
AB  - Using both thin sectioning and freeze-fracture replication, junctional complexes
      at both proximal and distal ends of the cells consisted of tight junctions in
      close association with gap junctions and desmosomes. The tight junctions
      generally consisted of smooth, continuous rows of particles on the P-face and
      corresponding patterns of shallow grooves on the E-face of cell membranes. Though
      sealing of paracellular spaces around the ameloblasts in the proximal junctional
      complex was incomplete, there was complete sealing around the ameloblasts and
      well-developed meshwork structures of tight junctions in distal junctional
      complexes. Discontinuous and free-ending strands of tight junctions were frequent
      in junctional complexes, suggesting that ameloblast distal junctional complexes
      serve, not only as a barrier to high molecular passive substances through the
      ameloblast layer, but also as a channel for ions and low-molecular substances.
      Ameloblasts were firmly connected with stratum intermedium cells by desmosomes
      and gap junctions. The gap junctions on ameloblast basal and lateral surfaces
      probably function in intercellular transfer of ions and low-molecular substances
      between the stratum intermedium and ameloblasts and in control of ameloblast
      cytodifferentiation.

PMID- 6575750
TI  - Partial pulp resection increases unimpeded eruption rates of the rat incisor.
AB  - Thirty rats were divided into 3 equal groups. Following 9 days of induced
      unimpeded eruption, a single partial pulp resection was performed on the
      repeatedly-shortened lower left incisor of one group. A total of 3 resections,
      each repeated after 48 h, was performed on the animals in a second group. The
      lower left incisor was shortened but the pulp was not resected in the 3rd sham
      operated control group. Eruption rates of all of the incisors were recorded
      daily. Partial resection of the pulp increased the unimpeded rate of the
      experimental incisors in the first group by 50 per cent at 24 h after operation
      and an increase occurred 3 times in the second group of rats (by 45, 36 and 25
      per cent respectively). The rate returned to control levels 24 h later. No
      significant differences were observed between the eruption rates of the right
      maxillary and mandibular incisors of the animals in the 3 groups. The increased
      rate of eruption may be induced by local regulators from the traumatized pulp
      that are transmitted to components of the periodontal ligament which provide the
      force for eruption.

PMID- 6575751
TI  - Pregnancy-associated plasma protein levels at term in normal pregnancy,
      preeclampsia and essential hypertension.
AB  - The levels of protein associated with pregnancy (placental specific beta 1
      glycoprotein, SP1, and pregnancy associated -alpha 2- globulin, alpha 2-PAG),
      immune function (complement, C3c) and inflammation (ceruloplasmin, C), were
      studied at term in groups of patients with normal and complicated primigravid and
      multigravid pregnancy. The levels of SP1 and C3c were similar in all the groups
      studied. In patients matched for parity, the levels of alpha 2-PAG were
      significantly lower than normal in preeclamptic primigravidas and in
      multigravidas with a history of preeclampsia in their first pregnancy.
      Ceruloplasmin levels were significantly elevated in preeclampsia patients and in
      patients with essential hypertension. It is suggested that reduced plasma alpha 2
      PAG may be of prognostic value and have a role in the aetiology of preeclampsia
      whereas increased ceruloplasmin levels may be no more than an acute phase
      reactant resulting from pathological changes due to hypertension.

PMID- 6575752
TI  - Maternal alcohol, tobacco and cannabis consumption and the outcome of pregnancy.
AB  - In a prospective study of 7,301 births, associations were sought between maternal
      alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use and several adverse outcomes of pregnancy.
      Apparent effects of alcohol use on prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation,
      congenital abnormalities and low Apgar score were consistent with previously
      reported work, but were not statistically significant. Infants born to smokers
      had lower birthweights and were more prone to intrauterine growth retardation,
      but they did not appear to have an increased risk of prematurity or perinatal
      death. Only 36 women reported using cannabis 2 or more times a week, not merely
      as smokers of marijuana but also as users of the more potent resin forms of
      cannabis. Subsequently 25% of these women gave birth to premature infants.

PMID- 6575753
TI  - The management of antepartum haemorrhage (excluding placenta praevia).
AB  - A 3-year retrospective survey of patients presenting with an antepartum
      haemorrhage (APH) to The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, was undertaken. Cases
      of placenta praevia were excluded from the series. The overall perinatal
      mortality (PNM) was 14.5%. There were 98 patients with accidental haemorrhage
      (PNM 23.4%) and 101 patients with an APH of unknown aetiology (PNM 6%).
      Generalized uterine tenderness and tenseness were the most consistent features
      associated with imminent fetal compromise and it is in this group that an early
      resort to Caesarean section may be beneficial. The routine use of a clotting
      profile was found to be of little value, especially in patients with a mild
      haemorrhage.

PMID- 6575754
TI  - Term breech delivery--is a high Caesarean section rate justified?
AB  - The Caesarean section rate for breech presentation has fallen from 60% in 1978 to
      38% in 1980 at the University teaching hospital in Hong Kong. The number of
      Caesarean sections carried out for the indication of "unfavourable pelvis' in
      1980 was approximately half that in 1978. No significant difference in perinatal
      outcome was noted in the group delivered vaginally in these 2 years. It was
      concluded that a high Caesarean section rate in term breech presentation may not
      be justified in modern obstetric practice because of the associated increase in
      maternal morbidity. Many patients labelled as having an "unfavourable pelvis' can
      in fact have a safe vaginal breech delivery.

PMID- 6575755
TI  - Impacted shoulders--a personal experience.
AB  - Failure of the shoulders to follow readily after delivery of the head is a life
      threatening emergency for the mother and baby which is occasionally encountered
      by most obstetricians, and receives scant attention in current obstetric
      textbooks. This is a record of my personal experience of the condition, including
      7 patients in whom a destructive procedure was required.

PMID- 6575756
TI  - Adolescent primigravidae and their obstetric performance.
AB  - The obstetric performance of adolescent primigravidae in a major metropolitan
      teaching hospital was analysed retrospectively and found to be similar, if not
      superior, to that of a control group of primigravidae. This was surprising in
      view of the late antenatal presentation of the adolescents and their smaller
      physique. More low birth weight infants, however, were born to adolescent than to
      older primigravidae, although the perinatal mortality was not increased because
      of this.

PMID- 6575757
TI  - A comparison of intraamniotic prostaglandin and extraamniotic prostaglandin gel
      for midtrimester termination of pregnancy.
AB  - A comparison between midtrimester abortion induced by the intraamniotic injection
      of prostaglandin F2 alpha and abortion induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha in
      Tylose gel administered extraamniotically was made in a group of 40 patients. The
      induction-abortion interval in the extraamniotic group was 12.1 hours which was
      significantly shorter (P less than 0.001) than the intraamniotic group (27.6
      hours). The placenta was expelled completely more often and there were no
      cervical lacerations using the extraamniotic method whereas 2 patients required
      repair of cervical lacerations after intraamniotic prostaglandin. Extraamniotic
      administration of prostaglandin F2 alpha in Tylose gel is recommended as a safe
      and more effective method for inducing midtrimester abortion than intraamniotic
      prostaglandin.

PMID- 6575758
TI  - Acute appendicitis complicating pregnancy and the puerperium. A study of 5 cases.
AB  - This series of 5 cases of appendicitis complicating all stages of pregnancy and
      the puerperium illustrates particularly the potentially rapid course of the
      disease and the need to perform laparotomy on suspicion. Diagnosis may be aided,
      in later pregnancy, by the finding of pain increments when the fetus moves, as
      well as by the use of Alders test. Though a muscle-splitting incision over the
      point of maximal tenderness is usually suggested, we recommend a right paramedian
      incision when the fetus is viable as it gives greater flexibility.

PMID- 6575759
TI  - A double-blind trial of ethinyl oestradiol and norethisterone separately and
      together, in menopausal women.
AB  - In previous publications (Jones et al., 1977; Nordin et al., 1980) we have shown
      that menopausal symptoms respond well to 15 micrograms of ethinyl oestradiol and
      rather less well to 5 mg daily of norethisterone. We have not previously
      established whether even smaller doses of ethinyl oestradiol might be effective
      or whether combining this preparation with norethisterone might produce an
      additive effect. The present paper describes a trial designed to answer these
      questions.

PMID- 6575760
TI  - Menstrual pattern and fertility after treatment for anovulatory infertility.
AB  - Sixty-four patients who had been treated for anovulatory infertility and
      subsequently conceived were reviewed. Information was obtained on subsequent
      menstrual pattern, contraception used, treatment required to achieve a further
      pregnancy and the interval to any such pregnancy. Almost half the group had
      regular cycles following delivery but 2 patients had a recurrence of post oral
      contraceptive amenorrhoea. Most patients conceived without treatment within 2
      years of the initial pregnancy but 10 again required ovulation induction. It is
      concluded that there is no long-term irreversible suppression of hypothalamic
      function in this group of patients and, once a pregnancy has been achieved, the
      prognosis for future fertility without therapy is good.

PMID- 6575761
TI  - Ptyalism and partial hydatidiform mole associated with a normal term male fetus.
AB  - The case is described of a subfertile woman whose only successful pregnancy was
      complicated by the unusual combination of ptyalism and a partial hydatidiform
      mole. Review after delivery of an ultrasonic scan taken at 17 weeks showed the
      mole to be present at that time. A normal male child was delivered at term. It is
      concluded that there was no causal relationship between these 2 conditions.

PMID- 6575762
TI  - A giant lutein cyst in pregnancy.

PMID- 6575763
TI  - Risks or advantages of hormonal contraceptives.

PMID- 6575764
TI  - The utilization of prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis in Western Australia.
AB  - Prenatal cytogenetic diagnostic services for the whole of Western Australia are
      undertaken by 1 central department in Perth. The records of this unit have been
      used to calculate the utilization rates of amniocentesis by women aged 35 years
      or older at the estimated date of confinement for the 5-year period 1977-1981.
      During this time there were 5076 livebirths to mothers aged 35 years or more and
      1,408 pregnancies in this age group were cytogenetically monitored, giving an
      overall utilization rate of 28%. This rate is comparable to similar rates in
      other developed countries. Possible directions for future expansion of the
      service are suggested.

PMID- 6575765
TI  - Follow-up of attempted suicide in Christchurch.
AB  - Ninety-eight subjects who had attempted suicide and 102 general practice controls
      previously interviewed were followed-up at 18-24 months. The former continued to
      show greater social and psychiatric disability than controls and more than one
      third made repeat suicide attempts. Nevertheless, as a group, the attempted
      suicides showed significant improvement in mental state, and familial and
      interpersonal relationships, whereas controls reported little change in most
      measures. Persistence of suicidal ideation and repeat attempts were correlated
      with the diagnosis of psychosis and personality disorder and predictions about
      the likelihood of further suicidal activity were accurate. Although 92% of
      patients were referred for further treatment, 38% of these were judged to have
      dropped out prematurely. Completion of treatment and being in ongoing treatment
      were positively correlated with patients' self reports of improvement. The
      findings are compared to experience elsewhere and to a previous Christchurch
      follow-up study.

PMID- 6575766
TI  - The Squibb academic address. The innocent psychiatrist.

PMID- 6575767
TI  - Law reform, politics and mental health.
AB  - A major problem of democratic government is to get lawmakers to address
      controversial and sensitive subjects such as mental health law reform. By
      reference to current and past projects in the Australian Law Reform Commission,
      its Chairman outlines the way in which permanent law reform agencies can mobilise
      expert and community opinion to help the lawmaking process address sufficiently
      the needs of law reform. After outlining briefly the history of mental health law
      reform in English-speaking countries, the author suggests that moves for reform
      tend to come in 'cycles' or 'waves'. This is especially so in federations such as
      Australia. Reforms introduced in South Australia in 1976 are now working their
      way into the laws of other jurisdictions of Australia, where mental health law is
      basically a state concern. The reforms deal with such matters as legal
      representation for persons involuntarily committed and stricter definitions of
      circumstances for and objectives of hospitalisation of the mentally ill. Some
      comments are offered on new approaches to the defence of insanity in criminal
      trials following the jury verdict in the Hinkley case arising out of an attempt
      on the life of a President of the United States. The implications of this and
      other cases for the 'anti-psychiatry' movement are referred to and discussed. The
      author concludes with comments on the implications of mental health law reform
      for democracies. He suggests a law for law reform agencies in reconciling needs
      for law reform and community tolerance of change.

PMID- 6575768
TI  - Politics of mental health: circles or spirals.
AB  - A brief reference to history suggests that there is a recurrent alternation of
      providing service to the indigent disturbed through asylum, general hospital and
      community. Despite modern knowledge about mental health, public attitudes remain
      seriously prejudiced against this group of mentally ill, and political decisions
      reflect these attitudes. Many developments for the emotionally disturbed deny the
      needs of the most disturbed. This paper considers the alienation of the severely
      mentally ill, the fear about the mentally ill, the guilt about their care,
      community education about the mentally ill, the development of advocacy on their
      own behalf by the mentally ill, and therapeutic advances in their care. The
      paper, although pessimistic about the future, concludes with the hope that the
      combination of modern humanism, modern communication technology and therapeutic
      advances may lead to an improvement in the lives of 'hard core' chronically ill
      psychiatric patients.

PMID- 6575769
TI  - Psychosocial stress and ischaemic heart disease: a rejoinder to Boman's response.

PMID- 6575770
TI  - Psychotherapy and health insurance.
AB  - The Australian health insurance industry has been critical of psychiatry. The
      data on patterns of claims which have been the focus for some of their concerns
      are reviewed. The evidence on the efficacy of psychotherapy is also reviewed.
      Psychotherapy has been shown to be an effective treatment for persons with
      incapacitating neurotic and personality disorders, a treatment too important to
      be endangered by dissent over health insurance payments. Proposals for a peer
      review process for long term psychotherapy are mooted in the expectation that
      agreement between the health insurance industry and psychiatry would benefit
      those patients in need of psychotherapy.

PMID- 6575771
TI  - A comparative study of neurotic depression in symptomatic volunteers and
      psychiatric patients.
AB  - A comparative study of neurotic depression in 66 symptomatic community volunteers
      (SVs) and 43 formal psychiatric patients is reported. Compared to the psychiatric
      patients the SVs were older and there was a less marked female preponderance.
      Thier depression was of a longer duration and vegetative symptoms (e.g. appetite
      and weight loss) were less marked. They were less likely to have made a suicide
      attempt in the past, less likely to be single or divorced, and much less likely
      to have experienced a disruption in an intimate relationship in the preceding
      year. On personality measures the SVs rated as having a more internal locus of
      control and a higher self-esteem. An Index of Definition cut-off point of 5 or
      more on the PSE for a neurotic depressive 'case' is supported by the finding that
      only 2% of the patients, compared with 26% of the SVs, did not rate as 'cases'.

PMID- 6575772
TI  - Depressive illness as a presentation of primary lymphoma of the central nervous
      system.
AB  - A 65-year-old man was referred from a medical unit for psychiatric assessment of
      a depressive illness associated with intermittent vomiting. No organic disorder
      was identifiable after the initial clinical examination and extensive
      investigations. A primary lymphoma involving the limbic system was eventually
      detected on repeat CAT scan and was confirmed at autopsy. This tumour, which is
      increasing in incidence, is notoriously difficult to diagnose and frequently
      presents with combined psychological and organic symptoms. It may be
      radiosensitive if detected early enough.

PMID- 6575773
TI  - Tardive dyskinesia.

PMID- 6575774
TI  - Vietnam veterans.

PMID- 6575775
TI  - Unemployment and the avolitional syndrome.

PMID- 6575776
TI  - Agent Orange.

PMID- 6575777
TI  - Characterization and partial purification of a haemopoietic cell growth factor in
      WEHI-3 cell conditioned medium.
AB  - A myelomonocytic leukaemia cell line, WEHI-3, releases into its growth medium
      factors which stimulate the development of pluripotential cells,
      granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cells, megakaryocytic and erythroid progenitor
      cells. Also present is a factor which is essential for the continued
      proliferation in vitro of a variety of haemopoietic precursor cell lines of a
      granulocytic nature (FDC-P cells). Characterization of this growth factor has
      demonstrated that it is a glycoprotein of apparent Mr 25 800, in which the
      carbohydrate component appears to be important for activity. After several
      purification steps, there is an increase in specific activity of approx. 4000
      fold over the starting material. At each stage of purification, the factor
      necessary for the proliferation of FDC-P cells 'co-purifies' with activity which
      stimulates the proliferation and development of normal multipotential
      haemopoietic cells as well as megakaryocytic, erythroid and granulocytic
      committed progenitor cells. This 'co-purification' occurs to the extent that the
      multilineage stimulating factor and the FDC-P growth factor can be eluted from
      the same region of sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gels. Thus, evidence so
      far, using different starting methods and purification regimes, suggests that one
      molecule may have multiple activities on diverse cell types.

PMID- 6575778
TI  - Novel prostaglandin dehydrogenase in rat skin.
AB  - Present evidence suggests that skin is an important organ of prostaglandin
      metabolism. To clarify its role, the basic kinetics of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin
      dehydrogenase (PGDH) from rat skin were investigated with either NAD+ of NADP+ as
      co-substrate. Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)
      were used as substrates and preliminary studies were made of the inhibitory
      effects of the reduced co-substrates NADH and NADPH. A radiochemical assay was
      used in which [3H]PGF2 alpha or [14C]PGE2 were incubated with high-speed
      supernatant of rat skin homogenates. The substrate and products were then
      extracted by solvent partition, separated by t.l.c. and quantified by liquid
      scintillation counting. At linear reaction rates and at an NAD+ concentration of
      10 mM the mean apparent Km for PGF2 alpha was 24 microM with a mean apparent
      Vmax. of 9.8 nmol/s per litre of reaction mixture. For PGE2 the mean apparent Km
      was 8 microM, with a mean apparent Vmax, of 2.7 nmol/s per litre of reaction
      mixture. With NADP+ as a co-substrate at a concentration of 5 mM a mean apparent
      Km of 23 microM was obtained for PGF2 alpha with a mean apparent Vmax. of 5.2
      nmol/s per litre. For PGE2 values of 7.5 microM and 3.0 nmol/s per litre were
      obtained respectively. These results show that skin contains NAD+- and NADP+
      dependent PGDH. An important finding was that the NADP+-linked enzyme gave Km
      values for PGE2 that were considerably lower than those reported for NADP+-linked
      PGDH from other tissues. Furthermore, preliminary inhibition studies with the
      NAD+-linked PGDH system indicate that this enzyme is not only inhibited by NADH,
      but also by NADPH, a property not previously reported for NAD+-linked PGDH
      derived from other tissues.

PMID- 6575779
TI  - The interaction between lipid peroxidation and prostaglandin synthesis in rabbit
      kidney-medulla slices.
AB  - Lipid peroxidation induced by ascorbic acid and Fe2+ was inhibited by mepacrine
      (phospholipase A2 inhibitor) and aspirin (prostaglandin cyclo-oxygenase
      inhibitor) in rabbit kidney-medulla slices. Moreover, ascorbic acid and Fe2+
      potentiated the inhibitory effect on prostaglandin E2 formation by mepacrine, but
      they had no influence on prostaglandin E2 production decreased by aspirin. Lipid
      peroxidation induced by ascorbic acid and Fe2+ appears to be affecting the
      activity of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. These results suggest that lipid
      peroxidation is connected closely with the prostaglandin-generating system, and
      it has the potential to modulate the turnover of arachidonic acid and
      prostaglandin synthesis.

PMID- 6575780
TI  - Enzymatic sulfation of triglucosyl monoalkylmonoacylglycerol in rat salivary
      glands.
AB  - A sulfotransferase activity present in the cytosol fraction of rat submandibular
      and parotid salivary glands catalyzes the transfer of sulfate group from 3'
      phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate to C-6 of the terminal glucose residue of Glc
      alpha 1 leads to 6Glc alpha 1 leads to 6Glc alpha 1 leads to 3-1, (3)-0-alkyl-2-0
      acylglycerol to form sulfated triglucosyl glyceroglucolipid. The reaction
      proceeds at its optimum at pH 7.8, and requires the detergent Triton X-100, F1-
      and Mg2+. The enzyme does not catalyze the sulfation of glycosphingolipids. The
      apparent Km of the submandibular enzyme for triglucosyl glyceroglucolipid is 78.4
      microM, and that of parotid, 58.8 microM. Analysis of the permethylated 35S
      labeled enzymatic product demonstrated that the sulfate group is located at C-6
      of the terminal glucose residue.

PMID- 6575781
TI  - Rapid decrease in N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene sulfotransferase activity of
      liver cytosols from rats fed carcinogen.

PMID- 6575783
TI  - [Granulocytic sarcoma of the mediastinum].
AB  - The occurrence of a granulocytic sarcoma before any signs of leukemia is unusual
      and may pose confusing diagnostic problems. This report deals with such a case
      who presented with a mediastinal thymic tumor and superior vena cava syndrome.
      The authors emphasize the localization and the histological techniques that are
      utilized to ascertain the diagnosis.

PMID- 6575782
TI  - [N-Formimidoyl-thienamycin in Animal Studies].
AB  - The beta-lactam antibiotic thienamycin is rather unstable and is metabolized in
      man by renal dehydropeptidase-I. The derivatives of the antibiotic, especially N
      formimidoyl-thienamycin (MK-0787) are reported to be more resistant. The
      antibacterial activity of N-formimidoyl-thienamycin was tested by means of the
      infection- and therapy model of the acute, occlusive pyelonephritis in rats.
      Cefotaxime was used as control agent. Even with a low dosage a clear anti
      bacterial activity was proved with the E. coli- as well as especially with the
      Pseudomonas pyelonephritis. In our tests N-formimidoyl-thienamycin was more
      potent than cefotaxime.

PMID- 6575784
TI  - Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula at the Ponce Regional Hospital.

PMID- 6575785
TI  - [Mammographic patterns in Puerto Rico].

PMID- 6575786
TI  - Rehabilitation of patients with bone tumors treated by various methods including
      cryosurgery.

PMID- 6575787
TI  - [Pediatric electrocardiography (congenital dextrocardia)].

PMID- 6575788
TI  - The clinical, biochemical, operative and pathological analysis of 38 cases with
      primary hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 6575789
TI  - Incidence of hypothyroidism after radioiodine treatment for Graves disease.

PMID- 6575790
TI  - Pregnancy in the hyperthyroid patient.

PMID- 6575791
TI  - Thyroid gland suppressibility in patients treated with radioiodine for diffuse
      toxic goiter.

PMID- 6575792
TI  - [True hermaphroditism: presentation of 3 cases and review of the literature].

PMID- 6575793
TI  - [Fine needle aspiration of hypofunctioning thyroid nodules].

PMID- 6575794
TI  - [Cerebral vasospasm: comparison of contractile responses in isolated human and
      canine basilar arteries].
AB  - Differences between human and canine basilar arteries in contractile responses to
      various agents were studied in vitro. Human basilar arteries were obtained at
      postmortem. Serotonin or prostaglandin F2 alpha contracted greatly both human and
      canine basilar arteries. There was no difference between the two vessels in
      serotonin- or prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced contractions. In contrast, great
      differences were found between the two arteries in response to norepinephrine or
      hemoglobin. Human basilar arteries contracted markedly to norepinephrine while
      canine basilar arteries did not contract to norepinephrine. This data suggests
      that sympathetics might play a more important role in the genesis of vasospasm
      after subarachnoid hemorrhage than has been previously thought. Hemoglobin did
      not elicit a contraction in human basilar arteries whereas it produced marked
      contractions in canine basilar arteries. This result indicates that possible
      participation of hemoglobin as a causative agent in vasospasm could be ruled out.
      In view of these differences between human and canine cerebral arteries, the
      canine seems unsuitable for an experimental model of cerebral vasospasm.

PMID- 6575795
TI  - Women in dentistry.

PMID- 6575796
TI  - Endodontic treatment.

PMID- 6575797
TI  - Facial fractures and seat belts.

PMID- 6575798
TI  - Myofascial pain and migraine.

PMID- 6575799
TI  - The nature of restorative dental treatment decisions.

PMID- 6575800
TI  - Oral white plaques in uraemic patients.

PMID- 6575801
TI  - Conservative management of ameloblastoma in a young patient.

PMID- 6575802
TI  - The use of operating gloves in dental practice.

PMID- 6575803
TI  - Treatment and rehabilitation: Report of the Advisory Council on the Misuse of
      Drugs. 1982 (London: HMSO).

PMID- 6575804
TI  - The coordination of treatment services for problem drinkers: problems and
      prospects.

PMID- 6575805
TI  - Methodological problems in the analysis of temporal covariation between alcohol
      consumption and ischemic heart disease.

PMID- 6575806
TI  - Describing relationships in families with alcohol problems. The Family Relations
      Index: 1 graphic representation.

PMID- 6575807
TI  - Marital histories of women whose first husbands were alcoholic or antisocial.

PMID- 6575808
TI  - Hypercalcaemia and in vitro osteolysis associated with xenografts of squamous
      carcinomas of the tongue.

PMID- 6575809
TI  - Cellular abnormalities of folate deficiency.
AB  - To trace the development of folate-deficient abnormalities of morphology and DNA
      synthesis, Friend erythroleukaemia cells were grown in media containing 10(2),
      10(3) and 10(4) ng of [3H]PteGlu1/ml and then transferred to folate-free media.
      Parameters examined were: intracellular folate levels; growth potential;
      morphology; dU suppression; and DNA content by flow microfluorimetry. The most
      sensitive indicators of folate-deficient cell growth were those related to DNA
      synthesis (dU and flow microfluorimetry). These became abnormal at intracellular
      folate levels of 0.2-0.5 ng/10(6) cells and markedly so below 0.1 ng/10(6) cells.
      Morphological criteria were less sensitive. Cells became megaloblastic at
      intracellular folate levels below 0.06 ng/10(6). The capacity of the cells to
      replicate in folate-free media was a function of the intracellular folate (ICF):
      duplications = 4.01 + ln(ICF)/0.67 (r = 0.993, P less than 0.001). These studies
      demonstrate that regardless of initial intracellular folate levels, cellular
      stigmata of folate deficiency appear when cellular folate falls below 3 X 10(5)
      molecules per cell (dU and flow microfluorimetry) and cells lose the capacity for
      further replication below 7-10 X 10(5) molecules. The intracellular folate level
      not only predicts early defects, but also determines the replicative capacity.

PMID- 6575810
TI  - Iron metabolism in murine erythroleukaemic cells.
AB  - In an attempt to develop a model system for analysing iron metabolism in a
      relatively homogeneous population of early red cell precursors, the intracellular
      distribution of 59Fe was examined in Friend murine erythroleukaemic cells after
      induction of haemoglobin synthesis with dimethylsulphoxide. After incubation of
      the cells with 59Fe-labelled transferrin, 59Fe was incorporated into haemoglobin,
      various ferritin fractions, and into the pellet obtained by centrifugation. No
      intracellular transferrin or low molecular weight compounds were found. In a
      series of 'chase' experiments 59Fe accumulated in haem, and some of this
      radioactivity appeared to be derived from the ferritin fraction. Extra iron could
      be mobilized from ferritin during chase experiments using iron deficient
      incubation medium. These studies indicated that, at least under these
      experimental conditions, ferritin iron in early red cell precursors can be
      utilized for haemoglobin synthesis.

PMID- 6575811
TI  - Effect of cervical application of prostaglandin (PG) E2 on plasma 13,14-dihydro
      15-keto-PGF2 alpha and oxytocin in pregnant women at term.
AB  - The concentrations of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) and
      oxytocin were measured by radioimmunoassay in the peripheral plasma of 21 women
      with low Bishop scores in whom cervical ripening and labour were induced with a
      cervical cap containing 1.5 mg of prostaglandin (PG) E2, left in place for 6 h.
      Blood samples were taken before and at 3, 6, 9 and 24 h after the cap was
      applied. Four women (control group) had a cap without PGE2. Labour began in 13
      women receiving PGE2, 12 of whom were delivered within 24 h. In these women
      plasma PGFM rose progressively to levels seen during spontaneous labour,
      paralleling the changes in cervical dilatation. The increase became significant
      at 6 h, when cervical dilatation was 4.5 cm (SEM 0.5). Plasma oxytocin also
      increased significantly while the cap was in place and then decreased. Plasma
      PGFM and oxytocin did not change in the control subjects, and in the eight women
      needing further induction of labour the initial rises were transient and not
      statistically significant.

PMID- 6575812
TI  - Degrees of injury to the inferior alveolar nerve sustained during the removal of
      impacted mandibular third molars by the lingual split technique.

PMID- 6575813
TI  - An unusual presentation of orbital floor fracture.

PMID- 6575814
TI  - Some interesting complications of a malar bone fracture.
AB  - A case is described of the treatment of a malar bone fracture which was
      complicated by the development of a lower eyelid abscess, dehiscence and
      discharge from the temporal wound and prolapse of necrotic temporal fascia.

PMID- 6575815
TI  - The irreducible middle third fracture, a problem in management.

PMID- 6575816
TI  - Immunology and oral cancer.
AB  - This paper summarises the evidence for the involvement of the immune response in
      the development of neoplasia, discusses the immunological abnormalities found in
      patients with head and neck carcinoma, and outlines recent attempts at treatment
      of patients with head and neck carcinoma by modulation of the immune response
      (immunotherapy).

PMID- 6575817
TI  - The surgical anatomy of secondary cleft lip and palate deformity and its
      significance in reconstruction.
AB  - This paper discusses the significance of the surgical anatomy of the adult cleft
      deformity in reconstruction. The essential asymmetry of the unilateral cleft is
      explained and methods suggested for reconstruction in three categories of cases;
      those with simple alveolar defects; those with additional retroposition of the
      maxillae; and those with vertical maxillary deficiency. The indications for two
      stage osteotomies are presented. Finally a new surgical approach for osteotomy of
      the premaxilla in bilateral clefts is described and illustrated.

PMID- 6575818
TI  - Cranio-facial and dental anomalies in the Branchio-Skeleto-Genital (BSG) syndrome
      with suggestions for more appropriate nomenclature.
AB  - A Syndrome combining developmental, facial, skeletal, dental and genital
      abnormalities previously reported as the Branchio-Skeleto-Genital (BSG) Syndrome
      is discussed and the dental anomalies described more fully. The dentine dysplasia
      does not fit into the Shield's classification type I or II. The prefix Branchio-
      is misleading and suggestion is made of a more appropriate nomenclature.

PMID- 6575820
TI  - The anchorage bend in the Begg technique.
AB  - The anchorage bend is an essential feature of the Begg technique. The factors
      which affect the degree of the anchorage bend include operator preferences as
      well as certain mechanical features of the case being treated. A test jig was
      constructed so as to be able to measure on the bench the intrusive forces
      developed by an anchorage bend over the six anterior teeth for a selection of
      different archwires. The amount of force developed was proportional to the degree
      of anchorage bend and also to the diameter of the archwire. The jig was modified
      in order to measure the frictional resistance to distal movement generated by the
      anchorage bend. The resistance was found to be greater than the usually quoted
      forces designed to slide the upper archwire distally. An oval tube was placed on
      to the test jig and doubled back archwires used. A reduction in intrusive force
      for a particular degree of anchorage bend was seen although frictional resistance
      was not affected when using doubled back archwires.

PMID- 6575819
TI  - Lip and mentalis activity and its influence on incisor position--a quantitative
      electromyographic study.
AB  - In order to investigate both the relationship between perioral muscular activity
      and tooth position and also the clinical indicators of this activity, two
      quantitative EMG studies were carried out. The first investigated the
      reproducibility of the method in 16 adults. Subsequently, a study employing the
      same protocol was conducted on 41 subjects with untreated malocclusions. Activity
      was measured during speech, whilst chewing biscuit, swallowing saliva, resting,
      and in those subjects with incompetent lips, during lip-seal. In addition to the
      EMG recordings, measurements were taken from study models, lateral skull
      radiographs and of the clinical lip heights. In general between visits random
      variability was sufficiently small for the method to be applied experimentally.
      The results suggest that the effects of perioral muscular activity are determined
      by the presence or absence of competent lips. This was despite similar levels of
      activity in both groups except during chewing. Resting activity did influence
      incisor position in subjects with competent lips but the intermittent activity
      from chewing, speaking and swallowing, did not. No clinical indicators of the
      level of perioral activity were found.

PMID- 6575821
TI  - Co-ordinate grids for three-dimensional facial measurements.
AB  - Alternative methods for recording the shape of the facial soft tissue integument
      in three dimensions are discussed. The requirements for and problems associated
      with head positioning are indicated, and a technique is described by which head
      positioning errors can be overcome. The results of three-dimensional analysis of
      a sample of human subjects are described, with particular reference to the method
      of analysis and orientation planes selected. Finally, possible clinical uses for
      three-dimensional recording are suggested.

PMID- 6575822
TI  - The feasibility and validity of orthodontic screening of children in their tenth
      year.
AB  - The study set out to investigate the problems of the implementation of the Court
      Report's suggestion that every child in its tenth year be screened for
      orthodontic treatment by "a dentist with special training in orthodontics' using
      Grainger's Treatment Priority Index (TPI). The study was divided into two parts.
      The standardization exercises used 31 orthodontic models of children in their
      tenth year. The problem of examiner variability, using a Community Dental Officer
      instead of an orthodontist and of bias that the TPI might have were examined. The
      main study involved the examination of 362 children in ten separate schools in
      Oxfordshire and investigated the problem of orthodontic screening at annual
      school inspections. The findings showed that the TPI may be able to provide a
      method for screening children in their tenth year if the weights of the clinical
      entities which are reducing the level of validity of the TPI are identified. The
      problem of scoring tooth displacements consistently would have to be taken into
      consideration when training personnel to use the TPI.

PMID- 6575823
TI  - Skeletal changes during the treatment of Class II/I malocclusions.
AB  - Three groups of Class II/I patients were compared where treatment was carried out
      using Begg, Andresen and removable appliance techniques. Skeletal growth, as
      assessed by the dimensions S-Me, N-Me, ALFH and Me-Ar did not show any difference
      between the groups. All three groups showed an apparent improvement in skeletal
      pattern during treatment.

PMID- 6575824
TI  - Orthodontic treatment--time for a change?
AB  - There was a fall in the birthrate in England and Wales from 1964 until 1977 from
      875,972 to 569,259 per annum. This short paper draws attention to the
      implications for the provision of orthodontic treatment and suggests that, since
      fewer patients are likely to present for treatment, an opportunity exists to
      improve the standard of care provided.

PMID- 6575825
TI  - Tooth resorption in the two-stage transplantation technique--a case report.
AB  - A case is reported in which considerable external resorption of the crown of a
      lateral incisor occurred during storage in a buccal pouch.

PMID- 6575826
TI  - The crown to root angle of maxillary central incisors in different incisal
      classes.
AB  - The angulation of the maxillary central incisor crown to its root has been
      measured in 191 patients representing the four classes of incisor malocclusion.
      Significant differences were only found between Class II Division 1 and Class II
      Division 2 groups.

PMID- 6575827
TI  - A modified lower removable appliance using lingual clasping and soft tissue
      anchorage.
AB  - A lower removable appliance utilizing a buccal baseplate and lingual clasps is
      described. Its successful use is illustrated with a case history.

PMID- 6575828
TI  - Two modifications of fixed appliances.
AB  - The use of a 1.0 mm auxiliary archwire to reinforce anchorage  and provide an
      attachment for an orthodontic force is described. The use of tie-back circles in
      flexible archwires to stabilize long buccal spans is described.

PMID- 6575829
TI  - The development of removable appliances in the United Kingdom.

PMID- 6575830
TI  - Binding of metal cyanide complexes to bovine liver rhodanese in the crystalline
      state.
AB  - Bovine liver rhodanese, which catalyzes the transfer of sulfur atoms between a
      variety of sulfur donor and sulfur acceptor substrates, is inhibited by metal
      cyanide complexes [Volini, M., Van Sweringen, B., & Chen, F.-Sh. (1978) Arch.
      Biochem. Biophys. 191, 205-215]. Crystallographic studies are described which
      reveal the binding mode of four different metal cyanides to bovine liver
      rhodanese: Na[Au(CN2], K2[Pt(CN)4], K2[Ni(CN)4], and K2[Zn(CN)4]. It appears that
      these complexes bind at one common site at the entrance of the active site
      pocket, interacting with the positively charged side chains of Arg-186 and Lys
      249. This observation explains the inhibition of rhodanese by this class of
      compounds. For the platinum and nickel cyanide complexes virtually no other
      binding sites are observed. The gold complex binds, however, to three additional
      cysteine residues, thereby also displacing the extra sulfur atom which was bound
      to the essential Cys-247 in the sulfur-rhodanese complex. The zinc complex binds
      to completely different additional sites and forms complexes with the side chains
      of Asp-101 and His-203. Possible reasons for these different binding modes are
      discussed in terms of the preference for "hard" and "soft" ligands of these four
      metal ions.

PMID- 6575831
TI  - Myocardial xanthine oxidase/dehydrogenase.
AB  - High-energy phosphates in heart muscle deprived of oxygen are rapidly broken down
      to purine nucleosides and oxypurines. We studied the role of xanthine
      oxidase/dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.3.2/EC 1.2.1.37) in this process with novel high
      pressure liquid chromatographic techniques. Under various conditions, including
      ischemia and anoxia, the isolated perfused rat heart released adenosine, inosine
      and hypoxanthine, and also substantial amounts of xanthine and urate.
      Allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, greatly enhanced the release of
      hypoxanthine. From the purine release we calculated that the rat heart contained
      about 18 mU xanthine oxidase per g wet weight. Subsequently, we measured a
      xanthine oxidase activity of 9 mU/g wet wt. in rat-heart homogenate. When
      endogenous low molecular weight inhibitors were removed by gel-filtration, the
      activity increased to 31 mU/g wet wt. Rat myocardial xanthine oxidase seems to be
      present mainly in the dehydrogenase form, which upon storage at -20 degrees C is
      converted to the oxidase form.

PMID- 6575832
TI  - [Properties of two forms of ferredoxin from Rhodopseudomonas capsulata].
AB  - Electrophoretically homogenous preparations of two forms of ferredoxin were
      isolated from the nitrogen-fixing cells of the purple non-sulphur bacterium
      Rhodopseudomonas capsulata B10. The values of Mr for ferredoxins I and II are
      12000 and 18000, respectively. Ferredoxin I contains 8 atoms of Fe+2 and 8 atoms
      of S2-; ferredoxin II--4 atoms of Fe2+ and 4 atoms of S2- per molecule. The
      ferredoxins differ also in their absorption spectra, stability and catalytic
      activity during electron transfer to nitrogenase of Rh. capsulata. The reduction
      of C2H2 and evolution of H2 in the presence of ferredoxin I occurs twice as fast
      as compared to that in the presence of ferredoxin II. Ferredoxin I synthesis
      takes place in the nitrogen-fixing cells of Rh. capsulata alone, whereas
      ferredoxin II formation does not depend on the growth conditions.

PMID- 6575833
TI  - Relaxin enhances synchronization of parturition induced with prostaglandin F2
      alpha in swine.
AB  - To investigate the effects of relaxin on induction of parturition in swine, 59
      sows and gilts were randomly allotted within parity to 4 treatment groups.
      Control animals were injected with saline while the other 3 groups received
      prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF, 10 mg i.m.) at 0800 h on Day 112 of gestation to
      induce luteolysis and parturition. Relaxin (600 U i.m.) was administered either
      on Day 111 or on both Days 110 and 111 to 2 groups of sows receiving PGF. All
      farrowings were attended and the time of delivery of each piglet was recorded.
      PGF injection on Day 112 of gestation induced parturition in 43 of 44 treated
      animals. The interval (mean +/- SD) from Day 112 to parturition in control
      animals was 70 +/- 30 h and this was decreased to 30 +/- 9 h with PGF alone. When
      relaxin was administered prior to PGF on Day 111 or on both Days 110 and 111,
      parturition occurred after 26 +/- 4 or 27 +/- 3 h, respectively. Thus, relaxin
      treatment had little effect on reducing the interval to parturition, but improved
      the synchrony of onset of farrowing as indicated by a decrease (P less than 0.01)
      in variation. Relaxin pretreatment prevented any instances of delayed parturition
      (after 35 h) which occurred in 1/3 of the cases in response to PGF alone. This
      variation in response appeared unrelated to parity of sow. The mechanism by which
      relaxin enhanced the synchronous onset of parturition after PGF treatment in
      swine is unknown, but the most likely suggestions are through sensitization of
      the uterus to the withdrawal of progesterone and the well-known effects of
      relaxin on cervical dilatation.

PMID- 6575834
TI  - Induction of porcine uterine estrogen sulfotransferase activity by progesterone.
AB  - Studies have been carried out which were designed to examine the hormonal
      requirement for the appearance of estrogen sulfotransferase activity in porcine
      uteri. Mature, ovariectomized (OVX) gilts were housed for 3 weeks before being
      treated with various regimens of estradiol-17 beta (E2) and progesterone (P).
      Uteri were then removed, minced, incubated for 2 h with [3H] E2 (10(-8) M) and
      Na2 35SO4 (10(-4) M) and the labeled metabolic products were extracted and
      analyzed. Endometrial samples were also taken for the determination of E2 and P
      cytoplasmic and nuclear receptors (R). It was found that 4 daily injections of
      250 micrograms of E2 was sufficient to bring plasma E2 concentrations to that
      representative of a normal estrous cycle (approx. 30 pg/ml) and to induce
      cytoplasmic PR to high levels (7000--19000 fmol/mg DNA). Estrogen
      sulfotransferase activity, which was negligible in OVX and E2-treated pigs,
      increased to near normal secretory levels (4 pmol product/h per 0.4 g tissue)
      only in pigs primed with E2 and subsequently treated with E2 and P (25--250
      mg/day, 3 days). This treatment also brought about the translocation of PR to the
      nuclear compartment. The steroid alcohol sulfotransferase activity in these
      tissues decreased upon ovariectomy and remained unaffected by the hormone
      treatments. Endometria from treated and untreated pigs were cultured for a period
      up to 7 days. During this time E2 (10(-8) M) induced and/or maintained PR and P
      (10(-6) M) was shown to stimulate estrogen sulfurylation concomitant with the
      translocation of PR to the nucleus. These studies have demonstrated that, in OVX
      pigs and endometrial cultures, P stimulated uterine estrogen sulfotransferase
      activity to a level normally found in secretory uteri. In order for P to bring
      about elevated levels of estrogen sulfurylation it was necessary that the
      endometrium contain adequate concentrations of cytoplasmic PR (which required E2
      priming of the system) and the P receptor complex must display nuclear
      translocation.

PMID- 6575835
TI  - Membrane homeostasis: is there an optimum level of membrane cholesterol?
AB  - The hypothesis is proposed that the relationship between the level of cholesterol
      in a cellular or sub-cellular membrane and the activity of any membrane function
      affected by cholesterol is ogival in nature, i.e, there is an optimum level of
      membrane cholesterol at which functional activity is maximal, and above or below
      this level activity declines. Data already published from other laboratories,
      when analysed in this manner, show clearly that this hypothesis appears to hold
      true for at least several membrane-bound systems, in particular the microsomal
      enzyme cerebroside sulfotransferase and transmembrane ATP/ADP exchange and
      glucose transport.

PMID- 6575836
TI  - Comparison of central nervous system prophylaxis with cranial radiation and
      intrathecal methotrexate versus intrathecal methotrexate alone in acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis
      with cranial irradiation plus 5 doses of intrathecal methotrexate (i.t. MTX)
      reduces the incidence of CNS relapse to 7%-15%. However, increased evidence of
      CNS delayed toxicity started to be recognized as CT scan abnormalities and
      neuropsychologic alterations, mainly in children. Two questions were analyzed in
      the present report: (1) Will further doses of i.t. methotrexate and dexamethasone
      (i.t. MTX-DMT) decrease the incidence of CNS relapse in patients treated early in
      remission with cranium irradiation plus i.t. MTX-DMT even more? (2) Is i.t. MTX
      DMT given during induction and maintenance equally as effective as cranium
      irradiation plus i.t. MTX-DMT? A randomized study was designed to answer the
      first question. Incidence of primary CNS relapse in i.t. MTX-DMT-treated patients
      with a WBC count less than 50,000 was 11% (15 of 135 patients) and was 11% (17 of
      150) in the untreated group. In patients with a WBC count greater than 50,000, it
      was 16% (6/37) in the treated group and 19% (6/31) in the control group. No
      difference was observed according to treatment in both prognostic groups.
      Patients in this study were retrospectively compared with a consecutive protocol
      in which patients received 3 doses of i.t. MTX-DMT alone during induction plus 3
      doses weekly during the first month of remission and every 3 mo thereafter. The
      incidence of primary CNS leukemia at 60 mo in patients with a WBC count less than
      50,000 was 20% in the irradiated group and 32% in the group with i.t. MTX-DMT
      alone. This difference was not significant. However, the relapse-free survival at
      60 mo was 26% and 41%, respectively, (p less than 0.0005). The incidence of
      primary CNS relapse in patients with a WBC count more than 50,000 at 48 mo was
      28% in the irradiated group and 42% in the nonirradiated group. The difference
      was not significant. The duration of complete remission was similar, remaining at
      15% and 16% of patients disease-free at 48 mo, respectively. We conclude that (A)
      after cranial irradiation plus i.t. MTX-DMT X 5, the use of additional doses of
      i.t. MTX-DMT is not of further benefit in preventing CNS relapse; (B) the use of
      i.t. MTX-DMT alone compares similarly with cranial irradiation plus i.t. MTX-DMT
      in the incidence of CNS relapse; and (C) relapse-free survival and survival in
      patients with a WBC count less than 50,000 were significantly longer in those
      without cranial irradiation.

PMID- 6575837
TI  - Chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia in children and adults: VAPA update.
AB  - We designed a protocol (VAPA) that featured 14 mo of intensive postremission
      induction chemotherapy in an effort to improve remission durations for patients
      with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). One hundred and seven patients under 50 yr
      of age were entered into this study. The rate of complete remission is 70%. A
      Kaplan-Meier analysis of patients entering remission predicts that 56% +/- 7% (+/
      SE) of patients less than 18 yr and 45% +/- 9% of patients aged 18-50 yr will
      remain in remission at 3 yr (median follow-up is 43 mo). Patients with the
      monocytic subtype had a statistically significant shorter duration of remission
      (2-sided p less than 0.05). There was a high incidence of primary CNS relapse in
      children. Thirty-one of 41 patients who completed the regimen remain in remission
      without maintenance therapy. We conclude that the VAPA protocol continues to
      offer a promising approach to treatment of AML.

PMID- 6575838
TI  - Proliferative potential of subpopulations of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor
      cells in normal subjects and chronic myelogenous leukemia patients.
AB  - The studies described compare the subpopulations of granulocyte-macrophage
      progenitor cells present in normal marrow with those derived from the marrow of
      patients with Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The subpopulations
      were separated on the basis of size by velocity sedimentation and measured for
      their proliferative capacity by the colony formation technique. A pattern of
      development of colonies in the individual fractions was obtained by assaying the
      absolute number of colonies present at time intervals from 3 to 21 days. The
      number of colonies present at 3 days was taken as 100%, and the percentage of
      increase or decrease from this value was determined on subsequent days. In the
      fractions containing the most rapidly sedimenting large cells, the pattern of
      development of colonies derived from normal and CML marrow was similar. The CML
      colony-forming units in culture (CFU-C) began to show a deviation from the normal
      CFU-C pattern of development in the fractions containing CFU-C intermediate in
      size, and this deviation became progressively more pronounced in the slowest
      sedimenting small cell fractions. In these latter fractions, the CFU-C derived
      from CML marrow decreased in number at a rate similar to those arising from the
      more rapidly sedimenting fractions. This is in contrast to CFU-C derived from
      normal marrow, which increased in number in the more slowly sedimenting fractions
      and in the intermediate fractions, remained constant in number, or decreased at a
      rate slower than those arising from the more rapidly sedimenting fractions. The
      most likely explanation for these findings is accelerated maturation of the early
      small granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells in CML so that these cells show the
      same limited proliferative capacity as do the later larger progenitor cells.

PMID- 6575839
TI  - Expression of multiple isozymes of granulocyte, monocyte, and macrophage
      esterases in polycythemic Friend erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - We examined the expression of cytochemical markers of myeloid and monocyte
      macrophage differentiation in conjunction with ultrastructural studies of
      different malignant erythroleukemic cells isolated from mice infected with the
      Friend polycythemic virus complex (FLV-P). The amounts of fluoride-sensitive and
      resistant nonspecific esterase activity increased with the progression of
      malignancy. Isoelectric focusing resolved this enzyme activity into 13 isozymes
      in the most malignant Friend cell type tested. These same isozymes were found in
      the adherent cell population of normal spleens. Two of these isozymes were shown
      to have chloroacetate esterase activity characteristic of granulocytes. Despite
      these myeloid and monocyte characteristics, light and electron microscopy showed
      no morphological evidence of differentiation in either of these lineages. This
      study demonstrates that the Friend erythroleukemic cell contains markers of three
      different hemopoietic cell types. The expression of myeloid, monocytic, and
      erythroid traits in these erythroleukemic cells can be used to monitor their
      malignant progression.

PMID- 6575840
TI  - Analysis of isoenzyme patterns of acid phosphatase in acute leukemias.
AB  - The status of acid phosphatase isoenzymes was evaluated in cells of patients with
      acute lymphocytic leukemias or lymphomas by analytical isoelectric focusing in
      polyacrylamide gels (IEF) on horizontal thin-layer slabs. The isoenzyme patterns
      were correlated with routine immunological cell surface markers and the
      relationship of enzyme activity to specific immunological subclasses of ALL is
      discussed. By isoelectric focusing up to five isoenzyme groups (I-V) containing
      several isoenzyme were observed. No leukemia specific or additional isoenzyme
      could be demonstrated. This biochemical characterization showed a marked
      heterogeneity within two major immunologic subgroups indicating that various
      differentiation stages of cell maturation could be involved in cALL and T-ALL.
      According to their degree of maturation along T-cell differentiation axis the
      leukemic cells displayed no enzyme activity, weak isoenzyme bands or the
      incomplete or complete isoenzyme pattern seen with normal lymphocytes from human
      tonsils which were used as controls. The investigation of specific enzymatic
      patterns can lead to a further definition of subsets of acute leukemias and give
      insight into lymphopoietic differentiation.

PMID- 6575841
TI  - Two new estrogen-supersensitive variants of the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell
      line.
AB  - Two new estrogen-sensitive variants of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, CG-4 and
      CG-5, are described in this report. These cells were derived from a casual
      contamination by MCF-7 cells of primary cultures from a human adenocarcinoma of
      the breast and a pleural effusion of a patient with advanced breast cancer,
      respectively. Careful characterization of these variants revealed chromosomal
      properties highly similar to and alloenzyme phenotypes identical to those of MCF
      7 cells which were simultaneously cultured in the laboratory. MCF-7, CG-4 and CG
      5 cells were tested for estrogen responsiveness under identical growth
      conditions, that is in the presence of culture medium supplemented with 5%
      charcoal-treated serum. While the number of MCF-7 cells increases by about 40%
      over the controls in the presence of physiological concentrations of estradiol,
      the number of CG-4 cells doubles and the number of CG-5 cells triples. All these
      cell lines have approximately the same number of estrogen, androgen,
      glucocorticoid, and progesterone receptor sites/cell. Since several difficulties
      arise in demonstrating the estrogen responsive growth stimulation of currently
      available human breast cancer cells, these two new variants, characterized by a
      high and reproducible estrogen responsiveness, afford a new model for studying
      the mechanisms by which estrogen regulates cell proliferation. The problems
      related to the careful characterization of every established cell line are
      discussed.

PMID- 6575842
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies for radioimmunodetection of tumours and for targeting.
AB  - A monoclonal antibody 791T/36 prepared against human osteogenic sarcoma has been
      used to detect primary and metastatic colorectal carcinomas by external imaging
      of patients following injection of 131I-labelled antibody. In 10 of 11 patients
      radiolabelled 791T/36 antibody localized in tumours, the tumour: non tumour ratio
      of radioactivity ranging from 1.5:1 to 8.1. 791T/36 antibody was also evaluated
      for its potential for targeting anti-tumour agents including cytotoxic drugs
      (Vindesine) and immunomodulating agents (interferon0. Vindesine-791T/36
      conjugates were preferentially cytotoxic in vitro for target cells expressing the
      791T/36 antibody defined antigen. Also interferon conjugated to 791T/36 antibody,
      like free interferon activated peripheral blood natural killer cell activity.
      These in vitro tests together with related studies on antibody localization in
      vivo indicate the potential of monoclonal antibody targeting of anti-tumour
      agents.

PMID- 6575843
TI  - Obtention of rat monoclonal antibodies reactive with human leukaemic
      lymphoblasts.
AB  - The Louvain rat-rat hybridoma technology was used to analyse membrane antigens
      present on human leukaemic lymphoblasts. Three fusions directed against non T non
      B leukaemic lymphoblasts finally yielded 42 distinct, stable, and specific
      antibody-secreting hybridomas. The cellular and molecular specificities of these
      monoclonal antibodies are still under investigation. However, a striking feature
      of our preliminary characterization is the obtention, in single fusions, of
      several distinct hybridomas that secrete antibodies binding to the same membrane
      molecule.

PMID- 6575844
TI  - Laser trabeculoplasty in the exfoliation syndrome.

PMID- 6575845
TI  - Coronary artery spasm: analysis of seventy-one patients.

PMID- 6575846
TI  - Intrapartum management of twin gestation: what is best for the second and the
      small?

PMID- 6575847
TI  - Experimental radiation cataract--its clinical relevance.

PMID- 6575848
TI  - Typical diagnostic and therapeutic errors in Manhattan shared health facilities.

PMID- 6575849
TI  - Statement and resolution on the setting of obstetrical delivery.

PMID- 6575850
TI  - Bulimia nervosa.

PMID- 6575851
TI  - Influence of extracellular calcium and calcium antagonists on contractions
      induced by potassium and prostaglandin F2 alpha in isolated cerebral and
      mesenteric arteries of the cat.
AB  - 1 The effects of a number of calcium antagonists (diltiazem, nifedipine,
      nimodipine and verapamil) have been studied on feline isolated pial arteries
      contracted by potassium (127 mM) or prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha, 2.5
      microM) and mesenteric arteries contracted by potassium (127 mM). 2 Withdrawal of
      Ca2+ from the extracellular medium for 30 min reduced the contractile response to
      potassium in cerebral vessels by 92% and in mesenteric vessels by 96%. Subsequent
      addition of Ca2+ caused reproducible contractions which were inhibited by both
      nifedipine and nimodipine. 3 The four calcium antagonists relaxed the isolated
      middle cerebral artery contracted either by potassium or PGF2 alpha, and
      mesenteric arteries contracted by potassium, in the following order of potency:
      nimodipine greater than nifedipine greater than verapamil greater than diltiazem.
      4 Nimodipine was more potent than nifedipine in cerebral arteries, and more
      potent in cerebral than in mesenteric arteries. Otherwise, the potassium
      contracted cerebral and mesenteric vessels showed no major differences in
      sensitivity to calcium antagonists.

PMID- 6575852
TI  - Characterization and partial purification of 'renocortins': two polypeptides
      formed in renal cells causing the anti-phospholipase-like action of
      glucocorticoids.
AB  - 1 Anti-inflammatory steroids reduce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis in rat
      renomedullary interstitial cells in culture by inhibiting the release of
      arachidonic acid from membranous phospholipid stores, exhibiting
      antiphospholipase-like properties. 2 After treatment of the cells with
      dexamethasone 10(-6)M, these cells release a protein in the supernatant. 3 This
      supernatant is able to inhibit PGE2 secretion in untreated cells and to inhibit
      phospholipase A2 activity in an in vitro system. 4 Using chromatofocusing
      separation, we showed that two distinct proteins exist with isoelectric points of
      5.8 and 8.3. 5 Using gel permeation separation, we showed that two proteins exist
      with apparent molecular weights of 15,000 and 30,000 daltons. 6 We conclude that,
      in renal cells in culture, anti-inflammatory steroids induce the synthesis and
      the release of two polypeptides which we have named 'Renocortins' (induced by
      corticoids in renal cells) causing the antiphospholipase-like action of
      glucocorticoids. 7 Our results are in good agreement with others, but as renal
      cells are not directly involved in the inflammatory process, we suggest that this
      steroid-induced phenomenon is not solely involved in the inflammatory reaction
      but is of more general physiological relevance.

PMID- 6575853
TI  - Japan and dentistry.

PMID- 6575855
TI  - Philosophy in dentistry.

PMID- 6575854
TI  - Tracking the Tooth Fairy: blazing the way.

PMID- 6575856
TI  - Recall: the practice reinforcer.

PMID- 6575857
TI  - Clinical course and response to treatment of patients with acute myelogenous
      leukemia presenting with a high leukocyte count.
AB  - The natural history and response to treatment of 46 patients with acute
      myelogenous leukemia and a pretreatment leukocyte count of 100,000/microliters or
      higher were reviewed to identify the clinical features and response
      characteristics to the treatment of this group of patients. While the response
      rate of 52% was similar to that of patients with lower leukocyte counts,
      remission durations were shorter and related inversely to the height of the
      initial leukocyte count and to the number of treatment courses necessary to
      achieve a complete remission. A high incidence of hemorrhagic deaths was observed
      during the first 8 days of treatment. These hemorrhages occurred at a time when
      the leukocyte count was falling secondary to chemotherapy and the platelet count
      was still greater than 15,000/microliters. Pretreatment coagulation disorders and
      poor performance status were factors associated with this fatal complication.
      Antimetabolites to rapidly arrest leukemic cell proliferation and leukapheresis
      to avoid further leukostatic plug formation may be useful immediate measures to
      reduce the incidence of these fatal hemorrhages until the underlying pathogenic
      mechanisms have been elucidated.

PMID- 6575858
TI  - Hypercalcemia and diffuse osteolytic lesions in the acute phase of chronic
      myelogenous leukemia. A possible relation between lymphoid transformation and
      hypercalcemia.
AB  - A patient with blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is presented.
      The acute phase was localized in the lymph nodes and bones, causing severe
      osteolytic lesions and hypercalcemia. The blast cells were undifferentiated in
      light microscopy and by histochemical stains. As viewed under electron
      microscopy, a considerable proportion of the blast cells were of myeloid origin,
      while immunologic markers and cytogenetics indicated a lymphoid origin. It seems
      plausible that the patient had a mixed myeloid-lymphoid blast crisis, but that
      the lymphoid blasts were responsible for the severe osteolytic lesions and the
      hypercalcemia.

PMID- 6575859
TI  - Hodgkin's disease in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Hodgkin's disease as a second malignancy in childhood acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia is of rare occurrence, with the first such case having only recently
      been described. The therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia may alter the
      pattern of presentation of Hodgkin's disease and its histology, making diagnosis
      difficult. In this report we discuss the clinical, histologic, and
      ultrastructural findings of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in
      remission who had pulmonary involvement as an unusual initial presentation of
      Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 6575860
TI  - 3q-, 3q+ anomaly in malignant proliferations in humans.
AB  - Anomalies of both No. 3 chromosomes, of the t(3q-; 3q+) type can be observed in
      human malignancy as reported previously. It is our experience that this anomaly
      is found predominantly in myeloproliferative disorders, as a rather rare event,
      though occurring more frequently than similar exchanges between other homologous
      chromosomes. Previous claims about a relationship between this anomaly and
      thrombocytosis could not be confirmed, but the features found in a few patients
      indicate that further research should be undertaken to clarify this point.

PMID- 6575861
TI  - A possible subgroup of ALL with 9p-.

PMID- 6575862
TI  - Novel reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 8 and 9 found in a patient
      with myeloproliferative disorder.
AB  - A reciprocal translocation between the short arm of chromosome 8 and the long arm
      of chromosome 9 is described. What appears to be a balanced translocation with
      breakage and reunion at bands 8p11 and 9q34 has not to our knowledge been
      previously observed. The abnormality is shown to be an acquired characteristic
      and was found in a patient with a myeloproliferative disorder whose clinical and
      laboratory findings were also compatible with Ph1-negative chronic granulocytic
      leukemia.

PMID- 6575863
TI  - Absence of hypoxanthine:guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity in murine Dunn
      osteosarcoma.
AB  - The transplantable murine Dunn osteosarcoma has no detectable
      hypoxanthine:guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8) activity. This was
      established from the tumors directly and from tissue culture cell lines derived
      from the tumor using a variety of assays: e.g., no [3H]hypoxanthine uptake into
      tumor or tissue culture cells, no conversion of [3H]hypoxanthine to [3H]IMP by
      cell extracts from tumors or tissue culture cells, no growth of tissue culture
      cells in hypoxanthine:aminopterin:thymidine medium, and normal growth of these
      cells in 10 microM 6-mercaptopurine. Ten human osteosarcomas have been assayed,
      and two have no apparent hypoxanthine:guanine phosphoribosyltransferase enzyme
      activity. After high-dose methotrexate treatment in vivo, murine tumors could be
      selectively killed and normal tissues could be spared by using a rescue regimen
      of hypoxanthine-thymidine-allopurinol.

PMID- 6575864
TI  - Morphological and biochemical characterization of four clonal osteogenic sarcoma
      cell lines of rat origin.
AB  - The ultrastructural and biochemical properties of four clonal osteogenic sarcoma
      lines, UMR 104, 105, 106, and 108, have been compared with uncloned osteogenic
      sarcoma cells and normal osteoblast-rich cells derived from newborn rat calvaria.
      High alkaline phosphatase activity and activation of adenylate cyclase by
      parathyroid hormone were used as biochemical markers of osteoblastic cells.
      Cloning enriched both of these parameters above those of the parent tumor and far
      higher than that seen in normal cells, suggesting enrichment of the osteoblast
      phenotype. Both of these properties have been retained through many passages in
      culture. Morphologically, the clonal lines have also retained the "blast"-like
      appearance of the uncloned osteogenic sarcoma cells and consist mainly of flat,
      relatively featureless cells. Many cells with mitotic figures were observed,
      indicating continuous cell division taking place in the malignant cells. Each
      clonal line gave rise to characteristic tumors when reinjected into rats. It is
      concluded that the clonal osteogenic sarcoma lines are highly differentiated
      tumor lines which have conserved the differentiated properties of the mature
      osteoblast, making them a suitable model for the study of the effects of hormones
      on the growth of a differentiated tumor, as well as for the study of hormonal
      regulation of the osteoblast.

PMID- 6575865
TI  - Synthesis, antitumor activity, and cardiac toxicity of new 4
      demethoxyanthracyclines.
AB  - The new anthracycline glycosides 4-demethoxy-4'-deoxydaunorubicin and 4-demethoxy
      4'-O-methyldaunorubicin, synthesized by coupling 4-demethoxydaunomycinone with 1
      chloro-derivatives of protected 4-O-methyl and 4-deoxydaunosamine derivatives,
      have been converted into the corresponding doxorubicin analogs. The new compounds
      have been compared for antitumor effect with the parent drugs and with the
      previously described 4-demethoxydaunorubicin, 4-demethoxy-4'-epidaunorubicin, and
      their doxorubicin analogs. All of the new analogs were more cytotoxic against
      HeLa cells in vitro and were more toxic and more potent in mice than the parent
      drugs. Comparison at optimal antitumor doses showed that the new analogs were as
      active as the parent drugs against ascitic P388 leukemia and disseminated Gross
      leukemia. They were also active when administered orally. The new doxorubicin
      analogs were slightly more active than doxorubicin against ascitic L1210 leukemia
      and were markedly more active against disseminated L1210 leukemia. In a parallel
      activity-cardiotoxicity test in C3H mice repeatedly treated iv, 4
      demethoxydoxorubicin, 4-demethoxy-4'-epidoxorubicin, 4-demethoxy-4'-O
      methyldoxorubicin, and 4-demethoxy-4'-deoxydoxorubicin showed antitumor activity
      against mammary carcinoma without inducing the typical myocardial lesions
      observed after doxorubicin treatment, 4-Demethoxy-4'-O-methyldoxorubicin, because
      of its high antitumor effectiveness, lack of cardiac toxicity in mice, and
      activity by the oral route, deserves further study.

PMID- 6575866
TI  - Cardiomyopathy in generalised glycogenosis type II in cattle.
AB  - The clinical, electrocardiographic and postmortem findings in five cattle
      affected by generalised glycogenosis type II are described. Three of the affected
      animals showed generalised muscle weakness for some months before being killed at
      11, 15 and 16 months of age. Of the remaining two, one developed severe
      respiratory distress when 3 months old and died within 6 h of first being noticed
      to be ill. The other animal showed respiratory distress on exertion at 5 months
      of age, became recumbent and died when 7 months old. The sum of the QRS complex
      amplitudes in ECG leads I, II, a VR, aVL and aVF of the affected animals was
      significantly increased from the control or carrier animals, but only the two
      affected animals which showed clinical and pathological signs of congestive heart
      failure had increased heart weight to body weight, left and right ventricular
      weight to body weight ratios. In view of the lack of correlation between the
      increased QRS amplitudes and the presence of cardiac enlargement, it is suggested
      that the increased QRS amplitudes are a reflection of a conduction disorder. It
      is further suggested that QRS complex abnormalities in generalised glycogenosis
      in man, particularly in the late onset form may be due to a similar phenomenon.

PMID- 6575867
TI  - Effect of surface-active agents on fluoride enamel interactions. II.

PMID- 6575868
TI  - Accumulation of Cu and Zn in human dental plaque in vivo.

PMID- 6575869
TI  - Movement of plaque fluoride under cariogenic conditions.

PMID- 6575870
TI  - A mathematical model of salivary clearance of sugar from the oral cavity.

PMID- 6575871
TI  - Acid production from isomaltulose, sucrose, sorbitol, and xylitol in suspensions
      of human dental plaque.

PMID- 6575872
TI  - A purified cariogenic diet for rats to test sugar substitutes with special
      emphasis on general health.

PMID- 6575873
TI  - Effect of chewing gums containing xylitol, sorbitol or a mixture of xylitol and
      sorbitol on plaque formation, pH changes and acid production in human dental
      plaque.

PMID- 6575874
TI  - Plasma fluoride concentrations in pre-school children after ingestion of fluoride
      tablets and toothpaste.

PMID- 6575875
TI  - Delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in chick embryo testis:
      ultracytochemical localization and hypotheses on the steroidogenic activity
      related to the presence of the enzyme.

PMID- 6575876
TI  - Phenotypic modulation of adrenal cortical cells of the rat in primary culture.
AB  - Rat adrenal cells in secondary culture have been reported to exhibit a more or
      less differentiated phenotype as indicated by their morphology (epithelial or
      fibroblastic) and their level of steroid production. Analysis of growth
      characteristics, delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity, and
      fluorogenic steroid output of adrenal cortical cells of the rat in primary
      culture indicates that morphology and steroid production can be quantitatively
      and qualitatively altered with little change in the activity of the basic
      steroidogenic enzyme delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. These results
      confirm the origin from steroidogenic tissue of the adrenal cells in culture, and
      indicate that the changes they show in vitro are best interpreted as phenotypic
      modulation rather than dedifferentiation.

PMID- 6575877
TI  - A fresh look at the functionally generated path.

PMID- 6575878
TI  - Modulation of endogenous prostaglandins by thymosin-alpha 1 in lymphocytes.
AB  - The effects of thymosin-alpha 1 on the stimulation of specific release of
      prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from splenic lymphocytes and thymocytes were studied.
      Experiments were also performed to study in parallel the absolute levels of
      thymosin-alpha 1 in the blood and the induction of serum FTS activity and of
      azathioprine sensitivity of spleen cells from adult thymectomized (ATx) mice. A
      significant difference in the release of PGE2 between normal splenocytes and
      splenocytes from ATx mice was observed. Thymosin-alpha 1 at certain
      concentrations was able to stimulate PGE2 release from lymphocytes of ATx mice
      while inhibiting release in lymphocytes of normal mice. Also, thymocytes were
      stimulated to release PGE2 after incubation with alpha 1 in a manner similar to
      that seen in spleen cells of ATx mice. Approximately the same concentrations of
      alpha 1 was found to also correct the low azathioprine sensitivity of splenocytes
      from ATx mice. Determinations of FTS-like activity in the blood and the
      pharmacokinetics of alpha 1 after administration of this synthetic molecule show
      a clear dissociation. A maximum peak of alpha 1 activity was obtained after 1 hr,
      while maximal FTS-like activity was observed after 24 hr. The inhibition of the
      induction by alpha 1 of FTS-like activity and of Thy 1.2 antigen by indomethacin
      suggests that the action of alpha 1 requires prostaglandin biosynthesis.

PMID- 6575879
TI  - [Hereditary sensory neuropathy, questions of nosology and its relation to other
      degenerative diseases].

PMID- 6575880
TI  - A simple method for measuring cholesterol of serum lipoproteins directly in the
      effluent from a zonal rotor.

PMID- 6575881
TI  - Treatment of murine immune complex glomerulonephritis with prostaglandin E2: dose
      -response of immune complex deposition, antibody synthesis, and glomerular
      damage.
AB  - A model of immune complex glomerulonephritis (ICGN) produced in mice by the daily
      injection of apoferritin was employed to study the effect of treatment with
      various doses of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on glomerular damage, immune complex
      deposition, proteinuria, and serum anti-apoferritin antibody. Administration of
      PGE2, 200 micrograms twice daily, resulted in a significant decrease in
      glomerular damage and immune complex deposition, prevented the development of
      proteinuria, and significantly reduced serum levels of anti-apoferritin antibody.
      PGE2, 100 micrograms twice daily, resulted in a decrease in immune complex
      deposition as assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy, but this dosage did not
      significantly alter glomerular damage, proteinuria, or antibody levels. PGE2
      dosages of 50 and 25 micrograms twice daily had no effect on any of these
      parameters. The protective effect of PGE2 on the development of ICGN occurred
      only at dosages that were associated with decreased anti-apoferritin antibody.

PMID- 6575882
TI  - Renal gallium accumulation in the absence of renal pathology in patients with
      severe hepatocellular disease.
AB  - Visualization of Ga-67 citrate in the kidneys at 48 hours and 72 hours post
      injection is usually interpreted as evidence of renal pathology. In reviewing
      approximately 200 consecutive patients referred for gallium scans, 40 patients
      who also underwent liver/spleen Tc-99m sulfur colloid (SC) studies within one
      month of the gallium study were identified. Fourteen of these patients showed
      advanced hepatocellular dysfunction on the Tc-99m SC liver/spleen images. Of
      these 14 patients, nine had persistent renal accumulation of gallium at 48 or 72
      hours. Five of these nine patients had no evidence of primary renal disease by
      clinical or postmortem examination and subsequent clinical information indicated
      that two additional patients probably had no significant renal pathology.
      Therefore, bilateral symmetrically increased renal uptake of gallium in patients
      with advanced hepatocellular disease should not necessarily be interpreted as
      evidence of renal pathology.

PMID- 6575883
TI  - Ga-67 imaging in pediatric oncology.
AB  - One hundred sixty-nine children suspected of having malignant disease were
      examined by Ga-67 scintigraphy. In 99 children with untreated diseases at the
      time of examination, abnormal accumulation of Ga-67 was found in 51 patients,
      including 40 with malignant tumor. Forty-three negative results were obtained in
      children with benign disorders. Five false-negative results were obtained in
      patients with neuroblastoma of the adrenal gland. In 70 children with malignant
      diseases treated before the examination, abnormal accumulation of Ga-67 was seen
      in 40 patients, including 38 with malignant disease and two with no clinical
      evidence of recurrence. Normal results were obtained in 30 patients, including 11
      still suffering from malignant disease. The results of Ga-67 scintigraphy in all
      of the children were evaluated qualitatively. For the final diagnosis of
      malignant disease, diagnostic specificity was 86% and diagnostic sensitivity 79%.
      The prevalence of malignant disease was 56%. It is concluded that Ga-67
      scintigraphy should be used for primary visualization and control of malignant
      tumors in children.

PMID- 6575884
TI  - The role of the laboratory in rheumatology. HLA antigens.

PMID- 6575886
TI  - The dentist in the gray flannel suit: (marketing in dentistry).

PMID- 6575885
TI  - Liquid chromatographic profile classification of acute and chronic leukemias.
AB  - Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography and multivariate
      discriminant analysis are used for the classification of acute and chronic
      leukemias. Plasma or serum profiles, mainly of nucleosides, bases, and aromatic
      amino acids, are segmented into specific retention time intervals. Peak areas in
      each retention time interval are summed such that the chromatographic profile can
      be represented as a pattern vector formed from the linear combination of peak
      areas. The preprocessing techniques of autoscaling and variance weighting
      minimized inadvertent weighting and reduced the contribution of nondescriptive
      data components in the development of the discriminant function. The acute
      lymphocytic leukemia plasma samples and controls were classified with 100%
      sensitivity and specificity. Chronic leukemia serum samples and controls were
      categorized with sensitivity and specificity values of 93.7 and 87.6%,
      respectively.

PMID- 6575887
TI  - Comprehensive patient care.

PMID- 6575888
TI  - Competence & confidence: a look at a superior endodontic program.

PMID- 6575889
TI  - [Erythroplakia of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6575890
TI  - [Statistical analysis of clinical and pathological diagnosis of pulp diseases in
      541 cases].

PMID- 6575891
TI  - [Clinical orthodontic study of titanium nickel shape memory alloy].

PMID- 6575892
TI  - [Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor].

PMID- 6575893
TI  - [Dental restoration with metal-fused porcelain].

PMID- 6575894
TI  - [Clinical value of bone scanning of the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6575895
TI  - [Application of pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap in oral cancer operation].

PMID- 6575896
TI  - [Clinical and pathological study of parotid capillary tumors in an infant].

PMID- 6575897
TI  - [Degenerative sialosis].

PMID- 6575899
TI  - [Free forearm flap transplantation in repair and reconstruction of tongue
      defects].

PMID- 6575898
TI  - [Treatment of incomplete developed roots of non-vital pulp teeth with a
      camphorated parachlorophenol paste].

PMID- 6575900
TI  - [Primary hyperparathyroidism complicated with a "brown maxillary tumor"].

PMID- 6575901
TI  - [Periadenitis mucosa necrotica recurrens (report of 12 cases)].

PMID- 6575902
TI  - [Treatment of true temporomandibular ankylosis with rib transplantation].

PMID- 6575903
TI  - [Analysis of trace elements in the hair of patients with lichen planus and
      leukoplakia].

PMID- 6575904
TI  - [Survey and analysis of bruxism in 2,695 young persons].

PMID- 6575905
TI  - [Application of tongue flaps in repairing the defects of posterior oral tissue].

PMID- 6575906
TI  - [Reconstruction of fractured teeth].

PMID- 6575907
TI  - [Experimental production of mucous leukoplakia on the palate with chronic
      mechanical irritation of cigarettes and alcohol lesions].

PMID- 6575908
TI  - [Ultrastructural observation on the red cell series in the bone marrow of
      patients with nutritional megaloblastic anemia].

PMID- 6575909
TI  - [Subgroups of myasthenia gravis. Association of the early form with HLA B8/DR3].

PMID- 6575910
TI  - [Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with acute leukemia].

PMID- 6575911
TI  - Antagonistic action of estrogens, flutamide, and human growth hormone on androgen
      induced changes in the activities of some enzymes of hepatic steroid metabolism
      in the rat.
AB  - The dose-dependent effects of daily estrogen (estradiol, ethinyl estradiol,
      diethylstilbestrol) administration on the activities of three hepatic androgen
      dependent microsomal enzymes (3 alpha- and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
      and 5 alpha-reductase) in male rats were examined. Antiestrogens were then tested
      for their ability to block the feminizing action of 10 micrograms estradiol/day
      on these enzyme activities; nafoxidine and monohydroxytamoxifen were the most
      effective. The prevention of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone-induced changes in these
      activities in ovariectomized females was investigated. All three estrogens at a
      dose of 1 microgram blocked the action of 500 micrograms androgen. A similar
      androgenic blockade was achieved by daily administration of 5 mg flutamide or
      constant infusion of human GH (5 micrograms/h). Simultaneous administration of
      200 micrograms monohydroxytamoxifen prevented the androgen-antagonizing action of
      estrogens, but not of flutamide nor of GH. Large doses of estrogens have the same
      repressive effect as androgens on 5 alpha-reductase activity in female castrates.
      Using the diethylstilbestrol-treated rat as a model, it is demonstrated that this
      effect can be prevented by antiestrogen, but not by GH. It is concluded that
      androgens and low doses of estrogens affect these enzyme activities by acting at
      different levels of central regulation, whereas large doses of estrogens act
      directly on the liver via hepatic estrogen receptors. These conclusions are
      corroborated by studies of hepatic estrogen receptor concentrations.

PMID- 6575912
TI  - Non-specific binding of transferrin and lactoferrin to polystyrene culture tubes:
      role of the radioligand.
AB  - While evaluating the role of iron-binding glycoproteins on the in vitro uptake of
      67Ga and 59Fe by tumor cells, it was observed that these radiometals bind to
      polystyrene culture tubes in the presence of transferrin or lactoferrin. The
      amount of 67Ga or 59Fe bound to the tube increases with glycoprotein
      concentrations up to 20 microgram/ml and decreases thereafter. This biphasic
      response is a reflection of metal-protein affinity and is greatest for 59Fe
      lactoferrin. With 125I-labeled transferrin and lactoferrin, the amount of tube
      bound radioactivity was inversely dependent on the glycoprotein concentration
      suggesting that glycoproteins bind to a limited number of binding sites on the
      tube wall. Approximately 10(13) glycoprotein molecules were bound per tube with
      an affinity constant of 1.89 X 10(7) 1/M for transferrin and 1.08 X 10(7) l/M for
      lactoferrin. These sites are not specific since addition of albumin inhibited the
      binding of radiolabeled glycoproteins to the tube. In the light of these
      observations, caution is required in interpreting results of cell culture
      experiments which have not directed attention to protein-plastic interaction.

PMID- 6575913
TI  - 67Ga and 59Fe uptake by tumor cells treated with hyperthermia or hyperthermia
      plus lanthanum.
AB  - The uptake of 67Ga-citrate and 59Fe-citrate by tumor cells treated with
      hyperthermia or with hyperthermia plus lanthanum has been studied. The comparison
      of these results with ion flux determinations (42K) appears to indicate that
      hyperthermia alone or combined with lanthanum modifies the ionic permeability of
      the plasma membrane. This phenomenon seems to be responsible for the increased
      accumulation of 67Ga and 59Fe.

PMID- 6575915
TI  - Cell differentiation and the plasma membrane. International symposium organized
      by the Dutch Society for Cell Biology under the auspices of ECBO.
      Noordwijkerhout, June 5-8, 1983. Abstracts.

PMID- 6575914
TI  - Intractable diarrhoea associated with continuation of cytotoxic chemotherapy
      during acute infective enteritis.
AB  - Severe intractable diarrhoea which required prolonged parenteral nutrition is
      reported in a child with acute leukaemia. The enteropathy is likely to have been
      the consequence of continuing cytotoxic therapy during an episode of acute
      infective diarrhoea. It is postulated that the inhibition of crypt mitotic
      activity prevented the rapid recovery of small intestinal mucosa normally seen
      after viral infection and resulted in persisting small intestinal dysfunction.
      The inter-relationship between viral and cytoxic-induced enterocyte damage is
      discussed and the risks of continuing therapy under such conditions is
      considered.

PMID- 6575916
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of isotretinoin and its major blood metabolite following a
      single oral dose to man.
AB  - A pharmacokinetic profile of isotretinoin and its major dermatologically active
      blood metabolite, 4-oxo-isotretinoin, was developed following a single 80 mg oral
      suspension dose of isotretinoin to 15 normal male subjects. Blood samples were
      assayed for isotretinoin and 4-oxo-isotretinoin using a newly developed reverse
      phase HPLC method. Following rapid absorption from the suspension formulation,
      isotretinoin is distributed and eliminated with harmonic mean half-lives of 1.3
      and 17.4 h, respectively. Maximum concentrations of isotretinoin in blood were
      observed at 1 to 4 h after dosing. Maximum concentrations of the major blood
      metabolite of isotretinoin, 4-oxo-isotretinoin, are approximately one-half those
      of isotretinoin and occur at 6 to 16 h after isotretinoin dosing. The ratio of
      areas under the curve for metabolite and parent drug following the single dose
      suggests that average steady-state ratios of metabolite to parent drug during a
      dosing interval will be approximately 2.5. Both isotretinoin and its metabolite
      can be adequately described using a single linear pharmacokinetic model.

PMID- 6575917
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of isotretinoin during repetitive dosing to patients.
AB  - The multiple dose pharmacokinetics of isotretinoin and its major blood
      metabolite, 4-oxo-isotretinoin, were studied in 10 patients with cystic acne and
      11 patients with various keratinization disorders. Blood samples were obtained at
      predetermined times following the first dose, interim doses and the final dose.
      Blood concentrations of isotretinoin and 4-oxo-isotretinoin were measured by a
      specific and sensitive HPLC method. A lag time was usually observed prior to the
      onset of absorption following oral administration of the drug in a soft elastic
      gelatin capsule. Absorption then proceeded rapidly and maximum blood
      concentrations usually occurred within 4 h of drug administration. The harmonic
      mean half-life for the elimination of isotretinoin by the cystic acne patients
      was approximately 10 h after the initial dose and did not change significantly
      following 25 days of 40 mg b.i.d. dosing. Steady-state blood concentrations
      remained relatively constant after the fifth day of dosing. The harmonic mean
      elimination half-life in the patients with various disorders of keratinization
      was about 16 h. The results of the 2 studies suggest that no significant changes
      in the pharmacokinetics of isotretinoin occur during multiple dosing and that the
      multiple dose pharmacokinetic profile is predictable and can be described using a
      linear pharmacokinetic model. This suggests that the steady-state concentrations
      of isotretinoin can be predicted from single dose data.

PMID- 6575918
TI  - Erythroid properties of K562 cells. Effect of hemin, butyrate and TPA induction.
AB  - Two sublines of the human leukemia cell line K562 including the original cell
      line and three clones have been investigated for their erythroid features. All of
      them produce embryonic and fetal hemoglobins, glycophorin A, spectrin and true
      acetylcholinesterase, but to a varying extent among the cell lines. The Hb and
      glycophorin contents were correlated in the different K562 cell lines, whereas
      acetylcholinesterase was independently expressed from these two other erythroid
      markers. Hb accumulation is enhanced by exposure of the cells to 100 microM hemin
      without a significant modification of the expression of the other erythroid
      markers. Butyrate greatly increased the activity of acetylcholinesterase,
      slightly enhanced the production of hemoglobin, but did not modify the expression
      of glycophorin and spectrin. 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced
      an almost complete disappearance of glycophorin, reduced the synthesis of Hb by
      K562 cells and also abolished the action of hemin on Hb accumulation. Therefore,
      all the different K562 cell lines exhibit clear erythroid features including
      acetylcholinesterase. Butyrate or hemin did not induce terminal differentiation
      of K562 cells, whereas TPA significantly diminished the erythroid phenotype.

PMID- 6575919
TI  - Fasciola hepatica: increase of glycogen phosphorylase activity due to
      prostaglandins.
AB  - Both prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) stimulate
      the glycogen phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.1.) activity of Fasciola hepatica. Whole or
      sliced parasites were incubated with PGE1 (2.8 X 10(-7) and 2.8 X 10(-5) M) and
      PGF2 alpha (2.1 X 10(-7) and 2.1 X 10(-5) M) and enzyme activity was measured in
      homogenates prepared immediately following the incubation. No substantially
      different effect was noted between the two assayed doses of prostaglandins.
      Prostaglandins appeared to be less effective in sliced parasites.

PMID- 6575920
TI  - [Substances inhibiting monoamine oxidase. II. Inhibition of bovine plasma amine
      oxidase by N-cyclopropyltryptamines].
AB  - In this paper, we report the inhibition constants obtained with N-cyclopropyl-5,6
      dimethoxytryptamine and with N-cyclopropyl-6,7-dimethoxytryptamine on the
      activity of beef plasma amineoxidase. The inhibition constants are respectively:
      0.3 x 10(-3) M and 0.65 x 10(-3) M. A dixon graph of the enzymic oxidation of
      benzylamine indicates a non-competitive inhibition of the enzyme by these
      dimethoxytryptamines.

PMID- 6575921
TI  - Mouse invariant chain gamma exhibits structural homology to both polymorphic
      subunits of the alpha, beta-core complex of I-Ak antigens.
AB  - The 3 major constituents of the I-Ak subregion-associated complex alpha, beta and
      gamma were obtained from splenocytes in homogeneous form by differential
      isolation methods. alpha, beta and gamma were compared on the primary structural
      level by enzymatic fragmentation procedures and tryptic peptide map analysis of
      radiolabeled proteins. The data indicate that the invariant chain gamma exhibits
      extensive structural homology to the polymorphic beta-light and the alpha-heavy
      chain. Thus, although not being encoded within the MHC gamma appears to belong
      structurally to the MHC-encoded class II proteins.

PMID- 6575922
TI  - The answer to fast growth: buy a business.

PMID- 6575923
TI  - Strategy and understanding stop employee turnover. Interview by Carl M. Caplan..

PMID- 6575924
TI  - [Effect of high altitude climate therapy on skin reactivity to prostaglandins E1,
      E2 and F1 alpha in allergic dermatoses].

PMID- 6575925
TI  - Quail fetal antigen (QFA): identification and comparison with chicken fetal
      antigen.
AB  - Quail fetal antigen (QFA), an analogous hematopoietic antigen to chicken fetal
      antigen (CFA), was identified and shown to be a developmental antigen on the
      blood cells of Japanese quail and other avian species. Rabbit antiserum against
      14-day embryonic quail red blood cells (RBCs) was specifically adsorbed to
      achieve fetal specificity and to eliminate any cross reactivity with the CFA
      system. Complement-mediated microcytotoxicity and hemagglutination assays were
      used to detect the presence of QFA on hematopoietic cells. QFA was found on 100%
      of the peripheral RBCs from 10-day quail embryos but incidence of the antigen
      gradually declined with increasing development. Complete loss of QFA from RBCs
      occurred just prior to sexual maturation between 31 and 42 days of age. No
      qualitative differences in erythroid expression of QFA were observed during
      development; however, RBCs from both embryonic duck and interspecific quail-
      chicken hybrids reacted with R-anti QFA. Like CFA, quail fetal antigen was
      associated with lymphocytes, particularly those from primary lymphoid organs.
      Similarities in the developmentally controlled tissue distribution of QFA and CFA
      suggest that developmental hematopoietic antigens are a common feature of avian
      species and are useful cell surface markers for studies of development and
      differentiation.

PMID- 6575926
TI  - Trichosporon hepatitis.
AB  - A 33-yr-old Puerto Rican women was hospitalized for chemotherapy and multiple
      antibiotic treatment for relapse of acute myelomonocytic leukemia. While she was
      already receiving amphotericin for suspected Aspergillus infection, she developed
      hepatomegaly and abnormal liver enzymes with high serum bilirubin. The blood
      cultures were negative. Percutaneous liver biopsy revealed granulomatous fungal
      hepatitis identified by cultures as Trichosporon cutaneum. In spite of the
      continued administration of amphotericin, with the addition of 5-fluorocytosine,
      Trichosporon was later cultured from her blood, and she succumbed to fungemia and
      polymicrobial sepsis.

PMID- 6575927
TI  - Burning sensation in the mouth.

PMID- 6575929
TI  - Patient accounting: keeping tabs on practice growth.

PMID- 6575928
TI  - Sudden facial enlargement.

PMID- 6575930
TI  - Geriatric dentistry's place in curriculum development.

PMID- 6575931
TI  - Evaluating the restoration of endodontically treated teeth.

PMID- 6575932
TI  - Retail dentistry: a study of patient utilization patterns.

PMID- 6575933
TI  - Protecting the tongue during head and neck irradiation.

PMID- 6575934
TI  - Multiple techniques of mandibular analgesia.

PMID- 6575935
TI  - Esthetic composite resin facings for amalgam restorations.

PMID- 6575936
TI  - [Theoretical evaluation of the expected yield of osteosarcomas after radium
      isotope intake].

PMID- 6575937
TI  - Effect of in vitro administration of LH, prolactin separately and LH and
      prolactin in mixture, on cultured Leydig cells from mouse testes: I. Changes of
      delta 5, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase during postnatal life.
AB  - Activity of delta 5, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in cultured Leydig cells
      isolated from mouse testes of various age was quantitatively investigated.
      Activity of delta 5, 3 beta-HSD was low in testes after birth and increased in 21
      day old mouse, and then decreased in Leydig cells of 28 day old animals. Maximum
      activity of dehydrogenase within Leydig cells was observed in 60 day old mice and
      then gradually declined simultaneously with ageing process. Significant increase
      of enzymes activity was observed in Leydig cells cultured in medium containing a
      mixture of 100 ng LH and 100 ng PRL/ml. Doses of either 100 ng LH alone or 100 ng
      PRL alone showed higher stimulation than lower doses of 10 ng. Changes of
      activity were statistically significant.

PMID- 6575938
TI  - [Experimental oro-maxillo-facial surgery. Microsurgical interventions.
      Proceedings of the congress of the German Society for Oro-Maxillo-facial Surgery.
      Lubeck, 1982].

PMID- 6575939
TI  - [Open bite in relation to breathing].

PMID- 6575940
TI  - [Treatment problems in adult patients].

PMID- 6575942
TI  - [Inclination of and type of tooth contacts on functional and non-functional sides
      in children and adults with normal occlusion].

PMID- 6575941
TI  - [Experimental animal studies on a "vibration theory"].

PMID- 6575943
TI  - [Functional easing of problem orthodontic patients].

PMID- 6575944
TI  - [Size of the anterior Bolton Index and frequency of the Bolton discrepancy in the
      anterior tooth segment in untreated orthodontic patients].

PMID- 6575945
TI  - [Treatment of Angle class II anomalies].

PMID- 6575946
TI  - [Biomechanical and biofunctional therapy, evaluation under the conditions of
      "form" and "function"].

PMID- 6575947
TI  - Open Bite. Skeletal morphology.

PMID- 6575948
TI  - [A case report of interceptive treatment with the Frankel functional type III
      appliance in early mixed dentition].

PMID- 6575949
TI  - [Movement of the anterior teeth in different directions with functional
      appliances].

PMID- 6575950
TI  - [Oral hygiene with fixed orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6575951
TI  - [Set-up trimming. Rational finishing system for positioner models].

PMID- 6575952
TI  - [Bite modification, eruption and arrangement of the permanent teeth in dogs
      following interruption of the innervation and blood supply of the mandible].

PMID- 6575953
TI  - Medical records completion: new guidelines specified.

PMID- 6575955
TI  - Chromosome aberrations induced in patients treated with chemotherapeutic drugs
      and irradiation for acute lymphatic leukemia.
AB  - Chromosome analyses were carried out in lymphocytes of ten children with ALL,
      prior to and during combined therapy with antineoplastic drugs and cranial
      irradiation. Chromosome preparations from group I (four patients) were analysed
      by conventional staining. For group II (six patients) the FPG technique
      (fluorescence plus Giemsa) was applied after BrdU treatment of cultures and cells
      were scored exclusively in first division. A significant clastogenic effect could
      not be detected in samples collected during or after chemotherapy for either
      group. After cranial irradiation of those patients in group II. linear dose
      effect relationships for dicentric plus ring chromosomes, and for excess
      acentrics, could be demonstrated after correction for the relative amount of
      irradiated volume.

PMID- 6575954
TI  - Gene mapping of the gibbon. Its position in primate evolution.
AB  - Comparative karyotyping of the Hylobatidae has revealed only very few chromosome
      homoeologies with other primates. Their position in the phylogenetic tree thus
      remains uncertain. With the hope that comparative gene mapping might allow
      overcoming these difficulties, somatic cell hybrids were obtained by fusion of
      fibroblasts from a Hylobates (Nomascus) concolor and cells from a HPRT-Chinese
      hamster cell line. Of 34 investigated enzyme markers, 20 could be mapped, and 7
      syntenies were established. When compared with man, there were 7 synteny
      disruptions. These results strongly suggest that the Hylobatidae diverged from
      the common stem leading to the Pongidae after the Cercopithecoidae had diverged.

PMID- 6575956
TI  - 46,XX/46,XY chimerism in a phenotypically normal man.
AB  - Some twenty cases of dispermic chimeras with the karyotype 46,XX/46,XY,
      discovered because of gonadal dysplasias or a true hermaphroditism, have been
      reported. This is a report of a phenotypically normal man with 46,XX/46,XY
      chimerism in whom a prepubertal finding of positive X-chromatin was interpreted
      as Klinefelter syndrome. The diagnosis was revised 11 years later when the family
      doctor, who doubted the earlier diagnosis because of the patient's normal-sized
      testes, sent him to an outpatient clinic. The young man was 23 years old,
      athletic (74kg, 180cm), with normal body proportions, normal sexual hair
      distribution, normal libido and potency, normal endocrine parameters, and a
      normal spermiogram. The karyotype revealed an XX/XY mosaic in a proportion of
      1:2. An identical set of maternal markers (Q- and C-banding) was present in male
      and female cells. Differences were found with respect to two paternal markers.
      Furthermore, blood, serum, and red cell enzyme groups in five systems showed two
      phenotypes, again with duality of paternal origin. It is concluded that a
      positive X-chromatin in prepuperty, especially in the absence of supporting
      clinical features, must be followed by a karyotype study.

PMID- 6575957
TI  - Taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide in the Salamis Island population
      (Greece).

PMID- 6575958
TI  - Cultivation of human osteosarcoma cell lines in serum-free hormone supplemented
      medium.
AB  - Two human osteosarcoma cell lines (TE-85, LM-1) were adapted to grow in serum
      free hydrocortisone supplemented medium. Human osteosarcoma associated antigens
      were detected both on the cell membrane as well as in the concentrated culture
      medium. TE-85 cells produced bone specific alkaline phosphatase and LM-1 cells
      produced both bone specific and placental-like alkaline phosphatases when
      cultured in this medium. Successful proliferation of human osteosarcoma cell
      lines in serum-free medium is valuable in human osteosarcoma research.

PMID- 6575959
TI  - Investigation of porcine natural-killer cell activity with reference to African
      swine-fever virus infection.
AB  - The natural killing of the human myeloid leukaemia cell line by pig mononuclear
      cells was investigated in an 18 hr assay; the most active natural-killer (NK)
      effectors were those cells not adhering to nylon-wool columns or rosetting with
      sheep red blood cells. Mononuclear cells cultured in the presence of African
      swine-fever virus maintained NK activity. Pigs infected with African swine-fever
      virus exhibited a suppressed NK activity, possibly due to the sensitivity of NK
      cells to increased temperatures. The possible role of NK cells in recovery from
      African swine fever is discussed.

PMID- 6575960
TI  - Periodontally treated dentitions: their maintenance and prognosis.
AB  - At the beginning of a 2-year clinical study patients were subjected to five
      different periodontal surgical procedures. The oral hygiene of 50 test patients
      was then maintained by professional cleaning at intervals of 2 weeks. Patients in
      the control group (n = 25) were recalled only once per year for scaling and
      polishing. In the test subjects further periodontal destruction was arrested; in
      the control group inadequate plaque control led to progressive periodontitis.
      Further study, over 4 years, of the test subjects demonstrated that continued
      vigorous plaque control measures maintained their periodontal status. These
      results were obtained irrespective of the type of surgery performed initially.

PMID- 6575961
TI  - Health educational aspects of preventive dental programs for school-age children
      in 34 countries--final results of an FDI international survey.
AB  - The survey was conducted as part of a project of the Working Group on Oral Health
      Promotion of CORE, in order to provide a basis for the FDI to plan ways to assist
      its member associations in developing successful preventive dental programs for
      school-age children. Mail questionnaires were distributed through national dental
      associations and completed by dental program directors. A total of 119 responses
      from 34 countries has been analysed. The programs reported tended to be young,
      supported by public funds, carried out in schools and part of ongoing agency or
      organizational programs. Instructional activities were the most frequently
      mentioned service provided routinely for all children, followed by early
      detection and treatment services. Primary preventive services appeared to be
      provided least frequently. About 60 per cent of programs served children drinking
      water from central sources, but only 16 per cent of programs served children
      drinking optimally fluoridated water. Water fluoridation was the most frequently
      mentioned procedure that respondents would have liked to see added or extended if
      additional resources were to be made available. Program organization was the most
      frequently mentioned reason for program success. The five most frequently
      mentioned barriers were insufficient financial resources (most often cited),
      manpower limitations, low public acceptance, non-supportive attitudes among
      policy makers and inadequate facilities. As a result of the survey three major
      needs were identified: (1) the need for more efficient application of known
      effective primary protective methods, especially against dental caries; (2) the
      need to improve the correspondence between program objectives, the types of
      services provided and the evaluation methods used to assess and evaluate program
      achievements; and (3) the need for greater understanding of the scope of
      community health educational aspects of oral health, prevention and dental
      treatment. Specification of these and similar problems should lead the FDI
      working group to recommend priorities on the type of assistance to provide to
      member nations and the manner of its provision, perhaps in concert with the World
      Health Organization and the International Association for Dental Research.

PMID- 6575962
TI  - Effective oral health education and promotion programs to prevent dental caries.
AB  - Dental caries is nearly universal--no nation is free of this disease. Although
      the ability to prevent dental caries is imperfect, scientifically evaluated
      protective measures are available. These can substantially decrease caries when
      implemented and sustained, yet a large portion of the world's population,
      especially children, is unaided or receives outdated or unproved measures. The
      best individual and community protection against dental decay today is offered by
      the proper use of fluorides. Community water fluoridation is the most effective,
      practical and least expensive method. Because community water fluoridation is
      unavailable to many, effective alternatives must be introduced. The majority of
      carious lesions in children during their school years occur on occlusal surfaces.
      Because this surface is least protected by fluorides, adhesive sealants should be
      used to augment the partial protection derived from fluorides. Sound health
      education and health promotion activities, validated by research, form the
      foundation upon which prevention is organized, implemented and perpetuated.

PMID- 6575963
TI  - Promoting periodontal health--effective programmes of education and promotion.
AB  - A realistic aim for a preventive programme is to reduce dental plaque to levels
      compatible with rates of progression of periodontal disease which will allow
      functional and aesthetically and socially acceptable dentitions to be maintained
      throughout life. Since tooth cleaning is mainly influenced by socialization, and
      most people do brush their teeth, the objective of health education is to improve
      the effectiveness of oral hygiene behaviour. However, most dental health
      education programmes, whether directed at individuals or groups, are based upon
      an incorrect concept. Instead of attempting to change the commonly used scrub
      technique, encouragement should be given to use the scrub method more
      effectively. Oral health should be integrated with programmes dealing with
      general hygiene and grooming; a diversity of approaches and maximal participation
      by the community, individuals and professionals should be encouraged. The
      dentist/hygienist-centred strategy is not likely to be effective in reducing
      periodontal disease at a community level. Social and educational strategies
      directed at groups are more likely to be useful. Programmes should concentrate on
      educating significant individuals in the community, educating educators and
      educating the dental team. The programme should be continuous and low key and
      refrain from victim-blaming exhortations to clean teeth with devices of
      questionable usefulness.

PMID- 6575964
TI  - The prevention connection: linking dental health education and prevention.
AB  - Education and prevention are inextricably linked. In what proportion these two
      entities should be represented in any prevention/education programme is a
      question now to be faced. The proportions are likely to be different in
      programmes which aim to prevent the two major diseases which challenge dentistry.
      Dental caries, already declining sharply in economically developed countries, is
      largely preventable at the community level with relatively little need for
      individually based dental health education. Here, the concept of education must
      be broadened to go beyond the 'motivation' of the individual patient: it is best
      directed at community decision-makers rather than at individuals. As yet
      periodontal disease is not amenable to community-based prevention. There is no
      equivalent in the prevention of periodontal disease to the use of fluoride.
      Control of periodontal disease in the long run must be through individual
      education supported by an appropriate level of professional care. All this
      presents a major challenge to the way dentistry is practised and to the way
      public educational programmes are developed. Existing programmes need to be
      constantly reassessed and matched against demographic information and
      epidemiological data on disease trends. Overall, it is clear that oral diseases
      can never be successfully controlled without firmly linking education and
      prevention.

PMID- 6575965
TI  - Where does the FDI go from here?
AB  - In adhering to Article III of its Constitution the FDI must take the initiative
      to promote oral health programmes worldwide by disseminating information, by
      developing and monitoring new programmes and recommending improvements after
      evaluation. These activities should be mediated through the Commission on Oral
      Health Research and Epidemiology which brings together the necessary
      internationally based expertise.

PMID- 6575966
TI  - Perceptions of occlusal conditions in Australia, the German Democratic Republic
      and the United States of America.
AB  - An instrument developed by Jenny et al. (1980) for rating the public's
      perceptions of the social acceptability of a wide variety of occlusal
      configurations was administered to children and adults in Australia, the German
      Democratic Republic and the United States of America and also to US
      orthodontists. Mean scores for the 7 groups of subjects from the 3 countries were
      arranged in rank order from the least socially acceptable to the most socially
      acceptable and compared. The results indicate that use of the social
      acceptability scale of occlusal conditions (SASOC) is a highly reliable method
      for scoring and rank-ordering the aesthetic acceptability of occlusal
      morphologies. Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients between the ranking of
      SASOC stimuli by all 7 groups of subjects from the 3 countries ranged from 0.85
      to 0.97. The probability of such correlations occurring by chance is less than 1
      in 10000 (P less than 0.0001). SASOC proved capable of rank-ordering a wide range
      of occlusal morphologies for aesthetics with excellent consistency along the
      entire spectrum from the least acceptable to the most socially acceptable in all
      3 countries. The data indicate that norms for socially acceptable dental
      appearance are essentially the same in Australia, the German Democratic Republic
      and the United States of America.

PMID- 6575967
TI  - Identification by a monoclonal antibody of a glycolipid highly expressed by cells
      from the human myeloid lineage.
AB  - A monoclonal antibody (MAb) HL-C5, which bound selectively to cells of the
      myeloid lineage tested, was derived from a fusion between P3/NS2/1-AG8 myeloma
      cells and splenocytes from a mouse immunized with cells of the promyelocytic
      leukemia line HL-60. Among a panel of 29 human cell lines derived from either
      hematopoietic or solid tumors, MAb HL-C5 was found to react exclusively with
      cells from the five differentiated acute myeloid leukemia lines, HL-60, ML1, ML2,
      ML3, KG-1B and not with the less differentiated myeloid lines. Fluorescence
      activated cell sorter analysis of normal bone marrow samples confirmed that the
      reactivity of MAb HL-C5 was limited to myeloid cells, from the promyelocytic
      stage of differentiation to the mature granulocytes. Indirect immunoperoxidase
      staining of cytocentrifuge preparations of normal bone marrow and peripheral
      blood leukocytes confirmed these results and showed that MAb HL-C5 stained
      neutrophils but not eosinophils or basophils. The antigen recognized by HL-C5 was
      recovered in the upper phase of chloroform-methanol-water lipid extracts prepared
      from HL-60 cells. By competitive binding experiments, it was found that MAb HL-C5
      recognizes the same antigenic determinant as MAb WGHS 29-1, which has been
      reported to react with glycolipids containing the sugar sequence lacto-N
      fucopentaose 111. Autoradiographs of thin layer chromatograms of HL-60 glycolipid
      extracts which were revealed by incubation with MAb HL-C5 or WGHS 29-1 followed
      by the addition of 125I-labelled rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin antibody
      confirmed that the two MAbs reacted with the same or structurally very similar
      glycolipids.

PMID- 6575968
TI  - Variance in resistance to natural and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
      and to complement-mediated lysis among K562 lines.
AB  - Isolation of sub-populations of the NK-sensitive erythro-leukaemic cell line K562
      by limiting dilution techniques has revealed marked clonal variation in
      susceptibility to natural cytotoxicity. Detailed examination of two such lines
      (E10/P2 and F9/P2) which differed significantly in their susceptibility to both
      native and activated NK-cell-mediated lysis revealed that their differences were
      stable and independent of culture conditions. The resistant (F9/P2) and sensitive
      (E10/P2) lines had comparable cold-inhibitory and effector-cell adsorption
      capacities, indicating that differential susceptibility was not attributable to
      variable expression of NK target structures. F9/P2 was also less susceptible to
      antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-mediated lysis,
      indicating the existence of variants with a generalized capacity to resist
      several immunolytic processes.

PMID- 6575969
TI  - Malignant myeloblastic transformation of murine long-term bone marrow cultures by
      F-MuLV: in vitro reproduction of a long-term leukemogenesis, and investigation of
      preleukemic events.
AB  - A Friend helper virus I-5(F-MuLV) which induces myeloblastic leukemias in mice
      after a latency of several months, was used to infect long-term bone marrow
      cultures. From 48 to 71 weeks after in vitro infection, 4/14 cultures gave rise
      to transplantable malignant myeloblastic cells. These cells were shown to
      genuinely result from as in vitro transformation of virus-infected normal bone
      marrow cells. The in vitro transformation reproduced the course of the in vivo
      disease. It provided unique material for in vitro investigation of the
      preleukemic stages of long-term leukemogenesis. Successive cellular events were:
      (1) freezing of the normal myelomonocytic differentiation process; (2) change
      from factor-dependent to an autonomous growth; (3) acquisition of in vivo
      tumorigenicity.

PMID- 6575970
TI  - Ocular penetration of N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK-787) and potentiation by
      dipeptidase inhibitor (MK-791).
AB  - N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK-787) is a new beta-lactam with potent activity
      against both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Its
      spectrum and activity suggest it may be useful in treatment of complicated
      intraocular infections. Its ocular penetration was studied in New Zealand white
      rabbits immediately before and after the third dose of 40 mg/kg administered
      intravenously at q6h intervals. Plasma, aqueous humor, and vitreous humor were
      obtained by direct aspiration, and antibiotic levels were assayed using an agar
      well diffusion method. MK-787 penetrated uninflamed intraocular fluids, including
      vitreous humor, although vitreous concentrations achieved (0.1-0.2 micrograms/ml)
      were significantly lower than the mean peak plasma (15 micrograms/ml) and aqueous
      concentrations (7 micrograms/ml). Nevertheless, the intraocular levels attained
      approached or exceeded the MIC90 for most sensitive organisms including some gram
      negative bacilli important in bacterial endophthalmitis. When administered in
      combination with the renal enzyme inhibitor MK-791, plasma and aqueous
      concentrations of MK-787 were markedly potentiated, although vitreous
      concentrations were minimally affected. The potential usefulness of MK-787 in
      conjunction with MK-791 in the infected eye should be examined further in an
      animal model of bacterial endophthalmitis.

PMID- 6575971
TI  - Extramedullary lesions in non-lymphocytic leukemia: results of radiation therapy.
AB  - Fifty-four courses of radiotherapy were given to 33 patients with symptomatic
      extramedullary involvement by non-lymphocytic leukemia. Among them were 23 cases
      of granulocytic sarcoma. Analysis of the treatment response showed that age,
      hematopathologic type and quality of irradiation did not influence the radiation
      response. However, a dose response relationship could be demonstrated with a
      statistically significant difference in response among the four groups of
      patients treated to total doses of less than 1000 rad, 1000-1999 rad, 2000-2999
      rad, and greater than or equal to 3000 rad (p = 0.003). We suggest irradiating
      all extramedullary lesions to at least 1100 ret.

PMID- 6575972
TI  - Ionic regulation of MEL cell commitment.
AB  - A key event in the initiation of the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-induced program of
      murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cell differentiation is a rise in the level of
      cytoplasmic calcium ions. Our interest in the present study is whether other
      inducers of the terminal erythroid differentiation program also act via a calcium
      dependent pathway. Inhibition of calcium transport has been found to prevent the
      induction of MEL cell commitment by DMSO, butyric acid (BA), or hypoxanthine
      (HX). Enhancement of the calcium flux rate with A23187 or elevation of
      cytoplasmic calcium levels with FCCP stimulates the kinetics of commitment in
      response to all three inducers. These results suggest that of the inducers we
      have tested (DMSO, BA, and HX), all three act to initiate commitment via a common
      mechanism which involves modulation of cytoplasmic calcium levels.

PMID- 6575973
TI  - Improved concanavalin A-Sepharose elution by specific readsorption of
      glycoproteins.
AB  - Elution of bound glycoproteins from concanavalin A-Sepharose can be made more
      efficient by their readsorption to a Blue A agarose column (specific) and Green A
      agarose column (less-specific) during recycling of the elution buffer. Three
      lysosomal enzymes were eluted in this way with marked improvement in their
      specific activities, time and handling and amount of eluting ligand used.

PMID- 6575974
TI  - High-performance liquid chromatographic method for pharmacokinetic studies on the
      new anthracycline 4-demethoxydaunorubicin and its 13-dihydro derivative.
AB  - The anthracyclines are a group of antitumoral antibiotics with significant
      clinical efficacy. Among the new anthracycline derivatives, 4
      demethoxydaunorubicin showed interesting biological properties in terms of both
      spectrum of activity and therapeutic index and was recently introduced in
      clinical trials. The present paper describes the analytical method developed to
      investigate the pharmacokinetics of this derivative. The method consists of the
      extraction of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin and its 13-dihydro metabolite from plasma
      with chloroform--1-heptanol (9:1) and re-extraction with 0.3 M phosphoric acid,
      separation by high-performance liquid chromatography and quantification by
      sensitive fluorescence detection. Plasma level curves obtained from cancer
      patients treated with the drug are shown.

PMID- 6575975
TI  - High-performance liquid chromatographic assay for cytosine arabinoside, uracil
      arabinoside and some related nucleosides.
AB  - A novel, dual-column high-performance liquid chromatographic method for
      determination of the anti-cancer drug cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) and its major
      metabolite uracil arabinoside (Ara-U) has been developed. The analytical
      procedure is sensitive (25 ng/ml) and specific for Ara-C, Ara-U and the
      endogenous nucleosides that may influence response to Ara-C therapy, cytidine and
      deoxycytidine. Conventional and high dose calibration curves were linear and the
      method precise with the assay coefficient of variation for Ara-C and Ara-U not
      greater than 9.1% over the range of 0.1-10 micrograms/ml. Accuracy was determined
      to be within +/- 3 to 9% over this concentration range. Using this method,
      patient plasma samples from both conventional dose (100-200 mg/m2 per day) and
      high dose (3500-6500 mg/m2 per day) Ara-C can be simultaneously analyzed for Ara
      C, Ara-U and nucleosides so that comparative pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic
      studies can be conducted.

PMID- 6575976
TI  - Cross-channel contamination of prostaglandins during separation by thin-layer
      chromatography.

PMID- 6575978
TI  - A new bone marrow aspiration needle to overcome the sampling errors inherent in
      the technique of bone marrow aspiration.

PMID- 6575977
TI  - Angiotensin II-induced hypertension in the rat. Effects on the plasma
      concentration, renal excretion, and tissue release of prostaglandins.
AB  - We examined in rats the effects of intraperitoneal angiotensin II (AII) infusion
      for 12 d on urinary excretion, plasma concentration, and in vitro release of
      prostaglandin (PG) E2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, a PGI2 metabolite. AII at 200 ng/min
      increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) progressively from 125 +/- 3 to 170 +/- 9
      mmHg (P less than 0.01) and elevated fluid intake and urine volume. Urinary 6
      keto-PGF1 alpha excretion increased from 38 +/- 6 to 55 +/- 5 and 51 +/- 7 ng/d
      (P less than 0.05) on days 8 and 11, respectively, of AII infusion, but urinary
      PGE2 excretion did not change. Relative to a control value of 129 +/- 12 pg/ml in
      vehicle-infused (V) rats, arterial plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha concentration
      increased by 133% (P less than 0.01) with AII infusion. Aortic rings from AII
      infused rats released more 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (68 +/- 7 ng/mg) during 15-min
      incubation in Krebs solution than did rings from V rats (40 +/- 3 ng/mg); release
      of PGE2, which was less than 1% of that of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, was also increased.
      Slices of inner renal medulla from AII-infused rats released more 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha (14 +/- 1 ng/mg) during incubation than did slices from V rats (8 +/- 1
      ng/mg, P less than 0.05), but PGE2 release was not altered. In contrast, AII
      infusion did not alter release of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha or PGE2 from inferior vena
      cava segments or from renal cortex slices. Infusion of AII at 125 ng/min also
      increased SBP, plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha concentration, and in vitro release of 6
      keto-PGF1 alpha from rings of aorta and renal inner medulla slices; at 75 ng/min
      AII had no effect. SBP on AII infusion day 11 correlated positively with both 6
      keto-PGF1 alpha plasma concentration (r = 0.54) and net aortic ring release (r =
      0.70) when data from all rats were combined. We conclude that augmentation of
      PGI2 production is a feature of AII-induced hypertension. The enhancement of PGI2
      production may be an expression of nonspecific alteration in vascular structure
      and metabolic functions during AII-induced hypertension, as well as the result of
      a specific effect of the peptide on the arachidonate-prostaglandin system.

PMID- 6575979
TI  - Initial observation that cyclosporin-A induces gingival enlargement in man.

PMID- 6575980
TI  - Clinical parameters as predictors of destructive periodontal disease activity.

PMID- 6575981
TI  - Plaque-induced gingival inflammation in the absence of attached gingiva in dogs.
AB  - The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of plaque infection on
      gingival units (1) with or without support of attached gingiva and (2) with
      different height of the attachment apparatus. 7 beagle dogs were used. Prior to
      the initiation of the study 4 different types of "dentogingival" units had been
      established in each dog by the use of excisional and grafting procedures, namely
      (1) normal non-operated free gingival units supported by a wide zone of attached
      gingiva and normal height of the attachment apparatus, (2) regenerated free
      gingival units supported by loosely attached alveolar mucosa and normal height of
      the attachment apparatus, (3) regenerated free gingival units supported by
      loosely attached alveolar mucosa and reduced height of the attachment apparatus
      and (4) regenerated free gingival units supported by a wide zone of attached
      gingiva and reduced height of the supporting apparatus. A baseline examination
      involved assessments of plaque, gingivitis, gingival exudate, probing depth,
      clinical attachment level, position of the "soft tissue margin" and width of
      attached gingiva. Following this examination 2 of the dogs were scheduled for
      biopsy and sacrificed. The remaining 5 dogs were for 40 days placed on a diet
      regimen which allowed plaque accumulation. The clinical examination was repeated
      and biopsies sampled at the end of this period. Following preparation the biopsy
      material was subjected to histometric and morphometric analysis. The results
      showed that the free gingiva which regenerated following surgical excision of the
      entire gingiva or following soft tissue grafting, was in most respects,
      clinically as well as histologically, similar to the "normal" free gingiva. The
      data obtained after 40 days of plaque accumulation did not reveal any differences
      between the various "dentogingival" units regarding size and apical extension of
      the infiltrated portion of the connective tissue. It was concluded that a free
      gingival unit which is supported by loosely attached alveolar mucosa is not more
      susceptible to inflammation than a free gingival unit which is supported by a
      wide zone of attached gingiva.

PMID- 6575982
TI  - Comparison of different data analyses for detecting changes in attachment level.
AB  - The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate methods to detect
      periods of destructive periodontal disease activity in individual sites using
      pairs of repeated attachment level measurements. Attachment level measurements
      were made at 6 sites on every tooth in 22 individuals with radiographic evidence
      of periodontal destruction, and were repeated within 7 days. A total of 3414
      sites were monitored at 2-month intervals for approximately 1 year. 3 analytical
      procedures were used to test for significant changes in attachment level. For
      regression analysis, a linear least squares fit function of time in days vs
      attachment level was computed for each site and the slope tested for difference
      from 0. Running medians of 3 were used to smooth attachment level measurements
      and changes greater than 2 mm in the smoothed curves were considered significant.
      By the tolerance method, differences between pairs of attachment level
      measurements were used to compare the mean change and the site specific
      variability of that change. The proportion of specific agreement (Ps) for
      breaking down sites was highest between the tolerance and running median methods
      (Ps = 0.63). Overall agreement (kappa), which included sites which showed "loss",
      "gain", and no change was 0.56. By regression analysis (P less than 0.01), 175
      sites were identified as having significant attachment loss and 79 sites were
      identified as improving. By running medians these figures were 90 and 50, and by
      tolerance 94 and 40, respectively. Each of the 3 methods had certain advantages.
      Regression analysis was particularly sensitive to gradual changes in slope
      whereas the running median method detected abrupt changes in attachment level.
      The tolerance method was well suited to detecting changes over a short period of
      time. The tolerance and running median methods detected more breaking down sites
      on the molars and lower incisors and on interproximal surfaces; whereas
      regression analysis did not show these differences.

PMID- 6575983
TI  - Efficacy of paracetamol in reducing post-operative pain after periodontal
      surgery.
AB  - In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the efficacy of 2 doses of
      paracetamol (500 and 1000 mg) was assessed in post-operative pain after
      periodontal flap surgery. Both doses of paracetamol provided greater analgesia
      than placebo, however, significant analgesia (P less than 0.05) was only noted in
      the early post-operative period. The analgesia from both doses of paracetamol did
      not differ significantly throughout the 3-day observation period, however,
      greater analgesia was attributable to 1000 mg paracetamol in the immediate post
      operative period. The results from this study suggest that paracetamol is an
      effective analgesic for controlling post-operative pain after periodontal flap
      surgery, with 1000 mg dose being more effective than 500 mg immediately after
      surgery.

PMID- 6575984
TI  - A long junctional epithelium--a locus minoris resistentiae in plaque infection?

PMID- 6575985
TI  - Link between bulimia and depression unclear.

PMID- 6575986
TI  - Dentists and career satisfaction: an empirical view.

PMID- 6575988
TI  - Iatrogenic erosion of teeth.

PMID- 6575987
TI  - Enamel fluoride content after using amine fluoride- or monofluorophosphate-sodium
      fluoride-dentifrices.
AB  - The fluoride retention in enamel was determined in vivo comparing the short-term
      unsupervised use of amine fluoride- and monofluorophosphate-sodium fluoride
      dentifrices. Acid-etch enamel biopsies in the double-blind study showed that the
      fluoride content in enamel was significantly higher following use of the amine
      fluoride dentifrice, 959 ppm F vs 330 ppm F. Both dissolution of the enamel,
      determined by the amount of phosphorus (33.9 micrograms vs 50.9 micrograms) and
      the depth of etch (6.2 microns vs 9.6 microns) were significantly reduced after
      use of the amine fluoride compared to the monofluorophosphate-sodium fluoride
      combination.

PMID- 6575989
TI  - Prevalence of ankylosis of primary molars in different regions of the United
      States.

PMID- 6575990
TI  - Low dental caries in Jewish adolescent school pupils in South Africa.

PMID- 6575991
TI  - Cystic lesion associated with a primary canine with a treated pulp.

PMID- 6575992
TI  - Perleche: report of case.

PMID- 6575993
TI  - Phase variation of hyaluronidase-producing peptostreptococci associated with
      periodontal disease.
AB  - Peptostreptococci isolated from diseased periodontal pockets produced large
      amounts of extracellular hyaluronidase throughout their growth cycle. Phase
      variants, obtained by re-streaking aged colonies of the wild types, had different
      colonial morphology and shorter generation times. These variants produced less
      hyaluronidase, and enzyme production occurred only during the early stationary
      phase.

PMID- 6575994
TI  - Effect of eugenol on constrictor responses in blood vessels of the rabbit ear.
AB  - Aqueous solutions of eugenol depressed vasoconstrictor responses to exogenous
      norepinephrine (NE), histamine, and peri-arterial sympathetic nerve stimulation
      in the isolated central artery of the rabbit ear and in the isolated perfused
      whole rabbit ear. The depression was dose- and time-dependent, and was slowly
      reversible. Eugenol appeared to act as an inhibitor of smooth muscle
      contractility.

PMID- 6575995
TI  - Plastic deformation of orthodontic wires.
AB  - Theoretical predictions of the bending moments in the region of plastic behavior
      were accurate for beta titanium and stainless steel, but were consistently low in
      the far-elastic region for the three alloys studied.

PMID- 6575996
TI  - Quantitation of human salivary acidic proline-rich proteins in oral diseases.
AB  - Acidic proline-rich proteins (APRP) were quantitated immunochemically in salivary
      secretions from groups of: caries-resistant (CR) and caries-susceptible (CS)
      subjects; heavy- and light-calculus-formers; and patients with Sjogren's
      Syndrome, drug-induced xerostomia, and recurrent parotitis. In all groups except
      the parotitis patients, there were comparable levels of APRP, about 40-50 mg%,
      with similar values in parotid and submandibular saliva. In chronic recurrent
      parotitis, the values were somewhat higher (about 60 mg%). There were no
      differences in the proportion of APRP-A to C in a subset of CR and CS. Taken as a
      whole, the data support the view that the secretion of APRP is stable and that
      caries status and propensity to calculus formation are not associated with
      abnormal levels of these phosphoproteins.

PMID- 6575997
TI  - Comparative growth responses of oral streptococci on mixed saliva or the separate
      submandibular and parotid secretions from caries-active and caries-free
      individuals.
AB  - Growth of S. mutans on mixed or parotid saliva from CF individuals may be
      influenced by the availability of growth-supportive proteins or the inhibitory
      activity present in parotid saliva. A deficiency in growth-supportive proteins
      may explain the limited growth of S. sanguis on mixed or submandibular saliva
      from these individuals.

PMID- 6575998
TI  - Dentin permeability: effects of temperature on hydraulic conductance.
AB  - The rates of fluid movement across dentin discs, in vitro, were measured at 10,
      20, 30, 40, and 50 degrees C in unetched and acid-etched dentin. Increasing the
      temperature 40 degrees (i.e., from 10 to 50 degrees C) resulted in a 1.8-fold
      increase in fluid flow in unetched dentin, which was of a magnitude similar to
      the decrease in viscosity that occurred over the same temperature range. In acid
      etched dentin, the 40 degrees C temperature change produced more than a four-fold
      increase in fluid conductance, more than double that which could be accounted for
      by changes in viscosity. Analysis of the data suggests that this additional
      increment in hydraulic conductance is due to thermal expansion-induced increases
      in tubular diameter.

PMID- 6575999
TI  - Fusobacterium periodonticum, a new species from the human oral cavity.
AB  - Isolates of Fusobacterium that differ from type strains of various fusobacterial
      species with respect to DNA sequence, cellular fatty acid composition, and
      biochemical activity, were obtained from periodontitis lesions in a patient with
      insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. These isolates have the following
      distinguishing characteristics: 28% guanine + cytosine content; 40% or less DNA
      homology with type strains of representative fusobacterial species; cell size,
      0.5 - 1 X 4 -100 microns; absence of motility; ability to ferment glucose,
      fructose, and galactose, but not 25 other carbohydrates; ability to produce
      indole; ability to hydrolyze hippurate but not esculin; sensitivity to bile;
      ability to produce little or no gas; ability to utilize threonine but not
      lactate. We propose that the organisms be classified as a distinct species of
      Fusobacterium to be named Fusobacterium periodonticum. The type strain of this
      new species has been deposited with the American Type Culture Collection under
      the designation ATCC 33693.

PMID- 6576000
TI  - Concentration changes in surface Ca, P, F, Zn, Fe, and Sr during white spot
      formation.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of surface layer
      formation in artificial white spots. Two nondestructive nuclear micro-analysis
      techniques were employed to analyze windows of human dental enamel at progressive
      stages of an artificial lesion. Fluoride concentrations were measured to a depth
      of 9 micron using resonant reaction profiling. Surface concentrations of Ca, P,
      Zn, Fe, and Sr were measured using proton-induced X-ray emission. The enamel
      windows were analyzed longitudinally after zero, four, and 16 hours' exposure to
      lactic acid gels of pH 3.7 and pH 4.5. During the first four hr of lesion
      formation, nonfluoridated apatite was preferentially removed from the surface
      with up to a 40% loss of Ca and P, depending on the gel pH. The next 12 hr saw a
      build-up of Ca and P in the surface to values approaching those of healthy
      enamel. In comparison, F and Sr concentrations changed very little, Fe tended to
      show a small increase at the end of each demineralization period, and Zn was less
      readily lost and gained than was Ca. These results and others suggest that the
      white spot surface layer phenomenon is a combined
      demineralization/remineralization process aided by, but not requiring, the
      presence of endogenous fluoride.

PMID- 6576001
TI  - A microradiographic and chemical comparison of in vitro systems for the
      simulation of incipient caries in abraded bovine enamel.
AB  - An acetate buffer system, supersaturated with fluorapatite but not with
      hydroxyapatite, produced lesions in abraded bovine enamel which resembled human
      enamel caries lesions, both morphologically and in their F distribution. A
      gelatin-lactate system gave similar results when unpurified gelatin was used.
      Systems containing deionized gelatin, diphosphonate, or Ca and phosphate but no
      F, failed to produce caries-like lesions.

PMID- 6576002
TI  - The effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the metabolism of 14C
      arachidonic acid by human gingival tissue in vitro.
AB  - We investigated the effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on
      prostaglandins (PGs) and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) formation by
      inflamed human gingival tissues. Gingival tissue homogenates were incubated with
      14C-arachidonic acid in the presence of indomethacin, piroxicam, or ibuprofen,
      and the organic solvent extracts were chromatographed on silica gel plates with
      standards for radiometric assay. There was a significant negative trend between
      the doses (10(-7)-10(-3) M) of each of indomethacin, piroxicam, and ibuprofen,
      and the amounts of PGF2 alpha, PGE2, PGD2, and 15-keto-PGE2 produced. All three
      drugs have a significant inhibitory effect on PGs and 12-HETE production at 10(
      3) M when compared with the control. The rank order effectiveness of the drugs,
      at 10(-3) M, on PG inhibition was indomethacin greater than piroxicam greater
      than ibuprofen, and on 12-HETE inhibition was indomethacin greater than ibuprofen
      greater than piroxicam.

PMID- 6576004
TI  - Human factors in the measurement of the masseteric silent period.
AB  - Human variability in the measurement of the masseteric silent period (SP) was
      quantified. There were significant differences among (1) observer groups
      (technicians and dental students), (2) individual observers, (3) repeated
      measures of the same SP, and (4) trials. No significant observer bias was found.
      SP's were significantly longer at an inter-incisal distance of 10 mm (48.8 +/-
      5.4 ms) than at 14 or 19 mm (44.7 +/- 9.8 ms, 44.5 +/- 6.5 ms).

PMID- 6576003
TI  - Murine tooth organ transplantation after in vitro culture.
AB  - Molar tooth organs were transplanted from fetal and neonatal mouse donors as well
      as from cap-stage molar tooth organs following ten days of in vitro culture.
      Tooth organs from neonatal donors appeared to develop better than those from
      fetal donors in syngeneic recipients. Cultured allogeneic molar tooth organs
      appeared to survive longer than uncultured controls.

PMID- 6576005
TI  - Dental caries and strontium concentration in drinking water and surface enamel.
AB  - We investigated the possible cariostatic effect of strontium in the absence of
      effective amounts of fluoride by relating the DMFT index of the population to the
      strontium and fluoride concentrations in drinking water and enamel surfaces. The
      epidemiological survey was conducted in two neighboring districts in the
      northwest part of Greece, involving 582 children ranging in age from 11 to 14.
      The average DMFT values were 5.26 in the high-strontium (2.9-7 ppm Sr) area and
      6.95 in the low-strontium (0.2-1.3 ppm Sr) area, while fluoride was low (less
      than 0.06 ppm) in both districts. Further, the average strontium concentration in
      surface enamel was higher in the high-strontium area.

PMID- 6576006
TI  - Estimates of the gain in power utilizing transformations of DMFS scores.
AB  - More than 100,000 clinical caries trials were simulated utilizing the negative
      binomial distribution on a UNIVAC 1100 computer. In each trial, the raw data and
      logarithmic transformed data were analyzed using a standard t test analysis. The
      results were summarized as estimates of the power functions for each case. In
      almost all cases, the transformed data gave greater power than did the
      untransformed data. In several common situations, the differences were dramatic.

PMID- 6576007
TI  - Media and promoting dentistry.

PMID- 6576008
TI  - Keyes' method.

PMID- 6576009
TI  - Battle for fluoridation.

PMID- 6576010
TI  - Fluoride therapy.

PMID- 6576011
TI  - Conservative treatment.

PMID- 6576012
TI  - Sealant questions.

PMID- 6576014
TI  - Contract practice: an alternative.

PMID- 6576013
TI  - Dental hygiene in a new light.

PMID- 6576015
TI  - The legalities of the employer-employee relationship.

PMID- 6576016
TI  - Dentists' perceptions of the 'good' adult patient: an exploratory study.

PMID- 6576017
TI  - Summary results of the Kentucky dental practice demonstration: a cooperative
      project with practicing general dentists.

PMID- 6576018
TI  - Residual cysts masquerading as periapical lesions: three case reports.
AB  - A residual cyst is an odontogenic lesion that survives after the removal of the
      associated tooth. The presence of this lesion adjacent to a remaining tooth may
      lead to incorrect, incomplete, or delayed treatment because it mimics a
      periapical lesion on the retained tooth. Three cases are reported that describe
      such conditions.

PMID- 6576019
TI  - Subcutaneous emphysema after extraction of maxillary teeth: report of a case.
AB  - Inappropriate use of dental equipment that is powered by highly compressed air
      may directly lead to the formation of subcutaneous emphysema that involves the
      fascial planes of the head and neck. The high-speed dental handpiece and the air
      and water dental syringe are the instruments that are most commonly implicated in
      the reported cases. The treatment of such cases requires a reassured patient,
      prophylactic antibiotic coverage, and close postoperative follow-up care.
      Patients should avoid maneuvers that could increase intraoral pressure. Complete
      resolution should be expected within one week.

PMID- 6576020
TI  - The application of blue polymer curing lights for diagnostic transillumination.

PMID- 6576021
TI  - A laboratory study of changes in vertical dimension using acrylic resin and
      porcelain teeth.
AB  - A controlled investigation was conducted to compare the increase in vertical
      dimension of complete dentures after processing using acrylic resin and porcelain
      teeth. The smallest increase in vertical dimension was obtained using acrylic
      resin teeth.

PMID- 6576022
TI  - An evaluation of the six-year combined predental-dental program at Case Western
      Reserve University: the first decade.

PMID- 6576023
TI  - The Minnesota dental practice analysis system.
AB  - The Minnesota Dental Practice Analysis System (DPAS) is a three-year project
      sponsored cooperatively by the University of Minnesota's School of Dentistry,
      Health Services Research Center, and the Minnesota Dental Association. The
      primary intent of the DPAS is to generate timely, reliable information on dental
      practice conditions for dental work force planning efforts. The system
      semiannually collects data from a representative sample of Minnesota dentists to
      monitor trends in such important areas as practice productivity, auxiliary
      utilization, types of procedures performed, payment mechanisms, and dental fees.
      Preliminary results of the project indicate that, in comparison with 1980
      indicators, overall practice conditions among established Minnesota dentists have
      declined.

PMID- 6576024
TI  - Asymptomatic, nonulcerated, freely movable nodule in the anterior floor of the
      mouth.
AB  - Small, localized aggregations of lymphoid tissue can occur commonly in the oral
      cavity, especially in the soft palate, the floor of the mouth, and the ventral
      surface of the tongue. They normally appear clinically as asymptomatic, small,
      soft, pink, and discrete swellings situated immediately beneath the surface
      epithelium. Chronic irritation may cause the tissue to enlarge and become
      symptomatic. Clinicians should be aware of the existence of these rather common
      oral lesions and include them in a differential consideration of small, freely
      movable, nonulcerated subepithelial swellings in the oral cavity. Microscopic
      examination is indicated to rule out a more serious disease, especially a
      developing neoplastic process.

PMID- 6576025
TI  - Continuing education course listing for July to December 1983.

PMID- 6576026
TI  - Dental hygiene education.

PMID- 6576027
TI  - Keyes' method.

PMID- 6576029
TI  - Promoting the value of dental health.

PMID- 6576028
TI  - Pigmented macule on the lower lip.

PMID- 6576030
TI  - Tetracycline and lactation.

PMID- 6576031
TI  - Safety of dental amalgam.

PMID- 6576032
TI  - Saccharin questions and answers.

PMID- 6576033
TI  - Overcoming dental fear: strategies for its prevention and management.

PMID- 6576034
TI  - Research holds promise for new techniques in pain prevention.

PMID- 6576035
TI  - AIDS: an occupational hazard?

PMID- 6576036
TI  - Practice patterns of recent female dental graduates.
AB  - Current practice patterns of female dentists were recorded through a survey of
      130 women who received their professional degrees between 1975 and 1981. Replies
      were received from 95 individuals, a 73% response rate. More than three quarters
      of the respondents are in private practice full- or part-time. Those in part-time
      practice most frequently combine that activity with another dental activity such
      as teaching or hospital service. Most respondents are in general practice, with
      24% in various specialty fields. In general, practice patterns of women dentists
      approximate those of recent male graduates. Important elements that have an
      effect on individual female practitioners include not only the drive for
      professional achievement, but also personal factors such as societal attitudes
      toward professional women and the role of the female dentist as a wife and
      mother. Unresolved conflicts that exist in these areas require further attention
      and evaluation by the profession.

PMID- 6576037
TI  - Inhibition of experimental dental caries using an intraoral fluoride-releasing
      device.
AB  - An intraoral fluoride releasing device designed to provide continual topical
      fluoride therapy for the prevention of dental caries was found to be effective in
      inhibiting caries in the rat model. Animals fitted with an intraoral device that
      released approximately 0.15 mg of fluoride per day developed 63% fewer carious
      enamel areas than animals receiving no treatment. Fluoridated drinking water (10
      ppm) produced a 25% reduction in carious enamel areas. The fluoride-releasing
      device was more effective than ad libitum fluoridated drinking water in
      inhibiting caries on the approximal and sulcal surfaces. These results agree with
      the hypothesis that the continual presence of fluoride in oral fluids enhances
      the cariostatic effect of fluoride and, when combined with the results of earlier
      primate and human trials of the intraoral fluoride-releasing device, suggest that
      this fluoride delivery system can be developed into an effective anticaries
      agent.

PMID- 6576038
TI  - Recommendations on administratively required dental radiographs.
AB  - The FDA recommendation on administratively required dental X-ray examinations
      states a principle that has been frequently endorsed by the American Dental
      Association. This recommendation, developed through a formal review process,
      reflects the views of dentists, educators, insurance carriers, professional
      societies, and other interested health professionals. Simply stated, it urges
      dentists to perform only X-ray examinations that are necessary for the patient's
      immediate dental needs. Dentists and others are urged to refer to this
      recommendation when presented with requests for radiographs considered
      unnecessary for patient care.

PMID- 6576039
TI  - Incisor mamelon morphology: diagnostic indicators of abnormal development.

PMID- 6576040
TI  - Preferred provider organizations and dentistry. Council on Dental Care Programs.

PMID- 6576041
TI  - Statement on diet and dental caries. Council on Dental Health and Health
      Planning, Council on Dental Research, Council on Dental Therapeutics.

PMID- 6576042
TI  - Suggestions for dietary assessment. Council on Dental Health and Health Planning.

PMID- 6576043
TI  - Accredited dental schools. Commission on Dental Accreditation.

PMID- 6576044
TI  - [Biodegradable ceramics as a biomaterial].

PMID- 6576046
TI  - [Statistical survey on cysts of the jaw].

PMID- 6576045
TI  - [The effect on dental caries of topically applied acidulated phosphate fluoride
      solution. Evaluation by double-blind test].

PMID- 6576047
TI  - [Mass application of the advanced Snyder test to 5-year-old children in
      kindergarten].

PMID- 6576048
TI  - [Oral trichomonads. 3. Cryo-preservation of Trichomonas tenax and its
      antimicrobial susceptibilities to various antibiotics].

PMID- 6576049
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of the dental plaque on human wisdom teeth].

PMID- 6576050
TI  - Enzymatic determination of polyamines. Polyamines as biochemical markers for
      cancer.

PMID- 6576051
TI  - Morphogenesis of the neural fold and the otic vesicle in cultured mouse embryos.

PMID- 6576052
TI  - Rate of protein excretion of rat submandibular and parotid saliva elicited by
      different stimuli.

PMID- 6576053
TI  - [Two cases of emphysema after tooth extraction].

PMID- 6576054
TI  - A comparison of the effects of Class III and Ten-Two mechanics on the mandibular
      incisor.

PMID- 6576055
TI  - Evaluation: tipped teeth, anchorage, and Tweed occlusion.

PMID- 6576056
TI  - A statistical study of Tweed cephalometric variations before and after treatment.

PMID- 6576057
TI  - Re-treatment of an extreme class II, division I malocclusion in an adult patient:
      a case report.

PMID- 6576058
TI  - Treatment of class II division I malocclusion: a case report.

PMID- 6576059
TI  - A class II, division I bimaxillary protrusion: a case report.

PMID- 6576060
TI  - Predictive signals in the developing mandibular dentition of the growing child.

PMID- 6576061
TI  - Control--the key to successful treatment.

PMID- 6576062
TI  - Treatment goals of the Charles H. Tweed Foundation after 50 years.

PMID- 6576063
TI  - HLA A*, B*-BF* and C4 A*, B* allele associations, with special reference to
      BF*S07, in the Tunisian population.
AB  - The HLA A*2, Bw*50-BF*S07-C4 A*2, B*1 linkage group was transmitted unambiguously
      in four unrelated Tunisian families. In one of these, another allele association,
      also carrying BF*S07, HLA A*9, Bw*50-BF*S07-C4 A*1, B*1, was encountered. The
      previously reported linkage disequilibrium between BF*S07 and HLA Bw*50, a
      subtypic specificity of HLA Bw*21, is confirmed in our study. The C4 A*2, B*1
      haplotype, rare in the other populations until now studied, seems more frequent
      in Tunisia since it has been also found linked to HLA A*11, B*27 and BF*S in one
      of these families. Other allele associations were unambiguously demonstrated with
      predominantly the C4 A*3, B*1 haplotype, particularly a rare HLA A*3, B*18-BF*F1
      C4 A*3, B*1 linkage group. A silent gene at the C4 A locus was found linked to
      HLA B*8.

PMID- 6576064
TI  - Part III. Everything you always wanted to know about X-rays (but were afraid to
      ask).

PMID- 6576065
TI  - Update on erosion--an operative dentistry problem.

PMID- 6576066
TI  - Trichosporon capitatum: thrush-like oral infection, local invasion, fungaemia and
      metastatic abscess formation in a leukaemic patient.
AB  - A thrush-like oral infection with subsequent alveolar abscess formation and a
      positive blood culture due to Trichosporon capitatum developed in a patient with
      acute myelogenous leukaemia. Later T. capitatum was identified by indirect
      immunofluorescence in multiple splenic abscesses. The infection was controlled by
      immediate aggressive treatment with amphotericin B, flucytosine and rifampicin
      and by splenectomy. This case of systemic T. capitatum infection resembles
      somewhat the invasive mycosis due to candida.

PMID- 6576068
TI  - ["Painless" pedodontic treatment].

PMID- 6576067
TI  - [Intrafamilial transfer of Streptococcus mutans].

PMID- 6576069
TI  - [Surgical approach to reversed occlusion].

PMID- 6576071
TI  - [Trends of dental materials and dental engineering].

PMID- 6576070
TI  - [Accidents related to anesthesia].

PMID- 6576072
TI  - [Dental materials in conservative dentistry].

PMID- 6576073
TI  - [New trends in dental materials].

PMID- 6576074
TI  - [Characteristics and methods of various root filling technics].

PMID- 6576075
TI  - [Present status and prospects of dentistry in Japan].

PMID- 6576076
TI  - [Management of the cervical area in preparation for crown restoration].

PMID- 6576077
TI  - [National dental health survey and its implications].

PMID- 6576078
TI  - [Plaque control in clinical dentistry].

PMID- 6576079
TI  - [Dental hygienists: scope of their work].

PMID- 6576080
TI  - [Dental radiography: discussion].

PMID- 6576081
TI  - [Dental health survey of 1981].

PMID- 6576082
TI  - [Maxillary anterior caries in children and DMF index in 3-year-old children in
      the Yamanashi prefecture].

PMID- 6576083
TI  - [Diagnosis of ovarian tumors by CT and 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy].
AB  - Computed tomography (CT) and 67Ga-citrate computer scintigraphy (67Ga-CS) were
      carried out on 184 patients with ovarian tumors. CT(EMI scanner model 5005/12 or
      General Electric model CT/TX-2) was performed in 169 cases and 67Ga-GS in 128,
      after visualization and calculation by computer. In 113 cases diagnosis was made
      with the combined use of both methods and CT number and ROI counts in 67Ga-CS
      were obtained. Dermoid cysts were easily detected by their characteristic CT
      image and CT number. The mechanism by which 67Ga accumulated in malignant tumors
      was investigated and 67Ga was found mainly in microsome and mitochondria
      fractions of the cell, and bound to protein with a molecular weight of about
      70,000 daltons. The accuracy and clinical evaluation of CT, 67Ga-CS and their
      combined use were compared to those of bimanual pelvic examination. The
      diagnostic accuracy in differentiating between cystic and solid tumors was 77.9%
      by bimanual, 85.8% in CT, 75.2% in 67Ga-CS and 87.6% in combined use. The
      accuracy in differentiating between benign and malignant tumors was 74.3%, 88.5%,
      92.0% and 94.7% respectively. The combined use of CT and 67Ga-CS could guarantee
      higher accuracy in diagnosis than bimanual pelvic examination, and was considered
      to be a valuable diagnostic method.

PMID- 6576084
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma of the temporal bone.
AB  - A case of osteogenic sarcoma of the temporal bone is reported. Most probably the
      sarcoma was induced by previous irradiation. The patient was treated by a wide
      temporal bone resection, but the tumour recurred three months after operation.
      The possibility of late-induced osteosarcoma of the temporal bone must be kept in
      mind when planning the irradiation of tumours of the nasopharynx.

PMID- 6576085
TI  - Improvement in the augmentation genioplasty via suprahyoid muscle repositioning.
AB  - The surgical correction of chin deficiency has been accomplished by a variety of
      surgical procedures. In most instances the surgical augmentation of the chin
      produces good improvement in chin-lips-nose balance as well as the neck-chin
      angle. However, in certain patients, the neck-chin angle is not satisfactorily
      improved with augmentation genioplasty alone, due to an aberrant position of the
      hyoid bone and its associated suprahyoid muscles. In such instances, one should
      consider simultaneous suprahyoid muscle repositioning additionally, to improve
      the neck-chin angle. The indications, surgical technique and a representative
      case are presented.

PMID- 6576086
TI  - Formhydroxamic acid-induced malformations of the temporo-mandibular joint.
AB  - Formhydroxamic acid was given to pregnant rats in order to produce anomalies of
      the temporo-mandibular joint. Especially successful in our hands was the dosage
      of 500-550 mg./kg. given intraperitoneally on day 13. The resulting malformations
      were very much akin to those seen in human patients.

PMID- 6576087
TI  - Persistent mandibular infection in three patients with lazy and incompetent
      phagocyte syndromes.
AB  - Three patients with the lazy phagocyte syndrome suffered from recurrent
      infections in the orofacial region which persisted despite treatment with
      antibiotics. All had neutrophil counts at the lower normal limits which did not
      increase after strenuous exercise or rise during infections. Tests of chemotaxis,
      random mobility and the skin window were abnormal. Ingestion and intracellular
      killing, however, were normal in one patient and abnormal in two. The findings
      are compatible with the lazy leucocyte syndrome but the symptoms were not
      manifest in early childhood as originally described by Miller et al. (1971), and
      the neutrophil counts were not as low as in his patients. Two of our patients
      also differed in showing a defective intracellular killing for Candida albicans.
      The lazy leucocyte syndrome should now be recognized to include different
      variants, some with late onset, a range in the degree of neutropenia, and some
      with defective ingestion and killing, though all possess a basic intrinsic defect
      of movement.

PMID- 6576088
TI  - Therapeutic implications of an intraoral malignancy complicated by Darier-White's
      disease.
AB  - A 69-year-old white male with a long history of severe Darier-White's disease
      presented with an extensive intraoral malignancy. High dose external supervoltage
      radiotherapy (Cobalt-60) to the tumour caused remarkable clearing of the
      hyperkeratotic lesions involving the overlying skin. Subsequently, surgical
      resection of the tumour with staged reconstruction of the jaw was carried out.
      The presence of the skin disorder did not adversely affect the surgical procedure
      nor the subsequent wound healing. Darier-White's disease, therefore, should not
      be a deterrent to radical radiotherapy and/or surgery for concomitant malignancy.

PMID- 6576089
TI  - Marsupialization as a possible diagnostic aid in cystic ameloblastoma. Case
      report.
AB  - Two cases of cystic ameloblastoma are described in which the diagnosis was
      established after marsupialization. Although the clinical and radiographic
      findings strongly suggested the diagnosis of ameloblastoma, the initial
      incisional biopsy specimens consisted of cystic walls lined with squamous
      epithelium which showed in both cases no evidence of ameloblastic proliferation.
      Marsupialization could be a diagnostic aid in these cases since relief of
      intracystic pressure may trigger regeneration of a solid mass of tumour in a
      monocystic ameloblastoma with cells possessing potentiality for spontaneous
      proliferation.

PMID- 6576090
TI  - Fractures of the facial skeleton in Greece. A retrospective study covering 1791
      cases in 10 years.
AB  - 1791 fractures of the facial skeleton covering 10 years are reviewed. There was a
      3:1 male/female relationship and the majority of the cases involved the 11 to 30
      years old group. Road traffic accidents by far (58%) outnumber any other cause
      for the injury. 56.03% of the cases arrived from the greater Athens area, which
      is inhabited by 40% of the population of the country. There were 1.5 fractures
      per patient and in the majority of the cases (78%) the mandible was involved.

PMID- 6576091
TI  - Mandibular reconstruction using a special plate. Animal experiments and clinical
      application.
AB  - The use of a variety of procedures and techniques for mandibular reconstruction
      suggest that no satisfactory solutions have been found with regard to restoration
      of functional stability, joint function and masticatory function. In view of the
      varied clinical problems involving restoration of mandibular function, we
      developed our own reconstruction plate, a condylar prosthesis, and a
      reconstruction plate with a condylar head. The U-shaped notches of the
      reconstruction plate permitted universal adaptation of the plates by means of
      special pliers. The most important result of the animal experiments was the
      achievement of stability under functional stress. This made intermaxillary
      fixation unnecessary. The preliminary experience in our clinical cases with the
      reconstruction plate showed a reduction of masticatory disability. The clinical
      results corresponded well with those of the animal experiments, and thus
      confirmed the value of the experimental model chosen.

PMID- 6576093
TI  - Biomechanics of the knee joint in normal and pathological gait an
      electrogoniometric study.

PMID- 6576092
TI  - Somatic and germline mosaicism in interspecific chimaeras between Mus musculus
      and Mus caroli.
AB  - Detailed analysis of mosaicism in interspecific chimaeras between Mus musculus
      and Mus caroli revealed that cells of the two species could coexist and interact
      normally in all tissues studied. No selection occurred against M. caroli cells
      during gestation of chimaeras in the M. musculus uterus, but some tissue-specific
      differential growth of M. musculus and M. caroli cells occurred during postnatal
      development. Similar effects have, however, been reported in interstrain M.
      musculus chimaeras. The similarity between inter- and intraspecific chimaeric
      growth patterns supports the use of this interspecific system as a model for
      analysing cell lineage relationships during development.

PMID- 6576095
TI  - Intrahepatic stones: probable factors, clinical manifestations, and recent
      advances in diagnosis.

PMID- 6576094
TI  - Tetralogy of Fallot with classic and unusual ventricular septal defect.

PMID- 6576096
TI  - Afibrinogenemia and thrombocytopenia following crotalid snake bites in Taiwan.

PMID- 6576097
TI  - Normalization of electrocardiogram after myocardial infarction-a hemodynamic and
      angiographic study.

PMID- 6576098
TI  - Platelet aggregation in severe hypophosphatemia.

PMID- 6576099
TI  - Serum creatine kinase activity and its isoenzymes in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

PMID- 6576100
TI  - [A canine model for porous ingrowth in total hip replacement].

PMID- 6576101
TI  - [Electrophysiological changes in carpal tunnel syndrome].

PMID- 6576102
TI  - [Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy of esophageal varices].

PMID- 6576103
TI  - [Evaluation of functional recovery following digital replantation].

PMID- 6576104
TI  - [Spontaneous biliary enteric fistula].

PMID- 6576105
TI  - [The development of the prepuce].

PMID- 6576106
TI  - [Blunt abdominal trauma: a review of 217 cases undergoing surgery].

PMID- 6576107
TI  - [Fibrosarcoma of the larynx - a case report].

PMID- 6576108
TI  - Subclavian pseudoaneurysm after clavicle fracture - a case report - .

PMID- 6576109
TI  - Acute emphysematous cholecystitis - 2 case reports.

PMID- 6576110
TI  - Neuropsychological abnormalities in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.
AB  - Seven patients with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome underwent an extensive
      psychological and neuropsychological examination. On psychological examination,
      it was found that consistent with previous reports these patients had a high
      incidence of Verbal IQ-Performance IQ discrepancies on the Revised Wechsler
      Intelligence Scale for Children, and had average mental arithmetic but poor
      written arithmetic. On neuropsychological examination, no single measure was
      performed poorly by all subjects, but there was a high incidence of poor
      performance on several measures from the Halstead-Reitan Battery. High frequency
      of abnormal performance for age was observed on the Category, Trail Making and
      Tactual Performance Tests. In addition, the patients had an interesting pattern
      of average auditory attention span but poor visual attention span. The pattern of
      visuomotor and visuospatial deficits was discussed with respect to possible
      underlying mechanisms.

PMID- 6576111
TI  - The normal and aberrant development of synaptic structures between parallel
      fibers and Purkinje cell dendritic spines.
AB  - Under normal circumstances the dendritic spines of the cerebellar Purkinje cell
      differentiate in association with the parallel fibers formed by the descending
      granule cells. In the adult these elements form the most frequent synapse of the
      cerebellar cortex. In certain conditions, however, the granule cells are
      destroyed before they form the parallel fibers. Nevertheless, unattached
      dendritic spines are found which are complete with submembranous densities. Their
      cytochemical reactions and their morphology in both thin section and after freeze
      fracture are indistinguishable from normal spines except for the fact that they
      are unattached to any presynaptic elements. Examples of the formation of
      unattached presynaptic endings have also been observed. We conclude, therefore,
      that at least in some instances, pre- and postsynaptic terminals may form without
      benefit of the direct one-to-one influence of their synaptic mates.

PMID- 6576112
TI  - The search for selective dopaminergic autoreceptor agonists.
AB  - In the course of a search for new selective dopamine (DA) autoreceptor agonists
      the DA analogue 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-N-n-propylpiperidine, 3-PPP, was resolved
      into its dextro-(+) and levo-(-) rotatory enantiomers. The compounds were
      pharmacologically evaluated by means of behavioural and biochemical methods.
      Surprisingly, both (+)-and (-)-3-PPP show clearcut, but differential, effects on
      the DA receptors. Thus, (+)-3-PPP is a DA receptor agonist with activity on
      autoreceptors as well as postsynaptic receptors, whereas (-)-3-PPP similarly
      activates DA autoreceptors but, in contrast, concomitantly acts as an antagonist
      on postsynaptic DA receptors. Moreover, the behavioural/biochemical profile seems
      to indicate a preferential limbic action for the (-)-enantiomer. Such an action
      could be explained on the basis of different feedback arrangements in the
      nigrostriatal and mesolimbic DA systems and it is suggested that compounds such
      as (-)-3-PPP may find future clinical application as "second-generation"
      antipsychotic agents, lacking in the debilitating motor side effects produced by
      drugs in current therapeutic use.

PMID- 6576113
TI  - Dopamine receptor sites and states in human brain.
AB  - Of the several dopamine-sensitive sites in the brain, the one that most
      correlates with psychomotor behaviour is the D2 receptor. This receptor has two
      states. The D2Hi state is characterized by its nM affinity for dopamine. The D2Lo
      state is typified by its microM affinity for dopamine. Neuroleptics have the same
      affinity (50 pM for spiperone) for both states. Guanine nucleotides convert most,
      if not all, of the D2Hi sites into D2Lo sites. Any D2Hi sites which are
      insensitive to GTP, if such exist, may be separate D4 sites. In addition to the
      binding of 3H-spiperone being higher in post-mortem schizophrenic brains, the
      proportions of the D2 receptor in the D2Hi state appear to be less in preliminary
      data on the schizophrenic brain.

PMID- 6576115
TI  - D2-protein and D3-protein as markers for synaptic turnover and concentration.
AB  - The D2-protein is in the brain present on the external surface of neurones,
      especially in newly formed processes and in synapses. In olfactory bulb, where
      synaptogenesis occur at a high rate, the concentration is twice the concentration
      in rat forebrain. D2-protein is probably involved in interneuronal adhesion
      during neuronal migration and synaptogenesis. The D3-protein is mainly present in
      mature synapses. Both proteins were studied in density gradient fractionated
      microsomes and osmotically shocked synaptosomes. It is suggested that the
      concentration of these proteins may be used as an index for synaptic turnover and
      density in both rodent and human brain.

PMID- 6576114
TI  - Interactions of ergot compounds with dopamine receptors and endocrine functions.
AB  - Ergot compounds may affect endocrine systems through stimulatory and inhibitory
      dopamine receptors at the hypothalamic and the pituitary level. In most cases,
      with the exception of the prolactin and the melanotropin cell receptors, the
      characterization of the dopamine receptor involved is not yet satisfactory.
      Comparing in vivo or in vitro dopaminomimetic activities of ergot compounds
      produces a multiplicity of profiles of actions without a clear pattern.

PMID- 6576116
TI  - General properties of 14C-L-Valine-binding to human brain tissue.
AB  - L-Valine (VAL) binding is saturable, reversible, linear within a protein
      concentration of 0.2 to 0.8 mg prot./ml, pH dependent (pH-optimum 7.1 to 7.4),
      temperature dependent with extremely low binding at 0-4 degrees C; the assay runs
      at 37 degrees C; it is ion dependent (Bmax:CaCl2 (5mM): + 100%; NaCl (5 mM): 
      50%); very sensitive to TRITON X-100 (Bmax at 0.01%; -70%); N-ethylmaleimide (0.5
      mM): Competitive inhibition; no change in non-specific binding; there are no
      effects by puromycin plus GTP; VAL binds to synaptic membranes of human frontal
      cortex with KD-values several fold lower than that observed with homogenates, the
      distribution of VAL-binding is different in various human brain areas and can be
      inhibited by L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-serine, DL-threonine, glycine and D
      valine, while aromatic amino acids, beta-alanine, GABA, taurine, glutamate,
      proline and gamma-glutamyltaurine have no effects of 10(-3) M.

PMID- 6576117
TI  - 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors in neurones and glia.
AB  - Crude membranal fractions isolated from mammalian brain tissue contain two
      classes of recognition sites capable of binding [3H]5-HT with high affinity
      constants. These classes of sits are characteristics of the postsynaptosomal
      membrane fraction for the higher affinity and of a glial cell membrane fraction
      for the lowest. They are observed with similar properties in cultured neuronal
      and glial cell respectively. Two 5-HT stimulated adenylate cyclases are present
      in crude membrane fraction; they are also separable as neuronal and glial
      components. These observations correspond likely to the existence of two classes
      of receptors for 5-HT. Their mechanisms of regulation involve presumably
      structural conformation changes of the recognition site coupled to various states
      of the activity of the receptor.

PMID- 6576118
TI  - A possible relationship between folic acid neurotoxicity and cholinergic
      receptors in the pyriform cortex and amygdala.
AB  - The substantia innominata complex (SI) is the major source of cholinergic
      innervation to the amygdala, entorhinal and pyriform cortices, and the neocortex.
      Immunohistochemical studies using both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to
      choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) have clearly identified that the large size
      neurons of this area are cholinergic. We have lesioned this area by three
      methods: electrocoagulation, kainic acid (KA) injection and folic acid (FA)
      injection. Biochemical (GAD, ChAT and QNB binding) and histological studies of
      the SI and its known target areas as well as the hippocampus, thalamus and
      striatum were undertaken. Histologically, electrolytic and KA (2 nmol) lesions
      produced extensive local damage, but local damage was minimal with FA (100-250
      nmol). Electrolytic lesions produced no remote neuronal damage. KA injections
      produced mild to moderate damage in the amygdala and cortex, while FA produced
      severe damage in the amygdala and pyriform cortex, with less severe damage in the
      entorhinal cortex and neocortex. Biochemically, electrolytic lesions produced
      drops in ChAT only in remote areas. Kainic acid produced moderate drops in ChAT,
      GAD and QNB binding. FA, on the other hand, produced only a minimal change in
      ChAT, but very heavy reductions in GAD and QNB binding. Thus, GABA neurons of the
      cortex were damaged. They may also be the cholinoceptive neurons that were
      damaged. The remote damage following KA and, particularly, FA, is presumed to be
      due to the epileptiform activity induced by the local injection of these agents.
      Reduction in both seizures and remote damage was brought about by pre-treatment
      of the animals with valium (20 mg/kg) or scopolamine (50 mg/kg). Injection of FA
      into the amygdala or striatum produced some remote damage but it was much less in
      magnitude than after SI injection.

PMID- 6576119
TI  - Differentiation--dependent changes of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and
      other synapse-associated proteins.
AB  - Developmentally regulated changes were followed by analyzing the appearance of
      synapse-associated proteins of the electric organ of Torpedo marmorata. At early
      stages of development acetylcholine receptor and acetylcholine esterase are
      distributed diffusely over the myotube surface. With differentiation they become
      increasingly restricted to the central cell surface. This process occurs before
      axons contact the electrocytes. As soon as axons begin to contact electrocytes
      one finds a rapid increase in acetylcholine receptor concentration, which is
      shortly followed by an increased synthesis of 17 S AChE. The final stages of the
      synapse formation coincide with increasing amounts of a hydrophobic 6 S AChE and
      increasing amounts of Mr43000 polypeptides, suggesting that the appearance of
      these components is linked to the maturation of receptor and synapse function.

PMID- 6576120
TI  - Receptor blockade and synaptic function.
AB  - When a neurotransmitter substance is released into a synaptic cleft it acts upon
      subsynaptic receptors to induce a response of the target cell and also interacts
      with systems which act to remove the substance. At no time is there an
      equilibrium, and it is inappropriate to apply equilibrium kinetics to predict the
      consequences of modifying the system, e.g. by blocking receptors. A mathematical
      model predicts that the subsynaptic response to each package or "quantum" of
      transmitter may be insensitive to competitive receptor blockade, or to quite
      large changes in receptor density, provided the density of receptors is normally
      enough for efficient capture of transmitter. This prediction is borne out by
      experimental data from the voltage-clamped mouse neuromuscular junction; it
      requires blockade or removal of about 80% of receptors (90% after poisoning of
      acetylcholinesterase) to reduce the miniature end-plate current, i.e. the action
      of a quantum if nerve-released acetylcholine (ACh), by 50%. On the other hand,
      drugs that interfere with receptor function without preventing ACh binding to
      receptors can be just as (or more) effective in blocking nerve-applied as in
      blocking exogenously applied transmitter substances. At the neuromuscular
      junction this is seen with receptor desensitization, and "non-specific" agents
      such as local and general anaesthetics. We conclude that care must be taken in
      extrapolating from data re receptor number and/or occupancy by blocking drugs to
      consequences in terms of synaptic function.

PMID- 6576121
TI  - High-resolution radioautographic study of dopamine binding sites in the rat
      neostriatum using 3H-domperidone.
AB  - The possibility to use the new ligand 3H-domperidone to identify some dopamine
      binding sites at the ultrastructural level was assessed in the neostriatum after
      in vivo administration and high-resolution radioautography. Since this ligand
      does not cross the blood-brain barrier, intracerebral injections were performed,
      which resulted in a gradient of diffusion of the tracer. According to increasing
      distances to the injection site, a quantitative study of the radioautographic
      reaction was realized. An intense and diffuse reaction took place in the vicinity
      of the injection site in control rats. On the contrary, numerous accumulations of
      silver grains were observed in the peripheral zone. The statistical analysis of
      the distribution of the clusters showed that they were more numerous over the
      contacts between nerve terminals and dendritic spines than expected from a
      distribution at random; moreover half of these labelled contacts were
      differentiated in synapses of the asymmetric type. When the animals were
      pretreated with haloperidol in order to block the dopaminergic binding sites, we
      found a decrease in the total number of the number of silver grains. A decrease
      in the number of clusters of silver grains was noted over nerve terminals and
      synaptic contacts in both peripheral zones while the nonspecific labelling was
      increased over other structures. We conclude to the possibility of the detection
      of the dopaminergic binding sites by electron microscopic radioautography.
      Moreover we confirm the existence of dopaminergic synapses in the neostriatum
      with this new technique.

PMID- 6576122
TI  - Human platelet phenol sulfotransferase: partial purification and detection of two
      forms of the enzyme.
AB  - To begin to study the usefulness of platelet phenol sulfotransferase (PST) as a
      possible measure of the enzyme activity in other organs such as the brain, we
      purified human platelet PST 36-120-fold. Activity toward 3-methoxy-4
      hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and phenol
      eluted in the same Sephadex G-100 and Affi-Gel Blue column fractions. Specific
      activities of the enzyme with MHPG, dopamine, 5-HT, and phenol as substrates were
      1198, 1068, 401, and 408 units/mg protein, respectively. Optimal assay conditions
      were established for each substrate. Apparent Km values were 598 microM, 21
      microM, 19 microM, and 500 microM for MHPG, dopamine, phenol, and 5-HT,
      respectively. Apparent Km values for 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS)
      with the same four substrates ranged from 0.11 to 0.25 microM. The pH optima were
      6.3 for phenol, 6.8 for dopamine, and 7.0 for MHPG and 5-HT. An additional pH
      optimum at 8.6 was present for 5-HT. A thermolabile form of the enzyme measured
      with dopamine and 5-HT, as well as a thermostable form measured with phenol, were
      present. Dichloronitrophenol (10(-5) M) noncompetitively inhibited the
      thermostable enzyme activity by 96% but decreased the thermolabile activity by
      only 36%. These studies provide the basis for a more accurate comparison of human
      platelet PST with the enzyme in the human brain and in other tissues.

PMID- 6576123
TI  - Life-threatening diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium in a child undergoing therapy
      for acute lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6576124
TI  - Salivary ABO antibodies and periodontal disease.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine and to compare the titers of salivary
      anti-A and anti-B antibodies in two groups of patients with periodontal disease
      as measured by Russell's Periodontal Index (PI). Forty volunteer subjects, who
      were new patients assigned to a screening clinic, were selected for the study
      based on the following criteria: (1) blood group, (2) medical history, (3) age
      and (4) periodontal condition. One group of patients (N = 20) had a PI of less
      than 2.0 and the other group of patients (N = 20) had a PI of greater than 4.0.
      Following screening, a 10-ml sample of unstimulated whole saliva was collected,
      centrifuged and frozen. Within 30 days the saliva was thawed, titrated and tested
      for presence of anti-A and anti-B. Saliva agglutinin titers were determined using
      a variation of previous testing techniques. Statistically significant differences
      between the two groups were not obtained in the titers of salivary anti-A (U =
      192.5; P greater than 0.1) or the titers of salivary anti-B (U = 162.8; P greater
      than 0.1). All 40 group O patients were found to have anti-A and anti-B in their
      saliva.

PMID- 6576125
TI  - The evaluation of a new technique for anaerobic sampling of deep periodontal
      pockets.
AB  - A new technique for the anaerobic sampling of deep periodontal pockets has been
      developed and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The mean percentage difference of
      total viable counts from pairs of samples from nine deep periodontal pockets was
      found to be 76.4%. This compared favorably with an established technique for
      which the equivalent figure was 147.4%. Evidence was obtained that the first
      sample taken with the new sampler depleted the site. When correction was made for
      that effect, the mean percentage difference was found to be 31.1%. That value was
      in good agreement with the variation obtained by taking repeat samples from
      centrifuged deposits of pure cultures of bacteria.

PMID- 6576126
TI  - Effect of inflammation on periodontal attachment levels in miniature swine with
      mucogingival defects.
AB  - Previous authors have postulated that a dense band of keratinized, attached
      gingiva prevents the spread of inflammation from the gingival margin to the
      subjacent attachment apparatus. Chronically inflamed mucogingival defects were
      created over the vestibular surface of 12 central incisors in miniature swine.
      The untreated contralateral incisors were identified as paired controls.
      Placement of horizontal reference notches on the tooth surfaces was followed by
      measurement of Probing Depth (PD) and Probing Attachment Level (PAL) on the
      vestibular aspect of each experimental and control tooth. No plaque removal was
      accomplished at any time during the study. One year following the attainment of
      baseline data, all measurements were repeated. Results show an increase in PD and
      a loss of PAL in both experimental and control regions. No difference in increase
      of PD or loss of PAL between the groups could be discerned.

PMID- 6576127
TI  - Risk factors in phenytoin-induced gingival hyperplasia.
AB  - A survey was carried out into the degree of gingival hyperplasia in 68 patients
      receiving phenytoin in a hospital for the mentally handicapped. Comparisons of
      degree of gingival hyperplasia exhibited by the patients were made with a range
      of parameters by analysis of variance and Chi square tests. The severity of the
      hyperplasia increased with increasing dose, increasing dose per unit body weight
      and serum levels of phenytoin and also with decreasing age and weight of the
      patients. No significant relationship (P less than 0.2) was found between serum
      folate levels and degree of hyperplasia. Poor oral hygiene predisposed patients
      to hyperplasia.

PMID- 6576128
TI  - Proceedings from the State of the Art Workshop--May 13-14, 1981.

PMID- 6576129
TI  - Poly-L-methionine sulfoxide: a biologically inert analogue of dimethyl sulfoxide
      with solubilizing potency.
AB  - Poly-L-methionine sulfoxide is a water-soluble polymer containing the sulfoxide
      moiety. The preparation and radiolabeling of this polymer is described and its
      bioeffects are compared with those of dimethyl sulfoxide. Poly-L-methionine
      sulfoxide is similar to dimethyl sulfoxide in that it is a potent solubilizer of
      lipophilic compounds in water. Although the partition coefficient of poly-L
      methionine sulfoxide in 1-octanol-water is only 20 times lower than that of
      dimethyl sulfoxide, it was found not to penetrate into intracellular spaces. In
      contrast to dimethyl sulfoxide, poly-L-methionine sulfoxide and L-methionine
      sulfoxide were found to be ineffective in inducing differentiation in murine
      erythroleukemia cells and inhibiting differentiation of avian neural crest cells,
      suggesting that compounds effective in these processes must have the ability to
      penetrate into cells or membrane proteins. Overall lack of bioactivity of poly-L
      methionine sulfoxide, combined with low toxicity (2 g/kg, iv, in the mouse with
      no effect), makes this compound a suitable inert solubilizer and carrier for
      lipophilic drugs.

PMID- 6576131
TI  - Shrink-free ceramic crown versus ceramometal: a comparative study in dogs.

PMID- 6576130
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 excretion, urine flow and papillary osmolality during saline or
      dextrose infusion in the conscious rat.
AB  - Conscious rats received infusions at 5.8 ml./hr of either 0.9% NaCl or 5%
      dextrose, via a tail vein, for 6 hr. During this infusion period, urine was
      collected from the animals, and the urine volume, sodium concentration and
      immunoreactive PGE2 were determined. Urine flow in both groups was stable during
      the 2-6 hr period of the infusion and was not significantly different between the
      two groups. Sodium output was also stable over the 2-6 hr infusion period but
      obviously the output of the saline-infused group was higher than that of the
      dextrose-infused group. Urinary PGE2 output was not significantly different
      between the groups in the 2-4 hr period (79.4 +/- 8.6 p-mole/2 hr in the saline
      infused group, 82.1 +/- 5.7 p-mole/2 hr in the dextrose-infused group). In the 4
      6 hr period, PGE2 output remained at this level (82.0 +/- 7.8 p-mole/2 hr) in the
      dextrose-infused group, but fell significantly (to 53.7 +/- 5.0 p-mole/2 hr) in
      the saline-infused group. In separate groups of animals which received saline or
      dextrose infusions as above, renal papillary osmolality was determined. The
      osmolality was significantly (P less than 0.001) higher in the saline-infused
      group. It is concluded that renal PGE2 synthesis is unlikely to be directly
      involved in sodium homeostasis and that PGE2 synthesis as measured by urinary
      PGE2 excretion is not controlled by the papillary osmolality.

PMID- 6576132
TI  - Amelogenesis imperfecta: the genetics, classification, and treatment.

PMID- 6576133
TI  - Custom ocular prosthesis with dilating pupil.
AB  - The manually adjustable pupil has two diameters: one constricted, the other
      dilated. The patient may select the appropriate diameter for the existing light
      conditions by moving a small magnet over the surface of the prosthesis. In the
      discerning patient this prosthesis will eliminate the need for two separate
      prostheses, which are commonly provided today. Patient privacy and hygiene are
      maintained because the prosthesis need not be removed to alter pupil size.

PMID- 6576134
TI  - Stress: a common denominator for nonorganic TMJ pain-dysfunction.

PMID- 6576135
TI  - Long-term results of treatment for temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction.
AB  - The frequency and severity of functional disturbances of the masticatory system
      were studied in 154 women 7 years after treatment for TMJ pain-dysfunction at the
      Department of Stomatognathic Physiology, University of Goteborg, Sweden. The
      results of the 7-year examination were compared with records made prior to
      treatment. There was a significant reduction of both reported symptoms and
      clinical signs of dysfunction at 7 years. Although less severe than at the
      initial examination, clicking of the TMJ and slight muscle tenderness to
      palpation were the most common clinical findings at 7 years. Eighty-four percent
      of patients reported that treatment received had resulted in reduction of
      symptoms. During the 7-year period, 80% of patients had few or no symptoms.
      Recurrent symptoms of some significance were found in less than 20% of patients,
      and 14% had returned for further treatment during the 7-year period. It can be
      concluded that most patients with TMJ pain-dysfunction have minimal recurrent
      symptoms 7 years after conservative treatment procedures. This indicates that a
      favorable prognosis may be considered for TMJ pain-dysfunction. This favorable
      prognosis should be emphasized to patients prior to treatment, as optimistic
      counseling has been shown to have a favorable effect on patient response to
      treatment.

PMID- 6576136
TI  - Anterior guidance: its effect on electromyographic activity of the temporal and
      masseter muscles.

PMID- 6576137
TI  - The edentulous milieu.

PMID- 6576138
TI  - Biocompatibility of titanium implants: surface science aspects.

PMID- 6576139
TI  - Molecular forces governing tight contact between cellular surfaces and
      substrates.

PMID- 6576140
TI  - Biomechanical considerations in osseointegrated prostheses.
AB  - On the basis of the previous discussions, several conclusions may be drawn. 1.
      The close apposition of bone to the titanium implant is the essential feature
      that allows a transmission of stress from the implant to the bone without any
      appreciable relative motion or abrasion. The absence of any intermediate fibrotic
      layer allows stress to be transmitted without any progressive change in the bond
      or contact between the bone and implant. 2. The use of a threaded screw provides
      a form of interlocking with the bone on a macroscopic scale that allows full
      development of the strength of the bone in shear or compression. A smooth,
      cylindrical implant may require an adhesive bond for satisfactory performance,
      but a screw shape is able to work as long as the apposition of bone and implant
      is close, whether or not a true adhesive bond is developed. 3. The distribution
      of a vertical or lateral load applied to a fixed partial denture depends on the
      number, arrangement, and stiffness of abutment fixtures used, as well as the form
      and stiffness of the fixed prosthesis itself. In general a stiff fixed partial
      denture will distribute loads to several fixtures more effectively. A flexible
      prosthesis may be adequate if the strength developed by each fixture is able to
      carry the full load that is applied. Cantilevered ends of a fixed partial denture
      increases the loading on the first screw nearest the cantilevered end. Moderate
      overhangs may be tolerated if the fixtures are sufficiently strong. 4. A tight
      connection of the fixed partial denture to fixtures provides a combined structure
      that can act in concert with the bone to provide a greater strength than that of
      the fixture or the jaw bone alone. 5. The osseointegrated implant provides a
      direct contact with bone and therefore will transmit any stress waves or shocks
      applied to the fixtures. For this reason it is advisable to use a shock-absorbing
      material such as acrylic resin in the form of acrylic resin artificial teeth in
      the fixed partial denture. This arrangement allows for the development of a stiff
      and strong substructure with adequate shock protection on its outer surface.

PMID- 6576141
TI  - Accelerated setting of dental stone.

PMID- 6576143
TI  - Simple solution of a sensitive problem.

PMID- 6576142
TI  - A modified survey table for mounted casts.

PMID- 6576144
TI  - The prosthodontic management of cleft palate patients.

PMID- 6576145
TI  - Temperature threshold levels for heat-induced bone tissue injury: a vital
      microscopic study in the rabbit.

PMID- 6576146
TI  - Structural aspects of the interface between tissue and titanium implants.

PMID- 6576147
TI  - Evaluation of the results of treatment with osseointegrated implants by the
      Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare.

PMID- 6576148
TI  - Physiologic occlusal contacts: premarked for prevention.

PMID- 6576149
TI  - Analysis and correction of condylar displacement of the TMJ.

PMID- 6576150
TI  - The importance of face-bow recordings.

PMID- 6576151
TI  - Epidemiologic studies of mandibular function.

PMID- 6576152
TI  - The effectiveness of ultrasonic denture cleaning: a scanning electron microscope
      study.

PMID- 6576153
TI  - Three-year clinical study of UV-cured composite resins in posterior teeth.
AB  - Four proprietary composite resins cured with ultraviolet light were inserted into
      Class I and II cavity preparations. The restorations were evaluated over a 3-year
      period for color match, interfacial staining, secondary caries, loss of anatomic
      form, marginal adaptation, and surface texture. The percent of restorations
      exhibiting no generalized loss of anatomic form ranged from 47% to 93%.

PMID- 6576154
TI  - Visible lights and visible light-activated composite resins.

PMID- 6576155
TI  - The castability of alloys for small castings.

PMID- 6576156
TI  - The tensile strength of a composite resin reinforced with carbon fibers.
AB  - A study was undertaken to compare the flexure strength of unmodified and carbon
      fiber-reinforced composite resins. If the addition of carbon fibers to a dental
      composite resin increases the resin's resistance to fracture, some of the
      shortcomings associated with acid-etched bonded fixed partial dentures can be
      overcome. The findings of the study, however, showed that the addition of carbon
      fibers to a dental composite resin actually decreased the flexure strength.

PMID- 6576157
TI  - A proposed format for mandibular displacement analysis in fixed prosthodontics.

PMID- 6576158
TI  - Mercury vaporization during amalgam removal.

PMID- 6576159
TI  - A technique for fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane-acrylic resin obturators.
AB  - A flexible silicone obturator is an alternative to the acrylic resin obturator.
      It can be useful for patients with severe trismus who cannot insert a large
      prosthesis, as the flexibility of the hollow silicone section allows easy
      placement and removal (Fig. 9). Other patients cannot tolerate an unyielding
      substance against sensitive nasal tissues. Silicone can provide the necessary
      comfort without compromising retention. Silicone obturator sections can often be
      modified when further surgery is needed and result in a savings of time and
      expense (Fig. 10). For patients who can be reevaluated only twice a year, several
      silicone obturator sections can be made initially. One can be used while another
      is being cleaned or duplicated.

PMID- 6576160
TI  - Flexible intraoral stents.

PMID- 6576161
TI  - The single-crystal sapphire endosteal dental implant. A longitudinal human study:
      one-year results.

PMID- 6576162
TI  - The prevalence of mandibular dysfunction. Part I: Sex and age distribution of
      related signs and symptoms.
AB  - This study concludes the following: 1. Mandibular dysfunction is extensive. 2.
      Age and sex differences are apparent with various signs and symptoms. 3. Women
      and younger patients tend to respond positively more often than men and older
      patients to questions relating to subjective TMJ and muscle symptoms. 4.
      Objective TMJ and occlusal signs show little age or sex differentiation. 5.
      Positive responses to questions regarding bruxism were more common in men. 6. Age
      and sex differences in the prevalence of mandibular dysfunction may be influenced
      by the method of investigation (anamnestic versus clinical examination) and by
      the signs and symptoms selected to be representative of this disorder. When
      compared with the findings of earlier investigations, the conclusions suggest
      that social, cultural, psychologic, sex, and age differences contribute to the
      responses to questions pertaining to mandibular dysfunction. However, this may
      not be an accurate reflection of the prevalence of mandibular dysfunction since
      the objective signs do not show the age and sex differences that the subjective
      symptoms indicate. Therefore, additional studies are needed to correlate all data
      to establish a more reliable profile of both signs and symptoms of mandibular
      dysfunction.

PMID- 6576163
TI  - A comparison between clinical and radiologic findings in 259 temporomandibular
      joint patients.

PMID- 6576164
TI  - Patients with restored occlusions. Part III: The effect of occlusal splint
      therapy and occlusal adjustments on TMJ dysfunction.
AB  - An earlier study of 50 patients with occlusions restored by fixed partial
      dentures indicated a high percent (68%) of TMJ dysfunction. Occlusal
      interferences can play a significant role in causing TMJ dysfunction. To
      determine the significance of occlusal interferences, occlusal splints were
      placed in 10 of these restored patients who had moderate to severe dysfunction.
      The PRI was used to detect the presence or absence of TMJ dysfunction. The PRI
      TMJ dysfunction scores were reduced in all 10 patients after use of the occlusal
      splint. Five of the patients achieved reproducible tracings (no TMJ dysfunction)
      during the experiment time of 7 months. The occlusion of two patients was
      adjusted to eliminate the need for the occlusal splint. Patients who wore the
      splint 24 hours a day showed a significant (0.0004 level) reduction in TMJ
      dysfunction. Those patients who did not wear the splint regularly or had high
      levels of stress had PRI scores that varied. This finding indicates that the
      occlusal splint is not a treatment, as its removal permits reactivation of the
      occlusal interference. Resolution of dysfunction did not occur until occlusal
      interferences were removed. The changes in PRI scores to different dysfunction
      categories (none, slight, moderate, and severe) for the experimental group were
      significant at the 0.01 level. A control group of five patients had similar
      pantographic tracings but no other treatment. Their PRI scores varied, but there
      was no significant change in PRI scores or dysfunction categories. It was
      concluded that occlusal interferences were active causes of TMJ dysfunction in 10
      of 36 patients in a population with restored occlusions.

PMID- 6576165
TI  - Periodontal disease in America: a personal and national tragedy. A position paper
      prepared for the American Association of Public Health Dentists by the AAPHD
      Subcommittee on Preventive Periodontics, October 24, 1981.

PMID- 6576166
TI  - Policy implications of the epidemiology of dental diseases for the prevention and
      control of periodontal disease: the North Carolina studies.
AB  - The North Carolina Dental Manpower Study indicated that periodontal disease was
      widespread and little was being done to control the disease. We have continued to
      address issues identified by the Dental Manpower Study in order to better
      understand the high prevalence of periodontal disease. Drawing from the
      theoretical basis of behavioral science and the clinical and epidemiological
      knowledge of periodontal disease, we have planned a strategy for testing the
      feasibility for controlling periodontal disease through dental health services.
      Only when attention to periodontal disease pervades the thinking and behavior of
      all segments of the dental care system--professional education, professional
      certification and regulation, financing mechanisms, consumers, and dental
      research--will factors be totally conducive to controlling this problem.

PMID- 6576167
TI  - The use of mass media in community periodontal education.

PMID- 6576168
TI  - Implementation of maintenance of periodontal health programs--the Indian Health
      Service experience.

PMID- 6576169
TI  - Role of the dental hygienist in public health periodontal programs.

PMID- 6576170
TI  - Linn County Dental Health Center--a successful dental public health access
      program of treatment and prevention.
AB  - The Linn County Dental Health Center is an example of what appears to be a highly
      successful dental society access program. A target population, the children of
      the poor and working poor in Linn County, have an opportunity to enter a system
      of continuous dental care for the prevention and control of dental disease. This
      example of dental society and community involvement, in the form of the ADA's
      guidelines for establishment and management of such access programs, may provide
      an impetus for action by other concerned individuals and dental societies.

PMID- 6576171
TI  - Continuity of care in a county dental public health center.
AB  - Examination of continuity of care, periodic preventive dental visits in a county
      dental public health center, was the focus of this study. The purpose of the
      study was to investigate: a) the relation between continuity of care and
      untreated dental caries, the unmet restorative dental treatment need, in low SES
      children in a county dental health center; and b) the association of certain
      family characteristics with continuity of care. If children failed to return for
      periodic appointments, were they being cared for in the private sector or was
      their oral health significantly poorer than the regular users? What specific
      family characteristics were associated with periodic preventive dental services?
      The investigation was a comparative study between two groups of financially
      eligible families, a continuous care group and noncontinuous care group. The
      information gained through the study was useful in devising strategies which
      would aid in the satisfaction of a primary objective of a dental public health
      treatment facility: to provide the opportunity for low SES children to have
      access to regular, periodic, preventive dental visits.

PMID- 6576172
TI  - Community characteristics, opinion leadership, and fluoridation outcome in small
      Iowa communities.

PMID- 6576173
TI  - Measurement of effects of a state dental practice act on potential delegation and
      production in general dental private practice.
AB  - Detailed treatment information was obtained on every procedure performed for all
      patients seen during a two-year period in 14 private dental practices in
      Kentucky. This information permitted the investigation of the effect of
      Kentucky's State Dental Practice Act on the amount of production that could have
      been legally delegated in the 14 practices. The development of a new measure
      called the Standard Production Minute (SPM) allowed for the examination of the
      relations between delegation and production by measuring the two variables in the
      same time-based units. Results of the study indicated: In 14 private dental
      practices in Kentucky, 58.7 percent of all production was legally delegable under
      the State Dental Practice Act. The three areas of operative, hygiene/prevention,
      and exam/diagnostic data accounted for 74.8 percent of overall production and 67
      percent of the production in these areas was legally delegable to auxiliaries in
      Kentucky. Within individual areas of dentistry, the greatest potential delegation
      rates were found in these three areas. Given the procedure-mix for the 14
      practices, 31 percent of all potential delegation was restricted to hygienists
      and 18 percent of all production was delegable only to the hygienist under the
      Kentucky State Dental Practice Act. If the delegation of placing and finishing
      restorations was restricted by the Kentucky State Dental Practice Act, the
      percentage of production that could be delegated in the operative area would have
      decreased from 53.1 percent to 20 percent. However, the percent of production
      that could be delegated across all areas would have decreased from 58.7 percent
      to 46 percent.

PMID- 6576174
TI  - The new federalism: hard times, hard choices.

PMID- 6576175
TI  - Jewish medical ethics--a brief overview.

PMID- 6576176
TI  - Paracentric inversions: two new familial cases, inv (7)(q22q11) and inv
      (11)(q23q13).

PMID- 6576177
TI  - Busulfan-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.
AB  - We report a case of severe hemorrhagic cystitis induced by prolonged busulfan
      therapy. The clinical course and pathological results were similar to irradiation
      and cyclophosphamide cystitis. Only 1 such case has been described previously.
      Although hemorrhagic cystitis induced by busulfan is a rare complication it
      should be considered in the differential diagnosis and busulfan should be
      discontinued immediately.

PMID- 6576178
TI  - Bulimia nervosa complicated by deficiency of vitamin K-dependent coagulation
      factors.
AB  - A 28-year-old woman manifested a hemorrhagic tendency caused by a deficiency of
      vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Her condition was diagnosed as bulimia
      nervosa in view of a previous history of anorexia nervosa and episodes of self
      induced vomiting and purging. There were no remarkable lesions in her alimentary
      system. In treatment of bulimia nervosa, attention should be given not only to
      the loss of body fluids and electrolytes, but also to the possibility of a
      deficiency of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors.

PMID- 6576179
TI  - Oral administration of prostaglandin E2 in the hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
AB  - Oral administration of prostaglandin E2 resulted in marked clinical and
      hemodynamic improvement in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. A
      lessening of metabolic acidosis and an increase in blood pressure were evident.
      These results indicate that the ductus arteriosus was effectively dilated by oral
      prostaglandin E2 in patients with ductus-dependent systemic circulation, as in
      the case of ductus-dependent pulmonary circulation. Surgical risk will also be
      reduced by pretreatment with oral prostaglandin E2.

PMID- 6576180
TI  - [Case of disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy following intrathecal
      methotrexate in acute lymphocytic leukemia].
AB  - Disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy was found upon autopsy of a 32-year
      old man with acute lymphocytic leukemia. He had been treated with intrathecal
      methotrexate for CNS involvement; no radiation therapy had been given. Autopsy
      findings revealed that in the white matter of the temporal lobe, there was
      widespread necrosis associated with numerous foam cells, demyelination,
      vacuolization and slight gliosis; in this lesion, leukemic cells infiltrated the
      Virchow-Robin space. In the white matter of other lesions we found discrete
      multifocal necroses of coagulative type associated with round or rod-shaped
      axonal swelling partly accompanied with calcification. However, in these lesions,
      there was no leukemic cell infiltration.

PMID- 6576181
TI  - [Clinical features and treatment of pulmonary metastasis in osteosarcoma].
AB  - Ninety-seven pulmonary metastatic cases in 141 osteosarcoma from 1960 to 1981
      were analysed. The overall cumulative 5-year survival rate of the cases was
      38.1%, whereas that of the recent 41 cases with systemic chemotherapy was 56.2%.
      Eighty percent of pulmonary metastases were found within one year since their
      first visit to our clinic. It was revealed that there were positive relationship
      between the doubling time of the pulmonary metastases and the post-metastatic
      survival (p less than 0.001), and between the period from their first visit to
      our clinic to metastases and the post-metastatic survival (p less than 0.001).
      The favorable effects of the systemic chemotherapy using adriamycin, vincristine,
      methotrexate and cis-platinum were recognized. The thoracotomy revealed effective
      and five cases are living without disease for average 80.8 months after surgery.

PMID- 6576182
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin D2 on pain and inflammation.

PMID- 6576183
TI  - Glycosphingolipids as tumor-associated and differentiation markers.

PMID- 6576184
TI  - Inhibition of anchorage-independent growth of human melanoma cells by a
      monoclonal antibody to a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan.
AB  - Anchorage-independent growth of tumor cells constitutes a phenotype highly
      associated with malignant transformation and appears to be important in the
      ultimate event of tumor metastasis, i.e., secondary tumor colonization. The role
      of a specific, melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan population in
      anchorage-independent growth was assessed. Melanoma cells cultured in soft agar
      containing monoclonal antibody (mAb) 9.2.27, which recognizes such molecules on
      the surface of these cells, showed a 67-74% specific decrease in their colony
      formation. In contrast, neither mouse myeloma IgG nor monoclonal anti-HLA-A,B,C
      antibody (W6/32) had any effect on colony formation of the melanoma cells grown
      in soft agar. Human melanoma cells cultured in the presence of mAb 9.2.27 or
      W6/32 did not exhibit any changes in their DNA or protein synthetic metabolism.
      These findings suggest that 9.2.27-defined chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans on
      the surface of human melanoma cells may be involved in cell--cell interaction
      important in anchorage-independent growth.

PMID- 6576185
TI  - Immune responses of healthy humans 83-104 years of age.
AB  - The immune responses of 19 healthy people 83-104 years of age were compared to
      those of younger healthy persons. A decline in mitogen response to concanavalin A
      and pokeweed mitogen, but not to phytohemagglutinin, was observed. Positive skin
      test to two recall antigens occurred in only 5 of the 19 aged people; 4 of these
      5 reported a history of blood transfusion. Antibody titers were elevated for
      persistent DNA viruses but not for RNA viruses. An excess of ABO blood type B was
      found, but no human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A or HLA-B type was found in elevated
      proportion.

PMID- 6576186
TI  - Relationship of urinary excretion of modified nucleosides to disease status in
      childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - The levels of urinary excretion of five modified nucleosides were quantitated by
      high-performance liquid chromatography for 15 normal children and 24 children
      with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Excretion of each nucleoside decreased
      linearly with age when quantitation was based on urine creatinine content.
      Patients with childhood ALL at initial diagnosis or in relapse had significantly
      higher concentrations of 1-methylinosine, N2,N2-dimethylguanosine, 1
      methylguanosine, and pseudouridine in their urine when compared to the
      concentrations in either patients in remission (P less than 0.001, P less than
      0.001, P less than 0.01, and P less than 0.05, respectively) or normal controls
      (P less than 0.001, P less than 0.02, P less than 0.01, and P less than 0.001,
      respectively). Excretion of 2-pyridone-5-carboxamide-N'-ribofuranoside did not
      show significant differences. Urinary excretion of 1-methylinosine demonstrated a
      positive linear relationship with the percentage of blast cells in the bone
      marrow [correlation coefficient (r) = 0.90]; the other nucleosides had lower
      degrees of correlation. In comparison, the absolute blast cell count in the
      peripheral blood showed less correlation to the percentage of blast cells in the
      bone marrow (r = 0.47) than did four of the five nucleosides. The data
      demonstrate that excretion of modified nucleosides reflects disease activity in
      childhood ALL and that the urinary nucleosides could be useful clinical markers
      for this disease.

PMID- 6576187
TI  - Human gastric carcinoma: prognosis in relation to macroscopic and microscopic
      features of the primary tumor.
AB  - The correlation of prognosis with various clinical and pathologic factors was
      studied by use of multiple stepwise linear regression analysis among 77 patients
      undergoing resections for gastric cancer. Factors such as depth of penetration,
      invasion of the duodenum, macroscopic appearance, intramural and extramural
      growth pattern of the cancer, lymphatic or vascular invasion, and cancer cell
      free dense submucosal fibrosis around the cancerous area were significant, and
      independent factors correlated with the prognosis, in that order. When these
      factors were taken into account, other factors such as sex and age of the
      patient, location, size, and histologic classification of the tumor, and folds'
      convergence were not significant.

PMID- 6576188
TI  - Etiology of cancer of the renal pelvis.
AB  - A population-based case--control interview study of cancer of the renal pelvis
      (74 cases and 697 controls) conducted in the Minneapolis--St. Paul metropolitan
      area showed cigarette smoking to be the major cause of this cancer. The odds
      ratio (OR) for cigarette smoking was 7.6 among males [95% confidence interval
      (CI): 2.2-31.5] and 5.8 among females (95% CI: 2.0-17.3), with the OR exceeding
      10 for heavy smokers of both sexes. Long-term use of analgesics and several
      occupational exposures were also found to be risk factors. In addition, there
      were unexpected positive associations among females for heavy tea consumption and
      for use of estrogen medications, although the significance of these relationships
      remains to be clarified.

PMID- 6576189
TI  - Alterations in major histocompatibility complex phenotypes of mouse cloned T10
      sarcoma cells: association with shifts from nonmetastatic to metastatic cells.
AB  - The T10 sarcoma, induced in a (C57BL/6J X C3HeB/-FeJ)F1 (H-2b X H-2k) mouse,
      grows locally (L-T10) and generates spontaneous lung metastases (M-T10). L-T10
      cells were found to express the H-2b haplotype, whereas M-T10 expressed both the
      H-2b and H-2k haplotypes. Most L-T10 cloned cells expressed the H-2b haplotype
      and were not metastatic. The minority expressed both H-2k and H-2b and were
      metastatic. Serial transplantations of H-2k-negative clones always ended in
      spontaneous expression of the H-2k haplotype concomitantly with the acquisition
      of metastatic potency. The expressed H-2k seemed to be associated with the
      metastatic properties inasmuch as an H-2b-positive--H-2k-negative clone, which
      had lost the expressed H-2b and was temporarily H-2 negative, remained
      nonmetastatic until reexpression of the two haplotypes occurred. Serial transfers
      of H-2k-positive clones resulted in the maintenance of the expressed H-2k
      haplotype and the retention of metastatic capacity. A shift toward increased
      metastatic capacity correlated with H-2k expression occurred during serial
      transfers of every clone tested. Expression of major histocompatibility complex
      components, rather than their loss, may potentiate the metastatic capacity of
      tumor cells.

PMID- 6576190
TI  - Preclinical screening for drugs effective against 5-fluorouracil-resistant cells
      with a murine L5178Y cell line in vitro.
AB  - A subline of L5178Y cells has been established in vitro that exhibits a fiftyfold
      order of resistance to 5-fluorouracil (FUra) as compared to that of the parent
      line. The cytotoxic effects of 24-hour exposures to 23 antitumor drugs and to
      radiation were compared in the two cell lines. Four patterns of response were
      identified: 1) Only two drugs, mitomycin C and adriamycin, proved significantly
      more cytotoxic to FUra-resistant cells. 2) Four other drugs--anguidine, 4'-(9
      acridinylamino)-methanesulfon-m-anisidide, melphalan, and quelamycin--showed
      marginal superiority against resistant cells. 3) X-radiation and the majority of
      drugs tested--including 5-azacytidine, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea,
      cisplatin, bleomycin, dibromodulcitol, razoxane, hydroxyurea, methotrexate,
      teniposide, etoposide, and three experimental agents, metoprine, spirogermanium
      HCl, and ellipticinum--proved equally cytotoxic to both cell lines. 4) Cross
      resistance with FUra was exhibited with vincristine, vindesine, pyrazofurin, and
      indicine-N-oxide. This experimental system provides a simple method of testing
      agents for activity against FUra-resistant cells before phase 1 clinical studies.

PMID- 6576191
TI  - Lack of evidence for elevated breakdown rate of skeletal muscles in weight
      losing, tumor-bearing mice.
AB  - Protein degradation was measured as tyrosine release rate from proteins of
      extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles and as urinary excretion of 3
      methylhistidine in freely fed adult nongrowing C57BL/6J mice with sarcomas, to
      study protein degradation in cancer-induced wasting of skeletal muscles. Whole
      muscle protein breakdown rate was unchanged, whereas protein synthesis was
      depressed, leading to an increased net degradation of skeletal muscles with loss
      of soluble, myofibrillar, and collagen proteins. Starvation for 24 hours elevated
      whole muscle protein breakdown in mice with and without sarcomas. Subsequent
      refeeding for 24 hours normalized the degradation. Adaptation to anorexia in pair
      fed controls was achieved by a decrease in muscle protein turnover evaluated by
      urinary excretion of 3-methylhistidine over 5 days. The measurement of "catabolic
      decrease" of muscle protein breakdown protected the muscle mass in mice without
      tumors, but it was ineffective in tumor-bearing animals. The unchanged rate of
      breakdown of proteins in whole EDL muscles from tumor-bearing mice was
      accompanied by increased maximum cathepsin D activity and by elevated autolytic
      activity at acid pH in some muscles. Therefore, cathepsin D activity and net
      protease activities did not reflect whole muscle protein degradation in tumor
      induced malnutrition. The results demonstrate that wasting of skeletal muscles in
      experimental cancer was not dependent on increased degradation but was dependent
      on depressed protein synthesis.

PMID- 6576193
TI  - Promotion by histamine of carcinogenesis in the forestomach and protection by
      histamine against carcinogenesis induced by N-nitroso-N-methylnitroguanidine in
      the glandular stomach in W rats.
AB  - The effect of histamine on induction of tumors in the forestomach and the
      glandular stomach after N-nitroso-N-methylnitroguanidine (MNNG) administration
      was studied in male inbred W rats. Animals were given 50 micrograms MNNG
      solution/ml orally for 25 weeks and then 4 mg histamine dihydrochloride sc per
      day in depot form. Administration of histamine in depot form after MNNG
      significantly increased the incidence of tumors in the forestomach, but it
      significantly decreased the incidence of adenocarcinomas in the glandular
      stomach. All of the tumors induced in the forestomach were of the squamous cell
      type, and 50% of them were squamous cell carcinomas. Histamine alone had no
      apparent carcinogenicity in rats.

PMID- 6576192
TI  - Modifying factors in pancreatic carcinogenesis in the hamster model. IV. Effects
      of dietary protein.
AB  - The possible effects of dietary protein on pancreatic cancer induced in outbred
      Syrian golden hamsters by N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) were studied.
      Three levels of casein as protein at low [LP = 9 g/385 kilocalories (kcal)],
      medium (MP = 18 g/385 kcal), or high levels (HP = 36 g/385 kcal) were fed in two
      sequences to 4 groups of hamsters. The effects of protein level on the initiation
      phase of BOP carcinogenesis were examined in hamsters fed LP or HP from 3 through
      7 weeks of age, followed by MP for the remainder of their lives. The role of
      protein level on the promotional (developmental) phase of carcinogenesis was
      evaluated in hamsters fed (from 3 through 7 wk of age) MP, followed by LP or HP
      for the rest of their lives. One-half of the hamsters from each of the 4 groups
      received a single sc BOP injection (10 mg/kg body wt) at 8 weeks of age. Changes
      in diet from one type to the other occurred 2 days after BOP treatment. An MP
      diet fed before and after BOP served as the experimental control diet. The
      results demonstrated that the LP diet inhibited the developmental phase of
      carcinogenesis only in females, whereas the MP and HP diets did not affect
      initiation or promotion of cancer in either sex. The inhibitory effect of the LP
      diet in pancreatic carcinogenicity only in females calls for further studies.

PMID- 6576194
TI  - Heritable variations in growth potential and morphology within a clone of
      Balb/3T3 cells and their relation to tumor formation.
AB  - A nontransformed clone and a spontaneously transformed clone were isolated from a
      twice-recloned line of Balb/3T3 cells. At different times two sublines were
      initiated from the nontransformed clone, and three were initiated from the
      transformed clone. The sublines were maintained in parallel passages under the
      same conditions. Each subline was distinctive in appearance and fell into the
      same rank order in a variety of growth parameters in vitro. Colony formation in
      agar and tumor formation in mice occurred only in the morphologically transformed
      sublines, but there was no quantitative correlation between the two properties or
      with the rate of glucose utilization. Two of the cell populations derived from
      noninbred NIH nude mouse tumors of the 3 transformed sublines differed in agar
      colony formation from the parental sublines. The results indicate that there is
      an immense capacity for variation in cultured animal cells involving many
      unrelated characteristics expressed in a way that is difficult, if not
      impossible, to explain by conventional genetic models.

PMID- 6576195
TI  - Murine natural antitumor antibodies. III. Interferon treatment of a natural
      killer-resistant lymphoma: augmentation of natural antibody reactivity and
      susceptibility to in vivo natural resistance.
AB  - Treatment of a natural killer cell-resistant (NKR) DBA/2 lymphoma with L-cell
      interferon (IFN) enhanced its reactivity to serum natural antibody in vitro in
      cytolysis and absorption studies and increased the in vivo acquisition of natural
      and antitumor antibody in the peritoneal cavity. The IFN effects were both time-
      and dose-dependent. In vitro IFN-treated, [131I]5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine-labeled
      tumor cells, when injected ip into normal syngeneic mice, were more rapidly
      eliminated than were untreated control cells. IFN treatment of the NKR tumor
      decreased "cold-target" inhibition of NK lysis and did not alter binding or lysis
      by macrophages. These findings indicated that the enhancement of natural
      resistance to the IFN-treated tumor did not involve NK cells or macrophages and
      suggested that IFN may enhance host antitumor resistance by increasing tumor
      reactivity to antibody.

PMID- 6576196
TI  - 3-methylcholanthrene: transient inhibition of the lytic step of mouse natural
      killer cells.
AB  - Female mice belonging to NMRI stock were inoculated neonatally with daily doses
      of 5 micrograms diethylstilbestrol (DES) or olive oil for the first 5 days after
      birth and in adult life with 20 or 100 micrograms 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) or
      the vehicle tricaprylin only. The cytotoxic activity of spleen natural killer
      (NK) cells against YAC-1 target cells was studied in a 51Cr release assay at 2,
      5, 10, or 15 days after the MCA injection. A dose of 20 micrograms MCA to
      neonatally olive oil-injected females did not influence the NK activity, whereas
      an injection of 100 micrograms MCA significantly depressed the NK activity to
      about half the value seen in controls. This suppression was transient, and the
      normal level was reached again 15 days after the injection. The depressed NK
      activity could not be related to humoral or cellular suppressor mechanisms. A
      study at the single-cell level revealed that the inhibition was due to
      interference with the lytic step of the NK cell without affecting target-binding
      capacity. In vitro exposure of spleen cells from MCA-treated animals to
      interferon fully restored the NK activity. Neonatal DES treatment resulted in a
      depressed NK activity in adult females to a level about half of that seen in
      olive oil-injected controls. The NK activity in DES-treated females was not
      influenced by either 20 or 100 micrograms MCA. The MCA-induced suppression of NK
      activity was discussed in relation to the earlier reported difference in
      incidence of MCA-induced sarcomas between DES-treated and control females after
      they were given 20 micrograms MCA in adult life, as well as in relation to the
      same incidence in the 2 groups treated with 100 micrograms MCA. The results are
      compatible with a significant role for NK cells during MCA carcinogenesis and
      indicate that a possible part of the tumorigenic effect of MCA is its early
      suppressive effect on NK cell activity.

PMID- 6576197
TI  - Peritoneal plasmacytomagenesis in mice: comparison of different pristane dose
      regimens.
AB  - Plasmacytomas were induced in inbred BALB/c pi mice by the ip injection of
      pristane with 4 different dose schedules. Three 0.5-ml doses (1.5 ml) given at 2
      month intervals gave an average yield of 61% plasmacytomas in 6 experimental
      groups with a range from 51 to 71%; a single 1-ml dose gave an average yield of
      42% plasmacytomas in 5 experimental groups with a range from 37 to 45%; and a
      single 0.5-ml dose gave an average of 22% from 3 experiments involving young mice
      with a range from 14 to 26%. Two 0.5-ml doses given at various intervals from 14
      to 300 days gave yields of plasmacytomas that usually but not always were greater
      than that obtained with a single 0.5-ml dose of pristane. When the second
      injection of pristane was delayed as long as 180 days, a strong additive effect
      over that observed with 0.5 ml alone was obtained. The plasmacytomas developed in
      mice given the second dose 180 days after the first, with virtually the same
      latent period as observed with a single 1-ml dose. No plasmacytomas were found in
      200 BALB/c pi mice inoculated with corn oil, aluminum hydroxide, or very small
      doses of pristane (i.e., 0.05 ml). The minimal latent period for plasmacytoma
      development is about 120 days. The median latent period ranged from 180 to 250
      days in the groups of mice that received 3 0.5-ml injections of pristane. In a
      single experiment pristane freed of UV-absorbing materials was as potent as
      commercial grade pristane in inducing plasmacytomas.

PMID- 6576198
TI  - Influence of dietary fat on spontaneous lesions of Syrian golden hamsters.
AB  - Dietary corn oil was consumed by Syrian golden hamsters at levels of 4.5 g [low
      fat (LF)] or 18 g [high fat (HF)]/385 kilocalories (kcal) from 3 to 7 weeks of
      age followed by a diet containing 9 g [medium fat (MF)]/385 kcal for life. In
      other groups MF diet was given from 3 to 7 weeks of age and followed by either LF
      or HF for life. A separate group was fed MF continuously after 3 weeks of age.
      Spontaneous lesions, which were altered by these dietary protocols, are reported.
      An HF diet fed after 8 weeks increased the incidence of flank organ hyperplasia
      and prostatitis, but it decreased prostatic fibrosis in males. Consumption of HF
      diets after 8 weeks by females increased survival and resulted in an elevated
      incidence of thyroid adenomas, ovarian cell hyperplasia, vaginal papillomas, and
      adrenal cortical cell adenomas. In age-adjusted data the increase in ovarian cell
      hyperplasia and adrenal cortical cell adenomas was shown to be due to HF diet and
      not to be a consequence of extended survival. Periodontitis and calcification of
      cardiac tissues decreased in hamsters fed HF diets after 8 weeks, but cell
      vacuolization and hyperplasia of the anterior pituitary gland and epithelial
      hyperplasia in the forestomach were increased. Salivary gland adenocarcinomas
      were observed only in hamsters fed HF diets. Feeding HF levels, either during
      weeks 3-7 or after week 8, decreased osteofibrosis and otitis media and increased
      urinary bladder epithelial hyperplasia, adrenal cortical cell lipomatosis, and
      bone chondrosis. Calcification of gastric and renal arteries decreased as dietary
      fat levels increased either before or after 8 weeks of age in males and only when
      fed after 8 weeks in females. Colitis and focal glandular hyperplasia of the
      colon mucosa were increased in both sexes by an HF diet being given before or
      after 8 weeks of age.

PMID- 6576199
TI  - In vivo estimation of size of experimental tumors.
AB  - The precision and accuracy of various estimates of experimental tumor size from
      lineal dimensions were examined on capsules implanted subcutaneously and inflated
      to precisely known weights in Fischer 344 rats. The method of tying the final
      product of three dimensions to the measured excised weight gave a value with no
      significant systematic bias and the lowest error of estimate (root mean square of
      deviation = 4.35 g).

PMID- 6576200
TI  - Regression of C3HBA mouse tumor due to X-ray therapy combined with supplemental
      beta-carotene or vitamin A.
AB  - Male CBA/J mice, ingesting a vitamin A- and beta-carotene-sufficient laboratory
      chow, were inoculated in a hind limb with 2 X 10(5) C3HBA adenocarcinoma cells.
      When the mean tumor size was 6.2 mm, the mice were divided randomly into groups;
      some groups received supplemental vitamin A or beta-carotene, some received 3,000
      rad local radiation to the tumor, and others received both radiation and one of
      the supplements. All mice that received only radiation or one of the dietary
      supplements died within 3 months. When local irradiation and supplemental vitamin
      A or beta-carotene were coupled, "complete" tumor regression occurred in every
      case (12/12), and tumor regrowth in and death of the mice occurred in only 1 of
      12 in each of these groups during the succeeding 12 months. One year after
      irradiation and dietary supplementation, half the surviving mice were switched
      back to the control chow. During the next year, none of the mice remaining on the
      vitamin A or beta-carotene supplements developed tumors; however, of 6 mice
      switched from vitamin A, 5 had tumors that reappeared. In contrast, tumors
      recurred in only 2 of 6 mice after they were switched from beta-carotene. A
      second experiment yielded similar results. These results show that both vitamin A
      and beta-carotene supplementation added remarkably to the antitumor effect of
      local irradiation. beta-Carotene supplementation produced a greater residual
      antitumor action than vitamin A supplementation after the supplements were
      discontinued, which may have been due to greater tissue storage of beta-carotene.

PMID- 6576201
TI  - Deciphering today's composites.

PMID- 6576202
TI  - [Acute myelogenous leukemia in children: results of the cooperative BFM-78
      therapy study after 3 3/4 years].
AB  - Between December, 1978, and October, 1982, 151 children with acute myelogenous
      leukemia from 30 pediatric clinics entered the cooperative study. The treatment
      consisted of a 10-week intensive induction therapy and a subsequent maintenance
      therapy, which is terminated for children in complete continuous remission after
      2 years. The induction treatment during the first 4 weeks consisted of a
      combination of prednisone, 6-thioguanine (TG), vincristine, adriamycin (ADR) and
      cytosine-arabinoside (ARA-C). In the following 4 weeks i.v. cyclophosphamide,
      i.th. methotrexate and prophylactic cranial irradiation were administered in
      addition to TG, ARA-C and ADR. 119 of the 151 patients (79%) achieved complete
      remission. 13 children (9%) died of early hemorrhages, 2 of them before onset of
      therapy. 5 patients died initially of other complications, another 6 after
      remission has been achieved. 13 children did not respond or responded poorly to
      the induction therapy. So far, 40 relapses occurred, mainly in the bone marrow.
      In 6 relapses the central nervous system was involved. The probability for a
      continuous complete remission for the total group is 0.41 +/- 0.05 (life table
      analysis) and for the total group 0.56 +/- 0.06 after 45 months. The
      corresponding probability for survival after 46 months are 0.43 +/- 0.06 for the
      remission group. The risk for occurrence of early fatal hemorrhages was higher in
      children with acute monocytic leukemia than in the other morphological subtypes.
      An initial leukocyte count of more than 100,000/microliters was found
      significantly more often in patients who did not achieve remission (early deaths
      and nonresponders) than in children of the remission group. So far, no factors
      could be identified which influence the risk for relapse. The present results of
      the study allow the conclusion, that with the applied treatment strategy it is
      possible to achieve not only in a high portion of children with AML remission but
      also to improve the chances for long-time remission and perhaps cure.

PMID- 6576203
TI  - [COALL-80 therapy in the management of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood-
      an interim report].
AB  - In order to reduce the toxicity of the otherwise very effective childhood ALL
      treatment protocol BFM 76/79 asparaginase was omitted from the 4-drug induction
      regimen and placed as single drug before the intensification phase. In addition
      the effect of 3-monthly intermediate dose methotrexate (ID-MTX) pulses versus
      conventional vincristine (VCR) pulses during maintenance therapy was studied. Of
      145 evaluable patients 124 (85.5%) survive in continuous and complete remission
      (CCR) at a median observation time of 21 (1,5-47) months. The expected rate of
      patients in CCR at 4 years is 75% respectively 80% after exclusion of 4 patients
      with fatal complications and one remission failure. These relapse free survival
      data re equal to the BFM 76/79 and 79/81 results. There was very few therapy
      related morbidity and no mortality from the COALL-80 induction therapy
      modification. The intensification phase, however, which was adopted from the BFM
      study without modification was difficult to manage and was not free of life
      threatening mostly infectious complications which were fatal in 4 cases. ID-MTX
      pulses did not prove superior to conventional VCR pulses. The relapse rate in
      patients with the c-ALL subtype was markedly lower than in any other subtype,
      remarkably also than in the undifferentiated type.

PMID- 6576205
TI  - Developing a cancer program in a private community hospital.

PMID- 6576204
TI  - [Results of preventive management of the central nervous system in 275 children
      with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].
AB  - From 1970 to 1979, two subsequent BFM studies were performed with different
      modalities of systemic chemotherapy and preventive central nervous system (CNS)
      therapy. Eighteen out of 275 children experienced isolated CNS relapses within 2
      years after diagnosis. The present analysis should clarify the following
      questions: 1. Could the risk for CNS relapse be assessed by initial diagnostic
      findings? 2. Is the CNS relapse rate influenced by more intensive systemic
      chemotherapy? 3. Is the CNS relapse rate altered by different doses of radiation
      therapy? The risk for relapse was assessed using a risk index (RI) based on
      findings at diagnosis. All patients were treated with an 8 weeks induction and
      consolidation chemotherapy protocol. In part, children with increased risk for
      relapse (RI greater than = 3) received an additional 6 weeks reinduction protocol
      within the first six months after diagnosis. Preventive treatment to the CNS
      consisted of radiotherapy at doses of less than = 18 Gy or 24 Gy and intrathecal
      methotrexate given during the consolidation phase. The results are as follows: 1.
      The RI proved to be predictive also for the risk of CNS relapse. However, CNS
      relapse rates were not substantially higher in children with RI greater than = 3
      when they had been exposed to radiation doses of 24 Gy instead of less than = 18
      Gy. 2. Intensive systemic reinduction therapy did not influence the CNS relapse
      rate in children with RI greater than = 3. 3. Three percent of children with RI
      less than = 2 experienced CNS relapses, irrespectively of lower or higher
      radiation doses. In patients with RI greater than = 3, however, irradiation at
      doses of less than = 18 Gy instead of 24 Gy led to a 3-4 fold higher incidence of
      CNS relapses, irrespectively of chemotherapy. We conclude that radiation doses of
      less than = 18 Gy are capable of preventing CNS relapses effectively in children
      with RI less than = 2. The exposure of patients with RI greater tha = 3 to doses
      of 24 Gy is justified.

PMID- 6576206
TI  - Cancer detection and the primary care physician.

PMID- 6576207
TI  - Sixty seconds for cancer detection in children.

PMID- 6576208
TI  - Can the nurse make a difference in cancer care?

PMID- 6576209
TI  - Hospice care and the terminal cancer patient.

PMID- 6576210
TI  - Radioactive microspheres: a useful tool in the investigation of myocardial
      ischemia.

PMID- 6576211
TI  - Chain saw injuries in South Carolina.

PMID- 6576212
TI  - Quality assurance in the surgery department of a community hospital.

PMID- 6576214
TI  - Whither primary care?

PMID- 6576213
TI  - Regionalization of perinatal care: the problem behind the promise (guest
      editorial)

PMID- 6576215
TI  - Biophysical studies on molecular mechanism of abortifacient action of
      prostaglandins. VI. Conformation energy calculation on PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 15
      (s)-methyl PGF2 alpha.
AB  - This paper reports the conformation energy (CE) calculations on PGE2, PGE2 alpha
      and 15-(s)-methyl PGE2 alpha on the basis of empirical potential energy functions
      for the simultaneous rotations around C7-C8 (psi), C12-C13 (theta) and C14-C15
      (phi) bonds. The variation of the minimum conformation energy E for each
      isoenergy map in the psi theta plane with respect to phi gives two minima around
      90 degrees and 240 degrees in PGE2, 60 degrees and 245 degrees in PGF2 alpha, and
      60 degrees and 150 degrees in 15-(s)-methyl PGF2 alpha. The latter two forms also
      have a small dip at 270 degrees. The pattern of allowed low energy conformations
      of PGF2 alpha and 15-(s)-methyl PGF2 alpha is quite similar and is characterized
      by the existence of six low energy regions.

PMID- 6576216
TI  - The role of prostaglandins in the spontaneous and cholinergic nerve-mediated
      motility of guinea-pig gastric muscle.
AB  - The role of PGE1, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in the spontaneous and cholinergic nerve
      mediated motility of guinea-pig gastric muscle strips was investigated. The
      prostaglandins (PGs) studied induce dose-dependent tonic activation in the
      longitudinal strips from fundus, corpus and antrum and inhibition of the phasic
      activity of circular strips from antrum and pyloric sphincter. These effects are
      not significantly changed in the presence of adrenergic and cholinergic blocking
      agents nor with tetrodotoxin, and are, therefore, direct effects on the smooth
      muscle. Indomethacin exerts effects opposite to those of PGs. The contractile
      responses of the longitudinal and circular smooth muscles to field stimulation
      (frequency of 10-20 Hz, duration of 0.5 ms and supramaximal voltage) are
      inhibited by atropine (1 X 10(-6) M), indicating that cholinergic transmission is
      involved. PGs potentiate the response of the longitudinal muscles but inhibit the
      response of the circular muscles to field stimulation. On the contrary,
      indomethacin (1 X 10(-6) to 1 X 10(-5) M) inhibits the response of the
      longitudinal and potentiates the response of the circular muscles to field
      stimulation. The data suggest that PGs may exert a negative feedback control over
      the excitatory transmission in the circular muscle of the guinea-pig stomach.

PMID- 6576217
TI  - [Determination of the physiological profile of patients in intensive care].

PMID- 6576219
TI  - [Paratonsillar abscess].

PMID- 6576218
TI  - [Quantitative evaluation of the protective action of skin protectors].
AB  - The purpose of research was to study and give a comparative evaluation of
      cystamine, mexamine, ionol, dimethyl--sulfoxide, eugenic acid, castor oil and
      cholesterol as skin local radioprotectors. Experiments were made on random-bred
      albino rats. Skin areas 25 mm2 in size on each paw were irradiated. The exposure
      dose rate was 5 X 10(-3) A/kg (1160 p/min.), the surface dose 6.5 X 10(-1) and
      7.7 X 10(-1) Q/kg (2500 and 3000 P respectively). The time period (in days) of
      weak and severe erythema, dry and moist desquamations was assessed. The most
      sensitive "critical" components of radiation response which are open to
      modification with the help of radioprotectors--severe erythema and moist
      desquamation were revealed. Mexamine, cystamine and ionol produce the most marked
      effect. The value of their protective effect is 48.3; 40.1 and 32.3 units
      respectively. Skin radioprotectors possessing not less than 50% efficacy can be
      introduced into practice. A search for new radioprotectors should be aimed at the
      investigation of agents with the efficacy of a reduction of radiation injuries by
      70% and more.

PMID- 6576220
TI  - Regulation of enzymes involved in ornithine/arginine metabolism in the parasitic
      trypanosomatid Herpetomonas samuelpessoai.
AB  - The genetic regulation of enzymes involved in arginine and ornithine synthesis
      has been investigated in the parasitic trypanosomatid Herpetomonas samuelpessoai.
      The activities of two enzymes involved in arginine synthesis, ornithine
      carbamoyltransferase (OCTase) and argininosuccinate lyase (ASLase) were depressed
      whereas the enzyme citrulline hydrolase (CHase), which is involved in ornithine
      synthesis, was increased in arginine supplemented cultures of the parasites. The
      depression of OCTase activity in the presence of arginine was not due to feedback
      inhibition and CHase activity of uninduced cultures was not enhanced by
      exogeneous arginine. Studies of the kinetics of OCTase induction and repression
      revealed that arginine blocks OCTase synthesis but does not cause destruction of
      the enzyme. Ornithine, but not citrulline was found to counteract the arginine
      mediated repression of OCTase. Two classes of canavanine resistant mutants of H.
      samuelpessoai were isolated. One class was defective in arginine uptake whereas
      the other was affected in regulation of OCTase and ASLase which appear to be
      under coordinate control in H. samuelpessoai.

PMID- 6576221
TI  - Genetic analysis of hypertropic mutants of Phycomyces.
AB  - A new class of Phycomyces behavioral mutants with enhanced tropic responses has
      been analyzed genetically to determine the number of genes involved and the
      nature of their expression. These hypertropic mutants carry pleiotropic nuclear
      mutations. Besides their effects on sensory behavior, they also affect morphology
      and meiotic processes. Behavioral analyses of heterokaryons containing
      hypertropic and wild-type nuclei in varying proportions show that the hypertropic
      mutations in strains L82, L84, L86, and L88 are strongly dominant. Conversely,
      the hypertropic mutations carried by the strains L83, L85, and L87 are strongly
      recessive. We performed recombination analyses between hypertropic mutants and
      mutants with diminished phototropism, affected in the seven genes madA to madG.
      We found no evidence of linkage between the hypertropic mutations and any of
      these mad mutations. From crosses, we isolated double mutants carrying
      hypertropic mutations together with madC (night blind) and madG (stiff)
      mutations. The behavioral phenotypes of the double mutants are intermediate
      between those of the parentals. Complementation analyses show that the three
      recessive hypertropic mutations affect the same gene, which we call madH. The
      expression of the recessive hypertropic allele becomes dominant in heterokaryons
      carrying madC and madH nuclei; the madC gene has been implicated separately with
      the photoreceptor at the input to the sensory pathway, while the madH gene is
      associated with the growth control output. This result suggests the physical
      interaction of both gene products, madH and madC, in a molecular complex for the
      photosensory transduction chain.

PMID- 6576223
TI  - Cloning of a Streptomyces gene for an O-methyltransferase involved in antibiotic
      biosynthesis.
AB  - The red pigmented antibiotic of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) is chemically very
      similar to the Serratia marcescens pigment, prodigiosin. We have demonstrated by
      co-synthesis experiments between non-producing mutants of both species that their
      biosynthetic pathways are similar, and have discovered identities between
      specific mutants of each organism. Molecular cloning techniques have been
      employed in order to isolate Streptomyces chromosomal DNA segments which
      "complement" a mutant defective in the penultimate step of the red biosynthetic
      pathway: an O-methyltransferase enzyme. In one case, the lesion appears to be
      repaired by integrative recombination into the chromosome; another case may
      represent expression from the autonomously replicating recombinant plasmid.

PMID- 6576222
TI  - Polyamines enhance readthrough of the UGA termination codon in a mammalian
      messenger RNA.
AB  - The polyamines spermidine and spermine stimulate the readthrough of the UGA
      termination codon of rabbit beta-globin mRNA when it is translated in a rabbit
      reticulocyte cell-free system. The other major polyamine, putrescine, does not
      show this effect. The polyamine induced readthrough is specific for UGA as the
      UAA termination codon of alpha-globin mRNA is not read through and general
      translational misreading errors are not occurring in the presence of spermidine
      or spermine. The probable mechanism of this effect and some possible regulatory
      implications are discussed.

PMID- 6576224
TI  - Further evidence that aberrant segregation and crossing over in Sordaria
      brevicollis may be discrete, though associated, events.
AB  - Crosses were made between buff spore colour mutants in Sordaria brevicollis in
      the presence of flanking markers. Recombinant asci with one or more wild-type
      spores were isolated and the spores germinated and scored for buff and flanking
      marker genotype. The buff genotype was determined by back-crossing to each parent
      and looking for recombinants. It was found that the majority of the recombinant
      asci had aberrant segregation at one or other mutant site but not both. It was
      inferred that in the recombinants hybrid DNA rarely extended to both sites. When
      the aberrant segregation was associated with crossing-over, the crossovers were
      situated at either end of the gene rather than between the allelic sites where
      the hybrid DNA was believed to terminate. Thus, some of the crossovers were
      separated from the site of the aberrant segregation by a site apparently not
      involved in hybrid DNA and none was in the position predicted by the Meselson
      Radding model, that is, where the hybrid DNA terminates.

PMID- 6576225
TI  - [Aphthae].

PMID- 6576227
TI  - Bulimia and diabetes.

PMID- 6576226
TI  - Exploration of the role of phenolsulfotransferase in the disposition of serotonin
      in human platelets: implications for a novel therapeutic strategy against
      depression.
AB  - Human platelets have been used as models to evaluate a possible role for
      phenolsulfotransferase (PST) in the disposition of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT). The
      platelet M-type PST, which prefers biogenic amines as substrates, appears to be
      unique in its ability to O-sulfate dopamine and 4,6-difluoro-5HT (diF-5HT) at
      rates 6-20 times faster than 5HT. The assay technique employed can make a
      critical difference in the measured rates of sulfation of these amines, however.
      For example, use of purified alveolysin toxin to disrupt cell membranes can
      result in as much as a 20-fold increase in the observed velocity of 5HT O
      sulfation. In intact platelets, only 1-3% of the total amount of radiolabelled
      material (as measured by a thin-layer chromatographic procedure) is the O-sulfate
      conjugate of 5HT. Up to 20% of the total H3-5HT taken up by cells becomes O
      sulfated following treatments such as reserpine which lead to a large increase in
      the extra-vesicular (cytoplasmic) pool of H3-5HT. Availability of a compound
      producing irreversible inhibition of M-type PST activity would facilitate
      exploration of intra-platelet 5HT metabolism, but compounds reported to inhibit
      essentially 100% of the PST activity in other systems do not appear to interfere
      with the action of human platelet M-type PST. Because of the apparent similarity
      between PST present in human platelets and in nerve microsacs prepared from
      guinea pig brains, PST inhibitors effective in human platelets might also be
      valuable for studies of amine metabolism in brain tissue. Possible candidates are
      discussed. Furthermore, the behavioral effects of compounds proving to be PST
      inhibitors could provide novel therapeutic approaches to the problem of
      depressive illness.

PMID- 6576228
TI  - Microgranular acute promyelocytic leukemia diagnosed by flow cytometry.

PMID- 6576229
TI  - Cancer control and community physicians in North Carolina.

PMID- 6576230
TI  - A toxin to test your mettle -- iron poisoning.

PMID- 6576231
TI  - The combined medical specialties unit: an innovative approach to patient care.

PMID- 6576232
TI  - Important facts about the menopause.

PMID- 6576233
TI  - Home safety for the elderly.

PMID- 6576234
TI  - Solar energy: good or bad?

PMID- 6576235
TI  - Spastic dysphonia helped by clipping recurrent laryngeal nerve.

PMID- 6576236
TI  - Cutaneous cholesterol embolism of the lower extremities.

PMID- 6576237
TI  - Don't send a dime, send artichoke seed.

PMID- 6576238
TI  - Habit patterns increase efficiency and save energy.

PMID- 6576239
TI  - Pattern of drug abuse.

PMID- 6576240
TI  - [The effect of education on communication skills. An attempt to evaluate].

PMID- 6576241
TI  - [Variations of rest height in 'freeway space'].

PMID- 6576242
TI  - [Dental caries in 5-year-old Amsterdam children in 1973 and 1981 and a study of
      knowledge, attitude and behavior with respect to dental care of their mothers].

PMID- 6576243
TI  - [Intraradicular fixation with vitamin pins of root fractures].

PMID- 6576244
TI  - [A systematic clinical and radiographic study of the jaws of 331 edentulous
      patients].

PMID- 6576245
TI  - [Periodontium or suture?].

PMID- 6576246
TI  - [Periodontal surgery in the anterior mandible].

PMID- 6576247
TI  - [Disturbances in tooth germ development].

PMID- 6576248
TI  - [Abrasion of occlusal composite restorations].

PMID- 6576249
TI  - [Treatment planning in dental care education].

PMID- 6576250
TI  - Solitary intracranial chloroma in a patient with chronic granulocytic leukemia.
AB  - A rare case of solitary CNS chloroma in a patient with chronic granulocytic
      leukemia (CGL) is described. This appears to be the first reported case of
      intracranial chloroma in CGL without systemic blastic crisis.

PMID- 6576252
TI  - Periodontal health in the caries-free society.

PMID- 6576251
TI  - Arylsulfate sulfohydrolase C of the central myelin during ontogenic development
      of the rat.

PMID- 6576253
TI  - The aetiology, progression, and diagnosis of periodontal disease.

PMID- 6576254
TI  - The prevalence and severity of periodontal disease.

PMID- 6576255
TI  - Periodontal training and personnel.

PMID- 6576256
TI  - Future needs in periodontology in New Zealand.

PMID- 6576257
TI  - Incidence of ovulation from the menarche to the menopause: observations of 622
      New Zealand women.
AB  - Urine samples were collected once weekly for two to four months from 622 normal
      women. Menstrual cycles were considered to be ovulatory if the 24 h pregnanediol
      output in the 12 days preceding menstruation was greater than or equal to 5 mumol
      on one occasion, or if the total excreted on two occasions, one week apart, was
      greater than or equal to 7 mumol. The incidence of ovulatory cycles increased
      from 48% in girls aged 10-14 yr to 72% by 20-24 yr, reached a plateau of 98% in
      women aged 30-39 yr, then declined with the approach of the menopause to 66% in
      women over the age of 50 yr. In women who were 5-8 yr from the menarche,
      departure from the parental home was associated with a decline in ovulatory
      incidence (84% for women living with parents, cf 46% for women living in flats
      and hostels; p less than 0.01). A similar decline was noted in women over the age
      of 40 yr who had experienced a break in a previously regular pattern of menstrual
      cycles (98% for women with regular cyclicity, cf 58% for women with variable
      cyclicity; p less than 0.001). Hormone patterns consistent with the occurrence of
      ovulation were seen at all stages from 120 days after the menarche to seven days
      before the menopause.

PMID- 6576258
TI  - Second trimester amniotic fluid acetylcholinesterase quantitation in the prenatal
      diagnosis of neural tube defects.
AB  - Amniotic fluid acetylcholinesterase (AChe) activity was assayed in second
      trimester amniotic fluids by inhibition of non-specific cholinesterase using
      lysivane. Of the 196 samples analysed, 146 were from normal pregnancies; 11
      (5.6%) from severe open neural tube defects; two from small open spina bifidas;
      seven from fetal chromosome abnormalities and two from severe skeletal
      dysplasias. In addition nine amniotic fluids were meconium stained and 19 (9.7%)
      had varying degrees of blood staining. Acetylcholinesterase values remained
      relatively constant from 13-21 weeks gestation in normal pregnancies and a cut
      off limit of 3.2 U/l was set (mean + 2 SD). Heavily blood stained amniotic fluids
      were associated with AChe levels on or above the normal cut-off limit. Meconium
      staining caused a non-significant elevation of AChe. No significant elevation of
      AChe was demonstrated for fetal chromosome abnormalities, or severe skeletal
      dysplasias. Anencephaly and severe open spina bifida had significantly elevated
      AChe levels.

PMID- 6576260
TI  - Official Information Act 1982 and the medical profession.

PMID- 6576259
TI  - Cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 6576261
TI  - Effect of technology on medicine: the changing decision-making process.

PMID- 6576262
TI  - Improving health care team work by education.
AB  - The place of team work in health care is emphasised. Reasons for caution among
      members of the medical profession are defined. The importance of medical students
      being aware of the input of other health care professionals together with
      association with them in their training years and integration in activities where
      possible has been proposed previously, but largely neglected. A number of schemes
      for improving the education of other professional groups in association with the
      Wellington Clinical School of Medicine are described. Better teamwork in health
      care depends upon people learning to work together by association during their
      training years.

PMID- 6576263
TI  - Acupuncture in the prophylactic treatment of migraine headaches: pilot study.
AB  - This study was planned as a pilot study to determine to what extent acupuncture
      might help in severe cases of migraine and, if possible, to see whether the
      mechanism was endorphin mediated. The study was carried out on 16 subjects who
      had severe and regular migraine for more than five years (mean duration 24
      years). The study lasted eight months and was divided into four blocks of two
      months each: pre-treatment, treatment block I, treatment block II, and post
      treatment. It was double-blind and cross-over in design. Acupuncture was found to
      cause a significant change in the number of headaches and their duration, with
      40% of the subjects showing a 50%-100% reduction. Although pain sensation was not
      altered, attacks were less severe and less often accompanied by nausea and
      vomiting. At no stage was there any difference between subjects receiving saline
      or naloxone so that the possibility of a non-endorphin mechanism must be
      considered.

PMID- 6576264
TI  - The effect of personal characteristics on response levels in a health survey.
AB  - In a survey of everyday health in South Auckland, 207 mothers kept a diary of
      their families' health episodes and influences. Besides noting the problems of
      obtaining and maintaining respondent compliance, we found considerable variations
      in reporting levels between the main ethnic groups and between those willing to
      keep diaries for shorter or longer periods. The number of reports recorded varied
      on different days of the week and as time progressed. We quantified these
      variations and suggest correction processes which may be applied to research
      findings in multi-cultural areas.

PMID- 6576265
TI  - Life style and longevity.

PMID- 6576266
TI  - Confidentiality.

PMID- 6576267
TI  - General practice and health.

PMID- 6576268
TI  - Gene effect.

PMID- 6576269
TI  - Risk with intravenous diazepam.

PMID- 6576270
TI  - Insurance medical examination.

PMID- 6576271
TI  - Alcohol and doctors.

PMID- 6576272
TI  - Ultrasound staffing.

PMID- 6576273
TI  - What are nursing standards? She's a good nurse!

PMID- 6576274
TI  - Pain assessment in the terminally ill.

PMID- 6576275
TI  - Some aspects of nursing education.

PMID- 6576276
TI  - What are nursing standards?

PMID- 6576277
TI  - Quality assurance--towards a workable definition.

PMID- 6576278
TI  - Nurses need to care.

PMID- 6576279
TI  - Clinical evaluation of students.

PMID- 6576281
TI  - Health care for workers brings real benefits.

PMID- 6576280
TI  - Setting up a health clinic on a construction site.

PMID- 6576282
TI  - Hospital staffing under scrutiny.

PMID- 6576283
TI  - Interpositional arthroplasty for ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint.
AB  - The relevant literature relating to the etiology and treatment of intra-articular
      ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint is reviewed, and three cases of
      ankylosis (one unilateral and two bilateral) are reported. Two of these occurred
      subsequent to trauma, while the other was a manifestation of severe ankylosing
      spondylitis. They were successfully treated by interpositional arthroplasty with
      silicone rubber tubing.

PMID- 6576284
TI  - Therapeutic injection of the temporomandibular joint.
AB  - A simplified technique for a therapeutic injection of the temporomandibular joint
      has been presented. We have emphasized diagnosis of the condition, as well as
      indications and contraindications. If the injection is used where indicated, the
      results are quite successful. Since this technique is inherently less demanding
      than those so far described, it may overcome the reluctance of dentists to inject
      the TMJ and thereby make certain cases more responsive to treatment.

PMID- 6576285
TI  - Ankyloglossia superior.

PMID- 6576286
TI  - The role of tracheostomy in fractures of the facial skeleton.
AB  - The application and need of tracheostomy in the management of facial trauma have
      been controversial. In this report forty-four cases of facial fractures, treated
      between Aug. 1, 1970, and July 31, 1980, and requiring tracheostomy are
      presented.

PMID- 6576287
TI  - Unusual healing of a fracture of an atrophic mandible. Report of a case.
AB  - Fractures of an atrophic edentulous mandible may present a serious problem in
      oral surgical treatment. A case is described in which a traumatic mandibular
      fracture, initially treated by means of a Gunning type of splint, and a
      subsequent spontaneous fracture on the opposite side were treated without
      mechanical fixation.

PMID- 6576288
TI  - Chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. A 3-year study.
AB  - Idiopathic (autoimmune) thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP) is accepted to be a
      disorder resulting from accelerated platelet destruction attributed to an
      autoimmune process. The patient whose case is presented in this article was first
      seen by a dentist. The oral findings have been documented as the case was
      followed for 3 years through acute exacerbations, pregnancy, and delivery of an
      infant with thrombocytopenia. The patient was managed with intermittent steroid
      therapy and splenectomy.

PMID- 6576289
TI  - Herpetic whitlow: report of a case with multiple recurrences.
AB  - A case of recurrent herpetic whitlow is discussed. The patient, a dental
      assistant at the time of her initial infection, developed herpetic whitlow caused
      by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). She has subsequently experienced nine
      recurrent infections with lesion spread, scarring, and persistent paresthesia.
      The severity of the most recent recurrences appears to have diminished, and
      prodromal sensations, that is, increased local sensitivity, have occurred without
      the subsequent development of lesions.

PMID- 6576290
TI  - Malignant gingival and skin "infiltrates" in adult leukemia.
AB  - The clinicopathologic and histopathologic features of leukemic gingival and
      cutaneous "infiltrates" were studied in 1,076 adults hospitalized for cancer
      chemotherapy. Leukemic gingival hyperplasia was present in 3.6 percent and
      leukemia cutis in 3.1 percent of the patients. Only 7.6 percent of those with
      leukemic "infiltrates" had simultaneous gingival and skin involvement.
      Histologically, the lesions consisted of extravasated and proliferating
      monocytoid or myeloid cells. The infiltrative-proliferative tendency was most
      pronounced in patients with, in a sharply descending order, acute monocytic
      leukemia, acute myelomonocytic leukemia, and acute myelocytic leukemia. Formation
      of lesions in the skin and gingiva was unrelated to sex, age, and white blood
      cell count. Gingival lesions were particularly prone to infectious complications
      in patients with poor oral hygiene. Aside from the morphologic predisposition,
      the propensity for adults with leukemia to develop chemotherapeutically
      reversible malignant mucocutaneous lesions was highly individualistic and
      unpredictable.

PMID- 6576291
TI  - Metastatic chordoma to the mandible.
AB  - The chordoma is a slowly growing spinal cord tumor that rarely metastasizes. This
      is the first report in the literature of a chordoma with metastasis to the
      mandible. The mandibular involvement occurred 4 years after the primary sacral
      chordoma was controlled by excision and radiation. The jaw lesion did not respond
      to radiation but has been controlled by resection.

PMID- 6576292
TI  - A radiographic evaluation of the periapical status of teeth treated by the gutta
      percha--eucapercha endodontic method: a one-year follow-up study of 458 root
      canals. Part I.

PMID- 6576293
TI  - The formocresol technique in young permanent teeth. A histopathologic study.
AB  - Twenty-six extractions were performed at random among seventy-six young,
      permanent teeth, treated by the formocresol technique, between 5 and 20 months
      after treatment: twenty-one with penetrating caries (nine vital and twelve
      nonvital) and five healthy. As a control group, thirteen permanent teeth with
      penetrating caries were removed: seven vital and six nonvital. The
      histopathologic analysis compared pretreatment and posttreatment radiographic
      examinations. In the control cases, there was almost always inflammation and/or
      necrosis in the entire root canal. In the experimental cases, fibrosis and
      osteodentin predominated in the apical third, diminishing gradually near the
      cervical third. Inflammation and necrosis, very low in the apical third,
      increased similarly near the cervical third. This response seems to be a stage in
      a process of evolution in biologic scar healing. The complete cure must require a
      greater lapse of time than that of this experiment--around 10 to 12 months.

PMID- 6576294
TI  - Antimicrobial effects of endodontic filling cements on microorganisms from root
      canal.

PMID- 6576295
TI  - New intraoral x-ray fluorographic imaging for dentistry.
AB  - A new dental x-ray fluorographic unit has been developed. This unit is composed
      of small intraoral x-ray tube, a compact x-ray image intensifier, and a high
      resolution TV system. The purposes for developing this equipment were to (1)
      directly observe the tooth during endodontic procedures and (2) reduce x-ray
      exposure to the patient and the dentist. The radiation exposure can be reduced to
      about 1/600 the exposure used with conventional dental film. In clinical trials,
      a satisfactory fluorographic dental image for endodontic treatment was obtained
      with this new device.

PMID- 6576296
TI  - Medial sigmoid depression: a panoramic pseudoforamen in the upper ramus.
AB  - A radiolucency resembling a foramen was observed on a number of panoramic
      radiographs in the upper ramus just below and slightly anterior to the sigmoid
      notch. The radiolucency may be unilateral or bilateral and does not correspond to
      the location of any known major foramina in this region. Eighty-eight skulls with
      mandibles were examined, and representative samples were photographed and
      radiographed in order to replicate this foramen-like radiolucency. The
      radiolucency corresponded to an osseous depression observable in some specimens
      in the medial portion of the ramus just below the sigmoid notch area. The
      incidence of this phenomenon in a study of 1,986 panoramic radiographs was also
      determined.

PMID- 6576297
TI  - Transposition of maxillary incisors.

PMID- 6576298
TI  - An unusual solitary bone cyst.

PMID- 6576299
TI  - A follow-up study of a third-party radiographic evaluation system.
AB  - A follow-up study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the rating system
      for third-party carriers which was developed and instituted in 1976. Further, the
      technical quality of radiographs submitted under the system was evaluated. The
      conditions and parameters of the second study were identical to those of the
      original work. Statistical comparison of the data from both studies shows a
      significant decrease in the frequency of error occurrences over the 3-year span
      between the studies.

PMID- 6576300
TI  - Lateral incisor with bifid roots.

PMID- 6576301
TI  - Dentigerous cyst: an excellent prognostication.

PMID- 6576302
TI  - Factitious foreign body implantations.

PMID- 6576303
TI  - Use of the Abbe flap in revision of the bilateral cleft lip-nose deformity.
AB  - Use of the versatile Abbe flap for lip-nose revision of a representative adult
      with bilateral cleft lip and palate is reported. The deformity is discussed, and
      the surgical plans are developed and executed. Presented is a technique for
      reliably securing the lateral orbicularis oris muscle components to the philtrum,
      which ensures viability of the transposed flap and provides functional continuity
      across the midline while accentuating the philtral dimple.

PMID- 6576304
TI  - Modified distolingual splitting technique for removal of impacted mandibular
      third molars: technique.
AB  - This first of two articles describes a modified distolingual splitting technique
      for removal of impaction of various classes. The second article evaluates the
      efficacy of the technique by reporting and comparing the incidence of
      postoperative sequelae with earlier research findings. In this technique, the
      lingual soft tissue is not separated from the bone. In addition, the fragmented
      lingual bone attached to the periosteum is not removed. The procedure is best
      performed with the patient under sedation or general anesthesia.

PMID- 6576306
TI  - Mandibular osteotomy complicated by styloid pain.
AB  - Although temporomandibular joint pain is not a rare complication of mandibular
      surgery, styloid pain syndrome has not been recognized heretofore as a
      complication of mandibular osteotomy. Usually styloid pain syndrome occurs
      following tonsillectomy or de novo. Most styloid syndromes involve the styloid
      process, the stylohyoid attachments, or the carotid artery. This article presents
      a case of stylohyoid pain syndrome caused by stretching of the stylomandibular
      ligament following mandibular osteotomy. Additional surgical intervention was
      required to relieve the symptoms in this case. Styloid process pain syndromes are
      reviewed.

PMID- 6576305
TI  - Treatment of intraoral hemangiomas with nitrous oxide cryosurgery.
AB  - Nitrous oxide cryosurgery, when applied efficiently, is shown to be both
      effective and consistent in the management of hemangiomas of the oral cavity.
      Continued use of this treatment modality is indicated.

PMID- 6576307
TI  - Lipoma of the tongue.

PMID- 6576308
TI  - Myelofibrosis of the facial bones.
AB  - Idiopathic myelofibrosis is a hematologic myeloproliferative disorder
      characterized by progressive marrow fibrosis, extramedullary hematopoiesis, and a
      leukoerythroblastic anemia. Consequently there are frequent secondarily
      precipitated multiple systems problems. This is the first report of this entity
      presenting with orofacial findings. The histopathogenesis, clinical presentation,
      and the therapeutic goals of treatment are reviewed.

PMID- 6576309
TI  - Alveolar bone necrosis and tooth loss. a rare complication associated with herpes
      zoster infection of the fifth cranial nerve.
AB  - Eleven case reports involving herpes zoster infection associated with alveolar
      bone necrosis and tooth loss were reviewed in order to develop a patient profile
      for this rare combination of physical findings. The clinical course of a 56-year
      old white woman with herpes zoster infection of the fifth cranial nerve and
      related alveolar bone necrosis, tooth loss, and oroantral fistula development is
      reported. The etiology and management of herpes zoster infection associated with
      destructive oral sequelae are discussed.

PMID- 6576310
TI  - Oral amyloidosis: a late complication of multiple myeloma.
AB  - Amyloidosis as a complication of multiple myeloma carries with it grave
      prognostic implications, and the median survival of myeloma patients following a
      diagnosis of amyloidosis is only 4 months. This article describes a patient who
      survived 6 years with kappa light chain myeloma, but only 4 months after the
      development of oral amyloid deposits. Oral amyloidosis may be clinically
      difficult to distinguish from fibrous, neurogenous, or salivary gland pathosis;
      however, histologic specimens stained with Congo red have a characteristic "apple
      green" appearance when examined microscopically with polarized light.

PMID- 6576311
TI  - The relationship of plexiform unicystic ameloblastoma to conventional
      ameloblastoma.
AB  - The term plexiform unicystic ameloblastoma refers to a pattern of epithelial
      proliferation that has been described in cystic lesions of the jaws. It has been
      considered hyperplastic epithelium, rather than ameloblastoma, by some
      pathologists because it does not exhibit previously accepted histologic criteria
      for ameloblastoma. This article provides histologic evidence that plexiform
      unicystic ameloblastoma is, in fact, a variant of conventional unicystic
      ameloblastoma by reporting ten cases of unicystic ameloblastoma that exhibit both
      patterns. Further evidence of the ameloblastomatous nature of plexiform unicystic
      ameloblastomas is that their biologic behavior, even when this pattern occurs
      alone, is similar to that of conventional unicystic ameloblastoma.

PMID- 6576312
TI  - Central fibroma of the jaw, odontogenic or desmoplastic.
AB  - Discerning desmoplastic fibroma from odontogenic fibroma may present considerable
      diagnostic difficulty. In the present article five cases of jaw fibroma serve to
      emphasize the various problems. Two cases represented desmoplastic fibroma. Both
      were treated by curettage, which was successful in one case but failed to provide
      a cure in the other. Factors responsible for this differing clinical course are
      discussed. A third case of desmoplastic fibroma proved to have been misdiagnosed,
      being a low-grade fibrosarcoma that subsequently showed dedifferentiation, and
      two cases were diagnosed as central odontogenic fibroma. After a discussion of
      the various histologic aspects of the reported cases, it is concluded tha
      desmoplastic fibroma is a well-delineated entity. Odontogenic fibroma, on the
      contrary, can exhibit a varying histomorphology, perhaps because of the existence
      of different entities that at present are taken together. To prevent the
      uncertainties concerning the odontogenic fibroma from making the definition of
      desmoplastic fibroma also indistinct, it is proposed that a central jaw fibroma
      that does not show the typical morphology of a desmoplastic fibroma should be
      considered an odontogenic fibroma.

PMID- 6576313
TI  - Peripheral calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor.
AB  - Most of the calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors (CEOT) are central lesions
      of the jaws, but the CEOT occurs infrequently on the gingiva. A cases of
      peripheral CEOT arising in the right upper molar gingiva of a 31-year-old
      Japanese woman is presented. A direct communication between the overlying
      gingival epithelium and the tumor was found by examination of serial sections. As
      a result, it was thought that one of the sources of peripheral CEOT might be
      gingival epithelium with potential proliferative activity.

PMID- 6576314
TI  - Multifocal adult rhabdomyoma.
AB  - It is not well recognized that a small but significant proportion of extracardiac
      adult rhabdomyomas have occurred multifocally. The present example of a 60-year
      old man with adult rhabdomyomas of the larynx and submandibular region is the
      seventh multifocal case out of approximately sixty adult rhabdomyomas reported in
      the literature. Previously published cases are summarized in this article.

PMID- 6576315
TI  - A radiographic evaluation of the periapical status of teeth treated by the gutta
      percha--eucapercha endodontic method: a one-year follow-up study of 458 root
      canals. Part II.
AB  - In Part I, which appeared in the last issue, the authors discussed the variations
      that exist in nonsurgical endodontic therapy with respect to methods of treatment
      and analyses of success and failure. They then reported on the materials and
      methods that were used in their clinical study of 458 root canals treated by the
      gutta-percha--eucapercha method and gave the criteria that were used for the
      radiographic analysis of success and failure in those cases. In Part II, the
      results of the one-year follow-up of those 458 root canals is presented. Tables
      and illustrations are used to substantiate the results.

PMID- 6576316
TI  - Modified distolingual splitting technique for removal of impacted mandibular
      third molars: incidence of postoperative sequelae.

PMID- 6576317
TI  - The integral dose in panoramic intraoral x-ray tube radiography.
AB  - A Monte Carlo computer program was developed to estimate the integral dose to the
      head and thyroid for panoramic intraoral x-ray tube radiography. The advantage of
      this computer simulation is that it is able to avoid many of the difficulties
      associated with low-energy and low-dose x-ray dosimetry. The calculations were
      made for maxillary and mandibular projections separately, using 10 kv. increments
      between 40 and 60 kv. The results obtained were presented in terms of the
      integral dose per milliampere second. Typical integral doses for a routine
      examination of the head are 2.1 mJ. and 8.5 microJ for the thyroid during
      mandibular radiography and 1.7 microJ for the thyroid during radiography of the
      maxilla using 55 kv. and 0.5 mAs.

PMID- 6576318
TI  - [The use of medium- and high-dose methotrexate in the management of malignant
      childhood diseases].

PMID- 6576319
TI  - [Morphological studies of gingival tissues in gingivitis under the influence of
      supra- and subgingival plaque].

PMID- 6576320
TI  - [Collagen fibers in dental surgery].

PMID- 6576321
TI  - [Calcifying odontogenic cysts (COC) with transformation into Pindborg's tumor].

PMID- 6576322
TI  - [Effect of Silvose TPS on inflammatory gingival changes].

PMID- 6576323
TI  - The bilaterally symmetrical deafferentation syndrome in macaques after bilateral
      spinal lesions: evidence for dysesthesias resulting from brain foci and
      considerations of spinal pain pathways.
AB  - Six macaques had been subjected to chronic left thoracic anterolateral cordotomy,
      which released persistent self-attacks of the hypoalgesic right hind limb. One to
      4 weeks later, lesions were placed in the right thoracic spinal cord, 2-5
      segments apart from the left lesion. None of these second-stage spinal lesions,
      including spinal hemisection, affected the continued self-attacks of the right
      leg. Therefore, the chronic deafferentation syndrome of contralateral
      anterolateral cordotomy is not dependent upon the rostral conduction, via long
      spinal sensory tracts, of neural activity from ipsilateral lumbosacral spinal
      segments. Furthermore, second-stage right thoracic spinal lesions, which damaged
      the anterolateral tracts in 4 macaques, caused the release of the deafferentation
      syndrome in the left hind limb, despite extensive prior destruction of the left
      anterolateral tracts. Therefore, the release of the deafferentation syndrome by
      contralateral cordotomy is independent of the functional activity of the
      ipsilateral anterolateral tracts. The bilateral symmetry of this syndrome after
      extensive bilateral spinal lesions suggests pathophysiological foci at the level
      of the brain rather than the spinal cord. This syndrome is considered to be an
      objective index of disturbing subjective sensations.

PMID- 6576324
TI  - The major histocompatibility complex of man: implications for transplantation and
      disease.

PMID- 6576325
TI  - A ten-year perspective of UMD dental hygiene program.

PMID- 6576327
TI  - Chronic myeloid leukaemia.

PMID- 6576326
TI  - The N-ras oncogene assigned to the short arm of human chromosome 1.
AB  - The human N-ras oncogene, isolated from the HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cell
      line, is distantly related to viral oncogenes of Kirsten and Harvey sarcoma
      viruses. We have determined its chromosomal location by Southern blot analysis of
      DNAs from 37 human x rodent hybrid cell lines derived from 8 different human
      donors, some of whom carried balanced rearrangements of chromosome 1. The results
      indicate that the N-ras oncogene (RASN) is localized on the proximal part of the
      short arm of human chromosome 1, in region p3200 leads to cen.

PMID- 6576328
TI  - [Disk hernias: modern neurosurgical treatment methods].

PMID- 6576329
TI  - [Determination of the degree of morphological regression following chemotherapy
      in malignant bone tumors].

PMID- 6576330
TI  - Ia antigen-bearing decidual cells and macrophages in cultures of mouse decidual
      tissue.
AB  - The ontogeny of Ia antigen expression on cells within the decidua basalis of the
      placenta and on decidual cells differentiating in vitro was investigated in the
      mouse. The results indicate that Ia antigen expression is temporarily restricted
      and can be detected in short-term cultures of decidual tissue only during the
      final third of gestation. The Ia antigen positive cells, which are non
      phagocytic, non-specific esterase negative and lack Fc receptors, appear to be
      true decidual cells on the basis of their fine structural characteristics. In
      contrast, morphologically identical dendritic decidual cells arising from
      differentiation in vitro of endometrial cells do not express Ia antigens. A
      population of small rounded cells was also present in cultures of both decidual
      tissue and in vitro decidualized endometrial cells. These rounded cells possess
      the macrophage-like properties of Fc receptors, non-specific esterase and
      phagocytic activity. The possible function of these cell populations within the
      decidual tissue is discussed.

PMID- 6576331
TI  - Structural aspects of a placenta from a case of maternal acute lymphatic
      leukaemia.
AB  - After delivery of a healthy female child from a mother suffering from acute
      lymphatic leukaemia (35th week of gestation) the placenta was examined by light
      and electron microscopy. Morphologically, the villi in this placenta from a case
      of maternal acute lymphatic leukaemia differed from those in a normal placenta in
      the following respects: 1. The frequent occurrence of fibrinoid deposits on the
      free surface of the syncytiotrophoblast and the pronounced formation of syncytial
      cytoplasmic protrusions. 2. Dilatation of syncytial rough endoplasmic reticulum,
      numerous syncytial knots and numerous autophagosomes. 3. An excessive number of
      villous cytotrophoblastic cells. 4. Thickening of the trophoblastic basement
      membrane. 5. Bulbous endothelial cells with cytoplasm in fetal capillaries. 6.
      Strands of basement membrane-like material within the villous stroma. 7.
      Phagocytosis of nucleus-containing cells by the syncytiotrophoblast. 8. Cells
      with an abundant number of microtubular bundles within the villous stroma. It is
      suggested that phagocytosis of nucleus-containing cells (tumour cells?) by the
      syncytium could play a role in the prevention of transplacental metastasis.

PMID- 6576332
TI  - Participation of renal prostaglandins in the nephrotic syndrome.
AB  - The participation of renal prostaglandins in the nephrotic syndrome has been
      investigated by the measurement of the urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2
      (PGE2), renal function and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system before,
      during and after the administration of indomethacin in a group of patients
      diagnosed as having chronic idiopathic glomerulonephritis with and without
      nephrotic syndrome. Our results indicate increased renal production of PGE2 in
      nephrotic patients. This contributes to the maintenance of renal function,
      probably by counteracting an activated renin-angiotensin system and could be
      accompanied by a simultaneous and deleterious enhancement of the degree of
      proteinuria. Nevertheless, the participation of angiotensin II in this last even
      cannot be excluded.

PMID- 6576333
TI  - Steady-state kinetic study of fatty acid synthase from chicken liver.
AB  - The steady-state kinetics of chicken liver fatty acid synthase has been studied
      over the pH range 5.9-8.6 in 0.1 M potassium phosphate/1 mM EDTA at 25.0 degrees
      C. The steady-state initial velocity, v, which was determined by measuring the
      rate of consumption of NADPH spectrophotometrically over a wide range of
      substrate concentrations, followed the rate law v = (formula; see text), in which
      Ac-CoA is acetyl-CoA, Mal-CoA is malonyl-CoA, the Kj are Michaelis constants, the
      Kj,i are inhibition constants, kcat is the turnover number, and [E0] is the total
      enzyme concentration. The product CoA is an inhibitor at high concentrations but
      activates the enzyme at low concentrations when the concentration of Ac-CoA is
      high. The rate law can be derived from a simple multistep mechanism; in terms of
      this mechanism, the Michaelis constants are lower bounds to the substrate
      dissociation constants, and the turnover number contains the first-order rate
      constants characterizing the reactions required to produce palmitic acid. Plots
      of kcat, kcat/KN, kcat/KA, and kcat/KM versus pH are bell shaped. Analysis of the
      results in terms of two ionizable groups indicates that in all cases an ionizable
      group with an apparent pKa of approximately equal to 6 is of importance. For kcat
      and kcat/KN, the apparent pKa of the second ionizable group is approximately
      equal to 7.8, whereas for kcat/KA and kcat/KM, it is approximately equal to 7.

PMID- 6576334
TI  - Protein structural domains in the Caenorhabditis elegans unc-54 myosin heavy
      chain gene are not separated by introns.
AB  - The 1,966-amino acid unc-54 myosin heavy chain sequence was determined from DNA
      sequence studies of the cloned gene. The gene is split by eight short introns, 48
      561 base pairs long, and appears to lack a "TATA" box at its promoter. The
      physical map of the gene was aligned with the genetic map by locating two point
      mutations and three internal deletions: 0.01 map units correspond to
      approximately 5 kilobases. Comparison of the unc-54 protein sequence with the
      sequence of a second myosin heavy chain from nematode, indicates that the
      globular head sequence S-1 is more highly conserved than the alpha-helical coiled
      coil rod. Major sites of proteolysis in S-1 are associated with variable
      sequences that have the characteristics of surface loops. In both genes there is
      no correlation between the positions of introns and the major protein structural
      domains.

PMID- 6576335
TI  - Molecular cloning of the cDNA coding for rat ornithine transcarbamoylase.
AB  - Ornithine transcarbamoylase is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme composed of three
      identical subunits encoded on the X chromosome. The subunit is synthesized on
      cytoplasmic polysomes as a precursor that is cleaved during transport into
      mitochondria. We report here the isolation and characterization of cDNA clones
      containing sequences corresponding to the mRNA encoding the ornithine
      transcarbamoylase subunit. cDNA was synthesized using rat liver mRNA enriched by
      polysome immunoadsorption for the low-abundance messenger species encoding the
      enzyme subunit. After insertion of cDNA into plasmid pBR322 and cloning in
      Escherichia coli, identification of the desired plasmids was accomplished by (i)
      differential colony hybridization using cDNA probes synthesized from mRNA of
      various tissues; (ii) differential blot hybridization using cDNA probes
      synthesized from mRNA enriched for or depleted of the ornithine transcarbamoylase
      message; (iii) hybrid-selected translation assays; and (iv) most definitively,
      structural analysis, which matched 25 consecutive amino acid residues determined
      by sequential Edman analysis of the carboxyl-terminal portion of the purified
      enzyme subunit with coding sequence present in the insert of one of the plasmids.

PMID- 6576336
TI  - Detection of a guanine X adenine base pair in a decadeoxyribonucleotide by proton
      magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AB  - A decadeoxyribonucleotide, d(C-C-A-A-G-A-T-T-G-G) (I), forms a duplex in
      solution. The base pairing pattern in this duplex was studied by proton nuclear
      magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Five NH...N hydrogen-bonded proton resonances
      were observed, and they were assigned by nuclear Overhauser enhancement
      experiments as well as by comparison to five previously assigned NH...N hydrogen
      bonded proton resonances in a self-complementary duplex of similar sequence, d(C
      C-A-A-G-C-T-T-G-G) (II). The results suggest that the central -G-A- residues of I
      form G X A base pairs in the helical state. The fact that the H2 proton of A at
      the sixth position from the 5' end of I showed nuclear Overhauser enhancement
      when the NH...N hydrogen-bonded proton resonance of G X A was irradiated suggests
      that the bases of the G X A base pair are oriented in an anti-anti conformation.
      Comparison of the linewidths at the half height of the NH...N hydrogen-bonded
      proton resonances of I at 1 degree C suggest that the G X A base pairs are less
      stable than adjacent A X T base pairs.

PMID- 6576337
TI  - Growth-related changes in specific mRNAs of cultured mouse cells.
AB  - A cDNA plasmid library has been constructed from the poly(A)+ RNA present in
      BALB/c3T3 cells after serum stimulation. Of 3,500 clones tested, approximately
      0.5% contained inserts corresponding to mRNAs present at higher levels in serum
      stimulated BALB/c 3T3 cell cultures than in quiescent cultures. Most of these RNA
      species increased 2- to 5-fold, and the kinetics of increase for various RNAs
      differed. One clone (28H6) hybridized to a 1-kilobase RNA species that is present
      at barely detectable levels in resting cells but is increased at least 15- to 20
      fold after serum stimulation, reaching a maximal level coincident with the onset
      of DNA synthesis. This RNA was at a high level in proliferating cells but
      decreased rapidly as cells reached confluence. 28H6 RNA was also increased in
      resting cells infected with simian virus 40 or stimulated with platelet-derived
      growth factor.

PMID- 6576338
TI  - Activation of calcineurin by limited proteolysis.
AB  - Calcineurin, a heterodimer of calcineurin B, a 19,000 Mr Ca2+-binding subunit,
      and calcineurin A, a 61,000 Mr calmodulin-binding subunit, was previously
      proposed to be a calmodulin- and Ca2+-regulated protein phosphatase. Like other
      calmodulin-stimulated enzymes, calcineurin can be activated and rendered
      calmodulin- and Ca2+-independent by limited proteolysis. By glycerol gradient
      centrifugation, the native enzyme has a s20,w of 4.5 S in EGTA and 5 S in the
      presence of Ca2+-calmodulin. Under the same conditions, the s20,w of the trypsin
      activated enzyme (4.3 S) is not affected by Ca2+ and calmodulin. The trypsin
      treated enzyme is a heterodimer of calcineurin B and a 45,000 Mr fragment of
      calcineurin A that has lost its ability to interact with calmodulin. Phosphatase
      activity sediments with calcineurin or its proteolytic fragments, providing
      further evidence that calcineurin is indeed a protein phosphatase. Calmodulin
      protects calcineurin against tryptic digestion; proteolysis occurs more slowly,
      yielding fragments with Mr 57,000, 55,000, and 54,000 that have preserved their
      ability to interact with calmodulin. After trypsin treatment in the presence of
      calmodulin, the protein phosphatase activity of calcineurin is still regulated by
      calmodulin. Prolonged trypsin treatment in the presence of calmodulin produces a
      46,000 Mr fragment. Unlike the fragments generated in the absence of calmodulin,
      this 46,000 Mr fragment still interacts weakly with calmodulin. Thus,
      calcineurin, like other calmodulin-regulated enzymes, consists of a catalytic
      domain resistant to proteolysis and a calmodulin-binding regulatory domain
      susceptible to protease action in the absence of calmodulin but not in its
      presence. In the absence of calmodulin, the regulatory domain exerts an
      inhibitory effect on the catalytic domain; the inhibition is relieved upon
      calmodulin binding to or tryptic degradation of the regulatory domain.

PMID- 6576339
TI  - Computer simulation of the dynamics of hydrated protein crystals and its
      comparison with x-ray data.
AB  - The structure and dynamics of the full unit cell of a protein (bovine pancreatic
      trypsin inhibitor) containing 4 protein molecules and 560 water molecules have
      been simulated by using the molecular dynamics method. The obtained structure,
      atom positional fluctuations, and structure factors are compared with x-ray
      values. A way of calculating the motional contributions to structure factors is
      proposed.

PMID- 6576340
TI  - New view of lipid bilayer dynamics from 2H and 13C NMR relaxation time
      measurements.
AB  - Natural abundance 13C spin-lattice (T1) relaxation time measurements are reported
      for unilamellar vesicles of 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (1,2-dipalmitoyl
      sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), in the liquid crystalline phase, at magnetic field
      strengths of 1.40, 1.87, 2.35, 4.23, 7.05, 8.45, and 11.7 tesla (resonance
      frequencies of 15.0, 20.0, 25.1, 45.3, 75.5, 90.5, and 126 MHz, respectively),
      and the results are compared to previous 2H T1 studies of multilamellar
      dispersions. For both the 13C and 2H T1 studies, a dramatic frequency dependence
      of the relaxation was observed. At superconducting magnetic field strengths (4.23
      11.7 tesla), plots of the 13C T1(-1) relaxation rates as a function of acyl chain
      segment position clearly reveal the characteristic "plateau" signature of the
      liquid crystalline phase, as found previously from 2H NMR studies. The dependence
      of T1(1) on ordering, determined previously from 2H NMR, and the T1(-1)
      dependence on frequency, determined from both 13C and 2H NMR studies, suggest
      that a unified picture of the bilayer molecular dynamics can be provided by a
      simple relaxation law of the form T1(-1) approximately equal to A tau f + BS2C-H
      omega -1/2(0). In the above expression, A and B are constants, SC-H (= SC-D) is
      the bond segmental order parameter, and omega 0 is the nuclear Larmor frequency.
      The first (A) term includes contributions from fast, local segmental motions
      characterized by the effective correlation time tau f, whereas the second (B)
      term describes slower, collective fluctuations in the local ordering. The value
      of tau f approximately equal to 10(-11) sec, obtained by extrapolating T1(-1) to
      infinite frequency, suggests that the segmental microviscosity of the bilayer
      hydrocarbon region does not differ appreciably from that of the equivalent n
      paraffinic liquids of similar chain length.

PMID- 6576341
TI  - Phorbol ester inhibits furosemide-sensitive potassium transport in BALB/c 3T3
      preadipose cells.
AB  - The tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) rapidly decreased the
      rate of 86Rb+ uptake into BALB/c 3T3 preadipose cells. The component of total
      86Rb+ influx affected by PMA is insensitive to ouabain but sensitive to the
      diuretic furosemide. Experiments designed to investigate the characteristics of
      the K+ transport system sensitive to PMA revealed that: (i) 86Rb+ uptake is
      highly dependent on external Na+, (ii) 86Rb+ uptake is highly dependent on
      external Cl-, (iii) 22Na+ uptake is dependent on external K+, and (iv) a major
      component of 86Rb+ efflux that is sensitive to PMA and furosemide is not
      dependent on extracellular K+. These features strongly implicate a Na+K+/Cl-
      cotransport system as the target of PMA and furosemide in these experiments. PMA
      caused a net intracellular accumulation of K+ within 15 min in these cells,
      presumably via its inhibitory effect on furosemide-sensitive K+ transport. Within
      30 min after PMA treatment, the mean cell volume was significantly reduced in
      treated compared to control cells, with a maximum decrease of 21% attained at 4
      hr after PMA. The significance of these findings for biologic changes induced by
      PMA is discussed.

PMID- 6576342
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of alpha-D-mannosidase II in the Golgi apparatus
      of rat liver.
AB  - Mannosidase II is involved in the trimming of alpha-1,6-mannosyl residues during
      the biosynthesis of glycoproteins containing N-linked oligosaccharides of the
      complex type. A highly specific polyclonal antibody (IgG) was isolated from
      rabbits immunized with a homogeneous preparation of mannosidase II prepared from
      rat liver. With this antibody, light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical
      studies on rat liver reveal that essentially all mannosidase II in hepatocytes is
      localized in the Golgi apparatus, the only other site with reaction product being
      the endoplasmic reticulum. The indirect immunocytochemical method used in this
      study involved three major steps: exposure of aldehyde-fixed tissue to immune and
      nonimmune IgG, treatment with staphylococcal protein A labeled with horseradish
      peroxidase, and incubation in diaminobenzidine to reveal sites of peroxidase
      activity. The procedures described overcome major problems in
      immunocytochemistry, allowing preservation of antigenic sites and maintaining
      adequate ultrastructural integrity. The in situ localization of other
      carbohydrate-processing enzymes, involved in either trimming or attachment of
      sugar residues, should be possible with this procedure. Because biosynthetic
      precursors of the processing enzymes may be revealed by an immunocytochemical
      approach, it is potentially significant that mannosidase II reaction product is
      present in areas of the endoplasmic reticulum as well as in the Golgi apparatus.

PMID- 6576343
TI  - Comparison of secretory protein and membrane composition of secretory granules
      isolated from normal and neoplastic pancreatic acinar cells of rats.
AB  - The diversity of cytodifferentiation in a transplantable rat pancreatic acinar
      carcinoma provides a biological model system for the study of regulatory
      molecular events that differ from those in normal acinar cells. Secretory
      (zymogen) granule proteins and granule membranes of neoplastic and normal
      pancreatic acinar cells were compared to determine the differences in gene
      expression between apparently well-differentiated secretory granule-containing
      neoplastic cells and normal cells. Nineteen proteins observed in two-dimensional
      polyacrylamide gels of normal secretory granule extracts were seen also in tumor
      granule extract profiles, with reduced but detectable amounts of lipase and four
      basic proteins. In addition, tumor granule extracts contained a new protein of Mr
      24,000, designated p24, which was not detectable in normal extracts. Neoplastic
      granule membranes, while having phospholipid composition similar to that of
      normal membranes, lacked or contained a greatly reduced amount of a major
      glycoprotein of Mr 80,000 and three other proteins of Mrs 50,000, 37,000, and
      36,000. The nature of p24 protein in secretory granule extracts and the
      significance of the reduction or absence of Mr 80,000 membrane glycoprotein in
      this tumor remain to be elucidated.

PMID- 6576344
TI  - Early epochal maps of two different cell adhesion molecules.
AB  - N-CAM, the neural cell-adhesion molecule, has previously been found to be
      expressed during several epochs of development and function, first as an early
      marker in embryo-genesis, later during organogenesis, and finally in adult life.
      L-CAM, the liver cell-adhesion molecule, has now been localized in embryonic and
      adult tissues of the chicken by fluorescent antibody techniques. In the early
      embryonic epoch, L-CAM and N-CAM appeared in epiblastic and hypoblastic tissues.
      L-CAM was distributed thereafter across all three germ layers. By the onset of
      neurulation, however, L-CAM disappeared in the region of the neural plate and N
      CAM increased in amount in that region. L-CAM appeared strongly on all budding
      endodermal structures (liver, pancreas, lung, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, and
      bursa of Fabricius) whereas N-CAM appeared most strongly in the neural plate,
      neural tube, and in cardiac mesoderm but was not found in endodermal derivatives.
      In placodes, both L-CAM and N-CAM were present until the formation of definitive
      neural structures, at which time L-CAM disappeared. In kidney precursors, the two
      CAMs followed a complex reciprocal pattern of appearance and disappearance. For
      the most part, however, the distributions of the two molecules did not overlap
      during organogenesis. Like N-CAM, L-CAM persisted in a distinctive pattern of
      expression in adult tissues. During embryonic development, the two different CAMs
      were distributed on tissues derived from more than two-thirds of the early
      embryonic surface. Interpretation of maps summarizing CAM distributions over a
      defined developmental epoch suggested a key role for both L-CAM and N-CAM in
      embryonic induction. Consistent with this interpretation and with the fact that
      the continuity of germ layers is lost when organ rudiments are formed, neither of
      the CAMs was limited in distribution to a single germ layer. The regions of the
      early epochal maps that lacked both L-CAM and N-CAM comprised some portions of
      the splanchnopleure and somatopleure. Certain adult tissues that derive from this
      lateral plate mesoderm such as smooth muscle also lacked L-CAM and N-CAM. Such
      observations suggest that at least one more CAM may exist in these and similarly
      derived tissues.

PMID- 6576345
TI  - Birds, behavior, and anatomical evolution.
AB  - Study of more than 200 species suggests that the anatomical differences among
      birds are as big as those among other vertebrates of comparable taxonomic rank.
      The result is notable because, for more than 100 years, many biologists have
      believed that birds are more uniform anatomically than other classes of
      vertebrates. Furthermore, assessment of biochemical and geological evidence
      suggests that the time scale for bird evolution could be quite short. Hence,
      birds may share with placental mammals the distinction of having had a high rate
      of anatomical evolution, compared to that in lower vertebrates. The rate appears
      to have been very high in songbirds and higher primates and extremely high in the
      genus Homo. In an attempt to explain such contrasts in rates of anatomical
      evolution, we advance the hypothesis that in higher vertebrates, behavior, rather
      than environmental change, is the major driving force for evolution at the
      organismal level. This hypothesis predicts accelerated anatomical evolution in
      species composed of numerous mobile individuals with the dual capacity for
      behavioral innovation and social propagation of new habits. Consistent with this
      hypothesis, we demonstrate a correlation between relative brain size and rate of
      anatomical evolution in land vertebrates.

PMID- 6576346
TI  - Trans-acting temporal locus within the beta-glucuronidase gene complex.
AB  - Mice carrying the [Gus]H haplotype of the beta-glucuronidase gene complex have
      considerably decreased enzyme levels and a decreased rate of enzyme synthesis.
      This is now shown to result from the action of two regulatory loci within the
      gene complex. One is a systemic regulator, Gus-u, that acts cis to cause a
      uniform reduction in enzyme levels in all tissues. The other is a temporal locus,
      Gus-t, that acts trans to cause abrupt switches in the rate of enzyme synthesis
      in only certain tissues and at characteristic stages of development. The
      distinction between these two loci was made possible by the introduction of a
      method for quantitating the relative numbers of A and H allozyme subunits in beta
      glucuronidase tetramers. The procedure involves purification of the enzyme,
      cleavage at methionyl residues with CNBr, isoelectric focusing to separate the
      peptides, and quantitation of the peptide containing the A/H amino acid
      substitution. The presence of a trans-acting regulatory locus within a gene
      complex raises evolutionary and functional questions about why it is located
      there and how it acts.

PMID- 6576347
TI  - Chromosomal assignment of a family of human oncogenes.
AB  - A family of human transforming genes, previously shown to share homology with the
      ras family of viral oncogenes, maps to three different human chromosomes. A well
      characterized mouse-human hybrid cell panel, combined with Southern blotting, was
      used in this study. The transforming gene of the T24 bladder carcinoma cell line
      maps to human chromosome 11. An oncogene isolated from the lung carcinoma cell
      line SK-Calu-1 maps to human chromosome 12. The third ras-related gene, cloned
      from SK-N-SH, a neuroblastoma cell line, maps to human chromosome 1.

PMID- 6576348
TI  - Idiotypic manipulation in mice: BALB/c mice can express the crossreactive
      idiotype of A/J mice.
AB  - The response of A/J mice to arsonate-coupled keyhole limpet hemocyanin is
      characterized by a crossreactive idiotype (CRIA). CRIA+ antibodies are restricted
      to the Igh-Ic haplotype and are never expressed in BALB/c mice after immunization
      with antigen. Studies at the DNA level suggest that the gene encoding the CRIA
      heavy chain in A/J mice is probably absent in the genome of BALB/c mice. Despite
      this, using the immunization cascade tool, we have been able to induce the
      expression of CRIA+ antibodies in BALB/c mice. These studies led to an apparent
      paradox, whose understanding will provide new insights into the regulatory
      mechanisms of the immune system. We suggest that clones secreting CRIA-like Igs
      in BALB/c mice are "somatic variants" that could arise from gene conversion
      events.

PMID- 6576349
TI  - Nickel-sequestering renal glycoprotein.
AB  - Kidney is the target organ where nickel is accumulated and subsequently excreted
      in the urine after an intraperitoneal administration of 63NiCl2 in rats. The
      radioactive nickel is found mostly bound to a low molecular weight protein in
      kidney, which was isolated, purified, and partially characterized in this study.
      Homogeneity of this protein was determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
      Amino acid analysis showed the presence of high amounts of glycine and proline
      and low amounts of phenylalanine, tyrosine, hydroxyproline, and hydroxylysine.
      The protein was found to be a glycoprotein with a carbohydrate content of 10%
      (wt/wt). Preliminary carbohydrate analysis showed that this glycoprotein is a
      high mannose-type containing mannose, galactose/glucose, and glucosamine. On the
      basis of the amino acid and carbohydrate analyses, the molecular weight of the
      glycoprotein is about 15,000-16,000. In vitro addition of nickel to the kidney
      cytosol also showed the presence of this protein. The protein appeared not to be
      affected or altered in its nickel-binding capacity by intraperitoneal or
      intravenous administration of actinomycin D, indicating it to be a noninducible
      protein. The glycoprotein demonstrated many characteristics of renal basement
      membrane. It is proposed that this protein is either a part of the renal basement
      membrane or is a part of the procollagen in the process of its conversion to
      collagen of the renal basement protein. The protein has a high affinity for
      nickel. It also may possess a similar binding affinity for other metals as well
      and may constitute a natural process of handling toxic levels of metals to be
      excreted.

PMID- 6576351
TI  - Discovery, invention, and development: human creative thinking.

PMID- 6576350
TI  - Attenuation of Mach bands by adjacent stimuli.
AB  - Pronounced bright and dark bands are seen at the bright and dark edges of half
      shadows and similar distributions of illumination. These are the so-called Mach
      bands. A pair of vertical Mach bands was generated with a ramp pattern in the
      central strip of a horizontal tripartite oscilloscope display. This pattern
      consisted of two uniform fields (one of low luminance, one of high luminance)
      joined by a gradient of uniform slope. The upper and lower strips were uniform
      throughout. A coupled pair of pointers could be displayed in these two strips and
      adjusted by the observer to match the apparent location and width of either of
      the Mach bands in the central strip. Insertion of a vertical bar in the central
      strip nearby and on either side of the ramp attenuates the corresponding Mach
      band. The closer the bar is to the Mach band, the stronger the attenuation. The
      attenuation is nearly independent of the sign of the contrast of the bar, but it
      does depend upon the magnitude and sharpness of the contrast. Also, the
      attenuation is independent of the width of the bar; a narrow line is as effective
      as a broad bar of the same contrast. No net luminance change is required; a
      bipolar stimulus with equal parts above and below the mean is as effective as a
      monopolar stimulus. These results point to two competing physiological mechanisms
      with different spatial sensitivities--one that generates Mach bands and one that
      attenuates them.

PMID- 6576352
TI  - Research and invention.

PMID- 6576353
TI  - Evidence for the general base mechanism in carboxypeptidase A-catalyzed
      reactions: partitioning studies on nucleophiles and H2(18)O kinetic isotope
      effects.
AB  - Methanol does not detectably compete with water in carboxypeptidase-catalyzed
      cleavage of any substrate, although it is preferentially reactive in a model for
      the proposed nucleophilic mechanism for the enzyme that involves an anhydride
      intermediate. To test for such a common intermediate in the cleavage of related
      peptide and ester substrates, a method has been developed to examine H2(16)O
      H2(18)O kinetic isotope-partitioning effects. The finding that
      benzoylglycylphenylalanine has an isotope effect of 1.019 +/- 0.002 while
      benzoylglycyl-beta-L-phenyl-lactate shows a small inverse isotope effect excludes
      most versions of a nucleophilic mechanism having a common anhydride intermediate.
      The bulk of the available evidence strongly favors the previously proposed
      general base mechanism.

PMID- 6576354
TI  - ADP-ribosylation of the Mr 83,000 stress-inducible and glucose-regulated protein
      in avian and mammalian cells: modulation by heat shock and glucose starvation.
AB  - ADP-ribosylation of proteins was analyzed by in vivo labeling of cells with
      [3H]adenosine, followed by separation of their protein components by two
      dimensional isoelectric focusing/NaDodSO4 polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We
      show here that in several cell types of avian and mammalian origin the major
      [34H]adenosine acceptor in vivo is a polypeptide with a Mr of 83,000 and
      isoelectric point of approximately equal to 5.3. This polypeptide is identical to
      one of the stress-inducible and glucose-regulated proteins (here called SP83)
      previously described in avian and mammalian cells. Snake venom phosphodiesterase
      digestion of purified 3H-labeled SP83 releases 5'-AMP and a minor fraction of 2'
      (5"-phosphoribosyl)-5-AMP. In vitro labeling with [32P]NAD+ of total cell lysates
      made in the presence of non-ionic detergents also results in incorporation of
      radioactivity into SP83. Both of these results strongly suggest that the
      modification is an ADP-ribosylation. Heat shock and glucose starvation of cells
      induce a rapid and extensive decrease in the incorporation of ADP-ribose into
      SP83, suggesting that ADP-ribosylation may be important for the regulation of the
      function of this protein.

PMID- 6576355
TI  - Increased membrane permeability to chloride in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
      fibroblasts and its relationship to muscle function.
AB  - Previous studies have suggested an abnormality in Cl- metabolism in Duchenne
      muscular dystrophy (DMD) fibroblasts. In order to further characterize this
      abnormality, we have studied 36Cl- distribution and permeability in 11 DMD and 12
      normal fibroblast lines. Under steady-state conditions Cl- efflux in fibroblasts
      is observed to be biphasic, revealing the presence of two major subcellular
      compartments. Each compartment contains approximately half of the cellular Cl-.
      The faster of the two observed efflux components is significantly higher in DMD
      than in control fibroblasts (P less than 0.001). To determine the results of a
      similar increase in Cl- permeability on skeletal muscle action potentials, we
      have simulated the effects of increased Cl- conductance on muscle by using a
      computer model. Effects on the simulated action potential include lower rates of
      membrane depolarization, lower overpotential, longer duration, and lower input
      resistance. These effects are similar to those actually observed in DMD muscle.

PMID- 6576356
TI  - "Prompt" heat shock proteins: translationally regulated synthesis of new proteins
      associated with the nuclear matrix-intermediate filaments as an early response to
      heat shock.
AB  - The response of mammalian cells, such as HeLa cells, to prolong exposure to
      increased temperature (termed heat shock) has been well characterized. In these
      studies new mRNA is synthesized for several proteins whose translation is best
      seen after a return to 37 degrees C. We show here another response to increased
      temperature of a distinctively different character. A set of at least 50 newly
      detectable proteins, exclusively associated with the nuclear matrix-intermediate
      filaments (NM-IF) fraction, is synthesized immediately upon exposure to high
      temperature. These are of very low abundance or nonexistent in the unstressed
      cell and none appear to correspond to the "classic" heat shock proteins produced
      after new transcription. Prior treatment with actinomycin D has little effect on
      these "prompt" proteins, and they appear to be made from preexisting mRNAs that
      are activated at the increased temperature. The protein synthesis in the soluble,
      cytoskeletal, and chromatin fractions is strongly reduced by the increased
      temperature, while the labeling of the prompt proteins associated with NM-IF
      complex rapidly rises severalfold above that in control cells. Additionally these
      results suggest that the four cell fractions are not arbitrary cell divisions;
      rather they represent physiologically significant compartments in the cell.

PMID- 6576357
TI  - Interaction of fibronectin with collagen: age-specific defect in the biological
      activity of human fibroblast fibronectin.
AB  - Fibronectins isolated fro early-passage and late-passage (in vitro aged) human
      fibroblasts were shown to differ in their ability to support cell adhesion and to
      influence cell morphology. Because fibroblast adhesion requires interactions
      between fibronectin, the cell surface, and the component of the extracellular
      matrix, we examined those functions in isolated cellular fibronectin. In
      comparison to fibronectin isolated from early-passage cells, fibronectin from
      late-passage cells bound poorly to native collagen types I and II. No differences
      were observed in the binding of the two fibronectins to denatured collagen. The
      binding of both fibronectins to native collagen was similarly promoted by
      heparin. Cell binding activity was evaluated by using a Boyden chamber assay to
      measure chemotaxis in response to either fibronectin. No differences were
      detected in cell binding. Comparisons of molecular weights by
      NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis reveals that fibronectin from late
      passage cells is larger than that from early-passage cells. That difference is
      observed both in fibronectins isolated from conditioned media and in fibronectins
      isolated from the cell layer. These data support the hypothesis that late-passage
      cells produce a structurally and functionally distinct fibronectin. The defective
      binding to native collagen may account for some aspects of the aged phenotype.

PMID- 6576358
TI  - Development of translationally active mRNA for larval muscle acetylcholinesterase
      during ascidian embryogenesis.
AB  - Relative quantities of translationally active acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholine
      acetylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7) mRNA present at various developmental stages were
      compared in embryos of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Purified RNA was tested
      for its translational capacity by microinjection into Xenopus laevis oocytes; the
      acetylcholinesterase produced was immunoprecipitated with antibody to Ciona
      acetylcholinesterase and enzyme activity was assayed radiometrically. With this
      protocol, enzyme synthesis was found to be directly related to the amount of RNA
      injected and to the oocyte incubation time. A functional template for
      acetylcholinesterase was first detected at 6 hr of development (late gastrula)
      and is probably present as early as 5 hr. The level of this template activity
      increased until the middle tail formation stage (11-12 hr after fertilization)
      and then remained constant until 16 hr of development (the final stage examined),
      2 hr before hatching. These findings, and the results of previous actinomycin D
      inhibition experiments, indicate that mRNA for ascidian larval muscle
      acetylcholinesterase is first synthesized during gastrulation.

PMID- 6576359
TI  - Three organizations of human DNA.
AB  - Human DNA was denatured, annealed to low C0t, and fractionated by centrifugation
      to equilibrium on gradients of NaI. Three well-defined zones resulted. The
      topmost, least dense zone contained satellite DNA. The bottom zone contained
      molecules bearing infrequent sequences and short repeated DNA. The middle zone
      contained molecules bearing infrequent sequences, short repeated DNA, and long
      repeated DNA. The NaI pattern was independent of single-strand DNA chain length
      from 5 to 30 kilobases. Structural genes were found in the organization bearing
      long repeats.

PMID- 6576360
TI  - Novel use of synthetic oligonucleotide insertion mutants for the study of
      homologous recombination in mammalian cells.
AB  - Thymidine kinase-deficient mouse L cells have been transformed with plasmid DNAs
      carrying 8-base-pair Xho I linker insertion mutations in the coding region of the
      herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene. When the mutant plasmids are
      introduced individually into LTK- cells, transformation efficiencies are greatly
      reduced relative to the wild type. However, when two mutant plasmids are
      cotransferred into the same LTK- recipients, significantly higher frequencies of
      transformation are observed (30-300 times). Here we demonstrate the usefulness of
      linker insertions for the study of homologous recombination in detecting the
      existence of normal thymidine kinase gene sequences (i.e., sequences lacking the
      insertions after recombination are substantiated by DNA . DNA hybridization). In
      addition, the frequencies of recombination in the various "crosses" are
      consistent with the known positions of the mutations.

PMID- 6576361
TI  - Defective myoblasts identified in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
AB  - A defect in the proliferative capacity of satellite cells, mononucleated
      precursors of mature muscle fibers, was found in clonal analyses of cells
      cultured from Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients. The total yield of
      myoblasts per gram of muscle biopsy was decreased to 5% of normal. Of the DMD
      myoblast clones obtained, a large proportion contained a morphological class of
      flat distended cells that had an increased generation time and ceased to
      proliferate beyond 100-1,000 cells but could be induced to fuse and form
      myotubes. The altered muscle phenotype was detected in all cultures from DMD
      patients but was rarely found among myoblasts of controls. By age 14 yr, it
      comprised as man as 90% of DMD myoblasts. The remaining DMD myoblast clones,
      which initially grew well, had severely impaired proliferative capacity upon
      passage and further cultivation. Eventually all myoblasts from DMD muscle tissue
      exhibited defective growth potential. In contrast, the fibroblast yield and
      proliferative capacity from DMD samples did not differ from normal. Based on
      these findings, we propose a hypothesis for the etiology of DMD: Dividing
      myoblasts are required for muscle growth and maintenance, and the limited
      capacity of DMD myoblasts to grow is directly related to the progressive muscle
      degeneration characteristic of the disease.

PMID- 6576362
TI  - Viral nucleic acid synthesis and antigen accumulation in pancreas and kidney of
      Pekin ducks infected with duck hepatitis B virus.
AB  - Liver, pancreas, and kidney from Pekin ducks infected with duck hepatitis B virus
      (DHBV) were assayed for the presence of both viral antigen and replication
      specific forms of viral nucleic acid. In young congenitally infected ducks,
      antigen was detectable in hepatocytes and bile duct epithelia, in kidney
      glomeruli and tubular epithelia, and in cells localized to pancreatic acini. In
      older experimentally infected ducks, antigen was detectable in hepatocytes, in
      glomeruli and tubular epithelia, and in cells localized to presumptive pancreatic
      alpha-islets. All but the glomeruli-associated viral antigen appeared to be
      localized to the cytoplasm of antigen-positive cells. Much of the glomeruli
      associated antigen appeared to be extracellular and was detected in glomeruli
      that were positive for the accumulation of immunoglobulin, observations
      suggestive of the deposition of viral antigen-antibody complexes. As analyzed
      with bulk tissue, replication-specific forms of viral nucleic acid were
      detectable in liver and pancreas from the young congenitally infected ducks and
      in liver and kidney from the older experimentally infected ducks.

PMID- 6576363
TI  - Crosslinked myosin subfragment 1: a stable analogue of the subfragment-1.ATP
      complex.
AB  - Myosin subfragment 1 (S-1) with its two reactive cysteine groups crosslinked by
      N,N'-p-phenylenedimaleimide (pPDM), is shown to be a stable analogue of S-1 X ATP
      and S-1 X ADP X Pi, the predominant complexes present during the steady-state
      hydrolysis of ATP by S-1. pPDM-S-1 binds to actin with about twice the affinity
      of S-1 X ATP or S-1 X ADP X Pi, whereas its affinity is 1/100th of that of S-1 X
      5'-adenylyl imidodiphosphate and 1/1,000th of that of S-1 X ADP. pPDM-S-1 is also
      similar to S-1 X ATP and S-1 X ADP X Pi in that its binding to actin is not
      inhibited by troponin-tropomyosin. In contrast, the binding of S-1, S-1 X ADP,
      and S-1 X 5'-adenylyl imidodiphosphate to actin is markedly inhibited by troponin
      tropomyosin in the absence of Ca2+ when actin is in large excess over S-1. This
      suggests that modifying S-1 with pPDM stabilizes a conformation which mimics that
      induced by the binding of ATP.

PMID- 6576364
TI  - Methylation of replicating and post-replicated mouse L-cell DNA.
AB  - We have introduced [alpha-32P]dGTP into permeabilized cells and measured the
      degree of methylation at CpG sites by nearest-neighbor analysis. This method
      reveals a lag of approximately 1 min between DNA synthesis and the modification
      event. When methylation is inhibited by the addition of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine
      in the presence of continued DNA synthesis, the resulting hemimethylated sites
      are methylated immediately after the release of inhibition. The results suggest
      that the methylase activity in the cell allows immediate methylation but
      conditions at the replication fork bring about a short delay in the onset of the
      modification reaction.

PMID- 6576365
TI  - 12-fold difference between the critical monomer concentrations of the two ends of
      actin filaments in physiological salt conditions.
AB  - We determined the critical monomer concentrations at which association and
      dissociation reactions are balanced at the two ends of actin filaments. For
      measurement of the critical concentration of the pointed end, interference with
      the high dynamics of the barbed end was excluded by capping the barbed ends with
      an actin filament capping protein isolated from bovine brain. The critical
      concentration of the pointed end (1.5 microM) was found to be 12- to 15-fold
      higher than the critical concentration of the barbed end (0.10-0.12 microM) at a
      temperature of 37 degrees C and physiological salt concentrations (100 mM KCl/1-2
      mM MgCl2/0.3 mM EGTA or 0.2 mM CaCl2, pH 7.5).

PMID- 6576366
TI  - Resolution of the diadenosine 5',5"'-P1,P4-tetraphosphate binding subunit from a
      multiprotein form of HeLa cell DNA polymerase alpha.
AB  - A diadenosine 5',5"'-P1,P4-tetraphosphate (Ap4A) binding subunit has been
      resolved from a high molecular weight (640,000) multiprotein form of DNA
      polymerase alpha [deoxynucleoside triphosphate:DNA nucleotidyltransferase (DNA
      directed), EC 2.7.7.7] from HeLa cells [DNA polymerase alpha 2 of Lamothe, P.,
      Baril, B., Chi, A., Lee, L. & Baril, E. (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78,
      4723-4727]. The Ap4A binding activity copurifies with the DNA polymerizing
      activity during the course of purification. Hydrophobic chromatography on
      butylagarose resolves the Ap4A binding activity from the DNA polymerase. The Ap4A
      binding activity is protein in nature since the binding of Ap4A is abolished by
      treatment of the isolated binding activity with proteinase K but is insensitive
      to treatment with DNase or RNase. The molecular weight of the Ap4A binding
      protein, as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under nondenaturing
      conditions or by NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after photoaffinity
      labeling of the protein with [32P]Ap4A is 92,000 or 47,000. The binding activity
      of this protein is highly specific for Ap4A.

PMID- 6576367
TI  - High-resolution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study of cerebral hypoxia in vivo.
AB  - 1H NMR spectra at 360.13 MHz were obtained of the rat brain in vivo by using a
      surface coil placed over the skull. Resonances of numerous metabolites were
      identified by comparison with the 1H NMR spectra of excised rat brain tissue and
      acid extracts of the tissue. Changes in cerebral lactate levels resulting from
      the administration of gas mixtures low in oxygen were monitored in the in vivo
      brain spectra with a time resolution of 2.3 min. The electroencephalogram and
      electrocardiogram were recorded simultaneously during the NMR experiment.
      Reversibility of the hypoxic response was documented when, upon oxygen
      administration, cerebral lactate returned to its prehypoxic level. These
      experiments demonstrate the applicability of high-resolution 1H NMR to monitor
      pathophysiology of brain metabolism in real time.

PMID- 6576368
TI  - Induction of ppp(A2'p)nA-dependent RNase in murine JLS-V9R cells during growth
      inhibition.
AB  - We recently reported that interferon induces the synthesis of ppp(A2'p)nA(n = 2
      to greater than or equal to 4) (2-5A)-dependent RNase in the murine cell line JLS
      V9R. These cells normally contain very low levels of the nuclease; after
      interferon treatment, however, they develop levels approaching those found in
      murine L or Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Here, we report a similar increase in
      the nuclease levels in JLS-V9R cells during the transition from the subconfluent
      actively growing state to the confluent stationary phase. Levels of 2-5A
      synthetase increased in parallel with the nuclease. The induced levels of both
      the nuclease and synthetase returned to low basal amounts after trypsinization,
      dilution, and culturing of the cells at subconfluent densities. The addition of
      anti-murine interferon (alpha + beta) antibodies to the medium did not affect the
      induction of the nuclease nor could any interferon be detected in the culture
      supernatants as determined by the lack of antiviral activity. The increase in the
      enzymes was not, therefore, due to the spontaneous production of interferon. The
      induction of the nuclease during confluency preceded an inhibition of [3H]
      thymidine incorporation by the cells into DNA. The regulation of the 2-5A
      dependent RNase in JLS-V9R cells may, therefore, be related to the control of
      cell growth.

PMID- 6576369
TI  - Binding of alpha-bungarotoxin to isolated alpha subunit of the acetylcholine
      receptor of Torpedo californica: quantitative analysis with protein blots.
AB  - The direct binding of alpha-bungarotoxin to the alpha subunit of the
      acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo electric organ immobilized onto protein blots
      was demonstrated. Protein blots were prepared by electrophoretically transferring
      resolved acetylcholine receptor subunits from 10% polyacrylamide gels onto
      Zetabind, positively charged nylon membrane filters. Such blots, when incubated
      with 125I-labeled alpha-bungarotoxin, washed, and autoradiographed, gave rise to
      a single labeled band corresponding to the alpha subunit of the receptor. The
      labeling with alpha-bungarotoxin could be inhibited by pretreating the receptor
      containing membranes with the affinity ligand 4-(N-maleimido)-alpha
      benzyltrimethylammonium iodide. In addition, the association of toxin with the
      alpha subunit could be inhibited by d-tubocurarine (IC50 = 0.9 mM). Furthermore,
      removal of high-mannose oligosaccharide chains from the alpha subunit by
      treatment with endoglycosidase H did not interfere with the observed toxin
      binding. Thus it is demonstrated that isolated, immobilized alpha subunit of the
      Torpedo acetylcholine receptor can bind alpha-bungarotoxin. However, the observed
      binding of alpha-bungarotoxin to immobilized alpha subunit is reduced in affinity
      to 1/1,000 to 1/10,000 of that obtained with native receptor. The endoglycosidase
      H-susceptible oligosaccharide side chain(s) is not required for this interaction.
      Binding of alpha-bungarotoxin is to the physiologically relevant acetylcholine
      binding site as defined by affinity ligand alkylation.

PMID- 6576370
TI  - Energy depletion retards the loss of membrane transport during reticulocyte
      maturation.
AB  - The effect of metabolic depletion on the maturation-associated loss of membrane
      functions has been studied by using sheep reticulocytes incubated in vitro at 37
      degrees C for periods up to 41 hr. ATP was either maintained with glucose,
      adenosine plus inosine, or depleted with 2-deoxyglucose plus arsenate. Two
      membrane transport systems were studied: Na+-dependent glycine transport activity
      and the sodium pump, estimated from measurements of the number of [3H]ouabain
      binding sites per cell. Both transport systems were decreased during maturation.
      However, the decrease was much less in ATP-depleted cells compared to ATP-replete
      cells. It is concluded that the loss of certain functions during reticulocyte
      maturation is retarded by metabolic depletion.

PMID- 6576371
TI  - Cultural versus genetic adaptation.
AB  - We analyze the problem of the competition between genetic and cultural
      adaptation, testing various types of cultural transmission models versus a
      genetic (haploid) transmission model. With a vertical (parent-to-child) plus an
      infectious (oblique) cultural transmission, genetic adaptation always prevails,
      although its relative increase may be slow and polymorphism may persist for some
      time. Only under very special conditions of cultural transmission may a permanent
      polymorphism in which the two types of adaptation are represented be reached.
      There may, however, be an overall evolutionary advantage to a flexible mechanism
      of cultural transmission that allows adaptation to new situations for which no
      genetic mutants are available.

PMID- 6576372
TI  - Two-dimensional electrophoresis of plasma polypeptides reveals "high"
      heterozygosity indices.
AB  - A series of 62 plasma samples have been examined for genetic variation by the
      technique of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by
      silver-staining of the gels. Twenty polypeptides chosen without respect to
      variability were considered suitable for scoring. Of the total of 1,240
      polypeptides, 29 could not be scored unambiguously. Seventy-five of the remaining
      1,211 exhibited the combination of a normal and a variant polypeptide. All
      variants were present in either the father or the mother of the subject. This
      index of heterozygosity (6.2 +/- 0.7%) is substantially higher than those
      reported by others in similar studies of human fibroblasts, lymphocytes, kidney,
      or brain cells.

PMID- 6576373
TI  - Genetic analysis of the 15;17 chromosome translocation associated with acute
      promyelocytic leukemia.
AB  - Somatic cell hybrids have been constructed between a thymidine kinase-deficient
      mouse cell line and blood leukocytes from a patient with acute promyelocytic
      leukemia showing the 15q+;17q- chromosome translocation frequently associated
      with this disease. One hybrid contains the 15q+ translocation chromosome and very
      little other human material. We have shown that the c-fes oncogene, which has
      been mapped to chromosome 15, is not present in this hybrid and, therefore,
      probably is translocated to the 17q- chromosome. Analysis of the genetic markers
      present in this hybrid has enabled a more precise localization of the
      translocation breakpoints on chromosomes 15 and 17. Our experiments also have
      enabled an ordering and more precise mapping of several genetic markers on
      chromosomes 15 and 17.

PMID- 6576374
TI  - Complete nucleotide sequence of an infectious clone of Friend spleen focus
      forming provirus: gp55 is an envelope fusion glycoprotein.
AB  - The Friend spleen focus-forming provirus is 6,296 base pairs (bp) in length.
      Compared to Moloney murine leukemia virus, it has undergone five major deletions,
      three substitutions, and a number of minor alterations. Otherwise, these viruses
      are about 90% homologous. A 16-bp palindrome is found in the region thought to be
      involved in packaging and dimerization of the RNA genome. Premature termination
      of translation of the gag polyprotein is attributed to a 13-bp deletion in the
      p12 region. A substitution of xenotropic env sequences was identified in the 5'
      region of the env gene; 150 nucleotides 3' to this substitution, a deletion of
      585 bp removes the site where the normal env precursor protein is cleaved to form
      gp70 and p15(E), resulting in a fusion protein of Mr 44,725. Due to these
      changes, the env product gp55 is expected to have a substantially different
      conformation on the cell surface compared to either a xenotropic or ecotropic
      gp70 protein, and may be responsible for the rapid erythroleukemic potential of
      spleen focus-forming virus.

PMID- 6576375
TI  - Ontogenic development of contrasuppression.
AB  - Using a xenogeneic graft-versus-host assay system, we have been able to document
      the sequential appearance of certain regulatory cells in newborn mice. Before
      birth, mouse spleen cells exhibit potent suppression that cannot be ameliorated
      by contrasuppressor cells. On the day of birth, the spleens contain equally
      potent suppressor cells, but these cells now can be inhibited totally by
      contrasuppressor cells. Between days 1 and 2 after birth, suppression, as picked
      up by our system, has disappeared. However, it can be found hiding behind
      contrasuppressor cells, as elimination of the latter cells with appropriate
      antisera reveals cells with the same suppressive potency as spleen cells taken 1
      or 2 days earlier. Further, if the thymus is removed on the day of birth or 1 day
      later, the suppressor-obscuring cells do not appear. Thus, there appears to be an
      inherent ontogenic schedule that the thymus follows, which determines the time
      when different regulatory cells will emerge from it.

PMID- 6576377
TI  - Transmission of naturally occurring lymphoma in macaque monkeys.
AB  - Spontaneously occurring rhesus monkey lymphomas were transmitted into healthy
      rhesus monkeys by using tumor cell suspensions. The naturally arising tumors
      included an immunoblastic sarcoma and an undifferentiated lymphoma. Recipient
      animals developed undifferentiated lymphomas, poorly differentiated lymphomas, or
      parenchymal lymphoproliferative abnormalities suggestive of early lesions of
      lymphoma. Some of these animals developed such opportunistic infections as
      cytomegalovirus hepatitis and cryptosporidiosis. They also showed evidence of an
      abnormal circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cell. These findings, all
      characteristic of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) of macaques,
      suggest a link between these transmissible lymphomas and AIDS in macaque monkeys.

PMID- 6576376
TI  - Affected erythrocytes of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria are
      deficient in the complement regulatory protein, decay accelerating factor.
AB  - Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired defect of bone marrow
      stem cells in which the affected clones produce erythrocytes (also granulocytes
      and platelets) with membranes that are abnormally sensitive to complement
      mediated lysis. Abnormal erythrocytes (E) from patients with PNH (PNH-E) are 3-5
      times more sensitive (type II PNH-E) or 15-25 times more sensitive (type III PNH
      E) to lysis in vitro by human complement than normal E from unaffected
      individuals and the functionally normal E that arise from unaffected clones and
      the functionally normal E that arise from unaffected clones in PNH patients (type
      I PNH-E). After complement activation by either the classical or alternative
      pathway, abnormal amounts of C3b are deposited on the membranes of PNH-E compared
      with normal E, suggesting that the PNH-E membrane cannot regulate the events
      responsible for C3b deposition. Two proteins that decrease the stability of the
      classical and alternative pathway C3 convertases on target cells have been
      isolated from normal human E stroma: the 70,000 Mr decay accelerating factor of
      stroma (DAF) and the 250,000 Mr C3b receptor (C3bR). Specific immune precipitates
      of solubilized membranes from 125I-surface-labeled normal E demonstrate both
      proteins. In contrast, specific immune precipitates of PNH-E from three patients
      show C3bR but are deficient in DAF; type II PNH-E are relatively deficient and
      type III PNH-E are totally deficient in DAF. Antibody that neutralizes the
      activity of isolated DAF is adsorbed by intact normal E under conditions in which
      it is weakly adsorbed by type II PNH-E and not adsorbed by type III PNH-E. The
      deficiency of DAF antigen in PNH-E, as assessed by lack of immunoprecipitation
      and antibody adsorption, could explain the abnormal sensitivity of PNH-E to
      complement-mediated lysis and suggests that DAF may protect the membranes of
      normal E from damage resulting from autologous complement activation.

PMID- 6576379
TI  - Low density lipoprotein degradation by mononuclear cells from normal and
      dyslipoproteinemic subjects.
AB  - Three major characteristics of cell surface low density lipoprotein (LDL)
      receptor activity in fibroblasts or lymphocytes are high-affinity LDL binding or
      degradation, specificity for LDL, and "inducibility"--that is, the ability to
      increase when cells are cultured in the absence of lipoproteins. Cells from
      patients with receptor-negative homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)
      have been reported to express none of these characteristics, and the patients are
      thought to have a genetic absence of LDL receptors. We found that, although
      induced receptor-negative lymphocytes degraded less LDL than did normal
      lymphocytes, the curves for LDL degradation versus LDL concentration were
      biphasic, with greater concentration-dependence at LDL concentrations less than
      60 micrograms/ml, indicating high-affinity LDL degradation. The percentage of
      specific LDL degradation by induced receptor-negative lymphocytes was two-thirds
      of normal with LDL at 10 micrograms/ml and increased to normal at 50
      micrograms/ml, an LDL concentration still within the range of high-affinity
      degradation. Receptor-negative lymphocytes could be induced by incubation in the
      absence of lipoproteins to degrade twice as much LDL as they did when freshly
      isolated. Freshly isolated cells from abetalipoproteinemic patients and one
      receptor-negative patient degraded as much LDL as did fresh normal cells. The
      findings indicate that receptor-negative lymphocytes have a mechanism for
      facilitated uptake of LDL that resembles that of normal lymphocytes, although it
      is not as efficient.

PMID- 6576378
TI  - Human arterial wall cells secrete factors that are chemotactic for monocytes.
AB  - Macrophages and arterial smooth muscle cells comprise the cellular components of
      the atherosclerotic plaque. The vessel wall accumulation of macrophages occurs by
      a process of increased circulating monocyte migration into the vessel wall. In
      these studies it is demonstrated that human macrophages and arterial smooth
      muscle cells in culture secrete potent chemotactic factors for freshly isolated
      human monocytes. In contrast, human fibroblast-conditioned medium has no
      chemotactic activity. The effect of macrophage-conditioned medium is a function
      of macrophage differentiation and can be potentiated by macrophage activation.
      These results suggest that secretory products of human macrophages and arterial
      smooth muscle cells may be important stimuli for increased monocyte migration
      into the vessel wall in vivo.

PMID- 6576380
TI  - Proenkephalin, [Met]enkephalin, and oxytocin immunoreactivities are colocalized
      in bovine hypothalamic magnocellular neurons.
AB  - The distribution of proenkephalin and [Met]enkephalin immunoreactivities in the
      bovine hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system was studied by use of specific
      antisera. Proenkephalin and [Met]enkephalin immunoreactivities were found in
      magnocellular neuronal cell bodies in the dorsal part of the supraoptic nuclei
      and in the peripheral part of the paraventricular nuclei. A densely staining
      network of nerve terminals was found in the external part of the median eminence
      and in the posterior hypophysis. This general distribution is identical to that
      of the neurohypophyseal hormone oxytocin. The precise localization of
      proenkephalin and [Met]enkephalin immunoreactivities was compared to the
      distribution of oxytocin and vasopressin in serial 5-micron sections through the
      magnocellular nuclei. Oxytocin immunoreactivity was nearly always present in
      cells that were stained with proenkephalin and [Met]enkephalin antisera. The
      vasopressin-immunoreactive cells were never stained with either the proenkephalin
      or the [Met]enkephalin antisera.

PMID- 6576382
TI  - Recent advances in retinex theory and some implications for cortical
      computations: color vision and the natural image.

PMID- 6576381
TI  - Identification in pituitary tissue of a peptide alpha-amidation activity that
      acts on glycine-extended peptides and requires molecular oxygen, copper, and
      ascorbic acid.
AB  - An enzymatic activity capable of producing an alpha-amidated peptide product from
      its glycine-extended precursor has been identified in secretory granules of rat
      anterior, intermediate, and neural pituitary and bovine intermediate pituitary.
      High levels of endogenous inhibitors of this alpha-amidation activity have also
      been found in tissue homogenates. The alpha-amidation activity is totally
      inhibited by addition of divalent metal ion chelators such as
      diethyldithiocarbamate, o-phenanthroline, and EDTA; alpha-amidation activity is
      restored to above control levels upon addition of copper. The alpha-amidation
      reaction requires the presence of molecular oxygen. Of the various cofactors
      tested, ascorbic acid was the most potent stimulator of alpha-amidation. The
      alpha-amidation activity has a neutral pH optimum and is primarily soluble
      following several cycles of freezing and thawing. Kinetic studies with the bovine
      intermediate pituitary granule-associated activity demonstrated a linear
      Lineweaver-Burk plot when D-Tyr-Val-Gly was the varied substrate; the apparent Km
      and Vmax varied with the concentration of ascorbic acid. The substrate
      specificity of the alpha-amidation activity appears to be quite broad; the
      conversion of D-Tyr-Val-Gly into D-Tyr-Val-NH2 is inhibited by the addition of a
      variety of glycine-extended peptides.

PMID- 6576383
TI  - Experimental studies on the possible combined chemotherapy to neoplasms with
      Fluosol-DA infusion.
AB  - Administration of Fluosol DA with oxygen elevated the tissue p02 in tumors
      primarily due to the increased local blood flow and to the higher oxygen content
      of Fluosol-DA. The elevated tissue p02 enhanced the tumor's sensitivity to the
      cytotoxic effect of some anticancer drugs.

PMID- 6576384
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 - like activity and senile osteoporosis.
AB  - Prostaglandin E2-like activity in bone samples from patients with senile
      osteoporosis was determined and found higher than in samples obtained from normal
      patients. The results suggest that endogenous prostaglandins may have a role in
      the pathogenesis of senile osteoporosis.

PMID- 6576385
TI  - Effect of prolonged treatment with acetylsalicylic acid and dipyridamole on
      platelet thromboxane A2 production in atherosclerotic subjects.
AB  - We evaluated the effect of four weeks treatment with 90 mg and 1500 mg of
      acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), 990 mg of ASA together with 225 mg of dipyridamole
      and 225 mg of dipyridamole daily on the production of thromboxane A2 (TxA2) by
      platelets of atherosclerotic subjects. All doses of ASA studied inhibited 99% or
      more of TxA2 production from the third day to the end of the treatment, whereas
      dipyridamole did not have any effect. After the treatment, TxA2 production
      recovered in two weeks. Our results argue against the clinical relevance of the
      recent suggestions that salicylate accumulating during prolonged treatment with
      ASA could reduce the effect of the parent drug on the synthesis of TxA2 by
      platelets. Our data also dispute the inhibition of TxA2 synthesis as an
      antithrombotic mechanism of dipyridamole.

PMID- 6576386
TI  - Metabolic factors regulating the generation of prostaglandins E1 and E2 by
      isolated rat uterus.
AB  - The generation and output of PGE2 and PGE1 by isolated rat uterus incubated with
      or without glucose as well as the influence of different metabolic substrates and
      selective enzyme inhibitors on tissue formation and release of PGE material of
      the 1 and 2 series, were explored. The output of PGE2 was comparable with
      glucose, fructose, lactate or pyruvate as the substrate but diminished
      significantly in citrate-containing solution. In substrate-free media uteri
      released more PGE2 than in the presence of glucose or other substrates. The PGE1
      liberated was similar in glucose, fructose, lactate or pyruvate and decreased
      significantly in citrate or without substrate. 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), fluoride
      or arsenite failed to alter significantly the release of PGE2 whereas 2,4
      dinitrophenol (DNP) evoked augmentation. The uterus released less PGE1 after 2-DG
      or fluoride but not following the addition of DNP or arsenite. The results
      suggest that the synthesis and release of PGE2 and PGE1 in the isolated rat
      uterus appear to be selectively modulated by different tissue metabolic pathways.

PMID- 6576387
TI  - Hyperreactivity of airways smooth muscle produced in vitro by leukotrienes.
AB  - The interactions of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and D4 (LTD4) with histamine and
      acetylcholine in contracting guinea pig isolated tracheal smooth muscle have been
      investigated. In a bathing solution containing 2.5 mM Ca2+, threshold
      concentrations of the leukotrienes did not affect contractile responses of the
      smooth muscle to other agonists. However, at a low extracellular Ca2+
      concentration (0.1 mM), LTD4 (10(-8) M and 10(-7) M) significantly enhanced
      contractions induced by histamine or acetylcholine. LTD4 (10(-7) M) shifted the
      concentration-response curves of these agents leftward by 0.27 and 0.46 log units
      respectively. The potentiating action of LTD4 was inhibited by the leukotriene
      antagonist FPL 55712 (3 X 10(-6) M), and was only partially reversible by
      washing. A subthreshold concentration of potassium chloride (1.5 X 10(-2) M) also
      increased the sensitivity of the tracheal muscle to acetylcholine in low Ca2+
      medium, and this effect was not additive to that of LTD4. These results
      demonstrate that leukotrienes can alter the in vitro reactivity of airways smooth
      muscle to other bronchoconstrictor agents. The mechanism of this action may
      involve altered membrane binding or fluxes of Ca2+, associated with decreased
      resting potential of the plasma membrane of smooth muscle cells.

PMID- 6576388
TI  - Protective effects of thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitors on endotoxin shock.
AB  - To elucidate the role of thromboxane A2 in the development of endotoxin shock
      following administration of endotoxin, the effects of three thromboxane A2
      synthetase inhibitors, (E)-3-(4-(1-imidazolyl)phenyl)-2-propenoic acid
      hydrochloride monohydrate (OKY-046), sodium (E)-3-(4-(3-pyridylmethyl)phenyl)-2
      methylacrylate (OKY-1581) and imidazole were examined. Intravenous administration
      of E. Coli endotoxin (3 mg/kg) produced shock and all rats died within ten hours.
      Pretreatment with thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitors markedly improved the
      survival rates. The untreated endotoxin shock group showed marked increase in
      thromboxane B2 levels in the venous blood, while no such changes were seen in the
      pretreated groups. There were no statistically significant differences in 6-keto
      prostaglandin F1 alpha levels in the venous blood. In the untreated shock group,
      microthrombi were observed in 64% of the glomeruli in the kidneys two hours after
      endotoxin injection. In the groups pretreated with OKY-046, OKY-1581 and
      imidazole, microthrombi were seen only in 22, 19 and 24%, respectively. Thus,
      thromboxane A2 plays an important role in the development of endotoxin shock and
      thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitors, in particular OKY-046 and -1581, are
      prophylactic.

PMID- 6576389
TI  - Mechanism of action of amrinone: role of thromboxane synthetase inhibition.

PMID- 6576390
TI  - Circadian rhythm of PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha urinary excretion in
      healthy women.
AB  - Circadian rhythms of urinary prostaglandins: PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha excretion were estimated by radioimmunoassay in ten healthy women aged 22
      47. The correlation of prostaglandin excretion with cortisol, sodium and
      potassium levels was evaluated. All estimated prostaglandins had a characteristic
      rhythm of urinary excretion with higher levels during the day time than at night.
      Thus the day-night rhythm of each prostaglandin may depend on the same metabolic
      factors which regulate their renal synthesis. This may be important in the proper
      interpretation of prostaglandin behaviour in different pathological conditions.

PMID- 6576391
TI  - Dopamine and noradrenalin in the cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic patients.
AB  - Concentrations of both dopamine (DA) and noradrenalin (NA) were determined in the
      cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of schizophrenic patients with and without neuroleptic
      treatment and in healthy controls. No significant differences were found between
      unmedicated patients and controls for either DA or NA. Patients receiving
      neuroleptics showed significantly higher levels of both DA and NA in the CSF.
      These results suggest that the reported findings of increased NA in the CSF and
      increased DA and NA in the brain of schizophrenic patients could be due, at least
      in part, to the effects of neuroleptic drugs.

PMID- 6576392
TI  - A histological study of the corpus callosum in chronic schizophrenia.
AB  - As a followup to a post-mortem study of the brains of schizophrenic and control
      subjects where the corpus callosum was found to be significantly thicker
      anteriorly in early onset compared to late onset schizophrenia, histological
      sections of 18 schizophrenic, 7 manic-depressive, and 11 medical/surgical control
      subjects were prepared using a stain for glia and a stain for callosal fibers. A
      quantitative study of the concentration of glial cells and interhemispheric
      callosal fibers revealed no difference between groups. A neuropathologist unaware
      of the tissue origin rated the histological sections for gliosis. There was
      significantly more severe gliosis in the callosi of the late onset schizophrenics
      compared to early onset schizophrenics as well as the control group. These
      preliminary findings suggesting callosal pathology are discussed, and the need
      for further studies is stressed.

PMID- 6576393
TI  - Family conflict, psychopathology, and dangerous behavior by schizophrenic
      inpatients.
AB  - Data supporting the hypothesis that history of severe discipline and parental
      conflict in childhood is related to current violence were obtained in a study of
      100 schizophrenic inpatients. In addition to a relation between inpatient
      violence and degree of schizophrenic symptoms, inpatient assaults and other
      dangerousness measures were positively and significantly correlated with severity
      of parental discipline, especially involving the father, and with degree of
      family conflict, particularly fights between parents and others outside the home.

PMID- 6576394
TI  - The pharmacokinetics of mianserin in elderly depressed patients.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of mianserin were examined in eight elderly depressed
      patients following a single oral dose of 60 mg. Plasma concentrations were
      measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and the data analyzed using a
      two-compartment open model. Mean (+/- SD) estimates were: absorption half-life
      0.8 +/- 1.0h, peak concentration 117 +/- 23 micrograms/l, peak time 2.2 +/- 1.3h,
      distribution half-life 3.4 +/- 1.2h, elimination half-life 33 +/- 15h, apparent
      volume of distribution 20.2 +/- 7.9 1/kg, and oral clearance 0.49 +/- 0.21
      l/kg/h. These parameters were not significantly different from those found in
      healthy volunteers. The absorption lag time (0.6 +/- 0.2h) and area under the
      curve (2009 +/- 566 micrograms/l/h) were significantly different in the elderly.
      The clinical implications of these differences for the treatment of elderly
      depressed patients are discussed.

PMID- 6576395
TI  - Memory scanning and retrieval in affective disorders.
AB  - Previous studies have consistently demonstrated unimpaired memory scanning and
      retrieval in schizophrenic patients. Using the choice-reaction time paradigm,
      this study assessed the speed of short-term memory processing for pictorial
      information in both unipolar and bipolar depressives by comparing it with that of
      schizophrenics. It was found that the processing rate is comparable between
      depressives and schizophrenics, between unipolar and bipolar depressives, and
      between depressives on medication and those not on medication. It was concluded,
      therefore, that the short-term memory scanning and retrieval processes are not
      impaired in depressive patients. The results further suggested that the
      depressives' slowness often found in simple reaction time tasks may result from a
      dysfunction in their stimulus encoding and/or response execution rather than in
      the central information-identification process.

PMID- 6576396
TI  - Prolactin studies in normals: implications for clinical research.
AB  - Dopaminergic (DA) transmission is a major regulator of pituitary prolactin (PRL)
      secretion. Strategies to assess abnormalities of DA regulation in mental illness
      have thus included comparisons of patients' and normals' serum PRL levels before
      and after the administration of DA agonists and antagonists. These clinical
      research strategies suffer from a number of shortcomings. There is a wide
      interindividual variability of normal basal PRL levels, and intraindividual
      variability has been little studied. Large interindividual variability of PRL
      responses to DA antagonist challenges has also been observed in normals and
      reported to be strongly correlated to variation in serum levels of the challenge
      drug. Assessment of DA agonist challenges is hampered by the fact that low basal
      levels of serum PRL make suppression difficult to measure; a further problem is
      the confounding effect of nausea when these drugs are given in high doses. In
      this study of normals, individual basal serum PRL levels were found to be stable
      over a mean period of 10 months, with interindividual variance vastly greater
      than intraindividual variance. Thus, state alterations in mental illness may best
      be studied using a longitudinal design for measurements of PRL levels in
      patients, thereby avoiding confounding interindividual variability. Moreover, it
      appears that alterations of PRL levels between groups or within patients, even
      though within the normal range, may have individual physiological significance. A
      study of the PRL responses to haloperidol (hal) and hal + apomorphine (apo)
      challenges in normals revealed a strong correlation despite a highly significant
      51% reduction in PRL response with the addition of apo. Because this correlation
      is dependent upon a normal or limited range of DA regulation, the study of these
      two responses in abnormal populations may be more revealing of DA abnormalities
      than the study of PRL responses to single DA agonist or antagonist challenges.

PMID- 6576397
TI  - Lithium and chlorimipramine differentially alter the stability properties of
      tryptophan hydroxylase as seen in allosteric and scattering kinetics.
AB  - Compared to control, both lithium and chlorimipramine (CMI) slow the frequency of
      variation in tryptophan hydroxylase (TPOH) velocity functions measured across
      increasing (nearly physiological) cofactor concentrations or across continuous
      (long residence) time. The common effect appears to be generated by different
      statistical mechanisms in view of the diverse patterns observed when, for
      multiple 60-point experiments for each condition, mean frequencies were plotted
      against mean amplitudes of variation: lithium constricted the frequencies over a
      range of amplitudes; CMI fixed amplitude across the range of frequencies. Initial
      rate, short residence time experiments suggest that at the micromolecular level,
      before the emergence of time-dependent macro-kinetic organization as seen in the
      long residence time assays, lithium may uncouple the elementary constituents of
      the system, allowing subsequent phase gathering and emergent stability around a
      statistically dominant frequency, whereas CMI may augment coupling, leading to
      unstable complexity in the population dynamics. The relationship between these
      effects and allosteric kinetic functions is discussed.

PMID- 6576398
TI  - Nutritional counseling as an adjunct to psychotherapy in bulimia treatment.

PMID- 6576399
TI  - [Psychological aspects of sealants].

PMID- 6576400
TI  - [Long-term controls of biological root canal treatment (I)].

PMID- 6576401
TI  - [Comparison of a computer-assisted registration of mandibular movement with the
      design of functiographs].

PMID- 6576402
TI  - [Prognosis of surgically exposed retained teeth (III)].

PMID- 6576403
TI  - [Flexible gingival replacement prosthesis. (II)].

PMID- 6576404
TI  - [Roentgenological characteristics of probable two-sided periodontal cysts].

PMID- 6576405
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6576406
TI  - [Data processing in the dental office].

PMID- 6576407
TI  - [Surgical and prosthetic care after traumatic loss of the right maxilla].

PMID- 6576408
TI  - [Long-term controls of biological root canal treatment (II)].

PMID- 6576409
TI  - [Prognosis of surgically exposed retained teeth (IV)].

PMID- 6576410
TI  - [Denticles and generalized pulp calcification].

PMID- 6576411
TI  - [Improvement of radiation hygiene with Kodak Ektaspeed dental radiographic film].

PMID- 6576412
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6576413
TI  - [Rationale for new preparation set-ups (I)].

PMID- 6576414
TI  - [Rationale for new preparation set-ups (II)].

PMID- 6576415
TI  - [Dental office of the future. Thoughts on care, equipment and organization (I)].

PMID- 6576416
TI  - [Pathologic-anatomic and histological aspects of oral viral diseases].

PMID- 6576417
TI  - [Release of mercury from dental amalgam by water compared to mercury uptake in
      normal nutrition].

PMID- 6576418
TI  - [Analysis of serious office emergencies].

PMID- 6576419
TI  - [Post-extraction pain and its treatment with Corti-Dynexan].

PMID- 6576421
TI  - [Case report of upper and lower jaw care with metalloceramic bridges on
      implants].

PMID- 6576420
TI  - [Use of functional diagnosis and therapy in the care of the edentulous jaw with
      subperiosteal implants (I)].

PMID- 6576422
TI  - [Experiences with removable elastic orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6576424
TI  - [Hasselblad system in dentistry. Which choice for all-around use?].

PMID- 6576423
TI  - [Removal of plaque and dark stains from enamel surfaces with the Prophy-Jet].

PMID- 6576425
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6576426
TI  - [First preventive steps for small children a mother's experience].

PMID- 6576427
TI  - [Work ethic of the dental auxiliary].

PMID- 6576428
TI  - [Are you a personality?].

PMID- 6576429
TI  - [Basic knowledge: tooth conservation information. Removal of the lesion site
      (II)].

PMID- 6576431
TI  - [Gingivitis prevention in children and adolescents].

PMID- 6576430
TI  - [Toothpastes and mouthwashes].

PMID- 6576432
TI  - [Prescription].

PMID- 6576433
TI  - [EDP-supported practice management - a new assignment for the assistant (I)].

PMID- 6576434
TI  - [What should the dental auxiliary know about potential radiation injuries?].

PMID- 6576435
TI  - [The nutrition counselling system].

PMID- 6576436
TI  - [Basic knowledge: tooth conservation information. Cavity lining (II)].

PMID- 6576437
TI  - [Intensive professional oral hygiene program].

PMID- 6576438
TI  - [Preventive orthodontics].

PMID- 6576440
TI  - [EDP-supported practice management - a new assignment for the assistant (II)].

PMID- 6576439
TI  - [Dental treatment passport. Organizational and motivational aids in dental
      treatment].

PMID- 6576441
TI  - [Oral hygiene measures - tasks for dental assistants and hygienists (I)].

PMID- 6576442
TI  - [Lung changes due to dental materials].

PMID- 6576443
TI  - [Preparation of a porcelain inlay].

PMID- 6576444
TI  - [Retention plate (I)].

PMID- 6576445
TI  - [Placement of a completely plastic bridge].

PMID- 6576446
TI  - [Retention plate (II)].

PMID- 6576447
TI  - Fetal-maternal secretion of prostaglandins in the cow.
AB  - A study was conducted to measure the blood plasma concentrations of prostaglandin
      F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F (PGFM), 6-keto
      prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto), prostaglandin uterine artery, uterine vein,
      umbilical artery and umbilical vein in 24 cows from days 80 to 260 of pregnancy.
      Blood was collected during surgery and all prostaglandins were measured using
      specific radioimmunoassay procedures. Results indicate that PGF2 alpha blood
      levels are higher in the umbilical vessels and uterine vein than in the ovarian
      vein and uterine artery. PGFM and PGE2 showed a trend towards higher values in
      the umbilical than in the maternal vessels, but the levels of 6-keto and TBX2
      were not different among the vessels studied. No differences across time could be
      observed in any of the prostaglandins measured, partly due to the great
      variability in blood levels among animals during the same stage of pregnancy.

PMID- 6576448
TI  - Antiabortifacient action of dibenzyloxyindanpropionic acid in mice.
AB  - DIPA [5,6-bis(dibenzyloxy)-1-oxo-2-propyl-2-indanpropionic acid] was evaluated
      for its antiabortifacient action in mice. PGF2 alpha administered intramuscularly
      twice daily at 525 micrograms/kg per dose starting on day-17 of gestation
      resulted in premature delivery (prior to day-19 of gestation) in 55% of the
      animals. This constituted an ED50 abortifacient dosage schedule of PGF2 alpha.
      Intramuscular administration of DIPA at a dose of 50 mg/kg twice daily, starting
      on day-15 of gestation, protected the mice against the premature delivery induced
      by the ED50 dosage schedule of PGF2 alpha in that only 20% of the animals
      delivered prematurely. In saline-treated controls, none of the animals delivered
      prior to day-19 of gestation. Thus, DIPA appears to be an effective
      antiabortifacient agent.

PMID- 6576449
TI  - Spread of organisms with novel genotypes: thoughts from an ecological
      perspective.
AB  - One category of objection to the release of organisms produced by genetic
      engineering is based on the fear that such organisms may persist in the
      environment and damage existing ecosystems. An assessment of environmental risk
      thus involves an ecological question analogous to the introduction of exotic
      species which has been known to produce serious ecological disruptions. An
      investigation of the literature on exotic introductions reveals, however, that
      foreign species do not invariably produce adverse changes. Ecologists believe
      that only a fraction of immigrating species actually produces ecological
      dislocation while the majority probably fail to penetrate existing biotic
      assemblages. Stressed or simplified environments are, however, more vulnerable to
      successful invasion. Unfortunately, because very little information has ever been
      collected to document the number or causes of failed introductions, it is
      impossible to quantify the probability that any introduced species will or will
      not cause serious disturbance purely on the basis of historical evidence. The
      development and spread of genotypes that confer resistance to chemical control
      agents in insects and microorganisms is also analogous to genetic engineering in
      that human activity contributes to the spread of new genotypes. In both groups of
      organisms, resistant genotypes can come to predominate in even geographically
      widespread populations with great rapidity. Resistance to pesticides in insects
      is usually found to be determined by single genes. In bacteria, antibiotic
      resistance genes are usually, if not always, associated with the extrachromosomal
      genetic elements known as plasmids. Bacteria seem to be able to transmit plasmid
      borne genes between species and genera with facility. The ease with which new
      genes can be inserted into bacteria via plasmid vectors in recombinant technology
      is thus a two-edged sword. It may be very difficult to keep inserted genes
      isolated in single bacterial strains. The evaluation of the literature on which
      this report is based suggests that an ecological approach for risk assessment is
      appropriate. Microorganisms, for which genetic engineering is of most immediate
      importance, exhibit the same ecological properties as higher organisms. The
      proportion of an organism's genome which is novel has no direct correlation with
      the magnitude of impact such a change may have in economic, medical, or
      ecological terms. Meaningful probabilities for persistence of engineered
      organisms in the environment will have to be generated by experiment, probably
      with model microbial ecosystems.

PMID- 6576450
TI  - Lactation and fertility in goats after the induction of parturition with an
      analogue of prostaglandin F2 alpha, cloprostenol.
AB  - Cloprostenol, 100 micrograms, given intramuscularly to the nanny, with 50
      micrograms 10 hours later, precipitated parturition in goats after 36 +/- 1 hours
      (mean +/- SEM), when administered at 137 +/- 0.5 days gestation. All kids were
      born alive and survived to weaning. Milk yield over 40 weeks post partum was not
      significantly different from that after spontaneous parturition. Three hundred
      micrograms cloprostenol (200 micrograms with 100 micrograms 10 hours later) also
      initiated parturition at 137 +/- 0.5 days gestation but caused a significant (P
      less than 0.01) suppression of lactation. Cloprostenol-induced parturition in
      more than one pregnancy had no adverse effects except for an increased incidence
      of placental retention, which was treated successfully with intrauterine
      pessaries containing oestrogen. During the first eight days after spontaneous
      parturition efficiency of milk secretion was inversely related to udder mass,
      suggesting a gradual maturation of the secretory alveolar epithelium over this
      time. When parturition was induced by cloprostenol there was a four to eight day
      delay before the establishment of this relationship which appeared essential for
      a successful lactation. Cloprostenol proved to be a useful tool for the control
      of parturition in goats, having applications to both general animal husbandry and
      for the study of mammary development and secretory competence.

PMID- 6576451
TI  - [Toward the establishment of motivation].

PMID- 6576452
TI  - [Motivation toward ergonomic hygiene].

PMID- 6576453
TI  - [A case of impacted maxillary canines].

PMID- 6576454
TI  - [Comment on clinical note no. III, 1982: apropos of a case of multiple ageneses].

PMID- 6576455
TI  - Hypopituitarism with normal skull film and pituitary tumor.

PMID- 6576456
TI  - Case record: Rhode Island Hospital.

PMID- 6576457
TI  - Longitudinal study of salivary IgA in children from 1 to 4 years old with
      reference to dental caries.
AB  - The concentration of salivary IgA was measured and clinical examinations
      performed annually in 39 children over a period of 36 months. The age of the
      children ranged from 1 to 4 yr during the observation period. The geometric mean
      value of salivary IgA increased rapidly between the age of 1 and 2, from 0.021
      g/l (log mean - 1.68 +/- 0.33) to 0.052 g/l (log mean - 1.28 +/- 0.24). After
      this age the mean level of salivary IgA remained fairly constant during the
      observation period. When the study population was divided into two groups: the
      caries-free group and the caries-susceptible group, it was found that in the
      caries-free group the mean salivary IgA value increased rapidly during the second
      year of life, then more slowly after the age of 2. In the caries-susceptible
      group the increase in the mean value between the ages of 1 and 2 was marked and
      at the age of 2 the values were significantly higher compared to those of the
      caries-free group. The concentrations did not, however, remain high, but fell to
      lower level and at the age of 4 there was a marked overlap in the values of the
      groups.

PMID- 6576458
TI  - Some aspects of the dynamics of Cu and Zn retained in plaque as related to their
      effect on plaque pH.
AB  - The effect of glucose on acid production in dental plaque was measured in vivo
      after oral rinses with CuSO4 (1.0 mM) or Zn (Ac)2 (20 mM) and compared with the
      retention of the metals. Plaque samples were analyzed for copper and zinc by
      neutron activation analysis. A rinse with the cooper salt solution significantly
      depressed acid formation in plaque for a period of 6 h whereas a rinse with the
      zinc solution was effective for 2 h. Plaque concentrations of the metals
      increased from less than 75 p.p.m. to more than 1000 p.p.m. 2 h after a rinse
      with the metal salts. Twelve hours after a rinse the mean plaque concentrations
      were 190 p.p.m. Cu or 358 p.p.m. Zn respectively. Reducing the pH of the copper
      sulfate solution from 5.7 to 2.0 yielded lower Cu concentrations in plaque 2 h
      after a rinse, indicating lower initial retention. The results clearly
      demonstrate a high and long lasting retention of metal ions in dental plaque and
      their biological effect in this environment.

PMID- 6576459
TI  - Adsorption of iron to saliva coated hydroxyapatite.
AB  - Saliva coated hydroxyapatite was used as a model to study iron adsorption to
      pellicle material. The uptake of iron was markedly influenced by its
      concentration in the medium. Denaturation of the protein film by chlorhexidine,
      tannic acid, or heating up to 70 degrees C increased the adsorption
      significantly.

PMID- 6576460
TI  - Alkali soluble and alkali insoluble fluoride retention in demineralized enamel in
      vivo.
AB  - Demineralization of enamel was induced by applying orthodontic bands in 15
      patients having two of their premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons. After a
      4-wk caries induction period, eight patients were instructed to rinse their teeth
      once daily with a neutral 0.05% NaF solution, whereas seven patients received a
      single treatment with a neutral 2% NaF solution. The bands were reattached to the
      teeth during the fluoride treatment period and the teeth were extracted after two
      more weeks. Three consecutive enamel layers were etched off, and a significant
      uptake of fluoride in all three layers were found in both treatment groups. A
      larger part of the deposited fluoride was retained in an alkali insoluble form
      (i.e. fluorapatite) compared with previous studies of sound enamel. It is
      suggested that the chemical conditions in the cariogenic milieu were favorable
      for transformation of the fluoride into a stable apatite structure.

PMID- 6576461
TI  - Application of statistical decision theory to radiographic diagnosis of
      endodontically treated teeth.
AB  - The presence or absence of periapical radiolucencies, after a predetermined
      healing period, have been used as a criteria for therapeutic success or failure
      in endodontic treatment. However, in radiologic diagnosis it has been shown that
      variations within and between examiners are substantial. In the present study six
      endodontists evaluated the periapical tissues in radiographs of 119
      endodontically treated roots using a five-graded rating scale. An earlier study
      on the same radiograph material served as reference and "true" states of the
      periapical tissues were established. True positive and false positive reports on
      the presence of periapical lesions could then be calculated. For each observer it
      was noticed that a higher true positive percentage always was coupled with a
      higher false positive percentage and vice versa. If pairs of true positive and
      false positive percentages were plotted on a two-dimensional graph they
      corresponded well to a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Variations
      between the observers could be explained by their adoption of different criteria
      of periapical disease resulting in different positions on the ROC curve.
      Influence of observer variation on reported frequencies of periapical lesions was
      greater, the lower the prevalence of the disease. The best opportunities for
      revealing relative differences in disease prevalences was created when the
      examiner defined a strict criterion for disease and reported a positive finding
      only when absolutely certain.

PMID- 6576462
TI  - Thermocamera studies of nitrous oxide dispersion in the dental surgery.
AB  - Nitrous oxide is used in dentistry for sedation and analgesia. Chronic
      occupational exposure of dental personnel to trace concentrations of nitrous
      oxide has been reported as a potential health hazard. A new application of the
      thermocamera technique was used to study the dispersion of nitrous oxide during
      dental analgesia. Four breathing systems with different evacuation systems were
      tested and found to vary in scavenging efficiency. A local exhaust system ensured
      minimal exposure when nitrous oxide leaks contaminating the air in the dentist's
      breathing zone occur.

PMID- 6576463
TI  - Formation of the periodontal attachment in developing rabbit permanent incisors.
AB  - Permanent incisors from fetal New Zealand white rabbits aged 25-30 days in utero
      and from 1-20 days postnatally were processed for light microscopy. Examination
      of longitudinal and cross-sections revealed that cementum deposition and fiber
      attachment first occurred at 27 days in utero. A tooth-to-bone course of
      principal fibers confined to lateral aspects of the teeth was observed in 29-day
      fetal incisors, whereas lingually the periodontal ligament remained undeveloped
      as late as 5 days postnatally. In 20-day postnatal incisors, the development of
      the functional periodontal ligament was complete as evidenced by the fiber
      arrangement on all aspects of the root-analogue tooth surface. This study shows
      that 25-26-day fetal rabbit permanent incisors represent the end of the
      follicular phase, whereas 27-day fetal to 20-day postnatal teeth demonstrate
      distinct histologic characteristics of initial, incomplete and complete
      periodontal fiber attachment.

PMID- 6576464
TI  - Kinetics of 111In-labelled leukaemic cells in blast crisis of chronic myelocytic
      leukaemia.
AB  - The distribution within the body of autologous leukaemic cells labelled with
      111In oxine was studied in 4 patients with blast crisis of chronic myelocytic
      leukaemia (CML) by means of serial samples and gamma camera imaging. Leukaemic
      cells of the blood initially entered the spleen and liver, and the major site of
      localization was the former rather than the latter. A portion of leukaemic cells,
      which rapidly entered the liver, left temporarily 3 h after reinjection.
      Leukaemic cells entered the spleen maximally at 3 or 24 h and then continued to
      leave gradually or rapidly up to 48 h. The majority of leukaemic cells in acute
      myelocytic leukaemia did not leave the spleen for up to 48 h. It is suggested
      that the destruction of sinusoidal structures of the spleen due to marked
      infiltration of leukaemic cells in CML impairs the effects of filtration in
      endothelial cells of sinusoids and facilitates the entry of leukaemic cells into
      sinusoids from splenic cords.

PMID- 6576465
TI  - Latent period of 9 years in the presentation of a myeloproliferative disorder.
AB  - A woman developed a leukaemic infiltrate at the site of a smallpox vaccination;
      the lesion subsequently regressed spontaneously. 9 years later she developed a
      generalised myeloproliferative disorder.

PMID- 6576466
TI  - [Acute osteomyelofibrosis. An overview and 2 personal cases].
AB  - Two cases of acute myelofibrosis are described which exemplify diagnostic and
      therapeutic possibilities in this clinical and morphologic entity. Delimiting
      criteria against other diseases with bone marrow fibrosis are also presented.
      This malignant myeloproliferative disorder is characterized by acute onset,
      minimal or absent splenomegaly, blood cytopenias with a highly variable
      percentage of blast cells in circulating blood, often unimpressive tear-drop
      poikilocytosis, intense marrow fibrosis, and a rapid clinical course. In one
      case, typical proliferation of all three hematopoietic cell lines was lacking and
      proliferating blast cells could be classified as myeloblasts/promyelocytes
      histochemically. In the other case, a single course of intensive combination
      chemotherapy resulted in marked dissolution of the marrow fibrosis and prolonged
      survival in partial remission.

PMID- 6576467
TI  - An evaluation of patient care at South Dakota Human Services Center.

PMID- 6576468
TI  - A practitioner's view of biomedical ethics.

PMID- 6576469
TI  - Twenty-two year old caucasian male with persistent hypertension.

PMID- 6576471
TI  - Columbia awarded biotechnology patent.

PMID- 6576470
TI  - Suppressing autoimmunity in mice.

PMID- 6576472
TI  - [The influence of the tapping force for registration of centric maxillomandibular
      relation on the anteroposterior position of the tapping area].

PMID- 6576474
TI  - [Clinical survey of treatment of permanent teeth in the pedodontic clinic of
      Tokyo Dental College].

PMID- 6576473
TI  - [Experimental studies on the influence of the change in the interocclusal contact
      state caused by the progress of attrition on the load supporting aspects of the
      periodontal tissues].

PMID- 6576475
TI  - [An experimental study on regeneration of the neuro-muscular unit after facial
      nerve surgery].

PMID- 6576476
TI  - [Experimental study on tarnishing of a Au-Ag-Pd-Cu alloy].

PMID- 6576477
TI  - [Bacteriological examination in oral infectious diseases over a 4 year period].

PMID- 6576478
TI  - [Use of topical anesthetic BZC jelly in the periodontal region--experimental and
      clinical studies].

PMID- 6576479
TI  - [Diagnosis of oral diseases. 5].

PMID- 6576480
TI  - [Alveolar bone--its structure, function and reaction].

PMID- 6576481
TI  - [On extraction wound healing].

PMID- 6576482
TI  - [What is early caries treatment? -- a question to Professor Fusayama and his
      response].

PMID- 6576484
TI  - [Bite plane 1. Some considerations on its clinical use].

PMID- 6576483
TI  - [Recent progress in dental materials and devices].

PMID- 6576486
TI  - [Teeth and forensic medicine].

PMID- 6576485
TI  - [Records of teeth extracted from atomic bomb victims].

PMID- 6576487
TI  - [Pulp capping and lining].

PMID- 6576489
TI  - [Erythroleukemia in the evolution of a Fanconi's constitutional anemia].

PMID- 6576488
TI  - [Chronic myelogenous leukaemia. Report of a series of 207 patients].

PMID- 6576490
TI  - Natural thermal resistance of human tumor cells and the role of prostaglandin.
AB  - We found that human malignant melanoma cells had varying thermal sensitivity and
      that some exhibited natural thermal resistance, a heretofore unrecognized
      phenomenon. Samples of 73 melanoma cell suspensions were heated at 42 degrees C
      for 1 hour before plating in the soft agar clonogenic assay or the thymidine
      assay for proliferating cells. We observed greater than 75% cell kill after
      hyperthermia in 39 (53%) tumors. Native thermal resistance was apparent in 17
      (23%) tumors and growth enhancement in 17 (23%) at this temperature and exposure
      time. We postulated that prostaglandin, known to protect stomach mucosa against
      thermal injury, has a role in stabilizing the tumor cell membrane exposed to
      heat. Three melanoma cell lines known to be thermosensitive were heated to 42
      degrees C without and with exogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The survival of
      colony-forming cells was increased in all three lines in the presence of 30
      microM PGE2. A naturally thermoresistant cell line was exposed to 1 microgram/ml
      indomethacin for 24 hours before hyperthermic treatment. The survival of colony
      forming cells was significantly decreased compared to cells not treated with
      indomethacin. The addition of 30 microM of exogenous PGE2 to indomethacin-treated
      cells reestablished thermal resistance. These preliminary data suggest that some
      tumor cells synthesize prostaglandins to render the cell thermoresistant.
      Treatment with indomethacin blocks prostaglandin synthesis and induces
      thermosensitivity. These discoveries may have important clinical applications for
      hyperthermia treatment of human cancers.

PMID- 6576491
TI  - The effect of different levels of polishing of amalgam restorations on the plaque
      retention and gingival inflammation.
AB  - This study was performed to elucidate the effect of different levels of polishing
      of amalgam restorations as part of the treatment of patients with gingivitis
      and/or incipient periodontitis on plaque retention and gingival inflammation. The
      results indicate that contouring of restorations and removal of marginal
      overhangs using diamond tips and conventional finishing burrs is sufficient to
      permit adequate tooth cleaning and that further polishing using rubber discs,
      rubber tips and polishing pastes does not result in further improvement of
      gingival health.

PMID- 6576492
TI  - Clinical and radiological study of patients with anterior disc displacement of
      the temporomandibular joint.
AB  - Patients displaying temporomandibular joint clicking or with a history of
      clicking followed by limitation of opening were subjected to clinical and
      radiological examinations including arthrography. Arthrotomographically the
      patients were found to have anterior displacement of the disc. In patients with
      clicking the disc was repositioned in association with clicking during opening.
      In patients with limitation of opening the disc was constantly displaced anterior
      to the condyle, blocking anterior condylar translation. The patients with
      limitation of opening had more pain, more signs of mandibular dysfunction, more
      hard tissue changes and more frequent perforation and deformation of the disc,
      compared to patients with clicking only. These findings may justify two different
      diagnoses, displacement with and without repositioning of the disc on opening.
      Displacement without repositioning seems to be the more advanced condition and
      may in some cases be a precursor of osteoarthrosis.

PMID- 6576493
TI  - Marginal failure of amalgam. Effect of alloy selection and bite forces.
AB  - Four amalgam alloys were used in a two and a half year study. 163 class II
      restorations were made and the marginal breakdown was studied. The biting forces
      of the patients were estimated and divided in three groups. The result indicated
      that the conventional amalgam showed more breakdowns than the high copper
      amalgams. Among these a dispersed and a ternary amalgam had least marginal
      failures. The amount of defects tended to be correlated to the biting force for
      the conventional and the dispersed amalgam.

PMID- 6576494
TI  - Kinetics of fluorine in deciduous enamel after application of fluoride-containing
      varnish (Duraphat). II. A statistical approach to the design and evaluation of a
      clinical experiment.
AB  - The aim of this report is to discuss the design and technique for evaluation of
      an in vivo experiment on the kinetics of fluorine in deciduous enamel after
      application of fluorine-containing varnish (Duraphat). The analysis of variance
      technique used in the analysis of the results of the experiments is described in
      more detail than in the preceding report. The figure technique used in this
      report series is described. The method error study performed before carrying out
      the main experiment is analysed. A brief discussion follows about the
      consequences that different method errors have on the design of the experiment.
      The conclusion is that analysis of variance is a more reliable tool than multiple
      t-test, when evaluation of experiments is to be carried out.

PMID- 6576496
TI  - Aspiration during dental local anaesthetics.

PMID- 6576495
TI  - [Cessation of therapy in children with acute lymphatic leukemia in Norway].

PMID- 6576497
TI  - Osteo-radiographic observations of the mylohoid canal.

PMID- 6576498
TI  - Anti-microbial agents used in dentistry--part III.

PMID- 6576499
TI  - Lichen planus: recent advances.

PMID- 6576500
TI  - Fluoride uptake and retention by sound enamel after in vivo Duraphat application.

PMID- 6576501
TI  - Ultrastructural observations on osteosarcoma tissue: a study of 10 cases.
AB  - Ultrastructural findings from the cellular, early osteoid regions of 10
      osteosarcoma lesions are described. The characteristic features included
      irregularity in nuclear shape, margination of the chromatin, a large number of
      nucleoli, normal-sized nuclear pores, undifferentiated cells, poorly
      differentiated osteoblasts with scanty rough endoplasmic reticulum in annular or
      lamellar conformation, and malignant osteoblasts characterized by large
      accumulations of dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum (often in the form of huge
      anastomosing lakes) and by intracellular filaments. Several of the lesions
      demonstrated prominent giant cells, most of which were similar ultrastructurally
      to uninuclear tumor cells rather than to mitochondrialaden giant cells or
      osteoclasts. Variable amounts of primarily collagenous intercellular matrix were
      present. Cross-banded collagen fibers with diameters from 30-90 nm were seen as
      were thinner non-cross-banded fibrils 12-18 nm wide.

PMID- 6576502
TI  - [Chemotherapeutic approach to acute myeloid leukemia in adults].

PMID- 6576503
TI  - Effects of some prostaglandins on urinary bladder and urethra isolated from the
      dog.
AB  - Effects of prostaglandins (PGs) E1, E2, E2 and F2 alpha on the vesical and
      urethral smooth muscles of dogs were isometrically investigated in vitro. In
      vesical smooth muscles, 10(-8)-10(-6) PGE1/ml produced biphasic responses in the
      dome preparations; relaxation at 10(-8) g/ml and contractions at 10(-7)-10(-6)
      g/ml. In the trigone preparations, 10(-8)-10(-6) g PGE1/ml caused dose-dependent
      contractions. 10(-8)-10(-6)M g PGE2/ml and 10(-7)-10(-6) g PGF2 alpha /ml induced
      dose-dependent contractions of the dome and the trigone preparations. In urethral
      smooth muscles, 10(-8)-10(-6) g PGE1/ml and 10(-8)-10(-6) g PGE2/ml produced dose
      dependent relaxations, while 10(-8)-10(-6) g PGF2 alpha /ml caused dose-dependent
      contractions. Results indicate that PGE, particularly PGE2, is able to stimulate
      micturition through vesical contraction and urethral relaxation.

PMID- 6576504
TI  - [Drug therapy of detrusor dysfunction].
AB  - In a urodynamic study, the effect of carbachol, distigmine and prostaglandin-F2
      alpha on neuropathic detrusor areflexia and on the non-contracting detrusor as
      well as the effect of scopolamine, emepronium bromide and flavoxate on the
      idiopathic unstable bladder and neuropathic detrusor hyperreflexia were examined.
      Carbachol and distigmine do not have any effect on detrusor contractility but
      reduce the bladder capacity by decreasing the detrusor compliance. The
      instillation therapy by prostaglandin-F2 alpha provokes detrusor contractions in
      some cases of non-contracting detrusor. Emepronium bromide and flavoxate therapy
      of the idiopathic unstable bladder and neuropathic detrusor hyperreflexia showed
      improvement of the subjective symptoms, but not of the urodynamic findings. The
      oral therapy of scopolamine has no effect on overactive detrusor function.
      Treatment of the idiopathic unstable bladder by prolonged detrusor distension
      with the aid of peridural anaesthesia showed satisfactory results in more than
      50%.

PMID- 6576505
TI  - Generalized glycogen storage disease in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix
      japonica).
AB  - Two Japanese quail which were incapable of wing movement and three normal quail
      were examined by histological and ultrastructural methods. The diseased birds had
      glycogen deposits in their skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and
      nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord. According to the distribution of the
      lesions and the characteristics of the deposited glycogen, the diseased birds had
      glycogenosis which was analogous to type II found in man. The usefulness of this
      disease as a model for glycogenosis in man is discussed.

PMID- 6576507
TI  - [Chronic eosinophilic myeloleukemia].

PMID- 6576506
TI  - [Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome].

PMID- 6576508
TI  - [Late results of chemotherapy in Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 6576509
TI  - [17th annual meeting of the Austrian Society for Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis.
      Abstracts of presentations].

PMID- 6576510
TI  - [Metal alloys in dentistry].

PMID- 6576511
TI  - [Use of metal alloys in dentistry - an overview].

PMID- 6576512
TI  - [Dermoid and epidermoid cysts in the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6576513
TI  - [Incidence of pathologic findings in the temporomandibular joint and masticatory
      muscles in young people].

PMID- 6576514
TI  - [Seasonal incidence of various mouth diseases].

PMID- 6576515
TI  - [Root resorption - synopsis of degenerative radicular hard tissue changes (I)].

PMID- 6576516
TI  - [Lip carcinoma in our 5-year practice].

PMID- 6576517
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic description of the surface changes in surfaces
      abraded by toothpaste].

PMID- 6576518
TI  - [Tray system. Possibilities - limits - realities].

PMID- 6576519
TI  - [Indications and technic of sectioning impacted lower wisdom teeth (contribution
      to surgical technics)].

PMID- 6576520
TI  - [Root resorption - synopsis of degenerative radicular hard tissue changes (II)].

PMID- 6576521
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic studies of a worn occlusal surface].

PMID- 6576522
TI  - [Data processing in dental practice - cost increases controlled by computer].

PMID- 6576524
TI  - [Articulators. Concepts - discussion - realities].

PMID- 6576523
TI  - [Incidence of dental fluorosis in an area with high fluoride content in natural
      drinking water in Turkey].

PMID- 6576525
TI  - [Clinical pantographic studies of the reproducibility of the limited movement of
      articulators (Gnathomat, Denar, Panadent, and Masticator)].

PMID- 6576526
TI  - [Orthodontics in general practice. Function. Cooperation. Principles].

PMID- 6576527
TI  - [Follow-up study of the stability of orthodontic treatment results in the
      mandible].

PMID- 6576528
TI  - [The significance of air emphysema in dentistry and oral medicine].

PMID- 6576529
TI  - [Depiction of the mouthpieces of wind instruments using radiography].

PMID- 6576530
TI  - [Thermal condensation of gutta percha - critic of a new root filling method].

PMID- 6576531
TI  - [Alveolar process height, a study of anthropological and clinical material].

PMID- 6576532
TI  - [Model preparation on the Dentatus articulator].

PMID- 6576533
TI  - [Cementation of inlays, crowns and bridges].

PMID- 6576534
TI  - [A dental-philatelic].

PMID- 6576535
TI  - [Early closure of cleft lip, jaw and palate].

PMID- 6576536
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of prepared tooth stumps in relation to form and size].

PMID- 6576537
TI  - [Biological therapy model for trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 6576538
TI  - [Primary prevention: catchword or needed advice].

PMID- 6576539
TI  - [Side effects and early complications following cervical priming with
      prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) in inducing abortion in young women in their
      1st pregnancy].
AB  - By the application of the priming with 2.5 mg Minprostin F2 alpha a statistically
      provable dilatation of the cervix in comparison with another group can be
      achieved. But the priming does not yet effect the occurrence of early
      complications of the interruption in comparison with conventional methods. In is
      to be supposed that this method has got a protecting effect on the occurrence of
      latent late complications of the interruption. Because of the secondary effects
      of prostaglandins the indication for softening of the cervix should be applied to
      a very limited range of patients only.

PMID- 6576540
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the EA-rosette test in the early detection of cervical
      cancer.
AB  - It was previously found that a negative EA-rosette test, showing EA-rosette
      forming cells in a cervical cell suspension, excluded the presence of cells of
      invasive carcinoma (predictive value of 99.9%). This study on 2,462 patients
      confirmed the applicability of the EA-rosette test in screening for precancerous
      as well as cancerous lesions. In 98.6% of the cases of dysplasia, carcinoma in
      situ and invasive carcinoma, the cervical cell suspensions contained EA-rosette
      forming cells (the rosette test was positive). With a negative EA-rosette test,
      the probability of missing a specimen with class III cytology (mild/moderate
      dysplasia) was 1.4%, of missing one with class IV cytology (severe
      dysplasia/carcinoma in situ) was 0.8% and of missing one with class V cytology
      (invasive carcinoma) was 0.25%. The predictive value of a negative EA-rosette
      test was 98.6%. The false-negative rate for negative EA-rosette tests was 3.7%
      for invasive carcinoma, 17.5% for carcinoma in situ and severe dysplasia and
      41.4% for mild to moderate dysplasia.

PMID- 6576541
TI  - Vaginal cytology in endocrinopathies.
AB  - In order to evaluate the diagnostic significance of vaginal smears in
      endocrinopathies associated with menstrual disorders, the cytologic pattern of
      vaginal smears was examined in 703 patients who had a well-established diagnosis
      of the disorder's origin. The patients were classified into four groups according
      to their menstrual disorders: primary amenorrhea (159 patients), secondary
      amenorrhea (116 patients), primary oligomenorrhea (214 patients) and secondary
      oligomenorrhea (214 patients). Using the maturation index and the maturation
      value, three cytologic patterns of vaginal smears were distinguished: parabasal
      cell pattern, intermediate cell pattern and superficial cell pattern. The
      frequency with which the cytologic patterns occurred in the groups of patients
      and their subdivisions are presented. As a whole, the 703 patients showed 25.2%
      with a parabasal cell pattern, 58.3% with an intermediate cell pattern and 16.5%
      with a superficial cell pattern. Although the cytohormonal pattern of vaginal
      smears in endocrinopathies with associated menstrual disorders is not diagnostic
      of a specific endocrinopathy, the cellular patterns may prove helpful in
      suggesting a range of diagnoses or in excluding some possibilities.

PMID- 6576542
TI  - Cervicovaginal cytology in patients 16 years of age and younger.
AB  - A four-year survey of cervicovaginal cytology in 1,664 patients 16 years of age
      and younger showed 13 cases of dysplasia (0.78%). All were mild or moderate in
      degree. No cases of severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ or invasive carcinoma
      were detected. Small numbers of cases of herpesvirus infection and of condyloma
      were also detected. The occurrence rate of trichomoniasis, however, was twice
      that normally seen in an adult population. The cytologic diagnosis of a low but
      significant number of cases of cervical dysplasia indicates a population whose
      continued surveillance by cytologic or other means is warranted. In this young
      population the detection of other sources of morbidity, such as trichomoniasis,
      offers an opportunity for beneficial medical intervention.

PMID- 6576543
TI  - Cytology screening program in an urban and rural community in India. Review of a
      ten-year experience.
AB  - An approach to the detection and management of early cervical cancer and its
      precursors utilizing basic and inexpensive equipment and a team of workers
      comprising physicians, cytotechnicians and social workers in an urban and rural
      community in India is described. In the ten-year period from 1970 to 1979, a
      total of 26,217 patients had Papanicolaou smears taken; 104 patients had
      histologically proven carcinoma in situ or microinvasive cancer of the cervix in
      which the clinical findings at the time of cell study did not indicate
      malignancy. The policy of management based on judicial conservatism and essential
      radicalism gave good survival rates and minimum morbidity.

PMID- 6576544
TI  - Morphometric studies on nuclei in smears of fine needle aspirates from oxyphilic
      tumors of the thyroid.
AB  - Morphometry was applied to smears of fine needle aspirates from 26 oxyphilic
      thyroid neoplasms. Thirteen tumors were considered benign as judged from
      histologic findings and clinical follow-up for 2 to 20 years after the operation.
      Thirteen tumors were considered malignant histologically; four of these had
      proven metastases. In each case the mean and standard deviation of the projected
      nuclear area were calculated from 200 nuclei in the smear. Our results indicate
      that morphometric estimation of mean nuclear size and/or degree of anisokaryosis
      is of no practical value in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid
      neoplasms of the oxyphilic type.

PMID- 6576546
TI  - Chromosome changes in early gynecologic malignancies.
AB  - Chromosome changes characteristic of fully invasive neoplasms were found in
      direct preparations from a noninvasive ovarian carcinoma and three carcinomas in
      situ of the cervix uteri, two of which showed early stromal invasion. Abnormal
      chromosomes present included structurally changed chromosomes 6 and an
      isochromosome for the long arm of chromosome 17 (in the ovarian carcinoma and one
      carcinoma in situ), chromosomes 1 with long arm deletions (in two carcinomas in
      situ) and double minute chromatin bodies (in one of two metaphases obtained from
      the third carcinoma in situ). A chromosome of uncertain origin with a
      homogeneously staining region was also present in the ovarian carcinoma.

PMID- 6576545
TI  - Ultrastructural diagnosis of facial nerve schwannoma using fine needle
      aspiration.
AB  - In a 14-year-old boy presenting with left facial nerve paralysis, physical
      examination revealed a soft, round mass in the floor of the left external
      auditory canal. A fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed to obtain material
      for light and electron microscopy. Several small groups of uniform, spindle
      shaped neoplastic cells were present on the slides; a malignant mesenchymal tumor
      was considered, but a definite diagnosis could not be established under light
      microscopy. The ultrastructural examination revealed spindle-shaped and stellate
      cells with multiple parallel cytoplasmic processes lined with a well-developed
      basal lamina; these features are highly characteristic of a benign schwannoma.

PMID- 6576547
TI  - Kinetics of cell replication in the uterine cervix. VI. Loci of DNA-synthesizing
      cells and arrested mitoses in the basal-cell layer.
AB  - The mode of proliferation in the basal-cell layer of the squamous cervical
      epithelium was investigated in C57B1 mice with the aid of 3H-thymidine and
      vincristine. Six hours after vincristine injection and two hours after thymidine
      injection, 33% of the basal cells were in DNA synthesis and 12% in mitosis. Of
      these, only 23% of the cells in DNA synthesis and 45% of those in mitosis were
      found as single cells. The remaining cells proliferated in clusters of two or
      more cells. As many as 59% of the cells in DNA synthesis and 30% of those in
      mitosis occurred in colonies of three or more consecutive cells, indicating that
      multicell clustering is a rather common pattern of basal cell proliferation.
      Multicell loci of DNA-synthesizing cells occurred contemporaneously with but
      independently of multicell loci of mitotic cells (the loci were nonconsecutive).
      Basal-cell replication in the squamous cervical epithelium thus appears to be an
      organized process of cell renewal.

PMID- 6576548
TI  - Localized pulmonary cryptococcosis: diagnosis by fine needle aspiration.

PMID- 6576550
TI  - Advance abstracts of papers. XIV Acta Endocrinologica Congress, Stockholm,
      Sweden, June 27-30, 1983.

PMID- 6576549
TI  - Influence of a prostaglandin inhibitor and a mineralocorticoid on the
      antidiuretic and hormonal response to an osmolar load.
AB  - To examine the influence of prostaglandins (PGs) and sodium-volume status on the
      urinary excretion and action of arginine-vasopressin (AVP), we studied the
      response to a hypertonic saline infusion (2.5% NaCl, 0.06 ml/kg/min for 3 h) in 8
      healthy males under three different conditions: 1) on an ad libitum salt diet
      (C), 2) after 4-day treatment with indomethacin (IDM) 150 mg/d, 3) after 4-day
      treatment with fluorohydrocortisone (9 alpha FF) 0.6 mg/d. The rise of urine
      osmolality and the decrease of free water clearance were identical in all three
      studies. Basal urinary PGE2, PGF2 alpha and AVP were decreased during IDM and
      unchanged during 9 alpha FF, compared to C. The increment of urinary AVP was
      similar during C and IDM but significantly greater with 9 alpha FF (P less than
      0.02) although urinary PGs were higher at the end of the infusion. In conclusion,
      despite markedly different hormonal patterns and sodium status in the three
      protocols, the antidiuretic response to an osmolar load is preserved suggesting
      an adaptive mechanism maintaining a constant balance between AVP and PGs.

PMID- 6576551
TI  - [Clinical application of alkaline phosphatase bone-isoenzyme determination with
      acetate foil].
AB  - Clinical application of alkaline phosphatase bone isoenzyme determination using
      acetate foil is investigated in patients with known underlying disease and is
      compared with diagnostic evaluation of 112 bone-scans. The separation of alkaline
      phosphatase isoenzymes proves a valuable diagnostic support of bone scintigraphy.
      Isoenzyme determination moreover reveals primary and secondary bone changes in
      early stages of the disease and also offers the possibility of quantitative
      follow-ups.

PMID- 6576552
TI  - [How to keep the dental insurance cost down--what we learn from the system in
      West Germany].

PMID- 6576554
TI  - [Apexification of immature roots].

PMID- 6576553
TI  - [Tooth movement following bifurcation].

PMID- 6576555
TI  - [Establishment of a dental clinic by local autonomy].

PMID- 6576556
TI  - [A misprint in the table of decalcification potential in Bibby's original
      article?].

PMID- 6576557
TI  - [Dental services in Okinawa].

PMID- 6576559
TI  - [Medical cost: its trends and problems].

PMID- 6576558
TI  - [Qualities we seek in dental hygienists in Japan (3)].

PMID- 6576560
TI  - [Socialized medicine--merits and demerits].

PMID- 6576561
TI  - [What we expect from dentistry].

PMID- 6576562
TI  - [Dental hot-line "110" and what we expect from dentistry].

PMID- 6576563
TI  - [Application of prostaglandins to orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6576564
TI  - [TMJ radiography in prosthodontics. 1. Simple plane radiographic method].

PMID- 6576565
TI  - [Clinical significance of the check bite technic].

PMID- 6576566
TI  - [Standardization of dental instruments and materials].

PMID- 6576568
TI  - [Influence of drinking on the next generation (2)].

PMID- 6576567
TI  - [Influence of drinking on the next generation (1)].

PMID- 6576569
TI  - [Etiological factors of female alcoholism].

PMID- 6576570
TI  - [Social change and cultural factors in women drinking].

PMID- 6576571
TI  - [Drinking and women working in society].

PMID- 6576572
TI  - [Endodontic instruments: 4].

PMID- 6576573
TI  - [Dental services on Izena Island, Okinawa].

PMID- 6576574
TI  - [Qualities we seek in dental hygienists in Japan (4)].

PMID- 6576575
TI  - [Meeting point of endodontics and periodontics in the management of
      periodontitis].

PMID- 6576576
TI  - [Orthodontic concepts and practice (I)].

PMID- 6576577
TI  - [Surgical correction of jaw and maxillofacial deformities (III)].

PMID- 6576578
TI  - [TMJ radiography in prosthodontics. 2. Special radiographic technic. 1].

PMID- 6576579
TI  - [Orthodontic concepts and their practice (2)].

PMID- 6576580
TI  - [Removal of various implants: an evaluation. 1].

PMID- 6576581
TI  - [Taking pictures of your own hands at work].

PMID- 6576582
TI  - [Use of azulene SN in oral surgery].

PMID- 6576583
TI  - [Clinical caution for composite resin restorations].

PMID- 6576584
TI  - [Cytotoxicity of tissue conditioners].

PMID- 6576586
TI  - [Intraoral xeroradiography. The Xerox 110 System for endodontic therapy].

PMID- 6576585
TI  - [Orthodontic concepts and their practice (3)].

PMID- 6576587
TI  - [Removal of various implants: an evaluation. 2].

PMID- 6576588
TI  - [New dental casting gold-palladium-indium-silver alloy "Kinvalley 20E"].

PMID- 6576589
TI  - [Endodontic instruments: 7].

PMID- 6576590
TI  - [Qualities we seek in dental hygienists in Japan (5)].

PMID- 6576591
TI  - [Tooth root fractures--case presentation].

PMID- 6576592
TI  - [Aging of jaw bones. I. Aging of periodontal tissue, alveolar process and
      gingival involution].

PMID- 6576593
TI  - Natural killer cell activity during premedication, anaesthesia and surgery.
AB  - Natural killer (NK) cell activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was
      measured against K-562 target cells in a 51Cr release assay in eight patients
      undergoing total hip replacement surgery. Eight consecutive blood samples were
      taken from each patient. A significant increase of NK cell activity was observed
      after premedication with diazepam per os. The activity increased further during a
      combined anaesthesia (thiopentone + N2O + O2 + buprenorphene + pancuronium) and
      remained increased during surgery. Postoperatively, NK cell activity fell and
      remained depressed for a period of at least 5 days. The findings of this study
      indicate that premedication, anaesthesia and surgery cause a rapid and transient
      increase in NK cell activity, followed by a decline in activity postoperatively.
      The transient increase in activity may be explained by mobilization of natural
      killer cells from extravasal space, spleen or lymph nodes into the circulation.
      The clinical significance of the alterations in NK cell activity is unknown and
      needs further investigation.

PMID- 6576594
TI  - Central haemodynamics and oxygenation during thoracic anaesthesia.

PMID- 6576595
TI  - Pathophysiology behind anticonvulsant osteomalacia.
AB  - Anticonvulsant drug-induced disorders in mineral and bone metabolism are
      discussed. 'Anticonvulsant osteomalacia' includes hypocalcaemia, elevated serum
      alkaline phosphatase, decreased serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25 OHD3),
      radiological and histological signs of osteomalacia and a lower bone mineral
      content (BMC) than normal. The pathophysiological mechanism behind anticonvulsant
      osteomalacia is thought be an induction of the microsomal enzyme system in the
      liver, leading to a disturbance in the metabolism of vitamin D and a resulting
      vitamin D deficiency. It has been shown that treatment with vitamin D2 increase
      BMC whereas serum calcium was unchanged. Treatment with vitamin D3 or 25 OHD3
      increases serum calcium whereas BMC was unchanged. These findings suggest that
      vitamin D2 and D3 are metabolized differently in anticonvulsant treated patients.
      With the present knowledge, preventive treatment of this relative mild
      pathological condition is not generally indicated.

PMID- 6576596
TI  - Intravenous radionuclide angioscintigraphy and computer tomography in cerebral
      arteriovenous malformations.
AB  - In 25 patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) computer tomography
      (CT) was compared with dynamic and static intravenous radionuclide
      angioscintigraphy (99mTc-labelled red blood cells). The diagnosis was verified by
      arteriography performed 2-20 years prior to this study. Scintigrams and CT-scans
      were evaluated 'blindly' by independent observers after pooling of the patient
      studies with 20 and 20 control studies, respectively. Only images strictly
      characteristic of AVM were classified as positive. The nosographic sensitivity of
      both methods was about 70%, in a few patients they were supplementary. Neither CT
      nor scintigraphy were able to detect lesions of less than 2 cm diameter. The
      methods seem to be of equal and rather high specificity, and are both well suited
      as screening procedures. CT provides additional information as to other
      intracranial abnormalities. The screening method of first choice when AVM is
      suspected may be CT or angioscintigraphy, depending on availability of equipment
      and expertise.

PMID- 6576597
TI  - Periodontal healing of replanted monkey teeth prevented from drying.
AB  - Root resorption of replanted teeth is dependent on the duration of the extra
      alveolar period and on the storage environment. In the present investigation the
      significance of preserving the humidity of the periodontal ligament (PDL) during
      the extra-alveolar period was tested on isolated PDL cells and on replanted
      monkey teeth. The isolated PDL cells were tested with respect to cell viability
      (trypan blue exclusion test) and to cell recovery (number of cells after
      additional cultivation). About 70% of the cells were viable and 44% recovered
      after 1 h in a humid atmosphere. Practically no cells were viable or recovered
      after 1 h of drying. Replanted teeth that had been wrapped in plastic foil for 1
      h before replantation showed no more resorption than immediately replanted teeth.
      This is in contrast to teeth dried in air for 1 h before replantation. They
      showed extensive root resorption on almost all root surfaces. Thus, prevention of
      evaporation of tissue fluid from the PDL must be considered a primary goal if the
      tooth cannot be replanted immediately.

PMID- 6576598
TI  - Utilization of dental services by Finnish adults in 1971 and 1980.
AB  - Changes in the utilization of dental services by the adult Finnish population
      were studied by reanalyzing the data from a nationwide study carried out in 1971
      and by comparing those results with the data from an interview study of 581
      persons carried out in 1980. In 1971, 56% of the interviewees had visited a
      dentist within the last 12 months. The corresponding percentage was 54% in 1980.
      The most common reason for the latest dental visit was routine examination in
      1980, and only 4% of the interviewees had been recalled by the dentist. However,
      the recall system, when explained, was regarded as acceptable and practical by
      the vast majority of the interviewees. In 1971 utilization study found that the
      interviewees had a positive attitude toward dental health education. Likewise,
      the majority of interviewees in 1980 expressed a wish to keep their own teeth for
      their lifetime.

PMID- 6576599
TI  - Metal release from cobalt-chromium partial dentures in the mouth.
AB  - The amounts of cobalt and chromium released to the saliva in individuals wearing
      cobalt-chromium partial dentures have been measured. Saliva was collected during
      a 5-min period, both with and without dentures in the mouth, and the two samples
      compared. More than 80% of the 30 cases showed increased amounts of metals with
      the denture in the mouth. Newer and larger dentures liberated more than did older
      and smaller ones. The median increase in chromium was approximately twice that of
      cobalt.

PMID- 6576600
TI  - Hyperplastic lesions of the gingiva and alveolar mucosa. A study of 175 cases.
AB  - 175 'epulides' were studied clinically and histologically. The lesions were
      histologically reclassified into three groups: granulomatous, fibromatous and
      giant cell lesions. The granulomatous group was four times and the giant cell
      group 1.5 times more frequent in females. It is suggested that the expression
      epulis should be abandoned as a microscopic designation for lesions in the oral
      mucosa, as it is only a non-specific topographico-clinical concept comprising
      histogenetically and histomorphologically differing lesions and therefore does
      not represent a uniform group. The suggested new terms for the three types of
      hyperplastic lesions are oral mucosal granulomatous hyperplasias (including such
      diagnostic terms as granulomatous gingivitis, gingivitis of pregnancy, granuloma
      gravidarium, pyogenic granuloma, epulis angiomatosa and epulis telangiectaticum),
      oral mucosal fibrous hyperplasias (including such diagnostic terms as fibrous
      epulis, epulis fissuratum, fibroepithelial lesions, denture injury tumor and
      peripheral odontogenic fibroma) and oral mucosal giant cell hyperplasia
      (including such diagnostic terms as peripheral giant cell granuloma and giant
      cell epulis).

PMID- 6576601
TI  - Chemical plaque control and prevention of extrinsic tooth discoloration in vivo.
AB  - Extrinsic discoloration of teeth has frequently been observed in connection with
      the use of chemical plaque-preventive agents. Preliminary investigations have
      indicated that oxidizing peroxymonosulfate may effectively reduce this
      discoloration without interfering with the plaque-preventive capacity of
      chlorhexidine. In the present experiment a 0.2% chlorhexidine and a 1%
      peroxymonosulfate solution were used for oral rinsing in a group of 50 military
      recruits. A double-blind experimental design was followed. The plaque-preventive
      capacity of chlorhexidine was maintained, and a marked reduction in extrinsic
      tooth discoloration could be observed.

PMID- 6576602
TI  - Membrane junctions in the subodontoblastic region. A freeze-fracture study of the
      human dental pulp.
AB  - The morphology of the subodontoblastic region in the human dental pulp was
      analysed using the freeze-fracturing technique. Multiple areas of focal
      intercellular junctions were found between subodontoblastic fibroblasts (or
      Hohl's cells). The connections were of the gap junction type. Similar junctions
      were observed between subodontoblastic cells and small-calibre (0.10-0.20
      microns) fibres, presumably nerves. Tight junctions were not observed.

PMID- 6576603
TI  - Corrosion of dental alloys studied by implantation and nuclear tracer technique.
AB  - A method for the study of in vivo corrosion of various dental materials such as
      amalgams, gold, and chromium-cobalt alloys combining implantation and nuclear
      tracer techniques is described. Radioactive and nonradioactive implants were
      inserted subcutaneously in the backs of two groups of rats. After 5 days all
      animals were killed. The adjacent tissue was submitted to histopathological
      examination. The animals exposed to radioactive amalgams and chromium-cobalt
      disks with activity levels of 2-4 mCi showed local tissue reactions identical to
      those seen in sham-operated animals--that is, inflammation and formation of
      granulation tissue. In contrast, the rats exposed to radioactive gold foils with
      activity levels of about 20 mCi suffered heavier damage at the implantation site,
      with loss of hair and some necrosis, in addition to the inflammation and
      granulation tissue formation. There was no kidney damage. The release of mercury,
      gold, or cobalt into the adjacent tissue and the kidney was measured by means of
      gamma-ray spectrometry.

PMID- 6576604
TI  - A binary dental gold-cobalt alloy of eutectic composition.
AB  - A new dental gold alloy was investigated for the casting of prosthetic
      restorations. The binary alloy is composed of 10 weight-percent Co and 90 wt% Au.
      Studies of the structure of the alloy revealed a rod-eutectic structure with Co
      rods in Au matrix. By special heat treatment (solution treatment and
      precipitation treatment) the hardness was increased up to 280 Hv. The hardening
      effect caused by Co atom groups in the Au matrix was studied by transmission
      microscopy. Casting experiments were performed using conventional dental casting
      procedures. Metallographic studies revealed no Co rods in the surface layer of
      the castings after the heat treatment.

PMID- 6576605
TI  - The distribution in mice of radioactive cobalt administered by two different
      methods.
AB  - The short time distribution of 58Co in mice that received a 58CoCl2 solution
      intravenously or intraperitoneally was examined by means of scintillation
      measurements. The serum, kidney, pancreas, spleen, liver, and heart were
      analyzed. Statistically significant differences in the distribution pattern after
      intraperitoneal and intravenous administration were noted for serum, kidney,
      liver, and heart 1 h after injection and for kidney, liver, and heart 5 h after
      injection. Only the heart showed a significant difference between the two
      administration methods 24 h after injection. Intravenous injections gave less
      variation between animals of the 58Co distribution pattern than intraperitoneal
      injections.

PMID- 6576606
TI  - Release and uptake of cobalt from cobalt-chromium alloy implants.
AB  - Cobalt-chromium alloy implants were placed subcutaneously in the neck region of
      mice, and the animals were killed after 8 weeks. The cobalt concentration was
      high in the connective tissue of the capsule formed around 5 out of 10 cobalt
      chromium implants. In nine other tissues analyzed no statistically significant
      increases in the cobalt concentration were detected. The surgical procedure and
      the carrying of an implant did not influence the weight increase of the animals
      during the period of the experiment.

PMID- 6576607
TI  - Opacity of glass-ionomer cements.
AB  - The translucency of the first generation of glass-ionomer cements to appear on
      the market was too low to be cosmetically satisfactory. In the present study the
      opacity of newer editions of glass-ionomer cements was evaluated and compared
      with that of a well-known composite resin. Disc-shaped specimens were placed on
      black and on white backings, the luminous reflectances measured and corrected to
      a specimen thickness of exactly 1 mm, whereafter the contrast ratio was
      calculated. The newer glass-ionomer cements were found to be more translucent
      than the first generation of glass-ionomer cements on the market. However, the
      opacity still needs to be reduced to reach the level of a composite resin. It was
      further established that early water contact results in a considerable increase
      in opacity.

PMID- 6576608
TI  - Influence of central dopaminergic and oral sensory stimulation on the tone of the
      rat masseter muscle.
AB  - Dopamine neurons in the nigrostriatal subgroup of the basal ganglia are involved
      in the higher control of muscle tone and repetitive movements, possibly also in
      the masticatory muscles. For this reason, the effect of mechanical oral
      stimulation in combination with apomorphine-induced stimulation of dopamine
      receptors in the brain was experimentally studied in the rat. The masseter muscle
      tone during and after anesthesia was registered. A tachograph preamplifier and a
      bipolar electrode were used for the recording of summated potentials from the
      muscle. Dopaminergic stimulation increased the muscle tone. Oral sensory
      stimulation alone showed a tendency to increase the masseter tone, although the
      increase was not statistically significant. The increase of the tone with
      dopaminergic stimulation is presumably due to the fact that the dopaminergic
      system in the basal ganglia also controls the motor function of the masticatory
      muscles. Several pathological conditions of the mouth region, where a
      dopaminergic mechanism in the facilitation and inhibition of centrally
      coordinated jaw reflexes is obvious or possible, are discussed. Individual
      variation in neuronal dopamine synthesis, uptake, or receptor sensitivity may be
      one of the factors determining predisposition to masticatory disturbances both in
      experimental and clinical conditions.

PMID- 6576609
TI  - Relationships between oral parafunctions and functional disturbances and diseases
      of the stomatognathic system among children aged 7-14 years.
AB  - Data from an interview and clinical examination in a study of 440 randomly
      selected school children were analyzed with regard to relationships between signs
      and symptoms of functional disturbances and diseases in the stomatognathic
      system. A correlation was found between reported clicking sounds from the
      temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and pain when opening the mouth wide. Children who
      had been treated orthodontically or who were undergoing such treatment did not
      differ from other children in the frequency of signs and symptoms. Correlations
      were found between recurrent headaches and tenderness in TMJ and TMJ muscles.
      Reported pain in the temple region was also correlated to tenderness in the TMJ
      and TMJ muscles. Further correlations were found between recurrent headaches and
      oral parafunctions such as lip-cheek-biting and nail-biting and also among nail
      biting, tooth clenching, tooth-grinding, and frontal dental wear. Children who
      reported oral parafunctions had more frequent interferences in RP and tenderness
      in TMJ muscles. There were correlations between irregular movements of the lower
      jaw and interferences in RP as well as mediotrusion interferences. Finally, a
      strong correlation was found between tenderness of the TMJ (laterally and
      posteriorly) and tenderness of the TMJ muscles.

PMID- 6576610
TI  - Effect of xylitol and sucrose plaque on release of lysosomal enzymes from bones
      and macrophages in vitro.
AB  - Plaque formed during a 5-day xylitol or sucrose chewing gum diet was used as an
      irritating agent in bone and macrophage culture. The release of hydrolytic
      enzymes was monitored. The contents of protein, DNA, and ATP were analyzed, to
      characterize plaque formed during different dietary periods. The release of
      glycosidases and phosphatases was lower in the presence of xylitol plaque when
      compared with sucrose plaque as an immediate reaction in macrophage cultures at 3
      h and also in bone cultures at 3 days. The results indicate that xylitol plaque
      had a less irritating effect on macrophages and bones in vitro than sucrose
      plaque according to the parameters used in this study.

PMID- 6576611
TI  - Crown size of permanent teeth in Icelanders.
AB  - Mesiodistal and buccolingual crown diameters were measured from casts of 1010
      dentitions of schoolchildren from Northeast Iceland. Their teeth proved to be
      larger than in Europeans generally, being exceeded only by Australian Aborigines,
      some American Indian populations, and American Negroes. In comparison with Ohio
      Caucasians of Northwest European origin Icelanders showed clearly larger
      dimensions, less sexual dimorphism, and a different pattern of dimorphism. Crown
      indices were also distinctly different in Icelanders and Ohio Caucasians.

PMID- 6576612
TI  - Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies in Swedish children. I. Prevalence and
      distribution by disability groups.
AB  - The prevalence of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN) and their
      distribution according to the severity of the disability were studied in a
      population-based series of Swedish children 2-15 years old. The prevalence per
      100 000 of total peroneal muscle atrophies was 21.6 and of all clinical HMSN 19.0
      Among HMSN, de- and remyelinating types (HMSN I) constituted 8 per 100000 and
      neuronal-axonal types (HMSN II) 11. Eighteen of the 21 HMSN I cases and 26 of the
      29 HMSN II were considered to represent an autosomal dominant mode of
      inheritance. Ten per cent of all children were severely, 70% moderately and 20%
      mildly disabled. All the severely affected children belonged to the HMSN I group
      and 9 of the 10 mildly affected to HMSN II.

PMID- 6576613
TI  - Psychological reactions in 102 families with a newborn who has a falsely positive
      screening test for congenital hypothyroidism.
AB  - The potential psychological risks of falsely positive test results in neonatal
      screenings have not been studied previously. 20 000 newborns were screened for
      congenital hypothyroidism. Of the 144 positive tests, 137 were false. The
      families of 102 babies with false positives were explored in reference to their
      (1) initial parental psychic reactions (emotional reactions and abilities for
      coping) and (2) residual reactions 6 to 12 months later. 78 families initially
      exhibited strong emotional reactions. Providing information about a positive
      screening test is therefore an acute strain to the majority. After a period of 6
      to 12 months there was in 18 families persistent insecurity regarding the baby's
      health. These concerns were linked to the family to the screening and the disease
      screened for. This may impair the parent-child relation and thus, the child's
      development. Thus a false positive test appear to trigger in the majority a
      development of a psychic crisis. 12 families seemed however to have been totally
      untouched by the potential threat of the information. The crisis is effectively
      solved by most (consideration must be paid to the integrated psychological
      support given to all). It is not known whether the 18 risk families actually have
      been iatrogenically hurt or if their worries brought to attention in connection
      with the screening merely represent habitual psychic maladjustment. Preparation
      for parenthood and education about screening principles are beneficial and
      important. This study demonstrates the importance not only of asking how much
      worry is elicited but also how this worry is being handled (coping ability) in
      order to provide a fair estimate as to which families are at risk.

PMID- 6576615
TI  - Psychotherapy in irritable bowel syndrome. A controlled outcome study.

PMID- 6576614
TI  - Pulmonary effects of leukotrienes.

PMID- 6576617
TI  - Control of type I diabetes--aims and means. Proceedings of a symposium in
      Goteborg, Sweden November 13-14, 1981.

PMID- 6576616
TI  - Psychotherapy in peptic ulcer disease. A controlled outcome study.

PMID- 6576618
TI  - Insulin pumps. A technical review.
AB  - The technique employed in open-loop insulin infusion pumps is reviewed. Most
      commonly used syringe as well as peristaltic pumps are exemplified. Their weights
      and prices are compared. Possibilities of development are discussed.

PMID- 6576619
TI  - Practical experiences with insulin infusion pumps.
AB  - The future role of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion as a routine
      treatment for insulin-dependent diabetics rests on clinical considerations such
      as patient reactions to the system, the possibilities and consequences of pump
      malfuntion and the effect of pump-induced strict metabolic control on diabetic
      complications. These issues are discussed in the light of recent evidence.

PMID- 6576620
TI  - Diabetes--the cost of illness and the cost of control. An estimate for Sweden
      1978.
AB  - This study estimates the economic cost of diabetes mellitus in Sweden 1978. It
      also addresses the question of potential savings from improved metabolic control.
      Economic costs of illness include direct costs for medical care and indirect
      costs from lost production due to morbidity and premature death. The total costs
      of diabetes are estimated at 1300 million SEK in Sweden 1978. The direct costs
      for medical care accounted for 43% of these costs. Lost production due to
      permanent disability is the dominating indirect costs, and accounts for 60% of
      indirect costs and one third of the total costs. Institutional care accounts for
      two thirds of the direct costs. The costs for drugs and medical devices amount to
      128 million SEK or 1000 SEK per insulin- or oraldependent diabetic. Costs for
      control of diabetes are estimated to 20% of the total cost and 50% of direct
      costs. The conclusion is that there are great potential benefits to be expected
      from improved self control of diabetes.

PMID- 6576621
TI  - Home blood glucose monitoring--the key to good control.
AB  - Home blood glucose monitoring is one of the corner-stones in the management of
      type I diabetes. This paper summarizes the aims and effects of this method and
      will discuss the pros and cons with simple patient-adapted meters and visual
      judgement of the blood glucose strip. It is underlined that a thorough handling
      of the strip is essential for the result whatever method used. The problem
      solving capacity of home blood glucose monitoring in unstable diabetes is
      illustrated.

PMID- 6576623
TI  - Methodological aspects on C-peptide measurements.
AB  - It is rather difficult to draw conclusions from reported C-peptide values, as the
      methods for determination differ, and C-peptide may be measured in serum or in
      urine with the patient fasting or after stimulation. We have followed
      prospectively 49 children with IDDM with regular determinations of serum C
      peptide fasting and after a standardized breakfast. A subgroup of seven patients
      have been studied more thoroughly with 24-hour-profile of serum C-peptide, C
      peptide excretion in urine, and stimulation by i.v. glucose + i.v. arginine. Our
      results indicate that the stimulation of the beta cells usually reaches a maximum
      around a blood glucose level of 10-12 mmol/l leading to a curve linear
      relationship between serum C-peptide and blood glucose. Thus a simple quotient is
      not so useful but the degree of stimulation should be stated and actual blood
      glucose value noticed. Stimulation with a standardized breakfast gives roughly
      the same information as maximal stimulation with i.v. glucose + arginine, and
      little extra information is found by a 24-hour-profile. Urinary C-peptide may
      give valuable information if it is related to the actual degree of metabolic
      balance. It can be of special interest in patients with very low serum C-peptide
      levels.

PMID- 6576622
TI  - Evaluation of a new semiquantitative test strip for urine glucose determination.
AB  - Diabur-Test 5000 is a new semiquantitative test strip for the determination of
      urine glucose concentrations up to 5%. The results are comparable to those
      obtained with the Clinitest method, although Diabur-Test 5000 has the advantage
      of being sensitive also for low glucose concentrations. Diabur-Test 5000 is
      easier to use than the Clinitest method. It is well accepted by patients for self
      control, and might also be used for routine clinical work.

PMID- 6576625
TI  - Tomographic detection and assessment of an osteochondroma of the left mandibular
      condyle. Case history.

PMID- 6576624
TI  - [Xeroderma pigmentosum: review of clinical aspects, histology, etiopathogenesis
      and therapy (apropos of a clinical case)].

PMID- 6576626
TI  - [Hemangiopericytoma in the head and neck region. 2 case reports and review of the
      literature].

PMID- 6576627
TI  - Multicentric osteogenic sarcoma in the young.

PMID- 6576628
TI  - Central nervous system involvement as a presenting feature of acute monocytic
      leukemia: preceding leukemia by 12 months.
AB  - This report describes a patient who presented with a diffuse malignant central
      nervous system (CNS) process composed of cells with monocytic differentiation one
      year before the development of acute monocytic leukemia. A similar presentation
      has been documented for acute lymphocytic leukemia, but to the best of our
      knowledge, this is the first report to detail a diffuse CNS malignancy as the
      presenting symptom for acute monocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6576629
TI  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: end-result analysis of treatment and prognostic
      factors in Indian patients.
AB  - Acute Lymphatic Leukemia (ALL) patients seen during the period 1974-1978 at the
      Tata Memorial Hospital. Bombay, are analyzed retrospectively to evaluate the
      clinical features at presentation, results of sequential therapy, and prognostic
      factors. A total of 301 patients were registered during the study period. There
      were 153 evaluable patients. Of these 73 patients received induction therapy with
      vincristine and prednisolone (VP) followed by cranial prophylaxis (cranial
      radiotherapy, 2,400 rads, and 10 weekly intrathecal injections of methotrexate
      7.5 mg/m20 and continuous oral maintenance with daily 6-mercaptopurine and weekly
      methotrexate (group A). Another 39 patients (group B) received pulse therapy with
      vincristine and prednisolone during maintenance therapy. Finally 41 patients
      (group C) received L-asparaginase during induction and pulse therapy in addition
      to drugs as in group A. Of the 153 patients, 88 (58%) achieved complete response
      after induction treatment. Induction remission was 53% with vincristine and
      prednisolone (group A and group B), whereas it was 70% in group C. The difference
      in complete response rate in group C was statistically significant (P less than
      0.05). The 3-year survival in our series was 22%, with median survival of 11
      months. Group C patients receiving L-asparaginase along with vincristine and
      prednisolone showed 41% 3-year survival compared to 16% for group B. The 3-year
      survival in group A patients was only 7%, probably owing to lack of pulse therapy
      during maintenance treatment. The prognostic factors such as age, sex, WBC count,
      and mediastinal node were compared for induction remission and total survival.
      Possible factors relating to poor results in our series as compared to developed
      countries are discussed.

PMID- 6576630
TI  - Studies on abnormal polymorphonuclear neutrophils in acute myelogenous leukemia:
      clinical significance and changes after chemotherapy.
AB  - In patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), 34 out of 35 patients (97%)
      had cytochemically abnormal polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). Some interesting
      regularity was noted in the appearance of cytochemical abnormalities of the PMNs.
      When peroxidase (PO) activity was low, both alkaline phosphatase (AP) and
      chloroacetate esterase (CAE) activities were also low (group A). When PO activity
      was normal, if AP activity was low, CAE activity tended to be high (group B) and
      if AP activity was high, CAE activity tended to be low (group C). Complete
      remission rate of group B (65%) seemed to be better than that of group C (20%)
      and group A (25%) although the differences was not statistically significant. In
      these patients, the number of peripheral leukemic blasts and PMNs showed a
      significant positive correlation (r = 0.69, p less than 0.005). Furthermore,
      patients with higher circulating PMN counts (more than 2 X 10(9)/L) had a
      significantly worse prognosis than patients with lower counts (p less than 0.05).
      These rather unexpected findings strongly suggest that cytochemically abnormal
      PMNs are progeny of AML blasts. The change in the proportion of abnormal PMNs
      associated with chemotherapy were studied in 21 patients during the remission
      induction period. Abnormal PMNs disappeared from the circulation in patients who
      achieved complete remission. In contrast, abnormal PMNs persisted throughout the
      remission induction period in patients who failed to achieve complete remission.

PMID- 6576631
TI  - Sustained post-transfusion granulocyte count increments following transfusion of
      leukocytes obtained from donors with chronic myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Leukocyte transfusions from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and
      elevated WBC counts were given to 14 patients with acute leukemia for the
      treatment of 16 infectious episodes. The WBCs were not irradiated to determine if
      engraftment with production of granulocytes would occur following infusion of
      immature myeloid elements. No recipient was alloimmunized by clinical and
      serologic criteria. High leukocyte yields were obtained using a variety of
      differential centrifugation techniques with a mean WBC yield/transfusion of 95 X
      10(9) (range 19-275). A mean of 2.5 transfusions (range 1-11) were
      administered/recipient with a mean total dose of 235 X 10(9) WBC/transfusion
      episode (range 50-590). Seven patients had granulocyte counts greater than
      500/microliters for four or more days (range 4-11 days) following the last
      transfusion. Ph1 chromosomes were documented in 2 of 4 patients tested 2-8 days
      following transfusion. Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase scores were increased
      (greater than 150) in 5/5 recipients tested post-transfusion demonstrating that
      production of this enzyme can be induced in CML granulocytes. Except for one
      severe transfusion reaction, there were no significant side effects and no
      recipient developed signs of graft versus host disease. All patients with
      sustained increments demonstrated rapid clinical improvement including 3 severely
      infected, poor risk patients undergoing initial induction therapy. These 3
      patients all achieved complete remission with no evidence of the Ph1 chromosome.
      Because of the high dose of WBC which can be collected and the salutary effect of
      continued leukocyte production, CML WBC may be the preparation of choice for
      selected, non-alloimmunized, severely infected patients.

PMID- 6576632
TI  - Utility and efficiency of linked marker genes for genetic counseling. III.
      Proportion of informative families under linkage disequilibrium.
AB  - A marker locus closely linked to a disease locus is often useful for genetic
      counseling provided that a counselee is heterozygous at both disease and marker
      loci. Furthermore, the linkage phase of these genes in the counselee must be
      known. When the linkage between the disease and marker loci is very close, one
      often finds linkage disequilibrium between the loci. To evaluate the effect of
      such nonrandom associations on the utility of linked marker genes for genetic
      counseling, the proportion of informative families is studied for X-linked
      recessive and autosomal dominant diseases. This proportion is higher for X-linked
      genes than for autosomal genes, if other factors are the same. In general,
      codominant markers are more useful than dominant markers. Also, under appropriate
      conditions, the proportion of informative families is higher when linkage
      disequilibrium is present. The results obtained in this paper are useful for
      evaluating the utility of polymorphic restriction endonuclease cleavage sites as
      markers in genetic counseling.

PMID- 6576633
TI  - Urea-prostaglandin versus hypertonic saline for instillation abortion.
AB  - Authorities have suggested use of a combination of hyperosmolar urea and low-dose
      prostaglandin F2 alpha as a second-trimester intra-amniotic abortifacient to
      avoid the disadvantages of hypertonic saline solution. To examine the safety and
      efficacy of urea-prostaglandin compared with the instillation of saline solution,
      we analyzed data from a prospective multicenter study conducted in the United
      States between 1975 and 1978. Both agents were highly effective in producing an
      abortion. However, urea-prostaglandin had a significantly lower rate of serious
      complications when compared with saline solution (1.03 versus 2.18 per 100
      abortions; p less than 0.001). Urea-prostaglandin also had a significantly
      shorter induction-to-abortion time (14.2 versus 25.6 hours; p less than 0.001).
      Urea-prostaglandin, therefore, appears to be superior to hypertonic saline
      solution as an abortifacient.

PMID- 6576634
TI  - Late definitive correction of the orofacial cleft. Report of a case.
AB  - This article presents the results obtained through staged secondary
      reconstruction of a unilateral complete cleft of the lip and palates in a young
      male patient. In the case report the principles of orofacial cleft management are
      addressed, with specific reference to those points of immediate importance to the
      orthodontist and the surgeon, around whose synergistic efforts the final
      rehabilitation often must pivot. Orthopedic and surgical expansion of the
      scarred, constricted maxilla, orthodontic preparation and completion, maxillary
      advancement and alveolar cleft bone grafting, and the stabilizing roles of
      palatal scar release and bone grafts for the translated maxillary complex are
      discussed as the treatment plan is executed. Completing the rehabilitation are
      the integral considerations of speech and audiology, otologic surgical
      intervention, and soft-tissue revision of the lip and nose. The genesis of the
      secondary deformity is also explored relative to the primary congenital anomaly,
      the techniques and temporal sequence of its repair, and subsequent growth
      disturbance. A review of the pertinent literature is included.

PMID- 6576635
TI  - The in-house computer for the orthodontic office.
AB  - Increased labor costs and reduced computer costs have made the in-house computer
      system for the orthodontic office a reality that is both cost effective and
      efficient. Six years of research have been devoted to development of the correct
      handware and software combination that will harmonize with the staff personnel
      available in the routine orthodontic environment.

PMID- 6576636
TI  - The etiology of maxillary canine impactions.
AB  - The etiology of tooth impactions has long been related to an arch-length
      deficiency. This is valid for most impactions, but not for palatal impaction of
      the maxillary canine. This study shows that 85 percent of the palatally impacted
      canines have sufficient space for eruption. The bud of the maxillary canine is
      wedged between the nasal cavity, the orbit, and the anterior wall of the
      maxillary sinus. The buds of the lateral incisor and the first premolar are
      located behind the canine's palatal surface. An arch-length deficiency will not
      allow the maxillary canine to "jump" the buds, the nasal cavity, or the sinus in
      order to reappear in the palate. A canine can be palatally impacted if an extra
      space is available in the maxillary bone. This space can be provided by (1)
      excessive growth in the base of the maxillary bone, (2) space created by agenesis
      or peg-shaped lateral incisors, or (3) stimulated eruption of the lateral incisor
      or the first premolar. In those conditions the canine is free to "dive" in the
      bone and to become palatally impacted. A dysplasia in the maxillary-premaxillary
      suture can also modify the direction of the maxillary canine's eruption.

PMID- 6576637
TI  - Longitudinal changes in the ANB angle and Wits appraisal: clinical implications.
AB  - The changes in the ANB angle and the Wits appraisal between the ages of 5 and 25
      years were evaluated in twenty male and fifteen female subjects. All subjects had
      clinically acceptable occlusions, and none had undergone orthodontic therapy.
      Descriptive statistics were calculated, and analysis of variance was performed.
      The conclusions derived from this investigation are as follows: (1) No
      significant differences were observed in the changes between male and female
      subjects for either ANB or Wits between age 5 and adulthood. (2) The ANB angle
      changes significantly with age, while the Wits appraisal indicates that the
      relationship between points A and B does not change significantly with age. (3)
      Correlation coefficients showed that the ANB angle and the Wits appraisal are
      significantly correlated but the r-values are relatively low. These findings
      explain the discrepancies that are present in some cases between the measured
      values of the ANB angle and the clinical judgment of the orthodontist. For a more
      accurate diagnosis of the anteroposterior apical base relationship, both the ANB
      angle and Wits appraisal should be used.

PMID- 6576638
TI  - Characteristics of craniofacial structures of parents of children with cleft lip
      and/or palate.
AB  - We looked for possible differences in craniofacial morphology between parents of
      children with celft lip (CL) and/or cleft palate (CP) and normal controls. Fifty
      measurements were obtained from lateral and frontal roentgenographic cephalograms
      of these subjects. The means of all measurements were tested for significant
      statistical differences, and a discriminant analysis was carried out to
      distinguish the craniofacial structures in the experimental subjects from those
      in the controls. Facial shape of parents of children with CL and/or CP differed
      from that of control subjects. Shorter height and greater width in the upper face
      were the main characteristics of facial shape of parents of CL and/or CP
      children. Craniofacial morphology was considered to be related to susceptibility
      to these facial deformities.

PMID- 6576639
TI  - Ectopic eruption of the maxillary first permanent molar: etiologic factors.
AB  - For clinical handling, it is important to determine whether any etiologic
      factors, alone or in combination, are of more importance than others in causing
      ectopic eruption of a maxillary first permanent molar. Etiologic factors involved
      in ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars were investigated in 129
      children with a mean age of 8.6 years. Ninety-two children (fifty-eight boys and
      thirty-four girls) had ectopic eruption and thirty-seven children served as
      controls and were matched by age and sex. Two types of ectopic eruption could be
      distinguished: a reversible type in which the permanent molar frees itself and an
      irreversible type in which the permanent molar remains in a locked position.
      Measurements were made on lateral head films, orthopantomograms, and dental
      casts. For 104 subjects all variables could be measured. Data was analyzed by
      discriminant analysis. Children with irreversible ectopic eruption had
      significantly larger permanent molars and a more pronounced mesial angle of
      eruption. A tendency toward a shorter maxilla was also found. No significant
      difference was found between sides with reversible ectopic eruption and sides
      with normal eruption. From the discriminant analysis between groups and all
      variables investigated, 90.7 percent of the cases could be correctly classified
      into groups. This study indicates that sufficient space may be gained for the
      premolars if the mesial tipping of the first molar is corrected, despite the
      tendency toward a shorter maxilla and larger than normal permanent molars.

PMID- 6576640
TI  - In vitro release of nickel and chromium from simulated orthodontic appliances.
AB  - The purpose of this experiment was to measure the amounts of nickel and chromium
      released from a simulated orthodontic appliance incubated in 0.05 percent sodium
      chloride solution. The average release of metals was 40 micrograms nickel and 36
      micrograms chromium per day for a full-mouth appliance. This was well below the
      average dietary intake of nickel and chromium consumed by Americans. However, the
      clinician should be aware that release of nickel and chromium from orthodontic
      bands might sensitize patients to nickel and chromium and may cause
      hypersensitivity reactions in patients with a prior history of hypersensitivity
      of these metals.

PMID- 6576641
TI  - The growth of the first cervical vertebra in the rat.
AB  - With the help of in vivo marking with alizarin red S, the patterns of growth of
      the first cervical vertebra are demonstrated. Major parts of the developmental
      events which take place during growth (differential bone formation on the bone
      ends facing the synchondroses, closure of the dorsal synchondrosis at 14 days,
      closure of the ventral synchondroses at 35 to 40 days) may be explained by the
      influence that a capsular matrix exerts on its protecting and supporting skeletal
      unit. A demonstrated continued increase of the dorsoventral diameter of the bone
      is suggested to be an adjustive growth process related to the translative
      movements of foramen magnum, a topic that has been poorly understood and
      incompletely investigated.

PMID- 6576643
TI  - Surgical mandibular advancement and stability.

PMID- 6576642
TI  - Occurrence of oxytalan fibers in the temporomandibular joint of the rat.
AB  - It is known that, in addition to their presence in the periodontal ligament, the
      existence of oxytalan fibers can be shown in other tissue structures as well. No
      unanimous opinion concerning the function of these fibers can be found in the
      literature. Pre-elastic fibers are also stained when one tries to demonstrate
      oxytalan fibers according to Fullmer's technique; confusion has to be eliminated.
      In the first instance, in our experiments we could observe the presence of
      oxytalan fibers within the temporomandibular joints of Wistar rats. Next the
      reaction of these fibers was studied under experimental circumstances by
      carefully removing all molar crowns; as a consequence, more stress to the joint
      was induced. By sectioning the mandibular joint and adnexa in the vertical and
      sagittal plane, we obtained a three-dimensional image. The sections were also
      stained according to a modified staining method of Fullmer and the elastin
      staining technique of Gieson/Hart. The molar crowns of ten rats at the age of 2
      months and ten rats aged 4 months were removed. The control animals matched the
      experimental rats in number and age. After 1 month all rats were decapitated. In
      the nearly cell-free central zone of the articular disk, where, under normal and
      experimental circumstances, only very few elastic fibers can be found, the number
      of oxytalan fibers in the experimental animals increased 40 percent with respect
      to the controls. These findings suggest that the augmented number of the involved
      fibers functions as a kind of resistance against distortion.

PMID- 6576644
TI  - Function regulator of Frankel.

PMID- 6576645
TI  - Maximum forces and deflections from orthodontic appliances.
AB  - The maximum bending moment of an orthodontic wire is an important parameter in
      the design and use of an orthodontic appliance. It is the wire property that
      determines how much force an appliance can deliver. A bending test which allows
      direct measurement of the maximum bending moment was developed. Data produced
      from this test are independent of wire length and configuration. The maximum
      bending moment, percent recovery, and maximum springback were determined for
      round and rectangular cross sections of stainless steel, nickel-titanium, and
      beta-titanium wires. The data suggest the need for more specifically defining
      maximum moment and maximum springback. Three maximum bending moments are
      described: Me, My, and Mult. My and Mult are clinically the most significant.
      Appliances that are required to have no permanent deformation must operate below
      My. Appliances that exhibit marked permanent deformation may be used in some
      applications and, if so, higher bending moments can be produced. In order of
      magnitude, the maximum bending moment at yield is largest in stainless steel,
      beta-titanium, and nickel-titanium for a given cross section. Nickel-titanium and
      beta-titanium have significantly larger springback than stainless steel
      determined at the moment at yield. Nickel-titanium did not follow the theoretical
      ratio between ultimate bending moment and the bending moment at yield, exhibiting
      a very large ratio. The study supports the hypothesis that most orthodontic
      appliances are activated in a range where both plastic and elastic behavior
      occurs; therefore, the use of yield strengths for calculation of force magnitude
      can lead to a significant error in predicting the forces delivered.

PMID- 6576646
TI  - Loiasis in an American naturalist.
AB  - In March 1981, a 32-year-old male naturalist involved with collecting mammals for
      study was found to have an unexpected eosinophilia. Serum parasitic screening
      done at the Centers for Disease Control showed filarial titer by indirect
      hemagglutination of 1:1,024 and of 1:40 by bentonite flocculation. His travel
      history disclosed 3 months spent in Cameroon in 1978. He also gave a history of
      intermittent arm swelling for at least a year. Peripheral blood, collected
      repeatedly at mid-day and midnight and tested for microfilariae by the Knott
      technique, was negative. He was begun empirically on diethylcarbamazine, and on
      day 11 of treatment he removed a worm, identified as a male Loa loa, from his
      leg. He completed treatment without difficulty and has done well.

PMID- 6576647
TI  - Inhalational anaesthesia in developing countries. Part I. The problems and a
      proposed solution.
AB  - We have examined the requirements for inhalational anaesthesia in the developing
      countries with particular reference to the problems posed by difficulties in the
      supply of compressed gases. A scheme is proposed to circumvent these difficulties
      without loss of the quality of anaesthesia other than foregoing the use of
      nitrous oxide.

PMID- 6576649
TI  - Test for a leak in the anesthesia circle.

PMID- 6576648
TI  - Inhalational anaesthesia in developing countries. Part II. Review of existing
      apparatus.
AB  - We have reviewed the availability of apparatus which permits the maximum use to
      be made of available supplies and services in developing countries. In particular
      we have stressed the use of electrically operated air compressors and oxygen
      concentrators to drive sophisticated anaesthetic apparatus which is not dependent
      on supplies of compressed gases in cylinders.

PMID- 6576650
TI  - Treatment effects of Frankel, activator and extraoral traction appliances.
AB  - The effects of the Frankel appliance on the treatment of Class II, Division 1
      malocclusion were compared with the activator, high-pull headgear, cervical
      traction and a control group. A sample of 16 Frankel cases treated in the mixed
      dentition was tested in four craniofacial areas, with findings as follows: a.
      Maxillae, no significant horizontal effect b. Mandibular length, significantly
      increased c. Lower face height, widely variable effects. d. Less upper molar
      eruption and more lower molar eruption. Although the findings of this study
      should be interpreted as tentative, they do show the Frankel appliance to have
      some different mean effects on the craniofacial complex. Variability is a most
      important aspect of the findings of this study. Future studies must deal not only
      with mean changes, but with the Frankel appliance's variable effects on
      differential individuals. Optimal application of this appliance requires judgment
      in case selection and careful analysis of progress, using adequate follow-up
      records and a firm knowledge of normal growth and development of the craniofacial
      complex.

PMID- 6576651
TI  - An evaluation of functional occlusal interferences in orthodontically treated and
      untreated subjects.
AB  - Centric occlusion-generated functional bite registrations failed to show a
      difference in the number, location or severity of nonworking (balancing) or
      protrusive functional occlusion contacts between 49 post-orthodontically treated
      subjects and 27 non-orthodontically treated subjects with ideal static occlusion.
      Nonworking (balancing) side functional occlusion contacts were present in 85% of
      the non-orthodontic subjects and 97% of the post-orthodontic subjects. At least
      within the parameters of this investigation, the lateral and protrusive
      occlusions of post-orthodontic subjects and comparable non-orthodontic subjects
      were equivalent. It is important to note that this is a study of incidence. It
      does not address the meaning or importance of such contacts.

PMID- 6576652
TI  - Mandibular growth, condyle position and Frankel appliance therapy.
AB  - A statistical evaluation of condyle position and mandibular length changes in 10
      patients after one year of Frankel appliance therapy, finding the condyle forward
      on the eminence in 4 of them. Large variations were found in mandibular growth,
      with no significant difference from the means of patients treated with the
      Edgewise appliance.

PMID- 6576653
TI  - Cuspid transposition and treatment timing. Case report.
AB  - An example of early treatment where timing is crucial to accomplishing the
      greatest possible dental health benefit, with the added bonus of minimizing
      mechanical therapy.

PMID- 6576654
TI  - Disclusion in mandibular protrusion.

PMID- 6576655
TI  - Artifacts due to movement in rotational panoramic radiography.
AB  - Image quality due to movement of the patient during the exposure is a common
      problem in conventional radiography. The resulting artifacts in the image are
      characteristic and easily identifiable blurring. The unique mechanics of image
      production and the prolonged exposure time used in rotational panoramic
      radiography can cause very different disturbances in the diagnostic image. The
      illustrations presented here are extreme examples of such artifacts, selected for
      clear illustration in a printed image. The challenge to the clinician is to
      identify the full spectrum of such distortions, from the obvious ones to the much
      more subtle effects of similar minor distortions that may not be so easily
      recognized as artifacts.

PMID- 6576656
TI  - Names and other symbols.

PMID- 6576657
TI  - Lower third molar development in relation to skeletal maturity and chronological
      age.
AB  - The development of lower third molar anlage was investigated longitudinally and
      related to chronological age and to skeletal maturation stage as judged by the
      mineralization of epiphyses in the hand. Strong correlations were found between
      lower third molar development and both skeletal maturation and chronological age.
      These results indicate that lower third molar development on the whole seems to
      be correlated with skeletal maturation. One or two lower third molars were found
      to be missing in 11% of the subjects.

PMID- 6576658
TI  - Prostaglandins in the pathogenesis of food intolerance.
AB  - Prostaglandins appear to have cytoprotective effects in the upper bowel and are
      released in increased amounts in patients with abnormal peristalsis and diarrhea.
      Drugs which interfere with prostaglandin (PG) synthesis often prevent the
      symptoms of food intolerance and have been reported as improving food-related
      symptoms in the irritable bowel syndrome.

PMID- 6576659
TI  - Systolic time interval recordings in rabbits with congestive cardiomyopathy
      induced by chronic anthracycline administration.
AB  - Systolic time interval recordings were performed serially on 104 healthy female
      New Zealand White rabbits and 51 rabbits with congestive heart failure (CHF)
      induced by chronic anthracycline drug therapy. The results were analyzed and the
      comparisons were made with studies of systolic time interval recordings of CHF in
      persons. In the rabbit, CHF is manifested by prolongation of the isovolumic
      contraction time, the preejection period (PEP), and by shortening of the left
      ventricular ejection time (LVET). The ratio of PEP/LVET was a sensitive indicator
      of left ventricular failure, with values in excess of 0.466 reflecting
      significant cardiac dysfunction at the 95% confidence level. The mean PEP/LVET =
      0.337 +/- 0.66 in healthy rabbits and PEP/LVET = 0.502 +/- 0.075 in rabbits with
      CHF. The PEP index increased from 0.057 +/- 0.007 in healthy rabbits to 0.074 +/-
      0.007 in rabbits with heart failure. The LVET index decreased from 0.173 +/-
      0.007 in healthy rabbits to 0.166 +/- 0.010 in rabbits with CHF.

PMID- 6576661
TI  - Health effects of ionizing radiation in the low-dose range.

PMID- 6576660
TI  - Human subjects regulations on the social sciences.

PMID- 6576662
TI  - Public health: priorities and policy setting in the real world.

PMID- 6576663
TI  - The role of animals in biomedical research.

PMID- 6576664
TI  - Animal welfare considerations in neuroscience research.

PMID- 6576665
TI  - Appropriate animal models.

PMID- 6576666
TI  - Nutrition and early development.

PMID- 6576667
TI  - Research animal care in canada: its control and regulation.

PMID- 6576668
TI  - Public opinion on animal-based research: the unknown factor in ethical and policy
      decisions.

PMID- 6576669
TI  - Beastly conduct: ethical issues in animal experimentation.

PMID- 6576670
TI  - Language, cognition, and awareness in animals?

PMID- 6576671
TI  - Mandatory versus voluntary regulation of biomedical research.

PMID- 6576672
TI  - Statistical strategies for animal conservation.

PMID- 6576673
TI  - Animal experiment: British and European legislation and practice.

PMID- 6576674
TI  - The use of short term in vitro and submammalian tests as alternatives to large
      scale animal bioassays.

PMID- 6576675
TI  - Developing alternative assay systems for toxicity testing.

PMID- 6576676
TI  - Cellular systems for toxicity testing.

PMID- 6576677
TI  - Cytogenetic methods for detecting effects of chemical mutagens.

PMID- 6576678
TI  - Effects of tumor promoters.

PMID- 6576679
TI  - Bacterial-mammalian mutagenesis correlations: mechanistic significance for
      carcinogenesis.
AB  - Chemicals evaluated for their carcinogenic potential in the IARC Monographs
      (Supplement 4 to volumes 1-29)2 are used to compare their response in bacterial
      and mammalian cell mutagenicity assays in vitro. Simultaneous positive and
      negative test results in both systems showed a high degree of parallelism.
      Several carcinogens active in animals/humans, however, were not detected in
      either assay. The possibility of a quantitative extrapolation of bacterial
      mutagenesis data to processes occurring in intact mammals was further examined.
      Published covalent binding indices in rat liver DNA for 36 compounds were found
      to be correlated with their mutagenic effects in the Salmonella/liver-microsome
      test; several compounds deviated from this proportionality. The quantitative
      relationship between carcinogenicity in rodents (TD50) and mutagenicity was
      examined, using 10 alkylating agents. Mutagenicity in S. typhimurium TA100 strain
      (plate and liquid assays) showed no correlation with carcinogenic potency.
      However, there was a positive relationship between TD50 values and the initial
      ratio of N-7-alkyl/O6-alkyl guanine formed (predicted) after reaction with double
      stranded DNA in vitro.

PMID- 6576680
TI  - Relevancy issues.

PMID- 6576681
TI  - An overview of genetic toxicity testing in the National Toxicology Program.

PMID- 6576682
TI  - Impact of short-term tests on regulatory action.

PMID- 6576683
TI  - Short-term tests in the framework of carcinogen risk assessment to man.
AB  - Short-term tests designed to detect possible carcinogenicity have been
      extensively refined during the last years. Presently, many more or less simple
      and convenient systems are available to detect mutations, chromosome effects, DNA
      damage, and malignant transformation. Although their relevance to carcinogenicity
      is often reasonably good, inconsistencies in the pattern of response indicate
      that their role as predictive indicators of carcinogenicity is still uncertain.
      The use of short-term tests in carcinogen risk assessment does seem feasible.
      These tests, however, should not be the only characteristic taken into
      consideration in such a risk assessment. Other characteristics such as chemical
      structure, biotransformation, and pharmacokinetics, qualitative and quantitative
      physiological and/or morphological effects, species, strain, and organ
      specificity, dose-response relation, and information on human studies, if
      available, are of importance too. Current knowledge does not permit a rigid
      classification of carcinogens, but does warrant a subclassification into
      genotoxic and nongenotoxic compounds. Whereas for genotoxic compounds a real
      threshold cannot be expected on a theoretical basis, the existence of a threshold
      may well be expected for nongenotoxic compounds. In conjunction with other
      characteristics it may then be decided whether a genotoxic or nongenotoxic
      compound may be or may not be permitted in the human environment. In this
      evaluation process it is anticipated that for genotoxic compounds other
      extrapolation systems should be used, as compared to nongenotoxic compounds,
      where in fact a conventional food toxicology safety factor may be applied. Short
      term tests are very important in the subclassification with respect to
      genotoxicity and seem to be of value for the detection of promoter activity as
      well.

PMID- 6576684
TI  - Biological actions and medical applications of dimethyl sulfoxide.

PMID- 6576685
TI  - The protective effect of dimethyl sulfoxide in experimental ischemia of the
      intestine.
AB  - Experiments with two models of intestinal ischemia were performed in order to
      examine the protective effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Segmental ischemia of
      the small intestine for 150 minutes caused necrosis of the affected bowel in 90%
      of the animals. Intravenous administration of DMSO or impregnation of the
      peritoneum with this substance prevented the development of gangrene in 28 of 29
      rats. 30 or 60 minutes of complete ischemia of the small intestine, produced by
      clamping of the superior mesenteric artery, resulted in partial or complete
      necrosis of bowel segments with a high incidence of perforation and peritonitis
      and a high mortality rate within the first 24 hours. Intravenous DMSO, given upon
      declamping of the artery, effectively protected the bowel from the ischemic
      damage. There were no deaths among DMSO-treated animals and at 24 h there was no
      evidence of ischemic damage to the intestine. Though the exact mechanism of
      action of DMSO is unknown, the results of these and other experiments may warrant
      clinical trials especially in cases of mesenteric thrombosis.

PMID- 6576686
TI  - The role of topical dimethyl sulfoxide in burn wound infection: evaluation in the
      rat.
AB  - The results of this study indicated that there were no statistically significant
      differences between the effectiveness of 1% silver sulfadiazine in DMSO and 1%
      silver sulfadiazine in a hydrophilic base (Silvadene), when these formulations
      were used as antimicrobials applied topically to thermal burn wounds. The
      antimicrobial efficacy of silver sulfadiazine was not destroyed by mixing this
      agent with DMSO, since the recovery of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was significantly
      lower in all animals treated with silver sulfadiazine, whatever the formulation,
      when compared to animals not treated with silver sulfadiazine. Further studies
      with higher concentrations of silver sulfadiazine in DMSO may be useful. Although
      the concept of DMSO as a medicinal "carrier" is not novel, with further
      investigation, it may prove to be germane in the treatment of eschar-covered
      thermal burns.

PMID- 6576687
TI  - Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on the bactericidal function of polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes.

PMID- 6576688
TI  - The effect of percutaneous dimethyl sulfoxide on cutaneous manifestations of
      systemic sclerosis.
AB  - DMSO exerts a palliative, therapeutic effect on healing of cutaneous ulcers in
      systemic sclerosis. The therapeutic response was variable and, therefore, the
      concentration of DMSO, as well as frequency and duration of treatments, should be
      individualized to obtain maximum healing effect with a minimum of adverse
      reactions. There was no evidence of ocular toxicity or other serious toxicity
      manifestations in this group of patients treated with topical DMSO for one year
      or longer. Delayed improvement was observed in the untreated extremity in the
      majority of patients studied. In no instance did improvement in the untreated
      extremities exceed improvement in the treated, bilateral counterpart. It is
      believed this resulted from a systemic, carry-over effect of DMSO rather than
      spontaneous improvement in the disease course. DMSO is a worthwhile,
      supplemental, therapeutic agent providing the limitations of therapy are
      understood.

PMID- 6576689
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide in acute ischemia of the kidney.
AB  - Renal ischemia was produced in rats by clamping of the renal artery for 1 h. Upon
      termination of the ischemic period a 20% solution of DMSO (5 g kg-1 b.w.) was
      given intravenously to 33 rats. Eighteen control animals received normal saline.
      All DMSO-treated animals survived while all control animals died within the
      subsequent seven days. At 24 h following the experiment, the mean blood urea of
      the control rats was 254 mg/100 ml and the mean plasma creatinine 7.2 mg/100 ml.
      By contrast, the DMSO-treated rats had a mean blood urea of 69 mg/100 ml and
      plasma creatinine of 1.6 mg/100 ml. In 17 animals the kidney was perfused with
      DMSO prior to the closure of the renal artery. All these rats survived the
      procedure and showed near normal kidney function at 24 h. The renal artery was
      clamped for 60 min in ten dogs. Five dogs received DMSO (3 g kg-1 b.w.) and the
      other five received an equivalent dose of normal saline. Three weeks later a
      contralateral nephrectomy was performed. Renal function was normal in the DMSO
      treated dogs. One control dog died of uremia, in the remaining four a transient
      renal failure was observed. These experiments in two different animals highlight
      the protective effect of DMSO on the ischemic kidney when the drug is
      administered after the ischemic period.

PMID- 6576690
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide prevents hydroxyl radical-mediated depolymerization of
      hyaluronic acid.

PMID- 6576691
TI  - Mechanisms of the synergistic effect of oral dimethyl sulfoxide on antineoplastic
      therapy.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine whether dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) when
      administered in conjunction with antitumor drugs would potentiate their activity
      against a rodent tumor. Twelve compounds of diverse modes of action were examined
      using standard protocols of the National Cancer Institute. Median survival time
      and median tumor diameter were the parameters used for determining any
      synergistic effects of DMSO when it was ingested in the drinking water and the
      drug administered parenterally. The continuous ingestion of DMSO alone mixed in
      drinking water at concentrations between 0.25-32% was not toxic and had no effect
      on the tumor. Although the intraperitoneal inoculation of drugs into animals
      ingesting DMSO did not enhance drug effectiveness, when both DMSO and drug were
      added to the drinking water, it did increase antineoplastic potency. DMSO
      ingestion also inhibited the tumor growth rate of several parenterally
      administered drugs even though these same compounds failed to prolong the
      survival time of tumor-bearing rats. The toxicity of 12 compounds when combined
      with DMSO was only moderately increased in four instances. Orally ingested DMSO
      was found to cause a twofold increase in the concentration of labeled CPA in
      plasma, brain, and liver tissues. This elevation persisted for approximately two
      to three hours but subsequently returned to the same level as that observed in
      water-fed rodents. The DMSO-enhancement of tissue levels coupled with a more
      rapid drug rate clearance offers one explanation for the therapeutic benefit
      noted when oral DMSO was administered concomitantly with CPA.

PMID- 6576692
TI  - Platelet cryopreservation using dimethyl sulfoxide.

PMID- 6576693
TI  - Comparison of the analgesic effects of dimethyl sulfoxide and morphine.

PMID- 6576694
TI  - Combined pharmacologic and surgical treatments for acute spinal cord trauma.

PMID- 6576695
TI  - Ultrastructural studies of rat fasciculi gracilis unmyelinated fibers after
      contusion and DMSO treatment.

PMID- 6576696
TI  - Spinal cord transection in rats: the therapeutic effects of dimethyl sulfoxide
      and hyperbaric oxygen.

PMID- 6576697
TI  - Antiplatelet effect of dimethyl sulfoxide, barbiturates, and methyl prednisolone.

PMID- 6576698
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide therapy following penetrating brain injury.

PMID- 6576699
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide in brain edema and intracranial pressure.

PMID- 6576700
TI  - Ineffectiveness of DMSO in treating experimental brain ischemia.
AB  - A beneficial effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the treatment of acute focal
      cerebral ischemia has not been proven. In the present study, two established
      experimental models of acute focal cerebral ischemia were treated with DMSO.
      Twenty adult cats lightly anesthetized with ketamine hydrochloride underwent
      right middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion for 6 hours. Ten cats were not
      treated and 10 cats received DMSO (2.5 g/kg i.v.) immediately after occlusion. No
      improvement of EEG findings, erythrocyte transit, regional cerebral blood flow
      (rCBF), blood-brain barrier permeability, or morphological findings were
      demonstrated in the DMSO-treated cats. In a second study, 15 conscious adult
      baboons underwent temporary left MCA occlusion (6 or 12 hours) using an implanted
      occluding device. Seven baboons were not treated and 8 baboons received
      continuous intravenous infusions of DMSO for 10 hours beginning 30 minutes after
      occlusion. Four of the baboons that were treated with DMSO also were treated with
      pentobarbital coma for 96 hours starting 4 hours after occlusion. Analysis of the
      neurological scores after 1 week survival indicated that treatment with DMSO
      alone and DMSO and pentobarbital coma did not improve the outcome. Morphological
      changes were similar in the 3 groups. The findings of our investigation indicate
      that DMSO is ineffective in treating acute focal cerebral ischemia.

PMID- 6576701
TI  - Treatment of cerebral infarction with dimethyl sulfoxide in the mongolian gerbil.
AB  - Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been reported to have beneficial effects in the
      treatment of central nervous system trauma, possibly due to its reported anti
      inflammatory, antiedemic, anticoagulate, diuretic, hypothermic, vasodilatory, and
      respiratory stimulatory effects as well as an ability to correct membrane
      instability and penetrate the blood-brain barrier. In this paper we discussed
      these properties, and how they may be of benefit in ischemic cerebral infarction
      and elevated intracranial pressure. We also described a study we performed to
      determine if treatment with DMSO would decrease the morbidity and mortality from
      experimental cerebral infarction.

PMID- 6576702
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide as a vehicle for topical antiviral chemotherapy.

PMID- 6576703
TI  - Treatment of elevated intracranial pressure with dimethyl sulfoxide.

PMID- 6576704
TI  - Control trials of dimethyl sulfoxide in rheumatoid and collagen diseases.

PMID- 6576705
TI  - Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on chemotaxis of phagocytic cells.

PMID- 6576706
TI  - The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on endotoxin-induced pulmonary dysfunction: a
      biochemical and electron microscope study.

PMID- 6576707
TI  - Comparison of dimethyl sulfoxide levels in whole blood and serum using an
      autosampler-equipped gas chromatograph.

PMID- 6576708
TI  - Cell-cycle related events in the dimethyl sulfoxide-induced commitment of hepatic
      tumor cells to enhanced liver function.

PMID- 6576709
TI  - Suppression of atherosclerosis in cholesterolemic rabbits by dimethyl sulfoxide.

PMID- 6576710
TI  - The effect of topical dimethyl sulfoxide on clotting activity in the Sprague
      Dawley rat.

PMID- 6576711
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide--a safe drug solvent for in vitro screening against cestode
      parasite.

PMID- 6576712
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide inhibits platelet aggregation in partially obstructed canine
      coronary vessels.

PMID- 6576713
TI  - Improvement in somatosensory evoked response amplitude and neurologic function
      following DMSO in a cat model of chronic spinal cord compression.

PMID- 6576714
TI  - Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on precipitability of Bence Jones proteins and their
      conversion to amyloid fibrils.

PMID- 6576715
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide alteration of collagen.
AB  - In vitro incubation of human scar in our laboratory with 99% DMSO demonstrated,
      by electron microscopy, the disruption of the collagen fibers. This may prove to
      be a useful preparatory step for selective enzymatic assault upon exuberant or
      undesirable scar tissue in the clinical setting. Further study of this concept is
      planned.

PMID- 6576716
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide and the calcium paradox.

PMID- 6576717
TI  - DMSO-cytostatic complexes: selective cancer chemotherapy.

PMID- 6576718
TI  - Immunologic defense mechanisms in DMSO-treated Balb/c mice: immunologic memory
      and natural killer cell activity.

PMID- 6576719
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide inhibits metabolic activation of sulindac.

PMID- 6576720
TI  - The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on the membrane dynamics and the phospholipid
      composition of two different cell lines.

PMID- 6576721
TI  - Structural basis for biological activities of dimethyl sulfoxide.

PMID- 6576722
TI  - Studies on biological actions of dimethyl sulfoxide in familial amyloidosis.
AB  - DMSO was therapeutically administered to patients with FAP and in about half of
      the patients there was some clinical improvement. Urinary proteins were analyzed
      biochemically and immunochemically before and after DMSO administration in seven
      cases of amyloidosis. As the results, increased excretion of various proteins of
      different molecular weights in the urine was observed depending on cases and
      examined organs. The in vitro effects of DMSO on amyloid proteins were examined.
      DMSO-degraded amyloid proteins showed void-volume materials and lower molecular
      weight components on Sephadex G column elution profiles as did guanidine-degraded
      amyloid protein. Among various denaturating or reducing agents, DMSO is the least
      potent in dissolving amyloid fibrils into prealbumin-related proteins.

PMID- 6576723
TI  - Toxicologic update of dimethyl sulfoxide.

PMID- 6576724
TI  - Effects of dimethyl sulfoxide and acupuncture on the cardiovascular system of
      dogs.
AB  - The intravenous administration of dimethyl sulfoxide (100 mg/kg) resulted in a
      significant increase in cardiac output, stroke volume, central venous pressure,
      and a significant decrease in heart rate. Acupuncture by electrocautery at Jen
      Chung (Go-26) produced a significant increase in cardiac output, stroke volume,
      heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure and a significant decrease
      in total peripheral resistance in dogs under 0.75% halothane anesthesia. Both
      DMSO and acupuncture elicit an analgesic effect and enhance cardiovascular
      function as exemplified by an increase in the cardiac output.

PMID- 6576725
TI  - Acute cardiovascular effects of dimethyl sulfoxide.

PMID- 6576726
TI  - Absence of functional messenger RNA for glycogen phosphorylase in the muscle of
      two patients with McArdle's disease.
AB  - (1) Two unrelated cases of McArdle's disease (glycogen storage disease type V,
      deficiency in muscle-type glycogen phosphorylase, EC.2.4.1.1) with no detectable
      inactive protein, and two heterozygous relatives of one patient, have been
      investigated for the presence or absence of functional messenger RNA. Methods
      were developed and scaled down to be compatible with clinical-size biopsies. (2)
      Total muscle RNA was prepared and translated in a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free
      system. Neosynthesized products were isolated by immunoaffinity
      microchromatography. Phosphorylase was compared with control enzymes
      neosynthesized and purified under the same conditions. (3) No functional mRNA for
      phosphorylase could be detected in the muscles of the two patients. A decreased
      amount of messenger for phosphorylase, compared with the control enzymes, was
      found in the muscles of the two heterozygotes. (4) Exploration of functional
      messenger RNA in clinical enzymopathies should be readily adaptable to a number
      of enzymatic diseases.

PMID- 6576727
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies to human melanoma associated antigens: study of their
      specificity and visualization at the cellular level of the antigenic
      distribution.
AB  - Six monoclonal antibodies(Mabs) including 4 anti-melanoma, one anti-glioma, and
      one anti-HLA-DR have been tested in a 125I-protein A antibody binding assay using
      a panel of 34 different cell lines. This panel included 19 melanomas from
      different clinical and geographical origins, 10 fibroblast lines out of which 9
      were established from melanoma patients, 2 glial cell lines, 1 osteosarcoma, 1
      teratocarcinoma, and 1 murine melanoma. The reactivity pattern of the 4 anti
      melanoma Mabs showed that they were not directed against antigens strictly
      restricted to melanoma, but rather against antigenic structures preferentially
      expressed on melanoma cells. These Mabs were found to crossreact with gliomas,
      thus they seem to recognize neuroectoderm associated differentiation antigens.
      The high crossreactivity of the anti-glioma Mab for melanoma was confirmed in
      this study. As expected from the literature, HLA-DR antigens were found to be
      expressed on more than 50% of the melanoma lines tested. The cellular
      distribution of the antigens recognized by two anti-melanoma Mabs on melanoma
      cells could be visualized by an autoradiographic procedure. From the labeling
      pattern it was concluded that only a proportion of the cells, varying from 13 to
      38%, expressed the relevant antigen.

PMID- 6576728
TI  - Modifying the biological response to acute myeloid leukemia I. BCG, allogeneic
      leukemic cells and spontaneous cytotoxicity.
AB  - The natural killer activity was measured in lymphocytes from 21 healthy controls
      and 18 patients with acute myeloid leukemia in complete remission. Seven patients
      were treated with chemotherapy alone and 11 were given chemoimmunotherapy.
      Immunotherapy consisted of BCG and allogeneic, viable leukemic cells. The NK
      activity was found to be significantly lower (p less than 0.01) in the
      chemotherapy group than in the controls. In the chemoimmunotherapy group a normal
      NK activity was maintained.

PMID- 6576729
TI  - [Early phase II study of PL-AC [N4-palmitoyl-(1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)
      cytosine] on hematopoietic malignancies].
AB  - Twenty-one patients with hematopoietic malignancies including 6 previously
      untreated, 9 pretreated, and in relapse, 5 in complete remission and one in
      partial remission all were treated with PL-AC. The patients consisted of 12 acute
      myelocytic leukemias, 4 acute monocytic leukemias, 2 acute lymphocytic leukemias,
      one erythroleukemia, one malignant lymphoma and one chronic monocytic leukemia.
      PL-AC was given orally at a dosage of 50-1200 mg daily. Mean total dosage was
      4.74 g (0.6-15.25), and the mean administration period was 3.43 days (1-122).
      days Responses were observed in 4 out of 9 pretreated patients by a decrease of
      blast cells in the peripheral blood. Partial remission was obtained in one case
      which lasted 8 months. Out of 5 previously untreated acute leukemias, one partial
      remission and 4 hematological responses were observed. The plasma concentration
      of Ara-C was maximal at 3 hours and was not detectable after 12 hours. Side
      effects observed were nausea in 5 patients vomiting in one patient and liver
      dysfunction in one patient. These side effects however were not so severe as to
      stop drug administration. PL-AC may be administered in doses ranged 150-250 mg
      for 2-3 weeks without any severe side effects, and with some clinical effects.

PMID- 6576731
TI  - [Experimental and clinical effect of hypertransfusion and OK-432 on granulocyte
      recovery].
AB  - The experimental and clinical studies were carried out to alleviate the bone
      marrow suppression by antineoplastic drugs. Faster recovery of granulopoiesis was
      observed by pretreating recipients with RBC hypertransfusion and/or OK-432
      (Picibanil, biological products of beta-streptococci.) In experimental mice,
      higher granulocyte counts could be maintained with hypertransfusion in the
      peripheral blood, and the recovery of granulopoietic series and CFU-S of bone
      marrow cells were found to be more rapid after cyclophosphamide administration.
      OK-432 also resulted in higher peripheral granulocyte, whereas the total
      nucleated cell counts and CFU-S were decreased in the bone marrow, suggesting
      sparing bone marrow granulocyte reserve and its migration to the peripheral
      blood. The mechanism of higher granulocyte count after hypertransfusion was not
      clearly explained but it was considered that erythroid suppression caused
      colateral flow of multipotential stem cells to granulopoiesis. The effect of both
      combinations was unexpectedly less significant in the recovery of granulopoiesis,
      but it was thought that the optimal time interval should be sought between
      pretreatment and the administration of anti-neoplastic agents. The clinical use
      of hyper transfusion and OK-432 also proved the alleviation of granulocytopenia,
      and rapid granulocyte recovery at the time of consolidation therapy among
      children with AML.

PMID- 6576730
TI  - [VP 16-213 in the treatment of acute leukemia in childhood].
AB  - Effectiveness and side effects of VP 16-213, a semi-synthetic podophyllotoxin, on
      acute leukemia and histiocytic medullary reticulosis in childhood was tested.
      Four cases of refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia, five of acute non
      lymphocytic leukemia-one induction failure and 4 in remission--and a case of
      histiocytic medullary reticulosis were treated with a combination of VP 16-213
      (Days 1-5), cytosine arabinoside (Days 1-5) and adriamycin (Day 6). None of the
      acute lymphocytic leukemia patients yielded a complete response; however, one of
      them later attained a partial response with modified intermittent administration
      of VP 16-213 and cytosine arabinoside. A patient with acute non-lymphocytic
      leukemia who had failed to attain initial remission, achieved a complete response
      after the second course of the treatment with increased dosages. In the four
      acute non-lymphocytic leukemia patients in remission, complete remission was
      maintained more than 4 a months. A case of histiocytic medullary reticulosis
      demonstrated partial response. The major toxic effects produced by this regimen
      were marked pancytopenia and vomiting. VP 16-213 appears to be effective for
      myelocytic and monocytic malignancies in childhood.

PMID- 6576732
TI  - [Primary immunologic deficiencies and cancer. 5 anatomo-clinical case reports].
AB  - Five patients with primary immunodeficiency and cancer are presented. Two
      children with ataxia-telangiectasia developed acute lymphoblastic leukemia and
      malignant lymphoma of B-like origin with chromosome damage and unusual prevalence
      of antibodies to E.B.V. early antigen. A bone sarcoma occurred in a patient with
      common variable hypogammaglobulinemia. At least two infants who died with severe
      combined immunodeficiency had at autopsy congenital myelomonocytic leukemia and
      malignant lymphoma. These cases indicate the high risk for development of cancer
      in patients with primary abnormalities of the immune system and suggest the
      heterogeneity and complexity of pathogenic mechanisms.

PMID- 6576733
TI  - A comparative histological study of wound healing following CO2 laser and
      conventional surgical excision of canine buccal mucosa.
AB  - The histological changes following removal of 2 cm discs of buccal mucosa by CO2
      laser and conventional surgery were studied over a period of 42 days. The laser
      wound differed from the conventional wound: there was minimal damage to the
      adjacent tissue; initially a coagulum of denatured protein formed on the surface;
      the inflammatory reaction was less; fewer myofibroblasts were present and there
      was little wound contraction; less collagen was formed and epithelial
      regeneration was delayed and more irregular.

PMID- 6576734
TI  - Masseter muscle fatigue in man objectively quantified by analysis of myoelectric
      signals.
AB  - Localized muscle fatigue in the masseter muscle was studied with a method based
      on power spectrum analysis of myoelectric signals. Under the influence of
      fatiguing contractions, a gradual shift of the spectral curve occurred; the rate
      of change was taken as a measure of the development of fatigue. The fatigue was
      dependent on the bite force. The existence of a threshold value of force, below
      which significant myoelectric fatigue changes do not develop, was shown.

PMID- 6576735
TI  - Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase in submandibular gland of the rat.
AB  - Crude extracts from submandibular glands of the rat, rabbit, guinea pig and
      macaque monkey contained high activities of branched-chain amino acid
      aminotransferase comparable to those from the heart and kidney. In each species,
      the isoelectric point and relative elution volume on Sephacryl of the
      aminotransferase from the submandibular gland had the same values as the heart
      enzyme. The enzyme of rat submandibular gland was partially purified; the
      properties of the purified enzyme suggest that it is the same type as that from
      the heart.

PMID- 6576736
TI  - The relationship between sarcomere length and activation pattern in the rabbit
      masseter muscle.
AB  - The sarcomere lengths of muscle fibres in 12 locations of the masseter were
      determined for 7 mandibular positions characteristic of jaw excursions during
      normal chewing and biting. In symmetric jaw postures, the superficial masseter
      had relatively long and the deep masseter short sarcomeres. Sarcomere length
      changes due to jaw opening could be predicted by a geometric model that included
      degree of gape, initial sarcomere length, orientation of fibre bundle relative to
      hinge axis and ratio of fibre to muscle (origin/insertion) length as parameters.
      Lateral deviations of the jaw caused lengthening of ipsilateral and shortening of
      contralateral fibres in the superficial masseter. The reverse length changes
      occurred in the deep masseters. The contraction pattern of the masseter was
      different from region to region and there was a correlation between timing of
      activity and timing of sarcomere shortening. Muscle fibres became active at
      sarcomere lengths of 2.5-2.8 micron, reached peak electromyograms at 2.2-2.5
      micron and stopped firing at 2.2-2.4 micron. Hence contraction occurred at sub
      optimal sarcomere lengths. By comparison with published length-tension diagrams,
      the isometric muscle force at molar occlusion was estimated to be 65 per cent of
      the force at optimum length. During initial jaw closing, the rate of shortening
      was high relative to the presumed maximum intrinsic speed of the muscle (13-19
      micron/sarcomere/s). It was lower during loaded closing and the occlusal phase (3
      7 micron/sarcomere/s). Hence during each firing period, initially a high speed of
      contraction at a low force developed and subsequently a near-isometric force at a
      low speed of contraction.

PMID- 6576737
TI  - Ammonia utilization by a proposed bacterial pathogen in human periodontal
      disease, Capnocytophaga ochracea.
AB  - Capnocytophaga ochracea strain 25 was originally isolated from a patient with
      severe juvenile periodontitis. An NAD-specific glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) (EC
      1.4.1.2.) was found in cell-free extracts from this organism. The NADH-dependent
      reductive, or ammonia-assimilating activity (NADH-GDH), of the enzyme was 8-10
      fold higher than its NAD-dependent oxidative, or ammonia-releasing activity (NAD
      GDH), suggesting that the primary physiological role of the GDH is ammonia
      fixing. Capnocytophaga ochracea GDH was purified approximately 39-fold by a
      rapid, single-step purification procedure using DEAE-cellulose (DE52) ion
      exchange column chromatography which gave 90 per cent recovery of total enzyme
      units. Paper chromatography of an NADH-GDH assay mixture containing the partially
      purified enzyme showed that glutamate was, indeed, a product of the ammonia
      assimilating reaction. The pH optimum for the NAD-GDH reaction was 9.0; that for
      the NADH-GDH reaction was 7.5. Although a number of mono- and divalent cations
      were tested, none had a large effect on either NAD-GDH or NADH-GDH activity. The
      NAD-GDH reaction showed a hyperbolic kinetic response to glutamate and NAD and
      the Km values for glutamate and NAD were 2.44 and 0.083 mM respectively. The
      kinetic response of the NADH-GDH reaction to NADH, alpha-ketoglutarate and
      ammonium chloride also obeyed Michaelis-Menten kinetics and their respective Km
      values were 0.069, 1.44 and 3.33 mM. Of a number of biologically-active compounds
      tested for their ability to modulate GDH activity, only ADP and NAD exerted much
      effect. The NADH-GDH activity showed a negative hyperbolic kinetic response to
      both ADP and NAD and Dixon plot-analysis of the NAD and ADP saturation data gave
      Ki values for ADP and NAD of 4.0 and 0.46 mM respectively. Both NAD and ADP
      appeared to exert their negative effects on NADH-GDH activity by completely
      inhibiting the binding of the reduced coenzyme, NADH, to the enzyme.

PMID- 6576738
TI  - Bovine enamel hardness and its Ca-, P-, Mg- and F-contents modified by the
      bacterium Streptococcus mutans, artificial dental plaque and fluoride.
AB  - A layer of cells from buffered Strep. mutans suspension (pH 5.8), with or without
      sucrose, was centrifuged on bovine enamel surfaces. Fluoride was added to a part
      of the samples (final F 25 parts/10(6]. Control and test samples were incubated
      at 37 degrees C for 18 h. The pH of the fermenting plaque dropped to 4.15. When F
      was present, the final pH was 4.45. Microhardness of the enamel surface was
      reduced by the presence of sucrose but less in the presence of F. Enamel Ca was
      liberated during fermentation, but only into the fluid and less in the presence
      of F. The weight ratio of Ca and P released by sugar fermentation was 3.14 and
      1.91 when F was present. The F content of enamel surface was only slightly
      increased (130 parts/10(6]by the F in distilled water alone. Subsurface enamel
      gained more F (280 parts/10(6]. When artificial plaque was present, addition of F
      increased the F content of enamel surface by 450 parts/10(6) and F of subsurface
      by 210 parts/10(6). The addition of F increased the enamel F content to the
      greatest extent under the fermenting plaque, 680 parts/10(6) in surface and 400
      parts/10(6) in subsurface enamel, compared to the values of the enamel under non
      fermenting plaque.

PMID- 6576739
TI  - A histochemical study of the cholinergic and adrenergic innervation of the
      developing teeth and oral tissues in the mouse.
AB  - The dental follicle and papilla are innervated at different stages of tooth
      development. The type of nerves innervating these structures at different stages
      was investigated using an enzymic method for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and
      direct visualization for noradrenaline on fetal and neonatal stages up to 7 days
      after birth. Glandular and muscular tissue were positive for AChE in 17-day
      fetuses but no reaction was observed in the teeth or supporting tissues up to 7
      days after birth. Noradrenaline was detected in blood vessels at 18 days and in
      glandular tissue at birth but was not observed in the teeth within the period
      covered. It is unlikely that AChE plays any role in the innervation of teeth; the
      adrenergic nerve supply probably develops later.

PMID- 6576740
TI  - Analysis of human palatine salivary proteins by isoelectric focusing in agarose.
AB  - An electrophoretic method capable of analysing a small volume (5-10 microliter)
      of human palatine saliva without prior concentration was developed by combining
      the high resolution of isoelectric focusing in agarose with a highly sensitive
      silver protein staining method. Human palatine saliva exhibited 23 protein bands,
      those at pI 4.3-4.4, 4.7, 5.3 and 5.8 being major bands.

PMID- 6576741
TI  - The initiation of the effect of commercially-prepared dried apple on dental
      caries in albino rats.
AB  - Group I of Sprague-Dawley rats was fed diet MIT 200 with 25 parts/10(6) F' in the
      drinking water. Group II received MIT 200, as did Group IV in which the sucrose
      was replaced by sugars in the same proportions as in dried apple. Group III
      received MIT 200 with minced dried apple replacing the sucrose. The diet
      containing commercially-prepared dried apple induced more dental caries than did
      similar diets containing equivalent amounts of sugars (p less than 0.01).

PMID- 6576742
TI  - Comparison of wet and dry aerosol salbutamol.
AB  - Wet aerosol and metered dose inhaler (MDI) modes of inhalation of salbutamol were
      compared in ten asthmatic patients with severe, reversible airways obstruction
      and in ten chronic bronchitic patients with severe, poorly reversible airways
      obstruction. The responses to cumulative doses to 800 micrograms (8 x 100
      micrograms) by MDI and 10 mg (4 x 0.5 ml of 0.5% standard solution) by wet
      aerosol were studied. From maximum expiratory flow-volume curves, measurements
      were made of FEV1, FVC, PEFR, Vmax 50% and Vmax 75%, and pulse and blood pressure
      responses to cumulative doses of salbutamol were measured. In both groups of
      patients there was no significant difference between the two modes of inhalation
      either for each treatment interval or for the maximal response in any of these
      indices.

PMID- 6576743
TI  - Is there an IgM nephropathy?

PMID- 6576744
TI  - Comparison of exercise electrocardiography, thallium-201 myocardial imaging and
      exercise gated blood pool scan in patients with suspected coronary artery
      disease.

PMID- 6576745
TI  - Plasma vasopressin in hypercalcaemic states.
AB  - Plasma vasopressin was measured by radioimmunoassay in eight normal subjects and
      in six patients with hypercalcaemia. Vasopressin levels were significantly
      elevated in the hypercalcaemic patients, although urine osmolalities were lower
      than in controls. This finding is consistent with a renal resistance to the
      action of endogenous vasopressin in hypercalcaemia.

PMID- 6576746
TI  - Thiamin inadequacy in infants: lack of evidence of amprolium in egg yolk.
AB  - This study investigated the hypothesis that the consumption of egg yolks might
      lead to thiamin inadequacy in infants because of the possible contamination of
      the egg yolks with amprolium. Earlier workers showed that the presence of
      amprolium in the diet inhibits the absorption of thiamin. Amprolium is added to
      some poultry feeds to control coccidiosis: it is readily incorporated in the egg
      yolk and egg yolk is one of the solid foods offered to infants at weaning. We
      found that under current commercial poultry feeding practices in WA it is
      extremely unlikely that any amprolium would be present in commercial eggs or
      poultry. Amprolium was undetectable in eggs purchased at several retail outlets.
      Thus there is no evidence that consumption of egg yolk contributes to thiamin
      inadequacy in infants.

PMID- 6576747
TI  - Patterns of stroke. An analysis of the first 700 consecutive admissions to the
      Austin Hospital Stroke Unit.
AB  - An analysis is presented of the first 700 admissions to the Austin Hospital
      Stroke Unit with special emphasis on the incidence of the various patterns of
      stroke and the underlying mechanisms involved. There were 616 admissions for
      confirmed stroke events--the remainder were for events simulating stroke. Three
      hundred and fifty-three (57.3% of stroke events) were for cortical (including
      retinal) ischaemic events. Of these, arterial lesions were demonstrated in 55%
      and suspected in 20% whilst embolism from the heart probably accounted for 14% of
      events. No cause was determined in 11% despite complete investigation. Where
      arterial lesions were found, they were extracranial in 85%. There were 140 cases
      of internal capsular ischaemia (22.7% of stroke events) and 16 cases (2.6%) for
      which the exact site of ischaemia was not determined, although it was presumed to
      have occurred within the carotid territory. Vertebrobasilar ischaemic events were
      responsible for 71 admissions (11.5%). There were 36 cases of primary
      intracerebral haemorrhage (5.8%). This survey has highlighted some aspects of
      stroke requiring further research. These include the elucidation of cortical and
      retinal ischaemic events of unknown aetiology, the possible role of large vessel
      lesions in the pathogenesis of capsular ischaemic events and pathologic
      mechanisms involved in ischaemic events of the vertebrobasilar territory.

PMID- 6576749
TI  - Seasonal variations in serum urate in healthy subjects.

PMID- 6576748
TI  - Pneumopericardium.

PMID- 6576750
TI  - Vitamin B12 deficiency--a new disguise?

PMID- 6576751
TI  - Hypercalcaemia in association with renal failure: the role of immobilisation.
AB  - Hypercalcaemia occurring after ten weeks of immobilisation was observed in four
      adult patients all of whom had had prior renal failure sufficient to require
      renal dialysis. In all patients parathyroid hormone levels were normal or low and
      in three plasma 1,25(OH)2D3 levels were low. These findings are consistent with
      immobilisation induced increases in bone calcium resorption. Renal excretion of
      calcium may have been impaired by renal dysfunction resulting in hypercalcaemia
      and suppression of plasma PTH and 1,25(OH)2D3 levels. Resolution of the
      hypercalcaemia was associated with remobilisation. Parathyroidectomy is
      inappropriate treatment.

PMID- 6576752
TI  - Colorectal cancer: knowledge and attitudes of doctors in victoria.

PMID- 6576753
TI  - Acute aorto-caval fistula: a complication of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
AB  - Three patients, with acute spontaneous aorto-caval fistulae, are described. The
      important aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of these fistulae are discussed
      and the recommended anaesthetic and surgical management presented.

PMID- 6576754
TI  - Buerger's disease of the sigmoid colon.
AB  - Buerger's disease of the sigmoid colon is reported. This is an unusual site of
      involvement by the disease. Review of the literature has revealed only four other
      cases.

PMID- 6576755
TI  - Colorectal cancer at the Princess Alexandra Hospital: a prospective study of 729
      cases.
AB  - The results of treatment of 729 patients with cancer of the large bowel treated
      at the Princess Alexandra Hospital from January 1971 to December 1980 have been
      analysed. The majority (540 patients or 74.1%) presented with symptoms requiring
      investigation, and there was an incidence of acute obstruction of 17.6% (128
      patients). In just over half the patients (55.3%) there was a significant delay
      in diagnosis. The operative mortality rate for curative resections for both
      rectal and colonic cancer was 2.7%. There was no mortality in 24 curative local
      resections for rectal cancer. The resection rate for the whole group was 87.4%
      and the age corrected 5-year survival rates were Dukes' A 99.1%; Dukes' B 78.3%;
      and Dukes' C 32.4%. These results are compared with those reported in a
      retrospective study from this Hospital in 1975 and with those from other
      Australian and overseas centres.

PMID- 6576756
TI  - The EEA stapler in colorectal surgery: a Wellington experience.
AB  - The EEA stapler has been used at Wellington Hospital in 83 patients. The use of
      the instrument in 72 patients with colorectal disease is described. Fifty-one
      patients had malignant disease. Prior bowel preparation and perioperative
      antibiotics were used routinely. A 'low' anastomosis was performed in 26
      patients. Complications relating to the integrity of the anastomosis occurred
      most frequently in low rectal cases and did not appear to be influenced by the
      presence or absence of a diverting colostomy. Tumour clearance was compromised
      (less than two centimetres) in 10 out of 23 patients with 'low' tumours. Two
      staple line recurrences occurred in this group.

PMID- 6576757
TI  - Biliary atresia: review of experience with twenty-three patients.
AB  - Prior to the Kasai procedure of hepatic porto-enterostomy in 1959, biliary
      atresia was a bleak chapter in paediatric surgery. It was only after many years,
      however, that the procedure became widely accepted. During the past 8 years 23
      cases of biliary atresia have been treated at the Royal Alexandra Hospital for
      Children (RAHC). Twenty-one had the noncorrectable type of atresia. Sustained
      drainage was obtained in ten patients, all of whom had the noncorrectable type
      anomaly. Nine are still alive, eight having survived more than one year after
      operation and all are free from jaundice. Cholangitis has been a problem in six
      of these patients and six have evidence of fibrosis or cirrhosis on subsequent
      liver biopsy. Two patients have shown improvement in liver histology since
      operation. Sustained biliary drainage is related to age at operation, the size of
      biliary ductules at the porta and the subsequent development of cholangitis. Long
      term prognosis still remains uncertain.

PMID- 6576758
TI  - Biliary atresia before and after the introduction of the Kasai-type procedure.
AB  - The apparent cure rate of infants with biliary atresia is compared before and
      after the introduction of the Kasai-type procedure. While the operation has been
      criticized for many of its postoperative problems, it still compares favourably
      in terms of the apparent cure rate, i.e. an improvement from 4.5% to 35.3%.

PMID- 6576759
TI  - The role of bone scans in the assessment of prognosis of scaphoid fractures.
AB  - Fifty patients with radiographic evidence of an acute scaphoid fracture were
      studied prospectively. Technetium bone scans were performed on all patients soon
      after injury in an attempt to detect fractures at risk of non-union or avascular
      necrosis. In three patients the scan showed a focal area of decreased
      radionuclide concentration in the region of the proximal pole of scaphoid
      implying avascularity, and each developed the radiographic signs of avascular
      necrosis. Two of these patients, each with a displaced fracture, developed non
      union. Acute fractures of the scaphoid with evidence of avascularity on bone scan
      are at high risk of developing non-union.

PMID- 6576760
TI  - Simultaneous rupture of the lateral ligaments of the knee and the ankle: case
      report.
AB  - A case is described of simultaneous rupture of the lateral ligaments of the knee
      and the ankle from a single incident. Open repair at the knee and plaster
      immobilization at the ankle achieved a good result.

PMID- 6576761
TI  - Candidial osteomyelitis: a case report.
AB  - Candidial osteomyelitis is rare but becoming more common. The spinal column is
      most affected in adults and one such patient is presented. The condition should
      be suspected if bone infection has followed long intensive care, parenteral
      feeding with central venous cannulation, the use of many antibiotics in
      combination and/or concomitant severe eye infection. If diagnosed, correct
      treatment with antifungal agents is curative.

PMID- 6576762
TI  - Diagnosis and Macintosh substitution for chronic anterior cruciate insufficiency.
AB  - Of 45 consecutive knees undergoing MacIntosh fascia lata anterior cruciate
      substitution, only five had accompanying collateral ligament laxity. Over a third
      of cases (16) had more than ten episodes of major instability causing falls to
      the ground pre-operatively. The initial injury caused haemarthrosis, usually
      without external trauma (36), was often accompanied by a sensation of knee
      disruption (18), and was always associated with immediate disability. The results
      of 26 lateral substitution operations with minimum 12 month follow-up show
      abolition of pivot shift jerk in all patients. Incomplete control of objective
      and functional instability postoperatively in four patients may have been related
      to soft tissue stretching associated with early mobilization in a cast-brace or
      generalized ligamentous laxity.

PMID- 6576763
TI  - Meal stimulated neurotensin release following gastric partitioning for morbid
      obesity.
AB  - The meal stimulated neurotensin release was studied in morbidly obese patients in
      whom gastric partitioning was performed as treatment for the obesity. Basal
      neurotensin and the early postprandial response were not altered by the
      operation. However, the late phase response between 60 and 150 min was depressed,
      the integrated response being 1.27 (s.e.m. = 0.22) nmol/l. min postoperatively,
      to 1.66 (s.e.m. = 0.32) nmol/l. min preoperatively (P less than 0.05). As
      neurotensin is a peptide which inhibits gastric acid secretion and stimulates
      pancreatic bicarbonate release, long term ulcerogenic effects of gastric
      partitioning operations should be considered.

PMID- 6576764
TI  - Monocusp aortic valve replacement in dogs: an experimental model.
AB  - Aortic valve replacement using human allograft valves is a well established
      procedure, following which histological evidence of a host-graft interaction is
      seen. This varies in intensity, depending on the types of sterilizing and storage
      agents to which the allograft is exposed prior to insertion. A canine
      experimental model which enables study of these tissue ingrowth patterns in
      variously treated allografts has been devised. The technique is described in
      detail.

PMID- 6576765
TI  - Pulmonary oedema and chronic bronchitis associated with perioperative sepsis.
AB  - The relationship of pulmonary oedema and chronic bronchitis in perioperative
      septic patients has been examined. There is a close association. It appears
      likely that the reason for this association is a reduction of the pulmonary
      vascular capacity due to destructive changes, hypertrophy of muscle within the
      walls of blood vessels and widespread regional hypoxic pulmonary
      vasoconstriction.

PMID- 6576766
TI  - Microsurgical repair of the fallopian tubes.
AB  - The microsurgical techniques used and the results achieved in a series of 27
      patients submitted for fallopian tube repair are presented, the majority
      following elective sterilization.

PMID- 6576767
TI  - Delayed traumatic intracerebral haematoma: case report.
AB  - A case of delayed intracerebral haematoma following closed head injury in a young
      male is reported. The patient was treated surgically with a satisfactory result.
      The problem of the unsuspected delayed traumatic intracerebral haematoma is
      highlighted.

PMID- 6576768
TI  - Extrusion of peritoneal catheter through neck incision: a rare complication of
      ventriculoperitoneal shunting.
AB  - Extrusion of the peritoneal catheter through the neck incision is reported in a
      man who, 14 months previously, had a ventriculoperitoneal shunt inserted for
      obstructive hydrocephalus. Exteriorization of CSF shunt chambers and tubing is an
      unusual complication of shunting, with extrusion through healed surgical
      incisions being rare. The authors review the causative factors, and consider
      aspects of surgical technique that may obviate this complication.

PMID- 6576769
TI  - Leiomyosarcoma of the parotid gland.
AB  - An unusual case of leiomyosarcoma of the parotid gland is reported. The tumour
      recurred thrice and metastasized to one of the adjacent lymph nodes.
      Histologically, a leiomyosarcoma in the salivary gland closely resembles a tumour
      of myoepithelial cells origin but lacks the dual cell morphology seen in the
      latter.

PMID- 6576770
TI  - Popliteal aneurysms.
AB  - Although popliteal aneurysm is reportedly common, there are few series reporting
      large numbers, and little uniformity in the method of treatment. Review of 52
      popliteal aneurysms in this series showed that when thromboembolic complications
      occurred, the amputation rate was 28 per cent. When the aneurysm was patent at
      presentation, amputation was the outcome in one in 20 cases (5 per cent),
      indicating that repair is not without risk. An unsatisfactory outcome was usually
      caused by excessive delay before reconstructive arterial surgery was undertaken.
      In most cases delay was caused by failure to recognize the presence of the
      popliteal aneurysm. This review confirms the susceptibility of elderly males and
      emphasizes the need for considering the diagnosis of popliteal aneurysm in cases
      of acute lower limb ischaemia. Alternative presentations include spontaneous
      venous thrombosis, pain and swelling behind the knee, rupture and mycotic
      infection.

PMID- 6576771
TI  - Hydatid disease: epidemiology and pathology.
AB  - Information regarding the epidemiology and pathology of Echinococcus granulosus
      in Australasia is not well presented in standard surgical textbooks. This review
      presents the basic science of E. granulosus in Australasia, emphasizing those
      areas which are not well known, are misunderstood, or are of particular relevance
      to current surgical practice.

PMID- 6576772
TI  - Mortality, morbidity and survival after colectomy for colon cancer.
AB  - Between 1971 and 1980, 346 patients had a carcinoma of the colon resected.
      Seventy-seven patients had an urgent operation with a hospital mortality of
      13.3%; 269 patients had an elective operation with a mortality of 3.8%. Three
      patients died as a result of anastomotic leakage. Other complications were
      thromboembolism (2%) and wound infection (14.5%). The overall median survival was
      28.4 months and 57 months following curative resection. The clinicopathological
      staging system used identified 28% of patients as incurable at the time of
      resection.

PMID- 6576773
TI  - Primary pull-through as definitive treatment of short colon associated with
      imperforate anus.

PMID- 6576774
TI  - Multiple or sequential oestrogen receptor assays in breast cancer.
AB  - Multiple oestrogen receptor assays have been performed on primary, locally
      recurrent, and metastatic breast cancer in 62 patients. A change in receptor
      status was found in seven of 25 late recurrences (28%). It was noted that the
      level of oestrogen receptor was higher in lymph nodes than the primary tumour,
      particularly at the time of initial surgery. Other factors which might contribute
      to differences in receptor levels include site of metastases, method of handling,
      heterogeneity of tumours, and subsequent treatment. Such differences have
      important implications in management.

PMID- 6576775
TI  - Chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer.
AB  - Twenty-eight patients with inoperable or metastatic gastric cancer were treated
      with combination chemotherapy using 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and mitomycin-C
      (FAM). Twenty-one patients had measurable disease parameters and 57 per cent of
      these experienced a major regression of disease following chemotherapy. The
      median survival of the responding patients was 13.2 months compared with 6.8
      months in the group who did not achieve a major response. These results
      demonstrate the sensitivity of gastric carcinoma to this drug combination.

PMID- 6576776
TI  - Wound infection rates after gastric surgery in a Melbourne hospital.
AB  - In four groups of 25 patients in whom perioperative prophylactic antibiotics were
      not used, the wound infection rates after partial gastrectomy were 40% in gastric
      cancer, 44% in chronic gastric ulcer, 24% in chronic duodenal ulcer and after
      trunkal vagotomy and pyloroplasty, the wound infection rate was 12%. In gastric
      cancer and chronic gastric ulcer, most wound infections were caused by
      enterobacteria, while in chronic duodenal ulcer almost all infections were caused
      by Staphylococcus aureus. Appropriate short-term perioperative prophylactic
      antibiotic use is likely to decrease wound sepsis rate in patients who have a
      gastric resection in the presence of gastric cancer or gastric ulcer.

PMID- 6576777
TI  - Tuberculous lymphadenopathy: a review of results of surgical treatment.
AB  - Eighty consecutive cases of tuberculous lymphadenopathy confirmed by histological
      examination were reviewed. Fifty-five cases (69%) were followed up for more than
      two years. Excluding twelve cases with incomplete chemotherapy, the results of
      treatment by combined surgery and chemotherapy in the remaining 43 cases were
      analysed. Twelve cases had complete excision of all grossly involved lymph nodes;
      all did well. Twenty-one cases had only representative lymph nodes biopsied for
      diagnosis, five of them (24%) required a second operation--three for abscess
      formation and two for progressive enlargement of the residual lymph nodes. Seven
      cases of tuberculous abscesses were treated by a simple drainage procedure, and
      despite chemotherapy, all had persistent wound discharge for over one month which
      required a second operation to remove the underlying caseating lymph nodes.
      Results suggest that all easily accessible tuberculous lymph nodes should be
      removed and that persistent discharging sinuses should also be treated by
      surgery.

PMID- 6576778
TI  - Towards better delineation and complete excision of preauricular sinus.
AB  - Excision of preauricular sinus by conventional methods is prone to recurrences.
      The injection of methylene blue into the tract, followed by purse-string closure
      of its orifice three days prior to the operation, together with the addition of a
      posterior drain has resulted in only one recurrence out of the 34 sinuses
      excised. The cosmetic result is satisfactory.

PMID- 6576779
TI  - Urology microscalpel: a simple direct vision optical urethrotome.

PMID- 6576780
TI  - A two limb side-to-side reservoir for the continent ileostomy: an experiment
      study in dogs.
AB  - A simple side-to-side terminal ileal reservoir was constructed proximal to a
      continent nipple valve in five dogs using the gastrointestinal anastomosis
      autosuture stapling device. The reservoir was found to dilate and was able to
      accommodate large volumes with minimal rise in basal pressure.

PMID- 6576781
TI  - Cysticercosis of the breast.

PMID- 6576782
TI  - Paraplegia with thalassaemia.
AB  - A case is reported of spinal cord compression resulting from extramedullary
      haemopoiesis in a patient with thalassaemia. A 28-year-old woman with beta
      thalassaemia intermedia presented with a two week history of paraparesis with
      bladder and bowel incontinence. Recovery followed laminectomy and the removal of
      haemopoietic tissue in the spinal epidural space. This is a rare complication and
      only eight cases have been reported in the literature.

PMID- 6576783
TI  - Migration of K562 cells and its inhibition by lymphokines.
AB  - Cells of the human myelogenous line K562 migrate from glass capillaries to the
      glass or plastic surface of culture flasks in the presence of RPMI 1640. Like
      macrophages they form a halo around the opening of the capillary. Migration is
      inhibited by lymphokine-containing supernatants from mixed lymphocyte culture
      (MLC). Concanavalin A stimulated lymphocytes and from several cell lines.

PMID- 6576784
TI  - The protective action of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha on antibody induced
      myocardial lesions: morphological studies.
AB  - Optic and electron microscopical investigations as well as histochemical
      investigations were performed in rats which have intraperitoneally received an
      anti-rat serum together with either PGE2 or PGF2 alpha, in order to study the
      effect of these prostaglandins on antibody-induced myocardial lesions. PGE2 and,
      especially, PGF2 alpha were found to considerably prevent the myocardium against
      these lesions (mononuclear cell infiltration, interstitial and intracellular
      hyperhydration, disintegration of myofibrils, vacuolization of sarcoplasmic
      reticulum, mitochondrial swelling and degradation, lysosomal activation and
      disruption of myocardial sarcolemmas and blood capillary membranes). Their
      protective actions were revealed in animals killed 24 h and 6 days after the
      administration of anti-rat immunoglobulins.

PMID- 6576785
TI  - Neuromedin K: a novel mammalian tachykinin identified in porcine spinal cord.
AB  - A new peptide, designated "neuromedin K" has been discovered and isolated from
      porcine spinal cord by using bioassays for a tachykinin-like effect on the
      contractility of smooth muscle preparation from guinea-pig ileum. Porcine
      neuromedin K has been identified by microsequencing as: Asp-Met-His-Asp-Phe-Phe
      Val-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2. The sequence thus determined has been confirmed by
      synthesis. Neuromedin K has been found to have not only a remarkable sequence
      homology to kassinin and substance P, but also a prompt stimulant activity on
      guinea-pig ileum in a manner similar to that of substance P, suggesting that
      neuromedin K may be involved in neural transmission.

PMID- 6576786
TI  - Induction of differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells by retinol: possible
      mechanisms.
AB  - Retinol, like retinoic acid, can induce differentiation of two embryonal
      carcinoma cell lines. These cells contain the specific retinol binding proteins
      in the cytosolic fractions. No correlation was found between the levels of
      binding activity and the effectiveness of retinol to induce differentiation.
      Microsomal fractions of embryonal carcinoma cells catalyse mannosyl transfer from
      GDP-mannose to retinyl phosphate. The formation of mannosyl retinyl phosphate
      appears a constitutive property and can be a mechanism by which retinoids induce
      early cell surface changes during differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells.

PMID- 6576787
TI  - Fate of aclacinomycin-A and its metabolites effect on cell growth and
      macromolecular synthesis.
AB  - The relationship between the structure and activity of aclacinomycin-A (ACM)
      metabolites was investigated in vitro in Friend leukaemia cells (FLC). The
      cytotoxic effect was related to the ease with which ACM and its metabolites
      accumulate in the nucleus. Cellular uptake and nuclear incorporation are
      influenced by the hexopyranoses linked to aklavinone (AKV) and by the two methyls
      linked to the L-rhodosamine amino groups. The effect of ACM and its metabolites
      on macromolecular synthesis depended on the drug concentrations and the exposure
      time. ACM was the most active in the inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis whereas
      it had no direct effect on protein synthesis even at high drug concentrations.
      When cells were treated for a short time with low drug concentrations (1 microM),
      RNA synthesis was inhibited to a greater extent than DNA synthesis. But when
      incubated for longer periods, inhibition of DNA synthesis increased further. RNA
      and DNA syntheses were both inhibited to about the same extent only when cells
      were exposed to the higher drug concentrations (10 microM). We conclude therefore
      that at low drug concentrations the effect on DNA synthesis is probably a
      consequence of RNA synthesis inhibition. The early DNA synthesis inhibition which
      occurs at higher drug concentrations may result from the direct action on the
      cellular genome.

PMID- 6576788
TI  - [Message from the President of the Pediatrics Section].

PMID- 6576789
TI  - Surgical treatment of congenital heart disease in infancy: why, when, what?

PMID- 6576790
TI  - [Tonsils, adenoids and related problems: use and abuse of ventilation tubes].

PMID- 6576791
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of juvenile diabetes].

PMID- 6576792
TI  - Cystic fibrosis of the pancreas presenting as metabolic alkalosis.

PMID- 6576793
TI  - [Pediatric electrocardiography (pericarditis)].

PMID- 6576794
TI  - C.T. diagnosis: hydranencephaly.

PMID- 6576795
TI  - [Pathology review. Eosinopilic grauloma].

PMID- 6576796
TI  - Sonography quiz. Sarcoma Botryodies.

PMID- 6576798
TI  - Guidance on general anesthesia and sedation.

PMID- 6576797
TI  - [Effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on biliary secretion in the rat].
AB  - The effects of PGF2 alpha on biliary secretion of rats have been investigated.
      PGF2 alpha' at the dose of 100 micrograms/kg, produces a choleretic activity
      during the first 20 min after the injection. The effects are discussed by
      comparison to those observed in dogs, where a mechanism involving the canicolar
      level has been hypothesized.

PMID- 6576799
TI  - Light-cured composite resins and lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 6576800
TI  - Variation among dentists in planning treatment.

PMID- 6576801
TI  - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

PMID- 6576802
TI  - Candidal invasion of dentine complicating hypodontia.

PMID- 6576803
TI  - Lingual split technique. Damage to inferior alveolar and lingual nerves during
      removal of impacted mandibular third molars.

PMID- 6576804
TI  - Social skills and dentistry.

PMID- 6576805
TI  - Reversal by prostaglandin E2 infusion of the effects of indomethacin on the
      excretion of nitrogenous compounds in the rat.
AB  - Rats were treated with Indomethacin (Indo; 2 mg/kg/d) with or without concomitant
      infusion of prostaglandin (PG)E2 (100 micrograms/d) to investigate the effects of
      inhibition of PG synthesis and PG replacement on the urinary excretion of total
      nitrogenous compounds, urea and creatinine and on the plasma concentration of
      urea and creatinine. The results indicated: (1) Indo significantly reduced the
      urine excretion of nitrogen, urea and creatinine within 48 hours of drug
      administration. (2) This effect was reversible on stopping the drug. (3) PGE2
      infusion completely reversed the effect on urine creatinine and partly reversed
      the effects on urinary nitrogen and urea excretion. (4) Plasma urea
      concentrations were reduced by Indo and remained low during PGE2 infusion whereas
      plasma creatinine progressively increased during the study. The results support
      the hypotheses: (1) that Indo reduces the renal excretion of end products of
      nitrogen metabolism by inhibition of endogenous PG production and (2) that
      production of urea and therefore protein and amino acid metabolism is altered by
      Indo treatment in addition to its renal action.

PMID- 6576806
TI  - Biosynthesis of ferritin subunits from different cell lines of HL-60 human
      promyelocytic leukaemia cells and the release of acidic isoferritin-inhibitory
      activity against normal granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells.
AB  - Biosynthesis of acidic isoferritins was investigated in human promyelocytic HL-60
      cells, characterized by diploid (2C), tetraploid (4C) and mixed diploid-
      tetraploid (2C-4C) DNA cell lines. The three cell lines were studied for the
      biosynthesis of ferritin and its subunits and for the release of acidic
      isoferritin-inhibitory activity against normal CFU-GM before and after addition
      of DMSO. While the tetraploid and mixed diploid--tetraploid cell lines
      synthesized more H-(Mr = 21) than L-subunits (Mr = 19) after induction, the
      tetraploid line synthesized more H-subunit before and after induction, compared
      to the diploid line. The release of acidic isoferritin-inhibitory activity was
      greater before than after induction in both cell lines, but the tetraploid cell
      line released more acidic isoferritin-inhibitory activity consistent with its
      greater production of Mr = 21 subunit. However, after induction no inhibitory
      activity could be detected from the diploid cells and much less activity was
      detected with the tetraploid cells, suggesting that differentiation caused a
      decrease in production of acidic isoferritin-inhibitory activity.

PMID- 6576807
TI  - Controlled study comparing vaginal prostaglandin E2 pessaries with intravenous
      oxytocin for the stimulation of labour after spontaneous rupture of the
      membranes.
AB  - In a prospective randomized study, 36 patients with spontaneous rupture of the
      membranes of greater than or equal to 4 h duration were stimulated with 3 mg
      vaginal prostaglandin E2 pessaries or intravenous oxytocin. Oxytocin stimulation
      was associated with shorter labours and a lower incidence of abnormal cervimetric
      progress. Of the patients given prostaglandin pessaries, 40% required a second
      dose after 4 h for slow progress; 45% of the primigravidae subsequently developed
      abnormal labour which was corrected by augmentation with oxytocin in all cases.
      One caesarean section was carried out for disproportion, and the remaining 35
      patients were delivered vaginally. Prostaglandin pessaries were not associated
      with an increased incidence of hyperstimulation or sepsis. In conclusion,
      although PGE2 pessaries are safe in spontaneous rupture of the membranes,
      intravenous oxytocin is more efficient in stimulating labour.

PMID- 6576808
TI  - Association of human gamma chain with class II transplantation antigens during
      intracellular transport.
AB  - Cell surface expressed human and murine class II transplantation antigens are
      composed of two polypeptide chains called alpha and beta. During intracellular
      transport an invariant chain, provisionally called gamma, is associated with the
      class II antigen chains. Since gamma chains leave the endoplasmic reticulum only
      when associated with alpha and beta chains, we have studied the intracellular
      transport of the gamma chain and its possible cell surface expression.
      Modifications of the carbohydrate moieties of the gamma chain during
      intracellular transport were also examined. The gamma chain appears to contain
      two Asn-linked carbohydrate moieties and maybe also one or more Ser/Thr-linked
      carbohydrates. At all times during the pulse-chase experiments core glycosylated
      gamma chains resolved into two distinct spots on two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis. The occurrence of core-glycosylated gamma chains was expected
      since more gamma chains than alpha and beta chains exist in the endoplasmic
      reticulum. Terminally glycosylated, alpha, beta, and gamma chains emerged
      simultaneously supporting the idea that the three types of chains are brought to
      the Golgi complex bound to each other. However, terminal glycosylation is
      temporally related to the dissociation of the gamma chain from the alpha and beta
      chains. Since isolated plasma membranes contained molecules indistinguishable
      from gamma chains, it is concluded that gamma chains are transported together
      with class II antigens from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex. After
      dissociation, class II antigens and some, if not all, gamma chains seem to become
      independently integrated into the plasma membrane.

PMID- 6576809
TI  - The use of tritium exchange to detect conformational differences between
      intermediates in catalysis by the enzyme rhodanese.
AB  - Tritium-exchange experiments have been performed on enzyme forms related to
      obligatory catalytic intermediates in the rhodanese reaction: the free enzyme, E,
      and the sulfur-substituted enzyme, ES. Under the experimental conditions used,
      each form displayed tritium-exchange behavior that can be interpreted in terms of
      at least three classes of exchangeable sites. Class I with a t 1/2 approximately
      equal to 180 min and Class II with a t 1/2 approximately equal to 15 min were
      present in both E and ES. The conversion of ES to E has the effect of changing
      approx. 50 protons from the slow Class I behavior to exchange at a rate too fast
      to measure (Class III). These results are consistent with a conformational change
      on conversion of rhodanese from ES to E. The fact that a large number of protons
      are involved together with the very large change in exchange rate might indicate
      that extended areas of the protein change contact with the solvent, and would be
      compatible with a model for rhodanese catalysis that includes a coupled
      conformational change.

PMID- 6576810
TI  - Purification and partial characterization of arylsulphatase C from human
      placental microsomes.
AB  - Arylsulphatase C (EC 3.1.6.1) has been purified 300-fold from human placental
      microsomes using a four step procedure involving solubilization with Triton X
      100, chromatography on hydroxyapatite, column chromatofocussing and ion-exchange
      chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose. The purified enzyme is electrophoretically
      homogeneous and has a molecular weight of 440 000 as determined by polyacrylamide
      gradient gel electrophoresis. On analysis of the preparation by polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate a polypeptide of
      molecular weight 74 000 was observed, suggesting that the enzyme as purified may
      be a hexamer. The behaviour of the enzyme during chromatofocussing indicates the
      enzyme has a pI of 6.56. Steroid sulphatase, as measured by activity towards
      dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, co-purifies with arylsulphatase C suggesting
      that both activities are due to a single enzyme.

PMID- 6576811
TI  - [Cellular localization of adenyl cyclase activated by histamine and prostaglandin
      E2 in rat gastric mucosa and their role in regulation of gastric secretion].
AB  - It was shown that cimetidine, the inhibitor of H2-receptors of histamine, does
      not affect the activation of adenylate cyclase by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in rat
      gastric mucosa homogenate. At the same time cimetidine completely inhibits the
      stimulating effect of histamine on the adenylate cyclase activity. Using isolated
      rat gastric cells separated into fractions rich (to 90%) and poor (up to 25%) of
      parietal cells, it was demonstrated that the prostaglandin-stimulated adenylate
      cyclase is localized in the non-parietal (presumably mucoid) cells, while the
      histamine-sensitive one is localized in parietal acid-producing cells. The
      mechanisms of histamine and PGE2 action are discussed and a scheme of
      participation of these substances in regulation of gastric secretion is proposed.

PMID- 6576812
TI  - Transfer of 3H-cortisone and 3H-cortisol between the amniotic, allantoic, and
      fetal blood compartments in the rabbit at day 25 of gestation.
AB  - We have examined the rate of disappearance and the form of the radiolabel
      following the injection of either [1,2-3H]-cortisone (3H-E) or [1,2,6,7,n-3H]
      cortisol (3H-F) into the amniotic sac of rabbits at day 25 of gestation. The half
      life of 3H-E was approximately 35 min and was very much shorter than that of 3H
      F. Concurrent with the disappearance of 3H-E was an increase in the amount of
      tritium in both the allantoic and the fetal blood compartments. Whereas following
      injection of 3H-E there was a rapid conversion of E to F that was reflected in
      all three compartments, following injection of 3H-F the vast majority of the
      tritium label remained as F. We conclude that amniotic E may act as a ready
      source of fetal F.

PMID- 6576813
TI  - Erythroid blast crisis in chronic myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Blood or bone marrow specimens from 22 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia
      in blast crisis were studied for the surface expression of glycophorin-A, a
      marker for early erythroid differentiation. The leukemic blasts were stained with
      rabbit anti-glycophorin-A antiserum. The glycophorin-A molecules detected by the
      rabbit antiserum were identified by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis of
      the immunoprecipitates from the membrane lysates of surface-labeled blasts.
      Blasts expressing surface glycophorin-A were found in 9 of the 22 patients. In 4
      patients, almost all blasts were glycophorin-A positive, and in 5 patients, less
      than half of the blast population expressed glycophorin-A. The present study
      shows that when glycophorin-A is used as a marker for erythroid blasts,
      involvement of the erythroid lineage during blast crisis of chronic myelogenous
      leukemia seems to occur more frequently than previously recognized.

PMID- 6576815
TI  - Early antiviral antibody response after immunization with viral oncolysate: a
      powerful prognostic marker for acute myelogenous leukemia remission patients.
AB  - Twenty-four acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients in first clinical remission
      received, as a part of their maintenance therapy, repeated injections of viral
      oncolysate (i.e., avian influenza virus-infected, formalin-inactivated,
      allogeneic leukemia cells). The anti-oncolysate-virus antibody responses after a
      single injection, tested by a radioimmunoassay, were in inverse correlation to
      the remission duration (p less than or equal to 0.01). The 25% of patients with
      the lowest responses had a median remission duration of more than 36 mo, with no
      relapses within the first 18 mo. In contrast, the 75% of patients with higher
      responses had a median remission time of less than 5 mo, and more than 80%
      relapsed within 18 mo. Despite the small number of patients, these differences
      are highly significant (p less than or equal to 0.001). Immunization of remission
      AML patients with viral oncolysate provides a powerful prognostic test. Most
      early relapses can be predicted, with a modest rate of false-positive and false
      negative predictions.

PMID- 6576814
TI  - Comparison of chemotherapy with immunotherapy for maintenance of acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia in children and adults.
AB  - Two hundred and seventeen patients, 1-50 yr old, with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia in complete remission were randomized to receive a 1-yr consolidation
      chemotherapy of either type P, comprising 7 different drugs, or type M,
      consisting of methotrexate interspersed with prednisone and vincristine.
      Thereafter, they were randomized a second time to receive a 4-yr maintenance of
      either chemotherapy or immunotherapy, comprised of allogeneic blasts and bacillus
      Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Consolidation P caused more toxicity than consolidation M.
      However, comparison between the consolidation therapies P and M showed no
      significant difference, neither for disease-free interval nor for duration of
      survival. Chemotherapy showed more lethal toxicity in adults than in children.
      Comparison between chemotherapy (C) and immunotherapy (I) as maintenance
      treatment showed a significant (p = 0.016) superiority of C for disease-free
      interval (DFI). The difference was even more pronounced (p = 0.009) in the group
      with less than 8 g/dl of hemoglobin (Hb) at diagnosis before therapy. On the
      other hand, for patients with more than 8 g/dl Hb at diagnosis, presumably those
      with T-ALL, no difference in DFI was seen. No difference has been seen so far
      between maintenance therapies I and C concerning the duration of survival. The
      patients who were receiving maintenance I when they relapsed and who were
      consequently retreated by chemotherapy, survived longer from relapse than those
      patients retreated for relapse while receiving maintenance C.

PMID- 6576816
TI  - Studies on mitochondrial and cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase in childhood
      myelodysplastic syndrome.
AB  - Three cases of uncommon childhood hematologic disorders are reported. At
      presentation, one patient had refractory anemia with an excess of blasts (RAEB)
      with partial 7-monosomy and was reclassified into RAEB "in transformation"
      thereafter. Another case was diagnosed as acute myelogenous leukemia with
      complete 7-monosomy. The other case was diagnosed as RAEB "in transformation"
      without chromosome aberrations. The cytogenetic studies of the patients with 7
      monosomy revealed abnormal karyotypes on bone marrow cells, but normal karyotypes
      on peripheral blood cells. Polymorphonuclear cells from the two patients with 7
      monosomy revealed reduced mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase activity, but those
      from the patient with RAEB "in transformation" without chromosome aberrations did
      not. Cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase activity, having been defined as located on
      chromosome 2, was within the normal range in those three patients. The decreased
      mitochondrial enzyme activity in the two patients with 7-monosomy would be a
      dosage effect of the chromosome aberration, but not caused by their hematologic
      disorders. The level of mitochondrial enzyme activity in the patients with 7
      monosomy was reduced in polymorphonuclear cells, but not in mononuclear cells in
      peripheral blood. This fact would indicate that such chromosome evolution had
      involved myeloid cells only, but not lymphoid cells. Both enzymes from leukemic
      cells of four patients with active disease revealed much higher activities than
      controls, an expression of partially enhanced oxidative phosphorylation.

PMID- 6576817
TI  - Iron storage in ferritin following intracellular hemoglobin denaturation in
      erythroleukemic cells.
AB  - Murine erythroleukemia (MEL) and human K-562 cell lines were cultured in the
      presence of 57Fe, and the quantities of cellular iron-containing compounds were
      determined with the aid of Mossbauer spectroscopy. Upon induction of
      differentiation, both ferritin-iron and hemoglobin (Hb) iron could be detected.
      Treatment of the cells with 0.01%-0.02% acetylphenylhydrazine (APH) resulted in
      gradual denaturation of Hb and incorporation of the released Hb-iron into
      ferritin. Following treatment with APH, the ratio of Hb-57Fe to ferritin-57Fe
      decreased from 2.6 to 0.2 in MEL cells and from 0.56 to 0.12 in K-562 cells. No
      change was observed in the total intracellular iron. Using fluorescence ELISA, an
      increased level of immunologically detectable ferritin was found in
      hemoglobinized K-562 cells treated with APH, as compared to the amount of
      ferritin found in untreated cells. Ferritin may thus function not only as an
      intermediate during Hb synthesis, but also as storage protein for iron released
      during Hb denaturation.

PMID- 6576818
TI  - Association of partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 16 and bone marrow
      eosinophilia in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6576819
TI  - Use of monoclonal antibodies as a diagnostic tool in human leukemia. I. Acute
      myeloid leukemia and acute phase of chronic myeloid leukemia.
AB  - Various monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) detecting certain different epitopes on
      myeloid cells (VIMD5, D5 D6, OKM1, Leu-M3, VIEG4, OKIa 1) have been used in
      combination with conventional markers (antihuman myeloid hetero-antiserum, FcIgG
      receptors, C3d-receptors) to further define the phenotypic heterogeneity of
      myeloid leukemia. Subsequent leukemic samples from previously untreated patients
      with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (51 adults, 24 children) and from nine adult
      patients in the acute phase of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-BC) were studied. It
      was possible to demonstrate quantitative differences in the expression of
      antigens on the various leukemia subtypes which could be exploited for diagnosis.
      Furthermore our results revealed that there is a very close correlation between
      the different surface phenotypes and the types morphologically assessed according
      to FAB-criteria.

PMID- 6576820
TI  - [Dentinogenesis in teeth subjected to indirect capping using sodium diclofenac].

PMID- 6576821
TI  - [Studies on the cavernous portion of the pterygoid venous plexus and its relation
      to the system of parapharyngeal spaces or fissures. II. Morphological studies].

PMID- 6576822
TI  - [Results of the prevention of post-radiotherapy caries using a topical
      application of sodium fluoride gel in 179 subjects].

PMID- 6576823
TI  - [The pulp in dentinogenesis imperfecta].

PMID- 6576825
TI  - How a dental museum - built and staffed by dental students - helps generate
      interest in dental history.

PMID- 6576824
TI  - [Histological contribution to studies on the relation existing between caries and
      tartar].

PMID- 6576826
TI  - Ancient references to dentistry and "biblical bites".

PMID- 6576827
TI  - Sequential parenteral oral antibiotic therapy for serious infections.

PMID- 6576828
TI  - The inhibitory quotient.

PMID- 6576829
TI  - Antibiotic tissue penetration.

PMID- 6576830
TI  - Prodrugs and outpatient medical practice.

PMID- 6576831
TI  - A comparison of the pharmacokinetics of bacampicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin,
      and cyclacillin: oral administration in infants and children.

PMID- 6576832
TI  - Bacampicillin HCl in the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis.

PMID- 6576833
TI  - Bacampicillin in the treatment of acute sinusitis and bronchopulmonary disease.

PMID- 6576834
TI  - Bacampicillin in therapy of lower respiratory infections.

PMID- 6576835
TI  - Bacampicillin treatment of pneumococcal pneumonia in high risk patients.

PMID- 6576837
TI  - The settling of denture bases.

PMID- 6576836
TI  - Bacampicillin in chronic bronchitis: clinical experience.

PMID- 6576838
TI  - A method to harness the earning power of money--a generic presentation.

PMID- 6576839
TI  - Cervical ripening.
AB  - When induction of labour is being considered the first step should be to assess
      the cervical score. If this is low, the gestational age should be confirmed since
      an unripe cervix is normal in earlier pregnancy and there may be a mistake in the
      patient's dates. If the maturity is confirmed, the choice lies between delivering
      the baby and waiting. Few genuine indications for induction change by waiting and
      increased risks may occur by postponing the date of delivery. The choice may then
      lie between elective caesarean section or amniotomy and intravenous oxytocin with
      an unripe cervix on the one hand, and cervical ripening before induction of
      labour on the other (Lancet, 1979). The last course has many advantages to
      commend it. There is still much to be learnt about cervical ripening. The success
      of the prostaglandins suggests that they may be the agents of choice at present.
      The ideal preparation would be one that could be administered vaginally to ripen
      the cervix without inducing uterine contractions. A major problem to date has
      been the absence of a commercially available PGE2 preparation for local use and
      this has necessitated the formulation of home-made gels and pessaries by
      individual hospital pharmacies. However, recently Prostin E2 vaginal tablets
      (each containing dinoprostone 3 mg) have been marketed and initial studies
      (Stewart et al, 1983) have shown promising results.

PMID- 6576840
TI  - Are eating disorders forms of affective disorder?

PMID- 6576842
TI  - Tracking the tooth fairy: conclusion.

PMID- 6576841
TI  - Giant metastasis from prostatic neoplasm mimicking osteogenic sarcoma.

PMID- 6576843
TI  - Phase locking of the respiratory rhythm in cats to a mechanical ventilator.
AB  - Mechanical ventilation of paralyzed, pentobarbital-anesthetized adult cats was
      performed while recording phrenic nerve activity. The periodic changes in lung
      volume owing to mechanical ventilation affected the rhythm of central respiratory
      activity, resulting in a variety of regular and irregular patterns of coupling
      between respiratory system output, monitored by phrenic activity, and the
      mechanical ventilator. Phase-locked patterns, in which phrenic burst onset
      occurred at specific and repetitive phase(s) of the mechanical ventilator, with
      ratios of ventilator frequency: phrenic burst frequency of 1:2, 1:1, 3:2, 2:1,
      and 3:1 were observed. Regular and irregular patterns occurred over specific
      ranges of frequency and volume of the mechanical ventilator. A careful study was
      made of the 1:1 phase locking as the frequency and inflation volume of the
      mechanical ventilator were changed. The inspiratory time (TI) was defined as the
      interval between the time when phrenic activity began to rise and the onset of
      its rapid decline, and the expiratory time (TE) as the time between inspirations.
      In the 1:1 phase-locking region, as the frequency of the ventilator was increased
      both TI and TE decreased, and the phase of phrenic onset in the ventilator cycle
      changed. During ventilation with frequencies higher than the intrinsic phrenic
      frequency (initial burst frequency of phrenic activity with the ventilator turned
      off) inspiratory activity was prematurely terminated by lung inflation (Hering
      Breuer inspiratory inhibitory reflex). During ventilation with frequencies lower
      than the intrinsic phrenic frequency, the onset of phrenic activity was delayed
      (TE was prolonged) by lung inflation (Hering-Breuer expiratory promoting reflex).

PMID- 6576844
TI  - [Development of the risk of infection in the child with leukemia].
AB  - Infection is the leading cause of illness and death in children with leukemia.
      The risk of infection may change over time as regimens of therapy are modified. A
      review of the hospital charts of 166 infants in whom leukemia had been diagnosed
      between 1976 and 1980 revealed an increased number of deep fungal infections (20
      v. 3) during this period in comparison with the number between 1969 and 1976 in
      164 patients treated at the same hospital whose leukemia was diagnosed between
      1969 and 1975. The 20 severe fungal infections between 1976 and 1980 were
      characterized by difficulty of diagnosis (a definite diagnosis having been made
      three times out of four only at autopsy), an important role of Candida but also
      of Aspergillus (the latter having been isolated almost as often as the former)
      and a grave prognosis (the mortality being very high [75%] and much above that
      for gram-positive septicemia [6%] and that for gram-negative septicemia [31%]).
      This increase in frequency of fungal infections was concurrent with the
      introduction of phase-1 chemotherapy, which was often responsible for prolonged
      neutropenia. To reduce the risk of infection in children with leukemia it appears
      to be essential to improve diagnostic methods and approaches to therapy.

PMID- 6576845
TI  - Acute leukemia secondary to multiple myeloma.

PMID- 6576846
TI  - Chronic liver disease in children with leukemia in long-term remission.
AB  - Liver disease during chemotherapy and after its completion was studied in 103
      leukemic children in long-term remission. Seventy developed chronic liver disease
      during therapy; 22 out of 56 with adequate follow-up showed persisting
      abnormality or deterioration of liver function after stopping therapy. In 38
      studied prospectively, biopsies were obtained at treatment withdrawal. Five
      showed chronic lobular, 17 chronic persistent, 9 chronic active hepatitis whereas
      7 had minimal changes. These children had transiently detectable serum hepatitis
      B virus (HBV) markers during (44.4%), at completion of (7.8%) and subsequent to
      (48.3%) chemotherapy. Serum HBV markers correlated significantly with both
      severity of histologic changes (P less than 0.05) and persistent biochemical
      abnormalities for over 6 months after treatment suspension (P less than 0.001).
      No direct relationship was found between drug administration and liver damage.
      The data from the study suggest that in leukemic children viral infections
      contribute to chronic liver damage, which can jeopardize the long-term prognosis
      of acute leukemia.

PMID- 6576847
TI  - Remission of acute myelogenous leukemia in elderly patients with prior refractory
      dysmyelopoietic anemia.
AB  - Refractory dysmyelopoietic anemia (RDA) is a myeloproliferative disorder usually
      of elderly patients which often evolves into acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).
      AML in such patients is usually considered untreatable with standard aggressive
      chemotherapy in part because these patients are often elderly, but primarily
      because of the concern that the bone marrow of these patients no longer has a
      residual stem cell to repopulate the bone marrow following chemotherapy-induced
      aplasia. The authors treated three patients (ages 72, 69, and 62 years,
      respectively) with intensive chemotherapy after RDA evolved into AML. Each
      patient had been pancytopenic for 3 to 15 months prior to their transition to
      AML. At the onset of therapy for AML, all were severely pancytopenic with greater
      than 50% myeloblasts in the bone marrow. All patients had bone marrow aplasia by
      day 14 after chemotherapy with a complete bone marrow remission and normal
      peripheral counts by day 26. These data suggest that intensive chemotherapy of
      AML with prior RDA may result in complete bone marrow remission.

PMID- 6576848
TI  - Ph1-positive acute myelocytic leukemia with high TdT levels.
AB  - The authors have determined TdT levels in a case of Ph1-positive AML. Peripheral
      blood cells and bone marrow cells taken during the various phases of the disease
      were examined. Liquor cells were analyzed when symptomatic central nervous system
      involvement occurred. High TdT levels were found in all of the phases of the
      disease including the liquor. TdT eluted at various isoelectric points indicating
      a shifting of the activity to greater molarity during progress of the disease.
      Two different forms of TdT were present in the liquor. The authors speculate
      about the existence of a relation between TdT levels and Ph1-positive leukemia.
      They point out the importance of TdT levels as functional criterion of remission
      in acute leukemia. Finally, the existence of different forms of TdT could be the
      expression of a clonal selection caused by therapy or of a spontaneous clonal
      competition.

PMID- 6576849
TI  - Malignant and reactive erythroblasts in erythroleukemia (M6).
AB  - A cytogenetic and cytological study of 16 cases of erythroleukemia (M6) is
      reported. No chromosomal abnormalities were observed in 10 cases. Abnormalities
      were present in the other 6 cases, of which 4 were complex abnormalities. It was
      not possible to establish any correlation between the occurrence of morphologic
      abnormalities of the erythroid and megakaryocyte-platelet series and the presence
      of cytogenetic defects. Studies of mitoses by cytologic and cytogenetic methods
      concurrently performed in some cases suggest that two types of erythroleukemia
      can be distinguished: (1) cases with chromosomal abnormalities and a persistence
      of erythroblast mitoses in vitro (which suggests that the erythroblasts belong to
      the leukemic clone) and (2) cases with no chromosome abnormality and a
      disappearance of erythroblast mitoses after culture, suggesting that the
      erythroblasts are not members of the leukemic clone.

PMID- 6576850
TI  - Anomalies of the long arm of chromosome 11 in human myelo- and
      lymphoproliferative disorders. I. Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - In a series of 365 consecutive ANLL cases of which 45.1% had abnormal karyotypes,
      13 cases were detected with a structural abnormality of the long arm of
      chromosome 11. Besides one isochromosome 11q, there were six deletions and six
      translocations. Of these 12 patients, seven had acute monocytic leukemia (FAB
      type M5), two had an M4, two had an M2, and one case of secondary leukemia had an
      M3-like disorder. Similar results with regard to the type of leukemia were
      obtained upon analysis of 41 cases of ANLL with an 11q anomaly described in the
      literature. This study confirms that a high proportion of acute monocytic
      leukemias and a lesser proportion of acute myelomonocytic leukemias are
      characterized by an 11q anomaly, mostly involving bands q22 and/or q23. Acute
      monocytic leukemia with an 11q structural anomaly appears to have a poor
      prognosis.

PMID- 6576851
TI  - Translocation (15;17) in a child with variant form of acute promyelocytic
      leukemia.
AB  - We present the cytogenetic and hematologic study of a 6-year-old child with a
      variant form of acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) who died of a brain hemorrhage.
      The brief survival and the hyperleukocytosis (greater than 200,000 mm3) suggests
      a very bad prognosis in children with this variant form of M3 leukemia.

PMID- 6576852
TI  - Congenital acute lymphoblastic leukemia with chromosomal abnormalities including
      a translocation (1;4;22).
AB  - Cytogenetic studies in a patient with inborn ALL demonstrated identical and
      complex abnormalities in all the cells, indicating a monoclonal origin. These
      abnormalities included, among others, a translocation (1;4;22).

PMID- 6576853
TI  - Non-T, non-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (L3) with t(8;22) and two 14q+
      chromosomes.
AB  - A patient with L3 leukemia is reported whose leukemic cells were characterized
      cytogenetically by a duplication of the long arm segment 1q25 leads to q42,
      trisomy for chromosome 7, t(8;22)(q24;q11), and two 14q+ chromosomes. Immunologic
      marker analysis revealed the leukemic cells to be of the non-T, non-B ("null")
      type. This observation, when considered in conjunction with a previous report of
      heterogeneity in cell lineages of L3 leukemias, raises the possibility of some
      lymphoid neoplasms arising in stem cells.

PMID- 6576854
TI  - Dehydroascorbate uptake as an in vitro biochemical marker of granulocyte
      differentiation.
AB  - We tested the hypothesis that the rate of cellular uptake of dehydroascorbate in
      cultures of developing granulocyte-macrophage progenitors in vitro would serve as
      a biochemical marker of neutrophil maturation. Suspension cultures of low
      density, nonadherent, T-lymphocyte-depleted bone marrow cells from eight normal
      volunteers were cultured in medium containing 10% human placental conditioned
      medium and were harvested at intervals over 14 days. The harvested cells were
      tested for their ability to take up dehydroascorbate. Mean cellular uptake rate
      increased 12-fold by Day 10, at which time the cells had differentiated to
      neutrophils. Uptake increased by less than 2-fold in cells which had been induced
      to differentiate to mature mononuclear phagocytes with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol
      13-acetate. Additional studies using HL-60 cells induced to differentiate with
      dimethyl sulfoxide or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate support the view that
      a major increase in dehydroascorbate uptake in cultured granulopoietic
      progenitors is a manifestation of a neutrophil differentiation.

PMID- 6576855
TI  - Influence of dietary fat and indomethacin on the growth of transplantable mammary
      tumors in rats.
AB  - Studies were designed to determine if treatment with indomethacin influenced the
      growth of a transplantable, metastatic, rat mammary tumor. Female, Wistar-Furth
      inbred rats were fed either a standard chow diet or a semipurified diet
      containing 2, 5, 10, or 20% stripped corn oil. Indomethacin was given in drinking
      water, and rats consumed between 2.5 and 3.0 mg indomethacin/kg body weight/day.
      Feeding of diets and initiation of treatment with indomethacin were started when
      rats were weaned (21 days old) and continued until they were killed.
      Approximately 5 X 10(3) mammary tumor cells (DMBA-4) were injected into the fat
      pad of the sixth mammary gland which is adjacent to the right inguinal lymph
      node. Each dietary/treatment group consisted of at least 10 rats. Since
      indomethacin inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, two other groups of non-tumor
      bearing rats were used to determine if dietary fat and treatment with
      indomethacin either influenced prostaglandin E2 production (in vitro) by
      mononuclear cells from the spleen or altered serum levels of fatty acids. Results
      indicated that: (a) the rate of tumor growth in untreated rats was significantly
      greater when the dietary fat content was either 10 or 20% compared to diets
      containing either 2 or 5% fat; (b) the tumor growth-promoting effects of 10 and
      20% fat diets were completely abrogated in rats treated with indomethacin; (c)
      treatment with indomethacin also inhibited tumor growth in rats fed diets
      containing either 2 or 5% fat; (d) synthesis of prostaglandin E2 by mononuclear
      cells from the spleens of untreated rats increased as the dietary fat content
      increased; (e) in indomethacin-treated rats, prostaglandin E2 synthesis was
      inhibited in all dietary groups and was not dependent on dietary fat; and (f) in
      both untreated and indomethacin-treated rats, the serum concentrations of oleic
      and linoleic acids were influenced to the same extent by dietary fat.

PMID- 6576856
TI  - Control of macrophage cell differentiation in human promyelocytic HL-60 leukemia
      cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate.
AB  - Human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) were induced to differentiate into
      macrophage-like cells in a dose (3 X 10(-10) to 10(-7) M) and time (1 to 6 days)
      dependent manner by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and the tumor promoter, phorbol-12
      myristate-13-acetate. Differentiation was determined by an increase in the
      percentage of morphologically mature cells, in lysozyme and nonspecific esterase
      activities, and in reactivity with the murine OKM1 monoclonal antibody. Two HL-60
      cell variants, designated as R-80 and B-II, were also examined. R-80 cells, which
      are resistant to induction of cell differentiation by phorbol-12-myristate-13
      acetate, also exhibited resistance, although to a lesser degree, to induction of
      cell differentiation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The resistance to the action of
      the two compounds is presumably not due to similar binding sites for the two
      inducers, since 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was unable to compete for the phorbol
      diester binding sites as measured by [3H]phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate binding. B-II
      cells were resistant to induction of cell differentiation by 1,25
      dihydroxyvitamin D3, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, retinoic acid, and dimethyl
      sulfoxide. Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of HL-60 cell protein
      patterns indicated that treatment of the HL-60 cells with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin
      D3, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, retinoic acid, and dimethyl sulfoxide caused
      the cells to express various monocyte-macrophage and granulocyte marker proteins.
      None of the inducers caused a protein pattern identical to that of peripheral
      monocytes or granulocytes in the HL-60 cells, but the protein pattern of the HL
      60 cells treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was the closest to that of
      peripheral blood monocytes. These results indicate that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
      induces in the HL-60 cells a phenotype that resembles, but is not identical to,
      that of peripheral monocytes-macrophages.

PMID- 6576858
TI  - The open-faced crown revisited.

PMID- 6576857
TI  - The response of neoplastic intestinal vessels to prostaglandin F2 alpha:
      angiographic observations with emphasis on therapeutic applications.
AB  - The effects of prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha in 16 patients with vascular malignant
      intestinal tumors were analyzed by angiography. It was found that PGF2 alpha
      reduced tumor vascular flow selectively in all but one patient, a rectal
      carcinoma case. Among the remaining group, a case of intestinal choriocarcinoma
      complicated by massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage was successfully controlled
      with intraarterial infusion of PGF2 alpha into the superior mesenteric artery.
      Owing to the reduced blood flow in tumors, PGF2 alpha is expected to be used
      extensively as a vasoconstrictor to control bleeding from tumors of the
      alimentary tract.

PMID- 6576860
TI  - Dental radiography: a contemporary view.

PMID- 6576859
TI  - Interview: California Senator Paul Carpenter.

PMID- 6576861
TI  - Future challenges for dentistry: finding a better way.

PMID- 6576862
TI  - Issue and answers: an interview with ADA president Burton Press, DDS.

PMID- 6576863
TI  - Alternative casting Alloys for today's crown & bridge restorations. Part 1: all
      metal restorations.

PMID- 6576864
TI  - How to achieve the best surface polish on composite resins.

PMID- 6576865
TI  - Combined pedicle and scleral grafts for alveolar ridge augmentation.

PMID- 6576866
TI  - Critical of Smith.

PMID- 6576867
TI  - Zeroing in.

PMID- 6576868
TI  - Will the real dental student please stand up?

PMID- 6576869
TI  - Experience with human lymphoblastoid interferon in acute myelogenous leukaemia
      (AML).
AB  - Fourteen patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia, who had either failed to
      enter remission or had relapsed following conventional chemotherapy, received
      human lymphoblastoid interferon (Hu IFN-alpha N) at a dose of 100 X 10(6)
      units/m2 daily by continuous IV infusion for 7 days. Complete remission was not
      achieved in any of 10 patients evaluable for response, although a transient
      decrease in the degree of bone marrow infiltration was observed in two patients.

PMID- 6576870
TI  - Effect of 13 cis retinoic acid on early precancerous antigenic goblet-cell
      modifications and induction of cancer during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine carcinogenesis
      in rats.
AB  - The possible effect of oral 13 cis retinoic acid (13-cis-RA) on the carcinogenic
      process induced by 28 weekly s.c. injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in 34
      Wistar rats was investigated. Using immunohistology, precancerous and cancerous
      stages were compared with the same stages induced by DMH without additional 13
      cis-RA in 33 rats. M1 antigens, which characterize modifications in goblet-cell
      differentiation occurring early in rat colonic carcinogenesis, were used to
      investigate the possible effect of retinoids on differentiation during
      precancerous stages. From 3-20 weeks after the start of the experiment, no
      significant differences were observed in the timing of M1 antigens in the 2
      groups of rats. It was also observed that 13-cis-RA had no effect on histological
      lesions associated with precancerous mucosa, nor on the occurrence of intestinal
      adenocarcinomas. Thus, under these conditions, oral administration of 13-cis-RA
      did not significantly inhibit precancerous or cancerous stages of intestinal
      carcinoma development.

PMID- 6576871
TI  - Altered incidences of hepatic and hemopoietic neoplasms in F344 rats fed sodium
      nitrite.
AB  - Three groups of 24 male, and three groups of 24 female F344 rats were fed sodium
      nitrite for 2 years. Two male and two female groups received 2000 parts per
      million sodium nitrite mixed with powdered food. The remaining pair of groups
      received 2000 parts per million in drinking water at the rate of 100 ml per week.
      A similar pair of groups of untreated animals were maintained as controls. There
      was little difference in survival between the treated groups and the controls.
      The incidence of liver neoplasms, which were carcinomas and neoplastic nodules,
      in the two groups of females treated with sodium nitrite in feed was
      significantly higher than in the controls, but there was no significant
      difference in the males. The incidence of monocytic leukemia for each of the
      nitrite-treated groups was always lower than that for the matching untreated
      control groups, with the difference attaining or approaching significance in five
      of the six cases.

PMID- 6576872
TI  - [Effects of Prostaglandin E1, E2 and F2 alpha on the in vitro steroidogenesis of
      human corpus luteum].

PMID- 6576873
TI  - The isolation of prostaglandin E from pig nasal mucosa.
AB  - Prostaglandins of the E series (PGE) have been shown to be potent nasal
      vasoconstrictors but have not previously been isolated from the nasal mucosa.
      Here we report the isolation of a biologically active substance with properties
      similar to PGE from pig nasal mucosa. The substance was identified as PGE on the
      following criteria: 1 our isolation procedure demonstrated the presence of a
      biologically active polar acidic lipid; 2 caused contractions of the isolated rat
      stomach fundic strip similar to PGE2; 3 caused a prolonged nasal vasoconstriction
      similar to PGE2; 4 travelled on thin layer chromatogram with PGE. The PGE found
      in the nasal mucosa may have a role in the regulation of mucosal blood flow in
      normal and pathological conditions.

PMID- 6576874
TI  - Marker X-associated mental retardation. A study of 150 retarded males.
AB  - One hundred and fifty male patients with mental retardation of unknown origin
      were studied cytogenetically. Six patients (4%) were marker X-positive. All these
      index cases were found in a subgroup of patients with no dysmorphic features,
      significant neurological findings or childhood psychosis. In this subgroup the
      frequency was 8.8%. One of the index cases had a family history suggestive of X
      linked mental retardation, four had retarded 1st degree relatives and one had no
      family history of mental retardation.

PMID- 6576875
TI  - Lactic acidosis in a patient with acute leukemia.
AB  - Lactic acidosis is a rare but potentially fatal complication of acute leukemia.
      The terminal phase of acute leukemia in a 22-year-old woman, heralded by lactic
      acidosis, is described in order to focus attention on the occurrence of this
      metabolic disturbance in the absence of overt manifestations of acute leukemia.
      As reported in other cases, the lactic acidosis in our patient responded poorly
      to bicarbonate therapy but dramatically to antileukemic chemotherapy. The
      pathogenesis of the lactic acidosis is unclear but it may be the result of an
      undefined 'paraneoplastic' metabolic disturbance induced by the leukemic cells.

PMID- 6576876
TI  - Effect of oral hygiene instruction on brushing skills in preschool children.
AB  - This study provides new information on the assessment of toothbrushing skills in
      preschool children. 420 children aged 2-4 years were given a single lesson on
      toothbrushing. Their levels of toothbrushing skills, in terms of the locations of
      the tooth surfaces brushed, were recorded before and after the lesson. The number
      of skills per child possessed before the lesson (innate skills) and the number
      acquired from the lesson, both increased with age. A high correlation was found
      between the proportion of children innately possessing a particular skill and the
      proportion who subsequently learned it from the lesson. An effectiveness index
      was devised to help compare the relative difficulty and utility of teaching
      different skills at different ages.

PMID- 6576877
TI  - A 15-year follow-up study of 30-year-old Danes with regard to orthodontic
      treatment experience and perceived need for treatment in a region without
      organized orthodontic care.
AB  - It was the aim to study orthodontic treatment experience and past and present
      perceived need for treatment in 30-year-old Danes who, at adolescence, had no
      access to organized orthodontic care. In order to identify the malocclusion
      traits which elicited treatment or need for treatment, the findings were related
      to the occurrence of various traits which had been registered in the same
      individuals 15 years earlier. From questionnaires (response rate 86%, n = 841) it
      appeared that 10% had received treatment and 20% perceived need for treatment
      either in childhood or at present. At adolescence, the subjects who had
      subsequently received treatment, displayed relatively high frequencies of ectopic
      eruption, anterior cross-bite, extreme maxillary overjet, deep bite, and
      crowding; among those who perceived need for treatment, extreme maxillary
      overjet, mandibular overjet and crowding were relatively prevalent.

PMID- 6576878
TI  - Use of public and private dental services by adults in Finland.
AB  - The aim of this study was to analyze the factors that affected the choice between
      public and private dental services in 1979, when 9% of adults had received their
      dental services in a public health center. In September 1979 the National Board
      of Health conducted a telephone interview among Finnish adults over 15 yr old.
      When a representative sample of 1992 adults was drawn, the response rate was
      90.4%. All subjects over 17 yr of age who had used dental services within the
      last 5 yr were included in the study, making a final sample of 1368. According to
      the logistic function, the greatest differences were between rural and urban
      areas. Of the subjects living in urban areas, 18% had visited public health
      centers; and of those living in rural areas, 45% had visited health centers. Of
      the adults living in an urban setting, 70% and in rural areas 49% visited private
      dentists. Of the subjects who had used private dental services, nearly half were
      managers and upper white-collar workers; while of those using communal services,
      less than one third worked in such jobs. In urban areas managers and upper white
      collar workers used private services twice as often as they used public services.
      In an urban setting, subjects who had visited a dentist during the last 2 yr had
      received treatment mainly in the private sector; and in a rural setting, subjects
      had been treated mainly in health centers.

PMID- 6576879
TI  - State and development of dental care for employees in Finland.
AB  - The aim of this study was to analyze the present state of occupational dental
      care in Finland. In addition, the viewpoints of employees and employers
      concerning possibilities for developing occupational dental care were evaluated.
      Five percent of employers had arranged dental services for their employees.
      Twenty-four firms either had their own dentist or had made an agreement with a
      dentist about dental care for their employees. Most of these dentists delivered
      all kinds of dental treatment to employees, and the costs of treatment were
      usually paid from the worker's sickness benefit funds. Many such funds also
      subsidized the costs of dental treatment delivered in other dental offices. In
      1978 about 49% of the workers covered by such funds received subsidies for their
      dental expenses. The most important means of developing adult dental care in
      Finland was considered to be widening the scope of public dental care. The second
      means was widening the scope of the national health insurance system. In third
      place, the employers supported development of private dentistry. Employees,
      however, preferred to include dental care in agreements made by collective
      bargaining.

PMID- 6576880
TI  - Public views on fluoridation and other preventive dental practices.
AB  - The political nature of fluoridation is due in part to public misconceptions
      about its purpose, and about its efficacy and practicality in preventing tooth
      decay as compared with other preventive practices. This paper describes a public
      opinion survey conducted in Portland, Oregon in May 1980, immediately following a
      referendum that repealed an earlier vote to fluoridate Portland's water supply. A
      household interview survey was conducted of 313 Portland residents aged 18 and
      over. The primary objectives of the survey were to: 1) determine attitudes on
      fluoridation; 2) gauge the effectiveness of several pro- and antifluoridation
      arguments; 3) determine key target populations for fluoridation education
      efforts; and 4) determine the relative impact of different sources of information
      about fluoridation. Among the significant findings of the survey were: 1)
      preventive practices involving fluorides were rated less important to dental
      health than other preventive practices; 2) 71% of respondents knew the purpose of
      fluoridation; 3) newspapers were the predominant source of information about
      fluoridation; and 4) the "loss of freedom of choice" was by far the most powerful
      argument against fluoridation.

PMID- 6576881
TI  - Anxiety and dental caries.
AB  - It is accepted that emotional stress causes various kinds of degenerative
      physiological changes. We have assumed that it is important to study the
      relationship between anxiety and dental caries. Anxiety and personality of
      children were investigated and oral examinations and questionnaires about their
      life style were performed. There was statistically a significant relationship
      between dental caries and anxiety which may be overridden by keeping regular
      hours. To prevent dental caries, we conclude that more attention should be paid
      to psychosomatic responses which may cause dental caries.

PMID- 6576882
TI  - Comparison of SASOC, a measure of dental aesthetics, with three orthodontic
      indices and orthodontist judgment.
AB  - Scores for three malocclusion indices (HLD, TPI and OI) and Orthodontist Judgment
      (OJ) were available for the 100 orthodontic study models utilized in the
      development of SASOC, the Social Acceptability Scale of Occlusal Conditions. The
      ability of SASOC to predict need for treatment using OJ as a standard was
      compared to the ability of HLD, TPI and OI to predict OJ's decisions. In
      addition, determinations of need for treatment of each of the 100 models using
      HLD, OI and OJ were compared to SASOC's rankings for the public's perceptions of
      aesthetic acceptability. Finally, the agreement of HLD, OI and OJ with each other
      in assessing need for treatment was compared. Results indicated: 1) that SASOC's,
      HLD's, TPI's and OI's "hit rate" in predicting OJ ranged between 73% and 81%; 2)
      HLD's, OI's and OJ's assessment of malocclusion paralleled lay perceptions of
      aesthetic acceptability (SASOC), and 3) there were differences of agreement among
      HLD, OI and OJ as to which cases had a definite need for treatment. There was
      more agreement on cases which did not have a definite need for treatment than on
      those which did. A tool which assesses only the aesthetic component of occlusal
      configurations was judged to be more suitable in the study of the social and
      psychological impact of malocclusion than indices and orthodontist judgment which
      include professional criteria as well as aesthetics in their assessments of
      malocclusion.

PMID- 6576883
TI  - Geographic effects on dental caries prevalence and tooth loss in Australia.
AB  - Geographic effects on caries prevalence have been noted in studies in the United
      States, Australia and South Africa. Australia, because of its large land mass, is
      a useful standpoint from which to gauge such effects, particularly since
      countrywide data from the School Dental Service is processed centrally, and since
      the Australian Bureau of Statistics has recently conducted a nationwide survey of
      adult dental health status. Both studies reveal a distinct impact of geographical
      factors on dental morbidity. DMF scores in 12-yr-old children are higher in the
      southern states, and rates of edentulousness in 35-44-yr-olds in Tasmania
      (latitude 40(0)-45(0)S) are double those for the more northerly states.

PMID- 6576884
TI  - Gingival recession in the mandibular central incisor region of Saudi
      schoolchildren aged 10-15 years.
AB  - Incidence of gingival recession in the mandibular central incisor region was
      examined in a sample of 1336 male and female Saudi schoolchildren aged from 10-15
      yr. Gingival recession was found in 9.88% with no significant difference in the
      affected teeth by age (p greater than 0.8361). There was a significant difference
      in the mean clinical crown length between the affected and adjacent teeth (p less
      than 0.0001). The highest significant association of gingival recession was found
      with inflammation (p less than 0.0001), anterior crowding (p less than 0.0009)
      and frenal involvement (p less than 0.0001). The results of this investigation
      suggest that future studies should be made to evaluate the effect of miswak as a
      cleansing agent for the gingival tissues among the Saudi population.

PMID- 6576885
TI  - A baseline study of periodontal conditions among youths and adults in Portugal.
AB  - A study was undertaken in 1979 to obtain baseline data of periodontal disease and
      treatment needs among rural and urban Portuguese. From Montemor-o-Novo, Alentejo
      and from Lisbon, 255 persons (121 males, 134 females) aged 15-44 yr were selected
      by a stratified quota sampling method and examined under field conditions using
      both Russell's Periodontal Index (P.I.), slightly modified, and components of a
      proposed new WHO method. The latter formed the basis for estimation of treatment
      need according to the Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs (CPITN).
      Periodontal disease as assessed by the P.I. exhibited epidemiologic
      characteristics which in several respects were similar to those reported in other
      populations. Severity increased with increasing age and there were trends towards
      more severe disease in males than in females, and more severe disease in rural
      than in urban districts. Relatively few cases of advanced periodontitis were
      detected by the P.I. as applied in this study. The underestimation of disease
      prevalence inherent in the scoring method, the high tooth mortality and the fact
      that only relatively young individuals were studied may have contributed to this
      finding. Great need for various types of periodontal therapy were found through
      CPITN assessments. However, relatively few individuals were in need of "complex
      periodontal therapy" as assessed by the CPITN.

PMID- 6576886
TI  - Dental health of Vietnamese Boat People on Pulau Bidong, Malaysia.
AB  - The influx of refugees from Vietnam to the industrialized countries has attracted
      a certain interest to studies describing the oral health status of these
      population groups. The present study comprises 361 refugees arriving in Malaysia
      from Vietnam and collected immediately at the refugee camp on Pulau Bidong.
      Dental caries, calculus, gingival bleeding and loss of periodontal attachment
      were recorded. Mean dmft increased from 1.3 for 0-2-yr-olds to 7.4 for 3-5-yr
      olds. For 6-9-yr-olds mean DMFT was 2.4 while it ranged between 8.5 and 10.10 for
      the older age groups. The frequency of secondary lesions was high for all age
      groups. Calculus increased consistently with age, while gingival bleeding was
      common even in the youngest age group. Loss of periodontal attachment greater
      than or equal to 6 mm was rare in all age groups except the oldest (45 yr or
      older). A strategy for oral health care for these population groups is discussed.

PMID- 6576887
TI  - Development of edentulousness in Finland during the 1970's.
AB  - From a representative sample of 8000 persons aged 30 yr and over, 7190 were
      examined clinically. Thirty-one percent were edentulous, 23% of the men and 38%
      of the women. Results of our study were compared with seven other nationwide
      studies of edentulousness in Finnish adults made during the last decade. For
      subjects 35-64 yr old the rate of edentulousness was lowest in our clinical
      study. For those over 64 yr old the rates of edentulousness varied from 54% to
      67%. In general, results obtained using interviews or questionnaires gave higher
      percentages for edentulousness than did the clinical study. Statistical
      evaluation of the differences in rates found in these studies did not show
      edentulousness to be either increasing or decreasing in Finland during the
      1970's.

PMID- 6576888
TI  - Treatment of Tourette disorder with penfluridol.

PMID- 6576889
TI  - Endodontic therapy of deciduous teeth.

PMID- 6576891
TI  - The role of the crestal lamina dura in assessing periodontal health.

PMID- 6576890
TI  - The management of endodontic emergencies.

PMID- 6576893
TI  - Crown contour variation in gingival health.

PMID- 6576892
TI  - Crown lengthening procedure. Part I. Clinical aspects.

PMID- 6576894
TI  - Dental practice burnout.

PMID- 6576895
TI  - Computed tomographic diagnosis of an intracardiac metastasis from osteosarcoma.
AB  - A report of the demonstration of an asymptomatic intracardiac osteogenic sarcoma
      metastasis by computed tomography. This metastasis was successfully excised along
      with associated pulmonary metastases. Intensive chemotherapy and aggressive
      surgical excision of metastatic osteosarcoma lesions have resulted n 40%-60% long
      term survival in these patients.

PMID- 6576896
TI  - Electron microscopic studies on mouse Leydig cells in vitro.
AB  - The ultrastructure of cultured Leydig cells isolated from mice testes was studied
      in the early and late phases of culture. Cells were cultured in Leighton tubes on
      glass evaporated with carbon and covered with Formvar films. Additionally a
      histochemical test was carried out in order to evaluate the delta 5, 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity of Leydig cells in vitro. Levels of
      androgen released into the culture medium were measured by radioimmunoassay. Both
      the histochemical and radioimmunological analyses showed high activity of the
      enzyme studied and a higher androgen level in the first 4 days of culture. During
      culture a progressive decrease of the steroidogenic function of Leydig cells in
      vitro as well as some degenerational changes of the cells were observed. The
      ultrastructural studies showed the difference between Leydig cells in vitro and
      in vivo and proved the occurrence of the degenerational modifications of cells in
      the late phase of culture.

PMID- 6576897
TI  - Planning for a JCAH accreditation survey.

PMID- 6576898
TI  - [Clinical aspects and problems of traumatic infraction in the dentin].

PMID- 6576899
TI  - [Reproducibility of different bite registration technics].

PMID- 6576900
TI  - [Sensitivity disorders after ramus osteotomies using wire and traction screw
      osteosynthesis].

PMID- 6576901
TI  - [Mandibular movements in stress situations].

PMID- 6576902
TI  - [Kinesiological relationship between incisal guidance and the condylar path in
      thrust movement].

PMID- 6576903
TI  - [Fluoride concentrations in the serum after tray applications of gels with
      varying amine fluoride content].

PMID- 6576904
TI  - [Stress distribution in metal ceramic bridgework models].

PMID- 6576905
TI  - Cell surface markers. 4th Symposium on Lectins in Cell Biology and Medicine.
      Cologne, June 25, 1983. Abstracts.

PMID- 6576906
TI  - Modulation of plasma cyst(e)ine by cisplatin.
AB  - Some types of human malignant cells are cyst(e)ine auxotrophs. In 8 cancer
      patients given 10 courses of treatment cisplatin caused a mean (+/- S.D.) 83 +/-
      17% decrease in plasma cyst(e)ine when measured before and 6 hr after drug
      infusion. The magnitude of the decrease correlated with peak plasma cisplatin
      concentration, and serial measurements demonstrated that in some patients plasma
      cyst(e)ine was still decreasing at 6 hr. The mean 6-hr plasma cyst(e)ine was low
      enough (9 +/- 9 microM) to prevent the proliferation of human promyelocytic (HL
      60) cells in culture.

PMID- 6576907
TI  - Prediction of sensitivity to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine by the plateau
      level of its 5'-triphosphate in human lymphoblastic cell lines in vitro.
AB  - Parameters for metabolism of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) were
      examined to know whether the prediction of ara-C sensitivity is possible or not
      using 9 human lymphoblastic cell lines, 3 T cell lines and 6 B cell lines in
      vitro. Neither the capacity for synthesis, degradation of 1-beta-D
      arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-triphosphate (ara-CTP), generally lower in the T than
      B cell lines, nor deamination of ara-C, negligible in the B cell lines, could be
      correlated to the drug sensitivity. On the other hand, significant correlation
      was obtained between the sensitivity and the plateau level of ara-CTP. We
      consider that ara-C sensitivity could be predicted by measuring the plateau ara
      CTP level before commencement of chemotherapy.

PMID- 6576908
TI  - Dissociation of the spasmolytic and metabolic effects of glucagon.
AB  - Glucagon and glucagon-(1-21)-peptide were equipotent with regard to inhibitory
      effect on the amplitude of electrically evoked contractions of the isolated
      guinea-pig ileum. The effect was not potentiated by isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX)
      nor inhibited by phentolamine or propranolol. Both peptides inhibited intestinal
      motility in rabbits in vivo. Glucagon and equimolar doses of glucagon-(1-21)
      peptide exerted a relaxing effect on the rabbit gall bladder in vitro and in vivo
      and increased bile flow in rats. Both peptides inhibited pentagastrin stimulated
      gastric acid secretion in cats. However, contrary to glucagon, glucagon-(1-21)
      peptide did not increase blood glucose and plasma IRI levels after intravenous
      administration to rats in vivo. Whereas the entire glucagon molecule was required
      for the metabolic effects, the amino acid sequence (1-21) of glucagon exerted a
      full spasmolytic action on the enteric muscles and the biliary tree. The
      spasmolytic effects on these organs are therefore likely to be mediated via a
      mechanism that does not involve the activation of adenyl cyclase.

PMID- 6576909
TI  - Variation amongst K562 cell cultures.
AB  - K562 cell cultures were obtained from three laboratories (A, B and C) outside our
      institution, and were designated according to source as K562A, K562B or K562C.
      The cultures obtained were constitutive or "wild type" K562 cell cultures, not
      cloned sublines. These cell cultures were compared with respect to growth
      kinetics, cell surface protein markers, surface antigens, cytogenetics and
      hemoglobin production. Morphology, growth kinetics in liquid suspension culture,
      cloning efficiency in soft agar culture, binding of anti-K562 monoclonal
      antibodies, and the majority of cell surface proteins were generally similar. In
      contrast, several important differences were observed: (1) hemoglobin synthesis
      induced by hemin was significantly different among K562A, B and C, K562A being
      most sensitive (P less than 0.05); (2) whereas more than 90% of K562A or C cells
      appeared to be Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-positive, less than 15% of K562B
      cells contained a Ph1; (3) membrane proteins (93 and 85 kilodalton) were
      identified in K562A, whereas only the 93 kilodalton protein was detected in K562B
      and neither of the proteins were detected in K562C. Our results indicate that
      K562 cells maintained in different laboratories can undergo tangible changes
      which may influence experimental results obtained in studies using these cells.

PMID- 6576910
TI  - In vitro drug sensitivity studies of CFUc in chronic myelocytic leukemia: I.
      Suicide indices and busulfan sensitivity determinations during the chronic phase.
AB  - Serial clonogenicity studies employing an agar CFUc culture assay are being
      performed on cells from CML patients to determine if clonal growth, 3HTdR suicide
      indices (SI) and in vitro busulfan sensitivity are of prognostic significance in
      predicting blastic transformation. Initial studies performed on specimens
      obtained from 20 chronic phase patients were directed at determining whether
      blood and marrow cells differed in growth pattern, SI, and busulfan sensitivity
      and whether the cells giving rise to clusters differed from those forming
      colonies. In comparing marrow to blood cells, there was a correlation between the
      two with respect to the number of colonies produced and the sensitivity of the
      clonogenic cells to busulfan. By contrast the SI of blood and marrow clonogenic
      cells were not correlated. In both blood and marrow, colony forming cells had a
      higher SI and were more sensitive to busulfan than were cluster forming cells.

PMID- 6576911
TI  - Autophosphorylation of type 2 casein kinase TS at both its alpha- and beta
      subunits. Influence of different effectors.
AB  - Rat liver casein kinase TS (Ck-TS) having quaternary structure alpha 2 beta 2,
      autophosphorylates at its 25 kDa, beta-subunits, incorporating up to 1.2 mol
      P/mol enzyme. According to their effects on the autophosphorylation pattern the
      effectors of Ck-TS activity can be grouped into 3 classes: (i) inhibitors, like
      heparin, which also prevent the autophosphorylation of the beta-subunit; (ii)
      stimulators possessing several amino groups (like spermine) which increase the
      autophosphorylation at the beta-subunit; (iii) stimulators possessing several
      guanido groups, like protamines and related peptides, which prevent the
      phosphorylation of the beta-subunit, while promoting the autophosphorylation of
      the 38 kDa alpha-subunit. In the presence of such polyarginyl effectors the 130
      kDa Ck-TS is converted into forms with higher sedimentation coefficient.

PMID- 6576912
TI  - Separation of Fe+3 from transferrin in endocytosis. Role of the acidic endosome.
AB  - NH4Cl and monensin, two agents which neutralize intracellular acidic
      compartments, block the segregation of iron from transferrin after endocytosis,
      while neither of these reagents affects internalization of diferric transferrin
      into the cell. In conclusion the molecular separation of iron from transferrin
      inside the cell requires a non-lysosomal acidic compartment.

PMID- 6576913
TI  - Inhibition of human placental progesterone synthesis by danazol in vitro.
AB  - In vitro, danazol showed a slight dose-dependent inhibition of the mitochondrial
      cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme isolated from early gestational (8th to
      12th week of gestation) placenta. In the presence of 100 microM danazol, the
      enzyme activity was 65% of controls. Danazol inhibits dose-dependently the
      mitochondrial 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (I50 = 3.1 microM; Ki = 1
      microM) (noncompetitive inhibition) and the cytoplasmic 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase (I50 = 1.4 microM; Ki = 2.6 microM) (competitive inhibition). The
      inhibition of human placental progesterone synthesis by danazol in vitro is a
      further example for the direct interference of danazol with steroidogenesis.

PMID- 6576914
TI  - Preconceptual female gender selection.

PMID- 6576915
TI  - [Laboratory tests for the incidence of viral hepatitis in dentists].

PMID- 6576916
TI  - [Clinical course and management of metastases from ethmoido-maxillary tumors].

PMID- 6576917
TI  - [Prosthodontic management of anodontia affecting phonation. Case report].

PMID- 6576918
TI  - [Early manifestations and treatment of the masticatory dysfunction syndrome].

PMID- 6576919
TI  - [Significance of salivary nitrite].

PMID- 6576920
TI  - [Relation between dental filling and the periodontium].

PMID- 6576921
TI  - [Stress tolerance of the alveolar process of the edentulous mandible in relation
      to bone resorption].

PMID- 6576922
TI  - Intraveneous diazepam. Analysis of the first forty administrations by a solo
      practitioner.

PMID- 6576923
TI  - Pollution and scavenging.

PMID- 6576924
TI  - Complications & emergencies. Special problems in children.

PMID- 6576925
TI  - Disorientation on recovery from methohexitone--possible hyperthyroidism.

PMID- 6576926
TI  - Complications of intravenous diazepam--urinary retention.

PMID- 6576927
TI  - Eye complications following the Gow-Gates block technique.

PMID- 6576928
TI  - Eye complications following Gow-Gates block technique.

PMID- 6576929
TI  - Methohexitone in dentistry. Scientific results of 4,379 administrations. 6:
      Patient survey - general summary, conclusions and recommendations.

PMID- 6576930
TI  - [The dental rake: a new type of anchorage for periodontally involved teeth].

PMID- 6576931
TI  - [A new technic for direct pulp capping].

PMID- 6576932
TI  - [Ocalexic treatment of granuloma].

PMID- 6576933
TI  - [Clinical experiments in the use of fosfomycin in oral microbial infections].

PMID- 6576934
TI  - [Pain reduction in patients undergoing periodontal surgery treated with zomepirac
      sodium].

PMID- 6576935
TI  - [Training the dental technician. Jaw relation record. Articulators. 9].

PMID- 6576936
TI  - Dentists' incomes: national and regional survey.

PMID- 6576937
TI  - Where to start when computerizing your practice.

PMID- 6576938
TI  - Delegate key functions to your staff for productivity.

PMID- 6576939
TI  - More tax benefits from buying new equipment.

PMID- 6576940
TI  - How to do the dentistry that's hiding in your recall system.

PMID- 6576941
TI  - Ten deadly dental office timewasters and how you can avoid them.

PMID- 6576943
TI  - A permanent cure for broken appointments.

PMID- 6576942
TI  - Esthetic dentistry: a great way to get referrals.

PMID- 6576944
TI  - Case acceptance: the treatment plan that breaks through all economic barriers.

PMID- 6576945
TI  - The vitamin C content of foods.

PMID- 6576946
TI  - Malignant transformation in oral lichen planus.

PMID- 6576947
TI  - Dietary patterns, dental awareness and dental caries in the Asian community.

PMID- 6576948
TI  - The prevention of cross-infection in dentistry.

PMID- 6576949
TI  - Access programs address economic issues.

PMID- 6576950
TI  - Plan now for slow down years.

PMID- 6576951
TI  - The pathway to harmony: evaluate staff performance and perceptions.

PMID- 6576953
TI  - Communication with patients is simply listening.

PMID- 6576952
TI  - Learning from mistakes.

PMID- 6576954
TI  - Avoid getting roped into small claims court.

PMID- 6576955
TI  - A plan for dental group compensation.

PMID- 6576956
TI  - Unusual choice of partners proves successful for two Minnesota doctors.

PMID- 6576957
TI  - How to work with your banker.

PMID- 6576958
TI  - Improve your recall ratio.

PMID- 6576959
TI  - Variable factors determine the worth of a dental practice.

PMID- 6576960
TI  - "I love my patients".

PMID- 6576961
TI  - Two new human myeloid cell lines derived from acute promyelocytic leukemia and
      chronic myelocytic leukemia.
AB  - Two new human myeloid cell lines, PL-21 and KCL-22, were established from acute
      promyelocytic leukemia and chronic myelocytic leukemia, respectively. PL-21 was
      positive to peroxidase staining and differentiated into mature myeloid cells in
      vitro. KCL-22 had Ph1 chromosomes and differentiated into granulocytes in vivo.

PMID- 6576962
TI  - [Cytological characteristics of the erythron in acute and chronic leukemias].

PMID- 6576963
TI  - [Lysogenic conversion induced by phage phi 80. II. Mapping of the cor locus].
AB  - The cor locus determines lysogenic conversion of the lambdoid phi 80 phage. The
      cor locus was cloned from phi 80, phi 80pt1, phi 80pt0, phi 80pt4A and lambda
      hy51 DNAs in the pBR322 plasmid. According to the physical and genetic data, the
      cor locus was located on the genetic map of phi 80 bacteriophage at the 40.3
      divided by 43.5% lambda. It is closely linked to the gene 13 of phi 80 phage and
      has a position similar to that of lom gene of lambda phage.

PMID- 6576964
TI  - [Chinese hamster cells mutant for the hypoxanthine-guanine
      phosphoribosyltransferase locus. IV. The biochemical characteristics of the
      hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase of hybrid clones obtained by
      intragenic complementation].
AB  - A biochemical study of hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) has
      been carried out in hybrid clones of Chinese hamster cells obtained in
      complementation experiments. A wide range of biochemical characteristics made it
      possible to identify a hybrid form of HPRT differing from the enzyme of parental
      clones in virtually every hybrid tested. The presence of hybrid HPRT was detected
      by the changed kinetic properties of temperature sensitivity and electrophoretic
      mobility compared to the enzyme in mutant cells. Since HPRT consists of identical
      subunits, the hybrid nature of the enzyme in cells obtained through hybridization
      of HPRT-mutant clones may be regarded as evidence for intragenic complementation.
      None of the hybrid clones contained an enzyme with the normal properties. Groups
      of hybrids with similar biochemical characteristics of HPRT can be obtained, if
      one of the mutant partners involved in hybridization belongs to one and the same
      complementation group; the major characteristics of hybrid HPRT are then
      determined by the partner having the higher level of enzyme activity. The series
      of studies of intragenic complementation in the HPRT gene is summarized.

PMID- 6576965
TI  - Application of pit and fissure sealant.

PMID- 6576967
TI  - [Fundamentals and clinical significance of steroid hormone receptors, 17 beta
      hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase and serum tumor markers in endometrial carcinoma].

PMID- 6576966
TI  - Effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prostaglandins on alkali
      secretion by rabbit gastric fundus in vitro.
AB  - The effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prostaglandins E(2) and
      F(2alpha) on the secretory and electrical activity of isolated rabbit fundic
      mucosa have been studied. Spontaneous acid secretion was inhibited by serosal
      side application of sodium thiocyanate (6x10(-2)M) and the resulting alkali
      secretion measured by pH stat tiration. Serosal side application of indomethacin
      (10(-5)M) or aspirin (3x10(-3)M) inhibited alkali secretion (0.55+/-0.06 to
      0.12+/-0.06 mumol/cm(2)/h, n=6, p<0.01 and 0.28+/-0.06 to 0.11+/-0.03
      mumol/cm(2)/h, n=7, p<0.02 respectively). Mucosal or serosal side prostaglandin
      E(2) (10(-5) to 10(-10)M) and F(2alpha) (10(-4) to 10(-10)M) failed to alter the
      rate of alkalinisation but secretion was significantly increased by serosal side
      16,16-dimethyl-prostaglandin E(2) (10(-6)M) (0.90+/-0.20 to 1.50+/-0.30
      mumol/cm(2)/h, n=6, p<0.01). Serosal side application of 10(-6)M prostaglandin
      E(2) to fundic mucosae pretreated with either aspirin (5x10(-3)M) or indomethacin
      (10(-5)M), to reduce endogenous E(2) formation, also failed to alter alkali
      secretion. Pretreatment of the mucosa with 16,16-dimethyl-E(2) (10(-6)M)
      abolished the inhibitory effect of indomethacin (10(-5)M) on alkali secretion
      (n=6) but did not modify the secretory response to aspirin (3x10(-3)M) (fall in
      alkali secretion with aspirin = 81+/-11% and with aspirin plus 16,16-dimethyl
      E(2) = 72+/-10%, n=7). In the doses used, none of the prostaglandins or non
      steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs altered transmucosal potential difference or
      electrical resistance. These results show that the damaging agents, aspirin and
      indomethacin, both inhibit gastric alkali secretion but that modes of action may
      differ. The observation that prostaglandins, E(2) and F(2alpha) failed to
      increase alkali production suggests that their protective activity against a
      variety of damaging agents as shown by others, may be mediated by another
      mechanism.

PMID- 6576968
TI  - Effect of low intensity laser beam on steroid dehydrogenase activity and steroid
      hormone production in cultured porcine granulosa cells.
AB  - Effect of the beam emitted by a helium-neon (He-Ne) laser of a low power (2.8 mW)
      on the activity of delta 5, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (delta 5, 3 beta
      HSD), as well as on the estradiol and progesterone production was studied in
      cultured granulosa cells obtained from porcine ovary. It has been found that the
      laser beam stimulates the activity of steroid dehydrogenase, increases estrogen
      levels and exerts a variable influence on the progesterone level. In control
      cultures the highest level of both hormones occurred simultaneously, while in
      cultures exposed to the laser beam progesterone level rose at a slower rate and
      reached maximum when the estrogen level dropped. Hyperplasia and epithelisation
      were observed only in the experimental cultures. The most intense cytochemical
      reaction for delta 5, 3 beta-HSD, as well as the most pronounced increase in
      estrogen and progesterone level occurred in cells exposed to a pulsating beam for
      60 sec.

PMID- 6576969
TI  - [Familial tooth position anomalies in the Orangutang. Orthodontic, cytogenetic
      and anthropological studies].

PMID- 6576970
TI  - [Functional apparatus for the treatment of malocclusion in small children].

PMID- 6576971
TI  - [Current functional orthodontics for increase or decrease in the use of multiband
      appliances and the practice-related judgment of clinical technical anterior
      bimaxillary apparatus for so-called interceptive orthodontics].

PMID- 6576972
TI  - [Cybernetics, the key to understanding the various effects of the bimaxillary
      apparatus].

PMID- 6576973
TI  - [A method for 3-dimensional cephalometric analysis].

PMID- 6576974
TI  - [What significance do cephalometric measurements on radiographs of the profile
      have for reconstructive dentistry in adults?].

PMID- 6576975
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of dentoalveolar and skeletal deviations from the
      surgical viewpoint].

PMID- 6576976
TI  - [Tooth size discrepancies as additive factors in the etiology of occlusal
      anomalies].

PMID- 6576977
TI  - [The emergency kit from the pediatrician's viewpoint. Recommendations for the
      physician in general practice].

PMID- 6576978
TI  - [The patient and dentist in the Public Health Service in the Federal Republic of
      Germany. Program principles].

PMID- 6576979
TI  - Primary structure of human class II histocompatibility antigens 3rd
      communication. Amino acid sequence comparison between DR and DC subclass antigens
      derived from a lymphoblastoid B cell line homozygous at the HLA loci (HLA-A3,3;
      B7,7; Dw2,2; DR2,2: MT1,1; Dc1,1: MB1,1).
AB  - Class II histocompatibility antigens from a homozygous human lymphoblastoid B
      cell line (HLA-A3,3; B7,7; Dw2,2; DR2,2; MT1,1; DC1,1; MB1,1) were isolated by an
      exclusively chemical procedure. After the separation of the alpha and beta chains
      the amino acid sequences of the extracellular parts of the DR2 alpha and the DR2
      beta chains could be determined, in spite of the heterogeneity of both fractions.
      Peptides isolated in considerably lower yields indicated at least one more alpha
      chain and 6 further beta chains. By the investigation of these lower-yield
      enzymatic fragments, in addition to the DR2 alpha and DR2 beta chains, we can now
      report on the partial amino acid sequences of a DC alpha chain, a second beta
      chain of DR type and one beta chain of DC type. Furthermore, the isolation of a
      characteristic glycopeptide suggests the existence of a second beta chain of DC
      type. The following class II antigens are therefore identified: DR2 alpha/DR2
      beta 1, DR2 alpha/DR2 beta 2, DC1 alpha/DC1 beta 1, DC1 alpha/DC1 beta 2,
      indicating that each subclass can be subdivided into two antigens because each
      alpha chain type can associate with at least either beta 1 or beta 2. Further
      investigations must clarify whether the remaining three beta chains are of the
      DR, DC, or of a third beta chain type. Amino acid sequence comparisons confirm
      that the human DR antigens are the equivalent of mouse I-E antigens, while human
      DC antigens are the equivalent of mouse I-A antigens.

PMID- 6576980
TI  - Menkes kinky hair disease: a search for closely linked restriction fragment
      length polymorphism.
AB  - In a large kindred with X-linked Menkes disease, linkage studies were performed
      with a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) that had been found with a
      cloned hybridisation probe from the proximal short arm of the X chromosome. This
      RFLP was considered as a potential genetic marker since the Menkes gene seems to
      be located near the centromere. Moreover, there is circumstantial evidence that
      in the (para) centric region of the X chromosome cross-overs are relatively rare.
      Unexpectedly, however, at least two cross-overs were detected in this family
      which suggests that the DNA sequence employed is of limited use for early
      diagnosis and carrier detection in this fatal hereditary disorder.

PMID- 6576981
TI  - Chromosomal rearrangements with a common breakpoint at 6p23 in five cases of
      myeloid leukemia.
AB  - Rearrangement of the short arm of chromosome 6 with a breakpoint at 6p23 was
      found in five patients with myeloid leukemia. Three of them had different
      morphological variants of AML (M2, M3, M4) and two blastic crisis of Ph1 negative
      and Ph1 positive CML. Identical translocation, t(6;9)(p23;q34), was revealed in
      two patients. One of them had AML (M2), the other blastic crisis of Ph1 negative
      CML. The blast cells of the last patient were morphologically similar to those in
      the M2 variant of AML. Translocation (6;9)(p23;q34) was also detected in two AML
      patients of Rowley and Potter (1976). The role of the breakpoint at 6p23 in
      myeloid malignancies needs further investigation.

PMID- 6576982
TI  - Chromosome abnormalities in chronic myeloid leukemia in children.
AB  - Banded chromosomes of leukemic cells were studied in 53 children with chronic
      myeloid leukemia (CML). Ph1 chromosome was found in 21 children, and the
      remaining 32 cases were Ph1 negative. Besides Ph1 translocation additional
      chromosomal abnormalities, including marker i(17q), were revealed in three of
      eight children studied in blastic crisis of Ph1 positive CML. Leukemic cells of
      most patients with Ph1 negative CML possessed normal karyotype. Clones with
      chromosomal abnormalities were found in 12 of 32 cases. Most characteristic were
      monosomy 7 (in four children) and trisomy 8 (in three). Abnormal karyotype may be
      a bad prognostic sign in Ph1 negative CML. The presented data confirm the
      difference in age of appearance, bone marrow pattern and clinical course between
      Ph1 positive ("adult") and Ph1 negative (juvenile) types of CML in children.
      Probable prenatal commencement of CML in babies and children in the first years
      of life is discussed.

PMID- 6576983
TI  - Unilateral split hand in one of monozygotic twins.
AB  - Atypical split hand (left) was observed in one of monozygotic twins. The
      probability for monozygosity was 0.997 as based on 18 autosomal loci (11 blood
      groups and 7 enzymes and serum proteins). This observation supports the thesis
      that atypical split hand is not genetically determined and must be distinguished
      from autosomal dominant ectrodactyly.

PMID- 6576985
TI  - Dentistry, hepatitis B and a vaccine.

PMID- 6576984
TI  - The Cincinnati Lipid Research Clinic Family Study: commingling in the
      distributions of lipids and lipoprotein concentrations.
AB  - Commingling in the distributions of five lipids and lipoproteins was investigated
      in a sample of 567 Caucasians. Significant commingling was found for high density
      lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, and very low density lipoprotein, but not
      for cholesterol and triglyceride. The differences between the present results and
      those reported earlier on a sample of Japanese-Americans are described and found
      to be partly attributable to differences in the sample sizes of the two studies.

PMID- 6576986
TI  - Potential contraindications for the use of formaldehyde in dentistry.

PMID- 6576987
TI  - Capitation in Illinois. Part I--Definition and characteristics of capitation
      plans.

PMID- 6576988
TI  - Mucormycosis in the immunocompromised host.
AB  - We are presenting two typical case histories of mucormycosis in patients with
      acute leukaemia which illustrate some of the important features of this infection
      in compromised hosts. In such patients, mucormycosis is mostly pulmonary or
      widely disseminated and often has a rapidly fatal course. A microbiological
      diagnosis from blood or sputum is difficult to establish. Mucormycosis or other
      fungal infections should be suspected in compromised patients with infections
      which do not respond to adequate antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 6576989
TI  - Rat AL2, AL3, AL4 and AL5 monoclonal antibodies bind to the common acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia antigen (CALLA gp 100).
AB  - Four distinct rat monoclonal antibodies against the common ALL antigen (CALLA, gp
      100) were obtained in a single fusion. Rat AL2, AL3, AL4, AL5 and the previously
      reported mouse J5 monoclonal antibodies identified the same subsets of leukaemic
      cells. AL2 and AL3 reacted weakly with terminal transferase-positive cells in
      normal bone marrow and foetal liver, as well as with a minority of mature
      granulocytes in blood. Immunoprecipitation experiments and competitive binding
      assays demonstrated that the four rat antibodies and J5 bound to the same
      glycoprotein of approximately 100,000 mol. wt. This set of rat monoclonal
      antibodies directed against CALLA has not only a diagnostic usefulness but may
      also be of therapeutic value.

PMID- 6576990
TI  - Chronic myeloid leukemia following radiotherapy for breast cancer.

PMID- 6576991
TI  - Methods for decreasing interstitial immunoglobulin in tissue slices and cryostat
      sections.
AB  - To determine whether lymphoid antigens and cellular morphology can be preserved
      after long-distance transport in buffer or cell culture medium, we stained
      cryostat sections prepared from human tonsil samples that had been kept at 4
      degrees C or 20 degrees C for 24, 48 or 72 h. B-Cell antigens, T-cell antigens,
      and Ia antigens were well preserved after storage up to 72 h in buffer or medium
      at 4 degrees C. Interstitial immunoglobulin (Ig) was decreased following all
      incubation procedures. We then investigated methods to diminish interstitial Ig
      in cryostat sections, since it would be inconvenient to keep 2-3 mm tissue slices
      in buffer or medium prior to freezing and subsequent Ig staining. Cryostat
      sections were air dried or briefly fixed in acetone prior to washing in buffer or
      medium at 4 degrees C, 20 degrees C or 37 degrees C for 1, 2 or 24 h. Then
      sections were air dried or washed prior to acetone fixation and immunostaining. A
      method for washing cryostat sections was developed which diminished interstitial
      Ig without compromising the quality of immunostaining or cellular detail. These
      methods are especially useful for studying samples of lymphoid tissue in which
      the presence of large quantities of interstitial Ig obscures the detection of
      monotypic Ig staining patterns.

PMID- 6576992
TI  - The subjective aspect of feelings.

PMID- 6576993
TI  - A presumed case of spontaneous psychokinesis in a psychotherapy situation.

PMID- 6576994
TI  - A psychological assay of modern-day gambling.

PMID- 6576995
TI  - Studies on the differentiation inducers of myeloid leukemic cells. III.
      Spicamycin, a new inducer of differentiation of HL-60 human promyelocytic
      leukemia cells.

PMID- 6576996
TI  - Occurrence of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and Tn9 among chloramphenicol
      resistant enteric bacteria from humans and animals.
AB  - The occurrence of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) among chloramphenicol
      resistant enteric bacteria from humans, animals (cats, dogs) and sewage was
      examined. The enzyme appears to be the basis of resistance in 83 and 84 per cent
      of bacteria of humans and sewage origin, and in 50 per cent of bacteria from
      animals. In order to identify type I CAT among chloramphenicol resistant
      isolates, total cellular DNA was probed with a 32P-labelled fragment of the CAT
      structural gene from the transposable element Tn9. Nineteen per cent of
      chloramphenicol resistant enteric bacteria of clinical origin, 11% of sewage
      isolates, and 11% of veterinary isolates gave positive hybridization results. The
      difference between bacteria of clinical and veterinary origin in respect of both
      parameters tested is significant and is interpreted as indicating genetic dis
      similarity between the two pools in regard to chloramphenicol resistance. This
      may reflect a lack of contact between the two pools, or host bacterial factors
      with select against CAT-mediated (and type I CAT more specifically) resistance to
      chloramphenicol.

PMID- 6576997
TI  - Fluoride absorption: a comparative study of 1 and 2% fluoride gels.
AB  - The systemic fluoride absorption following topical fluoride gel application has
      been monitored in two groups of 6 healthy volunteers. Plasma F- levels and
      urinary fluoride excretion were measured after the use of a 1% and of a 2% gel
      preparation (commercial products). The resorption of these gels seems lower than
      reported previously for other preparations. Creatinine clearance remained
      unaffected after a single application of the gels in healthy subjects.

PMID- 6576998
TI  - Ultrastructural study of osteodentin formation induced by irradiation.
AB  - A single dose of 16,000 rads was delivered to a 1 X 1.5 cm area of the cheek of 2
      day old Wistar rats. The lower first molar region was removed 1, 3, 5 and 8 days
      postirradiation and processed for light and electron microscopy observation. The
      most distinct structural feature at optical level was osteodentin production in
      the dental papilla, which began at the level of the initiation of Hertwig's
      epithelial sheath and continued until the pulpal area was completely filled by
      osteodentin. At the ultrastructural level, ameloblasts exhibited large lipidic
      vacuoles and irregular intracytoplasmic secretory granules. Odontoblasts
      underwent multiple regressive alterations with vacuolization and numerous myelin
      figures. Pulpal cells exhibited a capacity for odontoblastic differentiation with
      formation of one or more odontoblastic processes and dentin matrix secretion.
      Thus, irradiation resulted in stimulation of a great potential for dentin
      production in these cells.

PMID- 6576999
TI  - [Histomorphometric study of the effect of sodium dilantin on the gingival tissues
      of rats].
AB  - The density and collagen content of fibroblasts were measured in the gingiva of
      rats injected intraperitoneally with sodium 5,5-diphenylhydantoinate (Dilantin).
      An analysis using a point-counting procedure on stained histologic sections, was
      performed. The effect of Dilantin was studied in normal gingiva and in gingivitis
      provoked by a silk-ligature placed around the first lower molars. The silk
      ligature alone did not modify the number of fibroblasts in the gingiva, but
      affected the collagen content. Dilantin associated with this irritant caused not
      only an alteration of the collagen content but also had a statistically
      significant effect (p less than 0.1) on the number of fibroblasts. The results
      indicate an interaction of the effects of Dilantin and a gingival irritant.

PMID- 6577000
TI  - [Trial modeling of acinous structures of the rat sub-mandibular gland].
AB  - The sub-mandibular glands of rats subjected to unbalanced protein diets for six
      months were submitted to histomorphometric study in optical light microscopy.
      Protein deficiency led to slower growth although an hyperprotein diet did not
      alter acini distribution significantly. The results allowed an acinous structure
      model related to the diet protein ratio to be tested.

PMID- 6577001
TI  - [The influence of sodium diphenylhydantoinate on bone healing in the rat].
AB  - In order to study the action of sodium diphenylhydantoinate (DPH) on bone repair
      and during apical scars, vitallium implants were included in four maxillary and
      mandibular bony cavities in Sprague-Dawley rats. After one month, the implants
      were removed. In half the cavities, selected as the experimental group bleeding
      was avoided. In the controls, the bony walls were perforated in order to induce
      formation of a good-quality clot. The day before the implants were removed and
      everyday until sacrifice, the animals were injected with sodium hydantoinate (10
      mg/100g b/w) ip. They were sacrificed 1d, 4d, 8d, 16d, 28d and 56 days after the
      implants had been removed. The jaws were isolated, prepared for paraffin
      sections, and the areas of bone repair cut serially and studied under the
      photonic microscope. Another series of animals without sodium hydantoinate
      treatment, was studied for comparison. It was concluded that, in animals under
      DPH treatment: the bone repair was consistently delayed; a good-quality clot led
      to a better repair than a poor-quality clot which led cogeneralised collagen
      formation; the bony defects were proportional to the dose of the injected drug;
      the bony defects were qualitative including: thin bone traceculae, large
      osteocytes, collagen overgrowth; foreign bodies included in the bony repair areas
      were often encapsulated and tolerated; the percentage of collagenous bony defects
      (tapical scars) increased after sodium hydantoine treatment.

PMID- 6577002
TI  - [Histoenzymological characteristics of epithelial cells in oral mucosal lesions
      and jaw cysts. Diagnostic significance].
AB  - An histoenzymological study (including oxidative enzymes, diaphorases, acid and
      alkaline phosphatases and naphtolesterases) of 41 biopsy and operation specimens
      revealed interesting factors in the diagnosis of some lesions of the buccal
      mucosa, and also of cysts and ameloblastomas of the jaw. When compared with
      normal buccal mucosa and epidermis, the enzymatic activities found in the oral
      lesions, fell into three different types. In non dysplasic leukoplakia, enzymatic
      activities were found that were similar to those of the epidermis (high oxidative
      activities, particularly prominent in basal cells and in the granular layer and
      esterasic activity beneath the keratinised layer). In lichen planus, some
      vacuolized or necrotic basal cells occurred which lacked enzymatic activity. In
      the upper layers, the distribution of the enzymes was irregular. In severe
      dysplasia and epidermoid carcinoma, numerous variations of oxidative, esterasic
      and acid phosphatase activities were seen from one cell to another. Among the
      lesions of the jaws, radicular cysts as well as dentigerous cysts, had low
      enzymatic activities, similar to those of normal buccal epithelium. The
      epidermoid cysts (keratocysts), because of their highly differentiated
      keratinization, like leukoplakia, had the same enzymatic activities as epidermis.
      The enzymatic activities of common ameloblastoma differed from those of
      malpighian tissues (low oxidative activities without decreasing gradient).
      Besides round epithelial nests, the stroma showed a high and widespread alkaline
      phosphatase activity, which indicated a low degree of odontogenic induction.
      Thus, this peculiar stromal activity may be useful in differentiating between
      cystic epidermoid varieties of ameloblastoma and the other epidermoid cysts of
      the jaws.

PMID- 6577003
TI  - [The electromyographic silent period of the mandibular elevators in variations of
      the vertical dimension of occlusion].
AB  - The duration of the electromyographic silent period of masseter and temporal
      muscles was measured on nineteen healthy subjects by global electromyography.
      Average values were established for each muscle examined indicating a S.P. of
      36.5 ms on the masseter and 44.31 ms on the temporal muscles. Artificially
      increasing the vertical occlusal dimension changed the S.P. duration of the four
      elevator muscles of the mandible very significantly. However, the temporal muscle
      response which gave a more predictable reduction of the S.P. duration, was
      different from the response of the masseter which presented either an extension
      or a reduction of the S.P.

PMID- 6577004
TI  - Rapid protein phosphorylation induced by phorbol ester in HL-60 cells. Unique
      alkali-stable phosphorylation of a 17,000-dalton protein detected by two
      dimensional gel electrophoresis.
AB  - Treatment of the leukemic promyelocytic cell line, HL-60, with phorbol-12
      myristate-13-acetate (PMA), has been shown to induce terminal differentiation of
      the cells into monocytes. We found that this effect involves a rapid increase in
      phosphorylation of a 17-kDa protein (pp17, pI approximately 5.5) and a 27-kDa
      protein (pp27, pI approximately 5.5) as detected by two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis. Within 15 min there was 5- to 7-fold and 3- to 4-fold increase
      in the phosphorylation of pp17 and pp27, respectively. The rate of
      phosphorylation remained accelerated over a period of 60-min incubation with PMA.
      In contrast to these specific changes, there was no effect of PMA on total 32Pi
      incorporation into HL-60 cells during the same period. The phosphoester bond of
      the pp17, but not of pp27, revealed a remarkable stability to alkali treatment of
      the electrophoretic gels. However, phosphoamino acid analysis showed that both
      pp17 and pp27 proteins are phosphorylated only at serine residues. These two
      phosphoproteins were located exclusively in the cytosol and were absent from the
      crude membrane fraction. We further demonstrated that several inactive
      derivatives of phorbol ester failed to cause an increase in phosphorylation of
      pp17 and pp27, suggesting that these specific phosphorylation events are
      intimately related to the induction of differentiation in HL-60 cells by PMA.

PMID- 6577005
TI  - Tyrosine-O-sulfated proteins of PC12 pheochromocytoma cells and their sulfation
      by a tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase.
AB  - The O-sulfation of specific proteins on tyrosine residues was studied using the
      rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 as a model system. In intact PC12 cells
      labeled with inorganic [35S]sulfate, the major protein substrates for sulfation
      on tyrosine were four acidic polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of
      113,000, 105,000, 86,000, and 84,000 designated as p113, p105, p86, and p84.
      After labeling of intact PC12 cells with inorganic [32P]phosphate, these four
      proteins were also found to be phosphorylated at serine residues. Peptide mapping
      after limited proteolysis indicated sequence homologies between p113 and p105,
      and between p86 and p84. In lysed PC12 cells, p113, p105, p86, and p84 were
      phosphorylated at serine residues by an endogenous protein kinase using [32P]
      ATP. Moreover, in the cell-free preparation, an enzymatic activity was detected
      that was able to catalyze the sulfation of the four proteins on tyrosine
      residues. This sulfation reaction, which used adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'
      phospho[35S]sulfate as the sulfate donor, occurred in a particulate fraction of
      PC12 cells and was inhibited by 5 mM EDTA. These results demonstrate the presence
      in PC12 cells of a novel enzyme, designated here as a tyrosylprotein
      sulfotransferase, and imply a role for this enzyme in the post-translational
      processing of specific PC12 cell proteins.

PMID- 6577006
TI  - Abnormal biodistribution of radiogallium in persons treated with phenytoin.
AB  - After incidentally observing a patient in whom abnormal uptake of gallium-67
      citrate appeared to be explained by treatment with phenytoin, we have conducted a
      prospective study. Of sixteen persons with a seizure disorder treated with
      phenytoin, five (31%) had abnormal uptake of radiogallium either in the
      mediastinum, pulmonary hilum or both. Of nineteen historical control patients
      only one had such abnormal uptake. Phenytoin may thus cause the false-positive
      uptake of radiogallium in lymph nodes; this finding may also prove to have
      nosological importance in identifying patients at particular risk of the side
      effects of this drug.

PMID- 6577007
TI  - Intranuclear vermicellar bodies in human osteosarcoma and ossifying fibroma
      cells.
AB  - Electron microscopic investigation of 16 cases of human bone tumor revealed the
      presence of intranuclear vermicellar bodies (IVB) in cells of two osteosarcomas
      and one ossifying fibroma. The spherical nuclear inclusions consisted of electron
      dense, interwoven, threadlike structures measuring approximately 20-30 nm in
      diameter. The nature and significance of the IVB remain obscure at present.

PMID- 6577008
TI  - Symposium of the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group, COSS 80. A combined
      diagnostic and therapeutic approach to osteosarcoma treatment. May 7, 1982 in
      Vienna.

PMID- 6577009
TI  - Problems of biopsy and diagnosis in a cooperative study of osteosarcoma.

PMID- 6577010
TI  - Morphological grades of regression in osteosarcoma after polychemotherapy - study
      COSS 80.
AB  - The histologic grade of regression of 50 osteosarcomas after polychemotherapy -
      according to the protocol study, COSS 80 - was classified on a six-stage
      regression scale; 56% of all patients responded well to chemotherapy regression
      grades I, II, and III and no significant difference between BCD- and CPL-treated
      patients could be found. Tumors under 10 cm in length responded better to
      chemotherapy than those of greater length and there was a good correlation
      between the clinical estimation of tumor regression and progression and the
      histologic grade of regression.

PMID- 6577011
TI  - Combined ultrastructural, histochemical, and autoradiographic study of
      osteosarcoma after preoperative chemotherapy according to the COSS 80 protocol.
AB  - Twelve osteosarcomas treated according to the COSS 80 protocol (preoperative
      chemotherapy, resection) were studied by light and electron microscopic,
      histochemical, and autoradiographic methods. Evidence of regressive and necrotic
      changes was found in many tumor cells, but the alterations were unspecific.
      Viable tumor cells of high malignancy were also observed regularly, often at the
      S phase. As the tumor regression continued, a strong reaction of the mononuclear
      phagocyte system was manifested by the presence of macrophages and giant cells.

PMID- 6577012
TI  - Morphological changes in osteosarcoma after chemotherapy--COSS 80.
AB  - Forty-five osteosarcomas were investigated by special methods such as preparation
      of undecalcified bone tumor tissue, imprint cytology, histochemistry, and
      quantitative analysis. The morphological regression grades and their relation to
      chemotherapy are reported by Salzer-Kuntschik et al. (1983). The results
      presented demonstrate that smaller osteosarcomas respond more favorably than
      larger tumors. The function of bone-tumor cells, e.g., osteoid production,
      trabecular tumor bone formation, and mineralization, seems to be more important
      for the sensitivity to chemotherapy than the cell polymorphism. The estimation of
      bone-tumor morphology in at least two total areas of the bone tumor is essential
      in borderline cases (grade III/grade IV). Imprint cytology is very helpful for
      rapid estimation of the effect of therapy and the demonstration of cellular
      polymorphism. At the moment, we are not able to determine the effect of
      chemotherapy from the first biopsy before starting chemotherapy.

PMID- 6577013
TI  - Roentgenologic follow-up in primarily conservatively treated osteogenic sarcoma.

PMID- 6577014
TI  - The role of CT in diagnosis and follow-up of osteosarcoma.

PMID- 6577015
TI  - Bone scintigraphy in patients with osteogenic sarcoma. Cooperative Osteogenic
      Sarcoma Study Group COSS 80.
AB  - Preliminary results of a comprehensive analysis of bone scans in osteogenic
      sarcoma are presented. The scintigraphic data from 60 of 184 patients of the COSS
      80 study were used for evaluation. The method seems to be appropriate to detect
      sensitively and early a therapy-induced decrease of tumor viability and extent.
      An optimized procedure is proposed.

PMID- 6577016
TI  - Angiographic-pathologic comparison in osteosarcoma after presurgical
      chemotherapy.

PMID- 6577017
TI  - Possibilities and limitations of limb-preserving therapy for bone tumors today.
AB  - To sum up, modern resection and extremity-preserving therapy is characterized by
      the following aspects: (1) The surgical procedure must be appropriate for the
      stage of the tumor. (2) From a functional point of view, the results of the
      resection treatment have so far been encouraging. (3) In spite of considerable
      technical progress, the implantation of bone-replacement endoprostheses as a
      treatment for primary osteosarcoma of the extremities must still be considered to
      be at the experimental stage.

PMID- 6577018
TI  - Surgical treatment in the COSS 80 study.

PMID- 6577019
TI  - Multistrand starting arches for the Begg technique.

PMID- 6577020
TI  - Propertionate templates for orthodontic diagnosis in children.

PMID- 6577021
TI  - Clinical motivation of the functional jaw orthopedic patient.

PMID- 6577022
TI  - The vari-simplex discipline. Part 1. Concept and appliance design.

PMID- 6577023
TI  - Nonextraction treatment.

PMID- 6577024
TI  - Indicator wires for precision bracket alignment.

PMID- 6577025
TI  - Lingual orthodontics: a status report. Part 7B. Case reports--extraction.

PMID- 6577026
TI  - The Vari-Simplex Discipline. Part 2. Nonextraction treatment.

PMID- 6577027
TI  - Orthodontic economic index--1983.

PMID- 6577028
TI  - Jumping teeth in crossbite.

PMID- 6577029
TI  - Histopathology of initial gingivitis in humans. A pilot study.
AB  - The present study concerns the inflammatory alterations in the gingival margin
      during initial gingivitis in 11-13 year old human subjects. At day 0 of the
      experiment, all participants had clean teeth and healthy gingiva. All active oral
      hygiene measures were excluded for 4 days. From upper and lower premolars, which
      were extracted for orthodontic reasons, contralateral gingival biopsies,
      including the tooth and the adjacent gingiva, were obtained on days 0 and 4. The
      presence of inflammatory cells in the junctional epithelium and the adjacent
      connective tissue was determined quantitatively in semi-thin sections. The
      collagen content of the gingival margin was also determined. From day 0 to day 4
      there was only a slight increase in the number of neutrophilic granulocytes in
      the junctional epithelium and adjacent connective tissue, while a more pronounced
      increase was found in the number of mononuclear leukocytes. A loss of collagen
      was noticed in 4 of the subjects, while 2 did not show any changes in collagen
      content. The inflammatory reaction seen in the present study differs somewhat
      from that observed in adult humans and adult dogs. The results correspond more to
      the reaction seen in juvenile dogs.

PMID- 6577030
TI  - Osseous repair in the presence of active tooth hypermobility.
AB  - The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the periodontal response
      after resolution of inflammation in a situation of established marginal
      periodontitis, but in the presence of active, continued tooth hypermobility.
      Periodontitis was induced unilaterally around mandibular second and third
      bicuspids in 4 squirrel monkeys by tying plaque retentive silk ligatures at the
      gingival margins. Jiggling trauma to the periodontium between these bicuspids was
      begun 5 weeks later and continued for the remaining 20 weeks. Ligatures were
      removed 15 weeks after placement, whereupon regular oral hygiene was begun and
      continued. Periodontitis and trauma were produced around the corresponding
      contralateral teeth (control) so that the interproximal area represented the
      situation immediately prior to ligature removal. Infiltrated connective tissue,
      loss of connective tissue attachment and alveolar bone, and percentage of bone
      were determined histometrically for each coronal interproximal periodontium. In
      control specimens, 58% of the supracrestal tissue was infiltrated with
      inflammatory cells compared to 19% in experimental specimens. There were no
      differences in levels of connective tissue attachment or crestal alveolar bone.
      However, bone repair occurred in the experimental specimens which increased bone
      volume from 11 to 18% (P less than 0.05). It was concluded that osseous repair
      occurred in the presence of active, continued tooth hypermobility after
      resolution of inflammation.

PMID- 6577031
TI  - Longitudinal evaluation of a system for self-monitoring plaque control
      effectiveness in orthodontic patients.
AB  - This study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of the Plaklite as an
      adjunct to plaque control instruction in orthodontic patients. 24 subjects, aged
      9-14, who were to receive full banded Edgewise orthodontic appliances, were
      divided randomly into 3 groups. The first group was a control and did not receive
      structured plaque control instructions. The second group received plaque control
      instructions using the modified Bass brushing technique with no disclosant. The
      third group received a similar type of plaque control instructions supplemented
      with instructions in the use of a Plaklite to self-assess the effectiveness of
      plaque control. Both plaque control groups received monthly reinforcement of
      their initial instructions for the first 5 months of orthodontic treatment. The
      Plaque Index and Gingivitis Index were utilized to assess plaque and gingival
      inflammation before and after banding, and at 6-week intervals for the first 9
      months of treatment. These indices were recorded single blind. The results
      indicated that plaque and gingivitis scores progressively increased during the
      test period for the control group. Also those subjects who received a plaque
      control program which included the Plaklite had a more sustained improvement in
      plaque and gingivitis scores for the test period than the group receiving plaque
      control instructions only.

PMID- 6577032
TI  - Effect of variation in dietary sucrose intake on plaque removal by mechanical
      means.
AB  - The influence of dietary sucrose on the rate of plaque formation was investigated
      for 22 dental personnel. The subjects were instructed to continue their normal
      oral hygiene procedures throughout the study period. It was found that an
      increase in the frequency of sucrose intake resulted in an enhancement of plaque
      deposition and an increase in gingival inflammation. The restriction of dietary
      sucrose for this group of subjects had a minimal effect on either plaque
      retention or levels of gingival inflammation; this result might have been caused
      by the habitual diet of these particular subjects being relatively low in sugar.
      The results of this study would suggest that an assessment of sucrose intake of
      patients might be appropriate when planning an oral hygiene programme,
      consideration being given to modifying the diet as an aid to plaque removal for
      individuals having a relatively high intake.

PMID- 6577033
TI  - Clinical and histological characteristics of lyophilized allogenic dura mater in
      periodontal bony defects in humans.
AB  - This clinical and histological study investigated the use of lyophilized,
      allogenic dura mater (Lyodura) as a periodontal implant material in interdental
      bony defects (2-wall lesions) in humans. For 23 defects in 8 subjects a modified
      Widman flap was raised, curettage performed and the defects bridged with the
      implant. The same procedure, without Lyodura implantation, was performed on 23
      contralateral teeth. By a standardized method, involving the use of a removable
      stent, the following clinical measurements were recorded after 24 and 48 weeks:
      the probing attachment level, the probing bone level, the probing pocket depth
      and the labial and interdental gingival recession. For the histological study 5
      additional, interdental craters and 5 control defects were treated as in the
      clinical study. They were block-sectioned after 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 weeks and
      processed in the usual manner for routine examination by light and polarization
      microscopy. From the clinical study it could be concluded that, in absolute
      values, only the experimental side showed a significant gain in probing
      attachment level and a greater reduction of the probing pocket depth. In
      percentage values the labial gingival recession was significantly lower and the
      bone formation significantly more pronounced on the experimental side. The
      histological examination showed that the implant remodelled completely without
      rejection phenomena. It was replaced gradually, after enzymatic breakdown, by the
      host's own collagen through the action of invading fibroblasts. Bone formation
      occurred along but never in the implant. The implant material seems to act as a
      barrier against epithelial downgrowth and infiltration of inflammatory cells.

PMID- 6577034
TI  - Antibiotic susceptibility testing of subgingival plaque samples.
AB  - The in vitro inhibitory effect of several antimicrobial agents was determined
      against dispensed dental plaque samples taken from periodontally diseased sites
      as an aid in the selection of antibiotics for adjunctive use in periodontal
      therapy. 2 groups of patients were sampled. 1 group of 10 patients with severely
      advanced disease had received periodontal treatment which included the frequent
      adjunctive use of an antibiotic. The second group consisted of 15 individuals
      with less severe periodontal disease; only 4 individuals had been previously
      treated with antibiotics for their periodontal disease. Bacterial samples of
      subgingival plaque were taken from each patient and tested against a battery of
      antibiotics to determine which agent was the most effective in suppressing
      bacterial growth. Each antibiotic was incorporated into Trypticase-soy blood agar
      at a concentration equivalent to that achieved in either gingival fluid or blood
      following recommended oral dosages. The inhibitory effect was determined by
      comparing the number of bacterial recovered on the antibiotic-containing medium
      to the total number of bacteria recovered on the basal medium. Penicillins, with
      the exception of cloxacillin, were the most effective in inhibiting bacterial
      growth. Benzylpenicillin consistently inhibited the growth of 90% of the isolates
      recovered on media free of antibiotics while ampicillin and amoxicillin
      frequently inhibited 99% or more of the bacteria recovered. Tetracycline was
      generally inhibitory for at least 90% of the isolates if the patients had not
      been previously treated with this agent. However, resistance to this drug was
      common in samples taken from patients previously treated with tetracycline.
      Doxycycline, a tetracycline derivative, did not inhibit significantly more
      isolates than tetracycline. Clindamycin was inhibitory for 90% or more of the
      organisms in most of the samples; and, was usually effective in inhibiting
      isolates in samples which exhibited large numbers of isolates resistant to
      tetracycline. Erythromycin was relatively ineffective against the isolates
      recovered from samples from the severely diseased group but was inhibitory to
      isolates in some samples taken from the more moderately diseased group.
      Metronidazole, at the concentration tested, was largely ineffective against the
      isolates in bacterial samples from both groups. No single antimicrobial agent was
      found to be inhibitory for greater than 90% of the bacteria recovered from all of
      the subgingival plaque samples with the possible exception of some penicillins.

PMID- 6577035
TI  - Progression of periodontal disease in adult subjects in the absence of
      periodontal therapy.
AB  - Progression of periodontal disease in adult subjects in the absence of
      periodontal therapy was monitored in 2 populations. One group of 64 Swedish
      subjects (mean age 40.5 years at entry) with mild to moderate periodontal
      attachment loss was monitored for attachment level changes at baseline, 3 and 6
      years. A second group of 36 Americans (mean age 34.3 years at entry) with
      advanced destructive periodontal disease was monitored for attachment level
      changes at baseline and 1 year. Of 4101 sites examined at baseline and at 3 years
      in the Swedish subjects, only 158 sites (3.9%) showed attachment loss of more
      than 2 mm. No measurable change was found in 1440 sites (35.1%). Of 4097 sites
      examined at 3 and 6 years, 67 sites (1.6%) showed attachment loss greater than 2
      mm; 57.4% of sites showed no measurable change; and 19 sites (0.5%) showed a
      decrease in probeable attachment level of more than 2 mm. During the 6-year
      interval, 523 sites (11.6%) showed attachment loss of more than 2 mm; 20% of
      sites showed no measurable change and 11 sites (0.2%) showed more than 2 mm of
      attachment "gain". Approximately 50% of sites that showed no measurable change in
      the first 3-year period showed loss in the next 3 years. In contrast, of the
      sites which showed some level of attachment loss in the first period,
      approximately 2/3 showed no loss in the second monitoring period. Of 3210 sites
      monitored in the American subjects, 102 sites (3.2%) exhibited more than 2 mm of
      additional attachment loss; 26% of sites showed no measurable change and 138
      sites (4.3%) showed a decrease in probeable attachment level of more than 2 mm.
      The association between attachment level changes and initial attachment level
      (baseline) was examined by regression analysis. The slopes of the regression
      lines for both populations were not consistent with a hypothesis that sites with
      more advanced attachment loss are more prone to additional destruction, in the
      absence of treatment, than sites with initially less attachment loss. In the
      American group, some sites with initially advanced attachment loss, exhibited a
      decrease in probing attachment level.

PMID- 6577036
TI  - Cementum hypoplasia in teeth affected by juvenile periodontitis.
AB  - The cemental surface of teeth affected by juvenile periodontitis was examined
      using scanning electron microscopy. Molars affected by chronic marginal
      periodontitis and healthy molars were included as controls. The entire mesial
      root of teeth affected by juvenile periodontitis showed extensive areas of
      cementum hypoplasia with exposed dentinal tubules. The hypoplasias were found
      also on the infracrestal part of the root indicating that they had not been
      caused by exposure to the oral environment or by any treatment. Cementum
      hypoplasias were not found in any teeth from the control material. The impaired
      periodontal attachment in the hypoplasia may facilitate penetration by the
      special motile bacteria which have been found in plaque from teeth with juvenile
      periodontitis. Based on the findings in the present study and the hereditary
      background of juvenile periodontitis it was suggested that development of the
      disease is initiated by a hereditary developmental disturbance of the cementum.

PMID- 6577037
TI  - Gram-negative folliculitis - recognition and treatment.

PMID- 6577038
TI  - Photosensitivity and isotretinoin therapy.

PMID- 6577039
TI  - Depression--a side effect of 13-cis-retinoic acid therapy.

PMID- 6577040
TI  - Prevention and dental practitioners in Northern Ireland.

PMID- 6577041
TI  - Commercial and political influences on dental health.

PMID- 6577042
TI  - Commercial and political influences on dental health. 2. The problems of health
      education.

PMID- 6577043
TI  - Commercial and political influences on dental health. 3. The Federal Trade
      Commission looks at television advertising to children.

PMID- 6577044
TI  - Commercial and political influences on dental health. 4. The effects of
      television advertising on children.

PMID- 6577045
TI  - Proceedings of the sixtieth American Association of Dental Schools annual
      session.

PMID- 6577046
TI  - Alternatives to licensure.

PMID- 6577047
TI  - Review articles for continuing education in pharmacology.
AB  - The efficacy of educational review articles as alternatives to traditional
      continuing education courses in pharmacology was evaluated using pre-tests and
      post-tests and an intrasubject cross-over design. There was a significant
      improvement (p less than 0.001) from pre-test to post-test in a group of 44
      subjects who read an article reviewing the clinical pharmacology of nitrous
      oxide. This observation suggests that educational review articles may be useful
      as adjuncts to traditional sources of information for continuing education in
      pharmacology.

PMID- 6577048
TI  - The clinical-pathologic forum in oral pathology.
AB  - A clinical-pathologic "forum" has been employed for the past three years as the
      laboratory component of the predoctoral course in oral pathology at the
      University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine. In addition to instruction
      in oral histopathology, this format provides an effective matrix for the
      development of descriptive skills and diagnostic discipline in clinical problem
      solving. The method is described and discussed.

PMID- 6577049
TI  - The relationship between empathic dentist behavior and children's cooperation.

PMID- 6577050
TI  - The influence of dentist and nondentist parents on dental students.

PMID- 6577051
TI  - Curricular guidelines in occlusion.

PMID- 6577052
TI  - Dental applicants from the top 50 undergraduate feeder institutions.

PMID- 6577053
TI  - [Effect of the hormonal environment on the human oocyte and its later development
      in vitro].
AB  - The biosynthesis of progesterone by the granulosa cells that come from follicles
      from which the oocyte has been fertilized and has divided in vitro is far
      superior to that from the cells coming from follicles in which the oocyte has
      failed to develop. This result is in accordance with the raised levels of
      progesterone and the influence of androgens on lower levels of oestrogens in
      follicular fluid that evolved favourably. In the same follicles the ratio of
      concentrations of prostaglandins PGE2 to PGF2 alpha is twice as high as in the
      liquid from other follicles.

PMID- 6577054
TI  - Case of the month. Pyogenic granuloma.

PMID- 6577055
TI  - Interpret your x-rays. Salivary calculus.

PMID- 6577056
TI  - An assessment of root canal length using the paralleling technique with a grid
      for endodontic treatment.

PMID- 6577057
TI  - Hypoplastic condyle. An overview and case reports.

PMID- 6577058
TI  - Orthodontic management of maxillary impacted canine with removable appliance. A
      case report.

PMID- 6577059
TI  - Ectopic eruption of deciduous cuspid. A case report.

PMID- 6577060
TI  - Central giant cell reparative granuloma in the angle of mandible. A case report.

PMID- 6577061
TI  - Cyst in maxillary sinus. A case report.

PMID- 6577062
TI  - Maleruption of mandibular canine. A case report.

PMID- 6577063
TI  - An unusual transposition of maxillary lateral incisor (a case report).

PMID- 6577064
TI  - Oral rehabilitation in two siblings with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia-
      prosthetic considerations.

PMID- 6577065
TI  - Interpret your x-rays. A fibro-osseous lesion.

PMID- 6577066
TI  - Pulpal and gingival reaction to a new composite restorative material (a
      preliminary report).

PMID- 6577067
TI  - Dental caries experience during the period of mixed dentition.

PMID- 6577068
TI  - Glass ionomer cement: the material of choice for erosion lesions?

PMID- 6577069
TI  - Prospects and challenges for professional interaction: the dentist and the
      dietitian.

PMID- 6577070
TI  - Direct restorative resins--an update for the clinician.

PMID- 6577071
TI  - Quantitation of dendritic cells in normal and abnormal human epidermis using
      monoclonal antibodies directed against Ia and HTA antigens.
AB  - Two monoclonal antibodies, NAI 34 and DA6 231, have been used as surface markers
      to count epidermal Langerhans cells in normal skin, allergic contact dermatitis,
      and mycosis fungoides of the plaque and poikilodermatous varieties. The
      antibodies recognized the HTA (human thymocyte antigen) and Ia antigens,
      respectively. In all situations the numbers of cells labeled by the two
      antibodies differed. In normal skin 75% of dendritic cells were labeled by both
      antibodies and 25% were labeled by NAI 34 alone. In contact dermatitis there is
      an increase in dendritic cells labeled by both antibodies and this pattern is
      also seen in untreated plaque stage mycosis fungoides. In poikilodermatous
      mycosis fungoides, striking staining of the epidermal keratinocytes with DA6 231
      is seen with no dendritic cells labeled. Dendritic cells are, however, clearly
      seen with NAI 34 staining. Numbers of dendritic cells labeled by both antibodies
      fall during PUVA therapy.

PMID- 6577072
TI  - Maxillo-facial trauma: a 10 year survey.

PMID- 6577074
TI  - Dental caries experience of Dublin school children after 10 1/2 years of
      fluoridation.

PMID- 6577073
TI  - Clinical prevention of dental caries: the scientific basis for children.

PMID- 6577075
TI  - [How to read dental films].

PMID- 6577076
TI  - [How to read dental films for periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6577077
TI  - [How to read dental films: endodontics].

PMID- 6577078
TI  - [Additional filling with composite resins].

PMID- 6577079
TI  - [Psychological aspects of geriatric dentistry].

PMID- 6577080
TI  - [Esthetic quality of composite resins as cavity lining].

PMID- 6577081
TI  - [Diagnosis of temporomandibular joint contracture].

PMID- 6577082
TI  - [Home rehabilitation of occlusal diseases].

PMID- 6577083
TI  - [Dentistry at the turning point].

PMID- 6577084
TI  - [Physico-engineering test for denture base resins].

PMID- 6577085
TI  - [Lipids in the supragingival calculus and subgingival calculus].

PMID- 6577086
TI  - [Changes in the stress distribution of occlusal forces due to supporting bone
      resorption. Stress analysis of the alveolar bone in the mandibular first molar
      region using photoelastic and finite element methods].

PMID- 6577087
TI  - [The changeable phases of plaque, gingival and periodontal pockets after initial
      preparation].

PMID- 6577088
TI  - [Alpha-tocopherol content in the human gingiva in chronic marginal
      periodontitis].

PMID- 6577089
TI  - [Phospholipids in the gingiva of chronic marginal periodontitis].

PMID- 6577090
TI  - [Morphological survey of Streptococcus mutans JC 2].

PMID- 6577091
TI  - [Periodontal dressing materials. Part 17. An experimental study on contact
      allergy, especially on optimum concentration for patch testing with liquids of
      periodontal dressing materials].

PMID- 6577092
TI  - [Effect of initial therapy on reduction of probing depth].

PMID- 6577093
TI  - [Orthodontic problems, in patients with periodontal disease. 1. Statistical
      studies of orthodontic problems in periodontal patients].

PMID- 6577094
TI  - [Clinical effects of Leftose 30 mg tablets in the treatment of periodontal
      diseases].

PMID- 6577095
TI  - [Clinical effects of the dentifrice, "Dentake toothpaste", containing lysozyme
      chloride, on periodontal disease].

PMID- 6577096
TI  - [Fundamental studies on plaster implants used for infrabony pockets, with special
      reference to the application of Plaster of Paris (paste type) in experimental
      bone defects].

PMID- 6577097
TI  - [Fundamental studies on plaster implants used for infrabony pockets, with special
      reference to Plaster of Paris implants in experimental bone cavities in the
      mandibles of dogs].

PMID- 6577098
TI  - [Occlusal pressure, occlusal contact area and occlusal force of persons with and
      without periodontal disease].

PMID- 6577099
TI  - [Effects of decay of deciduous molars on skeletal pattern of orthodontic patients
      with normal overlap of the incisors. II. Observations after eruption of permanent
      premolars].

PMID- 6577100
TI  - [Relation of the number of teeth in occlusal contact to the skeletal patterns of
      unilateral cleft lip and palate, especially to the pattern of the mandible].

PMID- 6577101
TI  - [Soft-tissue profile changes associated with the orthognathic surgery of
      mandibular prognathism.  Changes before and after surgery].

PMID- 6577102
TI  - [Soft-tissue changes related to the orthognathic surgery of mandibular
      prognathism. Changes in the horizontal linear measurement].

PMID- 6577103
TI  - [Stress analysis of the maxilla and mandible during occlusion].

PMID- 6577104
TI  - [A mechanical study on the face bow. Transformation of the outer bow under
      loading].

PMID- 6577105
TI  - [The inner product of curvature of occlusion measures the closure or alienation
      of teeth].

PMID- 6577106
TI  - The effect of Class III elastics on the cant of occlusal plane.

PMID- 6577107
TI  - [Formation and calcification of bone tissue on the surface of apatite ceramics].

PMID- 6577108
TI  - [Irritant properties of four root canal filling materials].

PMID- 6577109
TI  - [Prosthodontic procedures after radiation therapy].

PMID- 6577110
TI  - [2-dimensional micrometry to measure displacement of the periodontal tissues in
      the molar area].

PMID- 6577111
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of intensifying screens and films for intraoral
      radiography].

PMID- 6577112
TI  - [Development of a new selenium-containing amalgam].

PMID- 6577113
TI  - [National dental health survey (1981)].

PMID- 6577114
TI  - [Histopathologic study of the oral squamous cell carcinoma. VIII. A
      clinicopathologic study of autopsy cases of carcinoma of the tongue].

PMID- 6577115
TI  - [Effects of addition of selenium on biological properties of dental amalgam].

PMID- 6577116
TI  - [Electromyographic study on the activities of the neck muscles during various
      mandibular movements].

PMID- 6577117
TI  - Mechanisms of splenectomy protection in epinephrine-induced renal and cardiac
      necrosis.
AB  - This study was intended to elucidate the mechanism(s) of protection afforded by
      splenectomy against EPI-induced ATN and myocardial necrosis. Renal function
      parameters, hematocrit, circulating catecholamines (EPI and NE), serum enzymes
      (CPK and SGOT), and urinary PGE2 were measured before and during intravenous
      infusion of EPI (4 micrograms/kg/min for 6 hr) in intact and chronically
      splenectomized animals. All but serum enzymes were measured in another group of
      splenectomized animals that were implanted with small fragments of the autologous
      spleen (autoimplanted animals) 2 weeks prior to EPI infusion. Renal function
      tests and urinary PGE2 levels were monitored for several hours during the
      recovery period. The development of ARF in intact animals was accompanied by
      marked increases in circulating catecholamine levels, hematocrit, and serum
      enzymes and by a marked decrease in urinary PGE2 levels. These animals had
      diffuse ATN and hemorrhagic lesions of the heart (myocardial necrosis), and none
      survived. Chronically splenectomized animals were protected against the adverse
      effects of EPI infusion. The protected animals showed minimal elevation of
      circulating catecholamine levels and no changes in urinary PGE2 levels or
      hematocrit. Serum enzymes and renal and cardiac histopathology remained
      essentially normal in these animals. Implantation of autologous splenic tissue in
      splenectomized animals caused reversal of the protective effect of splenectomy.
      The response of autoimplanted animals to EPI infusion was in all respects similar
      to that in intact animals with the exception of hematocrit, which did not rise.
      All autoimplanted animals survived. They showed prompt recovery of renal function
      associated with significant increase of urinary PGE2 levels during the recovery
      period. Focal ATN was observed but no hemorrhagic lesion of the heart was found.
      From these observations we conclude the following: (1) high circulating NE and/or
      low renal (urinary) PGE2 activity are important in the pathogenesis of EPI
      induced ARF, (2) the spleen may release some factor(s) that modulate plasma NE
      level and/or renal PGE2 activity during EPI infusion, (3) EPI-induced ARF may
      occur independently of myocardial necrosis, and (4) hematocrit has no major role
      in EPI-induced ARF.

PMID- 6577118
TI  - Clinical experience with prostaglandin E1 in the treatment of arteriosclerosis
      obliterans. A preliminary report.
AB  - Eleven patients with severe arteriosclerotic disease of the lower extremities who
      were unsuitable for surgical bypass procedures or who had surgical bypass failure
      have been treated with prostaglandin E1. The patients all responded well to the
      prostaglandin treatment, except for one patient who required an above the knee
      amputation. Subjective evidence of pain and swelling disappeared and the
      patients' narcotic requirements were reduced. In those patients who had ulcers of
      the lower extremities, healing was promoted spontaneously or together with skin
      grafting. Side effects experienced by some patients, such as diarrhea, joint pain
      and swelling of the extremities, did not warrant discontinuation of drug therapy.
      There were no changes in blood chemistry. There was marked inhibition of platelet
      aggregation, and moderate inhibition of red cell deformability.

PMID- 6577120
TI  - Minerals in blood sera and scalp hair in patients with lepromatous leprosy and
      tuberculoid leprosy.
AB  - Scalp hair and blood sera of three groups of individuals were studied for mineral
      contents by flame photometric and colorimetric procedures. Patients in one of the
      three groups were suffering from lepromatous leprosy, the second group comprised
      patients with tuberculoid leprosy and the third group consisted of normal
      controls. The results obtained revealed changes in the mineral content of the
      scalp hair of those suffering from lepromatous leprosy and tuberculoid leprosy. A
      possible relationship may exist between hair and serum minerals.

PMID- 6577119
TI  - Rift Valley Fever and its epidemiology in Egypt: a review.

PMID- 6577121
TI  - Pseudoleukemia due to infection. A case report.
AB  - A 29-year-old white female developed fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and hypovolemic
      shock. Twenty-four hours after resection of intraperitoneal adhesions she had
      granulocytopenia and leukopenia with a marked "left shift"; a bone marrow
      aspirate was interpreted as showing acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. The clinical
      presentation made this diagnosis unlikely and the subsequent course indicated
      that this was a reaction to bacterial infection.

PMID- 6577122
TI  - Ability of prostaglandins to induce acute inflammatory bowel disease in the rat.
      A preliminary report.

PMID- 6577123
TI  - Abnormal hematological indices associated with metastatic choriocarcinoma in a
      young man.
AB  - A 21 year old caucasian male, who was admitted to the medicine service for
      respiratory problems and hematemesis was ultimately diagnosed as having
      metastatic choriocarcinoma. Plasma samples were analyzed for prothrombin time
      (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), platelets, and clot
      activation time for fibrinogen (FIB), and coagulation factors II, V, VII, VIII, X
      and XII. Abnormal clotting parameters included thrombocytopenia, PT, APTT, FIB,
      factors II, V, VII, and X. The coagulation abnormalities indicate the patient was
      in a state of consumption coagulopathy possibly induced by hepatic metastasis of
      the primary tumor.

PMID- 6577124
TI  - A clinico-pathologic presentation.

PMID- 6577125
TI  - Coping with less caries in the private practice of dentistry.

PMID- 6577126
TI  - Esthetic advances in orthodontics.

PMID- 6577127
TI  - Time space distribution of childhood leukaemia in the Netherlands.
AB  - In the western part of the Netherlands during 1973-80 leukaemia was diagnosed in
      293 patients aged under 15 years. An overall incidence rate of 2.91 per 100000
      person years was calculated. No seasonal influence on months of birth or months
      of diagnosis of these patients could be traced by the method of Edwards. Time
      space clustering was looked for by both methods of Mantel and Knox. No
      significant time space clustering of date and place of diagnosis of childhood
      leukaemia was found in all types of leukaemia, acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL),
      ALL in boys and girls, ALL in children under 6 years at diagnosis, and in acute
      non-lymphocytic leukaemia.

PMID- 6577129
TI  - [An electron microscope study on the photoreceptors of ICR mouse].

PMID- 6577128
TI  - A new gene that controls the type of leukemia induced by Friend murine leukemia
      virus.
AB  - NB tropic Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) replicates equally well in BALB/c
      and C57BL mice inoculated as neonates but causes almost exclusively
      erythroblastosis in BALB/c mice and nonerythroid (lymphoid and myelogenous)
      leukemias in C57BL mice. The C57BL resistance to erythroblastosis appears to be
      controlled by a single dominant gene in first and second backcrosses to BALB/c.
      This resistance to erythroblastosis is distinct from other genes known to affect
      susceptibility to Friend virus including Fv-1, Fv-2, H-2, Rfv-3, Fv-4, and Rmcf.
      We suggest the name Fhe for the new gene controlling susceptibility to Friend
      helper virus erythroblastosis.

PMID- 6577130
TI  - Visuospatial deficits in stroke patients and their relationship to dressing
      performance.

PMID- 6577131
TI  - [Study on maximal expiratory flow-volume curves with 80% helium-20% oxygen
      mixture].

PMID- 6577132
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of a large single dose phenytoin.

PMID- 6577133
TI  - [A study of pulse steroid therapy in nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 6577134
TI  - Seasonal succession of some common species of the genus Culicoides (Diptera,
      Ceratopogonidae) in eastern Taiwan.

PMID- 6577135
TI  - A vectorcardiographic study of normal Chinese adults with some relevant
      echocardiographic and electrocardiographic observation.

PMID- 6577136
TI  - Central nervous system involvement in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6577137
TI  - [The significance of "target pattern" in gastrointestinal abnormalities].

PMID- 6577138
TI  - Histopathological and histochemical studies in deltoid and gluteal contracture.

PMID- 6577139
TI  - Osteoradionecrosis of the mandible: clinical observation and treatment in 45
      cases.

PMID- 6577140
TI  - [Experiences with the EEA stapling instrument for esophageal anastomosis].

PMID- 6577141
TI  - [Rhabdomyosarcoma of parapharyngeal space. A case report].

PMID- 6577142
TI  - Spheroplast fusion as a mode of genetic recombination in mycobacteria.
AB  - Spheroplasts were prepared from two carotenoid pigment mutants of Mycobacterium
      aurum named NgR9 and A11, which were obtained by the chemical mutagenesis of the
      wild type strain A+ with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. The carotenoid
      pigments and the alpha- and beta-mycolic acids were taken as genetic markers and
      the recombinants were selected on the basis of their colour on Lowenstein-Jensen
      medium. Spheroplasts of the two mutants were mixed in a 1:1 ratio and were
      treated with 40% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 6000 for 5 min at 37 degrees C. The
      frequency of NgR9 X A11 recombination in optimal conditions was about 2.5 X 10(
      3). The recombinants selected on the basis of their carotenoid pigment profile
      were also tested for their alpha- and beta-mycolic acids as a second genetic
      marker. The results were further confirmed by electron microscopy. The optimal
      conditions for spheroplast fusion as a mode of genetic recombination in M. aurum
      are described.

PMID- 6577143
TI  - Intra-arterial ACNU therapy for malignant brain tumors. Experimental studies and
      preliminary clinical results.
AB  - The authors examined the growth rate of mouse 203 glioma cells in vitro and found
      it to be markedly inhibited after exposure to ACNU for 5 minutes at a drug
      concentration of 100 micrograms/ml. Rats that had undergone intracranial
      implantation of T1 neurogenic tumor were treated by 5 mg/kg of ACNU administered
      either intravenously or intra-arterially. The median survival times for the
      control animals and the animals undergoing intravenous or intracarotid
      administration of ACNU were 23, 29, and 46 days, respectively. The difference in
      survival time between the intravenous and intracarotid administration groups was
      statistically significant (p less than 0.01) when examined by the Cox-Mantel
      test. In a clinical trial, 17 patients with glioblastoma were treated by ACNU,
      eight intravenously and nine by the intra-arterial route. The drug was given in
      doses of 2 to 3 mg/kg at least twice before and twice after a course of
      postoperative radiotherapy. Intra-arterial administration was performed over a
      period of 5 minutes under local anesthesia. The median postoperative survival
      time for the patients in the intra-arterial group was 12.5 months, compared with
      9.0 months for those in the intravenous group. The survival rate for the intra
      arterial group was slightly higher, although statistically not significant,
      probably because the number of cases was small. The degree of thrombocytopenia
      due to ACNU tended to be less marked in the intra-arterially treated patients.
      The theoretical advantages of the intra-arterial administration of ACNU are
      discussed.

PMID- 6577144
TI  - Microbiologically monitored and modulated periodontal therapy. Keyes therapy, pro
      and con.

PMID- 6577145
TI  - Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia associated with residual bone cavities.

PMID- 6577146
TI  - Occlusion of endotracheal tubes by the distended cuff.

PMID- 6577147
TI  - Regulating the use of anesthesia and sedation.

PMID- 6577148
TI  - Classification of malar complex fractures using computed tomography.
AB  - Fifty-one patients with malar complex fractures were examined with computed
      tomography to analyze the pattern of displacement in an anteroposterior direction
      of the face. Malar complex fractures were classified into four groups according
      to the location and direction of the fragments. Comparisons of the fracture
      classification obtained by use of CT images with that obtained by conventional
      radiographic methods demonstrated sufficient correlations between the
      classification systems to confirm that it is possible to establish a complete
      three-dimensional pattern of displacement in malar complex fractures using CT
      imaging.

PMID- 6577149
TI  - Prolonged recovery after intravenous diazepam.
AB  - Prolonged recovery from intravenous diazepam after the day of administration has
      been examined in 2,468 consecutive patients who underwent oral surgery and
      general dentistry. Patients ranged in age from 2 to 94 years and received a mean
      diazepam dose of 19 mg, either by itself or with small amounts of methohexital
      sodium. Recovery was assessed by use of a questionnaire, and the answers were
      related to sexual gender, age, weight, dosage, procedure, duration, level of
      apprehension, and results of the sedation.

PMID- 6577150
TI  - An animal model to investigate the interaction between the immune system and oral
      carcinomas.
AB  - In an attempt to investigate the role of the immune system in oral squamous cell
      carcinoma, an animal model was developed with an inbred strain of mice. Well
      differentiated oral squamous cell carcinomas were induced with a polycyclic
      hydrocarbon in immunogenetically identical mice. The oral tumors that developed
      were maintained in vivo. Once established, the tumors were adapted to tissue
      culture and the resulting cell lines were cloned. An immunization protocol was
      formulated to detect the generation of cytolytic effector cells by using a
      microcytotoxic chromium-51 release assay to assess the immune response of the
      host.

PMID- 6577151
TI  - Treatment of mandibular fractures with malleable titanium mesh plates: a review
      of 120 cases.

PMID- 6577152
TI  - The oral manifestations of 4p- syndrome.
AB  - The oral manifestations of 80 reported cases of 4p- syndrome are analyzed and a
      new case is reported. Results indicate that the common pattern of
      cheilognathopharyngeal disorders in 4p- syndrome is an isolated cleft palate or a
      high-arched palate with micrognathia. Cases of cleft lip are only about 10% of
      the total. The significance of other reported aberrant phenomena cannot yet be
      estimated.

PMID- 6577153
TI  - Case 47, part I: Oral hyperpigmentation.

PMID- 6577154
TI  - Correction of temporomandibular joint internal derangements via the posterior
      auricular approach.

PMID- 6577155
TI  - The determination of free-way space in edentulous patients: a cephalometric
      approach.
AB  - This study was prompted by the hypothesis that the contractile power of the
      masseter and medial pterygoid muscles influences not only the shape of the gonial
      angle of the mandible into which these muscles insert, but also that they play a
      major part in determining the amount of free-way space present in any individual.
      Tracings were made from the lateral cephalograms of 130 dentate subjects and the
      gonial angle measured in each case. Free-way space was also measured, using a
      dakometer, and the paired values subjected to statistical analysis. A strong
      inverse correlation was found to exist, indicating that throughout the sample a
      decrease (or sharpening) of the gonial angle is accompanied by a predictable
      increase in the free-way space. By applying the processes of linear regression to
      the paired results, a formula was obtained which may be used to predict the best
      value of one variable for any given value of the other. Thus, in an edentulous
      case, where the value of the free-way space measurement is unknown, a method is
      provided for predicting its best value by the determination of the patient's
      gonial angle through cephalometric analysis.

PMID- 6577156
TI  - Computer graphic representation of mandibular movements in three dimensions: the
      method.
AB  - A mathematical simulation of the Denar D4A articulator and a simulated complement
      of graphically represented teeth were programmed in a Prime 4000 minicomputer.
      The computer program could be manipulated to quantitatively evaluate the
      theoretical effects of changes in articulator and control factors on the anatomy
      of selected teeth or tooth groups. The effects of these changes could be assessed
      graphically and numerically and data could be manipulated statistically.

PMID- 6577157
TI  - Optical properties of composites of selected shades in white light.
AB  - Light reflectivity, scattering coefficient, absorption coefficient, infinite
      optical thickness, and contrast ratio were determined in white light, for seven
      shades of a conventional composite and five shades of a microfilled composite,
      from reflection spectrophotometric data using Kubelka's equations. Significant
      differences among shades were observed for each property. Values of infinite
      optical thickness ranged from 2.97 to 5.90 mm among the shades studied.

PMID- 6577158
TI  - Long-term dimensional stability of three current elastomers.
AB  - The long-term dimensional stability of three non-aqueous elastomeric impression
      materials, a silicone, a polyether and a polysiloxane, were investigated. The
      testing apparatus was an A.D.A. specification No. 19 test block and mould. The
      impressions were measured by the use of a travelling stage reflecting microscope
      and a Quantimet 720 Image Analyzing computer at time zero and again at 4, 24 and
      48 h, and at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. Impressions poured immediately had the greatest
      accuracy for all the materials. The polysiloxane (0.025 mm) and polyether (0.033
      mm) showed very little change in dimension after 4 weeks when compared to the
      test block. However, the silicone showed significant change at 4 h (0.14 mm) and
      0.2 mm after 4 weeks. After 4 weeks the polysiloxane maintained the best surface
      detail, the polyether was adequate but the silicone lost much of its detail in as
      little as 24 h. The reasons for these findings are discussed.

PMID- 6577159
TI  - Alteration in directional specificity of interdental dimension discrimination
      with the degree of mouth opening.
AB  - The interdental dimension discrimination (IDD) ability was tested at seven
      different degrees of mouth opening: 40 mm, 30 mm, 20 mm and 10 mm openings for
      the dentate subjects, and 10 mm opening, intercuspal position (ICP) and the ICP
      minus 5 mm for the edentulous subjects. The subjects were asked to discriminate
      between pairs of sticks held alternately between the upper and lower incisors.
      The IDD ability, evaluated in terms of the 50% difference limen (DL), did not
      differ significantly between any two of the tests conducted at seven different
      openings, although the number of misjudgments of the dentate subjects tended to
      increase with the degree of mouth opening. On the other hand, the directional
      specificity of the IDD, which is a tendency to overestimate the dimension of the
      first stick of each pair, developed almost linearly with a decrease in the
      opening degree. These findings indicate that the behaviour of the receptors
      concerned varies with the intermaxillary distance. Some edentulous subjects could
      not perceive the presence of a small test stick at the overclosed position (ICP 
      5 mm), but vibration applied to the mandible enabled the subjects to detect the
      stick at the same opening. These results support the assumption that the muscle
      spindles of the jaw-closing muscles are the receptors responsible for the IDD.

PMID- 6577160
TI  - Phenomenological model of creep of dental amalgam.
AB  - Earlier work revealed that creep of a particular dental amalgam can be described
      by the model F(t) = F0 exp (t/t0)m. Here F(t) is the creep compliance at time t,
      whereas F0, t0 and m are constants of the model. In the previous study only three
      alloys were used. It was the aim of this study to investigate the factor alloy
      more thoroughly. After specimen preparation, the nineteen different amalgams were
      aged at 37 degrees C for either one day or one week. Then creep was determined at
      a temperature of 22.5 degrees C and a compressive stress of 117 MN/m2. F0 turns
      out to depend upon both the ageing time as well as on the choice of the alloy. As
      expected, t0 shows up substantial differences between the respective amalgams,
      whereas the differences between the two ageing are absent or relatively small.
      The factor alloy significantly influences m. However, the ageing time exerts no
      significant influence upon m.

PMID- 6577161
TI  - Variations in the particles produced at the end of mastication in subjects with
      different types of dentition.
AB  - The final composition of the size of particles of food or the swallowable
      composition (SC) has been investigated in subjects with different types of
      dentition. A convenient mouthful of hard-baked soya beans was masticated and
      thereafter the bolus was dried, sieved and weighed. Full denture wearers prepared
      a SC with a mode value around 4000 microns whereas subjects with mixed dentition
      prepared a SC with a mode value around 2000 microns. Subjects with partial
      dentition produced wide variations in the SC. To produce a SC which is usually
      swallowed by a particular subject the quantity of masticated food should bear an
      optimum ratio to the area of the healthy oral tissues.

PMID- 6577162
TI  - Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of four dental materials in vitro assessed by cell
      viability and enzyme cytochemistry.
AB  - The cytotoxic effects of zinc phosphate and silicate cements, Concise composite
      and zinc oxide/eugenol were evaluated after 24 h in an in vitro system which
      simulates the clinical usage of the material, and the results compared with those
      using phenol. Data of gross changes affecting cell viability placed these
      materials in ranking order of increasing severity: Concise less than zinc
      phosphate less than Silicap much less than zinc oxide/eugenol. More discrete
      changes involving alterations in enzyme cytochemistry were assessed and the
      significance of the results discussed. The presence of dentine powder in the
      system reduced the cytotoxic effects on these materials.

PMID- 6577163
TI  - Young dentists' views on dentistry.

PMID- 6577164
TI  - Recognizing periodontitis using the mesial system.

PMID- 6577165
TI  - Xerostomia.

PMID- 6577166
TI  - Office Environment Hazards Committee report. Recommended standards for: control
      of environmental hazards; establishment and maintenance of records; management of
      medical emergencies.

PMID- 6577167
TI  - Acute psychosis complicating induction therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Two adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed acute psychotic
      episodes shortly after induction therapy, which included prednisone, was begun.
      Symptoms included regressive behavior, incontinence, fluctuating levels of
      activity, and delusions. Both patients regained normal mental status after a
      number of weeks. Treatment included tapering of steroid dosage, introduction of a
      highly structured environment, and early use of chlorpromazine. Psychosis
      persisted beyond discontinuation of steroid therapy, but both patients
      subsequently received steroids after return of normal mentation, and in neither
      did psychosis recur.

PMID- 6577168
TI  - Twenty years of functional appliances.

PMID- 6577169
TI  - Nutrition during pregnancy, infancy, childhood, and adolescence.

PMID- 6577170
TI  - Sudden infant death syndrome vs. child abuse: the teenage connection.

PMID- 6577171
TI  - Self-injurious lip-biting: etiology and management.

PMID- 6577172
TI  - Tissue trauma and wound healing: concepts of repair for the health profession.

PMID- 6577173
TI  - Gingival aberrations in Dilantin-treated guinea pigs.

PMID- 6577174
TI  - The effects of some remineralizing solutions on early occlusal lesions.

PMID- 6577175
TI  - Oral health . . . part of the socialization process.

PMID- 6577176
TI  - Cementogenesis and soft tissue attachment after citric acid treatment in a human.
      An electron microscopic study.
AB  - The four maxillary incisors and two maxillary premolars of a 25-year-old male
      patient were used to study epithelial and connective tissue attachment 67 days
      and 164 days after flap surgery and cutting of an horizontal intradentinal groove
      near the buccal cervical region. Three teeth were topically conditioned for 3
      minutes with citric acid pH = 1. The three other teeth were used as controls. The
      histologic examination was carried out in double-blind conditions; the examiners
      did not know which specimens were acid treated until the end of the study. Two of
      the three cases treated with citric acid showed improved healing conditions, when
      compared to the controls; a more coronal position of the epithelial attachment in
      the dentin nick as well as a relatively important gain in connective tissue
      attachment. Two types of connective tissue attachment were observed. The first
      consisted of an attachment to dentin, without cementum formation and was
      characterized by a mineralization of decalcified dentin collagen spliced with
      collagen, newly secreted by fibroblasts. The second type involved cementum
      formation. Topical citric acid treatment, however, can not be considered as a
      completely reliable clinical procedure since in one experimental case the type of
      attachment observed was not better than that seen in the control.

PMID- 6577177
TI  - Leukocyte function in the etiology of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.
AB  - Patients with the diagnosis of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) and
      their controls, matched for age, sex, race and general plaque accumulation,
      donated blood for differential white blood cell counts and for assay of several
      leukocyte functions. The leukocyte function assays included polymorphonuclear
      leukocyte (PMN) responsiveness to chemotaxis and phagocytosis, and lymphocyte
      responsiveness to stimulation by nonspecific mitogens. The differential leukocyte
      counts were within the normal range for all subjects tested, and there was no
      difference between ANUG patients and controls. The ANUG patients did, however,
      display significantly depressed PMN responsiveness in both chemotaxis and
      phagocytosis, compared to the controls. There was also reduced DNA synthesis by
      ANUG patients' lymphocytes upon stimulation by a nonspecific mitogen (Con A). The
      data presented in this report suggest that depression of some host defense
      mechanisms, particularly PMN chemotaxis and phagocytosis, may be important in the
      pathogenesis of ANUG.

PMID- 6577178
TI  - Effect of factors other than pathologic status on responsiveness of peripheral
      blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic periodontitis.
AB  - Studies were designed to assess factors other than pathologic status of the cell
      donor which affect the blastogenic responsiveness in vitro of peripheral blood
      mononuclear cells (PBMs) from normal donors and patients with periodontitis.
      Cultures were established and activated using phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA) or
      homogenates of Actinomyces viscosus (AVIS), a gram-positive plaque microorganism,
      and Fusobacterium nucleatum (FUSO), a gram-negative plaque microorganism.
      Activation was assessed by measuring the incorporation of labeled precursor into
      DNA. The effects of incubation time, vessel shape, cell concentration,
      prostaglandin E2 and indomethacin on blastogenic responsiveness were studied.
      Blastogenic responsiveness became maximal after 5 to 8 days' activation with the
      bacterial substances, and after 3 days' activation with PHA. Radioactivity
      incorporated by cultures in microtest wells with flat, round and conical bottoms
      was 5.9, 7.8 and 10.6 X 10(3) cpm, respectively. Cultures of cells from all of
      the patients and normal subjects were activated by PHA, AVIS and FUSO, and cell
      concentration was a major determinant of the magnitude of the blastogenic
      response. Responsiveness of cultures from all patients and control subjects
      activated with AVIS and FUSO was inhibited significantly by prostaglandin E-2
      (PGE2) at a concentration of 10 microM. Inhibition was generally 50% or greater.
      Indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin production, at a concentration of 0.5
      micrograms/ml significantly enhanced responsiveness of AVIS- and FUSO-activated
      cultures from control donors and patients, indicating that prostaglandins are
      produced endogenously, and that they affect cell responsiveness. The effect of
      PGE2 and indomethacin on PHA-activated cultures was more variable and, where
      present, of a lesser magnitude than that observed for cultures activated with
      bacterial homogenates. In most cultures the effects were not statistically
      significant. Our data show that in studies of lymphocyte activation, the
      incubation time, culture-vessel shape, cell concentration and presence of
      endogenous inhibitors need to be taken into account.

PMID- 6577179
TI  - The potential attachment area of the maxillary first molar.
AB  - The assumption that the palatal (PAL) root of maxillary molars has significantly
      greater attachment area than either the mesiobuccal (MB) or the distobuccal (DB)
      root was tested by documenting the root surface area of the individual roots and
      root trunks of 20 extracted maxillary first molars. Each molar was cross
      sectioned every millimeter, and the circumference of each root and root trunk
      section was measured with a calibrated opisometer. Mean circumferential
      measurements from each 1-mm section were summed to give the surface area for each
      root and root trunk. The DB root had significantly less surface area than either
      the MB or PAL root or the root trunk. There was no significant difference between
      the surface areas of the MB and PAL roots. The surface area of the root trunk,
      which was significantly greater than that of any of the three individual roots,
      averaged 32% of the total root surface area of the maxillary first molar.

PMID- 6577180
TI  - A method for the geometric and densitometric standardization of intraoral
      radiographs.
AB  - The interpretation of dental radiographs for the diagnosis of periodontal disease
      conditions poses several difficulties. These include the inability to adequately
      reproduce the projection geometry and optical density of the exposures. In order
      to improve the ability to extract accurate quantitative information from a
      radiographic survey of periodontal status, a method was developed which provided
      for consistent reproduction of both geometric and densitometric exposure
      parameters. This technique employed vertical bitewing projections in holders
      customized to individual segments of the dentition. A copper stepwedge was
      designed to provide densitometric standardization, and wire markers were included
      to permit measurement of angular variation. In a series of 53 paired radiographs,
      measurement of alveolar crest heights was found to be reproducible within
      approximately 0.1 mm. This method provided a full mouth radiographic survey using
      seven films, each complete with internal standards suitable for computer-based
      image processing.

PMID- 6577181
TI  - The incidence of clinical infection after periodontal surgery. A retrospective
      study.
AB  - A large-scale retrospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of
      clinical infection after periodontal surgery and the effectiveness of
      prophylactic antibiotic therapy in preventing postoperative infection. All second
      year postgraduate students reviewed their patient records and completed a
      questionnaire. Eight infections were found in 884 operations performed without
      antibiotics, while one infection was found in 43 operations performed with
      antibiotics. Of 268 operations involving osseous surgery, six infections were
      noted while two infections were observed following 336 operations involving flap
      surgery without osteoplasty or ostectomy. The data indicated that the incidence
      of infection after periodontal surgery is very low in patients treated with or
      without antibiotics. It was concluded that unless there is a medical indication,
      there is no justification for using prophylactic antibiotic therapy to prevent
      infection following periodontal surgery.

PMID- 6577182
TI  - Incidence and extent of various sequelae with intravenous diazepam utilizing a
      standardized conscious sedation technique.

PMID- 6577183
TI  - N-acetyl-D-mannosamine analogues as potential inhibitors of sialic acid
      biosynthesis.
AB  - The 1,3,6-tri-O-acetyl and 1,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-mesyl analogues of N-acetyl-D
      mannosamine and the corresponding N-trifluoroacetyl derivative have been
      synthesized, and their effects on the proliferation of Friend erythroleukemia
      cells in culture have been evaluated. The acetamido series showed a dependency on
      the 4-substituent for optimum cytotoxicity while the trifluoroacetamido series
      did not. Thus, the 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl and 1,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-mesyl
      analogues of N-acetyl-D-mannosamine were 10-fold and 42-fold more active,
      respectively, than 2-acetamido-1,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranose
      as inhibitors of cellular replication. The corresponding trifluoroacetamido
      analogues were essentially equiactive and had a potency equivalent to that of the
      4-O-mesyl derivative in the acetamido series.

PMID- 6577184
TI  - Effect of hypoxia on polysynaptic hind-limb reflexes of unanaesthetized fetal and
      new-born lambs.
AB  - Polysynaptic reflex excitation of the hind-limb flexor muscles was produced by
      stimulation of the distal peroneal or common sciatic nerve in ten fetal and six
      new-born unanaesthetized lambs. In the fetal lambs, stimulation at 1.1-3.25 times
      threshold for direct activation of the nerve produced a reflex response which was
      greatest during high-voltage electrocortical activity, being reduced 69 +/- 5.0%
      (mean +/- S.E. of the mean) during low-voltage electrocortical activity.
      Reduction of the fetal arterial PO2 from 23.3 +/- 0.58 to 12.2 +/- 0.4 mmHg
      caused a rapid and reversible reduction of the reflex in all fetal lambs with
      intact spinal cord, including two whose brain stems were transected at the level
      of the colliculi. Hypoxia did not alter the amplitude of the reflex in two
      fetuses in which the spinal cord at L1-2 had been cut several days previously. In
      new-born lambs reduction of the arterial PO2 to 43 mmHg did not change the reflex
      amplitude during episodes of quiet wakefulness or slow-wave sleep. Brief
      reduction of the Pa,O2 to 20-30 mmHg caused a statistically insignificant
      reduction of reflex amplitude during quiet sleep before behavioural arousal. It
      is concluded that hypoxaemia activates reticular mechanisms in the pons and
      medulla of fetal lambs which decrease the excitability of spinal reflex pathways.
      In the new-born lamb such effects are counteracted or prevented by mechanisms
      associated with arousal.

PMID- 6577185
TI  - Effects of hypoxia on polysynaptic hind-limb reflexes in new-born lambs before
      and after carotid denervation.
AB  - Polysynaptic reflex responses in the hind limb were obtained by stimulating the
      peroneal nerve in unanaesthetized lambs between 4 and 12 days from birth, before
      and after carotid denervation. In intact lambs isocapnic reduction of the Pa,O2
      from 88 to 31 or to 23 mmHg caused an insignificant decrease in reflex amplitude.
      Denervation of the carotid bifurcations induced hypoventilation. When the Pa,O2
      was then reduced to 22 mmHg the reflex amplitude fell by 77%. In carotid
      denervated lambs after complete transection of the spinal cord at T12-L1,
      reduction of the Pa,O2 to 23 mmHg did not alter the size of the reflex. The same
      result was observed after section of the dorsal part of the lateral funiculi. It
      is concluded that, in the young lamb a few days after birth, the afferent
      activity of the carotid chemoreceptors during hypoxia plays an important role in
      maintaining the excitability of motor reflexes. The possible mechanisms are
      discussed.

PMID- 6577186
TI  - Prostaglandin synthesis by, and the effects of prostaglandins and prostaglandin
      analogues on, the vas deferens of the rabbit and rat in vitro.

PMID- 6577187
TI  - Identification by flow cytometry of human monocytes with fucose-binding lectin
      (FBL) from Lotus tetragonolobus seeds.
AB  - Fucose binding lectin (FBL) from Lotus tetragonolobus seeds has previously been
      shown by fluorescence microscopy to bind to human neutrophils. This study shows
      using highly sensitive flow cytometry that this lectin binds both to human
      peripheral blood neutrophils and monocytes but not to lymphocytes. This binding
      is blocked by the presence of free L-fucose and is reversible when neutrophils or
      monocytes stained with fluorescent FBL are subsequently incubated in 0.05 M L
      fucose. Quantitative comparison of neutrophils and monocytes from the same
      individual show that neutrophils bind approximately 2.6 times more FBL than
      monocytes and that FBL binding is more efficiently reversed with neutrophils, as
      compared with monocytes, by L-fucose. Additional double-labeling studies of cells
      with FBL and the OKM1 monoclonal antibody, which identifies monocytes and
      granulocytes, show that all cells binding FBL also stain with the OKM1 monoclonal
      antibody. This study shows that qualitatively, FBL may be utilized as a human
      myeloid cell marker to differentiate peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils
      from lymphocytes.

PMID- 6577189
TI  - Definition of death.

PMID- 6577188
TI  - Thin-film cavity treatment: a review.

PMID- 6577190
TI  - The practice of medicine.

PMID- 6577191
TI  - A community hospital's program for premedical student orientation.

PMID- 6577192
TI  - Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

PMID- 6577193
TI  - Colposcopy practice among obstetricians and gynecologists.

PMID- 6577194
TI  - Guidelines for the administration of blood and blood products.

PMID- 6577195
TI  - Graves' disease following resection of an autonomous solitary thyroid adenoma.

PMID- 6577197
TI  - Exclusive contracts.

PMID- 6577198
TI  - Optimal length of hospitalization for uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction
      is ten days.

PMID- 6577196
TI  - Incidental finding of a mediastinal lipoma in a child following trauma.

PMID- 6577199
TI  - Fine-needle aspiration of plasma cell tumors.

PMID- 6577200
TI  - Fine-needle biopsy of a solitary thyroid nodule arising during pregnancy.

PMID- 6577201
TI  - Pseudobridging hepatic necrosis in infectious mononucleosis.

PMID- 6577202
TI  - Hospital design, construction, and renovation.

PMID- 6577203
TI  - Rehabilitation.

PMID- 6577205
TI  - [Enhanced lethal effect of combined ACNU with x-ray on cultured HeLaS3 cells].
AB  - The combined effects of ACNU and X-irradiation on cultured HeLaS3 cells were
      investigated. Pretreatment with either ACNU or X-ray induced a substantial
      reduction in shoulder width the D0 value of the dose-response curve for the other
      agent, given later was unchanged. ACNU did not inhibit the recovery of sublethal
      damage (SLD) induced by X-ray when this treatment preceded the split-dose
      experiment. Our results indicate that some cell damage induced by each agent is
      transmissible to the progeny of the surviving cells and that the interaction of
      ACNU and X-irradiation was lethal to the cells.

PMID- 6577204
TI  - CpG frequency in large DNA segments.
AB  - The relationship between the deficiency of CpG dinucleotides and the coding
      noncoding segments of DNA has been examined. Analysis of five human alpha-like
      globin DNA sequences and five human beta-like globin DNA sequences reveal that
      there is no apparent difference between protein coding and non-coding portions of
      DNA. Rather CpG deficiency appears to be a property of long contiguous segments
      of DNA consisting of several genes and their intergenic regions. Thus we propose
      that CpG deficiency is not involved with translation or transcription but rather
      is related to chromosomal constraints.

PMID- 6577206
TI  - [Plasma exchange--plasma proteins and their fractionation].

PMID- 6577207
TI  - [Leucine amide specific LAP activity in hematological and lymphogenous
      disorders].

PMID- 6577208
TI  - [Cytogenetic studies of erythroid progenitor cells (CFU-E, BFU-E) in chronic
      myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6577209
TI  - [Vindesine plus L-asparaginase and prednisolone therapy (VDS-VLP therapy) for
      remission induction in children with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6577210
TI  - [A case of chronic neutrophilic leukemia accompanied by the infiltration of
      mature neutrophils in the liver sinusoids].

PMID- 6577211
TI  - [Two cases of acute leukemia associated with chronic interstitial nephritis].

PMID- 6577213
TI  - [Thyroid imaging with 197 Hg, 201T1, and 67Ga].

PMID- 6577212
TI  - Case of refractory acute myeloblastic leukemia who achieved complete remission by
      a new anti-leukemic agent, 4'-(9-acridinylamino) methanesulfon-m-anisidide
      (AMSA).

PMID- 6577214
TI  - [Medical electronics; lecture for nurses. 8. Respirator, humidifier, nebulizer].

PMID- 6577215
TI  - Correlation between cancers of the cervix and penis.

PMID- 6577216
TI  - Alteration of enzymatic methylation of DNA cytosines by chemical carcinogens: a
      mechanism involved in the initiation of carcinogenesis.

PMID- 6577217
TI  - Tar yields of cigarettes and male lung cancer risk.
AB  - Of 252 male lung cancer patients, 248 or 98% were cigarette smokers,
      significantly (P less than .001) more than in the control group (526 = 64% of
      839). In relation to the relative risks (RR) of never-smokers, the adjusted (for
      age, total years smoked, and average number of cigarettes smoked per day) lung
      cancer RR for smokers who had exclusively smoked cigarettes belonging to group II
      (15-24 mg tar/cigarette) was 10.4 (P less than .001); for smokers who had
      exclusively smoked cigarettes belonging to group III (greater than 24 mg
      tar/cigarette), it was 25.1 (P less than .001). The respective RR of smokers who
      had mainly smoked cigarettes belonging to group I (less than 15 mg
      tar/cigarette), group II, or group III were 10.9 (P less than .001), 20.6 (P less
      than .001), and 36.7 (P less than .001). After the differences in daily
      consumption were taken into account, the adjusted (for age and total years
      smoked) lung cancer RR for smokers who had consumed mainly cigarettes belonging
      to the various groups were the following: group II (11-20 cigarettes/day)
      compared to group III (11-20 cigarettes/day), RR = 0.6 (P less than .05); group
      II (greater than 20 cigarettes/day) compared to group III (greater than 20
      cigarettes/day), RR = 0.8; group II (greater than 20 cigarettes/day) compared to
      group III (11-20 cigarettes/day), RR = 1.3 (P less than .001); group II (greater
      than 20 cigarettes/day) compared to group III (less than 10 cigarettes/day), RR =
      7.8 (P less than .001); and group II (11-20 cigarettes/day) compared to group III
      (less than 10 cigarettes/day), RR = 2.5 (P less than .001).

PMID- 6577218
TI  - Antigenic heterogeneity of skin tumors of nonmelanocyte origin: analysis with
      monoclonal antibodies to tumor-associated antigens and to histocompatibility
      antigens.
AB  - Surgically removed benign and malignant human skin lesions of nonmelanocyte
      origin have been tested with monoclonal antibodies to la antigens, to the HLA-A,B
      antigenic molecular complex, and to melanoma-associated antigen(s) (MAA). MAA
      include a high-molecular-weight (HMW) MAA, a 115,000-molecular-weight MAA, a
      94,000-molecular-weight MAA, and a cytoplasmic MAA. Indirect immunofluorescence
      was used as the assay system because of the limited amount of tissue available.
      When the amount of tissue available was sufficient, double determinant
      immunoassays (DDIA) were used to quantitate the level of the HMW MAA and of the
      cytoplasmic MAA. The results of the DDIA were in agreement with those of indirect
      immunofluorescence in more than 75% of the cases. Malignant skin tumors of
      various histiotypes displayed three types of changes: 1) appearance of la
      antigens and cytoplasmic MAA, 2) increase in the level of the HMW MAA, of a
      115,000- and a 100,000-molecular-weight MAA, and 3) reduction in the level of HLA
      A,B antigens and beta 2-microglobulin. A significant heterogeneity was found in
      the antigenic profile among various lesions of a given histiotype as well as
      among tumor cells within a given lesion.

PMID- 6577219
TI  - DNA synthesis index: higher for human gallbladders with cholesterol gallstones
      than with pigment gallstones.
AB  - [3H]dThd uptake by the gallbladder epithelium was estimated in 33 patients with
      cholesterol stones, in 13 patients with pigment stones, and in 12 gallbladders
      without stones. Proliferative parameters were estimated by autoradiography after
      in vitro incubation with [3H]-dThd. Stones were identified by quantitative
      infrared spectroscopy. The degree of inflammation of the gallbladder wall was
      estimated by a histologic scoring method. In the gallbladders containing
      cholesterol stones the DNA synthesis index (1.39 +/- 0.28%) was higher (P less
      than .01) than in the gallbladders without stones (0.19 +/- 0.04%). No
      significant increase in proliferative parameters was found in the gallbladders
      with pigment stones (0.24 +/- 0.06%). No correlation was found between total
      stone number, weight or volume, and the DNA synthesis index. No evidence was
      observed that inflammation could influence the epithelial cell proliferation.
      Something in the bile of patients with cholesterol stones rather than the
      physical presence of stones may be the cause of the variations observed.

PMID- 6577220
TI  - Genetic epidemiology of breast cancer and associated cancers in high-risk
      families. I. Segregation analysis.
AB  - Genetic and environmental hypotheses that might explain the patterns of
      occurrence of breast cancer and associated cancers in 18 large families at high
      risk of the disease were tested with the use of segregation analysis. For 16
      pedigrees, results were consistent with the hypothesis that breast cancer has a
      genetic etiology. In 2 other families, breast cancer appeared more likely to have
      an environmental origin. Breast cancer susceptibility is best explained by
      hypotheses that postulate autosomal dominant susceptibility alleles in 10
      families with primarily premenopausal breast cancer and ovarian cancer, in 4
      families with primarily postmenopausal breast cancer, and in 2 families with
      breast cancer, brain tumor, sarcoma, leukemia, and adrenocortical carcinoma in
      children and young adults. In an accompanying paper, genetic susceptibility in
      the first 2 groups of families is further explored with the use of linkage
      analysis.

PMID- 6577221
TI  - Genetic epidemiology of breast cancer and associated cancers in high-risk
      families. II. Linkage analysis.
AB  - Chromosomal locations of hypothetical alleles which increase susceptibility to
      human breast cancer in some families were investigated by genetic linkage
      analysis. In 7 families with primarily premenopausal breast cancer and (in 5
      families) ovarian cancer, a dominant susceptibility allele may be linked to the
      genetic marker glutamicpyruvic transaminase or alanine aminotransferase (GPT; lod
      score 1.95 at zero recombination). The most positive lod score for linkage to a
      recessive susceptibility allele was for acid phosphatase (ACP; lod score 0.78 at
      40% recombination), but ACP was informative in ony 1 family. In 3 families with
      primarily postmenopausal breast cancer, none of 21 genetic markers provided any
      evidence for linkage to either dominant or recessive susceptibility alleles. In
      the families with the possible GPT linkage, women who carry the hypothetical
      susceptibility allele would be at high risk of breast cancer, whereas their
      relatives who do not carry that allele would have no increased risk. GPT genotype
      is not associated with breast cancer risk in the general population, so GPT
      linkage cannot be used as a screening test for breast cancer.

PMID- 6577222
TI  - Immunoglobulins intrinsic to colorectal carcinoma: an unfavorable prognostic
      association with IgM.
AB  - Immunoglobulin (Ig) eluates prepared from cell membrane fractions of 50
      colorectal carcinomas were found to contain significantly (P less than .001) less
      IgA and IgM and marginally less IgG than normal colon mucosa. IgA and IgG were
      present in all tumors, but IgM was present in only 20 of 50 tumors (40%). Small
      (less than or equal to the median vol) tumors contained significantly (P less
      than .05) more IgA and IgG per gram tissue than did large tumors. Tumors with a
      large (greater than the median) proportion of stroma contained more IgG than did
      those with less stroma. No associations were found between Ig and amount of
      viable-appearing tumor tissue, necrosis, mucin production, and staging. Patients
      whose tumors contained measurable amounts of IgM had a significantly (P = .012)
      shorter survival than did patients without intrinsic IgM (12 and 27 mo at the
      75th percentile, respectively). The difference could not be explained by
      conventional staging.

PMID- 6577223
TI  - Cigarette smoking among successive birth cohorts of men and women in the United
      States during 1900-80.
AB  - Trends in cigarette smoking among successive cohorts of men and women were
      reconstructed from smoking histories of respondents to the 1978-80 Health
      Interview Surveys. Estimated smoking rates among the older cohorts were then
      adjusted for the differential mortality of cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. By
      1920, over half of the young male population smoked cigarettes. Not until 1950
      did more than a third of the young female population smoke cigarettes. The
      proportion of men who ever smoked cigarettes progressively declined with each
      successive cohort born after 1920. By contrast, the proportion of women who ever
      smoked declined only among cohorts born after 1940. Cessation of cigarette
      smoking from age 30 years onward was observed for all cohorts of men. Cessation
      rates accelerated for men who reached age 30 after 1960. By contrast, smoking
      cessation from age 30 was observed only for women who reached age 30 after 1950.
      Cessation rates accelerated only for women who reached age 30 after 1970. For
      each cohort, recent smoking cessation rates for men have exceeded those for
      women. Maximum exposure to cigarette smoking probably occurred among men who are
      now in their seventh and eighth decades. By contrast, peak exposure to smoking
      probably occurred among women who are now only in their fifth and sixth decades.

PMID- 6577224
TI  - Epidemiology of breast cancer and hair dyes.
AB  - In a case-control study of 401 breast cancer cases and 625 age-matched controls,
      the possible etiologic role of hair dye usage was investigated. No association
      was found between hair dye use and breast cancer (odds ratio = 1.02; 95%
      confidence interval = 0.77-1.32) or any factors affecting dosage, frequency,
      duration, type, or color of hair dye. Important confounders of hair dye use
      included religion and smoking status. When stratified by 10-year age groups,
      there was no appreciable trend in risk status between case and referent
      populations. No dose-response relationship (frequency X duration X shade X type
      of dye used) was found, even after controlling for factors affecting hair dye
      use. A multiple logistic regression analysis supported the absence of this
      relationship.

PMID- 6577225
TI  - Lung cancer mortality among U.S. uranium miners: a reappraisal.
AB  - This report examines lung cancer mortality among a cohort of white underground
      uranium miners in the Colorado plateau and is based on mortality follow-up
      through December 31, 1977. The analytic methods represent a miner's annual age
      specific lung cancer mortality rate as the (unspecified) rate among nonsmoking
      men born at the same time and with no mining history, multiplied by the relative
      risk factor R. This factor depends on the miner's total exposures to radon
      daughters [in working level months (WLM) and to cigarettes (in packs),
      accumulated from start of exposure until 10 years before his current age. Among
      those examined, the relative risk function giving the highest likelihood of the
      data was R = (1 + 0.31 X 10(-2) WLM)(1 + 0.51 X 10(-3) packs). This
      multiplicative function specifies that ratios of mortality rates for miners
      versus nonminers with similar age and smoking characteristics do not depend on
      smoking status. By contrast, differences between miners' and nonminers' mortality
      rates are substantially higher for smokers than for nonsmokers. The data rejected
      (P = .01) several additive functions for R that specify relative risk as a sum of
      components due to radiation and to cigarette smoking. Cumulative exposures to
      both radiation and cigarettes gave better fits to the data than did average
      annual exposure rates. Age at start of underground mining had no effect on risk,
      after controlling for age at lung cancer death, year of birth, and cumulative
      radiation and smoking exposures.

PMID- 6577226
TI  - Capillary endothelial cell migration: stimulating activity of aqueous humor from
      patients with ocular cancers.
AB  - In double-masked studies, various concentrations of aqueous humor (AH) from 157
      patients (208 samples) with ocular cancers, nonmalignant ocular lesions, and
      normal eyes were added to bovine capillary endothelial (BCE) cells plated onto
      gold-coated cover slips. The phagokinetic tracks made by 100 cells at each
      concentration were traced, and the mean area of migration plus or minus the
      standard error of the mean was determined. Data are expressed as the percentages
      of increase in mean track area made by 100 cells incubated in medium that
      contained AH samples beyond the mean area of 100 cells incubated in medium alone.
      The percentage increases in migration-stimulating activity were as follows: a)
      malignant ocular disease--retinoblastoma (30 samples), 34 +/- 2; malignant
      melanoma (55 samples), 37 +/- 3; b) nonmalignant ocular disease--cataracts,
      glaucoma, pseudoglioma, and diabetic retinopathy (36 samples), 14 +/- 2; c)
      control AH--no ocular disease (51 samples), 9 +/- 1; normal eyes and systemic
      cancer (36 samples), 38 +/- 6. The percentage increase in endothelial cell
      migration was as great in cases of systemic cancer as it was in cases of ocular
      cancer. The endothelial cell migration-stimulating activity in AH from patients
      with intraocular cancers was significantly higher than the levels in the other
      groups of patients having no systemic cancer (P much less than .001). In
      addition, when the results were compared in the control group and the group with
      benign ocular disease, no significant differences were detected (P greater than
      .01).

PMID- 6577227
TI  - Prognostic indicators of tumor response to Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I
      plasma perfusion.
AB  - Ten tumor-bearing dogs were treated with passage of autologous plasma over fixed
      Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I. Five similar dogs were treated identically
      except for the exposure to S. aureus. These animals have been assessed to
      identify positive and negative prognostic variables for response. Nonresponder
      treated animals had significantly larger chest wall tumor bulk than did the
      responder and control groups (P less than .01). Responder animals had fewer
      initial circulating immune complexes than did the nonresponders, though each
      group had similar reductions in immune complexes with therapy. Nonresponder
      animals had smaller volumes of plasma processed per kilogram of body weight per
      procedure than did controls (P = .016), whereas responder and control animals had
      similar volumes processed per kilogram of body weight per procedure (P = .84).
      These data suggest that the response observed in our original series was
      significantly related to the larger amount of plasma treated per procedure and
      suggest that a factor may be eluted from the S. aureus cartridge that mediates
      this response.

PMID- 6577228
TI  - Experimental studies in rat lungs on the carcinogenicity and dose-response
      relationships of eight frequently occurring environmental polycyclic aromatic
      hydrocarbons.
AB  - The biologic activity of eight highly purified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
      (PAH) widely distributed in the human environment was tested in the respiratory
      tracts of rats. These studies were performed for the examination of carcinogenic
      activity of the compounds and determination of a dose-response relationship. The
      lung implantation method was used in 3-month-old female OM rats. A dose-response
      relationship was obtained for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), anthanthrene (ANT),
      benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IND), benzo[j]fluoranthene
      (BjF), and benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF). Benzo[e]pyrene and benzo[ghi]perylene
      showed no tumor-producing effect in this system when given at doses of 5 mg. The
      histologic and mathematical evaluations indicated that the investigated compounds
      had distinct carcinogenic potencies. After probit analysis of the results, the
      carcinogenic potencies of PAH investigated in the lung implantation model rank as
      follows: BaP, 1.00; ANT, 0.19; BbF, 0.11; IND, 0.08; BkF, 0.03; and BjF, 0.03.

PMID- 6577229
TI  - Thioacetamide hepatocarcinogenesis.
AB  - Thioacetamide (TAA) was administered to inbred male ACI rats for 1 year to
      determine its hepatocarcinogenicity. The carcinogen was fed at a level of 0.035%
      in a semipurified diet so that other components could be manipulated. The
      following groups were used: group I, TAA alone; group II, TAA with riboflavin
      content at 0.002% (one-third of the daily requirement); group III, TAA plus a
      supplement of 0.05% crude bovine thyroid; and group IV, TAA, 0.002% riboflavin,
      and thyroid supplement. All groups demonstrated cirrhosis, neoplastic nodules,
      and cholangiofibromas to varying degrees. Group IV was invariably the most
      advanced in all lesions, while group II demonstrated the next most advanced
      picture of cholangiofibromas. These lesions persisted for 1 year after cessation
      of the diet. Primary hepatocarcinomas (PHC) were produced by groups I, III, and
      IV, with the highest number being in group IV. Group II evoked only primary
      cholangiocarcinomas (PCC). A number of both types of carcinomas transplanted
      successfully. Thus TAA appears to be a hepatocarcinogen capable of inducing
      either PHC or PCC, with the tumor type evoked somewhat dependent on the
      associated diet.

PMID- 6577230
TI  - Suppression of tumorigenicity in somatic cell hybrids. II. Human chromosomes
      implicated as suppressors of tumorigenicity in hybrids with Chinese hamster ovary
      cells.
AB  - Nontumorigenic diploid human cells were fused with tumorigenic Chinese hamster
      ovary cells (CHO), and the hybrids were tested for tumorigenicity to determine if
      specific human chromosomes are associated with suppression of tumorigenicity in
      cell hybrids. Chromosome complements of cells of 62 nontumorigenic and 45
      tumorigenic hybrids (divided into those of low, medium, and high tumorigenicity)
      as well as 44 tumors derived from the tumorigenic hybrids were determined by both
      analysis of banded chromosomes and assays of gene markers. Although no single
      human chromosome was consistently associated with the suppressed phenotype,
      chromosome 2 was never found in tumor cells, and chromosomes 9, 10, 11, and 17
      were found at very low incidences in tumor cells, which suggested that they carry
      tumorigenicity suppressor information. Since not all suppressed hybrids contained
      these chromosomes, it is likely that they suppressed tumorigenicity only in
      combination with each other or other chromosomes. Nine chromosomes in 12 pairwise
      combinations of nonhomologous chromosomes were not found in tumor cells and were
      found at an incidence of 5% or less in hybrids of both medium and high
      tumorigenicity. Other experiments implicated 11 of these combinations involving
      only 8 chromosomes (chromosomes 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, and 17) as those
      primarily involved in suppression. Whether chromosome 2 requires another
      chromosome to effect suppression could not be determined. Further evaluations of
      the implicated suppressors, including selection of tumorigenic segregants from a
      panel of suppressed hybrids, again implicated the same chromosomes and their
      combinations in suppression. Oncogenes have been mapped to many of these
      chromosomes, and they are frequently involved in tumor-type-specific numerical or
      structural abnormalities in human neoplasias. The combined evidence suggests that
      specific human chromosomes of a normal cell carry genes that can regulate several
      cell phenotypes necessary for the expression of tumorigenicity.

PMID- 6577231
TI  - Inhibitor cells in spleens of mice with low natural killer activity.
AB  - Inbred strains of mice differ markedly in levels of natural killer (NK) cytotoxic
      activity. BPS mice normally have very low spleen cell NK activity. However, their
      NK activity can be significantly augmented with the use of interferon inducer,
      which suggests that this basic low reactivity is not a result of low numbers of
      precursor cells or defects in the lytic mechanism. Normally, their spleens
      contain suppressor cells, as evidenced by the ability of BPS spleen cells to
      inhibit in vitro the NK activity of spleen cells from high-responder strains of
      mice. Cells responsible for the suppression are located in the dense fraction
      after separation in Ficoll-Hypaque and are nylon wool-adherent. Studies on the
      kinetics of inhibition indicate that the mechanism of inhibition is not merely
      competition for target-binding sites. Although these suppressor cells can act on
      mature NK effectors in vitro, their activity in vivo may be more complex, since
      mature BPS NK effectors are not revealed when the suppressors are removed.

PMID- 6577232
TI  - Glucocorticoid binding properties of mouse thymic lymphosarcoma cell populations
      selected for resistance to the cytolytic effects of glucocorticoids in vivo.
AB  - Thirteen independently derived murine thymic lymphosarcoma lines were assayed for
      various aspects of sensitivity to glucocorticoid-induced cytolysis. All tumor
      lines were sensitive to cytolysis, as evidenced by profound tumor regression
      after pharmacologic doses of cortisol. All tumor lines contained about 20,000
      high-affinity, dexamethasone binding sites/cell. Between 55 and 88% of these
      presumptive receptor sites underwent nuclear translocation during a 30-minute
      incubation at 37 degrees C. Dissociation constants (Kd) for the dexamethasone
      receptor complex were between 1.5 and 3.6 nM in all cases. Kd for the
      triamcinolone acetonide-receptor complex were determined for a few tumor lines
      and were between 0.5 and 0.9 nM. Cytolysis-resistant subpopulations were selected
      by prolonged glucocorticoid treatment of BALB/c pi mice bearing tumors from seven
      of the lymphosarcoma lines. All seven resistant subpopulations contained about
      20,000 high-affinity, dexamethasone binding sites/cell. Between 57 and 80% of
      these presumptive receptor sites underwent nuclear translocation under standard
      assay conditions. No resistant variants exhibited significantly reduced
      dexamethasone binding or nuclear translocation properties.

PMID- 6577233
TI  - Effect of dietary 18-carbon fatty acids on growth of transplantable mammary
      adenocarcinomas in mice.
AB  - The growth rates of 2 spontaneously developed mammary adenocarcinomas, one in a
      female C3H mouse and the other in a female BALB/c mouse, were determined after
      transplantation into isologous female mice fed a specific diet to which various
      edible fats or pure fatty acids were added. The 18-carbon fatty acids used
      contained one (oleate), two (linoleate), or three (linolenate and columbinate)
      double bonds in either the 5, 9, 12, or 15 positions. The transplanted tumors
      grew to a larger size in C3H mice fed the 10% corn oil diet (with approximately
      equal to 60% linoleate content) than in those fed the 10% hydrogenated oil diet
      (without linoleate). The C3H mice fed diets with 1% linoleic acid developed
      significantly larger tumors than did those fed 1% oleic acid, whereas those fed
      1% columbinic acid did not develop significantly heavier tumors compared to 1%
      oleic acid-fed mice. This finding occurred despite the fact that both oleate and
      columbinate were taken up and were incorporated into complex lipids by the
      transplanted tumor and the ratio of monoenoic:dienoic:polyenoic fatty acids in
      the neoplasms' lipids from columbinate-fed mice was similar to that from
      linoleate-fed mice. Columbinate, similarly to linoleate, has both 9-cis and 12
      cis double bonds, but it also possesses a trans double bond in the 5 position
      that apparently prevents its conversion to prostaglandins (PG). These results are
      entirely consistent with the view that production of PG is required for tumor
      enhancement by dietary polyunsaturated fat. In the experiment with BALB/c mice,
      tumor growth was stimulated by 1% dietary linoleic acid but not by 1% linolenic
      acid when compared with that observed with 1% oleic acid. Thus as a result of
      these new experiments, PG of series 1 or 2 are more likely to be involved in the
      process of tumor growth enhancement than are PG of series 3.

PMID- 6577234
TI  - Modification of pancreatic carcinogenesis in the hamster model. IX. Effect of
      pancreatitis.
AB  - The effect of acute and recurrent pancreatitis was investigated in pancreatic
      cancer induction by N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) in Syrian golden
      hamsters. For the correlation of the cellular alteration with carcinogenesis, BOP
      (20 mg/kg body wt) was injected once sc into hamsters at day 3 (group 2), week 1
      (group 3), and week 8 (group 4), corresponding to cellular degeneration,
      regeneration, and healing, respectively. Additional groups received BOP 30
      minutes before common duct ligation for 48 hours (group 1) or before repeated
      induction of pancreatitis at 4 weekly intervals for 4 weeks (group 5). Group 6
      was a pancreatitis control. Two groups of hamsters received BOP only, at the age
      of 8 weeks (group 7, which served as a BOP control for groups 1-3 and 5) or at
      the age of 16 weeks (group 8, the control for group 4). Hamsters were killed 46
      weeks after BOP injection (with the exception of group 1 animals, which were
      killed 52 wk after BOP) to guarantee the same postcarcinogen exposure time in
      each group. The results showed that BOP, when given during cellular degeneration
      (group 2) and healing (group 4), induced significantly fewer carcinomas than in
      the control groups, whereas the tumor pattern was not affected when BOP was given
      before pancreatitis induction (group 1) or at the time of cellular regeneration
      (group 3). Recurrent pancreatitis (group 5), however, resulted in carcinomas
      significantly larger in number and size than those in control group 8. A
      significantly higher incidence of carcinomas occurred in group 8 controls
      (treated with BOP at the age of 16 wk) compared to the incidence in group 7
      controls (treated with BOP at the age of 8 wk).

PMID- 6577236
TI  - Subchronic cigarette smoke inhalation studies in inbred syrian golden hamsters
      that develop laryngeal carcinoma upon chronic exposure.
AB  - Inbred BIO 15.16 Syrian golden hamsters were exposed for 6-20 weeks to smoke from
      three types of experimental cigarettes. The incidence and severity of laryngeal
      hyperplasia increased in these hamsters, a few (2) laryngeal papillomas appeared,
      alveolar macrophages became more frequent and aggregated, and hyperplasia of
      terminal bronchiolar epithelium occurred. This subchronic response of hamsters to
      smoke markedly differed for the three types of cigarettes. Statistical evaluation
      of the data by log linear models proved these differences to be significant. At
      equal doses of smoke, the most severe response was caused by an all-tobacco
      cigarette. The weakest subchronic effects, next to those seen in the negative
      control group, were elicited by smoke from a cellulose-derived tobacco
      supplement. The effects of smoke from a 1:1 blend of the two smoking materials
      were intermediate. The severity of the subchronic response of the respiratory
      tract paralleled the extent of malignant transformations of the larynx previously
      observed in the same animal model with the same three types of cigarettes in
      chronic inhalation studies.

PMID- 6577235
TI  - Heparin effect on DNA synthesis in a murine fibrosarcoma cell line: influence of
      anionic density.
AB  - The effects of heparin subfractions on DNA synthesis in a murine cutaneous
      fibrosarcoma cell line were examined. Porcine mucosal heparin was preparatively
      fractionated for anionic charge density by DEAE-Sephadex chromatography and for
      molecular weight by Sephadex G-100 filtration. The cell line was plated from
      confluent monolayer cultures and grown in medium and fetal bovine serum, with or
      without a heparin fraction at a final concentration of 10 micrograms/ml. At
      intervals thereafter, the cells were pulsed with [3H]thymidine. A low-charge
      density heparin fraction stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation (cpm/mg protein
      and cpm/cell) during the first 3 days of growth compared to control values
      without added heparin, whereas a high-charge density heparin fraction had little
      of this effect (186 +/- 35% of control vs. 101 +/- 14%, respectively; P less than
      .05). The augmentation of DNA synthesis observed with the low-charge density
      fraction correlated with increased proportions of cells in S and G2 phases
      compared with those of the controls, as determined by flow cytofluorometry. Low-
      and high-molecular-weight heparin fractions did not significantly alter DNA
      synthesis. Heparin subfractions are thus heterogeneous with respect to their
      effect on cellular DNA synthesis in this tumor line.

PMID- 6577237
TI  - N-nitroso-N-methylurea-induced mammary carcinogenesis: effect of pregnancy on
      preneoplastic cells.
AB  - The effect of pregnancy and lactation on mammary cancers induced with N-nitroso-N
      methylurea (NMU) was determined in female outbred Sprague-Dawley rats. The
      animals received 5 mg NMU/100 g body weight at 50 days of age and were divided
      into the following groups: virgin, pregnancy (beginning 10 days after NMU
      administration), pregnancy and lactation (beginning 10 days after NMU), and
      pregnancy and lactation (beginning 82 days after NMU). The time of appearance of
      the first palpable cancers was shorter in rats undergoing an early pregnancy. Few
      cancers, however, were detected from rats after pregnancy or pregnancy and
      lactation was completed, and a decrease in cancer incidence from virgin rats was
      observed in these animals at termination of the study. Since NMU is a direct
      acting carcinogen with a short half-life, no effect of pregnancy on carcinogen
      metabolism or binding could have occurred. Preneoplastic cells present before
      pregnancy appeared to have been either altered (such that their latent period was
      increased) or destroyed by the hormones associated with pregnancy.

PMID- 6577238
TI  - [Prostaglandins A1, E1 and F2 alpha concentrations in the arterial and coronary
      venous blood of patients with ischemic heart disease during induced myocardial
      ischemia].
AB  - Prostaglandins (PGA1, PGE1 and PGF2 alpha) were assayed in 15 patients with
      chronic coronary disease during an anginal attack induced through frequent atrial
      stimulation. Measurements from eleven patients with intact coronary arteries
      served as control. Lactate extraction coefficient was used as a biochemical
      indicator of myocardial ischemia; the latter was associated with increased
      production of coronary sinus PGF2 alpha and arterial PGA1. No correlation could
      be established between PG levels in the studied series, the extent of ST
      depression on electrocardiograms, lactate extraction level and hemodynamic
      manifestations.

PMID- 6577239
TI  - Invasive uroradiology: an update.

PMID- 6577240
TI  - Exercise and the heart.

PMID- 6577241
TI  - Pulmonary paragonimiasis in South Carolina.

PMID- 6577242
TI  - Presidential Inauguration Address, April 15, 1983, Charleston, South Carolina.
      Our medical heritage--concern thyself.

PMID- 6577243
TI  - The relation of undergraduate major to medical school admission and medical
      school performance.

PMID- 6577244
TI  - Fluidic cycling devices for inspiratory and expiratory timing in automatic
      ventilators.
AB  - The theoretically desirable characteristics of fluidic timing devices for use in
      automatic ventilators are discussed. The principal limitation of most timers
      described is the separate control of inspiratory and expiratory time. It is more
      convenient to have one control for frequency and a separate control for I:E
      ratio. Two new circuits are described which allow this independent adjustment of
      frequency and I:E ratio.

PMID- 6577245
TI  - Glucocorticoid induced cytolysis of human normal and malignant lymphocytes.
AB  - Contrary to the general concept that man is a "glucocorticoid resistant species"
      this work demonstrates distinct human lymphoid subsets which are readily lysed in
      vitro by upper physiological and pharmacological concentrations of cortisol.
      These populations include the thymocyte precursor cells, i.e. prothymocytes, and
      immunoactivated T lymphocytes. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and malignant
      cells from part of the acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients were also found to
      be highly sensitive to the in vitro cortisol induced lysis. The leukemic cells
      from all acute and chronic myeloid leukemias and from some acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia patients were found to be completely resistant to cortisol-induced
      lysis, even at the super pharmacological levels of the hormone. The lysis of the
      sensitive cell populations was specifically induced by glucocorticoids but not by
      other steroid hormones. Studies of the cytolic process showed high-affinity
      binding of the cortisol molecule to specific cytoplasmic receptor, and implied
      induction of "autolytic protein" synthesis. It is suggested that the observed in
      vitro cortisol-induced lysis accounts for part of the clinical effects of
      glucocorticoids. Furthermore this phenomenon may reflect a normal regulatory
      mechanism exerted by the corticoadrenal hormones on the immune system.

PMID- 6577246
TI  - Significance of glucocorticoid receptors and responses in leukaemia.
AB  - Glucocorticoid receptor levels and cellular responses to glucocorticoid treatment
      in vitro were evaluated for the malignant cells from patients with leukaemia.
      Cells from all cases of lymphoid and myeloid leukaemia contained glucocorticoid
      receptors; receptor levels and the extent of in vitro responses appeared to
      depend primarily on cell type and differentiation status. For acute lymphoblastic
      leukaemia (ALL), high receptor levels were associated with the common ALL
      phenotype, intermediate levels with null (unclassified) ALL and low levels with T
      ALL. Considerable variation in receptor levels and in responses in vitro was
      observed for acute myeloid leukaemia; receptor levels measured by whole-cell
      assay did not relate to patient survival.

PMID- 6577247
TI  - Fertility of dairy cattle following oestrus and ovulation controlled with
      cloprostenol, oestradiol benzoate and progesterone or progesterone and
      cloprostenol.
AB  - There have been several approaches to the control of the timing of the oestrous
      cycle and ovulation in dairy cattle in the last three decades. The first phase
      involved the use of progestins which were administered in various forms for
      prolonged periods. Although the timing of oestrus was controlled in most animals
      after withdrawal of the treatment, this control was not very precise and
      pregnancy rates from insemination at the first oestrus after treatment were
      reported to be below normal. Attempts were then made to combine short-term
      progestin treatments with oestrogens as luteolytic agents to gain better control
      of the timing of oestrus and ovulation. These studies resulted in some cases in
      better synchronization of oestrus and improved pregnancy rates. The discovery
      that prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and its synthetic analogue, cloprostenol
      were potent luetolytic agents in the cow led in the past decade to the use of
      these agents for oestrus and ovulation control in cattle. Prostaglandins for this
      purpose are ineffective in anovulatory cows, in cows with deficient luteal
      function and in the first 5 days of the oestrus cycle when a new corpus luteum is
      being formed. This limitation in their use has encouraged investigations into the
      combined use of short-term progestin treatment with prostaglandins to give more
      effective control of the timing of oestrus and ovulation and to avoid the adverse
      effects on fertility of long-term progestin treatment. Short-term progestin
      treatment combined with prostaglandins should mean that fewer cows would have
      ovulation suppressed for long periods and fertility of treated cows should be
      improved. A comparison of three procedures of ovulation control and fertility
      results shows the short-term progestin treatment combined with prostaglandin to
      be the most effective.

PMID- 6577248
TI  - Hormone production by the early bovine embryo.

PMID- 6577249
TI  - Detection of binding sites for spiroperidol on leukemic cells: its value for the
      phenotype characterization of lymphoid leukemias.
AB  - The specific binding of the dopamine antagonist spiroperidol was studied in
      leukemic cell samples of various phenotypes. Among these only B-cell samples from
      chronic lymphocytic leukemias (7/7) and some "null" cell samples from acute
      lymphoblastic leukemias (2/7) showed specific binding. B cells from a
      prolymphocytic leukemia were negative as were also T-lymphoid and non-lymphoid
      leukemic cells at different stages of maturation. This pattern can be clearly
      correlated with the previous results obtained with normal blood cells and on cell
      lines. Moreover, it suggests that the detection of spiroperidol binding sites
      could provide a new means of distinguishing different phenotypes among B cells
      and early lymphoid cells. Our results open the way to further studies which might
      show a correlation between spiroperidol binding sites and the new immunological
      markers defining subsets among non-T lymphoid cells, as well as defining their
      physiological meaning.

PMID- 6577250
TI  - Changes in the surface marker pattern related to maturation in adult acute
      myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - Introduction of the maturation index (MI) as a measure for the degree of
      maturation improved the subtyping of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A comparison
      is made here between the MI and the results of surface marker analysis with a
      panel of monoclonal antibodies (McAb) in the immunofluorescence technique. The
      McAb applied in 46 AML patients (greater than or equal to 15 years) were
      granulocyte specific (MI/N1, UJ 308, B4-3, B13-9), granulocyte-monocyte specific
      (OKM-1, B2-12) or had specificity for the Ia-like antigen (OKI-1), 'T-cells'
      (3A1), immature cells (OKT-10) or platelets (C17-28). In 32 of these patients
      more McAb could be investigated with specificities for granulocytes (VIM-D5),
      granulocytes-monocytes (RUPI-5), monocytes (MONO BRL, RUPI-4), erythrocytes (VIE
      G4) and AML cells (VIM-S8). An increase in surface marker expression evident from
      the reaction with a number of McAb (UJ 308, B2-12, OKM-1 and OKI-1) paralleled
      the rise of the MI in FAB M5. A decrease of the expression of antigen detected by
      OKI-1 paralleled the rise of the MI in FAB M1-3. The granulocyte or monocyte
      specific McAb, as they are determined on normal human peripheral blood cells, did
      not distinguish between FAB M1-3 and M5. The maturation index seems to be a
      valuable tool in understanding the results of surface marker analysis.

PMID- 6577251
TI  - Differentiation of human leukemia cells and its usefulness for clinical
      diagnosis.
AB  - Various chemical inducers have effects on the induction of terminal
      differentiation of human myelogenous leukemia cell lines. We studied
      morphological and functional changes of human leukemia cells freshly obtained
      from patients using 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), retinoic acid
      (RA) or dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). The myeloid leukemia cells cultured with TPA
      became adherent to plastic culture dishes, and then developed macrophage-like
      morphology with long filamentous pseudopods within 48 h incubation. They showed
      marked enhancement of the ability to phagocytose latex particles. But these
      acquired properties did not always parallel each other, suggesting that the
      mechanism of functional maturation of leukemic cells induced by chemical agents
      was not identical with that of morphological changes. On the other hand, the
      lymphoid leukemia cells did not show morphological and functional changes when
      cultured with the above inducers. It is suggested that exposure of leukemic cells
      to TPA for relatively short times (12-24 h) may be useful for determining whether
      they are of myeloid or lymphoid origin. These characteristic changes were also
      observed in leukemic cells from the myeloid or lymphoid crisis of chronic
      myelogenous leukemia.

PMID- 6577252
TI  - Studies of myelopoiesis in vitro on blood and bone marrow cells of patients with
      acute leukemia in long-term remission.
AB  - In vitro myelopoiesis in a group of ten patients with acute leukemia (6 AML, 1
      APML, 3 ALL) in long-term remission has been studied. The patients remained in
      first stable remission for at least 4 years and maintenance therapy had been
      completed in all patients except one. In the patients, colony formation of bone
      marrow cells after 7 days of incubation was significantly increased compared to a
      representative control group. The proliferation of microclusters after 3
      incubation days was also markedly enhanced, and accelerated proliferation of all
      aggregates (microclusters, macroclusters and colonies) could be demonstrated in
      culture with the patients' bone marrow cells. The use of autologous feeder layers
      and autologous serum showed no inhibitory effect on colony formation. The
      proportion of eosinophil colonies formed with the patients' bone marrow cells was
      in the normal range. In contrast to the high proliferation capacity of bone
      marrow precursor cells the CFU-c number of peripheral blood was significantly
      decreased in the patients' group. No significant correlation between CFU-c number
      of bone marrow and blood cells could be found. The colony stimulating activity of
      the patients' peripheral mononuclear cells was normal compared to healthy
      controls. We conclude from this study that even in long-term remission of acute
      leukemia certain in vitro abnormalities exist in myelopoietic proliferation and
      regulation.

PMID- 6577253
TI  - Prolongation by interferon preparation of the survival time of mice implanted
      with differentiation-inducible mouse myeloid leukemia cells.
AB  - The effect of L-cell interferon (IFN) preparation on the survival times of mice
      implanted with two different clones (T-22 and R-4) of mouse myeloid leukemic M1
      cells were examined. T-22 cells, but not variant R-4 cells, can be induced to
      differentiate in vitro or in vivo into macrophages and granulocytes. In vitro
      growth of R-4 cells was markedly suppressed by IFN, but that of T-22 cells was
      resistant to IFN. The survival times of mice with implanted T-22 cells were
      prolonged by treatment with IFN but those of mice with implanted R-4 cells were
      not.

PMID- 6577254
TI  - [Tuberculosis and pseudoleukemia: study of 4 patients].

PMID- 6577255
TI  - [Genetics and cancers].

PMID- 6577256
TI  - [Psychological disease, Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome and obsession with
      perfection].

PMID- 6577257
TI  - Gene transfer into mouse embryos: production of transgenic mice by pronuclear
      injection.

PMID- 6577258
TI  - Introduction of exogenous DNA into cotton embryos.

PMID- 6577259
TI  - Methods utilizing cell-free protein-synthesizing systems for the identification
      of recombinant DNA molecules.
AB  - Herein we outline three methods that, when coupled with cell-free protein
      synthesis, permit the identification of recombinant DNA molecules encoding
      specific polypeptides. RNAs enriched by fractionation on methylmercury hydroxide
      agarose gels are used to prepare sequence-specific probes. Recombinant DNA clones
      thus identified are further characterized as to their encoded polypeptides by
      either hybrid selection or hybrid arrest of translation.

PMID- 6577260
TI  - A functional map of the nopaline catabolism genes on the Ti plasmid of
      Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58.
AB  - The nopaline catabolism (noc) genes are located in a 14.4 kb region on the pTiC58
      plasmid of A. tumefaciens C58. These genes permit the bacterium to grow on
      nopaline N2-(1,3-dicarboxylpropyl) arginine, a substrate produced in plant tumors
      initiated by strain C58. The functions of the noc genes include the use of
      nopaline and L-ornithine as sole carbon and nitrogen sources. Using Tn5
      insertional mutants, we have identified and mapped the positions of the genes
      that are responsible for nopaline catabolism (NopC), ornithine catabolism (OrnC)
      and nopaline uptake (NopU). A polar relationship was found between these
      phenotypes, which extended leftward over the noc region to the T-region. The NopC
      mutants were also deficient in nopaline oxidase, an enzyme that liberates free
      arginine from nopaline. The noc region also encodes the synthesis of a
      periplasmic protein, n1 that was induced by nopaline. Tn5 insertional mutations
      and molecular cloning were used to map the n1 production locus. The recombinant
      plasmids, pSa4480 and pSa4481, containing the 8.9 kb right-hand end of the noc
      region, conferred n1 production when introduced into a pTi-free strain of A.
      tumefaciens. Production of n1 by the strains carrying these plasmids required
      nopaline induction. We have identified in toto three noc loci: nocB, nocC, and
      nocA, which confer n1 production, nopaline oxidase production and ornithine
      catabolism respectively. A model is proposed whereby the noc genes of pTiC58 are
      contained on a leftward reading operon in the order nocB, nocC, and nocA.

PMID- 6577261
TI  - Genetic and physical studies of restriction-deficient mutants of the Inc FIV
      plasmids R124 and R124/3.
AB  - R124 and R124/3 are R plasmids that carry the genes for two different restriction
      and modification systems. The phenotype of strains carrying either of these
      plasmids along with the F'lac+ plasmid, is restriction-deficient (Res-). The Res-
      phenotype is not due to selection of pre-existing mutants but rather to a complex
      mutational event caused by the F plasmid. Restriction-deficient mutants carry
      extensive deletions and other DNA rearrangements. Tn7 insertion is used to locate
      the restriction gene. Many of the Res- mutants are genetically unstable and
      revert at exceptionally high frequencies. Reversion is accompanied by DNA
      rearrangements which result in a net gain of 9 kb of DNA. F derivates of F+ which
      do not cause restriction-deficiency but do cause deletion were used to
      distinguish between the DNA rearrangements associated with restriction-deficiency
      and those associated with deletion. From Res+ revertants of strains carrying
      F'lac+ and R124 or R124/3 we have isolated F plasmids that now carry the genes
      for the R124 or R124/3 restriction and modification systems. It is suggested that
      interaction between part of the F plasmid and that segment of the R plasmid which
      controls the switch in Res-Mod specificity which has been observed (Glover et al.
      1983) is responsible for the production of restriction-deficiency.

PMID- 6577263
TI  - Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia in infancy: a case report.
AB  - The case of an infant with the clinical and haematological features of chronic
      myelomonocytic leukaemia is reported. The infant presented with a peripheral
      blood monocyte count of 12,000 cell/mm3 (12.0 X 10(9) cell/L) but no
      lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, nor splenomegaly. No treatment was given for 14
      months during which time the monocytosis persisted. Myeloblasts then appeared
      abruptly in the peripheral blood reaching a peak of 1,500,000 cell/mm3 (1,500 X
      10(9)/L). Cytotoxic chemotherapy was initially successful but the blast soon
      became resistant and the child died. Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia is usually
      associated with the elderly and the significance of this case is discussed.

PMID- 6577262
TI  - Determination of the region of rDNA involved in polytenization in salivary glands
      of Drosophila hydei.
AB  - During the formation of polytene chromosomes in salivary glands of Drosophila
      hydei, the genes for ribosomal RNA (rDNA) are underreplicated relative to the
      rest of the genome. We have measured the number of rRNA genes with and without
      intervening sequences (ivs+ and ivs- genes) in polytene chromosomes of different
      genotypes. In the group of genotypes having a large number of ivs- rRNA genes
      polytenization only occurs within the cluster of ivs- genes. In each of these
      genotypes rDNA polytenization reaches a constant level of 150 ivs- genes per two
      chromatid sets (2C); X/X constitutions having two nucleolus organizers (NOs) in
      the diploid set polytenize the same amount of rDNA as X/O constitutions. In the
      group of genotypes with small ivs- gene numbers, the rDNA region involved in
      polytenization is longer and has an average length of 1,700 kb per NO, which is
      constant in these genotypes. Polytenization of rDNA is extended into the cluster
      of ivs+ genes, in spite of the fact that these genes appear to be nonfunctional.
      The smaller the number of ivs- genes, the greater the number of ivs+ genes that
      are polytenized in the NO. In these genotypes, X/X females replicate twice as
      much rDNA as X/O males, suggesting that both NOs of the diploid set are
      polytenized. A comparison of the pattern of spacer length heterogeneity in
      hybrids between different stocks also demonstrates that both NOs are replicated
      during polytenization.

PMID- 6577264
TI  - Cytosine arabinoside induced liver damage: histopathologic demonstration.
AB  - Two patients with acute leukemia developed abnormal liver function tests after
      the administration of cytosine arabinoside. Other possible causes for such
      abnormalities were not likely. In both patients a close chronologic relationship
      between the administration of the drug and the appearance of the laboratory
      abnormalities was noted. The liver damage was also documented by biopsy. To our
      knowledge this is the first time that the hepatotoxic effects of cytosine
      arabinoside are histologically demonstrated.

PMID- 6577265
TI  - Skeletal scintigraphy and radiography at onset of acute lymphocytic leukemia in
      children.
AB  - 99mTechnetium skeletal scintigraphy performed at the time of diagnosis was
      compared with pain and radiographs in 24 children with acute lymphocytic
      leukemia. Localized intense uptake of the labeled compound in one or several
      metaphyses and increased uptake in diaphyses were typical findings by
      scintigraphy. The skeleton of each child was subdivided into 18 regions, and
      investigated for the presence of pain and for possible radiographic and
      scintigraphic abnormalities. In a total of 432 regions (18 regions in each of 24
      children), pain was present in 23 regions, radiographic anomalies in 54 regions,
      and abnormal technetium uptake in 98 regions. Signs and symptoms were most often
      found in the lower extremities. Pain and radiographic or scintigraphic
      abnormalities were not regularly found in the same skeletal regions. The
      individual number of radiographic abnormalities was negatively correlated with
      age, whereas the number of regions with abnormal technetium uptake was positively
      correlated with age. No significant correlation was found between the number of
      abnormal scintigraphic or radiographic regions and the clinical outcome of the
      disease.

PMID- 6577266
TI  - Acute leukemia following retinoblastoma.

PMID- 6577267
TI  - [Dental caries and experimental fluorosis].

PMID- 6577268
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of the initial phases of dentin calcification].

PMID- 6577269
TI  - [Cherubism].

PMID- 6577270
TI  - [Original case of tooth abrasion due to bad habits].

PMID- 6577271
TI  - [Problematic assessments of periodontopathies].

PMID- 6577272
TI  - [Coronal reconstruction by means of parapulpal pins].

PMID- 6577273
TI  - [Delay in the diagnosis of oral neoplasms].

PMID- 6577274
TI  - [Condylar dislocations after sagittal osteotomy of the mandible].

PMID- 6577275
TI  - [Temporary prostheses made of thermoplastic material in maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 6577276
TI  - [Anesthesiological problems in the surgery of cheilognathopalatoschisis].

PMID- 6577277
TI  - [Radiologic aspects of oral and dental changes in beta-thalassemia].

PMID- 6577278
TI  - [In vitro toxicity of materials used in conservative and prosthetic dentistry. I.
      Amalgams and cements].

PMID- 6577279
TI  - [Dental nomenclatures. From the Zsigmondy Gebissschema to the two-digital system
      adopted by WHO].

PMID- 6577281
TI  - [The right moment to perform early germectomy].

PMID- 6577280
TI  - Regulation of mRNA utilization in mouse erythroleukemia cells induced to
      differentiate by exposure to dimethyl sulfoxide.
AB  - Mouse erythroleukemia cells contain several abundant mRNA species that occur to a
      considerable extent as untranslated molecules. For two of these species, which
      code for polypeptides P40 and P21, the proportion of molecules engaged in
      translation decreases rapidly after exposure of the cells to dimethyl sulfoxide.
      The extent of utilization of a third species, the P36 mRNA, is not altered. The
      rate of production of the P40 mRNA does not appear to be affected in the dimethyl
      sulfoxide-treated cells. The P21 mRNA appears to be produced in increasing
      amounts, leading to a large accumulation of untranslated molecules in the
      cytoplasm. The mRNA for actin remains nearly fully utilized during this process,
      but its intracellular concentration decreases, thus resulting in a reduction in
      the amounts present in polysomes. The results indicate that some mRNA species in
      mouse tumor cells are subject to a translational repression process that can
      serve to regulate selectively the extent of expression of the corresponding
      genes.

PMID- 6577282
TI  - [Pre- and post-operative cineradiographic analysis of mandibular and hyoid bone
      movement in cases of maxillary protrusion].

PMID- 6577283
TI  - [Organization and rationalization in orthodontics].

PMID- 6577284
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis and classification of impacted teeth].

PMID- 6577285
TI  - Association of an inversion of chromosome 16 with abnormal marrow eosinophils in
      acute myelomonocytic leukemia. A unique cytogenetic-clinicopathological
      association.
AB  - We identified 18 patients with an inversion of chromosome 16, inv(16)(p13q22),
      among 308 patients with newly diagnosed acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Each of
      these 18 patients had acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4 subtype) and eosinophils
      with distinctly abnormal morphology, cytochemical staining, and ultrastructure.
      These eosinophils constituted from 1 to 33 per cent of the nucleated marrow
      cells. In our series, every patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia and
      abnormal eosinophils also had an abnormal chromosome 16. This subgroup of M4
      patients had a good response to intensive therapy designed to induce remission;
      13 of 17 treated patients entered a complete remission, and 10 remain in first
      remission. Thus, patients with an inversion of chromosome 16 appear to represent
      a unique cytogenetic-clinicopathological subtype of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia
      with a favorable prognosis.

PMID- 6577286
TI  - Productivity in the dental laboratory.

PMID- 6577287
TI  - Health and safety in the dental laboratory.

PMID- 6577288
TI  - Retainers and removable appliances.

PMID- 6577289
TI  - Kennedy-Applegate classification of partially edentulous dental arches.

PMID- 6577290
TI  - The effect of dental practice trends on the dental laboratory industry.

PMID- 6577291
TI  - Biotechnology: genetic patents, the old and the new.

PMID- 6577292
TI  - Biotech teams up with China.

PMID- 6577293
TI  - Genetic engineering. Drosophila takes off.

PMID- 6577294
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of the painful episode in sickle cell disease.

PMID- 6577295
TI  - Comparison of ultrasonography and oral cholecystography in the diagnosis of
      gallbladder disease.

PMID- 6577296
TI  - Value of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in a community
      hospital setting.

PMID- 6577297
TI  - Strawberry shortcake and whippets: nitrous oxide intoxication.

PMID- 6577298
TI  - Infectious mononucleosis presenting as cat scratch disease.

PMID- 6577299
TI  - Alzheimer's disease.

PMID- 6577300
TI  - Hang gliding injuries.

PMID- 6577301
TI  - A different view of AIDS.

PMID- 6577303
TI  - [A clinical study of the functions of the masticatory system].

PMID- 6577302
TI  - [Endocarditis. The role of the dental profession in prevention].

PMID- 6577304
TI  - [The effect of fluoride tablets in the prevention of dental caries. A
      longitudinal study of children 4-10 years of age].

PMID- 6577305
TI  - [Possibilities and limitations of the animal model in caries research].

PMID- 6577306
TI  - [Use of our knowledge for the benefit of health policy].

PMID- 6577307
TI  - [The surface free energy of fluoridated enamel, monocrystalline hydroxyapatite,
      fluorapatite and calcium fluoride].

PMID- 6577308
TI  - [The role of fluorides and diphosphonates in the formation and remineralization
      of subsurface carious lesions - in vitro].

PMID- 6577309
TI  - [Remineralization of enamel in an in vivo model].

PMID- 6577310
TI  - [Innovations in dentistry: less drilling].

PMID- 6577311
TI  - [Innovations in dentistry: secondary prevention with adhesive restorations].

PMID- 6577312
TI  - [Relation between osteoclasts and macrophages - implications for the mechanism of
      bone loss in periodontal disease].

PMID- 6577313
TI  - Congenital myopathy due to phosphorylase deficiency.
AB  - A 4-year-old boy had delayed psychomotor development, proximal weakness,
      increased serum CK, and myopathic EMG. Muscle biopsy was normal, but
      histochemical stain for phosphorylase showed no reaction. The enzyme defect was
      confirmed biochemically and in studies of anaerobic glycolysis in vitro. Glycogen
      concentration was twice normal. Atypical presentations of myophosphorylase
      deficiency have included progressive weakness of late onset and fatal infantile
      myopathy. This patient represents another example of clinical heterogeneity.

PMID- 6577314
TI  - Sulfatide synthesis in mice with defective synthesis of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'
      phosphosulfate.
AB  - The regulation of sulfation of galactocerebroside was examined in several tissues
      from brachymorphic mice, including the central nervous system and kidney. These
      animals have an inherited defect in the enzymes which synthesize 3'
      phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) resulting in decreased sulfation of
      glycosaminoglycans. In contrast, sulfation of galactocerebroside to form
      sulfatide (sulfogalactocerebroside) was normal in brachymorphic mice even in
      tissues with decreased ability to synthesize PAPS. This suggests that, unlike the
      regulation of glycosaminoglycan sulfation, the formation of sulfatide is not
      stringently regulated by tissue levels of PAPS.

PMID- 6577316
TI  - Nursing home visits.

PMID- 6577315
TI  - Parotid gland enlargement during treatment of acute bronchial asthma.

PMID- 6577317
TI  - Patient-physician relationships.

PMID- 6577318
TI  - Large abdominal aortic aneurysm and portal hypertension.

PMID- 6577319
TI  - Nipple discharge. Frequency and pathogenesis in an ambulatory population.

PMID- 6577320
TI  - Alcohol use and alcoholism in adolescence.

PMID- 6577321
TI  - Cystic renal mass.

PMID- 6577322
TI  - Measles eradication. Can we succeed?

PMID- 6577323
TI  - Measles prevention.

PMID- 6577324
TI  - The medical school: who pays for teaching, research, and the burden of tertiary
      care?

PMID- 6577326
TI  - Cost structure and fee schedules in hospital laboratories.

PMID- 6577325
TI  - Who pays for hospital care in the state-supported institution?

PMID- 6577327
TI  - The best of physicians is destined for Gehenna.

PMID- 6577328
TI  - Definition of death in Jewish law.

PMID- 6577329
TI  - Ogilvie's syndrome.

PMID- 6577330
TI  - Ischemic enteropathy. A rare cause of small-intestinal obstruction.

PMID- 6577331
TI  - Cerebellar ataxia in systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 6577332
TI  - Leukocytoclastic vasculitis in an intravenous heroin abuser.

PMID- 6577333
TI  - Recurrent subacute thyroiditis: a report of three cases.

PMID- 6577334
TI  - Dissecting aneurysm in a patient with pseudocoarctation of the aorta.

PMID- 6577335
TI  - Extraosseous osteosarcoma.

PMID- 6577336
TI  - Whooping cough: Christchurch 1982.
AB  - Whooping cough continues to be a major health problem in New Zealand. In a twelve
      month period, 64 cases were admitted to the paediatric wards of Christchurch
      Hospital. Of these 64 patients, 24 (37.5%) were fully immunised. The possible
      explanations for the large number of children contracting whooping cough, who
      have been immunised according to the schedule used in New Zealand, is discussed.

PMID- 6577338
TI  - Medical ethics.

PMID- 6577337
TI  - Screening for cystic fibrosis.
AB  - During a 12 month period all New Zealand newborns were screened for cystic
      fibrosis using the Crossley test. Of 49 056 babies tested 522 had a raised blood
      immunoreactive trypsin level and follow-up testing indicated 19 persistent
      elevations. Clinical and laboratory studies indicated 14 cases of cystic fibrosis
      giving an apparent incidence of 1:3500.

PMID- 6577339
TI  - Utilisation of health services by diabetic patients. 1: The district nursing
      service.
AB  - In 1981 the district nursing service in Christchurch was making 590 home visits,
      on a weekly basis, to 73 patients for the purposes of drawing up and injecting
      insulin. This was 13.9% of their total workload. Through a programme of education
      many were able to manage the injection technique totally. In other cases the
      provision of pre-loaded syringes permitted less frequent attendance by the
      district nurse. At survey, one year later, the patient numbers visited had fallen
      to 46, and the number of weekly visits had been reduced by half. These results
      show the benefits of research programmes, aimed at evaluation of health delivery,
      with a view to improving their efficiency and reducing their cost.

PMID- 6577341
TI  - Changing patterns of genital herpes.
AB  - Isolation rates for herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, recovered from oral and
      genital specimens submitted to the National Health Institute by clinicians within
      the Wellington region, were compared for two time-periods, 1971 to 1973 and 1981
      to 1982 inclusive. The proportion of type 1 isolates from genital sites has
      increased from 4% to 11%, while conversely the proportion of type 2 isolates from
      oral sites has increased from 6% to 24%. Possible explanations for these trends
      are considered and the clinical and epidemiologic significance of this changing
      pattern is briefly discussed.

PMID- 6577340
TI  - Childhood burns.
AB  - A five year retrospective survey of children admitted to Dunedin Hospital for the
      treatment of burn injuries was undertaken. Fifty-nine percent of the victims were
      male, 76% were under five years of age, and the most common type of injury was a
      scald. A significant number of the victims received friction burns from washing
      machine wringers. This finding contrasts with other burn surveys and a number of
      possible explanations are advanced. More in depth investigations of specific
      incidents are required to assist and assess the efficacy of current preventive
      efforts.

PMID- 6577342
TI  - Changing patterns of psychoactive drug use with the mentally retarded.
AB  - A three-year follow-up survey of psychoactive medication use at an institution
      for the mentally retarded is reported. A significant reduction in the use of
      psychotropic drugs alone and combinations of psychotropic and anticonvulsant
      drugs occurred. There was an increase in anticonvulsant monotherapy and a small
      reduction in overall medication use. In general patients received fewer drugs at
      any one time. Factors possibly associated with the changed pattern of medication
      use are discussed.

PMID- 6577343
TI  - Asthma.

PMID- 6577344
TI  - Thyroxine therapy and elevated laboratory results.

PMID- 6577345
TI  - Leptospirosis and mental illness.

PMID- 6577346
TI  - Pulmonary sarcoidosis mimicking cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis.

PMID- 6577347
TI  - Mortality and social class in New Zealand II: male mortality by major disease
      groupings.
AB  - Social class differences in male mortality in New Zealand were investigated for
      each major disease grouping. The patterns found were similar to those for England
      and Wales with the lower social classes having mortality rates significantly
      higher than those of the upper social classes for each major cause of death. The
      strongest social class mortality gradients were found for deaths from accidents,
      poisonings and violence; diseases of the respiratory system; endocrine,
      nutritional and metabolic diseases; diseases of the genito-urinary system; and
      diseases of the digestive system. The gradients for coronary heart disease and
      neoplasms were weaker, but in the same direction as those found for other disease
      groupings.

PMID- 6577348
TI  - Unsuspected Chlamydia trachomatis in females attending a sexually transmitted
      diseases clinic.
AB  - One hundred and five women attending Auckland sexually transmitted diseases
      clinic were reviewed because of positive cervical cultures for Chlamydia
      trachomatis. Their average age was 19 years, 70% were European; 28% were Maori.
      In half the patients the positive culture was a chance finding and therefore
      treatment was delayed resulting in six patients (12%) developing pelvic
      inflammatory disease. Eight out of nine male contacts, subsequently traced, had
      asymptomatic urethritis, one having epididymitis. One patient had no evidence of
      urethritis but was chlamydia positive. Associated pathogens present in the women
      were Neisseria gonorrhoeae (26%), Trichomonas vaginalis (6%), Gardnerella
      vaginalis (46%) and Candida albicans (19%). These findings support a need for
      routine chlamydial testing in female patients attending sexually transmitted
      diseases clinics and epidemiological treatment of female contacts of men with non
      specific urethritis.

PMID- 6577350
TI  - Acute chlorine poisoning from a high school experiment.

PMID- 6577349
TI  - Asthma and fungi in the home.
AB  - During a nine month survey we collected viable fungal spores in the homes of 35
      asthmatic patients living in Wellington. The five most prevalent fungal types
      were Aspergillus, Basidiomycetes, Cladosporium, Penicillium and Alternaria. We
      noted some regional and seasonal differences in the recovery of fungi. In about
      one-third of the patients there was a relationship between symptoms of asthma or
      peak expiratory flow rate and the presence of particular fungal types especially
      Aspergillus. These patients were not identified by positive skin prick tests with
      commercial fungal extracts.

PMID- 6577351
TI  - Some health reorganisation.

PMID- 6577352
TI  - Domestic swimming pool accidents to pre-school children.
AB  - The frequency of accidents in domestic swimming pools was studied retrospectively
      for a sample of 1123 Christchurch children. During the period from birth to five
      years, a total of 94 such accidents were reported. While most were trivial and
      readily rectified by rapid adult intervention, we found six children who clearly
      might have drowned in a domestic swimming pool but for adult vigilance and a
      certain amount of luck. These findings underline the fact that current mortality
      statistics merely reflect the minority of such incidents in which either parental
      vigilance or luck does not operate. Children with pools on their own or
      neighbouring properties were two and a half times more likely to be involved in
      accidents involving domestic pools. We reiterate our plea for the introduction of
      a uniform and well enforced set of domestic swimming pool safety regulations.

PMID- 6577353
TI  - Trends in hospital admission rates and drug treatment of asthma in New Zealand.
AB  - Trends in hospital admission rates from asthma and sales of anti-asthma drugs in
      New Zealand for the past two decades were examined. In this period there has been
      a marked increase in hospital admissions for asthma and in sales of anti-asthma
      medications. These findings and the recently reported increase in asthma
      mortality in New Zealand indicate that asthma is an important health problem in
      this country.

PMID- 6577354
TI  - Hypnotic drug prescribing and consumption in a New Zealand teaching hospital.
AB  - The relationship between hypnotic drug choice and consumption was investigated
      with respect to eight variables for eight of the most commonly prescribed
      hypnotics in Wellington Hospital. The overall prescribing rate was 27% but the
      dispensing rate was 89.1%, attributable to the high incidence of PRN charting.
      Consumption of hypnotics increased with increasing patient age and duration of
      hospital stay. Consumption was higher for medical compared to surgical patients.
      Drug choice, ward preference and prescribing rate did not influence consumption,
      highlighting the fundamental discretionary role of the nurse-dispenser,
      determining the level of consumption.

PMID- 6577355
TI  - Genetic counseling.

PMID- 6577356
TI  - Nursing employment.

PMID- 6577357
TI  - Acupuncture and migraine.

PMID- 6577358
TI  - Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis.

PMID- 6577359
TI  - The color pink and muscle strength.

PMID- 6577360
TI  - New York City Health Code. Article 175 -- Radiation Control.

PMID- 6577361
TI  - Response to Dr. Keyes' presentation.

PMID- 6577362
TI  - Safe and rapid pulp chamber access for posterior teeth.

PMID- 6577364
TI  - New York University College of Dentistry, Department of Oral Medicine.

PMID- 6577363
TI  - The American Academy of Periodontology's view of the prevention and treatment of
      gum disease. A position paper.

PMID- 6577366
TI  - The DSSNY-sponsored I.C. System collection service.

PMID- 6577365
TI  - Columbia University School of Dental and Oral Surgery. Current investigations of
      dental implants.

PMID- 6577367
TI  - Code of Ethics. The Dental Society of the State of New York.

PMID- 6577368
TI  - Update on the restoration of grossly carious primary anterior teeth.

PMID- 6577369
TI  - The elderly and dental care.

PMID- 6577370
TI  - [The bacterial component of chronic apical periodontitis and radicular cysts].

PMID- 6577371
TI  - [Reconstruction of the edentulous crest].

PMID- 6577372
TI  - [Amalgam. Physical properties. Variations and finishing technics].

PMID- 6577373
TI  - [Treatment of gangrenous teeth].

PMID- 6577374
TI  - [Conservative restoration of a fractured incisor].

PMID- 6577375
TI  - [Medico-legal aspects in oral implantology].

PMID- 6577376
TI  - [Several cases of transfixation].

PMID- 6577377
TI  - [Biopulpotomy using the technic of Baume and co-authors].

PMID- 6577378
TI  - [Dentin desensitization with a new fluoride-containing gel].

PMID- 6577379
TI  - Capitation: another piece in the dental insurance puzzle.

PMID- 6577380
TI  - Capitation from a provider's point of view.

PMID- 6577381
TI  - Composite resin finishing systems. An update.

PMID- 6577383
TI  - [Correction of the facial skeleton in Crouzon's disease].

PMID- 6577382
TI  - [Induction of abortion during the 2d pregnancy trimester by intra-amniotic
      administration of PGF2 alpha].

PMID- 6577384
TI  - [Surgical treatment of lip carcinoma].

PMID- 6577385
TI  - [Depth of attachment of the labial frenum - surgical and orthodontic aspects].

PMID- 6577386
TI  - [Lesions on adjacent structures after endosseous implantation].

PMID- 6577387
TI  - [Gingival vestibular enlargement using free mucosal transplants].

PMID- 6577388
TI  - [Results and failures of apexification efforts on injured anterior teeth in
      adolescents].

PMID- 6577389
TI  - [Changes of the surface contours of extraction sites during the healing process].

PMID- 6577390
TI  - [Morphology of the tooth from functional aspects].

PMID- 6577391
TI  - [Relapse potential of maxillary osteotomy in lip, jaw and palatal clefts].

PMID- 6577392
TI  - [Three-year study of modified low-stress splints as therapy for injured anterior
      teeth in adolescent patients].

PMID- 6577393
TI  - [Clinical and microbiological studies of healing progress under periodontal
      dressings following gingivectomy].

PMID- 6577394
TI  - [Time and technics for the closure of residual defects of cleft patients with
      special consideration for the tongue flap technic].

PMID- 6577395
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic control of the effectiveness of topical fluoride
      applications].

PMID- 6577396
TI  - [Fluoride preparations in caries prevention].

PMID- 6577397
TI  - [Motivation of pediatricians and pediatric nurses as aides in dental prevention].

PMID- 6577398
TI  - [Leukemic iris infiltration as an isolated recurrence of acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia].

PMID- 6577399
TI  - [Treatment of recurrence in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemias].

PMID- 6577400
TI  - [Leukapheresis for the initial treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in
      childhood].

PMID- 6577401
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 concentration in gastric secretions of critically ill, full
      term, and premature infants.
AB  - Critically ill, full-term, and premature infants are at increased risk to develop
      gastric mucosal ulceration. The cytoprotective effects of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)
      may be important in the preservation of gastric mucosal integrity in these
      patients. PGE2 concentrations in the gastric secretions of seven full-term and 16
      premature infants with severe pulmonary disease were measured by
      radioimmunoassay. The mean PGE2 concentration was significantly greater in the
      full-term infants (460 +/- 94 pg/ml), (mean +/- S.E.M.) than in the premature
      infants (190 +/- 35 pg/ml), P less than 0.01. There was a linear correlation
      between gestational age and PGE2 concentration, r = 0.70, P less than 0.001. In
      the 11 infants greater than or equal to 35 wk gestational age there was a linear
      correlation between gastric pH and PGE2 concentration, r = 0.69, P less than
      0.01.

PMID- 6577402
TI  - [Hepatitis B virus infection in children with proliferative diseases of the
      hematopoietic and lymphatic systems].

PMID- 6577403
TI  - [Organic acidemias: current diagnostic practical possibilities].

PMID- 6577404
TI  - [A case of chloroma].

PMID- 6577405
TI  - [Rehabilitation of clefts of the lip, jaw and palate--an interdisciplinary
      approach].

PMID- 6577406
TI  - [Every first assistant is a dental assistant. (4)].

PMID- 6577407
TI  - Nursing involvement in the critical care expansion.

PMID- 6577408
TI  - Child safety restraints: a new law in New Mexico.

PMID- 6577409
TI  - Disordered eating patterns.

PMID- 6577410
TI  - Dietary problems in the cancer patient.

PMID- 6577411
TI  - Nursing Mirror midwifery forum. 7. Prostaglandin induced labour.

PMID- 6577412
TI  - Bulimia nervosa.

PMID- 6577413
TI  - Food, fatness and femininity.

PMID- 6577414
TI  - Adenotonsillectomy: current debate.

PMID- 6577415
TI  - Correlation of crystallographically determined and computationally predicted
      hydrogen-bonded pairing configurations of nucleic acid bases.
AB  - Crystals of pairs of H-bonded nucleic acid bases are generally grown from
      nonaqueous solutions. We have been able to predict the H-bonded configuration of
      most of the base pairs in such crystals by using an empirical-potential function
      we recently developed for calculating the energetics of such interactions in
      chloroform solution. The following configurations were computationally predicted
      to predominate and are those observed in crystal structures: the Watson-Crick G.C
      configuration instead of two competing configurations; the Hoogsteen-type
      configurations for A.T, A.U, and A.br5U instead of Watson-Crick-type
      configurations; the Watson-Crick-type configurations for 2-aminopurine.br5U
      instead of the purine N3-type configuration; the Watson-Crick-type configurations
      for 8-bromo-2,6-diaminopurine.T instead of the Hoogsteen or purine-N3-type
      configurations; the syn-anti configuration for br8A.br8I instead of the anti-anti
      configuration; the Watson-Crick-type configurations for br8A.br5U instead of the
      Hoogsteen-type configurations; and the Hoogsteen-type configurations for me8A.T
      instead of the Watson-Crick configurations. In addition, the H-bonded base
      triplet br5U.2,6-diaminopurine.br5U was calculated to have Hoogsteen and Watson
      Crick-type configurations but not the purine N3-type configuration. Apparently,
      lattice forces and chance nucleation of a minor base pairing configuration are
      not significant when the stability difference between the preferred and
      alternative configurations exceeds a relatively small value. In one case, in
      order to correctly predict the base pairing configuration in the crystal, it was
      necessary to include a contribution due to a C--H...O bond, suggesting that this
      type of H bond can make a significant contribution to base pair stability.

PMID- 6577416
TI  - Marked increase of human platelet phospholipase A2 activity in vitro and
      demonstration of an endogenous inhibitor.
AB  - When soluble and particulate fractions of human platelet homogenate were
      chromatographed on DEAE-cellulose and hydroxylapatite columns, total
      phospholipase A2 (PLA2; phosphatide 2-acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.4) activity
      increased sharply. PLA2 activity detected in these partially purified
      preparations was approximately 12 times greater than that associated with the
      original homogenate. Chromatography of the particulate enzyme on a DEAE-cellulose
      column yielded one activity peak. Fractions eluted near the activity peak showed
      a trace of PLA2 activity but inhibited purified PLA2 stoichiometrically,
      suggesting the presence of an endogenous "inhibitor" in the homogenate. The
      inhibitor activity was heat-stable, trypsin insensitive, and extractable by
      chloroform/methanol, and thus appears to be associated with a lipid(s). PLA2
      activity was Ca2+ dependent. The crude enzyme was variably stimulated by
      calmodulin, whereas the purified enzyme was not, suggesting that the effect of
      calmodulin on the crude enzyme is indirect. Our results suggest that human
      platelet PLA2 activity reported in the literature may have been underestimated,
      apparently due to the presence of an endogenous inhibitor.

PMID- 6577417
TI  - Splicing of adenovirus RNA in a cell-free transcription system.
AB  - A soluble whole-cell extract prepared accurately from HeLa cells splices 2-3% of
      the RNA transcribed from a DNA template containing the first and second leader
      exons of late adenovirus RNA. The spliced RNA was detected by a sensitive
      technique using hybridization to a single-stranded phage M13 cDNA clone, followed
      by binding to nitrocellulose filters. The identity of the spliced RNA was
      established by RNase T1 and pancreatic RNase two-dimensional peptide mapping. The
      bond formed during the in vitro splicing reaction appears to be a typical 3',5'
      phosphodiester bond as judged by its sensitivity to RNase T1. The splicing
      reaction is specifically inhibited by KCl at concentrations greater than 50 mM
      and by the addition of cellular RNA. Three features of this system may account
      for the detection of splicing in a soluble extract: (i) the sensitive and
      unambiguous hybridization assay, (ii) the high transcriptional activity of the
      major late promoter of adenovirus, and (iii) the use of the first and second
      leader exon splice of adenovirus, which may be unusually rapid.

PMID- 6577418
TI  - Allosteric cofactor-mediated enzyme cooperativity: a theoretical treatment.
AB  - The situation under which substrate cooperativity is apparent only in the
      presence of an inhibitor has been investigated. When a substrate and an inhibitor
      bind independently to a cooperative enzyme that conforms to the concerted Monod
      Wyman-Changeux model, each of the two ligands must induce intersubunit
      transitions in the protein molecule in order to have their allosteric effects
      coupled to one another. The inhibitor exerts a heterotropic influence on the
      saturation function of the substrate and enhances the otherwise recondite
      homotropic effect of the latter. If the ligands bind competitively to the enzyme,
      however, intersubunit transitions in the enzyme need be induced only by the
      inhibitor. A sigmoidal substrate saturation curve is then obtained as a result of
      displacement of the inhibitor from the enzyme by the substrate. In this
      mechanism, the competitive inhibitor participates as a cofactor required for the
      expression of substrate cooperativity and the familiar ability of regulatory
      enzymes to mediate homotropic interactions directly between substrate molecules
      is absent. Experimental tests are proposed to elucidate the nature of cooperative
      interactions for enzymes that appear to retain heterotropic but not homotropic
      effects in substrate binding.

PMID- 6577419
TI  - Prediction of the three-dimensional structure of the transforming region of the
      EJ/T24 human bladder oncogene product and its normal cellular homologue.
AB  - The three-dimensional structures of the transforming region of the product of the
      EJ/T24 human bladder oncogene and of the c-Ha ras-1 gene product have been
      calculated by using conformational energy calculations. These two genes,
      representing a transforming oncogene and its normal cellular homologue, encode
      21,000-dalton peptides that differ by one amino acid at position 12. We therefore
      examined the energetically allowed conformations of the hydrophobic decapeptide
      surrounding this substitution site. The calculations show that the most favorable
      form of the c-Ha ras-1 gene product exists when glycine-12 is in a left-handed
      bend conformation. No other amino acid can adopt this conformation and thus the
      bladder oncogene peptide containing valine at position 12 has a markedly
      different three-dimensional structure. A simple model is proposed to account for
      the consequences of a position 12 mutation.

PMID- 6577420
TI  - Transport of glutathione, as gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycyl ester, into liver and
      kidney.
AB  - Administration of gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycyl monomethyl (or monoethyl) ester
      to mice leads to substantial increases in the levels of glutathione in the liver
      and kidney. Mice depleted of glutathione by treatment with buthionine
      sulfoximine, a potent inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, exhibited
      about a 4-fold increase in liver and kidney glutathione levels after
      administration of glutathione monomethyl ester. This ester also prevented the
      marked decline in liver glutathione level found after giving mice acetaminophen,
      and it protected mice from toxicity due to this compound. The findings indicate
      that the monomethyl and monoethyl esters of glutathione are transported into
      cells and hydrolyzed to glutathione. Such esters may be useful in experimental
      work on glutathione metabolism and function and may provide a relatively safe
      method for protecting cells against damage by toxic compounds, oxygen, and
      radiation.

PMID- 6577421
TI  - Methylation involved in chemotaxis is regulated during Caulobacter
      differentiation.
AB  - Caulobacter crescentus carries a flagellum and is motile only during a limited
      time in its cell cycle. We have asked if the biochemical machinery that mediates
      chemotaxis exists coincident with the cell's structural ability to respond to a
      chemotactic signal. We first demonstrated that one function of the chemotaxis
      machinery, the ability to methylate the carboxyl side chains of a specific set of
      membrane proteins (methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins, MCPs), is present in C.
      crescentus. This conclusion is based on the observations that (i) methionine
      auxotrophs starved of methionine can swim only in the forward direction
      (comparable to smooth swimming in the enteric bacteria), (ii) a specific set of
      membrane proteins was found to be methylated in vivo and the incorporated
      [3H]methyl groups were alkali sensitive, (iii) this same set of membrane proteins
      incorporated methyl groups from S-adenosylmethionine in vitro, and (iv) out of a
      total of eight generally nonchemotactic mutants, two were found to swim only in a
      forward direction and one of these lacked methyltransferase activity. Analysis of
      in vivo and in vitro methylation in synchronized cultures showed that the
      methylation reaction is lost when the flagellated swarmer cell differentiates
      into a stalked cell. In vivo methylation reappeared coincident with the
      biogenesis of the flagellum just prior to cell division. In vitro reconstitution
      experiments with heterologous cell fractions from different cell types showed
      that swarmer cells contain methyltransferase and their membranes can be
      methylated. However, newly differentiated stalked cells lack methyltransferase
      activity and membranes from these cells cannot accept methyl groups. These
      results demonstrate that MCP methylation is confined to that portion of the cell
      cycle when flagella are present.

PMID- 6577423
TI  - Sequence coding for the alphavirus nonstructural proteins is interrupted by an
      opal termination codon.
AB  - We have obtained the nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNAs of two alphaviruses,
      Sindbis virus and Middelburg virus, over an extensive region encoding the
      nonstructural (replicase) proteins. In both viruses in an equivalent position an
      opal (UGA) termination codon punctuates a long otherwise open reading frame. The
      nonstructural proteins are translated as polyprotein precursors that are
      processed by posttranslational cleavage into four polypeptide chains; the
      sequence data presented here indicate that the COOH-terminal polypeptide, ns72,
      may be produced by read-through of this opal codon. The high degree of amino acid
      homology between the ns72 polypeptides of the two viruses, in contrast to the
      lack of conserved sequence upstream from the read-through site, suggests that
      ns72 plays an important role in viral replication, possibly modulating the action
      of other replicase components.

PMID- 6577422
TI  - Evidence for formation of an S-[2-(N7-guanyl)ethyl]glutathione adduct in
      glutathione-mediated binding of the carcinogen 1,2-dibromoethane to DNA.
AB  - The carcinogen 1,2-dibromoethane and reduced glutathione (GSH) were irreversibly
      bound to calf thymus DNA in equimolar amounts when in vitro incubations were
      carried out in the presence of GSH S-transferase. In studies carried out with
      isolated hepatocytes, equimolar amounts of 1,2-dibromoethane and endogenous GSH
      were also bound to intracellular DNA and RNA and extracellular DNA. These
      findings support the hypothesis that the major interaction of 1,2-dibromoethane
      with DNA involves covalent modification by a preformed complex of the carcinogen
      and GSH--i.e., S-(2-bromoethyl)GSH or the resulting episulfonium ion. Enzymatic
      hydrolysis of calf thymus DNA labeled with 1,2-dibromoethane in the presence of
      GSH and GSH S-transferase and subsequent high-performance liquid chromatography
      of the residues yielded a major fraction, which also was found to contain
      radiolabel derived from GSH. The fraction thus isolated was reductively
      desulfurized to yield N7-ethylguanine, which was isolated and identified by
      comparison with authentic material in two other high-performance liquid
      chromatography systems and by UV and mass spectrometry. Therefore, the structure
      of the undesulfurized adduct is assigned as S-[2-(N7-guanyl)ethyl]GSH. This
      adduct is unusual in that it is involved in a situation in which GSH plays a role
      in the bioactivation of a chemical carcinogen, as opposed to the more typical
      detoxication reactions. Further, a chemical carcinogen has been shown to cross
      link DNA with a small physiological peptide.

PMID- 6577424
TI  - Natural 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is an epimeric mixture.
AB  - Radiolabeled 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was prepared in vitro by using chicken
      kidney homogenates and in vivo in rats from [23,24-3H]-25-hydroxyvitamin D3.
      These compounds were mixed with synthetic (25S)- and (25R)-25,26-dihydroxyvitamin
      D3, converted to the corresponding (+)-alpha-methoxy-alpha
      trifluoromethylphenylacetyl esters, and subjected to high-performance liquid
      chromatography that separates the derivatized epimers. The radiolabeled 25,26
      dihydroxyvitamin D3 derivatives were a 1:1 mixture of the 25S and 25R isomers.
      Similarly unlabeled 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D3 isolated from the plasma of rats
      given large amounts of vitamin D3 was shown to be a 1:1 mixture of the S and R
      isomers. Therefore, naturally occurring 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a mixture of
      the 25R and 25S isomers and not just the S isomer reported previously.

PMID- 6577425
TI  - Structural dynamics of human deoxyhemoglobin and hemochrome investigated by
      nuclear gamma resonance absorption (Mossbauer) spectroscopy.
AB  - Mossbauer spectra of human deoxyhemoglobin and hemochrome frozen solutions,
      selectively enriched with 57Fe in either the alpha chains or the beta chains,
      were measured from 4.2 to 250 K. The Lamb-Mossbauer factor, ln f = 4II2
      [x2]gamma/lambda 2, was calculated from these spectra and gives the structural
      dynamics of the iron atom (heme). Large differences in the mean-squared
      displacement, [x2]gamma, of the heme between hemochrome and deoxyhemoglobin at
      temperatures above 210 K were observed, demonstrating that when iron is bound to
      a rigid part of the protein (i.e., distal histidine in hemochrome), motions of
      the heme are suppressed (i.e., the dynamics are decreased). Comparison of the
      motions of these two hemoglobins proves that molecular diffusion can be neglected
      in an analysis of the dynamics below approximately 250 K.

PMID- 6577426
TI  - Time-averaged chemical potential of proteins and the detailed-balance principle
      (an alternative viewpoint).

PMID- 6577427
TI  - Stability of oligomeric proteins and its bearing on their association equilibria
      (a reply).

PMID- 6577428
TI  - Inhibition of metabolic cooperation by cigarette smoke condensate and its
      fractions in V-79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts.
AB  - This study was performed to determine the usefulness of the intercellular
      metabolic cooperation assay for analysis of a complex mixture and to compare the
      results obtained with previously conducted in vivo tumor promoter assays. One
      hundred 2R1 cigarettes were smoked according to Federal Trade Commission
      guidelines and the resulting condensate was separated into a water/methanol
      soluble fraction (which was further partitioned into acidic and basic components)
      and an organic solvent-soluble fraction (which was then chromatographed on
      silicic acid with petroleum ether, benzene/petroleum ether, benzene, ether, and
      methanol). The following fractions were positive in the metabolic cooperation
      assay (in decreasing order of activity): organic solvent-soluble, acidic, whole
      condensate, and water/methanol-soluble fractions as well as the ether, benzene,
      and benzene/petroleum ether eluates. The basic fraction and the petroleum ether
      and methanol eluates were negative. In general, the metabolic cooperation assay
      results were comparable to previously published results obtained on mouse skin.

PMID- 6577429
TI  - Identification of key regulated events early in the life of hybrid animal cells
      constructed by nuclear transplantation.
AB  - Reconstituted cells were constructed by fusion of cytoplasts from the human
      diploid fibroblast cell strain Detroit 532 and karyoplasts from the mouse
      fibroblast cell line A9. Several cellular properties were examined during the
      first 48 hr after nuclear transplantation. (i) The overall morphology of the
      cells originally resembled that of the cytoplasmic donor, Detroit 532, but
      rapidly changed to approximate that of the nuclear donor, A9. However, definitive
      changes in the microfilament structure of the reconstituted cells were not seen
      until 24-48 hr after fusion. These observations support the idea that the
      presence or absence of an ordered array of microfilament bundles is not the sole
      determinant of cell shape. (ii) Although cytoplasts and karyoplasts were prepared
      from cultures of randomly growing cells, the first division of reconstituted
      cells occurred in a synchronous manner. However, the initiation of DNA synthesis
      was not synchronized. It thus appeared that, in their first cell cycle, the cells
      had a G2 period of variable length. The results further suggest that the
      cytoplasm of interphase fibroblasts contains the material necessary to initiate
      or support DNA synthesis in a transplanted nucleus but not entry into mitosis.
      (iii) A two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of polypeptide synthesis in
      reconstituted cell cultures showed that synthesis directed by transplanted mouse
      nuclei could be detected as early as 3-6 hr after fusion. Some of the mouse
      polypeptides detected at the earliest time points studied were not among the
      major polypeptides synthesized by the parental A9 cells. By about 48 hr after
      fusion, the pattern of polypeptides produced by reconstituted cells was almost
      indistinguishable from that of the nuclear donor parent cells.

PMID- 6577430
TI  - Defective acidification of endosomes in Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants "cross
      resistant" to toxins and viruses.
AB  - Like many physiological ligands, several viruses and toxins enter mammalian cells
      through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Once internalized, the nucleic acids of
      several viruses and the toxic subunit of diphtheria toxin gain access to the
      cytosol of the host cell through an acidic intracellular compartment. In this
      report, we present evidence that one class of mutants of Chinese hamster ovary
      (CHO)-K1 cells, which is "cross-resistant" to Pseudomonas exotoxin A, diphtheria
      toxin, and several animal viruses, has a defect in acidification of the endosome.
      Cells were allowed to internalize fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran
      before subcellular fractionation. Fluorescence measurements on subcellular
      fractions permitted measurement of the internal pH of the isolated endosomes and
      lysosomes. Our results show that (i) endosomes and lysosomes from CHO-K1 cells
      maintain an acidic pH, (ii) acidification of both endosomes and lysosomes is
      mediated by a Mg2+/ATP-dependent process, (iii) GTP can satisfy the ATP
      requirement for acidification of lysosomes but not of endosomes, and (iv) at
      least one class of mutants that is cross-resistant to toxins and animal viruses
      has a defect in the ATP-dependent acidification of their endosomes. These studies
      provide biochemical and genetic evidence that the mechanisms of acidification of
      endosomes and lysosomes are distinct and that a defect in acidification of
      endosomes is one biochemical basis for cross-resistance to toxins and viruses.

PMID- 6577431
TI  - Removal of extraplatelet Na+ eliminates indomethacin-sensitive secretion from
      human platelets stimulated by epinephrine, ADP, and thrombin.
AB  - We have previously observed that removal of extraplatelet Na+ markedly diminishes
      human platelet aggregation and secretion in response to epinephrine. The present
      studies demonstrate that this effect of the removal of extraplatelet Na+ on
      platelet function is not unique to activation of platelets by alpha 2-adrenergic
      agents but represents a phenomenon also evident for other platelet stimuli. Thus,
      platelet aggregation and secretion in response to maximal concentrations of ADP
      and lower concentrations of thrombin (less than 0.04 unit/ml) were also markedly
      reduced in platelets in "Na+-free" medium, suggesting that these agents share an
      effector mechanism that is similarly inhibited by the removal of extraplatelet
      Na+. In contrast, platelet aggregation and secretion in response to higher
      concentrations of thrombin (greater than or equal to 0.04 unit/ml) and to 0.04
      1.0 microM (15S)-hydroxy-11 alpha, 9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5Z,13E-dienoic
      acid (U46619), an endoperoxide analog, were identical in control platelets and in
      those suspended in "Na+-free" medium, indicating that platelets suspended in "Na+
      free" medium are functionally intact, at least in response to some stimuli.
      Furthermore, the observation that U46619 can elicit platelet aggregation and
      secretion independently of extraplatelet Na+ indicates that the loss of platelet
      responsiveness to epinephrine, ADP, and low concentrations of thrombin cannot be
      attributed to a loss of sensitivity to the stimulus-provoked secondary
      mediator(s) of platelet function, endoperoxides or thromboxane A2. Treatment with
      indomethacin to block the secondary aggregation and secretion pathways of
      platelets reduced the aggregatory and secretory responses of control platelets
      induced by epinephrine, ADP, and low concentrations of thrombin to those
      characteristic of platelets suspended in "Na+-free" medium. In contrast,
      indomethacin did not alter the functional responses induced by these agents in
      platelets suspended in "Na+-free" medium, suggesting that "primary" aggregation
      is intact but that the "secondary" aggregation and secretion mediated by
      arachidonic acid metabolites are eliminated by removal of extraplatelet Na+.
      Consistent with this interpretation is the observation that the indomethacin
      insensitive aggregation and secretion induced by U46619 and higher concentrations
      of thrombin were retained in platelets suspended in "Na+-free" medium. Thus, the
      responses eliminated by removal of extraplatelet Na+ are those eliminated by
      treating control platelets with indomethacin, suggesting a strong link between
      the presence of extraplatelet Na+ and the operation of platelet function mediated
      by the cyclooxygenase pathway.

PMID- 6577432
TI  - Metabolite regulation of heat shock protein levels.
AB  - When murine L929 cells are briefly exposed to elevated temperature (43 degrees C)
      they preferentially synthesize heat shock proteins (HSPs) of Mrs 85,000 and
      69,000. By the criteria of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and
      partial proteolytic peptide mapping, the Mr 85,000 HSP is indistinguishable from
      the major cytoplasmic protein whose synthesis and intracellular level were shown
      previously to be suppressed by glucose deprivation. The mechanism regulating the
      Mr 85,000 HSP levels is quite sensitive, operating in the range of 0-50 microM
      glucose. In glucose-free medium, synthesis is at first suppressed but returns to
      a high level after 3 days as levels of the protein decrease. Synthesis and level
      of the Mr 69,000 HSP also were affected by glucose deprivation, but this protein
      appeared to be a complex of several isoelectric and Mr species, so the effects
      were not as dramatic. Chase experiments show that the half-lives of both the Mr
      85,000 and Mr 69,000 HSPs are reduced by a factor of 2.0-2.5 after 5 days of
      glucose deprivation. The half-life of the Mr 69,000 HSP also was reduced by
      glutamine deprivation, whereas that of the Mr 85,000 HSP was essentially
      unaffected. This increase in turnover appears to be sufficient to account for the
      reduced intracellular level, thus suggesting that glucose sustains high HSP
      levels mainly by decreasing degradation of the proteins. Although the function of
      the HSPs is not known, these data support the concept that they have important
      roles in the general cellular economy and do not function merely as "stress"
      proteins.

PMID- 6577433
TI  - Use of a cDNA clone for the fourth component of human complement (C4) for
      analysis of a genetic deficiency of C4 in guinea pig.
AB  - A cDNA clone for the fourth complement component (C4), pC4AL1, has been isolated
      from a human adult liver cDNA library by using a synthetic oligonucleotide
      mixture containing all 384 possible sequences coding for residues 14-21 of the C4
      gamma-chain amino acid sequence. This clone spans the entire C4 gamma-chain
      coding sequence and includes a short 3' untranslated region, a poly(A)
      recognition site, and 16 nucleotides of the poly(A) tail. The 5' end of the clone
      begins 18 nucleotides upstream from the amino terminus of the C4 gamma chain and
      codes for Arg-Asn-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg, a highly charged proteolytic cleavage site
      involved in the processing of pro-C4 to native C4. Liver mRNA preparations from
      C4-deficient guinea pigs were incapable of directing synthesis of pro-C4 or C4
      peptides in cell-free translation experiments. Southern blot analysis using
      pC4AL1 as a hybridization probe of C4-deficient guinea pig DNA established that
      the deficiency is not the result of deletion of the entire C4 gene. RNA blot
      analysis using pC4AL1 as a hybridization probe of normal guinea pig liver mRNA
      revealed a C4 mRNA of 5.0 kilobases (kb). No such mRNA species was observed in C4
      deficient guinea pig liver mRNA; however, a 7.0-kb RNA was detected, indicating
      the presence of a C4 precursor RNA. These results suggest that the basis of C4
      deficiency in the guinea pig is a post-transcriptional defect in the processing
      of C4 precursor RNA to mature C4 mRNA.

PMID- 6577434
TI  - Monoclonal antibody-directed effector cells selectively lyse human melanoma cells
      in vitro and in vivo.
AB  - Monoclonal antibody 9.2.27 (mAb 9.2.27) directed to a chondroitin sulfate
      proteoglycan on human melanoma cells was able to suppress tumor growth in athymic
      (nu/nu) mice more effectively when bound with polyethylene glycol to murine
      effector cells than when injected alone. These "armed" effector cells also proved
      more effective than the monoclonal antibody in eliciting antibody-dependent
      cellular cytotoxicity against human melanoma target cells in vitro.

PMID- 6577435
TI  - Alterations in Ca2+ binding by and composition of the cardiac sarcolemmal
      membrane in chronic diabetes.
AB  - Chronic streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats was associated with a significant
      loss in the ability of isolated cardiac sarcolemmal membranes to bind Ca2+.
      Administration of insulin to the diabetic rats normalized the sarcolemmal Ca2+
      binding capacity. The content of sialic acid residues, which are considered to
      represent a superficial Ca2+ pool in sarcolemma, was decreased in preparations
      from diabetic rats, and this change also was reversible upon insulin treatment of
      the diabetic rats. Treatment of sarcolemma with neuraminidase decreased Ca2+
      binding by 37% in control preparations but had no effect on diabetic
      preparations. Diphosphatidylglycerol content was decreased but other acidic
      phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylserine, which also
      bind Ca2+, were not altered during diabetes. An increase in
      lysophosphatidylcholine and a decrease in phosphatidylethanolamine contents were
      observed in membranes isolated from diabetic rats. These results suggest that
      some alterations occur in Ca2+ binding and composition of heart sarcolemma in
      chronically diabetic rats and may provide further insight into the pathogenesis
      of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 6577436
TI  - Creatine kinase activity in the Torpedo electrocyte and in the nonreceptor,
      peripheral v proteins from acetylcholine receptor-rich membranes.
AB  - The nonreceptor, peripheral v proteins (Mr 43,000 proteins) are conspicuous
      components of the acetylcholine receptor-rich membranes and the Torpedo
      electrocyte, so far devoid of any known enzymatic function. Creatine kinase
      (adenosine 5'-triphosphate:creatine N-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.3.2) is
      identified in distinct polypeptides belonging to the family of v proteins.
      Embryonic (70- to 90-mm embryos), neonatal, and adult electric organs of Torpedo
      marmorata contain two isoenzymes of creatine kinase: the BB (brain) and the MM
      (muscle) forms. The proportion of the two isoenzymes does not appear to change in
      the course of ontogenic and postnatal development. Only the BB isoenzyme appears
      to be associated with the acetylcholine-rich membranes in adult Torpedo. The
      creatine kinase can be purified to homogeneity by chromatographic procedures that
      exploit the richness in free sulfhydryl groups of the enzyme. Specific activities
      of 150 units/mg are obtained from electric tissue. The enzyme subunits identified
      by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting techniques have pI
      values in the 6.0-6.5 region and apparent molecular weights in the 40,000-43,000
      range, the latter values depending on redox conditions.

PMID- 6577437
TI  - Heparin-catalyzed inhibitor/protease reactions: kinetic evidence for a common
      mechanism of action of heparin.
AB  - Three different heparin-catalyzed inhibitor/protease reactions were studied:
      antithrombin III/thrombin, heparin cofactor II/thrombin, antithrombin III/factor
      Xa. The three reactions were saturable with respect to both inhibitor and
      protease. The initial reaction velocity, for each reaction, could be described by
      the general rate equation for a random-order bireactant enzyme-catalyzed
      reaction. The kinetic parameters for the heparin-catalyzed antithrombin
      III/thrombin and antithrombin III/factor Xa reactions differed in terms of
      apparent maximum velocity (Vmax) and apparent heparin-protease dissociation
      constant values. The apparent heparin-antithrombin III dissociation constant
      values were the same for both reactions. The kinetic parameters for the heparin
      catalyzed antithrombin III/thrombin and heparin cofactor II/thrombin reactions
      differed in terms of apparent Vmax and apparent heparin-inhibitor dissociation
      constant values. The apparent heparin-thrombin dissociation constant values were
      the same for both reactions. The results are consistent with a general mechanism
      of action of heparin for the three reactions that, in its simplest form, requires
      only that both protease and inhibitor bind to heparin for catalysis to occur.

PMID- 6577438
TI  - Nucleotide sequence and expression of human chromosome 21-encoded superoxide
      dismutase mRNA.
AB  - Cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase (SOD-1; EC 1.15.1.1) is encoded by human
      chromosome 21. The SOD-1 gene locus is located at chromosomal region 21q22, which
      is involved in Down syndrome. cDNA clones containing sequences of human SOD-1
      were previously isolated. In the present study the nucleotide sequence of one
      clone, designated pS61-10, was determined. It contains 459 nucleotides
      representing the entire coding region and 95 nucleotides of the 3' untranslated
      region. In human cells two poly(A)-containing SOD-1 RNAs of 0.7 and 0.5 kilobases
      were detected. These two species are also present in monkey cells, whereas mouse
      cells contain only a 0.5-kilobase RNA. In a mouse/human hybrid line that contains
      chromosome 21 as the only human chromosome, the two human SOD-1 RNAs were
      detected, indicating that both are encoded by this chromosome. These RNAs were
      found in poly(A)-containing polysomal RNA and were translated in vitro to SOD-1
      polypeptide; they are therefore functional mRNAs. In normal human fibroblasts
      0.002-0.006% of the poly(A)-containing RNA was SOD-1 RNA. The level in monosomic
      21 cells was 70% of this value and the level in fibroblasts from Down syndrome
      patients was about 2 times higher than normal.

PMID- 6577439
TI  - Mammalian pancreatic preproglucagon contains three glucagon-related peptides.
AB  - We have isolated cDNA clones encoding bovine pancreatic preproglucagon. Twenty
      five putative preproglucagon clones were selected by screening 3,100 clones of a
      fetal bovine pancreas cDNA library with a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide probe.
      The probe was a mixture of synthetic 17-base DNA oligomers constructed to
      correspond to the six carboxyl-terminal amino acids (residues 24-29) of mature
      glucagon. Restriction mapping of six of these clones suggested that they
      represented a single mRNA species. Primary sequence analysis of one clone
      containing a 1,200-base-pair DNA insert revealed that it contained an essentially
      full-length copy of glucagon mRNA. Analysis of the cDNA suggested a protein
      coding sequence of 540 nucleotides and 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions of 90 and
      471 nucleotides, respectively. This cDNA sequence encoded a 20-amino acid signal
      sequence followed by one for glicentin, a 69-amino acid polypeptide containing an
      internal glucagon moiety that has been found in porcine intestines. Glicentin is
      followed by two additional glucagon-like peptides, each flanked by paired basic
      amino acids (Lys, Arg) characteristic of prohormone processing. These polypeptide
      sequences show striking homology with those for glucagon and other members of the
      glucagon family of peptides.

PMID- 6577440
TI  - 5-methylcytosine is localized in nucleosomes that contain histone H1.
AB  - We have developed a procedure for purifying highly specific polyclonal antibodies
      against 5-methylcytosine. These antibodies were used to probe the distribution of
      5-methylcytosine among fractionated nucleosomes of mouse cell chromatin. Our
      results demonstrate that at least 80% of the 5-methylcytosine is localized in
      nucleosomes that contain histone H1. Native nucleosomes that lack histone H1 or
      possess high mobility group proteins package DNA that is 1.6- to 2.3-fold
      undermethylated. We suggest that the preferential association of methylated
      sequences with histone H1 has functional significance because DNA methylation has
      been linked to gene inactivation and histone H1 is known to promote chromatin
      condensation.

PMID- 6577441
TI  - Synthesis and post-translational assembly of intermediate filaments in avian
      erythroid cells: vimentin assembly limits the rate of synemin assembly.
AB  - The assembly of vimentin intermediate filaments and the high molecular weight
      filament crosslinking protein, synemin, was studied in erythroid cells from 10
      day chicken embryos. Pulse labeling studies show that newly synthesized vimentin
      is present both in a Triton X-100-insoluble form and in a soluble form. The
      incorporation of labeled vimentin into the insoluble fraction increases linearly
      with time, while the soluble pool of labeled vimentin saturates quickly. In
      contrast, synemin accumulates rapidly in the Triton X-100-soluble fraction and
      begins to accumulate in the insoluble fraction only after a considerable lag of
      time. Pulse-chase studies reveal that the detergent-soluble pools of both
      vimentin and synemin contain precursors for their post-translational assembly
      into detergent-insoluble filaments and that the half-life of soluble synemin is
      about twice as long as that of soluble vimentin. Immunoprecipitation of
      solubilized filaments with synemin antiserum precipitates vimentin with synemin.
      On the other hand, soluble vimentin does not coimmunoprecipitate with soluble
      synemin. These results suggest that, in the assembly of vimentin and synemin into
      intermediate filaments, vimentin filament elongation generates synemin binding
      sites, and thus the rate of vimentin filament elongation limits the rate of
      synemin assembly.

PMID- 6577442
TI  - Slow cruciform transitions in palindromic DNA.
AB  - Extrusion of cruciform structures in self-complementary regions of DNA is known
      to be favored by negative supercoiling of DNA. We show here that, in moderately
      supercoiled DNA, cruciform extrusion is a very slow process. In plasmid pUC7 DNA,
      with a 48-base-pair palindrome, the half-time of extrusion at 50 degrees C is
      typically several hours; rates are even slower at lower temperature. The rates
      increase significantly with increasing DNA supercoiling but are only slightly
      faster in DNA species with much longer palindromes. The reabsorption of cruciform
      arms is also very slow. The equilibrium between cruciform and regular DNA
      structures is sensitive to changes in the linking number. Measurement of this
      equilibrium leads to an estimate of 18 kcal/mol (75.3 kJ/mol) for the free energy
      required to generate a cruciform structure. In bacterial cells, cruciform DNA may
      be rare, even when it is thermodynamically favored, because of its slow
      formation.

PMID- 6577443
TI  - Two DNA methyltransferases from murine erythroleukemia cells: purification,
      sequence specificity, and mode of interaction with DNA.
AB  - Dye-ligand chromatography on Cibacron blue F3GA-agarose has been used to resolve
      two species of DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase from nuclear extracts of
      uninduced Friend murine erythroleukemia cells. Each species has been highly
      purified; the activities in the first and second peaks were associated with
      polypeptides of Mr 150,000 and 175,000, respectively. Analysis of substrate
      specificity with synthetic DNAs and restriction fragments of phi X174 replicative
      form DNA and pBR322 DNA showed that neither enzyme had dependence on the sequence
      context of CpG dinucleotides; poly(dG-dC) had the greatest methyl-accepting
      activity of any unmethylated DNA substrate tested. De novo methylation by both
      enzymes was inefficient relative to methylation of hemimethylated sites. Methyl
      accepting activity was strongly dependent on DNA chain length. This observation
      suggests that binding to DNA, followed by one-dimensional diffusion of enzyme
      along the DNA molecule, is important in the mechanism by which DNA
      methyltransferase locates its recognition sites.

PMID- 6577444
TI  - Flow cytometric measurement of total DNA content and incorporated
      bromodeoxyuridine.
AB  - We have developed a procedure for simultaneous flow cytometric measurement of
      cellular DNA content and amount of BrdUrd incorporated into cellular DNA.
      Propidium iodide was used as a fluorescent probe for total cellular DNA and a
      monoclonal antibody against BrdUrd was used as a probe for BrdUrd incorporated
      into DNA. Fluorescein-labeled goat anti-mouse antibody was used to fluorescently
      label the bound anti-BrdUrd probe. Bivariate DNA/BrdUrd distributions measured
      for Chinese hamster ovary cells labeled for 30 min with BrdUrd clearly show the
      G1-and G2M-phase cells to have low BrdUrd-linked fluorescence and the S-phase
      cells to have high BrdUrd-linked fluorescence. Cell cycle traverse rates were
      estimated for Chinese hamster ovary cells from bivariate distributions measured
      for samples taken periodically after pulse labeling with BrdUrd. Bivariate
      DNA/BrdUrd distributions were also applied in the analysis of the response of C3H
      murine bone marrow cells to treatment in vivo with 1-beta-D
      arabinofuranosylcytosine (araC). Bivariate distributions were measured for bone
      marrow cells taken from mice that were pulse labeled with BrdUrd at various times
      after treatment with araC. The resulting DNA/BrdUrd sequences show the kinetics
      of recovery from araC and allow discrimination of the araC sterilized cells.

PMID- 6577445
TI  - 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 promotes fusion of mouse alveolar macrophages both
      by a direct mechanism and by a spleen cell-mediated indirect mechanism.
AB  - Extensive fusion was induced in mouse alveolar macrophages by treatment with
      conditioned media obtained from spleen cell cultures treated with 15 micrograms
      of phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A per ml or with 12 nM 1 alpha,25
      dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1 alpha,25(OH)2D3]. The fusion rate was 80-90% on day 3. In
      addition, 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 added directly to alveolar macrophages induced fusion
      of about 35% of the cells on day 3, whereas direct addition of phytohemagglutinin
      and concanavalin A did not enhance fusion at all. When conditioned media from
      spleen cell or T cell cultures treated with 12 nM 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 were applied
      to a Sephadex G-100 column, a fusion factor (Mr 37,000-70,000) could be separated
      from 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3. 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 induced fusion at 0.012-120 nM in a
      dose-dependent manner both by direct action and by spleen cell-mediated indirect
      action, but the fusion rate was always much greater in the latter than in the
      former at each concentration of the vitamin. Of the vitamin D3 derivatives
      tested, 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 was the most potent, followed successively by 1
      alpha,24R,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3, 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin
      D3, and 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. These results clearly indicate that 1
      alpha,25(OH)2D3 induces fusion of mouse alveolar macrophages by both a direct and
      an indirect mechanism, the latter mediated by spleen cells, probably by T cells.

PMID- 6577446
TI  - Molecular cloning and cell cycle-specific regulation of a functional human
      thymidine kinase gene.
AB  - A functional thymidine kinase (TK; ATP:thymidine 5'-phosphotransferase, EC
      2.7.1.21) gene has been molecularly cloned from human DNA. The gene was rescued
      from a genomic library of TK-deficient mouse L cells transformed to the TK+
      phenotype with total HeLa cell DNA. Of 14 overlapping clones, only one contained
      the intact human TK gene. The cloned recombinant bacteriophage carries a 16
      kilobase insert derived entirely from human DNA and is capable of transforming
      LTK- cells to TK+ with an efficiency of 10 TK+ colonies per ng of DNA per 10(6)
      cells. Restriction endonuclease mapping shows that the functional human TK gene
      is at least twice as long as that reported for chicken. A 1.6-kilobase Xho
      I/EcoRI fragment was subcloned and found to hybridize to a human mRNA of 1.5
      kilobases. When introduced into LTK- cells, the cloned human TK gene is regulated
      in the cell cycle-specific manner characteristic of TK+ mammalian cells. That is,
      TK activity in synchronized cells increases markedly with the onset of DNA
      synthesis. The signals governing the S-phase induction of TK activity reside
      within 16 kilobases of human DNA and are correctly interpreted by mouse cells.

PMID- 6577447
TI  - Chromatid damage after G2 phase x-irradiation of cells from cancer-prone
      individuals implicates deficiency in DNA repair.
AB  - Ten lines of skin fibroblasts from individuals with genetic disorders
      predisposing to a high risk of cancer were compared with nine lines from normal
      adult donors with respect to chromatid damage after x-irradiation [25, 50, and
      100 rad (0.25, 0.50, and 1 gray)] during G2 phase. The 10 cell lines represented
      five genetic disorders: Bloom syndrome, familial polyposis, Fanconi anemia,
      Gardner syndrome, and xeroderma pigmentosum, complementation groups A(XP-A), C(XP
      C), E(XP-E), and variant (XP-Va). The incidence of chromatid breaks in all cancer
      prone lines except XP-E and XP-A was significantly higher than in the normal
      lines. The incidence of chromatid gaps in all cancer-prone lines except XP-A and
      XP-Va was significantly higher than in the normal lines. Because each chromatid
      apparently contains a single continuous DNA double strand, chromatid breaks and
      gaps represent unrepaired DNA strand breaks arising directly or indirectly during
      excision repair of x-ray-induced DNA damage. These cytogenetic data together with
      results from use of the DNA repair inhibitor arabinofuranosyl cytosine (cytosine
      arabinoside) suggest that cells from all of these cancer-prone individuals are
      deficient in some step of DNA repair, predominantly excision repair operative
      during the G2-prophase period of the cell cycle. It appears that these DNA repair
      deficiencies are associated with a genetic predisposition to a high risk of
      cancer.

PMID- 6577448
TI  - Human chromosome 13 compensates a DNA repair defect in UV-sensitive mouse cells
      by mouse--human cell hybridization.
AB  - A human chromosome responsible for excision repair of UV-induced DNA damage has
      been identified by studying somatic cell hybrids between an UV-sensitive mutant
      of mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells and normal human lymphocytes. An autosomal
      recessive mutant, Q31, of complementation group I is deficient in excision repair
      of UV-induced DNA damage. Somatic cell hybrids between Q31 and human lymphocytes
      exhibited the same UV resistance as did parental L5178Y cells. In addition, both
      the levels of UV-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis and chromosomal sensitivity
      were recovered from the UV-resistant hybrid clones. Segregation of the hybrid
      cells gave rise to UV-sensitive clones. The segregation of UV sensitivity was not
      correlated with the loss of human X chromosome. Karyotype analysis of the
      segregants gave evidence that a gene on human chromosome 13 compensates for UV
      hypersensitivity of Q31 mutant.

PMID- 6577449
TI  - New approaches for computer analysis of nucleic acid sequences.
AB  - A new high-speed computer algorithm is outlined that ascertains within and
      between nucleic acid and protein sequences all direct repeats, dyad symmetries,
      and other structural relationships. Large repeats, repeats of high frequency,
      dyad symmetries of specified stem length and loop distance, and their
      distributions are determined. Significance of homologies is assessed by a
      hierarchy of permutation procedures. Applications are made to papovaviruses, the
      human papillomavirus HPV, lambda phage, the human and mouse mitochondrial
      genomes, and the human and mouse immunoglobulin kappa-chain genes.

PMID- 6577450
TI  - Sensory distinction between H-2b and H-2bm1 mutant mice.
AB  - Genetic polymorphism in the H-2:Qa:Tla region of chromosome 17 is associated with
      constitutive variation of bodily odor phenotypes which permit individual
      olfactory recognition among mice. To determine whether known genes in the H
      2:Qa:Tla complex are concerned in the constitution of odor phenotypes, mice were
      tested for their ability to sense a difference between the B6/By (H-2b) and
      congeneic B6.C-H-2bm1 strains, which differ genetically by mutation of the H-2K
      gene. As in previous studies of the sensory discrimination of H-2:Qa:Tla
      phenotypes, mice were trained by reward in a Y maze to distinguish the odors of
      urine samples, and the successful distinctions of B6/By from B6.C-H-2bm1 were
      confirmed by transfer of training, without reward, to coded samples of urine from
      genetically equivalent urine donor mice which the trained mice had not previously
      encountered. Cosegregation of odor phenotype with H-2b and H-2bm1 was
      demonstrated by transfer of training to typed H-2b and H-2bm1 homozygous
      segregants of F2 generations of appropriate crosses. Although it is not excluded
      that the differences in odor phenotype which distinguish H-2b and H-2bm1 mice are
      directly related to the structure of the H-2b and H-2bm1 products, it is equally
      possible that H-2-related odor phenotypes arise from effects of H-2 genetic
      variation on metabolic pathways either directly, or indirectly through
      developmental polymorphism.

PMID- 6577451
TI  - Specific DNA sequence amplification in human neuroblastoma cells.
AB  - Southern blot analysis of a number of EcoRI-digested human neuroblastoma DNAs has
      revealed the presence of a family of discrete restriction fragments, the majority
      of which are amplified in most, but not all, of the neuroblastoma cell lines
      tested. None of these sequences is abundantly present in DNA from other human
      tumors of different tissue origins, including several either known or presumed to
      contain amplified DNA. Hence, these sequences appear to be specifically amplified
      by neuroblastoma cells. Hybridization with metaphase chromosomes in situ has
      localized these sequences to either the homogeneously staining regions or double
      minute chromosomes of different neuroblastoma cell lines, indicating that these
      chromosomal structures, although present in cell lines established from different
      patients, share many sequences and may have a common, but as yet unknown,
      function.

PMID- 6577452
TI  - Kinetics of homophilic binding by embryonic and adult forms of the neural cell
      adhesion molecule.
AB  - The neural cell adhesion molecule, N-CAM, is a cell surface glycoprotein found on
      embryonic and adult neurons and on a variety of ectodermal and mesodermal tissues
      in very early embryos. During development, it shows local variations in
      prevalence at the cell surface as well as conversion from an embryonic form (E
      form) with high sialic acid content to an adult form (A form) with lesser amounts
      of this sugar. This E leads to A conversion occurs on different schedules in
      different brain regions, and it has been hypothesized that both the conversion
      and the prevalence changes are related to early regulation of pattern formation
      and connectivity. In order to identify precisely the consequences of these
      mechanisms of local cell surface modulation of N-CAM, an assay was developed to
      measure the rate of aggregation either of vesicles reconstituted from lipid and
      purified N-CAM or of native brain membrane vesicles. In both preparations,
      aggregation was greater than 95% inhibitable by specific anti-(N-CAM) Fab'
      fragments. The rates of aggregation of reconstituted N-CAM vesicles and native
      brain vesicles were found to be inversely related to the sialic acid content of
      their N-CAM molecules, with full desialylation resulting in about a 4-fold
      increase in rate over E-form N-CAM. Intermediate rates were obtained both with A
      form N-CAM (which contains only one-third of the sialic acid content of E-form N
      CAM) and with partially desialylated E-form N-CAM. The rate of coaggregation of
      reconstituted vesicles containing E-form N-CAM with reconstituted vesicles
      containing A-form N-CAM was also intermediate, implying that desialylation did
      not change the nature of (N-CAM)-(N-CAM) binding but only its rate. Even larger
      alterations in vesicle aggregation rate were seen when the amount of N-CAM per
      vesicle was altered. A 2-fold increase in the N-CAM-to-lipid ratio of
      reconstituted vesicles resulted in a greater than 30-fold increase in their rate
      of aggregation. Moreover, desialylation did not cause a further increase in the
      rate of aggregation of these already rapidly aggregating vesicles. These results
      in a model system demonstrate the large range of binding rates that are
      obtainable by various forms of local surface modulation of N-CAM. They are
      consistent with the proposal that similar alterations affecting (N-CAM)-mediated
      cell adhesion in vivo may be major factors in pattern formation during
      development of the nervous system.

PMID- 6577453
TI  - Shape recognition and inferior temporal neurons.
AB  - Inferior temporal cortex plays an important role in shape recognition. To study
      the shape selectivity of single inferior temporal neurons, we recorded their
      responses to a set of shapes systematically varying in boundary curvature. Many
      inferior temporal neurons were selective for stimuli of specific boundary
      curvature and maintained this selectivity over changes in stimulus size or
      position. The method of describing boundary curvature was that of Fourier
      descriptors.

PMID- 6577454
TI  - Ultrastructural networks in growth cones and neurites of cultured central nervous
      system neurons.
AB  - We have examined growth cones and neurites of cultured central nervous system
      neurons by high-voltage electron microscopy. Embryonic chicken retina cells were
      cultured on polylysine-treated and Formvar-coated gold grids for 2-6 days, fixed,
      and critical point dried. Growth cones and neurites were examined as unembedded
      whole mounts. Three-dimensional images from stereo-pair electron micrographs of
      these regions showed a high degree of ultrastructural articulation, with
      distinct, non-tapering filaments (5-9 nm in diameter) joining both cytoskeletal
      and membranous components. In the central regions of growth cones, interconnected
      structures included microtubules, large membranous sacs (up to 400 nm), and
      irregular vesicles (25-75 nm). A denser filamentous network was prevalent at the
      edges of growth cones. This network, which frequently adjoined the surface
      membrane, linked vesicles of uniform size (35-40 nm). Such vesicles often were
      seen densely packed in growth cone protrusions that were about the size of small
      synaptic boutons. Prevalent structural interconnections within growth cones
      conceivably could play a logistic role in specific membrane assembly,
      intracellular transport, endocytosis, and secretion. Because such processes are
      not unique to growth cones, the extensive linkages we have observed may have
      implications for cytoplasmic structure in general.

PMID- 6577455
TI  - A flow- and time-dependent index of ischemic injury after experimental coronary
      occlusion and reperfusion.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to determine whether an ischemic index-
      expressed as the product of flow deprivation (FD) and the duration of occlusion
      (T), FD X T--correlated with biochemical and early morphologic alterations of the
      subendocardial myocardium and could predict ultimate development of irreversible
      injury after coronary reperfusion. Myocardial biopsy specimens for measurement of
      ATP and other purines and for ultrastructure studies were obtained in vivo during
      coronary occlusion in a canine model and were considered relative to development
      of necrosis after coronary reperfusion. FD X T correlated negatively with ATP
      content [ATP, nmol/mg of cardiac protein = 23.6 - 0.24(FD X T) + 0.0007(FD X T)2;
      r = -0.81] and with a semiquantitative early histologic index of damage (r =
      0.70). Values of (FD X T) less than 18 were associated with reversible injury-
      i.e., complete salvage after coronary reperfusion. (FD X T) greater than 18 was
      associated with varying degrees of necrosis; necrosis was severe (78 +/- 12% of
      subendocardial biopsy specimens) when ATP less than 10 nmol/mg of protein and
      total purine pool was decreased by 50%. FD X T correlated with the eventual
      percentage of subendocardial necrosis (r = 0.85). Accordingly, as an index of
      ischemic injury, FD X T may be useful in assessing whether ischemic myocardial
      tissue will benefit from early restoration of blood flow to the ischemic area.

PMID- 6577456
TI  - Reversible uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation at low oxygen tension.
AB  - The stoichiometry of oxidative phosphorylation at low oxygen tension (less than 3
      torr; O2 less than 5 microM) has been measured in rat liver mitochondria. In a
      steady-state model in which respiration rate was experimentally controlled by
      either oxygen or substrate (succinate) limitation, flux-dependent variation in
      the phosphorylation efficiency (P/O ratio) of stimulated mitochondrial
      respiration was evaluated. P/O ratio remained constant over a wide range of
      respiration rates in mitochondria limited only by substrate availability. In
      contrast, oxygen-limited mitochondria demonstrated a continuous decline in P/O
      ratio as respiration was increasingly restricted. Significant differences in the
      two test conditions were demonstrated throughout the range of analysis. The
      effect of oxygen limitation on phosphorylation efficiency was shown to be
      completely reversed by restoring zero-order kinetics associated with high oxygen
      tension. These findings are discussed in regard to a proposed uncoupling of
      mitochondrial coupling site II at low oxygen tension arising as a consequence of
      energy-dissipating electron flux through the ubiquinone-cytochrome b-c1 region of
      the respiratory chain (complex III).

PMID- 6577458
TI  - Identification of a molecular weight 43,000 protein kinase in acetylcholine
      receptor-enriched membranes.
AB  - A photoaffinity ATP ligand is used to identify the protein kinase present in
      acetylcholine receptor-enriched membranes from Torpedo californica. Incubation of
      these membranes with 8-azido-[alpha-32P]ATP and subsequent irradiation with UV
      light resulted in covalent labeling of a major band of Mr 43,000. Alkali-stripped
      membranes that show a selective reduction in the Mr 43,000 polypeptide also show
      a corresponding reduction in incorporation of photoaffinity label. In addition,
      the neutralized alkaline extract also showed one band at Mr 43,000 when labeled
      with the photoaffinity ligand. After alkali extraction, endogenous protein kinase
      activity decreased in the membranes in proportion to the loss of Mr 43,000
      peptide. Moreover, the alkaline extract was able to phosphorylate casein in an
      exogenous assay system. These results suggest that a Mr 43,000 polypeptide in
      acetylcholine receptor-enriched membranes is the acetylcholine receptor kinase.

PMID- 6577457
TI  - Isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against the DNA
      repair enzyme uracil DNA glycosylase from human placenta.
AB  - A series of monoclonal antibodies has been prepared against the base excision
      repair enzyme uracil DNA glycosylase isolated from human placenta. Spleen cells
      from BALB/c mice immunized with purified human placental uracil DNA glycosylase
      were fused with either P3X63 Ag8.653 or SP2/0 myeloma cells. Hybridomas producing
      antibodies directed against the placental glycosylase were identified in an
      enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Each positive hybridoma was cloned twice by
      limit dilution and tested for anti-glycosylase activity in an enzyme
      immunoprecipitation assay. Each of the four clones examined in detail
      precipitated enzyme activity in an immunoprecipitation reaction only in the
      presence of rabbit anti-mouse IgG as a second antibody. No anti-uracil DNA
      glycosylase activity was observed in a spontaneous hybridoma used as a control.
      Each monoclonal antibody immunoprecipitated uracil DNA glycosylases isolated from
      several human tissues. Partial crossreactivity was observed with rat liver
      glycosylase and with a hamster enzyme. In contrast, no crossreactivity was
      observed with yeast or Escherichia coli glycosylase. Glycerol gradient
      sedimentation analysis demonstrated that one of the antibodies bound to the
      glycosylase at a site that did not diminish its catalytic activity. A second
      monoclonal antibody bound at a determinant that affected catalytic activity.
      Analysis of antibody-glycosylase interactions suggests that human cells contain
      antigenically distinct glycosylase species that may be encoded by individual
      uracil DNA glycosylase genes. The potential use of these monoclonal antibodies in
      studies examining the regulation of glycosylase isoenzymes during cell
      proliferation in normal human cells and in cells from cancer-prone individuals is
      considered.

PMID- 6577459
TI  - Induction of monocytic differentiation and bone resorption by 1,25
      dihydroxyvitamin D3.
AB  - 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] stimulates bone resorption in man and
      other vertebrates, in part, by increasing the number of osteoclasts, the
      principal resorbing cells of bone. Because osteoclasts are very likely derived
      from a member(s) of the mononuclear phagocyte family, we determined if
      1,25(OH)2D3 promotes maturation of these cells by studying its effects on the
      human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60. Of the vitamin D3 metabolites
      tested, only 1,25(OH)2D3, at 10(-10) to 10(-7) M, induces the differentiation of
      HL60 into mono- and multinucleated macrophage-like cells. Phenotypic change is
      evident within 24 hr and reaches a plateau between 72 and 96 hr of incubation.
      The changes are metabolite-specific and include (i) adherence to substrate, (ii)
      acquisition of the morphological features of mature monocytes, (iii) a 4- to 6
      fold enhancement in lysozyme synthesis and secretion, (iv) increase in the
      fraction of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase-positive cells from approximately 2%
      to 100% of the population, and (v) the acquisition of several monocyte-associated
      cell surface antigens. More importantly, treated HL-60 cells acquire the capacity
      to bind and degrade bone matrix, two of the essential, functional characteristics
      of osteoclasts and related bone-resorbing cells. These results, considered
      together with the reported action of 1,25(OH)2D3 on nontransformed mononuclear
      cells, are consistent with the view that vitamin D3 enhances bone resorption and
      osteoclastogenesis in vivo by promoting the differentiation of precursor cells.

PMID- 6577460
TI  - Two classes of mouse mast cells delineated by monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - A panel of rat monoclonal antibodies was used to classify mouse mast cells from
      four different sources on the basis of their surface determinants. Three
      populations of mast cells were derived by culturing normal bone marrow, spleen,
      and peripheral blood cells, whereas the fourth population was isolated directly
      from the peritoneal cavity. For each population, a surface antigen phenotype was
      determined by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and compared to the
      phenotypes of the other populations of mast cells. The results showed that
      culture-derived mast cells, regardless of origin, had nearly identical antigen
      phenotypes, suggesting that these populations were comparable. By contrast,
      peritoneal mast cells had a different phenotype, suggesting that they represented
      a class distinct from culture-derived mast cells. These findings, which
      corroborate classification schemes based on nonimmunologic methods, demonstrate
      that subpopulations of mouse mast cells can be distinguished antigenically.

PMID- 6577461
TI  - On the optimal sex ratio.
AB  - The equilibrium structures for various multiallele sex-determining genetic models
      of panmictic populations with sex expression depending on the genotypes of either
      the zygote or a parent are described. Even-sex-ratio equilibrium surfaces can
      exist apart from equilibrium points having coincident male and female allelic
      frequency sets. The latter (symmetric) equilibrium states entail biased sex
      ratios. A stable symmetric equilibrium and an even-sex-ratio equilibrium
      segregating the same alleles cannot coexist. The tendency to evolve toward an
      even-sex ratio is embodied by the following optimality property: starting from an
      equilibrium having a biased sex ratio, mutant sex-determining alleles can
      accumulate only in the case in which in the augmented system all attainable
      equilibrium states have a sex ratio closer to one to one.

PMID- 6577463
TI  - Evolution of a large population under gene conversion.
AB  - The dynamics of allelic frequencies at a single multiallelic locus under gene
      conversion is studied. Generations are discrete and nonoverlapping; the diploid
      monoecious population mates at random; selection, mutation, and random drift are
      negligible. Analytical and numerical investigation indicates the following. (i)
      If gene conversion is biased within at least one pair of alleles, then the
      frequency of at least one allele must become arbitrarily small. (ii) If
      conversion is biased within every pair of alleles, then the frequency of at most
      one allele can fail to become arbitrarily small. Although allelic frequencies may
      become repeatedly small instead of remaining small, the biological ubiquity of
      small random perturbations (due, e.g., to random genetic drift) guarantees the
      ultimate loss of at least one allele in case i and of all alleles but one in case
      ii. The decay of genetic variability is often sufficiently rapid to imply that
      biased gene conversion can be an important mechanism for the genetic divergence
      of isolated populations.

PMID- 6577462
TI  - Ontophyletics of the nervous system: development of the corpus callosum and
      evolution of axon tracts.
AB  - The evolution of nervous systems has included significant changes in the axon
      tracts of the central nervous system. These evolutionary changes required changes
      in axonal growth in embryos. During development, many axons reach their targets
      by following guidance cues that are organized as pathways in the embryonic
      substrate, and the overall pattern of the major axon tracts in the adult can be
      traced back to the fundamental pattern of such substrate pathways. Embryological
      and comparative anatomical studies suggest that most axon tracts, such as the
      anterior commissure, have evolved by the modified use of preexisting substrate
      pathways. On the other hand, recent developmental studies suggest that a few
      entirely new substrate pathways have arisen during evolution; these apparently
      provided opportunities for the formation of completely new axon tracts. The
      corpus callosum, which is found only in placental mammals, may be such a truly
      new axon tract. We propose that the evolution of the corpus callosum is founded
      on the emergence of a new preaxonal substrate pathway, the "glial sling," which
      bridges the two halves of the embryonic forebrain only in placental mammals.

PMID- 6577464
TI  - Structural basis for Robertsonian translocations in man: association of ribosomal
      genes in the nucleolar fibrillar center in meiotic spermatocytes and oocytes.
AB  - The spatial relationships of acrocentric chromosomes were studied during prophase
      I of meiosis in human oocytes and spermatocytes by using cytogenetic techniques,
      electron microscopy, and in situ hybridization. Ultrastructural investigations
      revealed an ordered arrangement of nucleolar bivalents at the zygotene and
      pachytene stages. The end of the bivalent corresponding to the cytological
      satellite was consistently attached to the nuclear envelope. The fibrillar center
      of the nucleolus always contained rDNA chromatin fibers emanating from the
      secondary constriction region. Association of ribosomal genes from two bivalents
      in the same fibrillar center was frequently observed. Ultrastructural studies
      demonstrated the close proximity of chromatids in the short arm region of the
      involved nonhomologous acrocentrics. A breakage/reunion model based on our data
      can explain the formation of all observed types of Robertsonian translocations:
      monocentrics and dicentrics with or without rDNA.

PMID- 6577465
TI  - Restoration of Ca2+ influx and degranulation capacity of variant RBL-2H3 cells
      upon implantation of isolated cromolyn binding protein.
AB  - Recently, variants of the rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-2H3), deficient in
      their binding capacity for the antiallergic drug cromolyn but displaying
      unimpaired ability to bind IgE, were selected and cloned [Mazurek, N., Bashkin,
      P., Petrank, A. & Pecht, I. (1983) Nature (London) 303, 528-530]. Although the
      histamine content and the number of IgE receptors in these variants are similar
      to those of the parental cells, they cannot be stimulated immunologically to
      allow Ca(2+) influx and to degranulate. In contrast, the Ca(2+) ionophore A23187
      causes these variants to degranulate, indicating that the mechanism distal to the
      Ca(2+) gating is intact in the variants. The cromolyn binding protein (CBP),
      present in the membranes of RBL-2H3 cells, has recently been isolated by affinity
      chromatography under nondenaturing conditions. In the current study we have used
      Sendaivirus envelopes as fusogenic carriers to implant the purified CBP into the
      membrane of variant basophils that were defective in it. This fusion leads to the
      restoration of Ca(2+) uptake and degranulation capacity of the variants after IgE
      mediated stimulation. These restored activities seem to show a sigmoidal
      dependence on the amount of incorporated CBP. Saturation values comparable to
      those of the parental line are reached when the level of implanted CBP approaches
      its density on the latter line. The restored capacity is due to the implanted
      CBP, because the reinstated immunological response can be blocked by the
      inhibitory drug cromolyn and by monoclonal antibodies specific to CBP, both shown
      to prevent Ca(2+) uptake and degranulation in mast cells and parental RBL-2H3
      cells. These results point out that CBP plays an important role in the Ca(2+)
      gating process resulting in degranulation.

PMID- 6577467
TI  - Restoration of ovulatory cycles by young ovarian grafts in aging mice:
      potentiation by long-term ovariectomy decreases with age.
AB  - The relative contributions of ovarian and hypothalamic-pituitary factors to the
      anovulatory status of aging mice were evaluated by measuring the capacity of mice
      to resume ovulatory cyclicity after receiving young ovaries under the renal
      capsule. Young grafts partially restored cyclicity if old hosts were acutely
      ovariectomized but almost fully restored cyclic ovulatory function if the old
      hosts had been ovariectomized early in adulthood. With advancing age, however,
      the efficacy of the grafts declined progressively in both acute and long-term
      ovariectomized groups. These data show that both ovarian and hypothalamic
      pituitary aging contribute to the etiology of anovulation. Although chronic
      withdrawal from ovarian secretions retards the age of onset of hypothalamic
      pituitary aging, the duration of this ameliorative effect is limited by
      progressive ovary-independent neuroendocrine dysfunction.

PMID- 6577466
TI  - Familial cutaneous malignant melanoma: autosomal dominant trait possibly linked
      to the Rh locus.
AB  - Segregation and linkage analyses were undertaken in families with multiple cases
      of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) and a recently-described melanoma
      precursor, the dysplastic nevus syndrome (DNS). Clinical and laboratory data,
      including 23 genetic markers, were collected on 401 members of 14 high-risk
      kindreds. Pedigree analysis was compatible with an autosomal dominant mode of
      inheritance for the familial CMM trait. Although a similar model probably applies
      to the DNS trait as well, segregation analysis could not confirm the presence of
      a major locus. However, linkage analysis suggested that an autosomal dominant
      model was appropriate for the DNS, and that a DNS/CMM susceptibility gene may be
      located on the short arm of chromosome 1, within 30 map units of the Rh locus
      [maximum logarithm of odds (lod) score = 2.00].

PMID- 6577468
TI  - Inhibition of thromboxane A2 synthesis in human platelets by coagulation factor
      Xa.
AB  - Factor Xa binds to platelets provided that factor Va is present on the platelet
      surface, an interaction that results in a striking acceleration of the conversion
      of prothrombin to thrombin. Thrombin then initiates fibrin formation, induces
      platelet aggregation, and stimulates the intraplatelet synthesis of thromboxane
      A2 (TXA2). Addition of thrombin (2.4-14.4 nM) to platelet-rich plasma increased
      the basal level of TXA2, measured as thromboxane B2, from less than 0.5 pmol per
      10(8) platelets to (mean +/- SEM) 100 +/- 22 and 250 +/- 10 pmol per 10(8)
      platelets, respectively. Treatment of platelet-rich plasma with increasing
      concentrations of factor Xa (1-12 nM) prior to the addition of thrombin
      progressively inhibited the production of TXA2. Thrombin (9.6 nM), which produced
      93% of the maximal formation of TXA2, was inhibited 70% by factor Xa (10 nM). To
      identify which of these steps in thromboxane synthesis was inhibited by factor
      Xa, platelets labeled with [14C]arachidonic acid were exposed to thrombin and
      products of prostaglandin synthesis were separated by thin-layer chromatography.
      In contrast to the inhibition of TXA2 synthesis, prostaglandin E2 and
      prostaglandin F2 alpha synthesis were not inhibited suggesting that neither
      phospholipase(s) nor cycloxygenase was involved. The inhibition of TXA2 formation
      by factor Xa could be reversed by increasing the molar ratio of thrombin to
      factor Xa to 5.5. Incubation of platelets with an IgG fraction of a human
      monoclonal antifactor V antibody, previously shown to inhibit factor Xa binding,
      was found to block factor Xa inhibition of TXA2 synthesis. The inhibition of TXA2
      synthesis requires the presence of the active site serine of factor Xa and is not
      specific for TXA2 formation induced by thrombin because it is also demonstrable
      when the agonist is ADP. Further, factor Xa does not require additional plasma
      components for its action because its inhibitory effects are detected in gel
      filtered platelets. The effect of factor Xa was evident at physiological (1.3 mM)
      calcium concentrations. These results indicate that factor Xa binding to
      platelets through factor Va not only stimulates thrombin formation but also has a
      countervailing effect by inhibiting TXA2 formation.

PMID- 6577469
TI  - Secretion of lipoproteins from the liver of normal and Watanabe heritable
      hyperlipidemic rabbits.
AB  - We compared the rate of accumulation of lipoproteins in perfusates of isolated
      livers from normal New Zealand White rabbits and Watanabe heritable
      hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits, in which a gene mutation has produced a virtually
      complete deficiency of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors. The rate of
      accumulation of apolipoprotein B-100 did not differ in perfusates of livers from
      normal and mutant animals and little or no apolipoprotein B-48 was detected. In
      both groups, virtually all apolipoprotein B accumulated in very low density
      lipoprotein (VLDL). Experiments in which [3H]lysine was added to the perfusates
      showed that the apolipoprotein B that accumulated in VLDL was newly synthesized
      by the liver whereas the small amount of apolipoprotein B found in lipoproteins
      of higher density appeared to be washed out of extravascular spaces during
      perfusion. Perfusate VLDL from both groups contained more triglycerides and less
      cholesteryl esters than their counterparts from blood plasma. As compared with
      perfusate VLDL from normal livers, those from livers of WHHL rabbits were
      enriched in cholesteryl esters. Experiments in which Triton WR-1339 was injected
      into the blood of intact rabbits confirmed the observations with perfused livers.
      Previous studies have shown that the extent to which VLDL is converted to LDL is
      increased several-fold in WHHL rabbits. Taken together with our present results,
      which fail to provide evidence for increased secretion of apolipoprotein B or de
      novo secretion of lipoproteins other than VLDL that contain apolipoprotein B, it
      can be concluded that overproduction of LDL in rabbits lacking LDL receptors is
      solely the result of altered metabolism of VLDL.

PMID- 6577470
TI  - Temperature-compensated circadian clock in the pineal of Anolis.
AB  - The pineal organ of the lizard Anolis carolinensis can be maintained for up to 10
      days in superfused organ culture. During this time it synthesizes and releases
      melatonin into the medium flowing slowly over it. Collection of timed aliquots of
      medium and subsequent analysis for melatonin by radioimmunoassay reveal circadian
      rhythms of melatonin output by the isolated pineal. These rhythms persist for
      many cycles in constant darkness and at several constant ambient temperatures
      ranging from 22 to 37 degrees C. The period of the rhythm is temperature
      compensated (Q10 approximately equal to 1.14) and the rhythm is synchronized by
      light-dark cycles imposed on the cultured gland. This isolated vertebrate organ
      displays the three major properties of circadian systems and must therefore
      contain one or more circadian oscillators.

PMID- 6577471
TI  - Effects of sodium pentobarbital anesthesia and neurotrophic factor on the
      maintenance of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in the
      preganglionically denervated superior cervical ganglion of the cat.
AB  - In continuation of a previously reported study, the superior cervical ganglia of
      cats were preganglionically denervated bilaterally under sodium pentobarbital
      anesthesia. The following day cats were reanesthetized and infused via the common
      carotid artery with an aqueous extract of cat brain, spinal cord, and sciatic
      nerves for periods of 24, 12, 6, and 3 hr, without ligation of the external
      carotid or lingual arteries as was done previously. Values for
      acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase of superior cervical ganglia at 48
      hr postdenervation were all considerably above those of denervated controls.
      However, values for cats infused with 0.9% NaCl solution and for noninfused cats
      in which sodium pentobarbital anesthesia was maintained during the 24- to 48-hr
      postdenervation period were similarly elevated, to approximately twice the values
      in denervated controls. Ligation of the external carotid and lingual arteries at
      24 hr postdenervation was found to oppose the preservation of
      acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase contents of the ganglia induced by
      barbiturate anesthesia. When arterially ligated cats were infused with extract
      for periods of 12, 6, or 3 hr, beginning 24 hr postdenervation,
      acetylcholinesterase contents of superior cervical ganglia were elevated
      significantly above those of reanesthetized, arterially ligated controls after 12
      and 6 hr but not after 3 hr of infusion, at 48 hr postdenervation.

PMID- 6577472
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies distinguish phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated forms of
      neurofilaments in situ.
AB  - The immunocytochemical staining patterns of 37 neuron-specific monoclonal
      antibodies previously described fell into four groups: (i) anti-synapse
      associated, (ii) anti-neurofibrillar, (iii) anti-perikaryonal-neurofibrillar, and
      (iv) a single antibody reactive with a widely distributed epitope that covered
      the patterns of groups ii and iii. Antibodies of groups ii, iii, and iv were
      shown to be specific to neurofilament triplet subunits, even though there was
      little overlap in staining patterns between groups ii and iii. We examined nine
      of these antibodies as to their ability to distinguish functional states of
      neurofilaments dependent upon phosphorylation. Upon digestion with phosphatase,
      electroblot staining of neurofilament components was abolished with the five
      antibodies from group ii, enhanced with the three antibodies from group iii, and
      unaffected with antibody iv. Immunocytochemical staining of Bouin-fixed paraffin
      sections of rat brain was unaffected by phosphatase pretreatment. With antibodies
      of group ii, digestion with trypsin also left staining unaffected, but when
      followed by digestion with phosphatase, staining was diminished with three out of
      five antibodies. In contrast, digestion with trypsin abolished all staining with
      each antibody from group iii. If followed by digestion with phosphatase, staining
      reappeared, but the group iii pattern was replaced by a group ii pattern.
      Staining of this pattern was again abolished upon a second treatment with
      trypsin. The antibody from group iv lost most of its groups ii and iii staining
      patterns when sections were digested with trypsin. The group ii pattern
      reappeared and, indeed, was enhanced upon a subsequent phosphatase treatment and
      was reduced again upon a second trypsin treatment. Staining by four out of five
      antibodies from group ii was inhibited by inorganic phosphate. The data indicate
      that certain nerve cell bodies, their dendrites, and at least proximal axons
      possess nonphosphorylated neurofilaments and that long fibers, including terminal
      axons, possess phosphorylated neurofilaments. We propose that phosphorylation may
      be a factor in stabilizing compacted forms of neurofilaments and that
      heterogeneity of the compacted structures may play a role in a possible
      multiplicity of function within individual nerve cells.

PMID- 6577474
TI  - Interactions of various spasmogens and blood products on canine basilar artery.

PMID- 6577473
TI  - Amiloride reduces the taste intensity of Na+ and Li+ salts and sweeteners.
AB  - The diuretic amiloride, a potent inhibitor of sodium transport in a variety of
      epithelial systems, was applied to the human tongue. Application of amiloride
      reduced the taste intensity of sodium and lithium salts and of sweeteners ranging
      widely in chemical structure. The sweeteners included saccharides, glycosides,
      dipeptides, proteins, and amino acids. Amiloride did not affect perception of
      potassium or calcium salts, bitter and sour tastes, or amino acids without a
      sweet or salty component. These findings were supported by neurophysiological
      studies in rat, which showed that amiloride diminished the NaCl response relative
      to KCl. The results are consistent with the position that an amiloride-sensitive
      transport mechanism is involved in taste perception of sodium and lithium salts
      and of sweeteners.

PMID- 6577475
TI  - Persistent pulmonary hypertension and prostaglandin D2.

PMID- 6577476
TI  - Biosynthesis of prostaglandins in microsomes of human skeletal muscle and kidney.
AB  - The capacity of human skeletal muscle, renal cortical and renal medullary
      microsomes to synthesize prostaglandins (PGs) from exogenous precursor was
      investigated. The microsomal fractions were incubated with [1-14C]-labelled
      arachidonate ([14C]-AA) in the absence and in the presence of reduced glutathione
      (GSH). [14C]-PGs formed in the incubates were extracted, separated by thin-layer
      chromatography and quantified using liquid scintillation spectrometry. [14C]
      labelled PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha were found to be the principal
      products of microsomal PG formation and appeared in similar relative quantities
      in the incubates of all three tissues studied. In some incubates of renal
      cortical and renal medullary microsomes formation of smaller relative amounts of
      [14C]-PGD2 and thromboxane B2 was also noted. In addition, formation of
      substantial amounts of a polar, not yet identified compound was frequently
      observed in all incubates. In the absence of GSH, [14C]-6-keto-PGF1 alpha was the
      main PG formed by microsomes of all of the three tissues. At the expense of 6
      keto-PGF, the addition of GSH resulted in an almost 2-fold stimulation of [14C]
      PGF2 alpha formation in the skeletal muscle and renal cortical incubates, whereas
      in the renal medullary incubates an increase in the relative amounts of [14C]
      PGE2 was observed. The PG synthetic capacity was highest in the skeletal muscle
      and lowest in the renal cortical microsomes. The results demonstrate a
      considerable capacity of human skeletal muscle and of the renal cortex and renal
      medulla to synthesize prostacyclin. Furthermore, the data reveal GSH-dependent
      differences in the expression of PG biosynthesis in these tissues. The GSH
      dependent differentiation of PG synthesis may reflect a mechanism of adaptation
      of local PG production to the physiological processes.

PMID- 6577477
TI  - Leukotriene D4 and the cerebral vasculature in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - The effects of leukotriene D4 (LTD4), a component of the slow reacting substance
      of anaphylaxis (SRS-A), and the putative SRS-A antagonist FPL 55712 were studied
      on cerebral arteries in vivo and in vitro. Intracarotid injection of LTD4 (1-15
      nmols/kg) into the cerebral vasculature of the anaesthetised rat constricted
      internal and external carotid, facio-lingual and stapedial arteries for up to 40
      minutes. LTD4 at 3 nmol/kg caused a slight fall in heart rate, and at 6 and 12
      nmol/kg, an increase in diastolic (but not systolic) blood pressure was observed.
      In some experiments, constriction was followed by dilatation (possibly due to
      enhanced prostacyclin synthesis). FPL 55712 (0.3 to 30 nmols/kg) injected in the
      same manner caused both constriction and dilatation of rat cerebral arteries. In
      vitro experiments were performed on isolated human intracranial arteries
      (basilar, vertebral and Circle of Willis) obtained at autopsy, and on the
      isolated rat stomach fundus. LTD4 (2 x 10(-9) to 2 x 10(-7) M) caused sustained
      contractions of isolated human intracranial arteries. FPL 55712 (up to 4 x 10(-7)
      M) failed to antagonise the vasoconstrictor effects of LTD4, and higher
      concentrations (8 x 10(-6) to 8 x 10(-5) M) directly relaxed cerebral arteries.
      In contrast, FPL 55712 (2 x 10(-8) M) was a competitive antagonist of the
      contractile effects of LTD4 on the isolated rat fundus. This data suggests that
      the cerebral arterial leukotriene receptor differs from the peripheral smooth
      muscle receptor typified by the guinea-pig ileum and rat fundus preparations.
      Furthermore, leukotrienes may be involved in pathological vasoconstriction of
      various vascular beds after immunological reaction and trauma.

PMID- 6577478
TI  - Reduction of enzyme release from reperfused ischemic hearts by steroidal and non
      steroidal prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors.
AB  - Exacerbation of heart tissue damage by reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium is
      a well documented phenomenon. The present study was undertaken to evaluate
      prostaglandin (PG) involvement in reperfusion-induced damage of isolated globally
      ischemic rat hearts. Reperfusion produced significant increases in
      creatinephosphokinase (CPK) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) efflux which was
      accompanied by enhanced PG release. Three non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs;
      indomethacin, mefenamic acid and ASA, and the steroidal agents; dexamethasone,
      hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone significantly reduced both the release of
      CPK and PGs upon reperfusion whereas only indomethacin and mefenamic acid
      decreased LDH release. There was a significant correlation between the inhibition
      of PG synthesis and the attenuation of CPK leakage by both non-steroidal (P less
      than 0.001) and steroidal (P = 0.02) antiinflammatory agents. In spite of
      beneficial effects on enzyme release, drug treatment did not enhance recovery of
      mechanical function after reperfusion. The results suggest that inhibition of PG
      biosynthesis may be beneficial in preserving membrane, particularly mitochondrial
      integrity of the reperfused myocardium.

PMID- 6577479
TI  - Central effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha on the cardiovascular system in the
      rat.
AB  - Effects on blood pressure and heart rate of prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha
      administered into a lateral cerebral ventricle (i.c.v.) were investigated in
      urethane anesthetized rats. PG F2 alpha at doses ranging from 2.4 to 47.4
      micrograms caused dose-dependent pressor and positive chronotropic actions, but
      did not exert such actions at a dose of 47.4 micrograms in spinal rats. The
      cardiovascular actions of PG F2 alpha were reduced by intravenous (i.v.)
      pretreatment with hexamethonium (2 mg/kg). In addition, the pressor action was
      blocked by phentolamine (5 mg/kg i.v.) and the positive chronotropic action by
      propranolol (0.2 mg/kg i.v.). PG F2 alpha (47.4 micrograms) and norepinephrine (2
      micrograms/kg) injected i.v. induced transient pressor and positive chronotropic
      actions. This pressor action of norepinephrine was almost completely eliminated
      but that of PG F2 alpha was only partially inhibited by phentolamine (5 mg/kg
      i.v.), while the positive chronotropic actions were unaffected. The results
      suggest that PG F2 alpha accelerates the cardiovascular functions by stimulating
      the peripheral sympathetic tone through its central action.

PMID- 6577480
TI  - Reaction-time crossover in psychiatric outpatients.
AB  - Simple reaction time (SRT) was measured in schizophrenic, bipolar affective
      disorder, and never-psychotic outpatients to determine the specificity of SRT
      crossover to schizophrenia. A crossover pattern like that reported in other
      studies was found among the schizophrenics, but the average curve was not
      different from that of the other groups. Schizophrenics tended to have higher
      rates of crossover at the 7-second preparatory interval (47% vs. 17%-28%) but not
      substantially so. These data question the specificity of this behavioral trait to
      schizophrenics.

PMID- 6577481
TI  - Effects of chlorpromazine on serotonin uptake in blood platelets.
AB  - Platelet serotonin (5-HT) uptake was studied in schizophrenic patients before and
      after treatment with chlorpromazine (CPZ) for 2-3 weeks. No difference was noted
      in the affinity of 5-HT (Km) or maximum velocity of 5-HT uptake (Vmax) of
      unmedicated schizophrenic patients and normal controls. Administration of CPZ was
      associated with a significant increase in Km and Vmax. Specific uptake of 5-HT,
      at 0.5 microM, was significantly decreased in most subjects. Chlorpromazine
      inhibited 5-HT uptake into platelets from normal controls in vitro (IC50, 1.8 +/-
      0.1 microM) in a competitive manner.

PMID- 6577482
TI  - Effects of amoxapine on serotonin uptake in human blood platelets of depressed
      patients and normal controls.
AB  - The effect of amoxapine and imipramine on the serotonin (5-HT) uptake of blood
      platelets from depressed patients and normal controls was studied ex vivo or in
      vitro, respectively. Amoxapine was approximately one-tenth as potent as
      imipramine in inhibiting 5-HT uptake in blood platelets from normal controls in
      vitro. Both drugs inhibited 5-HT uptake in a competitive manner. However, ex vivo
      studies demonstrated that imipramine produced a mixed inhibition and amoxapine, a
      competitive inhibition of 5-HT uptake. There was no relationship between the
      change in the platelet affinity for 5-HT after treatment with amoxapine and
      clinical response to amoxapine.

PMID- 6577483
TI  - REM latency and depression: computer simulations based on the results of phase
      delay of sleep in normal subjects.
AB  - A phase advance of the circadian rhythm of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
      propensity relative to the sleep-wake cycle has been hypothesized to account for
      the abnormalities of REM sleep in depression. One implication of this hypothesis
      is that an acute phase delay of sleep in normal subjects should produce the same
      abnormalities of REM sleep. A further implication is that changes in REM sleep
      that occur in normal subjects with delay shifts of sleep of progressively greater
      magnitude describe those that occur during the course of a depressive episode.
      This hypothesis was tested by computer simulation using two equations which,
      given the data derived from normal subjects experiencing phase delays of sleep,
      generated the REM latencies expected during successive stages of a depressive
      episode. For severely depressed patients, the computer-generated data matched
      those found empirically. The known correlation between severity of depression and
      REM latency, and the REM latencies of recovered patients, are consistent with the
      hypothesis.

PMID- 6577484
TI  - The reliability of retrospective treatment reports.
AB  - High levels of agreement are reported for retrospective assessment of treatment
      history using the Longitudinal Interval Followup Evaluation Baseline (LIFE Base),
      a recently developed structured psychiatric interview, in a sample of 47 subjects
      with a moderate to severe affective disorder. In a paired rater/observer design
      with interviews conducted at five different research centers, most coefficients
      of reliability (Kappa) were above 0.91. This is the first published reliability
      study of treatment data and should be encouraging to practitioners and
      researchers. Future research aimed at assessing the validity of treatment
      information obtained from patient records and clinical interviews is recommended.

PMID- 6577485
TI  - Lateral ventricular size and drug-induced Parkinsonism.
AB  - Computed Tomography (CT) was used to assess lateral ventricular size in 20
      psychiatric inpatients who had participated in at least 5 weeks of a fixed dose
      chlorpromazine (CPZ) trial. During treatment with CPZ, eight patients had
      required antiparkinsonian medication for treatment of rigidity. The ventricular
      brain ratio (VBR) of these eight patients was greater than that of either the 12
      patients who did not require antiparkinsonian medication or a similarly aged
      control group of neurological patients, scanned for tension or migraine
      headaches. On the basis of these findings it is suggested that large lateral
      ventricular size may be associated with increased vulnerability to develop drug
      induced parkinsonism.

PMID- 6577486
TI  - Odontoma of the maxillary sinus - a case report.

PMID- 6577487
TI  - A tissue conditioner foreign body.

PMID- 6577488
TI  - Endodontic treatment of the open apex.

PMID- 6577489
TI  - Occupational hazards in the dental office and their control. III. Measures for
      controlling radiation.

PMID- 6577490
TI  - Two year clinical evaluation of a paint-on restorative system for treatment of
      cervical erosion lesions.

PMID- 6577491
TI  - Iatrogenic damages caused by dental procedures. Foreign bodies in the oral
      cavity.

PMID- 6577492
TI  - Dental causalgia: a chronic oral pain syndrome.

PMID- 6577493
TI  - The use of contractual learning for staff education.

PMID- 6577495
TI  - Effects of the MORA on members of a football team.

PMID- 6577494
TI  - Dust formation of alginate impression materials.

PMID- 6577496
TI  - Transformation of an unspecific chronic ulcer of the tongue into squamous cell
      carcinoma.

PMID- 6577497
TI  - Axial wall parallel development method.

PMID- 6577498
TI  - An esthetic inlay technique for posterior teeth.

PMID- 6577499
TI  - The effectiveness of a new oral hygiene device on plaque removal.

PMID- 6577500
TI  - Photography in the dental practice (I).

PMID- 6577501
TI  - Toothpaste discoloration of composite resin in vitro.

PMID- 6577502
TI  - Erotic complications in the dental office under anesthesia.

PMID- 6577503
TI  - [Use of functional diagnosis and therapy in the care of edentulous jaws with
      subperiosteal implant dentures (II)].

PMID- 6577504
TI  - [Progress report on use of a cavity liner with silver particles].

PMID- 6577506
TI  - [The Dehn-stop - an orthodontic border element].

PMID- 6577505
TI  - [Masticator-pantography for the hinge-axis mounted articulator].

PMID- 6577507
TI  - [Marginal periodontopathy in children and adolescents].

PMID- 6577508
TI  - [Picture coding in dental photography].

PMID- 6577509
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6577510
TI  - [Dental practice of the future. Thoughts on planning, installation and
      organization (II)].

PMID- 6577511
TI  - [Contact point for immunological therapy].

PMID- 6577512
TI  - [Basic principles: temporary filling materials].

PMID- 6577513
TI  - [The phenomenon of dental assisting].

PMID- 6577514
TI  - [Electronic data processing-supported practice management--a new function for the
      assistant (III)].

PMID- 6577515
TI  - [Oral hygiene measures - a function for the dental assistant and expanded duty
      assistant (II)].

PMID- 6577516
TI  - [Effect of iodine-131 on the induction of osteosarcoma by strontium-90].
AB  - The paper submits the results of estimation of the osteosarcomogenic
      effectiveness of 90Sr in a combination with 131I incorporated prior to or after
      the administration of 90Sr. It was demonstrated that the incidence of
      osteosarcomas increased in rats received 131I a weak after the administration of
      90Sr.

PMID- 6577517
TI  - [Indications for lymphography in bone and soft tissue tumors].

PMID- 6577519
TI  - [Intra-oral film].

PMID- 6577518
TI  - NMR imaging of leg tumors.
AB  - NMR images of 8 patients with neoplasms of the legs were obtained. Volumetric
      and/or planar NMR data were acquired using a saturation recovery (SR) approach,
      incorporating magnetization refocusing. NMR images revealed tumors in all
      patients and correlated well with the extent seen on CT. SR images with a short
      interpulse delay (tau) demonstrated a significant decrease in signal intensity
      (SI) in histologically normal fat (n = 4) and marrow (n = 1) adjacent to tumors,
      consistent with a prolonged T1. At certain values of tau, tumors on SR images
      could not be differentiated from normal muscle (tau = 200 msec.) and marrow (tau
      = 2,100 msec.) by SI alone. Using this sequence with fixed signal refocusing
      parameters, images representing several values of tau may be required to
      distinguish tumors from normal structures.

PMID- 6577520
TI  - Failure of acute hypoxia to alter pulmonary prostaglandin metabolism in dogs.
AB  - We studied the effects of acute hypoxia (Fi02 = 0.09-0.11, 20 min.) on
      transpulmonary plasma prostaglandin (PG) concentrations in ten anesthetized,
      paralyzed, artificially ventilated dogs. Concentrations of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha,
      TxB2, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2 alpha were measured from
      the pulmonary artery and abdominal aorta using radioimmunoassay. In an additional
      six dogs, the effects of arachidonic acid (AA) infusions (100 mcg/kg/min) during
      normoxia and acute hypoxia were determined. Compared to normoxic conditions,
      acute hypoxia increased pulmonary artery pressure (p less than 0.05), decreased
      both the arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) and the alveolar-to-arterial oxygen
      tension gradient (A-aDO2) (p less than 0.05), but did not affect transpulmonary
      plasma PG concentrations. AA infusions significantly (p less than 0.05) increased
      6-keto-PGF1 alpha independent of FiO2. Acute hypoxia failed to elicit a pulmonary
      pressor response in the AA-treated animals although PaO2 and A-aDO2 decreased (p
      less than 0.05). These data in healthy dogs suggest that (1) acute hypoxia does
      not alter net pulmonary PG metabolism, (2) prostacyclin synthesis is stimulated
      by increased plasma AA concentrations and (3) this effect may block normal
      pressor responses to hypoxic stimuli.

PMID- 6577521
TI  - Is prostaglandin F2 alpha involved in the increased myometrial contractility of
      primary dysmenorrhoea?
AB  - The concentrations of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and E2 (PGE2) in
      menstrual fluid collected daily from 13 women with primary dysmenorrhoea and 11
      matched controls, were compared with the pattern of uterine contractility during
      the hour following the menstrual fluid collection. The intra-uterine pressure
      (IUP) was measured using a micro-transducer catheter and the tracings analysed.
      On Day 2 the concentration of PGF2 alpha correlated with the peak area, but not
      with amplitude, duration or rate of contraction. These findings add additional
      support to the hypothesis that increased production of PGF2 alpha could
      contribute to the increased uterine contractility in primary dysmenorrhoea.

PMID- 6577523
TI  - Injury in the dental laboratory.

PMID- 6577522
TI  - A comparative study of the expansion of six dental investment materials (II).

PMID- 6577525
TI  - Fringe benefits.

PMID- 6577524
TI  - Dr. John W. McLean discusses the pros and cons of today's ceramic materials and
      new directions.

PMID- 6577526
TI  - [Utilization behavior during the course of progressive multifocal
      leukoencephalopathy].
AB  - A particular semiologic feature of a case of progressive multifocal
      leukoencephalopathy was the existence of utilization behavior as described by
      Lhermitte. The affection developed in a patient with myeloid leukemia treated by
      cytotoxic drugs. Multifocal low density areas were shown by CT Scan examination.
      The course of the disease was not altered by isoprinozine therapy.

PMID- 6577527
TI  - [The oro-dental status of drug addicts].

PMID- 6577528
TI  - [Preprosthetic surgery is accessible to the general practitioner].

PMID- 6577529
TI  - [Use of a new contact anti-hemorrhagic agent: Pangen].

PMID- 6577530
TI  - [Endodontic technics. 3: Pharmacology].

PMID- 6577531
TI  - [Congenital unilateral corneal anesthesia with neuroparalytic keratitis].

PMID- 6577532
TI  - Subdural hematomas in subteens.

PMID- 6577533
TI  - Attitudes toward pelvic examinations in two primary care settings.

PMID- 6577534
TI  - Institutional prerogatives and the private practicing physician: a changing
      partnership or the development of adversarial roles?

PMID- 6577535
TI  - [Odontoma of unusual size].

PMID- 6577536
TI  - [Development of the median palatal suture in the chick embryo].

PMID- 6577537
TI  - [Endodontics: tubular filling].

PMID- 6577538
TI  - [A case report of a class III in an adult with palatal retention of a canine].

PMID- 6577539
TI  - [Centric relation].

PMID- 6577540
TI  - [Mathematic-geometric bases for axiography].

PMID- 6577541
TI  - [Axiography using the para-occlusal curve].

PMID- 6577542
TI  - [Axiography in clinical use].

PMID- 6577543
TI  - [Clinical functional analysis].

PMID- 6577544
TI  - [Facial asymmetry due to unilateral ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint
      during growth: therapeutic program].

PMID- 6577545
TI  - [Electron microscopy study of orthodontic wire placed under stress during
      construction of a loop (II)].

PMID- 6577546
TI  - [Dentistry in the area of humanistic psychology].

PMID- 6577547
TI  - [Surgical approach to the extrapetrosal facial nerve].

PMID- 6577548
TI  - Infant hearing assessment utilizing auditory brainstem techniques.

PMID- 6577549
TI  - Our experiences with the management of young postlingually deafened persons.
      Preliminary report.

PMID- 6577551
TI  - Auditory models for hearing and fitting criteria.

PMID- 6577550
TI  - Variability of the tympanogram due to eustachian tube closing failure.
AB  - Tympanometry is generally considered a reliable measure of middle ear status.
      Nevertheless are abnormal tympanograms not uncommonly recorded in ears showing no
      signs of pathology. Recent studies have demonstrated that sniff-induced negative
      middle ear pressure can be a pathogenetic factor in the development of middle ear
      disease. It has also been shown that sniff-induced negative middle ear pressure
      per se, does not necessarily imply malfunction of the eustachian tube, since many
      normal individuals can evacuate their middle ears by sniffing. The purpose of
      this paper is to demonstrate that sniffing can produce a shift in the
      tympanometric pattern, and it is suggested that this mechanism can explain the
      occurrence of abnormal tympanograms in otherwise healthy ears. Sniffing may also
      explain the pronounced day-to-day variability seen in tympanometry.

PMID- 6577552
TI  - The importance of tympanometry in cases of sensorineural hearing loss.

PMID- 6577553
TI  - Verification of impedance measurements by a volumetric and electromechanical
      model.
AB  - A dynamic model of the middle ear and mastoid cavity will be presented. A variety
      of precisely controlled volumetric changes were simulated by the model,
      singularly or in conjunction with pressure changes, mass and friction effects at
      the level of the drum. The contributions of each factor alone and in controlled
      combinations to the acoustic impedance were serially tested and recorded. The
      validity of static compliance and tympanometry in volumetric middle ear and
      mastoid estimates is questioned. The model demonstrated dependability of
      impedance tympanometric techniques in measuring intratympanic air fluid contents
      and pressure changes. The model provided objective evidence on the capability of
      impedance techniques to differentiate mechanical traction on the drum from
      traction brought about by negative pressures. Clinical applications of these
      findings will be discussed.

PMID- 6577554
TI  - Long-term ventilation of the middle ear. An up date.
AB  - This study shows that with minor surgical intervention, far-advanced seemingly
      irreversible pathology in the middle ear and mastoid cavities can be withheld and
      almost completely resolved. Immediately following institution of the therapy air
      bone gap is closed and optimal hearing is secured. This approach if persistently
      employed early enough may render many complicated, difficult major surgical
      procedures unnecessary. It is preferable and easier both for the patient and for
      the surgeon to 'permanently' ventilate the tympanic cavity and prevent the
      deterioration to adhesive otitis and cholesteatoma, than to correct this with
      intricate surgery that is not fail-proof and has many inherent risks.

PMID- 6577555
TI  - Signal-averaging of the acoustic reflex: diagnostic applications of amplitude
      characteristics.
AB  - We employed simultaneous measurement of the crossed and uncrossed acoustic reflex
      (AR) and a signal-averaging technique to evaluate supra-threshold amplitude
      characteristics of the AR. By evaluating AR amplitude relationships in a
      mathematical model based on known afferent, efferent, and central pathway
      effects, we are able to compare results from a variety of patients and to make
      meaningful diagnostic interpretations.

PMID- 6577556
TI  - Exploring the clinical utility of the ipsilateral acoustic reflex threshold.

PMID- 6577557
TI  - Reflex "delay" in sensorineural hearing-loss.
AB  - Delay of the acoustic reflex is concerning the latency and the rise-time of the
      response. The magnitude of these parameters is correlated with the stimulus
      characteristics but it is also modified by the instrumentation. Normative data
      obtained with commercial instruments demonstrate statistically meaningful
      differences of latency depending on age groups, ipsi-or contralateral recording,
      monophasic or biphasic deflection, which is also a normal response in about 12%
      of ears. The value are comprised within 150 ms for ipsilateral recording and 200
      ms for the contralateral recording. The interaural latency difference (ILD) is
      not exceeding 40 ms. In cochlear deafness (50 cases with Meniere's disease and 50
      cases with acoustic or ototoxic lesions) the latency values are slightly shorter
      than normal in 25% of the cases. This is better demonstrated when ILD can be
      evaluated with the normal ear. Also rise-time is similarly reduced. In
      retrocochlear lesions, when a cochlear involvement is not superimposed latency
      and rise-time are lengthened. Also in these cases ILD values are very important.
      It must be recalled that an acoustic reflex delay has been observed also in cases
      of brain-stem involvement.

PMID- 6577558
TI  - Acoustic reflex and general anaesthesia.
AB  - Infant and small children are not always able to cooperate in impedance
      measurements. For this reason it was decided, -in special cases, -to perform
      acoustic reflex examination under general anaesthesia. The first report on
      stapedius reflex and general anaesthesia was published by Mink et al. in 1981.
      Under the effect of Tiobutabarbital, Propanidid and Diazepam there is no reflex
      response. Acoustic reflex can be elicited with Ketamin-hydrochlorid and
      Alphaxalone-alphadolone acetate narcosis. The reflex threshold remains unchanged
      and the amplitude of muscle contraction is somewhat increased. The method was
      used: 1. to assess the type and degree of hearing loss in children with cleft
      palate and/or lip prior to surgery. 2. to exclude neuromuscular disorders with
      indication of pharyngoplasties. 3. to quantify hearing level in children--mostly
      multiply handicapped--with retarded speech development. The results of Behavioral
      Observation and Impedance Audiometry are discussed and evaluated.

PMID- 6577559
TI  - Early detection of otosclerosis by impedance-audiometry screening.
AB  - The basis of the early detection of otosclerosis is dual: first, a better
      knowledge of the mechanism of the disease itself, which is of enzymatic origin,
      and the starting point of which is an antigen-antibody conflict between the otic
      capsule and the embryonic cartilaginous remnants; - second, the fact that the
      otospongiotic disease appears to be a genetic deafness with an autosomal
      inheritance and about 40% of genes penetrance. Consequently an early detection is
      absolutely essential to combat the disease at its beginning and to assure its
      prevention. The early diagnosis of the otospongiotic/otosclerotic disease is
      twofold: first, the early detection of stapedial fixation is given by systematic
      impedance-audiometry screening on school-children by means of stapedius reflex
      elicitation in order to detect a possible diphasic impedance change (on-off
      effect); - second, the early diagnosis of progressive cochlear deterioration is
      yielded through systematic bone-conducted audiometry testing in young children in
      families with an otospongiotic/otosclerotic history.

PMID- 6577560
TI  - "The longitudinal Hjorring-population-study". Results at 6 years of follow-up.
AB  - A prospectively planned, epidemiologic and longitudinal study of 329 children
      born in 1972 and living in a Danish provincial municipality was undertaken. All
      had tympanometric screening by the age of 3, 6 and 9 years. The screenings took
      place in January 1976, January 1979, and January 1982. The aims of the study were
      to compare the point prevalences of abnormal tympanometry in a normal population
      and to evaluate the prognosis of the different curve-types at 6 years of follow
      up. Accordingly there is major improvement in middle ear status during the first
      three years in school. Type A tympanograms have a better prognosis than all other
      types. Tympanograms with light (type C1) and severe (type C2) negative middle ear
      pressure have similar prospects. Patients with the poorest prognosis have type B
      tympanograms, 70% of type B tympanograms at age 9 years were also type B at age 3
      years.

PMID- 6577561
TI  - Three impedance screening programs on a cohort of seven-year-old children. Can
      serial impedance screening reveal chronic middle ear disease?
AB  - In an unselected cohort of 387 seven-year-old children 90% got all 9 planed
      tympanometries in the first year at school. The results from these 348 children
      had been analysed in three different impedance screening models, as 3 consecutive
      screening series, each comprising two or three tests with an interval of 4 to 8
      weeks. The specificity of the ASHA and Nashville models were too low, about 70%,
      there were too many false positive cases. Therefore a new impedance screening
      model, was constructed. It had about the same sensitivity (80%) and a fare better
      specificity (95%) than the ASHA and Nashville models. The predictive value of a
      positive test was 15% in the ASHA and Nashville models but three times better
      (48%) in the Hirtshals model. The Hirtshals model had a referral rate of 9%
      compared with the 32-36% in the ASHA and Nashville models. The frequencies of
      retesting were 31% in the ASHA model, 52% in the Nashville model and 45% in the
      Hirtshals model.

PMID- 6577562
TI  - Audiological screening of school children--preliminary results.
AB  - An audiological screening of 1120 school children aged seven and ten revealed
      abnormal tympanograms in 11% of the ears. In the younger children the failure
      rate was twice as high as in the older. Follow-up examinations showed, however,
      that only about three per cent of the ears screened displayed pathological middle
      ear pressure after 8-16 weeks. In the light of this the cost-effectiveness of
      screening tympanometry can be questioned. Pathological pure tone audiograms were
      found in 0.5% of the ears with normal middle ear pressure.

PMID- 6577563
TI  - Tympanometric prediction of the magnitude of hearing loss in preschool-children
      with secretory otitis media.
AB  - In 44 three-year-old children with chronic Eustachian tube dysfunction selected
      by repeated tympanometric screenings among all 3-year-old in a Danish region, the
      results from tympanometry, and pure-tone/speech audiometry were prospectively and
      blindly compared to the findings at paracentesis. The gradient of the
      tympanogram, and the magnitude of hearing loss separately correlated to the
      amount of middle ear effusion (MEE), but not to the viscosity of the MEE. At a
      gradient less than or equal to 0.1 no ear had a mean hearing threshold less than
      20 dB (HL), and no ear with a gradient less than or equal to 0.2 had a mean
      hearing threshold greater than 25 dB (HL). As it has previously been shown that
      almost preschool-children can cooperate to tympanometry, the observations may
      constitute a needed, objective possibility for separating secretory otitis media
      (SOM) with from SOM without major hearing loss in young children, who cannot
      cooperate to conventional pure-tone audiometry.

PMID- 6577564
TI  - Optimizing tympanometric variables for detecting middle ear traumas.
AB  - The combination of the results of different studies lead to the conclusion that
      the susceptance-conductance immittance audiometer at 660 Hz is not the only
      useful instrument for the detection of middle-ear traumas. Measurements at probe
      tone frequencies from 510 up to 910 Hz prove that the admittance tympanogram
      combined with the electrical phase angle tympanogram recorded in the 500-700 Hz
      frequency range have definite advantages.

PMID- 6577565
TI  - International symposium on impedance audiometry and pediatric audiology, Goteborg
      May 20-22, 1982.

PMID- 6577566
TI  - Hearing threshold level and middle ear pressure in children with
      phonetic/phonemic disability.
AB  - Middle ear disease and hearing loss of moderate degree is a factor which alone or
      in combination with others, have been suggested to create phonetic/phonemic
      disability. The aim of the present investigation was to throw light upon this
      question. Twentytwo children with phonetic/phonemic disability, 19 boys and 3
      girls, age 4.5-6.5 years, were examined. Twentytwo normal speaking children
      served as a control group. Oto-rhinolaryngological examination, tympanometry and
      hearing threshold measurements were performed. Abnormal middle ear pressure (less
      than -50 mm H2O) in one or both ears, and statistical significant elevated
      hearing threshold levels for pure tones (p less than 0.05) were found in 15 of
      the 22 children with phonetic/phonemic disability. Upper respiratory tract
      diseases, which may cause middle ear dysfunction, were supposed to be the
      etiology in most cases. Consequently, in all children with phonetic/phonemic
      disability, careful examination including tympanometry and accurate measurements
      of hearing threshold levels should be performed.

PMID- 6577567
TI  - Early identification of deaf babies and children in northern Israel.
AB  - Mass screening for hearing loss is established in Israel early in the first year
      of life, in the free Mother and Child Welfare Clinics, leading to early detection
      and rehabilitation of almost all the deaf babies. At risk newborns are tested
      within the first three months of age. Impedance audiometry should be widely
      implemented in pre- and early school screenings, to detect the minor conductive
      hearing losses.

PMID- 6577568
TI  - Early detection of hearing disorders in The Netherlands. A review on 15 years of
      experience.
AB  - In the Netherlands we have a nation-wide screening program on hearing for for
      infants. This program started around the late sixties. A modification of the
      method as developed by the Ewings is used. The Dutch Foundation for the Deaf and
      Hearing-Impaired Child co-ordinates the screening program. 70% of the 9 months
      old babies are screened. The total number of children screened from 1964 onwards
      until today exceeds the 700.000. A follow-up study of a population of 35.000
      children showed us that: the Ewing-test is effective; it detects both severe and
      moderate perception hearing-losses as well as conductive hearing-losses: the
      number of children that is not detected with the Ewing is relatively low;
      children who have not been screened are diagnosed at a much later age.

PMID- 6577569
TI  - Auditory arousal in preterm infants.
AB  - Auditory arousal was assessed in eleven preterm infants for two different signal
      spectra. The responsibility of these infants was compared to that previously
      determined for full term infants to the same signals. It was found that preterm
      infants respond more frequently than full term infants to both wide band and
      narrow band noises. Moreover, like the full term infants, the preterm infants
      respond to wide band signals more readily than to narrow band signals.

PMID- 6577570
TI  - Comparison of auditory brainstem response and behavioral audiometry in infants.
AB  - Sixty-three normal hearing infants, ranging from 1 to 12 months of age, were
      evaluated with Behavioral Observation Audiometry (BOA), Visual Reinforcement
      Audiometry (VRA), and Auditory Brainstem Response Audiometry (ABR). BOA
      thresholds decreased with increasing age for infants 0 to 6 months of age, while
      ABR threshold were essentially constant as a function of subject age. In general,
      VRA threshold were obtained only for infants over 4 months of age, and were
      relatively constant for the age range of 4 to 12 months. For neonates, BOA
      thresholds were significantly higher than ABR thresholds. BOA, VRA, and ABR
      thresholds tended to converge at a subject age of approximately 6 months, with
      VRA yielding the lowest and BOA the highest threshold. ABR provided the most
      consistent threshold for all subjects tested, regardless of age.

PMID- 6577571
TI  - Multiple hearing test strategy for infants (birth to 12 months).

PMID- 6577572
TI  - Audiovisual speech perception ability in adult patients.

PMID- 6577573
TI  - A case material with post lingual severe hearing loss and communication handicap.
AB  - The analyses have given some general clues to the therapeutic handling of these
      patient categories: 1. The A and B groups can be labelled "hearing" with clearly
      useful residual hearing. 2. The patients in the C group, as a rule, are utilizing
      very little from acoustic speech stimulation, mostly the prosodic information.
      Several patients in this group are possible implant candidates, and it is
      reasonable to expect that (with a suitable stimulus device and a suitable
      application of this) the patients could get an additional support during speech
      reading, so that they function as the B group. Tactile devices are also an
      alternative or a supplement for this group, and a pilot study on six patients is
      in progress in the department in cooperation with the Department of Speech
      Communication at the Royal Institute of Technology. 3. The patients within the A
      and B groups will in the first place be offered additional functional training
      programmes (prosodic training, audio-visual training and possibly vibration
      training) and, as an ultimate alternative a social activation in group therapy
      may be considered. Some patients in these groups might also be candidates in the
      future for an extra cochlear implant.

PMID- 6577574
TI  - A method to establish the effect of the hearing aid in noise using Victoreen
      signal threshold and speech discrimination.

PMID- 6577575
TI  - An audiological test battery for speech communication diagnosis in severe hearing
      loss.

PMID- 6577576
TI  - Speech perception processing.

PMID- 6577577
TI  - Some mathematical tools for speech preprocessing and speech perception modeling.

PMID- 6577578
TI  - Effects of posture on serum cholesterol fractions, cholesterol ratio and
      triglycerides.
AB  - In 41 healthy men aged 50 fasting serum HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, LDL +
      VLDL cholesterol and triglycerides increased by 8.3, 9.6, 9.9 and 11.3%,
      respectively (all P less than 0.001), after 30 min standing compared to 30 min in
      the supine position. These findings can be fully explained by decrease in plasma
      volume on changing from lying to the erect position. However, the cholesterol
      ratio (HDL cholesterol X 100/LDL + VLDL cholesterol) was not influenced by
      posture and should be evaluated instead of cholesterol fractions if the
      conditions for blood sampling were not controlled.

PMID- 6577579
TI  - Northern Surgical Association. Abstracts, third meeting of the Experimental
      Research Section. 24 & 25 September 1982, Oslo.

PMID- 6577580
TI  - Generation of procoagulant activity (PCA) by macrophage-like cells derived from
      acute and chronic myeloid leukaemia cells in response to phorbol esters.
AB  - Normal human monocytes and macrophages, as well as in vitro human leukaemic
      promyelocytic cell line (HL-60) transformed into macrophage-like cells by 12-0
      tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) generate potent procoagulant activity (PCA)
      similar to tissue thromboplastin. In the present study, only mild PCA was
      detected in primary cultures of cells from the peripheral blood of patients with
      acute lymphatic leukaemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and chronic
      myeloid leukaemia (CML). After exposure to TPA, AML and CML cells assumed
      characteristics specific to monocytes and macrophages. Differentiation was
      associated with the generation of PCA. PCA was not found in ALL cells exposed to
      TPA. The PCA of TPA-induced macrophages derived from AML and CML cells resembled
      tissue thromboplastin and normal monocyte and macrophage PCA in several aspects:
      (a) accelerated clotting via the extrinsic coagulation pathway, (b) inhibition by
      concanavalin A and protection against lectin inhibition by methyl-alpha-D
      mannopyranoside, (c) localization in the cell membrane. The capacity for PCA
      generation is additional evidence for the similarity between TPA-induced
      macrophages derived from AML and CML cells and normal human monocytes and
      macrophages.

PMID- 6577581
TI  - Urinary stone analysis methods, materials and value.

PMID- 6577582
TI  - Clinical aspects of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
AB  - Clinical aspects of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) were studied
      in the first fifty patients started on CAPD at our hospital. CAPD was found to
      achieve good control of the uremic symptoms and of the biochemical values
      studied. Hypertension became less pronounced. The costs were found to be low.
      Twenty-four diabetic subjects were studied in detail. Intraperitoneal
      administration of insulin resulted in good metabolic control of the diabetes. The
      two catheters used for peritoneal access were compared. Because of problems
      related to the removal of the Toronto Western Hospital catheter it was concluded
      that the Tenckhoff catheter was to be preferred. Peritonitis was found to be the
      worst complication. Coagulase negative staphylococci accounted for 57% of the
      cases. During the study an increasing percentage of infections were caused by
      bacteria with multiple resistance to antibiotics. Netilmicin, a new
      aminoglycoside, was evaluated for the treatment of CAPD-related peritonitis. 84%
      of the cases responded. One of the nineteen patients treated sustained reversible
      vestibular toxicity. No other side effects were noted. In two patients right
      sided hydrothorax was found to be a complication of peritoneal dialysis. In one
      case it was demonstrated that defects in the right diaphragm was the cause of the
      complication. In the other CAPD was continued despite the complication.

PMID- 6577583
TI  - The renal response to ureteral obstruction.
AB  - The renal pathophysiology during ureteral obstruction was investigated in rat
      experiments, especially designed to study the role of the tubuloglomerular
      feedback (TGF) control mechanism. This mechanism, operating by sensing the distal
      delivery of fluid to the macula densa site, regulates the glomerular capillary
      pressure (PGC) and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Interstitial pressure
      conditions are known to influence the sensitivity of this control mechanism.
      Micropuncture experiments were performed to investigate the TGF activity before,
      during and after release of 2 h unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and after
      24 h UUO and bilateral ureteral obstruction (BUO). Renal interstitial hydrostatic
      and oncotic pressure, proximal stop-flow pressure (PSF) and GFR were also
      determined. In other experiments, the effects of indomethacin on renal pelvic
      pressure and PGC, estimated from PSF, were studied during the initial
      vasodilatory phase of UUO. Cortical and regional medullary blood flow was
      measured using a combination of labelled microspheres and the 86-Rb extraction
      method. The present results indicate that the initial vasodilatation,
      demonstrated by an increased PGC and accompanied by an elevated renal pelvic
      pressure, was caused by prostaglandin release. These pressures could be reduced
      by injection of indomethacin. Blood flow measurements revealed that the initial
      vasodilatation seems to occur both in the cortex and in the medulla, but after a
      few hours progressive vasoconstriction took place in all regions of the kidney.
      Two hours of UUO caused increased interstitial hydrostatic and decreased oncotic
      pressure and the TGF response was abolished. This phenomenon participated in the
      vasodilatory process at this stage of UUO. After release of 2 h UUO, GFR was
      reduced, indicating vasoconstriction, probably caused by activation of the highly
      sensitized TGF control mechanism seen in this situation. At 24 h of UUO there was
      a normal hydrostatic and high oncotic pressure and high TGF sensitivity. These
      findings contrast to those at 24 h of BUO, with normal interstitial pressure
      conditions and a slight decrease in TGF sensitivity. These differences between
      animals with UUO and BUO might be of importance for the absence of post
      obstructive diuresis in UUO and the presence of this phenomenon in BUO animals.

PMID- 6577584
TI  - [Reduced dosage of cytosine arabinoside in the treatment of acute myelocytic
      leukemia. Apropos of 3 cases].
AB  - Two out of three patients with acute myeloid leukemia responded to treatment with
      small subcutaneous doses of cytosine-arabinoside alone. Although marked cytopenia
      may transiently occur this treatment has no other side effects and is simple to
      administer. It may therefore be useful for elderly patients. Morphological
      studies and indirect evidence suggest that this schedule, dosage and route of
      administration for cytosine-arabinoside may promote differentiation within the
      malignant clone rather than acting as a cytotoxic agent.

PMID- 6577585
TI  - [Immediate lateral side shift--laboratory experiments on the Panadent
      articulator].

PMID- 6577587
TI  - [Dental indications for hypnosis].

PMID- 6577586
TI  - [Distribution of bacteria in the coronal and apical portions of teeth with a
      necrotic pulp].

PMID- 6577588
TI  - [Effects and mode of action of the activator--clinical consequences].

PMID- 6577589
TI  - [Follow-up of mandibular framework prostheses at the Zurich Public Dental Clinic.
      Initial experiences with the Tryde-Brantenberg sublingual bar].

PMID- 6577590
TI  - [Clinical follow-up studies of class IV fillings using an adhesive technic].

PMID- 6577591
TI  - [Method of bleaching devitalized and discolored teeth: clinical results over 2
      years].

PMID- 6577592
TI  - [Method of measuring the flexibility of the mandibular dental arch in the
      transverse plane].

PMID- 6577593
TI  - [Functionally stable treatment of mandibular fractures: indication, approach,
      osteosynthesis method, complications].

PMID- 6577594
TI  - [What information on dental prophylaxis can students draw from human science
      texts and from advertising?].

PMID- 6577595
TI  - [Maxillary sinus diseases in dental practice].

PMID- 6577596
TI  - ["You are politely requested not to smoke here"].

PMID- 6577597
TI  - [Clinical innovations in preventive periodontology].

PMID- 6577598
TI  - [Dentifrices in periodontics: a review of the literature. II. Abrasion, dentin
      sensitivity, secondary effects].

PMID- 6577599
TI  - Clinicopathologic Conference. Sixty-one year old Caucasian man with rheumatoid
      arthritis and renal failure.

PMID- 6577600
TI  - The role of tracheostomy in acute laryngeal obstruction in children.

PMID- 6577601
TI  - Transition metals in human cancer. I. Oesophagus and bone marrow.

PMID- 6577602
TI  - Tumor-derived growth factor increases bone resorption in a tumor associated with
      humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy.
AB  - Evidence is presented that a tumor-derived transforming growth factor is
      responsible for stimulating bone resorption and causing hypercalcemia in an
      animal tumor model of the hypercalcemia of malignancy. Both conditioned medium
      harvested from cultured tumor cells and tumor extracts of the transplantable rat
      Leydig cell tumor associated with hypercalcemia contained a macromolecular bone
      resorbing factor with the chemical characteristics of a tumor-derived
      transforming growth factor.

PMID- 6577603
TI  - [Clinico-pathological studies on endodontic medicaments, with special reference
      to agents containing iodoform].

PMID- 6577604
TI  - [Oral findings in chronic renal disorders in children].

PMID- 6577605
TI  - [The thymus and autoimmune diseases. Understanding the human thymus].

PMID- 6577606
TI  - [Clinico-pathological studies of dental biomaterials in endodontic therapy, with
      special reference to the effect of calcined cementum fragments on exposed vital
      human pulp].

PMID- 6577607
TI  - [Clinico-pathological studies of dental biomaterials in endodontic therapy, with
      special reference to the biocompatibility of the hydroxyapatite on exposed vital
      human pulp].

PMID- 6577608
TI  - [Properties of sensory nerve fiber innervations and sensory nerve terminals of
      the sublingual and submandibular ducts of cats].

PMID- 6577609
TI  - [Morphological changes of the maxillo-facial structures in orthodontic
      treatment].

PMID- 6577610
TI  - [The influence of tellurium on experimental dental caries development in rats.
      Effect of sodium tellurite and glutathione combination on nutrition and
      experimental dental caries development].

PMID- 6577611
TI  - Adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma at the Singapore General Hospital.

PMID- 6577612
TI  - Sarcomatous degeneration of Paget disease in the skull.
AB  - Two cases of Paget disease complicated by sarcomatous degeneration in the skull
      are presented. The bony disarray of underlying Paget disease of the skull may
      mask the cortical destruction produced by a developing sarcoma. The role of
      computerized tomography in the early detection of malignant change is stressed.

PMID- 6577613
TI  - [Prostaglandins F2 alpha and E in patients with bronchial asthma].

PMID- 6577614
TI  - [Diagnosis of oral diseases. 6].

PMID- 6577615
TI  - [Alveolar bone reaction caused by orthodontic stinulus].

PMID- 6577616
TI  - [Changes in the alveolar bone in the periapical region].

PMID- 6577617
TI  - [Resorption and regeneration of the alveolar bone in periodontal disease].

PMID- 6577618
TI  - [Dental caries and palatinose, a structural isomer of sucrose].

PMID- 6577619
TI  - [Oral hygiene as part of basic dental education].

PMID- 6577620
TI  - [Bite plane. II. Methods].

PMID- 6577621
TI  - [Traumatic root fractures--2 case reports of midroot fracture].

PMID- 6577622
TI  - [The effect of acupuncture therapy on temporomandibular joint arthrosis].

PMID- 6577623
TI  - [Basic problems of medicine today].

PMID- 6577624
TI  - [Forensic dentistry. 4].

PMID- 6577625
TI  - [Use of fenbufen in dental and oral surgery].

PMID- 6577626
TI  - [Clinical use of flurbiprofen in pedodontics].

PMID- 6577627
TI  - [A socio-etiologic study of 432 Danish mandibular fractures].

PMID- 6577628
TI  - [Instruction in preventive activities in adult dental care].

PMID- 6577629
TI  - [Clinical procedures for the downward guidance of the canine teeth in the upper
      jaw].

PMID- 6577630
TI  - [Chronologic age determination using an assessment of bone maturity].

PMID- 6577631
TI  - [Lockjaw after local anesthesia].

PMID- 6577632
TI  - [Muscle pain and bite function].

PMID- 6577633
TI  - [A new list from the Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials-testing].

PMID- 6577634
TI  - [Directions in professional growth in the coming 10-15 years].

PMID- 6577635
TI  - [Community use of dental health services. 1. Community development].

PMID- 6577636
TI  - [New and simpler rules for use of mercury and nitrous oxide equipment].

PMID- 6577637
TI  - [The use of electronic data processing in managing an orthodontic practice].

PMID- 6577638
TI  - [Can electronic data processing solve your administrative problems?].

PMID- 6577639
TI  - [Unexplained radiological findings after root canal filling of the incisor].

PMID- 6577640
TI  - [Community use of dental care services. 2. Growth in the number of dentists].

PMID- 6577641
TI  - [Radiologic changes due to renal osteodystrophy in the presentation of a case
      report].

PMID- 6577642
TI  - [2 cases of persisting bilateral nasopalatine ducts].

PMID- 6577643
TI  - [Community use of dental care services. 3. Development of the potential patient
      population].

PMID- 6577645
TI  - [Cervicofacial emphysema].

PMID- 6577644
TI  - [Cariology].

PMID- 6577646
TI  - [Governing factors and the regional distribution of dentists].

PMID- 6577647
TI  - [Oral physiology].

PMID- 6577648
TI  - [The future of dental care. A precis for planning, equipment and organization].

PMID- 6577649
TI  - [A constant-potential generator--implementation using a high-frequency technic].

PMID- 6577650
TI  - [The initial frequency of pacifier and fingersucking habits].

PMID- 6577652
TI  - [Dental health program for treatment of oral galvanism].

PMID- 6577651
TI  - [Release, turnover and distribution of cobalt].

PMID- 6577653
TI  - [Simplified periodontal treatment - a treatment model].

PMID- 6577654
TI  - [Image distortion in rotational panoramic radiography].

PMID- 6577655
TI  - [Dental health and dental care habits in a group of Turkish immigrant children].

PMID- 6577656
TI  - [Filmholders for intraoral radiography].

PMID- 6577657
TI  - [Bite splint the only apparent treatment].

PMID- 6577658
TI  - [Pulp pain in theory and practice].

PMID- 6577659
TI  - [Periodontal epidemiology on the clinical level].

PMID- 6577660
TI  - [Dental technology].

PMID- 6577661
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of denture stomatitis].

PMID- 6577662
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint arthrography].

PMID- 6577664
TI  - [Oral screen activator. A modified Andresen activator].

PMID- 6577663
TI  - [Local anesthesia for children--complications and soft tissue duration].

PMID- 6577665
TI  - [Relation between different types of malocclusion and mandibular dysfunction].

PMID- 6577666
TI  - [Dental health insurance. Report for the trial period 1981].

PMID- 6577667
TI  - [The dentist in the 1990's].

PMID- 6577668
TI  - [Popular concepts of toothache and dental care].

PMID- 6577669
TI  - [Nicaragua: a song for toothbrushing].

PMID- 6577670
TI  - [Dentists in Nicaragua].

PMID- 6577671
TI  - [Tanzania: 1 dentist for 530,000 people].

PMID- 6577672
TI  - [Mozambique: reduction of decay - a goal for dental care].

PMID- 6577673
TI  - [Central Africa: dental care personnel needs in foreign countries].

PMID- 6577674
TI  - [Sierra Leone: a newly formed dental society - 19 members].

PMID- 6577675
TI  - [Sri Lanka: prevention priorities].

PMID- 6577676
TI  - [Thailand: 5 dental schools - 200 new dentists each year].

PMID- 6577677
TI  - [Psychological consultation for children in a special clinic for dental
      management].

PMID- 6577678
TI  - [Complete maxillary repositioning].

PMID- 6577679
TI  - [Dietary formulas for adults].

PMID- 6577680
TI  - [The need for specialists in orthodontics].

PMID- 6577681
TI  - [Spri recommendations for dental offices].

PMID- 6577682
TI  - [The hospital dental technician].

PMID- 6577683
TI  - [A new precision attachment from Whaledent Proveromo 3.4].

PMID- 6577684
TI  - [Camouflaging facial defects--a job for the hospital dental technician].

PMID- 6577685
TI  - [Changes in dental care].

PMID- 6577686
TI  - A hands-off way to get a grip on your accounts receivable.

PMID- 6577687
TI  - Dentists in uniform. The Army Dental Corps.

PMID- 6577688
TI  - "30" is not too old--second careers turn to dentistry.

PMID- 6577689
TI  - "Professional management has risen . . . nearly everyone works in new modern
      clinics".

PMID- 6577690
TI  - Why the Army?

PMID- 6577691
TI  - Are you a perfectionist?

PMID- 6577693
TI  - [The ten years' use of electronic data processing in dental practice].

PMID- 6577692
TI  - [Intraligamental anesthesia with Ligmaject].

PMID- 6577694
TI  - Transfer of anti-HLA-DR antibodies from the mother to the child. Are DR antigens
      expressed on the placenta?
AB  - Materno-foetal transfer of anti-HLA-DR antibodies was studied in 7 women. In 6
      cases, the antibody was induced by the current pregnancy and in one case, it was
      a residual antibody from a previous pregnancy. When the maternal antibody was
      induced by the current pregnancy, no anti-DR antibody was detected in the child.
      When the antibody was residual, it was weakly present in the child. A comparison
      was made between the materno-foetal transfer of anti-HLA-A,B,C antibodies and
      that of anti-DR antibodies. Anti-HLA-DR antibody placental absorption suggested
      that the corresponding antigens were expressed on certain placenta cells.

PMID- 6577695
TI  - HLA and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in North American Caucasoids.
AB  - In Chinese, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been associated with HLA alleles.
      Twenty-four Caucasoids with NPC were HLA typed (24 AB, 16 DR). No associations
      were found in comparisons with normal healthy controls.

PMID- 6577696
TI  - HLA-A, B and HLA-DR phenotypes in Mainland Chinese patients with diabetes
      mellitus.
AB  - HLA-A, B and DR antigens were studied in Mainland Chinese diabetes mellitus
      patients and controls (31 Type I DM, 50 Type II DM, 105 controls). HLA-DR3 and
      HLA-A9 were increased in Type I diabetics only. An increase in HLA-DR4 was noted
      in Type I diabetics, but the increase was not statistically significant in this
      small series.

PMID- 6577697
TI  - [Critical approach to technics for the disinfection of respirators with
      formaldehyde].
AB  - Method of artificial respirators desinfection by Formaldehyde is studied.
      Formaldehyde and ammoniac quantitative analysis are performed. Air samples are
      taken by dry process and by wet process. Two concentrations are in ceiling values
      for exposure of workers and exceed irritant concentrations during chronic
      exposition. Particular attention should be paid to perform measurement: air
      samples must be taken by wet process as artificial ventilation circumstances:
      indeed in this case air is humidified; potential toxicity is unappreciated in
      this use. Complementary studies are required.

PMID- 6577698
TI  - Selective action of prostaglandin F2 alpha during paraquat-induced pulmonary
      edema in the perfused lung.
AB  - Lung prostaglandins (PGs) play a key role in normal pulmonary vascular
      regulation. We investigated PG metabolism during edema formation following
      paraquat-induced damage with an isolated perfused rat lung preparation. Lungs
      perfused with paraquat (PQ), 1 X 10(-7) M to 1 X 10(-2) M, showed significant
      increases in PGF2 alpha prior to detectable functional and pathological changes
      (increases in airway resistance, vascular resistance, and edema). No changes in
      PGE were observed. PGF2 alpha in perfused lungs showed a dose-related response
      following PQ exposure (up to 300% increase over control values). Lungs perfused
      with PQ and ventilated with high oxygen (95% O2-5% CO2) instead of air-5% CO2
      showed a dramatic potentiation in the selective increase of PGF2 alpha, with
      levels reaching over 1 ng/ml (a 2600% increase over control values). The addition
      of exogenous PGF2 alpha to the perfusate without PQ initiated edema in a dose
      related fashion, indicating the potential of PGF2 alpha as a causative agent in
      lung edema formation from PQ injury. The addition of ibuprofen (a nonsteroidal
      anti-inflammatory agent) to the perfusion medium blocked endogenous release of
      PGF2 alpha in lungs linked to oxidant-induced edema. These data show that in the
      perfused lung: (1) PQ caused a selective increase of PGF2 alpha; (2) this
      selective increase occurred prior to the onset of edema; (3) exogenous PGF2 alpha
      alone induced pulmonary edema; and (4) ibuprofen, in doses which blocked PGF2
      alpha, also prevented edema formation.

PMID- 6577700
TI  - Community dentistry - the first year course.

PMID- 6577699
TI  - Enzyme histo-cytochemical studies in human fetal adrenal glands.
AB  - Enzyme histo-cytochemical staining including alkaline phosphatase, acid
      phosphatase and 3 beta ol dehydrogenase in human fetal adrenal glands (13 to 20
      week fetuses) was studied. Enzyme histo-chemical activity of alkaline phosphatase
      was mainly observed in cell membranes of the fetal cortex. The permanent cortex
      showed weak or negative activity. Histochemical staining of acid phosphatase was
      mostly observed in the cytoplasm as large globular structures near the nucleus in
      the fetal cortex, and intracellular localization of acid phosphatase by electron
      microscopic enzyme cytochemistry was mainly observed in lysosomes including dense
      bodies of the fetal cortex. The permanent cortex was only slightly stained for
      acid phosphatase. The activity of 3 beta ol dehydrogenase was predominantly
      observed in the cytoplasm of the fetal cortex in the 20 week fetus. Based on
      these findings, the significance of these enzymes in the fetal cortex is
      discussed.

PMID- 6577701
TI  - [Morphological changes in the nerve elements in fractures of the maxilla and
      zygomatic arch].

PMID- 6577702
TI  - [Radioisotope study of the quality of crown attachment in vitro].

PMID- 6577703
TI  - [Chromatographic-mass spectrometric method in the diagnosis of dental diseases].

PMID- 6577704
TI  - [Evaluation of the abrasiveness of oral hygiene agents by the change in dental
      enamel roughness].

PMID- 6577705
TI  - [Method for the mechanical and mathematical study of the forces and stresses in
      the mandible under physiological loading].

PMID- 6577706
TI  - [Deformations of a complete upper denture studied using holographic
      interferometry].

PMID- 6577707
TI  - [Thermophysical properties of the hard dental tissues and the calculation of
      dental enamel fusion by laser radiation regimens].

PMID- 6577708
TI  - [Cryotherapy in chronic diseases of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6577709
TI  - [Attention status of patients with a pain syndrome in pulpitis and
      periodontitis].

PMID- 6577710
TI  - [Important tasks in increasing the effectiveness of dental care for the
      population].

PMID- 6577711
TI  - [Objective evaluation of the intensity of pain sensations by an evoked potentials
      method].

PMID- 6577713
TI  - [Clinical x-ray characteristics of the maxillofacial deformities following
      radiation treatment of hemangiomas].

PMID- 6577712
TI  - [Surgical treatment of periapical inflammatory processes and cysts].

PMID- 6577714
TI  - [Characteristics of the regional metastasis of malignant tumors of the oral
      cavity].

PMID- 6577715
TI  - [Diagnosis of malignant tumors of the maxillofacial area using thermography].

PMID- 6577717
TI  - [Analysis of the surgical results in malignant tumors of the oropharynx].

PMID- 6577716
TI  - [Changes in blood coagulability indices in hypertension patients during minor
      oral surgery].

PMID- 6577718
TI  - [Effect of short-term anesthesia in dental interventions on the hemodynamic
      indices of patients with circulatory disorders].

PMID- 6577719
TI  - [Immediate and late results of orthodontic treatment for pathological tooth
      abrasion].

PMID- 6577720
TI  - [Determination of the tooth mobility index in the orthodontic treatment of
      periodontosis].

PMID- 6577721
TI  - [Device for teleroentgenography of the head].

PMID- 6577722
TI  - [Structure of the base of the skull in different types of bite based on
      teleroentgenographic data].

PMID- 6577723
TI  - [Cellular and humoral immunity in children with congenital cleft palate].

PMID- 6577724
TI  - [General anesthesia with ketamine in children operated on for congenital clefts
      of the upper lip and palate].

PMID- 6577725
TI  - [Experience with preventing dental caries among the polar research workers of an
      Antarctic expedition].

PMID- 6577726
TI  - [Immediate and late results of treating periodontosis at Belokurikha health
      resort].

PMID- 6577727
TI  - [Late results of the combined treatment of periodontal diseases including root
      extraction of multirooted teeth].

PMID- 6577728
TI  - [Experience with the combined treatment of chronic apical periodontitis of
      multirooted teeth].

PMID- 6577729
TI  - [Attachment for photography of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6577730
TI  - [Suppurative mediastinitis in a patient with a mandibular fracture].

PMID- 6577731
TI  - [Rare case of dystopia of the 3d lower molar].

PMID- 6577732
TI  - [Is there an increase in radiation exposure to the population due to diagnostic
      dental radiography? 2: Present status and trend analysis of the orthodontic care
      at the Clinic and Polyclinic of Dentistry of the Martin Luther University of
      Halle-Wittenberg].

PMID- 6577733
TI  - [Statistical material concerning the question of individual motivation toward
      healthy conservation of the teeth].

PMID- 6577734
TI  - [Modified oral hygiene kit].

PMID- 6577735
TI  - [Initial caries therapy with amalgam].

PMID- 6577736
TI  - [On the introduction of the new reporting system and care and appointment records
      ambulatory dentistry].

PMID- 6577737
TI  - [The efficiency of the Society of Dentistry in the German Democratic Republic in
      integrating health policy measures with the overall policy of the 4-5 sessions of
      the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party].

PMID- 6577738
TI  - [The choice of the time of extraction in odontogenic inflammatory processes - the
      question of extraction in the acute stage].

PMID- 6577739
TI  - [Periodontal condition as related to tooth-position and occlusal anomalies as
      well as caries incidence and oral hygiene status in patients with cleft lip and
      cleft palate].

PMID- 6577740
TI  - [Diagnostic possibilities of orthodontic model analysis using 3-dimensional point
      coordinates].

PMID- 6577741
TI  - [Craniofacial growth pattern and orthodontic treatment results].

PMID- 6577742
TI  - [Sagittal and vertical changes in mandibular retrognathism. A teleradiological
      longitudinal study of patients with functional regulators compared to a control
      group].

PMID- 6577743
TI  - [The architecture of the facial skeleton in distocclusion and its changes after
      treatment with the functional regulator].

PMID- 6577744
TI  - [Current perspectives in vaccine preparation].

PMID- 6577745
TI  - The use of prostaglandins for regulation of the estrous cycle and as an
      abortifacient in cattle.

PMID- 6577746
TI  - Isolation, characterization, and physical mapping of temperature-sensitive
      mutants of vaccinia virus.
AB  - Thirty-nine new temperature-sensitive mutants of vaccinia virus have been
      isolated, expanding a previously reported collection of mutants (R. C. Condit and
      A. Motyczka, Virology 113, 224-241, 1981) to a total of 65. The 65 mutants have
      been assigned to 32 complementation groups, based primarily on a qualitative spot
      test described previously (Condit and Motyczka, 1981). Representatives of each
      complementation group have been assayed for DNA and protein synthesis at the
      nonpermissive temperature, revealing one new DNA-negative complementation group,
      three new groups which contain mutants defective in late protein synthesis, and
      ten new groups containing mutants which synthesize DNA and protein in a normal
      fashion. Marker rescue has been achieved with 29 of the 65 mutants using cloned
      DNA fragments from wild-type virus. These 29 mutants together represent 20 of the
      32 complementation groups. A preliminary physical map of the mutants is
      presented.

PMID- 6577747
TI  - Surgical treatment of the subclavian 'steal' syndrome.

PMID- 6577748
TI  - On becoming involved.

PMID- 6577749
TI  - Value and limitations of the noninvasive laboratory: experience with over 5,000
      patients.

PMID- 6577750
TI  - Tuberculosis after jejunoileal bypass surgery.

PMID- 6577751
TI  - Treatment of traumatic dental injuries by nondental personnel.

PMID- 6577752
TI  - [A pilot study of the etiological factors of malocclusion in schoolchildren with
      respect to residence types in Slovenia SR].

PMID- 6577753
TI  - [Treatment of fractures of the lower jaw with stabilizing osteosynthesis].

PMID- 6577754
TI  - [Radiography and dentistry].

PMID- 6577755
TI  - [Periodontosis or juvenile periodontitis].

PMID- 6577756
TI  - [Use of parapulpal pins for the reconstruction of teeth].

PMID- 6577757
TI  - [Transdental compression screws for the stabilization of root fractures].

PMID- 6577758
TI  - [Experiences in the care of patients with complete dentures].

PMID- 6577759
TI  - [Importance, construction, contents and application of operational schemes in
      dental technical laboratories].

PMID- 6577760
TI  - [After-care in the therapy of Eichner-groups B1-C1 (removable partial dentures)].

PMID- 6577761
TI  - [Importance, construction, contents, and application of operational schemes in
      dental technical laboratories].

PMID- 6577762
TI  - [Defective manufacturing of silver-palladium alloys and its impact on mechanical
      properties and oral stability].

PMID- 6577763
TI  - [Possibilities of prostaglandin administration for induction of labor].
AB  - Different methods of induction of labour by intravenous, oral, intramuscular or
      local application of prostaglandin are described. Initial dose and dosis schedule
      are shown in tables. Advantages and disadvantages of possible mode and
      localization of application are discussed. Very good results are shown for a new
      pericervical medication of a PGE2-soluble fixed on the unfavourable cervix uteri
      by a portio adapter.

PMID- 6577764
TI  - [Pseudomalignant ossifying myositis].

PMID- 6577765
TI  - [A simple method for chromosomal preparations from individual hemopoietic
      colonies].

PMID- 6577766
TI  - [Case of juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia (J-CML): characterization of the
      erythropoietic precursors (BFU-E) in J-CML by the analysis of G gamma and A gamma
      globin chains].

PMID- 6577767
TI  - [Establishment of a novel cultured cell line, P31/Fujioka, of monocytoid nature].

PMID- 6577768
TI  - [Activity of fibrin stabilizing factor (FSF; factor XIII) in lymphoproliferative
      disorders].

PMID- 6577769
TI  - [Hematological, clinical and cytochemical analysis of 200 cases of acute leukemia
      in adults classified according to the FAB group].

PMID- 6577771
TI  - The Scandinavian Society of Anaesthesiologists: 17th congress, June 28.-July 2.
      1983, Tampere, Finland. Abstracts.

PMID- 6577770
TI  - [Long-term survival of adult patients with acute leukemia].

PMID- 6577772
TI  - Serum ferritin level in infants and children with anaemia and malignant disease.
AB  - Serum ferritin was determined by immunoradiometry in children aged 6 months to 3
      years, immediately before leaving hospital where they had been treated for
      various acute, non-haematological diseases. A low value was found in 13% of them.
      Serum ferritin concentration is a sensitive method in differentiating between
      iron deficiency and infectious anaemia. A significantly higher mean value was
      found in children affected by malignant disease (acute lymphoid or myeloid
      leukaemia, various solid tumours).

PMID- 6577773
TI  - Symposium. Water and electrolyte balance in newborn infants.

PMID- 6577774
TI  - Water requirement of premature newborn infants.
AB  - Two groups of studies related to the water requirement of premature infants are
      reviewed. The first examined the effects of several environmental factors on
      insensible water loss (IWL) and oxygen consumption of 20 low-birth-weight
      infants. Incubator air temperature above the neutral zone increased IWL, as did
      the use of a radiant heat source instead of a conventional incubator. A plastic
      heat shield slightly reduced IWL of infants in incubators. The second group of
      studies examined the effects of excess water intake in premature infants. 170
      infants were randomly assigned to receive "low" (average estimated requirement
      for birth weight and age) or "high" (excess) volume water intake. The high-volume
      group became dehydrated less often but had a greater incidence of patient ductus
      arteriosus and necrotizing enterocolitis.

PMID- 6577775
TI  - Transepidermal water loss in full-term and pre-term infants.
AB  - The amount of water lost from the skin and the relation of the water loss to
      environmental factors, activity, body temperature, gestational age, nutritional
      status at birth and post-natal age were studied in full-term and pre-term newborn
      infants. The method we used was non-invasive and based on determination of the
      water vapour pressure gradient immediately above the skin surface. We found that
      the transepidermal water loss per unit time and area (TEWL; g/m2 h) could be
      calculated by using values from only three measurement sites. TEWL increased with
      activity and when body temperature was elevated above 37.1 degrees C. On the
      first day after birth TEWL in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants was
      exponentially related to gestational age, with much higher values in the most pre
      term infants than in full-term infants. In full-term small for gestational age
      (SGA) infants TEWL was significantly lower than in full-term AGA infants. In pre
      term and full-term AGA infants and in full-term SGA infants we found an inverse
      linear relationship between ambient humidity and evaporation rate (ER; g/m2 h)
      from the skin. The level of ER and the slope of the relationship depended on the
      gestational age of the infant, with higher ER in the more pre-term infants.
      Analysis of the relationship between ambient humidity and ER indicated that there
      is a gradual change in the permeability of the skin with gestational age. In pre
      term infants TEWL gradually decreased during the first weeks of life. In full
      term AGA infants TEWL was almost unchanged during these first weeks.

PMID- 6577776
TI  - Water evaporation and heat exchange with the environment in newborn infants.
AB  - The amount of water evaporated from the skin of newborn infants and the
      temperatures of the skin, the ambient air and the surfaces facing the infants
      were measured and used to calculate the evaporative, radiative and convective
      heat exchange between the infant and the environment in infants of varying
      gestational ages. Immediately after birth the evaporative heat exchange was very
      high but it then decreased gradually. The radiative heat exchange was very high
      in the delivery room but lower in the incubators. In incubators the evaporative
      heat exchange was high in the most pre-term infants, especially when nursed at a
      low ambient humidity. Different modes of heat exchange were interrelated, so that
      when the pre-term infants had a high evaporation rate, a high ambient temperature
      was needed and the heat exchange through radiation and convection decreased. Net
      heat exchange was lowest in very pre-term infants at an ambient humidity of 60%.

PMID- 6577777
TI  - Dynamics of glomerular ultrafiltration in the neonate kidney.
AB  - In the neonate kidney the glomerular filtration rate is generally depressed both
      in absolute terms and when calculated per gram kidney weight. Micropuncture
      studies have revealed that this phenomenon is due, not to changes in the driving
      pressures or the hydraulic conductivity of the glomerular capillary membrane, but
      to a retarded glomerular blood flow. A retarded flow will thus mean a steep rise
      in the protein concentration in parallel to the filtration of the protein-free
      filtrate. The corresponding steep rise of the colloid osmotic pressure will then
      induce cessation of the filtration in the distal parts of the glomerular
      capillary. In dehydrated states this phenomenon will be even more aggravated. An
      extracellular volume expansion with saline induces relaxation of the two
      arterioles with subsequent rise in the glomerular blood flow. The rise in the
      colloid osmotic pressure along the capillary is then less and the filtration can
      proceed along the whole of the glomerulus. Accordingly the glomerular filtration
      rate will be increased, reaching figures typical of the mature kidney.

PMID- 6577778
TI  - Colloid osmotic pressure of cord blood in relation to neonatal outcome and mode
      of delivery.
AB  - Colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of umbilical cord blood was measured in 184
      infants, 113 of whom were delivered vaginally and 71 by Caesarean section, 152
      were born at term and 32 were preterm (gestational age less than 37 weeks).
      Thirteen infants developed RDS, 20 had transient tachypnoea (TT) and 13 had
      perinatal asphyxia. There was a significant linear correlation between COP and
      total protein in cord blood (r = 0.91). Such a correlation was also found between
      COP of cord blood and gestational age in the non-RDS group (r = 0.49). COP was
      higher (19.6 mmHg) in the infants delivered vaginally than in those delivered by
      Caesarean section (16.8 mmHg, p less than 0.001). In the RDS group COP was 13.2
      mmHg, in the TT group 15.6 mmHg and in the asphyctic group 16.9 mmHg (normal 18.3
      mmHg). COP appeared to be of diagnostic assistance in babies developing neonatal
      pulmonary maladaptation syndromes.

PMID- 6577779
TI  - Edema formation in the lungs and its relationship to neonatal respiratory
      distress.
AB  - Pulmonary edema is an important feature of many newborn lung diseases, including
      respiratory distress from severe perinatal asphyxia, heart failure, hyaline
      membrane disease, pneumonitis from group B beta-hemolytic streptococcus, and
      chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia). Neonatal pulmonary edema often
      results from increased filtration pressure in the microcirculation of the lungs.
      This occurs during sustained hypoxia, in left ventricular failure associated with
      congenital heart disease or myocardial dysfunction, following excessive
      intravascular infusions of blood, colloid, fat, or electrolyte solution, and in
      conditions that increase pulmonary blood flow. Low intravascular protein osmotic
      pressure from hypoproteinemia may predispose infants to pulmonary edema.
      Hypoproteinemia is common in infants who are born prematurely. Large
      intravascular infusions of protein-free fluid further decrease the concentration
      of protein in plasma and thereby facilitate edema formation. Lymphatic
      obstruction by air (pulmonary interstitial emphysema) or fibrosis (long-standing
      lung disease) also may contribute to the development of edema. Bacteremia,
      endotoxemia, and prolonged oxygen breathing injure the pulmonary microvascular
      endothelium and cause protein-rich fluid to accumulate in the lungs. The risk of
      neonatal pulmonary edema can be reduced by several therapeutic measures designed
      to lessen filtration pressure, increase plasma protein osmotic pressure, and
      prevent or reduce the severity of lung injury.

PMID- 6577780
TI  - Characterization of the function of mammalian folylpolyglutamate synthetase
      (FPGS).
AB  - The function and characteristics of mouse folylpolyglutamate synthetase have been
      examined. Folate polyglutamates were poor substrates for the efflux mechanism for
      monoglutamates in L1210 mouse leukemia cells, with negligible loss of preformed
      folate polyglutamates to the medium over four hours. Disruption of folate
      metabolism with methotrexate did not augment efflux of folate polyglutamates.
      Folylpolyglutamate synthetase, partially purified from mouse liver, was found to
      accept a variety of folate derivatives as substrates, including pteroic acid and
      methotrexate; however, the concentration of these substrates that saturated the
      reaction varied considerably. The enzyme that catalyzed the addition of glutamic
      acid to methotrexate and to the naturally-occurring folate monoglutamates
      appeared to be the same. The cytotoxicity of folylpolyglutamate synthetase
      inhibitors was predicted to require continued cell division since their effects
      would be based upon a decreased rate of synthesis of folate cofactors capable of
      retention by the cell membrane. Hence folylpolyglutamate synthetase inhibitors
      should have low toxicity to nonproliferative cell populations.

PMID- 6577781
TI  - Influence of clofibrate, bile-sequestering agents and probucol on high-density
      lipoprotein levels.
AB  - The management of lipid disorders has been greatly improved by advances in our
      understanding of lipoprotein metabolism. New developments in the isolation and
      quantitation of the lipoprotein apoproteins have shed light on their essential
      role in normal and abnormal lipid transport and have helped clarify the mode of
      action of lipid-lowering drugs. Excess lipid levels can occur because of
      overproduction, faulty degradation or defective removal of 1 or more
      lipoproteins. Clofibrate appears to decrease levels of very low density
      lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL) by enhancing
      their intravascular degradation. Although it often slightly decreases low-density
      lipoprotein (LDL) levels, it may markedly increase LDL levels in patients with
      initially high VLDL levels. Its effects on high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are
      small, often increasing HDL slightly. Bile acid sequestrants act by enhancing the
      rate of removal of LDL. Their effects on VLDL and IDL are slight. In some
      subjects there is a moderate increase in both VLDL and IDL levels. HDL
      concentrations are increased minimally. Probucol's mechanism of action is still
      unclear, but it appears to enhance LDL removal. Its effects on VLDL and IDL are
      minimal. Of concern is the repeated observation that probucol reduces HDL
      concentrations by decreasing HDL synthesis. The resultant reduction in HDL
      concentrations often rivals its effect in decreasing LDL levels. Knowledge of the
      selective effect of lipid-lowering drugs on specific lipoprotein fractions is
      essential for their proper therapeutic selection.

PMID- 6577783
TI  - High-density lipoproteins: epidemiologic profile and risks of coronary artery
      disease.

PMID- 6577782
TI  - Influence of gemfibrozil on high-density lipoproteins.
AB  - In animal studies, gemfibrozil markedly elevates high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
      cholesterol levels. In humans with primary hyperlipoproteinemia and lipoprotein
      phenotypes IIA, IIB and IV, gemfibrozil, 1,200 mg/day, was associated with a 25%,
      20% and 17% increase in HDL cholesterol, respectively. Gemfibrozil also
      substantially increased the ratio of HDL to total cholesterol, reflecting both an
      increase in HDL cholesterol and a decrease in very low density lipoprotein
      cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Compared with a placebo in
      subjects with types IIA, IIB and IV lipoprotein phenotypes, therapy with
      gemfibrozil led to an increase of 33%, 34% and 23%, respectively, in the ratio of
      HDL cholesterol to total cholesterol. With gemfibrozil therapy, about 80% of
      subjects with hypertriglyceridemia had a reduction in triglycerides of 35% or a
      return to normal levels; 50% of subjects with hypercholesterolemia had a
      cholesterol reduction of 20% or a return to normal levels.

PMID- 6577785
TI  - Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase: another organ-specific alkaline phosphatase.
AB  - We have used enzyme specific inhibitors and heat inactivation to distinguish
      Leukocyte alkaline phosphate (LAP) from other organ-specific alkaline
      phosphatases as well as to compare LAP from normal granulocytes and leukemic
      cells with elevated LAP. The heat inactivation and inhibition curves of LAP are
      quite different from those of other organ-specific alkaline phosphatases. The
      inhibition curves and heat inactivation characteristics of LAP from normal
      granulocytes and that obtained from chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) blast
      phase cells with elevated LAP are identical. These data suggest that LAP is
      distinct from other organ-specific alkaline phosphatases, particularly placental
      alkaline phosphatase. We also conclude that the LAP present in cells with
      elevated levels is very similar or identical to that of normal granulocytes.

PMID- 6577784
TI  - Phase II trial of 4'epi-adriamycin for advanced hypernephroma.
AB  - 4'Epi-adriamycin in doses of 85-110 mg/m2 I.V. Q3W was given to 20 patients with
      advanced bidimensionally measurable hypernephroma. Forty-five doses were
      administered, with 10 patients receiving 3-7 doses. Myelosuppression (WBC nadir
      2600 cells/mm3, range 1000-3400) occurred in 63% and thrombocytopenia in 16% of
      cases. There was no objective response in 19 adequately treated cases.

PMID- 6577786
TI  - The probability of exclusion based on the HLA locus.

PMID- 6577787
TI  - Human lymphocyte polymorphisms detected by quantitative two-dimensional
      electrophoresis.
AB  - A survey of 186 soluble lymphocyte proteins for genetic polymorphism was carried
      out utilizing two-dimensional electrophoresis of 14C-labeled phytohemagglutinin
      (PHA)-stimulated human lymphocyte proteins. Nineteen of these proteins exhibited
      positional variation consistent with independent genetic polymorphism in a
      primary sample of 28 individuals. Each of these polymorphisms was characterized
      by quantitative gene-dosage dependence insofar as the heterozygous phenotype
      expressed approximately 50% of each allelic gene product as was seen in
      homozygotes. Patterns observed were also identical in monozygotic twins,
      replicate samples, and replicate gels. The three expected phenotypes (two
      homozygotes and a heterozygote) were observed in each of 10 of these
      polymorphisms while the remaining nine had one of the homozygous classes absent.
      The presence of the three phenotypes, the demonstration of gene-dosage
      dependence, and our own and previous pedigree analysis of certain of these
      polymorphisms supports the genetic basis of these variants. Based on this data,
      the frequency of polymorphic loci for man is: P = 19/186 = .102, and the average
      heterozygosity is .024. This estimate is approximately 1/3 to 1/2 the rate of
      polymorphism previously estimated for man in other studies using one-dimensional
      electrophoresis of isozyme loci. The newly described polymorphisms and others
      which should be detectable in larger protein surveys with two-dimensional
      electrophoresis hold promise as genetic markers of the human genome for use in
      gene mapping and pedigree analyses.

PMID- 6577788
TI  - Shared HLA antigens and reproductive performance among Hutterites.
AB  - Shared histocompatibility antigens between spouses may affect reproductive
      outcome adversely as a result of prenatal selection against compatible fetuses.
      Evidence from both animal and human studies suggest that histocompatible fetuses
      may not initiate a maternal immunologic response that prevents rejection of the
      embryo. Therefore, parents sharing HLA antigens may produce compatible fetuses
      and consequently experience a greater frequency of early fetal losses and show
      poorer reproductive outcome than couples not sharing antigens. In the Hutterites,
      an inbred human isolate that proscribes contraception, we tested the hypothesis
      that couples sharing HLA antigens have poorer reproductive outcomes than couples
      who do not. The Hutterites are characterized by high fertility and large family
      sizes. Couples that share zero (no. = 21), one (no. = 15), and more than one (no.
      = 10) HLA-A or HLA-B antigens were compared for reproductive performance. Median
      intervals between births were larger among couples that share more than one
      antigen in eight of 11 intervals examined. In addition, the median intervals from
      marriage to first, fifth, and tenth birth were consistently larger among couples
      that share more than one antigen. Differences among the groups appear to become
      larger with increasing parity, suggesting that the effect of histocompatibility
      on reproductive performance becomes more evident in later pregnancies. These
      differences in reproductive performance between couples that share zero, one, or
      more than one HLA-A or HLA-B antigens may have significant evolutionary
      consequences. However, our results demonstrate that sharing HLA antigens does not
      preclude normal pregnancy and caution should be exercised before concluding that
      shared HLA antigens are solely responsible for repeated fetal losses.

PMID- 6577789
TI  - Precedents for meaningful recovery during treatment in a medical intensive care
      unit. Outcome in patients with hematologic malignancy.
AB  - The medical records of 77 patients with hematologic malignancy who were admitted
      to a medical intensive care unit over a 21-month period were reviewed. The
      overall hospital mortality rate was 80 percent. Sixteen patients (21 percent)
      were discharged from the intensive care unit but eventually died in the hospital.
      The cause of death was the result of a new problem in only three of these 16
      patients. Hypotension (shock) and acute respiratory failure were the reasons
      prompting admission to the intensive care unit in 75 percent, but death in the
      intensive care unit was almost always the result of intractable hypotension
      rather than refractory hypoxemia. Only four of 52 patients who required
      mechanical ventilation left the hospital. In all four, the duration of
      ventilatory support was less than five days and the cause of respiratory failure
      was noninfectious in nature. Factors such as congestive heart failure,
      leukopenia, and abnormalities in mental status modified the hospital course, but
      did not alter outcome once prolonged mechanical ventilation became necessary. The
      data suggest that once acute respiratory failure develops in patients with
      lymphoma or leukemia, presumably as a result of infection, and mechanical
      ventilation for more than a relatively brief period is required, the prognosis is
      uniformly grim. Decisions to limit aggressive therapies is subsets of intensive
      care patients such as these should be aided by data that show a lack of precedent
      for meaningful recovery.

PMID- 6577790
TI  - The effect of extraction and orthodontic treatment on dentoalveolar support.
AB  - Full-mouth radiographs of ninety-six patients treated by extraction of four first
      premolars were taken at least 10 years postextraction. Three groups were
      established: one with extensive crowding in the full permanent dentition treated
      by extraction and fixed appliance therapy; one treated by serial extraction and
      fixed appliance therapy; and one treated by serial extraction only. Measurements
      of tooth length and alveolar bone height were made from the projected
      radiographs, and buccolingual socket areas were measured from direct tracings of
      the radiographs. Comparison between groups revealed reduced mean radiographic
      tooth lengths for incisors and mandibular molars in the orthodontically treated
      groups. The incidence of root resorption was similar for both treated groups.
      Reduced alveolar bone heights were noted in the extraction sites of the two
      orthodontically treated groups but not in the group treated by serial extraction
      only. Most reduction in long-term dentoalveolar support occurred as a result of
      root resorption except in the extraction sites, where it occurred largely as a
      result of bone loss. Root parallelism did not appear to influence proximal bone
      heights at the extraction site. In malocclusions involving arch length
      deficiency, maximally displaced canines had reduced long-term proximal bone
      compared to nondisplaced canines, supporting the concept of encouraging
      autonomous distal eruption through serial extraction.

PMID- 6577791
TI  - Functional orthopedics: the "four pieces" and Class II treatment.
AB  - The authors describe a new functional appliance called the Chateau four pieces,
      which is designed for the orthopedic treatment of Class II problems during
      growth. The versatility of the use of the four pieces simultaneously or
      separately, enables the practitioner to control treatment in three dimensions.
      The indications and the prescription are discussed, and the results are shown.

PMID- 6577792
TI  - Muscle activity during function and its correlation with craniofacial morphology
      in a sample of subjects with Class II, Division 1 malocclusions.
AB  - To evaluate the relationship between craniofacial morphology and jaw muscle
      activity in a sample of skeletal Class II, Division 1 malocclusions,
      electromyographic and cephalometric analyses were undertaken in a sample of
      twenty adolescent children. For each subject, electromyographic activity was
      recorded from the left anterior temporal, masseter, and orbicularis oris muscles
      at rest, in maximum intercuspation, and during clenching. In addition, mandibular
      displacement was measured simultaneously with a kinesiograph, and twenty-seven
      anatomic points were digitized from a lateral head film. A computer-based system
      was used to sample the data and to determine correlation coefficients between
      selected parameters. Five significant correlations were found (at the 99 percent
      confidence level) for the rest position data. High anterior temporal amplitude
      was correlated with flat palatal planes and large ramus heights; high masseter
      amplitude correlated with upright maxillary incisors. Anterior positions of the
      mandible at rest correlated with flat occlusal planes and small pogonions. In
      contrast, significant correlation coefficients could not be identified for the
      maximum intercuspation recordings. However, low orbicularis oris muscle amplitude
      during clenching was correlated with high lower face height, overerupted
      mandibular molars, and elongated maxillary incisors. This interdependence of jaw
      muscle activity and craniofacial morphology in Class II, Division 1 subjects
      suggests a contribution from the musculature to the development of the dentition.

PMID- 6577793
TI  - Measurability of radiographic images.
AB  - Projective distortion has been recognized since the first attempts were made to
      measure images on x-ray films. However, the nature of this distortion has not
      been thoroughly investigated by the dental profession. Part of the difficulty in
      addressing the problem is the necessity of the researcher's having knowledge and
      training in nonmetric mathematical thinking. To demonstrate the nonmetric nature
      of projective transformation, seven precision line gauges were made of glass
      tubes filled with steel balls 1/8 inch in diameter and were attached to a skull
      at various locations. Cephalometric x-ray films of the prepared skull with gauges
      in place were taken to simulate lateral and other views. The image lengths of the
      gauges were directly measured from the x-ray films. The results showed that the
      image length can be longer, shorter, or the same as the object gauge and cannot
      be predicted, corrected, or compensated for from the images alone. Linear
      projective transformation measured in this study ranged from 7.32 percent
      elongation to 69.63 percent foreshortening. Thus, it is illogical to measure
      radiographic images without restrictions. The basic limitation of measuring
      radiographic images on x-ray film is that the parallel relation must be
      established between the object line (or plane) and the image line (or plane).
      Technical restrictions should be established as a convention by those who have
      had the most experience in using radiographic measurements.

PMID- 6577794
TI  - Analysis of craniofacial asymmetry by multiplane cephalometry.
AB  - A three-dimensional, multiplane cephalometric analysis is presented. This
      analysis permits visualization of skeletal midlines at selected depths of the
      craniofacial complex. When the midlines and associated anatomic structures are
      studied sequentially, the individual midlines may be combined conceptually into a
      warped midsagittal "plane." This localizes craniofacial asymmetry in the
      posteroanterior and basilar views. The study of structures in various coronal and
      transverse planes makes it possible to measure and record the three-dimensional
      relationships of anatomic structures to one another. A case of hemicraniofacial
      microsomia in which this analysis was used is presented.

PMID- 6577795
TI  - Unilateral craniofacial microsomia. Part I. Mandibular analysis.
AB  - Various attempts to describe the skeletal characteristics of unilateral
      craniofacial microsomia have been made with the use of cephalometric and
      panoramic roentgenograms. Previous studies have been only descriptive in nature.
      To date, a detailed (quantitative) cephalometric analysis of the mandibular
      deformity has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to describe the
      skeletal jaw deformity by means of cephalometric landmarks in the lateral view.
      The patient population consisted of sixteen boys and eight girls who ranged in
      age from 6 to 16 years. They were compared to the University of Michigan normal
      control population for the following measures: gonial angle, mandibular plane
      angle, overall oblique length of the mandible, ramal height, and body length. The
      affected side showed a larger gonial angle and mandibular plane angle. The
      oblique length of the mandible (Cd-Gn) was decreased on both sides, as were ramal
      height and body length. Paradoxically, body length appeared shorter on the
      unaffected side than on the affected side. This paradoxical observation could be
      attributed to a shift of the mandible in relation to the midsagittal plane of the
      cranial base, the film cassette, and the path of the x-ray beam. Observation of
      the mandible in the basilar cephalogram explained the geometry of the projection
      error found in the lateral view. Similar projection errors exist for patients
      with other types of craniofacial asymmetry. It is suggested that two radiographic
      views, orthogonal to each other, should be used to define the x, y, and z planes
      for studies of craniofacial abnormality.

PMID- 6577796
TI  - Roentgen stereometry with the aid of metallic implants in hemifacial microsomia.
AB  - Displacement of the mandible and the maxilla with growth in relationship to the
      frontal bone was recorded in eleven children with hemifacial microsomia, aged 3
      to 14 years at the initial examination. The goals were to assess the efficiency
      of the method for accurate recording of articular growth and to obtain
      information on facial development in each of these children. Correction of the
      skeletal asymmetry was not attempted during observation periods of from 707 to
      1,484 days. In continued observations three of the children were treated with
      functional appliances. Roentgen stereometry with the aid of metallic implants
      proved to be an efficient method for highly accurate recordings of articular
      facial growth in relationship to the frontal bone. Displacement of the jaws was
      asymmetrical in all of the examined children as determined in the frontal and
      transverse planes of the head. In about 50 percent of the children the degree of
      asymmetry increased in one plane while it decreased in the other plane. No
      correlation was found between the extent of the mandibular deformity, as seen on
      orthopantomograms, and the displacements of the mandible. Generally, the
      displacement of the maxillary bones corresponded with the displacement of the
      mandible. Articular growth of the jaws was redirected toward a more favorable
      pattern in two of the children during the time they used a functional appliance.
      In the third child the use of a functional appliance had no such effect.

PMID- 6577797
TI  - The curve of Spee in Stone Age man.
AB  - The purpose of this research was to test Spee's predictions on a sample of skulls
      with well-worn occlusions. Thirty-nine Shell Mound Indian skulls with marked
      attrition of the teeth were x-rayed in the Margolis cephalostat. Following Spee's
      suggested landmarks, three curves were obtained which included the condyle. A
      fourth curve was investigated--not using the condyle but based from three
      landmarks of the occlusal surface. All curves, radii, and centers were generated
      by a computer using the landmarks digitized from each skull's film. When only the
      molars and the condyle were used, the length of the radius and the location of
      the center came closest to Spee's predictions. In most of the sample, however,
      Spee's inclusion of the incisor along that arc could not be verified.
      Prosthodontic experiments which might give clues to finishing curves for
      orthodontic patients are suggested.

PMID- 6577798
TI  - Long-term effect of intrusive loads of varying magnitude upon the eruptive
      potential of rat incisors.
AB  - The present investigation deals with the functional recovery of the periodontium
      following application of intrusive loads of varying magnitudes to continuously
      growing rat incisors. The daily rate of eruption of these teeth served as an
      indicator of the functional capacity of their periodontal ligament. The left
      mandibular incisor was shortened to prevent occlusion in thirty experimental and
      ten control rats. The experimental animals were divided into three groups and
      constant, calibrated axial loads of 8 Gm./cm.2 (light), 15 Gm./cm.2 (medium), and
      26 Gm./cm.2 (heavy) were applied to their incisors by means of closed-coil
      springs for a period of 2 weeks. The daily eruption rate of all teeth was
      measured for 80 days following removal of the springs. In all experimental
      animals, severe and long-lasting impairment of the eruptive potential occurred.
      The least impairment was seen in the group with the light loads, their eruption
      rate being fully restored 64 days after removal of the loads, by which time 165
      percent of all dental and periodontal tissues was renewed. In the medium-load
      group, renewal of the tissues reached 140 percent, while a gross impediment in
      normal eruption rate persisted throughout the entire experimental period. The
      teeth subjected to heavy loads received a diminished impact of the axially
      directed loads due to the strong horizontal component of force; consequently,
      they behaved like the incisors of the light-load group. The light loads proved to
      cause the least impairment and were the most beneficial to functional recovery.

PMID- 6577799
TI  - Vertical lip height and dental height changes in relation to the reduction of
      overjet and overbite in Class II, Division 1 malocclusion.
AB  - Changes in vertical lip height in relation to dental height, overjet, and
      overbite of orthodontically treated Class II, Division 1 malocclusions are
      evaluated through cephalometric roentgenograms of twenty-two male patients.
      Treatment entailed extraction of the four first premolars and use of the edgewise
      technique. The results are statistically analyzed, and correlations between
      various binary combinations are subjected to the 1 percent confidence limit. On
      the basis of this study, it is concluded that (1) the reduction of overjet,
      overbite, and dental height with orthodontic treatment is statistically
      significant at the 1 percent level; (2) the reduction of overjet to that of
      overbite shows a mean ratio of 1.83 to 1. On the other hand, a reduction of 1 mm,
      in dental height is accompanied by an average reduction of 3.98 mm. in overjet
      and of 2.17 mm. in overbite; (3) there is also an insignificant increase in
      vertical lip height accompanied by a decrease in dental height. The relation is
      statistically insignificant, however.

PMID- 6577800
TI  - Current challenges and opportunities for orthodontics: an optimist's views.

PMID- 6577801
TI  - On the "V" principle of bone growth.

PMID- 6577802
TI  - Carbamazepine in the treatment of bulimia.
AB  - Of six bulimic outpatients who completed a double-blind crossover trial with
      carbamazepine, one patient, who had a history suggestive of bipolar disorder,
      responded dramatically with cessation of binge eating. This supports a possible
      link in some patients between bulimia and affective illness.

PMID- 6577803
TI  - Cancer and infant mortality around a nuclear power plant.

PMID- 6577804
TI  - Clinical features of central nervous system involvement in E-rosette-positive
      acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is a well-recognized complication
      of acute lymphocytic leukemia. We studied the patterns of such relapse in 56
      children with acute lymphocytic leukemia whose disease was classified as E
      rosette-positive or E-rosette-negative on the basis of whether their leukemic
      blasts formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. In the E+ group, CNS relapse was
      more frequent, and relapse occurred at, or sooner after, diagnosis and was more
      frequently followed shortly thereafter by bone marrow relapse. In addition, the
      E+ group was more likely to present with focal neurologic syndromes with or
      without blasts in the cerebrospinal fluid, in contrast to the more common
      features of diffuse meningeal leukemia with increase in intracranial pressure.
      These observations suggest that the E-rosette-positive lymphoblasts are more
      likely to infiltrate into nerve and brain tissue rather than invade the meninges
      diffusely. If confirmed, these findings imply that treatment of the CNS
      involvement may need to be different in patients with E+ acute lymphocytic
      leukemia than in patients with E- acute lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6577805
TI  - Determination of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity by a specific
      fluorometric coupled-enzyme assay.
AB  - A coupled-enzyme assay for the specific and sensitive determination of delta
      aminolevulinate dehydratase activity has been developed. The assay specifically
      measured picomole quantities of the product, porphobilinogen, by its enzymatic
      conversion to uroporphyrinogen I and the fluorometric detection of oxidized
      uroporphyrin I. The coupled-enzyme assay was linear with time and protein
      concentration and required less than 3 h for 20 individual determinations. Under
      the standard assay conditions, 10 to 100 pmol of uroporphyrin I was reliably
      measured, representing 0.085 to 0.850 nmol/h of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase
      activity per assay. In addition, the fluorometric assay was more sensitive than
      either the standard or the semimicro colorimetric methods. The specificity,
      rapidity, and sensitivity of this new fluorometric method facilitates the
      reliable determination of low levels of aminolevulinate dehydratase activity in
      small amounts of crude tissue homogenates or in cultured cells.

PMID- 6577806
TI  - Linkage disequilibrium between the ELA and the A blood group systems in
      Standardbred horses.
AB  - The linkage group formed by the ELA and A blood group system in horses was
      studied in American Standardbred horses. The distance between the ELA locus and
      the A blood group locus was measured as 1.61 centimorgans, observing only the
      haplotypes contributed by the sires. Strong linkage disequilibrium was found in
      pacing Standardbred horses for ELA-W1 with Aa, ELA-W5 with Ab and ELA-W10 with
      Ab. Linkage disequilibrium was apparent at both the population and family level.
      Among trotting Standardbred horses, linkage disequilibrium was found for ELA-W1
      with Aa and for ELA-W10 with Ab. It was not possible to investigate linkage
      relationships in Thoroughbred horses because of the high frequency of Aa and low
      frequency of other A system markers.

PMID- 6577807
TI  - [Familial portuguese type amyloid polyneuropathy. Attempt at a pathogenetic
      interpretation].
AB  - The pathogenesis of familial portuguese amyloid polyneuropathy, a form of
      hereditary peripheral neuropathy is at present uncertain. Our hypothesis is that
      there may be a genetic modification in the metabolism of the Schwann cell.
      Normally this cell produces myelin, however with genetic modification perhaps it
      could switch its production to the protein precursor for amyloid. Therefore, the
      abnormality would reside primarily in the nervous tissue with the amyloid
      deposits being secondary but contributing to the axonal degeneration.

PMID- 6577809
TI  - Long-term efficacy of surgical cordotomy in intractable non-malignant pain.

PMID- 6577808
TI  - Augmentation of surviving flap area by intraarterial vasodilators administered
      through implantable pumps.
AB  - Using the implantable Infusaid Model 300 pump, several vasodilators
      (prostaglandin E1, isoxsuprine, bradykinin, trimethaphan, and reserpine) were
      infused intraarterially into an abdominal island flap in the rabbit. All produced
      a large increase in flap surviving area over saline controls at forty-eight
      hours, measuring as high as a 2.8-fold increase in random portions of the flap
      with prostaglandin E1. The agents possessed differing modes of action but had the
      common property of vasodilatation. The results raise questions concerning the
      possible physiological role of endogenous prostaglandins in the surgical delay
      phenomenon. The Infusaid pump was a valuable tool in the study and was well
      tolerated by the animals.

PMID- 6577810
TI  - Serogenetic studies on the Daga of the interior of the mainland of Milne Bay
      Province, Papua New Guinea.
AB  - The Daga people of Milne Bay, the easternmost Province of Papua New Guinea,
      occupy an upland area but do extend to the coast. Linguistically they are Papuan
      and, unlike their Austronesian-speaking neighbours, they appear originally to
      have been an exclusively inland people. They have been in contact with
      missionaries and miners since the turn of the century, and genetic evidence of
      Caucasoid gene flow may be present in the finding of several lactose absorbers
      (reported elsewhere). They are the first non-Australian population in whom the
      second carbonic locus allele CA4II has been detected, which may indicate either
      recent gene flow from Australian aborigine or lend additional support to the
      suggestion that there was Australian contact with Papua before the coming of the
      Europeans. For the rest, their gene-marker profile is fairly typical of a non
      highland population of New Guinea, though the low frequency of hereditary
      ovalocytosis tends to confirm their inland origins.

PMID- 6577811
TI  - A general model for disease-marker association.
AB  - A general model for analysing disease-marker associations from a random sample of
      patients and controls is given, assuming an arbitrary number of marker and
      disease susceptibility alleles. A method for testing the goodness-of-fit of
      various disease susceptibility models to the observed distribution of genotypes
      at the marker locus in patient and control samples is given. The method is
      demonstrated using a recently published data set on type I diabetes.

PMID- 6577812
TI  - [Development of antineoplastic prostaglandins].
AB  - Prostaglandins (PGs) are bioregulatory substances and are widely distributed in a
      variety of tissues. Numerous facts have been described in relation to cancer
      biology with PGs. The purpose of our study lies in the creation of anti-tumor
      PGs. We have described that PGD2 has strong cell growth inhibitory activity;
      furthermore, we discovered that PGJ2, 9-deoxy-delta 9-PGD2, has 3 times stronger
      activity than the mother compound, PGD2. In vivo experiments showed that only
      PGA2 and PGJ2 exert antitumor activity. Thus, cyclopentenone ring structure in PG
      seems to be an essential moiety for cytotoxicity of PG. On the basis of the above
      facts, we propose tha name of antineoplastic PGs for PGA and PGJ derivatives
      which have cyclopentenone ring. Recently, we developed several antineoplastic PGs
      which showed IC50 value less than 0.3 microgram/ml against L1210 leukemia cells,
      and these compounds also showed antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites tumor
      in vivo comparable to that of cyclophosphamide. The action mechanism seems to be
      in its alkylation activity of the cyclopentenone structure and not in receptor
      cAMP route. Spectrum of anti-tumor activity and its toxicity in vivo are now
      under investigation. In this brief review, mainly our recent approaches in this
      field are discussed.

PMID- 6577813
TI  - [Study on postoperative local chemotherapy of malignant brain tumors using ACNU
      and PSK].
AB  - There have been many attempts to treat patients with malignant brain tumors
      represented by glioblastomas using nitrosourea (NU) derivatives such as BCNU and
      CCNU but the clinical results are not so remarkable compared with previous
      reports concerning experimental studies. The reason for an efficacy of NU
      derivatives in brain tumors is considered to be its higher lipid solubility which
      makes the drug crossing the BBB easily. On the other hand, there is some evidence
      that higher lipid solubility did not guarantee NU to reach always to all portions
      of solid tumor after systemic administration. We have performed a chemotherapy of
      malignant brain tumors using ACNU for five years. This drug is not only lipid but
      also water-soluble in some grade; therefore, the drug is administrated
      intravascularly and locally with ease. Nine cases of malignant gliomas were
      treated with local chemotherapy employing ACNU and two cases of glioblastomas are
      surviving now over five years and about four years, respectively. From the
      anatomical standpoint of view, it is considered to be necessary for local
      chemotherapy of brain tumors to possess some pathognomonic characters such as
      cyst formations, central necrosis and localized cortico-meningeal adhesions,
      which are rather frequently found in malignant gliomas and are suspected also
      easily by CT examination preoperatively. A local chemotherapy in the present
      study has been performed using 10 to 50 mg of ACNU through an indwelling catheter
      inserted during operation. No general toxicity occurred in all patients except
      one, who experienced purulent meningitis after long-term drainage. In our study
      on concentration of ACNU, intracarotid injection resulted in higher concentration
      in brain tumor tissue than intravenous injection, but these concentration
      considered to be not high enough to suppress the tumor cell growth. On the other
      hand, the intracavitary concentration of ACNU at 24 hr after drug administration
      was high enough to suppress the tumor cell growth.

PMID- 6577814
TI  - [Effect of ACNU, a water-soluble nitrosourea derivative, on survival and cell
      progression of cultured HeLa S3 cells].
AB  - Effects of a water-soluble nitrosourea derivative, 1-(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5
      yl) methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride [ACNU]. on survival and
      cell progression of HaLe S3 cells was investigated. The survival of exponentially
      growing cells exposed to increasing concentrations of the drug was characterized
      by a threshold-type survival curve (D0 = 7.0 micrograms/ml X 1 hr, Dq = 3.5
      micrograms/ml X 1 hr). ACNU exerted its main killing effect on cells in G1 and G2
      + M phases, whereas cells in S phase were resistant to the drug. Changes in
      survival response as a function of cell cycle were mainly dependent upon the
      extent of the exponential slope of the survival curve. Cell progression effects
      were examined by using a low concentration of ACNU in which 80% of treated cells
      could survive. Cells in G1 and early S phases at the time of treatment were not
      prevented from entering S phase but prolonged in duration of S phase followed by
      a marked delay in progression through G2 phase. However, such a delay in cell
      progression time was reduced in cells treated in mid S phase as compared with G1
      and early S phases. Cells treated in late S and G2 phases could normally progress
      into mitosis.

PMID- 6577815
TI  - [Augmentation of the cytostatic activity of granulocytes by biological response
      modifiers (BRM)].
AB  - The effects of various biological response modifiers (BRM) such as Nocardia rubra
      cell wall skeleton (N-CWS), OK-432, muramyl dipeptide (MDP), Staphylococcal
      protein A, interferon, lymphokine on the cytostatic activity of granulocytes
      against cultured tumor cells were examined. The cytostatic activity of untreated
      granulocytes from 10 normal healthy volunteers ranged from 14% to 30%. Lymphokine
      obtained from the supernatant of lymphocytes cultured with Con A-Sepharose
      directly suppressed the DNA synthesis of K 562 cells in high concentration,
      however, other BRM showed no direct cytostatic activity. The cytostatic activity
      of granulocytes was augmented by low concentrations (2.5 micrograms/ml) of N-CWS,
      OK-432 and protein A as well as by high concentration (25 micrograms/ml) of MDP.
      However, the cytostatic activity was not influenced by alpha-interferon. The
      meanings and mechanisms of the elevation in cytostatic activity of granulocytes
      by BRM were discussed with regards to the clinical immunotherapy.

PMID- 6577816
TI  - [Effect of ACNU, a water-soluble nitrosourea, on cell cycle of cultured glioma
      cells--flow cytometric analysis].
AB  - Cytotoxic and cytokinetic effects of 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl-3
      (2-chloroethyl) 3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) on cultured rat and human
      glioma cells (C-6 and KC) were studied in vitro. Exponentially growing culture
      cells were exposed to ACNU at the final concentrations of 5 micrograms/ml, 20
      micrograms/ml, and 80 micrograms/ml, respectively. The cytotoxic effect was
      evaluated by inhibition of cell growth and the cytokinetic effect was analyzed by
      DNA histogram using a flow cytometer. Inhibition of cell growth was dose
      dependent in ACNU and C-6 cells were more resistant than KC cells. The growth of
      C-6 and KC cells were not inhibited at all by low concentrations of ACNU (5
      micrograms/ml, 20 micrograms/ml), however, at these concentrations a marked
      accumulation of treated cells in S and G2+ M phases was evident. The accumulation
      in S and G2+M phases was dose-dependent and it was more prominent in KC than C-6
      cells. ACNU-treated cells accumulated initially in S phase and then in G2+M
      phase. After maximum accumulation in G2+M phase, the cells seemed to be released
      into G1 or G0 phase. These results indicate that the cytokinetic effect of ACNU
      (5 micrograms/ml, 20 micrograms/ml) is more conspicuous than the cytotoxic effect
      on C-6 and KC cells.

PMID- 6577817
TI  - Effects of indomethacin, aspirin and related compounds on the transgastric
      potential difference in cats.
AB  - Indomethacin was effective orally (intragastrically) and intravenously at 5 mg/kg
      in producing decreases in the transgastric electrical potential difference of
      anesthetized cats. The onset of action was, however, delayed as compared with
      direct irritants administered intragastrically such as salicylic acid. Aspirin
      administered intragastrically at 50 mg/kg caused a biphasic effect, an initial
      rapid drop followed by partial recovery after washout and then a subsequent slow
      decline similar to that observed after intravenous administration of the same
      dose. The effects of intragastric indomethacin were prevented by the concomitant
      topical administration of prostaglandin E2 while those of aspirin were only
      attenuated. The results are consistent with a prostaglandin mechanism (depletion)
      for the gastric mucosal effects of indomethacin. Aspirin, on the other hand, may
      have a direct irritant effect on the gastric mucosa as well as acting as an
      inhibitor of prostaglandin synthetase (cyclooxygenase).

PMID- 6577818
TI  - The role of immunotherapy in acute myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - The use of immunotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is controversial.
      Twenty-four trials have been reported in which 1,491 patients with AML received
      various forms of immunotherapy, including BCG, methanol extract residue (MER) of
      BCG, or Corynebacterium parvum. Some patients were immunized with allogeneic or
      autologous leukemia blast cells. In only four of the 24 trials was a significant
      prolongation of remission reported. Pooled data from all 24 studies were analyzed
      further. No statistically significant difference in duration of remission between
      patients who received maintenance chemotherapy alone and those who received
      maintenance chemotherapy plus immunotherapy was found. A significant survival
      advantage for those patients who received BCG and chemotherapy for maintenance
      therapy was detected. A beneficial biologic effect for the patients treated with
      BCG is suggested but this was not a disease-free survival advantage, and had no
      impact on cure of patients with AML. Immunotherapy, as currently conceived, seems
      to have no substantial benefit for patients with AML receiving optimal
      chemotherapy.

PMID- 6577819
TI  - Hypothalamic astrocytoma. Syndrome of hyperphagia, obesity, and disturbances of
      behavior and endocrine and autonomic function.
AB  - A 26-year-old woman had hyperphagia, obesity, aggressive behavior, visual
      hallucinations, reversal of wake-sleep patterns, hypothermia, hypothyroidism, and
      amenorrhea. She died of pancreatitis, probably secondary to hypothermia. Autopsy
      revealed a low-grade astrocytoma in the third ventricle and medial anterior and
      mid hypothalamus, primarily on the right. Although she exhibited thyroid and
      ovarian hypofunction, the patient had intact median eminence and pituitary
      function, suggesting end-organ failure, possibly of an autoimmune nature.

PMID- 6577820
TI  - Nutritional knowledge of dental students.

PMID- 6577821
TI  - A rare earth screen-film system for dental panoramic radiography.

PMID- 6577822
TI  - Elective subjects in the dental curriculum. Perceptions by graduates in relation
      to dental practice and continuing education.

PMID- 6577823
TI  - Conservative treatment of the stained dentition: vital bleaching.

PMID- 6577824
TI  - Conservative dentistry for children under general anaesthesia in the dental
      surgery.

PMID- 6577825
TI  - Dental anaesthetic emergency caused by medical gas pipeline installation error.

PMID- 6577826
TI  - Cure of resin based restorative materials. I. Self cure resins.

PMID- 6577827
TI  - Salivary inflammatory exocrinopathy: diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 6577828
TI  - Adolescent dental care and the South Australian school dental programme.

PMID- 6577829
TI  - Speech assessment in dentistry.

PMID- 6577830
TI  - Alcohol abuse.

PMID- 6577831
TI  - Polycythemia vera and glomerulonephritis.
AB  - Six patients with polycythemia vera and proteinuria are described. Three patients
      had histologically defined glomerulonephritis. It is proposed that there is an
      association between polycythemia vera and the development of glomerulonephritis.
      Possible pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed.

PMID- 6577832
TI  - Mantel irradiation for stage I and stage II Hodgkin's disease--results of a 10
      year experience.
AB  - One hundred and thirty patients with Stage I and II supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's
      disease treated with mantle irradiation alone at the Peter MacCallum Hospital,
      Melbourne between 1968-1977 were analysed retrospectively. The median followup
      was 7.4 years with a minimum of three years. There were 64 clinically staged (CS)
      and 66 pathologically staged (PS) patients. The major difference between the two
      groups was the transdiaphragmatic relapse which occurred in 33% of CS patients,
      and 7.5% in PS patients. The actuarial five year relapse free survival (RFS) was
      48% for CS patients and 67% for PS patients, but the five year overall survival
      was 90% for both groups, reflecting the impact of salvage treatment. Avid
      attention must be given to radiotherapy techniques to minimise local treatment
      failures. High grade nodular sclerosis Hodgkin's disease is associated with poor
      RFS even after adjustment has been made for stage and constitutional symptoms (p
      less than 0.003). Further studies will be made on this group of patients who may
      benefit from combined modality treatment. For PS I and II patients mantle
      irradiation gives a five year RFS of 67%, thus offering potential for cure in
      these patients.

PMID- 6577833
TI  - Dermal necrosis and chromosome Iq abnormality in a man with a familial
      myeloproliferative disorder.
AB  - A 33 year old man, with pre-existing psoriasis and a family history of multiple
      occurrence of acute myeloid leukemia and other myeloproliferative disorders,
      developed steroid-responsive ulcerating skin lesions, pancytopenia, marrow
      hypoplasia, hyperglobulinemia and polyarthritis. An abnormal karyotype (47,XY +
      i(1q] was detected in the bone marrow, and comparison with a case previously
      reported by Lee et al. Suggested that this abnormality may be significant. His
      sister, who developed chronic leucocytoclastic vasculitis, had pre-existing
      psoriasis, variable mild leucopenia and marrow dysplasia. Review of available
      records of other affected family members documented the occurrence of steroid
      responsive pancytopenia, knee swelling and terminal lipoid pneumonia in a first
      cousin. Four other relatives died with acute myeloblastic leukemia and another
      died with myelofibrosis. Two healthy first degree relatives were subjected to
      laboratory investigations with essentially negative findings.

PMID- 6577834
TI  - The changing prevalence and pattern of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart
      disease in Hong Kong--(1968-1978).
AB  - The occurrence and pattern of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in Hong
      Kong in the years 1968 to 1978 were surveyed. The incidence of rheumatic fever in
      hospitals had decreased by four-fifths in the past 10 years. Rheumatic fever
      nowadays still predominantly affects children and younger adults, but middle-aged
      patients may also be affected. There are a slight female dominance (1.3 to 1) and
      a relative predominance of patients from urban areas. A less severe form of
      manifestation in adult patients is encountered nowadays. Carditis was the
      dominant feature in 1968, but joint involvement was more common in recent years.
      Rheumatic nodules, chorea or erythema marginatum remained uncommon throughout the
      years. Only 49% of cases satisfied the revised Jones criteria (1965). In
      comparison, chronic rheumatic heart disease still remained prevalent, with a
      slower trend of decreasing prevalence. It accounted for (36 to 50%) of total
      cardiac admissions. The mitral valve was involved in (82.7 to 91.7%), aortic
      valve in (15.5 to 36.3%), while involvement of tricuspid or pulmonary valve was
      relatively uncommon. The socio-economic implication of this changing trend was
      analysed, and the problem encountered in diagnosing rheumatic fever discussed.

PMID- 6577835
TI  - Multiple myeloma with renal failure. A case for intensive treatment.
AB  - A series of nine consecutive patients with multiple myeloma and renal failure is
      presented. All patients were treated with urinary alkalinisation with sodium
      bicarbonate and/or acetazolamide, diuresis with saline, mannitol and/or
      furosemide, pulse melphalan and prednisone and, where indicated, allopurinol and
      aluminium hydroxide. A substantial and sustained improvement in renal function
      has been achieved in all nine patients. Of five patients with a urea more than 25
      mmol/L at presentation, the median survival to date is 64 weeks. Of these
      patients only one has died --not from renal failure but pneumonia, eighteen
      months after presentation. The others are alive and well. The results confirm the
      effectiveness of these measures in both improving renal function and prolonging
      survival, and suggest a more optimistic prognosis for patients with multiple
      myeloma and renal failure.

PMID- 6577836
TI  - Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery.
AB  - Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery has been considered a
      relatively rare cause of carotid artery occlusion. It is postulated this
      condition may not be uncommon and that some cases are not recognised. The
      condition is characterised by typical clinical and radiological features which
      should suggest the diagnosis. Despite these suggestive features it appears that
      recognition of this condition is not widespread and the diagnosis may not be
      made. Three cases of spontaneous dissection are reported. The clinical and
      radiological features will be emphasised and pathogenesis and treatment
      discussed.

PMID- 6577837
TI  - Asymptomatic colonic carcinoma revealed by investigation of Streptococcus bovis
      bacteremia.
AB  - A case of bacteremia in a patient with a prosthetic aortic valve is reported. The
      identification of streptococcus bovis as the causative organism and its known
      association with gastrointestinal disease led to investigations which revealed
      carcinoma of the sigmoid colon in an asymptomatic patient. The association of
      colonic lesions with S. bovis bacteremia is briefly reviewed.

PMID- 6577838
TI  - Fatal lactic acidosis in lymphoma--a report of two cases.

PMID- 6577839
TI  - Stevens-Johnson syndrome: was it cimetidine?

PMID- 6577840
TI  - Hypertension: the realities.

PMID- 6577841
TI  - Hepatic resection.
AB  - In the four years between the beginning of 1979 and the end of 1982, 23 hepatic
      resections have been carried out for tumours, trauma, biliary access, cystic
      disease of the liver and spontaneous rupture. There have been four deaths amongst
      these 23 patients. The 23 resections were performed on 68 patients referred for
      possible surgery on their hepatic lesions. Right-sided hepatic resections and
      resections carried out under emergency circumstances were found to carry a
      significantly higher risk than all other resections. Of the various organ imaging
      methods available for assessment of hepatic tumours, CT scanning seems to be the
      most powerful. Liver surgery is probably best done in a limited number of units
      prepared to implement appropriate protocols of investigation and surgical
      management.

PMID- 6577842
TI  - Fine needle cytology of thyroid.
AB  - Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of thyroid nodules is a useful diagnostic
      technique. The cases of 107 patients with pathological changes in the thyroid are
      reviewed. Nine carcinomata were found--seven of which showed abnormal cytology.
      There was one false negative but no false positive result. The role of FNAC in
      pre-operative evaluation of thyroid nodules is discussed.

PMID- 6577843
TI  - Prophylaxis of venous thrombosis after major thoracic surgery.
AB  - The high incidence (50-60%) of deep venous thrombosis of the legs (DVT) after
      major thoracic surgery is reduced only by about half with routine low-dose
      heparin prophylaxis. The present study compared the efficacy of a higher dose of
      heparin (7500 U twice daily) with the commonly used dose of 5000 U twice daily in
      preventing scan-detected DVT in 100 consecutive patients having thoracotomy for
      carcinoma of the lung or oesophagus. After the higher dose of heparin,
      postoperative DVT was not significantly less frequent (22% compared with 33% for
      total DVT) but was significantly less extensive (8% and 14%, respectively, for
      bilateral calf DVT, and 0% and 4% for popliteal DVT). Despite prophylaxis, DVT
      was especially common after oesophagogastrectomy (41% total DVT, 30% extensive
      DVT). No excessive postoperative bleeding was noted in either group. It is
      concluded that an increased dose of heparin safely offers increased prophylaxis
      against DVT in patients undergoing major thoracic surgery for cancer.

PMID- 6577844
TI  - Tracheobronchial and oesophageal ruptures caused by blunt injury.
AB  - During the period 1968-1982, six patients with tracheobronchial ruptures
      following chest injury were treated in the Royal Newcastle Hospital Intensive
      Care Unit. In one there was associated oesophageal rupture. The management of
      these patients is described and recommendations regarding management are made.

PMID- 6577845
TI  - Meso-atrial shunt in the surgical treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome.
AB  - Three patients with idiopathic Budd-Chiari syndrome with occlusion of the hepatic
      veins and significant obstruction of the hepatic segment of the inferior vena
      cava are presented. The inferior vena caval obstruction precluded the use of
      conventional side-to-side portacaval or mesocaval shunts. Dramatic regression in
      liver size and resolution of ascites occurred in all three patients following the
      construction of meso-atrial shunts using wide-lumen woven Dacron grafts. Shunt
      patency was confirmed by angiography in two patients and Doppler studies in one.
      One patient died five months after surgery and another after 16 months. The
      shunts were widely patent at autopsy and the full length of the grafts were lined
      by neo-intima. The third patient is asymptomatic 20 months after surgery and is
      free of ascites. Our experience in these three cases suggests that patency can be
      expected in long synthetic grafts between the portal and systemic venous system
      provided the shunt is of adequate diameter and there is a pressure gradient
      between the two ends.

PMID- 6577846
TI  - True aneurysm formation in femoropopliteal autogenous vein bypass grafts: two
      cases.
AB  - This paper describes two cases of true atheromatous aneurysm formation within
      reversed autogenous saphenous vein used for femoropopliteal bypass graft. We note
      the rarity of this complication and review the literature for true aneurysm
      formation within vein grafts used for this and other bypass procedures.

PMID- 6577847
TI  - Patient well-being after gastric bypass surgery for morbid obesity.
AB  - The physical and psychosocial consequences of gastric bypass surgery were
      observed in 30 morbidly obese patients. Twenty-seven of these patients were
      satisfied with the results of surgery. Satisfaction was associated with improved
      health, a better self-image, and greater social activity. Dissatisfaction
      occurred when an appreciable amount of weight was not lost, or when the patient's
      expectations about the results of surgery were unrealistic.

PMID- 6577848
TI  - Familial occurrence in carcinoid tumours.
AB  - Two family groups with familial carcinoid tumours with metastases are presented.
      These are the fourth and fifth family groups to be reported which do not occur
      within the setting of the multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndrome. Relatives
      of patients with carcinoid tumours having persistent vague abdominal pain or
      gastrointestinal symptoms should be investigated.

PMID- 6577849
TI  - Synchronous carcinomas of the large intestine.
AB  - Sixty-one (3.0%) of 2029 patients managed operatively for carcinoma of the large
      intestine had synchronous carcinomas. In 47 (77.0%) of the 61 patients the
      carcinomas were in the same or adjacent segment(s) of large intestine.
      Adenomatous polyps were present in 18 (30%) patients compared to 269 (14%) of
      1968 patients with a single cancer. A curative resection was performed in 40 of
      61 patients, palliative resection in 16 and a non-resection palliative operation
      in five. Two patients required proctocolectomy and eight subtotal colectomy with
      ileorectal anastomosis. Cancer specific survival for the entire group and for
      those treated by curative resection did not differ significantly from that of
      patients with a single carcinoma. It is concluded that: (1) the presence of a
      second carcinoma does not significantly alter the survival prospects; (2) both
      pre-operative large intestinal examination and careful operative palpation of the
      entire large intestine should be performed, and (3) the significantly higher
      incidence of adenomatous polyps in patients with synchronous carcinomas is
      consistent with the polyp/cancer sequence hypothesis.

PMID- 6577850
TI  - Localization of osteomyelitis with 99mtechnetium sulphur colloid.
AB  - Thirty-two patients with fractures of the limbs were studied 15-30 min following
      99mtechnetium sulphur colloid injection. In 17 of the 19 patients where
      osteomyelitis was superimposed on the various fractures, significant uptake of
      sulphur colloid was noted at the fracture sites. The sensitivity for the test was
      89.5%. In 12 of the 13 cases where osteomyelitis was absent, the sulphur colloid
      scan was negative giving a specificity of 92.3%. Hence a technetium sulphur
      colloid scan has shown to be a successful method for detecting osteomyelitis
      complicating a limb fracture.

PMID- 6577851
TI  - Demonstration of functioning heterotopic splenic autografts by scintigraphy.
AB  - The use of heterotopic splenic autografts is demonstrated as a means of
      preserving functioning splenic tissue in 15 patients undergoing splenectomy for
      trauma. In all patients, functioning splenic autografts could be shown by
      scintigraphy, using 99mTc-labelled erythrocytes or 99mTc-labelled sulphur
      colloid, performed 12 weeks after implantation.

PMID- 6577852
TI  - Obturator hernia.
AB  - Four cases of strangulated obturator hernia are presented with a brief review of
      the literature up to 1980. All four patients were emaciated women over 50 years
      old and in all instances the hernia was on the left side. None of the cases was
      diagnosed preoperatively and all had Howship-Romberg's sign absent. A diagnosis
      of strangulated obturator hernia should always be considered in any elderly, thin
      female with clinical features of intestinal obstruction and without any history
      of previous abdominal operations. Three of the patients died due to delayed
      presentation, delayed operative interference and rupture of the gangrenous loop
      leading to septicaemia.

PMID- 6577853
TI  - Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: a complication of Salmonella bovis
      morbificans infection.
AB  - A clinical report is presented of a patient who developed Salmonella bovis
      morbificans infection and ruptured an abdominal aortic aneurysm as a
      complication. The management is discussed and treatment suggested.

PMID- 6577854
TI  - Aortic aneurysm, giant-cell aortitis and polymyalgia rheumatica: report of a
      surgical case.
AB  - A 62 year old male presented with polymyalgia rheumatica and an abdominal aortic
      aneurysm. The aneurysm was resected and histological examination disclosed
      necrotizing giant-cell arteritis. This association seems to be unique.

PMID- 6577855
TI  - Acute perforation of small intestine due to tuberculosis.
AB  - Twenty-two patients with acute perforations of the small intestine due to
      tuberculosis were operated upon at Irwin Hospital, New Delhi between 1971 and
      1976. Most of them (85.36%) presented with features of peritonitis.
      Radiologically, evidence of pneumoperitoneum was found in six patients. Fourteen
      patients had a solitary perforation while multiple perforations were found in
      eight cases. Sixteen patients had an associated stricture immediately distal to
      the perforation. Management of these patients included resection anastomosis
      (12), closure of perforation with bypass (seven), and simple repair of
      perforation in three cases. The overall mortality was 45.45%. Mortality was
      significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in patients with multiple perforations
      and in those who had multiple strictures. The high mortality and difficulty of
      correct pre-operative diagnosis have been stressed.

PMID- 6577856
TI  - The acquisition of taste aversions in humans with eating and drinking disorders.

PMID- 6577857
TI  - Uptake kinetics and intracellular distribution of anthracyclines studied by laser
      cytofluorometry.
AB  - The detection of low amounts of anthracyclines in single cells was attained with
      a microscope-photometer by employing an argon laser as a fluorescence excitation
      source. The time course of drug uptake was followed by incubating the cells under
      the microscope and measuring the increase of fluorescence intensity from the
      beginning of the drug penetration. An intracellular distribution map of the drug
      fluorescence was obtained by scanning measurements, through which the more
      specific sites of binding were visualized. This means of detection is compared
      with two of the most commonly employed biochemical techniques.

PMID- 6577858
TI  - Initial-velocity kinetics of succinoyl-coenzyme A-3-oxo acid coenzyme A
      transferase from sheep kidney.
AB  - The initial-velocity kinetics of sheep kidney CoA-transferase are consistent with
      a Ping Pong mechanism. A KAcAc-CoA of 2.7 X 10(-5) M, KSucc-CoA of 1.6 X 10(-4)
      M, KSucc of 5.6 X 10(-3) M and KAcAc of 6.7 X 10(-5) M were determined by using a
      direct assay system that monitors the concentration of magnesium acetoacetyl-CoA
      enolate. However, product-inhibition kinetics of sheep kidney CoA-transferase are
      inconsistent with a Ping Pong mechanism. The possible involvement of separate
      binding sites for succinate and acetoacetate are discussed.

PMID- 6577859
TI  - Lectin-binding components of normal granulocytes and leukaemic myeloid cells.
AB  - A panel of lectins was used to analyse glycoproteins of normal granulocytes and
      leukaemic myeloid cells. The glycoproteins of detergent-solubilized whole cells
      were separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and
      their lectin-binding properties determined by incubation of the fixed gels with
      radioiodinated lectins. Normal granulocytes and leukaemic myeloid cells in
      different stages of maturation possess a cell-surface sialic acid-rich
      glycoprotein of apparent mol.wt. 115 000 (GP115), that can be labelled by both
      the lactoperoxidase and periodate/NaB3H4 cell-surface labelling techniques. The
      sialoglycoprotein of leukaemic myeloblasts has a slightly lower apparent mol.wt.,
      112000 (GP112). After neuraminidase treatment before cell solubilization, both
      GP115 and GP112 bind the lectins from Arachis hypogaea (peanut) and Helix pomatia
      (snail) and have an increased apparent molecular weight of 125000. Two
      concanavalin A-binding glycoproteins of apparent mol.wts. 98000 and 90000 are
      present in leukaemic myeloblasts. Concanavalin A binding to these glycoproteins
      is decreased in more mature leukaemic cells and absent in granulocytes. As
      concanavalin A binding decreases in the maturer forms, there is a concomitant
      increase in the binding of Ricinus communis (castor bean) and Maclura aurantiaca
      (osage orange) lectins to these glycoproteins. Whole granulocytes, but not
      leukaemic myeloblasts, contain a major cell-surface concanavalin A binding
      glycoprotein of apparent mol.wt. 130000, which is labelled by the
      periodate/NaB3H4 technique. Concanavalin A binding to this glycoprotein increases
      as the morphology of leukaemic cells approaches that of mature granulocytes.

PMID- 6577860
TI  - A critical intracellular concentration of fully reduced non-methylated folate
      polyglutamates prevents macrocytosis and diminished growth rate of human cell
      line K562 in culture.
AB  - Growth rate of human leukaemic cell line K562 was independent of intracellular
      folate concentration when this was greater than 1.5 microM. When intracellular
      folate concentration was less than 1.5 microM, the rate of growth was
      proportional to the logarithm of intracellular concentration of non-methylated
      fully reduced folates, but not to the logarithm of the intracellular
      concentration of N5-methyltetrahydropteroylglutamate. Intracellular folate
      concentration sufficient to support an optimal growth rate was maintained by
      either DL-N5-formyltetrahydropteroylglutamate or DL-N5
      methyltetrahydropteroylglutamate at a 100-fold lower concentration than
      pteroylglutamate. Addition of hypoxanthine to culture medium partially restored
      growth of folate-depleted cells: thymidine had no effect on growth rate either
      alone or in combination with thymidine. Folate-depleted cells with diminished
      growth rate were larger than replete cells, but did not have megaloblastic
      morphology. The mitotic index was not decreased in cultures with diminished
      growth rate. The rate of growth and cell size of K562 cells is thus dependent on
      a critical intracellular concentration of non-methylated tetrahydrofolates, which
      may be maintained by different concentrations of either reduced folates or
      pteroylglutamate.

PMID- 6577861
TI  - Alteration of plasma membrane of drug-resistant tumor cells: 230-kilodalton
      protein identified by monoclonal antibody.
AB  - A number of hybridomas producing antibodies to plasma membrane of an aclarubicin
      resistant subline of L5178Y cells were obtained. Among the hybridoma antibodies,
      one was found by agglutination tests to react with the aclarubicin-resistant cell
      line, but not significantly with the parental and adriamycin-, bleomycin- and
      macromomycin-resistant cell lines. The monoclonal antibody was designated SC438,
      and showed complement-dependent cytolytic activity more markedly against the
      aclarubicin-resistant cells than against the parental cells. Fluorographs of
      [14C] leucine-labeled aclarubicin-resistant cells demonstrated two protein bands
      of 230k and 20k daltons, which were precipitated by the SC438 antibody. The
      former seemed to be specific for the aclarubicin-resistant cells.

PMID- 6577862
TI  - Novel derivatives of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylpurines that are cytotoxic to
      variants of human leukemia lymphoblast cells resistant to both 1-beta-D
      arabinofuranosylcytosine and 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine.

PMID- 6577863
TI  - Clinico-epidemiological features of 102 consecutive cases of ulcerative colitis
      in Puerto Rico.

PMID- 6577864
TI  - [Treating the depressed patient with drugs].

PMID- 6577865
TI  - [Pathology review. Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid].

PMID- 6577866
TI  - Sonography quiz. Transitional cell carcinoma.

PMID- 6577867
TI  - Electrocardiogram of the month.

PMID- 6577868
TI  - Inferior myocardial infarction concealed by a complete left bundle branch block.

PMID- 6577869
TI  - [Use of contraceptive drugs in cardiac patients].

PMID- 6577870
TI  - [Kaposi's sarcoma].

PMID- 6577871
TI  - The prognostic value of staging laparatomy for Hodgkin's disease: experience at
      the University District Hospital of the University of Puerto Rico.

PMID- 6577872
TI  - Intravenous vs. intramuscular magnesium sulfate for preeclampsia.

PMID- 6577873
TI  - Coronary and valvular heart disease: gated cardiac blood pool study.

PMID- 6577874
TI  - Aspiration pneumonia: pathophysiology and treatment.

PMID- 6577875
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of hydralazine and the first pass effect.

PMID- 6577876
TI  - Idiopathic benign recurrent cholestasis in second cousins.

PMID- 6577877
TI  - [Use of psychoactive drugs by the primary care physician. General principles].

PMID- 6577878
TI  - Day case dental anaesthesia. Evaluation of three methods of anaesthesia.

PMID- 6577879
TI  - The reduction of x-ray exposure in dental practice using rare-earth screen--fast
      film combinations.

PMID- 6577880
TI  - Conservative dentistry with a caries detector and a chemically adhesive
      composite. A longitudinal study of a new system.

PMID- 6577881
TI  - Putting good nutrition into practice.

PMID- 6577882
TI  - Focus on hygienists.

PMID- 6577883
TI  - An enigmatic wisdom tooth.

PMID- 6577885
TI  - Endodontic treatment.

PMID- 6577884
TI  - Caries experience i 11-year-old school girls between 1962 and 1981.

PMID- 6577886
TI  - Reasons for leaving dentistry: a pilot study.

PMID- 6577887
TI  - Decline in teenage oral hygiene.

PMID- 6577888
TI  - Diet and the fall in caries prevalence.

PMID- 6577889
TI  - The hazards of dental local anesthetics.

PMID- 6577890
TI  - Independent hygienists.

PMID- 6577891
TI  - The etiology and psychology of dental fear.

PMID- 6577892
TI  - Prosthetic treatment of a cleft palate.

PMID- 6577893
TI  - Facial form of patients with cleft lip and palate. The long-term influence of
      presurgical oral orthopaedics.

PMID- 6577894
TI  - Contact dermatitis reaction to a metal buckle on a cervical headgear.

PMID- 6577895
TI  - The 1983 Annual Session of the American Association of Dental Schools.

PMID- 6577896
TI  - The development of dental education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

PMID- 6577898
TI  - Strathclyde fluoridation verdict.

PMID- 6577897
TI  - Variation among dentists in planning treatment.

PMID- 6577899
TI  - Advertising and ethics.

PMID- 6577900
TI  - A new self-threading dentine pin.

PMID- 6577901
TI  - Mastique acrylic laminate veneers. Clinical evaluation over two years.

PMID- 6577902
TI  - Prophylaxis of experimental endocarditis in rabbits using one or two doses of
      amoxycillin.

PMID- 6577903
TI  - Longitudinal study of dental treatment in the general dental service in Scotland.

PMID- 6577904
TI  - Update on Brazilian dentistry.

PMID- 6577905
TI  - Pumping effect of the Philips AVI ventilator on Fluotec vaporizers.

PMID- 6577906
TI  - Failure of high doses of alpha interferon to affect the growth of human
      carcinoma, melanoma, and myeloid leukaemia xenografts.

PMID- 6577907
TI  - HLA-A, B and DR antigens and properdin factor B allotypes in Caplan's syndrome.
AB  - Seventy-nine cases of Caplan's lung were typed for HLA-A and B antigens. The
      antigen Bw45 was present only in those patients with rheumatoid factor and was of
      significantly higher frequency (13.6%) when compared to a non-coal dust exposed
      population of 316 (1.0%). Those patients without rheumatoid factor showed an
      increase in HLA-A1 and B8 (58.6% and 51.7% respectively) when compared to the
      rheumatoid factor positive group (29.6% and 25.0% respectively). Clinical and
      radiological reassessment were performed on 49 of these patients who were also
      typed for HLA-DR antigens and properdin factor B allotypes. HLA-DR4 was raised in
      the rheumatoid factor positive group with rheumatoid arthritis (55.2% compared to
      25.8% in the non-coal dust exposed group and 37.3% in coalworkers with normal
      radiographs). The HLA-DR results are comparable to those found in other studies
      of rheumatoid arthritis not associated with pneumoconiosis. The findings for HLA
      A1, B8 and DR4, however, were not significant after correction was made for the
      number of antigens tested for. No particular Bf allotype was found to be
      associated with either the lung change or the arthritis. The induction of the
      pulmonary lesion in Caplan's syndrome is discussed in relation to the HLA
      findings.

PMID- 6577908
TI  - Papilloedema in chronic granulocytic leukaemia.
AB  - Five of 75 patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia seen over a 25 year
      period had papilloedema at presentation. These patients had unusually high
      leucocyte counts and the papilloedema may be a manifestation of leucostasis. The
      fundal abnormalities resolved in all five patients--in four after conventional
      treatment with busulphan only.

PMID- 6577910
TI  - A good prognosis group in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - The records of 121 children presenting with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia between
      1969 and 1982 were reviewed. The overall relapse free survival rate was 50%.
      However, girls presenting with a total white blood cell count of 20 X 10(9)/l or
      less (35% of all patients) had a particularly favourable prognosis with an 80%
      relapse-free survival rate at 12 years. The difference in prognosis between the
      sexes is confirmed but this difference is confined to the low initial white cell
      count group. We suggest that girls in this group should be excluded from the more
      intensive arms of new treatment protocols.

PMID- 6577909
TI  - Eosinophilic blast crisis in a case of chronic myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - A case of typical chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is described, of which the
      terminal blast crisis was characterized by an impressive proliferation of
      atypical eosinophils and by the simultaneous complete deficiency of neutrophilic
      myeloperoxidase. Since eosinophilic cells preserved a strong peroxidase
      positivity, a high number of immature non-granular eosinophilic precursors could
      be recognized among the leukaemic blast cells, thus supporting the diagnosis of
      eosinophilic blast crisis of CML.

PMID- 6577911
TI  - E-rosette positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in adolescents and adults.
AB  - E-rosetting of leukaemic blast cells is one of the markers of T-cell acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). In children, E+ ALL has a bad prognosis. In
      adults, data are scarce. This report provides information on 25 E+ ALL adult
      patients who have a minimum follow-up time of 36 months. Twenty-two of 25
      patients (88%) achieved complete remission (CR) (median duration 16 months), and
      six of them were alive, relapse-free, and off therapy after 36-81 months, with a
      26% projected 6-year relapse-free survival. In 97 patients with E-SmIg- ALL, who
      were treated at the same Institutions, over the same period of time, and by the
      same modalities, the outcome of therapy was almost identical: CR 80%, median
      duration of first CR 15 months, projected 6-year relapse-free survival 15%. The
      white blood cell (WBC) count at presentation influenced significantly and to the
      same degree first CR length in both E+ and E- cases. In this adult series, WBC
      count was not as high as in children. Moreover, a high Hb concentration, a very
      high WBC count, lymphadenomegaly, and mediastinal involvement, were found more
      frequently in adolescents and young adults than in adults. Based on these data,
      it is suggested that in adults E-rosetting as such is not a marker of a poorer
      prognosis, that some of the typical features of children E+ ALL weaken with age,
      and that in adults the disease can have a less aggressive character.

PMID- 6577912
TI  - Plasma fibronectin in myeloproliferative disorders and chronic granulocytic
      leukaemia.
AB  - A significant reduction of plasma fibronectin levels was found in polycythaemia
      vera and myelofibrosis, the lowest levels being found in patients with marked
      splenomegaly. Plasma fibronectin concentration was normal in essential
      thrombocythaemia, and only modest reduction was seen in chronic granulocytic
      leukaemia in either controlled chronic phase or blast cell crisis. In a patient
      with myelofibrosis, the plasma fibronectin rose from less than 100 mg/l to 177
      mg/l after splenectomy. Possible explanations include increased consumption of
      plasma fibronectin in the expanded mononuclear phagocyte system present in the
      liver and spleen, reduced hepatic synthesis, and the clearance of circulating
      immune complexes. Low plasma fibronectin concentrations may increase
      susceptibility to infection.

PMID- 6577913
TI  - 13-cis-retinoic acid metabolism in vivo. The major tissue metabolites in the rat
      have the all-trans configuration.
AB  - The liver and intestinal metabolites of orally dosed 13-cis-[11-3H]retinoic acid
      were analyzed in normal and 13-cis-retinoic acid treated rats 3 h after
      administration of the radiolabeled retinoid. all-trans-Retinoic acid was
      identified as a liver and intestinal mucosa metabolite in normal rats given
      physiological doses of 13-cis-[3H]retinoic acid. all-trans-Retinoyl glucuronide
      was identified as the most abundant radiolabeled metabolite in mucosa and a
      prominent liver metabolite under the same conditions. Thus, the major 13-cis
      retinoic acid metabolites retained in liver and mucosa, two retinoid target
      tissues, had the all-trans configuration. These data indicate that the
      isomerization of 13-cis-retinoic acid to all-trans-retinoic acid and the
      subsequent conversion to all-trans-retinoyl glucuronide are central events in the
      in vivo metabolism of 13-cis-retinoic acid in the rat. Moreover, the all-trans
      retinoic acid detected in vivo could account for a significant fraction of the
      physiological activity of 13-cis-retinoic acid. The tissue disposition and
      metabolism of orally dosed 13-cis-[3H]retinoic acid are modulated by retinoid
      treatment. Chronic 13-cis-retinoic acid treatment apparently increased the
      intestinal accumulation of all-trans-retinoic acid, all-trans-retinoyl
      glucuronide, and 13-cis-retinoyl glucuronide. The liver concentrations of
      tritiated all-trans-retinoic acid and all-trans-retinoyl glucuronide were also
      elevated in 13-cis-retinoic acid treated rats.

PMID- 6577914
TI  - [The study of the chemical composition of nitrogenase Fe-Mo-cofactor by a new
      fluorimetric method of thiocompound analysis].
AB  - A purification technique for a large scale production of crystalline Mo-Fe
      protein of nitrogenase from Azotobacter vinelandii and of its fragment, Fe-Mo
      cofactor (Fe-Mo-co) in argon atmosphere has been elaborated. The novel
      fluorimetric method of thiol compounds analysis has been proposed for
      identification of Fe-Mo-co thiol ligands; this procedure allows the determination
      of concentration and class of thiol compounds and of the distance between sulphur
      atoms in the case of dithiols. The use of this method for an analysis of Fe-Mo-co
      has demonstrated that it contains a thiomolybdate fragment and two atoms of
      inorganic sulphur. Organic thiol as a Fe ligand has not been revealed.

PMID- 6577915
TI  - The comparative behavioral effects of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and N,N
      diethyltryptamine in primate dyads.

PMID- 6577916
TI  - Subcellular distribution of steroid delta 4-5 alpha-reductase and 3 alpha
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the rat epididymis during sexual maturation.
AB  - The curve of the specific activity of rat epididymal nuclear delta 4-5 alpha
      reductase is bell shaped as a function of age, whereas that of cytoplasmic 3
      alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase does not change significantly with age. The
      present study examines the subcellular distribution of delta 4-5 alpha-reductase
      and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the caput-corpus and cauda
      epididymidis during development. A 5-step discontinuous sucrose gradient was
      developed for fractionation of epididymal homogenates. By using enzyme markers
      specific for different subcellular organelles, the five different subcellular
      fractions obtained were shown to be of cytoplasmic, microsomal, mitochondrial,
      nuclear and spermatozoal origin. 3 alpha-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity
      was associated only with the cytoplasmic fraction. The activity of the enzyme did
      not change significantly with age in either the caput-corpus or cauda
      epididymidis. delta 4-5 alpha-Reductase activity was found in fractions
      containing microsomal and nuclear markers. delta 4-5 alpha-Reductase activity in
      the nuclear fraction of the caput-corpus epididymidis was evident in the youngest
      age group (Day 25), increased 4-fold and peaked in the next age group (Day 35),
      and declined with each successive age group: Day 45 (60% of maximum), Day 60 (20%
      of maximum), Day 75 (15% of maximum) and Day 105 (10% of maximum). In contrast,
      microsomal delta 4-5 alpha-reductase activity increased successively from Day 25
      to Day 105; enzyme activity doubled between these two ages. The ratio of nuclear
      to microsomal delta 4-5 alpha-reductase activity from the caput-corpus
      epididymidis thus changed markedly with age: Day 25:1.32; Day 35:3.76; Day
      45:2.44; Day 60:1.03; Day 75:0.41; and Day 105:0.21. In the cauda epididymidis
      nuclear delta 4-5 alpha-reductase activity was only evident at Day 35 and Day 45;
      in microsomal fractions, activity was first found at Day 35 and did not
      subsequently change with age. These results demonstrate that: 1) epididymal 3
      alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity is found only in the cytoplasmic
      fraction; 2) delta 4-5 alpha-reductase activity is found in nuclear and
      microsomal fractions; and 3) the subcellular distribution of delta 4-5 alpha
      reductase activity changes markedly with age and epididymal section, suggesting
      differential regulation of nuclear and microsomal delta 4-5 alpha-reductase
      activities.

PMID- 6577917
TI  - Ovarian development in control and decapitated pig fetuses.
AB  - Ovarian development was studied in control and decapitated pig fetuses. Fetuses
      were decapitated at 42 days postcoitum. At 51, 61, 74, 90 and 112 days postcoitum
      decapitated and control females were collected. Ovarian weight gradually
      increased during development in control animals. Deprivation of pituitary
      hormones as a result of fetal decapitation did not cause a decline in ovarian
      weight increase. Germ cell maturation in control and decapitated fetuses
      proceeded in a similar fashion, with secondary follicles being the most advanced
      stage. Enzyme histochemical activity was present in the primary interstitial
      gland cells and in granulosa cells and was similar in normal and decapitated
      fetuses. Both NADH diaphorase activity and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
      activity increased from 51 to 74 days and remained relatively constant
      thereafter. Since fetal decapitation in the pig hardly influences ovarian
      development, pituitary dependency of the fetal ovary in the pig is unlikely.

PMID- 6577918
TI  - [Effect of high doses of retinol acetate on the 3-beta-ol-steroid dehydrogenase
      and alkaline phosphatase content in mouse ovaries].
AB  - The author reports on the effects of different doses of retinol acetate on
      ovarian steroidogenesis. Two groups of CBA/C57BL mice with a mean body weight of
      18-20 g received 3.44% oily retinol acetate per os in daily doses of 50 000 and
      80 000 IU for 10 days. After completion of the experiments the quick-frozen
      sections of the ovaries were subjected to a histochemical assay for the content
      of 3-beta-ol-steroid dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase. Administration of 50
      000 IU vitamin A was found to stimulate ovarian steroidogenesis. The effect of
      vitamin A was the most demonstrable in the interstitial tissue, atretic corpora,
      and, in the internal theca of the follicles. Administration of 80 000 IU retinol
      acetate inhibited ovarian steroidogenesis. The estrous cycle in animals ceased.
      Administration of vitamin A (80 000) primarily affected the follicular apparatus
      of the ovaries, namely the epithelium of the follicles and yellow bodies. At the
      same time secretory function of atretic corpora and interstitial tissue remained
      within normal, which was regarded as a compensatory-adaptive mechanism under
      toxic hypervitaminosis A.

PMID- 6577919
TI  - [Relaxation of DNA-protein interactions in mouse lymphoblastic leukemic cells
      exposed to antineoplastic agents].
AB  - It has been demonstrated by nucleoproteid-celite chromatography that 1-nitroso-1
      methylurea, potassium cyanate and prospidin reduce DNA-protein interactions in
      chromatin of cell cultures from LL mice with lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6577921
TI  - Graduate medical education in a period of constrained dollars.

PMID- 6577920
TI  - Specific translocation t(4;11) in an infant with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of
      null cell type.
AB  - A case of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of null cell type in infancy showed the
      specific reciprocal translocation t(4;11) (q21;q23) reported 16 times so far in
      the world literature. The proportions of abnormal and normal metaphases
      throughout the course of the illness correlated well with the clinical picture,
      but even during the short term remission metaphases expressing the translocation
      were still identifiable in appreciable numbers. Comparison between cytogenetic
      analyses of cultured and native bone marrow, PHA-stimulated and non-stimulated
      peripheral blood demonstrated the gradual conquest of the periphery by the
      abnormal clone. The importance of chromosomal changes and their interpretation
      for diagnosis, classification and prognostic judgment in haemotologic neoplasms
      is discussed in the light of the reported case.

PMID- 6577922
TI  - The federal role in health professions education.

PMID- 6577923
TI  - Role of the legislature in financing medical education.

PMID- 6577924
TI  - Financing medical education. The role of the faculty.

PMID- 6577925
TI  - Financing medical education. The role of the profession.

PMID- 6577926
TI  - The changing scene in medical education.

PMID- 6577927
TI  - The impact of funding reductions on the student mix.

PMID- 6577928
TI  - The cost for students and the implications for medical practice.

PMID- 6577929
TI  - The effects of increasing tuition on admissions, students, and faculty at an
      expensive private medical school.

PMID- 6577930
TI  - Financing medical education. Financial aid.

PMID- 6577931
TI  - Private/public financing: the Smith Barney, Harris Upham proposal for health
      education financing.

PMID- 6577932
TI  - Corporate support of medical education.

PMID- 6577933
TI  - "Ask not for whom the bell tolls": the impact of decreasing public support for
      medical education.

PMID- 6577934
TI  - Dental hygiene positions in Canada. Part 3: Clinical work areas and duties.

PMID- 6577935
TI  - Electrophoretic variation in six populations of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.).
AB  - Starch gel electrophoretic studies of 16 enzymes encoded by 34 Loci were
      performed on six brown trout populations. One new polymorphism is described at
      the Pmi-2 locus. Breeding data were analysed for both single and joint
      segregation of six loci: Aat-1, Cpk-1, G3p-2, Mdh-2, Mdh-3, and Pmi-2. All the
      loci are shown to segregate in simple mendelian ratios and one nonrandom joint
      segregation was observed. The polymorphism level, heterozygosities, and genetic
      distances were estimated and compared with those reported in other studies on
      brown trout and closely related salmonid species. The polymorphism level (25%)
      and average heterozygosity (9%) were high. Significant genetic distances were
      observed, but the average degree of differentiation between populations appeared
      to be small (9% of the total heterozygosity).

PMID- 6577936
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma associated with Paget's disease of bone. A clinicopathologic
      study of 65 patients.
AB  - Among 1177 osteogenic sarcoma patients diagnosed and treated at Memorial
      Hospital, 65 (5.5%) were associated with either monostotic or polyostotic Paget's
      disease. The overall median age was 64 years (range, 39-82 years). In those
      patients older than 40 years of age, the frequency of sarcomatous transformation
      rose to 27%. There were slightly more men (55%) than women. The most common
      skeletal sites were the pelvic bones (34%), the humerus (22%), the femur (19%),
      and the craniofacial bones (14%). Unrelenting pain and tender swelling were the
      most common presenting symptoms (85%), with pathologic fracture in 14 (22%)
      patients. In two-thirds of the cases, the radiographic presentation was that of a
      lytic destructive lesion; while in the others it showed a sclerotic, mixed, or
      permeative character. In almost one-half of the cases, the histologic appearance
      of the osteogenic sarcomas was either fibrohistocytomatous or osteoblastic. In
      spite of radical surgical amputations, only three patients survived longer than 5
      years. The prognosis of Paget's sarcoma is significantly less favorable than in
      osteogenic sarcoma arising de novo in patients of comparable age.

PMID- 6577937
TI  - Chronic lymphatic leukemia evolving into chronic myelocytic leukemia.
AB  - A diagnosis of chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) was made in an 83-year-old man on
      the basis of marked lymphocytosis (131.1 X 10(9)/L) and infiltration of the
      marrow (77%) by small lymphoid cells. The hemoglobin was 11.8 g/dL and the
      platelet count was 427.5 X 10(9)/L. With minimal and unsustained treatment,
      abrupt resolution of the lymphocytosis occurred with reciprocal emergence of a
      classic picture of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). During the hematologic
      evolution, blood lymphoid cells were isolated for surface marker, cytogenetic,
      and functional studies. E-rosette receptors, Fc-receptors, and membrane
      immunoglobulins were found on only 7.5%, 7.4%, and 10.0% of these cells. These
      cells also failed to express a CLL-associated antigen we have detected on
      approximately equal to 95% of the cells of all CLL patients studied, regardless
      of cell phenotype. In addition, the patient's lymphoid cells responded poorly to
      leucoagglutinin (LPHA) stimulation, showed increased spontaneous metabolic
      activity and exhibited the Philadelphia chromosome. These observations suggest
      that the patient's transient initial lymphocytosis was not due to CLL, but
      perhaps represented myeloid precursors in circulation prior to terminal
      differentiation.

PMID- 6577938
TI  - Reciprocal translocation t(6;9)(p21;q33): a new characteristic chromosome anomaly
      in myeloid leukemias.
AB  - Three patients with myeloproliferative disorders, two acute myeloid leukemias and
      one chronic myelocytic leukemia, were found to present a t(6;9)(p21;q33) as the
      sole anomaly in the leukemic cells. It is likely that this translocation is to be
      added to the steadily growing list of characteristic chromosome changes in human
      malignancy.

PMID- 6577939
TI  - Acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) with t(6;9) (p23;q34): a specific subgroup of
      AML?
AB  - A case of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) of M2 type in the FAB classification
      without Auer bodies in the leukemic cells was shown to have t(6;9)(p23;q34) in
      the marrow cells. Four hematologically similar cases with identical karyotype
      changes have been published. We propose, in support of others, that this may
      constitute a subgroup of AML characterized by a translocation between chromosome
      #6 and #9.

PMID- 6577940
TI  - Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) with translocation (8;22): a new variant.
AB  - A case of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in a young woman with a new variant
      Ph1-translocation--i.e., t(8;22) (q24;q12)--is described. The clinical and
      biological aspects of the disease did not seem to differ from those of the usual
      cases of CML.

PMID- 6577941
TI  - Unusual translocations t(2;6) and t(?;22) in a child with acute myelocytic
      leukemia.
AB  - A 13-month-old female with middle and upper lobe pneumonia showed a high WBC
      count with 99% blasts. From hematologic studies the condition was diagnosed as
      acute myelocytic leukemia (AML). In spite of aggressive chemotherapy, the patient
      died. Unstimulated peripheral blood culture and bone marrow cells revealed a
      translocation between a chromosome #2 and #6. An interstitial segment of 2q had
      been translocated to 6p. A chromosome #22 was also abnormal, having acquired a
      dark band around the long arm.

PMID- 6577942
TI  - Interferon-alpha conjugation to human osteogenic sarcoma monoclonal antibody
      791T/36.
AB  - Human lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) has been coupled using N
      succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate (SPDP) to a murine monoclonal
      antibody (791T/36) which reacts with antigens expressed on human osteogenic
      sarcomas. The purified conjugates retain antibody activity as defined by their
      capacity to compete with binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled 791T/36
      antibody to 791T cells. IFN-alpha-791T/36 antibody conjugates synthesized with
      125I-trace-labelled IFN-alpha and 131I-trace-labelled antibody also bound to 791T
      cells, but not to bladder carcinoma T24 cells. The conjugates also retain the
      capacity of free IFN to activate natural killer cells in human peripheral blood
      lymphocytes and show specific localization in human osteogenic sarcoma xenografts
      developing in immunodeprived mice. These findings establish that conjugates
      containing IFN linked to a monoclonal antibody reacting with osteogenic sarcoma
      associated antigens have potential for targeted immunotherapy and in related
      investigations with antibody has been shown by gamma camera imaging of patients
      following infusion of 131I-labelled antibody to localize in primary osteogenic
      sarcomas.

PMID- 6577943
TI  - Potentiation of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine metabolism and cytotoxicity by
      2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazolo[1,2-b]pyrazole in the human promyelocytic leukemic cell,
      HL-60.
AB  - The effect of IMPY (2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazolo[1,2-b]pyrazole) on the metabolism
      and cytotoxicity of subsequently administered 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine
      (ara-C) was examined in the human promyelocytic leukemic cell line HL-60. Cells
      exposed to 3 mM IMPY for 12 hr followed by a 1-hr exposure to 1 microM [3H]ara-C
      accumulated 27.5 +/- 4.8 (S.D.) pmol ara-C/10(6) cells compared to 14.0 +/- 3.5
      pmol/10(6) cells in untreated controls. Cells experienced greater than a 2-fold
      increment in 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-triphosphate generation and
      retention following this same IMPY exposure and nearly a 4-fold increment in
      incorporation of ara-C into HL-60 nucleic acids. These alterations in ara-C
      metabolism were associated with a 36% reduction in the intracellular
      concentration of deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate and reductions in deoxyadenosine
      5'-triphosphate and deoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate concentrations to undetectable
      levels. Coincubation of cells with IMPY along with other pyrimidine antagonists
      such as thymidine, N-(phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate), deoxyadenosine, and
      deoxyguanosine, produced up to 4-fold increments in ara-C intracellular
      accumulation. Pretreatment of HL-60 cells with 3 mM IMPY followed by a continuous
      exposure to 10 nM ara-C produced synergistic inhibitory effects on both
      suspension culture growth and soft agar clonogenicity. In contrast, exposure of
      normal human bone marrow progenitor cells (CFU-GM) to the same schedule of IMPY
      and ara-C produced subadditive or antagonistic effects on the growth of these
      cells in soft agar. These findings may have implications for the design of in
      vivo regimens using IMPY and ara-C.

PMID- 6577944
TI  - Flow cytometric analysis of adenosine analogue lymphocytotoxicity.
AB  - The induction of G1-phase arrest in T-lymphoblasts by cytostatic concentrations
      of 2'-deoxyadenosine (R. M. Fox, R. F. Kefford, E. H. Tripp, and I. W. Taylor,
      Cancer Res., 41: 5141-5150, 1981) prompted a flow cytometric analysis of the cell
      cycle effects of three other adenosine analogues with known effects on
      polyadenylated RNA metabolism in an attempt to further explore the nature of 2'
      deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate-mediated lymphotoxicity. Cytostatic concentrations
      of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine induced an S-phase block, while 3'
      deoxyadenosine (cordycepin) and tubercidin (7-deazaadenosine) induced a cycle
      nonspecific block. Furthermore, total cellular RNA content was unaltered by 2'
      deoxyadenosine or 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine, but 3'-deoxyadenosine and
      tubercidin caused a marked reduction in total cellular RNA at minimally
      cytostatic concentrations. At concentrations of 0.3 to 20 microM, all of these
      nucleosides were toxic to nondividing peripheral blood lymphocytes, suggesting
      that in these cells their mechanism of action does not involve reactions
      associated with DNA replication. Inhibition of polyadenylated RNA metabolism by
      triphosphate derivatives of adenosine analogues may account for
      lymphocytotoxicity in nondividing cells, but the demonstrated diverse effects of
      these nucleosides on nucleic acid metabolism in dividing cells preclude
      elucidation of the mechanism of the unique induction of G1-phase arrest by 2'
      deoxyadenosine.

PMID- 6577945
TI  - Strong evidence from studies with brachymorphic mice and pentachlorophenol that
      1'-sulfooxysafrole is the major ultimate electrophilic and carcinogenic
      metabolite of 1'-hydroxysafrole in mouse liver.
AB  - The role of sulfation of 1'-hydroxysafrole in the formation of hepatic
      macromolecular adducts and in hepatic tumor formation in mice given 1'
      hydroxysafrole was investigated by the use of: (a) mice treated with the specific
      sulfotransferase inhibitor pentachlorophenol; and (b) brachymorphic mice, which
      are characterized by a deficiency in the hepatic synthesis of 3'-phosphoadenosine
      5'-phosphosulfate. Cytosolic sulfotransferase activity for 1'-hydroxysafrole in
      both mouse and rat liver was significantly inhibited by 10 microM
      pentachlorophenol, usually by greater than 90%. Prior administration of nontoxic
      amounts of pentachlorophenol, either in the diet of adult female CD-1 mice or by
      i.p. injection of 12-day-old male C57BL/6 X C3H F1 (hereafter called B6C3F1)
      mice, resulted in an 85% decrease in the level of adducts formed from 1'
      hydroxysafrole in hepatic DNA and RNA as compared to those of non
      pentachlorophenol-treated animals. Likewise, the chronic administration of a
      nontoxic level of pentachlorophenol in the diet of adult female CD-1 mice
      strongly inhibited hepatic tumor induction by long-term dietary administration of
      either safrole or 1'-hydroxysafrole. Initiation of hepatic tumors by a single
      i.p. injection of 1'-hydroxysafrole to 12-day-old male B6C3F1 mice was strongly
      inhibited by prior treatment with pentachlorophenol. Under these conditions, the
      hepatocarcinogenicity of diethylnitrosamine was not inhibited by
      pentachlorophenol. Supplementation with adenosine triphosphate and sulfate of
      hepatic cytosols from adult female or 12-day-old brachymorphic progeny of a B6C3
      background outbred to B6C3F1 mice (B6C3F2), of either sex, resulted in 5- to 10
      fold less binding of 1'-hydroxysafrole to added RNA than when cytosols from
      phenotypically normal B6C3F2 mice were used. On administration of [3H]-1'
      hydroxysafrole to adult female or 12-day-old brachymorphic B6C3F2 mice of either
      sex, the levels of hepatic DNA and RNA adducts were 7- to 12-fold lower than
      those obtained in phenotypically normal B6C3F2 mice of the same age and sex.
      Brachymorphic mice were also much less responsive than their phenotypically
      normal littermates to the induction of liver tumors by 1'-hydroxysafrole; lower
      incidences were observed both when the carcinogen was fed chronically to adult
      females and when it was administered to males only prior to weaning. Thus, all of
      these data strongly support the conclusion that 1'-sulfooxysafrole is the major
      ultimate electrophilic and tumor-initiating metabolite of 1'-hydroxysafrole.

PMID- 6577946
TI  - Structure-activity relationships of a new series of retinoidal benzoic acid
      derivatives as measured by induction of differentiation of murine F9
      teratocarcinoma cells and human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells.
AB  - A new group of retinoids, which are 3-alkyl and 3-alkoxy derivatives of (E)-4-[2
      (5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2- naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl]-benzoic acid
      (TTNPB), has been synthesized. They were tested in vitro for biological activity
      by measuring induction of terminal differentiation in both murine F9
      teratocarcinoma cells and human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. In the F9
      assay, TTNPB was significantly more active (dose effective in achieving a half
      maximal response, 3 X 10(-9) M) than was all-trans-retinoic acid, while the 3
      methyl derivative of TTNPB was not. However, in the HL-60 assay, the 3-methyl
      derivative of TTNPB was more active (dose effective in achieving a half-maximal
      response, 2 X 10(-8) M) than was all-trans-retinoic acid, while TTNPB was less
      active. 3-Ethyl and 3-propyl derivatives were much less active than was all-trans
      retinoic acid in both assays. These new retinoids should be useful agents for
      experimental studies of both cancer prevention and treatment, as well as for
      investigation of the mechanism of action of retinoids in the control of cell
      differentiation.

PMID- 6577947
TI  - Covalent labeling of rat thymocyte and human lymphoid glucocorticoid receptor.
AB  - Lymphoid cells contain specific receptors for glucocorticoids. We have used
      [3H]dexamethasone-21-mesylate to label covalently glucocorticoid receptors in rat
      thymic lymphocytes and in neoplastic cells obtained from patients with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia and malignant lymphoma. The covalently labeled
      glucocorticoid receptors were identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
      (in the presence of 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate). In cytosolic fractions prepared
      from rat thymic lymphocytes, [3H]-dexamethasone-21-mesylate labels a protein (Mr
      approximately equal to 95,000) which was identified as the glucocorticoid
      receptor by the following criteria: (a) labeling of this moiety is inhibited by
      treatment with a 100-fold molar excess of glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone
      and triamcinolone acetonide; and (b) the covalently labeled Mr approximately
      equal to 95,000 protein is activated (by heating at 20 degrees for 30 min) to a
      form that binds to DNA-cellulose. When intact thymocytes are treated with
      [3H]dexamethasone-21-mesylate, an Mr approximately equal to 95,000 moiety is also
      labeled covalently. Approximately 35% of the glucocorticoid receptors can be
      labeled covalently when intact thymocytes are treated with 100 nM
      [3H]dexamethasone-21-mesylate for 30 min at 4 degrees. Neoplastic cells from
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia and malignant lymphoma were treated with
      [3H]dexamethasone-21-mesylate. In all samples, an Mr approximately equal to
      95,000 moiety was labeled covalently; labeling was inhibited by excess
      glucocorticoid. Smaller moieties were also identified by competition experiments;
      these may represent proteolytic fragments of the Mr approximately equal to 95,000
      receptor. Thus, in rat and human lymphoid cells, [3H]dexamethasone-21-mesylate
      can be used to label covalently the glucocorticoid receptor.

PMID- 6577948
TI  - Participation of pterins in the control of lymphocyte stimulation and lymphoblast
      proliferation.
AB  - Biopterin accumulation had been demonstrated as the result of normal and,
      especially, of malignant hemopoietic cell proliferation (Ziegler, I. et al. Blut,
      44: 231-240, and 261-270, 1982). Among 13 major intermediates of pterin
      metabolism and two lumazines, xanthopterin (but not dihydroxanthopterin) was
      found to inhibit cell proliferation (half-maximum inhibition at 1.8 X 10(-5) M)
      during concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte activation in pre-stimulated lymphocytes
      and in a lymphoid cell line grown in continuous culture (LS-2). LS-2 cells
      exposed to maximum inhibitor concentrations largely maintained the initial
      thymidine incorporation rate for about 40 hr but failed to enter logarithmic
      growth. Isoxanthopterin inhibition was found only in serum-free medium, since it
      is trapped by the alpha-acid glycoprotein present in the serum. The reduced
      biopterin derivatives, sepiapterin, dihydrobiopterin, and tetrahydrobiopterin,
      are costimulators during concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte activation. Their
      costimulatory effect follows an optimum curve and peaks at 1.5 to 3 X 10(-5) M.
      It is highest at the suboptimal and supraoptimal concanavalin A concentration.
      The D-erythro isomer dihydroneopterin was inactive. The results indicate that the
      anabolic-reduced biopterin derivatives are not simply lymphocytic products, but,
      in combination with the catabolites xanthopterin and isoxanthopterin, they also
      participate in the regulation of lymphocyte activation. Hence, they fulfill the
      criteria for lymphokines.

PMID- 6577949
TI  - Establishment and characterization of a transplantable rat myelomonocytic
      leukemia.
AB  - A transplantable myelomonocytic leukemia was established from a leukemia of a
      WKA/Hok rat which had been inoculated with Rauscher virus at birth. The tumor
      grew in ascites form in normal syngeneic rats and, after the middle stage of i.p.
      transplantation, leukemia cells consisting of a mixed population of monocytic and
      granulocytic cells were observed in the peripheral blood. A complement-dependent
      cytotoxicity test failed to demonstrate Rauscher virus-related antigen on the
      tumor cell surface. Membrane marker analysis revealed that most of the tumor
      cells possessed receptors for both complement and neuraminidase-treated sheep
      RBC. More than 90% of ascitic tumor cells displayed phagocytic activity and a
      positive nonspecific esterase reaction. Serum from rats bearing this tumor
      contained high levels of muramidase. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells resembled
      both immature and mature cells of the monocyte-macrophage series. On serial
      transplantation into the peritoneal cavity, the tumor displayed consistent
      differentiation from undifferentiated blast cells to monocytes and cells
      indistinguishable from granulocytes. The karyotype analysis revealed that the
      modal number of chromosomes of the tumor cells was 81, and no structural
      abnormalities of chromosomes were observed after quinacrine mustard staining.
      This transplantable leukemia will provide a useful experimental model for the
      study of granulocyte-monocyte differentiation and for human myelomonocytic
      leukemia.

PMID- 6577950
TI  - Cytotoxicity of thioether-lysophospholipids in leukemias and tumors of human
      origin.
AB  - Thioether-lysophospholipids inhibited the in vitro incorporation of [3H]thymidine
      into blasts of 8 leukemias, lymphocytes of 3 chronic lymphocytic leukemias, and
      cells of 12 different solid tumors of human origin. This effect correlated with
      trypan blue dye exclusion, which was used to assess cell damage. Scanning
      electron microscopy revealed severe membrane destruction after incubation with
      thioether-lysophospholipids. Cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of thioether
      lysophospholipids were dependent on dosage and incubation time. Destruction of
      leukemic blasts was completed with greater than or equal to 5 micrograms/ml after
      an incubation of greater than or equal to 48 hr, but 10 to 20 micrograms/ml were
      necessary in solid tumors. Ester-linked 2-lysophosphatidylcholine was ineffective
      in the same dose range, which points to the requirement of the alkyl moiety in
      SN1 of the molecule for the antineoplastic properties of lysophospholipid
      analogues.

PMID- 6577951
TI  - Expression of erythroid acetylcholinesterase in the K-562 leukemia cell line.
AB  - Differentiation-dependent expression of enzyme loci was evaluated in two human
      leukemic cell lines, the pluripotent leukemia cell line K-562 and the
      promyelocytic-like cell line HL-60. Acetylcholinesterase, a marker of erythroid
      differentiation, was present in K-562 cells and absent in HL-60 cells. This
      difference between the two lines was apparently unrelated to dosage effect; other
      enzymes carried on trisomic chromosomes in K-562 cells did not show dosage
      effect. Acetylcholinesterase activity was higher in subclone K-562 (S), which
      shows higher expression of hemoglobin. Electrophoretic mobility of
      acetylcholinesterase from K-562 (S) was of fetal type.

PMID- 6577953
TI  - Comparison of artificial caries-like lesions by quantitative microradiography and
      microhardness profiles.

PMID- 6577952
TI  - Increased whole-body protein turnover in sick children with newly diagnosed
      leukemia or lymphoma.
AB  - Using a single dose, [15N]glycine turnover technique, whole body rates of
      proteins synthesis and breakdown were assessed in six healthy children and in
      eight children with newly diagnosed leukemia (DeWys, W. D. Cancer Res., 42: 721s
      726s, 1982) or lymphoma (Baracos, V., Rodemann, H. P., Dinarello, C. A., and
      Goldberg, A. L. N. Engl. J. Med., 308: 553-558, 1983). Based on excretion of 15N
      as urinary ammonia, synthesis (g protein per kg body weight per day) was
      significantly (p less than 0.025) higher in the cancer patients [5.4 +/- 1.5
      (S.D.)] compared to the controls (3.6 +/- 0.9); breakdown was also higher (p less
      than 0.02) in the patients (5.5 +/- 1.8) compared to the controls (3.1 +/- 1.1).
      When only the seven patients with leukemia were considered, there also were
      significant increases in synthesis (5.4 +/- 1.6, p less than 0.05) and breakdown
      (5.4 +/- 1.9, p less than 0.025) compared to controls. Increases in both
      synthesis and breakdown were also observed in the patients when the protein
      turnover data were expressed as a function of the rate of creatinine excretion or
      the calculated lean body mass. We conclude that whole body protein turnover is
      increased in sick children at the time of diagnosis with some forms of newly
      diagnosed cancer.

PMID- 6577954
TI  - In vivo investigation on the fluoride content in and on human enamel after
      topical applications.

PMID- 6577955
TI  - Effects of flow rate and pH on calcium phosphate saturation in human parotid
      saliva.

PMID- 6577956
TI  - Chemical stability of carbonate- and fluoride-containing apatites.

PMID- 6577957
TI  - Effect of magnesium and fluoride on the fermentative dissolution of enamel by a
      streptococcal layer as measured by microhardness tester and a proton probe
      microanalysis.

PMID- 6577958
TI  - In vitro testing of a new system for monitoring pH at multiple sites.

PMID- 6577959
TI  - Binding of fluoride by oral bacteria.

PMID- 6577960
TI  - Influence of fluoride concentration on the progress of demineralization in bovine
      enamel at pH 4.5.

PMID- 6577961
TI  - Loosely bound fluoride extracted from natural carious lesions after topical
      application of APF in  vitro.

PMID- 6577962
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of plaque colonization on indwelling glass
      electrodes.

PMID- 6577963
TI  - Effects of varying intervals between meals on dental caries in rats.

PMID- 6577965
TI  - An interview with Donald E. Bentley, incoming ADA president.

PMID- 6577964
TI  - Fluoride concentration in whole and parotid saliva after application of fluoride
      varnishes.

PMID- 6577966
TI  - How the new tax laws affect Keogh retirement plans.

PMID- 6577967
TI  - Sargenti revisited.

PMID- 6577968
TI  - Cellular immune response to acetylcholine receptors in murine experimental
      autoimmune myasthenia gravis: inhibition with monoclonal anti-I-A antibodies.
AB  - Gene(s) at the I-A subregion of the murine major histocompatibility complex
      influence susceptibility to experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis. C57Bl/6
      mice immunized with acetylcholine receptors (AChR) in complete Freund's adjuvant
      demonstrated cellular and humoral immune responses to AChR. They developed muscle
      weakness characteristic of myasthenia gravis and demonstrated a reduction in the
      muscle AChR content. The kinetics of AChR-specific lymphocyte proliferation
      generally correlate with anti-AChR antibody response. AChR-specific lymphocyte
      proliferation was also observed in C57Bl/6 splenocytes after secondary
      immunization with AChR. The in vitro cellular reactivity to AChR in experimental
      autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) mice (C57Bl/6) was suppressed by monoclonal
      anti-I-Ab antibodies directed against private (Ia20) or public (Ia8)
      specificities, suggesting a critical role for these Ia determinants in the
      cellular immune response to AChR in murine EAMG.

PMID- 6577969
TI  - The retail alternative: what's in store for dentistry?

PMID- 6577970
TI  - G-actin and F-actin levels at different stages of mouse erythroid
      differentiation.
AB  - Monomeric (G-) actin and filamentous (F-) actin levels were determined in Triton
      X-100 extracts prepared from mouse erythroid cells at various stages of
      differentiation. G-actin and F-actin were found in the Triton-soluble fraction
      and in the Triton-insoluble fraction, respectively. G-actin levels in untreated
      and dimethyl sulfoxide-treated (differentiated) erythroleukemia cells,
      reticulocytes, and erythrocytes were 48, 33, 2.8, and 0.37 microgram/mg protein,
      respectively, and F-actin levels were 17, 35, 45, and 59 micrograms/mg protein,
      respectively. G-actin/F-actin ratios were successively lower in cells
      representing the more mature stages of development.

PMID- 6577971
TI  - [Effect of prostaglandins in the vaginal cytologic picture].

PMID- 6577972
TI  - Lack of inhibition by retinoids of bis(2-oxopropyl)nitrosamine-induced
      carcinogenesis in Syrian hamsters.
AB  - Syrian hamsters were treated with either a low (10 mg/kg body weight) or high (40
      mg/kg body weight) single dose of bis(2-oxopropyl)nitrosamine (BOP) and beginning
      1 week later fed either low (0.2 mmol/kg diet) or high (0.4-1.0 mmol/kg diet)
      levels of one of four retinoids [13 cis retinoic acid (13-cis-RA), N
      ethylretinamide (ERA), N-(2-hydroxyethyl)retinamide (OHERA) or N
      (phenyl)retinamide (PRA)] for periods of 40 or 50 weeks. The high retinoid levels
      (0.4-1.0 mmol/kg diet) fed following the highest BOP treatment enhanced
      pancreatic carcinoma yields (average number/effective animal) in males fed all
      four retinoids, and in females fed ERA and 13-cis-RA. Enhanced adenoma yields
      were also seen in all groups when high retinoid levels were fed following 40 mg
      BOP/kg body weight. However, these retinoid levels caused an increased adenoma
      yield in male hamsters only and did not modify carcinoma yields when fed
      following 10 mg BOP/kg body weight. Similarly, tumor yields at extra-pancreatic
      sites were elevated in retinoid-fed hamsters of both sexes after 40 mg BOP/kg
      body weight and in males fed ERA and 13-cis-RA after 10 mg BOP/kg body weight
      when retinoids were given at the high levels (0.4-1.0 mmol/kg diet). Increased
      incidences of bile duct and liver tumors in particular were found in hamsters
      given 40 mg BOP/kg body weight. Consumption of retinoid levels of 0.4 mmol/kg
      diet and above was also associated with a high incidence of liver cell necrosis,
      ovarian cysts and ovarian hemorrhage. Retinoids (ERA, OHERA, and PRA) fed at the
      low level (0.2 mmol/kg diet) following the low BOP dose did not enhance
      carcinogenesis in the pancreas or at other sites and did not cause alterations in
      morphologic observations.

PMID- 6577973
TI  - Rx: antibiotics. (But which one)?

PMID- 6577974
TI  - Charting your flight plan for job satisfaction.

PMID- 6577975
TI  - Hypertension and type A behavior.

PMID- 6577976
TI  - Special motivation for patients with braces.

PMID- 6577977
TI  - Assisting in periodontics. An overview.

PMID- 6577978
TI  - Preparing patients for anesthesia.

PMID- 6577979
TI  - The employee benefits package: from future to now.

PMID- 6577980
TI  - Plasma and lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the Pima
      Indians: distributions differing from those of Caucasians.
AB  - Plasma and lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were measured
      in Pima Indians, a genetically homogeneous population with a high prevalence of
      obesity and diabetes and a low frequency of coronary heart disease. The data for
      nondiabetic Pima Indians were compared with those of U.S. Caucasians measured
      during the Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence Study. Plasma total and low-density
      lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in Pima men older than 30 years of age and
      in women over 25 were lower than those of U.S. Caucasians, and in men the total
      and LDL cholesterol levels did not increase with age. In Pima male subjects of
      all ages high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were lower than that
      in Caucasian male subjects, and in Pima female subjects HDL cholesterol levels
      averaged 11 mg/dl lower than those in female Caucasian subjects. On the other
      hand, plasma triglyceride levels in Pima male subjects up to 35 years of age and
      in female subjects up to 55 years old were higher than those of Caucasians.
      Comparison of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels in Pima male and female
      subjects showed the same relationships as those in Caucasians (i.e., higher in
      male subjects until the older age groups), but Pima male and female subjects had
      similar HDL cholesterol levels. There was a strong negative correlation between
      obesity and HDL cholesterol levels in Pimas. Obesity appeared to account for the
      lower HDL cholesterol levels in Pima male subjects compared with that in
      Caucasian male subjects, but obesity could not explain the lack of differences
      between the sexes in HDL levels in the Pimas. Triglyceride levels correlated
      positively with obesity in the Pimas, but the relationship was not as strong as
      that reported for Caucasians. The results indicate that there are differences in
      lipoprotein distributions between Pimas and U.S. Caucasians; the relationship
      between lipoprotein levels and the incidence of coronary disease in the Pimas
      must be determined.

PMID- 6577982
TI  - Speech segment durations produced by five and six year old speakers with and
      without cleft palates.
AB  - Speech segment durations are indicators of the ability to coordinate speech
      gestures. Development of such temporal aspects of production in the presence of
      velopharyngeal insufficiency has not been investigated. The present study used
      spectrograms to measure segment durations in utterances produced by 5 and 6 year
      old children with and without congenital cleft palates. Subjects had varying
      degrees of hypernasality and overall intelligibility. Five consonant-vowel
      consonant nonsense syllables were formed using /p/, /t/, /k/, /t integral of/,
      and /s/. The carrier phrases included a single word context, a sentence
      containing nonnasal sounds, and a sentence with nasals. Experimental group
      segments were significantly longer than normal in the single word and nasal
      sentence contexts. Both the syllable and total sentence durations were prolonged.
      The stop gap of the plosive and affricate consonants was the most deviant
      individual acoustic segment. Subjects with hypernasality and decreased
      intelligibility had voice onset times which were significantly longer than those
      produced by subjects with less disordered speech.

PMID- 6577981
TI  - Kinetic enzymic method for automated determination of total cholesterol in serum.
AB  - We describe a rapid, kinetic, fixed-time method for determining serum total
      cholesterol by use of cholesterol esterase, cholesterol oxidase, and the
      indicator reaction with peroxidase, 4-aminophenazone, and phenol. On addition of
      the competitive inhibitor 3,4-dichlorophenol the Michaelis constant of
      cholesterol oxidase is apparently increased, which extends the linear relation
      between absorbance change and cholesterol concentration to 20.7 to 25.9 mmol/L,
      depending on the analyzer being used. For calibration, a single standard is used.
      Total analysis time is in the range of 80 to 210 s. Incubation temperature is 25
      degrees C or 37 degrees C. The single-reagent procedure has been adapted to three
      different centrifugal analyzers and to the Eppendorf ACP 5040 analyzer. It yields
      precise and accurate results and is insensitive to potential interferences.

PMID- 6577983
TI  - Reliability of the nasopharyngeal fiberscope (NPF) for assessing velopharyngeal
      function: analysis by judgment.
AB  - The reliability and validity of data about velopharyngeal function obtained with
      the nasopharyngeal fiberscope was assessed in normal subjects. The experimental
      design included data reduction procedures that are likely to have clinical
      utility (clinical ratings). The results indicated that relative velar movement
      and size of the velopharyngeal port may be reliably and validly estimated using
      the procedures. However NPF estimates of lateral pharyngeal wall movement were
      not reliable. Finally, the data indicated that velar movement and size of V-P
      port were consistent within subjects and tasks across data collection sessions.
      Data about consistency of lateral wall movement across sessions was inconclusive,
      however. Additional research involving similar procedures with subjects who have
      morphologic deficits is indicated.

PMID- 6577984
TI  - Velopharyngeal incompetency in the absence of overt cleft palate: anatomic and
      surgical considerations.
AB  - Fifty-two patients with velopharyngeal incompetency without overt cleft palate
      underwent pharyngeal flap surgery. Surgery included exploration of the soft
      palate and reconstruction of the levator muscles. Four patients had a completely
      normal hard and soft palate. In two patients, the palatal musculature was normal
      but a U-shaped defect of the posterior hard palate was palpable. Seventeen
      patients had a diagnosis of submucous cleft palate made preoperatively and of
      these thirteen presented with the classic triad of a bifid uvula, a palpable
      abnormality of the hard palate and diastasis of the soft palate musculature. In
      thirteen patients a notch was found in the hard palate and in one patient a U
      shaped defect was palpable at the posterior edge of the hard palate. Three
      patients presented no abnormality of the hard palate. One patient's uvula was
      normal. In the remaining twenty-nine patients, all demonstrated abnormal
      insertion of the palate muscles into the hard palate. In fifteen of these
      patients the hard palate was normal. In nine of the patients a U-shaped defect
      was palpable at the posterior hard palate and in three patients a notch was
      palpable. Thus, forty-eight of fifty-two patients (92%) demonstrated abnormal
      anatomy of the palate responsible for their velopharyngeal incompetency.

PMID- 6577985
TI  - The anatomy of the auditory tube and paratubal musculature in a one month old
      cleft palate infant.
AB  - The auditory tube, middle and inner ear, and paratubal musculature were removed
      en bloc at autopsy from a 1 month old white cleft palate female. The specimen was
      serially sectioned in a coronal plane and studied under light microscopy. Severe
      inflammatory changes were observed in the middle ear and osseous portion of the
      auditory tube in association with the presence of a middle ear effusion. While
      the posterior tubal lumen, tubal cartilage, and tensor veli palatini (TVP) and
      tensor tympani muscles were similar to those of an age-matched control specimen,
      the anterior tubal lumen was seen to be superoinferiorly abbreviated with a large
      intrusive malpositioned levator veli palatini (LVP) muscle occupying the inferior
      tubal floor. This muscle was noted to divide into two bundles on proceeding
      posteriorly with the more superior bundle taking an abnormal origin from the
      inferior surface of the tube. The luminal compression observed in this specimen
      is reminiscent of that previously described in cleft fetuses though the abnormal
      morphology of the LVP muscle has not been reported for the few cleft palate
      specimens studied. It is probable that this morphology is idiomatic to the
      present specimen and not a characteristic of the cleft palate condition.

PMID- 6577986
TI  - Cleft type and sex differences in craniofacial growth in clefting from one month
      to ten years.
AB  - Craniofacial growth of 145 children born with a cleft was studied by analyzing
      the sex and cleft-type differences for 11 linear dimensions and three angular
      relationships as observed on lateral x-ray headfilms. The sample consisted of 58
      children with complete unilateral cleft of lip and palate (UCLP), 29 children
      with complete bilateral cleft of lip and palate (BCLP), and 58 children with
      cleft of palate only (CPO). None of these children had any syndrome at the time
      of birth. The growth was studied for the first postnatal decade. The data were
      analyzed by stepwise discriminant analysis and univariate analysis of variance.
      The results show that differences in cranial base size are associated with sex
      and not with cleft type. Differences in cranial base angle are associated with
      cleft-type but in case of females only. Face heights do not differ across cleft
      types but they do differ across sexes when CPO is involved. Cleft type
      differences are observed for midfacial depths and basifacial angle but sex
      differences are observed only when CPO is involved. The mandibular dimensions do
      not differ with cleft type. Gonial angle shows sex differences for BCLP only. The
      body length also varies with sex when CPO is involved.

PMID- 6577987
TI  - Cleft lip and palate, corneal opacities and profound psychomotor retardation. A
      newly recognized genetic syndrome?
AB  - Clinical histories and physical features of two sisters affected with a
      previously unreported syndrome are presented with illustrations. The
      manifestations were profound postnatal growth and psychomotor retardation,
      hydrocephaly, cleft lip and palate, corneal opacities, central nervous system
      impairment, and genitourinary anomalies. Four other siblings, two males and two
      females and the parents of the affected were examined and found to be normal.
      Infectious, metabolic, and chromosomal etiologies were excluded by appropriate
      studies. The most likely pattern of inheritance is autosomal recessive.

PMID- 6577988
TI  - Cleft lip and palate due to deficiency of mesencephalic neural crest cells.
AB  - The mesencephalic crest was partially eliminated in chick embryos by means of
      tangential microlaser. The heads of the surviving embryos were serially sectioned
      and microscopically studied. A deficiency of mesenshyme in the anlage of the
      maxillary process was observed in 4 of the 42 embryos sacrificed after 24 hours,
      on the side of irradiation. Among the 99 surviving embryos sacrificed at the ages
      of 7 or 12 days, 26 showed a unilateral cleft lip, a wide palatal cleft or a
      combination of these anomalies. It is concluded that cleft lip and palate can
      result from insufficient growth of the mesenchyme in the maxillary process caused
      by partial deficiency of mesencephalic neural crest cells.

PMID- 6577989
TI  - The nasopharyngeal fiber-scope.

PMID- 6577990
TI  - Determination of free and total cholesterol in human bile samples using an enzyme
      electrode.
AB  - A reliable cholesterol electrode was assembled with a Clark type oxygen electrode
      and cholesterol oxidase immobilised on a nylon net fixed on the electrode
      surface. Determination of free (unesterified) and total (esterified and
      unesterified) cholesterol in human bile samples was performed. Results were
      compared with the enzymatic-spectrophotometric procedure based on the Roeschlau
      method. The electrode has a usable life of more than two weeks, and more than 300
      determinations could be performed. The CV values for free and total cholesterol
      in bile samples is 5-6%. The comparison between the proposed procedure and the
      spectrophotometric procedure is fair for the half of the results (delta less than
      5%) and acceptable in the other half (delta less than 25%).

PMID- 6577991
TI  - A long-term study of the effects of norethisterone on lipoprotein metabolism in
      menopausal women.
AB  - Long-term effects of the androgenic progestogen norethisterone on lipoprotein
      metabolism were studied by measuring lipoprotein concentrations in 21 women
      during one year on treatment for the relief of climacteric symptoms. There were
      significant reductions in total serum triglyceride (p less than 0.01), very low
      density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol (p less than 0.01) and high density
      lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p less than 0.001) after two months on treatment,
      all of which were still in evidence after one year. Low density lipoprotein (LDL)
      cholesterol levels climbed gradually becoming significantly higher than baseline
      after one year on treatment (p less than 0.01). Comparison of cholesterol
      concentrations in HDL subfractions in the one year treated subjects with those in
      a control group of untreated subjects suggests that the fall in HDL cholesterol
      is due to reductions in both the HDL2 and HDL3 fractions. We conclude that
      norethisterone adversely affects the important lipoprotein risk factors for
      coronary heart disease.

PMID- 6577992
TI  - [Partial enzyme deficiency in Prader syndrome].

PMID- 6577993
TI  - Predicting zygosity in Norwegian twin pairs born 1915-1960.
AB  - Present addresses of 12,752 like-sexed twin pairs born in the period 1915-1960
      were identified. A questionnaire, concerning the similarity of pair members, was
      sent to all individuals. Responses were obtained from 83.7% of the subjects. The
      zygosity of 207 pairs was established by examination of genetic markers. By using
      discriminant analysis on the responses from this subgroup, functions were
      obtained for prediction of zygosity from questionnaire data. It was estimated
      that 2.4% of the pairs would be misclassified if the questionnaire responses from
      both pair members were used, and 3.9% if only the response from one of the twins
      was used. Accordingly, zygosity could be predicted with satisfactory reliability
      also for twin pairs where only one of the twins had responded. The predicted
      percentage of monozygotic (MZ) pairs among pairs where one or both twins had
      responded, was 39.4 (4,402/11,175). The percentage of MZ pairs was significantly
      lower (34.5) in death-discordant pairs than in pairs in which both twins were
      alive (39.6). The zygosity questionnaire data are sufficient to adequately score
      twin pairs for zygosity in the great majority of cases.

PMID- 6577994
TI  - A probable monogenic form of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia.
AB  - A 37 year-old female patient with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (PFD) is
      described. She presented the typical "cafe au lait" spots and severe bone
      involvement including a maxillary osteosarcoma. The father, four sibs, two
      nephews, two paternal aunts and two paternal first cousins were clinically
      examined, and seven of them also radiologically evaluated. "Cafe au lait" spots
      were found in the father, three sibs, one nephew, one aunt and one first cousin.
      Although no definite PFD bone lesions, mild radiological abnormalities were found
      in the father, three sibs and one nephew. These findings were interpreted as the
      variable expression of a pleiotropic gene. The present observation and three
      previous familial cases of this entity strongly suggest the existence of a form
      of PFD determined by an autosomal dominant gene.

PMID- 6577995
TI  - HLA and ABO antigens in malignant choroidal melanoma.
AB  - Comparisons of the HLA antigen frequencies in normal controls and in different
      subsets of patients with malignant choroidal melanoma, partitioned on the basis
      of histological tumour cell types and inclusion of the splits of all the HLA-A
      and -B locus antigens, revealed significant heterogenity only in HLA-B (P =
      0.043) in the 'pure spindle' cell type choroidal melanomas. In the 'not pure
      spindle' cell type choroidal melanomas, borderline heterogenity in HLA-B (P =
      0.064) was observed. A comparison of the HLA antigen frequencies in the 'pure'
      and 'not pure spindle' cell choroidal melanoma patients revealed only one antigen
      with a significant difference before correction, namely B27. A significant
      difference in ABO bloodgroup distributions, divided into O and non-O, in the two
      tumour classes was observed (Exact P(1) = 0.0036).

PMID- 6577996
TI  - Expression of HLA-DR antigens by colonic epithelium in inflammatory bowel
      disease.
AB  - The expression of HLA-DR and HLA-A,B,C antigens by human colonic epithelium has
      been examined in tissue sections of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
      using an immunohistological technique. Colonic epithelial cells from all 21
      control subjects with histologically normal colonic mucosa were HLA-DR-. In
      contrast, in nine of 13 patients with active ulcerative colitis and 11 of 12 with
      active Crohn's disease the epithelium of involved colonic mucosa was HLA-DR+. HLA
      DR antigens were found on the epithelium of only one of six patients with
      ulcerative colitis in remission and one of three with inactive Crohn's disease.
      Moreover, these antigens were not present on the epithelium of non-inflamed
      colonic mucosa in two patients with Crohn's disease in whom adjacent involved
      mucosa showed strong epithelial reactivity. This difference between patients with
      active and those with inactive disease is highly significant (P less than 0.005).
      These findings provide further evidence of the importance of cell-mediated immune
      mechanisms in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.

PMID- 6577997
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin E2 on adult pig articular cartilage slices in culture.
AB  - Confirming earlier work by other investigators in isolated chondrocyte cultures,
      prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (25 micrograms/ml) causes rapid inhibition of in vitro
      articular cartilage proteoglycan synthesis in adult pig cartilage slices. The
      potential impact of E prostaglandins on articular cartilage should be considered
      in clinical situations associated with elevated intra-articular prostaglandin
      levels (trauma, meniscal injury, arthritis, etc.).

PMID- 6577998
TI  - Simultaneous multifocal sarcomatous degeneration in Paget's disease of bone. A
      hypothesis.
AB  - Multisite pagetic sarcoma was present in three of 18 patients with pagetic
      sarcomas treated during a 12-year period at two centers. A hypothesis of
      multifocal origin of the tumor is supported by the sarcoma arising only in
      pagetic bone, the infrequency of metastases to bone, evidence of multiple sites
      at presentation, and the rarity of new lesions developing in bone under
      observation. Survival was shorter with multisite disease than with other pagetic
      sarcomas.

PMID- 6577999
TI  - Decreased gallium uptake in acute hematogenous osteomyelitis.
AB  - Decreased radiopharmaceutical uptake was noted on both bone and gallium scans in
      the case of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis of the right ilium (acetabular
      roof). This combination of findings is probably rare. The mechanism of decreased
      gallium uptake is unknown, but may be related to decreased blood flow.

PMID- 6578000
TI  - Detection of renal metastasis of osteosarcoma by bone scan.

PMID- 6578001
TI  - Orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6578002
TI  - Busyness & professionalism (striking a balance).

PMID- 6578003
TI  - Antihypertensive effect of indapamide with special emphasis on renal
      prostaglandin production.
AB  - A study was undertaken in 19 patients with benign to moderate essential
      hypertension to verify the effect of indapamide alone or combined with a beta
      blocker on plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, serum potassium and urinary
      prostaglandins PGE2 and PGF2a. Blood pressure was normalized in 11 (58%) patients
      with 2.5 mg indapamide/day. In the remaining 8 patients, the addition of pindolol
      resulted in blood pressure control. Under indapamide, a 70% increase in plasma
      renin activity and 81% (p less than 0.01) in plasma aldosterone was observed,
      whereas there was an 18% (p less than 0.001) decrease in potassium.
      Simultaneously, an increase in urinary PGE2 and PGF2a was observed; these values
      were significant for PGE2 (p less than 0.025). The addition of pindolol did not
      produce significant change in the biochemical parameters measured. The increase
      in the excretion rate of primary prostaglandins could play a role in the mode of
      action of indapamide.

PMID- 6578004
TI  - Mechanisms involved in the spontaneous occurrence of diploid-triploid chimerism
      in the mink (Mustela vison) and chicken (Gallus domesticus).
AB  - Diploid-triploid chimeras have been observed both in man and in a number of
      laboratory and livestock animals. The mechanism(s) of their origin remains
      enigmatic. One approach is to calculate for each proposed mechanism the expected
      frequencies of zygotes bearing different gonosomic complements in the two cell
      lines. Observed samples are then compared with the expectations. The mechanisms
      that have been considered include: (1) fertilization of a blastomere, (2)
      absorption of the second polar body into a blastomere, (3) fertilization of the
      first polar body, (4) independent fertilization of both nuclei in binucleated
      oocytes, (5) fertilization of the second polar body as well as the egg, and (6)
      fusion of two eggs. The sample of minks comprised three preimplantation embryos,
      nine postimplantation embryos, and three neonatal pups, with gonosomic
      complements of 7 XX/XXX, 3 XX/XXY, 4XY/XXY, and 1 XY/XYY; the chicks comprised 13
      embryos at 1 day of incubation, 1 embryo at 4 days, and one adult bird, with
      gonosomic complements of 5 ZZ/ZZZ, 1 ZZ/ZZW, 1 ZW/ZZZ, 3 ZW/ZZW, and 5 ZW/ZWW. If
      it is assumed that within each species all, or most, of the 2n/3n chimeras arise
      from the same mechanism, then the occurrence of a type that has an expected
      frequency of zero for a given proposed mechanism effectively eliminates that
      mechanism as a source. All of the chicks could have resulted from only one
      mechanism, viz., independent fertilization of both nuclei in binucleated oocytes.
      The sample of minks could have resulted from the same mechanism or from
      fertilization of a blastomere of a two-cell, 2n embryo.

PMID- 6578005
TI  - Two new X-autosome translocations in the mouse.
AB  - The reciprocal translocations T(X;4)37H and T(X;11)38H were induced by acute X
      irradiation of spermatozoa. Male heterozygotes are completely aspermic with a
      spermatogenic block at pachytene and testis masses about one third of normal,
      though metaphase I is very occasionally reached in T37H. For both translocations
      the X chromosome breakpoints are in band XA2, and the autosomal breakpoints are
      in 4D3 for T37H and 11E1 for T38H, leading to long and short marker chromosomes.
      Chain quadrivalents predominated in oocytes at MI, with no rings; there were 32%
      trivalent + univalent configurations in T37H and 40% in T38H. These generated (1)
      XO mice, (2) tertiary trisomics carrying 20 bivalents and the small X4 (T37H) or
      X11 (T38H) markers. These trisomics were apparently lethal in T37H but sub-viable
      in T38H and sometimes fertile as XX11 and trisomic XXX11 females, though sterile
      as XX11Y males. However, many developed exencephaly in utero, probably because of
      the distal duplication on chromosome 11. No tertiary monosomics were found in 12
      to 14 day embryos. Seven percent of all female progeny were XO, with a higher
      than expected frequency in T37H and a lower than expected one in T38H. T37H is
      about two units and T38H about five units from the spf locus on the X chromosome
      with evidence for some crossover suppression between the T38H breakpoint and Ta.
      Autosomal linkages found were T37H-m-b (R.F. of 16 +/- 4% between T37H and m) and
      T38H-Rewc (R.F. of 5 +/- 3%). T37H/+ females weighed about 10% less than normal
      females at birth and about 30% less at weaning; there was little if any effect in
      T38H/+ females or in males carrying either translocation. Neither translocation
      had any marked effect on viability. T37H/+ females showed variegation when
      heterozygous for b with the wild type allele in the long 4X marker. On average,
      about 20% of the coat was brown rather than black. However, no clear evidence for
      m variegation was found.

PMID- 6578006
TI  - Home care for a better life for ventilator-dependent people.

PMID- 6578007
TI  - Additive pulmonary toxicity with melphalan and busulfan therapy.
AB  - We report a 59-year-old patient with chronic myeloid leukemia, who developed
      severe interstitial lung fibrosis after short term and sequential treatment with
      melphalan and busulfan. The probable additive toxicity of both agents on the
      pulmonary tissue is discussed.

PMID- 6578008
TI  - [Penicillamine-induced myasthenia gravis].

PMID- 6578009
TI  - [So-called "negative list" and its consequences for pharmacotherapy by dentists].

PMID- 6578010
TI  - [Psychosomatic study of amalgam fillings-associated complaints].

PMID- 6578011
TI  - [Personality profile and personality development of patients with functional
      disorders of the masticatory system].

PMID- 6578012
TI  - [Measurement of the pH values under the prostheses in patients with stomatitis
      prothetica].

PMID- 6578013
TI  - [Clinical trials of the reproducibility of hinge axis localization. Preliminary
      results of a follow-up study].

PMID- 6578014
TI  - [Preoperative planning of delayed care for individual tooth gaps using implants].

PMID- 6578015
TI  - [Fluoride ion concentrations in the serum and mixed saliva after the topical
      application of Elmex Fluid].

PMID- 6578016
TI  - [Alignment of the anterior teeth--the individual incisor angle and the ideal
      axial position of upper and lower anterior teeth].

PMID- 6578017
TI  - [Dependence of anterior tooth guidance on the condyle path].

PMID- 6578018
TI  - [Anatomical studies in the retromolar area of the edentulous mandible].

PMID- 6578019
TI  - [Microdetermination of fluorides in body fluids with the combined ion-selective
      hanging-drop electrode].

PMID- 6578020
TI  - [Effect of different forms of osteosynthesis on the temporomandibular joint in
      the correction of mandibular prognathism].

PMID- 6578021
TI  - [Findings in "nursing-bottle caries"].

PMID- 6578022
TI  - [Malignant lymphomas in the area of the jaw and face].

PMID- 6578023
TI  - [Disinfection of silicone impressions, the study of their form stability and
      compatibility with plaster of Paris].

PMID- 6578024
TI  - [Deviations of the individual interincisal angle and ideal axis position of upper
      and lower front teeth (comparative study between a dysgnathic group and a normal
      group)].

PMID- 6578025
TI  - [Functional adaptation of masticatory muscles as a result of large increases in
      the vertical occlusion].

PMID- 6578026
TI  - [Enlargement of the occlusal field by grinding].

PMID- 6578027
TI  - [Tooth, skeletal and height age in patients with hypophyseal dwarfism].

PMID- 6578028
TI  - [Vestibuloplasty of the maxilla with palatal split mucous membrane transplants.
      Technic and results].

PMID- 6578029
TI  - [Immunologic structure analysis of supramarginal dental calculus].

PMID- 6578030
TI  - [Health status of dental patients. Exploration of 1753 newly admitted cases].

PMID- 6578032
TI  - [Removable dentures for children].

PMID- 6578031
TI  - Effects of estradiol on prostaglandin F2 alpha levels in primary monolayer
      cultures of epithelial cells from human proliferative endometrium.
AB  - Primary monolayer cultures of glandular epithelial or stromal cells isolated from
      human proliferative endometrium release prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) into
      the medium. In epithelial cell cultures maintained in medium containing charcoal
      stripped calf serum, estradiol (10(-8) M) increased the levels of PGF2 alpha 2.5-
      to 5-fold during the first 24 h and as much as 40-fold during the second and
      third days in culture. A similar response was seen with estradiol at a
      concentration of 10(-10) M. The response to estradiol was only about half as
      great in medium containing untreated calf serum. Preliminary measurements of PGF2
      alpha levels in stromal cell cultures showed that estradiol did not increase PGF2
      alpha levels in the medium and even reduced it in some preparations. The
      estradiol-stimulated increase in PGF2 alpha levels in the epithelial cell
      cultures contrasts with the lack of responsiveness of proliferative endometrium
      in organ culture. This finding suggests that the ability of glands to respond to
      estradiol is repressed in proliferative endometrium.

PMID- 6578033
TI  - [Precancerous lesions of the mouth: leukoplakia].

PMID- 6578035
TI  - [Periodontal disease and occlusion].

PMID- 6578034
TI  - [Precancerous lesions of the mouth: lichen planus and other processes].

PMID- 6578036
TI  - [Transfer and adjustment of semi-adjustable articulators].

PMID- 6578037
TI  - On the formation of an oxygen-tolerant three-component nitrogenase complex from
      Azotobacter vinelandii.
AB  - Conditions are defined in which the oxygen-labile nitrogenase components from
      Azotobacter vinelandii can be protected against oxygen inactivation by the so
      called Fe/S protein II. It is demonstrated that oxygen protection can be achieved
      by complex formation of the three proteins. Complex formation was studied by gel
      chromatography. Only when the three proteins are in the oxidized state and MgCl2
      is present, can an oxygen-tolerant complex be isolated. Quantitative
      SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of such complexes, yielded an average
      ratio of nitrogenase component 2/nitrogenase component 1 (Av2/Av1) of 2.4 +/-
      0.5. Protection by Fe/S protein II was correlated with the amount of [2 Fe-2S]
      clusters present in the protein and not by the amount of protein. Measurements of
      the amount of iron and sulfide of Fe/S protein II showed that the iron and
      sulfide content of the protein was variable. The maximum values found indicate
      that Fe/S protein II contains two [2Fe-2S] clusters per dimer of 26 kDa. Full
      protection by Fe/S protein II was obtained with a ratio of Fe/S protein II/Av1 of
      1.1 +/- 0.2; the Fe/S protein II containing two [2Fe-2S] clusters per dimer of 26
      kDa. When Fe/S protein II contains less [2Fe-2S] clusters, more protein is
      necessary to obtain full protection. The three-component nitrogenase complex is
      also oxygen stable in the presence of MgATP or MgADP. Analysis in the
      ultracentrifuge showed that the major fraction of the reconstituted complex has a
      sedimentation coefficient centered around 34S. A small fraction (less than 30%)
      sediments with values centered around 111 S. This suggests an average mass for
      the oxygen-stable nitrogenase complex of 1.5 MDa. Taking into account the
      determined stoichiometry of the individual proteins, the molecular composition of
      the oxygen-stable nitrogenase complex is presumably 4 molecules of AV1,8--12
      molecules of aAV2 and 4--6 molecules of Fe/S protein II containing two [2Fe-2S]
      clusters per dimer of 26 kDa.

PMID- 6578038
TI  - Central inhibitory action of prostaglandin E2 on gastric secretion in the rat.
AB  - The central nervous system action of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on gastric secretion
      was studied in conscious pylorus-ligated rats. It was found that 1-10 micrograms
      of PGE2 given i.c.v. reduced the gastric output of acid, pepsin and fluid in a
      dose-dependent manner whereas 30-300 micrograms was required for inhibition when
      given subcutaneously. Given i.c.v. 400 micrograms of indomethacin, a potent
      inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, enhanced gastric secretion but not when
      given intramuscularly. It is concluded that PGE2 has a central inhibitory action
      on gastric secretion in conscious rats. In addition, the possibility that PGE2
      may be involved as inhibitory modulator in the central control of gastric
      secretion warrants further attention.

PMID- 6578039
TI  - Apical root resorption in upper anterior teeth.

PMID- 6578040
TI  - The effect of nailbiting on root resorption during orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 6578041
TI  - Prediction of the pubertal growth spurt by measurement of standing height.

PMID- 6578042
TI  - An evaluation of the method of structural growth prediction.

PMID- 6578043
TI  - Head posture and masticatory muscle function. An EMG investigation.

PMID- 6578044
TI  - Anterior vertical changes in function regulator therapy.

PMID- 6578045
TI  - The reliability of study model measurement in the evaluation of crowding.

PMID- 6578046
TI  - A comparison of cephalometric norms for the African Bantu and a caucasoid
      population.

PMID- 6578048
TI  - Sagittal dimensions of the anterior cranial base, maxilla and mandibular body in
      newborn male infants.

PMID- 6578047
TI  - Dentofacial cephalometric analysis in adult Greeks with normal occlusion.

PMID- 6578049
TI  - Morphological analysis of cases with ectopic eruption of the maxillary first
      permanent molar.

PMID- 6578050
TI  - Functional and phenotypic characterization of two HL60 clones resistant to
      dimethylsulfoxide.
AB  - Two HL60 clones (C12 and C13) totally insensitive to differentiation induction by
      dimethylsulfoxide (Me2SO) are described. They have been growing continuously in
      the presence of the inducer for more than 6 months. The morphological and
      cytochemical features of the two populations are quite similar to those of the
      original HL60 cell line, whereas a different karyotype with marked hyperploidy
      (modal chromosome number of 86 for C12 and 82 for C13) was detected. An antigenic
      pattern analogous to that of the native HL60 cell line was found in C12 and C13
      populations using three monoclonal antibodies differently reactive to myeloid
      cells. Both clones can be induced to differentiate by retinoic acid (RA) and 12-O
      tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). The pattern of differentiation was
      assessed by morphological, cytochemical, phenotypical and functional markers.
      Differentiation of C12 cells by RA and TPA was similar to that observed with
      native HL60 cells, whereas C13 cells showed lower degrees of sensitivity to RA
      and TPA. The data presented suggest the existence of different mechanisms for
      induction of differentiation by Me2SO, RA and TPA. In addition, they are in
      accordance with previous observations of different degrees of inducibility to
      differentiation among leukemic cell populations in culture.

PMID- 6578052
TI  - Expression of differentiation and age-related antigens on chicken erythroleukemia
      cells transformed by avian erythroblastosis virus (AEV).
AB  - Immature circulating chicken red cells express on their surface two antigenic
      molecules referred to as Im 48 kD and Im 140 kD antigens. The Im 140 kD antigen
      is not present beyond the erythroblast stage while the expression of Im 48 kD
      antigenic molecule remains detectable on circulating erythrocytes of embryos and
      young chickens, but not on erythrocytes of adult animals. In addition to Im 48 kD
      and Im 140 kD antigens, the avian erythroblastosis virus (AEV)-transformed
      erythroid cells express two novel high molecular weight (MW) immature antigens
      referred to as Im 150 kD and Im 160 kD. Since the transformed erythroid cells are
      apparently blocked at a stage close to the colony-forming units erythrocytic (CFU
      E), these molecules might be expressed on these progenitor cells. The age-related
      antigenic molecules referred to as E1 48 kD and A 40 kD/A 85 kD antigens are
      detected on erythrocytes of embryos (and young chickens) and adult animals
      respectively. The E1 48 kD antigen as well as an antigen related to the A 40 kD
      were also detected on AEV-transformed erythroid cells deriving from both young
      chicken bone marrow and yolk sac. The presence of an adult antigen on the
      embryonic cells might well be related to the transformation by AEV, since the
      yolk sac CFU-E progenitor cells do not bear the adult antigenicity.

PMID- 6578053
TI  - Growth pattern and function of bone marrow fibroblasts from normal and acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia patients.
AB  - Studies were conducted on cultures of adherent cells derived from bone marrow of
      normal (N-BMF) and ALL (ALL-BMF) children. Quiescent cultures of both types of
      cells are differentially stimulated to synthesize DNA by serum. A 31-fold
      increase was observed in N-BMF, while in ALL-BMF, serum stimulates DNA synthesis
      only up to 7 times. Hydrocortisone (10(-8) M) inhibited up to 50% the effect of
      serum on DNA synthesis in N-BMF and had no effect in ALL-BMF. Glucocorticoid
      receptors, already described in N-BMF, are either absent or present in low
      amounts in ALL-BMF. These results indicate that stromal cells from normal and ALL
      bone marrow differ both in growth pattern and function.

PMID- 6578051
TI  - Phorbol ester-associated changes in ganglioside metabolism.
AB  - The effect of phorbol esters on ganglioside metabolism in contact-inhibited
      Chinese hamster V79 cells was examined. Three phorbol esters of varying structure
      and tumor-promoting activity were used. Treatment of cells with tumor-promoting
      phorbol esters resulted in accumulation of gangliosides and increased
      incorporation of [1-14C]palmitate and [9-3H]sialic acid into gangliosides.
      Moreover, the phorbol esters were found to increase the activity of CMP-sialic
      acid: lactosylceramide sialyltransferase, the enzyme catalysing the first step in
      ganglioside biosynthesis. The magnitude of phorbol ester effects on V79 cell
      ganglioside metabolism correlated with the in vivo phorbol ester tumor-promoting
      activity.

PMID- 6578054
TI  - The distribution and assessment of electron-microscopic abnormalities of human
      cilia.
AB  - The aim of this study was to overcome difficulties of assessing the true
      incidence of electromicroscopic abnormalities of microtubular structure of cilia
      by examining large numbers of cilia from each case. The effects of different
      fixatives on the appearances of cilia were also studied. Bronchial biopsies were
      examined from 35 subjects who were being investigated for various lung diseases
      and nasal biopsies from 12 subjects (7 with retinitis pigmentosa (R.P.), and 5
      healthy controls). Numerous pieces of normal looking bronchial wall from a
      lobectomy specimen were used to examine the effect of six different fixatives.
      2.9% of bronchial cilia (mean of 890 cilia examined) and 2.4% of nasal cilia
      (mean of 808 cilia examined) showed microtubular abnormalities. Examining large
      numbers of cilia established that increased microtubular abnormalities were
      associated with smoking, chronic pulmonary infection and carcinoma of the lung.
      There was a significant increase (p less than 0.001) in microtubular
      abnormalities in nasal cilia in R.P. The appearances of cilia varied considerably
      with different fixatives. The numbers of dynein arms seen and the ease of
      recognising radial spokes and microtubules was particularly effected by fixation.
      The true incidence of microtubular abnormalities can only be ascertained by
      examining large numbers of cilia.

PMID- 6578055
TI  - Mechanisms of mucous transport.
AB  - The relative importance of mucociliary mechanisms in the sinuses are: ciliary
      beating greater than secretory pressure greater than sneezing greater than
      gravity. The relative importance for the Eustachian tubes and the middle ear are:
      ciliary beating much greater than peristalsis greater than secretory pressure. On
      the other hand for the small airways differential airflow much greater than
      ciliary beating and for the large airways: differential airflow greater than
      coughing or sneezing greater than ciliary beating. Differential airflow past any
      point in the airways comes from the relatively equal inspiratory and expiratory
      volumes and durations of flow and the narrowing of the airways on expiration.
      Mathematical modeling shows the mucous pumping to be directly related to the
      minute volumes. Also that this mucous pumping can, in the absence of ciliary
      beating at normal resting tidal breathing, pump 15 to 20 milliliters of mucus per
      day. Intubation of cystic fibrosis patients with volume controlled ventilators
      using 1:1 inspiratory/expiratory ratios has permitted the majority of these
      patients to be extubated.

PMID- 6578057
TI  - Measurement of nasal mucociliary clearance.

PMID- 6578056
TI  - Polynesian bronchiectasis.
AB  - Six Polynesian children aged 8-14 years with recurrent lower respiratory
      infections and abnormal lung mucociliary clearance were assessed for immuno
      deficiency. Measurements were made in these 6 children and in 21 healthy
      Polynesians of serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA) and complement components
      (C3, C4), leucocyte function tests, and T and B cell populations. A further 8
      Polynesian bronchiectatics were tested for sputum secretory-IgA. There was no
      evidence of S-IgA deficiency and 4 had high levels. There was no evidence of
      immunodeficiency. Nasal epithelium was obtained from 6 children using a cytology
      brush and ciliated epithelium was obtained in only 4. The ultrastructure was
      normal although few cilia were examined.

PMID- 6578059
TI  - Cellular and neurogenic mechanisms in nose and bronchi. Copenhagen, May 24-27,
      1982.

PMID- 6578058
TI  - Acquired ciliary defects compared to those seen in the immotile-cilia syndrome.
AB  - An attempt is made to characterize injured cilia and ciliary mutants separately
      with particular emphasis on human conditions. The usefulness of electron
      microscopical investigations is stressed. An injury to a ciliated epithelium may
      very well be restricted to one site in the body and may appear at any stage of
      life. Typical ciliary mutants, such as are seen in the immotile-cilia syndrome,
      represent a generalized condition and will be found from the beginning of life.
      Some types of ciliary defects are relatively unspecific and found after various
      kinds of insult to the cilia also in the immotile-cilia syndrome; these are:
      compound cilia, supernumerary microtubules in the axoneme, and loss of cilia or
      of ciliated cells. Other kinds of ciliary defect seem to be typical of the
      ciliary mutants: absence of dynein arms, absence of spokes and central sheath,
      transposition of one of the central microtubules and short central microtubules.

PMID- 6578060
TI  - The response of the airways to nasal stimulation in asthmatics with rhinitis.
AB  - In twelve subjects with perennial allergic rhinitis and stable asthma nasal
      obstruction was induced with histamine diphosphate solution introduced onto the
      nasal mucosa by a nasal atomizer in a cumulative manner starting with a 0.001%
      solution. The effect on the nose was measured by the change in inspiratory nasal
      flow resistance and the lung response was determined by the one second forced
      expiratory volume (FEV1). The test was stopped when there was a greater than 20%
      fall in FEV1 or when the total dose of histamine diphosphate reached 26 mumoles.
      All twelve subjects had a greater than six fold increase in inspiratory nasal
      flow resistance together with other symptoms of rhinitis in response to
      histamine. Six subjects had a dose related fall of greater than 20% in FEV1. Two
      others had falls of 10% and 17%. These changes persisted for between five and
      thirty minutes. In four subjects, aerosol salbutamol was needed for complete
      reversal of the FEV1. There was no relationship between the fall in FEV1
      resulting from nasal stimulation and airway reactivity as measured by histamine
      inhalation test on a separate day. The results suggest that the airways of some
      asthmatics narrow in response to nasal stimulation.

PMID- 6578061
TI  - On vagal bronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients by nasal irritation.
AB  - In 27 asthmatic patients a single cold stimulus into the nose resulted in a
      sudden increase of airway resistance, measured continuously by a forced
      oscillation technique. The effect could be blocked by previous intrabronchial
      application of an anticholinergic drug. In laryngectomised patients, who no
      longer have a connection between the upper and the lower airways, a cold stimulus
      into the nose also caused bronchoconstriction. So the cold effect must be based
      on a reflex mechanism.

PMID- 6578062
TI  - The bronchodilating effect of fenoterol after intranasal administration.

PMID- 6578063
TI  - Role of calcium and calcium antagonists in airway function.
AB  - Airway caliber is primarily under the control of cholinergically innervated
      smooth muscle but it is also effected in pathological states by the tissue
      effects of chemical mediators released from mast cells, the hypersecretion of
      mucous glands, and the aggravation of airway narrowing by the vagus-mediated
      bronchoconstrictor reflex, and also by the ingress of inflammatory cells into the
      bronchial wall. The function of each of these cell types (smooth muscle, mast
      cells, mucous glands, vagus nerve, and inflammatory cells) is dependent upon Ca2+
      ions. That is, agonist-induced smooth muscle contraction, antigen-induced
      mediator release from mast cells, mucous gland secretion, vagus nerve impulse
      initiation and conduction, and the movement of inflammatory cells are all Ca2+
      dependent phenomena in which Ca2+ serves as the coupling agent between excitation
      and contraction and stimulus and secretion. Normally, all cells in the body
      maintain a very high inside-to-outside Ca2+ concentration gradient, the
      maintenance of which involves several mechanisms that pump calcium out of the
      cell. Calcium antagonists may inhibit the ingress of Ca2+ ions from the
      extracellular environment or may influence the availability of calcium ions from
      plasma membrane or subcellular organelles. Calcium antagonists have been shown to
      exert a beneficial effect in exercise-induced asthma and may possibly affect the
      release of chemical mediators from mast cells. The future of calcium antagonist
      therapy in the management of asthma remains to be determined.

PMID- 6578064
TI  - Non-adrenergic inhibitory nerves.

PMID- 6578065
TI  - Vascular and secretory effect of adrenoceptor agonists and peptides in the nose.
AB  - With two methods which in cats simultaneously recorded changes of blood flow
      through the mucosa of a nasal cavity and changes of the nasal patency in the same
      cavity, it was found that alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and the peptide,
      angiotensin constricted both the resistance and the capacitance vessels. Beta
      adrenoceptor agonists and the peptide VIP dilated the vessels. Further, a filter
      paper method in dogs demonstrated that a large increase in nasal secretion was
      obtained with alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation in combination with methacholine,
      more than that with methacholine alone. Beta-adrenoceptor agonists seem to elicit
      a very scanty secretion. The peptide, substance P was also found to evoke a nasal
      secretion.

PMID- 6578066
TI  - Sympathetic control of nasal erectile tissue.
AB  - A model is described to explain the oscillations in sympathetic tone observed in
      the erectile tissue of the nasal mucosa. The sympathetic innervation of the nose
      exhibits two types of activity, (A) oscillations in tone in phase with
      respiration, (B) reciprocal changes in sympathetic tone which are associated with
      a nasal cycle of airflow between the two nasal passages over a period of 1-4 hr.
      Type (A) oscillations may be caused by a loose coupling between groups of nasal
      vasomotor neurones and respiratory neurones. Type (B) reciprocal changes in
      sympathetic tone may be regulated by a "central rhythm" of nervous activity and
      by sensory input from the nasal mucosa.

PMID- 6578067
TI  - Methods for assessing nasal reactivity.
AB  - Three symptoms have to be evaluated in order to get a full view of nasal
      reactivity: sneezing, blockage and secretion; the background mechanisms for these
      symptoms are discussed. It is emphasized that the demand for accuracy in the test
      situation varies with the indication for the provocation test. A review of
      different application methods and substances used for provocation tests is given.
      Methods for assessment of the amount of secretion and changes of nasal airway
      resistance are discussed in more detail.

PMID- 6578068
TI  - Neurogenic and myogenic mechanisms of nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
AB  - Airway smooth muscle is under neurogenic and myogenic control and thus bronchial
      hyperresponsiveness in asthma may be related to an abnormality in one or other of
      these systems. Possible neurogenic mechanisms leading to hyperresponsiveness
      include an abnormality of vagal pathways, of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors
      in airway smooth muscle or of nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerves. The relative
      importance of these different mechanisms remains controversial, and regarding
      nonadrenergic noncholinergic pathway untested. The findings of some recent
      studies suggest that neither an alteration in vagal pathways nor of adrenergic
      receptors can be considered as the primary disorder accounting for nonspecific
      increases in bronchial responsiveness. Possible myogenic mechanisms for
      hyperresponsiveness include an increase in contractility of individual muscle
      cells or an increase in cell to cell coupling between muscle cells i.e. a shift
      from multi-unit to single unit behaviour. These hypotheses have only started to
      be tested experimentally.

PMID- 6578069
TI  - Histamine receptors in the bronchi.
AB  - There is considerable variability in the effect of histamine between species and
      between different sites within the airways. This is probably due to differences
      in the distribution of histamine receptors. In general, H1-receptors, which
      predominate in the airways of most species, mediate bronchoconstriction and H2
      receptors mediate bronchodilation. In man, particularly in asthmatics, histamine
      is a powerful bronchoconstrictor, due to the predominance of bronchoconstricting
      H1-receptors in the airways. H1-receptor antagonists, given in adequate dosage,
      relieve bronchial tone in asthmatics, prevent histamine-induced bronchospasm in
      normal and asthmatic subjects and partially prevent both antigen- and exercise
      induced asthma. The evidence concerning the presence and function of H2-receptors
      in human airways is contradictory, but, if present, their role is trivial. There
      is no difference in the pattern of histamine receptors in normal and asthmatic
      subjects.

PMID- 6578070
TI  - Effect of anticholinergic drugs on the bronchial response to histamine.

PMID- 6578071
TI  - Are exercise and isocapnic voluntary hyperventilation identical bronchial
      provocations?
AB  - There is a positive and direct relationship between the magnitude of heat lost
      from the respiratory tract, the degree of cooling of intrathoracic airways and
      the magnitude of the airway obstructive response that develops in asthmatic
      subjects following exercise. We explore the possibilities of the causal nature of
      this relationship, the potential mechanisms by which they may relate and attempt
      to focus on the controversies that still exist with regard to the equivalency of
      respiratory heat loss (RHL) produced by exercise and by isocapnic voluntary
      hyperventilation (VHV) in asthmatics.

PMID- 6578072
TI  - Two types of responses to exercise and isocapnic hyperventilation in asthmatics.
AB  - Seven young adult asthmatics (17-35 years old) with an established diagnosis of
      mild to severe bronchial asthma were tested twice per day on six different days.
      On these days, all of the subjects undertook the treadmill exercise test of
      varying intensity for a duration of 6 minutes. Four hours later a voluntary
      isocapnic hyperventilation challenge of 6 minutes duration was done with
      essentially the same level of minute ventilation as achieved during and
      immediately after the exercise. During exercise and voluntary isocapnic
      hyperventilation tested patients inhaled dry compressed air of 23 degrees C.
      Heart rate, minute ventilation and end tidal pCO2 were monitored before, during
      and after each test. Pulmonary functions were measured before and after each
      procedure including: spirometry, measurement of airway resistance (Raw) and
      thoracic gas volume (Tgv). We found that five out of seven patients showed a dose
      response-like relationship between a change in pulmonary function (FEF25-75% and
      FEV1) and total ventilation as measured during treadmill exercise or isocapnic
      hyperventilation challenge. In two patients we failed to establish this
      relationship. In these two patients different levels of ventilation (as measured
      during exercise or isocapnic hyperventilation) induced a similar degree of
      bronchoconstriction. These two patients had the lowest baseline pulmonary
      function of the whole group and by definition they had the most reactive airways.

PMID- 6578073
TI  - The effect of alpha adrenergic blockade on non-specific airways reactivity and
      exercise induced asthma.
AB  - In asthmatics, alpha-adrenergic blockage with oral phentolamine partially or
      completely blocked bronchospasm after maximal exercise challenge. Bronchial
      reactivity to isocapnic hyperventilation with conditioned cold air was also
      reduced. However, non-specific airways reactivity to inhaled histamine did not
      change. Therefore, exercise and cold induced bronchospasm in asthma may be
      partially mediated by alpha adrenergic neural mechanisms perhaps through
      sensitization of alpha receptors during airway cooling.

PMID- 6578074
TI  - In vivo demonstration of inflammatory mediator release following nasal challenge
      with antigen.
AB  - An in vivo model system was developed to recover inflammatory mediators from the
      nose after antigen stimulation. In 105 experiments involving 35 subjects, antigen
      was introduced into the nose. Allergic individuals demonstrated an increase
      concentration of histamine, TAMe esterase and PgD2 during the physiologic changes
      of nasal obstruction and sneezing. Clinical symptoms and mediator release were
      highly correlated; moreover, the release of each mediator was significantly
      correlated to the others.

PMID- 6578075
TI  - Distribution of mucus producing elements in the respiratory tract. Differences
      between upper and lower airway.
AB  - Based on quantitative studies of glands and goblet cells in the nose, sinuses,
      trachea and bronchi a short survey on distribution of mucus producing elements is
      presented and the density of glands and goblet cells compared between upper and
      lower respiratory pathways. The gland density is highest in the nose 8.3
      glands/mm2 low in the trachea, bronchi and nasopharynx, but the gland mass per
      gland is 3-4 times larger in these regions than in the nose. In the paranasal
      sinuses the gland density is extremely low and the mucus producing capacity
      almost negligible. In the nose the goblet cell density is highest in the inferior
      turbinate, lowest in nasal septum.

PMID- 6578076
TI  - Ciliary function in transport of mucus.
AB  - Mucus is propelled by short cilia which rest during each beat cycle. Cilia move
      from rest by bending sideways and backwards through a recovery stroke in which
      they keep near the cell surface. This is followed by an effective stroke, in a
      plane nearly perpendicular to the cell surface, which ends with the cilium bent
      over in its rest position and with its tip pointing in the direction of
      propulsion. The cilium moves in a layer of periciliary fluid whose depth is a
      little less than the ciliary length, so that the overlying mucus is only
      penetrated by the ciliary tips in the effective stroke. The thickness of the
      periciliary layer is critical for effective propulsion of mucus. The cilia are
      coordinated by visco-mechanical interaction between the moving units to produce
      short oblique metachronal waves which pass across a few ciliated cells before
      dying away. Many small areas of independently coordinated activity collaborate to
      propel the overlying mucus. The activity of the cilia can respond to the load of
      mucus and control of ciliary rate may be exerted indirectly by varying the load
      rather than by any direct neural mechanism.

PMID- 6578077
TI  - Mediator release from the airway mucosa.
AB  - Mediator release from the bronchial mucosa depends largely on the distribution of
      target cells in it. While there have been few quantitative studies of these
      cells, the available data suggest that mast cells increase in concentration from
      the epithelial lumen to the cartilage and from the trachea to the peripheral
      airways. As the mucosa is relatively impermeable, it seems likely that mediator
      release at the luminal surface is an important event. Release at this location is
      amplified by the fact that the mediators can stimulate the irritant receptors
      causing reflex bronchoconstriction and render the epithelium more permeable so
      that more of the antigen can penetrate to the large population of mast cells in
      the submucosa.

PMID- 6578078
TI  - Classification and possible function of phospholipids obtained from central
      airways.
AB  - Phospholipids similar to those contained in surfactant can be obtained not only
      by bronchial lavage from peripheral airways but also by suction of mucus from
      central airways. In order to prove identity between the centrally obtained
      materials and the surfactant, we propose simultaneous application of bronchial
      lavage and central suction. The hypothesis that phospholipids play an important
      role in mucus transport by preventing the agglomeration and adhesion of mucus
      particles is discussed.

PMID- 6578079
TI  - Neural control of airway submucosal gland secretion.
AB  - Airway submucosal glands occupy a substantial volume of the large conducting
      airways and are regulated by vagal muscarinic nerves, alpha- and beta-adrenergic
      nerves, and nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerves. Vagal nerves modulate various
      reflexes that increase gland secretion by stimulating release of granules from
      mucous and serous cells. Stimulated secretions are unaltered from baseline in
      biochemical and viscoelastic properties. Beta-adrenergic stimulation releases
      secretions containing relatively little fluid, high concentrations of protein and
      sulfur, low concentrations of lysozyme and higher viscosity and lower elasticity,
      and selectively depletes mucous cells. Alpha-adrenergic stimulation causes high
      fluid flows with low protein and sulfur concentrations, high lysozyme
      concentrations and low apparent viscosity, and selectively depletes granules from
      serous cells. Nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerves also stimulate mucin secretion,
      probably by releasing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).

PMID- 6578080
TI  - Introduction: viral infection of the respiratory tract.

PMID- 6578081
TI  - Pathology of naturally occurring colds.

PMID- 6578082
TI  - Changes of mucociliary function during colds.
AB  - We have investigated, using chicken and Newcastle disease virus, the relationship
      between the mucociliary function and acute upper respiratory infection. Average
      nasal transit time of the dye was 53 sec at the age of two to four weeks in
      controls. The average transit times were significantly longer than those of
      controls at day 6 and 12 postinoculation. A histopathological study has revealed
      that repair of the mucosal injury is usually completed within 13 days after virus
      challenge. This was confirmed with 3H-thymidine autoradiography. However, there
      were patches where cilia almost disappear as seen in the scanning electron
      microscope. The mucous blanket was tethered to the mucosal surface by strands of
      mucus from the acini of the nose after 7 days of infection. More extensive
      tethers were observed on the 14th day. This phenomenon is one of the factors
      which may affect mucociliary transport in vivo only. Nasal secretion from
      patients with a common cold was transported more slowly than that of controls on
      a frog palate from which mucus had been removed. The reduction in mucociliary
      transport rate in the nose during a common cold could be due to a combination of
      damage to the ciliated system, a change in the biorheological property of nasal
      secretion and in vivo factors, or other causes.

PMID- 6578083
TI  - Nasal mucociliary transport, number of ciliated cells, and beating pattern in
      naturally acquired common colds.
AB  - Repeated samples of nasal epithelium were taken for in vitro study of the number
      and motility of ciliated cells (microphoto-oscillographic technique), and nasal
      mucociliary clearance transport rate was measured (saccharin test) in 26 subjects
      with naturally acquired common colds. The transport rate was markedly reduced
      during the disease, and a slight impairment remained even after 32 days. There
      was a considerable fall in the number of ciliated cells, and regeneration was
      slow. A moderate and shortlasting change in beating frequency and intracellular
      synchrony was also observed. It is concluded, that a common cold, as a rule,
      results in marked and long-lasting impairment of nasal mucociliary clearance
      function, and this may be the cause of some otherwise unexplainable symptoms from
      the nose and throat.

PMID- 6578084
TI  - Effect of airway infections on bronchial reactivity.
AB  - The pathological changes in the airway epithelium of patients with asthma and
      viral upper respiratory tract infection is similar. We have shown that such
      infections temporarily increase the airway reactivity to histamine and lower the
      threshold for citric acid-induced cough in normal subjects. We have postulated
      that sensitisation of airway irritant receptors played a part in this phenomena.
      Other workers have confirmed these results and in dogs with airway infections an
      exaggerated discharge of irritant receptors has been shown in response to
      histamine challenge.

PMID- 6578085
TI  - Mast cells and their mediators in the pathogenesis of asthma.

PMID- 6578086
TI  - Purified human basophils and mast cells: current concepts of mediator release.
AB  - Mediators released from human basophils and mast cells in response to immunologic
      and other stimuli are felt to be important in the pathophysiology of several
      nasal and pulmonary disease processes. Recently, we have developed techniques to
      purify these cells, thus allowing precise ultrastructural, biochemical and
      pharmacological studies of mediator release. Previous literature has emphasized
      the similarities of the two cell types including their metachromatic staining and
      IgE-mediated release of mediators. However, we now appreciate that several
      differences exist between the two cell types. At the ultrastructural level,
      basophil release is characterized by individual granules emptying to the cell
      exterior, while mast cell granules fuse intracellularly and release their
      contents through cytoplasmic channels. Functionally, basophils are 10- to 30-fold
      more sensitive than mast cells to anti-IgE, but the kinetics of release are less
      rapid. Basophil, but not mast cell, release is (I) inhibited by histamine H2
      agonists and glucocorticoids; (II) enhanced by PgD2 and (III) modulated by
      arachidonic acid lipoxygenase metabolites. Significant quantities of slow
      reacting substance of anaphylaxis, PgD2 and platelet-activating factor are
      generated by mast cells. Basophils produce little or none of these mediators.
      Studies with these purified, relevant human cell types should provide important
      insights into the cellular basis of hypersensitivity states and their control.

PMID- 6578087
TI  - Basophil leukocytes and mast cells in the nose.
AB  - The aim of the present study has been to examine the pathophysiology of allergic
      rhinitis, and the number, distribution and antigen-reactivity of basophilic
      cells. Blown nasal secretions, nasal washings, scrapings and excised specimens of
      nasal mucosa were collected and examined cytologically and histologically in both
      light and electron microscopes. Antigen-induced histamine release was also
      studied in these specimens. The results indicate that migration of basophilic
      cells (mainly basophil leukocytes in the nasal secretion and predominantly mast
      cells in the epithelium) to the mucosal surface is characteristic for allergy and
      that the total number and the histamine content of these cells are sufficient to
      produce the nasal manifestation of allergy. In conclusion, this study provides
      evidence supporting our concept of the mechanism of nasal allergy, i.e., that
      allergic reaction to inhaled allergens is initiated on the mucosal surface, and
      not in the lamina propria.

PMID- 6578088
TI  - Bronchial hyperreactivity in rhinitis.

PMID- 6578089
TI  - Airway reactivity in recurrent croup.
AB  - Three subsequent studies were concerned with clinical, pathophysiologic and
      immunologic aspects of recurrent croup. The first investigation demonstrated that
      recurrent croup is a distinct disease entity which shares many clinical features
      with asthma and should be distinguished from viral laryngotracheobronchitis. A
      high incidence of airway hyperreactivity was found in children with recurrent
      croup in the second study. This specific type of hyperreactivity suggested an
      involvement of both the lower and the upper respiratory tract. The third study
      demonstrated a tendency towards low serum IgA levels in children with recurrent
      croup; hence immunoregulatory defects may be conducive to the development of this
      disorder.

PMID- 6578090
TI  - The naso-oro-pharyngo-laryngeal airway.
AB  - Many of the muscles affecting the caliber of the upper airways have been shown to
      undergo a change in tone rhythmically timed to fit the breathing cycle. Failure
      in this function can adversely affect airway patency as in sleep-apnea. In normal
      persons the action of these muscles stabilizes the upper airways in a manner
      analagous to the action of the intercostals on the intrathoracic portion of the
      breathing apparatus. An important subject for future investigation is the exact
      nature of the nervous pathways involved.

PMID- 6578091
TI  - Computer analysis of changes in pulmonary resistance induced by nasal stimulation
      in man.
AB  - Changes in pulmonary resistance induced by various nasal stimuli were recorded in
      16 subjects with nasal allergy and 16 laryngectomized subjects. To avoid human
      errors in sampling respiratory curves, computer analysis was performed breath by
      breath, automatically and continuously. In the subjects with nasal allergy the
      nasal mucosa was stimulated with pressure using a nasal balloon, and by a paper
      patch with 0.1 ml of 5% histamine hydrochloride. Laryngectomized subjects were
      stimulated with pressure and by pepper powder. Nasal pressure stimulation up to
      50 cm H2O did not cause a statistically significant change in the pulmonary
      resistance of both groups of subjects. Pepper stimulation caused a statistically
      significant increase of the pulmonary resistance amounting to 40.4 +/- 28.2% of
      the prestimulatory level. Histamine stimulation caused a statistically
      significant change of the pulmonary resistance, but it was difficult to discern
      whether it caused an increase or a decrease of the resistance. Maximum efforts
      were used to control the respiratory pattern using the metronome and by visual
      monitoring of the peak flow rate on the cathode ray oscilloscope, but pepper and
      histamine stimulation caused a statistically significant increase, although
      slight, of tidal volume. The effect of slight changes of respiratory patterns
      induced by nasorespiratory reflex on the observed change of pulmonary resistance
      could not be ruled out in this human study.

PMID- 6578092
TI  - Cellular and neurogenic mechanisms in nose and bronchi. Copenhagen, May 24-27,
      1982.

PMID- 6578093
TI  - Non-invasive method for detecting laryngeal narrowing with low frequency sound:
      effect of fenoterol on laryngeal dilatation.

PMID- 6578094
TI  - Bronchial hyperreactivity measurements by the forced oscillation technique.

PMID- 6578095
TI  - Bronchial challenges with ultrasonic mist, histamine and carbachol: a comparison
      in 87 asthmatic subjects.

PMID- 6578096
TI  - A comparison of exercise, hyperventilation with cold air and warm air, and the
      inhalation of "fog" in the provocation of asthma.

PMID- 6578097
TI  - Diurnal variation in exercise-induced asthma.

PMID- 6578098
TI  - Pretreatment of exercise-induced asthma with inhaled vasoactive intestinal
      peptide (VIP).

PMID- 6578100
TI  - The effect of some drugs on the biophysical and biochemical properties of pig
      tracheal mucus.

PMID- 6578099
TI  - Adrenergic and cholinergic receptors in submucosal glands of the ferret trachea:
      autoradiographic localization.

PMID- 6578101
TI  - The effect of bromhexine on sputum sol phase proteins.

PMID- 6578102
TI  - Effect of acute antigenic challenge on nasal ciliary beat frequency.

PMID- 6578103
TI  - Lack of effect of cystic fibrosis serum on human ciliary motility.

PMID- 6578105
TI  - Mucociliary function and ciliary ultrastructure in patients presenting with
      rhinitis to Brompton Hospital Nose Clinic.

PMID- 6578106
TI  - Ultrastructure of cilia in pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 6578104
TI  - Measurements of impaired mucociliary activity in children.

PMID- 6578107
TI  - Comparative effects of beta-agonists on central and peripheral rat airways.

PMID- 6578108
TI  - Anti-asthmatic effects and drug tolerance of selective beta 2-adrenergic
      stimulants in guinea-pigs.

PMID- 6578109
TI  - Acetylcholine-induced bronchospasm in asthma patients: dose/response curves.

PMID- 6578110
TI  - Protoplasts 1983. Poster proceedings. 6th International Protoplast Symposium,
      Basel, August 12--16, 1983.

PMID- 6578111
TI  - Characteristics of platelet aggregation induced by the monoclonal antibody ALB6
      (acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen p 24). Inhibition of aggregation by
      ALB6Fab.
AB  - The leukemia-associated cell surface antigen p 24 is found on normal platelets as
      well as on Bernard Soulier syndrome and thrombasthenia type I platelets. ALB6 IgG
      (a monoclonal antibody against p 24) induces the aggregation of platelets from
      normal donors but not from thrombasthenia. In contrast, ALB6 Fab inhibits
      platelet aggregation induced by collagen, ADP, thrombin, ionophore A 23187 and
      ALB6 IgG. The results suggest that ALB6 interferes with a mechanism common to all
      aggregation pathways; the possible mechanisms are discussed.

PMID- 6578112
TI  - [Estilux UV in the restoration of permanent incisors injured during childhood].

PMID- 6578113
TI  - [Effect of atropine on vasodilation induced by parasympathetic stimulation in the
      rabbit submandibular gland].

PMID- 6578115
TI  - [Maxillofacial war injuries and their management].

PMID- 6578114
TI  - [Prosthetic restoration of extensive abrasion caused by partial tooth loss (case
      report)].

PMID- 6578116
TI  - [Facial and mandibular injuries caused by whipping cream aerosol bottle, report
      of 2 cases].

PMID- 6578117
TI  - [Secretion of cephalosporins in saliva].

PMID- 6578119
TI  - When and how to raise your fees.

PMID- 6578118
TI  - [Dentition abnormalities in the practice of a general practitioner. I.
      Transposition of teeth].

PMID- 6578120
TI  - How to be comfortable quoting higher fees.

PMID- 6578121
TI  - Ten non-advertising ways to attract and keep new patients.

PMID- 6578122
TI  - How an insurance reference manual can help build your practice.

PMID- 6578123
TI  - Hire your spouse and save at tax time.

PMID- 6578124
TI  - The lure of leasing--don't get hooked.

PMID- 6578125
TI  - N2: clarifying the controversy.

PMID- 6578126
TI  - Motivating your dental staff - five strategies for success.

PMID- 6578127
TI  - How to establish and maintain rapport with your patients.

PMID- 6578128
TI  - Investment advice: who to ask to get the best answers.

PMID- 6578129
TI  - Why I left retail dentistry and why I'll never go back.

PMID- 6578130
TI  - Understanding drugs: prescription for a better practice.

PMID- 6578131
TI  - Drugs in dentistry: analgesics.

PMID- 6578132
TI  - The best way to order dental office supplies.

PMID- 6578133
TI  - Four steps to follow when it's time to sell your practice.

PMID- 6578134
TI  - State-of-the-industry survey finds business healthy despite the recession's
      burdens.

PMID- 6578135
TI  - Cash management for the money crunch.

PMID- 6578137
TI  - Minimize the trauma of firing someone.

PMID- 6578136
TI  - The lab and the dentist: enemies or friends?

PMID- 6578138
TI  - Teens get head start with lab set-ups in school.

PMID- 6578139
TI  - Organize now for the future.

PMID- 6578140
TI  - Plan ahead for profits.

PMID- 6578141
TI  - Promote your plaster department for quality and savings.

PMID- 6578142
TI  - Keep tabs on costs.

PMID- 6578143
TI  - Good service sells.

PMID- 6578144
TI  - Effective listening yields rewards.

PMID- 6578145
TI  - Save cash and worry with informed insurance programming.

PMID- 6578147
TI  - Successful managers: are they born or made?

PMID- 6578146
TI  - Continuing education delivers bottom line payoff.

PMID- 6578148
TI  - Boost morale and be amply rewarded.

PMID- 6578149
TI  - A new breed hits the streets.

PMID- 6578150
TI  - Know the market, the man, and the math when you set out to buy a business.

PMID- 6578151
TI  - Photography: 1. Uses in general dental practice.

PMID- 6578152
TI  - Four-handed dentistry. 2. Periodontal surgery: making it easier.

PMID- 6578153
TI  - Soft tissue lesions in children: 1. Infancy, teething and childhood habits.

PMID- 6578154
TI  - Extraamniotic infusion of prostaglandin F2 alpha in normal saline for termination
      of midtrimester missed abortion.
AB  - A combined method consisting of extraamniotic infusion of normal saline with
      prostaglandin F2 alpha was used in 20 patients for termination of midtrimester
      missed abortion. All 20 patients aborted within 12 h. The mean infusion abortion
      interval was 7.34 h. Side effects were observed only in 5 patients (25%), a low
      percentage when compared with other prostaglandin methods. The possibility of
      adjusting or stopping the infusion permitted the rapid control of side effects
      and the intensity of uterine contractions. According to the results obtained in
      this series, the proposed method seems to be more suitable than other procedures
      reported for termination of midtrimester missed abortion.

PMID- 6578155
TI  - Induction of labour.

PMID- 6578156
TI  - Association between Crohn's disease and immunoglobulin heavy chain (Gm)
      allotypes.
AB  - Immunoglobulin allotype markers on immunoglobulin G (Gm markers), immunoglobulin
      A (A2m markers), and kappa light chains (Km markers) were determined in 68
      Crohn's disease patients, 39 ulcerative colitis patients, and 1027 healthy
      controls. Patients and controls were all Caucasians of Northern European origin
      and not Jewish. The distribution of immunoglobulin heavy-chain (Gm) allotypes
      differed markedly between Crohn's disease patients and controls. Crohn's disease
      patients had a significant increase in the frequency of the phenotype
      Gm(a,x,f;b,g) and the haplotype Gma,x;g. The frequency of Gm phenotypes and
      haplotypes did not differ significantly between ulcerative colitis patients and
      controls. Further, there was no significant association between Km markers or A2m
      markers and inflammatory bowel disease.

PMID- 6578157
TI  - [Functional activity of the monocytes in patients with acute leukemia in various
      therapeutic programs].

PMID- 6578158
TI  - [Many-year remission in children with lymphoblastic leukemia after short-term
      polychemotherapy].

PMID- 6578159
TI  - [Prognosis in acute leukemia].

PMID- 6578160
TI  - Calcium hydroxide method.

PMID- 6578161
TI  - Narrowing of the teeth.

PMID- 6578162
TI  - Clinical evaluation of posterior composite resins.

PMID- 6578163
TI  - The value of comprehensive radiographs.

PMID- 6578164
TI  - A unique orthodontic approach to a long-standing esthetic restorative problem.

PMID- 6578165
TI  - Free mucosal grafts: a simplified technique.

PMID- 6578166
TI  - Endodontics and the rubber dam: a review of techniques.

PMID- 6578167
TI  - Ridge preservation through root submergence.

PMID- 6578168
TI  - An interim midfacial prosthesis.

PMID- 6578169
TI  - Marketing: borrowing a useful tool from business.

PMID- 6578170
TI  - Managing subgingival lesions with a combined operative and periodontal approach.

PMID- 6578171
TI  - Identification of an autosomal locus affecting steroid sulfatase activity among
      inbred strains of mice.
AB  - We have found an activity variant for testicular and liver steroid sulfatase
      among inbred strains of mice that is not X-linked. C57BL/6J, SM/J and SWR/J
      testicular extracts hydrolyze 3H-dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate twice as rapidly
      as do A/J extracts. The C3H/HeJ and DBA/2J strains were intermediate. The Km
      values for C57BL/6J and A/J are 2.29 +/- 0.10 and 1.01 +/- 0.02 microM,
      respectively. The F1 values in both directions were intermediate, which argues
      against X-linkage of this trait. F2 values show scattered high-intermediate-low
      values compatible with assay variation superimposed on the segregation of
      codominant alleles. When assayed for both testicular and liver steroid sulfatase,
      nine recombinant inbred lines between A/J and C57BL/6J segregate to near the
      parental strain values. Thus, this activity variation for steroid sulfatase
      appears to be determined by a single gene, which is not X-linked. Sex and
      steroidal hormone differences in liver steroid sulfatase activity were not
      present in the A/J strain, but females of the C57BL/6J and some recombinant
      inbred lines had higher levels. Electrophoretic studies only disclosed a variant
      in the SM/J strain, which seems to be secondary to the well-known neuraminidase
      variation in SM/J.

PMID- 6578172
TI  - Imbalance of prostacyclin and thromboxane synthesis in Crohn's disease.
AB  - Synthesis of prostanoids in Crohn's disease was investigated using rectal biopsy
      specimens maintained in organ culture. As with ulcerative colitis increased
      synthesis of prostaglandin (PG)E2 was observed when the mucosa was inflamed,
      compared with uninflamed mucosa in Crohn's disease, and with control biopsy
      specimens. In contrast with ulcerative colitis differences from control specimens
      were observed even in the absence of inflammation. There was a raised synthesis
      of thromboxane (Tx)B2 (stable breakdown product of TxA2); concentrations of 6
      keto PGF1 alpha (stable breakdown product of prostacyclin) were unchanged and
      hence the ratio of 6-keto PGF1 alpha/TxB2 was reduced. These changes might lead
      to an altered cytoprotective capacity or reduced suppressor cell activity, such
      as has previously been reported in intestinal lymphocytes in Crohn's disease.

PMID- 6578173
TI  - HLA antigens in coeliac disease associated with malignancy.
AB  - Coeliac patients are at greater risk than the general population of developing
      malignant neoplasms, particularly lymphomas. The establishment at the Clinical
      Research Centre of a national collaborative study of coeliac patients with
      malignancy provided the opportunity to carry out HLA typing for 55 HLA-A, B and C
      and the 10 recognised DR antigens on a group of coeliac patients with malignancy.
      Study of a sample of 44 patients with biopsy proven coeliac disease and
      histologically confirmed malignancy, including 12 with malignant histiocytosis,
      and 57 coeliac patients without malignancy, failed to show any significant
      differences in antigen frequencies between patients with and without malignancy.
      These results indicate that there are no HLA genetic markers associated
      specifically with the development of malignancy in coeliac disease.

PMID- 6578175
TI  - Miscellaneous pesticides.

PMID- 6578174
TI  - Concentrations of prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha in the cardiovascular system of
      infants with persisting patent ductus arteriosus.
AB  - The distribution of prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha was examined in the peripheral
      veins and in several positions of the cardiovascular system before and after the
      blood had passed through the lungs in 37 infants. Prostaglandin E2 varied from
      0.25 +/- 0.09 ng/ml to 0.44 +/- 0.09 ng/ml when measured in the pulmonary artery,
      the ductus arteriosus, the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium,
      the left ventricle, the inferior vena cava and the descending aorta.
      Prostaglandin F2 alpha was much higher in these positions of the cardiovascular
      system. The range was 0.99 +/- 0.36 ng/ml to greater than 2.0 ng/ml. The vascular
      tissues produced virtually identical high amounts of prostaglandin E2 and F2
      alpha, but there were no significant differences in prostaglandin E2 and F2
      alpha, concentrations, in venous blood as well as in systemic arterial blood. The
      results suggest that prostaglandin E2 is not responsible for the persisting
      patency of the ductus arteriosus in infants. There is no explanation for the
      increased prostaglandin F2 alpha concentrations in these patients.

PMID- 6578176
TI  - Malathion.

PMID- 6578177
TI  - Methyl parathion.

PMID- 6578178
TI  - Parathion.

PMID- 6578179
TI  - Piperonyl butoxide.

PMID- 6578180
TI  - Tetrachlorvinphos.

PMID- 6578181
TI  - Trichlorfon.

PMID- 6578182
TI  - Diallate.

PMID- 6578183
TI  - Fluometuron.

PMID- 6578184
TI  - MCPA.

PMID- 6578185
TI  - Nitrofen.

PMID- 6578186
TI  - Captan.

PMID- 6578187
TI  - Chlorothalonil.

PMID- 6578188
TI  - ortho-Phenylphenol and its sodium salt.

PMID- 6578189
TI  - Appendix: general considerations on N-nitrosatable pesticides.

PMID- 6578190
TI  - Cancer epidemiology of pesticide manufacturers, formulators and users.

PMID- 6578192
TI  - Chlorobenzilate.

PMID- 6578191
TI  - Chlordimeform.

PMID- 6578193
TI  - Dicofol.

PMID- 6578194
TI  - Accessory cell and HLA compatibility requirements for the generation of specific
      in-vitro antibody responses to influenza virus by human blood lymphocytes.
AB  - The role of antigen presenting cells in specific in-vitro antibody responses to
      influenza virus by human lymphocytes was investigated. Demonstration of a
      requirement for accessory cells necessitated vigorous depletion procedures.
      Accessory cells were removed by passage of mononuclear cells through a Sephadex
      G10 column followed by separation of cells bearing antigens defined by the
      monoclonal antibodies OKM1 and UCHM1 by fluorescence-activated cell sorting or
      panning. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated in this way were unable to
      respond to influenza virus by antibody production in either round-bottom or flat
      bottom culture wells. The response could be reconstituted by either irradiated
      plastic-adherent cells or G10 non-adherent OKM1/UCHM1 positive cells in both
      autologous or allogeneic (HLA-DR different) combinations. The absence of HLA
      restriction was not due to non-specific allogeneic effects and was confirmed
      using irradiated, antigen-pulsed accessory cells which were extensively washed,
      incubated overnight and washed again to remove free antigen. These data suggest
      that the normal T-cell repertoire contains T helper cells specific for antigen
      plus self and antigen plus allo MHC.

PMID- 6578196
TI  - Atypical acute promyelocytic leukemia--(M3 variant).

PMID- 6578195
TI  - Ontogeny of non-lymphoid and lymphoid cells in the rat gut with special reference
      to large mononuclear Ia-positive dendritic cells.
AB  - The ontogeny of rat Peyer's patches was studied with special reference to Ia
      positive dendritic cells. The 16-day-old foetus contained large Ia-positive
      dendritic cells randomly distributed throughout the gut wall and mesentery. In
      cell suspensions prepared from the foetal gut, these cells showed the typical
      movement pattern of veiled cells, and they shared ultrastructural features with
      these and other antigen-presenting cells. The gut was found to be the first organ
      in which large numbers of these Ia-positive dendritic cells were found. At 16
      days gestation, the Ia-positive dendritic cells were randomly distributed
      throughout the primitive gut wall, but at later stages accumulated in structures
      which were clearly recognizable as Peyer's patches from 20 days gestation
      onwards. T and B lymphocytes could be seen on the day of birth at the earliest,
      at first randomly distributed throughout the Peyer's patch, but afterwards
      concentrating in separate T- and B-cell regions. Two weeks after birth Peyer's
      patches consisted of densely populated B-cell nodules, mainly comprising surface
      IgM (sIgM) positive cells, and internodular T-cell regions. Ia-positive dendritic
      cells were situated between the epithelial cells of the dome area, just
      underneath this epithelium in a loose reticular area and in the internodular T
      cell regions. These Ia-positive dendritic cells were acid phosphatase negative or
      only weakly positive. Some Ia-positive dendritic cells were also present in small
      intestinal villi at all ages studied. However, these cells started to express an
      increasing acid phosphatase activity in the 2 weeks following birth. Thus they
      resemble macrophages, while Peyer's patch dendritic cells show characteristics of
      antigen-presenting cells.

PMID- 6578197
TI  - [Dental enamel: mode of attack by acid solutions].

PMID- 6578198
TI  - [In vitro action of phosphoric acid solution on the surface of human dental
      enamel].

PMID- 6578199
TI  - [Dissolution of enamel by phosphoric acid].

PMID- 6578200
TI  - [Infrared laser therapy].

PMID- 6578201
TI  - [Improvement in the surgical technic of the suction of water, saliva and blood
      using a new saliva pump].

PMID- 6578202
TI  - The in vitro activity of N-formimidoyl thienamycin compared with other broad
      spectrum cephalosporins and with clindamycin and metronidazole.
AB  - N-formimidoyl thienamycin is a new semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotic still
      awaiting clinical trials. We have investigated the in vitro activity of N
      formimidoyl thienamycin against 413 fresh clinical isolates and compared it to
      other new beta-lactam drugs and to clindamycin and metronidazole in the agar
      dilution test. All coliforms were inhibited by less than or equal to 1 mg/l and
      no member of the Proteus group was resistant to more than 8 mg/l of N-formimidoyl
      thienamycin. The MICs for Pseudomonas aeruginosa were less than or equal to 4
      mg/l. Beta-haemolytic streptococci, pneumococci and staphylococci, including
      methicillin-resistant strains, were all inhibited by 0.125 mg/l or less.
      Streptococcus faecalis strains were all susceptible to less than or equal to 2
      mg/l. N-formimidoyl thienamycin was highly active against the anaerobes tested. N
      formimidoyl thienamycin exhibited bactericidal activity, and changes in inoculum
      size had little effect on the MICs. This data has shown that N-formimidoyl
      thienamycin has excellent antibacterial activity and an unusually broad spectrum
      of activity.

PMID- 6578204
TI  - The sick sinus syndrome in familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy.
AB  - We report five cases of dysfunction of the sinus node in patients suffering from
      familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. The implantation of a pacemaker
      resulted in symptomatologic relief in all.

PMID- 6578203
TI  - Immunomodulating effects of 13-cis retinoic acid on the IgG and IgM response of
      BALB/c mice.
AB  - The results reported here provide information on the effects of 13-cis retinoic
      acid (13-cRA) on the IgG and IgM responses in BALB/c mice. For these studies, a
      suboptimum immunizing concentration of ovalbumin (1 microgram) was used. BALB/c
      mice were given either 13-cRA or control beadlets (gel) as either 1 dose (at day 
      1) or 4 doses (at week -3, -2, -1, and day -1) prior to primary immunization, or
      4 doses prior to, and 4 doses after, primary immunization (week -3, -2, -1, day 
      1, week 1, 2, 3, and day 27). The results consistently showed no primary antibody
      response and excellent secondary antibody levels in all 13-cRA-treated groups.
      Attempts to determine whether the 13-cRA affected the afferent or efferent phase
      of antibody induction by varying the time of the administration of a single 13
      cRA dose, relative to immunization, showed no difference in the results in
      animals treated on day -2 to day 3.

PMID- 6578205
TI  - Patients deserve the best.

PMID- 6578206
TI  - Combined periodontal, orthodontic and fixed prosthetic treatment of juvenile
      periodontitis: a case report.

PMID- 6578208
TI  - Comparison of clinical results following radial keratotomy, extended-wear contact
      lenses, and myopic keratomileusis.

PMID- 6578207
TI  - The surgical management of the restorative alveolar interface (II).

PMID- 6578209
TI  - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase as a probe for the study of X-chromosome
      inactivation in hunan females.
AB  - The electrophoretic variants of G6PD have provided evidence for a single active X
      chromosome in human somatic cells, but two active X-chromosomes in germ cells and
      in triploid cells with a 69,XXY karyotype. Studies of clonal populations of cells
      heterozygous for G6PD-A but expressing a single isozyme have provided evidence
      that the maintenance of the inactivation process is extremely stable, but that an
      occasional localized derepression event may occur. Such populations have also
      been used to show that methylation of X-chromosome DNA is not obviously different
      for XA and XI; furthermore, methylation is surprisingly unstable at least at some
      sites on the X. Studies of derepressed loci on the inactive X-chromosome in these
      clonal cell populations show that the expression of loci that escape inactivation
      is greater on XA than XI. G6PD variants have provided significant insights into
      the consequences of X-chromosome inactivation, revealing the role of
      intercellular communication and cell selection in determining female phenotype.
      The evidence that is now available indicates that the regulation of the X
      chromosome is complex. The mechanisms involved include: 1) initiation, an event
      that may be mediated through an autosomal product and 2) maintenance which is
      stable but subject to programmed derepression of the entire chromosome during
      ontogeny of germ cells and occasional unprogrammed localized derepression in
      somatic cells. In addition, there may be transcriptional differences between XI
      and XA to compensate for monosomy of X-linked genes. The molecular basis for this
      multilevel regulation is unclear, but it seems certain that the cloned DNA probe
      for G6PD [Persico et al, 1981] will provide further insights.

PMID- 6578210
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of N-formimidoyl thienamycin and influence of a renal
      dipeptidase inhibitor in experimental meningitis.
AB  - We studied the pharmacokinetics of N-formimidoyl thienamycin with and without a
      renal dipeptidase inhibitor in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of rabbits.
      Thienamycin reached a maximal concentration of 0.6 +/- 0.06 mg/l in the CSF of
      normal rabbits. When the meninges were inflamed, the mean CSF concentration of N
      formimidoyl thienamycin was 3.2 +/- 1.5 mg/l, five times higher than in normal
      rabbits. This concentration would kill most bacteria that cause meningitis. The
      renal dipeptidase inhibitor alone had no detectable antibacterial activity. When
      administered with N-formimidoyl thienamycin, it exerted only minor effects on the
      pharmacokinetics in either plasma or CSF of normal or infected rabbits.

PMID- 6578211
TI  - Modification of a major ribonuclease from Aspergillus saitoi with 1-cyclohexyl-3
      (2-morpholinyl-(4)-ethyl)carbodiimide.
AB  - In order to investigate the role of carboxyl groups of a base non-specific
      ribonuclease from Aspergillus saitoi [EC 3.1.27.1] (RNase M, molecular weight
      36,000), the modification of RNase M with a water-soluble carbodiimide, 1
      cyclohexyl-3-(2-morpholinyl-(4)-ethyl)carbodiimide(CMC), was studied. The
      inactivation of RNase M proceeded almost linearly with the incorporation of about
      9.5 CMC moieties. The peptide backbone structure of the modified RNase M was
      practically the same as that of the native RNase M, as assessed from the CD
      spectra in the region of 200-250 nm. In the presence of competitive inhibitors,
      adenosine, and cytidine, inactivation of RNase M by CMC was partially inhibited.
      In the presence of cytidine (1 M), the modification of about 4 carboxyl groups of
      RNase M proceeded with a slight loss of enzymatic activity (ca. 20%). Further
      modification inactivated RNase M with the incorporation of ca. 4-5 CMC without
      any detectable intramolecular peptide bond formation. Therefore, it was concluded
      that carboxyl groups responsible for enzymatic activity were included among these
      carboxyl groups protected by cytidine. The logarithm of the half-live of the
      inactivation of RNase M by CMC was a linear function of log[CMC] with a slope of
      minus one, indicating that at least one carboxyl group among the modified ones
      may be essential for catalysis. The digestion of CMC-modified RNase M with
      carboxypeptidase A eliminated the carboxyl terminal group from the site of CMC
      modification.

PMID- 6578212
TI  - Human placental estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase. Identification of a single
      histidine residue affinity-labeled by both 3-bromoacetoxyestrone and 12 beta
      bromoacetoxy-4-estrene-3,17-dione.
AB  - Human placental estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.62) was affinity
      labeled at pH 6.3 by 3-bromo[2'-14C]acetoxyestrone and 12 beta-bromo-[2'-14C]
      acetoxy-4-estrene-3,17-dione (both are substrates) in separate incubations. The
      affinity-alkylated enzyme samples were then treated separately as described
      below. Amino acid compositions of both samples revealed radioactive 3
      carboxymethylhistidine. Tryptic digests of each sample were prepared, applied to
      Sephadex G-50, and 3-carboxymethylhistidine-bearing fractions identified. These
      peptides were further purified by cation exchange chromatography, gel filtration,
      and paper electrophoresis. The purified, 3-carboxymethylhistidine-bearing
      peptides labeled by the two steroids had identical electrophoretic mobilities at
      pH 6.5, 3.5, and 1.9. The amino acid sequence of the radioactive peptide
      alkylated by 3-bromo[2'-14C]acetoxyesterone was determined as: Leu-Ala-3
      [14C]CmHis-Ser-Lys. The smaller quantity of peptide obtained from the
      inactivation with 12 beta-bromo[2'-14C]acetoxy-4-estrene-3,17-dione precluded the
      determination of its complete sequence. However, the first 3 residues were found
      to be Leu-Ala-3-[14C]CmHis and the amino acid composition showed that serine and
      lysine were also present. It is concluded that the steroid-binding site of human
      placental estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase contains a histidine residue which
      proximates the upper A-ring region of the steroid as it undergoes the reversible
      binding step.

PMID- 6578213
TI  - Inactivation of human placental 17 beta,20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase by
      16-methylene estrone, an affinity alkylator enzymatically generated from 16
      methylene estradiol-17 beta.
AB  - The substrate 16-methylene estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17 beta-diol (16-methylene
      estradiol-17 beta) and its enzyme-generated alkylating product, 3-hydroxy-16
      methylene estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one (16-methylene estrone), were synthesized
      to study the 17 beta- and 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities which
      coexist in homogeneous enzyme purified from human placental cytosol. 16-Methylene
      estradiol, an excellent substrate (Km = 8.0 microM; Vmax = 2.8 mumol/mg/min) when
      enzymatically oxidized to 16-methylene estrone in the presence of NAD+ (256
      microM), inactivates simultaneously the 17 beta- and 20 alpha-activities in a
      time-dependent and irreversible manner following pseudo-first order kinetics
      (t1/2 = 1.0 h, 100 microM, pH 9.2). 16-Methylene estradiol does not inactivate
      the enzyme in the absence of NAD+. 16-Methylene estrone (Km = 2.7 microM; Vmax =
      2.9 mumol/mg/min) is an affinity alkylator (biomolecular rate constant k'3 = 63.3
      liters/mol-s, pH 9.2; KI = 261 microM; k3 = 8.0 X 10(-4) S-1, pH 7.0) which also
      simultaneously inhibits both activities in an irreversible time-dependent manner
      (at 25 microM; t1/2 = 7.2 min, pH 9.2; t1/2 = 2.7 h, pH 7.0). Substrates
      (estradiol-17 beta, estrone, and progesterone) protect against inhibition of
      enzyme activity by 16-methylene estrone and 16-methylene estradiol. Affinity
      radioalkylation studies using 16-methylene [6,7-3H]estrone demonstrate that 1 mol
      of alkylator binds per mol of inactivated enzyme dimer. Thus, 16-methylene
      estradiol functions as a unique substrate for the enzymatic generation of a
      powerful affinity alkylator of 17 beta,20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and
      should be a useful pharmacological tool.

PMID- 6578214
TI  - Albumin-catalyzed metabolism of prostaglandin D2. Identification of products
      formed in vitro.
AB  - Human albumin catalyzed the in vitro transformation of prostaglandin D2 into
      three novel dehydration products identified as 9-deoxy-11-keto-15 alpha-hydroxy
      delta-5,9,12-prostenoic acid; 15-deoxy-11-keto-9 alpha-hydroxy-delta 5,9,12,14
      prostenoic acid. Results suggest that albumin can influence, qualitatively and
      quantitatively, the metabolism of eicosanoids.

PMID- 6578215
TI  - Biosocial aspects of ethnic minorities. Proceedings of a Galton Foundation and
      Biosocial Society Conference, London 31 March-2 April 1982.

PMID- 6578216
TI  - Apolipoprotein EBethesda: a new variant of apolipoprotein E associated with type
      III hyperlipoproteinemia.
AB  - Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is associated with plasma lipoproteins and is important
      in modulating the catabolism of remnants of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. ApoE
      is a polymorphic protein, and homozygosity for the E2 allele is associated with
      type III hyperlipoproteinemia. A variant of apoE, apoEBethesda, was found that
      migrates in the E1 position on isoelectric focusing. Evaluation of the proband
      and her family showed that both individuals with apoEBethesda had type III
      hyperlipoproteinemia, and the analysis was consistent with the concept that
      apoEBethesda was coded by a new E allele and that this allele was expressed in a
      codominant fashion. The discovery of apoEBethesda and its association with type
      III hyperlipoproteinemia provides additional evidence for the genetic
      heterogeneity of the E allele and suggests that a number of different structural
      mutations of the E apolipoprotein may be associated with the type III phenotype.

PMID- 6578217
TI  - Vomiting as a learned weight-control technique in bulimia.
AB  - Twenty-seven consecutive patients presenting with binge eating and vomiting were
      systematically questioned about the circumstances surrounding the onset of their
      vomiting habit. Twenty-four were able to specify and describe a particular
      incident to which they attributed the idea of vomiting as a weight-control
      method. The nature of the reported incidents supports the hypothesis that
      vomiting in those patients is a learned maladaptive behavior which is frequently
      inadvertently taught by well-meaning friends, relatives and professionals. These
      findings indicate the necessity of evaluating the risks as well as the benefits
      of public education.

PMID- 6578218
TI  - Current status of posterior composite resins.

PMID- 6578219
TI  - The open-face stainless steel crown for primary molars.

PMID- 6578220
TI  - Dimensional differences in the attached gingiva and gingival sulcus in the mixed
      dentition.

PMID- 6578221
TI  - Inherited retarded eruption.

PMID- 6578222
TI  - Premature mineralization of permanent canines associated with aplasia of their
      primary predecessors: report of four cases.

PMID- 6578223
TI  - Psychological tests as predictors of children's operatory behavior.

PMID- 6578224
TI  - Tooth-tutoring: a pilot study to evaluate peer-teaching effectiveness.

PMID- 6578225
TI  - Hereditary fibrous dysplasia of the jaws (cherubism): report of case.

PMID- 6578226
TI  - Taurodontism: clinical management and report of case.

PMID- 6578227
TI  - Nutritional anemia.
AB  - Nutritional anemia results from deficiency in either iron, vitamin B12 or folic
      acid, although in most areas of the world, nutritional anemia is synonymous with
      iron deficiency. Nutritional anemia occurs most commonly at times of heightened
      physiologic requirements. It is considered a major health problem in developing
      countries, although it is not a serious concern for the general U.S. population.
      Iron deficiency without frank anemia, however, does affect some segments of the
      U.S. population, such as pregnant and menstruating women and children.

PMID- 6578229
TI  - Progesterone metabolism in the murine submandibular salivary gland.
AB  - Homogenates of submandibular salivary glands from female mice were incubated with
      progesterone. This resulted in the formation of 20 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone,
      thus indicating the presence of the enzyme, 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase.

PMID- 6578228
TI  - Enzymatic sulfation of glycosphingolipids in rat parotid salivary glands.
AB  - The results of this study demonstrate that sulfatoglycosphingolipids of rat
      parotid salivary glands consist of galactosylceramide and lactosylceramide
      sulfates. The enzyme activity which catalyzes the formation of these compounds in
      vitro via transfer of sulfate from 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate to
      galactosyl- and lactosylceramide is located in the microsomal fraction of parotid
      glands. This sulfotransferase exhibits its optimum activity at pH 6.8 and
      requires the presence of Triton X-100, Mg2+, and F1-.

PMID- 6578230
TI  - Detection of antigens in enzymic lysates of cell wall from Streptococcus mutans
      strains.
AB  - Lysis of cell wall preparations from strains representing serotypes a - g of
      Streptococcus mutans has provided a convenient and efficient means of obtaining
      the typing antigens in a soluble undegraded form, and has demonstrated that, in
      each case, the antigen is a cell wall component in the strict sense of a
      component joined covalently to peptidoglycan. This influences the choice of
      extraction procedures.

PMID- 6578231
TI  - Neuraminidase-activated attachment of Actinomyces naeslundii ATCC 12104 to human
      buccal epithelial cells.
AB  - The attachment of Actinomyces naeslundii ATCC 12104 to human buccal epithelial
      cells pre-treated with neuraminidase (sialidase) was evaluated. Both commercial
      clostridial neuraminidase and neuraminidase preparations from the test strain of
      A. naeslundii enhanced attachment. The results suggest that the A. naeslundii
      beta-galactoside-seeking ligand involved in hemagglutination and interbacterial
      coaggregation also mediates one type of binding to human buccal epithelial cells.

PMID- 6578232
TI  - Grooved titanium surfaces orient growth and migration of cells from human
      gingival explants.
AB  - A silicon mask-etching technique was used to prepare grooved surfaces that
      control the direction of outgrowths of human gingival explants. The method used
      to produce the grooves is excellent in terms of both the uniformity of the
      grooves and the control with which surfaces of the desired specifications can be
      obtained.

PMID- 6578234
TI  - Plaque pH measurements by different methods on the buccal and approximal surfaces
      of human teeth after a sucrose rinse.
AB  - Changes in plaque pH after a sucrose rinse were simultaneously monitored by
      plaque sampling, touching of the plaque with antimony and glass electrodes, and
      telemetry. The minimum pH at approximal sites was approximately 0.7 pH units
      lower than that on buccal surfaces. The pH at the approximal site remained below
      resting levels after 120 min, and the area under the pH response curves from this
      site was five times greater than that from the buccal surfaces.

PMID- 6578233
TI  - Acid reactivity of carbonated apatites with strontium and fluoride substitutions.
AB  - Carbonated apatites containing approximately 3.0 or 6.5% CO3 were precipitated in
      the presence of sodium, strontium, and/or fluoride at various concentrations.
      Almost all the available strontium and fluoride was incorporated into the
      crystals, whereas only a portion of the carbonate and sodium present was taken
      up. When incorporated together, Sr and F improved the crystallinity of carbonated
      apatites and markedly reduced their acid reactivity. This phenomenon may
      partially explain the observed reduction in caries for populations whose drinking
      water contains optimum levels of Sr at 5-10 mg/l and F at 1-2 mg/l.

PMID- 6578235
TI  - A mouthrinse which optimizes in vivo generation of hypothiocyanite.
AB  - We report here the properties of a mouthrinse which enhances one of the natural
      defense factors in human saliva, the salivary peroxidase system. Concentrations
      of the antimicrobial agent, the hypothiocyanite (OSCN-) ion, can be increased in
      vivo to bacteriostatic levels by use of a mouthrinse which is 4 mM (0.014%) in
      hydrogen peroxide and 1 mM (0.0097%) in potassium thiocyanate at pH 5.5. The
      volume of the rinse, the H2O2 concentrations, and the pH were shown to be
      determinants of the concentration of OSCN- generated by the rinse.

PMID- 6578236
TI  - The effect of enamel de- and remineralization on permeability to iodide and urea.
AB  - Blocks of bovine enamel subjected to de- and remineralization were measured for
      changes in permeability to iodide and urea. Results were similar, indicating that
      the diffusion pathways for the two species were comparable, and that sites for
      iodide binding did not appear to exit.

PMID- 6578237
TI  - Taste thresholds, taste preferences, and dental caries in 15-year-olds.
AB  - In two groups of 15-year-olds--50 with a high and 50 with a low caries experience
      -recognition thresholds were determined for sweet, salty, sour, and bitter tastes
      and preferences for sweet taste, using a full-mouth technique. No statistically
      significant difference in thresholds could be found between the groups. No
      correlation between threshold values and preferences for sucrose could be
      established.

PMID- 6578238
TI  - Thermal shock resistance of porcelain discs.
AB  - Thermal shock testing of opaque porcelain-body porcelain discs and body porcelain
      discs was performed on three porcelain products. Significant differences exist
      between the mean failure temperature differentials, delta T, for the composite
      opaque-body porcelain discs. The residual tensile stress and the transient
      tensile stress distribution are more severe for one of the three porcelains
      tested.

PMID- 6578239
TI  - The three-point beam test for the evaluation of dental porcelain.
AB  - The three-point beam test is simple and extremely sensitive to surface
      conditions. It appears to be ideally suited to the evaluation of dental
      porcelain, but specimen fabrication is difficult. In this study, specimens of
      porcelain fired on platinum foil have been constructed using an alumina former.
      The results showed excellent specimen consistency and reproducibility. Of the
      surfaces investigated, the use of tin-oxide-coated platinum foil did not result
      in an increase in transverse strength.

PMID- 6578240
TI  - Comparison of in vitro and in vivo wear of composites.
AB  - In vitro wear data were determined for nine experimental composites and compared
      with two-year clinical data. The in vitro tests included single-pass wear and two
      body abrasion. The in vivo data were obtained between 1978 and 1980 for 54 class
      2 posterior composite restorations in 25 patients. Correlations between the in
      vitro and in vivo data were found with values of alpha less than 0.08.

PMID- 6578241
TI  - The influence of drawing parameters on the mechanical properties of two beta
      titanium alloys.
AB  - The total cold reduction and reduction per pass used during the drawing of fine
      wires affected the mechanical properties of two beta-titanium alloys. Both Ti
      11.5Mo-6Zr-4.5Sn and Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al showed increased yield strengths and low
      moduli of elasticity, which resulted in wires appropriate for orthodontic
      application.

PMID- 6578242
TI  - Effect of processing temperature on the properties of a polyvinyl chloride
      maxillofacial elastomer.
AB  - Mechanical properties and color of a plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
      maxillofacial elastomer were evaluated at processing temperatures from 140 to 190
      degrees C. The properties were dependent on processing temperature. Specimens
      prepared at 170 degrees C had optimum mechanical properties with minimal
      discoloration.

PMID- 6578243
TI  - Quality of education.

PMID- 6578244
TI  - Effect of percentage cut-off scores and scale point variation on preclinical
      project evaluation.
AB  - Several modifications were introduced in a criterion-referenced evaluation system
      to determine which modification would result in optimal evaluator reliability and
      performance differentiation on two representative wax-up projects. Variables
      investigated included the use of percentages as cut-off scores and the number of
      scoring options. The use of percentage cut-off scores to define minimal
      competency significantly increased intrajudge reliability for one of the two
      projects. Two-option scoring resulted in significantly higher rater agreement
      than three-option scoring in half of the comparisons.

PMID- 6578246
TI  - The ergonomic posture in a preclinical technique exercise.

PMID- 6578245
TI  - Evaluation of practical clinical examinations.
AB  - Few studies have examined the effectiveness of practical examinations in
      assessing the clinical competence of dental students. This paper describes a
      grading system that derives a significant portion of the senior student's grade
      from this type of examination. The impact of practical clinical examinations on
      two consecutive graduating classes (N = 258) was analyzed retrospectively.
      Students performed significantly worse on practical clinical examinations than on
      daily clinical procedures. Over 25 percent of the students who received A's on
      their daily clinical procedures received D's on practical examinations. Practical
      examinations provided a greater distribution in grade averages and minimized
      several well-documented clinical evaluation problems. Student response to this
      form of evaluation was mixed. The results of this two-year study suggest that
      practical examinations provide a different perspective on student abilities than
      do daily clinical grades.

PMID- 6578248
TI  - Survey practices in dental education research.
AB  - Approximately 40 percent of the data-based articles reported in the Journal of
      Dental Education in the last five years have used survey research procedures.
      This study examines the use of one type of survey procedure, mailed
      questionnaires, in research on dental education. Specifically, the discussion
      identifies several factors that dental education researchers should consider when
      reporting mailed questionnaire research to journal editors. These factors are
      discussed using examples of adequate and inadequate procedures reported in the
      method sections of studies in the Journal of Dental Education in the last five
      years.

PMID- 6578247
TI  - First-year experience with a performance simulation system.
AB  - Providing a preclinical learning environment for the undergraduate dental student
      that is realistic and representative of the clinical setting has been a concern
      to dental teachers. This article describes a system that provides consistency in
      the optimal relationship of the operator and patient while emphasizing a balanced
      postural position. The dental simulator provides an approach that is transferable
      to all aspects of clinical dental treatment. The student is involved in a
      learning experience that serves as a basis for future behavior that is consistent
      with comfort and efficiency in the delivery of dental care.

PMID- 6578249
TI  - Dental seniors' report on counseling in dental schools, 1983.

PMID- 6578250
TI  - Collaborative practice model: the future of dental hygiene.

PMID- 6578251
TI  - Psychomotor skills and technical ability in dental school.
AB  - Graduating dental students were grouped according to technical ability and
      compared with regard to admissions variables and a variety of psychomotor skills.
      Neither class of variable differentiated the groups. This article discusses
      implications for efforts to identify technically marginal students.

PMID- 6578252
TI  - Questioning in preclinical and clinical instruction.
AB  - Questioning has long been a basic teaching technique. Dental instructors are
      encouraged to use questions more frequently in preclinical and clinical courses.
      The objective of this educational method is to stimulate the independent thinking
      essential to daily practice and professional growth. This article discusses one
      category of questions and presents various strategies for questioning in the
      technique laboratory and clinic.

PMID- 6578253
TI  - Changes in dental students' personal needs and values.
AB  - Personality characteristics of dental students were studied longitudinally by
      means of the Allport-Vernon-Lindzey Study of Values and Edwards Personal
      Preference Schedule. There were no significant differences when 21 scale scores
      of seniors were compared to the scores obtained from the same students as
      freshmen. The lack of significant change indicated a minimal effect of dental
      education on the personal needs, values, and attitudes of students. Thus, it is
      essential that faculty know as much as possible about applicants' values and
      needs prior to their admission to dental school. Knowledge of these personality
      characteristics is also essential for teaching and reinforcing those attitudes
      and values that are believed to assist students in developing well-integrated
      personal and professional lives.

PMID- 6578254
TI  - General practice residency training and subsequent clinical production.
AB  - An increasing number of newly graduated dentists are entering general practice
      residency (GPR) training programs. These programs have been suggested as a means
      of coping with a rapidly expanding knowledge base without resorting to a
      mandatory fifth year of predoctoral education or increasing specialization within
      the profession. This study examines the relationship of general practice training
      to subsequent clinical production among dentists employed by the Indian Health
      Service. The quantity and type of services provided by a group of dentists with
      previous GPR training were compared to services provided by a group without
      similar training. After adjustment for years of service and number of dental
      auxiliaries, no significant differences between the groups were found. However,
      no inferences can be made about the appropriateness or quality of the services
      delivered based solely upon productivity data.

PMID- 6578255
TI  - Impact of general practice residency training on dentists and dental practice.
AB  - This study compared dentists who had completed general practice residency (GPR)
      training programs in 1974-76 with a similar group of dentists who had not (NGPR).
      Response to a mailed questionnaire indicated that the GPR group performed more
      oral surgery, periodontal surgery, and complex endodontic procedures and spent
      more time in the physical evaluation of patients. They also used the medical
      laboratory more frequently and tended to refer to specialists less often. GPR
      trained dentists had more hospital staff appointments, admitted more patients to
      the hospital, and performed a greater amount and range of services within the
      hospital than the NGPRs. GPRs tended to subscribe to and read more journals,
      teach, and publish research papers. There were no differences in participation in
      continuing education courses and professional meetings or in self-esteem as a
      general dentist.

PMID- 6578256
TI  - Teaching combined restorative periodontal procedures.

PMID- 6578257
TI  - Senior survey update: financial characteristics of dental school seniors, 1983.

PMID- 6578258
TI  - High frequency jet ventilation - its use in respiratory insufficiency. Two case
      reports.
AB  - High frequency jet ventilation was used in two patients with severe pulmonary
      disease, one of whom was deteriorating and the other not improving on a
      conventional regime of antibiotics, physiotherapy and intermittent positive
      pressure ventilation. In our first case high frequency jet ventilation was
      achieved using one side of a double lumen endotracheal tube, whilst intermittent
      positive pressure ventilation was applied to the other side. In the second case a
      specially designed endotracheal tube with a distal jetting orifice was employed.
      In both cases there was marked improvement in chest X-ray appearance, arterial
      blood gas analysis and clinical condition, permitting resumption of spontaneous
      ventilation, extubation and eventual discharge from the Intensive Therapy Unit.

PMID- 6578260
TI  - Block grants and fluoridation.

PMID- 6578259
TI  - The Church of High Condylectomy.

PMID- 6578261
TI  - Soft or hard bristles.

PMID- 6578262
TI  - Visible light-curing composite resins.

PMID- 6578263
TI  - Naming names.

PMID- 6578264
TI  - Knowledge and attitudes of schoolteachers toward oral health programs and
      preventive dentistry.
AB  - Because teachers often take on major roles in school dental health programs,
      three surveys were completed between 1973 and 1981 to measure teachers' attitudes
      and knowledge about oral health and their own participation in school programs.
      The questionnaires were sent to teachers whose schools were included in major
      dental caries preventive programs and teachers whose schools were not included in
      such programs. Results showed that: Teachers were quite willing to teach oral
      health topics and were willing to take on a wide range of teaching, but not
      administrative, responsibilities. Teachers' acceptance of these responsibilities
      appeared to decrease during the surveys, possibly as a function of school budget
      difficulties, indicating a need for incentives and positive rein-forcement.
      However, their acceptance of responsibilities was not affected by their
      participation in preventive programs. Schoolteachers had basic misinformation
      about the purposes of personal oral hygiene, and about the relative effectiveness
      of measures such as oral hygiene and consumption of fluoridated water in
      preventing dental caries. The preventive knowledge of teachers was unaffected by
      either the passage of time or participation in school preventive programs. A
      series of recommendations is given for the inservice education of school
      teachers.

PMID- 6578265
TI  - Long-term evaluation of treatment for myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome: a
      comparative analysis.
AB  - This paper reports the short-term and long-term results of conservative
      reversible treatment used in 175 patients with MPD syndrome. These results are
      compared with those from ten published papers in which investigators used either
      irreversible treatment methods, reversible methods, or a combination of both
      approaches. The treatment outcome results in this study were similar to those in
      all of the previously reported studies. These findings suggest that conservative
      reversible therapies are both sufficient and appropriate for management of MPD
      syndrome in most patients. Major alterations of mandibular position or
      dentoalveolar relationships do not appear to be necessary for obtaining either
      short-term or long-term success, and therefore they can be generally regarded as
      inappropriate treatment for this disorder.

PMID- 6578266
TI  - Oral Kaposi's sarcoma associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome among
      homosexual males.
AB  - Clinical disease states encountered in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
      (AIDS) have been reviewed with an emphasis on oral Kaposi's sarcoma. The disease
      is reaching epidemic proportions among homosexual males and is characterized by
      onset of fever, malaise, diarrhea, and lymphadenopathy. Subsequent to these
      initial nonspecific signs and symptoms, patients develop a variety of
      opportunistic infections or Kaposi's sarcoma (or both). The oral lesions of
      Kaposi's sarcoma are characterized by red, blue, or purple plaques or nodules
      encountered primarily, yet not exclusively on the palate. Other oral
      manifestations of AIDS include candidiasis and herpetic stomatitis. Epidemiologic
      studies suggest the probability of a transmissible agent, perhaps a virus. It is
      recommended that dental care should be rendered to these patients, using mask and
      gloves with autoclave sterilization of all instruments.

PMID- 6578267
TI  - Dental erosion resulting from chewable vitamin C tablets.
AB  - A patient had severe dental erosion that was attributed primarily to the daily
      chewing of vitamin C tablets for three years. Tests were done to demonstrate the
      acidity of vitamin C tablets and the demineralization of enamel by a solution
      made with a tablet. The causes for dental erosion and the varying patterns of
      erosion are reviewed.

PMID- 6578268
TI  - Cervical erosion involving the lingual surface of a mandibular canine and
      adjacent premolars.

PMID- 6578269
TI  - A summary of the NIDR community caries prevention demonstration program.

PMID- 6578270
TI  - 1983 National Children's Dental Health Month. Bureau of Health Education and
      Audiovisual Services.

PMID- 6578271
TI  - Allergic contact dermatitis induced by intratracheal administration of hapten.
AB  - It is known that the skin is the natural route for induction of allergic contact
      dermatitis (ACD). Because the lung is another potential portal of entry for
      sensitizing chemicals, studies were performed to evaluate immune responses to
      haptens deposited in the lung. As a result, a new method for inducing ACD was
      developed. Intratracheal (IT) inoculation of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid
      (TNBS) led to maximal ear swelling 24 hr after challenge on the ear with 2,4,6
      trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) in carrier. This response was specific for
      immunizing hapten. Furthermore, it was equally possible to induce ACD by
      intratracheal inoculation of trinitrophenyl- (TNP) modified bronchoalveolar cells
      (BAC) or haptenated spleen cells. Adoptive transfer studies demonstrated that the
      hypersensitivity that resulted from IT inoculation of TNBS or TNP BAC could be
      transferred with cells. With a monoclonal anti-hamster Ia reagent, it was
      demonstrated that, like Langerhans cells, 80 to 90% of cells in the bronchial
      lavage fluid expressed Ia determinants on their membrane. These cells were
      morphologically indistinguishable from macrophages. Because an individual is
      capable of being sensitized when hapten is introduced by the pulmonary or
      epicutaneous routes, the possibility is raised that the alveolar macrophages in
      the lung possess a similar capability for antigen presentation of hapten in the
      induction of ACD as does the Langerhans cell.

PMID- 6578272
TI  - Effect of infrared irradiation on the recoverable levels of free arachidonic acid
      and prostaglandins in human forearm skin.
AB  - The inside skin of the forearm of healthy volunteers was irradiated with an
      infrared (IR) lamp for 1 hr, resulting in the rapid appearance of an erythema and
      an elevation of skin surface temperature from 30 +/- 1 degree C to 38 +/- 2
      degrees C within 5 min. The erythema and elevated skin surface temperature
      decayed within 10-30 min when the IR irradiation was stopped. Suction blisters
      were raised on nonirradiated skin and on irradiated skin both during irradiation
      and at various times after irradiation stopped. Elevated levels of free
      arachidonic acid, PGE2, PGD2, PGF2 alpha and 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha were found up to 24
      h after irradiation. By 48 h the prostaglandin levels had returned to control
      values whereas the free arachidonic acid levels were still elevated at 72 h. The
      peak level of 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha appears between 0-6 h whereas for PGE2, D2, and F2
      alpha it is between 6-16 h, suggesting a different cellular source for this
      prostaglandin.

PMID- 6578273
TI  - Changes in arachidonic acid metabolism in UV-irradiated hairless mouse skin.
AB  - This study was conducted to investigate the metabolism of arachidonic acid in the
      skin of hairless mice exposed to UVA, PUVA, UVB, and UVC irradiation. The main
      products of arachidonic acid in the epidermis were hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
      (HETE), PGE2, and PGD2. Dermis displayed a lower lipoxygenase activity (expressed
      as HETE production) than the epidermis and showed no detectable cyclooxygenase
      activity, i.e., no prostaglandin production. The main changes observed in UV
      induced inflammatory reactions were as follows. 1. A 5-fold increase in dermal
      HETE production in PUVA-treated animals and a 29% reduction in epidermal HETE
      formation after UVC treatment. 2. A marked decrease of PGD2 and a marked increase
      of PGE2 formation due to alterations of PGH2 metabolism in the UVB-treated group;
      however, cyclooxygenase activity was unchanged. These changes in arachidonic acid
      metabolism in the skin may be of pathophysiologic importance in UV-induced
      inflammatory reaction.

PMID- 6578274
TI  - The design and construction of a radium and iridium carrying appliance to treat
      an oral carcinoma.

PMID- 6578275
TI  - A spoonful of sugar.

PMID- 6578276
TI  - [Pathogenesis and histogenesis of uterine leiomyoma and their correlation with
      the endocrine functions].

PMID- 6578277
TI  - [Relation between microbial status of the remaining infected dentin and pulpal
      response under various restorations--in the case of rat molars].

PMID- 6578278
TI  - [Molecular loci of nonreducible stable cross-link hydroxyaldolhistidine in bovine
      skin collagen].

PMID- 6578279
TI  - [Histopathological studies on mucous cell and ciliated cell in the odontogenic
      cysts].

PMID- 6578280
TI  - [Histopathological studies on crystalloids in ducts of human parotid glands].

PMID- 6578281
TI  - [Masticatory rhythms in persons wearing a postsurgical complete denture (using 4
      META resin and improved press-plate) as observed on EMG and MKG].

PMID- 6578282
TI  - [A genetic study on the morphology of the maxillary basal arch by twin method].

PMID- 6578283
TI  - [Histologic studies on the structure of the residual ridge in the edentulous
      mandible].

PMID- 6578284
TI  - [Observation on cervical enamel margins studied by scanning electron microscopy].

PMID- 6578285
TI  - [Contrast characteristics of Kodak Ektaspeed and ultra speed periapical films].

PMID- 6578286
TI  - [Occlusal contact of the complete denture during mastication].

PMID- 6578288
TI  - [Oral mucosal diseases and auto-antibodies].

PMID- 6578287
TI  - [Studies of endodontics with germ-free rats].

PMID- 6578289
TI  - [Human salivary proteins inhibiting the deposition of calcium phosphates].

PMID- 6578290
TI  - [Physical nature of composite resins hardened by visible lights].

PMID- 6578291
TI  - [Muscle toxicity of epinephrine and lidocaine].

PMID- 6578292
TI  - Development of annulate lamellae in mouse myeloblastic cell line when
      differentiated to macrophages.

PMID- 6578293
TI  - Treatment of (NZB x NZW)F1 disease with anti-I-A monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - (NZB x NZW)F1 mice spontaneously develop an autoimmune syndrome characterized by
      a fatal immune complex glomerulonephritis. Administration of monoclonal
      antibodies specific for an I region gene product (I-Az) of the H-2 haplotype
      associated with susceptibility to glomerulonephritis in these animals produced a
      remission in female mice with established renal disease. The results demonstrated
      that anti-I-A therapy stabilized the level of proteinuria and increased the 1-yr
      survival rate from 10% to greater than 90% in treated animals relative to control
      mice. These findings may ultimately have therapeutic potential for the treatment
      of systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 6578294
TI  - Genetic interactions in Streptomyces rimosus mediated by conjugation and by
      protoplast fusion.
AB  - The development of a protoplast fusion technique for oxytetracycline-producing
      Streptomyces rimosus strains, and its evaluation for the application for a
      breeding programme, has been described. Treatment of S. rimosus protoplasts with
      40% (w/v) PEG 1550 for 30 min gave optimal numbers of recombinants ranging from 1
      to 10% of the total progeny. Therefore, by comparison with conjugation,
      protoplast fusion increased the frequency of recombination by two to three orders
      of magnitude. The proportion of multiple crossover classes amongst recombinants
      was higher, by a factor of ten, after protoplast fusion (13.3%) than after
      conjugation (1.5%). Participation of less frequent complementary genotype doubled
      from 9.0% in conjugation to 17.9% in protoplast fusion. Overall, this suggested
      that the opportunities for crossing over in a fusion of S. rimosus protoplasts
      were spatially and/or temporally extended leading to a loosening of linkage with
      a near-random assortment of genotypes in a cross. However, by minimizing the
      multiple crossover classes and calculating allele frequency gradients, it was
      shown that the protoplast fusion technique allows arrangement of genetic markers
      on the S. rimosus chromosome. These are ideal characteristics for the
      recombination of divergent lines in a strain improvement programme.

PMID- 6578295
TI  - [Acute monoblastic leukemia with chromosome 11 deletion and complex
      translocation].

PMID- 6578296
TI  - Double minutes - new markers in cells of human solid tumors.

PMID- 6578297
TI  - [Congenital chromosomal anomalies in 2 children with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia].

PMID- 6578298
TI  - [Cytogenetic markers and Burkitt-type malignant lymphomas].

PMID- 6578299
TI  - [Translocation (8q-; 21q+) with loss of chromosome Y in acute myeloblastic
      leukemia in children].

PMID- 6578300
TI  - Platelet phenolsulphotransferase activity in Parkinson's disease.
AB  - Mean platelet phenolsulphotransferase activity was significantly increased in L
      dopa-treated parkinsonian patients compared with controls. The degree of rise was
      associated with dose of and duration of treatment with L-dopa and may thus
      represent an adaptive increase to circulating dopamine. Alternatively, the
      increase may reflect changes supervening with duration of illness.

PMID- 6578301
TI  - Effects of dopaminergic drugs on cerebellar prostaglandin concentrations.
AB  - Previous data indicate that the injection of dopaminergic drugs induces changes
      in cerebellar 3',5'-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content. Accordingly, we have
      investigated the effects of haloperidol, sulpiride, or apomorphine on cerebellar
      prostaglandin (PG) concentration, a parameter related to cGMP content. Results
      obtained show that dopamine receptor blocking agents, such as haloperidol and
      sulpiride, significantly decrease cerebellar PGE2 and PGF2 alpha concentrations,
      while opposite changes are induced by apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist.

PMID- 6578302
TI  - A study on peanut lectin-binding sites in mucoepidermoid tumors of the oral
      cavity.

PMID- 6578303
TI  - Enzyme patterns and the properties of glycolysis in rabbit masseters.

PMID- 6578304
TI  - Journal interview: James L. Palmisano, NJDA President. Will a two-year presidency
      and financial reimbursement be Palmisano's legacy to future NJDA presidents?

PMID- 6578305
TI  - The importance of being earnest in orthodontic treatment planning.

PMID- 6578306
TI  - An evaluation of dental pain using visual analogue scales and the Mcgill Pain
      Questionnaire.
AB  - A verbal and a visual scale to assess pain, the McGill Pain Questionnaire and the
      Visual Analogue Scales, were administered to 50 patients suffering from pulpitis
      and 50 patients suffering from pericoronitis. The results show that words chosen
      to describe dental pain of different etiologies include throbbing, sharp, aching,
      and annoying. Additional descriptive words used by patients with pulpitis,
      pericoronitis, and postoperative dental pain are sore and shooting and tender.
      Women who have pulpitis and pericoronitis report higher levels of pain than do
      men. The greater sensitivity of the scores obtained from the variables, number of
      words chosen, and pain rating intensity scale not only showed a significant
      difference between males and females, but also could distinguish between the two
      dental conditions. The value of the MPQ as a diagnostic tool in cases where it is
      difficult to elucidate the cause is limited.

PMID- 6578307
TI  - Subjacent heat production during tissue excision with electrosurgery.
AB  - A study was designed to document heat production subjacent to tissue excision by
      electrosurgery. In Phase I of the study, 20 electrosurgery excisions were made
      with a loop electrode in the palatal mucosa of miniature swine. Subjacent heat
      production was measured with implantation thermistors. Temperature measurements
      adjacent to 20 single incisions made with a needle electrode were used for
      comparison. Energy used and duration of active electrode contact with the tissue
      were recorded for each procedure with an electronic measuring device. In Phase
      II, 20 sets of excisions consisting of three successive excisions were performed.
      The following intraexcisional cooling periods were used for four sets each: 1
      second, 5 seconds, 8 seconds, 10 seconds, and 15 seconds. Results indicate that
      single electrosurgery excisions with a loop electrode generate more energy than
      incisions made with a needle electrode. Subjacent heat production, however, is
      not significantly different. Cooling intervals of at least 15 seconds between
      successive electrosurgery excisions made with a loop electrode are necessary to
      prevent heat build-up of a magnitude capable of initiating destructive alveolar
      changes.

PMID- 6578308
TI  - Cortex-to-cortex healing after mandibular osteotomy.
AB  - Cortex-to-cortex healing is frequently attempted following orthognathic surgical
      procedures. This paper reports the results of in vivo experiments to investigate
      the healing process when two cortical surfaces are conjoined and discusses the
      implications in relation to the surgical correction of mandibular prognathism.

PMID- 6578309
TI  - Leiomyoma of the right lower gingiva: a case and a review of the Japanese
      Literature.

PMID- 6578310
TI  - The styloid process as an anatomic hindrance in orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6578311
TI  - Stabilization of the proximal segment in sagittal split osteotomy: a new
      technique.
AB  - A technique to control the proximal segment in sagittal osteotomies of the
      mandibular ramus using modified stainless steel mini-plates is described. It does
      require special instrumentation. However, it allows a physiologic repositioning
      of the proximal segment and simultaneously prevents the undesirable aspects of
      displacement attendant to other techniques.

PMID- 6578312
TI  - A simplified technique for drilling intraosseous holes in orbital rim fractures.

PMID- 6578313
TI  - Clips for the control of hemorrhage from the bitemporal scalp flap.

PMID- 6578314
TI  - Instrument-marking tapes: an unnecessary hazard.
AB  - Instrument-marking tapes facilitate instrument preparation and packaging but can
      be responsible for increased surgical morbidity by fragmenting into the wound or
      harboring bacteria when old or damaged. Four cases of submandibular abscess
      formation and the potential failure of an oro-antral closure were directly
      attributed to the use of marking tapes.

PMID- 6578315
TI  - Bone marrow aspirations to monitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6578316
TI  - Congenital dysautonomia with secretory diarrhea.
AB  - A 1-year-old boy was evaluated because of failure-to-thrive and persistent
      diarrhea. His illness was characterized by autonomic dysfunction sharing some
      features of both familial dysautonomia and congenital sensory neuropathy with
      anhidrosis, but was consistent with neither diagnosis. The gastrointestinal tract
      was involved: esophageal motility was abnormal and moderate secretory diarrhea
      was present. This report documents an unusual case of congenital autonomic
      dysfunction with secretory diarrhea.

PMID- 6578317
TI  - The usefulness of percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy in infants and
      children.
AB  - During the past 2 years percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy has been
      employed to help establish or confirm diagnosis in 32 infants and children. A 22
      gauge needle is used to aspirate the site of suspected disease. For lesions
      inside the chest or abdomen, the needle is guided with the help of fluoroscopy,
      ultrasound, or computed tomography (CT) scan. Nineteen of the 32 patients had
      malignant disease, including lymphoma, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's
      sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and leukemia. In all patients with solid tumors, tissue
      obtained at operation confirmed the accuracy of the diagnosis. In seven children
      with suspiciously enlarged lymph nodes, an open biopsy was avoided when the
      needle aspirate was clearly benign. In four children, the early appearance of
      metastatic or recurrent malignancy was confirmed without the need for open
      biopsy. In this small series, there were no false-negative or false-positive
      needle aspirates, and no complications directly related to the procedure. The
      skill and experience of the cytopathologist is essential to the success of this
      technique. Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy is a safe and reliable
      alternative method of establishing a diagnosis in infants and children with
      suspected malignant disease.

PMID- 6578318
TI  - The effect of metronidazole on human periodontal disease. A clinical and
      bacteriological study.
AB  - Fifteen female subjects undergoing treatment for nonspecific vaginitis with
      metronidazole 250 mg q.i.d. for 7 days were studied. Clinical and microbiological
      evaluations were carried out initially and at 2 and 4 weeks. The following
      parameters were measured in two quadrants: plaque index, sulcular bleeding index,
      pocket depth, attachment level and amount of gingival fluid. Dark field
      microscopy was used to quantitate the plaque constituents. One quadrant was
      subjected to root planing at the initial visit; the other quadrant received no
      therapy. No oral hygiene instructions were given. All the clinical parameters
      were significantly reduced in all areas. Gingival fluid, sulcular bleeding index
      and pocket depth showed greater improvement in the root-planed quadrant compared
      to the nonroot-planed quadrant. Dark field microscopy showed decreases in
      fusiforms, curved rods and spirochetes in all areas with a concomitant increase
      in cocci. The root-planed quadrant showed no significant differences in
      microbiological aspects when compared to the nonplaned quadrant. Clinically,
      metronidazole therapy resulted in improvement of periodontal status with some
      additional but small enhancement due to root planing. Microbiologically,
      metronidazole dramatically changed the quality of plaque with no supplemental
      effect when root planing was added.

PMID- 6578319
TI  - Association between smoking different tobacco products and periodontal disease
      indexes.
AB  - Six indexes of periodontal health were recorded in cigarette smokers, pipe/cigar
      smokers and nonsmokers from the Veterans Administration Dental Longitudinal
      Study. These indexes included calculus deposition, plaque accumulation, gingival
      inflammation, periodontal pocket depth, alveolar bone loss and tooth mobility.
      Cigarette smokers had significantly more calculus deposition than pipe/cigar
      smokers, although both smoker groups had more calculus than nonsmokers. Cigarette
      smokers accumulated slightly less plaque than pipe/cigar smokers, and both smoker
      groups accumulated less plaque than nonsmokers. Gingival inflammation and tooth
      mobility did not differ between smokers and nonsmokers, nor between the two
      smoker groups. Cigarette smokers had significantly greater pocket depth than
      nonsmokers, in contrast to pipe/cigar smokers who were not different from
      nonsmokers. Radiographic measurements indicated that cigarette smokers had
      significantly more alveolar bone loss than either pipe/cigar or nonsmokers. After
      covariance adjustment for age and calculus, all smokers had less plaque, gingival
      inflammation and tooth mobility than nonsmokers, similar periodontal pocket
      depth, but only cigarette smokers had greater bone loss. This finding of greater
      alveolar bone loss in cigarette smokers suggests a tobacco product-related effect
      in systemic physiologic action.

PMID- 6578320
TI  - Evaluation of periodontal probing forces.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to evaluate interexaminer and intraexaminer probing
      force variations in various regions of the mouth and adjacent to different tooth
      surfaces. Fifty-eight dental clinicians composed of 13 periodontists, 15 general
      dentists, 15 hygienists and 15 senior dental students probed the facial surfaces
      of periodontally healthy volunteers with a modified pressure-sensitive
      periodontal probe. The forces used during probing were calculated and analyzed by
      analysis of variance and t-statistics. There was wide variation in probing forces
      used by individuals within each clinician group. No statistical differences
      between the groups in mean probing force or absolute range of probing force could
      be detected. When pooled data were analyzed, it was found that the clinicians:
      (1) used probing forces ranging from 5 to 135 g, (2) probed in posterior regions
      with greater force than in anterior regions, and (3) probed midfacial, mesial and
      distal gingival units with different force. Midfacial regions were probed with
      the lightest force and distal regions with the heaviest force.

PMID- 6578321
TI  - Squamous odontogenic proliferation with probable origin from the rests of
      Malassez (early squamous odontogenic tumor?).
AB  - A case is presented documenting an apparent nonreactive squamous odontogenic
      proliferation of the rests of Malassez. The nonreactive nature of the tumor is
      discussed along with the possible association between this lesion and the
      recently reported squamous odontogenic tumor.

PMID- 6578322
TI  - Acute effects of antidiuretic hormone on urinary prostaglandin excretion.
AB  - Although it is well established that chronic treatment with antidiuretic hormone
      increases renal prostaglandin (PG) excretion, the effects of short-term infusions
      are controversial. Therefore, in the present study the effect of acute
      administration of arginine vasopressin on urinary PG excretion was investigated
      in conscious Brattleboro rats and in water-diuresing Long-Evans rats. Water
      balance was kept constant during arginine vasopressin infusion. Arginine
      vasopressin caused a significant, dose-related and reversible increase in urinary
      PG excretion within 20 min in both models. Similar results were obtained during
      the infusion of 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin in the Brattleboro rat.
      Normalization of the hydropenia of Brattleboro rats by infusion of large amounts
      of hypotonic fluid failed to elevate urinary PG excretion. These results give no
      support to the hypothesis that the acute enhancement of urinary PG excretion by
      vasopressin is mediated through either vasoconstriction or volume retention or
      induction of cyclooxygenase, but rather they indicate that antidiuretic hormone
      can increase renal PG synthesis through a more direct mechanism in vivo.

PMID- 6578323
TI  - Eating disorders.

PMID- 6578324
TI  - Changes in jaw relations, hyoid position, and head posture in complete denture
      wearers.
AB  - In a group of 18 partially edentulous patients provided with immediate complete
      dentures, changes in hyoid bone position and craniocervical posture were examined
      on cephalometric radiographs made during 1 year of denture use. The findings
      indicated that the changes in hyoid bone position largely followed the pattern of
      forward-upward rotation of the mandible due to ridge resorption. During this
      course the hyoid position in relation to the cervical spine showed a mean
      increase. The hyocervical changes, however, showed less variability than the
      hyomaxillary and hyomandibular changes. The posture of the head and cervical
      column showed no definite mean changes during the 1-year period. On the other
      hand, analysis of individual changes revealed that a pronounced decrease in
      mandibular inclination due to ridge resorption was associated with retroclination
      of the cervical column and decreased craniocervical angulation. These postural
      changes may be regarded as adaptive changes to a marked initial change in
      mandibular position.

PMID- 6578325
TI  - Use of the segmented LeFort I osteotomy to correct severe extrusion of maxillary
      posterior teeth or tuberosities.
AB  - The segmented LeFort I osteotomy technique is presented as a surgical alternative
      for the correction of severe posterior maxillary vertical excess prior to
      prosthodontic procedures. It allows the extruded maxillary dento-osseous segment
      to be retained and a normal plane of occlusion to be reestablished. The superior
      visibility, accessibility, and versatility afforded by the segmented LeFort I
      osteotomy technique make it particularly suited to the correction of severe
      posterior maxillary excess.

PMID- 6578326
TI  - The radiographic examination of edentulous patients.

PMID- 6578328
TI  - An experimental diamond stone: a preliminary report.

PMID- 6578327
TI  - Marginal fracture not a predictor of longevity for two dental amalgam alloys: a
      ten-year study.

PMID- 6578329
TI  - A mold technique for construction of orbital prostheses.
AB  - The technique described provides a simplified method for construction of molds
      for orbital prostheses. This technique results in molds that permit the
      fabrication of initial and duplicate flexible prostheses that accommodate a
      single ocular component.

PMID- 6578330
TI  - A method for controlling the thickness of hollow obturator prostheses.
AB  - A technique for the construction of a hollow obturator prosthesis has been
      described. The obturator prosthesis has the advantage of being formed with
      entirely heat-cured material, and the thickness of the hollow extension can
      easily be controlled.

PMID- 6578331
TI  - Controlling the porosity and density of silicone rubber prosthetic materials.
AB  - The chemical components of the four silicone rubber polymers were reviewed.
      Methods of controlling the porosity and density of both the one-component
      semisolid prepolymer and the two-component fluid prepolymer systems were
      evaluated. The variables examined were deairing of the fluid systems; trial
      packing, pressure sealing, and processing of the semisolid materials; injection
      versus hand packing of the mold; the effects of moist-heat versus dry-heat
      application during processing; and the need for investment of the mold within the
      confines of a closed flask. It can be concluded that porosity of medical-grade
      silicone rubber polymers may be totally prevented, or accurately controlled, by
      proper handling techniques.

PMID- 6578332
TI  - The prevalence of mandibular dysfunction. Part II: A multiphasic dysfunction
      profile.
AB  - The frequency of occurrence of 20 signs and symptoms commonly associated with
      mandibular dysfunction was used to numerically rate the clinical severity of
      mandibular dysfunction. Some signs and symptoms had a clearly direct relationship
      whereas other signs demonstrated a diminished direct relationship, no
      relationship, or an inverse relationship in advanced dysfunction stages. Further
      study is needed to determine if there exists an exact relationship of some
      clinical signs to mandibular dysfunction.

PMID- 6578333
TI  - Analysis of jaw movements in patients with temporomandibular joint click.
AB  - Although TMJ click is common, its relationship to subjective and objective
      evaluation and the position of the click within the envelope of motion is not
      fully understood. This study attempted to correlate these entities in 21
      patients. Although specific conclusions are difficult to make from this study,
      the findings suggest the following: The most important etiologic factors in the
      click are bruxism, clenching, an occlusal slide from centric relation to centric
      occlusion of more than 1 mm, and lateral deviation. The most important clinical
      sign of TMJ clicking is palpable soreness in the lateral pterygoid and temporal
      muscles. Over 50% of patients with a click have bilateral click. A click occurs
      least often in retruded closing movement (7%) and most often in habitual movement
      (37%). Although it appears that closure in the retruded position may avoid click,
      further evaluation of the presence of click in retruded opening movement is
      indicated. A mean mandibular lateral deviation of 2.2 mm anteriorly is observed
      at the time of click.

PMID- 6578334
TI  - An aid for verifying the nature of dental casting alloys.
AB  - A geologic field test was modified for determining the presence of gold in dental
      alloys. This qualitative test gave positive evidence for the presence of gold in
      most of the alloy samples tested containing 59% or more gold. It is recommended
      that dentists use this procedure for color comparison of castings to alloy ingot
      samples of known composition. More definitive professional assaying may be
      desired for confirmation.

PMID- 6578335
TI  - Fabrication of a posterior shade guide for removable partial dentures.
AB  - Even under the best circumstances, posterior tooth color discrimination is still
      a subjective decision. Most shade guides do not follow a logical pattern in
      number or graduation of Hue, Value, and Chroma. Moreover, the shade guides are
      only obtainable with anterior teeth, usually maxillary central incisors. The
      fabrication of a first premolar shade guide is a step in the direction of making
      the posterior esthetic requirements more easily attainable for the dentist and
      the final result more satisfying for the patient. One can also use the various
      "broken sets" of acrylic resin teeth to achieve the necessary combination of
      posterior shades if cost is a factor and uniformity in molds is not required.

PMID- 6578336
TI  - Fabrication of duplicate mouth guards.

PMID- 6578337
TI  - Template for accurate tooth reduction.

PMID- 6578338
TI  - Nutritional problems of the aged.

PMID- 6578339
TI  - A six-year retrospective study of Molloplast-B-lined dentures. Part I: Patient
      response.
AB  - A 6-year retrospective investigation elicited patient response to wearing
      Molloplast-B-lined dentures with the following results: 1. For nearly all the
      patients wearing a Molloplast-B-lined denture, their ability to wear it
      comfortably outweighs its disadvantages. 2. Nearly all the patients (95.4%) would
      elect to have a new soft-lined denture should their present one need replacement.
      3. Nearly all the patients (93%) thought that their soft-lined dentures were more
      comfortable than their previous conventional acrylic resin ones. 4. Molloplast-B
      lined dentures offered comfort to a significant number of patients in this study
      who had had a history of chronic discomfort with the wearing of conventional
      acrylic resin dentures. 5. The presence of a retracted tongue habit is likely to
      decrease the patient's satisfaction with the dentures.

PMID- 6578340
TI  - Determination of the accuracy of laminated wax interocclusal wafers.
AB  - The variables that were selected as relevant factors in the production of
      inaccuracy in laminated wax interocclusal wafers were found to be highly
      significant statistically, mostly with confidence levels greater than 99%. These
      confidence levels, however, relate to experimental comparisons in the absence of
      any absolute standard. Clinical impact is difficult to assess without such
      standards. Laminated wax interocclusal wafers are highly technique sensitive.
      Variations in treatment and handling procedures are important factors in
      assessing their accuracy. Wafers that were both laminated and metalized were
      found to be the most accurate and dimensionally stable. However, exact
      reproductions of the original wax recordings are unlikely and were not achieved
      in this investigation.

PMID- 6578342
TI  - A kinematic investigation of mandibular border movement by means of an electronic
      measuring system. Part I: Development of the measuring system.

PMID- 6578341
TI  - The surface of composite resin finished with instruments and matrices.

PMID- 6578343
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the mandibular staple bone plate.
AB  - Some of the problems in the use of the mandibular staple bone plate are improper
      placement of the implant labiolingually, gingival reaction around the pins, and
      compression loading of the implant. The use of the patient's denture to determine
      proper angulation and the preparation of the transosteal posts can eliminate
      improper placement. Mucogingival grafting can be used to treat the inflammatory
      gingival reaction around the posts, and compression loading can be controlled by
      proper recognition during processing, placement, and patient education.

PMID- 6578344
TI  - Surgical and prosthodontic reconstruction of the severely handicapped edentulous
      patient.
AB  - There is among some prosthodontists a negative attitude toward preprosthetic
      reconstructive surgery because of previous poor experience with reconstructive or
      preprosthetic surgical procedures. Such experiences may have resulted from the
      limitations of techniques previously used; and, therefore, the prosthodontist may
      resort to conventional prosthodontic techniques. There are, however, limits to
      what can be achieved with special impression techniques, tooth form and
      placement, and so forth. This article was written not only to present the
      rationale of current techniques but to encourage the prosthodontist to consider
      and present to the severely handicapped edentulous patient the choice of
      preprosthetic reconstructive surgery.

PMID- 6578345
TI  - A technique for the fabrication of the open obturator.
AB  - Obturator prostheses are often large and heavy. As an alternative to a lighter
      hollow obturator, a technique for fabrication of the open obturator has been
      presented. Use of a removable silicone core facilitates processing, recovery, and
      polishing of an obturator that is open superiorly.

PMID- 6578347
TI  - Physical therapy as an adjunct to temporomandibular joint therapy.

PMID- 6578346
TI  - Daily variations in occlusal contacts.
AB  - In this study the location and severity of occlusal contacts in the morning and
      evening on 3 separate days were recorded for 10 women. Biofeedback therapy was
      used after evening recordings to encourage muscle relaxation. The findings
      suggest that occlusion and occlusal contacts change throughout the day and depend
      on the physical state of the masticatory muscles and the mental state of the
      patient. Although this conclusion is understandable, its effects on the
      philosophies of occlusal rehabilitation are questionable. Further studies are
      needed to evaluate the significance of the contact variations in occlusal
      restorations placed at different times.

PMID- 6578348
TI  - The role of the human synovial fibroblast in monosodium urate crystal-induced
      synovitis.
AB  - Human synovial fibroblasts (HSF) have been cultured to identify and quantitate
      arachidonate metabolites released after exposure to monosodium urate (MSU)
      crystals. These crystals caused a significant release of PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha. Media lactate dehydrogenase levels from MSU-exposed HSF were equal to
      controls. Serum was required for the increase in metabolite release. Indomethacin
      and dexamethasone inhibited metabolite release, whereas colchicine increased
      metabolite release. MSU (1 mg/ml) released hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE)
      from HSF whereas 20-fold higher doses were required to release these metabolites
      from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Colchicine increased but lipoxygenase
      inhibitors decreased HETE synthesis. Arachidonate metabolites from HSF may
      contribute to the pathogenesis of crystal-provoked synovitides.

PMID- 6578349
TI  - Clinical pathologic osteoarthritis workshop. Queen's University, Kingston,
      Ontario, Canada, August 12-15, 1982. Proceedings.

PMID- 6578350
TI  - Progress of periodontal disease, diagnosis and prediction of change.

PMID- 6578351
TI  - Should New Zealand have hygienists?

PMID- 6578352
TI  - The aetiology of periodontal disease.

PMID- 6578353
TI  - Immediate tonsillectomy in the presence of quinsy.
AB  - The major advantages of immediate tonsillectomy in the treatment of peritonsillar
      abscess include rapid relief of symptoms, a short hospital stay, and elimination
      of a subsequent interval tonsillectomy. The procedure performed 26 times under
      routine general anesthesia with intubation over a two year period proved safe and
      effective.

PMID- 6578355
TI  - Retinal detachment after cataract removal.

PMID- 6578354
TI  - Lipid Research Clinics Program reference values for hyperlipidemia and
      hypolipidemia.
AB  - Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride distributions have been established for
      60,502 participants in a survey of ten separate, well-defined North American
      populations. Lipoprotein cholesterol levels were measured in a 7,055-person
      random sample of the white participants. From these data, new age- and sex
      specific reference values have been selected for the diagnosis of hyperlipidemia
      and hypolipidemia. The use of these new reference values for population screening
      would result in the conditions of more young subjects being diagnosed as
      hypercholesterolemic and a very significant decrease in the proportion of the
      adult population being diagnosed as having hypertriglyceridemia.

PMID- 6578356
TI  - Migration of a permanent central venous catheter.

PMID- 6578357
TI  - [Eosinophilia following radiation therapy in children].

PMID- 6578358
TI  - [Cytogenetic study of the exfoliated cells from urothelial tumor patients:
      observation of chromosome of exfoliated cells].

PMID- 6578359
TI  - A theory of the etiology and pathogenesis of human cutaneous malignant melanoma.

PMID- 6578360
TI  - Homogeneously staining regions and double minutes in a human cell line: chromatin
      organization and DNA content.
AB  - Homogeneously staining regions (HSR) and double minutes, two novel chromosome
      abnormalities, are believed to represent sites of gene amplification. The basic
      organization of chromatin in an HSR in a human neuroblastoma cell line was shown,
      by electron microscopy, to be similar to that in a normal chromosome. Double
      minutes from another human neuroblastoma cell line were found, by dry mass
      determination, to contain an average of 1.41 X 10(-14) g DNA. This quantity
      corresponds to 6.38 X 10(3) kilobase DNA per double minute.

PMID- 6578361
TI  - Cell surface proteins and glycoproteins from biologically different human colon
      carcinoma cell lines.
AB  - Six cultured human colon cancer cell lines possessing different biological
      characteristics were enzymatically radiolabeled in situ with 125I and 3H, and the
      labeled cell surface proteins and glycoproteins were compared. The
      electrophoretic patterns of labeled cell surface material suggest correlations
      between biological properties and cell surface proteins. Highly aggressive cell
      lines (as assessed by in vitro parameters) had predominant peaks of 125I-labeled
      proteins between molecular weights 66,000 and 92,500. The major peak of
      radioiodinated material from the more indolent cell lines occurred between
      molecular weights 31,000 and 45,000. The profile of one 125I-labeled
      intermediately aggressive cell line was similar to the profiles of the more
      aggressive lines, whereas another intermediate line exhibited a profile different
      from those of both indolent and aggressive lines. Electrophoresis of tritiated
      material indicated that essentially all of the recovered labeled glycoprotein was
      of relatively high molecular weight (92,000-180,000) in the indolent lines,
      whereas the intermediate and highly aggressive lines had patterns with
      significant peaks between molecular weights 45,000 and 92,500.

PMID- 6578362
TI  - A case-control study of dietary and nondietary factors in ovarian cancer.
AB  - A case-control study is presented that estimates ovarian cancer risk for various
      factors, including diet. Data collected by interview between 1957 and 1965 for
      274 white women aged 30-79 years with epithelial carcinoma of the ovary are
      compared to data similarly collected for 1,034 hospital controls. Relative risk
      estimates are presented for the total group as well as for premonopausal (ages 30
      49) and postmenopausal (ages 50-79) are groups. In the total group, cancer risk
      increased with increasing age at first marriage (P less than .01) and previous
      history of benign breast disease (P less than 0.1), and risk decreased with
      increasing number of previous pregnancies (P less than .01). In the 50- to 79
      year age group, a marginally significant trend for decreasing risk with
      increasing obesity was observed (P less than .10). There was no significant risk
      (i.e., P less than .10) associated with the consumption of alcohol, cigarettes,
      coffee, tea, total dietary protein, vitamin C, or fat at any age. In the 30- to
      49-year age group only, increased risk (P less than .01) was seen in women
      reporting diets low in fiber and vitamin A from fruit and vegetable sources.
      Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the apparent protective effect of
      vitamin A in the 30- to 49-year age group (but not dietary fiber) was independent
      of the nondietary factors analyzed in this study (P less than .05).

PMID- 6578363
TI  - Cytogenetic studies of human breast cancer lines: MCF-7 and derived variant
      sublines.
AB  - Cytogenetic studies of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and the sublines
      derived from it demonstrated extensive aneuploidy with both numerical and
      structural abnormalities and a wide range of heteroploidy. Detailed G-banding
      analyses showed that loss of marker chromosomes was a rare event, while formation
      of additional structural abnormalities was very common in these long-term
      cultures. All chromosomes were involved in these abnormalities. Loss of a
      morphologically normal X-chromosome may be related to the loss of estrogen
      receptors in these cell lines. With the exception of one subline, all cell lines
      had a short homogeneously staining region (HSR) on chromosome 7. Although the
      parent MCF-7 line had tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase levels within the normal
      range, a lengthened HSR has been found in MCF-7 lines that are resistant to
      methotrexate. This observation strongly favors the association of an increased
      level of tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase with HSR. In conclusion, the inherent
      genetic instability in this group of related cell lines may explain the
      heterogeneity found in this tumor. Continuous chromosomal rearrangements and
      numerical changes may reflect an ongoing process of selection and adaptation in
      these cell lines established from a breast carcinoma and may be characteristic of
      the aggressiveness of this neoplasm.

PMID- 6578364
TI  - Trends in the incidence of leukemia in Denmark, 1943-77: an epidemiologic study
      of 14,000 patients.
AB  - An epidemiologic study of the total population of patients with leukemia in
      Denmark during 1943-77 was performed with special emphasis on time trends. The
      material stemmed from the national Danish Cancer Registry and was believed to be
      virtually complete. Of the 13,813 patients, 40% had acute leukemia; 40%, chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia; patients, 40% had acute leukemia; 40%, chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia; and 20%, chronic myeloid leukemia. Over the 35-year period, the
      incidence of acute leukemia increased threefold in the age groups 0-9 and 50-70+
      years; whereas the increase in the age group 0-9 years climaxed in the 5-year
      period 1968-72, and the increase in the age group 50-70+ years was sustained. The
      incidence of chronic lymphocytic and chronic myeloid leukemia remained unchanged.
      No geographic pattern was discernible.

PMID- 6578365
TI  - Large bowel cancer in women in relation to reproductive and hormonal factors: a
      case-control study.
AB  - A community-based case-control study of the effect of reproductive factors on
      risk of large bowel cancer in Australia is described. The study involved 155
      cases (99 colon cancer, 56 rectal cancer) and 311 controls who were interviewed
      with regard to pregnancies and their outcomes, lactation, menstrual history, and
      oral contraceptive (OC) use. Increasing parity was associated with a decreasing
      risk of colon cancer; para 0, relative risk (RR)=1; para 1-2, RR=0.9, 95%
      confidence interval (CI)=0.4-1.8; para greater than or equal to 3, RR=0.4, 95%
      CI=0.2-0.8; later age at first live birth (AFLB) was associated with increasing
      risk (AFLB less than or equal to 21 yr, RR=1; 22-25 yr, RR=2.3, 95% CI=1.0-5.5;
      greater than or equal to 26 yr, RR=2.7, 95% CI=1.2-6.2). These effects were
      independent of each other. Parity appeared to exert its predominant effect on
      risk of cancer of the right colon. OC use was more common among controls than
      cases (RR=0.5; 95% CI=0.3-1.2 for ever vs. never users) and showed a dose
      response effect in multiple logistic analysis. The pattern of point-estimate RR
      for rectal cancer was largely congruent with those for colon cancer but was not
      significantly different from 1.0.

PMID- 6578366
TI  - Determinants of ovarian cancer risk. I. Reproductive experiences and family
      history.
AB  - Reproductive experiences and family history were assessed in 215 white females
      with epithelial ovarian cancer and in 215 control women matched by age, race, and
      residence. Pregnancy exerted a strong protective effect against ovarian cancer,
      which increased with the number of live-born children. After adjustment for
      parity, an effect of age at first live birth and breast-feeding was not apparent.
      Menstrual events did not differ significantly between cases and controls,
      although cases were more likely to have had an earlier menopause and less likely
      to have had a surgical menopause. Women with ovarian cancer had more frequently
      used menopausal hormones in cyclic fashion compared to controls. Regarding family
      history, women with ovarian cancer more frequently reported consanguinity in
      their ancestry and a highly frequency of primary relatives with cancer of the
      colon, lung, ovary, and prostate gland.

PMID- 6578367
TI  - Determinants of ovarian cancer risk. II. Inferences regarding pathogenesis.
AB  - Entrapment of surface epithelium within the ovarian stroma was proposed as an
      initial event in the pathogenesis of cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. Subsequent
      events, including differentiation, proliferation, and eventual malignant
      transformation of the entrapped epithelium, may occur as a consequence of
      stimulation by estrogen or estrogen precursors. These events were more likely
      when the steroid producing stroma itself had been stimulated by high
      gonadotropins. Animal experiments suggested that gonadotropin excess and stromal
      stimulation may result by disturbing normal feedback inhibition between ovary and
      pituitary or by destroying ovarian follicles. By analogy, in humans, a number of
      common chemicals and drugs may increase gonadotropins by enhancing estrogen
      degradation in the liver or by directly stimulating production by the pituitary.
      Elevated gonadotropins may also result via mechanisms that cause primary ovarian
      failure including pelvic irradiation, exposure to chemicals or metabolites toxic
      to follicles, or ovarian infections such as mumps.

PMID- 6578368
TI  - Mitochondrial toxicity of 2,5-diaziridinyl-3,6-bis-(carboethoxyamino)-1,4
      benzoquinone.
AB  - 2,5-Diaziridinyl-3,6-bis-(carboethoxyamino)-1,4-benzoquinone (AZQ) is an
      antitumor agent characterized by lipid solubility and the ability to penetrate
      the central nervous system. Two human glioma-derived cell lines, SNB-1 and SNB-2,
      proved by microcytotoxicity assay to be sensitive to AZQ, were examined with
      transmission electron microscopy for morphologic changes induced by this drug.
      AZQ was used in two ways: a) dissolved with dimethylacetamide (aqueous) at
      concentrations of 25 and 50 micrograms/ml and b) solid (surface plated) at 3.1
      and 6.2 micrograms/mm2. A time study from 30 minutes to 48 hours was performed.
      Selective mitochondrial destruction was noted after 8 hours of exposure to AZQ.
      After 12 hours, condensation of chromatin along the periphery of the nucleus and
      dilation of endoplasmic reticulum were two other cellular reactions observed.
      Thus in addition to the known alkylating activity of AZQ, it has significant
      mitochondrial toxicity. This antimitochondrial effect is possibly an important
      factor in the antiglioma cell cytotoxicity of AZQ.

PMID- 6578369
TI  - Cancer and other causes of death among female textile workers, 1976-78.
AB  - Information on usual industry and occupation on North Carolina death certificates
      indicated that 4,462 white women who died during 1976-78 were former textile
      industry employees. The relative frequency of cancer and other diseases among
      decreased textile workers was compared with the cause of death distribution among
      other white female decedents. Elevated proportional mortality ratios (PMR) were
      found for the following malignant neoplasms: larynx, PMR=2.8; connective tissue,
      PMR=2.6; uterine cervix, PMR=2.1; other and unspecified genital organs, PMR=2.7;
      thyroid, PMR=2.2; and non-Hodgkins lymphoma, PMR=1.7. The increased PMR for
      cervical cancer and for cancer of other and unspecified genital organs may be
      related to socioeconomic correlates of employment in the textile industry. More
      research is needed to determine whether work in the textile industry is
      associated with the other malignant neoplasms for which an elevated PMR was found
      in this study.

PMID- 6578370
TI  - Distribution of 17 beta-estradiol in the sera of normal British and Japanese
      women.
AB  - Normal Japanese women had significantly more of their blood 17 beta-estradiol
      (E2) bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (53%) than British women (30%)
      and conversely less bound to albumin. While the proportion of SHBG-bound E2
      increased with SHBG capacity and while binding fell as weight increased, the
      differences between the races do not appear to be explicable in terms of SHBG
      capacity or weight. At a given SHBG capacity, the Japanese women had more E2
      bound to the protein than the British women. Where weights in the 2 populations
      overlapped, the Japanese women still had more of their E2 bound to SHBG than did
      the British women. Our results suggested that the affinity of albumin for E2 is
      lower in Japanese women.

PMID- 6578371
TI  - Extent of DNA methylation in human tumor cells.
AB  - The total genomic DNA methylation, i.e., the percentage of methylated cytosines,
      was measured in 20 cell lines derived from different types of human tumors. The
      measurements were obtained by cation-exchange liquid chromatography of bases
      released by formic acid hydrolysis. These experiments were done to determine if
      altered methylation is a prevalent and large defect in oncogenic transformation.
      A majority of the tumor cells measured had decreased levels of methylated DNA in
      comparison to our laboratory's and other laboratories' published measurements of
      normal cells and tissues. In fact, tumor cell DNA ranged as low as 1.2% of
      cytosines methylated compared to a value of 3% or more for normal cells and
      tissues. HpaII and MspI DNA restriction enzyme analysis confirmed for all tumor
      cell lines tested that their DNA was hypomethylated in comparison to the DNA from
      normal diploid fibroblasts tested. The results obtained by liquid chromatography
      and restriction enzyme analysis were strikingly similar. The reduced methylation
      of the tumor and DNA correlated with the recent observation of other laboratories
      that individual genes are undermethylated in human cancer cells and that a number
      of different carcinogens can lower DNA methylation directly.

PMID- 6578372
TI  - Localization of human colorectal tumor xenografts in the nude mouse with the use
      of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody.
AB  - For the evaluation of the clinical usefulness of monoclonal antibodies as
      diagnostic or therapeutic reagents, tumor localization must be clearly
      demonstrated in an experimental model. In this report, nude mice carrying two
      human tumor xenografts--a colon carcinoma (Colo 205) and a melanoma (Colo 239)-
      were given ip injections of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal
      antibody 250-30.6, which reacted specifically with the colon carcinoma but not
      with the melanoma, was labeled with 125I, while a second monoclonal antibody of
      similar immunoglobulin subclass, but unreactive with either cell type, was
      labeled with 131I. Both antibodies were injected simultaneously, and either the
      mice were scanned with a gamma camera or their tissues were removed and the
      localization of radiolabeled antibody was calculated with the use of localization
      index (LI)--the ratio of the tissue to blood distribution for each isotope. The
      studies showed that specific localization had occurred, there being a colon tumor
      LI of 6 at 2 days. Tumors of 150-300 mg (mean diameter, 6 mm) and with an LI as
      low as 1.5 could be successfully imaged after computer-assisted background
      subtraction. This study demonstrated that relatively small human tumor xenografts
      in the nude mouse can be specifically detected with the use of paired monoclonal
      antibodies, each labeled with a different isotope.

PMID- 6578373
TI  - Linkage group V of platyfishes and Swordtails of the genus Xiphophorus
      (Poeciliidae): linkage of loci for malate dehydrogenase-2 and esterase-1 and
      esterase-4 with a gene controlling the severity of hybrid melanomas.
AB  - Electrophoretic variations ascribable to three enzyme loci coding for esterase-1
      and -4 (ES1 and ES4) and a malate dehydrogenase-2 isozyme (MDH2) were studied in
      interspecific backcrosses of fishes of the genus Xiphophorus (Poeciliidae).
      Normal segregation was demonstrated for all three loci. Linkage analyses
      indicated a gene order of ES1-6%-ES4-33%-MDH2. This group [designated linkage
      group (LG) V] was shown to assort independently from the 11 loci comprising LG's
      I-IV and from 18 other informative markers, with the limits of the data. A factor
      controlling the extent of development of inherited melanomas was demonstrated to
      be associated only with LG V loci, implying predominant control by a single gene,
      which probably determines the completeness of differentiation of
      macromelanophores in hybrids. Possible explanations for variability in the
      apparent chromosomal position of the melanoma severity gene, as assessed by
      estimates of recombination with the LG V enzyme loci, are discussed.

PMID- 6578374
TI  - Identification of Ia antigens on the murine adenocarcinoma LT-85.
AB  - Antigens associated with the H-2Kk and I-Ak regions of the major
      histocompatibility complex have been identified with monoclonal antibodies on an
      in vivo grown murine alveologenic adenocarcinoma, LT-85. Immunoprecipitation and
      sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated
      differences in the molecular structure of I-Ak region-coded antigens between LT
      85 and host C3H/HeN mammary tumor virus-negative (MTV-) or autologous C3HfB/HeN
      splenocytes. Ia antigens derived from LT-85 tumor cells exhibited both an
      increased heterogeneity in the alpha-chain and a lower apparent molecular weight
      in the beta-chain. Tryptic peptide mapping of the I-Ak antigen alpha- and beta
      chains derived from C3H/HeN MTV- mice and LT-85 tumor cells revealed a single
      peptide difference in the beta-chains of these antigens. Results obtained with
      neuraminidase-treated I-Ak beta-chains indicated that this difference was not due
      to sialic and content. Maintenance of LT-85 in vitro, even for short periods,
      resulted in the loss of these I-Ak antigens. However, this loss of I-Ak antigen
      expression was fully reversible with in vivo growth.

PMID- 6578375
TI  - Enhancement of lung tumor formation in mice by dietary butylated hydroxytoluene:
      dose-time relationships and cell kinetics.
AB  - Strain A/J mice given injections of 1,000 mg urethan/kg and fed for 12 weeks a
      diet containing 0.75% of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) had significantly more
      tumors per lung 4 or 9 months later than animals given urethan and fed a control
      diet. A 2-week exposure to dietary BHT (0.75%) was sufficient to significantly
      enhance tumor development, and the lowest effective BHT concentration was 0.1%,
      fed for 8 weeks. Tumor development was also enhanced in animals treated once with
      3-methylcholanthrene, benzo[a]pyrene, or N-nitrosodimethylamine and, beginning 24
      hours later, fed BHT for 8 weeks. Cell kinetic studies showed that BHT given in
      the diet produced increased proliferation of type II alveolar cells during the
      first 2 weeks and that initial cell proliferation was delayed in urethan-treated
      animals.

PMID- 6578376
TI  - BALB/c mice fed milk or beef protein: differences in response to 1,2
      dimethylhydrazine carcinogenesis.
AB  - The development of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon tumors and immune
      responses were investigated in male BALB/c mice fed six different equicaloric
      diets. Milk or beef at a low (11%) or high (33%) level supplied the dietary
      protein, and corn oil (primarily) at a low (5%) or high (30%) level supplied the
      fat. Eleven weekly injections of DMH (at 20 mg/kg mouse) or saline were
      administered. At 59 weeks of age, the milk-fed mice had a significantly higher (P
      less than or equal to .05) colon tumor incidence than the beef-fed mice, 67 and
      16%, respectively. Tumor volume and colon weight in the milk-fed mice were also
      significantly greater. Low natural killer cell activity against [125I]5-iodo-2'
      deoxyuridine-labeled colon tumor cells and high serum blocking of antitumor cell
      activity were observed in the milk-fed-mice. These mice also exhibited higher T
      lymphocyte cytotoxicity against colon tumor cells. These results differ from
      those of our previous studies and those of numerous epidemiologic investigations.

PMID- 6578377
TI  - Serum bank for biological markers for breast cancer.
AB  - A bank of serum specimens from women at varying risks of breast cancer has been
      established. Panels of test specimens can be secured by qualified investigators
      to evaluate newly discovered biological markers for breast cancer, to verify
      preliminary data, and to compare performance of established assays among
      different laboratories. Panels consisting of coded 1-ml vials of sera will be
      sent upon request to approved investigators. The procedure for application for
      serum panels is described.

PMID- 6578378
TI  - [Effect of lasix on prostaglandins of the kidneys and lungs of rats with
      spontaneous hypertension].
AB  - Lasix effects on diuresis, natriuresis and pulmonary and renal prostaglandin
      biosynthesis and catabolism were examined in spontaneously hypertensive rats
      (SHR) and normotensive Wistar rats (NTR). PGE2 and PGF2 biosynthesis from 14C
      arachidonic acid, and 3H-PGF1 and PGE2 catabolism were measured in kidney and
      lung homogenates. Changes in PG metabolism were shown to be dependent on age,
      blood pressure and the time of lasix action. Decreased biosynthesis and increased
      catabolism were demonstrated for PGE2, and reverse changes were shown for the
      production and decay of PGF2 alpha. Reciprocal changes were demonstrated in renal
      and pulmonary PG metabolism, an evidence of inter-organ relationships between
      prostaglandin systems of the organs in question. SHRs and NTRs showed different
      response of renal and pulmonary PGs, natriuresis and diuresis to lasix
      administration.

PMID- 6578379
TI  - [Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood: a
      special risk group?].
AB  - The Philadelphia chromosome is rarely observed in acute myelogenous and acute
      lymphoblastic leukemias. There are only a few case reports about pediatric
      patients, the prognosis of whom seems to be extremely poor. Reviewing the case of
      a girl aged 18 months with Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia, the differences between this entity and blast crisis of chronic
      myelogenous leukemia are described. This subgroup of Philadelphia chromosome
      positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia may represent a new risk group.

PMID- 6578380
TI  - A short history of Delta Dental Plan of Tennessee.

PMID- 6578382
TI  - Our aging society.

PMID- 6578381
TI  - The growing shortage of hygienists!!!!

PMID- 6578383
TI  - Keeping warm dental chairs warm.

PMID- 6578384
TI  - Marginal leakage of composite resins following mechanical wear.

PMID- 6578385
TI  - Crown lengthening procedures.

PMID- 6578386
TI  - Composites! Posterior restorations?

PMID- 6578387
TI  - Selecting your staff.

PMID- 6578389
TI  - Fluorides are working.

PMID- 6578388
TI  - Stress coping skills for the dental profession.

PMID- 6578390
TI  - A monoclonal antibody (SJ-9A4) to P24 present on common alls, neuroblastomas and
      platelets - I. Characterization and development of a unique radioimmunometric
      assay.
AB  - We report the development and characterization of SJ-9A4, a monoclonal antibody
      (MoAb) produced against common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (C-ALL) cell lines.
      SJ-9A4 reacted with C-ALL, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), platelets
      and C-ALL neuroblastoma (NB) and the K562 cell lines. It had no significant
      reactivity with erythrocytes, granulocytes, circulating T or B lymphocytes,
      monocytes, granulocytic cell lines or a Ewing's sarcoma cell line. SJ-9A4 was
      shown to recognize the same region as two other MoAb to the p24 antigen, BA-2 and
      DU-ALL-1, as demonstrated by their ability to inhibit the binding of labeled SJ
      9A4 to NALM-1 and NB cells. Other MoAb: J5, PI 153/3 and monoclonal anti-HLA-DR
      antibodies gave no inhibition. A solid phase indirect radioimmunometric assay
      (IRA) was developed which enabled the detection of P24 from C-ALL cells,
      utilizing its ability to bind the Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA1) or wheat
      germ agglutinin (WGA) and SJ-9A4 simultaneously. When BA-2 and DU-ALL-1 were used
      in place of SJ-9A4, similar IRA results were obtained. Using the RCA1/SJ-9A4-IRA,
      P24 from as few as 1.6 X 10(4) cells of a C-ALL cell line could be detected;
      however, similar extracts of NB cell lines were negative despite high levels of
      SJ-9A4 binding to intact cells. The presence of P24 in NB extracts was
      demonstrated by (1) preincubation of NB extracts with SJ-9A4 which blocked MoAb
      binding to P24 and (2) immunoadsorption of P24 from solubilized membranes of 35S
      methionine (met) labeled NB cells. Treatment of NB cells with neuraminidase did
      not result in IRA binding when either RCA1 or WGA were used as the solid phase
      lectin indicating that the differences in lectin affinity are not due to over
      sialation of NB membrane glycoproteins. These findings demonstrate a difference
      in the glycosylation of P24 from C-ALL and NB cells.

PMID- 6578391
TI  - A monoclonal antibody (SJ-9A4) to P24 present on common alls, neuroblastomas and
      platelets - II. Characterization of P24 and shedding in vitro and in vivo.
AB  - The release of soluble P24 antigen into culture medium by common acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (C-ALL) and neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines was studied. P24
      release by C-ALL cells was detected using a solid phase indirect
      radioimmunometric assay (IRA) which combines the specificity of lectins and
      monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) and using immunoadsorption of labeled P24 in spent
      medium from cells incubated with 35S-methionine (met). No P24 was present in the
      medium of cells pulse labeled at 37 degrees C when they were placed at 4 degrees
      C, thus this is an active process. P24 release by NB cells could not be detected
      by IRA, but could be detected by immunoadsorption of spent medium of
      metabolically-labeled cells. The absence of IRA activity of P24 from NB spent
      medium was due to decreased glycosylation and thus no binding to the lectins
      employed in the IRA was observed. This was confirmed by lectin affinity
      chromatography which showed that P24 in the spent medium from C-ALL cells bound
      Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA1), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), concanavalin A
      (Con A), and lentil lectin (LcH), but not peanut agglutinin (PNA). P24 from NB
      cell spent medium did not bind to any of these lectins. The lectin affinity of
      P24 derived from lymphoblasts is consistent with the presence of N-linked
      oligosaccharide chains having N-acetyl glucosamine residues, a mannose core, and
      a terminal D-galactose. P24 from C-ALL cell spent medium was present in the 35
      45% fraction of a saturated ammonium sulfate (SAS) partition of spent medium. The
      P24 antigen was detected in the fractionated plasma of five patients with C-ALL
      at the time of diagnosis and was undetectable when the patients had achieved a
      complete remission. Plasma from 2 patients with P24 negative ALL, normal human
      plasma, and normal human serum had no detectable activity.

PMID- 6578392
TI  - Philadelphia chromosome-positive adult acute leukemia with monosomy of chromosome
      number seven: a subgroup with poor response to therapy.
AB  - Thirty-four adult patients were seen at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson
      Hospital and Tumor Institute at Houston, Texas between 1969 and 1980 with acute
      leukemia (AL) and a deleted G-group chromosome that was shown by Giemsa banding
      to be a Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome t(9;22) in 21 patients. Fourteen had the
      Ph1 chromosome as the sole abnormality, 12 had the Ph1 chromosome and loss of one
      chromosome of the C-group (identified by Giemsa banding analysis as number 7 in
      eight patients), while eight had the Ph1 chromosome and other changes. These
      three groups were similar in sex, age distribution and hematologic parameters.
      The median age of 40 was lower than usually seen in AL. The distribution of the
      morphologic subtypes was similar to that seen at this institution, with 50% being
      acute myeloblastic, 12% acute myelomonocytic, 20% lymphoblastic and 18% acute
      undifferentiated. The complete remission rate with chemotherapy was low: 25% in
      the Ph1 +/- 7, 50% in the Ph1 +/other group and 43% in the Ph1 +/other group.
      Median survival time was 8 months for the Ph1 +/- 7 group, 5.5 months for the Ph1
      +/other group and 9.0 months for the Ph1 +/alone group. These patients with Ph1 +
      AL had higher white blood cell counts, increased extramedullary disease and
      poorer responses to therapy than usual for patients with AL. The deletion of
      chromosome 7 and the acquisition of the Ph1 chromosome identifies a group of
      patients with characteristics similar to all the patients with Ph1 + AL but a
      poor response to therapy and short remission duration.

PMID- 6578393
TI  - Low dose arabinosyl cytosine for treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and
      subacute myeloid leukemia.
AB  - Several agents, including arabinosyl cytosine (ARA-C) at a low concentration, can
      induce leukemic myeloblasts to mature to a variable extent. The therapeutic
      implications of this observation are worth investigating. A few case-reports have
      shown that low dose ARA-C can be useful for treatment of the myelodysplastic
      syndromes (MDS) and of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, no information is
      available yet on the proportion of patients who can be expected to respond. We
      treated by low dose ARA-C (20-30 mg/sqm/day i.v. or i.m. for 7-10 days) 20
      consecutive patients. A complete remission of 5 months was obtained in one of
      nine cases of subacute myeloid leukemia (SAML). A partial remission (complete
      normalization of blood counts with a slight excess of marrow blast cells) was
      obtained twice in one of 11 cases of MDS. An increase of Hb level (more than 11.5
      g/dl) was obtained and maintained for 12 months in a case of MDS. A short-lasting
      increase of granulocyte count was obtained in another two cases of MDS and SAML
      respectively. It is suggested that low dose ARA-C can advantageously modify the
      proliferation to maturation imbalance of leukemic cells by slowing down cell
      proliferation rate. However, the proportion of patients who respond is probably
      low. This treatment is at a very early experimental stage and should be probably
      limited to selected cases of MDS and subacute or acute myeloid leukemia.

PMID- 6578394
TI  - BCG treatment of residual disease in acute leukemia: studies in a rat model for
      human acute myelocytic leukemia (BNML).
AB  - The effect of a single injection of Pasteur BCG on the growth of a myelocytic
      leukemia transplantable in the Brown Norway rat (BNML) was studied. BCG (3.0 mg
      i.v.) caused a 6-fold increase in spleen weight with marked granuloma formation.
      After aspecific immunostimulation the TD50 for leukemic cells increased from 38.8
      to 302.2 cells. Cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg) given 48 h prior to BCG did not
      influence the anti-tumor immune response. However, cyclophosphamide injected
      after BCG partly abolished its activity. After high-dose chemo-radiotherapy of
      leukemic rats BCG significantly hampered the outgrowth of residual leukemic
      cells. Relapse from leukemia could even be avoided completely when BCG was
      injected after cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg) and total body irradiation (7.0 Gy)
      followed by isologous bone marrow transplantation. These results are discussed in
      relation with the tumor load at the time of maximal immunostimulation. Finally,
      the data are extrapolated to those of the many controversial clinical studies.

PMID- 6578395
TI  - In vitro lines of the BN rat promyelocytic leukemia that differ from the parent.
AB  - Cells from the spleens of Brown Norway rats made leukemic with the in vivo
      passaged promyelocytic line BNML have been adapted to in vitro culture in RPMI
      1640 medium supplemented with 4% rat serum and 6% fetal bovine serum. The
      presence of rat serum, which also was associated with suppression of fibroblasts,
      appeared to be required for initial growth. In contrast to the parent this new
      cell line (BNML-RS) was predominantly myeloblastic under standard conditions of
      culture with only 4-10% of cells showing granules or stainable peroxidase.
      However, when passaged through an animal, 60-70% contained both granules and
      peroxidase. Neither parent nor established line evolved to the polymorph stage
      when assessed for terminal maturation after exposure to dimethyl sulfoxide or
      retinoic acid. These cells now extend the limited number of myeloid lines
      available and potentially are a useful model in which to study the controlling
      events in early myeloblast maturation.

PMID- 6578397
TI  - Isolation and complementation of temperature-sensitive replication mutants of
      Staphylococcus aureus plasmid pC194.
AB  - Temperature-sensitive replication (Tsr) mutants have been isolated from the
      Staphylococcus aureus plasmid pC194. For three of the four mutant plasmids tested
      (pSAO801, pSAO802, and pSAO804) the segregation kinetics suggested a complete
      block of plasmid replication at 43 degrees C. The replication defects of three
      mutant plasmids: pSAO802, pSAO803, and pSAO804 could be complemented by
      recombinant plasmids carrying a segment from either the wild type or the other
      mutant, pSAO801. There was no complementation when the segment carried by the
      recombinant plasmid was derived from one of the three complementable mutants.
      These data were taken as evidence for the involvement of a diffusible, plasmid
      encoded product, RepH, in pC194 replication. The complementation of the fourth
      Tsr mutant, pSAO801, could not be tested due to an abnormal susceptibility of
      this mutant to the incompatibility expressed by recombinants carrying segments
      derived from pC194 or its mutants. A single mutation was found to be responsible
      for both pSAO801 instability and its altered incompatibility properties but the
      nature of the defect has not yet been elucidated.

PMID- 6578398
TI  - [Manual and automated cytodiagnosis. Proceedings and abstracts of the 13th
      meeting of the German Society for Cytology. Freiburg i. Br., 21-23 March 1983].

PMID- 6578396
TI  - Maintenance of the adaptation of skeletal muscle mitochondria to exercise in old
      rats.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine whether the adaptive increase in
      mitochondrial enzymes in skeletal muscle induced by a constant exercise program
      is altered by aging. Male pathogen-free Long-Evans rats were exercised by means
      of swimming for 3h/d, 5d/wk beginning at age 6 months and studied at ages 9 and
      24 months. The levels of activity of the four mitochondrial enzymes used as
      indicators of the capacity for aerobic metabolism (citrate synthase, succinate
      DH, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-DH, and 3-ketoacid-CoA-transferase) were significantly
      increased in epitrochlearis muscle in both the 9-month and 24-month-old swimmers.
      The increases ranged from approximately 20% for 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-DH to 50-60%
      for 3-ketoacid-CoA-transferase. Neither the 24-month-old sedentary rats nor the
      24-month-old swimmers had significantly lower muscle enzyme levels than the
      comparable 9-month-old rats. Thus, it appears that aging does not result in a
      progressive decline in the capacity of muscle for aerobic metabolism or a
      progressive impairment in the ability to maintain an increase in muscle
      mitochondrial enzymes in response to chronic exercise in healthy rats.

PMID- 6578399
TI  - [Early cancer diagnosis through automated cytoanalysis (Fazytan system)].
AB  - A prescreening system for the early detection of uterine cancer was developed.
      For the diagnosis of each input specimen (PAP-stained), a figure of malignancy
      has to be calculated automatically. Methods, problems and results of the system
      are summarized in this paper. Some thousand microscopic subfields of a specimen
      are successively scanned by an optimized TV-camera with high spatial resolution.
      The automated specimen analysis can be described by a two step procedure: single
      cell classification and evaluation of cell population. For the single cell
      classifier only features derived from the nucleus are used. The pattern
      recognition procedures are based on a processor-oriented strategy, and can be
      adapted to other cytological specimen. The algorithms have been tested with 3 .
      10(5) cell images of about 300 specimens.

PMID- 6578400
TI  - [A computer-based microscope as the foundation for automated prescreening
      systems].
AB  - The prototype of an automated screening system for cytological preparations is
      under development. The conditions concerning the handling of such system require
      the development of a special microscope with certain adjustment functions to be
      automated. The main specifications of this microscope are: --1 Splitting the
      light path into two synchronously usable channels for low and high magnification;
      whereby both images are projected onto two tv-cameras --Additional light path for
      visual observation --Automated focusing via movement of the microscope objective 
      -Automated supply of immersion oil --Positioning and loading unit for slides -
      Microprocessor control --Closed and dust-protected design. Besides the mentioned
      specifications different microscopical observation methods, i. e. transmitted
      light bright field, incident fluorescence, are possible. The system can be used
      for all samples which are prepared on standard slides.

PMID- 6578401
TI  - LEYTAS analysis of cytological specimens: the results of thousand cervical
      smears.
AB  - This paper describes the application of a television-based system (LEYTAS) in
      machine analysis of cervical specimens. LEYTAS basically consists of a Leitz
      microscope, the texture analysis system (TAS, Leitz), a TV camera, a 4-bit grey
      value memory and a minicomputer (PDP 11/23). A series of 1176 Feulgen stained
      cervical smears has been analysed in an automated procedure using image
      transformation for cell selection and artefact rejection. During the analysis of
      the entire series new artefact rejection procedures have been added to the
      automated analysis. This addition decreased the percentage of false positives to
      15% in the last 277 analysed smears. This percentage concerns machine performance
      alone. A rapid visual interaction procedure decreases this percentage to 9%. Out
      of 210 morphologically positive smears (diagnosis Papanicolaou class 3b or more)
      from the total series, one smear was missed by LEYTAS using the machine
      classification.

PMID- 6578402
TI  - [Performance of a field test as proof of automatic cell analysis].
AB  - The screening by an automatic cell analyser (A) is justified, only if the false
      negative rate beta (A) is less than the false negative rate beta (M) of the
      manual method (M). A design is considered to get the numbers of ill persons who
      are "positive" by the manual method and "negative" by the automatic one, and vice
      versa "negative" by the manual and "positive" by the automatic. The sign test can
      be used to test the difference beta (A) - beta (M). Formulas for the necessary
      number n are given.

PMID- 6578403
TI  - [The range of concepts of visual and automated cytodiagnosis - how closely do
      they touch?].

PMID- 6578404
TI  - [Notes for the routine preparation of gynecologic preparations for automated
      assessment].

PMID- 6578405
TI  - [Registration of slide movement in conventional cytodiagnosis - relevance for
      automated cytodiagnosis].
AB  - Registration of slide-movements in conventional gynecological smears - its
      relevance for automated cytology - The information contained in conventional
      cytologic smears can only be obtained by means of a very scrutinizing scanning of
      the slide. This is one of the reasons, why people are interested in automated
      cytology. In the present study slide movements during 216 visual screenings of
      conventional gynecologic smears were graphically and electronically recorded. The
      recordings show alternating movements and stops. The time of stops shows a high
      variation with a mean value of about 0,3 seconds. The moving times are mostly
      below 0,2 seconds. The relation of total stop times to total movement times is in
      most cases between two and three. The percentage of total stop times, the total
      screening time, the relation of stop times to movement times and the number of
      microscopic fields evaluated while standing rise in difficult specimens. There
      are obvious differences between the screening patterns of different
      cytotechnologists. An analysis of the recordings concerning the number of stops
      shows that even in smears which are screened very carefully a considerable
      percentage of the smear is not seen during the stops. The pattern of mechanical
      slide movements allows conclusions about the "data acquisition" by the human
      cytoscreener.

PMID- 6578406
TI  - Image analysis: a consumer's guide.
AB  - The last years have seen an explosion of systems in image analysis. It is hard
      for the pathologist or the cytologist to make the right choice of equipment. All
      machines are stupid, and the only valuable thing is the human work put into it.
      So make your benefit of the work other people have done for you. Chose a method
      largely used on many systems and which has proved fertile in many domains and not
      only for your specific to day's application: Mathematical Morphology, to which
      are to be added the linear convolutions present on all machines is a strong
      candidate for becoming such a method. The paper illustrates a working day of an
      ideal system: research and diagnostic directed work during the working hours,
      automatic screening of cervical (or other) smears during night.

PMID- 6578407
TI  - [Methodological and technological requirements in cell image analysis].
AB  - Methodological and technological requirements for cell image analysing systems
      are discussed with respect to the following applications: automated prescreening
      systems for the early detection of tumors; cell analysis systems for diagnostic
      assistance; early detection of benign or malignant changes in the field of
      "environmental pathology". The solution of these problems requires sophisticated
      image processing systems (high spatial resolution) which take use of supervised
      learning algorithms based on representative data banks. The wide spread
      applications in the field of automated and analytical cytology need processing
      systems which have the capability of systematical parameter adaptation to
      different analysis problems.

PMID- 6578408
TI  - [High resolution cell recognition and flow cytometry as means to automated
      cytodiagnosis].
AB  - Measurement and quantification are the prerequisites of automated cell diagnosis.
      The goal of the analysis is to recognize quantitative differences for the
      classification of benign and malignant cells. Absorption and fluorescence dyes
      can be bound to definite cell components proportional to their amounts and can be
      determined photometrically. In static photometry the cells are spread out in a
      single layer on a glass slide. By examining the cell point by point a scanning
      image can be obtained. These high resolution photometric measurements provide
      many individual data on relatively few cells. In flow photometry the cells are
      suspended in a fluid. The fluid flows past the lens of the microscope. Because
      each cell remains in front of the lens for only a brief period, it is possible to
      detect only one or few parameters per cell. These zero or low resolution flow
      photometric procedures provide few individual data on a great number of cells.
      Hybrid procedures combine flow photometry with subsequent high resolution
      photometry of the individual cell. To make this possible suspicious cells are
      sorted out from the flowing fluid and deposited on a slide. In individual cases
      the efficiency of visual diagnosis is almost achieved by machines.

PMID- 6578409
TI  - [Cytophotometric and automated cytodiagnosis].
AB  - The different validity of DNA-cytophotometric parameters to morphometric ones for
      the automated cytological diagnosis of cancer is discussed and demonstrated for
      prostatic-, cervical- and lymph-node cytology by own measurements. Nuclear-DNA
      cytophotometry used for the automation of cytological diagnosis of malignancy has
      the following advantages compared to image analysis: 1) DNA-cytophotometry mostly
      yields more sensitive parameters for the diagnosis of malignancy than image
      analysis does and thus results in greater diagnostic accuracy. 2) Cytological
      diagnosis of malignancy may often be possible in earlier stages of the tumor
      history with nuclear-DNA-parameters compared to morphological parameters. 3) The
      prognostic validity of nuclear-DNA-distribution is probably greater than of
      cytomorphological parameters. 4) The parameters of nuclear-DNA-distribution for
      cytodiagnosis and grading of malignancy are the same for most of the human tumors
      in contrast to morphological parameters which are different for histogenetically
      different tumor. 5) Processing time for the automated diagnostic procedure of the
      slides will be much shorter if the Feulgen-stain for DNA is used instead of the
      Papanicolaou-stain for image analysis. One disadvantage of nuclear DNA
      measurements as a diagnostic toll is the fact that cytopathologists cannot fully
      control the diagnostic process and results with their own eyes in Feulgen-stained
      slides. Meanwhile, however, even in other medical disciplines diagnosis are made
      by objective measurements of parameters which are not discernible by the human
      eye. That diagnostic procedure has to be accepted which yields the most accurate
      and reproducible diagnosis in the shortest time. It is recommended to combine
      cytomorphological and DNA-cytophotometric parameters as diagnostic tools for
      automated cytodiagnosis in Feulgen-stained slides.

PMID- 6578410
TI  - Prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood.

PMID- 6578411
TI  - Social class as a prognostic variable in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - We studied the relationship between social class and prognosis in children with
      acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Seventy children who were commencing on curative
      therapy, and who received central nervous system prophylaxis, were included in
      the study. Children from social classes 1 to 5 had a significantly better five
      year survival rate and duration of first remission than children from social
      classes 6 and 7. There was no apparent difference either in the treatment given
      to the two groups or in the clinical and haematological parameters studied. A
      study of the causes of this difference in survival could lead to better over-all
      results in the treatment of childhood leukaemia.

PMID- 6578412
TI  - From AMP to AMDP.

PMID- 6578413
TI  - [Dubowitz syndrome and acute lymphatic leukemia].
AB  - A child with Dubowitz syndrome at the age of 6 3/4 years developed acute
      lymphatic leukemia. Despite adequate chemotherapy no remission was achieved. An
      increased risk of malignancies in patients with Dubowitz syndrome is suggested.

PMID- 6578414
TI  - [Lung scintigraphy after tumor therapy in childhood].
AB  - Cytostatics- and radiation-induced alterations of the lung were investigated in
      18 children after tumour-therapy by means of lung perfusion scintigraphy. 13
      patients (Hodgkin- and non Hodgkin lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia with
      mediastinal tumour, Ewing-sarcoma, and intrathoracal neuroblastoma) received
      epidiaphragmatical radiation and cytostatics. All 32 lung-scintigrams of these
      children 1-23 months after cessation of therapy were pathological. 5 patients
      (acute lymphocytic leukemia, Histiocytosis X) received cytostatics only. 1-6
      months after cessation of therapy in these children 6 lung-scintigrams were
      pathological, one was normal. After cessation of tumour-treatment scintigraphical
      improvement of disturbed perfusion occurred in 9/18 patients only. In 6 children
      a deterioration of lung-perfusion was registered. Lung-scintigraphy is a method
      for testing pulmonary perfusion in diagnosis and therapy control in childhood
      malignancies. The results of this study indicate that prophylactic provisions
      against pulmonary damage during oncologic therapy are necessary.

PMID- 6578415
TI  - Transaminase, hepatitis B, and prognosis in acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6578417
TI  - Who's playing God now?

PMID- 6578416
TI  - Regulated expression of the human beta-globin gene family in murine
      erythroleukaemia cells.
AB  - Chemically induced differentiation of cultured murine erythroleukaemia (MEL)
      cells results in a several hundred-fold increase in transcription of the adult
      mouse globin genes and thus serves as a model for gene activation during
      erythropoiesis. One approach to study gene regulation in this system has been to
      analyse the expression of foreign globin genes introduced into MEL cells. By
      introducing cosmid DNA containing the human adult(beta), fetal(gamma) and
      embryonic(epsilon)-globin genes, we have shown here that expression of the beta,
      but not the gamma or epsilon genes, is regulated during MEL differentiation.
      Regulated expression of the human beta-globin gene was observed when it was
      introduced either as part of the intact globin gene cluster or as an individual
      gene with 1.5 kilobases (kb) of 5' flanking DNA. Transcription from a herpes
      simplex virus (HSV) promoter adjacent to the thymidine kinase (tk) gene is also
      inducible in MEL cells.

PMID- 6578418
TI  - Recombinant DNA. Rifkin's regulatory revivalism runs riot.

PMID- 6578419
TI  - Triumph for unreason.

PMID- 6578421
TI  - Gene diagnosis: Yale bungles patent claim.

PMID- 6578420
TI  - Genetic engineering: frost damage trial halted.

PMID- 6578422
TI  - Cranial computed tomography of 64 children in continuous complete remission of
      leukemia I: relations to therapy in modalities.
AB  - 64 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non Hodgkin's lymphoma in
      continuous complete remission were studied by cranial computed tomography two
      months to 7 years after cessation of antileukemic treatment. 17 (27%) patients
      showed abnormal widening (grade 2) of external cerebrospinal fluid spaces, 20
      (31%) minimal widening (grade 1). A significant correlation between grade 2
      abnormalities and the duration of maintenance therapy and single cranial
      radiation dose was found, whereas the correlations with total radiation dose and
      with intensity of induction protocols were not significant. Widening of external
      cerebrospinal fluid spaces after cessation of therapy persisted.

PMID- 6578423
TI  - The longevity of international rugby players.
AB  - The longevity of New Zealand international rugby players (All Blacks) is compared
      with the New Zealand male population to test the hypothesis that vigorous leisure
      time physical activity in the form of rugby in early adulthood is associated with
      an increased longevity. Data on 822 All Blacks since 1884 are compared with
      information from New Zealand life tables for males. The life expectancy of All
      Blacks is the same as the general population although non-Maori All Blacks live
      almost ten years longer than Maori All Blacks.

PMID- 6578424
TI  - Club foot in the Polynesian: an epidemiological survey.
AB  - The incidence of idiopathic club foot deformity in Polynesian peoples, including
      the New Zealand Maori, is higher than in other races. A study of 118 Polynesian
      children treated in Auckland for the condition, found no significant correlation
      among sex, maternal age and the presence or absence of a family history of club
      foot, and questions the validity of dividing index cases into two groups on the
      basis of family history. Previous observations of a significant predominance of
      right-sided deformity in unilateral Polynesian cases, were not confirmed.

PMID- 6578425
TI  - Toxocariasis: a neglected entity.
AB  - Toxocara canis infects many dogs yet has been seldom implicated as a cause of
      human disease in New Zealand. Nine patients with diagnostic titres for Toxocara
      canis who were seen in Christchurch Hospital over a five-year period are
      described. Ophthalmoscopic signs of toxocaral infection were visible at the optic
      disc or posterior pole of all ten affected eyes. A localised disciform detachment
      of the macula or a focal granuloma on the disc or retina were the commonest
      lesions. Vision was reduced to 6/60 or less in five affected eyes while the
      remaining five eyes lost 2-4 lines of vision on the test chart.

PMID- 6578426
TI  - Rhinocerebral mucormycosis complicating poorly controlled diabetes mellitus: case
      report.
AB  - We report a case of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in a patient with poorly
      controlled diabetes mellitus. The pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and
      treatment of this disorder are discussed.

PMID- 6578427
TI  - Advances in the management of testis tumours.

PMID- 6578428
TI  - Radiology in New Zealand--a personal view.

PMID- 6578429
TI  - Epilepsy and driving.
AB  - A survey was made of driving habits of 103 epileptic patients who, having
      suffered a seizure, were picked up by the Wellington Free Ambulance Service. It
      was found that 21 (20%) subjects were driving a motor vehicle--for nine this was
      necessary for their employment; 57% of drivers with epilepsy reported that the
      Ministry of Transport had not been informed of their epilepsy. For three subjects
      a driving accident was a direct result of their seizure. Forty-three percent of
      subjects in this study claimed never to have had any professional advice about
      driving. Of the 21 subjects who continued to drive, 13 were receiving inadequate
      drug therapy at the time of seizure. Advice and drug therapy for epileptic
      patients therefore required regular review. We consider that the Ministry of
      Transport should issue a simple statement about epilepsy and driving which should
      explain the law, risks, precipitating factors for epilepsy, and the need for good
      drug control. This should be issued to doctors and also be available for those
      applying for a driving licence.

PMID- 6578430
TI  - Musculoskeletal problems at an accident and emergency department, and in general
      practice.
AB  - A retrospective study of the numbers and range of musculoskeletal conditions
      presenting to the accident and emergency (A and E) department of a general
      hospital over two one-week periods, in February and May 1980 is described. Over a
      third of the patients had musculoskeletal disorders most commonly affecting the
      hand (19%), ankle (13%), foot (9%) and spine (8%). One in three cases involved
      fracture. As judged by a physiotherapist, only 20% of cases which should have
      been referred for physiotherapy were actually referred. The frequency and range
      of musculoskeletal conditions encountered in general practice, and the
      undergraduate curriculum for the musculoskeletal system at the Auckland Medical
      School is reviewed. Postgraduate education in the musculoskeletal system is
      essential where emphasis should be given to conditions of the hand and the spine.

PMID- 6578431
TI  - Medicine--of the same ilk as the elk?

PMID- 6578432
TI  - A comparison of high school students' smoking behaviours in 1968 and 1981.
AB  - A questionnaire survey was carried out among fifth form students in three
      Gisborne city high schools in 1968 and repeated in 1981. On an item concerned
      with smoking, 514 students responded on the first occasion and 583 on the second.
      Over time, there was a shift towards higher levels of smoking among females and
      lower levels among males, a finding that applied to both Maori and European
      students. Socioeconomic status was not related to levels of smoking for either
      ethnic group in 1968 and for Maoris in 1981; on the latter occasion, however,
      European students from low socioeconomic homes reported higher levels than those
      from high socioeconomic homes.

PMID- 6578433
TI  - Post-basic education for nurses.

PMID- 6578435
TI  - Treatment of urinary tract infections.

PMID- 6578434
TI  - Alkaline battery ingestion.

PMID- 6578436
TI  - Asthma in New Zealand.

PMID- 6578437
TI  - Spouses of alcoholics.

PMID- 6578438
TI  - Selenium and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in New Zealand.
AB  - Blood selenium (Se) concentrations and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPX) activities
      were measured in 118 men (39 +/- SD 15 yr) and 112 women (42 +/- 16 yr) randomly
      selected from the total respondents (1192) to health survey in Milton, a low soil
      selenium area in Otago. GSHPx activities were marginally lower for men (11.9 +/-
      3.2 units/g Hb) than for women (12.9 +/- 3.8 units/g Hb). Blood, erythrocyte and
      plasma selenium concentrations were about the same for both sexes and means for
      all subjects (61 +/- 15; 73 +/- 19; 49 +/- 12 ng Se/ml) were almost identical
      with a control group of Otago blood donors. No differences in blood levels could
      be associated with smoking, use of oral contraceptives, arthritis and/or
      rheumatism, or anti-hypertensive drugs. No relationship was found for the men or
      women between any of the parameters of selenium status and any of the parameters
      of risk factors for cardiovascular disease measured in the health survey: age,
      Quetelet's index, total skinfolds, systolic and diastolic pressure, pulse rate,
      plasma lipids and lipoprotein lipid concentrations. Moreover no relationship was
      found for the subgroups (36% group) of men and of women with plasma selenium
      below 45 ng Se/ml. This study indicates that if selenium is important it does not
      operate through the risk factors of cardiovascular disease as presently
      understood.

PMID- 6578439
TI  - Computed tomography in chest disease.

PMID- 6578440
TI  - Serology testing as a means of encouraging rubella immunisation.
AB  - One thousand three hundred and sixty-one women were tested for rubella antibody
      titres both under public and occupational conditions. Two hundred and seventy-one
      of the thirteen hundred and sixty-one women (20%) had low immunity. Follow-up
      methods resulted in immunisation of 55% of these women (149 of 271). Reasons for
      non-acceptance are explored. While a higher acceptance rate would be desirable,
      mass testing for antibody levels has been demonstrated as a method of encouraging
      those with low immunity to be immunised.

PMID- 6578441
TI  - A study of the recipients of district nursing services in Christchurch.
AB  - This paper reports on a study of the patients and the services provided by the
      Nurse Maude District Nursing Association in Christchurch. The 1149 recipients
      were predominantly elderly, 80.8% being over 65, 68.8% female and long term
      patients with musculoskeletal disorders comprising more than one-third of the
      principal diagnoses. Services were provided to 26 per 1000 of the elderly
      population, which is close to suggested guidelines. This rate increased markedly
      with age. Ten percent of patients utilised 40% of the nursing time. They may be
      considered as borderline cases for whom community care with community support
      services was an acceptable and efficient alternative to long term hospital care.

PMID- 6578442
TI  - The abortion paradox.

PMID- 6578443
TI  - Communication in medicine.

PMID- 6578444
TI  - Thyroxine medication.

PMID- 6578445
TI  - Hepatitis B and homosexuals.

PMID- 6578447
TI  - Temgesic abuse.

PMID- 6578446
TI  - Alkaline battery ingestion.

PMID- 6578448
TI  - Antimicrobial prescribing errors in children.
AB  - During a 120 day period, the charts of patients who had received antimicrobial
      agents were examined. This group numbered 255 and comprised 52% of children
      admitted with infections. Patients treated by family doctors and/or hospital
      staff predominantly had respiratory infections and the ampicillin/amoxycillin
      group of drugs was most commonly prescribed. Of the 203 antimicrobial agents
      prescribed by hospital staff, 64% were considered to be prescribed appropriately.
      The major errors related to dosage, the most potentially serious relating to the
      prescribing of aminoglycosides and chloramphenicol. Of the 203 antimicrobial
      agents prescribed for 171 children in the community, 11% were considered to be
      appropriately prescribed or without error. The major error was the prescribing of
      these drugs for syndromes of known viral aetiology. Errors were also frequent in
      relation to dosage, duration and choice of antimicrobial agents.

PMID- 6578449
TI  - Acute appendicitis: a quality assurance analysis.
AB  - The management of 722 patients admitted to Christchurch Hospital in 1979 with
      acute appendicitis (308) or non-specific abdominal pain (414) was such that 86%
      of the appendicitis patients had a timely removal of an inflamed but not
      perforated appendix and 9.2% of the patients with non-specific abdominal pain had
      an unnecessary appendicectomy. The mean stay in hospital was 4.8 days for
      patients who had a timely operation for acute appendicitis, 8.1 days for patients
      undergoing operation for perforated appendicitis, 6.1 days for patients who had
      non-specific abdominal pain and appendicectomy, and 2.7 days for patients who had
      non-specific abdominal pain without appendicectomy. There was no mortality.

PMID- 6578450
TI  - A register of individuals with inborn errors of lipoprotein metabolism and their
      families.
AB  - One hundred and fifty-five hyperlipidaemic families resident in the Christchurch
      and Dunedin areas were included on a computerised register with built in
      confidentiality safeguards. Investigation of the relatives of the 155 probands
      identified 519 with normal lipids and a further 381 with hyperlipidaemia. The
      presence of 536 hyperlipidaemic individuals in the population of the two areas
      indicates a frequency of at least 0.12% which extrapolates to approximately 3800
      cases of familial hyperlipidaemia nationwide. Our findings suggest that less than
      half of these are likely to have been detected. The most common condition was the
      mendelian dominant disorder familial hypercholesterolaemia found in 108 families.
      The register has been used to facilitate detection of further cases of familial
      hyperlipidaemias and appropriate counseling as well as for detecting and
      reassuring normal relatives. It also facilitates the long term study of the
      treatment of the affected individuals.

PMID- 6578451
TI  - Plasma aluminium levels in patients on maintenance haemodialysis fall when oral
      aluminium hydroxide is withdrawn.
AB  - In 25 patients on maintenance haemodialysis the mean predialysis plasma aluminium
      level fell on two occasions when oral aluminium hydroxide was withdrawn for seven
      and twelve weeks. Substitution of half the prescribed dose of aluminium hydroxide
      with magnesium hydroxide led to a significant lowering of predialysis plasma
      aluminium levels over seven months, with no change in plasma phosphate levels.
      Oral magnesium hydroxide was associated with a mild rise in plasma magnesium
      levels.

PMID- 6578452
TI  - Bacterial endocarditis due to Kingella kingae.
AB  - A case of infective bacterial endocarditis due to Kingella kingae in a 26 year
      old male involving a prosthetic mitral valve is described. Microbiological
      features of this organism are outlined, and the treatment of this endocarditis is
      discussed with reference to the four previously reported cases.

PMID- 6578453
TI  - Interdigital athlete's foot: the battle for survival occurring between our toes.

PMID- 6578454
TI  - Coronary care at Hutt Hospital 1980-1981.
AB  - Three hundred and forty-one patients were admitted to the coronary care unit,
      Hutt Hospital during twelve months from 1980-1981. Of the 60 with myocardial
      infarction, 75% developed symptoms at home, 49% came to hospital without first
      seeing a doctor and 60% arrived by ambulance. The median admission delay from
      onset of symptoms of infarction was 3.4 hours, one hour of which was spent in the
      A and E department. Only 5% of all admissions were defibrillated in the coronary
      care unit. The higher mortality with infarction in older patients was confirmed.
      The practical implications of our findings are discussed.

PMID- 6578455
TI  - Adhesive membrane device (Op-site) for skin closure in general surgery.
AB  - Sixty general surgical cases in a district hospital had skin closure accomplished
      with an adhesive membrance device (Op-site, Smith and Nephew). The technique of
      application is described. Thirteen cases had minor wound complications. It was
      found that the device was not applicable to all skin wounds, had some limitations
      in vertical wound closure, was comparable in price with skin sutures, usually
      gave good cosmetic results especially in transverse wounds, and as it could be
      removed by the patient, avoided problems of suture removal after discharge from
      hospital.

PMID- 6578456
TI  - Hepatitis B vaccine: priority for use.

PMID- 6578457
TI  - Risks with intravenous diazepam.

PMID- 6578458
TI  - Analgesia and dextropropoxyphene.

PMID- 6578459
TI  - Treatment of asthma.

PMID- 6578460
TI  - Grief, death and bereavement among New Zealand's Polynesian people: a community
      affair.

PMID- 6578461
TI  - Absorbent bedsheets provide greater comfort.

PMID- 6578462
TI  - Mothers under stress.

PMID- 6578463
TI  - Alcohol and pregnancy--do nurses have a role to play?

PMID- 6578465
TI  - Patterns of employment for comprehensive nurses.

PMID- 6578464
TI  - Identification of alcoholism.

PMID- 6578466
TI  - What are nursing standards?

PMID- 6578467
TI  - Living with a hearing impairment - a case study.

PMID- 6578468
TI  - Diary of a delegate.

PMID- 6578469
TI  - Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in children and adolescents with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - 37 episodes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) in children and adolescents
      with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were analyzed. 25 were associated with an
      identifiable source of infection: pneumonia (9), cellulitis (11), osteomyelitis
      (2), ear infection (2), urinary tract infection (1). The absolute neutrophil
      count was less than 1,000/mm3 at the onset of 29 episodes. 6 patients had a
      bacterial re-infection after the treatment for SAB was stopped. 5 patients had
      fungal infection discovered at autopsy. 7 patients died within 4 days of
      admission. Gram-negative superinfection occurred in 6 patients treated with
      multiple antibiotics whereas no patient among those treated with a single
      antibiotic developed superinfection. This was not a statistically different
      difference.

PMID- 6578470
TI  - Facial asymmetry of developmental etiology. A report of nineteen case.

PMID- 6578472
TI  - Anterior midline neck webbing with microgenia and symphyseal exostosis.
AB  - A rare case of midline cervical webbing with microgenia and a submental bony spur
      in a 6-year-old boy is presented. An area of ulceration was associated with the
      web, and a sinus was identified histologically in the region closely related to a
      cyst lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. The developmental
      origins of these lesions are discussed. Primary management comprises excision and
      Z-plasty, but mandibular surgery may be necessary at a later stage.

PMID- 6578471
TI  - Alternative stabilization of the maxilla during simultaneous jaw-mobilization
      procedures.
AB  - A technique involving a bone plating system for stabilization of the maxilla in
      simultaneous surgery on both upper and lower jaws is presented. The alternatives
      to this method of stabilization are discussed. The literature on the use of
      miniplates in midface surgery is reviewed. The use and adaptation of readily
      available orthopedic metacarpal plates is discussed. Familiarization with this
      system is recommended.

PMID- 6578473
TI  - Arteriovenous malformation and associated phleboliths. Report of a case.

PMID- 6578474
TI  - Transplantation of the submandibular duct associated with resection for
      carcinoma.
AB  - This article presents a new technique of duct transplantation that should be
      employed when large portions of the floor of the mouth are to be resected. The
      incidence of submaxillary duct stenosis was doubled when the transected ducts
      were disregarded. The consequences of ductal stenosis include fibrotic
      submaxillary glands that, following resection for carcinoma, may be mistaken for
      regional metastases. With metastases suspected, the patient may be exposed to any
      number of invasive diagnostic and treatment modalities that could have been
      avoided by using the technique described here.

PMID- 6578475
TI  - Frequency of desquamative gingivitis in skin diseases.
AB  - In an attempt to determine the frequency of desquamative gingivitis (DG) in
      pemphigus vulgaris (PV), bullous pemphigoid (BP), cicatricial pemphigoid (CP),
      and lichen planus (LP), a large series of patients examined and classified in
      each group during the years 1972 to 1981 were included in this study. Analysis of
      the clinical data revealed that, of the four skin diseases, CP manifests as DG in
      63.6 percent of the cases. Desquamative gingival lesions are less frequent in LP
      (25 percent) and in PV (18.4 percent). The great majority of DG patients were
      females (72.9 percent). Identification of the underlying causes of desquamative
      gingivitis is of utmost importance and is dependent upon clinical, histologic,
      and immunologic criteria.

PMID- 6578476
TI  - Submandibular adenitis with middle ear infection in a 5-month-old child.

PMID- 6578477
TI  - Oral presentations in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a review of thirty-one cases. Part
      I. Data analysis.
AB  - Thirty-one patients with oral manifestations of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have been
      studied with reference to age, sex, race, location of lesion in oral cavity,
      stage of disease on presentation, duration of disease at time of presentation,
      histologic type, modes of treatment, and survival. There were 6 children and 25
      adults, ranging in age from 3 to 89 years. Only 2 of the 31 patients were black.
      Sex incidence was almost equal, with 17 females and 14 males. In 12 cases the
      oral findings alone represented the initial presentation of lymphoma. The
      maxilla, mandible, and palate accounted for 24 of the 31 cases. The preponderance
      of diffuse histologic patterns was striking (77.4 percent). Eighteen cases (58.0
      percent) presented in Stage I or Stage II, indicating relatively limited extent
      of disease. More generalized involvement was found in the remaining thirteen
      cases (41.9 percent). Thus, although NHL may appear in the oral region as the
      first detected evidence of disease, in many patients a work-up will show that the
      process is widespread in distribution. In this brief series survival data
      coincide with the established principles that a poorer prognosis is associated
      with the diffuse histologic pattern, as well as certain identified histiocytic
      and poorly differentiated lymphocytic subtypes.

PMID- 6578478
TI  - Lobular carcinoma of intraoral minor salivary gland origin. Report of twelve
      cases.
AB  - In an attempt to define more accurately the tumors grouped under the heading of
      "adenocarcinoma of salivary gland origin," we reviewed the cases in our registry
      that were classified as adenocarcinoma, carcinoma of salivary gland origin, and
      infiltrating epithelial salivary gland tumors. Eleven tumors that had certain
      unique microscopic features in common were identified. These eleven tumors and
      one that was reviewed in consultation make up the basis of this study. We
      classified these lesions as lobular carcinoma of salivary gland origin because of
      their remarkable microscopic resemblance to the breast tumors of the same name.
      These lesions appear to be of low-grade malignancy and have not recurred or
      metastasized in any of the eleven cases for which we have follow-up data, at
      times ranging from 5 to 80 months.

PMID- 6578479
TI  - Predentin changes in patients with chronic renal failure.
AB  - Morphometric studies were carried out on teeth extracted from normal human
      patients and compared with those extracted from patients suffering from chronic
      renal failure and patients being treated by chronic hemodialysis. The findings
      revealed that the predentin layer in patients suffering from chronic renal
      failure and patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis was significantly thicker
      than normal. These findings suggest that predentin is the metabolic equivalent of
      osteoid in bone and that increases in the predentin thickness may therefore be a
      reliable indicator of osteomalacia. It is suggested that the term odontomalacia
      be used to describe the changes occurring in the dentin of these patients.

PMID- 6578480
TI  - Intraoral ancient neurilemoma (ancient schwannoma). Report of a case with
      histologic and electron microscopic studies.
AB  - A case of ancient neurilemoma arising in the oral soft tissues is presented.
      Histologic and electron microscopic studies indicate that this tumor is, indeed,
      a variant of the neurilemoma and that the Schwann cell is the cell of origin. At
      the ultrastructural level, the bulk of the lesion is composed of numerous
      reduplications of basal lamina accompanying thin cytoplasmic processes and thus
      resembles a confluence of Verocay bodies as described in previous studies of
      classic neurilemomas. Heretofore unreported submicroscopic calcified spherules
      were observed scattered through the basal lamina material.

PMID- 6578481
TI  - Focal epithelial hyperplasia. Report of three cases from Nigeria, West Africa.
AB  - The first cases of focal epithelial hyperplasia from Nigeria and West Africa are
      presented. Although cases of this disease have been reported in Coloureds from
      South Africa, the three cases in this report represent the first in black
      Africans. The probability that the etiologic agent is a communicable agent,
      perhaps a virus, is reinforced by the clinical histories of the two related
      patients in this report.

PMID- 6578483
TI  - Tissue response to a glass ionomer used as an endodontic cement. A preliminary
      study in dogs.
AB  - A glass ionomer and a standard zinc phosphate were compared with respect to their
      biocompatibility as endodontic cements. The tissue response was assessed by
      implantation of both materials in dog tibias. In general, the glass ionomer
      appeared to provoke a slightly lesser inflammatory response than the zinc
      phosphate, but this was significant only at the 10- and 30-day observations. At
      the end of 90 days the tissue response to the tested materials appeared to be
      similar and the inflammatory picture tended to be resolved with progressive new
      bone formation. These findings suggest that the tested glass ionomer might
      adequately replace the zinc phosphate cement as a luting material for endodontic
      implant stabilizers.

PMID- 6578482
TI  - A radiographic evaluation of the periapical status of teeth treated by the gutta
      percha-eucapercha endodontic method: a one-year follow-up study of 458 root
      canals. Part III.
AB  - In Part I which appeared two issues previously, the authors discussed the
      variations in treatment methods of nonsurgical endodontic therapy and in the
      determination of success and failure. They then reported on the materials and
      methods used and the radiographic criteria for success and failure in their
      clinical study of 458 root canals treated by the gutta-percha-eucapercha method.
      In Part II which appeared in the last issue, the one-year follow-up results were
      presented. Some of these results differ from previous investigations. For
      example, better success was found in (1) necrotic cases with areas of pathosis
      than in necrotic cases without "areas and in (2) overfilled cases than in
      underfilled cases. In Part III the authors discuss the possible reasons for these
      and other findings and give some implications for clinical practice.

PMID- 6578484
TI  - Computerized tomosynthesis of dental tissues.
AB  - A digital method that produces an arbitrary number of tomographic slices from a
      finite number of dental radiographs is described. The relation between the slice
      thickness of the tomograms, the number of radiographs required, and the
      tomographic angle is determined on the basis of existing theory. In order to test
      the method, a series of radiographs of a radiographic phantom were taken and
      subsequently digitized to facilitate computer processing. From eight radiographs
      with an angular disparity of 4.5 degrees, tomograms with a slice thickness of
      about 3 mm, were produced. These not only indicate the relative position of the
      dental tissues in space but also show clinical relationships that are not visible
      in the original radiographs.

PMID- 6578485
TI  - Free focus radiography with miniaturized dental x-ray machines: a comparison of
      "midline" and "lateral" techniques.
AB  - The use of free focus radiography (FFR) employing miniaturized dental x-ray
      machines with radiation probes has never been generally accepted in dentistry
      despite its recognized radiographic potential. The present investigation studied
      ways to improve imaging and lower radiation burdens in dental free focus
      radiography. Relatively high air exposures ranging from 42,050 mR per film for
      high-resolution images to 3,214 mR per film for lower-resolution images using a
      current midline radiographic technique for panoramic FFR were found. In a
      proposed lateral FFR panoramic technique, reduced exposures ranged from 420 mR
      per film for high-resolution images to 14 mR per film for lower-resolution
      images. In each technique the lower exposure was obtained with a rare earth
      imaging system. A proposed modification of the current midline FFR technique
      using a rare earth imaging system and heavy added copper filtration was found to
      produce exposures in the range normally used in dentistry (207 mr), and the
      resultant image was high in contrast with relatively low detail. A comparison of
      essential characteristics of midline and lateral FFR techniques failed to
      identify specific advantages for the midline technique in current use. Lateral
      exposure modes in dental FFR should receive increased attention in the interest
      of good imaging and radiation control. It was noted that existing miniaturized
      dental x-ray machines may have been designed specifically for use of the midline
      FFR exposure technique, and modification of this equipment to support reliable
      lateral exposure modes was recommended.

PMID- 6578486
TI  - An unusual foreign body.

PMID- 6578487
TI  - Multiple supernumerary teeth.

PMID- 6578488
TI  - [Demonstration of abdominal abscesses with Ga-67-citrate scintigraphy and
      ultrasonography].

PMID- 6578489
TI  - Tics in children and adolescents.

PMID- 6578490
TI  - Pediatric management problems.

PMID- 6578491
TI  - Synchronous multicentric osteosarcoma.
AB  - A case of synchronous multicentric osteosarcoma is reported in an 11-year-old
      boy. This very rare condition is characterized by simultaneous involvement of
      multiple skeletal sites, and the prognosis is generally poor.

PMID- 6578492
TI  - [Prostaglandin E2 and F2 excretion in children with glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 6578493
TI  - [Chronic lymphoid leukemia followed by acute monocytic leukemia].
AB  - A 62 year old patient with CLL treated by alkylating drugs for more than three
      years, underwent acute leukaemia (AL). The clinical particularities of the onset
      and course of this AL, the cytological, cytoenzymological and ultrastructural
      characteristics of the blasts are discussed in order to find a relation between
      the two hemopathies. A possible drug-induced etiology of this AL is proposed.

PMID- 6578495
TI  - 67Gallium kinetics in the blood of patients with malignant tumors.
AB  - 67Gallium was injected into 60 patients with malignant tumors and into 42
      patients in whom malignant tumors had been excluded by clinical investigation.
      67Ga kinetics in blood were evaluated by non-linear least square regression
      computer analysis according to an open 2-compartment model where elimination
      proceeds from the peripheral compartment. Parameters of 67Ga kinetics in tumor
      patients showed a bimodal distribution, as was also the case in patients without
      tumors. No difference could be demonstrated between kinetic parameters of tumor
      patients and patients without tumors. In 4 patients, 67Ga kinetics could be
      evaluated before and after treatment of their malignant tumors, but a decrease in
      the volume of distribution was the single alteration of kinetic parameters
      occurring after treatment. This decrease may be explained by a smaller peripheral
      compartment resulting from the loss of tumor mass after treatment. Nevertheless,
      we conclude that the evaluation of 67Ga kinetics in blood will provide only
      limited information about the presence, size and growth rate of malignant tumors
      in man.

PMID- 6578494
TI  - On the mechanisms of 67Ga and 59Fe uptake by tumors.
AB  - The uptake of 67Ga-citrate and 59Fe-citrate in the presence or absence of gallium
      and iron carriers, was studied on DS-sarcoma-bearing rats. Differences of uptake
      pattern were observed with both radionuclides. The tumor uptake of 67Ga is
      greatly affected by both carriers while 59Fe uptake is independent of the
      presence of carriers. The role of isotopic dilution, ionic competition, and the
      probable presence of high and low affinity binding sites in this phenomenon are
      discussed.

PMID- 6578496
TI  - Diamond working faces on gold foil condenser points.

PMID- 6578497
TI  - Rubber dam clamps - their use and abuse.

PMID- 6578498
TI  - "Extension for prevention": historical development and current status of G V
      Black's concept.

PMID- 6578499
TI  - Occlusal morphology as it relates to carving amalgam or waxing occlusal surfaces.

PMID- 6578500
TI  - Let's really standardize our tooth numbering system.

PMID- 6578501
TI  - Fetal karyotypes from fetoscopy blood samples.
AB  - The fetal karyotype was determined in 42 out of 45 cases from fetal blood
      obtained by fetoscopy for prenatal diagnosis of beta-thalassemia. The procedure
      described is quick and reliable and it is recommended for women over 35 years of
      age undergoing prenatal diagnosis for haemoglobinopathies.

PMID- 6578502
TI  - Purification of photochemically active halorhodopsin.
AB  - We have developed a procedure for the purification of halorhodopsin in a
      photochemically active state. Solubilization of membranes from a
      bacteriorhodopsin-negative Halobacterium strain with octyl glucoside was followed
      by chromatography on hydroxylapatite and octyl-Sepharose gels. All steps were
      carried out in high-ionic-strength solutions. The procedure resulted in 270-fold
      enrichment with a 35% yield. The eluted pigment had an absorption maximum at 575
      nm and an A280/A575 ratio of 2. On removal of the detergent by dialysis, the
      purified halorhodopsin was chemically bleached, regenerated with [3H]retinal, and
      reduced with cyanoborohydride. Such samples showed one main and one satellite
      band after staining or fluorography of NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels. The apparent
      molecular weight of the main band was 25,000. Purified halorhodopsin underwent a
      photocycle after excitation with pulsed laser light and showed a 9-nm blue shift
      (at neutral pH) on removal of chloride ion. The pigment also underwent a
      photoreversible shift at alkaline pH to a form absorbing maximally at 410 nm. All
      three reactions closely resembled those of membrane-bound halorhodopsin.

PMID- 6578503
TI  - Replication and expression of Xenopus laevis globin genes injected into
      fertilized Xenopus eggs.
AB  - Cloned Xenopus adult alpha 1- and beta 1-globin genes were injected into
      fertilized Xenopus eggs, and the eggs were allowed to develop into swimming
      tadpoles. The injected DNA replicated during early Xenopus development but did
      not become methylated de novo. When DNA was modified with Hpa II methylase before
      injection, methylation was maintained during replication. Although the Xenopus
      adult globin genes are not normally expressed until metamorphosis, both the
      unmethylated and in vitro methylated adult alpha- and beta-globin genes were
      transcribed at low levels, but from the correct promoters, during early
      development.

PMID- 6578504
TI  - A pteroylpolyglutamate binds to tetramers in deoxyhemoglobin but to dimers in
      oxyhemoglobin.
AB  - The binding of a physiological concentration of pteroylhepta(glutamate) to oxy-
      and deoxyhemoglobin in large excess was measured by ultrafiltration. The
      variation of free to bound folate with hemoglobin concentration showed that a
      single molecule of the pteroylpolyglutamate is bound by deoxyhemoglobin tetramers
      and by alpha beta dimers in oxyhemoglobin. Although the binding sites are
      different, the affinity constants are the same and very similar to the 2,3
      bisphosphoglycerate binding energy. Nevertheless, in view of the small proportion
      of dimers in oxyhemoglobin much more pteroylhepta(glutamate) is bound by
      deoxyhemoglobin over a wide range of hemoglobin concentrations. Because even 2%
      deoxyhemoglobin is enough to bind all of the erythrocyte folate as polyglutamate,
      the bulk of it will be bound at physiological oxygen pressures. Free folate could
      only be expected in fully oxygenated erythrocytes. Therefore, the reaction of
      pteroylpolyglutamates with hemoglobin represents an oxygenation-dependent storage
      mechanism that can account for the 40-fold excess of the vitamin in the
      erythrocyte over the amounts in the serum. Because methotrexate is also converted
      to polyglutamate derivatives in the erythrocyte, this drug is likely to be
      concentrated and stored there by the same mechanism.

PMID- 6578505
TI  - Energetics of B-to-Z transition in DNA.
AB  - Analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of topoisomers of plasmids
      containing d(pCpG)n . d(pCpG)n inserts, in which n ranges between 8 and 21, shows
      that the B-to-Z transition within the alternating C-G is readily induced by
      negative supercoiling and is highly cooperative. The free energy parameters for
      the transition in dilute aqueous buffers have been evaluated from a statistical
      mechanical analysis of the data, and these parameters allow prediction of the
      superhelicities of plasmids at which the transition occurs in alternating C-G
      inserts over a wide range of lengths. In agreement with the crystal structures,
      the helical handedness of the B structure in solution and that of the Z structure
      are shown to be opposite to each other. Furthermore, it is found that the B form
      of the alternating C-G sequence in solution has a helical periodicity of 10.5 +/-
      0.1 base pairs per turn, and the Z form has a helical periodicity of 11.6 +/- 0.3
      base pairs per turn. There also appears to be a significant unwinding of the
      right-handed DNA duplex at each of the B/Z junctions.

PMID- 6578506
TI  - Nanosecond flash photolysis study of carbon monoxide binding to the beta chain of
      hemoglobin Zurich [beta 63(E7)His leads to Arg].
AB  - Binding of carbon monoxide to beta chains of hemoglobin Zurich has been studied
      by flash photolysis over the time range of nanoseconds to seconds at temperatures
      from 20 to 300 K. From 20 to 200 K a single rebinding process (process I) is
      seen, characterized by a distribution of barrier heights with a peak enthalpy of
      2.3 kJ/mol. Above 200 K some ligands escape from the pocket into the matrix, and
      above 260 K recombination from the solvent sets in. Process I is visible up to
      300 K, but above 200 K its rate remains essentially constant at about 4 X 10(8)s 
      1. Above about 250 K, process I is exponential in time, indicating rapid
      conformational relaxation. The results are discussed within the framework of a
      sequential model for ligand binding.

PMID- 6578507
TI  - Production of erythropoietin-like activity by a murine erythroleukemia cell line.
AB  - A transplantable murine leukemia, primarily induced by a biologically cloned
      Friend helper virus, was shown to induce polycythemia in recipient ICFW mice. A
      leukemia cell line (IW.32) was established in vitro from this transplantable
      leukemia. Sodium butyrate and hemin induced erythroid differentiation in these
      leukemia cells as has already been shown with other erythroleukemia cells. The
      supernatant of this cell line was devoid of spleen focus-forming virus activity.
      However, it induced the incorporation of 59Fe in polycythemic mice and the in
      vitro differentiation of murine and human cfu-e into erythroid colonies.
      Therefore, these erythroleukemia cells produced a factor with all the biological
      properties of erythropoietin. The erythropoietic activity of IW.32 supernatant
      was higher in vitro [equivalent to 0.5-1 international unit (IU) of
      erythropoietin per ml] than in vivo (0.15-0.3 IU/ml). This erythropoietin-like
      activity was stable at 100 degrees C for 3 min, which ruled out the possibility
      that a virus was responsible for these effects. Preliminary studies demonstrated
      that the biochemical properties of the IW.32 factor are strongly similar to those
      of Connaught step 3 erythropoietin, thus supporting the hypothesis that the IW.32
      factor is indeed an erythropoietin.

PMID- 6578508
TI  - Evolution of a finite population under gene conversion.
AB  - Evolution at a multiallelic locus under the joint action of gene conversion,
      mutation, selection, and random genetic drift is studied. Generations are
      discrete and nonoverlapping; the diploid, monoecious population mates at random.
      Under the assumption that all four evolutionary forces are weak, a diffusion
      approximation is established for the dynamics of the gene frequencies. For two
      alleles, the inclusion of gene conversion merely alters one of the two selection
      parameters of the thoroughly investigated diffusion process without conversion.
      Therefore, all results for this classical process, some of which are reviewed and
      extended here, are immediately applicable to the biologically more general
      problem. Small conversional disparities can dramatically affect the fixation
      probability (and hence the rate of gene substitution) and can greatly reduce the
      mean conditional fixation time of a new mutant. The mean absorption and fixation
      times are often sufficiently short to imply that biased gene conversion can be an
      important mechanism for the loss of genetic variability in and the genetic
      divergence of isolated populations.

PMID- 6578509
TI  - The chorionic gonadotropin alpha-subunit gene is on human chromosome 18 in JEG
      cells.
AB  - The gene for the alpha subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been
      tentatively assigned to human chromosome 18. This localization was accomplished
      through the use of Southern blot analysis. A full-length cDNA probe for the hCG
      alpha subunit and DNA isolated from a series of somatic hybrids between mouse and
      human cells were utilized to make this assignment. In addition, in situ
      hybridization with normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes as a source of human
      chromosomes and with the same cDNA probe confirmed this result. The presence of
      human chromosome 18 was required for the detection of DNA fragments
      characteristic of the alpha-hCG gene. These results are consistent with our
      previous observation that human chromosomes 10 and 18 are required for the
      production of hCG in cultured cells.

PMID- 6578510
TI  - Chromosomal mapping of the mink cell focus-inducing and xenotropic env gene
      family in the mouse.
AB  - Chromosomal locations of members of the xenotropic-related env gene family in the
      mouse genome have been determined. Endonuclease restriction site polymorphisms
      detected by molecular hybridization were used to study the inheritance of mink
      cell-focus inducing and xenotropic env gene-related sequences in recombinant
      inbred strains of mice. Some of the endogenous env sequences appear to be closely
      linked to genes determining leukemia virus induction and to genes involved in the
      immune response, such as the heavy and light chains of the immunoglobulin
      molecules or allotypic determinants on B and T lymphocytes. The use of probes
      that detect restriction fragment length polymorphisms in a small family of
      dispersed sequences promises to yield a large number of markers that can be used
      together with recombinant inbred strains for efficient mapping of the mouse
      genome.

PMID- 6578511
TI  - The structure and nucleotide sequence of the 5' end of the human c-myc oncogene.
AB  - We have established the structure and nucleotide sequence of the 5' end of the
      human c-myc oncogene, using a cloned genomic fragment isolated from a fetal liver
      library (clone lambda MC41) and cloned cDNA from the human leukemic cell line
      K562. The human c-myc oncogene consists of three exons and two introns. Primer
      extension of the human c-myc mRNA of three different cell lines and S1 nuclease
      protection experiments served to establish the position of two transcription
      initiation sites. The splicing site of the first exon-intron boundary was
      determined by comparative analysis of the sequences of the genomic and cDNA
      clones. The first exon contains termination codons in all three reading frames
      and no translation initiation signals, confirming our previous observation that
      the c-myc mRNA has a long 5' noncoding sequence. This first exon also was found
      to be utilized in the formation of c-myc mRNAs in a variety of human cell lines.

PMID- 6578512
TI  - Synergy of ricin A chain-containing immunotoxins and ricin B chain-containing
      immunotoxins in in vitro killing of neoplastic human B cells.
AB  - A strategy is described for improving the efficacy of ricin A chain-containing
      immunotoxins. Highly purified preparations of ricin A chain or ricin B chain were
      separately coupled to anti-human immunoglobulin antibodies and the conjugates
      (immunotoxins) were affinity purified to eliminate free chains. Mixtures of anti
      Ig-A and anti-Ig-B immunotoxins markedly synergized in vitro in their ability to
      kill the Ig-bearing human lymphoma cell line Daudi. In contrast, A-chain- or B
      chain-containing immunotoxins of irrelevant specificity did not synergize with
      anti-Ig-A or anti-Ig-B immunotoxins. This finding indicates that free A or B
      chains do not play a major role in the synergy and that the synergy is specific.
      Thus, synergy depends on the specificity of the two antibodies; the lectin
      binding ability of a B-chain-containing immunotoxin of irrelevant specificity
      does not suffice. This approach of delivering ricin A chain and B chain
      separately to a target cell may have significant advantages in killing cells that
      are not effectively killed by A-chain-containing immunotoxins alone.

PMID- 6578513
TI  - Characterization of human hybridomas secreting antibody to tetanus toxoid.
AB  - We have selected a thioguanine-resistant lymphoblastoid cell line (LTR228) that
      forms human-human hybrids with high efficiency. Fusions with peripheral B cells
      consistently yield one colony per 10(5) cells plated. To produce antitetanus
      monoclonal antibodies, we withdrew blood from persons who had recently received
      booster injections of tetanus toxoid. T cells were separated from peripheral
      mononuclear cells by 2-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide-induced rosette
      formation, given 1,500 rads (1 rad = 0.01 gray), and cultured in a 1:1 ratio with
      nonrosetting cells. After 3 days of pokeweed mitogen stimulation, heterokaryons
      were produced by a plate-fusion technique and cultured in Iscove's Dulbecco's
      minimal essential medium for 24 hr prior to hybrid selection. Colonies appeared
      after 10-14 days in hypoxanthine/azaserine supplemented medium. A direct binding
      enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with specific tetanus toxoid inhibition
      identified positive wells. The hybridomas were cloned twice in soft agarose and
      by limiting dilution. The subcloned hybridomas double every 26 hr (vs. every 16
      hr for LTR228) and produce 1-5 micrograms of specific IgG, kappa antibody per
      10(6) cells per ml per 24 hr. All subclones (almost 200) continue to secrete
      antibody after 11 months of continuous culture. Twelve representative subclones
      have near tetraploid amounts of DNA. From hybridomas grown in 5-liter spinner
      flasks, milligram quantities of the IgG, kappa antibody were purified by
      staphylococcus protein A affinity chromatography. Specific antibody from
      hybridoma cultures protected mice injected with 1,000 times the LD50 of tetanus
      toxin. Our cell line and associated techniques should permit the production of
      therapeutically important human monoclonal antibodies.

PMID- 6578514
TI  - Immunostimulatory mouse granuloma protein.
AB  - Earlier studies have shown that from subcutaneous talc-induced granuloma in mice,
      a fraction could be extracted that fully protected mice against Listeria
      monocytogenes. Using standard biochemical procedures--i.e., ammonium sulfate
      fractionation, preparative electrophoresis, gel filtration chromatography,
      isoelectric focusing, and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis--we have
      now purified an active factor to homogeneity. A single band was obtained in
      NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel with an apparent Mr of 55,000. It migrated with alpha
      1-globulins and the isoelectric point was 5 +/- 0.1. The biological activity was
      destroyed with Pronase but not with trypsin and a monospecific polyclonal rabbit
      antiserum was obtained. The intravenous injection of 5 micrograms of this "mouse
      granuloma protein" fully protects mice against a lethal inoculum of L.
      monocytogenes. Moreover, after their incubation with 10 nM mouse granuloma
      protein, mouse peritoneal cells became cytostatic against Lewis carcinoma cells.

PMID- 6578515
TI  - Production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody directed against the
      43,000-dalton v1 polypeptide from Torpedo marmorata electric organ.
AB  - Subsynaptic membrane fragments prepared from Torpedo marmorata electric organ
      contain, in addition to the acetylcholine receptor polypeptides, a major protein
      band of apparent molecular mass 43,000 daltons. On two-dimensional gels, this
      band yields three spots referred to as v1, v2, and v3. Monoclonal antibodies
      against the 43,000-dalton proteins were developed in CBA mice. One of them
      reacted exclusively with the v1 polypeptide but not with v2 and v3. Staining by
      the "immunogold" reaction followed by observation by electron microscopy showed
      that this antibody exclusively labeled the innervated membrane of T. marmorata
      electroplaque on its cytoplasmic face. Electroblots of one-dimensional gels of
      membrane preparations from 80-mm embryo electric organ were prepared. After
      reaction with the anti-v1 monoclonal antibody, a strongly stained 43,000-dalton
      band was revealed.

PMID- 6578516
TI  - Comparative localization of acetylcholinesterase and pseudocholinesterase during
      morphogenesis of the chicken brain.
AB  - The histochemical localization of specific acetylcholinesterase (AcChoEase) and
      nonspecific cholinesterase (BtChoEase) is described during the early
      morphogenesis of the whole chicken head with main emphasis on the visual system.
      It is found that: (i) Expression of AcChoEase is an early differentiation event
      in the entire brain. Its pattern of first appearance on the external part of the
      neuroepithelium correlates with the general spatio-temporal pattern of
      differentiation. AcChoEase thus represents an early differentiation marker. (ii)
      The late pattern of AcChoEase (at E18), reflecting at least partially the
      distribution of synaptic AcChoEase shows no direct correlation to the
      distributions found at early stages when synapses are not yet formed. This argues
      for a nonsynaptic function of the early appearing AcChoEase. (iii) BtChoEase in
      early nervous tissue is diffusely localized on the ventricular side of the neural
      tube. At later stages it becomes concentrated on the ependymal layer as well as
      along fibers reaching from this inner layer outwards. Minor activities appear in
      specific external layers of tectum and retina. (iv) During the course of
      differentiation the enzymes express pronounced graded distributions within the
      areas where they are detectable. (v) Mesenchymal and epidermal BtChoEase is
      abundant in the entire head. Prominent amounts of activity are expressed on the
      rostral epidermis, along the eye cup next to the sclera, and on the rostro-dorsal
      surrounding of the optic nerves. The results are discussed in the light of
      possible morphogenetic functions of these enzymes.

PMID- 6578517
TI  - Processing of enkephalin-containing peptides in isolated bovine adrenal
      chromaffin granules.
AB  - Intact chromaffin granules isolated from bovine adrenal medulla were incubated at
      37 degrees C for up to 22 hr. Processing of enkephalin-containing (EC) peptides
      in the granules was followed by the change in their size distribution as shown by
      chromatography on Sephadex G-75 columns. A gradual shift toward lower molecular
      weight EC peptides was observed during the incubation, indicating processing of
      the higher molecular weight to lower molecular weight EC peptides. The total
      amount of [Met]-enkephalin, free and in peptide linkage, remained constant
      indicating that little or no nonspecific degradation occurred during the
      experiment. HPLC resolution of the fraction containing the low molecular weight
      EC peptides showed that free enkephalins as well as [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Phe7 and
      [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 accumulated while [Met]enkephalin-Arg6 and
      [Met]enkephalin-Lys6 disappeared. All the above data indicate the presence of an
      atypical trypsin activity and the presence of a carboxypeptidase B-like activity
      within the granules. From the rates of accumulation of the low molecular weight
      EC peptides and the disappearance of the higher molecular weight EC peptides, a
      processing rate of 65-70 pmol/g tissue per hr was estimated, which calculates to
      a lifetime of 6-8 days for EC peptides in the granules. Under steady-state
      conditions this rate of processing appears to be too low to produce significant
      amounts of free enkephalins from larger EC peptides. This is well in accord with
      previous observations that relatively small amounts of free enkephalins are found
      in bovine adrenal medulla.

PMID- 6578518
TI  - Sarcomere length and tension changes in tetanized frog muscle fibers after quick
      stretches and releases.
AB  - The sarcomere length changes in tetanized frog muscle fibers in response to quick
      fiber length changes were examined along the fiber length with a high-sensitivity
      laser diffraction technique. The experiments were only performed with muscle
      fibers in which the uniform orientation and sarcomere length of the component
      myofibrils were well preserved during a tetanus. When the sarcomere length
      changes were recorded near the fixed fiber end, the delay of the onset of
      sarcomere length change in response to the applied fiber length change tended to
      be longer than that of the onset of tension changes recorded at the fixed fiber
      end. The magnitude of sarcomere length changes was larger near the moving fiber
      end than near the fixed fiber end. In the case of quick releases, the resulting
      sarcomere shortening tended to outlast the fiber shortening, so that the quick
      tension recovery started during the sarcomere shortening. These results indicate
      (i) that the tension changes in response to quick fiber length changes may not
      give direct information about the cross-bridge properties and (ii) that the
      viscoelastic multisegmental nature of muscle fibers should be taken into
      consideration in interpreting the tension responses to quick length changes.

PMID- 6578519
TI  - Separation of the two components of the contractile activity of leukotriene C4 on
      the guinea pig lung parenchymal strip.
AB  - The contractions, induced by LTC4 in the guinea pig lung parenchymal strip are
      composed of two parts, one of which is due to the effect of the released TxA2 and
      the other one to the direct action of LTC4. After the addition of indomethacin,
      the TxA2 release is totally inhibited, but the contractions only partly. It is
      shown that the release of TxA2 only occurs during the initial period of the
      contractions. This indicates that the direct action of LTC4 represents the slow
      acting component in the contraction.

PMID- 6578520
TI  - In-vitro production of prostaglandin E, F and 6-oxo-prostaglandin F1 alpha by the
      uterine and ovarian tissues of pseudopregnant rabbits.
AB  - The production of prostaglandin (PG) E, PGF and 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha by the uterine
      and ovarian tissues of pseudopregnant rabbits was investigated at the various
      stages of pseudopregnancy. The production of PGE, PGF and 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha in the
      tissues tested was expressed as mean (+/-S.E.M.) ng/mg protein per 6h. The
      production of PGE by endometrial tissue was found to be slightly raised with
      levels ranging from 2.15 to 2.92 on days 13 - 19 compared with values on day 5 (P
      less than 0.01). Subsequently PGE production declined on day 22 to the same level
      as that on day 5. In the myometrial tissue the same tendency in PGE production
      was observed as in the endometrial tissue. A significant increase in PGF
      production in the endometrial tissues was observed on day 13 (4.08 +/- 0.56)
      compared with that on day 12 (1.28 +/- 0.17) (P less than 0.001). The highest
      activity was detected on day 19 (7.19 +/- 0.29). An abrupt decrease occurred on
      day 20. In the myometrial tissues there was a slight and gradual increase in PGF
      production from day 12 (1.88 +/- 0.18) until day 16 (3.22 +/- 0.21). A sudden
      decline in the activity was detected after day 17. A marked increase of the 6-oxo
      PGF1 alpha production activity in the myometrial tissues was observed on days 12 
      20 ranging from 14.60 to 19.25 compared with that on day 5 (P less than 0.001).
      The maximum activity was detected on day 16 (19.25 +/- 2.76). In the endometrium
      significant increase ranging from 4.85 to 8.31 occurred continuously from days 14
      - 20 compared with that of day 12 (P less than 0.01). The myometrial tissue was
      shown to be significantly more potent in 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha production than
      endometrial tissue (P less than 0.01). No significant increase of PGE and PGF
      production activity was detected in the ovarian tissues throughout
      pseudopregnancy. The corpora lutea were shown to have very low 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha
      production activity. The 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha production activity of the remaining
      ovarian tissue was demonstrated to be significantly (P less than 0.01) more
      potent than the corpus luteum. The endometrial tissue of pseudopregnant rabbits
      has marked PGF2 alpha production activity in the late stage of pseudopregnancy,
      whereas the myometrial tissue is remarkably potent in 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha synthesis.
      Conversely, ovarian tissues showed much lower PG production activity than the
      uterine tissues. These experiments suggest that the main site of PGF production
      in luteolysis may be the endometrium and not the ovary itself. The physiological
      significance of PG production in relation to luteolysis is discussed.

PMID- 6578522
TI  - Plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 6578521
TI  - Influence of sex steroids during early development on aortic 6-keto-PGF1 alpha
      synthesis in adult rats: selective sensitivity to estrogens.

PMID- 6578523
TI  - Effect of preexisting borderline personality disorder on clinical and EEG sleep
      correlates of depression.

PMID- 6578524
TI  - Premenstrual tension syndrome: diagnostic criteria and selection of research
      subjects.
AB  - The investigation of premenstrual tension syndrome (PMTS) has been hampered by
      several methodological problems, particularly an inadequate definition of study
      subjects. Diagnostic criteria for PMTS that use both interview and self-report
      information were tested in 24 symptomatic female volunteers. Each woman
      subsequently completed daily reports of emotional and somatic symptoms for 1 1/2
      menstrual cycles. Symptom profiles from subjects meeting the diagnostic criteria
      for PMTS were compared with profiles from subjects who failed to meet the
      criteria. This study demonstrated that the diagnostic instruments used could
      identify a group of women with a severe and time-limited premenstrual
      psychological disturbance and distinguish them from women with milder and more
      temporally diffuse changes. The need for such instruments and their importance
      for further research into this disorder are discussed.

PMID- 6578525
TI  - Biochemical and hematological consequences of posttreatment drinking behavior in
      male alcoholics.
AB  - A prospective study was designed to determine the effects of posttreatment
      alcohol consumption by alcoholics on 25 commonly ordered clinical laboratory
      tests. Laboratory values were determined on 56 male alcoholics on admission to an
      alcoholism treatment program and again some 7 months later. Although there was a
      significant decrease in posttreatment alcohol consumption, frequency of drinking
      and quantity per occasion were predictive of approximately half of the laboratory
      tests. Increased frequency or quantity per occasion predicted more impaired
      hepatic and hematologic functioning. Additional analyses revealed that abstainers
      showed significant improvement in hepatic and hematologic parameters, whereas
      drinkers had levels similar to those observed at admission. Continued alcohol
      consumption by alcoholics increases the risk of adverse medical consequences as
      measured by clinical laboratory tests.

PMID- 6578526
TI  - Sympathetic nervous system function in XYY subjects.
AB  - Initial reports of males with the XYY sex chromosome anomaly indicated that these
      individuals excessively exhibit impulsive, aggressive, and criminal behavior.
      Central nervous system (CNS) defects, including low intelligence, in certain XYY
      subjects may be associated with these antisocial behaviors. The sympathetic
      nervous system (SNS) is activated in stressful conditions of "fight or flight"
      upon standing up from a supine posture, with physical exercise, and with
      aggressive behavior. Norepinephrine (NE) is the principal neurotransmitter of the
      SNS, and plasma levels of NE and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase are indices of SNS
      function. We questioned the integrity of SNS function in XYY subjects for two
      reasons: (1) their inferred propensity for aggressive behavior and the
      association of this behavior with increased NE levels; and (2) their potential
      for CNS dysfunction, which could be reflected in abnormal SNS regulation by the
      CNS. In the current study plasma levels of NE in XYY subjects are
      nonsignificantly higher than in normal volunteers. Additionally, XYY patients
      have a normal NE half-life indicating normal SNS activity and metabolism. Thus,
      we are unable to document with confidence any abnormality in SNS function in
      these XYY subjects.

PMID- 6578527
TI  - Concentration and mnemonic training in elderly subjects with memory complaints: a
      study of combined therapy and order effects.
AB  - In a study of a cognitive retraining program for the elderly, subjects received a
      combination of two types of training designed to reduce the memory impairment
      associated with normal aging. Concentration training (CT) consisted of techniques
      to improve selective and sustained attention. Mnemonic training (MT) involved an
      associative imagery technique designed to enhance the organization and retrieval
      of information. Order effects were examined using two groups of subjects. One
      group received CT followed by MT whereas the other group received MT before CT.
      It was hypothesized that the CT-MT sequence would improve immediate and delayed
      serial recall more than the reverse sequence. This hypothesis was supported and
      transfer effects were found on a paired-associates learning task. The findings
      suggest a need for further research on potential interactions and sequencing
      effects among different forms of cognitive training.

PMID- 6578528
TI  - Ventricular brain enlargement and outcome of acute schizophreniform disorder.

PMID- 6578529
TI  - Reported weight loss and the dexamethasone suppression test.

PMID- 6578530
TI  - Vulnerability to psychosis associated with hallucinogen use.
AB  - Ninety-five patients hospitalized for acute psychosis were reviewed with respect
      to hallucinogen use and family history of mental illness. Sixty-three percent of
      admissions had used hallucinogens to some degree within 3 years of the index
      admission. Drug users were predominantly male, although no age or diagnostic
      differences with the nondrug group were found. The incidence of hospitalized
      first degree relatives was approximately 30% and equal for both drug and nondrug
      groups. Male drug users and female nondrug users were more likely to have had
      first degree relatives hospitalized. For male psychotics only, lower degrees of
      drug use were associated with a greater number of hospitalized first degree
      relatives. For female psychotics only, drug use was positively associated with
      full scale IQ. The findings suggest sex differences in vulnerability to psychoses
      associated with hallucinogen use.

PMID- 6578531
TI  - Brain purinergic activity linked with depressive symptomatology: hypoxanthine and
      xanthine in CSF of patients with major depressive disorders.
AB  - The purine metabolites hypoxanthine and xanthine were analyzed in cerebrospinal
      fluid (CSF) of 70 patients with major depressive disorders (diagnosed according
      to Research Diagnostic Criteria) and, for reference, in 26 nonpsychiatric
      individuals. In the patient group, levels adjusted by analysis of covariance to
      same sex, age, height, and weight were univariately and multivariately correlated
      with both depressive subdiagnoses and individual depressive symptoms. Results
      indicate that raw CSF levels in depressed patients are significantly correlated
      with the four variables used in adjustment (for hypoxanthine mainly negatively
      with height; for xanthine mainly positively with age). Hypoxanthine and xanthine
      both appear to be linked with the expression of depressive symptomatology: lower
      levels of hypoxanthine are associated with anger and suicidal tendencies, and
      higher levels are related to memory disturbance; lower xanthine levels
      characterize patients with subjective feelings of depression, and in patients
      with higher levels appetite is poor.

PMID- 6578532
TI  - Lithium ratio in psychiatric patients: a caveat.
AB  - We divided bipolar patient samples into two groups: Group I (off lithium 10 days
      to 2 weeks, n = 14) and group II (off lithium 3 weeks or longer, n = 13). Only
      group I was significantly different from controls. The mean for group II was
      significantly different from that for group I but not that for controls. Previous
      reports may have exaggerated the number of "high ratio" patients due to a
      treatment artifact. We recommend that patients be tested only after having been
      withdrawn from lithium treatment for 3 weeks or more. Otherwise spurious
      differences between patients and controls may result.

PMID- 6578533
TI  - Language complexity and age of onset of schizophrenia.
AB  - Measures of syntactic complexity, derived from the grammatical analysis of free
      speech samples from schizophrenic subjects, were significantly correlated with
      age of onset of schizophrenia. A significant correlation remained after
      controlling for chronological age. These results were independent of duration of
      illness. The relationship between reduced syntactic complexity and early age of
      onset of schizophrenia suggests a salient role for language functioning in the
      manifestation, or even the etiology, of schizophrenia, and adds putative support
      to previous findings indicating left hemispheric dysfunction in schizophrenia.

PMID- 6578534
TI  - Perceptual discrimination and reaction time in hallucinatory schizophrenics.
AB  - Perceptual discrimination tasks were administered to a group of normal control
      subjects and the following three groups of schizophrenic subjects: those
      currently experiencing auditory hallucinations, those who experienced auditory
      hallucinations in the past but not at present, and those who never experienced
      auditory hallucinations. No one who ever experienced visual hallucinations was
      included. Reaction times (RTs) and accuracy in an auditory and in a visual
      perceptual discrimination task were recorded. The normal subjects were generally
      more accurate and had faster RTs than the schizophrenic groups. Among the
      schizophrenic groups, the currently hallucinatory group was generally most
      accurate. Also, their RTs early in the session were faster than those of the
      other schizophrenic subjects in the auditory, but not the visual, task. Unlike
      the other schizophrenic subjects, the currently hallucinatory group displayed
      faster auditory, as compared with visual, RTs throughout the session. The results
      point to altered processing of auditory information during the time schizophrenic
      subjects experience auditory hallucinations.

PMID- 6578536
TI  - Psychiatric and social aspects of premenstrual complaint.
AB  - A number of fundamental methodological problems exist in the area of premenstrual
      symptomatology and psychiatric ill-health. In the study described these have all
      been taken into account. The study has been so designed as to make expressly
      clear the definition of premenstrual complaint being employed and material
      gathered by means of a retrospective questionnaire is checked by means of an
      interview administered to a sub-sample and the use of a menstrual diary (Sampson
      & Jenner, 1977; Dalton, 1978). The use of an interview also permits a careful
      check to be made of the accuracy displayed by women asked to estimate their
      particular position in the menstrual cycle at the time of completion of the
      questionnaire. The use of the premenstrual interview, together with a
      standardized, semi-structured psychiatric interview specifically designed for the
      population under study, and a standardized, semi-structured social maladjustment
      schedule, permits a detailed assessment of the inter-relationship between
      premenstrual, psychiatric and social variables. Finally, the use of a general
      practice sample of women attending their general practitioners for many and
      varied reasons, together with a sample of women drawn from attenders at a
      specialized premenstrual tension treatment clinic, permits a comparison to be
      made between the symptom profiles of women in a general practice population who
      have not overtly identified themselves to the treatment agencies as premenstrual
      sufferers with a group of women who have so identified themselves. In this way, a
      more accurate estimate of the numbers of women in general practice samples who
      manifest a degree of premenstrual complaint equivalent to that shown by special
      treatment clinic attenders can be achieved.

PMID- 6578535
TI  - Auditory ERP augmentation-reduction and methylphenidate dosage needs in attention
      and reading disordered children.
AB  - From their event related potentials (ERPs) to tones of four intensity levels, a
      sample of attention disordered and/or reading disabled children, recommended for
      a trial on methylphenidate, were classified as auditory augmenters or reducers.
      The augmenters were blindly titrated at significantly lower dosage levels than
      the reducers. Moreover, the ameliorative effects of the drug, as assessed by
      teacher ratings, were more evident in hyperactive augmenters. The children
      diagnosed either as hyperactive or hyperactive and reading disabled had steeper
      (or more augmenting) gradients than the nonhyperactive reading disabled and
      attention disordered subjects. The ERP (N1-P2) gradients were not consistently
      related to reaction time (RT) gradients to the tones or to an RT measure of
      nervous system sensitivity. It is suggested that ERPs index registration but not
      response strength, the first being largely automatic and the second purposive.

PMID- 6578537
TI  - Quantitative assessment of psychologic state of patients with anorexia nervosa or
      bulimia: response to caloric stimulus.
AB  - Hospitalized patients with anorexia nervosa (N = 17) or bulimia (N = 11) were
      given a standard liquid meal containing 400 calories. Using analogue scales,
      bulimic patients were found to have greater anxiety, lower mood, lower sexual
      arousal, and more fear of fatness than either control or anorectic patients. This
      finding of increased general "dysphoria" in bulimic patients persisted after the
      meal without any significant premeal to postmeal changes. Anorectic patients also
      differed from controls, but less than the bulimic patients. Some measures of
      anxiety correlated significantly with body mass index before the meal in bulimic
      patients, whereas in anorectic patients the correlation was significant only
      after the meal.

PMID- 6578538
TI  - Psychological and behavioral characteristics of normal-weight bulimics and normal
      weight controls.
AB  - This study compares psychological traits, physical traits, behavior, demographic
      data, incidence of family pathology, incidence of life stress, and scores on
      eating disorder scales in a sample of normal-weight female bulimics with a sample
      of normal-weight female controls. The groups, matched for age, socioeconomic
      status, and I.Q. were found to have comparable physical traits, family
      demographics, incidence of family pathology, and incidence of life stress.
      However, bulimics demonstrated significantly higher levels of psychological
      pathology and impulsive behavior. There were significantly more suicide attempts,
      psychiatric hospitalizations, episodes of stealing, use of drugs, and menstrual
      disturbances among the bulimics than the controls. The bulimics consistently
      rated themselves sicker than the controls on all psychometric scales. Most
      notable were the depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, and interpersonal
      sensitivity factors on the Symptom Checklist 90, and the internal control score
      on the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale. The discussion includes a brief
      description of weight set-point theory and its role in the maintenance of
      bulimia.

PMID- 6578539
TI  - [Topical nuclear magnetic resonance--a non-invasive probe for biochemical
      measurements in living organisms].
AB  - Topical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (TNMR) is a noninvasive and non-hazardous new
      technique which allows local observation of chemical composition and metabolism
      in living objects. This article gives an introduction into TNMR, along with a
      brief discussion on instrumentation. Some clinically relevant TNMR results from
      literature will also be described and illustrated with our own experimental
      spectra of a forearm.

PMID- 6578540
TI  - Discriminating analysis of "in vitro" prostaglandin release by myometrial and
      luminal sides of the ewe endometrium.
AB  - An original perifusion device which allows a discrimination between the 30 mn
      releases of prostaglandins F2 alpha and E2 by the luminal and the myometrial
      faces of sheep endometrium is described. Tissue was sampled on day 4, 14, 16 or
      17 of the cycle and on day 14 or 17 of pregnancy. Total prostaglandin (PG)
      release measured with this device was in good agreement with PG's concentrations
      in media of in vitro endometrium incubations already described. Discrimination
      analysis of the PGs release by each side of the endometrial tissue during the 30
      mn perifusion time revealed that PGF2 alpha concentrations of the perifusion
      medium issued from the lumen compartment were higher than those of the myometrial
      compartment in all physiological status where corpus luteum is active (including
      early pregnancy). Therefore in the ewe, it seems that luteal structure
      maintenance during early pregnancy is not due, as in the gilt, to a shift in PGF2
      alpha secretion towards the uterine lumen.

PMID- 6578541
TI  - Plasma 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF alpha (PGFM) in pregnant and nonpregnant heifers
      prior to and during surgery and following intrauterine injection of PGF2 alpha.
AB  - On day 17 postestrus or postmating, heifers were given intrauterine injections of
      saline (2 pregnant, 2 non-pregnant) or 200 micrograms PGF2 alpha (7 pregnant, 6
      nonpregnant) through cannulae installed surgically into the uterine horn
      ipsilateral to the corpus luteum bearing ovary. Jugular blood samples were
      collected prior to the laparotomy at which the cannulae were installed during
      surgery, and for 90 min following the intrauterine injection. Plasma was assayed
      for progesterone and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2 alpha (PGFM). Laparotomies were
      reopened to confirm proper cannula placement and to determine if blastocysts were
      present in mated heifers. Concentrations of PGFM were higher in pregnant compared
      to nonpregnant heifers during the presurgery (68 +/- 26 vs 24 +/- 26 pg/ml; P
      less than .025) and surgery (186 +/- 47 vs 65 +/- 17 pg/ml; P less than .05)
      periods. Pregnancy status did not alter the mean concentrations of PGFM
      (pregnant, 554 +/- 70 pg/ml; nonpregnant, 422 +/- 81 pg/ml) or the half-life of
      its decline in concentration (18 min) following intrauterine injection of PGF2
      alpha. Pregnancy at 17 days in cattle does not appear to influence PGF2 alpha
      transport from the uterine lumen or its metabolism in the uterus or elsewhere in
      response to an acute intrauterine injection.

PMID- 6578542
TI  - Levels of interaction between schizophrenia and manic-depressive disease.
AB  - Interaction between schizophrenia and manic-depressive disease (MDI) has to be
      examined with respect to type, intensity and time points within the courses.
      Interactions are possible at the level of genetics, constitution, biological
      (e.g. biorhythmical) mechanisms, neurophysiological actions, biochemical
      complexes and psychopathological interferences including defense mechanisms of
      personality. The common denominator seems to be the energetic situation into the
      satellite-glia-neuron cooperation. Activity of G6PD and AK 2-1 could be a hint of
      a factor of bipolarity, existing independently from schizophrenia and MDI.
      Interactions of different psychoses should be designated as interference
      psychoses. Within this field, the term schizoaffective characterizes the
      interference between schizophrenia and MDI, mixed psychoses mean stages of
      rapidly alternating or stable combinations of symptoms within the MDI.
      'Legierungspsychosen' should be reserved for interferences at the genetic level.

PMID- 6578543
TI  - What can genetics contribute to reduce the problems of schizo-affective
      psychoses?
AB  - The biological base of psychoses is controlled by multifactorial genotype
      compounds using sometimes the same gene locus or DNA information section for
      diverse diseases, but always in different and repeatable combinations. These
      compounds can be formed by special regulatory or junction genes. With the help of
      inherited serum markers of the haptoglobin and the Gc system including
      quantitative studies of the ceruloplasmin and transferrin serum level, the
      combinations of diverse biological factors have been presented especially for
      cycloid psychoses, unsystematic schizophrenias, and paranoid psychoses with late
      onset and a cyclic axis syndrome. Considering the specifications of genetic
      control and clinical course no indefinite mixtures in the sense of schizo
      affective psychoses should be discussed furthermore.

PMID- 6578544
TI  - Improve your purchasing and inventory control for better profits.

PMID- 6578545
TI  - Abstracts of the Fourth International Symposium on Gastrointestinal Hormones.
      Stockholm, Sweden, June 20-23, 1982.

PMID- 6578547
TI  - [Free flap curettage].

PMID- 6578546
TI  - [Therapeutic and chronologic foci in treatment of cleft lip and palate].

PMID- 6578548
TI  - [Dental amalgams with high copper content].

PMID- 6578549
TI  - [An interview with Dr. Manuel Lopez Lopez, professor of the School of Dentistry
      in Granada].

PMID- 6578550
TI  - [Matrices in conservative dentistry. Qualities of matrices for amalgam].

PMID- 6578551
TI  - Prostaglandin biosynthesis in submitochondria membrane fractions from rabbit
      kidney medulla.
AB  - We have previously shown (Erman and Raz, 1981; Erman et al, 1982) that
      mitochondria from rabbit kidney medulla contains prostaglandin synthase activity.
      Current studies are aimed at localizing this activity in the mitochondrial
      membrane subfractions. Medullary mitochondria was subfractionated into outer and
      inner membrane fractions which were characterized by specific enzyme markers.
      Both outer and inner membrane fractions catalyzed prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)
      biosynthesis from arachidonic acid. Significantly, the specific activity of
      prostaglandin synthase in the outer membrane was 9-10 fold higher than in the
      inner membrane.

PMID- 6578552
TI  - More on DRGs.

PMID- 6578553
TI  - Society objects to substantial JUA rate increase.

PMID- 6578554
TI  - Uniform determination of death.

PMID- 6578555
TI  - Radiographic case of the month: acourstic neuroma.

PMID- 6578556
TI  - The diagnosis and treatment of thrombocytopenia and intravascular coagulation in
      late prepgancy.

PMID- 6578557
TI  - Presidential address. Coalitions, consumers, and the society.

PMID- 6578558
TI  - Lone Star tick sighted in Newport County.

PMID- 6578559
TI  - Peer review organizations.

PMID- 6578560
TI  - [Occurrence of dental expenses in the view of Social Security].

PMID- 6578561
TI  - Ionized Calcium Workshop No. 1.

PMID- 6578562
TI  - An ionized calcium regulated calcium clamp technique in man.
AB  - A new method for calcium infusion in man is described. It is possible with this
      method to select, obtain and maintain a whole blood ionized calcium (WB-Ca++)
      level in a steady state by means of frequent ionized calcium determinations.
      Using the same initial calcium chloride infusion rate 17.55 mmol Ca++ per hour)
      in three groups of normocalcemic patients (n = 23), hypercalcemia (i.e. WB-Ca++
      greater than 1.32 mmol/l) was reached within 7-15 minutes; the desired level of
      WB-Ca++ (1.45 mmol/l) was obtained within 15-35 minutes. This level could then be
      maintained throughout the infusion period, 120 minutes. Thus, postmenopausal
      females with osteoporosis (n = 10) showed steady state WB-Ca++ levels of 1.46 +/-
      0.09 mmol/l (mean +/- s.d.), premenopausal females (n = 5) 1.45 +/- 0.05 mmol/l
      and males (n = 8) 1.43 +/- 0.05 mmol/l. The difference between the mean WB-Ca++
      for the steady state period and the desired level was less than or equal to 0.04
      mmol/l in each individual. With a coefficient of variation of less than or equal
      to 0.04 in each individual for WB-Ca++ during the steady state the
      physiologically active calcium fraction could be kept remarkably constant. No
      complications were noted during the infusion. The calcium clamp technique
      described is safe and suitable for purposes where a presettled, easily controlled
      WB-Ca++ level is needed in man.

PMID- 6578563
TI  - Assessment of calcemic status in dialyzed uraemic patients.

PMID- 6578564
TI  - What is "ionized calcium"?
AB  - "Ionized calcium", in clinical chemistry, designates the free calcium ions which
      are present in the biological fluids as hydrated ions: Ca2+, 12 H2O. The calcium
      ion selective electrode measures differences in activity, however, values are
      reported not as the activity, but as the activity divided by the activity
      coefficient (gamma) of Ca2+ in "normal plasma". The latter is assumed to be equal
      to the activity coefficient (gamma) in a calibration solution of CaCl2 + NaCl
      with an ionic strength of 0,16 mol X kg-1. We have estimated the activity
      coefficient in this calibration solution to be gamma Ca2+ = 0,3040 (molal basis)
      or gamma Ca2+ = 0,3048 (substance concentration basis). The derivation of gamma
      Ca2+ is based on a convention for derivation of the activity coefficient of the
      chloride ion. We have used the Debye-Huckel equation extended by the Stokes
      Robinson hydration theory plus the Bates-Staples-Robinson convention that the
      hydration number for Cl- is zero. International consensus is needed concerning
      the convention to be used for deriving the activity coefficient of Ca2+ in the
      calibration solutions and concerning the most appropriate value for gamma Ca2+ in
      normal plasma.

PMID- 6578565
TI  - Total and ionized calcium levels during open heart surgery with two different
      pump priming solutions.
AB  - Changes of total (Ca) and ionized Ca-levels (Ca2+) were studied during open heart
      surgery in 18 patients. 9 patients (group A) had only crystalloid solutions as
      pump priming, the other 9 patients (group B) had 500 ml of citrated whole blood
      in the priming solution. For assessment of hemodilution hct and total plasma
      protein and plasma albumin were determined. Measurements were done
      preoperatively, before and after systemic heparinisation, during and after
      extracorporeal circulation (ECC) and on the first postoperative day. RESULTS: 1.
      Anticoagulation with 375 U/kg BW heparin had no effect on ionized calcium levels.
      2. With onset of ECC (Ca) decreased by 30% in group A and by 20% in group B.
      (Ca2+), however, decreased by 20% in group A and by 35% in group B. The
      percentage of ionized calcium increased by 15% in group A whereas it decreased by
      the same amount in group B. This difference is contributed to the calcium binding
      effect of citrate added to pump priming in group B. Mechanisms of the relative
      increase of ionized calcium during ECC in group A, however, remain to be studied.

PMID- 6578566
TI  - Ionized Ca2+ in blood during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs.

PMID- 6578567
TI  - Metabolism of phosphate and calcium after severe accidental trauma.
AB  - Hypophosphatemia is a common finding during the first 4-5 days after severe
      accidental trauma. We demonstrated that hypophosphatemia after trauma is caused
      by a definite decrease in renal phosphate threshold (TmPO4/GFR), that is the
      theoretical plasma phosphate concentration at which all of the filtered phosphate
      is reabsorbed by the renal tubules and renal excretion of phosphate is close to
      zero. We speculated that the decrease in renal phosphate threshold could be due
      to an increased activity of PTH which in turn could be the result of ionized
      hypocalcemia. In 7 patients with severe and in 8 patients with moderate trauma,
      however, we found ionized calcium and PTH levels to be within normal limits.
      Total plasma calcium was below normal (1.90-2.00 mmol/l) up to 20 days after
      trauma, probably due to a decreased plasma albumin concentration (25-30 g/l). We
      conclude, that ionized hypocalcemia and consecutive stimulation of PTH is not the
      cause of decreased renal phosphate threshold after severe accidental trauma.

PMID- 6578568
TI  - Ionized calcium in human seminal plasma.
AB  - A low concentration of ionized calcium (Ca++) - 2-4% - was found in human seminal
      plasma with a calcium sensitive electrode. The mean level of ionized calcium
      (measured after a standardized air exposition) was 0.17 mM +/- 0.05 (s.d.) (range
      0.09-0.29 mM). Dilution of the seminal plasma gave a linear decrease in free
      calcium concentration. Freezing and thawing or storage of the seminal plasma
      under anaerobic conditions did not influence the level of ionized calcium.
      Storage under aerobic conditions gave a temperature dependent decrease in which
      Ca++ parallelled a spontaneous increase in pH. Spermatozoa in semen samples with
      an ionized calcium level less than average had a better motility and viability
      than in semen samples with a higher Ca++ level.

PMID- 6578569
TI  - A comparison of four Ca2+ analyzers.

PMID- 6578570
TI  - Evaluation of radiometer ICA1 as a routine instrument for serum ionized calcium
      and its application for whole blood capillary samples from newborn infants.
AB  - The Radiometer ICA1 was evaluated with four sets of samples: a) 289 serum samples
      sent for routine analysis of ionized calcium, b) a reference set of serum samples
      from 40 healthy laboratory workers, c) 42 capillary whole blood samples from
      healthy full-term and d) six capillary whole blood samples from pre-term infants.
      For comparison, all sets except the capillary samples were also run on the Orion
      SS-20. The ICA1 gave higher readings than the Orion SS-20 for normo-(mean
      difference 0.011 mmol/l) and hypocalcaemic (mean difference 0.037 mmol/l), but
      not for hypercalcaemic serum samples. The mean +/- 2 SD range for the serum
      reference set was 1.15-1.31 mmol/l for ICA1 and 1.14-1.27 mmol/l for Orion SS-20.
      The within-assay and between-assay precision were 0.014 and 0.032 mmol/l (SD)
      respectively for ICA1 and 0.010 and 0.022 mmol/l (SD) for Orion SS-20. The 42
      healthy full-term infants had a mean +/- 2 SD range of 1.18-1.47 mmol/l. The six
      pre-term infants had whole blood ionized calcium 0.82-1.07 mmol/l. Three of them
      had ionized calcium less than 0.90 mmol/l and a symptomatic hypocalcemia.

PMID- 6578571
TI  - Factors affecting the determination of ionized calcium in blood.
AB  - Reproducibility with the same electrode on the same day is expressed by the CV.
      For standard solutions CV = 0.68%, for blood CV = 1.36%, for serum CV = 0.92%.
      The measure with 2 different Orion electrodes performed on blood samples on the
      same day gives no more variation between electrodes than within electrode.
      Results of Ca++ measured with SS-20 Orion and ICA1 Radiometer electrodes on the
      samples of normal blood or serum are significantly higher with the ICA1 electrode
      than with the SS-20 Orion. The use of decreasing concentration of NaCl (170 to
      110 mmol/l) in calibration solutions shows an apparent increase of Ca++
      concentration in normal blood. Sampling conditions may affect Ca++ results. The
      pH of peripheric venous blood drawn without torniquet in 57 normal people was
      7.34 +/- 0.03 and differs from the normal arterial pH values (740 +/- 0.02). By
      applying the following equation: Ca++ (pH 7.40) = Ca++ [1-0.53 (7.40 - pH)], Ca++
      can be adjusted to pH 7.40. The correction in pathologic condition should,
      however, take in account the real arterial pH of the subject. We tested if
      sitting versus recumbent position could modify Ca++ results. The difference was
      non significant. Heparin, necessary for blood and plasma sampling, may affect the
      electrode membrane and binds calcium ions. We compared in the same blood sampling
      the same dilutions of 2 kinds of heparin. Heparin Radiometer: 10 microliters in 1
      ml blood (8 UI) and heparin Roche: 10 microliters in 1 ml blood (50 UI) and
      observed significantly higher Ca++ results with the lower concentration of
      heparin. Storage of serum 24 hours at -20 degrees C does not alter the Ca++
      results. After 7 days at -20 degrees C the Ca++ decreases by 3.6% in average,
      mainly due to pH increase.

PMID- 6578572
TI  - An evaluation of the ICA1 ionized calcium analyzer in a clinical chemistry
      laboratory.
AB  - A production model of the Radiometer ICA1 ionized calcium analyzer has recently
      been evaluated in this Department. Performance characteristics such as stability,
      precision and selectivity are described and the problem of assessing accuracy is
      discussed. The influence of pH changes and of packed red cell volume on results
      is described. The potential of the instrument in routine and in research
      applications in clinical chemistry is considered. We conclude that the instrument
      represents a significant advance in providing convenient and precise ionized
      calcium measurement.

PMID- 6578573
TI  - Ionized calcium during dialysis and ultrafiltration.
AB  - The changes in ionized calcium during dialysis and ultrafiltration with albumin
      containing solutions were highly dependent on the total electrolyte
      concentration. Protein interference on the calcium electrode could not explain
      the observation, which was, however, consistent with the Donnan theory. The
      uneven distribution of sodium ion also agreed with a Donnan membrane potential.

PMID- 6578574
TI  - Elimination of the erythrocyte effect on the liquid junction potential in
      potentiometric measurements on whole blood using mixed salt bridge solutions.
AB  - An effect of erythrocytes on the liquid junction potential of the junction
      "concentrated KCl whole blood" has previously been described, the effect being a
      positive bias of +1,4 mV with a high erythrocyte volume fraction (0.75). We have
      studied the erythrocyte effect with different concentrated salt solutions, and
      found a similar positive bias with KBr, KJ, KNO3, K2SO4, but a negative bias with
      NaCl, NaNO3, LiCl and CaCl2. The erythrocyte bias may be eliminated by mixing
      salts with opposite effect, e.g. KCl + NaCl (1.0 + 7.0 mol/l), KNO3 + NaNO3 (1.0
      + 3.0 mol/l) KNO3 + Li-acetate (0.15 + 4.0 mol/l). The use of a mixed salt bridge
      solution may be advantageous for eliminating the erythrocyte bias when measuring
      ionic activity (e.g. Na+, K+, Ca2+) directly in whole blood.

PMID- 6578575
TI  - The concentration of free calcium ions in whole blood.

PMID- 6578576
TI  - A reference system for ionized calcium.
AB  - Reference systems in clinical chemistry, whether loosely structured or highly
      organized like the National Reference System for Clinical Chemistry (NRSCC) in
      the USA are built upon an assemblage of interrelated materials, methods, and
      agreements. For example, the NRSCC Council has accepted the following items for
      the measurement of total calcium in human serum: 1) the Reporting Unit (the SI
      non-coherent molar concentration unit-mmol/l), 2) a Certified Reference Material
      (NBS/SRM 915 CaCO3), 3) a Definitive Method (IDMS) and 4) a Reference Method
      (FAAS). Recently, the IDMS measured calcium value has become available on a
      freeze-dried human serum (NBS/SRM 909) and allows the direct accessment of the
      accuracy of routine methods, instrument systems, calibrators and control
      materials. Utilizing the NRSCC reference method and materials for total calcium
      measurements and the Radiometer System (ICA1) for ionized Ca2+ measurements, we
      have begun to ask the question, "What are the essential items in a reference
      system for ionized calcium?" As expected, our initial explorations reveal more
      problems than answers, thus our very limited and unsophisticated initial data
      will be presented primarily as a means to ensure discussion. Despite, the
      electrochemical complexity of the electrochemical interactions, and the
      technologic differences from one measuring system to another, it is my belief
      that a reference system capable of widespread acceptance for ionized Ca2+ must be
      introduced to ensure the long-term integrity and interlaboratory compatibility of
      this vital physiological measurement.

PMID- 6578577
TI  - Nomograms for calculating the concentration of ionized calcium of human blood
      plasma from total calcium, total protein and/or albumin, and pH.
AB  - Two nomograms are described. One is a Cartesian nomogram similar to the original
      McLean-Hastings nomogram but supplemented by an albumin scale and a pH scale to
      allow calculations in case of an abnormal albumin/globulin ratio or an abnormal
      pH. The other is an alignment nomogram. The underlying arithmetic equations,
      which are slightly different for the two nomograms are described. Both refer to
      37 degrees C. Calculated and measured ionized calcium are compared for 24
      specimens and it is concluded that the calculated value may be subject to a
      considerable bias amounting to 0.2 mmol/l in the worst cases. Nomograms size A4
      and BASIC program are available on request.

PMID- 6578578
TI  - Estimation of free calcium by nomogram: a retrospective study on a new
      population.

PMID- 6578579
TI  - Ionized calcium versus total calcium.

PMID- 6578580
TI  - Measure of blood ionized calcium versus total calcium in normal man, in renal
      insufficiency and in hypercalcemia of various origins.
AB  - Ca++ and Ca tot were measured and compared at 2 years interval (S1 and S2) in 45
      normal volunteers: 26 females and 19 males age 20/65 years. For Ca++ the mean
      difference between S1 and S2 was small (0.009 mmol/l) but significant (p less
      than 0.01). For Ca tot the mean difference between S1 and S2 (0.06 mmol/l) was
      very significant (p less than 0.001) due to the combination of various factors:
      technical, sex difference and proteins. In both series (S1 + S2) Ca++ did not
      differ significantly between females and males, whereas Ca tot was significantly
      (p less than 0.05) higher in males (mean difference 0.06 mmol/l) for S1 and non
      significant for S2. In 63 normal volunteers we cross correlated the factors of
      calcium homeostasis and showed significant relationship between Ca++/Ca tot r =
      0.428 (p less than 0.001), Ca++/PTH r = -0.297 (p less than 0.05), Ca
      tot/Proteins r = 0.518 (p less than 0.001). The relationship between Ca tot and
      PTH does not reach the level of significance. We compared Ca++ and Ca tot in
      renal insufficiency (RI) (n = 16), hyperparathyroidism surgically confirmed
      (Hyper P) (n = 10), cancer with hypercalcemia (C) (n = 9) and in normal
      volunteers (N) (n = 63). The relationship between Ca++ and Ca tot in the
      pathologic groups has significantly steeper slopes than the control group (N), p
      less than 0.05 for RI and C and p less than 0.01 for Hyper P. The increase of the
      Ca++/Ca tot ration in RI and Hyper P is positively correlated to PTH levels, nor
      albumin variations neither pH and P04 variations could completely account for the
      increase of the ratio. The increase of Ca++/Ca tot in cancer is independent of
      PTH and cannot entirely be explained by the albumin drop.

PMID- 6578581
TI  - Relation between pH and ionized calcium in vitro and in vivo in man.
AB  - We investigated the in vitro and in vivo relation between pH and ionized calcium
      during acute respiratory pH changes. The in vitro slope delta 1gcCa2+/delta pH
      determined in 20 healthy volunteers after equilibration at two different pCO2
      values was -0.22 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- 2 SD) for whole blood and -0.24 +/- 0.04
      (mean +/- SD) for serum. The in vivo slope delta 1gcCa2+/delta pH during acute
      respiratory changes in 10 healthy volunteers was -0.17 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- 2 SD)
      for capillary blood. A mathematical formula which describes the relation between
      pH and ionized calcium is presented.

PMID- 6578582
TI  - The circadian rhythms of blood ionized calcium in humans.
AB  - It is well known that several hormones and minerals develop daily variation in
      human blood. Recently the presence of circadian rhythms of blood ionized calcium
      and serum phosphate concentrations in man reported (Science 213: 672-674, 1981).
      To clarify the difference in race and age, we examined the serum concentration of
      minerals such as ionized calcium, inorganic phosphate, total calcium and
      magnesium, and venous blood pH during 24 hours in three 31 to 40 years old
      Japanese males in good health. Result [1]. There was a correlation between
      concentration of ionized calcium and blood pH (r = -0.467 p less than 0.001), and
      between concentration of ionized calcium and total calcium (r = 0.366 p less than
      0.005). [2]. Apparent rhythms of ionized calciums and inorganic phosphate
      concentrations has been noticed.

PMID- 6578583
TI  - Clinical studies on ionized calcium using the radiometer ICA1 analyzer.
AB  - It is generally believed that measurement of ionized calcium in blood should more
      clearly reflect changes in calcium metabolism than measurements of total calcium
      concentration. We have investigated ionized calcium levels using the Radiometer
      ICA1 Analyzer in number of clinical situations where total calcium, hydrogen ion
      or protein concentrations are abnormal. While there are a number of clearcut
      situations in which ionized calcium measurements are superior to total calcium,
      it is apparent that chemical activity of calcium ions in blood may sometimes not
      reflect their physiological activity. In addition, the problem of clinical
      interpretation of ionized calcium levels found in patients with extreme disorders
      of acid-base balance or of plasma protein concentration remains to be resolved.
      The role of ionized calcium measurement in routine clinical chemistry will be
      discussed.

PMID- 6578585
TI  - Anaerobic infections in clinical medicine. Proceedings from a meeting at
      Holmenkollen, Oslo, 25-26 September 1981.

PMID- 6578584
TI  - Renal handling of calcium in fasting subjects: relation to ketosis and plasma
      ionized calcium level.

PMID- 6578586
TI  - Anaerobic infections in clinical medicine. A microbiological and clinical
      introduction.

PMID- 6578587
TI  - Antimicrobial prophylaxis in biliary and gastrointestinal surgery.

PMID- 6578588
TI  - Skin and soft tissue infections caused by anaerobic bacteria.

PMID- 6578589
TI  - Anaerobic pulmonary infections.
AB  - The main cause of anaerobic pulmonary infections is aspiration of saliva, upper
      airway secretions of gastric content. Predisposing conditions include prominent
      dental disease, chronic upper respiratory tract infections and reduced
      consciousness. Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides melaninogenicus and anaerobic
      Gram-positive cocci are the most frequently encountered organisms. The clinical
      presentations are lung abscess, lung gangrene and empyema, which all tend to take
      a slow and indolent course. Preferred localization are dependent lung segments,
      most often of the right side. For bacteriological examination in these
      infections, only transtracheal aspirate and aspirate from the lung or pleural
      space are considered adequate. In 26 cases of empyema treated in our hospital
      during the last 3 years, adequate specimens had been taken in 19. Fifteen had
      been adequately examined, and anaerobes were cultured in 6. Among 29 abscesses
      treated during the same period, adequate specimens had been taken in only 14, and
      11 had been properly examined. Seven specimens grew anaerobes on culture. In
      prospective studies of transtracheal aspirate in 15 chronic bronchitis without
      emphysema, anaerobes were not demonstrated. In 11 patients with bronchiectasis,
      anaerobic bacteria were cultured in 3. Finally, no anaerobic bacteria could be
      demonstrated in the transtracheal aspirate from 76 patients with acute
      exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. Anaerobic, pulmonary infections do not
      represent an intriguing medical problem in our region. However, knowledge of
      these infections is necessary to secure adequacy in collection of specimens and
      in their bacteriological examination. Except for metastatic infections, the key
      word for all lower respiratory infections is aspiration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      250 WORDS)

PMID- 6578590
TI  - Infection prophylaxis with doxycycline in surgery for ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 6578591
TI  - Density distribution and size of megakaryocytes in inflammatory reactions of the
      bone marrow (myelitis) and chronic myeloproliferative diseases.
AB  - Morphometric evaluation was performed on semi-thin sections of core biopsies of
      the bone marrow and included 20 cases of each group of diseases besides control
      specimens. (i) Hyperergic myelitis of rheumatic origin. (ii) Chronic granulocytic
      leukaemia (CGL). (iii) Polycythaemia vera (P. vera). (iv) Chronic megakaryocytic
      granulocytic myelosis (CMGM). (v) Myelofibrosis or osteomyelosclerosis (MF/OMS).
      The following classification of megakaryopoiesis was applied: normal
      megakaryocytes; giant forms; microforms; intussusceptions; cytoplasmic fragments;
      naked nuclei. The density distribution shows an increase of megakaryocyte number
      in those 5 different marrow disorders, ranging from about 13/mm2 in the normal
      sample up to 65 cells/mm2 in MF/OMS. Microforms are most frequently encountered
      in CGL, whereas giant megakaryocytes, intussusceptions and many cytoplasmic
      fragments characterize P. vera, CMGM and MF/OMS. Our measurements suggests 3
      distinct categories of bone marrow lesions with corresponding alterations of the
      megakaryopoiesis: (i) myelitis and CGL; (ii) P. vera; (iii) CMGM and MF/OMS.

PMID- 6578592
TI  - [Sealing capacity of thin layer calcium hydroxide cavity liner materials].

PMID- 6578593
TI  - [Follow-up of complete dentures from the Zurich Public Dental Clinic after more
      than 10 years of wear. II. Inflammatory mucosal changes in the prosthetic bed and
      rhagades of the labial angles].

PMID- 6578594
TI  - [Experiences with surgical improvement of the palatal arch by osteotomy of the
      palatine vault].

PMID- 6578595
TI  - [Adaptation of a uniform periodontal terminology to recent findings].

PMID- 6578596
TI  - [Lateral tooth composites--an assessment of the situation].

PMID- 6578597
TI  - Pulmonary embolus with a normal ventilation perfusion lung scan: case report.

PMID- 6578598
TI  - Nitrous oxide, a health hazard??

PMID- 6578599
TI  - A simple method of treatment of fractures of the fifth metacarpal neck and distal
      shaft (boxer's fracture).

PMID- 6578600
TI  - Myxoid tumor of the uterus and right atrial myxomas.

PMID- 6578601
TI  - Induction of labour in pregnancy complicated by heart disease.
AB  - Thirty-seven patients whose pregnancies were complicated by heart disease and who
      required induction of labour were given 4 mg of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) oral
      tablets per vaginam. Thirty-one patients (84%) went into labour and delivered
      within 24 hours, 28 of them vaginally. Although 3 infants had an Agpar score of
      less than 7 at birth, 2 having been delivered vaginally, all were discharged from
      hospital thriving and in good condition. No side-effects of PGE2 were observed
      and although these women had a wide range of functional disabilities, none
      developed deterioration in cardiac status. Vaginal administration of PGE2 for
      induction of labour is a safe and simple method of achieving elective delivery in
      patients with pregnancies complicated by heart disease.

PMID- 6578602
TI  - Is there not a strong relationship nowadays between caries and consumption of
      sweets?
AB  - The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the consumption of
      sweets in the preceding three years and the occurrence of proximal caries in the
      posterior regions of 15-year-old schoolchildren. Information on proximal
      restorations, excluding the mesial surface of the 1st molar, was obtained from
      records of about 1,700 children. Thirty children with 0-2 restorations and
      another 30 with 6-8 were randomly selected, together with the 22 children who had
      12-14 restorations. Later, recent bitewing radiographs were used to register the
      total number of DF surfaces in the relevant regions. The children were
      interviewed about average consumption of sweets: amount, money spent and
      frequency. The subjects were cross-tabulated according to the variables amount
      and frequency. The dependence of cost on each of these variables was found to be
      statistically significant. Combinations were constructed to give three
      consumption classes. The mean values of DF surfaces for the three classes
      appeared in a logical order but, owing to a wide dispersion around the means, the
      correlation between individual DF surfaces and consumption of sweets was
      statistically not significant. It was concluded that nowadays the consumption of
      sweets does not seem to be as strong a factor for the occurrence of caries as it
      used to be.

PMID- 6578604
TI  - Prevalence of crossbite among children with prolonged dummy- and finger-sucking
      habit.
AB  - The prevalence of crossbite was determined among 252 children with prolonged
      finger-sucking habit and 31 children with prolonged dummy-sucking habit. The
      prevalence of crossbite in both groups was within the values regarded in the
      literature as normal for the age group. An analysis was also made of 289 patients
      registered for orthodontic treatment. An elevated prevalence of crossbite was not
      recorded, either, among children with dummy- or finger-sucking habit in this
      group of patients.

PMID- 6578603
TI  - Postoperative complications in oral surgery. A study of cases treated during
      1980.
AB  - Postoperative complications associated with 1.457 surgical operations performed
      during 1980 at the Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Karolinska
      Institute, Stockholm, are reported. The frequency was found to be 7.4%. With the
      exception of alveolitis which mostly occurred in older patients, no sex or age
      differences could be found. The majority of operations were performed in the
      region of the mandibular third molar and most of the postoperative complications
      were found to occur here. Of the 102 postoperative complications those most
      frequently found were alveolitis (41), postoperative infections (31), bleedings
      (11) and postoperative prolonged anaesthesia (10).

PMID- 6578605
TI  - Nursing - home patients in Orebro. Oral status and aspects of dental care.
AB  - An epidemiological study of oral status in two nursing-homes in Orebro was
      performed. Totally 352 patients were examined. In one of the nursing-home
      stomatitis occurred more frequent among younger than older denture wearers
      greater than 75 years old (P less than 0.05). In the other home there was a
      correlation between denture hygiene and stomatitis (P less than 0,01). The
      estimated need of treatment from different types of dental personal was
      calculated for one of the homes. 17.6% of the patients needed treatment by a
      dentist. For the other patients the dentist was only necessary for planning and
      leading treatment performed by other nursing personal.

PMID- 6578606
TI  - Radiation shielding in dental radiography.
AB  - The protective effect in the thyroid region from different types of radiation
      shielding at intraoral radiography has been studied as well as the reduction of
      the absorbed dose to the sternal and the gonadal regions. The shielding tested
      were the different types of leaded aprons, of which three had an attached leaded
      collar and the other two were used in combination with separate soft leaded
      collars. Furthermore one of the soft leaded collars and an unflexible horizontal
      leaded shield were tested separately. Two dental x-ray machines of 60 and 65 kVp
      with rectangular and circular tube collimators were used. The exposure times
      corresponded to speed group E film. The absorbed doses were measured with two
      ionization chambers. No significant difference in the protective effect in the
      thyroid gland could be found between the different types of radiation shieldings.
      There was a dose reduction by approximately a factor of 2 to the thyroid region
      down to 0.08 mGy per full survey using parallelling technique, and below 0.001
      mGy per single bitewing exposure. The shielding reduced the thyroid dose using
      bisecting-angle technique by a factor of 5 down to 0.15 mGy per full survey (20
      exposures). In the sternal region the combinations of apron and collar reduced
      the absorbed dose from a full survey to below 2 microGy compared with 18 microGy
      (parallelling) and 31 microGy (bisecting-angle) without any shielding. With the
      horizontal leaded shield a reduction by a factor of 6 was obtained, but no
      significant sternal dose reduction could be detected from the soft collar alone.
      The gonadal dose could be reduced by a factor of 10 with the horizontal leaded
      shield, parallelling technique and circular collimator. Using leaded aprons the
      gonadal was approximately one per cent of the dose without any shielding, i.e.
      below 0.01 microGy per single intraoral exposure.

PMID- 6578607
TI  - Dental health of Finnish immigrants in Sweden.
AB  - Though foreign citizens today constitute 5% of the population of Sweden, very few
      attempts have been made to assess the types and amount of dental disease and
      treatment needed by different immigrant populations. A survey, including a
      clinical and radiographic examination for dental health, was carried out on an
      age-stratified probability sample of 170 Finnish citizens, 20-80 years old,
      living in the community of Huddinge, a suburb of Stockholm. The study showed that
      in the age group 20-29 years 90% and in the older age groups 60% of the dentate
      subjects had caries. All of them had gingivitis. 20% of subjects aged 20 to 39
      years and 54% of those aged 40 and over had the diagnosis parodontitis gravis,
      indicating a time-consuming need for periodontal treatment. Periapical lesions
      were frequent and more than half of the root fillings present were poor. This
      study indicates poorer dental health and a greater need for dental treatment in
      this group of Finnish immigrants than in Swedish populations.

PMID- 6578608
TI  - Intra HLA-D/DR region recombinant detected by primed lymphocyte typing (PLT).
AB  - The chromosome 6 markers, HLA-ABC, D, DR, MT, properdin factor Bf, and complement
      factors 2 (C2) and 5 (C4), were studied in three families, each of which included
      two HLA identical siblings, one or both of whom were known to be HLA-B: GLO
      recombinants. The families were also typed with primed lymphocyte typing (PLT)
      for HLA-D/DR region associated DP antigens. None of these studies gave evidence
      that the recombinations had occurred within the HLA region. Mixed leucocyte
      culture (MLC) tests within the families showed no detectable stimulation between
      the HLA identical siblings in two of the families, but a very weak stimulation
      between the HLA identical siblings (H and G) in the third family (GG). No
      reactive PLT reagents were generated when cells from the HLA identical siblings
      of the first two families were primed against each other. In contrast, priming
      between cells of H and G gave rise to reactive reagents. One of these (GHx),
      reacted with a determinant which segregated within the GG family as if child G
      was a paternal recombinant between the HLA-D, DR, DP, and C4 loci, on the one
      hand, and on the other hand one or more loci governing other HLA-D/DR region
      controlled lymphocyte activating determinants. This reagent was only restimulated
      by cells from two of 47 unrelated individuals. The other PLT reagent (HGx) did
      not give a clearcut pattern within the family because it was weakly positive with
      all family members (most of whom were D/DR2-positive) except the specific
      responder; in the panel it reacted with a determinant significantly associated
      with D/DR/DP2. Other PLT reagents could be generated within the family against
      lymphocyte activating determinants controlled by genes in the two paternal
      haplotypes telomeric to the assumed recombinational site. These reagents gave
      stronger reactions than the HGx and GHx reagents and reacted with two
      determinants in the unrelated panel strongly associated with D/DR/DP2 and
      D/DR/DP6, respectively. It seems likely that the GG family represents a third
      example of a recombination between the HLA-DR and SB loci. Our findings further
      support the assumption that the DR determinants may be immunodominant in
      lymphocyte activation.

PMID- 6578609
TI  - [Interrelation between salivary pH and the specific difference in the potentials
      in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6578610
TI  - [Human supra- and subgingival dental calculus studied by IR spectroscopy].

PMID- 6578612
TI  - [Effect of experimental surgical intervention in the palatal process on the
      growth and development of the maxilla].

PMID- 6578611
TI  - [Trophic disorders in the oral mucosa in the pathogenesis of chronic recurrent
      aphthous stomatitis].

PMID- 6578613
TI  - [Prevention of stomatological diseases in pregnant women].

PMID- 6578614
TI  - [Late results of treating severe forms of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis].

PMID- 6578615
TI  - [Late results of treating patients with mandibular macrognathia].

PMID- 6578616
TI  - [Bacteroides and the treatment of phlegmons of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6578617
TI  - [Clinico-physiological characteristics of brain function in injury to the
      visceral cranium].

PMID- 6578618
TI  - [Significance of the compression factor in the origin of neuralgia of the
      inferior alveolar nerve and its elimination].

PMID- 6578619
TI  - [Changes in the blood osmotic state as affected by hyperbaric oxygenation in
      patients with acute inflammation of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6578620
TI  - [Initial experience in using the Svetlana (REIS-D) x-ray emitter in dentistry].

PMID- 6578621
TI  - [Odontogenic changes in the paranasal sinuses based on data from enlarged
      panoramic roentgenography and orthopantomography].

PMID- 6578622
TI  - [Structural changes in the regional submandibular lymph nodes in malignant tumors
      of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6578623
TI  - [Motor reinnervation of an Abbe flap and of a free full-thickness flap from the
      lower lip].

PMID- 6578624
TI  - [Dental prosthesis in prognathic bite in adults].

PMID- 6578625
TI  - [Immediate and late results of orthodontic treatment in periodontosis in patients
      with bite anomalies and dental arch deformities].

PMID- 6578626
TI  - [Role of the dental community in the ideological, political and ethical education
      of medical personnel].

PMID- 6578628
TI  - [Physical methods of treating temporomandibular joint dysfunction].

PMID- 6578627
TI  - [Effectiveness of caries prevention in children with stage-III activity of the
      carious process].

PMID- 6578629
TI  - [Characteristics of the specialized teaching of normal physiology in the dental
      departments of medical colleges].

PMID- 6578630
TI  - [Treatment of vascular tumors of the tongue].

PMID- 6578631
TI  - [Necrotic form of herpes zoster of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6578632
TI  - [Permeability of the enamel of pulpectomized teeth].

PMID- 6578633
TI  - [Prostaglandins and 3',5'-AMP in rat tissues following administration of thiamine
      and its derivatives].
AB  - The level of prostaglandins and 3':5'-AMP was studied in tissues of albino rats
      against a background of administering thiamine or its derivatives, oxythiamine
      and thiochrome. Oxythiamine (12.5 mg per 1 kg of mass; each 3 h for a day)
      increases the level of a sum of prostaglandins E and A as well as of
      prostaglandin F2 alpha in the liver and kidneys; thiochrome at the same dose
      produces the same effect for prostaglandins F and A in the liver and kidneys and
      for prostaglandin F2 alpha in the liver; and thiamine increases a sum of
      prostaglandins F and A in the kidneys. 72 h after a single injection of
      oxythiamine (40 mg per 100 g of mass) the level of prostaglandin E and A sum in
      the liver and kidneys increases as well, which is not connected with the effect
      of the substances under study on thiamine-dependent reactions. All the three
      compounds rise the 3':5'-AMP level in the liver. Variations in the prostaglandin
      content have no effect on the liver fatty acid composition.

PMID- 6578634
TI  - [Metabolism of nucleotides and RNA in leukocytes in chronic myeloleukosis].
AB  - Biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides was distinctly increased in
      leukocytes of patients with chronic myeloid leukosis, involving mainly the
      reutilization of preformed nitrogenous bases and nucleosides. An increase in the
      rate of 14C-orotate and 3H-uridine incorporation into the pyrimidine pool of
      myeloid leukosis cells correlated with stimulation of uridine kinase and
      orotidine monophosphate pyrophosphorylase, catalyzing biosynthesis of pyrimidine
      nucleotides in the reutilization pathway and de novo, respectively. The system of
      adenosine deaminase, providing the high rate of adenosine incorporation into the
      nucleotide pool, was apparently responsible mainly for the rate of reutilization
      synthesis of purine nucleotides in normal and leukemic leukocytes. Synthesis of
      RNA in leukocytes of patients with chronic myeloleukemia was increased mainly due
      to consumption of nucleotides formed via the reutilization pathway.

PMID- 6578635
TI  - [Changes in the immunity factors in patients with chronic leukemia].

PMID- 6578636
TI  - Record keeping and the law.

PMID- 6578637
TI  - New patient records law.

PMID- 6578638
TI  - Efficacy of lengthy therapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6578639
TI  - Assessing patients' health status with the Navy Dental Health Questionnaire.

PMID- 6578640
TI  - [Plasma hormone concentrations in induced abortion with local prostaglandin
      administration in the 1st trimester].
AB  - Abortion was performed by curettage on 71 women with pregnancies between the 7th
      and the 13th week of gestation seven to eight hours after intracervical
      application of a tylose gel containing 3mg prostaglandin F2 alpha. Prior to the
      application of the prostaglandin and immediately before the surgical intervention
      a sonographic examination for determining the vitality of the pregnancy was
      carried out.--Plasma progesteron, estradiol and HPL levels were determined
      radioimmunologically prior to the application of prostaglandin, at four-hour
      intervals on the day of intervention, and 24, 48 and 72 hours after the
      intervention. In 22 women a complete or an incomplete abortion occurred; in two
      cases a blighted ovum was observed; 47 pregnancies, according to sonographic
      examination, remained intact until curettage. After seven to eight hours duration
      of the effect of the prostaglandin gel, progesterone levels were found to be
      reduced to 60.5 per cent and 17-beta-estradiol to 31.4 per cent of the initial
      values, whereas the HPL values fell below the specificity of the testing
      procedure (12.5 ng/ml). Comparative investigations of the pregnancies which,
      according to sonographic findings, remained intact until curettage and those
      which were aborted after the application of prostaglandin did not, in spite of
      low plasma progesterone and estradiol levels in the abortive group, reveal any
      statistically significant differences. The abortive effect--even with local
      application--of the prostaglandins was confirmed. Conclusions regarding the
      effective mechanism of the prostaglandins upon the fetoplacental unit and the
      function of the corpus luteum remain subject to speculation.

PMID- 6578641
TI  - [Treatment of malocclusion with removable appliances. III. Clinical cases].

PMID- 6578642
TI  - [Caries, restorative dentistry and periodontics].

PMID- 6578643
TI  - Accuracy of endometrial aspiration in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer.
AB  - A study was performed to evaluate the cytologic criteria for recognizing
      endometrial cancer and to determine the accuracy of endometrial aspiration in its
      detection. In addition to the conventional cytologic criteria for the diagnosis
      of endometrial cancer, the irregular chromatin distribution around the
      macronucleoli proved to be a useful criterion. Using all criteria, cytology was
      reported as positive in 18 of 19 patients (94.7%) with endometrial cancer. In 856
      of 12,563 high-risk outpatients at Kinki University Hospital, aspiration using
      the Masubuchi apparatus was carried out in screening for endometrial cancer.
      Cancer was detected in 18 patients (2.1%), with 94.7% of the cancers detected by
      the cytologic screening. This result indicates that endometrial aspiration using
      the Masubuchi apparatus is a reliable and safe method of screening for
      endometrial cancer.

PMID- 6578644
TI  - The natural history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia as determined by
      cytology and colposcopic biopsy.
AB  - The smears preceding the histologic diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial
      neoplasia (CIN 3) were examined in 100 consecutive cases from an intensively
      screened population. In 60 patients, negative cytology has been recorded prior to
      the development of dysplasia; in 27 this had occurred within two years of the
      histologic diagnosis. These findings suggest that the transition time from
      epithelial normality to CIN 3 may be shorter than has been generally assumed;
      therefore, the intensity and frequency of screening should be reviewed.

PMID- 6578645
TI  - Exfoliative cytodiagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. Comparison with biopsy and
      endoscopy.
AB  - Endoscopy complemented by directed biopsies and exfoliative cytology was
      performed on 593 patients with different gastric lesions. Of the 194 cases of
      proven adenocarcinoma of the stomach, cytology was positive for malignancy in 176
      (90.7%) and yielded the highest diagnostic rate. Endoscopy correctly diagnosed
      171 cases (88.1%), and biopsy had the lowest accuracy, 153 cases (78.9%). The
      combined use of the three techniques increased the positive diagnosis to 185
      adenocarcinomas (95.4%). Only three early gastric cancers were diagnosed by the
      combined methods, with only cytology positive in all three cases. There were five
      (1.3%) false-positive cytologic reports, principally due to benign gastric
      ulcers. It is concluded that these techniques have a complementary function in
      distinguishing benign from malignant gastric lesions. Since the value of
      endoscopic signs is limited, biopsy and cytology should always be performed.
      Exfoliative cytology plays an effective diagnostic role in cancer of the
      gastrointestinal tract and should be used more frequently by gastroenterologists,
      who, however, should be aware of the risk of false-positive results.

PMID- 6578646
TI  - Exfoliative sputum cytology in pulmonary embolism.
AB  - In a prospective, double-blind, randomized study of cytologic changes found in
      pulmonary infarction, nine roentgenologically proven cases of pulmonary embolism
      were studied with sputum samples from the 1st to 26th postinfarction days.
      Maximum atypical cytologic changes were seen during the second and third
      postinfarction weeks. Specific cytologic features included three-dimensional
      clusters of glandular cells with enlarged nuclei and macronucleoli: they were
      malignant-appearing cells except for their inconsistent morphology, fewer
      numbers, transient appearance and lack of solitary atypical cells. A similar
      study in a canine model is discussed, and a case of pulmonary embolism with
      abnormal cytology and corresponding histology is presented.

PMID- 6578648
TI  - Osteoclast-type giant-cell tumor of the pancreas.
AB  - The incidence of pancreatic malignancies in Western countries is increasing.
      Acceptance of fine needle aspiration as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of
      pancreatic lesions necessitates that cytologists recognize unusual tumor variants
      as well as adenocarcinoma. The aspiration cytology of a pancreatic carcinoma
      containing osteoclast-type giant cells is reported, and the differential
      diagnosis of multinucleated giant cells in pancreatic aspirates is discussed.

PMID- 6578647
TI  - Benign squamous cells with pleomorphic microvilli in urine or bladder washings.
AB  - Exfoliated cells in catheterized urine or bladder washings from 40 patients were
      observed by light microscopy (LM) and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The
      specimens from seven of these patients (six postmenopausal females and one 85
      year-old male) contained squamous cells with pleomorphic microvilli (PMV) on
      their surfaces. Four of these cases had no bladder lesions by cystoscopic
      examination. Three patients had recurrent papillary transitional-cell carcinoma
      of the bladder, and the cytologic specimens from two of them contained
      transitional cells with PMV. The distinction between squamous and transitional
      cell is readily made by SEM, based primarily on cell shape and thickness. The
      presence of PMV on otherwise-benign-appearing squamous cells in urine or bladder
      washing specimens may be a source of confusion in the interpretation of SEM
      findings. The presence of PMV on exfoliated squamous cells in cytologic material
      from the human urinary tract does not seem to have the same diagnostic and
      prognostic significance as the presence of PMV on transitional cells.

PMID- 6578649
TI  - Aspiration cytology of intramuscular myxoma. A comparative clinical, cytologic
      and histologic study of ten cases.
AB  - Soft-tissue tumors are a fairly new area for aspiration cytology. As part of the
      correlation between the cytology and histology in these tumors, a retrospective
      study of ten intramuscular myxomas was conducted. All of the patients presented
      with a firm, painless intramuscular mass that was excised with different surgical
      margins; no recurrences were found at follow-up. The cytologic findings
      corresponded well with the histologic ones. Droplets of a highly viscous fluid
      typically characterized an aspirate from an intramuscular myxoma. The fluid was
      generally not very cellular. The cells had elongated cytoplasm and spindle-shaped
      nuclei. They varied in size and shape, and cellular atypia was minimal. Aspirates
      from low-grade myxofibrosarcoma and myxoid liposarcoma presented the main
      differential diagnostic problems.

PMID- 6578650
TI  - Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary gland in pleural fluid. A case report.
AB  - The cellular features of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of submandibular gland origin
      observed in pleural fluid are presented. The pleural fluid contained
      predominantly atypical spheroid cell clusters accompanied by numerous mesothelial
      cells. The cells had round nuclei with conspicuous nucleoli, coarsely granular
      chromatin and abundant cytoplasm with vacuoles. The cellular features of the
      malignant cells in the pleural fluid were correlated with the histology of the
      parent lesion.

PMID- 6578651
TI  - Condylomata acuminata and their possible relation to cancer of the uterine
      cervix. Case report and geographic observations.
AB  - A unique case is described of a 21-year-old female with gonorrhea, condylomata
      acuminata of the vulva and the uterine cervix, a squamous-cell papilloma and
      precancerous changes in the cervix. In the observed lesion, a very gradual
      transition was seen from benign areas, displaying marked cytoplasmic
      vacuolization, to moderately dysplastic areas, with only slight vacuolization.
      Giant squamous cells with centrally located vesicular or hyperchromatic nuclei
      were a prominent feature of both the condylomatous and premalignant portions of
      the lesion. A geographic correlation was observed in the 18 districts of Uganda
      between the incidence of vulvar and vaginal condylomata acuminata and cervical
      cancer; the finding may include cervical warts since vulvovaginal changes often
      extend to the cervix uteri. In addition to the common flat condyloma, the
      acuminate variant may be a precursor of cervical cancer and progress to
      malignancy through the stage of a squamous-cell papilloma.

PMID- 6578652
TI  - Verrucous carcinoma of the uterine cervix. A case report.
AB  - The cytohistopathologic features of a verrucous cervical carcinoma are reported.
      The presence in a cervical smear of two distinct types of dyskaryotic cells, with
      regularity of size and shape, and of occasional vacuolated cells set in a bright,
      eosinophilic background should suggest the lesion. With the cytologic suggestion
      and the typical warty clinical appearance of the tumor, an accurate preoperative
      diagnosis may be established.

PMID- 6578653
TI  - CIN or not CIN.

PMID- 6578655
TI  - Abstracts: American Society of Cytology. 31st annual meeting, Denver, November 1
      5, 1983.

PMID- 6578654
TI  - Loa loa microfilariae in an endometrial smear.

PMID- 6578656
TI  - Advance abstracts of papers: Scandinavian Society for the Study of Diabetes, 18th
      annual meeting. June 1-3, 1983, Kuopio, Finland.

PMID- 6578657
TI  - Etiology and pathogenesis of monophasic and relapsing inflammatory demyelination 
      human and experimental.
AB  - The close similarity of the CNS lesions in cr-EAE and MS renders this model
      especially valuable for the study of pathogenetic factors, leading to the
      formation of inflammatory demyelinated plaques. Recent evidence indicates, that
      various immune reactions, directed against different CNS antigens cooperate in
      the formation of the plaques. Furthermore it is discussed, that a combination of
      virus infection and autoimmunity may result in similarity structured lesions. It
      is thus propose that multiple different etiologic factors (autoimmune as well as
      exogenous events) may lead to the clinical pathohistological syndrome of multiple
      sclerosis.

PMID- 6578658
TI  - Circulating myelinotoxic factors in human and experimental demyelinative disease.
AB  - Demyelinating agents in demyelinating diseases have been analysed using organoid
      cultures of the nervous tissue. The agents can be classified into humoral and
      cellular factors. Humoral factor is complement C3 dependent IgG antibody against
      glycolipids, such as galactocerebroside, sulfatide and ganglioside. Antigenicity
      of these glycolipids seems to be species specific. Other than rabbits,
      vulnerability seems to be low. Demyelinating pattern in vitro produced by
      application of antisera and patient sera are characterized by enhancement of
      activities of the macrophages. Adhesion of activated cells to myelin,
      penetration, loosening, splitting and vesicular dissolution of myelin lamellae
      are characteristic features. Hapten antigen described above also induces
      myelination inhibiting antibody, which interferes with in vitro myelination.
      Cellular factors are characterized by lymphotoxic effects and activation of
      macrophages. These alterations are identical to those by lymphokines liberated
      from T lymphocytes. Effects of humoral factors can be seen only in limited animal
      species, whereas cellular factors affect overall animals, suggesting the cellular
      factors play the major role in the processes of demyelination.

PMID- 6578659
TI  - Analysis of humoral and cellular events and the role of lipid haptens during CNS
      demyelination.
AB  - In recent years, considerable interest has focused on the possibility that in
      experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), antigen other than myelin basic
      protein (MBP) may be required for the initiation of demyelination and for the
      development of exacerbating-remitting disease. Previous results from these
      laboratories have implicated a role for antibodies against galactocerebroside
      (GC) in initiating demyelination of central nervous system (CNS) tissue in vitro
      (8) and in vivo (9). We have now used the rabbit eye model to dissect further the
      role of antibodies in causing CNS demyelination. The results show: that in
      animals directly sensitized against GC, no spontaneous CNS lesion develops but
      primary demyelination is observed if a mononuclear inflammatory reaction is
      superimposed; that in rabbits sensitized against MBP, antiserum against GC causes
      enhanced demyelination; and that in normal animals, anti-GC serum initiates
      primary demyelination only when an inflammatory reaction is induced by
      supernatants of activated lymphocytes. Injection of anti-GC serum alone has no
      pathologic effect. These results suggest that antibodies against lipid haptens
      are capable of causing primary demyelination in the CNS in vivo but that effector
      cells provided by an inflammatory response are required. Thus, the development of
      the fully demyelinating lesion probably depends on both cellular and humoral
      mechanisms.

PMID- 6578662
TI  - Comparisons of chewing patterns in patients with bridges supported on
      osseointegrated implants and subjects with natural dentitions.
AB  - The masticatory muscle activity during chewing was studied by means of
      electromyography (EMG) in 13 women treated with bridges supported on
      osseointegrated implants and compared with that in 10 dentate control subjects.
      The factors studied were the changes of the maximal mean voltage amplitude and
      the duration and coordination of activity during chewing of peanuts, bread, and
      apple when comparing the first three with the last three out of ten randomly
      selected chewing cycles. Patients with implant-supported bridges chewed with
      approximately the same muscle activity during the whole chewing sequence, whereas
      the control subjects had a reduced activity at the end of the chewing act.

PMID- 6578661
TI  - Relationships between oral parafunctions and functional disturbances in the
      stomatognathic system among 15- to 18-year-olds.
AB  - An interview and a clinical examination of signs and symptoms of functional
      disturbances and diseases in the stomatognathic system were performed on 309
      adolescents 15-18 years old. Relationships and differences between data from this
      investigation were analyzed. Statistically significant correlations were found
      between headaches, bruxism, and tenderness to palpation of the attachment of the
      temporal muscle. There were also correlations between occlusal interferences in
      the retruded position (RP) and clickings and between mediotrusion interferences
      and clickings. The occlusal interferences were correlated to tenderness to
      palpation of the TMJ and TMJ muscles. Young people with distal occlusal relation
      were more frequently conscious of symptoms from the stomatognathic system than
      those with neutral or mesial occlusal relation. Deep bite was correlated to
      clenching and frontal dental wear.

PMID- 6578660
TI  - Oral retention and discoloration tendency from a chlorhexidine mouth rinse.
AB  - Individual differences in tooth discoloration have been observed after using
      chlorhexidine mouth rinses. To study the correlation between retention of
      chlorhexidine and the discoloration tendency, two groups, 'stainers' and 'non
      stainers', were selected. The following parameters were tested: initial retention
      of chlorhexidine in vivo, retention of chlorhexidine to saliva-coated
      hydroxyapatite in vitro, and prolonged release of chlorhexidine in vivo. The
      initial oral retention of chlorhexidine was identical for the two groups, whereas
      in vitro retention of hydroxyapatite and prolonged release of chlorhexidine in
      vivo were higher among 'stainers'.

PMID- 6578664
TI  - Liberation of copper, zinc, and cadmium from different amalgams.
AB  - Release of copper, zinc, and cadmium from six different amalgams in 0.9% NaCl
      solution has been registered during a 4-week period. The products showed widely
      different corrosion behavior. A dispersion-type amalgam released the smallest
      amounts of copper but the largest amounts of zinc. A product containing indium
      had a high rate of copper dissolution. Cadmium was liberated to a great extent
      from a copper amalgam. The rate of corrosion varied greatly for the different
      products during the time of the experiment. The liberation of copper and zinc was
      inversely correlated.

PMID- 6578663
TI  - Effects of ammonia and organic acids on the intradental sensory nerve activity.
AB  - Ammonia and organic acids constitute a major part of the bacterial metabolites
      formed in carious decay. The aim of the present study was to investigate their
      effect on the intradental sensory nerves. Nerve impulse activity was recorded
      from canine teeth in cats after application of the test solutions in deep
      dentinal cavities. Ammonia (17-134 mM) consistently generated nerve impulses,
      whereas organic acids (0.001-1 M) failed to induce any impulse activity. In
      contrast, acid application resulted in an inhibition of the ongoing nerve
      activity induced by various stimuli (hypertonic NaCl solution, mechanical pulp
      exposure, and compound 48/80). However, acid treatment of the cavities resulted
      in an enhanced neural response to ammonia stimulation. Thus, the present results
      demonstrate that these bacterial metabolites can influence intradental sensory
      nerve activity. It is suggested that they may also modulate the symptoms from
      decayed teeth.

PMID- 6578665
TI  - Surface microstructure of composite resins after toothbrush-dentifrice abrasion.
AB  - In vitro, conventional, microfilled and experimental composite resin specimens
      were subjected to toothbrush-dentifrice abrasion. Subsequently, height loss was
      recorded, and the appearance of the abraded surfaces was studied by light and
      scanning electron microscopy. In the experimental composite, which had a polymer
      impregnated porous glass filler, the glass phase showed flat surfaces. These
      surfaces were more smooth and lustrous than the surrounding resin. They also
      showed a rounding-off in the periphery. In the experimental composite smoothness
      and luster were therefore favored by the presence of large continuous areas of
      glass in the surface. It was possible to demonstrate the extension of the flat
      glass areas by the use of optical microscopy. In the conventional composite
      partly exposed irregular or rounded glass particles were frequent. A microfilled
      composite showed, except for frequent pores, a relatively smooth and lustrous
      surface. The wear rate of this material was, however, comparatively high.

PMID- 6578666
TI  - Vascular reactions in the dental pulp during inflammation.
AB  - This article deals with blood flow and tissue pressure changes in the inflamed
      dental pulp. While detailed patho-physiological studies of the circulation in the
      inflamed pulp are still partly lacking, available data from studies of the normal
      pulp tissue are also discussed. Knowledge of the normal physiological adjustments
      may indicate which circulatory changes would take place during inflammation. One
      of the focal points in the present article is how a localized increased tissue
      pressure may persist in the inflamed area without a circumferential spread to the
      rest of the pulp. The article is organized in the following manner: First a short
      review is given of the vascular changes during inflammation in general. Then
      available data from morphological and functional studies of the pulpal
      circulation are treated in some detail. Particular attention is given to the
      transcapillary fluid flow and the so-called 'self-strangulation theory'. The
      effect of a localized increased tissue pressure on pulpal blood flow is
      thereafter discussed.

PMID- 6578667
TI  - Radiographic findings in cervix uteri after prostaglandin abortion induction.
AB  - Hysterography was performed on 173 nulliparous patients following termination of
      midtrimester pregnancy by intra-amniotic prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha). In
      21 hysterograms (12%) a pathologically wide internal os was found, compared with
      three out of one hundred routine hysterograms carried out for infertility
      examination. A deformed cervical canal with filling defects and synechiae was
      found in the hysterograms of 28 patients (16%). Only one of the 6 patients with
      ruptured cervix had a wide internal os. A laminaria tent was inserted more
      frequently into the cervix of patients whose internal os was of normal wide. The
      clinical picture of patients and the courses of abortion inductions did not
      differ in other respects in patients with normal vs. wide internal cervical os.
      This leads us to believed that there are two types of cervix: a rigid,
      hypoplastic cervix with high collagen content, which when exposed to the trauma
      of abortion induction leads to rupture, but not necessarily to incompetence, and
      a softer type of cervix, very muscular, which leads to wide internal os and
      incompetence.

PMID- 6578668
TI  - Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies in Swedish children. III. De- and
      remyelinating type in 10 sporadic cases.
AB  - Clinical, neurophysiological and certain other laboratory data are given for 10
      children considered to represent sporadic cases of de- and remyelinating
      hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN). In all 10 families the parents
      had been found to be non-affected and said to be non-consanguineous. Nine of the
      10 families originated from the two most northerly Swedish counties, but none
      from the Gothenburg area. The median age at clinical onset was 3 years. Gait
      abnormalities and/or foot deformities were common reasons for referral. Scoliosis
      developed in all 10 and hand atrophies in 7 children. In the majority there was
      neurological deterioration through childhood. Nerve conduction velocities, both
      motor and sensory, were consistently and markedly reduced. The protein level in
      cerebrospinal fluid (medium 657 mg/l) was slightly to moderately raised in 7 of 9
      examined children and greater than or equal to 1 500 mg/l in the remaining two.
      The fatty acid pattern of serum lecithin was consistently normal in all 10.

PMID- 6578669
TI  - Reproductive medical care in Sweden and the Province of Ontario, Canada. A
      comparative study.
AB  - Reproductive medical care in Ontario, Canada and in Sweden are compared. Accurate
      statistical information is more readily available for Sweden. The perinatal
      mortality is significantly higher in Ontario. The populations are comparable in
      size. Except for a higher percentage of first generation immigrants in Ontario,
      the composition of the childbearing population is very similar. The percentage of
      low birth weight infants is higher in Ontario. Swedish governmental authorities
      realized in the 1930's that social reforms and preventive antenatal care could
      reduce perinatal mortality and morbidity and regionalization of perinatal care
      started several decades ago. A difference in attitude towards pregnant women is
      reflected in the fact that in Sweden, the maternal benefit is paid under the
      Health and Social Insurance system, whereas in Ontario it is paid by the
      Department of Employment and Immigration. The highly specialized neonatal and
      perinatal units in Ontario have outstanding results, and could serve as models to
      improve the care of the very low birth-weight infants in Sweden, as could the
      transport system for high-risk mothers and infants in Ontario. If the advantages
      of each of the two systems for perinatal care in Ontario and Sweden were combined
      excellent perinatal statistics would be expected, including a decreased incidence
      of handicap.

PMID- 6578670
TI  - Chronic myelocytic leukemia with marked myelofibrosis and osteosclerosis.
AB  - An autopsy case of a 50 years old woman who manifested chronic myelocytic
      leukemia (CML) with secondary myelofibrosis (SMF) is reported. The interesting
      point of this case was a marked diffuse myelofibrosis (MF) with osteosclerosis,
      so that it was difficult to make a diagnosis of either CML or idiopathic
      myelofibrosis (IMF), but both clinical and histological findings supported the
      diagnosis of CML with SMF. Her long term busulfan therapy was suspected as being
      the cause of this severe MF. The relationship of CML and IMF was also discussed.

PMID- 6578671
TI  - Relation between lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure and the plasma
      concentration of neurotensin during intravenous infusion of neurotensin(1-13) and
      (Gln4)neurotensin(1-13) in man.
AB  - Ingestion of fat causes a pronounced decrease in lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
      pressure. This may be due in part to effects of neurotensin (NT), which is
      released postprandially after the ingestion of fat. The aim of the present
      investigation was to establish whether the LES pressure decreases at
      physiological plasma concentrations of NT(1-13). In addition, we have compared
      the effects and metabolism of NT(1-13) and (Gln4)NT(1-13). The experiments were
      performed in 3 healthy male volunteers who had fasted for at least 11 hours prior
      to the study. NT(1-13) or (Gln4)NT(1-13) were infused intravenously at a dose of
      12 pmoles X kg-1 X min-1. LES pressure was monitored by a continuous pull-through
      method with a perfused catheter. The concentrations of chromatographically
      identified tridecapeptides were determined using NH2 and COOH-terminal directed
      antisera. Already one min after the start of the infusions the LES pressure had
      decreased by 43% of the control value. At that time the plasma concentration of
      the neurotensin tridecapeptide was about 15 pM. NT(1-13) and (Gln4)NT(1-13) had
      similar half-lives in plasma (2.5 min). NT(1-8) and (Gln4)NT(1-8) were found to
      be the main metabolites of NT(1-13) and (Gln4)NT(1-13) respectively. The results
      indicate that the increase in the plasma concentration of NT(1-13) seen after the
      ingestion of food is sufficient for neurotensin to function as a hormone of the
      endocrine type. NT(1-13) and (Gln4)NT(1-13) have the same effects on LES pressure
      in humans and show the same pharmacokinetic characteristics.

PMID- 6578672
TI  - Subcellular localization of estramustine in rat ventral prostate following
      intravenous injection.

PMID- 6578673
TI  - Inhibition of noradrenaline release from hippocampal slices by a stable adenosine
      analogue.
AB  - Electrical field stimulation elicits a calcium-dependent release of 3H-NA from
      rat hippocampal slices. The release is inhibited by the alpha 2-agonist clonidine
      and enhanced by the alpha 2-antagonist yohimbine. The stable adenosine analogue
      N6-L-phenylisopropyl-adenosine (L-PIA) caused a dose-dependent inhibition of 3H
      NA overflow. The effect of L-PIA was antagonized by the adenosine receptor
      antagonist 8-phenyl-theophylline, which caused a slight, but significant increase
      in overflow per se. The results suggest that there are functionally important
      presynaptic adenosine receptors on nor-adrenergic nerve terminals in the rat
      hippocampus.

PMID- 6578675
TI  - The Social Insurance Institution's coronary heart disease study. Baseline data
      and 5-year mortality experience.
AB  - The Social Insurance Institution's Coronary Heart Disease Study is a prospective
      population study designed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors and
      incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in middle-aged Finnish men and women.
      The study population consisted of 5 738 men and 5 224 women, aged 30-59 years at
      entry, drawn from 12 cohorts from south-western, western, central and eastern
      Finland. The cohorts consisted of whole or random samples of rural or semiurban
      dwellers or employees of a factory. The participation rate was 90 per cent. The
      prevalence of symptoms was determined by the Rose questionnaire and abnormalities
      on resting ECG were coded according to the Minnesota code. Blood pressure,
      smoking habits, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, postload plasma glucose and
      obesity were the risk factors analysed at the baseline examination. The mortality
      of examinees has been followed continuously. This report deals with the main
      findings at the baseline examination and the mortality follow-up experience in 5
      years. The prevalence of typical angina pectoris was 4.4 per cent in men and 5.4
      per cent in women. Unequivocal ECG signs of past myocardial infarction were
      observed in 1.0 per cent of men and 0.3 per cent of women. Other ECG findings
      suggesting CHD were observed in 9.2 per cent of men and 11.1 per cent of women.
      The 5-year mortality was 4.3 per cent in men and 0.9 per cent in women. Men with
      typical chest pain symptoms had a seven-fold risk to die from CHD, compared to
      men without symptoms. Men with ECG abnormalities compatible with an old
      infarction had a 19.5-fold and men with other ECG findings suggesting CHD a 7.1
      fold risk to die from CHD compared to men without resting ECG abnormalities. Men
      with ECG findings as the only indicator of CHD had worse survival than men with
      symptoms as the only indicator of CHD. The value of symptoms and ECG findings as
      predictors of CHD mortality in women was very low.

PMID- 6578674
TI  - Rhythmical oscillations in rat testicular microcirculation as recorded by laser
      Doppler flowmetry.
AB  - We have earlier reported that local testicular blood flow, recorded by laser
      Doppler flowmetry, shows large oscillations with a frequency of 5-10 min-1. In
      the present study it is proposed that the recorded oscillations represent mainly
      local microvascular blood flow variations rather than variations in total
      testicular blood flow or tissue movements. The reasons for this are: (a) Blood
      flow simultaneously measured at two separate sites showed oscillations with
      different frequencies. (b) A local subcapsular injection of room-tempered saline
      under one probe site eradicated oscillations under that probe but not under
      another adjacent probe. (c) When the testicular capsule was split open,
      recordings of blood flow continued to show oscillations. (d) The amplitude of the
      oscillations was rather large (peak to peak value about 50% of mean flow value).
      No movements of the testicular surface were seen. A 20 min continuous infusion of
      0.4 microgram/min noradrenaline did induce a decrease in plasma testosterone
      concentration, but did not change the mean blood flow. However, the oscillations
      nearly completely disappeared during the infusion period. The present study also
      shows that laser Doppler flowmetry is a versatile method and the rat testis
      provides a suitable organ in the study of the origin and functional importance of
      these oscillations.

PMID- 6578676
TI  - Granular acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6578677
TI  - Inactivation of corticosteroids in intestinal mucosa by 11 beta-hydroxysteroid:
      NADP oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.146).
AB  - Activity of the enzyme 11 beta-hydroxysteroid:NADP oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.146)
      in human intestinal mucosa was determined by incubating scraped mucosa with 3H
      cortisone and 14C-cortisol; these steroids were then extracted, separated
      chromatographically, and the radioactivity assayed to determine simultaneously
      both reductase and dehydrogenase activities. This was the only significant
      metabolic alteration which the substrate underwent. Only two cases had slight (5
      and 13%) reductase activity. In 35 patients, 16 male and 19 female, including
      seven cases of Crohn's disease, three ulcerative colitis, five diverticulitis,
      two undergoing surgery for repair of injuries and 18 for carcinoma of colon or
      rectum, cortisol was converted to cortisone in 15 min with a wide range of values
      distributed uniformly up to 85% dehydrogenation, with a mean of 42%. When tissue
      homogenates were fortified with coenzymes, excess NADPH lowered dehydrogenase
      activity 81%; excess NADP increased dehydrogenase activity 2-fold in three cases.
      It is possible that a value is characteristic of an individual but perhaps more
      likely enzyme activity varies with metabolic events involving changes in the
      coenzyme levels in mucosa, and a random sampling might be expected to yield such
      a distribution of values. In any event, where activity is high most of the
      cortisol is inactivated within minutes. It is suggested that synthetic corticoids
      which escape such metabolic alteration might, except during pregnancy, prove
      superior in the treatment of conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease.

PMID- 6578678
TI  - Benzene is still with us.

PMID- 6578680
TI  - Orthopedic effects with "conventional" fixed orthodontic appliances: a
      preliminary report.
AB  - This retrospective study involved sixty previously treated patients between the
      ages of 9 and 14 years, all of whom initially had Class II dental malocclusions.
      The primary purpose of the investigation was to determine whether orthodontic
      treatment with a specific round-wire edgewise technique (no extraoral forces) was
      simply producing dentoalveolar manipulations or was actually affecting measurable
      skeletal or orthopedic alterations in the craniofacial system. The mean linear
      changes before and after orthodontic treatment in the maxilla (Ar-ANS), mandible
      (Ar-PGN), and lower facial height (ANS-MN) were statistically compared with an
      untreated control group (the Burlington Growth Study). The study sample was
      analyzed selectively according to sex and also according to the angulation of the
      mandibular base to the anterior cranial base (the SNMP angle). Apparently, from
      the observations in this study, the particular edgewise technique employed for
      the orthodontic treatment of the sixty sample patients did statistically affect
      more than merely dentoalveolar alterations. The normal forward growth of the
      maxilla appeared to be hindered, the lower facial height was significantly
      increased (usually without an appreciable increase in the SNMP angle), and the
      mean increased growth of the mandible was also statistically significant.
      Admittedly not its primary purpose, this preliminary report appeared to at least
      indirectly compare, if not the actual treatment modalities, at least the
      treatment results between a specific fixed orthodontic appliance and certain
      removable "functional" appliances.

PMID- 6578679
TI  - Comparison of plasma oxytocin levels during spontaneous labor and labor induced
      by amniotomy, prostaglandin F2 alpha, and prostaglandin E2.
AB  - Plasma concentrations of oxytocin in nine spontaneous labors (group 1), nine
      amniotomy-induced labors (group 2), six prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced labors
      (group 3), and five prostaglandin E2-induced labors (group 4) were determined at
      the stages of 1 to 7 days preceding the onset of labor, onset of labor, and
      established labor, by means of unextracted radioimmunoassay. The levels of
      oxytocin in the stage preceding the onset of labor in group 1 were not
      significantly different from the levels of oxytocin in the corresponding stages
      in groups 2, 3, and 4. However, the levels of oxytocin in the stages of onset of
      labor and established labor in group 1 were significantly higher than those in
      the corresponding stages in groups 2, 3, and 4. These results suggest that
      oxytocin plays a leading role in the onset and progress of spontaneous labor,
      whereas something other than oxytocin might be involved in the labor induced by
      amniotomy alone or by prostaglandins.

PMID- 6578681
TI  - Three-dimensional x-ray stereometry from paired coplanar images: a progress
      report.
AB  - More than fifty years ago, Broadbent reported the development of a three
      dimensional cephalometric method which complexed information from pairs of x-ray
      images oriented in two planes at right angles to each other. Empirical problems
      have prevented the routine clinical use of this "biplanar" method,
      notwithstanding its obvious conceptual brilliance. The present article reports on
      recent work toward the development of an alternative method of three-dimensional
      cephalometry in which the two images of each x-ray pair are positioned in the
      same plane rather than being at right angles to each other. It is believed that
      this "coplanar" method avoids many of the technical problems that have limited
      the use of the Broadbent method.

PMID- 6578682
TI  - The geometry of three-dimensional measurement from paired coplanar x-ray images.
AB  - This article outlines the geometric principles which underlie the process of
      making craniofacial measurements in three dimensions by combining information
      from pairs of coplanar x-ray images. The main focus is upon the rationale of the
      method rather than upon the computational details. We stress particularly the
      importance of having available accurate measurements as to the relative positions
      of the x-ray tubes and the film plane. The use of control arrays of radiopaque
      "points" whose projected images upon the film plane allow the retrospective
      calculation of the spatial relationship between the x-ray tubes and the film
      plane is explained. Finally, the question of correcting for movement of the
      subject between two films of an image pair is considered briefly.

PMID- 6578683
TI  - Periodontal status following the alignment of palatally impacted canine teeth.
AB  - Twenty-three patients who had completed treatment to resolve the unilateral
      palatal impaction of a maxillary canine by orthodontic means were examined 2.3
      years (mean) after all appliances had been discarded. Scores were noted for the
      plaque index, gingival index, attached gingiva, pocket depth, and bone support on
      each of the affected teeth and also on the contralateral canine which had been
      unaffected and thus acted as a control. In addition, the teeth immediately
      adjacent to both canines were similarly scored. The results indicated no
      significant difference in the plaque index and the amount of attached gingiva,
      while the gingival index, pocket depth, and particularly the bone support all
      showed statistically valid differences. It is suggested that in these cases a
      postorthodontic assessment of the state of the supporting tissues be performed
      and periodontal treatment instituted in those requiring it.

PMID- 6578684
TI  - Prevalence and severity of malocclusion in Israeli Arab urban children 13 to 15
      years of age.
AB  - Israeli Arab children between the ages of 13 and 15 years, living in the town of
      Nazareth, were examined in order to determine the prevalence and severity of
      malocclusion in the permanent dentition. The survey encompassed 803 children, of
      whom 2.5 percent were under orthodontic treatment at the time of the study and
      0.3 percent showed ideal occlusion. The remainder showed various measures of
      deviation from normal, distributed as follows: 85 percent had Angle Class I
      malocclusion, 8.5 percent had Angle Class II, Division 1 malocclusion, 1.7
      percent had Angle Class II, Division 2 malocclusion, and 1.3 percent belonged to
      the Angle Class III category. The severity of malocclusion was appraised
      qualitatively by subjective evaluation, while for quantitative determination the
      Handicapping Malocclusion Assessment Record (HMAR) was used. There was a positive
      correlation between the two modes of assessment as expressed in the 12.4 percent
      of the children who were classified "treatment highly desirable or mandatory" and
      who scored 30 or more points on the HMAR chart. Further examination of the
      deviations underlying the scoring revealed that the 52.1 percent of the children
      with scores of 15 points or more would benefit greatly from orthodontic
      treatment. Selected items of the TPI and OI charts were incorporated into the
      HMAR to evaluate the latter's sensitivity. Supplementing the HMAR with some
      deviations from normal, such as cusp-to-cusp relationships, amplifies the
      sensitivity of this record.

PMID- 6578685
TI  - Research biases.

PMID- 6578686
TI  - Patterns and mechanisms of bone invasion by squamous carcinomas of the head and
      neck.
AB  - Patterns and mechanisms of local bone invasion by squamous carcinomas of the head
      and neck have been investigated. Detailed surgical pathology has shown that these
      tumors invade contiguous skeletal or metaplastic bone principally through an
      indirect process; the normal bone resorbing cells of the host (osteoclasts) are
      activated and erode bone in front of the advancing tumor edge. Tumor cells take
      over the destructive process when the osteoclast response has waned. These
      morphologic patterns have been reproduced in an in vitro model where calcium-45
      labelled mouse calvaria, cocultured with a tumor for 3 days, are resorbed by
      osteoclasts. Freshly excised tumors, established tumor cell lines, and tumor
      xenografts release osteolysins in vitro which act as osteoclastic stimulants.
      They include both prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha, and nonprostaglandin factors,
      and are derived from tumor cells and from the associated host stroma. Virtually
      all the tumors examined released osteolysins and resorbed bone in vitro
      independent of their site, size, degree of differentiation, and the presence or
      absence of clinical bone invasion.

PMID- 6578687
TI  - Effect of retinoids on oral leukoplakia.
AB  - This two phase study was designed to observe the toxicity and effectiveness of
      retinoids on oral leukoplakia. The study design included patients who had visible
      and measurable oral leukoplakia without history of synchronous oral cancer or
      oral cancer within the previous 2 years. Documentation of the lesion by direct
      measurement and photography, as well as a biopsy at the beginning and at the end
      of the study (for verification of the histologic appearance of the lesion), were
      performed in each patient. Sixteen patients with oral leukoplakia were treated
      with 13-cis-retinoic acid formulated in a troche in the strength of 1 mg. Three
      patients received 3 mg/day, 8 patients received 5 mg/day, and 5 patients received
      10 mg/day. The initial visible responding event appeared to be a thinning of the
      leukoplakia with reduction in the whitish surface leaving a reddish, velvety
      epithelium. If resolution occurred, the velvety area became pink, assuming the
      color and texture of the normal adjacent mucosa. Toxicity of the drug appeared to
      be acceptable among the evaluable patients. Of the 11 patients, 3 demonstrated
      complete response and 6 demonstrated partial response after 6 months of treatment
      with the drug under study. Recurrences developed in two of the three patients
      with complete response, and neither of the two showed complete histologic and
      cytologic regression. One of the patients with partial response went on to
      complete response after cessation of treatment. Under the condition of our study,
      a treatment effect was observed with small amounts of topical 13-cis-retinoic
      acid and that the level of toxicity was acceptable.

PMID- 6578688
TI  - Sex and other prognostic factors in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood.
AB  - A complete national material of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      diagnosed in the years 1973-1980 was analyzed with regard to prognostic
      differences between males and females. In accordance with international criteria
      (age, WBC, CNS involvement, and mediastinal mass), the children were classified
      as standard risk (SR) and increased risk (IR). Thirty-eight percent of the males
      and 32% of the females fulfilled criteria for assignment to the group with an
      increased risk. A linear multiple regression analysis on the material showed that
      WBC was the most important prognostic criterion, followed by sex, age, and
      mediastinal mass. The prognosis was significantly poorer for males in the
      standard risk (p less than 0.03) and in the increased risk group (p less than
      0.0001). The IR criteria were more valid for males than for females. Serious
      complications resulting from therapy were more frequently reported for females
      than for males. These studies suggest that sex is of significance both for the
      prognosis and for the efficacy of treatment.

PMID- 6578689
TI  - Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia in a child with
      t(8;9)(p11 or 12;q34).
AB  - Approximately 78% of chronic myelogenous leukemia patients have the standard Ph'
      chromosome-negative defect as their only chromosomal abnormality. CML has been
      extensively studied due to the availability of tumor tissue and the frequency and
      consistency with which such abnormalities are noted. There have been few cases
      reported, however, of Ph' chromosome-negative CML with an abnormality involving
      rearrangement and breaks at the 9q34 band. We report here a unique case of the
      fourth Ph'-negative patient who demonstrates this break.

PMID- 6578690
TI  - Acute monoblastic leukemia as a second malignant neoplasm in metastatic
      neuroblastoma.

PMID- 6578692
TI  - The ultimate goal?

PMID- 6578693
TI  - A dangerous misconnexion.

PMID- 6578691
TI  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the offspring of a mother exposed to
      diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero. A case report and hypothesis.
AB  - A case of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is reported. The
      child's mother was exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero during the first
      two trimesters of pregnancy. Causal association for this child's leukemia could
      have resulted either from a maternal germ cell event or abnormal DES-induced
      intrauterine environment.

PMID- 6578694
TI  - Uterine rupture with the use of vaginal prostaglandin E2 suppositories.

PMID- 6578695
TI  - [Neutropenia and glycogenosis type IB].

PMID- 6578696
TI  - [Tomodensitometry in focal splenic pathology].

PMID- 6578698
TI  - A modification of the Knutson's equation for recording epidemiological trend
      patterns of dental caries.

PMID- 6578697
TI  - [Radiographic study of the formation of permanent canines and premolars in Santo
      Domingo].

PMID- 6578699
TI  - Analysis of the pedodontic situation.

PMID- 6578700
TI  - Preventive orthodontics: professional practice and teaching.

PMID- 6578701
TI  - Occurrence and expression of imipemide (N-formimidoyl thienamycin) resistance in
      clinical isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci.
AB  - More than 500 clinical isolates were screened for resistance to a number of
      antibiotics, including imipemide (N-formimidoyl thienamycin [MK0787]). Of the 25
      coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates present in the screening sample,
      almost one-third showed one of two patterns of imipemide resistance. One pattern
      apparently involves constitutive expression of drug resistance, whereas the other
      pattern seems to result from an inducible resistance having an apparent induction
      threshold higher than the minimal inhibitory concentration of imipemide. The
      mechanism(s) responsible for this imipemide resistance is unclear, but may be
      distinct from the more common staphylococcal mechanisms of resistance to beta
      lactam antibiotics. Only two of the patients from whom imipemide-resistant
      staphylococci were cultured had actually been treated with the antibiotic.

PMID- 6578703
TI  - Thymosin beta 10, a new analog of thymosin beta 4 in mammalian tissues.
AB  - A new analog of thymosin beta 4 has been isolated from tissues of several
      mammalian species. This peptide, designated thymosin beta 10, is composed of 42
      amino acid residues and shows 75% sequence homology with thymosin beta 4. It
      occurs together with thymoxin beta 4 in a variety of tissues including spleen,
      liver, and thymus and also in several cultured cell lines. In the spleen of rat,
      mouse, cat, and man, the new peptide accounts for approximately 0.02% by weight
      of the total protein. In the calf it is replaced by another homologous peptide,
      designated thymosin beta 9, whose structure has been reported.

PMID- 6578702
TI  - Learned food aversions: heterogeneity of animal models of tumor-induced anorexia.
AB  - Learned food aversions have been implicated in the anorexia which develops in
      rats with transplantable PW-739 tumors. There appear to be striking differences
      in growth characteristics and physiological effects of different experimental
      tumors. The present studies examined the issue of heterogeneity of tumor models,
      while assessing the generality of the finding that learned food aversions arise
      in anorexic, tumor-bearing animals. This was done by comparing effects on food
      intake and diet preferences of two transplantable tumors, the Leydig cell tumor,
      LTW(m), and the Walker-256 carcinosarcoma. We found that animals with Leydig
      tumors, like those with PW-739 tumors, developed strong aversions to the specific
      diet they had eaten after tumor implant. In contrast, animals with Walker-256
      tumors did not develop diet aversions. These results support the idea that
      learned food aversions contribute to anorexia in animals with Leydig but not
      Walker tumors. They further suggest that learned food aversions in tumor-bearing
      animals are not a response to illness, in general, but rather that the
      unconditioned stimulus responsible for these aversions is quite specific, and may
      ultimately prove identifiable.

PMID- 6578704
TI  - [Thermochemotherapy for malignant melanoma--combination therapy of ACNU and
      hyperthermia in mice].
AB  - The effect of a combination therapy of hyperthermia (43 degrees C, 30 min) and
      ACNU (10 mg/kg) on B 16 melanoma and C 24 melanoma in vivo was studied. This
      combination therapy was effective in both melanoma. In C 24 melanoma, remarkably
      the tumor regression and the partial destruction of the histological structure,
      were observed.

PMID- 6578705
TI  - [Aclacinomycin A and behenoyl ara-C combination chemotherapy for untreated acute
      non-lymphocytic leukemia].
AB  - Sixteen patients with previously untreated acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were
      treated with a combination of aclacinomycin A (ACM-A) and behenoyl ara-C (BH-AC)
      at Saitama Cancer Center between April 1980 and February 1983. The complete
      remission was obtained in 10 of 16 patients (62.5%) (M1, 0/1 M2, 8/8, M3, 0/2,
      M4, 2/5). A combination of daunorubicin (DNR) and cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C)
      was crossed over to 5 patients who failed to respond to primary treatment of a
      combined ACM-A and BH-AC. All of these attained the complete remission. The
      cumulative dose of over 600 mg/m2 of ACM-A has been given to 7 patients as
      maintenance treatment. The maximum cumulative dose was 2000 mg/m2. The median
      survival time for all patients was 12 months, and the median survival with
      complete remission has not been reached; however, it is estimated to be greater
      than 24 months. ACM-A seemed to induce long-term maintenance when it was used as
      maintenance treatment. The results have demonstrated that a combination of ACM-A
      and BH-AC shows equivalent activity with that of a combined DNR and ARA-C in
      terms of remission induction and remission maintenance.

PMID- 6578706
TI  - Changes with aging in serum lipoproteins and apolipoprotein C subclasses.
AB  - The effects of aging on serum lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoprotein C
      subclasses in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were investigated in healthy
      male subjects aged from the 1st to the 9th decade. The serum cholesterol,
      phospholipid and triglyceride concentrations, the serum beta-lipoprotein
      concentration determined immunologically, and the beta-lipoprotein percentage
      determined by electrophoresis showed the lowest levels in the 2nd decade,
      increased gradually with age, attained the highest level in the 6th to 7th decade
      and slightly declined in the 9th decade. The VLDL-low density lipoprotein (LDL)
      cholesterol level changed almost in parallel with the serum total cholesterol
      level, but the HDL cholesterol level and the apolipoprotein A concentration
      remained almost constant showing no age-related change. The free cholesterol
      percentages in every lipoprotein fraction and the apolipoprotein content in LDL
      were higher in the subjects in the 6th and 7th decade than those in the 2nd to
      3rd decade. The apo C II/C III ratio in VLDL increased with age. These data
      suggest that the ability to active lipoprotein lipase may not be impaired but the
      lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity declines with age.

PMID- 6578707
TI  - [Fatal infectious mononucleosis in a leukemic child in remission].
AB  - The authors report the case of a 5 year-old girl who died from primary Epstein
      Barr virus infection while in remission from acute lymphoblastic leukemia. There
      was a diffuse, polymorphic and polyclonal proliferation of B lymphocytes,
      associated with a strong histiocytic reaction with hemophagocytosis. The role of
      Epstein-Barr virus was ascertained by the appearance of specific antibodies and
      the finding of EBNA antigen on liver smear.

PMID- 6578709
TI  - A novel non-centrifugation radioimmunoassay for cannabinoids.
AB  - A new method is described for the separation of free and bound fractions in a
      cannabinoid (3H)-radioimmunoassay without the need for centrifugation. The method
      employs a novel separation device which allows all manipulations to be performed
      in a single tube simply, rapidly and safely.

PMID- 6578708
TI  - Pathogenicity of Candida paratropicalis.
AB  - A new Candida species, Candida paratropicalis, was recently described. Four cases
      of infections due to C paratropicalis are reviewed in detail and an additional
      five cases are reviewed to establish the clinical relevance of this species of
      yeast. Candida paratropicalis was isolated from blood and several other body
      sites. Although the isolates tested were sensitive in vitro to amphotericin B and
      fluocytosine, significant morbidity and mortality were associated with the
      infections.

PMID- 6578711
TI  - Localization of phencyclidine in the rat brain in vivo.
AB  - Male rats were injected with 3H-PCP (3 mg/kg; 1.2 mCi/rat) into the tail vein.
      Three minutes later, the rats were anesthetized, frozen and their heads processed
      for autoradiographic study. The autoradiograms illustrated diffuse distribution
      of 3H-PCP or its metabolites in the whole brain tissue. Increased intensity was
      observed in the hippocampus, corpus callosum, subicullum, thalamus, colliculus
      caudalis, nucleus caudatus putamen, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. These labelled
      regions are in accord with those which were found to change glucose metabolism,
      as has been observed by monitoring labelled deoxyglucose before and after PCP
      injection. In addition to the previously mentioned sites, radioactivity is seen
      in the olfactory bulb, chiasma opticus and parts of the eye (lens cortex, retina,
      cilliary body). The presence of radioactivity in the chiasma opticus, as well as
      in various parts of the eye itself, may partially explain the effect of PCP on
      the eye and on vision.

PMID- 6578710
TI  - Effect of cannabis on enzyme induction by phenobarbital.
AB  - Cannabis extracts in olive oil administered s.c. to male adult rats decreases
      oxidizing microsomal enzymes measured as TPNH disappearance and AHH activity in
      liver postmitochondrial fraction (93.06% and 25.54% maximum inhibition
      respectively in chronic treatments). Simultaneous administration of single doses
      of cannabis extracts (330 mg/kg s.c.) and phenobarbital (100 mg/kg i.p.) causes
      impairment of total microsomal oxidases (86.83% inhibition) and decreases AHH
      (31.86% inhibition), thus blocking the enzyme induction by phenobarbital.

PMID- 6578712
TI  - Chemotherapy related leukemogenesis.
AB  - Administration of aggressive chemotherapy to patients with cancer has
      considerably improved their outlook for effective palliation or cure. However, a
      hitherto unappreciated complication consisting of a secondary malignancy, in
      particular acute leukemia, has emerged. Prolonged therapy with alkylating agents
      and chemotherapy plus radiotherapy are associated with an increased risk of this
      complication. The disease evolves through a preleukemic phase of pancytopenia and
      sideroblastic refractory anemia. The median onset from the initiation of
      chemotherapy is about 5 years with an increasing incidence with time.
      Myelomonocytic, monocytic and erythroleukemia with atypical features and
      resistance to conventional therapy predominate. Hyploidy and aberrations
      involving chromosomes 5 and 7 are frequent. Alkylating agents are carcinogenic in
      laboratory animals. Although the pathway to leukemogenesis in humans is unknown,
      a multistep evolution is envisaged. This involves: 1) initiation through
      induction of errors in DNA, 2) promotion related to stem cell replication
      following chemotherapy-induced aplasia and 3) propagation related to
      immunosuppression. It is possible that, as in myeloproliferative disorders, an
      underlying tendency for leukemia is present in patients with cancer. This may be
      accentuated by chemotherapy, and more frequently observed due to the longer
      survival of such patients. The crucial role of chemotherapy in leukemogenesis is
      evident from data accumulated in non-malignant conditions such as rheumatoid
      arthritis.

PMID- 6578714
TI  - Phencyclidine-dependent chemiluminescence of rat alveolar macrophages.
AB  - Phencyclidine (PCP) is a drug of abuse which is commonly taken by inhalation or
      snorting. By this pathway, it comes in direct contact with the alveolar
      macrophages (AM) which phagocytize inhaled particles. The activated AM produce
      reactive oxidative products and release photons with resulting chemiluminescence
      (CL) that can be quantified in the presence of luminol. The effect of PCP on this
      functional ability has been studied. PCP-treated rat-AM in vitro causes a two-to
      threefold increase in CL emission, after challenging with zymosan particles. This
      CL augmentation by PCP appears not to be associated with increased phagocytosis.
      Several metabolic inhibitors have been studied, and only rotenone has been found
      to inhibit CL production to a greater degree with PCP than in its absence. It may
      be assumed that the enhanced CL produced in the presence of PCP is due to
      activation of the drug by some reactive oxygen state or states that are affected
      by rotenone.

PMID- 6578713
TI  - Disposition of phencyclidine after intramuscular administration.
AB  - The disposition of radioactive phencyclidine (PCP) in various rat tissues, after
      single or repeated intramuscular injections for 23 days, have been investigated.
      Peak levels of radioactivity appeared 45-90 min after a single administration.
      The pancreas, salivary glands and mesenteric fat contained 4 to 6-fold higher
      radioactivity than brain, muscles, tendons, and bones. After repeated 3H-PCP
      injections, radioactivity levels showed a similar pattern as to that of the peak
      levels after a single administration, but at notably higher values. On the other
      hand, the percentage of depletion, within 48 h after the final injection, was the
      highest in the pancreas, salivary glands and mesenteric fat. It is possible that
      despite the low retention capacity of PCP radioactivity per unit weight of
      muscle, tendon and bone, they may be considered important reservoirs for either
      PCP, or its metabolites or both because of their large relative mass in the body.

PMID- 6578715
TI  - Cultures of central neurons grown in the presence of phencyclidine.
AB  - In order to study the mode of action of phencyclidine at the cellular level
      differentiating cultures of dissociated nerve cells from brain and spinal cord
      have been used. Cells were grown in the presence of 50-500 microM of PCP or
      tritium labelled PCP, for the periods of 1-11 days. PCP in the concentration of
      500 microM caused progressive degeneration of nerve cells, already noticeable
      after 24 h. No significant morphological changes were observed in cells exposed
      to PCP at concentrations up to 200 microM. In brain cultures exposed to 200
      microM PCP, 50% decrease of AChE activity was observed. No decrease in enzyme
      activity was found in cultures of spinal cord.

PMID- 6578716
TI  - Naturally occurring toxicants in foods and their significance in the human diet.
AB  - Among the many biologically active and potentially toxic factors known to be
      present in plant foodstuffs normally consumed by man, those that are present in
      legumes have received the most attention. Two categories of legume toxins will be
      considered - those whose effects have been extensively studied in experimental
      animals but whose significance in man must remain open to conjecture, and those
      which are known to produce toxic effects in man but whose identity remains
      uncertain because similar effects are not readily reproduced in animal models.
      The protease inhibitors have, over the years, been the object of much study in
      experimental animals where they have been observed to have an adverse effect on
      growth and to cause pancreatic enlargement. The relevance of these observations
      to human nutrition remains obscure, however, because of our lack of knowledge
      concerning the effect of soybean trypsin inhibitors on the human pancreas.
      Lectins from certain legumes such as the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) have
      been shown to be toxic to animals upon oral ingestion presumably because of the
      damage which they inflict upon binding to the cells lining the intestinal mucosa.
      Lectins may therefore be responsible for reported cases of human intoxication
      associated with the consumption of inadequately cooked beans. Lathyrism and
      favism are diseases in man which are associated with the consumption of Lathyrus
      sativus and Vicia faba respectively. Evidence leading to the probable
      identification of the causative factors of these diseases and the steps necessary
      for their elimination will be discussed.

PMID- 6578717
TI  - Accentuated response to raw soya-bean meal by meal feeding.
AB  - Diets containing raw soya-beans (RSD) when fed ad libitum cause reduction in
      growth rate and food utilization, enlargement of the pancreas and increase of its
      enzyme synthesis. A single meal of raw soya-beans with corn (1:9), tube-fed to
      geese, caused about 90% mortality, while geese, tube-fed with corn alone, did not
      show any negative response. No mortality occurred when geese were fed a similar
      diet ad libitum. Two-week old chicks were fed ad libitum or by tube, twice a day,
      similar amounts of RSD or heated soya-bean diet (HSD). While the chicks tube-fed
      HSD behaved similarly to those feeding freely, the chicks tube-fed RSD collapsed
      after one week. The thymus and bursa of fabricii were atrophied in the RSD tube
      fed chicks. Diets containing increasing amounts of raw soya-bean meal (0,20%,
      42%, and 80%) were fed freely to weanling rats or as one 4 h meal per day. All
      the rats fed the 4 h meal containing either 42% or 80% raw soya-bean meal died
      within 3 days; all the others survived. The rats were trained to meal-feeding by
      gradual reduction of their access to food. The negative effects of the RSD, i.e.
      reduced food intake and body weight gain, pancreas enlargement, were much more
      pronounced in the meal-fed rats than in those fed ad libitum. The differences
      increased by increasing dietary trypsin inhibitor (TI) (raw soya-bean meal).

PMID- 6578718
TI  - Toxicological evaluation of a liquid fraction derived from palm oil.
AB  - The possible toxicity and mutagenicity of a heated liquid fraction derived from
      palm oil by transesterification was tested with rats fed diets containing 15% of
      the oil and by various in vitro and chemical assays on the animals sera. No
      adverse effects of any kind were noted in the animals fed diets containing a high
      level of the oils, and the Ames Test failed to reveal a mutagenic potential in
      any of them. The chemical tests did not show any noteworthy undesirable changes,
      either.

PMID- 6578719
TI  - Amanita verna poisoning in Israel--report of a rare case out of time and place.
AB  - A rare case of A. verna poisoning in Israel is presented; this occurred in mid
      winter at a place hitherto free of the fungus. The unsuspecting victim sought
      help only after anuria had developed. Charcoal hemoperfusion and large dosages of
      penicillin with hemodialysis were followed by prompt recovery, despite the late
      start of treatment. It is suggested that such treatment is essential in A. verna
      poisoning, and is indicated at all stages of intoxication.

PMID- 6578720
TI  - Intoxication by the chickling pea (Lathyrus sativus): nervous system and skeletal
      findings.
AB  - Two hundred patients with chronic neurolathyrism were examined 25-35 years after
      the appearance of signs and symptoms of intoxication of the chickling pea. Their
      daily food intake, in a German forced labor camp during World War II, consisted
      of 400 g Lathyrus sativus peas cooked in water plus 200 g bread baked of barley
      and straw. Apart from the classic signs of neurolathyrism, i.e., a spastic
      paraparesis, in five cases, the skeletal findings observed were similar to
      experimental osteolathyrism. There was an absence of ossification centers of the
      iliac creasts, ischial tuberosities and vertebrae; and bowing with thickening of
      the femoral shaft also occurred. These bony changes in human lathyrism have not
      been described before.

PMID- 6578721
TI  - Examples of poisonous plants in Israel of importance to animals and man.
AB  - Several plants causing poisoning in herbivores in Israel have an association with
      human health. Ferula communis (giant fennel) contains a potent anticoagulant and
      induces severe haemorrhagic diathesis in grazing ewes, or similar changes in
      utero in lambs. These and other teratogenic changes have been seen in babies from
      mothers receiving the anticoagulant warfarin during pregnancy. The Ferula
      interaction in sheep may be used as a model to study this embryotoxicity in man.
      Ammi majus (bishops weed) causes severe ophthalmic changes, in particular
      pigmentary retinopathy in photosensitized domestic fowl. The photoactive
      principle is currently used in the treatment of psoriasis in man, and such
      patients should be examined for possible ocular toxicity. Trigonella foenum
      graecum (fenugreek) caused myopathy in ruminants and is ingested by certain
      ethnic groups. Oxalis pes-caprae (Bermuda buttercup) causes large-scale oxalate
      poisoning in sheep and is avidly eaten by children.

PMID- 6578722
TI  - Chlorinated hydrocarbons in birds and mammals.

PMID- 6578723
TI  - Drug vulnerability of peripheral blood platelets.
AB  - The effect of antiinflammatory drugs (aspirin, Voltaren), cytotoxic drugs
      (cyclophosphamide, vincristine), antibiotics (penicillin, chloramphenicol), as
      well as of dipyridamole on the different ultrastructural and metabolic parameters
      of human platelets was examined in vitro. Almost all drugs caused a decreased
      platelet aggregation but of different degrees. The alteration of the internal
      structure consisted of a decrease in the number of platelet granules,
      displacement of the granules and mitochondrial damage. The surface alterations
      affected the number and appearance of platelet pseudopodia. With the exception of
      Voltaren the drugs exerted an inhibitory effect on platelet protein synthesizing
      capacity and on their phagocytotic ability. Voltaren stimulated the ability of
      platelets to engulf latex particles.

PMID- 6578724
TI  - Warfarin and the grey squirrel.
AB  - The anticoagulant warfarin [3-(alpha-acetonylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin] has been
      used for controlling the grey squirrel Sciurus carolinensis in Great Britain.
      Before legislation was passed to allow for its use in Ireland, it was felt that
      more information on its effectiveness was required. Since the small mammal
      population of Ireland is low, any toxic effects on the native mammal population
      could greatly deplete the wildlife in Ireland. No accurate assessment of the
      toxicity of warfarin for the squirrel appears in the literature. The squirrel
      were dosed with warfarin at four different concentrations, 6.0, 1.25, 0.5, 0.01
      mg per kg of body weight, by stomach tube, in order to find the least effective
      dose. The prothrombin times (PT) were monitored as an assessment of the action of
      the drug. The control prothrombin time and the standard deviation of the mean was
      13.83 +/- 3.64. Animals that were treated with warfarin showed an elevated PT
      even at the lowest dose by the 7th day of treatment. The PT was found to be in
      excess of 30 s and this was statistically significant, p = 0.05. Within the group
      receiving 0.5 mg/kg one animal showed a very significant initial rise in PT, but
      after 22 days of daily dosing, the PT decreased to within the normal range of the
      controls. Despite continuous dosing for a total of 26 days, it remained within
      this range.

PMID- 6578725
TI  - The effect of monoacetin and calcium chloride on acid-base balance and survival
      in experimental sodium fluoroacetate poisoning.
AB  - Sodium fluoroacetate (compound "1080") was injected intravenously, 3 mmol/kg, to
      artificially-ventilated anesthetized cats. Blood pressure, ECG, acid-base
      parameters and serum ionized calcium were monitored in four groups of cats. Group
      A served as control. Group B cats were treated with calcium chloride to restore
      normal values of serum ionized calcium. Group C was given monoacetin (glyceryl
      monoacetate), 0.5 ml/kg every 30 min. Both monoacetin and calcium chloride were
      given to cats in group D. Fluoroacetate poisoning caused significant decrease in
      ionized calcium and severe metabolic acidosis with increased levels of lactate
      and pyruvate. The lactate to pyruvate ratio remained normal as long as there was
      no significant drop in blood pressure. Correction of blood ionized calcium
      prolonged survival from 94 to 166 min (group B). Monoacetin prolonged average
      survival time to 166 min. Metabolic acidosis was aggravated in monoacetin-treated
      animals (group C). Combined treatment with monoacetin and calcium chloride did
      not prolong mean survival time above 166 min.

PMID- 6578726
TI  - Fluoroacetamide poisoning in man: the role of ionized calcium.
AB  - Two cases are reported of severe acute fluoroacetamide poisoning in man, with
      successful treatment of the life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias by the
      administration of calcium chloride. The arrhythmias were preceded by prolongation
      of the QT interval in the ECG. Calcium chloride therapy restored to normal the
      markedly prolonged QT interval.

PMID- 6578727
TI  - Biochemical aspects of fluoroacetate poisoning in isolated rat kidney tubules:
      reversibility of inhibition of gluconeogenesis by alpha-ketoglutarate.
AB  - The effects of monofluoroacetate (FAC) on suspensions of isolated rat kidney
      tubules were investigated. FAC inhibited gluconeogenesis from lactate, pyruvate,
      fructose, dihydroxyacetone, alpha-ketoglutarate, and succinate. The
      gluconeogenesis from pyruvate, ketoglutarate, and lactate was less sensitive to
      FAC than that from other substrates. FAC also caused a decrease in oxygen
      consumption, hydroxybutyrate to acetoacetate ratio, alpha-ketoglutarate, ATP, and
      total adenine nucleotide content; the citrate content was increased. Addition of
      alpha-ketoglutarate, 5 mmol/l, caused a reversal of gluconeogenesis inhibition,
      an increase in ATP content, and a delay in citrate accumulation in isolated rat
      kidney tubules incubated with FAC.

PMID- 6578728
TI  - Acute central nervous system changes due to intoxication by Manzidan (a combined
      dithiocarbamate of Maneb and Zineb).
AB  - A 42-year old man sprayed Manzidan (a combined dithiocarbamate of Maneb and
      Zineb) on a cucumber plantation, twice during a week. Behavioural changes
      appeared after the first application, and loss of consciousness, convulsions and
      right hemiparesis after the second application with diffuse slow rhythm in the
      EEG. Both the behavioural and CNS symptomatology disappeared spontaneously after
      a few days. The previous history of the patient, the sudden appearance and
      spontaneous disappearance of the symptoms and a dose-response relationship
      strongly suggest that Maneb and Zineb were the cause of the illness.

PMID- 6578729
TI  - Effect of diastereoisomeric epoxyrotenones on hepatic epoxide hydrase activity.
AB  - The effect on epoxide hydrase activity of the two diastereomeric (6'R) and (6'S)
      6',7'-epoxyrotenones formed during the oxidative metabolism of rotenone on the
      isopropenyl side chain is reported. The activity of microsomal epoxide hydrase
      was determined using styrene oxide as substrate. The results indicate that the
      two diastereomeric 6',7'-epoxyrotenones are good substrates for epoxide hydrase
      and are noncompetitive inhibitors for the hydration of styrene oxide. The more
      polar of the two isomers is more active as inhibitor of this enzyme.

PMID- 6578730
TI  - Endorphins in endotoxin-induced hyperglycemia in mice.
AB  - This study assessed the role of endogenous opiate systems in the hyperglycemic
      response to endotoxin challenge in mice. Blockade of opiate receptors by
      administration of the opiate antagonists naloxone (1.0 mg/kg) or naltrexone (1.0
      or 5.0 mg/kg) significantly lessened to degree of hyperglycemia cause by
      endotoxin challenge (80 micrograms). Methyl naltrexone, a peripherally acting
      opiate antagonist, had no demonstrable effect on endotoxin-induced hyperglycemia.
      Finally, induction of tolerance to morphine prevented the hyperglycemic response
      to endotoxin challenge. These results suggest a causative role for central
      nervous system endorphinergic mechanisms in the hyperglycemic response to
      endotoxin administration. They support the view that centrally acting opiate
      antagonist, by blocking the brain opiate receptors, can influence metabolic
      adaptation to endotoxin shock.

PMID- 6578731
TI  - Covalent protein binding of vinyl chloride metabolites during co-incubation of
      freshly isolated hepatocytes and hepatic sinusoidal cells of rats.
AB  - Proteins of isolated rat hepatic sinusoidal cells incubated with 14C-vinyl
      chloride, rat liver microsomes and an NADPH-regenerating system were alkylated by
      vinyl chloride metabolites formed by microsomes. This suggests that reactive
      vinyl chloride metabolites can penetrate sinusoidal cells. Protein alkylation in
      isolated hepatic sinusoidal cells was higher when these were co-incubated with
      isolated hepatocytes, indicating that reactive vinyl chloride metabolites formed
      by hepatocytes are stable enough to diffuse out of hepatocytes into sinusoidal
      cells. Glutathione added to the incubation medium inhibited the covalent protein
      binding of vinyl chloride metabolites in sinusoidal cells as well as in
      hepatocytes incubated separately and deleted the increased protein binding in
      sinusoidal cells co-incubated with hepatocytes. The data indicate that
      glutathione present in the incubation medium traps reactive vinyl chloride
      metabolites formed by hepatocytes which otherwise would react with cell
      constituents of sinusoidal cells. If similar conditions exist in vivo, the
      alkylation of DNA of liver endothelial cells by vinyl chloride metabolites formed
      in hepatocytes is possible. This would explain the induction of
      hemangioendotheliomas of the liver by vinyl chloride.

PMID- 6578732
TI  - The contribution of veterinary toxicology to environmental health.
AB  - An account is given of three major functions of veterinary toxicology in relation
      to environmental health. These are: 1) Environmental (epidemiological) toxicology
      with reference to mass intoxications in domestic animals and wildlife and their
      role in the early detection of detrimental environmental quality caused by toxic
      chemicals. 2) Comparative pharmacology and toxicology: The impact of animal
      poisonings on discoveries in human health or on the development of novel concepts
      in these disciplines. 3) Regulatory toxicology: The role of the veterinary
      profession is emphasized in the safeguarding of food with special reference to
      meat inspection regulations and biological residues in edible tissues.

PMID- 6578733
TI  - Lead poisoning from ceramics in the Arab population.
AB  - Despite the widespread use of hand-crafted lead-glazed pottery by the Arab
      population, no cases of lead intoxication have previously been attributed to
      these ceramics. Three Arab families were found that used to eat from such
      earthenware utensils and were afflicted with plumbism. Plumbism was diagnosed by
      the determination of blood and urine lead levels and in two of the families by
      the decrease of red cell delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity. The
      propositus of the first family was the 23-year-old mother who had abdominal pains
      and hematuria. Lead intoxication was established and therapy with calcium EDTA
      institutes. She recovered. Her one-year-old daughter died in another hospital
      during a similar episode. Family studies revealed subclinical plumbism in her
      remaining three sons. In another family, a 54-year-old-man had abdominal pains
      and had a lead line on the gingival margins. Subsequent testing of the surfaces
      of the earthenware containers from which these families used to eat disclosed
      excessive amounts of lead. In the third family, eight members had plumbism, four
      of them with encephalopathy associated with motor palsy. One case was icteric.
      They also used to eat from primitive pottery with a lead glaze.

PMID- 6578734
TI  - Conversion of inorganic lead into a highly-toxic organic derivative by marine
      microorganisms.
AB  - It has been reported that certain microorganisms isolated from lake sediments may
      transform inorganic lead compounds to organic derivatives, which are by at least
      one order of magnitude more toxic than the parent (inorganic) compounds. The
      purpose of this study was to investigate whether microorganisms isolated from a
      marine sediment could also produce such metabolites in an in vitro system
      simulating the marine ecosystem. The experimental setup included: 1) A sterile
      control system containing added inorganic lead (referred to as Pb2+); 2) a
      nonsterile control system without added Pb2+; 3) a nonsterile experimental system
      containing added Pb2+. The amount of added Pb2+ ranged from 5 to 1,000 ppm.
      Aliquots were taken at different intervals from the nonsterile systems and the
      surviving microorganisms were identified and counted. The main results were as
      follows: 1) The higher lead levels were toxic to all microorganisms. 2) Organic
      lead was only detected in the nonsterile experimental system, apparently due to
      microbial action, since none was found in the sterile systems. 3) Several
      bacteria exhibiting various degrees of tolerance for lead were isolated.

PMID- 6578735
TI  - Sperm cell motility as a new experimental model for toxicological studies.
AB  - The effects of environmental and toxicological factors were tested in a new and
      "simple" biological system; the collective motility exhibited by ram spermatozoa.
      Motility of highly concentrated semen (greater than 1 X 10(9) cells/ml) was
      evaluated objectively with a multichannel reflectospermiograph (RSG) connected to
      a minicomputer for an on-line analysis. The effect was tested on one of the
      energy-producing systems in the sperm cells, while the other was inhibited by 2
      deoxy-D-glucose or antimycin-A so that the energy source for motility was known.
      The effects of the addition of ethanol to the semen in various concentrations, as
      well as various levels of oxygen in the environment were tested. When motility of
      the sperm cells was driven by mitochondrial respiration, the intensity and
      duration of motility was inhibited significantly above a threshold level. At the
      same level of ethanol, the motility was not significantly affected when the
      energy source was the fructolysis pathway. The effects of oxygen level were
      tested below and above the normal oxygen level (21% O2). When fructolysis was
      inhibited, the motility was fully dependent on oxygen supply, namely, that lower
      levels of oxygen inhibited motility. It was also found that under higher levels
      of O2 (hyperbaric hyperoxia conditions) the motility was inhibited due to the
      known oxygen toxicity effects.

PMID- 6578736
TI  - The red cell as a sensitive target for activated toxic arylamines.
AB  - During biotransformation of arylamines, activated phase I metabolites, like
      aminophenols and hydroxylamines, occasionally escape the liver and exert
      allergic, toxic or carcinogenic effects in sensitive target organs. The first
      organ in contact with these proximate toxic compounds is the blood where
      oxyhemoglobin activates proximate to ultimate toxic derivatives. Thereby
      hydroxylamines and oxyhemoglobin are co-oxidized to nitrosoarenes and
      ferrihemoglobin. Because of an enzymic cycle, severe methemoglobinemia can occur
      even with small, catalytic amounts of hydroxylamines. Reactive oxygen
      intermediates, if not eliminated enzymically, may be responsible for hemolysis,
      Heinz body formation, and green pigments. In addition, nitrosoarenes bind
      covalently to hemoglobin and membranes and deplete glutathione by formation of
      glutathione-sulfinamides. Aminophenols, on the other hand, have to be activated
      first by oxyhemoglobin to phenoxyl radicals and quinonimines, which are reduced
      back with simultaneous ferrihemoglobin formation. Hence, aminophenols
      catalytically transfer electrons from iron to oxygen. This catalytic cycle is
      terminated by side reactions: p-quinonimines form adducts with glutathione and
      hemoglobin. Thereby the physiological functions of hemoglobin can be greatly
      altered as shown for 4-dimethylaminophenol. o-Quinonimines either condense to the
      respective phenoxazones, or if condensation is hindered, they form adducts,
      mainly with thiols. The different pathways for o-aminophenols are concentration
      dependent, with adduct formation being favoured at low concentrations. Thus,
      methemoglobin formation poorly correlates with the implications of reactive
      electrophilic intermediates.

PMID- 6578737
TI  - Hemoperfusion with chelating microspheres as a new treatment for severe mercury
      poisoning.
AB  - Monodisperse beads of 1.0 mm diameter composed of polymercaptal microspheres of
      0.8 micron average diameter encapsulated with agarose were prepared. The
      polymercaptal microspheres have high affinity for organic and inorganic mercury
      compounds and do not bind to alkali and alkaline earth metalic compounds. The
      agarose-polymercaptal microsphere beads (APMMB) are blood compatible with high
      porosity. In vitro experiments with a column containing these beads illustrated
      their efficiency for the removal of mercury from the blood by means of
      hemoperfusion.

PMID- 6578738
TI  - Detection of 14C-carmoisine metabolites by high performance liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - 14C-Carmoisine, a sulphonated azodye, 200 mg/kg b.w. (25 muCi), was administered
      to rats by gavage. Separation of radioactive compounds in faeces and urine of
      these animals was carried out by HPLC with a UV and a radioactivity detector. In
      addition to unmodified carmoisine, five radioactive compounds were present. The
      main peak showed both the retention time and the UV spectrum of naphtionic acid.
      Metabolic patterns similar to those observed "in vivo" were found by incubation
      of 14C-carmoisine under anaerobic conditions with a bacterial suspension isolated
      from human faeces and from the intestinal contents of rats. This procedure
      permits the preparation of amounts of unknown metabolites suitable for their
      identification.

PMID- 6578739
TI  - A new technique for the determination of diethylstilboestrol.
AB  - A new method has been developed to determine diethylstilboestrol (DES) in bovine
      urine at the picogramme level. Ion-pair-systems are used for purification and
      isolation. Following formation of the electrophilic di-heptafluorobutyryl (di
      HFB) derivative, identification and quantification were carried out by means of
      capillary gaschromatography-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry, using
      CH4 or CH4-N2O 4: 1 as reagent gases.

PMID- 6578740
TI  - Isolated intestinal cells of guinea pig: a suitable model for assessing direct
      toxic effects of ethanol on the mucosa of the upper small intestine.
AB  - The effects of acute ethanol (1-10%) on membrane transport and respiration in
      isolated jejunal cells of guinea pig were investigated. Three substrates with
      different transport mechanisms were employed: uridine (active, Na+-dependent
      transport), choline (saturable, Na+-independent transport), and chenodeoxycholate
      (simple diffusion). Uridine and choline transport were half-maximally inhibited
      by 3% ethanol; this inhibition was paralleled by a similar decrease in
      mitochondrial respiration and ATP production. Chenodeoxycholate uptake in
      contrast was virtually unaffected by up to 10% ethanol. It is concluded that
      acute ethanol inhibits active carrier-mediated absorption, but has no effect on
      transcellular diffusion of lipophilic compounds.

PMID- 6578741
TI  - Pyrenebutyl-methylphosphonofluoridate: a fluorescent anti-cholinesterase in vivo.
AB  - In vivo properties of pyrenebutyl-methylphosphonofluoridate (PBMPF) have been
      studied. The LD50 (i.v.) for mice was 15 mg/kg and toxic symptoms were typical of
      cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition but central signs were absent. After
      intraventricular injection of PBPMPF in unanaesthetized rabbits, continued
      walking in bizarre circular fashion together with peripheral vascular dilation
      and tachypnoea were observed. Recovery occurred 3 h post-injection. Fluorescent
      particles of unabsorbed material juxtaposed on lining ependyma were observed up
      to 14 days of administration. In addition, a large number of hippocampal cells
      showed vivid fluorescence, particularly in the cytoplasm, which was attributed to
      ChE inhibition. It is concluded that PBMPF seems promising as an organophosphate
      marker of nerve cells.

PMID- 6578742
TI  - Analysis of succinylcholine in tissues and body fluids by ion-pair extraction and
      gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
AB  - The neuromuscular blocking agent succinylcholine (SCh) has been identified and
      quantitated in biological material using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
      The bisquaternary ammonium compound SCh is extracted from tissue homogenates or
      body fluids into dichloromethane as an ion pair with hexanitrodiphenylamine
      (DPA). The evaporated ion pair residue is demethylated with sodium
      benzenethiolate to form the corresponding tertiary amine which is identified and
      quantitated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using a glass capillary
      column coated with SE 52. In the quantitative analysis deuterated SCh is used as
      internal standard. The instrument is focussed on m/z 58 for demethylated SCh and
      m/z 62 or 64 for the internal standard. Concentrations as low as 5 ng SCh
      iodide/g tissue or body fluid are easily detected.

PMID- 6578743
TI  - Survival, bodyweight and food consumption data obtained from life span rodent
      studies in isolated animal units.
AB  - A previous poster presentation proposed the use of isolated units for life span
      studies in rodents. This novel concept of design was considered to be the best
      available housing system for these studies. To further support our claim that
      these units provide good quality reproduceable results control data obtained from
      initial life span studies in the rat and mouse are reported.

PMID- 6578744
TI  - A comparison of automated data collection and manual data collection for
      toxicology studies.
AB  - Automated data collection was compared with manual data collection in terms of
      accuracy and man-hours devoted to data manipulation and checking. The comparison
      was based on experience with an automated data collection system (DOLPHIN)TM1
      developed at Toxigenics for use in conducting toxicological studies. It was found
      that on-line data collection increases the quality of the data gathered because:
      1) it facilitates scientific observation by displaying historical data and
      statistics on changes since the last observation period; 2) it virtually
      eliminates errors due to oversight and transcription; 3) it allows more careful
      monitoring of the course of the study by providing immediate access to interim
      summary statistics; 4) it provides complete documentation of all changes made to
      the data after initial collection. In addition, automated data collection enables
      more rapid completion of the final report of results because: 1) fewer
      departmental transfers are required; 2) auditing by Quality Assurance (Q.A.)
      personnel is facilitated.

PMID- 6578745
TI  - Effects of radiographic contrast media on the serum complement system.
AB  - The authors explored the activation of the complement system produced by a
      nonionic organic iodine compound, namely iopamidol, which is proposed as a
      contrast medium for radiographic examination by intravenous and intra-arterial
      injection. The study was conducted in vitro versus established ionic contrasts
      (diatrizoate, iothalamate, acetrizoate) and a nonionic compound (metrizamide).
      The adopted experimental model was the immunohemolytic detector system, in which
      the immune complex consisted of goat erythrocytes sensitized with the
      corresponding antibody (hemolysin), and complement (C') was supplied by guinea
      pig serum. All the products caused complement activation. The results show that
      nonionic contrast media produce less activation of the complement system than the
      traditional ionic contrast. Thus the use of nonionic contrast for radiological
      procedures necessitating the introduction of contrast material into the blood
      compartment would imply a reduced risk of anaphylactoid reactions.

PMID- 6578746
TI  - Accumulation and adverse effects of metoprolol and propranolol after concurrent
      administration of cimetidine.
AB  - Pharmacokinetics of metoprolol, propranolol and atenolol were investigated in six
      healthy volunteers following 7 days of oral monotherapy with these drugs and
      after 7 days concurrent administration of each of these betareceptor antagonists
      with cimetidine. Application of cimetidine did not lead to any interaction with
      atenolol, whereas mean peak plasma levels of metoprolol were increased by 70%,
      and those of propranolol by 95% due to concurrent administration of cimetidine (p
      less than 0.05). The AUC of the two last mentioned beta blockers behaved
      similarly (p less than 0.05). Measurement of exercise-induced tachycardia on the
      6th day of administration showed no differences between monotherapy with the beta
      blocker and combined treatment with each of them and cimetidine. Except for one
      volunteer who complained of anxiety, weakness and sweating on the 6th day of
      cimetidine/metoprolol administration, no adverse effects could be observed during
      the combination therapy with cimetidine and the beta blockers or in monotherapy
      with beta blockers.

PMID- 6578747
TI  - Toxicity studies with human fibroblast interferon.
AB  - Acute toxicity studies of interferon derived from human fibroblasts (FHIF) were
      performed in mice and rats with doses between 6 X 10(4) and 480 X 10(4) IU/kg
      i.v. and an observation period of 14 days. No severe toxic effects, such as loss
      of weight or other pathological clinical signs were observed. In local innocuity
      studies (i.v., i.a., paravenous) in rabbits FHIF proved to have no adverse
      effects. 180,000 IU/kg were pyrogen free in rabbits, in the limulus test the
      content of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) was 208 pg/ml as compared to the FDA
      standard EC-2. Studies were performed to assess the pharmacological safety of
      FHIF in 10 monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). The i.v. injection of 60,000 IU/kg had
      no pathological effects on circulation, respiration, number of blood cells, or
      body temperature. In six monkeys a short decrease of arterial blood pressure was
      noted a few minutes after injection of 120,000 IU/kg i.v. Both doses caused an
      increase of thrombelastographic time (TEG). The proposed single human dose of
      approximately 60,000 IU/kg has been proved safe in the acute toxicity studies and
      the pharmacological safety assessment in mice, rats, rabbits, and monkeys. The
      LPS content is low.

PMID- 6578748
TI  - An hypothesis for the induction of leukemia by benzene.
AB  - Benzene has the sad privilege of being the only industrial chemical inducing
      leukemia in susceptible individuals chronically exposed to its vapors. Hence,
      benzene has been included in the list of human carcinogens. Acute myeloblastic
      leukemia and erythroleukemia are typical examples of benzene leukemia. Most cases
      show some features in common: 1) development after many years of exposure and, in
      some cases many months after leaving the toxic atmosphere; 2) leucopenia or
      moderate degree of leucocytosis; and 3) splenohepatomegaly discrete or absent.
      Finding of an antecedent of pancytopenia reinforces the suspicion of benzene as
      the causative agent. There is still no agreement about the role played by benzene
      in chronic types of leukemia. In assessing diagnosis of benzene leukemia much
      importance has been attached by French authors and by myself to the demonstration
      of benzene in blood or in bone marrow aspirates or biopsies. Treatment of benzene
      hemopathy based on the oral administration of "anti-benzene compounds" such as
      methyl-donors and thiol-aminoacids is proposed here based on personal research in
      rabbits, in leukemic patients treated by benzene in the past and on myself as a
      volunteer. In pre-leukemic states, lowering the benzene burden of the bone marrow
      might prevent the further development of acute leukemia. Recently, I found out
      that: 1) benzene can be converted to phenol in the bone marrow independently of
      liver oxidizing enzymes; 2) benzene injected in the femoral artery of the rabbit
      can provoke histological changes at the isolated tibial marrow.

PMID- 6578749
TI  - Partial isolation and characterisation of a hemagglutinating factor from avocado
      seed.
AB  - Extracts of ground avocado seeds (Fuerte and Hass varieties), prepared in
      different buffer solutions (pH 2.0-12.0), show hemagglutinating activity towards
      A, B, AB, and H (0) human erythrocytes. The extract showing the highest titer of
      aggulination was extracted at pH 10.5. The crude extract also causes hemolysis of
      fresh washed erythrocytes. The hemagglutinating factor is not inhibited by most
      of the simple sugars tested, e.g., D-glucose, D-mannose, D-galactose, and glucose
      amine. The only sugars which show some inhibitory effect are N-Acetyl-neuraminic
      acid, melibiose, and stachiose. Basic amino acids, e.g., lysine and arginine also
      inhibit its activity. However the most potent inhibitors of the agglutinin are
      proteins and glycoproteins such as bovine serum albumin, collagen, thyroglobulin,
      ovalbumin, mucin, and fetuin. The agglutinin is adsorbed on polymer beads such as
      Sepharose 4B, Sephadex G100, Agarose, and Chitin, and it reacts with hog
      erythrocyte membranes. It can be partially eluted from those materials with
      alkaline buffers (pH 9.0-10.5).

PMID- 6578750
TI  - Guide to the analysis of phencyclidine and its metabolites in biological
      material.
AB  - Phencyclidine was introduced as an anaesthetic in 1960; and has now become a
      major drug of abuse in some countries. The rapid advance in the various fields of
      analytical chemistry during the past decades has made it possible to measure the
      levels of the compounds in tissues and body fluids. These methods may also be
      used to study the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of PCP. The resulting
      publication is an updated guide to these analyses particularly with the
      application of these techniques in human intoxication.

PMID- 6578751
TI  - Models to predict cannabinoid-induced disturbances.
AB  - The most commonly used animal models to evaluate the psychoactivity of
      cannabinoids have been reviewed. The need for suitable models is acute
      considering the present interest to develop drugs based on the cannabinoid moiety
      but preferably dissociated from psychoactivity. Conceivably, a satisfactory assay
      should show features of cannabinoid-induced disturbances relevant to man as well
      as sensitivity, specificity and simplicity. These requisites seemed better
      fulfilled in the monkey model. Various lines of evidence have demonstrated the
      close pattern of the behavioural response to psychoactive and inactive
      cannabinoids in man and monkeys. Rhesus monkeys showed development of tolerance
      and withdrawal symptoms, which have been frequently reported in humans after
      prolonged exposure to cannabinoids. The exposure was reported also to cause in
      monkeys alterations of electrical activity and organic damage in deep brain
      structures. The monkey model has been particularly useful to determine the
      relative potency of naturally occurring cannabinoids and metabolites, which was
      adequately compared to that in man, and to establish the structural requirements
      for psychoactivity in large series of synthetic new compounds. In addition it
      appeared that rhesus monkeys react similarly to man with respect to proposed
      antidotes against cannabinoids. Four newly synthetized amino-cannabinoids were
      tested in baboons. All these compounds were virtually void of typical cannabinoid
      psychoactivity but two trans-analogs differed from the cis-analogs in that they
      provoked bouts of vigorous scratching and yawning. This unusual drug-effect, at
      difference from scratching alone has not been previously observed after
      administration of cannabinoids. In this presentation some terms of cannabis
      terminology have been discussed.

PMID- 6578752
TI  - Serum lipids and lipoproteins in schizophrenic patients with normal renal
      function treated with hemodialysis.
AB  - To study the effect of hemodialysis on serum lipids and lipoproteins, five
      patients with normal renal function who had undergone hemodialysis for
      schizophrenic symptoms for 10 weeks in a crossover study were investigated.
      Active or sham (no dialysate flow through the filter) dialysis was instituted
      randomly. Serum lipids were isolated by ultracentrifugation and precipitation
      before and after each period. High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels
      were constantly low and correlated negatively with serum alkaline phosphatase
      concentrations (p less than 0.05). Serum and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)
      triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol increased during active, and to a lesser
      extent during sham, dialysis. Dialysis of this intensity does not affect HDL. The
      low levels may be secondary to subclinical cholestasis from neuroleptic drug
      treatment. Some individuals may develop hypertriglyceridemia of unknown
      pathogenesis during hemodialysis. Both these lipoprotein abnormalities are risk
      factors for the development of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 6578753
TI  - Effect of human dental bacterial plaque extract on the connective tissue of in
      vitro cultured fetal rat calvaria.
AB  - Plaque extract (50 micrograms protein/ml) stimulated the synthesis of
      glycosaminoglycans (GAG) in cultured calvaria explants. The production of
      hyaluronic acid was increased (206-309 per cent) in the medium of bone explants
      cultured without fetal calf serum. In the presence of serum the synthesis of GAG
      was increased in control bones to the level of plaque-treated bones. The bone
      nitrogen content remained relatively unchanged, but dry weights, DNA and collagen
      contents were all decreased in plaque-treated bones. Bone resorption measured as
      45Ca-release was enhanced in plaque-treated (173 +/- 18 per cent) and also
      parathormone-treated (155 +/- 10 per cent) bones. Serum in culture medium reduced
      the differences between treated and control bones by increasing the release of
      45Ca from control bones. Plaque-induced bone resorption may be caused by
      increased cell secretion of GAG and inhibition of collagen synthesis or by
      increased collagen breakdown. Loss of mineral accompanies this modification of
      the organic substrate.

PMID- 6578754
TI  - Effect of phytate and hexadecylamine on the permeability of bovine dental enamel.
AB  - The effect of hexadecylamine on the permeability of bovine dental enamel was
      investigated using a radiochemical diffusion technique. Treatment with an aqueous
      solution of hexadecylamine reduced the permeability of the enamel by about 20 per
      cent. Pre-treatment of the enamel with an aqueous solution of phytate followed by
      hexadecylamine yielded a reduction in permeability of approximately 70 per cent.
      The observed effects were similar for ionic (86Rb+ and 36Cl-) and non-ionic [(
      3H]-sorbitol and [14C]-glycerol) compounds. The strong permeability-reducing
      effect of the combined phytate-amine treatment may also be anticariogenic.

PMID- 6578755
TI  - The acidogenic microbial composition of dental plaque from caries-free and caries
      prone people.
AB  - Plaque samples collected from caries-free and caries-prone subjects were analysed
      for total bacteria, the ratio of acidogenic to total organisms and the
      proportions of streptococci, Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces. The acidogenic
      composition of plaque reflected the dietary habits and caries status of an
      individual. A high acidogenic ratio was found in individuals with active lesions
      or recent restorations; individuals who were caries-free or had no recent lesions
      had a lower ratio although total organisms were similar. The ratio remained
      constant in sequential samples from caries-prone subjects but was increased by
      frequent exposure to sugar. Streptococci, Actinomyces and Strep. mutans were
      isolated from all samples but no consistent relationship was found between either
      their isolation frequency or proportions and caries status.

PMID- 6578756
TI  - Factors influencing jaw position sense in man.
AB  - The relative contribution of muscle sensors, joint sensors and trigeminal
      exterosensors to the position sense of the mandible was investigated. Subjects
      compared the sizes of gauges placed between the teeth with the size of a
      previously explored standard gauge of 4.75 mm. The experimental conditions were
      either anaesthesia of both mandibular joints and the oral exterosensors, or load
      on the jaw-closing muscles, or adaptation to an extreme jaw position. The results
      were compared with control experiments under normal conditions. (1) All subjects
      matched to standard fairly well in control conditions, the imprecision of the
      match being approximately 0.5 mm. Under anaesthesia, the matches were 1-1.5 mm
      greater than the controls, the imprecision being almost unaffected.
      Anaesthetizing the joints and oral exterosensors before or after exploring the
      standard gauge did not affect the match. Imposing various loads (less than or
      equal to 3.4 kg) did not change the match to the standard. Adaptation to a wide
      open position introduced a considerable mismatch of the standard, leaving the
      imprecision of the match unaffected. (2) The experiments provide evidence that
      muscle afferents are important sources in sensing jaw position and fulfil the
      criteria for an independent position servo in the trigeminal system. It is
      suggested that the engram of the standard is built up mainly from muscle sensor
      information.

PMID- 6578757
TI  - The production of developmental defects of enamel in the incisor teeth of penned
      sheep resulting from induced parasitism.
AB  - Thirty-four sheep were infected with nematode parasites (Trichostrongylus spp.
      and Ostertagia circumcincta) during central incisor formation. The tooth enamel
      was examined for defects of mineralization at eruption and compared with that of
      14 control sheep. The type and number of parasites given, the duration of the
      infection and the age of the sheep were varied. Sheep receiving high doses of
      parasites e.g. 200,000 T. vitrinus + 20,000 O. circumcincta showed severe
      systemic effects (debilitation, scouring and weight loss) which were of short
      duration (7-10 days) as the infections were terminated by anthelmintic treatment.
      Hypoplastic enamel (a break in continuity) was induced in all 5 sheep infected at
      8 1/4-9 months of age and demarcated opacities (an alteration in the
      translucency) in 3 out of 4 sheep infected at 10 months of age. Sheep given
      150,000 or 40,000 T. colubriformis showed less obvious systemic effects although
      the weight loss continued in some sheep for up to 54 days. Although opacities of
      the enamel in the form of parallel lines, sometimes with localized increase in
      width or with a diffuse opacity superimposed, were seen by microscopic
      examination (X 10) of teeth in this group, many of the teeth from the control
      sheep showed similar lesions. Only the hypoplastic lesions can be attributed with
      confidence to the experimental manipulations.

PMID- 6578758
TI  - Electron microscopy of dentinal tubule sclerosis in the enamel-free region of the
      rat molar.
AB  - Ultrastructural changes in dentinal tubule contents were followed for periods up
      to 6 weeks following tooth eruption into the mouth. Characteristic odontoblast
      processes were observed in some tubules throughout the enamel-free dentine. Many
      dentinal tubules contained shrunken odontoblast processes, large collagen fibres
      and/or accumulations of mineral in various forms. The mineralization patterns
      suggest mechanisms of tubule occlusion other than simple formation of peritubular
      dentine. Both the degenerating odontoblast processes and collagen fibres appear
      to provide an organic framework for deposition of mineral. This region of rat
      molar dentine is recommended as useful for study of naturally-occurring tubular
      sclerosis.

PMID- 6578759
TI  - Effects of fluoride on locomotion of human blood leucocytes in vitro.
AB  - The effect of NaF on the locomotion and chemotaxis of human blood neutrophils and
      monocytes was studied using two assays: the micropore filter assay and a time
      lapse cinematographic assay in which the chemotaxis of cells in response to
      spores of Candida albicans was filmed. At high concentrations (greater than 10(
      4) M), NaF inhibited locomotion of both cell types, but no inhibition of
      locomotion of either cell-type was seen in either assay using NaF at less than or
      equal to 10(-4) M, whether or not the cells were responding to a chemotactic
      source. This was so, even for monocytes incubated for 48 h in the presence of
      NaF. It is therefore improbable that fluoride, at levels added to drinking water
      or found in the body fluids of persons drinking fluoridated water, has any
      deleterious effect on the locomotor capacity of phagocytic cells or on their
      capacity to detect and home on to chemotactic sources.

PMID- 6578760
TI  - The properties of cells in the cat trigeminal main sensory and spinal subnuclei
      activated by mechanical stimulation of the periodontium.
AB  - Neurophysiological exploration of the trigeminal sensory complex was done on 42
      cats under ketamine anaesthesia, paying special attention to units receiving a
      periodontal input. Among 492 cells recorded in the trigeminal sensory complex, 73
      responded to mechanical stimulation of the periodontium and were precisely
      localized histologically. Thalamic stimulation was also delivered to the ipsi and
      contralateral ventro-posterior nucleus to test for antidromic responses. Results
      of this systematic study were plotted on reference drawings of the full extent of
      the trigeminal sensory complex.

PMID- 6578761
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of rat submandibular salivary gland mucin.
AB  - A solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) for rat submandibular mucin (RSM) was
      developed and applied to studies of mucin concentration, antigenicity and
      secretion. The assay utilizes the affinity of 125I-Protein A for IgG to
      quantitate antigen-antibody immunocomplexes immobilized in the wells of plastic
      microtitre plates. The technique was highly reproducible and capable of detecting
      as little as 3 ng mucin protein. The submandibular glands of rats weighing 150
      180 g contained 257 micrograms of mucin (dry wt) per mg protein, which is
      equivalent to about 3.6 mg of mucin per gland. The antiserum to RSM was cross
      reactive with mucins from rat sublingual and pig submandibular glands, and rat,
      human and pig small intestine. No cross-reactivity was detected with mucins from
      mouse, canine or bovine submandibular glands, and there was no evidence that ABH
      blood-group sugars contributed to mucin antigenicity. The RIA was used to
      estimate secretion from dispersed rat submandibular gland cells and gave a more
      specific and accurate assay of mucin release than previous assays of precursor
      labelled radioactive glycoproteins in the culture medium. The beta-adrenergic
      agonist, isoproterenol, stimulated immunoreactive mucin secretion from cultured
      cells to approximately twice the level of unstimulated or propranolol-inhibited
      controls. The RIA appears to offer promising new approaches for studies on mucin
      metabolism and secretion in health and disease.

PMID- 6578762
TI  - Morphological and biochemical changes in the rat parotid gland after compensatory
      and isoproterenol-induced enlargement.
AB  - Enlargement of parotid glands can be induced in rats by treatment with
      isoproterenol (ISP) or by removal of the submandibular and sublingual glands. In
      this study, morphological changes in the enlarged parotid glands and qualitative
      changes in secreted proteins were examined in rats that had been treated with ISP
      for 10 days or that had been partially sialoadenectomized by removal of the
      submandibular/sublingual glands 2 weeks prior to killing. After ISP treatment or
      salivary gland ablation, secretory cells were enlarged and contained enlarged
      secretory granules that stained differently from granules in normal glands.
      Isoproterenol treatment induced the greatest enlargement of cells and granules.
      Even though gland structure was altered in both experimental groups,
      electrophoresis of saliva showed that submandibular/sublingual gland ablation did
      not lead to significant qualitative changes in secreted proteins, while ISP
      treatment induced major changes in the pattern of secreted protein. The results
      suggest that compensatory enlargement of the parotid glands and changes after ISP
      treatment are induced by stimulation of different regulatory pathways.

PMID- 6578763
TI  - Light- and electron-microscopic study of the microbial deposits present on the
      tongue and dentition of macropods.
AB  - The dental deposits in the kangaroos and wallabies were similar to human calculus
      with lysed bacterial cell remnants embedded in previously mineralized areas. The
      surface of the microbial deposits in contact with the enamel showed: (a)
      triangular structures 3-5 micron deep and 4-5 micron wide at their base repeating
      every 4 or 5 micron which probably occupied the remnants of Tomes processes which
      in macropods do not flatten out; (b) irregular, short (1 micron) projections that
      probably occupied the inter-prismatic areas. Few organisms were observed on the
      anterior or dorsal surfaces of the tongues but on the posterior region there was
      abundant microbial colonization. Large amounts of extracellular matrix were
      preserved using a fixation technique designed to minimize the loss of water
      soluble material. Bacteria were arranged perpendicular to the epithelial cell
      surfaces and were present on either surface of desquamating epithelial cells.
      Aqueous fixation erroneously suggested that inter-bacterial and bacterial
      epithelial cell adhesion was primarily by fine fibrillar strands.

PMID- 6578764
TI  - Correlations between the concentrations of fluoride and some other constituents
      in tea infusions and their possible dental caries-preventive effect.
AB  - Tannic acid, total, complexed and ionized fluoride, calcium, total phosphate,
      zinc, aluminium, copper, iron, mercury and manganese were determined in infusions
      prepared from some or all of 30 brands of tea. Mercury and copper were not
      detected. Significant positive correlations were observed between fluoride,
      aluminium and manganese. The low reactivity of fluoride in tea infusions with
      powdered hydroxyapatite compared with that in dilute sodium fluoride solutions
      may be in part explained by the presence of aluminium and manganese.

PMID- 6578765
TI  - Volume change in the growing canine mandible measured by intra-vital fluorescent
      dye three-dimensional reconstruction.
AB  - A reconstruction method was employed to study the relative contributions of bone
      deposition and resorption to the overall growth of an individual bone. Total bone
      volume and incremental bone volume were measured for 24 mandibles spanning an age
      range from 22 to 211 days. No obvious relationship was demonstrated between the
      overall rate of bone formation and age; however, the rate of bone formation per
      unit volume of the jaw conformed to an exponential curve. The rate of increase in
      bone volume fell to nearly zero over the experimental period, whilst the rate of
      new bone addition levelled out at 12-13 mm3/cm3 per day. Thus there was
      significant bone remodelling after adult size was reached.

PMID- 6578766
TI  - Effects of sympathetic nerve activity on changes in the position of the rabbit
      incisor tooth evoked by acute alterations in arterial blood pressure.
AB  - The influence of the sympathetic innervation of periodontal blood vessels on the
      responses of the upper incisor tooth to sudden changes in mean arterial pressure
      was studied in 15 anaesthetized rabbits. Changes in axial position of the tooth
      were measured by ultrasonic transit time technique. With intact sympathetic
      nerves, the tooth showed small, if any, intrusive movements in response to 6-42
      mm Hg reductions in arterial pressure evoked by stimulation of the aortic
      baroreceptor nerve. When exposed to similar periods of hypovolaemic hypotension,
      the intrusions were, on an average, 1 micron larger (p less than 0.01). After
      bilateral sectioning of the cervical sympathetic nerves, tooth intrusions in
      response to both types of pressure reduction became more marked, as did the
      extrusive movements evoked by abrupt increases in aortic pressure (produced by
      inflation of intra-aortic balloon). After sympathectomy, a 19 +/- 6 mm Hg rise in
      pressure caused extrusions of 6 +/- 3 microns, or 2 microns more than before the
      sympathectomy (p less than 0.01). The results suggest that the activity in
      sympathetic nerves to periodontal blood vessels may be inhibited by central
      nervous mechanisms and that the sympathetic innervation of the periodontal
      vasculature serves to minimize changes in tooth position brought on by sudden
      alterations in arterial pressure.

PMID- 6578767
TI  - Detection of the hypothiocyanite (OSCN-) ion in human parotid saliva and the
      effect of pH on OSCN- generation in the salivary peroxidase antimicrobial system.
AB  - Human whole saliva contains the hypothiocyanite ion (OSCN-) which is the
      principal antimicrobial product of the salivary peroxidase system. The peroxidase
      system requires a source of peroxide in order to produce OSCN- and in the human
      mouth this source has been assumed to be primarily the peroxidogenic oral
      bacteria. However, we report here studies which show that samples of stimulated
      human parotid saliva collected directly from Stenson's duct have concentrations
      of OSCN- which are similar to those found in human whole saliva. Thus, the
      peroxidogenic bacteria are not an absolute requirement for the generation of
      significant levels of OSCN- in the human mouth. Supplementation of human whole
      saliva with components [thiocyanite (SCN-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)] of the
      peroxidase system produces a 10-fold or greater increase in OSCN- concentration.
      However, the magnitude of this increase is critically dependent upon pH and upon
      the relative and absolute concentrations of SCN- and H2O2. The pH dependence of
      OSCN- generation is similar for human whole saliva and for the
      lactoperoxidase/SCN-/H2O2 system. The optimum is in the range 6.5-7.0. Samples of
      parotid saliva adjusted to pH 6.5 and supplemented with appropriate amounts of
      SCN- and H2O2 show increases in OSCN- concentrations which are similar to those
      observed with whole saliva. The results show that there is a significant source
      of H2O2 within the parotid gland, that the OSCN- generating potential of parotid
      saliva is similar to that of whole saliva and that the enhancement of OSCN-
      levels in saliva by addition of SCN- and H2O2 is critically dependent upon pH and
      upon the relative and absolute concentrations of H2O2 and SCN-.

PMID- 6578768
TI  - The influence of crown size dimorphism on sex differences in the Carabelli trait
      and the canine distal accessory ridge in man.
AB  - When the two sexes were contrasted, Pima Indian males showed larger crown
      dimensions and more pronounced expressions of two morphologic variables, the
      Carabelli trait and the lower canine distal accessory ridge. In addition, a
      significant positive relationship was found between crown size and degree of
      expression of the morphologic traits. When regression analysis was utilized to
      control for male-female tooth size differences, the moderate dimorphism shown by
      Carabelli trait was reduced by about half. The more dimorphic distal accessory
      ridge, related primarily to mesio-distal diameter, also showed a lesser sex
      difference when crown size effects were held constant. While size dimorphism does
      contribute to morphologic dimorphism, factors unrelated to crown size still
      contribute the majority of variance present in trait expression both within and
      between sexes.

PMID- 6578769
TI  - A computer model of jaw and hyoid movement in the cat.
AB  - A digital model was used to study the varying movements of the feline jaw and
      hyoid in the sagittal plane. The effect of mandibular movement on the path of
      movement of the hyoid relative to the palate was investigated for model paths of
      movement of the hyoid, i.e. paths of movement that were always elliptical
      relative to the mandible. Major effects upon the path of movement of the hyoid
      relative to the palate were produced by two factors: (1) the presence of a fast
      open/fast close complex within the profile of jaw movement; (2) the time
      relationship of the backwards movement of the hyoid relative to that of the fast
      open/fast close complex. The average antero-posterior position of the hyoid in
      the mandibular plane and the angle of the major axis of the ellipse to that plane
      were less important factors. Within limits (relative to the mandible), the
      overall amplitude of the hyoid movement, its vertical position and the direction
      in which the ellipse was travelled were all unimportant factors in determining
      the general nature of hyoid movement relative to the palate.

PMID- 6578770
TI  - Isolation and serological typing of ureaplasma in human saliva.
AB  - Ureaplasmas were detected in the saliva of 3.5 per cent (12/342) of subjects. A
      total of 60 isolated strains did not revert to bacterial forms on repeated
      subculture in antibacterial agent-free media, failed to grow in serum-free media,
      were inhibited by digitonin and hydrolysed urea but not glucose or arginine.
      Twenty-five strains were divided into serotypes: I (5), II (3), III (5), IV (4)
      and VI (8 strains). Ureaplasmas of serotype I, II, III, IV and VI were harboured
      by 2, 1, 1, 1 and 3 subjects respectively and the remaining 4 subjects harboured
      2 different serotypes. Ureaplasma-positive subjects were young and middle-aged
      and, except for 1 subject with mandibular arthrosis, suffered from periodontitis,
      pericoronitis, gingivitis and maxillary sinusitis. These accounted for only 6.1
      per cent (11/180) of the series of subjects examined.

PMID- 6578771
TI  - Differences in basic proline-rich proteins in rat parotid saliva following
      chronic isoproterenol treatment or maintenance on a liquid diet.
AB  - The basic proline-rich proteins (BPRP) in the stimulated parotid saliva of rats
      treated for 8 days with isoproterenol and rats fed a liquid diet for 2 weeks were
      compared to those in the stimulated parotid saliva of untreated rats fed a stock
      pelleted-diet (control). In the control, the BPRP were separated into 5 groups
      designated Peak A (the basic proline-rich glycoprotein), SP-1, SP-2, SP-3 and SP
      4. The percentage of BPRP in each group was as follows: Peak A, 6.5 per cent; SP
      1, 37 per cent; SP-2, 6.5 per cent; SP-3, 32.4 per cent; SP-4, 17.6 per cent. In
      the parotid saliva of rats fed the liquid diet, proteins corresponding to Peak A
      and SP-2 were not present, the proportion of BPRP in SP-4 was increased to almost
      90 per cent while the proportions of material in SP-1 and SP-3 were reduced to 3
      and 8 per cent, respectively. In the saliva of rats subjected to chronic
      isoproterenol treatment, a protein corresponding to SP-4 was not present;
      proteins corresponding to Peak A, SP-1 and SP-3 were present and in amounts
      similar to their proportion in untreated rats although material in SP-2 increased
      to 36 per cent.

PMID- 6578772
TI  - Decline with age in the rate of reduction of progesterone to 20 alpha
      hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one in the blood of perinatal ruminants.
AB  - The activity of the enzyme 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase present in
      erythrocytes of foetal and new-born ruminants has been determined by incubating
      0.1 ml blood with 0.16 mumol [4-14C]-progesterone for 15 min at 39 degrees C in a
      final volume of 2 ml buffered saline. It was found that the activity, measured as
      mumol 20 alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one produced from progesterone per millilitre
      of erythrocytes per hour, declined from levels at birth as high as 1.50 mumol for
      sheep, 0.50 mumol for goats and 0.43 mumol for cattle to levels of around 0.11,
      0.08 and 0.04 mumol respectively by 30-60 days of age. This decline in activity
      was also apparent in blood taken from sheep foetuses in which longitudinal
      studies were possible and appeared to have begun prior to 35 days before term.
      The highest activity obtained was 2.59 mumol for foetal sheep blood taken at 115
      days of gestation. It is suggested that the observed decline in 20 alpha
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity is a function of the replacement of foetal
      erythrocytes with adult-type erythrocytes which begins around 120 days of
      gestational age and that the role of the enzyme is to maintain an appropriate
      progestational environment within the foetoplacental unit.

PMID- 6578773
TI  - Partial hydatidiform mole: ultrasonographic features.
AB  - Four patients with partial hyatidiform mole managed at the Queen Mary Hospital,
      Hong Kong, are described. The diagnosis of blighted ovum or missed abortion was
      made on the sonographic findings prior to suction evacuation. The dominant
      features in these cases consisted of a relatively large central transonic area
      bearing the appearance of an empty gestational sac and surrounded by a thick rim
      of low-level placenta-like echoes; in contrast with the case of the blighted
      ovum, a well-defined echogenic sac wall is absent. In another 9 patients with
      molar pregnancy managed during the same period, the more typical 'snow-storm'
      vesicular appearance was present. It was concluded that the anembryonic
      appearance described should alert the sonologist and clinician to the possible
      diagnosis of partial hydatitiform mole. The evacuated material from the uterine
      cavity should be examined morphologically and if possible cytogenetically.

PMID- 6578774
TI  - Management of fetal complete atrioventricular block.
AB  - Congenital atrioventricular block was diagnosed with B-mode and M-mode
      ultrasonography at the 30th week of gestation in a bradycardic fetus. Major
      anomalies were excluded and prenatal fetal well-being was monitored with daily B
      mode and maternal perception of fetal movement to detect circulatory derangement
      at an early stage. Because of the sudden onset of circulatory failure, emergency
      Caesarean section was performed to save the otherwise normal fetus. Two days
      later, the infant developed ventricular fibrillation, for which surgical
      intervention was indicated. Pacemaking was effective in reestablishing the
      neonatal circulation.

PMID- 6578775
TI  - Renal tubular acidosis presenting in pregnancy with severe hypokalaemia.

PMID- 6578776
TI  - Acute fatty liver of pregnancy--survival despite associated severe preeclampsia,
      coma and coagulopathy.
AB  - Acute fatty liver of pregnancy is the least common and most serious cause of
      jaundice of pregnancy. It is rare, fewer than 100 cases having been reported
      (Koff, 1981). There is a high probability that it is frequently misdiagnosed and
      categorized vaguely as some form of variant of 'toxaemia of pregnancy' which is
      not surprising because of its late-pregnancy onset and the production of multi
      system manifestations (Holzback, 1976). In the case reported here, there was
      associated severe preeclampsia with fetal intrauterine death but maternal
      survival.

PMID- 6578777
TI  - Angular and interstitial pregnancies should not be called 'cornual'.

PMID- 6578778
TI  - Chronic inversion of the uterus.

PMID- 6578779
TI  - Bowel complications in the management of ovarian cancer.
AB  - In a consecutive series of 163 patients referred with malignant ovarian tumours
      there were 24 (14.7%) who developed major bowel complications; 21 patients were
      operated upon for bowel obstruction and had a mean survival time of 8.1 months; 8
      of the 24 patients are alive with cancer and 4 are alive without evidence of
      residual tumour. It is concluded that laparotomy is indicated when bowel
      complications occur in patients with ovarian carcinoma.

PMID- 6578780
TI  - Chromosome 1 C-band heteromorphisms in patients with carcinoma in situ and
      invasive carcinoma of the cervix uteri.
AB  - A significantly higher incidence of heteromorphism for the size of the C-band
      regions of the chromosome 1 homologues was found in the lymphocytes of patients
      with carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma of the cervix uteri than in
      controls (15 out of 19 and 12 out of 18 patients, respectively, as compared with
      13 out of 38 controls). There was also a higher incidence of partial inversions
      of this region in patients with carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma although
      the differences from that found in the controls were not statistically
      significant. C-band variants of chromosome 1 may play a part in the cytogenetic
      events that determine the early stages of some forms of malignancy.

PMID- 6578781
TI  - Cystyl aminopeptidase in maternal serum for the antenatal recognition of fetal
      growth retardation.
AB  - An appraisal has been made of the usefulness of cystyl aminopeptidase (CAS, E.C.
      3.4.11.3) activity patterns in the in utero detection of fetal growth
      retardation; 196 pregnancies at risk from placental insufficiency, classified
      into 9 aetiologic groups were considered. Absolute levels and trend of enzyme
      activity were studied in all cases and compared with the reference range of CAS
      activity established in 267 healthy pregnant subjects. Excluding multiple
      pregnancies, overall predictive value of CAS in defining fetal outcome in 186 'at
      risk' pregnancies was 72%, overall sensitivity and specificity being 82% and 71%
      respectively; 48% of the 'at risk' population delivered growth retarded infants,
      whereas the prevalence of growth retardation as diagnosed by CAS was 54%. Out of
      the 89 patients who delivered growth retarded infants, 73 exhibited abnormal CAS
      activity patterns. In twin pregnancies, values of CAS in 73% of the total number
      of assays were above mean plus 2 standard deviations for the respective
      gestational period. CAS in maternal serum is advocated as a simple and reliable
      antepartum indicator of fetal growth retardation and is suitable for the
      detection of twin pregnancy as early as the second trimester.

PMID- 6578782
TI  - The effect of maternal height on the fetal growth of New Zealand European
      singleton infants: 35-42 weeks' gestation.
AB  - Using a population of approximately 9,000 singleton deliveries collected over a
      10-year period from a defined geographical area, the effect of maternal height on
      birthweight, length and head circumference was examined. Each 5 cm increase in
      maternal height accounted for an increase of 85g, 4.1 mm, and 1.5 mm respectively
      in these measurements in males; and 25g, 1.1 mm and 0.5 mm in females. When
      maternal height adjustments were used in conjunction with birth centile charts in
      the diagnosis of small-for-gestational-age infants, this condition was diagnosed
      less frequently where the mother was small, and more frequently when the mother
      was tall, than when the adjustment was not made. However, allowing for maternal
      height made no difference to the incidence of mortality or morbidity in small-for
      gestational-age babies.

PMID- 6578783
TI  - Prognostic predictions of threatened abortion. A comparison between real-time
      ultrasound, clinical assessment and urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG).
AB  - Seventy patients admitted to hospital before the 14th week of pregnancy with a
      diagnosis of threatened abortion were studied. A comparison of ultrasonography,
      clinical assessment, and urinary HCG levels revealed the superiority of
      ultrasound scanning in predictive accuracy and as an aid to clinical management,
      particularly after the 9th week of gestation.

PMID- 6578784
TI  - The practice of psychiatry in the community.

PMID- 6578785
TI  - Techniques in brief psychotherapy.
AB  - There is a need for clear definitions of psychotherapeutic techniques in order to
      allow for proper evaluation and application of the process of brief
      psychotherapy. The literature is reviewed on five technical factors germane to
      brief dynamic psychotherapy: time, activity, focus, transference and termination.
      With the exception of Malan's (1963, 1976a) finding of the efficacy of therapist
      parent interpretations there are no replicated data available to support the use
      of any particular technique. This lack of supporting evidence may reflect
      insufficient specificity and definition in the use of brief psychotherapy, and an
      excessively generalised approach to research.

PMID- 6578786
TI  - A treatment outline for depressive disorders. The Quality Assurance Project.
AB  - With College and Government support the Quality Assurance Project is developing a
      series of explicit and detailed treatment outlines of major psychiatric disorders
      for use in peer review. Three sources of information are used: a meta-analysis of
      the treatment outcome literature, the opinions of a sample of practising
      psychiatrists and the views of a panel of nominated experts. The present outline
      concerns the treatment of depressive disorders. The three sources of information
      were in agreement that tricyclic and allied antidepressants were the treatments
      of choice for endogenous depression and were also to be considered in persistent
      neurotic depressions. Electroconvulsive therapy was recommended in patients with
      endogenous depression who were severely ill, troubled by hallucinations and
      delusions or for whom the antidepressant drugs had not proven effective. The
      psychotherapies, both dynamic and behavioural, were regarded as the treatments of
      choice in neurotic depression.

PMID- 6578787
TI  - Disgust with life in general.
AB  - A syndrome is described which consists of three symptoms: a mood disturbance of
      fear and sadness, an inability to do anything useful, and an insensitivity to
      pain and pleasure. Since the fourth century this condition has been known as
      acedia. The arguments are reviewed for its distinction from mild depression. It
      is suggested that the condition may be due to a lack of satisfying work.

PMID- 6578788
TI  - Psychiatric hospital versus community treatment: the results of a randomised
      trial.
AB  - One hundred and twenty patients presenting for admission were randomly allocated
      into two groups. Controls received standard hospital care and after-care.
      Projects were not admitted if this could be avoided; instead they and their
      relatives were provided with comprehensive community treatment and a 24-hour
      crisis service. Patients with a primary diagnosis of alcohol or drug dependence,
      organic brain disorder or mental retardation were excluded. During the 12 months
      study period, 96% of controls were admitted, 51% more than once. Of the projects,
      60% were not admitted at all and only 8% were admitted more than once. Controls
      spent an average of 53.5 days in psychiatric hospitals; projects spent an average
      of 8.4 days. Community treatment did not increase the burden upon the community,
      was considered to be significantly more satisfactory and helpful by patients and
      their relatives, achieved a clinically superior outcome, and cost less than
      standard care and after-care.

PMID- 6578789
TI  - A review of research relevant to custody and access disputes.
AB  - With the high rate of marriage breakdown, increasing numbers of children are
      becoming the subjects of custody and access disputes. The Courts are looking to
      the services of psychiatrists in these matters. They value our expert opinion on
      the least detrimental available alternative for the child. This paper reviews
      available research data which are relevant to psychiatric testimony on the
      determination of exclusive custody, joint custody and access. It is concluded
      that there is emerging an objective body of data which can buttress psychiatric
      opinion in these matters, but that a number of the principles which have guided
      the Courts to date, have not been thoroughly researched.

PMID- 6578791
TI  - Quality assurance in aspects of psychiatric practice.

PMID- 6578790
TI  - An application of strategic family therapy to a residential child and family
      psychiatry service: Redbank House.
AB  - This paper describes the application of strategic family therapy as the core
      treatment model in a teaching hospital child and family psychiatry service
      providing outpatient and residential care. The admission of the whole family is
      seen as a desirable innovation in that it may prevent the process by which
      admission of the troubled child acts as reinforcement to, and a continuation of,
      family dysfunction.

PMID- 6578792
TI  - Children of alcoholics.

PMID- 6578793
TI  - Daily ECT.

PMID- 6578794
TI  - The influence of changes in tension on protein synthesis and prostaglandin
      release in isolated rabbit muscles.
AB  - Intermittent stretching of isolated rabbit muscles increased the rate of protein
      synthesis by 70% and prostaglandin-F2 alpha release by 105%. Both effects of
      intermittent stretching were blocked by indomethacin and meclofenamate; the
      absence of Ca2+ together with added EGTA also inhibited both processes. The
      residual influence of intermittent stretching on protein synthesis was closely
      correlated with prostaglandin-F2 alpha release, which may be the link between
      mechanical activity and protein synthesis in skeletal muscle.

PMID- 6578795
TI  - Purification and characterization of enkephalin-degradating enzymes from calf
      brain striatum.
AB  - Enkephalinase A and B are extracted from Triton-X 100 washed calf-brain particles
      and purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Both enzymes have identical Km
      values in their membrane-bound and soluble form. Enkephalinase A has a pH optimum
      at 6.9 and a Km for Leu-enkephalin of 20-25 microM, which hardly depends on the
      pH. Thiorphan and phosphate are purely competitive inhibitors of Enkephalinase A
      with Ki values of 3 nM and 1.5 mM respectively (pH = 6.85). Enkephalinase B is
      not affected by phosphate or thiorphan. It has a Km for Leu-enkephalin of 10
      microM, a pH optimum of 7.0 and is inhibited by low concentrations of apolar
      dipeptides.

PMID- 6578796
TI  - Manipulation of the local thromboxane and prostacyclin balance in vivo by the
      antithrombotic compounds dazoxiben, acetylsalicylic acid and nafazatrom.
AB  - We have developed an experimental model for the study of local prostaglandin
      production by platelets and the vessel wall following stimulation 'in vivo'. A
      nylon thread was inserted into the external jugular vein of rabbits; its presence
      did not induce an occluding thrombus. Thromboxane (TXB2) values in the blood,
      sampled through the facial vein, immediately distal to the stimulus, rose and
      remained high for at least 4 hr, while 6-keto prostaglandin (PG) F1 alpha levels,
      after a first increase, gradually returned to normal ('exhaustion' of the
      endothelial cells?). No changes were observed in the contralateral jugular vein
      without thread. After infusion via the femoral vein of 10 mg/kg dazoxiben, a
      thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, local TXB2 production was completely abolished,
      whereas 6-keto PGF1 alpha formation no longer returned to basal values, but
      tended to increase. This leads to the conclusion that upon inhibition of TXB2
      formation endoperoxide metabolism is reoriented 'in vivo' towards prostacyclin,
      and this mainly at the site where platelets are activated. Injection of 100 mg/kg
      lysine acetylsalicylic acid resulted in complete inhibition of TXB2 and 6-keto
      PGF1 alpha formation, the latter, however, slowly recovering with time. The
      administration of nafazatrom to the animals did not influence the local TXB2
      changes, but partially prevented the decline of 6-keto PGF1 alpha with time. The
      antithrombotic properties of this drug thus could be related to protection of the
      endothelial cells from 'exhaustion'.

PMID- 6578797
TI  - Application of monoclonal antibodies to the characterization of cells eluted from
      human articular cartilage. Expression of Ia antigens in certain diseases and
      identification of an 85-kD cell surface molecule accumulated in the pericellular
      matrix.

PMID- 6578798
TI  - [Acute myelo-monocytic leukemia with collagenous medullary fibrosis and
      osteosclerotic lesions].
AB  - A case of acute myelo-monocytic leukemia (M4) in a 75 year old man with multiple
      osteosclerotic lesions is reported. Bone metastases were clinically and
      radiologically suspected. A surgical bone marrow biopsy at the iliac crest
      revealed a massive infiltrate of blasts with medullary fibrosis, large areas of
      osteosclerosis and foci of necrosis. Osteosclerosis is rarely observed during
      acute leukemias in adults. Differential diagnosis with acute myelofibrosis is
      discussed.

PMID- 6578799
TI  - [Amylo-1,6-glucosidase deficiency-glucogenosis (glycogen debranching enzyme).
      Report of a case with functional and histologic enzyme studies].

PMID- 6578801
TI  - [Effects of phenobarbital on the metabolism of ACNU in vivo].
AB  - The nitrosourea compounds are often used in the treatment of patients with
      malignant brain tumors in combination with anticonvulsants, such as phenobarbital
      (PB). Since PB can induce hepatic microsomal enzyme--P 450 and degrade
      nitrosoureas in vivo, the effect of PB on tumoricidal activity in relation to
      toxicity of 3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)-methyl]-1-(2-chloroethyl)-1
      nitrosourea (ACNU) was studied using a rat brain tumor model. To determine
      toxicity, CD-Fisher rats were treated for 4 days with 19 and 38 mg/kg/day of PB
      (i.m), 0.4 and 0.7 g/kg/day of sodium valproate--SV (p.o), or 3 days with 50
      mg/kg of phenytoin (i.v) prior to an administration of 47 mg/kg of ACNU (i.p).
      The mortality rate by the toxicity within 14 days after administration of ACNU
      was calculated in each group. The toxicity of ACNU was markedly reduced in PB
      pretreated rats compared with those without pretreatment or treated with SV or
      phenytoin. The tumoricidal activity of ACNU was evaluated in CD-Fisher rats with
      RG 12 brain tumors. Rats received 20 mg/kg ACNU after pretreatment with 19
      mg/kg/day of PB (i.m) or 0.2 g/kg/day of SV (p.o) for 4 days. The mean survival
      days and the percentage increase in life span (%ILS) were compared in each group.
      Pretreatment with PB significantly reduced the tumoricidal activity of ACNU as
      compared with control without pretreatment (p less than 0.001) or pretreatment
      with SV (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6578800
TI  - [New contributions on extinction tests of essential headache. II. The test with
      indoprofen].
AB  - The authors described the results about the action of indoprofen (i.v. 400 mg) in
      three subjects affected by premenstrual migraine. They showed decreased levels of
      PGF2 alpha in the cerebrospinal fluid evaluated by gas-chromatography and mass
      spectrometry. The samples were extracted at 0, 15, 30 and 45 minutes. The levels
      of pain, was also decreased, they were evaluated by the analogic visual scale
      (V.A.S.).

PMID- 6578802
TI  - Social skills and dentistry.

PMID- 6578803
TI  - Day case dental anesthesia.

PMID- 6578804
TI  - Covert caries detection.

PMID- 6578805
TI  - General anesthesia and sedation.

PMID- 6578806
TI  - Product licensing and dental materials.

PMID- 6578807
TI  - Contact dermatitis and cervical headgear.

PMID- 6578808
TI  - Diet and the fall in caries prevalence.

PMID- 6578809
TI  - Do-it-yourself extraction of mandibular premolar with a bath plug.

PMID- 6578810
TI  - Facial fractures and seat belts.

PMID- 6578811
TI  - Union action?

PMID- 6578812
TI  - Devising retention for maxillary obturators.

PMID- 6578813
TI  - The use of physiotherapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders.

PMID- 6578814
TI  - Oral leukoplakia and cryotherapy.

PMID- 6578815
TI  - Megadontism associated with traumatic loss of a permanent central incisor. A rare
      coincidence.

PMID- 6578816
TI  - Cherubism with serial stereophotogrammetric assessment.

PMID- 6578817
TI  - Improving British orthodontic services.

PMID- 6578818
TI  - Attitudes of dental hygienists.

PMID- 6578819
TI  - Effects of root canal irrigants.

PMID- 6578820
TI  - Improving British orthodontic services.

PMID- 6578821
TI  - The histopathology of enamel caries in young and old permanent teeth.

PMID- 6578822
TI  - Changes in the dental health of Salford secondary school children over six years.

PMID- 6578823
TI  - Dental health in old age.

PMID- 6578824
TI  - British undergraduate orthodontic teaching 1951-1981. A report by the Association
      of University Teachers of Orthodontics.

PMID- 6578825
TI  - A new valveless all-purpose ventilator. Description and laboratory evaluation.
AB  - A ventilator, of new design, is described which has been evaluated on a lung
      model and in animals. It is simple, versatile, inexpensive and easy to sterilize.
      A single breathing tube is used in which the respiratory gas is introduced near
      the patient's airway while a jet in a more distal part of the tube drives the
      respiratory gas into the patient's lungs. Provided the internal volume between
      the respiratory gas inlet and the driving jet is at least one tidal volume, the
      driving gas does not take part in respiratory gas exchange. During controlled
      ventilation only normal ventilation volumes of respiratory fresh gas are required
      during both normal and high frequency ventilation. It can be used for any age
      group with any desired respiratory gas, and is suitable for use in the operating
      theatre and the intensive care unit. As there are no valves in the breathing
      system, which is open to the atmosphere at all times, complicated systems for
      synchronizing the machine with spontaneous breathing are not required. PEEP,
      NEEP, CPAP and IMV are applied easily.

PMID- 6578826
TI  - A new valveless all-purpose ventilator. Clinical evaluation.
AB  - Preliminary clinical evaluation of a new ventilator, which embodies a new
      valveless design principle and a circuit which is open to atmosphere, has been
      performed on adult patients undergoing surgery. Using normal respiratory fresh
      gas flows (100 ml kg-1 min-1) PaCO2 and PaO2 were the same as with a conventional
      ventilator. High frequency ventilation (HFV) up to 100 b.p.m. caused no
      statistically significant changes in PaCO2 and PaO2. The peak airway pressures
      were 30% less than with a Manley ventilator and decreased by a further 40% during
      HFV, PEEP, NEEP, CPAP and IMV were easily applied.

PMID- 6578827
TI  - Alcoholism and the involvement of psychiatry.

PMID- 6578828
TI  - Alcohol dependence and responsivity to an ethanol stimulus as predictors of
      alcohol consumption.

PMID- 6578829
TI  - An instrument for measuring coping behaviours in hospitalized alcoholics:
      implications for relapse prevention treatment.

PMID- 6578830
TI  - Management problems in a small hostel with a controlled drinking programme.

PMID- 6578831
TI  - Increasing alcohol consumption correlated with hospital admission rates.

PMID- 6578832
TI  - Behavioural patterns of alcohol use among young adults in Britain and Zimbabwe.

PMID- 6578833
TI  - Natural history of male alcoholism V: is alcoholism the cart or the horse to
      sociopathy?

PMID- 6578834
TI  - Childhood leukaemia: a relationship between intracellular 6-mercaptopurine
      metabolites and neutropenia.
AB  - 6-Mercaptopurine is extensively used in the treatment of childhood lymphoblastic
      leukaemia to prolong the duration of remission achieved with other drugs. The
      response to remission maintenance therapy varies widely. We investigated the
      relationship between red blood cell 6-thioguanine nucleotide, a metabolite of 6
      mercaptopurine, and myelosuppression in 22 children with acute lymphoblastic
      leukaemia in remission. The peripheral neutrophil count was used as an index of
      myelosuppression. 6-Mercaptopurine dose was related to 6-thioguanine nucleotide
      concentration (r = 0.4; P less than 0.001; n = 90; y = 18.51 + 0.36 x). Large
      individual variations around the regression line are observed. Neither 6
      mercaptopurine dose nor 6-thioguanine nucleotide concentration was related to the
      neutrophil count at the time of sampling (day 0) or 7 days later. Both 6
      mercaptopurine dose and 6-thioguanine nucleotide concentration correlated with
      the neutrophil count at day 14 (r = -0.33; P less than 0.01; n = 90 and r = -0.3;
      P less than 0.01; n = 90 respectively). This delay is compatible with a cytotoxic
      action on bone marrow stem cells. Excluding children with other, uncontrolled,
      potentially myelosuppressive influences the correlation between 6-thioguanine
      nucleotide concentration and neutropenia improved (r = -0.6; P less than 0.001; n
      = 37). A significant degree of neutropenia was observed by day 14 if the 6
      thioguanine nucleotide concentration (day 0) was greater than 210 pmol/8 X 10(8)
      RBCs. The assay of 6-thioguanine nucleotide may highlight those individuals with
      pharmacokinetic resistance. Two children on continuous high dose 6
      mercaptopurine, had low red blood cell 6-thioguanine nucleotide concentrations
      and neutropenia was not observed.

PMID- 6578836
TI  - Pulsatile cutaneous haemorrhage in Paget's disease of the bone.

PMID- 6578837
TI  - Quantitation of chemosensitivity in acute myelocytic leukaemia.
AB  - A system for the prediction of clinical response in acute myelocytic leukaemia
      (AML), based on inhibition of growth of colony forming cells (CFC) was studied.
      If the product of initial drug concentration and time of exposure (C X T) was
      constant, the response to adriamycin (Adr) was constant, at T values less than 48
      h. No constancy of response to the phase-specific agents cytosine arabinoside
      (Ara-C) and 6-thioguanine (6TG) was demonstrated with constant C X T (T value
      range 0.25-48 h). Hence in the predictive test, a 1 h incubation with Adr was
      employed whilst a continuous exposure to Ara-C and 6TG, with these drugs
      incorporated in the agar medium, was used. The in vitro sensitivity to Adr, Ara-C
      and 6TG of 19 AML patients and the predictive value of several parameters of
      sensitivity were evaluated. 6TG sensitivity was not useful for prediction of
      remission. Adr sensitivity in vitro made a greater contribution to prediction of
      remission than did Ara-C sensitivity. Seventy-nine percent of patients were
      correctly classified if Adr data alone were considered. A multivariate function
      including Adr and Ara-C results was obtained which resulted in 84% of patients
      correctly classified as sensitive or resistant to the agents received in
      remission-induction therapy.

PMID- 6578838
TI  - The prevalence of enterococci in the dental plaque of chronic hospital patients.
AB  - Enterococci have caused 2 of 3 reported cases of infective endocarditis following
      dental treatment of patients receiving haemodialysis. Since this could indicate
      an increased carriage rate of enterococci in the mouths of such patients, the
      prevalence of enterococci in dental plaque was compared in four groups of
      subjects, chronic dialysis patients, chronic cardiac patients, medical staff and
      dental hospital out-patients. The isolation of enterococci was significantly
      increased in both chronic patient groups and this may be related to their greater
      exposure to antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 6578839
TI  - Bilateral parotid gland aplasia.
AB  - Bilateral parotid gland aplasia is a cause of xerostomia. A case is presented in
      which the clinical diagnosis was confirmed with the use of 99mTcO-4 salivary
      gland scintiscanning and computerised tomography. The literature of this rare
      condition is reviewed and significance to the patient discussed.

PMID- 6578835
TI  - Interaction of bemetizide and indomethacin in the kidney.
AB  - The effect of a single oral dose of 25 mg bemetizide on renal function without
      and with concomitant administration of the prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor
      indomethacin was investigated in ten healthy volunteers during sustained water
      diuresis. Bemetizide induced a significant increase in urinary sodium and
      chloride excretion from 196 +/- 30 and 163 +/- 28 mumol/min to 690 +/- 54 and 537
      +/- 51 mumol/min (P less than 0.01). This effect occurred in the absence of
      changes in glomerular filtration rate, urinary excretion of phosphate or the
      delivery of chloride beyond the proximal nephron to the distal tubules (distal
      delivery) [(CH2O + CCl)/GFR . 100], but was associated with a significant
      decrease in distal fractional chloride absorption (DFACl) [CH2O/(CH2O + CCl)]
      from 0.84 +/- 0.02 to 0.63 +/- 0.02 (P less than 0.01). Bemetizide also increased
      urinary excretion of prostaglandin (PG) E2. Concomitant indomethacin
      administration significantly suppressed urinary excretion of PGE2 and markedly
      decreased urinary excretion of sodium and chloride during control and following
      bemetizide administration. Indomethacin had no effect on glomerular filtration
      rate, urinary excretion of phosphate, distal delivery or the urinary excretion of
      bemetizide but significantly increased DFACl both during control and after
      bemetizide administration. Our results show that bemetizide as a thiazide
      diuretic acts in the diluting segments of the nephron. Indomethacin
      administration induces retention of sodium and chloride and blunts the renal
      effects of bemetizide via increased absorption in the diluting segments. The
      interaction of both drugs most likely represents a pharmacodynamic interaction.

PMID- 6578840
TI  - Root resorption associated with autotransplanted maxillary canine teeth.
AB  - A brief review of the published results of autotransplanting maxillary canine
      teeth has been presented together with the results of a prospective study in
      which 141 maxillary canine teeth were surgically repositioned in 113 patients,
      but not root-treated unless resorption occurred. Attention was given to assessing
      factors (age, sex, tooth positions, surgical difficulty, time out of mouth, acute
      infection, periodontal disease, caries, occlusion, formation of lamina dura)
      associated with root resorption of the transplanted teeth but no particular
      factor of significance emerged. It has been speculated that early post-operative
      root canal treatment and/or a two-stage technique might reduce the incidence of
      root resorption of autotransplanted teeth.

PMID- 6578841
TI  - Immunoglobulin producing cells in human periapical granulomas.
AB  - Ten cases of periapical granuloma were stained for igG, IgA, IgM, IgD and IgE by
      the unlabelled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex method to investigate
      the class distribution of plasma cells within the lesions. The results indicated
      that IgG containing plasma cells predominated in all lesions and that IgG, IgA,
      IgM, IgE and IgD cells represented 81.9, 11.4, 5.4, 1.1 and 0.2 per cent
      respectively, of the total positive cell population. All specimens contained IgE
      plasma cells in addition to many non-lymphoid cells showing membrane-like
      staining for IgE. The results suggest that in addition to tissue damage via local
      deposition of immune complexes IgE mediated immediate hypersensitivity reactions
      may have a role in pathogenesis.

PMID- 6578842
TI  - Traumatic neuroma following sagittal split mandibular osteotomy.
AB  - A 23-year-old female patient had a sagittal split mandibular osteotomy performed
      to correct prognathism. Two years after surgery she developed pain in the
      distribution of the right inferior dental and mental nerves. The area was
      investigated surgically and a traumatic neuroma was excised.

PMID- 6578843
TI  - Acute orbital cellulitis: a multidisciplinary emergency.
AB  - A case of acute orbital cellulitis in an adolescent girl is reported and compared
      with ten cases treated in the same hospital in recent years. The clinical
      features and stages of orbital cellulitis and its differentiation from cavernous
      sinus thrombophlebitis is discussed. Although these complications are nowadays
      rare with modern chemotherapy and antibiotics, they may still occasionally result
      in blindness and death. (Duke-Elder et al., 1974).

PMID- 6578844
TI  - The trans-nasal Kirschner wire as a method of fixation of the unstable fracture
      of the zygomatic complex.
AB  - A technique for the fixation of the unstable zygomatic complex is described and
      compared with other methods currently available.

PMID- 6578845
TI  - Evaluation of metacarpal bone plates in the mandibular fracture.
AB  - Of 1587 mandibular fractures, 75 (4.7 per cent) were treated by open reduction
      with metacarpal bone plates. The plated fractures were reviewed and evaluated for
      failure. Seventeen plates of the 96 placed were removed (17.7 per cent).
      Infection was the major cause of failure (9.4 per cent). Operator error played a
      role in the failure of eight out of 17 plates (47.1 per cent). Various aspects
      were studied in order to find the significant factors present, and these are
      discussed.

PMID- 6578846
TI  - Benign conditions of the temporomandibular joint: a diagnostic dilemma.
AB  - The diagnosis of certain benign conditions affecting the condyle in the
      temporomandibular joint can be difficult. A spectrum of osteomas, condylar
      hyperplasia and synovial chondromatosis can all present the same clinical and
      radiological picture, while the histological appearance may be difficult to
      interpret and are often misleading. Trauma, local infection or surgery may play a
      part in the development of these pathologies. A case is reported which clearly
      illustrates the difficulties of diagnosis of these benign conditions.

PMID- 6578847
TI  - Oro-nasal fistula occurring after a simple dental extraction.
AB  - A case is presented of an oro-nasal fistula appearing after a simple dental
      extraction. A conservative approach resulted in complete and uncomplicated
      resolution.

PMID- 6578848
TI  - Properties of a human lymphoblast AP-endonuclease associated with activity for
      DNA damaged by ultraviolet light, gamma-rays, or osmium tetroxide.
AB  - An endonuclease activity for UV-irradiated DNA, gamma-irradiated DNA, and OsO4
      treated DNA that was partially purified from human lymphoblasts was found to have
      associated with it an endonuclease activity for partially depurinated DNA. When
      this apurinic endonuclease (Endo A) was characterized and compared with the
      cells' major apurinic endonuclease (Endo B), several notable differences were
      observed. (1) Endo A bound to oxidized DNA-Sepharose under conditions where Endo
      B did not. (2) Endo A did not require Mg2+, retaining full activity in 10 mM
      ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, while Endo B showed an absolute requirement for
      Mg2+. (3) Whereas the nicks made in depurinated DNA by Endo B were efficient
      priming sites for Escherichia coli polymerase I, those made by Endo A were not.
      Further characterization of the nicks indicated that Endo A incises depurinated
      DNA 3' to apurinic sites, leaving 3'-terminal deoxyribose, a poor priming site
      for DNA synthesis. Endo A action on UV-irradiated DNA produced nicks that
      resembled those it made in depurinated DNA, suggesting that the UV endonuclease
      activity acts through an apurinic/apyrimidinic site intermediate.

PMID- 6578850
TI  - Endometrial prostaglandin E2 binding: characterization in rats sensitized for the
      decidual cell reaction and changes during pseudopregnancy.
AB  - As an initial step in testing the hypothesis that uterine receptivity for
      blastocyst implantation and sensitivity for decidualization are controlled in
      part by the presence of functional receptors for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the
      endometrium, we have characterized the high-affinity binding of [3H]PGE2 to an
      endometrial membrane preparation from ovariectomized rats treated with
      progesterone and estradiol so that their uteri were sensitized for the decidual
      cell reaction. As determined by Scatchard analysis, a single class of [3H]PGE2
      binding sites with an apparent Kd ranging from 2 to 6 nM and a capacity of
      approximately 100 fmol/mg protein was found. Prostaglandins E1 and E2 competed
      equally for binding while relative cross-reactivity of other prostanoids and
      compounds tested was less than 3%. Binding was temperature-dependent and
      reversible. Under the assay conditions used, no metabolism of [3H]PGE2 was
      detectable. Pretreatment of the membrane preparation with proteolytic enzymes, or
      by heating, reduced subsequent specific [3H]PGE2 binding. These data are
      consistent with the presence of endometrial PGE receptors in the sensitized
      endometrium. The binding of [3H]PGE2 to endometrial membrane preparations from
      rats on Days 2 to 7 pseudopregnancy was determined. No specific binding could be
      detected on Day 2. A low binding capacity was found on Days 3 and 4; this
      increased markedly on Day 5 and reached a maximum on Day 6. These data indicate
      that the onset of uterine receptivity/sensitivity is temporally correlated with
      the appearance of endometrial PGE binding sites.

PMID- 6578849
TI  - Analysis of prostaglandins formed from endogenous and exogenous arachidonic acid
      in homogenates of human reproductive tissues.
AB  - Isotope-labelled arachidonic acid has been used to study in vitro formation of
      prostaglandins and other products in mammalian tissue. Quantitative conclusions
      about cyclooxygenase activity have been drawn from such studies. However,
      arachidonic acid is present in all tissues, free and esterified, and therefore it
      can be expected that endogenous arachidonate would interfere with transformation
      of the radioactive exogenous substrate. (1-14C)-labelled arachidonate was,
      therefore, incubated with homogenates of various human tissues (amnion, chrorion,
      placenta and myometrium), and the two molecular forms, 12C and 14C, of
      arachidonic acid as well as of prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F2 alpha were
      quantitated, before and after 30 min of incubation, using gas chromatography-mass
      spectrometry with multiple ion detection. The results demonstrate a substantial
      release of arachidonic acid into the medium during incubation. There was no
      correlation between either the initial concentration of [12C]arachidonic acid and
      initial concentration of [12C]prostaglandin E2 or the percent increase of those
      compounds during incubation. The net formation of [12C]prostaglandin E2 and
      [14C]prostaglandin E2 from endogenous and exogenous precursor, respectively, were
      also very different. The study shows that by simply incubating (1-14C)-labelled
      arachidonic acid in tissue homogenates and measuring the amount of radioactivity
      transformed into various prostaglandins only qualitative conclusions can be
      drawn.

PMID- 6578851
TI  - Endometrial prostaglandin E2 binding during the estrous cycle and its hormonal
      control in ovariectomized rats.
AB  - Binding of [3H] prostaglandin E2 ([3H]PGE2) to endometrial membrane preparations
      obtained from rats at known stages of the estrous cycle and from ovariectomized
      rats treated with various combinations of progesterone and estradiol was
      determined. No specific, high-affinity binding of [3H]PGE2 could be detected by
      endometrial membrane preparations obtained throughout the estrous cycle. In
      ovariectomized rats treated with progesterone and estradiol to induce either the
      neutral, receptive or postreceptive phase of the endometrium for blastocyst
      implantation, the greatest concentration of endometrial PGE binding sites was
      found in the preparations from the neutral phase. Treatment of ovariectomized
      animals with estradiol and progesterone, alone or combined, revealed that
      endometrial PGE binding sites were progesterone-dependent, and were first
      detectable 48 h after the initiation of progesterone treatment. Following
      separation of the endometrial luminal epithelium and stroma in progesterone
      treated ovariectomized rats, PGE binding sites were detected only in the stromal
      membrane preparation. The results indicate the endometrial PGE binding sites in
      the rat are under hormonal control and that no simple relationship exists between
      the concentration of endometrial binding sites and uterine sensitization for the
      decidual cell reaction.

PMID- 6578852
TI  - Uterine and placental prostaglandins and their modulation of oxytocin sensitivity
      and contractility in the parturient uterus.
AB  - The parturient uterus develops a markedly enhanced sensitivity to the uterotonic
      action of oxytocin (OT). The mechanism leading to this enhanced OT sensitivity is
      not known. Our previous work suggested that prostaglandins (PGs) may be involved.
      To define the relationship between OT sensitivity and uterine PG production, we
      measured uterine sensitivity to OT by a quantitative dose-response procedure in
      rats on Days 19, 20, 21 and 22 of pregnancy and monitored uterine and placental
      tissue concentrations of PGF2 alpha and PGE2. In addition, we determined the
      effects of inhibition of endogenous PG synthesis on OT sensitivity and uterine
      contractility. We found that both OT sensitivity and spontaneous contractility
      are positively related to uterine PGF2 alpha production. An abrupt increase in OT
      sensitivity was observed on Days 21 and 22 of pregnancy. The increase in OT
      sensitivity was coincidental with the marked increase in PGF2 alpha production in
      the uterus on Days 21 and 22 of pregnancy. Suppression of in vivo PG synthesis
      caused a reduction in both spontaneous uterine contractility and OT-induced
      contractions. Uterine PGE2 concentrations and release were 3-5 times lower than
      PGF2 alpha. There were no significant fluctuations of uterine PGE2 concentration
      measured on these last 4 days of gestation. Placental PG levels were also found
      not to be related to uterine contractility. Placental PGE2 levels were higher
      than PGF2 alpha and may play a regulatory role in placental perfusion. However,
      placental PGs did not vary with gestational age.

PMID- 6578853
TI  - Electroimmunoassay. A new competitive protein-binding assay using antibody
      sensitive electrodes.
AB  - A novel technique is reported in which an antibody-sensitive electrode for anti
      prostaglandin E2 antisera was used to measure solution-phase PGE2 in nanomolar
      quantities. The electrode was constructed by incorporating a cation-selective
      ionophore-hapten (PGE2) conjugate into a polyvinyl chloride membrane.
      Transmembrane potential in a fixed potassium gradient was measured. The addition
      of anti-PGE2 antisera changed membrane potential in a concentration-dependent
      manner. The effect of anti-PGE2 antibodies on membrane potential was decreased by
      adding free PGE2 to the buffer-containing antisera. With this technique a
      competitive protein-binding assay was developed, and standard curves for solution
      phase PGE2 were generated over a concentration range of 1 to 1,000 nM. The assay
      was relatively specific for PGE2; PGD2 and PGF2a had only minor effects on
      transmembrane potential over the effective concentration range for PGE2.

PMID- 6578854
TI  - The ribosomal proteins phosphorylated in vitro by protein kinase activities from
      Krebs II ascites cells.
AB  - Studies were performed to identify in cytoplasmic extracts of Krebs II ascites
      cells protein kinase activities that might be responsible for the phosphorylation
      of the ribosomal proteins previously identified as phosphoproteins in these cells
      in vivo. Column chromatography resolved a casein kinase activity that could use
      ATP or GTP as a phosphoryl donor to phosphorylate, in ribosomes, exclusively the
      acidic 60S phosphoprotein(s) phosphorylated in vivo. A second casein kinase
      fraction could use ATP, only, in a similar reaction, but also contained protein
      kinase activity with respect to other ribosomal proteins, including the basic
      ribosomal protein phosphorylated in vivo, ribosomal protein S6. This latter was
      also among several proteins phosphorylated by an activity in the cyclic AMP
      independent histone kinase fraction.

PMID- 6578855
TI  - [Derivation of a mutant (HPRT-) cell line based on K-562 human
      erythromyeloleukemia].
AB  - A mutant (HPRT-) cell line was obtained by a series of passages in the medium
      with 8-azaguanine on the basis of human erythromyeloleukemia K-562 cells. Rapid
      total death of the cells in a selective medium containing hypoxanthine,
      aminopterine and thymidine (3 to 4 passages) supported the deficiency as regards
      hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase. Preliminary experiments aimed at
      cytotoxicity studies demonstrated that the new mutant cell line lost the
      property, common to the parent K-562 line, of being sensitive to the attack of
      natural killers.

PMID- 6578856
TI  - In vivo modulation of murine myelopoiesis following intravenous administration of
      prostaglandin E2.
AB  - The effects of in vivo administration of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on several
      hematologic parameters were investigated in intact mice under both steady-state
      conditions and in mice hematopoietically rebounding following a sublethal
      injection of cyclophosphamide. Intravenous injection of native PGE2, or 16,16
      dimethyl-PGE2, an enzymatically stable analog of PGE2, resulted in the
      significant suppression of nucleated bone marrow and splenic cellularity, total
      resident nucleated peritoneal cells, and the absolute number of detectable
      granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM) per femur or spleen when
      administered for 3 or 7 consecutive days. The in vivo effects of 16,16 dimethyl
      PGE2 were more pronounced on the cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Dose titration
      analysis of the effects of 16,16 dimethyl-PGE2 revealed significant suppression
      of hematologic parameters over a concentration range of 10 micrograms-10(-5)
      micrograms/mouse/day (10(-5) M-10(-11) M). The reduction in total nucleated
      marrow, splenic, and peritoneal cellularity observed following PGE2
      administration resulted from a selective effect on nonspecific esterase-positive
      cells. In situ morphological analysis of the progeny of CFU-GM proliferating in
      cultures established from mice treated with PGE2 in vivo indicated that the
      reduction in absolute CFU-GM observed resulted from a preferential effect on
      those colony-forming cells restricted to monocyte-macrophage differentiation.
      Prostaglandin F2 alpha was without stimulatory or inhibitory effects in vivo on
      the hematopoietic parameters investigated.

PMID- 6578857
TI  - Canine bronchoalveolar cells: antigen-presenting macrophages are Ia-positive,
      lymphocytes are of non-B lineage.
AB  - Subsegmental bronchoalveolar lavages were performed in 18 healthy beagles. The
      average yield per lavage was 45 X 10(6) cells consisting on the average of 24%
      lymphocytes, 71% macrophages, and 4% granulocytes. Cells were further examined in
      cytofluorometric studies using monoclonal (anti-Ia, antilymphocyte, anti-T) and
      polyspecific (anti-Ig) antibodies. Sixty to 90% of lymphocytes were T cells as
      determined by the T cell antibody DT-2. No surface immunoglobulin-positive cells
      (B cells) could be detected. All macrophages expressed Ia antigens (p 29/34)
      whereas lymphocytes did not. In assays of concanavalin A-induced blastogenesis of
      thymocytes, alveolar macrophages functioned as accessory cells. The anti-Ia
      antibody 7.2 interfered with this function, indicating that Ia antigens on canine
      alveolar macrophages are involved in interaction with T cells resulting in T cell
      proliferation.

PMID- 6578859
TI  - Remarks to the annual stated meeting of the New York Academy of Medicine.

PMID- 6578858
TI  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia hand-mirror cells. Study of nine cases.
AB  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with hand-mirror cells (HMC) was diagnosed in nine
      adult patients. Blast HMC were seen only in the bone marrow (12-57% range).
      Cytochemical studies revealed a positive reaction to tartrate-sensitive acid
      phosphatase in the tail portion of the cells in seven cases, with a strong,
      localized cytoplasmic reaction in four. Leukemic cells lacked surface
      immunoglobulins and were E rosette negative in all cases. Normal levels of
      adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) were found in five of the seven patients.
      Electron microscope studies confirmed the hand-mirror shape of the cell. These
      HMC contained large numbers of mitochondria and microspikes in the handle portion
      of the cell. The patients failed to respond to initial conventional ALL
      chemotherapy, but the prolonged survival with passable health of the majority of
      these, despite their lack of complete remission, is emphasized.

PMID- 6578860
TI  - A short review of perinatal pharmacology.

PMID- 6578861
TI  - Pemoline induced chorea and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6578862
TI  - Prostaglandins and acute pancreatitis--experimental and clinical studies.
AB  - Acute pancreatitis has a mortality of 10-20 per cent, and in cases of acute
      haemorrhagic pancreatitis this rises to 80-90 per cent. At present there is no
      reliable treatment for this condition. Based on the hypothesis that the release
      locally and systemically of the intracellularly activated pancreatic digestive
      enzymes is due to cell membrane instability, we have studied the cytoprotective
      (cell membrane stabilizing) role of prostaglandins in this condition. In the
      first part of this study, an animal model of acute pancreatitis with a mortality
      of 100 per cent by 14 days has been established by feeding mice a choline
      deficient ethionine supplemented diet. Using this model we have demonstrated
      improved survival (16 out of 50 survived 14 days or longer) by administering
      prostaglandin E2 subcutaneously (P less than 0 X 02). We have demonstrated that
      the improved survival is dose-dependent, in the range 2 X 5-5 X 0 mg/kg body
      weight 8 hourly (P less than 0 X 02) and time-dependent, still being effective if
      treatment is delayed for 24 h (P less than 0 X 02). Great emphasis has been
      placed on not commencing treatment until after the induction of acute
      pancreatitis. In the second part we have used cell membrane marker enzymes to
      study the cell membrane stabilizing effect of prostaglandin E2 in the human. It
      has been demonstrated that cell membrane instability occurs. In 12 of 50 episodes
      treated by prostaglandin E2 infusion, the lysosomal, mitochondrial and cell
      membranes are stabilized, thus decreasing the release of intracellular enzymes.

PMID- 6578863
TI  - A case report of pathological rule-governed syllable intrusion.
AB  - A detailed analysis of a unique speech disturbance, marked by the frequent
      appearance in the speech stream of a meaningless intrusive syllable, is
      presented. Following a lengthy thoracic surgery, an American English speaking
      patient began to speak with non-English prosodic patterns, which evolved to a
      conspicuous intrusion in his speech of the syllable /sis/. This syllable and its
      variants were attached to words in a manner which conformed to the regular
      phonological rules in English (for formation of plural, possessive, and third
      person singular morphemes). The distribution and frequency of the intrusive
      syllable are described, and possible explanations for the abnormal occurrence of
      this particular syllable are discussed.

PMID- 6578864
TI  - Differential effects of morphine on noradrenaline release in brain regions of
      stressed and non-stressed rats.
AB  - Effects of morphine on noradrenaline (NA) turnover in the 8 brain regions were
      investigated in non-stressed and stressed rats. Morphine at 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg
      caused dose-dependent increases in levels of 3-methoxy-4
      hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol sulfate (MHPG-SO4), the major metabolite of brain NA,
      in the hypothalamus, amygdala, thalamus, hippocampus and midbrain and decreases
      in NA levels in the first 4 of these regions. In contrast to these enhancing
      effects of morphine on NA release in non-stressed rats, pretreatment with
      morphine at 6 mg/kg significantly attenuated immobilization-stress-induced
      increases in MHPG-SO4 levels in the above regions. The morphine effects in both
      states, non-stressed and stressed, were reversed by naloxone at 0.5 mg/kg and 5
      mg/kg in the hypothalamus, amygdala and thalamus. These neurochemical changes are
      apparently related to the distress-evoked hyperemotionality. Behavioral changes
      observed during the restraint stress such as struggling, vocalization and
      defecation were attenuated by morphine at 6 mg/kg and enhanced by naloxone at 5
      mg/kg, and this action of morphine was also reversed by naloxone at 5 mg/kg.
      These results suggest that morphine acts to attenuate stress-induced increases in
      NA release in the hypothalamus, amygdala and thalamus via opiate receptors,
      although the drug facilitates NA release in these regions in non-stressed rats.
      Together with previous findings that naloxone enhances stress-induced increases
      in NA release selectively in these regions, it is further suggested that
      endogenous opioids released during stress might act to inhibit NA release in
      these specific brain areas and that these decreased noradrenergic activities
      might be closely related to the relief of the distress-evoked hyperemotionality
      in animals.

PMID- 6578865
TI  - Treatment approaches in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
AB  - The neurological disorder Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is most often treated
      with the receptor blocker haloperidol, which also produces multiple side-effects,
      including the risk for tardive dyskinesia. In placebo control double-blind
      studies, two other neuroleptic drugs, fluphenazine and trifluoperazine, were
      found to be as efficaceous as haloperidol, but with fewer side-effects. In other
      studies, clonidine was shown to be equally efficaceous with haloperidol, but did
      not produce adverse central nervous system side-effects. To treat the
      extrapyramidal side-effects accompanying the treatment of Tourette syndrome with
      neuroleptic agents, amantadine and benztropine were compared in a crossover
      study. It was demonstrated that amantadine is a superior agent in treating the
      side effects of haloperidol treatment in Tourette syndrome. The use of lithium
      was without significant action upon lessening the tics of Tourette syndrome.

PMID- 6578866
TI  - A case of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome treated with clonazepam.
AB  - A case of a 13 year-old boy with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome is described.
      The patient favorable clinical responded to small daily doses of clonazepam.
      Improvement of the tics and the abnormal vocalization were observed.

PMID- 6578867
TI  - Veno-occlusive disease of the liver in children following chemotherapy for acute
      myelocytic leukemia.
AB  - Three children developed acute veno-occlusive disease of the liver following
      combination chemotherapy for acute myelocytic leukemia. The clinical presentation
      was similar in all three, with acute onset of hepatomegaly and thrombocytopenia
      in the absence of significant transaminasemia or icterus. In all three patients,
      radionuclide imaging with technetium-99m sulfur colloid showed
      hepatosplenomegaly, decreased liver uptake, and increased splenic activity. The
      results of liver biopsy established the diagnosis, revealing marked centrilobular
      congestion with hemorrhage into the spaces of Disse, atrophy of central hepatic
      cords, and edema of the walls of the central and sublobular veins. Each patient
      showed marked improvement following temporary cessation of chemotherapy. The
      diagnosis of veno-occlusive disease is suggested by the triad of: (1) clinical
      signs and symptoms; (2) scintigraphic findings; and (3) temporal relationship to
      chemotherapy.

PMID- 6578868
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma in the American black.
AB  - This clinicopathologic study of 100 American black patients with osteogenic
      sarcoma diagnosed and treated at this Medical Center from 1921-1979, inclusive,
      demonstrates a progressively increasing proportion of black patients admitted for
      this disease. The relative upsurge became especially pronounced in the 1970s. The
      ages of the patients ranged from 3 to 58 years (median, 16, mean 19.2 years). The
      age distribution shows that blacks, on the whole, are younger than whites when
      they develop these tumors, and this is particularly evident in the black girls.
      Skeletal locations for osteogenic sarcomas, in general, are similar in both
      races, except that the tibia and the fibula were involved significantly more
      frequently in the blacks while the humerus was afflicted less commonly. The
      clinical stage of disease on presentation, the duration of signs and symptoms,
      the histologic subclassification of the tumors, and the radiographic appearances
      closely matched in both races. The numbers of patients with Paget's sarcomas were
      also evenly distributed. Twenty-nine patients are currently alive with the 2-year
      and 5-year disease-free survival being 42% and 32%, respectively. There are no
      differences in the survival of black as compared to white patients, either for
      the entire duration of the study or for the period after 1974. The poorer
      prognosis of cancer in blacks does not apply to osteogenic sarcoma patients.

PMID- 6578869
TI  - Bone marrow necrosis preceding acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood.
AB  - Two patients who presented with bone marrow necrosis and eventually developed
      acute lymphocytic leukemia are reported, and similar cases in the literature are
      reviewed. Both patients responded to chemotherapy. Several possible mechanisms
      are discussed. Bone marrow necrosis appears to be another condition preceding
      acute lymphocytic leukemia in children.

PMID- 6578870
TI  - Disappearance of hypotetraploid clones after short-term culture of leukemic
      cells. A case report.
AB  - A case of M4-AML (acute monoblastic leukemia) is presented which was found to be
      hypotetraploid (79-80-? chromosomes per metaphase) with direct chromosome
      preparation while 24- and 48-hour cultures contained predominantly normal and
      some nonclonal hyperdiploid cells. This observation emphasizes the need for both
      direct and culture methods to disclose the true karyotype of leukemic cells.

PMID- 6578871
TI  - Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. LIII. Comprehensive
      cytogenetic analysis of an erythroleukemia.
AB  - A comprehensive cytogenetic analysis has been performed in a case of
      erythroleukemia (EL), M6 in the FAB classification. A bone marrow sample was
      shown to be characterized by an unusually high degree of polyploidy with the
      presence of a dominating hypotetraploid clone. G-banding analysis revealed
      extensive structural rearrangements involving chromosomes #1,#3,#12,#16,#17, and
      #21. The SCE frequency was higher in the cells of the dominant clone when
      compared to that of near-diploid, presumably nonmalignant cells. Cell cycle
      analysis revealed that the hypotetraploid cells progressed through the cell cycle
      much slower than did the near-diploid cells.

PMID- 6578873
TI  - Clinical evaluation of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin in patients with advanced
      malignant lymphoma.

PMID- 6578872
TI  - Acetate utilization and fatty acid metabolism in phorbol ester and dimethyl
      sulfoxide-differentiated human leukemia cells.
AB  - Cultured human promyelocytic leukemia cells were incubated with [1-14C]acetate to
      assess the predominant mode of fatty acid synthesis (de novo vs. chain
      elongation) in these cells and in chemically differentiated populations. 12-O
      Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) will induce
      differentiation of this leukemic cell line to macrophage- and granulocyte-like
      cells, respectively. Human peripheral and rat peritoneal macrophages were
      employed as controls for the TPA-induced counterpart. Labeling of the carbonyl
      carbon (C-1) was determined by Schmidt degradation and used to distinguish
      between chain elongation of pre-existing cellular fatty acids and de novo
      synthesis. Cultured leukemia cells and the TPA-derived macrophage only
      incorporated from 16% to 23% of the total radioactivity into the C-1 position,
      indicating an operable de novo pathway. Cells differentiated by exposure to DMSO
      displayed a preference for the chain elongation mechanism (89% 14C in C-1
      position) of fatty acid synthesis. Both rat peritoneal and human peripheral
      macrophages likewise incorporated greater than 80% of the radioactivity in the C
      1 position of the fatty acyl chains. Thus, DMSO-treated leukemia cells resemble
      normal differentiated cells, whereas phorbol ester-induced cells, in contrast,
      retain biochemical features of the undifferentiated cancer cell.

PMID- 6578874
TI  - Relapse of adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated with ifosfamide
      combination chemotherapy.

PMID- 6578875
TI  - Generation time of leukaemic blast progenitor cells.
AB  - Previous studies have indicated that the generation time of human leukaemic cells
      is longer than that of normal haematopoietic cells. We have employed a
      modification of the thymidine (TdR)-suicide technique to measure directly the
      generation time of leukaemic progenitor cells capable of colony formation. The
      results obtained with two human leukaemic cell lines (KG-1 and HL-60) and with
      blast progenitor cells from two patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia
      indicate generation times ranging from 9 X 0-22 X 0 hr and S-phase durations
      ranging from 5 X 5-8 X 0 hr. Using the same technique, the generation time of
      normal bone marrow CFU-c was determined to be 9-11 hr. These findings suggest
      that the proliferation rate of human leukaemic blast progenitor cells is similar
      to that of normal haematopoietic stem cells.

PMID- 6578876
TI  - Evidence for intrachromosomal gene conversion in cultured mouse cells.
AB  - In this report we present an experimental scheme that facilitates the study of
      homologous recombination between closely linked genes in cultured mammalian
      cells. Two different Xho I linker insertion mutants of the herpes simplex virus
      type 1 thymidine kinase (HTK) gene were introduced into mouse LTK- cells as
      direct repeats on a plasmid carrying a dominant selectable marker. Following
      stabilization of these sequences in the recipient cell, selection for TK+ was
      applied to detect recombinational events between different TK- genes. TK+
      segregants were observed at a frequency of 10(-4)-10(-5) in lines harboring both
      mutant genes. Control lines carrying only one type of mutant HTK gene yielded TK+
      cells at frequencies of 10(-7) or less. Physical analysis of the TK+ segregants
      has revealed the presence of an apparently normal HTK gene that is resistant to
      Xho l endonuclease digestion in each TK+ line examined. Analyses of the TK gene
      pairs before and after recombination suggest that at least 50% of the
      recombinants are the result of nonreciprocal exchanges of genetic information, or
      gene conversion events.

PMID- 6578877
TI  - [Cytochemical and immunological diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia of
      childhood].

PMID- 6578878
TI  - Chemical characterization of a blood group H type pentaglycosylceramide of human
      small intestine.
AB  - A blood group H type pentaglycosylceramide was isolated in relatively large
      amounts from human adult small intestine (52 mg from one individual) and human
      meconium (fetal origin). The structure was made likely by mass spectrometry and
      NMR spectroscopy of non-degraded permethylated and permethylated-LiAlH4-reduced
      glycolipid and by degradation to be Fuc alpha 1 leads to 2Gal beta 1 leads to
      3GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 3Gal beta 1 leads to 4Glc beta 1 leads to 1Cer. The
      ceramide was composed mainly of phytosphingosine and 2-hydroxy 16-24 carbon fatty
      acids. This novel type 1 chain species (Gal beta 1 leads to 3GlcNAc) was not
      accompanied by the type 2 chain isomer (Gal beta 1 leads to 4GlcNAc) which in
      contrast is the sole species in human erythrocyte and dog small intestine.

PMID- 6578879
TI  - [Permanent-wear soft lenses in the correction of aphakia in current daily
      practice].

PMID- 6578880
TI  - [Cytogenetic aspects in leukemias and malignant lymphoproliferative syndromes].

PMID- 6578881
TI  - Guanine ribonucleotide depletion in mammalian cells. A target of purine
      antimetabolites.
AB  - In a previous report we demonstrated in mouse lymphoma (S-49) cells that DNA
      synthesis inhibition resulting from guanine starvation is associated with GTP
      rather than dGTP depletion. Since several effective anticancer drugs act via
      guanine depletion, it is important to test whether critical GTP depletion is
      unique to S-49 cells or also occurs in other cell lines. Mycophenolic acid
      induced guanine starvation caused a drastic DNA synthesis inhibition in the human
      lymphoblastic T leukemia (CEM) and the mouse B leukemia (L1210) cell lines, which
      was again associated with GTP depletion rather than dGTP depletion. These results
      suggest that GTP depletion represents a common target of purine antimetabolites
      in mammalian cells.

PMID- 6578882
TI  - Antileukemic effect of alkyl phospholipids. I. Inhibition of proliferation and
      induction of differentiation of cultured myeloid leukemia cells by alkyl
      ethyleneglycophospholipids.
AB  - Various alkyl ethyleneglycophospholipids, i.e., alkyl phospholipids, with
      ethyleneglycol or its congener in place of glycerol as a molecular backcone, were
      synthesized and their effects on cell proliferation and differentiation of
      cultured human (HL-60) and mosue (Ml) myeloid leukemia cells were studied. On
      incubation with alkyl ethyleneglycophospholipids, proliferation of both cell
      lines was inhibited and the cells were induced to differentiate into
      morphologically and functionally mature granulocytes and macrophages. Among the
      compounds tested, dodecyl ethyleneglycophospholipid with a pyridinioethyl group
      was the most effective in induction of differentiation of both cell lines.

PMID- 6578883
TI  - Antileukemic effect of alkyl phospholipids. II. Prolongation of survival times of
      leukemic mice by alkyl ethyleneglycophospholipids.
AB  - Alkyl ethyleneglycophospholipids induced differentiation in vitro of mouse
      myeloid leukemia M1 cells into mature granulocytes and macrophages. The compounds
      also prolonged the survival of syngeneic SL mice inoculated with M1 cells.
      Although in mice with florid leukemia these compounds alone scarcely affected
      survival, administration of dodecyl ethyleneglycophospholipid with pyridinioethyl
      as a polar group plus actinomycin D significantly prolonged survival.

PMID- 6578884
TI  - Contract staffing firms: replacing the dentist as the employer.

PMID- 6578885
TI  - Laminate veneers: progress with problems of aesthetics.

PMID- 6578886
TI  - Proper hygiene eliminates mercury hazards.

PMID- 6578887
TI  - Paradental: proposing a new dental sub-specialty.

PMID- 6578888
TI  - Dental care keeps "normalcy" in their lives.

PMID- 6578889
TI  - Specific desensitization in 'aspirin-sensitive' urticaria; plasma prostaglandin
      levels and clinical manifestations.
AB  - Six out of eight patients with a history of aspirin-provoked urticaria/angioedema
      responded with adverse reactions, including urticaria and bronchospasm, to
      provoking doses of oral aspirin from 30-515 mg. The other two patients did not
      react to 1.2 g of aspirin on three occasions. Five of the six patients who had
      reacted became desensitized after their initial aspirin reaction, tolerating 650
      mg on the second day. They then took 650 mg day-1 of aspirin for three weeks,
      during which time the ingestion of foods which had previously caused a variety of
      moderate or severe reactions caused no symptoms. The resting plasma PGF2 alpha in
      ten 'aspirin-sensitive' urticaria patients (24.89 +/- 2.79 pg m-1) was
      significantly higher than the levels in ten normal subjects (6.75 +/- 1.1 pg ml
      1) (P less than 0.01). In the patient group the lowest levels of PGF2 alpha were
      found in the two patients who subsequently did not experience a positive reaction
      after aspirin provocation. The PGF2 alpha/PGE2 ratio in 'aspirin-sensitive'
      urticaria patients (1.83 +/- 0.026) was significantly higher than that in normal
      subjects (0.63 +/- 0.14) (P less than 0.01).

PMID- 6578890
TI  - An HLA-All association with the hemochromatosis allele?
AB  - Two hundred and seventy-four patients with hemochromatosis and 1005 controls were
      HLA-typed, and HLA haplotypes were determined for 163 patients and 123 controls.
      The increased frequency of antigen A3 and haplotypes A3, B7 and A3, B14 in
      patients with hemochromatosis was confirmed. After correction for the space taken
      up by A3, a significant increase in All was found. This increase could not be
      explained by cross reaction between A3 and All. All showed a phenotype
      association and a haplotype link with Bw35. The genetic significance of this
      increased All frequency is discussed.

PMID- 6578891
TI  - Bone resorption in osteogenic sarcoma. I. Release of calcium by tumor cells,
      normal fibroblasts, and macrophages.
AB  - The bone calcium resorption activities of three different types of cells that are
      present either within or in the vicinity of an osteogenic sarcoma tumor mass were
      examined: osteogenic sarcoma cells, normal fibroblasts, and macrophages. Release
      of calcium was measured in bone organ cultures in live and killed 45Ca-labeled
      fetal or newborn mouse long bones. The bone explants, tibiae and humeri, were co
      cultured with various numbers of effector cells in microwell plates. Cultured
      osteogenic sarcoma cells resorb calcium from both live and heat-devitalized bones
      in a cell-number-dependent manner. A reduced effect of the tumor cells on killed
      bone suggests that the release of calcium from living bone by tumor cells is
      mediated partially through stimulation of the endogenous bone-resorbing systems.
      Fibroblasts also resorb calcium both from live and killed bones but at a lower
      rate than osteogenic sarcoma cells. Peptone-elicited peritoneal macrophages are
      capable of sustaining calcium resorption from live bones as well as from bones
      devitalized by a mild nondenaturating method. Macrophages, however, failed to
      resorb calcium from heat-killed bones. The release of osseous calcium and bone
      damage associated with osteogenic sarcoma are manifestations of the resorbing
      properties and interactions among the tumor, bone, and host tumor infiltrating
      cells.

PMID- 6578892
TI  - A comparison of Tc-99m colloid labeled leukocytes and Ga-67 citrate for the
      disclosure of sepsis.

PMID- 6578893
TI  - Comparison of use of dental services by finnish immigrants and Swedes using
      national health statistics.
AB  - Dental statistics and treatment information collected by the National Social
      Insurance Board (NSIB) since the Dental Insurance Scheme was introduced in Sweden
      in 1974, give a unique opportunity to study the use of dental services by the
      adult population. Earlier studies showed that adult Finnish immigrants utilized
      dental services less, and had a greater need of dental care, than the Swedish
      population. The possible confounding effects of age and social class were not,
      however, controlled. The aim of this study was to compare use of dental services
      and dental treatment performed in matched groups of Finnish immigrants and Swedes
      using central statistics. All Finnish citizens between 17 and 64 yr old born on
      the 20th of any month and living in the county of Stockholm in 1975, altogether
      1378 persons, were selected from the population register. For each Finn a Swedish
      "social twin" was selected with respect to age, sex and occupation. Information
      about use of dental services and treatment performed during 1975 was collected
      from the patient register at the NSIB. The study showed that Finnish immigrants
      in 1975 visited a dentist less often than the corresponding Swedish group. Those
      Finnish immigrants who received treatment had had more comprehensive and more
      expensive care than the Swedish comparison group. The study shows that there were
      significant differences in use of dental services by and treatment performed on
      Finnish immigrants and Swedes even when differences in demographic and
      socioeconomic distribution were controlled.

PMID- 6578894
TI  - Effects of dental health care instruction on knowledge, attitude, behavior and
      fear.
AB  - A field experiment was done to assess the effects of two methods of dental health
      instruction on knowledge, attitude, reported behavior and fear. Subjects (n=108)
      were male and female inhabitants of Abcoude, a suburban Dutch village of about
      7000 inhabitants. There were three conditions, two experimental and one control.
      Subjects of experimental condition 1 were given a 30-min personal instruction on
      dental hygiene, subjects of experimental condition 2 received the same
      instruction preceded by a 10-min instructional film on dental hygiene. Subjects
      of the control condition received no instruction. Half of each group was
      pretested. All subjects were posttested 6-12 months after the dental health
      education. Mean postscores of control subjects were significantly lower than
      either mean postscores of condition 1 subjects (on attitude and three behavioral
      aspects) or mean postscores of condition 2 subjects(on knowledge, attitude and
      one behavioral aspect). There were no significant differences between the two
      experimental conditions or between the pretested and not-pretested groups.

PMID- 6578895
TI  - Dental X-ray exposure in a group of New Zealand children.
AB  - The New Zealand School Dental Service provides dental care for children 2 1/2-13
      yr of age, without using routine diagnostic radiographs. This study investigated
      the pattern of dental X-ray exposure in groups of New Zealand children. One group
      consisted of 100 children who had all treatment before the age of 13 years with
      the School Dental Service. The other group consisted of 82 children who were
      treated in the University of Otago School of Dentistry paedodontic programme.
      Children in both groups turned 13 years of age between 1977 and 1982. From age 13
      years these children were cared for by contracting dentists. Radiographic
      histories were recorded from School of Dentistry charts, and from the area
      Principal Dental Officer. Cumulative radiation doses were calculated. Surfaces
      restored at age 13 were noted from Department of Health records. Results show
      that by age 13 children enrolled in the School of Dentistry paedodontic programme
      received a mean cumulative skin dose of 23.03 mSv. Thyroid dose was 0.242 mSv.
      Children treated in the School Dental Service received a mean cumulative skin
      dose of 1.01 mSv and a thyroid dose of 0.006 mSv. Cumulative radiation dose for
      both groups was low. There was no significant difference in the mean number of
      restorations placed at age 13 years despite an extremely low level of diagnostic
      radiography in the School Dental Service group.

PMID- 6578896
TI  - Errors on dental bitewing radiographs.
AB  - The prevalence of common errors on posterior bitewing radiographs was assessed on
      2409 pairs of films collected from different public dental clinics in the county
      of Buskerud, Norway. Only 4.6% fulfilled the criteria for correct bitewing
      radiographs. Incorrect position of the film was found in 42.7%. Exposures with
      wrong horizontal angulation of the central beam constituted 10.6%, and
      under/overaxial exposures 2.2%, of the sample. Cone cutting occurred in 4.3%.
      Disturbing spots were found on most of the films (88.1%); 7.7% of the films had
      been insufficiently washed. Other errors due to wrong darkroom procedures or
      equipment failures were more rarely observed. The present study has shown that
      unnecessary errors, reducing the readability of bitewing radiographs, are
      frequently found. Steps should be taken to improve the standard of the
      radiographs used for diagnosis.

PMID- 6578897
TI  - A method to reduce interproximal overlapping and improve reproducibility of
      bitewing radiographs for use in clinical trials.
AB  - To improve the quality of bitewing radiographs a Bite Registration Technique
      (BRT) was developed by modifying a commercially available Rinn XCP Instrument.
      The modification involved using a rubber impression material to register the
      subject's bite so that the subsequent replacement of the instrument in the mouth
      was guided by the registration indentations. A total of 240 radiographs were
      analysed to determine the frequency and severity of the overlapping and the
      degree of deviation in the horizontal angulation between the subsequent films.
      Approximately half the films were taken with BRT and the other half were taken
      with the unaltered Rinn SCP Instrument (without BRT). Two radiographs were taken
      of each side of the mouth. Only 11.6% of the proximal surfaces had more than half
      the enamel overlapped 'with BRT' compared with 33% 'without BRT'. In addition,
      when using the BRT, the initial and the subsequent radiographs of each child were
      more alike than 'without BRT'. Ninety percent were virtually identical; the mean
      difference in width of the largest overlap between the two films was 0.11 mm. To
      check the validity of these findings, 100 radiographs from a previously published
      clinical trial which used similar aged children and also used a Rinn SCP
      Instrument (modified), were analysed used the same criteria. The results obtained
      were similar to the 'without BRT' results; 30% of the proximal surfaces had more
      than half the enamel overlapped. Improved accuracy allowed a narrower X-ray beam
      to be used, thus reducing patient irradiation. The use of the Bite Registration
      Technique is recommended when a high degree of diagnostic accuracy is desired in
      clinical trials involving primary dentitions.

PMID- 6578898
TI  - Capability of a national epidemiological survey to predict general dental service
      treatment.
AB  - The aim of this investigation was to examine the relationship between the dental
      status of tooth surfaces, as recorded during the 1978 Adult Dental Health Survey,
      and the treatment dental attenders subsequently received. A year after the
      survey, almost twice as many surfaces had been filled than were predicted on the
      basis of the survey. After 3 yr, this had risen to a 3.5-fold difference. Despite
      this, 59% of the restorative need identified by the survey criteria remained
      unmet by the end of the 1st yr; 46% was unmet by the end of the 3rd yr. A surface
      that received a filling for the first time was three times more likely to have
      been identified as in need of filling during the survey than a surface which was
      refilled. These findings cast doubt upon the usefulness of the epidemiological
      survey as a tool for predicting restorative treatment, and show that maintenance
      of previous fillings was particularly poorly forecast by the survey data.

PMID- 6578899
TI  - Oral health survey in Haitian and Hamburg children aged 12-15.
AB  - Oral hygiene, dental caries and periodontal diseases surveyed in 1743 children
      aged 12-15. Of these 879 of Black origin resided in Haiti (West Indies) and 864
      of White origin in Hamburg (West Germany). Oral hygiene was assessed using the
      Greene & Vermillion's OHI-S, periodontal status using Ramfjord's PDI and
      Muhlemann's SBI and the caries rate using the DMFT and DMFS indices. Boys of all
      age groups showed significantly poorer oral hygiene than girls. In the Hamburg
      children the mean OHI-S was 1.28, in Haitians 1.14. Periodontal diseases showed
      equal prevalence in Haiti and Hamburg when expressed in PDI, namely 0.59, while
      SBI was slightly higher in the Haitians, namely 2.58 against 2.21 in the Hamburg
      Children. Hamburg girls showed lower PDI and SBI scores than all boys and Haitian
      girls. Same degrees of OHI-S caused more severe periodontal diseases among
      Haitian than among German children. In general, scores of OHI-S, PDI and SBI
      increased with age except in Haitian girls, who showed a decrease. The DMFT and
      DMFS of the Haitian children averaged 3.65 and 4.80 respectively, and those of
      the Hamburg children 8.35 and 21.09.

PMID- 6578900
TI  - Dietary habits and oral hygiene as predictors of caries in 3-year-old children.
AB  - The value of defined levels of oral hygiene and dietary habits for predicting
      caries was investigated. The material comprised 143 3-yr-olds. Three levels of
      oral hygiene and dietary habits, respectively, were used. Oral hygiene was
      registered as gingival status. Dietary habits were recorded by interview. Two
      groups were then formed by pooling stepwise the caries data for the nine possible
      combinations of oral hygiene and dietary habits and setting the most
      discriminating border, screening level, where the properties sensitivity and
      specificity simultaneously reached their highest value. Children with clean
      teeth, irrespective of dietary habits, and children with suitable dietary habits,
      provided they did not have general gingivitis with bleeding, might be regarded as
      no caries risks, while children with other combinations of oral hygiene and
      dietary habits were caries risks. The difference in decayed surfaces between the
      two groups was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). The sensitivity was
      0.89 and the specificity 0.70. The predictive value of a negative test (0.91) was
      higher than that of a positive test (0.64).

PMID- 6578901
TI  - Primary dentition caries trends, 1976-1981, in four South African populations.
AB  - This paper is a comparison of cross-sectional data on dental caries in the
      primary dentition undertaken between 1976 and 1981 in the Transvaal Province,
      South Africa, on 690 rural Black, 1463 urban Black, 870 Indian and 1622 White
      children aged 2-5 yr. There was a decrease in percentage dental caries prevalence
      in the urban White children and an increase in the other three groups, the
      fastest rate being seen among urban Indian children. Similar trends were noted
      for mean dmft. Dental caries in incisor and canine teeth remained fairly static
      but caries in molar teeth increased in the groups of Black and Indian children
      and decreased in the White children. Ratios d/dmft, m/dmft and f/dmft indicated
      that minimal treatment was received by all the children.

PMID- 6578902
TI  - Edentulousness in the United Kingdom and Ireland.
AB  - Surveys of adult (16 yr and over) dental health were conducted in England/Wales
      and Scotland (n = 5967) and in Ireland (n = 1764) and Northern Ireland (n = 1176)
      in 1979. From the results of these surveys a comparison is made between levels of
      edentulousness, attendance patterns, attitude to loss of teeth and the wearing of
      full dentures. Scotland had the highest level of edentulousness (39%) and Ireland
      the lowest (26%). England/Wales had a level of 29% and Northern Ireland 33%. The
      percentage edentulous increased considerably ith age and females had a higher
      level of edentulousness than males. Regular attendance at the dentist was lowest
      in Ireland and in all countries there was a greater preference for filling rather
      than extraction of teeth. Levels of edentulousness do not appear to be directly
      related to any of the parameters investigated.

PMID- 6578903
TI  - Mesiodens and supernumerary central incisors.

PMID- 6578904
TI  - Dental amalgam: an update.

PMID- 6578905
TI  - Crown lengthening procedure. Part II. Treatment planning and surgical
      considerations.

PMID- 6578906
TI  - Reconstruction of deformed, partially edentulous ridges, using full thickness
      onlay grafts. Part I. Technique and wound healing.

PMID- 6578907
TI  - Advantages and disadvantages of three commonly used esthetic fixed retainers.

PMID- 6578908
TI  - Scuffing mercury-contaminated flooring: effects on the ambient air mercury levels
      in the dental office.

PMID- 6578909
TI  - [Gigantocellular tumors of the jaws in theory and practice].

PMID- 6578910
TI  - [Review of 15 years of reconstructive surgery of the nasal pyramid].

PMID- 6578911
TI  - [Oblique facial clefts].

PMID- 6578912
TI  - [Reconstruction of the thumb using a microsurgical approach].

PMID- 6578913
TI  - [2 alternative hypotheses of chi-square test for 2xk tables].

PMID- 6578914
TI  - [Transduction of strains of Bacillus thuringiensis serotype XIV].

PMID- 6578915
TI  - [Effect of a mixture of prostaglandin F2 epimers on the synchronization of
      estrous processes in mammals].

PMID- 6578916
TI  - Recent research on the role of the dental plaque microorganism Actinobacillus
      actinomycetemcomitans in the etiology of localized juvenile periodontitis.

PMID- 6578917
TI  - Perceived differences and distinguishing characteristics between two year and
      baccalaureate dental hygiene programs.

PMID- 6578918
TI  - Evaluation of a reinforced school-based dental health education program as
      provided by dental hygiene students.

PMID- 6578919
TI  - Influence of trait anxiety on self-grading.

PMID- 6578920
TI  - Predictors of dental hygienists career performance.

PMID- 6578921
TI  - An evaluation procedure for clinical assessment.

PMID- 6578922
TI  - A pilot study of noncognitive & cognitive variables as predictors of success
      among dental hygiene students.

PMID- 6578924
TI  - Incorporating the inquiry philosophy: an overview of the present.

PMID- 6578923
TI  - The extent of favorable dispositions towards the elderly--implications for
      planning learning experiences.

PMID- 6578925
TI  - Inquiry process: student criteria development.

PMID- 6578926
TI  - The inquiry philosophy: one faculty member's experience.

PMID- 6578927
TI  - Evolution of an inquiry philosophy of education at the University of Maryland.

PMID- 6578928
TI  - Structure of the Mo-Fe protein component of Azotobacter vinelandii nitrogenase.
      Analytical ultracentrifugation and electron microscopy studies.
AB  - The Mo-Fe protein of nitrogenase from both Azotobacter vinelandii and Klebsiella
      pneumoniae (Av1 and Kp1, respectively) consists of four subunits of similar, but
      not identical, relative molecular mass. The hydrodynamic properties of Av1
      (sedimentation and diffusion coefficient) and its total relative molecular mass
      are very similar to those of Kp1 and catalase from bovine liver, a tetramer of
      four identical subunits. By electron microscopy the Av1, Kp1 and catalase
      tetramers are seen as protein particles of diameter 9.0-10.0 nm; no details of
      the subunit structure can be observed. Av1 (but not Kp1) forms regular polymers
      of variable length at low ionic strength in the presence of MgCl2. The structure
      of these polymers, of diameter 21.2 nm, is complex. Optical diffraction studies
      give a smallest repeating distance of 8.4 nm (corresponding to the diameter of
      the Av1 tetramer) and indicate a four-start helix. The latter structure is
      incompatible with a flat, square subunit arrangement of the Av1 tetramer as
      proposed by Stasny et al. [(1974) J. Cell. Biol. 60, 311-316]. We propose,
      therefore, that the subunit arrangement of the Av1 tetramer is of the tetrahedral
      type. This has also been proposed for the catalase tetramer from optical
      diffraction studies of electron micrographs of catalase tubes indicating a 222
      symmetry [Kiselev, D. A., De Rosier, N. J. and Klug, A. (1968) J. Mol. Biol. 35,
      561-566]. Our proposal is in agreement with the recent finding that Av1 protein
      crystals belong to the P2(1) space group [Weiniger, M. S. and Mortenson, L. E.
      (1982) Proc. Natl Acad Sci. USA, 79, 378-380].

PMID- 6578929
TI  - Haematological findings in type Ib glycogen storage disease before and after
      portacaval shunt.
AB  - Persistent neutropenia and repeated respiratory infections were documented in a
      girl with glycogen storage disease type Ib. A termino-lateral portacaval shunt
      resulted in normalisation of the granulocyte counts and disappearance of the
      recurrent infections. The platelet dysfunction that was apparent before surgery,
      was also corrected by the shunting procedure. A marked hypochromic anaemia,
      however, probably caused by a sequestration of iron in the spleen and resistant
      to therapy, remains a persistent feature in this patient.

PMID- 6578930
TI  - Impaired metabolic function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in glycogen storage
      disease Ib.
AB  - To elucidate the basis for the recurrent infections in patients with glycogen
      storage disease (GSD) Ib we tested polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) function in
      one patient. Bactericidal capacity and phagocytosis-induced O2 consumption were
      reduced. Also, phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated superoxide production and
      glucose oxidation through the hexose monophosphate shunt were diminished compared
      to control subjects. Therefore it could be speculated that in PMN of patients
      with GSD Ib, glucose-6-phosphate has no access to the enzymes of the hexose
      monophosphate shunt due to a transport-related defect as shown for glucogenesis
      in hepatocytes.

PMID- 6578931
TI  - Effect of intracerebroventricular injection of PGE2 and 5HT on body temperature,
      heart rate and rumen motility of conscious goats.
AB  - Changes in rumen motility and heart rate following injection of 5-HT and PGE2
      into the third cerebral ventricle were investigated in conscious goats. The doses
      used were known to produce predictable changes in thermoregulation in goats. The
      changes in body temperature, ear temperature (PGE2, 5-HT) and shivering (PGE2)
      were as reported by others. The i.c.v. injection of PGE2 and 5-HT inhibited rumen
      motility and slightly decreased the heart rate, probably due to a central action.

PMID- 6578933
TI  - Detection of a fetal antigen on mouse erythroleukemic Friend cells.
AB  - A fetal antigen, expressed on all fetal erythrocytes during normal ontogeny, was
      detected on Friend erythroleukemic cells but not on circulating erythrocytes from
      leukemic mice. Friend cells were shown to express the fetal antigen both by
      immunofluorescence and antiserum absorption. The fetal antigen thus allows a
      clearcut distinction between the tumoral step from which emerge the Friend and
      erythro-proliferative cells.

PMID- 6578932
TI  - Antiandrogenic effects of oestradiol on enzyme activities of hepatic steroid
      metabolism.
AB  - Intact female rats and gonadectomized rats of both sexes were administered 0.5 mg
      5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone s.c. daily for 15 days. On the 16th day the
      activities of hepatic microsomal 3 alpha- and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
      and 5 alpha-reductase were determined. Androgen treatment increased the activity
      of both hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and decreased the activity of the 5 alpha
      reductase in all animal models. Simultaneous administration of a steroidal
      antiandrogen, cyproterone (5 mg/day; 15 days s.c.) did not prevent this
      androgenic effect, whereas oestradiol (5 micrograms/day; 15 days s.c.) completely
      reversed the action of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone. The nonsteroidal
      antiandrogen, flutamide, also exhibited a potent antiandrogenic influence on
      these enzyme activities in female rats, whereas its antagonizing action in males
      was limited. The effects of cyproterone, oestradiol and flutamide on enzyme
      activities of hepatic steroid metabolism do not reflect the biological activity
      of these compounds on the weights of target organs (uterus, seminal vesicle,
      levator ani).

PMID- 6578934
TI  - A new look at antifertility vaccines.

PMID- 6578935
TI  - Control of mammalian sex ratio by sexing sperm.

PMID- 6578936
TI  - [Significance of the lateral branches of the root canal of upper incisors in
      endodontics and oral surgery].

PMID- 6578937
TI  - [Usefulness of fluoride tablets in the prevention of dental caries].

PMID- 6578938
TI  - [An acro-osteolysis syndrome and its implications for dentistry].

PMID- 6578939
TI  - [The use of elastic bandages in orthodontics].

PMID- 6578940
TI  - [A case of parapharyngeal schwannoma].

PMID- 6578941
TI  - [The role of the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata in the control of
      gonadotropin secretion. II. The effect of ovarian steroid implantation into the
      ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata on LH secretion in the female rat].
AB  - To investigate whether neurons in the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata
      (VLMO) are sensitive to ovarian steroid, estradiol benzoate (EB) or progesterone
      (Prog.) was implanted through a stainless steel double cannula into the VLMO of
      ovariectomized, EB-primed rats and serum LH was measured. Two weeks after
      ovariectomy, rats were primed with 20 micrograms EB at 1200h and this day was
      arbitrarily defined as day 0. At 1200h on day 3, powdery steroid, EB or Prog.,
      was unilaterally implanted into the VLMO. Implantation of EB into the VLMO was
      effective in increasing serum LH at 1600, 1800 and 2000h on days 3 and 4, but the
      serum LH concentration at 1600, 1800 and 2000h was much more increased on day 4
      than on day 3. Implantation of Prog. into the VLMO failed to induce a significant
      increase in serum LH on days 3 and 4. To further investigate the effects of
      anterolateral hypothalamic (ALH) transection and complete spinal transection at
      T4-T7 levels on EB implantation into the VLMO was examined. It has been shown
      that both ALH transection and spinal transection at high thoracic levels (T4-T7)
      significantly blocked proestrous gonadotropin surges and ovulation. In rats with
      ALH transection, EB implantation into the VLMO was not effective in increasing
      serum LH at 1600, 1800 and 2000h on days 3 and 4, but in rats with complete
      spinal transection, EB implantation into the VLMO was effective in increasing
      serum LH at 1800 and 2000h on days 3 and 4. These results suggest that EB exerts
      its stimulatory feedback action on the VLMO and the anterolateral hypothalamic
      area is involved in the mechanism of this stimulatory feedback action of EB.

PMID- 6578942
TI  - An introduction to microbiology and sterilization in the dental office.

PMID- 6578943
TI  - The present status of dental assisting education.

PMID- 6578944
TI  - Dental radiography instructors in U.S. dental assisting programs.

PMID- 6578945
TI  - A fail-safe policy for collecting every fee.

PMID- 6578946
TI  - Easy ways to reduce the stress of treating children.

PMID- 6578947
TI  - How to get free publicity (and more new patients).

PMID- 6578948
TI  - A low-cost high-payoff employee benefit plan.

PMID- 6578950
TI  - A high-powered practice in a low-employment area.

PMID- 6578949
TI  - Pension plan investing for dentists under 55.

PMID- 6578951
TI  - Drug in dentistry. Analgesics.

PMID- 6578952
TI  - Oral health care for the elderly patient. The role of dental hygienists.

PMID- 6578953
TI  - Needs of geriatric females in private practice setting.

PMID- 6578954
TI  - Dental care for the elderly: health policies.

PMID- 6578955
TI  - Assessment of the dental attitudes of the non-insitutionalized older adult.

PMID- 6578956
TI  - Mass disaster and the dental hygienist: the MGM fire.

PMID- 6578957
TI  - ADHA statement in response to the ADA Special Committee on the Future of
      Dentistry.

PMID- 6578958
TI  - Improving the oral hygiene practices of dental hygienists.

PMID- 6578959
TI  - Skeletal muscle: anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology.
AB  - Many questions remain to be answered. The intention here is to attempt to place
      in perspective a portion of what is known and understood scientifically, to make
      working sense of the pathophysiologic process so that we as clinicians can "in
      our mind's eye" understand what it is that we are trying to treat with what now
      seems to be a multitude of therapies. When a patient presents to your office with
      acute or chronic, or both, myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome, some basic
      questions must be addressed. Is the disease process genetic (intrinsic) or
      acquired (extrinsic), or both? It is the purpose of diagnosis to unearth the
      underlying predispositions that patients may exhibit. Often the predispositions
      are quite obvious (gross postural discrepancies and skeletal and dental
      malrelationships( or they may be consummately subtle (endocrinopathies and
      behavioral patterns). It seems that the main job to be completed is diagnosis
      followed by the utilization of well-known physical medicine (conservative)
      techniques that treat the source of the disorder: the myofascial trigger zone.

PMID- 6578961
TI  - Influence of function on temporomandibular joint remodeling and degenerative
      disease.

PMID- 6578960
TI  - Management of temporomandibular joint disorders associated with systemic disease.

PMID- 6578962
TI  - Comparison of three different populations with temporomandibular joint pain
      dysfunction syndrome.

PMID- 6578963
TI  - Obtaining a practical case history and examination.

PMID- 6578964
TI  - Otolaryngologic manifestations of craniomandibular disorders.

PMID- 6578965
TI  - Radiology of the temporomandibular joint.
AB  - When evaluating the current status of a patient with diseases of the TMJ, certain
      guidelines must be followed. It is of the utmost importance to take into
      consideration the total picture. This must include the history, physical
      examination, x-rays, films, and any other pertinent information. As stated
      previously, the TMJ is demonstrated with a great deal of clarity by modern
      tomographic x-ray techniques. This, however, provides only part of the total
      evidence. It is indeed unfortunate that some medical and dental consultants for
      insurance companies and other health groups base their criteria for eligibility
      on the evidence provided only by the x-ray films, without taking into
      consideration other important data. Another source of error is the fact that the
      total duration of the patient's symptoms is not given enough consideration. This
      is shown in patients with a history lasting many months or years, associated with
      definite x-ray changes, who are misdiagnosed as having myofascial pain
      dysfunction syndrome. The fact that this is an acute process of short duration
      involving primarily muscles of mastication and other related soft tissues is
      overlooked. When presented with a patient with a long history of TMJ discomfort,
      it is essential to consider an intrinsic organic process of the joint. It should
      be stressed that osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease is a condition
      frequently found in the TMJ when examined with modern tomographic techniques. It
      occurs in individuals of all ages. Osteoarthritis of the TMJ is basically a
      medical or orthopedic condition similar to that found in other joints of the body
      affected by this primary joint disease. For this reason, osteoarthritis cannot be
      considered purely a dental condition when it occurs in the TMJ. However, because
      of the close proximity, both anatomically and physiologically, to the teeth and
      related structures, these conditions are frequently labeled as dental.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6578966
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6578967
TI  - Arthrokinematics of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6578968
TI  - Cranial osteopathy and its role in disorders of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6578970
TI  - You may not need a computer.

PMID- 6578969
TI  - Herpes simplex virus and acute temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome.
AB  - Although the TMJ or myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome is probably not brought
      about by any single etiologic agent, the findings discussed here offer strong
      evidence that the primary disease is a form of cranial polyneuritis similar in
      onset, duration, and natural course to acute facial paralysis. These findings of
      sensory neuritis with secondary neuromuscular dysfunction leave no question
      unanswered, whereas the classic concept that has evolved through the years into
      the pain-dysfunction syndrome cannot adequately explain the myriad of signs and
      symptoms found in this condition. By removing the psychophysiologic (functional)
      label and recognizing the organic nature of this self-limiting disease, we should
      now be able to consolidate the many different modes of therapy that are effective
      in treating patients with the acute TMJ pain-dysfunction syndrome.

PMID- 6578971
TI  - ADA president-elect says: unmet dental needs challenge profession. Interview by
      H. Ronald Combs.

PMID- 6578972
TI  - How to speed up insurance payments.

PMID- 6578973
TI  - Don't gamble with hepatitis: one dentist's story.

PMID- 6578974
TI  - Three experts answer questions.

PMID- 6578975
TI  - ADA recommends vaccine, other precautionary methods.

PMID- 6578976
TI  - Does your office portray a positive image?

PMID- 6578977
TI  - How's your bank check I.Q.?. Interview by Betty Lee Kuhn.

PMID- 6578978
TI  - Acute gangrene of the scrotum and penis in a patient with acute promyelocytic
      leukemia. A case of acute necrotizing gangrene.
AB  - The authors describe a case of Fournier's gangrene in a young man affected with
      acute promyelocytic leukemia. They emphasize the rarity of this disease
      especially in a patient affected with leukemia. Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the
      same strict antibiotic sensitivity has been found in cutaneous lesions and in
      several blood cultures. The Fournier's gangrene etiology is discussed.

PMID- 6578980
TI  - Rubber dam--a reappraisal.

PMID- 6578979
TI  - Dental anatomy: the paranasal sinuses.

PMID- 6578981
TI  - Pinned retention--10 years on.

PMID- 6578982
TI  - Infective endocarditis--prophylaxis and prevention.

PMID- 6578983
TI  - Remineralization and enamel caries: new concepts.

PMID- 6578985
TI  - Photography: 3. Obtaining results.

PMID- 6578984
TI  - Changing patterns in conservative dentistry.

PMID- 6578986
TI  - A practical guide to pulp canal therapy. 1. Pulp diagnosis and the aims of
      treatment.

PMID- 6578987
TI  - Dental pain. 3. The measurement of pain.

PMID- 6578988
TI  - Erythroid stem cells in Rauscher viral erythroleukemia.
AB  - Results reported herein describe the expansion of erythroid stem cells (CFU-e and
      BFU-e) from marrow and spleen cells from mice infected with Rauscher leukemia
      virus (RLV). Maximum colony numbers were seen by 5 weeks after viral inoculation.
      The increase in splenic CFU-e and BFU-e was related to development of
      splenomegaly, the latter being a characteristic feature of murine oncornavirus
      infection. Both splenic and marrow RLV-derived CFU-e were erythropoietin (Ep)
      dependent. However, splenic and marrow RLV-derived BFU-e proliferation occurred
      at Ep levels considered suboptimal for normal colony formation. This increased
      erythroid stem cell proliferation may be due in part to the increased demand on
      erythropoiesis as a result of the profound fatal anemia which occurs in RLV
      induced erythroleukemia. These studies suggest that factors operating at the
      level of BFU-e may enhance erythropoiesis, and hence may be a direct result of
      murine oncornavirus infection.

PMID- 6578990
TI  - [Familial autoimmune pathology comprising 2 cases of primary biliary cirrhosis].
AB  - Two cases of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) were observed in two brothers.
      Clinical, biochemical, immunological and genetic investigations (in particular by
      HLA typing) were systematically undertaken in nine subjects of this family
      (including the two above mentioned cases) in two generations. One case of
      granulomatous hepatitis associated with auto-immune thyroiditis was discovered in
      a sister. Immunological abnormalities were observed in six out of nine members of
      the family: anti-nuclear (four cases), anti-mitochondrial (two cases), anti
      thyroid (two cases), auto-antibodies and rheumatoid factors (two cases). Six
      subjects (including the three with hepatic disease) had the same HLA haplotype
      (with in particular HLA DR4, which has been previously associated with sporadic
      PBC). However, the role of this haplotype in the transmission of PBC in a family
      could not be demonstrated. Biochemical and immunological survey might be of
      importance in the kindred of patients with PBC, thereby contributing to the
      screening of asymptomatic hepatic disease.

PMID- 6578989
TI  - Hyperphagia alters cholesterol dynamics in diabetic rats.
AB  - Rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes stop growing and start eating more
      chow. These two events elicit an interacting series of changes in cholesterol
      dynamics. Hyperphagia increases dietary cholesterol intake and cholesterol
      synthesis by the small intestine. These increases are balanced by a decrease in
      cholesterol synthesis in the rest of the body so that total cholesterol input is
      normal. With growth failure, utilization of cholesterol for formation of new
      tissue ceases. This decrease is balanced by an increase in bile acid synthesis by
      the liver. The bile acid pool in the contents of the small intestine is enlarged
      by hyperphagia. Despite these changes, fecal sterol excretion and total
      utilization of cholesterol are normal. During the course of changes in growth and
      food intake and the attendant changes in cholesterol flux, the total tissue
      cholesterol pool does not change. Therefore influx equals efflux and the systems
      regulating cholesterol and bile acid synthesis are responding appropriately and
      are themselves unperturbed by insulin deficiency. However, plasma cholesterol
      level increases threefold. This elevation is due to increased influx of
      cholesterol from the small intestine and decreased synthesis in the rest of the
      body, so that a larger portion of total body cholesterol influx passes through
      the blood.

PMID- 6578991
TI  - Measurement of prostaglandin E2 in interstitial fluid from the dog stomach after
      feeding and indomethacin.
AB  - The purpose of the study was to develop a method for collecting interstitial
      fluid bathing the stomach tissues in which prostaglandins could be measured.
      Hollow dialysis fibers attached at the ends to Silastic tubes were surgically
      implanted into the submucosa of the gastric fundus and antrum of dogs. The
      Silastic tubes were exteriorized through the body wall. After full recovery from
      surgery, the fibers were filled with 5% bovine serum albumin in isotonic saline
      that was replaced at 5-min intervals. Prostaglandin E2 was measured in the
      dialysate by radioimmunoassay. In 6 dogs, feeding significantly stimulated the
      release of prostaglandin E2 into the fundic interstitial fluid from 5.3 +/- 0.6
      ng X ml-1 to 12.1 +/- 1.6 ng X ml-1 (p less than 0.01) but had no effect on
      antral levels. In 4 dogs, indomethacin (0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 ng X kg-1, i.v.)
      caused a dose-dependent depression in prostaglandin E2 levels in interstitial
      fluid of the fundus and antrum. In 4 other dogs, indomethacin depressed the ex
      vivo generation of prostaglandin E2 in biopsy specimens of the fundus and antrum.
      These results validate the technique of interstitial fluid dialysis and suggest
      that it is a powerful method for examining the secretion of locally acting
      substances in the stomach of conscious animals.

PMID- 6578992
TI  - [Hemorrhagic syndrome and state of the system of hemostasis in acute leukemia].

PMID- 6578993
TI  - [Pathomorphology and pathogenesis of hemorrhage and leukemic infiltration in the
      central nervous system in acute leukemia].

PMID- 6578995
TI  - Coexistent breast and vaginal granulocytic sarcoma.
AB  - A 34-year-old woman developed a granulocytic sarcoma of the breast coincident
      with the development of acute myelogenous leukemia. Subsequent to the induction
      of leukemia remission, marrow relapse was preceded by development of breast and
      vaginal granulocytic sarcomas on two separate occasions. Granulocytic sarcoma is
      occasionally reported to involve reproductive organs, but the coexistence in two
      such organs is indeed rare. When granulocytic sarcoma occurs at other sites, it
      often precedes the development of overt leukemia. For this reason, granulocytic
      sarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a pelvic mass
      especially in a patient in whom blood smears reveal unusual or early forms.

PMID- 6578996
TI  - [Acute myeloid leukemia: a late complication of the treatment for Hodgkin's
      disease].

PMID- 6578994
TI  - Spectrophotometric analyses of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in presumed
      steroid-producing tissues of the brook lamprey (Lampetra planeri bloch) in
      different developmental stages.
AB  - Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) activity was determined spectrophotometrically
      on homogenates of the pronephros, the opisthonephros, and the gonads of
      metamorphosing, immature, and mature adult male and female brook lampreys
      (Lampetra planeri Bloch), employing pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone,
      androsterone, epiandrosterone, and 3 beta,17 beta-dihydroxy-5 alpha-androstane as
      substrates and NAD or NADP as coenzymes in October, December, February, and
      April. With NADP a higher HSD-dependent HSD activity was detected in presumed
      adrenocortical tissue (PAT) homogenates with pregnenolone and 3 beta,17 beta
      dihydroxy-5 alpha-androstane and in gonad homogenates only with 3 beta,17 beta
      dihydroxy-5 alpha-androstane. With 3 beta,17 beta-dihydroxy-5 alpha-androstane as
      substrate the highest enzyme activities were measured in PAT and gonad
      homogenates from animals of all investigated life stages. A varying intensity of
      HSD activity in the examined tissue homogenates probably dependent on stages of
      the individual development was observed.

PMID- 6578997
TI  - [Functional results following early surgery of congenital cataract. A
      contribution to the development of the visual system].

PMID- 6578998
TI  - Does PGE2 have a beneficial effect on acute experimental pancreatitis in the rat?
AB  - Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is known to have a cytoprotective effect on the gastric
      mucosa exposed to a variety of noxious agents. A cytoprotective effect on the
      pancreas in acute pancreatitis has been postulated, but available evidence is
      contradictory. Acute experimental pancreatitis was induced in 170 male Wistar
      rats by retrograde injection of 0.6 ml of 5% Na-taurocholate into the pancreatic
      duct. PGE2 (0.1 microgram/g rat) was given intraductally, intraperitoneally or
      subcutaneously before and after induction of pancreatitis. PGE2 had no effect on
      survival rate, enzyme levels in serum and ascites, or on morphologic damage to
      the pancreas.

PMID- 6579000
TI  - Some food additives, feed additives and naturally occurring substances.

PMID- 6578999
TI  - An appraisal of the value of the bone marrow biopsy in the assessment of
      proliferative lesions of the bone marrow.
AB  - The diagnostic value of the bone marrow needle biopsy has proved impressive in a
      variety of disorders. As a complementary procedure to the aspiration smear it
      adds an invaluable dimension to the examination of haematopoietic tissue. The
      procedure is easily learned and safe and should be utilized routinely in
      haematological practice. The usefulness of the bone marrow biopsy is examined in
      assessing proliferative lesions of the bone marrow.

PMID- 6579001
TI  - Cinnamyl anthranilate.

PMID- 6579002
TI  - Furazolidone.

PMID- 6579003
TI  - Fusarenon X.

PMID- 6579004
TI  - Gyromitrin (acetaldehyde formylmethylhydrazone).

PMID- 6579005
TI  - Kaempferol.

PMID- 6579007
TI  - Nitrovin.

PMID- 6579006
TI  - Nithiazide.

PMID- 6579008
TI  - Ochratoxin A.

PMID- 6579009
TI  - Petasitenine.

PMID- 6579010
TI  - Quercetin.

PMID- 6579011
TI  - Senkirkine.

PMID- 6579013
TI  - Trp-P-1(3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) and its acetate.

PMID- 6579012
TI  - Symphytine.

PMID- 6579014
TI  - Trp-P-2 (3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole) and its acetate.

PMID- 6579015
TI  - T2-trichothecene.

PMID- 6579016
TI  - AF-2 [2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide].

PMID- 6579017
TI  - Agaritine (L-glutamic acid-5-[2-(4-hydroxymethyl)-phenylhydrazide]).

PMID- 6579018
TI  - 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole.

PMID- 6579020
TI  - Cholesterol.

PMID- 6579019
TI  - Carrageenan.

PMID- 6579021
TI  - Two-step enrichment of HLA-DR antigens from spent medium of human malignant
      melanoma culture by flotation and density separation procedures.
AB  - HLA-DR antigens released by cultured human melanoma cells were harvested from
      spent medium. Antigenic activity was monitored by quantitative absorption
      analysis in the mixed hemadsorption assay using anti-HLA-DR rabbit antiserum.
      Following concentration by amicon filtration, and removal of insoluble components
      by centrifugation at 136,000 g, the spent medium was subjected to KBr (density,
      1.23 g/ml) flotation. The antigenic material was enriched in the upper one-third
      fraction (lipoprotein-rich), by a factor of 7 with 79% recovery. Further
      purification of this upper fraction by sucrose (5-30%) density gradient resulted
      in a marked increase in antigenic activity in the bottom fraction (No. 6), by a
      factor of 167 with 56% recovery from the spent medium concentrate. Thus, these
      procedures offer a promising approach towards the isolation of HLA-DR antigens
      from shed material of cultured melanoma cells for further purification and
      structural studies.

PMID- 6579022
TI  - No role of HLA in mate selection.

PMID- 6579023
TI  - Perinatal leukemia: the surface antigens, cytochemistry and cytogenetic features.

PMID- 6579024
TI  - Hormone patterns and reproduction in cattle.

PMID- 6579025
TI  - The Danish oral health care service for children: from school dental services to
      oral health care.
AB  - The Danish oral health care services for children began its development at the
      beginning of this century. The aims and main principles of the service were
      formulated in the 1960s and in 1971 the Danish Parliament passed the Act on the
      Children's Oral Health Care System. By 1987 a complete oral health care service
      as a decentralized public health enterprise will be fully established covering
      all Danish children from 0 to 16 years of age. The oral health care programme is
      founded on health education and prevention. Treatment services are considered to
      be a safety net for disease not yet prevented. The oral health care service for
      children is described in detail and future developments are discussed.

PMID- 6579026
TI  - The Danish oral health care service for children: its achievements.
AB  - Child dental services in Denmark were legally defined in 1971 and have functioned
      under this law for about a decade. Although no operational goals were defined, it
      is fair to say that the activities and results of the service have lived up to
      the expectations held at the inception of the law. The evaluation and planning
      system has made it possible to monitor developments in health as well as the use
      of resources. There have been consistent trends towards improved dental health in
      children and at the same time no increases in the use of personnel. There is
      general agreement in society that child services should remain a public activity.
      Pressures upon the services in the years to come must be expected to mount due to
      increased competition for scarce resources, simultaneous improvement in dental
      health and a reduction in the number of children. These pressures will stimulate
      a re-examination of goals within the service so that appropriate short and long
      term local action can be taken before outside influences force changes with
      deleterious effects on the structure and function of the service. The success of
      the service and its ultimate achievements, therefore, will have to be measured
      against its abilities to adapt to changes in health as well as to an economic
      situation which will be more demanding than hitherto.

PMID- 6579027
TI  - The Danish oral health care service for children: an evaluation.
AB  - An evaluation of the children's oral health care service was performed by an
      international assessment team who undertook a field programme in Denmark. Three
      counties were visited, one metropolitan, one urban and one rural. Data on dental
      health costs were collected and dental services in six municipalities selected at
      random were examined. Opinions of administrators at all levels and those of
      clients and providers were obtained and interviews also took place with staff and
      students at the two dental schools. The service was considered effective insofar
      as active dental disease was closely controlled by restorative care and a high
      level of dental awareness was instilled in all sections of the child population.
      The service was also clearly adequate since participation of schoolchildren was
      almost universal. However, resource expenditure on both professional personnel
      and clinical facilities was considered high and the efficiency of the service was
      possibly rendered less than optimal by a degree of over-provision in 'passive'
      prevention and orthodontics. The appropriateness of devoting so much resource to
      children at the expense of the population as a whole was also regarded as
      questionable as was the lack of a fluoridation programme. Client groups
      wholeheartedly supported the service as a result of the high quality of care and
      the attractive, considerate image projected by clinics and staff. The overall
      excellence of the service was a matter of satisfaction to administrators, of
      gratification to clients and of pride to the providers whose morale was high.

PMID- 6579029
TI  - The Danish oral health care service for children: an international appraisal.
AB  - The Danish children's oral health care service has been so successful in
      achieving its objectives that it will need to change and adapt in order to
      survive. It is suggested that the service should gradually become community-based
      rather than child-based. This process can be commenced by introducing treatment
      for the elderly, the handicapped and the indigent, converting the school clinics
      to municipal oral health units. Although it is important that private practice is
      maintained, private dentists should be encouraged to work in the system part
      time, leading teams of supporting auxiliary personnel trained within an
      integrated system. Eventually, the facilities could form the basis of primary
      health care centres. The lessons to be learnt from the Danish experience have a
      wider application to other countries. In developing countries it is obvious that
      they should first place limited dental resources into public health prevention
      and only invest in expensive treatment clinics as funds become more available.
      Manpower planning should ensure that personnel are not overtrained for the needs
      of the community. In developed countries, increasingly more resources will need
      to be channelled into adult dental care, and dental education must lead the
      profession into this new era. Difficult though these changes will be, the stable
      relationships that have developed between the various arms of the service under
      the guidance of the Danish Dental Association, will ensure that the profession
      will survive and flourish for the benefit of the Danish people.

PMID- 6579028
TI  - The Danish oral health care service for children: a comparison with alternative
      systems.
AB  - Aarhus in Denmark, Adelaide in Australia, Saskatchewan in Canada, Bristol in
      England and Limerick in Ireland were chosen as representing five different
      systems for improving the dental health of children. Fluoridation apart, the
      system of dental care delivery seems to have little influence on the level of
      dental disease, but appears to have remarkable cost implications. The most
      expensive system employs salaried dentists to carry out all the operative
      procedures. Employing dental therapists to do the simple operative procedures
      reduces costs materially, but utilizing private dentists in an insurance scheme
      that encourages efficient practice may be less expensive still. The results of
      this study highlight the need for more detailed comparison of delivery systems,
      in order to advise public dental health authorities on the most effective and
      efficient systems for children.

PMID- 6579030
TI  - The physiology and pathophysiology of ageing.
AB  - Ageing is a physiological process which impairs vitality and ultimately leads to
      death. It is found in all differentiated multicellular organisms. Recent theories
      attribute ageing to an accumulation of errors as the capacity of mechanisms for
      their repair and compensation becomes limited. Erroneous processes leading to
      ageing and death stem mainly from the protein-synthesizing machinery of the cell.
      At present, three types of hypotheses to explain ageing are under consideration.
      These are (1) the limited stability of genetic information, (2) a restriction in
      the availability of genetic information and (3) the liability to error of the
      information flow in protein synthesis. Recently, increasing interest has also
      been shown in certain post-synthetic changes in biological molecules which may
      impair cell functions. However, ageing cannot be explained entirely at the
      molecular and cellular level. Since it has been shown that faults may also emerge
      at the higher organizational levels of multicellular organisms, it is necessary
      to study ageing processes at various levels, taking into account the specific
      type of order innate in living organisms. The relationship between ageing and
      disease is characterized by increased morbidity and accompanied by an increasing
      chance of dying from certain diseases. The following events may be of major
      importance: (1) the progressive loss of specific order ('bionomic order') which
      leads to a reduced capacity of adaptation, compensation and repair; (2)
      continuous changes of the organism throughout life ('biomorphosis') which lose
      their usefulness after the attainment of maturity and promote pathological
      changes; (3) the long term accumulation of low-level noxious influences which
      increase the chance of becoming ill as age advances.

PMID- 6579031
TI  - Age-induced changes in the teeth and their attachment apparatus.
AB  - Both the hard substances and the soft tissues of the teeth and their attachment
      apparatus are subject to constant change. This begins immediately after eruption
      and continues throughout life. An exact dividing line between changes which are
      physiological and pathological cannot always be drawn. Enamel undergoes
      attrition, and in addition its mechanical characteristics alter, owing probably
      to changes in diffusion conditions. The age-induced changes occurring in dentine
      are much more obvious, the biological properties of this hard substance being
      fundamentally altered. The dentine of older people is characterized by the
      continuous narrowing of the lumen of the dentinal tubule, increasing
      calcification, reduction in the amount of peritubular fluid and reduced
      sensitivity. In this process, dentine becomes able to assume the function of
      enamel as it wears. With age cementum undergoes continuous deposition, mainly
      functionally induced. It is evident, even macroscopically, that the volume of the
      pulp declines owing to the deposition of secondary dentine or of amorphous
      dentine with age. Histologically, young pulp differs fundamentally from that of
      the pulp of an older person. Regressive processes commence immediately after
      tooth eruption. The number, nature, properties and capabilities of the cells
      change, but the pulp does not suffer any appreciable loss of vitality.
      Circulation in the pulp is affected by deposition of hard substance in the apical
      part of the root canal. These processes are important in endodontics, and because
      of them different treatment methods have to be used for patients of different
      ages. The tooth supporting tissues are also subject to constant rearrangements,
      the physiological occlusal and mesial movements of the teeth being relevant here.
      All these structural and biological differences must be allowed for when therapy
      is being considered. They have not hitherto been taken sufficiently into account.

PMID- 6579032
TI  - Age-induced changes in the oral mucosa and their therapeutic consequences.
AB  - The oral mucosa is subject to specific changes with increasing age but these do
      not by themselves impair the function and well-being of the patient. The dentist
      should, however, devote particular attention to the reactions of the oral mucosa
      when it has undergone age-induced changes, to the effects, extending over years
      and even decades, of foreign bodies such as prostheses and of other agents--in
      particular, smoking. Changes are brought about mainly by arteriosclerotic
      processes, the progressive obliteration of the capillaries and the reduction of
      cell metabolism. Nerves and end organs in the oral mucosa may also be affected by
      age. The effects include a progressive loss of sensitivity to thermal, chemical
      and mechanical stimuli, while gustatory ability declines in old age. The
      reactions of the oral mucosa to a prosthesis also change with increasing age. In
      young people, mechanical irritation tends to give rise mainly to painful
      inflammation and swelling, while chronic atrophic processes predominate in old
      age. Although the age-induced changes in the oral mucosa show a wide range of
      individual variation, there are nevertheless some specific trends which bring out
      the difference between chronological age and biological status. The dentist must
      be aware of possible age-induced morphological and functional processes, so that
      he can adopt a preventive strategy and draw the right conclusions for therapy,
      even in very old patients. Given constant care of both the mouth and prostheses,
      regular examinations and prompt therapeutic measures, there is no reason why the
      oral tissues of denture wearers, like those of other patients, should not be
      healthy and fully functional even into very old age.

PMID- 6579033
TI  - Psychological and social factors in the dental care of the elderly.
AB  - With age there are major changes in social status, in sensory perception and in
      motor and cognitive functions. These and attitudinal barriers among elderly
      patients and practitioners have a role in determining patients' oral health
      status. Dentists must understand the psychological and social changes which occur
      with ageing and must apply this understanding to the relationship between
      psychological status and the motivation to maintain oral health, general health
      and nutrition. Services may then be designed to fit the oral needs of the aged
      patient, not just his or her financial situation. Dental providers must recognize
      differences between the prognosis for similar oral disease in elderly patients
      and in younger patients, and provide appropriate care. Differences in lifestyle,
      dental awareness, sensory-perceptual and physiological functioning must be
      recognized. Dentists should play a critical role in providing each member of the
      growing population of elderly with a healthy and satisfying life in the later
      years. The dentist should become a resource for improving the quality of life
      among older persons, improving their oral health and thereby conferring physical,
      social and psychological benefits. Through concerted efforts to educate both
      dental providers and elderly patients, we may eventually realize these goals.

PMID- 6579034
TI  - Medical and psychosocial risk factors in the dental treatment of the elderly.
AB  - There is evidence to show that a 'new' type of elderly consumer of dental
      services is evolving with characteristics and expectations different from those
      of the 'old' elderly that dentists have had experience in treating. In providing
      care for the 'new' elderly the dentist must consider the many modifying factors
      which influence the type of treatment that an individual patient needs. These are
      the patient's lifespan, medical history, drug history, mental status, mobility,
      neuromuscular coordination, dental status, previous dental experience, the
      patient's or family's dental expectations as well as the economic status of the
      patient and the family. Before commencing treatment the dentist must also assess
      his/her own skills, the facilities in which he/she is working and the
      availability of equipment to carry out the dental procedures that may be
      required. Only when all of these considerations have been taken into account can
      rational dental care for an individual elderly person be planned and completed.
      The variation in what is rational is large. For one patient it may be no
      treatment at all and for another the most technologically sophisticated care
      dentistry can provide.

PMID- 6579035
TI  - Delivery programmes for elderly and isolated populations.
AB  - The provision of dental care for the elderly and for other isolated population
      groups cannot be ignored. In particular, special provision must be made for the
      housebound and institutionalized elderly as well as for those who are isolated
      for social or medical reasons. Continuous liason with social service personnel
      and health service workers, as well as with voluntary agencies, is essential for
      identifying and treating these populations. The assessment of dental treatment
      needs must take account of the clinical dental status of the subjects, their
      demands for treatment and their oral handicaps. The aims should be to treat overt
      oral and dental pathology and to relieve oral handicaps. Treatment should be
      readily available and must not be an added burden for those who are already
      medically or socially disadvantaged. Careful consideration must be given to
      treatment and manpower requirements. The dental team should consist of people who
      are particularly skilled at treating elderly and/or handicapped people. Schemes
      for domiciliary visits should be devised and facilities such as mobile dental
      units and dental surgeries within long-stay hospitals should be made available.
      Most importantly, in order to provide an appropriate ongoing dental service,
      dental personnel and other health workers must be totally committed to making
      quality dental health care available to all.

PMID- 6579036
TI  - Classification of dental auxiliary personnel based on strata-training concepts.
AB  - Dental auxiliaries may be grouped into various vertical strata and horizontal
      levels according to their degree of training and education. The classification is
      designed so that the majority of known types of auxiliary personnel may be
      located within its structure. It is based on strata-training, with instruction in
      fundamental or 'core' subjects at each level of the strata. Additional training
      permits progression to a higher stratum and to more complex tasks. A model
      stratum-based training programme is described.

PMID- 6579037
TI  - Problems in treating the dental and medical professions alike.

PMID- 6579038
TI  - An odontogenic cyst with significant implications.

PMID- 6579039
TI  - Water softener influence on anions and cations.

PMID- 6579040
TI  - Maxillofacial prosthetic treatment.

PMID- 6579041
TI  - Periodontal disease and oral hygiene among new immigrants to Israel from three
      regions of origin.
AB  - The purpose of the present investigation was to gather information on the
      prevalence of periodontal disease and oral cleanliness status of new immigrants
      to Israel. A comparison was made between the different regions of origin. New
      immigrants, residents of four absorption centers in Israel, who arrived in Israel
      no more than three months prior to the date of their examination, were included
      in the study. Altogether, 1031 immigrants (417 Eastern Europeans, 338 Western
      Europeans/North Americans and 276 South Americans) were examined. During the
      examination periodontal status and oral hygiene were checked. Periodontal status
      was recorded according to Russell's Periodontal Index (PI). The oral cleanliness
      was assessed according to Greene and Vermillion's Simplified Oral Hygiene Index
      (OHI-S). A markedly lower prevalence of periodontal diseases and a significantly
      better oral cleanliness were demonstrated by the West European/North American
      group as compared to the other two groups. The South American group, as
      intermediate group, exhibited significantly lower mean PI and OHI-S scores as
      compared to the East Europeans. Generally, the same distribution of prevalence of
      periodontal diseases between the three groups were found by the respective age
      groups. The results demonstrated a significant increase in prevalence of
      periodontal diseases, by age. Oral cleanliness showed a trend to deteriorate by
      age, but not significantly so. A sex difference was apparent in the prevalence of
      periodontal diseases and in oral hygiene. Low OHI-S scores (indicating improved
      oral hygiene) were associated with the low PI scores (indicating better
      periodontal status) in the whole study population and within the different
      regions of origin.

PMID- 6579042
TI  - Dental caries and oral hygiene status among Arab school children in the Village
      of Tira.

PMID- 6579043
TI  - Cryotherapy of lesions of the oral mucosa.

PMID- 6579044
TI  - Effect of prostaglandins on polymorphonuclear leukocyte motility.
AB  - The effect of prostaglandins (PGE1, E2, F2 alpha on LIF production, LIF activity,
      and on the random migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes was investigated.
      Concanavalin A-induced LIF production was tested in an indirect LIF assay using
      agarose microdroplet technique; PGE1 and PGE2 inhibited the LIF production. PGE1,
      PGE2, and F2 alpha in physiological concentration, decreased the random migration
      of leukocytes, they also interfered with the LIF activity of supernatants,
      decreasing their inhibitory effect on cell migration; but the opposite
      explanation that LIF-treated PMNs escaped the inhibitory effect of PGs, cannot be
      ruled out. Macrophages produce supernatant factor(s) in the course of
      phagocytosis which inhibit the motility of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The
      active component of supernatant seems to be PG, since its production can be
      blocked by indomethacin. These data indicate that prostaglandins may have
      different sites of attack in the local regulation of leukocyte motility.

PMID- 6579045
TI  - Hypnosis as a primary anesthetic in reconstructive and cosmetic facial surgery.

PMID- 6579046
TI  - A presumed case of spontaneous psychokinesis in a psychotherapy situation. Part
      II.

PMID- 6579047
TI  - Chronic myelogenous leukemia in the dog.
AB  - Chronic myelogenous leukemia was diagnosed in 7 dogs. In each case, marked
      neutrophilia in the absence of infection was observed in association with
      nonspecific illness. Diagnosis was based on morphologic cytology of blood smears,
      bone marrow aspirates, and in 1 case, a lymph node biopsy specimen. In 5 cases,
      treatment with hydroxyurea was successful in lowering circulating WBC counts, but
      was of questionable value in the prevention of leukemic blast crisis.

PMID- 6579048
TI  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the dog: a review of 30 cases.
AB  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia was diagnosed in 30 dogs. Diagnosis was confirmed by
      examination of blood smears and bone marrow aspirates. The most common clinical
      signs were lethargy, anorexia, splenomegaly, and pallor of mucous membranes.
      Three dogs were not treated, 3 dogs were treated with prednisone, and 3 dogs were
      treated with cyclophosphamide; survival times in these 9 dogs ranged from 1 to 60
      days. Twenty-one dogs were treated with vincristine and prednisone; of these,
      complete remission was achieved in 4 dogs and partial remission was achieved in 4
      dogs, with survival times ranging from 8 to 241 days.

PMID- 6579049
TI  - Interaction of anthracycline antibiotics with biopolymers. VIII. Binding
      parameters of aclacinomycin A to DNA.
AB  - The binding of aclacinomycin A to DNA was investigated spectrophotometrically
      under equilibrium conditions. The self-association behaviour of aclacinomycin A
      was identified as dimerization. Based on a model of overlapping potential binding
      sites the subsequent results were obtained: equilibrium constant of cooperative
      binding K = (7.58 +/- 2.15) X 10(6) M(-1), size of a binding site alpha = 3.98 +/
      0.14 base pairs, cooperativity parameter sigma = 0.12 +/- 0.10. These parameters
      were compared with those of adriamycin, daunomycin, and iremycin to draw some
      conclusions regarding the structural specialities of aclacinomycin A.

PMID- 6579050
TI  - Calcified loa-loa infestations.

PMID- 6579051
TI  - Crystallization of the Azotobacter vinelandii nitrogenase iron protein.
AB  - The iron protein from Azotobacter vinelandii nitrogenase has been crystallized in
      the reduced form. The needle-shaped crystals are in space group P2(1)2(1)2 (a =
      94.6 A, b = 179.9 A, c = 74.1 A) and diffract to at least 3.5-A resolution. Five
      or six Fe-protein monomers are present in the asymmetric unit.

PMID- 6579052
TI  - Phase-II clinical trial of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in metastatic solid tumors.
AB  - 4'-Epi-doxorubicin, one of the analogs of doxorubicin, was shown in experimental
      animal tumor models to have a wide spectrum of antitumor activity. In comparison,
      its toxic side effects were less prominent than those of doxorubicin. Results of
      the first phase-I and II clinical trials in human tumors have confirmed
      experimental data. The aim of our study was to carry out a broad phase-II
      clinical trial mainly in various types of primarily chemoresistant solid tumors
      to obtain further information on the antitumor activity spectrum and toxicity of
      4'-epi-doxorubicin. Ninety-two patients, 55 males and 37 females aged from 32 to
      75 with an average age of 51 years, were available for the study. Karnofsky
      performance status was not less than 50. Previous chemotherapy was recorded in 33
      patients. The drug was administered at doses of 40 mg/m2 i.v. daily for 2 days in
      the first 25 patients and, in all other patients, the dosage was increased to 50
      mg/m2 i.v. daily for 2 days (100 mg/m2/cycle). The overall response was
      registered in 18 (seven complete, 11 partial remissions) out of 92 patients
      (20%). Regarding tumor types, the response was observed in 2/15 lung, 4/15
      stomach, 3/14 colorectal, and 5/13 breast cancers. No response was observed in 11
      patients with melanoma and five with hypernephroma. Toxicity was mild
      (myelosuppression, gastrointestinal toxicity, cardiotoxicity) and tolerable for
      the patients. On the basis of these results, we could conclude that 4'-epi
      doxorubicin is an active antitumorigenic agent in breast cancer and in stomach,
      rectal, and small-cell lung tumors. These results justify further clinical
      investigation of this compound especially in combination chemotherapy treatment.

PMID- 6579054
TI  - Marketing your practice.

PMID- 6579053
TI  - Evidence that a variety of cultured cells secrete protease nexin and produce a
      distinct cytoplasmic serine protease-binding factor.
AB  - Four criteria were used to examine serum-free conditioned cell culture medium for
      protease nexin (PN):(1) formation of SDS-stable approximately 77 K Da complexes
      between a medium component and [125I]thrombin; (2) acceleration by heparin of the
      rate of formation of these complexes; (3) cellular binding of these complexes;
      and (4) inhibition by heparin of the cellular binding of complexes. Listed in
      order of decreasing PN production, PN was detected in media conditioned by the
      following cell types: human foreskin fibroblasts (0.18 micrograms/10(6) cells),
      rat embryo heart muscle cells (0.13 micrograms/10(6) cells), mouse myotubes (0.1
      micrograms/10(6) cells), monkey kidney epithelial cells, human fibrosarcoma
      cells, human lung fibroblasts, simian virus 40 (SV-40)-transformed human
      fibroblasts, human epidermoid carcinoma cells, bovine aortic endothelial cells
      (only after phorbol ester treatment), and mouse myoblasts. No PN was found in
      medium conditioned by mouse 3T3 cells, SV40 virus-transformed 3T3 cells, human
      lymphoblasts, or mouse leukemia cells. Eleven of the cell types examined for
      secretion of PN were also examined for the presence of cytoplasmic thrombin
      binding factors. Lysates from all of these cell types contained a factor that
      formed approximately 60-65 K Da sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-stable complexes
      with [125I] thrombin. This MW is significantly lower than that of [125I] thrombin
      PN complexes, indicating that the factor is distinct from PN. Nevertheless, PN
      and the cytoplasmic factor share similarities. Production of both PN (by HF cells
      and WI-26 cells) and the cytoplasmic factor (by HF cells and 3T3 cells) are
      stimulated by epidermal growth factor and phorbol myristate acetate. Also, both
      PN and the cytoplasmic factor complex trypsin, plasmin, urokinase, and thrombin,
      but not pancreatic elastase. Because a number of the cells that produce PN or the
      cytoplasmic serine protease-binding factor are known to produce plasminogen
      activators, both PN and the cytoplasmic factor could regulate plasminogen
      activator activity.

PMID- 6579055
TI  - The Vari-simplex discipline. Part 3: extraction treatment.

PMID- 6579056
TI  - Retracting labially displaced cuspids.

PMID- 6579057
TI  - Combination treatment card.

PMID- 6579058
TI  - Suppression of the periodontopathic microflora in localized juvenile
      periodontitis by systemic tetracycline.
AB  - Since recent studies have implicated Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in the
      etiology of localized juvenile periodontitis, this investigation determined the
      effectiveness of subgingival debridement, topical Betadine Solution, and systemic
      tetracycline in suppressing subgingival A. actinomycetemcomitans and other
      microorganisms. A total of 20 deep periodontal pockets and 10 normal periodontal
      sites of 6 localized juvenile periodontitis patients was included in the study.
      Each patient was treated in 3 stages over a period of 22 weeks, and the result of
      treatment was monitored for an additional 38 weeks. The first stage of treatment
      included plaque control, as well as thorough scaling and root planing, composed
      of at least 6 h of debridement. No concomitant periodontal surgery was performed.
      In the second stage, Betadine saturated cotton gauze was inserted into the
      periodontal pockets for 10 min. Stage 3 involved systemic tetracycline therapy (1
      g/day) for 14 days. The subgingival microflora was determined at frequent
      intervals by selective culturing of A. actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga
      and by direct microscopic examination. The clinical effect was assessed by
      measuring changes in probing periodontal attachment level, probing periodontal
      pocket depth, radiographic alveolar bone mass, and other relevant clinical
      parameters. Scaling and root planing reduced the total subgingival bacterial
      counts and the proportions of certain Gram-negative bacteria, but no periodontal
      pocket became free of A. actinomycetemcomitans. Betadine application had little
      or no effect on the subgingival microflora. In contrast, tetracycline
      administered via the systemic route suppressed A. actinomycetemcomitans,
      Capnocytophaga, and spirochetes to low or undetectable levels in all test
      periodontal pockets. A. actinomycetemcomitans reappeared in 9 of the deep
      periodontal pockets after the administration of tetracycline. Most of these 9
      pockets became free of detectable A. actinomycetemcomitans during the second week
      of tetracycline administration, whereas pockets which yielded no A.
      actinomycetemcomitans after tetracycline therapy became free of the organisms
      during the first week of tetracycline treatment. This data suggests that systemic
      tetracycline therapy of localized juvenile periodontitis should, as a practical
      rule, be continued for 3 weeks. Periodontal destruction continued in 4 deep
      pockets which all showed high posttetracycline A. actinomycetemcomitans counts.
      All 6 pockets which demonstrated a marked gain in periodontal attachment yielded
      no cultivable A. actinomycetemcomitans. No association was found between
      periodontal disease status and subgingival Capnocytophaga, spirochetes or motile
      rods. The present study indicates that A. actinomycetemcomitans is an important
      etiologic agent in localized juvenile periodontitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400
      WORDS)

PMID- 6579059
TI  - Principles and concepts of treatment derived from these studies, and their
      application to dentistry. 12th James A. English lecture series.

PMID- 6579060
TI  - Current sterilization and disinfection procedures in dental practice.

PMID- 6579061
TI  - The group solo practice. (Practicing dentistry in the 1980s).

PMID- 6579063
TI  - Overdose of isotretinoin.

PMID- 6579062
TI  - Aleukemic leukemia cutis: juvenile chronic granulocytic leukemia presenting with
      figurate cutaneous lesions.
AB  - We report a 3 1/2-year-old girl who developed a figurate cutaneous eruption.
      Distinctive findings in her skin biopsies, as well as unusual red cell
      characteristics, in the presence of a normal peripheral smear and bone marrow
      biopsy, led us to suspect the diagnosis of preleukemic juvenile type chronic
      granulocytic leukemia. This is the first case we know of in which this diagnosis
      was suspected prior to abnormal findings in the peripheral smear or bone marrow.

PMID- 6579064
TI  - Metastatic osteosarcoma to the heart and mediastinum presenting as esophageal
      obstruction.

PMID- 6579065
TI  - The hazards of occupational exposure to nitrous oxide in the dental office.

PMID- 6579066
TI  - The ethical marketing of dentistry: is it a misnomer?

PMID- 6579067
TI  - Financial planning. Fiscal fitness for the dentist.

PMID- 6579068
TI  - Professional responsibility curriculum report. American College fellows serve as
      expert assessors. Teaching ethics at the University of Minnesota.

PMID- 6579070
TI  - What is ethics in practice?

PMID- 6579069
TI  - Retail dentistry. Practice and patient characteristics.

PMID- 6579071
TI  - Dental hygiene comments.

PMID- 6579072
TI  - Amalgam vs composite.

PMID- 6579073
TI  - Light-curing resin systems.

PMID- 6579074
TI  - Advances in dental practice: experts explore the future for office staffing,
      computers, and devices, instruments, and equipment.

PMID- 6579075
TI  - National trends in the prevalence and severity of the periodontal diseases.
AB  - In summary, between the 1960 to 1962 national health survey and the 1971 to 1974
      national health survey, the mean periodontal index scores remained unchanged.
      However, the classification of adults into broad disease categories showed that
      those with no evidence of disease increased significantly. This improvement in
      the nation's experience with the periodontal diseases was restricted to those
      with gingivitis, and a concomitant improvement was observed in the nation's oral
      hygiene status; debris scores decreased substantially, whereas little change was
      observed in calculus scores. Hypotheses have been raised in this paper about the
      decline in the prevalence of gingivitis and its possible association with
      variables such as OHI-S scores, socioeconomic status, dental care utilization,
      cigarette smoking, fluorides, and antibiotics. Also noted between the two surveys
      was a slight decrease in the prevalence of periodontal pockets in persons younger
      than age 35, whereas in persons older than 35, there was either no change or a
      slight increase. During this same period, both total loss of teeth and number of
      missing teeth per person decreased for all ages. A hypothesis is proposed that
      links this slight increase in the more severe signs of periodontal disease in
      older adults to an increase in the number of teeth at risk to the disease. The
      modest change in the prevalence and severity of advanced periodontal disease may
      be an early sign of a trend that will become accentuated as a result of a
      distinct increase in the nation's older population coupled with the increased
      retention of the natural dentition. Thus, it would seem that a decline in
      edentulism and an increase in number of teeth per person may well contribute to
      circumstances that will lead to greater, not lesser, risk of advanced periodontal
      disease problems in the later decades of life. Although this hypothesis may or
      may not hold true for today's younger adults as they age, it seems to be the
      likely occurrence for the nation's older adults, at least for the next several
      decades. A third national survey, using the same indexes and more current
      periodontal disease measures, is needed to help to clarify the trends reported
      here.

PMID- 6579076
TI  - Adult root fracture.

PMID- 6579077
TI  - Reevaluation of submerged vital roots.
AB  - A total of eight vital roots were submerged and retained under complete dentures
      in two patients. Within two to three years, each patient experienced problems of
      pain, re-exposure, and inflammation, resulting in the removal of the roots.
      Histologic evaluation showed evidence of chronic inflammation of the pulpal
      tissue. Because of alveolar resorption and perhaps super-eruption of the
      submerged roots, the likelihood of exposure and abscess is a distinct
      disadvantage to the procedure. Therefore, some doubt remains as to the long-term
      success with this technique.

PMID- 6579078
TI  - Multiple congenital defects: report of a case.
AB  - An unusual case history is presented in which a 4-year-old Oriental boy, born
      with multiple congenital defects primarily affecting anatomic structures in the
      midline, was treated by an oral surgeon, restorative dentist, and others. The
      defects included cleft palate, two complete and separate tongues, missing and
      decayed teeth, and an aortic abnormality. Treatment procedures included restoring
      the teeth, uniting the two tongues, lip repair, and fabrication of an obturator
      to close the palatal defect.

PMID- 6579079
TI  - Actinomycosis involving a mandibular odontoma.

PMID- 6579080
TI  - The impacted third molar: referral patterns, patient compliance, and surgical
      requirements.

PMID- 6579081
TI  - Suicide statistics of dentists in Iowa, 1968 to 1980.

PMID- 6579082
TI  - Oral reconstruction: an instrument to establish vertical and physiologic
      occlusion.
AB  - The Coble Balancer can be used to locate the most comfortable vertical dimension
      before fixed restorative procedures are begun. It can be used to locate and
      record centric relation at this vertical dimension, and can transfer the
      relationship to a simple or complex articulator. After restorations are
      fabricated, the balancer facilitates adjustment of the restorations to conform to
      the patient's jaw movement.

PMID- 6579083
TI  - Asymptomatic, ill-defined radiolucent area in the posterior body of the mandible.
AB  - The focal osteoporotic bone marrow defect is seldom considered preoperatively
      when a differential diagnosis is considered for focal, ill-defined radiolucent
      areas of the jaws. Clinicians should be aware of the existence of this
      abnormality and understand that it appears radiographically similar to other
      lesions, some of which are malignant; therefore a biopsy is necessary to
      establish a diagnosis.

PMID- 6579084
TI  - Pit and fissure sealants. Council on Dental Materials, Instruments, and
      Equipment.

PMID- 6579085
TI  - Methods of calculating UCR benefits. Council on Dental Care Programs.
AB  - A total of 15 insurance firms and service plans responded with completed or
      partially completed questionnaires to a survey conducted by the Council in
      response to a directive of the 1981 House of Delegates. The survey to determine
      the various methods used in the calculation of UCR benefits asked that the firms
      and service plans provide the source of their fee data; the locality used in
      establishing customary fees; the frequency with which their maximum allowable
      benefits are updated; the age of the data used in the updates; the percentile
      used as the upper limit on the range of fees; the method of determining the
      percentile; and their definitions of "unusual fee," "customary fee," "reasonable
      fee," and "prevailing fee." In addition, the surveyed firms and plans were asked
      to supply their maximum allowable benefits for eight dental procedures provided
      in a given city on a given date. Most respondents advised that they use the 90th
      percentile as the upper limit on allowable fees. Most commonly, postal zip code
      (first three digits) or counties updated quarterly using fees from the previous
      six months are used for locality and fee updating. Among insurance firms, claim
      statistics normally are used to develop the fee base, but among service plans,
      prefiled fees predominate. Although most examples indicated that similar
      statistical calculations were used in determining the upper limit on benefits,
      some notable variations were reported, including a composite weighting of all
      fees filed by a dentist and individual dentist profiles for usual fees, which are
      used to calculate customary fees. Insufficient responses were received on maximum
      allowable benefits to permit statistically valid analysis. The Council recognizes
      that a free market encourages variety among competitors. To make sure that plan
      participants are not misled about the benefits provided, the Council urges that
      specific information concerning the method of calculating benefits be provided to
      plan participants and in the case of service plans, to participating dentists.

PMID- 6579086
TI  - Pedodontic sedation.

PMID- 6579087
TI  - MPD syndrome.

PMID- 6579089
TI  - Dental practice insurance. Choosing your direction.

PMID- 6579088
TI  - Cervical erosion.

PMID- 6579090
TI  - New finishing instruments for composite resins.
AB  - The trimming of composite resin restorations encompasses gross finishing,
      contouring, fine finishing, and polishing. A series of aluminum oxide-coated
      flexible disks have been marketed and are suitable for that purpose. However,
      their use is confined to directly accessible convex surfaces. For precise
      finishing of small delineated areas, and for concave and occlusal surfaces, rigid
      rotary instruments are necessary. The currently used stones and tungsten carbide
      burs are ineffective with microfilled composite systems. Thus, a series of
      finishing burs coated with 40- and 15-microns diamond chips were evaluated
      because of the superior grinding effectiveness as compared with existing
      instruments. Surface roughness measurements, and qualitative and quantitative SEM
      evaluations, indicate that these fine and superfine diamond finishing burs
      produce surfaces on composite resins as smooth as tungsten carbide burs and
      stones. At the same time, they cause less surface and subsurface damage or
      marginal fractures on composite resin restorations. The three-year clinical
      experience is generally favorable. Further quantitative clinical studies are
      warranted.

PMID- 6579091
TI  - Analgesic effects of nitrous oxide with controlled painful stimuli.
AB  - This study was designed to provide statistical estimates of the effects of N2O on
      pain and anxiety associated with tooth-pulp shock in a clinical and in a
      laboratory setting. Amounts of electric stimulation needed to first feel
      sensation, amounts to feel pain, and pain tolerance were measured. N2O had a
      significant effect on raising levels of absolute sensation, pain threshold, and
      pain tolerance in response to increasing electrical stimulation of teeth. These
      effects were noted when N2O and pulp stimulation were delivered in a clinical
      dental setting or in a pain-research laboratory. Subjects also decreased their
      evaluation of the intensity of the same stimulus as N2O was inhaled at various
      concentrations; their aversion to the same stimulus tended to be influenced by
      N2O to a greater extent than perceived intensity. Anxiety levels were reduced to
      a statistically significant degree.

PMID- 6579092
TI  - A survey of radiographs obtained at the initial dental examination and patient
      selection criteria for bitewings at recall.
AB  - This paper reports the results of a 1980 survey of a 27% simple random sample of
      all practicing dentists in North Carolina. The objective of the survey was to
      establish current practice standards regarding panoramic, full-mouth series, and
      bitewing radiographs. A total of 414 dentists (76.2% of those surveyed)
      responded. A questionnaire recorded demographic data on the dentists, age
      specific prevalence data on the type of radiograph most often done at a patient's
      initial visit, and prevalence of radiographs based on need as perceived by the
      dentist and assessed separately for a variety of patient characteristics (age,
      oral hygiene, caries activity, fluoride treatment, and systemic medical
      problems). Results of the survey of a subset of 338 dentists in general practice
      showed the median age to be 40 with a median length of experience of 13 years. At
      an initial visit, for patients younger than 12, bitewing radiographs only were
      most commonly taken; for patients older than 12, bitewings plus a panoramic
      radiograph were taken. Full-mouth series plus bitewings were rarely performed
      among patients younger than 6 years (2.1% of the time), but were more commonly
      performed as patients aged (29.0% for patients aged 40 and older). A variety of
      patient characteristics were considered for their impact on the need for bitewing
      radiographs on recall. Caries activity was ranked most important by the general
      dentist, followed by oral hygiene and periodontal activity.

PMID- 6579093
TI  - Clinical considerations in the diagnosis and treatment of intra-alveolar root
      fractures.
AB  - Clinical and radiographic data collected from the 14 cases of intra-alveolar root
      fractures, with follow-ups of one to 25 years, complement the findings of other
      investigators in that the prognosis of the endodontium is extremely favorable. A
      survey of reports indicate that 75% to 80% of the pulps in intra-alveolar root
      fractures recover with no need of any endodontic therapy. Furthermore, pulpal
      pain is seldom encountered. Although the electric pulp tester is considered an
      important diagnostic tool, it does have limitations. The significance of the
      negative response is questionable, especially in young, undeveloped teeth with
      open apexes. The failure to respond to the tester may be attributed to a high
      electrical impedance. As nociceptor nerve fibers are last to develop, failure to
      respond to the tester in young teeth may give a false signal of pulp necrosis.
      Traumatized vital teeth often give an initial negative response, as does a tooth
      with rapid dentin deposition. Fracture detection can be increased by taking X
      rays from more than one angle. Radiolucent areas occur in the region of the root
      fracture more readily than in the periapical region, in a ratio of 7 to 1.
      Variations in angulations can give false impressions of complete dentinal union
      and complete or incomplete calcification of the pulpal space and an illusion of a
      comminuted fracture. The latter seldom occur in intra-alveolar root fractures.
      Furthermore, the apparent obliteration of the canal and pulp chamber, as seen on
      the radiograph, does not imply total obliteration with calcific tissue. The root
      canals are most often patent and negotiable.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6579094
TI  - The broken needle: report of case.
AB  - After any patient who is to receive a local anesthetic has given informed consent
      about the possibility of broken instruments, the practitioner should carefully
      prepare the patient and instrumentation for a successful anesthetic. If a needle
      does break and cannot be immediately removed, the practitioner should not try to
      retrieve it. The patient should be referred to a knowledgeable specialist
      familiar with the detailed anatomy of the head and neck and the surgical removal
      of foreign bodies from the same.

PMID- 6579095
TI  - The prevalence of dental fear and avoidance: a recent survey study.
AB  - This study evaluates the current incidence of dental fear and avoidance in the
      general population. A telephone survey, using a random dialing procedure, was
      used as a means of data collection. Results indicated that 11.7% of the
      respondents reported high dental fear, and another 17.5% reported moderate dental
      fear. Results also disclosed that 36.5% of those surveyed had not been to the
      dentist in over a year. Approximately 15.5% of the respondents surveyed had some
      degree of dental fear and were dental avoiders (using the criterion of no dental
      visitation for at least one year). These findings highlight the fact that
      additional attention and research efforts still need to be dedicated to dealing
      with the highly fearful and avoidant dental patient.

PMID- 6579096
TI  - Comparison of physical properties of commercial calcium hydroxide lining cements.

PMID- 6579097
TI  - Root surface measurements of mandibular molars using stereophotogrammetry.
AB  - Ten mandibular first molars were hemisected and the root surface of each root was
      measured using stereophotogrammetry and computer analysis. In each tooth the
      mesial root was determined to have a greater surface area than the distal root.
      This difference was statistically significant. The fact that the mesial root has
      the larger surface area must be a consideration when hemisection is planned.

PMID- 6579098
TI  - Status report on amalgamators. Council on Dental Materials, Instruments, and
      Equipment.

PMID- 6579099
TI  - American National Standards/American Dental Association Specifications. Council
      on Dental Materials, Instruments, and Equipment.

PMID- 6579100
TI  - Advertising standards of the American Dental Association.

PMID- 6579101
TI  - Acute and chronic clonidine treatment in Tourette's syndrome: a preliminary
      report on clinical response and effect on plasma and urinary catecholamine
      metabolites, growth hormone, and blood pressure.

PMID- 6579102
TI  - Behavioral toxicity to medications in a six-year-old boy: a genetic marker?

PMID- 6579103
TI  - The developmental effects of prostaglandin D2 on the pulmonary and systemic
      circulations in the newborn lamb.
AB  - Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) lowers pulmonary arterial blood pressure without changing
      systemic arterial blood pressure in fetal and newborn lambs but increases
      pulmonary arterial pressure in older animals. We investigated the effect of PGD2
      on the circulation in 15 newborn lambs, some studied intermittently from 1 to 30
      days of age, with induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. PGD2 was infused
      intravenously in doses of 1 to 25 micrograms/kg per min. During the first 3 days
      of life, a 5 micrograms/kg per min infusion decreased mean pulmonary arterial
      pressure by 33.9%, increased mean systemic arterial pressure by 11.5% and
      increased cardiac output by 7.3%. After 15 days of age there was a 10.7% increase
      in mean pulmonary arterial pressure, a 1.8% decrease in mean systemic arterial
      pressure and a 6.1% increase in cardiac output. Pulmonary vascular resistance
      decreased by 38.2% in the first 3 days of life but increased by 9.9% after 15
      days of life. With this progressive pulmonary vasoconstriction, there was
      systemic vasodilation with advancing age. Similar age specific effects were seen
      with 1 and 25 micrograms/kg per min infusions. The specificity of PGD2 for the
      pulmonary circulation and the attenuation of its vasodilating properties during
      the first week of life suggests that PGD2 may be important in the regulation of
      pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary blood flow during the immediate
      perinatal period.

PMID- 6579104
TI  - [Ultrastructural demonstration of the direct amygdaloid projections to the dorsal
      motor nucleus of the vagus nerve in the rat].

PMID- 6579105
TI  - [The electrical cell communication between acinar cells of rat submandibular
      gland after parasympathectomy].

PMID- 6579106
TI  - [Adherence of oral microorganisms to dental restorative materials (in vivo)].

PMID- 6579107
TI  - [Fundamental studies on the denture base resin treated with surface smoothing
      agent (1). Bending properties].

PMID- 6579108
TI  - [Fundamental studies on the denture base resin treated with a surface smoothing
      agent (2). Compressive and tensile properties].

PMID- 6579109
TI  - [Fundamental studies on the denture base resin treated with a surface smoothing
      agent (3). Physical properties and abrasive resistance].

PMID- 6579110
TI  - [Ambient air contamination with anesthetic gases in the operating theater. 1.
      Present conditions in the Hiroshima University Dental Hospital].

PMID- 6579111
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy studies on the healing process following
      experimental pulpotomy].

PMID- 6579112
TI  - [Statistical and descriptive analysis of patients with cleft palate speech
      treated in the Division of Speech Disorders, Hiroshima University Dental
      Hospital].

PMID- 6579113
TI  - [Clinico-pathological studies of postoperative maxillary cyst--a consideration on
      its etiology].

PMID- 6579114
TI  - [Experimental studies on bacterial invasion into radicular dentinal tubules of
      infected root canals].

PMID- 6579115
TI  - [Endotoxic activity of infected root canal contents].

PMID- 6579116
TI  - [Collagen in alveolar bone tissue - age-related changes of pyridinoline cross
      link contents].

PMID- 6579117
TI  - Inhibitory effect of a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, 6-methoxy-4
      phenyl-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2-(1H)-quinazolinone, on prostaglandin
      biosynthesis.

PMID- 6579118
TI  - [A case of skeletal Class III treated with a maxillary forward protractor in
      mixed dentition].

PMID- 6579119
TI  - [A case of completely impacted mandibular second deciduous molar].

PMID- 6579120
TI  - [An adult case of canine cross-bite: changes in form and function following
      treatment].

PMID- 6579121
TI  - [Two orthodontic cases treated with utility arch to correct overbite].

PMID- 6579122
TI  - [Effect of polishing on staining and plaque formation on composite resins].

PMID- 6579124
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy study on periodontally diseased root surfaces].

PMID- 6579123
TI  - [Root canal filling materials containing calcium hydroxide. 3. Tissue reactions
      of the apical region after immediate filling of the pulpectomized root canal].

PMID- 6579125
TI  - [Effect of toothbrushing instruction for the children at nursery schools in
      Hiroshima City].

PMID- 6579126
TI  - [Ultrastructural cytochemical studies on the embryonic cytodifferentiation of the
      secretory epithelium in mouse submandibular gland].

PMID- 6579127
TI  - Electron microscopic and fluorescence histochemical studies on the gustatory
      organ of African clawed toad, Xenpus laevis.

PMID- 6579128
TI  - Cytotoxicity in promyelocytic cell lines.

PMID- 6579129
TI  - Treating root hypersensitivity.

PMID- 6579130
TI  - ABC's periodontics. "A" is for amputation.

PMID- 6579131
TI  - Dental and oral effects observed in a long-term tobacco chewer: case report.

PMID- 6579132
TI  - [Biological safety of nickel-chromium alloys].

PMID- 6579133
TI  - [Characteristics and handling of light-polymerized resins].

PMID- 6579135
TI  - [Partially adjustable articulator].

PMID- 6579134
TI  - [Tissue reactions to ceramic implants].

PMID- 6579136
TI  - [How to use dental floss].

PMID- 6579137
TI  - [Manifestation of psychological disorders in dental patients].

PMID- 6579138
TI  - [A scanning electron microscopy study of subgingival plaque formation in patients
      with periodontitis].

PMID- 6579139
TI  - [Effect of advancing periodontitis on the dental pulp].

PMID- 6579141
TI  - [Improvement of periodontal tissue by minor tooth movement].

PMID- 6579140
TI  - [The endogenous and succinate respiration of healing canine gingiva, using the
      oxygen electrode technic].

PMID- 6579142
TI  - [Root Surface area. 3: surface areas of root trunks, furcations and divisional
      roots of molars].

PMID- 6579143
TI  - [A comparison of the effect of various plaque disclosing materials on plaque
      accumulation].

PMID- 6579144
TI  - Separation of 7 alpha- and 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities from
      clostridium absonum ATCC# 27555 and cellular response of this organism to bile
      acid inducers.
AB  - Both 7 alpha- and 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDH) were induced by
      either chenodeoxy-(CDC) or deoxycholic (DC) acid in C. absonum. 7 beta-HSDH was
      partially purified 35-fold from CDC-induced cultures of C. absonum by Procion Red
      (PR) affinity chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
      using a TSK 3000 SW gel filtration column. A relative molecular weight of 200 K
      was estimated for 7 beta-HSDH using Sephacryl S-300 chromatography. Sodium
      dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of the 35-fold
      purified 7 beta-HSDH showed six polypeptides in the molecular weight range of 40
      50 K. Induction of cultures of C. absonum with CDC or DC (0.4 mM) also resulted
      in the differential synthesis of at least five new polypeptides with molecular
      weights of 94 K, 42 K, 32 K, 21 K, and 16 K. The 16 K polypeptide was induced by
      DC but not by CDC. SDS-PAGE of Triton X-100-solubilized membranes from these
      extracts revealed the presence of a new membrane-associated polypeptide of
      molecular weight 80 K. The soluble inducible polypeptides were eliminated during
      purification of the 7 alpha- and 7 beta-HSDH and, therefore, are not required for
      these enzyme activities. It is proposed that this organism synthesized 7 alpha-
      and 7 beta-HSDH as well as a series of other proteins in response to bile acids
      which may, in the absence of the dehydrogenases, be toxic to C. absonum. The
      HSDH's catalyze the epimerization of chenodeoxycholic acid to ursodeoxycholic
      acid, which is less toxic than the chenodeoxycholic acid. The other proteins may
      assist the survival of the organism in a high bile acid environment by mechanisms
      not yet understood.

PMID- 6579145
TI  - Masticatory muscle transposition in primates: effects on craniofacial growth.
AB  - The effects of early transposition of the masticatory muscles on the craniofacial
      growth and development of infant primates are documented with the aid of serial
      cephalometry, EMG's, and dry-skull preparations. The bilateral posterior
      transposition of the insertion of the masseter and temporalis muscles was
      followed by a significant superior and anterior rotation of the midfacial growth
      pattern as well as by marked skeletal morphological changes. The study documents
      the ability to change skeletal craniofacial growth patterns by altering muscle
      attachments.

PMID- 6579146
TI  - 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha -a new tumour marker for tumours in the maxillo-facial region.
AB  - The diagnosis of secondary or recurrent tumour growth after operations on primary
      maxillo-facial tumours is still only possible at a late stage. On the other hand,
      the prostaglandins of the E series assume an important role in connection with
      tumour growth. The present investigation succeeded for the first time in
      detecting an increase in the level of 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha, the stable metabolite of
      PGI2, before planned radical operation in patients with maxillo-facial tumours.
      In the further course of the illness it was possible to establish a correlation
      between the plasma values and the occurrence of metastasis or recurrence of
      disease. These results indicate that a certain significance can be attributed to
      6-oxo-PGF1 alpha as a tumour marker.

PMID- 6579147
TI  - Cancrum oris: principles of management and reconstructive surgery.
AB  - A survey of 140 cases of cancrum oris in Nigerian Africans is presented. The
      salient clinical features, the problems of management and the modern approaches
      to the reconstruction of facial deformities seen in this disease are described.
      Mainly affected were children under the age of 10 years and the commonest
      involvement was the full thickness of the cheek. A high incidence of ankylosis
      was noted and the methods of anaesthesia and surgical correction of ankylosis are
      examined. The number of patients presenting for reconstruction of facial defects
      due to cancrum oris appears to be increasing. Preventive measures that may reduce
      the incidence of the disease are suggested.

PMID- 6579148
TI  - A pseudo-tumour of the mandible in a haemophiliac patient. A case report.
AB  - The presence of a rare pseudo-tumour of the mandible in a haemophiliac justifies
      the presentation of this case in which the history and the clinical and
      radiological examinations were sufficient for a presumptive diagnosis. The
      authors present a case of pseudo-tumour of the mandible in a boy, with a history
      of haemophilia following a traumatic injury. They comment on the clinical and
      radiological aspects and surgical technique employed. The patient underwent the
      surgical treatment after the administration of 1000 U. of factor VIII. The whole
      pseudo-tumour was removed. The postoperative follow up one year after surgery was
      normal both clinically and radiologically.

PMID- 6579149
TI  - Calcifying odontogenic cyst: a survey of 23 cases in the Japanese literature.
AB  - The clinical, radiographic and histological characteristics of the calcifying
      odontogenic cyst were studied in 23 well-documented cases in the Japanese
      literature. The cysts occurred equally in males and females whose mean age was 21
      years. The appeared as a painless swelling with cortical expansion and involved
      the maxilla three times more often than the mandible. There was no report of the
      lesion involving the soft tissues. Radiographically, the lesions were unilocular
      in most cases and contained aggregates or dispersed foci in the radiolucencies
      which were diagnosed as odontomes in 5 cases. Unerupted teeth and root resorption
      of the adjacent teeth were noted in approximately half of the cases. Except for
      one case, they were simply enucleated under a diagnosis of cyst or odontome and
      recurrence was encountered in no case. The excised specimens consisted of cystic
      sacs mostly containing calcified materials with or without tooth-like structures
      which were histologically diagnosed as odontomes in 10 cases. An intimate
      relationship between the cysts and the unerupted teeth was observed in 4 out of
      10 cases. The pathogenesis of the lesion is discussed.

PMID- 6579150
TI  - The significance of tracheostomy in the management of fractures of the facial
      skeleton.
AB  - Although tracheostomy in relation to maxillofacial injuries has been performed
      for a long time, opinions differ about the necessity and indications for this
      procedure. In the present study 44 cases of tracheostomy in patients with
      maxillofacial trauma are reported and the results analysed. The case for
      tracheostomy, the indications and contra-indications are presented and discussed.

PMID- 6579151
TI  - Mandibular traction for relieving respiratory distress in the Pierre Robin
      Anomaly. A case report.
AB  - A case of Pierre Robin Anomaly with severe, prolonged respiratory distress and
      feeding difficulties is presented. The respiratory distress is adequately
      relieved by mandibular forward traction. The procedure employing a mandibular
      suspension and elastic traction system is described. Feeding under the traction
      was successful, providing more effective self-control of the tongue. The authors
      recommend the mandibular traction device described here as a very simple life
      saving approach to the problems in the Pierre Robin Anomaly.

PMID- 6579152
TI  - Visual training for velopharyngeal closure in cleft palate patients; a
      fibrescopic procedure (preliminary report).
AB  - Velopharyngeal closure in various tasks was examined in 59 cleft palate patients
      with persistent velopharyngeal incompetence using nasopharyngeal fibrescopic
      (NPF) examination. The degree of velopharyngeal closure was analyzed according to
      the categories reported previously by Yamaoka (1973) and Matsuya et al. (1979).
      The NPF self-training system was developed and applied to those patients so as to
      investigate a longitudinal effect of the NPF in velopharyngeal closure mechanism.
      The training was performed every two weeks for nearly one year. The results
      indicated that the patient who showed complete velopharyngeal closure during
      blowing and/or several productions of speech samples could attain a much better
      improvement in all speech samples after one year of self-training. On the other
      hand, the patients who did not show complete velopharyngeal closure during all
      tasks, failed to improve the velopharyngeal closing mechanism. The ability to
      close the velopharynx during swallowing was seen in all patients examined.
      However, it appeared to have nothing to do with the prognosis of velopharyngeal
      closure. The data suggested that the NPF self-training system provided a strong
      neuro-muscular signal for velopharyngeal movement. Besides, it was considered
      that the NPF was a useful tool for activation of velopharyngeal activity by way
      of visual feed-back control.

PMID- 6579153
TI  - Autogenous rib grafts in maxillofacial surgery.
AB  - A review of 41 patients in whom rib grafts were used has shown that this is a
      relatively simple, reliable and safe procedure for obtaining autogenous bone. The
      incidence of pneumothorax was significantly lower than that previously reported.

PMID- 6579154
TI  - Rhomboid-to-"W" technique for excision and closure of facial skin lesions.
AB  - The authors present their experience with the rhomboid-to-W excision technique
      for cutaneous lesions in the face, its utilization in lesions of more than 20
      mm., and a modification of the original method. This type of reconstruction using
      the adjacent triangular flaps forming a "W", leads to a barely-visible scar. The
      advantages of this surgical procedure are also enumerated.

PMID- 6579155
TI  - Late results following the Brosch-procedure for treating large mandibular ramus
      cysts.
AB  - The Brosch-procedure and its modification, removal of the lingual cortex, for
      treatment of large cysts of the mandibular ramus is presented. 29 patients were
      treated by this method in the period 1961-1979. In a late follow-up it was found
      that recurrence occurred within 2 years in 8 of the 21 patients with odontogenic
      keratocysts. No recurrence could be found in patients with other cysts. Seven of
      the recurrences occurring within the first 2 years were treated under local
      anaesthesia. One patient with Gorlin's syndrome refused further treatment and 9
      years postoperatively cystic expansion of the whole ascending ramus and
      ipsilateral mandibular body was present. It was noted that bone regeneration,
      irrespective of the nature of the causative cyst, is generally complete in two
      years.

PMID- 6579156
TI  - Three-dimensional analysis for prediction and assessment of mandibular movement
      in orthognathic surgery in the ramus.
AB  - A new method (Three-Dimensional (3-D) Analysis of Mandibular Movement) was
      developed to evaluate the movement of the mandible during surgery and in
      postoperative years, in three dimensions. The analysis was done with the aid of
      preoperative cephalograms and preoperative, predicted and postoperative dental
      models. The method consisted of measuring the amount and direction of the
      movements of defined points on the dental models and displaying the movement of
      other bony landmarks in the cephalometric tracings by coordinate transformation.
      All the calculations for the coordinate transformation were performed with the
      aid of a micro-computer. The results of an analysis with the method in two cases
      indicated that it is quite useful in determining the operative procedure as well
      as in evaluating the postoperative stability of the mandible, because in addition
      to the vertical and antero-posterior movement, it enables us to see the lateral
      movement of the mandible.

PMID- 6579157
TI  - The disco-malleolar ligament: a possible cause of subjective hearing loss in
      patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
AB  - The presence of aural symptoms in patients with temporomandibular joint
      dysfunction has been known for a long time. Although many suggestions have been
      made as to their cause, none has yet proved adequate. In this article reports are
      given on four patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction presenting with
      aural symptoms, the pertinent literature is reviewed, and a new theory of their
      causation is discussed.

PMID- 6579158
TI  - A bilateral total cleft of lip and hard and soft palate and transverse cleft face
      with an atypical paramedian defect of the lower lip and lower jaw on the right
      side. A case report of a new syndrome?
AB  - A three-month-old male baby who has a complete bilateral cleft of the lip and
      hard and soft palate, and a right unilateral transverse facial cleft, with an
      atypical paramedian defect of the lower lip and jaw is reported in detail. As
      these associated malformations are very rare, it may represent a new dysmorphic
      syndrome.

PMID- 6579159
TI  - Excessive pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus: a case report.
AB  - A rare case, where excessive pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus resulted in a
      clinically obvious swelling of the temporal region and proptosis of the globe on
      the affected side, is reported. The relevant literature is discussed.

PMID- 6579160
TI  - Lipoma of the tongue: a case report.

PMID- 6579161
TI  - Some letters on Jewish Medical Ethics.
AB  - Specializing in Jewish Medical Ethics--a term, I believe, first used as the title
      of my doctor's thesis (1955) subsequently condensed and revised in book form
      (1959)--I frequently receive inquiries from individuals and organizations seeking
      guidance on the Jewish attitude to moral issues in medicine. After a review of my
      voluminous correspondence on many phases of this subject, I have made a small
      selection on a variety of topics. The correspondence on the last of the four
      topics, 'Medical Experimentation on Animals', is the longest, because it contains
      an element of polemics. Since this might make it of special interest to the
      Journal's readers, and since this subject is infrequently discussed in the
      literature of Medical Ethics, I decided to include it in this brief selection.

PMID- 6579162
TI  - Androgen 5 alpha-reductase and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities in
      ventral prostate epithelial and stromal cells from immature and mature rats.
AB  - To study androgen-mediated differentiation in the rat ventral prostate, we
      separated the two principal cell types (epithelial and stromal) derived from
      prostates of immature and mature rats on two continuous Percoll gradients. Cells
      were immediately placed in culture medium. Testosterone metabolism by the two
      prostatic cell types was evaluated using [3H]testosterone and quantifying the
      formation of 5 alpha-[3H]dihydrotestosterone (5 alpha-DHT) and 5 alpha
      [3H]androstane-(3 alpha or 3 beta), 17 beta-diols. In epithelial cells from both
      immature and mature rat prostates the major testosterone metabolites were 5 alpha
      DHT and 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol. Stromal cells metabolized less
      testosterone than did the epithelial cells. Differences in the relative levels of
      the various metabolites were observed for the two age groups. To examine in more
      detail the changes in testosterone metabolism observed in vitro both types of
      cells and unfractionated cells from immature and mature rat prostates were
      assayed for testosterone 5 alpha-reductase (using testosterone as substrate) and
      3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (using 5 alpha-DHT as substrate) activities
      (expressed as pmol substrate reduced/min per 10(6) cells). In immature rats both
      5 alpha-reductase and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities were
      localized in the epithelial cell fraction (17 and 52 respectively); stromal cells
      showed lower 5 alpha-reductase and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity
      (4 and 4). Relative to epithelial cells from immature rats epithelial cells from
      mature rats showed a decrease in 5 alpha-reductase (7) and an increase in 3 alpha
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (160) activity while stromal 5 alpha-reductase
      showed little change (3) and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase increased to
      22.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6579163
TI  - Prolactin-binding capacity, prostaglandin synthesis and fluidity of murine
      hepatic membranes are modified during pregnancy and lactation.
AB  - The objective of these studies was to determine whether the changes observed in
      prolactin-binding capacity of mouse liver microsomal membranes during pregnancy
      and lactation correlated with those observed in the fluidity and prostaglandin
      (PG)-synthesizing activity of these membrane preparations. Prolactin-binding
      capacity increased with the advance of pregnancy to reach a peak at 16 days of
      gestation and declined thereafter to non-pregnant, non-lactating (NPNL) levels.
      Membrane microviscosity, studied by fluorescence polarization, was significantly
      decreased throughout early gestation but returned to NPNL levels by day 20 of
      gestation and remained unchanged thereafter. The amount of PGE synthesized in
      vitro by these membranes increased during gestation to reach a peak at 12 days of
      gestation but declined thereafter to below NPNL levels on the day of parturition
      and returned to NPNL levels by day 20 of lactation. Synthesis of PGF2 alpha
      remained at a higher level from day 12 to day 18 followed by a decline in
      activity at parturition to NPNL levels. These changes and other data suggest an
      interrelationship of receptor levels, fluidity and PG synthesis during pregnancy.
      Such modifications in local PG synthesis may influence the fluidity of these
      membranes, which ultimately play a significant role in maximal exposure of
      membrane receptors during pregnancy.

PMID- 6579164
TI  - The survivability of F43 strain of Streptococcus sanguis in root canals filled
      with gutta-percha and Procosol cement.

PMID- 6579165
TI  - The periodontal ligament injection: histological effects on the periodontium in
      dogs.

PMID- 6579166
TI  - Internal bleaching of tetracycline-stained teeth in dogs.

PMID- 6579167
TI  - Evaluation of tissue reaction to endodontic materials.

PMID- 6579168
TI  - Continued root development after apexification of an immature tooth with dens
      invaginatus.

PMID- 6579169
TI  - Incidence of pain associated with clinical factors during and after root canal
      therapy. Part 2. Postobturation pain.

PMID- 6579170
TI  - Comparison of the relative risk of molar root perforations using various
      endodontic instrumentation techniques.

PMID- 6579171
TI  - Retrograde instrumentation and obturation of the root canal space.

PMID- 6579172
TI  - A model for teaching the Buccal Object Moves Most Rule.

PMID- 6579173
TI  - A new technique of selective anesthesia for diagnosing acute pulpitis in the
      mandible.

PMID- 6579174
TI  - Evaluation of the effects of carbon dioxide used as a pulpal test. 1. In vitro
      effect on human enamel.

PMID- 6579175
TI  - A study of the strength of endodontic files: potential for torsional breakage and
      relative flexibility.

PMID- 6579176
TI  - Serum immunoglobulin levels and bacterial flora in subjects with acute oro-facial
      swellings.

PMID- 6579177
TI  - Clinical investigation of in vivo endodontically treated mandibular anterior
      teeth.

PMID- 6579178
TI  - Sickle cell anemia: an etiological factor in pulpal necrosis.

PMID- 6579179
TI  - Orthodontic external root resorption--endodontic considerations.

PMID- 6579180
TI  - Apical closure of nonvital permanent incisor teeth where no treatment was
      performed: case report.

PMID- 6579181
TI  - Diplopia resulting from a mandibular injection.

PMID- 6579182
TI  - A magnifying lens comparative evaluation of conventional and ultrasonically
      energized filing.

PMID- 6579183
TI  - A scanning electron microscopic investigation of principal and accessory foramina
      on the root surfaces of human teeth: thoughts about endodontic pathology and
      therapeutics.

PMID- 6579184
TI  - An evaluation of Kodak Ektaspeed periapical film for use in endodontics.

PMID- 6579185
TI  - The use of ultrasonics in the removal of the smear layer: a scanning electron
      microscope study.

PMID- 6579186
TI  - Endodontic therapy of an unusual maxillary permanent first molar.

PMID- 6579187
TI  - Evaluation of the effects of carbon dioxide used as a pulpal test. Part 2. In
      vivo effect on canine enamel and pulpal tissues.

PMID- 6579188
TI  - In vivo remineralization of carious dentine treated with 10% solution of stannous
      fluoride.

PMID- 6579189
TI  - A study of the cutting efficiency of seven brands of endodontic files in linear
      motion.

PMID- 6579190
TI  - A scanning electron microscope study comparing the efficacy of hand
      instrumentation with ultrasonic instrumentation of the root canal.

PMID- 6579191
TI  - Idiopathic bone cavity associated with a necrotic pulp and facial cellulitis.

PMID- 6579192
TI  - Endodontic treatment modalities for external root resorption associated with
      impacted mandibular third molars.

PMID- 6579193
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of vertical root fractures.

PMID- 6579194
TI  - Expanded use of the electronic canal length measuring devices.

PMID- 6579195
TI  - Moistness, more than temperature variation, prevents autolysis of pulp tissue in
      avulsed teeth.

PMID- 6579196
TI  - Maxillary first molars with six canals.

PMID- 6579197
TI  - The maxillary sinus--revisited by an endodontist.

PMID- 6579198
TI  - Incidence of pain associated with clinical factors during and after root canal
      therapy. Part 1. Interappointment pain.

PMID- 6579199
TI  - The retrieval of foreign objects from root canals: a simple aid.

PMID- 6579200
TI  - A teaching aid for maxillary molar palatal root surgery using an in vitro model.

PMID- 6579201
TI  - Susceptibility to Friend helper virus leukemias in CXB recombinant inbred mice.
AB  - The seven CXB recombinant inbred strains were tested for susceptibility to Friend
      helper virus (F-MuLV) hematopoietic neoplasms. BALB/c and CXB-H mice develop
      erythroblastosis after neonatal inoculation with F-MuLV, while C57BL/6 and the
      six other RI strains develop lymphoma and myelogenous leukemia. This strain
      distribution pattern is different from that for H-2, Gpd-1 (linked to Fv-1), Fv
      2, Rfv-3, and Cv (linked to Rmcf) but the same as that for Bv, the endogenous
      ecotropic virus of C57BL/6. However, analysis of crosses segregating Bv show that
      resistance to F-MuLV erythroblastosis is not linked to Bv. Disease-free survival
      is shortest for BALB/c mice, intermediate for CXB-H and CXB-J, and longest for
      C57BL/6 and the other RI strains. We conclude: (a) the major C57BL/6 gene for
      resistance to F-MuLV erythroblastosis is different from previously identified
      Friend virus restriction loci; (b) latency for F-MuLV leukemias is controlled by
      more than one gene; and (c) latency and susceptibility to F-MuLV erythroblastosis
      are not inherited concordantly in the CXB-RI strains.

PMID- 6579202
TI  - Comparison of 20-oxosteroids and cortisol in urine as parameters of
      adrenocortical function.
AB  - The coefficient of correlation between values for urinary 20-oxosteroids and
      urinary cortisol was 0.75 in 106 24-hours urines. Urinary cortisol was usually
      the more specific and sensitive parameter for the evaluation of adrenocortical
      function. With an analysis time of 4-5 hours for 100 samples, the method for
      cortisol was also faster and cheaper. Furthermore, the intra- and interassay
      variances of 2.7 and 8.2%, respectively, indicate high precision.

PMID- 6579203
TI  - Prostaglandin E--vasopressin interrelation in the syndrome of inappropriate
      secretion of antidiuretic hormone.

PMID- 6579204
TI  - Diagnostic criterion of granulomatous thyroiditis by the needle aspiration
      cytopathology.

PMID- 6579205
TI  - Mitral plication annuloplasty for mitral regurgitation--a new surgical technique.

PMID- 6579206
TI  - [Transcatheter coil embolization of renal cell carcinoma].

PMID- 6579207
TI  - Lupus band test in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 6579208
TI  - Peripheral vascular thrombosis in primary nephrotic syndrome.

PMID- 6579209
TI  - Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula: results of treatment and
      factors affecting survival.

PMID- 6579210
TI  - Right ventricular function in acute myocardial infarction and chronic coronary
      artery disease.

PMID- 6579211
TI  - Bone marrow involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

PMID- 6579212
TI  - [Porokeratosis--report of 10 cases].

PMID- 6579213
TI  - Temporal arteritis--a case report.

PMID- 6579214
TI  - [Idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis].

PMID- 6579215
TI  - Postinfarction ventricular septal rupture.

PMID- 6579216
TI  - [A case of osteoma in the nasal cavity].

PMID- 6579217
TI  - Acute renal failure and hepatic injury following multiple wasp stings--report of
      2 cases.

PMID- 6579218
TI  - Characterization of the purified anticoagulant principles from Apis mellifera
      (honey bee) venom.

PMID- 6579219
TI  - Selective antagonism by uranyl nitrate against Formosan Krait venom--Part I.

PMID- 6579220
TI  - [Left ventricular function in patients with postoperative hypoparathyroidism and
      primary hyperparathyroidism].

PMID- 6579222
TI  - [Eruptive vellus hair cysts--a first case report in Taiwan].

PMID- 6579221
TI  - [Toxic shock syndrome--report of 2 cases].

PMID- 6579223
TI  - Ultrastructural studies on human atrial myocardium after prolonged hypothermic
      anoxic arrest in cardiac operation.

PMID- 6579224
TI  - A study on complications of percutaneous renal biopsy with 2 marker method.

PMID- 6579225
TI  - [Real-time abdominal echography in the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis].

PMID- 6579226
TI  - Total hip replacement. II. Five-year post-operative radiographic study.

PMID- 6579227
TI  - [Primary carcinoma of the gallbladder].

PMID- 6579228
TI  - Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

PMID- 6579230
TI  - Lumbar hernia simulating an adrenal pseudotumor - case report - a CT diagnosis.

PMID- 6579229
TI  - [Osteogenic sarcoma of the head and neck--report of 5 cases].

PMID- 6579231
TI  - Humoral components of immunological response in primary IgA glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 6579232
TI  - Study on the reliability of HbA1 as a stable index of diabetic control.

PMID- 6579234
TI  - Comparison of 2 methods for high density lipoprotein cholesterol quantitation on
      automatic analyzer.

PMID- 6579233
TI  - Increased circulating platelet aggregates and coagulation factors in patients
      with Blackfoot disease.

PMID- 6579236
TI  - The criteria for sampling and determining of E rosette-positive acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6579235
TI  - [Ultrasonographic patterns of primary carcinoma of the gallbladder].

PMID- 6579237
TI  - Abdominal aortic aneurysm in Marfan's syndrome--a case report.

PMID- 6579238
TI  - [A case of fibrosarcoma of the mandible].

PMID- 6579239
TI  - An adult case of Andersen's disease--Type IV glycogenosis. A clinical,
      histochemical, ultrastructural and biochemical study.
AB  - A middle-aged man presented with a thirty-year history of progressive,
      asymmetrical limb-girdle weakness. The muscle biopsy revealed a vacuolar
      myopathy. The vacuoles which did not disrupt the fibre outline, lay in a
      subsarcolemmal position. They were PAS-positive and the material was partially
      resistant to diastase digestion. Electron microscopy showed the vacuoles to
      contain free unbound glycogen with filamentous material. Leucocyte brancher
      enzyme activity was normal but the muscle activity was less than half the control
      value. Histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of the storage material
      resemble the amylopectin polysaccharide deposits seen in childhood Type IV
      glycogenosis.

PMID- 6579240
TI  - Combining nursing quality assurance and research programs.
AB  - This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of combining nursing
      quality assurance and research programs in clinical settings. The intended
      audiences and scopes of quality assurance and research differ, causing potential
      conflicts in combined programs. Such conflicts include the methods of
      disseminating findings, action taken on data obtained, analytic methods used, and
      issues of territoriality. However, advantages of combining these programs are
      great. Nursing research can be introduced into the clinical setting via quality
      assurance; resultant studies are more likely to be of direct clinical relevance;
      and results are more likely to be integrated into practice when programs are
      combined rather than separate. Combined programs are also cost efficient.

PMID- 6579241
TI  - Nursing needs and resources assessment: work in progress.

PMID- 6579242
TI  - A response to the evaluation of the NYS Hospice Demonstration Project.

PMID- 6579243
TI  - Isolation and partial characterization of a sulfated glycoprotein from a Kaposi's
      sarcoma.

PMID- 6579245
TI  - Multimodality steroid therapy of erosive and ulcerative oral lichen planus.

PMID- 6579244
TI  - A photometric method for assessing in vitro plaque formation.

PMID- 6579246
TI  - Lingual osseous choristoma.

PMID- 6579247
TI  - Malignant Schwannoma of the inferior alveolar nerve: report of a case.

PMID- 6579248
TI  - Infected central neurofibroma of the mandible. Report of a case.

PMID- 6579249
TI  - Carcinoma of the lip in xeroderma pigmentosum. A case report.

PMID- 6579250
TI  - Benign cementoblastoma. (Report of an atypical case).

PMID- 6579252
TI  - New twists in the control of health care costs.

PMID- 6579251
TI  - Pitfalls of simultaneous orthognatic and rhinoplastic reconstruction.

PMID- 6579253
TI  - Microsurgical reconstruction of the infraorbital nerves.
AB  - The pathogenesis of damage to and the microsurgical anatomy of the infraorbital
      nerve are reviewed. Indications for surgery and a microsurgical technique for
      decompression and scar removal or anastomosis of the nerve are presented. Results
      from seven surgical cases indicate a high degree of successful regeneration, with
      complete return of sensation occurring in six cases.

PMID- 6579254
TI  - Venous complications of intravenous diazepam.
AB  - In an attempt to clarify the confusion about venous complications from
      intravenous diazepam, a study of 2,468 consecutive oral surgery and general
      dentistry cases in which diazepam was used was undertaken. It was found that 7.9%
      of the patients experienced local phlebitis and 4.5%, thrombophlebitis during the
      week after the injection. These findings were correlated with age, weight, sexual
      gender, dosage, type and duration of procedure, and degree of apprehension
      experienced by the patient.

PMID- 6579255
TI  - On the genesis of "dry socket".
AB  - One major school of thought regarding the pathogenesis of a dry socket occurring
      following tooth extraction is based on the concept that a blood clot fails to
      form, a concept that is, however, refuted by the clinical symptoms associated
      with the phenomena of a dry socket. A second theory maintains that, initially,
      clot formation takes place, but that the clot is subsequently lysed, bringing
      about the severe symptoms of a dry socket. Fibrinolysis generated by tissue
      activators only partly explains the occurrence of a dry socket. Based on the data
      accumulated in the literature, it is postulated that bacterial agents are
      involved in the fibrinolysis and that Treponema denticola may play a leading part
      in this process.

PMID- 6579256
TI  - The microbiologic flora of orofacial abscesses.
AB  - Fifty orofacial abscesses were studied using culture techniques for both aerobic
      and anaerobic organisms. Eighty-six per cent of the specimens contained
      anaerobes; of this group, 39 per cent had organisms resistant to penicillin.

PMID- 6579257
TI  - Blood pressure fluctuations in hypertensive patients during oral surgery.
AB  - The lability of blood pressure during oral surgical procedures and the effects of
      antihypertensive drugs on this lability have not been investigated sufficiently
      to evaluate potential medical risks. The purpose of this study was to accurately
      evaluate blood pressure fluctuations during oral surgical procedures in three
      groups of patients: normotensive patients; stratum I hypertensive patients not
      taking medication; and stratum I hypertensive patients taking antihypertensive
      medication. Blood pressure measurements were recorded by an American Heart
      Association certified technician at baseline, immediately prior to surgery,
      during administration of the local anesthetic, during the surgical procedure, and
      15 minutes after surgery. Analysis of variance indicated that the blood pressure
      fluctuations (systolic and diastolic) among these five intervals were not
      statistically significant for any of the groups. The clinical significance of the
      above findings is that stratum I hypertensive patients experience minimal
      fluctuations in blood pressure that are no greater than those in normotensive
      patients and, therefore, may present no greater clinical risk during the dental
      stress associated with certain oral surgical procedures.

PMID- 6579258
TI  - Periodontal evaluation of two mucoperiosteal flaps used in removing impacted
      mandibular third molars.
AB  - This study compared the results of two types of access flap used in removing
      impacted mandibular third molars. Fifteen patients were given periodontal
      examinations consisting of measurements of attachment level, level of the
      gingival margin, and width of the masticatory mucosa at three locations around
      the mandibular second molars. The examinations were done preoperatively, and two,
      six, and 12 weeks after removal of the impacted molars. Analyses of variance
      indicated that there was no significant difference between the two flap
      techniques and, therefore, the choice of flap technique is one of operator
      preference. There was a significant decrease in mean sulcus depth at all measured
      points for either flap technique, indicating a generally healthier condition
      around mandibular second molars 12 weeks after the surgical removal of mandibular
      third molars.

PMID- 6579259
TI  - Proliferation of pulpal tissues following early transplantation of developing
      teeth.
AB  - The responses of pulpal tissues were assessed histologically in teeth that had
      been transplanted as soon as crown formation was completed. The teeth were
      unerupted at the time of surgery and were transferred to other bony crypts, where
      attempts were made to reproduce their natural alignment. The pulpal tissues
      remained viable, although variations occurred in cellularity, vascularity and
      texture. There was widespread production of intrapulpal bone and osteodentine,
      and confluence of these tissues with proliferating apical and adjacent bone often
      resulted in ankylosis. The view was supported that transplanted dental tissues
      have a strong likelihood of surviving if the procedure is undertaken relatively
      early during tooth development; however, structural variations and ankylosis may
      compromise their subsequent value.

PMID- 6579260
TI  - Central giant cell granuloma of the mandible.

PMID- 6579261
TI  - Carcinoma of the lung presenting as a mandibular metastasis.

PMID- 6579262
TI  - New method for reduction of acute anterior dislocation of the mandible.

PMID- 6579263
TI  - The relationship of occlusal wear to occlusal contact area.
AB  - It has been suggested that masticatory efficiency is directly related to the area
      of the occlusal surfaces that make contact. However, little work has been carried
      out to determine if occlusal wear increases the area of contact, and controversy
      exists as to whether this would be an advantage. Using a wax registration method,
      occlusal contact area was measured in a group of individuals with either local or
      generalized wear, before and after treatment. The changes in occlusal contact
      area were statistically significant for the group exhibiting generalized wear but
      not for the group exhibiting localized war.

PMID- 6579264
TI  - Initial physical tests of aluminoborate cements in the context of periodontal
      dressing development.
AB  - A new glass ionomer cement system (aluminoborate) is under consideration for
      dental applications, including the possibility of a periodontal dressing
      material. Following the development of pertinent adhesive and rheological tests,
      two experimental formulations were selected by a simple screening procedure and
      subjected to appropriate adhesive tests. One formulation proved satisfactory and
      was subjected to a rheological test in addition. The possible role of
      aluminoborates as periodontal dressing materials is discussed.

PMID- 6579266
TI  - Development of the swallowable composition of food in normal dentate subjects.
AB  - This study aimed to find out the changes which occur in the frequency
      distribution of the size of particles produced during mastication of a convenient
      mouthful of hard-baked soya beans to its swallowable composition (SC), and to
      identify the particles which undergo rapid pulverization. In this group the total
      number of masticatory strokes utilized to prepare food for the SC varied between
      forty and eighty masticatory strokes. All the subjects produced a similar pattern
      of the frequency distribution of particles produced at the end of mastication and
      when mastication was interrupted at a particular phase. Particles larger than
      1180 micrometers were pulverized to form particles smaller than 1180 micrometers.
      Most rapid pulverization was seen in particles of 2400 micrometers whereas
      particles of average size 655 micrometers, formed rapidly.

PMID- 6579265
TI  - Laser techniques for the evaluation of wear in Class II restorations.
AB  - A technique for the quantitative determination of the changes in surface
      topography of restorations during wear has been developed. This involves the
      optical contouring of the surface using a laser, and the generation of contour
      maps. Several different methods for interpreting these maps are discussed. A
      computer-aided method is the most consistently accurate and measures wear volume
      to an accuracy of 2--5%.

PMID- 6579267
TI  - Pigmented soft tissue lesions. Part one.

PMID- 6579268
TI  - Oral health care for the elderly - the dental hygienist's role.

PMID- 6579270
TI  - A tale of three practices.

PMID- 6579269
TI  - The geriatric patient in the dental office.

PMID- 6579271
TI  - [Preferential action of naloxone on stimulation-produced inhibition of the evoked
      potentials by tooth pulp stimulation in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis of the
      rat].

PMID- 6579272
TI  - [Purification and characterization of the lectin present on the cell surfaces of
      Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10557].

PMID- 6579273
TI  - [Location of the cell body and the peripheral course of the axon of the
      motoneurons supplying the rat hypobranchial muscle group, with special reference
      to the geniohyoid and infrahyoid muscles: a study using the HRP method].

PMID- 6579274
TI  - [Stimulation of human monocyte migration by immunomodulating components from
      bacterial cell surfaces and related compounds].

PMID- 6579275
TI  - [Phagocytosis of oral actinomyces by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, with special
      reference to the involvement of the opsonic activity of anti-actinomyces serum
      and cell surface components].

PMID- 6579276
TI  - [Effect of shark cartilage-derived factor on chondrocytes from growth costal,
      nasal septal and mandibular condylar cartilages].

PMID- 6579278
TI  - Experimental gingivitis in humans. A clinical and histologic investigation.
AB  - AN EXPERIMENTAL GINGIVITIS STUDY was carried out to relate the clinical
      parameters (plaque and gingival index) to the histologic appearance of the
      associated gingival lesions. Fifteen third-year dental students took part in the
      study. Following the withdrawal of oral hygiene, biopsies were taken on days 0,
      4, 8 and 21 of the experimental period. A statistically significant association
      was found between the plaque and gingival indices and the various time intervals
      throughout the experimental period (P less than 0.001). At day 0, although all
      sites had a GI of 0, all but 2 of the 15 specimens showed some degree of
      inflammation. Histologically, these lesions consisted of over 60% lymphocytes,
      while plasma cells comprised less than 5% of the infiltrating population.
      Although the degree of inflammation increased both clinically and histologically
      throughout the experimental period, the nature of the infiltrate did not change
      significantly. Lymphocytes remained as the dominant cell type. In fact, no
      association was seen between the degree of inflammation and the nature of the
      infiltrating cells.

PMID- 6579277
TI  - Ultrastructural study of new connective tissue attachment following phosphoric
      acid application on human root dentin.
AB  - THE PRESENT STUDY was undertaken to verify whether acid conditioning of the root
      surface can promote new connective tissue attachment in man. A flap was raised
      over two maxillary central incisors, with 6-mm pockets, which had to be extracted
      in a 72-year-old woman. Following root planning, a rectangular area was
      delineated by a groove on the buccal surface of the teeth. Inside these limits,
      cementum was removed and the denuded dentin was etched with a 50% gelified
      phosphoric acid solution (pH, 1.3) for 1 minute and the flap was repositioned.
      Forty-two days later, the experimental teeth were extracted, and undecalcified
      specimens were prepared routinely for transmission electron microscopy. Results
      showed that new connective tissue attachment had occurred between healing
      connective tissues and acid-treated dentin surface, with functionally oriented
      Sharpey's fibers. The mechanism of new connective tissue attachment could be
      observed as a typical cementum crystallites deposition on a denuded dentin matrix
      coupled with an active collagen fibrils synthesis. This process resulted in the
      incorporation of fibers into the new superficial layer of cementoid tissue.

PMID- 6579279
TI  - Relationship between proximal tooth open contacts and periodontal disease.
AB  - ONE HUNDRED FOUR adult subjects (mean age 42.8 years, SD = 16.3 years) with
      unilateral open contacts were assessed interproximally for periodontal status at
      both the open and contralateral closed contact. An open contact was defined by
      unrestricted passage of unwaxed dental floss through the interproximal area.
      Gingival index, crevicular bleeding, probing depth, attachment level, debris,
      calculus and tendency for food impaction in each study area were recorded. Less
      debris was seen at open contacts (P less than 0.001). However, increased probing
      depth (0.27 mm, P = 0.002) and attachment loss (0.48 mm, P less than 0.001) were
      found at the open contacts. Small but statistically significant relationships
      were observed between side to side differences in food impaction and both probing
      depth (P = 0.005) and attachment level (P = 0.006). Differences in calculus index
      and attachment level were associated similarly (P = 0.003).

PMID- 6579280
TI  - Distribution and readability of periodontal health education literature.
AB  - THIS INVESTIGATION was undertaken to determine the distribution pattern and
      readability level of 20 widely distributed printed items containing periodontal
      health education literature. Average annual distribution was obtained from
      distributors of the material. The Minnesota Interactive Readability Approximation
      Program (MNIRAP) was used to determine the reading skill (educational grade
      level) necessary to understand each of the pieces of literature. Results
      indicated that over two million pieces of printed materials were distributed
      annually. The MNIRAP analysis revealed that three of the 20 materials studied
      (15%) would be understood by persons reading at sixth-grade level. Those reading
      at the 10th-grade level would understand seven of the 20 materials (35%), while
      the 12th-grade level would allow individuals to understand 17 of them (85%). Only
      those reading as well as a typical third-year college student could be expected
      to understand all of the materials analyzed.

PMID- 6579281
TI  - Ultrastructure of nondecalcified supragingival and subgingival calculus.
AB  - THE ULTRASTRUCTURE of nondecalcified supragingival and subgingival calculus was
      studied in mature deposits. To facilitate sectioning of the embedded material, a
      thin reinforcing film of plastic was painted on the block. A new film was applied
      for each section. Light microscopy showed that supragingival calculus was
      heterogeneous with islets of calcified material within the covering plaque and
      with noncalcified areas within the calculus. Under transmission electron
      microscopy supragingival calculus was heterogeneous, dominated by microorganisms,
      small needle-shaped crystals and large ribbon-like crystals. In the covering soft
      plaque small crystals were often scattered in the intermicrobial matrix. In the
      supragingival calculus itself noncalcified microorganisms were surrounded with
      densely packed small crystals. There were also rosettes and bundles of large
      crystals. Subgingival calculus was homogeneous in light microscopy. The covering
      plaque contained no calcified material and only calcified material was seen
      within the calculus itself. Transmission electron microscopy of subgingival
      calculus revealed crystals of small size only. Subgingivally very few
      noncalcified microorganisms were seen within the calculus. The bacterial cell
      wall seemed to be the structure that was last calcified, both supragingivally and
      subgingivally.

PMID- 6579282
TI  - Fibroblast cytotoxicity associated with plasma cells and lymphocytes in chronic
      periodontitis lesions in rats.
AB  - INTERDENTAL PERIODONTITIS LESIONS in rats 20 to 27 months of age were found to
      contain large aggregations of plasma cells and lymphocytes. Fibroblasts in areas
      of dense immunocyte infiltration appeared damaged. The close juxtaposition of
      both plasma cells and lymphocytes to the altered fibroblasts suggests that a
      cytotoxic effect of immunocyte origin might be a significant element in
      connective tissue alteration in advanced periodontitis lesions in older rats. At
      the ultrastructural level, the damaged fibroblasts exhibited alteration of the
      nucleus, loss of cytoplasmic content including microfilaments and microtubules,
      swelling and degeneration of mitochondria and Golgi vesicles and cisternae.
      Dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, including the perinuclear cisterna,
      along with vesiculation of the cytoplasmic membranes, suggests osmotic
      dysfunction in various cellular organelles.

PMID- 6579283
TI  - Amphetamine-induced hyperphagia and obesity caused by intraventricular or lateral
      hypothalamic injections in rats.
AB  - Overeating and obesity relative to controls was produced by multiple bilateral
      injections of 0.5 mg of amphetamine in the lateral ventricles of female rats
      eating a palatable, high fat diet. This behavioral and physiological rebound
      following the expected period of anorexia was accompanied by long-term depletion
      of dopamine in the striatum and of norepinephrine in the hypothalamus. This
      suggested the next experiment in which 50 micrograms of amphetamine were injected
      repeatedly in the lateral hypothalamus; again a brief period of anorexia was
      followed by hyperphagia and chronic obesity. This suggests that amphetamine acts
      in the lateral hypothalamus not only to suppress feeding, but in high doses it
      may also have local neurotoxic effects that cause an upward shift in body weight
      maintained by overeating.

PMID- 6579284
TI  - A six-year retrospective study of Molloplast-B-lined dentures. Part II: Liner
      serviceability.
AB  - A 6-year retrospective investigation was conducted into the serviceability of
      Molloplast-B-lined dentures with the following results: The Molloplast-B-lined
      denture is not a temporary expedient but can remain serviceable for a time
      competitive with that of conventional acrylic resin dentures. All the soft liners
      were still serviceable after 4 years and 83% after 6 years. The longevity of the
      soft liner is dependent on correct processing procedures and proper home care.
      The three liners judged as unserviceable exhibited excessive wrinkling, and all
      had been soaked in a bleach-type cleanser. The resilience of the liner is
      dependent on its thickness. The optimum thickness is approximately 3 mm. The
      resilience of the liner did not decrease with time. No noticeable wear of the
      soft liner was observed. Staining was present in about half the soft liners.
      Smoking was commonly associated with staining and odor of the soft liner.

PMID- 6579285
TI  - The effect of denture cleansers on temporary soft liners.
AB  - Circular samples of commonly used liners were prepared and immersed in solutions
      of nine cleansers. Solutions were changed daily for a period of 1 month. Six
      properties were tested: color change, porosity, surface distortion, size change,
      water sorption, and solubility. Statistical analysis was applied to measurements
      to evaluate performance of both cleansers and liners. The results demonstrate
      that selection of a liner cannot be based on a single property. Changes in
      resiliency of the liners were not tested in this experiment, but it is recognized
      that this could be an important factor in liner selection. The liners found to be
      least affected by the cleansers were Lynal, Tissuedyne, F.I.T.T., and Hydro-Cast,
      in that order. Viscogel, Softone, and Veltec were most affected. Clorox/Calgon
      and Miller demonstrated the same overall average performance, tying for first
      place for four of the liners. Clorox/Calgon was compatible with most liners (six
      of eight). Mersene and Duo tied for third and fourth places. The thickness of
      liner materials made little difference on the effects of the cleansers on the
      properties evaluated.

PMID- 6579286
TI  - Effects of chemical denture cleaners on the flexibility of cast clasps.

PMID- 6579287
TI  - A classification and evaluation of composite resin systems.

PMID- 6579288
TI  - An evaluation and comparison of the pulpal response to gold foil and indium
      alloy.
AB  - All teeth restored with gold foil had pulpal changes marked by persistent
      hemorrhage, destruction of odontoblasts, and inflammation. Bacteria were found
      more frequently on cavity walls of teeth restored with gold foil and with
      increasing frequency for all materials as the observation period became longer.
      The presence or absence of bacteria could not be related to the pulpal response
      for either indium alloy or gold foil. Because this and previous studies indicated
      that gold foil in direct contact with prepared dentin surfaces produces pulpal
      injury, a base to protect the pulp is indicated. Indium alloy or another
      appropriate base could be used for the required pulpal protection.

PMID- 6579289
TI  - Marginal leakage of contemporary cementing agents.

PMID- 6579290
TI  - Fabrication of a flexible prosthesis for the edentulous scleroderma patient with
      microstomia.
AB  - The exercise prosthesis serves as an interim device to achieve an increased
      opening of the jaws. Once the patient is able to insert the existing denture or
      when an impression tray can be placed in the patient's mouth without extreme
      discomfort, its purpose will have been achieved; the dentures should be relined
      or remade. Some patients need only achieve slight increases in the maximal
      vertical oral opening to make prosthetic treatment possible (Fig. 6). While this
      technique is useful for the edentulous scleroderma patient, it may have
      application for individuals with limited mouth opening secondary to facial burns
      or other scarring. It is suggested as an alternative to surgical correction
      through bilateral commissurotomies.

PMID- 6579291
TI  - Evaluation of the effects of palatal augmentation on partial glossectomy speech.
AB  - Patients who have had surgical removal of part of the tongue are left with
      varying degrees of speech deficiencies. Augmentation of the palate has been
      suggested as a means of compensation for this deficiency. This pilot study
      suggests a technique for evaluating prosthodontic efforts to improve speech for
      partial glossectomy patients. Although firm conclusions cannot be based on the
      observations of one patient, it appears that both the shape of the palatal
      surface and the contour of the cavity size anterior to the tongue are important
      factors to be considered in prosthodontic efforts to optimize fricative sound
      production for partial glossectomy patients. Further studies with patients who
      have a wider variety of tongue resections are indicated. The technique described
      is an effective one for further studies.

PMID- 6579292
TI  - Statistical study of the angle formed by the lateral part of the mandibular
      condyle and the horizontal plane.
AB  - The angle between the LCA and frontal plane and the inclination of the lateral
      part of the mandibular condyle and the horizontal plane were measured in a sample
      of the skulls used in the study. Correlation between the two angles was found to
      be almost insignificant. Fifty-eight percent of the TMJs had an inclination of
      the lateral part of the condyle less than 15 degrees. The maximum value for this
      angle was found to be 45 degrees, and the minimum was -6 degrees.

PMID- 6579293
TI  - Oral findings in osteoporosis. Part I: Measurement of mandibular bone density.

PMID- 6579294
TI  - Accurate protrusive registrations for patients edentulous in one or both jaws.

PMID- 6579295
TI  - Conventional radiography compared with arthrography in internal derangements of
      the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6579296
TI  - Post-radiation sarcoma. A report of four cases.

PMID- 6579297
TI  - Safety first.

PMID- 6579298
TI  - The microscope and the telescope.

PMID- 6579299
TI  - Proceedings of a forum on the use of fissure sealants in public health programs.
      Sponsored by the Dental Health Section, American Public Health Association.

PMID- 6579300
TI  - Caries distribution and the case for sealants.

PMID- 6579301
TI  - Comments and questions on the use of pit-and-fissure sealants.

PMID- 6579302
TI  - The cost of sealant application in a state dental disease prevention program.
AB  - A school-based pit-and-fissure sealant activity was developed by the Dental
      Health Section, Health Services Division, New Mexico Health and Environment
      Department as an adjunct to an ongoing dental disease prevention program. The
      sealants were applied by dental hygienist and dental assistant teams using a
      "four-handed" technic. The teams took portable dental equipment directly into the
      schools to apply the sealants to newly erupted permanent teeth. The costs to seal
      15,281 teeth in 3,272 children were calculated to be $1.59 per tooth, and $7.41
      per child. The average time for sealant application was nine minutes, 24.6
      seconds per child. The one-year retention rate was 83 percent complete retention
      and 10 percent partial retention.

PMID- 6579303
TI  - Effect of PGF-2 alpha on uterine activity, and concentrations of 13, 14-dihydro
      15-keto-PGF-2 alpha in peripheral plasma during parturition in the tammar wallaby
      (Macropus eugenii).
AB  - Intravenous administration of PGF-2 alpha or an analogue stimulated uterine
      contractility in gravid uteri during seasonal quiescence and late pregnancy. The
      exogenous PGF-2 alpha was metabolized to 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF-2 alpha (PGFM)
      which was assayed in peripheral plasma by a radioimmunoassay. PGFM was cleared
      from the circulation with a half life of 8-15 min. Blood samples were taken
      approximately every 6 h from Day 26 to Day 30 from tammars which were expected to
      give birth on Day 27-28. Basal levels of PGFM were less than 400 pg/ml, and only
      occasional samples contained higher PGFM concentrations. Therefore, if uterine
      PGF-2 alpha release is elevated at parturition in tammars, the corresponding rise
      of circulating PGFM is either small or of short duration.

PMID- 6579304
TI  - Cervical softening in late pregnant sheep by infusion of prostaglandin E-2 into a
      cervical artery.
AB  - Cervical softening was induced in late pregnant sheep by infusion of PGE-2 into a
      cervical artery. The effect of this treatment was assessed by measurement of the
      extensibility in vitro of a strip of cervical tissue. After infusion of a
      saline/ethanol mixture extensibility was 2.84 X 10(-3) +/- 0.3 X 10(-3) min-1
      (mean +/- s.e.m., N = 5); after infusion of PGE-2 it increased significantly (P
      less than 0.02) to 8.6 X 10(-3) +/- 1.8 X 10(-3) min-1 (N = 6). Infusion of PGE-2
      did not increase uterine activity, and there was no significant change in the
      concentration of progesterone in the maternal jugular venous plasma. These data
      suggest that PGE-2 might act as a mediator of cervical softening in vivo and show
      that the cervix can soften in the absence of uterine contractions.

PMID- 6579305
TI  - Effects of intrauterine infusion of oestradiol-17 beta and prostaglandin E-2 on
      luteal function in non-pregnant heifers.
AB  - Non-pregnant heifers (4/group) received intrauterine infusions of vehicle,
      oestradiol-17 beta (150 ng), PGE-2 (250 micrograms), or oestradiol + PGE-2 every
      6 h from 12:00 h on Day 13 to 06:00 h on the day of subsequent oestrus or 06:00 h
      on Day 21 (day of oestrus = Day 0). Ten of 12 heifers receiving vehicle,
      oestradiol or PGE-2 returned to oestrus by Day 21, whereas none of the heifers
      receiving oestradiol + PGE-2 returned to oestrus by Day 21. Jugular venous
      progesterone concentrations of vehicle- and PGE-2-treated heifers declined
      rapidly after Day 15 and were basal (less than 1 ng/ml) by Day 20. For heifers
      receiving oestradiol infusions, systemic progesterone levels did not decline
      until after Day 18, but were again basal by Day 20. Heifers treated with
      oestradiol + PGE-2 maintained elevated systemic progesterone levels until Day 21
      after oestrus. In addition, the corpora lutea of the heifers treated with
      oestradiol + PGE-2 were heavier (P less than 0.01) and contained more (P less
      than 0.05) progesterone than did corpora lutea of the heifers in the other 3
      groups on Day 21 (3.4 g and 19.52 micrograms/g and 1.2 g and 1.65 micrograms/g,
      respectively). It is concluded that oestradiol-17 beta and PGE-2, both of which
      are produced by the bovine conceptus and secreted from the gravid uterus, may act
      synergistically to maintain luteal function during early pregnancy in the cow.

PMID- 6579306
TI  - Tetracyclic chromophoric analogues of actinomycin D: synthesis, structure
      elucidation and interconvertibility from one form to another, antitumor activity,
      and structure-activity relationships.
AB  - Two different tetracyclic chromophoric analogues of actinomycin D have been
      synthesized by engaging two chromophoric DNA-binding functions in actinomycin D,
      i.e., 2-amino and 3-oxo, into either a 1,4-oxazin-2-one or an oxazole ring
      system. A third analogue has an extra quinone function at C-8 of the oxazole
      analogue. In all the analogues the chemical integrity of the peptide lactones of
      the parent antibiotic is kept intact, but their sterochemistry is altered. The
      analogues are designed as transport-modified prodrug forms of either the
      tricyclic active analogues of actinomycin D or actinomycin D itself. All
      analogues exhibit cytotoxicity that is several-fold less potent than AMD; they
      also have no binding affinity toward extracellular DNA. Nonetheless, the
      analogues of the first and the third series show improved antitumor activities
      (P388 leukemia, CDF1 mice). In fact, two of these analogues having a phenyl
      substituent at the C-3 site of the oxazinone ring or the C-2 position of the 8
      oxo-8H-oxazole ring exhibit the highest antitumor effects. Most of the analogues
      are active over a broader dose range than actinomycin D and are 6- to 16-fold
      less cytotoxic to human lymphoblastic leukemia (CCFR-CEM) cells in vitro. The
      analogues with the most pronounced antitumor activity are those that retain most
      elements in the peptide stereochemistry of actinomycin D and have a quinone
      function or demonstrate susceptibility of their chromophores to
      biotransformation.

PMID- 6579307
TI  - Misdiagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 6579308
TI  - Guidelines for Optimal Handling of Chemically Impaired Physicians in a Hospital
      Setting.

PMID- 6579309
TI  - Campylobacter gastroenteritis associated with raw clams.

PMID- 6579310
TI  - Foodborne hepatitis A associated with cheeseburgers.

PMID- 6579311
TI  - Pediatric surgery in the community hospital.

PMID- 6579312
TI  - Consequences of living in a hair-trigger alert era.

PMID- 6579313
TI  - Abdominal distention syndrome in a patient receiving cimetidine-nortriptyline
      therapy.

PMID- 6579315
TI  - The impaired physician and the family.

PMID- 6579314
TI  - Analysis of vitamin status.

PMID- 6579316
TI  - FDA issues pediatric respiratory device alert.

PMID- 6579317
TI  - [Second-look operations and chemotherapy for malignant tumors of the brain].
AB  - Second-look operations for glioblastomas, one of the most malignant types of
      brain tumor, were performed after the administration of chemotherapeutic
      treatments of general-VM 26 plus ACNU, local-MTX, or interferon-beta in each of
      ten, two, and three cases, respectively. Patients who had received the treatments
      were divided into two groups, living and deceased, as of August 1982. Therapeutic
      evaluation was performed with clinical parameters. Among the cases of CR, one (a
      14-year-old female) had undergone surgery four times in the four years following
      onset, and no trace of tumor shadow appeared on the CT grams that were taken one
      month after the last surgery. Her performance was evaluated as almost 100%
      (ECOG). In cases of local administration, one case, which had been treated with
      IFN-beta, demonstrated an apparent decrease in the growth fraction and a
      pronounced decrease in tumor progression potency. Cell kinetic analyses were also
      performed, and cell cycle time and growth fraction were estimated by computer
      with the aid of flow cytometry. Efficacious chemotherapy yielded a decreased
      value of the growth fraction and an increase in cell cycle time. The decreased
      value of the growth fraction demonstrates especially well the effectiveness of a
      chemotherapeutic regimen. The cell kinetic analyses aided in the rational
      establishment of a chemotherapeutic regimen. Second-look operations for malignant
      brain tumors will enable more effective refinements in chemotherapeutic regimens
      and more successful results.

PMID- 6579318
TI  - [Differentiation induction of acute leukemia cells and its clinical usefulness].

PMID- 6579319
TI  - [Clinical analysis of adult acute leukemia without successful induction of
      remission].

PMID- 6579320
TI  - [Acute myeloblastic leukemia with transient loss of A and H antigens of the red
      blood cells--a case report].

PMID- 6579321
TI  - [Successful prevention of cerebrovascular attack in chronic myelocytic leukemia
      with cytapheresis].

PMID- 6579322
TI  - [Intravenous globulin preparations for infectious diseases complicated with
      various hematologic diseases].

PMID- 6579323
TI  - [Primary hyperlipoproteinemia type 3].

PMID- 6579324
TI  - Lymphocyte transformation test in lepromatous leprosy patients and their healthy
      siblings.
AB  - Lymphoproliferative response to M. leprae, PHA, PPD and mixed leucocyte culture
      (MLC) were measured in 20 cases of lepromatous leprosy, 17 of their normal
      healthy siblings and 15 healthy controls. 7 siblings of LL patients were HLA-D
      identical, which was identified by doing MLC reaction. All healthy siblings
      including HLA-D identical responded normal to all stimulating agents including M.
      leprae antigen. In contrast 20 cases of LL responded very poorly to M. leprae
      antigen and almost near normal to other stimulating agents. The specific
      unresponsiveness of LL patients to M. leprae antigen does not result from an HLA
      linked genetic defect and the defective CMI response to M. leprae antigen seems
      to be acquired and not genetically determined.

PMID- 6579325
TI  - Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

PMID- 6579326
TI  - Meningococcal meningitis and complement (C6) deficiency.

PMID- 6579328
TI  - The jury and Rocky Mountain unspotted fever.

PMID- 6579327
TI  - Endodermal sinus tumors of gonadal and extragonadal origin.

PMID- 6579329
TI  - AIDS in South Carolina.

PMID- 6579330
TI  - The coming generation of antidepressant therapy.

PMID- 6579331
TI  - The Angelchik prosthesis in surgery for esophageal reflux.

PMID- 6579332
TI  - An empirical assessment of the impact of the revised commitment laws in South
      Carolina.

PMID- 6579333
TI  - Treatment and follow-up of acute leukemia in children 1973-1982.

PMID- 6579334
TI  - The SP Frame.

PMID- 6579336
TI  - An in-service training program for general dentistry faculty.

PMID- 6579335
TI  - Vertical root fractures: diagnosis & consequences.

PMID- 6579337
TI  - [67Ga-citrate in the differential diagnosis of benign lesions and lung cancer].
AB  - A total of 77 patients with tumors and benign lesions of the lungs were examined.
      In addition to the x-ray method the use of a study with 67Ga-citrate was found
      appropriate in the differential diagnosis of spheroidal lesions of the lungs.

PMID- 6579338
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of leukemias. II. Chronic leukemia].

PMID- 6579339
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the 5'-terminal region of rat 18S ribosomal DNA.
AB  - The 5'-terminal 597 base-pairs (bp) of the Sprague-Dawley rat 18S ribosomal RNA
      gee and 10 bp of the adjoining transcribed spacer have been sequenced. Previously
      sequenced 10 large oligonucleotides of rat 18S RNA were located in this region.
      This mammalian sequence has been compared with the known sequences of yeast and
      frog 18S rDNA's. The analysis indicates that 534 bp of the 597 bp (89%) are
      conserved between rat and frog sequences but only 75% of the nucleotides are
      conserved between rat and yeast in this region. Two large and two small sections
      have been identified where insertions have been introduced during evolution. Of
      these 58 bp long inserted sections of the rat rDNA sequence, 50 bp (86%) were G-C
      base-pairs.

PMID- 6579340
TI  - Changes in lipoproteins and subfractions following oophorectomy and oestrogen
      replacement in peri-menopausal women.
AB  - Serum cholesterol concentrations in lipoprotein fractions and subfractions were
      determined in 11 peri-menopausal women both before and after bilateral
      oophorectomy, as well as 60 days after commencement of oral oestradiol
      replacement therapy. Pre-operatively, all subjects were found to have normal
      lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. There was a post-operative increase in the
      total cholesterol level, which was attributed to a raised very-low-density
      lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol. Changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
      subfractions HDL-2 and HDL-3 were noted but since these were compensatory little
      difference in total HDL cholesterol was observed. Following oral oestrogen
      replacement, the cholesterol level decreased as a result of a drop in both VLDL
      and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. The oestradiol-induced HDL
      cholesterol increment reflected an increase in the levels of both HDL
      subfractions.

PMID- 6579341
TI  - Prognosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood as determined by
      cytogenetic studies at diagnosis.
AB  - Fifty-one children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia on a common protocol of
      treatment were classified according to presence or absence of chromosomal
      abnormalities found at the time of diagnosis in bone marrow and/or blood. Twenty
      two or 43% had normal karyotypes while 29 (57%) had clonal abnormalities using
      the Giemsa-trypsin banding technique. Thirteen of the 29 (45%) chromosomally
      abnormal patients relapsed while only three of 21 (14%) with normal karyotypes
      have relapsed with a median follow-up of 49.5 months (42-76 months). (One child
      with a normal karyotype did not respond to therapy.) Several hypotheses have been
      offered to attempt to explain the significantly better prognosis of patients with
      no observable initial chromosomal aberrations.

PMID- 6579342
TI  - Treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Malaysia, 1976-1982.
AB  - One hundred four children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia were diagnosed at
      the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, between 1976 and 1982; 87 were
      evaluable with respect to treatment. They were divided into good prognosis (GP)
      and bad prognosis (BP) groups based on their initial total white cell count,
      their treatment differing only during the maintenance phase. Remission was
      achieved in 82 patients (94%) of whom ten (12%) subsequently died in remission
      from infection. Twenty-eight (34%) relapsed while on treatment and three while
      off therapy. Eleven patients ceased treatment after 3 yr of continuous complete
      remission (CCR). Three of these later relapsed, two within the first year.
      Survival in CCR was significantly better in the GP group up to 30 months, after
      which the difference diminished. There was no difference in survival between boys
      and girls. The overall disease-free survival at 3 yr and 5 yr was 40% and 25%,
      respectively, with a median follow-up period of 20 months (range 4-69 months).
      The reasons for the relatively low survival rates as compared with those in
      developed countries are discussed.

PMID- 6579343
TI  - Morphologic changes in blast cells of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      in relapse.
AB  - Relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on therapy may be due
      to development of a resistant clone of blast cells. Seven children who presented
      initially with the "common"-type, L1 lymphoblast relapsed with a morphologically
      different and more undifferentiated blast cell. All were male, with a median age
      of 12 years at initial presentation. One child who relapsed while off therapy was
      successfully reinduced and remains in hematologic remission on therapy. The
      remaining 6 children died within 10 months of relapse. Selection of a resistant
      clone of lymphoblasts by chemotherapy may be responsible for relapse in children
      with ALL and should be studied in hopes of controlling the disease.

PMID- 6579344
TI  - Energy-dependent reduced drug binding as a mechanism of Vinca alkaloid resistance
      in human leukemic lymphoblasts.
AB  - We studied the accumulation of [3H]vinblastine (VLB) by lines of CCRF-CEM
      cultured human leukemic lymphoblasts that were either sensitive or resistant to
      the drug. Neither cell line metabolized VLB, nor selectively retained any
      radioactive impurities. There was an apparent "instantaneous" accumulation of VLB
      by cells of both lines, resulting in cell to medium ratios greater than 1.0
      within 1 sec after drug addition. Experiments between 0 and 60 sec revealed that
      the presumed undirectional initial rate of VLB accumulation by resistant cells,
      termed CEM/VLB100, was about one-half that of sensitive CEM cells. In experiments
      carried out over 60 min, the VLB-resistant cells accumulated considerably less
      [3H]VLB than did the sensitive cells. Drug accumulation by both cell lines was
      temperature-sensitive, since incubation of cells at 4 degrees resulted in only
      minimal uptake beyond that observed at zero time. CEM/VLB100 cells retained less
      drug than did CEM cells, apparently because of a larger fraction of readily
      releasable VLB compared with CEM cells. The accumulation of VLB by either cell
      line was related in part to cellular levels of ATP. Although depletion of ATP was
      associated with decreased accumulation of VLB by CEM cells, it was related to
      enhanced drug accumulation by CEM/VLB100 cells. Restoration of ATP levels to near
      control values by addition of glucose also had opposite effects on the two cell
      lines, causing further accumulation of VLB by the sensitive line but leading to
      apparent drug efflux from the resistant line. Potentially competing substrates
      (VM-26, colchicine, daunorubicin, and doxorubicin) failed to block this glucose
      mediated release of VLB from the CEM/VLB100 cells. In experiments with energy
      depleted CEM/VLB100 cells preloaded with VLB and then incubated in drug-free
      medium, initial drug loss was shown to be independent of cellular metabolism,
      being roughly the same for both metabolically intact and metabolically depleted
      cells. Glucose (energy) was required only for subsequent release of what appeared
      to be a more tightly bound cell-associated fraction of VLB. Results of zero-time
      binding studies tended to confirm that VLB binding by resistant cells has two
      components, one requiring and the other not requiring metabolic energy.
      Differences in the proportions of these two components between the sensitive and
      resistant cells suggest a mechanism for resistance to VLB and similar compounds.

PMID- 6579345
TI  - Home care for children on respirators.

PMID- 6579346
TI  - Leukemic karyotype in CFU-C of a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6579347
TI  - Chromosome 16 and bone-marrow eosinophilia.

PMID- 6579348
TI  - Philadelphia chromosome-negative progenitors in chronic granulocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6579349
TI  - Mediation committees. Conflict resolution--the easy way.

PMID- 6579350
TI  - So you want to buy a computer.

PMID- 6579351
TI  - Should I incorporate?

PMID- 6579352
TI  - Where have all the dental mechanics gone?

PMID- 6579353
TI  - Presidential address.

PMID- 6579354
TI  - Applicability of the North Carolina Right to a Natural Death Act as amended in
      1983.

PMID- 6579355
TI  - Recent changes in the supply and distribution of physicians in North Carolina.

PMID- 6579356
TI  - Please pass me the onions and the socks--lidocaine toxicity.

PMID- 6579357
TI  - Successes of and challenges to our State Health Department.

PMID- 6579358
TI  - Medicine and pharmacy.

PMID- 6579359
TI  - Whatever happened to starch blockers?

PMID- 6579360
TI  - Shingles.

PMID- 6579361
TI  - Multiple problems challenge the internist.

PMID- 6579362
TI  - The importance of the dental exam.

PMID- 6579363
TI  - Changing health care scenes.

PMID- 6579364
TI  - Aids.

PMID- 6579365
TI  - Reflections on midtrimester pregnancy termination by dilation and evacuation in a
      free-standing facility.

PMID- 6579366
TI  - The promotion of physician well-being.

PMID- 6579367
TI  - Hospital medical staff and the impaired or troubled physician.

PMID- 6579369
TI  - Uninsured pregnant women of North Carolina: whose responsibility? A private
      practitioner's viewpoint.

PMID- 6579368
TI  - Ascariasis at North Carolina Memorial Hospital.

PMID- 6579370
TI  - Legislative report. Anatomy of a bill.

PMID- 6579371
TI  - Some light on the charge brigade--disc battery ingestion.

PMID- 6579372
TI  - The continuous vision lens.

PMID- 6579374
TI  - An epilepsy information network for North Carolina.

PMID- 6579373
TI  - Distended neck veins.

PMID- 6579376
TI  - Fact sheet on nutritional supplements.

PMID- 6579375
TI  - Nonprescription appetite suppressants.

PMID- 6579377
TI  - Should the AMA support an indemnity system of payment for physicians' services?

PMID- 6579378
TI  - Hospital utilization patterns in North Carolina: implications for cost of care.

PMID- 6579379
TI  - Aloe Vera, true and false.

PMID- 6579380
TI  - [Local resection of osteosarcoma of the femur after chemotherapy followed by
      reconstruction with an endoprosthesis].

PMID- 6579381
TI  - [Bulimia].

PMID- 6579382
TI  - [Late results of irradiation of the head and neck region].

PMID- 6579383
TI  - [Mandibular deficiency: cephalometric aspects of surgical-orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6579384
TI  - [Anorexia nervosa].

PMID- 6579385
TI  - [The protective effect of 0.4% and 1.2% F-Elmex Gel on sound and lightly
      demineralized enamel. An in vitro experiment].

PMID- 6579386
TI  - [Tooth root implants under complete dentures].

PMID- 6579387
TI  - [The first interim report of the Advisory Commission on Dental Education].

PMID- 6579389
TI  - [The changing role of the teacher in dental education].

PMID- 6579388
TI  - [Aspects of social dentistry and the role of behavioral sciences in dentistry].

PMID- 6579390
TI  - [Treatment of chronic apical periodontitis].

PMID- 6579391
TI  - [Periodontal surgery as an option].

PMID- 6579392
TI  - [An application of balloon probes. Preoperative electrophysiological test of the
      tolerance to temporal occlusion of the artery of cervical enlargement].
AB  - The authors report a case of testing of the temporary occlusion of origin of the
      radiculo-medullar artery for the cervical enlargement by balloon occlusion and
      both testing by clinical evaluation and evaluation of somesthesic evoked
      potentials and F wave. This testing allowed the surgical removal of a malignant
      tumor of the cervical vertebra including the vertebral artery and the origin of
      the radiculo-medullar artery for the cervical enlargement. About this case, they
      discuss possibilities and the theorical value of these pre-operative tests.

PMID- 6579393
TI  - Abdominal vagotomy does not activate the corpus luteum in rats.
AB  - Rats were vagotomized at proestrus and 4 days later serum prolactin and
      progesterone were determined by radioimmunoassay. The histology of the ovaries
      and the activity of ovarian delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta
      HSD) were also studied. There was no difference between hormone values in sham
      and vagotomized rats 4 days after surgery. In addition, the ovarian histology and
      activity of 3 beta-HSD were similar in both sham and vagotomized animals. We
      conclude that vagotomy at proestrus does not interrupt estrous cycles by
      activating the corpus luteum.

PMID- 6579394
TI  - Tick-borne diseases.

PMID- 6579395
TI  - Unusual penetrating injury of face and neck.

PMID- 6579396
TI  - Pulmonary blastomycosis in a New York City resident.

PMID- 6579397
TI  - Dormant foramen magnum meningioma 'activated' by chiropractic manipulation.

PMID- 6579398
TI  - Chest wound and hematuria.

PMID- 6579399
TI  - Prophylactic preoperative insertion of pacemakers in patients with bifascicular
      block.

PMID- 6579400
TI  - The subpleural lymph node: a differential diagnostic problem.

PMID- 6579401
TI  - Bacteremia associated with fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

PMID- 6579402
TI  - Tick-borne ulceroglandular tularemia.

PMID- 6579403
TI  - Unusual contents in inguinal hernia sacs.

PMID- 6579404
TI  - Disopyramide-induced profound hypoglycemia.

PMID- 6579405
TI  - Metabolic alkalosis following relief of urinary tract obstruction.

PMID- 6579406
TI  - Severe systemic reactions following administration of different ureotonic drugs.

PMID- 6579407
TI  - More is not always better.

PMID- 6579409
TI  - Superficial set of light-activated composite resins.

PMID- 6579408
TI  - The fermentation of sucrose, sorbitol, and xylitol by Propionibacterium avidum,
      resulting in the formation of caries-like lesions in enamel.

PMID- 6579410
TI  - New Zealand Committee on Adverse Drug Reactions: Seventeenth Annual Report, 1982.

PMID- 6579411
TI  - Symposium: Renal blood flow, sodium and hypertension. Dunedin, 22-23 February
      1983.

PMID- 6579412
TI  - Childhood cancer in New Zealand: incidence and survival, 1961-1976.
AB  - Mortality from cancer in New Zealand children is higher than in most other
      western countries. This paper reports an analysis of the incidence and survival
      of all cases of childhood cancer registered in New Zealand from 1961 to 1976. The
      overall incidence was very similar to that reported by American registries, but
      higher than in Britain. Survival rates in New Zealand for children with lymphoma
      and leukaemia were rather poorer than in Britain as a whole, and appreciably
      worse than in Manchester and in selected regions of the USA. For most other
      malignancies, survival rates were similar to those in Britain. Survival rates in
      New Zealand were improving during the period of this study. The possible
      advantage of centralising treatment was examined by comparing the survival of
      children treated in the largest centre (Auckland--with 32% of all cases) and in
      other parts of the country. Children treated in Auckland generally had a longer
      remission, but experienced no significant advantage in five-year survival. This
      lack of advantage was not due to referrals from outside the region or to
      differences in racial composition.

PMID- 6579413
TI  - Anaesthesia under scrutiny.

PMID- 6579414
TI  - Medical Practitioners Disciplinary Committee: analysis of complaints for 1982.

PMID- 6579415
TI  - Talking with patients about smoking.

PMID- 6579416
TI  - The New Zealand anaesthetic training scheme, 1979-1982.

PMID- 6579417
TI  - Ethical dilemmas in psychiatry.

PMID- 6579418
TI  - Smoking at school.

PMID- 6579419
TI  - Acupuncture.

PMID- 6579420
TI  - A sensitive radioimmunoassay for measuring plasma anti-diuretic hormone in man.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay has been developed which permits the measurement of plasma
      antidiuretic hormone (arginine vasopressin (AVP), in the normal and subnormal
      range. Plasma was first extracted with octadecasilyl-silica to remove non
      hormonal immunoreactivity, then assayed using a sensitive antibody and mono
      iodinated AVP. After centrifugation of blood, we found AVP levels to be highest
      in the lowest layer of plasma--presumably because platelets are a reservoir for
      the hormone. In normal volunteers the range of plasma AVP was 0.8-14.3 pmol/l,
      and water loading generally lowered AVP levels. Appropriate increments in
      measured AVP were observed during intravenous infusion of the peptide, and during
      insulin-induced hypoglycaemia. Extremely low levels were found in cranial
      diabetes insipidus, whereas in some patients with bronchial carcinoma and
      hyponatraemia, AVP values were elevated. The sensitivity of the method and its
      practicability should make it useful both in clinical medicine and in research.

PMID- 6579422
TI  - Health trends.

PMID- 6579421
TI  - The acute phase response: clinical aspects.

PMID- 6579423
TI  - Psychotherapy: a profession.

PMID- 6579424
TI  - Liaison psychiatry in a general hospital.
AB  - An analysis of referrals to the psychiatric liaison service, Auckland Hospital
      showed that 1.56% of hospital admissions were referred. Females were referred
      more frequently as were separated, divorced, widowed and unemployed people.
      Adjustment disorder and affective disorder were the more common diagnoses, but a
      wide range of diagnostic types were seen. The service dealt with two-thirds of
      cases without recourse to other psychiatric resources.

PMID- 6579425
TI  - Medic-Alert certificates.

PMID- 6579426
TI  - Diagnostic value of fibreoptic bronchoscopy in sputum smear-negative pulmonary
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 6579428
TI  - Abortion.

PMID- 6579427
TI  - Mianserin and jaundice.

PMID- 6579429
TI  - Antibiotic prescribing.

PMID- 6579430
TI  - Rubella outbreak.

PMID- 6579432
TI  - Analgesia and dextropropoxyphene.

PMID- 6579431
TI  - Rifampicin-induced adrenal crisis.

PMID- 6579433
TI  - The vitamin E/selenium responsive diseases of animals and the sudden infant death
      syndrome: common findings.

PMID- 6579434
TI  - In defense of the Keyes technique.

PMID- 6579435
TI  - Exploit the inevitable--dentistry's strategy for the eighties.

PMID- 6579436
TI  - Complex criticism.

PMID- 6579437
TI  - Clinical applications of microbiologically monitored and modulated periodontal
      therapy.

PMID- 6579438
TI  - Candid clinical confessions.

PMID- 6579439
TI  - "The new non-surgical periodontal therapy" a guide for the perplexed dentist.

PMID- 6579440
TI  - Keyes technique viewed through a legal microscope.

PMID- 6579441
TI  - A final comment on "non-surgical" periodontics.

PMID- 6579443
TI  - The Dental Society of the State of New York. Constitution and bylaws. December
      1983.

PMID- 6579442
TI  - Checking out bank accounts.

PMID- 6579444
TI  - The current status of dental luting cements.

PMID- 6579445
TI  - New dental casting alloys.

PMID- 6579446
TI  - Dental amalgams.

PMID- 6579447
TI  - The impacted tooth--its legal and surgical management.

PMID- 6579448
TI  - Can marketing benefit your practice?

PMID- 6579449
TI  - Nutritional quackery, the health food industry and the antifluoridation movement.

PMID- 6579451
TI  - Basic science in dentistry: past, present and future.

PMID- 6579450
TI  - Peer review and you.

PMID- 6579452
TI  - Marketing: the buzz word for the '80s.

PMID- 6579453
TI  - Eating with dentures. Suggestions for patients.

PMID- 6579454
TI  - Successful preparation of the fine curved canal.

PMID- 6579455
TI  - Reduction in dental caries prevalence and treatment needs for elementary school
      children from 1972-1982.

PMID- 6579457
TI  - Extraoral sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular ramus.
AB  - A new type of extraoral sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular ramis and retromolar
      region is described. This is a simple and versatile procedure which may may be
      used in the correction of prognathism, retrognathism, open bite, and mandibular
      asymmetry. The procedure shares all the advantages of the intraoral sagittal
      osteotomy of the mandibular ramus and has several other advantages as well. A
      case is presented for illustration.

PMID- 6579456
TI  - Muscular rehabilitation after orthognathic surgery.
AB  - There is both a biologic and a clinical foundation for the use of therapeutic
      exercise after othognathic surgical procedures to restore normal function of the
      jaw muscles. This can be accomplished by a systematic plan Of occlusal and
      muscular rehabilitation after release of maxillomandibular fixation. Through the
      diligent application of physical therapy principles, the function of the
      masticatory muscles can be more efficiently rehabilitated after orthognathic
      surgery and maxillomandibular fixation.

PMID- 6579458
TI  - Influence of polylactic acid mesh on the incidence of localized osteitis.
AB  - A biodegradable polylactic acid surgical implant, designed to facilitate dental
      extraction wound heading, is described. Animal studies have proved the safety and
      tissue compatibility of the implanted polylactic acid material. A clinical study
      using this material in mandibular third molar extraction sites in human subjects
      is reviewed. Results of that study reveal the implant to be effective in reducing
      the incidence of localized osteitis following mandibular third molar extractions.

PMID- 6579459
TI  - Thermography and oral inflammatory conditions.
AB  - A brief review of the literature on the use of thermography in medicine and
      dentistry is presented. This is followed by the presentation of eleven case
      reports of the use of thermography in dental clinic patients with various oral
      inflammatory conditions. The results showed that in seven of the eleven cases the
      thermogram was able to delineate the involved from the noninvolved side. The
      findings were nonspecific, however, and in its current form thermography cannot
      be used alone for differential diagnosis.

PMID- 6579460
TI  - Accelerated periodontal disease in a patient with essential mixed
      cryoglobulinemia.
AB  - A 32-year-old woman diagnosed as having Type III essential mixed cryoglobulinemia
      presented with a history of gingival swelling and hemorrhage. Further clinical
      findings, in addition to sequential radiographs, revealed the presence of an
      unusual case of rapidly progressive periodontitis. An association between the
      presence of cryoglobulinemia and the periodontitis is implicated.

PMID- 6579461
TI  - Dentinogenesis imperfecta in the Brandywine isolate (DI type III): clinical,
      radiologic, and scanning electron microscopic studies of the dentition.
AB  - Teeth of seven patients from the Brandywine isolate who had dentinogenesis
      imperfecta (DI) type III were evaluated by clinical, radiologic, and scanning
      electron microscopic techniques. The deciduous and permanent teeth were
      opalescent, and there was marked attrition. Enamel pitting was present on some
      permanent teeth. Anterior open bites were found in all persons with complete
      permanent dentitions. Pulps of developing teeth were larger than normal during
      early development but rapidly became almost completely obliterated. There was
      increased constriction at the cementoenamel junctions. While radiolucencies were
      noted at the apices of teeth which had pulp exposures due to attrition, several
      patients had similar radiolucencies which could not be attributed to caries or
      attrition. Scanning electron microscopy showed a significant reduction in the
      number of dentin tubules on fractured dentin surfaces; calcospherites at the
      calcification front were either irregularly shaped or absent. A single tooth from
      a patient with DI type II was studied and had similar abnormalities on scanning
      electron microscopy, although tubules were easier to find and calcospherites at
      the calcification front were more regular than in DI type III. The findings in DI
      type III of enamel pitting, enlarged pulps early in tooth development, and
      radiolucencies at the apices of teeth without pulp exposures support the
      hypothesis that DI type II and DI type III are different disorders.

PMID- 6579462
TI  - Fetal rhabdomyoma of the tongue, with a discussion of the two histologic variants
      of this tumor.
AB  - Fetal rhabdomyomas are rare benign tumors of skeletal muscle that must be
      distinguished histologically from various sarcomas, including rhabdomyosarcoma.
      They have recently been subdivided into two histologic variants myxoid and
      cellular fetal rhabdomyomas, respectively. This article describes the sixth fetal
      rhabdomyoma to be reported in the oral regions, illustrates the histologic
      features of the two types, and discusses the means of distinguishing these
      lesions from various other conditions with which they may be confused.

PMID- 6579463
TI  - Spectrophotometric analysis of microleakage in the fine curved canals found in
      the mesial roots of mandibular molars.
AB  - Mesial roots from forty human mandibular first and second molar teeth were
      randomly assigned to two groups and obturated with laterally condensed gutta
      percha or silver cones. Each group was divided into two subgroups. The first
      subgroup for each group consisted of specimens that had two canals with a common
      foramen. The second subgroup consisted of specimens with two canals and separate
      foramina. All specimens were obturated and exposed to 2 percent methylene blue
      dye at 37 degrees C. for a period of 30 days. A dye-recovery, spectrophotometric
      method was used to evaluate the apical microleakage. Results indicated no
      statistically significant difference in leakage between the groups or subgroups.

PMID- 6579464
TI  - Pulpal effect of citric acid applied topically to root surfaces.
AB  - Five beagle dogs were subjected to the raising of full-thickness flaps on the
      buccal aspects of premolar teeth. Approximately 7 mm. of buccal bone was removed
      to expose the root surfaces, which were treated with 20 percent citric acid.
      Saline was used as a control, and after periods of 1, 7, 14, 28, and 56 days, the
      animals were killed. Specimens were examined histopathologically when microscopic
      examination failed to detect any pulpal changes in either the experimental or the
      control specimens.

PMID- 6579465
TI  - Spontaneous expulsion of a retrograde filling. Report of a case.
AB  - The placement of a retrograde filling is designed to seal the apex of a tooth
      when conventional procedures have either failed or cannot be performed. This case
      report describes the mechanical failure of this procedure, as well as the
      expulsion of the filling material from the oral cavity.

PMID- 6579466
TI  - High-yield radiography of the maxillofacial complex using the free focus and
      conventional imaging concepts. The resolution performance of nonscreen and screen
      film combinations.
AB  - Free focus radiography with miniaturized dental x-ray machines may be a valuable
      source of "high-yield" diagnostic information in dentistry. This study evaluated
      the resolution performance of conventional image receptors, including nonscreen
      and screen-film combinations which were available in sizes suitable for panoramic
      free focus radiography or conventional extraoral radiography. Results with
      nonscreen films produced resolution performances ranging from about 10 lp/mm. to
      about 20 lp/mm. For each film tested, the performances in conventional
      radiography as well as in free focus radiography with the film in the buccal fold
      approached the maximum measurable of 20 lp/mm. In a mode of free focus
      radiography with the film positioned extraorally, there were significant
      variations in performance according to film brand. A significant reduction in
      resolution performance occurred when screen-film combinations were tested;
      resolution ranged between 4.0 lp/mm. and 7.4 lp/mm., with the better performance
      obtained with free focus radiography. The performance of a rare earth system was
      similar to other screen-film combinations tested in conventional radiography. In
      free focus radiography the performance of the rare earth system was slightly
      below the mean resolution for conventional screen-film combinations at 4.0 lp/mm.
      and 4.3 lp/mm. An example of a small cassette adapted for intraoral use was
      given.

PMID- 6579467
TI  - Three-dimensional perception of radiographic images among dental students and
      dentists.
AB  - Six radiographs exhibiting problems of three-dimensional perception were shown to
      seventy-six inexperienced dental students and to seventy-six experienced
      dentists. They were asked (1) from which viewing direction they perceived the
      image, (2) if they were able to reverse the image, and if not (3) if they denied
      the possibility of reversibility. In most cases a vast majority (83 to 93
      percent) agreed in one perception. Twelve to 62 percent were unable to reverse
      the images. High percentages of the observers denied perceptions other than their
      own. No statistically significant differences were observed between the answers
      of the students and the dentists. The decisions of the observers and their
      restricted ability for ambiguous perception are discussed. Rules governing the
      choices of perception are suggested. The importance of training at undergraduate
      as well as postgraduate levels in perceiving radiographic images ambiguously and
      three-dimensionally is stressed.

PMID- 6579469
TI  - External resorption of an unerupted third molar.

PMID- 6579468
TI  - Bifurcated mandibular canal.

PMID- 6579470
TI  - Multiple radiolucent lesions in basal cell nevoid syndrome.

PMID- 6579471
TI  - Evaluation of osteogenesis following immediate and delayed reimplantation of
      frozen autogenous mandibular bone.
AB  - A follow-up study of the feasibility of delayed reimplantation of frozen
      autogenous mandibles after ablative surgery for oral carcinomas with mandibular
      involvement was performed. Fifteen young adult mongrel dogs were used and
      evaluated clinically, bacteriologically, radiographically, histologically, and by
      radionuclide imaging. The animals were divided into two groups according to
      whether they underwent immediate or delayed reimplantation. These were subdivided
      into those who received grafts with and without autogenous marrow augmentation.
      The results were positive and suggested clinical evaluation. Twelve patients had
      undergone delayed reimplantation along with marrow augmentation over the past 3
      years. Again, the results are most promising and we believe that, with further
      refinement, this technique will offer a new and acceptable modality for facial
      reconstruction in the cancer patient.

PMID- 6579472
TI  - Submandibular gland function following transoral sialolithectomy.
AB  - Conflicting views exist with regard to surgical treatment of a salivary stone in
      the knee of the submandibular duct, the options being excision of the
      submandibular gland and transoral removal of the stone. The key question in this
      dispute is whether or not a gland with a stone in this position has suffered
      irreparable functional damage. To determine the extent of glandular recovery
      after transoral sialolithectomy, a clinical and scintigraphic study has been
      carried out in a consecutive series of twenty-one patients. The results show a
      return to normal function in the vast majority of these patients, which indicates
      that transoral removal of the stone is the treatment of choice.

PMID- 6579473
TI  - Penicillin-induced anaphylaxis in a patient under hypotensive anesthesia.
AB  - Elective use of penicillin during hypotensive anesthesia for orthognathic surgery
      induced a nearly fatal anaphylactic reaction. The first symptom of anaphylaxis
      was increased inspiratory resistance to mechanical ventilation, followed by
      severe hypotension. The therapeutic management of anaphylaxis is discussed.
      Patients susceptible to reactions from the administration of B-lactam antibiotics
      can be identified through skin tests. Patients reactive to such antibiotics
      should be treated with alternate antibiotics or they should be desensitized prior
      to receiving penicillin.

PMID- 6579474
TI  - Phenytoin-induced hyperplasia of the pre-eruptive stage. Report of a case.
AB  - A patient with a rare manifestation of phenytoin-induced hyperplasia is reported.
      Severe maxillary and mandibular gingival hyperplasia occurred prior to the
      eruption of the dentition and without evidence of any predisposing local
      irritation factors.

PMID- 6579475
TI  - The psychiatric referral in dentistry: indications and mechanics.
AB  - Psychiatric consultation is sometimes a part of the diagnostic evaluation of
      facial pain. The indications for referral arise out of the history. Several brief
      questions may indicate whether or not a psychiatric illness is present. Patients
      may hold beliefs or attitudes about their illness or about psychiatric treatment
      that make referral difficult. Successful referral depends on the relationship
      that the dentist establishes with the patient. Recommendations to facilitate the
      referral are presented.

PMID- 6579476
TI  - Oral malignant acanthosis nigricans.
AB  - Awareness of a possible association of late-onset oral acanthosis nigricans with
      internal malignant disorders is important for early detection and treatment of
      the underlying cancer. A classic case of malignant oral acanthosis nigricans is
      reported here, and its possible etiologic factors and pathogenetic mechanisms are
      discussed.

PMID- 6579477
TI  - Oral drug reaction to methyldopa. Report of a case.
AB  - This case report presents and follows a rare oral drug reaction linked to the
      administration of methyldopa (Aldomet). The clinical appearance of oral
      ulcerations coincides with increased dosage of the drug. Withdrawal of methyldopa
      leads to gradual healing of these lesions.

PMID- 6579478
TI  - The differentiation of malignant lymphoma from anaplastic seminoma in a patient
      presenting with testicular and jaw swelling.
AB  - The histologic differentiation of anaplastic seminoma from lymphoma is often
      difficult. In the case presented, a malignant lymphoma showing prominent
      testicular and jaw involvement was initially interpreted as seminoma. The
      histologic and ultrastructural criteria for differentiation, as well as a
      comparison of the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of these tumors, are
      discussed. A reassessment of previously reported cases of seminoma metastatic to
      the jaws/antrum, made relative to these data, suggests that in most cases the
      tumors may actually be lymphomas.

PMID- 6579479
TI  - Chronic granulomatous cheilitis and its relationship to Crohn's disease.
AB  - Investigation of a 15-year-old white male patient with chronic granulomatous
      cheilitis revealed asymptomatic Crohn's disease of the lower gastrointestinal
      tract. This is reported to support the suggestion that chronic granulomatous
      cheilitis and Crohn's disease may be intimately related. Tests for nutritional
      status are shown to be important in the investigation and management of patients
      with this condition, being the first indication of any gastrointestinal
      pathology.

PMID- 6579480
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of alkaline phosphatase in the calcifying epithelial
      odontogenic tumor.
AB  - The localization of alkaline phosphatase in a calcifying epithelial odontogenic
      tumor obtained from a 53-year-old man was examined cytochemically. The majority
      of enzyme activity was associated with the epithelial cell membranes of the
      tumor, and faint activity was found in the cell membranes facing the adjacent
      stromal tissue. The reaction product of ALP was also detected in some membrane
      bound vacuoles (lysosomes) and the Golgi apparatus of tumor cells. It is
      suggested that the appearance of enzyme activity associated mostly with the
      epithelial cell membrane may be related to transport function of cell membranes.

PMID- 6579481
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a new method for determining tooth length without
      radiographs.
AB  - A new instrument (the Apexfinder) for measuring tooth length was recently
      introduced for use in endodontics. The procedure of measuring tooth length with
      this instrument was found to be simple and easy. It also eliminated the need for
      radiographs, with their problems. One hundred forty-two teeth were used to
      compare the new method with two different methods, widely used in endodontics,
      that employ radiographs. The investigation showed that the new technique offers a
      direct method for measuring the distance between the coronal and apical ends of
      the tooth. Statistical analysis of the data indicated that the new method was
      superior to the others. The Apexfinder was accurate in 90 percent of the cases.
      When radiographs were used, the results were accurate in 75 percent of the cases,
      while the use of the radiograph and the tooth-length formula gave 60.4 percent
      accuracy.

PMID- 6579482
TI  - Hard-tissue resorption and deposition after preparation and disinfection of the
      root canal.

PMID- 6579483
TI  - Survey of radiographic requirements and techniques in United States dental
      assisting programs, 1982.
AB  - A survey of dental assisting programs revealed little standardization of student
      requirements for dental radiography in the United States. Areas for concern were
      (1) the high proportion of programs in which classmates exposed one another to
      ionizing radiation for training purposes and (2) the continued use of closed
      cones in some cases. Preclinical laboratories in radiography were, on average, of
      considerably longer duration than those previously reported for dental students.
      Conversely, clinical requirements in intraoral techniques were less for dental
      assisting students than is the case for dental students. Available methods of
      reducing patient exposure to ionizing radiation are not being fully implemented.

PMID- 6579484
TI  - Technical aspects of a dedicated quality-control system for dental radiology.

PMID- 6579485
TI  - Bilateral radiopaque masses.

PMID- 6579486
TI  - Epitheliated keratocyst surrounding a third molar.

PMID- 6579487
TI  - Bony protuberance like a second condylar head.

PMID- 6579488
TI  - Hepatitis B: the clinical detection of the chronic carrier dental patient and the
      effects of immunization via vaccine.
AB  - The dental staff must be aware of the potential for transmission of hepatitis B
      in the dental operatory via the undetected chronic carrier patient. To detect
      these patients, one should be familiar with signs and symptoms of the disease,
      the validity of the medical history in this area, and general populations which
      are at a higher risk of developing the disease. Once these patients are
      identified, the dental staff can protect themselves should exposure to these
      patients' secretions occur. Immune serum globulin, hepatitis B immune globulin,
      and a vaccine against hepatitis B are all available and indicated in specific
      situations.

PMID- 6579489
TI  - [Generalized aspergillosis in a patient with acute lymphatic leukemia].

PMID- 6579490
TI  - [Hepatic forms of glycogenosis - clinical and biochemical findings in 15 cases].

PMID- 6579491
TI  - Psych. clinical nurse specialist spotlighted.

PMID- 6579492
TI  - Gerontological nursing project.

PMID- 6579493
TI  - Will computers actually help define nursing?

PMID- 6579494
TI  - A clinical evaluation of polished and unpolished amalgams: 18-month results.

PMID- 6579495
TI  - Milk as an interim storage medium for avulsed teeth.

PMID- 6579496
TI  - Effect of flossing and brushing immediately prior to weekly fluoride
      mouthrinsing.

PMID- 6579497
TI  - Effect of sodium hypochlorite solution on the subgingival microflora of juvenile
      periodontitis lesions.

PMID- 6579498
TI  - Immunology in pediatric dentistry.

PMID- 6579499
TI  - Immunoglobulins and complement in the chronic interradicular lesions of the
      primary teeth.

PMID- 6579500
TI  - Osteogenesis imperfecta with dentinogenesis imperfecta: a mistaken case of child
      abuse.

PMID- 6579501
TI  - Immature primary molar in the newborn.

PMID- 6579502
TI  - Supernumerary primary first molar and first premolar: clinical report.

PMID- 6579503
TI  - Treatment of severe microstomia caused by massive fungal destruction of the lips:
      clinical report.

PMID- 6579504
TI  - Fusion of maxillary incisors across the midline: clinical report.

PMID- 6579505
TI  - Chronic renal failure and hypoplasia.

PMID- 6579506
TI  - [Hepatic involvement in pediatric neoplasms].
AB  - The liver is an organ which appears particularly susceptible to undergo a series
      of toxic effects related to the presence of a neoplastic process and the
      modalities adopted for its treatment. However, the phenomena of liver toxicity
      which are encountered at diagnosis and during treatment of pediatric neoplasias,
      are numerous and of complex nature, quite often of difficult explanation. The
      authors have distinguished: - primitive benign and malign tumors of the liver; -
      toxic effects dependent from the neoplastic infiltration of tumors arising in
      extrahepatic sites; - toxicity not related to neoplastic infiltration. Several
      cases of different solid neoplasias are described, which exemplify the several
      modes by which the liver can be affected by tumors, and the possible
      etiopathogenetic mechanisms are searched for. In addition, the authors refer on
      the aspects of liver toxicity observed in a series of 44 children affected by
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia. They distinguish a toxicity which precedes
      treatment; - a toxicity which arises during the induction-consolidation phase of
      therapy; - a toxicity which comes out during maintenance with Methotrexate and 6
      mercaptopurine, this latter strictly correlated to the continuous administration
      of these two drugs. Finally, the complicated correlation between acute hepatitis
      and leukemia is discussed, and the attention is focused particularly on the
      possible antileukemic affect of the acute liver infection, which is capable to
      determine, in few well described cases, a complete, although transient disease
      remission.

PMID- 6579507
TI  - C-reactive protein in rapid diagnosis and follow-up of bacterial septicemia in
      children with leukemia.
AB  - C-reactive protein (CRP) was evaluated as an indicator of septic bacterial
      infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Thirty-five
      children with newly diagnosed ALL and 10 children receiving antileukemic
      chemotherapy developed 13 episodes of verified septicemia. Newly diagnosed ALL
      alone influenced the CRP level moderately; half of the children with no
      concomitant bacterial infection had measurable CRP values. However, the CRP
      values in this group were significantly lower than those in children with proved
      septicemia in whom the CRP level ranged from 15 to 340 mg/liter (median, 125
      mg/liter). We conclude that CRP levels exceeding 100 mg/liter indicate bacterial
      septicemia with a high specificity regardless of the stage of ALL. Moreover, a
      negative CRP value virtually excludes septicemia. Patients ith moderately
      elevated CRP values, i.e. under 100 mg/liter, should be closely observed.
      Sequential CRP determinations are useful in children with invasive bacterial
      infections.

PMID- 6579508
TI  - [Calcium metabolism disorders in acute leukemia].

PMID- 6579509
TI  - [Results of combined treatment of advanced forms of multiple myeloma with
      vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisone (VMCP) and with
      vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and prednisone (VDCP)].

PMID- 6579510
TI  - [Smouldering leukemia].

PMID- 6579511
TI  - [A cluster of 5 premolars, or eumorphic hyperdontia].

PMID- 6579513
TI  - Dental therapists in Botswana.

PMID- 6579512
TI  - [Various methods of fluoridation for the community--situation in Africa. 3.
      Combined methods to provide fluorides to the community. Situation in Africa].

PMID- 6579515
TI  - Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Hecks' disease) in a Sudanese boy. Report of a case
      and review of literature.

PMID- 6579514
TI  - Normal craniofacial architecture of the Cameroonian and of the Senegalese.

PMID- 6579516
TI  - Opinions of British dental providers on the training, employment and utilization
      of dental therapists in the United Kingdom.

PMID- 6579517
TI  - [Complete denture for a case with temporomandibular syndrome due to extreme
      resorption of the alveolar ridge].

PMID- 6579518
TI  - [Complete denture for cases with marked alveolar resorption].

PMID- 6579519
TI  - [Removable denture in a mandibular right quadrant 1st and 2nd molar defect].

PMID- 6579520
TI  - [Partial removable denture with attachment in a mandibular left quadrant 1st and
      2nd molar defect].

PMID- 6579521
TI  - [A gold-silver-palladium Konus telescopic crown in a mandibular left quadrant 1st
      and 2nd molar defect].

PMID- 6579522
TI  - [Nickel-chromium alloys and porcelain for the Konus telescopic crown for a
      mandibular left quadrant 1st and 2nd molar defect].

PMID- 6579523
TI  - [Use of the Konus telescopic crown in a mandibular right quadrant 1st and 2nd
      molar defect].

PMID- 6579524
TI  - [Elongated bridge for a mandibular left quadrant 1st and 2nd molar defect].

PMID- 6579525
TI  - [Bioceramic implant in a mandibular left 2nd premolar and 1st and 2nd molar
      defect].

PMID- 6579526
TI  - [Dental implantation following minor tooth movement in the region of a mandibular
      left 1st and 2nd molar defect].

PMID- 6579527
TI  - [Management of a mandibular left 1st and 2nd molar defect].

PMID- 6579528
TI  - [Undine and Erysichton syndrome in diabetes insipidus patients].

PMID- 6579529
TI  - tRNA transport from the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell: carrier-mediated
      translocation process.
AB  - The mechanism by which a tRNA molecule is delivered from the nucleus of a cell to
      the cytoplasm has been studied in the Xenopus laevis oocyte utilizing nuclear
      microinjection and manual microdissection techniques. tRNA nuclear transport in
      this cell resembles a carrier-mediated translocation process rather than
      diffusion through a simple pore or channel. tRNA transport is saturable by tRNA,
      with a maximal rate measured to be about 190 X 10(7) molecules per min per
      nucleus (21 degrees C) in the mature oocyte. Competitive inhibition between two
      different tRNA species can be demonstrated, suggesting that many tRNA species
      share a common carrier system. tRNA nuclear transport is sharply dependent on
      temperature, with an optimal rate observed at 31 degrees C. A single G-to-U
      substitution at position 57 in the vertebrate tRNAMeti molecule reduces the
      transport rate of this tRNA by a factor of about 20, implicating this highly
      conserved region of the tRNA molecule (loop IV) as critical for recognition by
      the transport mechanism. On morphologic grounds I propose that ribosome-like
      components surrounding the nuclear pore may function as the tRNA translocation
      "motor." The tRNA nuclear transport mechanism represents a distinctly eukaryotic
      process and a site of potential control over cell growth and proliferation.

PMID- 6579530
TI  - Initiation of adenovirus DNA replication in vitro requires a specific DNA
      sequence.
AB  - Initiation of adenovirus DNA replication in vitro occurs on a linearized plasmid
      DNA containing 3,327 base pairs of the adenovirus terminal sequence. Various
      deletions have been constructed in the plasmid DNA and their template activities
      examined. Deletions from an internal restriction enzyme cleavage site that retain
      only 20 base pairs or more of the adenovirus terminal sequence support initiation
      and limited chain elongation, whereas deletions that leave 14 base pairs or less
      of the terminal sequence do not. On the other hand, all deletions extending from
      the very terminus of the adenovirus DNA destroy the template activity. The
      terminal 20 base pairs of adenovirus DNA contain a sequence A-T-A-A-T-A-T-A-C-C,
      which is perfectly conserved in the DNAs from different serotypes of human
      adenovirus. Base changes within the conserved sequence greatly reduce the
      template activity. These results suggest that the terminal 20 base pairs
      constitute a functional origin for the initiation of adenovirus DNA replication
      in vitro.

PMID- 6579531
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies to rabbit progesterone receptor: crossreaction with other
      mammalian progesterone receptors.
AB  - A mouse was immunized with purified rabbit uterine cytosolic progesterone
      receptor (specific activity: 3 nmol of steroid bound per mg of protein). After
      fusion of its spleen cells with Sp2-OAg myeloma cells, supernatants of 11 hybrid
      cultures were found to react in both an immunoenzymatic test and a double
      immunoprecipitation test with the progesterone receptor. Clones were obtained
      from the five hybrid cells that gave the strongest response in both tests.
      Antibodies from cell culture supernatants and ascitic fluids were characterized.
      Three are of the IgG1 and two of the IgG2a isotype. Their apparent affinity for
      the progesterone receptor was measured by immunoprecipitation in physiological
      salt conditions. The equilibrium dissociation constants were between 0.1 and 4
      nM. All five monoclonal antibodies crossreacted with the rabbit nuclear receptor,
      the human cytosolic receptor, and other mammalian (rat, guinea pig) but not avian
      (chicken) cytosolic progesterone receptors. There was no interaction with the
      glucocorticoid receptor and corticosteroid binding globulin.

PMID- 6579532
TI  - Seminal vesicle secretion IV gene: allelic difference due to a series of 20-base
      pair direct tandem repeats within an intron.
AB  - The rat seminal vesicle secretion IV (SVS IV) gene was isolated from a lambda
      Charon 4A library. The SVS IV gene transcription unit was found to be on one 3.3
      kilobase (kb) EcoRI fragment. Restriction mapping and DNA sequence analysis
      demonstrated that the entire length of the SVS IV transcription unit is 1,930
      base pairs (bp) and contains two introns. The 3.3-kb EcoRI fragment contains 144
      bp of 5'-flanking region. At -113 bp from the presumed transcription initiation
      site an interesting structure with perfect dyad symmetry is noted. In another
      lambda clone, a 3.5-kb EcoRI fragment was isolated that contains the SVS IV gene
      and was shown to be identical to the 3.3-kb EcoRI fragment except for 180 bp of
      DNA in the second intron. The extra DNA consists of several (8-10) 20-bp tandem
      repeats flanked on each side by seven or eight copies of this same 20-bp repeat.
      Fisher X Sprague-Dawley hybrid rats, which contain both the EcoRI 3.5-kb form and
      the 3.3-kb form of the SVS IV gene, were crossed with each other. Analysis of the
      F1 generation demonstrated that the presence or absence of the 180-bp intronic
      insertion in the SVS IV gene defines an allelic difference. This report also
      presents the DNA sequence of the transcription unit and flanking regions of the
      SVS IV gene.

PMID- 6579533
TI  - Solid-phase synthesis of cecropin A and related peptides.
AB  - Cecropin A, a 37-residue antibacterial peptide amide, was synthesized by the
      solid-phase method. It was shown to be homogeneous and totally indistinguishable
      from natural cecropin A by chemical and physical criteria, as well as by its
      antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms.
      The synthetic material was also used to establish unambiguously that the carboxyl
      terminal blocking group of natural cecropin A is a primary amide as tentatively
      proposed earlier. The role of the amino terminus of cecropin A in antibacterial
      activity was investigated by the synthesis of two analogs.

PMID- 6579534
TI  - Tissue-specific expression of a chicken calmodulin pseudogene lacking intervening
      sequences.
AB  - An eel calmodulin cDNA probe has been used to isolate a calmodulin gene from a
      chicken DNA library. Sequence analysis revealed this calmodulin gene (cCM1) to
      contain the nucleotides that code for 148 amino acids, a termination codon, and
      486 residues of 3'-noncoding sequence before an A-A-T-A-A-A poly(A) addition
      signal. The amino acid sequence derived from these nucleotides is 87% homologous
      to that of bovine brain calmodulin. cCM1 is one of two calmodulin genes in the
      chicken genome but is unique in that it does not contain intervening sequences to
      interrupt the structural segments of the protein. This suggests that cCM1
      originated as a processed gene copy derived from the other calmodulin gene, cCL1,
      a circumstance usually associated with pseudogenes. In contrast, cCM1 appears to
      be a functional member of a multigene family whose expression is specific for
      muscle cells.

PMID- 6579535
TI  - Transcription in cloned spacers of Xenopus laevis ribosomal DNA.
AB  - Rare individuals of Xenopus laevis exhibit frequent initiation of transcription
      in the spacers of oocyte ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Using electron microscopy we have
      characterized spacer transcription in such an individual and have confirmed that
      the sites of transcription initiation correspond to the imperfectly duplicated
      promoters ("Bam islands") present in the X. laevis rDNA spacer. We have cloned a
      repeat unit containing a gene and a spacer from this individual and have injected
      the recombinant plasmid, pXlr 164, into oocytes of other X. laevis individuals.
      In electron microscope preparations the spacers of some of the cloned repeats
      were transcribed by RNA polymerase I. This demonstrates that the ability to
      initiate transcription at the Bam islands is a property of the spacer DNA. On
      pXlr 164, initiation in the spacer occurred about 5% as frequently as
      transcription from the gene promoter. However, transcribed spacers were as
      closely packed with RNA polymerase as was the gene. We conclude that polymerase I
      promoters may vary over a wide range in the frequency with which they "activate"
      but that once activated all can load polymerases to maximal density. The presence
      or absence of spacer transcription had no observable effect on either the
      frequency of activation or the density of polymerase loading of the gene
      immediately downstream. A subclone, pXlr 264, containing only spacer DNA also
      showed regular initiation and termination, providing further evidence that there
      is an effective "fail-safe" termination signal 225 base pairs upstream from the
      rRNA gene initiation site.

PMID- 6579536
TI  - Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA from normal rat liver have a common sequence.
AB  - Although Pst I does not cut the circular mitochondrial genome of the rat, BamHI
      generates from this genome two unequal fragments of DNA. Each of these fragments
      was cloned in pBR322. Nuclear DNA was digested from rat liver singly or doubly
      with Pst I and BamHI, and it was demonstrated that nuclear DNA shared a common
      sequence with the larger mitochondrial DNA BamHI fragment. The cloned larger
      mitochondrial DNA fragment was further subdivided with HindIII into four pieces
      that were labeled and then used to probe the double-digested nuclear DNA. The
      hybridization data showed that the common sequence is less than 3 kilobase pairs
      long and lies within the part of the mitochondrial genome containing the D-loop
      and a portion of the rRNA genes. It therefore appears that, as in lower
      eukaryotes, there are shared sequences between the nuclear and mitochondrial
      genomes in mammals.

PMID- 6579537
TI  - Ethanol acceptance as a function of genotype amounts of brain [Met]enkephalin.
AB  - Our results indicate a negative correlation between the amount of ethanol (10%)
      consumed and endogenous levels of brain [Met]enkephalin in C57BL/6J (alcohol
      preferring) and DBA/2J (alcohol-nonpreferring) inbred mice strains. Additionally,
      it was found that 8 wk after 1-day starved groups of both C57BL/6J and DBA/2J
      mice were challenged with ethanol (10%) for 1-day acceptance, they had
      significantly lower levels of brain [Met]enkephalin compared with their
      nonalcohol-treated controls. These results suggest that the brain endogenous
      peptidyl opiates may play a crucial role in alcohol-seeking behavior.

PMID- 6579538
TI  - Polymerization of actin: mechanism of the Mg2+-induced process at pH 8 and 20
      degrees C.
AB  - A detailed mechanism that fully accounts for the Mg2+-induced polymerization of
      actin in the presence or absence of Ca2+ at 20 degrees C and pH 8 is presented.
      In the absence of Ca2+, the mechanism of the Mg2+-induced polymerization is as
      follows: Mg2+ binds to a metal-binding site on G-actin and induces a
      conformational change, which is required for eventual polymerization. The overall
      dissociation constant for this binding is about 30 microM. This actin species
      then binds a second molecule of Mg2+ (Kd = 5 mM), which yields a species capable
      of polymerization. Dimer formation from this monomeric species is quite
      unfavorable, but trimer formation from dimer and monomer is much more favorable.
      The trimer may then elongate to give filaments. Ca2+, when present, binds at the
      same site as the tightly bound Mg2+ and must be displaced by Mg2+ before the
      conformational change can occur. The rate and dissociation constants for tight
      binding of Ca2+ and Mg2+ and for the conformational change are consistent with
      those observed previously by using a fluorescently labeled G-actin. With the
      mechanism proposed, it is possible to fit the full time course of polymerization
      over a wide range of actin concentrations, Mg2+ concentrations, and Ca2+
      concentrations.

PMID- 6579539
TI  - Biological activity of mRNA immobilized on nitrocellulose in NaI.
AB  - In 12.2 molal NaI and at 25 degrees C or below, mRNA bound to nitrocellulose
      while DNA and rRNA did not. Neither the poly(A) tract nor the cap were required
      for binding. The immobilized RNA could be translated, reverse transcribed,
      hybridized with radioactive probes, or released for further manipulation. mRNA
      was efficiently transferred from polyacrylamide to nitrocellulose in NaI. Baking
      was not required to fix NaI-immobilized mRNA to nitrocellulose. When cells
      dissolved in 12.2 molal NaI were filtered through nitrocellulose, mRNA became
      selectively bound (quickblot). The quick-blot system utilizing protease and
      detergents to prepare cells for NaI solubilization was especially suitable in
      quantitative, rapid screening of cells for expression of specific genes.
      Expression of highly repeated DNA sequences was detected in human leukemia cells.

PMID- 6579541
TI  - Complete amino acid sequence and predicted membrane topology of phenobarbital
      induced cytochrome P-450 (isozyme 2) from rabbit liver microsomes.
AB  - The complete amino acid sequence of phenobarbital-induced isozyme 2 of rabbit
      liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 (P-450LM2) is presented. The polypeptide
      consists of 491 residues with a calculated Mr of 55,755. The rabbit isozyme is
      77% identical to the corresponding rat cytochrome, P-450b, as deduced from cDNA,
      with 96% of the hydrophobic, 88% of the anionic, and 83% of the cationic
      positions conserved. The secondary structure of isozyme 2 was predicted and a
      model was developed for the membrane topology of this cytochrome. Of the two
      highly conserved cysteinyl peptides in P-450LM2, P-450b, and bacterial P-450cam,
      we favor, on the basis of our model, the one nearer the NH2 terminus (Cys-152 in
      P-450LM2) as the source of the thiolate ligand to the heme iron atom. The
      recently reported sequence of the apparently identical protein [Heinemann, F. S.
      & Ozols, J. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 4195-4201] has two fewer residues and
      differs in 14 other amino acid assignments.

PMID- 6579540
TI  - At least six forms of extremely homologous cytochromes P-450 in rat liver are
      encoded at two closely linked genetic loci.
AB  - A subpopulation of phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P-450 in rat liver has been
      shown to consist of four closely related forms of the enzyme that appeared to be
      strain-related. In the present study, polypeptides composing this family were
      analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis of hepatic microsomes from 64
      individual phenobarbital-treated rats. The animals surveyed included both sexes
      from four inbred and five outbred strains/colonies and F1 progenies from 10
      crosses. Two new members of this polypeptide family were identified on the basis
      of their unique electrophoretic behavior and peptide maps. Eight phenotypes were
      observed that consisted of two to four member polypeptides. The six closely
      related cytochromes P-450 were found to be encoded at two genetic loci with at
      least four alleles at the P-450b locus and at least two alleles at the P-450e
      locus. Most colonies of outbred strains were characterized by polymorphism at one
      or both of these loci, and in no case did they contain unique alleles. Analyses
      of parents and their F1 progenies indicated that the P-450b and P-450e loci are
      closely linked on the same autosome and are expressed codominantly. Furthermore,
      the products of these loci appear to be coordinately regulated. The extreme
      homology between P-450b and P-450e genes, their high degree of polymorphism, and
      their close linkage suggest that they are subject to the same genetic mechanisms
      that maintain these features in other multigene families.

PMID- 6579542
TI  - Primary structure of the essential replicon of the plasmid pSC101.
AB  - The replicon of the low copy number plasmid pSC101 has an obligatory requirement
      for the dnaA initiator protein of Escherichia coli as well as a plasmid-encoded
      initiator protein. We have identified the cistron of the plasmid-encoded
      initiator by DNA sequence analysis. Fusion of the initiator cistron with the lacZ
      gene of E. coli yielded a fusion protein of approximately equal to 150
      kilodaltons, thus confirming that the open reading frame detected by DNA sequence
      analysis actually encoded a 37.5-kilodalton protein. Deletion of 26 amino acid
      residues from the COOH terminus of the plasmid initiator abolished autonomous
      replication from pSC101 origin. By in vitro deletion analysis we have shown that,
      although sequences downstream from the initiator cistron are dispensable, a
      maximum of 400 base pairs immediately upstream from the NH2-terminal region of
      the initiator is necessary for plasmid replication. These upstream sequences
      contain an A + T-rich region and three tandem repeats of a 21-base pair sequence;
      these features are characteristics of other replication origins.

PMID- 6579543
TI  - Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A is the component that interacts with ATP in
      protein chain initiation.
AB  - Protein synthesis in a resolved homogenate of wheat germ requires ATP and eight
      factors functioning at the level of protein chain initiation. To identify the
      component(s) interacting with ATP, the different factors were treated with the
      ATP affinity analogue 5'-p-fluorosulfonylbenzoyladenosine (FSBA) and tested for
      their function in protein synthesis. The activity of eukaryotic initiation factor
      4A (eIF4A) was strongly curtailed, whereas all other factors were unaffected. At
      a concentration of 250 microM, AMP, ADP, and ATP protected eIF4A against FSBA
      inactivation, whereas at a concentration 50 microM, protection was afforded only
      by ATP. GTP did not protect at a concentration of 250 microM. In another
      approach, the substrate analogue 2',3'-O-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)adenosine 5'
      triphosphate (TNP-ATP) was found to inhibit protein synthesis in a manner, at
      least in part, competitive with ATP. Supplementing a TNP-ATP inhibited reaction
      with eIF4A substantially reversed the inhibition. Except for a small effect by
      factor C1, no reversal was obtained with any other component. Finally, a
      preincubation of ribosomes with ATP, mRNA, and eIF4A resulted in the formation of
      a complex capable of TNP-ATP-resistant amino acid incorporation. These data are
      interpreted to indicate that the primary interaction of ATP is with eIF4A. A
      model is proposed reconciling this conclusion with other observations relevant to
      the mRNA . ribosome attachment reaction.

PMID- 6579544
TI  - Avian carcinoma virus MH2 contains a transformation-specific sequence, mht, and
      shares the myc sequence with MC29, CMII, and OK10 viruses.
AB  - Avian carcinoma virus MH2 has been grouped together with MC29, CMII, and OK10,
      because all of these viruses share a transformation-specific sequence termed myc.
      A 5.2-kilobase (kb) DNA provirus of MH2 has been molecularly cloned. The complete
      genetic structure of MH2 is 5'-delta gag(1.9-kb)-mht(1.2-kb)-myc(1.3-kb)-delta
      env(?) and noncoding c-region (0.2-kb)-3'. delta gag, delta env, and c are
      genetic elements shared with nondefective retroviruses, whereas mht is a unique,
      possibly MH2 transformation-specific, sequence. Hybridizations with normal
      chicken DNA and cloned chicken c-myc DNA indicate that the mht sequence probably
      derives from a normal cellular gene that is distinct from the c-myc gene. The
      genetic structure of MH2 suggests that the delta gag and mht sequences function
      as a hybrid gene that encodes the p100 putative transforming protein. The myc
      sequence of MH2 appears to encode a second transforming function. Therefore, it
      seems that MH2 contains two genes with possible oncogenic function, whereas MC29,
      CMII, and OK10 each carries a single hybrid delta gag-myc transforming gene. It
      is remarkable that, despite these fundamental differences in their primary
      structures and mechanisms of gene expression, MH2 and MC29 have very similar
      oncogenic properties.

PMID- 6579545
TI  - Harmonic dynamics of proteins: normal modes and fluctuations in bovine pancreatic
      trypsin inhibitor.
AB  - A normal mode analysis making use of an empirical potential function including
      local and nonlocal (nonbonded) interactions is performed for the bovine
      pancreatic trypsin inhibitor in the full conformational space of the molecule
      (1,740 degrees of freedom); that is, all bond lengths and angles, as well as
      dihedral angles, are included for the 580-atom system consisting of all heavy
      atoms and polar hydrogens. The heavy-atom frequency spectrum shows a dense
      distribution between 3 and 1,800 cm-1, with 350 modes below 216 cm-1. Most of the
      low-frequency modes, of which many have significant anharmonic character, are
      found to be delocalized over the protein. The root-mean-square amplitudes of the
      atomic fluctuations are calculated at 300 K from the normal modes and compared
      with those obtained from a solution molecular dynamics simulation based on the
      same potential function; very good agreement is obtained for the variation in the
      main-chain fluctuations as a function of residue number, though larger
      differences occur for the side chains. The fluctuations are generally, though not
      always, dominated by frequencies below 30 cm-1, in accord with the results of the
      dynamics simulation. The vibrational contributions to the thermodynamic
      properties of the protein are calculated as a function of temperature; the
      effects of perturbations on the spectrum, suggested for ligand or substrate
      binding, are examined. The analysis demonstrates that, in spite of the anharmonic
      contributions to the potential, a normal mode description can provide useful
      results concerning the internal motions of proteins.

PMID- 6579546
TI  - Homology of bone-inductive proteins from human, monkey, bovine, and rat
      extracellular matrix.
AB  - Allogeneic implantation of rat extracellular demineralized diaphyseal bone matrix
      in subcutaneous sites induces a sequence of events resulting in the local
      differentiation of endochondral bone. However, xenogenic subcutaneous
      implantation of human, monkey, and bovine extracellular bone matrix into rat
      showed that bovine matrix had only a weak capacity to induce bone, whereas human
      and monkey matrix had none at all. This suggested that extracellular matrix
      induced bone differentiation is apparently species-specific. We recently reported
      that the extraction of matrix with 4 M guanidine X HCl resulted in complete
      removal of the ability to induce endochondral bone differentiation, with the
      biological activity of the matrix being again restored when the extracted active
      matrix components (less than 50,000 daltons) were reconstituted with the inactive
      residue. To define the possible biochemical basis of species specificity, human,
      monkey, and bovine extracellular bone matrices were extracted with 4 M guanidine
      X HCl and the extracts were reconstituted with biologically inactive rat residue
      and bioassayed. The results were similar to those obtained with intact matrices
      and showed that total extracts of bovine matrix had a weak capacity to induce
      bone, whereas corresponding extracts of human and monkey matrix did not induce
      bone. However, partial purification by gel filtration of 4 M guanidine X HCl
      extracts from each species followed by reconstitution of the different fractions
      with inactive rat residue resulted in bone induction by all species from
      fractions containing proteins of less than 50,000 daltons. These observations
      demonstrate that species specificity of xenogenic extracellular bone matrix is
      due to immunogenic or inhibitory components (or both) in the guanidine X HCl
      residue and solubilized extracellular matrix components of greater than 50,000
      daltons. These results imply that there is homology in the bone inductive
      proteins from human, monkey, bovine, and rat extracellular bone matrices.

PMID- 6579547
TI  - Involvement of a cell-surface glycoprotein in the cell-sorting process of
      Dictyostelium discoideum.
AB  - Cell sorting among prespore cells and prestalk cells in Dictyostelium discoideum
      was studied by using fluorochrome-labeled cells in an in vitro assay. Labeled
      prestalk cells first formed randomly mixed aggregates with unlabeled prespore
      cells. Then cells began to sort out from each other. About 3-4 hr later, prestalk
      cells became clustered at one pole of the aggregate. Aggregates deposited on an
      agar surface underwent morphogenesis and formed migrating slugs within 3 hr. The
      addition of Fab fragments directed against a cell-surface glycoprotein of Mr
      150,000 (gp 150) to the cell mixture completely inhibited the cell-sorting
      phenomenon. Morphogenesis of such aggregates on agar was also delayed by 5 hr.
      However, inclusion of Fab fragments directed against the endogenous lectins, the
      contact site A glycoprotein, or vegetative cells had no detectable effect on cell
      sorting or morphogenesis of these reconstituted aggregates.

PMID- 6579548
TI  - Correction of a genetically caused enzyme defect by somatic cell hybridization.
AB  - Liver cells obtained from newborn mice homozygous for any one of several
      overlapping deletions in chromosome 7 fail to express a number of liver-specific
      differentiated traits. Among these is the activity of the membrane-bound liver
      specific enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase (Glc-6-Pase; D-glucose-6-phosphate
      phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.9). Previous studies have led to the suggestion that
      the region of the genome covered by these deletions includes genes that normally
      regulate the expression of structural genes encoding liver-specific enzymes and
      proteins mapping elsewhere in the genome. To find out whether the deficiency of
      Glc-6-Pase may be caused by the deletion of the relevant structural gene, mouse
      liver cells homozygous for the deletion c14CoS were hybridized with 2S Faza rat
      hepatoma cells, and the hybrid cell cultures were analyzed for mouse and rat Glc
      6-Pase activity. Hybrids showed expression of mouse Glc-6-Pase activity, proving
      that the structural gene for this enzyme is not included in the deletion c14CoS
      in chromosome 7. In the hybrid cells the rat hepatoma genome apparently
      contributes a factor that activates the structural gene of the mouse and corrects
      its failure of expression, which most likely resulted from the deletion of an
      essential regulatory or processing gene. By using as a marker glucose-6-phosphate
      isomerase (Glc-6-PIase; glucosephosphate isomerase, D-glucose-6-phosphate
      ketolisomerase, EC 5.3.1.9), known to map on chromosome 7, this entire chromosome
      could be excluded as a possible carrier of the Glc-6-Pase structural gene. In
      addition, the structural genes for Glc-6-Pase and for tyrosine aminotransferase
      (TyrATase; L-tyrosine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.5), another
      enzyme deficient in lethal deletion homozygotes, were shown to map on two
      different chromosomes. Together with our previous studies of TyrATase gene
      regulation, the present experiments suggest that the region of the mouse genome
      defined by the deletions includes one or more genes regulating the expression of
      several structural genes that map on different chromosomes and that encode liver
      cell-type specific traits.

PMID- 6579549
TI  - Biological significance of carbohydrate chains on monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - We have prepared monoclonal hapten-specific mouse IgG2b antibodies depleted of
      asparagine-linked carbohydrate chains by treating the hybridoma cells with
      tunicamycin. The carbohydrate-deficient antibodies behaved in an identical manner
      to the normal antibodies with regard to fine antigen-binding reactivity (a Fab
      fragment feature) and protein A binding capacity [a feature requiring integrity
      at the CH2 and CH3 domain-interaction regions in the constant region of the heavy
      chain (CH)]. However, they lost the ability to activate complement, to bind to Fc
      receptors on macrophages, and to induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
      Furthermore, antigen-antibody complexes produced from such carbohydrate-deficient
      antibodies failed to be eliminated rapidly from the circulation. We conclude that
      removal of carbohydrate chains from IgG molecules may have a profound and highly
      select impact on the biological activity to these antibodies.

PMID- 6579550
TI  - Composition and distribution of low density lipoprotein fractions in
      hyperapobetalipoproteinemia, normolipidemia, and familial hypercholesterolemia.
AB  - Hyperapobetalipoproteinemia is defined as the combination of a normal low density
      lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the face of an increased LDL apolipoprotein B
      (apoB) protein. To examine the physical basis for the apparent disproportion
      between LDL cholesterol and apoB characteristic of this syndrome, we used density
      gradient ultracentrifugation to isolate LDL fractions from 10 normal subjects,
      from 20 patients with hyperapobetalipoproteinemia (10 normotriglyceridemic and 10
      hypertriglyceridemic), and from 7 patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. In
      familial hypercholesterolemia, more LDL was in fraction 1--"light" LDL--and this
      LDL was relatively enriched in cholesterol and poor in protein. By contrast, it
      was fraction 2--"heavy" LDL--that differed in hyperapobetalipoproteinemia, being
      denser, depleted of cholesterol (particularly cholesteryl ester), and relatively
      enriched in apoB. These findings were more pronounced in the hypertriglyceridemic
      patients than in the normotriglyceridemic patients with
      hyperapobetalipoproteinemia. Thus this study confirms that considerable
      heterogeneity exists between LDL subfractions within individuals but, in
      addition, indicates there are also marked--and apparently characteristic-
      differences in LDL composition amongst normal subjects and patients with
      hyperapobetalipoproteinemia or familial hypercholesterolemia.

PMID- 6579551
TI  - Combination therapy of schistosomiasis by tubercidin and nitrobenzylthioinosine
      5'-monophosphate.
AB  - Nitrobenzylthioinosine 5'-monophosphate (NBMPR-P) inhibits the transport of
      nucleosides, including tubercidin, in mammalian systems but not in Schistosoma
      mansoni. Administration of NBMPR-P with high doses of tubercidin (lethal doses if
      injected alone) by intraperitoneal injection into S. mansoni-infected mice was
      highly toxic to the parasite but not to the host. Combination therapy resulted in
      a striking decrease in the number and copulation of worms. The few worms that
      could be found were so stunted that it was difficult to identify their sex. Mice
      receiving the combination of tubercidin plus NBMPR-P appeared healthy and had
      normal-sized livers and spleens. Combination therapy also caused a drastic
      decrease in the number of eggs in the liver (from 32,500 to 1,800 eggs per liver)
      and in the intestine (from 1,295 to 2 eggs per cm2). All eggs found were dead,
      indicating the termination of oviposition. Very few granulomas were detected in
      livers of treated animals. Sections of these livers showed lesions containing
      dead worms and what appeared to be a process of regeneration of normal tissue
      around old granulomas. Thus, combination therapy reduced the number and the
      progress of the primary pathological lesions associated with schistosomiasis.
      These results demonstrate that through combination therapy, highly selective
      toxicity against a parasite can be achieved. The effectiveness, simplicity, and
      practicality of host protection afforded by this method may yield a promising
      chemotherapeutic approach for the treatment of schistosomiasis and other
      parasitic diseases.

PMID- 6579552
TI  - Mechanisms of hydroxylation by cytochrome P-450: metabolism of monohalobenzenes
      by phenobarbital-induced microsomes.
AB  - The monohydroxylation of halobenzenes by phenobarbital-induced rat liver
      microsomes was studied. The p-halophenol was found to be the major metabolite
      from all four halobenzenes; o-halophenol formation decreased as the halogen atom
      size increased. Vmax for total hydroxylation (ortho and para products) correlated
      well with the sigma + Hammett constant with a negative rho value. This implies a
      positively charged intermediate in the rate-determining step. Vmax for either
      ortho or para hydroxylation alone did not correlate with a Hammett constant,
      implying that the product-determining step occurs after the rate-determining
      step. Rate-determining formation of a radical cation intermediate is postulated
      to explain this data.

PMID- 6579553
TI  - Detection of hepatitis B virus DNA in hepatocytes, bile duct epithelium, and
      vascular elements by in situ hybridization.
AB  - A radiolabeled probe specific for hepatitis B virus (HBV) nucleotide sequences
      was hybridized in situ to liver tissue from three patients with chronic hepatitis
      B. The HBV genome was detected not only in infected hepatocytes but also in bile
      duct epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells. These findings
      extend the known host cell range for HBV, suggest new mechanisms of viral
      dissemination, and illustrate the usefulness of in situ hybridization in the
      study of pathogenesis of HBV infection.

PMID- 6579554
TI  - Single-cell origin of mouse hemopoietic colonies expressing multiple lineages in
      variable combinations.
AB  - By using a micromanipulator, single cells from blast cell colonies were
      individually transferred to 35-mm culture dishes for secondary colony formation.
      When individual colonies appeared to be mature, they were examined for cellular
      composition by May-Grunwald-Giemsa staining and were replated for determination
      of unexpressed hemopoietic potentials. We describe here a total of 50 mixed
      hemopoietic colonies. Seven types of colonies consisting of cells in two
      different lineages were seen--i.e., neutrophil-macrophage, neutrophil-eosinophil,
      macrophage-eosinophil, macrophage-mast cell, macrophage-megakaryocyte, macrophage
      erythrocyte, and erythrocyte-megakaryocyte. Six types of colonies revealed three
      cell lineages--i.e., neutrophil-macrophage-eosinophil, neutrophil-macrophage-mast
      cell, neutrophil-macrophage-erythrocyte, macrophage-mast cell-erythrocyte,
      neutrophil-macrophage-megakaryocyte, and neutrophil-erythrocyte-megakaryocyte
      lineages. In addition, multilineage colonies expressing terminal differentiation
      in varying combinations of more than three lineages were present. Replating
      studies confirmed that the progenitors for many of these colonies are terminally
      committed to differentiation only in the lineages disclosed by staining. This
      study, thus, provides a proof for the single-cell origin of mouse hemopoietic
      colonies expressing various combinations of cell lineages. It also supports the
      hypothesis that the differentiation of multipotential hemopoietic progenitors is
      through progressive and stochastic restriction in cell lineages.

PMID- 6579555
TI  - Metabolism of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines by cultured human tissues.
AB  - N'-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
      (NNK) are present in cigarette smoke and snuff and are carcinogens in laboratory
      animals. In tobacco smokers, the buccal mucosa, trachea, esophagus, bronchi, and
      peripheral lung are exposed to smoke containing significant amounts of these N
      nitrosamines. The results of the present study demonstrate that explants of these
      tissues as well as of the urinary bladder have the capacity to metabolize NNN and
      NNK by alpha-carbon hydroxylation. This metabolic pathway yields
      alkyldiazohydroxides, which are reactive and DNA-damaging electrophiles. The
      extent of alpha-carbon hydroxylation of NNN and NNK in human tissues was only
      1/10th to 1/100th of that in animal tissues. Although the levels of alpha-carbon
      hydroxylation of NNN among different tissues of the same individual were similar,
      a 10-fold variation among individuals was observed. Reduction of the NNK carbonyl
      group was a major metabolic pathway observed with all human explants and may
      occur in the surface epithelia of the respiratory tract of smokers. These results
      provide further evidence that tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines could play a role
      in cancers related to the smoking and chewing of tobacco.

PMID- 6579556
TI  - Acetylcholinesterase of mammalian neuromuscular junctions: presence of tailed
      asymmetric acetylcholinesterase in synaptic basal lamina and sarcolemma.
AB  - A sarcolemma-rich fraction can be isolated after subcellular fractionation of
      mouse intercostal muscles by sedimentation on a discontinuous sucrose gradient.
      The quantitative recovery of the acetylcholine receptor in this fraction is about
      50%, which indicates the presence of a high proportion of postsynaptic membranes.
      Acetylcholinesterase (AcChoEase; EC 3.1.1.7) is found mainly in three different
      layers: the top layer, which contains soluble AcChoEase, the intermediate layer
      (fraction A), and the last, AcChoR-rich, layer (fraction C). The relative
      proportions of the molecular forms of AcChoEase are different in the three
      layers. The "16S" AcChoEase is in a higher proportion in both types of membrane
      fractions (A and C) compared to soluble AcChoEase. Both total AcChoEase and 16S
      AcChoEase are enriched in the A and C fractions. In the C fraction, the
      sequential use of homogenizations in the presence of detergent and high ionic
      strength allows the "solubilization" of two distinct AcChoEase pools. One is
      detergent-soluble and mainly composed of slow-sedimenting forms; the other one is
      detergent-insoluble, high-ionic strength-soluble, and composed mainly of collagen
      like, tailed, asymmetric (16S) AcChoEase. Thus, most of the asymmetric AcChoEase
      is specifically localized in the synaptic extracellular matrix of the mammalian
      muscle fiber. However, in the A fraction, most of the 16S AcChoEase found is
      solubilized by detergent alone, suggesting an association with microsomal
      membranes. It may mean that at least some of the basal lamina-embedded 16S
      AcChoEase is preassembled intracellularly in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

PMID- 6579557
TI  - Identification of the probable site of synthesis of butyrylcholinesterase in the
      superior cervical and ciliary ganglia of the cat.
AB  - The source of butyrylcholinesterase (acylcholine acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.8) in
      the ganglion cells of the cat superior cervical and ciliary ganglia has been
      elusive, inasmuch as the enzyme is present in high concentrations in the
      neuropil, where it is confined largely to the dendritic and perikaryonal plasma
      membranes, but appears to be absent from the perikarya. In the present study,
      ganglionic butyrylcholinesterase was near-totally inactivated by the injection of
      tetramonoisopropyl pyyrophosphoramide (6.0 mumol/kg of body weight)
      intravenously. During the ensuing 72 hr, the regenerating enzyme became
      detectable by the copper thiocholine histochemical method in the somata of
      essentially all ganglion cells and in the neuropil. Results were similar in
      preganglionically denervated superior cervical ganglia and in normal ciliary
      ganglia. These findings suggest (i) that butyrylcholinesterase indeed is
      synthesized in the ganglion cell perikarya (presumably, the rough endoplasmic
      reticulum) and transported extremely rapidly to more peripheral cellular sites
      and (ii) that the synthesis is largely independent of control by any neurotrophic
      factor provided by the preganglionic axonal terminals. Similar studies were
      conducted in the rat. In this species, in contrast to the cat, the somata of
      essentially all ganglion cells of the superior cervical ganglion contain various
      but at least moderate concentrations of acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholine
      acetylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7) and propionylcholinesterase (acylcholine
      acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.8). After injection of tetramonoisopropyl
      pyrophosphoramide, propionylcholinesterase reappeared in the ganglion cell somata
      before its accumulation in the neuropil, as would be expected.

PMID- 6579558
TI  - Emerging ethical issues in fetal therapy.

PMID- 6579559
TI  - Is practical utilization of new technological possibilities inevitable?
AB  - The frequently expressed concern of whether the practical utilization of new
      technological possibilities is inevitable is considered with regard to four
      immediate or potential technological possibilities regarding human reproduction.

PMID- 6579560
TI  - Is sex selection ethical?
AB  - The argument of this paper is that sex selection, except to avoid sex-linked
      disorders, is unethical. Two reasons are given: 1) Prima facie examination of any
      argument for sex selection cannot overcome the unfair and sexist basis of a
      choice to select the sex of a child. The desire to control the sex of a child is
      not rational, since any claim that is made for the parents' preference for one
      sex can be demonstrated to be provided also by the other sex. 2) On an
      examination of the consequences of sex selection, if it were practiced by parents
      in significant numbers, the harmful consequences would far outweigh the few
      fleeting beneficial consequences. The hypothesis that sex selection might reduce
      population in less developed or overpopulated nations cannot be demonstrated
      without violation of ethical principles of fairness and beneficence. The paper
      clarifies and, to an extent, revises a position taken earlier by the author on
      sex selection by amniocentesis. In an effort to argue that the motives of parents
      who desire to choose the sex of their child should not be singled out for harsh
      judgment in societies that allow abortion, the author's position about the ethics
      of sex selection itself was not directly stated. This paper attempts to
      strengthen the ethical content of the author's views and recommends a policy for
      physicians who receive requests from parents to assist them in sex selection.

PMID- 6579561
TI  - Lessons to be learned from the recombinant DNA controversy.

PMID- 6579562
TI  - Why surgical oncology?

PMID- 6579563
TI  - The major histocompatibility system and malignancies.

PMID- 6579564
TI  - Mechanism of resistance to anthracyclines and vinca alkaloids.
AB  - Occurrence of cross-resistance between anthracyclines and vinca alkaloids is the
      rule in experimental tumors with acquired resistance to these drugs. So far,
      there is no indication that this phenomenon is due to an intracellular mechanism
      of action common to the two groups of drugs. In nearly all reported studies,
      acquired experimental resistance and cross-resistance are related to a decreased
      cellular accumulation of both types of drugs, although other factors also are
      involved. In Ehrlich ascites tumors, a number of findings at steady-state
      conditions indicate that the decreased accumulation is dependent on a cellular
      mechanism for active outward drug transport, which is common to anthracyclines
      and vinca alkaloids, but changes in inward transport and intracellular binding
      capacity also contribute. Similar findings have been reported for resistance and
      cross-resistance in P388 leukemia. Recent results with counteraction of acquired
      experimental resistance in animal tumors by inhibition of outward drug transport
      and studies on the effect of different anthracycline derivatives on accumulation
      of daunomycin in resistant cells are discussed.

PMID- 6579565
TI  - Chromosome changes in human malignant diseases.

PMID- 6579566
TI  - Dedifferentiation, maldifferentiation or arrested differentiation in human acute
      myelogenous leukemias.

PMID- 6579567
TI  - Induction of normal cell differentiation in leukemia as an approach to cancer
      therapy.

PMID- 6579568
TI  - Extramedullary leukaemia.

PMID- 6579569
TI  - Estimation of phospholipase A2 activity in guinea-pig endometrium on days 7 and
      16 of the estrous cycle.
AB  - Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity was detected in both the microsomal fraction and
      the supernatant fraction of guinea-pig endometrial homogenates following
      centrifugation at 100,000 x g for 60 min. Between 85% and 95% of the PLA2
      activity was detected in the microsomal fraction. The PLA2 enzymes in both
      fractions had a pH optimum of 8.0. The microsomal PLA2 required 7 mM Ca2+ and the
      supernatant fraction PLA2 required 2 mM Ca2+ for optimum activity. The activities
      of the microsomal PLA2 and supernatant fraction PLA2 increased significantly from
      662.6 +/- 74.5 and 42.0 +/- 7.6 pmol/mg protein/10 min respectively on Day 7 to
      960.4 +/- 106.5 and 79.5 +/- 8.7 pmol/mg protein/10 min respectively on Day 16.
      There was, therefore, a 1.5- to 1.9-fold stimulation in the initial rate of PLA2
      activity between Days 7 and 16 of the cycle. The activities of microsomal PLA2 in
      guinea-pig endometrium are more than adequate on both Days 7 and 16 of the cycle
      to account for the amounts of prostaglandin (PG)F2 alpha released from the guinea
      pig uterus. It is considered that the activation of microsomal (presumably
      membrane-bound) PLA2 by increasing free intracellular Ca2+ levels is probably of
      more importance than the absolute activities of PLA2 in controlling the supply of
      free arachidonic acid for PGF2 alpha synthesis by the guinea-pig endometrium
      during the estrous cycle.

PMID- 6579570
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of prostaglandins and thromboxane B2 in extracted and
      unextracted urine and serum using an iodinated ligand.
AB  - A comparison of radioimmunoassay (R.I.A.) for 6-keto PGF 1 alpha, PGE2 and TXB2
      using 125I-histamine ligands and tritiated tracers showed a 7 to 10 fold increase
      in sensitivity for the 125I derivative, with a resultant reduction in antisera
      requirements by 80%. Study of the effect of purification of biological samples by
      organic extraction and thin layer chromatography showed that for human and rat
      urine, and urine from perfused rat kidneys, direct R.I.A. of unextracted samples
      gave substantially higher estimates of PGE2, 6-keto PGF1 alpha and TXB2 than
      R.I.A. purified material. Indomethacin pre-treatment reduced the levels estimated
      in both extracted and unextracted samples; the results indicating that the higher
      estimates obtained by direct assay were due to a combination of PG/TXB2
      metabolites and non-specific interference. In serum from incubated human blood,
      estimated 6-keto PGF1 alpha and PGE2 levels were significantly higher by direct
      R.I.A. than after extraction, whereas TXB2 levels were similar. Thus purification
      procedures are unnecessary when high serum TXB2 levels are being measured by
      R.I.A. with relatively specific antisera.

PMID- 6579571
TI  - Effect of eicosatetraenyl (3-aminopropyl) phosphonate (URI-73A) on platelet
      aggregation and arachidonic acid metabolism.
AB  - Eicosatetraenyl (3-aminopropyl) phosphonate (URI-73A), an experimental anti
      hypertensive drug, when tested in vitro, inhibits platelet aggregation especially
      that induced by arachidonic acid (AA) and to a lesser degree by epinephrine.
      Preincubation of human platelets with this compound in the majority of
      individuals resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of the platelet response to
      AA, mostly in the form of a delay and a reduction of maximal aggregation.
      Platelets from two smaller groups of donors either exhibited full aggregation or
      no aggregation. Both the prelabel and pulse label techniques used to study
      arachidonic acid metabolism yielded complementary results. Production of
      thromboxane and hydroxy fatty acids was reduced in thrombin-aggregated washed
      platelets preincubated with URI-73A. In addition, the release of AA from
      phospholipids was inhibited. Its complex effects on human platelets suggest that
      URI-73A may, as an AA analog, depress cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, and as a
      phospholipid analog inhibit phospholipase activity.

PMID- 6579572
TI  - Early streptozotocin diabetes and hunger.
AB  - The initial effect of streptozotocin diabetes is not hyperphagia, but reduced
      food intake. Diabetic hyperphagia reaches maximum only after many days.
      Utilization of body fat may account for the delayed appearance of diabetic
      hyperphagia; this effect may be mediated by plasma fat metabolites. Plasma levels
      of free fatty acids (FFAs), ketone bodies, and glycerol are greatly elevated
      following STZ treatment, but return nearly to normal as diabetic hyperphagia
      appears.

PMID- 6579573
TI  - Hyposensitivity to serotonergic stimulation in protein malnourished rats.
AB  - Rats subjected to early protein malnutrition have higher levels of brain
      serotonin (5-HT) than well-nourished rats. In the present study we asked whether
      the elevated 5-HT levels of associated with any changes in sensitivity to
      serotonergic stimulation. In four different behavioral tets the effects of the 5
      HT agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) were, with only a few exceptions, smaller
      in rats malnourished during both pre- and postweaning stages of development or
      during just one period or the other. In Experiment 1 the 5-HT syndrome induced by
      DMT was weaker in malnourished rats than in well-nourished ones. In Experiments 2
      and 3, DMT was not a disruptive to malnourished rats in two motor tasks, rotating
      rod and treadmill, as it was to rats reared under high protein conditions. In
      Experiment 4 reductions in acoustic startle amplitudes induced by DMT were not as
      large in malnourished as in well-nourished rats. The hyposensitivity to DMt in
      protein malnourished rats may reflect a diminished sensitivity of 5-HT receptors
      resulting from the abnormally high levels of the neurotransmitter.

PMID- 6579575
TI  - Color coding: a dynamic visualization method for dental charting.

PMID- 6579574
TI  - Another look at placing and polishing amalgam in one visit.

PMID- 6579576
TI  - A long-term clinical comparison between a lathe-cut alloy and Dispersalloy.

PMID- 6579577
TI  - The rationale for a philosopher in a dental school.

PMID- 6579578
TI  - [Isoenzyme studies in acute leukemia].

PMID- 6579579
TI  - Radioprotective and hemodynamic effects of 5-methoxytryptamine following
      different route of its administration in rats.

PMID- 6579580
TI  - Prostaglandin F2a, an ovulatory intermediate in the in vitro perfused rabbit
      ovary model.
AB  - PGF2a has been proposed as a mediator of mammalian ovulation. To elucidate
      further the role of PGF2a in the process of ovulation, PGF and PGF2a metabolite
      were measured by radioimmunoassay in the perfusate of an in vitro perfused rabbit
      ovary preparation. Perfusion medium samples were collected over a 10 to 12 hour
      period from ovaries perfused with tissue culture M199 (total volume 150 ml,
      sample volume 3 ml) to which varying amounts of hCG had been added. [The PGF2a
      antisera a 40% cross reaction with PGF1a, hence total PGF was measured with this
      antisera.] Both PGF and PGF2a metabolite showed a linear increase with time and
      numbers of ovulations. PGF media accumulation was 575 pg/ovary/ovulation/hr and
      PGF2a metabolite accumulation was 367 pg/ovary/ovulation/hr. Medium prostaglandin
      content could be correlated with numbers of ovulations, ovulatory efficiency
      (number of ovulations/total follicles) but not total follicles. These data best
      fit a model of independent ovulatory units producing PGF2a without recruitment or
      interaction between them. We infer that PGF and PGF2a metabolites in this system
      can be used as a direct index of the ovulation process.

PMID- 6579581
TI  - Differential effects of sex steroids on prostaglandin secretion by male and
      female cultured piglet endothelial cells.
AB  - The effect of sex steroids, 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone, on the production
      of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, prostaglandin F2 alpha and prostaglandin E2 was
      studied in cultures of piglet aorta endothelial cells. In cells isolated from
      female animals both steroids stimulated the secretion of prostaglandins. In
      contrast, sex steroids did not affect prostaglandin synthesis by endothelial
      cells taken from male animals. In addition, female endothelial cells convert
      testosterone into estriol, estrone and estradiol. Estradiol-induced stimulation
      of prostacyclin production may explain in part the beneficial role generally
      attributed to naturally occurring estrogens in cardiovascular diseases.

PMID- 6579582
TI  - Congressional hearing on the environmental implications of genetic engineering.

PMID- 6579583
TI  - Response to the "Report on the Social and Ethical Issues of Genetic Engineering
      with Human Beings".

PMID- 6579584
TI  - Mechanism of respiratory effects of methylxanthines.
AB  - Neural respiratory responses to theophylline, aminophylline and ethylenediamine
      were determined in paralyzed, vagotomized and glomectomized cats whose end-tidal
      PCO2 and brain temperature were kept constant. Intravenous theophylline and
      aminophylline similarly stimulated respiration, but ethylenediamine had no
      effect. The following did not cause the response: muscular and mechanical
      factors, carotid body and vagal reflexes, spinally mediated mechanisms arising
      below C7, changes of arterial PCO2 or medullary ECF pH, changes of whole body
      metabolic rate or release of substances from the adrenal glands. Absence of
      suprapontine brain did not prevent the response. Pretreatment with a serotonin
      antagonist did not affect the response but two different dopamine antagonists
      caused its attenuation. When administered into the third ventricle, theophylline
      did not stimulate respiration, but both aminophylline and ethylenediamine, due to
      the latter's ability to mimic the inhibitory effects on neurons of gamma
      aminobutyric acid (GABA), caused significant depression of respiration. We
      conclude that the neural respiratory response to systemically administered
      theophylline is mediated at the level of the brainstem, and somehow involves the
      action of the neurochemical dopamine. The failure of cerebroventricularly
      administered theophylline to stimulate respiration must be related to its
      inability to reach the appropriate neurons from the cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 6579587
TI  - A death knell for UCR?

PMID- 6579585
TI  - Ferritin and malignant hemopathies. II. Serum ferritin in adults with acute
      lymphocytic leukemia at presentation and in remission.

PMID- 6579586
TI  - The specter of Alzheimer's disease.

PMID- 6579588
TI  - Senile dementia: metaphor for our time. The effect of senile dementia on
      relationships with others echoes the sense of discontinuity in American society.

PMID- 6579589
TI  - Dementia and delirium: detection in the general hospital. The detection and
      management of dementia and delirium must receive a high priority.

PMID- 6579590
TI  - A strategy for those in the shadow of Alzheimer's disease. Government and the
      health professions must support efforts to solve the biological, social, and
      human problems.

PMID- 6579591
TI  - [Leukocyte adherence inhibition in acute leukemia and in refractory anemia with
      myeloblastic excess].

PMID- 6579592
TI  - [Malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].
AB  - Rapid regression of all symptoms was obtained after moderate chemotherapy in two
      women aged 69 and 77 years respectively with malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
      Cervico-facial locations of these tumors are discussed in relation to definition,
      etiology, geographic factors, genetic markers, and associated immunologic
      disorders. Diagnosis requires a series of explorations including, obviously as a
      last resort, exploratory cervicotomy. Other regions may be involved and must be
      investigated, but lesions not affecting lymph nodes occur in only approximately 2
      p. cent of patients with cervico-facial malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
      (approximately 10 p. cent of all malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas). Other
      localizations include the hard palate, gums, sinuses, and salivary glands.
      Burkitt's lymphoma represents, on the contrary, 30 p. cent of malignant non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma seen in European children. The different therapeutic
      modalities available are discussed.

PMID- 6579593
TI  - [Thrombopenia as the presenting symptom of acute disseminated lupus
      erythematosus: Moschcowitz's disease].
AB  - Possible relationships between Moschcowitz's disease and acute systemic lupus
      erythematosus are analyzed based on findings in one case. Initial exclusively
      buccal symptoms suggested a diagnosis of lupus, and then of Moschcowitz's disease
      leading to a fatal outcome. The main points discussed relate to diagnostic
      difficulties to enable distinction between the two diseases. A thrombotic
      thrombopenic purpura during the second phase of the disease showed a
      characteristic microangiopathy associated with a non-autoimmune hemolytic anemia
      and a schizocytosis: two forms of the affection are recognized, one with a
      chronic and one with an acute course. The latter, which has a fulminating
      progression leading to death, was that described in the case reported.

PMID- 6579595
TI  - [Giant ameloblastoma. Apropos of a case of mandibular localization].
AB  - A case of a rare form of giant ameloblastoma of the mandible is reported, and the
      lack of relationship between the size and malignancy of such tumors emphasized,
      as well as the value of using a modified Pons technique through an enlarged
      orobuccal approach.

PMID- 6579596
TI  - [Robinow's syndrome].
AB  - Clinical and radiologic findings and differential diagnosis of the rare Robinow's
      syndrome are discussed in relation to one case. Features included nanism
      associated with multiple malformations such as mesomelic brachymelia, buccofacial
      anomalies, genital hypoplasia and hemivertebra. Transmission mechanisms are
      unknown and the karyotype is always normal.

PMID- 6579594
TI  - [Circumscribed scleroderma with naso-labio-alveolar localization. Apropos of a
      case].
AB  - A case of morphea linearis is reported. This rare affection carries a good
      prognosis, as opposed to that of generalized or systemic sclerodermas and certain
      forms of morphea. Treatment is essentially surgical.

PMID- 6579597
TI  - [A new concept of Pierre Robin syndrome and disease: dysneurulation of the
      rhombencephalon].
AB  - Pierre Robin's syndrome, a disorder apparently constituted by peripheral signs,
      is in fact the result of early major disturbances of ontogenesis of motor and
      regulatory organization of the fetal rhombencephalon. This is confirmed by the
      presenting signs in neonates with Pierre Robin's syndrome: --electrophysiological
      deglutition and sucking disorders as demonstrated on electromyography; -
      disorders in tone of tongue, pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles; --cardiac and
      respiratory regulatory disorders as shown by central and obstructive apneas with
      diminished oxygen pressure and bradycardia of central origin during sleep; and
      gastro-esophageal reflux. Associated signs indicating that Pierre Robin's
      syndrome is a separate disease entity are: --evidence of a rhomboencephalic
      neurocristopathy (malformation of 3rd and 4th aortic arch arteries, thymic and
      parathyroid hypoplasia) associated with a central rhomboencephalic lesion and
      resulting in dysneurulation; --mesencephalic lesion as seen in Stickler's
      syndrome and prosencephalic lesion as in Binder's syndrome, indicating more
      diffuse cephalic dysneurulation. The common origin of Di George's and Pierre
      Robin's syndromes is emphasized, the neonatal microretrognathism of the latter
      syndrome being a bulbar sign. Pierre Robin's syndrome has a poor prognosis, as
      there is a fatal outcome in one out of four neonates affected, and it appears to
      be an affection that is the clinical expression of an early major anomaly of
      cephalic neurulation.

PMID- 6579598
TI  - [Salivary lithiasis as a complication of surgically treated Robin syndrome].
AB  - A 15-year-old girl, operated upon (surgical ankyloglossia) at birth for
      glossoptosis due to Pierre Robin's syndrome provoking respiratory distress,
      presented with lithiasis of Wharton's duct. The pathogenesis of the lithiasis is
      considered to be related to the wounds and scars following the sublingual
      surgery, findings in this case also strongly suggesting the role of mechanical
      and inflammatory factors in the etiology of salivary gland lithiasis in general.

PMID- 6579599
TI  - [A paradoxical orthodontic syndrome].
AB  - A particular characteristic of dentomaxillary dysharmony, probably the most
      frequently encountered anomaly in dentofacial orthopedic practice, is often the
      result of the presence of physiologic facial asymmetry. Attention is drawn to a
      syndrome, which could be thought to be paradoxical, and which associates facial
      asymmetry affecting the left side and dentomaxillary dysharmony that is curiously
      more marked on this same side.

PMID- 6579600
TI  - Posteruptive development of isolated and confluent pits in fluorosed enamel in a
      6-year-old girl.
AB  - A 6-yr-old Danish girl born and reared in a high fluoride area in Kenya was
      examined for a period of 1 1/2 yr during which a permanent maxillary central
      incisor erupted. Present primary and permanent teeth showed obvious dental
      fluorosis with isolated pits on primary molars. At the time of eruption the crown
      of the permanent central incisor had its normal anatomical shape. Isolated and
      confluent pits began to develop about the time of complete eruption. The
      observations thus confirm previous theories suggesting that pits in fluorosed
      enamel are secondarily produced defects of traumatic origin.

PMID- 6579601
TI  - Study on the dissolution behaviour of calcium fluoride.
AB  - The dissolution of two analytical calcium fluoride preparations was studied in
      aqueous solution. Dissolved calcium fluoride was determined from analysis of Ca
      and F in solution. Original samples of the two preparations and the residue after
      partial dissolution were studied by X-ray diffractometry in comparison with
      natural fluorite. The dissolution of calcium fluoride was found to be extremely
      slow. After a period of 1-15 weeks, depending on the experimental conditions, a
      state was reached where apparently no further dissolution occurred, although the
      solution was far from saturation. The dissolution rate was obviously closely
      related to the crystal size. On partial dissolution the mean crystal size
      increased, probably due to the disappearance of the finest fractions. Placing the
      salt in a dialysis bag before immersion in the water lowered the dissolution rate
      and increased the undissolved fraction considerably. The results seem to support
      the assertion that calcium fluoride accumulated in early carious lesions after
      topical applications of fluoride may persist for considerable periods of time.

PMID- 6579602
TI  - Localization of carious lesions in occlusal pits and fissures of human premolars.
AB  - The position of carious lesions in fissures of 50 maxillary premolars was studied
      in serial ground sections in polarized light using air and various aqueous media
      for imbibition. The particular section in which the greatest pore volume was
      demonstrated, was selected for morphometric measurements of the fissure, i.e.
      depth, width, and angle. The localization of the carious lesion was registered in
      relation to four areas around the fissures, i.e. above the entrance, the top and
      bottom part of the wall, and below the base of the fissure. Most frequently the
      carious lesion was localized in the lower part of fissures (61%). Multiple foci
      both in the upper and lower part were found in 36% of the fissures. Only 13% had
      carious lesions positioned above the entrance. No relationship was found between
      fissure morphology and site of the carious lesions. However, this study has
      confirmed that fissured areas are highly susceptible to caries in premolars.

PMID- 6579604
TI  - Effect of chlorhexidine and lanthanum on plaque formation.
AB  - The present study included rinses with aqueous solutions of lanthanum prior to
      and after traditional chlorhexidine mouthrinses. Lanthanum has an extremely high
      affinity for phosphate, and the experiments were designed to examine the role of
      this anion as a receptor site for chlorhexidine in the oral cavity. The results
      indicate that from 1/3 to 1/2 of the chlorhexidine retained in the oral cavity
      may be bound to phosphate groups.

PMID- 6579603
TI  - Effect of xylitol on dental plaque in vivo during carbohydrate challenge.
AB  - Xylitol has previously been shown to inhibit acid production in vitro when
      glucose is used as energy source, and the present studies were carried out to
      investigate whether this effect was valid in vivo. A solution containing both
      xylitol and glucose was applied on sucrose-induced 4-day-old plaque in vivo. The
      xylitol added to the glucose solution inhibited the acid production in the
      plaque, measured as a drop in pH, compared to using glucose alone. A further
      reduction in acidogenicity was obtained when xylitol was used as a rinse for 1 hr
      continuously prior to the glucose challenge.

PMID- 6579605
TI  - Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii agglutinins in human saliva.
AB  - The objectives were to determine the degree of Actinomyces agglutinating activity
      in human saliva and to begin characterizing the agglutination mechanism.
      Agglutination titres of whole saliva collected from adults and 6-yr-old children
      were compared. Titres for A. naeslundii were always higher than for A. viscosus.
      The mean A. naeslundii titre for the adults' and children's samples were
      equivalent. The children had a slightly lower mean titre than the adults for A.
      viscosus. No correlation was found between IgA concentrations and agglutination
      titre. Agglutinating activity was partially impaired by incubation with anti-IgA
      serum. Activity in submandibular/sublingual saliva was resistant to heat at 56
      degrees C but sensitive to boiling. Boiling the bacteria had no effect. In sugar
      inhibition tests, only galactosides (beta-Gal) and glucosamine (for A. viscosus)
      affected Actinomyces agglutination but impairment was only temporary.
      Agglutinating activity was diminished by incubating saliva with hydroxyapatite.
      Thus, Actinomyces agglutinins 1) are probably distinct from IgA but may complex
      with it; 2) may include both beta-Gal and higher affinity sites; and 3) may
      contribute to salivary pellicle.

PMID- 6579606
TI  - Lysis of Streptococcus mutans BHT by salivary lysozyme.
AB  - The aim of this work was to study the bacteriolytic ability of human salivary
      lysozyme (HSL) on Streptococcus mutans BHT. The cells were grown in a synthetic
      medium containing 3H-thymidine to monitor DNA release after incubation with
      either HSL, purified by ion exchange chromatography, or hen egg white lysozyme
      (HEWL). The experiments demonstrated that HSL as well as HEWL could liberate DNA
      from cells. The lysis was dependent on enzyme concentration as well as incubation
      time. Approximately 80% of the 3H-thymidine was released at final concentrations
      of 4.5 micrograms/ml and incubation-times exceeding 16 hr. Additional treatment
      of the suspensions with DNase increased the levels of released radioisotopes. The
      lytic ability of HSL and HEWL was similar at low concentrations. HSL inactivated
      with goat antiserum to human lysozyme decreased the liberation of DNA by about
      70%. This study suggests that HSL can lyse S. mutans BHT without presence of
      inorganic ions.

PMID- 6579607
TI  - Regional variations in viable bacterial and yeast counts of 1-week-old denture
      plaque in denture-induced stomatitis.
AB  - Quantitative cultural studies of yeasts and bacteria were made from 1-week-old
      denture plaque accumulated on pieces of self-adhesive tape stuck on the fitting
      surface of the maxillary denture in four well-defined locations. A tape piece was
      also stuck on the buccal denture flange. The cultural examinations were made in
      15 patients with denture-induced stomatitis which affected most of the denture
      bearing mucosa. There was no significant difference of the bacterial counts from
      the different sampling areas although the variations between patients was
      significant. The yeast counts from the test area located on the buccal denture
      flange were significantly lower than those originating from the fitting denture
      surface. On the other hand, there was no significant variation of the yeast
      counts when comparing the test areas of the fitting denture surface. In 12/15 of
      the patients yeast counts of greater than or equal to 10(3)/cm2 were obtained
      from the fitting denture surface. The results indicate that the environmental
      conditions beneath a denture base predispose for yeast colonization and are
      different from those present on the buccal flange.

PMID- 6579608
TI  - An epidemiologic study of malignant oral tumors in Sweden 1958-77.
AB  - The paper presents epidemiologic data of malignant oral tumors in Sweden 1958-77
      including the total number of cases, the number and relative frequency of cases
      in different sublocations of the oral region and the mean annual age standardized
      incidence rate, all ages, per one million population, by site and sex. An
      analysis of different histopathologic types of oral tumors is also presented. A
      comparison is made between the two 10-yr periods 1958-67 and 1968-77. Errors
      involved in epidemiologic studies are discussed.

PMID- 6579609
TI  - Normal variation in skin surface temperature over the temporomandibular joint and
      masseter muscle.
AB  - The range of the temperature at the skin surface overlying the temporomandibular
      joint (TMJ) and the origin of the superficial belly of the masseter muscle was
      investigated in 35 individuals with normal TM joints and 29 individuals with
      normal masseter muscles. The temperature was measured by a thermistor in contact
      with the skin. The temperature over the TMJ varied between 32.1 degrees C and
      35.5 degrees C (average 34.3 degrees C). The difference in temperature between
      right and left sides was to an average 0.3 degrees C. The temperature over the
      masseter muscle ranged from 30.9 degrees C to 35.7 degrees C (average 33.2
      degrees C). The difference in temperature between right and left sides was an
      average 0.4 degrees C. It was concluded that there is a fairly wide range of skin
      temperature over the normal TMJ and origin of the masseter muscle under the
      experimental conditions prevailing in this study but that the differences between
      right and left sides are fairly small. It therefore seems possible to use this
      thermometric method to assess inflammatory processes and/or changed metabolic
      activity in the TMJ and masticatory muscles.

PMID- 6579610
TI  - Porosity of restorative resins.
AB  - Polyethylene tubes were filled with different types of composite resins using
      either the bulk-packing technique or the syringe injection technique. The
      porosity of the specimens was studied. Specimens made by light-activated systems
      were less porous compared to specimens made by two-paste systems. Use of the
      injection technique was followed by a reduction in porosity in both groups
      compared to use of the bulk-packing technique.

PMID- 6579611
TI  - Weight loss of endodontic sealers, cements and pastes in water.
AB  - A solubility test based on weight loss in water, as proposed for standard testing
      programs (ADA & ISO), was adapted for assessing the solubility of 10 root canal
      sealers, cements and pastes. The weight loss of the set materials during 24 hr in
      distilled water at 37 degrees C ranged from -0.84 (AH26) to 22.71 (Kloroperka N
      O) weight per cent. The results were reproducible, and the test was considered
      suitable for routine testing of weight loss in water of endodontic materials.
      However, the test may not provide information which is directly related to the
      clinical behavior of the materials.

PMID- 6579612
TI  - Corrosion of amalgams with special regard to zinc.
AB  - Five dental amalgams were studied in an in vitro corrosion test. Cylindrical test
      specimens were stored in weak lactic acid solutions at different pH for 1 month.
      The solutions were analyzed for zinc, the specimens were inspected and examined
      in SEM. The results showed that zinc was dissolved rather quickly from the
      amalgams and the amount was highest for the conventional one. Some amalgams had a
      low tendency for corrosion products to adhere to the surfaces. The presence of
      zinc did not seem to reduce their corrosion resistance.

PMID- 6579613
TI  - Corrosion of zinc-containing dental amalgam.
AB  - The gamma 1 lattice constant of amalgams with and without zinc kept under
      corrosive and non-corrosive conditions was determined at different times after
      trituration. Zinc disappeared during 1 d from the gamma 1 phase of an amalgam
      made from 0.9% Zn alloy and during 30 d from an amalgam made from 4% Zn alloy,
      when powdered amalgam was in contact with a 1% NaCl solution.

PMID- 6579614
TI  - Working time of dental amalgams.
AB  - The purpose of the present work was to study the setting of amalgams made from
      several different commercial alloys by recording the rate of initial mercury
      consumption, and then to compare the findings with those from other methods of
      defining the early setting process. The results show that the rate of initial
      mercury consumption is well correlated with clinicians' classification of the
      rate of setting of amalgams, but not correlated with mechanical tests like early
      compressive strength and guillotine setting time used till now in estimating the
      working time of amalgams. Based on these findings an appropriate method of
      determining the mercury:alloy proportion and working time of dental amalgams is
      suggested.

PMID- 6579615
TI  - Proliferation and migration of rat incisor mesenchymal cells.
AB  - Sixty female Wistar rats were injected with tritiated thymidine and killed at
      intervals between 1 hr and 72 hr after injection. Autoradiographs of paraffin and
      Vestopal W embedded sagittal sections of the maxillary incisors were prepared.
      The distribution of labeled cells after 1 hr revealed the basal pulp cells and
      the preodontoblasts as proliferative cells. The growth rate of the incisor and
      the migration of the basal pulp cells were established from the position of
      labeled cells at 72 hr observation time. The number and localization of labeled
      and unlabeled mitoses were registered in order to determine the duration of the
      generation cycle of the proliferative cells. The identical cell generation time
      of preodontoblasts and basal pulp cells and the migration pattern of the latter
      indicate that the preodontoblasts are renewed by preodontoblast multiplication
      and not by migration of basal pulp cells.

PMID- 6579616
TI  - Histochemical demonstration of activity of acid phosphatase and beta
      glucuronidase in bovine incisor tooth germs.
AB  - Activity of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase was shown in bovine
      preodontoblasts and preameloblasts prior to the onset of secretion. In the
      preameloblasts the rather weak reaction consisted of small discrete granules
      dispersed in the cytoplasm apical, lateral, and proximal to the nucleus. After
      initiation of enamel formation, a change in localization and intensity of the
      colored reaction product was observed in the ameloblasts. The activity appeared
      stronger and was restricted to a narrow zone just apical to the nucleus. It is
      proposed that the acid hydrolases in the tooth forming cells are located to the
      Golgi complex. The differences in activity of acid hydrolases between bone and
      tooth forming cells are expounded.

PMID- 6579618
TI  - Occurrence of caries and periodontal disease in selenium-treated patients with
      Spielmeyer-Sjogren's disease.
AB  - The possible influence of continuous exposure to selenium on dental caries and
      gingivitis was examined during a clinical trial of selenium administration to
      patients suffering from a progressive encephalopathy, Spielmeyer-Sjogren's
      disease. The study group consisted of eight children (mean age 12.5 years) and a
      control group of the same age and size from the same institution. DMFS- and
      Gingival Bleeding Indices were recorded at the onset of the selenium medication
      and thereafter once a year. No difference in the caries incidence or in the
      prevalence of gingivitis between the two groups could be shown during the follow
      up period.

PMID- 6579617
TI  - Effect of topical application of stannous fluoride, stannous chloride and
      stannous tartrate on rat caries.
AB  - Topical application of 10 mM aqueous solutions of stannous fluoride inhibited
      caries in rats to a higher degree than 20 mM sodium fluoride, although the
      difference was not statistically significant. Furthermore, stannous fluoride
      reduced the number of Strep. mutans in plaque significantly; stannous ions have
      an antibacterial effect. Stannous chloride and stannous tartrate did not reduce
      caries in the rats, probably because of the low concentrations of available
      stannous ions in these solutions at low pH. The high concentration of stannous
      ions in solutions of stannous fluoride is probably partly due to the reduced
      hydroxide formation resulting from the buffering effect of HF formed at low pH in
      this solution.

PMID- 6579619
TI  - Associations between gingivitis, pocket depths, and radiographic bone loss in
      interproximal areas in young adults.
AB  - Fifty-five 15-yr-old Brazilian students were selected on the basis of presence or
      absence of radiographic bone loss. One hundred and fourteen sites were selected,
      representing areas with and without bone loss, with varying degrees of
      inflammation and pocket depths. The association between the parameters were
      evaluated on a site by site basis. Areas with deep pockets more often showed
      severe inflammation and bone loss than did areas with shallow pockets. However,
      deep pockets often occurred where no bone loss could be detected
      radiographically. In this age group clinical assessments seem to overestimate the
      prevalence of destructive periodontitis, and should be supplemented with
      radiographic examination for screening purposes and for identification of risk
      subjects.

PMID- 6579620
TI  - Cellular enzyme activity associated with tissue degradation following orthodontic
      tooth movement in man.
AB  - Enzyme histochemical techniques were used as markers of macrophage activity and
      differentiation in the periodontal tissues following orthodontic tooth movement
      in man. The enzymes studied included lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and its tartrate
      resistant isoenzyme, arylsulfatase, aminopeptidase M and prostaglandin
      synthetase. Chloroacetyl esterase activity was studied in order to detect
      possible neutrophilic degrading activity. Intense activities of arylsulfatase and
      prostaglandin synthetase and a moderate activity of aminopeptidase M were found
      in cells degrading the hyaline zone. However, no activity of tartrate resistant
      acid phosphatase was found in these cells. Giant cells in contact with bone
      surfaces adjacent to the hyaline zone exhibited an intense activity of succinic
      dehydrogenase, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase and aminopeptidase M.
      Chloroacetyl esterase activity did not change following orthodontic treatment.
      The results indicate that macrophages in various stages of differentiation were
      responsible for the degradation of the hyaline zone and alveolar bone during
      orthodontic tooth movement. The enzymatic differences were probably due to the
      influence of the immediate cellular environment. Prostaglandin synthetase
      activity, which may be interpreted as a sign of prostaglandin secretion, was
      associated with the degradation of the hyaline zone in man.

PMID- 6579621
TI  - Observer variability of and comparison between visual and central bearing point
      methods of evaluating denture occlusion.
AB  - Central bearing point and visual methods were used in the study of repeated
      recordings of occlusion in 30 patients with old complete dentures. The results
      were classified into di- and trichotomous categories. Intra- and interexaminer
      variability were generally high. In addition, significant differences were found
      between the examiners in the level of recording denture occlusion. The use of
      trichotomous categories increased the variability to an unacceptable level. The
      variability with the central bearing point method was higher than with the visual
      method. However, occlusal discrepancies were found with significantly higher
      frequencies with the central bearing point method than with the visual method.

PMID- 6579622
TI  - Porosity in microfill restorative composites cured by visible light.
AB  - Previous studies indicate that porosity in dental microfill composite
      restoratives reduces the clinical qualities of this group of materials. Porosity
      may decrease the optical quality of restorations and is probably a strong factor
      in reducing wear resistance of Class 1 fillings. In view of possibly eliminating
      this disturbing factor it was the purpose of the present work to study the effect
      of variables in the clinical technique on porosity. Initially it was found that
      filling by spatula as well as paste-paste mixing of non-porous microfill
      materials caused high porosity, and that the visible light curing microfill
      brands studied were pore-free as delivered by manufacturers. Consequently only
      this type of material was studied in detail and only when applied by syringing
      technique. Poor adaptation of composite to tube inside and to cavity walls as
      well as too small diameter of the tube tip were found to be factors greatly
      adding to porosity. In cylindrical cavities, 3 mm in diameter and 2 mm deep,
      porosity could be consistently reduced to zero by wetting the inside of the tube
      as well as the cavity walls by a drop of visible light curing monomer and by use
      of tube with a tip opening of 1.0 mm. Similar positive results were obtained for
      simulated Class 1 fillings. No adverse effects of this technique were found.

PMID- 6579624
TI  - Gut hormones in disease. Proceedings of the fourth symposium in a series on Basic
      Science in Gastroenterology. London, UK, 21 September 1982.

PMID- 6579623
TI  - After-polymerization of visible light activated resins: surface hardness vs.
      light source.
AB  - The Wallace hardness of four visible light activated resins (Durafill, Heliosit,
      Silux and Visio-Dispers) was investigated at different times from 1 min and 35 s
      up to 60 min after start of irradiation. The prevailing part of the increase in
      surface hardness was found within the first few min after irradiation and this
      pattern was similar in all resins independent of light source.

PMID- 6579625
TI  - Interdigestive motor activity in health and disease.
AB  - Interdigestive contractile activity in the gastrointestinal tract was measured in
      dogs and humans. During the interdigestive state, it was found that in healthy
      dogs and humans, cyclically-recurring strong contractions occurred in the stomach
      at approximately 100 min intervals and migrated through the small bowel in a
      caudal direction. The interdigestive contractions consist of three phases, phase
      I being quiescent while phases II and III are contractile. Phase II contractions
      resemble those in the digestive state and therefore mix the contents, and phase
      III contractions are strong in contractile force and consequently squeeze and
      expel the contents in a caudal direction. Intraduodenal pH changes were studied
      together with motor activity and it was found that intraduodenal pH remained at a
      slightly alkaline level during the interdigestive state in the dog; however, in
      human studies, it was revealed that intraduodenal pH drops below pH 7.0 only
      during the phase II period. These characteristic contractile changes in the
      interdigestive state are controlled at least in part by the cyclic increase in
      motilin concentration in the plasma, but it is not known what regulates the
      cyclic release of motilin during the interdigestive state. Feeding promptly
      eliminates changes in the plasma motilin concentration. It is not known whether
      other gut hormones are involved in the regulation of these specific motor changes
      in the interdigestive state. One of the typical disorders in motor activity was
      found in duodenal ulcer. In duodenal ulcer patients, the most characteristic
      difference from normal subjects was that the duration of phase II activity was
      significantly prolonged and intraduodenal pH fluctuated widely and intensely
      during the period. Hypersecretion of acid is well known to be the specific
      feature of this disease. However, the present study clearly indicates that
      spontaneous acid secretion per se or vagally induced acid secretion during phase
      II disturbs the interdigestive motor cycle and, in consequence, leads to the
      development of ulcers due to the fact that acid contents alone are continuously
      mixed in the stomach over the prolonged period of phase II activity. These
      findings lead us to a better understanding of the true pathogenesis of this
      disease as well as effective treatment of patients from a radical as well as
      symptomatic standpoint.

PMID- 6579626
TI  - Significance of the molecular heterogeneity of gut hormones.
AB  - Molecular heterogeneity is a fundamental feature of ribosomally synthesized
      proteins and polypeptides. The heterogeneity reflects gene duplications with
      subsequent differences in mutation of the genes, different post-transcriptional
      and post-translational processings and different amino acid modifications. Gut
      hormones are also heterogeneous, but the degree of heterogeneity reported so far
      for each hormone has varied. The most extensively studied (i.e. cholecystokinins,
      gastrins, opioid peptides and glucagons) have displayed a high degree off
      heterogeneity. Similar degrees will probably emerge for the remaining gut
      hormones when they have been studied in greater detail. In accordance with the
      nature of the molecular difference, a distinction between macro- and
      microheterogeneity is proposed. Macroheterogeneity is caused by variations in
      peptide chain length; microheterogeneity by derivatizations or substitutions in
      single amino acid residues. The molecular heterogeneity has profound implications
      for measurement and study of a gut hormone. Thus, measurement in biological
      fluids requires careful evaluation of the number and affinity of different
      molecular forms. Understanding of the function and pathophysiology of gut
      hormones requires full clarification of their molecular heterogeneity.

PMID- 6579627
TI  - Pathological acid secretion not due to gastrinoma.
AB  - There are few detailed studies of patients with pathological hypergastrinaemia of
      antral origin. We have identified four patients with severe acid hypersecretion
      associated with peptic ulcer disease and in whom no evidence for gastrinoma or
      isolated retained antrum could be found. Three of these patients also had
      hypergastrinaemia. In two patients, one with gastric ulcers and one with duodenal
      ulcer disease, the hypergastrinaemia appeared to be due to antral gastrin cell
      hyperfunction and there was also evidence for mild antral gastrin cell
      hyperplasia. In the other hypergastrinaemic patient, a primary intestinal gastrin
      cell hyperfunction syndrome was suspected, but a hidden gastrinoma could not be
      excluded. The remaining patient had nearly fatal hypersecretory ulcer disease and
      cimetidine failed to control the hypersecretory state. In this patient the
      hypersecretion responded to a more potent H2 antagonist with resolution of a
      metabolic encephalopathy. No general pathophysiological mechanism could be
      identified in these patients or in larger groups of patients with gastric or
      duodenal ulcer disease.

PMID- 6579628
TI  - The role of neurotensin in disease.
AB  - Current thinking concerning the possible role off neurotensin in disease is
      reviewed. The type of approach used in this article is to summarize the results
      of studies concerning release of neurotensin-like immunoreactivity and to
      describe the effects of neurotensin which may be of physiological significance
      such as changes in gastrointestinal motility from a fasting to a fed type in
      gastric acid secretion and vasoconstriction in adipose tissue. The possible
      involvement of neurotensin in motility disturbances, duodenal ulcer and obesity
      has also been discussed. In addition, studies concerning the role of neurotensin
      in endocrine tumours are presented.

PMID- 6579629
TI  - Proceedings of the 2nd International Sucralfate Symposium, The 7th World Congress
      of Gastroenterology, Stockholm 1982.

PMID- 6579630
TI  - Binding of sucralfate to duodenal ulcer in man.
AB  - Biopsy specimens of ulcerated and of adjacent non-ulcerated duodenal mucosa were
      obtained from 17 patients with active duodenal ulcer who had received a single
      oral dose of 1 g sucralfate. Similar specimens were obtained from 21 patients
      with a recently healed duodenal ulcer. The specimens were assayed for aluminum to
      provide an estimate of the amount of sucralfate bound to the mucosa. Sucralfate
      was present at significantly higher concentrations in ulcerated mucosa than in
      non-ulcerated mucosa for 6 hr after dosing. In addition, sucralfate was found to
      bind to healed duodenal ulcers for 6 hr after dosing. This finding provides a
      rational basis for the use of sucralfate in the maintenance therapy of duodenal
      ulcer.

PMID- 6579631
TI  - Effect of sucralfate on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in the rat.
AB  - We studied the effect of sucralfate on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in
      the rat. In doses of 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg given 1.5 hr before the
      oral administration of 3 g/kg ethanol, sucralfate inhibited the development of
      erosions by 36, 62, 72, 90, 98 and 100 percent, respectively. Cimetidine, up to a
      dose of 160 mg/kg, was ineffective in this model. Sucralfate, in a dose of 400
      mg/kg, also decreased the drop in transmucosal potential difference produced by
      the intragastric instillation of 3 ml of 20% ethanol from 21 mV to 13 mV. In
      separate experiments, pylorus-ligated rats received 125I-labeled human serum
      albumin intravenously and the leakage of 125I-radioactivity into the gastric
      lumen was studied as a parameter of mucosal permeability to macromolecules.
      Ethanol, in a dose of 3 g/kg, produced a two-fold increase in leakage over
      control. This was prevented by sucralfate (250 mg/kg) when given either 1.5 hr
      before or 3 hr after the dose of ethanol. The results of these experiments
      suggest that sucralfate protects the gastric mucosa against ethanol-induced
      damage by enhancing mucosal resistance.

PMID- 6579632
TI  - Relapse rates following initial ulcer healing with sucralfate and cimetidine.
AB  - The relapse rate following successful short-term therapy with sucralfate or
      cimetidine was studied in a group of 86 patients with recently healed duodenal or
      gastric ulcer. The patients were endoscoped on clinical relapse or, routinely, at
      6 weeks, 6 months and one year. Patients whose ulcers had healed on cimetidine
      relapsed earlier than did those whose ulcers had healed on sucralfate (p less
      than 0.05 at 12 weeks), but the cumulative relapse rate by the end of one year
      was of the order of 70% in both treatment groups. The mean duration of remission
      in patients who developed a recurrence was significantly greater in patients
      treated initially with sucralfate than in those treated initially with cimetidine
      - 7.3 and 4.6 months, respectively (p less than 0.01).

PMID- 6579634
TI  - Travellers' diarrhoea: new insights.

PMID- 6579633
TI  - Maintenance sucralfate and duodenal ulcer relapse--an interim report.
AB  - Fifty-four patients with recently healed duodenal ulcers were entered into a
      single-blind 1 year follow-up study to assess the value of sucralfate in
      preventing relapse and to establish the lowest dose required to achieve this. To
      date, 35 patients have completed a 6-month follow-up period. Endoscopic
      recurrences were found in 1 of 9 patients randomised to sucralfate 1 g bd, in 3
      of 14 on sucralfate 1 g nocte, and in 7 of 12 of the controls. The relapse rates
      in the sucralfate treated groups were significantly lower than in the control
      group, but the small number of patients at this stage of the study precludes firm
      conclusion as to whether a maintenance dose of 1 g nocte is as effective as a
      dose of 1 g bd.

PMID- 6579635
TI  - Epidemiology of travellers' diarrhoea.
AB  - Travellers' diarrhoea is the most frequent health problem encountered during a
      stay in developing countries. A recent study based on interviews with 16,568
      charter-flight passengers returning to Europe from 13 destinations in various
      climatic regions provides epidemiological data on a worldwide scale. Significant
      differences in diarrhoeal incidence varied not only between individual
      destinations, but also between hotels in the same area. Travel characteristics,
      and a record of former tropical journeys influenced the incidence to a minor
      degree. Persons under 30 were more often affected than older travellers. Within
      international groups meeting in developing countries, the risk varied according
      to the patient's country of origin, with the residents of industrialised nations
      being most often affected. The various regions show non-essential differences in
      chronology and symptomatology. This is consistent with quantitative rather than
      qualitative geographical variations in causative agents. Potentially life
      threatening gastrointestinal infections, such as typhoid and cholera, are very
      rarely acquired by tourists.

PMID- 6579636
TI  - Antisecretory activity of opiates in vitro and in vivo in man.
AB  - Both in vitro and in vivo studies of the influence of opiates on ion transport
      and of their antisecretory activity are described. Morphine and the synthetic
      opioid, loperamide, are included particularly. It is clear that the opiates have
      an antisecretory effect and can inhibit secretion induced by a variety of
      different secretagogues. Secretion induced experimentally in the human jejunum in
      vivo is reduced by loperamide, indicating a potential role for such an agent in
      the treatment of secretory diarrhoeas.

PMID- 6579637
TI  - Video in dentistry.

PMID- 6579638
TI  - How to avoid "nothing for something".

PMID- 6579639
TI  - Gold.

PMID- 6579641
TI  - Taking the leap: a strategy for successfully automating your practice.

PMID- 6579640
TI  - Investing for income.

PMID- 6579642
TI  - Upgrading office sterility.

PMID- 6579643
TI  - Oral pathology: clinical diagnostic case.

PMID- 6579644
TI  - The importance of recalling partial denture patients.

PMID- 6579645
TI  - Occurrence of musculoskeletal, disorders in a manufacturing industry with special
      attention to occupational shoulder disorders.
AB  - Among around 11.000 employees of a swedish company, 47,9% of all cases of long
      term sick-absences were found to be due to musculoskeletal diseases. Diseases
      from neck and shoulder were almost as common as back-diseases and in light
      manufacturing workshops neck and shoulder disorders predominated. 112 cases of
      prolonged shoulder disorder were further studied. All had occurred among
      labourers. The disorder was found significantly more often among women, among
      immigrants and within certain occupations. By comparing the 112 cases with
      matched controls, a long list of different variables characterizing the patients
      and their jobs was identified. As a consequence of the findings further
      investigations have been initiated, practical measurements among the workers have
      been introduced and an EMG-equipment for easy analysis of muscle tension on
      actual work situations has been constructed.

PMID- 6579646
TI  - [Miniplate osteosynthesis in maxillofacial trauma and corrective surgery].

PMID- 6579647
TI  - [Clinical pharmacokinetics of Articain after intraoral and intramuscular
      applications].

PMID- 6579648
TI  - [Results after sagittal incision of the mandible and simultaneous maxillary
      osteotomy using the authors' own method].

PMID- 6579649
TI  - The effect of salivary coating on dental plaque morphology studied by the replica
      technique.

PMID- 6579650
TI  - [Stress from the psychosocial viewpoint].

PMID- 6579651
TI  - [Occupational stress and the forms of dealing with it--a study of Swiss
      dentists].

PMID- 6579652
TI  - [Coping with stress situations].

PMID- 6579653
TI  - [Problem patients in dental practice].

PMID- 6579654
TI  - [Psychology in dental prophylaxis for youth and fringe groups].

PMID- 6579655
TI  - [Psychology of coworker management].

PMID- 6579656
TI  - [Are we correctly programmed?].

PMID- 6579657
TI  - [Psychology and the removable denture].

PMID- 6579658
TI  - [Psychosomatic aspects of headache].

PMID- 6579659
TI  - [Psychosomatic factors in temporomandibular joint diseases].

PMID- 6579660
TI  - [Therapeutic outlook in psychosomatic diseases of the masticatory apparatus].

PMID- 6579661
TI  - [Society in transition--comments of a psychiatrist].

PMID- 6579662
TI  - Is a statewide tumor registry needed for South Dakota?

PMID- 6579663
TI  - Clinicopathologic conference. Seventy-four year old Caucasian female with filling
      defect in cecum by x-ray and blood loss anemia.

PMID- 6579664
TI  - The rural family medicine clerkship (RFMC) at the University of South Dakota
      School of Medicine: a six year review 1977-1982.

PMID- 6579665
TI  - Nursing: a profession built on caring.

PMID- 6579666
TI  - [Radiological studies on the healing process of tooth extraction wounds.
      Observations by a density measurement analyzer].

PMID- 6579667
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy of calcified cartilage matrix in the mandibular
      condyle of the human fetus].

PMID- 6579668
TI  - [The clinico-pathological study of human deciduous dental pulp responses to glass
      ionomer cement].

PMID- 6579669
TI  - [Clinical trials of dental xeroradiography. Evaluation of the Xerox 110 System].

PMID- 6579670
TI  - [Genetic study of deciduous dentition among American white children, American
      black children and Japanese children (1)].

PMID- 6579672
TI  - [Management of acute periodontal and pulp infections].

PMID- 6579671
TI  - Radiologic imaging of osteosarcoma: role in planning surgical treatment.
AB  - We reviewed radiographic studies of 50 central osteosarcomas to assess their
      accuracy and contributions to surgical treatment planning. Accurate anatomic
      delineation was especially important when limb-sparing tumor resection was
      considered. The plain roentgenograms yielded most of the diagnostic information,
      and often showed large masses located so that major neurovascular involvement was
      inevitable. Conventional tomography added little. Computed tomography (CT)
      usually was accurate in showing tumor extent and relationships to major nerves
      and vessels. However, CT was less useful when vessels were not seen, when edema
      and hemorrhage (especially after biopsy) blurred tumor margins, or when tumor
      margin and soft tissue planes blended together without clear definition.
      Angiography was essential when vascular relationships were unclear on CT.
      Scintigraphy occasionally revealed subtle intra-marrow tumor extension, but
      nonspecific increased uptake beyond the true tumor limits was more common than
      occult tumor spread.

PMID- 6579673
TI  - [Preprosthetic surgery].

PMID- 6579674
TI  - [Management of impacted teeth].

PMID- 6579675
TI  - [Management of injured teeth].

PMID- 6579676
TI  - [Periapical curettage and apicoectomy].

PMID- 6579677
TI  - [Autologous transplantation of fully developed teeth].

PMID- 6579678
TI  - [Surgical management of the labial frenum in children].

PMID- 6579679
TI  - [Surgical management of sialolithiasis].

PMID- 6579680
TI  - [Significance of initial preparation in periodontal surgery and management of
      periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6579681
TI  - [Subgingival curettage--methods and instruments].

PMID- 6579682
TI  - [Gingivectomy and gingivoplasty].

PMID- 6579683
TI  - [Flap surgery in periodentistry].

PMID- 6579684
TI  - [Mucogingival surgery in periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6579685
TI  - [Mechanisms of wound healing].

PMID- 6579686
TI  - [Evaluation of systemic health of patients undergoing minor oral surgery].

PMID- 6579687
TI  - [Diagnosis of maxillofacial injuries in emergencies].

PMID- 6579688
TI  - [Minor surgery and surgical anatomy in maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6579689
TI  - [Disinfection and sterilization in dental practice].

PMID- 6579690
TI  - [Local anesthesia and management of complications in minor oral surgery].

PMID- 6579691
TI  - [Hematopoietic cell cultures in hematology].

PMID- 6579692
TI  - [Cultivation of bone marrow and blood cells of patients with acute leukemia in
      agar medium].

PMID- 6579693
TI  - [Prognosis of recurrences and analysis of factors affecting the survival of
      patients with acute leukemia].

PMID- 6579694
TI  - [Neurological changes in acute leukemia (from the standpoint of a therapist
      hematologist)].

PMID- 6579695
TI  - [Clinical, cytochemical and immunological characteristics of the blast crisis in
      myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6579696
TI  - [Effect of splenectomy on the phagocytic activity of neutrophils].

PMID- 6579698
TI  - Texas dental students' attitudes toward TDA.

PMID- 6579697
TI  - Texas Dental Association constitution, bylaws, articles of incorporation.

PMID- 6579700
TI  - Dental assistance plan manual. How to deal with dental "insurance". Texas Dental
      Association.

PMID- 6579699
TI  - The miracle mixture. Glass ionomer and alloy powder.

PMID- 6579701
TI  - Insurance companies don't pay claims--people pay claims.

PMID- 6579702
TI  - Dental "insurance" complaints.

PMID- 6579703
TI  - How dental coverage may be offered in Texas.

PMID- 6579704
TI  - Angiotensin II does not elicit any specific prostaglandin secretion in piglet
      cultured endothelial cells.
AB  - PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were measured in culture media from piglet aortic endothelial
      cells by radioimmunological analysis. Prostacyclin secretion was evaluated by
      radioimmunological analysis of its stable metabolite, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha after
      reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography separation. No stimulation of
      either prostaglandin was detectable in culture media after treatment with
      angiotensin II (10(-9) to 10(-6) M) for 15 to 120 min at 37 degrees C. Under the
      same conditions angiotensin II (10(-7) M) elicited a 2 to 3 fold increase in PGE2
      and PGF2 alpha secretion when incubated with cultured piglet aortic smooth muscle
      cells. In addition, we failed to detect specific angiotensin receptors at the
      surface of intact cultured endothelial cells. Since there was a very rapid
      increase in prostaglandin secretion after washing or medium changes we suggested
      that the effects of Angiotensin II on prostacyclin production, demonstrated in
      perfused organs, could be due to the mechanical stimulation elicited by the
      contraction of the underlying smooth muscle cells.

PMID- 6579705
TI  - Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic approach to antithrombotic therapy.
      Proceedings of a symposium, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, September 27-29, 1982.

PMID- 6579706
TI  - The relationship between dose, pharmacokinetics, plasma-concentrations and
      antithrombotic effects of nafazatrom.
AB  - Nafazatrom is rapidly and almost completely absorbed after oral administration.
      However, the plasma levels of unchanged nafazatrom are very low, suggesting an
      extensive biotransformation during a first passage through the liver. The
      concentrations of nafazatrom in the plasma therefore, may only reflect indirectly
      the effective concentration at the receptor site. Concentrations, half-life and
      distribution of nafazatrom between aqueous and liquid compartments suggest that
      the cellular membrane may be the site of action.

PMID- 6579707
TI  - Dipyridamole disposition after chronic administration: effect of aspirin.

PMID- 6579708
TI  - The effect of aspirin on the pharmacokinetics of sulfinpyrazone in man.

PMID- 6579709
TI  - Relevance to redesigning aspirin therapeutic regimens.
AB  - The quantitative relationship between the plasma aspirin (ASA) concentrations and
      the various responses have not been established in man. Nevertheless, available
      information would suggest that the pharmacodynamic Emax model adequately
      describes both the inhibition of TxB2 production by ASA and the competitive role
      of salicylic acid (SA) in the reaction. Available pharmacokinetic data can be
      used to predict plasma ASA and SA levels following different ASA dosing regimen.
      Such information can be useful in designing prospective studies and managing
      patients who receive ASA.

PMID- 6579710
TI  - The relationship between basic biomedical research and the design and analysis of
      clinical trials.

PMID- 6579711
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics of dipyridamole.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics off dipyridamole were studied in six normal subjects and 20
      patients. The normal subjects received 20 mg IV each and five also took a 50 mg
      oral dose. Concentrations after the intravenous dose showed a tri-exponential
      decline with a terminal half-life of 11.6 +/- 2.2 hr (mean +/- S.D.). Total
      plasma clearance was 138 +/- 30 ml/min and the apparent volume of distribution
      was 141 +/- 51 l. Peak concentrations after oral dipyridamole occurred 2--2.5 hr
      after the dose. Systemic availability of the oral dose was 52 +/- 23%. Plasma
      protein binding was 99.13 +/- 0.24%. Twenty patients, admitted for coronary
      artery bypass grafting, received total daily doses of 150 mg, either as 50 mg tid
      or 75 mg bid. Based on drug cumulation during chronic dosing, the terminal half
      life averaged about half a day. There was wide interpatient variability,
      averaging about 10-fold, in observed plasma concentrations for both dosage
      regimens. The bid regimen was not associated with lower trough concentrations of
      the drug than the tid regimen. These results indicate that dipyridamole
      concentrations vary widely in patients receiving the drug, and suggest that it
      could be administered twice a day, and that dipyridamole levels should be
      monitored for the antithrombotic effect in clinical studies.

PMID- 6579712
TI  - The endoendothelial fibrin lining. Symposium of the XII. European Conference on
      Microcirculation. Jerusalem, 5-10 September 1982.

PMID- 6579713
TI  - The endo-endothelial fibrin lining. A historical account.

PMID- 6579714
TI  - The physiological significance of the endoendothelial fibrin lining (EEFL) as the
      critical interface in the 'vessel-blood organ' and the importance of in vivo
      'fibrinogenin formation' in health and disease.
AB  - The author's theory of the endoendothelial fibrin lining (EEFL), first advanced
      in 1953 and developed by him ever since, localizes the homeostasis between steady
      fibrin formation and deposition, or 'fibrination', and continuous fibrinolysis in
      the more or less immobile portion of the plasmatic zone next to the vessel wall.
      In 1971, the author advanced, in relation to the EEFL, the theory of fibrinogen
      gel clotting without thrombin action or 'fibrinogenin' formation in vivo.
      Considerable direct and indirect experimental evidence, secured by the author and
      by several other investigators, advanced markedly the knowledge of the normal
      physiology and the pathophysiology of various disease processes involving the
      vessel wall and blood circulation. The information presented is an extension to
      that given in the author's recent overview (Clin. Hemorheology 1, 9-72, 1981). It
      deals both with new data by several investigators including those by the author,
      as well as with older data from the literature. The author maintained already in
      1960 that the blood together with the blood vessels, in which it circulates,
      constitute 'an entity'. In 1981 he postulated this entity to be a very special
      organ, named conveniently 'vessel-blood organ', which is ubiquitous and
      penetrates all other organs and adjacent tissues. The EEFL of the vessel-blood
      organ is considered by the author as the crucial critical interface between the
      blood and the vessel wall. It is the primary barrier, followed by the endothelium
      (comprising the endothelial cells and the interendothelial cement substance which
      contains or is identical with 'cement fibrin') and the basement membrane for the
      exchanges between the blood, the vessel wall and its surrounding tissues and
      spaces. The EEFL acts as anticoagulant, is antithrombogenic, maintains vascular
      patency and aids cardiac action by decreasing significantly the apparent
      viscosity of blood, referred to in the literature as the 'Copley-Scott Blair
      phenomenon'. A new concept of leukocyte emigration traversing the capillary wall
      is presented, affecting focal fibrinolysis of the EEFL and of fibrin contained in
      the interendothelial cement substance and in the basement membrane. The physical
      property of capillary (or vascular) permeability is related to the existence of
      the EEFL, since, as found by Copley et al, both fibrinopeptides, liberated in the
      transition of fibrinogen to fibrin, and plasminopeptides, freed in the conversion
      of plasminogen to plasmin, enhance capillary permeability. Capillary fragility,
      which is antagonistic to capillary permeability, is in great part due to
      fibrinolytic action on fibrin as a constituent of the basement membrane.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6579715
TI  - On the aggregation of fibrinogen molecules.
AB  - Aggregates of human and bovine fibrinogen were obtained under various conditions,
      ranging from segment-like precipitates to highly ordered paracrystals and
      crystals. Their biochemical characterization and the interpretation of their
      banding pattern by electron optical means was attempted. The observed extra vivum
      aggregation of fibrinogen without thrombin action, i.e. without cleavage of
      fibrino-peptides A and B is of particular interest with regard to Copley's theory
      of the endoendothelial fibrin lining. The in vivo formation of such fibrinogen
      gels is discussed.

PMID- 6579716
TI  - Macromolecular surface films at a solid/liquid interface.
AB  - Macromolecules generally adsorb well to a solid/liquid interface but do not
      produce more than a monolayer of molecules in cases where the molecules are
      reasonably soluble in the liquid medium. This is because for second or higher
      layer adsorption, the interaction would have to be between segments of
      macromolecules in solution and segments of macromolecules on the surfaces. Such
      interactions between segments of soluble macromolecules in solution do not,
      however, lead to adhesions. Some of the segments of surface held macromolecules
      would have to have been altered in their reactivity in order that second and,
      progressively, multilayer formation could occur. This is not too hard to accept
      in the case where the adsorbing macromolecule is a protein. A decline of
      reactivity with layer number could be a factor in limiting the growth of the
      surface multilayer or gel. The presence of a weakly elastic gel at the boundary
      with a flowing suspension will strongly influence the flow pattern in its
      vicinity. Effectively flow is slowed down and could essentially be stopped even
      without having to seal off the vessel totally. It is thus possible to conceive of
      mechanisms by which an endoendothelial fibrin layer is not only built up but
      would also function as proposed by Copley.

PMID- 6579717
TI  - The vascular endothelium as an inhibitor of thrombin.
AB  - Uptake and inhibition of thrombin on the endothelium of porcine aorta was studied
      in vitro. The thrombin was labelled with 125J and its enzyme activity was
      measured with an amidolytic assay. After exposure to the aorta both the enzyme
      activity and radioactivity disappeared from the solution and were recovered as
      surface bound activities. The rate of inhibition of the surface bound thrombin
      was determined in presence or absence of plasma. In presence of plasma the
      endothelially confined enzymatic activity was rapidly inhibited, no enzymatic
      activity was recovered in plasma. The surface bound radioactivity, however,
      decreased slowly and was recovered in plasma. In absence of plasma only slow
      inhibition took place. It is concluded that thrombin taken up on the endothelium
      is rapidly inhibited there by an interaction with plasma and then released in an
      inactivated state. An alternative conclusion, based on the anticoagulant and
      antithrombotic actions of the endothelial fibrin lining is briefly discussed.

PMID- 6579718
TI  - Vascular potential and thrombosis.
AB  - The electrochemical phenomena related to the negative charge of blood cells have
      provided a means of defining the importance of these parameters in vascular
      thrombosis. In parallel with these works, measurements of transmembrane potential
      have revealed that the vessel wall also carries negative charges and thus takes
      part in the repulsion of blood cells and prevents them from being adhesive on the
      intima. These charges come from various origins (ion or protein adsorption,
      active transfer through the vascular wall, ionized groups ...). Vascular
      potential can be approached by means of various techniques: transmembrane
      potential (electro-osmosis), circulation potential (in vitro and in vivo). On the
      basis of published results and his own personal research, the author compares the
      different values that have been obtained. Consequently, it has been observed that
      the transmembrane charge measurements that are accessible using electro-osmosis
      techniques and streaming potential do reflect some discordances according to the
      methods used. The importance of these parameters and the part they play in
      thrombosis phenomena is discussed.

PMID- 6579719
TI  - Plasma protein interactions at biological interfaces.
AB  - The adsorption of plasma proteins, especially fibrinogen at the endoendothelial
      interface and to the surfaces of the blood cellular elements in contact with
      blood is relevant to both hemostasis and thrombogenesis. The intact endothelium
      is the most thrombo-resistant surface known and the exact nature of this
      structure holds the answer to developing adequate biocompatibility for implants
      and prosthetic devices. Under physiological conditions the endoendothelial
      surface, blood cellular elements and plasma proteins all possess net negative
      charges which will play a role in their interactions. The density and charge sign
      of ionizable surface groups will determine the local value of pH at that surface.
      Distributions of surface charge are possible which could lead to local pH values
      which vary from one region to another by several units of pH. Erythrocytes and
      platelets possess adsorbed fibrinogen and the endothelial surface is likely also
      to attract fibrinogen. The presence of one or more layers of fibrinogen on the
      endothelial lining is, therefore, a well founded physicochemical expectation.
      Aggregation of the blood cellular elements is mediated by calcium ions,
      fibrinogen and other agents depending upon the cell type. The presence of
      fibrinogen is essential for platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate
      and for the observed changes in platelet surface charge. There is evidence that
      in general electrostatic interactions are important in the contact relationships
      between the blood cellular elements and other surfaces either natural or foreign.

PMID- 6579720
TI  - United States Air Force Dental Corps.

PMID- 6579721
TI  - The tongue: the new role in oral health care, the old role in disease diagnosis.

PMID- 6579722
TI  - [Liver damage after treatment of acute lymphatic leukemia in children].

PMID- 6579723
TI  - A search for association of HLA antigens with paranoid schizophrenia. A9 appears
      as a possible marker.
AB  - Sixty-two Dutch patients with the diagnosis paranoid schizophrenia (SCH) were HLA
      A-, -B- and -C-typed. An increase in the frequencies of A9 (P = 0.02, relative
      risk 1.8) and B5 (P = 0.04, relative risk 1.9) was found. Although these
      correlations do not remain significant after correction for the number of
      antigens tested, both findings confirm other data from the literature, including
      the first published report from a population in Sweden. From all hitherto
      published literature data, the combined relative risks for A9 and B5 is
      significantly increased. These data strongly indicate that the distribution of
      HLA antigens among SCH patients is different from the control population.

PMID- 6579724
TI  - Comments on the use of cord-blood mononuclear cells in screening for DR specific
      maternal antibodies.

PMID- 6579725
TI  - The palatal ruga pattern: a new classification.

PMID- 6579726
TI  - The palatal ruga pattern in six southern African human populations. Part I: A
      description of the populations an a method for its investigation.

PMID- 6579727
TI  - The palatal ruga pattern in six southern African human populations. Part II:
      Inter-racial differences.

PMID- 6579728
TI  - The palatal ruga pattern in six southern African human populations. Part III: An
      evolutionary perspective.

PMID- 6579730
TI  - Some extrinsic factors in the aetiology of periodontal disease I.

PMID- 6579731
TI  - Fruit induced sensitivity at cervical margins.

PMID- 6579729
TI  - Periodontal instrumentation for the general dental practitioner. Part II
      Management, maintenance and sterilization.

PMID- 6579732
TI  - A comparison of Entonox and nitrous oxide for inhalation sedation in dentistry.

PMID- 6579733
TI  - An investigation into the relationship of alveolar bone height and timing of
      canine retraction following premolar extraction.

PMID- 6579734
TI  - A new local anaesthetic for South Africa.

PMID- 6579735
TI  - Extrinsic factors in the aetiology of periodontal disease. Part II.

PMID- 6579736
TI  - Acute odontogenic infections of the jaws.

PMID- 6579737
TI  - Anterior aesthetic restorative resins.

PMID- 6579738
TI  - [An appliance to standardize profile tomography of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6579739
TI  - Hypnotic induction and nitrous oxide sedation in children.

PMID- 6579741
TI  - Denture cleaner developed by South African dentist.

PMID- 6579740
TI  - Aesthetic resins - clinical techniques for private practice.

PMID- 6579742
TI  - Full dentures: the first visit.

PMID- 6579743
TI  - [Effect of a cariogenic diet on the formation of the incisor enamel
      ultrastructure in rats].

PMID- 6579744
TI  - [Effect of chewing gums on the pH of mixed saliva in vivo].

PMID- 6579745
TI  - [Mechanism of the stimulation of reparative osteogenesis by laser radiation].

PMID- 6579746
TI  - [Characteristics of the chemical composition of dental calculus].

PMID- 6579747
TI  - [Model of electrical current distribution in the tooth root during
      electrophoresis].

PMID- 6579748
TI  - [Effect of sorbitol and saccharose on glycolysis in the mixed saliva of persons
      with intact teeth and caries lesions].

PMID- 6579749
TI  - [Local immunity indices of patients with periodontal pathology].

PMID- 6579750
TI  - [Leukocyte migration across the oral mucosa in the dynamics of the surgical
      treatment of periodontosis].

PMID- 6579751
TI  - [Basis for the use of acupuncture reflexotherapy in odontogenic neuralgia of the
      trigeminal nerve].

PMID- 6579752
TI  - [Evaluation of patient psychophysiological status by a clinical scale before a
      dental surgery intervention].

PMID- 6579753
TI  - [For rural workers--accessible and quality dental care].

PMID- 6579754
TI  - [Nonspecific reactivity in acute odontogenic infection].

PMID- 6579755
TI  - [Use of laser therapy in nonspecific inflammatory processes of the
      temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6579756
TI  - [HLA antigens in patients with traumatic osteomyelitis of the mandible].

PMID- 6579757
TI  - [Kallikrein-kinin system and the blood cortisol level of patients with
      maxillofacial phlegmons].

PMID- 6579759
TI  - [Surgical treatment of odontogenic inflammatory processes in acute leukemia
      patients].

PMID- 6579758
TI  - [Electrolyte balance corrections in patients with acute odontogenic inflammatory
      processes].

PMID- 6579760
TI  - [Physical methods in the combined treatment of maxillofacial actinomycosis].

PMID- 6579761
TI  - [Wegener's granulomatosis with generalized necrosis of the facial soft tissues
      and mandible].

PMID- 6579762
TI  - [Treatment of fractures of the middle portion of the facial skeleton using metal
      plates].

PMID- 6579763
TI  - [Treatment of mandibular fracture patients using a compression-distraction
      apparatus].

PMID- 6579764
TI  - [Autotransfusion in the practice of surgical dentistry].

PMID- 6579765
TI  - [Psychiatric aspects of the combined therapy of patients with maxillofacial
      neoplasms].

PMID- 6579766
TI  - [Prognosis of the occurrence of regional metastases in patients with oral
      squamous cell carcinoma based on data on the clinico-morphological manifestation
      of the tumor].

PMID- 6579767
TI  - [Effect of remineralization therapy on enamel mineralization processes and
      permeability].

PMID- 6579769
TI  - [Ways to increase the effectiveness of teaching dentistry in therapeutic and
      health and hygiene departments].

PMID- 6579768
TI  - [Compensatory-adaptive restructuring of the masticatory apparatus and its role in
      the process of adapting to complete removable dentures].

PMID- 6579770
TI  - [Experience in using in the instructional process differential diagnosis by a
      programmed control device].

PMID- 6579771
TI  - [Case of a delayed diagnosis of multiple foreign bodies in the facial soft
      tissues].

PMID- 6579772
TI  - [Spontaneous restoration of the patency of the parotid duct after its complete
      rupture due to a suppurative wound].

PMID- 6579773
TI  - [Apparatus for transposing the upper anterior teeth in the vestibular direction].

PMID- 6579775
TI  - [Centralized compressor unit].

PMID- 6579774
TI  - [Myositis ossificans of the masticatory muscle].

PMID- 6579776
TI  - [Role of function in the development of dentition deformity].

PMID- 6579778
TI  - [The toothbrush--the most accessible personal hygiene tool].

PMID- 6579777
TI  - [Health and hygiene habits in oral care and tooth loss in the adult population of
      Finland].

PMID- 6579779
TI  - [Clinico-experimental studies on the effect of certain dysgnathias on S-sound
      pronunciation].

PMID- 6579780
TI  - [Experimental studies on thermoplastic impression materials with special regard
      to MUCO 220].

PMID- 6579781
TI  - [The use of statistical analysis methods as an example in dentistry. 2.
      Discriminant analysis, correlation studies].

PMID- 6579782
TI  - [Stereomicroscopic studies of the changes in the plastic bristles of toothbrushes
      as related to their service life].

PMID- 6579784
TI  - [The use of metronidazole (Vagimid) in odontogenic infections].

PMID- 6579783
TI  - [The cooperation between oral surgeon and orthodontist in the treatment of a
      marked prognathism. A case report].

PMID- 6579785
TI  - [The diagnosis and therapy of odontogenic soft-tissue infections].

PMID- 6579786
TI  - Presidential address.

PMID- 6579787
TI  - Contusional injuries of the distal optic nerve.

PMID- 6579788
TI  - Late features of solar retinopathy.

PMID- 6579789
TI  - Carotico-cavernous fistula neurosurgical management in the 1980s.

PMID- 6579790
TI  - Massive peri-retinal proliferation following prophylactic treatment of retinal
      breaks.

PMID- 6579791
TI  - An ultrasonic spatial sensor's role as a developmental aid for blind children.

PMID- 6579792
TI  - Report of the 1982 New Zealand Ophthalmological Society travelling fellow.

PMID- 6579793
TI  - Extended wear hydrophilic contact lenses for aphakia.

PMID- 6579794
TI  - Ocular toxocariasis.

PMID- 6579795
TI  - Treatment of pigment epithelial detachments in the elderly.

PMID- 6579796
TI  - Computerised tomography in orbital problems.

PMID- 6579797
TI  - The use of draining implants in resistant cases of glaucoma. Late results of 110
      operations.

PMID- 6579798
TI  - [Change in the prostaglandin and catecholamine levels in spontaneously
      hypertensive rats fed diets with different polyunsaturated fatty acid contents].
AB  - The authors provide the data on the content of prostaglandins and catecholamines
      in biological fluids (blood and urine) derived in experiments on 28 rats aged 4
      months with spontaneous hereditary hypertension given the diets with varying
      content of polyunsaturated fatty acids during pre- and postnatal periods. Rats
      fed the diet containing sunflower and linseed oil manifested a significant
      decrease in arterial blood pressure and activation of prostaglandin and
      sympathoadrenal systems.

PMID- 6579799
TI  - [Urinary and fecal excretion of porphyrins and their precursors in leukemia
      patients].
AB  - Delta-aminolevulinic acid (DALA), porphobilinogen (PBG) and porphyrins in urine
      and feces were determined in 40 healthy controls (20 males and 20 females) and in
      60 patients with acute leukosis (27 males and 33 females), with chronic
      myeloleukosis - 23 (10 males and 13 females), and 25 patients with chronic
      lympholeukosis (II males and 14 females). Another 15 patients (7 males and 8
      females) were studied at the initial stage, recurrence, recidivation of acute
      leukosis (AL). DALA excreted with the urine, manifested no significant
      discrepancy as compared with the controls of the three groups examined patients
      and in all the three stage of AL, whereas PBG was moderately reduced in the AL
      patients - initial stage and recurrence and was within the normal limits in the
      patients with chronic myeloleukosis (CML) and chronic lympholeukosis (CLL). The
      urine excreted coproporhyrin was increased, to various degrees, in the patients
      with CML and CLL and at the initial stage, recurrence and recidivation of AL,
      whereas uroporhyrin was within the norm. Coproporphyrin, excreted in the feces,
      was increased in all three groups of patients with leukosis and in the three
      stages of AL, whereas the other fractions showed no significant difference as
      compared with the controls. It could be concluded, from the results obtained,
      that porphyrins metabolism is disturbed in the patients with leukosis.

PMID- 6579800
TI  - Sonographic antepartum diagnosis of dicephalus dipus dibrachius: two case
      reports.

PMID- 6579801
TI  - Effect of ethrane supplementation on intrapulmonary shunting in dogs anesthetized
      with nitrous oxide and morphine.

PMID- 6579802
TI  - Public health legacy of the Vietnam War: post-traumatic stress disorder and
      implications for Appalachians.

PMID- 6579803
TI  - [Mechanical strain in the forearm bones].
AB  - Knowledge of the physiologic distribution of strain in bone is essential for a
      successful osteosynthesis by means of compression plate. This method guarantees
      optimum stability if the plate acts as a tension band. If the side of tensile
      stresses varies within the bone, strain may not only occur on the side of the
      plate but also on the opposite cortex. In such cases the distribution of pressure
      in the fracture gap is of special importance. For determining the distribution of
      strain on the radius, it is necessary to examine the forces caused by the flexor-
      and extensor muscles of the wrist and fingers. Additional forces come also from
      flexor- and extensor muscles of the elbow. The frame formed by the bow-shaped
      radius and the ulna is of further importance for the distribution of strain. Kind
      and amount of tension is fundamentally influenced by forearm rotation. Anatomic
      studies on post-mortem specimens showed how the direction of muscle action to
      wrist and fingers changed in relation to the position of a plate fixed to the
      proximal shaft of the radius. This already demonstrates possible variations in
      the bending forces caused by forearm rotation. An analysis of the distribution of
      strain in the forearm bones was carried out on a biomechanical model using strain
      gauges. This method allows the simulation of strain to the skeleton caused by
      muscle force and the influence of load. The distribution of strain can be studied
      on the same model in various different positions of elbow and forearm. Six
      muscles and two muscle groups were simulated by means of wire pulls with
      calibrated strain gauges; these muscles and muscle groups act, on account of the
      physiological cross section and their position, as bending forces to the forearm
      bones in a dorsovolar plane. The tensile force on radius and ulna were each
      controlled by three strain gauges in four sections. The characteristic quantities
      of these sections were determined by evaluation of the appropriate
      computertomograms. With the aid of three strain gauges per section it was
      possible to assess the strain at any one desired point. Distribution of strain
      was determined by pull to each "muscle" in the extreme position of forearm
      rotation and three different positions of flexion to the elbow. The tensile force
      was expressed on graphs as muscle tension of 2 kp/cm2 per cross section (ill. 6
      to 12).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6579804
TI  - [7th International Donau Symposium on Diabetes Mellitus. 8-9 July 1983, Ulm
      Donau. Abstracts].

PMID- 6579805
TI  - [Significance of prostaglandin formation in the endometrium for cycle regulation
      in the female].
AB  - By taking 91 samples of tissue the contents of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in the cyclic
      endometrium was detected. Until the beginning of the menstruation a continuous
      rise of both substances could be observed. Especially during the latter half of
      the cycle the concentration of PGF2 alpha increased fundamentally causing a
      shifting within the relationship of both primary prostaglandins in favour of PGF2
      alpha at the end of the cycle. Whereas hormones stimulate the formation of
      prostaglandins in the endometrium metindol stops it.

PMID- 6579806
TI  - Antrectomy and gastroduodenostomy with or without vagotomy in peptic ulcer
      disease. A prospective study with a 5-year follow-up.
AB  - The results of a 5-year follow-up of 289 consecutive, peptic ulcer patients
      treated by antrectomy and gastroduodenostomy, with or without vagotomy, are
      presented. Patients with a preoperative gastric acid secretory capacity (PAO)
      below 40 mmol/h were treated by antrectomy alone, while subjects with a higher
      PAO had a vagotomy in addition. The antrectomy was defined by lithmus indication
      of the corpus-antrum border and by histologic verification, including gastrin
      cell counting. The over all incidence of gastroscopically verified recurrent
      ulceration was 8.5%. In patients with ulcer location in the bulb or the
      pyloric/prepyloric region (juxtapyloric ulcer) and treated by antrectomy alone,
      the recurrence rate was 18% (n = 102), and in gastric ulcer patients it was 4% (n
      = 47). Altogether 14 patients with recurrent ulcer were subsequently reoperated
      on by vagotomy showing no further recurrence. Antrectomy combined with vagotomy
      was primarily performed almost exclusively in patients with juxtapyloric
      ulceration, in whom the recurrence rate was 2% (n = 106). According to a
      postoperative insulin test, the patients with recurrence after antrectomy and
      vagotomy were incompletely vagotomized. In patients who remained free of symptoms
      or signs of recurrent disease, the median reduction in gastric acid secretory
      capacity was about 60% after antrectomy alone and 80% after antrectomy and
      vagotomy. In juxtapyloric ulcer patients with recurrence after antrectomy alone
      there was a small median reduction in PAO one month after operation (26%) and
      then an increase close to the preoperative level (6% reduction). In patients with
      a postoperative reduction in PAO of less than 35%, there was a high probability
      of recurrent ulcer, about 70%. In spite of selection of patients with a
      comparatively low preoperative PAO (less than 40 mmol/h) for antrectomy alone,
      the recurrence rate was 18% in patients with juxtapyloric ulcer location. In this
      selected group of patients the preoperative PAO was not higher in patients with
      ulcer recurrence than in patients who were asymptomatic after the operation.
      Selecting patients with juxtapyloric ulcer for antrectomy, with or without
      vagotomy, on the basis of gastric acid secretory capacity therefore seems
      unjustified. When vagotomy was added to antrectomy and gastroduodenostomy it
      seemed to increase the risk of developing serious (Visick 3u and 4)
      postgastrectomy syndromes; 12% after antrectomy and vagotomy versus 3% after
      antrectomy alone. Vagotomy appeared to be associated with an increased risk of
      bile reflux gastritis, gastric mycosis, and milk intolerance. Dumping and
      diarrhoea after vagotomy often coincided with milk intolerance. Antrectomy, with
      or without vagotomy, did not markedly impair recorded nutritional
      parameters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6579807
TI  - Prostaglandin D2 stimulates secretion of luteinizing hormone from pituitary gland
      in vitro.
AB  - The effect of prostaglandin D2 on the release of luteinizing hormone was studied
      in a superfusion system by superfusing human pituitary gland. Perfusion with 30
      micrograms of prostaglandin D2 induced a significant increase of luteinizing
      hormone secretion. This is the first evidence of a direct effect of prostaglandin
      D2 on the secretion of luteinizing hormone from the human pituitary gland. This
      finding suggests the possible role of prostaglandin D2 in human reproductive
      function.

PMID- 6579808
TI  - Effects of PGF2 alpha and indomethacin on ovulation and steroid production in the
      isolated perfused rabbit ovary.
AB  - Both ovaries of 31 rabbits were perfused with a chemically defined medium in
      vitro in a recirculation system. In one series of experiments, hCG (100 IU) was
      injected iv 5-6 h prior to anaesthesia and surgery. Approximately 1 h later the
      perfusion was started. One ovary was perfused as control while the other ovary
      was perfused with 5 micrograms/ml indomethacin or with indomethacin and 1
      micrograms/ml PGF2 alpha. In another series of experiments the rabbits received
      no pretreatment prior to operation. Instead, bovine LH was added to the perfusion
      medium of both control and experimental ovaries. The experimental side also
      received either indomethacin or indomethacin and PGF2 alpha. Finally, the effect
      of PGF2 alpha in the absence of LH was compared to the control ovary receiving
      only LH. After injection of hCG in vivo, ovulations occurred in 4 of 5 control
      ovaries. Indomethacin completely blocked ovulation in 4 of the 5 ovaries treated,
      while PGF2 alpha restored ovulations in all the experimental ovaries. In the
      group of experiments where LH was added in vitro, ovulations were induced in all
      ovaries treated with varying LH doses. Furthermore, indomethacin blocked
      ovulation in 5 out of 7 ovaries, and PGF2 alpha restored ovulation in all
      ovaries. Fifty per cent of the ovaries treated only with PGF2 alpha (in the
      absence of LH) also ovulated. The pattern of steroid release did not differ
      between control ovaries, indomethacin treated ovaries, and indomethacin + PGF2
      alpha treated ovaries. Ovaries treated in perfusion with PGF2 alpha alone had
      very low steroid levels compared to the ovaries treated with LH.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6579809
TI  - Short papers. 9th annual meeting of the Hellenic Endocrine Society Athens,
      December 5-6 1981.

PMID- 6579810
TI  - Relapse of acute myeloblastic leukemia after a 16-year-remission.

PMID- 6579811
TI  - Polycythemia vera terminating in myeloblastic transformation and myelofibrosis
      with tumor formation.

PMID- 6579812
TI  - Polycythemia vera with a loss of the Y chromosome, terminating in myeloblastic
      transformation associated with marked lymphadenopathy.

PMID- 6579813
TI  - A new technique for the analysis of leukemia marker chromosomes using sequential
      G and DMA/DAPI staining.

PMID- 6579814
TI  - Chronic myelocytic leukemia presenting a high incidence of colony formation
      during the blastic stage: serial cytogenetic studies of granulopoietic colonies.

PMID- 6579815
TI  - A case of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase- and Philadelphia chromosome
      positive acute leukemia with heterogenous blasts, which responded poorly to
      vincristine and prednisolone therapy.

PMID- 6579816
TI  - A case of erythroleukemia with a 45, X,-Y karyotype.

PMID- 6579817
TI  - Acute monocytic leukemia with tetraploid chromosome constitution involving 1p-
      and 11q- in duplicate.

PMID- 6579818
TI  - A comparative evaluation of disposable humidifiers.
AB  - The performance of four hygroscopic condenser humidifiers (HCH) and two
      conventional heat and moisture exchangers (HME), all commercially available, have
      been evaluated in laboratory tests. A clinical study was also made in order to
      confirm the test results. It was found that the new generation of heat and
      moisture exchangers, which have hygroscopic properties, are superior to
      conventional HME units. When dry inspired gases are used, the HCH units, but not
      the HME units, deliver a moisture level that is comparable to what is produced in
      the upper trachea during normal breathing the nose. Our clinical experience as
      well as the extensive body of literature on humidification requirements support
      the conclusion that in most cases they can be recommended to be used for extended
      time periods even with dry gases. The humidification efficiency decreases with
      increasing tidal volume for all units. However, the best units can be used up to
      tidal volumes of 1000-1500 ml. The dead space of these units varies from 90 ml to
      100 ml and the resistances are only about 50 Pa at 0.5 l/s. The weight is in the
      range 18-40 g. One of the best HCH devices also has distinct antimicrobial
      properties. The others are found at least not to promote organism growth. This
      feature added to others such as safety and simplicity in use make an HCH device
      an attractive alternative to conventional humidification techniques.

PMID- 6579819
TI  - Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies in Swedish children. II. Neuronal
      axonal types.
AB  - Clinical, neurophysiological and laboratory data are given for 32 children (30
      kinships) considered to represent hereditary motor and sensory neurophaties
      (HMSN) of neuronal-axonal types. In 25 families (27 cases) one of the parents was
      found to be affected. In one both parents were normal. The mode of inheritance in
      the 27 patients with familial neuronal-axonal HMSN was concluded to be autosomal
      dominant HMSN II (Lambert type). The disability was mild to moderate and, on an
      average, less pronounced than in de- and remyelinating types of HMSN. Seven out
      of 27 were early toe-walkers of the secondary type. Cavus feet were noted in 25,
      hand atrophies in eight and mild scoliosis in five. Sensory complaints were
      recorded in 21. The nerve conduction velocities (NCVm and NCVs) of children and
      parents were slightly subnormal in a few. EMG proved to be the most important
      parameter for identifying subclinically affected parents.

PMID- 6579820
TI  - Lipoprotein pattern in umbilical cord blood of neonates of smoking and non
      smoking mothers.

PMID- 6579821
TI  - Body composition of adolescent males. Part I. Total body water in normal
      adolescent males. Part II. Body composition of the male reference adolescent.
AB  - This study was undertaken to obtain total body water (TBW) data suitable for
      derivation of body composition of the typical adolescent male. TBW by the
      deuterium dilution method, stage of sexual development and anthropometric
      parameters (weight, height and triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness) were
      determined in 108 males between 10 and 14 years of age, whose weight and height
      fell between the 10th and the 90th percentile of the NCHS reference data.
      TBW/weight did not change significantly between 10 and 14 years, although a
      slight increase after age 11 years and from genital stage 2 to stage 5 was
      present. This indicates that body fat content decreases after 11 years and after
      genital stage 2, especially if the fact is taken into account that water content
      of fat-free body mass decreases during this age period. The ability of single
      anthropometric parameters to predict TBW/weight was low (subscapular skinfold
      thickness, r = -0.62; triceps skinfold thickness, r = -0.54; weight/height cube
      ratio, r = -0.48). Even with the use of various combinations of anthropometric
      parameters in multiple stepwise prediction equations it was not possible to
      explain more than 50% of the variation of TBW/weight and the high standard error
      of the estimate indicated large errors in prediction. Thus, body composition of
      normal adolescent males cannot be predicted with an acceptable degree of accuracy
      by anthropometric parameters. On the other hand, the deuterium dilution method
      using salivary water represents a noninvasive method for the determination of TBW
      which is quite simple and suitable for field studies.

PMID- 6579822
TI  - Demonstration and partial characterization of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
      lymphocyte-associated antigens by crossed immunoelectrophoresis of Triton X-100
      extracts.
AB  - Crossed immunoelectrophoresis was used to study the antigens of chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia lymphocytes. A reference pattern was obtained and 20 samples
      from 18 patients were compared with this pattern. Extensive variation in the
      expression of individual antigens was observed. The antigens in the reference
      pattern were further characterized by modifications of crossed
      immunoelectrophoresis, viz. labelling of intact lymphocytes by lactoperoxidase
      catalyzed iodination, affinity crossed immunoelectrophoresis with phenyl
      Sepharose and Lentil lectin-Sepharose, charge-shift crossed immunoelectrophoresis
      and postelectrophoretic incubation in (125I) Lentil lectin. Six antigens were
      identified as surface membrane glycoproteins, 5 as cytoplasmic proteins while 5
      could not be classified. Two antigens were finally identified as HLA-ABC and HLA
      DR by application of small amounts of monospecific rabbit antiserum and
      monoclonal antibody, respectively.

PMID- 6579823
TI  - Psychological distress in parents of children with acute lymphatic leukemia.
AB  - Psychological distress in parents of children with acute lymphatic leukemia was
      evaluated by means of the Symptom Distress Checklist. This scale was administered
      twice: within a few days after the child's admission to hospital and 8 months
      later. Twenty-five consecutive, unselected subjects were compared with controls
      matched for age, sex, marital status and social class. At the first evaluation
      the sample presented higher mean scores than the controls for anxiety (P less
      than 0.005), depression (P less than 0.005), sleep disturbances (P less than
      0.005) and obsessions (P less than 0.05). An 8 months' follow-up confirmed the
      persistence of anxiety (P less than 0.05), sleep disturbances (P less than 0.05)
      and above all depression (P less than 0.005).

PMID- 6579824
TI  - Increased cardiac output and lowered peripheral resistance during metoprolol
      treatment.
AB  - Echocardiography was performed at every six months in hypertensives well
      controlled on metoprolol, 100 mg twice a day. After six months' treatment blood
      pressure was reduced from 177/110 mm Hg to 147/88 (p less than 0.02). LV wall
      thickness (septum + posterior wall) was unchanged 2.10 cm (2.14), and a
      significant drop in cardiac output (CO) to 5.0 l/min (6.1, p less than 0.02) was
      recorded (pretreatment values in brackets). After 24 months' treatment LV wall
      thickness was reduced to 1.94 cm (p less than 0.02), total peripheral resistance
      (TPR) to 17.3 mm Hg/l/min (23.4, p less than 0.02) and CO increased to 6.7 l/min
      (6.1, n.s.). After six months' treatment, there was thus a drop in BP with a
      significant drop in CO and unchanged TPR. After 24 months' treatment, however, CO
      was back to the pretreatment level and the drop in BP was entirely caused by a
      drop in TPR which was probably secondary to a reduction in the wall thickness of
      the arterial resistance vessels as judged by the relationship between the
      reduction in wall thickness in the LV and the reduction in TPR during the
      treatment.

PMID- 6579825
TI  - Neurotrophic effects on the vascular bed.
AB  - After defining truly "neurotrophic" influences, and giving examples from the many
      studies of such influences on the somatomotor system, current research concerning
      sympathetic neurotrophic effects on the vascular bed is discussed. Tissue-culture
      studies have made it clear that, particularly in early growth phases, local
      trophic influences are quite important and interdependent between adrenergic
      neurons and vascular smooth muscle cells. Most experiments aimed at illustrating
      neurotrophic effects on vascular beds in vivo, however, seem to suggest the
      dominance of long-term adaptation processes inherent in the effector cells
      themselves which, particularly on sustained extrinsic activation however
      achieved, become increasingly mobilised. This is not to dispute the fact that
      truly neurotrophic influences seem to be superimposed, facilitating and
      modulating these essentially intrinsic mechanisms for long-term effector cell
      adaptation, but their relative importance is difficult to judge.

PMID- 6579826
TI  - Methodological aspects of microelectrode measurements in cellular spheroids.
AB  - Different types of oxygen microelectrodes have been tested in measurements on
      cellular spheroids. The shape of the oxygen gradients varied strongly depending
      on size and type of the spheroids. No significant differences in the results were
      obtained when different types of electrodes were applied. All measurements were
      made in a perfusion chamber. The shape of the gradients did not vary with time in
      the perfusion chamber. The reproducibility was found good in repeated
      measurements using the same spheroid. No mechanical or chemical disturbances were
      seen during the penetration of the spheroids. Changes in the medium flow rate
      through the chamber did not drastically change the shape of the oxygen gradients.
      Almost no convection could be seen at the bottom of the chamber close to the
      spheroids. The composition of the medium was found to be of importance. Lock's
      solution containing glucose was found to be satisfactory. The potential signals
      in the double barrel electrodes allowed an accurate determination of the position
      when the electrode hit the spheroid surface. The information gained from
      microelectrode measurements in spheroids might be valuable for the understanding
      of effects of new tumor treatment modalities in which hypoxic cell sensitizers or
      high LET radiation are utilized.

PMID- 6579827
TI  - [Relationship between the ocular effect of timolol and ocular prostaglandins].

PMID- 6579828
TI  - [Effect of aminefluoride on diuresis and quantity of excreted fluoride in rats].

PMID- 6579829
TI  - [Enterococci in the root canals of teeth with periapical diseases].

PMID- 6579830
TI  - [Palatal invaginations in permanent teeth].

PMID- 6579831
TI  - [New approach to the handling and treatment of exarticulated teeth].

PMID- 6579832
TI  - [Analysis of the results of Mise's surgical technic for alveolar mucosal
      hyperplasia].

PMID- 6579833
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of resorption of persistent deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6579834
TI  - Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cells obtained from children with
      acute lymphocytic leukemia: advantages of combining cytomorphology and terminal
      deoxynucleotidyl transferase.
AB  - Sixty cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained from 28 children with
      terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) positive acute lymphocytic leukemia
      (ALL). Cell morphology was evaluated using Wright's stained cytocentrifugation
      prepared slides. The presence of nuclear TdT was detected by an immunofluorescent
      (IF) assay. Evaluation of CSF mononuclear cells using these two methods
      simultaneously allowed us to differentiate between leukemic and nonleukemic
      pleocytosis. Agreement between cytomorphology and TdT in identifying CNS
      lymphoblasts was found in 55 of 60 samples. Seventy-two per cent of the TdT
      positive samples were obtained from children with CSF cell counts less than 10
      WBC/mm3. We recommend that these two methods be used in conjunction when
      evaluating CSF mononuclear cells from children with TdT positive ALL.

PMID- 6579835
TI  - Gold-induced diarrhea and the role of prostaglandins.

PMID- 6579836
TI  - Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with a chromosome abnormality (46,XY,20q-) in all
      dividing myeloid cells: evidence for clonal origin in a multipotent stem cell
      common to granulocyte, monocyte, erythrocyte, and thrombocyte.
AB  - In a typical case of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), a chromosome
      abnormality, 46,XY,20q-, was observed in all the dividing cells including up to
      16-ploid cells in the bone marrow and the blood. As the mitotic figures could be
      easily seen not only in myelomonocytoid cells but also in erythroblasts in the
      bone marrow smear, it was concluded that all the cell lineages except lymphocytes
      had the abnormality. The present case will support the view that the leukemic
      process in CMML affects a multipotent stem cell rather than a granulocyte
      monocyte committed stem cell.

PMID- 6579837
TI  - Acquired partial deletions of the long arm of chromosome 5 in hematologic
      disorders.
AB  - We have analyzed the data on 105 patients reported with a deletion of part of the
      long arm of chromosome 5 in the presence of hematologic disease. The major
      conditions associated with this abnormality are refractory anemia, polycythemia
      vera, and acute myelogenous leukemia, as well as the occasional occurrence of
      several other problems.

PMID- 6579838
TI  - Intravaginal versus intracervical application of prostaglandin E2 in viscous gel
      for cervical priming and induction of labor at term in patients with an
      unfavorable cervical state.
AB  - Sixty term pregnant women with unripe cervix were randomly given either 0.5 mg of
      prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in 2 ml of gel intracervically or 4 mg of PGE2 in 3 ml of
      gel intravaginally to prime the cervix and/or to induce labor. In patients with a
      highly unfavorable cervix (cervical score less than or equal to 3), the
      intracervical application was significantly more effective than the intravaginal.
      In patients with a more favorable cervical state (cervical score 4 or 5), the two
      routes of application were equipotent. Gastrointestinal side effects were
      registered after intravaginal but not after intracervical application. Myometrial
      activity was significantly more increased after intravaginal than after
      intracervical gel application. All children were born in good condition with an
      Apgar score greater than 7 within 5 minutes.

PMID- 6579839
TI  - Orthopedic coordination of dentofacial development in skeletal Class II
      malocclusion in conjunction with edgewise therapy. Part I.
AB  - The skeletal Class II malocclusion may be considered to develop as a failure of
      the coordinating process to maintain harmonious relationships within the
      developing dentofacial apparatus. If the skeletal elements are too far apart for
      adaptation to occur and/or if there are functional abnormalities of the orofacial
      musculature which inhibit coordination from taking place, a malocclusion will
      result. An orthopedic technique and appliance system has been developed with the
      intention of improving those factors responsible for the development and
      perpetuation of the skeletal Class II malocclusion in a primary stage of
      treatment. This is accomplished by means of restraint and redirection of forward
      maxillary growth and an increase in the velocity of mandibular growth.
      Concurrently, adverse soft-tissue influences are eliminated or ameliorated.
      Edgewise appliance therapy is subsequently carried out for the final correction.
      The subject is considered in two articles. This first article describes the
      effects of the restraint of maxillary growth on craniofacial development and the
      dental changes produced by a maxillary removable splint with extraoral traction
      and shows how they can be used clinically for correction of the skeletal Class II
      malocclusion. The experimental and clinical evidence supporting this approach is
      considered, and case histories show the clinical use of the maxillary splint.
      This form of maxillary therapy for the skeletal Class II malocclusion has
      limitations, and it is desirable for it to be incorporated into a comprehensive
      orthopedic system.

PMID- 6579840
TI  - Quantitative analysis of the orthodontic and orthopedic effects of maxillary
      traction.
AB  - This article analyzes differences in displacement of ANS and of the upper first
      molar when different vectors of force are delivered to the maxilla in non-full
      banded Phase I mixed-dentition treatment of Class II malocclusion. The sample is
      identical to that for which we have previously reported differences in change in
      several key measures of mandibular and facial shape. It includes a cervical
      traction group, a high-pull-to-upper-molar group, a modified-activator group, and
      an untreated Class II control group. Using newly developed computer-conducted
      procedures, which are described, we have been able to partition the orthodontic
      and orthopedic components of upper molar displacement and also to isolate
      treatment effects from those attributable to spontaneous growth and development.
      In the region of ANS, small but statistically significant and clinically
      meaningful differences were noted between treatments. When the intercurrent
      effects of growth and development had been factored out (Table III), orthopedic
      distal displacement of ANS was significantly greater in the high-pull and
      cervical groups than in the activator group. Orthopedic downward displacement of
      ANS was seen to be significantly greater in the cervical group than in the high
      pull and activator groups. In the region of the first molar cusp, mean distal
      displacement of the tooth as an orthopedic effect was found to be almost
      identical in the cervical and high-pull groups (although variability was greater
      in the cervical group), but the mean orthodontic effect was significantly greater
      in the high-pull group than in the cervical group. In the cervical group, where
      relatively light forces were used for relatively long treatment periods on
      average, more of the total distal displacement of the upper molar was of an
      orthopedic character than of an orthodontic character. Conversely, in the high
      pull group, in which relatively heavier forces tended to be used for briefer
      treatment periods, most of the distal displacement at the upper molar was of an
      orthodontic character. These observations are contrary to expectations from
      conventional orthodontic theory. In the activator-treated group, roughly equal
      components of the treatment-associated distal displacement of the upper molar
      were of the orthodontic and orthopedic types. As concerns changes in the vertical
      direction in the region of the molar cusp, significant intrusion of both the
      orthopedic and orthodontic types was seen in the high-pull sample as compared to
      each of the other groups examined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6579841
TI  - Principles of orthodontic mechanics in orthognathic surgery cases.
AB  - In orthognathic surgery cases the treatment objectives, extraction patterns, and
      types of mechanics used are frequently the reverse of those used in conventional
      orthodontics. Thus, starting cases orthodontically and then, if unsuccessful,
      referring them for surgery often produces compromised results. Presurgical intra
      arch objectives include positioning of the incisors in "ideal" positions,
      establishment of correct torque, and elimination of tooth-size discrepancies so
      as to permit the establishment of Class I canine and molar relationships after
      surgery. Presurgical objectives in the sagittal plane focus on removal of dental
      compensations. This may require the use of Class III elastics in Class II cases
      (and vice versa), thus allowing for maximal surgical correction of the underlying
      skeletal deformity. In the transverse plane, differentiation of skeletal from
      dental problems as well as identification of relative and absolute discrepancies
      should be carried out presurgically. Lateral corticotomies or segmental maxillary
      procedures should be used, depending on individual circumstances. Presurgical
      objectives in the vertical plane include maximizing the amount of presurgical
      orthodontic treatment carried out in open bites and minimizing the presurgical
      mechanics in deep bites. Encouragement of opening mandibular rotation at surgery
      while avoiding an increase in posterior face height contributes to stability.
      Orthodontic mechanics should not always include presurgical leveling of the curve
      of Spee and should actively avoid movements that may cause relapse tendencies.
      Careful attention to the use of surgical arch wires and splints during surgery
      and fixation, along with controlled elastic therapy and exercise programs after
      fixation, can greatly facilitate treatment.

PMID- 6579842
TI  - The surgical-orthodontic correction of mandibular deficiency. Part I.
AB  - Persons with mandibular deficiency and Class II malocclusions have a spectrum of
      esthetic, skeletal, and occlusal characteristics. In many of these patients
      optimal overall results are best obtained via a combined orthodontic-surgical
      approach. In such cases a critical patient evaluation is essential to decide (1)
      the optimal operation and (2) the appropriate orthodontic-surgical sequencing. In
      Part I of this article our method of making these two basic decisions is
      presented, the decisions being predicated upon achieving optimal esthetic,
      functional, and stable results. In addition, two of the possible orthodontic
      surgical approaches--the augmentation genioplasty and the anterior maxillary
      ostectomy are discussed in detail. These approaches are illustrated with
      representative cases. In Part II of the article additional options for combined
      orthodontic surgical-management of this patient population will be discussed.

PMID- 6579843
TI  - Nasal respiratory resistance and head posture: effect of intranasal
      corticosteroid (Budesonide) in children with asthma and perennial rhinitis.
AB  - The influence of mouth breathing on craniofacial development has previously been
      demonstrated. Recent investigations do indicate, however, that head posture also
      might be related to craniofacial morphology. The aim of the present study was to
      analyze the effect of a topical steroid spray (Budesonide) on nasal respiratory
      resistance and head posture in children with asthma and nasal obstruction. Thirty
      seven children, 8 to 15 years of age, with bronchial asthma, perennial allergic
      rhinitis, and subjectively assessed mouth breathing were selected for the study.
      Rhinomanometric and cephalometric analyses were performed. Head posture was
      defined as the position of the head relative to the cervical column and to the
      true vertical. After the first examination the children were randomly allocated
      to two groups, of which one group was treated intranasally with Budesonide (N =
      18) and the other with placebo (N = 19), for a double-blind study. After one
      month of treatment, there was a statistically significant decrease in nasal
      resistance (p less than 0.001) and an increased flexing of the head (p less than
      0.01) (paired t tests) in the children under active treatment. No significant
      changes were seen in the placebo group. The results indicate that Budesonide
      nasal spray is capable of reducing nasal obstruction in allergic children and
      that a reduced nasal resistance leads to a decrease in craniocervical angulation.
      The clinical importance of these results is yet to be clarified.

PMID- 6579844
TI  - The dowel-up bite registration for functional appliances requiring a protrusive
      and open jaw position: a clinical report.
AB  - The dowel-up technique is an alternative to conventional jaw manipulation in
      obtaining the desired protrusive and open position of the mandible required for
      functional appliances. The patient raises or lowers the tip of a dowel. This
      requires protrusive jaw movement. The thickness of the dowel will determine the
      vertical position of the mandible.

PMID- 6579845
TI  - Retention and the state of the art in orthodontics.

PMID- 6579846
TI  - On caring.

PMID- 6579847
TI  - beta-Adrenergic blockade of prostaglandin E2- and D2-induced erythroid colony
      formation.
AB  - beta-Adrenergic receptors have been linked to the actions of beta-adrenergic
      agonists as well as that of other hormones on erythroid cells. In the present
      studies, arachidonic acid, the precursor for the endoperoxide intermediates for
      prostaglandins, was demonstrated to produce a significant increase in erythroid
      colony (CFU-E) formation in normal mouse bone marrow cultures. Meclofenamate, a
      cyclooxygenase inhibitor drug that inhibits prostaglandins synthesis,
      significantly inhibited the increase in CFU-E colony-forming cells produced by
      arachidonic acid, thus establishing that arachidonic acid was probably converted
      to some prostaglandin or prostaglandin metabolite in the bone marrow to trigger
      CFU-E. Prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and D2 (PGD2), both of which have been
      demonstrated to be produced in the bone marrow, were found in the present studies
      to increase the number of CFU-E colonies in normal mouse bone marrow cultures. DL
      Propranolol, a beta 1, beta 2-adrenergic blocking agent, and D-propranolol, a non
      beta-blocking isomer with nonspecific membrane stabilizing effects, both produced
      a significant (P less than 0.01) inhibition of the effects of PGE2 or PGD2 on CFU
      E in murine bone marrow cultures. Butoxamine, a somewhat selective beta 2
      adrenergic antagonist drug, also produced a significant inhibition of the effects
      of PGE2 on CFU-E in murine marrow cultures. These results indicate that the
      effects of beta-adrenergic blocking agents on prostaglandin-stimulated CFU-E are
      due to their membrane-stabilizing action rather than specific beta-adrenergic
      blockade.

PMID- 6579848
TI  - [Collagen and its metabolism in the dental pulp].

PMID- 6579849
TI  - Reversal of setting expansion of gypsum-bonded investments. Part III: Effects of
      water/powder ratio.

PMID- 6579850
TI  - [Pellucidity of occlusal contact checking materials].

PMID- 6579851
TI  - [Evaluation of the ground surface texture of porcelain posterior teeth].

PMID- 6579852
TI  - [Discrimination of anterior tooth form].

PMID- 6579853
TI  - [Histological and X-ray microanalytical study of subperiosteal implant. The
      comparison of surrounding tissue of the aluminum oxide coated and uncoated metal
      subperiosteal implant].

PMID- 6579854
TI  - [Comparison between thermal expansions of porcelain and alloy (1)].

PMID- 6579855
TI  - [Experimental study on electrolytic polishing of cast dentures--chromium-nickel
      frameworks].

PMID- 6579856
TI  - [A morphological study on dental caries initiation and developmental process in
      the primary molars. 1. Observation on extracted primary molars].

PMID- 6579857
TI  - [A morphological study on dental caries initiation and its developmental process
      in primary molars. II. Observation on serial non-decalcified ground specimens].

PMID- 6579858
TI  - [Effects of hydrocortisone on the mandibular condylar and tibial epiphyseal
      cartilages of the rat].

PMID- 6579859
TI  - Prostaglandin F2 alpha concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with
      febrile convulsions, epilepsy and meningitis.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid prostaglandin F2 alpha (CSF PGF2 alpha) levels were measured
      by radioimmunoassay in children as follows: Febrile convulsions (31 cases),
      epilepsies (32 cases), meningitides (31 cases) and non-neurological diseases (20
      cases), totaling 114 cases. A 4.5-fold increase in CSF PGF2 alpha levels was seen
      in simple febrile convulsion, and a 2.5-fold increase in those with complex
      febrile convulsion as compared to those with non-neurological diseases. On the
      other hand, no increase in CSF PGF2 alpha levels was seen in children with
      epilepsy. When the body temperature was normal, the mean CSF PGF2 alpha levels
      showed no relation with age. When the body temperature was between 37.5 degrees C
      and 40 degrees C, the CSF PGF2 alpha levels in infants were higher than those in
      older children. The CSF PGF2 alpha levels in children with meningitis were high.
      The mean CSF PGF2 alpha levels in bacterial meningitis were not statistically (p
      greater than 0.05) different from those in viral meningitis. The CSF PGF2 alpha
      levels in meningitis were high on admission and gradually decreased with therapy.
      The results of our studies indicate that PGF2 alpha of the central nervous system
      markedly increased in infants and children with febrile convulsions or meningitis
      but not in those with epilepsy.

PMID- 6579860
TI  - [A new modular system for respiratory therapy].
AB  - Diversification of respiratory therapy into humidification and secretolysis,
      oxygen therapy, augmentation of FRC, substitution of the work of breathing and
      changing inspiratory gas distribution is the basis of a modular device system.
      The basic unit of the modular system consists of an oxygen-air-mixer, a flow
      module and an emergency O2-supply for resuscitation bags. The system is
      preferably attached to the wall rail system and the modules locked into each
      other. The main advantages are: Reduction in the number of devices around the
      patient's bed, comprehensive setup; reduction of required storage capacity; cost
      reduction; easy integration at low cost of new therapeutical procedures; quick
      and easy change of therapy whilst maintaining basic parameters constant.

PMID- 6579861
TI  - The MIE Carden ventilator. A description and laboratory assessment.
AB  - The Carden ventilator is described and assessed when used in adult and paediatric
      modes against test lungs with varying compliance and airways resistance. The
      ventilator proved to have limited ability to compensate for changes in test lung
      compliance and resistance. Repeated confirmation of tidal volume is mandatory,
      but the Carden combines simplicity with flexibility of design and may prove
      useful as a theatre ventilator.

PMID- 6579863
TI  - Ventilator malfunction.

PMID- 6579862
TI  - Routine servicing of the Cape-Waine ventilator.

PMID- 6579864
TI  - [Experimental studies with a new Giessen model high frequency jet ventilator].
AB  - In some critically ill patients respiratory can be maintained by high frequency
      jet ventilation. Gas exchange and transport by this method cannot be explained
      exactly up to date. Therefore it is impossible to compare this method with
      classical IPPV. Statistics and nomograms must be prepared for common clinical
      use.

PMID- 6579865
TI  - A bioluminescent assay for 12-alpha-hydroxy bile acids using immobilized enzymes.
AB  - A bioluminescent assay for 12-alpha-hydroxy bile acids was developed using
      enzymes coimmobilized onto Sepharose 4B. The immobilized enzymes used were a
      bacterial 12-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, bacterial luciferase, and
      NADPH:FMN oxidoreductase or bacterial diaphorase. The assay was specific for 12
      alpha-hydroxy bile acids and the lower limit of detection was 4 pmol/0.5 ml assay
      volume with a linear range of 4 to 2000 pmol. Intraassay precision was from 7.8
      to 8.2%. Values obtained with this assay showed good agreement with those
      obtained by gas-liquid chromatography. The system using diaphorase was not stable
      at 4 degrees C in the absence of added thiol compounds, but could be stabilized
      by the addition of glutathione (0.5 mM). The assay is a convenient, a rapid, and
      an extremely sensitive method for the measurement of 12-alpha-hydroxy bile acid
      concentrations in the serum of patients or experimental animals.

PMID- 6579866
TI  - Alkaline butanol extraction of bile salt and steroid sulfate esters: application
      to the assay of sulfotransferases.
AB  - A butan-1-ol solvent-extraction procedure has been evaluated for the assay of 3'
      phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate:sulfotransferase activity with various bile
      salt and steroid substrates. Although butanol extracted the sulfate esters of
      steroids and bile salts from aqueous solution at neutral pH, extraction at basic
      pH gave optimum recovery which was independent of protein in the sample. Greater
      than 99.9% of unreacted 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phospho[35S]sulfate remained in
      the aqueous phase. The data for sulfotransferase activities obtained with this
      solvent-extraction assay were not significantly different from those obtained
      with a standard thin-layer chromatography method. Solvent extraction has enabled
      multiple, rapid assays of several steroid and bile salt sulfotransferases during
      chromatographic purification of these enzymes from tissue fractions.

PMID- 6579867
TI  - Enzymhistochemical and morphometrical studies on delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase during the fetal and neonatal development of rat Leydig cells.
AB  - The aim of the present report was to study the course of development of rat
      Leydig cells from 17 fetal day (f.d.) up to 5 postnatal day (p.n.d.), with the
      help of enzymhistochemical reaction of delta 5-3 beta Hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSDH). Testes were obtained from 17 to 21 days old embryos
      and from 1 to 5 days old offsprings. Cryostat sections were cut and processed for
      enzymhistochemical reaction of 3 beta-HSDH, employing dehydroepiandrosterone as
      substrate. The areas of the Leydig cells, showing the enzymatic activity, were
      measured morphometrically. The 3 beta-HSDH positive intertubular Leydig cells
      appear on 17 f.d., and grow further showing a maximum peak, relative to the size
      of the testis, on 19 f.d. Thereafter, the percentage of the Leydig cells relative
      to the size of the testis decreases continuously up to 4 p.n.d.. The Leydig cells
      did not regress during the period of observation. Postnatally, the large
      complexes disperse into many small complexes.

PMID- 6579868
TI  - Wasted ventilation measured in vitro with eight anesthetic circuits with and
      without inline humidification.
AB  - Compression of gases (Boyle's law) and circuit compliance are major determinants
      of anesthesia circuit function. The materials of which circuits are constructed
      and the use of heated humidifiers may result in clinically important variations
      in delivered minute ventilation (VE) secondary to variations in compression
      volume. We examined eight anesthetic circuits both with and without a heated
      humidifier in an in vitro setting. Compression volume was determined with a large
      calibrated syringe. Circuit efficiency was determined by measuring VE at multiple
      peak inflation pressures (PIP) while using a pediatric ventilator with fixed VE,
      respiratory rate, fresh gas flow, and I/E ratio. As expected, both compression
      volume and delivered VE highly correlated with the type of circuit and the
      pressure at which it was examined (P less than 0.001). Mapleson D circuits had
      the lowest compression volume and were the most efficient circuits (P less than
      0.0001). Pediatric circle systems were intermediate and adult circle systems had
      the largest compression volume and were the least efficient. Humidifiers
      uniformly increased compression volume. The following conclusions were drawn: 1)
      the anesthetic circuit, its material, and the pressure at which it operates are
      important determinants of circuit function; 2) humidifiers increase compression
      volume; 3) Mapleson D circuits had the lowest compression volume and therefore
      were the most efficient; 4) highly compliant adult circuits may result in
      compression volume losses that exceed the tidal volume of a pediatric ventilator;
      5) humidifiers with low volume and rigid tubing should have the least effect on
      minute ventilation; and 6) highly compliant adult circuits when used in the care
      of infants and small children must be used with caution.

PMID- 6579869
TI  - The dilemma of Class III treatment. Early or late?
AB  - A clinical study of the results of various types of early Class III treatment in
      14 patients, with emphasis on the reverse-pull face crib. The conclusion is that
      the important benefits of early treatment should not be denied because of
      concerns that a few may still require further treatment later.

PMID- 6579870
TI  - Morphologic factors in open bite and deep bite.

PMID- 6579871
TI  - Edgewise therapy with cervical and intermaxillary traction--influence on the
      position of the bony chin.
AB  - Comparison of treatment and control samples was intended to reveal those factors
      which, during Class II correction using Tweed Edgewise technique in conjunction
      with intermaxillary traction and low cervical traction to upper molars, may lead
      to undesirable posterior rotation of the mandible. Both samples exhibited similar
      condyle growth rates. Increased variability of the parameters tested was found
      within the treatment group. No significant difference was found in the vertical
      movement of the upper molars, while anterior movement of the upper molars was
      significantly inhibited in the treatment sample. The treatment sample displayed
      increased vertical and decreased anterior movement of pogonion, accompanied by
      posterior rotation of the mandible. Close and similar correlations were found in
      both samples between the anterior movements of the upper molars and pogonion,
      between the angles of upper molar and pogonion displacement in relation to
      Frankfort Horizontal, and between both of the upper molar parameters and changes
      of mandibular rotation. In the treated sample it was inhibition of anterior
      movement of the upper first molars, not enhancement of vertical movement that
      appeared to cause posteroinferior rotation of the mandible and displacement of
      pogonion through a geometric interdependence. The direction of upper molar
      movement and condyle growth rate both exert important influences on changes in
      position of the growing mandible and thus on the nature of profile changes in
      Class II correction.

PMID- 6579872
TI  - Oriented lateral temporomandibular joint laminagraphs. Symptomatic and
      nonsymptomatic joints compared.
AB  - Lateral temporomandibular joint laminagraphs are aligned with the condyle axis on
      the basis of a submental-vertex radiograph. Condyle positions in nonsymptomatic
      and symptomatic joints are compared, revealing a wide range in patients with
      temporomandibular joint and myofascial pain dysfunction syndromes, with
      significant differences from non-symptomatic patients.

PMID- 6579873
TI  - Frontal tomography of articulating temporomandibular joint surfaces.
AB  - A variety of radiographic techniques to overcome the limitations imposed by the
      complex and dense bony anatomy of the TMJ area have been developed and reported
      over the years. Body section tomography can produce images of the internal hard
      tissues of the joint with much less interference from superimposing structures.
      Multiple lateral tomographs of the joint can provide useful diagnostic
      radiographic coverage, but the many exposures require relatively large
      accumulated radiation exposure. Frontal TMJ tomography offers one alternative,
      visualizing the entire anterosuperior surface of the condyle from medial to
      lateral pole on one film. Existing frontal tomographic methods provide a view of
      the superior surface, but not of the important anterior articulating surfaces.
      This project has developed and tested a technique for angulating frontal
      tomographs of the temporomandibular joint on two axes to visualize the
      articulating anterosuperior surface of the condyle and posterior slope of the
      articular eminence.

PMID- 6579874
TI  - Long-term stability of dental relationships after orthodontic treatment.
AB  - Adult changes in selected occlusal parameters are measured, with the study sample
      limited to 72 subjects with a history of malocclusion treated orthodontically 12
      to 35 years previously. Variations were large. Most of the corrections were
      retained, with mean changes tending toward pretreatment values.

PMID- 6579875
TI  - Lower cranial height vs craniofacial dimensions in Angle Class II malocclusion.
AB  - From the serial sample of the Burlington Growth Centre, 68 children with Angle
      Class II malocclusion were contrasted with 148 children with Class I occlusion.
      Body height, cranial height, cranial base flexure and jaw position relative to
      the cranium were compared at ages 8, 12 and 16 years. In the Class II groups, the
      cranial base angle was significantly (P less than .05) larger, upper cranial
      height was slightly larger, lower cranial height was slightly smaller, the
      maxilla was slightly more posterior to Sella, and the mandible was significantly
      more posterior. Between ages 8 and 16 years, lower cranial height increased and
      cranial base angle decreased, with a strong negative correlation. Lower cranial
      height and the anterior position of the maxilla and mandible from Sella
      correlated significantly (P less than .01) with body height in Class I children,
      but in Class II only in boys 8 and 12 years of age. This lower correlation in
      Class II children was accounted for by those with a moderate to tall stature but
      disproportionately small lower cranial height. In Class II children the jaws,
      especially the mandible, had a more posterior position under the cranium, and
      there was a more open flexure of the cranial base and shorter lower cranial
      height. Correlation of stature with lower cranial height and with the anterior
      position of the jaws relative to the cranium was much lower in Class II children,
      especially in girls.

PMID- 6579876
TI  - Renal hypoprostaglandism, hypertension, and type IV renal tubular acidosis
      reversed by furosemide.
AB  - A 13-year-old white girl with severe hypertension and type IV renal tubular
      acidosis had decreased renal chloride clearance and exaggerated sodium chloride
      reabsorption by the ascending limb of Henle during hypotonic saline diuresis.
      Urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion was markedly diminished and often undetectable
      (0 to 37 ng/24 h). Treatment with oral furosemide completely reversed the
      hypertension and hyperkalemic acidosis, and effected a 20-fold rise in urinary
      prostaglandin E2. Sodium chloride reabsorption by the thick ascending limb of
      Henle decreased from 93.5% to 79.3%. Renal hypoprostaglandism may have a
      pathogenic role in this syndrome by enhancing chloride reabsorption in the
      ascending limb of Henle leading to extracellular fluid volume expansion,
      hypertension, and suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis. The
      therapeutic effects of furosemide may be partially mediated by enhancing the
      biosynthesis of renal prostaglandins or inhibiting their breakdown.

PMID- 6579877
TI  - Acquired factor XIII deficiency with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6579878
TI  - Recombinant DNA methods for prenatal diagnosis.

PMID- 6579879
TI  - The behaviour of Azospirillum spp. in the presence of plant growth hormones.
AB  - Tests were carried out to determine the effects of commercial preparations of
      indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA) and kinetin, separately and in
      combination, on Azospirillum lipoferum and A. brasilense. These hormones showed
      no effect upon morphology, growth rate, or oxygen uptake. Some random effects of
      GA, kinetin and the combination of hormones--but not of IAA alone--were observed
      on the number of viable cells. IAA, in the concentrations 0.001-1.0 microgram/ml,
      inhibited nitrogenase in A. lipoferum but not in A. brasilense. GA and kinetin
      separately and in combination with IAA had no influence on nitrogenase activity.

PMID- 6579880
TI  - Malignant bone tumors and their metastases.

PMID- 6579881
TI  - Intraperitoneal penetration of cefotetan.
AB  - The intraperitoneal penetration of cefotetan was studied after a 1-g intravenous
      injection in 25 patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery. Levels of
      peritoneal fluid were high within 10 min after administration and increased to
      44% of the serum levels after 30 min, rising to 115% at 3 h. The mean
      concentration of cefotetan between 3 and 5 h after administration was 32.3
      micrograms/ml. These findings suggest that 1 g of cefotetan administered before
      abdominal surgery would result in intraperitoneal cefotetan levels necessary to
      inhibit susceptible pathogens for 5 h or more.

PMID- 6579882
TI  - Identification of calcium-independent myosin kinase with casein kinase II.
AB  - A crude myosin fraction from bovine brain has been found to contain a Ca2+
      independent myosin kinase that catalyzes the phosphorylation of 20,000-Da light
      chain of gizzard myosin. The myosin kinase has been separated from the myosin by
      Sepharose CL-4B gel filtration and purified further by chromatography on
      phosphocellulose, Sephacryl S-300, and hydroxylapatite. The myosin kinase was
      found to copurify with casein kinase II and show the same substrate specificity
      with the casein kinase. These results indicate that the myosin kinase is
      identical to casein kinase II. The purified myosin kinase catalyzed the
      preferential phosphorylation of the threonyl residues of 20,000-Da light chains
      of gizzard and brain myosins. The 17,000-Da light chains of these myosins and the
      mixed light chains of skeletal and cardiac muscle myosins were not phosphorylated
      by the enzyme to an appreciable extent.

PMID- 6579883
TI  - [Small dose of ARA-C in the treatment of an elderly patient with acute
      myeloblastic leukemia].
AB  - A 79 year old man with a history of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction
      was admitted to our hospital in August, 1982. The hematological examination
      showed anemia and leukopenia (myeloblast 12%), and bone marrow aspiration
      confirmed the diagnosis of acute myeloblastic leukemia (FAB, M2). Because his
      general condition was poor, he was treated with small dose of Ara-C (10 mg/m2/12
      hr, subcutaneous injections), obtaining complete remission. In cases of acute
      myeloblastic leukemia in elderly patients where other intensive treatments are
      contraindicated, it appears to be useful to employ a method of small dose of Ara
      C therapy.

PMID- 6579884
TI  - Height and lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6579885
TI  - [Neurosurgical methods in the treatment of cancer pain].

PMID- 6579886
TI  - Management of pulmonary metastases from osteogenic sarcoma.

PMID- 6579887
TI  - Survival following aggressive resection of pulmonary metastases from osteogenic
      sarcoma: analysis of prognostic factors.
AB  - Between 1975 and 1982, 80 patients with osteogenic sarcoma were entered into
      prospective trials in the Surgery Branch of the National Cancer Institute. In 43
      of these patients, pulmonary metastases developed as the initial site of
      recurrence, and 39 underwent one or more thoracotomies for resection of the
      disease. The actuarial five-year survival for the group of 43 patients with
      pulmonary metastases was 40%. Various prognostic factors were analyzed for their
      influence on survival after thoracotomy. Age, sex, location of primary tumor,
      tumor doubling time, and involvement of one or both lungs (bilaterality) were not
      significant in predicting survival. Prognostic factors that influenced survival,
      calculated by regression analysis, included the number of nodules on preoperative
      lung tomograms (negative correlation, p = 0.0004), disease-free interval
      (positive correlation, p = 0.0136), resectability (positive correlation, p =
      0.002), and the number of metastases resected at thoracotomy (negative
      correlation, p = 0.0032). The presence of 3 nodules or less on preoperative full
      lung linear tomography was found to be the single most useful preoperative
      prognostic factor. The application of these prognostic factors preoperatively may
      identify patients who will benefit optimally from thoracotomy.

PMID- 6579888
TI  - Genetic markers in alcoholism: no association with HLA.
AB  - We carried out a study on 63 patients suffering from alcoholism in order to
      determine the frequency of 27 HLA antigens. In comparison to healthy blood donors
      no significant deviation of HLA distributions in alcoholics was found. The data
      on alcoholic patients with physical consequences such as cerebral seizures, liver
      cirrhosis and polyneuropathy failed to identify an association with HLA.

PMID- 6579889
TI  - Senile-onset vocal and motor tics.

PMID- 6579890
TI  - Association of food lectins with human oral epithelial cells in vivo.
AB  - The association of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and peanut agglutinin (PNA) with
      oral tissues after eating raw wheat-germ or raw peanuts, respectively, was
      determined. An indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELIA) was used to detect WGA
      and PNA on epithelial cells. Buccal and tongue epithelial cells, and preparations
      of salivary sediment exhibited ELIA units of WGA and PNA significantly above
      background after eating 2--7 g of wheat-germ or 25 g of raw peanuts,
      respectively. Both lectins were detected also in preparations of salivary
      bacteria where they persisted for 1--6 h. Samples collected after eating raw
      wheat-germ and incubated with N-acetylglucosamine, or samples collected after
      eating raw peanuts and incubated with galactose had reduced ELIA units of lectin
      present. This suggests that the lectins were not non-specifically adsorbed or
      present as unbound food particles. Pretreating buccal epithelial cells in vitro
      with 25 micrograms of WGA increased the numbers of Streptococcus sanguis FC-1
      cells which attached. Similarly, statistically significantly higher numbers of
      Strep. sanguis cells attached to buccal cells which were collected from donors
      after they had eaten raw wheat-germ compared to buccal cells collected prior to
      eating.

PMID- 6579891
TI  - Effects of an experimental diet on parotid saliva and dental plaque pH in
      institutionalized children.
AB  - Sixty-six children aged 6-12, permanent residents of a children's home, were
      placed on a diet during a 45-day experimental period to measure salivary flow
      rate, pH of saliva and dental plaque, total concentrations of salivary proteins,
      inorganic phosphate, bicarbonate, calcium and amylase. The total caloric content,
      as well as the proportional nutrient and calorie distribution of the foods, were
      determined and compared with those of the previous habitual diet. After the
      experimental period, stimulated parotid salivary flow, increased by 40 per cent
      over the pre-experimental values. Total proteins of saliva and pH of both saliva
      and dental plaque increased significantly, whereas inorganic phosphate
      concentration decreased. Concentrations of bicarbonate, calcium and amylase did
      not differ from those found pre-experimentally. The findings appear to derive
      from lesser retention and increased hardness of the foods in the experimental
      diet.

PMID- 6579892
TI  - Activation of rutin by human oral bacterial isolates to the carcinogen-mutagen
      quercetin.
AB  - Oral streptococci, isolated from the mouths of 2 healthy subjects, hydrolysed
      innocuous rutin, a flavonoid glycoside, to its genotoxic aglycon quercetin, in
      vitro. The isolates were identified as Streptococcus milleri. The glycosidase,
      rutinase, was studied in cell-free extracts derived from one of the isolates,
      grown anaerobically in batch cultures by the use of a bioassay, the Ames test, in
      which S-9 was replaced by the cell-free extracts. This streptococcal rutinase
      was: constitutive, partly inducible, cytosolic, most active for rutin and most
      active at pH 6.5. Type-culture collection strains of other oral streptococci
      (Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 25975 and Streptococcus mutans strain 6715-10)
      showed no capacity for rutin degradation. A hypothesis for a novel role of the
      oral microflora in a disease process other than caries and periodontal disease,
      namely intra-oral cancer, is presented. The possibility of a bacterial liberation
      of the genotoxic quercetin in situ could be but one example of its involvement in
      the local carcinogenic process.

PMID- 6579893
TI  - Evidence that healthy human gingiva contains functionally heterogeneous
      fibroblast subpopulations.
AB  - Six mass cultures of human fibroblasts derived from a single biopsy of a normal
      gingival papilla tip were studied with regard to their protein, collagen and
      glycosaminoglycan synthesis in vitro, using incorporation of radiolabelled
      substances. The proliferation rates, replicative life-spans and cell-size
      distributions of these mass cultures were determined. There were significant
      differences among the 6 cultures and these differences persisted throughout
      numerous cell replications in vitro. It is suggested that functional
      heterogeneity exists among phenotypically stable fibroblast subpopulations or
      subpopulation mixtures from normal tissue. The concept of participation of
      fibroblast subpopulations in disease pathogenesis is supported by these
      preliminary findings.

PMID- 6579894
TI  - Cephalometric analysis of adaptations after lengthening of the masseter muscle in
      adult rhesus monkeys, Macaca mulatta.
AB  - This relationship between the function of the muscles of mastication and
      craniofacial form was investigated in young adult monkeys by increasing the
      functional length of the elevator muscles of the mandible non-invasively by a
      bite-opening splint cemented to the maxillary dentition. The major adaptations to
      increased vertical dimensional were (1) marked superior and some anterior
      displacement of the maxillary complex, (2) dental intrusion and (3) rotation of
      the mandible. These alterations produced a shortening of the lengthened masseter
      muscle, i.e. a reduction in the amount of muscle stretch brought about by the
      appliance. Migration of the masseteric insertion along the ramus did not
      contribute significantly to the pattern of adaptation. The role of the masseter
      muscle in craniofacial adaptations to altered vertical dimension was determined
      by detaching and re-attaching the insertion of the masseter muscle in one group
      of experimental animals. The myotomized monkeys experienced significantly less
      anterior displacement of the maxilla than the non-myotomized monkeys, indicating
      that the surgery may have lessened some of the anteriorly-directed distracting
      forces of the lengthened masseter. Masseter myotomy alone was not sufficient to
      eliminate the vertically-directed distracting forces of the remainder of the
      mandibular elevator muscles brought about by increasing the vertical dimension of
      the lower face.

PMID- 6579895
TI  - Glucocorticoid-induced atrophy in different fibre types of selected rat jaw and
      hind-limb muscles.
AB  - Six weeks of glucocorticoid treatment (triamcinolone-acetonide-21-phosphate, 1
      mg/kg of body weight daily) resulted in a similar pattern of fibre type atrophy
      in jaw and hind-limb muscles. Fast-twitch glycolytic fibres were significantly
      atrophied in all muscles investigated. Fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic fibres
      were affected only in the fast (white) regions of the mixed muscles, while slow
      twitch oxidative fibres were unaffected. The results from pair-fed controls (food
      intake matched to the glucocorticoid-treated animals) showed that the
      glucocorticoid produced an atrophic response in addition to that produced by the
      decreased food intake in the experimental animals. These results suggest that the
      jaw musculature shares the wasting effects induced by elevated circulating
      glucocorticoid levels often found in stress situations.

PMID- 6579896
TI  - The amount and distribution of sclerotic human root dentine.
AB  - In low-power photomicrographs of ground sections of canine teeth, the amount of
      sclerosis increased with age linearly and was not markedly affected by the
      function of the tooth or external stimuli encountered during life. The pattern of
      distribution was similar in all teeth. Sclerosis started in the apical dentine
      adjacent to the cementum and extended coronally and towards the root canal, with
      increasing age. In the plane transverse to the long axis of the root, sclerosis
      appeared first at the mesial and distal sides so that the sclerotic zones formed
      a butterfly shape.

PMID- 6579897
TI  - The effect of a microfilament-disrupting drug, cytochalasin B, on 6-hourly and
      daily eruption rates of the rat mandibular incisor.
AB  - The drug did not affect 6-hourly and daily eruption rates of the unimpeded
      mandibular incisor of the rat. It is suggested that the tooth eruption is not
      inhibited by the disruption of microfilaments because the disruption was not
      associated with the motility of the cells and/or that the motility of the cells
      is not associated with the motive force of tooth eruption. Further studies may be
      necessary to confirm that the effects of cytochalasin B are on both
      microfilaments and motility of the periodontal fibroblasts.

PMID- 6579898
TI  - Phospholipids associated with human parotid gland sialoliths.
AB  - Ca-acidic phospholipid-phosphate complexes (CPLX) were isolated from 6 whole and
      2 pooled human parotid sialoliths containing the mineral phases hydroxyapatite,
      whitlockite and octacalcium phosphate (ash 78 +/- 16 per cent, n = 7). Total
      lipids accounted for 25 per cent of the demineralized dry weight of these
      sialoliths. CPLX was 39 +/- 18 per cent of the lipid phosphorous pool, while
      diphosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl choline were
      the principal non-complexed phospholipids. The high cholesterol:phospholipid
      molar ratio (1.0 +/- 0.3) observed in the sialolith lipids suggests a plasma
      membrane origin for these lipids.

PMID- 6579899
TI  - Influence of the rate of force application on the absolute psychophysical
      threshold level of periodontal mechanoreceptors in man.
AB  - In seven volunteers, controlled small forces were applied in an axial direction
      to a maxillary central incisor. The forces were generated by a stimulating device
      supported by the maxillary molars. The stimuli had a symmetrical triangular
      shape; force-application rates were varied from 1.88 to 960 mN/s. Threshold
      levels of sensation were determined at the various force-application rates. The
      relation between force-application rate and threshold level was negative, using
      1.88, 3.75 and 7.5 mN/s stimuli. This trend was interrupted as threshold levels
      were higher at 15 than at 7.5 mN/s. In the range of more rapidly applied forces,
      15-960 mN/s, the relationship was also negative, consistently, with a slope of 
      0.22 of the linear regression line after logarithmic transformation. It was
      concluded that the periodontal mechanoreceptive unit, as far as conscious
      functioning is concerned, may be described as a relatively inaccurate static
      force-detector when small magnitude forces are applied at low rates. Some rate
      sensitivity appears with more rapidly-applied stimuli.

PMID- 6579900
TI  - Predominant cultivable microflora of plaque on removable dentures in patients
      with healthy oral mucosa.
AB  - Plaque from the fitting surface of upper full dentures in eight patients with
      healthy palatal mucosa was studied. To characterize the predominant cultivable
      flora, 916 isolates (100-128 from each sample) were subcultured from anaerobic
      roll-tubes. Streptococci constituted 0-81 per cent (median, 41 per cent) of the
      isolates with varying proportions of Streptococcus milleri, Streptoccus mutans,
      Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus mitior and Streptococcus sanguis.
      Staphylococcus aureus made up 0-13 per cent (median, 6 per cent). Gram-positive
      rods constituted 1-74 per cent (median, 33 per cent). Among these, Actinomyces
      israelii, Actinomyces naeslundii, Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces
      odontolyticus were the most common species, whereas lactobacilli were isolated
      only from two samples, constituting 21 and 48 per cent. Among Gram-negative
      bacteria, only Veillonella parvula was common, constituting 3-20 per cent
      (median, 10 per cent). Gram-negative rods were isolated only from three samples
      in small proportions making up 0-6 per cent (median, 0 per cent) of the flora.
      Forty-seven isolates (5 per cent) were lost. Cultures for yeasts on Sabouraud
      agar were positive for five samples and the yeast counts corresponded to 0-0.45
      per cent (median, 0.002 per cent) of the total viable counts. The microflora of
      denture plaque is highly variable and is to a large extent similar to that of
      some forms of dental plaque.

PMID- 6579901
TI  - The histology of sclerotic human root dentine.
AB  - Studies by optical microscopy, microradiography and SEM suggested that sclerosis
      is the result of occlusion of the dentinal tubules by a mineral substance with a
      refractive index similar to that of the rest of the dentine. Translucence
      appeared before the majority of the tubules were completely occluded. The
      deposition of the occluding mineral took place initially in individual tubules or
      in groups of tubules. The occluding material and the peritubular dentine were
      almost indistinguishable under SEM. Both were smooth and densely mineralized. The
      process of deposition of occluding mineral appeared to be more like that of in
      vitro mineralization and thus different from that of peritubular dentine.

PMID- 6579902
TI  - A scanning electron microscopic study of the odontoblast process in human coronal
      dentine.
AB  - It is generally accepted that the odontoblast process occupies the dentinal
      tubules only in the inner part of the dentine, extending approx 0.7 mm from the
      pulp in both animals and man. Twenty-three premolars, molars and third molars
      from subjects aged 11-24 yr, all caries-free or only slightly decayed, were
      processed immediately after extraction by one of four methods. (I) Teeth were
      split in liquid nitrogen and then fixed, dehydrated in ascending ethanol, and
      dried by critical point drying (CPD). (II) Teeth were fractured by use of a
      mallet and a chisel and then prepared as in Method I. (III) The root was cut off
      using a diamond disk or a mallet and a chisel and the crown was then fixed,
      fractured in liquid nitrogen, dehydrated and CPD. (IV) As Method III but
      following fixation the teeth were freeze-dried. All specimens were examined in
      the scanning electron microscope (SEM). In specimens prepared by Methods II, III
      or IV the odontoblast process was limited to the inner third of crown dentine.
      However in all the specimens prepared by Method I the odontoblast process
      extended to the dentine-enamel junction.

PMID- 6579904
TI  - An in-vitro model for tooth eruption utilizing periodontal ligament fibroblasts
      and collagen lattices.
AB  - An in-vitro model that simulates tooth eruption was devised to determine the
      possible role of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PLF) in providing a major
      force for eruption. The model consisted of agarose-coated wells in multiwell
      tissue-culture plates to which wire mesh was attached at the rim and a slice of
      demineralized root was attached to the floor. When the wells were filled with a
      collagen lattice containing PLF, the lattice contracted and elevated the root
      slice. The root slice in models that were unattached at the rim was not elevated.
      Cultures without cells did not contract and root slices were not elevated.
      Elevation was inhibited by cytochalasin D and Colcemid. Histologically, cultures
      that had elevated showed orientated cells and collagen fibres. The results
      suggest that PLF may be capable of generating forces that are sufficient to
      produce tooth eruption.

PMID- 6579903
TI  - Lipid composition of human labial salivary gland secretions.
AB  - Extraction of the dialysed and lyophilized labial saliva with chloroform/methanol
      yielded 423.8 +/- 73.0 micrograms of lipids/ml of saliva, a level 4-5 times
      higher than in the major salivary glands. Of the total lipids, 32.4 per cent were
      represented by neutral lipids, 44.6 per cent by glycolipids and 23.0 per cent by
      phospholipids. Neutral lipids had a high content of free fatty acids (43.8 per
      cent), cholesteryl esters (26.9 per cent) and triglycerides (15.4 per cent). The
      glycolipids consisted mainly of neutral (74.6 per cent) and sulphated (25.4 per
      cent) glyceroglucolipids, whereas phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine,
      sphingomyelin and phosphatidylserine accounted for 54.7 per cent of the total
      phospholipids.

PMID- 6579905
TI  - Implantation of transformant strains of the bacterium Streptococcus sanguis into
      adult human mouths.
AB  - Streptococcus sanguis strains isolated from dental plaque of 12 subjects were
      screened for their ability to undergo genetic transformation using a streptomycin
      resistance marker. All subjects harboured at least one transformable strain.
      Eight of the subjects were implanted with transformant strains originally
      isolated from their own mouth, whereas four subjects received bacteria from other
      donors. The Strep. sanguis transformants became successfully implanted; their
      oral levels remained virtually unchanged during the 3-month experimental period.
      Their oral establishment did not seem to be related to whether the subjects were
      implanted with their own transformant strains or not. The implanted Strep.
      sanguis could be recovered both from teeth, oral soft tissues and throat.

PMID- 6579906
TI  - Haemolysis of human erythrocytes by the Fusobacterium nucleatum associated with
      periodontal disease.
AB  - Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides gingivalis are associated with oral
      disease. They both attach to haemagglutinate and human erythrocytes. Experiments
      were performed to determine whether haemolysis would occur following attachment
      of strains of F. nucleatum and Bacteroides species including B. gingivalis. The
      F. nucleatum strains consistently displayed both haemagglutination and haemolytic
      activity. The B. gingivalis strains and other Bacteroides species displayed
      haemagglutination but no measurable haemolytic activity. Varying the
      concentration of the F. nucleatum whole cells in the standard haemolysis assay
      suggested a F. nucleatum-erythrocyte binding site interaction. The haemolytic
      moiety was observed in various cell, cell wall and lipopolysaccharide extracts.

PMID- 6579907
TI  - A kinetic study of rat salivary gland alkaline phosphatase and its inhibition by
      cadmium.
AB  - Alkaline phosphatase, confined to myoepithelial cells and blood capillaries in
      rat submandibular salivary gland (SSG), may participate in the regulation of
      salivary flow. To determine whether the alkaline phosphatase of SSG has unique
      properties, comparative kinetic and inhibition studies on enzymes from SSG,
      intestine and kidney were performed. The Km values (at optimal pH for each
      tissue) of 0.34, 0.55 and 0.49 mM with p-nitrophenylphosphate for the enzymes
      from SSG, kidney and small intestine respectively were similar. However, in the
      presence of cadmium the Ki values of 0.08 and 0.12 microM for the enzymes from
      SSG and kidney respectively were different from the value of 1.86 microM for the
      enzyme from small intestine. Differences in Ki values suggest differences in
      biochemical properties between the enzyme from small intestine and that isolated
      from SSG or kidney.

PMID- 6579908
TI  - Age-related changes in reducible crosslinks of human dental pulp collagen.
AB  - Coronal pulp of human third molars from patients ranging in age from 16 to 40 yr
      was analysed for collagen, protein, calcium and reducible crosslink content.
      Dihydroxylsinonorleucine (DHLNL) was the major crosslink; it decreased with age.
      Hydroxylsinonorleucine (HLNL) and lysinonorleucine (LNL) appeared in
      insignificant amounts. Calcium content increased with age. Based on the premise
      that collagen synthesis is characterized by the presence of reducible crosslinks,
      the study showed that coronal pulp collagen synthesis decreases with age; this is
      accompanied by a decrease in collagen concentration in terms of dry weight and
      total protein between 16 and 30 hr of age.

PMID- 6579909
TI  - The mineral content of human enamel studied by polarizing microscopy,
      microradiography and scanning electron microscopy.
AB  - The total observed birefringence and mineral content of the outer 300 micron of
      longitudinal sections of sound buccal premolar enamel were measured and three
      dimensional contour maps were made. Using similar contour maps of calcium,
      carbonate and magnesium content from the literature, it seemed possible to
      explain the differences between the contour maps of total observed birefringence
      and mineral content. Scanning electron micrographs provided information about the
      orientation of the prisms. The cervical part of the enamel had a high intrinsic
      birefringence which may explain the difference between mineral content and total
      observed birefringence. This high intrinsic birefringence may be caused by a high
      carbonate content in cervical enamel.

PMID- 6579910
TI  - Changes in the structure and chemical composition of the mandibular condylar
      cartilage of the neonatal mouse.
AB  - The cartilage of the mandibular condyle of growing mice was used to monitor
      changes in the content of protein, DNA, hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, uronic
      acid, calcium and phosphate. Protein and DNA increased in a stepwise fashion with
      one spurt seen during the first 2 weeks of post-natal life a second immediately
      after weaning. Hydroxyproline increased during the entire growth period, i.e.
      until the 8th post-natal week. Hydroxylysine increased only until week 4. The
      content of the uronic acid fluctuated and showed highs and lows throughout the
      growth period. Both calcium and phosphate increased in an almost parallel fashion
      from birth until the stage of tissue maturation. Morphological studies indicated
      that the hyaline type of cartilage in the newborn is gradually replaced by a
      fibrous tissue, which reveals a markedly different structure and composition.

PMID- 6579912
TI  - Computer simulation of the breakdown of carrot particles during human
      mastication.
AB  - There are two separable aspects of the mastication of food particles. One aspect
      describes the probability of the selection of particles for fracture (selection);
      the other describes the manner of fragmentation of the particles (breakage).
      Definitions of these concepts were used to produce an approximate equation for
      food breakdown, which can be solved by iteration in a computer. Values for the
      selection and breakage functions, obtained from 10 human subjects using carrot as
      a test food, were used in a computer program which modelled mastication. The
      model assumed (1) that selection depended only on particle size (2) that
      fragmentation (range of fractions or sub-particles produced) was similar for all
      particles, whatever their size. Good agreement was found between the actual
      particle-size distributions produced by mastication and those distributions
      generated by the computer. Simulations predicted that the initial particle size
      of the carrot before mastication could be varied substantially, so producing
      similar particle-size distributions after 15 chews.

PMID- 6579911
TI  - Methods for analysing the breakdown of food in human mastication.
AB  - A method is described for measuring the rate at which carrot particles are broken
      down in chewing. In 10 subjects, this rate declined progressively throughout
      mastication. This was analysed in terms of two variables: (a) the intra-oral
      selection of particles for fracture, (b) the size distribution of fractured
      pieces of those particles. When intra-oral selection was measured by different
      methods, it depended mainly upon particle size. The selection of small particles
      might depend on the number of chews taken after the food was placed in the mouth.
      The size distribution of fractured pieces was obtained from one chew on three
      different particle sizes. These distributions were partially described by two
      different equations whose characteristics suggest that carrot particles are
      subjected to only one breakage per chew and that the number of fragments formed
      per breakage is small. It is suggested that the cusps present on the post-canines
      were important in determining this breakage pattern, and that the dependence of
      selection on particle size was primarily responsible for the decline in the rate
      of breakdown with increasing numbers of chews.

PMID- 6579913
TI  - Comparison in vitro of the incorporation of D-[2-3H(N)]-mannose and D-[1-14C]
      glucosamine into glycoproteins of dispersed rat submandibular salivary gland
      cells.
AB  - The incorporation of two different radiolabelled sugars, D-[14C]-glucosamine and
      D-[2-3H(N)]-mannose, into cellular and secretory glycoproteins was compared using
      dispersed rat submandibular cells. Most of the de-novo biosynthesis appeared to
      be directed toward the synthesis of secretory material as the molecular profile
      of the 3H-labelled material released following sympathomimetic stimulation and
      the percentage of total 3H-labelled acid--precipitable material secreted
      following cholinergic- or adrenergic-receptor stimulation coincided with the data
      obtained from similar studies using [14C]-glucosamine. The [3H]-mannose label was
      found in the neutral sugars mannose, galactose, glucose and fucose, with trace
      amounts of radiolabel in the amino sugars, whereas the [14C]-glucosamine label
      was present in three different amino sugars; glucosamine, galactosamine and
      sialic acid.

PMID- 6579914
TI  - Comparative effects of five chlorosucrose analogues on acidogenicity and
      adherence of the oral bacterium Streptococcus mutans in vitro.
AB  - Standardized Streptococcus mutans suspensions were incubated with five
      chlorosucrose compounds alone and in the presence of sucrose. Fall in pH was
      recorded over 4 h. Other experiments used image-analysis techniques to measure
      deposition by sedimentation from similar test suspensions. In the pH experiments,
      order of acidogenicity was 1'-chlorosucrose or 4,6,6'-trichlorosucrose greater
      than 1',6'-dichlorosucrose greater than 6,1',6'-trichlorosucrose. The last two
      compounds statistically significantly reduced fall in pH from metabolism of
      endogenous carbohydrate. All the chlorosucroses significantly decreased
      acidogenicity of sucrose; with 6,1',6'-trichlorosucrose and 4,1',6'
      trichlorosucrose terminal pH was approximately 1 unit higher than with sucrose
      alone. In the deposition experiments, all chlorosucroses except 1',6'
      dichlorosucrose decreased deposition in the presence of sucrose after either 30
      min or 4 h incubation. The greatest reduction in deposition in the presence of
      sucrose after 4 h was with 6,1',6'-trichlorosucrose or 1'-chlorosucrose.

PMID- 6579916
TI  - Effect on peroxidase activity and specific binding of the hormone 17 beta
      oestradiol and rat salivary glands.
AB  - The effect was studied on immature and adult female rats. Oestradiol, given
      either once (10 micrograms) or three times (3 X 10 micrograms) subcutaneously
      significantly retarded the total weight gain of immature rats whereas, at the
      same time, the weight of the uteri increased several fold. The weights of neither
      salivary nor lacrimal glands were dependent on oestradiol. The activity of the
      peroxidase enzyme, a marker of oestrogen-responsive tissues, increased
      significantly in the rat uteri but had no effect on lacrimal peroxidase. The
      levels of rat salivary peroxidase increased during oestradiol administration with
      considerable differences between various glands. The increase in peroxidase
      activities could not be explained by changes in the total protein content but
      seemed to be specific for this enzyme. Experiments using [3H]-oestradiol
      indicated specific binding to uterus, parotid and submandibular glands. It is
      concluded that rat salivary glands are oestrogen-responsive.

PMID- 6579915
TI  - The repressible metabolism of sorbitol (D-glucitol) by intact cells of the oral
      plaque-forming bacterium Streptococcus mutans.
AB  - Sorbitol metabolism of Streptococcus mutans was studied. Cocci adapted to growth
      in sorbitol, glucose or both were challenged to grow on and to ferment those
      carbohydrates in pH-controlled defined media with intact cells capable of
      metabolic inductions and regulations. Glucose degradation when in high
      concentration did not depend upon induction of glucose-specific
      phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase activity, as it did at low
      glucose concentrations. Sorbitol utilization was signalled by the induction of
      sorbitol-specific phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase and sorbitol-6
      phosphate dehydrogenase activities which persisted throughout the growth cycle.
      However, when even low levels of glucose were present, sorbitol transport and
      catabolic activities were rapidly repressed and they were not de-repressed until
      essentially all glucose had been utilized. Metabolism of sorbitol thus relies on
      the sorbitol phosphotransferase/sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase pathway whose
      activity is sensitively repressed in the presence of glucose.

PMID- 6579917
TI  - Progressive decrease in dentine permeability following cavity preparation.
AB  - Dentine permeability determinations were made longitudinally in cavities prepared
      in dog teeth in vivo, using two different techniques: isotope clearance and fluid
      filtration. Measurements made with both techniques indicate that there is a large
      reduction in dentine-permeability within the first week following cavity
      preparation. The phenomenon requires an intact pulp and is not the result of
      microleakage of temporary restorations.

PMID- 6579918
TI  - The free amino acids in human dental plaque.
AB  - Analysis of plaques from maxillary and mandibular incisors for free amino acids
      showed that the dicarboxylic amino acids, glutamic and aspartic, were present in
      largest amounts, with glutamic acid comprising at least 50 per cent of the total
      pool. Other amino acids in decreasing order of prominence included proline,
      ornithine, alanine, lysine, glycine, threonine and serine. This pattern was
      basically the same in the plaques from the different incisor sites but was
      clearly different from those of hydrolysates of either the plaque bacteria or the
      plaque matrix. The results were consistent with the most prominent plaque-free
      amino acids being associated mainly with the intermediary metabolism of the
      plaque bacteria. Urea and glucose were then applied to plaque in vivo in the form
      of rinses to determine if during their metabolism any of the plaque amino acids
      are affected. Glutamic- and aspartic-acid concentrations both rose after plaque
      exposure to urea accompanied by a small rise in alanine. After glucose exposure,
      aspartic- and glutamic-acid concentrations both showed large decreases and
      alanine showed a small increase. With glucose plus urea, glutamic acid rose and
      fell, aspartic acid decreased slightly and alanine increased several fold. In
      each case, the other free amino acids showed little or no change. Thus glutamic
      and aspartic acids are major components of the intra-cellular pool of amino acids
      and probably play an important role in alanine synthesis, presumably by
      facilitating transamination of pyruvate.

PMID- 6579919
TI  - The concentration of sodium, potassium and chloride in rabbit submandibular
      saliva during postnatal development.
AB  - Saliva was collected from the cannulated ducts of submandibular glands of rabbits
      at various ages from birth to adulthood and analysed for sodium, potassium and
      chloride. Saliva was obtained at all ages by electrical stimulation of the
      parasympathetic innervation to the gland. On the day of birth (day 1), salivary
      sodium was 108.5 +/- 3.4 mM (n = 8) and chloride was 89.9 +/- 3.6 mM (n = 9)
      falling to adult-like concentrations of 5.7 +/- 0.6 mM (n = 13) and 16.5 +/- 1.2
      mM (n = 9) respectively by day 10. On Day 1, salivary potassium was 23.9 +/- 1.8
      mM (n = 7) and rose progressively to 76.8 +/- 2.5 mM (n = 8) on day 17. Adult
      potassium concentration was 30-40 mM. A wide range of flows was obtained at all
      ages and at each age sodium and chloride concentrations were approximately
      constant at all flows. Therefore the changes in electrolyte concentration cannot
      be explained by differences in flow. The results suggest a maturation of ductal
      transport of sodium, potassium and chloride ions concurrent with the structural
      maturation of striated duct cells.

PMID- 6579921
TI  - The effects of topical dinoprostone on the nasal vasculature. A study of patients
      with allergic rhinitis.
AB  - We studied the effects of topical dinoprostone on the nasal blood vessels of
      patients with allergic rhinitis. The outstanding changes noted were constriction
      of the arterioles and capillaries (to a lesser extent) and tight closure of the
      interendothelial junctions. These changes caused a diminution of nasal blood flow
      and edema fluid formation, a reduction in the size of the turbinates, and
      consequently, an increase in nasal patency. However, dinoprostone had no effect
      on the nasal venules.

PMID- 6579920
TI  - Composition of human palatine gland secretions and evidence for the presence of
      specific arylamidases.
AB  - After mechanically stimulating the surface of palatine mucosa of adult human
      subjects, 10-25 microliter of saliva secreted from the openings of the palatine
      glands were directly collected into graduated glass capillaries. The saliva
      samples contained large amounts of carbohydrates, sialic acids and hexosamines as
      a result of the high glycoprotein content of the secretions. The saliva did not
      show activity from amylase, peroxidase, lysozyme and other typical mixed saliva
      enzymes, but contained arylamidases at concentrations much higher than mixed
      saliva from the same subjects.

PMID- 6579922
TI  - [Influenza].
AB  - Influenza is the last great uncontrolled plague of mankind. Pandemics and
      epidemics occur at regular time intervals. The influenza viruses are divided into
      the types A, B and C and show unique variability of their surface antigens
      (hemagglutinin and neuraminidase). Influenza viruses of type A show the largest
      degree of antigenic variation which, in turn, resulted in the definition of a
      number of subtypes, each comprising many strains. By comparison, influenza
      viruses of types B and C exhibit much less variation of their surface antigens.
      As a consequence, no subtypes but many different strains have been recognized.
      The degree of antigenic variation correlates with the epidemiologic significance
      of the virus types, type A being the most and type C the least important. Two
      different kinds of antigenic variation have been recognized: In the case of minor
      variation of one or both surface antigens, the term "antigenic drift" is
      employed. Antigenic drift occurs with all three types of virus, it is caused by
      point mutations which increase the chance of survival of mutants in the diseased
      host. In addition, influenza A viruses show sudden and complete changes of their
      surface antigens in regular time intervals, resulting in the appearance of new
      subtypes. This event is called "antigenic shift". The mechanisms responsible for
      antigenic shift are poorly understood, only. In addition to the recycling of
      preceding subtypes, reassortment resulting from double infection of cells with
      strains of human and animal origin are considered possible explanations. By use
      of modern DNA recombinant technology, the base sequences of a series of virus
      genes and, as a consequence, the amino acid sequence of the corresponding
      antigens have been determined. By means of monoclonal antibodies, the antigenic
      structure of many influenza antigens has been further elucidated. It can be
      expected that further research on the molecular basis of antigenic variation
      could finally result in an understanding of the causal mechanisms. It is an
      outstanding feature of the epidemiology of influenza A viruses that a family of
      related strains prevails for a certain period of time and disappears abruptly as
      a new subtype emerges.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6579923
TI  - The establishment of human choriocarcinoma cell line in vitro.

PMID- 6579924
TI  - Day-stay oral surgery.

PMID- 6579925
TI  - The effects of waiting time and waiting room environment on dental patients'
      anxiety.

PMID- 6579926
TI  - Dental education at The University of Adelaide: an evaluation.

PMID- 6579927
TI  - Non-vital bleaching--internal and external.

PMID- 6579928
TI  - Polymerization shrinkage of resin-based restorative materials.

PMID- 6579929
TI  - The dental health of children eight and fifteen years of age living in Bunbury,
      Western Australia.

PMID- 6579930
TI  - Denture cleansing habits. A survey.

PMID- 6579931
TI  - The effect of long-wave ultraviolet radiation on gingival Langerhans cells.

PMID- 6579932
TI  - The winds of change.

PMID- 6579933
TI  - To restore or not.

PMID- 6579935
TI  - Amiodarone--a drug for all seasons?

PMID- 6579934
TI  - Hepatitis B viral antigens.

PMID- 6579936
TI  - Delta associated hepatitis in Australia.
AB  - Hepatitis B associated delta infection was found in Australian born narcotics
      users, patients with cirrhosis and hepatoma from Italy and Greece and in south
      east Asian immigrants. About 9% of patients with chronic hepatitis B were found
      to have intranuclear delta antigen in liver biopsies with immunofluorescence or
      anti-delta antibody in serum by radioimmunoassay. Delta may have been imported
      from southern Europe and Asia and a reservoir of delta infection may exist in
      narcotics users. Anti-delta was not found in hemophiliacs despite exposure to
      hepatitis B. Delta occurs in Australia and causes acute and particularly chronic
      hepatitis in addition to that caused by hepatitis B.

PMID- 6579937
TI  - Serum lipid and apolipoprotein A and B levels in familial hypercholesterolemia.
AB  - Serum lipid and apolipoprotein A (apo A) and B (apo B) levels were studied in a
      family with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), which comprised two heterozygous
      parents, five heterozygous children, one homozygote and one normal child. Lipid
      levels were compared with those of age- and sex-matched normal controls. All
      subjects with FH had total serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein
      cholesterol (LDL-C) levels greater than the 90th percentile value for the
      reference range. High density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were less
      than the corresponding 13th percentile in heterozygous subjects. The homozygous
      child had grossly elevated levels of LDL-C and apo B, and very low levels of HDL
      C and apo A. The most powerful discriminating variable between normal,
      heterozygous and homozygous family members was the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio.

PMID- 6579938
TI  - Amiodarone therapy for life threatening or refractory cardiac arrhythmias.
AB  - Amiodarone was used in 40 patients with life-threatening or refractory
      tachyarrhythmias. Eighteen patients had recurrent ventricular tachycardia of whom
      13 had suffered a cardiac arrest. Control has been excellent or good in 17 of
      these 18 patients during an average follow-up period of 10 months. A further 22
      patients had supraventricular arrhythmias, including three with Wolff-Parkinson
      White syndrome and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. In 20 of these control has
      been excellent or good. The mean daily maintenance dose of amiodarone was 300 mg
      for patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias and 200 mg for those with
      supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Side-effects were common and included corneal
      microdeposits, skin rash and discolouration, alteration in thyroid function, and
      symptomatic bradycardia. Serious adverse effects were uncommon however and
      necessitated discontinuation of the drug in only two patients. Amiodarone did not
      appear to precipitate or exacerbate cardiac failure in any patient although many
      had severe left ventricular dysfunction. We conclude that amiodarone is effective
      in the therapy of life-threatening or refractory cardiac arrhythmias.

PMID- 6579939
TI  - Life events and myocardial infarction.
AB  - Life events reported to have occurred twelve months before the onset of the
      illness were compared in 55 in-patients who had a first episode of myocardial
      infarction and 55 control in-patients matched for age, sex, marital status and
      social class and afflicted with acute abdomen, trauma and multiple trauma. The
      Paykel interview for Recent Life Events was used. Myocardial infarction patients
      reported significantly more previous events than the control group (p less than
      0.001) with more undesirable (p less than 0.01) and uncontrolled (p less than
      0.01) events. Moreover, myocardial infarction patients had significantly more
      events (p less than 0.01) which had an "objective negative impact" (rated as
      being traumatic). These findings are consistent with the view that certain recent
      life events have a positive association with the onset of a first episode of
      myocardial infarction.

PMID- 6579940
TI  - Lower respiratory tract symptoms in Queensland schoolchildren. The questionnaire:
      its reliability and validity.
AB  - Respiratory symptoms and ventilatory function were recorded on 4549 Queensland
      schoolchildren. Previously parents of 67 children on two occasions showed that
      key questions on wheezy breathing and productive cough were reliable, with
      agreement of responses in 97% and 91% of subjects. These two questions divided
      the children into four main groups: Group A, those children with attacks of
      asthma or of wheezy breathing; Group B, those with attacks of cough with sputum;
      Group AB, those with both symptoms; and Group N, those with neither symptom. The
      validity of the questionnaire was examined by relating question responses to
      ventilatory function expressed as normalized residuals. Mean (+/- SD) normalized
      FEF 25-75 residuals for the major groups were: N, 0 +/- 1.00; B, -0.10 +/- 1.00;
      A, -0.26 +/- 1.10; and AB, -0.50 +/- 1.07. In subjects with wheeze, residuals
      distinguished subjects on a basis of frequency of wheeze, total number of
      attacks, and the association with breathlessness. The proportion of eight year
      olds in each group (N, B, A and AB) was 44%, 33%, 2.6%, and 20.5% respectively;
      and of twelve year olds, 52%, 28%, 2.7%, and 18.1%. These results contrast with
      those of a comparable survey of Tasmanian seven year olds where the proportion
      was 51%, 33%, 1.8%, and 14.4% respectively.

PMID- 6579941
TI  - Cerebral abscess: manifestation of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.
AB  - Two cases in which cerebral abscess was the initial presenting feature of
      pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are reported. Cerebral abscess recurred in
      one patient. The pulmonary malformations were multiple and bilateral in both
      cases. One patient had associated features of hereditary hemorrhagic
      telangiectasia. Surgical resection of the largest malformations was performed in
      both cases. Cerebral abscess did not recur in either case post-operatively,
      though this may not have been due to surgical intervention.

PMID- 6579942
TI  - Myoclonus following severe asthma: clonazepam relieves.
AB  - Three cases of severe asthma requiring mechanical ventilatory support after
      sudden cardiorespiratory collapse developed myoclonus following the hypoxemic
      insult. They were unable to stand, walk or feed themselves because of these jerky
      involuntary movements which were worse on intention. Oral clonazepam in varying
      doses up to 8 mg daily improved the myoclonus remarkably such that they were able
      to perform these functions unaided.

PMID- 6579943
TI  - Month of birth and admission to hospital for asthma.

PMID- 6579944
TI  - Fatal neurological complications in temporal arteritis.

PMID- 6579945
TI  - Assessment of osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal failure.

PMID- 6579946
TI  - Research and the college.

PMID- 6579947
TI  - Special investigations prior to surgery for varicose veins.

PMID- 6579948
TI  - Timing of surgery in hypospadias repair.

PMID- 6579949
TI  - The use of directional Doppler ultrasound in the assessment of saphenofemoral
      incompetence.
AB  - The prevalence of saphenofemoral incompetence in a series of 105 consecutive
      patients undergoing saphenofemoral ligation as part of an operation for primary
      varicose veins was determined using a directional continuous-wave Doppler
      ultrasonic device. Saphenofemoral incompetence was correctly predicted in 97% of
      limbs. Using conventional clinical methods, incompetence was correctly predicted
      in 82% of limbs. This difference was highly significant (P less than 0.01
      McNemar). It is concluded that a directional Doppler ultrasonic assessment is a
      useful aid in the pre-operative determination of saphenofemoral incompetence.

PMID- 6579950
TI  - Chronic pancreatitis: results of a protocol of management.
AB  - Thirty-five patients with chronic pancreatitis of varying cause have been treated
      according to a protocol first introduced in 1979. At the end of a mean follow up
      time of 2.1 years, only 54% of patients were found to have derived benefit
      defined by pain relief and improved quality of life. Patients with alcoholic
      pancreatitis did particularly poorly, and alcoholics who continued to drink
      almost never benefited. Patients with dilated pancreatic ducts were more likely
      to do well than those with small ducts, and pancreaticojejunostomy had a
      satisfactory record of pain relief. Patients with biliary pancreatitis generally
      did well with cholecystectomy and clearance of the common bile duct. The 40-80%
      pancreatectomy had a poor record for pain relief, and produced diabetes in the
      majority of patients in whom it was used. Nothing will reverse the established
      pathology of chronic pancreatitis, which remains an unsatisfactory condition to
      treat.

PMID- 6579951
TI  - Long term follow-up of surgical adrenalectomy for breast cancer.
AB  - A long term follow-up of 300 patients treated by bilateral adrenalectomy for
      advanced breast cancer is presented. The notable features are the lengthy
      remissions and survival times which occurred in some patients. This is further
      evidence of at least two important biological subsets within the general
      population of breast cancers. Of the responders, 11% were still in remission at
      four years and 10% were alive at 10 years. Responders also enjoyed a good quality
      of life. These results are of considerable importance in assessing the relative
      merits of newer methods of treatment.

PMID- 6579952
TI  - Splenic regeneration following splenectomy for traumatic rupture.
AB  - Thirty-three patients previously splenectomized following traumatic rupture of
      the spleen were assessed using a radionuclide technique. Splenic tissue was
      detected by this means in 22 patients (67%). Peripheral venous blood was examined
      for the presence of erythrocyte surface vacuoles. Vacuolated red blood cells were
      detected more frequently than in the normal population. The incidence of
      vacuolated red blood cells was inversely related to the estimated volume of
      regenerated splenic tissue.

PMID- 6579953
TI  - Role of the intensive care ambulance in the transport of accident victims.
AB  - The performance of intensive care ambulance officers (paramedics) has been
      assessed by an analysis of interventions and outcomes in 75 patients transported
      by ambulance services to the Westmead Centre following accidents. An injury
      severity score has been used to compare anticipated with actual results. It
      appeared that some 20% of patients benefited from paramedical interventions, that
      some 10% reached hospital alive because of the interventions, and that about 3%
      survived in the long term because of the interventions. Ambulance officers showed
      themselves to be accurate in assessing the severity of trauma.

PMID- 6579954
TI  - The effect of blood transfusion on the incidence of deep vein thrombosis.
AB  - The incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in 120 patients undergoing
      elective total hip replacement was determined venographically. Significantly more
      blood was administered to those developing thrombosis, particularly in the
      subgroups given general anaesthesia (P less than 0.05). There were no differences
      in the postoperative haemoglobin values in any of these groups. The distribution
      of other risk factors identified, namely previous thrombo-embolism, malignancy
      and previous vein surgery or injections did not influence this finding. The use
      of TED stockings (Kendall) was effective. It is suggested that greater emphasis
      should be placed on techniques that reduce blood loss such as regional
      anaesthesia and the posterior approach to the hip. Further research into the
      fluids used for blood volume maintenance will be beneficial.

PMID- 6579955
TI  - Urological complications following abdominoperineal excision of the rectum for
      carcinoma.
AB  - A retrospective study was made of 122 patients who had an abdominoperineal
      excision (APE) of the rectum for carcinoma at Concord Hospital between 1971 and
      1979. Fifty-two percent of patients suffered one or more significant urological
      complications. These included urinary tract infection (32%), operative trauma to
      the urinary tract (8.5%) and temporary or permanent bladder dysfunction in 35% of
      patients. Acute urinary retention, when temporary, was managed by simple
      measures. Chronic retention, incontinence and some episodes of acute retention
      were due to a neurogenic bladder. These patients were difficult to treat. It is
      recommended that urodynamic studies be used to assess these patients who develop
      a neurogenic bladder before any treatment is instituted. This is relevant
      especially in those patients in whom a transurethral resection of either the
      bladder neck or prostate is contemplated.

PMID- 6579956
TI  - Hypospadias repair under the age of 1 year.
AB  - Hypospadias repair is a complex and challenging problem. Psychological,
      physiological, technical, and logistic problems all play a part. A retrospective
      survey of 108 infants, aged between 6 and 12 months, operated upon at the two
      Brisbane children's hospitals between 1977 and 1982, by a one stage total repair
      procedure, produced results comparable technically, functionally and
      aesthetically with other reported series. There were minimal psychological
      effects on the infant, and coincidentally reduced financial cost of the repair
      and hospitalization to the parents and society.

PMID- 6579957
TI  - A clinical study of the use of musculocutaneous island flaps for reconstruction
      in head and neck surgery.
AB  - Eleven cases of the musculocutaneous island flap (MCIF) and their use in major
      reconstructions for head and neck surgery are described. Methods used in
      investigating the blood supply of these flaps in cadaver specimens are discussed
      as well as the use of radionuclear scanning of the blood supply of the flaps in
      postoperative patients.

PMID- 6579958
TI  - A suction cone to prevent spillage during hydatid surgery.
AB  - A safe and reliable suction cone is described which has an important place in the
      surgical treatment of hydatid cysts and has been successfully used in 42 cases.
      This device may also have a role in the surgical treatment of huge malignant
      ovarian cysts.

PMID- 6579959
TI  - Luque rod fixation in meningomyelocele kyphosis: a preliminary report.
AB  - A preliminary report is given of four cases of kyphosis in the thoracolumbar and
      lumbar regions in paraplegic meningomyelocele patients treated by means of
      segmental spinal (Luque) rod fixation. The system, incorporating fixation at
      multiple levels and the principle of the three-point pressure system, appears
      highly effective in obtaining and maintaining correction in a deformity which has
      previously proven refractory in a high proportion of cases.

PMID- 6579960
TI  - Intestinal volvulus: a new concept.
AB  - A concept of the aetiology of intestinal volvulus is presented based on the fact
      that bowel when distended becomes elongated. The antimesenteric border of the
      bowel elongates more than the mesenteric border and this provides the driving
      force which initiates and sustains the volvulus. It is, therefore, a secondary
      event resulting from distention.

PMID- 6579961
TI  - Gustatory syndrome following radical neck dissection.
AB  - Gustatory syndrome in the temple region is common. This is a report of an unusual
      presentation in the submandibular region following a cervical block dissection.

PMID- 6579962
TI  - Delayed presentation of posterior fracture dislocation of the hip in a child.
AB  - A case of delayed presentation of posterior fracture dislocation of the hip in a
      child is reported. Only four similar adult cases have been described in the
      English medical literature. This case is even more perplexing than those already
      reported in thAT AP and lateral X-rays of the affected hip were performed on
      initial presentation and were normal. The mechanism of such a phenomenon,
      explanations for failure to detect such an injury and methods of avoiding this
      complication are presented.

PMID- 6579963
TI  - Some comparative effects of gemfibrozil, clofibrate, bezafibrate, cholestyramine
      and compactin on sterol metabolism in rats.
AB  - Liver cholesterogenesis in rats was measured by giving [l-14C]octanoate i.p.; 1 h
      later digitonin-precipitable sterols were isolated and counted. In rats fed
      normal chow and given 7 daily p.o. doses of compounds and then fasted, at 20 h
      after the last dose, clofibrate or bezafibrate had no effect at lower doses or
      inhibited incorporation at higher doses, while compactin or gemfibrozil caused
      increases; cholestyramine added to the diet also caused marked increases. When
      rats were fed chow containing 0.1% cholesterol and 5.5% peanut oil, again at 20 h
      following the last of 7 daily doses, gemfibrozil caused increases of
      incorporation which diminished at higher levels of dosage, while clofibrate
      caused only inhibition. A single dose of gemfibrozil caused inhibition at 3 h
      postdose followed by increases over control at 36 and 48 h; a single dose of
      compactin caused inhibition at 3 h but not subsequent increase, and a single dose
      of clofibrate had no effect over the entire period. In rats fed chow containing
      1.5% cholesterol and 5.5% peanut oil, gemfibrozil given orally or cholestyramine
      in the diet prevented the diet-induced decreases of plasma HDL cholesterol and
      increases of liver cholesterol content, while bezafibrate treatment did not have
      those effects. The effects of cholestyramine rapidly disappeared when it was
      withdrawn from the diet, while the effects of gemfibrozil persisted after dosage
      was stopped. These results suggest that some of the actions of gemfibrozil on rat
      sterol metabolism are quantitatively different from those of the other agents
      tested.

PMID- 6579964
TI  - Analysis of cardiovascular risk factors in chronic hemodialysis patients with
      special attention to the hyperlipoproteinemias.
AB  - A group of 252 chronic hemodialysis patients was examined for various risk
      factors. Special emphasis was placed upon the comparison of patients who had
      marked cardiovascular alterations with the remainder of the group. The
      seriousness of the risk factors was determine by hypertension and
      hyperlipoproteinemia, 78% of the patients received antihypertensive medication or
      had changes in the fundus of the eye or both. In 74% of the patients there were
      pathological changes in the plasma lipids or lipoproteins or both.
      Hypertriglyceridemia (49%) and a HDL cholesterol decrease (61%) were the most
      striking findings. The average VLDL cholesterol value was significantly higher
      and the HDL cholesterol significantly lower in the coronary heart disease group
      than in the remaining group. These results show that hyperlipoproteinemia and a
      decrease in HDL, together with other risk factors such as hypertension and
      anemia, play an important role in the accelerated development of atherosclerosis
      in a hemodialysis group.

PMID- 6579965
TI  - [Services and education in pediatrics in Puerto Rico].

PMID- 6579966
TI  - Geographic distribution of abnormal hemoglobins in Puerto Rico.

PMID- 6579967
TI  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Puerto Rican children. 73 consecutive cases.

PMID- 6579968
TI  - Dual chamber demand pacemaker in children: experience at the University Pediatric
      Hospital.

PMID- 6579969
TI  - [Arterial pressure in Puerto Rican children between the ages of 5 and 15 years
      old].

PMID- 6579970
TI  - [Pathology review. Normal laboratory values in the pediatric age. Hospital
      Pediatrico Universitario].

PMID- 6579971
TI  - The immotile-cilia syndrome.

PMID- 6579972
TI  - [Acute renal insufficiency as a late complication of cardiac angiography: report
      of a case and review of the literature].

PMID- 6579973
TI  - Congenital orbital alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.

PMID- 6579975
TI  - Acute cholecystitis: the old and the new.

PMID- 6579974
TI  - Hemophilus influenzae meningitis: unusual clinical aspects.

PMID- 6579976
TI  - [Nutritional status of the Puerto Rican population: anthropometric and
      biochemical data in children and adolescents].

PMID- 6579977
TI  - Acute cholecystitis. Hepatobiliary study (99mTc disofenin).

PMID- 6579978
TI  - [Determination of disability for Social Security].

PMID- 6579979
TI  - New perspectives on nutritional counseling for the elderly.

PMID- 6579980
TI  - Nutritional anemia.

PMID- 6579981
TI  - Electrocardiogram of the month. Eisenmenger's syndrome.

PMID- 6579982
TI  - [Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: state of immunological dysfunction in
      focus].

PMID- 6579983
TI  - [Pathology review. Prostatic carcinoma: importance of the histological staging].

PMID- 6579984
TI  - Adriamycin tissue injury.

PMID- 6579985
TI  - Motor neuron disease in Puerto Rico: a study of 76 cases.

PMID- 6579986
TI  - Legionellosis and Legionella spp. in the waters of Puerto Rico.

PMID- 6579987
TI  - [Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].

PMID- 6579988
TI  - Osteoporosis.

PMID- 6579989
TI  - [Depression and anxiety: differential diagnosis].

PMID- 6579991
TI  - Sonography quiz. Hydronephrosis.

PMID- 6579990
TI  - Radiology quiz. Ruptured Baker's cyst.

PMID- 6579992
TI  - Electrocardiogram of the month. Myocardial infarction and left anterior
      hemiblock.

PMID- 6579993
TI  - Children's dental health: the past decade.

PMID- 6579994
TI  - Children's dental health 1983. The OPCS Monitor.

PMID- 6579995
TI  - Do dentists fill teeth unnecessarily?

PMID- 6579996
TI  - Orthodontic treatment in general dental practice.

PMID- 6579997
TI  - Sweet reason.

PMID- 6579998
TI  - Fluoride ingestion following APF gel application.

PMID- 6579999
TI  - Dental health of men in the Royal Navy 1978-80.

PMID- 6580000
TI  - A new biological dressing for areas denuded of mucous membrane. A preliminary
      report.

PMID- 6580001
TI  - Osteosarcoma of the maxilla.

PMID- 6580002
TI  - Manpower cuts.

PMID- 6580003
TI  - Dental treatment of the young.

PMID- 6580004
TI  - Finishing of glass-ionomer cements. The effect of finishing an anhydrous glass
      ionomer cement with various types of abrasive at various times after initial
      setting.

PMID- 6580005
TI  - Surgical repositioning of third molars.

PMID- 6580006
TI  - Detection of mercury vapour in the dental surgery. An assessment of disposable
      monitoring discs.

PMID- 6580007
TI  - Orthodontics in Finland.

PMID- 6580008
TI  - British Endodontic Society--guidelines for root canal treatment.

PMID- 6580009
TI  - Do dentists fill teeth unnecessarily?

PMID- 6580010
TI  - A simple zygomatic splint.

PMID- 6580011
TI  - Antibiotic cover for endocarditis.

PMID- 6580012
TI  - 'Jaw involvement in acute lymphoblastic anaemia'.

PMID- 6580014
TI  - Improving British orthodontic services.

PMID- 6580013
TI  - Effects of root canal irrigants.

PMID- 6580015
TI  - Orthodontic teaching.

PMID- 6580016
TI  - Undergraduate training in dentistry.

PMID- 6580017
TI  - Reducing hypersensitive gagging.

PMID- 6580018
TI  - Some social predictors of caries experience.

PMID- 6580019
TI  - Dark-field microscopy of the microflora of plaque.

PMID- 6580020
TI  - Oral hygiene instruction prior to orthodontic treatment. A preliminary study.

PMID- 6580021
TI  - Medical aid for Poland. The work of a charitable fund.

PMID- 6580022
TI  - L. D. Pankey consultant in London.

PMID- 6580023
TI  - Do we fail our elderly?

PMID- 6580024
TI  - Imbalance of manpower in oral surgery.

PMID- 6580026
TI  - Improving British orthodontic services.

PMID- 6580025
TI  - Orthodontic teaching.

PMID- 6580027
TI  - Consultant oral surgeons in the NHS.

PMID- 6580028
TI  - Do dentists fill teeth unnecessarily?

PMID- 6580029
TI  - Membership in general dental surgery.

PMID- 6580030
TI  - A single-visit treatment of septic root canals using periapically extruded
      endomethasone.

PMID- 6580031
TI  - Damage to the inferior dental nerve during or following endodontic treatment.

PMID- 6580032
TI  - Attitudes towards dental care among young people in Scotland. Implications for
      dental health education.

PMID- 6580033
TI  - Further observations on mechanisms of bone destruction by squamous carcinomas of
      the head and neck: the role of host stroma.
AB  - Mechanisms of bone invasion by squamous carcinomas of the head and neck have been
      investigated using fresh tumours and established tumour cell lines in an in vitro
      bone resorption assay with 45Ca-labelled mouse calvaria. Fresh tumours regularly
      resorb bone in vitro. Activity is consistently reduced by indomethacin. The
      tumours release E2 prostaglandins (PGE2) in amounts sufficient to account for
      approximately 50% of the bone resorption observed. Small amounts of non
      prostaglandin (indomethacin-resistant) osteolytic factors are also produced.
      Control non-neoplastic tissues show a variable capacity to resorb bone in vitro;
      PGE2 levels in these tissues may be related to their content of inflammatory
      cells. Tumour cell lines also resorb bone in vitro but, for most lines, activity
      is not significantly blocked by indomethacin and PGE2 levels are generally
      insufficient to account for the osteolysis observed. Non-prostaglandin bone
      resorbing factors thus predominate. It is concluded that most squamous cancers of
      the head and neck are osteolytic in vitro and release a mixture of prostaglandin
      and non-prostaglandin factors which stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption. These
      factors are derived from both neoplastic and stromal elements, and are "tumour
      associated" rather than "tumour-specific". In vitro bone resorption and
      prostaglandin release does not correlate with pathological features of the tumour
      or with post-operative survival.

PMID- 6580034
TI  - Non interference by heparin with the cytostatic effect of adriamycin: an in vitro
      study on a human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line.

PMID- 6580035
TI  - Esterase cytochemistry in primary myelodysplastic syndromes and megaloblastic
      anaemias: demonstration of abnormal staining patterns associated with
      dysmyelopoiesis.
AB  - Acid alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) and combined ANAE-chloroacetate
      esterase cytochemistry was performed on 121 bone marrow aspirates from primary
      myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and a secondary dysplasia-megaloblastic anaemia
      (MA). The investigation demonstrated the presence of abnormal ANAE positive
      granulocyte populations in a significant proportion of cases. These cells, in
      which the staining patterns were characterized by atypical granular ANAE
      positivity and double ANAE-chloroacetate reactions, were shown immunologically to
      lack the receptor and antigenic characteristics of monocytes and morphologically
      to be granulocytes. Isoelectric focusing, however, indicated that the atypical
      esterase cytochemistry of these granulocytes was due to the presence of markedly
      increased concentrations of ANAE isoenzymes usually found in monocytes. Atypical
      ANAE-staining granulocytes were particularly evident in MDS marrows showing
      sideroblastic erythroid changes, whilst in MA they were mainly seen in cases of
      intermediate severity. It is suggested that these cells are associated with
      dysmyelopoietic changes in both malignant and non-malignant conditions.

PMID- 6580036
TI  - In vitro culture of clonogenic leukaemic cells in acute myeloid leukaemia: growth
      pattern and drug sensitivity.
AB  - Bone marrow from 43 of 45 AML patients grew leukaemic colonies in culture with a
      technique using methyl-cellulose semi-solid medium and stimulation with PHA
      leucocyte conditioned medium. Plating efficiency was significantly greater in
      M4FAB subtypes than in M1 or M2. The presence of Auer rods in cultured cells and
      the existence of cytogenetic abnormalities in both fresh and cultured blast cells
      in one patient confirmed the leukaemic origin of these colonies. These clonogenic
      cells were closely related to the growth fraction, as demonstrated by a high
      suicide index and a linear correlation between percentage of bone marrow blasts
      in S phase and plating efficiency. In vitro CFU-L sensitivity to cytosine
      arabinoside (ARA-C) and to adriamycin (ADR) was tested in 22 patients treated
      with these two drugs. In the group sensitive in vitro to ARA-C (10 patients), 70%
      entered complete remission. In the resistant group (12 patients), only 25% had
      complete remission while 75% had resistant disease. Eight of 14 patients
      sensitive to ADR in vitro achieved complete remission, while five were resistant
      to chemotherapy. On the other hand, six of eight patients resistant in vitro were
      resistant in vivo. When drug sensitivities to ARA-C and ADR were cumulated, an
      excellent in vitro to in vivo correlation was found when the patient was
      sensitive or resistant to both drugs in vitro.

PMID- 6580037
TI  - The pendulum swings--or haven't I been here once before.
AB  - Presidential address to the British Society for the Study of Orthodontics,
      November 9th 1981. A review of the changes in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment
      in the United Kingdom over the last 35 years.

PMID- 6580038
TI  - Orthodontic treatment in the General Dental Service assessed by the Occlusal
      Index.
AB  - As with all other aspects of health care, orthodontic treatment should be
      evaluated in as objective a manner as possible. In this study, the models of a
      sample of 256 patients treated by appliance therapy in the General Dental Service
      were examined. The Occlusal Index was first refined and variability in its use
      due to articulation and measurement errors was assessed. It was then used to
      quantify occlusal status both before and after treatment, and thereby monitor
      changes brought about by treatment. The mean Occlusal Index score at the
      beginning of treatment was 9.9. At the end of treatment, the mean score had
      dropped to 5.5. There was wide variation among individual cases, but some
      reduction was found in 88 per cent of instances. In 56 per cent of cases the
      reduction ranged up to 6 units, while in 29 per cent of cases the reduction was 6
      12 units. However, in cases which started with a marked malocclusion, only about
      one-third showed a sizeable improvement. In about one-third of all cases there
      was little improvement in the malocclusion. While there is room for further
      refinement of the Occlusal Index to increase its usefulness in quantifying
      occlusal status brought about during orthodontic treatment, the present findings
      provide a basis for future comparisons.

PMID- 6580039
TI  - The effect of retention on the relapse of Class II Division 1 cases.
AB  - Sixty cases of Class II Division 1 malocclusion were studied; 30 of them had been
      retained after the completion of orthodontic treatment, the other 30 had not and
      acted as a control group. Using measurements from lateral skull radiographs and
      statistical analysis, the two groups were compared in respect of skeletal
      pattern, soft tissue, overjet, overbite and interincisal angle. Both the retained
      and the non-retained group showed a tendency to relapse after the completion of
      active treatment; a tendency to relapse even while in retention was observed. The
      relapse in overjet was found to be more significant than the relapse in overbite.
      In both groups the relapse in overjet was found to be associated with the size of
      the original overjet, the overbite at the end of active treatment and the
      interincisal angle at the end of active treatment. In both groups the relapse in
      overbite was found to be associated with the size of the original overbite, the
      change in maxillary-mandibular planes angle and the interincisal angle at the end
      of active treatment.

PMID- 6580040
TI  - The use of a buccal arch to control molar expansion.
AB  - Molar expansion is a secondary reaction to palatal root torquing forces placed in
      the anterior part of a rectangular archwire. The normal methods to counteract
      this expansion are discussed, and an additional method using a buccal arch placed
      in the molar extra-oral traction tubes is described. The method is illustrated
      with a case history, and some of the advantages of the technique are discussed.

PMID- 6580041
TI  - Orthodontics: the state of the art.
AB  - In perusing the literature of the past few months, I have read articles
      unequivocally supportive of all the philosophies and techniques in current use
      and an equal number antagonistic to the same methods. The authors are people of
      learning and ability. However, their differences vary from definitive through
      questionable, to insupportable, because their contentions are based on comparing
      opposites.

PMID- 6580042
TI  - The stabilized buccal canine retractor.

PMID- 6580043
TI  - A variation in removable appliance design for distal movement or anchorage
      reinforcement.
AB  - A modification to appliance design is described to allow total distal movement of
      the upper arch and a case report presented to illustrate its use.

PMID- 6580044
TI  - Beware the itinerant transfer case!
AB  - A case report is presented of an orthodontic patient who had been unsupervised
      for over 6 months in pre-torqued fixed appliances.

PMID- 6580045
TI  - Bioprogressive therapy: overbite reduction with the lower utility arch.
AB  - A series of patients treated with this appliance was investigated clinically and
      radiographically. True intrusion is only one factor in overbite reduction using
      the utility arch.

PMID- 6580046
TI  - Method of presurgical oral orthopaedics.

PMID- 6580047
TI  - Liposomes as a means to introduce fragment A of diphtheria toxin into cells.
AB  - The incorporation of fragment A of diphtheria toxin into liposomes is described.
      The intracellular delivery of the entrapped toxin, as evidenced by the inhibition
      of protein synthesis by a human lymphoblastoid cell line could be demonstrated
      with liposomes that contained phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylserine in
      addition to phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. Free fragment A, either alone or
      added to empty liposomes of any composition, did not affect protein synthesis,
      even when present in considerably higher concentrations than the liposome
      entrapped form.

PMID- 6580048
TI  - Fluorescence decay studies of modified dinucleoside monophosphates containing 1
      N6-ethenoadenosine.
AB  - Five dinucleoside monophosphates containing 1-N6-ethenoadenosine (epsilon A) have
      been studied using fluorescence measurements. The fluorescence spectra of these
      dinucleoside monophosphates are almost the same as the fluorescence spectrum of
      epsilon AMP. Fluorescence quantum yields of these dimers are greatly reduced
      compared to that of epsilon AMP. Intramolecular base-base interactions may be
      responsible for fluorescence quenching. It is found that the fluorescence decay
      kinetics does not obey a simple decay law but that the decay data can be well
      described as a sum of three exponentials. This implies that these dimers cannot
      be characterized as a two-state system, but can be described as systems
      consisting of three or more conformational states. Sequence effects upon the
      fluorescence behavior are observed. The fluorescence quenching and decay
      parameters of Gp epsilon A and Up epsilon A indicate a higher degree of base-base
      interaction than in their epsilon ApG and epsilon ApU counterparts.

PMID- 6580049
TI  - [Effect of arecoline on neuronal activity in the posterior hypothalamus of
      rabbits with experimental fever].
AB  - It has been found in experiments on unanesthetized rabbits that arecoline
      administered to the lateral ventricle of the brain produced an action which was
      opposite to that of leukocytic pyrogen. It inhibited the activity of individual
      neurons of the posterior hypothalamus and decreased the body temperature, with
      this decrease being attended by the signs of intensified heat emission. Arecoline
      injection coupled with the central action of PGE2 was followed by an increase in
      the neuronal activity in the posterior hypothalamus and reduction of hyperthermal
      response.

PMID- 6580050
TI  - Retinoic acid treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: in vitro and in vivo
      observations.
AB  - We describe in vitro studies and a therapeutic trial of retinoic acid (RA) in a
      patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) refractory to chemotherapy. Bone
      marrow promyelocytes from the patient, prior to RA, matured morphologically in
      liquid culture with RA (97% maturing myeloid cells compared with 26% in control
      cultures at 7 days). RA-cultured cells displayed leukocyte alkaline phosphatase
      activity and cytoplasmic maturation (by electron microscopy). Retinoic-acid
      treated cells, compared to controls, demonstrated increased functional
      maturation, with phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan (90% versus 10%) and
      production of superoxide (measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction) in
      response to phorbol ester, opsonized zymosan, or the chemotaxin F-met-leu-phe.
      There was no evidence of active proliferation in the cultures. RA-treated cells
      continued to show 15;17 chromosomal translocation after 7 days in culture. The
      patient was treated with oral 13-cis-retinoic acid (100 mg/sq m/day) for 13 days.
      During that time, the peripheral white blood count rose from 300 cu mm to 6,700
      cu mm, and the maturing myeloid cell count rose from 54 cu mm to 3,800 cu mm.
      Bone marrow maturing cells increased from 1.8% to 8.0%. Despite the increasing
      number of maturing myeloid cells, the patient died on day 13 from disseminated
      candidiasis. These data confirm that RA induces maturation of leukemic
      promyelocytes in vitro and suggest that similar maturation is achievable in vivo.
      We suggest that oral retinoic acid may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of
      APL.

PMID- 6580051
TI  - Carbohydrate antigen profiles of human erythroleukemia cell lines HEL and K562.
AB  - The expression of major carbohydrate antigens carried by polylactosaminyl chains
      in human erythroleukemia cell lines, K562 and HEL, was investigated by applying
      monoclonal antibodies recognizing specific carbohydrate determinants. The two
      cell lines showed common differences in their glycolipid compositions: (1) the
      presence of significant amounts of ganglio-series glycolipids, which are absent
      in normal erythrocytes; and (2) a remarkable reduction in the amount of globo
      series glycolipids, which are the major glycolipids in normal human erythrocytes.
      A variety of differences were also detected in the carbohydrate antigens carried
      by lacto-series glycolipids and glycoproteins having related carbohydrate chains.
      K562 cells were i+H-X+, with a minor population of I+ cells. HEL cells were I
      i+H+X-. The presence of the I+ population in K562 cells is particularly
      noteworthy, since I-antigen is characteristic of adult mature erythrocytes and is
      absent in most human leukemic cell lines. Several clones showing I+, I+/-i+/-, or
      I-i+ specificities were isolated from K562 cells by cloning in either
      methylcellulose media or limiting dilution, and I+ and I- cells were sorted by
      FACS fluorometer. HEL cells and these K562 clones provide a useful experimental
      model for studying the biologic significance and enzymatic control in expression
      of cell surface polylactosamines.

PMID- 6580052
TI  - Use of surface markers to identify a subset of acute myelomonocytic leukemia
      cells with progenitor cell properties.
AB  - The expression of differentiation-associated surface antigens was used to
      identify subsets of human acute myelomonocytic leukemia cells. The leukemic
      colony-forming cells expressed antigens characteristic of very immature myeloid
      cells (Ia, MY7), while the majority of leukemic cells also expressed an antigen
      (MY4) characteristic of later myeloid cells. The highly proliferative MY4
      negative colony-forming cells may serve as progenitor cells for the less
      proliferative MY4 + leukemic cells.

PMID- 6580053
TI  - Fluoride mouthrinsing in Cincinnati elementary schools.

PMID- 6580054
TI  - Resistance of the canine common bile duct.

PMID- 6580055
TI  - The effect of rising food costs on the occurrence of malnutrition among the poor
      in the United States: the Engels phenomenon in 1983.

PMID- 6580057
TI  - Mouth protectors for contact sports.

PMID- 6580056
TI  - Radiographic analysis of pulmonary vascular distribution: a review.

PMID- 6580058
TI  - Expansion: the decision-making process.

PMID- 6580059
TI  - Unnecessary treatment of hyperkalemia in a patient with chronic granulocytic
      leukemia.

PMID- 6580060
TI  - Acute myelogenous leukemia as a second malignant neoplasm following the
      successful treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Of 209 Hodgkin's disease patients treated at least 6 months with a five-drug
      combination of induction chemotherapy and having a complete remission, four
      patients developed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) as a second malignant
      neoplasm. The overall relative risk for development of AML is 185.0 (P less than
      0.05) and the mean time to occurrence of AML is 5.3 years (median, 5.25 years).
      When examining patient subgroups, the highest relative risk noted was 338.5 (P
      less than 0.05) for that group of patients receiving an additional 6 months of
      postinduction MOPP (nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone).
      Patients receiving only 6 months of induction BVCPP (BCNU, vinblastine,
      cyclophosphamide, procarbazine, and prednisone) had a relative risk of 166.2 (P
      less than 0.05). These data results are consistent with previous reports that
      patients treated for Hodgkin's disease are at high risk for development of AML.
      However, to date, no patients in this series have developed second malignancies
      other than AML.

PMID- 6580061
TI  - Four primary tumors in one child.
AB  - A child is described who, following surgery and irradiation for malignant choroid
      plexus papilloma at the age of 11 months, developed three further tumors: A
      benign myxofibroma of the cranium at the age of 3 1/2 years, an undifferentiated
      anaplastic tumor of his clavicle at 7 1/2 years, and a chondroblastic osteogenic
      sarcoma of his pelvis at the age of 12 years. There was no apparent genetic
      predispositions to malignancy. The latter three neoplasms may have originated
      either in, or at the edge of, the original radiotherapy field, suggesting that
      the child has a particular susceptibility to the oncogenic potential of
      radiotherapy.

PMID- 6580062
TI  - Significance of S-adenosylmethionine pools in the hypomethylation of ribosomal
      RNA during the propagation of tissue culture cells and oncogenesis.
AB  - The 5.8S rRNA of normal tissues contains a partially 2'-O-methylated uridylic
      acid residue which is methylated in the cytoplasm and undermethylated in rapidly
      growing neoplastic tissues (R. N. Nazar, T. O. Sitz, and K. D. Somers, J. Mol.
      Biol., 142: 117-121, 1980). This difference in methylation was further
      characterized by examining the effect of cell age or cell culture passage number
      on the level of methylation of 5.8S RNAs from normal and malignant cell lines and
      simultaneous changes in intracellular pools of S-adenosylmethionine and S
      adenosylhomocysteine. The results indicate that the level of methylation
      decreases continuously with cell culture passage number as the cells become
      aneuploid, transformed, or tumorigenic, but there is no direct correlation with
      the intracellular pools of S-adenosylmethionine or S-adenosylhomocysteine. In
      contrast, there is a dramatic but inverse increase in the S-adenosylmethionine:S
      adenosylhomocysteine ratio which correlates with the decreasing levels of 2'-O
      methylation. The significance of these changes in substrate levels to the
      hypomethylation of 5.8S and other RNAs during oncogenesis is discussed.

PMID- 6580063
TI  - Comparative cytotoxic and cytokinetic effects of the epipodophyllotoxins 4'
      demethylepipodophyllotoxin-9-(4,6-O-2-ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) and 4'
      demethylepipodophyllotoxin-9-(4,6-O-2-thenylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) and
      their metabolites on human leukemic lymphoblasts.
AB  - We compared the effects of the epipodophyllotoxins 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin
      9-(4,6-O-2-ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (VP-16-213) and 4'
      demethylepipodophyllotoxin-9-(4,6-O-2-thenylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (VM-26)
      and several of their derivatives on cell cycle progression and viability of human
      leukemic lymphoblasts (CCRF-CEM). The cis-(picro)-lactone derivatives, like both
      VP-16-213 and VM-26, produced G2-phase arrest and cytotoxicity, but only at
      concentrations 100 times greater than required with the parent compounds. The
      epiaglycone derivative showed potent cytotoxicity: at 100 to 250 nM, it reduced
      cloning efficiency by 50%, an effect requiring 25 to 40 nM VM-26 and 340 to 425
      nM VP-16-213. In contrast to VM-26 and VP-16-213, the epiaglycone arrested cells
      in M, consistent with evidence that it, like podophyllotoxin, is an inhibitor of
      microtubule assembly. At concentrations resulting in 50% cell kill and an
      increase of cells in M, however, the epiaglycone produced little change in the
      proportion of cells in G1 or early S phase, while podophyllotoxin produced a
      shift of cells to mid- and late S. The hydroxy acid derivatives, although found
      in detectable quantities in patients' urine and serum, were inactive in vitro.
      Structural differences among the compounds account for their different
      biochemical and cell kinetic effects and, hence, different cytotoxic activities.
      Because the epiaglycone is a potent compound and combines activities of both the
      podophyllotoxins and 4'-demethyl derivatives, further studies of its cytotoxicity
      are indicated.

PMID- 6580064
TI  - Double minute chromatin bodies and other chromosome alterations in human myeloid
      HL-60 leukemia cells susceptible or resistant to induction of differentiation by
      phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate.
AB  - An analysis of the chromosomal karyotype of the human promyelocytic HL-60
      leukemia cell line and of a number of its sublines that exhibit varying degrees
      of resistance to induction of differentiation by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate
      was conducted. The HL-60 cell line and the derived sublines contained two
      consistent marker chromosomes [9p- and t(10;13)], which suggested that they have
      a common and possibly clonal origin. HL-60 cells that are susceptible to phorbol
      12-myristate-13-acetate-induced cell differentiation contained double minute
      chromatin bodies. The sublines with different degrees of resistance showed a
      corresponding sequential reduction of double minute chromatin bodies in metaphase
      cells. This loss of double minute chromatin bodies was not associated with an
      appearance of homogeneously staining chromosomal regions. Resistant and
      susceptible HL-60 cells differed also in a number of other chromosomal
      alterations, including gains or losses involving chromosomes 5, 8, 11, 13, 16,
      and 17. Thus, it is suggested that acquisition of resistance to phorbol-12
      myristate-13-acetate-induced cell differentiation in the HL-60 cells may involve
      one or more of the above chromosomal changes.

PMID- 6580065
TI  - Isolation and characterization of gangliosides from chronic myelogenous leukemia
      cells.
AB  - Gangliosides isolated from the cells of three patients with chronic myelogenous
      leukemia (CML) were purified by Folch partitioning, diethylaminoethyl Sephadex,
      Florisil (acetylated gangliosides), and silicic acid chromatography and were
      structurally analyzed using thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography, methylation
      analysis, enzyme degradation, and high-performance liquid chromatography. With
      these methods, the major gangliosides isolated were II3-alpha-N
      acetylneuraminosyl-lactosylceramide, IV3-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl
      neolactotetraosylceramide (sialosylparagloboside), and a ganglioside with the
      following structure: NeuAc alpha 2 leads to 3(Gal beta 1 leads to 4 GlcNac beta 1
      leads to 3)2Gal beta 1 leads to 4Glc beta 1 leads to 1Cer. This ganglioside has
      previously been characterized as an "i" active compound. Like normal neutrophils,
      CML cells contain monosialogangliosides that belong to the lactosyl and neolacto
      family. However, our study shows that CML cells differed from normal neutrophils
      in that they contained less total ganglioside, and their major ganglioside
      species is II3-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-lactosylceramide. Differences between
      gangliosides of CML and acute nonlymphoblastic leukemias are discussed.

PMID- 6580066
TI  - In vitro busulfan sensitivity of granulocyte-macrophage and erythroid progenitor
      cells in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - As part of an attempt to develop and test potential in vitro measures of busulfan
      sensitivity of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in chronic phase,
      we compared the busulfan sensitivity of granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-C) and early
      erythroid progenitor cells (BFU-E) in the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood
      (PB) specimens obtained from ten normal individuals and from 13 patients with
      CML. CFU-C in the normal BM and in both the BM and PB of CML patients showed
      comparable degrees of sensitivity to busulfan. BFU-E, regardless of source,
      showed similar degrees of sensitivity to busulfan, except that normal PB BFU-E
      were less sensitive than were PB BFU-E of CML patients. CFU-C were more resistant
      to busulfan than BFU-E. The sensitivity of BM CFU-C and BFU-E of CML patients
      reflected that of PB CFU-C and BFU-E, respectively, and the sensitivity of BM and
      PB CFU-C of CML patients reflected that of BM and PB BFU-E, respectively. When
      the CML patients were ranked according to sensitivity to busulfan, the order of
      sensitivity of BM CFU-C and BFU-E paralleled that of PB CFU-C and BFU-E,
      respectively, and the order of sensitivity of BM and PB CFU-C paralleled that of
      BM and PB BFU-E, respectively. These results suggest that any of the four
      progenitor cells, BM CFU-C, BM BFU-E, PB CFU-C, and PB BFU-E, can be used to
      investigate the relative busulfan sensitivity of the hemopoietic progenitor cells
      of different CML patients.

PMID- 6580067
TI  - In vitro drug sensitivity studies of colony-forming units in culture in chronic
      myelocytic leukemia: lack of specificity between chronic-phase patients and
      normal donors.
AB  - Attempts to eliminate Philadelphia chromosome-positive cells during the treatment
      of chronic-phase chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) have been largely
      unsuccessful, probably due to the lack of specificity of drugs which have been
      used. In an attempt to develop more specific therapy for CML, an assay for colony
      forming units in culture was used to test for differences between CML blood and
      normal marrow progenitor cells. The following drugs, which have activity in acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia, were tested over a range of concentrations achievable in
      vivo: Adriamycin; 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine; aclacinomycin; m(4
      acridinylamino)-3-methoxyphenyl methansulfamide;
      methylglyoxalbis(guanylhydrazone), and 5-azacytidine. [3H]Thymidine suicide
      indices were also determined. Normal marrow colony-forming units in culture
      tended to be more sensitive to all the drugs which were tested, although not of
      statistical significance. There was no difference in the suicide index between
      CML and normal colony-forming units in culture. It is concluded that the drugs
      which were tested are not likely to selectively kill CML progenitor cells while
      permitting normal hematopoietic elements to survive.

PMID- 6580068
TI  - Phase I and clinical pharmacology studies of intravenous and oral administration
      of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin in patients with advanced cancer.
AB  - 4-Demethoxydaunorubicin (4-DMDR), an anthracycline analogue available in i.v. and
      p.o. form, has shown significant antitumor activity in murine tumor models while
      producing less cardiac toxicity than doxorubicin at equimyelotoxic doses. Phase I
      and clinical pharmacology studies of the i.v. and p.o. preparation were
      performed. With i.v. 4-DMDR, consistent myelosuppression was observed at a dose
      of 15 mg/sq m at a median Day 15; mild nausea and vomiting were observed in 9% of
      all treatment courses. In patients given p.o. 4-DMDR, myelosuppression occurred
      at median Day 14 in 10 of 12 patients given 50 mg/sq m. Nausea and vomiting
      occurred in 25% of all treatment courses, and dividing the dose over 3 days did
      not decrease the incidence. Alopecia occurred in 13% of evaluable patients
      treated with the i.v. preparation and 30% of evaluable patients treated p.o. No
      stomatitis was observed with either preparation, and no patient developed
      clinical signs of congestive heart failure. Pharmacokinetic studies were
      performed with both preparations and revealed prolonged plasma levels of the 13
      hydroxy metabolite 4-DMDR-ol. The suggested starting dose for Phase II studies is
      12.5 mg/sq m given every 21 days for i.v. 4-DMDR with dose escalation by 2.5
      mg/sq m in the absence of myelotoxicity. For p.o. 4-DMDR, the suggested starting
      dose is 40 mg/sq m given every 21 days with escalation by 10 mg/sq m if no
      myelotoxicity is observed.

PMID- 6580069
TI  - Maytansine in refractory childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia: a Pediatric
      Oncology Group study.

PMID- 6580070
TI  - Amsacrine in refractory adult acute leukemia: a pilot study of the Southeastern
      Cancer Study Group.
AB  - A phase II pilot study of amsacrine in refractory adult acute leukemia was
      conducted by the Southeastern Cancer Study Group from May 1979 to August 1980.
      Amsacrine, 90 mg/m2, was given daily for 5-8 days to 45 patients with acute
      myeloblastic leukemia, 15 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and six
      patients with blastic transformation of chronic granulocytic leukemia. Of the 66
      patients entered in the study, 59 (89%) were evaluable for response. Complete
      remissions were observed in eight of 41 evaluable patients with acute
      myeloblastic leukemia (20%) and in three of 12 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      (25%). Remissions were short-lived (median, 7.9 weeks; range, 2-27). Toxic
      effects included the expected myelosuppression (100%), as well as moderate to
      severe stomatitis (46%), hyperbilirubinemia (30%), and supraventricular
      tachycardia (1.5%). This cooperative group pilot study confirms previous reports
      from single institutions that amsacrine is a useful drug in the treatment of
      refractory adult acute leukemia and is worthy of further study.

PMID- 6580071
TI  - Phase I clinical trial of 13-cis-retinoic acid in myelodysplastic syndromes.
AB  - 13-cis-Retinoic acid (13-cRA) induces maturation and differentiation of
      neoplastic myeloid cell lines in vitro. We conducted a phase I clinical trial of
      13-cRA in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), using a single daily
      oral dose schedule. Seventeen patients with MDS and one each with acute
      nonlymphoblastic leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis were
      treated with 13-cRA at doses ranging from 20 to 125 mg/m2/day. Hepatotoxicity was
      dose-limiting and was manifested by hyperbilirubinemia and increased SGOT levels.
      This effect was seen only at the highest dose level of 125 mg/m2/day and was
      completely reversible upon cessation of the drug. Other toxic effects were mild,
      and included cheilosis, hyperkeratosis, stomatitis, and elevation of serum
      triglyceride levels. Fifteen patients with MDS were evaluable for therapeutic
      response. Five patients showed improvement in hematologic parameters. These
      responses included normalization of bone marrow blast count and increases in
      leukocyte count, platelet count, and/or hemoglobin concentration. Responses were
      generally not seen until at least 3 weeks of therapy were completed. We conclude
      that further study of 13-cRA in myelodysplastic syndromes is warranted and
      recommend that future studies utilize a starting dose of 100 mg/m2.

PMID- 6580072
TI  - SEM and electron microprobe analysis of enamel treated with two-step topical
      fluorides in vitro.

PMID- 6580073
TI  - Relation between acid dissolution and histological alteration of heated tooth
      enamel.

PMID- 6580074
TI  - Secondary ion mass spectrometry of human deciduous enamel. Distribution of Na, K,
      Mg, Sr, F and Cl.

PMID- 6580075
TI  - Effect of time and degree of saturation of buffer solutions on artificial carious
      lesion formation in human tooth enamel.

PMID- 6580076
TI  - Influence of fluoride in solution on tooth demineralization. II.
      Microradiographic data.

PMID- 6580077
TI  - Uptake and retention of alkali-soluble and alkali-insoluble fluoride in sound
      enamel in vivo after mouthrinses with 0.05% or 0.2% NaF.

PMID- 6580078
TI  - Influence of various diets administered by gastric gavage on cariogenicity of
      foods.

PMID- 6580079
TI  - Stability of Streptococcus mutans and its relationship to caries in a child
      population over 2 years.

PMID- 6580080
TI  - Calcium and phosphorus content of plaque and saliva in relation to dental caries.

PMID- 6580081
TI  - Reduced clinical effect of monofluorophosphate in the presence of sodium lauryl
      sulphate.

PMID- 6580082
TI  - Changes in caries prevalence of Isle of Lewis children between 1971 and 1981.

PMID- 6580083
TI  - Toxicology of monofluorophosphate.

PMID- 6580084
TI  - Reaction of monofluorophosphate with apatitic substrates.

PMID- 6580086
TI  - Intra-articular meniscus dysfunction.

PMID- 6580085
TI  - Interaction of monofluorophosphate with plaque and saliva.

PMID- 6580087
TI  - RELP investments--look before you leap.

PMID- 6580088
TI  - Characterization of the phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (P(Bu)2) induced binding between
      human lymphocytes.
AB  - The mechanisms, cell surface structures, and cell types involved in the phorbol
      12,13-dibutyrate (P(Bu)2)-induced binding between human lymphocytes were studied.
      Induction of cell aggregation by 20 min treatment with P(Bu)2 required Ca2+, an
      intact membrane, functional microfilaments, and the possible participation of an
      esterase or, less likely, a protease. Trypsin-sensitive cell surface structures
      were needed and neuraminidase (NANase) treatment slightly increased the
      intercellular binding. Retinoic acid, an anti-tumor promoting agent, was
      inhibitory. Calmodulin-dependent processes, microtubules, phospholipid
      methylation, intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and cellular
      secretion did not seem to be involved. Cell conjugation between 24 hr P(Bu)2
      treated and untreated cells required participation of trypsin-sensitive cell
      surface structures in each of the interacting cells and NANase treatment of one
      partner slightly increased the intercellular binding. Thymocytes, T cells, mature
      B and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells aggregated while pre-B, early B, and
      intermediate B lymphocytes derived from representative malignancies did not. The
      lack of aggregation was not due to the absence of phorbol ester receptors. It is
      concluded that the P(Bu2)-induced intercellular binding is mediated by cell
      surface proteins, depends on certain enzymatic activities and metabolic events
      and involves certain cell types.

PMID- 6580089
TI  - Desferrioxamine-mediated inhibition of heme and hemoglobin synthesis in murine
      erythroleukemia cells: expression of globin genes and commitment to erythroid
      differentiation.
AB  - The iron-chelator desferrioxamine inhibits heme accumulation and globin synthesis
      in induced murine erythroleukemia cells, suggesting that iron metabolism can
      modulate globin gene expression. However we found experimental conditions (12.5
      micrograms/ml desferrioxamine) which do not suppress hexamethylenebisacetamide
      mediated induction of globin synthesis, commitment of the cells to erythroid
      differentiation and competence for transcription of beta major globin genes, but
      prevent heme synthesis. Therefore expression of these erythroid functions might
      be independent from accumulation of heme molecules.

PMID- 6580090
TI  - [Extramedullary manifestations in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood].

PMID- 6580091
TI  - Mechanisms of escape from desmopressin in the rat.
AB  - The mechanism(s) of renal escape from the hydro-osmotic effect of vasopressin is
      unknown. We therefore studied escape in conscious, unrestrained rats receiving
      continuous intravascular infusions of 1-deamino-8-arginine-vasopressin
      (desmopressin) and hypotonic fluid over 5 days. Escape from desmopressin started
      8 hours after exposure and was characterized by a progressive increase in urine
      flow and decreases in urine osmolality and free water reabsorption. When positive
      water balance was prevented by matching the rate of infusion of hypotonic fluid
      to urine flow while maintaining the dose of desmopressin constant, escape did not
      occur. This suggested that water retention, rather than chronic exposure to
      desmopressin, mediated the escape. To elucidate the mechanism whereby water
      retention induces escape from desmopressin, urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion
      was measured and found to be increased concomitant with the onset of escape.
      Prevention of this increase in urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion with
      indomethacin resulted in additional water retention and a delay in the onset of
      escape. During the maintenance of escape, after significant water retention
      occurred, increases in mean arterial pressure, renal blood flow, and glomerular
      filtration rate were observed. Renal interstitial solute concentration remained
      constant through escape. Basal and vasopressin-stimulated collecting tubular and
      thick ascending limb adenylate cyclase did not differ when control and escape
      animals were compared. These results suggest that enhanced renal synthesis of
      prostaglandin E2 facilitates the early phase of escape; later, water retention
      results in plasma volume expansion with increases in cardiac index, arterial
      pressure, renal blood flow, and glomerular filtration rate. These systemic and
      renal hemodynamic alterations may be important in maintaining escape from
      desmopressin.

PMID- 6580092
TI  - Extended wear contact lenses in pediatric ophthalmology.

PMID- 6580093
TI  - Extended wear of Softcon Vifilcon A lenses by aphakic patients: a two-year study.

PMID- 6580094
TI  - Effect of hydrocortisone on the in vitro human antibody response: interaction
      with monocytes and prostaglandins.
AB  - The specific plaque-forming cell response induced by trinitrophenyl
      polyacrylamide beads in cultures of nonadherent human peripheral blood
      mononuclear cells (PBM) is resistant to the inhibitory effect of hydrocortisone
      (HC). Previous results showed that low concentrations (up to 10(-7 M) of HC
      inhibit the same response in cultures of unfractionated human PBM. It is shown
      that the addition of 5-10% monocytes to nonadherent PBM renders their response HC
      sensitive. One mechanism of the interaction between HC and monocytes is the
      potentiation of prostaglandin E2-mediated suppression by HC, which can be
      demonstrated in vitro and after in vivo administration of HC. However,
      interaction with a non-prostaglandin-mediated suppression by monocytes should be
      involved, particularly with high (10(-6) M) concentrations of HC.

PMID- 6580095
TI  - Aneurysmal bone cyst of the first metatarsal bone mimicking malignant tumor.
AB  - The clinical results of roentgenographic examination in an eight-year-old girl
      with a large tumor in the first metatarsus suggested malignancy. The definitive
      pathologic diagnosis was atypical aneurysmal bone cyst. Massive bone grafting and
      preservation of the surrounding joints were successful, and a functional foot was
      obtained two years after operation.

PMID- 6580096
TI  - Radiogallium imaging in primary renal candidiasis.

PMID- 6580097
TI  - Inhibition of first-pass metabolism in cancer chemotherapy: interaction of 6
      mercaptopurine and allopurinol.
AB  - Earlier studies suggested that the dose of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) can be reduced
      substantially when the drug is given with allopurinol. We studied the effect of
      allopurinol on the kinetics of oral and intravenous 6-MP. Studies conducted
      initially in rhesus monkeys and subsequently in man with 6-MP doses of 100 mg/m2
      and 75 mg/m2, demonstrated that allopurinol pretreatment resulted in a nearly
      400% increase in peak plasma concentration of oral 6-MP in monkeys (from a mean
      of 0.54 microM to a mean of 2.1 microM) and a 500% increase in man (0.74 microM
      to 3.7 microM). Allopurinol pretreatment also led to a 300% increase in plasma
      AUC in monkeys after oral 6-MP (from a mean of 121 microM/min to a mean of 391
      microM/min) and a 500% increase in AUC in man (from a mean of 142 microM/min to a
      mean of 716 microM/min). In contrast, allopurinol pretreatment had no effect on
      the kinetics of intravenous 6-MP. This difference was found to be due to
      inhibition of first-pass metabolism of oral 6-MP as the result of the action of
      allopurinol on liver or intestinal xanthine oxidase. Our results indicate that,
      although dose reduction of oral 6-MP given in conjunction with allopurinol is
      appropriate, it is not necessary when 6-MP is injected intravenously.

PMID- 6580098
TI  - Xanthine dehydrogenase activity in the clawed frog, Xenopus laevis.
AB  - Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH; EC 1.2.1.37) activity in the clawed frog, Xenopus
      laevis, was detected in kidney tissue homogenates, but not in skin, liver,
      ovaries or gut tissues. The enzyme migrated as a single band of activity on both
      polyacrylamide and starch gel electropherograms, exhibited substrate inhibition,
      and did not appear developmentally until feeding larval stages. The tissue
      specificity, post-fertilization stage of appearance and single isozymic form make
      this a useful enzyme marker for further study concerning its developmental
      appearance and maintenance as a kidney-specific protein.

PMID- 6580099
TI  - The adult way to wean from mechanical ventilation.

PMID- 6580100
TI  - [Salivary hexose levels after oral glucose loading in subjects with varying
      incidence of dental caries].

PMID- 6580101
TI  - [Toxicity studies on selected iodopolymers used in dental treatment].

PMID- 6580102
TI  - [Blood picture in chronic periapical tissue inflammation of the milk teeth in
      children].

PMID- 6580103
TI  - [Evaluation of oral health state in workers of the Iskra ball bearings factory in
      Kielce].

PMID- 6580104
TI  - [Clinical and bacteriological assessment of the therapeutic effectiveness of
      Davercin Polfa in the treatment of periodontal inflammatory conditions].

PMID- 6580105
TI  - [Various problems of maxillary resection related to subsequent prosthetic
      treatment].

PMID- 6580106
TI  - [The necessity of orthodontic treatment of children 13-14 years old in light of
      epidemiological data obtained in international studies on the dental health care
      system in Poland].

PMID- 6580107
TI  - [The difficult problems of modern fluoride prevention of dental caries. 3.
      Fluorides and enamel changes].

PMID- 6580108
TI  - [Free gingival grafts in the opinion of surgically treated patients and the
      physicians treating them].

PMID- 6580109
TI  - [Interrelations between professional motivation for oral hygiene maintenance and
      the condition of the masticatory system].

PMID- 6580110
TI  - [Secondary abnormalities in the position of teeth in adults with periodontal
      disorders and the possibility of their correction in light of personal studies].

PMID- 6580111
TI  - [Ionoselective fluoride electrode in dental studies].

PMID- 6580112
TI  - [Comparative analysis of the results of different operative methods in treating
      35 cases of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6580113
TI  - [Clinical analysis of 113 cases of inter-maxillary contracture].

PMID- 6580114
TI  - [Survey and analysis of maxillofacial forms and dental arches in normal youths].

PMID- 6580115
TI  - [Mottled enamel caused by the polluted air due to burning coal in the room].

PMID- 6580116
TI  - [Determination of immunologic functions in patients with recurrent aphthae and
      their treatment].

PMID- 6580117
TI  - [Maxillary central incisor root changes before and after orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6580118
TI  - [Further analysis of dental caries in Chinese people].

PMID- 6580119
TI  - [Mao Xiejun's classification of malocclusion].

PMID- 6580120
TI  - [Pathological significance of cuticular changes in oral leukoplakia].

PMID- 6580121
TI  - [Use of total and tunnel forehead flaps in reconstruction of defects after
      resection of oral and maxillofacial tumor].

PMID- 6580122
TI  - [Enhancement of macrophage function in recurrent aphthae with interferon
      inducers: polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid].

PMID- 6580123
TI  - [Postoperative radiographic observations on the syndrome of temporomandibular
      joint dysfunction].

PMID- 6580124
TI  - [Intra-arterial chemotherapy for malignant tumor of the oral and maxillofacial
      regions---an evaluation of its therapeutic effect in 500 cases].

PMID- 6580125
TI  - [Report of 55 cases of free forearm flap transplantation for the repair of
      maxillofacial defects].

PMID- 6580126
TI  - [Comparison of SIgA of patients with recurrent aphthae and normal persons].

PMID- 6580127
TI  - [Odontogenic keratocyst---report of 120 cases].

PMID- 6580128
TI  - [Preliminary report on combined cranio-maxillo-facial resection].

PMID- 6580129
TI  - [Clinical analysis of 49 cases of erythroleukemia].

PMID- 6580130
TI  - [Relation of the nitrate reductase activity of xanthine oxidase to the oxidase
      and dehydrogenase forms of the enzyme].

PMID- 6580131
TI  - Treatment of bulimia.
AB  - Bulimia (bulimia nervosa; binge eating) is characterized by episodic eating of
      large amounts of food, followed by self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse.
      Psychotherapy has been the mainstay of treatment and often has been unsuccessful.
      The similarity of bulimia to major depression has led to evaluation of
      antidepressant drugs for treatment of the disease. Imipramine has proven
      effective in reducing binging episodes, and further evaluation of antidepressants
      seems warranted. Phenytoin also has been effective in some cases, suggesting that
      bulimia may be a neurologic disorder analogous to epilepsy. Optimal treatment may
      be antidepressants combined with a nutrition/psychotherapy program.

PMID- 6580133
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic studies of the microbial plaque of severely
      destroyed deciduous anterior teeth].

PMID- 6580132
TI  - [Caries and periodontitis prevalence among the mountain tribes of northern
      Thailand].

PMID- 6580134
TI  - [Relation between the microflora of periodontal pockets and the appearance of
      polymorphonuclear granulocytes. A microscopic study].

PMID- 6580135
TI  - [Effect of diphosphonate on inflammatory-resorptive horizontal bone destruction-
      an animal model].

PMID- 6580136
TI  - [Immune components of plaque as etiological factors in marginal
      periodontopathies].

PMID- 6580137
TI  - [Juvenile periodontitis--a specific infection?].

PMID- 6580139
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy studies on the pattern and structure of enamel
      prisms in the area of the neonatal line].

PMID- 6580138
TI  - [Effect of a water jet apparatus on gingival volumetric pulse. 4].

PMID- 6580140
TI  - [Quantitative determination of the effect of fluoride on the mechanical and
      chemical properties of the dental enamel].

PMID- 6580141
TI  - [Effect of plaque on the uptake and loss of loosely bound fluoride from the
      enamel].

PMID- 6580143
TI  - [Appearance of caries on exposed root surfaces. Is there a relation to the
      incidence of coronal caries?].

PMID- 6580142
TI  - [Effect of different types of bacteria and saccharose concentrations on the
      incidence of caries in gnotobiotic rats].

PMID- 6580144
TI  - [Plaque and caries].

PMID- 6580145
TI  - [Functional disorders and jaw position in patients with a partial denture].

PMID- 6580146
TI  - [Partial dentures].

PMID- 6580147
TI  - [Experimental study on the mechanical properties of precision connectors].

PMID- 6580148
TI  - [Follow-up studies of partial prostheses using K. H. Korber's conical crowns].

PMID- 6580149
TI  - [Comparative methods of pocket therapy in a clinical comparison].

PMID- 6580150
TI  - A comparison of various surgical methods for the treatment of periodontal
      disease.

PMID- 6580151
TI  - Treatment methods and repair potential of intrabony defects.

PMID- 6580152
TI  - [Kinetics of fluoride uptake and release from different chemical binding types in
      tooth models].

PMID- 6580153
TI  - [Comparative studies of the effectiveness of amine fluoride on enamel surfaces].

PMID- 6580154
TI  - [In vivo reactions on enamel surfaces after fluoride application].

PMID- 6580155
TI  - Enamel remineralization using an amine-fluoride containing tooth paste--a pilot
      study in vivo.

PMID- 6580156
TI  - [Development of amine fluoride and its use in caries prevention].

PMID- 6580157
TI  - [Mechanism of the protracted effect of amine fluoride].

PMID- 6580158
TI  - [Effect of amine fluoride and sodium fluoride on the germs of plaque flora].

PMID- 6580159
TI  - [Effect of different fluoride and chloride compounds on the ATP content of
      Streptococcus mutans].

PMID- 6580160
TI  - [Plaque inhibition by amine fluoride].

PMID- 6580161
TI  - [Value of fluoride intake with food. Studies of its bioavailability].

PMID- 6580162
TI  - [Bioavailability of fluoride after local use].

PMID- 6580163
TI  - [Experiences with the Swiss system of caries prevention].

PMID- 6580164
TI  - [Efficiency of fluoride dosage forms: solutions and gels].

PMID- 6580165
TI  - [Chemistry and surface effects of amine fluoride].

PMID- 6580166
TI  - Effect of asbestos on the metabolism of vasoactive substances in isolated
      perfused guinea pig lungs.
AB  - The measurement of pulmonary metabolism of three vasoactive substances and
      quantitative assessment of changes in lung morphology were performed in a long
      term study of asbestos-exposed guinea pigs. Animals received intratracheal
      injections of a single dose of a sterile suspension of Canadian chrysotile B (5
      mg), while control animals received only saline. Six months after the treatment,
      the guinea pigs were sacrificed, the lungs removed, perfused via the pulmonary
      artery and the metabolism of vasoactive substances was assessed (in vitro) in a
      cascade superfusion system. At the end of the experiments, the lungs were fixed
      in a glutaraldehyde solution for microscopic examination. The tissue response
      consisted of both inflammatory reaction of terminal and respiratory bronchioles
      and diffuse alveolar septal infiltration with interstitial fibrosis. The reaction
      was characterized at six months by a progressive bronchiolitis obliterans with
      fibroblastic proliferation and collagen formation. The development of the disease
      did not cause significant changes in the metabolism of acetylcholine and
      bradykinin. However, the metabolism of prostaglandin E2 decreased with the
      appearance of the bronchiolitis obliterans. Our results showed that asbestos
      exposure may produce early biochemical changes resulting in altered lung
      metabolism of vasoactive substances; these modifications could contribute to the
      pathogenesis of asbestosis.

PMID- 6580167
TI  - Biochemical components of bronchoalveolar lavage in early experimental asbestosis
      of the sheep: phospholipase A2 activity, prostaglandin E2 and proteins.
AB  - Biochemical analyses of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) supernatants of sheep
      treated with weekly intratracheal instillations (for 6 months) of saline, 2 mg,
      or 128 mg of asbestos (chrysotile B; UICC) were performed. Our results showed
      that proteins (either total or its various components) and phospholipase A2
      activity were unchanged in the low exposure group as compared to controls.
      However, in the high exposure group, with histopathological evidence of early
      asbestosis, there were significant increases in total proteins, albumin, alpha 2
      globulin, beta- and gamma-globulins as well as phospholipase A2 activity of BAL
      fluid. Prostaglandin E2 activity was significantly increased in both low and high
      dose groups. These changes in protein and lipid components of BAL following
      asbestos exposure constitute early indices of lung inflammatory reactions which
      may contribute to the development of asbestosis.

PMID- 6580168
TI  - Synchrony of gene expression and the differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells:
      reversion from constitutive to inducible protein synthesis.
AB  - There are mutant myeloid leukemic cells that cannot be induced to differentiate
      in serum-free culture medium, or medium with calf serum by the macrophage and
      granulocyte differentiation-inducing protein (MGI-2) that induces differentiation
      in normal myeloid cells. These mutants can be induced to differentiate by MGI-2
      in medium with mouse serum. The mechanism of this induction of differentiation
      has been analysed by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to study changes
      in the synthesis of cytoplasmic proteins. In calf serum, 46 of the protein
      changes that were induced by MGI-2 in normally differentiating cells were
      constitutive in the differentiation-defective mutant cells. Treatment with mouse
      serum reverted 13 of these proteins from the constitutive to the non-constitutive
      state. This reversion was associated with a gain of inducibility for various
      differentiation-associated properties, so that 23 proteins were induced by MGI-2
      for the same type of change as in normal differentiation. A normal developmental
      program requires synchrony of gene expression. The existence of constitutive
      instead of inducible gene expression can produce asynchrony in this program and
      thus produce blocks in differentiation. The results indicate that it is possible
      to treat these mutant cells so as to induce the reversion of specific proteins
      from the constitutive to the non-constitutive state, and that this can then
      restore the synchrony required for induction of differentiation. It is suggested
      that this mechanism may also allow induction of differentiation in other types of
      differentiation-defective cells.

PMID- 6580170
TI  - Antitumor effect of human leukocyte interferon on human osteosarcoma transplanted
      into nude mice.
AB  - We studied the effect of human leukocyte interferon (HuIFN-alpha) on a human
      osteosarcoma (OS-OH) transplanted and passed serially in athymic mice. The growth
      of OS-OH was strikingly inhibited by HuIFN-alpha (50,000 IU/mouse), regardless of
      whether the interferon treatment was initiated 24 hr after tumor inoculation or 2
      weeks later, when tumors had grown to an appreciable size (4-6 mm). The antitumor
      effect of HuIFN-alpha was found to be dose-dependent and a daily administration
      of HuIFN-alpha (50,000 IU/mouse) all but completely arrested the tumor growth.

PMID- 6580169
TI  - Genetic heterogeneity of the ichthyosis, hypogonadism, mental retardation, and
      epilepsy syndrome. Clinical and biochemical investigations on two patients with
      Rud syndrome and review of the literature.
AB  - Major diagnostic criteria for the Rud syndrome are ichthyosis, hypogonadism,
      mental retardation, and epilepsy. Two unrelated patients are presented and
      compared with 28 reported cases. Genetical heterogeneity of the Rud syndrome is
      suggested by differences in clinical features, histological and endocrinological
      findings, steroid sulfatase activity, and modes of inheritance.

PMID- 6580171
TI  - Thrombohaemorrhagic complications in 101 cases of myeloproliferative disorders:
      relationship to platelet number and function.
AB  - A series of 101 consecutive patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders
      including polycythaemia vera, chronic myelogenous leukaemia, idiopathic
      myelofibrosis and essential thrombocythaemia have been studied. The aim was to
      establish the incidence of thrombotic and haemorrhagic complications and the
      possible role played by platelet number and function. The total incidence of
      haemostatic complications was 21% and the platelet functional tests investigated
      (platelet aggregation, generation of malondialdehyde, endogenous serotonin, beta
      thromboglobulin and platelet coagulant activity) were of little help for
      predicting these clinical complications.

PMID- 6580172
TI  - Tumor growth stimulation in vitro by interferons.
AB  - Interferons (IFNs) are a family of polypeptides originally identified as
      antiviral substances. Subsequently, other properties of interferons were
      recognized, including inhibition of cell proliferation, and effects on the immune
      response and on expression of surface antigens. In this paper we present evidence
      that interferons, even the highly purified cloned IFNs, can stimulate clonogenic
      tumor growth in vitro. Of 225 human tumor (HT) samples tested with IFN in a
      clonogenic assay (HTCA), 30 (13.3%) showed growth stimulation (greater than 2
      S.E. above control). The phenomenon was observed most frequently with acute
      myeloid leukemia (6/22 samples, 27.3%), and renal (2/10, 20%) and breast cancer
      (4/21, 19%), but significantly less frequent in melanomas (2/34, 5.9%). As an
      independent assessment of proliferation, tritiated thymidine uptake by tumor
      cells was measured autoradiographically in 21 patients with multiple myeloma. A
      significant increase of the thymidine labeling index was seen in 4 (19%) of the
      samples. Since this growth stimulatory effect was also observed with cell lines
      which lack any contaminating immunoreactive cells, there is strong evidence that
      interferons can directly stimulate the proliferation of clonogenic tumor cells in
      vitro. Growth stimulation by interferons occurred preferentially with lower
      dosages. It is important to be cognizant of potential clinical implications of
      tumor growth stimulation by interferons.

PMID- 6580173
TI  - Effect of opiates on human colonic adenylate cyclase activity.
AB  - To elucidate a possible mechanism whereby opiates affect human intestinal fluid
      secretion, opiate effects on human basal and stimulated colonic adenylate cyclase
      activity were determined. Morphine (10 microM) and naloxone (1 microM) did not
      affect basal colonic adenylate cyclase activity: 32.6 +/- 2.6 (n = 23; X +/-
      S.E.) pmol cAMP/mg protein per 10 min or its stimulation induced by sodium
      fluoride or VIP. However, morphine inhibited the stimulation induced by
      prostaglandin E2, an effect which was blocked by naloxone. Synthetic enkephalins
      and metabolically stable retro inverso enkephalins also prevented PGE2-induced
      stimulation of colonic adenylate cyclase activity. The addition of calcium (0.1
      mM) decreased the basal and PGE2-stimulated enzyme activities by 35% and 50%,
      respectively, regardless of the presence or absence of morphine. These results
      suggest that morphine and synthetic enkephalins do not affect basal human colonic
      adenylate cyclase activity but inhibit its stimulation induced by PGE2. This
      effect may be one of the mechanisms whereby opiates affect intestinal fluid
      transport.

PMID- 6580174
TI  - Nutritional adequacy, nutrient availability and needs. Nestle Nutrition Research
      Symposium, Vevey, September 14-15, 1982.

PMID- 6580175
TI  - Energy/protein interrelation in experimental food restriction.
AB  - The effects of restriction of energy and/or protein intake were studied in rats
      during pregnancy and lactation and in adult mice. Three approaches were employed:
      sucrose stimulus-induced reduction in the intake of an adequate diet given
      simultaneously; restriction of intake of a complete food by 30% of ad libitum
      levels and selective protein or energy restriction of a high protein diet and a
      non-protein diet. Casein or lactalbumin was the protein source. During lactation
      the rat's natural food intake regulatory mechanism prevailed over the sucrose
      stimulus. Restricted intake of the complete food and selective restriction of
      protein or energy, variably influenced gestational and lactational performance
      and weight of young at weaning. A distinct regulation in the intake of protein
      and energy during pregnancy and lactation was observed on selective energy or
      protein restriction. Restricted feeding of the composite diet starting in the
      second year of life, to mice previously ad libitum fed a lab chow of constant
      composition, promoted the highest survival rate.

PMID- 6580176
TI  - Vitamin A-deficiency impairs the normal mannosylation, conformation and
      iodination of thyroglobulin: a new etiological approach to endemic goitre.
AB  - This study was undertaken in order to validate the hypothesis that vitamin A
      deficiency alters the structure of thyroglobulin (Tg). For that purpose, four
      groups of 20 Sprague-Dawley rats were submitted during two months to varying
      dietary conditions, namely a control diet (C+), a vitamin A-deficient diet (A-),
      an iodine-deficient diet (I-) and a diet characterized by the association of both
      deficiencies (A-I-). Both the conventional parameters of thyroid function, the
      intracellular steps of Tg glycosylation and iodination were analyzed. In the A-
      and A-I- groups, blood levels of retinol fell to one tenth of the control mean
      and circulating concentrations of total and free T4 and T3 increased
      significantly. This biochemical hyperthyroidism contrasted with the maintenance
      of normal TSH plasma values, suggesting a generalized peripheral refractoriness
      to thyroid hormones. In both A- and A-I- groups, thyroid cytosol 3H-RPM (retinyl
      phosphate-mannose) and 3H-mannose incorporation into the core of the 12S-Tg and
      19S-Tg species were reduced by 40-50%. In contrast, cytosolic concentrations of
      3H-DPM (dolichyl-phosphate-mannose) rose, suggesting that the N-glycosylation
      pathways are affected in opposite direction. The sedimentation coefficient in
      sucrose gradient of the purified dimeric 125I-19S-Tg after guanidine 6M and
      dithiothreitol denaturation showed that most of the A- Tg molecules were
      transformed into monomeric 12S species, implying alterations of both noncovalent
      and covalent bonds. Finally, the radiochromatogram of 125I-iodothyronines
      recovered after Tg pronase digestion revealed a significant increase in the mono-
      (MIT) and diiodothyronine (DIT) fractions in contrast with a significant decrease
      in the T3 and T4 hormonal compounds. These findings are consistent with the view
      that vitamin A-depletion impairs the endogenous RPM synthesis and, therefore, the
      normal Tg 0-mannosylation. The growing peptide is characterized by steric
      hindrance, leading to abnormal closure of disulphide bonds, reduced MIT-DIT
      coupling reactions and depressed generation of physiologically active thyroid
      hormones. pure iodine deficit (I-) induces no effects on the above-mentioned
      glycosylation reactions, but iodine shortage superimposed on preexisting vitamin
      A-deficit (A-I-) aggravates the Tg dysmaturation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400
      WORDS)

PMID- 6580178
TI  - Nutritional adequacy, nutrient availability and needs. General remarks--some
      personal reflections.

PMID- 6580177
TI  - Public health/clinical significance of inorganic chemical elements.
AB  - Food tables documenting the concentration of various nutrients in individual
      foods do not provide satisfactory information on the contribution of essential
      inorganic trace elements by prepared meals. Only direct analysis of the actual
      food consumed during a 24-hour period can give an accurate estimate of the
      dietary intake. Employing the duplicate portion technique, we have analysed the
      concentration of a number of inorganic chemical elements in 882 dietary samples
      from various population groups in Sweden. The intake of several elements
      including potassium, magnesium, zinc, copper and selenium, in the normal mixed
      diets is low when compared with recommended dietary allowances (RDA). Vegetarian
      diets are richer in these elements than ordinary non-vegetarian diets. Plasma
      levels of trace elements are often poor indicators of body status. A clinical
      follow-up of a group of pensioners in Dalby, Sweden, for a period of 10-12 years
      has not indicated any specific signs or symptoms of trace element deficiencies.
      Vulnerable groups, namely, children, pregnant women, alcoholics and the elderly,
      may, however, be more susceptible than the population in general to marginal
      deficiencies resulting from normal everyday consumption of Western diets.

PMID- 6580179
TI  - Energy expenditure and whole body protein synthesis in very low birth weight
      (VLBW) infants.
AB  - To examine the rates of whole body protein synthesis and energy expenditure
      during the rapid growing period, premature infants of very low birth weight
      (VLBW) (less than 1500 g), appropriate for gestational age were kept under
      standard thermoneutrality conditions and received a formula diet providing 110
      kcal/kg.d metabolisable energy (ME) and 3.3 g protein/kg.d. Their energy
      expenditure was measured by open circuit indirect calorimetry. Nitrogen turnover
      and whole body protein synthesis and catabolism were determined using repeated
      oral administration of 15N-glycine for 60-72 h followed by the analysis of 15N
      enrichment in urinary urea. These VLBW infants grew at an average rate of 15
      g/kg.d. About half of the ME intake (i.e. 50 kcal/kg.d) was invested in weight
      gain while the remainder (i.e. 60 kcal/kg.d) was oxidised. The energy equivalent
      of the weight gain (i.e. the amount of energy stored per g weight gain) and the N
      balance indicated that lean tissue made up approximately 2/3 of the weight gained
      and fat tissue the remaining 1/3. The plateau value for 15N enrichment reached on
      the third day of administration allowed us to calculate a rate of protein
      synthesis of 14 g/kg.d and protein breakdown of 12 g/kg.d in five VLBW fed a
      formula diet. The elevated energy expenditure of the very low birth weight infant
      seems to be related to its rapid rate of weight gain which is accompanied by a
      high rate of body protein synthesis. More than 20% of the total energy
      expenditure of the VLBW infants was accounted for by whole body protein
      synthesis.

PMID- 6580180
TI  - [The use of antibiotics in dento-alveolar surgery].

PMID- 6580181
TI  - [Correction of deep bite by osteotomy of the upper and lower jaw performed in a
      single session].

PMID- 6580182
TI  - [Experience with the Ricketts method].

PMID- 6580183
TI  - [Crown measurements of the lower incisors and distance between crown surfaces and
      pulp chamber].

PMID- 6580184
TI  - [Eosinophils granuloma in the mandibular region. Case report].

PMID- 6580185
TI  - [Calcifying odontogenic cyst. (Gorlin cyst)].

PMID- 6580186
TI  - [Changes and results in postgraduate dental education in Hungary].

PMID- 6580187
TI  - [Effect of filling materials on the gingiva and plaque formation (review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 6580188
TI  - [Comparative clinical and experimental studies on the anesthetics on Ultracaine D
      S and Ultracaine D-S forte].

PMID- 6580189
TI  - [Prosthetic rehabilitation after maxillary resection with special reference to
      the determination of centric occlusion and occlusal relations].

PMID- 6580190
TI  - [Cheilitis glandularis simplex].

PMID- 6580191
TI  - [Regulation of prostaglandin F2alpha release from the pseudopregnant rabbit
      uterus in luteolysis].
AB  - In previous experiments it was found that PGF2 alpha originating from the uterine
      endometrium plays a physiologically important role in corpus luteum regression.
      The present study was undertaken to investigate the regulation of PGF2 alpha
      release from the uterus in luteolysis. The effect of ovariectomy on PGF2 alpha
      release was examined. Bilateral ovariectomy was performed on day 14 of
      pseudopregnancy. PGF2 alpha urinary metabolite excretion was almost constant from
      day 15 to 22, although a significant increase of PGF2 alpha UM excretion could be
      seen in the control rabbits. Ovariectomy was performed on day 17. Levels of PGF2
      alpha UM excretion increased from day 15 to 17, however, an abrupt decrease
      occurred after ovariectomy. This indicates that the ovaries are necessary for
      PGF2 alpha release from the uterus. The effect of steroids on PGF2 alpha release
      was examined. No significant increase in PGF2 alpha UM excretion could be seen in
      the ovariectomized pseudopregnant rabbits by the administration of estradiol
      and/or progesterone, although they are reported to be involved in other species.
      The effect of the ligation of the vessels between the uterus and ovaries on PGF2
      alpha release was investigated. The ligation was performed on day 9. No increase
      in the production of PGF2 alpha occurred after ligation. Luteal life span was
      prolonged by 6 days. Endometrial perifusion was carried out to investigate PGF2
      alpha production activity on day 18 of the pseudo-pregnant rabbits after the
      ligation of the vessels between the uterus and ovaries. PGF2 alpha production
      activity in the treated rabbits was lower than in the controls. These results
      indicate that a non-steroidal regulator may regulate PGF2 alpha release via the
      circulation of the uterus and ovaries in the pseudopregnant rabbit.

PMID- 6580192
TI  - How to move a problem patient out of your practice.

PMID- 6580193
TI  - Pension plan investing. Part 2: The time for growth is over. Now is the time for
      income.

PMID- 6580194
TI  - Choices to cut professional stress.

PMID- 6580195
TI  - The payoffs in prepaid dentistry.

PMID- 6580196
TI  - Make prevention your best practice builder.

PMID- 6580197
TI  - How to use the yellow pages to attract new patients.

PMID- 6580198
TI  - Build your practice with a patient newsletter.

PMID- 6580199
TI  - Drugs in dentistry: analgesics.

PMID- 6580201
TI  - US technicians greet the Orient.

PMID- 6580200
TI  - The law in Kentucky: pay up or close down.

PMID- 6580202
TI  - Dental technology and the law - are you vulnerable?

PMID- 6580204
TI  - Promote success by promoting your lab.

PMID- 6580203
TI  - Dental alloys compared.

PMID- 6580205
TI  - What technicians want to tell the boss.

PMID- 6580206
TI  - The "you" in your first case presentation.

PMID- 6580207
TI  - Through the looking glass.

PMID- 6580208
TI  - The ins and outs of phone referral services.

PMID- 6580209
TI  - Guide to building a better table clinic.

PMID- 6580210
TI  - Marriage of dental school labs and industry.

PMID- 6580211
TI  - Emergencies: no time for lectures.

PMID- 6580212
TI  - Dental advertising requires care and good judgment.

PMID- 6580213
TI  - Ways to appraise your staff.

PMID- 6580214
TI  - Coronal root canal preparation.

PMID- 6580215
TI  - Sears, where America shops for...a dentist?

PMID- 6580216
TI  - Directions to money sources for your first practice.

PMID- 6580217
TI  - Weighing employment versus independent contracting.

PMID- 6580218
TI  - Beating the odds: woman dentist builds practice in Manhattan. Interview by David
      Denton.

PMID- 6580219
TI  - Graduate letters of inquiry--they can make a difference.

PMID- 6580221
TI  - Restrictive covenants: what you should know about them.

PMID- 6580220
TI  - The price tag of fear.

PMID- 6580222
TI  - First impressions make lasting patients.

PMID- 6580223
TI  - New patients: critical to beginning practice.

PMID- 6580224
TI  - Equipping your first office.

PMID- 6580226
TI  - Advertising: should nice dentists do it?

PMID- 6580225
TI  - Scare prevention: when dentistry had bite.

PMID- 6580227
TI  - Role of expanded dental auxiliaries.

PMID- 6580228
TI  - Setting salaries for your staff.

PMID- 6580230
TI  - Three tiers for dentistry. Interview by David Denton.

PMID- 6580231
TI  - Education: are we missing something?

PMID- 6580229
TI  - Surviving in the year 2000.

PMID- 6580233
TI  - Cooperative case planning.

PMID- 6580232
TI  - Student loans: good news and bad news.

PMID- 6580234
TI  - New concepts in continuing education.

PMID- 6580235
TI  - A new generation of dentists.

PMID- 6580236
TI  - Are license exams best for students?

PMID- 6580237
TI  - Students provide care for remote islanders.

PMID- 6580238
TI  - An ounce of prevention worth pound of amalgam.

PMID- 6580239
TI  - Three-tier dentistry: is it a realistic view?

PMID- 6580240
TI  - [The enzyme arylsulfatase C and steroid sulfatase as biochemical markers and
      pathogenetic factors in X-chromosome recessively inherited ichthyosis].

PMID- 6580241
TI  - Office condominiums. Could one be in your future?

PMID- 6580242
TI  - More dentists in higher income brackets.

PMID- 6580243
TI  - Scheduling update.

PMID- 6580244
TI  - What is CCTV all about?

PMID- 6580245
TI  - The Ozymandias syndrome. Don't let your empire crumble in desert sands.

PMID- 6580246
TI  - Is bigger better?

PMID- 6580248
TI  - Surveys and the prediction of dental treatment.

PMID- 6580247
TI  - Practices suffered growing pains.

PMID- 6580249
TI  - Photography 2. Close-ups: principles and equipment.

PMID- 6580250
TI  - Four-handed dentistry. 3. Endodontics.

PMID- 6580251
TI  - Soft tissue lesions in children: 2. Inflammation and infection.

PMID- 6580252
TI  - Increased efficiency of weight gain and altered cellularity of brown adipose
      tissue in rats with impaired glucose tolerance during diet-induced overfeeding.
AB  - We examined the relationship among glucose tolerance, efficiency of weight gain,
      and cellularity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in rats (initial weight: 362 +/- 1
      g) made hyperphagic and obese by feeding on a highly palatable "cafeteria" (CAF)
      diet for 4-8 wk. As compared with chow-fed controls, CAF feeding resulted in a 45
      60% increase in caloric intake (P less than 0.01), a 40-50% increase in weight
      gain (P less than 0.01), and hyperinsulinemia. Glucose disposal rate (K) on
      intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was greater than or equal to 1.4% in
      all chow-fed rats, but fell to less than or equal to 1.3 in 10 of 23 CAF-fed
      rats. As compared with the chow-fed controls, rats with normal glucose tolerance
      demonstrated a 12% decline in efficiency of weight gain (g/100 kcal of food
      consumed) in response to CAF feeding (P less than 0.05). In marked contrast, in
      rats with impaired glucose tolerance, efficiency of weight gain failed to decline
      in response to overfeeding and was 18% higher than in the overfed group with
      normal glucose tolerance (P less than 0.01). Although CAF feeding increased the
      mass of interscapular BAT by 110-130% in rats with normal as well as impaired
      glucose tolerance, DNA content of BAT rose only in the normal-K CAF-fed rats
      (0.19 +/- 0.01 mg DNA/100 mg versus 0.12 +/- 0.02 in chow-fed controls and 0.12
      +/- 0.01 in low-K rats).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6580253
TI  - The effects of lead exposure on urban children: the Institute of Child
      Health/Southampton Study.
AB  - A study of the associations between level of tooth lead, behaviour, intelligence
      and a variety of other psychological skills was carried out in the child
      population aged six to seven years in three London boroughs. Tooth lead was
      estimated from the chemical analysis of shed teeth donated by children. 2663
      (62.4 per cent) of the eligible children donated teeth. A study of the total
      population was carried out to see if those who donated teeth were representative
      of that population. There were small but consistent and statistically significant
      differences--tooth-givers being of slightly higher intelligence and showing fewer
      behaviour problems. 403 children, selected on the basis of their tooth-lead
      levels and social class, were studied more intensively. They were classified into
      six pre-arranged groups--high, medium and low tooth-lead levels, with each lead
      group divided into two social groups, manual and non-manual. The parents of these
      children were intensively interviewed in their homes regarding parental interest
      and attitudes to education, family characteristics and relationships, the early
      history of the child and the child's physical environment. The intelligence of
      the mother was measured. The child was then studied in school using tests of
      intelligence, educational attainment and other cognitive tasks. Teachers and
      parents completed standardised behaviour questionnaires. The results showed that
      intelligence and other psychological measures were strongly related to social
      factors, especially social grouping. Lead level was linked to a variety of
      factors in the home, especially the level of cleanliness, and to a lesser extent,
      maternal smoking. There was no significant link between lead level and behaviour,
      though when rated by teachers, but not by parents, there were small and
      reasonably consistent non-significant tendencies for high-lead children to show
      more difficult behaviour. Before social factors were controlled for, there were
      significant differences between the lead groups in measures of intelligence and
      two other psychological tests, the children in the high-lead groups performing
      worse. Once a number of social factors had been taken into account, the
      differences between the three lead groups (high, medium and low) became small and
      statistically nonsignificant, although they remained in the same
      direction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6580254
TI  - Effect of aclacinomycin-A on survival and progression of mouse L cells through
      the cell cycle.
AB  - The survival of cultured mouse L cells and the progression of the cells through
      the cell cycle after exposure to aclacinomycin-A (ACM-A) were studied. At low
      drug concentrations, there was a slight depression in survival of S phase cells,
      while at high concentrations, cells at late G1 and late S-G2 were very sensitive
      to the drug. The dose-survival curve of synchronous cells was similar to that of
      asynchronous cells. Initially, there was a small reduction in survival, but as
      the dose was increased no additional killing occurred until a certain level was
      exceeded, after which an exponential decline in survival resulted. The age
      response with high concentrations of the drug reflected the differences in the
      size of the shoulder of the dose-response curve, while that with low drug
      concentrations reflected the presence or absence of the initial small decrease in
      survival. ACM-A inhibition of cell progression was greatest for cells in mid G1
      followed by cells in late S and finally by cells in G2.

PMID- 6580255
TI  - Establishment and properties of vincristine-resistant human myelogenous leukemia
      K562.
AB  - A vincristine (VCR)-resistant subline of human K562 myelogenous leukemia was
      established in vitro, and several clones with different susceptibilities to VCR
      were isolated by the limiting dilution technique. The most resistant clone (H-1)
      had a 17-fold greater resistance to VCR when compared to the parent K562 cells.
      The clone gradually lost the resistance during prolonged culture in vitro. These
      clones generally accumulated smaller amounts of VCR in their cells as compared to
      the parent cells. The size of H-1 clone cells was almost the same as that of the
      parent cells. The numbers of potential binding sites of VCR in the K562 cells and
      the resistant H-1 clone were almost the same. Similar results were obtained for
      P388 and its VCR-resistant subline. The cells derived from the VCR-resistant H-1
      clone were highly cross-resistant to vindesine and moderately resistant to
      vinblastine. Cells derived from clone H-1 exhibited marginal degrees of cross
      resistance to adriamycin, maytansine and VP-16-213, whereas VCR-resistant P388
      leukemia cells exhibited significant resistance to these agents, especially to
      maytansine.

PMID- 6580256
TI  - Thermoregulatory effects of the specific uptake inhibitor citalopram in maturing
      mice.
AB  - The effects of a single 20 mg/kg dose of citalopram (Lu 10-171) were studied in
      mice aged 1-10 days. Body temperature measured 2 and 24 hr after treatment was
      decreased in treated animals as compared with saline injected littermate
      controls. Two hours after treatment, temperature preference in a thermal gradient
      was unchanged in animals younger than 6 days; however, in animals 6 days or
      older, temperature preference was increased as compared with littermate controls.
      Twenty-four hours after treatment, temperature preference was increased in
      citalopram-treated animals at all ages tested. The results are discussed in
      relation to nervous system maturation.

PMID- 6580257
TI  - JCAH to initiate new CAP laboratory evaluation procedure.

PMID- 6580258
TI  - Genetics of human S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. A new polymorphism in man.
AB  - A specific staining procedure for the demonstration of S-adenosylhomocysteine
      hydrolase (SAHH, EC 3.3.1.1) is given. The enzyme has a broad tissue distribution
      and is also present in erythrocytes. The SAHH gene is polymorphic in the
      population of southwest Germany with two common alleles: SAHH*1 = 0.96 and SAHH*2
      = 0.04. Family studies resulted in the expected segregation ratios. No evidence
      for close linkage with a total of 25 marker loci was found. But information from
      human mouse somatic-cell hybrids led to the localization of the SAHH gene to
      human chromosome 20, thereby confirming the findings of Hershfield and Francke
      (1982).

PMID- 6580259
TI  - Evidence that the Menkes locus maps on proximal Xp.

PMID- 6580260
TI  - A search for linkage in families with fragile sites.
AB  - Linkage relationships to unassigned and provisionally assigned genetic markers
      were examined from 53 families segregating for various fragile sites. Fragile
      sites were at Xq27, 2q13, 6p23, 9p21, 9p32, 10q23, 10q25, 11q13, 11q23, 12q13 and
      16p12. No new assignments were made but extensive exclusion data are presented
      for the markers F13A, F13B, CHE2, K, TF, GPT, C3 and Lu arising from linkage
      comparisons with fragile sites and other genetic markers. Exclusions of at least
      10 cM involving fragile site markers were made for F13A (6p23, 9q32, 10q25), F13B
      (10q23, 10q25, 16p12), CHE2 (16p12), K (10q23), TF (10q23, 10q25, 11q13), GPT
      (10q23, 10q25, 11q13), C3 (10q23, 10q25) and Lu (10q25, 11q13).

PMID- 6580261
TI  - Inexpensive intraoral photography.

PMID- 6580262
TI  - An interview with Leonard Giannone, ISDS president.

PMID- 6580264
TI  - Nutrition and oral health.

PMID- 6580263
TI  - Capitation in Illinois. Part III--Advantages and disadvantages of the system.

PMID- 6580266
TI  - [Nomenclature in oral surgery].

PMID- 6580265
TI  - Chemotherapy and corynebacterium parvum for induction and maintenance of
      remission in acute myelogenous leukaemia--a controlled study.

PMID- 6580267
TI  - [Reflections on the nomenclature of professional services in operative
      dentistry].

PMID- 6580269
TI  - [Nomenclature and fixed prosthetics].

PMID- 6580268
TI  - [Nomenclature: is it needed in periodontology?].

PMID- 6580270
TI  - [Evaluation trials of costs in complete dentures].

PMID- 6580271
TI  - [Proposed nomenclature in orthodontics].

PMID- 6580272
TI  - [Nomenclature for services intended for the treatment of partial edentulousness].

PMID- 6580273
TI  - [Composite resin restorations: carving, finishing and polishing of composite
      resins].

PMID- 6580274
TI  - [Composite resin restorations. Classification of composite resins].

PMID- 6580275
TI  - [Composites in clinical pedodontics].

PMID- 6580276
TI  - [Contact-point restoration with composites].

PMID- 6580277
TI  - The effects of gnathologic orthopedics on the cervical spine.

PMID- 6580278
TI  - Finalization of functional orthopedic therapy.

PMID- 6580279
TI  - Management and prevention of severe osseous defects distal to the second molar
      following third molar extraction.

PMID- 6580280
TI  - Realities in addressing the emotional, economic and sequential aspects of certain
      advanced periodontal prosthetic cases.

PMID- 6580281
TI  - Treatment of gingival clefts by occlusal therapy.

PMID- 6580282
TI  - The psychological determinant in prosthetic treatments: planning an interesting
      case study.

PMID- 6580283
TI  - Triple X and erythroleukaemia.

PMID- 6580284
TI  - The President's Commission: do we need a sequel?

PMID- 6580285
TI  - Looking back at the President's Commission.

PMID- 6580287
TI  - [Osteosarcoma of the larynx].
AB  - A case of osteosarcoma of the soft tissues of the larynx of a 65 years old man is
      presented. Adequate surgical excision of the tumour was impossible because the
      patient had advanced cerebral and coronary vascular disease. Radiation therapy
      produced no remission of the tumour. The light microscopic findings are described
      and discussed. This is the sixth recorded case of osteosarcoma of the larynx.

PMID- 6580286
TI  - A chromosomal inversion polymorphism in Scandinavian populations of the seaweed
      fly, Coelopa frigida.

PMID- 6580288
TI  - Exercise hyperventilation in patients with McArdle's disease.

PMID- 6580289
TI  - Release of lipoteichoic acid from Staphylococcus aureus by treatment with
      cefmetazole and other beta-lactam antibiotics.
AB  - The effect of cefmetazole on the growth together with the release of cellular
      lipoteichoic acid from cefazolin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus was
      compared with that of cefazolin, cefotiam, cefoxitin and cefuroxime.
      Bacteriolytic actions were measured by turbidity and bactericidal actions were
      followed by viable cell count. Release of cellular lipoteichoic acid was measured
      by the radioactivity in the supernatant of the cultures. Cefmetazole exerted more
      potent effects on the bacterial growth and induced more marked release of
      cellular lipoteichoic acid from resistant strains as compared with other beta
      lactams.

PMID- 6580290
TI  - Binge eating during menstruation.

PMID- 6580291
TI  - Thiol reactivity of the nitrogenase Fe-protein from Azotobacter vinelandii.
AB  - A procedure has been developed to examine some of the functional roles of the 14
      cysteinyl residues in the nitrogenase Fe-protein (Av2) from Azotobacter
      vinelandii. The reduced form of Av2 was alkylated with iodo[2-14C]acetic acid
      under a variety of experimental conditions, e.g. reaction in the presence of
      nucleotides, alpha,alpha'-dipyridyl and nucleotides, or denaturants. The labeled
      cysteinyl residues were identified and quantified using an analytical DEAE
      Sepharose ion exchange chromatography peptide mapping technique based upon the
      known amino acid sequence (Hausinger, R. P., and Howard, J. B. (1982) J. Biol.
      Chem. 257, 2483-2490). From the results of the labeling experiments, the
      following features of the Av2 structure have been proposed. 1) Av2 contains no
      disulfides, hyperreactive thiols, or surface thiols as defined by reaction with
      iodoacetic acid. 2) Cysteines 97 and 132 are the probable ligands for the Av2
      Fe:S center which is bound symmetrically between subunits. 3) MgATP partially
      protects cysteine 85 from carboxymethylation by iodoacetic acid and may be part
      of the nucleotide-binding site. 4) Of the five nonligand thiols only cysteines 5
      and 184 are completely alkylated when Av2 is denatured in
      hexamethylphosphoramide, whereas all five nonligand thiols appear to rapidly
      exchange at the Fe:S center if the protein is denatured in the absence of
      alkylating reagents. 5) Both Av2 and apo-Av2 appear to undergo a reversible
      conformational change upon binding MgATP.

PMID- 6580292
TI  - Crystallization and preliminary x-ray studies of spinach ribulose 1,5
      bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase complexed with activator and a transition
      state analogue.
AB  - Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase has been purified from spinach
      and crystallized by equilibrium vapor diffusion with polyethylene glycol 6000 as
      a precipitant. Crystals suitable for x-ray studies were obtained from a binary
      complex with a transition state analogue, 2-C-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1,5
      bisphosphate, and a quaternary complex with 2-C-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1,5
      bisphosphate, Mg2+, and HCO-3. Two forms of crystals were obtained in the
      presence of 2-C-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate. Form B crystals are plates
      which have orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2 with unit cell dimensions a = 184
      A, b = 218 A, and c = 119 A. Form C crystals are tetragonal needles with space
      group I422 and with cell dimensions a = b = 275 A and c = 178 A. In both forms,
      the asymmetric unit contains half a molecule.

PMID- 6580293
TI  - Determination of aclacinomycin A by reversed-phase high-performance liquid
      chromatography.

PMID- 6580294
TI  - Genetic linkage studies with cleft lip and palate: report of two family studies.
AB  - Genetic linkage studies are reported on two families with cleft lip +/- cleft
      palate. For the first family (LP01) the etiology of the clefting is unknown, and
      the linkage analyses were done assuming both autosomal dominant and autosomal
      recessive inheritance. Close linkage is rejected with the Duffy blood group under
      the dominant model and with four loci (Duffy, Kidd, and ABO blood groups and
      haptoglobin) under the recessive model. The second family (LP02) is a Mexican
      American family segregating the van der Woude syndrome with lip pits. The linkage
      analyses for this autosomal dominant trait excluded close linkage with seven
      genetic markers, including three on chromosome one. The maximum lod scores were
      0.6 with BF (chromosome 6) and 0.4 with the P blood group, which is not yet
      mapped.

PMID- 6580295
TI  - Concepts and clinical considerations in drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Comments on
      a review symposium.

PMID- 6580296
TI  - Plasma zinc and inappetence in sheep infected with Trichostrongylus
      colubriformis.
AB  - The concentration of zinc in plasma before and after the occurrence of
      inappetence was measured in sheep infected with Trichostrongylus colubriformis
      and in uninfected animals fed freely or pair-fed with the infected group.
      Infection reduced mean food consumption to about one-third of that of the sheep
      fed ad libitum, half becoming completely anorexic. Plasma zinc concentrations in
      the infected sheep were reduced by 17 per cent whereas they were unchanged in the
      uninfected groups.

PMID- 6580297
TI  - Dental health behavior modification: a school-based program.

PMID- 6580298
TI  - Effect of length and number of appointments on children's behavior in a dental
      setting.

PMID- 6580299
TI  - Autogenic transplantation of a developing tooth.

PMID- 6580300
TI  - Protection of dens evaginatus with pit and fissure sealant.

PMID- 6580301
TI  - Talon-cusp management: orthodontic-endodontic considerations.

PMID- 6580302
TI  - Dentin dysplasia type II: review of the literature and report of a family.

PMID- 6580303
TI  - Compound odontoma in a twelve-year-old girl.

PMID- 6580304
TI  - Clinical evaluation of two patients with a single maxillary central incisor.

PMID- 6580305
TI  - A congenitally missing canine in association with other dental disturbances:
      report of two cases.

PMID- 6580307
TI  - Physical metallurgy of dental amalgams. 3. Transverse strength and fracture
      behaviour during setting.

PMID- 6580306
TI  - Nutrition in cystic fibrosis.
AB  - The goal of nutritional care for the CF patient should be to support normal
      growth and development, even if the patient has pancreatic insufficiency. By
      optimizing nutritional habits, using potent pancreatic enzyme supplements
      effectively and treating patients with appropriate micronutrient supplements,
      physicians should be able to prevent malnutrition and enhance the general health
      of cystic fibrosis patients.

PMID- 6580308
TI  - Clinical deformation of maxillary complete dentures.

PMID- 6580309
TI  - The histopathology of the apical area where conservative endodontic treatment has
      failed.

PMID- 6580310
TI  - An unusual reaction after the treatment of a dry socket.

PMID- 6580311
TI  - The relationship of the greater palatine foramen to the molar teeth and pterygoid
      hamulus in human skulls.

PMID- 6580312
TI  - Fluoride uptake in vitro by interproximal enamel from dental floss impregnated
      with amine fluoride gel.

PMID- 6580314
TI  - [The efficiency of instant film in periapical lesion diagnosis].

PMID- 6580313
TI  - [Fluoride level in the Bangkok central water supply].

PMID- 6580315
TI  - [Cementifying fibroma (report of 2 cases)].

PMID- 6580316
TI  - The need for an International Association for Dental Research.

PMID- 6580317
TI  - Dental research in Australia--present and future.

PMID- 6580318
TI  - Industry-University relations: putting America's knowledge to work.

PMID- 6580319
TI  - Plasma beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity, pain and anxiety following
      administration of placebo in oral surgery patients.
AB  - Plasma beta-endorphin was measured in patients undergoing a stressful procedure,
      the removal of impacted third molars. In patients reporting little pain,
      endorphin levels increased significantly during surgery, whereas patients
      reporting pain and anxiety showed little increase in endorphin levels.

PMID- 6580320
TI  - Use of bacteriophage-resistant mutants to study Actinomyces viscosus cell surface
      receptors.
AB  - Spontaneously occurring bacteriophage-resistant mutants of Actinomyces viscosus
      were isolated. The mutants exhibited altered coaggregation patterns with
      streptococci. From analysis of the data, it appears that a cell surface structure
      on A. viscosus may function both as a phage receptor and as a binding site for co
      aggregation with certain oral streptococci. These mutants will be valuable in the
      study of surface structures that mediate one type of the cell-to-cell
      interactions that occur between these two important groups of oral bacteria.

PMID- 6580321
TI  - Perceptions of dental students' problems.

PMID- 6580322
TI  - Minority group dental students: a need for added support.

PMID- 6580323
TI  - Faculty response to personal problems of students: a survey of dental educators.

PMID- 6580324
TI  - Marketing, advertising and ethics, the dental profession's dilemma of today.

PMID- 6580325
TI  - Economic pressures. The effect on dental education at Howard University.

PMID- 6580326
TI  - And lead me not into temptation.

PMID- 6580327
TI  - Treatment of the avulsed tooth.

PMID- 6580328
TI  - Odontologic concepts.

PMID- 6580329
TI  - Pedodontic sedation.

PMID- 6580330
TI  - Fluoride and bone fracture.

PMID- 6580331
TI  - Keyes' technique.

PMID- 6580332
TI  - A proposed index of oral health status: a practical application.

PMID- 6580333
TI  - Clinical management and soft tissue reconstruction of periodontal damage
      resulting from habitual use of snuff.

PMID- 6580334
TI  - Canine transposition--approaches to treatment.
AB  - Transposition, an infrequently occurring dental anomaly, almost always involves
      the canines. Transposition occurs in either jaw, bilaterally or unilaterally, and
      in most cases the primary canine is still present. The canine may transpose with
      the lateral incisor or the first premolar. In the maxilla, transposition with the
      first premolar occurs more frequently. In the mandible, as far as can be
      determined, the canine always transposes with the lateral incisor. Several
      causative factors have been discussed. When cases of incipient transposition are
      detected early enough they can sometimes be treated interceptively. When seen at
      later stages, the positions of the root apexes are important for a decision about
      where to move the transposed teeth.

PMID- 6580335
TI  - The extraoral approach to the infraorbital nerve block.

PMID- 6580336
TI  - Osteotomy of intermaxillary suture for closure of median diastema.
AB  - A technique for performing an osteotomy of the intermaxillary suture has been
      described. By removing the cortical bone and soft tissue that lines the
      intermaxillary suture between the anterior surface of the maxilla and the
      incisive foramen, stability of orthodontic closure of the median maxillary
      diastema has been achieved.

PMID- 6580337
TI  - A clinical comparison of dentinal slot retention with metallic pin retention.
AB  - Twenty-two pairs of extensive amalgam restorations were placed in 19 patients.
      One amalgam of each pair had self-threading pin retention, and the other had
      dentinal slot retention. Evaluations were done at baseline, at one, and two
      years. After two years, 17 pairs of amalgams were available for evaluations. The
      data obtained can be summarized as follows: 100% (17) of the slot-retained
      amalgams were clinically acceptable, whereas 94.1% (16) of the pin-retained
      amalgams were acceptable. It can be concluded that, in clinical usage, dentinal
      slot retention is as effective as self-threading pin retention in extensive
      amalgam restorations.

PMID- 6580338
TI  - The Kentucky and Washington State demonstrations: expanded-function dental
      auxiliary personnel in private general practice.

PMID- 6580339
TI  - The Washington State dental auxiliary project: delegating expanded functions in
      general practice.

PMID- 6580340
TI  - The Washington State dental auxiliary project: quality of care in private
      practice.

PMID- 6580341
TI  - Dentistry on stamps.

PMID- 6580342
TI  - Mercury: muddled media ahead?

PMID- 6580343
TI  - Clinical products in dentistry. A desktop reference.

PMID- 6580344
TI  - Two-dimensional gel analysis of swine histocompatibility antigens.
AB  - Miniature swine MHC antigens from three inbred herds were examined by two
      dimensional gel electrophoresis. These antigens were found to constitute a series
      of complex glycoproteins displaying haplotype-specific patterns that allowed the
      distinction of both class I and class II molecules among the three haplotypes.
      Selected outbred pig antisera reacted with a subset of class I antigens,
      suggesting the presence of at least two distinct molecular species among these
      antigens. Similarly, alloantisera reacting with mouse Ia antigens and a
      monoclonal anti-human DR were shown to immunoprecipitate a subset of class II
      molecules. Examination of the cells from two recombinant haplotypes demonstrated
      that both independent recombinational events took place between the class I and
      class II genes.

PMID- 6580345
TI  - Lymphokine-stimulated macrophage phagocytosis of fluorescent microspheres: a
      rapid new assay.
AB  - A highly sensitive and rapid in vitro macrophage phagocytosis assay is described
      for screening of lymphokine preparations with macrophage activating properties.
      Non-induced mouse peritoneal macrophages were incubated on glass slides for 60
      min in the presence of fluorescent 2 micron latex beads and partially purified
      lymphokine fractions or media control. Lymphokine samples were prepared from
      culture supernatants of the B lymphoblastoid cell line RPMI 1788 by high
      performance liquid chromatography of a soluble trichloroacetic acid extract of
      concentrated culture supernatant. Phagocytosis was measured by direct counts of
      the percent phagocytic cells and the number of intracellular beads per 100 cells
      as seen by fluorescence microscopy. Phagocytic uptake in the presence of as
      little as 0.1 ng of active lymphokine could readily be determined qualitatively
      by correlation plots and quantitatively by appropriate statistical programs for
      data processing by computer. This technique provides a rapid, reproducible,
      screening assay for biological activity of macrophage activating lymphokines and
      other compounds affecting macrophage phagocytosis.

PMID- 6580346
TI  - Preventing autogenous dental infections.

PMID- 6580347
TI  - Ten year report of a bifurcated mandibular first molar.

PMID- 6580348
TI  - Basic science in dentistry - past, present and future.

PMID- 6580349
TI  - Effects of increased concentrations of prostaglandin E levels with epidermolysis
      bullosa dystrophica recessive fibroblasts within a populated collagen lattice.
AB  - Tissue-cultured fibroblasts suspended in a collagen matrix actively reduce the
      size of that matrix by the process called lattice contraction. Cultured human
      fibroblasts derived from patients with epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica
      recessive (EBdr) cannot elongate and spread out when incorporated in a collagen
      matrix and they are therefore poor at contracting that collagen lattice. Culture
      medium from EBdr fibroblast-populated collagen lattice (FPCL) shows an increased
      concentration of prostaglandin, PGE2, compared with that in lattices made with
      equal numbers of normal human fibroblasts. The addition of the nonsteroid anti
      inflammatory drug, indomethacin, to EBdr FPCL inhibits PGE synthesis, and
      promotes both cell elongation and spreading, as well as lattice contraction.
      However, the addition of indomethacin to normal FPCL does not stimulate either
      the spreading and elongation of cells or lattice contraction. PGE1 or PGE2 added
      to normal FPCL inhibits lattice contraction and cell elongation and spreading.
      Accordingly, EBdr FPCL does not undergo contraction due to altered elongation and
      spreading of fibroblasts, which process is related to enhanced PGE synthesis. It
      is proposed then that the contractile forces responsible for lattice contraction
      are identical to those responsible for the spreading and elongation of cells.
      Characteristic of EBdr fibroblasts are elevated levels of PGE2 which result in
      the failure of cells to spread and elongate within a collagen matrix. PGE2
      treated normal cells do not readily spread and elongate and they do not readily
      contract FPCL.

PMID- 6580351
TI  - An Irish bridge of excellence that has withstood the test of time!

PMID- 6580350
TI  - Dilaceration and failure of eruption of non successional teeth.

PMID- 6580352
TI  - Voluntary health insurance, are you in the co-op?

PMID- 6580353
TI  - [The relation between oral cavity shape and lingual articulation in skeletal
      Class III cases before and after orthognathic surgery. Observation by electro
      palatogram].

PMID- 6580354
TI  - [Evaluation of postoperative stability in skeletal Class III patients treated by
      sagittal splitting osteotomy].

PMID- 6580355
TI  - [Correction of the measured value of mandibular kinesiography in the analysis of
      jaw movement around the rest position].

PMID- 6580356
TI  - [Characteristics of cultured chondrocytes from the rabbit spheno-occipital
      synchondrosis].

PMID- 6580357
TI  - [Effect of parathyroid hormone on rabbit mandibular condylar chondrocytes, nasal
      septal chondrocytes, spheno-occipital synchondrosal chondrocytes and costal
      chondrocytes in culture].

PMID- 6580358
TI  - [Experimental study on the displacement of the maxillary complex produced by
      forward extraoral traction].

PMID- 6580359
TI  - [Effects of saliva on the formation of fluorapatite].

PMID- 6580360
TI  - [Psychological studies on the effect of orthodontic treatment and the most
      suitable timing of orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6580361
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of post-treatment periodontal status of impacted and
      abnormally positioned anterior teeth].

PMID- 6580362
TI  - [A dental performance simulation system for preclinical instruction in
      orthodontic education].

PMID- 6580363
TI  - HLA-A, -B, -C antigens in otosclerosis.
AB  - One hundred unrelated, randomly chosen, consecutive patients with otosclerosis,
      verified by operation, were typed for HLA-A, -B, -C antigens. No significant
      association between HLA-A, -B, -C antigens and otosclerosis was found.

PMID- 6580364
TI  - Unilateral immediate tonsillectomy as the treatment of peritonsillar abscess:
      results, with special attention to pharyngitis.
AB  - The results of unilateral immediate tonsillectomy, as the routine treatment of
      peritonsillar abscess, were studied in 47 patients with no previous history of
      serious tonsillitis. The follow-up was carried out between three and four years
      after operation. The incidence of tonsillitis in the contralateral tonsil
      remained unchanged and peritonsillar abscess did not occur in that tonsil.
      Symptoms of pharyngitis, periodic or chronic, were present in three patients
      only. This was found to be significantly lower than that found in the literature
      in a similar group of patients in whom bilateral immediate tonsillectomy had been
      performed. The results are discussed and the authors recommend unilateral
      immediate tonsillectomy in cases of peritonsillar abscess in all patients with no
      previous history of serious tonsillitis, as this apparently prevents the
      troublesome side-effects of chronic pharyngitis.

PMID- 6580365
TI  - Unilateral tonsillectomy--indications and results.
AB  - Seventy-six cases of unilateral tonsillectomy performed over the last 20 years
      are reported. The average age was 3.75 years. Fifty per cent had adenoidectomy. A
      review of their case notes and of 54 questionnaires returned by parents, asking
      their opinion of the change in symptoms before operation and two years after
      operation, showed that they could be allotted into three groups: Group 1 35 cases
      (65 per cent) had dramatic improvement in the symptoms of allergy, colds, otitis,
      sore throats, eating, meat eating and sleep. Group 2 of nine cases (17 per cent)
      had considerable improvement in most symptoms. Group 3 of 10 cases (18 per cent)
      had minimal improvement. Post-tonsillectomy hypertrophy of the remaining tonsil
      occurred within two to four years in nine cases, necessitating removal. Four (11
      per cent) in Group 1, (22 per cent) in Group 2, and three (30 per cent) in Group
      3. The three secondary tonsillectomies in Group 3 gave good results in two cases.
      In five cases the other tonsil was removed six to 15 years later. This series of
      cases has demonstrated that a tremendous decrease in incidence of throat and
      upper respiratory tract infection in young children, apparently prone to
      infection can occur in over 80 per cent of cases following unilateral
      tonsillectomy, in spite of the continued presence of the remaining large
      tonsil.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6580366
TI  - The treatment of avulsed teeth.

PMID- 6580367
TI  - Stainless steel crown. An excellent restoration for deciduous molars.

PMID- 6580368
TI  - A specialized unit for adolescent oncology patients. Is it worth it?

PMID- 6580369
TI  - Treatment of febrile granuloycytopenic cancer patients receiving antineoplastic
      therapy with a combination of carbenicillin, cefazolin and gentamicin.
AB  - A three drug regimen of carbenicillin, cefazolin and gentamicin was used for the
      treatment of patients with solid tumors, who developed fever while
      granulocytopenic following chemotherapy. Thirty-five (8%) of 426 cancer patients
      receiving various combinations of antineoplastic chemotherapy qualified for the
      antibiotic treatment. Nine patients (26%) had bacteriologically confirmed
      infections, all with gram negative microorganisms. Twenty-four patients (69%)
      recovered and eleven (31%) died. All deaths occurred within five days of
      antibiotic therapy; in patients who recovered, the fever subsided within six
      days. Mortality was not influenced by the presence of a positive bacterial
      culture, age, or the cytotoxic agents used. It was, however, strongly related to
      metastatic spread: nine out of 14 patients with liver metastases (64%) died from
      the infection, while only two of 11 patients (18%) with other metastatic sites
      failed to respond to the antibacterial therapy. No death occurred in 10 patients
      who had local disease or received adjuvant therapy. This combined antibiotic
      therapy was as effective as reported for other combinations, with no serious side
      effects.

PMID- 6580370
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and relative potency assays with analgesic medications.
AB  - Simulated pharmacokinetic data are used to depict how single-dose relative
      potency assays fail when medications with half-lives of 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours
      are compared. When doses are given every six hours, the steady-state maximum
      concentrations (as a percent of the first dose Cmax) are respectively 133, 199,
      377, and 598. Conversely, the sums of the maximum and minimum concentrations
      following the first dose, as percent of the steady-state Cmax plus Cmin are
      respectively 75, 50, 30, and 17. Single-dose comparisons among usual
      (maintenance) doses of analgesics with different half-lives (accumulation
      characteristics) do not provide satisfactory estimates of relative therapeutic
      efficacy.

PMID- 6580371
TI  - Effect of hemodialysis on left ventricular performance.
AB  - Systolic time intervals (STI) and echocardiograms (Echo) were performed before
      and 30 min after hemodialysis (H) in 19 stable patients (pts) with chronic renal
      failure undergoing maintenance H. The % shortening of the internal diameter (%
      delta D), the mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (VCF), and the
      ratio of the pre-ejection period to the left ventricular (LV) ejection time
      (PEP/LVET) were used as indices of LV performance; the electromechanical systole
      corrected for heart rate (QS2I) was used as an index of adrenergic activity.
      After hemodialysis, LV function was improved in 9 pts, Group (GI) and decreased
      in 10 pts (GII). Changes due to H are shown. The % delta D and VCF before H were
      normal in GI but abnormal in GII (31.6 +/- 1.4 vs 24.5 +/- 1.4 and 1.07 +/- 0.06
      vs 0.88 +/- 0.04, respectively). Systolic blood pressure remained unchanged in GI
      but decreased in GII (-9.5 +/- 4 mm Hg, p less than 0.01). Body weight decreased
      significantly (p less than 0.05) and equally in both Gs (-1.2 +/- 0.03 in GI and 
      1.6 +/- 0.03 in GII). Serum electrolytes, creatinine, and hemoglobin were
      identical in both Gs before and after H. LV performance improved in pts with LV
      dysfunction before H, but decreased in pts with normal LV function before H. The
      decreased afterload in GII and the different effect of alterations in preload and
      afterload in the failing and normal LV most likely account for these changes. STI
      and Echo provide simple techniques to assess changes in LV function due to H and
      one is complementary to the other.

PMID- 6580372
TI  - Anthropometric characteristics, cardiac abnormalities and adrenergic activity in
      patients with primary disorders of sleep.
AB  - Sixty-one patients (pts) with sleep apnea (SA), 35 with narcolepsy (N) and 24
      with idiopathic hypersomnolence (H) were studied in the Clinical Research Center.
      The height to body weight ratio was less than normal in SA pts (0.32 +/- 0.01 vs
      0.45 +/- 0.01, p less than 0.01), but normal in N and H pts (0.45 +/- 0.02 and
      0.45 +/- 0.01, respectively). Twenty-four hour urinary epinephrine (E) plus
      norepinephrine (NE) was greater than normal (p less than 0.01), but not different
      among SA, N and H pts. The incidence of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) was greater
      in N (49%) and H (58%) compared to SA (20%) (p less than 0.01). The ratio of the
      pre-ejection period to the left ventricular ejection time (PEP/LVET) was abnormal
      (greater than 0.42) in 36% of the pts with SA and only in one pt with N and H (p
      = 0.02). The % shortening of the echocardiographic internal diameter (% delta D)
      was abnormal (less than 28%) in 28% of pts with SA and normal in all pts with N
      and H (p = 0.02). The incidence of malignant ventricular dysrhythmias (24 hour
      Holter) was 26% in SA, 3% in N and 4% in H (p = 0.04). Thus, pts with impaired
      alertness have high adrenergic tone despite evidence for a role of catecholamines
      in wakefulness. Left ventricular dysfunction, malignant dysrhythmias and obesity
      are common findings in SA, while MVP is very common in N and H.

PMID- 6580374
TI  - In vitro growth of granulocyte-macrophage colonies from normal human bone marrow,
      peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood.

PMID- 6580373
TI  - Identification of a new component in the murine Ia molecular complex.
AB  - In this report, we describe a previously unidentified component in the murine Ia
      antigen complex. SDS-PAGE analysis of anti-Ia immunoprecipitates prepared from
      spleen cells biosynthetically labeled with 35S-sulfate showed no detectable
      incorporation of 35SO4 into alpha, beta, or Ii chains but did not reveal the
      presence of a novel sulfate-bearing molecule of considerable molecular weight
      heterogeneity (46-69-kdaltons). The 46-69-kdalton molecule could be precipitated
      with monoclonal antibodies specific for I-A, I-E, and Ii glycoproteins but was
      not seen in control precipitates, nor in association with IgG or class I MHC
      molecules. Preliminary biochemical characterization indicated that the 46-69
      kdalton product is extremely polydisperse, both in charge and apparent molecular
      weight, is sensitive to proteases, and bears the sulfate moiety on a large
      pronase-resistant structure. These results suggested this component might be a
      proteoglycan. Definitive identification of this component as a proteoglycan was
      accomplished by selective enzymatic degradation experiments which showed that the
      sulfate-bearing component of the 46-69-kdalton molecule is chondroitin 6-sulfate.

PMID- 6580375
TI  - Vectorcardiographic findings in mitral valve prolapse.

PMID- 6580376
TI  - Clinical spectrum of ruptured mitral chordae tendineae.

PMID- 6580377
TI  - [Preoperative and early postoperative echocardiographic studies of ventricular
      septal defect in adults].

PMID- 6580379
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of type B chronic active hepatitis and type B acute
      hepatitis by clinical features].

PMID- 6580378
TI  - [Endoscopic Nd-YAG laser treatment of gastrointestinal polyps].

PMID- 6580380
TI  - [Health survey of children aged 2-3 1/2 years in Taipei City].

PMID- 6580381
TI  - [Rupture of arteriovenous malformations during pregnancy--report of 3 cases].

PMID- 6580382
TI  - Characterization of human brain phenolsulphotransferase.
AB  - Both human phenolsulphotransferase M (for monoamines) and P (for phenol) were
      detected in eight out of twelve brains examined postmortem. Activity values were
      low compared with those in other human tissues and in brains from other species.
      The activity of both forms was unevenly distributed in different brain regions in
      a pattern different from that of the monoamines. From a study of substrate
      specificity, Km values, and inhibitor sensitivity, the two forms of the human
      brain enzyme did not appear to differ from their counterparts in platelet.

PMID- 6580383
TI  - Syndrome identification case report 90: multiple craniofacial and skeletal
      defects.

PMID- 6580384
TI  - Pigmentary characteristics of the ectodermal dysplasias.

PMID- 6580385
TI  - Syndrome identification case report 92: Hirschsprung megacolon, cleft lip and
      palate, mental retardation, and minor congenital malformations.

PMID- 6580386
TI  - Syndrome identification case report 93: unusual facies, hypotonia and
      constipation.

PMID- 6580387
TI  - Syndrome identification case report 89: thickened subcutaneous tissue, coarse
      facies, macrocephaly, and hypotonia.

PMID- 6580388
TI  - Syndrome identification case report 98: arachnodactyly, joint laxity, and
      spondylolisthesis.

PMID- 6580389
TI  - Syndrome identification case report 99: proptosis, Robin association, clenched
      hands, and multiple abnormalities.

PMID- 6580390
TI  - Syndrome identification case report 95: congenital fusion of the gums and jaws.

PMID- 6580391
TI  - Syndrome identification case report 100: unusual facies, cleft palate, short
      stature, and mental retardation.

PMID- 6580393
TI  - Classification and pigmentary characteristics in ectodermal dysplasia.

PMID- 6580392
TI  - Syndrome identification case report 101: loose, redundant skin, craniofacial
      defects, and hypotonia.

PMID- 6580394
TI  - No evidence for pathological ciliary structure in retinitis pigmentosa.

PMID- 6580395
TI  - Aganglionic megacolon and cleft palate.

PMID- 6580396
TI  - Syndrome identification case report 96: syngnathia and multiple defects.

PMID- 6580397
TI  - Syndrome identification case report 97: tongue fusion, micrognathia and digital
      defects.

PMID- 6580398
TI  - A study on morphological changes in the palate associated with orthodontic
      treatment--the application of Moire topography--1. Adult females with upper
      protrusions.

PMID- 6580399
TI  - A study on the effects of treatment for upper protrusion in adult females by the
      edgewise method.

PMID- 6580400
TI  - A study on changes in the dental arch of overbite patients resulting from
      orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 6580401
TI  - Histological study on the healing of rat dental sockets after partial removal of
      the buccal bony plate.

PMID- 6580402
TI  - Healing of tooth extraction wounds in rats with renal hypertension. A
      histological study.

PMID- 6580403
TI  - Stomatognathic dysfunction in the western desert of Egypt: an epidemiological
      survey.
AB  - Results of a study of 215 male subjects from Siwa oasis are presented. The Siwian
      community is representative of the Bedouin communities in the Egyptian western
      desert. The population belongs to a characteristic ethnic group, living in a
      primitive way. The most prevalent symptoms were headache (29%), pain in the ear
      (24%) and clicking joint sounds (19%); 84% of the subjects suffered from
      tenderness of one or more of the masticatory muscles; 8% of the subjects had
      painful movements of the mandible. The results extend knowledge of the
      distribution of jaw dysfunction complaints into hitherto uninvestigated
      communities.

PMID- 6580404
TI  - A clinical study of the distribution of occlusal tooth contacts in the
      intercuspal position at light and hard pressure in adults.
AB  - Young adults (Md 24) and Adults (Md 41) were examined with respect to the
      distribution of occlusal contacts in molars, premolars and anterior teeth when
      exerting light and hard pressure respectively in the habitual intercuspal
      position. There was no difference between the right and left side and the number
      of contacts per tooth was low. In all groups of teeth there was a smaller number
      of contacts at light pressure. The lower number of contacts at light pressure in
      Adults when comparing with Young adults was related only to the anterior teeth.
      The increase of the number of contacts at hard pressure was greater for the
      anterior teeth than for the molars. In cases where there was a greater number of
      contacts present on one side, the distribution did not alter significantly when
      changing from light to hard pressure. Neither did the articulator-adjusted
      intercuspal position differ significantly in this respect from the clinically
      recorded intercuspal position at hard pressure. A further result was that about
      50% of the individuals had 60% or more contacts on one side at light pressure.
      These findings stress the importance of meticulous care when performing occlusal
      adjustment, as the number of contacts per tooth is low and indicates the need for
      observing the difference between light and hard pressure.

PMID- 6580405
TI  - Relationship between creep, gamma 2, and marginal fracture of dental amalgams.
AB  - The effect of gamma 1 and gamma 2 on the creep deformation of dental amalgams has
      been investigated. It has been shown that the creep of a conventional amalgam is
      not dependent on gamma 1 as was previously reported. Rather it is strongly
      influenced by gamma 2 and its volume fraction. It has been speculated that Sn
      rich grain boundaries also enhance creep by facilitating grain boundary sliding.
      The reported correlation between creep and marginal fracture has been explained
      in terms of this dependence of creep on corrosion-prone Sn-rich microstructural
      constituents of amalgams.

PMID- 6580406
TI  - An investigation of the reproducibility of face-bow transfers.
AB  - An investigation was conducted to determine the reproducibility of the position
      of a maxillary cast in two widely-used semi-adjustable articulators when a face
      bow transfer was repeated ten times for the same individual. The results obtained
      with the Dentatus AEB, Whipmix Quickmount and Almore transfer bows were compared.
      The variations in cast position rarely exceeded +/- 1.0 mm in any of three planes
      of space and although the results suggested a ranking in accuracy of the three
      instruments, all were considered clinically acceptable. On the basis of the
      results observed, face-bow transfer appears to be a reliable clinical procedure
      and accuracy in the determination of reference locations is unlikely to be
      negated by subsequent transfer errors, provided that appropriate care is
      employed.

PMID- 6580407
TI  - A comparison of photoelastic and finite element stress analysis in restored tooth
      structures.
AB  - Two methods for determining internal stresses in tooth structures were compared
      under a specific load condition. The numerical method of the finite element
      method has a definite number of advantages over the experimental photoelastic
      method. The numerical results obtained by the first method are in reasonable
      conformity with those obtained by the latter. In addition the sensitivity of the
      finite element method towards variation of a number of relevant parameters has
      been studied.

PMID- 6580408
TI  - The possible activity of large and small jaw muscle units in experimental tooth
      clenching in man.
AB  - Eight human subjects exercised maximum voluntary tooth clenching until there was
      complete exhaustion of the contracting jaw muscles (isometric endurance time).
      During the isometric muscle contractions the myoelectrical currents of the
      masseter and anterior temporalis muscle were sampled by bipolar surface
      electrodes, integrated, and cumulatively stored. The myoelectrical activity was
      studied at recording thresholds of 1 microV and 40 microV, i.e. all action
      potentials below threshold level were ignored. The observations suggested that
      the number of fast glycolytic and fast oxidative glycolytic motor units in the
      masseter muscle might have exceeded that in the anterior temporalis muscle;
      and/or the size of the masseter muscle units might have been larger than that of
      the anterior temporalis muscle units.

PMID- 6580409
TI  - Monolithic tetracycline-containing fibers for controlled delivery to periodontal
      pockets.
AB  - For the purpose of developing controlled delivery devices for periodontal therapy
      which would release over several days, six fiber types made of tetracycline
      loaded biocompatible polymers were manufactured and tested. Polyethylene,
      polypropylene, polycaprolactone, polyurethane and cellulose acetate propionate
      all released their drug load within 1 day. Ethylene vinyl acetate fibers,
      however, provided in vitro sustained release for periods up to 9 days. A bioassay
      was designed to measure levels of tetracycline achieved by local delivery which
      used growth inhibition of Bacillus cereus as a measure of the amount of
      tetracycline in measured volumes of gingival sulcus fluid on filter paper strips.
      By this assay, fibers made from 25% loaded ethylene vinyl acetate established
      initial concentrations of approximately 500 micrograms/ml. The measurement of
      tetracycline concentration resulting from the placement of these fibers into deep
      periodontal pockets as a packing material provided indication that concentrations
      of greater than 50 micrograms/ml could be maintained for months by weekly to
      monthly replacement. These studies indicate that monolithic fibers made of
      tetracycline-loaded ethylene vinyl acetate have characteristics which could prove
      useful as the basis of a tetracycline delivery system for the treatment of
      periodontal disease.

PMID- 6580410
TI  - Tetracycline and its derivatives strongly bind to and are released from the tooth
      surface in active form.
AB  - Several antibiotics were found to adsorb to saliva-coated enamel and to inhibit
      in vitro plaque formation by pure cultures of oral bacteria: Actinomyces
      viscosus, Actinomyces naeslundii and Streptococcus mutans. Tetracycline,
      minocycline and oxytetracycline adsorbed to the greatest degree, showing 100-fold
      higher adsorption than spiramycin, the test antibiotics with least adsorption.
      Inhibition of in vitro plaque formation was found to require both drug
      substantivity (capacity for adsorption) and antimicrobial activity. Inhibition of
      plaque formation in the in vitro assay employed correlated well with clinical
      efficacy.

PMID- 6580412
TI  - Albers-Schonberg disease complicated with periodontal disease. Report of a case
      with 36-year history.
AB  - A patient had the benign form of Albers-Schonberg disease complicated by
      periodontitis. Review of the patient's 36-year history revealed that the long
      term prognosis can be good. Determining factors in the prognosis are the severity
      of bony involvement and proper periodontal and dental maintenance.

PMID- 6580411
TI  - Effect of periodontal trauma upon intrabony pockets.
AB  - Conflicting results have been reported regarding the effect of periodontal trauma
      upon progression of periodontitis. In these studies, different initial pocket
      morphologies were present. This study investigated the effect of trauma
      superimposed upon existing intrabony pockets. Localized intrabony pockets were
      produced adjacent to the mesial and distal surfaces of the mandibular third
      bicuspids in 10 squirrel monkeys. Two animals were killed after 10 weeks of
      periodontitis. In four (experimental) of the remaining eight animals, mesio
      distal jiggling of the third bicuspid was begun 10 weeks after induction of
      periodontitis, and continued for another 10 weeks. The other four animals
      (control) were killed 20 weeks after initiation of periodontitis. Step-serial
      histologic sections were selected from experimental and control specimens and
      analyzed for loss of connective tissue attachment, loss of crestal alveolar bone
      and percentage of bone in the coronal interproximal periodontium. When
      corresponding dimensions from experimental and control surfaces were compared
      statistically, there were no differences in loss of connective tissue attachment
      but a greater loss of bone had occurred in specimens with the combination of
      periodontitis and trauma. In addition, there was a marked difference in osseous
      morphology between the experimental and control specimens. It was concluded that
      trauma superimposed upon existing intrabony pockets increased loss of alveolar
      bone and altered osseous morphology, but did not affect the loss of connective
      tissue attachment.

PMID- 6580414
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of several resharpening techniques.
AB  - The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the cutting edges of
      curettes as they came from the manufacturer, after they had been made dull and
      after they were resharpened by several standard resharpening techniques and one
      experimental technique. Micrographs were taken of the cutting edges with the SEM
      at a standard magnification. The quality of the cutting edges was blindly
      evaluated by five independent examiners who unanimously agreed that the
      experimental resharpening technique produced the highest quality edge. The
      experimental resharpening technique used a Whittler Instrument Sharpener on the
      face of the blade followed by a rotating, abrasive impregnated, felt wheel on the
      lateral surface of the blade.

PMID- 6580415
TI  - Observations on temperature and temperature patterns of the gingiva. I. The
      effect of arch, region and health.
AB  - The purpose of this investigation was to study the pattern and constancy of
      temperatures recorded in the gingival crevices and some factors affecting them.
      The temperatures of the interproximal crevices in the maxillary and mandibular
      arch of 16 female dental hygiene students were evaluated at the time of
      examination, immediately afterwards and following a 14-day interval. The
      temperature difference between each site and the subject's sublingual temperature
      were calculated. In the analysis, a comparison of sites with a confirmed status
      of bleeding tendency and pocket depth was carried out. The results show
      temperature differences between arches (mandible vs maxilla) and regions
      (posterior vs anterior). The differences are independent of the health status.
      Inflamed gingiva generally has a higher temperature than clinically healthy
      gingiva. There is an indication that healthy tissue, more than inflamed tissue,
      reacts to an outside stimulus with an increase in temperature. It is necessary
      that environmental and stimulative factors are strictly controlled if temperature
      gradients are to be applied for diagnostic purposes in periodontics.

PMID- 6580413
TI  - Scanning and transmission electron microscopic study of tissue-invading
      microorganisms in localized juvenile periodontitis.
AB  - This transmission and scanning electron microscope study documents the invasion
      of microorganisms into the gingiva and along resorbing alveolar bone surfaces in
      a 15-year-old patient with localized juvenile periodontitis. The invading
      bacteria were mainly Gram-negative fusiform, coccobacilli and spirochetes.
      Microorganisms identified as Mycoplasma were also found to invade in some areas.
      Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) were seen in association with the bacteria.
      The majority of bacteria were covered by PMNs and enclosed by the phagocyte but
      did not appear to lie within phagosomes. High numbers of PMNs were found in the
      gingival connective tissue inflammatory infiltrate and in the pocket epithelium.
      Invasion into the gingiva and alveolar bone by bacteria and Mycoplasma in
      localized juvenile periodontitis may be importance in the therapy of this
      infection.

PMID- 6580416
TI  - Observations on temperature and temperature patterns of the gingiva. II.
      Estimations of the error in measurement.
AB  - The diagnostician may expect an error associated with the measurements of
      clinical parameters. It is important to know how precise these measurements are.
      The purpose of this study was to make an estimation of the measurement error by
      comparing repeated measures of the same site. Six dental hygiene students were
      examined for gingival and were recorded twice. The maximum error associated with
      95% of the temperature data and the average error were calculated as 1.3 degrees
      C and 0.65 degrees C, respectively. The probabilities of making a correct
      assessment of pocket depth and of sulcular bleeding were computed to be 0.864 and
      0.840, respectively. The need for repeated measures was statistically analyzed.
      It can be concluded from our data that the thermocouple thermometer used in this
      study is a suitable instrument for measuring the gingival temperature. However,
      it is necessary to acquire a higher level of precision for the assessment of
      pocket depth and sulcular bleeding. This can be accomplished by increasing the
      number of clinical measures on each point.

PMID- 6580417
TI  - Effect of achromycin ointment on healing following periodontal surgery.

PMID- 6580418
TI  - Subgingival metronidazole in acrylic resin vs. chlorhexidine irrigation in the
      control of chronic periodontitis.
AB  - After initial scaling, root planing and cleaning of subcontact areas, chronic
      periodontitis patients received oral hygiene instruction consisting of Bass
      toothbrushing using a sodium fluoride toothpaste, but without stress on
      interdental cleaning. They were then assigned to two groups, one of which self
      administered 0.2% chlorhexidine solution subgingivally, once daily for 4 weeks,
      while the other was subjected to subgingival application of acrylic resin strips
      containing 40% metronidazole once weekly for 4 weeks. Plaque Index, Sulcus
      Bleeding Index, probeable pocket depth and gingival shrinkage were assessed for
      this treatment period and for a further 8 weeks. Highly significant improvements
      compared with baseline values were achieved and maintained to the end of the
      study. There were no significant differences between the groups at any time,
      except for Sulcus Bleeding Index which at Days 56 and 84 showed metronidazole to
      be superior. It was concluded that the regimens selected were equally effective
      in improving periodontal health over a 3-month period.

PMID- 6580419
TI  - The effect of a televised periodontal campaign on public periodontal awareness.
AB  - The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of the Minnesota
      Dental Association's 1979 to 1980 periodontal awareness television campaign in
      terms of (1) reaching the target population, (2) improving public knowledge
      regarding the major reason for tooth loss in adults and (3) increasing intended
      future preventive dental visits. Based on the Health Belief Model, a 30-second
      television message was developed presenting periodontal disease as an often
      overlooked but compelling reason to seek preventive dental care. The message was
      aimed at adults 18 years of age and older who did not visit the dentist
      regularly. It was broadcast 1280 times over two separate 6-week periods on 17
      statewide television stations. A postcampaign personal interview of a
      representative cross section of 1,000 Minnesota adults indicated that the
      campaign reached 79% of the population surveyed, or 786 individuals. Eighty-two
      percent (534) of the 654 individuals who made regular dental visits and 73% (252)
      of the 346 individuals who did not, indicated exposure to the message. Of the 786
      persons who viewed the message, 90% (707) correctly recalled the message content.
      Seventy-five percent (488) of the 654 individuals who made regular dental visits
      and 63% (219) of the 346 individuals who did not, correctly recalled the message
      content. As a result of exposure to the television campaign, 10% (76) of the 786
      viewers indicated their intention to make more preventive dental visits in the
      future. Among individuals stating such an intention were 10% (71) of the 707
      viewers who correctly recalled the message and six percent (5) of the 79 viewers
      who were not able to correctly recall the message content.

PMID- 6580420
TI  - Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. A transmission electron microscope
      study.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to provide additional evidence that in the lesions
      of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG), spirochetes and other
      microorganisms are capable of invading the nonnecrotic lamina propria of affected
      gingivae. Biopsies from eight patients with pathognomonic signs of ANUG were
      obtained under local anesthesia and processed for light and transmission electron
      microscopy. The results indicated that spirochetes and other bacteria are capable
      of penetrating the viable connective tissues of the lamina propria. The four
      zones of the ANUG lesion as first described by Listgarten were observed without
      difficulty. The maximum depth of bacterial infiltration into the lamina propria
      ranged from 155 to 400 microns from the nearest epithelial basal lamina. The
      histologic picture of the ANUG lesion did not always conform to the acute
      clinical manifestations.

PMID- 6580421
TI  - Incidence and extent of venous sequelae with intravenous diazepam utilizing a
      standardized conscious sedation technique. Part II: Effects of injection site.
AB  - The effects of site of venipuncture on the incidence of venous sequelae,
      utilizing a standard protocol, were assessed on 48 human subjects. Data were also
      recorded based on various demographic and clinical variables, including age, sex,
      race, vein diameter, dose, procedure time, IV fluid volume, injection pain and
      initial blood flow velocity. When the site of venipuncture was the antecubital
      fossa there was a significantly lower incidence of venous sequelae than when the
      venipuncture site was the dorsum of the hand, with the significant variables
      being venous diameter and procedure time. These findings further support the
      antecubital fossa as a preferred venipuncture site to the dorsum of the hand;
      however, there was a sufficient incidence of venous complications (37%) when the
      antecubital fossa was used to warrant consideration of contributory factors other
      than site. It appears that time of continuous infusion is a critical element and
      should be kept at a minimum. Also, subjects in whom Valium was injected
      demonstrated significantly more venous sequelae than those in whom 5% dextrose in
      water was injected, confirming previous reports that diazepam is irritating to
      the endothelial lining and thus is thrombogenic.

PMID- 6580422
TI  - Chronic pemphigus vulgaris of the gingiva. A case report with a 6-year follow-up.
AB  - Since the initial lesions of pemphigus vulgaris often appear in the oral cavity,
      dentists have a major role in the recognition and diagnosis of this condition.
      The patient reported here was seen with a mild gingival form of the disease and
      has been managed successfully for the past 6 years without systemic steroids and
      with minimal topical steroid therapy. For most of that period he was managed
      without medication. Various aspects of the disease, including diagnosis, the
      significance of pemphigus antibodies and therapy are reviewed to provide a better
      perspective on this case.

PMID- 6580423
TI  - Rapidly advancing periodontitis in a patient with sarcoidosis. A case report.
AB  - A brief review of sarcoidosis is presented. It is a multisystem granulomatous
      disease of unknown etiology. Typically the sarcoidosis patient manifests
      depressed T-cell function but has hyperactive B-cells. This case report deals
      with a 27-year old black female who was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. Prior to
      the onset of the disease, radiographs taken of her periodontium revealed
      incipient alveolar bone loss. Two years after the apparent onset of the
      sarcoidosis, periapical radiographs manifested advanced destruction of the
      alveolar bone. In addition to the usual clinical indices, the effect of the
      patient's serum on cultures of normal PMNs and Actinobacillus
      actinomycetemcomitans (A. a.) was studied. The serum from this patient inhibited
      the leukotoxic effect of the (A. a.) organism. A similar effect has been observed
      in juvenile patients with rapidly advancing periodontitis.

PMID- 6580424
TI  - Gingival findings in spontaneous scurvy. A case report.
AB  - This case report presents clinical observations of alterations in periodontally
      diseased soft tissues associated with the development of scurvy. The sudden
      clinical appearance of the gingival lesions suggested a differential diagnosis of
      scurvy, acute leukemia and diabetes. Such lesions may develop prior to or
      simultaneous with extraoral findings. Coordination of systemic and local therapy
      effectively resolved the disease state. The dentist may be the first source of
      consultation for the patient with scurvy. An appreciation for this rare but
      potentially devastating condition is necessary for satisfactory management of the
      disease.

PMID- 6580425
TI  - Microbiological study of localized juvenile periodontitis in Panama.
AB  - The occurrence of subgingival Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and
      Capnocytophaga in 12 localized juvenile periodontitis and 10 gingivitis patients
      from Panama was determined using selective culture techniques. A
      actinomycetemcomitans was present in all localized juvenile periodontitis lesions
      studied and was, on average, recovered in hundred-fold-higher numbers from
      localized juvenile periodontitis lesions than from gingivitis lesions.
      Capnocytophaga was only recovered in approximately threefold-higher numbers from
      localized juvenile periodontitis than from gingivitis. The study confirms and
      extends previous data indicating a close relationship between A
      actinomycetemcomitans and localized juvenile periodontitis. It is proposed that
      identification of A actinomycetemcomitans may be a valuable adjunct in the
      diagnosis of localized juvenile periodontitis.

PMID- 6580426
TI  - The potential for increase in the periodontal diseases of the aged population.
AB  - The periodontal disease trends in the nation's older adults aged 55 to 74 years
      are assessed using National Center for Health Statistics data spanning an
      approximate 12-year period. Both the 1960 to 1962 Health Examination Survey and
      the 1971 to 1974 Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I surveys used similar
      multistaged stratified probability samples. Examinations were calibrated and the
      collection of periodontal disease (PI), oral hygiene (OHI) and tooth loss scores
      were standardized. Data were collected on 1567 persons in 1960 to 1962 and 4746
      persons in 1971 to 1974. The mean PI scores between the two surveys were not
      statistically different. However, when the periodontal diseases were divided into
      individuals with or without pockets, there was a significant decline in the per
      cent without pockets (P less than 0.001) while the per cent with pockets remained
      unchanged or increased. The significant reduction in OHI scores (P less than
      0.02) seems to validate the decrease in gingivitis. The improvement in tooth loss
      was reflected by both the greater proportion of dentulous adults, and among the
      dentulous, a retention of more than two teeth per person by 1971 to 1974. A
      hypothesis is discussed regarding tooth retention and the periodontal diseases
      with projections for the year 2000.

PMID- 6580427
TI  - Squamous odontogenic tumor. A lesion of the periodontium.
AB  - The squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) is a benign lesion of the periodontium most
      probably arising from the rests of Malassez. Most lesions are solitary tumors but
      multiple lesions may occur. There is equal distribution in the jaws with the
      posterior mandible and anterior maxilla, the most common sites. The majority of
      patients are under age 32 and there is no sex predilection. Radiographically the
      usual appearance is a triangular or semicircular radiolucency of alveolar bone
      with sclerotic and/or scalloped margins. Clinical findings include sensitivity of
      teeth, mobility and movement of teeth and deep pocket formation. The maxillary
      lesions tend to be more aggressive than those of the mandible, and extensive
      resection may be required. In most cases, however, conservative surgery appears
      adequate. The histopathologic findings are now clearly delineated so that the SOT
      should not be confused with ameloblastoma or epidermoid carcinoma.

PMID- 6580428
TI  - Psoriasis. Palatal manifestations and physiologic considerations.
AB  - The histologic and clinical criteria for psoriasis involving the palate are
      discussed. A review of the literature shows the present case to be the fifth well
      documented one in the literature. A possible explanation for the rarity of
      clinical manifestations in the oral cavity is presented.

PMID- 6580429
TI  - Bone loss in the elderly.

PMID- 6580430
TI  - The use of graphoanalysis for complete denture patient evaluation.

PMID- 6580431
TI  - Marginal leakage of microfilled composite resin restorations.

PMID- 6580432
TI  - Repairing voids at cavosurface-composite resin margins.

PMID- 6580433
TI  - Use of high-copper casting alloys: marginal fit of cast copings.

PMID- 6580434
TI  - A viable alternative: tooth transplantation.

PMID- 6580435
TI  - Compound splint for comminuted mandibular fracture.
AB  - Maintenance of an adequate airway, control of bleeding, and neurologic evaluation
      should take precedence over treatment of facial injuries. Comminuted mandibular
      fractures are rare and require the use of complex splints. Severe lacerations and
      bone displacement accompany comminuted mandibular fractures. Extraoral facial
      splints constructed from donor facial moulages can be used along with intraoral
      splints for these patients. Preaccident photographs and radiographs are excellent
      aids to help realign the fractured segments. The use of an extraoral "donor"
      splint in conjunction with an intraoral splint to stabilize comminuted mandibular
      fracture helps to eliminate unnecessary gross removal of mandibular bone.

PMID- 6580436
TI  - A technique for making a facial moulage under general anesthesia.
AB  - A technique for making a facial moulage under general anesthesia has been
      described. Where there is a need to form an impression of the face, especially in
      handicapped and young patients, the procedure is simple and timesaving.

PMID- 6580437
TI  - Analysis of stress produced by a maxillary mouthstick prosthesis.

PMID- 6580438
TI  - Centric relation as the treatment position.
AB  - Centric relation should be considered as "the most superior position of the
      mandibular condyles with the central bearing area of the disk in contact with the
      articular surfaces of the mandibular condyles and the articular eminences." This
      relationship is justifiable on analysis of the morphology and function of temporo
      mandibular joint structures.

PMID- 6580439
TI  - Influence of the vertical dimension in the treatment of myofascial pain
      dysfunction syndrome.
AB  - Occlusal splints constructed at three different vertical heights were used to
      study the influence of vertical dimension in the etiology of bruxism and MPD
      syndrome. The vertical dimension of least EMG activity was determined for each of
      75 patients who were randomly divided into three groups according to the vertical
      dimension at which the occlusal splint was constructed. Group I occlusal splints
      were constructed at 1 mm from the occlusal vertical dimension, group II splints
      at 4.42 mm, and group III splints at 8.15 mm. Results showed a faster and more
      complete reduction in clinical symptoms for groups II and III than for group I.
      The temporary use of occlusal splints with a vertical height exceeding the
      physiologic rest position did not encourage a greater muscular tonus or
      hyperactivity of jaw muscles. It can be concluded that elongation of elevator
      muscles to or near the vertical dimension of least EMG activity by means of
      occlusal splints is more effective in producing neuromuscular relaxation.

PMID- 6580440
TI  - Superior and inferior bellies of the lateral pterygoid muscle EMG activity at
      basic jaw positions.

PMID- 6580441
TI  - Histologic changes in rat masticatory muscles subsequent to experimental increase
      of the occlusal vertical dimension.
AB  - Histologic changes in various masticatory muscles were studied in Wistar rats
      from 12 hours to 84 days after an experimental increase of the occlusal vertical
      dimension. The increases applied (1 to 2 mm) were based on the amount of
      interocclusal space (1 mm) in the rat. A sequence of tissue reaction from early
      acute inflammatory destruction of myofibers to healing with myofiber regeneration
      was most pronounced in the deep masseter muscle of the 2 mm group (12 hours to 21
      days). A similar sequence was also observed to a lesser degree in the superficial
      masseter and anterior temporal muscles, while no changes were detectable in the
      posterior temporal, medial pterygoid, and anterior digastric muscles of this
      group. Variable severity of tissue response in different masticatory muscles
      might be attributable to the amount of stretching of myofibers as a result of an
      increased occlusal vertical dimension. On the other hand, degenerative atrophy of
      myofibers in the lateral pterygoid muscle occurred within 2 days with no sign of
      inflammation, and these condensed myofibers persisted as late as 84 days. Based
      on these findings, it was suggested that displacement of the mandibular condyle
      would exert an important influence on the prognosis after an increase in the
      occlusal vertical dimension. Only a transient acute inflammation occurred in the
      deep and superficial masseter muscles in the 1 mm group. Except for a small
      number of condensed myofibers in the lateral pterygoid muscle, degenerative
      changes of myofibers were not revealed. Therefore, increasing the occlusal
      vertical dimension within the extent of the interocclusal space might be regarded
      as appropriate for prosthodontic practices.

PMID- 6580442
TI  - A method for recording occlusal positions on removable partial denture
      frameworks.

PMID- 6580443
TI  - Strength increases with the use of jaw positioners.

PMID- 6580444
TI  - Murine Sertoli cells: major histocompatibility antigens and glycoconjugates.
AB  - Sertoli cells, cultured from testes of 2-3-week-old Balb/c mice, contain
      tripartite nucleoli, exhibit phagocytic function, and have the typical
      morphologic appearance of Sertoli cells by light microscopy, transmission and
      scanning electron microscopy. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis
      indicated the presence on mouse. Sertoli cells of H-2 but not Ia antigens. Alpha
      D-mannose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine determinants are detected on Sertoli cell
      surface by inhibition of lectin binding using appropriate sugars. Interaction of
      Sertoli cells with concanavalin A (Con A) or wheatgerm agglutinin (WGA) results
      in rapid patching of the labeled lectin, which become internalized as perinuclear
      vesicles. These changes are accompanied by rounding of the Sertoli cell,
      mimicking cellular changes known to occur when fat Sertoli cells are stimulated
      in vitro by FSH or cyclic AMP. Thus, Sertoli cells have surface alloantigens that
      permit them to serve as target to cytotoxic T lymphocytes, but not as antigen
      presenting cells.

PMID- 6580445
TI  - A prospective analysis of the frequency, course, and possible prognostic
      significance of the joint manifestations of childhood leukemia.
AB  - During a 2-year prospective study of 28 leukemic children (24, acute lymphocytic
      leukemia [ALL]; 4, non-ALL) unselected for musculoskeletal symptoms, objective
      joint findings were present in 14 cases (p = 0.001 vs normal controls). These
      findings varied in severity, were most frequently present in the knee (12 of 14
      children), and were found most frequently only at disease onset (7 of 14). The
      group with joint abnormalities had a higher frequency of functionally significant
      joint complaints prior to diagnosis of leukemia (p = less than 0.01) and
      radiographic abnormalities of periarticular bone of the knees and ankles (p =
      less than 0.10). Four of the 5 children with ALL who died had joint findings, a
      trend whose significance is uncertain because of unequal followup periods.

PMID- 6580446
TI  - Anorexia nervosa--a preventable illness?

PMID- 6580447
TI  - The Michigan Department of Health: an acorn sprouts.

PMID- 6580448
TI  - Veterinary dentistry at the Detroit Zoological Parks.

PMID- 6580449
TI  - Endodontic practice habits of Michigan general dentists.

PMID- 6580450
TI  - Attitudes of Michigan general dentists toward undergraduate and continuing
      education curriculums in endodontics.

PMID- 6580451
TI  - Credentials committee.

PMID- 6580452
TI  - In search of excellence: JCAH medical staff standards.

PMID- 6580453
TI  - Improved echocardiographic visualization in emphysematous subjects.

PMID- 6580454
TI  - The Blue Shield of New Jersey second surgical opinion program.

PMID- 6580455
TI  - Thymoma: unusual case and review of the literature.

PMID- 6580456
TI  - Evaluation of hospital and commercial toxic screens.

PMID- 6580457
TI  - Sexual abuse of children: rape and incest.

PMID- 6580458
TI  - Temporary vocal cord paralysis in fibrosing mediastinitis.

PMID- 6580459
TI  - Phimosis: a cause of renal failure.

PMID- 6580460
TI  - Health and health care systems.

PMID- 6580461
TI  - Physician-owned companies and New York rate rise.

PMID- 6580462
TI  - Learning-disabled children, schools, and doctors.

PMID- 6580463
TI  - A perinatal program in a community hospital.

PMID- 6580464
TI  - Cancer prevention study II.

PMID- 6580465
TI  - Acute pleural effusion induced by ampicillin.

PMID- 6580466
TI  - Message from the American Medical Association.

PMID- 6580468
TI  - Surgeon's role in treatment of breast cancer.

PMID- 6580467
TI  - Impaired physicians program. Support groups.

PMID- 6580469
TI  - Measurement of prostaglandin biosynthetic capacity in discrete areas of the
      rabbit hippocampal formation.
AB  - Assay conditions sensitive enough to measure prostaglandin (PG) biosynthetic
      capacity in discrete brain areas have been developed. Serial sections of the
      rabbit hippocampal formation were dissected from the brain, frozen, and 16 micron
      sections were cut and freeze dried. The assay was performed with 40-200
      micrograms dry weight of tissue in a 30 microliter incubation volume containing
      high specific activity arachidonic acid. The whole hippocampal formation slice or
      its subdivisions (subiculum, dentate gyrus, and hippocampus) when assayed
      individually demonstrated the ability to produce approximately 30-50 pmol/mg dry
      weight PGF2 alpha, PGE2, and lesser amounts of PGD2 (in a ratio of 1:0.8:0.3). A
      modest yet significant increase in PGE2 production was measured in the dentate
      gyrus when compared to PGE2 formation in the subiculum or hippocampus. An intact
      PGE2 isomerase was confirmed in the hippocampal formation slice by incubations
      with PGH2 endoperoxide. These results demonstrate that quantitative histochemical
      techniques can be used to measure PG metabolism in microscopic regions of brain.

PMID- 6580470
TI  - Chronic myelogenous leukemia. Development of blast crisis with both lymphoid and
      myeloid features.
AB  - A 50-year-old man had chronic myelogenous leukemia and entered a blast crisis
      that was both morphologically and histochemically lymphoid. The blasts contained
      terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase and expressed lymphoblastic leukemia
      associated antigen. He rapidly entered remission with vincristine sulfate and
      prednisone therapy. Nevertheless, his blasts displayed a marker generally
      considered unique to myeloid cells: they selectively bound the granulocyte
      chemotaxin N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe. In addition, some cells contained granules
      resembling those of basophils or mast cells. Such mixed myeloid-lymphoid features
      in chronic myelogenous leukemia blast cells may reflect malignant transformation
      of a stem cell capable of both myeloid and lymphoid differentiation, or they may
      reflect the dedifferentiation as a feature of malignant change.

PMID- 6580471
TI  - [Clinical analysis of long-term survivors of acute leukemia in adults].

PMID- 6580472
TI  - [ALL with CNS involvement and 8 hematologic relapses during 12 years--a case
      study].

PMID- 6580473
TI  - [Chronic myelogenous leukemia with megakaryoblastic crisis revealed by the
      presence of platelet peroxidase].

PMID- 6580474
TI  - Cytogenetic approaches to the clarification of pathogenesis in lymphoid
      malignancies: clinicopathologic characterization of 14q+ marker-positive non-T
      cell malignancies.
AB  - The clinicopathologic features of 53 patients with various types of non-T-cell
      malignancies were compared with the karyotypic findings. Although all chromosomes
      underwent numerical and structural rearrangements, a 14q+ marker chromosome
      (14q32 translocation), which was found in 31 patients, was the single most common
      abnormality. In terms of survival, no significant difference was noted between
      the 14q+ positive and negative patients. Donor chromosomes of a 14q32
      translocation, which were identified in 27 patients, were quite variable.
      However, certain chromosomes were predisposed to act as donor chromosomes in the
      14q32 translocation. An 8;14 translocation [t(8;14) (q24;q32)] was found in six
      patients with diffuse non-Burkitt's lymphoma and in four patients with Burkitt's
      lymphoma-leukemia; in all these patients a stem line or the subline with a
      t(8;14) had partial trisomy for 1q. An 11;14 translocation [t(11;14) (q13;q32)]
      was observed in one patient each with diffuse or follicular lymphoma and in two
      with myeloma; three of the four patients had also structural rearrangements of
      chromosome 1 in the same cells. A 14;18 translocation [t(14;18) (q32;q21)] was
      found in six patients with follicular lymphoma and in one with diffuse lymphoma;
      however, no common involvement of other chromosomes was detected among clones of
      these abnormal cells with a t(14;18). The median survival was 8 months for
      patients with a t(8;14) and 39 months for patients with a t(11;14). The
      difference between the two survival curves was of borderline significance [p =
      0.06]. In contrast, patients with a t(14;18) survived significantly longer than
      those with a t(8;14) [p less than 0.001] or those with a t(11;14) [p = 0.03].
      These findings revealed that in non-T-cell malignancies, the clinicopathologic
      features of the patients with a 14q+ marker depend upon the precise 14q32
      translocation and the subsequent karyotypic evolution, although the translocation
      was not always correlated with a particular type of lymphoid malignancy.

PMID- 6580475
TI  - PaO2 and intratracheal pressure in oscillatory ventilation in experimental
      respiratory failure.
AB  - In order to study the effect of high frequency ventilation on the pulmonary gas
      exchange in respiratory failure, we measured the PaO2 and other pulmonary gas
      exchange parameters for ventilatory rates of 0.5, 1.2, 4.8, and 16 Hz in dogs, to
      which acute respiratory failure was created by intravenous infusion of oleic
      acid. Either the mean intratracheal pressure or the end-tidal intratracheal
      pressure was controlled. A loud-speaker ventilator of our own design was modified
      so as to enable variation of the intratracheal pressure. Ventilation was measured
      using an ultrasonic instrument which counts the number of turbulent eddies. The
      tidal volume was set slightly higher than that was determined for healthy
      animals, but the resulting PaCO2 values were consistently higher than normal when
      PaO2 values were low. With the mean intratracheal pressure kept constant at 5,
      10, and 15 cm H2O, PaO2 values with the FIO2 of 1 were between 41 and 46 at mPit
      of 5, 65 and 82 at 10 cm H2O, 278 and 423 at 15 cm H2O. No increase in PaO2 was
      observed with the increase in respiratory frequencies. If anything, a slight
      reduction in PaO2 at 8 and 16 Hz was observed, though not statistically
      significant. With the end-tidal intratracheal pressure constant, PaO2 varied but
      again correlated well with the mPit.

PMID- 6580476
TI  - Effect of polyamines on acidified ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats.
AB  - The participation of polyamines and nonprotein sulfhydryls in the gastric
      cytoprotective mechanisms was studied using gastric mucosal lesions produced by
      acidified ethanol in rats as an experimental model. Treatment with prostaglandin
      E2 (PGE2), but not cimetidine, prevented the formation of gastric mucosal
      lesions. Oral administration of cadaverine, spermidine and spermine prevented the
      lesion formation by acidified ethanol in a dose-dependent manner. Indomethacin or
      acetazolamide had no influence on the cytoprotective effect of spermine, whereas
      sulfhydryl blockers such as iodoacetamide and N-ethylmaleimide partially blocked
      it. Sulfhydryl compounds such as cysteine, reduced glutathione (GSH), and
      cysteamine prevented the lesion formation induced by acidified ethanol. The
      concentration of nonprotein sulfhydryls in the gastric mucosa was significantly
      decreased at 1 hr after administration of acidified ethanol, and this decrease
      was partially prevented by spermine or PGE2. These results suggest that the
      cytoprotective effect of spermine may not be mediated by endogenous
      prostaglandins or alkaline secretion in the gastric mucosa, but may be partially
      related to endogenous sulfhydryl compounds.

PMID- 6580477
TI  - [Correlation among gallium-67 scintigraphy, broncho-alveolar lavage, and
      pathological changes of the lung in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis].

PMID- 6580478
TI  - Sequential morphologic changes during methapyrilene-induced hepatocellular
      carcinogenesis in rats.
AB  - The pathogenesis of hepatocellular tumors induced in F344 rats by the
      antihistaminic methapyrilene was investigated by light and electron microscopy in
      a serial sacrifice study. Eosinophilic foci of altered hepatocytes were found in
      portal areas after 1 week of treatment, the eosinophilia being caused by
      proliferation of mitochondria. Eosinophilic neoplastic nodules developed from
      such lesions after 16 weeks of treatment. Hepatocellular carcinomas developed
      after 26 weeks of treatment. Mitochondrial proliferation, which had been found as
      a marker for hepatocytes altered by this compound at 1 week of treatment, was
      still present in the hepatocellular carcinomas, which therefore met the
      morphologic criteria of oncocytomas.

PMID- 6580479
TI  - Modulation of deoxycytidine metabolism in vivo with high-dose thymidine in mice.
AB  - The question of whether selective biochemical modulation of deoxycytidine (dCyd)
      metabolism by thymidine (dThd) could be quantitated in vivo was addressed. Plasma
      clearance of [5-3H]dCyd was altered significantly by prior administration (2 hr)
      of dThd (3,600 mg/kg). The plasma half-life (beta-phase) of [5-3H]dCyd was raised
      approximately fourfold by dThd. Although dThd consistently caused an increase in
      the [5-3H]dCyd incorporated into the DNA of the spleen, duodenum, and femur
      marrow, there was no clear-cut difference between normal (BALB/c X DBA/2)F1 mice
      and L1210 tumor-bearing (BALB/c X DBA/2)F1 mice that could be translated into a
      selective advantage. Analysis of tritiated nucleotides in the spleens of normal
      and L1210 tumor-bearing mice indicated a greater incorporation of [5-3H]dCyd into
      the dCyd nucleotide pools of L1210 tumor-bearing mice than of normal mice. An
      analysis with the use of the proportionality constant kappa representing the
      combined effects of transport, pool sizes, and metabolic incorporation of [5
      3H]dCyd into DNA showed that kappa decreased in each organ studied after dThd
      administration.

PMID- 6580480
TI  - Body weight, dietary practices, and tumor susceptibility in the rat.
AB  - The mature body weight of outbred CD-Crl:COBS CD(SD)BR male rats permitted to
      select their own diets throughout life was shown to correlate linearly with the
      frequency of spontaneous tumors. In an analysis of the dietary practices of these
      animals, a multifactorial model was derived--for which prepuberty and early post
      puberty data only were used--that accounted for a large proportion of the
      variance in mature weight. The level of food or calorie intake proved less
      informative than the following: the interactive effects of food intake relative
      to body weight, the proportion of protein and carbohydrate constituents in the
      diet, the intake of each of these components, and, particularly, the efficiency
      with which the diet consumed was used for growth during early postweaning life.
      In a prospective study of other rats maintained on a similar feeding regimen, the
      model was found to be an accurate predictor of mature weight. Several of the
      explanatory factors necessary for estimation of body weight also contributed to
      tumor susceptibility. Nonetheless, both dietary and body weight-related factors
      in a specific time-related sequence were required to explain variation in
      spontaneous tumor susceptibility.

PMID- 6580481
TI  - Metabolism and activation of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine and methylhydrazine, two
      products of nitrosodimethylamine reductive biotransformation, in rats.
AB  - Nitrosodimethylamine (DMN) and two of its metabolites, methylhydrazine (MH) and
      1,1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH), were metabolized to CO2 by liver slices obtained
      from Sprague-Dawley rats. Under the conditions used, DMN and MH produced reactive
      metabolites that bound covalently to nucleic acids, but UDMH did not. Rat liver
      microsomes or 9,000 X g supernatants were able to transform DMN, MH, and UDMH to
      CH2O. In the cases of MH and UDMH, enzymatic and nonenzymatic pathways of CH2O
      formation were observed in both liver microsomes and 9,000 X g supernatants. DMN,
      MH, and UDMH led to covalent binding (CB) to proteins in incubation mixtures
      containing either microsomes or 9,000 X g supernatants. In the case of DMN, the
      process was enzymatic and required NADPH in both cellular fractions. In the case
      of MH, the process was enzymatic in microsomes and required NADPH and O2. With
      UDMH or MH and 9,000 X g supernatants, nonenzymatic interactions resulting in CB
      to proteins dominated. All these results suggest that part of the CO2 produced
      during DMN metabolism might be derived from UDMH and MH. Similarly, a significant
      part of the CB of DMN metabolites to proteins in incubation mixtures containing
      microsomes or 9,000 X g supernatants might be derived from enzymatic and
      nonenzymatic reactions of UDMH or MH. Also, a minor part of the CB of DMN
      reactive metabolites to nucleic acids might have resulted from MH's further
      biotransformation to reactive metabolites. Overall, biotransformation of DMN and
      MH might not be a detoxication process, as previously thought, but one related to
      some of the DMN toxic effects.

PMID- 6580482
TI  - Effect of the synthetic protease inhibitor [N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-methyl 4-(4
      guanidinobenzoyloxy)-phenylacetate] methanesulfate on carcinogenesis by 3
      methylcholanthrene in mouse skin.
AB  - The effect of the potent synthetic protease inhibitor [N,N
      dimethylcarbamoylmethyl 4-(4-guanidinobenzoyloxy)-phenylacetate] methanesulfate
      (FOY-305) on skin carcinogenesis in ddY mice was examined over a total
      observation period of 105 days. Administration of 0.1% FOY-305 in the diet
      suppressed the incidence of carcinomas induced by repeated local application of
      the carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) (P less than .05) in mouse skin and
      delayed the time of appearance of the skin tumors (P less than .001). There was
      no significant difference in the number of tumors per tumor-bearing mouse and the
      size of the tumors between mice treated with MCA and mice treated with MCA plus
      FOY-305.

PMID- 6580483
TI  - Endocardial tumors in rats exposed to durable fibrous materials.
AB  - Endocardial tumors in the rat found in association with intrathoracic
      implantation of durable fibrous materials are reported here for the first time.
      In Osborne-Mendel female rats, endocardial tumors occurred in 3 of 50 rats
      associated with the implantation of fiberglass greater than 5 micron in length
      and 1-3 micron in diameter, in 1 of 15 rats associated with fiberglass of 0.03 X
      3 micron, and in 1 of 15 rats associated with pulverized glass fiber. The
      intrathoracic administrations of pulverized chrysotile, of cigarette smoke
      condensate and crocidolite, and of coarse cotton lint, and of intravenous
      injections of air particulate extract were associated with endocardial tumor in 1
      of 15 rats each. The dimensions of the durable fibers associated with endocardial
      tumors were similar to those of carcinogenic asbestos. Endocardial tumors were
      not observed in concurrently studied control rats.

PMID- 6580484
TI  - Decreased sensitivity to colchicine-mediated inhibition of metabolite uptake in
      isolated hepatoma cells.
AB  - The effects of colchicine on the incorporation of [3H]-leucine and [3H]thymidine
      were studied in inbred BUF rats bearing Morris hepatomas and in isolated hepatoma
      cells and hepatocytes. The results confirmed previous work by other investigators
      that uptake of amino acids in hepatomas can be inhibited by colchicine (250
      micrograms/100 body wt) under conditions in which uptake is not impeded in host
      liver. Uptake and incorporation of [3H]thymidine in hepatomas were also more
      sensitive to inhibition by colchicine. Evidence was obtained that these
      inhibitory effects on incorporation were diminished in isolated cells and were
      similar for isolated hepatoma cells and hepatocytes. The data did not exclude
      alternative mechanisms, but they were compatible with a previous suggestion that
      an effect of colchicine on circulation in hepatomas may be a factor in the
      inhibitory action on metabolite uptake.

PMID- 6580485
TI  - Reserpine and carcinogenesis: inhibition of carcinoma formation in mice.
AB  - Long-term administration of reserpine, an alkaloid, significantly retarded the
      induction of squamous cell carcinomas by a chemical carcinogen, 3
      methylcholanthrene (MCA) in Swiss male albino mice. The incidence and development
      of carcinomas in mice simultaneously treated with reserpine and MCA was notably
      lowered as compared to those occurring in mice treated with MCA alone at any time
      interval. DNA synthesis and the percentage of labeled cells with [3H]thymidine
      was also significantly decreased in the nuclei of tumor cells following reserpine
      and MCA administration as compared to the findings for cells treated with MCA
      alone (18.50 and 39.00%, respectively). Electron microscopic and cytologic
      observations of tumors revealed the predominance of large areas of cytolysis and
      disintegration with an increase of lysosomes, myelin figures, and a decrease of
      mitochondria and polyribosome populations in tumor cells treated with reserpine
      and MCA, as compared to those results after treatment with MCA only. These
      findings demonstrate that reserpine significantly inhibited the carcinoma
      induction by a chemical carcinogen (MCA) in mice, possibly by inducing an
      advanced cytolysis and decreasing DNA synthesis in mouse tumor cells.

PMID- 6580486
TI  - Possible role of glutathione in the antitumor effect of a copper-containing
      synthetic superoxide dismutase in mice.
AB  - The effect of glutathione and a glutathione reductase inhibitor on the antitumor
      effect of Cu(II)(3,5-diisopropylsalicylate)2 (CuDIPS) was studied. CuDIPS is a
      low-molecular-weight copper coordination compound that exhibits superoxide
      dismutase-like activity. CuDIPS had antitumor activity against intraperitoneal
      Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in Swiss mice. A single ip injection of glutathione
      partially eliminated the antitumor effect of CuDIPS, whereas a single ip
      injection of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea enhanced the antitumor effect
      of CuDIPS. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that CuDIPS exerts
      part of its antitumor effect by producing H2O2.

PMID- 6580487
TI  - Fibrin clot retractile activity in normal, established, and tumorigenic human
      epithelial cells in culture.
AB  - Normal and established human epithelial cell lines obtained from the same organs
      were compared for their capacity to retract a fibrin clot. Fibrin clot retraction
      was maximal in normal epithelial cells, reduced in established nontumorigenic
      lines, and lost in tumorigenic cancer cell lines. Fibrin clot retraction
      efficiency seemed to be related to the degree of cellular spreading within the
      clot at the end of the test. Previous works and the present study suggest that
      fibrin clot retraction is correlated with some steps of cell transformation in
      vitro.

PMID- 6580488
TI  - Urinary excretion of beta-aminoisobutyrate and pseudouridine in acute and chronic
      myeloid leukemia.
AB  - End products of nucleic acid metabolism including beta-aminoisobutyrate (beta
      AIB) and pseudouridine (psi-Urd) have been considered as potential biochemical
      markers for cancer. The urinary excretion of both metabolites was investigated in
      abnormal hematopoietic conditions including 26 patients with acute myeloid
      leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and was compared to that of 25
      healthy controls. beta-AIB excretion in CML was directly correlated to the
      leukocyte count, the indicator of tumor cell mass. beta-AIB excretion was
      elevated in 27 and 75% of untreated AML and CML cases, respectively. Marrow blast
      cell content tended to correlate positively with psi-Urd excretion in AML. psi
      Urd excretion was elevated in 82 and 87% of untreated AML and CML, respectively.
      Turnover of hematopoietic cells seemed to be a determinant for beta-AIB
      excretion, indicating higher cell turnover in CML patients compared to that in
      AML patients and in controls. With cytostatic treatment, excretion levels of beta
      AIB and/or psi-Urd decreased after a transient rise.

PMID- 6580489
TI  - Immunodiagnosis of colorectal cancer: clinical evaluation of Tennessee antigen
      (Tenagen).
AB  - Blood samples from 172 consecutive patients undergoing complete colon
      investigations to exclude colorectal cancer (CC) were examined for levels of
      Tennessee antigen, i.e., Tenagen (Tg), and carcinoembryonic antigen. Patients
      included 48 with CC, 34 with adenomatous polyps, 14 with colitis, and 76 with no
      organic mucosal disease. All patients were investigated by the one clinical and
      histopathology department. Laboratory estimations were performed blindly.
      Although there were some statistically significant differences among average
      values, the degree of overlap among the groups of patients precludes the
      practical application of Tg in the diagnosis of CC.

PMID- 6580490
TI  - Analysis of natural killer cell cytotoxicity of cancer patients treated with
      recombinant interferon.
AB  - Peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity of 24 cancer patients was
      studied prior to and after single and multiple injections of various doses of
      human leukocyte recombinant interferon-alpha clone A (IFN-alpha rA). The NK cell
      cytotoxicity of all cancer patients declined consistently 4 and 8 hours after a
      single injection of IFN-alpha rA. Twenty-four hours after the injection of IFN
      alpha rA, NK cell cytotoxicity of patients with low NK cell phenotype (NK-LR) was
      significantly augmented, whereas that of patients with medium (NK-MR) or high (NK
      HR) NK phenotype was depressed. After multiple injections of IFN-alpha rA,
      depression of NK cell cytotoxicity was observed in a number of NK-MR and NK-HR
      patients, but in some patients with NK-LR phenotype, further potentiation was
      observed. No direct correlation between the NK cell augmentation and serum IFN
      levels was detected. In in vitro studies, IFN-alpha rA, when added to cultures of
      target and effector cells of normal individuals in a dose of 10(3) U/ml, was
      efficient in augmenting NK cell cytotoxicity. NK cell cytotoxicity of cancer
      patients could also be augmented by the IFN-alpha rA preparation; however, this
      augmentation occurred only prior to in vivo IFN-alpha rA therapy. After IFN-alpha
      rA in vivo therapy, their NK cells became refractory to further in vitro IFN
      alpha rA treatment.

PMID- 6580491
TI  - Second cancers after radiotherapy and chemotherapy for early stages of Hodgkin's
      disease.
AB  - In a population of 334 patients treated for Hodgkin's disease by the European
      Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer between 1964 and 1971, 21
      patients with second primary cancers (SC) were observed: 4 patients with acute
      leukemias, 3 with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and 14 with solid tumors. Time to SC
      ranged from 2 to 16 years after initial treatment. The relative risk (RR) of
      acute leukemia for the patients with Hodgkin's disease as compared to the general
      population was 40 (P less than .001). The RR of leukemia in patients treated by
      polychemotherapy--mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone--for
      relapse was 300 (P less than .001). However, the RR of leukemia for those
      patients who did not experience a relapse was 14 (not significant). The RR of
      other SC in the overall group was 3.76 (P less than .001). For patients whose
      relapses were treated by polychemotherapy the RR of SC, leukemia excepted, was 26
      (P less than .001), whereas for patients not treated by polychemotherapy for
      relapse the RR was slightly increased (RR = 3.67; P = .027). The cumulative
      proportions of acute leukemia at 10 years were 0.7% in the "no-relapse" group and
      2.7% in the polychemotherapy group. The cumulative proportions of other SC at 10
      years was 1.3% in the no-relapse group, 7.2% in the group of patients not treated
      by polychemotherapy after relapse, and 8.4% in the polychemotherapy group. The
      first important risk factor for developing an SC was polychemotherapy, and the
      second was age over 40 years. These data suggest that combination chemotherapy
      may be responsible for both acute leukemias and other SC.

PMID- 6580492
TI  - Attempt to prevent doxorubicin-induced acute human myocardial morphologic damage
      with acetylcysteine.
AB  - Doxorubicin induced acute as well as chronic myocardial morphologic alterations.
      Twenty patients with normal cardiovascular function were randomized to 2 groups
      based on age and dose of doxorubicin. Group I received placebo 1 hour before
      doxorubicin administration; group II received acetylcysteine (N-acetyl-L
      cysteine) (Nac) 1 hour before doxorubicin. Endomyocardial biopsies were performed
      at base line at 4 and 24 hours after doxorubicin administration. Biopsy tissue
      was viewed by electron microscopy, and stereoscopic techniques were used to
      determine tubular and mitochondrial area. The change of the tubular area was
      similar in the 2 groups, was maximum at 4 hours, and was proportionately spread
      throughout the cell. The mitochondrial swelling was also similar in the 2 groups
      and proportionate throughout the cell but was maximum at 24 hours. This study
      demonstrated that the acute doxorubicin-induced damage was diffuse and not
      prevented by Nac.

PMID- 6580493
TI  - A phase I trial of beta-all-trans-retinoic acid delivered via a collagen sponge
      and a cervical cap for mild or moderate intraepithelial cervical neoplasia.
AB  - A phase I trial was conducted of the vitamin A derivative beta-all-trans-retinoic
      acid (vitamin A acid; TRA), delivered via a collagen sponge and cervical cap for
      mild or moderate intraepithelial cervical neoplasia. On the basis of known skin
      and mucosal membrane toxicity, a concentration of 0.05% TRA in a cream-based
      vehicle was selected as the starting dose and was escalated later with the use of
      a modified Fibonacchi scale. The delivery device and the TRA were changed daily
      for 4 days, and side effects were assessed on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 30 by
      clinical and colposcopic examination. Vaginal, cervical, and systemic toxicity
      were evaluated in 35 patients. No dose-related systemic effects were found; mild
      cervical inflammation increased in many patients at higher doses. Unacceptably
      high vaginal toxicity was reached at a TRA concentration of 0.484%. A
      concentration of 0.372% TRA is recommended for use in phase II trials in mild and
      moderate cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

PMID- 6580494
TI  - Dexamethasone, prostaglandin A, and retinoic acid modulation of murine and human
      melanoma cells grown in soft agar.
AB  - The cloning efficiencies of a murine melanoma cell line (S91 CCL 53.1) and a
      human melanoma cell strain (C8146c) were inhibited by dexamethasone (DEX),
      prostaglandin A1 (PGA1), and beta-all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) in a dose
      dependent manner. Murine melanoma tumor colony-forming units (MTCFU) were
      inhibited more than 99% by DEX (1 X 10(-7) M) and RA (1 X 10(-7) M) with a
      concentration needed to produce a 50% reduction in colony formation for both
      hormones of 5 X 10(-9) M. Combinations of DEX and RA effected a synergistic
      inhibition on colony formation, which was reflected by a 11/2 log reduction in
      the hormone concentration needed to produce a greater than 99% inhibition of
      colony formation. When PGA1 was added to DEX and RA, a greater than additive
      reduction in colony formation was observed. Human MTCFU from cell strain C8146c
      were inhibited more than 85% at an RA concentration of 1 X 10(-7) M, but they
      were reduced only to 40% of control at a DEX concentration of 1 X 10(-6) M. DEX
      RA produced an additive inhibition of colony formation. Addition of submaximal
      amounts of PGA1 to DEX-RA combinations or to either hormone alone resulted in
      synergistic reduction of human MTCFU. These results demonstrated that the
      proliferative potential of human and murine melanomas can be simultaneously
      regulated by DEX, PGA1, and RA.

PMID- 6580495
TI  - Nude mouse model of the melanosis syndrome.
AB  - The occurrence of diffuse hyperpigmentation secondary to a xenografted human
      malignant melanoma was observed in nude mice. The patient from whom this cell
      line was established developed cutaneous hyperpigmentation after his disease
      became disseminated. Light and electron microscopy studies were performed on skin
      and organ biopsy specimens from the hyperpigmented mice. These studies indicated
      that this melanoma-associated melanosis was secondary to the release of pigment
      granules from the xenografted tumors and to the uptake of these granules by
      macrophages throughout the body, including those located in the dermis.

PMID- 6580496
TI  - Dietary practices of early life and age at death of rats with tumors.
AB  - The association between the age at death of rats that develop spontaneous tumors
      and their early life dietary practices and growth responses was investigated. The
      data were obtained from outbred male Charles River CD Crl:COBS CD (SD)BR rats
      maintained for life on a self-selection dietary regimen that permitted them to
      regulate their protein intake apart from energy intake. A series of multivariable
      models was derived, after the rats were grouped by tumor type, that accurately
      accounted for the age of death of the individuals in each class. The models that
      explain the variance in death age of rats that develop tumors also differed from
      the combination of factors for rats that do not develop tumors but succumb to
      other age-related diseases. Although dietary protein and measures of growth are
      ubiquitous features in these models, no one set of idealized conditions for
      longevity can be proposed.

PMID- 6580497
TI  - Comparative study of the morphologic, histochemical, and proliferative changes
      induced in the large intestine of ICR/Ha and C57BL/Ha mice by 1,2
      dimethylhydrazine.
AB  - The mouse model of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colorectal carcinogenesis
      was studied to determine the susceptibility of different anatomic segments of the
      large intestine in ICR/Ha (susceptible) and C57BL/Ha (resistant) mice. In ICR/Ha
      mice numerous exophytic macroscopic neoplasms were found in the distal colon and
      rectum after 15 weekly injections of DMH (20 mg/kg). The proximal colon was free
      of any microscopic or macroscopic neoplasms. In contrast, C57BL/Ha mice given the
      same treatment showed no macroscopic neoplasms. However, foci of dysplastic
      crypts were observed throughout the large intestine of C57BL/Ha mice with highest
      incidence in the distal colon and rectum. In some areas dysplastic crypts were
      clearly invading the muscularis mucosae and were, therefore, microscopic
      carcinomas (microcarcinomas). Thus C57BL/Ha mice were not totally resistant to
      the neoplastic stimulus of DMH, and the susceptibility of the large intestine is
      site-specific in both mouse strains.

PMID- 6580498
TI  - Carcinogenicity of potassium bromate administered orally to F344 rats.
AB  - The carcinogenicity of potassium bromate, a food additive and a neutralizer in
      permanent waving, was tested by adding it to the drinking water of F344 rats for
      110 weeks. Groups of 53 males and 53 females, each, were given solutions of 500
      or 250 ppm of potassium bromate or distilled water. A concentration of 500 ppm
      markedly inhibited an increase of body weight of male rats. The mean survival
      time was shortest for males given 500 ppm (88.1 +/- 18.1 wk); the survival times
      of other groups were 101-104 weeks. The percentage survival in week 104 was
      relatively high in all groups, and it was 77.4% for males and 66.0% for females
      in the control group. High incidences of renal cell tumors (in males and females
      given 500 or 250 ppm) and mesotheliomas of the peritoneum (in males given 500
      ppm) were observed. The incidences of these tumors in test groups were
      significantly higher than those in controls (P less than .001). It was concluded
      that, when orally administered under the conditions of this experiment, potassium
      bromate was carcinogenic to F344 rats.

PMID- 6580499
TI  - Mechanism of glucocorticoid action on murine natural killer cell activity.
AB  - With the use of an in vitro model system, the mode of action of glucocorticoids
      on murine natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity of tumor cells was
      investigated. Of the steroids tested, only the glucocorticoids notably suppressed
      NK activity. Glucocorticoids were not toxic to the NK effector cell since
      inhibitors of protein synthesis protected NK activity from the suppressive action
      of glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoid-treated C57BL/6J spleen cells, although
      suppressed in NK activity, were unable to suppress the NK activity of normal
      syngeneic spleen cell cultures. Similarly, the supernatants of glucocorticoid
      treated cultures were also unable to suppress normal NK activity. Thus a role for
      suppressor cell activity or soluble suppressive factors was excluded. Results of
      analyses of the NK activity of Percoll-fractionated glucocorticoid-treated
      C3H/HeN (nu/nu) spleen cells at the single-cell level demonstrated that NK
      effector cells could efficiently bind to YAC-1 lymphoma cells but were incapable
      of inducing cytolysis. Moreover, the production of NK cytotoxicity factor(s) in
      tumor cell-stimulated nude mouse spleen cell cultures was severely depressed
      after glucocorticoid treatment. The results of these studies suggest that
      glucocorticoids suppress murine NK activity by acting directly on the NK effector
      cells, possibly by inhibiting the formation or release of specific effector
      molecules that are cytotoxic to NK-sensitive tumor cells.

PMID- 6580500
TI  - Predisposition of [125I]5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine-labeled normal and neoplastic
      mouse fibroblasts to lysis by normal macrophages.
AB  - During an investigation into the apparent natural cytotoxicity of normal
      peritoneal macrophages toward the murine MCA/76-9, MCA/76-45, and MCA/76-64
      sarcoma cells in vitro, it was found that the peritoneal macrophages from nine
      different inbred strains of mice, as well as spleen and tumor-associated
      macrophages, preferentially lysed [125I]5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine [( 125I]dUrd)
      labeled target cells. However, unlabeled target cells were actively proliferating
      under the same conditions. Proliferation of target cells occurred independently
      of the lytic event, as measured by counting residual tumor cells at intervals or
      by pulsing cultures with tritiated thymidine [( 3H]dThd), both of which
      parameters were relatively the same in the presence or absence of macrophages.
      Moreover, macrophage-enhanced lysis of [125I]dUrd-labeled cells was not confined
      to tumor cells since adherent labeled nontransformed C57BL/6J 3T3 cells, mouse
      embryo fibroblasts, and suspended concanavalin A-stimulated lymphoblasts were
      also induced to release 125I faster in the presence than in the absence of
      macrophages. Prelabeled L1210 lymphoma cells were not lysed by normal
      macrophages. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment of resident peritoneal
      macrophages did not induce a stronger lytic effect than that induced by untreated
      macrophages, but it did result in macrophage-mediated inhibition of DNA synthesis
      by tumor cells. LPS-treated thioglycollate-elicited macrophages induced a higher
      specific 125I release from tumor cells than the release from untreated
      macrophages. Tumor target cells prelabeled with the less radiotoxic [131I]dUrd
      were also more predisposed to the lytic action of normal macrophages, while
      [3H]dThd-labeled target cells were relatively unaffected by the presence of
      macrophages. Thus certain types of normal and neoplastic cells may become highly
      susceptible to macrophages or their products after the target cell DNA had
      incorporated radioactive IdUrd.

PMID- 6580501
TI  - [HLA system and insulin dependent diabetes in adults].

PMID- 6580503
TI  - Stress, vascular changes and the potential for behavioral modification.

PMID- 6580504
TI  - Caffeine, stress, and cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 6580502
TI  - Long term follow-up of remission patients in adult acute leukemia.
AB  - 31 adults suffering from acute leukemia were followed for a period of more than 5
      years after achieving complete remission. Maintenance chemotherapy consisted of
      antimetabolite treatment (mercaptopurine + methotrexate) as well as COAP
      reinduction every 3 months. Chemotherapy was stopped if the first complete
      remission lasted for 3 years ("long term remission"). This was the case in 8 out
      of 31 remission patients (26%). Analysis of hematological parameters at diagnose
      for long term remission patients revealed that the initial leukocyte count was of
      prognostic significance.

PMID- 6580505
TI  - Origins of the Type A (coronary-prone) behavior pattern.

PMID- 6580506
TI  - Central nervous system risk factors for sudden cardiac death.

PMID- 6580507
TI  - The role of the frontal cortex in the regulation of cardiac vulnerability to
      ventricular fibrillation: a neurophysiological model of Cannon's cerebral defense
      system.

PMID- 6580508
TI  - Clinical aspects of sudden death.

PMID- 6580509
TI  - Psychosocial factors: interventions to reduce sudden death following an MI.

PMID- 6580510
TI  - Sulfurylation of deoxycorticosterone in human fetal tissues.
AB  - We determined the specific activity of 21-hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase in a
      number of human fetal tissues and in tissues of a prepubertal boy (5 years of
      age). In fetal tissues, the highest specific activities of this enzyme were found
      in adrenal gland, liver, kidney, intestine, aorta, and testis. In the tissues of
      the prepubertal boy, 21-hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase activity was demonstrable
      only in adrenal and liver. Thus, 21-hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase activity is
      present in some fetal tissues in which DOC may be formed by 21-hydroxylation of
      progesterone, as steroid 21-hydroxylase activity has been demonstrated previously
      in adrenal, kidney, and testis. We speculate that sulfurylation of DOC in some
      tissue sites of DOC formation and action may regulate the action of this
      mineralocorticosteroid.

PMID- 6580511
TI  - Estrogen sulfatase and estrogen sulfotransferase in human primary mammary
      carcinoma.
AB  - Estrogen sulfatase (ES) and estrogen sulfotransferase (ESFT) activities were
      measured in a group of primary breast tumors. The mean value of ES activities,
      measured in 66 breast tumor specimens, was 0.9 nmol of estrone formed from
      estrone sulfate/mg tissue protein per hr regardless of the hormone receptor
      status of the specimen. However, the average value of the ESFT activity,
      expressed in nmol of estradiol-3-sulfate (E2S) formed from estradiol (E2)/mg of
      cytosol protein per hr, was found to be significantly higher in ER +/PGR + tumors
      (n = 26, 0.18 +/- 0.15, means +/- SD) than in ER -/PGR - tumors (n = 31, 0.08 +/-
      0.06, P less than 0.005). Normal breast tissues also contain ES and ESFT but the
      activities were lower than those in tumors. When fresh breast tumor tissue
      fragments were incubated with radioactive E2 (0.4 nM) and E2S (3 nM) separately,
      E2 was not sulfurylated appreciably while E2S was extensively hydrolyzed to free
      estrogens indicating that the combined effect of ES and ESFT in breast tumor is
      favored towards the hydrolysis of estrogen sulfate. These results imply that the
      circulating estrogen sulfate could be utilized as the precursor of active
      estrogen to promote the cell growth in hormone sensitive tumors.

PMID- 6580512
TI  - Aromatase activity of steroid sulphatase-deficient placentae.
AB  - Aromatase activity was measured in homogenates from steroid sulphatase deficient
      and steroid sulphatase positive placentae. The activity of the aromatase complex
      was determined from the rate of formation of [14C] oestrone plus [14C] oestradiol
      when [14C] testosterone was incubated with a rate-limiting quantity of
      homogenate. A reduced level of aromatase activity was found in vitro in 70% of
      steroid sulphatase-deficient placentae tested, but the deficiency was much less
      complete than that of steroid sulphatase. The mean (+/- SD) aromatase activity of
      steroid sulphatase-deficient placentae was 380 +/- 180 pmol product/h/g tissue (n
      = 10), significantly lower (P less than 0.001, t-test) than the mean aromatase
      activity of steroid sulphatase positive placentae (701 +/- 70 pmol product/h/g
      tissue, n = 10). Seventy per cent of the steroid sulphatase deficient placentae
      showed lower aromatase activity than that of normal placentae stored for a
      comparable period of time. Assay imprecision and the sex of the foetus were
      excluded as reasons for the diminished aromatase activity found. It may arise
      through an abnormal gene product and consequent alterations in the structure of
      the microsomal membrane in which both aromatase complex and steroid sulphatase
      enzymes are retained.

PMID- 6580513
TI  - Photochemical inactivation of human placental estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase in
      the presence of 2,3-butanedione.
AB  - Estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase of human placenta was rapidly inactivated by 2,3
      butanedione under u.v. light, and no protection against the inactivation was
      observed in the presence of sodium azide. Under ordinary laboratory illumination,
      the inactivation was biphasically progressed in time-dependent and concentration
      dependent manners, while a partial protection from the inactivation was indicated
      by sodium azide. These results suggest that the inactivation mechanism of the
      dehydrogenase by 2,3-butanedione under laboratory illumination is different from
      that under u.v. light. Therefore, the inactivation under laboratory illumination
      proceeded by a reaction with excited singlet molecular oxygen (1 delta g or 1
      sigma +g states), and that under u.v. light was caused by a reaction of substrate
      with triplet sensitizer. In the presence of NADP+, the inactivation of the enzyme
      by 2,3-butanedione was markedly reduced. The maximum protection by NADP+ was
      about 80% of the initial enzyme activity. Amino acid analysis of the enzyme
      treated with 2,3-butanedione under laboratory illumination showed that the
      modified enzyme contained considerably less of the following amino acids than the
      native enzyme: histidine, arginine, threonine, methionine, tyrosine and leucine.
      In addition, other dicarbonyl reagents, 1,4-dibromo-2,3-butanedione, 1-phenyl-1,2
      propanedione, phenylglyoxal, 16-oxoestrone, 1,2-cyclohexanedione, 2,4
      pentanedione and glyoxal were found to decrease the dehydrogenase activity in
      various degree.

PMID- 6580514
TI  - Functional site of human placental estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase involves
      tyrosine residues, as evidenced by reaction to p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl fluoride.
AB  - Native estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.62) from human placenta was
      inactivated in time dependent manner by p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl fluoride (NBSF),
      which is a reagent for chemical modification of tyrosine. The sulfhydryl-blocked
      enzyme by 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) was also reacted with NBSF
      more slowly in pseudo-first-order kinetics. After the sequential treatments with
      DTNB, NBSF and dithiothreitol (DTT), the enzyme in which tyrosine residues alone
      were modified was isolated, and its activity was decreased. These results suggest
      that tyrosyl residues of the estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase from human placenta
      are located at or near its catalytic site, and play a functional role in the
      enzyme reaction.

PMID- 6580515
TI  - Circulating immune complexes in chronic myeloid leukemia: turbidimetric
      measurement and two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis.
AB  - A 3.75% polyethylene glycol -6000 mediated turbidimetric method was used for the
      estimation of levels of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in sera of normal
      human subjects and patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In terms of
      equivalents of heat-aggregated gamma globulin (eq.HAGG mg/ml serum), the mean
      levels of CIC were: 5.69 mg/ml (SD 4.78) in 81 normal human subjects; 22.63 mg/ml
      (SD 9.86) in 52 untreated CML patients; 7.61 mg/ml (SD 5.74) in 54 CML patients
      in remission; and 21.70 mg/ml (SD 8.15) in 18 CML patients in relapse. High CIC
      levels, thus, showed a significant association with the pretreatment -- and
      relapse -- status of the disease (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.001,
      respectively). Though the levels decreased during remission, they were still
      significantly above the mean level in the controls (p less than 0.05). The CIC
      level-disease status relationship was clearly evident in the serial studies on 19
      CML patients who donated serum samples prior to treatment as well as during
      remission. Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of the CIC samples revealed
      the presence of a polypeptide (mol. wt approx. 37,000 and pI approx. 5.8) in 10
      out of 18 CIC samples from the untreated CML patients. Such a moiety was not
      detected in six CIC samples from normal subjects. The association of this
      polypeptide with CML gains support from the observation that in 5 CML patients,
      this moiety was present in the CIC samples obtained prior to treatment but absent
      in the samples subsequently obtained during remission.

PMID- 6580516
TI  - Growth and differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells in serum-free culture.
AB  - A synthetic medium allowing indefinite optimal growth of Friend erythroleukemia
      cells (FLC) is described. It consists of Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium
      supplemented with bovine serum albumin, transferrin, and a lipid mixture.
      Transferrin and lipids are essential for Friend cells growth. Under these
      conditions, FLC erythroid differentiation, promoted by a number of inducers, is
      less efficient than in cultures with serum-rich medium, suggesting that unknown
      serum factors may play an additional role in this phenomenon. Conversely, the
      enhancement of erythroid differentiation induced by low doses of Interferon is
      superimposable in both types of cultures.

PMID- 6580517
TI  - Isoenzyme studies in human leukemia -- II. Carboxylic esterase (E.C. 3.1.1.1.).
AB  - Isoelectric focusing analysis of esterase activity (E.C. 3.1.1.1.) has been
      carried out on polyacrylamide gel slabs of a variety of immunologically defined
      acute leukemia subtypes. Distinct isoenzyme bands and isoenzyme groups have been
      identified and characterized biochemically with regard to their features for
      substrate specificity, pH optimum and inhibition experiments. The esterase
      isoenzyme patterns permitted the distinction between acute myeloid and non
      myeloid leukemias. Acute lymphocytic leukemias localized by their immunological
      profile along the T-cell axis exhibited a readily recognizable isoenzyme group (T
      group). Reproducible differences in isoenzyme patterns were observed in childhood
      common ALL which indicate that the immunologically determined entity cALL
      displays a clear heterogeneity with respect to biochemical profiles of enzyme
      markers. These results suggest that further combined biochemical and
      immunological characterization may significantly contribute to a better
      understanding of lymphopoietic and leukemic cell differentiation.

PMID- 6580518
TI  - [Aspergillus endocarditis in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in
      remission].

PMID- 6580519
TI  - [Refractory anemia with an excess of blasts: study of 30 cases].

PMID- 6580520
TI  - [Efficacy of cefmetazole against ampicillin-resistant enterobacteria and
      Staphylococcus aureus].

PMID- 6580521
TI  - [Disseminated intravascular coagulation as the 1st manifestation of a chronic
      myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 6580522
TI  - Casein kinase I.

PMID- 6580523
TI  - Coordination of growth with cell division: regulation of synthesis of RNA during
      the cell cycle of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
AB  - In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe the rate of RNA synthesis, as
      determined by pulse labeling, increases in a step-like manner in synchronous
      cultures prepared by centrifugal elutriation. Cultures prepared in this way show
      marked reductions in perturbations which can be caused by many synchrony
      techniques. Kinetic evidence indicates that alterations in pool metabolism are
      not responsible for the step pattern. The long period of increase in the rate
      doubling (relative to cell number increase) indicates that the period of
      increasing rate may be due to a growth period and not a sudden transition between
      a slow and a fast rate. An analysis of synchronous cultures of cells of different
      cell size and synchronous cultures of temperature sensitive mutants blocked in
      cell cycle progress indicated that neither size control, changes in DNA content
      nor septation are directly responsible for the steps in RNA synthesis. Instead
      the time of the rate change is associated with a specific point in the cell
      cycle, probably an event associated with nuclear division.

PMID- 6580524
TI  - Regulation of the maximal rate of RNA synthesis in the fission yeast
      Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
AB  - Of interest to many biologists is how growth, e.g., RNA synthesis, and cell
      division are mutually controlled. One method of establishing the nature of the
      control is to determine what "factors" are limiting when cells synthesize RNA at
      a maximal rate. The transcription maximum (maximum rate of RNA synthesis) has
      been determined in cell division mutants that continue to grow but fail to divide
      to determine if there is a cell cycle control over RNA synthesis. There is no
      correlation between transcription maximum and DNA synthesis or septation which
      suggests that these events do not exert a direct cell cycle control over RNA
      synthesis in exponentially growing cells. In addition, the lack of strong
      correlation between the transcription maximum and cell size or gene dosage
      indicates that the rate of RNA synthesis is not directly regulated by either of
      these parameters. The possibility that the maximum rate is determined by a
      concentration effect of an end product which acts in the nucleus, such as a
      specific RNA or protein, could not be ruled out and evidence is presented in
      support of such a model.

PMID- 6580525
TI  - Low-dose cytarabine therapy in hypoplastic acute leukemia.

PMID- 6580526
TI  - Low doses of cytarabine in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute
      myeloid leukemia.

PMID- 6580527
TI  - Translocation of c-ab1 oncogene correlates with the presence of a Philadelphia
      chromosome in chronic myelocytic leukaemia.
AB  - The localization of cellular oncogenes near the break points of tumour-specific
      chromosomal aberrations suggests an involvement of these genes in the generation
      of neoplasms. Recently, we demonstrated the translocation of the human cellular
      homologue (c-ab1) of the transforming sequence of Abelson murine leukaemia virus
      (A-MuLV) from chromosome 9 to the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) in chronic
      myelocytic leukaemia (CML). In an attempt to investigate the significance of this
      translocation in the pathogenesis of CML, we have now studied two CML patients
      with complex translocations, t(9; 11; 22) and t(1; 9; 22), and two CML Ph1
      negative patients with apparently normal karyotypes. In addition to using blot
      hybridization with human c-ab1 probes and DNA from rodent: CML cell hybrids as
      before, we have used in situ hybridization of these probes directly to metaphase
      chromosomes of CML patients. These studies show that the c-ab1 gene is
      translocated in Ph1-positive but not in Ph1-negative CML patients. CML without
      the Ph1 chromosome seems to be a distinct entity with a different origin, and
      this view is supported by clinical observations including correlations which
      reveal a poorer prognosis.

PMID- 6580528
TI  - Quick fixes not on the cards.

PMID- 6580530
TI  - HLA class II antigens and monoclonal antibodies.

PMID- 6580529
TI  - Association of amplified oncogene c-myc with an abnormally banded chromosome 8 in
      a human leukaemia cell line.
AB  - Several unusual chromosome structures have been described in drug-resistant cell
      lines and in certain tumours. These structures include elongated homogeneously
      staining regions (HSRs), small extrachromosomal paired chromatin bodies (double
      minutes, DMs) and abnormally banded regions (ABRs) with strong but anomalous band
      patterns. There is evidence that these are alternative forms of gene
      amplification, with HSRs breaking down to form DMs, and DMs integrating into the
      chromosome to generate HSRs and ABRs. Recently, it was demonstrated that,
      compared with several normal and leukaemia human cells, DNA sequences
      representing the human homologue of the onc gene of the avian myelocytomatosis
      virus (MC29), the so-called c-myc gene, were amplified in HL-60 cells. This is a
      human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line established in the laboratory of one of
      us (R.C.G.) at the National Cancer Institute (Bethesda, Maryland) in 1977, and
      widely used for studies on myeloid and monocytic differentiation. Amplification
      of the gene was present in primary leukaemic cells of the patient, and DMs were
      noted in some of these cells as well as in early passages of the HL-60 line. No
      structure resembling HSRs or ABRs were noted in karyotypic studies at this early
      stage and there were no alterations involving the long arm of chromosome 8 (8q),
      to which the c-myc gene has recently been mapped. We have now re-examined the
      karyotype of the HL-60 line, using cells frozen at various times during its
      continuous passage at the Wistar Institute (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) to look
      for chromosomal abnormalities that might be associated with the amplification of
      c-myc. We find that, beginning in 1979, HL-60 cells at the Wistar Institute no
      longer had DMs, but did show an abnormal 8q+ chromosome, replacing a normal
      chromosome 8, and representing an ABR reflecting the site of myc gene
      amplification.

PMID- 6580531
TI  - Ocular emergencies: practical therapeutics.

PMID- 6580532
TI  - A chronically red eye.

PMID- 6580533
TI  - A system for examining the ocular fundus.

PMID- 6580534
TI  - Dehiscence or tear of the levator aponeurosis as a cause of ptosis in children.

PMID- 6580535
TI  - Conjunctival biopsy in sarcoidosis: 4 year NCMH experience.

PMID- 6580536
TI  - Phenomenally phunny phungi--psilocybin toxicity.

PMID- 6580537
TI  - What's it like to be visually impaired all your life?

PMID- 6580538
TI  - Reading material for the blind.

PMID- 6580539
TI  - Services for the blind in North Carolina.

PMID- 6580540
TI  - Orthoptics.

PMID- 6580542
TI  - A cost perspective on a case report.

PMID- 6580541
TI  - Lasers in the office.

PMID- 6580543
TI  - Home care of the stroke patient--a viable alternative to hospitalization?

PMID- 6580544
TI  - Joseph Ward Hooper lecture: "It was the best of times. It was the worst of
      times.".

PMID- 6580545
TI  - Female Kallmann's syndrome.

PMID- 6580546
TI  - Fatal pulmonary hypertension in a patient with mixed connective tissue disease.

PMID- 6580547
TI  - Humanism and medicine: the patient centered approach.

PMID- 6580548
TI  - Features for patients. See how they grow.

PMID- 6580549
TI  - The North Carolina Arthritis Program.

PMID- 6580550
TI  - Warts.

PMID- 6580551
TI  - The evolution of a rural EMT-intermediate training program.

PMID- 6580552
TI  - Training psychiatrists for public service in North Carolina.

PMID- 6580553
TI  - Gee, honey, why does the iced tea have a garlic taste? Arsenic intoxication.

PMID- 6580554
TI  - Experience with intermediate- and high-dose cytosine arabinoside in relapsed and
      refractory acute leukaemia.

PMID- 6580555
TI  - [Acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia in patients treated for Hodgkin's disease.
      Analysis of 309 cases].
AB  - The analysis of 309 Hodgkin patients treated by radiotherapy alone or in
      association with chemotherapy, between 1969 and 1979, has shown seven cases of
      ANLL (acute non lymphoblastic leukemia). The incidence was 2.26% in the overall
      group and 3.38% in the patients treated with combined therapies. From the
      frequency and distribution of ANLL in the various treatment groups we can argue
      that: ANLL may be considered as a second, therapy-induced tumor, correlated with
      the association of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

PMID- 6580556
TI  - The role of heart registries.

PMID- 6580557
TI  - Verapamil in atrial fibrillation.

PMID- 6580558
TI  - Normal-pressure hydrocephalus associated with markedly elevated CSF protein.

PMID- 6580559
TI  - Giant colonic diverticulum.

PMID- 6580560
TI  - Metrifonate in the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium infection.

PMID- 6580561
TI  - Syncope in a general hospital patient population. Usefulness of the radionuclide
      brain scan, electroencephalogram, and 24-hour Holter monitor.

PMID- 6580562
TI  - Recent experiments in medical education.

PMID- 6580563
TI  - Male sexual dysfunction and diabetes mellitus. Multidisciplinary approach to
      diagnosis and management.

PMID- 6580564
TI  - Electromechanical dissociation after intravenous verapamil.

PMID- 6580565
TI  - Small-vessel vasculitis following simultaneous influenza and pneumococcal
      vaccination.

PMID- 6580566
TI  - Hypopituitarism associated with systemic amyloidosis.

PMID- 6580567
TI  - Multiple drug toxicity. Overt and subtle signs in ventricular tachycardia.

PMID- 6580568
TI  - Primary giant Candida lung abscess. Response to miconazole.

PMID- 6580569
TI  - Lung carcinoma presenting as a breast tumor.

PMID- 6580570
TI  - A New Zealand nurse in Pakistan.

PMID- 6580571
TI  - Working with the Boat People.

PMID- 6580573
TI  - Different responsibilities for nurses in Arkansas.

PMID- 6580572
TI  - Nurses need to be more involved.

PMID- 6580574
TI  - Specialised course for intensive care nurses.

PMID- 6580575
TI  - Nurses must listen.

PMID- 6580576
TI  - The nurse's role in safeguarding human rights.

PMID- 6580577
TI  - Nursing aims and goals are similar world-wide.

PMID- 6580578
TI  - A "new" direction for dental health policy.

PMID- 6580579
TI  - Year-end tax planning: avoiding the pitfalls.

PMID- 6580580
TI  - Burning tongue.

PMID- 6580581
TI  - A study of ameloblastoma--age, sex and location statistics.

PMID- 6580582
TI  - National dental licensure: a reality?

PMID- 6580583
TI  - Removal of foreign bodies using image intensifier fluoroscopy.

PMID- 6580584
TI  - A growing health care alternative: the preferred provider organization.

PMID- 6580585
TI  - Dental patients over 65: 25 million and growing.

PMID- 6580586
TI  - A survey of denture care and denture provider characteristics in the state of
      Ohio.

PMID- 6580587
TI  - The fabrication and use of a leaf gauge to locate centric relation.

PMID- 6580589
TI  - Fractures of the mandibular condyle: review of the literature and presentation of
      five cases with late complications.

PMID- 6580588
TI  - Estimation of incidence of human leukaemia subtypes in an urban African
      population.
AB  - A rough estimate of the incidence rates (IR) of human leukaemia subtypes is
      provided for Ibadan, a large urban centre in the south-western rain-forest area
      of Nigeria. In view of the inavailability of recent census figures, the current
      population sizes of various 5-year age groups were projected from those of the
      last reliable census held in 1963, using various recommendations from national
      and international bodies on population changes in the area. On comparing the IR
      for the leukaemia subtypes in Ibadan subjects with those of Black and White
      Americans, we found no striking difference in chronic myeloid leukaemia for the 3
      population groups. Leukaemia IR in Ibadan was low for all subtypes after 70
      years, probably because of the thinness of the population after that age. IR of
      acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in the first two quiquennia was low while
      that of acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) in the second quinquennium was high in
      Ibadan compared with Black and White US subjects. IR of AML in Ibadan as well as
      in Black and White US subjects showed a stepwise increase in the 5-year age
      groups between 15 and 69 years, but unlike the observation in Americans, ALL was
      not observed after 40 years of age in Ibadan. Though the method used to estimate
      the leukaemia incidence rate in Ibadan was crude, it did reveal remarkable
      differences from those of inhibitants of a developed country like the US. These
      differences are believed to be related to environmental influences.

PMID- 6580590
TI  - Professional self-government - is it justified?

PMID- 6580591
TI  - Temporomandibular joint surgery: a review of fifty-one operations.
AB  - The clinical records of thirty-six patients previously treated with fifty-one TMJ
      surgical procedures were reviewed and analyzed. Each patient was sent a
      questionnaire designed to elicit a perception of the results of the surgical
      treatment. Seventy-seven percent of the respondents reported that their TMJ area
      discomfort was "much better", and 94 percent would have the surgery again.
      Fifteen patients had preoperative interincisal openings of less than 35 mm. Of
      these patients, eleven had postoperative interincisal openings of 35 mm., or more
      with a mean increase of 13 mm. The findings of this study indicate a high
      percentage of patient satisfaction with the results of TMJ surgery and a general
      improvement in ability to function.

PMID- 6580592
TI  - Life-threatening toxic methemoglobinemia induced by prilocaine.
AB  - Methemoglobinemia is reviewed briefly with particular reference to prilocaine.
      One case of prilocaine induced toxic methemoglobinemia is presented and discussed
      to remind the practitioner that although rare, this condition can be life
      threatening, and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cyanosis.

PMID- 6580593
TI  - Effectiveness of oral hygiene techniques on plaque and gingivitis in patients
      placed in intermaxillary fixation.
AB  - Twenty-one patients undergoing reconstructive maxillofacial surgery volunteered
      to learn and practice specific oral hygiene techniques while in intermaxillary
      fixation in order to compare the effectiveness of different regimens. Oral
      irrigation was taught to all subjects; one third of the subjects were also
      instructed in the use of the sulcus brush, and another third were instructed in
      the use of the Perio-Aid. Scoring was done every 2 weeks for a 6-week period,
      with measurements taken of the amount of plaque and the amount of inflammation
      present in papillary, marginal, and attached gingiva. Results show that the group
      employing only the Water Pik had less inflammation in the attached gingiva than
      the group using the Perio-Aid and less plaque accumulation and papillary
      inflammation than the group using the sulcus brush. While more research is
      necessary to confirm these results, the simplest home care regimen, use of the
      Water Pik only, appears to offer the best way for intermaxillary fixation
      patients to remove plaque and minimize inflammation during convalescence.

PMID- 6580594
TI  - Oral manifestations of tumor and opportunistic infections in the acquired
      immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): findings in 53 homosexual men with Kaposi's
      sarcoma.
AB  - Fifty-three homosexual men with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) were studied. Twenty-seven
      had biopsy-proved oral KS, the palate being the most common site. Past or present
      infections with cytomegalovirus, hepatitis, venereal diseases, and
      gastrointestinal microorganisms occurred in more than 70%. Oral candidiasis was
      confirmed in 57%. Heavy marijuana smoking was the most common habit. Transmission
      of AIDS is thought to be by a viral agent. Precautions involving the use of
      gloves, eyeglasses, and masks, similar to those recommended for the management of
      patients with hepatitis B, are urged.

PMID- 6580596
TI  - Lichen planus: a theory of pathogenesis.
AB  - From a continuing study of 108 cases of oral mucosal lichen planus, including so
      called drug-induced lichenoid reactions, the response of patients to topical
      therapy and to drugs implicated in inducing the lichenoid reactions was used to
      construct a hypothetical model regarding the pathogenesis of the condition. The
      results were interpreted to indicate that lichen planus is a predetermined
      condition or diathesis, perhaps genetically based, rather than a simple cause-and
      effect disorder.

PMID- 6580595
TI  - Phenytoin-induced agranulocytosis after treatment for a gunshot wound to the
      face.
AB  - A case of phenytoin-induced agranulocytosis is presented. This syndrome is
      characterized by a decrease in the blood neutrophil count to very low levels.
      Patients are generally asymptomatic, but they may become febrile and develop an
      infection, which is frequently fatal. Practitioners treating trauma patients or
      other patients in whom phenytoin treatment is initiated should be aware of the
      potential development of agranulocytosis.

PMID- 6580597
TI  - Differentiating keratoacanthoma from squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip: an
      analysis of intraepithelial elastic fibers and intracytoplasmic glycogen.
AB  - Differentiation of keratoacanthoma from squamous cell carcinoma on the vermilion
      mucosa of the lower lip can sometimes be difficult. Two histopathologic features
      that are helpful in distinguishing between these two lesions when they occur on
      sun-exposed skin are the incidence of intraepithelial elastic fibers and the
      epithelial intracytoplasmic glycogen content. An analysis of thirty-one
      keratoacanthomas and twenty-eight squamous cell carcinomas from the vermillion
      mucosa of the lower lip indicates that while the incidence of intraepithelial
      elastic fibers and the tumor intracytoplasmic glycogen content are greater in
      keratoacanthomas, these features are not reliable for differentiating between the
      two lesions in this location.

PMID- 6580598
TI  - Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia.

PMID- 6580600
TI  - Treatment of an unusual case of external resorption.

PMID- 6580599
TI  - Bacterial contamination and the "toxicity" of materials to the exposed pulp.
AB  - The role of bacterial contamination in the toxicity to the pulp of a number of
      metallic salts was investigated. These had been tested as pulp-capping agents in
      previous studies involving 228 exposed rat molars. Material from the previous
      investigations was stained to demonstrate bacteria. This revealed bacteria in
      necrotic pulp tissue and/or the cavity-restoration interface in approximately 60%
      of the specimens. The presence of bacteria appeared to be related to pulpal
      inflammation, necrosis, and failure of calcific repair.

PMID- 6580601
TI  - Enhancement of radiographs used for publication.
AB  - A technique in which a subtraction film mask is used to enhance radiographic
      detail and provide a balanced density appropriate for purposes of publication is
      described and examples are illustrated.

PMID- 6580602
TI  - Sensitometric characteristics of dental xeroradiography.
AB  - Dental xeroradiography is a high-quality intraoral imaging system which provides
      a potentially convenient, rapid, low-dose alternative to conventional film
      radiography. In this study the sensitometric properties of dental xeroradiography
      were investigated via assessment of high- and low-contrast xeroradiographic
      processor settings, transmission versus reflection densitometry, reciprocity-law
      failure, and kVp (tube voltage) plate dependence. Findings of the study indicated
      that imaging at high-contrast processor settings results in greater dynamic range
      but less exposure latitude than imaging at low-contrast processor settings.
      Determination of characteristic curves demonstrated greater contrast in
      reflection mode than imaging by transillumination for all but the very densest of
      images (greater than 1.6 O.D.). There was also little difference in
      characteristic curves produced from 50 to 90 kVp, indicating that the
      xeroradiographic plate exhibits a relatively constant sensitivity over the tube
      voltages tested if exposure is expressed in roentgens. Finally, no substantial
      reciprocity-law failure was observed for dental xeroradiography over a clinically
      relevant range of exposure times.

PMID- 6580603
TI  - Ectopic teeth in an ovarian cyst.

PMID- 6580604
TI  - Root calculus.

PMID- 6580605
TI  - Polydactyly associated with missing and supernumerary teeth.

PMID- 6580607
TI  - [Lymphoblastic leukemia in a boy with ataxia telangiectasia].

PMID- 6580606
TI  - Acute myelofibrosis developing into acute monocytic leukemia. A case report.

PMID- 6580609
TI  - Proposed health benefits tax threatens dental insurance coverage.

PMID- 6580608
TI  - [Neurotoxoplasmosis in the immunosuppressed child. Apropos of 2 cases].
AB  - About 2 cases reports, the authors stress on the principal characteristics of
      neurotoxoplasmosis : neurologic and/or febrile symptoms in a immuno-compromised
      patient with predominantly a deficient cellular mediated immunity. Cerebrospinal
      fluid, electroencephalographic and tomodensitometric abnormalities. Importance of
      serology in the survey of high-risk patients. Bad prognosis of acute clinical
      pictures. Potential regression of subacute and chronic forms.

PMID- 6580610
TI  - Perceptions, attitudes, and habits of Minnesotans in relation to oral cancer.

PMID- 6580611
TI  - Recent modifications in the use of fluorides for children.

PMID- 6580612
TI  - Relative analgesia (oxygen: nitrous oxide sedation) in general practice.

PMID- 6580613
TI  - Fluoride in the eighties.

PMID- 6580614
TI  - [Effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on the corpus luteum of the ovary and
      peripheral blood plasma progesterone concentration in pregnant mice].
AB  - A study was made of the effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on submicroscopic and
      histochemical structure of the yellow bodies and progesterone concentration in
      peripheral blood plasma in the pre-implantation period of embryonal development.
      Electron microscopy, radioimmunoassay and histochemical technique were applied.
      Apart from the signs of steroidogenesis preservation in luteocytes of the control
      group yellow bodies (during elevation of prostaglandin F2 alpha concentration in
      the body), there was a significant reduction of the activity in them of the key
      enzyme of the steroidogenesis, 3-beta-steroid dehydrogenase. Attention is paid to
      variation of the capillary system of the yellow bodies, induced by prostaglandin
      F2 alpha. This variation was marked by the absence of fenestration and by
      reactive status of endotheliocytes. It is concluded that prostaglandin F2 alpha
      primarily affects functional properties of steroid-producing cells. The authors
      suggest that there are potential links between the reduced progesterone level in
      peripheral blood plasma and submicroscopic changes in luteic cells and yellow
      body capillaries.

PMID- 6580615
TI  - Correlation between rate constant for reduction and redox potential as a basis
      for systematic investigation of reaction mechanisms of electron transfer
      proteins.
AB  - Rate constants for the reduction of approximately 40 electron transfer proteins
      by photoreduced flavins have been determined by laser flash photolysis
      techniques. The data for a series of 12 homologous cytochromes and 10 homologous
      high redox potential ferredoxins (HiPIPs) are in excellent agreement with semi
      empirical equations relating rate constant and thermodynamic redox potential that
      have proven applicable to nonbiological electron transfer systems. These
      correlations allow the establishment of relative reactivities within structurally
      homologous classes of biological oxidation-reduction proteins, including
      cytochromes and HiPIPs, and a variety of nonhomologous heme-, iron-sulfur-,
      copper-, and flavin-containing proteins. A qualitative correspondence is shown to
      exist between such relative reactivity and the extent of solvent exposure of the
      redox centers in a particular structural class. The implications of these results
      are considered, and it is concluded that free energy relationships provide a
      sound basis for systematic analysis of reaction mechanisms of electron transfer
      proteins.

PMID- 6580616
TI  - Latent tissue plasminogen activator produced by human endothelial cells in
      culture: evidence for an enzyme-inhibitor complex.
AB  - Conditioned medium from cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was
      analyzed for the presence of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase.
      Immunoprecipitation studies using metabolically labeled conditioned medium and
      anti-tPA IgG revealed a single band on autoradiographs corresponding to a Mr of
      100,000. No bands were observed after immunoprecipitation with anti-urokinase
      IgG. The Mr 100,000 tPA was found to be inactive and did not bind to fibrin
      clots. However, exposure of this tPA to 1% NaDodSO4 resulted in the appearance of
      plasminogen activator activity with no apparent change in its Mr. Treatment with
      10 mM diisopropylfluorophosphate prior to NaDodSO4 activation did not inhibit the
      NaDodSO4-induced appearance of plasminogen activator activity, indicating that
      the active site was not available for diisopropylfluorophosphate binding. The
      possibility that the properties of this Mr 100,000 tPA reflected a tPA-inhibitor
      complex was examined. Attempts to dissociate such a complex by denaturation,
      reduction, or extremes of temperature were not successful. However, after
      treatment of conditioned medium with 1 M hydroxylamine in the presence of 0.1%
      NaDodSO4, the Mr of the anti-tPA immunoprecipitable material declined by 40,000
      to Mr 60,000, a Mr consistent with that of other human tPAs. Hydroxylamine has
      been shown previously to dissociate covalently coupled serine protease-inhibitor
      complexes. Furthermore, incubation of purified human melanoma cell tPA with
      conditioned medium resulted in an increase in its Mr by 40,000 with a concomitant
      decline in tPA activity. The data suggest that the latent tPA present in the
      conditioned medium of endothelial cells is composed of a Mr 60,000 tPA associated
      with an inhibitor.

PMID- 6580617
TI  - Isolation of a genomic clone for bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor by using a
      unique-sequence synthetic DNA probe.
AB  - Unique-sequence synthetic DNA probes, based on the known amino acid sequence of
      bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, were constructed from oligodeoxynucleotides.
      In genomic Southern blot experiments, these probes were shown to hybridize
      specifically to discrete restriction fragments. A synthetic probe also was used
      to isolate a cloned BPTI gene from a bovine genomic library. DNA sequence
      analysis of this clone indicated that the BPTI coding region was neither preceded
      by a start codon nor immediately followed by a termination codon. This suggests
      that the mature form of BPTI may be produced through proteolytic processing from
      a larger polypeptide precursor.

PMID- 6580618
TI  - Plasma membrane retrieval in neoplastic pancreatic acinar cells.
AB  - The dynamics of plasma membrane retrieval has been studied in the pancreatic
      acinar carcinoma in order to determine if neoplastic cells exhibiting a
      heterogeneity of cytodifferentiation states retain the capacity to interiorize
      and recycle plasma membrane. To this end, the plasma membranes of neoplastic
      pancreatic acinar cells were labeled with radioiodinated cationic ferritin (125I
      CF), and the fate of the tracer was monitored by quantitative electron
      microscopic autoradiography. The undifferentiated granule-deficient cells of the
      tumor internalized membrane-bound 125I-CF and sequestered it predominantly in
      lysosomes. By contrast, the differentiated granule-rich cells internalized
      significantly more membrane-bound 125I-CF, and the tracer was localized in
      secretory granules and in lysosomes. The data suggest that neoplastic cells
      retain the capability of retrieving plasma membrane and that the dynamics of the
      process is correlated with the state of cytodifferentiation of the neoplastic
      cells.

PMID- 6580619
TI  - Specific DNA sequences associated with the nuclear matrix in synchronized mouse
      3T3 cells.
AB  - Eukaryotic chromatin appears to be organized into arrays of supercoiled loops
      anchored to the scaffolding structure of the mitotic chromosome core or to the
      nuclear matrix of interphase nuclei. To reveal whether specific DNA sequences are
      involved in this level of chromatin organization, we isolated and cloned a
      population of DNA molecules [average length of 150 base pairs (bp)] closely
      associated with the nuclear matrix after exhaustive DNase digestion and
      subsequent extensive protease digestion. The nuclear matrix was obtained from
      murine BALB/c 3T3 cells synchronized at the G1/S border of the cell cycle. We
      report the structure of two sequences, designated G4 and G5, which are highly
      enriched in the matrix DNA. Sequence G4, of 152 bp, contains three 31-bp direct
      head-to-tail repeats. An 11-bp sequence at the end of each repeat is homologous
      to the first large tumor antigen recognition site of human papova virus. Sequence
      G5, of 135 bp, consists of two well-defined domains, in which the first domain is
      a fragment of the B1 repetitive sequence. The results suggest the possibility
      that the loops of histone-depleted chromatin are connected to the scaffold of the
      nuclear matrix, with specific DNA sequences at the anchorage sites.

PMID- 6580620
TI  - Arylsulfatase in natural killer cells: its possible role in cytotoxicity.
AB  - Ultrastructural cytochemistry of natural killer cells enriched by Percoll
      gradient centrifugation showed them to possess arylsulfatase (aryl-sulfate
      sulfohydrolase, EC 3.1.6.1). The enzyme was located in vesicles, granules, and
      the parallel tubular arrays, organelles characteristic for cytotoxic lymphocytes.
      Biochemically, peak enzyme activity correlated with the Percoll fractions
      containing cells with cytotoxicity for melanoma target cells. Treatment of
      natural killer cells with Na2SO4, a competitive inhibitor of arylsulfatase,
      suppressed cytotoxicity by almost 50%. Electron microscopy of effector-target
      cell conjugates, which had been permitted to incubate for only 30 min, disclosed
      numerous arylsulfatase-positive sites at the points of contact between the
      effector/target cell membranes. Thus, the enzyme was translocated to the surface
      before lysis of the target cell was morphologically evident. It is postulated
      that the parallel tubular arrays play a role in this translocation and that
      arylsulfatase may function in the degradation of cerebroside sulfate ester
      components of the target cell membrane to initiate the lytic event.

PMID- 6580621
TI  - Hemagglutinin of swine influenza virus: a single amino acid change
      pleiotropically affects viral antigenicity and replication.
AB  - The complete nucleotide sequence has been obtained of the H1 hemagglutinin (HA)
      gene of a high-yielding (H) mutant of the A/NJ/11/76(H1N1) strain of swine
      influenza virus in studies of a viral reassortant (X-53a) bearing this gene. This
      determination has permitted comparison with human influenza H1N1 prototype
      viruses A/WSN/33 and A/PR/8/34, with which 80% and 94% amino acid homology was
      found between HA1 and HA2, respectively. Partial sequences have been determined
      for other viral reassortants containing either H or L (low-yielding phenotype)
      genes derived from A/NJ/11/76. Sequence of the HA1 region of an L mutant
      prototype was virtually completed and differed from that of the H mutant by only
      four amino acid changes. Sequence analysis of four other viruses was restricted
      to regions of the HA with which monoclonal antibodies capable of distinguishing L
      and H mutants are presumed to react. Therefore, changes in these sequences are
      relevant to changes in viral phenotype. Change at residue 155 from Gly to Glu is
      associated with change from L to H HA phenotype. This site, structurally
      equivalent to amino acid 158 on the Wiley et al. HA model [Wiley, D. C., Wilson,
      I. A. & Skehel, J. J. (1981) Nature (London) 289, 373-378] is near the tip of the
      HA monomer adjacent to the proposed receptor binding site and therefore credibly
      could influence both viral antigenicity and replication. Because both L and H
      variants exist in nature and because revertants may be selected in the laboratory
      as replication variants in the absence of immunoselection, these studies provide
      evidence for fortuitous antigenic change in association with change in biological
      function, which is determined by a single base change.

PMID- 6580622
TI  - Prothrombin is activated on vascular endothelial cells by factor Xa and calcium.
AB  - Vascular endothelial cells derived from adult bovine aorta (ABAE) treated with
      factor Xa and calcium were found to activate prothrombin. In contrast,
      nonvascular cells (human foreskin fibroblasts, bovine corneal endothelial cells,
      or human fetal lung cells) had either no or very little effect on prothrombin
      activation. In the presence of 6 X 10(5) ABAE cells, 20 ng of factor Xa converted
      90 micrograms of prothrombin into 80 units of thrombin after 45 min at 37 degrees
      C. Exogenous factor V was not required for prothrombin activation, but thrombin
      generation was enhanced 2- to 4-fold by the addition of factor V (500-2,500
      ng/ml). Treatment of ABAE cells with anti-bovine factor V IgG markedly inhibited
      prothrombin activation by factor Xa and calcium. In cells grown in serum-free
      medium for 3 months, the amount of factor V activity was equivalent to that found
      in cells grown with serum, which suggests that these cells probably synthesize
      factor V. Sparse ABAE cells increased prothrombin activation by factor Xa 6-fold
      compared to activation in confluent cells. Although previous thrombin treatment
      of ABAE cells did not enhance prothrombin activation, addition of dansyl arginine
      4-ethyl piperidine amide markedly inhibited activation of 125I-labeled
      prothrombin by factor Xa, indicating that thrombin formation is necessary for
      optimal prothrombin activation. These data indicate that aortic endothelium may
      provide a physiologically important surface for activation of prothrombin as well
      as a mechanism for optimal formation of clots at sites of vascular injury.

PMID- 6580623
TI  - Use of a monoclonal antibody as a substrate for mature neurons in vitro.
AB  - A mouse monoclonal antibody was produced against salamander retinal membranes. It
      binds to the retina as well as to a wide variety of other salamander tissues and
      is called Sal-1. Because retinal neurons dissociated from the mature salamander
      retina adhere poorly to standard substrates, cells were plated onto coverslips
      previously treated with Sal-1. This previous treatment resulted in a dramatic
      increase in cell-substrate adhesion. At low concentrations, the antibody had no
      detectable effect on the light response and fine structure of freshly dissociated
      rod cells. After several weeks in culture, retinal neurons continued to be
      attached to Sal-1-treated coverslips and appeared healthy. Furthermore, many
      cells had extended elaborate cell processes and achieved morphologies
      characteristic of mature neurons. These results show that antibodies can be used
      as substrates for the culture of mature neurons. This technique may also prove
      useful for in vitro studies of a variety of cell systems.

PMID- 6580624
TI  - Lipid metabolism of isolated oligodendrocytes maintained in long-term culture
      mimics events associated with myelinogenesis.
AB  - Oligodendrocytes isolated from ovine white matter according to a published
      procedure [Szuchet, S., Stefansson, K., Wollmann, R. L., Dawson, G. & Arnason, B.
      G. W. (1980) Brain Res. 200, 151-164] were cultured for up to 35 days and their
      capacity to incorporate precursors into lipids was investigated. At various
      times, cultures were double labeled with [3H]glycerol/[14C]acetate or
      [3H]galactose/35SO2-4. The cells were harvested 72 hr later and lipids were
      fractionated using standard procedures. The time course of incorporation for each
      precursor was distinct. In the days after attachment to substratum,
      oligodendrocytes preferentially incorporated [3H]glycerol into phospholipids and
      [14C]acetate into cholesterol while uptake of 35SO2-4 and [3H]galactose into
      glycolipids was modest. A switch in phospholipid metabolism from preferential
      incorporation into phosphatidylcholine to incorporation into
      phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol occurred
      at about the 10th day in vitro. After 20 days, uptake of [3H]glycerol into
      phospholipids and [14C]acetate into cholesterol had stabilized but incorporation
      of 35SO2-4 into glycolipids had increased. 35SO2-4 incorporation into glycolipids
      was even greater at 35 than at 20 days. Uptake of [3H]galactose did not change
      over time. An attempt was made to correlate changes in lipid metabolism with
      morphologic developments. High incorporation into phospholipids and cholesterol
      coincided in time with the extensive membrane synthesis required for cell
      attachment and process extension. Differentiation of these newly formed
      membranes, as assessed by the incorporation of myelin-characteristic glycolipids,
      galactocerebrosides, and sulfatides, occurred at a time when an intricate network
      of processes had already been established. The sequence of metabolic events
      observed in vitro parallels that observed at the onset of myelinogenesis in vivo.
      We postulate that mature oligodendrocytes can reenact those early events
      associated with myelinogenesis.

PMID- 6580625
TI  - Comparative risk analysis of technological hazards (a review).
AB  - Hazards are threats to people and what they value and risks are measures of
      hazards. Comparative analyses of the risks and hazards of technology can be dated
      to Starr's 1969 paper [Starr, C. (1969) Science 165, 1232-1238] but are rooted in
      recent trends in the evolution of technology, the identification of hazard, the
      perception of risk, and the activities of society. These trends have spawned an
      interdisciplinary quasi profession with new terminology, methodology, and
      literature. A review of 54 English-language monographs and book-length
      collections, published between 1970 and 1983, identified seven recurring themes:
      (i) overviews of the field of risk assessment, (ii) efforts to estimate and
      quantify risk, (iii) discussions of risk acceptability, (iv) perception, (v)
      analyses of regulation, (vi) case studies of specific technological hazards, and
      (vii) agenda for research. Within this field, science occupies a unique niche,
      for many technological hazards transcend the realm of ordinary experience and
      require expert study. Scientists can make unique contributions to each area of
      hazard management but their primary contribution is the practice of basic
      science. Beyond that, science needs to further risk assessment by understanding
      the more subtle processes of hazard creation and by establishing conventions for
      estimating risk and for presenting and handling uncertainty. Scientists can
      enlighten the discussion of tolerable risk by setting risks into comparative
      contexts, by studying the process of evaluation, and by participating as
      knowledgeable individuals, but they cannot decide the issue. Science can inform
      the hazard management process by broadening the range of alternative control
      actions and modes of implementation and by devising methods to evaluate their
      effectiveness.

PMID- 6580626
TI  - Oxygenation of hydrocarbons by cytochrome P-450 model compounds: modification of
      reactivity by axial ligands.
AB  - The rate of olefin oxygenation catalyzed by synthetic metalloporphyrins is
      examined, employing sodium hypochlorite as the oxygen atom source. The rate of
      epoxidation and the stability of the catalyst are shown to be dependent on the
      nature of the axial ligand employed. A rationale for this effect is presented and
      analogy is made to the role of the thiolate ligand in cytochrome P-450.

PMID- 6580627
TI  - Resonance Raman studies of nitric oxide binding to ferric and ferrous
      hemoproteins: detection of Fe(III)--NO stretching, Fe(III)--N--O bending, and
      Fe(II)--N--O bending vibrations.
AB  - The nature of bonding interactions between Fe(III) and NO in the ferric nitrosyl
      complexes of myoglobin (Mb), hemoglobin A (HbA), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)
      is investigated by Soret-excited resonance Raman spectroscopy. On the basis of
      15NO and N18O isotope shifts, we clearly identified the Fe(III)--NO bond
      stretching frequencies at 595 cm-1 (ferric Mb X NO), 594 cm-1 (ferric HbA X NO),
      and 604 cm-1 (ferric HRP X NO). The Fe(III)--N--O bending vibrations are located
      at 573 cm-1 (ferric Mb X NO) and 574 cm-1 (ferric HRP X NO), which are very
      similar to the Fe(II)--C--O bending modes at 578 cm-1 in Mb X CO and HbA X CO.
      However, the Fe(III)--NO and Fe(II)--CO stretching frequencies differ by
      approximately equal to 90 cm-1, indicating a much stronger iron-axial ligand bond
      for the [Fe(III) + NO] system, which is isoelectronic with the [Fe(II) + CO]
      system and, hence, presumably also has a linear Fe(III)--N--O linkage (in the
      absence of distal steric effect). The unusually strong Fe(III)--NO bond may be
      attributed to the pi bonding involving the unpaired electron in the pi (NO)
      orbital. The N18O isotope shift data indicate that the widely accepted assignment
      of the Fe(II)--NO stretching vibration at approximately equal to 554 cm-1 in
      ferrous nitrosyl Mb/HbA is incorrect; instead, we assign it to the Fe(II)--N--O
      bending mode. The validity of the assignment of Fe(II)--O2 stretch at 567 cm-1 in
      oxy-HbA by Brunner [Brunner, H. (1974) Naturwissenschaften 61, 129-130] is now in
      doubt. Literature data are presented to suggest that it is the Fe(II)--O--O
      bending vibration.

PMID- 6580628
TI  - Structure-specific model of hemoglobin cooperativity.
AB  - A generalization of the Szabo-Karplus statistical mechanical model for hemoglobin
      cooperativity is formulated. The model fits the available thermodynamic and
      spectroscopic data with assumptions that are consistent with structural results
      and empirical energy function calculations. It provides a mechanism of hemoglobin
      cooperativity that is a generalization of the proposals of Monod, Wyman, and
      Changeux and of Perutz. The role of nonsalt-bridge related sources of constraints
      on ligand affinity and the mode of salt-bridge coupling to tertiary-quaternary
      structural changes are examined within the framework of the model. Analysis of
      proton release data for a range of pH values indicates that a pH-independent part
      of cooperativity must be present. The pH dependence of the first and last Adair
      constants point to partial linkage of salt bridges to ligation in the deoxy state
      and to a destabilized intra-beta-chain salt bridge in the unliganded oxy state.

PMID- 6580629
TI  - A random-walk model for helix bending in B-DNA.
AB  - The double-helical B-DNA dodecamer of sequence d(C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G) has
      been refined independently from x-ray crystal structure analyses in five
      different variants: d(C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G) at 16 K, at room temperature, and
      with bound cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), and d(C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-brC-G-C-G) in
      60% 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol at 20 degrees C and 7 degrees C. These helices
      display overall axial bends of 22 degrees, 18 degrees, 17 degrees, 14 degrees,
      and 3 degrees, respectively, providing an opportunity to investigate the nature
      of the bending process in B-DNA. Bending from one base pair to the next is best
      described as a stochastic or random-walk process, having forward, retrograde, and
      sidewise individual steps, but with an overall sense of bending. Individual steps
      almost always involve rolling of adjacent base pairs over one another along their
      long axes, not a tilting or wedge displacement that lifts neighboring base pairs
      apart at one end. A slight preference is observed for bending the double helix in
      a direction that compresses the major groove rather than the minor, and this is
      intuitively reasonable in view of the narrowness of the minor groove and its
      occupation by the spine of hydration that stabilizes the B form of DNA. This
      model predicts that, when DNA is wound around the nucleosome core, it should not
      be smoothly curved but should exhibit discrete bends every five base pairs as
      proposed by Zhurkin et al. [Zhurkin, V.B., Lysov, Y. P. & Ivanov, V. I. (1979)
      Nucleic Acids Res. 6, 1081-1096)]. Sharper bends may occur at alternate
      positions, where the major groove faces the nucleosome core.

PMID- 6580630
TI  - Targeted and nontargeted liposomes for in vivo transfer to rat liver cells of a
      plasmid containing the preproinsulin I gene.
AB  - A plasmid containing the rat preproinsulin I gene was entrapped in large
      liposomes and intravenously administered to rats. Four hours after inoculation,
      the livers were processed for the isolation of hepatocytes. Kupffer cells, and
      endothelial cells, DNA was purified, and the exogenous DNA was detected in the
      different cell DNA preparations by Southern blotting. By using liposomes
      consisting of phospholipids and cholesterol, Kupffer cells were shown to be, on a
      per cell basis, the primary target for gene incorporation. In an attempt to
      target the liposomes to other liver cells, a glycolipid, lactosylceramide, was
      included in the lipid bilayer of the liposomes; this resulted in a substantial
      increase in the proportion of the exogenous gene in the hepatocytes and mainly in
      the endothelial cells, with a simultaneous decrease of this proportion in the
      Kupffer cells. Thus, it is shown that inclusion of a specific glycolipid within
      the bilayer of the liposomes may direct the DNA-containing vesicles to specific
      cell types in the liver.

PMID- 6580631
TI  - Crystallographic studies on apocarboxypeptidase A and the complex with glycyl-L
      tyrosine.
AB  - The crystal structures of zinc-free carboxypeptidase A (apocarboxypeptidase A)
      and the complex of glycyl-L-tyrosine with apocarboxypeptidase A are described and
      compared to the corresponding structures of the zinc-containing enzyme. Only
      small conformational changes in the zinc ligands accompany removal of the metal.
      Interactions between the tyrosine residue of glycyl-L-tyrosine and
      apocarboxypeptidase A are similar to those observed in the complex with the
      holoenzyme. However, in the absence of zinc, the carbonyl oxygen of the glycyl
      moiety now receives a hydrogen bond from the side chain of arginine-127. Although
      not as yet observed, a similar shift of the carbonyl oxygen of a susceptible bond
      from the zinc to arginine-127 could stabilize tetrahedral intermediates generated
      during the hydrolysis of substrates by carboxypeptidase.

PMID- 6580632
TI  - Construction and characterization of an infectious vaccinia virus recombinant
      that expresses the influenza hemagglutinin gene and induces resistance to
      influenza virus infection in hamsters.
AB  - A DNA copy of the influenza virus hemagglutinin gene, derived from influenza
      virus A/Jap/305/57 (H2N2) was inserted into the genome of vaccinia virus under
      the control of an early vaccinia virus promoter. Tissue culture cells infected
      with the purified recombinant virus synthesized influenza hemagglutinin, which
      was glycosylated and transported to the cell surface where it could be cleaved
      with trypsin into HA1 and HA2 subunits. Rabbits and hamsters inoculated
      intradermally with recombinant virus produced circulating antibodies that
      inhibited hemagglutination by influenza virus. Furthermore, vaccinated hamsters
      achieved levels of antibody similar to those obtained upon primary infection with
      influenza virus and were protected against respiratory infection with the
      A/Jap/305/57 influenza virus.

PMID- 6580633
TI  - Oxidation of methionine residues in proteins of activated human neutrophils.
AB  - A simple assay for the detection of 35S-labeled methionine sulfoxide residues in
      proteins is described. The assay, which is based on the ability of CNBr to react
      with methionine but not with methionine sulfoxide, requires the prelabeling of
      cellular proteins with [35S]methionine. The assay was used to study the extent of
      methionine oxidation in newly synthesized proteins of both activated and
      quiescent human neutrophils. In cells undergoing a phorbol 12-myristate 13
      acetate-induced respiratory burst, about 66% of all methionine residues in newly
      synthesized proteins were oxidized to the sulfoxide derivative, as compared with
      9% in cells not treated with the phorbol ester. In contrast, quantitation of
      methionine sulfoxide content in the total cellular protein by means of amino acid
      analysis showed that only 22% of all methionine residues were oxidized in
      activated cells as compared with 9% in quiescent cells. It is proposed that
      methionine residues in nascent polypeptide chains are more susceptible to
      oxidation than those in completed proteins.

PMID- 6580634
TI  - 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase: a transmembrane glycoprotein of the
      endoplasmic reticulum with N-linked "high-mannose" oligosaccharides.
AB  - 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (EC 1.1.1.34) is an abundant protein of
      the crystalloid endoplasmic reticulum of UT-1 cells, a line of cultured hamster
      cells that over-produces the reductase as a result of gene amplification. In the
      current studies, we show that reductase in UT-1 cells is a glycoprotein. The
      solubilized enzyme (Mr = 97,000) from UT-1 cells, Chinese hamster ovary cells,
      and rat liver was adsorbed quantitatively and specifically to concanavalin A
      Sepharose. UT-1 cells incorporated [1,6-3H]glucosamine into the reductase; after
      release with endo-N-acetylglucosaminidase H most of the radioactivity was found
      in N-linked "high-mannose" chains, including Man6(GlcNAc)2, Man7(GlcNAc)2, and
      Man8(GlcNAc)2. The carbohydrate of the reductase was localized to a 30- to 35
      kilodalton fragment that was separable proteolytically from a cytoplasmic 53
      kilodalton fragment that contained the active site of the enzyme. We conclude
      that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase is a transmembrane glycoprotein
      with an active site facing the cytoplasm and a carbohydrate-bearing site oriented
      toward the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.

PMID- 6580635
TI  - Translational diffusion in phospholipid monolayers measured by fluorescence
      microphotolysis.
AB  - A method is described that eliminates surface flow in monolayers at the air-water
      interface and makes possible diffusion measurements by fluorescence
      microphotolysis ("photobleaching"). In contrast to previous studies that did not
      account for surface flow, lipid probe diffusion has been found to be similar in
      densely packed monolayers and in related bilayers. Furthermore, it seems that
      lipid diffusion is based on the same molecular mechanism in monolayers, bilayers,
      and potentially also cell membranes. In monolayers of L-alpha
      dilauroylphosphatidylcholine (Lau2-PtdCho) the translational diffusion
      coefficient D of the fluorescent lipid probe N-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3 diazole egg
      phosphatidylethanolamine decreased from 110 microns2/s at a surface pressure II =
      1 mN/m to 15 microns2/s at II = 38 mN/m (T = 21-22 degrees C). Data could be
      fitted by the "free volume model." In monolayers of L-alpha
      dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (Pam2-PtdCho) D decreased by greater than 3 orders
      of magnitude upon increasing II at constant temperature, thus indicating a fluid
      to-crystalline phase transition. In Lau2-PtdCho/Pam2-PtdCho monolayers phase
      separation has been visualized in the fluorescence microscope and the effect on D
      measured. These results suggest that monolayers are a promising model system for
      studying the molecular mobility of lipids and other cell membrane components.

PMID- 6580636
TI  - Phospholipid domains in bovine retinal rod outer segment disk membranes.
AB  - Phospholipid behavior in bovine retinal rod outer segment disk membranes and in
      phosphatidylcholine membranes containing the photopigment rhodopsin is explored.
      31P NMR spectra of these systems show two distinguishable resonances. One
      resembles closely the 31P NMR resonance normally obtained from phospholipid
      bilayers. The other resonance is much broader. Thus, there appear to be two
      phospholipid head-group domains in this retinal membrane. Each environment
      confers different properties on the head groups. Phosphatidylcholine membranes
      containing the disk photopigment also show two phospholipid domains. Therefore,
      the environment in the retinal rod outer segment disk membranes characterized by
      the broad resonance may arise from the influence of the integral membrane protein
      rhodopsin on the membrane phospholipid bilayer.

PMID- 6580637
TI  - Deuterium NMR as a structural probe for micelle-associated carbohydrates: D
      mannose.
AB  - Residual quadrupole splittings for deuterons on perdeuterated alpha- and beta-D
      mannose oriented in a potassium laurate liquid crystal have been measured.
      Multiple quantum two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy at high magnetic field is used
      to gain sufficient resolution to assign splittings to specific sites within these
      molecules. The assigned splittings are interpreted in terms of molecular
      geometries and preferred orientations of the molecules relative to the surface of
      the potassium laurate micelles that make up the liquid crystalline phase.

PMID- 6580638
TI  - Laser-induced multiphoton processes in living cells.
AB  - It is shown that specific light-induced subcellular alterations, usually referred
      to as phase "paling," result from multiphoton absorption processes. For green
      light (532 nm), four photons are required to induce paling in chromosomes and
      nucleoli; a two-photon process is observed for UV light (266 nm).

PMID- 6580639
TI  - Synthetic leader peptide modulates secretion of proteins from microinjected
      Xenopus oocytes.
AB  - To investigate the role of the leader peptide in modulating secretion from living
      cells, we injected a synthetic peptide into Xenopus oocytes. The peptide
      consisted of the NH2-terminal leader sequence of mouse immunoglobulin light chain
      precursor. We found that the leader peptide has two different roles in regulating
      secretion from the oocytes. First, it competitively inhibits the synthesis of
      secretory and membrane proteins but not of cytoplasmic proteins. The inhibition
      occurs both with oocyte proteins and with proteins directed by coinjected myeloma
      mRNA. The inhibition reaches a maximum 2 hr after injection and decays within 3
      hr. It appears to be mediated through the cell membrane, because 125I-labeled
      leader peptide segregates into the membrane fraction of microinjected oocytes
      simultaneously with the interference with methionine incorporation. A second role
      of the microinjected leader peptide is to induce a rapid acceleration in the rate
      of export of secretory proteins from the oocyte. The maximal enhancement effect
      is obtained upon injection of 50 ng of leader peptide per oocyte. It is not
      merely due to the small size, negative charge, or hydrophobicity of the peptide,
      because enhanced secretion does not occur when glucagon, poly-L-glutamic acid, or
      Triton X-100 is injected. Furthermore, immunoreaction of the peptide with
      specific antibodies prior to microinjection prevents the accelerated export. Our
      observations indicate that in Xenopus oocytes, the leader peptide is involved in
      both translocation and later step(s) in the secretory pathway.

PMID- 6580640
TI  - Beta-adrenergic stimulation of Ca2+ fluxes, endocytosis, hexose transport, and
      amino acid transport in mouse kidney cortex is mediated by polyamine synthesis.
AB  - We recently found that the beta-adrenergic agonist 1-isoproterenol evokes a rapid
      (less than 5 min) Ca2+- and receptor-dependent stimulation of endocytosis, hexose
      transport, and amino acid transport in mouse renal cortex involving proximal
      tubule cells. This response is associated with increased Ca2+ fluxes and a
      mobilization of mitochondrial calcium, suggesting that stimulus-response
      (stimulus-"transport") coupling is mediated by cytosolic Ca2+. We show here that
      1 microM isoproterenol evokes a rapid (less than 60 sec) transient increase in
      the activity of ornithine decarboxylase followed by an early (less than 2 min)
      sustained increase in putrescine, spermidine, and spermine concentrations in
      mouse kidney cortex slices in vitro. Small doses of isoproterenol (down to 24
      nmol/kg) elicited a rapid (less than 2 min) increase in polyamines in vivo. The
      ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor alpha-difluoromethylornithine (5 mM) suppressed
      the testosterone-induced increase in polyamine levels and rates of endocytosis,
      hexose transport, and amino acid transport, measured by horseradish peroxidase,
      [14C]aminoisobutyric acid, and deoxy[3H]glucose uptake. alpha
      Difluoromethylornithine also blocked the isoproterenol-induced increase in 45Ca
      influx and efflux and 45Ca redistribution; 0.5 mM putrescine nullified alpha
      difluoromethylornithine inhibition and restored the increment in polyamines, 45Ca
      fluxes, endocytosis, hexose transport, and amino acid transport. These data
      implicate polyamine synthesis in isoproterenol stimulation of Ca2+ fluxes and
      membrane transport processes and support a model for signal transduction and
      stimulus-response coupling in which ornithine decarboxylase activation and
      polyamine synthesis play a pivotal role in regulating Ca2+ fluxes. In this model
      the polyamines generate local Ca2+ signals by stimulating Ca2+ influx or
      mobilizing intracellular calcium (or both) through a cation exchange reaction.

PMID- 6580641
TI  - Nerve growth factor: stimulation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis in
      vitro.
AB  - Topical application of mouse nerve growth factor (NGF) to superficial skin wounds
      of mice has previously been shown to accelerate the rate of wound contraction.
      Results of the present study reveal that NGF in the presence of plasma is also
      chemotactic for human polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vitro, and the
      concentration of NGF required for this effect is similar to that which stimulates
      ganglionic neurite outgrowth. This property does not arise from liberation of the
      C5a fragment of complement, nor does it require the known enzymic activity of
      NGF. (NGF inactivated with diisopropyl fluorophosphate is equally active.) We
      conclude that NGF can display biological effects on cells of nonneural origin and
      function, and this feature might play a role in the early inflammatory response
      to injury.

PMID- 6580642
TI  - Reciprocal modulation of growth and differentiated functions of mature rat
      hepatocytes in primary culture by cell--cell contact and cell membranes.
AB  - In primary monolayer cultures of rat mature hepatocytes, many metabolic functions
      as well as cell growth are regulated by cell density. There are two types of
      regulatory response of these functions to change of cell density. Growth-related
      functions, such as DNA synthesis, induction of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,
      2-aminoisobutyric acid transport, synthesis of cellular protein, and
      cholesterogenesis, are stimulated by low cell density. In contrast, functions
      related to hepatocyte-specific characters, such as the inductions of tyrosine
      aminotransferase, serine dehydratase, and malic enzyme and synthesis of
      triglycerides, are stimulated by high cell density. The reciprocal responses of
      these cellular activities to cell density were mimicked by addition of plasma
      membranes purified from adult rat liver to hepatocytes cultured at low cell
      density. The modulator activity was heat labile and trypsin sensitive. The
      activity was also found in plasma membranes from kidney, brain, and erythrocytes,
      although the specific activities of these preparations seemed to be different.
      These results suggest that the reciprocal regulations of cell growth and
      hepatocyte-specific functions are mediated by some surface components via cell
      cell contact.

PMID- 6580643
TI  - Steady-state theory of the interference of GTP hydrolysis in the mechanism of
      microtubule assembly.
AB  - A model is presented for the interference of GTP hydrolysis in the mechanism of
      microtubule assembly. This model is suggested by previous results showing that
      both GTP and GDP are present at microtubule ends because of GTP hydrolysis and
      that tubulin does not bind to a GDP-bound end. The analytical theory developed
      here is aimed at calculation of the steady-state subunit flux at one end of the
      polymer. The GTP/GDP features just mentioned result in a nonlinear plot of the
      flux versus tubulin concentration. Microtubules are predicted to exhibit a
      different kinetic behavior below and above the critical concentration, which can
      be considered as a transition between two regimes.

PMID- 6580644
TI  - Amplified C lambda and c-abl genes are on the same marker chromosome in K562
      leukemia cells.
AB  - The human leukemia cell line K562, derived from a patient with Philadelphia
      chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia, contains amplified c-abl
      oncogenes and unrearranged C lambda genes. Using in situ hybridization
      techniques, we have determined that the amplified c-abl and C lambda DNA
      sequences of K562 cells are both located on the same abnormal acrocentric marker
      chromosome, which may represent an altered Philadelphia chromosome.

PMID- 6580645
TI  - Lysis of Chinese hamster embryo fibroblast mutants by human natural cytotoxic
      (NK) cells.
AB  - The nontransformed, nontumorigenic CHEF/18 Chinese hamster embryo fibroblast
      line, as well as nontumorigenic CHEF/18 mutants that had become anchorage
      independent or acquired a reduced serum requirement for growth, and fully
      transformed, tumorigenic CHEF cell lines were analyzed for their sensitivity to
      killing in vitro by human natural killer (NK) cells. Nontumorigenic but
      transformed anchorage-independent and low-serum-requiring mutants remained
      insensitive to NK-mediated lysis like the parent CHEF/18 line. Only fully
      tumorigenic CHEF lines were found to be sensitive to NK-mediated lysis, although
      a few tumorigenic lines were resistant to NK lysis. These results indicate that
      NK sensitivity is not the result of any cellular changes associated with
      acquisition of an anchorage-independent or low-serum-requiring phenotype but is
      the result of some additional change(s) found only in fully tumorigenic CHEF
      cells. Our studies also show that, whatever the NK target structure is, it is
      evolutionarily conserved so that human NK cells are able to distinguish between
      Chinese hamster tumorigenic and nontumorigenic cells.

PMID- 6580646
TI  - Fibrinogen Baltimore II: congenital hypodysfibrinogenemia with delayed release of
      fibrinopeptide B and decreased rate of fibrinogen synthesis.
AB  - A congenital hypodysfibrinogenemia, fibrinogen Baltimore II, was found in a young
      asymptomatic Caucasian female. Prothrombin, partial thromboplastin, and
      euglobulin lysis times were normal, as were platelet function and coagulation
      factor assays. Subnormal plasma fibrinogen levels were found using chronometric,
      rate-independent, and immunologic assay methods. Kinetic analysis of
      fibrinopeptide release revealed a delay in the thrombin-catalyzed release of
      fibrinopeptide B from the abnormal protein. Proteolysis of fibrinopeptide A by
      thrombin or Arvin, fibrin monomer polymerization, and fibrin polymer ligation
      occurred at normal rates. Catabolism of radiolabeled autologous and homologous
      fibrinogen was also normal, but the fibrinogen synthetic rate was less than half
      the normal value. Comparison of the coagulation characteristics of fibrinogen
      Baltimore II with those of other abnormal fibrinogens indicates that it
      represents a unique example of hypodysfibrinogenemia.

PMID- 6580647
TI  - Pseudo arylsulfatase-A deficiency in healthy individuals: genetic and biochemical
      relationship to metachromatic leukodystrophy.
AB  - Metachromatic leukodystrophy is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder in man
      associated with deficient arylsulfatase-A activity (aryl-sulfate sulfohydrolase,
      EC 3.1.6.1). The same enzyme deficiency has been noted in clinically normal
      individuals, a condition known as pseudo arylsulfatase-A deficiency. With a
      nonselective method, somatic cell hybrids were obtained from cultured fibroblasts
      of these two types of individuals; the hybrids showed no restoration of
      arylsulfatase-A activity. Thus, metachromatic leukodystrophy and pseudo
      arylsulfatase-A deficiency are allelic conditions. Although these conditions
      cannot be distinguished by simple quantitative arylsulfatase-A activity assays,
      they can be differentiated with sucrose density gradient centrifugation, Cellogel
      electrophoresis, or isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels. In each case, a
      small amount of activity with characteristics of arylsulfatase-A was found only
      from fibroblasts of pseudo arylsulfatase-A-deficient individuals and not from
      those of metachromatic leukodystrophy patients. This residual enzyme has the same
      pH optimum, heat stability, inhibitor sensitivity, and Km as the normal enzyme
      but slightly different isoelectric points. In conclusion, although pseudo
      arylsulfatase-A deficiency and metachromatic leukodystrophy have very different
      clinical outcomes, they are due to mutations of the same structural gene, coding
      for arylsulfatase-A. These two conditions can be differentiated now by simple
      electrophoretic analysis of the residual arylsulfatase-A activity.

PMID- 6580648
TI  - Experimental tumoricidal effects of monoclonal antibody against solid breast
      tumors.
AB  - Two distinct monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were effective in the therapy of breast
      carcinomas of human origin established and growing in nude mice. Passive
      administration of either of the antibodies produced very rapid (less than 1 week)
      and significant reduction of in vivo tumor volume. Each of the mAbs showed in
      vivo targeting of the tumors. Histological analysis of mAb-treated tumors
      revealed extensive cellular necrosis. Each of the antibodies in vitro was
      effective in complement-mediated cytolysis at a concentration less than 1 ng/ml.
      The tumoricidal responses show that this is a useful model for passive human
      immunotherapy using mAbs.

PMID- 6580649
TI  - De novo purine synthesis in cultured rat embryos undergoing organogenesis.
AB  - The cultured rat embryo undergoing organogenesis (9.5-11.5 days of gestation)
      together with its associated yolk sac synthesize purine nucleotides via the de
      novo synthetic pathway. Although both the embryo and its yolk sac contain
      significant levels of the purine base salvage enzymes adenine
      phosphoribosyltransferase and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase, the culture
      medium that consists largely of rat serum contains no measurable quantities of
      salvageable purine bases or nucleosides but high activity levels of purine
      catabolic enzymes. Short-term pulse-chase experiments with adenine and guanine,
      carried out under virtually serum-free conditions, confirmed that purine base
      salvage mechanisms were active and that there was no significant net transfer of
      purines between the embryo and its yolk sac. A comparison between the specific
      radioactivities of the [14C]glycine added to the culture medium for the studies
      of the de novo synthetic pathway and the purine bases in both the cellular
      nucleotides and the nucleic acids indicated the existence of a large glycine
      pool, which almost certainly was derived from the degradation of medium serum
      proteins by the yolk sac. Although there are no clear-cut data available on the
      in vivo plasma levels of purines that could be potentially utilized to meet the
      demands of the embryo, it is evident that the de novo pathway is adequately
      developed to meet these needs.

PMID- 6580650
TI  - Brain-blood barrier? Yes and no.
AB  - Ventriculo-cisternal perfusion of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in the mouse brain
      has demonstrated that a brain-blood barrier exists at the microvascular
      endothelium in brain parenchyma but not in the median eminence of the
      hypothalamus. The brain-blood barrier is similar to the blood-brain barrier in
      that: tight junctions prevent the movement of protein between endothelial cells,
      HRP taken into the endothelial cells is directed to lysosomal dense bodies, and,
      contrary to the literature, a vesicular transendothelial transport of HRP from
      brain to blood does not occur under normal conditions. The endocytosis of
      ventricular injected HRP from the abluminal side of the endothelium is
      demonstrably less than the endocytosis of intravenous injected HRP from the
      luminal side; hence, the cerebral endothelium expresses a degree of polarity
      regarding the internalization of its cell surface membrane and extracellular
      protein. The passage of cerebrospinal fluid-borne or blood-borne HRP between some
      ependymal cells of the median eminence is not precluded by tight junctions. These
      patent extracellular channels offer a direct pathway for the exchange of
      substances between cerebrospinal fluid in the third ventricle and fenestrated
      capillaries in the median eminence.

PMID- 6580653
TI  - Renal thromboxane excretion in Brattleboro rats with hereditary hypothalamic
      diabetes insipidus. Effect of vasopressin treatment.
AB  - Rats with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus (Brattleboro strain) which
      are devoid of vasopressin, excrete significantly increased amounts of
      immunoreactive thromboxane B2 in urine. The increase was corrected by treatment
      with vasopressin. These results suggest that, in the intact organism, thromboxane
      synthesis may be under tonic inhibitory control by vasopressin although other
      renal mechanisms explaining the increase in thromboxane cannot be excluded. Our
      observations further support an involvement of prostaglandins and thromboxanes in
      the regulation of water metabolism.

PMID- 6580651
TI  - Biochemical and immunochemical evidence that the "major postsynaptic density
      protein" is a subunit of a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase.
AB  - By three criteria, two biochemical and one immunochemical, the major postsynaptic
      density protein (mPSDp) is indistinguishable from the 50-kilodalton (kDa) alpha
      subunit of a brain calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. First, the two proteins
      comigrate on NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels. Second, iodinated tryptic peptide maps
      of the two are identical. Finally, a monoclonal antibody (6G9) that was raised
      against the protein kinase binds on immunoblots to a single 50 kDa band in crude
      brain homogenates and to both the alpha subunit of the purified kinase and the
      mPSDp from postsynaptic density fractions. The purified kinase holoenzyme also
      contains a 60-kDa subunit termed beta. A comparison of the peptide map of beta
      with the maps of 60-kDa proteins from the postsynaptic density fraction suggests
      that beta is present there but is not the only protein present in this molecular
      weight range. These results indicate that the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase
      is a major constituent of the postsynaptic density fraction and thus may be a
      component of type I postsynaptic densities.

PMID- 6580652
TI  - Cellular calcium fluctuations in mammalian heart: direct evidence from noise
      analysis of aequorin signals in Purkinje fibers.
AB  - Indirect evidence suggests that fluctuations, or oscillations, in the
      intracellular free calcium concentration [( Ca2+]i) can occur spontaneously in
      intact cardiac preparations, but such [Ca2+]i fluctuations have never been
      demonstrated directly. We used the bioluminescent Ca2+-sensitive protein aequorin
      to detect fluctuations in the [Ca2+]i in canine cardiac Purkinje fibers. Noise
      analysis of the aequorin luminescence reveals prominent peaks of power density at
      frequencies of 1-4 Hz; these peaks become larger and shift to higher frequencies
      as the [Ca2+]i increases. Caffeine and ryanodine abolish the [Ca2+]i
      fluctuations, suggesting that Ca2+ release and uptake by the sarcoplasmic
      reticulum generate these events. When [Ca2+]i fluctuations are present, less
      tension is produced at any given level of mean aequorin luminescence. Thus,
      [Ca2+]i fluctuations will undermine attempts to relate [Ca2+]i and force in
      intact myocardium.

PMID- 6580654
TI  - Essential hypertension and membrane lithium transport in depressed patients.
AB  - Na+-Li+ countertransport activity in erythrocytes has previously been reported to
      be decreased in certain patients with mood disorders, but increased in essential
      hypertensives and possibly their first-degree relatives. The present
      investigation examines specific parameters of Na+-Li+ countertransport in
      relation to both affective disorder and essential hypertension. Depressed
      patients having a personal or family history of essential hypertension had
      significantly higher Vmax and fractional lithium release values than did other
      patients or control subjects. Values of K 1/2 did not differ among the groups.
      Essential hypertension in experimental subjects or their families may complicate
      attempts to study human erythrocyte (RBC) lithium transport in depressed
      patients.

PMID- 6580656
TI  - Autistic children's hand preferences: results from an epidemiological study of
      infantile autism.
AB  - Twenty-six autistic children, constituting a total population sample of children
      diagnosed in accordance with Rutter's criteria as suffering from infantile
      autism, were assessed with regard to handedness and certain associated factors.
      They were compared with 52 age-, sex-, and IQ-matched controls. Sixty-two percent
      of the autistic children were non-right-handed compared with 37% of the controls.
      Left-handedness in autism was associated with an abundance of delayed echolalia.
      Heredity for left-handedness in some cases, and assumed brain damage and immature
      patterns of lateralization in others, were considered the cause of non-right
      handedness in the autistic children. Computed tomographic (CT) brain scans and
      other neurobiological examinations did not provide evidence indicating clear-cut
      unilateral left hemisphere dysfunction in autism. Rather, a slight trend in the
      opposite direction (i.e., an association with right hemisphere dysfunction) was
      seen in the left-handed autistic children. The result points toward the need for
      further studies of handedness in autism.

PMID- 6580655
TI  - Use of an MMPI scale to predict antidepressant response to lithium.
AB  - Previous research has indicated that a subset of Minnesota Multiphasic
      Personality Inventory (MMPI) items may be able to predict antidepressant
      treatment response to lithium. Twenty-one patients with major depressive disorder
      were assigned to treatment with lithium based on this MMPI lithium response
      scale. Twenty lithium-assigned patients completed the 4-week trial. Sixty percent
      of these patients showed a 50% reduction in Hamilton depression scores. This
      response rate is similar to results obtained in studies using no selection
      criteria in the treatment of depression with lithium.

PMID- 6580657
TI  - Association of alcoholism and antisocial personality in a narcotic-dependent
      population: the Lexington addicts.
AB  - Men with antisocial personality have a higher prevalence of alcoholism than men
      without. This relationship was examined in a narcotic-dependent sample, and it
      was found that narcotic-dependent men with antisocial personality had a rate of
      alcoholism comparable to that of narcotic-dependent men without antisocial
      personality. The methodological and clinical explanations for this finding are
      discussed along with the neurophysiological implications.

PMID- 6580658
TI  - What is deviant about deviant smooth pursuit eye movements in schizophrenia?
AB  - Smooth pursuit eye movements of schizophrenic, hospitalized nonpsychotic, and
      normal control subjects (18 per group) were measured in low and high target
      information conditions. A computer method for measuring saccade frequency and
      velocity was used. The results indicated that the frequency of saccades was
      significantly greater in both tracking conditions for schizophrenic than for
      hospitalized nonpsychotic or normal subjects. Consistent with our earlier
      finding, the reduction in saccade frequency with high information was greatest
      for schizophrenic subjects. The results also yielded a unique finding: the
      velocity of saccades within smooth pursuit records was significantly greater for
      schizophrenic than for hospitalized nonpsychotic or normal subjects. Greater
      saccade velocity was not a result of increased saccade size; there was no
      significant difference in the size of saccades for normal and schizophrenic
      subjects. Yet, the duration of saccades was significantly less for schizophrenics
      than for other subjects. Target information affected the frequency, duration and
      size, yet not the velocity of saccades emitted by all subjects. In contrast to
      earlier interpretations of deviant smooth pursuit eye movements in schizophrenia,
      the results may provide the first evidence of differences in the functioning of
      the saccadic eye movement systems of schizophrenic and normal subjects.

PMID- 6580659
TI  - Spontaneous and drug-induced remission of alcoholic organic brain syndrome:
      clinical, psychometric, and neurophysiological studies.
AB  - The spontaneous and drug-induced remission of alcoholic organic brain syndrome
      was studied in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Forty patients with
      alcoholic organic brain syndrome (OBS) were randomly assigned to a 6-week
      treatment with either placebo or piridoxilate, a reciprocal salt between two
      stereoisomers of the glyoxylic acid-substituted piridoxine. Clinical,
      psychometric, and computer-assisted spectral analyses of the electroencephalogram
      (EEG) were carried out in weeks 0, 2, 4, and 6. Piridoxale-5-phosphate (PLP)
      blood level determination and laboratory investigations were performed before
      therapy and also in weeks 4 and 6. Both groups of patients demonstrated
      significant clinical improvement over 6 weeks of treatment, but the improvement
      in the piridoxilate-treated group was significantly greater than that in the
      placebo group. This conclusion was also confirmed by psychometric tests
      demonstrating a greater improvement in attention, concentration, attention
      variability, tapping, visual and numerical memory, and aftereffect (Archimedean
      spiral) in the piridoxilate than in the placebo group. Spectral analysis of the
      EEG showed an increase in alpha and a decrease in fast beta activities in both
      groups, while delta activity was attenuated only in the piridoxilate-treated
      group. The latter was found to be significantly correlated with the improvement
      in psychopathology. The present data confirm previous predictions about the
      encephalotropic and psychotropic properties of piridoxilate; these predictions
      were based on pharmaco-EEG trials in the elderly that suggested vigilance
      improving qualities of piridoxilate. The reversible alcoholic OBS appears to be a
      suitable model for the assessment of therapeutic efficacy of nootropic drugs.

PMID- 6580660
TI  - Serum neuroleptic and prolactin levels in schizophrenic patients and clinical
      response.
AB  - Following a drug-free placebo period lasting at least 1 week, 10 female and 11
      male newly hospitalized schizophrenic patients received chlorpromazine (CPZ) 200
      mg/day for 1 week and 400 mg/day the following week. Serum CPZ equivalent (CPZ-E)
      levels were measured at the end of each week of CPZ treatment with a
      radioreceptor assay. Chlorpromazine-E levels were significantly higher in females
      than males, but this finding could be accounted for by differences in body
      weight. Serum prolactin (PRL) levels were also higher in females than males.
      After differences in serum CPZ-E level were adjusted for, females still had
      significantly higher serum PRL levels than males. Serum PRL levels increased
      between the first and second treatment weeks in females but not in males.
      Correlations between serum CPZ-E and PRL levels were higher among males than
      females. Significant improvement for the patient group as a whole was observed
      during the 2 weeks of treatment, with a strong trend for females to improve more
      than males. Clinical outcome at this initial period was not predicted by either
      serum PRL levels or serum CPZ-E levels.

PMID- 6580661
TI  - Serum prolactin response to chlorpromazine and psychopathology in schizophrenics:
      implications for the dopamine hypothesis.
AB  - The prolactin (PRL) response to 12.5 and 25 mg of chlorpromazine (CPZ) was
      studied in unmedicated schizophrenic patients and normal control subjects. Both
      doses produced significant increases in serum PRL levels compared to saline, but
      the response to 25 mg CPZ was significantly greater than that to 12.5 mg. The PRL
      response to the 12.5 mg dose only was significantly correlated with baseline PRL
      levels for both males and females, suggesting that endogenous dopamine release
      from tuberoinfundibular neurons has a much greater effect upon the PRL response
      to the 12.5 mg dose of CPZ than to the 25 mg dose. Both doses of CPZ tended to
      show lower PRL responses in the schizophrenic females. The PRL response to the 25
      mg dose was negatively correlated with ratings of severity of delusions at the
      time of study. The PRL response to 25 mg correlated highly with the morning serum
      PRL levels following treatment with CPZ 100 mg and 200 mg orally b.i.d. for 1
      week at each dose. The PRL response to both doses did not predict clinical
      response at the end of 2 weeks of treatment with fixed dosages of CPZ. Serum PRL
      levels during treatment with CPZ 200 mg b.i.d. were significantly negatively
      correlated with ratings of hallucinations. The negative correlations between
      severity of delusions and hallucinations and various PRL measures suggest that
      increased dopaminergic activity in the tuberoinfundibular hypothalamic-pituitary
      axis may be associated with increased activity of subcortical and cortical
      dopaminergic systems.

PMID- 6580662
TI  - The dexamethasone suppression test in demented outpatients with and without
      depression.
AB  - The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was given to 33 elderly, male
      outpatients, previously diagnosed by DSM-III criteria as having dementia. Fifteen
      of these patients also had signs and symptoms of depression and, except for the
      presence of organic mental syndrome, would have met DSM-III criteria for major
      depressive episode. Of these 15 depressed, demented patients, 40% had abnormal
      DST results. None of the 18 patients who had dementia alone had abnormal DSTs.
      Our data suggest that in elderly, demented outpatients, an abnormal DST may be
      associated with concomitant depression.

PMID- 6580663
TI  - Phenomenologic relationship of eating disorders to major affective disorder.
AB  - We administered the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview
      Schedule to 41 patients with a lifetime history of anorexia nervosa (25 with and
      16 without bulimia) and to 49 patients with bulimia alone. Results showed that
      77% of the patients with eating disorders had a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-III
      major affective disorder, a rate significantly higher than that found in
      comparison groups composed of the first-degree relatives of probands with
      schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. High lifetime rates of anxiety disorders,
      substance use disorders, and kleptomania were also observed. By contrast, few
      cases of personality disorders and no cases of schizophrenia were found. These
      findings combine with the results of studies of family history, long-term
      outcome, response to biological tests, and treatment response to suggest that
      anorexia nervosa and bulimia may be closely related to major affective disorder.

PMID- 6580664
TI  - Self-reported depression in bipolar groups.

PMID- 6580665
TI  - Isolated advanced periodontal defects with pulpal involvement.

PMID- 6580666
TI  - Survey of current therapy. part II.

PMID- 6580667
TI  - Hemifacial osteosclerosis: report of a case.

PMID- 6580668
TI  - An unusual response to curettage.

PMID- 6580670
TI  - A flexible appointment control system for the dental office.

PMID- 6580669
TI  - Brainstorming the braincase: cephalometric theory and technique for the modern
      dental office.

PMID- 6580671
TI  - Healing of mucoperiosteal incisions made by electrosurgery.

PMID- 6580672
TI  - An improved method of three-dimensional study of apical leakage.

PMID- 6580673
TI  - Primary bone tumors: percutaneous needle biopsy. Radiologic-pathologic study of
      222 biopsies.
AB  - Findings of 222 needle biopsies were evaluated to determine the accuracy of the
      procedure in diagnosis, the role of the biopsy in limb-salvage procedures, the
      contribution of needle biopsy in the assessment of tumor effect in patients
      receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and reasons for failure to obtain
      diagnostic tissue. The overall accuracy of needle biopsy in diagnosis of benign
      and malignant tumors was 78.6%. The major tumor categories included osteosarcoma
      (50 patients), giant-cell tumor (33 patients), Ewing sarcoma (22 patients), and
      spindle-cell sarcoma (15 patients). The accuracy of needle biopsy in diagnosis
      for these tumors was 78%, 88%, 95%, and 87%, respectively. The results of follow
      up needle biopsy were encouraging, with roughly a 70% adequacy in the patients
      who had osteosarcoma and 50% in the patients who had Ewing sarcoma. The major
      reason for failure to obtain tissue for diagnosis in 17 of 35 patients was the
      presence of blastic tumors. The presence of cystic lesions and faulty technique
      were other reasons for failure. Percutaneous needle biopsy in patients who have
      primary bone tumors is a helpful diagnostic tool, forms an important part of the
      limb-salvage procedure, and contributes to the assessment of tumor effects in
      patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy. To minimize failure in obtaining
      adequate tissue for diagnosis, biopsy specimens of blastic tumors should be
      obtained from their soft tissue components, lytic areas, or the least dense
      areas, while a smear of aspirate from cystic lesions should be prepared for
      cytologic examination and the clot embedded in paraffin for histologic study.

PMID- 6580674
TI  - Malignant external otitis: the role of computed tomography and radionuclides in
      evaluation.
AB  - Nine patients with malignant external otitis (MEO) were evaluated with Tc-99m
      bone scans, Ga-67 citrate scans, pluridirectional tomography, and computed
      tomographic (CT) scans in order to assess the role of each in the diagnosis and
      management of MEO. The Tc-99m and Ga-67 citrate scans were the most accurate
      studies in the initial identification of disease activity, while the return to
      normal or improvement of the Ga-67 citrate scan has been shown to correlate best
      with clinical resolution of MEO. CT demonstrated soft-tissue disease and central
      skull base osteomyelitis better than pluridirectional tomography. CT is excellent
      for localizing and following the progression of bone disease; however, because
      reossification of the skull base is a very slow process, CT cannot be used to
      follow accurately regression or inactivity of MEO affecting this area. CT is the
      best modality for following soft-tissue extension of MEO.

PMID- 6580675
TI  - Aclarubicin (aclacinomycin A) and irradiation: evaluation using HeLa cells.
AB  - Aclarubicin (aclacinomycin A), an anthracyclic anti-tumor antibiotic, was
      examined as a possible factor to improve survival of proliferating HeLa cells
      following irradiation. After irradiation followed by exposure to 5 micrograms/ml
      of aclarubicin for 1 hour, cell killing was significantly enhanced from 2 hours
      onward, reaching a maximum at 24 hours. The maximum enhancement ratio, determined
      from comparison of D0 values (mean lethal radiation doses), was 2.3. Aclarubicin
      did not potentiate cell killing appreciably when it was given prior to or
      simultaneously with irradiation. Potentiation cannot be attributed to suppression
      of recovery from sublethal radiation damage, but rather is due to interaction
      between radiation and drug damage and lasts through approximately 10 divisions. A
      recall effect may be predicted on the basis of these findings.

PMID- 6580676
TI  - Extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma of the breast: mammographic and pathologic
      findings.
AB  - An unusual primary extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma is described. The tumor's
      mammographic appearance was highly suggestive of the correct histologic
      diagnosis. This case supports the theory that these tumors originate from a
      totipotent cell.

PMID- 6580677
TI  - Bowel perforation in the newborn: diagnosis with metrizamide.
AB  - Although the diagnosis of bowel perforation is frequently straightforward, it may
      be difficult in the neonate. Clinical signs may be limited to abdominal
      distension. If the patient is on assisted ventilation, pneumoperitoneum may be
      due to air tracking down from the chest rather than perforation. The authors
      report 6 cases of bowel perforation in infants in whom the diagnosis could not
      readily be made from the clinical findings and plain radiographs but was apparent
      when oral metrizamide was employed. This suggests that metrizamide can be a
      valuable adjunct in some cases of neonatal bowel perforation.

PMID- 6580678
TI  - Alteration in the reactivity of hamster cheek pouch arterioles to prostaglandin
      E2 and noradrenaline during pregnancy or sex steroid treatment.
AB  - Dioestrous and pregnant, or ovariectomized hamsters treated with sunflower oil,
      oestradiol or progesterone were anesthetized with pentobarbital and the
      arterioles of the cheek pouch membrane were prepared for microcirculatory study.
      Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) or noradrenaline (NA) were topically applied and changes
      of the arteriolar diameter were measured on the screen of a closed-circuit
      television. PGE2 induced arteriolar dilatation in dioestrous or ovariectomized
      hamsters, but induced vasoconstriction in pregnant or in oestrogen-treated
      animals. Vasoconstriction induced by PGE2 in oestrogen-treated animals
      disappeared after administration of alpha-adrenergic blockers. In this situation,
      PGE2 induced vasodilatation once again. NA elicited arteriolar constriction in
      each experimental group. In ovariectomized hamsters treated with oestrogen the
      constriction was more pronounced than in progesterone treated animals. In
      pregnant animals it was significantly greater on day 14 than in dioestrous
      animals. Progesterone treatment blunted the vascular effect of both PGE2 and NA.
      It was concluded that the reverse effect of PGE2 and the increased sensitivity to
      NA induced by high oestradiol levels may have roles in the regulation of local
      blood flow during the ovarian cycle and pregnancy.

PMID- 6580679
TI  - Contractile effects of PGD2 and PGF2 alpha on mechanical and electrical
      activities in longitudinal and circular muscles of the guinea-pig colon.
AB  - Contractile effects of PGD2 and PGF2 alpha on mechanical and electrical
      activities were investigated in longitudinal and circular muscles of the guinea
      pig isolated proximal colon. PGD2 and PGF2 alpha (1 microM)-induced contractions
      were reduced with a decrease in external Ca ion concentration and were prevented
      at zero Ca(EGTA 1 mM) in both muscles. In electrical activities recorded by the
      single sucrose gap method, PGD2 and PGF2 alpha (1 microM) increased the frequency
      of spike generation on the slow waves in both muscles. Verapamil (10 microM), a
      Ca antagonist, blocked spontaneous and PG-induced spike activities with little
      effect on the slow waves in both muscles. Verapamil markedly reduced the
      contractions to PGs in the longitudinal muscle, but not in the circular muscle.
      The results suggest that PGD2 and PGF2 alpha produced contractions which may
      depend largely on an increase in the inward Ca current of the spikes in
      longitudinal muscle, and may depend both on a release of Ca from the Ca
      sequestration in the cell, and on a spike-dependent Ca influx in circular muscle
      of the guinea-pig colon.

PMID- 6580680
TI  - The metabolism of prostaglandin E2 in perinatal rabbit lungs.
AB  - The inactivation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was studied in isolated perfused
      lungs of fetal and neonatal rabbits. 200 nmol of 14C-PGE2 was infused into the
      pulmonary circulation and the metabolites of PGE2 were analysed from the
      nonrecirculating perfusion effluent. The amount of the main metabolite, 13,14
      dihydro-15-keto-PGE2, increased significantly between the 28th and 30th day of
      fetal life, remained relatively constant at the time of birth and increased again
      between 1st and 7th postnatal day. In contrast, the amount of 15-keto-PGE2
      remained relatively stable during the studied period. The activity of NAD+
      dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-OH-PGDH) was determined from
      the 100.000 g supernatant fraction of fetal, neonatal and maternal rabbit lungs
      using 14C-PGE2 (20 microM) as the substrate. In the lungs of late fetal rabbits
      the activity of 15-OH-PGDH was significantly higher compared to the early
      postnatal period. Maternal rabbit lungs possessed, however, very high activities
      compared to the studied perinatal lungs. The results show, that the activity of
      the pulmonary 15-OH-PGDH is high already during the late fetal period. The
      inactivation of PGE2 in isolated perfused lungs seems, however, to increase
      during the last prenatal days. Thus it seems possible that the uptake mechanism
      could be the rate limiting step in the metabolism of PGE2 in rabbit lungs during
      the perinatal period.

PMID- 6580681
TI  - Technical possibilities for lateral occlusal rims on removable orthodontic
      appliances.

PMID- 6580682
TI  - Dental laboratory organization--structure, goals, and objectives.

PMID- 6580683
TI  - The future of dental laboratory technology is dependent upon continuing
      education, says Kingsley Kau, C.D.T.

PMID- 6580684
TI  - Intra-arterial infusion of bromodeoxyuridine and radiotherapy in osteosarcoma and
      other bone malignancies.
AB  - In order to avoid amputation, which does not seem to improve survival in
      osteosarcoma, we have initiated a limb-preservation program using intra-arterial
      radiosensitization. Eleven osteosarcomas with soft tissue involvement and six
      other bone malignancies were prospectively treated according to the following
      protocol: (a) surgical insertion of an intra-arterial catheter through a Dacron
      patch, (b) intra-arterial infusion of 15 mg/kg BUDR on days 1-2 every 5 days for
      40 days, (c) 600 rads flash irradiation on day 3 every 5 days, X 8. Median follow
      up time has been 36 months. In the osteosarcoma group, median survival has been
      12 months. Four of the five osteosarcoma patients who died had received
      prophylactic HD methotrexate-vincristine-adriamycin systemic chemotherapy; one
      patient refused.

PMID- 6580685
TI  - Super-selective cytostatic treatment of malignant tumors of the soft tissue and
      bone.

PMID- 6580686
TI  - Protective effects of ketotifen on guinea pig trachea.
AB  - We have studied the effects of ketotifen (Ke), an effective antiallergic drug, on
      guinea pig trachea. Ke (10(-6)-5 X 10(-5) M) inhibits contractions induced in
      this preparation by acetylcholine, prostaglandin F2 alpha, barium chloride,
      potassium chloride and electrical stimulation. These results provide evidence for
      protective effects of Ke in airways. Furthermore, Ke exerts also a neural
      inhibitory effect on postganglionic parasympathetic fibers of guinea pig trachea.
      These findings resemble the effects reported previously for disodium cromoglycate
      by us and might be relevant for antiasthmatic and antiallergic properties of Ke.

PMID- 6580687
TI  - [Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol in a population of asymptomatic men
      in Santiago, Chile].

PMID- 6580688
TI  - [Composites, development of the technology].

PMID- 6580689
TI  - [Composites and biocompatibility].

PMID- 6580690
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome: myths and realities].

PMID- 6580691
TI  - [Current data on the etiopathogenesis of root resorption affecting the permanent
      teeth].

PMID- 6580692
TI  - [A case of multiple tooth resorptions from a hereditary aspect in a patient who
      has undergone endodontic treatment].

PMID- 6580693
TI  - [Actinomycosis: apropos of a case of cervicofacial actinomycosis].

PMID- 6580694
TI  - [Round table: endodontic technics. 4: Canal obturation].

PMID- 6580695
TI  - [Mouth surgery in general practice].

PMID- 6580696
TI  - [Current technics of amalgam restoration].

PMID- 6580697
TI  - [Root canal treatment in current practice (Operation on the molar in real time)].

PMID- 6580698
TI  - [Preoperative medication].

PMID- 6580699
TI  - The P.P.O. and you.

PMID- 6580700
TI  - Management of fear and anxiety in dental practice.

PMID- 6580701
TI  - Radiographic case of the month. Dislocation of the meniscus of the
      temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6580702
TI  - Clinicopathological conference. Undetected Hodgkin's disease manifesting as a
      neoplastic neuromyopathy.

PMID- 6580704
TI  - Transportation expense deductions. Rulings of the IRS generally are based on tax
      court decisions.

PMID- 6580703
TI  - Differences in hospital use by residence: the Rhode Island experience in 1980.
      Study reveals marked differences in utilization which call for further
      examination.

PMID- 6580705
TI  - The accountability of physicians.

PMID- 6580706
TI  - The nicotine fix.

PMID- 6580707
TI  - Computed tomography in the management of head and neck cancers.

PMID- 6580708
TI  - Breach of contract and the Yellow Pages.

PMID- 6580709
TI  - [Seckel's syndrome (or bird's head dwarfism). Apropos of a case].
AB  - A 13-year-old boy presented with Seckel's syndrome, still called bird's head
      nanism, characterized by: --nanism, mental retardation, microcephaly, and
      protrusio of the middle third of the face. The typical facial appearance enabled
      a detailed study to be conducted of both clinical and radiological features,
      including, particularly, an architectural and structural analysis of profile
      teleradiographic images, providing objective data on the craniofacial
      deformities. Skeletal and systemic anomalies are also described, together with
      elements documented in the literature but absent in the present case. The
      etiology of this syndrome remains unknown.

PMID- 6580710
TI  - [Ectopic salivary gland tissue in the neck. Morphology, diagnostic and
      histogenetic problems. Apropos of 3 cases].
AB  - 3 case reports of ectopic salivary gland tissue in the neck are presented. A
      localized swelling was found in the upper or the middle neck along the anterior
      border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. It was not associated with any draining
      sinus opening on the skin. After surgical excision, the histopathological study
      demonstrated around a large "cystic" duct few or many lobules of salivary gland
      tissue containing serous acini and ducts. The embryogenesis of these heterotopies
      within remanants of the branchial apparatus could be demonstrated in one of our
      cases by the association of a true branchial cleft cyst with an ectopic salivary
      gland.

PMID- 6580711
TI  - [Diagnosis of trismus, excluding tetanus and local causes].
AB  - The most frequent causes of trismus are tetanus and local lesions. This report
      discusses other etiologies. Trismus is usually only a secondary sign of a rich
      clinical picture, but may be of diagnostic value in some cases. Emphasis is
      placed on the frequency of involvement of neuroleptic intoxication, the early
      onset of trismus in the malignant hyperthermia syndrome, and on the useful role
      of trismus in the localization of neurological lesions.

PMID- 6580712
TI  - [Use of neck muscle in the correction of facial asymmetry. The Barron-Tessier
      flap].
AB  - The musculocutaneous or purely muscular flap from the platysma can be used
      effectively for repair of loss of substance of the skin and mucous membranes of
      the lower third of the face, and also for contour reconstruction of the soft
      tissues of the face in such difficult indications as Romberg's progressive facial
      hemi-atrophy. Based on the original description by Barron in 1965, Paul Tessier
      has widely developed and trained in the use of this procedure for the last 15
      years. The operative technique is described, indications and contra-indications
      discussed, and long-term results and tactics to be followed for correction of
      facial asymmetries outlined.

PMID- 6580713
TI  - [Continuous mandibular traction as adjuvant treatment in dysmorphism].
AB  - We use the Delbet and Tessier's head frame in order to complete a continuous
      traction on the jaw. In post operative period, this method can achieve a better
      result of major facial deformities.

PMID- 6580714
TI  - [Association of chronic lymphoid leukemia and epidermoid carcinoma of the mouth
      floor].
AB  - Authors report a scarce case of association in stomatologic and
      otorhinolaryngologic area. After a general study of this type of association, in
      which the average of 6,8% of carcinoma is usually admitted in lymphocytic
      leukemia, a case of lymphocytic nodular lymphoma, a disease very close to chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia, is reported with secondary discovering of an epithelioma.
      Importance of detection must be underlined, and the treatment of carcinoma is
      discussed.

PMID- 6580715
TI  - [Bifractionated radiotherapy and oropharyngeal carcinoma].
AB  - The relatively poor results of therapy for epidermoid oropharyngeal carcinoma
      stages T3 and T4 suggested the need for new treatment regimens. A study involving
      24 patients included bifractionated radiation on a daily basis, as used by J. C.
      Horiot and A. Nabib and then by the E.O.R.T.C. group. The more encouraging
      results reported by A. Nabib were not obtained. The 5-year survival rate will
      possibly be no better than after conventional external radiation. Post
      radiotherapy complications were observed.

PMID- 6580716
TI  - [Results of ionizing radiation treatment of 2274 epidermoid epitheliomas of the
      lips].
AB  - In preparation for the 18th meeting of the European Curietherapy Group, devoted
      to cancer of the lip, 2 363 cases of lip cancer from 23 European Hospitals were
      retrospectively analysed. After presentation of these results, several free
      communications, and a large interdisciplinary panel discussion, a consensus was
      reached for the management of the primary tumor and the regional lymph nodes.
      Interstitial implant with iridium 192 wires results in a local recurrence rate
      which does not excede 3,4%. This method may be considered the treatment of choice
      for T1 and T2 tumors and many T3 tumors. On the other hand surgery should be used
      for in situ tumors and very large deeply infiltrating tumors. As the 2% failure
      rate after routine prophylactic neck dissection does not significantly differ
      from the 3% failure rate when patients undergo neck dissection only if clinically
      positive neck nodes develop, patients with T1, T2 tumors and no palpable neck
      nodes, who can be expected to submit to regular follow-up examination, may be
      managed conservatively. Patients with clinically positive neck nodes should
      undergo a neck dissection followed by radiationtherapy.

PMID- 6580717
TI  - [The action of prostaglandins on the vaginal cytological picture].

PMID- 6580718
TI  - Graft-versus-host reaction in 3 adult leukaemia patients after transfusion of
      blood cell products.
AB  - We describe 3 cases of acute graft-versus-host (GVH) disease in patients with
      acute myeloid leukaemia following transfusions taken from non-HLA-identical
      healthy donors. The leucocyte transfusions were given because of severe bone
      marrow aplasia and granulocytopenia following leukaemia induction treatment. The
      first patient had an acute GVH reaction with an erythrodermia-like skin reaction
      all over and associated with severe abdominal cramping, enlarged liver and
      pathological liver function tests. The second patient had a relatively mild skin
      reaction and enlarged liver. Both died of severe pulmonary infection. The third
      patient also had a mild skin reaction and enlarged liver. He died of pulmonary
      embolism. The diagnosis of GVH of the latter 2 cases was made on skin biopsy. The
      autopsy samples revealed in all cases a heavy lymphocytic infiltration of the
      kidneys and liver portal area. Until more precise guidelines can be established,
      irradiation of blood cell products given to patients with neutropenia due to
      leukaemia induction treatment should be considered.

PMID- 6580719
TI  - Antigenic expression and proliferative status of multilineage myeloid progenitor
      cells (CFU-GEMM) in normal individuals and patients with chronic granulocytic
      leukaemia.
AB  - We assayed the number of multilineage myeloid progenitor cells (CFU-GEMM) in the
      blood and marrow of patients with newly diagnosed chronic granulocytic leukaemia
      (CGL). The mean number of CFU-GEMM in the blood was increased 600-fold and CFU
      GEMM in the marrow was doubled in the CGL patients compared with normal. A
      complement-fixing monoclonal antibody with HLA-DR specificity inhibited the
      proliferation of CFU-GEMM from CGL blood to a greater extent than that of
      comparable cells in normal marrow. Using a hydroxyurea 'suicide' method we found
      that the proportion of CFU-GEMM in proliferative cycle was higher in CGL blood
      than in normal marrow. We conclude that (1) CFU-GEMM numbers are greatly
      increased in the blood of patients with CGL, (2) CFU-GEMM express HLA-DR antigens
      on their surface, and (3) the apparently increased expression of the antigen on
      CFU-GEMM from CGL blood in comparison with CFU-GEMM from normal marrow may
      parallel the relatively higher proportion of CGL CFU-GEMM in cell cycle.

PMID- 6580721
TI  - Different hepatitis B vaccines.

PMID- 6580720
TI  - Eosinophilic granulocytes as a possible source of vitamin B12-binding protein.
AB  - Leucocyte B12 and B12-binding capacity were measured by Simultrac radioassay in
      eosinophilic granulocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes and leucocytes obtained from
      patients with chronic granulocytic and lymphocytic leukaemia. It is shown that
      (a) eosinophils are a possible source of B12-binding protein similar to
      neutrophils and (b) granulocytes in myeloproliferative disorders and normal
      neutrophils have similar B12 and B12-binding capacity indicating that increased
      B12 and B12-binding capacity in myeloproliferative disorders arise from an
      increase in myeloid cell turnover.

PMID- 6580722
TI  - Aspects of vaccination against hepatitis B; passive-active immunization schedules
      and vaccination responses in different age groups.

PMID- 6580723
TI  - Immune response to hepatitis B vaccination in the mentally retarded.

PMID- 6580724
TI  - Vaccination of children with malignant diseases with alum-absorbed hepatitis B
      vaccine--Immunogenicity studies.

PMID- 6580725
TI  - Vaccination against hepatitis B sexual contacts of contagious patients.

PMID- 6580726
TI  - Hepatitis B vaccination of hemophiliacs.

PMID- 6580727
TI  - Who should be vaccinated against hepatitis B?

PMID- 6580728
TI  - The development of a vaccine against hepatitis B.

PMID- 6580729
TI  - Bacterial infections in the upper respiratory tract. A symposium held at the
      Swedish Medical Society, Stockholm, Sweden, March 24, 1983.

PMID- 6580730
TI  - Clinical aspects on bacterial infections in the upper respiratory tract.
AB  - Acute respiratory tract infections represent the major cause of morbidity in
      younger age groups. Most of these infections involve the upper respiratory tract.
      The frequency of respiratory tract infections vary not only with age, but also
      with season of the year and the epidemiological situation. Surveys of the
      incidence and aetiology of these infections must therefore cover large
      populations during relatively long periods of time. In the developed countries,
      the mortality in respiratory tract infections in patients below the age of 60
      years is low, while it increases markedly in elderly patients, mainly due to
      involvement of the lower respiratory tract. Aetiologically, viral infections
      dominate but bacterial pathogens often cause pharyngitis/tonsillitis, otitis
      media and sinusitis. In longstanding cough in children, Branhamella catarrhalis
      has been found to be a pathogen of probably high significance. Other factors
      increasing the clinical importance of colonisation of the upper respiratory tract
      with potentially pathogenic bacterial species, are various immune defects,
      especially reduced IgA production, and granulocytopenia. In the latter case, Gram
      negative bacteria seem to be more pathogenic than Gram-positive ones. The
      clinical differentiation between viral and bacterial upper respiratory tract
      infections is difficult and sometimes not possible. However, based on the
      knowledge that acute tracheitis, laryngitis and common cold are normally caused
      by viral agents, it seems reasonable not to use antibiotics for those patients.

PMID- 6580731
TI  - Epidemiology of acute otitis media in children.
AB  - A prospective, longitudinal, epidemiological study of acute otitis media (AOM) in
      children started in Malmo in 1977 and is planned to continue for about 10 years.
      All cases of AOM in children are registered. The registration includes the name
      of the patient, the individual ten-digit birth-number and date and place of
      diagnosis. The registered information is supplemented with information on the
      patients' dwelling and type of day-care within the city at the time of diagnosis.
      All data are computerized. In 1977, all children up to 3 years of age were
      registered. In each of the following two years, a new age class was included.
      Since 1980 children up to 15 years have been registered. The results regarding
      the occurrence of AOM in 1980 show that about 10% of all children under 16 years
      of age had at least one episode of AOM. The disease was most common among one
      year-olds, and about 30% of this age class had at least one episode. The
      occurrence did not vary with sex. AOM was most common during the winter season.
      The results of the cohort study of children born in 1977, with an observation
      time of maximum 48 months, show that children aged 6-11 months run the greatest
      risk of getting AOM. Fifty-four % of the children had at least one episode before
      the age of 48 months, and 48% of these children had more than one episode. There
      was no difference between the sexes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6580732
TI  - Molecular mechanisms of adhesion of Streptococcus pneumoniae to human
      oropharyngeal epithelial cells.
AB  - Adherence of bacteria to mucosal surfaces is an early step in colonization and
      infection. Streptococcus pneumoniae colonizes the nasopharynx and causes
      localized and systemic disease. The higher adhesion capacity of strains isolated
      from patients with otitis as compared to strains from sepsis or meningitis
      patients indicates that binding to the nasopharyngeal mucosa is important in
      localized but not in invasive infections. The biochemical basis of the
      pneumococcal binding to epithelial cells has been investigated. Human
      nasopharyngeal epithelial cells were mixed with pneumococci, and adherence was
      determined microscopically. Inhibition of adherence with analogues of epithelial
      cell receptors was tested by preincubation of pneumococci before the addition of
      the epithelial cells. Competitive inhibition with glycoconjugates, representing
      receptor structures on the epithelial cell surface, showed receptor function of
      saccharides containing the disaccharide GlcNAcbeta1 leads to 3Galbeta-.

PMID- 6580733
TI  - Penetration of cefaclor to adenoid tissue and middle ear fluid in secretory
      otitis media.
AB  - Seventy-nine patients that had persistent or recurrent secretory otitis media for
      over 3 months and were scheduled for myringotomy and/or adenoidectomy received a
      single dose of cefaclor (20 or 40 mg/kg) orally 0.5-4 hours before surgery.
      Cefaclor concentrations were determined in serum, middle ear fluid and/or blood
      free adenoid tissue homogenate using microbiological methods. Concentrations in
      adenoid homogenate ran parallel to those in serum, indicating a rapid penetration
      to adenoid tissue. Penetration to middle ear fluid was delayed in comparison. In
      the 51 patients receiving 20 mg/kg, peak levels occurred after 0.5 hour in serum
      as well as in adenoid homogenate and middle ear fluid with mean values of 29, 7.5
      and 5.1 mg/l, respectively. Concentrations in the middle ear fluid were greater
      than 2.0 mg/l from 0.5 to 3 hours after this dose. In the 28 patients receiving
      40 mg/kg, concentrations levelled after 0.5 hour in serum and in adenoid
      homogenate, with mean values of 21-33 mg/l and 6.3-12 mg/l, respectively.
      Concentrations in the middle ear fluid reached 7.8 mg/l 2 hours after this dose.
      A dose of 20 mg/kg appears to be suitable for treatment of respiratory tract
      infections on a b.i.d. basis.

PMID- 6580734
TI  - Pathogenesis of maxillary sinusitis.
AB  - Some recent studies concerning the pathogenesis of the maxillary sinusitis is
      surveyed. The importance of normal sinus ventilation for maintenance of a healthy
      sinus is stressed. It is concluded that granulocytes in the sinus secretion play
      an important role in the defence of the mucosa against potentially invading
      bacteria, but that the granulocytes in purulent secretions release proteases in
      high concentrations causing heavy inflammatory response in the mucosa. It is also
      concluded that although bacteria only rarely and not invariably invade the
      mucosa, bacteria in the secretion activate the humoral and cellular defence
      systems. When the stimuli are strong, the release of granulocyte protease in
      tissues and secretion can surpass the capacity of the locally available protease
      inhibitors and tissue destruction will ensue.

PMID- 6580735
TI  - Treatment of maxillary sinusitis.
AB  - Most patients with sinusitis are treated by general practitioners. Since these
      doctors generally do not puncture the maxillary sinus, they can not be certain
      that the patient has a purulent sinus infection, which is the most important sign
      for determining whether or not the patient should have an antibiotic. Thus, the
      doctor has to rely on symptoms that are most characteristic of a purulent
      sinusitis. The symptoms are described and the bacteria most frequently seen in
      sinusitis are mentioned (Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and
      anaerobic bacteria). Treatment of maxillary sinusitis should primarily consist of
      restoring the normal milieu within the sinus by antral puncture and lavage.
      Penicillin V is still the first antibiotic drug of choice, because of its
      effectiveness in vitro and in vivo. In therapeutic failure, aeration of the
      maxillary sinus is first recommended. Cefaclor, tetracyclines or trimethoprim are
      recommended in patients allergic to penicillins. The agents are also recommended
      when beta-lactamase-producing strains of H. influenzae and Branhamella
      catarrhalis are isolated.

PMID- 6580736
TI  - Some non-bacteriological determinants and implications of antibiotic use in upper
      respiratory tract illness.
AB  - Antibiotics are widely but inconsistently used by general practitioners in the UK
      for treatment of respiratory infections. Although it might be expected that
      antibiotic use would be governed by biomedical factors this is often not the
      case. Four non-bacteriological determinants of antibiotic use are identified and
      discussed; these are (i) the doctor's anxiety about his workload, (ii) the
      response of doctors to social pressures, (iii) misinterpretation of underlying
      reasons for a consultation and (iv) fear of the possible development of sequels
      to streptococcal illness. The implications of the variable response of doctors to
      these influences are discussed. These apply, not only to doctors and patients,
      but also to relationships between them. In addition there are important
      implications for the credibility of general practice as a critical and
      academically respectable discipline.

PMID- 6580737
TI  - Bacteriological aspects of infections of the upper respiratory tract.
AB  - In this introductory presentation, the bacteriology of acute otitis media,
      sinusitis and orofacial infections is surveyed, and recent data on antibiotic
      resistance of the most common pathogenic bacteria are reported. In addition, the
      difference in the immunogenic effect of capsular polysaccharides from pneumococci
      and Haemophilus influenzae in children of different ages is mentioned. In acute
      otitis media and sinusitis, pneumococci and H. influenzae are the most common
      isolates followed in frequency by Branhamella catarrhalis and streptococci group
      A. It should be emphasized that the average relative risk of otitis media with
      effusion is much higher in children with viral respiratory infections than in
      children with nasopharyngeal colonization with pneumococci or H. influenzae.
      Anaerobic bacteria are the most common causes of odontogenic infections.
      Penicillin remains the most active of the currently available antibiotics against
      streptococci group A. Resistance to penicillin of clinical isolates has still not
      been documented, although resistance may occur to erythromycin and tetracycline.
      In pneumococci isolates obtained in Sweden, a relative resistance to penicillin
      occurs in a low percentage. They may also be resistant to erythromycin and
      tetracycline. The frequency of beta-lactamase producing H. influenzae has been
      followed nation-wide in Sweden during recent years. The mean frequency varies
      around 3-4% with local and seasonal peaks up to 12%. The majority of the H.
      influenzae isolates in Sweden are not fully sensitive to erythromycin, but
      resistance to chloramphenicol occurs. Most strains (including beta-lactamase
      producing) are sensitive to co-trimoxazole, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, cefotriaxone
      and cefaclor. Over 40% of clinical isolates of B. catarrhalis in Sweden produce
      beta-lactamase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6580738
TI  - [What have morphology and cytochemistry contributed to the diagnosis and
      treatment of acute lymphatic leukemia of childhood?].
AB  - Correlations between morphological and cytochemical classification and treatment
      results in 200 children with ALL (diagnosed from 1964 to 1980) resulted in small,
      insignificant differences: FAB-L2 morphology, and undifferentiated cytochemistry
      resulted in slightly worse remission or survival duration. A significant
      difference emerged between the best group (FAB-L2 and PAS-positivity) and the
      worst (FAB-L2 and undifferentiated cytochemistry). All immunologically examined
      blasts with strong acid phosphatase positivity showed T-cell markers, but not all
      those with T-cell markers were phosphatase positive. On the whole, the
      morphologic/cytochemical classification used here is not satisfactory and has
      declined significantly in importance due to the much improved treatment results
      since 1970.

PMID- 6580739
TI  - Thirty year old caucasian female with abdominal pain of 11 days duration.

PMID- 6580740
TI  - Fetal alcohol syndrome--intrauterine child abuse.

PMID- 6580741
TI  - Ear disease and hearing loss, Pierre, South Dakota, 1962-1982.

PMID- 6580742
TI  - [The maxillary sinus in the human skull in deciduous and mixed dentition age
      groups].

PMID- 6580743
TI  - [The influence of changes in the occlusal point and occlusal force on the
      displacement of the mandibular condyle].

PMID- 6580744
TI  - [Regeneration of sensory nerve fibers and nerve endings in the labial mucosa
      after sectioning of the mental nerve].

PMID- 6580746
TI  - [Irregularity of mandibular movement in patients with temporomandibular
      arthrosis].

PMID- 6580745
TI  - [A histopathological study of pulp response to 3 kinds of tannin-fluoride cement
      in cavities in dogs].

PMID- 6580747
TI  - [Dynamic studies of mandibular osteosynthesis. I. Stability of bone fragments
      using intraosseous wiring and metal plate fixation].

PMID- 6580748
TI  - [Dynamic studies of mandibular osteosynthesis. II. Interfragment compression of
      AO osteosynthesis].

PMID- 6580749
TI  - Case report 250. Multicentric osteosarcomata (osteosarcomatosis).

PMID- 6580750
TI  - Genetic engineering for food and additives.

PMID- 6580751
TI  - Towards better sedation.

PMID- 6580752
TI  - Electrocardiogram--why and wherefore.

PMID- 6580753
TI  - Kinetic visual disturbances with contact lenses.
AB  - Kinetic (variable) visual disturbances in contact lens wearers may be generated
      optically or mechanically. These disturbances are categorized in two groups: 1)
      those affecting both phakic and aphakic contact lens wearers; and 2) those
      peculiar to aphakic patients. Within each category disturbances vary with the
      types of lens used. In this review, the optical and mechanical bases for the
      various problems are discussed, as are possible solutions. It is emphasized that
      the ophthalmologist prescribing contact lenses should be aware of the patient's
      work hazards and requirements, and weigh the advantages and disadvantages of
      contact lenses. For example, is the patient exposed to high temperatures, heavy
      or fast-moving equipment, altered barometric conditions, etc.? Is physical
      exertion required? Employers and fellow workers should be aware of the contact
      lens wearers in their work force.

PMID- 6580754
TI  - Clinical and roentgenographic examination of 697 Swedish recruits, year group
      1980.
AB  - In the present study, 697 recruits starting military service in 1980 were
      subjected to a clinical and roentgenographic dental health examination
      supplemented by an inquiry by questionnaire on attitudes towards dental health
      and dental care. The results confirm the recent improvement of the caries state
      previously reported for corresponding age groups by other researchers. Intact
      anterior teeth were observed in 51 per cent of the recruits, while 18.6 per cent
      had no restored proximal surfaces. A considerable proportion, 79 per cent, had
      incipient caries, while 61.6 per cent showed manifest carious lesions.
      Consequently, a substantial need for restorative treatment and caries preventive
      measures was evident. Nearly 13 per cent of the recruits exhibited
      roentgenographically visible alveolar bone loss, while about 20 per cent had
      calculus deposits on the proximal surfaces in the premolar-molar areas. This
      indicates a necessity for periodontal treatment within this age group to which
      enough attention has not been paid in the past.

PMID- 6580755
TI  - Oral conditions in Sjogren-Larsson syndrome.
AB  - A study was carried out of oral conditions, including caries, gingivitis and
      periodontitis, malocclusion and enamel hypoplasias, in 34 of the 35 living
      Swedish patients with Sjogren-Larsson syndrome (SLS). Their residential
      circumstances (institutional or non-institutional) and medical background
      variables were recorded. The results were compared with previously published
      epidemiological data concerning the dental health of fully healthy and also of
      mentally and physically handicapped individuals. Compared with fully healthy
      individuals the SLS-patients had higher caries indices, a higher frequency of
      gingivitis and periodontitis, a higher frequency of enamel hypoplasias, but a
      similar prevalence of malocclusions. When compared with other mentally retarded
      individuals, the SLS-patients did not differ significantly with regard to caries
      frequency and gingival and periodontal status. The frequency of toothlessness in
      SLS-patients over 40 years of age was high. SLS-patients residing in institutions
      had a lower average caries prevalence than those who did not reside in
      institutions. The degree of mental retardation and the occurrence of epilepsy and
      more severe forms of neuromuscular disorder appeared to influence the extent of
      gingival and periodontal disease. The frequency of enamel hypoplasias was higher
      than in patients with cerebral palsy and comparable with the frequency in
      patients with Down's syndrome.

PMID- 6580756
TI  - Effects of xylitol on the acid production activity from sorbitol by Streptococcus
      mutans and human dental plaque.
AB  - -A method for the determination of acid production from 20-25 mg (wet weight) of
      Streptococcus mutans and 12-33 mg (wet weight) of human dental plaque is
      described. After endogenous acid production had been followed, either sorbitol or
      xylitol or a mixture of sorbitol and xylitol (2:1) was added. After about ten
      minutes glucose, sucrose or Palatinose were added for a vitality test. Addition
      of xylitol to the bacterial suspension caused inhibition of acid production from
      sorbitol by Streptococcus mutans grown on sorbitol or a mixture of sorbitol and
      glucose. It was also observed that it had a similar effect on acid production
      from sorbitol in suspensions of dental plaque with few exceptions. On the other
      hand, Streptococcus mutans cells grown on glucose, sucrose and xylitol media,
      produced no or insignificant amounts of acid from sorbitol. Streptococcus mutans
      cells grown on media containing glucose, sucrose, sorbitol and a mixture of
      sorbitol and glucose generally formed a large amount of acid from glucose and
      sucrose after the addition of sorbitol and xylitol. However, Streptococcus mutans
      cells grown on a medium containing xylitol and the mixture of sorbitol and
      xylitol formed less acid from glucose. The acid production activity from sorbitol
      in suspensions of dental plaque after the xylitol addition was somewhat lower
      than the acid production from sorbitol alone (p less than 0.02).

PMID- 6580757
TI  - On clinical corrosion of pins.
AB  - In laboratory and animal experiments over a period of four months and using
      energy dispersive x-ray analysis compositional changes were studied for stainless
      steel pins, gold plated stainless steel pins and gold alloy pins. Varying degrees
      of compositional changes were observed for all the studied situations. Generally
      speaking the results, however, indicate that in vitro corrosion in fresh saliva
      is more destructive than in vivo corrosion especially when the pins are used to
      retain amalgam restorations.

PMID- 6580758
TI  - Getting along without a collection agency.

PMID- 6580759
TI  - Prison dentist.

PMID- 6580760
TI  - [Adrenogenital syndrome with salt loss. 3-betahydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
      deficiency as a cause of life threatening vomiting with dehydration in newborn
      infants].

PMID- 6580761
TI  - The treatment of vital and non-vital exposed pulps in fractured permanent teeth
      with open apics. A report on two cases.

PMID- 6580762
TI  - A laboratory evaluation of fluoride dentifrices manufactured in South Africa.

PMID- 6580763
TI  - Ectopic thyroid tissue in the tongue.

PMID- 6580764
TI  - [The modern amalgam cavity preparation].

PMID- 6580765
TI  - Antimicrobial aspects of treating osteomyelitis of the jaws and maxillo facial
      fractures.

PMID- 6580766
TI  - Maintaining the periodontal patient.

PMID- 6580767
TI  - Effect of examination stress on serum lipid profile.

PMID- 6580768
TI  - [Screening the degree of oral health with reference to use of the Hemastix
      method].

PMID- 6580769
TI  - [The influence of manipulation upon compressive strength and static creep of
      dental amalgam].

PMID- 6580770
TI  - [Use of a computer in the processing of the results of clinical training].

PMID- 6580771
TI  - Human osteogenic sarcoma: fine structure of the osteoblastic type.
AB  - The fine structure of representative regions of 13 osteoblastic osteogenic
      sarcomas was studied. These regions contained four morphologically
      distinguishable subtypes of osteoblastlike cells. In addition, fibroblastlike and
      chondroblastlike cells were present, along with multinucleated giant cells,
      leukocytes, macrophagelike cells, and small populations of histogenetically
      unclassifiable (but probably neoplastic) cells. The morphologic evidence was
      compatible with the view that the variations in appearance among the subgroups of
      osteoblastlike cells reflected differences in maturation and differentiation of
      these cells. In at least one subgroup, the morphologic findings suggested that
      the cells were capable of manufacturing a secretory product. The multinucleated
      giant cells occurring in genuine tumor areas appeared to be closely related to
      neoplastic osteoblasts. The presence of chondroblastlike cells in the tissues
      illustrates that cells with a diverging differentiation can occur in an
      osteoblast-dominated cell population. This agrees with the view that the
      neoplastic cells originate from a mesenchymal stem cell with potential for
      multifaceted differentiation.

PMID- 6580772
TI  - Intranuclear branched cylindrical structures in human osteosarcoma cells.
AB  - A peculiar branched cylindrical structure within the nuclei of human osteosarcoma
      cells is reported. Although the described structures may be postulated to
      represent either "vermicellar bodies" or a response to cellular injury by
      chemotherapeutic agents, their origin and function are unknown to us.

PMID- 6580773
TI  - Tumors involving bone in the domestic cat: a review of fifty-eight cases.
AB  - This account of 58 spontaneous tumors involving bone in domestic cats compares
      and contrasts the pathological findings with previous surveys. Of the tumors
      described, only one was diagnosed as benign. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most
      common tumor of the series; osteosarcoma was the most common primary tumor. Only
      two tumors metastasized to the lungs (one hemangiosarcoma and one osteosarcoma),
      and only three metastasized to a regional node (two squamous cell carcinomas and
      one lymphosarcoma).

PMID- 6580774
TI  - Selection of specific categories of dairy cows for oestrus induction with
      dinoprost.

PMID- 6580775
TI  - Home monitoring of infants in West Virginia: a clinician's viewpoint.

PMID- 6580776
TI  - Career choices, accomplishments: women graduates of West Virginia University
      School of Medicine.

PMID- 6580777
TI  - Strengths and weaknesses of the U.S. role in international medicine.

PMID- 6580778
TI  - Management of recurrent basal cell epithelioma.

PMID- 6580779
TI  - Acute meningococcemia with DIC, septic shock complicated by hypersensitivity
      monoarthritis (case report in a 20-month-old patient with complete clinical
      recovery).

PMID- 6580780
TI  - Use of immunologic markers in obscure hematologic disease.
AB  - Tumor cells from two patients with very different clinical diseases were
      evaluated using immunologic techniques. The first patient had a persistent T-cell
      lymphocytosis and other symptoms suggestive of T-cell malignancy. She also had an
      adnexal mass. Following surgical excision, the mass was identified as a benign
      teratoma that contained thymic tissue. The T-cell lymphocytosis subsided
      following removal of the mass. The second patient had leukemia, the cells of
      which were morphologically identified as myelomonocytic. Surface marker studies,
      however, showed the presence of monoclonal surface immunoglobulins. Enzymatic
      digestion of the cells showed that the antibodies were cytophilic and not
      produced by the tumor population. These studies emphasize the value of
      immunologic techniques in characterizing tumor cells.

PMID- 6580781
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the cephalosporins].
AB  - Apart from their antimicrobial activity pattern the cephalosporins differ by
      their pharmacokinetics. Most cephalosporins have a plasma half life of 30 to 120
      minutes. Only ceftriaxon has a half life of about 8 hours, which implicates
      extended dose intervals. Cephalosporins are excreted renally. Cefoperazone and
      ceftriaxon, however, are excreted with the bile up to 30%. Cefalotin, cefacetril
      and cefotaxime are metabolized to a significant degree. Only the main-metabolite
      of cefotaxime shows mentionable antimicrobial activity. With regard to renal
      insufficiency (creatinine clearance greater than 5 ml/min) dose reduction is not
      necessary with cefoperazone and with ceftriaxon because of hepatic excretion and
      with cefotaxime because of metabolism.

PMID- 6580782
TI  - [Antibacterial chemotherapy in impaired renal function].
AB  - In the antibacterial chemotherapy in patients with chronic renal diseases several
      principles should be considered. Highly nephrotoxic or ototoxic antibiotics are
      not to be used in patients with chronic renal failure. The dosage ought to be
      reduced adequately to the degree of damage of renal function. The degree of
      reduction of renal function is to be evaluated by estimation of endogenous
      creatinine clearance or by estimation of serum creatinine level. The first dose
      of an antibacterial drug ought to be the same as in persons with good renal
      function. Additional doses should be reduced or the interval between the doses
      prolonged. It is necessary to monitor kidney function and possible side effects.

PMID- 6580783
TI  - [Introduction to the colloquium on 18 June 1982: New beta-lactam antibiotics and
      their clinical value].

PMID- 6580784
TI  - [Correlation of the pollen content of the air with the geography and vegetation
      in a mountain range and its allergologic importance].
AB  - For several years pollen traps have been installed at different sites in the Inn
      valley/Tyrol. Even within short distances significant differences in the pollen
      content of the air in respect to amount and time do occur. The pollen maxima
      differ even up to 6 weeks during subsequent years. The mean values of the maxima
      of the same species differ up to 12 days at the different sites. In mountain
      areas with small-scale vegetation patterns and climatic differences it is
      therefore necessary to set up a dense network of pollen traps especially in
      respect to the medical use of the results.

PMID- 6580785
TI  - [Rotation osteotomy in malignant tumors of the proximal femur].
AB  - Described in details is the first rotation-plasty in the surgical treatment of a
      proximal femur osteosarcoma. The indications for this procedure are discussed.

PMID- 6580786
TI  - [Osteogenic sarcoma].

PMID- 6580787
TI  - Commercialism; professionalism. Viva la difference.

PMID- 6580788
TI  - Alveolar ridge exostoses formation as a response to habitual occlusal stress: a
      case report.

PMID- 6580789
TI  - [Indomethacin kinetics and urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 following oral
      administration of various dosage forms of indomethacin].
AB  - In a controlled crossover study healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of
      75 mg indomethacin, 75 mg sustained-release indomethacin, or the new therapeutic
      system indomethacin Gits 7/85. Dependence on the time of administration was
      investigated by comparing the plasma level curves obtained following morning and
      evening administration of indomethacin and indomethacin Gits. Blood samples were
      taken at defined intervals following administration for determination of
      indomethacin plasma levels. To determine urinary excretion of prostaglandin
      (PG)E2, urine was collected during four consecutive 6 h-clearance periods after
      administration of the indomethacin preparations. The plasma level curve following
      administration of indomethacin Gits 7/85 did not exhibit clearly distinct initial
      peaks and, in contrast to the other drug preparations, remained nearly constant
      over 10-12 h. Indomethacin induced a significant suppression of urinary PGE2
      excretion over a period of 12 h, whereas both sustained release indomethacin and
      indomethacin Gits 7/85 decreased urinary PGE2 excretion for 18 h. Neither the
      plasma concentration curve of indomethacin nor the inhibitory effect on urinary
      PGE2 excretion was dependent on the time of administration. Initial central
      nervous side effects, such as dizziness, were reported by all volunteers after
      taking indomethacin and by half of the volunteers following sustained release
      indomethacin, whereas no adverse effects were observed after administration of
      indomethacin Gits 7/85. The present study demonstrates that indomethacin Gits
      7/85 produces no initial peaks of plasma levels but rather a sustained
      concentration plateau. The excellent tolerability of indomethacin Gits 7/85 is
      probably due to the lack of peak plasma concentrations.

PMID- 6580790
TI  - [Idiopathic myositis ossificans - pseudomalignant osseous tumor of soft tissue].

PMID- 6580791
TI  - Abstracts from the 41st congress of the Nordic Surgical Society. Uppsala, Sweden,
      June 15-17, 1983.

PMID- 6580792
TI  - Presidential address.

PMID- 6580793
TI  - Cytologic findings in homosexual males with acquired immunodeficiency.
AB  - During a three-year period (1979 to 1982), 248 cytology specimens were obtained
      from 38 homosexual males who were admitted for treatment and had a variety of
      nonspecific symptoms, such as general malaise and weight loss. Twenty patients
      had Kaposi's sarcoma. Exfoliative and aspiration/brush specimens were prepared
      mainly from cerebrospinal fluids and tracheobronchial secretions. One hundred
      twenty-four specimens were of diagnostic value, exhibiting cytologic
      abnormalities: acute inflammation (11 specimens), marked cellular atypia (39
      specimens), increased number of mature and immature lymphoreticular elements (31
      specimens) and organisms such as parasites and fungi (43 specimens). Awareness of
      an epidemic of acquired immuno-deficiency-associated disease among male
      homosexuals, in conjunction with special processing and careful interpretation of
      cytologic specimens, contributed to the identification of organisms and the
      ruling out of malignancy. Despite prompt treatment, a swiftly progressive
      clinical course resulted in the death of 20 patients.

PMID- 6580794
TI  - Comparison of light and transmission electron microscopy for the evaluation of
      body cavity effusions.
AB  - Evaluation of 282 body cavity effusions by both light and transmission electron
      microscopy showed that the two methods compare favorably. The major advantages of
      electron microscopy are higher rates of unequivocally positive diagnoses,
      improved diagnosis in borderline or suspicious cases and better discrimination
      between benign and malignant fluids or decreased numbers of inconclusive results.
      This was obtained without false-positive results. The major disadvantage of the
      method is the increased time and preparative procedures needed. As with light
      microscopy, the false-negative rate was high.

PMID- 6580795
TI  - Esophageal cytology in patients receiving cytotoxic drug therapy.
AB  - Our experience with the cytology of esophageal brush specimens from patients who
      did not have either gastric or esophageal cancer but who received a variety of
      chemotherapeutic agents is reported. Ten patients received chemotherapy alone,
      and nine received combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Of the ten
      patients, three showed evidence of moderate to severe epithelial atypia, which
      was not seen in the combined treatment group or the control group. The cytologic
      atypias in the three patients consisted of variation in nuclear size with
      crowding and overlapping, an increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and multiple
      nucleoli, many of which varied in size and shape. There was also evidence of cell
      death and keratinization. Although these patients had not been irradiated, other
      striking changes were similar to those seen following radiation therapy. The
      cytologic changes reported here pose a serious diagnostic problem because they
      may be so severe as to mimic malignant transformation. Evidence of infection by
      herpes simplex alone or herpes simplex associated with Candida was seen in 32% of
      the treated patients and in 4% of the control group.

PMID- 6580796
TI  - Asbestos bodies and particulate matter in sputum from former asbestos workers. An
      ultrastructural study.
AB  - From sputum samples collected from nine former asbestos workers, one portion not
      needed for cytopathologic screening was fixed, embedded and sectioned for
      transmission electron microscopy (TEM) while a second portion was digested and
      collected on a Nuclepore filter for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Energy
      dispersion analysis was used in assessing inorganic matter in both preparations.
      The ultrastructural relationships between the ferruginous bodies and related
      macrophages as well as the presence of other particulate matter in the
      preparations were studied. Our results are the first to confirm the presence of
      uncoated asbestos fibers, diatomaceous earth and aluminosilicates in sputum. Our
      data indicate that it would be reasonable to use this analytical technique as an
      initial test before using invasive procedures in the diagnosis of many
      pneumoconioses and other lung diseases.

PMID- 6580797
TI  - Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology of paragangliomas. Cytologic, light
      microscopic and ultrastructural studies of three cases.
AB  - Paragangliomas are uncommon tumors arising in paraganglion tissue, which is
      especially well represented in the head and neck. In our hospital three head and
      neck masses recently proved to be paragangliomas on aspiratory biopsy cytology,
      with subsequent histologic confirmation. One was an apparently benign carotid
      body tumor, while the others were metastatic nasopharyngeal paragangliomas. The
      latter two tumors were clearly malignant, with roentgenographically proven
      pulmonary metastases in one and widespread lymph node involvement in the other.
      Histologically all were vascular tumors composed of large cells with abundant
      cytoplasm and pleomorphic, sometimes bizarre nuclei. These characteristic chief
      cells were clearly evident on cytology, with pleomorphic nuclei, prominent
      nucleoli, clumped chromatin and generally eosinophilic, finely granular or
      reticular cytoplasm. However, the distinction between benign and malignant tumors
      depended on the presence of mitoses or a tumor diathesis. Cytology seems to be
      able to provide a diagnosis of paraganglioma and, in these cases at least, an
      estimation of the biologic behavior.

PMID- 6580798
TI  - Aspiration cytology of metastatic chordoma. A case report.
AB  - A patient with previously diagnosed sacrococcygeal chordoma presented with
      multiple skin nodules. Cytologic examination of an aspirate from one of these
      nodules showed syncytial clusters of hyperchromatic cells surrounded by
      extracellular mucin. The characteristic physaliphorous cells, although present in
      a biopsy of the primary sacrococcygeal tumor, were not observed in the aspirate
      or on histopathologic examination of three excised skin metastases. That chordoma
      metastases may lack physaliphorous cells should be recognized.

PMID- 6580799
TI  - Cytologic diagnosis of seminoma metastatic to the central nervous system. A case
      report.
AB  - Seminoma cells detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient who had a
      seminoma of the testis with widespread metastases are described.

PMID- 6580800
TI  - Pseudomalignant cytologic presentation of spermatic hydrocele fluid.
AB  - An unusual cytologic presentation of spermatic hydrocele fluid is reported. The
      aspirate contained highly atypical cells, exhibiting marked anisocytosis and
      nuclear abnormalities strongly suggestive of cancer. On histologic examination
      the lesion displayed pseudosarcomatous fasciitis in the cyst wall and foci of
      atypical reactive mesothelial hyperplasia in the lining. This case illustrates a
      potential pitfall in the cytology of spermatic hydrocele fluid.

PMID- 6580801
TI  - Cytopathologic diagnosis of extracolonic amebiasis.
AB  - Extracolonic amebiasis must be distinguished from bacterial abscesses and
      neoplastic disease. Newer technology in diagnostic and interventional radiology
      permits such lesions to be aspirated more accurately for both diagnostic and
      therapeutic purposes, often averting an open surgical procedure. Paracecal and
      hepatic masses of one patient, who presented with fever and abdominal pain, were
      shown to be amebic abscesses by cytopathologic examination of material obtained
      by ultrasonically guided percutaneous fine needle aspiration. Another patient,
      who was thought to have metastatic carcinoma, died, with clinically unrecognized
      extensive pulmonary and hepatic amebiasis proven at autopsy. A review of this
      patient's sputum cytology smears showed numerous trophozoites of Entamoeba
      histolytica that were not recognized earlier. Cytopathologic studies of sputum
      and fine needle aspirates is an important means of detecting extracolonic
      amebiasis and distinguishing these lesions from neoplastic disease.

PMID- 6580802
TI  - Cytologic and biologic studies of endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary.
AB  - The cytologic findings in an ovarian endometrioid carcinoma were investigated,
      and biologic characterization was performed. Cytologic findings from the ascitic
      fluid revealed characteristics of adenocarcinoma, such as fine cytoplasm,
      anisochromasia and prominent nucleoli; findings characteristic of endometrioid
      carcinoma of the ovary were not found, though a cluster of carcinoma cells on
      imprinted smears was similar to that of endometrial carcinoma cells. A
      morphologic comparison between the cells from the ascitic fluid and cells
      cultured from the ovarian endometrioid carcinoma showed their similarity.
      Biologic characterization showed a modal chromosome number of 103, a 74.4-hour
      population doubling time of the cell line and 0 plating efficiency.
      Heterotransplantation was achieved in one of the four hamsters (25%).

PMID- 6580803
TI  - Cytomorphology of a mediastinal parathyroid cyst. Report of a case mimicking
      malignancy.
AB  - The clinical and cytologic features of a mediastinal parathyroid cyst are
      presented. Cytologic examination of the cyst fluid revealed the presence of small
      clusters of epithelial cells, with periodic-acid-Schiff-positive cytoplasmic
      granules. Special attention is required when atypical proliferating fibroblasts,
      which may be mistaken for malignant cells, are present.

PMID- 6580804
TI  - Role of the air bubble in increasing cell recovery using cytospin I and II.
AB  - The Shandon Cytospin II cytocentrifuge invariably produces greater cell recovery
      than does the Cytospin I due to the persistence of an automatically formed air
      bubble created between the cell suspension and the slide by the new design of the
      head of the centrifuge. Similar results were achieved with the Cytospin I when
      care was taken to produce such an air bubble while introducing the sample into
      the chamber. The instructions for creating such an air bubble in the sample
      chambers of the Cytospin I are given. The protective role of an albumen solution
      for cells on slides to be air dried for Giemsa staining, which is particularly
      valuable for many cytocentrifuged preparations, is also discussed.

PMID- 6580805
TI  - Mamma aberrata axillaris diagnosed by aspiration cytology.

PMID- 6580806
TI  - Atypical mesothelial cells in peritoneal dialysis fluid.

PMID- 6580807
TI  - A multicenter study on timolol in secondary prevention after myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - Patients who survive the acute phase of myocardial infarction have a high
      mortality in the following years. The mortality is largely due to sudden cardiac
      death or recurrent myocardial infarction. The main purpose of the present study
      was to clarify whether long-term treatment with the beta-adrenergic blocking
      agent timolol would improve prognosis in such patients. In order to recruit the
      sufficient number of patients to resolve this question a multicenter study was
      performed. This study, named "The Norwegian Multicenter Study On Timolol After
      Myocardial Infarction" was designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo
      controlled trial. Twenty hospitals in Norway collaborated within an
      organizational structure aiming to achieve a maximum of standardization of study
      procedures. From a representative population of patients less than 75 years of
      age surviving the acute episode of infarction 52% were recruited for the study.
      The recruitment rate was high at all hospitals. The 1884 patients included were
      stratified into 3 risk groups before randomization. Risk Group I (18%) were
      patients with a recurrent infarction. Risk Group II (58%) were patients with a
      first infarction considered to be at high risk of sudden cardiac death. The rest,
      Risk Group III (22%) were patients at low risk. The placebo and timolol groups
      were similar with respect to most of the important baseline characteristics.
      Minor differences in a few characteristics did not affect the overall results as
      was shown by various statistical procedures including the Cox's proportional
      hazards regression model. The patients were followed 12 - 33 months after
      discharge from hospital with regular clinical examinations performed by the study
      investigators at the hospitals. Compliance was very good and no patient was lost
      to follow-up although 23.3% in the placebo group and 29.1% in the timolol group
      were withdrawn from the study regimen. The study demonstrated that long-term
      treatment with timolol improved prognosis in survivors of acute myocardial
      infarction. The most important finding was a highly statistically significant
      difference in life table mortality of 39.3% between the placebo group (21.9%) and
      the timolol group (13.3%) (p=0.0003). This difference was first of all due to a
      lower rate of sudden cardiac death in the timolol group (7.7%) compared to the
      placebo group (13.9%) (p=0.0001) when including events in the so-called "per
      protocol period".(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6580808
TI  - [A case of reparative giant cell granuloma of the mandible with rhizolysis].

PMID- 6580809
TI  - [Tumors of the parotid gland].

PMID- 6580810
TI  - [Bilateral essential bone cyst of the mandible. Report of an unusual case].

PMID- 6580811
TI  - An additional contribution to the syndromes with dental agenesis.

PMID- 6580812
TI  - [Major cryptogenic polymorphic erythema of childhood].

PMID- 6580813
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma treated with limb salvage.

PMID- 6580814
TI  - A variant 8;21 translocation in acute myeloblastic leukemia.
AB  - A three-way rearrangement involving chromosomes 1, 8, and 21 was observed in bone
      marrow cells from a female with acute myeloblastic leukemia, subtype M2 (AML-M2).
      The translocation break points in chromosomes 8 and 21 were identical to those
      found in the standard t(8;21) that is associated with this disease type. A review
      of this and four previously reported cases involving variant 8;21 translocations
      indicates that a consistent pattern of exchange may be involved in these complex
      rearrangements even though the third chromosome affected may differ.

PMID- 6580816
TI  - Linkage analysis in dominant optic atrophy.
AB  - A kindred of German descent was studied for dominant optic atrophy, type Kjer
      (McKusick catalog no. 16540). One hundred twenty-three family members were
      examined clinically, and 36 affected, 81 normal, and six uncertain members were
      ascertained. Twenty-seven markers were analyzed for 121 members. The maximum lod
      score obtained was 2.0 at theta = .18 for linkage between the Kidd locus and
      dominant optic atrophy. Twenty-eight offspring were informative with 2-generation
      data. There was insufficient information for the acid phosphatase locus to aid
      gene localization. These data suggest that the locus for dominant optic atrophy
      is on chromosome 2.

PMID- 6580818
TI  - No algeny for Jeremy.

PMID- 6580817
TI  - The effects of reduced fertility, method of ascertainment, and a second unlinked
      locus on affected sib-pair marker allele sharing.
AB  - The method of affected sib-pair marker allele sharing has been used not only for
      the detection of linkage, but also for discerning inheritance. The application of
      this method has included the tacit assumption of no selective disadvantage for
      affected individuals. For some of the disorders analyzed by this method, this
      assumption is not tenable. Also, the method of ascertainment of affected sib
      pairs is not taken into account. It is shown here that the ascertainment
      procedure and reduced reproductivity of affected individuals can alter the
      expected distribution of affected sib-pair marker allele sharing. The effect is
      greatest for a recessive disease susceptibility locus. While the effect of
      reduced reproductivity is to inflate the gene frequency necessary to account for
      the observed distribution, a second unlinked disease susceptibility locus can
      diminish this effect. Application to type 1 diabetes shows that according to a
      simple recessive model with 50% penetrance, the observed distribution of affected
      sib-pair HLA haplotype sharing requires a gene frequency in the range of 0.55
      0.60, much greater than estimates previously proposed. According to such a model,
      the frequency of disease would be around 15%, clearly out of range of the
      observed frequency of 0.4%.

PMID- 6580815
TI  - The search for heterogeneity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM):
      linkage studies, two-locus models, and genetic heterogeneity.
AB  - One hundred families with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were
      analyzed for linkage with 27 genetic markers, including HLA, properdin factor B
      (BF), and glyoxalase 1(GLO) on chromosome 6, and Kidd blood group (Jk) on
      chromosome 2. The linkage analyses were performed under several different genetic
      models. An approximate correction for two-locus linkage analysis was developed
      and applied to four markers. Two different heterogeneity tests were implemented
      and applied to all the markers. One, the Predivided-Sample Test, utilizes various
      criteria thought to be relevant to genetic heterogeneity in IDDM. The other, the
      Admixture Test, looks for heterogeneity without specifying a prior how the sample
      should be divided. Results continued to support linkage of IDDM with three
      chromosome 6 markers: HLA, BF, and GLO. The total lod score for Kidd blood group,
      under the recessive model with 20% penetrance, is 1.63--down 1.2 from the 2.83
      reported by us earlier. The only other marker whose lod score exceeded 1.0 under
      any model was pancreatic amylase (AMY2). The two-locus correction, which involved
      lowering the penetrance values used in the analysis, affected estimates of theta
      (recombination fraction) but did not markedly change the lod scores themselves.
      There was little evidence for heterogeneity within any of the lod scores, under
      either the Predivided-Sample Test or the Admixture Test.

PMID- 6580819
TI  - Corneal thickness changes associated with daily and extended contact lens wear.
AB  - Human corneal thickness was measured during daily wear of hydrogel contact lenses
      and then during the initial 2 weeks extended wear of hyper-thin (0.035 mm), low
      water content (38.6%), hydrogel lenses (polymacon). Results show that subjects
      wearing standard thickness (0.12 mm) and ultra-thin (0.07 mm) hydrogel lenses of
      low water content for daily wear will exhibit a diurnal swelling of the cornea.
      Subjects wearing hyper-thin (0.035 mm) low minus power hydrogel contact lenses of
      low water content for extended wear will exhibit overnight (closed eye) swelling
      of the cornea followed by a deswelling throughout the day (open eye). The degree
      of swelling and deswelling can vary greatly among individual subjects.

PMID- 6580820
TI  - Superimpositional assessment of treatment-associated changes in the
      temporomandibular joint and the mandibular symphysis.
AB  - This article analyzes differences in the measured displacement of the condyle and
      of progonion when different vectors of force are delivered to the maxilla in the
      course of non-full-banded, Phase 1, mixed-dentition treatment for the correction
      of Class II malocclusion. The 238-case sample is identical to that for which
      changes in other parameters of facial form have been reported previously.
      Relative to superimposition on anterior cranial base and measured in a Frankfort
      plane-determined coordinate system, we have attempted to identify and quantitate
      (1) the displacement of each structure which results from local remodeling and
      (2) the displacement of each structure which occurs as a secondary consequence of
      changes in other regions of the skull. We have also attempted to isolate
      treatment effects from those attributable to spontaneous growth and development.
      At the condyle, we note that in all three treatment groups and in the control
      group there is a small but real downward and backward displacement of the glenoid
      fossa. This change is not treatment induced but, rather, is associated with
      spontaneous growth and development. (See Fig. 5.) Some interesting differences in
      pattern of "growth at the condyle" were noted between samples. In the intraoral
      (modified activator) sample, there were small but statistically significant
      increases in growth rate as compared to the untreated group of Class II controls.
      To our surprise, similar statistically significant increases over the growth rate
      of the control group were noted in the cervical sample. (See Table III, variables
      17 and 18.) Small but statistically significant differences between treatments
      were also noted in the patterns of change at pogonion. As compared to the
      untreated control group, the rate of total displacement in the modified activator
      group was significantly greater in the forward direction, while the rate of total
      displacement in the cervical group was significantly greater in the downward
      direction. There were no statistically significant differences in the rate of
      total displacement of pogonion between the high-pull sample and the control
      sample. (See Table IV, variables 21 and 22.

PMID- 6580821
TI  - Orthopedic coordination of dentofacial development in skeletal Class II
      malocclusion in conjunction with edgewise therapy. Part II.
AB  - This second of two articles describes the effects of mandibular growth
      enhancement in a comprehensive orthopedic approach to the correction of skeletal
      Class II malocclusion. Clinical and experimental evidence gives support to the
      concept, and case histories show the clinical mode of use of the appliance
      system. An initial 10- to 12-month orthopedic phase is followed by a second phase
      of similar duration in which full edgewise therapy is used to establish a
      gnathologically ideal occlusion. As the essential corrections are achieved in the
      orthopedic phase, the second phase is much reduced in complexity and is generally
      confined to alignment and final detailing. This combined approach to skeletal
      Class II treatment offers the possibility of better harmony of dental and facial
      features, with continued stability through the period of facial growth.

PMID- 6580822
TI  - The surgical-orthodontic correction of mandibular deficiency. Part II.
AB  - As discussed in Part I of this study, persons with mandibular deficiency and
      Class II malocclusions exhibit a wide spectrum of esthetic, cephalometric, and
      occlusal characteristics. In many such patients optimal overall results are best
      obtained via a combined orthodontic-surgical approach. In such patients a
      critical evaluation is essential to decide (1) the optimal operation and (2) the
      appropriate orthodontic-surgical sequencing. Our method of making these two basic
      decisions was presented in Part I. In this article the indications for mandibular
      advancement with or without genioplasty, total subapical mandibular advancement,
      superior repositioning of the maxilla, and inferior repositioning of the maxilla
      are discussed in detail. These alternatives are illustrated with representative
      cases, and the results are discussed. The intention of these two presentations is
      to illustrate an orthodontic-surgical approach to the correction of mandibular
      deficiency and Class II malocclusion that is predicated on a systematic
      evaluation of the individual patient rather than a standard approach.

PMID- 6580823
TI  - Projecting the soft-tissue outcome of surgical and orthodontic manipulation of
      the maxillofacial skeleton.
AB  - A simple method is presented for developing one-to-one composite soft-tissue and
      radiographic patient images. Their use in diagnosis, treatment planning, and
      prediction of the outcome of surgical and orthodontic manipulations of the facial
      hard tissues to effect soft tissue change is discussed. Complementing
      cephalometric analysis and model surgery, this technique uses a 35 mm, slide,
      acetate tracing paper, a pencil, and a series of integumentary changes which
      follow rearrangements of the underlying skeleton, including the dentition,
      maxillae, zygomas, and nose. The pretreatment images is traced from a projected
      35 mm, slide, which is sized to the cephalometric tracing to obtain a "life
      sized" representation of the face. The image is then redrawn, adjusting the
      dysmorphic parts to the unchanged part of the face to effect balance of the
      profile and restore normal contours. This recreated image is used then as an
      objective to which the treatment planning is directed and through which it is
      commonly seen that the restoration of functional and esthetic balance is a
      mutually supportive goal. The projected image is of value to the clinician in
      formulating his treatment goal, but it is more valuable in the visible expression
      that it gives to his mental image of the ideal outcome. Moreover, it can be
      readily shared with the patient, who often better appreciates the changes in
      contours, which he sees daily, than the commonly employed profiles of
      cephalometric prediction, which are basically foreign to him. The technique is
      discussed, as are the ratios of hard-to-soft-tissue change, with case reports for
      demonstration.

PMID- 6580824
TI  - Measurability of radiographic images. Erratum.

PMID- 6580826
TI  - HLA antigen frequency in the Koya tribe of Andhra Pradesh, India.
AB  - The frequencies of HLA-A, -B, and -C antigens were studied in a tribal population
      of Koya from Andhra Pradesh in southern India. No other well-defined tribal
      population has been studied with which the present results may be compared.
      However, the HLA profile of Koya showed distinct differences from the general HLA
      distribution in India in the frequency of a large number of antigens both at the
      A and B loci. This study indicates the distinctiveness of this tribal population
      and suggests the potential importance of the study of HLA frequencies in tribal
      groups of India.

PMID- 6580825
TI  - TMJ dysfunction.

PMID- 6580827
TI  - Lecithin in the treatment of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.
AB  - Five patients with Tourette's syndrome were administered a mean dose of 512 mg/kg
      per day of oral lecithin. None of the patients exhibited sustained clinical
      improvement in symptom severity. No significant changes in serum prolactin or
      growth hormone were observed during lecithin administration.

PMID- 6580828
TI  - Psychomotor impairment due to N2O exposure.

PMID- 6580829
TI  - Preventing mercury poisoning in dental practice.

PMID- 6580831
TI  - Airway interference syndrome. Clinical identification and evaluation of nose
      breathing capabilities.

PMID- 6580830
TI  - Conscious-sedation in a patient on combined tranylcypromine and lithium therapy-
      a case report.

PMID- 6580832
TI  - The effect of gingival fiberotomy on orthodontic cuspid retraction in cats.
AB  - Distal tipping forces were applied to the maxillary cuspid teeth of five domestic
      cats. Surgical elimination of the gingival attachment of one tooth in each cat
      resulted in greater distal crown movement and a shift of the center of rotation
      toward the root apex.

PMID- 6580833
TI  - Mixed dentition treatment with cervical traction and lower lingual arch.
AB  - The quantitative changes which occurred as the result of this specific regimen of
      treatment in a sample of Class II malocclusions in the early mixed dentition were
      compared with like changes in a closely matched sample of untreated Class II
      malocclusions. Selected parameters were also compared with a comparable group of
      Class II malocclusions treated with only a Kloehn cervical appliance. Treatment
      as described does tend to slightly increase the vertical eruption of the upper
      molar. No maxillary orthopedic effects were noted in the horizontal plane. There
      was significant inhibition of the forward displacement of the upper molar.
      Cervical traction without anterior bands resulted in actual distal movement of
      the upper molar, not just an inhibition of its forward growth. The treatment
      significantly inhibited the forward growth of the upper incisors and point A.
      Cervical traction alone had less effect on overjet and the S-N-A angle. A lingual
      arch is effective in maintaining lower leeway space while still allowing
      horizontal and vertical growth changes in the positions of molars and incisors.
      Rotation of the mandible was downward and backward. Overall face height was
      increased.

PMID- 6580834
TI  - Hospital privileges for psychologists. A legislative model.

PMID- 6580835
TI  - [Current perspectives in the treatment of hereditary diseases].
AB  - A general review of the multiple up to date therapeutic trends in this field is
      intended based on new available technology and on a better knowledge of genetic
      disease physiopathology. Three possible systems to control patients with
      inheritable disease deduced of our own experience and on literature are analyzed.
      Cure by correction, replacement or genetic manipulation; Therapy by enzymatic
      manipulation, biochemical correction or surgical treatment Prevention by genetic
      counseling and discovery of pharmacogenetic patterns and higs risk populations.
      The wide perspectives opened to the next future compelled to an exhaustive
      diagnosis of patients, considering possibilities of reasonable therapy.

PMID- 6580836
TI  - Human leukocyte interferon to control thrombocytosis in chronic myelogenous
      leukemia.
AB  - Nine patients with refractory chronic myelogenous leukemia and severe symptomatic
      thrombocytosis (greater than or equal to 1 X 10(6) platelets/mm3) were given
      partially purified human leukocyte interferon-alpha. A significant decline in
      platelet counts, from a mean (+/- SE) of 1.71 +/- 0.53 X 10(6)/mm3 to a mean of
      0.52 +/- 0.24 X 10(6)/mm3 (p less than 0.01), resulted in all patients.
      Maintenance of low platelet counts was achieved in two patients for more than 143
      and 300 days, respectively. Treatment with human leukocyte interferon-alpha was
      stopped in the remaining patients because of increases in the leukocyte count,
      toxicity, or both. Our preliminary observations suggest that human leukocyte
      interferon-alpha may significantly alleviate progressive thrombocytosis in
      advanced chronic myelogenous leukemia. Further studies of human leukocyte
      interferon-alpha and chemotherapeutic agents are indicated.

PMID- 6580837
TI  - Effects of 13-cis retinoic acid on dibutyl-nitrosamine-induced cell kinetic
      changes in mouse urinary bladder epithelium.
AB  - The effect of 13-cis-retinoic acid on cell proliferation in normal urothelium and
      during early stages in N-nitrosodibutylamine (DBN) induced malignant
      transformation was studied in male hairless mice. The retinoic acid was
      administered orally, and the parameters studied were (a) variations in total cell
      number, (b) labelling index (LI), (c) mitotic rate (MR), (d) the proportions of
      DNA-synthesizing cells in the diploid and tetraploid fractions, and (e)
      morphological changes. 13-cis-retinoic acid caused no effect on these parameters
      in normal urothelium, nor did it prevent the changes caused by DBN in the
      urothelium prior to malignant development.

PMID- 6580838
TI  - Electrophysiological studies in Tourette's syndrome.
AB  - The value of standard electrophysiological studies using electroencephalography
      and evoked responses was evaluated in patients with Tourette's syndrome. Sixteen
      channel electroencephalograms were obtained in 40 patients (36 males, 4 females)
      awake and asleep, and evoked responses were obtained in a subgroup of 17
      patients. Evoked response variables evaluated included latencies and amplitudes
      of visual evoked responses, brainstem auditory evoked responses, and
      somatosensory evoked responses to median and peroneal nerve stimulation. Only 5
      of the 40 patients (12.5%) demonstrated electroencephalographic abnormalities,
      which included central spikes, generalized and paroxysmal slow activity, and
      slowing of the normal basic frequency. Evoked response studies demonstrated no
      consistent differences between the patients with Tourette's syndrome and age- and
      sex-matched controls. The data demonstrate no notable diagnostic or therapeutic
      value for routine electroencephalographic or evoked response studies in
      Tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6580839
TI  - Long latency between the onset of motor and vocal tics in Tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6580840
TI  - [A randomized controlled study on vindesine and vincristine in combination with
      prednisolone in the treatment of adult acute lymphocytic leukemia and blastic
      crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia].
AB  - Sixty patients with adult acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 40 patients with
      blastic crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML . BC) were randomly allocated by
      envelope method to receive either vindesine (VDS; 2 mg/m2 i.v., twice or once
      weekly) or vincristine (VCR; 1.2 mg/m2 i.v., once weekly) in combination with
      prednisolone (Pred; 40 mg/m2 p.o., daily). Out of 100 patients entered, 53
      patients with ALL and 34 patients with CML . BC were evaluable. Remissions for
      ALL were seen in 20 of 25 patients (80.0%; 12 CRs and 8 PRs) treated with VDS
      regimen, and in 17 of 28 patients (60.7%; 7 CRs and 10 PRs) treated with VCR
      regimen, respectively. For CML . BC, however, remission rates for VDS regimen
      (42.1%; 5 CRs and 3 PRs in 19 patients) and for VCR regimen (40.0%; 2 CRs and 4
      PRs in 15 patients) were equivalent. Overall remission rates of VDS regimen for
      both diseases, twice weekly regimen (65.5%; 11 CRs and 8 PRs in 29 patients) and
      once weekly regimen (60.0%; 6 CRs and 3 PRs in 15 patients) were similar.
      Patients treated with either regimen experienced high incidence of neurotoxicity.
      Neurotoxic disturbance appeared severer in patients treated with VCR regimen.
      Incidence of leukopenia and alopecia was high in patients treated with VDS
      regimen. These data suggest that VDS in combination with Pred is comparable
      rather superior-to VCR in combination with Pred for adult ALL and CML . BC. Less
      neurotoxic and sufficiently effective dosage of VDS is considered to be 2 mg/m2,
      once weekly.

PMID- 6580841
TI  - [Phase II study of vindesine in hematological malignancies].
AB  - A Phase II study of vindesine was carried out by the Vindesine Study Group in 130
      patients with hematological malignancies: mainly 3 mg/body (about 2 mg/m2) of
      vindesine was administered once weekly by bolus injection. In 122 evaluable
      patients who had been heavily pretreated with vincristine and/or others,
      remissions were observed in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, blastic
      crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia, malignant lymphoma and other leukemias. The
      overall response rate was 39.3% including 20 complete and 28 partial remissions.
      No remissions were obtained in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and multiple
      myeloma. All patients were evaluable for toxicity: Leukopenia occurred in 64.9%;
      peripheral neuropathy in 24.6%; GPT and GOT elevation in 20.7% and in 10.8%;
      alopecia in 11.5%; gastrointestinal disturbance in 10.8%; and fever in 5.4%. The
      treatment with vindesine was generally well tolerated, although in five out of
      130 patients (3.8%) the treatment was discontinued due to convulsion, feeling of
      abdominal distention plus constipation, paralytic ileus, dysuria plus
      constipation, or interstitial pneumonia. Leukopenia and peripheral neuropathy
      appeared to be dose-limiting factors.

PMID- 6580842
TI  - [Phase II study of THP-adriamycin in acute leukemia].

PMID- 6580843
TI  - Treatment of cutaneous sarcoidosis with isotretinoin.
AB  - A patient with chronic cutaneous and pulmonary sarcoidosis, unresponsive to oral
      corticosteroid therapy, was treated with isotretinoin. The patient's cutaneous
      manifestations of sarcoidosis showed consistent improvement during the course of
      retinoid therapy. The lesions that responded earliest either resolved or showed
      the greatest reduction in size. The patient's WBC count increased and her
      angiotensin-converting enzyme level decreased during the first two months of
      isotretinoin therapy; both returned to pretreatment levels during the third month
      of therapy. Pulmonary function tests were unchanged after four months of
      treatment. Isotretinoin may be a useful therapeutic agent for cutaneous
      sarcoidosis. However, the possibility of spontaneous remission of the disease
      during the course of therapy cannot be excluded.

PMID- 6580844
TI  - Opportunistic pulmonary aspergillosis with chest wall invasion. Plain film and
      computed tomographic findings.
AB  - A 37-year-old man with leukemia had the unusual complication of pulmonary
      aspergillosis eroding through adjacent bone. We were able to demonstrate this on
      computed tomography (CT) and even on the plain chest film. Bone invasion by an
      adjacent pulmonary lesion is most often attributed to other organisms or causes.
      This case demonstrates that aspergillosis must be added to the differential
      diagnosis of this finding. Recognizing this can be important for the prompt,
      appropriate treatment of opportunistic infections in the immunocompromised host.

PMID- 6580845
TI  - [Trials on separating sperm genotypes using carrier-free deflection
      electrophoresis].

PMID- 6580846
TI  - Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the Golgi apparatus and related organelles of
      the secretory ameloblasts of the rat incisor.
AB  - Glutaraldehyde-fixed rat incisors were either post-fixed in ferrocyanide-reduced
      osmium impregnated with the Ur-Pb-Cu technique or incubated in the medium for
      acid-phosphatase (AcPase) reaction. The Golgi apparatus of the secretory
      ameloblast was composed of 4-7 cisternae, small vesicles and condensing vacuoles.
      It formed an elongated, continuous membrane system over from one- to two-thirds
      of the supranuclear cytoplasm. Condensing vacuoles seemed to be produced from the
      dilated margins of both Golgi cisternae and GERL. AcPase activity was
      demonstrated in the inner 2 or 3 Golgi cisternae, in GERL and in some condensing
      vacuoles and secretory granules within the Tomes process. It thus seemed that
      primary lysosomes originate from both the Golgi apparatus and GERL. Whereas many
      lysosomal bodies appeared in the supranuclear cytoplasm, autophagic vacuoles were
      rare. A well-developed Golgi apparatus and GERL were, therefore, considered to be
      involved in the digestion of exogeneous materials as well as in the formation of
      the precursor of enamel matrix. The simple Golgi apparatus consisting of only
      compactly stacked cisternae and small vesicles, were sometimes observed in the
      supranuclear cytoplasm and having no clear relationship with rough-surfaced
      endoplasmic reticula or GERL, may serve as a source of the plasma membranes
      necessary for continuous renewal of the cisternae of the well-developed Golgi
      apparatus.

PMID- 6580847
TI  - The flow-rate-dependent excretion of ionized calcium in pilocarpine-stimulated
      human submandibular saliva.
AB  - In 10 healthy male subjects the total calcium concentration in submandibular
      saliva varied between 2.05 +/- 0.12 mmol/l and 2.48 +/- 0.1 mmol/min, and did not
      show a dependency on the flow rate. The salivary-ionized calcium increased
      significantly at flow rates between 0.1 and 1.3 ml/min (from 0.74 +/- 0.05 to
      1.41 +/- 0.04 mmol/l) and even reached plasma levels.

PMID- 6580848
TI  - Quantitative assessment of urea, glucose and ammonia changes in human dental
      plaque and saliva following rinsing with urea and glucose.
AB  - The rates of three processes associated with the rise and fall in plaque pH, that
      normally occur following a urea rinse, were determined: (i) disappearance of urea
      from plaque, (ii) disappearance of urea from saliva and (iii) formation and
      disappearance from plaque of the ammonia produced by the plaque bacteria from the
      urea. Also examined were two processes associated with the fall and rise in pH
      following a glucose rinse: the disappearance of glucose from plaque and from
      saliva. Entry into plaque of either urea or glucose during rinsing was immediate;
      the subsequent disappearance of both from the plaque was slow and followed first
      order kinetics. The ammonia formation and urea-disappearance results suggested
      that clearance of urea from the plaque occurred mainly by bacterial degradation
      and not by diffusion out of the plaque. The rate constants for ammonia formation
      and for its subsequent disappearance from the plaque made it clear why a rapid
      rise and a slow subsequent fall in the pH occurs after urea rinsing. The rate
      constants enabled calculation of the ammonia produced as a percentage of the urea
      utilized. Only 16-26 per cent of the urea was recovered as ammonia and the
      remainder of the urea-N was stored probably as NH2 moieties of certain amino
      acids. Such storage may enable the plaque bacteria to maintain the pH at an
      elevated level for an extended period of time by bacterial production of ammonia
      from these stored compounds after the urea ceases to be available as a source of
      substrate.

PMID- 6580849
TI  - Heterofermentative glucose metabolism by glucose transport-impaired mutants of
      oral streptococcal bacteria during growth in batch culture.
AB  - Spontaneous mutants defective in a membrane component of the phosphoenolpyruvate
      glucose phosphotransferase system were isolated by plating cells of Streptococcus
      sanguis 10556, Streptococcus mutans GS5-2 and NCTC 10449 on agar containing
      lactose and 2-deoxyglucose. Toluenized cells of these mutants were defective in
      their ability to catalyse the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of 2
      deoxyglucose. The parental strains were mainly homofermentative when grown in
      batch culture in the presence of various sugars. Nevertheless, the mutants
      produced acetate, formate and ethanol when cultured in the presence of glucose
      but were homofermentative when grown in the presence of lactose or maltose.
      Analysis of one mutant isolated from Strep. sanguis (mutant GS26) revealed normal
      levels of glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, puruvate kinase and
      lactate dehydrogenase. This last enzyme was dependent on fructose 1,6-diphosphate
      for catalytic activity. The determination of the intracellular level of fructose
      1,6-diphosphate (FDP) during growth of the cells in batch culture showed that the
      mutant strains contained 2 to 15 times less FDP than the parental strains. Growth
      experiments performed at pH 6.0 and 7.0 with Strep. sanguis and its PTS-negative
      mutant GS26 suggested that the regulation of pyruvate metabolism in this
      bacterium include the intracellular level of FDP and the initial hydrogen
      concentration of the growth medium. The results also suggested that, in these
      bacteria, an active PTS is required to maintain the intracellular concentration
      of FDP high enough to keep the cell homofermentative during growth in batch
      culture.

PMID- 6580850
TI  - An electromyographic study of mastication in the freely-moving rat.
AB  - The EMG patterns of temporalis, masseter and digastric muscles of twenty Wistar
      white rats were studied as they ate large and small standard food pellets, bread
      and pudding. Bipolar EMG electrodes were placed in the muscles and led
      subcutaneously to a connector pedestal on the rat's head. Integrated records of
      the EMG patterns were used for analysis. The open-close chewing cycle was
      initiated by digastric activity to open the mouth; temporalis began the closing
      phase, followed soon thereafter by activity in masseter. A second burst of
      activity from digastric occurred during this closing phase analogous to the human
      lateral pterygoid muscle in stabilizing the structures of the mandibular joint.

PMID- 6580851
TI  - Programming of antagonist muscle stiffness during masticatory muscle unloading in
      man.
AB  - The activity of the masseter and digastric muscles was monitored carrying out a
      controlled, isometric biting task. In 7 out of 10 subjects, the level of activity
      in the digastric muscle, during the phase of isometric biting, was greater when
      the subjects expected the resistance between their teeth to yield suddenly than
      when they were confident that the resistance would not yield. It is therefore
      concluded that the co-activation of the digastric muscle which occurs during
      forceful isometric bites can be modified in accordance with the subject's
      expectation of the outcome of the bite.

PMID- 6580852
TI  - The chromatographic and electrophoretic micro-heterogeneity of alkaline
      phosphatase of rat dental pulp.
AB  - Alkaline phosphatase of rat dental pulp was separated into two forms by anion
      exchange chromatography, gel-filtration and electrophoresis. The minor activity
      (AP I) was eluted at 0.1 M of NaCl from a DEAE-cellulose column, and the major
      activity (AP II) in the broad range of approx. 0.15-0.5 M. These two enzyme
      activities gave rise to distinct peaks on a TSK-GEL Toyopearl (Fractogel TSK) HW
      55-S column and showed different electrophoretic behaviours on both sodium
      dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and non-SDS polyacrylamide gels. The molecular weights of
      AP I and AP II were estimated by gel-filtration to be 130,000-150,000 and above
      500,000, respectively. On SDS gel electrophoresis, the molecular weight of AP II
      was changed to 130,000, while AP I had a molecular weight of 150,000. Judging
      from the sensitivities to heat and some inhibitors, AP I and AP II are
      biochemically indistinguishable from each other.

PMID- 6580853
TI  - Modification of human dental pain thresholds by conditioning vibrotactile
      stimulation at high frequency.
AB  - The effects of vibrotactile stimulation on dental pain thresholds were studied in
      6 healthy human volunteers. Mechanoreceptive afferents were activated with
      conditioning sinusoidal vibration at 240 and 100 Hz. Significant dental pain
      threshold elevations were observed only when the conditioning stimulus was
      applied at high intensity ipsilaterally to the tested tooth. The present study
      suggests that the dental pain threshold elevation during high-frequency vibratory
      stimulation is based on the total number of impulses generated in
      mechanoreceptive afferents.

PMID- 6580854
TI  - Labelled-calcium release from rat mandibles exposed to prostaglandins in vitro.
AB  - Bone resorptive effects of prostaglandins (PGs) in cultured mandibular bone
      tissue of rat fetus prelabelled with 45Ca were examined in comparison with those
      in radius-ulna. PGE1 (3 X 10(-6)-10(-4) M) and PGE2 (3 X 10(-8)-10(-4) M) could
      significantly stimulate the release of 45Ca from mandible with a peak effect at 3
      X 10(-6) M. The effects of PGEs were more marked in mandible than in radius-ulna.
      Salmon calcitonin (SCT) inhibited the stimulating effect of PGE2. PGF 2 alpha did
      not cause the significant increase of 45Ca-release. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) at
      concentrations of 0.01-1.0 IU/ml dose-dependently stimulated 45Ca-release and the
      effects were greater in mandible than in radius-ulna. Dibutyryl cyclic (DBc)-AMP
      stimulated the release of 45Ca in mandible with a sharp peak effect at 5 X 10(-4)
      M. The results indicate that mandible is more susceptible to these bone
      resorptive agents than radius-ulna.

PMID- 6580855
TI  - Growth of the mandibular condylar cartilage of the rat in serum-free organ
      culture.
AB  - To evaluate the intrinsic capacity for growth, the mandibular condylar cartilage
      of 4-day-old rats was cultured in a serum-free, chemically-defined medium for 28
      days and compared with the condylar cartilage cultured in a serum-supplemented
      medium and with the normal growth in vivo. Under the serum-free culture
      conditions, cell proliferation, differentiation into functional chondroblasts and
      matrix formation continued, but chondroclasia and osteogenesis were absent. This
      resulted, after 28 days of culture, in an enlarged condylar cartilage with
      altered proportions, a severe reduction of the prechondroblastic and the
      transitional zone and a considerable increase of the hypertrophic zone. It
      appears that the serum-free culture system is unfavourable for endochondral
      osteogenesis and lacks factors modulating the rate of proliferation,
      differentiation and maturation of the prechondroblasts. In the functional
      environment of the condyle, humoral or mechanical factors seem to exert this
      essential modulating influence on the condylar-cartilage growth.

PMID- 6580856
TI  - Correlations between fibroblast androgen receptor levels and clinical features in
      abnormal male sexual differentiation and infertility.
AB  - Androgen receptor binding of radiolabelled methyltrienolone (3H-R1881) was
      determined in cultured genital skin fibroblasts from 17 normal male controls and
      from 65 males with genital abnormalities. Analysis of the results was performed
      with patients grouped according to the predominant clinical features. Of 16
      patients with complete male pseudohermaphroditism, 12 had androgen receptor (AR)
      deficiency, one had "receptor-positive" Testicular Feminization, and in three,
      alternative diagnoses were established (17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency; 20,22
      desmolase deficiency; mixed gonadal dysgenesis). In contrast, only four of 16
      patients investigated for ambiguous genitalia (phallus intermediate between male
      and female, perineal urethra) showed AR deficiency. Borderline or slightly low AR
      levels were found in each of four boys in whom the sole abnormality was
      micropenis. In 26 boys with penile hypospadias, however, only one had low AR.
      Very low levels of AR (levels comparable to those seen in complete Testicular
      Feminization) were found in two of three men with infertility associated with
      abnormally high serum testosterone levels.

PMID- 6580857
TI  - Tuberculous peritonitis in chronic renal failure managed by continuous ambulatory
      peritoneal dialysis.
AB  - Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is being increasingly used to
      treat chronic renal failure in New Zealand. Peritonitis due in particular to gram
      positive organisms remains the major complication. Three of 92 CAPD patients
      trained in the Wellington Renal Unit had tuberculous peritonitis, a previously
      rarely reported complication. Gram positive or Gram negative bacterial infections
      preceded or followed isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Differential
      peritoneal fluid leucocyte counts were not predictive of tuberculous infection
      and total leucocyte counts remained elevated in tuberculous patients treated for
      other concurrent bacterial peritonitides. Systemic toxicity was not encountered
      in these patients, symptoms being confined almost entirely to the peritoneum.
      CAPD was continued during treatment with anti-tuberculous therapy, in all three
      patients. However, peritoneal pain on dialysis fluid in-flow necessitated
      temporary hemodialysis management in two. Anti-tuberculous chemoprophylaxis may
      be prudent in the at-risk Polynesian patient with chronic renal failure who is
      being considered for CAPD management.

PMID- 6580858
TI  - Intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy in minimal change nephrotic
      syndrome.
AB  - The effectiveness of intravenous methylprednisolone pulses in 20 mg/kg/day for
      three consecutive days was compared with a more conventional oral prednisone
      regime in inducing remission in adult patients presenting with first episodes of
      minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Methylprednisolone was significantly less
      effective and failed to induce remission in six of nine patients within two weeks
      of treatment, while the oral prednisone regime was uniformly effective in all
      eight patients within five weeks. Of the six non-responders to methylprednisolone
      five subsequently remitted with oral prednisone, and one with cyclophosphamide.
      Except for one patient in the oral prednisone group who had acute gastritis with
      bleeding, no serious side-effect was seen with either treatment regimes.

PMID- 6580859
TI  - Clinical features of mitochondrial myopathy.
AB  - Five patients with mitochondrial myopathy are discussed. Two presented with
      progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO), one with CPEO and retinitis
      pigmentosa, and two with Kearns-Sayre syndrome. Ragged red fibres and intra
      mitochondrial paracrystalline inclusions were found in each case. The clinical
      heterogeneity of the mitochondrial myopathy syndrome in the presence of identical
      pathological changes in skeletal muscle is emphasised.

PMID- 6580860
TI  - Serotypes in pneumococcal disease. A ten year study in Australia 1970 through
      1979.
AB  - During the ten year period 1970 through 1979, pneumococci from 1205 episodes of
      pneumococcal disease affecting children and adults in Australia were studied.
      These included 188 cases of bacteremic pneumonia (85% in adults), 103 cases of
      primary bacteremia (50% adults), 201 cases of meningitis (69% children), 13 cases
      of osteomyelitis and/or arthritis, and 13 cases of peritonitis. Otitis media (403
      cases), conjunctivitis and sinusitis were predominant amongst 672 localised
      infections. Of 36 serotypes of pneumococci met with, the leading types were 19,
      14, 6, 3 and 9: type 14 predominated in children with primary bacteremia,
      bacteremic pneumonia or meningitis, type 9 in adults with bacteremic pneumonia,
      and types 3 and 7 in adults with meningitis. In otitis media types 19 and 3
      predominated, in conjunctivitis types 19 and 6, and in sinusitis types 6 and 19.
      For bacteremic and meningeal infections the current (United States) vaccine
      provides 83% cover, deletion of the rare (in Australia) types 2, 12 and 25 and
      the substitution of types 11, 15 and 33 would increase cover by 5% to 88%.

PMID- 6580861
TI  - Fine needle aspiration cytology in the management of lymphoma.
AB  - The use of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in the management of patients
      with lymphadenopathy was investigated. The cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were
      classified using the Kiel classification, which is based strictly on cytological
      criteria. Of the 59 cases of biopsy confirmed lymphoma, FNA of nodes showed
      lymphoma in 53 (90%), no definite diagnosis in five (8%), and false negative
      diagnosis in one (2%). During the follow-up of patients FNA was positive in seven
      of the eight cases with a suspected recurrence which was later confirmed by lymph
      node biopsy. Results suggest that FNA is useful on the initial presentation of a
      patient with lymphadenopathy. If the diagnosis is unequivocal it helps in
      planning staging procedures and in selecting involved nodes for biopsy. In some
      cases with intra-abdominal disease it may obviate laparotomy. However, because
      false negative diagnoses do occur and because cytological classification of
      lymphoma is not always accurate FNA should not replace lymph node biopsy at
      initial presentation, but it can be used as the only investigation to confirm
      suspected recurrence.

PMID- 6580862
TI  - Acute nonspecific carditis with advanced heart block in Malaysians.
AB  - Acute nonspecific carditis with advanced heart block is rare. We observed nine
      cases with complete heart block and one with Mobitz type II block over an eight
      and a half year period. Temporary cardiac pacing was instituted in all while
      permanent pacing was required in six patients. No death was recorded.

PMID- 6580863
TI  - Type I hyperlipoproteinemia presenting as sudden death in infancy.
AB  - A routine post-mortem investigating sudden death in an eight week old male infant
      revealed gross Type I hyperlipoproteinemia (triglyceride concentration 825
      mmol/L). Death was attributed to generalized cerebral anoxia. Study of the family
      revealed the parents were first cousins both of whom had depressed postheparin
      lipolytic activity, as did five out of seven of the remainder of the family
      members tested. This family is a notable example of deficiency of extrahepatic
      lipoprotein lipase.

PMID- 6580864
TI  - Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis in a South-East Asian refugee child in South
      Australia.
AB  - This report documents a case of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis in a South-East
      Asian refugee boy who presented with malaise, abdominal distension, and was found
      to have massive splenomegaly and esophageal varices. The diagnosis was confirmed
      by liver biopsy and he was treated with a highly efficacious schistosomicide,
      Praziquantel. The case highlights the possible occurrence in Australia of non
      endemic tropical diseases in immigrants.

PMID- 6580865
TI  - Seasonal variation in serum urate levels.

PMID- 6580866
TI  - Small airways disease.
AB  - Over the last 10 years the non-specific term "small airways disease" has been
      applied to a number of histologic lesions seen in the peripheral airways of
      smokers. It is becoming recognized that airway inflammation is the most important
      of these lesions. This pathology may be the precursor to the subsequent
      development of emphysema and is an important cause of the functional abnormality
      in smokers. A current hypothesis is that small airways disease may be detected
      early in the smoking careers of subjects who later develop chronic respiratory
      disability. In these individuals particularly, complete cessation of smoking
      should be the primary therapeutic goal. With the recent development of special
      tests to assess small airways function, the presence of small airways disease can
      be detected in asymptomatic smokers who may have normal routine lung function
      tests. However, most of the tests to assess airway function are also influenced
      by other physiological factors such as loss of elastic recoil. We await the
      results of long term epidemiological studies to confirm the above hypothesis that
      early small airways disease leads to chronic disability. Without such
      confirmatory evidence, the routine use of these special tests cannot at present
      be advocated.

PMID- 6580867
TI  - The Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand. Annual meeting, 1983.
      Abstracts.

PMID- 6580868
TI  - Gastroenterological Society of Australia. 25th anniversary annual scientific
      meeting, May 1983. Abstracts.

PMID- 6580869
TI  - Diagnostic cues in gastroenterology.
AB  - Twenty seven gastroenterologists (15 physicians and 12 surgeons) were studied to
      capture their policy in the usage and weighting of cues in making a diagnosis.
      This was a relatively small sample and on account of possible sampling bias only
      tentative generalisations will be made. Five case vignettes, each consisting of
      four to eight cues, were used. Subjects were asked to give their percentage
      likelihood estimates of various diagnostic possibilities after each cue. This
      gave an indication of their perception of the significance of various cues in
      relationship to each diagnosis. There were marked variations in cue weighting by
      these experts, and in particular, most individuals were far off the mean
      regarding the weighting of certain clinical features, thus displaying
      idiosyncratic behaviour in these instances. As may be expected, there were
      differences in disease prevalence estimates between physicians and surgeons.
      Early information had an overwhelming effect on the final diagnosis. In most
      cases the expert relied on a few critical cues rather than on a pattern to make a
      diagnosis. In view of the strong influences of early diagnostic formulations,
      these findings confirm the need for doctors to learn to use and collect accurate
      factual information on prevalence rates and on the most significant critical cues
      for various disease processes. The study highlights some of the problems faced by
      novices in learning from experts who may teach them contradictory information
      about what are the most significant factors in coming to a diagnosis.

PMID- 6580870
TI  - Cerebrovascular disease in western Australia: an analysis of stroke type and
      associated risk factors.
AB  - The stroke types and major risk factors in 356 patients with cerebrovascular
      disease were examined. Large artery thrombosis accounted for 53% of strokes,
      cerebral embolism for 22%, lacunes for 14% and intracerebral hemorrhage for 11%.
      Hypertension, detected in two-thirds of patients, was the major risk factor. The
      sex distribution varied with age, the major change being an increase in the
      number of females affected in older age groups. The extent of systemic vascular
      disease was greatest in patients with thrombo-embolic infarction.

PMID- 6580871
TI  - Ventricular standstill despite normal electrophysiology study: a further possible
      indication for pacing.
AB  - Permanent pacing has usually been indicated for the treatment of organic disease
      of the sinus node or specific cardiac conducting tissue. We report three patients
      in whom profound syncope was apparently related to intense, transient autonomic
      dysfunction. Although ventricular standstill was documented in all three,
      detailed electrophysiology study, responses to graded Valsalva manoeuvres and
      carotid sinus massage, and repeated observations after cardiac autonomic blockade
      by IV atropine (0.03 mg/Kg) and propranolol (0.15 mg/Kg) were essentially normal.
      Permanent ventricular (VVI) pacing has controlled symptoms in all three, over
      follow-up period of 20 to 26 months. These observations suggest that transient
      autonomic imbalance may be a cause of undiagnosed cardiac syncope. This is
      neither excluded by normal electrophysiology study nor by normal responses to
      usual provocative autonomic interventions.

PMID- 6580872
TI  - Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy: response to chemotherapy without
      documented tumour response.
AB  - A case is reported of severe hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy associated
      with bronchogenic carcinoma which successfully responded to chemotherapy, despite
      the fact there was no objective response in the primary lesion. Previous
      treatment and responses are briefly reviewed. The method or methods by which
      chemotherapy may alleviate HPOA in the absence of response to the primary lesion
      are discussed. The marked discrepancy between progression of the HPOA and
      progression of the clubbing is noted. The fact that HPOA is potentially treatable
      despite the prognosis of the primary is emphasised.

PMID- 6580873
TI  - Post-obstructive diuresis.
AB  - A patient with post-obstructive diuresis is described. Inappropriate losses of
      salt and water occurred, with urine volume exceeding half the glomerular
      filtration rate. Additionally, excessive urinary excretion of potassium,
      bicarbonate, calcium, phosphate, magnesium and urate took place in the presence
      of subnormal blood levels. Transient proteinuria was also observed. This case
      demonstrates that serious electrolyte disturbances can occur after relief of
      urinary tract obstruction and the evidence suggests these may be due to
      disordered proximal tubule function.

PMID- 6580874
TI  - Scurvy and thrombocytopathy in a chronic hemodialysis patient.

PMID- 6580875
TI  - Aeromonas hydrophila gastroenteritis.

PMID- 6580876
TI  - Minoxidil in severe hypertension.

PMID- 6580877
TI  - Pneumomediastinum, not pneumopericardium.

PMID- 6580878
TI  - Trends in teenage pregnancy in Australia, 1971-1981.
AB  - Between 1971 and 1981 the age-specific birth rate among Australian teenagers
      declined by 49%, faster than in any other age group. This is a reflection of
      several trends--a decline in the total number of pregnancies indicating better
      use of contraception, a marked decline in marital births as both the planned
      births and the ex-nuptially conceived births fell, and a rise in the rates of
      abortion among teenagers. Since nuptial births declined faster than ex-nuptial
      births the proportion of ex-nuptial births among teenagers rose from 32% to 57%.
      However, unmarried teenagers have consistently shown lower rates of ex-nuptial
      births than other age groups. The options available to young women faced with
      unplanned pregnancy appear to be changing in emphasis--abortion or single
      parenthood rather than adoption or forced marriage. The decline may have halted
      since 1980 and several social factors which may be contributing to the various
      trends are discussed.

PMID- 6580880
TI  - Prolapse and presentation of the umbilical cord.
AB  - The outcome of pregnancies with prolapse and presentation of the umbilical cord
      at Tsan Yuk Hospital, Hong Kong, 1976 to 1982, was reviewed. The incidence was
      0.17%, 70 of 41,939 deliveries; 98% of cases were diagnosed in hospital. Breech
      presentation, low birth-weight and artificial rupture of membranes were found to
      be significant associations; 78% of cases were discovered by vaginal examination
      and the diagnosis-delivery interval was less than 30 minutes in 75%. There were 8
      perinatal deaths and 3 of these occurred in babies whose birth-weights were less
      than 1,000 g; 2 stillbirths were associated with presentation of the cord. The
      corrected perinatal mortality was 8.6% with a corresponding Caesarean section
      rate of 73.3%. 80% of the babies born by Caesarean section had 5 minutes Apgar
      scores of 7 or more. It was concluded that early diagnosis of umbilical cord
      prolapse followed by prompt treatment are effective in reducing the perinatal
      mortality rate. Energetic intrapartum monitoring is also essential in order that
      patients with occult prolapse or presentation of the umbilical cord be diagnosed
      early and treated promptly.

PMID- 6580879
TI  - Errors in the measurement of blood pressure.
AB  - The effect of posture on blood pressure measurement in pregnant and non-pregnant
      subjects was studied. In non-pregnant patients undergoing cardiac
      catheterization, central blood pressure remained unaltered with a change from the
      supine to the lateral position. However in all subjects studied, an apparent
      decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure occurred when measured in
      the upper arm in the lateral position. This fall is artifactual and does not
      represent a change in blood pressure. It is concluded that blood pressure
      measurements in the lateral position are inaccurate.

PMID- 6580881
TI  - Can obstetricians prevent neonatal intraventricular haemorrhage?
AB  - The possible influence of obstetric and early neonatal factors on the development
      of neonatal intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) in very low birth-weight infants
      have been studied. Caesarean section was associated with a significantly lower
      incidence of IVH, this reduction being largely confined to infants of 25-28
      weeks' gestation. Forceps delivery did not seem to influence the rate of
      occurrence of IVH if one allowed for differences in gestational age between
      infants delivered spontaneously and those with forceps. Similarly the use of an
      episiotomy at the time of delivery did not seem to reduce the incidence of IVH,
      and a similar lack of correlation was found with the other factors examined.

PMID- 6580882
TI  - Prospective follow-up of growth retarded infants and of those from pregnancies
      complicated by low oestriol excretion--7 years.
AB  - Growth and neurological outcome to 7 years of age were determined in 273 growth
      retarded infants, 341 infants from pregnancies complicated by subnormal urinary
      oestriol excretion and 72 control infants. By 1 year of age 80.6% of growth
      retarded infants were above the 10th percentile for weight. Growth continued so
      that after 2 years of age only 10.6% were beneath the 10th percentile. A
      neurological abnormality was detected in 9.5% of growth retarded infants and 8.3%
      of control infants (P = NS). Only 6 (2.2%) of the growth retarded infants were
      severely handicapped. A neurological abnormality was detected in 16.4% of infants
      from pregnancies with low oestriol excretion and although this incidence was
      higher than that of the control infants (8.3%), the difference failed to achieve
      statistical significance. The neurological abnormality was severe in only 7
      infants (2.1%). The intelligence quotient (IQ) was the same in infants from
      pregnancies complicated by chronically low oestriol excretion whether hypertonic
      dextrose (mean IQ 103) had been administered to the mother or not (mean IQ 105).
      It is concluded that the pregnancy complicated by low oestriol excretion and/or
      fetal growth retardation should be treated with optimism.

PMID- 6580883
TI  - A prospective study of beta HCG radioimmunoassay in the diagnosis of ectopic and
      other complicated early pregnancies.
AB  - The beta-subunit of chorionic gonadotrophin (beta HCG) was measured by
      radioimmunoassay in the serum of 190 consecutive patients admitted to hospital
      with the suspicion of ectopic pregnancy. The detection limit was set at 1 ng/ml.
      A urine sample was also taken for pregnancy testing on admission. A positive
      serum beta HCG result was obtained in 36 patients (19%); pregnancy was confirmed
      in 32 (ectopic pregnancy 14, abortion 8, continuing normal pregnancy 7, retained
      products 3), giving a predictive value of 89%. There was poor correlation between
      serum and urine results. The serum levels were low in patients who subsequently
      aborted, intermediate in those with ectopic pregnancy and within the normal range
      in patients in whom the pregnancy continued normally. The high predictive value
      of the test should identify the patients for further investigation, thus avoiding
      unnecessary operative procedures and prolonged hospital stay.

PMID- 6580884
TI  - Touching and birthing.
AB  - Although humans are mammals, experts have often acted as though we were not,
      especially in the realm of our need for touch. Psychologists, surgeons and
      maternity hospitals are among those who have sought to discourage this basic
      mammalian form of contact and comfort. Yet there is ample evidence that touch is
      needed in a number of ways at the time of birth, for the months that precede it
      and for the years that follow. Even those who criticize touch-advocates for
      overstating the scientific evidence for their case, share their conclusion about
      the importance of touch at the time of birth.

PMID- 6580885
TI  - Hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoea in Hong Kong.
AB  - In a retrospective study of 595 patients attending the Menstrual Disorder Clinic
      from January, 1978 to December, 1981, 92 patients (15.5%) had raised serum
      prolactin (PRL) levels (greater than 25 ng/ml) on 2 or more separate occasions
      with a mean (+/- S.E.M.) value of 67.1 +/- 2.5 ng/ml. Galactorrhoea was found in
      27.2% of the hyperprolactinaemic patients. Primary amenorrhoea was observed in 1
      patient (1.1%) with serum PRL level of 68 ng/ml. Secondary amenorrhoea of longer
      than 6 months' duration occurred in 61 patients (66.3%) with mean PRL level 84.2
      +/- 3.3 ng/ml. The 30 patients (32.6%) with irregular menstruation had a mean PRL
      level of 47.2 +/- 3.3 ng/ml. Investigations revealed that 43 patients (46.7%) had
      idiopathic hyperprolactinaemia, 14 patients (15.4%) had drug induced
      hyperprolactinaemia and 1 patient (1.1%) had hypothyroidism; 18 patients (19.5%)
      had suspected pituitary microadenoma and 16 patients (17.2%) had abnormal
      radiographic findings. Bromocriptine treatment was given to 38 patients, 13 with
      abnormal tomographic findings (mean serum PRL greater than 100ng/ml); 18 with
      suspected pituitary microadenoma (mean serum PRL 94 +/- 2.7 ng/ml) and 7 with
      idiopathic hyperprolactinaemia (mean serum PRL 65 +/- 4.7 ng/ml). All patients
      (38/38) responded to treatment with restoration of menstruation and cessation of
      galactorrhoea within 1 to 3 months. Mean PRL level was 21.6 +/- 5.2 ng/ml at the
      time of response. Thirteen patients subsequently became pregnant and all
      delivered healthy babies.

PMID- 6580886
TI  - Maternal exposure to environmental chemicals and the aetiology of teratogenesis.
AB  - Data on exposure of 10,879 pregnant women to various household and agricultural
      chemicals were obtained by interview; 6,267 of these women were seen both
      antenatally and postnatally, enabling a genuine prospective study of the
      association between chemical exposure and congenital abnormalities in the infant.
      The remaining 4,612 women were privately booked and were first seen postnatally.
      Statistical analysis of the 2 groups revealed a strong association of
      malformations with chemical exposure in both groups, even after other known risk
      factors were taken into account.

PMID- 6580887
TI  - Infantile pyknocytosis: a cause of intrauterine haemolysis in 2 siblings.
AB  - Infantile pyknocytosis, a rare cause of intrauterine haemolysis and potential
      perinatal death, is described and the relevant literature reviewed. Treatment
      consists of preterm delivery with exchange transfusion as necessary to control
      the haemolytic process and hyperbilirubinaemia.

PMID- 6580889
TI  - The differential diagnosis of the psychotic patient.

PMID- 6580888
TI  - A solitary diverticulum of the fallopian tube.
AB  - A rare case is described in which a diverticulum of the middle portion of the
      right Fallopian tube was demonstrated by hysterosalpingography. The patient aged
      26 years, had a history of a ruptured left mid-tubal pregnancy 8 years previously
      and was suffering from infertility. The radiographic appearance of the lesion is
      characteristic, the aetiology is obscure and treatment should be conservative.

PMID- 6580890
TI  - Post-hysterectomy adaptation: a review and report of two follow-up studies.
AB  - Hysterectomy, its indications and its consequences for later health, have been
      prominent topics in recent psychiatric, gynaecological and lay literature. This
      study describes the results of two recent surveys, one of 216 women less than 45
      years old who had a hysterectomy for non-malignant conditions at a major Sydney
      hospital. These women were interviewed on the seventh to tenth postoperative day.
      One hundred and ninety-four were then followed up by questionnaire 13 months
      later. In a later study carried out at a hospital on the outskirts of Sydney, 100
      out of 146 women responded to a follow-up questionnaire approximately one year
      after their operations. These studies and their relevance to recent similar
      studies are discussed in terms of post-hysterectomy adaptation and prognostic
      factors associated with poor psychiatric outcome.

PMID- 6580891
TI  - Which version of the General Health Questionnaire should be used in community
      studies?
AB  - Literature pertinent to the use of the various versions of the General Health
      Questionnaire (GHQ) is briefly surveyed. The literature indicates that the 60
      item version has the highest reliability and validity coefficients, the lowest
      misclassification rate, and the highest sensitivity and specificity. Using data
      from a previously published community survey in Perth using the 60-item GHQ,
      comparisons are made between use of the 60-, 30-, 20- and 12-item versions,
      including community prevalence rates, simultaneous identification of cases,
      disagreement rates and patterns of community rates with age. The 60-item version
      gives the lowest prevalence rates. It is argued that the 60-item GHQ is probably
      the best as it gives the lowest misclassification rates, the smallest standard
      error of estimated prevalence rates and allows measurement of certain subscales
      not contained within the shorter versions.

PMID- 6580892
TI  - Individual psychotherapy and schizophrenia.
AB  - Conceptual issues in approaching the role of psychotherapy in the treatment of
      schizophrenic patients are discussed in the context of trainee supervision. Eight
      important variables which require consideration in conducting and evaluating the
      psychotherapy of these patients are elucidated. It is suggested that
      psychotherapy variables are conceptually distinct from those which belong to the
      frame of reference of the disease model or syndrome diagnosis, and thus demand
      separate attention.

PMID- 6580893
TI  - A comparison of Australian suicide rates in 1969-73 and 1976-80.
AB  - Australian suicide rates were compared for the 1969-73 and 1976-80 periods by
      age, sex and State. Rates for males were generally at least twice those for
      females. The sex difference was marked, irrespective of age, State and time
      period. Middle-aged and older Australians generally had higher rates than 20-29
      year-olds, although this finding was not consistent by State for males. The
      national age-standardised suicide rate for all age groups combined decreased
      between the 1969-73 period and 1976-80 both for males and (more so) for females.
      However, there was a 24% increase for 20-29-year-old males. While the suicide
      rate for 20-29-year-old females decreased between the 1969-73 period and 1976-80,
      an analysis of yearly trends within the 1976-80 period revealed an upward trend
      for individuals aged 20-29 years, for both females and males.

PMID- 6580894
TI  - Alcohol problems among women working in the home: prevalence and predictors.
AB  - A sample of 655 women was contacted whilst attending general practitioners'
      surgeries and questioned on numerous health and social matters. Follow-up
      interviews were held a year later in the women's homes and information on
      drinking behaviour and problems with drinking obtained. Almost 15% of the sample
      could be classified as problem drinkers on the basis of their responses to a
      'problems with drinking' scale. Seven major variables were identified as being
      associated with problem drinking amongst these women. These included familial
      history of heavy drinking, depression, stress level, major life changes, reported
      alcohol consumption, usual type of leisure activities and abuse of substances
      such as coffee and tobacco which can result in dependency. Likelihood of problem
      drinking increased substantially with the number of adverse factors reported. It
      was concluded that knowledge of these factors would help the general practitioner
      in the identification of women with alcohol problems.

PMID- 6580895
TI  - Sex differences in psychiatric morbidity: an analysis of Victorian data.
AB  - This study examined relevant Victorian data in the light of overseas findings on
      sex differences in psychopathology and utilisation of psychiatric treatment
      resources. Data sources included community health surveys and treatment
      statistics from the State psychiatric services, general hospitals and general
      practitioners. It was revealed that more Victorian women than men reported and
      were treated for psychiatric problems, and that women were most often diagnosed
      as depressed and otherwise neurotic, whereas men more often had alcohol and
      personality disorders. Married women had higher rates of mental illness than
      married men, whereas single and divorced men had higher rates of psychiatric
      morbidity than their female counterparts. Occupational status was related to
      men's, but not women's mental health. Various explanations for the findings are
      discussed, with some stress on the possible contribution of the sex role
      socialisation and cultural expectations of men and women.

PMID- 6580896
TI  - Bromo-DMA: the Australasian hallucinogen?
AB  - If the frequency of seizures by police of hallucinogens reflects the frequency
      with which various hallucinogens are ingested in Australasia, most toxic states
      resulting from hallucinogen abuse are due to Bromo-DMA and not to LSD as is
      commonly reported by the subjects. Two cases of intoxication with the new
      hallucinogen, Bromo-DMA, are reported. Both recovered within 24 hours following
      treatment with haloperidol.

PMID- 6580897
TI  - Cultural perceptions of the mentally ill: Australian and Papua New Guinean high
      school youth.
AB  - One hundred and thirty-three (76 male, 57 female) Papua New Guinean (PNG) and 144
      (93 male, 51 female) Australian high school students completed a series of
      structured and open-ended measures on attitudes to the mentally ill, especially
      opinions about the nature of mental illness, characteristics of the mentally ill,
      and treatment. Both groups of students suggested hereditary and environmental
      causes, with PNG students citing more often witchcraft and sorcery. Australian
      students generally presented more favourable attitudes to mental illness, in that
      they were more willing to work with or marry the mentally ill. PNG students,
      however, were more likely to highlight the disruptive, violent behaviour of the
      long long, and possibly held a much narrower view of the types of persons
      labelled mentally ill.

PMID- 6580898
TI  - Musical hallucinations in the elderly: a variation on the theme.

PMID- 6580899
TI  - Liver impairment associated with nomifensine.

PMID- 6580901
TI  - Societal approval of suicide.

PMID- 6580900
TI  - Depression, electroconvulsive therapy and diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 6580902
TI  - Psychotropic drugs.

PMID- 6580903
TI  - Stimulatory effect of prostaglandin E2 on 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
      synthesis in rats.
AB  - The effect of prostaglandin E2 on accumulation in plasma of 1 alpha,25
      dihydroxy[3H]vitamin D3 from 25-hydroxy[3H]vitamin D3 was studied in vivo using
      vitamin D-deficient thyroparathyroidectomized rats. Intra-arterial infusion of 10
      50 micrograms of prostaglandin E2/h caused a significant stimulation of 1
      alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]vitamin D3 production. No significant changes in plasma
      Ca2+ and Pi concentrations or urinary cyclic AMP excretion were observed after
      prostaglandin E2 infusion. Theophylline did not enhance the effect of a
      submaximal dose of prostaglandin E2 on 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]vitamin D3
      production. These data indicate that prostaglandin E2 stimulates plasma
      accumulation of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]vitamin D3 independent of the adenylate
      cyclase/cyclic AMP system, and suggest that prostaglandin E2 has a modulatory
      role in the regulation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1 alpha-hydroxylase in the kidney.

PMID- 6580904
TI  - A mesophase (liquid crystal) state of DNA complexes with anthracycline
      antibiotics.
AB  - In the presence of polyethyleneglycol water-salt solutions, DNA is condensed to a
      kind of mesophase (liquid crystals). The peculiar properties of this phase caused
      by anisotropic orientations have been analyzed by circular dichroism (CD) of
      condensed particles of DNA complexed with dyes, i.e. anthracycline antibiotics
      (daunomycin, aclacinomycin A), actinomycin, and ethidium bromide. The
      anthracycline complexes show intense CD bands in the visible and the UV region.
      Daunomycin induces a typical reversal of the sign of these CD bands with
      increasing occupation of the double helix contrary to the other ligands. This
      characteristic effect and its partial reversal after removal of daunomycin from
      the condensed particles can be the result of the change of the direction of the
      mesophase helical twist owing to an energy change of interaction between DNA
      molecules, and partially to a modification of base-plane inclination (tilt), too.
      This new type of DNA complex state is characterized in detail.

PMID- 6580905
TI  - Serum, platelet-derived growth factor, vasopressin and phorbol esters increase
      intracellular pH in Swiss 3T3 cells.
AB  - Addition of the growth-promoting agents phorbol esters, vasopressin, platelet
      derived growth factor or fresh serum to quiescent cultures of Swiss 3T3 cells
      causes a significant increase in the uptake of 5,5-dimethyl oxazolidine-2-4-dione
      (DMO), a sensitive measure of intracellular pH. The results further indicate that
      cytoplasmic alkalinization is an early event associated with the action of a
      variety of mitogenic compounds.

PMID- 6580906
TI  - Role of the fast-exchanging calcium compartment in the early cardiotoxicity of
      anthracycline analogs.
AB  - Two new anthracycline analogs, 4'-epi-doxorubicin and 4'-deoxydoxorubicin, were
      tested for their cardiotoxicity and their activity on calcium turnover in guinea
      pig heart. The df/dt was used as an index of contractile force; calcium turnover
      was studied by means of a radioisotopic technique. 4'-Epi-doxorubicin was found
      less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin, whereas 4'-deoxydoxorubicin was found almost
      completely devoid of cardiotoxicity. The different cardiotoxic activity was found
      to be linearly correlated with the relative capacity to inhibit the fast
      exchanging calcium compartment in cardiac muscle: doxorubicin greater than 4'-epi
      doxorubicin greater than 4'-deoxydoxorubicin. This result supports that the
      inhibition of calcium exchange is involved in development of the early
      cardiotoxicity of anthracyclines.

PMID- 6580907
TI  - Metabolism of intratubular prostaglandin E2 in the rat kidney.

PMID- 6580908
TI  - Change in the work of breathing imposed by five anaesthetic breathing systems.
AB  - Measurements of pressure and flow in five anaesthetic breathing systems were
      studied with various fresh gas flows (FGF) using volunteers, and mechanically
      simulated breathing. Pressure measurements were made at the patient connection
      and in the neck of the reservoir bag. A pneumotachograph was used to measure flow
      in the patient connection. The change in the work of breathing imposed by the
      circuit was derived from the pressure-volume graph and apportioned to stages of
      the breathing cycle. All the systems studied increased the work of breathing.
      Expiratory work was always increased more than inspiratory work. The additional
      work imposed on expiration and the total extra work imposed on breathing were
      further increased at FGF greater than the minimum clinical requirement.

PMID- 6580909
TI  - A more reliable photometric technique for the measurement of scalp sebum
      excretion.
AB  - The objective assessment of antiseborrhoeic therapy for the scalp requires a
      reliable technique for the measurement of sebaceous gland activity. Previously
      published methods were tried but found to be unreliable. This paper describes a
      photometric technique which gave repeatable results and demonstrated a reduction
      of sebaceous gland activity on the scalp with both oral isotretinoin and topical
      II alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. The accuracy of the method was achieved by careful
      preparation of the scalp but was affected by recent shampooing.

PMID- 6580910
TI  - Primary dysmenorrhoea: the importance of both prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha.
AB  - Menstrual fluid was collected in a contraceptive diaphragm from 16 women with
      primary dysmenorrhoea and 12 matched control subjects without dysmenorrhoea.
      Prostaglandins F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), E2 (PGE2) and 6-oxo-prostaglandin F1 alpha
      (6-oxo-PGF1 alpha) were extracted and measured using gas-chromatography: mass
      spectrometry (GC:MS). The concentrations of both PGF2 alpha and PGE2 were higher
      on days 1 and 2 in the dysmenorrhoea group than in the control group and the
      concentration of PGF2 alpha was higher on day 1 than on day 2 in the
      dysmenorrhoea group. The concentrations of 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha (the stable
      metabolite of PGI2) were low in both groups. These results confirm suggestions
      that PGF2 alpha is important in the aetiology of dysmenorrhoea and also indicate
      that PGE2 may be involved.

PMID- 6580911
TI  - Stereophotographic measurement of change in facial soft tissue morphology
      following surgery.
AB  - Changes in soft tissue morphology induced by surgery are generally analysed using
      midline profiles only, derived from photographs and cephalometric radiographs.
      Full face photographs supplement these records. Soft tissues and their changes
      can be measured in three dimensions using stereophotography. This report
      described how the three dimensional changes produced by facial surgery were
      measured for a patient undergoing surgery to the mandible.

PMID- 6580912
TI  - Photoradiography of facial structures.

PMID- 6580913
TI  - Plastic baton round injuries.

PMID- 6580914
TI  - Simultaneous computed tomography and sialography of the parotid and submandibular
      glands.
AB  - A technique of simultaneous computed tomography and sialography of the parotid
      and submandibular glands is described and the examination of 14 patients
      reported. Tumours were diagnosed in six cases and in the remaining eight cases
      inflammatory lesions were found. Sialographic enhancement offered definite
      advantages in localisation of lesions and examination of the tumour-normal tissue
      interface compared with either C.T. or sialography alone.

PMID- 6580915
TI  - Post-operative dental pain and analgesic efficacy. Part I.
AB  - Two groups, each of 100 adult patients who had undergone either a periodontal or
      oral surgical procedure were asked to record their pain experience over a three
      day investigation period. The results show that post-operative dental pain is
      variable in its nature and intensity, but reaches its maximum intensity in the
      first 12 hours post-operatively. Women appear to be more sensitive to post
      operative pain than men. Significant differences in the pain experience after
      different operative procedures were noted. Removal of impacted lower third molars
      and retained roots result in more post-operative pain than the various other
      operative procedures. The incidence and severity of post-operative pain showed no
      clear relationship to the duration of the surgical procedure.

PMID- 6580916
TI  - Post-operative dental pain and analgesic efficacy. Part II. Analgesic usage and
      efficacy after dental surgery.
AB  - The analgesics taken by patients after oral and periodontal surgery were noted
      over a three day observation period. Analgesic consumption matched closely the
      pain experience. The efficacy of self-prescribed analgesics was extrapolated from
      the pain scores obtained in the first 12 hours after surgery, and overall, the
      apparent efficacy appears poor. However, those patients who reported taking
      aspirin recorded significantly less pain than those who took either paracetamol
      or combination analgesics. Analgesic efficacy was not related to dose, although a
      significant correlation was noted between the number of paracetamol tablets taken
      and pain severity.

PMID- 6580917
TI  - Chondromyxoid fibroma of the mandible.

PMID- 6580918
TI  - Incorporation of cis-parinaric acid, a fluorescent fatty acid, into synaptosomal
      phospholipids by an acyl-CoA acyltransferase.
AB  - The cis-isomer of parinaric acid, a naturally occurring C-18 polyene fatty acid,
      was incubated with brain subcellular fractions and the polarization of
      fluorescence increased in a time dependent manner. Greatest increases occurred in
      synaptosomal and microsomal membranes. This increase in polarization of
      fluorescence was found with the cis, but not the trans, isomer of parinaric acid
      and required Mg2+ or Ca2+ and was stimulated by coenzyme A and ATP. Synaptosomes
      were incubated with cis-parinaric acid and lipids were extracted and examined by
      high performance liquid chromatography. The highest incorporations of cis
      parinaric acid were found in phosphatidylcholine (71%) and
      phosphatidylethanolamine (20%) while only traces were found in phosphatidylserine
      and phosphatidylinositol. [3H]Oleic acid was also incorporated into membrane
      phospholipids and unlabeled oleic acid blocked incorporation of cis-parinaric
      acid. It is proposed that cis-parinaric acid, like fatty acids normally found in
      brain, is incorporated into membrane phospholipids by an acyl-CoA
      acyltransferase. The presence of this enzyme in nervous tissue may make it
      possible to easily introduce fluorescent fatty acid probes into membrane
      phospholipids and to thereby facilitate study of membrane-mediated processes.

PMID- 6580919
TI  - The kinetic parameters of the uptake of very-low-density lipoprotein remnant
      cholesteryl esters by perfused rat livers.
AB  - The aim of this study was to determine the kinetic parameters of the hepatic
      uptake of VLDL remnant cholesteryl esters. Rat livers were perfused in situ with
      a broad range of remnant [3H]cholesteryl ester concentrations of known specific
      radioactivity. Following exactly 3 min of perfusion, hepatic lipids were
      extracted and labelled cholesteryl esters were separated by thin-layer
      chromatography and counted. The rate of cholesteryl ester uptake was a saturable
      process and the apparent kinetic parameters were determined from the Lineweaver
      Burk plot of the data. Km and Vmax were calculated to be 72 microM and 35 nmol
      cholesteryl ester/min per g liver, respectively. For the purpose of comparison,
      we have expressed our kinetic parameters in terms of number of particles (Vmax =
      0.022 nmol particles/min per g liver and Km = 45 nM) and compared our values with
      those obtained with chylomicron remnants by another group of investigators
      (Sherrill, B.C., Innerarity, T.L. and Mahley, R.W. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255,
      1804-1807). We found that the maximal capacity for the removal of VLDL particles
      was similar to what was observed with rat chylomicron remnants. In contrast, the
      Km for the uptake process of VLDL remnant particles was approximately four times
      higher than that of rat chylomicron remnant particles. Our results are consistent
      with the hypothesis that hepatic removal of both chylomicron and VLDL remnants is
      mediated by the same receptor, but suggest that the affinity of VLDL remnants for
      the hepatic removal process is substantially lower, possibly due to structural
      differences between the two remnant particles.

PMID- 6580920
TI  - Separation of rat plasma HDL subfractions by density gradient centrifugation and
      the effect of incubation on these fractions.
AB  - The conditions for the separation of rat high density lipoproteins (HDL) in a
      single ultracentrifuge run are described. By this method six serum samples can be
      processed simultaneously. HDL is separated into two main fractions, one with
      apolipoprotein E and the other with apolipoprotein A-I as the major protein
      component. The apolipoprotein E-rich HDL contains a relatively high amount of
      phospholipid and unesterified cholesterol and therefore resembles HDL-1 or
      apolipoprotein E HDL as isolated by other methods. The other HDL fraction
      resembles HDL-2. The two HDL fractions appeared to be heterogeneous with respect
      to apolipoprotein composition. The HDL-1 consisted of particles with and without
      a low percentage of apolipoprotein A-I. The HDL-2 consisted of particles with a
      variable amount of apolipoprotein E and A-IV. During incubation of rat serum for
      5 h at 37 degrees C in the presence of dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) a
      small shift of the HDL-2 peak to lower densities occurred. Incubation of the
      serum without DTNB led to a loss of cholesterol from the 'light' HDL-1 fractions
      and an increase in cholesterol ester in fractions at densities intermediate
      between those of HDL-1 and HDL-2 and in fractions at the densest part of the
      gradient.

PMID- 6580921
TI  - Identification of a cadmium-binding protein from a cadmium-resistant variant of
      human lymphoblastoid cells (WI-L2).
AB  - Cadmium-binding protein synthesis and induction by cadmium chloride were studied
      in the human lymphoblastoid cell line WI-L2. Lymphoblasts were adapted to growth
      in 5 microM cadmium chloride (Cdr) and these cells were 2.5-fold more resistant
      to cadmium than the parental line. There was no difference in the cellular
      protein profile between the parental line and lymphoblasts grown for a short
      period, less than 10 days, in cadmium chloride as measured by [35S]cysteine
      labelling and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A basal level of cadmium
      binding protein was apparent, however, by gel filtration. The Cdr lymphoblasts
      were found to synthesize a substantial amount of cadmium-binding protein,
      approximately 25-fold more than the parental line. The cadmium-binding protein
      has the following properties which are consistent with its being a
      metallothionein: (1) [35S]Cysteine-labelled protein eluted at a Ve/Vo = 2.1 on a
      Sephadex G-75 column; (2) the molecular weight was estimated as 11 kDa on 7-17%
      SDS polyacrylamide gels; (3) the protein was heat-stable; (4) the unlabelled
      protein bound 109Cd2+.

PMID- 6580922
TI  - [Effect of prostaglandins on the sensitivity of cerebral cortical neurons in
      rabbits to cholinoreceptor agonists].
AB  - The effect of prostaglandins F2a and E2 on the reaction of rabbit's brain cortex
      neurons provoked by arecoline and nicotine (stimulators of M- and N
      cholinereceptors) has been investigated by using a microionophoretic technique.
      As a rule, prostaglandin F2a decreased and prostaglandin E2 increased the effects
      of arecoline. Prostaglandins rarely changed the effect of nicotine. The data
      obtained confirms the supposition that prostaglandin F2a has inhibitory effects
      on the synthesis in neurons of the cyclical guanosinemonophosphate. Some
      hypothesis of the prostaglandins participation in integrative activity mechanisms
      of neurons are supposed.

PMID- 6580923
TI  - [Blast cell differentiation of a continuous human leukemia line as affected by
      dimethyl sulfoxide].
AB  - The human blast cells line L-101 isolated from blood leukocytes of the patient
      with the cutaneous erythromyeloleukemia in the media with dimethyl-sulfoxide
      (DMSO) and maintained by permanent cultivation stimulate myeloid differentiation
      of this cells. The number of differentiated cells depends on DMSO concentration.
      Maximum of differentiated cells (up to 75%) have exposed on the 6th day of
      incubation with 0,75% DMSO. The cell line L-101 is a suitable model for
      investigation of myeloid differentiation.

PMID- 6580924
TI  - [Genetic polymorphism of the myogens of the lake frog (Rana ridibunda Pall.)].
AB  - 348 individuals of Rana ridibunda Pall. collected in 3 points of the area
      (Moscow, Kiev, Astrakhan regions) have been studied by means of electrophoresis
      muscle proteins in polyacrylamide gel. Three variants of fractions have been
      found in different specimen on one part of the electrophoretic spectrum. These
      variants are considered as phenotypes of two-allelic codominant system of one
      locus inheritance that is confirmed by the correspondence of observational and
      expected number of phenotypes according the Hardy-Vainberg law. The found
      polymorphism independence of sex has been proved. The frequency of quick alleles
      fluctuates from 0,361 to 0,867. Similarity and difference according allele A
      frequency have been shown. The polymorphic system may serve as a genetic marker
      for the investigation of population structure of lake frog.

PMID- 6580925
TI  - Specific globin mRNAs in human erythroleukemia (K562) cells.
AB  - Specific globin mRNA accumulation was quantitated in several lines of K562 cells
      in the absence and the presence of hemin. Using specific cloned DNA probes, the
      amounts of zeta, alpha, epsilon and gamma mRNAs were shown to be increased 2-3
      fold in the presence of 20 microM hemin. No delta- or beta-globin mRNAs were
      detectable in any of the lines. In one line, Bos, there was a marked decrease in
      epsilon-globin mRNA, which increased with hemin, although still to much lower
      levels than in the other lines. The decreased epsilon-globin mRNA accumulation in
      Bos is shown to be due to decreased epsilon-globin gene transcription.

PMID- 6580926
TI  - Primary therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia: results of amsacrine- and
      daunorubicin-based therapy.
AB  - Remission rates for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have
      improved with the use of anthracyclines and proper management of disseminated
      intravascular coagulopathy. In a prospective randomized trial of chemotherapy in
      patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia, there were 16 patients with APL.
      All 7 of the patients receiving the amsacrine-containing regimen and 5 of 9
      receiving the daunorubicin-containing regimen achieved a remission. All patients,
      except 2 of the 3 who underwent bone marrow transplantation, remain alive and in
      remission from 1+ to 25+ mo. Amsacrine is an effective replacement for
      daunorubicin in the treatment of APL, and its use does not compromise the
      favorable remission duration characteristic of APL.

PMID- 6580927
TI  - Nonspecific esterases of leukemia cell lines: evidence for activation of myeloid
      associated zymogens in HL-60 by phorbol esters.
AB  - Myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60 contains fluoride-sensitive, myeloid-associated
      isoenzymes of nonspecific esterase that increase in activity when cultures are
      treated with phorbol ester. These isoenzymes are not detectable in B-lymphoblast
      cell line KLM-2, either in control or in phorbol-ester-treated cultures. No
      increased de novo synthesis of the isoenzymes is detectable in HL-60 treated with
      phorbol ester. The data suggest stimulated conversion of a preformed, myeloid
      associated zymogen in HL-60.

PMID- 6580928
TI  - Acute myeloid leukemia with marrow hypereosinophilia and chromosome 16.

PMID- 6580929
TI  - Therapy of acute lymphocytic leukemia in childhood with intermediate dose
      methotrexate and CNS irradiation. A report of the ALL 77-02 study group.
AB  - One hundred and eight children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were
      admitted to a prospective therapeutic regime. Remission induction was achieved in
      94% of the cases with vincristine, L-asparaginase, adriamycine and prednisone.
      One hundred and one patients received three intermediate dose methotrexate (MTX)
      infusions combined with intrathecal MTX, followed by L-asparaginase 24 h later.
      High risk (HR) patients (n = 50) were treated in addition with high dose
      cyclophosphamide and Ara-C over 3 weeks. One hundred and one patients received
      cranial irradiation (1,800 rads standard risk (SR)-patients, 2,400 rads HR
      patients) and intrathecal MTX. Maintenance therapy was performed with the usual
      two drug combination of daily 6 mercaptopurine (6 MP) and weekly MTX orally.
      Based on phenotyping 67% of patients had common type ALL, and pre-T or T-cell
      type in 18%. Six per cent of the patients had leukemic blasts expressing both
      common ALL and T-cell markers (c/T-type); 9% had acute undifferentiated leukemia
      (AUL). Out of 108, 101 achieved a complete remission, 6 patients died during
      induction therapy, 1 was a non-responder and 9 patients relapsed. Of these Four
      patients died in continuous complete remission (CCR). For 101 patients the 30
      months probability of CCR is 0.85 (+/- 0.05). For 51 patients with standard risk
      CCR probability is 0.98 (+/- 0.03), for 50 patients with high risk indices it is
      0.65 (+/- 0.11). Patients with c-ALL have a CCR survival of 0.85 (+/- 0.07),
      those with T- or pre-T-ALL 0.88 (+/- 0.09), all 5 patients with c/T-ALL alive in
      CCR. In our study pediatric AUL patients have the most unfavourable prognosis.

PMID- 6580930
TI  - Investigations on karyotype evolution in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia
      (CML).
AB  - In an attempt to relate karyotype evolution to clinical and hematological data
      serial chromosomal analyses were performed in 31 patients with chronic myeloid
      leukemia (CML), both in chronic and acute phases. Our results in Philadelphia
      chromosome (Ph1)-positive CML are in line with karyotype profiles described in
      the literature. In addition, we report on chromosomal findings in 4 cases of Ph1
      negative disease, one presenting with an iso17q chromosome in the positive CML.
      The same chromosomal abnormality was observed in a small population of Ph1
      negative cells present in one of two patients with mixed Ph1-positive/Ph1
      negative CML. The first case of a female patient with the loss of a sex
      chromosome in Ph1-positive cells is reported. Two patients with unusually long
      and mild chronic phases despite the presence of trisomy 8 in their karyotypes are
      described. Our findings suggest that the order of appearance of additional
      chromosomal changes of CML is of prognostic significance for the progression and
      the clinical picture of the disease.

PMID- 6580932
TI  - Cochlear implant: a treatment for profound neurosensory deafness.

PMID- 6580931
TI  - Anesthesia for posterior fossa surgery in the sitting position.

PMID- 6580933
TI  - A perspective on macular degeneration.

PMID- 6580934
TI  - Epidemic meningococcal meningitis: the case of Mali.

PMID- 6580935
TI  - Clinical research in geriatrics past, present, and future.

PMID- 6580936
TI  - Prognostication in patients with coronary artery disease: preliminary results of
      radionuclide cineangiographic studies.

PMID- 6580937
TI  - Effects of yohimbine, rauwolscine and corynanthine on contractions and calcium
      fluxes induced by depolarization and prostaglandin F2 alpha in rat aorta.
AB  - The effects of the selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists yohimbine and its
      stereo-isomer rauwolscine and the selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist
      corynanthine (a third yohimbine stereoisomer) on contractions induced in rat
      aorta by depolarization and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) have been
      compared. In calcium-free solution, depolarization with 100 mM K+ failed to
      produce a contraction of rat aorta but PGF2 alpha (3 microM) stimulated a
      contraction equal to about 23% of maximal elicited in normal physiological
      solution. Yohimbine had no significant effect on depolarization-induced
      contractions except at concentrations greater than 30 microM. Rauwolscine and
      corynanthine (1 to 100 microM) depressed depolarization-induced contractions in a
      concentration-dependent manner, but the characteristics of inhibition were not
      identical. Contractions induced by PGF2 alpha (3 microM) were depressed in a
      concentration-dependent manner by rauwolscine (3 to 100 microM) but were
      unaffected by yohimbine or corynanthine. Depolarization-stimulated 45Ca influx
      was depressed by rauwolscine and corynanthine to about the same extent as were
      the contractions; while rauwolscine (100 microM) completely inhibited PGF2 alpha
      stimulated 45Ca influx, it also depressed part of the PGF2 alpha-stimulated
      contraction dependent on intracellular calcium. Rauwolscine (100 microM) partly
      inhibited PGF2 alpha-stimulated release of 45Ca from aortic smooth muscle in
      calcium-free solution. It is concluded that the yohimbine structure possesses a
      calcium entry blocking action as well as a depressant action on contractions not
      dependent on calcium entry. The predominant effect depends on the structural
      configuration and the nature of the stimulating agent.

PMID- 6580938
TI  - Dental health consultant - a new role in community health.

PMID- 6580939
TI  - Carpal tunnel syndrome - an occupational risk.

PMID- 6580940
TI  - Flow DNA analysis of primary bone tumors. Relationship between cellular DNA
      content and histopathologic classification.
AB  - The cellular DNA content of 15 benign and 34 malignant primary bone tumors was
      analyzed by means of flow cytophotometry. All benign tumors except one of
      questionable histologic type exhibited a normal DNA content (diploid), whereas 23
      of 34 malignant tumors showed an abnormal DNA content (aneuploid). Closer
      analysis revealed that all supposedly highly malignant tumors, i.e., 16
      osteosarcomas and 1 Ewing sarcoma were aneuploid, while 8 of 13 chondrosarcomas,
      2 periosteal osteosarcomas, and 1 of 2 adamantinomas were diploid. Interestingly,
      these diploid malignant tumors represent tumor entities which are known to
      include variants of low-grade malignancy. Cell distribution analysis showed that
      the aneuploid tumors exhibited a higher proportion of S-phase and G2 + M cells
      than the diploid tumors, indicating differences in proliferative activity.
      However, no significant difference in this respect could be demonstrated between
      diploid benign and diploid malignant tumors. The current study clearly shows that
      flow DNA cytophotometry can be applied to most primary bone tumors despite a
      substantial content of hard tissue. The results also indicate that DNA
      determinations as an adjunct to conventional histopathologic assessment may
      provide objective clinically relevant information with respect to the degree of
      malignancy. Thus, regardless of histogenetic origin, it appears that benign bone
      tumors as well as malignant bone tumors of low-grade malignancy in general, are
      diploid, whereas highly malignant bone tumors in general are aneuploid.

PMID- 6580942
TI  - Involvement of chromosomes #1 and #11 in three cases with myeloproliferative
      diseases.
AB  - We describe one case of myeloid metaplasia with a dup(1q21 leads to 1q32), one
      case of myelomonocytic leukemia with a deletion of 11p (11p12 leads to 11q14),
      and a case of polycythemia vera with a deletion of 11q (11q14 leads to 11q25) and
      a presumptive duplication of 1q (1q25 leads to 1q44) via translocation to 6pter.

PMID- 6580941
TI  - Male reproductive capacity may recover following drug treatment with the L-10
      protocol for acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Six men with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were studied prospectively to
      assess the effect of treatment with the L-10 protocol on reproductive capacity.
      Before therapy three men had fathered children (two, two children; one, three
      children); the others were sexually mature although no fertility studies had been
      done prior to or during their treatment. Each patient had a minimum of 3 1/2
      years of continuous chemotherapy as part of this study. Semen analysis was done
      10 to 52 months (median, 31.5 months) after completion of therapy. One patient
      had lower than normal sperm concentration but near normal total sperm count and
      normal motility; the others had a normal sperm concentration and motility. Sperm
      nuclei were isolated from each sample and analyzed by flow cytometry for
      resistance to DNA denaturation in situ; all samples had relatively high
      resistance to denaturation, consistent with a normal, fertile reproductive
      status. After completion of therapy, one patient fathered a normal child, and a
      second patient fathered one child with multiple congenital malformations followed
      by a second child who was normal.

PMID- 6580943
TI  - A case of ALL with 4q trisomy.
AB  - A case of a 7-yr-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with an unusual
      translocation in the leukemic cells is described. The cytogenetic anomaly
      consisted of extra material in the long arm of one chromosome #1, with the
      material probably originating from the long arm of a chromosome #4. The poor
      response to therapy suggested the possibility that translocations in ALL may
      carry a poor prognosis. While more will have to be learned about the significance
      of the material originating from chromosome #4 in ALL, it appears that
      translocations involving material from the long arm of #4 are not infrequently
      associated with a poor prognosis.

PMID- 6580944
TI  - Silver bands in chronic granulocytic leukemia: I. Increased banding associated
      with blastic transformation.
AB  - We have tested the proposal that the level of silver banding in leukemic cells of
      Ph1 + chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) patients increases as the disease
      progresses. Blood and/or bone marrow cells from 14 patients were cultured for 24
      hr before banding. In all but one case, there were two populations of mitoses,
      those with silver bands on their nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) and those
      without. The percentage of cells that banded was higher, on average, in cultures
      from 7 patients in blastic transformation (80%) than in 8 chronic cases (36%) or
      in one accelerated phase (49%). Also, the mean number of NORs stained in banded
      cells was higher in blastic phase (6.9) compared with chronic phase cells (4.4).
      Hyperdiploid cell lines were present in four cases of myeloblastic
      transformation. All such cells were silver banded, and the mean fraction of NORs
      banded in them was relatively high. An increase in silver banding with time was
      shown in two of the patients. It seems that silver banding does increase in CGL
      cells as the disease progresses. This may arise either through an increase in the
      rate of ribosomal RNA synthesis in leukemic cells present in the blastic phase or
      possibly by a decrease in the rate of degradation (or processing) of newly
      synthesized rRNA.

PMID- 6580946
TI  - Alterations of taste in children with leukemia.

PMID- 6580945
TI  - Human leukemic cells contain transforming growth factor.
AB  - A transforming growth factor was found in the extracts of leukemic cells obtained
      from the peripheral blood of 11 patients with leukemia. This factor stimulated
      the colony formation of anchorage-dependent BALB/c 3T3 cells in soft agar. The
      high levels of colony-stimulating activities were observed in the cell extracts
      from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blastic crisis (CML BC), acute
      myelogenous leukemia and CML in chronic phase. The factor from a CML BC patient
      was heat- and acid-labile, relatively stable to dithiothreitol treatment and
      inactivated by pronase treatment. Molecular size of the factor seems more than
      10,000 daltons.

PMID- 6580947
TI  - Transport of uridine and 3-deazauridine in cultured human lymphoblastoid cells.
AB  - The transport of uridine and 3-deazauridine was compared in two lines of cultured
      human lymphoblastoid cells that differ in their sensitivity to 3-deazauridine
      apparently because of reduced uridine-cytidine kinase activity in the resistant
      line. The kinetic parameters (+/- S.E.) of uridine transport were similar in the
      two cell lines: Km, 0.23 +/- 0.02 and 0.25 +/- 0.07 mM; and Vmax, 35 +/- 2 and 57
      +/- 10 pmol/microliter of cell water per sec, respectively, for 6410/MP
      (parental) and 6410/MP/DU (resistant) cells. 3-Deazauridine, while transported
      with similar kinetic characteristics in both cell lines, was not as good a
      substrate for the nucleoside transporter as was uridine, and its transport was
      dependent on pH. Kinetic parameters, determined using calculated concentrations
      of the undissociated form of 3-deazauridine (pKa, 6.5), were: Km, 0.52 +/- 0.01
      and 0.51 +/- 0.03 mM; and Vmax, 28 +/- 0.5 and 24 +/- 0.9 pmol/microliter of cell
      water per sec, respectively, for 6410/MP and 6410/MP/DU cells. At pH 8, a
      condition in which 97% of 3-deazauridine molecules are ionized, rates of
      transport were almost zero. It is concluded that the undissociated form of 3
      deazauridine is the substrate for the nucleoside transporter.

PMID- 6580949
TI  - Phase II trial of aclarubicin in advanced breast cancer: a cancer and leukemia
      group B study.

PMID- 6580948
TI  - Phase II study of amsacrine gluconate in refractory leukemia.
AB  - Twenty-six adults with refractory leukemia were treated with amsacrine gluconate,
      a new formulation. There were two complete and two partial remissions. This
      preparation has no apparent advantage when compared with amsacrine lactate.

PMID- 6580950
TI  - Interaction of urea and human enamel.

PMID- 6580951
TI  - Enamel fluorosis related to plasma F levels in the rat.

PMID- 6580952
TI  - Formation of fluoridated apatites on ion-permselective membranes.

PMID- 6580953
TI  - Effect of frequent rinses with isomaltulose (Palatinose) solution on acid
      production in human dental plaque.

PMID- 6580954
TI  - Lipid effect on the progress of artificial carious lesions in dental enamel.

PMID- 6580955
TI  - Lower fluoride concentrations for topical application. In vitro study on human
      dental enamel.

PMID- 6580956
TI  - An infrared method for quantification of carbonate in carbonated apatites.

PMID- 6580957
TI  - Buffer action of fluoridated CO3-apatites during titration.

PMID- 6580958
TI  - Effect of the pH of buffer solutions on artificial carious lesion formation in
      human tooth enamel.

PMID- 6580959
TI  - Effect of NaF and SnF2 in drinking water on hamster dental caries.

PMID- 6580960
TI  - Microbial composition, pH-depressing capacity and acidogenicity of 3-week smooth
      surface plaque developed on sucrose-regulated diets in man.

PMID- 6580961
TI  - Fluoride balance studies on infants in a 1-ppm-water-fluoride area.

PMID- 6580962
TI  - Distribution of fluoride to human breast milk following intake of high doses of
      fluoride.

PMID- 6580963
TI  - Prenatal lethalities in mice homozygous for human growth hormone gene sequences
      integrated in the germ line.
AB  - The mutagenic potential of recombinant DNA in the germ line was investigated in
      the descendants of mice obtained from eggs injected with the human growth-hormone
      gene in a pBR322 vector. Six positive animals (including one mosaic) were
      produced and had 1-20 copies of the donor sequences in unique and often complex
      integration patterns indicative of a single or an interrupted insertion. All were
      heterozygotes and transmitted the foreign insert to their progeny, forming six
      new HUGH strains. Matings between heterozygotes yielded viable healthy
      homozygotes in four of the strains. However, in the HUGH/3 and HUGH/4 strains, no
      postnatal homozygotes were found and litter sizes at birth were small. These two
      independent cases of mutation, both homozygous recessive prenatal lethals, are
      attributable to disruption of native sequences by alien ones. They constitute the
      first instances of insertional mutagenesis due to integration of recombinant DNA
      in the germ line of the mouse. The mutants provide new possibilities for
      molecular identification of gene functions necessary for normal development.

PMID- 6580964
TI  - Anorexia nervosa and bulimia in dancers. Accurate diagnosis and treatment
      planning.
AB  - Ballet dancers have an increased risk of developing anorexia nervosa, perhaps
      because of their preoccupation with appearance and body shape related to their
      career. The author lists the early warning signs of anorexia nervosa and bulimia
      in dancers. Techniques are described to assist the practitioner in
      differentiating the normal dieting dancer from the anorectic dancer. The author
      emphasizes strategic treatment planning with anorectic dancers who initially deny
      the severity of their illness.

PMID- 6580965
TI  - [First experience with extra-amniotic intrauterine administration of
      prostaglandin F2 alpha].

PMID- 6580966
TI  - Thromboxane A2 and hemodynamic-biochemical parameters in canine endotoxin shock.
AB  - Prostaglandins participate in the pathophysiology of endotoxin shock; however,
      their exact role has not yet been clear. In this study, we investigated the role
      of the proaggregatory vasoconstrictor, thromboxane A2 (TXA2), an arachidonic acid
      metabolite, during canine endotoxin shock. The central venous plasma levels of
      thromboxane B2 (TXB2), the stable metabolite of TXA2, was measured by
      radioimmunoassay. We also investigated the therapeutic effect of reduced
      glutathione (GSH), a potential cell-stabilizing sulfhydryl compound, in canine
      endotoxin shock. Sixty minutes after the intravenous administration of E. coli
      endotoxin (1 mg/kg), the plasma TXB2 levels were significantly increased from
      68.8 +/- 49.0 pg/ml to 318.3 +/- 117.2 pg/ml (N = 5) in the control group and
      from 67.9 +/- 68,4 pg/ml to 222.6 +/- 133.2 pg/ml (N = 5) in the GSH (300
      mg/kg/hr) group. The levels in the GSH group were somewhat lower than in the
      control group for 60 to 180 minutes after the injection of endotoxin. Thromboxane
      A2 value appear not to relate to early thrombocytopenia and pulmonary
      hypertension but to relate to the change of late coagulopathy and of pulmonary
      vascular resistance. The administration of GSH suppressed the lactic acidemia
      significantly, however there was a much more decrease in the mean arterial
      pressure in the GSH group than in the control group. In addition, there was a
      tendency to inhibit the increase of the serum beta-glucuronidase activity in the
      GSH group.

PMID- 6580967
TI  - Two biological sources of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase used to measure
      total bile acids in serum.

PMID- 6580968
TI  - A longitudinal study of delayed periosteoplasty to the cleft alveolus.
AB  - The effects of delayed periosteoplasty were studied longitudinally from 5 to 17
      years of age in 35 consecutive cases (24 boys and 11 girls) with clefts involving
      the maxillary alveolar process. The mean age at operation was 6.4 years. In
      patients younger than 7 years of age at the time of delayed periosteoplasty, good
      bone formation developed in 80%, compared with 47% after infant periosteoplasty.
      After delayed periosteoplasty the formation of new bone continued an average of 5
      years postoperatively. The frequency of anterior crossbite was lower than that
      reported for other Scandinavian cleft lip and palate materials of the same age
      and type of cleft. Cephalometric analysis indicated that growth of the facial
      skeleton of the patients in the present material was well within the limits
      reported for the above-mentioned Scandinavian materials subjected neither to
      periosteoplasty nor to bone-grafting. The results indicate that delayed
      periosteoplasty might be a superior method in the reconstruction of the alveolar
      cleft in young individuals.

PMID- 6580969
TI  - Growth characteristics of the premaxilla and orthodontic treatment principles in
      bilateral cleft lip and palate.
AB  - Sixty-three individuals with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) were
      studied. In 51 of these subjects no surgical set-back or early bone grafting
      procedures were done. In the other 12 subjects early surgical procedures to
      reduce the prominence of the premaxilla had been done. In the larger group the
      premaxilla was, on the average, protrusive until age 12, after which it gradually
      became more retrusive. By the end of the growth period the premaxilla was not
      excessively protrusive in any of these subjects. It was concluded that it is
      advantageous for the premaxilla in individuals with BCLP to be protrusive during
      most of the growth period, since the premaxilla grows forward at a slower rate
      than the mandible. In the 12 subjects with premaxillary surgery, midface
      retrusion was demonstrated at an early age. The forward growth of the premaxilla
      in these individuals was slower than in the BCLP without premaxillary surgery and
      all 12 subjects developed rather severe midface retrusion. Orthodontic treatment
      principles for four different stages of craniofacial and dental development have
      been outlined.

PMID- 6580970
TI  - Comprehension abilities of one-year-old infants with cleft lip and palate.
AB  - Comprehension abilities of ten normal infants and ten infants with cleft lip and
      palate were investigated in an interactive environment. All subjects were twelve
      to thirteen months old and were matched with respect to race, sex, socio-economic
      status, hearing acuity and dialect spoken in the home. Videotapes were made while
      mothers and their children engaged in play. Analysis of these one-hour
      interactions revealed no significant difference between the two groups on
      measures of comprehension skills.

PMID- 6580971
TI  - Tooth size in children with cleft lip and palate.
AB  - The mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions of primary and permanent teeth were
      measured in 246 children with either isolated cleft palate or complete unilateral
      cleft lip and palate. The primary teeth of males with clefts were reduced in
      their buccolingual dimension compared to the control, while in females there were
      reductions in the mesio-distal dimension. There were no remarkable differences in
      the size of the permanent teeth in males with clefts. Females with clefts had
      reduced buccolingual dimensions of the permanent teeth, in both jaws.

PMID- 6580972
TI  - Craniofacial growth in clefting from one month to ten years as studied by P-A
      headfilms.
AB  - Craniofacial growth of 64 children with a unilateral cleft of lip and palate, 32
      children with a bilateral cleft of lip and palate, and 78 children with a cleft
      of palate only were studied at the ages of one month, three months, six months,
      one year, 18 months, two years, and annually till the age of 10 years. Nine width
      and 12 height measurements are obtained from the tracings of p-a X-ray headfilms
      and analysed. It was found that the cleft type differences were mainly restricted
      to the base line width, interorbital width, optic foramen width, basal maxillary
      width, interorbital height, optic foramen height, and gonial height. For all
      these measurements except basal maxillary width, the means are in the order BCLP
      greater than UCLP greater than CPO. For basal maxillary breadth it was UCLP
      greater than BCLP greater than CPO. Sex differences are restricted to base line
      width, basal maxillary width, bizygomatic width, interorbital height, and optic
      foramen height. For these width measurements, males have larger means than
      females. For the height measurements, females have larger means than males.

PMID- 6580973
TI  - Cosmetics as an esthetic aid to the plastic surgery patient.

PMID- 6580974
TI  - Eruption of incisor teeth in cleft lip and palate.
AB  - Longitudinal frontal and lateral cephalometric radiographs were used to study the
      path of eruption of the permanent central incisors approximating the cleft areas
      in 15 subjects with unilateral and 7 subjects with bilateral complete clefts of
      the lip and palate, aged between 3 years 8 months and 9 years. Tracings from the
      longitudinal transparent templates of the Bolton Standards subjects were used as
      controls for comparative purposes. The findings indicate that the pattern of
      eruption of the maxillary central incisor follows the pattern of alveolar
      development in the cleft subjects. The position of the premaxilla subsequent to
      cleft repair influences the eruption pattern of the maxillary central incisors
      approximating the cleft areas. The central incisors erupt down and back, and
      become more retroclined and retropositioned within the nasomaxillary complex,
      with increment in age. The crowns of the central incisors approximating the cleft
      in unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects progressively tipped more towards the
      cleft with age.

PMID- 6580975
TI  - Cytogenetics of acute leukemia in 90 children and young adults. Prognostic value
      of karyotypic status at diagnosis.

PMID- 6580976
TI  - Direct enzymic fluorimetric method for the determination of individual bile acids
      in bile.
AB  - We describe a new, simple, fluorimetric enzymic method for the determination of
      individual bile acids in bile. Bile is diluted 4000-fold with water and 3 alpha-
      and 7 alpha-hydroxy bile acids are determined by equilibrium methods and
      chenodeoxycholic acid is determined by a differential kinetic method, without any
      prior separation and preparatory step. The equilibrium methods are based on the
      reaction of 3 alpha- or 7 alpha-hydroxy bile acids with beta-NAD+ in the presence
      of the enzyme 3 alpha- or 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD). The kinetic
      method is based upon the reaction of chenodeoxycholic acid with beta-NAD+ in the
      presence of the enzyme 7 alpha-HSD. All measurements are monitored
      fluorimetrically. Cholic and deoxycholic acid are calculated by difference.
      Recovery experiments gave satisfactory results. Gallbladder bile from patients
      was analysed for the three major bile acids. The proposed method is suitable for
      clinical use.

PMID- 6580977
TI  - Assay of phenol sulphotransferase in human blood.
AB  - An assay of phenol sulphotransferase in human blood with 4-hydroxy-3
      methoxyphenylethylene glycol as partial substrate is described. The pH optimum
      with this substrate is 8.0. To demonstrate the heterogeneity of the enzyme in
      blood an alternative partial substrate, 4-methylumbelliferone, at an optimal pH
      of 7.4, is used. Enzyme activity is linear with time up to at least 60 minutes of
      incubation. With 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethylene glycol as the substrate a
      linear relation between phenol sulphotransferase activity and enzyme
      concentration exists. Phenol sulphotransferase activity shows no correlation with
      age or sex of healthy subjects. Varying ratios of the enzyme activities toward
      both substrates support the idea of two phenol sulphotransferases in blood. As
      nevertheless a significant correlation exists between both sulphotransferase
      activities we conclude that neither substrate is sulphated exclusively by one of
      the two enzymes. Because preparative procedures for platelets may lead to
      considerable losses of specific subpopulations with relatively low or high enzyme
      activity, one of the advantages of using whole blood is that the activity in the
      whole platelet population is determined.

PMID- 6580978
TI  - Activities of serum acid ribonuclease in patients with malignant neoplasms or
      with renal failure.
AB  - The activities of serum acid ribonuclease (RNase) were determined in patients
      with malignant neoplasm or with renal failure. The levels were markedly increased
      in myelogenous leukemia and renal failure, and only slightly increased in solid
      cancers, lymphoid malignancies and multiple myeloma. These increases correlated
      significantly with serum LDH activity in myelogenous leukemia and with creatinine
      levels in other malignancies or renal failure. The acid RNase content of
      granulocytes was 22.7-fold higher than that of lymphocytes. The increase of serum
      acid RNase may suggest an increased granulocyte destruction in myelogenous
      leukemia and a reduced glomerular filtration in other malignant neoplasms and
      renal failure.

PMID- 6580979
TI  - HLA in kinship determinations among Haitian immigrants.
AB  - Immunogenetic study of alleged first-degree relatives was undertaken among 258
      prospective United States immigrants from Haiti. Methods involved serotyping red
      cells for ABO, Rh, and MN antigens and typing leukocytes for HLA, A, B, and C
      locus antigens. Kinship was definitely excluded in a relatively low 4.2% of cases
      involving putative parents and children. Among cases involving alleged siblings,
      estimates of fraud appeared slightly higher, but the method is suspect because
      even in true sibships, there may be an absence of obligatory gene markers. Data
      suggests that some cases involved half-siblings rather than fraud. Of
      demonstrated exclusions of parent or child, HLA detected the lack of kinship in
      87.4% versus 16.9% by red cell typing. However, there were cases in which
      exclusions were found by red cell methods alone; furthermore, red cell plus HLA
      typing allows for a calculation of probability of kinship that is analogous to
      calculations in paternity studies. Together, the red cell and leukocyte systems
      offer a prior probability of exclusion of parent-child relationships in 91.3%.

PMID- 6580980
TI  - Genetic studies of familial amyloid polyneuropathy in the Arao district of Japan:
      I. The genealogical survey.
AB  - A genealogical survey of familial amyloid polyneuropathy in the Arao district of
      Japan was undertaken, and the data were analysed statistically. The survey
      revealed 92 patients (46 males and 46 females) in 9 families. Thirty-one of the
      patients (16 males and 15 females) are alive. For 44 patients, the mean age of
      onset was 34.1 years (range 20-46 years). The penetrance corrected for late onset
      was 83.5% by Morton's method. The segregation ratio of 18 sibships in which one
      of the parents was affected was 36 +/- 6% for single ascertainment and 46 +/- 5%
      for complete ascertainment; the corresponding figures of 14 sibships in which
      neither parent was affected was 30 +/- 7% for single ascertainment and 40 +/- 6%
      for complete ascertainment. The results of the analysis were consistent with the
      assumption of an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance.

PMID- 6580981
TI  - Binding of mouse monoclonal antibodies to human leukaemic cells via the Fc
      receptor: a possible source of 'false positive' reactions in specificity
      screening.
AB  - Mouse monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) of different classes and subclasses directed
      against antigens not expected to be present on human cells have been screened by
      indirect immunofluorescence using flow cytometry for binding to human non
      lymphocytic leukaemic cells and normal peripheral blood leucocytes. Antibodies of
      the IgG2a and IgG3 subclass, but not of the IgG1, IgG2b or IgM class bound to the
      blast cell and monocyte populations in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell
      preparation from a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukaemia. F(ab')2 fragments
      of an anti-salmonella antibody of IgG2a subclass failed to bind, indicating that
      the results were not due to cross-reactivity with antigens of the cell membrane,
      thus implicating the Fc region in binding. Furthermore, binding was partly
      blocked by inclusion of 10% heat-inactivated normal rabbit serum in the assays.
      IgG2a bound to varying degrees to the leukaemic cell populations in seven of the
      nine non-lymphocytic leukaemic specimens tested, but no binding to normal
      peripheral blood mononuclear cells or granulocytes was detected. The results
      emphasize the importance of including appropriate controls when screening MoAbs
      for binding to various types of human cells.

PMID- 6580982
TI  - Urinary excretion of prostaglandins (PGE2 and PGF2 alpha) and kallikrein in acute
      glomerulonephritis.
AB  - We studied prostaglandins and kallikrein urinary excretion in 14 children with
      acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis within 48 hours of hospital admission
      (period A), and again, 4-6 weeks later, when they were clinically recovered
      (period B). Seventeen apparently healthy children were studied as controls. The
      results (mean +/- SEM) indicate that PGE2 urinary excretion (ng/kg/day) was
      diminished during both periods of study (control group = 2.06 +/- 0.43, patients
      = period A 0.91 +/- 0.28 [P less than 0.02], period B 0.92 +/- 0.21 [P less than
      0.02]). PGF2 alpha urinary excretion (ng/kg/day) was also suppressed during
      period A, but not during period B when large individual variability existed
      (control group = 7.10 +/- 1.07, patients period A 3.56 +/- 0.66 [P less than
      0.001], period B 10.51 +/- 5.01 [NS]). Kallikrein urinary excretion (EU/kg/day)
      was also depressed during the acute phase and remained low during convalescence
      (control group = 0.492 +/- 0.1, patients period A 0.143 +/- 0.044 [P less than
      0.001], period B 0.265 +/- 0.093 [P less than 0.02]). There was no difference in
      PGE/PGF ratio between controls and patients in the periods of study (control
      0.328 +/- 0.055, period A 0.395 +/- 0.144, period B 0.384 +/- 0.128). Urine
      volume (ml/day) was lower in period A (582 +/- 75.8) but comparable in period B
      (1020 +/- 140.2) and control children (1210 +/- 80.2). No correlation could be
      found between the urinary excretion of PGE2, PGF2 alpha and kallikrein with any
      of the following parameters: urinary or serum sodium and potassium, serum or
      urinary osmolality, Cosm, urine flow, plasma renin activity, plasma or urinary
      aldosterone, hypertension or fluid retention.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6580983
TI  - HLA-DR associations with Graves' disease in eastern Hungary.
AB  - We have typed 196 patients with Graves' disease from eastern Hungary (an iodine
      deficient region) for HLA-A, -B, and -C antigens and 80 of the same patients for
      HLA-DR antigens. Our data confirm the previously described association of HLA-B8
      and DR3 with Graves' disease, particularly in patients with ophthalmopathy. We
      also describe several new findings: an increase in the prevalence of HLA-BW35,
      particularly in combination with B8, among patients with ophthalmopathy and a
      slight increase in the prevalence of B8, DR7 among patients with ophthalmopathy.
      These results support the concept that MHC-linked susceptibility to Graves'
      disease is dose-dependent. Our results do not confirm a report suggesting that
      the prevalence of HLA-DR5 is increased among patients without ophthalmopathy in
      iodine-deficient areas: we found that the prevalence of HLA-DR5 was slightly
      decreased among patients with Graves' disease, with and without ophthalmopathy,
      in comparison with controls.

PMID- 6580984
TI  - Orbital accumulation of gallium-67 citrate.
AB  - In order to determine the normal range of Gallium-67 citrate (Ga-67) accumulation
      in the orbital regions, and to possibly identify groups tending to have increased
      Ga-67 concentration in the eyes, 75 studies were performed prospectively over a
      two-month period. No difference in the ocular count/background ratio was found on
      the basis of sex, or on the basis of symptomatic ocular involvement in a systemic
      disease process. A significant difference in this ratio was found between age
      groups separated by 20 years or more, with younger patients tending to have
      higher ocular counts. This decrease in the ratio with age possibly reflects the
      physiologic senile involution of the lacrimal apparatus with time. The wide range
      of normal ocular Ga-67 accumulation should be kept in mind, and demonstrable Ga
      67 concentration in the orbital regions need not be automatically ascribed to a
      pathologic process.

PMID- 6580985
TI  - Gallium-67 citrate imaging in subcutaneous abscess.
AB  - The value of Ga-67 images in identifying unsuspected locations of subcutaneous
      Staphylococcus aureus abscess is presented. Many of the lesions detected on the
      Ga-67 study were not clinically evident. In addition, follow-up studies show
      resolution of the changes after antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 6580986
TI  - Unusual distribution of radiocolloid and radiogallium in a case of bile leakage
      from a T-tube.

PMID- 6580987
TI  - Gallium scanning in a patient with sarcoidosis.

PMID- 6580988
TI  - Platelet phenol sulfotransferase and erythrocyte catechol-O-methyltransferase
      activities: correlation with methyldopa metabolism.
AB  - Methyldopa is metabolized by sulfate conjugation catalyzed by phenol
      sulfotransferase (PST), O-methylation catalyzed by catechol-O-methyltransferase
      (COMT), and decarboxylation catalyzed by aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase.
      These experiments were performed to determine whether individual variations in
      red blood cell (RBC) COMT and platelet PST activities might reflect variations in
      the metabolism of methyldopa in man. Methyldopa, 3.5 mg/kg, was taken orally by
      28 subjects. Blood samples were obtained from these subjects for the assay of
      platelet PST and RBC COMT activities, and a 24-hr urine sample was collected for
      the measurement of methyldopa and its major metabolites. Human platelets contain
      two independently regulated forms of PST. One form is thermolabile (TL), and the
      other is thermostable (TS). Methyldopa and alpha-methyldopamine are substrates
      for the TL but not for the TS form of PST. The results of the experiment showed
      significant correlations between TL platelet PST activity and the proportion of
      alpha-methyldopamine excreted as a sulfate conjugate, and between RBC COMT
      activity and the proportion of methyldopa excreted as an O-methyl metabolite.
      There was no significant correlation, however, between TL platelet PST activity,
      and the proportion of methyldopa itself excreted as a sulfate conjugate. These
      results are compatible with the conclusion that differences among subjects in
      drug metabolizing enzyme activities are one factor responsible for wide
      individual variations in methyldopa metabolism in man.

PMID- 6580989
TI  - Comparison of methods used in commercial kits for the assay of serum vitamin B12.
AB  - Fourteen commercial kits for serum vitamin B12 assay have been assessed. The
      analytical performance and clinical correlation were used to rank the methods
      employed for the extraction of the vitamin from its binders and for the
      separation of 'bound' from 'unbound' counts. The introduction of extraction
      without boiling and the separation by attachment of the vitamin B12 binder to a
      solid matrix have not been shown to be generally better or worse than
      conventional methods.

PMID- 6580990
TI  - Five-day storage of platelet concentrates. II. In-vivo studies.
AB  - Following in-vitro tests it was concluded that platelet concentrates stored for 5
      days at 22 degrees C in polyolefin containers, coded PL732, should be as
      effective in clinical practice as similar concentrates stored in the standard PVC
      containers, coded PL146. These predictions have been confirmed by the following
      in-vivo tests; autologous survival studies in volunteers, determination of
      recovery, platelet increment calculations 1 and 24 h after transfusion and
      clinical appraisal after transfusion of haemorrhagic thrombocytopenic patients.
      Bacteriological cultures of the platelet concentrates were sterile after storage
      for more than 5 days. It can be concluded that the 5-day storage of platelet
      concentrates in these containers is a practical proposition.

PMID- 6580991
TI  - Acute monocytic leukaemia complicating polycythaemia rubra vera: successful
      response to chemotherapy with recurrence of polycythaemia.

PMID- 6580992
TI  - 15/17 translocation in acute promyelocytic leukaemia following treatment of
      Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 6580993
TI  - The use of gallium-67 citrate to distinguish between infectious and non
      infectious arthritis.

PMID- 6580994
TI  - Factors influencing oral hygiene and gingival health in Greek schoolchildren.
AB  - 397 children aged 12-17 years from different schools were divided into two
      groups. Group I comprised 192 children from private schools in Athens and Group
      II comprised 205 children from state schools of an industrial area in Piraeus.
      They were also subgrouped according to their socioeconomic class. They were
      interviewed with regard to their oral health habits, frequency of dental visits,
      etc., and subjected to clinical examination using the criteria and indices
      described by Silness & Loe and Loe & Silness. Stepwise regression analysis was
      used in the statistical evaluation of factors related to GI and Pl I. The
      following factors were found to be statistically significant in relation to GI:
      socioeconomic class, toothbrushing frequency, sex, and group examined. For Pl I
      statistically significant factors were found to be: age, group examined, and sex.
      All other variables were not significantly correlated to GI and Pl I.

PMID- 6580995
TI  - Toothbrushing, flossing, and dental visits in relation to socioeconomic
      characteristics of white American families.
AB  - This study investigated the patterns of preventive dental behaviors, including
      toothbrushing, flossing, and dental visits with respect to certain selected
      socioeconomic characteristics, namely population density, age, family income,
      size of family, presence of children, and level of education. The sample of the
      study included 685 white American families. The results indicated that an
      individual's preventive dental behavior is related to certain socioeconomic
      characteristics. The individual who lives in an urban area, possesses a higher
      income or who has a higher educational level is more apt to take preventive
      dental actions. Among the socioeconomic variables, family income and educational
      level made significantly stronger differences with respect to toothbrushing,
      flossing, and dental visits. Dental visits, compared to other dental activities
      appeared to be more easily influenced by socioeconomic variables.

PMID- 6580996
TI  - Dental health education by "barefoot doctors".
AB  - In an insurance company 18 out of 507 employees were trained as dental health
      educators. They then informed their fellow workers about prevention of caries and
      periodontal disease in groups of about 10 persons. Two information meetings were
      held during a period of 10 months. Eighty-nine percent of the employees were
      positive to this educational programme. Twenty-two percent said that they had
      reduced the intake of sucrose after the first meeting. Even more persons reduced
      their sucrose intake later. Saliva secretion rate and buffer capacity were
      analyzed and the number of lactobacilli and Streptococcus mutans were determined
      before and after the information meetings. A significant reduction in the number
      of lactobacilli was found, confirming the change in carbohydrate intake. The
      information raised the level of knowledge about dental health among the
      employees. It was suggested that this type of educational programme should be
      used in other health areas.

PMID- 6580997
TI  - Dental health among workers at a Danish chocolate factory.
AB  - All workers (n = 59) at a Danish chocolate factory were given a questionnaire in
      order to study dental health behavior and self-assessment of dental health.
      Regular dental visits at least once a year was reported by 71% of the
      respondents. Toothbrushing at least twice a day was claimed by most of the
      workers, but only a few reported to brush their teeth daily at work. One fourth
      declared that they often consumed chocolate at their working place. Good dental
      and gingival conditions were only reported by 25% and in correspondence with
      this, nearly one third claimed to have had much or a great deal of trouble with
      their teeth. Mean DMFS increased from 22.7 in the age group 16-19 yr to 106.7
      among persons 40 yr of age or more. In the age group 20-39 yr half of the teeth
      present had gingivitis and calculus and among the older individuals half of the
      teeth had gingivitis and pockets deeper than 5 mm. Chocolate workers were
      considered a high risk group.

PMID- 6580998
TI  - Application of the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) in a
      population of young Brazilians.
AB  - Recently WHO has launched an index for assessing the periodontal treatment needs
      of a population in terms of resources required. This Community Periodontal Index
      of Treatment Needs was applied in 308 Brazilian 15-yr-old schoolchildren from a
      population with a high prevalence of periodontitis. The results showed that all
      subjects needed some kind of care. Totally, 4133 time units were required. Most
      of the time needed was for motivation and instruction in oral hygiene, and
      scaling. Several individuals assigned for complex treatment due to pockets deeper
      than 5.5 mm showed no signs of radiographic bone loss, and in the cases with bone
      loss, the lesions were few and small. The CPITN therefore seemed to overestimate
      the need for treatment in this young population. To overcome this problem, it was
      suggested that complex treatment should not be included in planning of systematic
      periodontal care for young populations, and that subjects with true periodontal
      lesions should be given priority in community programs.

PMID- 6580999
TI  - Nitrous oxide-oxygen sedation in dental care.
AB  - The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental treatments under nitrous oxide
      oxygen sedation carried out during 1 yr by the first 45 Swedish dentists trained
      at probationary courses in the use of the technique. Special emphasis was placed
      on evaluating the risk and incidence of side effects. Data from 1719 treatment
      sessions in 823 patients, mainly children, were analyzed. Standardized sedation
      technique was used and the maximum level of nitrous oxide administered was set at
      60%. About 90% of the patients showed excellent or fair acceptance. Factors
      influencing the acceptance were the patient's age, history of psychiatric
      disorders, mental retardation and occurrence of side effects. In 4.5% of the
      treatment sessions the patient experienced side effects, e.g. restlessness,
      vomiting or nausea, during treatment and in 0.9% after the treatment session. The
      side effects were mainly mild. No correlation was found between side effects and
      the nitrous oxide concentration used, length of treatment, patient's age or
      health classification. It is concluded that nitrous oxide-oxygen sedation is an
      excellent and safe aid to dental care.

PMID- 6581000
TI  - Effect of variation in caries diagnosis and degree of caries on treatment
      decisions by dental teachers using bitewing radiographs.
AB  - Nine teachers of clinical dentistry were presented with 12 pairs of duplicated
      bitewings on four different occasions. At the first two examinations they
      indicated the presence of caries in need of treatment and at the second two the
      degree of caries. The diagnostic sessions were repeated to measure
      reproducibility. A norm for the validity of degree of enamel caries and for the
      estimation of specificity and sensitivity of the diagnostic categories was
      applied. The teachers saw on average less caries and less deep caries than the
      norm. Variability by the teachers was especially large between examinations for
      enamel lesion categories. There was a mean of 69% agreement by the teachers with
      their own treatment indication criteria. Over recording of treatment need (mean
      19%, SD 20%) and under recording (mean 36%, SD 17%) occurred at the same viewing
      periods. Using Cohen's kappa, it was found that despite their variation and
      inaccuracy this group of teachers should select caries in dentin as the teaching
      criterion for treatment need. It is suggested that the sensitivity and
      specificity with which dental practitioners can use a criterion should be taken
      into account firstly when selecting it, and secondly when choosing the frequency
      of radiographic screening.

PMID- 6581001
TI  - Epidemiologic characteristics of dental caries: relation of DMFS to DMFT.
AB  - The relationship between the age-specific mean number of DMF teeth and the age
      specific mean number of DMF surfaces in the population has been studied using the
      original data of Knutson and epidemiologic data from five Finnish materials,
      including data of 4718 subjects examined. Two models of regression between the
      variables were evaluated statistically by making a comparison between a linear
      and a curvilinear model of regression. For Knutson's original data, both models
      were suitable, apart from one data set with a relatively high caries prevalence,
      for which the association between the variables could be better expressed by the
      linear model. Concerning the recent Finnish materials, the difference in accuracy
      between the models seemed to be related to the range of the measurements; the
      larger the range of the measured caries prevalences, including low and high
      prevalence rates, the more proponderant the curvilinear model. For very low
      caries populations as well, the curvilinear model, a correction exponential
      curve, seemed to fit caries data somewhat better than the straight line.

PMID- 6581002
TI  - Changes in the caries prevalence of 11-12-year-old schoolchildren in the North
      West of England from 1968 to 1981.
AB  - Since 1968, six caries clinical trials have been conducted in the North-West of
      England by different examiners using the same diagnostic system, and a steady
      reduction in caries prevalence in 11-12-yr-old schoolchildren has been recorded.
      In the present study, five of the examiners revisited some of the schools which
      participated in their original trials and each examined between 196 and 296
      children. The time intervals between the original and repeat examinations were
      12, 10, 8, 5 and 3 yr. Percent caries reductions (PCRs) ranged from 19 to 33 for
      DMFT and from 24 to 35 for DMFS but the PCRs did not relate to the time intervals
      between examinations. The PCRs were greater on free smooth and approximal
      surfaces than on fissure surfaces and for the anterior teeth than for the mouth
      as a whole, suggesting that fluoride may have played a role in the reductions.

PMID- 6581003
TI  - Study of tooth loss in an adolescent Brazilian population.
AB  - Data concerning tooth loss in developing countries may indicate the dental health
      status in young people and serve as baseline data for evaluation of future dental
      health programs. The study population consisted of 304 schoolchildren (145 males,
      159 females) from Belo Horizonte, M.G. Brazil. The mean age was 14.5, ranging
      from 13 to 16 yr. The number of teeth already lost and teeth indicated for
      extraction were assessed from two posterior bitewing radiographs and one frontal
      color photo which were obtained from all participants. The results showed that
      2/3 of the studied population had lost one or more permanent teeth. The average
      number of missing teeth was 1.8 in both males and females. Of the various teeth,
      the mandibular first molars had most frequently been lost. Differences between
      the sexes concerning amount and pattern of lost teeth were small.

PMID- 6581004
TI  - Tooth mortality in a selected population in Leeds, UK.
AB  - Two previous studies of tooth mortality of similar populations were conducted in
      1964 and 1969. The study was therefore repeated in 1982 to assess any discernible
      trends. It was found that there has been a marked reduction in mortality rates
      amongst all teeth except premolars in the younger age groups. The reduction was
      attributed to an improved dental service in conjunction with an increased public
      awareness of matters relating to dental health. The rise in mortality of
      premolars was correlated to the increased practice of orthodontics which demanded
      the relief of crowding.

PMID- 6581005
TI  - Prevalence of oral leukoplakia in Havana City, Cuba.
AB  - A survey related to the detection of precancerous lesions of the oral cavity has
      been done in Cuba for the first time. The sample comprised 749 randomly selected
      workers from Havana City Province, taking into account the census records of the
      Cuban population up to 1979. Prevalence of lesions and their relation to age, sex
      and predisposing factors, such as smoking, alcohol habits and mechanical trauma
      were studied. 4.4% of leukoplakia and preleukoplakia considered together and 2.1%
      leukoplakia alone, and two cases of oral lichen planus and leukokeratosis
      nicotina palati (0.1% of each) were found. The former lesions were more
      frequently encountered in people above 50 years old, specially in males and
      specifically among those who had smoked for more than 10 years. Sites of location
      most frequently encountered were the buccal mucosa and the labial commissures.

PMID- 6581006
TI  - An improved method of using polymeric-reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol in the
      treatment of furcations.

PMID- 6581007
TI  - The pharmacologic aspects of emergency drugs in dental practice.

PMID- 6581009
TI  - Informed consent: theory and practice.

PMID- 6581008
TI  - Mesiodens and supernumerary central incisors: early diagnosis and treatment to
      avoid extensive orthodontic treatment--two cases.

PMID- 6581010
TI  - Airway pressure measurement during high frequency oscillatory ventilation.
AB  - We developed a method to measure accurately pressures at the airway opening (Pao)
      and in the trachea (Ptr) in neonates during high frequency oscillatory
      ventilation (HFOV) from 15-30 Hz. All component parts of the pressure-measuring
      system were tested as a unit against a reference transducer in a closed chamber
      in which sinusoidal pressure waves could be generated. The resulting waveforms
      were displayed on an oscilloscope and measured. Ptr was measured through the
      intramural lumen of a Hi-Lo jet tracheal tube (National Catheter Co., Argyle, NY)
      opening 1 cm above the distal tip. Pressure readings from uncorrected waveforms
      indicated a discrepancy between measured and actual pressures, as high as 100% at
      frequencies of 100 Hz. When the resonance of the system was damped with a
      CorrecTORR (Norton Health Care Products, Akron, OH), the ratio of test to
      reference transducer output was flat +/- 5% from 0-160 Hz for the Pao system and
      flat +/- 4% from 0-100 Hz for the Ptr system. Ptr system accuracy was verified in
      an excised rabbit lung and the systems were used clinically in neonatal HFOV. We
      conclude that Pao and Ptr can be measured accurately during HFOV by this method.

PMID- 6581011
TI  - [Dentistry and identification: use of the Interpol forms].

PMID- 6581012
TI  - [Oral health in Peru. My teeth? I don't know!].

PMID- 6581013
TI  - [The case for pulp mummification in the treatment of multirooted teeth].

PMID- 6581014
TI  - [The place of extractions in periodontal treatment: evaluation].

PMID- 6581015
TI  - [Use of angiography in hemangioma of the maxillofacial region---clinical study of
      70 cases].

PMID- 6581016
TI  - [Determination of certain constituents of the saliva of normal men and caries
      patients].

PMID- 6581017
TI  - [Effects of 60Co irradiation on dento-gnathic system of rats].

PMID- 6581018
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of tumors and tumor-like lesions of the thyroid gland in
      the oral and maxillofacial region---report of 81 cases].

PMID- 6581019
TI  - [Evaluation of hand-wrist radiographs as an indicator of the adolescent spurt of
      growth].

PMID- 6581020
TI  - [Short- and long-term observation of fractured impacted wisdom teeth retained in
      the socket].

PMID- 6581021
TI  - [Familial oligodontia with ectodermal dysplasia: a sex-linked recessive
      hereditary disease].

PMID- 6581022
TI  - [Treatment of nonviable immature permanent teeth with a zinc oxide eugenol
      iodoform paste].

PMID- 6581023
TI  - [Determination and analysis of immunological indicators in patients with
      recurrent oral ulceration].

PMID- 6581024
TI  - [Preliminary report on fluoridation of Guangzhou water supply in preventing
      dental caries].

PMID- 6581025
TI  - [Clinicopathological analysis of calcified odontogenic cyst].

PMID- 6581026
TI  - [High frequency diathermocoagulation and injection of Ku Tuo Ji in the treatment
      of hemangiomas---report of 250 cases].

PMID- 6581027
TI  - [Sarcoidosis of the maxillofacial and cervical regions---report of 24 cases].

PMID- 6581028
TI  - [Analysis of a survey on leukoplakia of the oral mucosa in 58,850 persons in
      Tianjin].

PMID- 6581029
TI  - [Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome---report of 4 cases].

PMID- 6581030
TI  - [Late onset type of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis---report of 3 cases].

PMID- 6581031
TI  - [Supplementary root therapy of the upper lateral incisor].

PMID- 6581032
TI  - [Diagnosis and prosthodontic treatment of congenital ectodermal dysplasia with
      anodontia].

PMID- 6581033
TI  - [Determination of fluoride, phosphorus and calcium in teeth after fluoridation of
      water supply].

PMID- 6581034
TI  - [Copper-rich dental silver-mercury amalgam].

PMID- 6581035
TI  - [Observation on the changes of prostaglandin E and F2 alpha contents of the
      plasma and pleural effusion in patients with bronchial asthma, chronic cor
      pulmonale and pleurisy].

PMID- 6581036
TI  - Diflunisal protects human gastric mucosa against damage by indomethacin.
AB  - Mild irritants have been shown to protect the rat gastric mucosa from damage by
      the subsequent administration of necrotizing agents. The purpose of this study
      was to determine if a low concentration of a salicyclic acid analog (8 mM
      diflunisal) was capable of protecting human gastric mucosa from the damage
      induced by topical indomethacin. Healthy young volunteers were studied in three
      separate experiments in which gastric transmucosal PD was used as an index of
      mucosal integrity. In study I (10 subjects) 20 mM aspirin and 2 mM indomethacin
      were shown to induce a significant (P less than 0.025) fall in PD of 15% and 10%,
      respectively. In study II (10 subjects) 20 mM diflunisal was found to produce no
      significant fall in PD nor any reduction in gastric juice PGE2. In study III (5
      subjects) 8 mM diflunisal, given 15 min before 2 mM indomethacin, prevented the
      fall in PD caused by indomethacin alone. These studies demonstrate that in
      humans, 8 mM diflunisal protects the mucosa from injury induced by the subsequent
      administration of a known damaging agent. It is possible that the mechanism of
      this protection may be by stimulation of endogenous mucosal prostaglandins.

PMID- 6581037
TI  - Protective effects of prostaglandins against ulcerogenic activity of indomethacin
      during different stages of erosion development in rat stomach. Role of acid and
      bicarbonate secretion.
AB  - Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGF2 beta decreased the gastric erosive activity of
      orally administered indomethacin in a dose-dependent manner, when given as a
      continuous intravenous infusion in the conscious rat. PGE2 protected both during
      the initial stage of erosion induction and during the later outgrowth to larger
      erosions. Moreover PGE2 was able to stop the eroding process at any stage as long
      as the infusion continued. Both PGs were protective only in doses which also
      reduced the histamine-stimulated acid secretion. PGE2 protected the stomach
      against indomethacin-induced erosions even in the presence of exogenously
      administered acid. An infusion of PGE2 stimulated the secretion of bicarbonate in
      the stomach during some minutes but had no effect during prolonged infusion.
      These results suggest that, although effects on secretion of acid and bicarbonate
      were found, these effects cannot be the (only) explanation for the cytoprotective
      effects observed. Furthermore the protective effect of PGE2 is not confined to
      any specific stage of the development of indomethacin-induced gastric injury.

PMID- 6581039
TI  - [The prognostic significance of pathology of osteogenic sarcoma].

PMID- 6581038
TI  - Colonic transport of water and electrolytes in a patient with secretory diarrhea
      due to collagenous colitis.
AB  - Whole colon perfusion studies and measurements of luminal prostaglandin E2 were
      carried out in a 41-year-old female with collagenous colitis to investigate
      pathophysiological mechanisms for the diarrhea. Biopsies of the colorectal mucosa
      had revealed a continuous 25- to 60-micron subepithelial collagenous layer, but
      normal junctional complexes and capillaries. When the patient fasted, the
      diarrhea persisted and fecal electrolytes, as estimated from the concentration of
      sodium, potassium, and their anions, accounted for all the osmolality (284
      mosm/kg) of stool water, the pH of which was above 8.0. The lumen-negative
      electrical potential difference in the rectum was -64 mV vs -45 +/- 2 mV (mean +/
      SEM) in healthy controls. Profuse secretion of fluid and electrolytes occurred
      during colonic perfusion with saline. Transport of sodium appeared to be passive
      with flux ratios equal to those predicted for passive sodium movements, while
      chloride transport against a steep electrical gradient indicated active
      secretion. Perfusion with an "ileal output"-like solution decreased fluid and
      electrolyte secretion, suggesting that bicarbonate, in addition to chloride, may
      be a major determinant of secretion rates. Since immunoreactive prostaglandin E2
      levels following in vivo equilibrium dialysis of feces ranged from 555 to 650
      pg/ml vs 55 to 235 pg/ml (99% confidence limits) in healthy controls, it is
      speculated that prostaglandins synthesized locally in response to mucosal hypoxia
      might be the mediators of anion secretion.

PMID- 6581040
TI  - [DNA methylation in T3 and T7 phages by DNA-adenine methylases of various types
      and methylase EcoK ocR+ by protein].

PMID- 6581041
TI  - A high affinity inhibitor of pituitary progesterone 5 alpha-reductase.
AB  - The capacity of the 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone analog, 4-aza-4-methyl-5 alpha
      pregnane-3,20-dione (AMPD), to inhibit progesterone 5 alpha-reductase and both 5
      alpha-dihydroprogesterone 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activities (NADPH
      and NADH-linked) from the female rat anterior pituitary has been investigated.
      Dose response studies demonstrate that AMPD is a powerful inhibitor of pituitary
      progesterone 5 alpha-reduction but is ineffective at inhibiting either of the 3
      alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activities, even at concentrations up to 10
      microM. A kinetic analysis of the interaction of AMPD with progesterone 5 alpha
      reductase indicates that it is a competitive inhibitor vs. progesterone [Kislope
      = 7.2 +/- 0.6 nM; apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) (progesterone) = 193 +/
      18 nM] and an uncompetitive inhibitor vs. NADPH (Kiintercept = 17.9 +/- 1.4 nM).
      These inhibition patterns are consistent with the view that NADPH binding
      precedes that of either AMPD or progesterone. Furthermore, AMPD does not appear
      to be an irreversible inhibitor since preincubation of the enzyme (at 37 C) with
      AMPD and NADPH, for periods of time up to 60 min, does not lead to a time
      dependent loss of activity. The inhibition can also be readily removed by
      dilution, even after a 60-min preincubation with the inhibitor and NADPH. It is
      postulated that the selective and potent inhibition of the 5 alpha-reduction of
      progesterone by AMPD may be due to the steroid functioning as a transition state
      analog. This inhibitor should prove useful in studying the properties of
      progesterone 5 alpha-reductase and the function of anterior pituitary progestin
      metabolism.

PMID- 6581042
TI  - Comparative aspects of prostatic growth and androgen metabolism with aging in the
      dog versus the rat.
AB  - In untreated rats and dogs, there is a species-specific time period when
      proliferative growth of the prostate normally occurs during which the gland grows
      to its maximum normal cellular content. In both species, after the prostate has
      reached its maximum normal cellular content, which requires 1 yr for the rat and
      2 yr for the dog, net proliferative prostatic growth ceases and is replaced by a
      steady state maintenance of the gland. When 2-yr-old dogs with starting prostates
      already at their maximum normal cellular content are subsequently treated for 4
      months with dihydrotestosterone (DHT), such treatment induces an additional 2
      fold abnormal proliferative increase in prostatic cell number above that seen in
      normal glands from untreated dogs of any age. In direct contrast to the dog, when
      rats are treated with exogenous DHT for as long as 650 days, such treatment
      cannot induce any abnormal overgrowth of the gland above the maximum size
      normally obtained by 365 days of life in untreated control rats. Studies of
      prostatic androgen metabolism suggest that the differential susceptibility of the
      dog and rat prostate to DHT-induced abnormal hyperplasia is related to the
      differential ability of DHT treatment to increase the gland's ability for net DHT
      formation. This suggestion is based upon the fact that only in the DHT-treated
      dog, and not the rat, can such DHT treatment induce changes in several of the
      prostatic activities of DHT metabolism resulting in a 2.5-fold increase in the
      gland's overall ability for net DHT formation. These results indicate that
      changes in prostatic DHT metabolism which result in an increased prostatic
      ability for net DHT formation may be essential in abnormal hyperplasia of the
      prostate.

PMID- 6581043
TI  - Casein kinase activity in rat mammary gland Golgi vesicles. Phosphorylation of
      endogenous caseins.
AB  - A Golgi vesicle preparation isolated from the mammary tissue of rats in mid
      lactation has been shown to contain the caseins of rat milk. These proteins were
      phosphorylated when the Golgi vesicles were incubated in the presence of [gamma
      32P]ATP. Although this phosphorylation occurred when the physical integrity of
      the vesicles was maintained, it was markedly increased when the membrane
      structure was disrupted by hypoosmotic conditions or by use of detergents. The
      kinase responsible has been shown to be responsive to the intravesicular
      concentration of Ca2+ and to the extravesicular concentration of Mg2+. These
      results have been interpreted in terms of a model suggesting a transmembrane
      location for the enzyme with binding sites on the cytosolic membrane face for
      Mg2+ and possibly also for ATP and on the luminal surface for Ca2+ and the
      caseins. Others have postulated that the assembly of caseins into micelles occurs
      in Golgi vesicles and requires both prior phosphorylation of the proteins and the
      presence of Ca2+. In this investigation we demonstrate that treatments which
      increase the intravesicular casein phosphorylation also alter the Ca2+ balance
      within the vesicle lumen. These results are discussed in relation to the ATP
      dependent accumulation of Ca2+ by the mammary gland Golgi vesicles.

PMID- 6581044
TI  - Cardiac gallium citrate concentration.
AB  - Cardiac accumulation of 67Ga was noted in a 45 year old black female with a
      history of fever and shortness of breath. Cardiac 67Ga uptake has been uncommonly
      cited and we report such a finding in a case of Cox sackie B viral pericarditis.

PMID- 6581045
TI  - Massive splenomegaly with multiple defects in a chronic myelogenous leukemia
      demonstrated by 99mTc-sulfur colloid scintigraphy.
AB  - A 99mTc-sulfur colloid liver-spleen scintigram of a 78-year-old woman with a
      painful, large mass in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen revealed massive
      splenomegaly with multiple areas of absent radioactivity. Splenectomy was
      performed and the removed spleen, weighting 2,010 g, was confirmed to contain
      acute and old infarcts with leukemic cell and megakaryocyte infiltration.

PMID- 6581046
TI  - Effect of prostaglandins E1, E2, and F2 alpha on the electric activity of the
      sphincter of Oddi in living rabbit.
AB  - The effect of prostaglandins (PGs), i.e. PGE1, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha (0.5-32
      micrograms/kg), on the electrical activity of the rabbit sphincter of Oddi was
      studied in vivo. PGs were injected intravenously as a bolus and electrical
      activity of the sphincter and the duodenum was recorded before and during 15 min
      after the injection. Variations in biliary pressure were also studied at the same
      time. PGE1 strongly decreased the activity of the sphincter and biliary pressure
      which were both increased by PGF2 alpha. Both PGE1 and PGF2 alpha showed a dose
      response curve of Michaelis-Menten type. Unexpectedly PGE2 increased at first
      then decreased electrical activity but not significantly. These effects appeared
      very early after intravenous injection and were evident with low doses.

PMID- 6581047
TI  - Failure of 5-methoxytryptamine to evoke the Bezold-Jarisch effect supports
      homology of excitatory 5-HT receptors on vagal afferents and postganglionic
      sympathetic neurones.

PMID- 6581048
TI  - Longitudinal changes in facial type in cases with vertical and horizontal
      mandibular growth directions.

PMID- 6581049
TI  - Discontinuities in occlusal relationship and the regulation of facial growth. A
      cybernetic view.

PMID- 6581050
TI  - The effect of atopy on the dentition.

PMID- 6581051
TI  - The effects of lymphadenoid hypertrophy on the position of the tongue, the
      mandible and the hyoid bone.

PMID- 6581052
TI  - A comparison of orthodontic services in England and Wales, the Netherlands and
      Scandinavia.

PMID- 6581053
TI  - Comparison between a zinc phosphate cement and a glass ionomer cement for
      cementation of orthodontic bands.

PMID- 6581054
TI  - The morphological effects on the rat mandibular condyle of section of the lateral
      pterygoid muscle.

PMID- 6581055
TI  - Fenoterol inhalation powder and aerosol.
AB  - The effect of 0.2 mg of fenoterol inhalation powder and 0.2 mg fenoterol from a
      metered dose inhaler were compared in a double-dummy, cross-over investigation.
      Ten patients with chronic obstructive lung disease entered the study, which
      showed no statistically significant difference between the effect of these two
      forms of the drug on lung function and pulse rate for a period of up to 6 hours
      after the inhalation of fenoterol. The patients considered the inhalation of
      powder by means of a commercial inhaler, the Ingelheim inhaler, was simple.

PMID- 6581056
TI  - Patient errors and preference with regard to the use of a bronchodilating spray
      and fenoterol (Berotec) powder.
AB  - The investigation compares the errors in using a bronchodilating spray and
      fenoterol powder for inhalation, it also determines the patient preference with
      regard to the preparation. Of 76 patients with obstructive lung disease, 15 (19,
      7%) used the spray incorrectly, relatively many of them were elderly women. The
      most important cause was coordination problems. Only four had difficulty with the
      powder preparation. Forty-two patients preferred the spray providing the effects
      of both agents were equally good. Twenty-six preferred the powder and eight had
      no preference. The preference for powder was relatively greater among elderly
      women and among these patients who had not previously used a spray. It is
      concluded that the majority of earlier users of spray prefer this form of
      treatment and that instruction in the correct use of a spray is essential. The
      powder preparation is particularly advantageous for patients with coordination
      problems of various types.

PMID- 6581057
TI  - Optimal inhalation procedure for the fenoterol powder inhaler.
AB  - To assess the optimal inhalation procedure of a fenoterol (Berotec) powder
      inhaler, the degree of reversibility of lung function impairment was studied in
      10 patients with stable asthma after 1) deposition of 0.2 mg fenoterol under the
      tongue, 2) a rapid inhalation from residual volume (RV) to total lung capacity
      (TLC), and 3) a slow inhalation from functional residual capacity (FRC) to TLC.
      There was no effect on FEV1 of depositing fenoterol under the tongue, but both
      inhalation menoeuvres improved FEV1 significantly (p less than 0.01) and the
      rapid inspiration manoeuvre even slightly more (p less than 0.05) than the slow.
      It is concluded that the problem of impaction of large particles in the mouth and
      pharynx following rapid inhalation from a conventional pressurized cannister is
      considerably reduced with the fenoterol powder inhaler, due to the resistance it
      causes which tend to automatically reduce a forced inspiration flow rate to
      optimal low values.

PMID- 6581058
TI  - Experience with the inhalation of Berotec powder in the treatment of asthma in
      children.

PMID- 6581059
TI  - The use of fenoterol powder for the treatment of children with asthma.

PMID- 6581060
TI  - Acceptance of fenoterol powder for inhalation in children with bronchial asthma.
AB  - Eighteen children with perennial bronchial asthma, aged 10.3 years, were studied
      with respect to their attitude to inhalation of fenoterol, a beta 2-agonist, in
      powder form. Treatment with fenoterol powder was performed for three months and
      questionnaires were answered after one respectively three months. Almost all
      children showed a positive attitude towards handling capsules and inhaler.
      Inhaling fenoterol powder was well accepted and the effect of the powder on
      asthma symptoms was regarded as good. Although the positive attitude to continue
      with powder inhalations declined somewhat at the end of the observation period,
      fenoterol powder for inhalation seemed to be well accepted by children.

PMID- 6581061
TI  - Addition of a spacer device as an alternative in treatment with a metered
      inhaler.
AB  - The effects of 50 + 50 + 100 + 200 micrograms of fenoterol, inhaled from a
      conventional metered dose inhaler and a metered dose inhaler with an attached
      spacer device, a tube extension provided with a valve, the so-called aerochamber,
      respectively, were evaluated in a cumulative dose response study. There were no
      significant difference in the effect on the lung function or the side-effects
      following inhalation from the metered dose inhaler with or without an
      aerochamber.

PMID- 6581062
TI  - Fenoterol inhalation powder as an alternative to treatment with the metered dose
      inhaler.
AB  - Nine adult asthmatics took part in a cumulative dose response comparison of
      fenoterol (Berotec) inhalation powder and fenoterol metered dose inhaler. The
      study was carried out as a double-blind investigation using a double-dummy
      technique. No significant difference was observed in the lung function, in tremor
      or pulse rate on comparison of the two modes of administration. It is concluded
      that fenoterol inhalation powder is an effective and freon-free alternative to
      the metered dose inhaler.

PMID- 6581063
TI  - A cumulative dose response study for the comparison of the effect of inhalation
      of two dose sequences of fenoterol inhalation powder.
AB  - The effect of inhalation of two dose sequences of fenoterol inhalation powder
      were compared in a double-blind cumulative dose response investigation. Nine
      patients with stable asthma participated in the study. In dose sequence I, 50 +
      50 + 100 + 200 micrograms of fenoterol powder were inhaled and in dose sequence
      II, 200 + 50 + 50 + 50 micrograms fenoterol inhalation powder. There was no
      significant difference in the effect on lung function or tremor at any point
      following the two methods of inhalation.

PMID- 6581064
TI  - Ventilation effects of fenoterol powder and freon-propelled aerosol in patients
      with asthma.
AB  - The efficacy of fenoterol powder (Berotec, Boehringer-Ingelheim) was investigated
      in ten patients with moderate or severe asthma. Double-blind comparison to
      placebo powder showed a significant difference (p less than 0.05) between 30 to
      180 min after a single dose of 0.2 mg. There was no difference between fenoterol
      powder and aerosol (0.2 mg). No adverse effects were encountered.

PMID- 6581065
TI  - A comparison of fenoterol powder capsules and fenoterol metered dose spray in
      bronchial asthma.
AB  - In the present investigation the effect of fenoterol powder for inhalation has
      been compared to that of fenoterol spray in 20 adult patients with reversible
      obstructive lung disease. No difference could be demonstrated between the two
      forms of the drug in a randomized cross-over study. Neither was it possible to
      demonstrate any difference between the two preparations following the use of the
      drug at home over a minimum of four days, with regard to daily PEF registration
      and symptom scores. Nine of the patients preferred spray, six powder.

PMID- 6581066
TI  - [Causes and incidence of loss of permanent teeth].

PMID- 6581067
TI  - [Prosthodontic rehabilitation of phonation and feeding problems in patients with
      microstomia].

PMID- 6581068
TI  - [Histological study of resected roots after endodontic treatment].

PMID- 6581070
TI  - Public education. The ultimate goal of the FDEF.

PMID- 6581069
TI  - [Effect of histamine and prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha on the electrical
      activity of stomach cells in the rat].
AB  - The effect of Ca ions on electrical responses of gastric gland cells to histamine
      and prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha was studied using intracellular glass
      microelectrodes. The hyperpolarization evoked by histamine and prostaglandin F2
      alpha was decreased in hypocalcium solutions and did not occur in Ca-free
      solution. The Ca ions seem to be necessary for the hyperpolarization responses of
      gastric gland cells to histamine and prostaglandins.

PMID- 6581071
TI  - The three "R's" of malpractice prevention.

PMID- 6581072
TI  - Hair analysis raises questions.

PMID- 6581073
TI  - The role of occlusion in periodontal disease and therapy.

PMID- 6581074
TI  - Communication styles and job effectiveness.

PMID- 6581075
TI  - Creating a supportive work environment.

PMID- 6581077
TI  - Proposed standards for the accreditation of education programs for and the
      credentialing of dental assistants.

PMID- 6581078
TI  - NADL gets new leadership: a professional's professional. Interview by Markus
      Ring.

PMID- 6581076
TI  - Helping the anxious patient: the role of the dental assistant.

PMID- 6581079
TI  - 'Internal' marketing produces profits. Interview by Carl M. Caplan.

PMID- 6581080
TI  - Dental laboratory health hazards.

PMID- 6581081
TI  - Buying a marginal business is risky, but credit, capital, and common sense can
      lead to success.

PMID- 6581082
TI  - Dental hygiene utilization in orthodontics.

PMID- 6581083
TI  - Nitrous oxide.

PMID- 6581084
TI  - Review of currently recommended aseptic procedures. I. Dental operatory
      contamination.

PMID- 6581085
TI  - What is a randomized sample?

PMID- 6581086
TI  - A dental hygienist in the hospital.

PMID- 6581087
TI  - Resin restoration. Factors affecting clinical performance.
AB  - This article reviewed the significant factors affecting clinical performance of
      resin restorations: cavity design and manipulation. The appropriate selection of
      the specific material should be based on the clinical situation, and the types
      and characteristics of resins available.

PMID- 6581088
TI  - The mechanism and management of dental cervical sensitivity.

PMID- 6581089
TI  - Plan now for success in 1984.

PMID- 6581090
TI  - Municipal bonds. Drop or swap?

PMID- 6581091
TI  - Watch for traps and new rules in the tax jungle.

PMID- 6581092
TI  - It couldn't happen to me!

PMID- 6581093
TI  - The embouchure: hazards and aids for brass wind instrument players.

PMID- 6581094
TI  - The scanning electron microscope: familiar objects at high magnification.

PMID- 6581095
TI  - Iatrogenic disorders and informed consent.

PMID- 6581096
TI  - Inhalation sedation.

PMID- 6581097
TI  - A practical guide to pulp canal therapy. 2. Pulpal anatomy.

PMID- 6581099
TI  - Soft tissue lesions in children: 3. Tumours and cysts.

PMID- 6581098
TI  - Dental pain. 4. The design of analgesic trials.

PMID- 6581100
TI  - Dental health education--the need for a broader view.

PMID- 6581101
TI  - Restorative treatment of a bilateral open bite.

PMID- 6581102
TI  - A hospital-based emergency dental service.

PMID- 6581103
TI  - Training a new DSA.

PMID- 6581104
TI  - A practical guide to pulp canal therapy. 3. Instruments and materials.

PMID- 6581105
TI  - Prescribing and drug use in general dental practice. 1. Principles.

PMID- 6581106
TI  - Soft tissue lesions in children: 4. Miscellaneous conditions.

PMID- 6581107
TI  - HLA-DR antigens and diabetic nephropathy.

PMID- 6581108
TI  - Adverse effects with isotretinoin.

PMID- 6581109
TI  - [Splenectomy in chronic granulocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6581110
TI  - [Gastric localization indicating the development of an acute form of subacute
      myelomonocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6581111
TI  - [Case of the transformation of erythremia into chronic myeloleukemia].

PMID- 6581112
TI  - [Basic principles of the ambulatory care of patients with leukemia].

PMID- 6581113
TI  - [Stage system of the classification of somatic well-being and ambulatory care of
      patients with chronic leukemia].

PMID- 6581114
TI  - [Preliminary criteria for the evaluation of work capacity in chronic leukemia].

PMID- 6581115
TI  - Comparison of the effects of nicardipine and nifedipine on isolated human
      myometrium.
AB  - The effects of nicardipine, a calcium-entry blocker which also has a potent
      phosphodiesterase inhibitory action, were investigated on isolated human term
      pregnant and nonpregnant myometrium, and compared with those of nifedipine. Both
      drugs relaxed pregnant and nonpregnant myometrial preparations contracted by
      potassium (127 mM), and also reduced or abolished contractions occurring
      spontaneously, or induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha, oxytocin and vasopressin.
      However, the effect of nicardipine had a slower onset of action than that of
      nifedipine, and the drug was significantly more potent than nifedipine is at
      least as effective as nifedipine. If the differences between the drugs can be
      reproduced also in vivo, nicardipine offers an interesting alternative to
      nifedipine for inhibition of undesired uterine activity.

PMID- 6581116
TI  - [Fibrositis].

PMID- 6581117
TI  - Questions addressed regarding new hospice program.

PMID- 6581118
TI  - On the identity of arylsulphatase C and steroid sulphatase.

PMID- 6581119
TI  - Presence of HLA-DR antigen on synovial type A and B cells: an immunoelectron
      microscopic study in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and normal traumatic
      joints.
AB  - The HLA-DR antigen was investigated in synovial epithelia of rheumatoid
      arthritis, osteoarthritis and normal traumatic joints, using monoclonal anti
      human HLA-DR antibody and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated antibody. The HLA-DR
      staining was observed in an electron microscope. HLA-DR antigen was observed to
      be present on the surface of both macrophage-like (type A) and fibroblast-like
      (type B) cells in synovial epithelia in all rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis
      and normal joints. Since type A and B cells are ultrastructurally considered to
      be of synovial origin, the findings suggest that the expression of HLA-DR antigen
      on the surface is one of the common attributes of type A and B cells in synovial
      epithelia, even before cellular infiltration of chronic inflammation in
      rheumatoid arthritis. These cells may play an important role in the initiation of
      rheumatoid inflammation, since HLA-DR antigen is considered equivalent to murine
      Ia antigen.

PMID- 6581121
TI  - Terminal differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia.

PMID- 6581120
TI  - Structural polymorphism of the DC1 light chains from DR1-, DR2-, and DRw6
      positive cell lines.
AB  - The heavy and light chain subunits of the DC1 antigen from several cell lines
      expressing different DR specificities were compared by two-dimensional (2-D) gel
      electrophoresis. The DC1 light chains from cell lines typed as DR1, DR2, or DRw6
      differed in their isoelectric points. No difference in charge was observed for
      the DC1 heavy chain from the three cell lines. The DC1 light chains from
      different DRw6-positive cell lines were also found to be structurally
      polymorphic. The DRw6 cell lines examined did not all express the same DR-like
      light chains, indicating that the DRw6 specificity is biochemically complex,
      which is in agreement with the serologic studies of others.

PMID- 6581122
TI  - Demonstration of MISFI (molecules immunologically similar to fibrinogen) and
      fibrinogen antibody in various pathological studies using counter
      immunoelectrophoresis.

PMID- 6581123
TI  - Essential hypertension: improved differentiation by the temperature dependence of
      Li efflux in erythrocytes.
AB  - Kinetic and thermodynamic properties of red cell lithium (Li) efflux were
      examined in patients with essential hypertension; the maximal rate of Li efflux
      as affected by temperature was measured at the range of 12 degrees to 42 degrees
      C. Fifty-two patients with essential hypertension and 22 normotensives were
      studied. The mean Li efflux, both into sodium (Na) medium and Li-Na
      countertransport, was higher in hypertensive than in normotensive persons, but
      the distinction between the two groups was limited by extended scatter and
      overlap. The distinction could be markedly improved by determining the effect of
      temperature on Li efflux. While all the normotensives exhibited Arrhenius plots
      of Li efflux with a change in slope ("break") around 30 degrees C, the
      corresponding "break" for most (75%) of the hypertensives was about 20 degrees C.
      Consideration of both the rate and the temperature dependence of Li efflux
      further improved the differentiation of hypertensive patients. Analysis of
      normotensive offspring of hypertensives and of patients with secondary
      hypertension indicates that the temperature dependence of Li efflux may serve as
      a genetic marker for essential hypertension.

PMID- 6581126
TI  - Age: a barrier to oral surgery?
AB  - As a result of major advances in the management of disease, life span has been
      greatly extended and with it there has been a significant increase in the
      geriatric population requiring oral surgery. Of major concern to the practitioner
      is the proper treatment of such patients. Modifications in preoperative,
      intraoperative and postoperative care are required for the management of these
      individuals and have to be related to the physiologic, psychologic and pathologic
      changes occurring in the elderly. When appropriate precautions are taken age
      should not be a barrier to successful oral surgery.

PMID- 6581125
TI  - Severe hypertension in the Spanish population. Association with specific HLA
      antigens.
AB  - There is now increasing evidence for immunological changes in essential
      hypertension. Immunological response is determined in part by genes linked to the
      HLA system. It has been reported a positive association between HLA B15 and the
      risk for cerebral events in essential hypertensive (EH) patients. We studied the
      distribution of HLA antigens in 128 EH (age range, 13-85 years) and 1000
      normotensive controls. EH were classified in accordance with the World Health
      Organization (WHO) criteria: in WHO Stages I and II, there were 100 patients; in
      WHO Stage III, there were 28 patients. HLA-A and B antigens of peripheral blood
      lymphocytes were studied according to the microlymphocytotoxicity test. The
      results were compared by chi-square analysis, and the p value was multiplied by
      the number of antigens studied at each locus, to avoid overestimation of an
      association. Frequency of HLA-BW 22 was higher in EH compared with controls (5.4%
      vs 1.2%, p less than 0.01). Frequency of HLA-B12 in EH with WHO Stage III
      hypertension (64.2%) was significantly increased compared either with EH in WHO
      Stage I or II (29%, p less than 0.01) or the control group (26.9% p less than
      0.001). The incidence of HLA-B15 antigen in the whole hypertensive group was
      3.1%, lower than in normotensive controls (6.4%, p less than 0.8). None of the
      patients with WHO Stage III hypertension had the HLA-B15 antigen. In conclusion,
      the results seemed to indicated that the Spanish population had an association
      between HLA-B12 and severe hypertension.

PMID- 6581124
TI  - Impaired catecholamine inactivation. A prohypertensive stimulus after dietary
      linoleate deficiency in salt-loaded rats?
AB  - Experiments were carried out on salt-loaded rats (1.5% NaCl as drinking fluid) to
      further explore the mechanisms by which blood pressure increases after a linoleic
      acid-deficient (LAd) diet. In 4-week-old LAd rats (0.5 cal% LA, hydrogenated palm
      kernel fat) compared to linoleic acid-rich rats (LAr, 13.3 cal% LA, sunflower
      oil), we observed, from the base of a reduced content of omega-6-polyunsaturated
      fatty acids in the tissues, an increase in blood pressure by 12 mm Hg (p less
      than 0.001), a diminished formation of prostaglandin E (PGE), and an unchanged
      formation of PGF in the aorta as well as a reduction in the in vitro uptake of
      14C-norepinephrine into cardiac, aortic, and renal tissues, and a reduced
      degradation rate of 14C-norepinephrine in cardiac tissue. These differences in
      LAr vs LAd rats were not exaggerated. With respect to aortic PGE formation, 14C
      norepinephrine uptake into aortic and renal tissues and 14C-norepinephrine
      degradation even lessened when the diet was begun prenatally, although the
      reduction of omega 6-polyunsaturated fatty acids in the tissues was aggravated.
      Our conclusion is that a fault in catecholamine inactivation may be involved in
      the pathogenesis of increased sympathetic activity and blood pressure elevation
      in LAd-fed, salt-loaded rats, possibly via alterations of endogenous prostanoid
      formation.

PMID- 6581127
TI  - Diseases of the oral mucosa in the aged patient.
AB  - A wide variety of diseases of the oral mucosa may occur in the aged patient. The
      majority arise primarily in the oral cavity. Some, however, are manifestations of
      generalized diseases. Based on his dental and medical education and with the help
      of several good atlases (Strassburg and Knolle, 1968; Pindborg, 1980) and
      textbooks of oral pathology (Shafer et al., 1974; Lucas, 1976) the dentist should
      be able to recognize most of the lesions warranting intervention.

PMID- 6581128
TI  - Conservative management of degenerative temporomandibular joint disease in the
      elderly.
AB  - Degenerative arthropathy and rheumatoid disease produce significant morbidity in
      elderly dental patients. Clinical and radiographic examination usually indicates
      the nature and extent of the disease in the temporomandibular joints and provides
      the basis for graduated treatment. Conservative measures are generally more
      acceptable and most successful in the elderly patient with pain, limitation of
      opening and grating of the joint. Acute-onset arthritis is relieved by local
      anaesthetics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and occlusal adjustment.
      Occasionally, intra-articular steroids are needed; these provide prolonged relief
      from pain and stiffness. Remedial exercises, in conjunction with physical
      therapy, should be continued after resolution of the acute attack or used as
      primary treatment for chronic arthropathy. A small proportion of cases remain
      resistant to conservative treatment; blind condylotomy (surgical sectioning) of
      the affected condylar neck is a safe, effective procedure for refractory cases
      which do not respond to the conservative regimen described. This procedure may be
      used for degenerative arthropathy and also for chronic dislocation which has
      failed to respond to peri-articular injection of sclerosing agents. Rheumatoid
      disease in the jaw should be treated in conjunction with the medical therapist
      when other joints are involved.

PMID- 6581130
TI  - Long term results with intraosseous implants: a questionnaire-based assessment.
AB  - The results of an FDI questionnaire-based survey involving dentists from five
      countries reporting on 507 implants were compared with those of similar surveys
      on implantations conducted by the American Dental Association in 1977 and
      subsequent years. There were questions on retention time, materials used and
      types of implants; of the 1024 recorded implants, the loss rate was calculated at
      16.5 per cent. This rate was compared with those found in objective follow-up
      investigations reported in the literature (total 695 implants) and a realistic
      loss rate of approximately 16 per cent, was confirmed.

PMID- 6581129
TI  - Cellular responses to implant materials: biological, physical and chemical
      factors.
AB  - Adhesion of bone and epithelial cells to the dental implant are vital to its
      retention in alveolar bone and to the prevention of infection via its 'gingival'
      margin. Studies of cytotoxicity, tissue irritability and carcinogenicity of
      implantable polymers, metals and ceramics and of tissue adhesion to them have
      been carried out in tissue culture and in animal experiments. The more similar
      the polymeric materials are chemically to living tissue the more easily are they
      dissolved and digested in the host. Therefore, implant materials having a
      molecular structure similar to protein or polysaccharide, e.g. Nylon, cannot be
      expected to function. On the other hand, silicones, polyethylene and Teflon
      (polytetrafluroethylene), which have molecular structures completely different
      from living substances, are generally more stable in the tissues. However, these
      polymers are hydrophobic and have little adhesion to living cells in spite of
      their high stability. They are not, therefore, suitable materials for the
      construction of implants. Studies on antithrombotic polymers have demonstrated
      the possibility of creating implantable polymers which have high stability as
      well as strong adhesion to the surrounding tissues. These properties may be
      conferred by grafting a hydrophilic polymer on to the surface of a hydrophobic
      polymer. Of the metals, Ti, Zr and Ta are fairly stable in living tissue, and
      allow cells to adhere strongly. Alloys of Co-Cr-Mo, Fe-Ni-Cr-Mo, Ti-Al-V, Ti-Mo,
      Ti-Pd and Ti-Pt deserve to be better evaluated because they are low in density,
      have high mechanical strength, stability and corrosion resistance in living
      tissue, and there is direct adhesion to the surrounding tissues. Biodegradable or
      bioactive ceramics which induce bone formation around the implant do not have
      sufficient mechanical strength. Implant ceramics have to be stable, e.g. crystal
      alumina, vitreous carbon, synthetic hydroxypatite and silicon nitrate. These
      exhibit high biocompatibility and excellent adhesion to tissue. Single crystal
      sapphire ceramics with high mechanical strength permit the delicate designs
      required for implants. Success with dental implants may depend upon combining the
      rigid retention of porous stable alloys or ceramics of suitable Young's modulus
      with a stress absorbing superstructure. A further development to be expected is
      the appearance of composite and polyphase materials which have tissue
      adhesiveness, stability in living tissues and various degrees of Young's modulus.

PMID- 6581131
TI  - The FDI two-digit system of designating teeth.

PMID- 6581132
TI  - Bacterial microleakage and pulpal inflammation in experimental cavities.

PMID- 6581133
TI  - The management of root resorption in replanted and transplanted teeth.

PMID- 6581135
TI  - The isolation of teeth and the protection of the patient during endodontic
      treatment.

PMID- 6581134
TI  - Paraesthesia following endodontic treatment: survey of the literature and report
      of a case.

PMID- 6581136
TI  - Coronal displacement of an apical gutta-percha cone sealed with AH26--a case
      report.

PMID- 6581137
TI  - The practice of endodontics by different groups of dentists in England. British
      Endodontic Society.

PMID- 6581138
TI  - Guidelines for root canal treatment. British Endodontic Society.

PMID- 6581139
TI  - Phenotypic changes induced in the human thymic ALL cell line HPB-ALL by an
      ingenol ester, milliamin.
AB  - An ingenol ester, milliamin, induced phenotypic changes in human thymic ALL cell
      line HPB-ALL. These alterations included morphological changes, increased sRBC
      rosetting, the induction of phenotypic changes of differentiation antigens, i.e.
      a decrease in OKT4-, OKT6-, OKT9-, OKT10- and Leu3a-positive cells and an
      increase in Leu2a-positive cells, growth inhibition and decreased DNA synthesis.
      These phenotypic changes were qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those
      induced by other polyol diterpens with tigliane and daphnane hydrocarbon
      skeletons such as TPA and mezereine, respectively.

PMID- 6581140
TI  - Airway interference: objective measurement and accountability.

PMID- 6581142
TI  - The relationship between mouth breathing and tongue thrusting.

PMID- 6581141
TI  - Temporomandibular joint disorders - an overview.

PMID- 6581143
TI  - Lip and tongue postures following maxillary impaction surgery.

PMID- 6581144
TI  - Airway interference: a clinical perspective.

PMID- 6581145
TI  - Root coverage using the free soft tissue autograft following citric acid
      application. II. Treatment of the carious root.

PMID- 6581146
TI  - The effect of PGF2 alpha on human and rat oral mucosa.
AB  - PGF2 alpha exerts a cytoprotective effect on the oral mucous membrane against the
      caustics, trichloroacetic acid and silver nitrate. The prophlogistic effect of
      PGF2 alpha and a caustic agent acting synergistically is an exaggerated
      inflammatory reaction (caustic-prostaglandin reaction or CPR). Intraperitoneal
      pretreatment with PGF2 alpha can prevent this CPR in rats. Probably the
      prostaglandin pretreatment depresses the PG receptors. Intraperitoneal
      pretreatment with indomethacin evokes a more marked CPR in rats. Probably the
      indomethacine pretreatment activates the PG receptors. Histological sections of
      the rat oral mucosa show a much less marked reaction after PGF2 alpha
      pretreatment. They also show signs of more marked swelling after indomethacin
      pretreatment.

PMID- 6581147
TI  - Prostaglandin production by human trabecular cells: in vitro inhibition by
      dexamethasone.
AB  - In addition to the well-known ability of prostaglandins (PGs) to raise
      intraocular pressure (IOP), it recently has been reported that moderate and low
      doses of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha significantly reduce IOP in a variety of
      experimental animals. These studies suggested to us that PGs might serve as
      endogenous regulators of outflow facility in the meshwork if these autacoids were
      produced and secreted by human trabecular cells. To examine this possibility,
      media from well-defined trabecular cell material were assayed using specific
      radioimmunoassays. Morphologically differentiated human trabecular cells produced
      high levels of PGE2, and somewhat lower levels of PGF2 alpha and 6KF1 alpha in
      the presence and absence of serum. In a typical experiment, the following PG
      levels were detected in the cell culture media after 24 hours: PGE2; 225; PGF2
      alpha, 33.5; 6KF1 alpha, 12.7 ng/ml with the presence of 10% fetal calf serum;
      and PGE2, 30.0; PGF2 alpha, 4.8; 6KF1 alpha, 3.6 ng/ml in serum-free media. Since
      glucocorticoids are known to inhibit PG pathways in other tissues, this effect
      was examined in the cultured trabecular cells. Moderate concentrations of
      dexamethasone (DEX) produced a marked inhibition in the levels of all three PGs.
      For PGE2 production, 10(-8) M DEX inhibited approximately 75%, and 10(-7) M DEX
      inhibited approximately 90%. More detailed dose-response studies revealed that
      the I50 for inhibition of PG production by dexamethasone was less than 10 nM,
      thus indicating that the steroid effect probably involved high affinity
      glucocorticoid receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6581148
TI  - Kinetic behaviour of human erythrocyte casein kinases. Effect of 2, 3
      bisphosphoglycerate and heparin.
AB  - The predominant cAMP-independent casein kinase CS isolated from human erythrocyte
      hemolysate and membrane casein kinase MS are inhibited to the same extent by 2,3
      bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG). However, under some conditions, both enzymes may
      appear to be unaffected or even stimulated by this prominent red cell metabolite,
      depending on casein and monovalent salt (NaCl, KCl) concentrations employed in
      the assay. In addition, both casein kinases CS and MS exhibit identical response
      to heparin, being unaffected by increasing concentrations of this
      mucopolysaccharide up to 400 ng/ml. On the contrary, the minor cytosolic casein
      kinase CTS, is inhibited by both 2,3-DPG and heparin under all conditions tested
      in the assay.

PMID- 6581149
TI  - Osteosarcoma of the proximal femur and humerus in children treated by resection,
      endoprosthesis and complementary chemotherapy.
AB  - Three cases of osteosarcoma of the proximal femur and humerus in children are
      reported. They were all highly malignant. They were treated by radical resection
      and prosthetic replacement with complementary chemotherapy. At 6 months, 2 years
      and 7 months, and 3 years and 2 months respectively they show no signs of local
      recurrence or metastases.

PMID- 6581150
TI  - Antiblastic hyperthermic regional perfusion in the treatment of malignant
      neoplasms of the limbs.
AB  - The authors describe the theoretical principles and the experimental and clinical
      investigations that form the basis for the technique of selective hyperthermic
      perfusion of the limbs, with or without the addition of antiblastic agents.
      Neoplastic cells are much more sensitive to heat than normal cells, undergoing
      necrosis at a temperature of 42.5 to 43 degrees C. The authors discuss the
      histological appearances and the clinical results obtained in the treatment of 29
      cases of malignant neoplasms of the limbs in which antiblastic hyperthermic
      perfusion was carried out one month before surgical removal of the neoplasm. The
      long term results show that antiblastic hyperthermic perfusion significantly
      reduces the risk of local recurrences in cases of resection and in some cases
      enables amputations rather than disarticulations to be performed. This type of
      treatment is particularly indicated in the highly undifferentiated and aggressive
      forms such as osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, adamantinoma,
      fibrosarcoma, giant-cell sarcoma, Ewing's tumour, and synovioma.

PMID- 6581151
TI  - [Annual meeting of the Swiss Society of Pediatrics jointly with the Swiss Society
      of Pediatric Surgery and the Swiss Society of Pediatric Radiology. Winterthur, 17
      18 June 1983. Abstracts of reports, communications and posters].

PMID- 6581153
TI  - Conversion of chronic myeloid leukemia.

PMID- 6581152
TI  - Microbial conversion of anthracycline antibiotics. I. Microbial conversion of
      aclacinomycin B to aclacinomycin A.
AB  - Streptomyces galilaeus OBB-111 and its blocked mutant were found to convert
      aclacinomycin B and related anthracycline glycosides of the B type to the
      corresponding A-type glycosides. Only the cell fraction of cultures of S.
      galilaeus OBB-111 was capable of catalyzing the reaction. The activity was
      associated with growth but disappeared before the start of rapid production of
      aclacinomycins A and B.

PMID- 6581154
TI  - Lymphoblastic crisis in chronic myeloid leukemia.

PMID- 6581155
TI  - Acute myeloid leukemia in adults: experience at AIIMS.

PMID- 6581156
TI  - Inhibition of nitrogenase activity by ammonium chloride in Azotobacter
      vinelandii.
AB  - In Azotobacter vinelandii cells, the short-term inhibition of nitrogenase
      activity by NH4Cl was found to depend on several factors. The first factor is the
      dissolved oxygen concentration during the assay of nitrogenase. When cells are
      incubated with low concentrations of oxygen, nitrogenase activity is low and
      ammonia inhibits strongly. With more oxygen, nitrogenase activity increases.
      Cells incubated with an optimum amount of oxygen have maximum nitrogenase
      activity, and the extent of inhibition by ammonia is small. With higher amounts
      of oxygen, the nitrogenase activity of the cells is decreased and strongly
      inhibited by ammonia. The second factor found to be important for the inhibition
      of nitrogenase activity by NH4Cl was the pH of the medium. At a low pH, NH4+
      inhibits more strongly than at a higher pH. The third factor that influenced the
      extent of ammonia inhibition was the respiration rate of the cells. When cells
      are grown with excess oxygen, the respiration rate of the cells is high and
      inhibition of nitrogenase activity by ammonia is small. Cells grown under oxygen
      limited conditions have a low respiration rate and NH4Cl inhibition of
      nitrogenase activity is strong. Our results explain the contradictory reports
      described in the literature for the NH4Cl inhibition of nitrogenase in A.
      vinelandii.

PMID- 6581157
TI  - A meiotic mutant of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe that produces
      mature asci containing two diploid spores.
AB  - A mutant of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe grew normally in the
      mitotic cycle but produced two-spored asci in the meiosis cycle. These spores
      were diploid, and the segregation of centromere-linked markers in the dyads was
      mostly reductional. Only the first meiotic division appears to occur in this tws1
      mutant, resulting in enclosure of diploid nuclei into spores.

PMID- 6581158
TI  - Nitrogen fixation and nitrogenase activities in members of the family
      Rhodospirillaceae.
AB  - Strains of all 18 species of the family Rhodospirillaceae (nonsulfur
      photosynthetic bacteria) were studied for their comparative nitrogen-fixing
      abilities. All species, with the exception of Rhodocyclus purpureus, were capable
      of growth with N2 as the sole nitrogen source under photosynthetic (anaerobic)
      conditions. Most rapid growth on N2 was observed in strains of Rhodopseudomonas
      capsulata. Within the genus Rhodopseudomonas, the species R. capsulata, R.
      sphaeroides, R. viridis, R. gelatinosa, and R. blastica consistently showed the
      highest in vivo nitrogenase rates (with the acetylene reduction technique);
      nitrogenase rates in other species of Rhodopseudomonas and in most species of
      Rhodospirillum were notably lower. Chemotrophic (dark microaerobic) nitrogen
      fixation occurred in all species with the exception of one strain of
      Rhodospirillum fulvum; oxygen requirements for dark N2 fixation varied
      considerably among species and even within strains of the same species. We
      conclude that the capacity to fix molecular nitrogen is virtually universal among
      members of the Rhodospirillaceae but that the efficacy of the process varies
      considerably among species.

PMID- 6581159
TI  - Effect of oxygen tension on matrix formation and mineralization in hamster molars
      during development in vitro.
AB  - The effect of 3 oxygen tensions (20%, 50% and 95%) on the pre-eruptive tooth
      development in vitro was studied biochemically and histologically in 2nd
      maxillary molars of the hamster. The specific uptakes (uptake per microgram dry
      weight) of 3H-proline and 45Ca were used as parameters for matrix production and
      mineralization, respectively. The best results were obtained at 50% O2.
      Histologically, considerable amounts of predentine, dentine and enamel matrix
      were found in these molars. Biochemically, appreciable synthesis of matrix and
      mineralization were measured. In an atmosphere containing 20% O2 less predentine,
      dentine and enamel matrix were formed. Moreover, production of the matrices
      occurred in a less regular way. In particular, dentinogenesis in the deeper parts
      of these molars was affected. The odontoblasts in these areas showed an abnormal
      and decreased matrix production and eventually dedifferentiated. Biochemically, a
      lower matrix synthesis and mineralization were measured in these molars.

PMID- 6581160
TI  - Pathological effects of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine on oral mucosa in
      Wistar rats after transplacental exposure.
AB  - This study examined the effects of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
      (M.N.N.G.) on the oral mucosa of Wistar rats. The rats were born from dams
      treated by i.p. injections of M.N.N.G. during gestation. Each pregnant rat of a
      first group received a total dose of 39.60 mg/kg of M.N.N.G. administered
      throughout the gestation period. Each pregnant rat of a second group received a
      total dose of 82.50 mg/kg of M.N.N.G. by i.p. injections during the first ten
      days of gestation. In the progeny of dams from both groups, the morphology of the
      gingiva was modified. The lingual gingiva from the lower jaw was most impaired.
      The epithelium always displayed hyperplasia: acanthosis, papillomatosis and
      hyperkeratosis. These results indicate a pathogenic effect of M.N.N.G. on
      lingual, mandibular gingiva. This effect was slight but permanent and
      irreversible. No carcinogenic effect was noticed on the oral mucosa. Similarities
      between the lesions described in this work and human epithelial dysfunction makes
      this experimental model interesting.

PMID- 6581161
TI  - Cell release from the palatal shelves and the fusion line.
AB  - Cell release from the palatal shelves and the fusion line prior to and during
      closure of the secondary palate was studied in Sprague-Dawley rat fetuses of a
      precise, individually determined age. Fetuses with normal and with experimentally
      retarded or failing palatal closure were examined by light- and
      electronmicroscopy. Three different phenomena were observed involving either
      locally restricted areas or the entire medial shelf edge: (1) desquamation of
      superficial cells, (2) extrusion of cell blebs, and (3) surface accumulation of
      basal cells. It is suggested, that desquamation is a process facilitating primary
      contact and fusion between undifferentiated cells, while extrusion of cell blebs
      probably represents degradation of the epithelial seam by cellular escape. Basal
      cells were seen at the surface of unfused shelf edges in fetuses with partial or
      total palatal clefting, as well as in fetuses with a normal but timewise delayed
      palatogenesis. It was assumed that, under normal conditions, epithelial surface
      desquamation is followed or accompanied by basal cell migration and that this may
      provide an additional mechanism assuring shelf contact between deep-seated cells.

PMID- 6581162
TI  - [Oncocyte cells in salivary tumors: frequency, histoenzymological and
      ultrastructural characteristics].
AB  - Two types of salivary monomorphic adenomas, the so-called adenolymphoma and
      oncocytoma (75 cases in a series of 873 salivary gland tumors) were studied.
      These tumors were almost always located in major salivary glands (essentially in
      the parotid gland). They were much more common in men (85%) than in women. The
      oncocyte represented the characteristic cell in these two neoplasms. By electron
      microscopy, they were seen to contain numerous and abnormal mitochondriae and
      well-developed lysosomal systems. These findings were correlated with a high
      level of activity of oxidative enzymes and of acid phosphatases. The histogenesis
      of these tumors was discussed. They seemed to arise from aberrant striated ducts
      embedded in heterotopic lymph nodes. The tumoral oncocytes would suffer a primary
      disturbance of their oxidative metabolism followed by a compensative
      mitochondrial hypertrophy.

PMID- 6581163
TI  - [Prevention of dental caries in Thailand: 3 fluoridated products submitted for
      comparative tests].
AB  - The aim of a three-year field trial was to compare the relative effectiveness of
      a 0.2% fluoride rinse used fortnightly, fluoride chewing-gum sweetened with
      sucrose and fluoride chewing-gum sweetened with a mixture of xylitol and sorbitol
      (4 sticks of gum chewed per day for 5 days a week during the school year).
      Indications from the data are that the chewing-gum/sucrose regime was at best
      considerably less effective than the other two regimes. The study shows that the
      effectiveness of the chewing-gum/xylitol-sorbitol and the fluoride rinse regimes
      was comparable.

PMID- 6581164
TI  - Effect of fluoride on mineral loss in the intra-oral cariogenicity test.
AB  - The loss of Ca and P was determined in different layers of enamel slabs after an
      Intra-Oral Cariogenicity Test with 3% sucrose in the presence and absence of F-.
      The mineral loss could be inhibited largely by 0.1% F-. A direct relationship
      between indenter penetration change and mineral loss was demonstrated in the
      absence of F-.

PMID- 6581165
TI  - [Proportion and frequency of 3 kinds of anaerobic bacteria in relation to the
      gingival index].
AB  - The proportion and frequency of three groups of particular bacteria (Bacteroides,
      Fusobacterium and spirochetes) were studied in relation to the gingival index on
      the sites from which they were sampled. Seventy eight samples collected from 40
      individuals were studied together with measurements of the gingival index and the
      pocket or sulcus depth. The samples were dispersed by ultrasonic treatment,
      diluted and cultured on a non-selective medium. The identification of the species
      was done by biochemical tests and by analysis of the metabolic products with gas
      chromatography. As a whole, our results support the hypothesis of an important
      change in the microbial flora from a clinical healthy status (with predominant
      Gram positive facultative anaerobic bacteria) to disease (with predominant Gram
      negative strict anaerobic bacteria). Furthermore the results suggest that
      Bacteroides gingvalis as well as Fusobacterium nucleatum and spirochetes through
      their high frequency and important proportion at the affected sites played an
      etiological role in the pathogenesis of gingivitis and periodontis Man.

PMID- 6581166
TI  - Influence of radial TEM distortion on the accuracy of lattice parameter
      determinations of apatites: a comparison of four electron microscopes.
AB  - Lattice fringe distances of synthetic hydroxyapatite were measured quantitatively
      in four different TEM microscopes as a function of the position with respect to
      the optical axis. Using the accurately known "a" value of this apatite from X-ray
      diffraction, the maximum radial distortion in the image planes can be determined
      in various positions. For the Philips EM 400, EM 300 (1) and EM 300 (2) and JEOL
      200 CX the maximum radial distortion was found to be 1.0%, 0.8%, 1.5% and 0.5%,
      respectively. In accurate lattice parameter determinations of mineral and mineral
      phases in biological tissues by means of TEM; this radial distortion is an
      important parameter to take into account.

PMID- 6581167
TI  - Studies of alkaline phosphatase inhibition by p-bromotetramisole in non
      mineralizing and mineralizing neonatal hamster tooth germs in vitro.
AB  - The effects of l and d-, p-bromotetramisole (pBTM) on alkaline phosphatase were
      studied in relation to 45Ca2+, 32phosphate and 3H-thymidine uptakes in non
      mineralizing second (M2) and mineralizing first (M1) maxillary hamster molar
      tooth germs under the conditions of organ culture. At the concentration used in
      culture (10(-3)M), l-pBTM completely inhibited alkaline phosphatase activity in
      tooth germ homogenates. About 30% of the enzyme activity was inhibited by d-pBTM
      at the same concentration. In culture, there were no significant differences
      between the effects of l and d-pBTM isomers on all the parameters measured. In
      the non-mineralized M2 molars, l and d-pBTM significantly reduced both TCA
      soluble and TCA-insoluble 32phosphate uptakes but not 45Ca2+. However, 3H
      thymidine uptake was also significantly decreased. In M1 molars, the pBTM isomers
      significantly reduced the uptake of TCA-soluble 32phosphate and 45Ca2+ but not
      TCA-insoluble 32phosphate. Ouabain, a specific inhibitor of Na+-K+-ATPase (but
      not alkaline phosphatase), also significantly reduced 3H-thymidine uptake to the
      same extent as the pBTM isomers in the non-mineralizing M2 molars, but it did not
      significantly affect either 32phosphate (TCA-soluble and TCA-insoluble) or 45Ca2+
      uptake. Although this inhibitor significantly reduced both 45Ca2+ and TCA-soluble
      32phosphate uptake in the mineralizing M1 molars, this effect was much less
      dramatic than was the case with the pBTM isomers. The reduced 45Ca2+ uptake in
      the M1 molars is probably a consequence of reduced mineralization since in the
      non-mineralizing M2 molars calcium uptake was not significantly affected by the
      pBTM isomers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6581168
TI  - The influence of a single fluoride treatment (1 000 ppm) on in vitro
      remineralization of initial enamel lesions.

PMID- 6581169
TI  - Spinal instability due to malignant disease. Treatment by segmental spinal
      stabilization.
AB  - Seven patients with a malignant tumor were treated for spinal instability with
      Luque-rod fixation either with or without bone-grafting. The stabilization was
      successful in all patients, including five who died as a result of the tumor
      between six and eighteen months postoperatively. Two patients were still alive at
      an average of twenty-two months after operation. The only complication that was
      directly related to the procedure was cutting through the lamina of a fixation
      wire.

PMID- 6581170
TI  - Dedifferentiated parosteal osteosarcoma.
AB  - Parosteal osteosarcoma is an uncommon malignant tumor of bone, and in a review of
      Mayo Clinic records we identified eleven cases of so-called dedifferentiated
      parosteal osteosarcoma. Ten of the eleven patients had had a long history of
      treatment for multiple recurrences of the tumor as a low-grade parosteal
      osteosarcoma and then for a definite recurrence as a high-grade undifferentiated
      osteosarcoma. The prognosis in this group of patients was similar to that in
      patients with conventional osteosarcoma.

PMID- 6581171
TI  - Characterization of the early and late stages of myelomonocytic leukemia induced
      by Friend helper-independent virus F-MuLV: isolation and induction of Friend
      myelomonocytic leukemic cell lines.
AB  - With the use of cloned helper-independent Friend leukemia virus (F-MuLV), we have
      induced a high incidence (approximately 70%) of myelomonocytic leukemia in mice
      resistant (Fv-6rr or Fv-6rs) to erythroleukemia induction by this virus. The
      spleen cells from these mice (DBA/2 or BALB/c X DBA/2) were found to contain a
      high level of progenitor cells capable of forming granulocytic and macrophage
      colonies (CFU-GM). These CFU-GM, however, were different from those in the
      spleens of uninfected mice, as they were either very sensitive to or independent
      of conditioned medium. No erythroid progenitor bursts (BFU-E) or precursor (CFU
      E) cells were detected in the spleens of these diseased animals. If these mice
      with myelomonocytic leukemia were kept alive by transfusion of red blood cells
      from uninfected mice, tumorigenic cell lines, capable of being transplanted, into
      adult mice can be isolated. Three such cell lines TTA-1, TTA-3, and TTA-9 have
      been established, and they retain their morphology of monocytes and macrophages
      as well as being positive for the monocyte-specific stain alpha-naphthyl-acetate
      esterase. These myelomonocytic leukemia cell lines can also be induced in culture
      by spleen cell-conditioned medium to differentiate into macrophages. Other
      conditioned media such as L-cell-conditioned medium, phytohemagglutinin
      stimulated leukocyte-conditioned medium, and WEHI-3 conditioned medium were less
      effective in their abilities to stimulate differentiation in these myelomonocytic
      leukemia cell lines.

PMID- 6581172
TI  - Utilization of monoclonal antibodies and immuno-scanning electron microscopy for
      the positive identification of human leukemic cells.
AB  - Monoclonal antibodies generated against normal and leukemic human leukocytes were
      tested for their differential reactivity with leukemia and lymphoma cell lines as
      well as with circulating lymphoid and myeloid leukemic cells by means of immuno
      scanning electron microscopy (immuno-SEM). Anti-T (OKT3), anti-mu-chain, anti
      CALLA (J5), anti-BA-1, anti-BA-2, and anti-nonlymphoid (Mol) monoclonal
      antibodies were covalently conjugated to polystyrene latex microspheres
      (immunolatex), using a two-step glutaraldehyde reaction, and subsequently
      incubated with the various cell types. Cultured B-type Burkitt lymphoma cells
      (Daudi) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells displayed extensive labeling
      with monoclonal anti-mu, anti-B1, and anti-BA-1 immunolatex conjugates, while
      cultured malignant T cells (HD-Mar) showed positive labeling with OKT3
      immunolatex alone. Cultured myelomonocytic cells (GDM-1) and cells obtained from
      patients with acute myeloblastic (AML) and monoblastic leukemia (AMoL) labeled
      only with anti-Mol immunolatex, while cultured promyelocytic cells (HL-60)
      displayed far less labeling with this conjugate. Common-type acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia (C/ALL) cells were labeled predominantly with the J5 (anti-CALLA) and
      anti-BA-2 immunolatex conjugates. Evidence is presented indicating that immuno
      SEM employing monoclonal antibodies is a reproducible technique which may be used
      in the study of leukocyte maturation and may provide additional information in
      the classification of poorly differentiated leukemias.

PMID- 6581173
TI  - Clinical and microbiological effects of subgingival restorations with overhanging
      or clinically perfect margins.
AB  - The close association between restorations with overhanging margins and chronic
      destructive periodontitis has been known for many years. However, the mechanisms
      by which overhanging restorations will interact in the pathogenesis of
      periodontal disease are still unknown. Generally it is accepted that overhanging
      restorations contribute to the promotion of the disease process by virtue of
      their capacity to retain bacterial plaque. The purpose of the present study was
      to determine if the placement of subgingival restorations with overhanging
      margins results in changes in the subgingival microflora. 9 dental students with
      clean teeth and clinically healthy gingivae (GI less than 0.1) gave their consent
      to participate in the study. 5 MOD cast gold onlays with 1 mm proximal
      overhanging margins were placed in mandibular molars for 19-27 weeks. They were
      replaced in a cross-over design by 5 similar onlays with clinically perfect
      margins which served as controls. Another 5 onlays were placed in reverse order
      in the remaining patients. Prior to and every 2-3 weeks after insertion,
      subgingival microbiological samples were obtained by inserting a fine sterile
      paper point for 30 sec into the gingival sulcus subjacent to the restoration. The
      predominant cultivable flora was determined using continuous anaerobic culturing
      techniques. Following the placement of restorations with overhanging margins, a
      subgingival flora was detected which closely resembled that of chronic
      periodontitis. Increased proportions of Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, black
      pigmented Bacteroides and an increased anaerobe: facultative ratio were noted.
      Following the placement of the restorations with clinically perfect margins, a
      microflora characteristic for gingival health or initial gingivitis was observed.
      Black-pigmented Bacteroides were detected in very low proportions (1.6-3.8%).
      These changes in the subgingival microflora were obvious irrespective of whether
      the restorations with the overhanging margins were placed in the first period of
      the experiment or following the cross-over. Clinically, increasing gingival
      indices were detected at the sites where overhanging margins were placed.
      Bleeding on gentle probing always preceded the peak level of black-pigmented
      Bacteroides. Loss of attachment was not detected in any site. Changes in the
      subgingival microflora after the placement of restorations with overhanging
      margins document a potential mechanism for the initiation of periodontal disease
      associated with iatrogenic factors.

PMID- 6581174
TI  - Effect of long-term tetracycline therapy on human periodontal disease.
AB  - The present investigation was performed to study the effect of long-term, low
      dosage tetracycline therapy on advanced periodontal disease in humans. 14
      volunteers participated in the trial. Each of the participants had at least 4
      pairs of diseased sites around contralateral premolars and incisors with deep
      pockets and advanced bone loss. The trial extended over a 50-week period and was
      designed as a double-blind split-mouth study. A Baseline examination included
      assessments of oral hygiene, gingival conditions, probing depth, attachment level
      and analysis of the composition of the subgingival microbiota in samples obtained
      from 8 selected diseased sites. All participants received oral hygiene
      instruction. In each patient 2 quadrants of the mouth, chosen at random, were
      treated by scaling and root planing. The 2 remaining quadrants were left
      unscaled. Following the Baseline examination the patients were randomly
      distributed into 2 groups of 7 members each. In one of the groups the patients
      received tetracycline on a daily basis during a 50-week period. The participants
      of the control group received placebo. Reexaminations were performed 2, 10, 20,
      30 and 50 weeks after the Baseline examination. The findings demonstrated that in
      patients with advanced periodontal disease long-term tetracycline therapy in the
      absence of scaling resulted in the establishment of a subgingival microbiota
      almost devoid of motile bacteria and in markedly reduced signs of gingivitis,
      probing depth and attachment loss. In fact, the alterations observed as a result
      of tetracycline administration to patients with excellent self-performed plaque
      control were similar to those obtained by conventional scaling and root planing
      in the control group.

PMID- 6581175
TI  - Observations on gingival health in communities with and without school-based
      preventive programs.
AB  - The effect of school-based preventive programs was studied in 13-15 year old
      children living in 2 regions. In one region, those children who had tooth
      brushing exercises showed less plaque and gingivitis than control children, while
      in the other region the respective findings were equivocal. In general relatively
      low levels of caries prevalence were found. In the discussion part of the
      unexpected results are explained.

PMID- 6581176
TI  - Bacterial invasion of the periodontium; an important factor in the pathogenesis
      of periodontitis?
AB  - Tissue samples from 2 humans suffering from severe periodontitis were
      investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Confirming earlier observations
      in gnotobiotic rats, bacteria were found in various regions of gingival tissues.
      We observed bacteria invading the pocket epithelium, the underlying connective
      tissue, and microorganisms were also present deep in the connective tissue. The
      bacterial invasion of the periodontium was accompanied by different stages of
      tissue degradation. Various morphologically distinct types of Gram-negative and
      Gram-positive bacteria were evident. These microorganisms were found in the
      apical part of the periodontium. More coronally, a heavy infiltrate consisting
      predominantly of plasma cells was present. It is suggested that bacteria cannot
      invade regions of connective tissue protected by a massive cellular infiltrate.
      It seems that they rather circumvent this strong defense by penetrating more
      apically through the pocket epithelium while producing as camouflage
      leukochemophobic compounds which paralyze the chemotactically regulated mobile
      defense. It seems to us that bacterial invasion is a consistent feature of
      advanced periodontitis, leading to focal necrosis or microabscesses, and may well
      explain the cyclic nature of this disease.

PMID- 6581177
TI  - Potential cariogenicity of low and high sucrose dietary patterns.
AB  - In vivo daytime plaque pH telemetry during 2 week periods was combined with
      measurement of changes in enamel microhardness and analysis of microbial plaque
      composition in 2 human subjects. Well defined sucrose rich and sucrose poor diets
      were used as variables. During the 2 weeks of the high sucrose diet (50-80
      g/day), a high cariogenic acid attack calculated from pH changes in "Proton
      hours" was associated with a marked progressive decrease in enamel microhardness.
      The low sucrose diet (2-6 g/day) showed a low "Proton hour" acid attack during
      the entire 2 weeks. The decrease in enamel microhardness, however, was low only
      during the first week. After day 7 a marked decrease could be observed. It could
      not be explained by the glycolytic activity of the plaque, which was low.
      Streptococcus mutans was present in all microbial samples.

PMID- 6581178
TI  - Longitudinal radiographical study on the rate of alveolar bone loss in patients
      of a dental school.
AB  - Two sets of radiographs, taken at an interval of 4-14 years in 105 patients of a
      dental school, were examined in order to determine the rate of resorption of
      alveolar bone. The percentage loss of maximum alveolar bone height was measured
      in the interproximal and interradicular sites by means of the Schei ruler. The
      average percentage of interproximal bone resorption was 0.51% (0.07 mm) per year.
      Age, sex, professional status, type of periodontal treatment and general state of
      health did not seem to affect the annual resorption rate. However, crowned teeth
      had a significantly greater rate of resorption than uncrowned teeth. Loss of bone
      tended to be more rapid in interdental as compared to interradicular areas. A
      positive and statistically significant correlation was found between initial
      resorption and annual tooth loss.

PMID- 6581179
TI  - CT follow-up of hepatic and splenic fungal microabscesses.
AB  - Three patients with acute myelogenous leukemia underwent abdominal computed
      tomographic (CT) examination for recent deterioration in clinical status. The
      diagnosis of hepatic and splenic microabscesses was correctly suggested in each
      patient on the basis of this study. In addition, CT accurately assessed the
      efficacy of antifungal therapy on follow-up studies. In this limited series of
      patients, CT was superior to clinical and laboratory evaluation in predicting the
      degree of parenchymal infection in the liver and spleen during treatment,
      confirmed by histologic specimens.

PMID- 6581180
TI  - The marginal polishing of Ion Ni-Chro crowns: a preliminary report.
AB  - Although several publications about the stainless steel crown are available, only
      a few studies were found by which the effect of the crowns on gingival health was
      investigated. Webber suggested that there were no gingival changes after
      placement of the stainless steel crown. Goto, however, found that gingivitis
      occurred around most of the crowns. The highest incidence was noticed around the
      crowns with the poorest marginal adaptation. Henderson showed that the poorer the
      crown fit, the greater the plaque accumulation and the more severe the
      gingivitis. Myers also found that gingivitis was associated with poor crown
      adaptation. In the investigation by Peterson, attention was drawn to the
      polishing of stainless steel crowns before placement. Following the results of
      our small pilot study, it was clear that polishing of the crown margins is a very
      important procedure. It was found that the use of abrasive wheels followed by
      silicon rubbers was the most satisfactory. Independently, we can state that
      careful polishing of the crown margins is a "must" to prevent gingivitis.

PMID- 6581181
TI  - A comparative study of three radiographic surveys in preschool children.

PMID- 6581182
TI  - In vitro assessment of marginal leakage of combined amalgam-sealant restorations
      on occlusal surfaces of permanent posterior teeth.

PMID- 6581183
TI  - Radiographic evaluation of root canal "calcification" following formocresol
      pulpotomy.

PMID- 6581184
TI  - Effects of play therapy on preschool children during initial dental visits.

PMID- 6581186
TI  - Flunitrazepam and diazepam compared as sedatives in children.

PMID- 6581185
TI  - Classifying and managing child dental patients' misbehaviors: a three-step
      Adlerian approach.

PMID- 6581187
TI  - Functional disturbances of the masticatory system in school children.
AB  - The centralization of treatment for functional masticatory disturbances by the
      Copenhagen Municipality Children's Dental Service has made possible the present
      survey of symptoms and results of treatment in a child population. Over a period
      of four years, a total of 366 children, aged six to sixteen (two thirds girls),
      were referred for treatment. Their symptoms differed from those reported by adult
      patients by a marked attrition of the mandibular incisors and concomitant
      sensitivity to thermal and mechanical stimulation. Other symptoms of functional
      disturbance, such as reduced mandibular mobility and muscle tenderness, were
      similar to those reported for adult subjects. Treatment conformed to conventional
      principles with widespread use of soft bite-splints (Figure 5). Both symptoms and
      signs were eliminated in about 60 percent of the patients, while 34 percent were
      essentially symptom-free at the conclusion of treatment. The survey showed that
      functional disturbances in the mandibular apparatus occur in children, and that
      many can be treated with good results. The symptomatology, however, resembles
      that of a wide range of other ailments, especially with respect to headache and
      facial pain, necessitating a careful differential diagnosis before functional
      corrective treatment is started.

PMID- 6581188
TI  - Enamel disturbances in congenital hypopituitarism; report of case.

PMID- 6581189
TI  - Splinting electrical burns utilizing a fixed splint technique: a report of 48
      cases.

PMID- 6581190
TI  - [Dental caries status of schoolchildren 7-12 years old in Bangkok].

PMID- 6581191
TI  - [Preventive dentistry for the community].

PMID- 6581192
TI  - [The day care center and dental health].

PMID- 6581193
TI  - Cellular fatty acid and soluble protein profiles of oral fusobacteria.
AB  - We compared the cellular fatty acid and protein content of 43 strains of oral
      fusobacteria isolated from patients with chronic gingivitis, acute necrotizing
      ulcerative gingivitis, and juvenile and adult periodontitis, as well as from the
      stump-tailed macaque, to that of eight reference strains of oral and non-oral
      Fusobacterium species. A gas-liquid chromatographic examination of trimethylsilyl
      derivatives of the fatty acid methyl esters revealed n14:0, 3-OH-14:0, n16:0,
      16:1, 3-OH-16:0, n18:0, and 18:1 in each of the 51 study strains, and a variable
      occurrence of 14 other fatty acids. The n16:0 to 3-OH-16:0 ratio distinguished
      between Fusobacterium nucleatum and the non-oral species Fusobacterium varium,
      Fusobacterium necrophorum, Fusobacterium russii, Fusobacterium necrogenes,
      Fusobacterium mortiferum, and Fusobacterium naviforme. The soluble protein
      content, as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, varied considerably
      among the oral fusobacterial strains studied, and underscored the heterogenous
      nature of these organisms. "Fingerprinting" of oral fusobacteria may be readily
      accomplished by polypeptide analysis.

PMID- 6581194
TI  - Modulation of in vitro human lymphocyte responses by an exopolysaccharide from
      Capnocytophaga ochracea.
AB  - An exopolysaccharide (EP), purified from spent culture fluid previously
      inoculated with Capnocytophaga ochracea strain 25, suppressed in vitro human
      peripheral blood lymphocyte responses to the mitogen concanavalin A. EP was
      suppressive when added to cultures before the mitogen, but enhanced responses
      when added 24 or 48 hr after the mitogen.

PMID- 6581195
TI  - The composition of recrystallized bone mineral.
AB  - Bone mineral and synthetic calcium-deficient carbonate apatite (CDCA), when
      defined in terms of their respective thermal stabilities and ignition products,
      are homologous. When heated to 550 degrees, they may have a structure similar to
      that of the mineral dahllite. When heated to temperatures greater than 550
      degrees, CDCA (like bone mineral) losses its structural CO3 and is recrystallized
      to whitlockite and/or OH-apatite, depending on its stoichiometry.

PMID- 6581196
TI  - Fluoride concentrations in rat and human tooth pulps and their possible
      interference with phosphatase activities.
AB  - Alkaline and acid phosphatases (p-ases), fluoride (F), and calcium (Ca) were
      analyzed in the pulps of rat incisors and young human pre-molars. P-ase
      activities were about ten times higher in the rat than in the human pulps; in the
      latter, high p-ase activity appeared to be connected with rapid mineralization.
      Average total F was 3-4 ng/mg in both rat and human pulp, while Ca showed values
      several times higher, although greatly varying, in human than in rat pulps.
      Ionized F was two to three times higher in ultrafiltrates from rat and human
      pulps than in the blood plasma of the species; in the rat, the F content of the
      ultrafiltrates increased only three to four times when plasma F was
      experimentally elevated over 100 times. In vitro, rat pulp alk. p-ase activity
      was slightly inhibited only in the range above 100 mM NaF, while acid p-ase
      showed weak inhibition in the region from 0.15-0.25 mM and 40-60% inhibition in
      the range from 10-100 mM NaF. In vivo, no effect on pulp p-ases was found, even
      from sublethal NaF doses.

PMID- 6581197
TI  - Morphology of enamel surfaces treated with topical fluoride agents: SEM
      considerations.
AB  - Three topical fluoride agents deposited surface coatings of different morphology
      and thickness on intact human enamel surfaces. The agents studied were an acidic
      silane fluoride lacquer, a neutral NaF lacquer, and an APF gel. Each agent
      reacted with the enamel surface differently, producing its own distinctive
      etching pattern. The smallest particles observed in the surface coatings were
      from 20 to 30 nm in diameter and appeared to have indistinct morphologies. They
      often agglomerated into spherical globules ranging from 1-3 micron in diameter.

PMID- 6581198
TI  - Enamel demineralization by mouthrinses containing different concentrations of
      sucrose.
AB  - Intra-oral enamel demineralization tests, involving rinsing with sucrose
      solutions (5, 1, 0.5, or 0.3%) at varying frequencies during a 1.5-hour period,
      showed that demineralization was a function of the total sugar dose (frequency of
      rinsing times concentration). Two rinses with a 5% solution caused
      demineralization, nine rinses were needed in the case of a 0.5% solution, and
      none occurred after nine rinses with a 0.3% solution. Remineralization was also
      observed and apparently occurred after exhaustion of the sucrose supply.

PMID- 6581199
TI  - Enamel demineralization potential of dietary carbohydrates.
AB  - Mouthrinses with 5% solutions of different sugars were tested for their
      demineralizing effect on blocks of bovine enamel covered with a layer of S.
      mutans cells and carried in a palatal prosthesis. The extent of demineralization,
      as measured by the permeability of the enamel to iodide, was similar for
      fructose, glucose, and sucrose, less for maltose and lactose, and least for
      galactose.

PMID- 6581201
TI  - Degradation of luting cements measured in vitro and in vivo.
AB  - The degradation of luting cements was quantified when these cements were held as
      a 20-micron cement layer. The degradation process, which is mostly a sequence of
      absorption, disintegration, and solution, was expressed by a time-constant (tau).
      By using the same test specimens in vitro as well as in vivo, we determined the
      correlation of both situations.

PMID- 6581200
TI  - High-temperature behavior of a Pd-Ag alloy for porcelain.
AB  - The mechanism of formation of nodular material on the surface of a Pd-Ag-based
      alloy for porcelain during pre-porcelainization heat treatment was investigated
      using scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, quantitative
      metallography, and Auger electron spectroscopy. The nodules were found to form by
      a Nabarro-Herring creep mechanism driven by the internal oxidation of tin and
      indium. Implications of this process with regard to porcelain bonding and
      discoloration are discussed.

PMID- 6581202
TI  - Proceedings of the First Annual Conference, the Robert Wood Johnson Dental
      Services Research Scholars Program. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, May 16-17, 1983.

PMID- 6581203
TI  - The Dental Services Research Scholars Program.

PMID- 6581204
TI  - The National Institute of Dental Research and dental health services research.

PMID- 6581205
TI  - Clinical decision analysis methods applied to diagnostic tests in dentistry.

PMID- 6581206
TI  - A predictive model of the need for dental services.

PMID- 6581207
TI  - The status of dental manpower research.

PMID- 6581208
TI  - Community awareness project.

PMID- 6581209
TI  - Fluorides, your practice and your patients.

PMID- 6581211
TI  - Containing health care costs.

PMID- 6581210
TI  - Orthognathic surgery: mandibular prognathism.

PMID- 6581212
TI  - Values that never change.

PMID- 6581213
TI  - Dentistry on stamps.

PMID- 6581214
TI  - A new definition.

PMID- 6581215
TI  - Problems with steroids.

PMID- 6581216
TI  - Question use of oral reconstruction instrument.

PMID- 6581218
TI  - A prevalence study of the clinical signs associated with mandibular dysfunction.
AB  - A prevalence study was made of the most common clinical signs of mandibular
      dysfunction in a sample population of 1,000 patients in a general dental
      practice. Palpable joint irregularities (joint sounds) were found in about a
      third of the sample. All other frequencies were relatively low. Females had
      consistently higher frequencies than males, although the differences were
      generally not significant. A methodology that was quantified for the first time
      in relation to muscle palpation was used. Results of this study would indicate
      that the prevalence of the major clinical signs of mandibular dysfunction in the
      population expected to be seen in a general dental practice is not high and,
      furthermore, that their occurrence in the absence of pain does not necessarily
      indicate a need for treatment.

PMID- 6581217
TI  - Relation between ascorbic acid intake and periodontal disease in the United
      States.
AB  - Only a weak association between periodontal disease and ascorbic acid deficiency
      has been shown in the analysis of nutritional and periodontal health data
      collected from a representative sample of the US population. Intake of ascorbic
      acid in amounts larger than those recommended by the dietary standards does not
      seem to be associated with better periodontal health. The results of this study
      also suggest that dental practitioners are better advised to concentrate on
      plaque control rather than vitamin C supplements to prevent and control
      periodontal disease in their patients.

PMID- 6581219
TI  - Clinical work posture for the dentist: an electromyographic study.
AB  - The results of this study suggest that lumbar support is a significant factor in
      reducing muscle activity of the upper and lower back for the dentist practicing
      sit-down dentistry. The importance of lumbar support should be emphasized in any
      criteria listing correct work posture for the dentist. Under the conditions of
      this study, stool heights did not influence muscle activity significantly, but
      did suggest a trend in considering problems of the lower back posture--low stool
      heights (90 degrees and 75 degrees) produced lower activity than a high stool
      height (105 degrees) if the back was supported. Therefore, in regard to muscle
      activity, results of this study suggest that the dental operator should sit low
      with the lumbar support always in contact with the lower back.

PMID- 6581220
TI  - Internal enamel pearls: report of case.
AB  - A case of enamel pearls occurring within dentin is presented. The internal enamel
      pearl appears to be a rare entity (six reported cases), which has a predilection
      for the premolar/canine region and may arise from the epithelium of the enamel
      organ rather than Hertwig's epithelial root sheath.

PMID- 6581221
TI  - Delayed dental age in hepatorenal glycogen storage disease.
AB  - The dental findings in three patients with hepatorenal glycogen storage disease
      are described. In two cases, dental maturation and tooth eruption were
      considerably delayed. In the third case, dental maturation and tooth eruption are
      normal, possibly because of newer treatment methods of this disease.

PMID- 6581222
TI  - Clinical evaluation of periodontal ligament anesthesia using a pressure syringe.
AB  - Conventional local anesthesia techniques are frequently unsuccessful,
      particularly for endodontic procedures. Supplementary injections are often
      necessary; the periodontal ligament injection is useful for this purpose. This
      study examined the effectiveness of injecting into the periodontal ligament with
      a pistol-type pressure syringe as a supplemental technique in patients who did
      not have adequate anesthesia for endodontic therapy. Sixty patients received the
      supplemental injections and 20 patients were reinjected when the first PDL
      injection failed. Data were obtained by questionnaire. Percentages were computed
      and comparisons made by X2 analysis. The conclusions about attaining anesthesia
      included: --Needle size was not important; overall, 25- and 30-gauge needles were
      equivalent. --Injecting under strong back-pressure was important; the greatest
      frequency of success was attained when injecting under pressure. Lack of back
      pressure on both mesial and distal surfaces resulted in a significantly lower
      incidence of anesthesia. Proper positioning of the needle and maintaining this
      position, to force the anesthetic deep into the periodontium, is apparently an
      effective way to generate the needed back-pressure. --Strong back-pressure could
      usually be attained on either or both surfaces. --Reinjection was frequently
      successful if the first periodontal ligament injection failed. --Overall
      frequency of success in attaining anesthesia with the pistol-type pressure
      syringe was 83%. This was determined by including the instances in which
      reinjection was necessary. --Comparing the results of this study with a previous
      similar study, the pressure syringe were equally effective for supplementary
      anesthesia.

PMID- 6581223
TI  - Continuing education course listing for January to June 1984, Department of
      Membership and Continuing Education Records.

PMID- 6581224
TI  - [Therapeutic interruption of pregnancy in the second trimester after preparation
      of the cervix with prostaglandins F2 alpha].
AB  - The use of prostaglandins is one of the best techniques for second trimester
      abortion. The authors present 40 patients aborted by a new two stage technique:
      First: ripening of the cervix a tylose gel containing 5 or 10 mg PGF2 alpha every
      12 hours during 3 days. Then, if abortion is not obtained, previously published
      techniques are used: intra-amniotic injection (40 mg PGF2 alpha) or intra
      cervical infusion (2 mg/hour). The mean duration of these abortions is 52 hours
      using 29 mg of PGF2 alpha. 22 patients aborted during ripening (mean = 27 hours),
      12 patients needed an intracervical infusion (mean = 88 hours) and 6, an intra
      amniotic injection (mean = 72 hours). It seems that abortion is easier when
      pregnancy is earlier, under 20 weeks of gestation. Few side effects were
      observed: only three cases of fever with a single case of endometritis. Failure
      of this technique occurred in five patients (4 aborted outside the time allowed
      for, and one needed instrumental extraction). With this technique, the mean
      duration is longer than those previously described in the literature but the
      efficiency is over 90%.

PMID- 6581225
TI  - Comparison and partial characterization of guinea pig Ia alpha- and beta-chain
      oligosaccharides.
AB  - The structures of the N-linked oligosaccharides of mature guinea pig Ia molecules
      were partially characterized by serial lectin affinity analysis. Those Ia
      antigens that are thought to be allelic products (Ia.3,5 and Ia.4,5) were found
      to bear identical oligosaccharides, whereas differences in glycopeptide
      distribution were found for Ia antigens known to be products of separate I
      subregions (Ia.2 and Ia.4,5). The two predominant oligosaccharides present on
      alpha-chains from all three Ia molecules were of the high mannnose type and the
      triantennary or tetraantennary complex type. Two structurally distinct beta
      chains were isolated from Ia.3,5 and Ia.4,5 molecules; beta 1 bore primarily
      triantennary or tetraantennary complex oligosaccharides, and beta 2 had
      predominantly biantennary complex-type carbohydrate chains. The composition and
      distribution of the oligosaccharide moieties of guinea pig Ia molecules indicate
      that there are structural features shared among guinea pig, murine, and human Ia
      antigens.

PMID- 6581226
TI  - The handling of Listeria monocytogenes by macrophages: the search for an
      immunogenic molecule in antigen presentation.
AB  - The activation of T lymphocytes for immunity to the intracellular pathogen
      Listeria monocytogenes requires that Ia-positive macrophages ingest the bacteria.
      The subsequent handling of Listeria by macrophages was examined in this report
      and related to antigen presentation to T cells. Macrophages pulsed with
      radiolabeled Listeria, besides releasing acid-soluble radioactivity--an
      indication of extensive catabolism of the Listeria-derived proteins--were also
      found to release acid-insoluble peptides. The rate of release of the peptides was
      not markedly affected by treatment with chloroquine, ammonia, or monensin and was
      independent of the state of activation and the level of Ia expression of the
      macrophage. The peptides were not associated with fragments of membranes and were
      represented by several molecular species. Listeria-derived peptides were also
      found associated with the macrophage plasma membrane. The membrane-associated
      peptides behaved like integral membrane proteins and could be released by
      proteases or detergents. Their expression was independent of the dose of Listeria
      and the level of Ia expression of the macrophage, and their presence could not be
      inhibited by protease inhibitors or chloroquine. The Listeria peptides released
      by the macrophages were very weakly immunogenic in a T cell proliferation assay.
      Purified plasma membranes from Listeria-pulsed macrophages, which contained
      membrane-associated Listeria peptides, were not immunogenic by themselves but
      could be reprocessed by additional macrophages to subsequently stimulate T cells.
      Trypsin treatment of Listeria-pulsed macrophages did not cause a significant
      reduction in their ability to stimulate T cells. No association was found between
      Ia molecules and either the membrane-associated or the released peptides with the
      use of several technical approaches. Hence, after internalization of Listeria,
      potentially immunogenic material can be found at the cell surface as well as in
      the culture fluid. The release of soluble peptides is a clear indication that
      proteins can be recycled after their internalization in vesicles.

PMID- 6581228
TI  - Prostaglandin E is required for the augmentation of procoagulant activity of LPS
      stimulated rabbit alveolar macrophages.
AB  - We demonstrated previously that rabbit alveolar macrophages stimulated in vitro
      by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have markedly enhanced procoagulant
      activity (PCA), caused by increased production of a cell-associated tissue
      thromboplastin. The present study examined the role of arachidonic acid
      metabolites in modulating the expression of this PCA. Alveolar macrophages
      lavaged from normal rabbits were incubated in vitro with LPS, indomethacin, and
      purified prostaglandins, and the resultant PCA was measured. LPS stimulated a
      significant increase in macrophage PCA relative to unstimulated controls (p less
      than 0.01). Indomethacin suppressed the ability of LPS to stimulate PCA in a dose
      related fashion. The addition of PGE2 or PGE1 reversed the suppressive action of
      indomethacin (p less than 0.01), whereas PGF2 alpha, PGD2, TXB2, and 6-keto PGF1
      alpha had no such effect. PGE2 did not affect PCA unless the macrophages were
      also stimulated with LPS. A significant correlation (rs = 0.72, p less than 0.01)
      existed between the level of LPS-stimulated macrophage PCA and the corresponding
      amount of immunoreactive PGE2 released into the culture medium. The results of
      this study demonstrate that PGE is required for the LPS-mediated enhancement of
      rabbit alveolar macrophage-associated tissue thromboplastin and that PGE can
      stimulate the expression of PCA by appropriately conditioned cells.

PMID- 6581229
TI  - Turner's syndrome: controlling facial growth. Report of a case.

PMID- 6581227
TI  - Dietary fish oil augments the induction of arthritis in rats immunized with type
      II collagen.
AB  - Certain dietary-induced changes in tissue levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids
      are known to modify inflammatory reactions, possibly through changes in the
      synthesis of mediators of inflammation derived from fatty acids, including
      prostaglandins and leukotrienes. We have therefore examined the effects of a fish
      oil diet, enriched in highly unsaturated (delta-17) long chain fatty acids, on
      collagen arthritis. Weanling female Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on a diet
      with fat provided by either fish oil (containing 14.5% 5, 8, 11, 14, 17
      eicosapentaenoic acid; EPA) or, as a control, beef tallow (containing less than
      0.05% EPA). They were immunized with native chick type II collagen emulsified in
      incomplete Freund's adjuvant 5 to 6 wk later. There was an increased incidence of
      arthritis in the rats receiving the fish oil compared with the group receiving
      the beef diet (88 vs 61%, p less than 0.001), but there was no significant
      difference in the severity of joint inflammation of arthritic rats in the two
      groups. The mean serum titer of IgG antibodies to type II collagen, measured by
      an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), was decreased in the group
      receiving the fish oil (p less than 0.001), whereas the hemagglutinating antibody
      titer and delayed-type hypersensitivity to collagen were similar in the two
      groups. Primary synovial explant cultures from fish oil-treated rats produced
      only 21 to 24% as much PGE2 as beef tallow-treated controls, and this reduction
      in the experimental group was not accompanied by any detectable increase in PGE3,
      the E-prostaglandin derived from the arachidonic acid analogue, EPA, in fish oil.
      These data demonstrate that inductive mechanisms in collagen arthritis can be
      altered by diet-induced changes in tissue fatty acid composition without
      essential fatty acid deficiency. The reason(s) for this effect is unknown, but it
      is possible that changes in the cyclooxygenase or lipoxygenase products of
      polyunsaturated fatty acids are involved.

PMID- 6581230
TI  - Resorption surface of deciduous teeth under the scanning electron microscope.

PMID- 6581231
TI  - The prevalence of dental caries in pre-school children in Baghdad, Iraq.

PMID- 6581232
TI  - [Various aspects of childhood pathologies in Algeria and efforts to combat them].

PMID- 6581233
TI  - The effect of fluorine and molybdenum on some of the mechanical characteristics
      of the hard tissues in rats kept on a low and on a normal protein diet.

PMID- 6581234
TI  - Acute pulmonary mycetoma due to Candida albicans with complete resolution.

PMID- 6581236
TI  - [Diabetes insipidus associated with leukemia: objective observation on the onset
      of polyuria].

PMID- 6581235
TI  - [Autopsy case of osteosarcoma originating from the pulmonary artery].

PMID- 6581237
TI  - [New horizon in orthodontics].

PMID- 6581238
TI  - [Experimental microinjury of the articular disc of the temporomandibular joint.
      Effect of immobilization on the healing process].

PMID- 6581239
TI  - [Nonreducible cross-link in dentin collagen. Isolation and characterization of
      cross-linked peptides containing pyridinoline].

PMID- 6581240
TI  - [An approach to pattern matching of curved shapes. Quantitative analysis of
      similarity of curvatures].

PMID- 6581241
TI  - [Projection of tooth pulp and oro-facial afferents to neurons in the cortical
      somatosensory area in the cat].

PMID- 6581242
TI  - [Tooth color appearance under various types of conventional light sources].

PMID- 6581243
TI  - [Adsorption of salivary components by dental enamel studied by x-ray
      photoelectron spectroscopy (ESCA)].

PMID- 6581244
TI  - [Clinical feasibility of intraoral xeroradiography].

PMID- 6581245
TI  - [Midazolam, a new benzodiazepine anesthetic].

PMID- 6581246
TI  - [Langerhans cells in the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6581247
TI  - The stabilization of midface-fractures in the vertical dimension.
AB  - A frontal or zygomatic-bone wire-suspension is often insufficient to retain and
      stabilize the upper jaw after fractures of the Le Fort II or III type. Caudal and
      dorsal displacement of the maxilla can only be avoided by the use of
      intermaxillary immobilization in good occlusion. The use of a maxillary
      stabilizer makes long-term intermaxillary immobilization unnecessary. The
      displacement of the maxilla, which can often be observed during splinting and
      fixation with wire-suspension following midface fractures, can be avoided by the
      use of stable steel rods.

PMID- 6581248
TI  - Refracture of untreated fractures of the zygomatic bone.
AB  - Experience gained in the treatment of 16 patients with refracture of untreated
      fractures of the zygomatic bone is presented. Refracture, repositioning and wire
      fixation is the method of choice in the correction of facial deformity after
      untreated displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone. If necessary, osteoplasty of
      the orbital floor and raising of the globe by a thick iliac bone graft can be
      performed at the same time. Usually, it is not so difficult to perform refracture
      since at the site of fracture, where a large dislocated fragment exists, a solid
      callus is not formed but rather some kind of fibrous union. If the displaced bone
      is completely united then an osteotomy of the whole zygomatic bone is performed
      through the lateral part of the eyebrow, lower eyelid and a wide incision in the
      upper buccal sulcus, using a sharp chisel or a small round bur. Refracture of the
      zygomatic arch can be done through the mouth after making a wide incision in the
      upper buccal sulcus which enables exploration of the zygomatic arch, or by a hand
      saw after tunnelling from the eyebrow incision to the zygomatic arch. If the
      zygomatic arch is broken in two or more places then the refracture should be done
      through a short incision on the face followed by direct interosseous wire
      fixation.

PMID- 6581249
TI  - Concomitant transverse growth of the maxillary base and dental arch in
      experimental submucous mid-palatal clefts. A biometrical study in the domestic
      cat.
AB  - To obtain information on correlated growth of the maxillary base and dental arch
      in submucous mid-palatal clefts, such clefts were surgically created in 18
      domestic cats. The growth ratios of the dento-maxillary complex were then
      compared with corresponding parameters in 18 unoperated controls. When fully
      grown, the operated cats had developed a significant hypoplasia of the maxillary
      base. Also the upper dental arch in these cats showed a slight reduction in
      width, but significantly so only in the posterior region. The results obtained
      seemed to demonstrate a mutual dependence in growth of these two parts of the
      dento-maxillary complex, but to a limited degree. Whereas the maxillary base was
      significantly influenced by the altered morphology in the mid-palatal area, the
      dental arch growth and its final dimension seemed to be more responsive to
      compensatory mechanisms.

PMID- 6581250
TI  - Reconstruction of the orbital floor with the muscle-bone flap (temporal muscle
      with coronoid process).
AB  - Various techniques for the reconstruction of the orbital floor are available when
      resecting the portion of the maxilla which includes the orbital floor. A
      composite muscle-bone flap of temporal muscle and coronoid process fills the
      defect satisfactorily and provides good support for the globe.

PMID- 6581251
TI  - Surgical treatment of an arteriovenous malformation of the mandible in a child. A
      case report.
AB  - Arteriovenous malformations of the mandible are rare and potentially life
      threatening lesions. They are very unusual in young individuals. A case is
      reported in which a form of surgical treatment is advocated that permits
      preservation of the continuity of the mandible and the dentition with little
      potential for life threatening bleeding.

PMID- 6581252
TI  - Synovial cyst of the temporomandibular joint. A case report.

PMID- 6581253
TI  - Disseminated cutaneous abscesses caused by atypical mycobacterium. Report of 2
      cases.

PMID- 6581254
TI  - Induction of transient functional luteolysis in cyclic sheep by a 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor.
AB  - The mechanism by which prostaglandin F2 alpha terminates luteal function in the
      sheep is unclear even though it is used extensively in animal husbandry. At the
      time of luteal regression, a decrease in 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3
      beta-HSD) activity is apparent in the corpus luteum, but it is not known whether
      the decrease in enzyme activity is the primary cause of structural luteolysis.
      The effect of trilostane, a 3 beta-HSD inhibitor, on luteal function and
      morphology has therefore been investigated. Intravenous injection of trilostane
      in the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle caused a decrease in ovarian tissue
      progesterone content. A transient decrease in peripheral and utero-ovarian vein
      plasma progesterone was observed but there was no significant effect on the
      length of the luteal phase of the cycle. There was no significant change in
      plasma 13,14-dihydro-15-oxo-prostaglandin F2 alpha during the period when plasma
      progesterone was depressed. Morphological examination of the corpora lutea
      revealed a decrease in the concentration of electron-dense granules without any
      other features of impending luteal regression. When plasma progesterone was
      reduced for more than 10 h by two injections of trilostane 4h apart, there was
      again no subsequent effect on the length of the oestrous cycle or on the return
      to oestrus. Plasma progesterone returned to preinjection levels within 24 h of
      injection. This evidence suggests that competitive inhibition of 3 beta-HSD
      activity, per se, is ineffective in bringing about structural luteolysis.

PMID- 6581255
TI  - The dilemma of the fractured instrument.

PMID- 6581256
TI  - A histological comparison of the canal wall planing ability of two new endodontic
      files.

PMID- 6581257
TI  - Human pulpal reaction to the modified McInnes bleaching technique.

PMID- 6581258
TI  - Residual monomer from Hydron.

PMID- 6581259
TI  - An in vitro study of spreader loads required to cause vertical root fracture
      during lateral condensation.

PMID- 6581260
TI  - Epithelially induced denticles in the pulps of recently erupted, noncarious human
      premolars.

PMID- 6581261
TI  - Successful treatment of a radicular lingual groove: case report.

PMID- 6581262
TI  - Necrosis of crestal bone related to the use of excessive formocresol medication
      during endodontic treatment.

PMID- 6581263
TI  - A model for demonstrating an electronic canal length measuring device.

PMID- 6581264
TI  - Gas-CT cisternography in the diagnosis of small acoustic neuroma.

PMID- 6581265
TI  - 3; 9; 15; 22 complex translocation in an adult chronic myelocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6581266
TI  - [Evaluation of abnormalities of blood chemical profiles in patients with
      hyperthyroidism].

PMID- 6581267
TI  - Effects of raphe stimulation on cardiovascular response to noxious input in cats.

PMID- 6581268
TI  - The distribution of HLA-A, B, DR antigens in Chinese population.

PMID- 6581269
TI  - [Immunologic study on nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: correlation of
      mononuclear cell reactivity to phytohemagglutinin and clinical stage].

PMID- 6581270
TI  - [Comparative study on ambulatory care utilization and satisfaction derived from 2
      new primary health centers].

PMID- 6581271
TI  - Small intracerebral hemorrhage clinically simulating lacunar infarction.

PMID- 6581272
TI  - Heterokaryosis in Fusarium tricinctum and F. sporotrichioides.
AB  - Heterokaryons were formed in intra- and interspecific crosses between Fusarium
      sporotrichioides and F. tricinctum auxotrophs. Segregant homokaryons were
      evaluated for trichothecene toxin production in culture. Results were consistent
      with nuclear control of toxin synthesis. The sexual compatibility of auxotrophs
      and 30 additional F. tricinctum sensu Snyder & Hansen strains was tested.
      Perithecial production was restricted to crosses between Florida isolates
      pathogenic to English ivy (Hedera helix). The linkage of several auxotrophic
      markers was determined by analysis of progeny of certain crosses. No T-2 toxin
      was produced by sexually compatible F. tricinctum isolates.

PMID- 6581273
TI  - [The importance of HLA typing in cases of disputed paternity].
AB  - In dispute paternity, the biologists must reply to two questions: 1. Is the
      paternity excluded or possible? 2. If it is possible, what is its probability?
      Valid answers can be given, using several genetic markers, among which HLA genes
      are specially interesting. Looking at HLA-A, B, C, DR typing of child, mother and
      presumed father, we propose a method which allows a direct calculation of
      paternity probability. Crossing over between HLA genes in presumed father and in
      mother are also considered in this method. In our experience, adding the date
      provided by the HLA genes and other genetic markers, we obtained, either formal
      exclusions, or possible paternities with a probability almost always higher than
      90%.

PMID- 6581274
TI  - [Clinical evolution and cytogenetic study of two acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      (type L2) in the child: prognostic value of the karyotype].
AB  - Cases of two newborns with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) L2 type, are
      reported. In each case, some chromosomal abnormalities can be found. In the first
      case, a translocation t (4;11) is noticed. It has to be compared with already
      published patients' cases and so the non randomly occuring character of those
      alterations in ALL and poor pronostic factor can be confirmed. In the second
      observation, a complex translocation t (5;6;X) never described before in
      literature, was observed. Chromosomal findings in ALL are not only a help to
      diagnosis but, by cytogenetic data, are also a help to accurate prognosis and
      adequate treatment.

PMID- 6581275
TI  - Multiple Sleep Latency Test findings in Kleine-Levin syndrome.
AB  - Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) findings in a case of Kleine-Levin syndrome
      are reported for the first time. MSLT data indicate sleepiness as severe as in
      narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea and the occurrence of four sleep onset
      rapid eye movement (REM) periods, with a greater REM propensity at 2:00 p.m. and
      4:00 p.m. than at 10:00 a.m. and 12:00 noon. The replication of such findings
      might suggest that Kleine-Levin syndrome could be considered a form of periodic
      REM sleep disinhibition. Therefore, the traditional hypothesis of diencephalic
      dysfunction may require modification to include the role of more caudal brain
      stem structures specifically activated during REM sleep.

PMID- 6581276
TI  - Lipid peroxide, alpha-tocopherol and retinoid levels in plasma and liver of rats
      fed diets containing beta-carotene and 13-cis-retinoic acid.
AB  - The effect of feeding large amounts of beta-carotene and 13-cis-retinoic acid
      (RA) on plasma and liver levels of alpha-tocopherol, lipid peroxides and
      retinoids was studied. Groups of young male rats were fed semipurified diets
      supplemented with 0, 100 mg/kg beta-carotene, 20 and 100 mg/kg 13-cis-RA. After
      feeding the various diets for 11 weeks, rats were killed and the concentrations
      of lipid peroxides, alpha-tocopherol, and retinoids were measured in blood plasma
      and liver. Peroxide levels were increased and alpha-tocopherol levels were
      decreased in plasma as well as liver of rats fed diets containing 13-cis-RA; this
      effect seems to be dose dependent, beta-Carotene had no significant effect on
      either of the above parameters. There was a decrease in the liver and plasma
      concentrations of retinol in rats fed 13-cis-RA; the levels of RA were generally
      higher in these two groups. The results suggest that the mechanism whereby 13-cis
      RA increases the tissue peroxide levels may be related to its ability to decrease
      alpha-tocopherol levels.

PMID- 6581278
TI  - Oklahoma women pioneer dental frontiers.

PMID- 6581277
TI  - Pin amalgams: an economic alternative to cast restorations.

PMID- 6581279
TI  - Patient responses to the orthognathic surgical experience: factors leading to
      dissatisfaction.
AB  - The authors surveyed 93 orthognathic surgery patients about presurgical concerns,
      preparation for the surgical experience, and postsurgical outcomes. Nine of the
      90 respondents indicated they would not re-elect the surgical treatment. Reasons
      for dissatisfaction varied, although all had in common the occurrence of
      unanticipated postsurgical events. The importance of effective preoperative
      preparation of patients cannot be overestimated. The authors have written an
      information brochure to reinforce verbal orientation for the orthognathic surgery
      patient and family.

PMID- 6581280
TI  - Evaluation of gray-scale ultrasonography in the investigation of oral and neck
      mass lesions.
AB  - The clinical applicability of gray-scale ultrasonography to oral and neck mass
      lesions was investigated. Ultrasonographic findings of pattern, boundary echo,
      internal echo, and posterior wall echo were correlated with pathologic findings
      in 22 surgically treated cases. Using this method, the solid or cystic nature,
      the size, the shape, and the location of the lesions could be determined
      preoperatively. Because it lacks radiation hazard, ultrasonography appears to be
      the diagnostic method of choice for patients with enlarged oral and neck tumors.

PMID- 6581281
TI  - Evaluation by thoracic impedance cardiography of diazepam, placebo, and two drug
      combinations for intravenous sedation of dental outpatients.
AB  - The cardiovascular and respiratory effects of three common intravenous
      premedicants were examined noninvasively in a population of 20 dental outpatients
      scheduled for surgical removal of third-molars. Two third molars from one side of
      the mouth were removed at each appointment. Group 1 received a diazepam titration
      (mean dose = 25.6 mgs) at one appointment and placebo at the other appointment.
      Group 2 received a combination of diazepam (12.5 mg), fentanyl (0.1 mg), and
      methohexital (mean dose = 18.0 mg) at one appointment and the combination of
      diazepam (15.0 mg) and methohexital (mean dose = 27.0 mg) at the other
      appointment. Noninvasive measurement of cardiac output revealed little change
      during intravenous drug administration, but a significant increase was seen in
      all groups following local anesthesia and during surgery. Heart rate was elevated
      and stroke volume decreased during administration of the two-drug combinations.
      Oxygen saturation was greatly decreased following the combination of diazepam,
      fentanyl, and methohexital. These findings indicate that the combination of
      diazepam, fentanyl, and methohexital results in decreased oxygen saturation, a
      transient decrease in stroke volume, and an elevated heart rate when used as an
      intravenous premedicant for dental outpatients.

PMID- 6581282
TI  - Intraosseous wiring in ramus osteotomy.
AB  - The value of intraosseous wiring of the fragments after oblique osteotomy of the
      mandibular rami was studied. A wired group (14 patients) and a nonwired group (15
      patients) were compared cephalometrically. There were only small differences
      between the groups but there was a tendency toward a smaller postoperative
      posterior rotation of the mandible in the wired group. It was concluded that in
      routine cases of mandibular prognathism wiring is not necessary.

PMID- 6581283
TI  - Results of soft-tissue surgery over implanted replamineform hydroxyapatite.
AB  - Sixteen replamineform hydroxyapatite implants were inserted subperiosteally on
      the residual ridge in five dogs, and various soft-tissue procedures were
      performed at intervals of one, two, three, and 27 months after implantation.
      Three implants served as controls. Twelve of the 13 surgical sites healed
      normally, including four of the five vestibuloplasties and all eight exposure
      sites. All 16 implants were still in place and firmly attached to the alveolar
      bone at the time of sacrifice. A normal stratified squamous epithelium was formed
      in all specimens in which complete healing occurred. No evidence of an
      inflammatory reaction was found in response to the soft-tissue surgery in the
      specimens that healed. The favorable results of this study form the basis for
      proposed human clinical trials to evaluate the response of the implant and the
      overlying soft tissues to a dental prosthesis.

PMID- 6581284
TI  - Histometric evaluation of interproximal bone responses to electrosurgical
      mucoperiosteal incisions in dogs.
AB  - The periosteal and endosteal interproximal bone remodeling activity following
      clinically simulated blade and electrosurgical mucoperiosteal incisions was
      investigated by histologic and morphometric analyses. Undecalcified histologic
      sections were prepared and evaluated using standard bone morphometric techniques.
      Periosteal and endosteal bone surfaces subjacent to incisions were examined and
      the percentages of forming, resorbing, and quiescent surfaces, and the number of
      osteoclasts per millimeter of bone surface, were calculated. Based on indices of
      bone remodeling activity, the potentials for activation of interproximal bone
      remodeling by clinically appropriate blade and electrosurgery incisions in dogs
      appear to be similar.

PMID- 6581285
TI  - Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor: clinicopathologic and ultrastructural concepts.
AB  - Two cases of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor have been presented, along with a
      review of the literature. One tumor had a rather typical presentation, occurring
      in a 12-year-old in association with an impacted canine tooth. Subsequent
      electron microscopic evaluation of this case provided corroboration of other
      recently published findings. In this case there was a striking accumulation of
      what could have been secretory granules at the pole of the cell nearest a "duct
      like" space. This cell had ultrastructural characteristics in common with a
      preameloblast. The second case occurred in a more unusual situation, the patient
      being a 32-year-old man, with the AOT developing in the mandible between the
      roots of the canine and first premolar. Both patients were treated successfully
      by simple enucleation of the lesion.

PMID- 6581286
TI  - Guide wire technique for intraoral vertical subcondylar osteotomy.

PMID- 6581287
TI  - Methotrexate and folate content of erythrocytes in patients receiving oral vs
      intramuscular therapy with methotrexate.

PMID- 6581288
TI  - Dissociation of effects of xanthine analogs on renal prostaglandins and renal
      excretory function in the awake rat.
AB  - In awake, male rats, oral theophylline (TH) or enprofylline (EN; 3-propyl
      xanthine), 10 to 50 mg/kg b.wt., similarly increased urinary prostaglandin (PG)E2
      excretion, by 2- to 3-fold; urinary PGF2 alpha excretion was increased to a
      lesser extent (50%), while excretion of a PGI2 metabolite, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, was
      not altered. In rat renal high-speed supernatant, neither TH nor EN inhibited
      activity of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, an intrarenal PG catabolizing
      enzyme, suggesting that the increased urinary PG excretion was due to increased
      synthesis. TH, at all doses that increased urinary PGE2 excretion, also caused
      dose-related 2-to 4-fold increases in urine volume and urinary excretion of
      sodium and potassium. In contrast, at low doses EN increased urinary PGE2
      excretion without altering urine volume or electrolyte excretion; at the highest
      dose tested, EN produced a modest diuresis and natriuresis. Pretreatment of rats
      with indomethacin or meclofenamate (10 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.), chemically dissimilar
      PG synthesis inhibitors, prevented effects of TH and EN on urinary PG excretion,
      and also blocked their diuretic and natriuretic effects. Thus, increased renal
      PGs may be permissive and requisite for the diuretic and natriuretic effects of
      xanthines, but not sufficient to cause those effects. Enprofylline has been
      reported (Persson et al., Life Sci. 30: 2181, 1982) to be more active than
      theophylline as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, but inactive as an adenosine
      antagonist, suggesting that the latter action is not required for xanthine
      stimulation of urinary PG excretion but may be a factor in the diuretic and
      natriuretic effects.

PMID- 6581289
TI  - The retention of vital submucosal roots under immediate dentures: a surgical
      procedure.
AB  - An approach to soft tissue management and surgical crown/root sectioning for
      submucosal vital root retention has been presented. Attention to detail during
      soft tissue reflection, tooth sectioning, and the relaxing of attached
      mucogingival tissues is very important. Adequate healthy soft tissue is necessary
      for proper suturing over the retained roots. Postoperative complications are
      reduced by placement of well-fitted prostheses. Clinical evaluation of this
      technique has proved it to be highly successful.

PMID- 6581290
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of four finishing techniques on margins
      of gold castings.

PMID- 6581291
TI  - Modification of rubber dam clamp increases access to distal surfaces of anchor
      teeth.

PMID- 6581292
TI  - Marginal leakage of glass-ionomer cement restorations.

PMID- 6581293
TI  - Prosthetic treatment for speech and swallowing in patients with total
      glossectomy.

PMID- 6581294
TI  - Commercial cosmetics and their role in the coloring of facial prostheses.

PMID- 6581295
TI  - Use of TMJ arthrotomography in the diagnosis and treatment of anterior disk
      dislocation.
AB  - Treatment of TMJ pain and dysfunction should primarily be directed at correction
      of a specific abnormality and the patient's chief complaint. The specific
      approach to treatment of TMJ abnormalities is based on an accurate diagnosis.
      Although sound clinical judgment often suggests a tentative diagnosis, the
      specific diagnosis can often be confirmed radiographically. Fluoroscopic
      arthrotomography can effectively aid in the diagnosis and treatment needed for
      effective and efficient TMJ care. It is especially beneficial in the diagnosis
      and treatment of anterior disk dislocation. The authors conclude that (1)
      anterior disk dislocation is a common occurrence in TMJ intra-articular
      disorders; (2) standard radiographs are not diagnostic for ADD; (3)
      arthrotomography is an effective aid in the diagnosis and treatment of TMJ soft
      tissue derangements, especially ADD; (4) use of arthrotomography should be based
      on sound clinical judgment; (5) the causes and significance of and the optimal
      treatment for ADD are controversial at this time; and (6) knowledge gained from
      arthrotomography may clarify these controversies.

PMID- 6581296
TI  - Emergency treatment of acute inflammation of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6581297
TI  - The effect of first molar loss on the dentition and periodontium.

PMID- 6581298
TI  - Background information: requirements for advanced specialty education programs in
      prosthodontics.
AB  - The proposed revisions have been developed to address problems of fragmentation,
      inconsistency, and lack of balance in advanced prosthodontic education. Minimum
      didactic and clinical requirements for each subdiscipline are clearly indicated
      in the proposed "Requirements," and programs will no longer be directed to
      provide special emphasis in one subdiscipline. It should be noted that the
      proposed "Requirements" do not prevent or preclude programs from emphasizing one
      subdiscipline. This option is left up to the sponsoring institutions. The
      proposed "Requirements," however, do underscore the fact that the primary
      responsibility of accredited prosthodontic programs is to provide students with
      the opportunity to achieve competence in the full scope of prosthodontic
      procedures.

PMID- 6581299
TI  - Requirements for advanced specialty education programs in prosthodontics.

PMID- 6581301
TI  - Regional variations in the palatal mucosa of the edentulous mouth.

PMID- 6581300
TI  - The role of specialists and general practitioners in provision of prosthodontic
      services.
AB  - The national situation regarding prosthodontic services is being shaped by the
      following factors: There is an increasing number of people in the 60-, 70-, and
      80-year-old age group. There is less dental caries, which has resulted in more
      teeth in the adult population. There is less gingivitis, but it is unclear
      whether this factor is significant. There is an ongoing debate about the
      continued prevalence and severity of periodontitis, but with more teeth and more
      older adults there appears to be a great potential for an increase in the total
      amount of advanced periodontal disease. There is somewhat less total edentulism.
      There is a substantial unmet need for complete dentures as well as fixed and
      removable partial dentures. In summary, the stage is set for an increased demand
      for prosthodontic services.

PMID- 6581302
TI  - Mounting casts on a new plasterless plane line articulator.
AB  - A technique of mounting casts on a plane line articulator without the aid of
      plaster or artificial stone has been described. The advantages of this technique
      are: The dimensional change errors inherent in a plaster or dental stone mounting
      are avoided. Casts may be routinely mounted and articulated in less than 3
      minutes. Casts may be removed and returned to their original position with
      precise reliability. The disadvantages include the lack of an adjustable
      horizontal condylar guidance and the lack of an anterior guide pin or anterior
      guidance. Further studies should be directed toward determining the accuracy of
      remounting casts on the instrument.

PMID- 6581304
TI  - Protective effect of polystyrene liners for composite resin restorations.

PMID- 6581303
TI  - Preventing green discoloration of porcelain baked over silver-palladium alloys.

PMID- 6581305
TI  - metoclopramide in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (a case report).

PMID- 6581306
TI  - Effects of the dentist as the primary information source about fluoridation.

PMID- 6581307
TI  - Construction of a population index of adult oral health status derived from
      dentists' preferences.

PMID- 6581308
TI  - A low-cost method for conducting a statewide survey of oral health.

PMID- 6581309
TI  - Fluoridation's history: what have we learned about constituency building?

PMID- 6581310
TI  - Building a dental constituency: a survival strategy for public health dentistry.

PMID- 6581311
TI  - The development and operation of an effective congressional liaison program.

PMID- 6581312
TI  - Sex selection procedures.

PMID- 6581314
TI  - Analysis of sodium content of community water supplies.

PMID- 6581313
TI  - Synthesis and evaluation of a novel series of N,N-dimethylisotryptamines.
AB  - A novel series of N,N-dimethylisotryptamine (isoDMT) derivatives, i.e.,
      derivatives of 1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]indole, was prepared and found to be
      isosteric with their corresponding N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) counterparts with
      respect to serotonin receptor (rat fundus) affinity. Whereas the isoDMT
      derivatives possessed a greater affinity than did their corresponding DMT
      derivatives, they were relatively ineffective in displacing [3H]-5-HT binding
      from rat brain (cortex) homogenates. In a drug discrimination paradigm, using
      rats as subjects, 6-OMe-isoDMT produced effects similar to those of 5-OMe-DMT.
      Attempts to antagonize the discriminative stimulus effects of the hallucinogen 1
      (2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOM) using two of the isoDMT
      derivatives proved unsuccessful.

PMID- 6581315
TI  - Arterial blood gas determination in the evaluation of disability in coal miners.

PMID- 6581316
TI  - Hypercalcemia secondary to a cervical cancer: resolution by surgical resection.

PMID- 6581317
TI  - Addison's disease presenting in the postpartum state.

PMID- 6581318
TI  - Mixed substance abuse withdrawal treated by clonidine.

PMID- 6581319
TI  - Trace element nutrition.

PMID- 6581320
TI  - Prolongation of life: when should we stop?

PMID- 6581321
TI  - A survey of denture care and denture provider characteristics in the state of
      Wisconsin.

PMID- 6581323
TI  - Overeaters anonymous.

PMID- 6581322
TI  - Classification and definition of alloys.

PMID- 6581324
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics].
AB  - Fifteen children with acute bacterial infections, including pneumonia (8),
      pharyngitis (2), cervical lymphadenitis (1), perforative peritonitis (1),
      gastroenteritis (1) and urinary tract infection (2), were treated with cefotetan.
      This drug was effective to all of the patients. In 2 patients the result was
      excellent and in 9 it was satisfactory. No adverse reactions were observed in the
      above cases and 2 other patients, during and after the dosage of 30-60 mg/kg/day
      for 4-11 days.

PMID- 6581325
TI  - [Experimental and clinical evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics].
AB  - Basic and clinical studies on cefotetan (CTT) were carried out and the results
      were as follows: Absorption and excretion Two patients were given 10 mg/kg of CTT
      by one shot intravenous injection. At 30 minutes after injection, mean serum
      level was 76.5 micrograms/ml and the half-life time was 2.3 hours. Mean 6-hour
      urinary recovery in same patients was 57.5%. Clinical evaluation Forty-two
      patients were treated with CTT, in doses of 19.2-102.9 mg/kg divided 2-4 times
      per day for 3-10 days intravenously. Responses were excellent in 14, good in 23,
      fair in 1, poor in 4, and the overall efficacy rate was 88.1%. As to adverse
      reaction, urticaria was observed in 1 patient. Abnormal laboratory data noted
      were elevation of GOT in 1, GOT and GPT in 2, creatinine in 1, and eosinophilia
      in 3 patients.

PMID- 6581326
TI  - [Clinical experience with cefotetan in the treatment of infections of children].
AB  - Twenty-five patients in hospital mainly with lower respiratory tract infections
      and urinary tract infections were treated with cefotetan (CTT). The drug was
      given intravenously in a dose of 20 mg per kg body weight 1 to 3 times per day.
      The response to treatment was satisfactory in the 21 patients (84%). There was
      slight changes in liver function tests in 2 patients and exanthem in 1 patient.
      CTT appears to be an effective antibiotic for the treatment of children with
      bacterial infection.

PMID- 6581327
TI  - [Experimental and clinical evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics].
AB  - Preclinical studies were carried out on cefotetan (CTT), together with clinical
      studies in the field of pediatrics. The following results were obtained. A total
      of 114 clinical isolates that have been stored in the authors' department was
      employed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of CTT against
      various bacterial species. Against E. coli, Salmonella, K. pneumoniae and P.
      mirabilis, the MICs of CTT showed a peak at 0.78 micrograms/ml, and most of the
      strains were inhibited by a CTT concentration of 6.25 micrograms/ml or less. The
      MICs for S. marcescens strains showed a peak at 25 micrograms/ml, with 25% of the
      strains having MICs of 3.13 micrograms/ml or less, and 67% having MICs of 25
      micrograms/ml or more. All of the P. aeruginosa strains had MICs of over 100
      micrograms/ml. Against all of the tested strains of S. aureus, a Gram-positive
      bacterium, CTT showed MICs of 12.5 micrograms/ml or more, while all of the
      strains of S. faecalis were found to have MICs of over 100 micrograms/ml. CTT was
      administered intravenously to pediatric patients as a bolus injection, and then
      the concentration of the antibiotic in the serum was determined as a function of
      time. When the dosage rate was 10 mg/kg, the mean serum levels were as follows;
      58.2 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 45.5 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 33.6
      micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 18.0 micrograms/ml at 4 hours and 11.7 micrograms/ml at
      6 hours after the injection. The half-life of CTT in the serum at this dosage was
      thus 2.40 hours. Similarly, at a dosage rate of 20 mg/kg, the mean values at the
      various times were; 98.6 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 75.6 micrograms/ml at 1
      hour, 57.8 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 35.5 micrograms/ml at 4 hours and 23.2
      micrograms/ml at 6 hours subsequent to the injection. The half-life of CTT in the
      serum in these cases was 2.73 hours. CTT was drip-infused intravenously over a
      period of 1 hour, and then the serum concentration of the drug was monitored with
      the passage of time. Subsequent to the administration of 10 mg/kg, the mean serum
      concentrations were as follows; 48.8 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 81.5
      micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 42.2 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 23.6 micrograms/ml at 4
      hours and 14.8 micrograms/ml at 6 hours subsequent to the injection. The half
      life of CTT in the serum after this intravenous drip infusion was thus 2.13
      hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6581328
TI  - [Experimental and clinical evaluation of a new cephamycin antibiotic, cefotetan,
      in pediatrics].
AB  - A series of studies was performed on the use of cefotetan (CTT) in the field of
      pediatrics. The results that were obtained are described below. The minimum
      inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of CTT against strains of E. coli and K. oxytoca
      that were recently isolated from child patients were found to mostly be 0.78
      micrograms/ml or less. Even strains that were highly resistant to the action of
      ABPC were sensitive to CTT. CTT was administered to pediatric patients by
      intravenous drip infusion or by one shot intravenous injection, and then the
      concentration of the drug in the serum was monitored. The same procedures and
      dosages were employed for CFX and CMZ. In comparison with these 2 antibiotics,
      CTT showed a higher peak concentration in the serum, and it was retained in the
      blood for a longer time. The half-life of the CTT serum concentration was 2 hours
      or more in most of the subjects. When CTT was administered in a dosage of 10
      mg/kg by intravenous drip infusion, the drug could still be detected in the serum
      as long as 12 hours later in some cases. Repeated intravenous drip infusion
      administration of CTT was not found to result in any accumulation of this
      antibiotic in the serum. During the 8-hour period following intravenous injection
      of CTT, about 50 to 80% of the administered dose was found to be excreted in the
      urine in its active form. During the acute phase of meningitis, intravenously
      injected (one shot) CTT was found to be transferred to the cerebrospinal fluid in
      a concentration that was sufficient to kill those bacteria that were sensitive to
      the action of this antibiotic. It was proven that, following the intravenous
      injection of CTT, the concentration of this drug in the feces was sufficient to
      inhibit the growth of Salmonella, Campylobacter, etc. CTT was administered by
      intravenous drip infusion as therapy to a total of 37 child patients diagnosed as
      having acute infections; these infections consisted mainly of upper and lower
      respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, intestinal tract
      infections and suppurative diseases. The dosage of CTT used in the treatment of
      these diseases ranged almost from 20 to 40 mg/kg/day, given as 2 doses per day
      (at intervals of 10-12 hours). The efficacy rate of this therapeutic regimen was
      97%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6581329
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics].
AB  - Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefotetan (CTT), a new cephamycin
      antibiotic, were carried out and the following results were obtained.
      Pharmacokinetic study Two patients, 7 years and 10 months of age (22 kg of body
      weight) and 9 years of age (28 kg of body weight), were administered 20 mg/kg of
      CTT by 30 minutes intravenous drip infusion. Serum levels of CTT were 148
      micrograms/ml and 92 micrograms/ml immediately after the end of drip, 118
      micrograms/ml and 63 micrograms/ml at 1 hour after the drip infusion. 76
      micrograms/ml and 39 micrograms/ml at 2 hours after, 34 micrograms/ml and 18.2
      micrograms/ml at 4 hours after and 18 micrograms/ml and 8.2 micrograms/ml at 6
      hours after. Serum half-lives calculated were 1.92 hours and 1.78 hours
      respectively. Clinical study CTT was administered to a total of 14 patients, 3
      with pneumonia, 2 with acute pyelonephritis, 2 with acute enteritis, each one
      with acute tonsillitis, acute bronchitis, acute bronchiolitis, sepsis, acute
      lymphadenitis, stomatitis and measles. Because that stomatitis and measles,
      however, were not indications of CTT, 2 cases with those diseases were excluded.
      CTT was administered at daily dose of 40 to 73 mg/kg in 2 to 4 portions for 3 to
      5.5 days by intravenous drip infusion. Marked response was seen in 2 cases,
      moderate response in 9 and no response in 1, thus effectiveness rate was 91.7%.
      Neither side effects nor abnormal clinical laboratory findings were observed.

PMID- 6581330
TI  - [Experimental and clinical evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics].
AB  - Preclinical and clinical studies were carried out on cefotetan (CTT), a new
      synthetic cephamycin antibacterial agent. The results are described below.
      Antibacterial activity The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of CTT, CEZ,
      CTM and CMZ were determined against clinical isolates of S. aureus, E. coli, K.
      pneumoniae and P. mirabilis. To CTT S. aureus, showed its sensitivity peak (in
      the graphic plot of the MIC distribution) at a concentration range of 3.13-6.25
      micrograms/ml when a 100-fold dilution of the pathological specimen was employed
      as the inoculum. These results were inferior to those with CEZ and CTM by 2-4
      concentration tubes. The CTT results were also about 2 tubes inferior to the
      results with CMZ, which is a cephamycin antibiotic. On the other hand, CTT was
      found to show very strong antibacterial activity against Gram-negative rods. For
      example, the sensitivity peak of E. coli, occurred at an antibiotic concentration
      of less than or equal to 0.1-0.2 microgram/ml, regardless of whether the inoculum
      was the undiluted pathological specimen or the 100-fold dilution thereof. Similar
      results were obtained in relation to the K. pneumoniae strains: at a CTT
      concentration of less than or equal to 0.1 microgram/ml, suppression of growth
      was achieved in 74% of the strains when the inocula were the undiluted specimens,
      and 86% when the inocula were the 100-fold dilutions thereof. In addition,
      against P. mirabilis, when the inoculum consisted of the undiluted pathological
      specimen the MIC peak for CTT occurred at a concentration range of 0.39-0.78
      microgram/ml, whereas the peak occurred at 0.2-0.39 microgram/ml when the
      bacterial inoculum was the 100-fold dilution of the collected specimen. In
      contrast, CTM showed slightly stronger antibacterial activity than CTT in
      relation to P. mirabilis; that is, its MIC peak occurred at less than or equal to
      0.1-0.2 microgram/ml when the inoculum was the undiluted pathological specimen,
      and at less than or equal to 0.1 microgram/ml when the bacterial inoculum was the
      100-fold dilution. Otherwise, against these 3 species of bacteria, CTT yielded
      results which were clearly superior to those achieved with the other 3
      antibiotics. Absorption and excretion CTT was administered to children at a
      dosage of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg as a one-shot intravenous injection or as a 1
      hour intravenous drip infusion. Thereafter, the serum concentration of the
      antibiotic was monitored and it excretion rate in the urine was also
      determined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6581331
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics].
AB  - Cefotetan (CTT), a new cephamycin antibiotic having a long serum half-life (2.93
      +/- 0.78 hours), was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in children. Twenty
      four patients were treated with a daily dose of 30 to 100 mg/kg of CTT by
      intravenous administrations mostly in 2 divided doses. The diagnoses of the
      effective patients were acute bronchitis (5), pneumonia (4), acute urinary tract
      infections (4), acute enterocolitis (2), presumed septicemia (1), and phlegmon
      (1); and the effectiveness was 77.3%. The pathogens recovered from these patients
      were S. pneumoniae (1), H. influenzae (3), S. marcescens (1), E. coli (2), and K.
      oxytoca (1). CTT was not effective in staphylococcal pneumonia and empyema (each
      1 case), in Pseudomonas pneumonia (2), and in a case of brain abscess and
      mastoiditis of unknown etiology. Diarrhea (2), and transient elevations of the
      serum GOT, GPT, and LDH (1) were associated with the CTT therapy, but no severe
      adverse reaction was encountered. The CSF level of CTT seemed to be lower among
      several new cephalosporins. From the present study, CTT appears to be a safe and
      effective antibiotic when used in children with susceptible bacterial infections.
      A twice-a-day schedule was recommended from its long serum half-life.

PMID- 6581332
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics].
AB  - Cefotetan (CTT), a new cephamycin antibiotic, was administered to 21 pediatric
      patients, 1 year and 1 month to 9 years of age, with moderate or severe
      infections. CTT was intravenously administered 3 times a day at daily doses of
      26.5 to 120 mg/kg for 2 to 14 days, and 0.75 to 31.0 g of the drug were totally
      given. Total of 21 cases, 12 cases of respiratory tract infections (each 1 case
      of acute pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis and asthmatic bronchitis, 6 cases of
      acute pneumonia, 1 case of lung fibrosis and 2 cases of primary atypical
      pneumonia), 2 cases of urinary tract infections, 1 case of acute appendicitis, 1
      case of perianal abscess, 2 cases of sepsis, 1 case of MCLS, 1 case of ReYE's
      syndrome and 1 case of meningoencephalitis, were received CTT. Five cases were
      excluded for the evaluation of clinical efficacy, and good response were obtained
      in 11 cases (effective rate of 68.8%), fair in 1 and poor in 4. Out of 3 strains
      of causative organisms isolated before the treatment, H. influenzae and K.
      pneumoniae were disappeared after the CTT treatment, S. faecalis which was
      resistant against CTT persisted. Neither adverse effects nor abnormal laboratory
      findings were observed except 1 case of eosinophilia.

PMID- 6581333
TI  - [Experimental and clinical evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics].
AB  - Fundamental and clinical studies of cefotetan (CTT) were made in pediatric field
      and the following results were obtained. Antimicrobial activity MIC80 values of
      CTT against clinically isolated S. aureus (32 strains), E. coli (33 strains) and
      K. pneumoniae (33 strains) were 25, 0.1 and 0.1 microgram/ml respectively.
      Antimicrobial activities of CTT against E. coli and K. pneumoniae were superior
      to those of CMZ, though the activity against S. aureus was inferior to that of
      CMZ. Pharmacokinetics When 20 mg/kg of CTT was administered to 3 children, who
      were 3 to 8 years of age, by a intravenous bolus injection, the mean serum
      concentrations of the drug after 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours were 110.7 +/- 9.2,
      81.7 +/- 10.1, 50.0 +/- 7.5, 25.3 +/- 4.6, 14.9 +/- 5.5 and 7.7 +/- 2.8
      micrograms/ml respectively, and the mean half-life (beta) was 2.01 +/- 0.32
      hours. The mean concentrations of the drug in urine after 0-2, 2-4, 4-6 and 6-8
      hours were 1,377 +/- 787, 1,045 +/- 689, 1,067 +/- 680 and 358 +/- 80
      micrograms/ml respectively, and the mean recovery rate by 8 hours was 67.3 +/-
      16.2%. Clinical study CTT was administered to 42 children of 2 monthes to 14
      years of age, and clinical response, bacteriological effect and adverse reaction
      of the drug were studied. Clinical effects were evaluated in 8 cases of acute
      purulent tonsillitis, each 1 case of acute otitis media and acute bronchitis, 16
      cases of acute bronchopneumonia or acute lobar pneumonia, 9 cases of acute
      pyelonephritis and 1 case of erysipelas, the results were excellent in 30 cases,
      good in 3, fair in 2 and poor in 1, and thus 91.7% of efficacy rate was obtained.
      Out of suspected causative organisms including 12 strains of H. influenzae, 1
      strain of H. parainfluenzae, 7 strains of E. coli, 2 strains of S. pyogenes, 2
      strains of S. pneumoniae and each 1 strain of S. epidermidis and S. faecalis, all
      the strains except each 1 strain of H. influenzae and S. faecalis disappeared
      after the treatment. Thus 92.3% of eradication rate was obtained. No side effects
      were recognized. Though abnormal laboratory findings were observed in 3 cases
      (7.1%), including elevation of GOT and GPT in 2 cases and eosinophilia in 1 case,
      those findings came to be normal after the treatment.

PMID- 6581334
TI  - [Evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics].
AB  - Clinical trials were carried out with cefotetan (CTT) in pediatric infections.
      Results were as follows; The mean serum concentrations of CTT following
      intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg were 204, 97, 56, 15, 10 micrograms/ml at 15,
      60, 120, 360, 480 minutes after injection. The serum half-life was 2.18 hours.
      68.3% was excreted in urine within 8 hours after injection. In vitro, the
      antimicrobial activity of CTT was more active than CEZ and CMZ against E. coli,
      H. influenzae and K. pneumoniae. CTT was administered clinically to 22 pediatric
      patients with various infections; 9 pneumonias, 4 bronchopneumonias, 1 acute
      tonsillitis and 8 urinary tract infections. Overall efficacy rate was 95%. The
      favorable clinical response could be gained by the doses of 30 mg/kg with being
      given every 12 hours. Slight elevation of S-GOT and S-GPT with mild diarrhea was
      observed in 2 patients and eosinophilia in 1 patient. No other serious side
      effect was observed.

PMID- 6581335
TI  - [Experimental and clinical evaluation of cefotetan in pediatrics].
AB  - The authors have carried out the laboratory and clinical studies of cefotetan
      (CTT), and obtained the following results. The antibacterial activities of CTT
      were measured by the plate dilution method against the clinical isolates of S.
      aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. marcescens and Salmonella sp. The
      susceptibility distribution of S. aureus to CTT was at concentration of 6.25-12.5
      micrograms/ml and the peak of that was obtained at 6.25 micrograms/ml with an
      inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml. And the peaks of susceptibility distribution of
      E. coli and K. pneumoniae to CTT were obtained at less than 0.1 microgram/ml
      respectively, and that of S. marcescens was obtained at 6.25-12.5 micrograms/ml
      with an inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml. The growth of all strains of Salmonella
      sp. was inhibited at concentration of less than 0.1 microgram/ml. As for
      pharmacokinetic study, CTT was given by intravenous bolus injection and drip
      infusion for 30 minutes at a single dose of 20 mg/kg. After intravenous bolus
      injection of 20 mg/kg of CTT, the mean peak serum level was 175.0 +/- 7.0
      micrograms/ml at 15 minutes after injection, and half-life time was 3.53 hours.
      After 30 minutes drip infusion of 20 mg/kg of CTT, the mean serum concentration
      was 106.0 +/- 6.0 micrograms/ml at end of infusion, half-life time was 2.41
      hours. The mean urinary excretion rates were 49.4% and 64.2% up to 8 hours after
      drip and bolus injection of 20 mg/kg of CTT, respectively. CTT was given 15 cases
      with bacterial infection. Daily doses of CTT were from 15.0 to 107.0 mg/kg.
      Clinical results obtained were excellent and good responses in 12 of 15 cases
      (80.0%). No side effects were obtained except for 2 cases with elevation of GOT
      and GPT, and 1 case with eosinophilia.

PMID- 6581336
TI  - [Clinical application of cefotetan in pediatrics].
AB  - Clinical evaluation was made on cefotetan (CTT), a new cephamycin antibiotic, and
      the following results were obtained. Following 6 patients were treated with a
      daily dose of 31.0-47.5 mg/kg of CTT, which was given in 3 divided doses by an
      intravenous injection or a 1 hour drip infusion; 2 patients with cystitis
      (causative organism: E. coli and P. mirabilis, respectively), 3 with
      pyelonephritis (E. coli in 3) and 1 patient with Salmonella enteritis (S.
      typhimurium). CTT showed a remarkable therapeutic effect on cystitis and
      pyelonephritis but was ineffective against Salmonella enteritis. Neither adverse
      clinical reactions nor abnormal laboratory findings were noted. Based on the
      above results, CTT is considered to be an appropriate and useful new antibiotic
      in the treatment of bacterial infections, particularly urinary tract infections
      in children. The fact that longer duration of blood concentrations has made is
      possible to give this antibiotic in 2 divided doses will be of great practical
      benefit.

PMID- 6581337
TI  - [Transport of cefotetan into the otorhinolaryngeal tissues].
AB  - The tissue specimens were taken to evaluate the efficacy of cefotetan (CTT), a
      new cephamycin antibiotic, for otorhinolaryngological infectious diseases. The
      concentrations of CTT in palatine tonsils, maxillary sinus mucosa, wall of
      maxillary sinus cysts, discharge from otitis media and saliva were studied. The
      serum level determined at 3 hours following intravenous injection of 1 g of the
      drug was 49.2 micrograms/ml (n = 4). The serum level at 12 hours following
      intravenous injection of 2 g of the drug was 14.4 micrograms/ml (n = 4). 15-25%
      of the serum levels of CTT were demonstrated in palatine tonsils, 20.7-35.7% in
      maxillary sinus mucosa. We detected high levels of CTT in the effusion of acute
      maxillary sinusitis, 24.0 micrograms/ml (2 g, i.v., 90 min.), 26.3 micrograms/ml
      (1 g, i.v., 120 min.). On the other hand, we detected only a few per cent of the
      serum level of CTT in the effusion of chronic maxillary sinusitis.

PMID- 6581338
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of cefmetazole in respiratory tract
      infections of patients with underlying respiratory diseases].
AB  - Respiratory infections of 10 subjects with underlying respiratory diseases were
      treated with cefmetazole (CMZ) and its clinical effects were studied. Five
      subjects of them were respiratory tract infection, 3 subjects were pneumonia and
      2 subjects were pneumonia followed by empyema. The underlying diseases were
      chronic pulmonary emphysema in 4 subjects, diffuse panbronchiolitis in 3, chronic
      bronchitis in 2 and bronchial asthma in 1. The doses of CMZ were 4 to 8 grams per
      day and the durations of administration ranged 3 to 39 days. The clinical effects
      were judged from the changes of fever, cough, amount of sputum, dyspnea, rale,
      chest X-ray, white blood cell counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, sputum
      culture and PaO2. The clinical effects of 6 subjects were evaluated as good,
      those of 3 were fair and that of 1 was poor. In 3 subjects H. influenzae in the
      sputum was eliminated and in 1 subject both H. aphrophilus and alpha
      Streptococcus found in the pleural effusion were eliminated. In 1 subject
      Klebsiella in the sputum was eliminated and replaced by Enterobacter. No side
      effects were observed. We conclude that CMZ is considerably useful in the
      treatment of respiratory infections of the patients with underlying respiratory
      diseases.

PMID- 6581339
TI  - [Antibiotic transfer into tissue after total hysterectomy with special reference
      to the cefmetazole concentration of the retroperitoneal space exudate].
AB  - The intent of the study was to investigate the transfer of CMZ to the
      retroperitoneal space exudate after hysterectomy (11 cases of simple abdominal
      hysterectomy and 6 cases of radical hysterectomy). Concentration of CMZ in the
      lymphnode was also measured in 2 cases. The results were as follows.
      Concentration in the retroperitoneal space exudate of CMZ after administration
      (intravenous drip infusion 1 or 2 g/hour) reached its peak 2 hours after
      administration (approximately 1 hour later than its peak in the blood). The peak
      level in the exudate was 1/3 to 2/3 of the peak level in the blood. After 2
      hours, the concentration of CMZ in the exudate decreased gradually. The
      concentration of CMZ in the retroperitoneal space exudate in cases of simple
      abdominal hysterectomy was higher than in those of radical hysterectomy. After 1
      to 3 days of radical hysterectomy, the transfer of CMZ into the exudate was as
      good as the transfer of that in the period immediately after operation. CMZ
      concentration in the lymphnode in the cases of radical hysterectomy reached 9 to
      13 micrograms/mg approximately 1 hour after the start of CMZ administration (d.i.
      2 g in 1 hour). Research results suggest that lymph circulation, in addition to
      blood stream, plays an important role in the transfer of antibiotics toward the
      pelvic dead space.

PMID- 6581340
TI  - [Evaluation of the disc sensitivity test for cefmetazole].
AB  - Susceptibilities of 198 strains of 31 bacterial species to cefmetazole (CMZ) were
      determined by the 2-fold agar dilution method in parallel with the diameter of
      inhibition zone by the single-disc method, under the experimental condition
      established by Kanzazwa. The experiments demonstrated significant correlation
      between MIC by the dilution method and diameter of inhibition zone in each of
      conventional assay of the overnight (about 16 hours) incubation, delayed assay
      (about 24 hours incubation), and rapid assay (about 3-4 or 5-6 hours incubation),
      thus confirming applicability of the single-disc assay for CMZ. Analysis of the
      data obtained by using CMZ disc containing 30 micrograms revealed the primary
      regression equation to be: D (diameter, mm) = 27.9-11.2 log MIC (micrograms/ml)
      in conventional assay, D = 34.5-13.8 log MIC (microgram/ml) in delayed assay D =
      18.1-6.0 log MIC (microgram/ml) in 3-4 hours rapid assay and D = 22.9-8.5 log MIC
      (microgram/ml) in 5-6 hours rapid assay, respectively. The range of variations in
      MICs estimated from the diameter of inhibition zone by the disc test was then
      calculated in comparison with that in MIC determined by the 2-fold agar dilution
      assays, as reference for the experimental errors which may be involved in the
      estimation of MIC of CMZ by the single-disc assay.

PMID- 6581341
TI  - [Clinical effect of cefotetan against infectious diseases in obstetrics and
      gynaecology].
AB  - Clinical study on cefotetan (CTT), a new cephamycin antibiotic, was carried out
      and the following results were obtained. CTT was intravenously administered at a
      daily dose of 2 to 4 g to 24 cases including 10 cases with intrauterine
      infection, 2 cases with adnexitis, 6 cases with intrapelvic infection and 6 cases
      with extragenital infection. Marked response was seen in 8 cases, moderate
      response in 15 and no response in 1. Neither side effects nor abnormal values in
      clinical laboratory tests were observed.

PMID- 6581342
TI  - [Evaluation of cefotetan in obstetrics and gynecology].
AB  - Fundamental and clinical studies on gynecological use of cefotetan (CTT), a new
      cephamycin antibiotic, were performed with following results. Following the
      intravenous administration of 2.0 g of CTT, T 1/2 beta in serum was 3.1 hours and
      longer than the previous cephamycin antibiotics. The yields of CTT from serum to
      various uterine tissues and discharge from retroperitoneum were about 30
      approximately 50%. In clinical use, 14 patients with gynecological infections
      were administrated CTT, and it showed excellent or good efficacy in all patients.
      No side effects were noted except 1 transient disturbance in liver function.

PMID- 6581343
TI  - [Clinical study of cefotetan in obstetrics and gynecology].
AB  - A new cephamycin antibiotic, cefotetan, was administered intramuscularly to 45
      patients with female genital infections including 2 cases with abscess of
      Bartholin's gland, 14 cases with endometritis, 23 cases with adnexitis and 6
      cases with pelvic peritonitis. The daily doses of the drug were 1 to 3 g, with 2
      g daily being the most frequent regimen. The treatment was given twice daily in
      most patients. All cases responded to the drug, and marked response was seen in
      22 cases and moderate response in 23. The eradication rate for causative
      organisms was 64.3%. In 16 cases of S. faecalis, it was rather low at 37.5%.
      Neither side effects nor abnormalities in clinical laboratory findings
      attributable to the drug were seen.

PMID- 6581344
TI  - [Experimental and clinical evaluation of cefotetan in obstetrics and gynecology].
AB  - Fundamental and clinical studies on a new cephamycin antibiotic, cefotetan (CTT)
      was carried out under a joint study programme, in order to evaluate the
      usefulness of the drug in treating infections of the female genital organs. The
      results obtained were as follows. CTT was readily transported to female genital
      organ tissues, and the concentrations of the drug exceeded 20 micrograms/g in
      various organ tissues in about 1 hour, following intravenous injection of 1 g. A
      level of more than 1 microgram/g was maintained even 12 hours after the
      injection. The transport of CTT to various tissues was also studied following
      intravenous drip of 1 g in 30 minutes or 1 hour. The results were similar to
      those following intravenous injection. The peak concentration of the drug in the
      dead space exudate tended to appear slightly later than those in the organ
      tissues. However, the concentration reached a level of more than 10 micrograms/ml
      following intravenous injection of 1 g. Clinical effects of CTT were analyzed in
      225 patients, including 65 cases with intrauterine infection, 60 cases with
      intrapelvic infection, 22 cases with external genital infection, 55 cases with
      adnexitis, 8 cases with mastitis, 8 cases with postoperative wound infection and
      7 cases with other infections. Excellent response was seen in 53 (23.6%),
      moderate response in 150 (66.7%), and no response in 22 (9.8%). The rate of
      response was calculated as 90.2%. Safety of the drug was analyzed in 273
      patients, and side effects occurred in 11 (4.0%) patients. Of these 11 patients,
      rash was seen in 4 patients, rash accompanying edema in 1, rash accompanying
      diarrhea in 1, chest discomfort in 2 and feeling of general fatigue in 2.
      Abnormal values in clinical laboratory findings were seen in 10 patients.
      Elevations of transaminase were seen in 7 patients, and no other changes of
      particular note appeared.

PMID- 6581345
TI  - [Changes in S-phase CFU-c in chronic myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6581346
TI  - [Case of acute myelogenous leukemia with development of intracerebral tumor and a
      complete remission by treatment].

PMID- 6581347
TI  - [Plasma cell leukemia with 8/14 translocation].

PMID- 6581349
TI  - [Morphological evaluation of the basiphils and its diagnostic significance].

PMID- 6581348
TI  - [Extramedullary tumor-forming myelogenous leukemia presenting as serous effusion.
      Report of 2 cases].

PMID- 6581350
TI  - [FAB classification--morphological problems and myelodysplastic syndrome].

PMID- 6581351
TI  - [Efficacy of radioisotope diagnosis in bone marrow diseases--report of 2 cases].

PMID- 6581352
TI  - [Surgical treatment of the ductus arteriosus in premature infants--early surgical
      ligation].

PMID- 6581353
TI  - Oral cancer and mouthwash use.

PMID- 6581354
TI  - Chromosomes, genes, and cancer: a classification of chromosome abnormalities in
      cancer.

PMID- 6581355
TI  - Nipple aspirate cytology for the study of breast cancer precursors.
AB  - The association of abnormal nonmalignant cells in nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) and
      atypical proliferative disease (APD) of breast ducts was examined in the presence
      and absence of breast cancer in 134 patients. A high frequency of NAF samples
      with cellular abnormalities (atypical hyperplasia) was found when APD occurred
      with either breast cancer (70%) or benign breast biopsy specimens (54%). APD was
      present in 27 malignant cases (80%) and in 39 benign cases (39%). Inasmuch as APD
      may represent an intermediate step in the malignant transformation of duct
      epithelium, the cytologic examination of NAF offers a new approach with which to
      study the spectrum of breast cancer precursors and to assist in identifying women
      at risk for breast cancer.

PMID- 6581356
TI  - Setting priorities for occupational cancer research and control: synthesis of the
      results of occupational disease surveillance studies.
AB  - The objectives of this paper were 1) to identify occupations with potentially
      high cancer risk by combining the results of 12 major occupational disease
      surveillance studies, 2) to develop a quantitative methodology for accomplishing
      the first objective, and 3) to make recommendations concerning priorities for
      occupational cancer research and control on the basis of the results of this
      analysis in conjunction with other available epidemiologic, industrial hygiene,
      toxicologic, and employment data. It was suggested that the first priority be the
      investigation and control of occupational exposure to asbestos, particularly in
      the automobile repair and construction industries. Of the 34 occupational groups
      found to be at high risk for lung cancer in this analysis, 18 have potential
      asbestos exposure. The second priority was suggested to be research into the
      consistent lung-cancer excess found among motor vehicle drivers. This excess may
      be due to occupational exposure to diesel and gasoline engine exhaust, to
      cigarette smoking, or to both of these factors.

PMID- 6581357
TI  - Screening for possible drug carcinogenicity: second report of findings.
AB  - Cancer development was followed up through 1978 in 143,574 outpatients who were
      identified on the basis of computer-stored drug-dispensing data as users of
      various medicinal drugs during the 4-year period starting in July 1969. Screening
      analyses were repeated for the 95 most commonly used drugs and drug groups, which
      were reported previously after a shorter follow-up, and it was found that several
      drug-cancer associations had either gained or lost statistical significance since
      the report. Screening of 120 additional less commonly used drugs revealed one
      negative and 43 positive drug-cancer associations. A few of these associations
      suggested interesting new hypotheses about possible drug effects, but further
      study is required before conclusions on causality can be drawn. The absence of
      association with cancer for many drugs provides some provisional assurance for
      the absence of carcinogenicity, but further follow-up is needed to rule out later
      effects.

PMID- 6581358
TI  - Role of plasminogen in matrix breakdown by neoplastic cells.
AB  - Destruction of the extracellular matrix is often observed during tumor invasion,
      and proteolytic enzymes may participate actively in the degradation of matrix
      proteins. The present report elucidates the role of plasminogen in the
      degradation by tumor cells of an in vitro elaborated extracellular matrix.
      Matrices produced by rat smooth muscle cells in the presence of [3H]proline or
      [3H]fucose were used as substrates for human fibrosarcoma cells (HT-1080), mouse
      melanoma cells (B16F1), or human rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD). All three cell
      lines degraded part of the glycoprotein compartment of the matrix. HT-1080 cells
      digested the matrices in a density-dependent manner, and while matrix
      glycoprotein degradation was plasminogen-dependent at the beginning of the
      experiment and at low cell densities, the zymogen was not essential for further
      glycoprotein digestion at high cell densities. Depletion of plasminogen from the
      growth medium resulted in a threefold reduction of matrix degradation by B16F1
      cells showing a distinct plasminogen dependency at low cell numbers. RD cells
      digested only matrix glycoproteins, and this degradation was completely dependent
      on the presence of plasminogen at all cell densities. These results suggested
      that plasmin generated from plasminogen by a tumor cell-associated plasminogen
      activator may be most important for matrix hydrolysis at low cell densities, and
      while certain tumor cell lines showed a definite plasminogen-independent matrix
      degradation with increased cell numbers, other neoplastic cells hydrolyzed the
      matrix only in the presence of the zymogen at all cell densities.

PMID- 6581359
TI  - Cytokinetic and cytotoxic effects of urea on HeLa cells in suspension cultures.
AB  - Total and viable cell counts, differential mitotic cell counts, and incorporation
      of tritiated thymidine were used to study the kinetics of suspension cultures of
      HeLa cells exposed to urea concentrations of 0.5-1.5%. Aside from any nonspecific
      osmotic effects, urea concentrations of 1.0-1.4% exhibited significant
      cytokinetic and cytotoxic effects. Most characteristically, mitotic cells
      arrested in metaphase began to accumulate 4-6 hours after addition of urea and
      reached a peak at 15-18 hours. Thus when the cells were in the S-phase or at the
      S/G2 boundary at the time of addition of urea, they exhibited metaphase arrest.
      Subsequently, cultures continuously exposed to urea showed a decline in the
      mitotic index, indicating that the entry rate of cells into mitosis is lower than
      the rate at which cells escape from the mitotic block. Such cultures exhibited
      numerous abnormal and abortive mitoses and a decrease in growth and viability of
      the cell populations. In contrast to the initial single wave of arrested mitosis
      seen with continuous exposure to urea, intermittent exposure on alternate days
      resulted in successive waves of arrested metaphases and had considerably more
      pronounced effects on the growth and viability of the cultures.

PMID- 6581360
TI  - Growth, metastasis, immunogenicity, and chromosomal content of a nickel-induced
      rhabdomyosarcoma and subsequent cloned cell lines in rats.
AB  - Karyotype patterns, growth, metastasis, and immunogenicity were compared in a
      rhabdomyosarcoma induced by a single injection of metallic nickel with those in
      subsequent tumor-cloned cell lines. The primary tumor was induced in a male WAG
      rat by im injection of 20 mg nickel powder. The parental cell line (9-4/0) and 8
      cell subpopulations (J 9-4) isolated from a primary tumor by cloning on agarose
      were examined. The tumor cell dose inducing tumors in 50% of the animals after sc
      injection (TD50) and the in vitro growth characteristics showed a marked
      heterogeneity between parental and cloned tumor cell lines. In vitro doubling
      times and saturation densities were also heterogeneous without showing a
      discernible relationship with TD50. Chromosome patterns of the cell lines
      exhibited very similar modal numbers, whereas chromosome numbers were somewhat
      different; neither of these exhibited any correlation with tumorigenicity.
      Parental cell line 9-4/0 expressed a significant degree of immunogenicity, but it
      did not protect against pulmonary metastasis in immunized rats. Among 6 clones
      studied, only clone J 9-4/2 appeared to be immunogenic and reduced metastatic
      spread. The relevance of the comparison between the different characteristics is
      discussed.

PMID- 6581361
TI  - Drug-induced immunogenic changes of murine leukemia cells: dissociation of onset
      of resistance and emergence of novel immunogenicity.
AB  - n vivo exposure of tumor-bearing mice to the antineoplastic agent 5-(3,3-dimethyl
      1-triazenyl)-1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC) results in increased
      immunogenicity of tumor cells, an event often referred to as "chemical
      xenogenization" (CX). To verify the hypothesis of DTIC-induced somatic
      mutation(s) as the major mechanism underlying CX, studies were performed to
      dissociate CX from the onset of drug resistance, which was invoked in the past as
      an event leading to selection of preexisting immunogenic clones. Therefore,
      experiments were done with a DTIC-susceptible tumor line treated with DTIC and
      quinacrine dihydrochloride (Q), an antimutagenic compound, according to selected
      experimental schedules. At different transplant generations, the CX and the onset
      of drug resistance were evaluated. The results show that a) Q does not prevent
      the onset of DTIC resistance, b) DTIC-resistant clones arising after treatment
      with DTIC plus Q are not immunogenic, and c) CX is selectively antagonized by Q.
      The present data confirm that DTIC-induced immunogenicity is not the result of a
      selection mechanism mediated by the drug and give further support to the
      hypothesis that the molecular mechanism of CX may be related to somatic
      mutation(s).

PMID- 6581363
TI  - Carcinogenicity of dipyrone in (C57BL/6 X C3H)F1 mice.
AB  - The carcinogenicity of dipyrone (sulpyrin)--[(2,3-dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2
      phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4 -yl) methylamino]methanesulfonic acid sodium salt monohydrate
      -which is widely used as an antipyretic anodyne in Japan and in some European
      countries, was examined in 314 (C57BL/6 X C3H)F1 mice. Male animals were given
      0.5% (group I-a) or 0.125% (group I-b) dipyrone in their drinking water for 78
      weeks, and female animals were given 1.0% (group II-a) or 0.25% (group II-b)
      dipyrone in their drinking water for 78 weeks; both males and females were
      observed for 86 weeks. Twenty-seven of 48 (56%) group I-a animals and 36 of 44
      (82%) group II-a animals developed hepatic tumors, and the tumors in group II-a
      mice developed earlier than those in the control animals. The tumor incidences
      were significantly higher than those of 8 of 44 (18%) and 3 of 51 (6%) in the
      respective control groups. The multiplicity of the hepatic tumors was also
      significantly increased in groups I-a, I-b, and II-a. Hepatic adenoma incidence
      was related to the dose of dipyrone in the males. These results show that
      dipyrone enhances the development of hepatic tumors in mice.

PMID- 6581362
TI  - Phenylthioalkylamines in experimental tumor treatment in mice.
AB  - Two phenylthioalkylamines, phenylthioethylamine (PTEA) and phenylthiopropylamine
      (PTPA), were prepared and tested for cytotoxicity in vitro and as antitumor
      agents in (C57BL X DBA/2)F1 (BDF1) mice. Low concentrations of PTEA (median
      effective concentrations of 8.0, 12.0, and 1.3 micrograms PTEA/ml) inhibited the
      growth of P388 murine lymphoma, L1210 leukemia, and B16 melanoma cells in
      culture. PTPA was more effective; concentrations of 0.80, 0.56, and 0.35
      micrograms PTPA/ml inhibited the growth of P388, L1210, and B16 in vitro by 50%.
      PTEA and PTPA treatment increased survival times in BDF1 mice bearing the P388
      lymphoma, L1210 leukemia, B16 melanoma, and Lewis lung tumors. Multiple daily
      administrations of the test compounds were more effective than single daily
      injections in increasing the life-span in mice bearing the P388 lymphoma and B16
      melanoma. Both PTEA and PTPA inhibited the enzyme copper-zinc superoxide
      dismutase.

PMID- 6581364
TI  - Effect of various levels of dietary butylated hydroxyanisole on
      methylazoxymethanol acetate-induced colon carcinogenesis in CF1 mice.
AB  - The effect of dietary butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) on methylazoxymethanol (MAM)
      acetate-induced colon carcinogenesis was studied in female CF1 mice fed the NIH
      07 open formula diet and the AIN-76 semipurified diet. BHA levels in the
      experimental diets were 0.6% in the AIN-76 diet and 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.6% in
      the NIH-07 diet. Starting at 5 weeks of age, groups of mice were fed diets with
      or without BHA. At 7 weeks of age, all animals except vehicle-treated controls
      were given ip injections of MAM acetate (15 mg/kg body wt), four times in 11 days
      (low dose) and eight times in 22 days (high dose). Animals were fed their
      experimental diets until 2 weeks after carcinogen treatment, when those receiving
      the BHA diets were fed their respective control diets without BHA until
      termination of the experiment. With a low dose of carcinogen, BHA in the NIH-07
      diet inhibited lung tumor incidences in a dose-related manner; with a high dose
      of carcinogen the inhibition was apparent with 0.1-0.6% BHA. Lung tumor incidence
      was lower in the low carcinogen treated group fed the AIN-76 diet containing 0.6%
      BHA than in the animals fed the diet without BHA. Colon tumor incidence was lower
      in mice fed the NIH-07 diet containing 0.3 and 0.6% BHA and treated with a low
      dose of carcinogen than in the animals fed no BHA; colon tumor multiplicity
      (adenomas/animal and adenomas/tumor-bearing animal) was inhibited in mice fed the
      diets containing 0.03-0.6% BHA. In groups given a high dose of MAM acetate, the
      NIH-07 diet with 0.03-0.6% BHA and the AIN-76 diet with 0.6% BHA greatly
      inhibited colon tumor incidence and multiplicity.

PMID- 6581365
TI  - Experimental induction of pancreatic carcinomas in the hamster with N delta-(N
      methyl-N-nitrosocarbamoyl)-L-ornithine.
AB  - Carcinomas of the pancreas, stomach, and breast, as well as mesotheliomas and
      ovarian stromal tumors, were induced in Syrian golden hamsters treated with N
      delta-(N-methyl-N-nitrosocarbamoyl)-L-ornithine (MNCO), which has previously been
      shown to cause pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas in rats. The pancreatic
      carcinomas in hamsters appeared ductlike. The nonneoplastic and preneoplastic
      lesions induced in the hamster pancreas included cystic ductal complexes, tubular
      complexes, intraductal hyperplasia and atypical hyperplasia, focal eosinophilic
      metaplasia, and foci of atypical acinar cells. High doses of 654 mg MNCO/kg body
      weight were cytotoxic for acinar cells and caused atrophy of the pancreas.
      Alkaline elution analysis of DNA from acinar cells treated in culture with MNCO
      showed an increased rate of elution characteristic of single-strand breaks. A
      group of hamsters treated with a low dose of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP)
      developed pancreatic lesions similar to those seen when a subcarcinogenic dose of
      MNCO was given. The results suggest that MNCO affects both acinar and ductal
      cells in the hamster and that the response of the hamster pancreas to MNCO and
      BOP is similar in many respects.

PMID- 6581366
TI  - Lack of correlation of growth attenuation of murine lymphoma caused by in vitro
      passage with loss of lactate dehydrogenase virus.
AB  - Previous studies demonstrated that 6C3HED, a transplantable murine lymphosarcoma,
      could be modulated by long-term in vitro culture to yield cell lines with
      attenuated growth characteristics in vivo. The present studies examine the role
      of lactate dehydrogenase virus (LDV) infection in this phenomenon. LDV, a
      potentially immunosuppressive virus, was present in the parent tumor maintained
      by serial transfer in vivo. Explantation and serial propagation in vitro
      eliminated the virus. Two LDV-free in vitro lines (6C3HED/A and 6C3HED/B) were
      examined by being grafted into LDV-negative mice. Line 6C3HED/A behaved
      virulently, growing in a similar fashion as the parent tumor. In contrast, line
      6C3HED/B demonstrated the same initial growth rate as the parent tumor, but it
      was rapidly and regularly rejected by grafted mice. Prior infection of mice with
      LDV did not affect the growth characteristics of these lines. Thus the growth
      characteristics of the parent, 6C3HED/A, or 6C3HED/B tumor were not correlated
      with infection with LDV.

PMID- 6581367
TI  - Enhanced immunogenicity of line 10 guinea pig hepatocarcinoma cells after
      culture.
AB  - Line 10 hepatocarcinoma cells derived from ascites in a strain 2 guinea pig were
      tumorigenic when transferred intradermally. After they had been cultured in vitro
      for 20 days or more in medium enriched with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), they
      became immunogenic. Injections of immunogenic cells did not cause lethal tumors,
      and recipients were resistant to subsequent challenges with tumorigenic line 10
      cells. Resistance was specific since growth of line 1 cells, a syngeneic but
      antigenically distinct tumor, was not affected. Cells cultured in medium enriched
      with 10% calf bovine serum or 10% normal guinea pig serum or in reduced
      concentrations of FBS were less effective in inducing resistance. When cultured
      line 10 cells were injected ip into normal guinea pigs, ascites tumors developed
      that were tumorigenic. The growth rate of line 10 cells in culture was
      considerably decreased as determined by reduced [3H]thymidine incorporation and
      mitotic indices. The mechanism(s) responsible for enhancement of immunogenicity
      in cultured line 10 cells is discussed but was not determined.

PMID- 6581368
TI  - Subarachnoid hemorrhage: review of 223 cases from a municipal teaching hospital.

PMID- 6581369
TI  - The use of the laser in gynecology.

PMID- 6581370
TI  - Evaluation of a South Carolina perinatal outreach education program.

PMID- 6581371
TI  - Health promotion activities in South Carolina manufacturing industries-
      implications for the physician.

PMID- 6581372
TI  - [Essential thrombocythemia developing into acute leukemia].

PMID- 6581373
TI  - Extremely decreased release of prostaglandin E2-like activity from chopped lung
      of ethyl linolenate-supplemented rats.
AB  - Three groups of weanling male rats were reared on a fat-free diet for 13 weeks.
      One group received only the fat-free diet (FF rats), the other 2 groups received
      the fat-free diet and a daily supplement of 2 energy% ethyl linoleate ([n-6]
      rats), or 2 energy% ethyl linolenate ([n-3] rats). The chopped lung preparation
      was used to illustrate an in vitro prostaglandin formation. PGE2-like activity
      was quantified on rat stomach strip. The release of PGE2-like activity expressed
      as ng PGE2-equivalent per g lung tissue (mean +/- SD) was 23 +/- 7, less than 6,
      and 65 +/- 20 for the FF rats, the (n-3) rats, and the (n-6) rats, respectively.
      PGE2 quantification by radioimmunoassay of the chopped lung effluent collected
      after passing over the rat stomach strip revealed the same release pattern as the
      bioassay. Fractionation of chopped lung effluent on HPLC with radioimmunoassay
      detection indicated that the lung tissue from (n-3) rats released very little
      PGE3, if any, in spite of a 20:5(n-3)/20:4(n-6) ratio of 5.2 in the lipids of the
      lung. It is suggested that the pool of arachidonic acid for prostaglandin
      production in vitro is different from the one which functions in vivo, and the
      these pools are differently affected by dietary EFA.

PMID- 6581374
TI  - [Psychological distress among parents of children with acute lymphatic leukemia.
      1st follow-up].

PMID- 6581375
TI  - Apparent resistance to mutagenesis by ionizing radiation, and some other unusual
      responses.
AB  - It is pointed out that in some species it is very difficult or even apparently
      impossible to get genetic visible marker mutants by means of ionizing radiation.
      Such results are not as a rule published. Species in which no mutants at all
      could be obtained, after what seem to be adequate efforts by several geneticists
      are Limnaea peregra, Rhynchosciara angelae, Coelopa frigida, Oncopeltus
      fasciatus, Dermestes maculatus. Published data on Sciara, Tribolium, Blattella,
      in which a relative difficulty in getting mutants is reported, are discussed and
      compared to many other forms in which obtaining marker mutants is on the contrary
      easy. What appears to be very abnormal mutagenesis is described in Drosophila
      busckii, which yielded an unusual frequency of autosomal dominants, and
      Drosophila nebulosa, in which only very poor mutants could be obtained. Possible
      reasons for all these departures from the usual are discussed. No firm
      conclusions are reached, but one is led to consider the possible effects of
      overall chromosome structure, presence or absence of heterochromatin, and
      multiplicity at the single locus or single polytene band level. There seems to be
      no relation between the rates of induction of dominant lethality and of point
      mutation for visible markers.

PMID- 6581376
TI  - Homology in the transfer origins of broad host range IncP plasmids: definition of
      two subgroups of P plasmids.
AB  - The transfer systems of broad host range IncP plasmids are increasingly used in
      the genetic analysis and manipulation of many gram-negative bacteria. We have
      examined the structural and functional relatedness of the transfer origins of ten
      different broad host range plasmids which belong to the IncP incompatibility
      group. The data reported here, together with our results on relatedness of the
      replication segments of these plasmids, demonstrate that the genomes of all IncP
      plasmids share extensive sequence homology in the regions specifying the transfer
      origin and replication functions. The homology results reveal the existence of
      two subclasses among IncP plasmids, designated here as IncP alpha and IncP beta.
      Furthermore, a functional analysis of the transfer origins of IncP plasmids
      suggests strongly that the DNA-nicking relaxation complex (Guiney and Helinski
      1979) is required for plasmid transfer during conjugation.

PMID- 6581378
TI  - Immunological comparison of individual ribosomal proteins in six species of the
      genus Podospora.
AB  - The ribosomal proteins of six species belonging to the genus Podospora have been
      compared by electrophoretical and immunological methods. The important
      variability in the electrophoretical properties is similar to other lower
      eukaryotes but we could specify the extent of the variability of the r-proteins
      by the analysis of immunological relationships between individual proteins.
      Radioimmuno-detection of ribosomal proteins blotted on nitrocellulose sheets
      after separation on two-dimensional gels, was used to determine common antigenic
      sites on the r-proteins of the different species. These sites may be present on
      proteins that do or do not have identical electrophoretical mobilities.
      Furthermore, the proteins which co-migrate do not necessarily cross-react.

PMID- 6581377
TI  - Possible plasmid involvement in turimycin production in Streptomyces
      hygroscopicus.
AB  - Streptomyces hygroscopicus JA 6599 is the producer of the macrolide antibiotic
      turimycin. Mapping analysis by conventional matings and protoplast fusion
      techniques were carried out. The sequence of auxotrophic markers determined by
      using the method of minimizing the frequency of quadruple crossover recombinants,
      could be shown to be in accordance with the related marker sequence of
      Streptomyces coelicolor after both conjugation and protoplast fusion. However,
      the tur locus could localized between chromosomal markers only assuming quadruple
      crossover. Moreover, after conventional crosses the tur marker has to be
      localized at quite another site than after protoplast fusion. Regarding also our
      results on the evidence of extrachromosomal DNA in strains of S. hygroscopicus,
      the following hypothesis is proposed: the structural genes for turimycin
      biosynthesis are localized on the bacterial genome, but plasmid-borne genes might
      be involved in the control of the antibiotic production in a yet unknown way,
      possibly by inducing chromosomal rearrangements.

PMID- 6581379
TI  - The case for gloves.

PMID- 6581380
TI  - Disc derangements of the temporomandibular joint: definitive diagnosis with
      arthrography.

PMID- 6581381
TI  - Kinetic behaviour and allosteric regulation of human deoxycytidylate deaminase
      derived from leukemic cells.
AB  - Deoxycytidylate deaminase has been highly purified (1232-fold) from human
      leukemia CCRF-CEM cells. The native molecular weight of the enzyme is 108 000 and
      subunit molecular weight 50 500, suggesting that the native enzyme exists as a
      dimer. The enzyme exhibits a sigmoidal initial velocity vs substrate
      concentration curve and is regulated by allosteric effectors, dCTP and TTP. The
      curve relating substrate concentration to initial velocity was changed from a
      sigmoidal shape to a hyperbolic one by the activator dCTP, while the inhibitor
      TTP increased the sigmoidicity of the curve. The molecular weight of
      deoxycytidylate deaminase was unchanged in the presence of allosteric effectors,
      indicating that aggregation-disaggregation is not the basis of regulation.
      Deoxycytidylate deaminase exhibited the greatest affinity for the substrate dCMP,
      with lesser affinity for ara-CMP, and least affinity for CMP. Ara-CMP was an
      effective substrate in the presence of dCTP concentrations exceeding 4 microM.
      These data indicate that human neoplastic cell deoxycytidylate deaminase is a
      highly regulated allosteric enzyme, which is likely to have a significant
      influence on cellular dUMP, dCTP and TTP pools. These findings further suggest,
      that the enzyme through its influence on dUMP levels is likely to modulate the
      biochemical effects of pyrimidine antimetabolites active against the thymidylate
      synthetase reaction and in the presence of elevated dCTP pools will promote
      deamination of ara-CMP to the inactive ara-UMP.

PMID- 6581382
TI  - Large-scale purification of murine I-Ak and I-Ek antigens and characterization of
      the purified proteins.
AB  - Detailed analysis of the role of the structural characteristics of these
      molecules will require isolation of relatively large amounts of these antigens in
      serologically active form. We have purified murine Ia antigens on a large scale
      by affinity chromatography using monoclonal antibodies coupled to Sepharose 4B.
      Both I-Ak and I-Ek were isolated by sequential passage of cell lysate over
      columns prepared using specific monoclonal antibodies. Elution of the bound
      antigens required high pH (11-12) but, nonetheless, the purified material was 50
      75% serologically active. Using LPS-stimulated spleen cells or B-lymphocyte tumor
      cells as starting material, 0.5 mg of each antigen can be readily purified. Based
      on antigen yields, it can be estimated that normal B-cells have about the same
      surface density of Class I and Class II MHC antigens. LPS blasts, in contrast,
      have normal levels of Class I antigen but 3-5 times higher levels of Class II
      antigens. We have now purified I-Ak and I-Ek from a number of different cell
      sources and have noted differences in both the mol. wts of the alpha- and beta
      chains and in their apparent associations with cytoskeletal components. Proteins
      having the same apparent mol. wts as actin and myosin co-purify with both I-Ak
      and I-Ek antigens from various sources. These proteins do not co-purify with H-2K
      and D molecules obtained by similar methods, suggesting that Ia antigens may
      specifically interact with cytoskeletal elements.

PMID- 6581383
TI  - Invariant proteins associated with guinea-pig Ia antigens.
AB  - Analysis of guinea-pig Ia immunoprecipitates by two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis demonstrated the specific association of Ia molecules with
      several types of invariant proteins. These include a 33,000 mol. wt basic protein
      homologous to murine invariant chain (Ii), and a set of 34,000-36,000 mol. wt
      proteins more acidic than Ii (acidic invariant chain). Two 23,000-25,000 mol. wt
      non-polymorphic proteins with pIs of 6.0 and 6.5 were also observed in
      association with Ia, as was a basic protein of mol. wt 42,000. Pulse/chase
      studies using [35S]methionine demonstrated that Ii, but not acidic invariant
      chain, was associated with newly synthesized Ia molecules. The amount of 35S-Ii
      decreased greatly throughout the chase period. 35S-acidic invariant chain was
      clearly present in Ia precipitates by 30 min after Ia synthesis, but was not
      detected 4 hr after synthesis. Only acidic invariant chain was associated with
      mature Ia antigens bound by the lectin Ricinus communis I. Our results indicate
      that guinea-pig invariant proteins are differentially bound by Ia molecules
      during maturation of Ia alpha- and beta-chains, and suggest that acidic invariant
      chain could be a processed form of Ii.

PMID- 6581384
TI  - DNA polymorphism of the C4 genes. A new marker for analysis of the major
      histocompatibility complex.
AB  - Polymorphisms of the proteins encoded by genes that lie within the major
      histocompatibility complex (MHC) have served as useful markers for organ
      transplantation and in genetic analysis of a large number of MHC-linked diseases.
      To extend the range of MHC polymorphic markers, we used a complementary-DNA probe
      specific for the fourth component of human complement (C4) to identify a new
      variant within the MHC. Polymorphic variants at the DNA level were detected among
      subjects with identical phenotypes of the corresponding protein. C4 genomic
      polymorphisms are inherited with the segment of the short arm of chromosome 6
      that carries the HLA-DR and complement loci. The autosomal codominant mode of
      inheritance of this genetic marker and its utility for evaluation of 21
      hydroxylase-deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia, one of the many MHC-linked
      diseases, were established.

PMID- 6581385
TI  - Cornstarch therapy in type I glycogen-storage disease.

PMID- 6581386
TI  - Post-induction treatment of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6581387
TI  - [Maxillary hyperplasia. Various aspects of the Le Fort 1-osteotomy].

PMID- 6581388
TI  - [Referral behavior and indications. A case report].

PMID- 6581389
TI  - [Cold-polymerized hard resins for lining the denture in the mouth].

PMID- 6581390
TI  - [Assessment of dental skills: a systematic approach].

PMID- 6581391
TI  - A flurry about the pill.

PMID- 6581392
TI  - Services for the elderly.

PMID- 6581393
TI  - Early experiences with alcohol: a survey of an eight and nine year old sample.
AB  - An interview study of 743 eight and nine year old children, and their mothers,
      investigated the children's experiences with alcohol. There was a high level of
      personal experience with alcohol: over 90% of the children have had a least a sip
      of alcohol and a quarter of the children have a sip in a typical month. This
      reflects the use of alcohol in a family setting by the parents of the sample, and
      when asked for their source of information about alcohol the majority of children
      said it came from first hand experience or conversation within the family.
      However, one-third of the children mentioned television as their source. The
      effects of alcohol were perceived by the majority of the children primarily as
      short-term effects indicating drunkenness and a third of the children had been
      aware of alcohol-related problems within their own environment.

PMID- 6581394
TI  - Subacute cardiac rupture: a surgical emergency.
AB  - Three cases of subacute cardiac rupture following acute myocardial infarction are
      described. All three patients experienced sudden collapse during convalescence
      and following cardiopulmonary resuscitation were in cardiogenic shock, the shock
      being due to haemopericardium causing cardiac tamponade. Two of the patients who
      had electrocardiographic monitoring at the time of their collapse showed nodal
      bradycardia and were apnoeic and unconscious with no recordable blood pressure
      (electromechanical dissociation). The diagnosis was confirmed in all three
      patients by echocardiography which showed pericardial fluid. The patients were
      referred for urgent cardiac surgery (infarctectomy and Teflon patching) without
      further investigation. All three patients survived the emergency operation, but
      two died soon after surgery. The third patient is alive and well five months
      after the operation.

PMID- 6581395
TI  - Appendicectomy drains: a case controlled study.
AB  - Between January 1967 and January 1971, 323 patients underwent appendicectomy at
      the Royal Brisbane Hospital. Intraperitoneal and wound drains were used in 53 of
      these patients, and these were matched with 53 control patients. There were more
      complications in drained than non-drained patients, although there were more
      wound problems in the latter group. Twenty-seven patients developed infective
      complications after drain removal. The drained patients remained in hospital four
      days longer than their controls. It is suggested that drains were removed before
      suppuration had time to take place. It is recommended that drains be left in situ
      for at least ten days.

PMID- 6581396
TI  - Reflux nephropathy revisited.

PMID- 6581397
TI  - Developments in diagnosis in psychiatry.

PMID- 6581398
TI  - The child with a chronic or recurrent cough.

PMID- 6581399
TI  - GMS benefit.

PMID- 6581400
TI  - A rational approach to the future.

PMID- 6581402
TI  - The Medical Council and medical education.

PMID- 6581401
TI  - Antimicrobial prescribing errors in children.

PMID- 6581403
TI  - Analgesia and dextropropoxyphene.

PMID- 6581404
TI  - Changes in education for professionals interested in the treatment of alcohol
      problems.

PMID- 6581405
TI  - Childhood development.

PMID- 6581406
TI  - Abortion 1982.

PMID- 6581407
TI  - Inquiry into death.

PMID- 6581408
TI  - Deaths from drugs and poisons.
AB  - In the eight years from 1975 to 1982, 11 262 ***coronial**autopsies were
      performed in the School of Medicine, Auckland. Three hundred and ninety-four of
      the deaths were due to the action of a drug or poison. In this paper we examine
      the motives and circumstances, age and sex distribution, drugs used and other
      aspects of these 394 deaths.

PMID- 6581409
TI  - Abnormally patent eustachian tube syndrome.
AB  - Seven new cases of abnormally patent eustachian tube syndrome are presented. It
      is an uncommon disorder in which the voice and breathing are heard loudly in the
      affected ear. In mild cases blocked ear sensation may be the only symptom. The
      common predisposing causes are rapid weight loss and pregnancy. It usually
      resolves without surgical intervention. An occasional patient is extremely
      distressed by the symptoms.

PMID- 6581410
TI  - The management of primary open-angle glaucoma.

PMID- 6581411
TI  - Private medical insurance in New Zealand: issues of membership and growth.
AB  - Questions concerning ownership of private medical insurance were included in a
      recent Department of Statistics' survey of a random sample of almost 7000 New
      Zealanders. The results indicated that 35% of those surveyed owned private
      medical insurance and such ownership was significantly related to various social,
      demographic and health related variables. The findings are discussed in terms of
      the possibilities for growth of private medical insurance and the implications of
      such growth for both the public and the private health care sectors.

PMID- 6581412
TI  - Contraceptive knowledge, contraceptive use, and pregnancy risk experience among
      young Manawatu women.
AB  - The contraceptive knowledge, use, and desire for information of never-married
      Manawatu women aged 16-19 years were examined, distinguishing between respondents
      with and without pregnancy risk (coital) experience. Overall, 45.7% of the women
      had ever been at risk, the percentage varying positively with age. Awareness of
      contraceptive methods (especially the pill and condom) was widespread,
      particularly among the sexually experienced, a higher percentage of whom had also
      ever wanted and sought contraceptive information. Women who had never been at
      risk were less knowledgeable, fewer had ever wanted information (19.3%) and about
      one-third knew of no source of contraceptive information. Few (7.9%) of the
      sexually experienced had never used any contraceptive methods but others (19.9%)
      had not yet employed an effective female method. These results, akin to previous
      studies, indicate a need for school-based sex education.

PMID- 6581413
TI  - Assessment of gestational maturity using a new fundal height measuring tape.
AB  - From a series of women with known conception dates, the 50th percentiles of their
      weekly fundal height measurements were used to calibrate a measuring tape. As a
      method of gestational assessment, the tape was found to be accurate to within two
      weeks of the exact dates in 79% of this control group, compared with 96% and 84%
      respectively using conventional crown rump length and biparietal diameter
      ultrasound techniques on these same patients.

PMID- 6581414
TI  - A possible explanation for the declining incidence in dental caries.

PMID- 6581415
TI  - The health status of fourth form students in Northland.
AB  - A random sample of fourth form students throughout Northland was studied.
      Uncorrected visual defects were found in 4.5% and significant hearing loss in
      9.1%. Appreciable numbers were overweight; 6.2% of boys and 22.5% of girls
      exceeded the desirable bulk index range. Levels of total cholesterol appear
      decreased compared to earlier New Zealand studies and were significantly lower
      than the Wairoa College survey levels. There was a strong correlation between
      total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. High density
      lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly higher in non-Maori than in Maori
      girls. Overall systolic blood pressure for boys at 114.3 mmHg (15.2 kPa) was
      significantly higher than for girls at 109.5 mm Hg (14.56 kPa). One-third of boys
      exceeded the adult uric acid reference range; a significantly higher proportion
      than for girls. Fifteen point one percent of boys and 23.5% of girls reported
      smoking seven or more cigarettes per week; 19.1% of boys and 9% of girls reported
      taking regular amounts of alcohol at least every weekend.

PMID- 6581416
TI  - Effects of prenatal influences on later life.

PMID- 6581417
TI  - The management of preauricular sinus.
AB  - Preauricular sinus is a common congenital condition which does not always cause
      symptoms. It is often misdiagnosed, can be difficult to treat surgically, and
      recurrences are common. The results of treatment in twelve Christchurch patients
      are discussed and a surgical technique is described.

PMID- 6581418
TI  - Communication in medicine.

PMID- 6581420
TI  - Antimicrobial prescribing.

PMID- 6581419
TI  - Medical education.

PMID- 6581421
TI  - Chronic intractable pain.

PMID- 6581422
TI  - Lithium toxicity and haemodialysis.

PMID- 6581423
TI  - Teenage drinking questioned.

PMID- 6581424
TI  - Caring for the elderly at home.

PMID- 6581426
TI  - Nurses must strive for excellence.

PMID- 6581427
TI  - Exams must reflect current health care.

PMID- 6581425
TI  - Adapting wound irrigation devices for use in orthopaedics.

PMID- 6581428
TI  - If you love them--buckle them in.

PMID- 6581430
TI  - NZNA to retain its independence.

PMID- 6581429
TI  - Nursing--a profession not a trade.

PMID- 6581431
TI  - Economics affect nurses.

PMID- 6581432
TI  - Cyclic roster meets individual needs.

PMID- 6581434
TI  - Maternal deaths - the facts.

PMID- 6581433
TI  - Nursing unemployment is a fact.

PMID- 6581435
TI  - Hospice care in a general hospital.

PMID- 6581436
TI  - Nursing research--what is it and do we need it?

PMID- 6581437
TI  - Deafness linked to behaviour problems.

PMID- 6581438
TI  - Man's oldest companion.

PMID- 6581439
TI  - Implantation of bladevents and corevents into an iliac crest augmented ridge.

PMID- 6581440
TI  - HTR (hard tissue replacement) for edentulous ridge augmentation.

PMID- 6581441
TI  - Multiple uses of resorbable tricalcium phosphate.

PMID- 6581442
TI  - Central giant cell granuloma: report of two cases.

PMID- 6581443
TI  - The claims made insurance policy explained.

PMID- 6581444
TI  - An unexpected adverse reaction due to a retained root.

PMID- 6581445
TI  - DSSNY's liaison with auxiliary organizations.

PMID- 6581447
TI  - Dental assistants' guide to radiation protection course--part 1.

PMID- 6581446
TI  - The fibroepithelial polyp - management of a case.

PMID- 6581448
TI  - Informed consent: patient's right to know takes precedence.

PMID- 6581449
TI  - Aesthetic restoration of bilaterally fused and supplemental incisors.

PMID- 6581450
TI  - Strategic extractions: periodontal and restorative considerations.

PMID- 6581451
TI  - Federal income tax on death.

PMID- 6581452
TI  - Computed tomography in diagnosis and treatment of mandibular fractures. Report of
      a case.

PMID- 6581453
TI  - Periodontal ligament injection: evaluation of systemic effects.
AB  - By means of a pistol-grip syringe, 0.3 ml. of normal saline solution, 2 percent
      lidocaine with and without 1:100,000 epinephrine, 3 percent mepivicaine, and
      1:100,000 epinephrine alone were injected into large adult dogs via the
      intravenous, intraosseous, intrapulpal, subcutaneous, periodontal, intramuscular,
      and submucosal, routes. Changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration
      were recorded in relation to the time of injection. In the quantities injected,
      normal saline solution, 2 percent lidocaine, and 3 percent mepivicaine had no
      measurable effect on the systemic parameters, regardless of the site of
      injection. Injection of 2 percent lidocaine with epinephrine and of epinephrine
      alone caused transient decreases in blood pressure and increases in heart rate.
      The results were similar, whether the injections were done intravenously,
      intraosseously, or periodontally. Systemic changes were not detected when the
      epinephrine-containing agents were injected intramuscularly, subcutaneously,
      submucosally, or intrapulpally. These results support the contention that the
      periodontal injection is intraosseous in nature and that solutions injected by
      the periodontal technique are rapidly absorbed into the systemic circulation.

PMID- 6581454
TI  - Condylar dislocation: an unusual complication observed after mandibular
      osteotomy.

PMID- 6581455
TI  - Bilateral hyperplasia of the coronoid processes in siblings.
AB  - Two cases of bilateral coronoid hyperplasia in siblings have been presented.
      These are the first reported instances of this developmental condition occurring
      in two members of a family.

PMID- 6581456
TI  - Hypersensitivity to amide local anesthetics? Report of a case.
AB  - The majority of adverse reactions to local anesthetics are either the direct
      result of pharmacologic properties of the local anesthetics and/or
      vasoconstrictors or the result of excessive anxiety. However, because of the
      insidious nature of the symptoms, many adverse reactions are mistakenly
      identified as allergic. The following case illustrates how knowledge of the above
      and persistence in evaluation can lead to proper classification of adverse
      reactions to amino-amide local anesthetics.

PMID- 6581457
TI  - The attitude of chronic hemodialysis patients toward dental treatment.
AB  - Dental care of hemodialysis and renal-transplant patients involves various
      psychological parameters. Their basic illness affects their dental anxiety, self
      image, active motivation to cope with difficulties, and appreciation of oral
      health. These parameters were measured by four specific questionnaires in fifty
      subjects: 25 renal patients and 25 matched controls. Renal patients showed
      significantly less dental anxiety than did controls, and also less concern about
      oral health. Patients' coping with difficulties was equal to controls, while
      their self-image was even more stable. The unusual findings in these patients
      demonstrate the importance of dentists' cooperation with nephrologists and
      psychiatrists.

PMID- 6581458
TI  - Noma. Report of two cases.
AB  - Noma is an infectious process involving the oral cavity and occasionally other
      structures. It is characteristically a childhood affliction, and it never occurs
      in healthy persons. Conservative treatment in debriding facial lesions greatly
      enhances reconstructive efforts.

PMID- 6581459
TI  - The use of the terms monomorphic adenoma, basal cell adenoma, and canalicular
      adenoma as applied to salivary gland tumors.
AB  - There is considerable confusion in the literature concerning the terms
      monomorphic adenoma, basal cell adenoma, and canalicular adenoma. This article
      traces the history of these terms as applied to the pathology of salivary gland
      tumors and attempts to clarify their usage. It is recommended (1) that
      monomorphic adenoma be used, as it was originally intended, as a nosologic
      grouping for all benign epithelial salivary gland tumors that are not pleomorphic
      adenomas, (2) that basal cell adenoma be used to identify a specific entity that
      is one component of the monomorphic adenoma group and exhibits a number of
      histologic subtypes, and (3) that canalicular adenoma be used to describe another
      entity, distinct from basal cell adenomas but also belonging to the monomorphic
      adenoma group.

PMID- 6581460
TI  - Oral melanoacanthoma. Review of the literature and report of ten cases.
AB  - Melanoacanthoma is a simultaneous benign proliferation of two cell types--the
      keratinocyte and the melanocyte. It is a rare lesion; only twenty cases have been
      reported on skin and three cases intraorally. This article reports a series of
      ten cases of intraoral melanoacanthoma. Significant clinical differences exist
      between skin and mucosal lesions. Whereas the skin lesions occur almost
      exclusively in white persons and in an older population, the mucosal
      melanoacanthoma occurs in a much younger population, is seen almost exclusively
      among blacks, and is frequently associated with a history of trauma or irritation
      which precedes the rapid development of the lesion. Several cases have resolved
      with incomplete removal. It is conjectured that this lesion may represent a
      reactive phenomenon on oral mucosa rather than neoplasia.

PMID- 6581461
TI  - Stereologic analysis of leukocyte infiltration in oral ulcers of developing
      Mikulicz aphthae.
AB  - Biopsy specimens of 1- to 7-day-old oral ulcers from patients with minor
      (Mikulicz), herpetiform, and Behcet's aphthae and of nonulcerated oral mucosa of
      aphthous patients were subjected to a quantitative, stereologic, electron
      microscopic analysis of the connective tissue infiltrate residing both at the
      center of and lateral to the ulcers. The data representing volume fractions and
      the numerical density of cellular and other infiltrate components demonstrated
      that (1) the infiltrate under the epithelium lateral to the ulcer is different
      from that at the ulcer's center, (2) at both sites, composition of the gross
      infiltrate does not change with age of the ulcer, (3) a large population of
      leukocytes (about 18% in the lateral and 23% in the central region) belong to the
      monocyte/macrophage series, (4) blast-forming T-lymphocytes are consistently
      present, blast-forming B-lymphocytes and plasma cells are very rare, and (5) mast
      cells are several times more numerous than in normal mucosa. In a comparison of
      the infiltrates of Mikulicz aphthae with those of herpetiform and Behcet's
      ulcers, it appears that the pathogenesis of the various oral ulcerations may well
      be diverse.

PMID- 6581462
TI  - Efficacy of apical seal of Engine Plugger condensed root canal fillings--leakage
      to dyes.
AB  - A new rotatory instrument, the Engine Plugger, that is claimed to be less fragile
      than the McSpadden Compactor, has been introduced since the recognition of
      thermomechanical compaction as a valid technique for root canal filling. The
      purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of the apical seal afforded by the
      Engine Plugger in comparison with that of an established technique, lateral
      condensation. Eighty roots with round canals prepared to size 45 were randomly
      divided into two groups: one compacted with the Engine Plugger (Group 1) and the
      other with the lateral condensation technique (Group 2). AH-26 sealer was used in
      half the specimens. Four additional roots served as controls. The roots were
      cleared following immersion in Procion brilliant green, and the maximal depth of
      penetration of the dye was measured with a stereomicroscope. Severe leakage
      occurred in both groups when sealer was not used (mean depth: 3.17 mm in Group 1;
      4.3 mm in Group 2). Addition of sealer reduced leakage significantly (p less than
      0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the depth of
      penetration of the dye between the two groups when AH-26 was used, although a
      trend in favor of the Engine Plugger method (0.15 mm versus 0.425 mm for lateral
      condensation) was noted.

PMID- 6581463
TI  - Cold as a diagnostic aid in cases of irreversible pulpitis. Report of two cases.
AB  - Two case reports are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of cold in
      localizing the offending tooth in difficult diagnostic situations where painful
      pulpitis is present. A review of the literature reveals that there are several
      proposed theories concerning the mechanisms by which cold relieves the painful
      symptoms present in some cases of irreversible pulpitis. The hydrodynamic theory
      seems to provide the most feasible explanation of the events that occur.

PMID- 6581464
TI  - The effect of viewing conditions on the perceptibility of radiographic details.
AB  - The effect of viewing conditions on the visual detection of radiographic detail
      has been studied by the method of perceptibility curves. Extraneous light and
      improper masking of radiographs reduce the amount of information available to the
      viewer.

PMID- 6581465
TI  - Variations in film exposure, effective kVp, and HVL among thirty-five dental x
      ray units.
AB  - Speed group "E" dental films were exposed in thirty-five dental x-ray units and
      processed under rigidly controlled conditions. The exposure, in milliroentgens
      required to produce an overall film density between 0.85 and 1.05 density units
      at the 9 mm. step of an aluminum step-wedge, ranged from 94 to 186 mR. The wide
      range in normalized exposure required to produce a standard density of 1.0 was
      associated with half-value layer and effective operating kilovoltage in only a
      general way. The half-value layer of thirty-five dental x-ray units ranged from
      1.9 to 2.9 mm. Al, and their effective operating kilovoltages ranged from 62 to
      77 kVp when units were set at 70 kVp. The exposure required to produce a specific
      radiographic density depended largely on the individual characteristics of the x
      ray unit used.

PMID- 6581467
TI  - [Hormonal homeostasis in acute lymphoid leukemia in children].

PMID- 6581468
TI  - [Hepatitis-B vaccination and AIDS].

PMID- 6581466
TI  - [Sodium, potassium and adenosine triphosphate concentrations in the erythrocytes
      of children with acute leukemia and other hematologic diseases].

PMID- 6581469
TI  - NJ nurses first in nation to sign death certificate.

PMID- 6581470
TI  - The dynamic role of school nurse-clinical specialist.

PMID- 6581471
TI  - The clinical nurse specialist with gerontological focus.

PMID- 6581473
TI  - The scientific tradition in dentistry.

PMID- 6581472
TI  - Graduate apprenticeship.

PMID- 6581474
TI  - Mirror-image twins.

PMID- 6581475
TI  - Approaching death.

PMID- 6581476
TI  - Glycogen storage disease.

PMID- 6581477
TI  - Living with childhood cancer: impact on the healthy siblings.

PMID- 6581478
TI  - [Late results of BCG immunotherapy of myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6581479
TI  - HLA antigens and necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum--a comparison between insulin
      dependent diabetics with and without necrobiosis.
AB  - To investigate whether HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DR alloantigen frequencies are
      different in diabetic patients with and without necrobiosis lipoidica
      diabeticorum we studied 37 insulin-dependent (Type I) diabetics, 15 with and 22
      without necrobiosis, and 96 normal control subjects. Compared to controls Type I
      diabetics had increased frequencies of B8, CW3, and DR4 and decreased frequencies
      of DR5 and DR7. Diabetics with necrobiosis differed from diabetics without
      necrobiosis only in that HLA-A2 was significantly less frequent in patients with
      necrobiosis. It is suggested that the lack of major differences between patients
      with and without necrobiosis argues in favour of the role of metabolic and/or
      vascular rather than genetic factors in the aetiology of necrobiosis.

PMID- 6581480
TI  - Prenatal prediction of duplication 10q24 leads to qter by gene dosage of GOT1 on
      uncultured amniotic cells.
AB  - Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT1) gene dosage studies were performed on
      uncultured amniotic cells from a fetus at risk for duplication/deficiency of
      10q24 leads to qter, due to maternal translocation t(9;10)(p24;q24). Previous
      investigations in the same pedigree had shown triplex dosage effect of GOT1 on
      red blood cells of a 10q24 leads to qter trisomic fetus monitored by midtrimester
      amniocentesis. In the present pregnancy, the GOT1 activity of amniotic cells
      exhibited a triplex gene dosage, suggesting duplication of region 10q24 leads to
      qter in the fetus. The biochemical prediction was confirmed two weeks later by
      cytogenetic analysis.

PMID- 6581481
TI  - Limited use of chromosomal markers in prenatal diagnosis.
AB  - By aid of fluorescent centromere markers in chromosome No. 3 it could be shown
      that crossing over in a translocation quadrivalent had occurred on two occasions
      in a father who is carrier of a 3/5 translocation. This case demonstrates that
      marker chromosomes cannot always be used to trace the parental origin of
      structurally abnormal chromosomes.

PMID- 6581482
TI  - Improvement in children's dental health.

PMID- 6581483
TI  - Chemical renal medullectomy and experimental hypertension.
AB  - The possible vasodepressor role of the renal medulla was studied by chemical
      medullectomy (i.v. bromoethylamine hydrobromide) in rats. A significant increase
      in blood pressure (BP) was observed 10 weeks after injection which related to the
      increase in urinary volume and decrease in urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in
      medullectomised rats, but not to plasma renin concentration (PRC). Creatinine
      clearance was unchanged. The differences between control and medullary damaged
      rats were maintained over a wide range of sodium intakes although the patterns of
      response were similar in the two groups. The increase in BP observed following
      renal medullectomy is likely to be secondary to a reduction in interstitial cell
      function.

PMID- 6581484
TI  - Essential fatty acids and maladjusted behaviour in children.
AB  - It has been suggested that hyperactivity may be produced by a deficiency in
      essential fatty acids (EFA) leading to a deficit in prostaglandin (PG) formation.
      The red blood cells EFAs levels were examined in 23 maladjusted children and in
      20 normal children. Although no individual EFA showed statistically significant
      differences between the normal and maladjusted children, multivariate analysis
      showed that the levels of EFA series 2 PG precursors in maladjusted children were
      significantly lower than in controls as predicted (P = 0.0001).

PMID- 6581485
TI  - Increase of prostaglandin E and F equivalents in amniotic fluid during late
      pregnancy and rapid PG F elevation after cervical dilatation.
AB  - Prostaglandin E and F equivalents in amniotic fluid from 163 women were
      determined after amniocentesis using chromatographic group separation and
      radioimmunoassay. Both PG E and F equivalents remained unchanged at levels below
      100 pg/ml until week 34 of gestation and increased exponentially thereafter
      reaching levels of 745 and 821 pg/ml at weeks 41/42. Cervical dilatation at weeks
      9 - 12 and 37 - 42 of pregnancy resulted in rapid elevations of PG F equivalents,
      but not of PG E, by factors of about 3 and 13, respectively. It is assumed that
      the slowly increasing production of both PG E and F demonstrated during the last
      weeks of pregnancy is connected with maturation processes within the feto
      placental unit preceding birth, whereas the rapid formation of high PG levels
      channeled to the PG F pool in response to mechanical stimuli resembles the
      processes closely related to the trigger mechanisms for the onset and progress of
      spontaneous labour at term.

PMID- 6581486
TI  - Construction and analysis of miniplasmids of the colicin Ib plasmid.
AB  - Miniplasmids of the colicin Ib (ColIb) plasmid have been isolated from two Tn5
      induced mutants of ColIb and their structure determined. These have then been
      used to order the sequence of restriction endonuclease fragments of the whole
      plasmid. In addition, the sites of the colicin, colicin immunity, and abortive
      infection gene have been determined in relation to the restriction sites. By
      comparison of the miniplasmids with other "I" incompatibility group plasmids, the
      probable location of the incompatibility gene and the origin of replication have
      been confirmed.

PMID- 6581487
TI  - Bright white light alleviates depression.
AB  - Studies of biological rhythm disorders among manic-depressive patients have
      suggested that depressed patients may have an early photosensitive interval. If
      so, exposure to bright light during the photosensitive interval might relieve
      depressive symptoms. As a test of this hypothesis, 12 depressed patients were
      exposed to bright white light from roughly 5 to 6 a.m. On the afternoon following
      this treatment, depressive symptoms were reduced in comparison to baseline
      ratings and as compared to afternoons following similar exposures to dim red
      light.

PMID- 6581488
TI  - REM latency in neurotic and endogenous depression and the cholinergic REM
      induction test.
AB  - Latency of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was measured in eight healthy
      volunteers under baseline conditions and after administration of physostigmine.
      An infusion of 0.5 mg of physostigmine 5 minutes after sleep onset caused a
      significant shortening of REM latency in comparison with baseline conditions. In
      45 patients with major depression, REM latency during baseline nights was
      significantly shorter than in control subjects. This shortening of the REM
      latency was found to be similar in endogenous, neurotic, and unclassified
      depressed patients. In contrast to findings in the controls, the physostigmine
      infusion provoked no further significant reduction of REM latency in depressed
      patients, but awakened the majority of patients. The data concerning spontaneous
      REM latency and REM latency after physostigmine do not allow a differentiation
      among the endogenous, neurotic, and unclassified depressed subgroups. The results
      of the cholinergic REM induction test do not conclusively support the hypothesis
      of a cholinergic hypersensitivity in depression.

PMID- 6581489
TI  - Aging and cortisol resistance to suppression by dexamethasone: a positive
      correlation.
AB  - Cortisol resistance to suppression by 0.5 mg of dexamethasone given at 11 p.m.
      was studied in 30 normal subjects, 17 to 78 years of age. Serum cortisol
      concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. A strong positive correlation
      was found between age and cortisol concentrations 9 hours after dexamethasone
      administration. The data suggest that aging, per se, might contribute to the
      increased cortisol resistance to suppression by dexamethasone reported in
      depression and dementia.

PMID- 6581490
TI  - Personality style differences in visual search performance.
AB  - The present study continues the examination of the personality styles in normal
      populations that have been described in the clinical literature. Earlier work has
      focused on behavioral, attitudinal, and cognitive components of the personality
      styles. The present study extends our exploration of the cognitive domain by
      examining the performance of different personality groups on a visual scanning
      task. Hysterics searched a stimulus array for letter targets at a mean rate of
      0.04 +/- SD 0.177 seconds per unit of information, which was slower than the
      control rate of 0.0225 +/- SD 0.0078 seconds. The results indicated that
      hysterics used a serial search strategy to compensate for an inability to process
      information efficiently and thus differed from compulsives who conformed to task
      demands and performed similarly to controls.

PMID- 6581491
TI  - Corticomedial amygdala lesions, behavior, corticosterone, and prolactin:
      unexpected separation of effects.
AB  - The present experiment examines hormone: behavior relationships following lesions
      of the amygdala. Affective behavior and levels of corticosterone and prolactin
      were compared in rats with lesions of the corticomedial amygdala and in
      nonlesioned and sham-operated controls. Animals with lesions of the corticomedial
      amygdala were found to be hyperreactive, but to have normal corticosterone and
      prolactin resting levels and responses to stimulation. The unexpected separation
      of behavior and hormone responses is compared with behavior and endocrine changes
      seen following other limbic system lesions, and the implications for the
      psychoneuroendocrinology of stress are discussed.

PMID- 6581492
TI  - Lithium prevents adaptation of brain dopamine systems to haloperidol in
      schizophrenic patients.
AB  - To evaluate the effect of lithium treatment on haloperidol-induced changes of
      brain dopamine systems, cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid (HVA) was assessed
      in nine patients during a sequential treatment protocol with placebo, lithium,
      lithium plus acute haloperidol, and lithium plus chronic haloperidol. None of the
      patients developed tolerance to the rise in HVA during treatment with haloperidol
      and lithium. Concurrent treatment with lithium appears to prevent the development
      of tolerance in dopamine metabolism during chronic haloperidol treatment. These
      data provide the first evidence in man that lithium may prevent neuroleptic
      induced functional supersensitivity of brain dopamine systems.

PMID- 6581494
TI  - A speculative illness model of over-eating and anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 6581493
TI  - Cerebellar morphology in chronic schizophrenic patients: a controlled computed
      tomography study.
AB  - Simple, objective, linear, and density measures were used to evaluate by computed
      tomography (CT) the cerebellum-fourth ventricular region of 23 chronic
      schizophrenic patients and 23 normal controls. Our data suggest that a subgroup
      of chronic schizophrenic patients have cerebellar atrophy associated with a
      strong but nonsignificant trend toward increased cerebellar density. The
      implications of these findings are discussed in view of previous CT and
      neuropathological studies.

PMID- 6581495
TI  - A case of rapidly progressing periodontitis and its successful management.

PMID- 6581496
TI  - Benign vascular anomaly presenting clinically as a gingival cyst: a case report.

PMID- 6581497
TI  - Management of a periodontal lesion associated with a lingual groove.

PMID- 6581498
TI  - The interproximal brush and toothbrush abrasion - a case report.

PMID- 6581499
TI  - Marginal integrity of adhesive fracture restorations: chamfer versus bevel.

PMID- 6581500
TI  - Clinical and genetic considerations in craniofacial malformations.

PMID- 6581501
TI  - Case report: a large false denticle.

PMID- 6581502
TI  - The Hydroceptor: its value and versatilities in the "washed field technique" (I).

PMID- 6581504
TI  - The efficacy of sodium perborate in maintenance of oral hygiene.

PMID- 6581503
TI  - An accelerated test for determining creep of dental amalgam.

PMID- 6581505
TI  - Ga-67 uptake in the lung in sarcoidosis.
AB  - Images were obtained with Ga-67 and bronchopulmonary lavage performed in 21
      patients with sarcoidosis (31 studies). The Ga-67 index, a semiquantitative
      criterion, was compared to a quantitative computer index based on lung:liver
      activity ratios; accuracy in predicting active alveolitis (defined by lavage
      lymphocyte counts) was assessed and differences between 24- and 48-hour studies
      examined. Computer activity ratios correlated well with the Ga-67 index, which
      had a sensitivity of 64%, specificity of 71%, and accuracy of 68% compared to
      71%, 82%, and 77%, respectively, for the computer scores. Scores at 24 and 48
      hours were similar. These results suggest that (a) Ga-67 scanning is useful in
      staging activity in pulmonary sarcoidosis, (b) quantitative computer scores are
      accurate in predicting disease activity, and (c) scanning can be performed 24 or
      48 hours after injection.

PMID- 6581506
TI  - [Polysulfide impression materials].

PMID- 6581507
TI  - [Comparative studies of the adherence of alginate impression mass to metal
      surfaces, adhesive tape and pink model wax].

PMID- 6581508
TI  - Corpus luteum regression induced by ultra-low pulses of prostaglandin F2 alpha.
AB  - In view of the pulsatile nature of PGF2 alpha secretion from the ovine uterus at
      the time of luteolysis, experiments were designed to examine the effect of pulsed
      infusions of PGF2 alpha on luteal function and to re-examine the minimal
      effective levels of PGF2 alpha required to induce luteolysis. To mimic
      physiological conditions, hour-long infusions of PGF2 alpha in increasing
      concentrations were given either 4 times in 19 h or 5 times in 25 h into the
      arterial supply of the autotransplanted ovary in conscious sheep on day 12 of an
      induced cycle. Blood flow and progesterone secretion rate from the ovary were
      used to monitor directly the luteolytic effect of administered PGF2 alpha. The
      concentration of LH in peripheral plasma was measured throughout each infusion
      experiment and the presence of a preovulatory peak of LH was used as an indicator
      of the permanence of luteal regression. Four pulses of PGF2 alpha in 19 h caused
      complete corpus luteum regression in only 1 of 4 animals whereas the addition of
      a fifth pulse (5 pulses in 25 h) caused permanent regression in 4 out of 4
      animals. Infusion of 5 hour-long pulses of saline or PGF2 alpha at a rate less
      than 0.04 microgram/h did not induce permanent suppression of progesterone
      secretion. The average total effective dose of PGF2 alpha required to induce
      luteal regression when given as 5 pulses was 1/40th of the amount currently
      regarded as the minimal effective one when given by constant infusion into the
      ovarian artery. In another series of experiments the luteolytic effect of a
      single hour-long pulse of 0.1 microgram/h PGF2 alpha given daily for either 3 or
      4 days was investigated. A significant fall (ANOVA, F0.01) in progesterone
      secretion rate, which reached a nadir at 5.3 +/- 2.2 h (means +/- S.D., n = 15),
      was followed by a recovery of progesterone secretion rate. Permanent luteal
      regression did not occur with this protracted regimen, suggesting that a
      relatively short pulse frequency of PGF2 alpha over a minimal period of 24 h is a
      necessary condition for physiological regression of the corpus luteum in sheep.

PMID- 6581509
TI  - In vitro modulation of human and murine melanoma growth by prostanoid analogues.
AB  - The inhibitory effect of various prostaglandin analogues on the anchorage
      independent growth of murine and human melanoma cells was measured. PGA analogues
      (which were modified at C-16 and C-18) did not demonstrate any major improvement
      in activity over PGA alone. These included 16,16-dimethyl PGA1, 16,16-dimethyl
      PGA2, 16,16-dimethyl-18-oxa-PGA2 and trans-delta-2-15-alpha acetoxy-16,16
      dimethyl-18-oxa-11-deoxy-PGE1-methylester. The thromboxane synthetase inhibitor,
      U51605, demonstrated weak anti-proliferative activity. PGD2 (with a ketone at C
      11 versus C-9 for PGA and PGE) was the most potent prostaglandin tested. Cells
      from melanoma lines displayed species differences in their sensitivities. PGA1
      and PGE1 were the most potent inhibitors of the anchorage independent growth of
      murine melanoma cells. On human melanoma cells PGD2 was the most active
      prostaglandin, 2-3 times more potent than PGA1; PGE1 was a very weak inhibitor.

PMID- 6581510
TI  - The effect of adrenergic stimulation on urinary prostaglandin E2 and 6 keto PGF1
      alpha in man.
AB  - To evaluate the details of the adrenergic stimulation of urinary prostaglandins
      in man, ten normal volunteers were given various agonists and antagonists. The
      effect of 4 hour IV infusions of norepinephrine (NE), NE + phentolamine (PHT), NE
      + phenoxybenzamine (PHB), NE + prazosin (PZ), isoproterenol (ISO), and PHT alone
      on urinary PGE2 and PGI2 (6 keto PGF1 alpha) were determined. PGE2 and 6 keto
      PGF1 alpha were measured by radioimmunoassay from 4 hour urine samples. NE
      stimulated both PGE2 (196 +/- 40 to 370 +/- 84 ng/4 hrs/g creatinine and 6 keto
      PGF1 alpha (184 +/- 30 to 326 +/- 36), both p less than 0.01. In contrast, ISO
      had no effect on either PGE2 or 6 keto PGF1 alpha excretion. Alpha blockade with
      PHT. PHB, or PZ inhibited the NE induced systemic pressor effect. However, the
      effect of the alpha blockers on the NE induced stimulation of PGE2 and 6 keto
      PGF1 alpha varied. PHT did not alter the NE stimulated PGE2 or 6 keto PGF1 alpha
      release (370 +/- 84 vs. 381 +/- 80) PGE2 and (326 +/- 50 vs. 315 +/- 40) 6 keto
      PGF1 alpha both p greater than 0.2). PHT alone stimulated only 6 keto PGF1 alpha.
      PHB and the specific alpha 1 antagonist PZ similarly eliminated the NE induced
      prostaglandin release. These results suggest that adrenergically mediated urinary
      prostaglandin release in man is via an alpha receptor with alpha 1
      characteristics.

PMID- 6581512
TI  - Centric occlusion - centric relation and practical methods of occluding casts.

PMID- 6581511
TI  - The in vitro effect of indomethacin on basal bone resorption, on prostaglandin
      production and on the response to added prostaglandins.
AB  - Mouse calvaria were maintained in organ culture without serum additives. Basal
      active resorption, as measured by 45Ca and hydroxy-proline release, was
      significantly inhibited to 74% control levels by indomethacin (1.4 X 10(-7) M).
      Prostaglandin F and prostaglandin E2 production, determined by radioimmunoassay,
      were both significantly lowered by this concentration of indomethacin. DNA,
      protein and hydroxyproline synthesis, as indices of cell toxicity, were
      unaffected by low concentrations of indomethacin, while concentrations of 1.4 X
      10(-6) M inhibited protein synthesis (p less than 0.005). In the presence of
      indomethacin (1.4 X 10(-7) M) both PGE2 and PGF2 alpha stimulated resorption in a
      dose-dependent manner, with PGE2 being the more potent. Neither prostaglandin
      affected hydroxyproline synthesis at low concentrations, but PGE2 had a marked
      inhibitory action at a higher concentration (10(-6) M). In combination, the
      effects of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha showed no evidence of synergism or any
      antagonistic action. The study shows that in vitro calcium and hydroxyproline
      resorption in the unstimulated mouse calvaria are inhibited by indomethacin at
      concentrations measured in serum during human therapy. The decreased PGF and PGE2
      production associated with this decreased bone resorption in the presence of non
      toxic concentrations of indomethacin would suggest a role for these
      prostaglandins in maintaining the basal resorption of cultured bone.

PMID- 6581513
TI  - Effective management solves the problems of a growing dental laboratory.

PMID- 6581514
TI  - The psychological sequelae of childhood leukaemia.

PMID- 6581515
TI  - Attempt at a cytologico-clinico-therapeutic classification of malignant
      lymphomas.

PMID- 6581516
TI  - In vitro study by fluorescence microscopy and microradiography of tetracycline
      tooth interaction.
AB  - The administration of tetracycline to the growing child may cause discoloration
      and hypoplasia in developing teeth. Whether tetracycline may also cause changes
      in fully mineralized enamel and dentin, is still a matter of discussion. The
      present investigation examines the in vitro reaction between tetracycline
      chloride and enamel and dentin of extracted human teeth. Specimens were immersed
      in 0.5 mg/ml to 20 mg/ml aqueous tetracycline solutions. After 24 hr the
      specimens were sectioned and studied by fluorescence microscopy and
      microradiography. The tetracycline solutions, which were all very acidic, were
      found to cause 1) demineralization of enamel and dentin, 2) incorporation of
      fluorescent material in enamel and, notably, dentin; and 3) formation of yellow,
      rhombohedral crystals on dental surfaces, especially in the more concentrated
      solutions. No fluorescence was seen in totally demineralized dentin. The findings
      indicate that the incorporation of tetracycline into enamel and dentin is caused
      by physiochemical processes that may take place regardless of the developmental
      stage of the mineralized tissues.

PMID- 6581517
TI  - Effects of salmon calcitonin on growth of teeth and on extraction socket healing
      in young rats.
AB  - The influence of salmon calcitonin on the growth of teeth and alveolar bone, and
      on the healing of alveolar sockets has been studied in young male rats. The
      experimental animals received daily injections of salmon calcitonin 0.5 MRC-U/kg
      body weight, whereas the control group received the vehicle. The rats were
      sacrificed at 14 and 28 days after the tooth extractions. Salmon calcitonin had
      no effect on the dry weight, calcium concentration and mineralization of the
      maxillary molars and the alveolar bone. Neither were there any significant
      effects of the hormone on the healing alveolar sockets. All sockets were healed
      after 4 weeks. The mineralization rate of molar teeth was only a quarter of that
      of tibiae, which was used as a reference.

PMID- 6581518
TI  - Preparation of midsagittal semithin Epon sections of the entire secretory
      ameloblast population in the maxillary rat incisor.
AB  - To study cytological changes in the migrating cell layer of the ameloblasts in
      the rat incisor with semithin Epon sections the ideal section plane would
      consequently be along the midsagittal plane of the incisor. However, the small
      dimensions and the complex three-dimensional structure of the apical part of the
      odontogenic organ covered by alveolar bone make it difficult to orientate and
      position sections in the midsagittal plane. Serial sectioning of the apical half
      of the maxillary incisor in the horizontal and sagittal planes clarified the
      relation of the midsagittal plane of the odontogenic organ to the alveolar bone,
      and the changes of the sectional profile of the odontogenic organ as a function
      of its position on the transverse axis of the incisor. From this information a
      method was designed whereby the two axes of the midsagittal plane were marked
      directly on the block surface before sectioning, and the position of sections in
      the midsagittal zone of the ameloblasts standardized.

PMID- 6581519
TI  - Further studies on the composition of the acquired enamel pellicle.
AB  - In the present study pellicle material was collected from human teeth 2, 4 and 6
      hr after cleaning. The material obtained was examined by gel filtration, ion
      exchange chromatography on CM-Sephadex and DEAE-Sephadex with subsequent amino
      acid analyses of the major anionic component. No major changes were observed to
      occur either in the overall composition or in the main anionic component of the
      pellicle during the first 6 hr.

PMID- 6581520
TI  - Ultrastructural visualization of the adherence of Streptococcus mutans and
      Streptococcus salivarius to hydroxyapatite.
AB  - S. mutans and S. salivarius adherence to saliva-coated and saliva-uncoated
      hydroxyapatite was studied by transmission and high resolution scanning electron
      microscopy. No difference was observed between the saliva-coated and saliva
      uncoated study series of adherence. The attachment of individual bacteria to
      apatite crystals was found to be mediated by cell wall projections. These
      electron-dense structures were characteristically well formed in S. mutans, and
      even in S. salivarius the projections appeared to link the bacteria to the
      apatite. The site of attachment in the bacterial cell wall was always at the
      division area. We suggest that the possible metabolic activity at the cell wall
      division site, therefore, also works in the adherence process.

PMID- 6581521
TI  - Streptococcus mutans establishment and dental caries experience in children from
      2 to 4 years old.
AB  - 39 children were studied longitudinally at the age of 2, 3, and 4 yr for the
      colonization of S. mutans in plaque and saliva and for caries experience. S.
      mutans was found in 38% of the children, and the predominant serotype group was
      c/e/f. A total of 16 children got caries before the age of 4. Children who
      harbored S. mutans in their plaque at the age of 2, appeared to be the most
      caries-active individuals. Their caries index values (number of decayed, missed
      and filled surfaces, dmfs = 10.6 +/- 5.3) at the age of 4 differed significantly
      from the values of children who harbored S. mutans later (dmfs = 3.4 +/- 1.8, P
      less than 0.005) or remained free from S. mutans infection (dmfs = 0.3 +/- 1.1, P
      less than 0.0003). It was thus concluded that the early establishment of S.
      mutans in the plaque of primary incisors indicated early and extensive caries
      attack in young primary dentition.

PMID- 6581523
TI  - Mitoses and microorganisms in the periodontal membrane after storage in milk or
      saliva.
AB  - Milk and saliva were tested in vitro as potential storage media for avulsed
      teeth. Developing monkey teeth were extracted and stored in milk or saliva for
      periods ranging from 1 to 6 h. The osmolality, pH, conductivity and number of
      viable bacteria in the media were determined after predetermined intervals during
      the storage periods. After the storage periods the teeth were either prepared for
      scanning electron microscopy or cultured for 24 h in Eagle's medium supplemented
      with 3H-thymidine. In the scanning electron microscope numerous adherent bacteria
      were seen covering the periodontal membrane after storage in saliva but none were
      found after storage in milk. The cultured teeth were sectioned and evaluated with
      autoradiography. Superficial parts of the periodontal membrane were rapidly
      injured by storage in saliva while the epithelial root sheath and the apical
      pulpal cells were affected at a later stage. Cells neighboring the cementoblasts
      incorporated 3H-thymidine after 6 h storage in milk but not after storage in
      saliva for the same length of time. It was concluded that the low osmolality in
      combination with bacteria which adhered to the periodontal membrane made saliva
      less suited than milk for long time storage of avulsed teeth. Furthermore, a
      viable layer of cells close to the root surface seemed to be a prerequisite for a
      successful healing without root resorption after replantation.

PMID- 6581522
TI  - Isolation and ultrastructure of Bacteroides sp. with external cell-wall layer (S
      layer) in periapical osteitis.
AB  - Bacteroides sp. was isolated in human periapical osteitis and shown to be
      biochemically closely related to B. ruminicola ssp. brevis and B. capillus.
      Electron microscopic examination revealed an external cell-wall layer (S-layer).
      The fractionation of cells by various methods gave partially purified sheets
      corresponding to the observed layer with a hexagonal molecular arrangement.

PMID- 6581524
TI  - Longitudinal study of body height, radius length and skeletal maturity in Danish
      boys with cleft lip and palate.
AB  - Body height, radius length and skeletal maturity were registered longitudinally
      in 48 boys with combined cleft lip and palate (CLP) and compared with
      measurements in a non-cleft control group. Age range was from 6 to 20 yr.
      Skeletal maturity was evaluated according to the TW2 method. Distance and
      velocity curves for radius length and body height were determined by means of a
      computer program which for each month calculated the median and percentiles of
      the distribution. Compared to the control group the CLP boys were slightly
      shorter from 6 to 18 yr of age. The velocity curves revealed that pubertal growth
      maximum occurred on an average 6 months later in the CLP boys and that the
      pubertal growth spurt was less marked. However, the total growth period was
      prolonged thus enabling the CLP group to catch up with the control group.
      Skeletal maturity was retarded during the whole period when compared to normal
      children. It is suggested that the early feeding problems and recurrent
      infections of the upper airways combined with the surgical procedures account for
      an essential part of the delay in the present CLP group.

PMID- 6581525
TI  - Comparison of two different methods of polishing porcelain.
AB  - The surface roughness of polished porcelain was investigated. The results showed
      that no significant differences between the two polishing methods used were
      found. The two evaluation methods, surface roughness measurements and scanning
      electron microscopy (SEM), are discussed and some recommendations are given.

PMID- 6581526
TI  - Surface degradation of amalgams in vitro during static and cyclic loading.
AB  - Corrosion during static creep of two gamma 2-containing and one dispersed phase
      amalgam immersed in artificial saliva has been observed, using SEM, to occur in
      gamma 1-grain boundary regions where grain boundary sliding and dislocation slip
      take place. Cracking in the interior of gamma 1-grains has also been found, in
      particular for dispersed non-gamma 2 amalgam. The combined action of corrosion
      and stress favored the formation of cracks. Signs of similar creep processes
      which may promote cracks have also been noted after cyclic loading where the
      accumulative strains were much lower than in the static creep experiments. Due to
      these low strains and short immersion times corrosion attacks of the same kind as
      under static loading can only be assumed. Using nuclear tracer technique
      quantitative measurements of the corroded material from samples exposed to cyclic
      loading showed the dispersed non-gamma 2 amalgam to release more Hg, Cu and Zn
      than the two gamma 2-containing amalgams and that 50-90% copper and mercury were
      present as particulate matter. These observations can be explained on the basis
      of different tendencies to cracking in the amalgams. Cyclic loading increases the
      rate of degradation by one or two orders of magnitude compared with corrosion
      without loading. Reported studies of marginal degradation in non-gamma 2 amalgams
      compared with gamma 2-containing amalgams do not agree with the present in vitro
      experiments.

PMID- 6581527
TI  - Saliva secretion rate in a group of drug addicts (short communication).
AB  - Stimulated saliva secretion rate was measured in 40 parenteral drug addicts who
      had a preference for opiates. Illicit drug abuse or intake of legally prescribed
      medicine within the last 24 h were recorded. Mean saliva secretion rate for the
      whole group of drug addicts was 1.51 ml/min with no statistical difference from a
      control group (P greater than 0.30). However, drug addicts who had taken legally
      prescribed tranquillizers or sedatives had a reduced saliva secretion rate (1.01
      ml/min), whereas no decrease was found among the individuals who had taken
      opiates within the last 24 h (1.42 ml/min, P greater than 0.10).

PMID- 6581528
TI  - Role of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) in oral glucose intolerance.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to investigate the metabolic base of
      psychoneurological symptoms, most notably tiredness and loss of concentration
      ability, appearing after carbohydrate-rich meals and during oral glucose
      tolerance tests. Such metabolic changes may be the cause of many accidents
      attributed to the "human factor". Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were
      performed in healthy volunteers, divided into symptomatic (n = 21) and symptom
      free (n = 15) groups. Since the symptoms arising during OGTT simulate those in
      alcohol intoxication, a method for clinical examination of alcohol intoxication
      was used to separate symptom-free from symptomatic subjects. Comparison of blood
      glucose concentrations during OGTT revealed the symptomatic group to have higher
      concentrations in blood samples taken 15 min (p less than 0.05), 30 min (p less
      than 0.01), 45, 60 and 90 min (p less than 0.05) after intake of glucose than
      those having no symptoms. The symptoms began when the glucose concentration was
      at maximum, some 38 min (mean value) following the ingestion of glucose. The
      symptomatic subjects demonstrated a normal assimilation rate of glucose (mean 1.7
      %/min) as tested with intravenous glucose tolerance tests and the differences in
      blood glucose concentrations between the groups is concluded to depend on the
      rate of absorption of glucose from the intestinal tract. The enterochromaffine
      cells of the intestinal tract are the site of biosynthesis, storage and release
      of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (serotonin). In whole blood practically all of the
      5-HT is of thrombocytic origin. Thrombocytes are thought to be peripheral models
      of 5-HT neurons in regard to 5-HT uptake, storage release and metabolism.
      Thrombocytes have a mechanism for 5-HT uptake analogous to the reuptake mechanism
      for 5-HT in the serotonergic nerve terminals. The whole blood 5-HT changes
      parallel changes in the 5-HT concentrations of the neurons. In this work 5-HT
      concentrations were measured during OGTT in whole blood to ascertain the possible
      relation between 5-HT changes and glucose absorption. For this purpose a
      reliable, fluorometric method for 5-HT was developed with the following
      improvements: In whole EDTA-blood the oxidation of 5-HT was prevented with
      ascorbic acid. The oxidation of hemoglobin iron to ferri-iron was prevented with
      carbon monoxide, because 5-HT, being a phenol, will otherwise form a complex with
      ferri-iron. Proteins were precipitated with perchloric acid and the supernatant
      neutralized before purification of 5-HT by cation exchange.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      400 WORDS)

PMID- 6581529
TI  - Bioavailability of naproxen tablets and suppositories in steady state.
AB  - Serum profiles were obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis after
      treatment with naproxen tablets and suppositories for 10 days to assure steady
      state conditions. The serum concentrations immediately before dose intake
      correlated well with the area under the concentration curve (AUC) when 250 mg
      naproxen tablets were taken 12-hourly (r = 0.85) and when 500 mg naproxen was
      given as tablets or as suppositories once daily in the evening (r = 0.83). These
      fixed times for blood samplings should be used in clinical trials with naproxen.
      Naproxen was measured by mass fragmentography. The mean steady state
      concentration and the mean half-life, calculated from the 12-hourly dosage
      schedule, were 45.0 +/- 1.7 mg/l and 15.2 +/- 1.4 hours, respectively. Doubling
      the dose from 250 mg to 500 mg b.i.d. increased the AUC by 30%. Average serum
      profiles for tablets and suppositories were very similar and gave a relative
      bioavailability of suppositories compared to tablets of 103% +/- 4%, suggesting
      comparable efficacy of the two administration forms.

PMID- 6581530
TI  - Advances in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections in immunocompromised
      patients (a symposium). Lausanne, 11. 3. 1983.

PMID- 6581531
TI  - Influenza and pneumococcal immunization of patients with neoplastic diseases.
AB  - A review of influenza and pneumococcal immunizations of patients with neoplastic
      diseases is presented. The limitations of these respective immunizations is
      described. It is recommended that consideration be given to timing of
      immunization schedules with regard to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and
      splenectomy. Chemoprophylaxis may well be indicated in those cases known or
      expected to be resistant to immunization.

PMID- 6581532
TI  - Low morbidity and mortality from infection in neutropenic patients, a possible
      result of multiple measures of infection prevention.
AB  - 138 patients with neutropenia (PMN's less than 1000), 66 of them with acute
      myelocytic leukaemia (AML), were hospitalised over a 6-year-period in reverse
      barrier isolation. All had skin, orifices and gut decontamination. Fever occurred
      in 78% of the 216 neutropenic episodes. Overall, the incidence of septicemia
      during febrile episodes was 10% and the mortality from infection 7%; both figures
      were identical in the patients with AML and are lower than those normally found
      in this type of patients. Various factors that might be responsible for this low
      incidence of severe infections in neutropenic patients have been examined. The
      microbiological methods used to document infection were identical to those
      currently used. The severity of the underlying diseases and of neutropenia in the
      patients with AML was similar to that reported in other series. The measures
      taken for infection prevention, i.e. reverse-barrier isolation plus skin,
      orifices and gut decontamination, were not different than those used in many
      other centers, although their strict application in a small specialized unit
      might partially explain these favourable results. In addition the outcome of
      infection was analysed in relation to the response to treatment of the underlying
      disease. The mortality due to infection in patients with a tumor responding to
      chemotherapy was only 4% but was 45% in patients with end-stage malignant
      diseases. These results suggest therefore that infection in patients whose
      malignancy respond to treatment can be efficiently controlled by prompt empiric
      broad spectrum antibiotic therapy, and failures of antiinfectious treatment are
      mostly observed in patients with advanced cancer.

PMID- 6581533
TI  - [Effects of 2 prevention programs on the caries and gingivitis incidence in 13-
      to 15-year-old schoolchildren].

PMID- 6581534
TI  - Fifty-six year old Caucasian female with infection of knee and acute renal
      failure.

PMID- 6581535
TI  - Biogen pays high price for Harvard patent.

PMID- 6581536
TI  - A case report on the surgical management of true ankylosis of the
      temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6581537
TI  - Effects of the change in mandibular position on the soft tissue facial pattern in
      three dimensions.

PMID- 6581538
TI  - Retrieval of a broken hypodermic needle. A new technique of localising.

PMID- 6581539
TI  - Marsupialisation of a dentigerous cyst by decompression into the maxillary antrum
      with complete removal of its lining.

PMID- 6581540
TI  - Identification of different types of lymphoblasts in patients with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Identification of different types of lymphoblasts in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      were studied with light microscopy, SEM and TEM.

PMID- 6581541
TI  - [Variability of cytogenetic results obtained with the direct method and short
      term cultures in 32 patients with various hematological disorders].

PMID- 6581543
TI  - Expression of recessive Aprt- mutations in mouse CAK cells resulting from
      chromosome loss and duplication.
AB  - Karyotypes of recessive mutants at the autosomal adenine
      phosphoribosyltransferase (Aprt) locus in a clone of the near-diploid mouse CAK
      cell line have been analyzed. The Aprt located on chromosome 8. One copy of
      chromosome 8 was morphologically abnormal in the parental clone (CAK-B3-Toyr13)
      from which Aprt- mutants were isolated. Among 22 mutants, there were ten in which
      one copy of chromosome 8 had been lost. Four of these were monosomic, and in the
      others duplication of the remaining homolog had occurred. These findings indicate
      that newly induced recessive mutations in cultured mammalian cells can be
      expressed as the result of loss of one chromosome carrying a wild-type allele
      with or without duplication of the homolog carrying the mutant allele. Loss and
      duplication would not be detected in cell lines lacking morphologically marked
      chromosomes.

PMID- 6581542
TI  - Chromosome assignment of genes encoding the alpha and beta subunits of
      glycoprotein hormones in man and mouse.
AB  - The chromosomal locations of the genes for the common alpha subunit of the
      glycoprotein hormones and the beta subunit of chorionic gonadotropin in humans
      and mice have been determined by restriction enzyme analysis of DNA isolated from
      somatic cell hybrids. The CG alpha gene (CGA), detected as a 15-kb BamHI fragment
      in human DNA by hybridization to CG alpha cDNA, segregated with the chromosome 6
      enzyme markers ME1 (malic enzyme, soluble) and SOD2 (superoxide dismutase,
      mitchondrial) and an intact chromosome 6 in human-rodent hybrids. Cell hybrids
      containing portions of chromosome 6 allowed the localization of CGA to the q12
      leads to q21 region. The greater than 30- and 6.5-kb BamHI CGB fragments
      hybridizing to human CG beta cDNA segregated concordantly with the human
      chromosome 19 marker enzymes PEPD (peptidase D) and GPI (glucose phosphate
      isomerase) and a normal chromosome 19 in karyotyped hybrids. A KpnI-HindIII
      digest of cell hybrid DNAs indicated that the multiple copies of the CG beta gene
      are all located on human chromosome 19. In the mouse, the alpha subunit gene,
      detected by a mouse thyrotropin (TSH) alpha subunit probe, and the CG beta-like
      sequences (CG beta-LH beta), detected by the human CG beta cDNA probe, are on
      chromosomes 4 and 7, respectively.

PMID- 6581544
TI  - Cytoprotective effect of prostaglandin E2 in irradiated rat ileum.
AB  - Radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract is an infrequent but major
      clinical problem. Results of previous studies have shown that prostaglandins
      provide cytoprotection of the gastrointestinal mucosa against a variety of
      noxious agents, although, prior to this study, the protection against radiation
      exposure had not been documented. Exteriorized segment of Sprague-Dawley rat
      ileum was radiated with 10 and 15 Gy (137Cs). One group of rats was pretreated
      with prostaglandin E2 one hour before and 24 hours after radiation injury. The
      rats were sacrificed three and five days following radiation injury. Morphometric
      measurement of mucosal thickness, villous height, crypt of Lieberkuhn height and
      number of mitosis per square millimeter swath of tissue were analyzed. Also,
      125IUdR and 3HTdR were injected in a group of rats radiated with 15 Gy (137Cs).
      125IUdR counts per minute per milligram of dry weight and 3HTdR labeled cells
      were counted and analyzed. The morphometric measurements and radioactive labeled
      tissue counts suggest that prostaglandin E2 has a cytoprotective effect upon
      irradiated rat ileum. Speculations about the possible mechanism and usefulness of
      this observation are included.

PMID- 6581545
TI  - Chronic depression of lymphocyte traffic by long-term administration of
      prostaglandins to peripheral lymph nodes in sheep.
AB  - The objective of this study was to determine the effect on lymphocyte traffic of
      the long-term administration of prostaglandins to peripheral lymph nodes of sheep
      in vivo. In 12 studies prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was infused continuously by
      digital syringe pump into cannulated afferent lymphatics of nine popliteal lymph
      nodes in eight sheep. In 32 studies, arachidonic acid emulsified in sterile
      autologous serum or lymph was injected subcutaneously into the drainage area of
      peripheral lymph nodes in 11 sheep. Lymphocyte traffic was monitored by the
      output of small and blast lymphocytes into efferent lymph, which was collected by
      long-term cannulation. Long-term infusion of PGE2 produced a sustained decrease
      in the output of small lymphocytes in all of 12 studies and a decrease in blast
      cell output in all of the six infusions in which blast cell output was elevated
      prior to infusion. Cessation in PGE2 infusion was associated with increase in the
      output of small and blast lymphocytes into afferent lymph in all of eight
      studies. Single or repeated depot-type emulsion injections of arachidonic acid in
      amounts of 20 mg or more depressed small lymphocyte output in all of 30 studies,
      and injections of 0.2 mg or more depressed blast lymphocyte output in all of 22
      studies in which blast cell outputs were elevated prior to the initial injection.
      It is observed that long-term bombardment of peripheral lymph nodes of sheep in
      vivo with prostaglandins, primarily of the E series, produces a chronic
      depression in lymphocyte traffic as mirrored in the output of small and blast
      cells into efferent lymph. We suggest that this response may be one of several
      mechanisms by which prostaglandins may affect the immune response in vivo.

PMID- 6581546
TI  - Heterogeneity of natural killer lymphocyte abnormalities in colon cancer
      patients.
AB  - p6e monoclonal antibody HNK-1 reacts exclusively with human granular lymphocytes
      that comprise 16 +/- 1.4% of blood mononuclear cells. In normal individuals,
      almost all natural killer (NK) and killer (K) cell function resides in this
      lymphocyte subset. The level of HNK-1+ granular lymphocytes, their stage of
      differentiation, and NK cell function were examined in 70 colon cancer patients
      and the results compared with data for 114 age-matched normal individuals. Median
      levels of granular lymphocytes were significantly depressed in colon cancer
      patients compared to controls (9% versus 16.5%, P less than 0.0001). Despite the
      depressed numbers of circulating HNK-1+ cells, NK cell function in the colon
      cancer patients was essentially the same as in normals (P = 0.78). The HNK-1+
      lymphocyte level correlated exactly with NK cell function in about two thirds of
      normal individuals but only one third of colon cancer patients (P = 0.025). Three
      possible mechanisms for this dichotomy were examined. First, lymphoid cell
      subpopulations purified with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) were
      examined for altered NK cell functional activity. HNK-1+ cells from the colon
      cancer patients exhibited significantly less NK functional activity compared to
      normals (796 versus 1046 lytic units, P = 0.04). Interestingly, the HNK-1-
      fraction (predominantly T lymphocytes) had increased NK cell functional activity
      in the colon cancer patients compared to normals (373 versus 218 lytic units, P =
      0.0001). Purified monocytes did not contribute to NK cell functional activity.
      Second, the functional maturity of the HNK-1+ lymphocytes was correlated with NK
      activity. Two subsets of HNK-1+ cells were identified by surface membrane markers
      and purified with the FACS. The more mature HNK-1+ subset (i.e., HNK+Leu-4-M1+)
      exhibited almost ten times more NK cell functional activity than did the less
      mature cell fraction (i.e., HNK+Leu-4+M1-) cells in normal individuals (2230
      versus 286 lytic units/10(7) cells). Further analysis demonstrated that the ratio
      of mature to immature HNK+ cells in normal individuals was 3:1, while it was
      decreased to a 1:1 ratio in colon cancer patients P = 0.005). Third, the
      influence of prostaglandin-mediated suppression on NK cell activity was examined.
      PGE2 did not appear to influence NK cell function, since NK cell function was
      unchanged in vitro in the presence of a prostaglandin synthesis
      inhibitor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6581547
TI  - Clinical evaluation of patients referred with symptoms related to oral galvanism.
AB  - Sixty-eight consecutive patients (9 males, 59 females) referred for symptoms
      alleged to be caused by oral galvanism were investigated according to a
      standardized examination program including clinical examination, epicutaneous
      patch test with dental materials, haematologic screening, salivary test,
      calculation of currents created at metallic contacts between restorative
      materials and testing of electrical taste thresholds. No clinical entity could be
      identified but recognized clinical conditions that could possibly explain the
      complaints for which the patients were referred were prevalent. The most common
      symptoms reported were a smarting sensation in the mouth (71%) and different
      distant symptoms (47%). As regards oral signs, some of them showed similar
      prevalences as have been found in a general Swedish population. The main
      exception was changes at the apex of the tongue - found in 15%. Allergic skin
      reactions to dental materials were found among 25% of the patients. Mean values
      of blood and saliva parameters did not differ from what is considered normal. The
      distribution of currents created by contacting dental metallic restorations
      showed no deviation from the corresponding currents calculated in a control
      group. The median value for lowest electrical taste threshold in the group of
      referred patients was significantly lower than in a control group.

PMID- 6581548
TI  - Diagnosis of approximal caries in pre-school children.
AB  - The aim of the study was to ascertain the extent to which bite-wing radiographs
      are indicated in the examination of pre-school children for caries. The total
      material consisted of 213 children aged four to six years. Of the four year olds
      32%, five year olds 71% and six year olds 91% had approximal surfaces which could
      not be examined with a probe. These 142 children with posterior contacts were
      entered into the study. The mean number of carious surfaces was 2.8 in the four
      years group, 3.0 in the five-years group and 3.2 in the six-years group. The
      proportion of the approximal carious lesions diagnosable only by radiography of
      the total number of carious surfaces was 28%, 47% and 64% in the three age
      groups. 48% of the children aged five and six years without clinical evidence of
      caries had radiographic caries on the approximal surfaces. Only 9% of the
      approximal carious lesions were detectable without bite-wing radiography. It is
      therefore suggested that the clinical caries examination should be supplemented
      with bite-wing radiography. --of four-year-olds with contacts in the molar area
      and with clinical evidence of caries --of all five- and six-year-olds with
      approximal surfaces in the molar area which cannot be probed.

PMID- 6581549
TI  - Distribution by age and sex of functional disturbances and diseases of the
      stomatognathic system in 7-18 year olds.
AB  - The investigation consisted of 749 randomly selected subjects between 7-18 years
      of age. The subjects were interviewed for symptoms and oral parafunctions and
      examined clinically for occlusal interferences, malocclusions and signs of
      functional disturbances and diseases in the stomatognathic system. The group with
      one or more symptoms indicated no sex difference but the symptoms showed a
      gradual increase with age. Recurrent headaches were evenly distributed between
      the ages, but more commonly reported among girls in the age range 7-14 years.
      Clickings increased by age and some sex differences were found in the age
      distribution. Grinding and clenching showed a negative correlation with age. Boys
      reported clenching more often than girls between 7-14 years of age. Lip-cheek
      biting and nailbiting were frequently reported in all ages. Girls in the age
      group of 15-18 years reported lip-cheek-biting more often than boys of the same
      age group; who on the other hand reported nailbiting more often. A correlation
      was found between thumbsucking and anterior open bite.

PMID- 6581550
TI  - [Placement of a cervical preparation, a review of the literature].

PMID- 6581551
TI  - [Clinical and diagnostic comparison of 2 intraoral radiographic films].

PMID- 6581552
TI  - [X-ray diffraction analysis of typical and atypical dental calculus].

PMID- 6581553
TI  - [A questionnaire on eating frequency. I. Development of a questionnaire for use
      in the Danish population].

PMID- 6581554
TI  - [Interview study of reasons why patients do not accept cost-free preventive
      therapy].

PMID- 6581555
TI  - [Various properties of visible light-polymerizing restorative resins].

PMID- 6581556
TI  - [Dental visits by adult Danes and evaluation of their dental status].

PMID- 6581557
TI  - [The importance of field size in the quality of intraoral radiography].

PMID- 6581558
TI  - [Kodak Ektaspeed dental radiographic films].

PMID- 6581559
TI  - [Radiographic studies of the mandible in familial colonic polyposis].

PMID- 6581560
TI  - [The symptomatic styloid process or Eagle's syndrome].

PMID- 6581561
TI  - [A simple treatment method for patients with severe abrasion].

PMID- 6581562
TI  - [Dental health in adults in Gavleborg county].

PMID- 6581563
TI  - [Dental radiographic diagnosis].

PMID- 6581564
TI  - [Selection of risk patients in child and adolescent dental care. A model for
      socioeconomic community cost estimation].

PMID- 6581565
TI  - [Sharpening of hand instruments].

PMID- 6581566
TI  - [The defining of N2?].

PMID- 6581567
TI  - [The Norrkoping experiment. Comparative study of caries frequency in 2 adult
      groups that received fluoridated water before adolescence].

PMID- 6581568
TI  - [Polishing of porcelain].

PMID- 6581569
TI  - [Canderel - a new substitute for sugar].

PMID- 6581570
TI  - [Fissure sealants in Denmark].

PMID- 6581571
TI  - [Dental technology].

PMID- 6581572
TI  - [Immunologic heterogeneity of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children detected
      with xenogeneic antisera].

PMID- 6581573
TI  - Smokeless tobacco. Case report II.

PMID- 6581574
TI  - [Induction of labor with prostaglandin E2 gel].

PMID- 6581575
TI  - [Photography in dentistry].

PMID- 6581576
TI  - [Long term follow-up of a case involving occlusal rehabilitation of a seriously
      impaired dentition].

PMID- 6581577
TI  - Autoantibodies, immune complexes and HLA-D in thyrogastric autoimmunity.
AB  - Forty-one patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and 82 with Pernicious
      anaemia (PA) were investigated. All 123 patients were HLA-D typed and results
      correlated to thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAB), microsomal antibodies (MAb),
      parietal cell antibodies (PCA), circulating immune complexes (IC), and intrinsic
      factor antibodies (IFA). In PA, TgAb was found less frequently in Dw2 positive
      patients than in Dw2 negative patients. IFA was rarely found in Dw5 positive PA
      patients. In HT, patients positive for Dw5 had lower levels of TgAb. IC were
      present in 67% of patients with HT, but only in 2.5% of patients with PA (p less
      than 0.01). Dw5 was associated with low levels of IC in HT. In conclusion, HT and
      PA seem to be related by their association with HLA-D types, but a heterogeneity
      in the pattern of antibodies and IC could be seen. The organ specific antibodies
      characteristic for each disease were present in lower levels in patients with
      Dw5.

PMID- 6581578
TI  - Exclusion of a tight linkage between familial polyposis coli and HLA.
AB  - Linkage was investigated between a dominant gene determining familial polyposis
      coli (FPC) and HLA in a large pedigree. A tight linkage was excluded at a value
      of the recombination fraction between 0 and 5%. Linkage studies with various
      markers should be pursued to permit detection of high risk individuals and to
      better understand the phenotypic variability observed in certain polyposis
      families.

PMID- 6581579
TI  - HLA-A, B antigens and asymptomatic monoclonal gammopathy.

PMID- 6581580
TI  - HLA-A, B and DR in Caucasians with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
AB  - When HLA-A, B and DR antigens in Caucasian patients with transitional cell
      carcinoma of the urinary bladder were compared with controls, no significant
      alterations in antigen frequencies were found.

PMID- 6581581
TI  - Inhibition of delayed hypersensitivity reaction in mice by cadmium.
AB  - The effect of a single exposure to Cd on DH was studied through exposure to Cd at
      different time intervals in relation to antigen administration. Exposure to Cd
      significantly suppressed the DH reaction, with a dose-response relationship, when
      administered 2 or 3 days after immunization of BALB/c and DBA/2 mice with sheep
      red blood cells. A strain difference in sensitivity to Cd was also demonstrated.
      These results suggest that a single exposure to Cd impairs the cellular immune
      response in mice.

PMID- 6581582
TI  - Enzyme histocytochemical studies in human adrenocortical adenomas. [I]. Primary
      aldosteronism.
AB  - Enzyme histocytochemical staining including alkaline phosphatase, acid
      phosphatase, 3 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 11 beta hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase was studied in human adrenocortical adenomas associated with
      primary aldosteronism. Histochemically, these enzyme activities were weaker in
      clear cell type adenomas than in the normal human adrenal cortex. While compact
      cell type adenomas showed stronger enzyme activities than the clear cell type
      adenomas. Electron microscopic localization of alkaline phosphatase was mainly
      observed in plasma membrane at the intercellular sites. Occasionally, this enzyme
      activity was also observed in the mitochondrial outer membrane, mainly in compact
      cells. The significance of these enzymes in the adenoma cells is discussed.

PMID- 6581583
TI  - Oral health in KwaZulu. A pathfinder survey.

PMID- 6581584
TI  - Odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts of the jaws.

PMID- 6581585
TI  - A practical use for clinically discarded mouth-mirrors.

PMID- 6581586
TI  - Diet and dentures.

PMID- 6581587
TI  - [Pin retention with large amalgam restorations].

PMID- 6581588
TI  - [Results of 3 years of using comprehensive dental caries prophylaxis in the
      kindergartens and nurseries of Riga].

PMID- 6581589
TI  - [Results of the combined use of remodent and fluorine lacquer for dental caries
      prevention in preschoolers].

PMID- 6581590
TI  - [Treatment of pulpitis in children by intravital pulp amputation].

PMID- 6581591
TI  - [Possibilities of preserving the pulp in deciduous teeth with varying degrees of
      carious process].

PMID- 6581592
TI  - [Effectiveness of using SSTA-01 material in treating dental caries in children].

PMID- 6581593
TI  - [Local immunity indices of children with manifestations of primary and recurrent
      herpetic infection in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6581594
TI  - [Boron contact dentography--a new method for the objective recording of patient
      behavior at various stages in dental treatment].

PMID- 6581595
TI  - [Prevention of lymphadenitis of the maxillofacial area in children].

PMID- 6581596
TI  - [X-ray study in secondary osteoarthrosis deformans of the temporomandibular
      joints in children].

PMID- 6581597
TI  - [Let us improve dental care for children in rural localities].

PMID- 6581598
TI  - [Inflammatory processes of the maxillofacial area in children].

PMID- 6581599
TI  - [Ultrastructural organization of the muscle tissue of the normal upper lip of
      children and in incomplete clefts].

PMID- 6581600
TI  - [Early orthopedic therapy of children with congenital cleft lip and palate].

PMID- 6581601
TI  - [Use of ultrasound for shortening the active period of orthodontic treatment for
      stenosis of the dentition in children (an experimental and clinical
      observation)].

PMID- 6581603
TI  - [Dynamics of the rheographic indices in odontogenic inflammatory processes in
      children].

PMID- 6581602
TI  - [Effect of a dental prosthesis on the shaping of the bite in preschoolchildren
      under dispensary observation].

PMID- 6581604
TI  - [Rationale for the frequency of performing prophylactic measures on
      schoolchildren with varying degrees of caries activity].

PMID- 6581605
TI  - [Effect of petroleum hydrocarbons on the oral mucosa in an experiment].

PMID- 6581606
TI  - [Volumetric blood flow rate and permeability of the capillaries in the
      periodontium studied by a radionuclide method].

PMID- 6581607
TI  - [35S incorporation into the mandibular bone during the course of the healing
      process in fractures in rats].

PMID- 6581608
TI  - [Characteristics of the mineralizing function of saliva].

PMID- 6581609
TI  - [Water-salt metabolism in periodontosis patients].

PMID- 6581610
TI  - [Desquamative gingivitis in dermatoses].

PMID- 6581611
TI  - [Characteristics of the clinico-morphological manifestation of lymphangiomas of
      the face, neck and oral cavity and their diagnosis and treatment in adults].

PMID- 6581613
TI  - [Bacterial contamination of dental technology laboratories].

PMID- 6581612
TI  - [Antimicrobial protection factors in treating patients with odontogenic
      mandibular osteomyelitis].

PMID- 6581614
TI  - [Mesiodistal dimensions of human teeth in an isolated ethnic group and their
      effect on dentition].

PMID- 6581615
TI  - [Clinical aspects of a method for the selective grinding of the teeth in
      periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6581616
TI  - [Disease of the marginal periodontium in schoolchildren in Ulan Bator].

PMID- 6581617
TI  - [Method of identifying dispensary groups of schoolchildren based on a
      prenosological diagnosis of dental caries].

PMID- 6581618
TI  - Unconjugated and sulfoconjugated steroids in plasma and zones of the adrenal
      cortex of the guinea pig.
AB  - The following steroids were measured in their unconjugated and sulfoconjugated
      forms in plasma and in the outer and inner zones of the adrenal cortex of the
      guinea pig: pregnenolone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 21-hydroxypregnenolone,
      dehydroepiandrosterone and deoxycorticosterone. In plasma, pregnenolone and 21
      hydroxypregnenolone were the predominant unconjugated steroids with
      concentrations 10-30 times higher than the other three steroids. Among the
      sulfoconjugated steroids, pregnenolone sulfate had a concentration 25-50 times
      higher than the other sulfoconjugates. For each steroid except 21
      hydroxypregnenolone the sulfoconjugated form was present in a concentration 2-7
      times higher than the unconjugated form. In the adrenal cortex, the content of 21
      hydroxypregnenolone was significantly higher in the outer zone than in the inner
      zone and was present in amounts 3-100 times greater than the other unconjugated
      steroids in the outer zone. On the other hand, the content of pregnenolone was
      significantly greater in the inner zone than the outer zone, and was present in
      amounts 3-80 times greater than the other unconjugated steroids in the inner
      zone. With the exception of 21-hydroxypregnenolone and deoxycorticosterone, the
      steroid sulfoconjugates were significantly higher in the inner cortical zone. As
      in plasma, pregnenolone sulfate was the most abundant sulfoconjugated steroid.
      This report also describes preliminary studies concerning sulfurylated hydroxyl
      groups in different positions of 21-hydroxypregnenolone. The sulfoconjugate was
      prepared by using partially purified steroid sulfotransferase from the guinea pig
      adrenal. The results obtained indicated that of the total 21-hydroxypregnenolone
      conjugate formed, approximately 40% was the 21-sulfate and 20% the 3-sulfate,
      whereas 40% was non-hydrolyzable with the techniques used and was not further
      characterized.

PMID- 6581620
TI  - [Treatment results of chronic forms of pulp disease using biological methods].

PMID- 6581619
TI  - Enzymic synthesis of steroid sulfates XVI. Specificity and regulation of human
      adrenal hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase.
AB  - Pure hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase (EC 2.8.2.2) of human adrenal glands
      possesses a wide substrate specificity towards steroids. This wide specificity
      has now been found to extend to simple alcohols; normal aliphatic alcohols from
      C3 onwards acting as substrates with C9 showing the highest rate. Increased rate
      was accompanied by a decrease in Km. In marked contrast to the sulfurylation of
      steroids such as dehydroepiandrosterone, which exhibit wave-like kinetics, the
      kinetics with simple alcohols were of the normal Michaelis-Menten type. By means
      of enzyme antibody and enzyme stability studies evidence was provided that one
      and the same enzyme was responsible for sulfurylation of hydroxyls on the 3- and
      17- positions of steroids and simple alcohols. The data lend support to previous
      evidence that the enzyme controls the secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
      via steroid-specific binding sites, enabling self-regulation in response to ACTH
      action.

PMID- 6581621
TI  - [Flap surgery and subgingival curettage in the treatment of alveolar pockets -
      comparative study].

PMID- 6581622
TI  - [Densitometric analysis of radiographs and surgical findings].

PMID- 6581623
TI  - [Standardized criteria for the evaluation of Bell's paralysis].

PMID- 6581624
TI  - [Interdisciplinary approach in the treatment of patients with oro-facial
      injuries].

PMID- 6581626
TI  - [Interesting cases of face and jaw anomalies with respect to hereditary aspects].

PMID- 6581625
TI  - [Pathohistological changes of various dog tissues exposed to aluminum oxide
      implants].

PMID- 6581627
TI  - [Observations on hereditary predisposition in the occurrence of calcareous
      degeneration in tooth pulp].

PMID- 6581628
TI  - [Pain in the temporomandibular joint caused by previous head injuries].

PMID- 6581629
TI  - [Temporary crowns and the gingival sulcus].

PMID- 6581630
TI  - [Treatment results of acute forms of pulp diseases using biological methods].

PMID- 6581631
TI  - Management of retinal detachment following congenital cataract surgery.
AB  - Retinal detachment complicating previous congenital cataract surgery poses
      problems in management, especially related to difficulties in ophthalmoscopic
      visualization of breaks. The recent introduction of closed microsurgical
      techniques has significantly improved the prognosis in such cases.

PMID- 6581632
TI  - Should diabetes be a contraindication for an intraocular lens?
AB  - Twenty-five patients with Binkhorst 4-loop intraocular lenses were studied to
      assess the ease of visualization of their fundi, and the feasibility of treating
      diabetic retinopathy. All patients had fulfilled several pre-operative selection
      criteria. Visualization with the direct ophthalmoscope and posterior pole contact
      lens was good in most cases through undilated pupils. Documentation of fundus
      abnormalities by fundus photography and fluorescein angiography was possible only
      if the pupils were dilated. Retinal photocoagulation with argon laser could be
      carried out through the intraocular lenses in all patients requiring treatment.
      Iris clip lenses should not be regarded as contraindicated in selected diabetic
      patients.

PMID- 6581633
TI  - The Molteno long-tube implant.
AB  - The surgical treatment of open angle glaucoma in eyes expected to have an
      unsuccessful result from trabeculectomy is considered. It is concluded that the
      long-tube implant of Molteno is currently the method of choice. The rationale of
      the method is discussed. The technique is described.

PMID- 6581634
TI  - Laser trabeculoplasty.

PMID- 6581635
TI  - In malignant choroidal melanoma will a delay in radical treatment influence
      prognosis?
AB  - In a series of 568 patients with choroidal malignant melanoma some 36 were found
      to have a history of at least 4 years prior to enucleation. Of these, 20 had
      actually been observed for a period of 3 years or more before such treatment was
      deemed necessary. Computer analysis of a series of risk factors and their effect
      on prognosis showed that there was no worsening of mortality as compared to the
      series as a whole and further that the post enucleation peak of mortality was the
      same in this small group as in the whole series.

PMID- 6581636
TI  - Choroidal melanoma: the role of conservative therapy.
AB  - The indications for and the results of therapy with cobalt plaques and
      photocoagulation administered to patients with choroidal melanoma are reviewed in
      the light of present-day experience. 99 patients followed up for a minimum of
      five years are included in the study. The visual results and survival figures
      confirm that there is a definite place for these forms of conservative therapy of
      choroidal melanomata.

PMID- 6581637
TI  - The significance of glaucoma in the management of melanomas of the anterior
      segment.

PMID- 6581638
TI  - The treatment of ciliary body melanoma by beta radiation.

PMID- 6581639
TI  - Techniques and results of 106Ru/106Rh radiation of choroidal tumours.
AB  - After a survey of the literature on the therapy of choroidal melanomas the
      authors report on the technique and results of 106Ru/106Rh irradiation in 42 eyes
      with choroidal melanoma and 2 metastatic uveal tumours treated between 1980 and
      1983. The technique is limited to tumours with a prominence of 5 to 6 mm and
      maximum extension of 18 mm. After an observation time of 12 to 36 months total
      tumour regression was found in 24 cases of melanoma and 2 metastatic tumours.
      Nine cases needed a second irradiation, 4 cases an additional photocoagulation.
      Because of multiple metastases 1 patient with an advanced tumour (11 mm of
      prominence, only eye) died 1 year after treatment.

PMID- 6581640
TI  - Chronic open angle glaucoma treated with Timolol. A four year study.
AB  - Many reported series of patients treated with topical Timolol for chronic open
      angle glaucoma have been changed from other medication after a 'wash-out' period.
      This four year study reports the ocular hypotensive effect of Timolol in 82 new
      patients with chronic open angle glaucoma followed for up to 4.5 years. The
      effects on intraocular pressure, visual acuity, visual field, pupil size, pulse
      rate, blood pressure and Schirmer's test were recorded and correlated. Corneal
      sensitivity was also followed in some patients, matched by a series of controls,
      using the method of Cochet and Bonnet. The results are discussed, and only slight
      reduction in blood pressure and pulse rate was found, and there was no
      significant effect on the pupil diameter or Schirmer's test. There was no
      significant effect on corneal sensitivity. There was only slight tachyphylaxis.
      Of the 82 patients, 20 patients required extra medical or surgical treatment. 16
      patients dropped out through death or failure to attend, and of the remaining 66
      patients, 69.7 per cent were controlled by Timolol alone.

PMID- 6581641
TI  - Clinico pathological correlation in eyes with failed fistulizing surgery.

PMID- 6581642
TI  - Monoclonal anti-Ia murine alloantibodies crossreactive with the Ia-homologues of
      other mammalian species including humans.
AB  - Two murine monoclonal anti-Ia alloantibodies (ISCR2 and ISCR3) crossreactive with
      lymphocytes of other mammalian species including humans have been established.
      These hybridomas were derived from A.TH mice immunized with A.TL lymphocytes, and
      they reacted with murine Ia antigens, as judged by complement-dependent
      cytotoxicity assays and chemical analysis. Genetic mapping analysis suggested
      that ISCR2 recognizes the allotypic determinants shared between the I-A and the I
      E molecules. On the other hand, the specificity of ISCR3 was shown to correspond
      to the serological specificity Ia.7 and directed to the I-E subregion gene
      product (E alpha). The genetic specificity of ISCR3 was also confirmed by
      sequential precipitation analysis performed on the internally labeled B10.BR
      spleen cell antigen. These antibodies showed interspecies crossreactions with non
      murine lymphocytes. ISCR2 showed reactivity on human and dog lymphocytes, but not
      with rat lymphocytes. ISCR3 reacted with human, dog, and rat lymphocytes but not
      with chicken or frog lymphocytes. Furthermore, ISCR3 was shown to be capable of
      eliminating a population of cells necessary for induction of human allogeneic
      killer cells in vitro. Treatment of stimulator cells with ISCR3 and complement
      drastically reduced the induction of the killer activity.

PMID- 6581643
TI  - [A construction kit for assemblies used in breathing circuits].

PMID- 6581645
TI  - [Genetic polymorphism of alkaline phosphatase and the resistance to Marek's
      disease virus].
AB  - Experiments were carried out with a total of 222 birds of the 5-A, 6-E, Ya-73,
      LL, and LS lines of the White Leghorn breed to find whether or not there existed
      any correlation between the alkaline phosphatase allels and the resistance to
      Marek's disease. The polymorphism of alkaline phosphatase was evaluated in the
      blood plasma of birds through horizontal electrophoresis in starch gel after G a
      hn e [3]. The resistance of the five egg laying lines of birds was found to be
      associated with the Akps allel, and their susceptibility - with the AkpF allel.
      No mortality with the homozygous gene type SS was established in the investigated
      lines except for a birds of the LL line. It was found that there existed full
      agreement of the results from the studies on broiler and laying lines concerning
      the exclusive resistance of birds of Akp SS gene type. This made it reasonable to
      believe that the indirect selection by resistance to the Marek's disease virus
      through the use of the Akps allel as a genetic marker was promising.

PMID- 6581644
TI  - Hematologic neoplasms with initial manifestations in lower urinary tract.
AB  - Hematologic tumors with initial clinical manifestations in the lower urinary
      tract are exceedingly rare. Six such cases are reported. Four of these were
      lymphomas, 2 involving the urinary bladder, 1 the urethra, and 1 the right
      ureter. The remaining 2 were an extramedullary plasmacytoma and a granulocytic
      sarcoma, both located in the urinary bladder. To our knowledge, this is the first
      case report of granulocytic sarcoma of the urinary bladder presenting with
      urologic symptoms.

PMID- 6581646
TI  - Limb preservation in extremity osteosarcoma.

PMID- 6581647
TI  - Statistical image modulation, detection and analysis of dynamic video
      digitizations of hepatic microvasculature.

PMID- 6581648
TI  - Study of estrogen-specific growth of male accessory sex organ smooth muscle using
      a novel anti-estrogen.

PMID- 6581649
TI  - Effects of ouabain, histamine and isoproterenol on electrophysiological
      parameters of control and supersensitive cells of the guinea pig sinoatrial node.

PMID- 6581650
TI  - Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) toxicity in the guinea pig adrenal cortex.

PMID- 6581651
TI  - Drug use in the elderly.

PMID- 6581652
TI  - [Effect of ritodrine on prostaglandin production in vivo and in vitro].
AB  - In 11 women between the 26th and 36th week of gestation the concentration of
      13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) was measured serially in the
      peripheral maternal plasma before and during treatment with ritodrine at a
      concentration of up to 350 mcg/min. On admission the mean plasma PGFM
      concentration was 268.0 +/- 43.3 pg/ml, which was significantly higher than the
      mean PGFM plasma level of the control group (156.0 +/- 21.8; n = 10). Treatment
      with ritodrine was successful in 7 women and led to a small, but statistically
      significant decrease in maternal plasma PGFM levels. In unsuccessful treated
      cases plasma PGFM levels also dropped initially, but increased again at 12 and 24
      hours after initiation of therapy. The addition of ritodrine in concentrations of
      10(-8) to 10(-6)M to the incubation medium led to a decrease in prostaglandin-(PG
      )synthesis in vitro in the decidua and amnion. These changes were, however, only
      significant for PGE at a concentration of 10(-6)M in decidua and for PGE and PGF
      in a concentration of 10(-7)M in amnion. In the myometrium no effect of ritodrine
      on prostaglandin production could be observed. The measurement of PGFM production
      in the incubation vials indicated that ritodrine has no influence on the
      conversion of PGF2 alpha to its metabolite in any of these tissues. The results
      of the present study allow the following conclusions. 1. PGF2 alpha seems to play
      a role in the mechanism of premature labor. 2. In premature labor patients
      successful treated with ritodrine a significant decrease in circulating plasma
      PGFM levels is observed. In vitro ritodrine led to a small, but significant
      decrease in PGE and PGF synthesis in decidua and amnion which may add to the
      uterus-relaxing effect of ritodrine.

PMID- 6581654
TI  - Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome--report on 24 Korean cases.

PMID- 6581653
TI  - HLA-DR antigens and HLA-B:DR haplotypes in Koreans.

PMID- 6581655
TI  - [Care and management of adolescents by the practice team].

PMID- 6581656
TI  - [The future course in dental prosthetics].

PMID- 6581658
TI  - [Possibilities for foreign study programs today].

PMID- 6581657
TI  - [The amount of chemical waste in dental practice].

PMID- 6581659
TI  - [Cost economics for caries preventive measures].

PMID- 6581660
TI  - [Developmental prospects in biotechnology and the legal possibilities in
      acknowledging as inventions achievements in this field].

PMID- 6581661
TI  - [Long-term results of the comprehensive therapy of osteosarcoma].

PMID- 6581662
TI  - [Comprehensive therapy of osteosarcoma using high doses of methotrexate-
      experience 1980-1983].

PMID- 6581663
TI  - Increased frequency of HLA-Cw4 in type 2 diabetes.
AB  - In order to investigate whether there is an association between the HLA system
      and type 2 diabetes, we have determined HLA-A, B- and C-antigens in 227 patients
      with onset of diabetes between the ages of 35 and 70 years and compared them with
      the HLA-antigen frequencies in Finnish blood donors. One hundred and sixty-eight
      patients (74%) were treated with diet or oral antidiabetic drugs (non-insulin
      dependent), whereas 59 patients (26%) were treated with insulin (insulin
      dependent). The HLA-antigen Cw4 was found in 38.7% of the non-insulin dependent
      patients (relative risk 2.67, p = 0.00005) and in 15.6% of the insulin dependent
      diabetics (relative risk 0.785 NS) compared with 19.1% in blood donors. In
      addition, there was an increase in the frequency of HLA-Bw35 antigen among the
      non-insulin dependent patients (relative risk 1.6, P = 0.007), which could be
      explained by the known positive linkage disequilibrium between HLA-Bw35 and HLA
      Cw4. In insulin-dependent patients there was a decrease in the frequency of HLA
      B7 (relative risk 0.226, P = 0.001) and an increase in the frequencies of HLA-B8
      (relative risk 1.91, P = 0.031), B12 (relative risk 2.22, P = 0.01) and B15
      (relative risk 2.04, P = 0.019) compared with blood donors. CONCLUSION: these
      data provide evidence that genes in the HLA region may have some influence in
      genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. They further suggest that maturity
      onset (type 2) diabetes is a heterogeneous disease in terms of HLA
      antigens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6581664
TI  - Variability of a dental morphological trait.
AB  - A study of morphologic variability was made for maxillary incisor lingual fossa
      depth. The problem of variability is discussed, and new methods for the
      statistical treatment of variability are presented. Possibly, the best procedure
      to express biologic variability is to present SDs, CVs, Xs, ranges, RCs, and the
      logarithmic graphic method of the relationship between CV and X. No sex
      differences in variability could be demonstrated. Maxillary centrals and laterals
      in the Eskimo were found to have relatively equal variability. This is seen in
      connection with the great functional demand on Eskimo incisors, giving less
      reduction of the laterals, a possible simultaneous commencement of calcification
      for I1sup and I2sup, and possible genetic drift. Comparison of variability for
      six populations shows no racial differences in variability. Variability is not
      found to increase with inbreeding. Population comparisons do not confirm little
      reduction in the Eskimo to be associated with high variability. Genetic drift
      might be the explanation of the homogeneity of maxillary incisor lingual fossa
      depth in East Greenland Eskimos.

PMID- 6581665
TI  - Masticatory efficiency. A new method for determination of the breakdown of
      masticated test material.
AB  - One of the purposes of mastication is to break down the food and enlarge the area
      of food particles. A method is described by which the masticatory efficiency is
      estimated by calculating the area of a chewed test material, gelatin-hardened by
      formalin. When test pieces, after being chewed, are placed in a water-soluble
      dye, the dye will diffuse into the particles, and consequently the dye
      concentration in the surrounding solution will decrease. The concentration of the
      dye solution is read from a photometer. A close correlation was found between the
      gelatin particle area and the reduction of the dye solution concentration. The
      method will be applied in clinical studies.

PMID- 6581666
TI  - Influence of X-ray irradiation on the ultrastructure of rat submandibular gland
      striated-duct cells.
AB  - Previous investigations have indicated that striated-duct cells react to
      stimulation with an apocrine secretion, morphologically demonstrated by bleb-like
      projections of the apical cytoplasm. Since bleb formation as an ultrastructural
      feature also has been debated and sometimes interpreted as a fixation artifact,
      it was considered essential to extend the studies by exposing the submandibular
      gland to X rays to establish whether such treatment would have any influence on
      the formation of blebs. The material used in the present study consisted of rat
      submandibular glands exposed to X rays in the range of 200-1800 rad. The glands
      were examined by both SEM and TEM. The duct cells exposed to 200 rad appeared
      normal, with no sign of alteration in their ability to produce blebs, whereas
      duct cells exposed to 750 rad showed no sign of bleb formation. Some of the duct
      cells exposed to 1800 rad showed considerable morphological changes, consistent
      with oncotic transformation. The results support the conclusion that bleb
      formation is a normal morphological feature and not an artifact. This study also
      indicates that the functional activity of the cells is reduced after exposure to
      X rays.

PMID- 6581667
TI  - Evaluation of two methods of scoring denture plaque.
AB  - In a previously published study on the effect of an alcalase on development of
      denture plaque, two different methods were used to quantify plaque on the fitting
      surface of maxillary dentures. Both methods were based on scoring of photographs
      at X 10 magnification. In one of the methods the percentage area was estimated
      with 10% intervals from 0% to 100%. By the other method dentures were ranked
      according to cleanliness based on area and on degree of staining of plaque. The
      number of dentures in each of the 14 treatment periods was 14 or 15. The present
      study was conducted to determine the reliability of the two methods. Reliability
      of the two methods was determined by using Pearson's correlation coefficient and
      Kendall's tau. Both intra- and inter-examiner reliability was high. A high
      correlation between the two methods was also demonstrated.

PMID- 6581668
TI  - Effects of sympathetic nerve activity on acute mobility of the rabbit incisor
      tooth.
AB  - The contribution of local blood flow to the buffering properties of the
      periodontal ligament was examined in 15 anesthetized rabbits. The position of the
      tooth was recorded by an ultrasonic transit time technique, and local vascular
      pressures and volumes were altered by electrical stimulation of the cervical
      sympathetic nerves. The unloaded tooth was shifted into a slightly intruded
      position by nerve stimulation, and from this position, intrusion movements evoked
      by 5- to 10-g loads were found to be 10-15% smaller than before the stimulation.
      Tooth mobility was unaffected by 20-30 mm Hg reductions in mean arterial
      pressure, but similar decreases in mobility as evoked by nerve stimulation were
      observed when the pressure was brought down to 10-25 mm Hg. This procedure also
      produced about the same intrusive shift of the unloaded tooth. Most likely, the
      sympathetic nerve activity decreased tooth mobility by causing a fall in
      periodontal vascular pressures, thereby moving the tooth into a position where it
      was more resistant to further, load-induced intrusion.

PMID- 6581669
TI  - Temporomandibular joint involvement and dental occlusion in a group of adults
      with rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and dental occlusion were investigated
      clinically and radiographically in 59 patients aged 23-83 (mean, 58) years with
      general joint disease. Forty-nine had rheumatoid arthritis (RA), mostly of long
      duration. The patients were divided into four groups by type of dentition.
      Radiographic TMJ abnormality was found in about 4 of 5 patients with RA, in both
      the dentate and the edentulous group. The abnormality was mainly destructive with
      productive signs, but in the edentulous group erosive and asymmetrical changes
      occurred more often. Almost complete restriction of the condylar translation and
      severely restricted mouth opening (less than or equal to 30 mm) rarely occurred,
      although the translatory motion was restricted in several patients. Many of these
      had a satisfactory mouth opening (greater than 40 mm). Occlusal changes-various
      degrees of anterior bite opening-were reported by about one fourth of both the
      dentate patients and the complete denture wearers. One patient had occlusal
      contact on the second molars only. Anterior bite opening occurred only in
      patients with radiographic TMJ abnormality, including 5 of the 6 patients with
      complete mandibular head destruction.

PMID- 6581670
TI  - The effect of a partial bite-raising splint on the inclination of upper and lower
      front teeth.
AB  - In a previous paper it was maintained that the effect of the permanent use of an
      anterior partial bite-raising splint was an intrusion of the front teeth and an
      eruption of the others. However, the effect might have been merely a change in
      the inclination of the front teeth. The present study comprised the same material
      as earlier. Linear and angular changes in the position of upper and lower
      incisors were measured on cephalometric radiographs. In the upper jaw a possible
      average proclination occurred, whereas in the lower jaw no or only a very small
      retroclination took place. The values were well within the method error, and it
      was concluded that the effect of the splint had been one of intrusion of the
      upper and lower front teeth and not merely a change in their inclination.

PMID- 6581671
TI  - Polishability of dental amalgam as influenced by condensation pressure and
      primary mercury content.
AB  - The polishability of some amalgam products was studied by determining the
      roughness (Rs) of metallographically polished specimens. The surface porosity of
      the specimens was also measured and was found to be closely correlated with the
      roughness. Two manipulative variables, condensation pressure and primary
      (precondensation) mercury content, were examined with respect to their effect on
      porosity and polishability. For the condensation pressures 14 and 20 MPa no
      differences could be observed in the effect on the surface properties studied.
      The primary mercury content was varied in three steps--the normal, recommended
      level and 5% more and less than this. For those products having a recommended
      precondensation mercury content of 50% or less, the 5% decrease in mercury
      resulted in a pronounced increase in porosity and Rs. The results indicate that
      polishability is for some products markedly improved by avoiding a dry mix.

PMID- 6581672
TI  - The blood capillaries in the subodontoblastic region of the human dental pulp, as
      demonstrated by freeze-fracturing.
AB  - The microvasculature of the subodontoblastic region in the human dental pulp was
      studied, using freeze-fracturing. This technique allows an analysis of the fine
      structure of the vascular endothelium with special reference to the membrane
      structure. The blood capillaries were noted to be of the non-fenestrated or
      continuous type, although a few fenestrated vessels were observed. The
      endothelial plasmalemma often exhibited bundles of fibrillar structures,
      presumably myofilaments. There was a relatively large number of micropinocytotic
      vesicles and the interendothelial spaces were closed juxtaluminally by tight
      junctions (zonulae occludentes). The junctions appeared mostly as two to four
      strands, seen as ridges or grooves on the cell membrane. Thin-walled, irregular,
      tissue channels lacking the typical, blood-vessel configuration were disclosed.
      These vessels were believed to represent lymphatics.

PMID- 6581673
TI  - Oral tardive dyskinesia in the rat.
AB  - Oral tardive dyskinesia may develop due to neuroleptic therapy as a drug-induced
      disorder of the dopaminergic system of the brain. Long-term treatment with a
      neuroleptic drug impairing dopaminergic neurotransmission in the rat brain
      augments oral dyskinetic responses to dopaminergic agonists like apomorphine. In
      the present experiments, rats were pretreated daily with haloperidol for 3 weeks
      to cause a 'chronic' blockade in the striatal dopamine receptors. After a
      withdrawal period of 3 and 6 days, oral sensory stimulation was applied. On the
      following day the same groups were given apomorphine, and the oral stimulation
      was repeated. The rats pretreated daily with haloperidol had significantly higher
      dyskinesia scores than the rats pretreated with saline. The main observation with
      these sensitized rats was an increase in the frequency and intensity of
      experimental bruxism caused by oral sensory stimulation alone. Sensory impulses
      are known to cause release of dopamine in the nigrostriatal system. The
      combination of oral sensory stimulation and central dopaminergic supersensitivity
      in the rat can be regarded as an animal model for oral symptoms in human
      dyskinesia.

PMID- 6581674
TI  - Physical properties of some zinc phosphate and polycarboxylate cements.
AB  - Several physical properties were measured for two zinc phosphate and three
      polycarboxylate cements. The specimens were tested in compression 24 h after they
      had been made. Two series of specimens were examined. In one series the cement
      powders were given a correct treatment, protected from atmospheric humidity. In
      the other series the powders were exposed for 1 week to ambient conditions with
      the temperature varying between 20 degrees and 24 degrees C and the relative
      humidity between 40% and 59%. The zinc phosphate cements were characterized by
      high values of modulus of elasticity and by plastic deformations less than 0.2%.
      The polycarboxylate cements were more flexible and also exhibited large plastic
      deformations. Compared with the zinc phosphate cements, therefore, the
      polycarboxylate cements had high values of resilience and toughness. The storing
      of cement powders exposed to atmospheric humidity for 1 week did not change the
      measured properties of the polycarboxylate cements. However, both strength and
      resilience were significantly reduced for one phosphate cement.

PMID- 6581675
TI  - Enamel structure in deciduous teeth from low-birth-weight infants.
AB  - Ground sections of deciduous teeth from 64 infants with birth weights below 2000
      g and from 43 healthy full-term infants were examined in polarized light and by
      microradiography. The deciduous enamel displayed various changes, which were more
      frequent and pronounced in the low-birth-weight group. The main findings were
      diffuse areas of increased porosity and distinct subsurface lesions in the
      postnatal enamel. Five teeth with enamel hypoplasia from the low-birth-weight
      group were also examined. The hypoplasias were all located along the neonatal
      line. The postnatal enamel seemed to be more susceptible to disturbances in the
      mineralization than the prenatal enamel. The subsurface lesions showed an arrest
      in the very late stages of enamel maturation, which frequently occurred in the
      cervical deciduous enamel. Enamel hypoplasia is considered to be a result of
      severe neonatal hypocalcemia.

PMID- 6581676
TI  - Phase equilibrium in Ag-Pd-Cu dental alloys.
AB  - A dental alloy consisting of Ag-Pd-Cu-Au has been annealed at various
      temperatures and subsequently quenched to produce a solid solution before a
      hardening heat treatment. The phases present were studied by means of X-ray
      diffraction measurements. As in conventional Au-Ag-Cu alloys, an equilibrium of
      two FCC (face-centered cubic) phases existed up to the solid solution annealing
      temperature, which is considerably higher in the present alloy (900 degrees C).
      However, even a rapid quench from 900 degrees C caused a small amount of
      decomposition of the matrix. The X-ray diffractogram indicated that this new
      phase is CuPd with a CsCl(B2) superstructure. The greatest hardness after age
      hardening at 350 degrees C was achieved with a proper prerequisite solid-solution
      annealing.

PMID- 6581678
TI  - Appearance of finished and unfinished composite surfaces after toothbrushing. A
      scanning electron microscopy study.
AB  - The effect of toothbrushing, using tap water, pumice, or dentifrice, on five
      resins--two microfiller resins, one composite resin with both large and
      microfiller particles, one composite resin introduced as a filling material for
      posterior teeth, and one conventional composite resin--was studied by scanning
      electron microscopy. Brushing with water had almost no effect on the unfinished
      specimens. When the unfinished and finished specimens of the large filler
      containing materials were brushed with toothpaste or pumice, rough surface
      characteristics were obtained. After the finishing and toothbrushing procedures
      only one of the microfiller materials showed very smooth surface characteristics.
      The microfiller materials may be finished with successively finer devices to
      smooth surfaces that will stay smooth after toothbrushing, whereas finishing the
      large filler-containing resin materials does not lead to a lasting smooth
      surface.

PMID- 6581677
TI  - Responses of feline intradental sensory nerves to hyperosmotic stimulation of
      dentin.
AB  - The responses of intradental sensory nerves to hyperosmotic solutions of sucrose
      (4M) and calcium chloride (6M) applied in dentinal cavities were studied in
      anesthetized cats. Nerve impulse activity was recorded from canine teeth after
      application of the test solutions in shallow and deep cavities. In shallow
      cavities (thickness of remaining dentin, about 500 micron) sucrose and calcium
      chloride caused an immediate and transient excitation of the nerves in 3 out of
      15 teeth and in 8 of 12 teeth, respectively. Treatment of such cavities with
      lactic acid (1M) increased the frequency of nerve responses to 100%. When applied
      in deep cavities (thickness of remaining dentin, 0-50 micron), sucrose induced a
      burst of impulses followed by continuous nerve activity, whereas calcium chloride
      decreased the nerve excitability. Our results support the hypothesis that
      solutions exerting an effective osmotic pressure excite the intradental nerves by
      an indirect mechanism when applied on the dentin and that they exert a direct
      effect on nerves when in contact with the pulp. In addition, it is suggested that
      acids produced in carious dentin may facilitate the induction of pain by
      hyperosmotic stimuli.

PMID- 6581679
TI  - Management of patients with soft-tissue tumors. Strategy developed at a regional
      oncology center.
AB  - Clinical and morphologic variables in soft-tissue sarcomas and lipomas were
      retrospectively analysed and compared in consecutive, unselected population-based
      series from southern Sweden 1964-1981. Among the sarcoma patients these variables
      and the treatment given were evaluated by multivariate analysis with regard to
      the clinical course. The results of aspiration cytology and its influence on the
      choice of surgical procedure were evaluated in two series of patients referred to
      the Orthopaedic Oncology Group (the Center) because of suspected malignant soft
      tissue tumors. Changes in the surgical treatment over time was determined. The
      annual incidence of sarcoma was 1.4/10(5) with a 30 per cent male preponderance.
      The mean age was 58 years. The most common histologic types were malignant
      fibrous histiocytoma, liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma. Twenty-three per cent were
      histologically classified as low-grade malignant (Grades I and II), 33 per cent
      as Grade III and 44 per cent as Grade IV tumors. Slightly more than one half of
      the tumors were deep and these had a median size of 8 cm compared to 4 cm for the
      superficial tumors. One third of the tumors were located in the thigh. The annual
      clinical incidence of solitary subcutaneous lipoma was estimated to 1/10(3). Four
      fifths of the lipomas were smaller than 5 cm and they were most common in the
      trunk, shoulder and upper arm. By comparing clinical data for benign tumors and
      sarcomas it was found that a tumor 5 cm or larger or a deep tumor is relatively
      more likely to be a sarcoma. Patients with tumors of that size and depth should
      be referred before surgery. The probability of a benign cytodiagnosis being
      correct was 0.97 while that of a malignant one was 0.85. For a cytodiagnostic
      report of sarcoma the probability of correct diagnosis was 0.84. In a prospective
      evaluation the planned surgery was changed by subsequent cytodiagnosis in one
      third of the patients. Negative prognostic variables as regards survival in the
      order of decreasing relative risks were: Malignancy Grades IV and III, pain, male
      sex, increasing age and tumor size, marginal surgery and extracompartmental tumor
      site. Marginal excision, extracompartmental tumor site and age exerted their
      effect only via local recurrence which had a stronger negative influence on
      survival than any of the other variables. A linear survival function based on the
      prognostic variables was related to the probability of survival and the patients
      could be stratified into subsets with significantly different survival.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6581680
TI  - Anthropometric studies in Norwegian children.
AB  - A mixed longitudinal study of 3,068 children and adolescents from Bergen was
      carried out in the years from 1971-74. Measurements of height, weight, four
      skinfolds, biacromial and biiliac diameters, head and arm circumferences, arm
      length and sitting height, were taken. Distance centile charts were constructed
      for all 12 variables. Annual height and weight increments were also studied.
      Children in Bergen were taller in 1971-74 than in 1956 and approached the 1970
      values from Oslo. Bergen children were smaller than Dutch children but were
      taller than children from other Scandinavian countries and children from some
      other Western countries. Median age at peak height velocity was 13.6 years in
      boys and 12.2 years in girls. The weights of pubertal girls varied considerably
      with a tendency to weight loss in some subjects. Weight for height centiles of
      Bergen children 1971-74 were closer to the results from Bergen 1956 than to Oslo
      children in 1970. When weights and skinfolds of Bergen children were compared to
      materials from other countries, a more complicated pattern was found. A tendency
      to overweight seen in adolescents living in Western countries, was also observed
      in the present material. A set of weight for height curves based on the median
      curve and the median weights -10%, +10%, +20%, and +30%, respectively, was found
      to be more close to the normal situation. This set of curves should therefore be
      used in practical clinical work. Children from Bergen had head circumferences
      relatively close to Danish children and larger than the most widely used
      international standards. Bergen children had similar or higher median sitting
      height, biacromial and biiliac diameters than children from other countries. Arm
      circumferences of Bergen children were smaller than in Dutch children and
      relatively similar to children from other countries. The present growth study may
      be regarded as representative of normal Norwegian children in a period with a
      high standard of living and small differences between various subgroups of the
      population.

PMID- 6581681
TI  - Cystic fibrosis. In vitro and in vivo studies on the biochemical background to
      the pathogenesis.
AB  - Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common severe, autosomal recessive disease in
      Caucasians. The main clinical symptoms are all related to exocrine gland
      disturbances and include obstructive lung disease, pancreatic insufficiency and
      increased sweat electrolytes. In the present investigation fibroblasts from CF
      homozygotes were studied by X-ray microanalysis and were shown to have an
      increased calcium and a decreased sodium content, compared with fibroblasts from
      controls. The calcium increase was not specific for CF, since it was also found
      in fibroblasts from trisomy patients. The calcium abnormality could be corrected
      without any effect on the sodium level by treatment of CF cells with medium
      conditioned by normal cells. When normal cells were treated with medium
      conditioned by CF cells, the intracellular sodium level decreased without changes
      in the calcium level. Acid hydrolases were quantitatively increased in serum from
      CF patients but no qualitative differences, neither in thermal stability nor in
      isoelectric focusing patterns were found. Neither was any defect observed in the
      recognition marker of the hydrolases released from CF fibroblasts. CF homozygotes
      and heterozygotes had increased concentrations of lactate and electrolytes and
      increased activities of ribonuclease in their saliva and urine. The salivary
      concentration of protein was also elevated. When healthy controls were submitted
      to intensive maximal (anaerobic) exercise on a bicycle ergometer their salivary
      contents of lactate, ribonuclease, protein and electrolytes increased. Their
      saliva thus became more like that in CF patients. Indications of abnormal
      handling of a load dose of sucrose were found in both homozygotes and
      heterozygotes. Greater increases in the salivary concentrations of both glucose
      and lactate, but also a more rapid clearance of these metabolites were noted
      after the sucrose intake. Ingestion of sucrose also caused a normalization
      (decrease) of the salivary electrolyte content in homozygotes and heterozygotes.
      Evidence was thus produced to indicate a disturbance in the metabolism of
      carbohydrates and energy in cystic fibrosis, and it is speculated that such a
      disturbance might be of importance for the pathogenesis of this disease.

PMID- 6581682
TI  - Home environment of children in a new Stockholm suburb. A prospective
      longitudinal study.
AB  - Children who were born in the early 1980s in the Stockholm suburb that was
      studied had a home environment that may be described as follows. The material
      standards in the area were good, the dwellings were spacious and modern, the
      outdoor environment was pleasant for children and the municipal service
      facilities were well developed. The transport services to the city are frequent,
      comfortable and convenient. In a typical case, the parents are about 30 years
      old, they are of old Swedish stock and are living together, married or unmarried.
      They received a good education and usually also occupational training. Generally,
      both parents have a job outside the home. In quite a few such cases the mother
      has shift- or nightwork. Although both parents have jobs, the family surprisingly
      often has financial problems. Thus more than one family in five needed financial
      assistance from the authorities. The financial difficulties may be due to illness
      and addiction in the parents. About one in ten of the mothers has been
      hospitalised for a chronic somatic disease and about one in ten of the fathers is
      in the records for alcoholism. Criminality is also common, every sixth or seventh
      father having a police record. About every fourth child born in this suburb will
      grow up in a home where either the father or the mother is known for an addiction
      and/or criminality, and/or has been treated for mental illness. To conjure up and
      describe the atmosphere in a home in this suburb is not easy but in the present
      study information was obtained supporting the suspicion that many homes are
      characterised by insecurity, isolation and hopelessness and a serious unsatisfied
      need for help. Many of the mothers have grown up in rather special social
      conditions--for instance, in "broken homes", or with an alcoholic father or a
      mentally ill mother. As a result, nearly every tenth mother had been placed
      outside the home at an early age (in a foster-home or suchlike). In later years
      also, many of the mothers have had the burden of sick, malformed or mentally
      retarded children in their home, or have experienced the serious illness or death
      of some person close to them. Particularly in the period before their child's
      birth many women have had reason to feel anxious. About one woman in three has
      already had a miscarriage and/or abortion, and during pregnancy she may have
      suffered from serious nausea or depression. Quite a few also needed to take
      medicines during that time. In many families, it is reported, the man and woman
      have had trouble in living together, with resultant divorce situations, quarrels
      and assaults.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6581683
TI  - Growth retardation in the early developing rat exposed to continuous hypobaric
      hypoxia.
AB  - Weanling male rats weighing 48.5 +/- 1.4 g were divided into two groups, hypoxic
      and normoxic. The former was placed into an altitude chamber and maintained at a
      pressure equivalent to 0.45 atm. (6 100 m) over a period of 23 days. The normoxic
      group was maintained at sea level conditions. Food intake, body weight, body
      length and tail length were recorded every day. Body weight gain in hypoxic rats
      was 35% of that seen in normoxic controls at the end of the experimental period.
      Body length gain was 55% and tail length gain was 59% of normal at the same time.
      The amount of food eaten by the hypoxic animals during the entire exposure period
      was 55% of that consumed by normoxic ones. The average daily caloric intake
      related to metabolic body weight (appetite quotient) of hypoxic rats was 60% of
      the normoxic control value. Efficiency of protein utilization was not
      significantly different between both groups of rats. These results indicate that
      exposure to hypobaric hypoxia induces growth retardation in the rat, which
      appears to be the result of a diminution in food intake because of a decreased
      appetite.

PMID- 6581684
TI  - The cardiovascular disease study in Norwegian counties. Results from first
      screening.

PMID- 6581685
TI  - Arterial hypertension in the elderly. Proceedings from the 8th scientific meeting
      of the Danish Society of Hypertension. Copenhagen, Denmark, September 10-11,
      1982.

PMID- 6581686
TI  - Cerebral blood flow and antihypertensive drugs in the elderly.

PMID- 6581687
TI  - The significance of systolic hypertension in the 1897-population in Glostrup.
AB  - The predictive value of a high diastolic or systolic blood pressure for presence
      or development of cardiovascular disease diminishes with age. In the present 10
      year prospective study of 70-year-olds a Cox regression analysis for competing
      risk markers for cardiovascular events in the eighth decade was carried out. This
      analysis showed that neither high diastolic nor high systolic blood pressure had
      individual predictive value for death from cardiovascular diseases. Concerning
      development of cardiovascular diseases, however, high systolic blood pressure had
      individual predictive value in both sexes.

PMID- 6581688
TI  - Antihypertensive treatment in elderly patients in general practice (preliminary
      results).

PMID- 6581689
TI  - The prognostic effect of antihypertensive treatment in the elderly.

PMID- 6581690
TI  - Hypertension and stroke in an elderly population.

PMID- 6581691
TI  - Arterial hypertension as a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease 15-years
      follow-up of the 1914-population in Glostrup.

PMID- 6581692
TI  - The accuracy of auscultatory blood pressure measurement in the elderly.

PMID- 6581693
TI  - Catecholamines and sympathetic nervous activity in the elderly.

PMID- 6581694
TI  - Haemodynamic changes in the elderly hypertensives.

PMID- 6581695
TI  - The natural history of arterial hypertension in the elderly. A fifty years follow
      up study.

PMID- 6581696
TI  - Head injury in man and experimental animals: clinical aspects.
AB  - Clinical studies have demonstrated that, with regard to death, the two worst
      types of head injury are subdural haematoma (SDH) and diffuse axonal injury
      (DAI). These two have different mechanisms of causation; SDH occurs much more
      commonly in non-vehicular injuries, especially falls, while DAI is caused, almost
      exclusively by vehicular mechanisms. The production of these two types of injury
      in non-impact acceleration models helps to explain these causal differences, but
      also shows that both injuries share a common mechanical cause, differing only in
      degree. SDH is due to vascular injury that is caused by relatively short duration
      angular acceleration loading at high rates of acceleration. These are the
      circumstances that occur in falls where the head rapidly decelerates because of
      impact to firm, unyielding surfaces. DAI is also due to angular acceleration of
      the head, but occurs most readily when the head moves coronally and it only
      occurs when the acceleration duration is longer and the rate of acceleration
      lower than conditions that produce SDH. These conditions are met in vehicle
      occupants where impact to deformable or padded surfaces lengthens the
      deceleration and decreases its rate. In DAI the principal mechanical damage is to
      the brain itself (mainly to axons) while in SDH the primary damage occurs to
      surface blood vessels. Now that models of the two most important types of head
      injury have been created in the laboratory, it is hoped that a better
      understanding of their pathophysiology will result in new strategies to affect
      protection from their occurrence and in improved treatment when they do occur.

PMID- 6581697
TI  - Midline rupture of the mesencephalon.
AB  - A midline rupture of the mesencephalon was found in 3 young males surviving
      closed head injury for 3-5 days. Other brain damage was relatively mild, but
      there was brain oedema with signs of herniation. In only one case were there
      symptoms of a hypothalamic lesion. The author suggests that a rupture is
      initiated by the compression of the brain stem against the clivus, whereby the
      pedunculi are displaced away from each other, and that the rupture naturally
      continues along the midline vessels to end in the aqueduct.

PMID- 6581698
TI  - Brain-stem injury and long survival--a forensic analysis.
AB  - Out of 1781 autopsies undertaken on fatal head in injuries over a period of 19
      years (1960-1979) there were 387 cases with brain-stem lesions; 15 of these had
      survived more than one month. Detailed macroscopic and microscopical studies
      showed different types of damage, which could not be explained by secondary
      processes only. The cases are demonstrated and discussed from the forensic
      viewpoint.

PMID- 6581699
TI  - Head-in-motion contusions in young adults.
AB  - The pathogenesis of contusions was studied in a series of acute fatal closed head
      injuries. Important factors include: 1. whether the head was in motion or
      stationary; 2. the direction and magnitude of the force; 3. the presence of
      depressed fractures and lacerations; and 4. roughness of the overlying bone. In
      the young adult group, the frequent high velocity motor vehicle accidents create
      a dominant pattern of injury to the frontal and temporal lobes, usually sparing
      the occipital lobes and cerebellum.

PMID- 6581700
TI  - Axonal injury in head injury.
AB  - A histological analysis of 324 unselected fatal head injuries disclosed axonal
      injury in the form of retraction balls in 100 cases: this was severe in 64 and
      mild in 36. It is suggested that axonal injury exists as a spectrum without there
      necessarily being selective involvement of the corpus callosum or the rostral
      brain stem, and that cases with mild axonal injury may be unconscious for only a
      short time after their injury.

PMID- 6581701
TI  - Head injury unmasking other brain diseases.
AB  - Sixteen patients previously free of neurological complaints sustained minor head
      injuries and subsequently presented acutely with a wide range of unexpected,
      serious brain diseases. These included brain tumours, berry aneurysms,
      arteriovenous malformations and brain abscess. The possible, responsible
      mechanisms include direct mechanical trauma to the asymptomatic brain lesion,
      hydrocephalus and brain oedema. This unusual complication of head injury should
      be suspected when a florid neurological syndrome follows a minor head injury. CAT
      scanning usually identifies the responsible disease. Because of its therapeutic
      implications, this complication deserves recognition in the differential
      diagnosis and management of head injuries.

PMID- 6581702
TI  - Head injury in man and experimental animals: neuropathology.
AB  - All of the principal types of brain damage that occur in man as a result of a non
      missile head injury, viz. cerebral contusions, intracranial haematoma, raised
      intracranial pressure, diffuse axonal injury, diffuse hypoxic damage, and diffuse
      swelling have been produced in subhuman primates subjected to inertial, i.e. non
      impact, controlled angular acceleration of the head through 60 degrees in the
      sagittal, oblique and lateral planes.

PMID- 6581703
TI  - Deposition of scar tissue in the central nervous system.
AB  - Standard parasagittal lesions were placed stereotactically in the cerebral
      hemispheres of neonatal and adult rats in order to compare scarring in the
      immature and mature animal. Lesions were examined by light and electron
      microscopy and immunofluorescence to study the astrocyte reaction, collagen
      deposition, and the formation of the basement membrane of the glia limitans.
      Normal mature scarring characterized by the deposition of collagen, astrocyte end
      feet alignment over a glia limitans, and the permanent presence of mesodermal
      cells (fibroblasts and macrophages) in the core of the lesion, does not occur in
      wounds before 8-10 days post-partum (dpp). Instead there is no deposition of
      collagen, and only a transitory astrocyte response occurs with the formation of
      an interrupted glia limitans. These latter features disappear with time so that
      the wound is ultimately obliterated by the growth of axons and dendrites through
      the lesion. Mature scarring is attained over 8-12 dpp when increasing amounts of
      collagen are deposited and a continuous permanent glia limitans is formed. The
      acquisition of the mature response to injury from 8-12 dpp may be correlated with
      the presence of increasing titres of a fibroblast growth factor (FGF), derived
      from autolytic digestion of injured brain tissue. We have investigated FGF
      activity using a 3 T 3 fibroblast tissue culture assay to detect mitogenic
      activity in brain extracts from rats lesioned at different ages and from
      leukodystrophic mice which have no myelin. Our results show that high titres of
      FGF are present in the developing brain long before myelination commences, and
      that normal levels of FGF are found in the brains of leukodystrophic mice which
      have no myelin. Scarring in brain lesions in these mutants is quite normal.

PMID- 6581704
TI  - Formation of mossy fibre connections between hippocampal transplants and the
      brain of adult host rats.
AB  - Hippocampal primordia can survive transplantation into adult rat hippocampi. The
      transplants differentiate and form mossy fibre connections with host pyramidal
      cells, while mossy fibre projections from the host can innervate transplants.

PMID- 6581705
TI  - Comprehensive monitoring and computerized tomographic follow up in patients with
      acute severe head injury: coma-outcome correlations.
AB  - In 88 patients with acute severe head injury the Glasgow coma scale (GCS),
      computerized tomography and autonomic monitoring during the first 24 hours were
      used to characterize different types of post-traumatic brain dysfunction. A
      subgroup is defined--GCS 8.1--with signs of diffuse brain swelling and autonomic
      instability which included two cases with dorsal midbrain lesions. These
      preliminary results suggest that autonomic instability is a valid criterion for
      identifying patients suffering from diffuse axonal injury.

PMID- 6581706
TI  - The neuropathology of the vegetative state and severe disability after non
      missile head injury.
AB  - A full neuropathological examination was undertaken in 35 cases of head injury
      who survived at least one month and who were either vegetative or severely
      disabled. Diffuse axonal injury was found in 21 cases, extensive hypoxic damage
      in the neocortex in 16 and secondary damage to the brain stem in 10.

PMID- 6581707
TI  - Ponto-medullary avulsion associated with cervical hyperextension.
AB  - 19 cases of partial or complete ponto-medullary avulsion are reported. This type
      of damage seems to be produced by severe hyperextension of the head on the neck
      with or without an additional rotational component.

PMID- 6581708
TI  - Survival after ponto-medullary junction trauma.
AB  - Four cases with partial avulsions of the ponto-medullary junction resulting from
      a head injury with survival from 8 to 26 days are reported. Such lesions are not
      necessarily immediately fatal and they must be looked for specifically
      postmortem.

PMID- 6581709
TI  - Traumatic tears of the tela chorioidea: a hitherto unrecognized cause of post
      traumatic hydrocephalus.
AB  - A new and hitherto unrecognized phenomenon of rupture of the tela chorioidea in
      closed head injury of acceleration-deceleration type is described. It occurs very
      frequently, especially in association with blows in the centro-axial plane even
      if the acceleration forces are relatively mild. These tears are regularly
      followed by intraventricular bleeding which follows the flow of the CSF into the
      subarachnoid space producing a leptomeningeal reaction with impairment of
      absorption of CSF and consequent communicating hydrocephalus.

PMID- 6581710
TI  - Birth injury to the cervical spine and spinal cord.
AB  - Mechanical trauma to the cervical spine still occurs at birth. In 2 of 48
      perinatal postmortems traumatic damage to the cervical spinal cord was found.
      Also in this series at least 12% of cases from one hospital showed some degree of
      trauma to the cervical spine but this was of a lesser degree in individual cases
      than 20 years ago.

PMID- 6581711
TI  - Neuroradiology of the sequelae of spinal cord trauma.
AB  - More than 850 patients with acute injuries to the spinal cord were explored by
      means of neuroradiological procedures (1954-1981). The sequelae of cord damage
      were assessed in 125 of these patients and the results of neuroradiological
      examinations correlated with the surgical or autopsy findings. Such opportunities
      to demonstrate the changes that follow the acute phase of a spinal cord injury
      are infrequent because of a lack of centralized team care and continuity of
      follow-up. Chronic post-traumatic changes, induced by mechanical kinetic or non
      mechanical energies, were demonstrated after a long period of time, occasionally
      after two to ten years. They were classified into six groups. Disturbances of
      arterial circulation are emphasized as a major source of aggravation of the post
      traumatic state of the spinal cord.

PMID- 6581712
TI  - A computerized data retrieval system for investigation of brain damage in non
      missile head injury.
AB  - An analysis of brain damage in head injury using a computerized data retrieval
      system has contributed to the presentation of the various types of brain damage
      objectively, and has shed light on contre coup contusions and diffuse axonal
      injury.

PMID- 6581713
TI  - Experimental penetrating head injury: some aspects of light microscopical and
      ultrastructural abnormalities.
AB  - A high velocity model of penetrating head injury has been developed in the rhesus
      monkey and a lower velocity model in the baboon. It is apparent that pathological
      changes are widespread and develop early although the pathogenesis of the diffuse
      vascular changes is unknown. The present study involved the sampling of grey and
      white matter from 20 monkeys with high velocity injury, and 10 baboons with low
      velocity injury together with similar material from a number of normal control
      animals. 30 minutes after a high velocity injury swelling of perivascular
      astrocytes was present, sometimes associated with an increase in extracellular
      fluid. Animals with lower velocity injuries survived for some hours. Astrocytic
      swelling and perivascular oedema associated with cellular necrosis was frequently
      found in this group. The pathogenesis of these lesions is discussed.

PMID- 6581714
TI  - Exogenous prostaglandin F2 alpha promotes uterine involution in the cow.

PMID- 6581715
TI  - Thromboxane B2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and PGA1 plasma levels in
      arteriosclerosis obliterans: relationship to clinical manifestations, risk
      factors, and arterial pathoanatomy.
AB  - Current concepts of atherogenesis based on animal and human investigations
      indicate prostaglandins as a key factor in atherosclerotic lesions. The plasma
      profiles of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and PGA1
      were investigated by means of a sensitive radioimmunoassay technique in 40
      patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans and in 30 healthy control subjects.
      Abnormally high levels of TXB2 and PGE2 (222.97 +/- 320.86 pg/ml, mean +/- SD, vs
      20 +/- 2.1 and 352.66 +/- 235.54 vs 24.4 +/- 3, p less than 0.01) were detected
      in arteriosclerosis obliterans patients. The ratio between TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha was increased from 1.2 in control subjects to 6.0 in patients. In
      arteriosclerosis obliterans TXB2 increased in relation to clinical manifestations
      and to the extension of the vascular damage. In addition, TXB2 was positively
      related to serum triglyceride content (r = 0.562, p less than 0.05) and inversely
      related to platelet count (r = 0.727, p less than 0.001). The marked imbalance
      between the stable metabolites of thromboxane and prostacyclin in
      arteriosclerosis obliterans patients provides biologic evidence which fits well
      with the thrombogenic theory of atherosclerosis. These results further support
      the theory that prostaglandins may be heavily involved in atherosclerosis.

PMID- 6581716
TI  - Outcomes of older and younger malnourished and well-nourished patients one year
      after hospitalization.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between malnutrition
      and later health status in old and young patients after hospitalization. Men were
      evaluated by nine criteria of malnutrition and classified as older (age 65 and
      older) and younger (younger than 65). About 32% of the younger and 45% of the
      older men were malnourished. At base-line, malnourished patients had more
      diagnoses (p less than 0.01) and depressed lymphocyte response to
      phytohemagglutinin (p less than 0.05). Older malnourished patients also had more
      depressed chemotaxis results (p less than 0.05). One year later, the malnourished
      patients still had more markers of malnutrition (p less than 0.001), more
      diagnostic problems (particularly infections) during the follow-up (p less than
      0.01), and depressed lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinin (p less than 0.05)
      and increased IgA levels (p less than 0.01). The only deaths (n = 4) occurred
      among the malnourished older men. Alcoholism in the malnourished young men may
      have contributed to their continued or recurrent status of protein energy
      malnutrition. The malnourished old patients could have had less recuperative
      powers and continued poorer diets. The study suggests malnourished hospitalized
      patients are at high risk for long-term health problems probably through
      continued or reoccurring episodes of malnutrition.

PMID- 6581717
TI  - The ultrastructural identification of Auer body precursors in a case of acute
      promyelocytic leukemia using high-angle specimen tilt.
AB  - Auer body (AB) precursors were identified in a case of poorly differentiated
      acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). They consist of azurophilic granules
      containing membraneous lamellae. In most granules the lamellae were seen only
      after high-angle specimen tilting. In small but more mature ABs, the periodic
      tubular structure also was visualized best by specimen tilting. An intermediate
      granule having both lamellae and tubules is described and discussed in relation
      to the fusion of azurophilic granules to form ABs. The early diagnosis of APL, in
      the absence of ABs and intravascular coagulation, is assisted by specimen tilting
      to resolve the lamellae in the azurophilic granules.

PMID- 6581718
TI  - Epithelioid granulomas of the bone marrow in non-Hodgkin's lymphoproliferative
      malignancies.
AB  - Ten cases of epithelioid granulomas in the bone marrow of patients with various
      non-Hodgkin's lymphoproliferative malignancies have been encountered. These
      included six with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (three histiocytic and three poorly
      differentiated lymphocytic types), three with multiple myeloma, and one with
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The bone marrow was not involved by the primary
      disease in two of the six patients with lymphoma, whereas three with lymphoma
      showed both granulomatous and lymphomatous lesions in the same marrow specimens,
      and in one, these lesions were seen in the marrow at different times. The three
      myeloma patients showed evidence of both myeloma and granulomas in their marrow.
      In the case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the bone marrow showed only
      granulomas, the leukemic process being in complete remission. Although small
      numbers of similar cases have been reported before, the authors were unable to
      find a previous report of acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with bone
      marrow granulomas. Although the pathogenesis and the clinical significance of the
      granulomatous lesion of the bone marrow in non-Hodgkin's lymphoproliferative
      malignancies are unknown, this lesion should be differentiated from infectious or
      lipid granulomas as well as from involvement by the primary disease.

PMID- 6581719
TI  - Extemporaneous preparation of a dinoprostone gel for cervical ripening.

PMID- 6581720
TI  - Dysmyelopoietic syndrome. Current concepts.

PMID- 6581722
TI  - Eating disorders. The secret pattern of binge/purge.

PMID- 6581721
TI  - The inheritance of immunoglobulin E: genetic linkage analysis.
AB  - Linkage analyses between 21 genetic markers including HLA-A, B, and the
      postulated locus for determining total serum IgE levels were done to try to
      clarify the inheritance of total IgE levels and to map the locus. A total of 316
      individuals from five Mormon kindreds were studied, and data from an additional
      204 Amish individuals from 11 families were analyzed for possible HLA linkage.
      Segregation analyses of both data sets did not give clear definition of the mode
      of inheritance of total IgE levels, but purely environmental models were
      rejected. Linkage analyses gave significant evidence against HLA linkage with the
      codominant, recessive, or dominant model of inheritance for total IgE levels. No
      significant evidence for linkage with any of the genetic markers was obtained.
      Since total serum IgE levels are correlated with allergies, understanding the
      genetics of total IgE levels is important to understanding the genetics of
      allergic disease in man.

PMID- 6581723
TI  - Treatment of Class II deep bite by orthodontic and surgical means.
AB  - Conventional orthodontic correction of the Class II deep-bite deformity with a
      decreased lower anterior facial height tendency can be mechanically difficult,
      inefficient and, in many instances, impossible. Orthodontic treatment alone of
      either adults or adolescents with such deformities frequently can neither
      increase lower anterior facial height sufficiently to achieve ideal facial
      proportions nor achieve long-term occlusal stability. Despite the need for
      surgical intervention to achieve satisfactory occlusal and esthetic results, many
      patients with such deformities are still being treated in clinical practice by
      traditional orthodontic procedures, with less than ideal esthetic and/or occlusal
      results. The challenge to achieve efficient and stable treatment of this
      deformity has been met by the use of various surgical techniques in combination
      with orthodontic treatment. This combined surgical-orthodontic approach can
      provide increased treatment efficiency, long-term stability, and optimal esthetic
      results. The proper sequencing and correct selection of orthodontic
      mechanotherapy are essential to ensure the desired results. This article purposes
      to detail basic problems involved in diagnosis and treatment planning for the
      combined surgical-orthodontic approach to patients exhibiting Class II deep bite
      and decreased lower facial height. Orthodontic and surgical treatment objectives
      are explained, and representative case reports are presented and discussed to
      illustrate this method of treatment. Extraction patterns, control of the
      transverse dimension, arch wire selection, auxiliary wires, elastics, and
      extraoral appliance use are described. Surgically, the dentofacial disharmony
      associated with this deformity may defy treatment by surgical advancement of the
      mandible only. Genioplasty, Le Fort I osteotomy, symphyseal osteotomy, anterior
      or total mandibular subapical osteotomy, body osteotomy, submental lipectomy, and
      rhinoplasty are adjunctive procedures that are described and may be used in
      concert with mandibular advancement surgery.

PMID- 6581724
TI  - Investigation of chewing patterns in deep-bite malocclusions before and after
      orthodontic treatment.
AB  - A knowledge of chewing provides a better understanding of normal jaw movement and
      can help form a basis for assessing the effects of malocclusion on jaw function.
      This study was conducted to describe the effects of deep-bite malocclusion on
      masticatory function and to determine what changes may occur with orthodontic
      correction. Five subjects, each exhibiting deep overbite in the early permanent
      or adult dentition, were selected for this study. Two subjects had Class II,
      Division 1 malocclusions, and the other three had Class I malocclusions. By means
      of the "replicator system" jaw movements during border movements and unilateral
      chewing were recorded and analyzed by computer plots. The typical chewing pattern
      of all five subjects was characterized by midsagittal opening, wide lateral
      closing movements, tooth gliding, and a pause at the intercuspal position and
      during swallowing. Comparison of these findings with chewing data from normal
      children in previous studies indicated that the deep-bite malocclusion did not
      create a major disturbance in chewing. Some differences between the preoperative
      and postoperative condition were noted, however. Prior to treatment, three
      subjects showed a nearly vertical chewing cycle which avoided tooth contact at
      the border path. Following treatment, all subjects showed a greater coincidence
      between the closing chewing path and the lateral border movement. This indicated
      more gliding tooth contact after treatment. Following deep-bite correction, the
      border paths showed a refinement of the intercuspal position (IP) and an
      increased steepness in lateral tooth guidance near IP. The total vertical
      component of tooth guidance was reduced by treatment.

PMID- 6581725
TI  - Skeletal morphologic features of anterior open bite.
AB  - Lateral cephalograms of sixty patients with open bite and sixty untreated
      subjects who were determined clinically to have Class I normal occlusions were
      studied. The following six values were recorded: (1) ratio of posterior to
      anterior face height, (2) ratio of upper to lower face height, (3) Sn GoGn angle,
      (4) gonial angle, (5) SN-PP angle, and (6) PP-GoGn angle. Results were compared
      with previous studies. The constancy of the ratios and angles with age was tested
      and an attempt was made to separate the open-bite sample into skeletal and
      dentoalveolar groups. Results were generally consistent with those reported
      previously, except for the Sn PP angle, which was not significantly different
      from the normal group. In the open-bite sample the study showed a decrease in the
      ratio of PFH/AFH, a decrease in the ratio of UFH/LFH, and an increase in the
      other angles measured. Upon further division of the sample into mixed- and
      permanent-dentition groups, it was found that the angles and ratios remained
      relatively constant with age. An attempt to divide the open-bite sample into
      skeletal and dentoalveolar groups resulted in more extreme values for all the
      measurements made. The difficulty in differentiating between the two groups and
      the variability of dentoskeletal patterns in open bite is discussed.

PMID- 6581726
TI  - Effect of oral screen treatment on dentition, lip morphology, and function in
      children with incompetent lips.
AB  - The effect of treatment with an oral screen was studied in sixteen children with
      incompetent lips who were compared with a control group of sixteen children who
      also had incompetent lips. The period of observation was 1 year. The treatment
      brought about retroclination of proclined maxillary incisors with a resulting
      decrease in overjet, in the diastema between the incisors, and in arch length.
      The mandibular incisors proclined somewhat. No change in general intermaxillary
      relation or in arch width was observed with the treatment. Neither lip morphology
      nor the electromyographically recorded function of the lips was affected by the
      treatment. The maximum force that the lips could exert to resist an external
      force was increased substantially by the treatment. Whether this is of value for
      the stability of the orthodontic treatment result is not known.

PMID- 6581727
TI  - Dentofacial adaptations in adult patients following functional regulator therapy.
AB  - The purpose of this article is to describe three cases in which young adult
      patients were treated with the functional regulator of Frankel. Each patient had
      a Class II malocclusion with a degree of mandibular skeletal and dental
      retrusion. Each patient wore a functional regulator (FR-2), and treatment times
      varied from a minimum of 1 year to a maximum of 3 1/2 years. The length of the
      mandible did not increase significantly in any of the patients. In all cases,
      however, there were increases in vertical dimension. The analysis used in this
      study indicates that only minimal skeletal and dental adaptation occurred and
      that these adaptations were insufficient to completely resolve the patients'
      malocclusions.

PMID- 6581728
TI  - Surgical exposure, orthodontic movement, and final tooth position as factors in
      periodontal breakdown of treated palatally impacted canines.
AB  - Twenty-three patients who had completed orthodontic treatment for the resolution
      of unilateral palatal canine impactions were examined 2.3 years (mean) after all
      appliances were discarded. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis
      of whether the surgical exposure was "light" or "heavy." The whole group was also
      divided according to the type of orthodontic movement that was carried out-
      "light" for tipping, extrusive, and rotating movements and "heavy" for root
      movements. Final position of the teeth was classified as ideal or incomplete if
      rotations or spaces were present. The results showed marked deteriorative changes
      where the surgery had been more radical and where the tooth movement involved
      active alteration of root position. No change due to abnormal tooth position was
      seen. It is suggested that, in these cases, surgical procedures be limited in
      scope and that exposure of the cementoenamel junction be avoided.

PMID- 6581729
TI  - Periodontal status following the alignment of buccally ectopic maxillary canine
      teeth.
AB  - Twenty-nine patients who had completed orthodontic treatment to resolve buccal
      displacement of maxillary canine teeth were examined 2.9 years (mean) after all
      appliances had been discarded. Thirteen of these patients had unilateral
      displacement, and sixteen were bilaterally affected. In the unilateral cases only
      the width of attached gingiva was significantly less than in the controls. In the
      bilateral cases the same observation was made, but here the gingival index and
      pocket depth also showed statistically significant increases, although the
      expression of these values was found to have doubtful clinical significance.
      Posttreatment periodontal assessment is recommended for these cases.

PMID- 6581730
TI  - Maxillary arch dimensions in Saudi and Egyptian population sample.
AB  - Observations relating to maxillary arch dimensions were obtained from 243
      randomly selected subjects. The group consisted of 146 Saudi subjects with an
      average age of 24 years and 97 Egyptian subjects with an average age of 27 years.
      The measurement distances from canine to canine (C-C), molar to molar (M-M),
      molar to canine (M-C), and molar to incisor (M-I) were based on Mack4 criteria.
      There was a highly significant difference by sex for Saudi and Egyptian samples,
      and the mean value of C-C, M-M, and M-I intercusp distances was significantly
      higher for Egyptians than for the Saudi sample. No significant difference was
      found in the M-C measurement. The results of this study demonstrate the median
      location of maxillary arch dimensions of Saudi and Egyptian groups combined as a
      sample Middle Eastern population when compared with Nigerian and British samples.
      Furthermore, this work can be used as a basis for future studies by
      anthropologists in all countries of the Middle East to define the possible
      changes that occur in the maxillary arch dimensions and the expected changes in
      the future.

PMID- 6581731
TI  - Reliability of an intraoral camera: utility for clinical dentistry and research.
AB  - Photographic images can be reliable and efficient sources of data in dentistry.
      Many variables can be investigated from single exposures. This study was
      undertaken to test the reliability of an intraoral graphic instrument--the
      Orthoscan camera. The utility of this instrument in clinical orthodontics has
      been described, but the research potential has yet to be investigated. Upper and
      lower dental arches of fifteen patients were photographed intraorally. Alginate
      impressions of the arches were taken immediately afterward. Identical intertooth
      distances were located (1) on the intraoral photographs, (2) on the photographs
      of the dental casts, and (3) on the dental casts themselves. Univariate and
      multivariate analyses were used to assess measurement error in these replicate
      measurements. The camera was found to be a highly reliable instrument. The images
      are flat and free of distortion, with a one-to-one size relationship. The camera
      is quite suitable for precise scientific investigations, and the data are
      acceptable for valid interobserver and interpopulation comparisons.

PMID- 6581732
TI  - A proposal for publication of manuscript critiques in the American Journal of
      Orthodontics.

PMID- 6581733
TI  - The "V" principle.

PMID- 6581734
TI  - Gastric and duodenal HCO3- transport in vivo: influence of prostaglandins.
AB  - Gastric and duodenal HCO3- transport was compared in the same mammalian species
      (cat) in vivo. The most appropriate technique for detecting HCO3- in the lumen of
      the stomach was measurement of pH and CO2 tension, whereas in the duodenum it was
      pH-stat titration. For experiments on gastric HCO3- transport, conscious cats
      prepared with vagally denervated fundic pouches were used; for those on duodenal
      transport anesthetized animals with in situ perfused segments were studied. When
      expressed in terms of gross surface area, basal HCO3- output was six times
      greater in the duodenum than in the stomach (approximately 1.5 cf. approximately
      0.25 mumol X cm-2 X 15 min-1). topical application of 16,16-dimethyl
      prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2) to duodenal mucosa caused a concentration-dependent
      increase in HCO3- output and transmucosal electrical potential difference (PD)
      over the range 0.01-1.0 microgram X ml-1. PGE2 was approximately 200 times less
      potent than dmPGE2 as a stimulant of duodenal HCO3- transport. Increases in the
      rate of luminal HCO3- output following application of dmPGE2 were considerably
      less in the stomach compared with the duodenum (approximately 50% cf.
      approximately 1,000% at 1 microgram X ml-1). Intravenous dmPGE2 (1 microgram X kg
      1 X h-1) had no effect on either gastric or duodenal HCO3- outputs. Indomethacin
      (5 mg X kg-1 iv) inhibited duodenal HCO3- output by approximately 50% and reduced
      PD but did not influence gastric HCO3- output. We propose that in the cat
      duodenum in vivo local prostaglandins regulate HCO3- transport, but in the cat
      stomach in vivo they have a less important role.

PMID- 6581735
TI  - PGE2 does not act at carotid sinus to raise arterial pressure in conscious sheep.
AB  - Conscious chronically instrumented adult female sheep were used to determine
      whether direct action of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on the carotid sinus
      baroreceptors contributes to the pressor response observed during infusion of
      PGE2 into the common carotid artery (CCA). During infusion of PGE2 into the CCA
      caudal to an intact carotid sinus, into the CCA caudal to a denervated carotid
      sinus, and into the external carotid artery, mean arterial pressure (MAP) rose
      17, 22, and 17 mmHg, respectively (P less than 0.01). Heart rate (HR) rose 6, 6,
      and 8 beats/min, respectively (P less than 0.05). Cardiac output (CO) was also
      measured by indicator dilution using indocyanine green. In these experiments with
      infusion of PGE2 into the external carotid artery, MAP rose 15 mmHg (P less than
      0.01), HR increased 6 beats/min (P less than 0.05), CO did not change, and total
      peripheral resistance (TPR) increased 23% (P less than 0.01). With infusion of
      PGE2 past a denervated carotid sinus, MAP rose 20 mmHg (P less than 0.01), HR
      rose 4 beats/min (P less than 0.05), CO did not change, and TPR increased 29% (P
      less than 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in MAP or HR
      responses when PGE2 was infused past an intact carotid sinus, past a denervated
      carotid sinus, or beyond the carotid sinus. There is no evidence that direct
      action of PGE2 on carotid sinus baroreceptors either augments or inhibits the
      observed pressor effect of intracarotid PGE2. Intracarotid PGE2 acts rostral to
      the carotid sinus to increase MAP, HR, and TPR in conscious sheep.

PMID- 6581736
TI  - Mania after surreptitious discontinuation of clonidine.

PMID- 6581737
TI  - Anorexia nervosa and bulimia among 300 suburban women shoppers.
AB  - Of 300 female shoppers who responded to a questionnaire on anorexia nervosa and
      bulimia, 0.7% reported a history of anorexia nervosa and 10.3% reported a history
      of bulimia. The data support the belief that these disorders may be increasing in
      prevalence.

PMID- 6581738
TI  - Progesterone-prostaglandin balance influences lymphocyte function in relation to
      pregnancy.
AB  - The effect of progesterone and prostaglandin F2 alpha on cytotoxic activity of
      lymphocytes was investigated. Thirty-three pregnant women with a clinical
      diagnosis of threatened premature labour were treated with the prostaglandin
      synthesis inhibitor acetylsalicylic acid (2.7 gm/day) for 1 week. Cytotoxic
      activity of the lymphocytes significantly decreased while their progesterone
      binding capacity increased by the end of the treatment. Ten healthy pregnant
      women received a single 15 mg dose of prostaglandin F2 alpha for pregnancy
      termination. One day after prostaglandin administration lymphocytes showed
      significantly higher cytotoxic activity and lower progesterone binding capacity
      than before. Lymphocytes of 44 healthy nonpregnant volunteers were preincubated
      with prostaglandin F2 alpha and/or progesterone. Prostaglandin F2 alpha (8 nmole)
      significantly decreased cytotoxic activity of 4 X 10(6) lymphocytes. In the
      presence of progesterone prostaglandin F2 alpha failed to stimulate lymphocytes.

PMID- 6581739
TI  - [Study on the deformation of impressions. Application of holographic
      interferometry].

PMID- 6581740
TI  - [Cariogenicity of Streptococcus intermedius ATCC 27335].

PMID- 6581741
TI  - [Distribution of oral staphylococci in wild insectivores].

PMID- 6581742
TI  - [Factor analysis regarding the psychological status of mothers who have infants
      with cleft lips and palates (mothers' concepts of their infants, immediately
      after giving birth)].

PMID- 6581743
TI  - [Longitudinal dental survey in Tonaki, a rural village of the Okinawa
      prefecture].

PMID- 6581744
TI  - [A treated case of mandibular protrusion in a young adult].

PMID- 6581745
TI  - [Periodontal disease and the width of the attached gingiva. I. The width of
      healthy attached gingiva in adults examined by the dental iodine glycerin
      method].

PMID- 6581746
TI  - [Basic study on a new X-ray apparatus for temporomandibular joint radiography].

PMID- 6581747
TI  - [Statistical study on clinical experience. 1st section of conservative
      dentistry].

PMID- 6581748
TI  - [Nasopalatine cyst: report of 2 cases].

PMID- 6581749
TI  - Estimation of ursodeoxycholic acid in human and bear biles using Clostridium
      absonum 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
AB  - Ursodeoxycholic acid was estimated in bile samples from humans and wild North
      American black bears using 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase purified from
      Clostridium absonum by Procion Red affinity chromatography. The percentage
      ursodeoxycholic acid was calculated by two methods: (a) 7 beta-hydroxyl groups
      were quantified using 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 3 alpha-hydroxyl
      groups (total bile acids) were quantified using 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase. The percentage ursodeoxycholic acid was calculated on the basis of
      [7 beta-hydroxyl groups]/[3 alpha-hydroxyl groups] X 100. (b) Bile was hydrolyzed
      with sodium hydroxide and subjected to thin-layer chromatography. Bands
      corresponding to cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid plus deoxycholic acid, and
      ursodeoxycholic acid were identified by the use of standards and Komarowsky's
      spray reagent. Total bile acids and total ursodeoxycholic acid were measured by
      elution of silica gel in unsprayed areas corresponding to the bile acid standards
      and quantification of the total bile acid in each eluate. Direct comparison of
      these methods validated the use of 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the
      estimation of ursodeoxycholic acid in the biles of black bears and of patients
      fed ursodeoxycholic acid for cholesterol gallstone dissolution. Relative
      percentages of ursodeoxycholic acid were 8-24% in four bears and 22 and 27% in
      the patients ingesting 500 and 750 mg ursodeoxycholic acid per day for 3 months,
      respectively. Predictably lower values were obtained in two control subjects and
      one patient ingesting 750 mg chenodeoxycholic acid per day for 3 months.

PMID- 6581750
TI  - [Contamination of an oxygen delivery circuit by compressed air].
AB  - Routine checking of the FIO2 of a mixture delivered by a ventilator revealed
      large discrepancies between the FIO2 assigned and that effectively delivered, the
      latter being low. Measurements of FIO2 at the wall outlets showed the O2 delivery
      pipeline to be contaminated by compressed air. By disconnecting all the
      ventilators supplied by this pipeline one after the other, one ventilator, or
      rather its blender, was found responsible.

PMID- 6581751
TI  - [Daunomycin and atrial fibrillation].

PMID- 6581752
TI  - [Advances in the treatment of childhood leukemias. Current problems].

PMID- 6581753
TI  - [Treatment of extramedullary localizations in acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6581754
TI  - [Long-term toxicity of anti-leukemia therapy].

PMID- 6581755
TI  - Imipenem versus moxalactam in the treatment of serious infections.
AB  - Imipenem (formerly imipemide, N-formimidoyl thienamycin, or MK0787) was compared
      to moxalactam in a randomized therapeutic trial involving 39 evaluable patients
      with serious bacterial infections. Of those treated with imipenem, 89% were cured
      or improved versus 60% for moxalactam (P = 0.06). Although mucocutaneous fungal
      infections occurred in both groups (25 and 10%, respectively), Streptococcus
      faecalis superinfection was seen in two patients in the moxalactam group only.
      Adverse drug reactions occurred with both drugs, although bleeding occurred in
      three patients treated with moxalactam.

PMID- 6581756
TI  - Seasonal affective disorder. A description of the syndrome and preliminary
      findings with light therapy.
AB  - Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a syndrome characterized by recurrent
      depressions that occur annually at the same time each year. We describe 29
      patients with SAD; most of them had a bipolar affective disorder, especially
      bipolar II, and their depressions were generally characterized by hypersomnia,
      overeating, and carbohydrate craving and seemed to respond to changes in climate
      and latitude. Sleep recordings in nine depressed patients confirmed the presence
      of hypersomnia and showed increased sleep latency and reduced slow-wave (delta)
      sleep. Preliminary studies in 11 patients suggest that extending the photoperiod
      with bright artificial light has an antidepressant effect.

PMID- 6581757
TI  - Radiation induced osteosarcoma of the sacrum following radiation of an
      undiagnosed bone lesion.
AB  - Years ago a 20-year-old patient presented with low back pain. Radiologically a
      cystic lesion of the sacrum was found and interpreted as malignant tumor. Without
      biopsy and histological diagnosis the patient was given radiation therapy with 21
      000 rad. One year later a similar lesion was radiated in the left femoral neck. A
      pathological fracture ensued recessitating several operations. Twenty years after
      initial radiation therapy the patient developed a rapidly growing tumor of the
      sacrum, metastasizing to the lungs. One year later he died.

PMID- 6581758
TI  - In-vitro biosynthesis of sulphatoglycosphingolipids by rat submandibular salivary
      glands.
AB  - A sulphotransferase activity, concentrated mainly in the microsomal fraction,
      which catalyses the transfer of sulphate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'
      phosphosulphate to galactosylceramide and lactosylceramide was demonstrated in
      rat submandibular and sublingual glands. However, the sulphotransferase activity
      of this fraction in submandibular glands was about ten times higher than in
      sublingual glands. Optimum enzyme activity was obtained using the detergent
      Triton X-100, F-, and Mg2+ at a pH of 6.8. The enzyme did not catalyse the
      transfer of sulphate to glucosylceramide, trihexosylceramide and triglucosyl
      glyceroglucolipid. The sulphotransferase exhibited similar affinity for both
      galactosyl- and lactosylceramide. The apparent Km of the enzyme for
      galactosylceramide was 3.8 X 10(-5) M, and for lactosylceramide, 4.3 X 10(-5) M.
      The results of compositional analysis and periodate-oxidation studies of the 35S
      labelled products of the enzyme reactions established that in both [35S]
      sulphatoglycosphingolipids the sulphate-ester group is located at C-3 of the
      galactose residue.

PMID- 6581759
TI  - Electron-microscopic affiliations of oxytalan fibres, nerves and the
      microvascular bed in the mouse periodontal ligament.
AB  - Throughout the ligament, oxytalan fibres were contiguous to myelinated nerves,
      unmyelinated exposed axons and free nerve endings. In the cervical and apical
      regions, accumulations of vessel-related simple and complex mechanoreceptor units
      were associated with collagen fibrils and fibres of the oxytalan system. The
      various receptors and nerve endings penetrated to the abluminal surface of the
      endothelial wall in the different categories of vessels constituting the
      microvascular bed. Periodontal receptors with oxytalan fibres were also present
      in the septal wall of dividing vessels and related to endothelial protrusions
      into the lumen of microvessels. Similarities existed between periodontal
      mechanoreceptors and baroreceptors. Anatomically, the oxytalan-fibre meshwork
      provided coupling between the various mechanoreceptor units in the microvascular
      bed. This periodontal model has morphological characteristics which support the
      hypothesis that the oxytalan-fibre meshwork forms part of a proprioceptor system
      for the regulation of vascular flow.

PMID- 6581760
TI  - Relationship of masseter electromyographic activity to mandible position in the
      freely-moving rat.
AB  - Simultaneous records of masseter-EMG activity and position of the mandible were
      made on 4 Wistar rats eating four food types: standard food pellets (large
      pellets), 45 mg precision food pellets (small pellets), bread and pudding.
      Masseter activity was recorded with chronic bipolar silver EMG electrodes placed
      within the muscle and led subcutaneously to a pedestal on the head. The
      transducer indicating jaw position consisted of two tiny inductance coils, placed
      on the head and under the mandibular symphysis. The lower coil acted as a
      receiving aerial for the carrier signal supplied via the upper coil, so that
      distance between the coils, and thus relative jaw position, was traced on the
      oscilloscope screen. A silent period was found in the masseter-EMG bursts similar
      to that found in man, where the silent period represents tooth contact and the
      occlusal phase of chewing (time during which teeth are in the intercuspal
      position) is defined as the interval between the silent period and the
      termination of the EMG activity in the muscle. Applying this to the rat data,
      opening represented 70-75 per cent of the total cycle while the combined closing
      and occlusion phases comprized 25-30 per cent when either type of pellet was
      eaten. With bread, closing and occlusal phases represented 56 per cent of the
      total cycle. For all three food types, muscular force, as indicated by the jaw
      closing movement registered by the transducer, continued beyond the masseter EMG.
      Irregular jaw movements seen when the animals lapped pudding were not correlated
      directly with masseter activity.

PMID- 6581761
TI  - Factors influencing the excitatory-masseteric reflex evoked by gingival
      electrical stimulation in man.
AB  - An excitatory-masseteric reflex response was evoked by electrical gingival
      stimulation in five subjects; the reflex had an onset latency of 7.6 ms with a SD
      of 0.7 ms. The response occurred just prior to the silent or inhibitory period.
      There was consistent post-inhibitory synchronization of the EMG activity record
      in all subjects. Several methods were used to demonstrate this short-latency
      reflex. The first was to average non-rectified EMG activity. The second was to
      increase the number of receptors which are simultaneously activated by using
      multiple electrodes so that a greater area of gingiva could be stimulated. A
      third was to increase the level of excitability of the motoneurons in the
      masseteric pool by increasing voluntary bite force. Fourthly, the excitatory
      reflex was evoked during increased-excitatory drive to the pool, with the
      additional feature that the reflex appeared at a time when no ongoing EMG
      activity was present in the masseter muscle. Little doubt should now remain
      concerning the existence of a short latency excitatory reflex from intra-oral
      receptors to masseteric motoneurons in man.

PMID- 6581762
TI  - Reflex sensitivity of human jaw-closing muscles during the silent period
      following a jaw jerk.
AB  - Two successive force impulses were exerted upon the mandible in the opening
      direction with intervals of 20 to 120 ms. Electromyographic responses were
      recorded from the right temporal and masseter muscles and from the anterior belly
      of the right digastric muscle. Mandibular movement was recorded in the sagittal
      plane. The first-force impulse evoked a jaw jerk followed by a silent period. The
      jaw jerk following the second-force impulse was depressed when the interval
      between the force impulses was shorter than a certain value. The depression was
      total for at least 20 ms after the first jaw jerk. It is suggested that the
      silent period is the result of more than one inhibitory mechanism. From
      comparison of the resulting mandibular movement with movements resulting from
      single-force impulses, it is concluded that the jaw jerk may contribute to a
      small but significant extent to the stiffness of jaw-closing muscles.

PMID- 6581763
TI  - Relative effectiveness of various yeasts, Candida spp. and Torulopsis glabrata,
      for inducing palatal infection in the Wistar rat.
AB  - Candida albicans serotypes A and B, Candida tropicalis and Torulopsis glabrata
      were tested for their ability to produce palatal candidosis in the rat. C.
      albicans serotype A consistently produced palatal candidosis whereas serotype B
      did so in only two of five animals tested, indicating a difference in
      pathogenicity of the two serotypes. C. tropicalis and T. glabrata did not induce
      changes under the conditions tested and their colonization of palatal mucosa in
      commensal form was dependent on the presence of an acrylic plate.

PMID- 6581764
TI  - Dental microwear in adult and still-born guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).
AB  - Scanning electron microscope analyses of dental microwear showed that (1)
      microscopic striations are not caused by tooth-tooth contact, and (2) the model
      of striation formation used by Ryan (1979a, J. dent. Res. 58, 525-530; 1979b, Am.
      J. phys. Anthrop. 50, 155-168) to make directional interpretations of jaw
      movement is incorrect.

PMID- 6581765
TI  - High-performance liquid chromatography of alpha-keto acids in human saliva.
AB  - alpha-Keto acids in human mixed saliva collected without stimulation were
      analysed by reversed-phase ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography
      (HPLC). Several alpha-keto acids were found in saliva and their concentrations
      were: alpha-ketoglutaric acid (KGA), 221 +/- 142; pyruvic acid (PA), 7490 +/-
      5600; alpha-ketoisovaleric acid (KIVA), 61 +/- 23; alpha-ketoisocaproic acid
      (KICA), 137 +/- 79; alpha-keto-beta-methylvaleric acid (KMVA), 41 +/- 19 nmol/dl
      (mean +/- SD, n = 40). Their levels proved to be lower than those in plasma,
      except that of PA. Their concentrations in saliva showed individual variation
      compared with those in blood.

PMID- 6581766
TI  - Changes in the protein components of rat incisor enamel during tooth development.
AB  - Enamel-matrix components from rat incisor enamel were extracted from tissue at
      different stages of development on single teeth. Separations of proteins using
      urea and SDS acrylamide gel electrophoresis were compared. The bulk of the matrix
      exhibited SDS mol. wt of 25-30,000 with smaller amounts at approximately 18,000
      and about 10-12,000. Trace amounts of material at -50,000 and 70,000 were
      detected. These were presumably associated with the mineral phase as their yield
      increased after demineralization. The proportion of small molecular weight
      components increased with tissue age. Using urea, many more proteins were
      separated (up to 20) into fast, intermediate and slowly-migrating components.
      Disappearance of small bands of intermediate mobility at the end of matrix
      secretion suggested that they were early ameloblast products which were rapidly
      degraded after secretion. Both slowly- and rapidly-migrating components increased
      with tissue age indicating progressive degradation of parent molecules of
      intermediate mobility into highly charged and relatively uncharged molecules.

PMID- 6581768
TI  - Effects of pharmacologic reductions in salivary flow on taste thresholds in man.
AB  - The effects of short-term salivary flow reductions on human taste thresholds were
      measured. Recognition and detection thresholds were obtained from 65 subjects
      during periods of both normal and reduced salivary flow. Decreased salivary flow
      was achieved by oral administration of either Elavil, Benadryl or atropine.
      Thresholds were measured for NaCl, citric acid, quinine sulphate and sucrose with
      a traditional series of aqueous solutions as well as with a series of dry taste
      stimuli using a filter-paper base. Whole mouth resting flow and stimulated
      salivary flow were measured before and after taste testing. The pharmacologic
      agents produced depressions in salivary flow ranging between 30 and 75 per cent
      of normal levels. The large decreases in flow produced no measurable changes in
      taste thresholds with the exception that an increased sensitivity to aqueous and
      dry citric acid stimuli consistently was observed following atropine
      administration. Changes in salivary bicarbonate levels, produced by atropine, may
      have mediated the observed shifts in oral sensitivity to citric acid.

PMID- 6581767
TI  - Permeability of the rat oral mucosa to organic solutes measured in vivo.
AB  - The permeability of the oral mucosa to organic solutes of different molecular
      volumes, oil-to-water distribution coefficients, and pKa was studied in an in
      vivo system. The calculated permeability coefficients were independent of time of
      application and the concentration of the solutes, a finding consistent with
      transport by simple diffusion. The permeability of organic acids was pH dependent
      whereas permeability to compounds with a degree of ionization that did not change
      over the pH range was not affected by pH. Increasing the chain length from two to
      eight carbons in an organic acid series resulted in an increase of both the oil
      to-water distribution coefficient and the permeability coefficient; the
      permeability coefficient was decreased by the addition of oxygen in the form of
      hydroxyl groups. These results indicate that there is similarity in the way that
      lipid-soluble substances diffuse across oral mucosa and other lipid membranes.
      Results using compounds with oil-to-water distribution coefficients less than
      that of water suggest that these compounds traverse the oral mucosa by two
      additional routes. One, for compounds with molar volumes less than 80 cm3/ml, is
      via pores; whereas, the second, utilized by larger compounds, is probably by an
      intercellular route.

PMID- 6581769
TI  - Ca2+- and Mg2+-activated ATP hydrolysis in normal and carious human dentine.
AB  - Ca2+- and Mg2+-activated ATP hydrolysis was measured in various layers of hard
      and soft carious dentine of freeze-dried teeth. Developing, intact, fully-formed,
      carious and gangrenous teeth were studied. Ten milligramme samples of dentine
      were analysed for enzyme activity by applying a bioluminescence method for
      measurement of ATP. The highest ATP-hydrolysis in hard dentine was observed in
      the coronal circumpulpal areas of developing teeth (14.2 mumol/min X mg protein X
      10(-5]. In fully-formed teeth, the corresponding values were lower (6.62
      mumol/min X mg protein X 10(-5]. Ca2+-activated ATP hydrolysis gave higher values
      than Mg2+-activated ATP hydrolysis. In coronal circumpulpal areas, enzyme
      activity was higher than in apical circumpulpal areas. The highest rate of
      hydrolysis in soft carious dentine was 4.96 mumol/min X mg protein X 10(-5).

PMID- 6581770
TI  - Secretory responses to autonomic stimulation of rat salivary glands following
      reserpine treatment.
AB  - The response to stimulation of the parasympathetic innervation to parotid or
      submandibular glands of reserpinized rats was altered from that of untreated
      rats. Thus, acute reserpinization, like other types of sympathectomy, resulted in
      increase in volume of parasympathetically-evoked parotid or submandibular saliva
      when comparison was made with evoked saliva from untreated glands. As
      norepinephrine is depleted by reserpine, there was no response to stimulation of
      sympathetic nerves to these reserpinized glands. Adrenergic receptors were
      normally activated by administration of autonomic agonists. Thus a single high
      dose of reserpine can cause the same effects as those induced by chronic
      administration of low doses of reserpine, i.e. a 3-fold increase in calcium (Ca)
      concentration of submandibular gland but no change in Ca concentration of parotid
      gland. Although sympathetic stimulation caused no change in Ca concentration of
      submandibular or parotid glands of reserpine (acute)-treated rats, stimulation
      with isoproterenol (25 mg/kg, i.p., 60 min) produced a 32-35 per cent decrease in
      glandular Ca concentration from that of unstimulated reserpinized glands. Glands
      of untreated rats showed a 52 per cent depletion after 60 min of isoproterenol
      stimulation; however, Ca output in parotid saliva from reserpinized rat for 60
      min of stimulation was not changed from that of untreated rats, but that of
      submandibular saliva was two times greater. Ca concentration of submandibular
      saliva was unchanged during 60 min-stimulation of reserpine-treated rats, but
      that of untreated rats decreased.

PMID- 6581771
TI  - The influence of clenching level on the post-stimulus EMG complex, including
      silent periods, of the masseter muscles in man.
AB  - Standardized mechanical taps were delivered on an upper central incisor, while
      the nine subjects investigated maintained constant clenching levels of 5, 10, 20,
      40 and 60 per cent of their maximal EMG outputs. Using statistical criteria, a
      computer program enabled an objective determination of the interaction between
      the clenching level and the sequence of upward and downward going waves following
      the stimulus in full-wave rectified and superimposed EMG, called a post-stimulus
      EMG complex (PSEC). The morphology of the PSEC, including one or two silent
      periods, was subject-specific and reproducible over one year. The surfaces of the
      waves were greatly influenced by the clenching level. In general, their total
      surface decreased as a function of the clenching level. However, the individual
      waves decreased selectively. The results suggest that the sequence of waves
      results from overlapping of inhibitory and excitatory inputs. The inhibitory
      waves, constituting the silent periods, are largely cancelled by the excitatory
      reflexes of the PSEC.

PMID- 6581772
TI  - The effect on dentine permeability of time following cavity preparation in dogs.
AB  - Cavities were prepared into the dentine of mandibular first molars of
      anaesthetized dogs. Conical plastic chambers were cemented into the cavities to
      permit quantitation of dentine permeability using a fluid-filtration technique.
      There was a progressive fall in dentine permeability every hour for the 6 h of
      study, to about 20 per cent of zero time values. The fall in dentine permeability
      could be delayed but not prevented, by filtering fluid across the dentine into
      the pulp. Similar experiments on teeth from which the pulps had been removed
      showed no change or a slight increase in permeability with time. No change in
      dentine permeability was seen in dogs killed after the zero time measurement and
      followed for an extra 6 h. This decrease of dentine permeability in response to
      cavity preparations only occurs in teeth with intact pulps.

PMID- 6581773
TI  - A modified segregator for collection of human submandibular and sublingual
      saliva.
AB  - A saliva collection device is described that can be used in the presence of
      anatomical variations such as tilted teeth and lingual tori. The integrity of the
      seal can be tested by monitoring pH and flow rates and also by noting the
      viscosity of the secretions collected.

PMID- 6581774
TI  - Phasic and rhythmic responses of the oral musculature to mechanical stimulation
      of the rat palate.
AB  - Activity of the anterior and posterior digastric muscles, the intrinsic tongue
      muscles and the masseter muscles was recorded electromyographically. Muscle
      activity patterns depended on the site of stimulation, the strength of the
      stimulus and its duration. Five types of reflex patterns were distinguished: type
      A: on-response in the digastric muscles (latency about 7 ms) and in the intrinsic
      tongue muscles (latency about 15 ms); type B: on-off response in the digastric
      and intrinsic tongue muscles; type C: on-response followed by long-lasting low
      level activity in the digastric and intrinsic tongue muscles; type D: on-off
      response and long-lasting low-level activity in the digastric and tongue muscles;
      type E: rhythmic activity in all muscles under investigation preceded by one of
      the other reflex types. In the type-E response, the frequency of the bursts was
      about 4.3 Hz; the masseter bursts were not in phase with those of the digastric
      muscles; the intrinsic tongue muscles showed constant activity with superimposed
      rhythmic bursts. By increasing the stimulus strength or the stimulus duration,
      there was a gradual shift from simple, phasic, reflex responses to more complex
      reflex patterns. This holds for all palatal sites. However, rhythmic activity was
      most easily elicited in the region of the incisive papilla, less easily in the
      antemolar region; no rhythmic activity was found in the intermolar region. Thus
      stimulus duration is a crucial factor in eliciting rhythmic oral activity in the
      rat.

PMID- 6581775
TI  - Gingiva as a site for xenobiotic metabolism in rats.
AB  - NADPH-dependent N-demethylation of aminopyrine and tripelennamine and
      hydroxylation of aniline, phenytoin and tripelennamine occurred in rat gingival
      homogenates. The metabolic profile in gingiva appeared to be similar to that in
      liver, the major organ in the body for the metabolism of these xenobiotics.

PMID- 6581777
TI  - Characteristics of toothbrushes.

PMID- 6581776
TI  - Alteration in prostacyclin and prostaglandin E2 production. Correlation with
      changes in human aortic atherosclerotic disease.
AB  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was investigated in
      human aortas (five controls and 27 with atherosclerotic lesions). The specific
      activities of PGI2 and PGE2 synthetase were studied using radioimmunoassays of
      PGE2 and 6-keto-PGE1 alpha of aortic microsomes incubated in the presence of
      additional substrate and cofactors. The atherosclerotic lesions were examined
      under the light microscope and were classified as Stage 1 when the disease was
      restricted to the intima and as Stages 2 and 3 when there were moderate or
      advanced lesions. Prostaglandin production for the control group (n = 5), Stage 1
      (n = 7), Stage 2 (n = 10), and Stage 3 (n = 10) were as follows: 454 +/- 15, 162
      +/- 81, 92 +/- 90, and 65 +/- 61 pmol 6-K-PGF1 alpha/50 mg protein/10 minutes;
      and 15 +/- 12, 399 +/- 406, 227 +/- 174, and 366 +/- 362 pmol PGE2/50 mg
      protein/10 minutes (mean +/- SD) respectively. We conclude that: 1) In normal
      aortas, PGE2 production was low, while PGI2 synthesis activity was elevated. The
      reverse situation was observed in aortas with atherosclerosis lesions (p less
      than 0.05). 2) There was an inverse relationship between PGE2 and PGI1 production
      (p less than 0.05). 3) There was a direct histologic relationship between lower
      PGI2 production and atherosclerosis progression. A decided decline in 6-K-PGF1
      alpha production was detected in aortas in the early stages (65% of control
      values). 4) By contrast, a progressive increase in PGE2 production was found in
      Stage 2 and Stage 3 groups (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6581778
TI  - An aid for sharpening periodontal instruments.

PMID- 6581779
TI  - Some physicochemical phenomena affecting demineralization and remineralization: a
      review.

PMID- 6581780
TI  - Epidemiological aspects of oro-facial clefts in western Australia.

PMID- 6581781
TI  - Luting of vented and etched crowns.

PMID- 6581782
TI  - The effect of school dental care on caries, oral hygiene, gingivitis, and
      calculus in western Australian children.

PMID- 6581783
TI  - A photocured composite resin with an apparent infinite depth of cure.

PMID- 6581784
TI  - Hepatitis B vaccine.

PMID- 6581786
TI  - Occlusal splints.

PMID- 6581785
TI  - Day-stay oral surgery.

PMID- 6581787
TI  - Anesthesia in the dental surgery.

PMID- 6581788
TI  - Terminology.

PMID- 6581789
TI  - Predictors of initial and final work capacity in a chronic obstructive airways
      disease rehabilitation program.
AB  - A study was conducted to determine the predictors of initial and final work
      capacity in men with chronic obstructive airways disease attending an outpatient
      rehabilitation program in a veterans' hospital. Baseline psychological,
      ergometric and respiratory physiological data were collected on a sample of 27
      patients and ergometric and physiological data were collected again after eight
      weeks. The study demonstrated that respiratory impairment as measured by vital
      capacity was predictive of initial work capacity and that knowledge of the
      patients' psychological state added little to this prediction. In addition, it
      demonstrated that work capacity could be improved considerably by such a
      rehabilitation program despite a lack of improvement in respiratory parameters.
      Such improvement in work capacity as did occur was greatest for those who were
      less affectively disturbed, had a more positive general psychological state, were
      less preoccupied with their symptoms and saw their problems as being more under
      their control.

PMID- 6581790
TI  - The racially different psychiatrist--implications for psychotherapy.
AB  - The race of the therapist can play a significant role in the manifestation of
      transference and counter-transference phenomena in inter-racial psychotherapy.
      References to the race of therapist may be the first sign of a developing
      transference relationship. Failure to appreciate the impact of racial difference
      can impede therapeutic progress while sensitive confrontation may be a valuable
      tool in the recognition and communication of emotionally charged feelings in
      therapy. Dream material is influenced by the race of the therapist who may be
      less easy to disguise in dreams, and the therapist may avoid certain dream
      interpretations because of unacknowledged discomfort about race. These
      observations have implications for the supervisory process in training and for
      the general issue of the influence of the person of the therapist on the process
      of psychotherapy.

PMID- 6581791
TI  - Psychiatric impairment, physical health and work values among unemployed and
      apprenticed young men.
AB  - A cross-sectional study was carried out to compare psychiatric impairment in
      young unemployed men and apprentices from Sydney's western suburbs. The
      unemployed men were found to have a psychiatric case rate (as defined by the GHQ)
      of 48% as against a rate of 28% for the apprentices. Comparisons of the
      unemployed men and apprentices on other measures indicated that they did not
      differ in physical health nor in the value they attached to work. The unemployed,
      however, were older on average, less well educated and had experienced a poorer
      quality of parental upbringing than the apprentices. A log-linear analysis
      revealed that the adverse effects of unemployment on mental health were not
      attributable to poor quality of upbringing.

PMID- 6581792
TI  - The utility of a multivariate normal model for studying familial patterns in
      medical and psychiatric data.
AB  - Quantitative traits (such as blood pressure, height or anxiety level) are usually
      more similar in related than in unrelated individuals. A positive correlation
      between two family members indicates that there are common factors (genetic
      and/or environmental) which predispose to the trait values in this pair of
      individuals. A negative correlation can indicate that there is (environmental)
      competition or some other cause for negative interaction between the pair of
      relatives. Using a flexible method for the analysis of quantitative data measured
      over pedigrees, it is possible to estimate the magnitude of the correlations
      between family members as a function of both their genetic relationship and their
      cohabitation history. This computer-based method can distinguish the effects of
      shared genes from some of the effects of shared family environment, and can
      identify negative interactions between family members which are likely to be of
      particular interest in studies of behavioural and psychiatric traits. The utility
      of this method is illustrated with pedigree data on blood lead levels, blood
      pressure levels and psychological traits.

PMID- 6581793
TI  - Effects of the introduction of the dexamethasone suppression test on diagnosis
      and treatment of depression by psychiatrists.
AB  - A review of case notes before and after the introduction of the DST into clinical
      psychiatric practice revealed considerable changes in diagnosis and management.
      Specifically there were increases in the diagnosis of biological depression and
      treatment with somatic antidepressant therapy. There was no association between
      DST results and particular management plans. There was a strong association
      between requesting the DST and management with antidepressants. It is suggested
      that the introduction of laboratory tests for psychiatric disorders may firm the
      belief of psychiatrists in the biological basis of some forms of depression and
      thus alter their diagnostic and treatment practice.

PMID- 6581794
TI  - Factor structure and norms for the Revised Behavior Problem Checklist in New
      Zealand children.
AB  - The Revised Behavior Problem Checklist (RBPC) is a recent expansion of the widely
      used Behavior Problem Checklist. This study attempted to replicate the factor
      structure of the RBPC, originally developed for U.S.A. children, and to establish
      norms for its use with New Zealand children. Two groups of children, aged five to
      13 years, were rated on the scale by their parents. One was a clinic sample and
      comprised 266 patients attending two psychiatric clinics. The second was a random
      community sample of 267 children, from four census tracts in Auckland, selected
      to cover a range of socioeconomic strata representative of New Zealand. Factor
      analysis of the clinic data resulted in a factor structure similar to that found
      in American children. Only two of the six factors (Socialised Aggression and
      Psychotic Behaviour) differed to any degree. Using ratings from the community
      sample, norms were developed for screening and diagnostic purposes.

PMID- 6581795
TI  - Depression in general practice attenders.
AB  - The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale was used to study depressive symptoms in
      251 people routinely attending their general practitioners. Lower social class
      and female sex were weak predictors of higher Zung scores. Sociodemographic
      influences on responses to particular Zung scale items are reported. Using a cut
      off score of 40, 53 subjects (21%) were found to be significantly depressed (24%
      of females and 15% of males) with the point prevalence data for males and females
      being strikingly similar to data obtained in another Sydney general practice
      study using a differing methodology. Zung scale scores of our subjects were
      compared with those of 43 neurotic depressive patients assessed at initial
      psychiatric referral. While the total Zung scores of the two groups were very
      similar, depressives in the general practice sample scored as having a less
      marked mood disturbance, were less irritable, were less likely to cry and less
      likely to report weight loss. We suggest that either these symptoms may be less
      severe in general practice 'cases' than in 'cases' of depression referred to a
      psychiatrist, or that differences reflect demographic differences of the samples.

PMID- 6581796
TI  - Psychiatric research in Australia.

PMID- 6581797
TI  - An exploration of the gap between aspiration and success in psychiatric research
      funding.

PMID- 6581798
TI  - The service provider and research.

PMID- 6581799
TI  - Case conference: personality disorder.

PMID- 6581800
TI  - Encephalitis, catatonia and schizophreniform illness.

PMID- 6581801
TI  - A Malay cultural explanation for epilepsy.
AB  - The causal explanation given by a 24-year-old Malay woman from a low
      socioeconomic class for her epilepsy is described. This case illustrates how
      cultural explanations can protect an individual from the stigma of illness. The
      Malay concept of the supernatural and the causation of illness is discussed.

PMID- 6581802
TI  - Propranolol-induced depression: mechanism and management.

PMID- 6581803
TI  - Psychiatric hospital versus community treatment.

PMID- 6581804
TI  - Editorial comments.

PMID- 6581805
TI  - Research priorities.

PMID- 6581806
TI  - Development and characteristics of an oestrogen sulphotransferase in placenta and
      uterus of the pregnant mouse. Comparison between mouse and rat.
AB  - The mouse placenta possesses a soluble oestrogen sulphotransferase activity which
      increases markedly from at least 12 days of gestation until term. At about 16
      days of gestation, a similar activity is found in the uterus. This activity also
      increases until term and disappears rapidly post partum. The uterine enzyme
      activity appears to require the presence of the foetal unit for its onset, since
      unoccupied horns, whether their endometrial stromal cells are differentiated to
      decidual cells or not, are essentially devoid of it. Uterine cytosols from non
      pregnant mice are also inactive in this respect. In late gestation, the uterine
      sulphotransferase is confined to the decidua basalis, the areas to which the
      placentas are attached. The sulphotransferase(s) of placenta and uterus has an
      absolute requirement for 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulphate, and possesses
      little activity in the absence of exogenous thiol groups. Stimulation is also
      seen in the presence of Mn2+, Mg2+ or Ca2+. Oestrone and oestradiol, and to a
      lesser degree oestriol, are substrates for the enzyme(s), whereas testosterone,
      cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone are not. Oestrone and oestradiol at higher
      concentrations (1.0-1.5 microM) completely inhibit the enzyme(s). These enzymes
      could play a role in altering tissue concentrations of active oestrogens during
      gestation in the mouse. Oestrogen sulphotransferase activity is low or absent in
      reproductive tissues of the pregnant rat.

PMID- 6581807
TI  - 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induces differentiation of human promyelocytic
      leukemia cells (HL-60) into monocyte-macrophages, but not into granulocytes.
AB  - The differentiating action of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1 alpha, 25
      (OH)2D3] in hematopoietic cells was examined in 3 tumor cell lines. 1 alpha,25
      (OH)2D3 induced common differentiation-associated properties in macrophages and
      granulocytes similarly in mouse myeloblastic leukemia cells (M1), human
      promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) and human histiocytic monoblast-like
      lymphoma cells (U937). 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 markedly induced alpha-naphthyl acetate
      esterase activity, a typical marker of monocyte-macrophages, in M1 and HL-60
      cells. In HL-60 and U937 cells, the vitamin also induced binding of the
      monoclonal antibody MAS 072, specific for monocyte-macrophages, but not of MAS
      067, specific for granulocytes. These results clearly indicate that 1 alpha,
      25(OH)2D3 induces differentiation of all cell lines examined preferentially along
      the monocyte-macrophage pathway.

PMID- 6581808
TI  - Effects on blood lipids and body weight in high risk men of a practical exercise
      program.
AB  - The effects of moderate exercise on serum total cholesterol (TC), high density
      (HDL-C), low density (LDL-C), and very low density (VLDL-C) lipoprotein
      cholesterol fractions, triglycerides (TG), body weight (BW) and skinfolds (SF)
      were studied during a 12-week period among 23 sedentary middle-aged men. The
      results show that regular exercise in men eating a fat-modified diet alters in a
      favorable direction body fat, weight and lipoprotein fractions. Weight loss with
      exercise significantly increased HDL-C (P = 0.01), although this increase in HDL
      C occurred after a latency period of at least 6 weeks and an average weight loss
      of at least 4 lbs. The amount of exercise effective in risk factor reduction is
      within the capacity of most middle-aged men.

PMID- 6581809
TI  - Effects of prostaglandin E2 on immunoglobulin synthesis.

PMID- 6581810
TI  - President's address to the General Dental Council.

PMID- 6581811
TI  - Toothbleaching hazards.

PMID- 6581812
TI  - Do dentists fill teeth unnecessarily?

PMID- 6581813
TI  - Sample of cleft palate patients.

PMID- 6581814
TI  - Eighteen years and then?

PMID- 6581815
TI  - Serial stereophotogrammetric measurements of the soft tissues of the face. A case
      of a girl with mild facial asymmetry from 3 weeks to 10 years of age.

PMID- 6581817
TI  - A simple conversion of the standard local anaesthetic syringe.

PMID- 6581816
TI  - Erythema migrans affecting the palate.

PMID- 6581818
TI  - Safety in dental practice.

PMID- 6581819
TI  - Action on alcohol abuse.

PMID- 6581820
TI  - Alcohol and food abuse: some comparisons.

PMID- 6581821
TI  - Alcoholism and the involvement of psychiatry, commentaries on BJA editorial. A
      view from India.

PMID- 6581822
TI  - Facing the common enemy.

PMID- 6581823
TI  - A review of the problem-prevention approach to drinking problems and an
      alternative programme which makes use of natural preventive resources within the
      community.

PMID- 6581824
TI  - Effect of economic changes on Scottish drinking habits 1978-82.

PMID- 6581825
TI  - Situations related to alcoholism relapse.

PMID- 6581826
TI  - An investigation of pre-admission referral activity to three residential units
      with a related commentary on the pattern and range of services for problem
      drinkers.

PMID- 6581827
TI  - Survival methods in the evaluation of the outcome of alcoholism treatment.

PMID- 6581828
TI  - A follow-up study of adolescent glue-sniffers in Japan.

PMID- 6581829
TI  - Testicular relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: studies with an experimental
      mouse model.
AB  - Neither testis nor epididymis was found to be invaded by L1210 leukaemic cells in
      spite of widespread dissemination through other organs and tissues. The same
      applied to animals in relapse after protracted remissions induced by
      cyclophosphamide. Prior damage to the gonadal vascular endothelium by Cd++ did
      enable leukaemic cells to enter the testicular interstitium, but not the depleted
      seminiferous tubules. Injection of cells into the lymphatic sinus system of the
      testis led to rapid peritubular proliferation and systemic dissemination but the
      seminiferous tubules were not penetrated. The histological appearance resembled
      that of human ALL. The results suggest that the L1210 system, using the
      intratesticular route for inoculation can be used to examine the susceptibility
      to drugs of leukaemic cells in this environment. The potential of drugs to damage
      the vascular endothelium of the gonad and perhaps contribute to the development
      of testicular relapse could be assessed following intramuscular inoculation of
      cells.

PMID- 6581830
TI  - Atypical eruptive histiocytosis--a marker of underlying malignancy?
AB  - An eruptive histiocytosis was the presenting feature in a patient who developed
      acute myelomonocytic leukaemia. The differential diagnosis of the skin lesions is
      discussed and in the light of a recent similar report we propose that the two
      disorders are associated.

PMID- 6581831
TI  - Inflammatory characteristics of platelet activating factor (PAF-acether) in human
      skin.
AB  - The phospholipid PAF-acether is released from a range of inflammatory cell types
      and, in experimental animals, has properties appropriate to a mediator of
      inflammation. We have studied the inflammatory characteristics of intradermally
      injected PAF-acether in human skin. An early weal and flare response was
      succeeded, in a proportion of subjects, by an area of late-onset erythema at the
      site of the resolved weal, reminiscent of the dual response to allergen in
      sensitized individuals. The time-course and dose-response relationship of the
      early response has been determined and a synergistic interaction between PAF
      acether and prostaglandin E2 established. PAF-acether should therefore be
      considered as a potential mediator of both acute and persisting inflammation in
      man.

PMID- 6581832
TI  - Prognostic significance of vacuoles in L1 lymphoblasts in childhood acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia: a report from Children's Cancer Study Group.
AB  - From February 1975 to February 1977, 880 patients with acute lymphoblastic
      leukaemia were enrolled on Children's Cancer Study Group protocol 141 designed to
      evaluate prognostic factors and more intensive therapy for patients with poor
      prognosis. 765 diagnostic bone marrow aspirates from 23 institutions were
      available for classification using the French-American-British system. 60 of 615
      patients with L1 morphology had vacuolated lymphoblasts. Patients with vacuolated
      lymphoblasts had a better disease-free survival (P = 0.14) and a significantly
      better survival (P = 0.03) but the presence of vacuoles was associated with a low
      initial WBC and an age range associated with improved prognosis for disease-free
      and over-all survival.

PMID- 6581833
TI  - The HLA-system in immune thrombocytopenic purpura: its relation to the outcome of
      therapy.
AB  - The distribution of HLA-A, -B, -C and -DR antigens was investigated in 154
      patients with immune thrombocytopenia (99 adults and 55 children). An increased
      frequency of HLA-Bw56 (a split of HLA-Bw22) was found both in the adults (RR =
      4.30) as well as in the children (RR = 7.91). Differences in HLA antigen
      distributions have also been analysed in patient subgroups with a good and a bad
      response to corticosteroids and splenectomy. The frequency of HLA-DR4 was low in
      those patients with a good response to prednisone as compared with those with a
      poor response. The opposite was found in splenectomized patients. In 22 patients
      who did not respond to splenectomy, LB4 (a local split of HLA-DR4) was completely
      absent. These results suggest that HLA-DR4 (LB4) may be a predictive marker for
      therapy in ITP patients, i.e. a bad response to corticosteroids and a favourable
      outcome of splenectomy. However, none of the differences were significant after
      correction was made for the number of antigens tested.

PMID- 6581834
TI  - The liquid barrier filter: total protection against particulate contaminants.
AB  - The design, construction, and operation of a new type of filter that eliminates
      particulate contaminants from a current of gas is described. It has a yield
      higher than that of any conventional filter or filtration system. It is believed
      that a liquid barrier filter provides the best possible protection in all cases
      where not even a small number of toxic particulates can be tolerated in an
      atmosphere.

PMID- 6581835
TI  - Vaginal prostaglandins and labour induction for patients previously delivered by
      caesarean section.
AB  - Labour was induced at term with vaginal instillation of prostaglandin E2 in 143
      patients who had been delivered by caesarean section in a previous pregnancy. The
      method was simple, safe and effective with 76% achieving a vaginal delivery, and
      even when the cervix was very unfavourable at the time of prostaglandin
      treatment, 68% achieved vaginal delivery. The procedure reduces the need for
      repeat caesarean section with its potential morbidity, without evidence of undue
      risk of lower segment scar rupture.

PMID- 6581836
TI  - Location of an essential carboxyl group along the heavy chain of cardiac and
      skeletal myosin subfragments 1.
AB  - Cardiac and skeletal myosin subfragments 1 cleaved into three fragments were
      modified by 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide metho-p-toluene
      sulfonate in the presence of the nucleophile nitrotyrosine ethyl ester. The
      effects observed (first-order kinetics of ATPase inactivation, incorporation of 1
      mol of nitrotyrosine/mol of subfragment 1) were similar to those previously
      observed for the nondigested subfragments 1 [Lacombe, G., Van Thiem, N., &
      Swynghedauw, B. (1981) Biochemistry 20, 3648-3653; Korner, M., Van Thiem, N.,
      Lacombe, G., & Swynghedauw, B. (1982) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 105, 1198
      1207]. For both native and digested subfragments 1, which were inactivated to the
      extent of about 70%, the location of the label nitrotyrosine was performed by
      immunological blotting with 125I-labeled anti-nitrotyrosine immunoglobulins. It
      was found that the modified residue was essentially located on the heavy chain
      for the native subfragments 1 and on the 50K peptide for the digested
      subfragments 1.

PMID- 6581837
TI  - Effect of the lyotropic series of anions on denaturation and renaturation of 20
      beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
AB  - The effect of the lyotropic series of anions on the stability and renaturation of
      tetrameric 20 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17,20 beta,21
      trihydroxysteroid:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.53) was investigated. The
      variations in enzymatic activity were correlated with the changes in protein
      fluorescence, circular dichroism, reactivity of histidine residues and molecular
      weight. High concentrations of salting-out anions (phosphate, citrate, sulphate)
      were found to stabilize the enzyme markedly and increase the renaturation yield
      of the urea-denatured enzyme. Phosphate, for instance, induced the highest
      stabilization at about 1.2 M and the maximum reactivation (66%) at 0.5 M. At low
      anion concentration (0.01 M), the reactivation was only 7%. The renaturation
      property of salting-out anions seems to be due to their stabilizing effect on the
      end-product, i.e., the assembled tetramer. Salting-in anions (perchlorate,
      thiocyanate, iodide) inactivated the enzyme. At moderate anion concentrations (no
      greater than 0.25 M) the activation, which occurred slowly, without tetramer
      dissociation and with minor modifications of enzyme conformation, was fully
      reversed by concentrated phosphate or by saturating concentrations of NADH. In
      contrast, the inactivation induced by high anion concentrations (1-2 M) was
      rapid, irreversible and linked to considerable modifications of enzyme
      conformation.

PMID- 6581838
TI  - [Familial Alzheimer's disease: a study of HLA markers].
AB  - We have studied HLA markers in family with 2 "Probable" and 2 "possible" cases of
      Alzheimer disease over 3 generations. Three of them (two brothers and the father)
      present A29 C-B12 DR2 haplotype. It seems that it exists an association between
      HLA system and Alzheimer disease but we cannot define the character of this
      genetic linkage; the study of many families and sporadic cases will allow to
      define it.

PMID- 6581839
TI  - Studies on pure red cell aplasia. XI. Results of immunosuppressive treatment of
      37 patients.
AB  - Thirty-seven patients with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) were seen between 1966
      and 1982. Ten patients had accompanying diseases described in association with
      PRCA, while the remainder had primary PRCA. All but two patients were treated
      with some form of immune manipulation, including corticosteroids, cytotoxic
      drugs, antithymocyte globulin, splenectomy, thymectomy, and plasmapheresis.
      Twenty-three patients (66%) had a remission induced by immunosuppression. In
      addition, there were 5 spontaneous remissions (14%). Cytotoxic drugs administered
      in combination with corticosteroids were the most effective form of treatment,
      producing 18/32 remissions (56%). Twelve of these remissions were in patients
      resistant to corticosteroids or in patients who had relapsed while taking them.
      Thirteen of the 23 patients in whom remissions were induced and one-fifth of the
      patients with spontaneous remissions have relapsed to date. However, with
      additional treatment, a second remission was induced in 10/13. Fifty-four percent
      of the patients with induced remissions remained transfusion-free during most of
      the follow-up period. Median survival in patients with primary PRCA was greater
      than 10 yr, whereas in patients with secondary PRCA, it was 4 yr. Infection was a
      major cause of morbidity and mortality. This study demonstrates the value of a
      variety of immunosuppressive treatments of patients with PRCA.

PMID- 6581840
TI  - Ph1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a 14q+ chromosome abnormality.
AB  - A 13-yr-old Japanese female with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that was
      associated with a Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) as well as a 14q+ chromosome
      abnormality is reported. The cell surface phenotype of leukemic cells was
      determined to be non-T, non-B ALL on the basis of positive Ia-like antigen,
      terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity, and lack of receptors for sheep
      erythrocytes, surface immunoglobulin, or intracytoplasmic mu-chain
      immunoglobulin. The combination of both a Ph1 and a 14q+ has not been reported
      previously in patients with ALL.

PMID- 6581841
TI  - Characterization of glucocorticoid receptors in animal lymphoblastic disease:
      correlation with response to single-agent glucocorticoid treatment.
AB  - The clinical significance of initial DEAE chromatography of glucocorticoid
      binders in lymphoblastic disease was evaluated in an animal model. Domestic cats
      and dogs with lymphoblastic disease were treated with prednisone, 2 mg/kg/day,
      for 14 days, and the outcome of therapy was correlated with DEAE chromatograms of
      glucocorticoid binders, using 3H-triamcinolone as ligand. Six of 30 animals had a
      single-peak low-salt binder species, similar to that seen in a subset of human
      leukemia, and none of these responded. Of the 29 animals with chromatograms
      identical to normal tissues, 6 had a complete response and another 11 a partial
      response. This distribution of responders is statistically significant (p =
      0.02). Thus, the leukemia-associated single-peak DEAE species appears to be
      associated with glucocorticoid resistance, as defined by clinical responsiveness.
      In contrast, the two-peak normal pattern is a necessary, but insufficient,
      criterion for defining responsive disease.

PMID- 6581842
TI  - "Masked" Ph1 chromosome abnormalities in CML: a report of two unique cases.
AB  - Two patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) showed previously undescribed
      variants of a "masked" Ph1 abnormality. The first patient had the karyotype
      46,XY, + 21, -9, -22, +mar9,mar18 at presentation in the chronic phase. The
      dicentric marker 9 was interpreted as representing the usual translocation of
      22q11 to 9q34, followed by translocation of the Ph1 chromosome (the deleted 22)
      to 9p and probable translocation of 9p to the distal long arm of the marker. The
      patient developed clones containing 2 and 3 copies of the "Ph1-containing" marker
      9 concomitant with the metamorphosis of his disease to a more aggressive phase.
      The second case presented with the karyotype 46,XY,-9,-22,+two D-group markers. A
      complex rearrangement of chromosomes 9 and 22 is postulated, with interstitial
      insertion of either 9p or distal 9q into chromosome 22q11. This patient is still
      in the chronic phase of his disease 9 mo after presentation. The common
      denominator in these unusual "masked" cases is the 22q11 breakpoint. The paucity
      of published reports of duplication of 9q + without concurrent duplication of the
      Ph1 chromosome, supported by the findings in our first case, leads us to conclude
      that the amplification of genes on the Ph1 chromosome are more important for the
      evolution of the abnormal stem cell in CML than the chromosome 9 derivative.

PMID- 6581843
TI  - [3-dimensional structure and methods of insertion of gingival fibers at the
      surface of the cementum].

PMID- 6581844
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy study of the gingivo-dental attachment at the level
      of the epithelial junction].

PMID- 6581845
TI  - An electromyographic study in patients with myofacial pain-dysfunction syndrome.

PMID- 6581846
TI  - [Study of canal instruments using a scanning microscope].

PMID- 6581847
TI  - The ultrastructure of some interodontoblastic junctions of neighbouring cellular
      walls in human dental pulp.

PMID- 6581848
TI  - [Fluoride content in the enamel after topical application of zinc, aluminum and
      fluoride].

PMID- 6581850
TI  - Expansion: the decision-making process.

PMID- 6581849
TI  - Amend your retirement plans in 1984.

PMID- 6581852
TI  - Multivariate analysis of factors associated with invasive fungal disease during
      remission induction therapy for acute myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - The clinical courses of 54 consecutive adult patients with acute myelogenous
      leukemia (AML) who underwent 67 courses of intensive remission induction therapy
      were analyzed to assess factors associated with development of serious fungal and
      bacterial infections. Fever developed in 65 of 67 remission induction attempts
      and was due to bacterial, bacterial-fungal, and fungal etiologies in 49%, 14%,
      and 9% of cases, respectively. No etiology of fever was found in 28% of cases.
      Bacteremia occurred in 54% of remission induction attempts. Invasive fungal
      disease (IFD) occurred in 22% of cases with an overall mortality of 60%,
      including 45% of the patients who died during treatment. Using multivariate
      logistic regression analysis, a mathematical model was constructed which
      correlated with the risk of IFD. Major factors associated with patients who
      ultimately develop IFD included the duration of chemotherapy, the number of sites
      colonized with fungi and the number of fungal species isolated on certain
      surveillance cultures, particularly Aspergillus species. These studies define
      characteristics of patients at high risk for development of IFD for whom early
      initiation of empiric antifungal therapy is strongly recommended.

PMID- 6581851
TI  - Uterine rupture associated with the use of vaginal prostaglandin E2
      suppositories.
AB  - The authors present an obstetrical case of silent uterine rupture due to
      prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppositories. Although this complication has been
      reported in the obstetrical literature, lack of attention to it in the
      anaesthesia literature, causes us to call this problem to the attention of
      anaesthetists.

PMID- 6581853
TI  - Radiation-induced intracranial neoplasms. A report of three possible cases.
AB  - The pathologic findings are described in three patients who developed second
      intracranial neoplasms after irradiation for central nervous system malignancy.
      The second neoplasms were an astrocytoma, an ependymoma, and multiple
      meningiomas. All were histologically different from the first neoplasms and
      appeared in the field of irradiation between 3 and 15 years later. It is
      suggested that therapeutic irradiation was a causative factor in the development
      of these tumors.

PMID- 6581854
TI  - 8;21 Translocation in acute myeloid leukemia. An ultrastructural study.
AB  - An ultrastructural study was performed in four patients with acute myeloid
      leukemia (AML) and 8;21 translocation. The most prominent pathologic features of
      the leukemic cells were: (1) a high frequency of nuclear blebs, which have been
      associated with an aneuploid karyotype; (2) nucleocytoplasmic asynchrony in early
      myeloid precursors, mature polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) and in
      megakaryocytes; (3) abnormal granule formation with the presence of Auer rods,
      giant granules (pseudoChediak-Higashy) containing small vesicles, primary
      granules, and rod-like structures; absence of secondary granules in the more
      mature myeloid cells and the presence of hypogranular forms; (4) the presence of
      "labyrinths" consisting of myeloperoxidase (MPO) negative circular tubuli,
      interwoven with MPO positive endoplasmic reticulum; (5) the lack of hiatus
      leukemicus. Although none of these features separately is pathognomonic for 8;21
      AML, we can conclude that the combination of these ultrastructural findings
      characterizes the leukemic myeloid cells of patients with 8;21 translocation in
      AML.

PMID- 6581855
TI  - Relapse of acute myelogenous leukemia presenting as acute otitis externa. A case
      report.
AB  - The association of leukemia with auditory complications is an obscure, though an
      important one, especially from the therapeutic point of view. A case is presented
      of a relapse of acute myelogenous leukemia presenting as an acute otitis externa.
      The leukemic infiltrates in the external auditory canal are demonstrated by both
      light and electron microscopy. The otologic lesions in leukemias are reviewed and
      the importance of early diagnosis is emphasized, since the aural involvement may
      precede the clinical relapse of the leukemia, as in the current case. The value
      of computerized axial tomography of the ear and of tissue biopsy for diagnosis is
      stressed. The recognition of the presence of leukemic infiltrates in the ear
      causing otologic symptoms allows for the prompt institution of appropriate
      therapy.

PMID- 6581857
TI  - A case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis complicating chronic myelogenous
      leukemia. A peculiar pathologic aspect of busulfan lung?
AB  - A 34-year-old woman with typical chronic myelogenous leukemia was treated with
      daily busulfan (total dose, 1600 mg approximately) from July 1978 to June 1981.
      In February 1981, she noticed a progressive deterioration of her clinical status,
      characterized by increasing dyspnea and productive cough. In July 1981, an open
      lung biopsy revealed pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. The patient died of
      progressive respiratory failure in August 1981. The association between chronic
      myelogenous leukemia and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is briefly reviewed. The
      report discusses the possible etiologic role of busulfan therapy in the
      development of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

PMID- 6581858
TI  - Karyotypic evolution in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
AB  - Karyotypic evolution was found in 13 of 42 (31%) patients who were examined
      serially; if only those patients who were examined during successive stages of
      active leukemia were included, karyotypic evolution was revealed in 13 of 21
      (62%). A further 6 patients showed multiple cytogenetic clones when leukemia was
      diagnosed. We did not find nonrandom chromosome involvement in the karyotypic
      changes, reported by others, notably trisomy #8. Our data for all patients who
      showed cytogenetic clones at some stage of their disease suggested that clones
      occurred with a higher incidence and arose earlier in patients with myeloblastic
      leukemia than in patients with myelomonocytic and monocytic leukemia. Patients
      showing karyotypic evolution tended to have longer than average survivals and to
      have had an abnormal karyotype when leukemia was diagnosed. The mode of
      preparation of hematologic samples, whether direct or cultured, has a bearing on
      karyotypic findings and could influence studies of karyotypic evolution.

PMID- 6581856
TI  - Genetic predisposition to breast cancer.
AB  - Breast cancer risk factors are closely intertwined with the patient's cultural
      background, which may contribute to breast cancer aggregations within families.
      The difficult questions are: (1) does a truly hereditary breast cancer subset
      exist; (2) which familial aggregations are hereditary; and (3) is the hereditary
      form distinctive from its sporadic counterpart? These queries will be resolved
      once biomarkers are identified that show high sensitivity and specificity with
      genotype. The authors provide a review of this subject and will focus on their
      recent discovery of increased in vitro hyperdiploidy in cultured skin fibroblasts
      from patients with or at risk for hereditary breast cancer. The authors discuss
      findings from their study of family histories in 225 consecutively ascertained
      patients with verified breast cancer from the Creighton University School of
      Medicine Oncology Clinic. Findings consistent with an hereditary breast cancer
      syndrome were identified in 5% of the patients. Given the 112,000 new cases of
      breast cancer in the United States in 1982, the authors estimate that with a
      confidence coefficient of 0.95 between 2410 and 8790 of these individuals will
      manifest hereditary breast cancer. Specific surveillance/management programs
      should be geared to high-risk members of these families in which cancer yield
      will be predictable.

PMID- 6581859
TI  - Translocation (2;9;22) in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

PMID- 6581860
TI  - Two cases of variant Philadelphia chromosome resulting from translocation (21;22)
      and (3;19;22).
AB  - Two further cases of variant Philadelphia chromosome are presented. The possible
      presence of a specific oncogene on the long arm of chromosome #22 is discussed.

PMID- 6581861
TI  - Loss of high-energy phosphate following hyperthermia demonstrated by in vivo 31P
      nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AB  - We have used in vivo 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study the
      changes in high-energy phosphates following hyperthermia. Immediately after
      heating, there is a fall in adenosine triphosphate and apparent intracellular pH
      and an increase in inorganic phosphate. Following sublethal heating (40 degrees
      for 15 min), these changes were partial, and they resolved over the subsequent 45
      hr. With tumors given severe hyperthermia (47 degrees for 15 min), there was
      complete disappearance of adenosine triphosphate, with no recovery by 24 hr
      posttreatment. Qualitatively similar effects were seen after heating of normal
      leg muscle. The degree of fall of the adenosine triphosphate/inorganic phosphate
      concentration ratio was directly proportional to the heat dose and to thermal
      cell kill. 31P-Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy may be useful in thermal
      dosimetry and treatment evaluation following hyperthermia.

PMID- 6581862
TI  - Feeder cell requirements for leukemia cell colony formation in cultures
      supplemented with phytohemagglutinin.
AB  - The use of phytohemagglutinin-supplemented colony cultures has offered new
      opportunities recently for studying acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell growth in
      vitro. The active stimulator cells for AML colony-forming cells have not been
      identified, although this could be important for optimal application of the
      technique and for elucidating differences in growth between normal and leukemic
      progenitor cells. In this study, feeder layers were prepared from subpopulations
      of normal peripheral blood leukocytes which were obtained by centrifugation
      through Ficoll-Isopaque, erythrocyte rosette sedimentation, and adherence
      separation. Underlayers containing lymphocytes (B, T, or B plus T) or adherent
      monocytes failed to stimulate AML colony formation. The colony stimulation
      capacity of total mononuclear cells was decreased significantly following
      depletion of T-lymphocytes. The highest AML colony numbers were obtained when
      adherent monocytes and T-lymphocytes in combination were added to
      phytohemagglutinin-containing cultures. Stimulation of AML colony formation
      depended on the quantitative interrelationship of monocytes and T-lymphocytes in
      the cultures. Thus, AML colony-forming cells, unlike normal marrow granulocyte
      monocyte colony-forming cells, do not respond to monocyte stimulation alone and
      require for their proliferation an inducing factor derived from
      phytohemagglutinin-exposed T-lymphocytes and monocytes.

PMID- 6581863
TI  - Estrone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfatase activities and plasma estrone
      sulfate levels in human breast carcinoma.
AB  - The activity of the two membrane-bound sulfatases, estrone and
      dehydroepiandrosterone sulfatases, are reported in human breast carcinoma
      tissues. In 21 tested tumors (12 from post-menopausal women and 9 from
      nonmenopausal women), the two sulfatases were consistently present. The apparent
      Km values for estrone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfatases were, respectively,
      6.8 and 14.9 microM. In terms of maximal velocity, the sulfatase activities are
      not correlated to the estrogen or progesterone receptor status of the tumors or
      to the hormonal status of the donors. It may be concluded that these two
      activities are not hormone dependent. Estrone sulfate, the substrate of estrone
      sulfatase, has been measured in plasma of postmenopausal women. The mean levels
      (nmol/liter) of plasma estrone sulfate were compared in post-menopausal women
      with (n = 51) or without (n = 39) breast cancer. For the first age group (48 to
      55 years old), no statistically significant difference in these levels was
      observed [1.91 +/- 1.06 versus 1.50 +/- 1.04 (mean +/- t0.95 (Formula: see text)
      S.E.)]. For the two other age groups (56 to 65 and 66 to 80 years of age), the
      differences were statistically significant [1.46 +/- 0.43 versus 0.77 +/- 0.21 (p
      less than 0.02) and 1.77 +/- 0.53 versus 0.81 +/- 0.22 (p less than 0.01)]. The
      usefulness of plasma estrone 3-sulfate levels as an indicator of the real
      estrogen status of postmenopausal women is discussed.

PMID- 6581864
TI  - Differential cytotoxic effect of gossypol on human melanoma, colon carcinoma, and
      other tissue culture cell lines.
AB  - Gossypol, a yellow pigment from the cotton plant (Gossypium) was found to have
      anti-tumor cell effects against several tumor cell lines grown in tissue culture.
      Most sensitive to the drug were melanoma and colon carcinoma cells. After 24 hr
      of treatment with 10 microM gossypol, over 90% of these cells were killed. A
      rough correlation existed between very rapidly growing cells and their
      sensitivity to the drug. For example, slow growing cells, such as normal
      embryonic lung fibroblasts and mammary adenocarcinoma, were least sensitive,
      requiring over 30 microM gossypol in order to kill 90% of cells after 48 hr of
      treatment. These results indicate that gossypol has differential cytotoxic
      effects against certain tumor cell types, such as melanoma and colon carcinoma,
      and suggest that it might be of potential therapeutic value. The drug appears to
      act as a metabolic poison rather than as an agent interfering with DNA synthesis
      at the concentrations used in the study. Cells sensitive to the drug contain the
      more cathodic forms of lactate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenases I to III.

PMID- 6581865
TI  - Differentiation antigens of HL-60 promyelocytes during induced maturation.
AB  - The human promyelocytic leukemic cell line HL-60 can be induced to mature
      monocytes and macrophages in vitro by lymphocyte-conditioned medium. We are
      reporting sequential changes in surface antigenic expressions, which are
      sensitive markers of the characteristic events in the process of cell
      differentiation. The promyelocyte membrane antigen, detected by a monoclonal
      antibody produced using HL-60 cells as an immunogen, was shown to be associated
      with immature myeloid cells and was used to determine HL-60 cell development. The
      expression of this membrane antigen, determined to have a molecular weight of
      85,000 was lost early in the differentiation period. In the following stage, in
      which the promyelocytes developed into monocytic cells, a steady increase of
      cells bearing the OKM1 normal monocyte antigen was observed. When macrophages
      became predominant in the final culture period, the expression of the OKM1
      antigen decreased. The usefulness of these differentiation antigens in studying
      cellular development is discussed.

PMID- 6581867
TI  - Response of non-T, non-B acute lymphocytic leukemia cells to phorbol ester.
AB  - Non-T, Non-B acute lymphocytic leukemia cells were cultured in vitro with or
      without the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a
      potential modulator of differentiation. The eight cases studied were
      representative of non-T, non-B acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) cells and
      expressed amounts of la antigens varying from 0.9 X 10(5) to 7.1 X 10(5)
      molecules/cell; these levels were measured in a cellular radioimmunoassay with
      21w4 monoclonal antibody directed at a monomorphic human la determinant. With all
      cases, TPA caused a significant increase in the level of la. Cultures with TPA
      expressed 4.3 times the amount of la found on fresh ALL cells, and a correlation
      was observed (r = 0.92) between the level of la following culture with TPA and
      that found on fresh ALL cells. A 25% increase in the modal volume of ALL cells
      was also caused by TPA. There was no detectable induction of surface or
      cytoplasmic immunoglobulin and no change in the expression of the common ALL
      antigen. Inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation and stimulation of 14C-labeled
      amino acid incorporation were observed in the presence of TPA, suggesting that
      the increase in la level occurs concurrently with an increase in protein
      synthesis induced by phorbol ester. Following culture with TPA, a substantial
      increase in the ability of the ALL cells to stimulate in a mixed-lymphocyte
      reaction was obtained. These results suggest that ALL cells, like other cell
      types, are susceptible to the effects of TPA and respond by changes in cell
      volume, surface antigen expression, and mixed-lymphocyte reaction stimulating
      capacity.

PMID- 6581866
TI  - Teniposide (VM26) disposition in children with leukemia.
AB  - The clinical pharmacokinetics of teniposide (VM-26, NSC 122819) has been studied
      in 21 children (median age, 4.7 years) with acute lymphocytic leukemia.
      Teniposide was administered at a dosage of 165 mg/sq m as a 30- to 60-min i.v.
      infusion. Patients were studied either on the first or second dosage of the drug.
      Plasma samples were assayed for teniposide and metabolites by high-performance
      liquid chromatography with electro-chemical detection. Both compartmental and
      noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analyses were performed. Systemic clearance and
      apparent volume of distribution of steady state averaged 13.82 +/- 6.0 ml/min/sq
      m (S.D.) and 7.9 +/- 4.0 liter/sq m, respectively. Univariate and multivariate
      stepwise regression analyses were used to construct mathematical models to
      describe the relationships between certain patient-specific demographic and
      laboratory values and the pharmacokinetic parameters, systemic clearance,
      elimination rate constant, and area under the concentration-time curve. A
      significant relationship between serum alkaline phosphatase and systemic
      clearance, elimination rate constant, and area under the concentration-time curve
      was found, suggesting that liver function influences the disposition of this
      anticancer drug in humans.

PMID- 6581868
TI  - Utilization of an immunostaining technique to demonstrate heterogeneity in the
      content of dihydrofolate reductase in peripheral blast cells from a patient with
      acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Cultured human KB cells which developed resistance to increasing concentrations
      of methotrexate showed increased levels of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) as
      demonstrated by an immunobridge staining technique. Peripheral blast cells from a
      leukemic patient were examined for DHFR content during several courses of
      methotrexate therapy. The number of cells which demonstrated high levels of DHFR
      increased at the end of treatment. The content in each individual cell was
      heterogeneous, based on varied intensity of staining in each cell. This
      immunostaining technique, which utilizes an antibody to DHFR, may have the
      potential to be a useful tool in the clinic for predicting a patient's possible
      response to methotrexate therapy.

PMID- 6581869
TI  - Mitoxantrone in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6581870
TI  - Cytostatic and cytolytic activities of macrophages regulation by prostaglandins.
AB  - Murine peritoneal macrophages (M phi), activated in vivo or in vitro, remarkably
      inhibited the uptake of thymidine by a lens epithelial cell line, while resident
      M phi, or M phi induced by thioglycollate, exhibited much lower or no cytostatic
      capacity. The target cells were partially protected from the cytostatic activity
      by the anti-inflammatory agents indomethacin, aspirin, and dexamethasone, but not
      by lipoxygenase inhibitors. The protective activity of indomethacin and aspirin,
      but not of dexamethasone, was completely counteracted by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).
      Yet, PGE2 alone has no effect on the uptake of [3H]thymidine by lens epithelial
      cells. PGE1 resembled PGE2 in its effect on this system, whereas PGA2, PGB2, or
      PGF2 alpha had no detectable activity. The counteracting effect of PGE2 was
      mimicked by dibutyryl cAMP or by cholera toxin, an agent which increases cAMP
      levels. These findings suggest that PGEs are not direct cytostatic agents, but
      rather, are essential mediators for the development of the cytostasis. Activated
      M phi did not lyse cells of the original lens epithelial cell line, but caused
      substantial cytolysis of cells of a subline derived from it. In contrast to its
      aforementioned effect on the cytostasis, PGE2 inhibited the cytolytic activity of
      M phi. Thus, this study provides a first demonstration in a single system of the
      opposite effects of PGEs on M phi activity on target cells, i.e., mediating the
      cytostasis and inhibiting the cytolysis.

PMID- 6581871
TI  - Sports dentistry - it's in the bag.

PMID- 6581872
TI  - Olympians will receive excellent dental care.

PMID- 6581873
TI  - PPOs: we must respond.

PMID- 6581874
TI  - A three-year study of a small particle light cured composite resin.

PMID- 6581875
TI  - [The effects of prostaglandins in colpocytology].

PMID- 6581876
TI  - Establishing assertive behavior.

PMID- 6581877
TI  - Custom mouthguards.

PMID- 6581878
TI  - Assisting in soft tissue surgery.

PMID- 6581879
TI  - What's a 52-year-old male doing in a business like this?

PMID- 6581881
TI  - Ethics/professionalism go hand-in-hand.

PMID- 6581880
TI  - Sports festival...the Olympics and dentistry.

PMID- 6581882
TI  - Marketing: is it magic?

PMID- 6581883
TI  - Simple method for preparing and quantifying very-low-density lipoprotein.
AB  - A micromethod is described for isolating and quantifying human very-low-density
      lipoprotein (VLDL) from 0.1 mL of human serum, by which more than 100 samples can
      be processed in half a day with a standard ultracentrifuge. Replicate analysis of
      10 normal and hyperlipemic samples gave median coefficients of variation of 11.7%
      for VLDL cholesterol, 5.1% for VLDL triglycerides. Results obtained by micro
      ultracentrifugation and enzymic cholesterol measurement agreed closely with those
      measured with an electrophoretic method (Pearson's r = 0.98). Compared with the
      established method, on the other hand, lower values were found for both VLDL
      cholesterol (r = 0.89) and triglycerides (r = 0.97).

PMID- 6581884
TI  - Solubility of a bone-inducing substance from a murine osteosarcoma.
AB  - A bone-inducing substance (osteogenic factor) from a murine osteosarcoma was
      found to be soluble in 1% sodium lauryl sulfate (SDS), 1% deoxycholate, 1% Triton
      X-100, and 1% Nonidet P-40. A precipitate formed on removal of the detergents by
      dialysis against phosphate buffer, and this precipitate induced ectopic bone
      formation when implanted into allogeneic mice. The insoluble residue left after
      extraction with SDS or deoxycholate did not evoke new bone formation, indicating
      that the substance was solubilized completely. The bone-inducing substance was
      also partially solubilized with weak acids (pH, 2.6-3.0) but not with acidic
      solutions of lower or higher pH. These findings indicate that the solubility of
      the substance depends on the hydrogen ion concentration of the solution. The
      substance was not solubilized with EDTA or 6 M urea.

PMID- 6581885
TI  - Glycine pools and turnover rates in leukaemia patients measured with
      [15N]glycine.
AB  - Turnover parameters for plasma glycine were measured by administration of a
      single dose of [15N]glycine to overnight fasted healthy volunteers, nine patients
      with chronic leukaemia, one patient with acute monocytic leukaemia and one
      patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia before and after chemotherapy. Gas
      chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine plasma [15N]glycine
      enrichment. Pool sizes and turnover rate constants were estimated from time-decay
      curves for isotope enrichment. Turnover rate constants and metabolic clearance
      rates of plasma glycine in leukaemia patients were elevated in comparison with
      data for healthy volunteers. The increased rates of glycine disappearance from
      the circulation were not accompanied by a depletion in glycine pool size.
      Turnover rate constants fell during chemotherapy and were within the normal range
      during remission. There was a significant positive correlation between glycine
      turnover rate constants and leucocyte counts. The increase in glycine turnover
      rate constants may be related to proliferation of the neoplastic cells.

PMID- 6581886
TI  - A passive sodium transport inhibitory factor (inhibitin) released from leukaemic
      promyelocytes in culture.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that myeloid leukaemic blast cells contain a heat
      stable factor which inhibits bidirectional sodium transport in normal
      erythrocytes. This study was undertaken to establish whether leukaemic
      promyelocytes in culture secrete this factor. Two cell-lines of leukaemic
      promyelocytes (HL-60 and JR) were grown and culture media from both reduced
      significantly the ouabain-insensitive sodium efflux rate constant, whereas
      conditioned culture medium (incubated like the cells in culture) had no
      inhibitory effect. Promyelocyte extract reduced significantly (P less than 0.01)
      the total sodium efflux rate constant from 0.393 +/- 0.030 (SD) to 0.311 +/-
      0.060, and ouabain-insensitive efflux rate constant from 0.131 +/- 0.008 to 0.079
      +/- 0.009 (P less than 0.001). The inhibitory factor was heat stable (80 degrees
      C for 30 min) and it inhibited sodium efflux through a pathway which was not
      inhibited by ouabain or frusemide. These studies suggest that leukaemic
      promyelocytes secrete the previously identified passive sodium transport
      inhibitory factor.

PMID- 6581887
TI  - Cryosurgery in osteogenic sarcoma: report of three cases.

PMID- 6581888
TI  - Anesthesia ventilators: special requirements.

PMID- 6581889
TI  - [Abnormalities of enamel structure and fluoride levels in the enamel, saliva and
      dental plaques in children exposed since birth to fluorides of industrial
      origin].

PMID- 6581890
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of Duraphat and Fluor-Protector preparations in caries
      prevention].

PMID- 6581891
TI  - [Foreign body in the orbit. Case report].

PMID- 6581892
TI  - [The use of miniature plates in the surgical treatment of maxillofacial
      deformities].

PMID- 6581893
TI  - [A case of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis caused by a retained upper wisdom
      tooth].

PMID- 6581894
TI  - [Experimental and clinical studies on low temperature in the treatment of
      trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 6581895
TI  - [A regulatory plate appliance with hinge action (our design)].

PMID- 6581896
TI  - [Difficult problems in current fluoride prevention of caries. 4. Fluoride and
      food].

PMID- 6581897
TI  - [Birth weight and the time of tooth eruption in children].

PMID- 6581898
TI  - [Effect of the simultaneous action of fluoridated water and air contaminated with
      hydrogen fluoride on growth, body mass and enamel conditions in rats during
      development].

PMID- 6581899
TI  - [Current studies on trace elements and their role in the dental caries process].

PMID- 6581900
TI  - [Bacterial flora in dental intercoronal fissures based on a literature review].

PMID- 6581902
TI  - [Pulse rate analysis of patients during treatment of carious defects].

PMID- 6581901
TI  - [Extirpation of the pulp using anesthesia and immediate filling of the root canal
      with endomethasone paste].

PMID- 6581903
TI  - [Primary mandibular tuberculosis].

PMID- 6581904
TI  - [Basic application of fixed orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6581905
TI  - [Absence of tooth germs occurring in a single family].

PMID- 6581906
TI  - [Difficult problems in current dental fluoride prevention. 5. Fluoride and the
      environment].

PMID- 6581907
TI  - [Effect of the simultaneous action of fluoridated water and air contaminated with
      hydrogen fluoride on the development of the jaw bones and tooth buds in rats].

PMID- 6581908
TI  - [Effect of 13 years of water fluoridation in Wroclaw on the status of permanent
      teeth in school children].

PMID- 6581909
TI  - [Antibacterial properties of new materials for filling root canals].

PMID- 6581910
TI  - [Results of orthodontic examinations of children from the Nowa Sol area in the
      province of Zielona Gora and the city of Warsaw].

PMID- 6581911
TI  - [The anatomy of the maxillary sinus using acrylic casts].

PMID- 6581912
TI  - [Levels of prostaglandin-like substances in the gingiva of subjects with healthy
      periodontium or in patients with inflammatory periodontal disease as determined
      by biological methods].

PMID- 6581914
TI  - [The use of Calendula officinalis in the treatment of periodontopathies].

PMID- 6581913
TI  - [The status of the oral mucosa in workers of the Konin aluminum plant].

PMID- 6581915
TI  - [Multifungin in the treatment of oral candidiasis].

PMID- 6581917
TI  - [The dental equation in the permanent teeth of 6-year-old children].

PMID- 6581916
TI  - [Effect of the simultaneous action of fluorides in air and water on the contents
      in teeth, bones and urine of rats during development].

PMID- 6581918
TI  - [Tooth extraction in the opinion of pregnant women and dentists].

PMID- 6581919
TI  - [Maxillary chondrosarcoma].

PMID- 6581920
TI  - [Results of a simplified treatment method for mesiocclusion and functional
      prognathism].

PMID- 6581921
TI  - [Measurement of dental arch circumference with a catenometer].

PMID- 6581922
TI  - [Anomalies of the maxillofacial complex in male hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism].

PMID- 6581923
TI  - [Onset of the primary dentition in children in light of clinical studies].

PMID- 6581924
TI  - [Use of the potentiometric method for determining fluoride traces in the
      assessment of the effectiveness of toothpastes containing fluorides].

PMID- 6581925
TI  - [Functional efficiency of the sense of taste in patients after the excision of
      mouth and jaw neoplasms].

PMID- 6581926
TI  - [ The Delaire mask - our design].

PMID- 6581928
TI  - [The effectiveness of agents used to clean removable acrylic dentures].

PMID- 6581927
TI  - [Effect of working conditions on the frequency and type of functional
      disturbances in workers in an industrial area].

PMID- 6581929
TI  - [Epidemiological, clinical and mycological studies of patients wearing dental
      plate prostheses].

PMID- 6581930
TI  - [Equilibration and complete dentures. A letter to the student].

PMID- 6581931
TI  - [Industrial and pharmaceutical novelties. Ukapen].

PMID- 6581932
TI  - [A not-so-common analgesic: dextropropoxyphene].

PMID- 6581933
TI  - [Guidelines for the practitioner. 1983].

PMID- 6581934
TI  - [An in vivo study of fluoride fixation from the use of dentifrices containing
      either 2 amine fluorides, or a combination of sodium fluoride and sodium
      monofluorophosphate].

PMID- 6581935
TI  - [2 clusters of 4 premolars, or eumorphic hyperodontia].

PMID- 6581936
TI  - [Simple oral surgery in children cared for by the general practitioner].

PMID- 6581937
TI  - [Trophy: from radiology to dental mini-equipment. Interview by Chantal Baudin].

PMID- 6581938
TI  - [Creation of a Department of Psychomatic Medicine at the School of Dental Surgery
      at the University of Paris].

PMID- 6581939
TI  - [Identification using the maxillary sinus].

PMID- 6581941
TI  - [Geriatrics + dentistry = geriatric dentistry. Interview by Chantal Baudin].

PMID- 6581940
TI  - [A chain of continuous asepsis].

PMID- 6581942
TI  - [Review of the signs of aging].

PMID- 6581943
TI  - [Dietary problems in geriatrics].

PMID- 6581944
TI  - [Principles for understanding the psychosomatic fact. Relation to dentistry].

PMID- 6581945
TI  - [Atomic absorption spectrophotometry used in experimental dental research].

PMID- 6581946
TI  - [Adrenaline and local anesthesia in conservative dentistry].

PMID- 6581947
TI  - [Dental care and sickness insurance in Switzerland].

PMID- 6581948
TI  - [The geriatric environment and its effect].

PMID- 6581949
TI  - [Mental health, intellectual level and physical capacity of the aged patient].

PMID- 6581950
TI  - [Aging at the level of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6581951
TI  - [Root prosthetics and vitreous carbon].

PMID- 6581952
TI  - [Psychosomatic consultation in dentistry].

PMID- 6581953
TI  - [An experimental study of a 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate gel].

PMID- 6581954
TI  - [Loco-regional anesthesia in long-term and extended periodontal surgery].

PMID- 6581955
TI  - [Body language between the dental surgeon and his patient].

PMID- 6581956
TI  - [Lymphoid blast crisis in chronic myelogenous leukemia].
AB  - A 70-year-old woman with PAS-positive acute lymphatic leukaemia was treated with
      vincristine, vindesine and prednisone. After three-month peripheral remission
      there developed mature-cell chronic myeloid leukaemia with positive Ph1
      chromosome. After 12 days on busulphan (Myleran) treatment peripheral remission
      occurred for three months. After this there was again a lymphoid blast crisis
      with progressive development of a peripheral aplastic syndrome, of which the
      patient died 14 months after diagnosis of the first blast crisis. In retrospect,
      basophilia, spleen size and platelet count provided a pointer to the existence of
      a myeloproliferative syndrome even prior to the first blast crisis. Cytogenetic
      studies are recommended before treatment is started in every case of blast
      leukemia in order to assess any morphological change in the further course of the
      disease.

PMID- 6581957
TI  - [Crack formation in plastic-veneered restorations resulting from changes in
      temperature load].

PMID- 6581958
TI  - [Relation between the properties of the materials and crack formation in plastic
      veneered restorations].

PMID- 6581959
TI  - [Anomalies of permanent teeth after rubella embryopathy].

PMID- 6581960
TI  - [Effect of a water jet apparatus on gingival volume pulse. 2].

PMID- 6581961
TI  - [Does humidity affect the polymerization reaction of composites? 1].

PMID- 6581962
TI  - [Assessment of the zygomatic arch in the orthopantomogram].

PMID- 6581963
TI  - [Simplified gas chromatographic method for identifying and determining volatile
      saliva components].

PMID- 6581964
TI  - [In vivo studies of the surface roughness of teeth in mixed dentition].

PMID- 6581965
TI  - [Local differences in the roughness of the surfaces of extracted teeth].

PMID- 6581966
TI  - [Quantitative determination of the strength properties and solubility behavior of
      hard dental tissue in the micro ranges].

PMID- 6581967
TI  - [Quantitative studies of the effect of fluoridated drinking water on the
      mechanical properties of rat dental enamel].

PMID- 6581968
TI  - [Metallographic structural analysis of dental alloys with the reflecting
      polarization microscope. I. Dental amalgams].

PMID- 6581969
TI  - [Responsibility for documentation in practice and clinical work].

PMID- 6581970
TI  - Decreasing researcher bias in scientific investigation.

PMID- 6581971
TI  - Peer review experience in a baccalaureate dental hygiene program.

PMID- 6581972
TI  - A look at baccalaureate degree programs for dental hygienists in the United
      States.

PMID- 6581973
TI  - Possible role for calmodulin in calcium paradox-induced heart failure.
AB  - Several phenothiazines were found to provide significant protection against loss
      of tissue creatine phosphokinase caused by the calcium paradox. The concentration
      of phenothiazine required for protection lies within the range generally
      attributable to their calmodulin inhibition properties. Moreover, the order of
      effectiveness in protecting the calcium overloaded myocardium is consistent with
      their potency as calmodulin inhibitors (trifluoperazine greater than
      chloropromazine greater than promethazine). The most potent calmodulin inhibitor
      was shown to dramatically reduce the amount of creatine phosphokinase loss from
      calcium depleted hearts exposed to buffer containing calcium under anoxic
      conditions. On the other hand, the drug failed to alter the oxygen-dependent
      component of the calcium paradox. It also failed to prevent the proteolytic
      conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase. The possibility that
      calmodulin activation promotes cellular damage by activating either directly or
      indirectly specific membrane cellular phospholipases is discussed. Also discussed
      is the hypothesis that oxygen-dependent damage may be linked to the generation of
      superoxide anion by the enzyme xanthine oxidase.

PMID- 6581974
TI  - A phase II study of 4'-epi-doxorubicin plus cis-platinum in advanced solid
      tumors.
AB  - 4'-Epi-doxorubicin (4'-epi-DX) is a new doxorubicin derivative that in phase II
      human studies has been demonstrated to be less toxic than doxorubicin. Sixty-four
      patients with advanced solid tumors were treated with the drug combination of 4'
      epi-DX and cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (CDDP) at the doses of 40-60 and 50
      mg/m2, respectively, every 21-28 days. Out of 52 evaluable patients, complete
      remission (CR) was recorded in 5, partial remission (PR) in 12, minor remission
      (MR) in 7, no change (NC) in 16 and progression (P) in 12. The median duration of
      remission in patients who achieved a CR and PR was 9+ months. In particular, out
      of 19 patients with ovarian cancer, 2 CR (second look) and 7 PR have been
      documented. One CR and 3 PR also have been observed in 21 patients with lung
      carcinoma. Complete and partial responses also have been documented in breast
      cancer (1 CR/1), in bladder carcinoma (1 CR/2), in renal cancer (1 PR/5) and in
      testicular cancer (1 PR/1). Hematologic toxicity was generally mild to moderate
      (leukopenia less than or equal to 1500 cells/mm3 in 3% of the patients;
      thrombocytopenia less than or equal to 120,000 cells/mm3 in 2% of the patients).
      Vomiting was present in almost all patients while alopecia has been recorded in
      63% of the patients. No case of cardiac toxicity had been observed up to now
      (median cumulative dose of 4'-epi-DX:240 mg/m2, range 40-650 mg/m2). The
      combination of 4'-epi-DX with CDDP appears to be an active and well-tolerated
      regimen in ovarian cancer and lung cancer.

PMID- 6581975
TI  - Induction of natural killer-like cytotoxicity in cultured human thymocytes.
AB  - Supernatants containing interleukin 2 (IL 2) induce strong proliferation and
      expression of natural killer (NK)-like activity in human thymocytes. Different
      supernatants were compared for: (a) IL 2 activity, (b) thymocyte proliferation
      capacity and (c) induction of NK-like cytotoxicity. All these activities were
      present in a partially purified IL2 preparation obtained by gel filtration
      chromatography (Mr 15 000-20 000). However, in supernatants from different
      sources and in the 15 000-20 000-Mr semipurified fractions, we observed that the
      NK-like cytotoxicity inducer effect did not correlate with either the
      mitogenicity or the IL2 activity. The presence in the supernatants of interleukin
      1 (IL 1), interferon (IFN) or phytohemagglutinin (PHA) does not seem to be a
      prerequisite for the induction of NK-like cytotoxicity, since this activity was
      (a) fully present in supernatants devoid of IL 1, IFN and PHA, (b) absent in
      preparations of IL 1 and (c) not augmented after supplementation of the
      supernatants with IFN-gamma. We also investigated the cellular characteristics of
      the precursor thymocytes responsive to IL 2 supernatants. Removal of the T3+
      cells at the initiation of the culture abrogated the proliferative response and
      eliminated the generation of NK-like cytotoxicity. Under the same conditions,
      removal of the HTA1+ population increased the proliferation and did not affect
      the NK-like activity. Our results suggest that: (a) either IL 2 is not
      responsible for the induction of NK-like cytotoxicity or its action is modulated
      by other molecules, and (b) the precursor-responder population is preferentially
      included in the mature T3+ subset.

PMID- 6581976
TI  - Mescaline elicits behavioral effects in cats by an action at both serotonin and
      dopamine receptors.
AB  - The characteristic behavioral effects of mescaline in cats were nearly completely
      blocked by pretreatment with low doses of either a specific serotonin antagonist
      (methysergide) or a dopamine specific antagonist (haloperidol). These blocking
      effects were not due to non-specific actions, since methysergide did not block
      the behavioral effects of apomorphine, and haloperidol did not block the
      behavioral effects of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine. Thus, it appears that the
      behavioral effects of mescaline are dependent upon the simultaneous action of the
      drug at both serotonin and dopamine receptors.

PMID- 6581977
TI  - The excitatory non-cholinergic, non-adrenergic nervous system of the guinea-pig
      airways.
AB  - Guinea-pig airways, from the trachea to the hilus bronchi, were studied in vitro
      for the presence of excitatory nerves. Electrical field stimulation of the
      tissues demonstrated excitatory cholinergic nerves in the trachea and main
      bronchi; their effect was blocked by atropine. Field stimulation in the presence
      of atropine elicited contractions of the main and hilus bronchi. Tetrodotoxin
      blocked the field stimulation-induced contraction in all preparations; this
      indicated that nerves were stimulated. The contractions were, however, not
      blocked by any conventional receptor antagonists. These findings suggest that the
      non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerves are an important excitatory nervous system
      in the guinea-pig bronchi.

PMID- 6581978
TI  - Bronchial mucosal permeability in airways hyperreactivity.

PMID- 6581979
TI  - Airway hyperreactivity and microvascular permeability to large molecules.

PMID- 6581980
TI  - Some procedures used to assess clinical airway hyperreactivity.

PMID- 6581981
TI  - Airway hyperreactivity. Calculation of data.

PMID- 6581982
TI  - Non-specific bronchial reactivity and ultrastructure of the airway epithelium in
      patients with sarcoidosis and allergic alveolitis.
AB  - There are subgroups of subjects showing increased bronchial responsiveness to
      histamine among patients with sarcoidosis and with allergic alveolitis (farmer's
      lung). In these subjects the airway reactivity is comparable with that usually
      encountered in patients with asthma and in many cases of bronchitis. In many of
      our patients with hyperreactive sarcoidosis and alveolitis, the increased
      reactivity was transient, lasting for one to two months during the acute stage of
      the disease. By electron microscopy we have shown that some of these patients
      have extensive epithelial damage which could increase epithelial permeability and
      uncover superficial afferent nerve endings. Indeed, superficial epithelial
      afferent nerves were found, and it is possible that irritation of these nerve
      endings causes enhanced bronchoconstriction via the vagal reflex. The transient
      nature of the hyperreactivity observed in patients with sarcoidosis and
      alveolitis may indicate that the epithelial changes are readily reversible. The
      recovery of the epithelium could perhaps be demonstrated by taking serial
      bronchial biopsies during the course of the disease. Because the electron
      microscopic specimens represented only a small area of bronchial epithelium, it
      is difficult to draw any conclusions as to a quantitative relationship between
      the amount of total epithelial damage and the degree of bronchial reactivity.

PMID- 6581983
TI  - The concept of airway "sensitivity" and "reactivity".
AB  - Linear dose-response relationships can be obtained in vivo by measuring changes
      in airway conductance induced by graded doses of aerosolized bronchoconstrictor
      agents. Bronchial Sensitivity is defined as the dose causing the threshold
      response whereas Reactivity is the rate of response (slope of dose-response
      line). Determinants of bronchial response are complex and factors other than
      airway smooth muscle may play an important role (e.g. mucosal thickness).
      Examples are given of situations in which the concept of Reactivity and
      Sensitivity may be useful. Differences between in vitro and in vivo dose-response
      relationships are discussed.

PMID- 6581984
TI  - Hyperreactivity in clinical practice--induction by occupational factors.

PMID- 6581986
TI  - Airway hyperreactivity. Definition and short review.

PMID- 6581985
TI  - Hyperreactivity in children.

PMID- 6581987
TI  - Hyper-reactivity--its relationship to histamine receptors.

PMID- 6581988
TI  - Differentiation induction of murine erythroleukemia cells by butylated
      hydroxytoluene.
AB  - Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) which is widely used as an anti-oxidant in food
      has been found to induce the differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells. BHT
      also amplifies the differentiation inducing activity of DMSO.

PMID- 6581990
TI  - [Facial asymmetry].

PMID- 6581989
TI  - Structural homologies between the amino acid sequence of Clostridium pasteurianum
      MoFe protein and the DNA sequences of nifD and K genes of phylogenetically
      diverse bacteria.
AB  - The complete amino acid sequence of the larger (alpha-) subunit and about 70% of
      the total sequence of the smaller (beta-) subunit of the MoFe protein from
      Clostridium pasteurianum was determined by analyses of peptides derived from BrCN
      cleavage and by digestions with trypsin, staphylococcal protease and lysylendo
      peptidase of the separated subunits. The alpha-subunit has 529 amino acid
      residues, giving an Mr value of 58 774. This is the first complete sequence for
      the alpha-subunit of an isolated MoFe protein. In comparing the sequences of both
      subunits to those from other sources, 5 out of 9 cysteines in the alpha-subunit
      and 3 out of 6 in the beta-subunit are invariant, thus suggesting a function as
      ligands to FeS and MoFeS clusters in the MoFe protein. All of these cysteines are
      located in the amino terminal halves of both subunits.

PMID- 6581991
TI  - [Correlation between the length of the edentulous state and the size of the jaw
      surface].

PMID- 6581992
TI  - [Adverse effect of early extraction of the lst molars on occlusion].

PMID- 6581993
TI  - [Detection and quantitative determination of xylitol by high power liquid
      chromatography].

PMID- 6581994
TI  - [Argyria caused by long-term silver nitrate therapy].

PMID- 6581995
TI  - [Current state of cariology].

PMID- 6581997
TI  - [Sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular corpus in the surgical correction of
      micrognathism associated with prognathism].

PMID- 6581996
TI  - [The use of Dentobuff in measuring salivary buffer capacity].

PMID- 6581998
TI  - [Experimental study of the rebound phenomenon after testosterone administration-
      changes in enzyme activities in testicular steroid biosynthesis].
AB  - To examine the endocrinological and enzymatic aspects of the rebound phenomenon
      induced after cessation of testosterone (T) administration, adult male Wistar
      rats were treated with 0.3 mg of testosterone propionate daily for 39 days. Serum
      LH and T levels were both at the control level when the rebound phenomenon was
      recognized. Testicular T concentration, however, remained at a higher level. At
      the same time, the changes in 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD),
      17 alpha-hydroxylase, C17-C20 lyase and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17
      beta-HSD) activities were investigated using the whole homogenate of rat testis.
      3 beta-HSD, 17 alpha-hydroxylase and C17-C20 lyase activities began to elevate at
      the time when serum LH began to elevate. 3 beta-HSD and C17-C20 lyase activities
      returned to the control level after about 30 and 50 days of cessation of T
      administration, respectively. 17 alpha-hydroxylase activity and testicular T
      level continued higher although serum LH concentration was at the control level.
      17 beta-HSD activity was strongly suppressed and returned to the control level
      after about 30 days of cessation of T administration. It was assumed that the
      rebound phenomenon was induced by the higher level of testicular T which was
      produced by the elevated enzyme activity of 17 alpha-hydroxylase under the
      characteristic conditions in rat testis, perhaps where the sensitivity of 17
      alpha-hydroxylase for LH was increased following cessation of T administration.

PMID- 6581999
TI  - Malpractice: your staff can land you in court.

PMID- 6582000
TI  - How dental franchises impact the future for private practice.

PMID- 6582001
TI  - Direct mail gets new patients.

PMID- 6582002
TI  - The phone call that gets dental dropouts back on your appointment book.

PMID- 6582003
TI  - How to keep the 'old' patients when you buy a new practice.

PMID- 6582004
TI  - Defined benefits: a safe shelter for retirement funds.

PMID- 6582005
TI  - Good communication: a way to prevent turnover.

PMID- 6582007
TI  - Blood pressure fluctuations during dental hygiene treatment.

PMID- 6582006
TI  - Blood pressure measurement. Referral of suspected hypertensive dental patients.

PMID- 6582009
TI  - You can't always read their minds!

PMID- 6582010
TI  - Those phony phone callers and other office bandits.

PMID- 6582008
TI  - Calcium hypophosphate as a root desensitizing agent.

PMID- 6582011
TI  - When and how to utilize a computer consultant.

PMID- 6582012
TI  - Scheduling to improve production.

PMID- 6582014
TI  - Locating your patients - present and potential.

PMID- 6582013
TI  - Recognizing the hot button can increase acceptance of treatment plans.

PMID- 6582015
TI  - Keep your research on target.

PMID- 6582016
TI  - Study shows long-term mercury exposure harmful to dentists, not patients.

PMID- 6582017
TI  - Evaluate your people skills.

PMID- 6582018
TI  - Action plan for effective insurance control.

PMID- 6582019
TI  - The hit parade of employee benefits.

PMID- 6582020
TI  - Continuing education can be a dentist's best investment.

PMID- 6582021
TI  - [The treatment of cancer by anthracyclines].

PMID- 6582022
TI  - [Tics in children and their relation to Tourette's syndrome].

PMID- 6582024
TI  - [The future of dental care].

PMID- 6582023
TI  - [Effect of quinine on methamphetamine-induced anorexia].
AB  - Two experiments were done to examine the effect of quinine (Q) on methamphetamine
      (MA)-induced anorexia in rats. They were fasted throughout (water allowed ad
      libitum) except for a period of 6 hr (10:00-16:00) every day when powder food was
      offered. In the first experiment, the drug-admixed food (DAF) method was used for
      testing the effect of MA in combination with Q and MA alone on food consumption
      and the growth curve. However, the possibility exists that MA plus Q-admixed food
      increases the aversive reaction. Considering this possibility, we used the
      injection method in the second experiment. Rats received Q orally by a stomach
      tube and MA by subcutaneous injection. The injection was made 30 min before the
      presentation of food. In the DAF method, food consumption and weight of the MA
      and MA plus Q groups were inhibited. The inhibitions of the MA plus Q group were
      more potent than that of the MA group. In the injection method, the inhibitions
      of food consumption and growth curve in the MA plus Q group were significantly
      different from that of the MA group and were dose-dependent on MA. Tolerance to
      MA, as index of MA- induced anorexia, developed rapidly in the injection method,
      while tolerance to MA in the DAF method did not develop during the experiment.
      These results indicate that Q can markedly potentiate MA- induced anorexia.

PMID- 6582025
TI  - [Communication in the dental office. Patients--team--dentist].

PMID- 6582026
TI  - [The effect of nutrition on the oro-dental system].

PMID- 6582027
TI  - Hospital ownership changes could necessitate resurvey.

PMID- 6582028
TI  - Steroid sulphatase in man: a non inactivated X-locus with partial gene dosage
      compensation.
AB  - Steroid sulphatase (STS) activity was measured with two different steroid
      substrates in leucocytes from normal human males and females, from females
      heterozygous for STS deficiency and recessive X-linked ichthyosis, and from
      individuals with numerical X chromosome aberrations. The results indicate non
      inactivation with a partial gene dosage compensation at the STS locus. It is
      estimated that STS loci on inactive X chromosomes express approximately 45% of
      the STS activity originating from STS loci on active X chromosomes. It is also
      demonstrated that 45,XO (Turner syndrome) and 47,XXY (Klinefelter syndrome)
      individuals have abnormal STS enzyme levels compared with normal women and men,
      respectively.

PMID- 6582030
TI  - Capitation in Illinois. Part IV--Reasons consumers choose.

PMID- 6582029
TI  - My Red Star adventure.

PMID- 6582031
TI  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with swellings of thyroid and hard palate.

PMID- 6582032
TI  - [Autotransplantation of the mandibular wisdom tooth into the place of the 6 year
      molar. Apropos of 2 extreme cases].

PMID- 6582033
TI  - [Report from the School of Dental Surgery in Toulouse and the mid-Pyrenees
      region].

PMID- 6582034
TI  - [The future of radiology].

PMID- 6582035
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment and periodontal disease].

PMID- 6582036
TI  - [Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerance of diflunisal in treatment of pain in
      dentistry].

PMID- 6582037
TI  - [Effect of glycyrrhetinic acid on the status of gingival health. Clinical study].

PMID- 6582038
TI  - [Use of the V.I.P. angulator technic. Significance in dental radiology].

PMID- 6582039
TI  - [Role of highly polymerized DNA in the treatment of periodontal diseases.
      Evaluation of 108 randomized observations].

PMID- 6582040
TI  - [A new analytical criterion in electromyography: the initial activity phase].

PMID- 6582041
TI  - [Comparative study of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic action of sodium
      Naproxen and Indomethacin in the post-operative period of tooth extraction].

PMID- 6582042
TI  - [Geriatric dentistry and prosthetics].

PMID- 6582043
TI  - [What is your diagnosis?].

PMID- 6582045
TI  - [Microcirculation of the pulp].

PMID- 6582044
TI  - [The dental pulp: structure and function].

PMID- 6582046
TI  - [Dental pulp: target organ for the carious process].

PMID- 6582047
TI  - [The pulp in dentinogenesis imperfecta].

PMID- 6582048
TI  - [A radiographic technic with endodontic obturating instruments in place using the
      VIP angulator].

PMID- 6582049
TI  - Lysis of FLD-3 Friend erythroleukemia cells in vitro and in vivo: effect of 89Sr
      treatment and Friend virus infection.
AB  - The effector cells from non-immunized mice capable of lysing 51Cr-labelled FLD-3
      BALB/c Friend virus-induced erythroleukemia cells in vitro and cells capable of
      clearing FLD-3 cells labelled with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine-125I (125IdUrd) from
      the lungs in vivo were characterized and compared with natural killer (NK) cells
      reactive against YAC-I lymphoma cells. Unlike NK cells, the cells capable of
      lysing FLD-3 cells in vitro were insensitive to antibodies directed against NK
      2.1 or Thy-1.2 antigens (plus complement) and to pretreatment of mice in vivo
      with silica particles, 89Sr or estradiol. Heat-killed C. parvum organism
      stimulated anti-FLD-3 effector cells without changing the slow rate (24 h) of
      lysis in vitro. The ability to clear FLD-3 and YAC-1 cells from the lung was
      normal and defective, respectively, in C57BL/6-bg/bg(beige) mice and in mice
      pretreated with 89Sr or estradiol. We conclude that natural cytotoxic (NC) cells
      lyse FLD-3 cells, Fv-2, which regulates resistance to leukemia induction by
      Friend virus, does not regulate NC(FLD-3) activity, and the virus does not affect
      NC(FLD-3) activity during the first several days of infection of normal
      genetically susceptible mice. However, infection of 89Sr-treated mice inhibits
      NC(FLD-3) function owing to the activation of suppressor cells. These data
      suggest (but do not prove) that effector cells similar or identical to NC(FLD-3)
      cells may function in vivo to resist the proliferation/survival of certain
      leukemia cells.

PMID- 6582050
TI  - Induction of plasma membrane alterations in AKR-2B mouse embryo fibroblasts by
      endogenous growth factors from malignant human cells.
AB  - AKR-2B mouse fibroblasts were treated with 50 micrograms/ml of crude transforming
      growth factor (TGF) of human origin. Cell surface proteins of treated cells were
      radioiodinated and compared to untreated cells at various times after the
      addition of TGF. Treated cells showed a severalfold increase (approximately 6
      fold) in cell surface 125I incorporation relative to normal cells at 24 h.
      Electrophoretic comparison of treated and untreated cells showed large increases
      in the labelling of cell surface proteins of mol. wt. 50,000-90,000 from TGF
      exposed cells between 10 and 24 h post treatment. By 48 h post treatment, the
      electrophoretic profiles of TGF-exposed cells had returned to a pattern similar
      to that of untreated cells. However, even after a 48 h exposure to TGF, the cells
      retained a transformed morphology indicating that the electrophoretic alterations
      were not simply due to the morphological transformation induced by TGF. The
      electrophoretic pattern of TGF-treated cells at 24 h post treatment was similar
      to that of AKR-2B cells permanently transformed by treatment with
      methylcholanthrene, but was clearly distinct from that induced by treatment of
      normal AKR-2B cells with epidermal growth factor (EGF). EGF induced an increase
      in a protein of mol. wt. 60,000 in the electrophoretic profiles taken 24 h post
      treatment. As with TGF, the appearance of electrophoretic profiles of EGF-treated
      cells returned to "normal" by 48 h. Again, these alterations did not appear to be
      dependent upon morphological changes since EGF-treated cells showed a
      morphological transformation similar to that of cells treated with TGF, and this
      was maintained throughout the 48 h experimental period.

PMID- 6582051
TI  - Control of in vivo differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells. IV. Inhibition of
      leukemia development by myeloid differentiation-inducing protein.
AB  - It is shown that a 5-day schedule of two injections per day of the myeloid
      differentiation-inducing protein MGI-2 inhibited the in vivo development of
      leukemia in SL and SJL/J mice with different syngeneic MGI+D+ clones of myeloid
      leukemic cells. With this schedule of treatment high levels of MGI-2 were
      maintained in the serum for long periods. In contrast to these results with MGI
      2, the same schedule of injections of the myeloid growth-inducing protein MGI-I
      did not affect the in vivo development of leukemia in mice with MGI+D+ myeloid
      leukemic cells, but stimulated normal myelopoiesis in the bone marrow. Different
      forms of MGI-I including MGI-IM and MGI-IG had different serum half-lives, and
      the form of MGI-I with the shortest serum half-life showed the smallest in vivo
      effect on normal myelopoiesis. MGI-2 injections did not inhibit the in vivo
      development of differentiation-defective WEHI-3B myelomonocytic leukemic cells or
      YAC lymphoma cells. The results indicate that the in vivo inhibitory effect of
      MGI-2 on the development of myeloid leukemia correlated with its differentiation
      inducing potential on the leukemic cells. It is concluded that this approach of
      inhibiting leukemia development by inducing differentiation should also be
      applied to human leukemic patients, whose cells have been shown to be inducible
      for differentiation in culture by human MGI-2 or by other differentiation
      inducing compounds.

PMID- 6582052
TI  - Tissue distribution of [67Ga]citrate and 111InCl3 in mouse with adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 6582053
TI  - Tumour localisation of 211At-labelled monoclonal antibody to a sub-cutaneous
      human heterograft in the nude mouse II.

PMID- 6582054
TI  - [153Sm]citrate for tumor and abscess localization.

PMID- 6582055
TI  - Effect of atenolol treatment on urinary prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha in
      essential hypertension.
AB  - The urinary excretion of prostaglandins (PG) E2 and F2 alpha was measured by
      radioimmunoassay in 15 patients with essential hypertension, before and after 2
      and 4 weeks of treatment with the selective beta 1-adrenergic blocker, atenolol.
      Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate and plasma renin activity
      decreased significantly during the treatment. No change was observed in renal
      function and electrolyte balance. The 24-hour excretion of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha
      was also unaffected by the antihypertensive treatment. The above findings, in
      contrast with those previously observed with another beta-blocker, propranolol,
      suggest that tubular beta-receptors are not involved in the synthesis of PGs. The
      different hemodynamic effects of the two drugs are the most likely explanation
      for the different responses in prostaglandin excretion.

PMID- 6582056
TI  - Acute surgical abdomen caused by thrombocytopenia in patients with acute leukemia
      and multiple myeloma.
AB  - One patient with multiple myeloma and four patients with acute leukemia presented
      with severe abdominal pain. Pertinent findings included numerous petechiae in the
      skin and buccal cavity, and diffuse abdominal guarding and tenderness, suggesting
      peritoneal involvement. Severe thrombocytopenia was found in all patients.
      Laparotomy was performed in the patient with multiple myeloma, and revealed
      numerous petechiae throughout the peritoneum. All five patients responded to
      platelet transfusions with disappearance of the abdominal signs and symptoms.
      Severe thrombocytopenia should be considered among the causes of acute surgical
      abdomen in patients with malignant hematological disorders, and platelet
      transfusions should be administered before any surgical intervention.

PMID- 6582057
TI  - The treatment of pulmonary metastases in osteosarcoma. Preliminary observations
      on 30 cases.
AB  - Thirty cases of pulmonary metastases in osteosarcoma are analysed from the point
      of view of evaluating the indications for localised excision, and also to report
      the results obtained. This group is compared with 42 analogous cases in which the
      metastases were not treated surgically. The results of pulmonary surgery is shown
      to be effective in the multidisciplinary treatment of osteosarcoma with pulmonary
      metastases.

PMID- 6582058
TI  - Target device for regulating ventilation during voluntary hyperpnea.
AB  - A ventilatory target device is described enabling subjects to maintain specified
      levels of ventilation during voluntary hyperpnea. Inspired air passes through a
      linear resistor. The associated pressure drop is measured and displayed by a
      mechanical manometer with a very slow response. This time-mean pressure is
      proportional to time-mean inspiratory flow and thus to inspired minute
      ventilation. Construction and calibration are described. Inspiratory resistances
      range between 0.6 and 1.9 cmH2O X 1(-1)S for devices with capacities up to 240
      and 80 l/min, respectively. The device is simple, cheap, stable, portable,
      rugged, unpowered, and accurate. Inexperienced subjects quickly learn to use it
      and can maintain ventilations within about 5% of specified values.

PMID- 6582060
TI  - Antidepressant treatment of bulimia: the relationship between bingeing and
      depressive symptomatology.
AB  - In a retrospective study, 22 patients with bulimia were treated with at least one
      therapeutic trial of antidepressants. Most patients (77%) were clinically
      depressed before the drug trial. Bingeing frequency decreased in 59% of all
      cases, and depression improved in 58% of depressed subjects after a 4-week trial
      of antidepressants, although only 27% of all patients showed both an antibinge
      and an antidepressant response. Furthermore, during a 3-month follow-up period,
      several patients relapsed despite continuing medication. At the end of the follow
      up period, 23% of subjects continued to show at least a 50% decrease in their
      bingeing. These data indicate that medication may have separate and possibly
      unrelated antibinge and antidepressant effects in this patient population.

PMID- 6582061
TI  - Bulimia in men: report of three cases with neuroendocrine findings.
AB  - Bulimia, like anorexia nervosa, primarily affects women. Although survey reports
      have shown that as many as 10%-13% of students meeting DSM-III criteria for
      bulimia are male, 1,2 detailed clinical descriptions of male bulimic patients are
      rare. The following case reports describe three men seen for evaluation of
      bulimia at the UCLA Eating Disorders Clinic.

PMID- 6582059
TI  - Molybdopterin in carbon monoxide oxidase from carboxydotrophic bacteria.
AB  - The carbon monoxide oxidases (COXs) purified from the carboxydotrophic bacteria
      Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena and Pseudomonas carboxydoflava were found to be
      molybdenum hydroxylases, identical in cofactor composition and spectral
      properties to the recently characterized enzyme from Pseudomonas carboxydovorans
      (O. Meyer, J. Biol. Chem. 257:1333-1341, 1982). All three enzymes exhibited a
      cofactor composition of two flavin adenine dinucleotides, two molybdenums, eight
      irons and eight labile sulfides per dimeric molecule, typical for molybdenum
      containing iron-sulfur flavoproteins. The millimolar extinction coefficient of
      the COXs at 450 nm was 72 (per two flavin adenine dinucleotides), a value similar
      to that of milk xanthine oxidase and chicken liver xanthine dehydrogenase at 450
      nm. That molybdopterin, the novel prosthetic group of the molybdenum cofactor of
      a variety of molybdoenzymes (J. Johnson and K. V. Rajagopalan, Proc. Natl. Acad.
      Sci. U.S.A. 79:6856-6860, 1982) is also a constituent of COXs from
      carboxydotrophic bacteria is indicated by the formation of identical fluorescent
      cofactor derivatives, by complementation of the nitrate reductase activity in
      extracts of Neurospora crassa nit-l, and by the presence of organic phosphate
      additional to flavin adenine dinucleotides. Molybdopterin is tightly but
      noncovalently bound to the protein. COX, sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase, and
      xanthine dehydrogenase each contains 2 mol of molybdopterin per mol of enzyme.
      The presence of a trichloroacetic acid-releasable, so-far-unidentified,
      phosphorous-containing moiety in COX is suggested by the results of phosphate
      analysis.

PMID- 6582062
TI  - Amino acid sequence of retinal transducin at the site ADP-ribosylated by cholera
      toxin.
AB  - Transducin was [32P]ADP-ribosylated by cholera toxin in bovine retinal rod outer
      segments and then partially purified on omega-amino octyl agarose to remove other
      ADP-ribosylated proteins. Trypsin digestion of the ADP-ribosylated transducin and
      further purification using boronate-polyacrylamide beads and high performance
      liquid chromatography yielded a single radiolabeled tetrapeptide, Ser-Arg-Val
      Lys. The ADP-ribose is linked to the guanidinium group of arginine.

PMID- 6582063
TI  - ADP-ribosylation of transducin by islet-activation protein. Identification of
      asparagine as the site of ADP-ribosylation.
AB  - Islet-activating protein catalyzes the ADP-ribosylation of transducin, a guanine
      nucleotide-binding regulatory protein that mediates activation of a retinal
      cyclic GMP-selective phosphodiesterase. Radiolabel from [adenylate-32P]NAD+ was
      incorporated specifically into the alpha subunit of purified transducin. Maximal
      levels of incorporation approximated 0.8 mol of ADP-ribose/mol of transducin. A
      peptide containing the ADP-ribosyl moiety was purified from a tryptic digest of
      radiolabeled transducin. This peptide was characterized by chemical and enzymatic
      procedures and by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The primary structure
      of this peptide was Glu-Asn-Leu-Lys-Asn(ADP-ribose)-Gly-Leu-Phe. It is probable
      that the peptide originated from the carboxyl terminus of the alpha subunit and
      that the ADP-ribosyl moiety is attached by an N-glycosidic linkage to the
      asparagine residue. Transducin associated with retinal disc membranes is also ADP
      ribosylated by cholera toxin. Cholera toxin and islet-activating protein
      sequentially catalyze the incorporation of 1.9 mol of ADP-ribose/mol of
      transducin, indicating two distinct sites of ADP-ribosylation within transducin.

PMID- 6582065
TI  - Selection of mouse macrophage-like sublines that differ in leukemogenic potential
      and characterization.
AB  - The murine macrophage-like cell line (Mm-1), which is nonleukemogenic to
      syngeneic SL mice, was originally derived from spontaneously differentiated cells
      of a clonal line of mouse myeloid leukemia cells (M1). In the present experiment,
      variant cell lines with a high (Mm-A), moderate (Mm-P), and little or no (Mm-S1
      and Mm-S2) leukemogenic potential were obtained from the Mm-1 cells. The mean
      survival times of syngeneic SL mice inoculated i.p. with 5 X 10(6) Mm-A and Mm-P
      cells were 17 and 33 days, respectively, whereas almost all the mice inoculated
      with Mm-S1 or Mm-S2 cells survived for more than 90 days. These variant cell
      lines did not lose their macrophage-like characteristics in vitro. These variant
      cell lines phagocytized latex beads and sensitized sheep erythrocytes, produced
      lysozyme, and adhered to culture dishes. The four variant cell lines showed no
      significant difference in proliferation rates in vitro in liquid medium
      containing 10% calf serum, but Mm-A cells could grow both in soft agar medium in
      the absence of ascitic fluid containing colony-stimulating factor (CSF) and in
      liquid medium containing 1% serum, whereas Mm-P cells could grow in the liquid
      medium but not in soft agar medium without ascitic fluid, and Mm-S1 and Mm-S2
      cells could not grow in either medium. The ratio of the nuclear area to the cell
      area (NCR) of Mm-A cells was a high (51%) but those of Mm-S1 and Mm-S2 cells were
      low (40-41%), and that of Mm-P cells was intermediate (44%). The leukemogenicity
      of Mm-1 cell lines was roughly correlated with their NCR. The possibility that
      interactions between Mm-1 variant cells and host immune cells might be involved
      in the mechanisms of their different leukemogenicities was not supported by
      results on the in vitro susceptibilities of Mm-1 variant cells to the cytostatic
      actions by normal macrophages and spleen cells and on leukemogenicities of the Mm
      1 variant cells in athymic nude mice. A possible method of control of the
      leukemogenicity of Mm-1 variant cells is discussed.

PMID- 6582064
TI  - Calcium-dependency of the pressor responses to selective 5-hydroxytryptamine
      receptor agonists in pithed rats.
AB  - The pressor responses to six selective 5-HT receptor agonists, quipazine, TMFPP,
      Org 10155, Ru 24969, 5-methoxytryptamine and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine,
      were quantified and tested for calcium dependency following i.v. administration
      to pithed normotensive rats. The pressor responses induced by 5-methoxytryptamine
      and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine were not influenced by calcium entry
      blockade by means of nifedipine. The piperazine derivatives quipazine, TMFPP and
      Org 10155 were full agonists, but the pressor responses to these agonists were
      sensitive to calcium entry blockade. 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and Ru
      24969 were found to be partial agonists. It is submitted as a hypothesis that
      within the present series of 5-HT receptor agonists, a restricted side chain
      flexibility will enhance the dependency of their pressor responses to
      extracellular calcium.

PMID- 6582066
TI  - A highly sensitive determination of individual serum bile acids using high
      performance liquid chromatography with immobilized enzyme.
AB  - We have developed a highly sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of
      individual bile acids in serum using high-performance liquid chromatography
      (HPLC) combined with immobilized 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Both the
      HPLC column and the immobilized-enzyme column are suitable for use with alkaline
      solutions necessary in working with this enzyme system. With this method we were
      able to determine simultaneously fifteen different serum bile acids.

PMID- 6582067
TI  - Surgical management of doxorubicin (Adriamycin) extravasation.
AB  - The advent of potent chemotherapeutic agents has been helpful in the medical
      management of a variety of malignancies. Unfortunately, the side effects and
      complications have been significant. Our recent experience with a patient who had
      the avoidable complication of extravasation with doxorubicin (Adriamycin) into
      the upper extremity is described. Frequently, the medical management of this
      problem has been observation alone followed by late surgical referral. This
      tissue fixation of the chemotherapeutic agent is such that it stays bound locally
      and causes an ever enlarging ulceration of tissue. This slough can occur not only
      in a circumferential fashion, but also in the superficial to deep manner,
      resulting in full-thickness lesions. Early surgical intervention is important to
      shorten the morbidity and to return the patients to their home environment.

PMID- 6582069
TI  - Coincident infantile autism and Tourette syndrome: a case report.
AB  - A 15-year-old boy who had been diagnosed as having infantile autism (IA) at two
      years of age was found to have Tourette Syndrome (TS) in adolescence. This case
      report represents the second coincident finding of IA and TS in an adolescent
      autistic boy. The implications of a co-occurrence of IA and TS are discussed in
      the light of our current understanding of abnormalities in neurotransmitter
      metabolism common to both conditions.

PMID- 6582068
TI  - Behavior-disordered and aggressive children: new advances in pharmacotherapy.
AB  - The status of children's psychopharmacology is reviewed in the context of
      differences from its adult counterpart. An overview is presented of recent
      psychopharmacological developments in the treatment of childhood behavioral
      disorders. The disorders are grouped according to the potential usefulness of
      medication. The focus is on clinical efficacy and safety of drug usage. The
      effect of psychoactive drugs on cognitive functions in the laboratory is referred
      to, as well as the value of determining drug levels in clinical practice. It is
      concluded that drug administration in isolation is not the treatment of choice.
      Drug therapy is a valuable adjunct, however, to psychosocial interventions.

PMID- 6582070
TI  - Routine bone marrow aspirations during maintenance treatment in acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia do not improve survival.

PMID- 6582071
TI  - Middle zone of the root surface integument of human teeth affected by chronic
      periodontitis.
AB  - This study has confirmed the presence on the root surface of teeth affected by
      chronic periodontitis of a zoned organic integument analogous to that on enamel.
      Measurements showed a highly significant correlation between the levels of the
      bounding structures of this zone, that is, the apical plaque border and the
      coronal border of residual periodontal ligament, for both shallow and deep
      pockets. The middle zone between these two was on average 1 mm wide.

PMID- 6582073
TI  - Food increases the bioavailability of isotretinoin.
AB  - Twenty healthy male subjects received 80 mg (2 X 40 mg SEG capsules) oral
      isotretinoin separated by two-week washout periods in an open randomized
      crossover design. Isotretinoin was administered during a complete fast, 1 hour
      after a standard breakfast, with a standard breakfast, or 1 hour before a
      standard breakfast. Blood samples were obtained at specific times over a 72-hour
      period. Isotretinoin blood concentrations were determined by a specific HPLC
      method. The relative bioavailability (AUC) of isotretinoin was found to be
      approximately 1.5 to 2 times greater when the dose was administered 1 hour
      before, concomitantly with, or 1 hour after a meal than when it was given during
      a complete fast. In addition, because the Cmax value is lower when the dose is
      administered with food rather than 1 hour after a meal, coadministration of
      isotretinoin with food may be the best method of administration.

PMID- 6582072
TI  - New concepts of destructive periodontal disease.
AB  - The most common forms of destructive periodontal disease have been thought to
      slowly and continuously progress until treatment or tooth loss. Recently, data
      have become available which are inconsistent with this "continuous disease"
      hypothesis. Data from longitudinal monitoring of periodontal attachment levels
      and alveolar bone in humans and in animals suggest that periodontal disease
      progresses by recurrent acute episodes. In addition, rates of attachment loss
      have been measured in individual sites which are faster than those consistent
      with the continuous disease hypothesis or slower than those expected from
      estimates of prior loss rates. To account for these observations, a model of
      destructive periodontal disease is described in which bursts of activity occur
      for short periods of time in individual sites. These bursts appear to occur
      randomly at periodontal sites throughout the mouth. Some sites demonstrate a
      brief active burst of destructive periodontal disease (which could take a few
      days to a few months) before going into a period of remission. Other sites appear
      to be free of destructive periodontal disease throughout the individual's life.
      The sites which demonstrate destructive periodontal activity may show no further
      activity or could be subject to one or more bursts of activity at later time
      periods. Comparison of monitored loss rates for a year with mean loss rates prior
      to monitoring suggested that there may be relatively short periods in an
      individual's life in which many sites undergo periodontal destruction followed by
      periods of extended remission. An extension of the random disease model is also
      suggested in which bursts of destructive periodontal disease activity occur with
      higher frequency during certain periods of an individual's life.

PMID- 6582074
TI  - The effect of polyvalent metal ion mordanting on caries-like lesion progression
      in enamel.
AB  - The ability of metal ion mordanting followed by APF application to inhibit the
      progression of caries-like lesions was compared with APF treatment alone. The
      progression of the lesion was investigated in vitro using an acidified gel
      system, and the lesions were compared using polarized light microscopy. Both
      ferric and zirconyl pre-treatments, but not titanium, were shown to inhibit
      lesion progression to a greater extent than did APF. This inhibition was thought
      to be due to the presence of an amorphous-type coating similar to those produced
      on sound enamel by metal ion mordanting.

PMID- 6582075
TI  - Studies on chondrocytes from mandibular condylar cartilage, nasal septal
      cartilage, and spheno-occipital synchondrosis in culture. I. Morphology, growth,
      glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and responsiveness to bovine parathyroid hormone (1
      34).
AB  - Methods for isolating chondrocytes from the craniofacial complex and culturing
      them in vitro were established. Chondrocytes which were isolated by collagenase
      digestion from mandibular condylar cartilage, nasal septal cartilage, and spheno
      occipital synchondrosis grew well in vitro. All three types of chondrocytes
      actively synthesized glycosaminoglycans, a differentiated phenotype of
      chondrocytes, and responded well to parathyroid hormone. However, some different
      characteristics were noted among the three types of chondrocytes in culture.

PMID- 6582076
TI  - The effects of fatty acids and their monoesters on the metabolic activity of
      dental plaque.
AB  - We examined the effects of the saturated series of fatty acids and their esters
      on plaque bacterial metabolism. Fatty acids with a chain length of 8-15 carbons
      inhibited Streptococcus mutans and dental plaque in vitro. The glycerol
      monoesters with a fatty acid chain of 10-14 carbons were inhibitory to a similar
      extent. The glycolipid (sucrose monolaurate) reduced plaque bacterial glycolysis
      and sucrose oxidation in a non-competitive manner but stimulated sucrose
      incorporation at low sucrose concentrations. The relationship between surface
      activity and inhibition is discussed, since this may help to explain the anti
      caries effects of these compounds.

PMID- 6582077
TI  - An incisor plaque model in rats.
AB  - An in vivo model for studying plaque accumulation in rats has been described.
      This model investigates plaque formation on the mandibular incisors in animals
      which have been found to be rapid plaque-formers during a pre-test period. The
      accessibility of these tooth surfaces permits the removal of plaque prior to
      initiation of tests, the use of test groups balanced on the basis of plaque
      forming potential, and interim assessments of plaque formation throughout the
      test period. In addition, baseline plaque scores of near zero can be attained,
      thereby permitting investigations of the impact of experimental measures on
      plaque formation. Moreover, the model permits intermittent plaque assessments
      throughout the test period. This model was found to have adequate sensitivity to
      distinguish effects between antimicrobial agents known to differ in their
      clinical activity and to detect differences between varying concentrations of the
      same agent.

PMID- 6582078
TI  - The effect of some metal ions on the intradental sensory nerves of the cat.
AB  - Intradental nerve activity from canine teeth of anesthetized cats was recorded
      during the application of different metal ion solutions in a dentinal cavity. The
      application of Ag2+, Ca2+, Cd2+, Cr3+, Hg2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Sn2+, and
      Zn2+ reduced the nerve activity induced by NaCl 0.76 M and compound 48/80. The
      application of Cu2+ and Co2+ excited the intradental sensory nerves.

PMID- 6582079
TI  - The effect of an antibacterial solution on the microflora of human incipient
      fissure caries.
AB  - A technique for collecting various levels of plaque from incipient occlusal
      fissure caries was used to evaluate the antibacterial properties of a solution
      containing I2-KI, CuSO4, and ethanol. In comparison with control fissures (n =
      6), the treated fissures (n = 9) showed a 98% difference in recoverable bacteria,
      with the killing of S. mutans, Actinomyces, and lactobacilli appearing to reflect
      the level of agent penetration.

PMID- 6582080
TI  - Streptococcus mutans levels and biotypes in Egyptian and Saudi Arabian students
      during the first months of residency in the United States.
AB  - Several studies indicated that serotype/biotype c strains are the most common on
      a global basis, but that regional differences may occur relative to other
      serotype/biotypes. Of particular interest is the observation that individuals
      residing in the Middle East have higher incidences of serotype e and d strains
      relative to their levels in American citizens. This could reflect exposure to
      different Streptococcus mutans serotypes during the period in which the teeth are
      colonized, or might reflect other factors local to the region, such as diet. The
      purpose of the present study was to observe Egyptian and Saudi Arabian students
      during the first four months after their arrival in the United States, in order
      to determine whether this change in habitat affected the levels and biotypes of
      S. mutans. The results of this study showed that biotype c strains were the most
      prevalent in saliva and plaque of these Egyptians and Saudi Arabian students,
      followed by biotype e and biotype d. There was a drop in the number of S. mutans
      in the saliva and the proportions of S. mutans in the plaque after two months of
      residence in the United States, followed by a significant increase after four
      months of residence. This increase was most noticeable in subjects who had a
      higher number of decayed surfaces. In these subjects, the percentage of S. mutans
      in pooled occlusal plaque increased significantly, from 6.1 to 13.2%.

PMID- 6582081
TI  - Streptococcus mutans and caries prevalence in Lisu and Karen of northern
      Thailand.
AB  - The prevalence of dental caries was studied in 139 Lisu and 167 Karen using the
      DMF-T index. Oral habits were recorded, including the chewing of betel nut.
      Samples of drinking water and betel constituents were collected and assayed for
      fluoride concentrations. Plaque material from 100 randomly selected individuals
      from each village was examined qualitatively for S. mutans. The DMF-T index
      scores for both tribal groups were low (0.00-1.00), and there was no significant
      difference in caries prevalence between betel chewers and non-chewers. Fluoride
      concentrations of the water samples were comparably low (0.02-0.29 ppm F). 30% of
      200 plaque samples were positive for S. mutans, mostly of Biotype I.

PMID- 6582083
TI  - Crystallographic structure of enamel surfaces treated with topical fluoride
      agents: TEM and XRD considerations.
AB  - The crystallographic structure of surface coatings produced by three topical
      fluoride agents deposited by a single application on intact human enamel surfaces
      was investigated by light- and dark-field transmission electron microscopy, as
      well as by electron and x-ray diffraction. The agents studied were an acidic
      silane fluoride lacquer, a neutral NaF lacquer, and an APF gel. The smallest
      coherently diffracting particles were CaF2 microcrystallites 4-15 nm in diameter.
      Large apatite-like crystals, approximately 1 micron in length, were also observed
      in the outer surface coating produced by the silane fluoride lacquer.

PMID- 6582082
TI  - Distribution of enamel defects and the association with respiratory distress in
      very low birthweight infants.
AB  - Although dental defects have long been observed among surviving pre-term infants,
      only few systematic studies address this problem. In a clinic limited to recall
      of infants of very low birthweight (less than 1.5 kg), enamel hypoplasia of
      primary incisors was found in 14/67 (21%) children, and enamel opacities were
      found in an additional 31% of the children. In contrast, enamel hypoplasia and
      opacities were found in 4% and 22%, respectively, of a control group of 46 normal
      birthweight children. The difference was significant (p less than 0.05) for the
      hypoplasia but not for the opacities. Primary incisor enamel hypoplasia was more
      commonly noted in maxillary central incisors than in lateral incisors (X2 = 28.0,
      p less than 0.01). Furthermore, hypoplasia was more common in maxillary incisors
      than in mandibular incisors (X2 = 48.4, p less than 0.01). In infants with dental
      defects, there was no significant correlation with pregnancy risk factors,
      gestational age, birthweight, septicemia, first-week caloric intake, serum
      bilirubin, or calcium. Infants with enamel hypoplasia were more likely, however,
      to have severe respiratory distress syndrome (X2 = 7.2, p less than 0.01), than
      infants with unaltered enamel. Central incisor edge involvement may indicate post
      natal processes and/or a systemic disturbance extending back to the middle
      trimester of pregnancy.

PMID- 6582084
TI  - Sexual dimorphism in the emergence of the deciduous teeth.
AB  - Exact ages of emergence of the twenty deciduous teeth have been investigated on a
      longitudinal sample of 195 French-Canadian children (113 boys and 82 girls). A
      multivariate analysis of variance yielded a significant overall sex difference (p
      less than 0.0001). It has been found that the emergence of the deciduous
      dentition in boys is more precocious than that in girls by about one month; this
      difference is present at the emergence of the upper central incisor and is
      maintained henceforth. The only notable exception to this pattern is the
      emergence of the first molars. Results of the present study, combined with those
      of previous research, suggest that sexual dimorphism in the emergence of the
      deciduous teeth could be mediated through ethnic factors.

PMID- 6582085
TI  - Oral fluoride retention with thixotropic and APF gels and foam-lined and unlined
      trays.
AB  - Ten child volunteers each received four topical fluoride applications using
      different techniques. The amounts of fluoride applied, recovered from the mouth,
      and retained in the mouth were calculated for each treatment. The value of
      patient expectoration following topical F treatment was also evaluated. The tray
      system with an absorptive liner significantly reduced the amount of gross oral
      retained fluoride (p less than 0.01). Expectoration following topical treatment
      with either an APF or thixotropic gel was a significant adjunct in reducing the
      net oral-retained F dose (p less than 0.01). When expectoration is done following
      a topical F treatment, a thixotropic gel may be an added advantage in reducing
      oral F retention and ingestion. We recommend that suction devices be used during
      a topical F treatment, but most importantly that the patient be requested to
      expectorate thoroughly following topical treatment.

PMID- 6582086
TI  - The effect of dental amalgam restorations on blood mercury levels.
AB  - Mercury levels in blood and in mouth air before and after chewing were measured
      in 47 persons with and 14 persons without dental amalgam restorations.
      Questionnaires relating to exogenous sources of mercury exposure were
      administered to both groups. Differences in the mouth air mercury levels before
      and after chewing were statistically significant in the group with amalgams, but
      not in the group without amalgams. Analysis of the data from the questionnaires
      indicated that little or no exogenous exposure to mercury occurred among the two
      groups. Blood mercury concentrations were positively correlated with the number
      and surface area of amalgam restorations and were significantly lower in the
      group without dental amalgams.

PMID- 6582087
TI  - Dielectric properties of glass ionomer cements--further studies.
AB  - Two recent proprietary glass ionomer cements showed that in the early stages of
      set the changes in relative permittivity (dielectric constant) and resistivity
      were rapid. However, when set, measurements indicated that the cements were
      highly ionic and polar and behaved similarly to the glass ionomer cements
      previously reported.

PMID- 6582088
TI  - Auger chemical analysis of oxides on Ni-Cr alloys.
AB  - Oxides formed on four Ni-Cr dental casting alloys in three temperature domains
      and in two different atmospheres were chemically analyzed using the Scanning
      Auger Microprobe. Distributions of Ni and Cr in the oxide layers varied with the
      alloy; oxidation in air resulted in apparently thicker oxide layers than did
      oxidation in a reduced oxygen atmosphere.

PMID- 6582089
TI  - Microprobe and SEM analysis of surface coatings on caries-like lesions in enamel
      after metal ion mordanting and APF application.
AB  - The production of tenacious surface coatings on enamel after metal ion mordanting
      followed by APF has been reported to prevent caries-like lesion initiation in
      vitro. In this study, similar surface coatings, which may be responsible for the
      inhibition of lesion progression, were examined using SEM and microprobe
      analysis. Relatively thick, even surface coatings which were in intimate contact
      with the enamel surface of caries-like lesions were seen after zirconium and iron
      (ferric) pre-treatment, but a thinner and unevenly distributed coating was seen
      after titanium pre-treatment. This latter coating was similar to that seen after
      APF treatment alone. Fluoride concentrations on the surface and in the subsurface
      of caries-like lesions were similar for all treatment groups. The surface
      coatings after zirconium and iron mordanting may be responsible for the greater
      inhibition of lesion progression than that seen after both titanium pre-treatment
      and APF treatment alone.

PMID- 6582090
TI  - Neuraminidase activity: a biochemical marker to distinguish Streptococcus mitis
      from Streptococcus sanguis.
AB  - Selected reference and freshly isolated strains of Streptococcus mitis (mitior)
      and Streptococcus sanguis were assayed for cell-associated neuraminidase activity
      by their ability to hydrolyze [3H-] sialyllactitol. A cell-associated
      neuraminidase was detected with S. mitis and S. sanguis serotype II (reclassified
      as S. mitis) but not with S. sanguis serotypes I and III. Neuraminidase activity
      of S. mitis correlated with this organism's inability to hydrolyze arginine,
      aesculin, and few, if any, sugars. The findings indicate that the presence of
      cell-associated neuraminidase activity is useful for the taxonomic classification
      of S. mitis.

PMID- 6582091
TI  - Tissue repair after condylectomy in growing Macaca fascicularis.
AB  - In order to determine the nature of tissue repair after removal of condyles,
      bilateral condylectomies were performed in seven growing female Macaca
      fascicularis. Two animals underwent condylectomies only, and five animals were
      fitted with maxillary and mandibular splints before undergoing condylectomies.
      One condyle from each condylectomized animal was processed for histologic
      examination. Four animals, with intact condyles, were available as controls: Two
      had splints placed, while the other two did not undergo any treatment. Nine mo
      after surgery, the histology of 12 resection sites and 12 control condyles (seven
      removed at condylectomy and five at death) was compared. In the control condyles,
      hypertrophic cartilage was seen over the entire condylar surface. From the 12
      resection sites, five showed hypertrophic cartilage, non-hypertrophic cartilage
      cells were present in three, and four demonstrated bone apposition and
      resorption. Cartilage was present only at the medial and central aspects of the
      surgical site, and in every specimen, bone was seen at the lateral pole. Two out
      of 12 fossae overlying surgical sites contained hypertrophic cartilage, while the
      five control glenoid fossae showed bone, an intermediate zone, and a fibrous
      capsule. Because of the variety in tissue response and the small number of
      animals in each group, the effect of the splints could not be determined. Based
      on the results of this study, the following was concluded: (1) Regeneration of
      organized hypertrophic cartilage with inherent growth potential can take place
      after condylectomy, albeit not in every instance and only in the medial aspect of
      the stump. In the lateral aspect, and also medially if hypertrophic cartilage
      does not reform, bone is predominant. The original height is not recovered. (2)
      The cartilage of the glenoid fossa is capable of adaptive changes similar to
      those seen in condylar cartilage.

PMID- 6582092
TI  - The anti-cariogenic potential of xylitol in comparison with sodium fluoride in
      rat caries experiments.
AB  - Previous rat caries experiments in our laboratory demonstrated an anti-cariogenic
      and most probably a remineralizing effect of xylitol. The purpose of the present
      study was to compare the caries-inhibiting property of xylitol and fluoride in
      drinking water. The study consisted of two experiments with Osborne-Mendel rats,
      superinfected with S. mutans. In the first experiment, the rats were fed ad
      libitum a cariogenic diet containing 20% sucrose and 5% glucose (diet SSP 20/5)
      and tap water containing 0%, 2%, or 4% xylitol. An additional control group was
      fed diet SSP 20/5 supplemented with 5% xylitol. In the second experiment, the
      rats were also fed diet SSP 20/5, but received tap water, demineralized water
      (both containing less than 0.1 ppm F-), or tap water containing 10 and 40 ppm
      fluoride. Some animals in the 4% xylitol drinking water group showed a mild
      osmotic diarrhea for the first four days and a retarded increase in body weight
      of limited duration. S. mutans colonized to a similar level in all groups of both
      experiments. Fluoride as well as xylitol in the drinking water reduced the
      fissure caries scores significantly. However, 10 and 40 ppm fluoride had a more
      pronounced inhibiting effect on the caries experience than did 4% xylitol in the
      drinking water or 5% xylitol in the diet.

PMID- 6582093
TI  - Induction of immunological tolerance by oral administration of nickel and
      chromium.
AB  - Oral administration of nickel-chromium to guinea pigs by way of a fixed occlusal
      splint, or the incorporation of metallic powder or salts into the pelleted food,
      did not induce hypersensitivity to these metals. In addition, a subsequent
      attempt to immunize the pre-treated guinea pigs failed in most animals, whereas
      non-pre-treated guinea pigs became clearly hypersensitive. These results show
      that oral administration of nickel and chromium induced a state of (partial)
      tolerance to both metals.

PMID- 6582094
TI  - Nitrous oxide analgesia: a psychophysical evaluation using verbal descriptor
      scaling.
AB  - The effect of 33% nitrous oxide/67% oxygen was compared with 100% oxygen and air
      on verbal reports of either sensory intensity or unpleasantness of sensations
      associated with painful electrical tooth pulp stimulation. Forty-eight subjects
      used words describing the sensory intensity (i.e., weak, mild, strong) or degree
      of unpleasantness (i.e., annoying, unpleasant, distressing) to assess the
      sensations produced by a broad range of tooth pulp stimuli. Within the
      experimental session, a given subject assessed the painful sensations under all
      three treatments delivered through a nasal inhaler in a double-blind manner. The
      incorporation of within-subject placebo (nasal inhaler + air) and active placebo
      (nasal inhaler + oxygen) controls allowed for rigorous assessment of the
      components of nitrous oxide analgesia. The results of this study suggest that 33%
      nitrous oxide analgesia reduces the intensity but not the unpleasantness of
      painful tooth pulp sensations. Further, 100% oxygen provides no analgesic effect.

PMID- 6582095
TI  - Enamel fluoride uptake and acid resistance in subjects with high and low
      experimental cariogenicity.
AB  - The response of bovine enamel to intra-oral cariogenic environments was studied
      in human volunteers. Enamel slabs were mounted in dentures and treated with
      either 10% sucrose or 10% sucrose plus 20 ppm fluoride mouthrinses for one minute
      five times daily. After one week, these enamel slabs were studied for change in
      surface hardness and for the degree of fluoride incorporation, or for their
      resistance to acid acquired by the intra-oral exposure. Among the eight subjects,
      those with the highest experimental cariogenicity exhibited the highest benefit
      of enamel from the fluoride in terms of fluoride incorporation and in their
      resistance to the subsequent acid test. The results suggest that cariogenic
      activity and fluoride will synergistically improve the tooth resistance to
      subsequent attack, apparently through mineral exchange that favors the formation
      of acid-resistant minerals with high fluoride content within enamel lesions.

PMID- 6582096
TI  - The structure of a commercial dental Ag-Pd-Cu-Au casting alloy.
AB  - The structure of a commercial dental Ag-Pd-Cu-Au casting alloy has been studied
      by microprobe and X-ray diffraction analyses after various heat treatments. The
      composition of phases in equilibrium was established. After being annealed at 400
      degrees C, 500 degrees C, and 600 degrees C for seven wk, the alloy consisted of
      three phases: a Cu- and Pd-rich fee phase (alpha 1) with alpha = 0.372nm, a Ag
      rich matrix (alpha 2) with alpha = 0.399nm, and an ordered CsCl-type bcc PdCu
      phase with alpha = 0.296nm. The PdCu phase was not observed above 600 degrees C,
      and the proportion of the alpha 1 phase decreased sharply above 700 degrees C.
      After being annealed at 900 degrees C, the alloy matrix was partly decomposed at
      the Cu-enriched grain boundaries. The decomposed areas grew into the grain
      interior during subsequent precipitation hardening. No segregation of Au was
      detected after casting, and the element was evenly distributed throughout the
      alloy structure after all heat treatments.

PMID- 6582097
TI  - Tear strength of non-aqueous impression materials.
AB  - Examples from each of the four major groups of dental impression materials
      (polysulfides, polyethers, condensation polysiloxanes, and addition
      polysiloxanes) were subjected to a trouser-leg tear test. Tear energies were
      determined, and materials were ranked with respect to each other. Polysulfides
      displayed the highest tear energy, while condensation polysiloxanes were the
      lowest, with the addition polysiloxanes occupying an intermediate position.

PMID- 6582098
TI  - Long-term F release from glass ionomer cements.
AB  - Fluoride release from three commercial glass ionomer filling cements and three
      glass ionomer luting cements was measured in the laboratory over a 12-month
      period. Fluoride release from these glass ionomer cements was compared with that
      released from a silicate, silicophosphate, and a fluoride-containing
      polycarboxylate cement. The fluoride released from the glass ionomer cements
      throughout the one-year period was similar, both in quantity and pattern, to that
      released by the silicate cement. The silicophosphate cement tended to release
      fluoride in somewhat lesser amounts, while the amount of fluoride released by the
      polycarboxylate was negligible after the first few days. Analysis of these data
      indicates that these glass ionomer cements probably possess anticariogenic
      properties similar to those of silicate cement.

PMID- 6582099
TI  - Rat intestinal vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein: immunocytochemical
      localization in incisor ameloblasts.
AB  - Antiserum raised against the 10,000-Dalton vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding
      protein (CaBP10) from rat intestine was used to localize CaBP10
      immunocytochemically in histological sections of rat mandible using an indirect
      immunoperoxidase method. Ameloblasts in the zone of maturation, along the
      continuously erupting incisor, contained CaBP10 throughout their cytoplasm. It
      was present in both smooth-ended ameloblasts and ruffle-ended ameloblasts. CaBP10
      was not found in earlier developmental stages of ameloblasts or in other cells
      involved in tooth formation, i.e., odontoblasts, pulpal cells, cells of the
      stellate reticulum, papillary layer, and outer dental epithelium. The presence of
      CaBP10 in ameloblasts suggests that the vitamin D-endocrine system may have a
      direct effect on tooth formation in addition to the indirect effect of
      maintaining the required levels of serum calcium and phosphorus required for
      mineralization.

PMID- 6582100
TI  - Inhibition of seeded growth of enamel apatite crystals by amelogenin and enamelin
      proteins in vitro.
AB  - The effect of enamel matrix proteins on the seeded growth of enamel apatite
      crystals was studied in stable supersaturated solutions at pH 7.4 and 37 degrees
      C. Of the two major protein classes in the enamel matrix, the enamelins were
      considerably more effective than the amelogenins in retarding seeded growth.
      However, the amelogenin species that did show significant inhibitory activity are
      those known to be lost first from the enamel matrix during the rapid
      mineralization stage of enamel maturation.

PMID- 6582101
TI  - International Association for Dental Research. IADR abstracts 1984.

PMID- 6582102
TI  - Establishing a financial counseling and debt management program at Georgetown
      University School of Dentistry.
AB  - The financial counseling and debt management program described in this paper
      represents a model that, with modification, could be used in other dental
      schools. This model, developed specifically for Georgetown University dental
      students, is based on average economic profiles, average parental income and
      contribution, employment opportunities in the Washington area, and the average
      first-year starting salaries of recent graduates. Any dental school considering
      such a program should base its model on the profile of its students. It is
      essential that schools, students, and families begin to address the reality of
      indebtedness effectively. Creative measures can be taken to ensure that debt
      levels are manageable and that graduates can realize a return on their dental
      school investment.

PMID- 6582103
TI  - The use of affective assessment to plan and evaluate instructional changes.
AB  - Affective assessment has been used extensively in dental education to gain
      valuable information from student attitudes; however, it has rarely been used as
      an instrument for systematically evaluating courses in order to plan
      instructional changes. In this investigation, affective assessment was used to
      plan and subsequently evaluate instructional changes in a restorative dentistry
      laboratory course. Affective assessment was used initially to determine attitudes
      concerning the laboratory course as well as the effect of an experimental program
      conducted during the course. Based on that assessment, changes were made in the
      course and the experimental program. Affective assessment was again employed the
      following year to determine the effect of the instructional and methodological
      changes. This study serves as a model for dental educators who would like to
      employ a systematic and practical approach to planning and evaluating
      instructional change through affective assessment.

PMID- 6582104
TI  - Career development subsequent to general practice training.
AB  - Career development after graduation from the advanced program in general
      dentistry at the Eastman Dental Center was studied by means of a mail survey. The
      majority of those who graduated (63.2 percent) over a ten-year period (1971-1981)
      practiced general dentistry. Fewer graduates specialized in recent years.
      Performance criteria in dental school or in the advanced training program could
      not predict later specialization. Dental school performance also proved to be of
      minimal value in determining who pursued an advanced degree or became involved in
      teaching. However, those exhibiting better performance in the advanced program in
      general dentistry often pursued advanced degrees, research, or teaching.
      Approximately 55 percent of those who graduated from this advanced program during
      the ten-year period were involved in full- or part-time teaching, and 35 percent
      were involved in research.

PMID- 6582105
TI  - A comparison of rectangular and cylindrical collimation for intraoral
      radiographs.
AB  - This study was conducted to compare the type and frequency of cone-cuts that
      occur with rectangular and cylindrical collimation in dental radiography. Thirty
      eight hundred radiographs, half made with cylindrical cones and half made with
      rectangular cones, were examined for major and minor cone-cuts. A total of 156
      cone-cuts was found. Thirty-three of these were of the major category, 86 percent
      of which occurred with rectangular collimation. Although cone-cuts appeared much
      more frequently when a rectangular cone was used, a significant reduction in
      useless radiation makes this type of collimation a worthwhile consideration.

PMID- 6582106
TI  - A method for training endodontic evaluators.

PMID- 6582107
TI  - Using principles of human development in teaching geriatric dentistry.

PMID- 6582108
TI  - First-year enrollment reductions: the applicant decline and revenue loss.

PMID- 6582109
TI  - 61st AADS (American Association of Dental Schools) annual session. March 11-14,
      1984, Dallas, Texas. Abstracts of educational research and new programs
      presentations.

PMID- 6582110
TI  - Dentistry's blueprint for the future. A report on the strategic plan developed by
      the Association's Special Committee on the Future of Dentistry.

PMID- 6582111
TI  - Dr. Oliver: future report benefits dentistry.

PMID- 6582112
TI  - Historical antecedents of dental anxiety.
AB  - Our data are based on retrospective self-reported answers of college students. To
      what extent do these answers accurately reflect the feelings of an actual
      clinical sample of dental patients? Although there is little direct evidence, a
      number of observations suggest that in the area of dental anxiety, college
      populations closely approximate the self-reported answers of the general
      population. The average level of dental anxiety in an actual clinical sample also
      appears to be remarkably similar to the average level of dental anxiety among a
      sample of college students. Kleinknecht and Bernstein found that, on a 1 to 5
      scale, dental patients reported a mean level of dental anxiety of 2.31, and that
      when the identical question was used in a college population, the average level
      of dental anxiety was 2.47. In our sample, the mean level of dental anxiety was a
      similar 2.4 on a 0 to 6 scale. Obviously, self-reported answers are subject to
      distortions. However, it is important that these perceptions can still have a
      powerful bearing on the behaviors and feelings of patients. A number of
      observations and hypotheses about the historical origins of dental anxiety were
      confirmed. Some of these findings have direct clinical implications for the
      prevention of dental anxiety by dentists or treatment by psychologists. For
      example, high dentally anxious subjects are more concerned with and feel more
      ashamed about telling their dentist that they are dentally anxious. It may be
      helpful for dentists to provide an open forum about the patient's
      concern.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6582113
TI  - Acid and water solubility and strength of calcium hydroxide bases.
AB  - The solubility in water and 37% phosphoric acid, and compressive strength of four
      brands of hard-setting calcium hydroxide base materials were studied. Results
      were highly variable among brands and no correlations appeared to exist between
      properties studied. One product was significantly different from the others with
      regard to acid solubility and compressive strength.

PMID- 6582114
TI  - Factors affecting the marginal leakage of amalgam.
AB  - On the basis of reports of an increased incidence of postoperative sensitivity
      associated with the use of a particular spherical amalgam alloy, an investigation
      of in vitro marginal leakage was initiated. An air pressure test was applied to
      simulated Class I restorations made from this alloy and a control alloy. Factors
      such as mix plasticity, condensation force, and condensation technique also were
      examined. The results showed that the spherical alloy in question had a greater
      tendency for marginal leakage than the control alloy. For both alloys studied,
      the following factors are important in reducing marginal leakage: increased
      plasticity of the mix; increased condensation force; condensation of each
      increment directly along or against cavity walls in overlapping thrusts; and
      burnishing the amalgam after condensation. Although it is not known what
      percentage of postoperative sensitivity is caused by leakage of amalgam
      restorations, the results of this study indicate that leakage can be minimized by
      using optimum amalgam manipulative procedures and that a reduced incidence of
      postoperative sensitivity is likely to result.

PMID- 6582115
TI  - A current study of mottled enamel in Texas.
AB  - Enamel mottling is strongly associated with the water fluoride level of the
      community water supply. About 32% of the variation in the mottled enamel scores
      of subjects aged 7 to 12 was attributable to their community's water fluoride
      level. Objectionable mottling (moderate mottling) occurred at 2.3 times the
      currently accepted optimum water fluoride level. Subjects with incomes less than
      $10,000 have slightly more mottling (mostly moderate mottling) than subjects from
      higher income families. It should be emphasized that the effect of gender, ethnic
      group, or family income on enamel mottling is small compared with the effect of
      water fluoride level. Although many other personal and water supply
      characteristics were evaluated, virtually none of the remaining variation in
      mottled enamel scores could be attributed to any of these characteristics.

PMID- 6582116
TI  - Factor analysis of the dental fear survey with cross-validation.
AB  - Factor analysis of the Dental Fear Survey disclosed three stable and reliable
      factors. The first factor related to patterns of dental avoidance and
      anticipatory anxiety. The second factor related to fear associated with specific
      dental stimuli and procedures. Factor three concerned felt physiologic arousal
      during dental treatment. Cross validation showed these three factors to be
      consistent across four demographically and geographically diverse groups.

PMID- 6582117
TI  - Management of the questionable carious fissure: invasive vs noninvasive
      techniques.

PMID- 6582118
TI  - Changing specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

PMID- 6582119
TI  - Oral microbial infection.

PMID- 6582120
TI  - Work loss among practicing dentists.
AB  - This report provides data on the amount of time lost and the reasons for time
      lost from dental practice for a group of 850 clinical practitioners. Results
      indicate that during 1981 dentists lost an average of 29 days: 2 for illness, 17
      for vacation, 5 for professional meetings, and about 5 for other reasons. It was
      also shown that time off for illness, vacation, and professional meetings
      increases with the age of the dentist. Differences were noted between general
      practitioners and specialists, with general practitioners taking more time off
      for vacation, but less time off for professional meetings than specialists. In
      the younger and middle-age groups, general practitioners missed more time because
      of illness than specialists. However, the figures for both groups are much less
      than the average of five days lost because of medical illness reported for the
      average worker. A positive relationship between total mean number of days off for
      all reasons and perceived busyness was also reported. Days off for vacation and
      professional meetings were the most sensitive to increases in busyness.

PMID- 6582121
TI  - Dental fees charged by general practitioners and selected specialists in the
      United States, 1982. Bureau of Economic and Behavioral Research.

PMID- 6582123
TI  - [Electron microscopic observations of the matrix fibrils, especially Korff's
      fibrils, in early dentin formation].

PMID- 6582122
TI  - Multiple papillary projections on the alveolar mucosa and palate.
AB  - A patient with inflammatory papillary hyperplasia of the palate and edentulous
      ridges was treated by electrosurgery. The clinical and microscopic appearance of
      inflammatory papillary hyperplasia is discussed as well as the causes, treatment,
      and prevention.

PMID- 6582124
TI  - [Effect on the masticatory rhythm during EMG of the placement of a primary
      crown].

PMID- 6582125
TI  - [Statistical inference from the dental color analyzer. 1. An inferential
      correlation between upper and lower teeth].

PMID- 6582126
TI  - [Color correspondence between upper anterior teeth and premolars based on data
      from the dental color analyzer].

PMID- 6582127
TI  - [Effect of Myo-monitor pulsing on jaw opening in patients with trismus].

PMID- 6582128
TI  - [The representation of interocclusal record materials to dentate patients.
      Critical study on dental casts].

PMID- 6582129
TI  - [Clinical results of 100 teeth after apicoectomy].

PMID- 6582130
TI  - [Relation between the hypothalamus and acupuncture suppression of the jaw opening
      reflex].

PMID- 6582132
TI  - Case of the month. Swelling in the anterior region of the maxilla.

PMID- 6582131
TI  - [Tooth germ transplantation in the dog. Histopathological and physico-chemical
      observations].

PMID- 6582133
TI  - Interpret your x-ray. Moderate pain in the lower left second molar.

PMID- 6582134
TI  - Dental caries preventive effect of sodium fluoride and acidulated fluoride
      phosphate. 1 1/2 years clinical trial.

PMID- 6582135
TI  - Cementum in periodontal disease.

PMID- 6582136
TI  - Microbiological evaluation of non-vital teeth.

PMID- 6582137
TI  - Comparison of silver amalgam, glass ionomer cement & gutta percha as retrofilling
      materials, an in vivo & an in vitro study.

PMID- 6582138
TI  - Case of the month. A papillary growth.

PMID- 6582139
TI  - Interpret your x-ray. A large swelling in the mandibular left posterior region.

PMID- 6582140
TI  - Evaluation of pulp vitality using thermistor thermometer and electric pulp
      tester.

PMID- 6582141
TI  - Microbial flora in dental caries.

PMID- 6582142
TI  - Determination of residual monomer in polymerised acrylic denture base resins.

PMID- 6582143
TI  - Removal of a broken hypodermic needle (a case report).

PMID- 6582144
TI  - Tuberculous osteomyelitis of the mandible. A case report.

PMID- 6582145
TI  - Case of the month. Generalized swelling of the gingiva.

PMID- 6582146
TI  - Interpret your x-rays. Lower anterior region 'mass'.

PMID- 6582147
TI  - Challenges of Alma Ata Declaration vis-a-vis Indian dentistry.

PMID- 6582148
TI  - Cephalometric appraisal of long face syndrome.

PMID- 6582149
TI  - Shovel-shaped permanent incisors among the people of Gulbarga, Karnataka.

PMID- 6582150
TI  - Study on role of serum calcium in periodontitis simplex.

PMID- 6582151
TI  - Congenital afibrinogenemia with osteomyelitis of mandible.

PMID- 6582152
TI  - Interpret your x-rays. A swelling on the palate.

PMID- 6582154
TI  - The calcifying odontogenic cyst.

PMID- 6582153
TI  - Quantitative assay of bradykinin from human normal and inflamed gingiva (a
      biochemical study).

PMID- 6582155
TI  - Mandibular fracture in a 4-week old infant (a case report).

PMID- 6582156
TI  - A completely inverted impacted mandibular second premolar (a case report).

PMID- 6582157
TI  - Significance of radiographic examination of soft tissues in lip injuries.

PMID- 6582158
TI  - Dens evaginatus. A case report.

PMID- 6582159
TI  - Transposition of canine with traumatic etiology.

PMID- 6582160
TI  - Recovery of silver and mercury from silver-tin amalgam discarded in dental
      clinics and its economics.

PMID- 6582161
TI  - Over-retention of multiple deciduous teeth due to functional adaptation (a case
      report).

PMID- 6582162
TI  - Case of the month. Gingival enlargement.

PMID- 6582164
TI  - Attritional occlusion and periodontal health.

PMID- 6582163
TI  - Interpret your x-rays. A dull ache in the lower left posterior region.

PMID- 6582165
TI  - Malignant chondroma.

PMID- 6582166
TI  - Orthodontic management of canine transposition.

PMID- 6582167
TI  - Neurilemmoma of the floor of the mouth. A case report.

PMID- 6582168
TI  - An unusual fusion of three teeth. A case report.

PMID- 6582169
TI  - ABC's periodontics. "C" is for clinical examination.

PMID- 6582170
TI  - Marginal leakage of composite resins as related to time of finishing: a
      laboratory study.

PMID- 6582172
TI  - [The 15th meeting of the Japan Dental Association/71st FDI (Federation Dentaire
      Internationale). International Dental Conference 14-20 November 1983, Tokyo
      Japan. Abstracts].

PMID- 6582171
TI  - Thermochemotherapy for malignant melanoma: combination therapy of ACNU and
      hyperthermia in mice.
AB  - B16 melanoma (mouse melanoma) and C24 melanoma (human malignant melanoma)
      transplanted in mice were treated by a combined therapy of ACNU [1-(4-amino-2
      methyl - 5 - pyrimidinyl) - methyl - 3 - (2 - chlorethyl) - 3 - nitrosourea
      hydrochloride] (10 mg/kg) and hyperthermia (43 degrees C, 30 min). In both types
      of melanoma, a marked synergistic effect of the combined therapy was noted.
      Particularly in C24 melanoma a reduction in the size of tumor was observed.
      Histopathologic findings revealed a strong degeneration such as destruction of
      the tumor structure and vacuolization of nuclei.

PMID- 6582173
TI  - [Histopathological study of gingival discoloration caused by silver alloy metal
      in rats].

PMID- 6582174
TI  - [Glycylprolyl dipeptidylaminopeptidase in peritoneal exudates of guinea pig
      stimulated by Bacteroides gingivalis].

PMID- 6582175
TI  - [Effects of toothbrushing on the composition of subgingival microbial flora].

PMID- 6582176
TI  - [Access to subgingival plaque by direct drug delivery].

PMID- 6582177
TI  - [Plaque-removing effect of small-headed toothbrushes].

PMID- 6582178
TI  - [Wrapping of occlusal Prescale for occlusal examination].

PMID- 6582179
TI  - [Epidemiological survey of periodontal disease (2)].

PMID- 6582181
TI  - Proceedings of the Sixth British Academic Conference in Otolaryngology. Bristol,
      24-29 July 1983.

PMID- 6582180
TI  - Laryngology applied to singers and actors.

PMID- 6582182
TI  - Conservative neck dissection.

PMID- 6582183
TI  - Radical neck dissection. Preservation of function of the shoulder.

PMID- 6582184
TI  - Septoplasty v SMR.

PMID- 6582185
TI  - Septoplasty v SMR.

PMID- 6582186
TI  - Epistaxis: some observations on conservative management.

PMID- 6582187
TI  - The role of arterial ligation in intractable epistaxis.

PMID- 6582188
TI  - Iatrogenic surgical trauma in otology.

PMID- 6582189
TI  - Reconstructive techniques following laryngectomy. Who needs reconstruction?

PMID- 6582191
TI  - Surgical measures in post-laryngectomy speech rehabilitation.

PMID- 6582190
TI  - Voice preservation and restoration in advanced laryngopharyngeal cancer--the
      northwestern experience.

PMID- 6582192
TI  - Otology quiz.

PMID- 6582193
TI  - Otology quiz.

PMID- 6582195
TI  - Quiet labyrinthine complications from otitis media.

PMID- 6582194
TI  - Significance of pneumatization in sequelae of otitis.

PMID- 6582196
TI  - Adhesive otitis media.

PMID- 6582197
TI  - Tympanosclerosis.

PMID- 6582198
TI  - Principles of management for sequelae of otitis.

PMID- 6582199
TI  - Conservative management of Bell's palsy.

PMID- 6582200
TI  - Small fenestra vs large fenestra.

PMID- 6582201
TI  - Otosclerosis: small hole technique.

PMID- 6582202
TI  - Cochlear otosclerosis. An intractable absurdity.

PMID- 6582203
TI  - Cochlear otosclerosis.

PMID- 6582204
TI  - Meniere's disease.

PMID- 6582205
TI  - Surgical treatment of Meniere's disease.

PMID- 6582206
TI  - The combined approach for tympanoplasty.

PMID- 6582208
TI  - Treatment of carcinoma of floor of mouth.

PMID- 6582207
TI  - The canal wall up or down debate. The case for the canal wall down.

PMID- 6582210
TI  - A clinico-pathologic presentation.

PMID- 6582209
TI  - Carcinoma of the floor of the mouth.

PMID- 6582211
TI  - Third party carrier's role in sealant use.

PMID- 6582212
TI  - Drug costs and dental practice.

PMID- 6582213
TI  - Blood dyscrasia evolving into acute lymphoblastic leukemia following ingestion of
      phenylbutazone, indomethacin, dexamethasone and prednisolone.

PMID- 6582215
TI  - Therapeutic alternatives and clinical outcomes in peritonsillitis.
AB  - A retrospective study was conducted on 32 patients with the discharge diagnosis
      of peritonsillar abscess or peritonsillar cellulitis. Three had pre-existing
      chronic conditions that may have contributed to the peritonsillitis. The average
      duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis was 7.4 days. Most patients responded to
      penicillin given parenterally until the patient were able to take medication
      orally. Pus was obtained in 88 percent of the patients who underwent drainage
      procedures. Eight patients were treated with parenteral antibiotics without
      drainage, including three from whom pus was aspirated. All eight recovered
      without complication. The most common organism cultured was beta-hemolytic
      streptococcus, group A (seen in 31 percent). There was no association between the
      dose or type of oral antibiotic used prior to diagnosis of peritonsillar
      cellulitis. The clinical outcome suggests that some patients with peritonsillitis
      may respond to parenteral antibiotics without drainage procedures or
      tonsillectomy.

PMID- 6582216
TI  - Prostaglandins and preovulatory follicular maturation in mice.
AB  - Experiments have been carried out in an effort to reverse the indomethacin
      induced inhibition of preovulatory follicular development in immature
      superovulated mice utilizing prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha. All mice were primed
      with 5 IU pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin followed 40 h later by 80 IU
      luteinizing hormone (LH). Animals were sacrificed 10 1/2 or 11 1/2-12 h post-LH,
      at which time ovaries were fixed and prepared for microscopic observation.
      Control mice receiving both indomethacin and prostaglandin (PG) vehicles averaged
      92% germinal vesicle breakdown, and 82% of maturing oocytes were surrounded by an
      expanded cumulus oophorus. Ovarian weight increased by 29% and the apical walls
      of preovulatory follicles demonstrated appreciable thinning following LH
      administration. In mice receiving indomethacin plus PG vehicle, follicular
      maturation was suppressed in a dose-dependent manner; in mice receiving 10 mg/kg,
      less than 50% of the oocytes resumed meiosis and, of these, only 9% were
      accompanied by cumulus expansion. Ovarian weight gain was also inhibited, and the
      apical follicle wall exhibited few signs of preovulatory thinning. PGE2 and PGF2
      alpha both reversed the inhibition of cumulus and oocyte maturation induced by
      indomethacin, though PGE2 was more effective. Only PGF2 alpha promoted apical
      follicular thinning, and neither PG had a significant effect on ovarian weight.
      We conclude that, in mice, PGs may play an integral role during preovulatory
      maturation of the oocyte and cumulus, as well as thinning of the apical wall.

PMID- 6582214
TI  - Antibody producing human-human hybridomas. II. Derivation and characterization of
      an antibody specific for human leukemia cells.
AB  - Human-human hybridoma technology was used to immortalize human B lymphocytes from
      patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to study the antigenic repertoire of
      the humoral immune response against the patients' own leukemia cells and against
      leukemic cells from other patients. Nine fusions were done with lymphocytes from
      seven AML patients, and all with the human RH-L4 B lymphoma line as malignant
      fusion partner. A total of 305 Ig-producing hybrids were obtained. 26 reacted
      with cell surface components on AML cells, but 21 were found not to be specific
      for leukemia cells, when screened for reactivity against a panel of normal and
      malignant cells of both human and murine origin. Five hybridomas secreted Ig with
      high specificity for human leukemia cells, but only one hybridoma culture, aml
      18, was stable in respect to Ig-production and growth upon repeated clonings and
      expansion in liquid cultures. A method was developed to grow human hybridomas as
      ascites tumors in nude mice, but the ascites fluid did not contain increased
      amount of antibody. The reactivity of the aml-18 antibody (gamma, kappa) was
      analyzed against samples of mononuclear cells from peripheral blood of 63
      patients with leukemia and with cytologically verified leukemia cells in the
      blood. 22 of 54 AML samples reacted with aml-18. The reactivity pattern was not
      correlated to any categories of the French-American-British (FAB) classification;
      two of four ALL were positive. Moreover, a pronounced intratumoral antigenic
      heterogeneity in regard to aml-18 reactivity was seen and indicates a high degree
      of diversity in the immunological phenotype within individual AML cell
      populations. The study demonstrates that some patients with AML generate an
      immune response against their autologous malignant cells, and that the antigenic
      determinant in the case of aml-18 is also expressed specifically on leukemic
      cells from other patients.

PMID- 6582217
TI  - Vectorcardiographic indicators of pulmonary hypertension in mitral regurgitation.

PMID- 6582218
TI  - An outbreak of hepatitis A in junior college students verified by IgM hepatitis A
      antibody testing.

PMID- 6582219
TI  - [Serum beta-glucuronidase activities in diabetic patients].

PMID- 6582220
TI  - [Appraisal of the efficacy of hyposensitization in extrinsic asthmatics].

PMID- 6582221
TI  - The location of the mandibular hinge axis in Chinese adults.

PMID- 6582222
TI  - [Computed tomographic classification and results of rehabilitation in spontaneous
      putaminal hemorrhage].

PMID- 6582223
TI  - [Clinical experience of applying shortwave diathermy over the piriformis in
      sciatic patients].

PMID- 6582224
TI  - Effects of cascade tower removal on resistance and humidification.

PMID- 6582225
TI  - Infantile digital fibromatosis--a case report: an electron microscope study.

PMID- 6582226
TI  - [Primary hyperlipoproteinemia type V complicated by acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 6582227
TI  - A partial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 20.

PMID- 6582228
TI  - Hereditary spastic paraplegia: a clinical and genetic study of cases in the north
      east of England.
AB  - Patients in the north-east of England with hereditary spastic paraplegia and
      their immediate families were examined clinically and studied for evidence of
      linkage or association with polymorphic genetic systems. There were no observable
      clinical differences between patients with and without a positive family history.
      Family histories were compatible with autosomal dominant transmission, there was
      no evidence of linkage with any system, but there was a significant association
      with HLA-A1.

PMID- 6582229
TI  - 3 alpha-Hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase in rat brain.
AB  - We describe a simple procedure for the microassay of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid
      oxidoreductase in homogenates of rat brain. This enzyme converts
      dihydrotestosterone to 3 alpha-androstandiol. We have mapped the distribution of
      the enzymatic activity in 14 regions of the rat brain. The highest activities
      were observed in homogenates of olfactory bulb (51/nmol/mg protein/h) and
      olfactory tubercle (29 nmol/mg protein/h). Substantially lower values were seen
      in the other brain regions, including thalamus, caudate nucleus, frontal cortex,
      hippocampus, hypothalamus, and preoptic area (6-20 nmol/mg protein/h).

PMID- 6582230
TI  - A clinical study of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome in the United Kingdom.
AB  - The clinical features of 53 British-born patients with Gilles de la Tourette
      syndrome are described. The mean age at onset of body tics was seven years and
      for vocalisations 11 years. Coprolalia was present in 39%, copropraxia in 21%,
      echolalia in 46% and echopraxia in 21%. Complicated antics and mannerisms were
      also common, often involving the compulsive touching of objects or self-injurious
      behaviour. Forty-six per cent of cases had a family history of tics in a single
      close relative and in two individuals a further member of the family had Gilles
      de la Tourette syndrome. Focal dystonia was present in four patients who had
      never received neuroleptics drugs and chorea was seen in two other untreated
      patients. In three patients acoustic startle consistently induced brief eye blink
      followed by a whole body jerk or jump. Rapid repetitive movements of the hands
      increased the frequency and severity of tics in 13 patients, but the performance
      of mental arithmetic under time pressure had a much more unpredictable effect.
      Electroencephalographic abnormalities occurred in eight (13%) but no definite CT
      brain scan abnormalities were detected. The incidence of left handedness did not
      differ from that in the general population and no evidence to suggest organic
      impairment was found on neuropsychological testing. This study provides no
      support for the notion that Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a degenerative
      disorder of the central nervous system but provides some evidence for
      heterogeneity.

PMID- 6582231
TI  - Harrington rod stabilization for pathological fractures of the spine.
AB  - Nineteen patients with tumors involving the thoracolumbar spine were treated by
      Harrington rod stabilization following laminectomy. Sixteen patients had
      metastatic neoplasms, and three had primary tumors of the vertebral column. In
      five patients, extensive decompressive laminectomy and Harrington distraction
      rods to provide immediate stability were used as initial treatment; postoperative
      irradiation was then given. All five patients were ambulatory, and the four
      patients with preoperative pain all noted relief of pain following treatment. The
      remaining 14 patients had received radiation therapy to the spine prior to
      surgery; in these 14, indications for surgery included a combination of pain and
      weakness (10 patients), pain alone (two patients), or weakness alone (two
      patients). Of 12 patients with preoperative pain, after surgery pain relief was
      noted in nine patients, and eight were ambulatory. Major wound breakdowns
      occurred in two of the 14 patients who had received radiation prior to surgery.
      These results suggest that Harrington rod instrumentation is useful in providing
      postoperative stability and restoring alignment following laminectomy for tumors
      involving the spine, but carries an increased risk of wound-related complications
      if used in a previously irradiated region.

PMID- 6582232
TI  - Zinc deficiency affects neither platelet arachidonic acid metabolism nor platelet
      aggregation in rats.
AB  - The effects of zinc deficiency on arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism and platelet
      aggregation were studied in rats. Concentrations of AA metabolites synthesized by
      collagen-stimulated platelets were greater in rats fed a zinc-deficient diet (ZD
      group) than pair-fed control rats (PF group). This difference appeared to be due
      to increased platelet number in the ZD group. Preincubation of platelet-rich
      plasma of ZD group with various concentrations of zinc sulfate, prior to the
      aggregation induced by collagen suspension, Affected neither concentrations of AA
      metabolites nor the degree of platelet aggregation. Contrary to a report by other
      investigators, ADP-induced platelet aggregation was not impaired in rats fed the
      zinc-deficient diet for 1 week or 5 days as compared to the pair-fed controls.
      Secondary phase aggregation was not observed during ADP-induced platelet
      aggregation regardless of concentrations of ADP, types and concentrations of
      anticoagulants used, routes of blood collection or types of dietary protein in
      this study. These results indicated that zinc deficiency does not seem to affect
      arachidonic acid metabolism or platelet aggregation in rats in relatively short
      term studies.

PMID- 6582234
TI  - Perturbation of cobalt 60 radiation doses by metal objects implanted during oral
      and maxillofacial surgery.
AB  - The influence on cobalt 60 dose distributions of typical metal parts used in oral
      and maxillofacial surgery was studied. Relative doses were determined by exposing
      x-ray films in a polystyrene phantom set-up containing samples of Vitallium,
      titanium, and stainless steel. Optical densities were converted to doses with the
      aid of sensitometric curves. The results show that for normal incidence there is
      a 25% to 40% increase in dose at the entrance side of the metal and a 20% to 25%
      decrease in dose at the exit side. The enhancement effect falls off rapidly and
      becomes negligible at about 1 mm from the interface. The reduction effect
      decreases more gradually and is still evident at distances of a few centimeters.
      These dose perturbations should be taken into account in the planning of
      radiation therapy for patients in whom metal objects have been implanted.

PMID- 6582233
TI  - Complications after mandibular sagittal split osteotomy.
AB  - Sagittal split osteotomy has been performed routinely for correction of
      mandibular prognathism, retrognathia, mild open bite, and asymmetry.
      Intraoperative and early or late postoperative complications were evaluated in
      258 patients operated on by this technique. With meticulous performance of the
      operation and long-term maxillomandibular fixation, complications can be
      negligible, and relapse, the most problematic postoperative issue, can be
      significantly reduced.

PMID- 6582236
TI  - Reevaluation of the lingual split-bone technique for removal of impacted
      mandibular third molars.

PMID- 6582235
TI  - The effects of alcohol and cetylpyridinium chloride on the buccal mucosa of the
      hamster.
AB  - The effects of alcohol and cetylpyridinium chloride on normal and abraded hamster
      buccal pouches were studied in 23 study and 23 control animals over 21
      consecutive days. No significant differences were found between the control and
      study animals, both groups having normal cheek pouch mucosa at the end of the
      study period.

PMID- 6582237
TI  - Clinicopathologic conference. Case 48, part II: Aneurysmal bone cyst of the
      mandible.

PMID- 6582238
TI  - Intraosseous lipogranuloma presenting with mental nerve paresthesia.

PMID- 6582239
TI  - Simultaneous occurrence of an ameloblastoma and a squamous cell carcinoma of the
      mandible.

PMID- 6582240
TI  - Extracorporeal traction for fractures of the middle third of the face.

PMID- 6582241
TI  - A convenient system for irrigating contaminated wounds of the maxillofacial
      region.

PMID- 6582243
TI  - The other side of the coin.

PMID- 6582242
TI  - Prevention of dry socket.

PMID- 6582244
TI  - Evaluation of etidocaine hydrochloride for local anesthesia and postoperative
      pain control in oral surgery.
AB  - Etidocaine hydrochloride, an amide-type local anesthetic with prolonged duration
      of action, was evaluated and compared with a standard local anesthetic,
      lidocaine, to determine its efficacy as a local anesthetic and its effect on
      postoperative pain following removal of impacted third molars. The findings
      indicate that 1.5% etidocaine hydrochloride with 1:200,000 epinephrine, in
      comparison with 2% lidocaine hydrochloride with 1:100,000 epinephrine, suppresses
      the magnitude of postoperative pain, and results in anesthesia comparable with
      that obtained by lidocaine, but results in greater blood loss during surgery.

PMID- 6582245
TI  - Chronic factitious illness: recognition and management of deception.
AB  - Factitious disease is often manifested in the head and neck region. It is only
      when the oral and maxillofacial surgeon is aware of the existence of this
      syndrome and has been unable to correlate a patient's history and signs and
      symptoms with known diseases that factitious illness may be suspected as the
      diagnosis. Three case histories that help to demonstrate the variety of ruses
      used by patients to feign illness are presented. The expertise of a psychiatrist
      will often help to substantiate the diagnosis, but in many instances the main
      aspects of treatment will remain in the hands of the original clinician. It is
      important for clinicians to realize that patients with chronic factitious illness
      are extremely manipulative and unwilling to admit to their fabrications.

PMID- 6582246
TI  - Evaluation of growth hormone release and human growth hormone treatment in
      children with cranial irradiation-associated short stature.
AB  - We studied nine children who had received cranial irradiation for various
      malignancies and subsequently experienced decreased growth velocity. Their
      response to standard growth hormone stimulation and release tests were compared
      with that in seven children with classic GH deficiency and in 24 short normal
      control subjects. With arginine and L-dopa stimulation, six of nine patients who
      received radiation had a normal GH response (greater than 7 ng/ml), whereas by
      design none of the GH deficient and all of the normal children had a positive
      response. Only two of nine patients had a normal response to insulin
      hypoglycemia, with no significant differences in the mean maximal response of the
      radiation and the GH-deficient groups. Pulsatile secretion was not significantly
      different in the radiation and GH-deficient groups, but was different in the
      radiation and normal groups. All subjects in the GH-deficient and radiation
      groups were given human growth hormone for 1 year. Growth velocity increased in
      all, with no significant difference in the response of the two groups when
      comparing the z scores for growth velocity of each subject's bone age. We
      recommend a 6-month trial of hGH in children who have had cranial radiation and
      are in prolonged remission with a decreased growth velocity, as there is no
      completely reliable combination of GH stimulation or release tests to determine
      their response.

PMID- 6582247
TI  - Reduced pulsatile growth hormone secretion in children after therapy for acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Basal growth hormone levels were measured every 20 minutes over 24 hours in eight
      long-term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and in 13 age- and pubertal
      stage-matched normal children. Among the patients, the median total basal growth
      hormone output (AUC) was 43 units, compared with 341 units in the normal control
      group (P less than 0.001). In the patients, mean pulse amplitude (6.9 ng/ml) and
      frequency (4.6) over 24 hours also were reduced, compared with the control values
      (32 ng/ml and 8.5, P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.05, respectively). In
      addition, normal children secreted more GH at night (median AUC 280) than during
      the day (113, P less than 0.001). However, this diurnal pattern was absent in
      three of the patients studied. These data suggest that perturbations of
      spontaneous pulsatile GH secretion are common after standard therapy for ALL and
      may be a sensitive means of detecting therapy-related neuroendocrine damage.
      Blunting of spontaneous pulsatile GH secretion may contribute to the
      abnormalities in growth seen in children with ALL.

PMID- 6582248
TI  - Hypothesis revisited: cystic fibrosis: a disturbance of water and electrolyte
      movement in exocrine secretory tissue associated with altered prostaglandin
      (PGE2) metabolism?
AB  - An earlier hypothesis based on the results of pancreatic studies in cystic
      fibrosis (CF) patients without steatorrhoea suggesting that the basic defect was
      related to an abnormality in control of electrolyte movement, particularly the
      bicarbonate ion, and water in exocrine secretory tissue is reviewed in light of
      recent advances in knowledge of secretory mechanisms. Evidence for defective
      bicarbonate-chloride exchange in a variety of CF exocrine tissues other than the
      pancreas is cited. Recent recognition of the close relationship between
      bicarbonate and mucus secretion and their stimulation by prostaglandin E2 is
      discussed. Consideration is given to the possibility of altered metabolism of
      PGE2 because of abnormal handling of essential fatty acids in CF, and an attempt
      is made to relate such a defect to the recent confirmation of oligosaccharide
      side chain differences such as an increased fucose-sialic acid ratio in CF
      gastrointestinal mucus and other glycoproteins. It is suggested that membrane
      permeability to chloride, bicarbonate-chloride exchange, and movement of water
      through extra- and intracellular exocrine tissues depends on modifications of the
      carbohydrate structure of glycoproteins during secretion and that these changes
      are stimulated by coordination of cell messengers PGE2, calcium, and cyclic AMP.
      Disturbed PGE2 metabolism in CF could inhibit these changes rendering resulting
      secretions dry, concentrated, and readily able to block ducts or tubes.

PMID- 6582249
TI  - Glycogen storage disease: effects of glucose infusions on [15N]glycine kinetics
      and nitrogen metabolism.
AB  - The effects of intragastric glucose infusions on [15N]glycine kinetics and whole
      body protein turnover were investigated in four children with type I and two
      children with type III glycogen storage disease. Either fasting or the
      administration of insufficient glucose was associated with a diminution in the
      glycine pool size relative to values observed when patients received adequate
      glucose. The cause of the smaller pool size was an increased fractional glycine
      turnover. Simultaneous determination of whole body protein turnover, using a
      stochastic model based on [15N]urea excretion, showed higher rates of protein
      synthesis, nitrogen flux, net tissue protein retention, and reutilization of
      amino acid nitrogen derived from protein catabolism, in patients receiving
      sufficient exogenous glucose. Depletion of amino acid pools, presumably because
      of intensive utilization of these gluconeogenic precursors when inadequate
      glucose is administered, was associated with a lower rate of whole body protein
      synthesis.

PMID- 6582251
TI  - Functional orthodontic therapy with the Frankel appliance.

PMID- 6582250
TI  - Limb salvage procedures for children with osteosarcoma: an alternative to
      amputation.
AB  - Amputation remains the standard surgical management for patients with
      osteosarcoma. However, in carefully selected patients, eradication of the primary
      tumor can be achieved by En-Bloc resection of the affected bone preserving both
      anatomical and functional status. Our criteria for limb salvage procedures are
      that patients must: (1) be age 12 years or older, (2) have no angiographic or
      clinical evidence of neurovascular involvement, (3) have low-grade osteosarcoma
      and/or good response to preoperative chemotherapy, and (4) be compliant. Between
      November 1980 and October 1982, 32 patients with osteosarcoma of an extremity
      were seen. Eight patients ranging in age from 13 to 21 years underwent limb
      salvage procedures. Five of these had Tikhoff-Linberg procedures for upper
      extremity lesions, two had En-Bloc resections for distal femur lesions, and one
      patient had a segmental arthrodesis for a distal tibial lesion. Of these eight
      patients, two had low-grade parosteal osteosarcoma. Follow-up ranged from 10 to
      28 months (median 16 months). The two patients with parosteal osteosarcoma
      received no further therapy, while the other six patients received multiple agent
      chemotherapy. One patient died at 18 months with bilateral pulmonary disease.
      None have had local recurrences. Two of the eight patients had minor skin
      necrosis, requiring revision subsequently. Three patients have had transient
      nerve palsy. All have had good functional results. With careful selection of
      patients by rigid criteria, limb salvage procedures can be a viable alternative
      to amputation.

PMID- 6582252
TI  - Familial aggregation of dental health habits in Finland.

PMID- 6582253
TI  - Evaluation of practitioner-developed criteria for assessing the quality of
      stainless steel crown restorations.

PMID- 6582254
TI  - Vascular architecture of monkey primary dental pulps.

PMID- 6582255
TI  - Familial caries distribution in human permanent teeth: buccal and lingual pits of
      first molars.

PMID- 6582256
TI  - Effect of fluoride mouth rinses on the extent of caries in animals.

PMID- 6582257
TI  - A debate over the role of sugars in the etiology of dental caries.

PMID- 6582258
TI  - Eruption of mandibular second premolar.

PMID- 6582259
TI  - In vitro wear of several one-visit veneering techniques.

PMID- 6582260
TI  - Phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth resulting in delayed eruption of the
      primary dentition. A case report.
AB  - A case of delayed eruption of the primary dentition secondary to phenytoin
      therapy in a 4-year-old child is reported. The patient had been on phenytoin
      therapy since the first months of life. Radiographs revealed that alveolar but
      not gingival emergence had occurred. Surgical excision of the excess gingival
      tissue was accomplished under general anesthesia. Oral hygiene procedures were
      stressed and parental cooperation solicited. Three- and nine-month postoperative
      visits revealed no regrowth of gingival tissue and continued eruption of the
      primary dentition.

PMID- 6582261
TI  - Relationships between bitewing and periapical radiographs in assessing crestal
      alveolar bone levels.
AB  - Bitewing (BW) and periapical (PA) radiographic techniques are used in clinical
      and epidemiologic studies to assess crestal alveolar bone levels. Since there
      appeared to be no basis for choosing one technique over the other, the present
      study investigated relationships between these techniques by assessing alveolar
      crest location at the same site. BW and PA radiographs were available from
      posterior quadrants of 210 subjects. Individual radiographs were projected at a
      magnification x 5.9 using a Leitz Prado-Universal projector. The distance from
      the cemento-enamel junction to the alveolar crest (CEJ-CR) was measured for each
      proximal surface from the distal of the cuspid to the distal of the second molar.
      Data were arranged according to the proximal surface examined, and BW and PA
      measurements were compared using paired t tests. In addition, the degree of
      congruence of the two sets (BW/PA) of CEJ-CR measurements was evaluated through
      computation of the Pearson Correlation. The data showed significant differences
      between mean BW and PA measurements for 50% of the tooth surfaces, and this trend
      was consistent through maxillary and mandibular quadrants, and mesial and distal
      surfaces. In situations of a significant difference, the BW measurement was
      greater than the PA 94% of the time. The correlations between the two types of
      measurements showed low reliability. It was concluded that BW and PA techniques
      provided significantly different values in assessing crestal alveolar bone
      levels, and data generated by these techniques should not be used interchangeably
      on an individual or group basis.

PMID- 6582262
TI  - Long-term effect of orthodontic treatment on crestal alveolar bone levels.
AB  - It was the purpose of the present study to evaluate crestal alveolar bone levels
      in individuals (Study group, n = 104) who had completed orthodontic treatment at
      least 10 years previously and compare the findings with adults who had untreated
      malocclusions (Control group, n = 76). Crestal alveolar bone levels were
      determined on both bitewing and periapical radiographs by direct measurement from
      the cemento-enamel junction to the alveolar crest. Data from the individual tooth
      surface measurements were subjected to analyses of variance partitioned on group
      (Study vs Control), radiographic method, tooth type, dental arch and surface
      location. There was no significant difference between crestal alveolar bone
      levels between the study and control group. A Group/Tooth/Surface interaction
      occurred for the distal surface of molars. The alveolar crest level was
      significantly less in the orthodontically treated group. Examination of the
      numerical data suggested that the measured dimension was low relative to normal
      values, and this effect may have been related to tooth intrusion during
      orthodontic treatment. It was concluded that orthodontic treatment during
      adolescence had no detrimental long-term effect upon crestal alveolar bone
      levels.

PMID- 6582263
TI  - Bilateral symmetrical lymphangiomas of the gingiva. A case report.
AB  - This is a report of a patient with bilateral symmetrical lymphangiomas of the
      mandibular gingiva which presented clinically as chronic localized gingivitis.
      The lesions were removed by conventional gingivectomy and have not recurred after
      2 years. Both lesions were of the cavernous type and apparently confined to the
      gingiva. Their distribution indicates them to be developmental anomalies rather
      than tumors. For this reason it is felt that local excision is adequate even if
      the mass is incompletely removed. Anomalies should not recur in the same fashion
      as a tumor.

PMID- 6582264
TI  - Salivary immunoglobulins in patients with juvenile periodontitis and their
      healthy siblings.
AB  - The concentrations of the salivary immunoglobulins IgA, IgG and IgM were
      determined with a solid phase radioimmunoassay in the unstimulated whole saliva
      of 21 patients with juvenile periodontitis (JP), their 27 healthy siblings and 17
      healthy age-matched controls. In the JP group the concentrations of IgA were
      increased, averaging 188 +/- 32.5 (SE) mg/L as compared with the mean of 139 +/-
      21.2 mg/L in their healthy siblings and 130 +/- 24.5 mg/L in the controls. An
      elevation was found in the amount of IgG in the JP patients 45.6 +/- 12.5 mg/L as
      compared with 18.1 +/- 5.9 mg/L in the siblings and 21.0 +/- 5.6 mg/L in the
      controls. The mean IgM was 22.5 +/- 5.4 mg/L in the JP group, 13.3 +/- 2.9 mg/L
      in the siblings and 8.7 +/- 1.6 mg/L in the controls, indicating an increase of
      IgM in the JP group and the siblings. A significant difference was found in the
      mean IgM values in the juvenile periodontitis group when compared to the control
      group. (0.02 greater than P greater than 0.01).

PMID- 6582265
TI  - Enhanced rectal absorption of cefmetazole and cefoxitin in the presence of
      epinephrine metabolites in rats and a high-performance liquid chromatographic
      assay for cephamycin antibiotics.
AB  - 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid and 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid were found to be
      potent adjuvants for the rectal absorption of water-soluble compounds in rats.
      Both adjuvants enhanced the absorption of two cephamycin antibiotics, cefmetazole
      and cefoxitin. Maximum plasma levels of the antibiotics were obtained within 30
      min after rectal administration. The bioavailability of both antibiotics appeared
      to depend on the concentration of the adjuvant in the microenema, the dosage form
      used in these experiments. Instead of a microbial assay, a new chemical method
      involving high-performance liquid chromatography with an ion-pairing technique
      was developed for analyzing the cephamycin antibiotic plasma levels.

PMID- 6582266
TI  - SK&F 88046: a unique pharmacologic antagonist of bronchoconstriction induced by
      leukotriene D4, thromboxane and prostaglandins F2 alpha and D2 in vitro.
AB  - SK&F 88046, an imidodisulfamide initially reported as an end organ leukotriene
      (LT)D4 antagonist on guinea-pig lung parenchyma (Gleason et al., 1982), was
      studied further in order to elucidate its mechanism of action. The LTD4-induced
      contraction of the guinea-pig lung parenchyma, which occurs via both a direct
      action and an indirect, thromboxane (Tx)-dependent pathway (Weichman et al.,
      1982), was antagonized by SK&F 88046 and FPL 55712. SK&F 88046 was not acting on
      the lung parenchyma as a result of antagonism of cyclooxygenase or Tx synthetase,
      as SK&F 88046 did not block the LTD4-induced generation of TxB2 from the
      parenchyma. In contrast, the LTD4-induced contraction of the guinea-pig trachea,
      which is only directly mediated, was antagonized by FPL 55712 but not by SK&F
      88046. However, SK&F 88046 did antagonize the contractions elicited by
      carbocyclic TxA2, a stable Tx analog, as well as those elicited by prostaglandins
      F2 alpha and D2, but not those elicited by histamine, carbachol or KCI. FPL 55712
      weakly antagonized the actions of carbocyclic TxA2, but not the contractions
      induced by the other agonists. These results demonstrate that SK&F 88046 is an
      antagonist of the indirect, Tx-dependent component of LTD4 action in the guinea
      pig, presumably via antagonism of Tx on the end organ. These results provide
      additional evidence that LTD4 can exert its bronchoconstrictive actions via two
      mechanisms, a direct pathway and an indirect, Tx-dependent pathway.

PMID- 6582267
TI  - Fibromyalgia syndrome: a need for uniform classification.

PMID- 6582268
TI  - Prevalence of primary and secondary fibrositis.
AB  - Of 1,473 consecutive new patients seen in an outpatient rheumatology clinic, 3.7%
      met criteria for "primary fibrositis." Secondary fibrositis was diagnosed in
      12.2% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 15.7% of patients with primary
      neck and back pain syndromes and 6.7% of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). When
      conditions presumed to be associated with secondary fibrositis were excluded,
      primary fibrositis was identified in 55 of 405 patients or 13.6%. Two hundred
      fifteen or 14.6% of all patients had either primary or secondary fibrositis.
      Fibrositis may be the most common disorder seen in rheumatic disease practice
      after OA and RA.

PMID- 6582269
TI  - Low prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese. Prevalence survey in a rural
      community.
AB  - A prevalence survey for arthritis among the general adult population of a rural
      island off the coast of China revealed a prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
      of no more than 0.3% compared with 1.0% among Americans in the National Health
      Examination Survey (NHES). The frequency of clinical ankylosing spondylitis (AS)
      (0.2%) appears to be higher than expected, although limited data are available
      for comparison. No clinically unusual features of these diseases were recognized.

PMID- 6582270
TI  - Osteoarthritis in some developing countries.
AB  - Only a few studies on osteoarthritis (OA) have been performed in developing
      countries. They all concern African populations. OA occurs less frequently in
      developing populations. Whether this is due to genetic or environmental factors
      or to selective forces like an excessive mortality at younger ages, is difficult
      to decide. Development of criteria for clinical degenerative joint disease is
      recommended. Furthermore studies are proposed on the geographical distribution of
      specific joint OA, the concept of generalized OA, the pattern of joint
      involvement, the natural history of degenerative joint disease, and the role of
      occupation, sports, and environmental factors.

PMID- 6582271
TI  - Observations on rheumatic disease in Polynesia and the Philippines.
AB  - Two different types of study of rheumatic disease in the southwest Pacific are
      outlined. The Philippines study of a rural developing population is primarily
      oriented to intervention rather than causation, but before intervention can be
      effectively planned, information on the frequency and causes of rheumatic
      complaints is necessary. The Tokelauan investigation is a comprehensive
      prospective study of the total population with full medical examination of each
      subject allowing hypotheses to be tested concerning genetic and environmental
      variables.

PMID- 6582272
TI  - A World Health Organization perspective.

PMID- 6582273
TI  - Epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis in developed countries.
AB  - The epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been the subject of 4
      international conferences during the past 25 years and the current concepts have
      recently been renewed in detail elsewhere. This paper will focus on the
      prevalence and incidence of RA in various geographic areas and ethnic groups,
      temporal trends in incidence rates, and the role of host, and environmental and
      genetic factors in disease etiology.

PMID- 6582274
TI  - Study constraints in African and other epidemiological surveys.
AB  - Studies on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in developing countries have suffered from
      numerous constraints in the application of historical, clinical, radiological,
      and serological criteria for disease. The Manchester grading for clinical RA
      turned out to be the best set of criteria in Africa. Erosions on radiographs and
      a positive rheumatoid factor are of little help as the prevalence of both is high
      in most African populations. Living at high altitude and hence being void of most
      tropical parasitic infections apparently increases prevalence figures for RA.
      More studies are needed from developing countries to determine the magnitude and
      the determinants of disabling rheumatic conditions.

PMID- 6582275
TI  - Epidemiologic methodology as used in China.
AB  - Seven epidemiological methods commonly used in China are discussed. A
      communicable disease reporting system is in place but this does not include
      rheumatic diseases. Death registers include cause of death only in selected pilot
      study points. Field studies using either mobile clinics or nation-wide treatment
      and prevention programs are useful for infectious diseases. Disease specific
      surveys of mortality and prevalence are available for hypertension and
      tuberculosis. Some case control and efficacy studies are also undertaken. Thirty
      longterm disease surveillance points have been established throughout China.

PMID- 6582276
TI  - Problems in examination surveys of the rheumatic diseases.
AB  - Examination surveys to document the frequency and distribution of the rheumatic
      diseases in populations were largely pioneered by the efforts of Kellgren and
      Lawrence in England starting in the 1950s. The purpose of these surveys was
      primarily to gain insight into the extent and types of rheumatic diseases and
      their associated morbidity in representative population samples. From such
      studies the relative frequency of the common rheumatic diseases was defined and
      their occurrence in relation to their age and sex distribution within the
      population described. The methodologies devised for this purpose contained
      detailed historical, clinical, radiological, and serological components which
      were then applied by a number of investigators in different countries. The
      results of these surveys raised questions concerning diagnostic criteria, and led
      to the realization that diagnostic categorization in the population at large was
      often more difficult than in the rheumatology clinic.

PMID- 6582277
TI  - Accreditation issues.

PMID- 6582278
TI  - The dentist views serum calcium levels.

PMID- 6582279
TI  - Large single crystals of spinach 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase suitable
      for X-ray studies.
AB  - Large single crystals of a quaternary complex of spinach ribulose bisphosphate
      carboxylase, Mg2+, CO2 and the transition state analogue 2-C-carboxy-D-arabinitol
      1,5-bisphosphate have been obtained from ammonium sulfate solutions. These
      crystals belong to space group C222 with cell dimensions a = 157.2 A, b = 157.2 A
      and c = 201.3 A. The crystals are pseudo F-centered with a pseudo 4-fold axis
      parallel to c. The space group of local symmetry F422 contains one large and one
      small subunit in the asymmetric unit. The crystals diffract beyond 2 A
      resolution.

PMID- 6582280
TI  - Induced transcription of the mouse beta-globin transcription unit in
      erythroleukemia cells. Time-course of induction and of changes in chromatin
      structure.
AB  - The transcription of the beta-globin genes in mouse erythroleukemia cells has
      been examined by hybridizing labeled RNA obtained from isolated nuclei after
      chain elongation in the presence of [alpha-32P]UTP. There is induction of at
      least 30-fold of beta maj globin transcription after cells are treated with
      either dimethylsulfoxide or hexamethylene bisacetamide. The induction requires 36
      to 48 hours to be maximal, during which time the cells double about three to four
      times. During this time, a site in the beta maj DNA region becomes hypersensitive
      to DNase. The development of this hypersensitive site is co-ordinate with the
      transcriptional increase. The induced transcripts in the beta-globin region are
      alpha-amanitin-sensitive (and therefore are RNA polymerase II products). An
      examination of weak transcriptional signals to DNA fragments upstream of the beta
      maj globin gene in uninduced mouse erythroleukemia cells and in cells that do not
      make globin is also reported. The low level of hybridization to the upstream
      regions in uninduced erythroleukemia cells, in L cells (a fibroblast) and in a
      strain of erythroleukemia cells that no longer make globin are not equally
      sensitive to alpha-amanitin as in the induced signal. These experiments help
      define the inducible transcription unit for beta maj globin mRNA production.

PMID- 6582281
TI  - Perspectives on contact lenses: contact lenses in Scandinavia.

PMID- 6582283
TI  - General anesthesia and conscious sedation in dentistry: current concepts,
      educational requirements and safety.

PMID- 6582282
TI  - The professional person.

PMID- 6582284
TI  - What . . . another injection technique?

PMID- 6582285
TI  - Midtrimester abortion. Intra-amniotic instillation of hyperosmolar urea and
      prostaglandin F2 alpha v dilatation and evacuation.
AB  - Although dilatation and evacuation (D&E) is currently the most common method of
      midtrimester abortion in the United States, the intra-amniotic instillation of
      hyperosmolar urea and prostaglandin F2 alpha combined (U-P) has been proposed as
      a safer technique. To evaluate the comparative safety of U-P and D&E, we analyzed
      2,805 U-P and 9,572 D&E abortions at 13 to 24 menstrual weeks' gestation. The U-P
      procedure resulted in significantly more serious complications than D&E (1.03 v
      0.49 per 100 abortions). After adjusting for patient age, race, parity, follow-up
      information, and preexisting conditions, the relative risk of serious
      complications associated with U-P was 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 3.1).
      This advantage for D&E stems from its applicability to the 13- to 16-week
      interval. Although D&E appears to be safer overall in the midtrimester, for women
      obtaining abortion after 16 weeks, the rates of serious complications were
      comparable, with a relative risk of 1.0 (95% confidence interval, 0.4 to 2.5).

PMID- 6582286
TI  - The physician and the rights of mankind.

PMID- 6582287
TI  - Consensus conference:  Treatment of hypertriglyceridemia.

PMID- 6582288
TI  - Lung cancer: leading cause of cancer deaths in Louisiana white females.

PMID- 6582289
TI  - Cancer mortality among patients with Hansen's disease.
AB  - For the evaluation of cancer risks associated with immunodeficiencies experienced
      by patients with Hansen's disease (leprosy) and for the assessment of possible
      adverse effects of dapsone therapy, a follow-up study was conducted of 1,678
      patients admitted to the National Hansen's Disease Center in Carville, La.,
      between 1939 and 1977. Overall, no substantial cancer mortality was observed
      (standardized mortality ratio = 1.3), nor was there any excess among patients
      exhibiting defects in cellular immunity by virtue of lepromatous forms of the
      disease. Notable was the absence of any significant excess of lymphoma (5
      observed vs. 2.3 expected), despite the predominance of this tumor in certain
      other immunodeficiency states. Several cancer sites (oral, bladder, and kidney)
      occurred excessively, but reasons for the elevations were obscure. Although
      dapsone has been implicated as a carcinogen in laboratory animals, the use of
      sulfones, including dapsone, did not appear to affect significantly the risk of
      any cancers in this population.

PMID- 6582290
TI  - Dietary fat influences on murine melanoma growth and lymphocyte-mediated
      cytotoxicity.
AB  - The effects of fat concentration and saturation on the growth of a B16 melanoma
      and lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity against the cells were studied with the use
      of inbred C57BL/6J and C3H/HeJ mice subjected to dietary manipulation before and
      after tumor transplantation. The tumor latency for mice initially given
      injections of 5 X 10(6) syngeneic B16 melanoma cells was significantly less for
      those mice fed at 20% fat concentration than those fed only the essential fatty
      acid (EFA) diet. When mice were given injections of 10(6) melanoma cells, the
      initiation time required for visible tumor growth in mice receiving the
      polyunsaturated fat (PUF) diet was significantly less than that in mice receiving
      the saturated fat (SF) diet. Cytolysis mediated by lymphocytes from diet
      manipulated mice toward allogeneic B16 melanoma cells was greater for those mice
      receiving the EFA diet only and 8% SF diets than for those mice fed a diet
      without fat. The cytolytic response decreased immediately with the additional PUF
      in the diet, whereas additional SF decreased cytolytic responses only when
      dietary SF concentration was greater than 8%. Thus dietary fat, particularly PUF,
      has a significant influence on the growth and lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity of
      a murine melanoma. This effect cannot be attributed to differences in the energy
      content between high-fat and low-fat diets.

PMID- 6582291
TI  - Glutathione S-transferase activity in rat pancreas.
AB  - The biotransformation capability of pancreatic tissue was studied. Michaelis
      Menten kinetics were determined for glutathione S-transferase in pancreatic
      tissue supernatants from control, phenobarbital (PB), and 3-methylcholanthrene
      (3MCA)-pretreated Sprague-Dawley male rats. The enzyme activity was measured
      spectrophotometrically with use of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene as substrate.
      Pancreatic activity was about half the hepatic activity, and, further, the
      activity was not affected by pretreatment with PB or 3MCA as was the liver.

PMID- 6582292
TI  - Amiloride potentiation of differentiation of human promyelocytic cell line HL-60.
AB  - Cells of the human acute promyelocytic cell line HL-60 undergo differentiation
      when exposed to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); in this report, amiloride, an
      inhibitor of passive intracellular Na+ flux, potentiated the DMSO-induced
      differentiation of HL-60 cells. This effect was seen at several concentrations of
      DMSO. Amiloride alone did not affect HL-60 differentiation. Various analogues of
      amiloride were tested for their ability to potentiate differentiation of HL-60
      cells. The synergistic induction of myeloid differentiation by a membrane solvent
      (DMSO) and an Na+ transport inhibitor (amiloride) suggested membrane cation flux
      as being important in initiating differentiation.

PMID- 6582293
TI  - Enhanced host resistance to transplantable murine lymphosarcoma in Swiss mice by
      combined immunostimulation with BCG and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid.
AB  - Combined immunostimulation with BCG and double-stranded polyinosinic
      polycytidylic acid (poly I . poly C) was more effective than single-modality
      immunostimulation in suppressing tumor growth in inbred Swiss mice. BCG
      sensitization followed by administration of poly I . poly C on the day of tumor
      cell injection significantly prolonged the survival period against parental
      lymphosarcoma (LS) and its ascites variant (LS-A). BCG and poly I . poly C given
      together on the day of tumor cell injection suppressed only LS-A and not LS. BCG
      or poly I . poly C given alone did not result in tumor cures. Silica injection
      given 2 days before poly I . poly C injection completely abrogated the antitumor
      effect of sequential treatment with BCG and poly I . poly C. Silica treatment
      given on and beyond the day of poly I . poly C injection did not abrogate the
      antitumor effect. This observation indicated that intact macrophage effector
      function was essential at the time of tumor cell inoculation to obtain an
      effective antitumor action.

PMID- 6582294
TI  - Abnormal response of tumor vasculature to vasoactive drugs.
AB  - The effects of the vasoconstrictor phenylephrine and the vasodilator hydralazine
      on blood flow to tumor were studied and compared to those on blood flow to normal
      tissues in vivo. Regional blood flow and cardiac output were measured with the
      use of radioactive microspheres in 150- to 250-g inbred Harlan F344 rats bearing
      subcutaneous nodules of two types of transplantable carcinoma ("hard" and "soft")
      with microscopically different vascular patterns. Three groups of rats were
      treated with hydralazine, saline, or phenylephrine, and regional blood flow was
      determined at the time of maximum blood pressure response. Results were
      correlated with quantitative morphometric analysis of arteriolar and capillary
      wall thickness in tumor and normal tissue. Phenylephrine decreased and
      hydralazine increased normal tissue perfusion as indicated by cardiac output.
      Tumor blood flow remained low and was not significantly influenced by drug
      treatment, except for the phenylephrine effect on hard tumors. Histologic study
      of tumor vessel walls revealed an absence of smooth muscle capable of responding
      to the vasoactive drugs by constriction or dilation. Evidently, by their
      selective action on normal vessels, vasoactive drugs can change the ratio of
      tumor:normal tissue perfusion. In particular, the increase of normal tissue:
      tumor blood flow by vasodilator drugs may enhance the selectivity of local heat
      therapy.

PMID- 6582295
TI  - A morphologic classification of brain tumors found in several strains of mice.
AB  - Brain tumors were found in 42 mice from a total study population of 77,410 mice,
      which included several strains (BALB/c, C3H, C57BL/6, and hybrids of these
      strains). The brain tumors were classified on the basis of the new World Health
      Organization classification of human brain tumors. Tumors originated from
      neuroepithelial and meningeal tissues, blood vessels, and germ cells. The
      youngest animal with a tumor was 111 days of age. The tumor incidence was low,
      being 0.054% of the total study population, with 0.067% in controls and 0.052% in
      treated mice. Lipomas were the most common type of tumor diagnosed, and they were
      considered to represent hamartomas rather than true neoplasms. There were 27
      brain tumors other than lipomas, the majority (16) of which occurred in BALB/c
      mice, whereas meningeal tumors (6) were confined to C3H and hybrid strains of
      mice. The morphologic characteristics of each tumor type are presented.

PMID- 6582296
TI  - B16 murine melanoma and aging: slower growth and longer survival in old mice.
AB  - The growth characteristics and colonization potential of a transplantable
      melanoma administered to young (3 mo) and old (24 mo) C57BL/6 mice were
      investigated. After sc injection of B16-F10 melanoma cells, tumor growth was
      slower, and final tumor volume was less in the older mice. Furthermore, after iv
      injection of B16-F1 melanoma cells, the number of pulmonary colonies was also
      less, and the survival was greater in the older mice. These findings indicate an
      age advantage in this experimental tumor model that may be attributed to either
      physical or immunologic factors.

PMID- 6582297
TI  - Persistence of precursor cells of squamous metaplasia in preneoplastic mammary
      outgrowth lines from mice.
AB  - The preneoplastic state is without apparent effect on the induction or prevention
      of epidermidalization in transplanted mammary outgrowth lines. Development of
      squamous metaplasia and differentiation (keratinization) were induced in organ
      cultures of three hyperplastic alveolar and ductular mammary outgrowth lines (D1,
      MH5, and MH9) that had been extensively passaged in gland-free mammary fat pads
      of BALB/c virgin mice. The induction was elicited by the mixture of dibutyryl
      cyclic AMP (0.1 mM), prostaglandins E1, E2, and B1 (each 5 micrograms/ml), and
      papaverine (1 microM) or by a tenfold higher concentration of dibutyryl cyclic
      AMP (1 mM) alone for 9 days. The retinoid 2-retinylidene-5,5-dimethyl-1,3
      cyclohexanedione at 1 microM and the phorbol ester phorbol 12,13-didecanoate at
      10 microM each blocked the induction process. The parameters of the induction and
      its prevention were analogous in many ways to those previously found with
      cultures of normal mammary glands of mice and humans, as well as of mouse
      prostate glands and chick embryo skin. The metaplastic squamous cells that
      developed in the cultured mammary outgrowths did not proliferate in gland-free
      mammary fat pads, possibly because the cells were terminally committed or because
      of insufficient inducers. In contrast, the alveolar and ductular epithelia in the
      same outgrowths have a transplantable pool of generative cells with the ability
      to undergo continual proliferation and development. The finding of precursor
      cells with the potential for epidermoid development and differentiation in the
      preneoplastic alveolar and ductular outgrowths, despite their extensive serial
      transplantations, is supportive of the existence of a common or closely
      associated pool of cells with the ability to develop either into squamous or
      alveolar mammary epithelium.

PMID- 6582298
TI  - Methionine dependence in skin fibroblasts of humans affected with familial colon
      cancer or Gardner's syndrome.
AB  - Reduced growth in methionine-deficient, homocysteine-, folic acid-, and vitamin
      B12-supplemented medium, a characteristic of tumor and transformed cell lines,
      was investigated in skin fibroblasts of patients affected with hereditary colon
      neoplasms. The presence or absence of this phenotype was studied in 37 cell lines
      from either low-risk subjects or members of families with Gardner's syndrome (GS)
      or familial colon cancer (FCC). Growth constants of skin fibroblasts of the low
      risk group were not significantly different in the presence of methionine (Kme)
      or absence of methionine (Kho) (0.106 +/- 0.011 and 0.098 +/- 0.011,
      respectively). However, growth constants of skin fibroblasts of both GS and FCC
      were significantly reduced in the absence of methionine. In GS, Kho = 0.086 +/-
      0.006 and Kme = 0.120 +/- 0.006 (P less than .01). In FCC, Kho = 0.048 +/- 0.007
      and Kme = 0.084 +/- 0.009 (P less than .01). Thus the growth of skin fibroblasts
      from both GS and FCC was methionine dependent. This phenotype was expressed in
      skin fibroblasts of an individual several years before any clinical manifestation
      of GS. In all populations studied the phenotype was independent of the age or sex
      of the individuals, aging of the cell lines, low serum concentration, and acute
      carcinogen treatment. In addition, there is a significant correlation (r = -0.85,
      P less than .001) between the disorganization of actin cables of the skin
      fibroblasts and the ratio of the growth constants. These data constitute the
      first report demonstrating methionine dependence in cell lines that are not
      derived from transformed cells, tumor cells, or fetal cells but are derived from
      skin fibroblasts of patients with hereditary colonic neoplasms. Inasmuch as these
      cells are not target cells related to colon cancer, the phenotype appears to be
      the expression of an inherited autosomal dominant genotype related to the
      oncogenic transformation.

PMID- 6582299
TI  - Modification of pancreatic carcinogenesis in the hamster model. XI. Inhibitory
      effect of pilocarpine hydrochloride.
AB  - Pilocarpine hydrochloride (PH) was administered as a single sc injection (15
      mg/kg body wt) to outbred Syrian golden hamsters either prior to, simultaneously
      with, or after a single 20-mg/kg body weight dose of the pancreatic carcinogen N
      nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP). An additional group was treated with PH, once
      before and once simultaneously with BOP; another group received PH daily for life
      after BOP and controls were given BOP only. Surviving hamsters were killed 46
      weeks after BOP treatment. PH significantly inhibited pancreatic ductal-ductular
      cancer induction, whether it was given once before, simultaneously with, or after
      BOP. A more pronounced inhibitory effect was seen when PH was administered once
      before and once simultaneously with BOP. However, daily injection of PH did not
      alter the carcinoma incidence over the BOP control value. The possible mechanisms
      are discussed.

PMID- 6582300
TI  - Differential susceptibility of inbred mouse strains forecast by acute colonic
      proliferative response to methylazoxymethanol.
AB  - The proliferative response of colonic epithelial cells to methylazoxymethanol
      (MAM) was followed in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-sensitive SWR/J, moderately
      resistant C57BL/6J, and resistant AKR/J strains. Untreated AKR mice had a
      significantly lower labeling index (L1) a shorter proliferative compartment (PC),
      and a smaller percentage of DNA synthesizing cells in the middle third of the
      crypts than did the SWR strain. SWR had the highest Ll, the widest PC, and the
      largest percentage of DNA synthesizing cells in the middle third of the crypts.
      C57BL/6 mice had characteristics that lay between the sensitive and resistant
      strains. Pooled data from 1 week after the fifth and sixth injections and 12
      weeks after the first MAM injection revealed that extension of the PC had
      occurred in all strains, but it was only the DMH-sensitive SWR strain that showed
      extension of the PC to the upper third of the crypt, the greatest shift of
      proliferating cells to the middle and upper third of crypts, and the greatest
      increase in Ll. The AKR strain demonstrated these proliferative alterations
      least, and the C57BL/6 strain fell between them. This differential response to
      MAM among the strains mimicked that previously reported by us when DMH was
      investigated. The similarity in response of the colonic epithelial cells of each
      strain to either a direct-acting (MAM) or indirect-acting carcinogen (DMH) would
      support the concept that susceptability to this family of carcinogens is directly
      related to the genetically controlled indigenous proliferative characteristics of
      the colon.

PMID- 6582301
TI  - A rapid assay for cytotoxicity of unstimulated human monocytes.
AB  - Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used as effectors against the Wehi
      164 mouse fibrosarcoma cell line grown in suspension culture. In a standard 7
      hour 51Cr release assay, specific release usually was below 10%. In contrast,
      pretreatment of Wehi 164 for 3 hours with dactinomycin (Act D), while leaving the
      tumor cells intact and viable, resulted in a drastic increase in its
      susceptibility to lysis, which reached 60% specific release. In terms of lytic
      units, this reflects up to a fiftyfold enhancement. Cell-separation experiments
      revealed that the effector cells were plastic-adherent and iron-phagocytic.
      Adherent cell fractions with 85-98% naphthol AS acetate-esterase (NAS)-positive
      cells were enriched in cytotoxicity, while nonadherent cells with less than 4%
      NAS-positive cells were almost devoid of activity. Depletion of phagocytic cells
      with iron and magnet resulted in a strong reduction of cytotoxicity by 82-95%
      compared to the cytotoxicity seen in control treated effector cells. In both
      kinds of analyses, natural killer cell activity showed a reciprocal behavior. The
      evidence indicates that the cytotoxic effector cells directed against Act D
      treated Wehi 164 cells belong to the monocyte lineage. The system described
      should be useful in analyzing the cytotoxic function of unstimulated monocytes in
      a short-term assay without prior purification of the effector cells.

PMID- 6582302
TI  - Estimation of human tumor growth rate from distribution of tumor size at
      detection.
AB  - Methods are presented for estimating the growth curve of a tumor (up to an
      unknown scale factor of time) from the distribution of volumes at detection on
      the basis of two assumptions: 1) the existence of a common growth curve and 2)
      the assumption that the probability of detecting a tumor in a period of time is
      proportional to the tumor volume. These methods can accommodate variation between
      individuals in speed of traversal of the growth curve. The methods are applied to
      volumes of tumor at detection of a large series of breast cancers. The simplest,
      adequate description is exponential growth with great individual-to-individual
      variation in tumor doubling time. The data are consistent with bounded growth
      (Gompertzian or logistic form) as well as exponential growth. However, there is
      no evidence that the bound on growth is within the range of the data. The shape
      of the distribution of volumes does not yield an effective lower limit on such a
      bound.

PMID- 6582303
TI  - Tumor cytotoxicity of human macrophages after incubation with synthetic analogues
      of 2-lysophosphatidylcholine.
AB  - Human alveolar macrophages as well as macrophages derived from Teflon culture of
      blood-borne monocytes were incubated with synthetic analogues of 2
      lysophosphatidylcholine and then tested for their cytotoxic capacity against an
      allogeneic lymphoma cell line. Metabolic, rather stable analogues enhanced
      macrophage cytotoxicity significantly. This phenomenon was shown both in a growth
      inhibition assay as well as in the 51Cr release assay. Macrophage activation was
      dose- and time-dependent and was potentiated at temperatures above 37 degrees C.
      Incubation of the macrophages with the active compounds induced characteristic
      changes in cell morphology as revealed by scanning electron microscopy.

PMID- 6582304
TI  - Studies of a melanoma tumor-associated antigen detected in the spent culture
      medium of a human melanoma cell line by allogeneic antibody. I. Purification and
      development of a radioimmunoassay.
AB  - A tumor-associated antigen (TAA) was isolated from spent culture medium
      (chemically defined serum-free medium) of human melanoma cell line UCLA-SO-M14
      (M14). The isolation procedures included concentration, ultrafiltration, gel
      filtration chromatography, and chloroform:methanol (C:M) extraction. The melanoma
      TAA activity recovered from the organic phase of the C:M extract was subsequently
      fractionated by gel filtration and radiolabeled with Na125I. The radioiodinated
      antigen was further purified by Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration and allogeneic
      antibody affinity chromatography. With the use of previously characterized anti
      TAA allogeneic sera from melanoma patients and 125I-labeled TAA, a
      radioimmunoassay (RIA) was developed. Protein A-bearing Staphylococcus aureus was
      used to separate bound and unbound 125I-labeled TAA. The coefficient of variation
      between experiments and within experiments with unlabeled melanoma TAA as the
      competitor in the competitive RIA ranged from 8.9 to 20.4%. These variations were
      consistently lower (8.9-13.6%) at high levels (6 micrograms melanoma TAA/ml) of
      the competitor than they were (17.3-20.5%) at low levels (0.5 microgram melanoma
      TAA/ml), suggesting reasonable reproducibility of the assay. A logit versus log
      plot of the competitive RIA data and analysis by linear regression yielded a
      straight line. This line represented a 5- to 1,000-ng detection range for
      melanoma TAA. Analysis of C:M-extracted and Sephacryl S-200-purified melanoma TAA
      by the competitive RIA revealed a 695-fold purification of the antigen that
      represented a 37.5% recovery from the spent culture medium. The greatest
      enrichment of the melanoma TAA was achieved by the C:M extraction step. This step
      separated the melanoma TAA from other antigens, e.g., fetal antigen and human
      leukocyte antigens.

PMID- 6582305
TI  - Studies of a melanoma tumor-associated antigen detected in the spent culture
      medium of a human melanoma cell line by allogeneic antibody. II. Immunobiologic
      characterization.
AB  - A tumor-associated antigen (TAA) was isolated from spent culture medium of human
      melanoma cell line UCLA-SO-M14 (M14). After radioiodination and further
      purification, it was used in a radioimmunoassay (RIA). When tested in RIA for
      anti-TAA activity, 56% (111/200) of sera from melanoma patients, 21% (21/100) of
      sera from sarcoma patients, and 19% (19/100) of sera from carcinoma patients, as
      well as 12% (6/50) sera from pregnant women and 10% (10/100) apparently normal
      sera, were positive. The variations (0.25-3.8 micrograms/mg total protein) in
      specific TAA activity in 20 different batches of spent media collected for 18
      months exhibited patterns of gradual increases and decreases, suggesting a cell
      growth cycle-related phenomenon. Binding between the allogeneic antibody and 125I
      labeled TAA was inhibited by 70% (32/47) of melanoma spent media and cells (from
      culture or biopsy). Conversely, only 7% (3/33) spent medium or membrane extracts
      of other tumor cells and 0% (1/69) of human normal, fetal, or placental cells
      were positive in competitive RIA. The TAA was immunologically different from
      normal tissue antigens, blood-group antigens, human leukocyte antigens, and
      microbial antigens. These immunobiologic properties of the TAA isolated from M14
      spent culture medium and used in the RIA suggested that such TAA was melanoma
      associated.

PMID- 6582306
TI  - Studies of a melanoma tumor-associated antigen detected in the spent culture
      medium of a human melanoma cell line by allogeneic antibody. III. Physicochemical
      properties.
AB  - A melanoma tumor-associated antigen (TAA), isolated from spent culture medium of
      human melanoma cell line UCLA-SO-M14, was purified to mean homogeneity to
      determine its physical and biochemical nature. Gel filtration and native
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analyses of the 125I-labeled melanoma TAA
      revealed that the antigen had a molecular weight in the range of 180,000-190,000.
      However, ultracentrifugation of melanoma 125I-labeled TAA in a 5-20% sucrose
      density gradient revealed a sedimentation coefficient to be 4.96 +/- 0.24.
      Melanoma 125I-labeled TAA focused at a pH of 6.5 by isoelectric focusing. No
      carbohydrates were detectable by various colorometric methods in the highly
      purified melanoma TAA fraction, and melanoma TAA failed to bind with several
      lectins. Its antigenic activity was destroyed by the proteolytic enzymes but was
      not affected by the glycosidic enzymes or phospholipase A2. The results suggested
      that the melanoma TAA was most likely a lipoprotein that had a molecular weight
      of 180,000-190,000, a sedimentation coefficient of approximately 5, and a pl
      value of 6.5. The protein portion apparently formed the antibody binding site(s).

PMID- 6582308
TI  - Preventive oncology: an opportunity for clinical cancer centers.

PMID- 6582307
TI  - A model of human cancer metastasis: extensive spontaneous and artificial
      metastasis of a human pigmented melanoma and derived variant sublines in nude
      mice.
AB  - The extensive metastatic capacities in nude mice of variants of a human melanoma
      line, MeWo, were studied. BALB/c nude mice received subcutaneous implants of lung
      cubes impregnated in vitro with small numbers (less than 1,000) of MeWo cells as
      a result of previous in vitro coincubation. Such implants always resulted in
      lethal tumors, despite the fact that injection of dispersed 3 X 10(5) MeWo cells
      was normally required to obtain a tumor take. A BALB/c nude mouse that had
      received a MeWo lung cube implant was found to have numerous, large lung nodules
      6 months after implantation. Transfer of the metastatic lung nodules to new
      recipients also led to the appearance of lung metastases. Cell lines established
      from such metastases, or from primary tumors that arose in nude mice implanted
      with MeWo-infiltrated cubes, showed a remarkable ability to colonize the lungs
      after iv injection, in contrast to the parent MeWo cells: Lungs were found to be
      engorged with hundreds of nodules, many, but not all, being melanotic. Widespread
      extrapulmonary metastases were also observed, but only after iv injection of MeWo
      sublines established from metastases. Karyotype analysis revealed that lung
      colonies established by iv cell injection had a near diploid (i.e., wild type)
      number of human chromosomes (mode: 44), whereas cell lines from spontaneous
      metastases possessed a near tetraploid number, a possible consequence of either
      selection or tumor progression in vivo. The results indicate that human tumor
      variants with unusually aggressive metastatic capabilities can be obtained in
      adult nude mice, similar in nature to some highly metastatic variants derived
      from mouse tumors (e.g., the B16 melanoma). The availability of such variants
      should be a valuable aid to study aspects of tumor cell heterogeneity,
      progression, and metastasis from a human cancer cell perspective.

PMID- 6582309
TI  - Modulation by retinoic acid of cellular, surface-exposed, and secreted
      glycoconjugates in cultured human sarcoma cells.
AB  - The effect of beta-all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) on the synthesis of cellular,
      cell surface, and secreted glycoconjugates by human Hs705 chondrosarcoma and
      Hs791 osteosarcoma cells was investigated in vitro. Untreated and RA-treated
      cells were labeled either metabolically with radioactive precursors or by
      oxidation of externally exposed cell membrane glycoprotein(s) (GP) by treatment
      with NalO4 or neuraminidase and galactose oxidase followed by reduction with
      NaB[3H]4. The cells were solubilized and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis followed by fluorography. RA enhanced the labeling of sialic acid
      and galactose residues on the GP of relative molecular weight(s) (Mr) in the
      range 95,000-300,000 on the surfaces of both cell types. [3H]glycosamine
      incorporation into GP with Mr of 100,000, 150,000, and 190,000 in both cell lines
      was also stimulated. In the Hs705 cells there was also an increase in the
      labeling of a 290,000-Mr GP. In contrast, [3H]glucosamine incorporation into
      glycoconjugates greater than 400,000 Mr in both the cells and the conditioned
      medium of Hs705 cells decreased. The latter glycoconjugates were susceptible to
      hyaluronidase and chondroitinases. [3H]glucosamine incorporation into a secreted
      230,000-Mr GP, identified as fibronectin, was also reduced. Analyses of
      conditioned media of cells labeled with [35S]methionine or [14C]proline
      demonstrated that RA decreased the secretion of procollagen chains and
      fibronectin. Immunofluorescence revealed that RA alters the distribution of cell
      associated fibronectin. These results demonstrated that RA increases the
      glycosylation of specific cellular and cell surface GP and decreases the
      production of secreted GP and glycosaminoglycans by the sarcoma cells.

PMID- 6582310
TI  - Enzyme activities in normal, dysplastic, and cancerous human breast tissues.
AB  - The activities of six different enzymes were compared in 29 normal, 34
      dysplastic, and 80 cancerous (both primary and metastatic) human breast tissues;
      in MCF-7 cells; and in primary rat mammary tumors. Benign lesions generally
      showed enzyme activities similar to those of normal breast tissues. Malignant
      tumors had significantly increased activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),
      malate dehydrogenase (MDH), fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, hexokinase (HK),
      pyruvate kinase (PK), and creatine kinase. Enzyme activity in the malignant tumor
      was always higher than that in apparently normal or fibrocystic tissue from the
      same patient. Enzyme activities did not correlate with the levels of estrogen and
      progesterone receptors. LDH, MDH, and HK were elevated to a similar extent in all
      the tissues examined. Conversely, PK was elevated to a much greater extent in
      cancerous tissues, particularly in MCF-7 cells. The elevated activities of these
      enzymes may have diagnostic potential, especially when tumor tissue and
      apparently normal tissue from the same patient are compared.

PMID- 6582311
TI  - Rate of disease progression in breast cancer: a clinical estimate of prognosis
      within nodal and anatomic stages.
AB  - From data obtained in the patient's history, the clinical rate of progression of
      disease in breast cancer patients can be estimated as slow, intermediate, or
      rapid. The strata defined by these rates had previously been shown to create
      prognostic gradients within groups of patients similar in anatomic stage or nodal
      status. In a second, validating cohort of 465 women with primary breast cancer,
      the strata delineating rate of disease progression were shown to have a cogent
      prognostic impact when the proportional hazards model was used to control
      simultaneously for nodal and anatomic status. In addition, the distinctions
      persisted when different types of treatment were taken into account. These
      findings from a multivariate analysis employing the Cox method confirmed the
      importance of clinical rate of disease progression in estimating prognosis of
      breast cancer.

PMID- 6582313
TI  - Farming and mortality from multiple myeloma: a case-control study with the use of
      death certificates.
AB  - A case-control study of multiple myeloma among males was conducted with the use
      of digitized mortality listings for 1968-76 from the State of Wisconsin. Age,
      year of death, race, county of usual residence, marital status, and usual
      occupation were available for the 411 male deaths due to multiple myeloma and for
      a matched series of deaths due to other causes. Farmers were at an elevated risk
      compared to nonfarmers [odds ratio (OR) = 1.4], with decedents 65 years of age or
      older having a stronger association (OR = 1.5) than younger farmers (OR = 1.1).
      County levels of selected agricultural characteristics were used as surrogate
      measures of exposure. Significantly elevated OR were observed for farmers
      residing in counties high in chicken inventory (OR = 1.6), fertilizer use (OR =
      1.7), and acres treated with insecticides (OR = 1.9). Further investigation of
      multiple myeloma among farmers is warranted.

PMID- 6582312
TI  - Measurement of a monoclonal antibody-defined, melanoma-associated antigen in
      human sera: correlation of circulating antigen levels with tumor burden.
AB  - Quantities of a 100,000-mol wt human melanoma-associated antigen (MAA), defined
      by both monoclonal and polyclonal xenoantibodies, were measured in sera of 32
      patients with malignant melanoma and 15 carefully documented healthy volunteers
      by use of an amplified sandwich enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. Detectable
      levels of MAA were found in all normal adult sera. Five of 10 patients with stage
      III and 9 of 16 patients with stage IV disease had antigen levels that exceeded.
      the 95th percentile of serum levels in the normal donors (P less than .001).
      Elevated levels of the 100K MAA were associated with evidence of residual tumor
      (P less than .008): Only 3 of 13 patients with no evidence of tumor had abnormal
      values, whereas 9 of 16 patients with evident tumor had increased serum levels.
      Levels of the 100K MAA were unrelated to the levels of soluble immune complexes
      as detected by the fluid-phase C1q binding test. Molecular evaluation of the 100K
      MAA in serum indicated that the molecule associated with albumin in a strong,
      noncovalent manner. When the complex was dissociated by treatment with sodium
      dodecyl sulfate, the 100K MAA in serum comigrated with the molecule from spent
      culture medium of human melanoma cells. Antigen levels in sera were measured
      under these dissociating conditions. These studies suggest that measurement of
      the 100K MAA may be useful in monitoring tumor burden in patients with malignant
      melanoma.

PMID- 6582314
TI  - Pigmentary traits, ethnic origin, benign nevi, and family history as risk factors
      for cutaneous malignant melanoma.
AB  - The roles of constitutional factors and benign nevi in causation of malignant
      melanoma were examined in a case-control study of 511 patients and 511 matched
      controls in Western Australia. The strongest risk factor was the number of
      palpable benign nevi on a subject's arms. Compared to the risk of melanomas for
      persons having no palpable nevi on the arms, the relative risk of melanoma was
      2.0 for persons with 1-4 nevi, 4.0 for persons with 5-9 nevi, and 11.3 for
      persons with 10 or more nevi (P less than .0001). Of the several pigmentary
      traits known to have associations with melanoma, inability to tan was the most
      important. Susceptibility to sunburn and hair color also had significant effects
      that were independent of tanning ability; however, after these traits were
      controlled, measured skin color and eye color had no additional effects. A
      reduced risk of melanoma was observed in persons having two or more Southern
      European grandparents [odds ratio (OR) = 0.39; P = .025]. Persons of Celtic
      origin did not have a significantly increased risk (OR = 1.18). Possession of one
      or more affected blood relatives was related to an increased risk of melanoma (OR
      = 2.69; P less than .0001). The effects of pigmentary traits, benign nevi, ethnic
      origin, and family history as risk factors were largely independent of one
      another.

PMID- 6582315
TI  - A population--based case--control study of renal cell carcinoma.
AB  - A population-based case-control study of renal cell carcinoma (495 cases and 697
      controls) in the Minneapolis-St. Paul seven-county metropolitan area implicated
      cigarette smoking as a risk factor with an odds ratio (OR) among men of 1.6 (95%
      confidence intervals: 1.1-2.4) and among women of 1.9 (1.3-3.0). A statistically
      significant dose response was observed in both sexes for pack-years of cigarette
      use. On the basis of calculations of attributable risk, it was estimated that 30%
      of renal cell cancers among men and 24% among women were due to smoking. High
      relative adult weight as measured by the body mass index (BMI) was found to be a
      major risk factor among women but not among men, with those in the highest 5% of
      the BMI having an OR of 5.9 (1.8-20.4) in comparison to the lowest quartile. This
      association with excess weight was not seen at age 20, but it became more
      pronounced with increasing age, suggesting that the primary influence of weight
      gain is during the late stages of renal carcinogenesis. Excess risks were also
      related to ethnic background (particularly, German), which may account in part
      for the elevated incidence of renal cancer in the North Central area of the
      United States. In addition, positive associations were observed for long-term use
      of phenacetin-containing analgesics, heavy meat consumption, and heavy tea
      drinking (females only). An occupational clue was provided by an increased risk
      for exposure to petroleum, tar, and pitch products. Excesses of certain urologic
      and cardiovascular diseases were also observed among the cases compared to
      controls.

PMID- 6582316
TI  - Oral contraceptive use and fibrocystic breast disease of different histologic
      classifications.
AB  - The relationship between oral contraceptive (OC) use and occurrence of
      fibrocystic breast disease (FBD) of different histologic classifications was
      evaluated with data from a cohort study. Biopsy specimens from 232 women with FBD
      were classified into different atypia categories. In 96 matched pairs of OC users
      and nonusers, atypia scores were lower in users than in nonusers. Women without
      breast diseases (500 OC users and 500 nonusers) were sampled from the original
      cohort to form a two-stage "anamorphic" study with the 232 cases of FBD. The
      previously shown inverse association between OC use and FBD occurrence was
      present and increased with increased length of OC use. However, the "protective
      effect" of OC use did not vary for different histologic classifications of FBD.
      The findings from both paired and anamorphic analyses of the data are not
      consistent with the hypothesis that the use of OC is associated with decreased
      frequency only of FBD with minimal epithelial atypia.

PMID- 6582317
TI  - A factor from plasma-derived human serum that inhibits the growth of the mammary
      cell line MCF-7: characterization and purification.
AB  - A protein that inhibits the replication of a malignant human mammary cell line,
      MCF-7, was purified to apparent homogeneity from human plasma-derived serum
      (PDS). Serum fractionation was accomplished by molecular sieve chromatography on
      Sephadex G-100 and Sephadex G-100 superfine columns. Further purification was
      accomplished by ion-exchange chromatography, with the use of DEAE-Sephacel
      followed by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) under
      nondenaturing conditions. Active fractions analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate
      (SDS)-PAGE showed one band with an apparent molecular weight of 53,000. Assays
      for the stability of those PDS fractions with the greatest growth-inhibitory
      activity and specificity for MCF-7 cells revealed that activity was retained
      during incubation at pH 2-10. Exposure to 6 M urea also had no effect on
      inhibitory activity. The activity was significantly reduced by incubation at 70
      degrees C for 1 hour, exposure to 0.1% SDS, and treatment with chymotrypsin.
      Isoelectrofocusing showed two isoelectric points, 5.1 and 6.8.

PMID- 6582318
TI  - A limited epizootic of neuroblastoma in coho salmon reared in chlorinated
      dechlorinated water.
AB  - During the 1976-77 brood year, approximately 12 cases of neuroblastoma were
      observed in a captive group of 100,000 fingerling coho salmon (Oncorhynchus
      kisutch) reared in a commercial hatchery. The tumors were large, occurring in the
      skeletal muscle near the dorsal fin causing conspicuous bulging of the overlying
      integument. Tumors examined from 3 fish each consisted of neuroblasts in
      trabecular patterns interspersed by glial fibrillar material and linear cavities
      resembling central neural canals lined by ependyma-like cells. Ganglion-like
      cells also were apparent morphologically and by special stain. Cancer of the
      tumor was characterized by an abundance of mitotic figures with occasional
      abnormal divisions, local invasion of normal tissues, and potentially metastatic
      tumor cell aggregates in organ vasculature. The etiology of this tumor may have
      been related to mutagenic-carcinogenic halogenated compounds possibly formed in
      the hatchery water supply during continuous chlorination of incoming river water.

PMID- 6582319
TI  - Depressed natural killer and lectin-induced cell-mediated cytotoxicity in
      cholesterol-fed guinea pigs.
AB  - Dunkin-Hartley and Hartley guinea pigs were fed a diet containing 1% cholesterol
      (C+) or a control diet (C-). The C+-fed guinea pigs showed a decrease in
      antitumor effector cell levels as measured by an in vitro 18-hour 51Cr release
      assay. Natural killer (NK) activity fell rapidly after initiation of cholesterol
      feeding, decreasing to 25.6% of control levels by 2 weeks. While the interferon
      inducer polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid increased NK activity as much as 3.6-fold
      in controls, the NK levels in C+-fed animals were not increased. NK activity was
      lower in both spleen and peripheral blood of C+-fed animals and against K562,
      MOLT-3, HL-60, and Raji target cells. Lectin-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
      was increased in the C+-fed group over, the first 1-2 weeks on the diet, but it
      dropped to low levels by 6 weeks. Lipoprotein preparations from plasmas of both
      C+- and C--fed animals inhibited NK cell activity, but suppression was not due to
      lipoprotein cholesterol content. On the basis of lipoprotein protein,
      lipoproteins from C--fed animals were more suppressive. The results suggest that
      the decrease in cytotoxicity induced by dietary cholesterol is due to more than
      the high levels of plasma and lipoprotein cholesterol.

PMID- 6582320
TI  - Tumor selection in vivo for reduced sensitivity to natural resistance and natural
      antibodies.
AB  - The contribution of natural antibodies (NAb) to the selective elimination of
      tumor variants in vivo was studied to further support the hypothesis that NAb
      participate in host-mediated natural resistance (NR) against neoplasia. Tumors
      obtained after the sc, ip, or iv inoculation of the natural killer cell
      resistant, natural antibody-sensitive L5178Y-F9 tumor clone into syngeneic DBA/2
      mice were tested for their sensitivity to NR in the [131I]5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine
      elimination assay and to serum NAb in the presence of complement. Cells removed
      from the ip or sc sites of tumor inoculation exhibited a reduced susceptibility
      to syngeneic NR and to syngeneic but not to allogeneic NAb. Tumors recovered from
      the spleen, brain, and lungs after iv inoculation also expressed a decreased
      sensitivity to both syngeneic NR and NAb. These data suggest that NR against
      tumors is widely disseminated and support the hypothesis that NAb participate in
      this antitumor defense, including the control of metastatic spread of disease.
      Tumors previously selected in vivo also exhibited reduced sensitivity to
      complement-mediated lysis by NAb acquired in the peritoneum. The correlation
      observed between this sensitivity to complement and the recovery of tumor cells
      after the ip injection of L5178Y-F9 contribute to the evidence that NAb acts in
      vivo.

PMID- 6582321
TI  - Specific chromosome translocation in pristane-induced plasmacytomas of NZB mice.
AB  - The karyotypes of 3 pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethyl-pentadecane)-induced NZB
      mouse plasmacytomas producing IgA (plasmacytoma TEPC-3660), IgG3K (plasmacytoma
      TEPC-6583), and IgG2aK plus IgG3K (plasmacytoma TEPC-6906) were studied in early
      transplantation generations by the combined Hoechst 33258-quinacrine mustard
      banding method. The two IgG producers (TEPC-6583 and TEPC-6906) showed diploid
      chromosome number, whereas the IgA producer (TEPC-3660) showed hypotetraploid
      chromosome number. Banding analysis revealed that these 3 plasmacytomas
      consistently had the t(12;15) translocation with the specific breakpoints at 12F2
      and 15D2. Taken together with the previous observation of t(12;15) in
      plasmacytomas of BALB/c and C3H mice, these results suggest that the t(12;15) is
      specific for murine plasmacytomas and that the putative gene(s) on the t(12;15)
      may participate in the genesis of murine plasmacytomas.

PMID- 6582322
TI  - Morphologic characteristics of thymic lymphomas induced by N-nitroso-N-propylurea
      in F344 rats.
AB  - Eighty-two thymic tumors induced by N-nitroso-N-propylurea in inbred F344/DuCrj
      rats were examined by light and electron microscopy. These tumors were diagnosed
      as malignant lymphomas and classified according to light microscopic features
      into three types: 1) lymphoblastic (57%), 2) large cell (32%), and 3) pleomorphic
      (11%). Electron microscopy revealed no epithelial cells in all 82 malignant
      lymphomas, except for 2, in which one sheet of epithelial cells was found under
      the capsule. This finding confirmed that all of these thymic tumors were
      malignant lymphomas, not thymomas. The tumors of the lymphoblastic and large cell
      types consisted of lymphoid cells with a few macrophages. Lymphoid cells of the
      lymphoblastic type were medium sized and contained a moderate amount of
      polyribosomes and a few clustered dense bodies; cells of the large cell type were
      much larger than those of the lymphoblastic type and contained many more
      polyribosomes and larger nucleoli. The tumors of the pleomorphic type consisted
      of lymphoid cells with severely infolded nuclei and interdigitating reticulum
      cells that were thought to be nonneoplastic in nature. No viral particle was
      found in these cells among the three types of thymic lymphomas.

PMID- 6582323
TI  - Adaptive changes in spontaneously transformed Balb/3T3 cells during tumor
      formation and subsequent cultivation.
AB  - Cells from a clone of Balb/3T3 cells, which underwent spontaneous morphologic
      transformation and consistently had a high colony-forming efficiency when
      suspended in agar [colony-forming efficiency in agar (CFEag)], also formed
      primitive, pleomorphic sarcomas when inoculated into N:NIH(S)II-nu/nu mice. Cells
      cultured from 1 of the tumors had only 10% of the CFEag of those used to initiate
      the tumor but drifted back to the original high level during the first 2 months
      in culture. Twelve clones of the tumor cells differed widely from one another in
      CFEag in each of seven successive assays over a 10-week period, although the
      difference was most pronounced in the first assay. The CFEag for some of the
      clones fluctuated greatly in successive assays. Two of the clones usually scored
      lower than the others, and their average CFEag for the seven assays was
      significantly lower than that of the others. The ability of cells from a second
      tumor to form colonies in agar also increased with successive passaging. All
      clones from the second tumor increased in CFEag to a similar extent as the
      parental population in the same time period, suggesting the increase was the
      result of adaptation rather than selection of preexisting variants. A tumor
      produced from a different subpopulation of transformed cells yielded cells with
      the same CFEag as the input cells. Thus some populations of transformed cells
      change some of their characteristics when passaged in animals and again when
      passaged in culture.

PMID- 6582324
TI  - Effects of mechlorethamine (HN2, nitrogen mustard) on UV-induced carcinogenesis
      in hairless mouse skin.
AB  - The influence of mechlorethamine (HN2, nitrogen mustard) on UV-induced
      carcinogenesis was examined in the hairless mouse skin in vivo. Noncarcinogenic
      amounts of topically applied HN2 and carcinogenic levels of UVB energy were used
      in the study. The HN2 applications significantly accelerated the appearance and
      growth of cutaneous tumors in this study. Thus HN2 acted as either a promoter or
      cocarcinogen for UV-induced cancer formation. Although the mechanism of this
      effect was not established, combinations of UVB radiation and HN2 topical therapy
      pointed to an increased incidence of cutaneous tumors in human skin.

PMID- 6582325
TI  - Fusion of plasmacytoma and host cells in vivo: selection of proliferating and
      nonproliferating cultures.
AB  - The double-mutant cell line 4T00.1 is derived from a plasmacytoma of a BALB/c
      mouse and is resistant to 6-thioguanine and ouabain. These cells were inoculated
      into (BALB/c X C57BL)F1 mice by different routes--sc, ip, intrasplenically, and
      intrathymically. The degree of tumorigenicity and pattern of tumor development
      were site-dependent. Intrasplenic inoculation of 10(3)-10(4) 4T00.1 cells
      resulted in development of large omental tumors accompanied by marked ascites.
      Tenfold to a thousandfold more 4T00.1 cells were required to obtain tumors by
      other routes. From all solid tumors and ascites and from various organs of tumor
      bearing mice, which were explanted into culture in double selective medium
      containing hypoxanthine, aminopterin, and thymidine plus ouabain (in which only
      hybrids between 4T00.1 and normal cells can survive), proliferating and
      nonproliferating cultures were obtained. Of the 14 proliferating cultures, 9
      proved to be hybrids by chromosome and H-2 isoantigen analyses and were
      tumorigenic when 10(6) cells were inoculated sc into syngeneic F1 mice.

PMID- 6582326
TI  - Murine L5178Y cells resulting in altered drug sensitivities from fractionated
      radiation exposure in vitro.
AB  - Exposure of murine L5178Y cells in vitro to fractionated X-irradiation (DXR)
      produced a subline that exhibited significantly altered responses to the
      cytotoxic effects of a range of antitumor drugs. A DXR schedule of 2 Gy per
      fraction for 10 fractions (total dose, 20 Gy) was used. Characterization of this
      subline revealed no marked differences when compared with the parent line in
      terms of growth rate, cloning efficiency, cell volume, chromosome number,
      macromolecular content, cell cycle distribution, or response to acute DXR
      exposure. Drug sensitivities were assessed following 24-hour exposures by colony
      formation in soft agar. Three distinct patterns of response were found: increased
      sensitivity of DXR-pretreated cells to bleomycin, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum
      (II), or dibromodulcitol; comparable responses in both lines to doxorubicin, 5
      fluorouracil, or hydroxyurea; and decreased sensitivity of DXR-pretreated cells
      to vincristine or VP 16213.

PMID- 6582327
TI  - Zinc deficiency and the development of esophageal and forestomach tumors in
      Sprague-Dawley rats fed precursors of N-nitroso-N-benzylmethylamine.
AB  - Nine-week-old zinc-sufficient (100 mg zinc/kg feed) and zinc-deficient (7 mg
      zinc/kg feed) noninbred male Sprague-Dawley rats were given free access 5 days a
      week to deionized drinking water containing low (0.05%) or high (0.25%)
      quantities of benzylmethylamine (BMA) and concurrently 0.5% NaNO2. In contrast to
      the action of the preformed carcinogen N-nitroso-N-benzylmethylamine, which
      almost invariably produced esophageal tumors, oral administration of its
      precursors, BMA and NaNO2, resulted in forestomach tumors as well. In both the
      high- and low-BMA groups given precursors for 16 weeks, the incidence of
      papillomas in both the esophagus and forestomach was significantly higher in the
      zinc-deficient than in the zinc-sufficient rats, but zinc deficiency did not
      significantly increase the yield of forestomach carcinomas. However, when
      combined high BMA and NaNO2 administration was prolonged to 37 weeks, the yield
      of forestomach carcinomas was significantly greater in the zinc-deficient than in
      the zinc-sufficient animals. Because endogenous synthesis of N-nitrosamines from
      ingested precursors is an important source of human exposure to these
      carcinogenic compounds and because dietary zinc deficiency might be operating in
      some areas with a high incidence of esophageal cancer, our data are of more than
      routine significance.

PMID- 6582328
TI  - Potentiation of cytotoxicity of anticancer agents by several different polyene
      antibiotics.
AB  - The ability of several different polyenes to potentiate the cytotoxicity of
      carmustine, lomustine (LOM), and doxorubicin (DX) against AKR mouse leukemia was
      quantitated. All polyenes could potentiate the cytotoxicity of the anticancer
      agents; however, the methyl ester derivatives of the heptaenes amphotericin B and
      candicidin and the triene trienine were most effective with potentiations in the
      order of ten thousandfold for DX and LOM. A steep dose-response relationship for
      the polyenes was also noted. Neither the toxicity of the polyenes nor their level
      of potentiation could be correlated with structure or class.

PMID- 6582329
TI  - 4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane: promoting effect on the development of thyroid
      tumors in rats treated with N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine.
AB  - 4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane (4,4'-methylenedianiline) (DDPM) promoted the
      development of thyroid tumors in rats treated with a subeffective dose of N-bis(2
      hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (2,2'-dihydroxy-N-nitrosodipropylamine) (DHPN) for
      thyroid tumorigenesis. Male inbred W rats were given a single ip injection of 280
      mg DHPN/100 g body weight and fed diets with or without 1,000 ppm DDPM. Thyroid
      tumor incidences at the end of week 20 of the experiment were 90% (19/21) in rats
      given DHPN and then DDPM and 28% (6/21) in rats given DHPN alone. The incidence
      of thyroid cancers was 9.5% (2/21) in rats first given DHPN and then DDPM.
      Untreated rats and rats given DDPM alone had no thyroid tumors after 20 weeks.
      Incidences of kidney tumors were 38% (8/21) in rats given DHPN and then DDPM and
      28% (6/21) in rats given DHPN alone. No tumors were found in the kidneys and
      lungs of rats given DDPM alone and in those of control rats. Treatment with DDPM
      alone slightly but not significantly decreased the serum concentrations of
      thyroxine and triiodothyronine; treatment with DHPN plus DDPM had no such effect.

PMID- 6582330
TI  - Promotion of 2-(ethylnitrosamino)ethanol-induced renal carcinogenesis in rats by
      nephrotoxic compounds: positive responses with folic acid, basic lead acetate,
      and N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide but not with 2,3-dibromo-1-propanol
      phosphate.
AB  - The promoting effects of nephrotoxic chemicals, folic acid (FA), N-(3,5
      dichlorophenyl)succinimide (NDPS), 2,3-dibromo-1-propanol phosphate (Tris-BP),
      and basic lead acetate (LAB), on 2-(ethylnitrosamino)ethanol (EHEN)-induced renal
      carcinogenesis were examined in F344 rats. The rats were treated with 0.1% EHEN
      in their drinking water for 1 week and then given one of the nephrotoxic
      chemicals for 35 weeks. FA was injected sc once a week at a dose of 300 mg/kg for
      the first 8 weeks and thereafter at 100 mg/kg. NDPS, Tris-BP, and LAB were mixed
      in the diet at concentrations of 0.5, 0.01, and 0.1%, respectively. At week 3 the
      right kidney was removed to enhance renal neoplasia. Renal cell tumor incidence
      was significantly increased by both FA and LAB and was slightly increased by
      NDPS, whereas Tris-BP had no effect. The data show that FA, LAB, and NDPS are
      promoters of EHEN-induced renal carcinogenesis.

PMID- 6582331
TI  - Trisodium nitrilotriacetate monohydrate: promoting effects on the development of
      renal tubular cell tumors in rats treated with N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine.
AB  - The effect of trisodium nitrilotriacetate monohydrate [N,N
      bis(carboxymethyl)glycine trisodium salt] (Na3NTA X H2O) on development of renal
      tubular cell tumors induced with N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine [CAS:13147-25
      6; 2-(ethylnitrosamino)-ethanol] (EHEN) was studied. Six-week-old male inbred W
      rats were given a diet containing 1,000 ppm of EHEN for 2 weeks and then a diet
      containing a high (10,000 ppm) or low (500 ppm) concentration of Na3NTA X H2O for
      30 weeks. The rats were killed during week 32. The higher concentration of Na3NTA
      X H2O enhanced the development of renal tubular cell tumors and increased the
      number and size of tumors in rats treated with EHEN, but the lower concentration
      of Na3NTA X H2O did not. The incidence of renal tubular cell tumors in week 32
      was 33% in rats treated with 1,000 ppm EHEN for 2 weeks, 100% in rats treated
      with 1,000 ppm EHEN for 2 weeks plus high Na3NTA X H2O diet for 30 weeks, and 39%
      in rats treated with 1,000 ppm EHEN for 2 weeks and then given low Na3NTA X H2O
      diet for 30 weeks. Numbers of atypical cell foci per kidney area (No./cm2) were
      17.0 +/- 7.6 in rats treated with EHEN and high Na3NTA X H2O, 7.3 +/- 2.2 in rats
      treated with EHEN and low Na3NTA X H2O, 3.7 +/- 1.4 in rats treated with EHEN
      alone, and 1.0 +/- 2.4 in rats treated with high Na3NTA X H2O diet alone.
      Atypical cell foci retained a tubular pattern and consisted of basophilic cells
      with a large nucleus or clear cells with a small nucleus.

PMID- 6582332
TI  - Stimulation of normal erythropoiesis in vitro by macrophages from erythroleukemic
      mice.
AB  - The erythroleukemia induced in mice by the Friend virus complex is caused to
      regress by macrophages. To determine whether the effect of macrophages on
      leukemia is due to their role in the regulation of erythropoiesis, investigators
      examined the influence of macrophages from normal and leukemic mice on in vitro
      colony formation by erythroid progenitor cells [colony-forming units of erythroid
      progenitor cells (CFU-E)]. Plasma clot cultures of CFU-E were grown over
      monolayers of macrophages separated from the CFU-E cultures by a layer of agar.
      Macrophages from progressors (those leukemic mice that will not undergo leukemia
      regression) significantly stimulated CFU-E, whereas macrophages from regressors
      (those that will undergo leukemia regression) had no effect on colony formation.
      Monolayers of normal resident macrophages did not affect in vitro erythropoiesis,
      while less mature macrophages (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) or
      nonspecifically activated macrophages (exudate induced) in monolayer stimulated
      CFU-E. Stimulation by macrophages from leukemic mice was dependent on the
      presence of virus-producing cells. CFU-E from erythroleukemic mice were resistant
      to stimulation by leukemic macrophages. These results demonstrated that
      macrophages from progressively leukemic mice influenced normal colony formation
      of CFU-E in vitro and that these effects could be related to the ability of
      macrophages to cause leukemia regression.

PMID- 6582333
TI  - [Osteogenic sarcoma of the rib with lesions in the respiratory tract].

PMID- 6582334
TI  - Dislocation of the manubrium from the body of the sternum.

PMID- 6582335
TI  - Moped accidents in South Carolina.

PMID- 6582336
TI  - Characterization of rabies consultations in South Carolina, 1979-1981.

PMID- 6582337
TI  - Psychiatric hospitalization of emotionally disturbed children and adolescents.

PMID- 6582338
TI  - How to treat sensitive dentin.

PMID- 6582339
TI  - Class III and Class V modified cavity preparations for composite resins.

PMID- 6582340
TI  - ALL masquerading as AUL.
AB  - Of 597 cases of acute leukaemia in adults (greater than 16 years) seen at St.
      Bartholomew's Hospital, London, between May 1973 and January 1982, 412 were
      diagnosed as AML, 103 as ALL and 58 as Philadelphia chromosome positive blast
      crisis of CML (13 presenting as acute leukaemia and 45 having a prior chronic
      phase). The remaining 24 cases were considered to be acute undifferentiated
      leukaemia. Twenty-one of the latter were investigated using a panel of
      immunological markers at diagnosis and/or retrospectively using frozen cell
      suspensions. Eighteen out of 21 were shown to have a predominantly 'lymphoid'
      phenotype which comprised 12 cases of common ALL (two of whom were Ph1 positive),
      three cases of null-ALL, one case with a probable early thymic phenotype, and two
      cases with a monoclonal B lymphoblast phenotype. One 'common ALL' and one 'null
      ALL' had a significant proportion of pre-B (cytoplasmic mu chain+) cells. One
      other case reacted with anti-myeloid sera. Leukaemic blasts from two patients
      were unreactive with all markers tested. No cases of glycophorin positive
      erythroleukaemia or anti-platelet (glycoprotein I) positive leukaemia were
      detected. These observations suggest that the overwhelming majority of acute
      leukaemias have an identifiable affiliation to the lymphoid or myeloid lineages
      and that patients diagnosed haematologically as 'AUL' might benefit by therapy
      appropriate for their leukaemic cell type.

PMID- 6582341
TI  - Response of recurrent acute lymphoblastic leukemia to glucocorticoids: serial
      studies of receptor content, in vivo cytokinetic changes and clinical responses.
AB  - The sensitivity of relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to treatment with
      steroids was assessed by measuring bone marrow blast, whole-cell glucocorticoid
      receptor (GR) levels and serial cytokinetic and clinical responses to steroids,
      both as single agents and in combination reinduction chemotherapy. GR levels
      ranged widely, from 1800 to 47,800 sites/cell (median 16,000), and did not differ
      significantly from levels measured in newly diagnosed patients (p = 0.50).
      Nineteen of the 48 children studied had GR levels measured both at diagnosis and
      relapse, and in 14 the values at relapse were either decreased or increased by
      more than 25%. For nine children, the sensitivity to a three-day oral course of
      dexamethasone alone (6 mg/m2 per day) was estimated from daily leukocyte counts
      and serial bone marrow cytokinetic studies. A clinical oncolytic effect of
      dexamethasone was associated with a reduction in the marrow cell proliferating
      compartment, as judged from labeling indices, mitotic indices and percent S + G2
      + M in five patients. We found, however, that GR levels either alone or combined
      with clinical or cytokinetic responses to dexamethasone as a single agent did not
      reliably identify patients who were likely to respond favorably to reinduction
      with steroid-containing combination chemotherapy. The 35 children who
      successfully attained subsequent remissions had GR levels similar to those who
      failed (p = 0.35). While not statistically significant, two observations suggest
      an association between lower receptor content and drug resistance. Receptor
      levels from patients with ALL who relapsed while on chemotherapy were appreciably
      lower (median 15,700, n = 31) than GR levels from patients who relapsed off
      therapy (median 20,300, n = 17) (p = 0.08). Moreover, three of seven patients
      with serial studies, whose GR levels at relapse were lower than at diagnosis,
      failed reinduction--compared to only one of twelve whose levels were either
      increased or remained unchanged (p = 0.11). Although not having any obvious
      clinical utility, studies of GR at diagnosis and at relapse may aid in clarifying
      mechanisms of drug resistance in leukemic blasts.

PMID- 6582342
TI  - A case of erythroleukaemia with homogeneously staining regions on chromosomes.
AB  - A case of erythroleukaemia with homogeneously staining regions on chromosomes is
      described. The number of chromosomes in bone marrow cells varied from 41 to 46
      with a mode of 43. A variety of structural and numerical chromosomal
      abnormalities was observed. Two marker chromosomes with homogeneously staining
      regions were found in all aneuploid cells examined. Intensive chemotherapy failed
      to induce a remission and the patient died 3.9 months after diagnosis. The
      relation of the homogeneously staining regions on chromosomes to the two courses
      of chemotherapy prior to cytogenetic study is discussed.

PMID- 6582343
TI  - Kinetics of colony-forming cells (CFU-c) in adult acute leukemia and their
      prognostic relevance.
AB  - The in vitro growth pattern of bone marrow and peripheral blood in soft-agar
      cultures was studied in 50 previously untreated patients with adult acute
      leukemia. Patients were followed from time of first diagnosis, during induction
      treatment, in remission at various time intervals, at relapse and during
      subsequent re-induction therapy. The distribution of granulopoietic progenitor
      cells was analysed to determine their prognostic significance for remission
      incidence, remission duration and survival. All patients revealed an abnormal
      growth. ANLL patients showing a decreased clone number in the marrow but an
      increased number of clones in the peripheral blood, had a significant higher
      probability to enter remission and a significant longer remission than those
      having clones within normal range at first presentation. On the contrary, ALL
      patients responding to induction treatment, had a better colony and cluster
      growth in the bone marrow than those failing to respond. No significant
      correlation was found between in vitro growth and survival. It is concluded that
      colony-forming cells of both bone marrow and peripheral blood seems to be of some
      value in predicting the response rate and length of remission in ANLL and ALL,
      and in possibly selecting patients with a high chance to respond to current
      cytostatic regimens.

PMID- 6582344
TI  - Acidic isoferritins do not suppress differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemic M1
      cells.
AB  - The differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemia line cells (M1) into macrophages or
      granulocytes has been reported. Resistant M1 cells which did not differentiate
      even with a high concentration of inducer of differentiation were isolated from
      M1 cells. The conditioned medium of the resistant M1 cells (RCM) inhibited the
      induction of differentiation of M1 cells and the formation of macrophage and
      granulocyte colonies of normal mouse bone marrow cells. Acidic isoferritins known
      as negative regulators of normal bone marrow cells (CFU-GM) failed to inhibit the
      induction of differentiation and growth of M1 cells. The RCM treated with anti
      acidic isoferritin serum could inhibit the induction of differentiation of M1
      cells as did the untreated RCM. The activities, in RCM, inhibiting growth and
      differentiation of the normal bone marrow cells were partly neutralized by
      treatment with the antiserum but most of the activities remained. These results
      suggest that growth and differentiation of the mouse myeloid leukemia M1 cells
      are not regulated by acidic isoferritins and other inhibitory activities
      affecting normal bone marrow colony formation, in addition to acidic
      isoferritins, are released from M1 cells.

PMID- 6582345
TI  - Chronic myeloid leukaemia and the Philadelphia translocation: do the c-sis
      oncogene and platelet-derived growth factor provide the link?
AB  - The study of cellular oncogenes and of chromosomal abnormalities in human tumours
      has, in several instances, suggested a link between a specific oncogene
      translocation and oncogenesis. It was recently suggested that the translocation
      of the c-abl gene (the human cellular homologue of the transforming sequence of
      Abelson murine leukaemia virus) from chromosome 9 to 22 in Philadelphia
      translocation, might have a role in the generation of chronic myeloid leukaemia
      (CML). We propose an alternative hypothesis and suggest that the translocation of
      another gene, c-sis, may be more important.

PMID- 6582346
TI  - Osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma of the head and neck.
AB  - Osteosarcomas and chondrosarcomas are rare malignant neoplasms in the head and
      neck. Eighteen cases seen at the UCLA Center for the Health Sciences are
      reviewed. Osteosarcomas of the maxilla tended to occur a decade later than those
      of the mandible or cranial bones. Several followed prior irradiation for
      retinoblastoma. Complete excision offers the only realistic chance for cure.
      Adjuvant therapy has little to offer these patients at this time.

PMID- 6582347
TI  - The effect of diabetic control on very low-density lipoprotein--triglyceride
      metabolism in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and marked
      hypertriglyceridemia.
AB  - We examined the effect of diabetic control on very low-density lipoprotein
      triglyceride (VLDL-TG) metabolism in six patients with type II (noninsulin
      dependent) diabetes mellitus and marked hypertriglyceridemia. VLDL-TG transport
      was determined using 3H-glycerol as an endogenous precursor of VLDL-TG, and the
      resultant kinetic data were evaluated by multicompartmental analysis. Studies
      were performed in the hypertriglyceridemic diabetic subjects during poor diabetic
      control and again after 3 months of diabetic treatment, and the results were
      compared to studies in nondiabetic normolipidemic subjects and nondiabetic
      subjects with familial forms of hypertriglyceridemia. In the poorly controlled
      diabetics, mean VLDL-TG synthesis was threefold higher than in the normolipidemic
      subjects, and the mean fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of VLDL-TG was only one
      third of the normals. With diabetic treatment, plasma triglyceride levels fell by
      more than 50%, but remained fourfold higher than the normals. This was associated
      with a decrease in mean VLDL-TG synthesis to a level similar to that observed in
      the genetic hyperlipidemic subjects, but still 2.6-fold higher than the normals.
      In addition, the mean FCR rose after diabetic control to a level slightly above
      that of the genetic hyperlipidemic subjects, but remained less than one-half of
      the normal value. However, the response of VLDL-TG kinetics to diabetic treatment
      was not uniform. In four subjects, control of hyperglycemia ameliorated the
      hypertriglyceridemia primarily by decreasing VLDL-TG overproduction. In the other
      two subjects, diabetic treatment had a greater effect on the FCR than an
      overproduction of VLDL-TG. Thus, in this select group of diabetic,
      hypertriglyceridemic subjects, poor diabetic control contributed to both VLDL-TG
      overproduction and low FCRs. Failure of diabetic treatment to restore VLDL-TG
      kinetic parameters to normal suggests that the hypertriglyceridemia was due not
      only to diabetes mellitus but also to an additional abnormality affecting
      lipoprotein metabolism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6582348
TI  - UV non-mutable mutant from V-79 Chinese hamster cells.
AB  - To get an idea about the response of a living system, exposed to gradually
      increasing doses of a mutagen for several generations, a population of V-79
      Chinese hamster cells was exposed repeatedly to gradually increasing doses of UV
      radiation. Each dose was followed by a variable period of growth for at least ten
      generations. After treatment the cells were not mutable by UV radiation, though
      MNNG was capable of producing mutations with the same efficiency as in the
      untreated cells. In terms of viability, the treated cells behaved exactly as the
      untreated ones for both UV and MNNG. The observed behaviour of the treated cells
      was found to be stable for during the 50 passages studied.

PMID- 6582350
TI  - Chromosome 16 rearrangements in acute myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal
      eosinophils.

PMID- 6582349
TI  - [Orodental changes in the aged and their consequences (III). Apropos of a
      transverse epidemiological study in a long-term stay facility].

PMID- 6582351
TI  - Alteration of case reports in "running--an analogue of anorexia?".

PMID- 6582353
TI  - Activation of N-ras gene in bone marrow cells from a patient with acute
      myeloblastic leukaemia.
AB  - Human tumour cell lines of various histological origin contain genes that can
      transform NIH 3T3 cells in culture. Most frequently the gene is an activated K
      ras gene, more rarely an activated H-ras gene, and sometimes the recently
      discovered N-ras. Other transforming genes, distinct from ras, have been found in
      B- and T-cell leukaemias. Since most of the transforming genes have been
      identified in cell lines, it is still unclear at what stage the genes become
      activated. We have therefore initiated a study to determine if the presence of a
      transforming gene correlates with the clinical course of a malignant disease.
      Here we demonstrate the presence of a transforming N-ras gene in bone marrow
      cells from a patient with acute myeloblastic leukaemia at the outbreak of the
      acute disease phase. Fibroblast DNA from the same patient was not transforming.
      In contrast to HL-60 cells, no alteration of the myc gene was detected.

PMID- 6582352
TI  - Activation of extra copies of genes coding for nitrogenase in Rhodopseudomonas
      capsulata.
AB  - Biological nitrogen fixation requires the nitrogenase enzyme complex, ATP, and a
      strong reductant. Klebsiella pneumoniae contains 15 linked nitrogen fixation
      (nif) genes, three of which, nifH, nifD and nifK have been sufficiently conserved
      in evolution that cloned K. pneumoniae nifHDK DNA will hybridize to DNA sequences
      from every nitrogen-fixing bacterium examined to date, including the purple, non
      sulphur bacterium Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, in which one complete nifHDK operon
      has been mapped. Using cloned K. pneumoniae nifHDK DNA we report here that R.
      capsulata contains multiple copies of the genes for nitrogenase components. Two
      regions containing sequences homologous to all three nif structural genes have
      been identified, and mutations in one region produced a Nif- phenotype. Nif+
      pseudorevertants were derived from these mutants, some of which retained the
      original mutation suggesting that some of the extra nif gene sequences can be
      functionally activated.

PMID- 6582354
TI  - Giardiasis at North Carolina Memorial Hospital.

PMID- 6582355
TI  - The question of a cancer epidemic: a case study of Cherokee County, North
      Carolina.

PMID- 6582356
TI  - How much does aphasia contribute to the localization of language?

PMID- 6582357
TI  - Determination of "code status" in North Carolina: still a delicate process.

PMID- 6582358
TI  - The case for otolaryngic allergy.

PMID- 6582359
TI  - How parents and professionals can help the stuttering child.

PMID- 6582360
TI  - Freckles, moles, and melanomas.

PMID- 6582361
TI  - Death, the ultimate cure for insomnia--Placidyl overdose.

PMID- 6582362
TI  - Muscle pains like you have never seen!

PMID- 6582364
TI  - Cigarette smoking and its promotion: editorials are not enough.

PMID- 6582363
TI  - [Clinical and experimental studies on the role of Ca++ in etiology of cerebral
      vasospasm].
AB  - Total Ca and Ca++ in cerebrospinal fluid were measured from the patient with
      subarachnoidal hemorrhage due to ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Relationship was
      studied between the values of total Ca and Ca++ and grades of cerebral vasospasm
      on cerebral angiograms. Additionally, experimental studies were performed on
      helical strip of dogs' basilar arteries with constrictable substances such as
      serotonin (5-HT), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), KC1 and oxy-hemoglobin
      (Oxy-Hb). Findings were as follows: There was a gradual increasing of vasospasm
      in the patients whose cerebrospinal fluid contained high values of total Ca at
      one or two days after rupture of aneurysm. In all samples of bloody cerebrospinal
      fluid, values of Ca++ were almost the same or lower than that of control group.
      The time course of Ca++ concentrations was remarkably decreased in the groups
      with increased vasospasm. In the experimental study, continuous constriction of
      helical strips were induced with high concentration of KC1 and physiological
      values of Oxy-Hb, but 5-HT and PGF2 alpha constricted only in a short time. The
      effects of KC1 and Oxy-Hb were remarkably inhibited when Ca++-antagonist was
      added to the artificial cerebrospinal fluid or Ca++ was freed from the fluid.
      With these results, it was thought that Oxy-Hb might be the most important
      substance for cerebral vasospasm and it may affect cerebral vessels with Ca++ in
      cerebrospinal fluid. It was, however, an unreasonable result that time course of
      Ca++ decreased on the patients with severe vasospasm when vasospasm increased.
      Then, high concentration of total Ca at acute stage after subarachnoidal
      hemorrhage was considered as it may trigger the incidence of cerebral vasospasm.

PMID- 6582365
TI  - Policy over politics. The first statement on smoking and health by the Surgeon
      General of the United States Public Health Service.

PMID- 6582366
TI  - Ending the cigarette pandemic.

PMID- 6582367
TI  - A dialogue with Surgeon General Koop: confronting America's most costly health
      problem. Interview by Alan Blum.

PMID- 6582368
TI  - The systemic and coronary hemodynamic response to cigarette smoking.

PMID- 6582369
TI  - "Less hazardous" cigarettes: fact or fiction?

PMID- 6582370
TI  - The economics of smoking: dollars and sense.

PMID- 6582371
TI  - The politics of tobacco: curse and cure.

PMID- 6582372
TI  - The research smokescreen. Moving from academic debate to action on smoking.

PMID- 6582373
TI  - Culpable negligence: a case for the courts?

PMID- 6582374
TI  - Cigarette advertising and The New York Times: an ethical issue that's unfit to
      print?

PMID- 6582375
TI  - "Precious baby".

PMID- 6582377
TI  - Are physicians to blame if patients smoke?

PMID- 6582376
TI  - Doctors who smoke.

PMID- 6582378
TI  - Cigarettes and fire deaths.

PMID- 6582379
TI  - The New York Cigarette Fire Safety Act.

PMID- 6582380
TI  - The Minnesota Clean Indoor Air Act. A model for New York and other states.

PMID- 6582381
TI  - A physician-led referendum for cleaner air in Florida.

PMID- 6582382
TI  - Clean indoor-air legislation: the Illinois experience.

PMID- 6582383
TI  - Preventing tomorrow's epidemic. The control of smoking and tobacco production in
      developing countries.

PMID- 6582384
TI  - The environmental impact of tobacco production in developing countries.

PMID- 6582385
TI  - Aspects of smoking in developing countries in Africa.

PMID- 6582386
TI  - Smoking or health: the Brazilian option.

PMID- 6582387
TI  - Smoking in Malaysia. Promotion and control.

PMID- 6582388
TI  - India's shame. A war on smallpox but a welcome for cigarettes.

PMID- 6582389
TI  - The transnational tobacco and alcohol conglomerates. A world oligopoly.

PMID- 6582390
TI  - The business of smoking.

PMID- 6582391
TI  - BUGA-UP (Billboard Utilizing Graffitists Against Unhealthy Promotions). An
      Australian movement to end cigarette advertising.

PMID- 6582392
TI  - Community-based strategies to fight smoking. Experiences from the North Karelia
      project in Finland.

PMID- 6582393
TI  - When "more doctors smoked Camels": cigarette advertising in the Journal.

PMID- 6582394
TI  - Helping patients withdraw from smoking.

PMID- 6582395
TI  - Myths and realities of smoking cessation.

PMID- 6582396
TI  - A positive health strategy for the office waiting room.

PMID- 6582397
TI  - Fluoridation on trial.

PMID- 6582398
TI  - Presidential address. Towards the future.

PMID- 6582399
TI  - Some characteristics of in vitro caries lesions induced in enamel by fluoride
      containing organic acid buffers.

PMID- 6582400
TI  - Impregnation of caries-like lesions with dental resins.

PMID- 6582401
TI  - Risks with intravenous diazepam.

PMID- 6582402
TI  - Mortality and social class in New Zealand. III: male mortality by ethnic group.
AB  - Social class differences in male mortality in New Zealand were investigated
      separately for Maori, Pacific Island and other New Zealand males aged 15-64. All
      three groups displayed strong social class mortality gradients but, for each
      class, the Maori mortality rates were approximately 50% higher than the rates for
      the "other" category, while the Pacific Islander rates generally occupied an
      intermediate position. The Maori mortality rates were particularly high for the
      disease groupings of respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, genito-urinary
      diseases, endocrine, nutritional and metabolic disorders and diseases of the
      circulatory system other than coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease-
      even when the data were adjusted for age and social class factors. The Pacific
      Islander rates were high for the same disease groupings except for endocrine,
      nutritional and metabolic disorders. Overall, there were substantial social class
      differences and ethnic differences in mortality and these were largely
      independent so that only about one-fifth of the Maori mortality excess was
      attributable to social class factors. Four-fifths of the Maori excess was not
      attributable to such factors indicating that interventions aimed specifically at
      lower socio-economic groups will not eliminate the current mortality differences
      between Maoris and non-Maoris.

PMID- 6582403
TI  - Vitamin A revisited--the synthetic retinoids.

PMID- 6582404
TI  - How many children are fully immunised?
AB  - An attempt was made to find the number of confirmed immunisations received by a
      group of Whangarei four-year-olds. The claims made for the immunisation benefit
      by each child's general practitioner were compared with questionnaire responses
      given by the parents of the children. Of 135 parents, 91.1% claimed that their
      child had received all four early childhood immunisations. Corresponding claims
      for the immunisation benefit by the child's general practitioner for all four
      immunisations were found in only 34.9% of cases. There was 79.7% agreement
      between parental reports and general practitioners' claims for the three-month
      immunisation. Corresponding figures were 72.3%, 67.2% and 66.4% for the five-,
      twelve- and eighteen-month immunisations respectively. These findings suggest
      that many children miss one or two immunisations rather than a few missing most.
      Present methods of monitoring may therefore tend to over-estimate the level of
      full immunisation. Computerisation of immunisation data is proposed as an
      alternative.

PMID- 6582405
TI  - Knowledge and practice of New Zealand mothers in the treatment of infantile
      diarrhoea.
AB  - One hundred and ninety-four mothers in the Christchurch area were questioned
      concerning their knowledge and treatment of diarrhoea in infants. Results showed
      that although traditional ideas have changed and there is some awareness of the
      need to use fluid replacement, there is a lack of appreciation of the importance
      of solutes in oral rehydration, suggesting that New Zealand is as much in need of
      health education as developing countries in this particular facet, as well as in
      other related matters.

PMID- 6582406
TI  - Tracheo-oesophageal fistula in Christchurch: a review.
AB  - The management of tracheo-oesophageal fistulae at Christchurch from 1968-1982 has
      been reviewed. Thirty-one cases have been diagnosed with 26 undergoing surgery.
      There has been an overall mortality of 48% but there was a trend towards improved
      survival figures. Other congenital anomalies were present in 56%. Oesophageal
      stenosis occurred in four of the operative cases and led to major problems in
      management.

PMID- 6582407
TI  - Practice nurse home visits survey: Otumoetai Health Centre 1981-82.

PMID- 6582408
TI  - Kaposi's sarcoma and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

PMID- 6582409
TI  - Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

PMID- 6582410
TI  - Hepatitis B virus.

PMID- 6582411
TI  - Pneumococcal serotype distribution and vaccine relevance.

PMID- 6582412
TI  - Behcets syndrome in New Zealand.

PMID- 6582413
TI  - The School of Dental and Oral Surgery, Columbia University.

PMID- 6582414
TI  - The case for New York University College of Dentistry.

PMID- 6582415
TI  - State University of New York at Buffalo School of Dentistry.

PMID- 6582416
TI  - School of Dental Medicine State University of New York at Stony Brook.

PMID- 6582417
TI  - DSSNY launches marketing workshops as new membership benefit.

PMID- 6582418
TI  - Roentgen oddities.

PMID- 6582419
TI  - Role of prostaglandin-induced cervical changes in labor induction.
AB  - The role of the cervix in labor induction has been studied in a previous report.
      Cervical preparation by mechanical methods did not alter the course of induced
      labor. The same hypothesis is further elucidated in the present study using
      prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppositories for cervical preparation. Forty-seven
      pregnant women near term with Bishop scores of 4 or less were divided into three
      study groups: control subjects, oxytocin-treated patients, and prostaglandin
      group. A 12-hour preparation phase procedure was carried out to produce cervical
      and/or myometrial changes. All women had continuous measurement of uterine
      activity by an extraovular catheter. At the end of the preparation phase, the
      Bishop score was reevaluated, amniotomy carried out in all patients, and oxytocin
      infusion either started or continued. Although prostaglandin and oxytocin both
      significantly changed the cervix, oxytocin had the shortest induction-to-delivery
      interval, though the prostaglandin-treated group required lower concentrations of
      oxytocin. The authors conclude that with rigid control of Bishop score and timing
      of amniotomy and oxytocin infusion rates, prostaglandin-induced cervical changes
      alone did not uniquely benefit labor induction in the doses used, or within the
      time frame of the study.

PMID- 6582420
TI  - Effects of solution depletion on films developed in the Peri-Pro automatic
      processor.
AB  - The changes in image quality and archival quality of dental films processed
      successively at room temperature in a Peri-Pro automatic processor without
      replenishment were measured. The changes in base-plus-fog density, film density
      and image contrast were measured for each of four processing solutions. All films
      to be developed in a solution were processed within 4 1/2 hours. The results
      cannot be generalized to solutions left overnight in the Peri-Pro processor or to
      solutions used in other automatic processors at different time-temperature
      cycles. If about 500 films are to be processed in a single day, the Peri-Pro
      solution, regular X-Omat, and RP X-Omat without part C are the solutions of
      choice. If about 1,000 films are to be processed in a single day, the Peri-Pro
      solution and RP X-Omat solution without part C are the solutions of choice. Only
      the Peri-Pro solution produced films (the first 600 films) of acceptable archival
      storage quality.

PMID- 6582421
TI  - Midfacial fractures in dental panoramic radiography.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability of panoramic
      radiographs to demonstrate facial fractures. Radiographs of eighty-two patients
      were analyzed retrospectively in cases in which both panoramic and conventional
      skull radiographs were available. One hundred thirty fractures within the middle
      third of the facial skeleton were identified, excluding nasal and mandibular
      fractures. In 64 per cent of the cases structural alterations suggesting fracture
      were detectable on panoramic radiographs; however, the interpretation of
      fractures on panoramic radiographs was much less certain than on conventional
      skull radiographs. The use of panoramic radiographs alone was often inadequate
      for diagnosis of many fractures outside the mandible.

PMID- 6582422
TI  - Osteoma of the coronoid process.

PMID- 6582423
TI  - Stellate central incisors.

PMID- 6582424
TI  - A study of a sample of oral cancer in Israel.
AB  - A review of data on oral cancer in Israel revealed a lower incidence and a later
      onset age than in other countries. These data are reviewed and consideration is
      given to the high prevalence of smoking and the low incidence of alcoholism in
      Israel.

PMID- 6582425
TI  - Mandibular advancement procedures: predictable stability and relapse.

PMID- 6582426
TI  - Internal derangement related to osteoarthrosis in temporomandibular joint autopsy
      specimens.
AB  - In 127 temporomandibular joint autopsy specimens the position (superior 44%,
      partially anterior 22%, completely anterior 34%) and configuration of the disk
      (biconcave 56%, biconvex 10%, others 34%) were related to osteoarthrosis. All
      biconvex disks were positioned anteriorly and associated with osteoarthrosis.
      Biconcave disks were mostly positioned superiorly and associated with normal
      surfaces.

PMID- 6582427
TI  - Histologic evaluation of carbon-coated subperiosteal dental implants in dogs.

PMID- 6582428
TI  - Contralateral facial palsy following coronoidectomy. Report of a case.
AB  - Contralateral facial palsy has been described as an unusual complication
      following coronoidectomy. The differential diagnosis of facial palsy is reviewed.
      An idiopathic Bell's palsy, coincident with the surgical procedure, is the most
      likely diagnosis in the absence of dislocation or acute fracture involving the
      ipsilateral condyle.

PMID- 6582429
TI  - Hemorrhagic (traumatic) cyst of the mandible associated with a retained root
      apex.

PMID- 6582430
TI  - Formaldehyde emitted by chemical vapor sterilizers.
AB  - Formaldehyde has been identified as a potential occupational carcinogen and is a
      component of chemical solutions used in chemical vapor sterilizers. This study
      evaluated room air for formaldehyde in rooms where chemical vapor sterilizers
      were in use.

PMID- 6582431
TI  - Serum zinc and copper in oral/oropharyngeal carcinoma. A study of seventy-five
      patients.
AB  - Seventy-five patients with oral/oropharyngeal carcinoma were studied to assess
      the relationship between serum zinc and copper levels, radiation-induced taste
      loss, and tumor status. There were no significant differences between
      pretreatment and posttreatment serum mineral levels in cancer patients and in 21
      healthy persons who served as controls. Of 30 patients who did not experience
      spontaneous postradiation taste recovery and were supplemented with zinc sulfate
      daily for at least 1 month, 11 reported improvement in taste. Serum zinc levels
      rose markedly in the patients with taste improvement.

PMID- 6582432
TI  - Oral Candida in children.
AB  - One hundred forty healthy children, 3 to 12 years of age, were examined for the
      presence of oral Candida. Forty-five percent of the 3 to 5 1/2-year olds and 65%
      of the 6- to 12-year olds were found to be Candida "carriers" (p less than 0.05).
      No significant sex difference was found in the incidence of Candida "carriers."
      The salivary IgA concentration did not differ significantly in Candida "carriers"
      and noncarriers. A significantly higher IgA concentration was found in children 6
      to 12 years old (0.02 less than p less than 0.05). The concentration of salivary
      electrolytes was similar in Candida-positive and Candida-negative children.

PMID- 6582433
TI  - Oral discoid lupus erythematosus. I. The validity of previous histopathologic
      diagnostic criteria.
AB  - The histopathologic criteria set down by Lever for skin lesions of discoid lupus
      erythematosus (DLE) and the criteria for oral DLE suggested by the World Health
      Organization (WHO) have been tested on 136 biopsy specimens from oral lesions
      comprising 42 cases of clinically typical DLE, 24 cases of atypical DLE, 25 cases
      of lichen planus (LP), 25 cases of leukoplakia, 13 cases of indefinite diagnosis
      termed DLE? LP? and seven electrogalvanically- induced white lesions. Following
      studies of inter- and intraexaminer variation, the final recording was done in
      random order without the investigators knowing the clinical diagnosis in each
      case. The results showed that Lever's criteria had a high specificity for oral
      DLE as compared to LP and leukoplakia, but the sensitivity for clinically
      atypical oral DLE was rather low. The criteria established by the WHO showed no
      specificity for oral DLE as compared to LP. Neither the criteria by Lever nor the
      criteria of the WHO were specific for oral DLE as compared to electrogalvanically
      induced white lesions. Both sets contained criteria showing rather high inter-
      and intraexaminer variation. Therefore, there is a need to establish a set of
      histopathologic criteria showing high sensitivity and specificity for both
      clinically typical and atypical DLE, based on criteria showing a low inter- and
      intraexaminer variation.

PMID- 6582434
TI  - Intraoral spindle cell lipoma: case report with correlated light and electron
      microscopy.
AB  - A nontender submucosal nodule in the anterior floor of the mouth of a 33-year-old
      woman was removed surgically. Light and electron microscopic studies revealed
      features of a spindle cell lipoma, i.e., a well-circumscribed, unencapsulated
      mass composed of a mixture of univacuolated lipocytes and fibroblast-like spindle
      cells within a mucinous and collagenous stroma. To our knowledge this is the
      first reported case of a spindle cell lipoma in the oral cavity.

PMID- 6582435
TI  - Intraneural epithelial islands associated with a periapical cyst.
AB  - Epithelial islands associated with nerve bundles have been reported in the
      mandible and maxilla. An example of such intraneural rests is reported in
      association with a radicular cyst. The differential diagnosis of intraneural
      epithelial islands must include benign odontogenic rests, remnants of
      nasopalatine duct in the anterior maxilla, the organ of Chievitz, and neural
      invasion by a carcinoma.

PMID- 6582436
TI  - Chronic ulceration of the hard palate: first clinical sign of undiagnosed
      pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 6582437
TI  - A microscopic focus of traumatic neuroma with intralesional glandular structures:
      an incidental finding.
AB  - A 50-year-old man received radiation therapy and chemotherapy for squamous cell
      carcinoma of the right floor of the mouth. Histologic examinations of surgical
      materials revealed the presence of benign ductal epithelial structures containing
      mucinous material within a small traumatic neuroma of the mandibular alveolar
      mucosa. Presumably, the residual salivary ducts of the sublingual glands may
      become incorporated during the development of a traumatic neuroma secondary to
      the destruction of tissue. Our search of the literature has failed to reveal a
      similar recorded occurrence.

PMID- 6582439
TI  - Necrotizing sialometaplasia: frequency of histologic misdiagnosis.
AB  - Necrotizing sialometaplasia is said to mimic carcinoma, both clinically and
      histologically. A review of approximately 10,000 oral biopsy specimens revealed
      only three cases of necrotizing sialometaplasia, all of which had been
      misdiagnosed as other benign entities. While this suggests that necrotizing
      sialometaplasia represents only 0.03 percent of biopsied oral lesions, it does
      not deal with the frequency of cases of this condition which heal spontaneously
      without being biopsied.

PMID- 6582438
TI  - Hypomobility after maxillary and mandibular osteotomies.
AB  - A retrospective recall study of forty patients was made to examine mandibular
      function after orthognathic surgery. Maximum maxillomandibular opening,
      protrusion, and lateral excursions were measured and compared with similar
      mandibular movements in a control group of patients of comparable age. Six months
      to 42 months after maxillary and mandibular osteotomies, the majority of patients
      demonstrated decreased maxillomandibular opening compared to the control group
      54.8 mm (SD 4.7). The decrease was most dramatic in patients previously treated
      with sagittal split ramus osteotomies. The mean maxillomandibular opening after
      Le Fort I osteotomy to reposition the maxilla superiorly was 48.7 mm (SD 5.7);
      after bilateral intraoral vertical ramus osteotomies to retract the mandible it
      was 48.6 mm (SD 5.7); and after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomies to
      advance the mandible it was 35.1 mm (SD 6.7). The presence of mandibular
      hypomobility after orthognathic surgery and maxillomandibular immobilization may
      be due to pre-existing or surgically induced muscle or temporomandibular joint
      dysfunction. Our findings indicate the need for routine clinical assessment of
      mandibular function preoperatively and for a systematic regimen of muscular and
      occlusal rehabilitation postsurgically to normalize muscle function, condylar
      movement, and range of mandibular motion.

PMID- 6582440
TI  - Lipoma of the soft palate.

PMID- 6582441
TI  - Definitions of unsharpness and layer thickness in rotational panoramic
      radiography.
AB  - The use of the modulation-transfer function in defining the layer thickness in
      rotational panoramic radiography is discussed. This method is compared with other
      methods and is shown to be a more accurate means for describing the layer.

PMID- 6582442
TI  - [Infectious complications in children during treatment of neoplasms of the
      hematopoietic system].

PMID- 6582443
TI  - [Neurological status of children with lymphoblastic leukemia during complex
      treatment].

PMID- 6582444
TI  - Developmental perspective of the Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
AB  - This paper concerned developmental perspectives of the Gilles de la Tourette
      Syndrome. Topics addressed included birth, developmental and family histories,
      and symptom picture. The neglected area of academic achievement was examined.
      Results of the first systematic investigation of neuro-psychological functioning
      of Tourette children undertaken in the United States was presented. Subjects were
      13 diagnosed male Tourette patients between 10 and 13 yr. of age. Parents
      completed the Developmental History and Tourette Syndrome Questionnaires while
      subjects were administered the WISC-R, Wide Range Achievement Test, Bender
      Gestalt, and Halstead Neuropsychological Test Battery for Children. There was no
      supporting evidence that pre-/postnatal trauma was significant in the etiology of
      the disorder. Again, evidence suggested a genetic component. Finally, academic
      difficulties appear related to the visuographic dysfunction noted on
      neuropsychological assessment.

PMID- 6582445
TI  - Splenic rupture due to aspergillosis.

PMID- 6582447
TI  - [Myelodysplastic syndromes].

PMID- 6582446
TI  - [Cholesterol in serum lipoprotein fractions in patients with hyperthyroidism
      treated with propranolol].

PMID- 6582448
TI  - [Various remarks on oro-dental health in Zaire. Apropos of 287 cases received at
      the University Clinic of Kinshasa].

PMID- 6582449
TI  - [Various dental anomalies in the black population of Lubumbashi (Zaire)].

PMID- 6582450
TI  - Distribution of malocclusions in African and Asian children in some Nairobi
      schools.

PMID- 6582451
TI  - [Relation of the amount of fluoride in the drinking water of Somalia and in
      dental enamel].

PMID- 6582452
TI  - In vitro evaluation of Saudi Arabian toothbrush tree (Salvadora persica).

PMID- 6582453
TI  - Dental caries, oral hygiene, periodontal disease and dental fluorosis among
      school children in northern Tanzania. Oral health surveys.

PMID- 6582454
TI  - Fluoride supplements in Kenya: a viewpoint.

PMID- 6582455
TI  - [Guided extraction in traditional Moorish communities].

PMID- 6582456
TI  - The DAT project in Kenya.

PMID- 6582457
TI  - [Changes in the alveolar ridge following the extraction of teeth].

PMID- 6582458
TI  - [The Konus telescopic crown with horizontal pins for a patient following partial
      maxillo-mandibulectomy].

PMID- 6582459
TI  - [Occlusal functions in cases with partially edentulous jaws].

PMID- 6582460
TI  - [Curing occlusal imbalance in partial dentures].

PMID- 6582461
TI  - [Maintenance of denture bases].

PMID- 6582462
TI  - [Plaque control in the partially edentulous jaw].

PMID- 6582463
TI  - [Complete dentures and the partially edentulous jaw].

PMID- 6582464
TI  - [Communication with patients with partially edentulous jaws].

PMID- 6582465
TI  - [Examination and treatment schedule in patients with partially edentulous jaws].

PMID- 6582466
TI  - [Overlay denture will bar attachment for the remaining mandibular left and right
      quadrant canine teeth].

PMID- 6582467
TI  - [The Konus telescopic crown for the remaining lower right quadrant canine tooth].

PMID- 6582468
TI  - [Eating disorders in children and adolescents].

PMID- 6582470
TI  - The hydrophobic moment detects periodicity in protein hydrophobicity.
AB  - Periodicities in the polar/apolar character of the amino acid sequence of a
      protein can be examined by assigning to each residue a numerical hydrophobicity
      and searching for periodicity in the resulting one-dimensional function. The
      strength of each periodic component is the quantity that has been termed the
      hydrophobic moment. When proteins of known three-dimensional structure are
      examined, it is found that sequences that form alpha helices tend to have, on
      average, a strong periodicity in the hydrophobicity of 3.6 residues, the period
      of the alpha helix. Similarly, many sequences that form strands of beta sheets
      tend to have a periodicity in their hydrophobicity of about 2.3 residues, the
      period typical of beta structure. Also, the few sequences known to form 3(10)
      helices display a periodicity of about 2.5 residues, not far from the period of 3
      for an ideal 3(10) helix. This means that many protein sequences tend to form the
      periodic structure that maximizes their amphiphilicity. This observation suggests
      that the periodicity of the hydrophobicity of the protein primary structure is a
      factor in the formation of secondary structures. Moreover, the observation that
      many protein sequences tend to form segments of maximum amphiphilicity suggests
      that segments of secondary structure fold at a hydrophobic surface, probably
      formed from other parts of the folding protein.

PMID- 6582469
TI  - Modification of DNA by reducing sugars: a possible mechanism for nucleic acid
      aging and age-related dysfunction in gene expression.
AB  - Reducing sugars react nonenzymatically with protein amino groups to initiate a
      process called nonenzymatic browning. Long-lived proteins, such as collagen and
      the lens crystallins, accumulate sufficient modification in vivo that they
      acquire many of the chemical properties characteristic of aged proteins. We have
      obtained evidence that nucleic acids also can undergo nonenzymatic modification
      by sugars. Incubation of DNA or nucleotides with glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6-P)
      produces spectral changes similar to those described for nonenzymatic browning
      proteins. The occurrence of chemical modification was verified by measuring the
      transfection efficiency of viral DNA after incubation with glucose and Glc-6-P. A
      loss of transfection potential occurred that was first order with respect to time
      and sugar concentration. The rate of inactivation by Glc-6-P was 25 times that of
      glucose; 8 days of incubation with 150 mM Glc-6-P decreased transfection by 4
      orders of magnitude. Glc-6-P also produced strand scission in a time- and
      concentration-dependent manner. We conclude that glucose, Glc-6-P, and possibly
      other sugars can react with DNA to produce significant structural and biological
      alterations. Since nucleic acids are long-lived molecules in the resting cell,
      the accumulation of these addition products might be a mechanism for the
      decreased genetic viability characteristic of the aged organism.

PMID- 6582471
TI  - Calculation of the polarized fluorescence from a labeled muscle fiber.
AB  - Equations are derived that explicitly relate fluorescence polarization
      observables on a labeled muscle fiber to attitude of the cross-bridges and to
      attitude of the labels within the cross-bridges.

PMID- 6582472
TI  - Radiation inactivation of oligomeric enzyme systems: theoretical considerations.
AB  - Radiation inactivation has been used as a tool to explore the size, structure,
      and function of soluble and membrane-bound enzymes. Enzyme systems consisting of
      a single functional unit yield a single exponential dependence of enzyme activity
      on radiation dose. Complex, nonexponential, inactivation curves suggest the
      presence of a multiunit enzyme system. A concave-upward inactivation curve
      suggests the presence of multiple independent functional units of distinct size
      and activity that do not interact with each other. An oligomeric enzyme,
      consisting of n identical subunits in equilibrium with monomers, can give simple
      exponential decay curves or more complex inactivation curves with various degrees
      of upward or downward concavity, depending upon the extent of oligomer-monomer
      equilibration among subunits after radiation, oligomer-to-monomer size and
      activity ratios, and multihit requirements for oligomer inactivation. For each of
      these possibilities, equations for the inactivation curves are derived,
      calculated numerically, and discussed in qualitative terms. A systematic approach
      to the evaluation of complex radiation inactivation curves is proposed and
      limitations of the radiation inactivation method are reviewed.

PMID- 6582473
TI  - Perpendicular orientation and directional migration of amphibian neural crest
      cells in dc electrical fields.
AB  - The behavior of cultured neural crest cells of Ambystoma mexicanum and Xenopus
      laevis in dc electrical fields was studied. In fields of 1-5 V/cm, isolated or
      confluent cells retract both their anode- and cathode-facing margins.
      Subsequently, the cells elongate, with protrusive activity confined to their
      narrow ends. In larger fields (greater than or equal to 5 V/cm), protrusions form
      on the cathode-facing sides of the perpendicularly oriented cells. The cells then
      begin migrating laterally, perpendicular to their long axes, towards the cathode.
      We suggest that the perpendicular alignment and cathode-directed migrations
      result from cytoskeletal changes mediated by modified ion fluxes through the
      anode-facing (hyperpolarized) and cathode-facing (depolarized) cell membranes.
      The breaking of cellular confluence in response to dc electric fields is also
      discussed.

PMID- 6582474
TI  - Regulation of receptor capping in mouse lymphoma T cells by Ca2+-activated myosin
      light chain kinase.
AB  - Several characteristics of receptor capping in lymphocyte membranes suggest
      similarities with mechanisms underlying control of contraction in smooth muscle
      fibers. Both capping and contraction are Ca2+ dependent and require metabolic
      energy. Contractile proteins such as actin and myosin are associated with the
      cap, as is calmodulin, which mediates the Ca2+ dependence of smooth muscle
      contraction. Recent studies have shown that myosin light chain kinase (MLCK),
      which plays a central role in regulation of smooth muscle contraction, is also
      present in isolated lymphocyte membrane-cytoskeleton complexes. We have explored
      this analogy further, using mouse lymphoma T cells whose membranes were rendered
      permeable to small proteins by using a low-Ca2+ EGTA solution similar to that
      used to chemically skin smooth muscle cells. Permeabilized lymphocytes were then
      exposed to solutions containing various combinations of high or low Ca2+, ATP, or
      other nucleotides (5'-adenylyl imidodiphosphate, adenosine 5'-[gamma
      thio]triphosphate, guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate, CTP, ITP, UTP, and
      GTP), calmodulin, Ca2+-insensitive MLCK (MLCK subunit that has been stripped of
      the Ca2+ binding site), and the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein
      kinase that phosphorylates (and thereby inactivates) MLCK. Capping of
      concanavalin A-labeled receptors in these various test solutions was scored. In
      all solutions the capping observed in permeable lymphoma cells correlated well
      with contraction previously observed in similarly treated skinned smooth muscle
      fibers, providing strong evidence for the involvement of myosin light chain
      phosphorylation in the regulation of receptor capping.

PMID- 6582475
TI  - Method for quantitating the molecular content of a subcellular organelle: hormone
      and neurophysin content of newly formed and aged neurosecretory granules.
AB  - A method is described for the quantitative determination of the content of
      subcellular organelles such as secretory granules. Purified subcellular fractions
      of the organelle are prepared and aliquots are assayed for hormones, for example.
      To determine the number of organelles per fraction, known numbers of latex
      particles of a size similar to the organelle are added to other aliquots of the
      subcellular fractions. Latex particles and organelles are then pelleted together
      by centrifugation. The ratio between latex particles and organelles can be
      determined by morphometric analysis of ultrathin sections taken through the full
      thickness of the pellet. The number of organelles and hence their content of the
      substance assayed can then be calculated. We have applied this technique to
      posterior pituitary neurosecretory granules, the content of which has already
      been estimated by a different method. Newly formed neurosecretory granules from
      oxen and rats were found to have a content of approximately equal to 85,000
      molecules of hormone and neurophysin. Aged neurosecretory granules from the same
      neural lobes appeared to contain less hormone and neurophysin, but this was shown
      to be the result of loss of material from the granules during isolation in media
      of 360 mosM. Such loss could be prevented by isolation in hypertonic (660 mosM)
      media.

PMID- 6582476
TI  - A molecular approach to leukemogenesis: mouse lymphomas contain an activated c
      ras oncogene.
AB  - By inducing mouse thymomas with carcinogens and gamma-radiation, we have studied
      the potential of tumor DNA to induce foci in rodent fibroblasts. A high
      percentage of the tumors used transformed the cultured cells, and the oncogenic
      phenotype segregated with extra copies of the c-ras gene family. There appears to
      be selectivity in the activated gene because so far all analyzed tumors induced
      by carcinogen have activated the N-ras gene, and those induced by radiation have
      activated the K-ras gene. The K-ras gene is the cellular counterpart of the viral
      ras oncogene in Kirsten murine sarcoma virus, but the N-ras has not yet been
      found in a retrovirus. The transformed cells have a marked increase in expression
      of the oncogene at the RNA and protein level. This model system might be a
      powerful tool in the study of leukemogenesis.

PMID- 6582477
TI  - Human anti-idiotype antibodies in cancer patients: Is the modulation of the
      immune response beneficial for the patient?
AB  - Inoculation of human subjects with mouse monoclonal antibody results in the
      production of anti-idiotype antibody that reacts with the binding site of the
      monoclonal antibody. This reaction is hapten-inhibited, suggesting that an
      internal image of the antigen is produced by the anti-idiotype response. The anti
      idiotype antibody isolated from sera of three patients showed significant
      crossreactivity. Patients who developed the anti-idiotype antibody improved
      clinically and had long remission from their disease. The possible presence of
      the internal image of cancer antigen on the human immunoglobulin molecule may
      change the conditions under which the immune system reacts to the tumor antigen
      and may open new approaches to the control of tumor growth.

PMID- 6582478
TI  - Simple finite-element model accounts for wide range of cardiac dysrhythmias.
AB  - A simple finite-element model of ventricular conduction processes that explicitly
      incorporates spatial dispersion of refractoriness was developed. This model
      revealed that spatial dispersion of refractoriness is a sufficient condition to
      produce self-sustained reentry even in the absence of unidirectional block,
      inhomogeneity in local conduction velocities, or the presence of ectopic
      pacemakers. The model displayed a wide variety of rhythm disturbances
      qualitatively similar to clinically familiar cardiac dysrhythmias. Electrical
      stability of the model was determined as a function of the model parameters
      including ventricular stimulation rate, conduction velocity, and mean refractory
      period as well as standard deviation of refractory periods. We conclude that
      spatial dispersion of refractoriness is a sufficient condition to initiate
      reentrant dysrhythmias but that other physiologic variables such as ventricular
      rate and conduction velocity strongly influence the dysrhythmogenic effect of
      spatial dispersion of refractoriness.

PMID- 6582479
TI  - Inhibition of malignant transformation in vitro by inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose)
      synthesis.
AB  - Malignant transformation in vitro of hamster embryo cells and mouse C3H 10T 1/2
      cells by x-rays, ultraviolet light, and chemical carcinogens was inhibited by
      benzamide and by 3-aminobenzamide at concentrations that are specific for
      inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) formation. These compounds slow the ligation stage
      of repair of x-ray and alkylation damage but not of ultraviolet light damage. At
      high concentrations they also inhibited de novo synthesis of DNA purines and DNA
      methylation by S-adenosylmethionine. The suppression of transformation by the
      benzamides is in striking contrast to their reported effectiveness in enhancing
      sister chromatid exchange, mutagenesis, and killing in cells exposed to
      alkylating agents. Our results suggest that mechanisms regulating malignant
      transformation are different from those regulating DNA repair, sister chromatid
      exchange, and mutagenesis and may be associated with changes in gene regulation
      and expression caused by alterations in poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation.

PMID- 6582480
TI  - Molecular abnormality of an inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase variant commonly
      found in Orientals.
AB  - Usual human livers contain two major aldehyde dehydrogenase [(ALDH) aldehyde:NAD+
      oxidoreductase] isozymes--i.e., a cytosolic ALDH1 component and a mitochondrial
      ALDH2 component--whereas approximately equal to 50% of Orientals are "atypical"
      and have only the ALDH1 isozyme and are missing the ALDH2 isozyme. We previously
      demonstrated that atypical livers contain an enzymatically inactive but
      immunologically crossreactive material (CRM) corresponding to the ALDH2
      component. The enzymatically active ALDH2 obtained from a usual liver and the CRM
      obtained from an atypical liver were reduced, S-carboxymethylated, and digested
      by trypsin. Separation of their digests by high-performance reverse-phase
      chromatography and by two-dimensional paper chromatography and electrophoresis
      revealed that ALDH2 contained a peptide sequence of -Glu-Leu-Gly-Glu-Ala-Gly-Leu
      Gln-Ala-Asn-Val-Gln-Val-Lys- and that the glutamine adjacent to lysine was
      substituted by lysine in CRM. All other tryptic peptides, including eight
      peptides containing S-carboxymethylcysteine, were common in ALDH2 and CRM. It is
      concluded that a point mutation in the human ALDH2 locus produced the glutamine
      leads to lysine substitution and enzyme inactivation.

PMID- 6582482
TI  - Structural analysis of fibronectin and its collagen-binding fragment from several
      cell lines.
AB  - Tryptic peptide mapping of fibronectin from various species indicates that (i)
      there exists a remarkable similarity between methionine-labeled tryptic peptides
      of fibronectins isolated from cells of widely separated species such as human,
      chicken, mouse, hamster, and rat; (ii) fibronectins from normal and transformed
      or tumor cells of the same species are very similar, if not identical; and (iii)
      collagen-binding regions of fibronectin from different species share identical
      major peptides.

PMID- 6582481
TI  - Reconstitution of a functional synaptosomal membrane possessing the protein
      constituents involved in acetylcholine translocation.
AB  - Reconstitution of a functional presynaptic membrane possessing calcium-dependent
      acetylcholine release properties has been achieved. The proteoliposomal membrane
      obtained gains its acetylcholine-releasing capabilities from presynaptic membrane
      proteins. At the peak of acetylcholine release, intramembrane particles became
      more numerous in one of the proteoliposomal membrane faces. This phenomenon
      resembles the intramembrane particle rearrangements found in stimulated
      synaptosomes. No visible structures capable of releasing acetylcholine as a
      result of the calcium influx were found inside the proteoliposomes. This supports
      the view that the release of free cytosolic acetylcholine from stimulated nerve
      terminals can be directly attributed to presynaptic membrane proteins. These
      proteins were extracted in a functional form from the synaptosomal membrane.

PMID- 6582483
TI  - Streptococcal L-forms isolated from Drosophila paulistorum semispecies cause
      sterility in male progeny.
AB  - The Drosophila paulistorum complex contains six semispecies that do not normally
      interbreed. In the laboratory, crosses between semispecies produce fertile
      daughters and sterile sons. Microbial endosymbionts have been observed in all D.
      paulistorum flies that display this male sterility. Streptococcal L-forms have
      been isolated from the Andean-Brazilian (Mesitas) and Transitional (Santa Marta)
      semispecies and cultured in artificial medium. Transfer of these L-forms from
      their native hosts into reciprocal semispecies resulted in sterile male progeny.
      When L-forms were inoculated into the semispecies from which they had been
      isolated, most of the male progeny were fertile. Control streptococcal L-forms
      did not show this sterility pattern.

PMID- 6582484
TI  - Labile nature of the visual recovery promoted by reverse occlusion in monocularly
      deprived kittens.
AB  - Kittens were monocularly deprived by closing one eye at the time of natural eye
      opening for periods that ranged from 4 to 14 weeks. This eye was then opened, and
      the other eye was closed for an approximately equal period of time. During this
      period of reverse occlusion, the vision of the initially deprived eye improved
      from apparent blindness to a level of good visual acuity. Surprisingly, however,
      this recovery was largely eliminated in only 2 weeks once the initially
      nondeprived eye was opened to restore visual input to both eyes. This finding has
      important implications for the nature of the mechanism(s) responsible for the
      dramatic physiological effects of monocular occlusion on the visual cortex. It
      may also help to elucidate recent observations on patching therapy in human
      amblyopia.

PMID- 6582485
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the feline retroviral oncogene v-fms shows unexpected
      homology with oncogenes encoding tyrosine-specific protein kinases.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence encoding the transforming polyprotein of the McDonough
      strain of feline sarcoma virus was determined. This sequence includes 231
      nucleotides specifying a leader peptide, 1,377 nucleotides encoding most of the
      feline leukemia virus-derived gag gene, and 2,969 nucleotides representing the
      viral transforming gene v-fms. A single open reading frame was predicted to
      encode a fusion polyprotein of 160,000 daltons (P160gag-fms). Fourteen potential
      sites for glycosylation were predicted within the v-fms-encoded portion of the
      protein, consistent with previous observations that the primary translation
      product is rapidly glycosylated. The presence of hydrophobic signal peptides
      within the amino-terminal leader sequence and in the middle of the v-fms-encoded
      moiety suggests that the transforming glycoprotein becomes oriented with its
      amino terminus within the lumen of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and its
      carboxyl terminus protruding across the membrane of the rough endoplasmic
      reticulum into the cytoplasm. The latter portion of the protein shows unexpected
      homology to tyrosine-specific protein kinases encoded by several of the known
      retroviral oncogenes.

PMID- 6582486
TI  - Antithrombin III Toyama: replacement of arginine-47 by cysteine in hereditary
      abnormal antithrombin III that lacks heparin-binding ability.
AB  - Structural analyses of a hereditary abnormal antithrombin III, antithrombin III
      Toyama, which has normal progressive antithrombin activity but no heparin
      cofactor activity, have been carried out to elucidate the molecular abnormality
      causing recurrent thrombophlebitis of a patient and to identify an amino acid
      residue essential for the binding with heparin. Abnormal antithrombin III was
      reduced, S-pyridylethylated, and treated with cyanogen bromide. Eleven fragments
      were isolated by the combination of Sephadex G-50 gel filtration and reversed
      phase HPLC and compared with those from normal antithrombin III. One large
      fragment (CN-III) that appeared to have a different amino acid composition from
      that of the corresponding fragment from normal antithrombin III was digested with
      trypsin, and the digests were separated by HPLC. The abnormal peptide was
      identified by comparing the peptide map with that from normal antithrombin III.
      Amino acid sequence analysis of the abnormal peptide indicated that the arginine
      47 of normal antithrombin III had been replaced by cysteine in antithrombin III
      Toyama. One base mutation, C leads to T, in the 5' terminal position of the
      arginine-47 genetic codon (CGT) is probably responsible for this substitution.
      These results also suggest that arginine-47 is an essential amino acid residue
      for the binding with heparin.

PMID- 6582487
TI  - Frequent generation of nonrescuable reorganized Moloney murine sarcoma viral
      genomes.
AB  - Nonproducer transformants infected with wild-type Moloney murine sarcoma virus
      were screened for the generation of variants with reorganized genomes. Seven of
      20 lines contained such viral genomes, 5 of which were found to be nonrescuable.
      Blotting analysis indicated that viral RNA molecules transcribed from these
      variant genomes could not be encapsidated into virions. The nonrescuable genomes
      were molecularly cloned and all were found to have suffered deletions or
      deletions/inversions involving the 5' long terminal repeat as well as some
      adjacent sequences. Nucleotide sequence analysis suggested that the long terminal
      repeat or the tetranucleotides G-G-T-C and G-A-C-C (or both) were involved in the
      generation of these mutants. Transfection studies showed that the cloned DNAs of
      the 5 mutants transformed NIH/3T3 monolayers. Removal of the 3' long terminal
      repeat from the genomes that lacked the 5' long terminal repeat or carried it in
      an inverted orientation abolished or considerably reduced the transforming
      activity.

PMID- 6582488
TI  - Nuclear matrix DNA from chicken erythrocytes contains beta-globin gene sequences.
AB  - Nuclear matrices containing residual DNA were isolated from chicken erythrocytes
      after extraction of purified nuclei with buffered 2 M NaCl. After further
      purification of this residual DNA, it was found to contain high concentrations of
      beta-globin gene sequences as assayed by dot hybridization with 32P-labeled nick
      translated pHB1001. Electron microscopy of a random sample of this residual DNA
      fraction shows the DNA to be intimately associated with protein at various
      intervals. A hypothesis for enrichment of active genes in residual DNA from
      purified chromatin or in nuclear matrix DNA is also discussed.

PMID- 6582490
TI  - Ionizing radiation and tritium transmutation both cause formation of 5
      hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine in cellular DNA.
AB  - HeLa cells grown in the presence of [methyl-3H]thymidine contained large amounts
      of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (HMdU) in their DNA. When the cells were grown
      in [6-3H]thymidine and their DNA was labeled to the same specific activity, no
      HMdU was present. When such [6-3H]thymidine-labeled cells were exposed to
      increasing amounts of gamma-radiation, small but increasing amounts of HMdU were
      formed in their DNA. This indicates that HMdU can be formed in DNA by two
      distinct mechanisms. The first is the result of the transmutation of 3H to 3He
      (beta decay) in the methyl group of thymidine, leading to formation of a
      carbocation. This short-lived ion reacts with hydroxide ions of water, yielding
      the hydroxymethyl group. HMdU that is formed by this mechanism is formed at the
      rate of beta decay of 3H. It appears only in [methyl-3H]thymidine residues and is
      present in the DNA of both nonirradiated and gamma-irradiated cells. The second
      mechanism is the result of the radiolysis of water caused by ionizing radiation.
      The resultant radical species, particularly hydroxyl radicals, may react with
      many sites on DNA. When the methyl group of thymine is attacked by hydroxyl
      radicals, the hydroxymethyl group is formed. The formation of HMdU by this
      mechanism was detected only when [6-3H]thymidine-labeled cells were used, since
      transmutation of 3H in position 6 of thymine cannot yield HMdU.

PMID- 6582489
TI  - Cloning of a cDNA encoding rat intestinal fatty acid binding protein.
AB  - Intestinal fatty acid binding protein mRNA is one of the most abundant mRNA
      species in the rat small intestinal epithelium. RNA transfer blot analyses
      disclosed that the mRNA encoding intestinal fatty acid binding protein is
      approximately equal to 900 nucleotides long and not represented in liver RNA. We
      have identified 564 nucleotides of this mRNA, including 12 nucleotides of the 5'
      nontranslated region, the coding portion, and 155 nucleotides of the 3'
      nontranslated domain. The primary translation product encoded by this mRNA
      contains 132 amino acids and has a Mr of 15,062. The derived protein sequence was
      verified by automated sequential Edman degradation of the intact polypeptide
      isolated from a wheat germ cell-free system. The in vitro product is NH2
      terminally acetylated, a finding that is consistent with its ultimate cytoplasmic
      destination. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of this protein with liver
      fatty acid binding protein, a polypeptide specified by the most abundant small
      intestinal epithelial mRNA, revealed significant homology and similarity in the
      predicted secondary structures of their NH2-terminal domains.

PMID- 6582491
TI  - Trifluoperazine inhibits insulin action on glucose metabolism in fat cells
      without affecting inhibition of lipolysis.
AB  - One of the specific inhibitors of calmodulin action, trifluoperazine, blocked the
      stimulating action of insulin on 2-deoxyglucose uptake and glucose metabolism.
      The inhibitory effect of insulin on lipolysis was not altered by the drug. The
      active (insulin-stimulated) state and the basal state of lipogenesis were
      inhibited half-maximally at 80 and 550 microM trifluoperazine, respectively. 2
      Deoxyglucose uptake was inhibited half-maximally at a trifluoperazine
      concentration of 70 microM. Other less potent calmodulin inhibitors also
      inhibited glucose metabolism in fat cells but in a nonspecific manner. The
      inhibition was noncompetitive and was not altered in Ca2+- free medium. The
      stimulating activity of wheat germ agglutinin and of sodium vanadate were also
      inhibited by trifluoperazine. The dose-dependent inhibitions were
      indistinguishable whether the active (stimulated) state was produced by insulin,
      wheat germ agglutinin, or vanadate. The data indicate that a late event in the
      sequence that ultimately leads to enhanced glucose transport activity in fat
      cells is specifically inhibited by trifluoperazine. The possible involvement of
      calmodulin or another related Ca2+-dependent regulatory protein in the exocytic
      (fusion) reaction that recruits glucose-transport activity from storage sites to
      the plasma membranes is discussed.

PMID- 6582492
TI  - The possibility that the spectrum of intermediate two, seen in the course of
      reaction of flavoenzyme phenol hydroxylases, may be attributable to iminol
      isomers of a flavin-derived 6-arylamino-5-oxo(3H,5H)uracil.
AB  - A commonly held view of the mechanism of flavin mixed-function oxidases is that
      enzyme-bound 4a-hydroperoxyflavin (4a-FIHOOH) undergoes ring opening to provide a
      carbonyl oxide (IV), which, after transferring an oxene equivalent to substrate,
      yields a 6-arylamino-5-oxo(3H,5H)-uracil (I). The latter is then thought to
      undergo ring closure to form a 4a-hydroxyflavin (4a-FIHOH), which by loss of
      water yields flavin (scheme I). A close structural analogue of I (i.e., III) has
      been synthesized. Comparison of the spectra of III (and II), taken in solvents of
      widely differing dielectric constants and in a strongly basic medium, with those
      of the intermediate(s) observed to be formed in time between 4a-FlHOOH and 4a
      FlHOH has shown that the enzyme-bound intermediate(s) does not resemble
      spectrally I nor its iminol tautomers.

PMID- 6582493
TI  - Purification and characterization of acidic fibroblast growth factor from bovine
      brain.
AB  - Acidic brain fibroblast growth factor has been purified a minimum of 35,000-fold
      to apparent homogeneity by a combination of differential salt precipitation, ion
      exchange chromatography, gel filtration, isoelectric focusing, and hydrophobic
      chromatography on a C4 reversed-phase HPLC column. Two microheterogeneous forms
      of the molecule are obtained with apparent molecular masses of 16,600 and 16,800
      daltons. The mitogen is highly active with half-maximal stimulation of BALB/c 3T3
      fibroblasts at about 40 pg/ml in an assay using incorporation of [methyl
      3H]thymidine into DNA.

PMID- 6582494
TI  - Xenopsin: the neurotensin-like octapeptide from Xenopus skin at the carboxyl
      terminus of its precursor.
AB  - We have synthesized two oligodeoxyribonucleotide mixtures that contain sequences
      complementary to different parts of the hypothetical mRNA sequence of xenopsin, a
      biologically active octapeptide found in skin extracts from Xenopus laevis. The
      two primer pools were independently used to initiate reverse transcription on
      skin poly(A)+ RNA and the resulting cDNAs were then used to screen in parallel a
      cDNA library prepared from skin poly(A)+ RNA. One of the clones that hybridized
      with both probes was subjected to sequence analysis. It contains a nearly full
      length DNA copy of a mRNA of approximately equal to 490 nucleotides that encodes
      a xenopsin precursor protein. The deduced precursor is 80 amino acids long,
      exhibits a putative signal sequence at the NH2 terminus, and contains the
      biologically active peptide at the COOH terminus. The region corresponding to the
      NH2-terminal portion of the xenopsin precursor shows a striking nucleotide and
      amino acid sequence homology with the precursor of PYLa, another recently
      described peptide from Xenopus skin.

PMID- 6582495
TI  - Glycosylated ovine prolactin.
AB  - A modification of prolactin, in which the asparagine at position 31 carries a
      carbohydrate unit, was isolated from ovine pituitary glands. Sequence and amino
      acid analyses identified the point of linkage of the carbohydrate. Glucosamine
      was found in acid hydrolysates, an indication that the carbohydrate is attached
      through N-acetylglucosamine. The glycosylated prolactin binds to concanavalin A
      and lentil lectin and is eluted with methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside. During gel
      electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate, the glycosylated hormone migrates as a
      Mr 25,000 protein; prolactin has a Mr of 23,000. The modified prolactin had a
      potency of 20 international units/mg, approximately equal to 60% the potency of a
      reference prolactin preparation when measured by the pigeon crop sac assay. In a
      radioimmunoassay, the glycosylated form had only 34% the immunoreactivity of
      ovine prolactin.

PMID- 6582496
TI  - Single-chain structure of human ceruloplasmin: the complete amino acid sequence
      of the whole molecule.
AB  - We have determined the amino acid sequence of the amino-terminal 67,000-dalton
      (67-kDa) fragment of human ceruloplasmin and have established overlapping
      sequences between the 67-kDa and 50-kDa fragments and between the 50-kDa and 19
      kDa fragments. The 67-kDa fragment contains 480 amino acid residues and three
      glucosamine oligosaccharides. These results together with our previous sequence
      data for the 50-kDa and 19-kDa fragments complete the amino acid sequence of
      human ceruloplasmin. The polypeptide chain has a total of 1,046 amino acid
      residues (Mr 120,085) and has attachment sites for four glucosamine
      oligosaccharides; together these account for the total molecular mass of human
      ceruloplasmin (132 kDa). The sequence analysis of the peptides overlapping the
      fragments showed that one additional amino acid, arginine, is present between the
      67-kDa and 50-kDa fragments, and another, lysine, is between the 50-kDa and 19
      kDa fragments. Only two apparent sites of amino acid interchange have been
      identified in the polypeptide chain. Both involve a single-point interchange of
      glycine and lysine that would result in a difference in charge. The results of
      the complete sequence analysis verified that human ceruloplasmin is composed of a
      single polypeptide chain and that the subunit-like fragments are produced by
      proteolytic cleavage during purification (and possibly also in vivo).

PMID- 6582497
TI  - Microinjected pBR322 stimulates cellular DNA synthesis in Swiss 3T3 cells.
AB  - When pBR322 is manually microinjected into the nuclei of quiescent Swiss 3T3
      cells it stimulates the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA. The evidence
      clearly shows that this increased incorporation that is detected by in situ
      autoradiography in microinjected cells represents cellular DNA synthesis and not
      DNA repair or plasmid replication. The effect is due to pBR322 and not due to
      impurities, mechanical perturbances due to the microinjection technique, or
      aspecific effects. This stimulation is striking in Swiss 3T3 cells. Some NIH 3T3
      cells show a slight stimulation, but hamster cells, derived from baby hamster
      kidney (BHK) cells, are not stimulated when microinjected with pBR322. The
      preliminary evidence seems to indicate that the integrity of the pBR322 genome is
      important for the stimulation of cellular DNA synthesis in quiescent Swiss 3T3
      cells. These results, although of a preliminary nature, are of interest because
      they indicate that a prokaryotic genome may alter the cell cycle of mammalian
      cells. From a practical point of view the stimulatory effect of microinjected
      pBR322 on cellular DNA synthesis has a more immediate interest, because pBR322 is
      the vector most commonly used for molecular cloning and 3T3 cells are very
      frequently used for gene transfer experiments.

PMID- 6582498
TI  - Preferential binding of estrogen-receptor complex to a region containing the
      estrogen-dependent hypomethylation site preceding the chicken vitellogenin II
      gene.
AB  - DNA-cellulose competition binding assays were used to measure the ability of
      cloned DNA fragments of the chicken vitellogenin II gene to displace the estrogen
      receptor complex from total chicken DNA coupled to cellulose. The DNA fragment
      that gave the highest competition is situated in the upstream region of the gene
      between nucleotides -458 and -725. This DNA fragment has four small clusters of A
      + T-rich sequences and contains the estrogen-dependent hypomethylation site. In
      vitro methylation of the Msp I site does not change the capacity of the DNA
      fragment to compete for estrogen-receptor complex, whereas cleavage of the C-C-G
      G (Msp I site) results in a complete loss of competition of this fragment for
      estrogen-receptor complex. These results, combined with deoxyribonuclease I
      protection experiments, suggest that the most probable binding site for estrogen
      receptor complex is . . .G-C-G-T-G-A-C-C-G-G-A-G-C-T-G-A-A-A-G-A-A-C-A-C. . . .
      This sequence has 73% homology with the core enhancer sequence of simian virus
      40, . . .G-G-T-G-T-G-G-A-A-A-G. . . (identical bases italicized).

PMID- 6582500
TI  - Dynamics of enzymatic reactions.
AB  - The detailed molecular dynamics of an actual bond-breaking event in a fluctuating
      enzyme substrate complex is simulated. The method developed allows one to explore
      what type of fluctuations are involved in enzymatic reactions and to evaluate
      entropic contributions to enzyme catalysis. The fluctuations of the enzyme
      electrostatic potential are found to be a key dynamical factor in reactions that
      involve a large change in the polarity of the reacting bonds.

PMID- 6582499
TI  - Cell cycle regulation of human histone H1 mRNA.
AB  - A cloned genomic DNA fragment containing a human histone H1 gene has been used to
      analyze histone H1 gene expression in two human cell lines (HeLa S3 and WI-38).
      The cellular abundance of histone H1 mRNA was compared with that of core (H2A,
      H2B, H3, and H4) histone mRNAs as a function of the cell cycle: core and H1
      histone mRNA levels are related both to each other and to the apparent rate of
      DNA synthesis and are rapidly destabilized after DNA synthesis inhibition. The
      use of three synchronization protocols, and of transformed and normal diploid
      cells in culture, suggests that the detected core and H1 histone mRNA levels are
      regulated by similar mechanisms in continuously dividing human cell lines and
      nondividing cells stimulated to proliferate.

PMID- 6582502
TI  - Long-term cultivation and differentiation of human erythroleukemia cells in a
      protein-free chemically defined medium.
AB  - To examine whether a human erythroleukemia cell line, K-562, can proliferate and
      differentiate without protein supplements, long-term cultivation of the cells was
      carried out in a protein-free chemically defined medium. By the use of stepwise
      decreases in the fetal bovine serum concentration, continuous growth of K-562
      cells was established in a protein-free F-10 medium. The cells have been
      propagated in this medium for 3 years. The population-doubling time of the cells
      is about 30 hr. Growth was not stimulated by the addition of insulin, epidermal
      growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, multiplication-stimulating activity,
      transferrin, platelet-derived growth factor, or dexamethasone. Addition of serum
      stimulated the cell growth slightly and increased the saturation density. The
      saturation density of the cells could be increased to that seen with serum
      supplemented cultures by changing the serum-free medium daily. The cells
      synthesized significant amounts of hemoglobin in the presence of hemin without
      serum supplementation. The results suggest that the human erythroleukemia cells
      grown in a protein-free medium do not require serum components for their growth
      or hemin-induced hemoglobin synthesis and provide an excellent model for better
      understanding of the growth and differentiation of human leukemia cells.

PMID- 6582501
TI  - Plasma membrane reorganization induced by tumor promoters in an epithelial cell
      line.
AB  - The effects of phorbol ester tumor promoters on the lateral diffusion in plasma
      membrane lipid environments were examined by the technique of fluorescence
      recovery after photobleaching. To this end, the probe collarein, a fluorescent
      lipid analog that has the property of exclusive localization in the plasma
      membrane, was synthesized. Measured decreases in three parameters [percentage of
      fluorescence bleached (30%), percentage of recovery (52%), and half-time for
      recovery (52%)] connoted the appearance of an immobile fraction upon exposure to
      tumor promoters. These data are consistent with lipid reorganization in response
      to a reorganization of the intra- and perimembranous macromolecular scaffolding
      upon the interaction of cells with tumor promoters. The idea of induced
      reorganization is supported by experiments in which cell shape change, brought
      about by either exposure to cytochalasin B or growth on matrices of collagen,
      fibronectin, or laminin, resulted in values in the fluorescence recovery after
      photobleaching technique similar to those with active phorbol esters.

PMID- 6582503
TI  - Asymmetric acetylcholinesterase is assembled in the Golgi apparatus.
AB  - The synthesis, assembly, and processing of the multiple molecular forms of
      acetylcholinesterase (AcChoEase; acetylcholine acetylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7) in
      quail muscle cultures was studied by using lectins to distinguish enzyme
      molecules residing in different subcellular compartments. Special emphasis was
      given to the assembly of asymmetric AcChoEase molecules because these appear to
      be the predominant, if not unique, forms of AcChoEase at the vertebrate
      neuromuscular junction. All cell surface and secreted AcChoEase forms bind to
      immobilized wheat germ agglutinin, ricin, and concanavalin A, indicating that
      they have complex oligosaccharides. After treatment of muscle cells with a
      membrane-permeable irreversible AcChoEase inhibitor, there is a rapid
      reappearance of the globular monomeric, dimeric, and tetrameric AcChoEase forms.
      However, the collagen-tailed asymmetric form does not appear until about 90 min
      after treatment. Analysis of the AcChoEase oligosaccharides with lectins
      indicates maturation to complex forms over a 90-min period. A large fraction of
      the intracellular globular AcChoEase molecules bind only to concanavalin A,
      indicating that they are assembled in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. In
      contrast, all intracellular asymmetric AcChoEase binds to wheat germ agglutinin,
      and a significant fraction binds to ricin, indicating that this unique AcChoEase
      form is assembled from subunits that have previously acquired complex sugars. I
      conclude that assembly of asymmetric AcChoEase, hence acquisition of information
      specifying basal lamina localization, occurs in the Golgi apparatus.

PMID- 6582504
TI  - On the mechanism of nucleolar dominance in mouse-human somatic cell hybrids.
AB  - The mechanism of nucleolar dominance was studied in two lines of mouse-human
      somatic hybrids. Both lines had preferentially lost human chromosomes but had
      retained significant amounts of both mouse and human ribosomal genes (genes
      coding for the 18S, 5.8S, and 28S RNAs of ribosomes). However, the human
      ribosomal genes were repressed, and only mouse ribosomal genes were expressed.
      Soluble transcription extracts from the hybrids were able to initiate RNA
      synthesis accurately on a cloned mouse ribosomal gene but were unable to initiate
      accurately on a human ribosomal gene. This suggests that nucleolar dominance in
      these hybrids is due to the loss or inactivation of the gene for a specificity
      factor required to recognize the human ribosomal gene promoter.

PMID- 6582505
TI  - Amounts, synthesis, and some properties of intracisternal A particle-related RNA
      in early mouse embryos.
AB  - Early mouse embryos express two morphological subtypes of intracisternal A-type
      particles, one resembling those occurring in mouse tumors (referred to as IAP)
      and the other apparently specific for early embryos [referred to as
      IAP(epsilon)]. Using cloned fragments of IAP genes as labeled probes in dot
      hybridization experiments, we detected IAP-related RNA sequences in mouse oocytes
      and preimplantation embryos. IAP RNA is relatively abundant in ovarian oocytes,
      is reduced in amount to approximately equal to 1/10th in the ovulated egg, and
      increases approximately equal to 100 times (from approximately equal to 1.3 X
      10(3) to approximately equal to 1.5 X 10(5) molecules per embryo) between the one
      cell stage and late blastocyst stage. Most of the IAP RNA consists of a single
      size class of about 5.4 kilobases, and a major fraction of this RNA is
      polyadenylylated. Quantitative considerations suggest that only a few percent of
      the IAP RNA in embryos are associated with particles. In two-cell embryos, the
      number of IAP RNA molecules is less than 1/10th the number of IAP(epsilon)
      particles, suggesting that IAP(epsilon) is genetically distinct from IAP and
      presumably represents a family of as yet unidentified retrovirus-like elements.

PMID- 6582506
TI  - Structural intermediates of deletion mutagenesis: a role for palindromic DNA.
AB  - A model is presented for deletion mutations whose formation is mediated by
      palindromic and quasipalindromic DNA sequences. It proposes that the self
      complementarity of palindromes allows the formation of DNA secondary structures
      that serve as deletion intermediates. The structures juxtapose the end points of
      the deletion and thus direct deletion specificity. While misaligned DNA
      intermediates that explain deletion termini occurring in repeated DNA sequences
      have been described, no explanations have been offered for deletion termini
      occurring in other sequences. The DNA secondary structures whose formation is
      mediated by palindromic sequences appear to explain many of these. In this paper,
      secondary-structure intermediates are described for a series of spontaneous
      deletions of known sequence in the lacl gene of Escherichia coli. The model is
      supported by its failure to predict structures that can juxtapose simulated
      deletion termini in the lacl gene. We have found a strong association between
      palindromic sequences and repeated sequences at lacl deletion termini that
      suggests the joint participation of repeated and palindromic DNA sequences in the
      formation of some deletions. Sequences of deletions in other organisms also
      suggest the participation of palindromic DNA sequences in the formation of
      deletions.

PMID- 6582507
TI  - Assignment of the genes for the alpha and beta subunits of thyrotropin to
      different mouse chromosomes.
AB  - A series of mouse-hamster somatic cell hybrids, containing reduced numbers of
      mouse chromosomes and a complete set of hamster chromosomes, was used to
      determine the chromosomal locations of the genes for the alpha and beta subunits
      of mouse thyrotropin. Cloned cDNA probes for each subunit, in conjunction with
      Southern blot analysis of DNA treated with the restriction enzyme BamHI, allowed
      for assignment of the alpha-subunit gene to mouse chromosome 4 and of the beta
      subunit gene to chromosome 3. Mouse alpha-subunit gene sequences always
      segregated with chromosome 4 (concordant in 14 hybrids) and the enzyme markers
      phosphoglucomutase 2 and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Mouse beta-subunit
      gene sequences always segregated with chromosome 3 (concordant in 15 hybrids).
      Thus, the genes for at least one of the glycoprotein hormones, thyrotropin, are
      on different chromosomes.

PMID- 6582508
TI  - Molecular hybridization under conditions of high stringency permits cloned DNA
      segments containing reiterated DNA sequences to be assigned to specific
      chromosomal locations.
AB  - Identifying the specific DNA sequences involved in the chromosomal abnormalities
      in developmental and neoplastic diseases may be essential to understanding the
      molecular biology of these disorders. The use of recombinant DNA techniques in
      conjunction with rodent-human hybrid cells makes it possible to assign
      chromosomal locations to specific DNA sequences. However, the ubiquitous presence
      of reiterated DNA species often complicates the application of straightforward
      molecular hybridization. To accelerate the mapping of cloned sequences to
      specific chromosomal locations, we investigated the possibility that cloned
      sequences containing reiterated DNA might be used without isolating unique
      sequences. By varying conditions of hybridization (specifically temperature) and
      using restricted DNA samples from human genomic DNA, Chinese hamster ovary-human
      chromosome 11 hybrids, and non-chromosome 11 hybrids, we have been able to assign
      cloned DNA sequences containing reiterated sequences to their chromosome of
      origin. By hybridization under the high-stringency condition of 55 degrees C,
      specific banding was produced with both human genomic DNA and the human
      chromosome-containing hybrid from which the probe was prepared. Furthermore,
      using a panel of chromosome 11 deletion mutants, we have been able to assign a
      cloned sequence to a specific chromosomal location. We believe that this approach
      will accelerate gene mapping procedures and facilitate identification of DNA
      sequences involved in chromosomal abnormalities.

PMID- 6582510
TI  - Neutron-capture therapy of human cancer: in vivo results on tumor localization of
      boron-10-labeled antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen in the GW-39 tumor model
      system.
AB  - Antibody against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was conjugated with p-[1,2
      dicarba-closo-[1-3H]do-decaboran(12)-2-yl] benzenediazonium ion by an azo
      coupling reaction, resulting in 30 boron atoms per IgG molecule with no loss of
      antibody protein. Antibody immunoreactivity was not appreciably affected by this
      conjugation and was stable after incubation in vitro in hamster plasma for 24 hr.
      The efficacy of the boron-conjugated anti-CEA IgG for localizing selectively in
      CEA-containing human colonic carcinomas propagated in the hind leg musculature of
      hamsters was evaluated by labeling the antibodies with 131I and determining
      distribution of the radioactivity in vivo. The results show that the boron
      conjugated antibodies retain selective localization in the tumors, thus
      indicating their suitability for transporting boron-10 to tumors for use in
      neutron-capture therapy of cancer.

PMID- 6582509
TI  - Molecular cloning and expression of the mouse ornithine decarboxylase gene.
AB  - We used mRNA from a mutant S49 mouse lymphoma cell line that produces ornithine
      decarboxylase (OrnDCase) as its major protein product to synthesize and clone
      cDNA. Plasmids containing OrnDCase cDNA were identified by hybrid selection of
      OrnDCase mRNA and in vitro translation. The two of these with the largest inserts
      together span 2.05 kilobases of cDNA. Southern blot analysis of DNA from wild
      type or mutant S49 cells, cleaved with EcoRI or with BamHI, revealed multiple
      bands homologous to OrnD-Case cDNA, only one of which was amplified in the mutant
      cells. RNA transfer blot analysis showed that the major OrnD-Case mRNA in the
      mouse lymphoma cells is 2.0 kilobases long. A similar size mRNA was found in
      mouse kidney and was more abundant in the kidneys of mice treated with
      testosterone, an inducer of OrnDCase activity in that tissue.

PMID- 6582511
TI  - Hepatitis B surface antigen and polymerized albumin binding activity in sheep
      serum.
AB  - Sera from sheep and other domestic animals contain a substance that gives a
      strongly positive test for antibody to hepatitis B virus surface antigen by the
      accepted radioimmunoassay procedure. We have purified this substance from sheep
      serum to near homogeneity by ion-exchange, affinity, and molecular exclusion
      chromatography and have identified it to be an IgM. We present evidence that this
      sheep IgM is an antibody to polymerized sheep albumin. This antibody may arise
      due to infection by hepatitis B virus, hepatitis B virus-like viruses, or other
      pathological agents and may react with hepatitis B virus surface antigen by
      combining with polymerized albumin bound to the hepatitis B virus receptor for
      this polymer.

PMID- 6582512
TI  - Cell surface antigens of human ovarian and endometrial carcinoma defined by mouse
      monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - Mouse monoclonal antibodies to several cell surface antigens of human ovarian and
      endometrial carcinomas have been produced. The distribution of the antigens was
      determined by mixed hemagglutination assays on 153 normal and malignant cell
      cultures of various types and by immuno-peroxidase staining of frozen sections of
      27 normal adult and 24 fetal tissues. Five distinct antigens were characterized.
      MD144 antigen was detected on only a single ovarian carcinoma cell line and has
      the biochemical properties of a lipid. MH55 antigen is weakly expressed on
      ovarian and uterine cancer cell lines but not on other cells and tissues tested.
      MF61 antigen was detected on an ovarian carcinoma and some renal carcinoma cell
      lines but not on other cell lines tested. It was also detected by
      immunoperoxidase staining in the noncellular follicles of the thyroid and in
      uterine glandular epithelial cells. This antigen also has the properties of a
      lipid. MF116 antigen was detected on a proportion of ovarian, uterine, renal, and
      bladder carcinoma and neuroblastoma cell lines and on normal kidney epithelial
      cell cultures but not on other cell lines tested. It was not detected in sections
      of any normal tissue tested using the immunoperoxidase method. MF116 was readily
      detected in the spent culture medium but not in detergent-solubilized extracts of
      metabolically radiolabeled cells. This shed antigen is a glycoprotein of Mr
      105,000 and isoelectric point lower than pH 4.0. MH94 antigen was detected on a
      proportion of ovarian, uterine, colon, breast, lung, cervical, and pancreatic
      carcinoma cell lines. In tissue sections it was detected in many but not all
      epithelia, predominantly in secretory epithelial cells. Antibody MH94 did not
      immunoprecipitate a detectable antigen.

PMID- 6582513
TI  - A bombesin immunoreactive peptide in milk.
AB  - Immunoreactivity to the amphibian peptide bombesin was found in instant nonfat
      dry milk (ca. 0.7 ng/ml) and in the whey of whole or skim bovine milk (ca. 1.2
      ng/ml) even after ultracentrifugation. The soluble immunoreactivity was
      associated with a peptide exhibiting the following characteristics: (i) parallel
      displacement in an immunoassay using an antiserum recognizing bombesin amino acid
      residues 5-8; (ii) separation from both gastrin-releasing peptide and amphibian
      bombesin by gel filtration--the approximate Mr was 3,200; (iii) denaturation in
      urea, reduction by dithiothreitol, and acetylation by iodoacetamide had no effect
      on its elution profile by gel-filtration chromatography and the aggregation of
      added bombesin to milk proteins or peptides was not observed; (iv) reversed-phase
      HPLC separated milk immunoreactivity from gastrin-releasing peptide and bombesin;
      (v) digestion by trypsin yielded a smaller immunoreactive peptide fragment,
      whereas nearly all immunoreactivity was lost by treatment with alpha
      chymotrypsin; and (vi) the level of immunoreactivity was unaffected by boiling.
      These data show that milk is an exogenous source of bombesin-like
      immunoreactivity, which may account for the increase of gastric acid and
      gastrointestinal hormone levels after the consumption of milk.

PMID- 6582515
TI  - Regression of myelocytic leukemia in rats after hypophysectomy.
AB  - A standard series of five intravenous injections of N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU)
      elicited selective patterns of neoplasms in male rats of the Sprague-Dawley
      strain; the neoplastic pattern was related to the age of the recipients. When the
      injections of NMU were started in weanling male rats, a specific triad of
      neoplasms developed that consisted of mammary carcinoma, primary myelocytic
      leukemia, and ear duct cancer. When the injections of NMU were started in males
      at age 100 days, a specific dyad of neoplastic growths was evoked that consisted
      of primary myelocytic leukemia and ear duct cancer, whereas mammary cancer and
      other neoplasms were not evident. Secondary myelocytic leukemia and myelocytic
      sarcoma were produced when blood from the foregoing rats with advanced primary
      myelocytic leukemia was injected in a subcutaneous site in newborn allogeneic
      rats. In a proportion of animals, primary and secondary myelocytic leukemia and
      myelocytic sarcoma underwent dramatic and continued regression after
      hypophysectomy.

PMID- 6582514
TI  - Accelerated age-related browning of human collagen in diabetes mellitus.
AB  - The nonenzymatic glycosylation reaction that is accelerated in diabetes is the
      first step of the Maillard or nonenzymatic browning reaction that occurs in
      stored food. The glucose-protein adduct rearranges and dehydrates to form brown
      and fluorescent pigments, which can act as crosslinks, resulting in decreased
      protein solubility and altered mechanical properties. Evidence suggesting that
      this process occurs in vivo has been found in lens crystallins. The observation
      that nonenzymatic glycosylation and insolubility increases in collagen with age
      and diabetes led us to investigate the possible browning of human collagen.
      Insoluble human dura mater collagen was digested with collagenase. Absorbance at
      350 nm and fluorescence at 440 nm (excitation at 370 nm) of the solubilized
      material was measured. A linear increase in the amounts of yellow and fluorescent
      material was observed with age. Samples obtained at autopsy from three type I
      diabetics and a young type II diabetic showed increased fluorescence and had
      absorbance values that corresponded to the amount of chromophore found in
      nondiabetics twice their age (P less than 0.025). The collagen adducts from aged
      and diabetic individuals had absorption and fluorescence spectra identical to
      those of collagen samples that underwent nonenzymatic browning with glucose in
      vitro. The structure of these collagen adducts is unknown. However, their likely
      occurrence throughout the body could explain the correlation between arterial
      stiffening, decreased joint mobility, and the severity of microvascular
      complications in type I diabetics.

PMID- 6582516
TI  - Neuropeptide-induced contraction and relaxation of the mouse anococcygeus muscle.
AB  - Isometric tension responses to neuropeptides were recorded from anococcygeus
      muscles isolated from male mice. This smooth muscle tissue is innervated by
      inhibitory nonadrenergic, noncholinergic nerves that resemble, ultrastructurally,
      the peptidergic neurons of the gastrointestinal tract; the physiological function
      of the anococcygeus is not known. Slow sustained contractions were produced by
      oxytocin (0.2-20 nM), [Arg8]vasopressin (0.4-200 nM), and [Arg]-vasotocin (0.4
      100 nM); the mouse anococcygeus is, therefore, one of the few examples of
      nonvascular smooth muscle from male mammals to respond to low concentrations of
      oxytocin and related peptides. Substance P (0.5-8 microM) caused distinctive,
      biphasic increases in muscle tone of some, but not all, preparations. Other
      neuropeptides producing contractions were neurotensin (2-100 microM) and
      thyrotropin-releasing hormone (2-100 microM); the responses were of similar time
      course and displayed selective cross-desensitization, suggesting that these two
      peptides act through a common distinct mechanism. Tetradecapeptide somatostatin
      (10-80 microM) and its analog urotensin II (0.1-5 microM), a dodecapeptide from
      the urophysis of the teleost fish Gillichthys mirabilis, produced similar slowly
      developing relaxations of carbachol-induced tone. Piscine urotensin II, of which
      there are no reported effects on nonvascular mammalian systems, was 20-50 times
      more potent than somatostatin, a well-established mammalian hormone. Of the
      peptides studied, only vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (0.05-1 microM) caused
      rapid powerful relaxations in low concentrations; this is consistent with its
      proposed involvement in nonadrenergic, noncholinergic neurotransmission in the
      mouse anococcygeus.

PMID- 6582517
TI  - Changes in local cerebral glucose utilization during rewarding brain stimulation.
AB  - The quantitative 2-deoxy[14C]glucose method was used to determine local cerebral
      glucose utilization in unrestrained rats responding (lever-press) for rewarding
      electrical stimulation to area A10 (ventral tegmental area) and in similarly
      implanted inactive controls. Self-stimulation was associated with significant
      increases in metabolic activity, highly circumscribed in the ventral tegmental
      area, that continued rostrally within a rather compact zone of activity through
      the medial forebrain bundle, extending via the diagonal band of Broca to the
      level of the preoptic area. In the forebrain terminal areas bilateral increases
      in local cerebral glucose utilization were noted in the nucleus accumbens,
      lateral septum, hippocampus, and the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus.
      Ipsilateral (i.e., side of stimulation) increases in glucose utilization were
      noted in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the basolateral and central
      amygdaloid nuclei, and the medial prefrontal cortex. Caudal to the stimulation
      site, increases in glucose utilization were found in the midline dorsal raphe,
      the ipsilateral pontine gray, medial parabrachial nucleus, and the locus
      coeruleus. Significant bilateral increases were noted in various sensory and
      motor areas. These results indicate that rather than a diffuse pattern of
      activity, rewarding brain stimulation is associated with discrete activation of
      specific neuronal projection fibers and selective terminal sites.

PMID- 6582518
TI  - Regulation of globin gene expression during induced erythroid cell
      differentiation.
AB  - We can provide increasing insight, albeit still incomplete, into the changes in
      MELC that accompany induced globin gene expression. It is suggested that these
      transformed CFU-E-like erythroid precursor cells exhibit in their uninduced state
      a DNA methylation pattern and globin gene chromatin configuration (DNase I
      sensitivity) that is compatible with actual or potential gene transcription. Such
      features may reflect alterations in chromatin configuration that occurred
      earlier, during the differentiation of erythroid precursor cells, which is
      associated with the restriction in developmental potential that is characteristic
      of progression to the CFU-E (or MELC) stage of erythropoiesis. Uninduced MELC
      display a low level of globin gene transcription, producing globin mRNA or mRNA
      precursors whose processing or stabilization is the site of action of hemin. The
      major increase in MELC globin gene transcription that is initiated by HMBA or
      butyric acid is accompanied by an increase in DNase I hypersensitivity in the
      regions 5' to the active globin genes. This suggests that reorganization of
      chromatin structure in the globin gene domains is associated with accelerated
      globin gene transcription and may be characteristic of a developmental stage
      transition during terminal differentiation in the erythroid cell lineage.

PMID- 6582519
TI  - Cellular lineages in normal and leukemic hemopoiesis.
AB  - Certain human hemopoietic disorders (the clonal hemopathies) originate in
      pluripotent stem cells. These include acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), chronic
      myelocytic leukemia (CML), polycythemia vera (P vera), and idiopathic
      myelofibrosis. In each affected individual a single abnormal clone becomes
      dominant, occupying all hematologic spaces. An understanding of the cellular
      basis of normal hemopoiesis and these diseases requires consideration of stem
      cell properties, clonal expansion, and the differentiation programs of various
      myelopoietic lineages. The blast cells of AML provide a test of hypotheses about
      normal and leukemic hemopoiesis. The suggestion is advanced that these blasts do
      not develop because normal programs are blocked or aborted, but rather follow
      novel programs, assembled abnormally from normal components. The finding of
      individual blast cells expressing markers of more than one lineage simultaneously
      is advanced as support for this model.

PMID- 6582520
TI  - Regulated expression of cloned globin genes introduced into mouse erythroleukemia
      cells.

PMID- 6582521
TI  - Multiple differentiation programs in K562 erythroleukemia cells and their
      regulation.
AB  - The chronic myeloid leukemia-derived cell line K562 expresses, in its uninduced
      state, notable erythroid features. However, in addition to the presence of well
      characterized "erythroid-specific" molecules, such as hemoglobin and glycophorin
      A, there is increasing evidence of both granulopoietic and megakaryocytic
      differentiation in this cell line. In this chapter we have further characterized
      erythroid and nonerythroid features in order to investigate the range of
      differentiation programs expressed by uninduced K562 cells. Also we have extended
      these observations by attempting to manipulate the expression of the different
      lineage-specific components of the phenotype of the K562 cell line in induction
      experiments. The aim of these studies was to attempt to determine the extent and
      significance of multipotentiality in K562. The relationship of our findings on
      the phenotype of K562 to the nature of multipotent hemopoietic stem cells and
      their differentiated progeny in normal and malignant hemopoiesis is discussed.

PMID- 6582522
TI  - Genetic restriction of cellular interactions that modulate in vitro
      erythropoiesis.
AB  - Immature erythroid precursors, assayed in vitro as BFU-E, express HLA-DR antigens
      that are distinct from the DR antigens expressed on lymphocytes. The growth of
      BFU-E in vitro is modulated by ill-defined factors elaborated by cooperating
      monocytes and T cells. Data from mouse studies suggest that factor elaboration is
      restricted genetically by Ia, and our data support this concept. In addition, we
      have shown that monocyte-dependent T cell-stimulating activity is limited by the
      presence of HLA-DR+ T cells. Whether the DR+ T cells suppress factor elaboration
      or alter BFU-E responsiveness to factor remains unknown. Nevertheless, the data
      suggest that HLA-DR antigens may play a role during in vitro hematopoiesis by
      restricting cell collaborations required to stimulate or inhibit growth.

PMID- 6582523
TI  - Regulated expression of human globin genes and flanking DNA in mouse
      erythroleukemia--human cell hybrids.
AB  - The expression of human globin genes and intergenic DNA is being investigated in
      MEL-human hybrids containing intact human chromosomes derived from nonerythroid
      cells. The studies indicate that a factor(s) present in MEL cells can cause
      activation of both beta- and gamma-globin genes that can be further stimulated by
      treatment with DMSO, an inducer of MEL cell differentiation. MEL-lymphoblast and
      MEL-fibroblast hybrids express an adult-like program in which much larger amounts
      of beta-globin mRNA than gamma-globin mRNA are produced; human beta-globin is at
      least as efficient as mouse beta-globin gene expression. The expression of both
      beta- and gamma-globin genes appears to be normal, as their mRNAs were found in
      polyribosomes and human beta-globin chains were readily detected. These results
      suggest that the MEL cells may be exploited as recipients of human globin genes
      for studies of molecular mechanisms controlling their expression. Comparison of
      intergenic DNA transcription patterns in hybrids and other cells not expressing
      human beta-globin has led to the identification of two regions flanking the delta
      beta-globin locus whose transcription is correlated with beta-globin. One region
      3' to the beta gene may define the site where its transcription terminates.
      Transcription of the other region, which is 5' to the delta gene, may be involved
      in some unknown way in hemoglobin switching.

PMID- 6582524
TI  - Serial dexamethasone suppression test results during antidepressant therapy:
      relationship to diagnosis and clinical change.
AB  - Thirty-two outpatients with major depression of mild to moderate severity were
      given a 1 mg dexamethasone test (DST) after 1 week of placebo. Those who failed
      to show a response to placebo began a 6-week course of desipramine treatment.
      Severity ratings and the DST were repeated during biweekly visits. DST results
      robustly validated Winokur's familial subtyping and the primary/secondary
      distinction only when multiple results were considered. The use of multiple DSTs
      doubled the sensitivity of this test to primary depression and to familal pure
      depressive disorder without affecting specificity. Based on these data, a single
      abnormal DST result is considerably more meaningful than a single normal one.
      This finding may have particular importance to outpatients.

PMID- 6582525
TI  - Depressive symptoms associated with dexamethasone resistance.
AB  - Using split sample discriminant function analysis on a series of 63 consecutive
      depressed outpatients, the authors identified several items on the Hamilton
      Depression Rating Scale that were associated with dexamethasone resistance (late
      and middle insomnia, retardation, somatic and psychic anxiety, and obsessive
      compulsive symptoms), and several items that were associated with dexamethasone
      suppression (genital symptoms, somatic-general symptoms, hypochondriasis, early
      insomnia, and depersonalization). The accuracy of the classification function was
      100% for the index split sample, 84% for the overall sample, and 72% for the
      other split sample. The implications of these findings are discussed.

PMID- 6582526
TI  - Nighttime plasma cortisol secretion and EEG sleep--are they associated?
AB  - Since the initial rise in plasma cortisol during sleep usually occurs near the
      second period of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, a more precise association
      between the initial cortisol rise and electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep was
      examined in 22 normal control subjects. Our results indicate that the length of
      the total non-REM sleep period between the first and second REM period including
      awake time was significantly correlated to the cortisol rise time. However, the
      timing of the initial cortisol rise was not significantly related to the overall
      plasma cortisol levels during the night. But the second non-REM sleep period
      (minus awake time) is inversely related to overall cortisol levels during the
      night.

PMID- 6582527
TI  - Pain sensitivity, evoked potentials, and the dexamethasone suppression test in
      depressed patients.
AB  - Nonsuppression of cortisol following dexamethasone may identify a biologically
      homogeneous subgroup of psychiatric patients. This article reports two studies
      examining pain sensitivity and sensory inhibition measured by evoked potential
      augmenting/reducing in dexamethasone test (DST) suppressors and nonsuppressors.
      Since nonsuppression may be related to elevated levels of adrenocorticotropic
      hormone (ACTH) and, perhaps, endogenous opiates, pain sensitivity and
      augmenting/reducing may differ between suppressors and nonsuppressors. Results
      indicate that nonsuppressors lack sensory inhibition and that evoked potential
      augmenting/reducing is correlated strongly with pain sensitivity only in
      nonsuppressors. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the DST
      identifies biologically different subgroups of depression.

PMID- 6582528
TI  - Inferential statistical methods for strengthening the interpretation of
      laboratory test results.
AB  - Laboratory test results for the diagnosis of psychiatric illness usually are
      reported descriptively despite the ready availability of appropriate inferential
      statistics. A test's sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic confidence are
      conditional probabilities. Confidence intervals may be calculated for these
      probabilities in any given study. Statistical tests for comparing the results of
      several studies use techniques for planned and posterior comparisons applied to
      contingency tables. These established statistical methods aid in the
      interpretation of laboratory test findings.

PMID- 6582529
TI  - The general adult inpatient psychiatric assessment scale (GAIPAS).
AB  - The General Adult Inpatient Psychiatric Assessment Scale (GAIPAS) is a "here and
      now" testing instrument based on the general mental status examination. The
      unique features of the GAIPAS include high interrater reliability with minimal
      training, "forced choice" format, a scoring method for hostile patients, brief
      administration time, and a format that lends itself to direct key punch of data.
      The GAIPAS may be used to follow a symptom, a set of symptoms, or collapsed into
      a single number comparable to the Global Assessment Scale. Interrater reliability
      of GAIPAS by interviewer/observer design is given in detail. The GAIPAS is
      compared to the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Global Assessment Scale
      (GAS) in the same population for interrater reliability.

PMID- 6582530
TI  - Variation of radiation sensitivity of Friend erythroleukemia cells cultured in
      the presence of the differentiation inducer DMSO.
AB  - Differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells (FELC) was induced with 1.5%
      dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the culture medium. Cell growth, erythroid
      differentiation, and radiosensitivity of the proliferative capacity of the cells
      were measured and compared to a noninduced control culture of identical age.
      Induced cells first appeared on Day 2 after DMSO addition, and increased to a
      maximum of 80 to 90% of the cell population on Day 5, whereas in the control
      culture, induction was less than 2% of the cells. Radiosensitivity of the cells
      in the induced culture, relative to that of cells in the control culture, showed
      an age-dependent variation. On Days 1 and 2 after DMSO addition, the cells in the
      induced culture were more radiosensitive than those in the control culture. At
      later times this relationship was reversed, and between Days 3 and 5 the clonable
      cells in the induced culture were less radiosensitive than those in the control
      culture. These results suggest that the metabolic events associated with
      commitment of FELC to differentiate affect their ability to cope with the
      radiation-induced lesions underlying the loss of division capacity.

PMID- 6582531
TI  - Variable differentiative response of 6-thioguanine-resistant HL60 sublines:
      possible relationship to double-minute chromosomes.

PMID- 6582532
TI  - Development of a transplantable mouse myeloid leukemia model system: a
      preliminary report.

PMID- 6582533
TI  - Neuropeptides and thirst.
AB  - A number of neuropeptides have been found to affect fluid intake when injected
      directly into the brain of various vertebrate species. These include: angiotensin
      II and its peptide precursors; the tachykinins Substance P, eledoisin and
      physalaemin; the opioid peptides met- and leu-enkephalin and beta-endorphin;
      bombesin; neurotensin; and vasopressin. Some of these stimulate drinking, some
      inhibit water intake, and the tachykinins have opposite effects on thirst
      depending on the species tested. Very little is known about the site or mechamism
      of action of most of these peptides or if their effects on thirst are
      physiological. The exception is angiotensin II, a peptide hormone that is
      synthesized in the blood in response to hypovalaemia or hypotension and is
      involved in many aspects of the regulation of blood volume and pressure.
      Angiotensin II injected intravenously or intracranially stimulates drinking in
      all reptiles, birds and mammals tested. In addition to its role as a hormone,
      angiotensin II may also function as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator, since
      all of the enzymes and precursors necessary for its synthesis have been found in
      the central nervous system.

PMID- 6582534
TI  - [Findings after systematic after-care in patients with removable cast partial
      dentures].

PMID- 6582535
TI  - [Information on the wearing of removable cast partial dentures].

PMID- 6582537
TI  - Response to the "Report on the social and ethical issues of genetic engineering
      with human beings.".

PMID- 6582536
TI  - [Late results on periodontal and esthetic conditions after anterior tooth loss
      and orthodontic closure of the gap with and without subsequent prosthetic
      treatment].

PMID- 6582538
TI  - Safety aspects of genetically-engineered microbial pesticides.

PMID- 6582539
TI  - Proposals involving field testing of recombinant DNA containing organisms.

PMID- 6582540
TI  - Patenting biotechnology.

PMID- 6582541
TI  - Eating and its disorders.

PMID- 6582542
TI  - Embryonic hemoglobins in mouse erythroleukemic cells.
AB  - Multiple hemoglobins are synthesized in the T3C12 murine erythroleukemic cells
      after induction with butyric acid and hemin. The pI values determined by IEF and
      globin composition of these hemoglobins suggests that A, E2, and E3 hemoglobins
      are synthesized in T3C12 cells. The embryonic mouse globins x, y, z and alpha
      from the yolk sac cells could be separated by acid urea triton x-100
      electrophoresis. The mobility of the globins are the following alpha greater than
      z greater than y greater than x.

PMID- 6582543
TI  - [Mandatory minute volume].

PMID- 6582544
TI  - [Acute anuric renal failure caused by hyperphosphoremia in acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia. 3 cases].
AB  - Nephrocalcinosis due to hyperphosphataemia with hypocalcaemia is a rare cause of
      ARF during chemotherapy of ALL. Three cases are reported, one with renal
      anatomopathological studies and microanalysis of the intratubular calculi. All
      possible preventive measures should be taken against this complication which is
      related to acute tumoral lysis, especially in the hyperleukocytic and/or tumoral
      forms of ALL.

PMID- 6582545
TI  - [Bacteriology of the periapex, focal consequences and principles of present-day
      antiseptics].

PMID- 6582546
TI  - [Periapical infections in teeth with root canal obstructions (instrument
      fragments)].

PMID- 6582547
TI  - [Hybrid pulpitis in deciduous teeth. Etiopathogenesis and therapy].

PMID- 6582548
TI  - [Treatment of pulp inflammation in deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6582549
TI  - [Round table. Electrosurgery in daily practice].

PMID- 6582550
TI  - [Clinical profile of a new bioprecursor].

PMID- 6582552
TI  - Choledochoscopy.

PMID- 6582553
TI  - Microsurgical removal of ruptured lumbar disks.

PMID- 6582551
TI  - [HLA-Dr in cases of rheumatoid arthritis. Introduction of a new marker of
      clinical aggressivity].

PMID- 6582554
TI  - Blood usage: physicians' order practices for four elective surgical procedures.

PMID- 6582555
TI  - [Operative dentistry for clinical dentists].

PMID- 6582556
TI  - [A new photographic and teleradiographic method in orthodontics].

PMID- 6582557
TI  - [Scintigraphy of the bones in clinical practice].

PMID- 6582558
TI  - [Case of an impacted canine... excluded by a diagnostic radiologic study].

PMID- 6582559
TI  - [Objectives for orodental health for the year 2000].

PMID- 6582560
TI  - [Analysis of the determining factors in the selection of reconstructive technics
      in teeth treated endodontically].

PMID- 6582561
TI  - [Long-term effects of the administration of small quantities of fluoride in the
      food and drinking water of caries-susceptible rats].

PMID- 6582562
TI  - [Relation between the diet and the development of basal bone in the rat: a pilot
      study].

PMID- 6582563
TI  - [Marta C., or the secondary advantages of nervousness in dentistry].

PMID- 6582565
TI  - [Clinical problems in Class III malocclusion].

PMID- 6582564
TI  - [Comparative study of the microstructural characteristics and behavior of
      corrosion of a palladium amalgam].

PMID- 6582566
TI  - [New possibilities for treatment of mandibular fractures in children under 3
      years of age].

PMID- 6582567
TI  - [Treatment of fractures of the mandibular condyle in patients after the growth
      period].

PMID- 6582568
TI  - [Occlusion in conservative dentistry: occlusal problems due to excessively carved
      amalgam in Class I and II cavities].

PMID- 6582569
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma].

PMID- 6582570
TI  - [Control mechanism of masticatory muscle activity].

PMID- 6582571
TI  - [Oral manifestations in lead poisoning].

PMID- 6582572
TI  - [Effect of chronic inanition and frequency of eating on experimental dental
      caries in the rat].

PMID- 6582573
TI  - [Cysts of the jaw bone: origin, development, classification and surgical
      technic].

PMID- 6582574
TI  - The relationship zinc--alkaline phosphatase activity in normal and pathologic
      granulocytes.
AB  - To study the relationship granulocyte alkaline phosphatase (AP)--zinc (Zn) in
      mixed leukocyte suspensions, the enzyme from 51 mixed leukocyte suspensions was
      separated and purified. In the pure extract, determinations were carried out for
      enzymatic activity--using the autoanalyzer LKB 8600--and for Zn content--using
      atomic absorption spectrophotometry. From the data obtained it resulted that, in
      agreement with the results in the literature Zn concentration in the mixed
      leukocyte suspensions from chronic myeloid leukemia, (CML) patients is about half
      that in the normal controls (0.65 +/- 0.15 as compared with 1.24 +/- 0.15
      micrograms/mg total nitrogen). Granulocyte AP separated from normal leukocyte
      suspensions was found to bind about 95% of the total Zn content, i.e., 1.21 +/-
      0.15 micrograms/mg total nitrogen and its enzymatic activity was about 16 U/g
      total nitrogen. In CML patients the enzyme bound a mean Zn concentration of 0.55
      +/- 0.15 micrograms/mg total nitrogen and its mean activity was 2.25 U/g total
      nitrogen, i.e., about 86% of the normal values found in the controls. The
      enzymatic activity decreased to zero after only 20 min dialysis with 8
      hydroxyquinoleine-5-sulfonic acid (8HC5S) as compared with the 60-80 min in the
      controls. It can be concluded that the leukemic leukocyte is unable to form the
      metal-enzyme complex owing to the deficit of the Zn involved in the enzymatic
      activity.

PMID- 6582575
TI  - [Eosinophilic articular effusions. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 6582576
TI  - Sclerosing cholangitis.

PMID- 6582577
TI  - Therapy of ulcerative colitis--a critical evaluation.

PMID- 6582578
TI  - Alternative operations for ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 6582580
TI  - The role of cancer surveillance in long term prognosis of ulcerative colitis.
AB  - The cancer risk in patients with extensive colitis has increased. It seems to be
      of a moderate degree in the long-term perspective when looking at it in
      epidemiological terms and studies. All methods of selecting patients for cancer
      prophylactic surgery have their merits and disadvantages. The decision could be
      made only on the duration and extent of the disease. Then there is a risk of an
      unnecessary surgery including post-operative mortality and morbidity. By
      including histological and endoscopical findings in the decision one increases
      the precision of selection but one runs the risk of missing carcinoma which may
      develop in occasional patients. Hopefully in the future additional methods will
      increase our means of selection as an important part of the long-term management
      for these patients.

PMID- 6582579
TI  - Dysplasia in ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 6582581
TI  - Dysplasia and ulcerative colitis--a colonoscopic study.
AB  - Cancer will be found on colonoscopic biopsy in 11% of patients with chronic
      ulcerative colitis for over eight years' duration. Sixteen percent of patients
      with dysplasia will subsequently be found to have carcinoma of the colon. A total
      of 3% of patients in the high-risk group will have cancer of the colon.
      Endoscopic biopsies should be separated into those performed for diagnostic or
      surveillance purposes, so that meaningful and reproducible results will be
      obtained. Annual total colonoscopy and biopsies are recommended for surveillance
      purposes.

PMID- 6582582
TI  - The clinical outcome of ulcerative colitis depends on how much of the colonic
      mucosa is involved.

PMID- 6582583
TI  - Epidemiology of ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 6582584
TI  - Interferon-alpha treatment of a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and
      Down's syndrome. Effects on natural killer cell activity and mitogen
      responsiveness.
AB  - A 32-year-old female with Down's syndrome and common ALL was treated with human
      leucocyte interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) at a dose of 3 X 10(6) units i.m. daily.
      Side-effects consisted of slight tenderness and localized haematomas at the sites
      of injection. During treatment the number of leukaemic cells decreased in the
      peripheral blood. The proportion of blast cells in the bone marrow decreased only
      slightly, but a large fraction of them became vacuolized. After the initial
      response the disease progressed and IFN was withdrawn after treatment for 67 d.
      Prior to initiation of IFN treatment the natural killer activity of the patient's
      lymphocytes, as well as the response of these cells to mitogenic stimuli, was
      low. During IFN therapy these functions increased. Following the withdrawal of
      IFN therapy the patient received vincristine/prednisone treatment and a complete
      remission was achieved after 5 weeks. She is still in remission and on
      maintenance therapy 24 months after initiation of treatment.

PMID- 6582585
TI  - Combined granulocyte and platelet transfusions: inter-relationship between
      granulocyte and platelet recoveries in the presence and absence of complicating
      factors.
AB  - 191 combined collections of granulocytes (PMN) and platelets (PLT) obtained by
      discontinuous cytapheresis were given to 23 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia
      (AML). The circulation in recipients of the concomitantly transfused cells was
      compared by measuring the % recovery of PMN at 1 h, and of PLT at 1 and 20 h. The
      recovery of both cells was greatly reduced in transfusions accompanied by a
      transfusion reaction. Fever in recipients had no effect on the recovery of either
      cell, but PMN recovery was significantly higher in patients receiving oral
      prednisolone. Alloimmunization to PLT, defined as recovery levels less than 15%
      at 1 h and/or less than 10% at 20 h, was recorded in 42 transfusions, and PMN
      recovery was significantly reduced in this group. In transfusions where PMN
      recovery was 'low' (less than 5%); the recovery of the coincidentally transfused
      PLT was significantly reduced only in transfusions accompanied by a reaction.
      These results emphasize the deleterious effects of transfusion reactions and
      suggest that donor PMN frequently circulate less well in recipients alloimmunized
      to PLT from the same donor.

PMID- 6582586
TI  - Treatment of advanced bone marrow neoplasms with ifosfamide combinations.
AB  - Ifosfamide, in combination with other cytostatics, was given to 15 patients with
      advanced neoplasia derived from bone marrow cells. A response to therapy was
      obtained in 8 patients. It is suggested that ifosfamide, in combination with
      other drugs, deserves larger trials in the treatment of advanced bone marrow
      neoplasia.

PMID- 6582587
TI  - Physiology and ecology of the vagina.
AB  - The human vagina is lined by stratified squamous epithelium which has no glands.
      Major components of the vaginal secretions are transudate through the vaginal
      walls, desquamating epithelial cells, cervical mucus, fluids from the upper
      genital tract, and leukocytes. Estrogens and sexual stimulation are examples of
      factors which increase vaginal fluid. Major organic constituents of the vaginal
      fluid are proteins, carbohydrates, and fatty acids. Organic acids arise as
      metabolic byproducts of vaginal bacterial flora, cause the vaginal odor, and show
      cyclic changes except in oral contraceptive users. Qualitative and quantitative
      studies in humans as well as animal model studies have confirmed that the vaginal
      flora is a dynamic and closely interrelated system. Lactobacilli are most
      prevalent, but many other facultative and anaerobic organisms are present. An
      inverse relationship exists between the concentration of lactobacilli and other
      bacteria such as anaerobes. Aerobic bacteria decrease premenstrually whereas
      anaerobes, in general, remain at constant levels. During menarche, pregnancy,
      postpartum period, menopause, and postoperative trauma, dramatic changes occur in
      the microbial flora. The role of an IUD in causing changes in the microbial flora
      is under great scrutiny at the present time. Overall, disturbances in the vaginal
      ecosystem may have a potential impact on many diseases, and thus deserve careful
      studies.

PMID- 6582588
TI  - In vitro interactions between lactobacilli and other microorganisms occurring in
      the vaginal flora.
AB  - The present study shows that certain species of lactobacilli isolated from the
      human vagina can, on artificial culture media, inhibit growth of other bacterial
      species recovered from the same site. The antibiosis seems to be mediated by one
      or more extracellular compounds produced by the lactobacilli acting, over a wide
      pH-range, on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic and facultatively
      anaerobic bacteria as well as yeast fungi. Likewise, certain bacteria suppressed
      growth of lactobacilli under similar test conditions. In some instances a
      stimulatory effect of the growth of the lactobacilli was noted. The antibacterial
      and antifungal principles demonstrated in the present study can not be
      classified, to the best of our knowledge, as any previously known antibiotic
      principle of lactobacilli.

PMID- 6582589
TI  - Definitions of infectious and infectious-like conditions in the lower genital
      tract of the female.
AB  - A large number of factors regulate the composition and dynamics of the microbial
      ecosystems in the lower female genito-urinary tract. Metabolic activities of
      certain species of e.g. the vaginal microbial community might give rise to
      symptomatic infectious-like conditions without activation of the host's defense
      mechanisms. On the other hand, "true" infections might pass without any obvious
      symptoms. Similar to other mucosal surfaces, the microbial ecosystems on the
      periurethral, introital, vaginal and urethral mucosa is dominated by anaerobic
      bacteria. Some of the infectious-like conditions in the lower female genito
      urinary tract involve predominantly anaerobic bacteria of the endogenous flora. A
      "dynamic" thinking including considerations of microbial and host/parasite
      interactions is currently replacing the concept of "one microorganism-one
      disease". The traditionally used clinical terminology has not kept pace with the
      modern ecological views. We have emphasize the need for unequivocal and strictly
      defined criteria for the clinical definitions of infectious and infectious-like
      conditions in the lower female genito-urinary tract.

PMID- 6582590
TI  - Antimicrobial susceptibility of comma-shaped bacteria isolated from the vagina.
AB  - Comma-shaped bacteria isolated from the posterior vaginal fornix of women with
      foul-smelling discharge were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility. The
      20 strains studied were tested anaerobically, using agar dilution tests. They
      were highly susceptible to beta lactam antibiotics, clindamycin, doxycycline,
      erythromycin, gentamicin and thiamphenicol. On the other hand, the bacteria were
      relatively resistant to sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid and nitroimidazoles. A
      difference in susceptibility to nitroimidazoles between long and short variants
      of the comma-shaped bacteria was found; the former being more susceptible than
      the latter.

PMID- 6582591
TI  - Diagnosis and therapy of nonspecific vaginitis. Correlation between KOH-test,
      clue cells and microbiology.
AB  - A clinical and quantitative microbiological study was performed on 32 women with
      fishy odour of the vaginal fluid. This odour could be intensified by the addition
      of one drop of 10% potassium hydroxide. Clue cells were found to be present in
      all cases. Gardnerella vaginalis was isolated from the vaginal fluid in 97%, and
      large quantities of mixed anaerobes in 100% of the patients. The therapy with
      metronidazole, 400 mg twice daily for 5 days, was successful in 22 out of 24
      patients. After therapy the fishy odour and the clue cells were no longer
      detectable. G. vaginalis and anaerobes could only be isolated sporadically and in
      small quantities. The isolation rate of Lactobacillus species increased from 3%
      to 86% within one week.

PMID- 6582592
TI  - Proceedings of the 14th congress of the Scandinavian Association of Urology.
      Malmo, September 15-17, 1983.

PMID- 6582593
TI  - [Silicosis. Current problems. Evaluation of dust in the occupational
      environment].
AB  - The evaluation of airborne dust in the occupational environment is one of the
      most important tasks of the industrial hygienist. The topic is reviewed in three
      parts. First, the main properties of the hazard to be evaluated (in this case
      airborne particulates) are outlined, a knowledge of these being a basic
      prerequisite. A few aspects of this wide field are described. The second part
      deals with the sampling problem, which is extremely tricky due to the difficulty
      of sampling airborne particulates without altering their initial state in some
      way (size distribution, chemical composition etc.). The problem of sampling
      representativity is illustrated by a few examples. Thirdly, actual evaluation
      (including methods of detection and analysis, and interpretation of results) is
      dealt with in the same way, i.e. by demonstrating its complexity with the aid of
      a few examples. In conclusion, assessment of exposure to airborne solid or liquid
      contaminants, to determine, for example, whether a health hazard exists, can only
      be carried out by a specialist with the necessary knowledge and experience.

PMID- 6582594
TI  - [Defense mechanisms of the respiratory system].
AB  - The air we breathe contains certain gases and particles, some of which may be a
      threat to man. The respiratory tract is their first target because it comes into
      direct contact with them, and to protect the body itself it mobilizes defense
      mechanisms of high complexity. To understand these it is necessary to analyze the
      toxic modalities of these air contaminants: composition, deposition and transit
      through the respiratory tract. As far as the particles are concerned, the
      aerodynamic diameter is an important factor in determining the manner of
      deposition. Also of importance are shape, density, degree of humidity and
      radioactivity. Some particles are infectious, some are antigenic, and some are
      toxic due to their physical structure or chemical composition. Emphasis is placed
      on the role of aerosols, particularly tobacco smoke, as pollution factors or co
      factors with other pollutants. The characteristics of the exposed subject capable
      of defining a risk profile varying from person to person are dwelt on. This
      approach presupposes a separation, within the cleaning and defense mechanisms, of
      the mechanical means which bring physical phenomena into play on the basis of
      fixed structures in the respiratory tract (cilium, mucous cells, surfactant).
      This is followed by study of the immunologic means of defense essentially
      involving cellular elements residing temporarily in the lung (T or B lymphocytes,
      plurinuclears, alveolar histiocytes in particular). Many enzyme systems are also
      involved in this pulmonary defense and in keeping homeostasis working. Particular
      attention is focused on some of them, such as the antiproteases and cytochrome
      P450.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6582595
TI  - [Treatment possibilities and treatment results in pneumoconioses].
AB  - Some types of pneumoconiosis, such as asbestosis, are characterized by marked
      restrictive functional patterns. Treatment is begun when definite arterial
      hypoxemia appears, since the inhalation of oxygen clearly lowers pulmonary artery
      pressure. It is also important that the onset of concomitant airway obstruction
      is recognized promptly. From the sociomedical standpoint the most significant
      pneumoconiosis continues to be the miner's anthracosilicosis. The functional
      pattern of this pneumoconiosis is clearly airway obstruction, and such
      anthracosilicotic airway obstruction responds like all other forms of airway
      obstruction to antiobstructive therapy. The fundamentals of this therapy, which
      is based on the use of bronchodilators, adrenal cortical hormones and
      antibiotics, are described.

PMID- 6582597
TI  - Statistical correlation between oral hygiene and dental caries tested in Haitian
      and Hamburg children.

PMID- 6582596
TI  - [Intra-mandibular inclusions of salivary tissue].

PMID- 6582598
TI  - Advanced investigative method for the study of natural mastication--a
      methodological report.

PMID- 6582599
TI  - Practical aspects of salt fluoridation.

PMID- 6582600
TI  - [Effect of autonomic drugs on sialic acid biosynthesis in the rat submandibular
      gland].

PMID- 6582602
TI  - [A newly designed brushing machine for use in the roll technic].

PMID- 6582601
TI  - [Changes in mandibular movement before and after treatment of malocclusion.
      Standardized analysis of the lateral x-ray cephalogram in orthodontic and
      surgical treatment cases].

PMID- 6582603
TI  - [Genetic study of deciduous dentition among American white children, American
      black children and Japanese children (2)].

PMID- 6582604
TI  - [Hereditary susceptibility and malignant hemopathies. Incidence of congenital
      renal anomalies in children with malignant lymphoproliferative diseases].

PMID- 6582605
TI  - HLA antigens in White and Black South African diabetics.
AB  - The HLA A and B specificities in 72 Whites with type 1 or juvenile-onset diabetes
      mellitus (JOD), 53 Blacks with type 1 diabetes or JOD and 52 Blacks with type II
      or maturity-onset diabetes (MOD) were determined and compared with those in 278
      Whites and 311 Blacks who were not diabetic. In Whites with JOD, frequencies of
      HLA A1 and B8 antigens were significantly increased, whereas those of the A3 and
      B17 antigens were reduced. Blacks with JOD had an increased frequency of HLA B8.
      By contrast, in Blacks with MOD the antigen frequencies were not significantly
      altered. The D-locus antigens Dw3 (DRw3) and Dw4 (DRw4), which bear the strongest
      associations with JOD in Whites, need to be examined in Black South African
      diabetics.

PMID- 6582606
TI  - The effect of gamma-linolenic acid on the growth of human osteogenic sarcoma and
      oesophageal carcinoma cells in culture.
AB  - A statistically highly significant growth-suppressive effect of the prostaglandin
      precursor gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) on MG63 human osteogenic sarcoma and
      oesophageal carcinoma cells in culture was found. In view of the results reported
      on the growth-suppressive effect of GLA on cancer cells in culture, on
      transplanted mammary tumours in rats and in primary liver cancer patients, it
      would appear that further investigation of the effects of this fatty acid on
      cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo is warranted.

PMID- 6582607
TI  - [Alveolar bone resorption and periodontal diseases. I].

PMID- 6582609
TI  - [Periodontal tissue and esthetic restoration. 2. Provisional restoration].

PMID- 6582608
TI  - [Use of prostaglandins in orthodontic tooth movement--experimental and clinical
      studies].

PMID- 6582611
TI  - [Prevention of dental caries by laser irradiation (1)].

PMID- 6582610
TI  - [Medical use of thermography and its future. 1].

PMID- 6582613
TI  - [How to prevent and deal with malpractice].

PMID- 6582612
TI  - [Oral candidiasis and a simple liquid medium for genus Candida].

PMID- 6582614
TI  - [Oral check-up of the 3-years-old].

PMID- 6582615
TI  - [Legal status of dentists in Japan (2). Their rights, duties and scope of the
      dental profession].

PMID- 6582616
TI  - [Composite resins as restoration material].

PMID- 6582617
TI  - [Adhesive resins to hard tissues].

PMID- 6582619
TI  - [Clinical reflections on the dynamics of attrition].

PMID- 6582618
TI  - [Guaiazulene in orodental surgery].

PMID- 6582620
TI  - [Attrition of deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6582621
TI  - [Jaw function and attrition of the occlusal surface].

PMID- 6582622
TI  - [Attrition and masticatory efficiency].

PMID- 6582623
TI  - [Alveolar bone resorption and periodontal diseases. II. Etiological studies of
      periodontal diseases, mechanisms of alveolar bone resorption and a new
      restoration method].

PMID- 6582624
TI  - [Characteristics, TNM classifications, histopathological types of oral neoplasms
      and the relationship between smoking and oral neoplasms].

PMID- 6582625
TI  - [Furcation involvement and its management in dental clinics. 3].

PMID- 6582626
TI  - [Medical use of thermography and its future. 2].

PMID- 6582627
TI  - [Periodontal tissue and esthetic restoration. 3. Periodontal surgery and esthetic
      prosthesis].

PMID- 6582628
TI  - [Prevention of dental caries by laser irradiation. 2. Choice of instruments and
      problems of the irradiated enamel surface].

PMID- 6582630
TI  - [Should casting Ni-Cr alloys be covered by dental insurance?].

PMID- 6582629
TI  - [Dental check-up of the 3-years-old].

PMID- 6582631
TI  - [Legal status of dentists in Japan (3). Their rights, duties and scope of the
      dental profession].

PMID- 6582632
TI  - [Public dentistry--dental care for the very young].

PMID- 6582633
TI  - [Analgesic effect of Feldene (piroxicam) on pain following minor oral surgery].

PMID- 6582634
TI  - [Essence of clinical dentistry: invasion and defense].

PMID- 6582635
TI  - [Dental education--loosening up from overloaded education].

PMID- 6582636
TI  - [Health education and dental health: rationale and schedule].

PMID- 6582637
TI  - [Functions of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6582638
TI  - [Pathogenicity of dental plaque].

PMID- 6582639
TI  - [Dental science and biomaterials].

PMID- 6582640
TI  - [Oral immunology--present status and future prospects].

PMID- 6582641
TI  - [Initial diagnosis in clinical dentistry].

PMID- 6582642
TI  - [Changes and progress in the concept of gnathology].

PMID- 6582643
TI  - [Intracapsular biopsy of TMJ syndrome].

PMID- 6582645
TI  - [National medical costs and dental health care... a point of compromise].

PMID- 6582644
TI  - [Psychological aspects in clinical dentistry].

PMID- 6582646
TI  - [Ecological relation between diet and oral health].

PMID- 6582647
TI  - [Various thoughts on the quality of dentists].

PMID- 6582648
TI  - [Role of oral health examinations].

PMID- 6582649
TI  - [How to deal with aging society].

PMID- 6582651
TI  - [Dental health education for the 3-year-old].

PMID- 6582650
TI  - [Pathology of dental hard tissues].

PMID- 6582652
TI  - [Possibility of curing acute leukemias in adults: report of 22 cases of
      discontinued chemotherapy. When hope can become reality].

PMID- 6582653
TI  - [Role of surgery in the treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis in leukemic
      patients].

PMID- 6582654
TI  - [Electromyographic activities of the masticatory muscles during mastication in
      normal occlusion].

PMID- 6582655
TI  - Finnish immigrants and dental care in Stockholm county.
AB  - In recent decades Sweden has become an immigrant country. The proportion of
      persons of foreign origin in the population has risen from 0.5% in the 1940s to
      slightly more than 10% in the early 1980s. Migration to Sweden is a part of the
      extensive international migration of labour that has occurred in Europe since the
      Second World War. Almost half of the immigrants in Sweden come from Finland. The
      common Nordic Labour market since 1954 allows free migration of nordic citizens.
      No comprehensive dental health studies have been performed on immigrants in
      Sweden. The aim of this study was to assess and analyse the dental situation and
      utilization of dental services by Finnish immigrants to Stockholm county. Three
      different methods were used to gather dental epidemiological data. A clinical
      examination of an age-stratified random sample consisting of 170 adult Finnish
      citizens living at Huddinge, a suburb of Stockholm, provided data on the oral
      health during 1977. A questionnaire survey of a random sample of 1332, 20-59 yr
      old Finnish citizens in the same community in 1981 provided information on
      utilization of dental services, dental visiting behaviour and factors which
      determined this and also on perceived treatment needs in this population group.
      Finally, a comparison of use of dental services by and treatment provided to all
      Finnish citizens aged between 17-64 yr, born on the 20th of any month and living
      in the County of Stockholm, and to a matched comparison group of Swedes, was
      based on data from 1975. National health statistics, available since the
      introduction of the Dental Insurance scheme in Sweden, were used. A longitudinal
      follow-up survey of utilization of dental services and secular changes in dental
      attendance in 1976-1980 by 1152 settled Finnish immigrants, selected in the afore
      mentioned way, and a Swedish comparison group was also done using the same
      information source. The results of the investigations can be summarized as
      follows: The clinical and questionnaire studies revealed poorer oral health i.e.,
      number of teeth and more untreated caries in the group studied than has been
      shown in epidemiological surveys on Swedish populations. The questionnaire study
      showed that about 23% of the respondents had not visited a dentist in Sweden.
      These were often recently immigrated and had poor knowledge of Swedish. About 23%
      of the respondents had sometimes used the Finnish dental services and 5.5% did so
      regularly while living in Sweden.

PMID- 6582656
TI  - Inflammatory involvement of the temporomandibular joint. Diagnostic and
      therapeutic aspects and a study of individuals with ankylosing spondylitis.
AB  - The aims of this thesis were firstly to investigate the relationship between pain
      and tenderness to palpation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), radiographic
      changes of the joint and signs of inflammation in the synovial fluid and to
      compare the effects of intra-articular injections of a corticosteroid into the
      TMJ with occlusal treatment in patients with tenderness to palpation of the TMJ,
      secondly to study subjective, clinical and radiographic features in the
      stomatognathic system of individuals with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in
      comparison with individuals without general joint symptoms or disease, and
      thirdly to study the observer variability of some variables used in the clinical
      examination of the stomatognathic system. Radiographic, cellular and biochemical
      signs of inflammation were frequently found in the TMJs of patients with
      longstanding pain and tenderness in this joint. Absence of radiographic changes
      of the TMJ did not, however, exclude the possibility of organic TMJ disease. Both
      intra-articular injections of corticosteroid combined with local anaesthetic and
      occlusal treatment showed a long-term palliative effect on subjective symptoms
      and clinical signs from the stomatognathic system. The clinical signs, however,
      showed a significantly better long-term response to the intra-articular
      injections than to the occlusal treatment. The prognosis for the intra-articular
      steroid injections was most favourable in patients without radiographic signs of
      TMJ remodelling or general joint symptoms. The ankylosing spondylitis study
      showed that subjective and clinical symptoms in the stomatognathic system and
      radiographic changes of the TMJ are more frequent in the individuals with AS
      compared to the other individuals. Most signs and symptoms in the stomatognathic
      system of the individuals with AS were correlated to the extension and severity
      of this disease. There was also a correlation between clinical and radiographic
      signs of inflammatory involvement of the TMJ and subjective and clinical symptoms
      from the stomatognathic system in the individuals with AS which was not found in
      the other individuals. Occlusal factors seemed to play a minor etiological role
      in the development of signs and symptoms from the stomatognathic system in both
      the individuals with AS and the other individuals. The methodological study
      showed that the intra-observer variability was generally lower than the
      interobserver variability. Maximal mouth opening capacity had the lowest observer
      variability in the clinical examination.

PMID- 6582657
TI  - HLA associations in sarcoidosis: a study of two ethnic groups.
AB  - We report results of HLA-A, B, C, and DR typing in groups of white Caucasians of
      English descent and black West Indians of African descent with sarcoidosis. In
      the English patients we found a significantly increased frequency of Cw7, which
      was not found in the West Indian patients. Our results also suggest that DR3 and,
      in particular, inheritance of the B8/Cw7/DR3 haplotype is associated with good
      prognosis in English patients with sarcoidosis. There was no association between
      any HLA antigen and prognosis in the West Indian patients in this study.

PMID- 6582658
TI  - 3 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-4 isomerase activity in the rhesus
      monkey placenta and fetal adrenal, testis and ovary during late gestation.
AB  - 3 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-4 isomerase (3 beta-HSDH) was
      measured in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) placenta, fetal adrenal (whole
      organ minus medulla), testis and ovary during late gestation (Days 145-162).
      Activities were evaluated from the conversion of [3H]-pregnenolone to
      [3H]progesterone. The maximum enzyme velocity (Vm) in adrenal microsomes (100,000
      g pellet) was significantly higher (146 nmoles progesterone/h X mg-1 protein)
      than in microsomes from the other tissues. Testicular Vm was greater than either
      ovarian or placental Vm which were not different from one another (11.5 versus
      1.9, 1.2 nmoles progesterone/h X mg-1 protein, respectively). Apparent Michaelis
      Menten constants in the adrenal, placenta, testis and ovary averaged 1.8, 2.5,
      0.27 and 0.16 microM, respectively. In some cases, substrate inhibition was
      noted. Estimated dissociation constants for pregnenolone were 2.3 microM
      (adrenal), 2.1 microM (placenta), 0.74 microM (testis) and 0.13 microM (ovary). 3
      beta-HSDH was less active in a crude mitochondrial preparation from the fetal
      adrenal (10,000 g pellet) than in microsomes, whereas activity in the placenta
      and testis appeared to be equally distributed between mitochondria and
      microsomes. Rate measurements were consistent with the apparent potentials of
      these organs to synthesize their characteristic hormones. Thus, 3 beta-HSDH
      activity may be an important rate determining step in hormone synthesis. The
      importance of substrate inhibition in progesterone formation remains to be
      assessed.

PMID- 6582660
TI  - [Experimental studies on the hardness and abrasion resistance of stone die
      materials after contact with elastomers].

PMID- 6582659
TI  - Patterns of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-4isomerase activity in
      the rhesus monkey placenta and fetal adrenal.
AB  - 3 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-4isomerase activity (3 beta-HSDH) was
      examined in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) placenta and fetal adrenal at 135
      and 155-162 days of gestation. Activity was evaluated in microsomes by the
      conversion of [3H]pregnenolone to [3H]progesterone. There was a 7-fold increase
      in enzyme activity in the whole adrenal (minus medulla) between the two stages of
      development. Combining data from both periods, enzyme activity was greater in the
      outer than in the inner region of the adrenal. No stage-dependent change in
      placental activity was evident. The temporal patterns in 3 beta-HSDH activity are
      consistent with corticoid and progesterone patterns in the circulation. Thus, the
      level of 3 beta-HSDH activity may be rate limiting in both the fetal adrenal and
      placenta. Enzyme activity was assessed in incubations which included unextracted,
      heat-treated, 100,000 g tissue supernatants. In both placental and adrenal
      incubations, competitive inhibition was noted. Ethyl ether extracts of 100,000 g
      tissue supernatants also inhibited 3 beta-HSDH in the respective tissues. GLC
      analysis of these extracts revealed the presence of putative
      dehydroepiandrosterone. Hormone levels and the nature of the inhibition that were
      observed are compatible with the conclusion that dehydroepiandrosterone can
      inhibit the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone in vivo. The physiological
      importance of this remains to be determined.

PMID- 6582661
TI  - [Abrasion resistance of amalgams with increasing copper content].

PMID- 6582662
TI  - [Assessment of acute cytotoxicity of sintered bio-vitreoceramics].

PMID- 6582663
TI  - [Early detection of tumors in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6582664
TI  - Current concepts in the management of complex retinal detachments.
AB  - Vitrectomy techniques and the use of liquid silicone oil provide important new
      possibilities in the management of complex retinal detachments including (1)
      Rhegmatogeneous detachments complicated by vitreous haemorrhages, cataract or an
      inadequate pupillary opening (2) Traction retinal detachment (3) Combined
      rhegmatogeneous-traction detachment (4) Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) (5)
      Giant tears, especially when the posterior flap is folded over (6) Retinal
      detachments with posterior retinal breaks. The current concepts in the management
      of the above retinal detachments are discussed and the specific techniques
      employed are described.

PMID- 6582665
TI  - Options in the treatment of congenital-infantile esotropia.
AB  - When selecting options for treatment of congenital esotropia it is difficult to
      be 'wrong' if the ophthalmologist exercises the proper care beforehand. A well
      thought out course can be appropriately redirected if need be. The dogged
      adherence to a scheme in the absence of critical evaluation and appropriate
      revision should be avoided. It may be better to start out all wrong and be
      willing to change than to start out half right and be inflexible.

PMID- 6582666
TI  - Early experience with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging in the
      investigation of ocular proptosis.
AB  - The differential diagnosis of lesions causing ocular proptosis is frequently
      difficult making decisions on management correspondingly difficult. Computerized
      axial tomography (CAT) scanning has been of great benefit in showing the location
      and size of such lesions. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) imaging, a non
      ionising technique, offers, in addition, the prospect of soft tissue
      differentiation giving an indication to the actual nature of lesions in the
      posterior orbit. Eleven cases of orbital proptosis have been imaged by NMR and
      the images of six of these are demonstrated and compared with the corresponding
      CAT scans. In the small area of the orbit spatial resolution is slightly less on
      NMR, at this early stage in its development, compared to the more fully developed
      CAT scans, but some degree of tissue differentiation is already possible. The
      safety and future potential of the technique are outlined.

PMID- 6582667
TI  - Preliminary observations regarding the use of iodine-125 in the management of
      choroidal melanoma.
AB  - When compared with Cobalt-60, the physical properties of Iodine-125 make it an
      attractive alternative therapy for consideration in the management of selected
      choroidal melanomas. The low-energy gamma emission can be nearly completely
      shielded by a thin sheet of gold 0.4 mm thick. Iodine-125 contained in a gold
      backed episcleral plaque may reduce radiation exposure to non-target tissues of
      the eye including the optic nerve and macula. Iodine-125 is readily available, is
      adaptable to specific tumour locations and size, and offers very little radiation
      hazard to handlers. The physical characteristics of Iodine-125 are suitable for
      treatment of relatively large ocular tumours. Preliminary experience at the Mayo
      Clinic with Iodine-125 in the management of 12 patients with malignant melanoma
      to the choroid who have been followed between six months and two and a quarter
      years, indicate the effectiveness of Iodine-125 in promoting tumour shrinkage. In
      11 of the 12 treated eyes, there is evidence of decreased tumour thickness as
      judged by ultrasonography and photography.

PMID- 6582668
TI  - Aphakic retinal detachment. Prophylaxis in the second eye.
AB  - One hundred and sixty-three cases of aphakic retinal detachment were reviewed and
      found to be divided equally between eyes which prior to cataract surgery had been
      myopic, highly myopic or in a low myope group. Only 30 per cent of the non-myopic
      eyes had not suffered some form of complication and these eyes constituted only
      10 per cent of the whole study. It is concluded that non myopic eyes do not
      require prophylaxis but that most of the myopes do. Consideration should be given
      to extra-capsular cataract surgery in addition to prophylactic cryotherapy in the
      high risk groups.

PMID- 6582669
TI  - Life on implants.
AB  - Seven Ridley Mark I anterior chamber lenses were removed from patients at St
      Thomas's Hospital. The lenses had been in place for an average of 15 years. The
      indication for removal was corneal endothelial decompensation with painful
      bullous keratopathy. Examination of the lenses under the scanning electron
      microscope showed remarkably similar morphology in each case. A well organised
      fibrin membrane covered the implants to which iris pigment epithelial cells were
      adherent. Red blood cells, scattered fibroblasts and pigment granules were also
      found. Giant cells were not identified while macrophages and lymphocytes were
      rare. These findings suggest that corneal endothelial decompensation was not due
      to chronic inflammation but was probably caused by movement of the implants
      within the eyes.

PMID- 6582670
TI  - Retinal membrane in the vitrectomized eye: an animal model.
AB  - A fibroblast induced model of retinal membrane has been developed in the
      vitrectomized rabbit eye. Localization of the membrane on the retinal surface
      requires a two stage procedure. An initial lensectomy and vitrectomy results in
      partial posterior vitreous detachment; the vitreous remains attached to the
      vascular retina (medullary rays) and vitreous base. At a subsequent procedure the
      detached posterior hyaloid face is excised; a fluid/SF6-air exchange is performed
      and fibroblasts are injected. Despite the use of only 25,000 cells, retinal
      membrane and subsequent traction retinal detachment develop. In contrast to cell
      injection in the nonvitrectomized eye, in which vitreous membranes predominate,
      this model stresses epiretinal membrane and surface retinal traction.

PMID- 6582671
TI  - Why I do intracapsular extraction and use the Choyce Mk IX AC implant.

PMID- 6582672
TI  - The long-term reliability of intracapsular extraction with Binkhorst 4-loop
      implant.
AB  - I continue to do intracapsular cataract surgery under general anaesthesia and use
      a standardized surgical plan evolved over a period of 12 years with a 4-loop
      Rayner-Binkhorst lens, because: Results do not justify change. The incidence of
      ECD, CMO and RD is low. Re-operation is seldom needed. No alternative choice
      seems valid. Modifications are too frequent. Results are claimed on very short
      experience. Intracapsular surgery gives a higher proportion of 6/5 visual acuity.
      I mistrust commercial pressures.

PMID- 6582673
TI  - Why I have reservations about intraocular lens implants.

PMID- 6582674
TI  - Glioma of the optic chiasm and its management.
AB  - The clinical features, radiological investigation and pathology of 9 cases of
      glioma of the optic chiasm are described and the place of radiotherapy in their
      management considered.

PMID- 6582675
TI  - Optic chiasmal radionecrosis.
AB  - Four patients (3 acromegalics, 1 chromophobe adenoma) out of a total of 87
      patients with pituitary tumors treated with irradiation are presumed to have
      developed optic chiasmal radionecrosis. It would appear very difficult, if not
      impossible, to predict those patients at greatest risk of this complication due
      to individual variations in sensitivity to radiation.

PMID- 6582676
TI  - Recovery of vision following treatment of pituitary tumours: application of a new
      system of visual assessment.
AB  - The lack of a standard, quantitative method of assessing the degree of visual
      deficit hinders comparison of the results of the different methods available for
      treating visual failure due to pituitary tumour. This report describes a simple,
      semi-quantitative and precise approach and illustrates its use in 34 patients
      treated by transsphenoidal hypophysectomy and radiotherapy. Visual improvement
      occurred in 85 per cent of cases and no patient sustained deterioration of
      vision. The degree of pre-operative visual loss was scored at a mean of 51.4 per
      cent which reduced to a mean of 27.4 per cent at a minimum of twelve months'
      follow up. The factor that had the greatest influence on visual recovery was the
      degree of visual loss on presentation. It is therefore essential to be able to
      compare this variable before attempting to assess if outcome is different in a
      series treated by alternative methods.

PMID- 6582677
TI  - Optic nerve changes in hydrocephalus.
AB  - Although there is little evidence in the literature, it is widely believed that
      congenital hydrocephalus is only very rarely associated with papilloedema. This
      study, conducted on 200 consecutive cases (including 35 of secondary
      hydrocephalus), is probably the first report in the literature of optic nerve
      changes in a large series, and papilloedema in congenital hydrocephalus does not
      seem to be so uncommon after all. The importance of its early diagnosis, almost
      entirely dependent in children on objective features, cannot be over-emphasized
      in the management of hydrocephalus. Analysis of a few ophthalmoscopic signs in
      these eyes with papilloedema showed that presence or absence of the spontaneous
      or induced venous pulsations per se does not decide the diagnosis. The presence
      of venous engorgement seems to be a more definite and reliable indicator of early
      papilloedema.

PMID- 6582678
TI  - Therapeutic activity of 4-demethoxydauno-rubicin (idarubicin) in adult acute
      leukemia.
AB  - Twenty-six patients affected by acute leukemia were treated with 4
      demethoxydaunorubicin (idarubicin), a new anthracycline compound which in
      experimental leukemias showed an antitumoral activity superior to daunorubicin
      (DNR) and doxorubicin (DX), with a higher ratio of active to cardiotoxic doses. A
      group of 16 patients in relapse received idarubicin at a dosage of 5-6 mg/m2/day
      for 3 consecutive days; a second group of 6 relapsing and 4 previously untreated
      cases was treated with a sequential combination of idarubicin and arabinosyl
      cytosine. In all patients, a significant fall of bone marrow and peripheral blast
      cells was obtained. These preliminary results suggest that idarubicin has a
      therapeutic activity against human acute leukemias usually responsive to DNR or
      DX. The duration of myelosuppression varied from 7 to 50 days, leading in some
      cases to a high risk of infections. As regards other toxic effects
      (gastrointestinal, hepatic and acute cardiac toxicity, alopecia), idarubicin
      appears to be, in our experience, a well-tolerated drug; however, it is too early
      to comment on delayed cardiac effects.

PMID- 6582679
TI  - Characterization and treatment of the non-lymphoblastic crisis of chronic
      myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Fifty-six consecutive patients affected by the non-lymphoblastic-like crisis of
      chronic myelogenous leukemia were the subjects of this study. The cytologic and
      cytochemical features, together with the extension of clinical involvement, were
      investigated in all the patients. The most frequent cytologic variant was the
      "myeloid" one (60% of the patients). All the patients received a standard
      treatment (hydroxyurea, 6-mercaptopurine +/- prednisone). The overall median
      survival was 5.1 months; however, 22% of the patients survived for one year or
      more. The length of survival was independent of the cytologic variety and
      clinical conditions (previous splenectomy, organomegalies, etc.). There was no
      correlation between drug dosage and length of survival, whereas the disappearance
      of blast cells from the peripheral blood appeared to be directly correlated with
      a longer survival. The treatment was well tolerated (slight hematologic and
      hepatic toxicity) and allowed a reasonably good quality of life: most of the
      patients were treated on an out-patient basis.

PMID- 6582680
TI  - [Generalized vessel contraction following intra-amnion administration of
      prostaglandin F2alpha].

PMID- 6582681
TI  - [Osteosarcoma of the breast].

PMID- 6582682
TI  - [Clinical aspects and therapy of anaphrodisia in cows].
AB  - Clinical investigations were carried out of a total of 1675 cows to elucidate the
      reason for anaphrodisia. The functional activity of the ovaries was determined by
      the use of cytovaginal smears stained after Chamov. Animals with anaphrodisia on
      the base of ovarian hypofunction were treated with hormonal preparations of
      gonadotropic action, while those with persisting periodic corpora lutea--with
      prostanglandin or the yellow bodies were manually removed. it was found that
      anaphrodisia in cows was more largely due to ovarian hypofunction (78.5 per
      cent), and to a lower extent--to persisting yellow bodies (21.5 per cent). In the
      case of ovarian hypofunction very good results were obtained with the use of
      gravohormone and prolan, and in the case of persisting corpora lutea--with the
      use of prostaglandine F2 alpha. The manual removal was associated with low
      conception rate and higher index of insemination. The cytovaginal smears could be
      used as an adjunct for the indirect determination of the functional activity of
      the ovaries.

PMID- 6582683
TI  - [Use of prolonged intravenous infusions of cisplatin in patients with malignant
      neoplasms].
AB  - 11 patients with generalized forms of cancer received 14 courses of 120-hr non
      stop intravenous infusions of 20-30 mg/m2/24 hrs of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum
      supplied by portable pumps (total dose--80-150 mg/m2). Apparent nausea and
      vomiting were observed only in 4 out of 14 treatment courses 28%. There was no
      nephrotoxic effect. Therapeutic effect was established in 6 cases of testicular
      teratocarcinoma. Complete response was obtained in 1 case and partial remission-
      in 1 case. The rate of 25 mg/m2/24 hrs (for 120 hrs) should be used in further
      studies of the effectiveness of intravenous infusions of cis
      diamminedichloroplatinum.

PMID- 6582684
TI  - [From the psychoreactive crisis to pre-suicidal development, to the problem of
      judging the risk for suicide].
AB  - Psychoreactive crises can lead to a presuicidal evolution under certain
      conditions. This is dependent on the susceptibility for crises of the individual
      but also on the cause of the crises. Certain groups of people are specially at
      risk for suicide. We also know certain events that very frequently lead to
      serious crises. The individual crisis susceptibility is very much determined by
      the previous history of the involved person. The course of the crisis is very
      much determined by the reaction of the environment. The evolutions of suicide
      show corresponding courses. These are presented in detail. Furthermore the
      question of judging suicidality and the risk for suicide are presented in detail.

PMID- 6582685
TI  - [Organization of outpatient crisis intervention ].
AB  - The organization of outpatient crisis intervention is organized differently in
      various countries. Important is the speedy accessibility, the multidisciplinary
      cooperation for coverage of the total social environment and teams as mobile as
      possible. The team-members have to be specially trained and knowledgeable about
      the course of the crisis. All possibilities of psycho-social treatment have to be
      made use of. Besides the professional help, laywork and self-help groups should
      be available. The Crisis-Intervention Center in Linz and its work are presented
      in detail.

PMID- 6582686
TI  - [Phenomenology and causative constellations of psychoactively triggered crises
      and their therapy].
AB  - The question, whether the term neuroses and the term psychoreactive crisis are
      quantitatively or qualitatively different is not yet unanimously agreed upon.
      Phenomenologically identical disturbances are presented. Some differences in the
      course of development are presented. Furthermore the concept of "crisis" is
      depicted . Definitions, course, social situation and the technique of crisis
      intervention are covered briefly. Great importance have special short-term
      psychotherapy techniques and also the organization of self-help groups and the
      mobilization of the natural network which all are for an optimal management of
      the crisis.

PMID- 6582687
TI  - [Social environment of the psychic crisis situation].
AB  - The social environment in a psychic crisis situation is of great importance for
      the mode of action chosen to cope with the crises. Using suicide and the
      different characteristics of persons, who successfully attempted or completed
      suicide, as an example, different strategies are presented. Three questions of
      special importance are mentioned: 1. the question, as to what triggered the
      crisis; 2. the question of the social network and the quality of relationship and
      3. the question, when the affected person and his social network were confronted
      with the problems.

PMID- 6582688
TI  - [Current stage of leukemia treatment in children].

PMID- 6582689
TI  - Improved treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in a community hospital--The
      Marshfield Clinic/St Joseph's Hospital; experience 1974-1981.

PMID- 6582690
TI  - Case report of use of a vacuum formed splint during replantation of avulsed
      canine.

PMID- 6582691
TI  - Glossodynia: diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 6582692
TI  - NMRDC: headquarters for research and development.

PMID- 6582693
TI  - [Acute myelogenous leukemias].

PMID- 6582694
TI  - [Clinical course of acute leukemia].

PMID- 6582695
TI  - [Cytoskeletal structures in acute lymphoblastic and chronic lymphatic leukemia].

PMID- 6582696
TI  - [The presence and role of lysosomes in the dental pulp].

PMID- 6582697
TI  - [Stimulation of anesthetic release from hydrogels].

PMID- 6582698
TI  - [Testing of dental materials using the acoustic emission method].

PMID- 6582699
TI  - [Treatment of mandibular angle fractures with an angular compression plate].

PMID- 6582701
TI  - [Efficacy of modern oral irrigation devices].

PMID- 6582700
TI  - [A dental-philatelic exhibit].

PMID- 6582702
TI  - [Amine fluoride as an alternative to systemic fluoride use].

PMID- 6582703
TI  - [Hand cleaning and hand care in dentistry].

PMID- 6582704
TI  - [Prevention programs for dental practice].

PMID- 6582705
TI  - [Special periodontal prevention].

PMID- 6582706
TI  - [Role of after care in removable partial and complete dentures].

PMID- 6582707
TI  - [Trepanation - a special drill].

PMID- 6582708
TI  - [Theories of focal infection: criteria and standard design].

PMID- 6582709
TI  - [Combined use of local anesthetics and analgesics].

PMID- 6582710
TI  - [The office computer is no "golden donkey"].

PMID- 6582711
TI  - [Unbiased opinions of implantology].

PMID- 6582712
TI  - [The Flying Doctor Service in the western Australian bush].

PMID- 6582713
TI  - [The false canal problem].

PMID- 6582714
TI  - [Polyostotic form of fibrous dysplasia with maxillofacial implications].

PMID- 6582715
TI  - [Objective representation of oral hygiene status and occlusal findings].

PMID- 6582717
TI  - [Long-term orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6582716
TI  - [Durability of telescopic crowns of various alloys in a time test].

PMID- 6582718
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of central bone tumors in the jaw].

PMID- 6582719
TI  - [Mandibular position and masticatory muscle function].

PMID- 6582720
TI  - [Mathematical methods for the comparative evaluation of controlled cut tooth
      stumps].

PMID- 6582721
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of tumors and inflammation in the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6582722
TI  - [Need for caries preventive measures in children with clefts].

PMID- 6582723
TI  - [General anesthesia in dental and gnathologic surgery].

PMID- 6582724
TI  - [Transdental fixation - progress report].

PMID- 6582725
TI  - [Office hygiene - yesterday, today, tomorrow].

PMID- 6582726
TI  - [Diflunisal in dental surgery].

PMID- 6582727
TI  - [Equilibration using bite registration].

PMID- 6582728
TI  - [Local anesthesia and Para group allergy].

PMID- 6582729
TI  - [Primary closure of cleft lip and cleft palate].

PMID- 6582730
TI  - [TCP-system of dental re-integration].

PMID- 6582731
TI  - [Color matching of anterior composite restorations].

PMID- 6582732
TI  - [Precision of oral cytodiagnosis].

PMID- 6582733
TI  - [Responsibility of the dentist in oral implantology].

PMID- 6582734
TI  - [Caries on the labial surface - a criterion for an occupational disease of
      bakers?].

PMID- 6582735
TI  - [Automatic blood pressure determination in dental treatment].

PMID- 6582736
TI  - Cytologic evidence of extensive keratotic reaction in women exposed to
      diethylstilbestrol in utero.
AB  - Squamous mucous membranes and squamous metaplastic epithelium sometimes undergo
      hypermaturation with the production of a keratin layer. Anucleated keratotic
      squamous plaques in smears are generally recognized as cytologic evidence of this
      altered maturation. This keratotic reaction was quantified in cytologic smears
      from 191 women exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol (DES). Keratotic reaction
      was observed in the vaginal smear in 40% of the cases, in the cervical smear in
      26% and in the endocervical smear in 19%; overall, a keratotic reaction was
      observed in at least one specimen from 48% of the women. These frequencies are
      higher than those reported in other studies. The observed frequency was age
      related. The significance of the hyperkeratosis, including its possible
      relationship to a lower dysplasia rate among DES-exposed women, is unclear. No
      conclusions can be drawn until more is known about behavioral factors in DES
      exposed women.

PMID- 6582737
TI  - The diagnostic challenge of tumors manifested initially by the shedding of cells
      into cerebrospinal fluid.
AB  - Patients in whom the first indication of a neoplasm is the shedding of its cells
      into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) present a challenging problem in differential
      diagnosis. The purposes of this study were to review the frequency and
      differential cytopathologic diagnosis of this event and to compare the
      distribution of neoplasms in these presentations with the overall distribution of
      CSF malignancy. From 1971 to 1980, 12,026 CSF specimens were examined at Duke
      University Medical Center, and malignant cells were seen in 318 specimens from
      232 patients. No follow-up was available for seven patients, and review of
      hospital records disclosed five cases of false-positive diagnoses. In 25 of the
      remaining 220 patients, cytologic examination of CSF provided the first
      documentation of a neoplasm. The distribution of the 25 initial CSF presentations
      was as follows: 2 of 108 leukemia/lymphoma patients, 8 of 44 lung carcinoma
      patients, 1 of 12 melanoma patients, 0 of 18 breast carcinoma patients, 0 of 14
      patients with miscellaneous primaries, 2 of 3 patients with adenocarcinoma of the
      stomach, 5 of 7 patients with unknown primary tumors and 7 of 14 patients with
      primary brain tumors.

PMID- 6582738
TI  - Malignancy-associated serosanguinous pleural effusions.
AB  - Cytologic preparations of 786 pleural effusions from 495 patients were reviewed,
      including 312 specimens from 172 cancer patients. Approximately 50% of the
      paraneoplastic effusions were sanguinous. Thoracic cancer was histologically
      confirmed in 145 patients, 64% of whom had cytologically positive pleural
      effusions; 71% of these specimens were also macroscopically bloody. Regardless of
      any histologic evidence of neoplastic invasion of the pleura, the presence of
      blood in the majority of the effusions was related most often to acute
      inflammatory reactions with vascular dilatation and proliferation within serosal
      tissues or the underlying pulmonary parenchyma.

PMID- 6582739
TI  - Curschmann's spirals in cervicovaginal smears. Prevalence, morphology,
      significance and origin.
AB  - A retrospective examination of 172,119 cervical and vaginal smears was undertaken
      to study the prevalence, morphology, significance and origin of Curschmann's
      spirals in such specimens. Spirals morphologically identical to those seen in
      sputum were found in 101 specimens from 100 patients, for a prevalence of 1 in
      1,704 smears. Spirals were found only in patients who had not had their cervices
      removed. The presence of the spirals could not be correlated with any particular
      gynecologic or nongynecologic abnormality. Most of the patients had no
      gynecologic abnormality. The literature contains suggestions that Curschmann's
      spirals in cervicovaginal smears are a manifestation of orogenital sexual contact
      or are formed in endocervical mucus, particularly in cigarette smokers. To
      investigate whether such spirals have an extraneous origin, we examined the
      smears for dust-containing histiocytes, vegetable cells, skeletal muscle fibers
      and other extraneous material, none of which was found. We found no correlation
      between the presence of spirals and cigarette smoking. Moreover, histologic
      sections of the uterine cervices from some of the patients who had spirals in
      their smears showed evidence of spiral formation in endocervical mucus. We
      conclude that Curschmann's spirals in cervicovaginal smears are an uncommon
      finding with no clinical significance, that they are formed from endocervical
      mucus and that their presence has nothing to do with orogenital sexual contact or
      cigarette smoking.

PMID- 6582740
TI  - Mycosis fungoides with pulmonary involvement. Cytopathologic findings.
AB  - In order to define the cytologic features of pulmonary involvement by mycosis
      fungoides, 15 respiratory cytology specimens from four patients with biopsy
      proven pulmonary mycosis fungoides were reviewed. The presence in sputum smears
      of occasional small or large cerebriform mononucleated cells against a background
      of numerous atypical lymphocytic cells permitted an antemortem cytologic
      diagnosis of probable or definite dissemination of mycosis fungoides with
      pulmonary involvement. Similar cells were seen in aspiration smears. The
      lymphocytic infiltrates were similar to those in corresponding skin biopsies in
      each case. The distinctive cytologic findings in these cases may therefore help
      to determine the underlying etiology of pulmonary lesions and may contribute to
      the antemortem diagnosis of visceral dissemination of mycosis fungoides.

PMID- 6582741
TI  - Fine needle aspiration diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia (phytopneumonitis).
AB  - Aspiration pneumonia is defined as pulmonary infiltration caused by inhaled
      material, either solid or liquid, that is inherently toxic or that initiates a
      toxic response. We present the case of a solitary lung mass of unknown etiology
      in which cytology of a fine needle aspiration provided a definitive diagnosis of
      this disorder.

PMID- 6582742
TI  - Fine needle aspiration cytology of extraskeletal chondrosarcoma.
AB  - The cytologic presentation of a case of extraskeletal chondrosarcoma diagnosed by
      fine needle aspiration in a 57-year-old asymptomatic female is described. A mass
      detected on routine chest X ray and defined by CAT scan was subjected to a
      preoperative percutaneous fine needle aspiration under fluoroscopic guidance; a
      core biopsy was also obtained. Cytologic findings included pleomorphic malignant
      cells, with occasional spindle-shaped forms and binucleated and multinucleated
      cells having various degrees of nuclear atypia. The sarcomatous nature of this
      neoplasm was readily recognized in the cytologic material, although histologic
      and ultrastructural studies, which are also illustrated, were necessary to
      establish its specific histologic type. The biopsy was interpreted as a probable
      chondrosarcoma, and an exploratory laparotomy revealed a soft tissue tumor
      arising in the retroperitoneum. A diagnosis of soft tissue chondrosarcoma was
      rendered. In retrospect, the distinctive cytologic findings in the aspirated
      material suggest that extraskeletal chondrosarcoma should be considered in the
      differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumors.

PMID- 6582743
TI  - Nippling of endocervical cell nuclei.

PMID- 6582744
TI  - Chlamydia, repair and intraepithelial neoplasia.

PMID- 6582745
TI  - Further comments on bronchoalveolar lavage.

PMID- 6582747
TI  - Cytologic detection of tuberculosis of the urinary bladder.

PMID- 6582746
TI  - Use of the esophageal balloon in the diagnosis of carcinomas of the head, neck
      and upper gastrointestinal tract.
AB  - A study was undertaken to demonstrate the safety, efficacy and value of
      esophageal balloon cytology in the diagnosis of esophageal lesions and as a tool
      in screening a high-risk patient population. The sampling was performed 110 times
      on 96 patients, 11 with known obstructive carcinoma of the esophagus and 85
      thought to be at risk for esophageal cancer: 74 with treated or untreated cancer
      of the head and neck area and 11 with dysphagia or other findings requiring
      clarification. The method was well tolerated by the patients, and the cytologic
      smears were of excellent quality. Malignant or suspicious cells were found in
      smears from 7 to 11 patients with documented esophageal cancer and in 7 of 85
      patients believed to be at risk. In the latter group there were three unsuspected
      recurrent cancers of the oropharyngeal region and one unsuspected carcinoma in
      situ of the esophagus. There were no false-suspicious or false-positive results.
      This noninvasive technique of esophageal cytology obviously deserves additional
      trials as an adjunct in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the head and neck and upper
      gastrointestinal tract, especially in high-risk patients.

PMID- 6582748
TI  - Problems in the interpretation of bone tumors with fine needle aspiration.

PMID- 6582749
TI  - Egg of Ascaris lumbricoides in cervicovaginal smear.

PMID- 6582750
TI  - [Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia with simultaneous erythroblastic and
      monoblastic transformation].

PMID- 6582751
TI  - [Clinical studies of BH-AC-DMP in adult acute nonlymphocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6582752
TI  - [Immunotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia with Nocardia rubra cell-wall
      skeleton. A randomized controlled study].

PMID- 6582753
TI  - A kinematical analysis of the tarsal joints. An X-ray photogrammetric study.

PMID- 6582754
TI  - Functional treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip.
AB  - A prerequisite for the development of congenital dislocation of the hip is
      ligamentous laxity of the hip-joint, which is demonstrable shortly after birth
      when the hip can be easily dislocated and reduced. This situation is described as
      dislocatable hip. Ligamentous laxity naturally tends to disappear, and 90% of all
      dislocatable hips in fact stabilize spontaneously. No dislocation develops unless
      an exogenous factor is involved. In infants born in breech presentation the
      hyperextension of the knees with the resulting increased tension in the
      hamstrings plays a role. During or shortly after birth, the deflexion of the hip
      joint causes an increased tension in the relatively shortened iliopsoas muscle,
      as a result of which the hip can be dislocated in postero-superior direction. By
      the time the infant is two months old secondary changes (more specifically
      restricted abduction) become more pronounced. It may therefore be stated that
      contracture of the iliopsoas muscle is one of the causes, and restricted
      abduction a consequence of congenital dislocation of the hip. The degree of
      dislocation is determined by a balance between the degree of ligamentous laxity
      and the influence of exogenous factors. When the infant starts to stand and walk,
      its body weight also begins to function as a deforming exogenous factor. When
      dislocatable hips are not treated immediately after birth, the frequency of
      congenital dislocation of the hip at the age of three months amounts to 1-2 per
      1000 neonates. The male:female ratio is 1:4. The secondary changes in the osseous
      structures of the hip-joint should always be studied three-dimensionally. Apart
      from conventional antero-posterior pelvic roentgenograms, CT-scans can enhance
      spatial insight. The secondary changes manifest themselves in an enlarged neck
      shaft angle, increased femoral anteversion, an increased inclination of the
      acetabulum and possibly also in diminished acetabular anteversion. In view of the
      high radiation load involved, examination by CT-scan is not yet a routine
      procedure in congenital hip dislocation. Radiological examination is usually
      confined to an antero-posterior pelvic roentgenogram on which the acetabular
      angle, the neck-shaft angle and the CE-angle can be measured. These are all
      values projected in a frontal plane. To determine the real values the degree of
      acetabular and femoral torsion has to be known. With the aid of the CT-scan the
      torsion of the acetabulum and of the femoral neck as well as their summation -
      the instability index - can be measured without difficulty.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      400 WORDS)

PMID- 6582755
TI  - Evaluation of tonsillectomy as a treatment for pustulosis palmaris et plantaris.
AB  - One hundred and twenty-four cases of pustulosis palmaris et plantaris (PPP) were
      studied by questionnaire survey to evaluate the effectiveness of tonsillectomy as
      treatment. We found that tonsillectomy as a method of treatment for PPP showed a
      significantly high rate of cure, against which other methods of treatment, e.g.
      corticosteroid therapy, PUVA therapy and so on, were compared. The examination,
      by means of Kaplan-Meier's method, showed a 59.2% cure rate for patients one year
      after tonsillectomy and 71.8% 2 years after the operation. When patients are
      older than 60 years, the prognosis is good, regardless of the method of
      treatment.

PMID- 6582756
TI  - Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris due to tonsillar focal infections. From the
      analysis of long-term observed cases.
AB  - We studied the effects of tonsillectomy in patients with pustulosis palmaris et
      plantaris (PPP) and suspected of having focal tonsillar infections which could
      still be observed more than one year after tonsillectomy. The rate of healing
      with tonsillectomy, including 6 cases with remarkable effect, was 76%. The
      clinical findings from which we expect an effect of tonsillectomy are (a) late
      onset PPP and early tonsillectomy, (b) tonsils with grade I hypertrophy, oozing
      of pus, and localized dark-redness on the anterior palatine arches, (c)
      anamnestic tonsillitis, and (d) positive results both at tonsillar provocation
      and negation tests. From the analyses of pre- and postoperative clinical
      examinations we found that the preoperative values of serum complement (C3), and
      neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils in peripheral blood were significantly
      depressed in the effectively treated group, compared with the 'ineffective' group
      or the control group.

PMID- 6582757
TI  - Conceptual understanding of pustulosis palmaris et plantaris as an immune complex
      disease due to focal tonsillar infections.
AB  - The relationship between pustulosis palmaris et plantaris (PPP) and immune
      complexes was studied in 17 patients who underwent tonsillectomy. By means of the
      Clq-binding test, immune complexes were detected in a considerable number of sera
      from these patients. Patients with a high serum level of immune complexes which
      decreased following tonsillectomy were found to benefit by a remarkable
      improvement in their skin lesions. There was a close association between the
      degree of improvement in skin lesions following tonsillectomy, and the changes in
      circulating immune complex levels after tonsillectomy. Immunofluorescence showed
      that all 6 patients with PPP tested had deposits of IgG, IgM, IgA or C3 in their
      skin lesions. These results suggest that PPP may be an immune complex disease,
      and that it may be closely associated with the tonsil as a focus for the release
      of antigens or immune complexes.

PMID- 6582758
TI  - Tonsil and pustulosis palmaris et plantaris. Mainly in respect of complement.
AB  - Since the tonsil is one of the immunological organs, a concept whereby the
      relation between the tonsil and pustulosis palmaris et plantaris (hereafter
      abbreviated PPP) can be explained by a specific immunological mechanism, has been
      favoured. It must be pointed out, however, that there have been a considerable
      number of clinical findings which are irreconcilable with this concept. The
      present authors have therefore observed the relationship between the tonsil and
      PPP, from the point of view of non-specific in vivo factors, such as complements
      and endotoxins. This theory of the authors was motivated by the clinical fact
      that the serum complement titres of some patients with PPP were changed by
      performing the tonsillar provocation test, and that in such cases their skin
      rashes were aggravated after provocation. Thereafter, the distribution of the
      complemental components in the tonsillar tissue was examined with the
      immunofluorescence technique and it was found that they were localized mainly in
      the epithelium of the tonsillar crypt. In other words, the region where the
      complement system in the tonsillar tissue is active is the crypt. It was further
      found that the lacunar debris in the tonsillar crypt possesses a strong
      complement-activating activity. In particular, it was discovered that the action
      is stronger in bacteria and endotoxins within the lacunar debris. In recent
      years, the activation of complements associated with the surface layer of the
      skin has been emphatically considered to be the mechanism causing the onset of
      aseptic pustules in patients with PPP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6582759
TI  - Studies on experimental exanthema in rabbits by means of recurrent systemic
      sensitization.
AB  - To explore the relationship between the tonsils and pustulosis palmaris et
      plantaris, the author performed several experiments. Since, in the pustulosis
      palmaris et plantaris abscess, many pleomorphic leukocytes are seen
      histologically, in order to provoke this condition, sensitized lymphocytes
      isolated from sensitized rabbits were transferred intravenously. To localize the
      site of immunological reaction on the skin, extracts were used from cutaneous
      abscesses elicited by intracutaneous injection of BCE, CA, and PPD, emulsified
      with FCA. The results were as follows: (1) exanthema was demonstrated in 4 out of
      28 rabbits; (2) the antigens that caused exanthema were BCE and CA; (3) the sites
      on which exanthema appeared were the footpads of both fore- and hindlimbs, in one
      rabbit only, and in the others, the footpads of hindlimbs; (4) as the predominant
      cause of the exanthema, the relationship between immune complex and sensitized
      lymphocytes was suspected.

PMID- 6582760
TI  - The tonsils and pustulosis palmaris et plantaris as viewed against the genetic
      background.
AB  - In spite of considerable research so far made on the etiology of pustulosis
      palmaris et plantaris (PPP), several points remain obscure. However, since
      tonsillectomy has been found to improve the symptoms and cure the disease, some
      researchers have suspected PPP to be a tonsillar focal infection. Another well
      known fact is that Streptococci too are associated with tonsillar focal
      infection, and that even in patients with PPP, high antibody titres against
      Streptococci have been observed. The authors have obtained results suggesting the
      existence of a genetic origin in patients with chronic tonsillitis in terms of
      the production of antibody against Streptococci. Proceeding from these results,
      we have tried HL-A typing by the microcytotoxicity (NIH) method, using HL-AA and
      HL-AB for determination. HL-A typing was performed on 43 PPP patients, but no
      results were obtained which would indicate a close correlation between PPP and HL
      A antigens.

PMID- 6582761
TI  - Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris. A review of clinical features and aggravating
      factors.
AB  - A review of the clinical and histological features of pustulosis palmaris et
      plantaris (PPP) was undertaken. The morphologic development of PPP is biphasic:
      the first phase consists of an eczematous reaction, and the second phase is the
      pustulation of eczematous vesicles. PPP may be aggravated by infections or non
      infectious inflammatory processes elsewhere in the body. An abnormal glucose
      tolerance test was found in 55 (66.3%) of 83 patients with PPP. The deranged
      carbohydrate metabolism may be partly responsible for the increased
      susceptibility to focal infections in patients with PPP.

PMID- 6582762
TI  - Multinucleated giant cells in the palatine tonsil of three patients with
      pustulosis palmaris et plantaris.
AB  - In a histopathological analysis of the palatine tonsils resected in 70 patients
      (28 adults and 42 children) with persistent angina, several Langhans'-type giant
      cells without epithelioid granuloma were detected in the serial specimens of all
      tonsils from 3 adult patients with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris. By contrast,
      in the tonsils of the other 67 patients, without pustulosis palmaris et
      plantaris, only a few atypical multinucleated giant cells including those of
      foreign body type were found, in the serial specimen of 4 cases. On the basis of
      these results, the appearance of Langhans'-type giant cells in the tonsil should
      be noted in persistent angina with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris.

PMID- 6582763
TI  - Cochlear morphology in relation to loss of behavioural, electrophysiological, and
      middle ear reflex thresholds after exposure to noise.
AB  - Loss of auditory function was correlated with different pathological findings in
      the inner ear of the rabbit after 15 or 30 min exposure to high level broad band
      (2-7 kHz) noise. The ears from animals with post-exposure times ranging from 1 to
      23 months were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Complete
      cochleograms with quantification of loss of hair cells and damage to stereocilia
      were produced. Loss of function was defined by determining behavioural threshold,
      threshold of auditory brainstem response (ABR) to narrow-band stimuli and
      threshold of the middle ear muscle reflex (MER). A small scattered loss of OHCs
      and slight disarray of stereocilia were found in non-exposed ears of young
      animals, but fusion of IHC cilia was not observed. Normal auditory function was
      not found in any noise exposed animal with abnormal morphology. A loss of
      threshold sensitivity of up to about 30-40 dB was noted without loss of hair
      cells in the corresponding region of the cochlea. The mildest structural damage
      that correlated to a functional alteration consisted of damage to stereocilia of
      IHC. This correlated well to the MER threshold shift. In two animals a shift of
      MER threshold of about 20 dB was the only functional abnormality. In ears with
      more extensive IHC damage loss of OHCs was also found and these animals had
      primarily an increase in auditory threshold shift with only a small additional
      change in MER threshold. It is concluded that in the rabbit and with the methods
      used the IHC stereocilia are the structures most susceptible to damage by the
      noise used and that the degree of injury can be fairly well assessed by
      functional tests of a type that is used also routinely in the audiological
      clinic.

PMID- 6582764
TI  - The stride cycle of the cat: the modelling of locomotion by computerized analysis
      of automatic recordings.
AB  - The present study gives a general description of the locomotor patterns of the
      intact cat. Overground and treadmill locomotion were studied by means of
      automatic recordings of limb movements, ground reaction forces and
      electromyograms. The data processing and automatic recording techniques which
      were used are described; one recording technique is based on a television system,
      another on the Selspot I system. The data were processed and analysed
      interactively with a computer, which allows a statistical analysis of many
      strides in a fast and accurate way. The amplitudes and time course of movements
      in different joints and different limbs were studied at different velocities of
      locomotion and correlated to each other and to parameters such as the onset and
      termination of electromyographic activity in different muscles. No element of the
      stride cycle was found to be constant: The amplitudes of joint angles and limb
      excursions as well as the durations of the different phases of the stride cycle
      can be adapted to maintain an appropriate coordination between the limbs. The
      durations of all phases of the stride cycle decrease with increasing speed of
      locomotion. The durations of the support and extension phases change
      proportionally more than of the swing and flexion phases and they all appear to
      be linearly related to the stride cycle duration. The relations of the flexion
      duration with the stride cycle duration for the different joints are usually
      different from each other and after a disturbance of the movements of a forelimb
      the duration of knee and ankle flexion of the homolateral limb can increase and
      the first extension phase of knee and ankle decrease, whereas they usually
      increase or decrease together. This further supports the hypothesis that every
      joint is controlled by a flexion and extension unit pattern generator. The
      amplitude of the joint angle excursions during the different phases of the stride
      cycle are better controlled than the absolute joint angles at the onset and
      termination of these phases. The position of the toe at touch-down was studied at
      different velocities of locomotion and was found to remain comparatively
      constant. There is a correlation between hip, knee and ankle joint angles at
      touch-down, which was found to be of importance for the precise positioning of
      the foot.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6582765
TI  - A comparison of cerebral atrophy in CT scan findings among alcoholic groups.
AB  - Seventy-five alcoholic patients and 94 control subjects were examined by CT scans
      and measured by 11 measurement items on CT. The alcoholics were classified and
      compared. Enlargement of ventricles was recognized in the alcoholics. The degree
      of enlargement of ventricles was extremely striking in alcoholic dementia. The
      increasing tendencies toward cerebral atrophy in a given age stratum were almost
      parallel in the controls and the alcoholics, with a difference in the degree of
      atrophy. It was suggested that the enlargement of the ventricular system in the
      alcoholics might be induced in the initial stage of alcohol dependence, and that
      physiological atrophy due to aging might progress thereafter. The results of
      multivariate canonical analysis of these CT items suggested that the CT
      indicators effective for evaluating alcoholic cerebral atrophy were the
      transverse diameter of the third ventricle, Ventricle index and Evans' index.

PMID- 6582766
TI  - The ICD-10 and depression.

PMID- 6582767
TI  - The DSM-III classification of affective disorders.

PMID- 6582768
TI  - Assessment scales for depression: the next 20 years.

PMID- 6582769
TI  - The ICD--9 and the SADD--criteria for depression.

PMID- 6582770
TI  - The Newcastle rating scales.

PMID- 6582771
TI  - Depressive syndromes and scales in the AMDP-system.
AB  - The Association for Methodology and Documentation in Psychiatry was founded in
      1965 by a group of psychiatrists from Germany, Switzerland and Austria. It
      developed a uniform and comprehensive system for the documentation of
      psychopathological, somatic, and anamnestic findings, the AMP-System. In 1979 a
      revised system was introduced, the AMDP-System. In the AMP-System there are 5
      suggestions as to syndrome scale construction based on analyses of data of
      psychiatric clinics in Munich (2 samples), in Zurich (1 sample), and in Berlin (2
      samples). The corresponding syndromes of the different solutions are highly
      intercorrelated. In the AMDP-System final syndrome scales were constructed on the
      basis of combined samples of the psychiatric clinics of the universities in
      Munich and in Berlin. The AMDP syndrome scales show a high similarity with the
      AMP syndrome scales, whereby a good comparability is ensured between older
      studies using the AMP- and present studies using the AMDP-System. All syndrome
      scale solutions include, besides 6 or 7 other syndromes, like a paranoid
      hallucinatory and a manic syndrome, two syndromes especially pertinent to the
      assessment of depressive states: the depressive and the apathy syndromes. The
      syndromes are described and it is shown how they and other syndromes discriminate
      different depressive diseases (defined by ICD-diagnoses). There is a considerable
      overlap in psychology between the diagnostic groups - in spite of a remarkable
      good discrimination of these groups by psychopathological syndromes - therefore
      the patients were classified de novo by cluster analysis in more homogenous
      groups regarding psychopathology. The results are illustrated by some
      "depressive" clusters in comparison to depressive diagnostic groups.

PMID- 6582772
TI  - Multi-axial classification of depression: MULTI-CLAD-2 case record system.

PMID- 6582773
TI  - [A case of long-standing limitation in opening the mouth associated with
      collagenosis with muscular components].

PMID- 6582774
TI  - [Covering gingival recessions].

PMID- 6582775
TI  - [Frontal open bite: incidence, etiology and cephalometric characteristics; a
      literature review].

PMID- 6582776
TI  - Primary malignant hemangiopericytoma of the gingiva. Report of a case.

PMID- 6582777
TI  - [Problems in the treatment of frontal open bite].

PMID- 6582778
TI  - [Subacute cervical adenitis in children. Focus on adenitis due to atypical
      Mycobacteria].

PMID- 6582779
TI  - A heparin-like anticoagulant in an 8-month-old boy with acute monoblastic
      leukemia.
AB  - An 8-month-old male with acute monoblastic leukemia died during induction
      chemotherapy of severe bleeding refractory to repeated infusions of platelets and
      clotting factors. A heparin effect was suggested by prothrombin time (PT) of 26
      seconds, partial thromboplastin time (PTT) of 94 seconds, thrombin time 240
      seconds, and reptilase time 18.4 seconds, with a fibrinogen of 88 mg/dl. Both
      plasma mixed with the patient's urine and the patient's plasma had their thrombin
      times corrected toward normal by both PF4 and protamine. Synergism of the
      anticoagulant with antithrombin III was demonstrated not only by enhanced
      inhibition of thrombin but also by an increased rate of formation of thrombin-
      antithrombin III complexes in the presence of the anticoagulant, which was
      eliminated by preincubation with heparinase. Since the anticoagulant activity was
      not found in the blasts themselves, it is presumed that the anticoagulant is
      heparin/heparan liberated from the endothelial lining by products of the cell
      destruction secondary to chemotherapy.

PMID- 6582780
TI  - Juvenile features in adult-type chronic granulocytic leukemia.
AB  - Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) positive, or "adult-type," chronic granulocytic
      leukemia (CGL) differs in many clinical and laboratory aspects from PH1-negative,
      or "juvenile," CGL. Because of these differences, the disorders have been
      considered two distinct disease entities. We present a child with Ph1-positive
      CGL whose disease has several features more characteristic of the Ph1-negative
      syndrome. This case demonstrates that the chromosomal anomaly in CGL is not
      always predictive of phenotypic expression in this disease.

PMID- 6582781
TI  - Tumor lysis syndrome following VP-16-213 in chronic myeloid leukemia in blast
      crisis.
AB  - Several recent reports have emphasized the potentially serious and often fatal
      acute metabolic complications following cytotoxic chemotherapy in both solid
      tumors and leukemias. We present here a case of chronic myeloid leukemia in blast
      crisis who developed an acute tumor lysis syndrome following a single dose of VP
      16-213 (Etoposide).

PMID- 6582782
TI  - Segregation and linkage analyses of von Hippel Lindau disease among 220
      descendants from one kindred.
AB  - Von Hippel Lindau disease (vHL), an autosomal dominant precancerous condition,
      had segregated in a large kindred. Fourteen relatives were known to have been
      affected; record reviews disclosed features of vHL in 15 previously undiagnosed
      relatives; presymptomatic evaluations detected vHL in 13 additional members of
      this kindred. Altogether, among 220 descendants of an ancestral couple, 41 had
      vHL. We screened for HLA haplotypes and for polymorphic gene markers at 31 loci
      in 102 direct descendants and 16 spouses from this kindred, including 23 with
      vHL. Linkage analyses failed to reveal a significant lod score with any locus
      tested, or any HLA linkage disequilibrium. Expression of vHL among the affected
      relatives was compared with 384 other reported cases of vHL. The age of onset,
      tissue involvement, and life expectancy in this family were similar to the other
      reported cases. The sigmoid age-of-onset distribution for vHL most closely
      matched a square-foot transformation (mean = 26.2(-2) years; variance = 1.224).

PMID- 6582784
TI  - Bends in human mitotic metaphase chromosomes, including a bend marking the X
      inactivation center.
AB  - Bends in mitotic metaphase chromosomes are not distributed randomly throughout
      the karyotype. The frequency of bends at centromeres is positively correlated
      with the relative length of the chromosomes and negatively correlated with the
      centromere index (more bends in metacentrics, fewer in acrocentrics). The
      frequency of bends in the noncentromeric regions (except at Xq13-Xq21) is
      positively correlated with the relative length of chromosome arms. A bend at
      Xq13.3 to Xq21.1 was more frequent than a bend in any other region of the
      karyotype, centromeric or noncentromeric. It was observed in one member of the X
      chromosome pair in 63% of 46,XX cells. In contrast, it was observed in only 2% of
      46,XY cells. RBG-staining showed that this specific bend is confined to the
      lyonized X chromosome. These observations in cells from normal subjects were
      confirmed using G-banding and RBG-staining on cells from nine subjects with
      different X-chromosome abnormalities and on metaphases from amniotic fluid cell
      and lymphocyte cultures. The "center for Barr body condensation" has been
      localized to the region between Xq11.2 and Xq21.1. The functional and structural
      relationship is unclear, but we believe this highly specific bend may represent a
      visible manifestation of the condensation process; it could represent the first
      folded (and last unfolded) position, upon or around which the rest of the
      chromosome condenses. The late replication of this region may also be a factor.
      The smallest region of overlap (SRO) for the X-chromosome inactivation center and
      the specific chromosome bend is Xq13.3 to Xq21.1.

PMID- 6582783
TI  - The use of association data to identify family members at high risk for marker
      linked diseases.
AB  - The study of genetic markers linked and associated with disease has provided
      important evidence of a genetic contribution to numerous diseases and has helped
      to establish their modes of inheritance. However, this information has not been
      fully utilized in counseling individuals at risk for these disorders. In the case
      of recessive, marker-linked diseases, such as idiopathic hemochromatosis linked
      to HLA in family studies and associated with specific HLA alleles in population
      surveys, the only current clinical application has been to identify siblings who
      share both HLA-marker haplotypes with the affected proband. They are considered
      to be presymptomatically affected, and more definitive invasive investigations
      are considered appropriate. All other relatives, including parents, offspring,
      and other siblings, who share only one marker with the proband, have been
      counseled only that their risk is equivalent to the gene frequency of the disease
      allele, for example, 3%-6% for hemochromatosis. We have developed a generally
      applicable method to utilize population association data to derive more specific
      and accurate risk figures for these other relatives of patients with marker
      linked and associated diseases. We have applied this method to idiopathic
      hemochromatosis. If the offspring of a patient with hemochromatosis lacks A3, B7,
      and B14, the risk to that offspring for developing hemochromatosis is less than
      2%. On the other hand, if they receive HLA A3 from their unaffected parent, their
      risk climbs to 9%-10%; if they receive an A3-B14 haplotype, their risk increases
      to virtually 100%. As demonstrated by our example, the application of association
      data to family members already at a basal increased risk for marker-linked
      disease can significantly refine the disease risk estimates given to those
      relatives. This information can be utilized to select individuals in whom
      invasive diagnostic testing or preventative intervention is indicated.

PMID- 6582785
TI  - Accidental disconnections from breathing systems, what FDA found--and what you
      can do about it.

PMID- 6582786
TI  - Progesterone production by human fetal membranes: an in vitro incubation system
      for studying hormone production and metabolism.
AB  - We have established an in vitro tissue explant incubation system to study
      endocrine functions of human amnion, chorion, and decidua. By means of this
      technique, tissues remain histologically similar for at least 72 hours, actively
      use glucose for at least 48 hours, and demonstrate no evidence of release of
      lactate dehydrogenase into the medium by 24 hours. All three tissues produced
      progesterone, measured by specific radioimmunoassay, in a dose-dependent fashion
      from added pregnenolone. However, chorion was many times more active in this
      respect than were the other tissues. These results were corroborated by
      demonstrating conversion of 3H-pregnenolone to radiochemically pure 3H
      progesterone. This activity was inhibited by a 3 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase (3 beta HSD) enzyme inhibitor, trilostane. Histochemical staining
      identified the site of 3 beta HSD activity as being located predominantly in the
      trophoblast layer of the chorion. We conclude that: (1) this in vitro system is a
      simple and reliable method by means of which to study endocrine function of
      amnion, chorion, and decidua; and (2) human fetal membranes, particularly the
      trophoblast layer of the chorion, can produce progesterone, and hence may be an
      important regulator of local progesterone levels, which subsequently may affect
      myometrial contractility.

PMID- 6582788
TI  - Nude mice as models for human leukemia studies.
AB  - Human leukemic promyelocytes of the HL-60 line were grown as tumors in nude mice
      and studied. A single nonmetastatic granulocytic sarcoma developed after
      subcutaneous inoculation with HL-60 cells. Some exceeded 5 cm in size. Almost all
      mice developed tumors after initial priming with cyclophosphamide. Older sarcomas
      showed viable tumor islands in necrotic and fibrotic tissue. Some tumors appeared
      greenish. Histologic and electron-microscopic analysis demonstrated large,
      vaguely outlined cells in poorly vascularized sheets. The cells displayed high
      nucleocytoplasmic ratios, basophilic granular cytoplasms lacking Auer rods, and
      enzymes characteristic of cultured HL-60 promyelocytes. Some tumor cells also
      demonstrated monocyte/macrophage enzymes, such as butyrate esterase. Induced HL
      60 tumors also corresponded morphologically to a human subcutaneous promyelocytic
      tumor specimen. Comparative cytologic studies of induced HL-60 tumors in nude
      mice and cultured HL-60 cells revealed virtual identity, suggesting the nude
      mouse tumor as a useful model for in vivo studies of human leukemic cells.

PMID- 6582787
TI  - Macrophage function in the Schistosoma mansoni egg-induced pulmonary granuloma.
      Role of arachidonic acid metabolites in macrophage Ia antigen expression.
AB  - The ability of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites to regulate I-region-associated
      (Ia) antigen expression on macrophages from schistosome-egg-induced pulmonary
      granulomas was examined. The prostaglandin (PG) analog 15-S-15-CH3-PGE1 (M-PGE1)
      and PGF2 alpha were found to modulate the kinetics of Ia expression when
      administered in vivo. Methyl-PGE1 significantly suppressed Ia antigen expression
      by hypersensitivity granuloma macrophages, while PGF2 alpha appeared to
      potentiate the expression. Lymphokine-induced Ia antigen expression by cultured
      granuloma macrophages was likewise dramatically inhibited by M-PGE1. Further
      analysis using systemically administered inhibitors of AA metabolism demonstrated
      that the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin caused augmentation of Ia
      expression. In contrast, lipoxygenase inhibitors significantly reduced both Ia
      expression and granuloma size. The role of AA metabolites in modulating chronic
      inflammation is discussed.

PMID- 6582789
TI  - Intracortical osteosarcoma.
AB  - A case of osteosarcoma arising in the tibia of a 15-year-old boy is reported. Of
      particular interest was the benign roentgenographic appearance and the
      confinement of the tumor within the cortex of the bone, an extremely rare
      phenomenon consistent with origin within the primitive mesenchyme of the
      Haversian canals.

PMID- 6582790
TI  - [Age-related changes in the diameter of collagen fibrils of the rat gingiva].

PMID- 6582791
TI  - [Langerhans cells in the rat gingival epithelium-- an electron microscopic
      study].

PMID- 6582793
TI  - [An experimental study on root canal filling in deciduous teeth. I. Radiographic
      observations of root resorption in deciduous teeth after root canal filling in
      dogs].

PMID- 6582792
TI  - [The solubility of nickel and chromium in dental casting Ni-Cr alloys].

PMID- 6582794
TI  - [An experimental study on the root canal filling in deciduous teeth. II.
      Histopathological observations of root resorption in deciduous teeth after root
      canal filling in dogs].

PMID- 6582795
TI  - Possible hazard from the inserts of condenser humidifiers.

PMID- 6582796
TI  - [Immediate cardiac toxicity of rubidazone. A case reversible by isoproterenol].
AB  - It is reported the first observation of cardiogenic shock without delay, in a
      leukemic patient during a first injection of Rubidazone (22050 RP) which is
      recognized so far, as one of the least cardiotoxic anthracyclines. It has been
      concluded: --anthracyclines, beside the risk of a progressive cardiomyopathy
      which is related to the dose and very well known, can induce immediate cardiac
      injuries, which cannot be predicted yet; --the perfect myocardial protector is
      still to be discovered; --in this case, beta-adrenergic stimulators appeared to
      be able to control the cardiotoxic effect of Rubidazone; --the last fact could be
      considered in the decision to maintain the treatment when such an injury occurs
      during a chemotherapy or when it seems absolutely necessary to use such a drug.

PMID- 6582797
TI  - Adjuvant chemotherapy in bone tumours.

PMID- 6582798
TI  - [Treatment results in osteogenic sarcoma in children and adolescents with the use
      of karminomycin].
AB  - Carminomycin, a new antibiotic made in the USSR, was used in the treatment of 21
      patients aged 5 to 15 years with extended osteogenic sarcoma. As a result of the
      treatment the number of the patients with lifetime prolonged for 1-2 years
      increased from 7.6 to 46 per cent. It was shown that the drug might be used for
      the prophylaxis of the localized forms of the disease in children.

PMID- 6582799
TI  - Effects of an overfeeding regimen--the affective component of the sweet
      sensation.
AB  - In some isolated parts of North Africa, there persists an ancient Berber custom
      of imposing an overfeeding regimen on young girls before marriage, to achieve an
      obesity which is regarded as aesthetically pleasing. We have studied the effect
      of such a regimen, lasting 12--16 weeks, on blood lipids and on the affective
      reactions to sweet tastes in nine subjects. It is known that the pleasantness of
      alimentary cues i.e., the feeding behaviour, depends on the subject's nutritional
      state. Only three subjects gained weight (by 3,5 and 8 kg), in spite of the
      strong pressure to overeat. No change in plasma lipid concentrations were
      observed. Nevertheless, at the end of the regimen every subject showed a highly
      significant decrease in the rated pleasantness of sweet stimuli when they were
      tested fasting. However, the reduction in sweet pleasantness induced by ingestion
      of a 200 ml load of 1.4 M glucose solution was not changed by the overfeeding.
      Thus, pressure to overfeed can reduce hunger, as seen in the attractiveness of
      sweet foods in fasted subjects, without modifying glucose-induced satiety.

PMID- 6582800
TI  - Biotransformation of linoleic acid and bile acids by Eubacterium lentum.
AB  - Eubacterium lentum is a gram-positive, nonsporeforming, nonmotile, asaccharolytic
      anaerobe. In the present investigations, 3 E. lentum strains (group E) isolated
      from rat feces were compared with 30 E. lentum strains (groups A, B, C, and D)
      previously studied by Macdonald et al. (I. A. Macdonald, J. F. Jellet, D. E.
      Mahony, and L. V. Holdeman, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 37:992-1000, 1979). All
      strains alkalized (pH 8 to 8.5) arginine-containing (2 to 15 mg/ml) culture
      media, and growth of the majority of the strains was stimulated by arginine. All
      strains converted linoleic acid into transvaccenic acid by shifting the 12,13-cis
      double bond of linoleic acid into an 11,12-trans(?) double bond followed by
      biohydrogenation of the 9,10-cis double bond. Hence, biohydrogenation of linoleic
      acid is a new general characteristic of E. lentum. The 33 strains were also
      studied for bile acid deconjugase and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSDH)
      activities. The 6 strains in group D were steroid inactive; the 27 strains in
      groups A, B, C, and E were steroid active. The steroid-active group contained
      bile acid deconjugase-producing strains (groups C and E, plus strain 116 in group
      A) and nondeconjugating strains. All nondeconjugating strains of groups A and B
      developed 7 alpha- and 12 alpha-HSDH activities and contained 3 alpha-HSDH
      positive strains and 3 alpha-HSDH-negative strains. Deconjugating strains varied
      in HSDH activities.

PMID- 6582801
TI  - Cooperative effect of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and dexamethasone in
      inducing differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemia cells.
AB  - Murine myeloid leukemia cells (MI) are induced to differentiate into macrophages
      by the metabolically active form of vitamin D3,1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1
      alpha,25(OH)2D3] (E. Abe et al., (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 4990
      4994). At 0.12-120 nM, 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 suppressed cell growth in a dose
      dependent manner and markedly induced phagocytic activity, lysozyme activity, and
      C3-receptor formation. The potency of 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3, at 0.12-120 nM, in
      inducing differentiation was nearly equivalent to that of 10-10,000 nM of
      dexamethasone, one of the most potent stimulators of Ml cells. Simultaneous
      treatment with low physiological plasma concentrations of 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 (0.12
      nM) and dexamethasone (10 nM) induced differentiation of Ml cells equivalent to
      the responses obtained only by using much higher concentrations of the respective
      steroids when used separately. In addition, two variant clones of Ml cells
      resistant to either 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 or dexamethasone were isolated. One was
      resistant to 120 nM of 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 but sensitive to 10-1000 nM of
      dexamethasone. The other was resistant to 1000 nM of dexamethasone but sensitive
      to 12 nM of 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3. This suggests that the mechanism of action of 1
      alpha,25(OH)2D3 in inducing differentiation of Ml cells is different at least in
      part from that of dexamethasone, and that combination therapy by both steroids
      may be useful in reducing leukemogenicity of Ml cells in vivo.

PMID- 6582802
TI  - Species variation in kinetic properties of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
      carboxylase/oxygenase.
AB  - Several kinetic parameters of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP)
      carboxylase/oxygenase from different species were measured and compared. The
      CO2/O2 specificity (VcKo/VoKc) was found to be about 80 in the enzymes from
      several C3 species and two C4 species. Specificity values of 58 and 70,
      respectively, were found in enzymes from the C4 plants Setaria italica and
      Sorghum bicolor. Two enzymes from cyanobacteria had values of about 50.
      Substitution of Mn2+ for Mg2+ reduced the CO2/O2 specificity by a factor of about
      20 for all enzymes except that of Rhodospirillum rubrum, which was reduced by a
      factor of 10. Values for KMg2+(apparent) measured at 102 microM CO2 were found to
      vary by a factor of 8 between different RuBP carboxylase/oxygenase enzymes.
      Enzymes with high KMg2+(apparent) values generally had high Michaelis constants
      for CO2. The rate of CO2/Mg2+ activation was inhibited by RuBP in all enzymes,
      although the concentration of RuBP required to inhibit activation in the enzyme
      from the cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon flos-aquae was increased by an order of
      magnitude compared to other higher plant structural-type enzymes. The wide
      variation found in the kinetic properties of RuBP carboxylase/oxygenase isolated
      from diverse species appears to be determined in part by past evolutionary
      pressures and the present physicochemical environment in which the enzyme
      functions.

PMID- 6582803
TI  - Glucocorticoids inhibit the coordinated translation of alpha- and beta-globin
      mRNAs in Friend erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - The dimethylsulfoxide (Me2SO)-mediated induction of hemoglobin synthesis in
      Friend erythroleukemia cells is inhibited by the glucocorticoids hydrocortisone,
      dexamethasone, and fluocinolone acetonide; hydrocortisone, at concentrations of
      10(-5) to 10(-8) M inhibits by 90-30% and fluocinolone acetonide at
      concentrations of 10(-8) to 10(-11) M shows a greater than 90% inhibition. At
      these concentrations the hormones have no effect on cell growth or viability. In
      this study it has been shown that there is a group of proteins, including the
      alpha- and beta-globins, whose regulation is associated with the induction of
      Friend erythroleukemia cell differentiation, and that the expression of some of
      these, in addition to alpha- and beta-globin, is affected by glucocorticoids. The
      levels of alpha- and beta-globin mRNAs are very close to fully induced levels and
      preclude transcription as a major site for glucocorticoid control. In addition,
      it has been shown that glucocorticoids inhibit the translation of alpha- and beta
      globin mRNAs, that the level of this inhibition is concentration dependent, and
      that the translation of beta-globin mRNA is slightly more sensitive to inhibition
      than the translation of alpha-globin mRNA. It is concluded that, although the
      translation of alpha- and beta-globin mRNA is a major site of inhibition by
      glucocorticoids, there is a detectable amount of alpha- and beta-globin
      synthesized. Thus, part of this mechanism may involve a differential sensitivity
      of alpha- and beta-globin mRNA translation which results in unequal amounts of
      globin synthesis and an overall more potent inhibition of hemoglobin formation.

PMID- 6582804
TI  - [Interferons--its method of administration and adverse effect related to
      pharmacokinetics ].
AB  - The potential role of interferons in the treatment of malignant diseases is
      currently being evaluated. This paper reviews experimental and clinical findings
      regarding pharmacokinetics, method of administration, and side reactions of
      interferons. Interferon in the blood is rapidly cleared from the circulation.
      Intramuscular injection of alpha-interferon causes low but stable interferon
      levels in the blood. However, in the case of beta-interferon, interferon is never
      detected consistently in the blood after intramuscular or subcutaneous
      administration. The studies with animal models suggest that doses higher than
      those given in current clinical trials will be necessary to obtain clearly
      beneficial effects in human. The maximum safely tolerated daily dose is
      appreciably higher than that used in most previous studies, although even at this
      level, considerable toxicity may be encountered. Adequate method of
      administration, route, dose and interval are not yet established at all. Exact
      mechanism of anticancer activity is not yet well defined. The most frequent side
      reaction is fever. However, the exact mechanism to cause these side reactions is
      also not yet clarified. Dose limiting central nervous system toxicities,
      hypotension, hypocalcaemia etc. are occasionally encountered in some instances.
      Antibody to interferon is demonstrated in some cases. Purification of interferon
      does not always causes reduction of side reactions. The treatment of cancer cases
      with interferon has just started and there are many problems to be solved.
      However, therapeutic beneficial may be achieved in the treatment of malignant
      tumors by appropriate combinations of interferon with conventional treatment.
      More laboratory studies as well as carefully controlled clinical observations are
      warranted.

PMID- 6582805
TI  - [Evaluation of severe side effects of high-dose methotrexate in osteosarcoma].
AB  - Severe toxicity associated with high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) combined with
      citrovorum factor rescue (CR-Rescue) was evaluated in the 365 courses in 54
      patients with osteosarcoma. Anaphylactoid reaction developed in 8 patients
      (14.8%), 8 courses (2.2%). The mean age was 14 years old. The total dose given
      was 85770mg in mean and 1840 mg per body weight (kg). The occurrence was
      proportional to the dose and the number of the course. Plasma MTX concentration
      remained under 10(-7) mol/l during the episode. Delayed clearance of MTX from
      plasma was treated with massive CF-Rescue in 10 patients (19%) (the mean age of
      13.6), in 12 courses (3.3%), which was observed on an average at the 7th course
      when the total dose reached to 59530 mg, or 1390 mg per body weight (kg).
      Neurotoxicity was observed in only one patient (1.9%), one course (0.3%). Severe
      toxicity associated with HD-MTX therapy tended to occur according to dose
      escalation and the number of administration. To overcome severe toxicity careful
      observation of clinical symptoms and signs as well as adequate treatment of side
      effects without delay are of importance.

PMID- 6582807
TI  - Aggressive pulmonary resection for metastatic osteogenic and soft tissue
      sarcomas.
AB  - From July, 1974, to July, 1979, 36 patients with osteogenic sarcoma and 25
      patients with soft tissue sarcoma underwent a total of 95 thoracotomies for
      resection of isolated pulmonary metastases. In only 6 patients could all palpable
      disease not be resected, although it was certain that microscopic disease
      remained in some patients. Twenty-six patients underwent more than 1 thoracotomy.
      The pulmonary lesions were found not to be metastases in 4 patients with
      osteogenic sarcoma and 4 with soft tissue sarcoma. The four-year survival for
      patients with nonsynchronous metastases from osteogenic sarcoma was 44%, not
      significantly different from a survival of 35% for patients with soft tissue
      sarcoma. The 6 patients with synchronous osteogenic sarcoma metastases all died
      within 16 months. Survival following thoracotomy did not correlate statistically
      with time from primary tumor resection to lung recurrence, unilateral versus
      bilateral disease, or number of nodules. For the 33 patients in whom tumor
      doubling time could be calculated, survival with either type of sarcoma was
      significantly better in patients with a tumor doubling time greater than 40 days
      versus a tumor doubling time less than or equal to 40 days. Any patient with
      metastatic osteogenic sarcoma or soft tissue sarcoma confined to the lungs should
      be considered for resection in conjunction with chemotherapy.

PMID- 6582806
TI  - [Case of metastatic malignant melanoma responded to combination chemotherapy with
      DTIC].
AB  - A 60-year old woman with metastatic malignant melanoma who was well responded to
      a combination chemotherapy including DTIC was reported. She was noted a lentigo
      in the left first toe and histological examination revealed malignant melanoma in
      October 1978. Amputation of the left lower leg and dissection of the left
      inguinal lymph nodes had been done. OK-432 was injected as postoperative
      immunotherapy. She was readmitted to our hospital with the symptoms of pain and
      numbness of the left arm. Physical examination revealed a palpable mass in the
      left supraclavicular region. Incisional biopsy of the supraclavicular mass
      revealed metastatic malignant melanoma. She received a combination of 100mg DTIC
      i.v. for 5 days, 100 mg ACNU i.v. for one day and 1 mg VCR i.v. for one day (DAV
      chemotherapy) postoperatively. Subcutaneous injection of OK-432 with the dose of
      5 KE per week was continued. Major side effects of DAV chemotherapy were nausea
      and transient leukocytopenia. No serious side effects were observed. On
      completion of the first course of DAV chemotherapy, abnormal shadow of the left
      apex was completely disappeared and on completion of the third course of DAV
      chemotherapy, high density area was markedly decreased in the cervical CT. She
      gained symptomatic reliefs and was discharged in August 1983. The combination
      chemotherapy including DTIC appeared to be effective in the treatment of
      metastatic malignant melanoma.

PMID- 6582808
TI  - PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha excretion in Brattleboro rats with hereditary
      hypothalamic diabetes insipidus.
AB  - Brattleboro rats, a strain with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus, were
      found to excrete significantly higher amounts of both renal (PGE2) and vascular
      (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) prostaglandins than control Long-Evans rats. The increased
      prostaglandin synthesis was reversed by vasopressin treatment. These results
      suggest that in the intact organism prostaglandin synthesis in the kidneys and in
      the endothelial cells of blood vessels may be under tonic inhibitory control by
      vasopressin. The findings further support the view that prostaglandins play an
      important role in the regulation of water excretion and in the pathogenesis of
      polyuric conditions.

PMID- 6582810
TI  - Fluphenazine and multifocal tic disorders.
AB  - In a five-year study, 21 patients with multiple tic disorder intolerant of
      haloperidol therapy were treated with fluphenazine hydrochloride. Sixteen of
      these patients had fewer side effects with fluphenazine and had either equivalent
      (five patients) or better (11 patients) tic control. Fluphenazine can be an
      effective treatment for multiple tics in patients with dose-limiting side effects
      related to haloperidol.

PMID- 6582809
TI  - [Acute neurological deficit in treated malignant hemopathies].
AB  - Neurological complications are frequent in the course of malignant hematological
      diseases. Five cases occurring in children are reported here: 4 presented with
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 1 with lymphoma. The clinical pattern was
      remarkably acute, with fever, seizures and a neurological deficit. Brain CT scan
      showed a limited hypodensity sometimes with a contrast uptake in the involved
      area in the first days or weeks. Seroconversion for measles virus occurred in 3
      cases, associated with the presence of helix-like bodies in the cerebrospinal
      fluid and/or cerebral tissue. These case reports are discussed with respect to
      the neurological complications already reported in patients with hematologic
      malignancies. The hypothesis of measles-virus related encephalitis seems likely.

PMID- 6582811
TI  - Enzyme activity in Tourette's syndrome.
AB  - Activity levels of platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO), plasma amine oxidase (PAO),
      erythrocyte catechol-o-methyltransferase, and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase were
      measured in 24 drug-free patients with Tourette's syndrome (TS) and in 24 normal
      control subjects matched for age and sex. Only MAO and PAO activity levels were
      significantly higher in patients than in controls. Activity of the four enzymes
      was uncorrelated with age, sex, age of onset of illness, severity of illness,
      family history of tics and Ts, and ethnic-religious background. The hypothesis
      that probands with heavily loaded pedigrees or with Ashkenazi ethnic-religious
      background would be more biochemically deviant was not supported.

PMID- 6582812
TI  - Complex visual hallucinations and cyclosporine.
AB  - Insidious loss of visual acuity and simultaneous onset of complex visual
      hallucinations were observed in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who
      had recently received bone marrow transplantation and was being treated with
      prednisone and cyclosporine to suppress graft-v-host disease. Problems with
      visual acuity and visual hallucinations spontaneously ameliorated with reduction
      and termination of cyclosporine treatment. The complex visual hallucinations
      caused considerable psychological distress for the patient. These hallucinatory
      phenomena were placed within the framework of loss of control and decreased
      competence, often experienced by children with chronic illness. Recommendations
      for prompt therapeutic intervention were made.

PMID- 6582813
TI  - Interactions between thyroxine, hydrocortisone and cyclophosphamide in their
      effects on the eruption of the rat mandibular incisor.
AB  - The effects on the unimpeded eruption rates of the rat mandibular incisor of
      daily doses of thyroxine (0.5 mg/kg) and hydrocortisone (12.5 mg/kg) and of a
      single injection of cyclophosphamide (40 mg/kg), either alone or in combination,
      were studied over approximately 15 days. Both the thyroxine and hydrocortisone
      alone produced increases in eruption, whereas a decrease was recorded with
      cyclophosphamide alone. When thyroxine was combined with hydrocortisone, the
      increase in eruption rate was greater than that with thyroxine or hydrocortisone
      alone. When cyclophosphamide was combined with hydrocortisone, there was no
      difference compared with cyclophosphamide alone. These results obtained with drug
      combinations are consistent with eruption having a multifactorial basis.

PMID- 6582814
TI  - Salivary secretion induced from isolated, perfused rat submandibular glands by
      sympathomimetic agents.
AB  - Saliva secretion was elicited from the isolated preparations by isoproterenol and
      phenylephrine, at concentrations from 10(-8) to 10(-5) M. The volumes of saliva
      secreted during a 60-min period, the rates of flow and the electrolyte
      composition of saliva secreted in response to each secretagogue were similar to
      those in vivo. Replacement of perfusate Na+ inhibited the secretion of fluid
      induced by isoproterenol (75 per cent) and by phenylephrine (99 per cent). It
      also reduced the Na+ and K+ concentrations of saliva elicited by the two
      secretagogues and inhibited isoproterenol-induced protein secretion (81 per
      cent). Omission of Ca2+ from the perfusate also inhibited fluid secretion
      (isoproterenol-stimulated, 84 per cent; phenylephrine-stimulated, 99 per cent)
      and isoproterenol-induced protein secretion (69 per cent). The absence of the
      divalent cation in the perfusate resulted in increased Na+ and decreased K+
      concentrations in isoproterenol-stimulated saliva and in reduced K+
      concentrations in phenylephrine-stimulated saliva. Administration of 10(-5) M
      phentolamine did not modify the volume of saliva secreted in response to
      isoproterenol, but reduced the response to phenylephrine by 90 per cent. The
      antagonist caused some reduction in the Na+ and K+ concentrations of
      isoproterenol-stimulated saliva, but did not modify those of phenylephrine-evoked
      secretion. Little recovery in fluid secretion was observed when the isolated
      gland was perfused with complete perfusate in the presence of phenylephrine after
      perfusion with Na+- or Ca2+-free solutions. Thus perfused rat submandibular
      glands are fully functional preparations, which respond to sympathomimetic agents
      of the alpha and beta types.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6582815
TI  - Cortisol inhibition of development of various lysosomal enzymes in cultured
      palatal shelves from mouse embryos.
AB  - The lysosomal enzymes, non-specific esterases, beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta
      glucosaminidase and aryl sulphatases A and B, were examined histochemically in
      medial-edge epithelia (MEE) of single palatal shelves in vitro. Activities of
      most enzymes increased gradually in MEE with a peak at 24-26 h of culture. Aryl
      sulphatase B activities were lower than the others and aryl sulphatase A
      activities could not be detected in the palatal cells during the entire culture
      period. By 48 h, MEE cells degenerated and were lost. Cortisol suppressed
      increased activities of these hydrolytic enzymes and prevented programmed
      breakdown of the palatal epithelium.

PMID- 6582816
TI  - The determination of amino-acid enantiomers in human saliva with Chirasil-Val.
AB  - The use of polysiloxanes as stationary phase in glass-capillary gas
      chromatography carrying chiral groups enables the separation and quantitation of
      most amino-acid enantiomers and a variety of other compounds in a much shorter
      time than previously. This phase exhibits low volatility and high thermal
      stability and may be used in routine analysis with open tubular columns at
      temperatures of at least 175 degrees C. Most protein amino acids are separated in
      a temperature programme between 90 and 175 degrees C, thus obviating the need for
      multiple injections. Resolution factors are lower than those of other diamide
      phases containing the L-valine-t. butyl-amide group, but are sufficient for
      resolution of almost all protein amino-acid enantiomers. Incomplete recovery from
      the sample, incomplete derivatization, hydrolysis and thermal decomposition of
      the derivative and shifting response factors can be compensated for by adding the
      unnatural enantiomer. The accuracy of amino-acid analysis by enantiomer labelling
      is equal or superior to that of known methods and permits complete analysis of
      peptides with respect to both amino-acid composition and the optical purity of
      each amino acid. The application of this method to human saliva provided
      information concerning enzymic and bacterial process in the mouth.

PMID- 6582817
TI  - A scanning electron microscope study of dentinal tubules from un-erupted human
      teeth.
AB  - Twelve fully-formed human third molars were obtained immediately after
      extraction, the roots removed, the crowns split into buccal and lingual portions
      fixed in Karnovsky solution and either left in the mineralized state or
      demineralized in a formic/citric acid solution. Specimens were dehydrated,
      critical point dried and examined by SEM. Demineralization of the teeth resulted
      in the loss of peritubular dentine and the appearance within each tubule of a
      sheet-like structure which extended from the predentine-dentine junction to the
      dentine-enamel junction. This sheet-like structure, here termed the lamina
      limitans, may play a role in the control of peritubular dentine formation.

PMID- 6582818
TI  - The effect of fluoride on the electrophoretic patterns of developing rat molar
      enamel.
AB  - Rat pups were given 4 micrograms F/g X day from 3-7 days of age by
      intraperitoneal injection of NaF. Demineralized enamel matrix from 8- to 15-day
      old rats was subjected to SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results
      showed that there was a decrease in the relative proportion of high molecular
      weight proteins with maturation. Enamel formed in the presence of F showed more
      abundant low molecular-weight proteins in the secretory stage and a delay in the
      decrease of high molecular-weight proteins with maturation. These observations
      indicate that F may influence the assembly or dis-assembly of early enamel
      proteins.

PMID- 6582819
TI  - Concentrations of arachidonic-acid metabolites in human mixed saliva are
      independent of flow rate.
AB  - Three prostaglandins, PGE2, PGF2 alpha and PGI2 (measured as 6-keto-PGF1 alpha),
      serologically active 6-sulphidopeptide-containing leukotrienes and
      hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids were determined by radioimmunoassay of mixed saliva
      obtained at several flow rates from 8 healthy volunteers. Flow rates ranged from
      0.26 +/- 0.02 ml/min when saliva production was unstimulated to 1.18 +/- 0.14
      ml/min (values mean +/- SEM) when maximally stimulated. Concentrations of all
      compounds tested remained independent of changes in mixed-saliva flow rate.

PMID- 6582820
TI  - An electrophysiological study of the reinnervation of reimplanted and
      autotransplanted teeth in the cat.
AB  - There is evidence to suggest that some reimplanted and autotransplanted teeth are
      reinnervated, but the time-course of reinnervation and the properties and source
      of the reinnervating axons are not known. This reinnervation has been
      investigated using electrophysiological techniques in 6 adult cats. In each cat,
      one lower canine and three incisor teeth were extracted and immediately
      reimplanted. Three other lower incisor teeth were transplanted into an edentulous
      area. The teeth were splinted in position for 6 weeks. Bipolar electrical
      stimulation of 22 of the 38 successfully reimplanted or autotransplanted teeth
      evoked a jaw-opening reflex within 9-24 weeks of the surgery. The reflex had a
      raised threshold and increased latency. Twenty-four weeks after reimplantation or
      autotransplantation, 32 of the 38 teeth contained nerve fibres travelling in the
      ipsilateral inferior alveolar nerve but, compared with normal, the fibres had
      decreased conduction velocities and produced small amplitude compound action
      potentials in the teeth when stimulated. Seven of the reimplanted teeth contained
      nerve fibres travelling in the contralateral inferior alveolar nerve. These
      results suggest that reimplanted and autotransplanted teeth may be reinnervated
      but the axons are small in diameter, and either few in number or mainly located
      near to the apices of the teeth. Reimplanted teeth may be reinnervated by axons
      from the nerve which supplied them originally or by sprouting and ingrowth of
      axons from nerves supplying adjacent tissues.

PMID- 6582821
TI  - The effects of continuous axially-directed intrusive loads on the erupting rabbit
      mandibular incisor.
AB  - A cantilever beam strain-gauge transducer was used to apply continuous light
      intrusive loads (0.2-0.4 and 2.5 g) to unimpeded mandibular incisors. Tooth
      position was continuously monitored using a variable capacitance displacement
      transducer. After 4 days of unimpeded eruption, the animals were divided into
      three experimental groups: no axial loading (6 rabbits); 0.2-0.4 g of axial
      loading (3 rabbits); 2.5 g of axial loading (3 rabbits). During a 4-h period,
      light forces (0.2-0.4 g) slowed eruption to a stop, whereas a heavier force (2.5
      g) intruded the teeth. The data support Burn-Murdoch's (1981) (Archs oral Biol.
      26, 939-943) contention that the eruptive force of unimpeded continuously
      erupting incisors is significantly less than previously thought.

PMID- 6582822
TI  - Respirator retina.
AB  - Retinas from 14 comatose patients, who had been sustained with a respirator for
      one or more days before death, had selective characteristic alterations (ie,
      autophagy, cell swelling, and coagulation necrosis) of inner nuclear layer in a
      patchy pattern in posterior fundus. Bipolar cells were most often affected, but
      amacrine and horizontal cells also were substantially damaged. Cells of Muller
      and vascular cells were largely spared. These lesions are ascribed to oligemia
      (ischemia) since the inner nuclear layer is a microscopic vascular watershed
      (boundary zone) between the choroidal and retinal circulations.

PMID- 6582823
TI  - Proper treatment of peritonsillar abscess. An exercise in cost containment.

PMID- 6582824
TI  - Binding sites for prostaglandin F2 alpha in human corpora lutea.

PMID- 6582825
TI  - Dental health of children in Australia 1977-1982.

PMID- 6582826
TI  - Dental observations at Australian Antarctic stations.

PMID- 6582827
TI  - Outpatient oral surgery.

PMID- 6582828
TI  - An exploratory study of the dental status of secondary school students according
      to history of enrolment with the School Dental Service of Victoria.

PMID- 6582829
TI  - Cure of resin based restorative materials. II. White light photopolymerized
      resins.

PMID- 6582830
TI  - Oral cancer in South Australia--incidence and case survival.

PMID- 6582831
TI  - A case of incorrect orthodontic treatment with submerging elastics.

PMID- 6582833
TI  - Anaesthesia in dental surgeries.

PMID- 6582832
TI  - Future of oral surgery.

PMID- 6582834
TI  - Alternative carotid lesions.

PMID- 6582835
TI  - Endoscopic examination of the cardio-oesophageal junction.

PMID- 6582836
TI  - A philosophical background to scientific method.

PMID- 6582837
TI  - Algorithms in the management of cerebrovascular disease.
AB  - We present a diagnostic approach to the various clinical presentations of
      patients with cerebrovascular disease. It involves grouping the patients into
      five categories: (1) asymptomatic, (2) transient neurologic episodes, (3)
      unstable neurologic deficits, (4) prolonged neurologic deficits and (5) completed
      stroke. An algorithm is given for each category and an approach to management is
      outlined. The algorithms are clinically validated by reviewing the results of 185
      reconstructive operations performed on patients with manifestations of
      cerebrovascular disease who were managed following the algorithms.

PMID- 6582838
TI  - Aneurysms of the carotid arteries.
AB  - Twenty-one patients with 22 carotid aneurysms have been managed between 1960 and
      1982. The aneurysms were congenital (3), atherosclerotic (8), false aneurysms
      after previous carotid operation (10) and mycotic (1). Carotid ligation was
      performed on four patients, one of whom suffered a stroke and died. Carotid
      reconstruction was undertaken in 15 patients without operative mortality but with
      postoperative strokes in two. Autogenous repairs of the carotid are recommended.

PMID- 6582839
TI  - Fibromuscular dysplasia of the carotid artery.
AB  - A series of 101 patients with carotid fibromuscular disease have been treated and
      followed for at least one year. Transient ischaemic attacks and amaurosis fugax
      were the most common presentation, while 22% of patients had had a completed
      stroke prior to surgery. Graduated dilatation was the most commonly used surgical
      method. In 150 operations, there were no deaths and three operative strokes. The
      operative repair has proven to be very durable and associated with a low
      incidence of neurologic events.

PMID- 6582840
TI  - Spontaneous dissection of the carotid artery.
AB  - Twenty-seven patients with spontaneous dissection have been managed between 1966
      and 1982. Most presented with focal neurologic symptoms and 33% had had a
      completed stroke. Because of early failures of attempted operative repair,
      expectant management was adopted in 17 patients, none of whom had further
      neurologic events. The artery had re-expanded to a new normal caliber in 9 of 10
      patients evaluated by angiography.

PMID- 6582841
TI  - Carotid body tumours.
AB  - Twenty-one patients with 22 carotid body tumours have been managed between 1963
      and 1982. All presented with a neck mass and, if the tumour was extensive, pain.
      The diagnosis was made clinically, by ultrasound (2) and by angiography (16) and
      confirmed by biopsy in 19 patients. Eighteen resections were performed, without
      mortality but with a stroke rate of 16% and an overall complication rate of 36%.
      Four patients required reconstruction of the internal carotid artery.

PMID- 6582842
TI  - Diagnostic accuracy of flexible endoscopic biopsy in carcinoma of the oesophagus
      and cardia.
AB  - The endoscopic diagnoses of 51 patients with carcinoma of the oesophagus and
      cardia were studied. Tissue for histology and cytology was obtained through
      either the flexible (28) or rigid (23) endoscope and the results compared.
      Squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed accurately (100%) by either method.
      Adenocarcinoma was poorly diagnosed by flexible endoscopy (five out of 13 with
      one false positive) while rigid endoscopy remained accurate (six out of six).
      Misdiagnosis with the flexible endoscope has been shown to occur in the presence
      of inflammation of the mucosa or tumour infiltration of the submucosa of the
      lower oesophagus. This has been attributed to the inadequacy of the specimen size
      for accurate diagnosis in these circumstances.

PMID- 6582843
TI  - Proctocolectomy without ileostomy: ileo-anal anastomosis with an ileal reservoir.
AB  - Six patients with polyposis coli and five with chronic ulcerative colitis
      underwent total colectomy and mucosal proctectomy with preservation of the anal
      sphincter and levator ani muscle. An ileal reservoir, constructed from the
      terminal ileum, is brought out through the anal sphincter for anastomosis to to
      the anus at the dentate line. Two patients in the series had a three-limb
      reservoir with anastomosis of a short efferent ileal limb to the anus (Parks
      technique). Nine patients had a two-limb J-shaped reservoir with the apex of the
      reservoir anastomosed to the anus (Utsunomiya technique). All patients had a
      temporary defunctioning ileostomy. There were no deaths. Two patients suffered
      from severe infection within the rectal muscle cuff. One resolved completely with
      spontaneous drainage into the reservoir; the other had continuing sepsis and
      eventually required excision of the anus and conversion to a continent ileostomy.
      All patients remain in good general condition with no disturbance of urinary or
      sexual function. Continence is satisfactory in all patients but two wear a pad at
      night. All evacuate their reservoirs spontaneously: none requires the use of a
      catheter. For most patients stool frequency varies from four to eight times daily
      but two patients have more frequent bowel motions. Colitis patients have more
      frequent bowel activity than those with polyposis. Three patients take Imodium
      tablets to lessen bowel frequency. The operation should be reserved for
      specialized centres and is still under trial; however, it appears likely to
      become the operation of choice for all patients with polyposis coli and for many
      patients with chronic ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 6582844
TI  - A new approach to total colonic aganglionosis.
AB  - Two babies with total colonic aganglionosis treated by a modified Martin-Duhamel
      procedure are described. Ileostomy, long side-to-side ileocolic anastomosis and
      Duhamel's pull-through were the sequence of steps in this staged management.
      Neonatal ileostomy followed by ileocoloplasty proximal to the ileostomy
      facilitates home management of the new born patient who then produces well formed
      stools. This approach avoids neonatal pull-through and obviates the need for
      parenteral alimentation.

PMID- 6582845
TI  - Radical radiotherapy for carcinoma of the prostate: localized and extended field
      treatment.
AB  - From 1972 to 1981, 50 patients who received radical radiotherapy for clinically
      localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate have been reviewed. Of these 50
      patients, 70% showed some degree of reaction to the radiotherapy in the form of
      minor, transient urinary or bowel symptoms. Significant complications occurred in
      20%, the most common of which was proctitis. There was no apparent relation of
      complication rate to the extent of the radiation field. The overall corrected 5
      year survival was 74%.

PMID- 6582846
TI  - Bilateral eye injuries from motor vehicle trauma.
AB  - Three patients admitted after motor vehicle accident trauma are presented. Each
      had bilateral eye injuries with significant but variable visual loss. Common
      features to each were alcohol intoxication and lack of use of seatbelts, and each
      was young and male. New microsurgical ophthalmological techniques as well as a
      multidisciplinary surgical approach to these types of injuries are emphasized.

PMID- 6582847
TI  - Flexor tendon repair in congenital adactyly: a case report.
AB  - Delayed tendon grafting of the single flexor tendon to the little finger in a
      childs adactylic hand is described. Sufficient function has been restored for
      everyday use.

PMID- 6582848
TI  - Calcific enterolith perforation: an unusual complication of small bowel
      anastomosis.
AB  - A 61 year old man presented with peritonitis which at laparotomy was found to be
      due to an enterolith perforation of a blind end of a previous side-to-side ileal
      anastomosis.

PMID- 6582849
TI  - Actinomycosis of the gall bladder.
AB  - This report describes the sixth case of actinomycosis of the gall bladder and
      discusses the salient features of the diagnosis and management of this rare
      disease.

PMID- 6582850
TI  - Changes in tissue concentration of prostaglandins during endochondral bone
      differentiation.
AB  - Prostaglandins are known to be involved in bone metabolism as evidenced by the
      ability of PGE2 to induce bone resorption. It was, therefore, of interest to
      determine if there was an association of specific prostaglandin metabolites with
      the various stages of developing bone by utilizing the matrix-induced
      endochondral bone formation system. During mesenchymal cell proliferation a peak
      of endogenous thromboxane B2 was detected. In the subsequent stages of
      chondrogenesis and chondrolysis PGF2 alpha was in high concentration, whereas
      during bone formation PGE2, 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha and thromboxane B2 were elevated.
      These changes in the peak levels of the various prostaglandin metabolites may
      reflect differences in the cell populations and function associated with various
      stages of endochondral bone formation.

PMID- 6582852
TI  - Cerebral ischemia.

PMID- 6582851
TI  - Characterization of insulin binding to the erythroleukemia cell line K 562.
AB  - The K 562 is a transformed human erythroid stemcell and is used as a target cell
      for NK-T-cells. In this study the presence of insulin receptors in K 562 is
      established. The best binding and negative cooperativity was found in the two
      Hepes containing buffers whereas no cooperativity was obtained in the Krebs
      Ringer buffer. The calculated affinity constants and receptor number per cell
      varied according to the buffer. Preincubation with insulin caused a down
      regulation of the insulin binding capacity. 10 ng/ml caused a lowering of the
      affinity, with an unchanged number of receptors. 100 ng/ml caused a decrease in
      receptor number with unchanged affinity. These results were found in both Hepes
      and Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer. IGF-I shows cross-reactivity with the insulin
      receptor, with a potency of 12 and 100 times less than insulin in Krebs-Ringer
      phosphate buffer and G-buffer respectively. However, no specific IGF-I receptors
      were found. The presence of receptors on K 562 cells suggests a biological role
      for insulin. The different results in the different buffers, indicate that a
      buffer containing Hepes and/or Tris, is required to expose negative cooperativity
      and make the receptors more accessible to insulin.

PMID- 6582853
TI  - Urgent cardiac valve replacement due to infective bacterial endocarditis in non
      drug users.

PMID- 6582854
TI  - The Puerto Rico Sickle Cell Disease Clinic and its transition into a genetic
      disease program.

PMID- 6582855
TI  - Surgical treatment of cerebral ischemia.

PMID- 6582856
TI  - Hypothermia in the tropics.

PMID- 6582857
TI  - C.T. diagnosis: aneurysm of the right posterior communicating artery.

PMID- 6582858
TI  - [Transplants in present society].

PMID- 6582859
TI  - Renal oncocytoma: case report.

PMID- 6582860
TI  - [Etiology of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 6582861
TI  - [Pathology Review. Cardiac myxoma].

PMID- 6582862
TI  - Persistent trigeminal artery: report of seven cases.

PMID- 6582863
TI  - [Release of prostaglandins by spleen cells in the mouse after incubation with
      thymosin].
AB  - The effects of i.p. administration in mice of a rabbit antiserum specific for
      thymic epithelial cells on T-dependent cellular immune response has been studied.
      As measure of T-dependent cellular immune response were taken: 1) a delayed type
      hypersensitivity test based on the swelling of footpad following SRBC injection
      in immunized mice; 2) a graft-versus-host assay valuated by splenomegaly induced
      in newborn mice after donors mice spleen cells i.p. injection. Both assays showed
      a significant reduction of cellular T-dependent immune response. The cinetic of
      this effect is in accord with ultrastructural changes in mice thymus, following
      the same treatment, previously observed.

PMID- 6582864
TI  - [Antiluteolytic activity of embryos in various animal species].
AB  - In mare, sheep and bitch the action of PGF2 alpha have been studied in the early
      pregnancy. Prostin F2 alpha (Upjohn) and Gabbrostim (Vetem ) are commercial names
      of PGF2 alpha used at doses which are luteolytic in the non pregnant female.
      Seric progesterone showed a temporaneous decrease but after four or five days the
      initial values were restored and none of the experimental females aborted. In the
      opinion of authors, embryo per se and/or with its adnexa might have interacted
      blocking the mechanism of luteolysis induced by the administration of PGF2 alpha.

PMID- 6582866
TI  - Modified bonded amalgam technique.

PMID- 6582865
TI  - A single-visit treatment of septic root canals using periapically extruded
      endomethasone.

PMID- 6582867
TI  - The aetiology and psychology of dental fear.

PMID- 6582868
TI  - Disorders of the masticatory apparatus.

PMID- 6582869
TI  - Comparison of the structure and properties of conventional and siliconised
      alginates.

PMID- 6582870
TI  - Unusual initial manifestation of acute leukaemia in a child.

PMID- 6582871
TI  - Cervical lymphadenopathy associated with toxoplasmosis.

PMID- 6582872
TI  - Dilaceration--a surgical/orthodontic solution.

PMID- 6582873
TI  - Spontaneous fracture of the mandible following third molar removal.

PMID- 6582874
TI  - Multiple endocrine adenomatosis type IIb.

PMID- 6582875
TI  - Reasons for choice of dentistry as a career in applicants to a British dental
      school.

PMID- 6582876
TI  - Specialisation in dentistry.

PMID- 6582877
TI  - 'A new biological dressing for areas denuded of mucous membrane'.

PMID- 6582878
TI  - 'Children's dental health 1983'.

PMID- 6582879
TI  - Manpower imbalance in oral surgery.

PMID- 6582880
TI  - 'Attitudes towards dental care among young people in Scotland.

PMID- 6582881
TI  - 'The role of fixed appliances in general dental practice'.

PMID- 6582882
TI  - Orthodontic teaching.

PMID- 6582884
TI  - Guidelines for root canal treatment.

PMID- 6582883
TI  - A simple zygomatic splint.

PMID- 6582885
TI  - A personal view. The anatomy of unacceptable behaviour.

PMID- 6582886
TI  - Fluoridation and dental caries experience in 5-year-old children in Newcastle and
      Northumberland in 1981.

PMID- 6582887
TI  - Merger of the Royal and Guy's.

PMID- 6582888
TI  - 'Natural Nashers' dental health education programme. The results of a field trial
      in Scotland.

PMID- 6582889
TI  - The endogrip. A device to improve the efficiency of root canal preparation.

PMID- 6582890
TI  - Erythema migrans affecting the palate.

PMID- 6582891
TI  - Treatment of patients with glandular fever with ampicillin or amoxycillin.

PMID- 6582892
TI  - Surveyplus. A review of a computer program.

PMID- 6582893
TI  - The relationship between social class and dental health in 5-year-old children in
      the north and south of England.

PMID- 6582894
TI  - Jaw opening forces in human subjects.

PMID- 6582895
TI  - An investigation of marking materials used in occlusal adjustment.

PMID- 6582896
TI  - Comparison of CA 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in the serum of
      patients with colorectal diseases.
AB  - The serum levels of CA 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were determined in
      37 patients with benign colorectal diseases and in 111 patients with newly
      discovered colorectal carcinomas or clinically verified relapses. In cancer
      patients, the CA 19-9 level ranged from normal (0-37 U ml-1) to 77,500 U ml-1
      whereas all samples but one from patients with benign colorectal diseases had a
      normal value. CA 19-9 was increased in 46% and 45% of patients with an advanced
      (Dukes C or D) carcinoma or a verified recidive, respectively. Only one out of 26
      patients (4%) with a localized (Dukes A or B) carcinoma displayed an elevated CA
      19-9 level (greater than 37 U ml-1). No clear correlation was found between the
      CA 19-9 and CEA levels. The sensitivity of the CA 19-9 test (36%) was poorer than
      that of the CEA assay (69%), but the new test was markedly more specific (97% vs
      70%) than the CEA assay.

PMID- 6582897
TI  - Cellular repair of radiation damage: mechanisms and modifying agents. Proceedings
      of the 11th L.H. Gray conference. Glasgow, 18-22 July 1983.

PMID- 6582898
TI  - Concepts, problems and the role of modifying agents in the relationship between
      recovery of cells' survival ability and mechanisms of repair of radiation
      lesions.
AB  - The two strands of the problem are the shapes and changes with time of cell
      survival curves on the one hand and the responses of cell constituents to
      radiation on the other. Evidence of correlations between results of studies of
      these two types of phenomena under the influence of a wide range of modifying
      agents is required to establish mechanisms. Recovery may be defined as referring
      to the whole cell, while repair should be regarded as a process carried out by
      one substance on another. The degrees of usefulness and possible deficiencies of
      a multi-hit/target model and a repair model for explaining cell survival curves
      and cell recovery are compared in a range of circumstances. A fully satisfactory
      model is not yet available.

PMID- 6582899
TI  - X-ray and UV mutagenesis in two L5178Y cell strains differing in tumorigenicity,
      radiosensitivity, and DNA repair.
AB  - L5178Y-R (LY-R) and L5178Y-S (LY-S) cells are inversely cross sensitive to X-rays
      and UV (254 nm) radiation (Dox = 0.94 and 0.69 Gy, Dqx = 0.32 and 0.010 Gy; Douv
      = 0.07 and 5.5 J m-2, Dquv = 3.8 and 1.6 J m-2, for LY-R and LY-S cells,
      respectively). Mutagenicity of the two cell strains at the hypoxanthine-guanine
      phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT) locus was examined using 6-thioguanine
      resistance as a marker. LY-S cells showed remarkably low mutability; the
      spontaneous mutation frequency of LY-S cells was at least two orders of magnitude
      lower than that for LY-R cells (less than or equal to 0.005 vs. approximately 2.5
      mutants per 10(5) survivors). The induced mutation rates for X-rays were 0.95 +/-
      0.14 and 0.35 +/- 0.09 mutants per Gy per 10(5) survivors, and for UV radiation,
      21.5 +/- 8.2 and 0.04 +/- 0.02 mutants per J m-2 per 10(5) survivors, for LY-R
      and LY-S cells, respectively. The results suggest that LY-S cells are efficient
      in the repair of UV-induced damage but not of lesions produced by ionizing
      radiation. The reverse appears to be true for LY-R cells. In addition, the low
      mutability of LY-S cells suggests that the processing of pre-mutational lesions
      may lead to lethality in this strain.

PMID- 6582900
TI  - The influence of PLD repair on the induction frequency of 6-thioguanine resistant
      mutants in Ehrlich ascites tumour cells after exposure to X-rays and ultraviolet
      light.
AB  - We have studied the influence of conditions promoting repair or expression of
      potentially lethal damage (PLD) on the induction of 6-thioguanine resistant
      mutants in plateau phase Ehrlich ascites tumour cells after exposure to either X
      rays or ultraviolet light (UV). The cells were assayed either immediately after
      irradiation, or after a 6-8 h incubation under plateau phase conditions (in the
      case of exposure to X-rays) or 24 h incubation in balanced salt solution (in the
      case of exposure to UV light) to allow repair of PLD. For expression of PLD the
      cells were incubated for 4 h with 120 microM beta-araA, a treatment known to
      result in an exponential survival curve. For selection of the induced mutants the
      cells were incubated with 1.5 micrograms ml-1 6-thioguanine after a growth period
      of 6-12 days in fresh medium to allow expression. The results indicated a
      decrease in the number of mutants induced per 10(5) cells, with both radiations,
      when these were allowed to repair PLD, as compared with that of cells processed
      immediately after irradiation. An increase in the number of mutants induced was
      observed after postirradiation treatment of X-irradiated cells with beta-araA,
      but a decrease after exposure to UV light and subsequent treatment with beta
      araA. We suggest therefore that potentially lethal lesions resulting in the
      formation of the shoulder of the survival curve are not identical with the
      lesions causing the induction of mutants after exposure to X-rays, although both
      kinds of lesions could be subgroups of the same kind of initially induced
      lesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6582901
TI  - Induction and repair of X-ray damage in mammalian cell cultures treated with
      membrane-active drugs.
AB  - Cultures of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells (EATC) were treated before and after X
      irradiation with the membrane active drugs chlorpromazine (CPZ) and procaine.
      Under hypoxic conditions of irradiation CPZ sensitized cells and was most
      effective at about 50 microM, whereas at higher drug concentrations the extent of
      sensitization was less. Sensitization was however not observed in cultures
      supplemented with vitamin E. Likewise, CPZ inhibited repair of potentially lethal
      damage (RPLD) measured by delayed plating of stationary cell cultures either
      using the colony forming ability or micronucleus formation as endpoints.
      Procaine, on the other hand, was found to sensitize cells only slightly under
      hypoxia and protected slightly under oxic conditions in the concentration range
      from 10-100 mM. Both drugs induced an increase in ATP content at these
      concentrations. Since it has also been observed that these drugs cause depletion
      of intracellular sulfhydryl groups which may serve for protection of membrane
      sites, it is assumed that the radiobiological effects observed arise mainly from
      an influence on cellular and nuclear membranes where lipid bilayer fluidity and
      conformational status of membrane-bound enzymes may be changed. The possible role
      of heterochromatin anchored or near to the nuclear membrane as a radiation
      sensitive compartment of the cell is discussed.

PMID- 6582902
TI  - Differences in repair in heterogeneous cell populations in vivo and in vitro
      following high LET irradiation (neutrons).
AB  - The shape of cell survival curves following X-irradiation when the X-rays were
      given immediately after neutron irradiation has been examined in two cell lines
      in vitro (Ehrlich ascites and V79) and in the stem cells of the mouse jejunum.
      The changes in the shape of the X-ray survival curve following neutron
      irradiation are different in all the cell systems examined. Some of the changes
      observed may be associated with a change in the cell profile following neutron
      irradiation due to the more even cell age killing pattern of neutrons through the
      cell cycle compared with X-rays. It is unlikely that this can account for all
      changes in shape observed and it is postulated that some cells following neutron
      irradiation are more sensitive to X-rays than the unirradiated population or than
      X-irradiated cells at the same level of survival. This increased sensitivity may
      be associated with a non-reversible sublethal damage or a saturation of the
      repair potential caused largely by the alpha or heavy recoil (HR) particles
      produced by the neutrons in the cell nucleus. The damage is observed when the
      probability of alpha or HR particles being produced within the cell nucleus,
      without killing the cell, is high.

PMID- 6582903
TI  - Further evidence that the survival of irradiated mammalian cells is controlled by
      temporal processes.
AB  - Theories of mammalian cellular radiosensitivity that exclude metabolic
      modification of radiation damage are untenable (Nagasawa et al., 1980). Evidence
      supporting that conclusion has been obtained from experiments with a
      radiosensitive, proliferating cell, the S/S variant of the L5178Y murine
      leukaemic lymphoblast, and a radioresistant, nondividing cell, the retinal
      photoreceptor (rod) of the rabbit. When S/S cells (mid-) G1 + 8 h in the cycle,
      at the peak of radioresistance, were X-irradiated at 37 degrees C and then
      treated hyperthermically (12 h, 38.7-40.3 degrees C), the survival curve, which
      has a shoulder at 37 degrees C, changed progressively to the simple exponential
      obtained for G1 cells. Under conditions where Ne ions (LET = 35 keV microns-1)
      have a relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of approximately 2 for normally
      radioresistant cells in vitro and in situ, the RBE for G1 S/S cells was
      approximately 1. Neon ions (1-50 Gy) caused similar amounts of DNA damage in S/S
      cells and photoreceptors, but the cellular responses were very different. After 5
      Gy, the surviving fraction of asynchronous S/S cells was 10(-5), DNA structures
      were not restored and by 8 h post-irradiation extensive DNA degradation was
      evident; in the retina, however, the photoreceptor complement was unchanged for
      greater than 1 year, DNA structures appeared to be restored and remained so (many
      months) until late DNA degradation began. These phenomena can be explained
      satisfactorily only if temporal processes play a significant role in cellular
      radiosensitivity.

PMID- 6582904
TI  - Response of sensitive human ataxia and resistant T-1 cell lines to accelerated
      heavy ions.
AB  - We have studied the radiation dose responses of two human fibroblast lines: cells
      from a patient with Ataxia telangiectasia (AT-2SF) and an established line of
      human T-1 cells. Aerobic and hypoxic 225 kVp X-ray survival curves were used as
      controls to the heavy ion exposures. Nearly monoenergetic accelerated neon and
      argon ions were used at the Berkeley Bevalac with various residual range values.
      The LET of the particles varied from 30 keV microns-1 to over 1,000 keV microns
      1. All Ataxia survival curves were exponential functions of the dose. Their
      radiosensitivity reached peak values at 100-200 keV microns-1. Human T-1 cells
      have effective sublethal damage repair as has been evidenced by split dose
      experiments, and they are much more resistant to low LET than to high LET
      radiation. At high LET their radiosensitivity approached that of the Ataxia
      cells. The repair-misrepair model has been used to interpret these results.
      According to this model, the molecular repair processes culminate either in
      eurepair or in misrepair. We have obtained mathematical expressions that describe
      the cross sections and inactivation coefficients for both human cell lines as a
      function of the LET and the type of particle used. We assume that the lesions
      induced in T-1 and Ataxia cells are qualitatively similar and that each cell line
      attempts to repair these lesions. The result in most irradiated Ataxia cells,
      however, is either lethal misrepair or incomplete repair leading to cell death. T
      1 cells have efficient repair mechanisms at low LET, and the repair-misrepair
      model suggests that at high LET the T-1 cells can still efficiently repair
      individual lesions, but that as the lesions become closely spaced along the
      tracks, the probability of misrepair increases.

PMID- 6582905
TI  - The influence of in situ repair systems on survival of several irradiated
      parenchymal cell types.
AB  - Radiation survival curves are presented for several normal parenchymal cell types
      irradiated in situ or in vitro. The data presented indicate that the in situ
      survival parameters for a specific cell type cannot be simply extrapolated from
      the results of either in vitro assays or rapid in vivo clonal transplantation
      assays. The data suggest that the D0 and terminal slope of in vitro survival
      curves can reflect those parameters for cells left in situ, but the shoulder
      width and the n value cannot. This appears to be due to the inability of the in
      vitro environment to support two major forms of repair that occur in situ, i.e.
      the "contact effect" and in situ repair (ISR). ISR is a form of potentially
      lethal damage repair (PLDR) that occurs when certain cells are allowed to remain
      in situ following irradiation. ISR is characterized by an increased shoulder in
      the survival curve without a change in slope and it has been observed in rat
      mammary, thyroid and liver epithelia.

PMID- 6582906
TI  - Repair during multifraction exposures: spheroids versus monolayers.
AB  - Many types of mammalian cells, when grown in culture as multicell spheroids,
      display an increased ability to accumulate and repair sublethal radiation damage
      which has been called the "contact effect". Since this effect has the potential
      to markedly modify the multifraction radiation response of cells in V79 spheroids
      relative to cells in monolayer cultures, we investigated regimens ranging from 1
      to 100 fractions. Effective dose rates were chosen near 1 Gy h-1 to inhibit cell
      progression and thus simplify analysis of the results. As expected, larger doses
      per fraction produced more net cell killing in both systems than lower doses per
      fraction. Additionally, less killing of spheroid cells was observed in all
      regimens, in accord with their greater potential for repair. However, when the
      data were expressed as isoeffect curves, the spheroid and monolayer curves
      converged as the number of fractions increased. Thus, quite similar inherent
      sensitivity and repair capabilities would be predicted for ultra-low doses per
      fraction. High precision techniques for defining survival after doses of
      radiation from 0.2 to 1 Gy were, however, still able to demonstrate a survival
      advantage for cells grown as spheroids.

PMID- 6582907
TI  - In vitro sublethal damage repair in tumour subpopulations from a heterogeneous
      human colon tumour.
AB  - The repair of sublethal radiation damage in two asynchronously growing tumour
      cell subpopulations (clones A and D) obtained from a single human adenocarcinoma
      biopsy specimen has been studied. The survival data found after generation of
      complete survival curves from split dose experiments in which exposures were
      separated by 3, 6, 12, or 24 h were examined. It was found that the method of
      performing irradiations (e.g., suspension cultures versus monolayer cultures)
      affected the shape of the single dose response curves, and as a result the
      interpretation of the amount of sublethal damage repair occurring after split
      dose irradiation.

PMID- 6582908
TI  - Split-dose recovery explained quantitatively by repair of potentially lethal
      lesions.
AB  - It is known from experimental and theoretical considerations that the shoulder in
      the usual dose-survival curve for mammalian cells is due to repair of potentially
      lethal lesions (PLL). As a consequence, reappearance of the shoulder in a split
      dose experiment should also be related to repair of PLL. A procedure for
      calculation of cell survival curves for split-dose irradiation is described which
      takes into consideration repair of PLL only. The reproduction of the shoulder
      with increasing time interval between the two dose fractions can be seen to take
      place with a time constant closely related to that of repair of PLL. Other
      quantitative parameters such as the dose dependence of this recovery time
      constant can be predicted quantitatively from the calculation.

PMID- 6582909
TI  - Changes in the repair ability of continuously irradiated lymphosarcoma LS/BL
      cells.
AB  - The radiosensitivity and repair ability of LS/BL lymphosarcoma cells were studied
      by means of a serial dilution method using host survival-time as the end point
      and by means of liver colony assay. The survival curves of LS/BL cells originally
      showed an exponential dose-response relationship without any shoulder. During the
      years of cultivation in vivo and progressive adaptation to ascites growth the
      survival curves of LS/BL cells became less steep and the D0 values increased from
      1.0 to 1.5 Gy. The continuous irradiation in vivo of LS/BL cells at the exposure
      rate of 4.7 cGy h-1 did not lead to any remarkable change of the D0 values, but
      from the 150th week of irradiation the initial shoulder appeared on the survival
      curve and its width enlarged with the time of irradiation. The extrapolation
      number (n) equalled 1.0 at the onset of continuous irradiation and increased to
      8.4 after 350 weeks of exposure. The results of experiments in which the split
      dose technique was used proved the reappearance of the initial shoulder.

PMID- 6582910
TI  - Lack of recovery from radiation-induced sublethal damage in human haematopoietic
      cells.
AB  - The effect of ionizing radiation on the growth of bone marrow cells from
      haematologically normal controls or from patients with acute nonlymphocytic
      leukaemia was studied using colony formation as an endpoint. A modified agar
      culture method which incorporated daily feeding with new medium was utilized to
      allow the growth of leukaemic cell colonies. Analysis of radiation-dose survival
      curves revealed that normal bone marrow cell populations exhibited a relatively
      steep slope, with values of D0 averaging 0.88 Gy, and essentially no shoulder to
      the survival curves. The leukaemic cells tested also displayed survival curves
      with negligible shoulders and steep slopes (average value of D0 = 0.66 Gy). The
      average values of D0 for normal and leukaemic cells were significantly different
      (P less than 0.001). The ability of hematopoietic progenitor cells to recover
      from the accumulation of sublethal damage was also investigated by allowing a
      fractionation interval between doses. As expected from the lack of significant
      shoulder on the survival curve, there was no evidence of recovery from sublethal
      damage. These results provide a rationale for the use of fractionated radiation
      therapy for whole-body irradiation prior to bone marrow transplant.

PMID- 6582911
TI  - Modification by anisotonic treatment of repair and fixation of radiation damage
      in cell killing and transformation.
AB  - Anisotonic treatment of V79 cells after irradiation resulted in extensive
      fixation of potentially lethal damage (PLD). Fixation of PLD occurred more
      rapidly when treated with 1.5 mol l-1 NaCl than with 0.05 mol l-1 NaCl. These
      effects were further enhanced when cells were held at 0 degree C instead of 37
      degrees C during irradiation. When the X-ray (10.0 Gy) and salt treatments were
      separated by incubation at 37 degrees C, survival increased rapidly by a factor
      of 2000, while repair of PLD in cells held in a plateau phase after X-rays (10.0
      Gy) caused survival to increase four-fold. The data indicate that these mammalian
      cells sustain and repair a much larger amount of PLD than is measured by the
      conventional method of holding cells in a non-progressing state after
      irradiation. Radiation sensitivity in cells was modified by BrdUrd incorporation
      into cellular DNA or exposure to DMSO during irradiation. For these cells,
      fixation of damage by post-irradiation anisotonic treatment proceeded at the same
      rate for BrdUrd-treated cells, and at a diminished rate for DMSO-treated cells,
      compared with cells irradiated in the absence of these compounds. In C3H-10T 1/2
      cells, post-irradiation anisotonic treatment (with 0.05 or 1.5 mol l-1 NaCl) also
      resulted in fixation of PLD and a rapid recovery when the X-ray and salt
      treatments were separated by incubation at 37 degrees C. Treatment with 0.05 or
      1.5 mol l-1 NaCl solutions immediately after irradiation also resulted in
      elevated transformation frequencies, which increased with exposure time to
      anisotonic solutions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6582912
TI  - Kinetics of cell survival as predicted by the repair/interaction model.
AB  - A functional relationship determining the survival curve for reproductive cell
      death caused by low-LET radiation is derived on the basis of Lea's
      repair/interaction model. Radiation-induced primary lesions are assumed to
      interact pair-wise to form long-lived lethal lesions, simultaneously with the
      repair of the primary lesions. The formula derived for a short single irradiation
      gives a typical shouldered survival curve. At doses below the shoulder the
      interaction entirely occurs at low levels of primary lesion concentration,
      resulting in the parabolic shape of the logarithmic survival curve. At higher
      doses the interaction initially proceeds at high levels of primary lesion
      concentration, a state whose duration is determined by the dose and the finite
      speed of the first-order reaction of repair; this initial phase of the
      interaction results in the exponential tail of the survival curve. Survival after
      fractionated and protracted irradiation are also obtained. The dependence of cell
      survival on the irradiation conditions can be interpreted in terms of the basic
      parameters of the model.

PMID- 6582913
TI  - Repair studies utilizing a fly-pupariation model of postmitotic cell response.
AB  - Delay in pupariation of irradiated fly (and other insect) larvae results from a
      neuroendocrine disturbance and represents a dose-dependent response of
      differentiated postmitotic tissue. Many experimental manipulations (e.g. heating)
      may themselves upset timing, limiting usefulness of this phenomenon as a model of
      postmitotic tissue response. Doses greater than 20 Gy inhibit retraction of
      specific muscles at time of pupariation, leading to formation of elongate
      puparia. Degree of elongation (ratio of length: breadth) was also a function of
      dose. Peak sensitivity for elongation occurs later than that for delay, but both
      endpoints exhibit rapid kinetics for sparing effect of dose fractionations (sdf).
      With degree of elongation as endpoint, we demonstrated synergism between heat and
      radiation, and heat markedly inhibited sdf. Maintenance of irradiated larvae
      under wet conditions greatly prolonged the larval stage, and degree of elongation
      was reduced. This recovery, analogous to repair of potentially-lethal damage
      (PLD) in plateau-phase cell cultures, proceeds much more slowly than sdf.

PMID- 6582914
TI  - Can cell survival parameters be deduced from non clonogenic assays of radiation
      damage to normal tissues?
AB  - Though dose-response curves for large scale radiation injury to tissues are
      undoubtedly related to survival curves for clonogenic cells, the relationship
      between the two sets of curves is not necessarily simple. Sterilization of
      clonogenic cells occurs near-instantaneously by comparison with the protracted
      lag period for gross injury to tissues. Moreover, with some types of macroscopic
      damage, the shapes of the dose-response curves may depend on time of assay.
      Changes in the area or volume of irradiated tissue may also influence the shapes
      of these curves. The temporal pattern of expression of large scale injury also
      varies between tissues, and two distinct groups can be recognized. In rapidly
      proliferating tissues, the lag period is almost independent of dose, whilst in
      slowly proliferating tissues, it is inversely proportional to dose. This might be
      explained by invoking differences in corresponding proliferative structures of
      the tissues (Three compartmental Type H versus One compartmental Type F
      proliferative organization). For the second group of tissues, in particular,
      mathematical modelling suggests a systematic dissociation of the dose-response
      curves for clonogenic cell survival and for large scale injury. This
      dissociation, which arises even in the case of single doses, may be even more
      important when radiation is fractionated. In particular, it may be difficult to
      disentangle the contributions made to inter-fraction sparing by cellular repair
      processes and by proliferation-related factors.

PMID- 6582916
TI  - Response to continuous irradiation (CI) in relation to the initial slope of the
      cell survival curve for tumours and bone marrow.
AB  - In vivo ultra low dose rate continuous irradiation (CI, 15 cGy h-1) was used in
      an attempt to accurately quantify low dose radiation response (less than 2 Gy) of
      both tumour and normal tissue, a parameter which is clinically relevant but
      difficult to assess using conventional acute radiation survival curves. Dorsally
      placed tumours were irradiated by housing tumour bearing mice for up to three
      weeks in a dedicated 137Cs unit taking care to shield the lower body. Response to
      CI was monitored by an excision cell survival assay. For bone marrow treatment
      whole body irradiation was used and BM-CFUc were assessed. In all 4 tissues
      studied (Lewis lung carcinoma, B16 melanoma, carcinoma MT and C57B1/6 bone
      marrow) cell survival decreased exponentially with dose; the three tumours had
      similar D0 (approximately 6 Gy), bone marrow was more sensitive (D0 1.5 Gy).
      Acute in vitro radiation survival curves were analysed using both the multi
      target plus single hit and the linear quadratic models of radiation cell kill.
      Comparison of CI results with acute radiation survival curve parameters derived
      from each model suggest that CI offers a useful means of assessing the low dose
      radiosensitivity of tumours and may therefore be useful in the prediction of
      tumour response to clinically relevant fractionated treatments.

PMID- 6582915
TI  - Tissue repair capacity and repair kinetics deduced from multifractionated or
      continuous irradiation regimens with incomplete repair.
AB  - A model is proposed to account for cell survival after multiple doses, when the
      interfraction interval is insufficient for complete Elkind repair. In the limit
      of ever-increasing numbers of ever-smaller fractional doses, the model transforms
      into the accumulation model (Roesch, 1978) of survival after continuous
      irradiation. When it is adapted to describe tissue responses to isoeffective
      multifractionated regimens, wherein repair is incomplete, a generalization of the
      usually linear plot of reciprocal total dose versus dose per fraction is
      obtained, in which downward curvature is evident. There is some advantage in
      studying tissue responses to multifractionated regimens with incomplete repair in
      the interfraction intervals, or continuous exposures at various dose rates since
      in addition to determination of repair capacity (defined by beta/alpha) there is
      an estimate of repair kinetics (defined by the halftime T1/2 for repair of
      sublethal injury). There is a saving in overall treatment time with either
      method, thereby reducing the influence of regeneration on the interpretation of
      the results. The results of analyses of previously published data are presented
      to illustrate the use of the models. Estimated from the response of three acutely
      responding normal tissues in the mouse (jejunum, colon and bone marrow), repair
      halftimes ranged from 0.3-0.9 h and values of beta/alpha were approximately 0.1
      Gy-1. From the response of mouse lung (LD50 for pneumonitis) to multifractionated
      regimens with incomplete repair, the repair halftime was estimated at 1.5 h and
      beta/alpha was 0.27 Gy-1. In the rat spinal cord beta/alpha was 0.7 Gy-1 and T
      1/2 was 1.5 h.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6582917
TI  - The role of glutathione and DNA strand break repair in determining the shoulder
      of the radiation survival curve.
AB  - The nonprotein thiol glutathione (GSH) and the rate and extent of repair of DNA
      strand breaks were investigated as two possible determinants of the size of the
      shoulder of the X-ray survival curve in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. Both
      cell survival and DNA single strand break repair were measured at comparable
      radiation doses (using clonogenic and alkaline elution assays respectively)
      following treatment of CHO cells with agents which deplete GSH levels and/or
      reduce the shoulder of the radiation survival curve. CHO cells were treated with
      diethylmaleate (DEM) at doses which reduce GSH levels from 10% to less than 1% of
      control values. GSH depletion produced dose-modifying radiosensitization of
      hypoxic but not aerobic cells, reducing the oxygen enhancement ratio (OER) from
      2.6 to 1.7, with no change in the survival curve shoulder, nor in the rate of
      repair of DNA strand breaks. Since mitotic CHO cells exhibited a reduced shoulder
      compared to asynchronous cells with no difference in the Do of the survival
      curve, they provided an opportunity to test the possible association of the
      shoulder size with the repair rate of DNA breaks. Both mitotic and asynchronous
      cells had the same initial number of strand breaks for a given radiation dose,
      but mitotic cells had a half-life for repair of those breaks which was
      significantly longer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6582918
TI  - Effects of ara A and fresh medium on chromosome damage and DNA double-strand
      break repair in X-irradiated stationary cells.
AB  - Evidence supports the view that double-strand breaks (dsb) in the DNA of X
      irradiated mammalian cells are the lesions leading to chromosome aberrations and
      eventual cell death. The detailed kinetics of repair of dsb in Ehrlich ascites
      tumour cells over long repair intervals have therefore been studied and compared
      under conditions simulating procedures known to cause large changes in cell
      survival. These conditions are: holding cells in stationary phase for 7 h after X
      irradiation, transference of cells to fresh growth medium immediately after X
      irradiation, and treatment with the DNA synthesis inhibitor 9-beta-D
      arabinofuranosyladenine (ara A) for 30 min before, during and for 7 h after X
      irradiation. These conditions have also been investigated for their effects on
      the frequencies of chromosome abnormalities (anaphase bridges and fragments). It
      is shown that conditions leading to both an inhibition of dsb repair (in the
      presence of ara A) as well as an acceleration of dsb repair (by fresh growth
      medium) lead to higher frequencies of chromosome abnormalities as compared to
      those for cells under stationary conditions for 7 h after irradiation. Holding
      dsb open for long periods with ara A may maximize the probability of formation of
      aberrations, however the data for fresh medium treatment show that it is not
      merely the rate at which dsb repair which determines the aberration frequency,
      and indicate the presence of other biochemical mechanisms in the cell which
      determine the frequency of conversion of dsb into chromosome aberrations.

PMID- 6582919
TI  - Subcellular lesions: the current position.
AB  - There continues to be an oversimplification of the approach to correlate cellular
      lesions with radiation induced cell death. Both in the prokaryotic and eukaryotic
      cell the relationship between vital macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, membrane and
      proteins is not yet fully understood either in a structural or functional sense.
      These macromolecules are often closely associated and interdependent. In spite of
      these recognised relationships much work is still devoted to measuring relatively
      early changes induced only in the DNA molecule. However, at the present time the
      quaternary structure of DNA and its closely neighbouring macromolecules is
      becoming better defined, and disturbances in these vital interrelationships may
      prove to be the most important radiation lesions. In the attempts to relate
      identifiable radiation damage to cell malfunction several criteria must be
      applied. For instance, the measured lesions must exhibit sensitization,
      protection and shoulder changes in response to the variety of agents and
      conditions which produce these phenomena at cellular level. In addition the
      radiation doses employed to produce measurable change must be within the same
      dose range as those used to study cellular and tissue effects. In much of the
      published work these criteria have not been applied.

PMID- 6582920
TI  - Mechanisms of recovery from sublethal damage and potentially lethal damage
      induced by BrdUrd/313 nm light treatment: alkali-labile lesions.
AB  - BrdUrd pulse labelling of synchronous Chinese hamster cell cultures was used to
      correlate repair of sublethal damage with removal of alkali-labile lesions. Both
      processes were modified in a quantitatively similar manner by cysteamine. In
      addition, the age responses for repair of sublethal damage and for cysteamine
      reduction of repair agreed. Through the use of thymidine as an S-phase-blocking
      agent it was further demonstrated that progression past the S-phase of the cell
      cycle was required for the loss of resistance to UVB light in BrdUrd-substituted
      cells. Similarly, a thymidine block administered before synthesis upon the BrdUrd
      substituted template prevented the cell from acquiring the sensitivity to UVB
      light normally associated with synthesis on a lesioned template. The UVB-light
      sensitive mutant V79-UC was shown to have reduced capacities both for the
      accumulation of sublethal injury and for the removal of alkali-labile lesions.
      These data support the notion that alkali-labile lesions are responsible for
      sublethal damage in BrdUrd pulse-labelled Chinese hamster cells.

PMID- 6582921
TI  - The DNA damage-repair hypothesis in radiation biology: comparison with classical
      hit theory.
AB  - In classical theories of radiobiological action, cell killing is viewed as an
      inevitable consequence of the accumulation of some given number of physical
      "hits" in sensitive, intracellular targets. Shoulders on survival curves are
      attributed to the need for more than one hit to produce the observed effect, and
      to the random distribution of these hits among the cells in an irradiated
      population. Such curves start with zero slope at very low doses, and, at high
      doses, they approach, asymptotically, exponential slopes that are inversely
      proportional to the dose required for one hit, or to inactivate a single target.
      Unfortunately, these simple ideas provide no credible explanation for the
      dramatic changes in apparent final slope, and the total abolition of shoulders,
      that are observed in many radiation-sensitive mutants. The damage-repair
      hypothesis asserts that the surviving fraction of cells in a mutagen-treated
      population is proportional to the number of potentially lethal lesions that are
      not removed by any repair process. Evidence indicates that these repairable
      lesions are located in DNA; however, this fact is irrelevant to the mathematical
      development of dose-response equations under the damage-repair hypothesis. The
      survival curves for repair-proficient cells generally exhibit a shoulder which
      reflects a decline in the efficiency of repair with increasing dose. Introduction
      of the concepts of "error-prone" and "recombinagenic" repair allows the extension
      of these ideas to data on induced mutation and mitotic recombination.

PMID- 6582922
TI  - Repair of neoplastic transformation damage following protracted exposures to 60Co
      gamma-rays.
AB  - The incidences of neoplastic transformation induced by 60Co gamma-rays in
      exponentially growing mouse embryo 10T1/2 cells were measured following acute and
      protracted exposures. Delivery of 60Co gamma-rays at a low dose rate (0.1, 0.5,
      2.5 cGy min-1) compared with a high dose rate (100 cGy min-1) results in
      appreciable, dose rate dependent reductions in cell killing and, independent of
      the effect on cell survival, reduces significantly the incidence of neoplastic
      transformation. Exposure of exponentially growing 10T 1/2 cells to a dose of
      gamma-rays in 5 equal daily fractions also significantly reduces transformation
      frequency, compared with delivery in a single dose, throughout the dose range
      examined (25-300 cGy). The initial parts of the induction curves are fitted quite
      well by a linear dose dependence. The slopes of the regression lines for
      multifractionation delivery or irradiation at 0.1 cGy min-1, are one-third and
      one-half, respectively, of those for single exposures at a high dose rate.
      Increasing the inter-fraction interval up to 48 h, or reduction of the dose per
      fraction further reduce incidence of neoplastic transformation. We conclude that
      protracted exposures of low LET radiation result in a net "error-free" repair of
      subtransformation damage.

PMID- 6582923
TI  - Possible error-prone repair of neoplastic transformation induced by fission
      spectrum neutrons.
AB  - We have examined the effect of fission-spectrum neutrons from the JANUS reactor
      at Argonne National Laboratory, delivered either as acute or protracted
      irradiation, on the incidence of neoplastic transformation in the C3H 10T1/2
      mouse embryo cell line. Acute exposures were delivered at 10-38 cGy min-1,
      protracted exposures at 0.086 or 0.43 cGy min-1. The total doses for both ranged
      from 2.4 to 350 cGy. In the low dose region (2.4-80 cGy), there was a large
      enhancement in transformation frequency when the neutrons were delivered at the
      low dose rates compared with the high dose rates, but the survival of the cells
      was not significantly different between the two exposures conditions. Analysis of
      the initial parts of the curves shows that the regression line for protracted
      doses is about 9 times steeper than that for single acute exposures. Finally, the
      possibility is discussed that an "error-prone" repair process may be causing the
      enhanced transformation frequency by protracted neutron exposures.

PMID- 6582924
TI  - Acute myeloid leukaemia: is 'consolidation' therapy necessary?

PMID- 6582926
TI  - Chromosome analysis of isolated colony erythroblasts in chronic myelogenous
      leukaemia.
AB  - To isolate and karyotype the progeny of erythroid progenitors, we applied colony
      erythroblasts derived from plasma clot marrow cultures from two healthy adults
      and two patients with newly diagnosed Ph1+ chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) to
      discontinuous Stractan density gradients. Erythroid colony proliferation by
      patient cells was increased relative to that of normal donor cells (P less than
      0.01). 'Endogenous' colonies appeared in patient but not in normal donor marrow
      cultures. Greater than 95% of nucleated cells equilibrating at rho greater than
      or equal to 1.071 were basophilic proerythroblasts. While analysis of chromosome
      spreads of normal donor cells in this fraction showed normal karyotypes, cells
      from patient marrow cultures were Ph1+, whether cultured in the presence or
      absence of added erythropoietin. These findings suggest that chromosome
      abnormalities of erythroid progenitors may be expressed by their progeny in
      tissue culture, and that Stractan may be a useful supporting medium for
      separating colony erythroblasts for chromosome analysis.

PMID- 6582925
TI  - Relationship between the per cent of marrow cells in S phase and the outcome of
      remission-induction therapy for acute nonlymphocytic leukaemia.
AB  - The relationship between the pretherapy cell cycle characteristics of leukaemic
      marrow cells and the outcome of remission-induction therapy for acute
      nonlymphocytic leukaemia was studied in newly diagnosed and relapsed patients who
      were then treated with either combination chemotherapy consisting of cytosine
      arabinoside/anthracycline antibiotic +/- 6 thioguanine or with single agent high
      dose cytosine arabinoside therapy. The outcome of high-dose cytosine arabinoside
      therapy was highly dependent upon the per cent of pretherapy cells in S phase
      with no remissions occurring in patients in whom the 3H-TdR labelling index was
      less than 6%. In contrast, the outcome of cytosine arabinoside/anthracycline
      antibiotic therapy was independent of the pretherapy cell cycle characteristics
      of the leukaemic cells.

PMID- 6582927
TI  - Temporomandibular joint dysfunction: a theory based upon electromyographic
      studies of the lateral pterygoid muscle.
AB  - Electromyographic investigations into the function of the two individual heads of
      the lateral pterygoid muscle in normal persons are compared with patients
      suffering the pain of temporomandibular joint dysfunction and those with painless
      clicks. The results indicate that the lower head of the lateral pterygoid muscle,
      normally active only when depressing, protruding and deviating the mandible,
      becomes active on closing and clenching in patients suffering pain. Patients with
      painless clicks behave as normals. These results are discussed and a theory is
      presented which suggests that temporomandibular joint dysfunction has a simple
      pathological basis.

PMID- 6582928
TI  - Morbidity associated with the use of antral packs and external pins in the
      treatment of the unstable fracture of the zygomatic complex.
AB  - One hundred and forty-seven patients with unstable fractures of the zygoma are
      discussed. Complications encountered during the treatment of such patients with
      antral packs and external pins are compared. These results are evaluated.

PMID- 6582929
TI  - Prognostic indicators for oral squamous cell carcinoma: a comparison between the
      TNM and STNMP systems.
AB  - One hundred and eighteen patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma were staged
      according to the TNM and STNMP systems. Although both staging systems separated
      patients into those with a good prognosis and those with a poorer prognosis the
      more sophisticated system (STNMP) did not provide any additional information. A
      possible explanation for this anomaly lies in the weighting used in the STNMP
      system.

PMID- 6582930
TI  - 'Turret exostosis' of the coronoid process.
AB  - A case is reported of Turret Exostosis of the Coronoid Process. This lesion is
      believed to bear a close relationship to the osteo-cartilagenous exostosis. The
      presentation and case management are described.

PMID- 6582931
TI  - A new immediate temporary lightweight obturator for maxillectomy cavities.
AB  - A method of producing a soft, comfortable, lightweight immediate obturator is
      described. This can be changed in an out-patient environment.

PMID- 6582932
TI  - An articulator modification for the planning of maxillary osteotomies.
AB  - A device to facilitate accurate laboratory planning of maxillary osteotomies is
      described. The modification of a standard Dentatus articulator can easily be
      fashioned by a maxillofacial technician.

PMID- 6582933
TI  - Oral submucous fibrosis: two cases of malignant transformation in Asian
      immigrants to the United Kingdom.
AB  - Three cases of oral submucous fibrosis are reported, two of which were associated
      with oral carcinoma. The disease is described and aspects of its clinical
      presentation, aetiology and treatment are discussed. It is argued that the
      condition is not as rare amongst Asian immigrants as the small number of reported
      cases might suggest and that early detection and follow up are important because
      of the risk of neoplasia.

PMID- 6582934
TI  - The influence of closure or dressing of third molar sockets on post-operative
      swelling and pain.
AB  - This study compares the influence of complete closure as opposed to partial
      closure and dressing of lower third molar sockets on post-operative pain and
      swelling, and on healing. These closure techniques were used on opposite sides of
      the mouths of each of 70 patients undergoing bilateral third molar surgery. The
      comparison of the two techniques within each individual patient showed that
      complete closure resulted in more pain and swelling post-operatively in a
      significant number of patients, but that the use of a dressing delayed
      satisfactory healing in a few patients.

PMID- 6582935
TI  - Anterior dislocation of the temporomandibular disc.
AB  - The suspected finding of partial or complete anterior dislocation of the temporo
      mandibular disc in many cases of long-standing temporo-mandibular joint
      dysfunction has been verified at operation. In a series of 33 patients involving
      45 joints, a simple operation is described in which the lateral border of the
      disc is anchored to the lateral margin of the glenoid fossa.

PMID- 6582937
TI  - Activities of fatty acid desaturases and fatty acid composition of liver
      microsomes in rats fed beta-carotene and 13-cis-retinoic acid.
AB  - The fatty acid composition of microsomal lipids and the activities of delta 9-
      and delta 6-desaturases in liver microsomes of rats fed diets supplemented with
      beta-carotene and two levels of 13-cis-retinoic acid were studied. Four groups of
      male, weanling rats were fed semipurified diets containing 0 or 100 mg beta
      carotene per kg diet, and 20 or 100 mg 13-cis-retinoic acid per kg diet. After 11
      weeks of feeding, the rats were killed, liver microsomes were prepared and
      assayed for delta 9-desaturase and delta 6-desaturase activities. The activity of
      delta 9-desaturase was lower in liver microsomes of rats fed beta-carotene
      supplemented diet or the diet supplemented with the higher level of 13-cis
      retinoic acid. Microsomal delta 6-desaturase activity was, however, higher in
      liver of rats fed 13-cis retinoic acid; there was no effect of beta-carotene on
      delta 6-desaturase activity. The fatty acid compositional data on total lipids of
      liver microsomes were consistent with the diet-induced changes in fatty acid
      desaturases. Phospholipid composition of liver microsomes was also altered as a
      result of feeding beta-carotene or 13-cis-retinoic acid-containing diets. The
      proportions of phosphatidylethanolamine were generally higher, whereas those of
      phosphatidylcholine were lower in the experimental groups as compared with the
      control.

PMID- 6582936
TI  - The use of fluorescamine as a permeant probe to localize phosphatidylethanolamine
      in intact friend erythroleukaemic cells.
AB  - Intact Friend erythroleukaemic cells (Friend cells) were incubated at 0-4 degrees
      C with increasing amounts of fluorescamine. Phospholipids were extracted and the
      amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine and of its fluorescamine derivative were
      determined. (1). The plasma membrane of intact Friend cells appeared to be
      permeable to fluorescamine in a concentration-dependent way. (2). Three pools of
      phosphatidylethanolamine could be detected as the fluorescamine concentration was
      raised. The two first pools were ascribed to the outer monolayer (16-17% of the
      total cellular phosphatidylethanolamine) and inner (17-18%) monolayer of the
      plasma membrane, respectively, indicating an essentially symmetrical distribution
      of this phospholipid. The third pool of phosphatidylethanolamine (66%)
      corresponds to the contribution of intracellular membranes. (3). These data were
      used in turn, to calculate the relative amount of each phospholipid class present
      in the plasma membrane. The results are in perfect agreement with those obtained
      by an independent method involving the use of sphingomyelinase C (Rawyler, A.,
      Roelofsen, B., Op den Kamp, J.A.F. and Van Deenen, L.L.M. (1983) Biochim.
      Biophys. Acta 730, 130-138). The present method is discussed in terms of its
      applicability for the localization of phosphatidylethanolamine in eukaryotic
      cells.

PMID- 6582938
TI  - Mapping of the c-sis oncogene on human chromosome 22 with respect to the
      breakpoint associated with chronic myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) cells are often characterized by the presence of
      a small chromosome 22, in which most of the q arm has been translocated to
      chromosome 9. Using cell hybrids containing different parts of chromosome 22 I
      have mapped the c-sis oncogene, which is known to be situated on chromosome 22,
      to a region distal to the CML breakpoint (22q112) and proximal to 22q13. This
      demonstrates that c-sis is translocated to chromosome 9 in CML cells.

PMID- 6582939
TI  - Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia according to FAB classification: analysis of 35
      cases.
AB  - Thirty-five patients who fulfilled the FAB diagnosis criteria of chronic
      myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), i.e., myelodysplastic features, monocytosis over
      10(9)/liter, bone marrow monocyte infiltration, blast cells less than 5% in the
      peripheral blood and less than 30% in the bone marrow, are analyzed. CMML appears
      as an entity distinct from myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative disorders.
      Splenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis with monocytes and
      granulocytic cells in all stages of development, increased blood and urine
      lysozyme levels without renal failure, and polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia are
      its main clinical and biologic features. With conventional cytotoxic drugs (6
      mercaptopurine, hydroxyurea), the prognosis of CMML appears poor (median survival
      475 days). None of the clinical hematologic or biologic parameters tested had a
      significant effect on prognosis. As other chemotherapy trials seemed necessary,
      we recently administered small doses of cytosine-arabinoside (ARA-C) to six
      patients over several consecutive days and obtained a complete remission in four.
      These preliminary results must be confirmed by larger series using the diagnostic
      criteria proposed by the FAB cooperative group.

PMID- 6582940
TI  - On the maturation order of AML cells: a distinction on the basis of self-renewal
      properties and immunologic phenotypes.
AB  - To investigate the heterogeneous cellular structure of human acute myeloid
      leukemia (AML), subpopulations of cells were distinguished by two combined
      criteria: proliferation and differentiation. Purified blast cells were
      fractionated from blood or bone marrow of patients with newly diagnosed AML and
      colonies and clusters grown in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-leukocyte feeder
      cultures. Large colonies, small colonies, macroclusters, and microclusters were
      recloned separately to assess the replicative capacities as a function of clone
      size. Large colonies showed higher proliferative capacities than did small ones,
      etc. Anti-Ia and an antigranulocyte (B4.3) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) were then
      employed to evaluate the stage of differentiation of AML cells in two patients
      before and following colony culture. Alterations of the immunologic phenotypes
      appeared during colony formation. This suggested differentiation of cells to more
      mature B4.3 granulocyte antigen-positive stages. MoAb-dependent cell lysis with
      the two antibodies was subsequently performed to assess the phenotypes of the
      precursors of the colonies and clusters. Leukemic colony-forming cells were Ia
      positive and B4.3-negative and different from cluster-forming cells, which were
      largely Ia-negative and B4.3-negative. These data suggest that the cell
      organization of AML fits a maturation scheme containing immature cells with
      relatively high proliferative capacities, intermediate cells with low
      proliferative capacities, and end cells that are nonreplicative, and each with
      specific phenotypes.

PMID- 6582941
TI  - [Use of vindesine in lymphangitic-type cutaneous recurrence of breast cancer].

PMID- 6582943
TI  - [Telecraniographic study of the maturation rhythm of the upper 2d molar].

PMID- 6582942
TI  - Patho-morphological studies on pin-pointed depression on the glabrous enamel of
      human tooth.

PMID- 6582944
TI  - [Pterygoclival area: the structure of stable superposition during growth].

PMID- 6582946
TI  - [Proceedings of the meeting of the International Group for Research in
      Stomatology and Dentistry at Nantes, 1983. Abstracts].

PMID- 6582945
TI  - The effects of calcium and vitamin D deficiencies on the pig mandibular bone.

PMID- 6582947
TI  - The central dark line in developing enamel crystallite: an electron microscopic
      study.

PMID- 6582948
TI  - [A case of nasoalveolar cyst].

PMID- 6582949
TI  - [A case of skeletal Class III malocclusion with underdevelopment of the middle
      part of the face and prominence of the mandible - with special regard to the
      effect of O.M.A].

PMID- 6582950
TI  - [Glycolysis of ascites Tawa sarcoma cells. Inhibitory effect of alanine on
      pyruvate kinase activity].

PMID- 6582951
TI  - [NADPH-specific dihydropteridine reductase from Macaca fascicularis liver. I.
      Purification and properties].

PMID- 6582952
TI  - [Immunological responsiveness of mouse lymphocytes to PPD].

PMID- 6582953
TI  - [Topical anesthetic effects of ethylaminobenzoate on the blink reflex of the
      cornea of male guinea pigs and on human gingiva].

PMID- 6582955
TI  - [Moire topography of children's palates].

PMID- 6582954
TI  - [The mechanism of action of an anti-inflammatory steroid on changes in vascular
      permeability: use of carrageenin-induced paw edema in mice as a model of
      inflammation].

PMID- 6582956
TI  - [An analysis of fluoride in rice].

PMID- 6582957
TI  - [Effect of ouabain and ethacrynic acid administration on saliva secretion in the
      rat submandibular gland].

PMID- 6582958
TI  - [Coupling state at the gamma point of SnO2 single crystals].

PMID- 6582959
TI  - [On the oral health habits and dental caries prevalence of junior high school
      pupils. I. The tendencies of pupils taught oral health education in
      kindergarten].

PMID- 6582960
TI  - Women with eating problems: a community survey.
AB  - A survey was conducted of the eating habits and attitudes of a sample of young
      adult women. Each woman was asked whether she considered herself to have an
      eating problem. The sample comprised 369 attenders at a family planning clinic.
      Self-report assessment procedures were used, including the Eating Attitudes Test
      (EAT) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Eating problems were reported
      by 20.6 per cent of the sample. Factors which strongly discriminated between
      those with an eating problem and the remainder were binge eating and a high score
      on the EAT. Other important factors were laxative use and high levels of
      psychological morbidity. Self-induced vomiting was only weakly associated with
      reporting an eating problem, and past and present weight were unrelated to such
      reports.

PMID- 6582961
TI  - Physiological basis for the use of potassium iodide as a thyroid blocking agent
      logistic issues in its distribution.

PMID- 6582962
TI  - Recommendations on the use of potassium iodide as a thyroid-blocking agent in
      radiation accidents: an FDA update.

PMID- 6582963
TI  - Risks in mass distribution of potassium iodide.

PMID- 6582964
TI  - Indications for using potassium iodide to protect the thyroid from low level
      internal irradiation.

PMID- 6582965
TI  - The second nuclear era.

PMID- 6582966
TI  - Psychological implications of nuclear accidents: the case of Three Mile Island.

PMID- 6582967
TI  - Symposium on the health aspects of nuclear power plant incidents. Public
      information and public relations needs.

PMID- 6582968
TI  - Public information during a nuclear power plant accident: lessons learned from
      Three Mile Island.

PMID- 6582969
TI  - Symposium on the health aspects of nuclear power plant incidents. Regional
      organization of medical care.

PMID- 6582970
TI  - Transport of irradiated or radioactively contaminated patients to the hospital.

PMID- 6582971
TI  - Symposium on the health aspects of nuclear power plant incidents. Decontamination
      procedures and risks to health care personnel.

PMID- 6582972
TI  - Diagnosis and therapy of radiation injuries.

PMID- 6582973
TI  - Symposium on the health aspects of nuclear power plant incidents. The
      Subcommittee on Environmental Health, Committee on Public Health of the New York
      Academy of Medicine.

PMID- 6582974
TI  - Symposium on the health aspects of nuclear power plant incidents. Introduction.

PMID- 6582975
TI  - Nuclear power plants: structure and function.

PMID- 6582977
TI  - Comments on potential nuclear accidents.

PMID- 6582976
TI  - Nuclear power plant malfunctions: potential types of exposure and severity.

PMID- 6582978
TI  - Whatever happened to reactor safety?

PMID- 6582979
TI  - The effects of high vs. low-level radiation exposure.

PMID- 6582980
TI  - The role of federal and state agencies in radiation accidents: a brief overview.

PMID- 6582981
TI  - The scope of Nuclear Regulatory Commission requirements for arrangements for
      medical services for contaminated injured individuals.

PMID- 6582982
TI  - Symposium on the health aspects of nuclear power plant incidents. Planning for
      protection and treatment: the State role.

PMID- 6582984
TI  - Health aspects of nuclear power plant incidents: role of the health department.

PMID- 6582983
TI  - Some aspects of emergency planning for nuclear reactor accidents by New York
      City.

PMID- 6582985
TI  - Health care lessons learned from the Three Mile Island incident.

PMID- 6582986
TI  - Antagonism of Ca2+ and other actions of verapamil in guinea-pig isolated
      trachealis.
AB  - In trachealis bathed by a K+-rich, Ca2+-free physiological salt solution, calcium
      chloride (CaCl2) at 0.01 to 10 mmol l-1 evoked concentration-dependent spasm.
      Verapamil (0.1 to 10 mumol l-1) was an effective antagonist of CaCl2. Spasm
      evoked by acetylcholine, histamine, potassium chloride (KCl) and
      tetraethylammonium (TEA) was studied in trachealis bathed by normal Krebs
      solution. Verapamil (0.1 to 10 mumol l-1) markedly suppressed spasm evoked by KCl
      and TEA. In contrast the actions of acetylcholine and histamine were much less
      affected by verapamil. Spasm evoked by prostaglandin E2 was studied in trachealis
      bathed by Krebs solution containing indomethacin (2.8 mumol l-1). Verapamil (0.1
      to 10 mumol l-1) had little or no effect against prostaglandin E2-induced spasm.
      Verapamil (0.1 to 10 mumol l-1) had relatively little effect on the tone of
      trachealis bathed by normal Krebs solution. In contrast bathing in Krebs solution
      lacking CaCl2 caused almost complete tone loss. Extracellular
      electrophysiological recording showed that verapamil (10 mumol l-1) suppressed
      not only TEA-evoked spasm but also TEA-evoked slow waves and spike potentials.
      Verapamil also abolished the transient period of slow wave activity associated
      with the spasm evoked by KCl. Intracellular electrophysiological recording showed
      that TEA-induced spike activity was resistant to tetrodotoxin (3 mumol l-1).
      However, verapamil (10 mumol l-1) abolished the tetrodotoxin-resistant spikes
      without increasing the resting membrane potential. It is concluded that verapamil
      suppresses TEA- or KCl-induced spasm, slow waves or spikes by inhibition of Ca2+
      influx. Spasm evoked by acetylcholine, histamine and prostaglandin E2 depends on
      mechanisms for increasing the cytoplasmic concentration of free Ca2+ which are
      resistant to verapamil. The failure of verapamil markedly to depress tissue tone
      is consistent with the proposal that tone results from the activity of endogenous
      prostaglandins.

PMID- 6582987
TI  - Pineal methoxyindoles depress calcium uptake by rat brain synaptosomes.
AB  - The effect of several pineal methoxyindoles on 45Ca2+-uptake was examined in a
      crude synaptosome preparation from adult rat brains. 5-Methoxytryptol, 5
      methoxytryptamine, melatonin and 6-chloromelatonin (10(-8)-10(-6) M) depressed
      significantly the K+-stimulated increase in Ca2+-uptake, without affecting the
      basal, unstimulated Ca2+-uptake by synaptosomes. At 10(-6) M concentration the
      following order of potency was found: 6-chloromelatonin greater than or equal to
      5-methoxytryptamine greater than 5-methoxytryptophol greater than or equal to
      melatonin. Serotonin did not affect significantly either basal or stimulated Ca2+
      uptake.

PMID- 6582989
TI  - [Dental cements for fillings and cementation. A comparative study of their
      mechanical characteristics using compression, shear and hardness tests].

PMID- 6582988
TI  - Survival in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia: effect of protocol and place of
      treatment.
AB  - The objective of this study was to determine the effect of place and type of
      initial treatment on survival from acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Every one of
      the 327 children under 15 years of age diagnosed with ALL from 1970 to 1975 in a
      31-county area designated the Greater Delaware Valley, were studied. Treatment
      according to protocol was associated with improved survival, yielding a 4 year
      survival of 60% vs 19% for nonprotocol treated patients (p less than 0.001).
      There was also a significantly improved survival rate among patients treated in a
      cancer center, especially for those with a low white blood count (WBC) at
      diagnosis. The prognostic importance of WBC, age, and sex was confirmed.

PMID- 6582990
TI  - [Occlusal relations in removable partial dentures].

PMID- 6582991
TI  - The scope and potential of biotechnology.

PMID- 6582992
TI  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation in acute monoblastic leukemia: response to
      heparin therapy.
AB  - A 27-year-old man with acute monoblastic leukemia had clinical and laboratory
      evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which was exacerbated
      by induction chemotherapy. Heparin therapy, adjusted according to the patient's
      clinical status and the results of coagulation studies, rapidly controlled the
      manifestations of DIC.

PMID- 6582993
TI  - Human histocompatibility antigens and survival in acute myelocytic leukemia.
AB  - Several previous reports have suggested an association between human
      histocompatibility antigens (HLA) and survival in acute myelocytic leukemia
      (AML). The authors have retrospectively analyzed the records of 104 consecutive
      newly diagnosed patients with AML treated on the Leukemia Service of the Johns
      Hopkins Oncology Center from March 1978 through May 1982 who had HLA typing
      performed to further evaluate this point. The authors have been unable to
      demonstrate a statistically significant association of HLA phenotype with the
      ability to achieve a complete response (CR), length of CR, survival of the total
      group of treated patients, or survival of only those patients achieving a CR (P
      less than 0.05). The available evidence does not strongly support a significant
      influence of HLA on survival in AML.

PMID- 6582994
TI  - Prognostic value of cytologic parameters in acute myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - The prognostic value of some current cytologic characteristics was assessed in
      174 adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) treated according to the
      AML-5 protocol of the EORTC Leukemia and Hematosarcomas Group. A significantly
      higher rate of complete remission (CR) was observed in patients with low bone
      marrow (BM) cellularity, with BM blasts less than 80%, and with Auer rod positive
      cells more than 2.5% of the total blast cell population. A leukocyte count of
      less than 50 X 10(9)/1 in the peripheral blood was also associated with a higher
      CR rate. No significant difference was found between the various French-American
      British (FAB) subtypes, in spite of a trend towards a lower CR rate in patients
      with an M1, myeloblastic, poorly differentiated, subtype. The leukocyte count and
      the percentage of Auer rod positive cells were the only significant parameters
      for duration of survival from the beginning of maintenance treatment. However
      these features had no prognostic value for the duration of remission. It seems
      therefore that patients with a higher percentage of Auer-rod-positive cells and
      lower peripheral leukocyte counts can enter remission more easily, and can also
      more readily achieve subsequent remissions following relapse. The prognostic
      value of these routine cytologic features is probably related to their
      relationship with proliferative activity and tumor burden: the percentage of Auer
      rod-positive cells correlates inversely with the leukocyte count, whereas
      leukocyte count, BM cellularity, and percentage of BM blasts are linked together.

PMID- 6582995
TI  - Urinary pteridines on patients suffering from cancer. A comment on the method and
      results of Rao and associates and of Trehan and associates.
AB  - A diagnostic test for detecting malignancies has been reported by Rao and
      associates. This test has been extended by Trehan and associates as an index of
      disease status in acute myeloblastic leukemic patients on antileukemic drugs. The
      authors were able to demonstrate that by using the described assay various
      pteridines are measured and not exclusively 6-hydroxymethylpterin as reported by
      the above-mentioned authors. Furthermore, the urinary component which correlates
      to the status of malignant disease has to be interpreted as being neopterin. This
      conclusion can be drawn from previous studies conducted by the authors'
      laboratory.

PMID- 6582996
TI  - Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia with a combination of intensive induction
      chemotherapy, early consolidation, splenectomy and long-term maintenance
      chemotherapy.
AB  - The authors developed a therapeutic regimen in which 33 patients aged 11 to 61
      years (mean +/- SE, 35.9 +/- 2.3 years) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were
      given intensive induction chemotherapy with Adriamycin (doxorubicin) (ADM),
      vincristine (VCR) and cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C). Twenty-nine of these patients
      (88%) attained a complete remission (CR) after 1, 2, or 3 courses and were then
      subjected to an early consolidation course of chemotherapy, identical to that for
      induction. After consolidation, all patients in CR received a long-term
      continuous maintenance therapy in which 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and methotrexate
      (MTX) were alternated, associated with periodic reinforcements with daunorubicin
      (DNR) and VCR. Twenty-five of the 29 patients who achieved a CR were
      splenectomized soon after the consolidation course. Histologic sections of the
      spleens, liver biopsy specimens, and lymph nodes, stained routinely and with the
      naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase (NCA) method, showed mature granulocytes and
      a few NCA positive mononuclear cells, but no proved leukemic infiltrates. For the
      25 splenectomized patients, the probability of remaining in CR at 36 and 54
      months was 75% and 66%, respectively; the probability of survival at 36 and 54
      months was 85% and 75%, respectively. Age older than 40 years and evidence of
      extramedullary involvement at presentation appeared to carry a bad prognosis for
      disease-free survival.

PMID- 6582998
TI  - Granulocytic sarcoma treated as an acute leukemia. Report of a case.
AB  - A young man presented with intestinal obstruction. Laparotomy revealed a large
      mass encircling the cecum and terminal ileum which histologically proved to be a
      granulocytic sarcoma. No evidence of leukemia was present in peripheral blood or
      bone marrow. Initial therapy consisted of abdominal irradiation. Two months
      following completion of irradiation, widespread systemic involvement without
      leukemia was evident. Systemic chemotherapy with doxorubicin, cytosine
      arabinoside, vincristine, and prednisone was initiated. Chemotherapy was
      continued for 18 months. The patient has remained without evidence of disease for
      49 months following discontinuation of treatment, and 67 months after initial
      diagnosis. Systemic therapy for granulocytic sarcoma presenting without evidence
      of leukemia is reviewed.

PMID- 6582997
TI  - Acute anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Comparative morphologic study of three
      analogues.
AB  - Chemotherapeutic use of anthracycline antibiotics is limited by their cardiotoxic
      effects. A potential solution to this problem is the development of anthracycline
      analogues retaining antitumor efficacy but without cardiac toxicity. An isolated
      perfused rabbit heart model was used to compare the nature and extent of early
      ultrastructural effects on the myocyte of three anthracycline analogues purported
      to have lesser cardiotoxicity than Adriamycin (doxorubicin). Seventeen rabbit
      hearts were perfused with oxygenated Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer at 39
      degrees C containing either Adriamycin (4 mg/L), daunomycin (10.6 mg/L),
      aclacinomycin (8 mg/L), or rubidazone (17.6 mg/L). For comparison, three hearts
      each were exposed to phosphoramide mustard (14.7 mg or 25 mg/L) or 4-hydroperoxy
      cyclophosphamide (24 mg or 17 mg/L), two active congeners of cyclophosphamide, an
      agent interacting with DNA differently than the anthracyclines and which is known
      to be cardiotoxic in high dose. Two hearts were exposed to dactinomycin (0.1 mg
      or 0.2 mg/L) which intercalates with DNA in a manner similar to the
      anthracyclines but which is not cardiotoxic. Ten control hearts were perfused
      with oxygenated buffer solution only. Light microscopic study disclosed no
      differences between treated and control hearts. Electron microscopic examination
      showed a striking and distinctive clumping of nuclear chromatin with clearing of
      chromatin from the nuclear membrane in all anthracycline treated hearts but in no
      hearts treated with 4-hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide, phosphoramide Mustard,
      dactinomycin, or control hearts. The nuclear effects of the four anthracycline
      analogues were indistinguishable. Thus, all anthracycline analogues studied
      produced acute nuclear alterations which were distinctive from the changes
      produced by other DNA interactive chemotherapeutic agents. The relationship of
      the distinctive anthracycline nuclear changes to the late cardiomyopathy requires
      further definition.

PMID- 6582999
TI  - Retinoid binding lipoprotein in neoplastic cells.
AB  - A lipid-protein aggregate (LPA), binding both retinol and retinoic acid, was
      detected in the cytosols of several human and murine tumor cells by gel
      filtration after incubation of cell extracts with labelled retinoids. In addition
      to this high Mr lipoprotein (Mr 2 X 10(6)) the cytosols also contained low Mr
      retinoid binding proteins (Mr 14,500). The amounts of retinoids bound to these 2
      distinct components were similar and both bound some 40-200-fold more retinol
      than retinoic acid. Retinyl palmitate hydrolase, copper and zinc were found in
      association with LPA. The LPA may be involved in subcellular
      compartmentalization, transport and function of retinoids.

PMID- 6583000
TI  - The expression of the myc proto-oncogene in a dimethylsulfoxide resistant HL-60
      cell line.
AB  - A cell line partially resistant to dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was derived from the
      HL-60 cell line. Cycloleucine, theophylline, sodium butyrate and elevated levels
      of DMSO were found to induce myeloid differentiation in this cell line while TPA
      induced monocytic differentiation. The levels of myc RNA and the genomic
      structure of the c-myc proto-oncogene were found to be the same in HL-60 and the
      resistant cell line. Differentiation of the DMSO resistant line was accompanied
      by a reduction in myc RNA levels.

PMID- 6583001
TI  - Combination chemotherapy in relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Chemotherapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who relapse during
      the course of initial treatment has been generally effective in inducing second
      complete remissions, but the duration of remissions has been very short. We used
      a combination of drugs, featuring weekly doses of L-asparaginase and cyclic
      boluses of dactinomycin, to maintain second complete remissions. Eight of ten
      patients who had had hematologic relapses subsequently entered a second complete
      remission, the median duration of which was 11.5 months. We conclude that this
      program resulted in a longer median duration of complete remission than most of
      the previously reported regimens for the treatment of relapsed childhood acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia. However, all patients eventually relapsed.

PMID- 6583002
TI  - Therapeutic modifications to the mineral ion composition of dental plaque.

PMID- 6583003
TI  - Alterations by Mg and F of the fermentative dissolution of F-varnished enamel by
      a streptococcal layer measured by a microhardness tester and a proton probe
      microanalysis.

PMID- 6583004
TI  - Sugar content, acidity and effect on plaque pH of fruit juices, fruit drinks,
      carbonated beverages and sport drinks.

PMID- 6583005
TI  - Effect of the length and number of intervals between meals on caries in rats.

PMID- 6583006
TI  - Effect of topical application of copper in combination with fluoride in drinking
      water on experimental caries in rats.

PMID- 6583007
TI  - Radiographic diagnosis of mineral loss in approximal enamel.

PMID- 6583008
TI  - Correlations of dietary intakes of calcium, phosphorus and Ca/P ratio with caries
      data in children.

PMID- 6583010
TI  - The general practitioner and the periodontist: competition or cooperation?

PMID- 6583011
TI  - The walking bleach technique for endodontically treated teeth.

PMID- 6583009
TI  - Analysis of X-ray-induced cell-cycle perturbations in mouse osteosarcoma cells: a
      two-signal cell-cycle model.
AB  - The effects of X-irradiation on mouse osteosarcoma cells have been studied by
      time-lapse cinematography and the resulting pedigrees have been analysed
      statistically. It is shown that the irradiation treatment causes three types of
      cell kinetic lesions: cell death (disintegration), cell sterilization (failure to
      divide) and proliferation delay. The first two lesions are the most important
      with regard to survival of the irradiated cell in a clonal assay. Of these two
      lesions, sterilization appears to be highly correlated for sister cells, while
      this is not true for cell disintegration. This indicates that cell survival in a
      clonal assay may be a function of the ratio of the incidences of these two types
      of lesions. The X-ray-induced proliferation delay was studied in terms of
      intermitotic time distributions, mother-daughter correlation and sibling
      correlation in relation to the current cell-cycle phase at the time of treatment.
      This analysis shows that the effects of irradiation on these cell-cycle
      characteristics is highly cell-cycle-dependent. A qualitative model to account
      for the observations is presented.

PMID- 6583012
TI  - Monoclonal antibody against K562 cell line accelerates killing of the target
      cells by large granular lymphocytes.
AB  - A monoclonal antibody (MoAb 11-4) was raised against K562, a human
      erythroleukemia cell line sensitive to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity
      (NK-CMC). Immunological analysis revealed MoAb to be IgG2b. Alone, the MoAb was
      not cytotoxic for K562 and did not bind to the effector cells, but the addition
      of this antibody to macrophage-depleted human peripheral blood lymphocytes
      increased killing of K562 in a 4-hr NK-CMC assay. The maximum increase in NK-CMC
      was observed when MoAb 11-4 was added to target cells prior to the formation of
      effector/target cell conjugates. This effect was dose dependent, was specific for
      K562, and, contrary to conventional antisera, occurred at very low concentrations
      of MoAb. When MoAb was added either to Percoll-purified large granular
      lymphocytes (LGL) or to LGL-depleted lymphocytes, only the latter demonstrated a
      significant increase in the killing of K562 in a 4-hr chromium release assay.
      Kinetics studies revealed that although the overall LGL-mediated lysis was only
      slightly increased at 4 hr, the maximum lytic activity was reached within 2 hr.
      These studies suggest that (1) human LGL and LGL-depleted cell populations bear
      Fc receptors for mouse IgG2b and (2) although the cytotoxic activities of both
      cell populations are increased by treatment with MoAb 11-4, the kinetics of this
      increase are different.

PMID- 6583013
TI  - Geriatric dentistry: developing a new philosophy of care.

PMID- 6583014
TI  - Drug prescribing for the elderly patient.

PMID- 6583015
TI  - Portable dental equipment for treating the confined elderly patient.

PMID- 6583016
TI  - Medical considerations of geriatric dentistry.

PMID- 6583017
TI  - Dental health is marketing.

PMID- 6583019
TI  - Occupational hazards in dentistry.

PMID- 6583018
TI  - A rational policy on the use of dental amalgam.

PMID- 6583020
TI  - Mercury spills and their subsequent sequelae.

PMID- 6583021
TI  - Pennsylvania study warns of possible mercury risks.

PMID- 6583022
TI  - "Mercury breath" ... how much is too much?

PMID- 6583023
TI  - Dental office computers not toys.

PMID- 6583024
TI  - Simple checklist can help ensure safe mercury usage.

PMID- 6583025
TI  - Changes in actin-related gelation of crude cell extracts during differentiation
      of myeloid leukemia cells.
AB  - Gelation of extracts of a myeloid leukemia cell line (Ml) was compared before and
      after differentiation induced with conditioned medium (CM) from rat embryo cells.
      Although an extract of Mml cells, a macrophage line derived from Ml line, gelled
      when warmed in the presence of 2 mM MgCl2, undifferentiated Ml cells gelled only
      after dialysis and a supplement of exogenous actin. After differentiation had
      been induced, an addition of exogenous actin, but not dialysis, was needed for
      gelation. Small amounts of KCl always inhibited the gelation of the control Ml
      cell extracts, but they promoted gelation of the CM-treated Ml and Mml cell
      extracts. Thus, the dialysis required for gelation of the control Ml cell extract
      appears to be necessary for the exclusion of endogenous KCl. Several possible
      mechanisms for the KCl control of gelation, as well as different requirements of
      exogenous actin needed for gelation are discussed based on the results of our
      experiments.

PMID- 6583026
TI  - Human tissue distribution of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)-methanesulfon-m-anisidide (NSC
      141549, AMSA).
AB  - Concentrations of AMSA were determined by HPLC in autopsy tissue samples from
      five patients who had received the drug antemortem. Relative organ concentrations
      of AMSA varied from patient to patient; however, concentrations were generally
      highest in gallbladder, liver, and kidney, while low levels were generally but
      not invariably found in lung, testicle, muscle, fat, spleen, bladder, pancreas,
      colon, prostate, and brain. One patient with ventricular fibrillation and
      seizures had high tissue AMSA concentrations in myocardium, but low
      concentrations in brain. Another patient with seizures during treatment had high
      brain concentrations of AMSA. Relative organ concentrations were similar to those
      found in mice, except that mice have high AMSA concentration in their spleens
      whereas our patients did not, even when the spleen was infiltrated with leukemic
      cells. High tissue concentrations of AMSA were still present 2 weeks after
      treatment. AMSA concentration was lower in a renal oncocytoma (1.1 micrograms/g)
      than in surrounding kidney (2.4 micrograms/g).

PMID- 6583027
TI  - Modification of oral methotrexate absorption in children with leukemia.
AB  - The effect of administering oral methotrexate in different formulations to
      children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was evaluated. Methotrexate tablets
      alone achieved higher mean plasma levels and larger area under the absorption
      curve than either methotrexate liquid alone or methotrexate tablets taken
      concurrently with metoclopramide.

PMID- 6583028
TI  - A bioluminescence assay for total 3 alpha-hydroxy bile acids in serum using
      immobilized enzymes.
AB  - A bioluminescence assay for bile acids was developed using a co-immobilized 3
      alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, diaphorase, and bacterial luciferase. The
      assay was specific for bile acids containing a free 3 alpha-hydroxyl group, as
      well as androsterone. Light output was linear over a bile acid concentration
      range of 1-20 000 pmol. Intra-assay precision was 6.2-8.2% and the recovery of
      added standards was 92-110%. Comparison of results using the bioluminescence
      assay with those using gas liquid chromatography revealed an excellent
      correlation (r = 0.99, n = 31). Since the bioluminescence assay is rapid,
      sensitive, specific, and uses inexpensive reagents, it appears to be an ideal
      method for the measurement of total bile acids in serum.

PMID- 6583029
TI  - Veiled cells in chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease.
AB  - The mononuclear cell system in the human gut wall of patients with Crohn's
      disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and normal controls was studied, with
      special reference to the so called antigen presenting veiled cells. These cells
      have already extensively been studied in the skin and are known as Langerhans'
      cells in the epidermis and dermis, veiled cells in the skin lymph and
      interdigitating cells in lymph nodes. Recently they were also found in gut
      associated lymphoid tissue, i.e. Peyer's patches of the rat. Here we describe the
      presence of similar cells in chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease
      (CIBD). They resemble veiled cells in moving pattern, strong Ia positivity, no or
      only weak acid phosphatase activity, and ultrastructure. However, many of the
      described cells combine these characteristics with those of phagocytic
      macrophages. In the gut wall of controls veiled cells were virtually absent and
      phagocytic macrophages were almost exclusively recognized. These findings suggest
      that more intensive antigen handling takes place in the gut wall of CIBD patients
      than in normal gut. Clear cut associations with sex, age, duration or activity of
      disease were not observed in this limited study, and the exact significance of
      the presence of such cells needs further clarification.

PMID- 6583030
TI  - Elimination of an anaerobic mycoplasma from a human erythroleukemic cell line,
      K562.
AB  - A human erythroleukemic cell line, K562, contaminated with an anaerobic
      mycoplasma, was freed of the mycoplasma by passage through nu/nu mice. The
      mycoplasma-free K562 retains its ability to satisfactorily act as a target cell
      in the natural cytotoxicity assay.

PMID- 6583031
TI  - Deficient DR antigen expression on human cord blood monocytes: reversal with
      lymphokines.
AB  - Expression of DR antigen on cord blood (neonatal) human monocytes using
      complement-mediated cytotoxicity with anti-DR alloantisera and fluorescent
      activated cell sorting (FACS) utilizing a battery of anti-DR mouse monoclonal
      antibodies was assessed. Forty preparations of neonatal cord blood monocytes were
      purified by adherence and elution from plastic petri dishes: lymphocyte
      contamination was less than 5% as indicated by esterase and peroxidase stains and
      cell sizing. By cytotoxicity tests 22 +/- 5.5% (SD) of neonatal monocytes
      expressed DR compared to its expression on 78.6 +/- 3.1% of adult monocytes. By
      FACS analysis, the frequency of DR expression on neonatal monocytes was 19-33%
      compared to 71-82% for adult monocytes. Incubation of neonatal monocytes with
      concanavalin A (Con A) or phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human peripheral
      blood mononuclear cell culture supernatants (lymphokine) or recombinant
      interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) increased the expression of DR antigens in a dose-
      and time-dependent manner. A Con A-supplemented culture supernatant of
      unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells had no effect on DR expression.
      Neonatal monocytes that were pretreated with anti-DR and complement in order to
      remove DR-positive cells were induced to express DR antigen after 2 days in
      culture with lymphokine. Thus DR-negative neonatal monocytes can be induced to
      express DR antigen. These results suggest a correctable maturational deficiency
      of neonatal monocytes. The inducibility of DR antigen expression by lymphokines
      and recombinant IFN-alpha suggests that they play an important role in the
      regulation of immune responses.

PMID- 6583032
TI  - Quantification of P-32 removed during leukapheresis by bremsstrahlung counting.
AB  - The activity of P-32 removed during leukapheresis of a patient previously
      administered P-32 for therapy of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) was
      determined. The bremsstrahlung produced by P-32 beta rays in the pheresis bags
      allowed the quantitation of radioactivity by well counting in a sodium iodide
      detector and by a gamma camera. Bremsstrahlung counting demonstrated that
      leukapheresis removes such a small amount of radioactivity that the therapeutic
      effect of a previously administered P-32 dose was still valid. Bremsstrahlung
      counting offers advantages to a Nuclear Medicine Department over the conventional
      use of a liquid scintillation counter to detect P-32 beta rays in that it is
      simpler and more readily available.

PMID- 6583034
TI  - Prognostic significance of the revised French-American-British classification for
      acute lymphocytic leukaemia.
AB  - The French-American-British (FAB) classification of acute lymphocytic leukaemia
      (ALL) has recently been modified to improve its reproducibility. We therefore
      thought it beneficial to test the utility of this modified classification in the
      prognosis of children with ALL. Eighty-eight patients of less than 18 years of
      age with ALL were subtyped according to the modified FAB classification by two
      independent observers. The initial concordance was 86%. Seventy per cent of the
      patients were subtyped as L1, 27% as L2 and 3% as L3. Patients with L3 subtype
      were not analysed further. No significant differences were observed between L1
      and L2 subtypes when the distribution of other prognostic factors were examined.
      No differences were observed between L1 and L2 subtypes in the achievement of
      complete remission. Patients with L1 morphology demonstrated no significant
      increased duration of first remission or survival when compared to patients with
      L2 morphology. We conclude that the morphology of lymphoblasts may not be an
      independent prognostic variable in patients with ALL.

PMID- 6583035
TI  - Anaphylactic transfusion reaction associated with a possible anti-A2m(1).
AB  - A 42-year-old leukaemic black male developed shortness of breath, itching, hot
      flushes, substernal pain, marked hypotension, and cardiorespiratory arrest after
      the infusion of 50 ml of pooled platelet concentrates. The patient had had one
      previous and uneventful red blood cell transfusion. Serologic studies of this
      patient's post-transfusion serum showed the presence of an antibody against one
      denatured IgA2 protein with the phenotype A2m(1 + 2-). All of the platelet donors
      were A2m(1) positive. The patient was successfully transfused with platelets from
      donors with the phenotype A2m(1 - 2+). Although 35.8% of Blacks and 30.0% of
      Chinese are A2m(1) negative, this is the first reported transfusion reaction
      associated solely with the occurrence of a possible anti-A2m(1) in an individual
      of the type A2m(1 - 2+).

PMID- 6583033
TI  - Effect of uninephrectomy on urinary prostaglandin E2, F2 alpha, and 6
      ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha excretion in rats.
AB  - Male Wistar rats were used to examine whether renal prostaglandins (PG)
      contribute to functional compensatory changes in the remaining kidney after
      uninephrectomy. Total urinary excretion of PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha, a metabolite of PGI2, was measured before and during 11 days after surgery
      in uninephrectomized (UNX, n = 8) and sham-operated control (S, n = 9) rats.
      Urine volume was increased for the UNX rats on days 2-8 after surgery, but not
      thereafter, and urine osmolality for UNX was decreased on post-surgery days 1-9;
      total urinary sodium excretion did not differ between the two groups. Urinary
      PGE2 excretion was decreased in the UNX rats to 50% of S rat values, except on
      post-surgery days 2 and 3, when values for the two groups were not significantly
      different. Urinary PGF2 alpha excretion by the UNX rats was reduced to 50% of S
      rat values throughout the post-surgery period. In contrast, the urinary excretion
      of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha by the UNX rats did not differ significantly from that by
      the S rats, except on a single day. Chronic renal functional adaptation to renal
      mass reduction does not depend on increased renal prostaglandin systems activity;
      however, increased intrarenal PGE2 activity in the remaining kidney might be a
      factor in compensatory adjustments during the first days after surgery.

PMID- 6583036
TI  - Time trends in exposure to optimally fluoridated water supplies among Australian
      adolescents.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to examine yearly increments in exposure,
      cumulative exposure, and mean proportion of lifetime exposure to optimally
      fluoridated water supplies of Australian adolescents over the period 1960 to 1978
      and to conditionally predict trends in those exposure measures from 1979 to 1990.
      The basis of the study was the history of the introduction of water fluoridation.
      Yearly increments were found to have been most varied, but cumulative exposure
      has continued to increase from a negligible level in 1960 to approximately two
      thirds of adolescents being exposed in 1978. Proportion of lifetime exposure was
      represented by a smooth sigmoidal curve with time-lagging of successive curves
      for higher ages between 12 and 17-yr-old. Proportion of lifetime exposure was
      predicted to increase through to 1990 and 1996 for 12- and 17-yr-olds,
      respectively. This prediction showed little sensitivity to yearly increment
      conditions from 1979 to 1990.

PMID- 6583037
TI  - Risk factors for various levels of periodontal disease and treatment needs in
      Iowa.
AB  - A cross-sectional study of the non-institutionalized population of the State of
      Iowa was completed in 1980. Persons were interviewed by telephone and a follow-up
      dental examination was conducted in the home. Periodontal treatment needs were
      measured using the WHO-621 Index of Periodontal Treatment Needs which has been
      modified and is now known as the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs.
      Findings were consistent with other recent studies, which have shown a relatively
      high proportion of gingival bleeding and calculus. Although moderate pocket
      formation (3-6 mm) occurs in approximately 30% of the adult population, complex
      treatment needs (pockets 6 mm or greater) occurred in only 1.3% of the
      population. While sex did not significantly affect the distribution of
      periodontal needs; age, recency of visit to the dentist and income are possible
      risk factors for serious periodontal disease.

PMID- 6583038
TI  - Dental health in a group of drug addicts attending an addiction-clinic.
AB  - The present study was undertaken to investigate the dental health of a group of
      parenteral drug addicts. The study population comprised 134 persons with a mean
      age of 25 yr (min. 18, max. 37) examined in 1977-81. Mean DMFT was 18.3 and mean
      DMFS was 50.2, approximately twice as much as found in comparable age groups in
      Denmark. Even free smooth surfaces were often involved. The oral hygiene was
      measured by the use of the Visible Plaque Index (VPI) and the Bleeding Index
      (BI). Both indices were high, mean VPI = 77.4 and mean BI = 71.3. 12-40% of the
      teeth selected had a loss of periodontal attachment of more than 4 mm. It is
      suggested that not only drug abuse, but also factors like low social status, low
      education and different barriers towards receiving dental treatment should be
      considered in a multifactorial cause-effect relationship. The effect of offering
      a free dental care system for this high-risk group will be dealt with in another
      paper.

PMID- 6583039
TI  - Five-year evaluation of a dental care delivery system for drug addicts in
      Denmark.
AB  - The present study describes the experiences and results of the first 5-year
      period of a municipal dental clinic offering free dental care to drug addicts.
      One of the many problems was the instability of this socially deprived group
      whose erratic life style made it impossible to maintain regular dental care. The
      DMFS level of the drug addicts was 50.2 and mean caries increment per yr was 2.5
      (1.3 new surfaces and 1.2 surfaces with recurrent decay). The caries increments
      among the present drug abusers and the individuals on methadone maintenance were
      higher than among the previous drug addicts, 3.1 and 1.3 surfaces per yr
      respectively, but this difference was not statistically significant. Only slight
      improvement in oral hygiene (VPI) could be demonstrated whereas gingivitis (BI)
      remained unaltered. Traumatic injuries of the orofacial region were frequent. The
      mean time expenditure concerning dental treatment was 5 hr per individual in the
      initial treatment phase but decreased to 1-2 h per individual per yr. Broken
      appointments and last minute cancellations were as a rule related to drug/alcohol
      abuse. The mean number of fillings was 8.2 per individual in the initial
      treatment phase and 1.7 per yr for individuals in a maintenance phase. The poor
      dental health of the drug addicts seems closely related to their life style
      habits and the clue to an improvement would probably follow the cure of the drug
      abuse and a concurrent resocialization.

PMID- 6583040
TI  - Costs of school-based mouthrinsing in 14 demonstration programs in USA.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine the economic costs of school-based
      mouthrinsing in the demonstration programs. Costs for two complete years were
      expressed in 1978 dollars, and divided into explicit and implicit categories.
      Costs per participant were found to vary among programs (ranges of average total
      costs - period I: $2.35-$8.05, period II: $1.46-$7.94), and a tendency for some
      average costs to increase with size was identified. That costs were higher than
      the conventionally reported $0.50-$1.00 reflects 1) the organization of these
      federally funded programs and, 2) the use of an accounting method which describes
      the real economic costs of public programs.

PMID- 6583041
TI  - Measurement of dental caries experience--modification of the DMFT index.
AB  - The DMFT index is one of the simplest and most commonly used indices in
      epidemiologic surveys of dental caries. It quantifies dental health status based
      on the number of carious, missing and filled teeth. The index, however, does not
      provide an accurate description of previous dental care. Nor does it provide
      information regarding the severity of the carious attack or the indicated
      treatment. Thus, a revision of the DMFT index was developed. This involved a
      division of the "D" component into four separate categories. With the addition of
      these categories, the index remains simple, and yet provides a description of
      one's previous dental experience. It further shows the extent of dental services
      needed by the population, which can be interpreted in terms of treatment hours
      and costs. This modified index has been successfully utilized in a dental
      epidemiologic survey of 1672 schoolchildren, 14-16 yr of age. It was apparent
      that the additional components provided significant data for treatment planning
      as well as dental health status.

PMID- 6583043
TI  - Relationship between fluoridation and socioeconomic status on dental caries
      experience in 5-year-old New Zealand children.
AB  - This article examines the relationship between fluoridation and socioeconomic
      status on caries experience, as measured by the dmf index, in 5-yr-old New
      Zealand children in the city of Dunedin (fluoridated in 1967) and in adjacent non
      fluoride communities. The children were subdivided into six socioeconomic status
      groups (SES 1, professional and managerial-SES 6, unskilled workers), but then
      for simplicity they were combined to form three groups. A two-way analysis of
      variance demonstrated that interaction between fluoride history and socioeconomic
      status was not significant. In all three SES groups, dmf was higher in non
      fluoride communities, but the difference was significant only in SES group (5&6)
      (P less than 0.01). Caries experience increased with decreasing socioeconomic
      status in both fluoride and non-fluoride communities, but this effect was only
      significant between SES groups (1&2) and (3&4) in the fluoridated community (P
      less than 0.05), and between SES groups (3&4) and (5&6) in non-fluoride
      communities (P less than 0.01). These results are compared with those of similar
      studies, and it is concluded that so far, the relationship between fluoridation
      and socioeconomic status on caries experience remains equivocal. A note of
      caution is sounded regarding the interpretation of such results, and the
      difficulties faced when comparing studies is discussed.

PMID- 6583042
TI  - Epidemiologic study of the association between alcohol habits and oral
      leukoplakia.
AB  - In a house-to-house survey in Ernakulam district, Kerala State, 10914 individuals
      were interviewed for their tobacco and alcohol habits and examined for the
      presence of oral leukoplakia. Very few females (1.6%) were found to be alcohol
      users and they were excluded from further analysis. Among 7604 males, 30.4% used
      alcohol regularly, 25.4% occasionally and 44.2% were non-users. The prevalence of
      leukoplakia was significantly higher among regular (5.7%) and occasional (3.9%)
      users than among non-users (2.9%) of alcohol. Alcohol usage was found to be
      related to age as well as tobacco habits. The prevalence of leukoplakia was
      higher among alcohol users in each age-group as well as in each tobacco habit
      category. After age-adjustment the difference between alcohol users and non
      users, although reduced, remained significant. For most tobacco habit categories
      the trend remained similar after age-adjustment except for the mixed habits
      group, for which there was a reversal of the trend. The alcohol habit may,
      perhaps, produce discernible effects only in association with other 'weak'
      etiological risk factors, such as a single tobacco habit of smoking or chewing
      rather than a 'strong' etiologic factor such as the mixed habits of chewing and
      smoking.

PMID- 6583044
TI  - Prevalence of dental caries in a group of adult Vietnamese refugees in Norway.
AB  - About 3500 Vietnamese refugees have settled in Norway since 1975. The purpose of
      this survey was to investigate the dental health of 200 Vietnamese refugees, 142
      males and 58 females above the age of 12 years. The clinical examinations were
      done 3 weeks after arrival in Norway and included decayed, extracted and filled
      surfaces and teeth (DMFS and DMFT). The sample was divided into four age groups,
      12-19, 20-29, 30-39 and 40+. Only 9% of the sample was cariesfree. Mean DMFT
      ranged from 8.7 in the youngest age group to 11.5 in the oldest. DMFS scores
      consisted primarily of decayed surfaces and mean DS did not vary much in the
      different age groups. The examinations revealed a higher prevalence of caries in
      the permanent second molars than in the permanent first molars in all age groups.
      The present study seems to support previous reports on the caries situation of
      the Vietnamese which have indicated a dramatic rise in the caries prevalence. In
      this study the average DMFT was similar to other Asian populations, but less than
      Norwegians of comparable age. The results suggest a high treatment need in the
      Vietnamese refugees.

PMID- 6583045
TI  - Restoration of Class IV lesions and fractures with acid-etch composite.

PMID- 6583046
TI  - Case report: a patient with severe periodontitis in conjunction with adult-onset
      diabetes.

PMID- 6583047
TI  - Oral cryotherapy.

PMID- 6583048
TI  - The effects of thumbsucking on orofacial structures and speech: a review.

PMID- 6583050
TI  - Alternate delivery systems - boon or blight?

PMID- 6583049
TI  - Upgrading dental care in a Third-World nation.

PMID- 6583051
TI  - Graft-versus-host disease in a patient with acute lymphoblastic lymphoma.
AB  - A young man with acute lymphoblastic lymphoma on chemotherapy developed acute
      graft-versus-host disease following nonirradiated blood transfusions during a
      period of pancytopenia. The importance of the cutaneous manifestations, in
      particular the histopathologic changes, in facilitating an early diagnosis of the
      disease are stressed. The question of irradiating blood transfusions for
      immunosuppressed patients with malignancies is discussed.

PMID- 6583052
TI  - Breathing and feeding. Can you have one without the other?

PMID- 6583053
TI  - A follow-up study of the development of Rauscher erythroleukemia.
AB  - Expression of cell membrane antigens recognized by antiserum raised against
      purified Friend murine leukemia virus (Fr-MuLV) envelope glycoprotein (gp71) and
      by xenotropic MuLV-coded cell surface antigen (XenCSA) specific antibodies was
      studied in the course of the development of Rauscher erythroleukemia in the
      spleen of Balb/c mice. DNA content vs immunofluorescence or light scattering of
      cells were simultaneously analyzed. At early stages of the disease (4-5 days
      after infection) the gp71 and XenCSA-related antigen expression is enhanced
      mainly on S-G2/M-phase cells as compared to the majority of G1-phase cells or to
      the endogenous background of uninfected cells. Later (around 10 days after
      infection) an approximately ten-fold increased gp71-related antigen density is
      reached in every phase of the cell cycle. These data show that the virus-induced
      transition from resting to proliferating state is coupled to enhanced expression
      of both helper and defective viral env-gene products in the cell membrane of
      mitotic and G1-phase cells as well.

PMID- 6583054
TI  - Reduction in prostaglandin-induced gastric cytoprotection following laparotomy.

PMID- 6583055
TI  - [Leukemic retinal infiltrate in acute myeloid leukemia in remission].

PMID- 6583056
TI  - DNA-binding protein that induces cell differentiation.
AB  - Macrophage and granulocyte-inducing (MGI) proteins regulate the growth and
      differentiation of myeloid hematopoietic cells. One class of these proteins (MGI
      1) induces cell growth and another class (MGI-2) induces cell differentiation.
      Results obtained with DNA-cellulose column chromatography have shown that the
      differentiation-inducing protein MGI-2 can bind to double-stranded cellular DNA,
      but that there was no such binding under the same conditions by the growth
      inducing protein MGI-1. DNA binding may thus be used to separate MGI-2 from MGI
      1. The MGI-2 from mouse bound to DNA from mouse and calf. There were different
      elution peaks of the MGI-2 bound to DNA suggesting a heterogeneity of MGI-2
      molecules, and the last peak eluted from the DNA cellulose column was enriched
      for one of the molecular forms of MGI-2. After one further step of purification
      by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, this molecular form of MGI-2 was active at
      a concentration of 6.5 X 10(-11) M. In normal development MGI-1 induces MGI-2.
      This induction of a DNA-binding differentiation-inducing protein by a growth
      inducing protein is an efficient mechanism for the normal coupling of growth and
      differentiation. It is suggested that this may also be a mechanism for the normal
      coupling of growth and differentiation in other types of cells.

PMID- 6583057
TI  - Purification and characterization of 3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate: N-desulfoheparan
      sulfate sulfotransferase from arterial tissue.
AB  - A 3'-phosphoadenylsulfate: N-desulfoheparan sulfate sulfotransferase (EC
      2.8.2.12) was purified 450-fold from the microsomal fraction of calf arterial
      tissue and separated from 3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate:chondroitin sulfotransferase
      (EC 2.8.2.5) activity. The enzyme has optimal activity at neutral pH, requires
      divalent cations (Mn2+, Mg2+, Ca2+) for maximal activity and exhibits specificity
      towards N-desulfoheparan sulfate, N,O-desulfoheparan sulfate and oligosaccharides
      derived therefrom. N,O-desulfoheparan sulfate tetrasaccharides serve as acceptor
      substrates only if the nonreducing terminus is occupied by glucuronic acid (not
      iduronic acid). The N,O-desulfoheparan sulfate sulfotransferase transfers
      [35S]sulfate from 3'-phosphoadenylyl[35S]sulfate to the 2-amino groups and to the
      6-hydroxy groups of glucosamine units of the acceptor substrates. The ratio of
      N/O-sulfation ranged between 3:1 and 2:1. O-[35S]Sulfated unsaturated
      disaccharides were obtained from enzymatically labelled [35S]N-desulfoheparan
      sulfate by heparitinase degradation and subsequent deamination. Evidence for the
      O-sulfation at C-6 of the glucosamine units was provided by isolation of
      anhydromannose [35S]monosulfate, which was formed from uronosylanhydromannose
      [35S]monosulfate by beta-glucuronidase treatment. An N-desulfo-N-[1
      14C]lacetylheparan sulfate deacetylase activity was copurified with the N
      desulfoheparan sulfate sulfotransferase.

PMID- 6583058
TI  - Effects of several anti-inflammatory drugs on the various parameters involved in
      the inflammatory response in rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy.
AB  - In rat carrageenin pleurisy, both steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
      drugs (SAID and NSAID respectively) produced a dose-related reduction of exudate
      volume and of prostaglandin (PG)E2 contents in the exudate at 3 h after
      carrageenin. However, with the exception of ketoprofen, administration of all the
      NSAID in low doses resulted in a significant reduction of PGE2 contents with no
      significant reduction in exudate volume. NSAID reduced leucocyte number and total
      activities of lysosomal enzymes in the exudate at 3 h after carrageenin only at
      the higher doses, while SAID did so in a dose-related manner. Both SAID and NSAID
      reduced the arylsulfatase activity released into the exudate (free activity) dose
      relatedly but not the free activity of beta-glucuronidase at 3 h after
      carrageenin. However, some drug treatments resulted in a lower reduction in free
      arylsulfatase activity than in exudate volume. These results suggest that the
      reduction of PGE2 contents may be the main contribution to the anti-exudative
      activities of anti-inflammatory drugs in rat carrageenin pleurisy and that this
      effect may be complemented by the reduction of free activity of lysosomal enzymes
      such as arylsulfatase.

PMID- 6583059
TI  - Pharmacological characterisation of a novel tachykinin isolated from mammalian
      spinal cord.

PMID- 6583060
TI  - Comparison of craniofacial growth in an Australian aboriginal and Danes,
      illustrated by longitudinal cephalometric analyses.

PMID- 6583061
TI  - Effect of increased posterior displacement of the glenoid fossa on mandibular
      growth: a methodological study on the rabbit.

PMID- 6583062
TI  - The effect of early interceptive treatment in children with posterior cross-bite.

PMID- 6583063
TI  - A histomorphometric study of orthodontically induced root resorption.

PMID- 6583064
TI  - An investigation into the initial discomfort caused by placement of an archwire.

PMID- 6583065
TI  - Dental development assessed by tooth counts and its correlation to somatic
      development during puberty.

PMID- 6583066
TI  - Early treatment of unilateral posterior crossbite in children with bilaterally
      contracted maxillae.

PMID- 6583067
TI  - The photography of orthodontic study models.

PMID- 6583068
TI  - Evidence for a heterogeneous response to erythropoietin in the CFUE pool of human
      bone marrow.
AB  - To determine whether the CFUE pool within human bone marrow is heterogeneous with
      respect to erythropoietin (Epo) requirements, we studied CFUE growth in vitro as
      a function of Epo exposure time. We controlled the Epo exposure time by
      overlaying plasma clot cultures containing 0.5 U/ml Epo with an antibody prepared
      against human Epo. All cultures were grown for seven days. Benzidine-positive
      colonies containing eight or more cells were counted as CFUE. Colonies containing
      eight cells required at least 24-50 h of Epo exposure, and those containing 16
      cells required at least 70-90 h of Epo exposure. After 50 h, the number of CFUE
      progressively increased until it reached a maximum at seven days of Epo exposure.
      These results suggest that the CFUE pool within human bone marrow is
      heterogeneous with respect to Epo requirements.

PMID- 6583070
TI  - Sex preselection.

PMID- 6583069
TI  - Myeloid differentiation in liquid cultures of cells from patients with chronic
      myeloid leukemia: effects of retinoic acid and indomethacin.
AB  - To study the effects of retinoic acid (RA) and indomethacin on myeloid
      differentiation, normal and chronic myeloid leukemic (CML) bone marrow cells
      lighter than 1.065 g/ml were incubated in liquid cultures and grown in agar.
      Retinoic acid (RA) (10(-8) M and 10(-6) M) increased the number of clusters (3-40
      cells) formed in agar and also increased the neutrophil production in liquid
      cultures. Indomethacin (10(-6) M) did not change the cell growth in agar. In
      liquid culture, however, more macrophages and fewer neutrophils were produced in
      the presence of indomethacin. The results suggest that RA enhances neutrophil
      production by stimulating the proliferation and maturation of a cluster-forming
      cell within the myeloblast-promyelocyte compartment. The stimulatory effect of
      indomethacin on macrophage production is probably secondary to its inhibition of
      prostaglandin synthesis, which inhibits the proliferation of monocyte precursor
      cells. No major differences were noted between CML and normal cells in their
      responses to RA or indomethacin.

PMID- 6583071
TI  - [Periodontal status in childhood diabetes].

PMID- 6583072
TI  - [Sedation analgesia in dentistry and oral surgery].

PMID- 6583073
TI  - [Structure and composition of salivary calculi].

PMID- 6583074
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy in clinical dental research. Methodology for
      clinical & laboratory studies.

PMID- 6583075
TI  - Surgical uncovering & luxation of impacted teeth as an alternative to extraction.

PMID- 6583077
TI  - The status of community water fluoridation in Florida.

PMID- 6583076
TI  - Tooth damage linked to public pool by Center for Disease Control.

PMID- 6583078
TI  - Alternative isolation techniques in conjunction with rubber dam application.

PMID- 6583079
TI  - Health care costs are sickening!

PMID- 6583080
TI  - Stress can cause decay, too.

PMID- 6583082
TI  - Beating the clock: time management strategies for the dental office.

PMID- 6583081
TI  - Financial philosophy for the dentist.

PMID- 6583083
TI  - [Retrograde obturation of 2 lateral canals: solution in a clinical case].

PMID- 6583084
TI  - [Light polymerization using the Fotofil device for different composite
      materials].

PMID- 6583085
TI  - [Indications for periodontal and conservative therapy in wrongly treated Class V
      caries].

PMID- 6583086
TI  - [Mandibular fractures: apropos of a personal case study of 87 cases].

PMID- 6583088
TI  - [Food consistency as an etiopathogenetic element in malocclusion].

PMID- 6583087
TI  - [Apicoectomy with retrograde obturation in the posterior teeth].

PMID- 6583090
TI  - [The Lucie Frey or auriculo-temporal syndrome].

PMID- 6583089
TI  - [Plates for occlusal clearance].

PMID- 6583091
TI  - [Reliability of parapulp support in the coronal reconstruction of silver amalgam
      in posterior teeth].

PMID- 6583092
TI  - [Evaluation of dento-dental discrepancies in patients with prognathic syndrome].

PMID- 6583094
TI  - [Oral hemangioma: a clinical case].

PMID- 6583093
TI  - [Finish of the margins of casts of nickel-chromium alloys].

PMID- 6583095
TI  - [Correlation between facial height and body height during the prepubertal
      period].

PMID- 6583096
TI  - [Clinical pharmacology of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in pain
      following oral surgery].

PMID- 6583098
TI  - [The role of the orthodontist].

PMID- 6583097
TI  - [Concentration of antibiotics in various jaw tissues: concentration of
      spiramycin. IV].

PMID- 6583100
TI  - [Mounting of functiographs in the articulator].

PMID- 6583099
TI  - [Non-hardening silicon materials for facial prosthesis preparation].

PMID- 6583101
TI  - [Thermal expansion of dental alloys and dental ceramics].

PMID- 6583102
TI  - [The admissions test for the master's degree program 1983: 36 dental technicians
      endure a difficult test].

PMID- 6583104
TI  - [Training the dental technician. Bending of wires. 11].

PMID- 6583103
TI  - [Use of metal alloys in dentistry].

PMID- 6583105
TI  - [Causes and effects of distortion in materials].

PMID- 6583106
TI  - In Oklahoma, denturism is not a controversy, its a no-holds-barred brawl.
      Interview by Joe Neel.

PMID- 6583107
TI  - Elevating standards is of critical concern to dental laboratory study clubs.
      Interview by Carl M. Caplan.

PMID- 6583108
TI  - Is your letterhead giving you away?

PMID- 6583109
TI  - Technicians' salaries keep pace with inflation.

PMID- 6583110
TI  - Talk your problems away.

PMID- 6583111
TI  - Raise pride and productivity with a computer.

PMID- 6583112
TI  - If the price is right, buy the business.

PMID- 6583113
TI  - Associating with a good egg.

PMID- 6583114
TI  - Entering private practice via associateship route. Part I.

PMID- 6583115
TI  - Mortgaged futures?

PMID- 6583116
TI  - Hispanic dentist serves as role model.

PMID- 6583117
TI  - Afraid to use nitrous?

PMID- 6583119
TI  - The decorator made me do it.

PMID- 6583118
TI  - Minimizing the hazards of radiation exposure.

PMID- 6583120
TI  - Buy-in agreement important aspect of associateship. Part III.

PMID- 6583121
TI  - Hepatitis vaccine pluses outweigh threat of AIDS.

PMID- 6583122
TI  - Adequacy of projected dental school enrollment.

PMID- 6583123
TI  - Mouth protectors, trauma care top sports dentistry agenda.

PMID- 6583125
TI  - Dental community's role in the Olympic movement.

PMID- 6583124
TI  - Incorporating sports into private practice.

PMID- 6583126
TI  - Finding a suitable associate position. Part IV.

PMID- 6583127
TI  - Coping with patients of various species.

PMID- 6583128
TI  - Study skills essential for dental school success.

PMID- 6583129
TI  - Dental advertising: boon or bane?

PMID- 6583130
TI  - Complete dental charting a medicolegal obligation.

PMID- 6583131
TI  - [Thermodisinfection. An alternative or supplement to instrument maintenance?].

PMID- 6583132
TI  - Application of 31P n.m.r. to inborn errors of muscle metabolism.

PMID- 6583133
TI  - Plasma prostaglandin activities in some immuno-inflammatory diseases.
AB  - In the present study the relationship between plasma prostaglandins (PGs) level
      and the immuno-inflammatory reactions, known to accompany bronchial asthma and/or
      schistosomiasis infection, was investigated. It was found that plasma PGF2 alpha
      increased significantly above the control values in 30 asthmatics, 30
      schistosomal and 30 asthmatic schistosomal patients. Plasma PGE increased also
      together with that of PGF2 alpha which is considered to be useful for the
      protection of the patient against the injurious effects of the infection, due to
      the known opposing actions of PGE to those of PGF2 alpha.

PMID- 6583134
TI  - [Genetic polymorphism of transferrins in Bovinae].
AB  - Variability of transferrins in Bovinae is controlled by two loci: Tf (the locus
      of structural transferrin gene) and T (the locus of a gene responsible for
      protein modification). Originally, the ancestors of Bovinae, like the other
      ruminants, had the R type of transferrin (T-/T- genotype, inactive T gene). Later
      on, the T gene activation occurred and the B type appeared (T+/T-, T+/T+
      genotypes). The subsequent evolution of Bovinae was accompanied by almost
      complete fixation of T+ allele. In one of the Bovinae representatives (Bos taurus
      L.) the frequency of T- allele remained at the level of approx 0.1. A hypothesis
      is proposed which explains the change of the transferrin type in Bovinae by
      imitation of multiple allelic forms of this protein present in Tf heterozygotes,
      by supplementary modificatory multiple transferrin forms arising on activation of
      the minor gene (T+). This process is assumed to involve the reduction of Tf locus
      variability. Since this hypothesis proceeds from the assumption of TF
      heterozygote advantage, the question is considered, whether this assumption is
      compatible with high polymorphism of Tf locus which significantly exceeds that
      for other loci.

PMID- 6583135
TI  - The Cincinnati Lipid Research Clinic family study. Bivariate path analyses of
      lipoprotein concentrations.

PMID- 6583136
TI  - Cytochemical study of the ovary cells in the chick embryo.
AB  - In the present work, cytochemical studies of mucosubstances, 3-beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and lipids in the different cellular types of chick
      embryo female gonads were performed, at 7, 11, 15, and 19 days of embryonal
      development. Oocytes from the cortical zone of the left ovary were characterized
      by the presence of a juxtanuclear cytoplasmic cap, which was basophilic, PAS
      positive, alcianophilic and acidophilic and was related to Balbiani's vitelline
      body. These staining characteristics either decreased or disappeared from 15 days
      in oocytes of the normal left ovary medulla as well as in oocytes of the atrophic
      right ovary.

PMID- 6583137
TI  - [Orofacial development under difficult conditions].

PMID- 6583138
TI  - [The effect of a vestibular screen on impaired basal breathing].

PMID- 6583139
TI  - [Torque characteristics of steel and nitinol wires].

PMID- 6583140
TI  - [Tongue pressure or inherited susceptibility as a primary cause of infraclusion
      or impaction of deciduous molars?].

PMID- 6583142
TI  - [The profile from the orthodontic viewpoint].

PMID- 6583141
TI  - [Progressive, post-traumatic deciduous tooth reinclusion].

PMID- 6583143
TI  - [The profile from the artistic viewpoint].

PMID- 6583144
TI  - [The enhancement of profile and skull radiographic images using the logetronic
      contrast adjustment method].

PMID- 6583145
TI  - [Computer-assisted cephalometry using the Bergen technic].

PMID- 6583146
TI  - [Cephalometry using computers and new appliances in orthodontics].

PMID- 6583147
TI  - [Comparative measurements of radiation dosages in orthodontic practice using 3
      panoramic tomographic units].

PMID- 6583148
TI  - [Root length of upper canines and orthodontic therapy].

PMID- 6583149
TI  - [Indications for 3 treatment systems in orthodontics].

PMID- 6583150
TI  - [Indications for removable activator appliances].

PMID- 6583151
TI  - [Indications for functional orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6583152
TI  - [Indications for fixed orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6583153
TI  - [Effects of scoliosis on the facial bones].

PMID- 6583154
TI  - [Treatment- and growth-related changes in the profile of cleft patients].

PMID- 6583155
TI  - Renal ketone body metabolism. Distribution of 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase and 3
      hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase along the mouse nephron.
AB  - Two enzymes of ketone body metabolism, 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase and 3
      hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase were measured with ultramicromethods to map their
      activities along single, dissected segments of mouse nephron. 3-Oxoacid CoA
      transferase activity was assayed with a radiochemical procedure by separating
      [14C]succinyl-CoA, formed in the presence of acetoacetyl-CoA from [1,4
      14C]succinate. This procedure, when compared to the spectrophotometric method,
      resulted in similar activities in mouse organ homogenates. 3-Hydroxybutyrate
      dehydrogenase activity was determined with sufficient sensitivity by using NADH
      dependent luciferase. The dehydrogenase exhibited only 5% of the activity of the
      3-oxoacid CoA-transferase when measured in mouse kidney cortex homogenates. Both
      enzymes were found to be present in all nephron structures studies. The specific
      activity related to tubular protein, which was determined in parallel in all
      segments dissected, exhibited a typical distribution pattern along the nephron.
      Both enzymes roughly paralleled each other along the structures of the distal
      nephron. They exhibited high activities in the thick ascending limb of Henle's
      loop and the distal convoluted tubule, but decreased to nearly 20% in the
      segments of the collecting tubule. In the proximal convoluted and straight tubule
      3-oxoacid CoA-transferase activity was almost equal. In contrast, 3
      hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase increased by a factor of 5 from the convoluted to
      the straight portion. This heterogeneity along the proximal tubule remained when
      pure D-hydroxybutyrate was used as substrate, but was not found when rat or
      rabbit nephron segments were analysed. Lowest activities of enzymes were
      recovered from glomeruli and thin descending limbs of Henle's loop. The results
      obtained allow for the conclusion that 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate can be
      metabolized in all structures of the mouse nephron with different capacities in
      various segments. With the exception of the relatively low activity of 3
      hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in the proximal convoluted tubule, the distribution
      pattern mirrors the distribution of mitochondria along the rat nephron. The
      results point to the possible role of ketone bodies as energy fuels for nephron
      segments performing active transport processes.

PMID- 6583156
TI  - The pathologist's role in the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma in
      children.
AB  - Tumor specimens from 24 children under 15 years of age were studied. The children
      had osteosarcoma and received intra-arterial infusions of cis-platinum before
      resection or amputation. There were 13 boys and 11 girls, and the median age was
      12 years. Fifteen lesions were located in the femur, four in the humerus, three
      in the tibia, one in the pubis, and one in the radius. Sixteen patients underwent
      diagnostic needle biopsies and the remainder, open biopsies. Eleven patients had
      excellent tumor response, with over 90 per cent tumor destruction in six and 65
      to 75 per cent in five. One patient had 50 per cent tumor destruction, and in
      nine patients the response was insignificant. Two patients had good clinical
      responses to treatment and refused limb amputation; one additional patient died
      of the disease without amputation or resection. The systematic study of pathology
      specimens is being undertaken to determine the utility of such a study as a guide
      to the selection of adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients in whom no responses are
      obtained should receive alternative treatment, and those in whom responses are
      optimal should retain the original agent in their adjuvant chemotherapy regimen.

PMID- 6583157
TI  - Assignment of the gene for cystathionine beta-synthase to human chromosome 21 in
      somatic cell hybrids.
AB  - Among several established mouse, rat, and Chinese hamster cell lines that were
      screened for cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) activity, mouse 3T3 and Chinese
      hamster Don fibroblasts were found to contain no detectable activity. Somatic
      cell hybrids between human fibroblasts KG-7 with normal CBS activity and
      Don/a23TK- cells (series XXI) were examined for CBS activity and for human
      chromosome content. Only chromosome 21 cosegregated with CBS activity. Because
      the activities measured could represent either Chinese hamster or human gene
      products, we have prepared a new series of hybrids between Don/a23TK- cells and
      mutant human fibroblasts from a patient with homocystinuria due to deficiency of
      functional CBS mRNA. None of these (series XXV) hybrids contained detectable CBS
      activity, although collectively all human chromosomes were represented. Our
      results suggest that the human gene for CBS, called CBS, and thus for the most
      common form of homocystinuria, is located on chromosome 21.

PMID- 6583158
TI  - Isochromosome 6p, a unique chromosomal abnormality in retinoblastoma:
      verification by standard staining techniques, new densitometric methods, and
      somatic cell hybridization.
AB  - Study of chromosome rearrangements in retinoblastoma tumors revealed that all
      tumors contained either an unusual isochromosome and/or extra copies of
      chromosome 1q. Extra copies of chromosome 1q occur in many malignancies. The
      pattern of G-bands suggested that the isochromosome was derived from either the
      short arm of chromosome 6, i(6p), or the long arm of chromosome 17, i(17q).
      Standard staining techniques using G-, C-, Q-, and R-banding; high resolution G
      banding; and density profile analysis were consistent with the characteristic
      isochromosome of retinoblastoma being i(6p), rather than i(17q). This conclusion
      was substantiated by the analysis of segregants derived from retinoblastoma X
      mouse hybrid cells which had been grown in bromodeoxyuridine to select for loss
      of chromosome 17. The unique isochromosome was not lost under these conditions
      confirming that it is an i(6p) rather than an i(17q). The i(6p) abnormality has
      not been observed frequently in other tumors, but occurs in 60% of retinoblastoma
      tumors. Thus, although the mutation predisposing to retinoblastoma is known to
      map at 13q14, somatic amplification of genes on 1q and 6p may play a role in the
      pathogenesis of this tumor.

PMID- 6583159
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies to mouse MHC antigens. I. Serologic characterization of ten
      anti-H-2 and anti-Ia reagents.

PMID- 6583160
TI  - [Hunter's glossitis].

PMID- 6583161
TI  - [Cephalometric study of the problem of relapse after sagittal splitting of ramus
      for correction of skeletal open bite].

PMID- 6583162
TI  - [Secondary effects of a removable passive lingual arch wire].

PMID- 6583163
TI  - The treatment of vital pulps. 1. Diagnosis and aetiology.

PMID- 6583164
TI  - The treatment of vital pulps. 2. Treatment to maintain pulp vitality.

PMID- 6583165
TI  - Ultraviolet light as an aid to endodontic diagnosis.

PMID- 6583166
TI  - The quenching of ultraviolet fluorescence in human dentine following the use of
      dental materials containing eugenol.

PMID- 6583167
TI  - Facial emphysema during endodontic treatment--two case reports.

PMID- 6583168
TI  - Physical properties of root canal sealers: measurement of flow, working time, and
      compressive strength.

PMID- 6583169
TI  - [A review of immunopathology of importance to dentistry (IV). Oral manifestations
      present in systemic diseases].

PMID- 6583170
TI  - [Influence of restorative treatment on the periodontium].

PMID- 6583171
TI  - [Epidemiologic study on dental caries in a school-age population in Ferrara:
      considerations on the cost of treatment and prevention of caries].

PMID- 6583172
TI  - [Lipoma of the parotid. Description of a case and review of the literature].

PMID- 6583173
TI  - [The median cephalometric value of the relation between the maxillary and
      mandibular basal architecture, using a modified arch method in a sample of the
      adult female Italian population].

PMID- 6583174
TI  - [The sagittal relation of the craniofacial skeletal base as analysed by 3
      cephalometric methods based respectively on angle, line and arch value].

PMID- 6583175
TI  - [Contribution of light and scanning electron microscopy to the study of
      hypercementosis].

PMID- 6583176
TI  - [A rare case of complete bone impaction of a primary molar. Therapeutic
      considerations].

PMID- 6583177
TI  - [Autogenous transplantation of the upper impacted canines].

PMID- 6583178
TI  - [Neuromuscular system in the physiology and physiopathology of occlusion].

PMID- 6583179
TI  - [Fractures of the temporo-mandibular joint in clinical practice].

PMID- 6583180
TI  - [Comparative study on the healing of intra-oral surgical wounds and on the
      formation of post-operative edema].

PMID- 6583181
TI  - [Introduction to the use of free autogenous grafts of keratinized fibromucosa of
      the mouth].

PMID- 6583182
TI  - [Clinical indications for the use of free autogenous grafts of keratinized
      fibromucosa of the mouth. I: Periodontal indications].

PMID- 6583183
TI  - [Clinical indications for the use of free autogenous grafts of keratinized
      fibromucosa of the mouth. II: Non-periodontal indications].

PMID- 6583184
TI  - [Corrosion of dental amalgam].

PMID- 6583185
TI  - [Current topics in the epidemiology of partially and completely edentulous
      patients].

PMID- 6583186
TI  - [Partially edentulous patients: etiology and functional changes].

PMID- 6583187
TI  - [The masticatory system: function].

PMID- 6583188
TI  - [The masticatory system: mandibular dysfunction].

PMID- 6583189
TI  - [The masticatory system: parafunction].

PMID- 6583190
TI  - [Ellis-van Creveld syndrome or chondroectodermal dysplasia. (Description of a
      clinical case)].

PMID- 6583192
TI  - [Lesions due to occlusal trauma in the periodontium and dental pulp].

PMID- 6583191
TI  - [Eagle's syndrome: a case report].

PMID- 6583193
TI  - [Concordant monocytic leukemia in twin infants].
AB  - Acute monocytic leukemia was diagnosed almost simultaneously in 6-month-old male
      identical twins. Inspite of chemotherapy one twin died of disseminated
      intravascular coagulation with pulmonary haemorrhage; the other one, however,
      went into long-term remission. Conception of the twins had taken place inspite of
      intrauterine device (copper T).

PMID- 6583194
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of imipenem in healthy volunteers.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of imipenem were evaluated in four studies involving 49
      healthy men, several of whom participated in more than one study. Within a dose
      range of 150 to 1000 mg, imipenem was found to give high plasma concentrations,
      proportional to the size of the dose. The half life in the beta-phase was about 1
      h in 48 subjects with normal renal function and about 80 min in one subject with
      a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of about 50 ml/min/1 X 73 m2. The volume of
      distribution in the central compartment was about 101. Co-administration of
      imipenem with probenecid resulted in a slight but significant increase of the
      plasma half life and a corresponding increase of the area under the plasma
      concentration curve (AUC). The renal excretion of imipenem was characterized by
      low urinary recovery (UR) of imipenem. That was in agreement with findings by
      others that in animals, imipenem undergoes renal metabolism by a dipeptidase,
      dehydropeptidase I, located to the brush border of the proximal tubular cells.
      There was a very high degree of between-subject variability of the UR with values
      varying from about 5% to more than 40% of the dose. Comparing the results
      obtained after several administrations of imipenem to the same subjects, a small
      within-subject variability was found. Co-administration of imipenem with
      inhibitors of the dehydropeptidase MK0789 or MK0791 (cilastatin), resulted in a
      uniform increase of the imipenem UR to about 70% of the dose irrespective of the
      degree of metabolism when imipenem was given alone. The effects of the inhibitors
      on the plasma kinetics of imipenem were an increase of the AUC by about 20% and a
      proportional decrease of the plasma clearance (VClp) while the plasma half life
      remained unaffected. Testing various ratios of imipenem and the inhibitors and
      using incremental data, it could be demonstrated that an increase of the
      imipenem/cilastatin ratio resulted in a prolonged inhibition of the renal
      metabolism. Optimal inhibition seemed to be achieved at a ratio of 1:1 between
      imipenem and cilastatin. A practical consequence of the inhibition of renal
      metabolism by cilastatin was that high urine concentrations were maintained for
      longer periods when the combination was given than when imipenem was administered
      alone. In all subjects, imipenem and the inhibitors were well tolerated and the
      only adverse reaction observed was nausea during infusion, observed in one
      subject.

PMID- 6583196
TI  - Clinical perspectives on imipenem.

PMID- 6583195
TI  - Safety and tolerance comparison of imipenem-cilastatin to cephalothin and
      cefazolin.
AB  - Imipenem-cilastatin was compared, in two multicentre clinical trials, with
      cefazolin or cephalothin, in their efficacy, safety, and tolerance. Safety and
      tolerance for imipenem-cilastatin was similar to that of these two
      cephalosporins. There were more transient liver function test changes in the
      imipenem-cilastatin group, but the frequency was similar to that for beta-lactams
      in general. There were similar numbers of cases of transient neutropenia in each
      group. Clinical side effects were few for the treatment groups and all drugs were
      well tolerated.

PMID- 6583197
TI  - Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to imipenem.
AB  - The in vitro susceptibility of 157 anaerobic bacteria to imipenem was compared
      with that to cefoxitin, latamoxef (moxalactam) and clindamycin. The isolates were
      cultured from clinical specimens submitted to Tufts Anaerobic Laboratory between
      January 1981 and March 1983. Two strains of Bacteroides fragilis only, were
      highly resistant to imipenem. The incidence of cefoxitin resistance in the Bact.
      fragilis group has increased at Tufts-New England Medical Center. The data
      indicate that imipenem is the most active beta-lactam drug against anaerobic
      bacteria, including Bact. fragilis group of organisms. The only difference, since
      our original studies with thienamycin, is the recognition of two imipenem
      resistant strains of Bact. fragilis.

PMID- 6583198
TI  - Comparative imipenem treatment of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in the rat.
AB  - The efficacy of imipenem alone or in association with gentamicin against
      Staphylococcus aureus experimental endocarditis was compared to the efficacy of
      cloxacillin alone or in association with gentamicin. Parenteral treatment was
      started 24 h after intravenous bacterial challenge of rats with catheter-induced
      aortic valve vegetations. The cloxacillin MIC and MBC for Staph. aureus were
      0.125 and 32 mg/l and the imipenem MIC and MBC 0.008 and 8 mg/l, respectively. In
      vitro killing curves showed a synergistic effect between cloxacillin and
      gentamicin, and an additive effect between imipenem and gentamicin. Only large
      doses of cloxacillin (400 mg/kg tid) (producing serum levels above those obtained
      after intravenous injection of 2 g in man) achieved results comparable to those
      of imipenem 80 mg/kg tid (producing serum levels similar to those obtained after
      an intravenous dose of 750 mg in man) in reducing the bacterial numbers in
      vegetations after 3 and 5 days of treatment. There was a significantly greater
      reduction of bacterial numbers in vegetations after treatment with the
      association of cloxacillin and gentamicin than with cloxacillin alone. In
      contrast, the addition of gentamicin to imipenem did not improve significantly
      the results of treatment with imipenem alone, but imipenem alone was as good as
      the combination cloxacillin and gentamicin after 5 days of treatment. We conclude
      that imipenem is a highly bactericidal drug in this animal model, worth
      considering for clinical trials in the treatment of Staph. aureus infections.

PMID- 6583199
TI  - Imipenem therapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia in neutropenic rats.
AB  - Rats were made neutropenic by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of cyclophosphamide.
      Those neutropenic (mean white blood cell count of 470/mm3) rats were challenged
      intraperitoneally with Pseudomonas aeruginosa to assess the efficacy of single
      agent therapy with either imipenem, latamoxef (moxalactam) or amikacin, or
      combination therapy with imipenem-amikacin or latamoxef (moxalactam)--amikacin.
      Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in rats to assure that therapy was
      equivalent during therapeutic trials. Three levels of bacterial challenge (4
      LD50, 13 LD50 and 250 LD50) were examined. At all challenge levels, single agent
      therapy with latamoxef (moxalactam) failed to significantly protect rats from
      fatal bacteraemia. Single-agent therapy with amikacin did significantly protect
      rats from fatal bacteraemia at the lower challenge levels, but not at the 250
      LD50 challenge. Single agent therapy with imipenem significantly protected rats
      at all challenge. Single agent therapy with imipenem significantly protected rats
      at all challenge levels. In-vitro studies established a synergistic effect when
      combination antibiotics were used. This correlated with in-vivo findings that
      combination therapy resulted in improved rat survival and recovery of fewer Ps.
      aeruginosa isolates. The latamoxef (moxalactam)-amikacin combination was more
      effective than either agent alone, but was not more effective than imipenem
      alone. The imipenem-amikacin combination was the most effective therapeutic
      regimen tested. These results suggest that imipenem alone, and particularly when
      combined with an aminoglycoside, is effective in treating serious Ps. aeruginosa
      infections in neutropenic rats. Clinical studies in infected immunocompromised
      patients may be warranted.

PMID- 6583200
TI  - Chromosomal mapping of Bacillus thuringiensis by transduction.
AB  - Three groups of linked markers were mapped in Bacillus thuringiensis 4042B by
      using two-, three-, and four-factor crosses mediated by the temperate
      bacteriophages TP-13 and TP-18. The order of markers was (trp-11, trp-2)-(leu-1,
      leu-2)-his-1-(lys-1, lys-2)-cys-1 in the first group; met-1-(argCl, argOl)-met-2
      (pyr-1, pyrA2) in the second group; and met-3-pur-1-(nal-1, nal-2)-str-1-(pur-2,
      pur-4)-pur-3 in the third group. Electron microscopic measurements of head sizes
      suggested that the volume of the TP-13 phage head is seven times greater than
      that of the TP-18 phage head. The TP-18 genome was shown by DNA restriction
      analysis to have a molecular mass of 36 megadaltons. TP-13 was useful for
      scanning large segments of the B. thuringiensis chromosome, and TP-18 was
      effective for ordering markers too closely linked for simple resolution with TP
      13.

PMID- 6583201
TI  - Dinucleotide priming of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II.
AB  - Mammalian RNA polymerase II was shown to utilize dinucleoside monophosphates for
      priming of promoter specific RNAs. In a reconstituted system containing purified
      polymerase and HeLa cell fractions, dinucleotides were incorporated by
      complementarity with template sequences at the in vivo cap sites of the
      adenovirus major late and adenovirus early region IV promoters. Incorporation was
      shown by label transfer experiments and by determining the size of 5'-terminal
      RNase T1-resistant oligonucleotides. All 16 dinucleotides were tested for priming
      of RNA chains at the major late promoter. RNA polymerase II initiated with
      various primers over a contiguous region of 9 bases, centered around the in vivo
      initiation site. We suggest that the polymerase drifts or oscillates over this
      region. Using a dinucleotide challenge protocol, the rate of initiation at the
      major late promoter was measured following preincubation of the template DNA with
      RNA polymerase II and factors. Initiation with ATP was 90% complete within the
      1st min after addition of nucleotide triphosphates. Stimulation of transcription
      by dinucleotides was not observed, due to this rapid initiation. The 5'-hydroxyl
      terminus of dinucleotide-primed RNAs remained unmodified. Although transcripts
      initiated with ATP were rapidly capped in whole cell extracts, ATP-primed RNA
      synthesized in the reconstituted system retained free 5'-terminal phosphates.
      Thus, capping was not essential for synthesis of long runoff RNAs.

PMID- 6583202
TI  - Rapid phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of specific proteins induced by phorbol
      ester in HL-60 cells. Further characterization of the phosphorylation of 17
      kilodalton and 27-kilodalton proteins in myeloid leukemic cells and human
      monocytes.
AB  - Treatment of the promyelocytic leukemic cells, HL-60, with phorbol-12-myristate
      13-acetate (PMA) results in arrest of growth and terminal differentiation of the
      cells into macrophages. We have reported that within minutes following exposure
      of these cells to PMA there is an increase of severalfold in phosphorylation of
      two cytosol proteins: 17-20 kDa (pp17, pI approximately 5.5) and 27 kDa (pp27, pI
      approximately 5.5) as detected in the intact cells by two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis. In this report, by analyzing the chase kinetics of 32Pi in
      cellular proteins, we show that PMA treatment induces a rapid and specific loss
      of 32Pi from pp17 and pp27. Comparison with kinetics of [3H]leucine loss from
      these proteins indicates that this effect is due to induction by PMA of rapid
      turnover of phosphate in pp17 and pp27. This activity persisted in HL-60 for at
      least 24 h and was also seen in two other cell types studied (U937 leukemia and
      normal monocytes). The Ca2+ channel blocker, nifedipine, had no effect on PMA
      induced 32Pi turnover in pp17, while trifluoroperazine, which is known to inhibit
      protein kinase C, blocked these events and also inhibited other cellular effects
      of PMA (adherence and growth arrest). Thus, induction of rapid 32Pi turnover in
      pp17 and pp27 may be an essential early signal in initiating and maintaining
      cellular effects of PMA. Myosin light chain (20 kDa), another phosphorylated
      protein, was shown to be not identical with pp17, although of similar Mr.

PMID- 6583203
TI  - Regulation of casein kinase II by 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate in erythroid cells.
AB  - The hemoglobin regulator, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (glycerate-2,3-P2) has been
      shown to modulate the activity of casein kinase II from rabbit reticulocytes.
      Kinetic results were obtained with the exogenous substrate, beta-casein and the
      endogenous substrates, initiation factors (eIF-) 2 and 3. Experiments carried out
      to determine the interaction between glycerate-2,3-P2, Mg2+, substrate, and
      casein kinase II led to the following conclusions: 1) glycerate-2,3-P2 inhibition
      was competitive with respect to the protein substrate and noncompetitive with
      respect to ATP; 2) inhibition was not caused by depletion of ATP-Mg2+ as a
      consequence of Mg2+ complexation with glycerate-2,3-P2; 3) the response curve for
      glycerate-2,3-P2 was cooperative, but the cooperativity decreased as salt
      concentration increased; 4) glycerate-2,3-P2 inhibition was dependent on Mg2+
      concentration up to about 5 mM MgCl2 but did not parallel glycerate-2,3-P2 X Mg2+
      complex formation indicating that the Mg2+ dependence was not due to the
      formation of a glycerate-2,3-P2 X Mg2+ complex; 5) experiments with analogs of
      glycerate-2,3-P2 showed that the binary phosphate grouping was important in
      determining inhibition by glycerate-2,3-P2 while the presence of the carboxylate
      phosphate pair was much less important; 6) low levels of glycerate-2,3-P2
      stimulated phosphorylation of beta-casein, eIF-2, and eIF-3; the extent of
      stimulation was dependent on the affinity for casein kinase II and the level of
      the substrate. These effects were observed in the range of glycerate-2,3-P2
      concentrations predicted for intracellular fluctuations in this metabolite.
      Therefore, it was concluded that glycerate-2,3-P2 could function both as an
      activator and an inhibitor of casein kinase II in the erythroid cell by binding
      at the substrate binding site.

PMID- 6583204
TI  - Migration, genetic markers and race admixture in Curitiba, Brazil.

PMID- 6583205
TI  - 4'-Epi-Doxorubicin -- a clinical phase-II trial in solid tumors.
AB  - 4'-Epi-doxorubicin is a new anthracycline analog with reduced cardiac toxicity in
      animal studies. A phase-II study was performed in 17 patients predominantly with
      non-small-cell lung cancer. All suffered from recurrent or advanced tumors and 7
      of 16 evaluable patients had been pretreated with an alternative chemotherapy. 4'
      Epi-doxorubicin was applied at a dose of 75 mg/m2 every 3-4 weeks. The median
      total dose was 280 mg (range: 130-250 mg). Only one patient with epidermoid lung
      cancer (overall response rate: 6%) showed a minor response and stable disease was
      observed in six other patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Myelosuppression was
      rare and moderate: leukocytopenia of less than 2,000/mm3 occurred in 25% of
      patients and thrombocytopenia of less than 100,000/mm3 in 8% of patients. The
      frequency of alopecia and gastrointestinal side effects was 88% and 80%,
      respectively. Persistent electrocardiographic alterations were recorded in 2 of
      14 (14%) patients. One of four patients revealed a marked reduction of left
      ventricular ejection fraction in radionuclide cardiography. It is concluded that
      4'-epi-doxorubicin is not superior to adriamycin in this low-prospect treatment
      area, but studies with increased doses appear necessary in adriamycin-sensitive
      tumors because of recent reports from phase-III trials showing reduced cardiac
      and gastrointestinal toxicity with 4'-epi-doxorubicin in comparison with
      adriamycin.

PMID- 6583206
TI  - Dependence of HL-60 myeloid cell differentiation on continuous and split retinoic
      acid exposures: precommitment memory associated with altered nuclear structure.
AB  - The cell differentiation of HL-60 human leukemic promyelocytes along the myeloid
      pathway due to various continuous and distributed exposures to retinoic acid was
      studied. HL-60 myeloid differentiation was a continuously driven process;
      significant terminal cell differentiation occurred only after a minimum exposure
      to inducer of two division cycles. Cells so committed to differentiation retained
      a heritable, finite memory of differentiation commitment over a further division
      cycle. Prior to becoming committed, cells acquired precommitment memory of
      exposure to inducer. Precommitment memory abbreviated the subsequent exposure to
      inducer needed for commitment to differentiation. Precommitment memory was
      semistable. It was heritable, but was lost after four division cycles. The
      acquisition and loss of precommitment memory correlated with alterations in
      nuclear architecture detected by narrow angle light scatter using flow cytometry.
      The altered nuclear architecture first occurred before any overt cell
      differentiation or growth arrest. It was thus an early event in the induced
      program of terminal cell differentiation. Alterations in relative abundances of
      cytoplasmic proteins also occurred prior to overt cell differentiation or growth
      arrest. One of these was a 17 kdalton, anionic, probably Ca2+ binding, protein.
      Retinoic acid thus induced early cellular changes, including cytoplasmic and
      nuclear alterations, within one cell cycle when cell differentiation was not yet
      apparent.

PMID- 6583207
TI  - Determination of a new antibacterial agent (AT-2266) and its metabolites in
      plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography.
AB  - A high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed which enables
      accurate determination of a new synthetic antibacterial agent, AT-2266, and its
      metabolite, M-2, in plasma, and AT-2266 and its five metabolites, M-1, M-2, M-3,
      M-4 and M-5, in urine. AT-2266 is extracted as ethyl carbamate with chloroform
      containing 1% ethyl chloroformate and assayed on a liquid chromatograph equipped
      with an ultraviolet detector at 340 nm. Accurate determinations are possible over
      a concentration range of 0.1-10 micrograms/ml AT-2266 in plasma, and 1-500
      micrograms/ml AT-2266 in urine. The coefficient of variation at the 2
      micrograms/ml level of AT-2266 is 1.9% (n = 6). The minimum detectable
      concentrations of AT-2266 in plasma and urine are 0.01 micrograms/ml and 0.1
      micrograms/ml, respectively, and those of other metabolites are similar to those
      of AT-2266. Plasma levels and urinary excretion of AT-2266 in a man following
      single oral administration (400 mg) have also been determined.

PMID- 6583209
TI  - Prevalence of bone loss in a group of Brazilian teenagers assessed on bite-wing
      radiographs.
AB  - Bite-wing radiographs were used to assess periodontal disease in 304 Brazilian 15
      year-old schoolchildren from a population with a low socioeconomic status. The
      criterion for destructive periodontitis was a distance from the cementoenamel
      junction to the alveolar crest greater than 2 mm. 90 subjects were excluded,
      mainly due to missing first molars. Bone loss was diagnosed in 28% of the
      subjects. More males than females were affected. 50% of all lesions were observed
      adjacent to first molars. The juvenile periodontitis type of lesion was found in
      8 subjects. It was concluded that in young populations bite-wing X-rays seem to
      be valuable in screening for individuals with incipient bone loss as well as for
      identification of subjects with juvenile periodontitis. In community programs
      regular use of this kind of roentgen examination is therefore recommended.

PMID- 6583208
TI  - Colorimetric enzymatic measurement of serum total 3 alpha-hydroxy bile acid
      concentrations without extraction.
AB  - A new method for the simpler colorimetric assay of serum total 3 alpha-hydroxy
      bile acid concentrations without prior extraction has been investigated. The
      lowest concentration that could be reliably measured was 3 mumol/l and the
      results obtained were in agreement with those obtained using extraction and the
      spectrofluorimetric enzymatic assay (y = 1.007x - 1.86, r = 0.99, n = 36).
      Results for 20 normal sera collected after an overnight fast were 6.2 +/- 5.1
      mumol/l (mean +/- SD) and in 20 normal plasma randomly collected were 4.9 +/- 4.2
      mumol/l. This new assay is comparable in specificity and sensitivity to the older
      spectrofluorimetric enzymatic assays and convenient for routine use.

PMID- 6583210
TI  - Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy. III. Single versus repeated
      instrumentation.
AB  - Healing events following nonsurgical periodontal therapy were studied, comparing
      the effect of a single initial instrumentation to the effect of 3
      instrumentations, each separated by 3 months. Incisors, cuspids and premolars
      with periodontal pockets up to 11 mm deep in 13 patients were treated by plaque
      control and supra- and subgingival debridement using ultrasonic instruments. A
      split mouth approach was used to compare the 2 frequencies of instrumentation.
      The results were evaluated by recording of plaque scores, bleeding on probing,
      probing pocket depths and probing attachment levels. A gradual and marked
      improvement of the periodontal conditions took place during the initial 9 months
      following start of therapy. During the remaining 15 months of the 24-month
      experimental period no further changes of the recorded parameters were noted. No
      differences in results could be observed when comparing the effects of a single
      versus repeated instrumentation. Thus, it appears that deep periodontal pockets
      in incisors, cuspids and premolars may be successfully treated by plaque control
      and 1 episode of instrumentation. The results also suggest that recurrence of
      disease due to subgingival recolonization by microorganisms during the healing
      phase may not be a major clinical problem.

PMID- 6583211
TI  - Periodontal bone loss in 15-year-old Norwegians.
AB  - The prevalence of marginal bone loss was determined on bite-wing radiographs in
      2,409 15-year-old schoolchildren living in the country of Buskerud, Norway.
      Radiographs were collected from all dentists in the area participating in the
      Public Dental Service. A distance exceeding 2 mm from the cementoenamel junction
      to the alveolar crest was recorded as bone loss. Bone loss around one or more
      teeth was found in 11.3% of the subjects. More males than females were affected,
      with prevalences of 13.7 and 9.0%, respectively. Most of the lesions were
      observed adjacent to the maxillary first molars. Overt infrabony pockets were
      found in only a very few cases (0.5%). A clinical examination of 31 of the
      subjects could not distinguish those with and those without bone loss. The
      present study has demonstrated that alveolar bone loss is a common finding in 15
      year-old school children. It is concluded that bite-wing roentgenograms may be
      useful in the detection of early bone lesions in young individuals.

PMID- 6583212
TI  - Gingival IgE and histamine concentrations in patients with asthma and in patients
      with periodontitis.
AB  - In the present study the concentrations of IgE and histamine were determined in
      gingival tissue of patients with asthma (N = 15), patients with periodontitis (N
      = 21) and healthy controls (N = 18). Gingival IgE concentrations in the asthma
      group were markedly elevated confirming the results obtained in previous studies
      on salivary IgE concentrations. An increase of IgE was also observed in the
      periodontitis group. Histamine concentrations in the asthma group did not differ
      from the healthy controls, while in the periodontitis group a significant
      decrease in gingival histamine concentrations was found.

PMID- 6583213
TI  - Comparison of statistical methods of analysis of data from clinical periodontal
      trials.

PMID- 6583214
TI  - Influence of Class II amalgam fillings on attachment loss.
AB  - 176 extracted teeth restored with Class II amalgam fillings, having identical
      distribution regarding tooth type, jaw and proximal surface localization, were
      investigated. The loss of attachment was measured on stained teeth under a
      stereomicroscope fitted with an ocular micrometer. The cervical margins of
      restorations were examined with a probe. Defective cervical margins were found in
      85.8% of the 176 restorations. The mean loss of attachment on the restored
      surfaces (1.4 mm) was significantly higher (P less than 0.001) than on the sound
      unrestored surfaces of the same teeth (0.9 mm). Little difference was found
      between mesial and distal surfaces. The restored surfaces of the lower molars
      showed less loss of attachment, when compared to similar surfaces of upper molars
      and lower premolars (P less than 0.05).

PMID- 6583215
TI  - Prenatal fluoride tablet supplementation and improved molar occlusal morphology:
      part V.
AB  - This article is a report of an in vivo clinical study in which the relationship
      of sodium fluoride supplementation during pregnancy to the improved occlusal
      morphology of molar teeth seen in an animal model was determined. Two hundred
      randomly selected children composed the study population. The mothers of 100 of
      them had been on the prenatal supplementation (PNF) regimen and 100 whose mothers
      were not were found to have statistically significant differences in their
      occlusal molar morphology. Ninety-eight percent of the PNF children have a
      smooth, naturally sealed appearance to the occlusal surfaces of their primary
      molars and permanent first molars. The authors conclude that pitted and fissured
      molars are produced as a result of fluoride deficiency during the secretory phase
      of crown formation.

PMID- 6583216
TI  - Micromorphology of zinc fluoride-induced reaction products on ground human
      enamel.
AB  - Zinc in combination with hexetidine has been shown to be an effective chemical
      antiplaque agent clinically and in the laboratory. The effects of zinc fluoride
      on ground human enamel were studied by SEM and the sizes and numbers of the
      resulting globular structures measured from photomicrographs. Prepared enamel
      specimens were immersed in zinc fluoride solutions containing 250 and 750 ppm F-
      at pH 6 and 4 for 4 min. The specimens were examined as such or after washing in
      water for 5 min, 60 min or 24 h and the globuli categorized as larger or smaller
      than 0.5 um. The sizes and numbers of the globuli on the enamel were pH and
      concentration dependent. At pH 6, the two solutions tested produced few small
      globuli on enamel which were removed after 5 min (250 ppm F-) and after 60 min
      (750 ppm F-) in water. At pH 4, markedly more globuli were present, particularly
      with the 750 ppm F- solution. Large and small globuli were present after the 250
      ppm F- treatment with most being removed between 5 and 60 min in water. After the
      750 ppm F- treatment only small globuli were found on enamel and were removed
      between 60 min and 24 h of water washing. Zinc fluoride-induced globuli were
      generally smaller than those induced by sodium fluoride at the same pH values and
      fluoride concentrations.

PMID- 6583217
TI  - The use of pit and fissure sealants in private dental practices.
AB  - Ninety percent of a stratified sample of 240 general dentists and thirty-two
      pedodontists in fulltime private practice in Iowa responded to a questionnaire
      about the use of sealants, attitudes and knowledge about sealants, and reasons
      for not using sealants. Approximately a third of the generalists and a half of
      the pedodontists use sealants regularly. Many negative attitudes about sealants
      were found, as well as a large degree of misinformation about them. Most dentists
      not using sealants thought that they did not last long or that amalgam
      restorations were more economical.

PMID- 6583218
TI  - A comparison of two calcium hydroxide agents in direct pulp capping of primary
      teeth.
AB  - Twenty-two pairs of bilateral primary canines, indicated for extraction due to
      excessive crowding, were chosen to study pulpal response to direct pulp capping
      with two calcium hydroxide medicaments (Life and Dycal). Following mechanical
      exposure of the pulp and direct pulp capping with calcium hydroxide, the teeth
      were extracted after either seven or sixty-three days to determine both the
      immediate and long-term pulpal response to the medicaments. The results indicate
      no statistical difference between the two materials in terms of biological
      response. Favorable results as to degree of pulpal inflammation and matrix
      formation indicate direct pulp capping using calcium hydroxide in primary teeth
      with no pulpal inflammation may be a viable procedure.

PMID- 6583219
TI  - Dental anomalies in children: a clinical and radiographic survey.

PMID- 6583220
TI  - Extraoral management for electrical burns of the mouth.

PMID- 6583221
TI  - Overcoming uncooperative behavior with the dentist.
AB  - Many mentally retarded individuals, like many others in our society, exhibit fear
      of going to the dentist and having dental work completed. This article reports
      results of treatment of overcoming fear in a mentally handicapped (IQ 45) girl,
      age twelve. The difficulty of finding a dentist to cooperate in the treatment
      procedures is documented. Three behavior shaping techniques were used-
      desensitization to a dental operatory and dental equipment, a peer model to
      demonstrate appropriate patient behavior, and tangible and social reinforcers for
      appropriate behavior by the subject. The procedures resulted in the completion of
      necessary dental work. In addition, the child was having successful dental visits
      one year after the termination of treatment.

PMID- 6583222
TI  - Bilateral transposition of maxillary canines and lateral incisors: a rare
      condition.

PMID- 6583223
TI  - The status of fluoride in oral health education in Head Start programs.
AB  - Due to the potential impact fluoride has on the prevention of dental caries and
      the lack of research on health education programs in Head Start, a status study
      was conducted to identify what is being taught to pre-school children and their
      parents about fluoride. The content of the oral health education program was
      adequate in terms of toothbrushing, nutrition, and functions of and visits to the
      dentist. The most significant problem was the lack of education about the
      significance of fluoride. Parents' and teachers' knowledge of oral health was
      quite high. The parents' lowest level of knowledge was in the area of fluoride.
      Inconsistencies between oral health knowledge and behavior were noted for parents
      and teachers. Health professionals should be aware of the lack of emphasis on
      fluoride education and direct their efforts toward educating children and their
      parents through clinical and preschool educational situations.

PMID- 6583224
TI  - Dealing with the preschool-age patient.

PMID- 6583225
TI  - A review of the properties of some orthodontic base polymers.

PMID- 6583226
TI  - The use of Entonox as a sedation agent for children who have refused operative
      dentistry.

PMID- 6583227
TI  - The prevalence of oral carriers of Candida in patients with tongue abnormalities.

PMID- 6583228
TI  - A microbiological study of one-day supragingival dental plaque.

PMID- 6583229
TI  - The mandibular pain dysfunction syndrome: an assessment of its treatment.

PMID- 6583230
TI  - An analysis of temporomandibular joint sounds.

PMID- 6583231
TI  - Giant-cell arteritis presenting to the dentist: a need for urgent diagnosis.

PMID- 6583232
TI  - Breast feeding could be a cause of the type of dental caries.

PMID- 6583233
TI  - [Geriatric dentistry].

PMID- 6583234
TI  - [How to communicate with the hearing-impaired about health care].

PMID- 6583235
TI  - [Current dental practice in Quebec: dentists' perceptions].

PMID- 6583236
TI  - [Examination of certain scientific aspects of fluoridation].

PMID- 6583237
TI  - [Verification of the operation of radiologic equipment in dental offices].

PMID- 6583238
TI  - Science and technology - dreams and reality.

PMID- 6583239
TI  - Microbiological and immunological aspects of oral diseases. Proceedings of the
      Ninth International Conference on Oral Biology. July 28-30, 1983, Sydney,
      Australia.

PMID- 6583240
TI  - Adherent interactions which may affect microbial ecology in the mouth.
AB  - Bacteria attach to teeth and oral mucosal surfaces in a surprisingly selective
      manner, and attachment appears to be the first step in the colonization process.
      Attachment is thought to involve lectin-like and/or hydrophobic ligands, called
      adhesins, often present in bacterial surface appendages which interact with
      receptors on oral tissues. A variety of factors can influence bacterial
      attachment, and therefore have the potential to affect host-parasite interactions
      in the mouth. Factors discussed include salivary components, dietary lectins, and
      sublethal concentrations of antibiotics.

PMID- 6583241
TI  - A conceptual model for the co-existence of Streptococcus spp. and Actinomyces
      spp. in dental plaque.
AB  - One of the most important questions in ecology is how to explain the co-existence
      of the variety of physiologically related organisms in the same habitat. A model
      is presented for the co-existence of Streptococcus species and Actinomyces
      species in dental plaque. The hypothesis is that these organisms co-exist because
      they simultaneously utilize several carbon and energy substrates. The hypothesis
      follows from the observation that the growth yield of oral streptococci and
      actinomyces in saliva is limited by carbohydrate. Preliminary experiments were
      undertaken to test the hypothesis using mixed chemostat cultures and gnotobiotic
      rats. Competition between S. mutans K1R and A. viscosus Ut2 in mixed chemostat
      cultures on glucose and asparagine was hampered by the early appearance of high
      glucose-affinity variants of A. viscosus. From the physiological characteristics
      of S. sanguis and S. milleri, it might be predicted that simultaneous utilization
      of carbohydrate and arginine would enable these organisms to co-exist with S.
      mutans in an ecosystem. To test this mechanism under natural conditions, germ
      free rats were inoculated with a combination of S. mutans K1R and S. sanguis P4A7
      or the combination S. mutans K1R and S. milleri B448. The rats were fed on three
      different diets: (1) 58% cornstarch; (2) 48% cornstarch and 10% sucrose; and (3)
      53% cornstarch and 5% arginine. The results of this experiment demonstrated that
      dietary arginine caused a significant decrease of the ratios K1R/P4A7 and
      K1R/B448 in dental plaque.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6583242
TI  - Relationship of bioenergetic processes to the pathogenic properties of oral
      bacteria.
AB  - The energized membrane has been shown to affect properties (sugar transport, acid
      production, intracellular polysaccharide formation, and glycosyltransferase
      secretion) related to the pathogenicity of oral bacteria. The activity of the
      energized membrane was susceptible to modulation by environmental conditions
      likely to be encountered by bacteria in dental plaque.

PMID- 6583243
TI  - Black-pigmented Bacteroides species, Capnocytophaga species, and Actinobacillus
      actinomycetemcomitans in human periodontal disease: virulence factors in
      colonization, survival, and tissue destruction.

PMID- 6583244
TI  - Colonization of the subgingival area by Bacteroides gingivalis.
AB  - The initial event in colonization of the subgingival area by B. gingivalis is its
      attachment to host cells and Gram-positive bacteria in pre-formed plaque. The
      level of B. gingivalis is partly governed by products of other plaque bacteria,
      especially by sanguicin. Once B. gingivalis resides in its nidus and starts to
      proliferate, expulsion of pre-existing residents may occur, especially of
      attached Gram-positive bacteria, through the inhibitory action of the B.
      gingivalis product, hematin. The bacteriocin produced by black-pigmented
      Bacteroides also seems to play an important role in their establishment.
      Melaninogenicus possessed strong inhibitory activity against Actinomyces species.
      This was not completely confirmed with fresh isolates of B. gingivalis from
      advanced periodontitis patients. Various factors other than inhibitory substances
      produced by B. gingivalis and related bacteria can also affect the colonization
      of this species. Since the crevice area is influenced by gingival fluid, the
      nature of specific antibody and the other affecting components should be
      considered collectively with the interaction between new predominant colonizers
      and other pre-existing residents.

PMID- 6583245
TI  - Neutrophil receptor modulation in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.
AB  - The role of the neutrophil as a primary protective cell in the pathogenesis of
      periodontal disease has been well established. In this paper, the role of
      receptor modulation on the neutrophil surface is discussed as a possible
      mechanism for neutrophil functional abnormalities. Using localized juvenile
      periodontitis (LJP) as a model, the direct inhibition of neutrophils by bacterial
      products is discussed as a possible mechanism for local neutrophil dysfunction.
      In both disease processes, neutrophil receptor modulation plays a central role.

PMID- 6583246
TI  - Workshop report: oral mucosal diseases.

PMID- 6583248
TI  - Workshop report: biologically active components of oral bacteria, particularly in
      relation to oral disease.

PMID- 6583247
TI  - Workshop report: characteristics of cariogenic bacteria.

PMID- 6583249
TI  - Workshop report: the effectiveness of caries control measures.

PMID- 6583250
TI  - Workshop report: the periodontium as a watershed between mucosal and systemic
      immunology.

PMID- 6583251
TI  - Microbiological and immunological aspects of oral diseases.

PMID- 6583252
TI  - Criteria for selection of a practice location among senior dental students at the
      University of Mississippi.

PMID- 6583253
TI  - Facilitating patient and student satisfaction: the role of patient care
      coordinators.

PMID- 6583254
TI  - Curricular guidelines in fixed prosthodontics.

PMID- 6583255
TI  - Curricular guidelines in microbiology.

PMID- 6583256
TI  - Dental school faculty attrition during academic years 1982/83 to 1983/84.

PMID- 6583257
TI  - Faculty approaches to combating professional burnout.
AB  - The peculiar stresses of the dental educator make him or her a prime candidate
      for burnout and at the same time offer rather special protection against this
      phenomenon. The dental teacher, especially the clinical teacher, is required to
      spend virtually all of his time in intimate contact with students, whom he
      instructs, and with patients in the clinic, for whom he has responsibility. In
      addition, this same dental educator will probably have some kind of private
      practice. He will also be required, if he expects to advance in academic rank, to
      do research, to be cognizant of the latest developments in his field, to publish,
      to give presentations to his peers and to the community. This adds up to a lot
      that is expected of one person. Many people have expectations of him, many people
      crowd in on him with their demands. The situation sounds ideal for burnout. Yet,
      I believe that if the dental educator does what is expected, if he laces this
      diet of teaching and patient contact with research and library work, if he sets
      aside time (you may ask where he is to find it) for contemplation, for good works
      in the community, for hobbies, for reading, for cultural activities, then in fact
      the chance of burnout seems lower. And finally, if the dental educator pursues
      the possibilities that exist for leaves, for time away, for refreshment of his
      career by new contacts, new ideas, new ways of doing things, and new commitments,
      he will push away and hold at bay the dangers of burnout.

PMID- 6583258
TI  - What does professional burnout mean to the dental educator?

PMID- 6583259
TI  - Dealing with burnout at the administrative level in dental education.

PMID- 6583261
TI  - The appropriateness of comparing sealants with restorations.

PMID- 6583260
TI  - Professional burnout and the operative dentist.

PMID- 6583262
TI  - National Institutes of Health Consensus Development conference Statement. Dental
      sealants in the prevention of tooth decay.

PMID- 6583263
TI  - Safety considerations, oral and systemic.

PMID- 6583264
TI  - Sealant effect on incipient caries, enamel maturation, and future caries
      susceptibility.

PMID- 6583265
TI  - Indications for sealant use in a community-based preventive dentistry program.
AB  - Dental caries is a disease that recently has undergone, and may still be
      undergoing, dramatic changes in distribution of incidence and prevalence. The
      most recent epidemiologic data available have been reviewed in this paper to
      illustrate that caries is becoming a disease primarily of pits and fissures, with
      less differentiation than previously acknowledged between fluoridated and
      fluoride-deficient areas. The present distribution of caries suggests that
      prevention may be accomplished more effectively through targeted sealant programs
      than through currently popular mass preventive programs. Existing information can
      be used to identify logical target groups for sealant programs, and age specific
      tooth eruption and caries attack information can be used to design delivery
      methods. Although the adoption of targeted sealant programs represents a
      departure from the traditional mass approach to prevention in dental programs,
      the present-day caries distribution requires that the initiation of such programs
      be given serious consideration. At the very least program administrators are
      encouraged to invoke the planning-implementation-evaluation process. Current
      programs should be evaluated carefully in view of today's disease patterns and
      the clinical significance of the results achieved. The content, design, and
      timing of future community-based programs should reflect individualized community
      diagnosis and the application of new epidemiologic data as well as a careful
      evaluation of the results achieved by current preventive procedures.

PMID- 6583266
TI  - Sealants: training and educational needs for dental students and dental auxiliary
      students.
AB  - A program of instruction in pit and fissure sealants has been described that
      includes didactic, preclinical, and clinical components (Table 4). The entire
      program requires the equivalent of three curriculum days. However, reinforcement
      of the principles of the technic should continue during the students' entire
      clinical training period. There are 203 accredited dental hygiene programs and
      285 accredited dental assistant programs in the United States. Enrollment in
      these programs during the 1982-83 academic year was 10,051 hygiene students and
      7,977 assisting students. Since 29 states currently allow dental hygienists to
      apply sealants and 11 states allow dental assistants, there is a compelling
      reason for sealants to be included in the curriculum of dental auxiliary
      programs. Unfortunately, other than Dr. Terkla's brief survey, there is no
      reliable information on the number of auxiliary programs that teach sealants, nor
      are there curriculum guidelines on sealant instruction for these programs.
      Nevertheless, the same training outlined in this article for dental students
      applies equally for dental hygiene and assisting students. A controversial
      question is whether clinical training in sealant application should be part of
      the curriculum of dental auxiliary programs in states that only allow dentists to
      apply them. This is not a question that can be resolved in this article, but must
      be considered at the individual schools involved. In these situations, a careful
      balance must be achieved between the academic freedom to teach current practices
      in dentistry and the dental practice acts of the state. The first commercially
      available pit and fissure sealant was marketed in 1970.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6583267
TI  - Training and educational needs in pit and fissure sealant application for
      graduate dental personnel: continuing education and certification courses.
AB  - The purpose of this paper was to address the continuing education needs of
      dentists and dental auxiliaries and certification needs of and available courses
      for graduate dental hygienists and assistants. Background information was
      presented on the professional and economic concerns of practitioners, as well as
      research findings and the extent to which students and practitioners are being
      educated and trained in the application of sealants. The role of manpower
      training and utilization was addressed along with the role of auxiliaries in
      accelerating and promoting sealant use. A model pit and fissure sealant course
      was discussed in the hope that those educators contemplating the modification of
      curricula to include the topic of sealants or the offering of a continuing
      education course will have "food for thought." A survey was conducted to
      determine the extent to which continuing education courses are being offered to
      graduate or practicing auxiliaries who did not receive formal sealant instruction
      in school. The survey did reveal that only approximately 17 percent of the
      institutions responding provided continuing education courses in pit and fissure
      sealant application.

PMID- 6583268
TI  - Personnel and equipment considerations for a community-based sealant program.

PMID- 6583269
TI  - Use of sealants: societal and professional factors.
AB  - At present, sealant use continues at a low level in private practice by dentists
      and hygienists, and is moderate in community programs although there is high
      interest in their use in public health settings. Widespread delegation of sealant
      application to hygienists has not occurred even though the majority of state
      dental practice acts allow it, and even though practicing hygienists are highly
      interested in applying sealants. Use in federally sponsored programs is minimal
      or nonexistent. Information about sealants and adequate clinical experience in
      their application appear minimal in dental training institutions, and few
      opportunities have existed for continuing education. Generally, knowledge about
      sealants among dentists is low; many hold doubtful opinions. Insurance carriers,
      including commercial, provider, and governmental programs, appear reluctant to
      reimburse for sealants without purchaser demand and organized dentistry's
      blessings. Although society emphasizes patient rights to informed consent, few
      opportunities exist for the public, including group insurance purchasers and
      union negotiators, to learn about sealant use in conjunction with appropriate
      fluoride use. Public educational materials are sparse. Manufacturer marketing
      efforts at present, aimed at providers alone, are at best minimal, with a few
      exceptions; those targeting the public are nonexistent. Organized dentistry's
      Council statements may have contributed to a constriction, to date, in the flow
      of public information about sealants from industry. Lack of communication, or
      miscommunication, between practitioners and dental scientists has resulted in
      much misinformation and confusion about the value of sealants and their use. And,
      the contemporary status of dental manpower and the economy of dental practice in
      the private sector appear to have provided an infertile environment for
      acceptance of sealants as a primary preventive technology. In the public sector,
      interest in sealants is high but two primary constraints are inadequate manpower
      and lack of financial resources. Clearly there has been a time-lag in the
      adoption of new sealant products, and it is apparent that no one factor can
      explain this lag; rather, many complex factors must be taken into account
      simultaneously. Extent of need does not appear to have influenced use, to date.
      Often, social change is slow, and all things considered, the lag observed for
      sealants may not be totally unreasonable.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6583271
TI  - Dental health consumerism.

PMID- 6583270
TI  - Is there a need for dental sealants? Epidemiological indications in the 1980s.
AB  - This paper has attempted to review dental caries epidemiology as it may relate to
      the subject of dental sealants. As such, the major emphasis has been on the
      epidemiology of permanent tooth caries among children and adolescents. The review
      touched four major areas. First, the current distribution of dental caries and
      its relationship to various epidemiological factors was discussed as it pertains
      to North America. Second, the evidence for declining caries experience was
      reviewed from a North American, European, and Australia/New Zealand perspective.
      Third, a superficial discussion of dental caries epidemiology in selected
      developing countries was offered and certain contrasts to caries patterns in
      developed countries were illustrated. Fourth, a brief attempt was made to
      evaluate the relative significance of pit and fissure caries in children.

PMID- 6583272
TI  - Oral health concerns.

PMID- 6583273
TI  - Advances in dental research.

PMID- 6583274
TI  - Dietary management of Type I glycogen storage disease.
AB  - The most commonly recognized type of glycogen storage disease (von Gierke's
      disease) results from deficient glucose-6-phosphatase activity. This enzyme is
      the last step in the release of free glucose from the liver into the circulation.
      Thus, the most prominent and life-threatening complication in the illness is
      severe and often prolonged hypoglycemia, which occurs after the dietary glucose
      is normally removed from the circulation. With an optimal dietary intake spaced
      at 2 1/2- to 3 1/2-hour intervals, the blood glucose can be maintained in the
      normal range during the daytime, but hypoglycemia may occur during overnight
      fasting. Recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the
      illness have led to the use of frequent high-starch feedings during the day and
      nocturnal intragastric infusions of liquid formulas containing glucose polymers.
      The liquid formula is infused through either a nasogastric or a gastrostomy tube
      continuously at night while the patient sleeps. The success of this treatment not
      only has improved the survival rate but also has corrected the abnormal blood
      chemistries and generated a more normal rate of growth and development. Because
      patients with this disease are reaching adulthood in greater numbers, it is
      necessary for dietitians caring for adults as well as for children to become
      familiar with the prescribed methods of treatment.

PMID- 6583275
TI  - Radionuclide evaluation of complications after metatarsal osteotomy and implant
      arthroplasty of the foot.
AB  - This paper discusses radionuclide imaging as it applies to bone and implant foot
      surgery. Where necessary, studies and information from published literature have
      been extrapolated in an attempt to apply them in differentiating between normal
      and abnormal healing osteotomies and implant prosthetics.

PMID- 6583277
TI  - Is the redesign of your dental office necessary?

PMID- 6583276
TI  - Inflammatory bowel disease and leukemia.
AB  - Five patients with inflammatory bowel disease developed leukemia. In the
      literature, only a single report was found in which five patients developed acute
      myelogenous leukemia during the course of ulcerative colitis. Four of our
      patients had myelogenous and one lymphocytic leukemia. Three patients had Crohn's
      disease involving primarily the small bowel; and the other two cases involved
      ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 6583278
TI  - Helpful hints - oral surgery.

PMID- 6583280
TI  - Avoiding dental malpractice lawsuits. Part II.

PMID- 6583279
TI  - The closed mouth intraoral technique of achieving mandibular anesthesia.

PMID- 6583281
TI  - TMJ surgery--a three year retrospective study.

PMID- 6583282
TI  - The antibody specific to type 1 chain blood group A determinant.
AB  - Two monoclonal antibodies directed to the blood group A determinant have been
      established. One hybridoma antibody (AH16), obtained on immunization with human
      gastric cancer cell MKN45, was directed to the blood group A determinant carried
      by both type 1 and type 2 chains. The other antibody (AH21) was prepared by
      immunization with a purified type 1-chain A glycolipid, followed by selection of
      the hybridoma by positive reaction with the type 1, but negative reaction with
      the type 2-chain A glycolipid. Thus, the antibody specifically reacts to the A
      determinant carried by the type 1 chain, but not to the A determinant carried by
      the type 2 chain; an A determinant carried by type 1 chain differs significantly
      from that carried by type 2 chain in its conformational structure. The antibody
      AH16 agglutinates both A1 and A2 human erythrocytes, but AH21 agglutinates
      neither A1 nor A2 erythrocytes, which supports the results of methylation
      analysis that blood group A and H determinants in human erythrocytes are
      exclusively made of the type 2 chain and that A1 and A2 phenotypes are not
      related to the difference between type 1 and type 2 chains.

PMID- 6583284
TI  - Severe and similar suppression of the dentitions of identical twins.

PMID- 6583283
TI  - Pluripotent hemopoietic progenitors (CFU-GEMM) in chronic myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Human hemopoietic pluripotent progenitors form multilineage colonies when
      cultured in methylcellulose with medium conditioned by leukocytes in the presence
      of phytohemagglutinin (PHA-LCM) and erythropoietin (EPO). We have examined their
      frequency, culture requirements and proliferative activity in 20 peripheral blood
      and 29 bone marrow specimens from patients with CML in chronic phase.
      Multilineage colonies developed under regular culture conditions in approximately
      50% of all samples. The frequency ranged from 1-36 per 2 X 10(5) mononuclear
      cells of density less than 1.077 gm/ml. The requirements for PHA-LCM and EPO
      varied for patients with CML when compared to normal individuals; i.e., cells
      from some patients gave rise to mixed colonies with substantial erythroid
      components in the absence of PHA-LCM or without addition of the usually required
      EPO concentrations. The proliferative activity of CFU-GEMM was assessed using a
      short-term exposure to tritiated thymidine (3HTdR) prior to plating. The plating
      efficiency in all bone marrow and peripheral blood samples was reduced to 40-70%
      of the unexposed controls. In contrast, the plating efficiency after exposure to
      3HTdR in normal individuals usually ranged from 70-90% of controls for bone
      marrow samples and from 85-100% of controls for peripheral blood samples. Thus,
      an increased proliferative rate of pluripotent hemopoietic progenitors is a
      consistent feature of CML patients. In addition, at least in some patients,
      different requirements for erythropoietin or PHA-LCM were observed when compared
      to normal culture conditions.

PMID- 6583285
TI  - Selected physical and chemical properties of Sedanol cavity lining material.

PMID- 6583287
TI  - [Clinical studies of ovarian enlargement].

PMID- 6583286
TI  - [20 alpha-Dihydropregnenolone-sulfate and 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone
      biosynthesis and metabolism in feto-placental unit].
AB  - To study the biosynthesis of 20 alpha-dihydropregnenolone-sulfate (20P5-S) and 20
      alpha-dihydroprogesterone (20P4) in the feto-placental unit, human fetal liver
      and placenta were incubated with various radioactive precursors which included
      14C-pregnenolone (P5), 14C-progesterone (P4), 14C-20 alpha-dihydropregnenolone
      (20P5) and 14C-20P5-S. In fetal liver, it was found that sulfokinase and 20 alpha
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20HSD) activities were localized in 105,000xg
      supernatant obtained by a conventional differential centrifugation method. As
      cofactors, sulfokinase and 20HSD require ATP and NADPH, respectively. When P5 was
      incubated for varying periods with 105,000xg supernatant of liver homogenate, the
      precursor decreased with incubation time, whereas labeled 20P5-S increased
      steadily. A rapid increase in the 20P5 followed by declining amounts with further
      incubation occurred, suggesting a possible role of 20P5 as intermediates in 20P5
      S formation from P5. When 20P-S was used as a precursor in the incubation with
      placental homogenate for different periods of time, rapid conversion to P4 was
      observed with a bell-shaped curve depicting 20P5 and 20P4 whereas the recovery of
      P5 remained low throughout the incubation period. These in vitro results indicate
      that the placental P4 and 20P4 might be synthesized, in part, from 20P5-S which
      is derived from fetal liver during pregnancy.

PMID- 6583288
TI  - Laryngeal obstruction--a rare presentation of leukaemia.

PMID- 6583289
TI  - Oculo-motor disorders in craniofacial malformations.
AB  - Based on 77 observations including telorbitism, craniofacial stenosis (C.F.S.),
      and plagiocephalies, oculo-motor disorders involving horizontal and vertical
      imbalance occur very frequently. Abnormalities in the transverse plane
      (telorbitisms, craniofacial stenoses) give orbital divergence and exotropia.
      Orbital extorsion with a significant antimongoloid palpebral fissure, may be the
      cause of rectus muscle extorsion. Abnormalities in the vertical plane
      (plagiocephalies) induce hypertropia. Abnormalities in the sagittal plane
      (C.F.S.) lead to exotropia with exorbitism, the V syndrome with double up-shoot.
      These oculo-motor disorders seem to be the consequence of these orbital structure
      abnormalities, sometimes combined with sensory factors.

PMID- 6583290
TI  - Incidence of malformations of the urinary tract in association with clefts of
      lip, alveolus, and palate.
AB  - Malformation syndromes accompanied by cleft development in the lip-alveolus
      palate (LAP) region are sometimes associated with anomalies of the efferent
      urinary tract. In the present clinical study, 68 children with an LAP-cleft were
      routinely subjected to radiological examination of the efferent urinary tract.
      These revealed pathological alterations, in varying degrees, in 26 children. The
      relationships between cleft type and urinary-tract malformation are analysed. The
      results show the significance of early interdisciplinary investigations.

PMID- 6583291
TI  - Duplication of structures around the stomatodeum.
AB  - In this case report a patient with multiple duplications in the cervical spine,
      skull-base and oral cavity is described and a discussion on the possible origin
      of the duplications is presented.

PMID- 6583292
TI  - Relation between cleavage lines and scar tissues.
AB  - As viewed in relation to cleavage lines, the histological structure of scar
      tissues, whether old or new, closely simulates the structure of a cable. Bundles
      of collagen fibres, the main component of scar tissue, that run at right angles
      to the direction of the cleavage lines, may be likened to a cable core while
      fibres that surround the main structure of the scar tissue, parallel with the
      direction of the cleavage lines, may be likened to the coating material of a
      cable.

PMID- 6583293
TI  - On the improvement of nasal breathing following mid-face osteotomies, and
      possible reasons for the phenomenon.
AB  - In the great majority of patients with hypoplasia of the middle third of the
      face, the surgical advancement or displacement of the maxilla results in a
      subjective improvement in nasal breathing, which can also be verified. This is
      due to an increase in the volume of the nasal skeleton and/or in the nasolabial
      angle, which improves nasal ventilation. These operations have virtually no
      effect on endonasal obstructions to flow, which, in order further to improve
      nasal breathing, should be dealt with separately.

PMID- 6583294
TI  - Position of anterior teeth following surgical correction of prognathism.
AB  - 20 patients who had all undergone surgical correction of progenia by sagittal
      split operation in the ascending ramus were chosen for a follow-up investigation
      5 years after the operation. The patients could be divided into two groups
      showing either horizontal or vertical facial growth pattern. A cephalometric
      analysis was made of all the patients and the results of both groups were
      compared with one another. In particular the changes in the position of the
      anterior teeth and the amount of sagittal and vertical relapse were noted. It was
      noticed, that the type of measurable postoperative relapse was different in the
      two groups. Postoperative mandibular relapse is partially compensated by the
      position of the anterior teeth. Therefore the postoperative changes in the
      position of the anterior teeth are different in the two groups.

PMID- 6583295
TI  - Neglected fractures of the facial bones.
AB  - Early treatment of fractures of the facial skeleton is mandatory, whenever
      possible. However, a number of factors, such as the general condition of the
      patient, the availability of proper facilities at the hospital, where he is
      transferred, the distance he has to travel to reach proper facilities, the
      awareness of the hospital staff of the maxillofacial problems and others often
      delay the correct treatment. We report our experience in the field, where many of
      the above factors often play a role resulting in neglected fractures of the
      facial skeleton.

PMID- 6583296
TI  - Effect of physical training on exercise hemodynamics in patients with stable
      coronary artery disease. The use of impedance cardiography.
AB  - Seventeen consecutive patients with stable coronary artery disease with a
      previous history of myocardial infarction were studied for evaluation of the
      effect of physical training on exercise hemodynamics. The patients were divided
      into two groups: Group A (n = 10), the control group and Group B (n = 7), the
      rehabilitated group. Patients in Group B had physical training for five months.
      The mean exercise time in Group B (trained group) was significantly greater than
      in Group A (17.0 +/- 3.3 vs 11.6 +/- 3.2, p less than 0.01). Cardiac output was
      measured by impedance cardiography. The resting hemodynamic parameters were not
      statistically different between the two groups. At sub-maximal levels of
      exercise, the blood pressure X heart rate product was the same in both groups. At
      maximal workload, the heart rate X blood pressure product was the same in both
      groups, while the cardiac output was significantly greater in Group B compared to
      Group A (16.0 +/- 5.7 vs 12.1 +/- 3.2 1/min, p less than 0.001). These results
      suggest that physical training may improve cardiac function during exercise.

PMID- 6583297
TI  - Hemodynamics in acute myocardial infarction the use of impedance cardiography.
AB  - Thirty-two consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were
      studied during the first seven days following AMI. The stroke volume was measured
      by impedance cardiography. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A (n
      = 22), with clinically uncomplicated myocardial infarction and Group B (n = 10)
      with evidence of congestive failure, but not of pulmonary edema. Patients in
      Group B had predominantly anterior wall myocardial infarction compared to Group A
      (p less than 0.05). The heart rate was significantly greater in Group B compared
      to Group A (p = 0.0002). The systolic blood pressure, the mean blood pressure,
      stroke volume index, and left ventricular stroke work index were significantly
      lower (p less than 0.05) in Group B than Group A. Impedance cardiography can be
      easily applied to follow the course of the patients during the acute phase of
      myocardial infarction.

PMID- 6583298
TI  - Diagnostic use of cerebrospinal fluid lactic acid levels in meningitis.
AB  - Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid lactic acid levels in 62 patients suspected of
      having meningitis was performed. Lactic acid was measured enzymatically using
      lactic acid dehydrogenase with the liberation of NADH. In a control (no
      meningitis) group, 46 children had a mean cerebrospinal fluid lactic acid level
      of 14.7 +/- 2.2 mg/dl; 3 with febrile seizure had a mean lactic acid level of
      33.5 +/- 0.98 mg/dl. In 9 cases of bacterial meningitis, the mean lactic acid
      level was 54.8 +/- 16.8 mg/dl. In 3 patients of aseptic meningitis, the mean
      lactic acid level was 34.5 +/- 1.0 mg/dl. Serial lactate determination was done
      in three patients and they were well correlated with the clinical response and
      other cerebrospinal fluid findings. These data suggest that the determination of
      cerebrospinal fluid lactic acid may be of diagnostic value in differentiating
      between bacterial and aseptic meningitis.

PMID- 6583300
TI  - A small molecular weight growth inhibitory factor in tissue culture supernatants.
AB  - A small molecule in tissue culture supernatants has growth inhibitory effects on
      the parent and other cells. Supernatants from stationary phase cultures of a
      human normal lymphoid cell line (No. 802) inhibited the growth of the parent
      cells even when the latter were in optimal concentrations. The inhibitory
      activity was associated with small molecular weight fractions prepared by
      filtration. Fractions with materials smaller than 5000 daltons were the most
      active. Growth inhibition was observed also with fractions smaller than 2000 and
      1000 daltons. Similar growth inhibition of parent cells was observed with the
      small molecular weight fractions of supernatants from the human acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia cell line CCRF-SB, the human lung Ca cell line A-549 and
      from a mouse leukemia L1210 line. The latter were inhibited only in the absence
      of serum. The fractions from all 3 human cell lines inhibited the cells from all
      human lines indicating a lack of tissue specificity. The fractions from the human
      802 line and the mouse L1210 line did not inhibit the cell growth of each other.
      Species specificity, however, cannot as yet be considered established.

PMID- 6583299
TI  - Metabolic and morphologic changes induced by serotonin in skeletal muscle of rats
      after abdominal aorta ligation.
AB  - Myopatic changes observed in muscle of rats after abdominal aorta ligation and/or
      serotonin injection have been regarded as a suitable model to explore the
      possibility that vasoactive treatments induce muscular damage similar to human
      myopathies. In the present study, we investigated the effect of serotonin
      administration to normal and aorta-ligated rats on cAMP-dependent protein-kinase
      (PK) and hydrolytic enzymes in skeletal muscle.

PMID- 6583301
TI  - Antitumor studies of 2-amino-2-thiazoline and other tumor-modifying agents.
AB  - 2--amino-2-thiazoline (AT) and 1-thiazolidine-4-carboxylate (TC, thioproline),
      which have been previously proposed as agents of reverse transformation, have
      been examined as antitumor agents in several rodent tumor systems. AT
      administration reduced tumor incidence in sym-dimethylhydrazine treated outbred
      ICR Swiss female mice and doubled the survival of DBA/2Ha female mice infected
      with polycythemic Friend leukemia virus. Indomethacin, pentoxyphylline, RA233 and
      diethyldithiocarbamate (DTC), with potential for altering host or tumor
      prostaglandin levels, platelet aggregation and host immunity, respectively,
      ranged from marginally effective to ineffective against Friend virus infection.
      AT was, however, ineffective against 4 other induced and transplanted mouse
      tumors and did not notably increase differentiation or decrease transformation in
      any of several tumor cell systems. No in vitro or in vivo tumor system was found
      to be more than marginally affected by TC. Thus, AT alone was of significant
      antitumor activity in inhibiting late stages of viral- or carcinogen induced
      tumor progression, but could not be demonstrated as an agent of reverse
      transformation.

PMID- 6583302
TI  - Binge eating, vomiting, and weight fear in a female high school population.

PMID- 6583303
TI  - Erythrocyte acid phosphatase in human hair root sheaths.
AB  - Erythrocyte acid phosphatase (EAP) was observed in human hair root sheaths where
      hair sheaths and blood samples were collected from 150 donors. In each case, the
      hairs were typed first for EAP and then confirmed by typing the blood from the
      same donors. Of the 150 donors checked, EAP activity was found in 135 of the
      samples; the other 15 samples showed no activity because they contained no sheath
      cells. Of the 135 samples showing activity, 108 of those were typed accurately in
      EAP. The remaining 27 samples had EAP activity but with inconclusive findings. In
      this study, all six common phenotypes were encountered.

PMID- 6583304
TI  - Extrapyramidal disorders.

PMID- 6583305
TI  - Pharmacological basis of akinesia in Parkinson's disease.
AB  - Akinesia, the core symptom of the parkinsonism, which is the term having been
      used routinely in daily practice of neurology in describing the specific motor
      disturbance in parkinsonian patients, is not well defined in sense of its
      generating mechanism. The author tried to analyze this concept from physiological
      and pharmacological standpoint and classified into three subgroups, i.e. slowness
      of movement, poverty of movement and difficulty in initiating repetitive
      movement. These three groups are interpreted as due to deficiency either of DA or
      of NE, the former being related to the slowness of movement and the poverty of
      movement and the latter to the freezing symptoms in the later stage of illness.
      Parkinson's disease now should better be understood as the result of deficiency
      of several catecholamine metabolites due to chains of enzymic error, and not only
      of DA.

PMID- 6583307
TI  - Quantitative assessments of gait and mobility in Parkinson's disease.
AB  - Gait and mobility of 50 Parkinsonian patients were studied using an instrumented
      walkway and by analysis of video tape. Whilst walking velocities did not differ
      from those of subjects with other conditions affecting gait, worsening of the
      patients' clinical condition was related to deterioration of scores in these
      objective tests.

PMID- 6583306
TI  - Symptoms and side effects in the course of Parkinson's disease.
AB  - From our investigations, we are tempted to assume that all types of akinesia,
      including "freezing", off-phases, Yo-Yoing and akinetic crises, are primarily
      symptoms of PD, while hyperkinesia, stretch spasms and pharmacotoxic psychosis
      are "side-effects". Therefore side-effects can be triggered by antiparkinsonian
      therapy while they will disappear after withdrawal of the drugs inducing them.
      Antiparkinson drugs alleviate major symptoms like akinesia and rigidity but
      sometimes and especially as reflection of advanced parkinsonism, might amplify
      minor symptoms (freezing, off-phases, Yo-Yoing), which then predominantly at high
      drug doses occur earlier and more intensively. Therefore, minor symptoms can be
      observed more frequently in the advanced stages of PD. Depressed phases belong to
      the symptom complex as is bradyphrenia and dizziness. Bradyphrenia is the psychic
      correlate to akinesia. Dementia, if at all is a symptom, but more likely this
      disease occurs occasionally in combination with parkinsonism.

PMID- 6583308
TI  - Premorbid personality of Parkinson patients.
AB  - In a preliminary study 28 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (14 males,
      14 females; mean age 67 years, mean disease duration 9 years) were tested with
      the GIESSEN-TEST (GT) personality inventory in an attempt to define distinctive
      premorbid personality features of Parkinson's disease. Patients and close
      relatives were asked to fill out the test questionnaires with a retrospective
      judgement of healthy times; at the same time patients and relatives were
      interviewed for premorbid habits and personality traits of the patients. The
      results obtained suggest that parkinsonian patients are of an introverted and
      anancastic premorbid personality type. In the GIESSEN-TEST (GT) marked trends
      toward "overcontrol"; "depressiveness", "positive social resonance", and "social
      impotency" were observed. The results are discussed and related to findings of
      distinctive premorbid smoking and drinking habits of parkinsonian patients.

PMID- 6583309
TI  - Normal pressure hydrocephalus and Parkinson's disease.
AB  - Three patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus and Parkinson's disease are
      reported. The recognition of this association is important because these two
      entities require specific therapeutic approaches. The presence of Parkinson's
      disease does not preclude an excellent response of the hydrocephalus to a
      shunting procedure. Although several reports of cases with the characteristic
      clinical manifestations of normal pressure hydrocephalus--progressive dementia,
      gait difficulty and urinary incontinence--have been published earlier, it was
      Adams and Hakim who emphasized the clinical triad and the effect of shunting the
      cerebrospinal fluid as a means of treatment. Messert and Baker stressed that the
      gait disturbance had a close resemblance to the freezing gait of parkinsonism. We
      are reporting three patients who had both conditions. Recognition of the
      existence of both disorders in the same patients is important since appropriate
      treatment of each of them led to marked improvement of their symptoms.

PMID- 6583310
TI  - Oculomotor characteristics of parkinsonism in comparison with those of cerebellar
      ataxia.
AB  - Oculomotor characteristics of patients with Parkinsonism have been analyzed. 1.
      The Parkinsonian patients showed relatively high frequency, but mild degree of
      abnormalities in various oculomotor functions such as pursuit eye movements,
      saccade and optokinetic nystagmus and frequently had positional and positioning
      nystagmus, although all of them might not relate to the pathology of
      parkinsonism. 2. When a visual target was presented laterally to a subject and
      head was free to move, the Parkinsonian patients showed relatively good eye-head
      coordination for gaze shift, resulting in accurate and stable gaze. However, the
      reaction times of head and eyes were prolonged and overt head movement was
      observed. 3. Ocular dyskinesias, characterized by smooth, slow, to-and-fro
      deviations with large amplitude and prominent in darkness were observed in 8
      patients out of 10 with bodily dyskinesia while taking levodopa. 4. Oculogyric
      crises, paralysis of downward gaze, prolonged reaction time of saccade and poor
      optokinetic nystagmus were seen in a patient with juvenile Parkinsonism, whose
      neuropathological examination revealed the most striking changes in the
      substantia nigra, central grey and midline portion, and ventral and caudal to the
      central grey.

PMID- 6583311
TI  - Parkinsonism treated with levodopa: progression and mortality.
AB  - Patients with Parkinson's disease treated with levodopa over the past 15 years
      were compared, by parallel statistical methods, to a group of similar patients
      followed for 15 years before the levodopa era. The duration of illness at each
      Stage of disease was longer in the treated group, and, at each duration of
      illness, there was less disability and death. The prevalence of peak-dose
      dyskinesias increased with increased duration of treatment, but seldom out
      weighed the benefits of treatment. Although extreme fluctuations of therapeutic
      response were not seen during the first 2 years of treatment, their prevalence
      was otherwise uninfluenced either by the duration of treatment or by postponing
      treatment. There is, however, some evidence that the postponement of treatment is
      accompanied by an increased proportion of patients who become "unresponsive" to
      levodopa. The age at death was 4.5 years older than in the untreated group, and
      the mortality rate equal to that of the general population. There is ample
      evidence that treatment with levodopa improves the quality and length of life,
      and no real evidence that delaying therapy confers benefits in the future.

PMID- 6583312
TI  - Dystonia--L-dopa responsive or juvenile parkinsonism?
AB  - Four cases of dystonia occurring in two families are reported. The first symptoms
      consisting of dystonia and rigidity appeared early in childhood, in the first
      months in one family and of ages two and five years respectively in the other. In
      two cases, transient tremor was noted. These four children have been treated with
      L-dopa with prompt spectacular results, in cases 1 and 2, with more gradual less
      complete results in the others. L-dopa treatment was continued twelve, eleven,
      six, and five years, respectively, without any developmental problems. Motor
      function remains satisfactory and school work is normal. The only secondary
      effect observed was the occurrence of dyskinesia. The relation between L-dopa
      responsive dystonia and Parkinson's disease is discussed.

PMID- 6583314
TI  - Eye movements in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
AB  - It has generally been assumed that the oculomotor system is not involved in
      amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, reports from the literature and
      recent experience with patients indicate that there are oculomotor abnormalities
      in some ALS patients. These appear to fall into two main categories. One group of
      patients has signs that reflect damage or degeneration in cortico-oculomotor
      pathways. These patients have problems in generating voluntary saccades,
      convergence and pursuit eye movements. It should be possible to corroborate
      deficits in ocular pursuit in these patients with deficits in visual suppression
      of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and in optokinetic nystagmus (OKN). A second
      group of patients, much less common than the first, has a more global type of
      ophthalmoplegia, probably reflecting a loss of neurons in and around the ocular
      motor nuclei. There are probably also patients with mixed types of involvement.
      Testing the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in conjunction with other tests of
      visual-oculomotor function should help in identifying the deficits. The relative
      incidence of the various types of deficits is not known and is a subject for
      study. It would also be of interest to correlate the changes that are present in
      the oculomotor system of patients with ALS with deficits in other parts of the
      somatic motor system.

PMID- 6583313
TI  - Benign familial myoclonus-like movements, partly of early onset.
AB  - A family with benign, myoclonus-like involuntary movements of early onset has
      previously been described by us (Refsum and Sjaastad, 1972, 1973; Sjaastad,
      1981). In the present communication electrographical investigations carried out
      in the proband and his sister will be reported. Additional information will also
      be reported regarding onset of the abnormal movements.

PMID- 6583315
TI  - The viral hypothesis in parkinsonism.
AB  - The most crucial unanswered question in Parkinson's disease is its fundamental
      cause. Since Carlsson's original suggestion that dopamine may be a transmitter in
      the central nervous system involved in the control of motor function and that it
      may be involved in the Parkinsonian syndrome (Carlsson, 1959), and the now
      classic paper by Ehringer and Hornykiewicz (1960) which definitively showed the
      significant reduction of dopamine concentration in the neostriatum of cases of
      idiopathic Parkinson and postencephalitic parkinsonism, the vast amount of work
      on the subject has focused on the biochemical and pharmacologic correlates of
      this dopaminergic system failure involving particularly the nigrostriatal
      pathways. The concept of a specific neurotransmitter deficiency associated with a
      specific neurological syndrome potentially amenable to replacement therapy, has
      appropriately generated a considerable degree of clinical and research interest
      for over 20 years, but, with few exceptions, there has been hardly any focused or
      concerted research effort on looking at direct causal factors or primary
      initiating events in this disease process. As in Alzheimer's disease, another of
      the degenerative diseases of the brain of unknown origin with a specific
      biochemical substrate, any etiologic hypothesis for Parkinson's disease--whether
      a virus, an age-related immune system dysfunction, a genetic factor, a "trophic"
      substance, or a toxin--would have to explain the selective involvement of
      specific transmitter-defined neuronal pathways, the non-specificity of the brain
      lesions that define the disease, and the clinical involvement of a sizeable
      segment of the aging population. Of the several plausible hypotheses mentioned
      earlier, which are not necessarily mutually exclusive, we would like to
      critically consider the possibility of a viral cause.

PMID- 6583316
TI  - Marrow cytogenetic and cell-culture analyses of the myelodysplastic syndromes:
      insights to pathophysiology and prognosis.
AB  - Marrow cytogenetic and granulocyte-macrophage colony formation (CFU-GM) studies
      were performed on 34 previously untreated patients with documented
      myelodysplastic syndromes seen between January 1978 and June 1982. All patients
      were managed without chemotherapy until progression to acute leukemia was
      observed. All 10 patients with exclusively abnormal marrow metaphases developed
      acute leukemia (100%) while only one (7%) of 14 patients with solely normal
      marrow metaphases subsequently developed leukemia (p less than 0.001). Three
      (42%) of the seven patients with both normal and abnormal marrow metaphases
      developed acute leukemia. Fifteen (86%) of the 19 patients with either large
      cluster or no growth patterns developed acute leukemia while only two (13%) of 15
      patients with either small cluster or colony forming growth patterns developed
      acute leukemia (p less than 0.001). Abnormal marrow cytogenetic status correlated
      with abnormal marrow CFU-GM growth pattern (p less than 0.05). Analysis of CFU-GM
      sensitivity to inhibition by prostaglandin E was performed in 12 patients. Nine
      patients showed CFU-GM refractoriness to inhibition by prostaglandin E. Seven of
      these patients eventually developed leukemia. Three patients had CFU-GMs which
      were initially sensitive to prostaglandin E inhibition. In these three patients,
      a loss of CFU-GM sensitivity to prostaglandin E was observed prior to their
      progression to morphologically identifiable acute leukemia.

PMID- 6583317
TI  - Circulating immune complexes in childhood malignancies: a Pediatric Oncology
      Group study.
AB  - Pretreatment serum samples obtained at diagnosis from 89 children with various
      pediatric malignancies were examined for circulating immune complexes (CIC) using
      the [125I]Clq binding assay. The study population consisted of 35 children with
      acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 22 children with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia
      (ALL), 24 with neuroblastoma (NB), and eight with osteosarcoma (OS). Concomitant
      quantitation of immunoglobulins was performed in 55 patients, revealing normal
      values for age. Increased levels of CIC at diagnosis were found in 9%, 22%, 42%,
      and 50% of children with ALL, AML, NB, and OS, respectively. Except for a higher
      proportion of CIC-positive patients observed in stage IV NB (nine of 17) compared
      to stage I-III NB (one of seven), no correlation was observed between initial CIC
      level and presenting clinical features, response to treatment, prognosis, or
      presence of infection. Longitudinal sampling of six NB and two OS patients did
      not reveal a clear relationship between disease activity and quantity of CIC. For
      the pediatric malignancies studied, these data demonstrate minimal value in
      quantitating CIC as a means of assessing disease activity or predicting response
      to treatment and are in contrast to the apparently adverse effect of elevated
      pretreatment CIC on response to therapy and survival observed in adults with ALL,
      AML, and OS.

PMID- 6583318
TI  - High-dose methotrexate as part of remission maintenance therapy for childhood
      acute lymphocytic leukemia: a Pediatric Oncology Group pilot study.
AB  - Seventeen children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in remission were
      treated with parenteral high-dose methotrexate (HDM) pulses every eight weeks
      during standard 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate (MTX) oral maintenance therapy.
      MTX (1,000 mg/m2) was infused over one hour followed by one hour of intravenous
      hydration for the purpose of achieving plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
      levels greater than 10(-6) M for a period of 24 hours. Leucovorin (15 mg/m2) was
      administered orally six, 12, and 18 hours after completion of the HDM. Plasma and
      CSF concentrations of MTX were evaluated serially in the first 48 hours. During
      the first 24 hours, the plasma MTX level was maintained at greater than 10(-6) M.
      The patients receiving intrathecal MTX at a dose of 15 mg/m2 had an adequate,
      sustained MTX level in the CSF, but when no intrathecal MTX was administered, the
      CSF levels were less than 10(-6) M. For that reason, intrathecal MTX in a low
      dose (6 mg/m2) was injected intrathecally one hour after the HDM infusion,
      allowing the MTX level in CSF to approximate 10(-6) M over the 24 hours. The
      toxicity of this therapy was minimal. Due to the facts that the plasma and CSF
      MTX levels could be sustained above the desired concentrations and this regimen
      could be given in the outpatient clinic, this program has been incorporated into
      an ongoing study in an effort to prolong complete remissions.

PMID- 6583319
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma: alterations in the pattern of pulmonary metastases with
      adjuvant chemotherapy.
AB  - The number and time to appearance of pulmonary metastases were evaluated in 15
      patients with osteogenic sarcoma receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with high-dose
      methotrexate and doxorubicin (adjuvant group). The results were compared to 33
      age- and sex-matched controls (control group). The adjuvant group demonstrated a
      reduction in the number and a delay in the appearance of the metastases. The
      median time to development of metastases was 17 mo in the adjuvant group and 7 mo
      in the control group, and the median number of metastases was 2 and 12,
      respectively.

PMID- 6583320
TI  - Sequential changes in platelet function and coagulation in leukemic children
      treated with L-asparaginase, prednisone, and vincristine.
AB  - Coagulation and platelet function in 13 children with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia were studied sequentially during a remission induction with L
      asparaginase, prednisone, and vincristine. In the first weeks of therapy, which
      included four doses of L-asparaginase coagulation was characterized by
      significant decreases in plasma concentrations of plasminogen, antithrombin III
      alpha 2-macroglobulin, and fibrinogen. All measures gradually returned to normal
      after complication of L-asparaginase therapy. In the latter part of induction
      treatment, clotting times, especially partial Thromboplastin time, decreased
      significantly, while levels of factors V and VIII increased with recovery of
      platelet counts. At this time, 6 patients had an increased in vitro platelet
      aggregation response to adenosine diphosphate, and their partial thromboplastin
      times were significantly shorter than those of patients without increased
      aggregation. Concurrent abnormalities in coagulation and platelet function may
      account for the thrombotic complications that develop in some children receiving
      induction therapy with these agents.

PMID- 6583323
TI  - Patients with secondary acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) receiving "timed"
      sequential chemotherapy.

PMID- 6583321
TI  - Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults: results of the L-10 and L
      10M protocols.
AB  - Two successive protocols (L-10 and L-10M) employing multidrug induction therapy
      with vincristine, prednisone, and doxorubicin (Adriamycin) plus an intensive
      consolidation phase and maintenance program have led to a significant improvement
      in the prognosis of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The complete
      remission (CR) rates for the 34 patients entered on the L-10 protocol and the 38
      patients entered on the L-10M protocol were 85% and 84%, respectively. The median
      duration of remission has not yet been reached for either the L-10 (median follow
      up, 5.5 years; range, 3.5-7.5 years) or the L-10M protocol (median follow-up, 2.5
      years; range, 1-3.5 years). The median survival time has not yet been reached for
      the L-10M protocol. Central nervous system prophylaxis with intrathecal
      methotrexate alone was effective in preventing central nervous system relapse. An
      analysis of possible prognostic factors indicated that patients less than 25
      years of age had a higher CR rate than older patients (p = 0.02). Patients with
      an initial leukocyte count below 15,000/microL experienced longer remissions than
      patients with a leukocyte count above 15,000/microL (p = 0.008), and patients who
      achieved CR within the first month of therapy were in remission longer than those
      requiring a longer time to achieve CR (p = 0.04). Patients with T cell ALL did
      not have a poorer prognosis than other patients treated on these protocols. The L
      10 and L-10M protocols were well tolerated with minimal morbidity.

PMID- 6583322
TI  - Second central nervous system prophylaxis in children with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia who relapse after elective cessation of therapy.
AB  - A treatment plan to achieve better disease control in patients with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who relapse after elective cessation of therapy was
      assessed. The principal modifications were (1) a second preventive treatment of
      the central nervous system (CNS) at relapse and every six weeks throughout
      therapy, using intrathecal methotrexate with cytosine arabinoside, and (2) a four
      week course of systemic chemotherapy given immediately before therapy was stopped
      a second time. Twenty-four patients were studied. There have been no meningeal
      relapses, in contrast to seven among 16 similar patients who were retreated
      without CNS prophylaxis. Although the median length of second hematologic
      remission was not significantly different from the outcome in the comparison
      group, a much higher proportion of patients (eight of 24 versus zero of 17)
      remain in prolonged reinduced complete remission (48-79 months). Children whose
      first relapse occurred later than six months after cessation of therapy had
      significantly longer subsequent remissions. These end results establish the value
      of intrathecal CNS prophylaxis in relapsed ALL and suggest that a late intensive
      phase of therapy will extend remissions in a substantial proportion of patients.

PMID- 6583324
TI  - Cranial nerve involvement in children with leukemia and lymphoma.
AB  - Between 1965 and 1982, 52 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma were found to have central nervous system involvement of their
      disease. Of this group, 20 developed clinically apparent cranial nerve paresis or
      palsy. The cranial nerve most frequently affected was No. VII. With therapy, 16
      of the patients had objective control of their central nervous system disease.
      Among these 16 patients, cranial nerve palsies resolved completely in 14, and
      only two children were left with residual cranial nerve dysfunction. Seven
      patients received intrathecal chemotherapy before radiation therapy was
      instituted in an attempt to control their cranial nerve palsies. Cranial nerve
      palsy resolved in only two of these seven patients. However, the addition of
      whole-brain irradiation in the remaining five patients reversed cranial nerve
      dysfunction in four of them. The combination of intrathecal chemotherapy and
      central nervous system irradiation was successful in reversing cranial nerve
      dysfunction in 11 of 13 patients in whom central nervous system disease was
      ultimately controlled. As cranial nerve dysfunction is associated with
      distressing signs and symptoms, the combination of central nervous system
      irradiation and intrathecal chemotherapy is important palliative therapy to
      initiate promptly. Intrathecal therapy alone appears to be inadequate therapy for
      prompt and durable reversal of symptoms in this group of patients.

PMID- 6583325
TI  - Effect of dose and schedule on pharmacokinetics of high-dose cytosine arabinoside
      in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of high-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) were studied in 18
      patients with acute leukemia and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The plasma
      concentrations of ara-C increased in proportion to the dose over a range of 1-3
      g/m2. The initial and terminal half-lives were not influenced by the dose or
      schedule of administration and no accumulation of ara-C occurred with repeated
      dosage in the same patients. These data suggest that cytidine deaminase is not
      saturated within this dose range. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of
      ara-C also rose linearly with the increase in dose and varied from 347 ng/mL (1
      g/m2) to 1,070 ng/mL (3 g/m2). The mean CSF concentrations of ara-C following
      high-dose infusions over three hours were 6%-22% of simultaneous plasma
      concentrations. Three hours after completion of the intravenous infusion the CSF
      concentrations were greater than the corresponding plasma concentrations owing to
      the long half-life of ara-C in CSF compared to that in plasma. These data
      demonstrate that therapy with intravenous high-dose ara-C given twice daily
      provides continuous levels in the CSF at concentrations that are likely to be of
      value in the treatment of central nervous system leukemia.

PMID- 6583326
TI  - Resistance to methotrexate due to gene amplification in a patient with acute
      leukemia.
AB  - A patient is described with acute myelocytic leukemia refractory to conventional
      therapy, who also became highly resistant to methotrexate (MTX) after repeated
      courses of this drug. Leukemia cells from this patient were found to contain an
      elevated level of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) activity, with no change in the
      affinity of the enzyme for MTX. A sensitive "dot blot" assay revealed a fourfold
      increase in the gene copy number of DHFR. Southern blot analysis with a human
      DHFR cDNA probe confirmed this increase in the gene copy number, and demonstrated
      a similar restriction pattern with Eco R1, Hind III, and Pst 1 as seen with a
      highly amplified human leukemia cell line, K562. Additional DHFR fragments were
      detected, not seen in the K562 blot, suggesting the presence of pseudogenes, or a
      result of gene rearrangements occurring as part of the amplification process.
      Resistance to MTX in this patient was therefore ascribed to gene amplification
      and overproduction of DHFR.

PMID- 6583327
TI  - Gene amplification in a leukemic patient treated with methotrexate.
AB  - Resistance to methotrexate (MTX) has been shown in mouse, hamster, and human cell
      lines grown in sequentially increased MTX concentrations to be due to increased
      dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) synthesis and a proportional increase in DHFR gene
      copy number. Leukemia cells of a patient were studied to assess change in DHFR
      gene copy number after MTX treatment. The patient presented with chronic myeloid
      leukemia which rapidly evolved into blast crisis; 90% of peripheral white cells
      were lymphoblasts. Treatment included intrathecal and intravenous MTX; the
      lymphoblasts were reduced to undetectable levels. Three months later a second
      blast crisis occurred; 90% of peripheral white cells were lymphoblasts. Cells
      from each blast crisis were obtained by leukapheresis and stored for study.
      Quantification of DHFR gene copy number in DNA from lymphoblasts before and after
      MTX treatment was done: a radiolabeled cloned cDNA constituting the mouse DHFR
      coding sequence was used to probe high molecular weight pretreatment and
      posttreatment DNA bound to nitrocellulose filters. Posttreatment DNA contained
      two- to three-fold more DHFR gene sequences than pretreatment DNA. Quantitative
      Southern blotting of EcoRI-digested pretreatment and posttreatment DNA confirmed
      amplification of the DHFR gene. Karyotype analysis showed no double minute
      chromosomes or homogeneously staining regions. This is the first study
      demonstrating DHFR gene amplification in leukemia cells sampled in vivo from a
      patient treated with MTX.

PMID- 6583328
TI  - Prediction of complete remission in patients with refractory acute leukemia
      treated with AMSA.
AB  - The relation between characteristics known at start of therapy and response in
      102 adults with refractory acute leukemia who received 4'-(9 acridinylamino)
      methane-sulfon-m-anisidide (AMSA) was examined. Twenty-three (23%) of these
      patients attained complete remission (CR). Univariate analysis showed that the
      following characteristics were associated with CR: a fewer number of prior
      induction and maintenance regimens, a shorter time between latest relapse and
      AMSA therapy, the presence of Auer rods, a circulating blast cell count of less
      than 25,000/mm3, a marrow cellularity less than 90%, a ratio of marrow blasts and
      promyelocytes to more mature myeloid cells (differentiation ratio) less than 15,
      and a first-course AMSA dose of greater than or equal to 375 mg/m2. Some of these
      factors were interrelated. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression
      techniques was carried out to determine which of the above factors added
      independent prognostic information. This analysis produced a statistical model
      that related probability of response to the following in order of selection: Auer
      rod status, first-course dose, differentiation ratio, and absolute circulating
      blast cell count. Such a model could be useful in identifying patients with high,
      intermediate, or low probability of response to AMSA. AMSA could then be
      prescribed only for patients likely to respond while affording other patients
      alternate salvage programs at an earlier time.

PMID- 6583329
TI  - Adjuvant chemotherapy in osteogenic sarcoma: the triumph that isn't?

PMID- 6583330
TI  - A study of dental porcelain solubility--dissolving of component elements and
      resultant surface roughness and abrasion.

PMID- 6583331
TI  - Surface analysis of cements after having been immersed in water--surface state
      and elementary analysis of zinc phosphate cement and carboxylate cement.

PMID- 6583333
TI  - Labor, legislation and litigation in New Jersey: a ten year history.

PMID- 6583332
TI  - Journal interview: NJDPAC and legislation. The who, when, where, why and what of
      the New Jersey Dental Political Action Committee and its impact on legislation.

PMID- 6583334
TI  - One visit endodontics: not only could you but should you?

PMID- 6583335
TI  - Mini-residency in prescribing controlled dangerous substances.

PMID- 6583336
TI  - To incorporate or not: a dilemma for the professional.

PMID- 6583337
TI  - Anti-plaque chlorhexidine should be prescription only.

PMID- 6583338
TI  - Gallium-67 scanning in Sjogren's syndrome: concise communication.
AB  - We performed gallium-67 scans in 12 patients with primary or secondary Sjogren's
      syndrome (SS). Salivary-gland uptake of gallium-67 was noted in four of five
      patients with primary SS. Pulmonary uptake was observed in ten of 12 patients.
      Chest radiographs were essentially normal in all patients, although 60%
      complained of significant dyspnea with exertion. The gallium-67 scan may prove to
      be a sensitive noninvasive diagnostic test for lung and mediastinal involvement
      by either primary or secondary SS, and for salivary-gland involvement in primary
      SS.

PMID- 6583339
TI  - The use of gallium-67 liver imaging for the early diagnosis of Budd-Chiari
      syndrome.
AB  - A gallium-67 study, performed in a rare case of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) in a 6
      yr-old child, showed marked concentration of the tracer in the left and caudate
      lobes of the liver. Ten days later, a less specific and clear-cut appearance of
      left- and caudate-lobe concentration of Tc-99m phytate was obtained. The possible
      use of Ga-67 citrate imaging to diagnose BCS in its earliest stage is suggested,
      although no firm conclusion can be made from this single case.

PMID- 6583340
TI  - Report of the Acting Administrator, State Board for Nursing the State Education
      Department.

PMID- 6583341
TI  - Executive behavior in complex systems: management of divergence.

PMID- 6583342
TI  - Management of divergence: a nursing service administrator's views.

PMID- 6583343
TI  - Management of divergence: an educator's view.

PMID- 6583344
TI  - Nurses knowledge about and attitudes toward professional nursing organizations.

PMID- 6583345
TI  - What constitutes nursing research?

PMID- 6583346
TI  - Presidential Address.

PMID- 6583347
TI  - The status of water fluoridation in the state of Oklahoma.

PMID- 6583348
TI  - A study in the differential diagnosis of white lesions of the buccal mucosa.

PMID- 6583349
TI  - Primary melanotic alterations in the oral cavity.

PMID- 6583350
TI  - Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity. A case report.

PMID- 6583351
TI  - Unusual chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis treated with levamisole: report of
      a case.

PMID- 6583352
TI  - Subcutaneous emphysema during operative dentistry: report of a case with a thirty
      month follow-up.

PMID- 6583353
TI  - Oral pemphigus vulgaris. Clinico-pathological follow-up of 34 cases.

PMID- 6583354
TI  - Phosphorus necrosis of the maxilla.

PMID- 6583355
TI  - Carcinoma and the mandibular staple.

PMID- 6583356
TI  - Concerns and conflicts over disc surgery.

PMID- 6583357
TI  - Perforations of the temporomandibular joint meniscus: arthrographic, surgical,
      and clinical findings.
AB  - Arthrographic examination of the temporomandibular joint for perforations of the
      meniscus was found to be a reliable diagnostic test in a retrospective review of
      45 surgical cases. Clinically palpable crepitus was also found to be an accurate
      indicator of the existence of perforations in patients who could open beyond 26
      mm. The combination of palpable crepitus and a positive arthrogram was found to
      be complementary in diagnosing perforations and was confirmed by surgical
      observations.

PMID- 6583358
TI  - Clinicopathologic conference. Case 48, part I: Radiolucent lesion of the
      mandible.

PMID- 6583359
TI  - Seromucous cystadenoma of the oral cavity.

PMID- 6583360
TI  - Treatment of osteoradionecrosis.

PMID- 6583361
TI  - A pathologist's approach to the treatment of ameloblastoma.
AB  - There are three clinical types of ameloblastoma: the solid or multicystic type;
      the unicystic type; and the rare peripheral type. Important considerations in
      planning treatment include the clinical type as well as the anatomic location of
      the tumor and the availability of the patient for follow-up examinations. The
      various histologic patterns exhibited by this tumor have no bearing on its
      biologic behavior. In this article the treatment of the three types of
      ameloblastoma is discussed, with emphasis on their biologic behavior and anatomic
      considerations.

PMID- 6583362
TI  - Clinicopathologic conferences. Case 49, part I: Tumor of the palate.

PMID- 6583363
TI  - Liposarcoma of the cheek in an infant.
AB  - A case of liposarcoma of the cheek in a 6-month-old infant has been presented.
      This tumor, one of the most common malignant tumors of soft tissue in the body
      generally, is exceedingly rare in the head and neck regions, having been reported
      in this location on only a few occasions. A review of the literature reveals that
      this patient was one of the youngest so affected. The postoperative course was
      uneventful, and after three years no evidence of recurrence or metastasis has
      been observed.

PMID- 6583364
TI  - Papillary cystadenoma-like hyperplasia of the lip.

PMID- 6583365
TI  - Nasolabial cyst: presentation of a case with a review of the literature.
AB  - This report presents the clinical and histologic features and treatment of a
      classic nasolabial (nasoalveolar) cyst. Review of the literature confirms the
      fact that this lesion is a benign developmental cyst that may arise from
      epithelium of the nasolacrimal duct. The lesion is usually unilateral, but may be
      bilateral, is located beneath the ala of the nose, and occurs more frequently in
      females. Histologically, it is most frequently lined by a pseudostratified
      columnar epithelium, although both stratified squamous and cuboidal epithelium
      and goblet cells may be found. The cyst responds well to conservative
      enucleation.

PMID- 6583366
TI  - Surgical management of a facial deformity secondary to craniofacial fibrous
      dysplasia.

PMID- 6583367
TI  - Conservative management of electric burns to the lips of children.
AB  - Crucial to the proper care of a child sustaining electric trauma to the oral
      cavity are both a complete understanding of the possible systemic sequelae of
      this injury and knowledge of the management of the particular lesion. The
      physical properties of electricity, the systemic and regional effects of electric
      injuries, and the associated complications are reviewed. The methods of treatment
      are discussed and the benefit of delaying surgical intervention is emphasized.

PMID- 6583368
TI  - A modified external pin appliance for resections that include the mandibular
      condyle.

PMID- 6583369
TI  - A standardized programme for studying the occlusal force pattern during chewing
      and biting in prosthetically restored dentitions.
AB  - A recently described method for studying occlusal forces in prosthetically
      restored dentitions (Lundgren & Laurell, 1984) was applied in a standardized
      programme to elucidate the occlusal force pattern and the functional capability
      of a dentition during chewing and biting. The method is based on the use of
      strain gauge transducers mounted into preformed matrices evenly distributed over
      the tooth-arch. The programme was tested in a subject prosthetically restored
      with a fixed bridge of cross-arch design in the upper jaw, and with unsplinted
      teeth in the lower jaw. It involved chewing of (a) peanuts, (b) roast beef with
      potato salad, biting with maximal strength in habitual occlusion and biting over
      one limited contact area at a time. The magnitude of the occlusal forces
      developed during chewing and swallowing was well below all biting forces. The
      magnitude of the total force acting over the entire dentition when biting at
      maximal strength in habitual occlusion did not seem to be limited by reactions
      from the teeth or the periodontal tissues but, seemingly, by the capability of
      the jaw-closing muscles themselves. The magnitude of the local bite force over
      one limited contact area at a time was much smaller than that which the jaw
      closing muscles were able to develop. This indicated that feedback mechanisms in
      the periodontal tissues and/or the temporo-mandibular joints were limiting
      factors for these forces. The programme will be applied to studies of dentitions
      supplied with prosthetic constructions of various design and with different
      distribution of periodontal support.

PMID- 6583370
TI  - Serum creatine kinase studies in mandibular pain dysfunction.
AB  - A biochemical test for muscle damage (serum creatine kinase estimation) was used
      to investigate twenty-six normal subjects, nine normal subjects following
      experimental bruxism and twenty-seven patients suffering from mandibular pain
      dysfunction. No significant differences in serum creatine kinase levels were
      detected between any of the groups.

PMID- 6583371
TI  - Antiplaque properties of sustained release SnF2: pilot studies.
AB  - Pilot studies examining the physical and clinical properties of an intracoronal
      sustained release fluoride delivery system were performed. After testing various
      percentages of SnF2 incorporated into polycarboxylate, zinc phosphate, and zinc
      oxide cements, 70% SnF2 polycarboxylate cement was found to have adequate
      compressive strength while releasing the greatest amount of fluoride in vitro. A
      30-day in vivo trial, in which this fluoride cement was used as a temporary
      intracoronal restoration, produced elevated salivary fluoride levels with only
      transient elevation in urinary fluoride levels. Plaque scores decreased during
      the experimental period, suggesting that the released SnF2 affected bacterial
      growth or attachment. The SnF2-polycarboxylate cement was an adequate temporary
      restorative material without significant side effects.

PMID- 6583372
TI  - Fluoride enhancement of chlorhexidine uptake by hydroxyapatite and enamel
      powders.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to examine the in vitro adsorption of
      chlorhexidine and fluoride to hydroxyapatite and tooth enamel powders. Samples of
      hydroxyapatite or enamel powder were suspended in aqueous solutions of
      chlorhexidine gluconate 2.0; chlorhexidine acetate 1.5%; sodium fluoride of
      various concentrations (0.2%, 1%, 2%) and mixtures of sodium fluoride and
      chlorhexidine. The data obtained in the study show that chlorhexidine and
      fluoride adsorb to hydroxyapatite and tooth enamel in vitro. Furthermore, the
      amount of fluoride adsorbed to hydroxyapatite is reduced in the presence of
      chlorhexidine in the solution. A probable explanation for this effect may be that
      there is a competitive adsorption of fluoride and chlorhexidine on to the same
      binding sites on the hydroxyapatite. Additionally, the presence of fluoride
      dramatically increases the affinity of chlorhexidine for hydroxyapatite. The fact
      that fluoride strongly enhanced the adsorption of chlorhexidine to hydroxyapatite
      and enamel, indicates that fluoride may be of clinical interest beyond the
      prevention of caries.

PMID- 6583373
TI  - Three year follow-up TMJ patients: success rates and silent periods.
AB  - A telephone survey to assess treatment success was conducted 2-3 years after
      treatment of patients suffering from TMJ syndrome. Pre-treatment silent period
      durations were compared among groups of patients determined by their response to
      the telephone survey. The short-term (immediately post-treatment) improvement
      rate was 81%. Some 35% of patients were completely cured. There was no
      statistically significant difference in mean silent period duration among the
      groups of patients that achieved complete, partial or no relief of symptoms. The
      long-term (2-3 years after treatment) persistence of improvement rate was 72%.
      There was also no statistical difference in the mean silent period duration
      between those patients who had experienced persistence of success and those who
      reported either no relief or relapse of symptoms.

PMID- 6583374
TI  - Mastication after surgical reconstruction of the mandibular residual ridge.
AB  - A group of thirty-one female denture patients who underwent surgical
      reconstruction of their deficient residual ridges with ridge extension and skin
      graft or ridge augmentation with bone graft were evaluated with regard to their
      masticatory function before surgery, then at 8 months and 12 months post
      operative with their new dentures. Two objectives tests of masticatory efficiency
      were used. The masticatory efficiency index (MEI), based on the size of chewed
      almond particles, determined the potential capacity of patients to masticate
      while the masticatory performance (MP) based on the time required to masticate
      food before swallowing assessed the individual ability of each patient to chew
      food. A subjective index of difficulty (SD) provided information on the patient's
      own assessment of chewing difficulty of certain foods selected for their hard
      texture. The evolution of each index and their interrelationship were
      statistically evaluated. It was shown that the masticatory performance (MP) and
      the subjective index of difficulty (SD) both improved significantly during the
      rehabilitation period and even more rapidly than the masticatory efficiency index
      (MEI). The discrepancy between the objective and the subjective tests and the
      overestimation from the patients indicate that the real benefit of the
      rehabilitation is not limited to improved chewing, but also to an acquired self
      confidence in mastication.

PMID- 6583375
TI  - A statistical quirk? Reply to Kellerman, Moss, and Siegel.

PMID- 6583376
TI  - Wishing doesn't make it so: a close look at Stehbens' "refutation".

PMID- 6583377
TI  - Nude mouse xenograft study for treatment of neuroblastoma: effects of
      chemotherapeutic agents and surgery on tumor growth and cell kinetics.
AB  - Four human neuroblastomas transplanted into nude mice were used for experimental
      chemotherapy and surgery, and the following results were obtained.
      Cyclophosphamide was the most effective for human neuroblastoma, cis-platinum
      being the second, among several chemotherapeutic drugs examined. Aclacinomycin A
      is more effective than Adriamycin. VM26 should be administered 48 to 72 hours
      after injection of cis-platinum, according to flow cytometric analysis. Flow
      cytometric analysis also disclosed that residual tumor grows most rapidly seven
      days after subtotal excision. However, chemotherapy is more effective in the
      postoperative period than it is in the preoperative period.

PMID- 6583378
TI  - p-Nitrophenol sulfation in rat liver cytosol: multiple forms and substrate
      inhibition of aryl sulfotransferase.
AB  - The p-nitrophenol (PNP) sulfate conjugation rate in rat liver cytosol at pH 7.4
      under 10-30 microM 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) was decreased at
      10-200 microM PNP and increased again at more than 200 microM PNP. The higher the
      PAPS concentration, the more remarkable such substrate inhibition. These results
      indicate that the substrate inhibition was due to the direct interaction of PNP
      with the aryl sulfotransferase (phenol sulfotransferase, PST). The PST reaction
      was thermolabile at less than 20 microM PNP but thermostable at more than 200
      microM PNP. The Km values for PAPS obtained in the PST reactions where the
      inhibition was not observed was about 23 microM at 2.5-5 microM PNP and 11-14
      microM at more than 200 microM PNP. And the Km values for PNP at more than 500
      microM PNP was 2.2-2.6 mM. On the other hand, the inhibition in the PST reaction
      at pH 5.6 was observed at much higher PNP concentration, approximately 200
      microM, than that at pH 7.4. Based on these characteristic results, the
      correspondence of the PST catalyzing the PNP sulfate conjugation (pH 7.4) at the
      low and high concentrations of PNP in the liver cytosol with the multiplicity
      obtained in the purified preparation of the liver previously reported by another
      researchers was compared and discussed. Finally the selection of an endogeneous
      substrate for estimating such complexed sulfate conjugation in advance in each
      individual man was also proposed.

PMID- 6583379
TI  - Participation of cytochrome b5 electron transport system coupled with delta 5-3
      beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase on cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase reactions of
      guinea pig adrenal microsomes.
AB  - Not only cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome P-450 reductase, but considerable amount
      of cytochrome b5 and cytochrome b5 reductase were also contained in the adrenal
      microsomes of guinea pig. Addition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)
      stimulates the activities of cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases such as 21
      hydroxylase, 17 alpha-hydroxylase and C17,20 lyase supported with nicotinamide
      adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) as a cofactor. In addition, substrate for
      delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase plus NAD+ also stimulate the same
      cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase activities. These observations were suggesting the
      participation of cytochrome b5 electron transport system on cytochrome P-450
      monooxygenase (21-hydroxylase, 17 alpha-hydroxylase and C17,20 lyase) reactions
      associated with the biosynthesis of corticoids and adrenal androgens.
      Furthermore, it is also suggesting that cytochrome b5 electron transport system
      involves the reaction of delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.

PMID- 6583380
TI  - Alleviation of myofascial pain with ultrasonic therapy.
AB  - In recent years ultrasound has been used extensively in physical medicine with
      considerable success. Its use has not been advocated extensively, however, for
      MPDS. This article summarized the basic concepts of ultrasound and evaluated its
      effectiveness in the treatment of 28 patients with MPDS. In conclusion, it
      appears that therapeutic ultrasound can be used effectively to alleviate
      discomfort of MPDS that does not respond to occlusal splint therapy. Ultrasound
      is most successful in alleviating muscle symptoms and least effective in reducing
      symptoms associated with the disk. Age was not a significant factor in the
      efficacy of ultrasound.

PMID- 6583381
TI  - Current concepts for relining complete dentures: a survey.
AB  - Reline procedures for complete dentures have received scant attention in the
      literature. Fifty-seven dental colleges responded to an 11-item survey on reline
      procedures. According to the tabulated data, most dental schools recommended the
      following (not necessarily our recommendations). Leave the denture(s) out of the
      mouth for at least 24 hours prior to fabrication of the reline impressions. Use
      tissue-conditioning material only on selected patients. Use Coe Comfort as the
      tissue-conditioning material of choice. Place either none or one relief hole in
      the maxillary denture, and place no relief holes in the mandibular denture prior
      to the impression(s). Place relief holes along the palatal midline of the
      maxillary denture. No specific size is recommended for the palatal relief holes.
      Place 1 mm of basal surface relief and 1 to 2 mm of border relief before the
      reline impression is made. Use a polysulfide rubber base material as the material
      of choice for reline impressions. Use a closed mouth impression technique. Remove
      the palate from the maxillary denture prior to processing. Use heat-cured resin
      (Lucitone) for processing. Use pressure-indicator paste prior to delivery of the
      denture(s). Remount the complete denture(s) on an articulator after processing
      for making occlusal corrections.

PMID- 6583382
TI  - The effect of carbon fiber orientation on the fatigue resistance and bending
      properties of two denture resins.
AB  - The following conclusions were made concerning the effects of carbon fiber
      orientation on the flexural fatigue resistance and bending properties of two
      denture base acrylic resins. Hi-I resin, regardless of fiber presence or
      orientation, was more resistant to flexural fatigue than Lucitone resin. Carbon
      fibers placed perpendicular to the direction of applied stress produced the most
      favorable combination of increased resistance to bending and to flexural fatigue.
      Production of properly oriented fibers that are well centered within the resin is
      technically difficult and yields less predictable property improvements than
      result from randomly dispersed fibers.

PMID- 6583384
TI  - Temporary cementation of fixed prosthesis.

PMID- 6583383
TI  - The declining complete denture patient pool in dental schools.

PMID- 6583385
TI  - Ultrasonic hardening of annealed copper bands.

PMID- 6583386
TI  - The edentulous milieu.

PMID- 6583387
TI  - Incidence of mandibular dysfunction symptoms in individuals who remove their
      complete dentures during sleep.

PMID- 6583388
TI  - Some esthetic factors in a smile.
AB  - A survey of the characteristics of an open smile was conducted with 454 full-face
      photographs of randomly selected dental and dental hygiene students. Findings
      show that an average smile exhibits approximately the full length of the
      maxillary anterior teeth, has the incisal curve of the teeth parallel to the
      inner curvature of the lower lip, has the incisal curve of the maxillary anterior
      teeth touching slightly or missing slightly the lower lip, and displays the six
      upper anterior teeth and premolars. Consideration of the characteristics may be
      useful in improving the esthetics of restorations.

PMID- 6583389
TI  - Microleakage of direct gold restorations: an in vitro study.

PMID- 6583390
TI  - An alternative treatment of proximal marginal caries in crowned teeth.

PMID- 6583391
TI  - An intraoral-extraoral radiation carrier for tumors of the lip.
AB  - The alternatives for treatment of lip tumors have been discussed. The fabrication
      and use of an intraoral-extraoral radiation carrier for iridium 192 have been
      described.

PMID- 6583392
TI  - In vivo forces on endosteal implants: a measurement system and biomechanical
      considerations.

PMID- 6583393
TI  - An approach to the management of temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction
      syndrome.

PMID- 6583394
TI  - Centric relation change during therapy with corrective occlusion prostheses.

PMID- 6583395
TI  - The nutritional intake of geriatric patients with varied dentitions.

PMID- 6583396
TI  - Visible light-cured composite resins: an alternative for anterior provisional
      restorations.
AB  - An alternative technique for making custom anterior provisional crowns has been
      presented. This approach, using a microfilled composite resin, should produce
      time-saving, long-lasting, and esthetic provisional restorations.

PMID- 6583397
TI  - Evaluation of the third point of reference for mounting maxillary casts on the
      Hanau articulator.

PMID- 6583398
TI  - Microleakage of composite resin restorations.

PMID- 6583399
TI  - Surface mercury content and roughness after delayed burnishing of amalgam.

PMID- 6583400
TI  - Influence of gauging water composition on dental stone expansion and setting
      time.

PMID- 6583401
TI  - Comparison of two methods for measurement of immediate Bennett shift.
AB  - IBS was measured by an intraoral interocclusal record and an extraoral method.
      The extraoral method gave significantly greater values statistically. Although
      more time consuming, the extraoral method provided a means of verification that
      is not obtainable by interocclusal records.

PMID- 6583402
TI  - The hinge axis transfer procedure: a three-dimensional error analysis.

PMID- 6583403
TI  - A preliminary study of biomechanical changes produced by orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6583404
TI  - The future of prosthodontics.

PMID- 6583405
TI  - Discrepancies in dental education: is general practice influenced by design or
      default?

PMID- 6583407
TI  - Prerestoration centric occlusal contacts.

PMID- 6583406
TI  - Physiologic occlusal contacts: premarked for prevention.

PMID- 6583408
TI  - Effect of exogenous ovine placental lactogen on luteolysis induced by
      prostaglandin F-2 alpha in sheep.
AB  - The ability of ovine placental lactogen (oPL) to stimulate progesterone secretion
      by the ovary as well as its ability to protect the corpus luteum against the
      luteolytic action of PGF-2 alpha was investigated. When oPL was infused alone
      into the ovary for 2 h on Day 12 of an induced cycle at rates of 0.6, 6.0, 30.0
      or 60.0 micrograms/h there was no significant increase in progesterone secretion
      by the autotransplanted ovary in 7 sheep. An extension of the infusion of oPL did
      not prevent luteal regression during the administration of PGF-2 alpha given
      either continuously (10 micrograms/h for 6 h, 5 sheep) or as 5 pulses each
      lasting 1 h and of increasing concentration in 25 h (2 sheep). We conclude that
      oPL does not (a) stimulate progesterone secretion when infused directly into the
      arterial supply of the ovary or (b) have any direct protective effect against the
      luteolytic action of PGF-2 alpha on the ovine CL.

PMID- 6583410
TI  - Target tissue models: the proteoglycans and degeneration of the human
      intervertebral disc.
AB  - Seventy-five intervertebral discs from 15 spines were analyzed after morphologic
      grading. With degeneration, the water and proteoglycan (PG) contents decreased
      and the collagen content increased. The PG was isolated from 20 discs by single
      stage dissociative density gradient ultracentrifugation. Neither the chondroitin
      6-sulphate nor the protein contents of the PG changed with degeneration although
      the keratan sulphate fell slightly.

PMID- 6583409
TI  - Effects of age and steroid treatment on prostaglandin production by the rat
      uterus in relation to implantation.
AB  - Prostaglandin (PG) production by the uterus of ovariectomized virgin rats, with
      and without replacement steroid therapy, was compared in animals aged 4-5 and 13
      14 months. The synthesizing capacities of the uterus for PGE-2, PGF-2 alpha. 6
      keto-PGF-1 alpha and thromboxane (TX) B-2 (expressed as the amounts synthesized
      per mg protein by the homogenized tissue during a 90-min incubation) were
      significantly lower in the ageing uteri than in young uteri. The PG and TX
      synthesizing capacities of the young uteri, but not of the ageing uteri, were
      stimulated by sequential treatment with oestradiol and progesterone implants.
      Tissue concentrations in and release from the uteri of PGE-2, but not of PGF-2
      alpha, were significantly lower in ageing rats than in younger rats, and occurred
      irrespective of the hormonal status. Treatment with steroids did not stimulate
      the tissue concentrations in or release from the uterus of PGE-2 or PGF-2 alpha
      in young or ageing rats. Since PGs, particularly PGE-2, produced by the rat
      uterus have been implicated as mediators of the implantation process, reduced
      production of PGE-2 by the ageing uterus may explain the lower implantation rate
      and the consequent reduction in fertility of ageing rats.

PMID- 6583411
TI  - Target tissue models: cartilage changes in experimental osteoarthritis in the
      dog.
AB  - Transection of the anterior cruciate ligament in the dog knee leads to a
      reproducible defined osteoarthritis (OA) with erosive cartilage loss,
      subchrondral sclerosis, and osteophyte formation, enabling studies of cartilage
      biochemistry before morphological changes are apparent. As early as 1 week after
      operation, menisci showed increased water content , 20% loss of galactosamine,
      and 40% loss of glucosamine. There was increased synthesis of larger
      proteoglycans (PG) at 3, 6, and 12 weeks, and the synthesis was greater in the
      menisci than the articular cartilage. there was no apparent impairment of the PG
      ability to aggregate with hyaluronate.

PMID- 6583412
TI  - Histopathology of the subchondral bone lesion in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Lesions observed in the subchondral marrow of metatarsal and metacarpal heads in
      advanced rheumatoid arthritis are characterized by proliferation of fibroblasts,
      deposition of collagen, formation of thin-walled vascular channels, infiltrates
      of macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells, and new bone formation. The
      overlying hyaline articular cartilage is often necrotic; pannus formation is
      absent. Although the tissue reaction is basically reparative in nature,
      aggregates of lymphocytes and plasma cells are also observed around small blood
      vessels in deeper regions of the bone marrow and may point to a primary bone
      lesion in this disease.

PMID- 6583413
TI  - Cellular mechanisms of bone damage and repair in the arthritic joint.
AB  - Trabeculae and subchondral bone have been studied by scanning electron microscopy
      (EM) and fluorescence microscopy from joints removed surgically in patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and "normals" who had leg
      amputations with no primary arthritis. In the arthritic specimens, inflammation,
      bone damage and repair varied in different areas of the same joint. Osteoclasts
      and mononuclear cells were associated with areas of resorption--together and
      separately. Scanning EM showed trabeculae in RA to be thinner, narrower, fewer,
      and with spindle forms compared with thicker trabeculae in OA. Attempts at repair
      were more successful in OA despite the higher bone turnover which occurred
      locally at the rheumatoid joint.

PMID- 6583414
TI  - The role of catabolin in the control of cartilage matrix integrity.
AB  - Living articular cartilage may be stimulated to degrade its matrix totally by the
      influence of catabolic messengers. One such messenger which has been isolated and
      purified from synovial tissue and blood leukocytes is catabolin. This is a 20,000
      molecular weight pI 4.5 protein, which acts on living chondrocytes in subnanogram
      concentrations. Studies on its synthesis, translocation, and secretion from
      synovial tissue are reported. Its secretion, but not its principal function, is
      inhibited by cortisol. Its mode of action appears to be in invoking catabolic
      responses from effector cells. It may also inhibit the synthesis of matrix
      components. The possible role of catabolin and other messengers in arthritis will
      be considered.

PMID- 6583415
TI  - Biosynthesis and turnover of proteoglycans in organ culture of bovine articular
      cartilage.
AB  - The biosynthesis and turnover of proteoglycans (PG) in organ cultures of bovine
      metacarpalphalangeal cartilage are described. After a few days in the presence of
      fetal calf serum, the amount of PG in the tissue is maintained at a constant
      level and the rate of PG biosynthesis is maintained at a high rate. Under these
      "steady state" conditions PG biosynthesis and turnover must be in balance.
      Exposure of tissue to lipopolysaccharides reduces the rate of synthesis while
      increasing the rate of turnover, thereby yielding net loss of PG from the matrix.
      After an initial mild trypsin digestion to remove PG from the matrix, turnover of
      PG is reduced in the cultures and a net increase of PG occurs with time. It is
      suggested that viable chondrocytes can regulate local concentrations of PG in
      their surrounding matrix by altering both biosynthetic and turnover parameters.

PMID- 6583416
TI  - Mechanisms of connective tissue destruction and repair in articular tissues. 1st
      Edward Dunlop Scientific Symposium. Kingston, Ontario, Canada, October 8 and 9,
      1982.

PMID- 6583417
TI  - Factors controlling growth and differentiation in the repair of articular
      cartilage.
AB  - Two avenues of repair of joint cartilage are permissible biologically: 1)
      replication of chondrocytes, and 2) callus-like metaplasia of articular
      mesenchyme. The bulk of cartilage present in advanced osteoarthritis (OA) is
      formed by the latter means. The osteophytes, eburnation, and myxoid proliferation
      in the pseudocysts of OA should be regarded as reparative phenomena. OA
      represents more an aberration than an inability of the joint surface to repair.

PMID- 6583418
TI  - Control of glycosaminoglycan synthesis and connective tissue differentiation in
      culture by solubilized bone matrix fractions.
AB  - Implantation of decalcified bone matrix in rodents induces the formation of new
      cartilage and bone by responding cells. Extraction of the bone matrix with high
      ionic strength solutions, followed by solubilization of part of the extract in
      isotonic salt solution, yielded material which stimulated glycosaminoglycan (GAG)
      synthesis by monolayers of fibroblastic cells. Bone is greatly enriched in this
      stimulatory activity compared to other connective tissues. However, fibroblastic
      cells from different sources respond to the stimulatory effect of low
      concentrations of the solubilized material. Kinetic studies of the GAG
      synthesized and secreted by the cultured cells revealed that a major stimulation
      of GAG secretion occurred at the cell surface as an early event following
      stimulation with the bone matrix extract. GAG accumulation in the culture medium
      occurs at a greater rate in cultures that have been stimulated with the bone
      matrix extract than in controls.

PMID- 6583419
TI  - Extracellular bone matrix dependent local induction of cartilage and bone.
AB  - Implantation of demineralized bone matrix in extraskeletal sites results in
      induction of new cartilage and bone formation locally. The sequence of events
      during this induction is reminiscent of embryonic development. Although the
      precise molecular mechanisms are unknown, several biochemical features of the
      bone induction are described. The extracellular bone matrix has components with
      chemotactic, mitogenic, and differentiative activities. It is likely that a
      matrix-dependent sequential cascade regulates bone induction.

PMID- 6583421
TI  - Osteosarcoma in a young Great Dane dog.
AB  - A 10-month-old Great Dane dog was presented showing lameness in the left foreleg.
      Radiographic examination revealed a severe bony reaction of the left distal
      radius and ulna. The reaction together with associated soft tissue swelling
      increased dramatically over a 6 week period. A diagnosis of osteogenic sarcoma
      was confirmed histologically and the dog was euthanased. Metastases were found
      post mortem in the left prescapular lymph node and left lung.

PMID- 6583420
TI  - Complexity of proteoglycan organization in articular cartilage: recent
      observations.
AB  - Antibodies to aggregating high buoyant density cartilage proteoglycans (PG) and
      to link proteins have been used to study the distribution of these molecules in
      adult bovine and human articular cartilages. The work on bovine cartilages has
      been described in detail elsewhere. In human articular cartilage there was a
      striking deficiency of PG in the interterritorial region of the deep zone and of
      link protein in territorial sites in this and the mid zone. Thus aggregated PG
      stabilized in their interaction with link protein, are probably mainly present in
      the interterritorial matrix of the mid zones of human cartilage and in the deep
      zone of bovine cartilage. This apparent deficiency of PG in the interterritorial
      matrix of the deep zone in adult human cartilage may produce greater weaknesses
      in this older cartilage.

PMID- 6583422
TI  - Professional liability commentary. Court decisions.

PMID- 6583423
TI  - AMA House of Delegates' actions.

PMID- 6583424
TI  - AMA principles of medical ethics.

PMID- 6583425
TI  - The area health education center program.

PMID- 6583426
TI  - Infantile embryonal carcinoma in children.

PMID- 6583427
TI  - Acute radiation pneumonitis.

PMID- 6583429
TI  - Accreditation issues: new medical staff standards.

PMID- 6583428
TI  - Monitoring.

PMID- 6583430
TI  - Perspective on contact lenses. Interview by Phyllis L. Rakow.

PMID- 6583431
TI  - Malignant mesenchymoma of the spermatic cord.
AB  - Sarcomas of the spermatic cord are rare, with only approximately 200 such tumors
      reported in the literature. Of those cases only 3 fit the definition of malignant
      mesenchymoma: a mesenchymal tumor with 2 or more malignant elements other than
      fibrosarcoma. We report the fourth such case treated by local excision alone. The
      patient was free of disease 6 years after treatment.

PMID- 6583432
TI  - Centrally induced vasopressor and sympathetic nerve responses to carbachol in
      rats.
AB  - Blood pressure rose when carbachol was injected into the cerebral ventricles in
      conscious rats, but the heart rate fell. When rats were later anesthetized with
      urethane to allow recording of abdominal sympathetic nerve activity, carbachol
      injected similarly produced the following biphasic responses: initial
      vasodepression followed by a sustained pressor phase accompanied by corresponding
      changes in peripheral sympathetic nerve activity. The heart rate was transiently
      suppressed following the injection. Spinal section abolished the initial
      hypotensive phase and accompanying bradycardia and made the response purely
      pressor. By contrast, intravenous injections elicited purely vasodepressor
      responses. Thus, carbachol administered centrally caused vasopressor responses
      possibly via both activation of sympathetic vasomotor centers and a release of
      pituitary hormones. Since anesthesia attenuated the pressor responses and made
      them biphasic, these results indicate that central cholinergic mechanisms are
      inhibited during anesthesia and that a sympatho-inhibitory mechanism of
      cholinergic receptors exists behind the pressor responses, as disclosed during
      anesthesia.

PMID- 6583433
TI  - [Nursing care of the patient with acute myelogenous leukemia under chemotherapy].

PMID- 6583434
TI  - Effect of prostaglandins on mucosal blood flow and aspirin-induced damage in the
      canine stomach.
AB  - This study deals with the action in anesthetized dogs of prostaglandin E2 and F2
      alpha given into the celiac artery and the femoral vein on gastric mucosal blood
      flow and on gastric mucosal damage induced by aspirin. In the non-stimulated
      stomach, infusion of prostaglandin E2 or F2 alpha into the celiac artery resulted
      in a marked increase in mucosal blood flow and a sustained decrease,
      respectively. In contrast, an infusion of prostaglandin E2 into the femoral vein
      produced a decrease in mucosal blood flow, whereas prostaglandin F2 alpha
      produced a biphasic response: a transient increase followed by a decrease. It was
      observed that intravenously infused prostaglandin E2, while reducing mucosal
      blood flow, significantly diminished mucosal lesions, altered transmucosal
      potential differences and H+ back-diffusion induced by a topical application of
      aspirin. The findings indicate that the action of prostaglandins on gastric
      mucosal blood flow alters depending on the route of administration and that
      prostaglandins seem to exert gastric cytoprotection through mechanisms other than
      an increase in mucosal blood flow.

PMID- 6583435
TI  - Cancer mortality among farmers.

PMID- 6583436
TI  - Sensitivity of human carcinoma cell lines to lysis by blood natural killer cells
      correlating with surface expression of carcinoembryonic antigen.
AB  - The HCT-8R clone of the HCT-8 human colon tumor line, which expresses increased
      quantities of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) on its surface, was discovered to
      have an enhanced susceptibility to lysis by natural killer (NK) cells in human
      peripheral blood. This increase in susceptibility to lysis by peripheral blood
      mononuclear cells was not explained by stimulation of interferon release by HCT
      8R cells but rather was found to be attributable to an increased susceptibility
      of HCT-8R cells to lysis by those NK cells that bind to sheep erythrocytes (E
      RFC). Cold target competition experiments and single-cell assay for cytotoxic
      cells suggested that the presence of surface CEA did not increase lysis of HCT-8R
      by facilitating "recognition" by E-RFC-type cytotoxic cells but by rendering HCT
      8R cells more susceptible to the lytic mechanism of NK cells. The magnitude of
      expression of surface CEA by a variety of human carcinoma cell lines with a few
      exceptions and subclones of HCT-8 also correlated with increased susceptibility
      to lysis by blood mononuclear cells. The possible clinical significance of these
      findings was discussed.

PMID- 6583437
TI  - Characterization of a cell line derived from the ascites of a patient with
      papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary.
AB  - An established cell line derived from the ascites of a patient with serous
      cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary has been characterized. Features studied included
      morphology, ultrastructure, clonogenicity in soft agar, population doubling time,
      karyotype, and chemosensitivity. The results indicated that the cells growing in
      culture were malignant ovarian tumor cells. These cells retained the ability to
      form free-floating cysts in culture, which were also present in the original
      ascitic fluid. The cell line had a chromosome number of 80-92 with no distinct
      mode and 15 stable markers. At passage 4 the cell line showed resistance to
      doxorubicin [adriamycin (ADM)], phosphoramide mustard (PM), and cisplatin [cis
      dichlorodiammineplatinum(II)] (CIS) but rapidly reverted to CIS sensitivity. At
      passage 25 the cell line was still resistant to ADM and PM, but by passage 59
      sensitivity to these drugs appeared to have increased. Frozen cells from passage
      15 onward are available.

PMID- 6583438
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies against cell surface antigens present on human urinary
      bladder cancer cells.
AB  - After hybridomas were prepared by cell fusion between the mouse myeloma cell line
      P3x63Ag8.653 and the spleen cells of a BALB/c mouse hyperimmune to the human
      bladder cancer KU-1 cell line, they were cloned. Monoclonal antibodies (HBA4,
      HBE3, HBE10, HBF2, HBG9, and HBH8) from the hybridoma clones were selected for
      their serologic reactivity to cell surface antigens of KU-1 cells and for their
      unresponsiveness to 2 human lymphoma cell lines. They were cross-reactive with a
      characteristic portion of human epithelial tumor cell lines and with surgically
      resected bladder cancer tissues. With regard to reactivity to normal human cells
      and tissues, HBG9 alone was reactive to epidermis and both HBF2 and HBH8 were
      reactive to erythrocytes, but none of the other 3 monoclonal antibodies was
      reactive to any normal cells or tissues. The biochemical analysis of the antigens
      defined at least three antigenic systems. One system was a glycopeptide complex
      recognized by HBA4, HBE3, and HBG9, and it consisted of molecules having
      molecular weights of 78,000 (major) and 40,000 and 130,000, as judged by sodium
      dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the 125I-radiolabeled
      extracts of KU-1 cells. Treatment of KU-1 cells with tunicamycin or neuraminidase
      lowered the reactivity to these antibodies, suggesting that the antigenic
      determinants reside in sialoglycoproteins. Antigenic determinants against HBG9
      and the other two antibodies (HBA4 and HBE3) appeared to be different, as judged
      by the serologic reactivities. The other two antigenic systems detected by HBE10,
      HBF2, and HBH8 were defined as neutral glycolipids, according to heat stability,
      solubility in organic solvents, and characters in lipid fractionation. When
      examined by thin-layer chromatography in chloroform-methanol-0.25% KCl (30:15:4),
      a lipid component recognized by HBE10 migrated to a single zone [retardation
      factor (Rf), 0.33]. The other two antibodies (HBF2 and HBH8) did detect two lipid
      components (Rf, 0.23 and 0.33). Although the lipid component detected by HBE10
      showed the same migration distance as one of the components detected by HBH8 (or
      HBF2), the antigenic determinants defined by these antibodies appeared to be
      different, as judged by their serologic reactivities.

PMID- 6583440
TI  - Trihalomethanes in drinking water and human colorectal cancer.
AB  - The relation of trihalomethanes (THM) to colorectal cancer was evaluated. A total
      of 395 colorectal cancer deaths among white women teachers in New York State was
      compared to an equal number of deaths of teachers from noncancerous causes.
      Cumulative chloroform (CHCl3) exposure was estimated by the application of a
      statistical model to operational records from the individual water treatment
      facilities that served the home and work addresses of each study subject during
      the 20 years prior to death. The odds of exposure to a surface source containing
      little or no THM was no greater for cases than for controls. The odds ratio =
      1.07; the 90% confidence interval = 0.79-1.43; and the P = .68. The distribution
      of CHCl3 exposure was not significantly different between cases and controls
      (rated by Wilcoxon signed rank statistic = -0.52; P = .60). No effect of
      cumulative CHCl3 exposure on outcome was seen in a logistic analysis controlling
      for average source type, population density, marital status, age, and year of
      death (likelihood ratio test statistic = 0.047; P = .83).

PMID- 6583439
TI  - Risk of leukemia associated with the first course of cancer treatment: an
      analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program experience.
AB  - The risk of leukemia associated with the first course of cancer treatment was
      evaluated in over 440,000 patients diagnosed during 1973-80 (average follow-up =
      1.91 yr) from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End
      Results Program. Although the reporting of the first course of therapy probably
      was incomplete, 34 acute nonlymphocytic leukemias (ANLL) developed compared with
      7.6 expected among 70,674 patients known to receive initial chemotherapy
      [relative risk (RR) = 4.5, 95% confidence interval (Cl) = 3.1-6.3]. Significant
      ANLL excesses were observed following chemotherapy for breast cancer (RR = 8.1),
      ovarian cancer (RR = 22.2), and multiple myeloma (RR = 9.5). Patients initially
      treated with radiation (with no record of chemotherapy) also had a significantly
      increased ANLL risk; 45 leukemias occurred versus 17.9 expected (RR = 2.5, 95% Cl
      = 1.8-3.4). In this group, excess ANLL were found following irradiation for
      uterine corpus cancer (RR = 4.0). Kidney and renal pelvis cancer patients had a
      twofold leukemia risk (all types) that was unrelated to treatment (RR = 2.2).

PMID- 6583441
TI  - Biologic properties of three newly established human esophageal carcinoma cell
      lines.
AB  - Three epithelial cell lines, CE-48T/VGH, CE-69T/-VGH, and CE-81T/VGH, were
      established from human squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. The cells were
      polygonal with a high nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio. Many cells were multinucleate.
      Electron microscopy revealed the presence of tonofilaments and desmosomes.
      Chromosome analysis showed that these 3 cell lines were heteroploids of human
      origin. When transplanted into BALB/c (nu/nu) mice, CE-69T/VGH and CE-81T/VGH
      produced tumors, the histology of which proved to be carcinomas. All 3 cell lines
      secreted carcinoembryonic antigen. However, the secretion patterns were
      different. These 3 cell lines may provide useful models for the study of human
      esophageal cancer.

PMID- 6583442
TI  - Correlations between cancer incidence rates from the Canadian National Cancer
      Incidence Reporting System, 1969-78.
AB  - Incidence rates for 19 cancers in females and 16 cancers in males have been
      computed from data reported by 8 Canadian provinces to the National Cancer
      Incidence Reporting System between 1969 and 1978. The rates, very similar in
      absolute and relative magnitude to those reported by the U.S. Third National
      Cancer Survey, have been used to examine patterns of correlation between various
      cancers within the 8 provinces. There is strong evidence of positive associations
      between a number of cancers, including a number of associations that have been
      reported in other similar correlational studies. Correlations that may be of
      particular interest in suggesting etiologic factors in common include clusters of
      smoking-related cancers (buccal cavity with pharynx, larynx, lung, and bladder),
      female sexual cancers (breast, corpus uteri, and ovary), and a group of cancers
      that have shown correlation in other studies (i.e., cancers of the pancreas and
      kidney, leukemias, lymphomas, and cancer of the prostate gland). Organs in the
      gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach, colon, and rectum) anatomically close
      to each other show a high positive correlation in both females and males, but the
      further apart the organs are the lower is the correlation; these observations are
      consistent with other evidence of varying dietary etiologies. Two individual
      correlations of particular interest are those between female brain tumors and
      female bladder cancer (two cancers for which little is known of the etiology for
      a large percentage of them) and those between female breast cancer and female
      lung cancer. This study, the largest correlational study of incidence data
      reported to date, demonstrates the utility of such simple correlational analyses.

PMID- 6583443
TI  - Cancer and dysplasia of cervix in relation to reduced lymphocytic cortisol
      metabolism-enhancing effect.
AB  - In previous studies we found that the plasma of carcinoma patients shows a
      reduced capacity to enhance lymphocytic cortisol metabolism. In the present study
      this capacity was assessed in the plasma of patients suffering from cervical
      carcinoma (Ce. Ca.) and of patients suffering from cervical dysplasia (Ce. Dis.)
      regarded as being at high risk to develop cancer. Known concentrations of human
      lymphocytes from healthy donors were incubated with cortisol in media containing
      50% phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and 50% of one of the following additions: 1)
      homologous plasma (HP), 2) plasma from the patients being tested or from healthy
      controls, or 3) additional PBS. The cortisol conversion rate was measured and
      compared with that obtained with lymphocytes immersed in HP. Previous findings
      showed that the plasma of cancer patients has a mean metabolism-enhancing rate
      62% of that obtained with HP. In the present study the results were as follows:
      Ce. Ca., 60%; Ce. Dis., 70%: controls, 93%. The percentage of "cancer-positive"
      results were as follows: Ce. Ca., 91%; Ce. Dis., 45%; controls, 25%.

PMID- 6583444
TI  - Parallels in the epidemiology of selected anogenital carcinomas.
AB  - Characteristics of Los Angeles, Calif., residents in whom carcinomas of the
      cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, and penis were diagnosed during the period 1972-81
      were compared with those of all residents and with those in whom any cancer was
      diagnosed during the same period. At all five sites, risks for squamous and
      transitional cell carcinomas generally increased with decreasing social class,
      were low among Jews (not explained by social class), and were elevated among
      persons who were separated or divorced at diagnosis compared to married persons.
      Single men had a striking excess of anal but not penile carcinomas. The five
      sites represent contiguous and histologically similar tissues, and the clinical
      literature suggests common risk factors, e.g., sexually transmitted infections
      and other forms of chronic irritation. These observations are all consistent with
      the hypothesis that tumors at these sites have common or similar etiologic
      elements.

PMID- 6583445
TI  - Lack of an elevated risk of malignant melanoma in relation to oral contraceptive
      use.
AB  - Epidemiologic and laboratory data suggest an effect of oral contraceptives (OC)
      on the risk of malignant melanoma. This relationship was explored in a hospital
      based case-control study of 160 women with malignant melanoma and 640 matched
      controls, all of whom were white and 20-59 years of age. A total of 63 cases
      (39%) had used OC compared with 270 controls (42%), yielding a relative risk
      estimate of 0.9 (95% confidence interval: 0.6-1.3). When a number of potential
      confounding factors were simultaneously controlled, the relative risk estimate
      was 0.8 (0.5-1.3). For use that lasted 5 or more years the estimate was 0.9 (0.5
      1.6). The level of tumor invasion was not related to OC use. The evidence from
      this study suggests that OC, even when used for 5 or more years, do not increase
      the risk of malignant melanoma.

PMID- 6583446
TI  - Effect of different levels of dietary zinc on longevity of BALB/c mice inoculated
      with plasmacytoma MOPC 104E.
AB  - The effect of different levels of Zn intake on survival was studied in 6 groups
      of 4-week-old BALB/c mice inoculated with MOPC 104E tumor cells. The first 3
      groups received either a Zn-deficient (0.5 microgram Zn/g), a Zn-supplemented (1
      mg Zn/g), or a control diet (37.5 micrograms Zn/g) starting 11 days after tumor
      inoculation (T11). The remaining 3 groups received the same diets starting the
      day the tumor was implanted (T0). The mean survival of rats beginning the Zn
      deficient diet at T11 was significantly increased compared with that of the
      control group. However, when the same diet was begun at T0, the mean survival of
      the Zn-deficient group was significantly reduced; for this group the results
      probably related to the combined adverse effects from prolonged Zn deficiency and
      to those effects of the tumor itself. Similarly, excess Zn intake significantly
      prolonged the mean survival when given at T11. However, excess Zn intake at T0
      produced no significant effect on survival, probably because of the elevation of
      plasma Zn level following oral Zn intake that occurred before the establishment
      of the tumor or possibly because of the inability of the small intestine to
      absorb excess Zn at T11 when the tumor was fully developed.

PMID- 6583447
TI  - Neurohormonal modulation of natural resistance to a murine lymphoma.
AB  - The hypothesis that neuroendocrine stimulation after aversive handling can alter
      natural resistance was examined in the tail electroshock (TES) model, a procedure
      that can activate pituitary neuropeptide secretion. Immediately after a brief TES
      session, the resistance of DBA/2J mice was suppressed in proportion to the
      intensity of the shock. Initial suppression of the natural resistance was rapidly
      reversed in longer treatment protocols, and repeated aversive stimulation
      augmented the antitumor response, leaving the mice more resistant to lymphoma
      than unhandled animals. Corticosterone was released into the serum after all
      acute handling procedures, and hydrocortisone inoculation suppressed antitumor
      responses. However, serum corticosterone levels did not quantitatively correlate
      with the alterations in natural resistance. The observation that TES-induced
      suppression of natural resistance could be reversed by the opiate receptor
      antagonist naltrexone suggested that endogenous opiated released after TES
      stimulation were immunosuppressive.

PMID- 6583448
TI  - In vitro assessment of cytotoxic agents in murine cancers: comparison between
      antiproliferative and antimetabolic assays.
AB  - Different methods were compared for the in vitro evaluation of the therapeutic
      effects of the antineoplastic agents doxorubicin, cisplatin, fluorouracil, and
      vinblastine sulfate in a model system of murine tumor cell lines consisting of
      L1210 leukemia, P815 mast cell leukemia, and B16 melanoma. Excellent correlations
      were found with the in vivo effects with the use of a soft agar clonogenic assay,
      irrespective of the method of growth assessment (i.e., visual colony counting or
      incorporation of tritiated thymidine in proliferating colonies). Drug effects on
      the proliferation of tumor cell lines in liquid medium frequently led to an
      overestimation or underestimation of the actual in vivo effects. Direct
      incorporation of the radiolabeled precursors thymidine, uridine, and leucine
      after pretreatment with drugs always led to the prediction of resistance and was
      therefore considered unreliable.

PMID- 6583449
TI  - Lectin-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity: assessment of cytotoxic reactivity
      following challenge with syngeneic tumors.
AB  - Spleen cells from syngeneic tumor-bearing mice were examined for direct cell
      mediated cytotoxicity (DCMC) and lectin-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
      (LDCC). In the DCMC assay specific cytotoxicity against the homologous tumor cell
      was assessed. In the LDCC assay cytotoxicity was nonspecifically assessed against
      EL-4 cells in the presence of concanavalin A or phytohemagglutinin. Most tumor
      lines tested (19/22) produced no cytotoxic reactivity in either the DCMC or LDCC
      assays. In the case of the remaining tumor lines (EL-4, BW5147-3, and P815 Y-3),
      significant LDCC, but not DCMC, was detected, which indicated that although
      cytotoxic effector cells had been activated, the reactivity was not directed
      toward the homologous tumor cell or could not be expressed in the DCMC assay. The
      EL-4 and BW5147-3 cell lines proved to be sporadic in terms of their ability to
      induce LDCC, whereas the P815 Y-3 cell line produced consistent LDCC. Reactivity
      induced by P815 Y-3 cells appeared to be due to the constitutive production and
      release of a soluble component which could activate cytotoxic T-cells in vivo.

PMID- 6583450
TI  - Relationship between antigen density and immunotherapeutic response elicited by
      monoclonal antibodies against solid tumors.
AB  - The relationship between the level of cell surface antigen expression and solid
      tumor immunotherapy with monoclonal antibody (MoAb) was evaluated. Two MoAb's
      that were shown effective in the passive therapy of breast carcinomas of human
      origin, established and growing in female Swiss nude mice, were used for these
      studies. Several groups of tumors were produced from cell cultures of different
      passages; each cell culture possessed a distinct target antigen level. Results
      from immunotherapy experiments demonstrated that the amount of tumor reduction
      response after MoAb therapy was proportional to the antigen density at the cell
      surface. Analysis of these data indicated a theoretical improbability of a single
      MoAb treatment being able to completely eradicate solid tumors and may
      necessitate the use of multiple MoAb's to circumvent this problem.

PMID- 6583451
TI  - Comparison of the carcinogenic effectiveness of N-nitrosobis(2
      hydroxypropyl)amine, N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine, N-nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl)(2
      oxopropyl)amine, and N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine in Syrian hamsters.
AB  - For examination of metabolic interrelationships in carcinogenesis between N
      nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine, N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (CAS: 60599-38-4),
      N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (CAS: 53609-64-6), and N-nitroso(2
      hydroxypropyl) (2-oxopropyl)amine, each was given to a separate group of 20
      female Syrian golden hamsters by gavage. All four compounds induced tumors of the
      pancreatic duct and lung tumors, but the incidences varied from one compound to
      another. In addition, N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine and N-nitroso(2
      hydroxypropyl)(2-oxopropyl)amine induced many hepatocellular and
      cholangiocellular neoplasms, which the other two compounds did not. On the basis
      of short time to death with tumors and the relatively low total dose
      administered, N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl) amine appeared to be the most potent
      carcinogen in the hamster among the four. N-nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl)(2
      oxopropyl)amine was next in potency but was considerably weaker than N
      nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine. N-Nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine, which was similar
      in potency to N-nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl) (2-oxopropyl)amine, however, did not
      induce a significant incidence of liver tumors of any type; and N-nitrosobis(2
      hydroxypropyl) amine was considerably less potent than the other three compounds.
      These results did not support the opinion of N-nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl) (2
      oxopropyl)amine as the proximate carcinogenic metabolite of all three compounds
      in the Syrian hamster but instead suggested that these compounds might have acted
      through formation of different and yet unknown carcinogenic intermediates.

PMID- 6583452
TI  - Amelioration of embryotoxicity by structural modification of the terminal group
      of cancer chemopreventive retinoids.
AB  - An oral dose of all-trans-retinoic acid or 13-cis-retinoic acid in the pregnant
      [Lak:LVG(SYR)] hamster caused a dose-dependent increase in malformations in the
      offspring, but an equivalent dose of all-trans-N-ethyl retinamide or 13-cis-N
      ethyl retinamide failed to result in embryotoxicity. The present results show
      that structural modification of the retinoid skeleton can produce compounds that
      retain cancer chemopreventive activity but that lack the teratogenic activity
      common to many synthetic and naturally occurring forms of vitamin A. The results
      indicate that in the case of the retinoids the two kinds of activity-
      interference with the process of carcinogenesis and interference with embryonic
      development--may be divorced.

PMID- 6583453
TI  - Tumor immunotherapy in the mouse with the use of 131I-labeled monoclonal
      antibodies.
AB  - This report describes the use of 131I-labeled monoclonal antibodies in two
      experimental models for tumor immunotherapy. In vitro treatment of the radiation
      induced murine thymoma ITT-1-75NS with radiolabeled anti-Ly-2.1 significantly
      impaired subsequent tumor growth in vivo. However, in vivo treatment of this
      tumor, which previously had been injected into C57BL/6 mice, was unsuccessful. By
      contrast, in vitro treatment of a human colorectal tumor cell line (COLO 205)
      with 131I-labeled 250-30.6--a monoclonal antibody directed against a secretory
      component of normal and malignant gastrointestinal epithelium--completely
      inhibited subsequent tumor growth in BALB/c nude (nu/nu) mice. Furthermore, in
      vivo treatment of preexisting human colorectal tumor xenografts significantly
      impaired progressive tumor growth. Although some tumor inhibition was also
      produced by unlabeled 250-30.6 antibody, this response was considerably amplified
      by treatment with [131I]-labeled 250-30.6 (P less than .05), suggesting that in
      vivo treatment of human tumors with the use of 131I-labeled monoclonal antibodies
      may be clinically beneficial. The antithyroid drug propylthiouracil was used to
      reduce dehalogenation of the radiolabeled immunoglobulins in an attempt to
      improve their therapeutic efficacy.

PMID- 6583454
TI  - Antitumoral activity of indomethacin on experimental esophageal tumors.
AB  - The effect of treatment with indomethacin on diethylnitrosamine (DENA, CAS:55-18
      5; N-nitrosodiethylamine)-induced esophageal tumors was investigated in 128 C57BL
      mice. The number of DENA-induced esophageal tumors was significantly reduced when
      indomethacin was given together with DENA from the outset, suggesting that
      indomethacin may prevent the induction of esophageal tumors in the C57BL mouse.
      Similarly, esophageal tumors were significantly reduced when indomethacin was
      given 4 months after DENA treatment, suggesting that the delayed indomethacin
      administration may inhibit the further appearance of additional esophageal tumors
      in the C57BL mouse.

PMID- 6583455
TI  - Incidence of spontaneous tumors in a group of retired breeder female brown Norway
      rats.
AB  - A group of 80 female retired breeder inbred Brown Norway (BN) rats with recorded
      breeding histories was followed for 150 weeks with regard to spontaneous
      occurrence of tumors. The median survival time of the whole group was 134 weeks.
      Ninety tumors (42 benign tumors, 23 sarcomas, and 25 carcinomas) were found in 64
      animals. Compared with previous findings on virgin female BN rats, the retired
      breeders used in the present study had a strikingly higher incidence (34%) of
      tumors of the genital system but a lower incidence (4%) of breast tumors. The
      breeding histories revealed no relationship between the recorded number of
      litters, number of newborns, age of the mother at the time of her first litter,
      preweanling mortality, and the occurrence of cancer or survival in general.
      Although all animals were kept under identical environmental conditions, animals
      born in the period July-December appeared to have a lower incidence of utero
      vaginal tumors than animals born in the first half of the year. The growth rates
      of 32 tumors inoculated into syngeneic rats were monitored for 26 weeks. They did
      not correlate with the histopathologic characteristics of the specific tumor.
      Malignant or benign tumors showed the same growth variability.

PMID- 6583456
TI  - Spinal cord tumors induced by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea in rats: presence of spinal
      subpial target cells.
AB  - The correlation between induction of spinal cord tumor by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea
      (ENU) (CAS: 759-73-9; 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea) and postnatal cellular
      differentiation of the spinal cord was examined in 6 different strains of rats
      [noninbred Wistar and inbred F344, WF, LE, WF (female) X LE (male), and LE
      (female) X WF (male)]. By perinatal injection of 40 mg ENU/kg, 258 spinal cord
      tumors were induced in 175 of 372 ENU-treated rats. The spinal cords of rats at
      ages ranging from day 1 to day 8 after birth were particularly susceptible to the
      oncogenic effect of ENU. All spinal cord tumors developed in the white matter
      without any segmental predilection site. Moreover, most (93%) were found in the
      subpial region of the spinal cord and were classified as oligodendrogliomas.
      Morphologic and autoradiographic examinations revealed accumulation of spinal
      subpial immature glial cells from day 1 to day 8 after birth when the spinal cord
      had a high susceptibility and most of the cells were destined to differentiate
      into oligodendrocytes. These data show the existence of target cells in the
      spinal cords of rats after ENU carcinogenesis.

PMID- 6583457
TI  - Tumor promotion by dietary fat in azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in
      female F344 rats: influence of amount and source of dietary fat.
AB  - The promoting effect of dietary corn oil (CO), safflower oil (SO), olive oil
      (OO), coconut oil (CC), and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) on azoxymethane
      (AOM)-induced colon tumors was studied in female F344 rats. The animals were fed
      low-fat diets containing 5% CO, 5% SO, or 5% OO 2 weeks before, during, and 1
      week after sc injection of 20 mg AOM/kg body weight. One week after the AOM
      treatment, groups of animals were transferred to high-fat diets containing 23.52%
      CO, 23.52% SO, 23.52% OO, and 23.52% CC, or 5.88% CO + 17.64% MCT; the remaining
      animals were continued on 5% fat diets. All animals were fed these diets until
      the termination of the experiment. Body weights and intakes of calories, protein,
      and micronutrients were comparable among the various dietary groups. The
      incidence of colon tumors was increased in rats fed diets containing high-CO and
      high-SO compared to those fed low-CO and low-SO diets, whereas the diets
      containing high OO, CC, or MCT had no promoting effect on colon tumor incidence.
      There was a significant increase in the excretion of fecal deoxycholic acid,
      lithocholic acid, and 12-ketolithocholic acid in animals fed the high-CO and high
      SO diets and no difference in these secondary bile acids excretion in animals fed
      the high-OO and high-CC diets compared to those animals fed their respective 5%
      fat diets. This study thus indicates that not only the amount of dietary fat but
      also the fatty acid composition (type) of fat are important factors in the
      determination of the promoting effect in colon carcinogenesis.

PMID- 6583458
TI  - A sequential study of methapyrilene hydrochloride-induced liver carcinogenesis in
      male F344 rats.
AB  - Methapyrilene hydrochloride [2-[2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl)-2-thenylamino)pyridine
      monohydrochloride (CAS: 135-23-9)]-induced hepatocarcinogenesis was studied in
      male F344/NCr rats by sequential histologic, histochemical, and biologic methods.
      Methapyrilene hydrochloride was administered in the feed to rats at a
      concentration of 1,000 ppm for periods up to 89 weeks. Groups of rats were killed
      after 5, 10, 15, 29, 40, or 73 weeks of ingesting the carcinogen. Another group
      was allowed to live out their life-span. Hepatocellular eosinophilic foci and
      adenomas were seen after 10 and 15 weeks, respectively. Basophilic foci and
      adenomas were found after 29 and 40 weeks, respectively. Hepatocellular
      carcinomas developed in 5 of 10 rats at week 40, in 3 of 5 rats at week 73, and
      in 19 of 19 rats that lived out their life-span. Carcinomas arose within adenomas
      or as small in situ carcinomas. The histologic types included trabecular,
      adenocarcinoma, mixed, and solid poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas.
      Eleven of the mixed and solid poorly differentiated carcinomas metastasized to
      the lung. Solid poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas grew upon
      transplantation to the mammary fat pad of weanling F344 rats. Cholangiocarcinomas
      were found in 7 of 19 rats only in the life-span group. Mucous cholangiofibrosis
      was seen in all rats after 15 weeks. With the use of Regaud's mitochondrial
      stain, an increased cellular density of mitochondria was seen in some hepatocytes
      of peripheral and central lobular areas and in some hepatocellular carcinoma
      cells, but not in cells in many of the adenomas and foci. Cellular alpha
      fetoprotein was found by immunoperoxidase staining in portions of hepatocellular
      carcinomas, but not in foci, adenomas, and nonneoplastic areas. The majority of
      hepatocytes in foci, adenomas, and hepatocellular carcinomas contained gamma
      glutamyl transpeptidase. The findings suggest that multiple pathways may be
      followed in the development of methapyrilene-induced liver cancer that are
      similar to those found in rats exposed to many other hepatic carcinogens.

PMID- 6583459
TI  - [Functional rearrangement of the renal endocrine system in patients with
      hypertension].

PMID- 6583460
TI  - Phenotypic reversion of D+ and D- mutant clones in mouse myeloid leukemia.

PMID- 6583461
TI  - Identification of hairy cell leukemia subset defining p35 as the human homologue
      of Ii.
AB  - A molecule defining a subset of patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) on the
      basis of being abundantly labeled with [35S]methionine, was demonstrated to be
      the human homologue of murine Ii, a glycoprotein which lacks alloantigenic
      variation and is associated non-covalently with Ia antigens. In one-dimensional
      SDS-polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis, the HCL-subset-defining molecule
      migrated with HLA-DR molecules which were immunoprecipitated with a specific
      heteroantiserum. These molecules were further defined in two-dimensional, SDS and
      non-equilibrium pH gradient electrophoresis of either membrane preparations or
      immunoprecipitates formed with various antibodies. [35S]methionine-labeling of
      the HCL-subset-defining molecule was greater in hairy leukemic cells than in
      lymphoblastoid cell lines. The subset-defining species was associated non
      covalently with HLA-DR alpha and beta chains and ran electrophoretically at a
      position described for murine and human Ii molecules (in terms of pI and weight).
      Metabolic labeling of HLA-A,-B and -DR was also increased in HCL cells relative
      to lymphoblastoid cell lines. A separate protein, of 41,000 mol. wt and pI of 7
      8, resembled another Ii-associated molecule which has been described in murine
      and human studies.

PMID- 6583462
TI  - Evaluation of the clonogenic cell population (Leuk-CFU) in the marrow of BN rats
      during development of a promyelocytic leukemia (BNML): an in vitro assay.
AB  - We report a reproducible in vitro clonogenic assay for the transplantable BN rat
      promyelocytic leukemia (BNML). Colony growth required a feeder activity
      elaborated by normal rat marrow cells. This stimulating activity is ascribed to
      the stromal elements. The in vitro maintained BNML cell line IPC-81 [Lacaze et
      al., Leukemia Research 7, 145 (1983)] also exhibited stimulating activities at
      high cell concentrations, confirming the autocrine capacities previously
      described. The nature of the stimulating activity is unknown but it is probably
      not of CSF type, and is not transferred to culture supernatants. This in vitro
      clonal assay permits the quantification of the clonogenic cells present in
      leukemic marrow during the early stage of the disease, when BNML cells are not
      yet distinguishable morphologically. Leukemic Cell Forming Unit (L-CFU) response
      was linear; 5-10(3) clones can be scored reproducibly. The plating efficiency
      obtained with cultured IPC-81 cells was high (60-90%), whereas marrow
      transplanted leukemia cells had reduced clonogenic capacities. These results are
      discussed.

PMID- 6583463
TI  - Blastic variants of rat promyelocytic leukemia produce neurologic disease.
AB  - The characteristics of tumor cells that enable invasion into normal tissues are
      not well understood. We have derived variants of the promyelocytic leukemia of
      the Brown Norway rat (BNML) that exhibit a high incidence of growth in the
      epidural space and produce paralysis of the hind limbs. This unique animal model
      mimics a major cause of morbidity in human cancer and provides a reproducible
      system in which to study the determinants of metastasis localization.

PMID- 6583464
TI  - An inhibitory effect of arachidonic acid on subsequent responses of canine
      cerebral arteries to serotonin and other agonists.
AB  - Arachidonic acid (AA) at 10(-4)M and 10(-3)M produced a phasic contraction in
      isolated canine basilar arteries that peaked rapidly and then slowly declined.
      This contraction was evidently due to the conversion of AA to prostanoids because
      it was blocked by cyclooxygenase inhibitors and because 11, 14, 17 eicosatrienoic
      acid (10(-3)M), which is not a cyclooxygenase substrate, failed to produce a
      contraction. When the artery was exposed to 10(-3)M AA for 20 min and washed,
      subsequent contractile responses to 10(-6)M serotonin (5-HT) were only 10% of
      control. Contractions produced by prostaglandin E2 (10(-5)M), uridine
      triphosphate (10(-4)M) and potassium (5.5 X 10(-4)M) were inhibited to a lesser
      degree than 5-HT, the response to potassium being the least affected (66% of
      control). This damaging effect of 10(-3)M AA did not occur if the artery was
      washed at peak contraction nor with 10(-4)M AA. Autooxidation products were
      evidently not responsible for the damage because prior oxygenation (90 min) of
      10(-4)M AA had no such effect. Pretreatment with superoxide dismutase or
      ascorbate did not prevent the inhibition, suggesting that free radical reactions
      were not involved. Pretreatment with indomethacin (3 X 10(-4)M) or meclofenamate
      (10(-4)M) also failed to prevent the inhibitory phenomenon. Saponin, a detergent,
      produced similar inhibitory effects but 11, 14, 17 eicosatrienoic acid or oleate
      (10(-3)M) did not. The arteries partially recovered from the inhibition with
      time. In conclusion, AA produced contraction in basilar arteries by inducing
      prostaglandin synthesis but can produce secondarily by an unidentified mechanism
      an inhibition of the contractile responses evoked by various agonists that is
      both time and concentration dependent.

PMID- 6583465
TI  - [Various technics of psychotherapy and their theoretical principles].

PMID- 6583466
TI  - How zealously should a patient with relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia be treated?
      Good survival after five simultaneous, potentially lethal, complications.
AB  - A relapse of acute myeloid leukaemia occurred in a 45-year-old woman 18 months
      after the disease was initially diagnosed and treated. During remission
      reinduction therapy, she developed a Gram-negative septicaemia, acute respiratory
      failure, acute renal failure, diabetic hyperglycaemia with ketoacidosis, and
      probable bacterial meningitis. She required assisted respiration for two days,
      received peritoneal dialysis for five days, and was unconscious for seven days.
      The patient eventually recovered, achieved full remission of her leukaemia, and
      survived a further 2 1/2 years, mostly in excellent health. Oncologists are often
      criticized for unjustifiable optimism and excessive zeal in the treatment of
      patients with malignant disease. This case illustrates that such optimism and
      zeal may be justified, and that intensive efforts to save the lives of seriously
      ill patients with chemosensitive malignant diseases are worthwhile.

PMID- 6583467
TI  - Hypokalaemia and renal impairment in patients with eating disorders.
AB  - The biochemical abnormalities and decreased renal function which developed in two
      patients suffering from eating disorders are reported. These cases illustrate the
      need for biochemical screening of patients with eating disorders to determine if
      significant abnormalities are present and to provide a baseline for future
      investigations.

PMID- 6583468
TI  - Splenectomy after angiographic embolization of the splenic artery in patients
      with massive splenomegaly and severe thrombocytopenia, in juvenile subacute
      myelomonocytic leukemia.
AB  - Splenectomy for massive splenomegaly in thrombocytopenic patients refractory to
      platelet transfusions carries increased surgical risks. Blocking of the splenic
      artery may reduce the size of the organ, prolong the survival of transfused
      platelets, and reduce the surgical complications. We describe four cases of
      extreme splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia where successful splenectomy was
      carried out after angiographic embolization of the splenic artery in children
      with juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia. Significant improvement was observed
      in platelet counts and in the survival of platelets after transfusions in three
      of the patients. There was a concomitant decrease in transfusion requirements.
      Isoimmunization prevented prolonged platelet survival in the fourth case. We
      recommend earlier splenectomy in these patients to reduce transfusion
      requirements and delay the onset of poor platelet survival after transfusions.

PMID- 6583469
TI  - Hypereosinophilic syndrome in acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a chromosome
      translocation [t(5q;14q)].
AB  - We report a case of hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (L1 type, FAB classification) which showed an abnormal
      karyotype. An 8-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital with complaints of
      fever and cough that had persisted for 2 weeks. Peripheral blood examination
      revealed remarkable eosinophilia (120,000/mm3) and a few lymphoblasts. Bone
      marrow examination also revealed many mature eosinophils and 20% lymphoblasts
      that were PAS and peroxidase negative. A direct chromosome analysis of the bone
      marrow cells demonstrated that 12.5% of the spontaneously dividing cells had an
      abnormal karyotype of 46XY, t(5;14) (q31;q32). The chest radiogram showed
      interstitial pneumonia-like densities, and the ECG had the pattern of a right
      bundle branch block. The therapy consisted of prednisolone, high dose of
      methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine. This treatment failed to
      reduce the eosinophil count. On the 4th day after admission, the patient
      developed severe dyspnea, complete A-V block, and died. At postmortem, dense
      infiltrations of eosinophils in various stages of maturation were noted in lungs
      and liver.

PMID- 6583470
TI  - Anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy in children: a report of six cases.
AB  - Although anthracycline antibiotics are among the most useful chemotherapy agents,
      the risk of producing cardiomyopathy and the absence of a reliable noninvasive
      technique to predict subclinical cardiomyopathy remain a major problem. We
      retrospectively reviewed our experience with anthracyclines over a 5-year period.
      Cardiomyopathy developed in 6 of 112 patients (5.3%) treated with anthracyclines
      and was fatal in 5 of the 6 patients. Our incidence and mortality rates are
      higher than those previously reported.

PMID- 6583471
TI  - Mediastinal mass in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who have a mediastinal mass at the
      time of diagnosis are said to have a poor prognosis. However, many factors which
      may not be independent contribute to the success of treatment. We compared the
      disease characteristics and results of therapy in children having large
      mediastinal masses and lymphoblastic leukemia without mediastinal mass. Patients
      with a mediastinal mass had less evidence of marrow failure but were burdened
      with considerably more leukemic cells as measured by peripheral blood white count
      and extent of lymphadenopathy. Since the presence of mediastinal mass was
      strongly associated with these and other poor prognostic characteristics, we used
      multivariate techniques to determine which characteristics were independently
      associated with an increased risk for relapse. White count, extent of
      lymphadenopathy, age, and sex were significant predictors of early relapse, but
      when controlled for these variables the presence of a mass did not predict
      prognosis.

PMID- 6583472
TI  - Serum LDH values in childhood acute leukemias and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AB  - Serum lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) was examined in 66 children with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 26 with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), and
      116 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The mean serum LDH value for the ALL and
      ANLL groups was not significantly different: 970 +/- 105 units/L (mean +/-
      standard error of the mean) and 817 +/- 161 units/L, respectively. The difference
      between the LDH values in patients with ALL (970 +/- 105 units/L) and NHL (551 +/
      51 units/L) was significant (P = .001). In 32% of the patients with ALL and 23%
      of the patients with ANLL, serum LDH values were above 1000 units/L, whereas only
      13% of the cases with NHL had values above 1000 units/L. In patients with ALL the
      LDH levels were correlated with white blood cell counts at the time of diagnosis.
      In NHL, there was no difference in serum LDH levels among the various histologic
      subtypes. Values of LDH in stage IV NHL and in ALL were similar.

PMID- 6583473
TI  - [Graduate professional preparation in dentistry and dental prosthesis].

PMID- 6583474
TI  - [Hepatitis B in dentists. The initial results of a seroepidemiological study of
      students and technicians].

PMID- 6583475
TI  - [Cariogenic pathogenicity and Streptococcus mutans: epidemiologic study of
      elderly edentulous subjects. II].

PMID- 6583476
TI  - [Cryoimmunology and tumors of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6583477
TI  - [Clinico statistical report on cardiac patients of the Centro Cardiopatici
      Piemonte. Cure and prevention of focal infection].

PMID- 6583478
TI  - [Aspects of dental fluorosis in subjects from regions with water rich in fluorine
      and their classification].

PMID- 6583479
TI  - [Effect of the root anatomy of the lower molars on the control of bacterial
      plaque].

PMID- 6583480
TI  - [Survey of the tooth extractions in the 4 years of operation of the University of
      Turin Dental Clinic].

PMID- 6583482
TI  - [Clinical study of the complications and sequelae of fractures of the orbito
      malar-zygomatic complex].

PMID- 6583481
TI  - [Electrogustometric examination of diabetic patients and normal individuals with
      and without fixed and removable dental prostheses. A clinico-statistical
      contribution].

PMID- 6583484
TI  - [Surgical prosthesis (palatine plate) as a useful complement to uranorrhaphy
      intervention].

PMID- 6583483
TI  - [Approaches for extra- and intraoral surgical intervention in correcting
      dysgnathia with severe underdevelopment of the middle third of the face].

PMID- 6583485
TI  - [Surgical technic for extraction of the 3d lower molar while maintaining the
      integrity of the periodontal ligament distal and vestibular to the 2d molar].

PMID- 6583486
TI  - [Incidence of maxillofacial injuries in sports].

PMID- 6583487
TI  - [Biological properties of materials in conservative dentistry. II. Materials for
      cavity lining and cementation].

PMID- 6583488
TI  - [Diagnostic efficacy of a precision tomographic method for studying the
      temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6583489
TI  - [Use of oral ketamine in oral surgery. Clinical experiences in extractive surgery
      and ambulatory pedodontics].

PMID- 6583490
TI  - [Tricyclic antidepressants and MAO inhibitors: how they affect local dental
      anesthesia].

PMID- 6583491
TI  - [Oral autopsy].

PMID- 6583492
TI  - Cell cycle regulation of mouse H3 histone mRNA metabolism.
AB  - The mechanisms responsible for the periodic accumulation and decay of histone
      mRNA in the mammalian cell cycle were investigated in mouse erythroleukemia
      cells, using a cloned mouse H3 histone gene probe that hybridizes with most or
      all H3 transcripts. Exponentially growing cells were fractionated into cell cycle
      specific stages by centrifugal elutriation, a method for purifying cells at each
      stage of the cycle without the use of treatments that arrest growth. Measurements
      of H3 histone mRNA content throughout the cell cycle show that the mRNA
      accumulates gradually during S phase, achieving its highest value in mid-S phase
      when DNA synthesis is maximal. The mRNA content then decreases as cells approach
      G2. These results demonstrate that the periodic synthesis of histones during S
      phase is due to changes in the steady-state level of histone mRNA. They are
      consistent with the conventional view in which histone synthesis is regulated
      coordinately with DNA synthesis in the cell cycle. The periodic accumulation and
      decay of H3 histone mRNA appear to be controlled primarily by changes in the rate
      of appearance of newly synthesized mRNA in the cytoplasm, determined by pulse
      labeling whole cells with [3H]uridine. Measurements of H3 mRNA turnover by pulse
      chase experiments with cells in S and G2 did not provide evidence for changes in
      the cytoplasmic stability of the mRNA during the period of its decay in late S
      and G2. Furthermore, transcription measurements carried out by brief pulse
      labeling in vivo and by in vitro transcription in isolated nuclei indicate that
      the rate of H3 gene transcription changes to a much smaller extent than the
      steady-state levels of the mRNA or the appearance of newly synthesized mRNA in
      the cytoplasm. The results suggest that post-transcriptional processes make an
      important contribution to the periodic accumulation and decay of histone mRNA and
      that these processes may operate within the nucleus.

PMID- 6583493
TI  - Homologous globin cell-free transcription system with comparison of heterologous
      factors.
AB  - Mouse erythroleukemia (MEL) cells provide a useful model system to examine the
      regulation of globin gene expression. MEL cells ordinarily do not express globin
      genes, but in the presence of inducers, such as dimethyl sulfoxide or
      hexamethylene bisacetamide, they mimic erythroid differentiation. We have
      developed a cell-free transcription system from uninduced MEL cells to determine
      the requirements for mRNA synthesis. The MEL system directs accurate
      transcription of adenovirus type 2 major late DNA and mouse betamaj-globin with
      an efficiency comparable to those of HeLa and KB cell extracts. Using the
      procedure of Matsui et al. (T. Matsui, J. Segall, P.A. Weil, and R.G. Roeder, J.
      Biol. Chem. 255:11992-11996, 1980), we have isolated three active fractions from
      both MEL and HeLa cell extracts which are required for accurate transcription and
      have shown that equivalent fractions from MEL and HeLa cell extracts are
      interchangeable. Our findings suggest that the components required for initiation
      of transcription are similar in different cell types, at least to the extent that
      they can be assayed in these in vitro systems.

PMID- 6583495
TI  - [Results of a program of oral hygiene education in a group of school-age
      children].

PMID- 6583494
TI  - Multistep virus-induced leukemogenesis in vitro: description of a model
      specifying three steps within the myeloblastic malignant process.
AB  - A helper-independent Friend leukemia virus was used to infect bone marrow
      cultures. This virus induces myeloblastic leukemia in mice after a long latency
      period. Infection of the bone marrow cultures resulted in the in vitro production
      of myeloblastic leukemogenesis after a long latency period. Three steps were
      observed in the evolution of the infected cultures, and permanent cell lines were
      derived at each step. This allowed us to individualize three successive events in
      the course of the myeloblastic transformation: (i) an abnormal responsiveness to
      the physiological hormone granulo-macrophagic colony-stimulating factor, (ii) the
      acquisition of growth autonomy, and (iii) the acquisition of in vivo
      tumorigenicity.

PMID- 6583496
TI  - [A description of a rare and serious case of atypical oligodontia in an
      adolescent].

PMID- 6583497
TI  - [Dento-periodontopathy in drug dependent patients. II].

PMID- 6583498
TI  - [Initial therapy in periodontal treatment].

PMID- 6583499
TI  - [Condensation of materials for endodontic filling].

PMID- 6583500
TI  - [Presentation of 2 functional regulators modified for the treatment of
      dysfunctional Class II/1].

PMID- 6583501
TI  - [Orthodontic considerations on the subject of tonsillar hypertrophy and
      tonsillectomy].

PMID- 6583502
TI  - [Quadrilateral diagnosis in the beginning of orthodontic cases].

PMID- 6583503
TI  - [Lingual appliances: contribution to the determination of the angle of torque].

PMID- 6583504
TI  - [Cephalometric contribution to the diagnosis of open bite. I: Skeletal open
      bite].

PMID- 6583505
TI  - [Orthodontic cephalometric parameters: relative values of tracings taken from 100
      adult female subjects].

PMID- 6583507
TI  - A radioimmunoassay for ovarian cancer.

PMID- 6583506
TI  - Bromodeoxyuridine resistance: thymidine transport and phosphorylation in Friend
      leukemia cells.
AB  - We have studied multiple step bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) resistance in Friend
      leukemia cells. The mutation rate to 30 micrograms/ml resistance was 5.1 X 10(-5)
      per cell per generation, and to 100 micrograms/ml was 3.7 X 10(-7) per cell per
      generation. Resistant variants could not be obtained in a single step using BrdU
      concentrations higher than 100 micrograms/ml. Three clones isolated through
      multiple step selection were resistant to 640 micrograms/ml of BrdU and deficient
      in thymidine kinase, although their ability to transport radiolabeled thymidine
      was unimpaired relative to wild type. All three clones had low reversion
      frequencies, as judged by plating efficiencies in couterselective HAT medium. Two
      such revertant clones were isolated and tested for their forward mutation
      frequency in BrdU. No resistant clones were obtained when as many as 5 X 10(7)
      cells were tested. This observation argues against the hypothesis that the Friend
      cells possess two functional thymidine kinase loci and that the revertants
      represent a heterozygous condition. We conclude that the hypothesis of null
      mutations within a hemizygous or heterozygous thymidine kinase locus is
      sufficient to account for high-level BrdU resistance in Friend leukemia cells.

PMID- 6583508
TI  - Mercaptopurine "bioavailability".

PMID- 6583509
TI  - An uncommon cause of hematuria: the patient's story.

PMID- 6583510
TI  - Arm drift--a frequent occurrence in normal subjects.

PMID- 6583511
TI  - The identity and in vitro antibiotic sensitivity of aerobic gram-negative rods in
      a community hospital.

PMID- 6583512
TI  - Cryptococcal arthritis of the acromio-clavicular joint.

PMID- 6583513
TI  - There's a fungus among us.

PMID- 6583514
TI  - Impact of pregnancy on adolescent physical, psychosocial and socioeconomic
      development.

PMID- 6583515
TI  - Long-term results in spastic dysphonia.

PMID- 6583516
TI  - AIDS and blood transfusions.

PMID- 6583518
TI  - The sarcoid granuloma as an immune endocrine organ.

PMID- 6583517
TI  - Raynaud's syndrome.

PMID- 6583519
TI  - Things I know and things I don't know: how to develop a better opinion.

PMID- 6583520
TI  - Atrial fibrillation with long survival.

PMID- 6583521
TI  - The state of medicine in 1983. The extinction of the physician.

PMID- 6583522
TI  - The practice of family medicine in North Carolina.

PMID- 6583523
TI  - Thorotrast.

PMID- 6583524
TI  - Alcoholism treatment today.

PMID- 6583525
TI  - Strongyloidiasis at North Carolina Memorial Hospital.

PMID- 6583526
TI  - Management of nose bleed.

PMID- 6583527
TI  - Breast reconstruction following mastectomy.

PMID- 6583528
TI  - Problems and prospects for the "living will" in North Carolina.

PMID- 6583529
TI  - Medical exorcism--acute dilantin intoxication.

PMID- 6583530
TI  - [Vaccinate and die?].

PMID- 6583532
TI  - [Post-graduate education: optional voluntary or compulsory mandatory?].

PMID- 6583531
TI  - [A case report of high caries activity due to the drug therapy in Parkinson's
      disease. The problem of dry mouth--xerostomia].

PMID- 6583533
TI  - [Orthodontics good or bad in general practice].

PMID- 6583534
TI  - [Controversy in materials science].

PMID- 6583536
TI  - [Surgical and non-surgical treatment of apical periodontitis].

PMID- 6583535
TI  - [Is too much fluoride good or bad?].

PMID- 6583537
TI  - [Various critical observations about apicoectomies].

PMID- 6583538
TI  - [Are bitewing radiographs good or bad in 5-6 year-olds?].

PMID- 6583539
TI  - [The shortened dental arch versus the complete dental arch?].

PMID- 6583540
TI  - [Specialization, yes or no?].

PMID- 6583541
TI  - Neuro-ophthalmic abnormalities in Tourette's syndrome: functional and anatomic
      implications.
AB  - Neuro-ophthalmic findings in 29 patients with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome
      are described. Twenty-eight patients had blepharospasm, and 19 had other eye tics
      that included forced staring and involuntary gaze deviation. These neuro
      ophthalmic abnormalities and ocular disturbances are similar to those found in
      known basal ganglia disorders.

PMID- 6583543
TI  - Socio-economic backgrounds of nursing students.

PMID- 6583542
TI  - Ischemia and McArdle's disease.

PMID- 6583544
TI  - [Percutaneous cervical chordotomy and spinal morphine from a subcutaneous reserve
      in the management of cancer pain].

PMID- 6583545
TI  - Thrombolytic therapy in thromboembolic disorders of the lung.

PMID- 6583546
TI  - An outbreak of hepatitis A linked to a food handler in a cafeteria.

PMID- 6583547
TI  - Aortocoronary paraganglioma. Anatomic relationship of left coronary artery to
      paraganglia of aorta.

PMID- 6583548
TI  - Functioning tumor of the organ of Zuckerkandl.

PMID- 6583549
TI  - Carotid body tumor as reversible cause of recurrent syncope.

PMID- 6583550
TI  - Thermography in the diagnosis of reflex sympathetic dystrophy.

PMID- 6583551
TI  - Metabolic alkalosis.

PMID- 6583552
TI  - Pneumomediastinum occurring in association with facial trauma.

PMID- 6583553
TI  - Anorexia nervosa and juvenile diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 6583554
TI  - Retinal hemorrhage, meningitis, and child abuse.

PMID- 6583555
TI  - Anorexia nervosa in a patient with juvenile diabetes.

PMID- 6583556
TI  - Retinal hemorrhage in an infant after recovery from meningitis.

PMID- 6583557
TI  - The epidemiology and control of Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

PMID- 6583558
TI  - Hemophilus parainfluenzae bacteremia in children.

PMID- 6583559
TI  - Stinging insect hypersensitivity. Safety and efficacy of venom immunotherapy.

PMID- 6583560
TI  - Sensory evoked potentials in adult-onset progressive spastic paraparesis.

PMID- 6583561
TI  - Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis by phleborheography in a community hospital.

PMID- 6583562
TI  - An abnormal blood count in a 26-year-old man with Hodgkin's disease in remission.

PMID- 6583563
TI  - Arterioportal fistula secondary to percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.

PMID- 6583564
TI  - Life-threatening hemoptysis and bronchoesophageal fistula in primary
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 6583565
TI  - Deaths from drowning.
AB  - During an eight year period in the Auckland coronial district, 225 persons over
      the age of fifteen years died from drowning and were subject to autopsy. Of
      these, 129 males and 21 females drowned because of accidents whilst 31 males and
      29 females committed suicide by drowning. There was one homicide and in 14 cases
      it was unclear as to whether drowning was accidental or suicidal. At least half
      of the accidents showed analytical evidence of having consumed alcohol and in 37%
      of these the blood alcohol level was over 100 mg per 100 ml of blood. The
      activities in which the accidentally drowned were engaged at the time of their
      deaths are documented and the role of intercurrent illnesses in some drownings
      illustrated.

PMID- 6583566
TI  - Paediatric admissions to Auckland Hospital for asthma from 1970-1980.
AB  - Paediatric admissions to Auckland Hospital were examined for 1970 to 1980. The
      number of individual patients admitted for asthma each year increased
      significantly over the study period. The rate was higher in the 0-4 year age
      group than in the 5-14 year age group and was higher in Maori and Pacific
      Islander children than in Europeans. The male to female ratio was 1.4:1 over the
      period. The readmission rate increased between 1972 and 1980 and was higher for
      Polynesians than Europeans although there was no difference in the readmission
      rates of the 0-4 year age group compared to that of the 5-14 year age group. The
      mean length of hospital stay decreased significantly, but was longer in
      Polynesians than in Europeans.

PMID- 6583567
TI  - Cerebral mucormycosis.
AB  - The clinical and pathological features of two patients who died of rhinocerebral
      mucormycosis are described. The cases illustrate two of the major mechanisms by
      which the brain may be affected in this condition. Although the diagnosis is
      often made only at post mortem the clinical features are often distinctive enough
      to allow recognition of this disease during life.

PMID- 6583568
TI  - Rhinocerebral mucormycosis complicating acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated
      successfully: case report.
AB  - We report a case of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in a patient with acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia undergoing remission induction therapy. The diagnosis was
      suspected on the characteristic clinical features and confirmed by histology and
      culture of infected tissue obtained by biopsy. Treatment was successful because
      of early institution of antifungal therapy, repeated surgical debridement and
      established of remission in the underlying disease.

PMID- 6583570
TI  - Alcohol abuse.

PMID- 6583569
TI  - The magnitude and duration of titres of leptospiral agglutinins in human sera.
AB  - Sixty-nine meat inspectors with titres of leptospiral agglutinins ranging from
      1:768 to 1:24, were re-bled and reexamined periodically over a period of 53
      months. Some individuals maintained titres of 1:384 and 1:192 for at least 30
      months and others with initial titres of 1:48 and 1:24 maintained such titres for
      53 months. Only six, of 63 initially seronegative (less than 1:24) meat
      inspectors, seroconverted during the period of study. The magnitudes of titres at
      a single sampling from each of 162 people, with previous histories of medically
      confirmed leptospirosis, were analysed in relation to time elapsed since initial
      diagnosis. Some individuals had titres of 1:192 seven years after infection,
      while others had lower titres after more than 20 years. Conversely, 12% of the
      population was seronegative two years after infection. These results indicate
      that it is not possible, from the results of a leptospiral agglutination test, to
      estimate retrospectively the time at which infection may have occurred. In a
      small proportion of individuals recently affected by leptospirosis, it will not
      be possible to demonstrate a change in agglutinating titre.

PMID- 6583571
TI  - Grease gun injuries.

PMID- 6583572
TI  - The paranoid psychopath.

PMID- 6583573
TI  - Prelingual deafness.

PMID- 6583574
TI  - A case of diarrhoea associated with Plesiomonas shigelloides.

PMID- 6583575
TI  - Cardiovascular responses during cuff inflation in subjects who have been
      sensitised to the measurement of their blood pressure.
AB  - Changes in arterial pulse transit time, interbeat interval and the interval
      between the ECG signal and the arrival of the ensuing pulse at a peripheral site
      were recorded in response to the attachment and inflation of the cuff during
      blood pressure measurement. Two groups of subjects were used: a control group and
      a blood-pressure sensitised group. Blood-pressure sensitised individuals were
      defined as those who reported themselves to have been diagnosed as hypertensive
      by a physician, since it was hypothesised that learned or emotional responses to
      blood-pressure measurement would be greater in this group. No cardiovascular
      response to the blood-pressure measurement procedure was observed in the control
      group, but the blood-pressure sensitised group showed an increase in interbeat
      and a decrease in pulse transit time during cuff inflation. Decreases in pulse
      transit time are thought to reflect increases in diastolic blood pressure and
      arterial rigidity.

PMID- 6583576
TI  - Service development groups.

PMID- 6583577
TI  - Issues and problems for the infertile couple.

PMID- 6583578
TI  - Amoebic liver abscess: an Auckland experience.
AB  - Globally, liver abscess caused by Entamoeba histolytica is a common condition. In
      New Zealand, however, it occurs infrequently. Eight cases were diagnosed in
      Auckland between 1972 and 1982, each patient having travelled through an endemic
      area within two years of presentation. Management often was not ideal, with both
      delays in diagnosis and inappropriate treatment. There is a need for increased
      awareness of possible amoebic abscesses in those who have been in endemic areas
      because with prompt use of effective treatment complications can be avoided.

PMID- 6583579
TI  - Dialysis encephalopathy associated with polyvalent ion contamination.
AB  - The histories of five long term dialysis patients, all of whom showed the
      characteristic features of dialysis bone disease are considered. One population,
      on hospital dialysis, also suffered dialysis encephalopathy, whilst the home
      dialysis population did not. It is postulated that the excessive polyvalent ion
      content of the water supply to a new hospital building displaced aluminum from
      the bone stores and precipitated encephalopathy in three patients over three
      months. The relationship of bone lysis (corticosteroids, immobilisation and
      orthopaedic procedures) to encephalopathy is considered in the light of this
      experience.

PMID- 6583580
TI  - Hospital admissions for asthma.

PMID- 6583581
TI  - Deaths from asbestos-related diseases.

PMID- 6583582
TI  - Identification of fungi associated with rhinocerebral mucormycosis.

PMID- 6583583
TI  - Debendox: a statement from the New Zealand Adverse Drug Reactions Committee.

PMID- 6583584
TI  - Reading research reports.

PMID- 6583585
TI  - Nursing: present realities, future possibilities, 1983 Norman Peryer Forum.

PMID- 6583586
TI  - Nurses' amendment bill, Submission to health and welfare select committee of
      parliament.

PMID- 6583587
TI  - The influence of local anesthesia on occlusal adjustment.

PMID- 6583588
TI  - The consequences of variations in the need for dental care; another perspective.

PMID- 6583589
TI  - The advanced education program in prosthodontics.

PMID- 6583590
TI  - Indications and contra-indications in the use of composites for restorative
      dentistry.

PMID- 6583591
TI  - Oral health behavior: renewed emphasis.

PMID- 6583592
TI  - To every benefit there is a risk.

PMID- 6583593
TI  - A personalized regimen of multiple fluoride therapy for child patients.

PMID- 6583594
TI  - Oral hygiene, disorders of mucosa and teeth, and service use of school children
      in New York State.

PMID- 6583595
TI  - Intramuscular ketamine, an additional tool in the treatment of the exceptional
      child.

PMID- 6583596
TI  - Dentistry in 1990: premises and promises.

PMID- 6583597
TI  - Record retention: a professional responsibility even after the patient has gone.

PMID- 6583598
TI  - Influence of prostaglandins on contractility of the isolated human cervical
      muscle.
AB  - The contractile activity of smooth muscle from the pregnant and nonpregnant human
      cervix uteri was studied in organ bath experiments. Several patterns of
      spontaneous activity with varying frequency and amplitude were observed.
      Prostaglandin E2 inhibited muscle activity in a concentration-dependent manner,
      and total inhibition was achieved in pregnant tissue at extremely low
      concentrations. Prostaglandin F2 alpha, on the other hand, did not influence
      spontaneous contractions. Prostaglandin I2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha had
      an inhibitory effect but only at comparatively high concentrations. 5,8,11,14
      Eicosatetraynoic acid and indomethacin abolished spontaneous contractions,
      indicating a regulatory influence of endogenous prostanoids on cervical
      contractility. The extreme sensitivity to prostaglandin E2 and enhancement of its
      action during early pregnancy provide evidence for a specific role of this
      compound in controlling cervical smooth muscle activity in the human female.

PMID- 6583599
TI  - Uterine and cardiovascular effects of fenoterol and hexoprenaline in
      prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced labor in humans.
AB  - The effectiveness of the beta-sympathomimetic drugs in prostaglandin-induced
      labor in humans is uncertain. To assess and compare their uterine and
      cardiovascular effects, fenoterol (2.5 micrograms/minute) and hexoprenaline (0.38
      micrograms/minute) were alternatively infused for 20 minutes in each of 12
      patients having prostaglandin F2 alpha inductions of labor at term. Uterine
      activity was reduced to less than 29% of the pretreatment value. For similar
      tocolytic effects, hexoprenaline produced a significantly lesser effect on
      maternal heart rate than fenoterol (P = .005).

PMID- 6583600
TI  - Cytogenetic study in acute myelocytic leukemia M2.

PMID- 6583601
TI  - [The child and fear of the dentist].

PMID- 6583602
TI  - [Surgery in endodontic emergencies].

PMID- 6583603
TI  - [Amount of fluoride in the saliva after the use of several toothpastes].

PMID- 6583604
TI  - [A comparative in vitro study of 2 dentifrices containing fluoride. Evaluation of
      enamel protection following acid attack].

PMID- 6583606
TI  - [Fluoride determination in beverages].

PMID- 6583605
TI  - [Efficacy of toothpastes. Formulation and evaluation].

PMID- 6583607
TI  - [Experimental study in laboratory animals of the stimulating effects of a
      challenge on gingival secretory immunity in a treatment using a toothpaste with
      antigenic properties].

PMID- 6583608
TI  - [Ceramic materials in oral implantation].

PMID- 6583609
TI  - [Preventive treatment with erythromycin in the extraction of impacted 3rd
      molars].

PMID- 6583610
TI  - [Limitation of mouth opening due to osteoma of the coronoid process].

PMID- 6583611
TI  - [New method for the reduction of mandibular fractures].

PMID- 6583612
TI  - [Prevention of caries after radiotherapy: significance of a fluoridated
      dentifrice paste].

PMID- 6583613
TI  - [Gingival reattachment on the carious surface of a tooth (follow-up after 1
      year)].

PMID- 6583614
TI  - Congenitally missing maxillary canines: a report of two cases.

PMID- 6583615
TI  - Informed consent--an attitudinal survey with recommendations.

PMID- 6583616
TI  - Diagnosis of lingual mandibular concavities.

PMID- 6583617
TI  - Proplast augmentation for posttraumatic zygomatic deficiency.
AB  - Facial deformities following fractures of the zygomatic complex are common.
      Included in this article are the indications, work-up, and surgical technique for
      placement of Proplast implant material to correct the deformity of the malunited
      zygomatic complex. Three cases are presented to illustrate this approach.

PMID- 6583618
TI  - Alcohol blockade of the inferior dental nerve under radiographic control in the
      management of trigeminal neuralgia.
AB  - A classification of the various treatments available for controlling the pain of
      trigeminal neuralgia is given. The cause of this disorder remains unknown.
      Peripheral nerve block of a semipermanent nature by means of alcohol injection is
      sometimes indicated. Radiographic localization of the position of the needle tip
      prior to the injection of alcohol is described. It is suggested that this
      technique gives more reliable results, with fewer side effects, and reduces the
      volume of the alcohol injection required.

PMID- 6583619
TI  - Swelling of the neck caused by the submandibular gland on swallowing.
AB  - Swellings of the neck are important to note. They may represent inflammations,
      primary tumors, or metastatic disease. Sometimes, however, there are normal
      structures that present as swellings and mimic disease. This is an account, with
      explanation, of a unilateral swelling in the neck that was caused by a normal
      submandibular gland with aberrant movement.

PMID- 6583620
TI  - Anterior lingual mandibular bone concavity. Report of a case.
AB  - A lingual mandibular bone concavity in the central incisor region is described.
      The radiographic appearance of the concavity in this area is an uncommon finding.
      A review of the literature is presented along with the report of this case. An
      exact diagnosis of this lesion can be made only by surgical intervention and
      histologic examination. However, the axial occlusal radiographic view is thought
      to be helpful in diagnosing this lesion clinically.

PMID- 6583621
TI  - Ampicillin allergy presenting as secondary syphilis.
AB  - This article reports a case of ampicillin rash with oral and skin lesions,
      including lesions on the palms and the soles. The distribution of the lesions in
      a young, sexually active man was suggestive of secondary syphilis. The history,
      the nature of the delayed rash of ampicillin, and the treatment are reviewed.

PMID- 6583622
TI  - Epidermolysis bullosa: dental and anesthetic management of two cases.
AB  - Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare genetic disorders which are of
      dental interest because of their specific oral manifestations and management
      difficulties. Two cases of recessive EB which may be classified clinically as the
      atrophicans-gravis Herlitz type are described. Dental therapy consisted of
      extractions and stainless steel crown restorations, with inhalation general
      anesthesia. The need for and advantages of early preventive and restorative
      dental care are illustrated by the cases presented.

PMID- 6583623
TI  - Allergy to dental gold.
AB  - Allergy to gold dental appliances in very rare. This article reports the case of
      a patient who presented with acute oral ulceration following the placement of a
      gold crown. Biopsy of the ulcer and adjacent mucosa showed histologic features
      typical of a contact sensitivity. The patient subsequently had a positive patch
      test reaction to gold chloride. The literature is reviewed, and the dental
      implications are discussed.

PMID- 6583624
TI  - Oral findings in osteogenesis imperfecta.
AB  - The dentitions of twenty-eight patients, each of whom had either an autosomal
      dominant or a sporadic osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) syndrome, were evaluated. The
      diagnosis of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) could be established in all seven
      patients with dominantly inherited OI in three families, while all eight persons
      with dominant OI in three other families had normal teeth. Of the thirteen
      remaining patients with OI, twelve had no family history of the disorder; four
      had DI and eight had normal teeth. One person had a family history of OI and DI.
      All patients with abnormal tooth wear and spontaneous tooth fractures had DI. The
      DMF ratio increased with age in all patients with OI type I and was higher among
      the patients with OI type III and DI. Class III malocclusions were found in 66%
      of the patients. A statistically significant high incidence of impacted first and
      second molars was noted.

PMID- 6583625
TI  - Oral discoid lupus erythematosus. II. Skin lesions and systemic lupus
      erythematosus in sixty-six patients with 6-year follow-up.
AB  - Sixty-six patients with oral discoid lesions and either discoid (DLE) or systemic
      (SLE) lupus erythematosus were followed during an average period of 6 years
      (range, 0.1 to 25 years). At time of initial examination, thirty-seven patients
      (56%) had discoid skin lesions and the remaining 29 (44%) had isolated oral
      discoid lesions. Among the latter, seven patients developed discoid skin lesions
      during the observation period. Ten of the sixty-six patients (15%) had SLE at the
      time of initial examination, and SLE developed in another five (8%) who had DLE
      initially. In six of fifteen SLE patients the oral discoid lesions were the first
      manifestation of SLE. Presence of ulceration of the oral discoid lesions at time
      of initial examination was of predictive value with regard to the presence or
      development of SLE. It is concluded that patients with oral discoid lesions
      should be seen at least yearly in order to secure an early diagnosis of
      eventually developing signs of cutaneous DLE and SLE. Furthermore, no connection
      was noted between the presence of skin lesions and the development or presence of
      SLE.

PMID- 6583626
TI  - Periapical condensing osteitis and endodontic treatment.
AB  - Forty-nine roots of thirty-six teeth with the diagnosis of condensing osteitis
      were followed up by means of radiographs and patient files after endodontic
      treatment. The mean observation period was 4.3 years. Prior to endodontic
      treatment the periodontal membrane was widened on thirty-eight roots but on
      follow-up only on twelve. The periapical condensing osteitis showed total
      regression on thirty-six of the forty-nine roots. No condensing osteitis showed
      progress. The results show rebuilding of bone structures to normal appearance
      after endodontic treatment of periapical condensing osteitis.

PMID- 6583627
TI  - Variations in same-size endodontic files.
AB  - Variations in same-size endodontic files (K-type, style B, stainless steel) were
      detected with a three-dimensional gauge. The variation between same-size files
      was within 3 mm. in most instances; however, variations from the smallest file in
      one size group to the largest file in the next size group was 5 mm. or more in
      many instances. Overall, about 74 percent of the variations came from the file
      itself. Suggestions concerning the use of the files are presented.

PMID- 6583628
TI  - External cervical resorption after bleaching a pulpless tooth.
AB  - A tooth with cervical resorption possibly caused by an internal bleaching
      technique was treated with calcium hydroxide. This case had characteristics in
      common with the other seven cases that have been described in the literature.
      Several possible treatment methods are discussed, along with the speculation that
      internal bleaching of tetracycline-discolored teeth may lead to cervical
      resorption.

PMID- 6583629
TI  - Densitometric evaluation of three x-ray films with five different developing
      solutions.
AB  - In order to determine the influence of different processing solutions on the
      quality of the radiograph, an aluminum step-wedge was radiographed with three
      speed D periapical films of three different manufacturers. The films were
      developed in five different processing solutions at standardized conditions,
      according to the manufacturers' instructions. Data concerning film density,
      contrast, fog plus base, and relative speed of each film-solution combination
      were compiled in an attempt to evaluate the optimal film-solution combination.

PMID- 6583630
TI  - Red bone marrow doses, integral absorbed doses, and somatically effective dose
      equivalent from four maxillary occlusal projections.
AB  - Phantom measurements of red bone marrow (RBM) doses, integral absorbed doses, and
      somatically effective dose equivalent (SEDE) from four different maxillary
      occlusal projections are presented. For each projection, different combinations
      of focus-skin distances and tube potentials were compared with regard to the
      patient's radiation load. The axial incisal view produced the highest patient
      exposures, with a maximum red bone marrow dose of 122.5 microGy/exposure,
      integral absorbed dose of 8.6 mJ/exposure, and SEDE values of 39.6
      microSv/exposure. The corresponding values from the frontal, lateral occlusal,
      and tuber views ranged between 4% and 44% of the axial incisal view values for
      the integral absorbed dose and SEDE values, and between 0.3% and 3% for the red
      bone marrow doses. Increasing the focus-skin distance from 17.5 cm to 27 cm is
      accompanied by a 24% to 30% reduction in integral absorbed dose. Increasing the
      tube potential from 50 kV to 65 kV likewise results in a 23% reduction in
      absorbed energy.

PMID- 6583631
TI  - Use and workload factors in dental radiation-protection design.
AB  - A dosimetric and photographic record of the pattern of radiation on the walls of
      a dental x-ray operatory was obtained. This indicates that there is an overlap of
      the radiation fields with "hot spots" on the side wall opposite the patient's
      head, with the rest of the room receiving minimal exposures. In the course of
      this investigation, it was found that use of the long-cone x-ray machine resulted
      in less radiation reaching the walls of the room. The presently accepted concept
      of mAs per week proves to be less relevant than the number of films being taken.

PMID- 6583632
TI  - Cyst of the maxillary antrum. Report of an unusual case.
AB  - The radiographic differences between the mucocele, mucous retention cyst, and
      odontogenic cysts of the maxillary sinus are reviewed. A case of an unusual cyst
      of the maxillary antrum is presented.

PMID- 6583633
TI  - Ponticulus posticus, an anomaly of the first cervical vertebra as seen on the
      cephalometric head film.

PMID- 6583634
TI  - Pseudocyst in the coronoid process of the mandible.

PMID- 6583635
TI  - Gemination.

PMID- 6583636
TI  - Amalgam restoration in a submerged tooth.

PMID- 6583637
TI  - [Oxalate-induced radial segmentation of nuclei of myelo-monocytes as a cytologic
      marker].

PMID- 6583638
TI  - [Enzymatic plaque inhibition - a pilot study].

PMID- 6583639
TI  - [Secondary space loss as a result of early tooth loss].

PMID- 6583640
TI  - [Plaque-inhibiting agents].

PMID- 6583641
TI  - [A retrospective German-Austrian-Swiss Work Group study on carcinoma of the
      mouth: the prognostic relevance of various factors with reference to therapy].

PMID- 6583643
TI  - [Initiation of a dental study as a pilot study in the framework of a military
      services study].

PMID- 6583642
TI  - [Regional heavy metal deposits in presence of amalgam restorations].

PMID- 6583644
TI  - [Polymerization temperatures of composite materials].

PMID- 6583645
TI  - [The genesis and symptoms of masseter muscle hypertrophy].

PMID- 6583646
TI  - [The question of the effects of focal infection].

PMID- 6583647
TI  - [Prevention in dentistry - analysis of current questionnaires].

PMID- 6583648
TI  - [The genesis and symptoms of masseter muscle hypertrophy].

PMID- 6583649
TI  - [Effect of helium-neon lasers on the promotion of wound healing].

PMID- 6583650
TI  - [Facial and mediastinal emphysema after tooth extraction].

PMID- 6583651
TI  - [Hepatic experimental glycogenesis in mice on a casein-base diet].

PMID- 6583652
TI  - Prostaglandin biosynthetic activities of isolated fetal lamb ductus arteriosus,
      other blood vessels, and lung tissue.
AB  - Experimental evidence from many laboratories implicates products of arachidonic
      acid metabolism in perinatal homeostasis of the circulation of the ductus
      arteriosus. Studies were conducted to define the potential prostaglandin and
      prostanoid biosynthetic capabilities of the isolated fetal lamb ductus
      arteriosus, other fetal blood vessels, and isolated fetal and neonatal lung
      tissue as possible humoral sources of vasoactive products. Because the
      biosynthetic pathway is a sequential cascade of enzyme reactions, both
      radiolabeled synthetic endoperoxide (PGH2) and arachidonic acid were used as
      substrates. Prostacyclin (PGI2) synthase was the primary enzymatic pathway for
      metabolism of exogenous PGH2 by the isolated ductus arteriosus; no conclusive
      evidence was found for enzymatic formation of PGE2 or thromboxane A2 (TXA2). The
      PGI2 synthase activity of the ductus arteriosus was intermediate between arterial
      tissues (high) and veins (low). A relatively high cyclooxygenase activity was
      apparent in isolated lung tissue exhibited enzymatic activity for the formation
      of PGI2, PGE2, and TXA2 from synthetic PGH2. Lung thromboxane synthase activity
      was markedly elevated late in term due to an apparent increase in Vmax without
      change in Km, indicative of increased enzyme concentration. Although exogenous
      PGE2 has been shown to be a more potent relaxant of the ductus arteriosus than
      PGI2, our study could not positively identify an enzymatic pathway for the total
      intramural biosynthesis of PGE2. Similarly, no evidence was found for a locally
      generated constrictor prostanoid, e.g., TXA2. Our results suggest that humoral
      sources of vasodilator (PGE2 and PGI2) and vasoconstrictor (TXA2) products may be
      more important than local production in control of the ductus arteriosus and
      point to the importance of the fetal and neonatal lung in cardiovascular
      adaptations and homeostasis.

PMID- 6583653
TI  - [Serum concentrations of free fatty acids (FFA) in leukemia and neoplasms of the
      lymphoreticular system in children].

PMID- 6583655
TI  - Food and Drug Administration warning on dead space in tracheal tubes.

PMID- 6583654
TI  - Congenital juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia: case report and review.
AB  - The case of a patient with ecchymosis, hepatomegaly, leukocytosis,
      thrombocytopenia, and anemia at birth is presented. Throughout his course,
      thrombocytopenia, anemia, and leukocytosis without a marked increase in the
      number of blast forms in either peripheral blood or bone marrow persisted until
      the patient developed a blast crisis shortly before his death at age 4 months.
      This patient is the youngest reported to have the juvenile form of chronic
      myelogenous leukemia and the first that in the present era can be considered
      congenital in origin.

PMID- 6583656
TI  - Diary of a trip to China.

PMID- 6583657
TI  - Internal vs. external regulation.

PMID- 6583658
TI  - Council on Practice. Interpreting the Nursing Practice Act in the acute care
      setting.

PMID- 6583659
TI  - The ANA Code for Nurses; NJSNA analysis continued.

PMID- 6583660
TI  - The Navajo way.

PMID- 6583661
TI  - The role of nursing in alcoholism services.

PMID- 6583662
TI  - Educator orientation visit to Naval Training Center.

PMID- 6583663
TI  - Doublet frequencies in evolutionary distinct groups.
AB  - We analyze the dinucleotide frequencies of occurrence and preferences separately
      within the vertebrates, nonvertebrates, DNA viruses, mitochondria, RNA viruses,
      bacteria and phage sequences. Over half a million nucleotides from more than 400
      sequences were used in this study. Distinct patterns are observed. Some of the
      patterns are common to all sequences, some to either eukaryotes or prokaryotes
      and others to the subgroups within them. Doublets are the most basic ingredient
      of order in nucleotide sequences. We suggest that their preferences and the
      arrangement of nucleotides in the DNA in general is determined to a large extent
      by the conformational and packaging considerations of the double helix. Some
      principles of DNA conformation are viewed in light of our results.

PMID- 6583664
TI  - Using the separator for a Class 3 composite resin.

PMID- 6583665
TI  - Pulp protection and basing procedures: a survey of dental schools.

PMID- 6583666
TI  - Self-threading pins and amalgapins compared in resistance form for complex
      amalgam restorations.

PMID- 6583668
TI  - Use, abuse, and misuse of the electric pulp tester.

PMID- 6583667
TI  - Caries detector for pulpless teeth.

PMID- 6583669
TI  - Effect of four cavity varnishes and a fluoride solution on microleakage of dental
      amalgam restorations.

PMID- 6583670
TI  - Selection for body weight at eight weeks of age. 17. Overfeeding.
AB  - Female chicks from lines selected for high and low body weight and their
      reciprocal F1 crosses were overfed via force feeding to crop capacity from
      hatching to 21 days of age. Low-weight line chicks could be overfed at an earlier
      age to a greater extent than those from the high-weight line and F1 progeny. The
      degree of overfeeding appeared to be associated with the relative size of certain
      gastrointestinal components. Differences among lines in their capacity to be
      overfed were reflected in concomitant changes in body weight and carcass fat.
      Relationships among feed consumption and growth are discussed within the context
      of selection for body weight and heterosis under various feeding regimens.

PMID- 6583671
TI  - The genetics of predictive medicine.

PMID- 6583672
TI  - Primary structure of an amyloid prealbumin and its plasma precursor in a
      heredofamilial polyneuropathy of Swedish origin.
AB  - Prealbumin from an individual with heredofamilial amyloid polyneuropathy of
      Swedish origin was isolated from plasma by using a three-step procedure involving
      ion exchange, Affi-gel Blue affinity chromatography, and gel filtration. This
      prealbumin and its associated amyloid fibril subunit protein were digested with
      trypsin and the resulting peptides were separated by high performance liquid
      chromatography. Comparison with normal prealbumin peptides showed that an amino
      acid substitution of a methionine for a valine had occurred at position 30. In
      the plasma prealbumin, the abnormal residue accounted for 1/3rd of the material
      while in the amyloid fibrils it accounted for 2/3rds. From this sequence
      information and the known three-dimensional structure of the prealbumin molecule,
      a mechanism for the amyloid formation is proposed. It involves formation of the
      amyloid fibrils by addition of prealbumin dimers or tetramers to the aggregate.
      Each dimer must contain at least one variant peptide chain while the tetramer
      must contain at least two abnormal chains. Either of these models can account for
      the observed amount of normal prealbumin in amyloid fibrils. No proteolytic
      processing of this molecule is required because the entire undegraded prealbumin
      molecule is found in the fibrils.

PMID- 6583673
TI  - Brain-specific genes have identifier sequences in their introns.
AB  - The 82-nucleotide identifier (ID) sequence is present in the rat genome in 1-1.5
      X 10(5) copies and in cDNA clones of precursors of brain-specific mRNAs. One
      brain-specific gene contains more than one ID sequence in its introns. There is
      an excess of ID sequences to brain genes, and some ID sequences appear to have
      been inserted as mobile elements into other genetic locations. Therefore, brain
      genes contain ID sequences in their introns, but not all ID sequences are located
      in brain gene introns. A brain ID consensus sequence has been obtained by
      comparing 8 ID nucleotide sequences.

PMID- 6583674
TI  - Altered temporal expression of DNA repair in hypermutable Bloom's syndrome cells.
AB  - The temporal regulation of DNA repair during synchronous cell proliferation was
      examined in normal human skin fibroblasts and in Bloom's syndrome skin
      fibroblasts. Normal human cells regulated DNA repair in a defined temporal
      sequence prior to the induction of DNA replication. Nucleotide-excision repair
      was stimulated prior to the induction of base-excision repair, which itself was
      increased prior to the induction of DNA replication. This temporal sequence was
      observed (i) by quantitation of the induction of the base-excision repair enzyme
      uracil DNA glycosylase during cell proliferation in the absence of cellular
      insult and (ii) by quantitation of nucleotide-excision repair after UV
      irradiation or base-excision repair after exposure to methylmethane sulfonate. In
      contrast, Bloom's syndrome cells were characterized by specific alterations in
      this temporal sequence of gene regulation, such that DNA repair was not enhanced
      prior to the induction of DNA replication. Nucleotide-excision repair, base
      excision repair, and the uracil DNA glycosylase were induced in a temporal
      sequence identical to that observed for DNA polymerase and for DNA replication.
      The inability of Bloom's syndrome cells to enhance DNA repair prior to DNA
      replication suggests that miscoding lesions remain in DNA and are replicated
      during cell proliferation.

PMID- 6583675
TI  - Interference of GTP hydrolysis in the mechanism of microtubule assembly: an
      experimental study.
AB  - This paper reports an experimental study of the interference of GTP hydrolysis in
      the mechanism of microtubule assembly, following the model and theory previously
      published [Hill, T. L. & Carlier, M.-F. (1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80,
      7234-7238]. Results from dilution experiments show that microtubules depolymerize
      faster below the critical concentration than expected with a reversible
      polymerization model. The experimental plot of flux versus tubulin concentration
      exhibits a slope discontinuity at the critical concentration, in agreement with
      the theory. Theoretical points calculated by the Monte Carlo method can be fitted
      qualitatively to the data. A consequence of this peculiar dynamic behavior of
      microtubules is that the ratio of tubulin dissociation and association rate
      constants measured, respectively, below and above the critical concentration does
      not yield the true value of the critical concentration. It is emphasized that the
      presence of GTP at microtubule ends is necessary to maintain the stability of the
      polymer.

PMID- 6583676
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies detect a spectrin-like protein in normal and dystrophic
      human skeletal muscle.
AB  - Spectrin is the major protein of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton, which is
      bound to the cytoplasmic surface of the membrane's lipid bilayer and is
      responsible for cell shape and membrane elasticity. Inability to identify
      spectrin in other cell types led to the assumption that this protein was unique
      to erythrocytes. However, spectrin-like proteins have been demonstrated recently
      in a variety of cell types, including skeletal and cardiac muscle, in several
      species. We used monoclonal antibodies against human erythrocyte spectrin
      subunits in an immunocytochemical study to detect related proteins in normal and
      diseased human skeletal muscle. Six of seven monoclonal antibodies against beta
      spectrin determinants were bound at the cytoplasmic surface of muscle fiber
      plasma membranes, whereas none of six monoclonal antibodies against alpha
      spectrin determinants was bound. Muscle fibers of patients with neuromuscular
      diseases showed similar distribution and specificity of antibody binding to those
      of normal subjects, but the intensity of binding was increased. In contrast,
      probable regenerating fibers in muscle of patients with muscular dystrophies
      showed reduced binding of antibodies, but reduced binding was not seen in fetal
      muscle fibers nor in those of a patient with a myotubular myopathy. We conclude
      that human skeletal muscle fibers possess a spectrin-related protein associated
      with their plasma membrane that shows extensive beta-chain similarities to
      erythrocyte spectrin but differs significantly with respect to the alpha-subunit.
      Its function may be associated with the maintenance of membrane and myofibril
      integrity during contraction, and the increased antibody binding in diseased
      muscle may reflect a structural rearrangement of spectrin or a compensatory
      increase in spectrin abundance in response to increased stress on these systems.

PMID- 6583677
TI  - Exposure of nondividing populations of primary human fibroblasts to UV (254 nm)
      radiation induces a transient enhancement in capacity to repair potentially
      lethal cellular damage.
AB  - Nondividing (arrested) populations of primary human fibroblasts from normal
      individuals exposed to an initial dose (1.5 or 3 J X m-2) of far-UV (254 nm)
      radiation and then incubated in medium containing low (0.5%) serum develop
      enhanced resistance to inactivation of cloning efficiency by a second (challenge)
      dose of UV. The resistance develops within 2-4 days, after which there is a
      decline. Resistance develops to a higher degree and more rapidly (1-2 days) in
      cells derived from patients with the variant form of xeroderma pigmentosum.
      Excision-deficient cells from xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A
      individuals also develop UV resistance after a lower (0.2 J X m-2) exposure to
      UV. Enhanced UV resistance does not develop in UV-irradiated cell populations
      incubated with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (5 microM). These
      observations are consistent with the interpretation that exposure of human
      fibroblasts to low doses of UV induces synthesis of a protein involved in a
      metabolic pathway that transiently enhances the capacity of cells to repair
      potentially lethal damage resulting from a subsequent dose of UV.

PMID- 6583678
TI  - Direct observation of delta-crystallin accumulation by laser light-scattering
      spectroscopy in the chicken embryo lens.
AB  - By using the technique of laser light-scattering spectroscopy, direct observation
      has been made on the intracellular accumulation of a crystallin protein within
      the cells of chicken embryo lens during the process of development. Appearance of
      delta-crystallin has been detected as early as day 4, and its concentration
      reaches a plateau at day 19. The measurements constitute a noninvasive
      determination of accumulation of protein molecules that specifically characterize
      the process of cell differentiation.

PMID- 6583679
TI  - Cell growth and net Na+ flux are inhibited by a protein produced by kidney
      epithelial cells in culture.
AB  - Proliferation of confluent kidney epithelial cell cultures (BSC-1 line) is
      inhibited by a protein (Mr approximately equal to 24,000) that is secreted by the
      cells. The mechanism of action of this growth inhibitor was sought by studying
      its effect on net Na+ flux because increased availability of Na+ in the culture
      medium had been shown to stimulate cell growth. The increase in cell Na+ content
      observed during stimulation of the growth after a medium change was attenuated in
      the presence of the purified inhibitor. Inhibition of both cell Na+ accumulation
      and growth in the presence of the protein was reversed completely by addition of
      NaCl to the medium. These results suggest that control of net Na+ flux and growth
      in kidney epithelial cells could be mediated, at least in part, by a secreted
      cellular protein.

PMID- 6583680
TI  - Periodicity of extinctions in the geologic past.
AB  - The temporal distribution of the major extinctions over the past 250 million
      years has been investigated statistically using various forms of time series
      analysis. The analyzed record is based on variation in extinction intensity for
      fossil families of marine vertebrates, invertebrates, and protozoans and contains
      12 extinction events. The 12 events show a statistically significant periodicity
      (P less than 0.01) with a mean interval between events of 26 million years. Two
      of the events coincide with extinctions that have been previously linked to
      meteorite impacts (terminal Cretaceous and Late Eocene). Although the causes of
      the periodicity are unknown, it is possible that they are related to
      extraterrestrial forces (solar, solar system, or galactic).

PMID- 6583681
TI  - Lengths of chromosomal segments conserved since divergence of man and mouse.
AB  - Linkage relationships of homologous loci in man and mouse were used to estimate
      the mean length of autosomal segments conserved during evolution. Comparison of
      the locations of greater than 83 homologous loci revealed 13 conserved segments.
      Map distances between the outermost markers of these 13 segments are known for
      the mouse and range from 1 to 24 centimorgans. Methods were developed for using
      this sample of conserved segments to estimate the mean length of all conserved
      autosomal segments in the genome. This mean length was estimated to be 8.1 +/-
      1.6 centimorgans. Evidence is presented suggesting that chromosomal
      rearrangements that determine the lengths of these segments are randomly
      distributed within the genome. The estimated mean length of conserved segments
      was used to predict the probability that certain loci, such as peptidase-3 and
      renin, are linked in man given that homologous loci are chi centimorgans apart in
      the mouse. The mean length of conserved segments was also used to estimate the
      number of chromosomal rearrangements that have disrupted linkage since divergence
      of man and mouse. This estimate was shown to be 178 +/- 39 rearrangements.

PMID- 6583682
TI  - A pheromone-induced developmental switch in Caenorhabditis elegans: Temperature
      sensitive mutants reveal a wild-type temperature-dependent process.
AB  - Formation of a developmentally arrested dispersal stage called the dauer larva is
      enhanced by a Caenorhabditis-specific pheromone and is inhibited by increasing
      amounts of food. Pheromone-induced dauer larva formation of three tested wild
      type strains is temperature-dependent, so that an increased percentage of the
      population forms dauer larvae at 25 degrees C compared to lower temperatures.
      Dauer-defective mutants fail to respond to added pheromone, and some behavioral
      mutants affected in thermotaxis or egg-laying also exhibit abnormal responses.
      Temperature-sensitive (ts) dauer-constitutive mutants form dauer larvae at a
      restrictive temperature regardless of environmental stimuli. At the permissive
      temperature (17.5 degrees C), alleles of six out of seven dauer-constitutive
      genes tested overrespond to the dauer-inducing pheromone. All known mutations in
      daf-4 (eight alleles) and daf-7 (five alleles) produce a ts dauer-constitutive
      phenotype. One daf-4 and one daf-7 allele are suppressed by the amber nonsense
      suppressor, sup-7(st5). At least these two dauer-constitutive mutations are
      likely to cause production of nonfunctional rather than ts gene products. These
      mutations appear to indirectly result in a ts phenotype by enhancing the
      expression of a wild-type ts developmental process.

PMID- 6583683
TI  - Origin of the beta S-globin gene in blacks: the contribution of recurrent
      mutation or gene conversion or both.
AB  - In order to investigate the origin(s) of the mutation(s) leading to the beta S
      globin gene in North American populations of African ancestry, we analyzed DNA
      polymorphisms in the beta-globin gene cluster in a large number of both beta A-
      and beta S-globin gene-bearing chromosomes in U.S. and Jamaican Blacks. We found
      16 different haplotypes of polymorphic sites associated with 170 beta S-globin
      gene-bearing chromosomes. The three most common beta S haplotypes, which account
      for 151/170 of the beta S-globin gene-bearing chromosomes, are only rarely seen
      in the chromosomes bearing the beta A-globin gene in these populations (6/47).
      Two observations suggest multiple origins or interallelic gene conversion, or
      both, of the beta S mutation. First, the mutation is present in all three beta
      globin gene frameworks. Second, the beta S haplotypes can be divided into four
      groups, each of which cannot be derived from any other by less than two crossing
      over events. In summary, our observation of the beta S mutation on 16 different
      haplotypes in African populations can be best explained by (i) a number of simple
      recombination events 5' to the beta-globin gene and (ii) up to four independent
      mutations and/or interallelic gene conversions.

PMID- 6583684
TI  - Intracellular lymphocyte activation and carrier-mediated transport of C8
      substituted guanine ribonucleosides.
AB  - The studies described in this report constitute evidence substantiating that
      certain exogenous nucleoside derivatives can activate lymphocytes by acting
      intracellularly. These molecules, the C8-substituted guanine ribonucleosides,
      have recently been demonstrated to exert potent immunostimulatory and
      immunoregulatory activities both in vitro and in vivo. The current studies were
      undertaken to investigate whether the site of induction of mitogenesis in murine
      B lymphocytes by these compounds was intracellular or at the plasma membrane.
      Uptake of 8-bromoguanosine was found to proceed by carrier-mediated transport.
      Like that described for adenosine, the uptake system for 8-bromoguanosine could
      be resolved into high-affinity and low-affinity components. The hypothesis that
      the C8-substituted guanine ribonucleosides act intracellularly was tested in
      several ways. Immobilization of these substituted nucleosides, either on
      Sepharose beads or in the form of high molecular weight polymers, resulted in
      total loss of their mitogenicity. In addition, maneuvers designed to diminish
      plasma membrane fluidity interfered with transmembrane signaling by surface
      membrane-directed mitogens far more than they did with activation by the
      substituted nucleosides. Furthermore, modulation of surface membrane protein
      (IgM) with anti-IgM antibodies similarly resulted in differential inhibition of
      transmembrane signals with relatively little effect on activation by 8
      mercaptoguanosine. Taken together, these data are consistent with the hypothesis
      that the C8-substituted guanine ribonucleosides trigger the cell at an
      intracellular site.

PMID- 6583686
TI  - Liver disease associated with duck hepatitis B virus infection of domestic ducks.
AB  - The liver disease associated with duck hepatitis B viremia was investigated in
      naturally infected ducks from Chi-tung county in China and in both naturally and
      experimentally infected ducks from the United States. Liver and serum specimens
      of adult Chinese ducks were examined for duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) DNA by dot
      and gel blot hybridization. DHBV was found in serum and (in episomal form only)
      in livers of 6 of 11 birds exhibiting various degrees of chronic hepatitis. In 1
      bird with hepatocellular carcinoma, DHBV DNA was detected at the limit of assay
      sensitivity and in another not at all, contrasting with findings in humans and
      woodchucks. In work with California Pekin and Khaki Campbell ducks, known amounts
      of DHBV were injected into the egg 10 days before, or into ducklings 1 day after,
      hatching and the livers were examined 6 weeks later. The majority of the injected
      ducklings had viremia detectable by hybridization 1 or 2 weeks after injection.
      The presence but not the amount of viremia correlated with incidence and degree
      of hepatitis, determined under code. The most severe instances of hepatitis, all
      in Pekin ducks, resembled the hepatitis in adult Chinese ducks of Chi-tung
      county. Severe and moderate hepatitis were found only in indoor-caged injected
      animals with viremia and in some uninjected birds without viremia that had been
      kept in outdoor flocks. The latter hepatitis, as some hepatitis in adult Chinese
      ducks, may not be related to DHBV. Mild and insignificant hepatitis were also
      found in injected and noninjected ducklings, some of which had the vertically
      transmitted spontaneous viremia previously described. The good correlation of
      experimentally induced viremia with incidence and severity of hepatitis in the
      Pekin duckling provides a simple, rapid, and relatively inexpensive model to
      study the relation of lesions to hepatitis B family infection in nonprimates.

PMID- 6583685
TI  - Divergence in cholesterol biosynthetic rates and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
      reductase activity as a consequence of granulocyte versus monocyte-macrophage
      differentiation in HL-60 cells.
AB  - Addition of dimethyl sulfoxide or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) to HL-60 cell
      cultures induces granulocytic or monocyte-macrophage differentiation,
      respectively, in HL-60 cells. Dimethyl sulfoxide-induced granulocyte
      differentiation in HL-60 cells is associated with a decrease in cellular 3
      hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase activity and with a decrease in the
      incorporation of [14C]acetate and mevalonate into products of the cholesterol
      biosynthetic pathway. PMA-induced monocyte-macrophage differentiation in HL-60
      cells is associated with a rapid and profound fall in cell proliferation but
      nonetheless is accompanied by a dose-dependent increase in cellular HMG-CoA
      reductase activity and [14C]acetate incorporation into the cholesterol
      biosynthetic pathway. In addition, PMA induces an increase in [14C]mevalonate
      incorporation into cholesterol and its precursors, suggesting that post-HMG-CoA
      reductase events in cholesterol biosynthesis are also enhanced. Mature peripheral
      blood human monocytes possess an active cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, whereas
      mature human granulocytes are almost entirely lacking in the ability to
      synthesize post-squalene products. Our results with HL-60 cells indicate that
      this divergence in sterol-synthesizing ability between two cell lineages, which
      normally also derive from a common stem cell, can be observed as an early event
      in the differentiation process.

PMID- 6583687
TI  - 12S,20-dihydroxyicosatetraenoic acid: a new icosanoid synthesized by neutrophils
      from 12S-hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid produced by thrombin- or collagen-stimulated
      platelets.
AB  - A new metabolite of arachidonic acid, formed during interaction between thrombin-
      or collagen-stimulated platelets and unstimulated neutrophils, has been
      demonstrated by both thin-layer radiochromatography and high-performance liquid
      chromatography. Production of the 3H-labeled metabolite in combined suspensions
      containing [3H]arachidonate-labeled platelets and unlabeled neutrophils from
      aspirin-treated donors suggested that platelet 3H-labeled 12S-hydroxy-5,8-cis,10
      trans,14-cis-icosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) was the precursor. This was confirmed
      by identification of the same product when purified 12-[3H]HETE was added
      directly to unstimulated neutrophils. Hydrogenation and oxidation of the isolated
      product, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed the structure to
      be 12S,20-dihydroxyicosatetraenoic acid. These experiments further show that
      platelet stimuli known to occur in vivo may initiate metabolic interactions
      between different cell types via the arachidonic acid pathway.

PMID- 6583688
TI  - Tissue concentrations of somatomedin C: further evidence for multiple sites of
      synthesis and paracrine or autocrine mechanisms of action.
AB  - We have validated a method for extracting and measuring the tissue content of
      somatomedin C (Sm-C)/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), a growth-hormone
      dependent, growth-promoting peptide. The Sm-C content of tissue extracts was
      strongly growth-hormone dependent because most of the tissues studied from
      hypophysectomized rats contained significantly less Sm-C than normal tissues. The
      intraperitoneal administration of ovine growth hormone (oGH) to hypophysectomized
      rats caused tissue extractable Sm-C to increase in kidney, liver, lung, heart,
      and testes. Tissue Sm-C responses to oGH were maximal after 12 hr, 6 hr before
      the maximal increment in serum. In liver and lung, the tissue Sm-C response to
      various doses of oGH fit linear regression models, and the doses of oGH needed to
      increase the Sm-C are in the range of those required to increase protein
      synthesis. Although these results do not exclude the possibility that the
      somatomedins act by hormone-like endocrine mechanisms, they add support to the
      concept that these peptides act through autocrine or paracrine mechanisms, being
      produced at multiple sites and acting at or near their sites of production.

PMID- 6583689
TI  - Evidence that the major postsynaptic density protein is a component of a
      Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase.
AB  - Polypeptides of Mr 50,000 and 60,000 in isolated synaptic junctions have been
      compared to polypeptides of corresponding molecular weight in Ca2+/calmodulin
      dependent protein kinase II. The polypeptides of corresponding molecular weight
      from the two preparations were shown by several criteria to be indistinguishable.
      These criteria included 125I-labeled tryptic/chymotryptic peptide patterns, 32P
      labeled proteolytic peptide maps, and crossreactivity on immunoblots using
      polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, studies examining the
      phosphorylation of substrate proteins, by the endogenous synaptic junction kinase
      and by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, indicated that the two
      enzymes have similar substrate specificities. Since the Mr 50,000 polypeptide
      present in synaptic junctions is known to be the major postsynaptic density
      protein, the present results indicate that the major postsynaptic density protein
      is a component of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.

PMID- 6583690
TI  - Isolation and identification of enkephalins in pedal ganglia of Mytilus edulis
      (Mollusca).
AB  - An acid extract of pedal ganglia of the mollusc Mytilus edulis was fractionated
      by high-pressure liquid chromatography with a reverse-phase column. Peak
      fractions with retention times of those of [Met]- and [Leu]enkephalin were
      subjected to binding assays in both invertebrate and vertebrate tissues. The
      results showed that these fractions have the same binding activities as authentic
      enkephalins. Peptides from these fractions were purified by high-pressure liquid
      chromatography under isocratic conditions. Sequential amino acid analyses showed
      that these peptides have the same primary structures as [Met]- and
      [Leu]enkephalin. These results with M. edulis suggest that invertebrates possess
      an enkephalinergic system similar to that of higher organisms.

PMID- 6583691
TI  - Serotonin binds specifically and saturably to an actin-like protein isolated from
      rat brain synaptosomes.
AB  - A soluble serotonin-binding protein was identified in a high-speed supernatant
      fraction of an osmotically shocked rat brain synaptosome (P2) preparation. The
      binding of serotonin was saturable (Bmax = 6.0 nmol per mg of protein) and was
      specific for serotonin and a few structurally related compounds including
      dopamine and norepinephrine. Binding of serotonin (1 microM) was inhibited
      approximately equal to 40% by chlorpromazine (10 microM). The affinity of
      serotonin for the binding protein was low in the crude extract (Kd = 1.7 X 10(
      3)M). However, on purification by chromatography on a column of phenothiazine
      agarose, a higher affinity (Kd = 10(-5) M) binding component was also observed.
      The purified protein was greatly enriched in a polypeptide of Mr of 43,000 that
      comigrated on polyacrylamide gel with skeletal muscle actin. Muscle actin also
      bound serotonin, and the binding to actin was similar to that of the purified
      protein in both the specificity of the binding and the affinity for serotonin. It
      is likely that the serotonin-binding protein is identical to cytoplasmic G-actin
      or an actin-like protein of similar molecular weight.

PMID- 6583692
TI  - Subcortical projections from ectopic neocortical neurons.
AB  - There is a high degree of specificity in the efferent connections of the cerebral
      cortex. In the rodent neocortex, the characteristic band of corticospinal neurons
      within layer V is present at birth even though changes still occur in the areal
      distribution of these neurons. Disruption of neocortical development with
      ionizing radiation before, during, or after the production of neurons destined
      for layer V results in abnormally located corticospinal neurons. One abnormal
      location in which corticospinal neurons are found is in ectopic cell clusters
      beneath the cortical white matter bordering the dorso-medial aspect of the
      lateral ventricle. Corticospinal neurons only occur in these periventricular
      ectopias in adult rats irradiated on or before embryonic day 17. A second
      abnormal location of corticospinal neurons is between layer V and the pial
      surface. These scattered supragranular corticospinal neurons occur in all adult
      animals irradiated on embryonic days 16, 17, 18, or 19. The fact that neurons
      having an unusual position project to a subcortical target appropriate for one
      neocortical sublayer indicates that neither migratory path nor final position is
      essential to specifying a subcortical target. In addition, the fact that labeled
      corticospinal neurons are located in periventricular ectopias only when
      irradiation occurs on or before embryonic day 17 suggests that the initial
      projections of corticospinal neurons are determined early in their individual
      ontogeny prior to migration.

PMID- 6583693
TI  - Prothymosin alpha: isolation and properties of the major immunoreactive form of
      thymosin alpha 1 in rat thymus.
AB  - A polypeptide containing approximately equal to 112 amino acid residues, with the
      thymosin alpha 1 sequence at its NH2 terminus, has been isolated from rat thymus
      by using a radioimmunoassay with an antibody prepared against synthetic thymosin
      alpha 1. The new polypeptide, named "prothymosin alpha," was found to be the
      major substance crossreacting with thymosin alpha 1 antiserum in rat thymus
      extracts; peptides corresponding to thymosin alpha 1 or thymosin alpha 11 were
      not detected. In gel filtration at pH 2.8, prothymosin alpha emerged as a single
      symmetrical peak corresponding to an apparent molecular weight of 32,000,
      approximately 3 times larger than the minimum molecular weight calculated from
      its amino acid composition. On the same gel filtration columns, synthetic
      thymosin alpha 1 (calculated Mr = 3108) emerged at a position corresponding to a
      molecular weight of 10,000-11,000. Thus, both prothymosin alpha and thymosin
      alpha 1 appear to exist in solution as oligomers, possibly as trimers.
      Prothymosin alpha and synthetic thymosin alpha 1 also were separated readily in
      reverse-phase HPLC and in isoelectric focusing; the isoelectric point of
      prothymosin alpha determined by the latter procedure was found to be 3.55,
      consistent with an unusually high content of glutamic and aspartic acids based on
      amino acid analyses. Prothymosin alpha appears to represent the native
      polypeptide from which thymosin alpha 1 and other fragments are generated during
      the isolation of thymosin fraction 5.

PMID- 6583694
TI  - Evaluation of critical groups required for the binding of heparin to
      antithrombin.
AB  - We have examined the quantitative importance of various monosaccharide residues
      of an octasaccharide domain of heparin that are responsible for the binding of
      this oligosaccharide to antithrombin. Different fragments of the octasaccharide
      were prepared by enzymatic digestion and the avidities of these oligosaccharides
      for antithrombin were determined by equilibrium dialysis. The data show that the
      non-reducing-end and the reducing-end tetrasaccharides contribute equally to the
      binding energy of the octasaccharide. The O6-sulfate group of the N-acetyl
      glucosamine moiety within the nonreducing-end tetrasaccharide is responsible for
      approximately equal to 45% of the binding energy of the octasaccharide. Neither
      the two non-sulfated uronic acid groups that flank this residue nor the N
      sulfated glucosamine residue on the reducing end of this tetrasaccharide sequence
      that bears the unique O3-sulfate substituent contribute significantly to the
      binding energy of the octasaccharide. We suggest that the lack of sulfation of
      the two uronic acid moieties within the nonreducing-end tetrasaccharide may be
      required to permit the N-acetyl glucosamine O6-sulfate group to interact with a
      specific region on the antithrombin molecule. However, we cannot exclude the
      possibility that the O3-sulfate group plays an important role in orienting this
      O6-sulfate group within the nonreducing-end tetrasaccharide.

PMID- 6583695
TI  - 3' editing of mRNAs: sequence requirements and involvement of a 60-nucleotide RNA
      in maturation of histone mRNA precursors.
AB  - In vitro-synthesized transcripts of the sea urchin histone H2A gene with 3'
      extensions are efficiently and rapidly processed to H2A mRNA with faithful 3'
      ends in Xenopus laevis oocyte nuclei. Processing requires the presence of a
      histone-specific dyad symmetry element and of H2A-proximal spacer sequences in
      the precursor RNA. In DNA injection experiments with a processing-deficient H2A
      mutant, the transcription products appear to terminate heterogeneously in the
      first 100-200 base pairs of the post-H2A spacer. Processing of synthetic H3 RNA
      precursors requires the prior injection of a 60-nucleotide RNA from sea urchin
      embryos that seems to be a component of a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein.

PMID- 6583696
TI  - Adaptive response in mammalian cells: crossreactivity of different pretreatments
      on cytotoxicity as contrasted to mutagenicity.
AB  - Pretreatment of H4 (rat hepatoma) cells for 48 hr with low nontoxic doses of
      alkylating agents [methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), N-methyl-N'-nitro-N
      nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea] renders the cells more
      resistant to the toxic effect of these compounds. Crossreactivity for survival is
      also observed with the different alkylating agents tested. Pretreatment with MNNG
      enables the cells to be less mutated than control cultures during a subsequent
      challenge with high doses of this compound. However, pretreatment with MMS does
      not modify the mutation frequency of cells challenged with either MMS or MNNG.
      The adaptive response to mutagenesis is correlated with a faster and more
      efficient removal of O6-methylguanine in MNNG-pretreated cells as compared to
      control cultures, whereas the disappearance of this lesion is not modified in MMS
      pretreated cells. As MMS produces less methylation at the O6 position of guanine
      and more methylation at the N7 position in comparison to MNNG, the results
      suggest that: (i) N7-methylguanine is not implicated in the adaptive response and
      (ii) adaptation to mutagenesis can be correlated with the amount of O6
      methylguanine induced during the pretreatment. The effect of pretreatment on
      other O-alkylated derivatives is not known.

PMID- 6583697
TI  - Two initiation sites detected in the small s1 species of reovirus mRNA by
      dipeptide synthesis in vitro.
AB  - Reovirus mRNAs directed the synthesis of fMet dipeptides in a translation
      initiation system reconstituted from rabbit reticulocyte initiation and
      elongation factors, Artemia salina 80S ribosomes, yeast fMet-tRNAiMet and
      Escherichia coli3H-labeled aminoacyl tRNAs. As predicted from the GC(U,G) codon
      that follows the 5'-proximal AUG in half of the viral mRNA species, fMet-Ala was
      the predominant dipeptide product obtained in response to a mixture of mRNAs or
      to the separated size classes of medium (m) and small (s) mRNA. The four
      individual small mRNA species each directed the synthesis of an fMet dipeptide
      that was consistent with the utilization of the 5'-proximal AUG for initiation.
      In addition to fMet-Asp, the s1 mRNA also directed fMet-Glu synthesis indicative
      of initiation in a second reading frame at the 5'-penultimate AUG. The tripeptide
      fMet-Glu-Tyr was also synthesized from s1 mRNA, which further verified this
      second initiation site. mRNAs containing 5'-terminal GpppG were 10-15% as active
      as the corresponding m7G-capped templates. The dipeptide assay provides a rapid
      method for determining initiation sites in individual mRNAs or in mixtures of
      mRNAs.

PMID- 6583698
TI  - A quantitative model for the cooperative mechanism of human hemoglobin.
AB  - A quantitative model has been developed for the cooperative oxygenation of human
      hemoglobin. The model correlates the structural and energetic features of ligand
      linked subunit interactions within the tetrameric molecule and the coupling of
      these interactions to the binding of oxygen and Bohr protons. Recent findings are
      incorporated regarding (i) the sites of regulatory energy change within the
      tetrameric molecule, (ii) the nature of the Bohr effect for tetramers and dimers,
      (iii) the fractional Bohr proton release at each stage of oxygenation, (iv)
      relative probabilities of binding to the alpha and beta chains within the
      tetramer, and (v) an extensive data base recently obtained on the linked
      processes of oxygenation, proton binding, and subunit interactions [Chu, A. H.,
      Turner, B. W. & Ackers, G. K. (1984) Biochemistry 23, 604-617]. Least squares
      minimization was used to evaluate from these data the free energies for the
      various processes. A special feature of the model lies in the synchronization of
      Bohr proton release with changes in quaternary structure. This leads to the
      striking prediction that a major fraction (as much as 30%) of tetramers are in
      the oxy quaternary structure after the first oxygen is bound. The model provides
      a rationale for the essential features of regulatory energy control, and it
      defines several kinds of additional information that are needed for a more
      complete understanding of the hemoglobin mechanism.

PMID- 6583699
TI  - Denervated skeletal muscle displays discoordinate regulation for the synthesis of
      several myofibrillar proteins.
AB  - Synthesis patterns of myosin heavy- and light-chain isoforms, tropomyosin and
      troponin, have been studied in chicken fast muscle denervated at both neonatal
      and adult stages. Denervated neonatal muscle does not synthesize the adult myosin
      heavy-chain isoform at the time of denervation, but it does synthesize the adult
      isoform several months after denervation. Thus, innervation does not appear to be
      necessary for the normal sequential replacement of embryonic and neonatal myosin
      heavy chain by the adult variant. Nerve is required, however, for the regulation
      of tropomyosin and troponin expression. Normally the pectoralis major muscle
      represses synthesis of both beta-tropomyosin and leg-type troponin T during late
      embryonic development. After denervation, however, the muscle relaxes its ongoing
      repression of these proteins and significant amounts of both beta-tropomyosin and
      leg-type troponin T are synthesized by the muscle. Denervation also results in an
      altered pattern of myosin light-chain synthesis so that the ratio of fast light
      chain 3/fast light-chain 1 decreases. Similar results are found in muscle
      denervated at the adult stage. In denervated muscle, therefore, synthesis of
      these myofibrillar proteins is not coordinated: ongoing isoform shifts proceed to
      express an adult pattern of myosin heavy chain while tropomyosin, troponin, and
      myosin light-chain patterns appear to revert to embryonic configurations.

PMID- 6583700
TI  - Further clues concerning the vectors essential to regulation of hexose transport,
      as studied in fibroblast cultures from a metabolic mutant.
AB  - A close study of the metabolic regulation of hexose transport in a hamster
      fibroblast mutant, highly defective in the enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI
      mutant), reveals the requirement for at least three vectors for transport
      regulation. The downward regulation of the hexose transport system, called the
      "transport curb," requires (i) a ligand for the transport system, (ii) oxidative
      energy metabolism, and (iii) some specific enzymes of the glucose-6-phosphate
      metabolism. Deprivation of glucose was shown to deprive the PGI mutant of UDP
      hexose, whereas the glucose-fed mutant contained high levels. The parental strain
      preserved the UDP hexose with or without glucose feeding. Cycloheximide added to
      the mutant showed two different types of effects. If added at the onset of
      glucose starvation, the up-regulation of the transport system was scarcely
      affected. If cycloheximide was added to the mutant at the onset of glucose
      refeeding, it prevented the development of the glucose-mediated transport curb.
      In the mutant, the glucose-mediated curb is not derived from energy metabolism
      but is solely dependent on certain enzymes of glucose-6-phosphate metabolism. The
      interference of this curb by cycloheximide requires evidently a reassessment,
      including that of the role of the UDP hexose pathway in regulation of the hexose
      transport system.

PMID- 6583701
TI  - Glucocorticoid-induced phospholipase A2-inhibitory proteins mediate
      glucocorticoid teratogenicity in vitro.
AB  - Dexamethasone induces the synthesis of a phospholipase A2-inhibitory protein
      (PLIP) of molecular weight approximately equal to 55,000 from calf thymus and
      PLIPs of molecular weights 55,000, 40,000, 28,000, and 15,000 from A/J mouse
      thymus and from 12-day embryonic B10. A mouse palates. Sufficient quantities of
      calf thymus PLIP and of the 15,000 molecular weight mouse thymus and palate PLIPs
      were prepared and tested as inhibitors of programmed cell death in the medial
      edge epithelium of single mouse embryonic palatal shelves in culture. All of the
      proteins tested prevent the loss of the medial-edge epithelium and, thus, produce
      the teratogenic effects of glucocorticoids in the palatal culture model. This
      teratogenic action of both PLIP and glucocorticoids is reversed by arachidonic
      acid, the precursor of prostaglandins and thromboxanes, suggesting that PLIP
      mediates the effects of glucocorticoids by inhibiting phospholipase A2.

PMID- 6583702
TI  - beta-Thalassemia in American Blacks: novel mutations in the "TATA" box and an
      acceptor splice site.
AB  - beta-Thalassemia genes, although often mild in their effects, are common among
      American Blacks. We have begun a systematic molecular analysis of beta
      thalassemia mutations in this group. DNA polymorphisms in the beta-globin gene
      cluster were examined among 22 beta-thalassemia chromosomes. Six different
      haplotypes were observed. beta-globin genes of two of these were cloned, and
      their phenotypes were examined both in heterologous cells upon transient
      expression and in vivo. The gene found in the most common haplotype (9 of 22
      chromosomes) contained a single base substitution (A----G) at position -29 within
      the highly conserved proximal promoter element (the "TATA" box). This mutant gene
      directed beta-globin RNA at 25% of normal levels both in heterologous cells and
      in vivo. It was associated with a mild beta +-thalassemia phenotype. A different
      gene, isolated from an apparently rare haplotype (1 of 22 chromosomes), had a
      single base substitution (A----G) within the acceptor splice site of the second
      intervening sequence. This mutation abolished normal RNA splicing so that the
      only RNA made from the gene in vitro was an alternatively spliced RNA, which
      could not encode beta-globin. The mild deficit in beta-globin production
      attributable to the -29 A----G mutant allele most likely accounts for the
      frequently mild nature of beta-thalassemia among American Blacks.

PMID- 6583703
TI  - X chromosome-linked muscular dystrophy (mdx) in the mouse.
AB  - An X chromosome-linked mouse mutant (gene symbol, mdx) has been found that has
      elevated plasma levels of muscle creatine kinase and pyruvate kinase and exhibits
      histological lesions characteristic of muscular dystrophy. The mutants show mild
      clinical symptoms and are viable and fertile. Linkage analysis with four X
      chromosome loci indicates that mdx maps in the Hq Bpa region of the mouse X
      chromosome. This gives a gene order of mdx-Tfm-Pgk-1-Ags, the same as for the
      equivalent genes on the human X chromosome.

PMID- 6583704
TI  - Detection of a secreted form of the murine H-2 class I antigen with an antibody
      against its predicted carboxyl terminus.
AB  - Analysis of H-2 class I-specific cDNA clones has suggested the synthesis by the
      liver of a class I molecule that is secreted rather than membrane bound. To
      detect this putative class I-related molecule, we have predicted a unique region
      of amino acid sequence located toward the carboxyl terminus of the molecule that
      is not expected to be shared with any of the classical H-2 class I antigens, and
      we have generated specific antibodies to a synthetic peptide corresponding to
      this sequence. Indirect immunoprecipitation with this antibody led to the
      identification of a Mr 40,000 polypeptide in association with beta 2
      microglobulin in the serum of mice of five different H-2 haplotypes. This class I
      molecule is also detected in the liver together with lower molecular weight
      components, which are presumably underglycosylated precursors. Synthesis of this
      molecule is not detected in thymus, spleen, kidney, or testis. This class I serum
      component has no detectable reactivity with either a broad-specificity
      alloantiserum against H-2b or a xenoantiserum against purified H-2a class I
      molecules. The availability of a specific antibody against the secreted class I
      molecule offers a means to purify this protein for structural and functional
      studies.

PMID- 6583705
TI  - Chaotic behavior in dopamine neurodynamics.
AB  - We report the results of the dynamics of a model of the central dopaminergic
      neuronal system. In particular, for certain values of a parameter k, which
      monitors the efficacy of dopamine at the postsynaptic receptor, chaotic solutions
      of the dynamical equations appear--a prediction that correlates with the observed
      increased variability in behavior among schizophrenics, the rapid fluctuations in
      motor activity among Parkinsonian patients treated chronically with L-dopa, and
      the lability of mood in some patients with an affective disorder. Moreover our
      hypothesis offers specific results concerning the appearance or disappearance of
      erratic solutions as a function of k and the external input to the dopamine
      neuronal system.

PMID- 6583706
TI  - Optimal sequential sampling from two populations.
AB  - Given two statistical populations with unknown means, we consider the problem of
      sampling chi 1, chi 2, ... sequentially from these populations so as to achieve
      the greatest possible expected value of the sum Sn = chi 1 + ... + chi n. In
      particular, for normal populations, we obtain the optimal rule and study its
      properties when the average of the two population means is assumed known, and
      exhibit an asymptotically optimal rule without assuming any prior knowledge about
      the population means.

PMID- 6583707
TI  - Induction of two genes by glucose starvation in hamster fibroblasts.
AB  - The coordinated expression of two genes specifically induced by glucose
      starvation is demonstrated in a hamster fibroblast cell line, K12. Using two cDNA
      plasmids, p4A3 and p3C5, as hybridization probes, we examine the kinetics of
      induction of these genes when the cells are grown in medium deprived of glucose.
      The results show that (i) after a lag period of about 8 hr, there is a rapid and
      simultaneous increase of the p4A3 and p3C5 mRNA levels and (ii) the elevation of
      the mRNA levels for p4A3 and p3C5 is largely due to new transcription. In
      addition, we compare the mRNA transcripts encoded by these glucose-regulated
      genes in culture cells and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, the enzyme that
      catalyzes the rate-limiting step in gluconeogenesis in fasted rats. Our results
      indicate that the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is not
      inducible by glucose starvation in our culture cells.

PMID- 6583709
TI  - Truth telling in pediatrics. Case for discussion.

PMID- 6583708
TI  - Trypanosome variant-specific glycoproteins: a polygene protein family with
      multiple folding patterns?
AB  - Infection with the African trypanosomes gives rise to relapsing waves of
      parasitemia in the host. A predominant population of trypanosomes is present in
      each wave, and such predominant populations are usually serologically distinct
      from each other. Trypanosomes are covered by an extramembranous, highly
      antigenic, variant-specific glycoprotein coat that is 15 nm thick. The primary
      structure of a large portion of the glycoprotein molecule is different in the
      predominant trypanosome populations of each parasitemic wave. Analysis of the
      secondary structure potential of five full-length and five partial amino acid
      sequences of variant-specific glycoproteins from members of the Trypanosoma
      brucei complex has been carried out. The potentials for alpha-helix, beta-turns,
      and beta-strand structure have been calculated. A high degree of alpha-helical
      structure potential is present in all the full-length or partial sequences
      examined. There is conservation of secondary structure potential in the COOH
      terminal 100 amino acids, where both partial and complete conservation of primary
      amino acid sequence exists. The NH2-terminal regions are rich in alpha-helix
      potential. However, over large stretches of the middle of the VSG molecules there
      is wide diversity of secondary structure potential. This suggests that tertiary
      folding structures may also be different in this region. If these predictions are
      true, different regions of the variant-specific glycoprotein could be exposed to
      the solvent in different variant-specific trypanosome serotypes. The implication
      is that antigenic variation is mediated by a polygene family of glycoproteins
      containing highly polymorphic regions. These could fold differently and expose
      different surface regions of the protein to the solvent. This device might reduce
      immune crossreactivity among members of the variant-specific glycoprotein family.

PMID- 6583710
TI  - Discussion summary: truth telling in pediatrics.

PMID- 6583711
TI  - Prostaglandin levels following acute metabolic acidosis.

PMID- 6583712
TI  - Normal plasma thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels in childhood
      diabetes.

PMID- 6583713
TI  - Cigarette smoke ventilation decreases thromboxane B2 metabolism in isolated rat
      lungs.
AB  - 3H-TxB2 was infused into the pulmonary circulation of isolated perfused rat
      lungs. The metabolites were analysed from the nonrecirculating perfusion
      effluent. When the lungs were ventilated with cigarette smoke the amount of
      unmetabolized TxB2 in the effluent was increased by 50%. The amount of the main
      metabolite was, however, not changed. The efflux of radioactivity from the lungs
      after a bolus injection of 3H-TxB2 was slower during cigarette smoke ventilation
      than during air ventilation. This suggests that cigarette smoke inhibits the
      enzymes metabolizing TxB2 rather than the pulmonary thromboxane uptake system.

PMID- 6583714
TI  - Clinical correlates of sulcal widening in chronic schizophrenia.
AB  - Fifty-five chronic schizophrenic males who consented to have a computed
      tomographic (CT) brain scan were divided into those with cerebral atrophy
      evidenced by sulcal widening (n = 22) and those with normal sulci (n = 33). The
      two groups were compared on several clinical variables obtained from medical
      records by psychiatrists who were unaware of the CT results. Schizophrenic men
      with sulcal enlargement were significantly less likely to show agitation as a
      clinical symptom during an acute relapse and had significantly worse cognitive
      test scores on admission to the hospital. The implications of these findings are
      compared to the literature on ventricular enlargement and their clinical
      applications are discussed.

PMID- 6583715
TI  - Short-lived effect of (Des-Tyr)-gamma-endorphin in schizophrenia.
AB  - Des-tyrosine-gamma-endorphin (DT gamma E) has been reported to alleviate symptoms
      of schizophrenia. Attempting to replicate those reports, we administered 1 mg of
      DT gamma E, i.m., for 8 consecutive days to nine patients meeting the DSM-III
      criteria for schizophrenia. Patients in this double-blind, crossover, and placebo
      controlled study showed a statistically significant, but clinically modest
      improvement. The improvement was detectable during the first several days of the
      DT gamma E treatment; the symptoms then returned to baseline level in spite of
      continued doses of DT gamma E. Testing the metabolism of DT gamma E in the
      patients' plasma, we found a high rate of formation and of degradation, but the
      metabolic rates were not related to clinical symptoms.

PMID- 6583716
TI  - Urinary MHPG and ward behavior in unmedicated psychiatric patients.
AB  - The relationship between urinary excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol
      (MHPG) and overt behaviors emitted in two hospital environments was examined in a
      group of 27 drug-free psychiatric patients. Depressed patients with high MHPG
      excretion ate less and engaged in less visual activity in the lunch environment.
      Schizophrenic patients but not depressive patients with high MHPG tended to have
      greater body activity during the gym environment. The implications of these
      findings for the identification of subtypes of depression and schizophrenia, and
      for an improved methodology in investigation of biobehavioral relations in
      clinical populations, are discussed.

PMID- 6583717
TI  - Relatives of unipolar and bipolar patients have normal pursuit.
AB  - Impaired smooth pursuit eye movements are significantly less prevalent among the
      first-degree relatives of patients who have major affective disorders than among
      the first-degree relatives of schizophrenics. The distribution of normal and
      abnormal smooth pursuit among the relatives of unipolar and bipolar patients does
      not differ from that of normal individuals having no family history of major
      psychosis. Smooth pursuit impairment is thus specific to relatives of
      schizophrenic patients and is not characteristic of relatives of patients with
      major affective disorders.

PMID- 6583718
TI  - Skin conductance: a potentially sensitive test for depression.
AB  - The mean resting skin conductance level (SCL) in 31 inpatients with major
      unipolar depression was 2.63 mumho/cm2 +/- SD 1.41 compared to 7.81 mumho/cm2 +/-
      SD 3.0 in the control group. The best criterion below which an SCL could be
      considered abnormal was 4.3 mumho/cm2 with a resulting sensitivity of 87% and
      specificity of 89%. There was a significant difference in SCL between males and
      females but none between drug-free and medicated patients. SCL was abnormal in
      all depression subtypes. The SCL may represent a biological final common pathway
      in depression and may prove to be a very effective diagnostic test for
      depression.

PMID- 6583719
TI  - Depression and CSF endorphin fraction I: seasonal variation and higher levels in
      unipolar than bipolar patients.
AB  - Radioreceptor assay of endorphin Fraction I in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of
      92 inpatients suffering from major depression revealed the following: (1) clearly
      elevated levels as compared to normal control subjects, (2) higher level in
      unipolar than in bipolar patients, and (3) seasonal rhythms showing peaks in
      early fall for unipolar patients and late fall for bipolar patients. The annual
      pattern observed bears some resemblance to the known seasonal variations in the
      incidence of affective disorders and suicide.

PMID- 6583720
TI  - [Electrosurgery, more accurately: radiosurgery (I)].

PMID- 6583721
TI  - [Preparation of short root canals - supplementation with the Vari-Fix Stopper
      system].

PMID- 6583722
TI  - [Supernumerary teeth in the maxillary anterior region with special reference to
      odontoids (I)].

PMID- 6583723
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6583724
TI  - [Rast-o-Pan bite blocks with millimeter screens - use and possibilities in
      surgical implantation procedures (I)].

PMID- 6583725
TI  - [Epithelial damage caused by topical anesthesia].

PMID- 6583726
TI  - [Electrosurgery, more accurately: radiosurgery (II)].

PMID- 6583727
TI  - [Transdental fixation with monocrystalline posts of aluminum oxide ceramic
      (Bioceram)].

PMID- 6583728
TI  - [Ready-made crowns in enamel anomalies in the juvenile dentition (case report)].

PMID- 6583730
TI  - [Is the oral irrigator an appropriate means of plaque removal?].

PMID- 6583729
TI  - [Supernumerary teeth in the maxillary anterior region with special reference to
      odontoids (II)].

PMID- 6583731
TI  - [Rast-o-Pan bite blocks with millimeter screens - use and possibilities in
      surgical implantation procedures (II)].

PMID- 6583732
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6583733
TI  - [A portable data processor for the office].

PMID- 6583734
TI  - [Synthetic filling materials in the posterior region. 5-year clinical experiences
      with Isocap and 3 different conventional composites (III)].

PMID- 6583735
TI  - [Rational approach to customized articulators used in the dental office and
      dental laboratory].

PMID- 6583736
TI  - [The temporomandibular joint arthrograph--a special radiographic apparatus for
      presentation of the temporomandibular joint (I)].

PMID- 6583737
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6583738
TI  - [Therapy of viral oral mucosal diseases].

PMID- 6583739
TI  - [The golden toothbrush. Critical thoughts on "the new wave of prevention"].

PMID- 6583740
TI  - [Intradermal nevus on the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6583741
TI  - [Are too many teeth extracted?].

PMID- 6583742
TI  - [New light-polymerizable crown and bridge veneering resins. A clinical report].

PMID- 6583743
TI  - [Occlusal correction of the completely or partially dentate bite using the
      sagittal guide slots of the functiograph].

PMID- 6583745
TI  - [The temporomandibular joint arthrograph - a special radiographic apparatus for
      presentation of the temporomandibular joint (II)].

PMID- 6583744
TI  - [Effect of intermittent intensive preventive measures].

PMID- 6583746
TI  - [Use of medications in dental practice during pregnancy].

PMID- 6583748
TI  - [Conservative dentistry].

PMID- 6583747
TI  - [Advances and focal points in oro-maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 6583749
TI  - [The Adaptor - a new retention appliance].

PMID- 6583750
TI  - [Orthodontics in Germany today].

PMID- 6583751
TI  - [Periodontology - data, facts, developments and outlook].

PMID- 6583752
TI  - [Photographic equipment for the dentist and dental technician - decision aids for
      the selection of a modern system].

PMID- 6583753
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6583754
TI  - [Dental practice management - yesterday - today - tomorrow].

PMID- 6583755
TI  - [Education and advanced education - the dental profession in the Federal Republic
      of Germany].

PMID- 6583756
TI  - [Legal aspects of oral implantation].

PMID- 6583757
TI  - [Fissure sealants].

PMID- 6583758
TI  - [Basic knowledge: definitive filling materials (IV)].

PMID- 6583760
TI  - [Viewpoint and oral hygiene measures in endosseous implantation].

PMID- 6583759
TI  - [The dental hygienist. Education and functions].

PMID- 6583761
TI  - [Work steps in small laboratory jobs].

PMID- 6583762
TI  - [Preventive aspects during tooth eruption (I)].

PMID- 6583763
TI  - [Basic knowledge: endodontics (I)].

PMID- 6583764
TI  - [Motivation for oral hygiene].

PMID- 6583765
TI  - [Patients in the office].

PMID- 6583766
TI  - [Cooperation of the assistant in filling therapy - an every day task (I)].

PMID- 6583767
TI  - [Basic knowledge: definitive filling materials (I)].

PMID- 6583768
TI  - [The enzyme in toothpaste].

PMID- 6583769
TI  - [The dental assistant and ergonomics].

PMID- 6583771
TI  - [The cooperation of the assistant in filling therapy - an every day task (II)].

PMID- 6583770
TI  - [Oral hygiene measures - the duties of the dental assistant and the hygienist
      (III)].

PMID- 6583772
TI  - [Basis knowledge: definitive filling materials (II)].

PMID- 6583773
TI  - [Psychological aspects of preventive measures in dental practice].

PMID- 6583774
TI  - [Happiness at work - results in practice].

PMID- 6583775
TI  - [Charges for cast fillings (inlays) and onlays].

PMID- 6583776
TI  - [Oral hygiene measures - the duties of the dental assistant and hygienist (IV)].

PMID- 6583777
TI  - [The half angle technic - the parallel technic (I)].

PMID- 6583778
TI  - [Introduction to education in the field].

PMID- 6583779
TI  - [Basic knowledge: definitive filling materials (III)].

PMID- 6583780
TI  - [Toothbrushing in kindergarten].

PMID- 6583781
TI  - [Use and duties of the dental assistant/dental hygienist in systematic
      periodontal treatment].

PMID- 6583782
TI  - [Ergonomics in the preventive workplace].

PMID- 6583783
TI  - [The half angle technic - the parallel technic (II)].

PMID- 6583784
TI  - [Diseases of the mouth].

PMID- 6583785
TI  - [Lucite crystallization in fired ceramics].

PMID- 6583786
TI  - [The dangers of dust to the lungs of dental technicians].

PMID- 6583787
TI  - [Removal of fine dust in the dental technical workplace].

PMID- 6583788
TI  - [An enclosed protrusion spring with additional support].

PMID- 6583789
TI  - [A combined action element for the arrangement of single teeth].

PMID- 6583790
TI  - [Energy technics in the dental laboratory].

PMID- 6583791
TI  - Mechanism of increased renal prostaglandin E2 in uranyl nitrate-induced acute
      renal failure.
AB  - We have previously demonstrated that decreased cortical prostaglandin metabolism
      can contribute significantly to an increase in renal tissue levels and activity
      of prostaglandin E2 in bilateral ureteral obstruction, a model of acute renal
      failure. In the present study, we have further investigated whether alterations
      in prostaglandin metabolism can occur in a nephrotoxic model of acute renal
      failure. Prostaglandin synthesis, prostaglandin E2 metabolism (measured as both
      prostaglandin E2-9-ketoreductase and prostaglandin E2-15-hydroxydehydrogenase
      activity), and tissue concentration of prostaglandin E2 were determined in rabbit
      kidneys following an intravenous administration of uranyl nitrate (5 mg/kg). No
      changes in the rates of cortical microsomal prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F2
      alpha synthesis were noted at the end of 1 and 3 days, while medullary synthesis
      of prostaglandin E2 fell by 47% after 1 day and 43% after 3 days. Cortical
      cytosolic prostaglandin E2-9-ketoreductase activity was found to be decreased by
      36% and 76% after 1 and 3 days respectively. No significant changes were noted in
      cortical cytosolic prostaglandin E2-15-hydroxydehydrogenase activity after 3
      days. Cortical tissue levels of prostaglandin E2 increased by 500% at the end of
      3 days. These data demonstrate that in nephrotoxic acute renal failure, decreased
      prostaglandin metabolism (i.e., prostaglandin E2-9-ketoreductase activity) can
      result in increased tissue levels of prostaglandin E2 in the absence of increased
      prostaglandin synthesis and suggest that alterations in prostaglandin metabolism
      may be an important regulator of prostaglandin activity in acute renal failure.

PMID- 6583792
TI  - Urinary excretion of immunoreactive prostaglandin F2 alpha in healthy children
      and adults.
AB  - The 24-hours urinary excretion of immunoreactive prostaglandin F2 alpha (U-iPGF2
      alpha) in normal children on a free diet was not significantly different in 30
      boys (aged 3-15 years; geometric mean 589 ng/24 h) compared to 27 girls (aged 4
      14 years; mean 473 ng/24 h). In both sexes this excretion rose with age until
      adolescence where it reached a plateau. In normal adults the men had
      significantly higher (p less than 0.001) excretions of U-iPGF2 alpha than the
      women; also body weight and urinary creatinine excretion were higher in men (p
      less than 0.001). In the children, as well as in the total population, U-iPGF2
      alpha correlated best with body weight (r = 0.44 and r = 0.48 respectively; p
      less than 0.001) and the urinary creatinine excretion (r = 0.53 and 0.57
      respectively; p less than 0.001); both body weight and urinary creatinine
      excretion are reflections of total body development. After the correction for
      urinary creatinine excretion or for body weight, the sex difference in the adult
      U-iPGF2 alpha totally disappeared.

PMID- 6583794
TI  - [Development of secondary neoplasms in Hodgkin's disease as sequelae of oncologic
      therapy].

PMID- 6583793
TI  - [Cerebral changes shown by computed tomography in children with acute lymphatic
      leukemia after therapy].
AB  - The authors discuss the CT findings of the late brain damage by the
      radiochemotherapic treatment for the prophylaxis of meningeal leukemia in 50
      patients, 1 divided by 15 years old. The more frequent CT findings are:
      enlargement of the subaracnoid spaces; ventricular dilatation; hypodensity of
      cerebral parenchima; calcifications. These findings correspond to two clinical
      and anatomo-pathological conditions: subacute leucoencephalopathy and
      mineralizing microangiopathy. A greater damage on central nervous system was
      demonstrated in younger children (5 years old) at the time of prophylaxis of
      meningeal leukemia, that were irradiated with NSD = 950 ret.

PMID- 6583795
TI  - [Autogenic training in generalized fibrositis].

PMID- 6583796
TI  - [Anterior pulpless teeth: composites or porcelain].

PMID- 6583797
TI  - [Injuries to the temporary teeth: management].

PMID- 6583798
TI  - [Juvenile periodontitis. Clinical picture, etiology and treatment].

PMID- 6583800
TI  - [Contribution of endodontics and periodontics to the treatment of subtotal
      edentia].

PMID- 6583799
TI  - [Round table "Electrosurgery in today's practice"].

PMID- 6583801
TI  - [The cerebral palsy-impaired. Salivary incontinence and its treatment].

PMID- 6583802
TI  - [Estimation of free eugenol in the pulp after treating deep caries with a ZnO +
      eugenol paste].

PMID- 6583803
TI  - [Antibiotic therapy in dentistry].

PMID- 6583804
TI  - [Developing a rational treatment protocol in a complex clinical case].

PMID- 6583805
TI  - [Thermal and dimensional behavior of investments before casting].

PMID- 6583806
TI  - [Programming the initial lateral movement (ILM) using wax records of the
      mandibular lateral position on a 2nd generation Arcon articulator].

PMID- 6583807
TI  - [The periapex and the root canal].

PMID- 6583809
TI  - [The argument for preprosthetic surgery at the time of extraction].

PMID- 6583808
TI  - [Effect of new endodontic instruments in everyday practice].

PMID- 6583810
TI  - [Reduction and splinting of a partial crown-root fracture].

PMID- 6583812
TI  - [Centric relation].

PMID- 6583811
TI  - [Future trends in the immunotherapy of periodontal disease].

PMID- 6583813
TI  - [Geriatric dentistry: a very short-term need].

PMID- 6583814
TI  - [Mandibular anesthesia in pedodontics. The Akinosi method].

PMID- 6583815
TI  - [The lateral sliding flap in the treatment of isolated gingival recession].

PMID- 6583816
TI  - [Problems posed by complete edentulousness in children under 6 years old].

PMID- 6583818
TI  - [Otopalatodigital syndrome. Apropos of 3 female cases].
AB  - The oto-palato-digital syndrome about which much has been written on the male
      subject is analysed for a case of a mother and her two daughters which exhibited
      the main characteristics of the affliction with the exceptions of deafness and
      cleft-palate. These two manifestations, quoted in the name of the syndrome will
      be tackled later like its mode of transmission which still remains obscure.

PMID- 6583817
TI  - Clinical and immunogenetic studies in rheumatoid arthritis from northern India.
AB  - A total of 258 patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis seen over a 7-year
      period were included in this study. The majority of the patients had relatively
      mild disease at the time of presentation. The incidence of extraarticular
      manifestations such as subcutaneous nodules, vasculitis, amyloidosis and
      pulmonary involvement was low although one or two pulmonary function test
      parameters were abnormal in some. Seventy patients were tested for all three
      subclasses of rheumatoid factors - IgM, IgG and IgA. Of these, 23 patients had
      all three whilst four had only IgG. The 62 patients who had most typical and
      severe manifestations were typed for four major HLA loci A, B, C and DR. Of these
      42 (67.7%) had DR4 antigen while DR3 antigen was detected in 14 (22.6%).

PMID- 6583819
TI  - [Lethal midline granuloma, An anatomoclinical study apropos of 3 cases].
AB  - In Midline malignant granuloma, a clinical entity characterized by necrotic
      ulcerations of the upper respiratory tract, two different histological features
      can be observed. The first one, called "idiopathic" granuloma, looks like simple
      granulation tissue and remains a strictly localized disease. In the second type
      (midline malignant reticulosis or histiocytosis), the granulation tissue contains
      atypical histiocytic cells. The 3 cases reported here belong to this last group.
      The early lesions were located in the nose (2 cases) or in the maxillary sinus (1
      case). The histological analysis showed in all cases 20 to 40% of atypical
      histiocytes associated with other "inflammatory" cells. Radiotherapy was used in
      association with chemotherapy or surgery in the treatment. One patient is still
      alive at 3 years. We have no follow-up data for another patient. The third
      patient died after 18 months. An autopsy demonstrated multifocal visceral
      involvement by atypical histiocytes (malignant histiocytic lymphoma). The
      histogenesis of this disease, in light of histoenzymological and ultrastructural
      findings, and its possible relationship to lymphomatoid granulomatosis are
      discussed.

PMID- 6583820
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of temporomandibular dysfunctions. The experience of the
      Clinique de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale de Lyon].
AB  - Temporomandibular dysfunction is a relatively frequent disorder, affecting mainly
      young women, that remains a poorly recognized entity. Clinical symptoms usually
      associate pain and cracking of the jaw, frequently accompanied by limitation of
      opening of the mouth. Occlusal injury is the cause of the dysfunction in every
      case. Two panoramic radiographs, one in the usual terminal occlusion and the
      other with the mouth open, provide evidence of the amount of condylar movement
      and the morphology of the condyles. Active mandibular movements provide muscular
      re-education. The inhibitors of occlusion (palatine plate to increase incisor
      elevation or covering plate) have the objective of reducing muscle spasm.
      Treatment of the cause of the disorder is based on occlusal rehabilitation,
      surgery of the temporomandibular joint being doomed to failure as it attacks the
      consequences and not the origin of the occlusal dysfunction.

PMID- 6583821
TI  - [Short-cone or semi-distancing technic. Substitution for so-called contact
      projections].
AB  - Radiation protection requires that the so-called "on contact" (PARMA) projections
      be prohibited. They can be replaced by the short cone technique, which provides a
      sufficient enlargement to eliminate parasitic shadows on the unexamined opposite
      side, and is indicated for profile radiology of the TMA and profile parotid
      sialography examinations.

PMID- 6583822
TI  - [Radiologic anatomy of the bony lacrimal canal. Axial projections].
AB  - Radiologic exploration of the bony lacrimal duct is principally indicated in
      lacrimal disorders secondary to facial injuries. The use of an axial projection
      enables analysis of possible displacements or obliterations. Its associations
      with lacrimography is often indispensable.

PMID- 6583823
TI  - [Treatment of florid oral papillomatosis. Apropos of 10 cases].
AB  - Florid oral papillomatosis is a well defined, not exceptionally observed clinical
      entity of unknown pathogenesis. The exuberant lesions are characterized by their
      benign appearance on histology, but this is usually associated with a marked
      capacity for progression and recurrence and a tendency for epitheliomatous
      degeneration. Based on a review of cases in the published literature and a series
      of ten patients treated personally, it would appear that radiation therapy should
      be formally excluded, and that the treatment of choice is by wide excision
      associated, whenever possible, with reconstructive surgery.

PMID- 6583824
TI  - Proliferation and differentiation of normal and chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML)
      marrow cells in suspension cultures.
AB  - Immature myeloid cells highly enriched for colony-forming cells, myeloblasts and
      promyelocytes were isolated in Percoll gradients (lighter than 1.065 g/ml) from
      patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) or normal healthy volunteers. The
      proliferation and differentiation of these cells were followed in suspension
      cultures in McCoy's medium (15% FCS) with or without the addition of 15% human
      placenta conditioned medium (HP-CM) over a culture period of 12-16 d. Ion
      exchange chromatography and gel chromatography indicated that the proliferation
      stimulating activity in HP-CM was colony-stimulating activity (CSA). In
      unstimulated cultures (without HP-CM), normal cells produced very few
      neutrophils; macrophage production dominated. CML cells, on the other hand, gave
      rise to neutrophils even in the absence of stimulatory factor(s). The effect of
      HP-CM was dependent on the initial concentration: at a 'low' (1 X 10(5)/ml)
      concentration, the addition of HP-CM resulted in a great increase in neutrophils,
      but at a 'high' (5-8 X 10(5)/ml) initial cell concentration, HP-CM gave only
      minimal increase in neutrophil numbers in both normal and CML cultures. These
      observations suggest endogenous differences between normal and CML precursors in
      their requirements for or responses to growth stimulatory or inhibitory factors.

PMID- 6583825
TI  - The treatment of ureteral colic and biliary pain -- a symposium with special
      reference to the use of indomethacin.

PMID- 6583826
TI  - Ureteral colic. Epidemiologic and therapeutic aspects.

PMID- 6583827
TI  - Ureteral and biliary colic in an emergency out-patient department.

PMID- 6583828
TI  - The pathophysiology of ureteral colic.

PMID- 6583829
TI  - Conventional methods of treating pain from ureteral stone.

PMID- 6583831
TI  - Intravenous indomethacin in the treatment of ureteral colic: a multicenter pilot
      study.

PMID- 6583830
TI  - The effect of indomethacin on glomerular capillary pressure and renal pelvic
      pressure in ureteral obstruction.

PMID- 6583832
TI  - The significance of fluid restriction in indomethacin treatment of pain from
      ureteral stone.

PMID- 6583833
TI  - How does a fall in pelvic pressure influence the passage of a ureteral stone?

PMID- 6583834
TI  - Biliary pain. Epidemiology and definition of problem.

PMID- 6583835
TI  - Pathophysiological aspects on biliary pain.

PMID- 6583836
TI  - Studies on experimental cholecystitis.

PMID- 6583837
TI  - Effects of indomethacin on gallbladder pressure in patients with acute
      cholecystitis.

PMID- 6583838
TI  - Analgetic effects of indomethacin (Confortid) compared to Ketogin in patients
      with acute cholecystitis.

PMID- 6583839
TI  - Visceral pain.

PMID- 6583840
TI  - Distribution of haematological, serum and urine values in a general population of
      middle-aged men. The Reykjavik Study.
AB  - In the first stage of a prospective cardiovascular health survey, 2955 males aged
      34-61 years were invited for examination during a 12-month period. The response
      was 75%. Appointments were arranged in such a way that all age groups would be
      equivalent with respect to time of day, weekday and time of year on which
      appointments were given. In fasting blood and urine samples the following
      quantities were estimated: s-alkaline phosphatase (AP), s-bilirubin (Bil), s
      creatinine (Cre), s-uric acid (UA), haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (Hct), mean
      cell haemoglobin content (MCHC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and urine
      specific gravity (USG). The approximate 5% and 95% centiles were as follows:
      (table; see text) No indication of seasonal variation was found in these results.

PMID- 6583842
TI  - Thickness discrimination threshold during conscious biting and chewing.

PMID- 6583841
TI  - [Pulp-dentin reactions to 3 amalgam condensation technics: manual, mechanical,
      ultrasonic].

PMID- 6583843
TI  - Twenty-three year old caucasian female at 23 weeks gestation with vaginal
      bleeding and abnormal ultrasound study.

PMID- 6583844
TI  - Thirty year old caucasian male with acute onset of abdominal pain.

PMID- 6583845
TI  - Another public health hazard--the cordless telephone.

PMID- 6583846
TI  - Appearance of a new nucleosomal protein during differentiation of human leukemia
      (HL-60) cells.
AB  - A 60-kilodalton protein was identified in chromatin digested by micrococcal
      nuclease during retinoic acid-induced differentiation of human leukemia (HL-60)
      cells to mature-like granulocytes. The protein was not detected in a retinoic
      acid-resistant variant of the HL-60 cell line treated with retinoic acid, in HL
      60 cells induced with dimethyl sulfoxide, or in normal human granulocytes. This
      protein may have an important role in the regulation of retinoic acid-induced
      leukemic cell differentiation.

PMID- 6583847
TI  - Case report 260: parosteal osteosarcoma of the pubis.

PMID- 6583848
TI  - [Supplementary treatment at home: oxygen therapy, assisted ventilation].

PMID- 6583849
TI  - Double primary malignancies: osteosarcoma and medulloblastoma.
AB  - We report the case of an 8 1/2-year-old boy who, after successful treatment for
      osteosarcoma, had a fatal medulloblastoma. We discuss the possible causes for
      such an association.

PMID- 6583850
TI  - Provisional assignment of MPI, PKM2, PGM3, and ME1 to Chinese hamster chromosome
      4.
AB  - Concordant segregation analysis of Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus) isozymes
      and chromosomes segregating from hamster X mouse interspecific somatic cell
      hybrids revealed that loci for ME1, PGM3, MPI, and PKM2 are located on Chinese
      hamster chromosome 4. Synteny of these loci in hamsters provides additional
      evidence for the conservation of mammalian autosomal linkage groups.

PMID- 6583851
TI  - Genetic analysis of control of proliferation in fibroblastic cells in culture. I.
      Isolation and characterization of mutants temperature-sensitive for proliferation
      or survival of untransformed diploid rat cell line 3Y1.
AB  - Mutants temperature sensitive for proliferation or survival were isolated from an
      untransformed diploid clone of fibroblastic rat cells (3Y1), according to an
      isolation protocol that selected for mutants defective at 38.5 degrees C
      (selection temperature) in undergoing the transition from quiescent to
      proliferating state while maintaining viability at 38.5 degrees C. Of the 108
      temperature-sensitive clones isolated, 32 were examined for survival in sparse
      cultures at 39.8 degrees C (nonpermissive temperature) and classified into four
      classes. Results of temperature shift-up experiments suggest that functions
      defective in 11 of the 32 mutants are necessary not only for changing from the
      quiescent to proliferating state but also for maintenance of the proliferating
      state. Of the 32 mutants, 17 were assigned to eight complementation groups.
      Results of the physiological characterization of the representative mutants of
      each of the eight complementation groups are presented.

PMID- 6583852
TI  - DNA-mediated restoration of phenylalanine hydroxylase gene expression in enzyme
      deficient derivatives of enzyme-constitutive mouse cell hybrids.
AB  - Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PH) gene expression is not extinguished in hybrids
      between PH- mouse A9 cells, or its neomycin-resistant derivative A9Neo-3, and PH+
      mouse erythroleukemia (MEL) cells, PHC-3A, in contrast to its extinction in
      hybrids between A9Neo-3 and PH+ rat hepatoma cells, FT-2. Two different types of
      6-thioguanine (TG) -resistant derivatives of these A9 X PHC-3A hybrids (LP), are
      generated in regard to PH gene expression. In regular growth medium supplemented
      with 10(-4) M TG (Tyr+/TG), TGr derivatives, all of which continue to express PH,
      occur with high frequency (approximately equal to 10(-3). In contrast, in
      tyrosine-deficient selective medium, supplemented with 10(-4) M TG (Tyr-/TG), no
      actively growing colonies are observed. Nevertheless, small colonies containing
      quiescent cells can be rescued by supplementing the medium with tyrosine. The
      rescued TGr clones do not express any detectable level of PH. Biochemical,
      hybridization, and cybridization analyses of one such rescued clone, LPTG-3,
      showed that these cells lack the regulatory factor capable of activating PH gene
      in PH- MEL cells. The PH- phenotype of LPTG-3 cells can be converted to the PH+
      phenotype by transfection with restriction enzyme-digested or -undigested PHC-3A
      or mouse liver DNA. Therefore, these cells could be used to clone a fragment of
      DNA involved in PH gene regulation through DNA-mediated gene transfer methods.

PMID- 6583853
TI  - High frequency "switching" at the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase locus in
      multipotent mouse teratocarcinoma stem cells.
AB  - Clones of multipotent mouse tetratocarcinoma stem cells, presumptively
      heterozygous at the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) locus (EC 2.4.2.7),
      were selected for partial resistance to the purine analog 2',6'-diaminopurine
      (DAP). All had approximately 50% APRT activity as compared to the parental line
      and were found to segregate homozygous deficient cells at a high frequency
      (approximately 10(-2]. Homozygous deficient cells were isolated from one of the
      heterozygotes and were found to fall into a single class characterized by
      residual activity and the segregation of revertants at an equally high frequency.
      The revertants in turn gave rise to full mutants at comparably high frequencies.
      Chromosomal changes detectable with the light microscope were not associated with
      these transitions. Physical characterization of the APRT enzymes derived from
      mutant, revertant, and wild-type cells did not reveal any differences. We
      conclude that the reversible "switching" between heterozygosity and homozygosity
      is attributable to some form of gene inactivation and reactivation rather than to
      classical mutational events.

PMID- 6583854
TI  - Amplification versus mutation as a mechanism for reversion of an HGPRT mutation.
AB  - We have used a cloned cDNA for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
      (HGPRT) to analyze the HGPRT gene and mRNA in an HGPRT-deficient mutant of
      Chinese hamster cells (RJK10) and its HGPRT-positive revertants. By Southern blot
      analysis, no DNA rearrangements were detected within the genes from any of the
      cell lines examined. However, four of five spontaneous revertants each contained
      10- to 20-fold more copies of the HGPRT gene than did RJK10 or wild-type cells.
      In contrast, the gene was not amplified in four mutagen-induced revertants. The
      RJK10 mutation did not alter the size or concentration of HGPRT mRNA and
      representatives of the revertants contained the mRNA in amounts proportional to
      the number of genes they carried. Examples of clones with either stable or
      unstable gene amplification were identified and their HGPRT-positive phenotypes
      were shown to be dependent on the gene amplification. In a stably amplified
      revertant, the extra genes were found to be syntenic with the X chromosome marker
      glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. In an unstable revertant only one of the 10 to
      20 copies of the gene could be shown to be X linked. Thus, we found that RJK10
      can revert by at least two distinct mechanisms: amplification of the HGPRT gene,
      which occurred spontaneously, or point mutation, which predominated after
      exposure to mutagens.

PMID- 6583855
TI  - Retention of both parental mitochondrial DNA species in mouse-Chinese hamster
      somatic cell hybrids.
AB  - Interspecific somatic cell hybrids were isolated following the fusion of an
      oligomycin-resistant derivative of LM (TK-) mouse cells to a chloramphenicol
      resistant derivative of AK412 Chinese hamsters cells. Hybrids were selected in
      either HAT medium, HAT plus chloramphenicol (CAP), HAT plus oligomycin (OLI), or
      HAT plus chloramphenicol and oligomycin. Cytogenetic analysis of the hybrids
      indicated that their karyotype reflected the sum of the parents. Hybrids selected
      in HAT medium alone or HAT plus OLI retained primarily mouse mitochondrial DNA
      while those selected in HAT plus CAP, or HAT plus CAP plus OLI retained both
      species of mitochondrial DNA. There was no evidence for mitochondrial DNA
      recombination, despite the continued growth of these hybrids in CAP plus OLI.
      Hybrids that were removed from dual antibiotic selection for over three months
      retained both species of mitochondrial DNA in approximately equal amounts with no
      detectable loss or rearrangement.

PMID- 6583857
TI  - [Improved standard in substitution alloys].

PMID- 6583858
TI  - [Improved standard in impression materials].

PMID- 6583856
TI  - Characterization of reiterated human DNA with respect to mammalian X chromosome
      homology.
AB  - Recombinants containing human repetitive DNA sequences were identified by dot
      hybridization and classified with respect to presence on the X chromosome and
      homology to mouse DNA. Using genomic probes that differ in number of X
      chromosomes, we observed extensive homology between human autosomal and X
      sequences. Hybridization to genomic probes that differ in species of origin
      indicate that these reiterated sequences have diverged between mouse and man.
      Eleven recombinants, each containing a different reiterated sequence(s), were
      hybridized in situ to metaphase chromosomes of mouse and man. These studies
      indicate that reiterated DNA which is homologous to the human X chromosome is
      more similar to DNA of human autosomes than to any murine chromosome. Therefore,
      it seems that reiterated DNA sequences on the human X chromosome have diverged as
      much during mammalian evolution as sequences on human autosomes. Moreover, the
      extensive modification of the original mammalian X has not interferred with the X
      inactivation process.

PMID- 6583859
TI  - [Diagnosis and endodontic treatment of traumatic pulp exposure and/or root
      fracture prior to the completion of root development].

PMID- 6583860
TI  - [Mandibular function and electromyography].

PMID- 6583861
TI  - [In response to the argument on restorative preservation of dental caries between
      Dr. Fusayama and Dr. Kondo].

PMID- 6583862
TI  - [A new composite resin "Palfique"--characteristics and clinical use].

PMID- 6583863
TI  - [Gingival discoloration produced by metal core; a case report].

PMID- 6583864
TI  - [Selection of dental x-ray apparatus].

PMID- 6583865
TI  - [Mandibular movement in malocclusion--cephalometric comparison before and after
      orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6583866
TI  - [Relapse following orthodontic retention in anterior crossbite].

PMID- 6583867
TI  - [Nd-YAG laser in treating periapical lesions].

PMID- 6583869
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment with better results].

PMID- 6583868
TI  - [TMJ syndrome and maximum mouth opening capacity tested during clinical dental
      check-ups].

PMID- 6583870
TI  - [Management of skeletal-type malocclusions].

PMID- 6583871
TI  - [Dental care in Sweden].

PMID- 6583872
TI  - [Activities to promote community dental health].

PMID- 6583873
TI  - Secretion rate and buffer effect of resting and stimulated whole saliva as a
      function of age and sex.
AB  - Duplicate determinations of secretion rate and buffer effect of resting and
      stimulated whole saliva were made in 629 adults (286 males and 343 females)
      within an interval of 1-2 weeks. The subjects were arbitrarily classified into
      four separate age-groups. For all variables studied, a highly significant
      correlation was obtained between the duplicate tests. The secretion rate of
      resting as well as stimulated saliva was significantly lower for females than for
      males. For females, the resting secretion rate was negatively correlated with
      age. The buffer effect was also significantly lower in the females for both
      resting and stimulated saliva. For the females, the buffer effect was positively
      correlated with age and therefore, with advancing age, the females tended to
      catch up with the males. Irrespective of sex, the secretion rate of resting
      saliva was highly correlated to that of stimulated saliva. This relationship was
      established also for the buffer effect. However, between secretion rate and
      buffer effect a correlation was observed only for stimulated saliva.

PMID- 6583875
TI  - Denture patients: psychological evaluation and preparation.

PMID- 6583874
TI  - Intra- and interobserver variability in the assessment of signs of disorder in
      the stomatognathic system.
AB  - The observer variability in the assessment of signs of disorder in the
      stomatognathic system within a 3-hour period was investigated in 19 subjects. The
      clinical examination comprised measurement of maximal mouth opening capacity,
      sagittal distance between the retruded position (RP) and the intercuspal position
      (IP), vertical overbite, horizontal overjet and palpation for tenderness of
      masticatory muscles. The clinical dysfunction score and index (Helkimo 1974) were
      also calculated. The observer variability in the measurement of maximal mouth
      opening was quite low, while the relative variability in the measurement of the
      sagittal distance between RP and IP was high. The intra-observer variability of
      the nonparametric variables clinical dysfunction score and clinical dysfunction
      index was within accept able limits, while the interobserver variability was
      unacceptably high for all the non-parametric variables.

PMID- 6583876
TI  - Bracing for a breakthrough.

PMID- 6583877
TI  - Linkage disequilibrium between the HLA-B14 subdivisions and HLA-A, DR and
      properdin factor B alleles.
AB  - The recently reported linkage disequilibrium between HLA-B14.1 and DR7 and B14.2
      and DR1 has been confirmed in a study of 44 B14.1 and 40 B14.2 positive
      individuals. In addition, significant linkage disequilibrium was observed between
      BfF and B14.2. Data on 238 B14 positives (98 B14.1 and 140 B14.2), from a
      population of 4,238, continues to support the previous observation of
      associations between B14.1 and Aw32 and B14.2 and A3, A28 and Aw33. These
      findings add further evidence for the existence of B14 splits.

PMID- 6583878
TI  - Effects of calcium channel blockers on pial vascular responses to receptor
      mediated constrictors.
AB  - Published studies have seldom examined the in vivo effect of calcium channel
      blockers on the contractile response of cerebral vessels to receptor mediated
      constrictors, and have had little success in demonstrating any effect of a single
      systemic dose of the channel blockers in contrast to the effects of continuous
      infusions. The present study examines the effect of topical norepinephrine,
      prostaglandin F2 alpha and serotonin on pial arterioles of the mouse, in the
      presence of locally applied channel blockers and also 15 and 30 minutes after a
      single i.p. injection of the blockers. Verapamil, nisoldipine and nimodipine were
      all effective inhibitors of constriction by either route of administration, and
      in doses having little or no dilating action. The data not only indicate that
      single systemic doses can effectively alter contractile behavior of cerebral
      arterioles, but also demonstrate the importance of testing these drugs against
      receptor mediated constrictors whose effects, alone or in combination, may be
      important during initiation or maintenance of cerebral vasospasm.

PMID- 6583879
TI  - Responses of isolated canine basilar artery and human platelet to chlorpromazine
      and amitriptyline.
AB  - Sustained contraction of isolated canine basilar artery was induced by addition
      of prostaglandin F2 alpha, prostaglandin E2, hemoglobin-containing solution, or
      serum. Human platelet aggregation was induced by 1.0 microM adenosine
      diphosphate. The sustained contraction of basilar artery and the aggregation of
      platelet, particularly its secondary aggregation, were inhibited in a dose
      dependent manner by addition of chlorpromazine or amitriptyline; calmodulin
      antagonist. The molar concentrations at 50% inhibition by chlorpromazine or
      amitriptyline were 5.9 to 7.7 microM or 28 to 39 microM for the contraction of
      basilar artery and 57 microM or 111 microM for the secondary aggregation of
      platelet. The results were discussed mainly on the basis of interaction of
      psychotropic drugs and Ca2+, calmodulin-dependent enzymes, particularly myosin
      light chain phosphorylation.

PMID- 6583880
TI  - [Nucleolar organizer activity of normal and leukemic cells in human bone marrow].
AB  - The nucleolus organizer activity of bone marrow cell chromosomes has been studied
      by silver staining (Howell, Black, 1980) for 6 healthy donors, 24 patients with
      acute leukemia, and 17 patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia, including 6
      cases of blast crisis. In respect to the nucleolus organizer silver staining
      pattern, bone marrow cells of donors and of patients with leukemias appeared to
      be more heterogeneous than PHA-stimulated lymphocytes of the same individuals.
      The average numbers of Ag-stained nucleolus organizers per metaphase in donors
      (5.2 +/- 0.22), patients with chronic phases (4.9 +/- 0.30), and patients with
      blast crisis of myelocytic leukemia (5.3 +/- 0.37), and in those with acute
      leukemia (5.2 +/- 0.46) were lower than those in PHA-stimulated lymphocytes of
      the same individuals; a great part of bone marrow cell mitoses (from 19 up to
      46%) being Ag-negative in all the above groups. A conclusion is made that the
      heterogeneity in silver staining of the nucleolus organizers in bone marrow cells
      is due mostly to differences in their mitotic cell maturity degrees. Prospects of
      employment of silver staining of nucleolus organizers in cells for clinical
      purposes are discussed.

PMID- 6583882
TI  - [9th Scandinavian Congress on Perinatal Medicine. Uppsala, 31 August-2 September
      1983. Abstracts].

PMID- 6583881
TI  - Intranuclear undulating membranous structures in cells of a human parosteal
      osteosarcoma.
AB  - Large numbers of paracrystalline undulating membranous structures (UMS) were
      observed in the nuclei of dense cells in a human parosteal osteosarcoma. The
      electron-dense walls of the structures were 15-20 nm thick, and circular profiles
      had an outer diameter of 60-70 nm and an inner diameter of 25-30 nm. The UMS
      containing cell nuclei displayed a number of other characteristic features,
      including vermicellar bodies, large numbers of interchromatin granules, and
      prominent perichromatin granules. The possible significance of these features is
      discussed.

PMID- 6583883
TI  - Induction of parturition in cattle during the later stages of pregnancy: a
      comparison of three treatments.
AB  - To overcome dystocia, commonly associated with fetal oversize in prolonged
      pregnancies, parturition was induced with one of three agents: betamethasone,
      cloprostenol or dinoprost. Cows were treated on day 280 of pregnancy or later,
      and the average (+/- sd) gestation length was 287 days (+/- 5.1). Of the 75 cows
      treated, only one did not respond by calving within 72 hours of treatment. The
      time from treatment to calving was the same for all treatments; approximately 42
      hours. Four animals required veterinary assistance at calving and three others
      required farmer assistance. No further assistance was essential. Four days after
      birth three calves had died. The dams were three heifers which required
      veterinary assistance at calving. The incidence of retention of fetal membranes
      was similar after the three agents, approximately 38 per cent. Those cows which
      retained the fetal membranes took significantly longer to respond to treatment
      than those which did not. Irrespective of placental retention, there was no
      difference among treatments in the subsequent calving to conception interval; an
      overall mean value of 84 days was recorded.

PMID- 6583884
TI  - [Prostaglandins and chronic circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 6583885
TI  - [Changes in the proteinogram and serum immunoglobulins in acute and chronic
      myeloleukosis].

PMID- 6583886
TI  - [Initial description of hemoglobin D Punjab in an Austrian family].
AB  - Haemoglobin D Punjab was detected in a slightly overweight, but otherwise healthy
      pregnant woman when she was tested for gestational diabetes within the framework
      of a screening programme. Chromatographic evaluation of the haemolysate by high
      pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed an unusual "splitting" of the A1
      peak into two minor peaks. A diabetes-independent haemoglobin variant was
      suspected and further investigations, including electrophoresis, purification and
      sequential analysis of the tryptic peptide, identified the abnormal haemoglobin
      as haemoglobin D Punjab (beta 121 Glu-Gln). This is the first report of this
      haemoglobin variant in Austria. Various possible modes of geographical spreading
      of the gene from Punjab (India) are discussed, the land-route via Turkey being
      the most favourable hypothesis in this case. An investigation of 6 out of 7
      living members of the family was undertaken. In 3 instances haemoglobin D Punjab
      was confirmed by HPLC and electrophoresis. The investigation of the family is
      currently being expanded to include a total of five generations.

PMID- 6583887
TI  - [Metal alloys in dentistry].

PMID- 6583888
TI  - [Regression in the ovary of Myxine glutinosa L. (Cyclostomata). IV. Histochemical
      studies of atretic follicles].
AB  - Within the atretic follicles of Myxine glutinosa neither 3 beta
      hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase, being in close relation to steroid production, nor
      cholesterol was found. The proofs of aryl sulphatase activity and acid
      phosphatase activity gave positive results in all cell types of the atretic
      follicle. A very strong reaction was observed in the granulosa cells and the
      migrating cells of the atretic follicle of the closed involutionary type.

PMID- 6583889
TI  - [Indications for retinoids].

PMID- 6583891
TI  - [The machining of dental technical workpieces].

PMID- 6583890
TI  - [Psychological treatment method for the very fearful child before medical or
      dental treatment].

PMID- 6583892
TI  - [Adaptation to dentures].

PMID- 6583894
TI  - [Dental preparation technic].

PMID- 6583893
TI  - [The dentist of the future].

PMID- 6583895
TI  - [Science, practice and industry hand in hand].

PMID- 6583896
TI  - [Filling materials '83].

PMID- 6583897
TI  - [In-vitro studies of the surface structures of various composite filling
      materials].

PMID- 6583898
TI  - [Periodontology in the service of orthodontics].

PMID- 6583899
TI  - [Orthodontics for the general practitioner - possibilities, limits, timing].

PMID- 6583900
TI  - [Comparative studies of the biocompatibility of the oral mucous membrane to
      therapeutic drugs].

PMID- 6583901
TI  - [Dental medical-dental technical professionalism in Switzerland].

PMID- 6583902
TI  - [Caries prevention in Basel].

PMID- 6583903
TI  - [The president as a pioneer in prevention].

PMID- 6583904
TI  - [Keratocysts - their heritability and relation to basal cell nervus syndrome].

PMID- 6583905
TI  - [Clinical significance of caries frequency in childhood].

PMID- 6583906
TI  - [Comparison in vivo and in vitro of the antibacterial action of the antiseptics
      hexetidine and povidone-iodine].

PMID- 6583907
TI  - [Experiences in the preparation of fluoridated milk].

PMID- 6583908
TI  - [What should be taken into consideration in computer purchasing. A critical
      evaluation].

PMID- 6583909
TI  - [Data processing in dental practice. Hardware and software in cross-examination].

PMID- 6583910
TI  - [Automatic data processing in dental practice].

PMID- 6583911
TI  - [Pulpotomy - partial and total pulpectomy in primary teeth].

PMID- 6583912
TI  - [Frequency of profound caries in childhood and adolescence].

PMID- 6583913
TI  - [The dentist of the future].

PMID- 6583914
TI  - [Optical and profilometric studies on polishing and surface properties of
      composites].

PMID- 6583915
TI  - [Results in maxillary and mandibular cyst surgery in 10 years].

PMID- 6583916
TI  - [The splitting of retained teeth. A report on the surgical removal of retained
      canines and premolars].

PMID- 6583917
TI  - [Questionable temperature generation in the application of adhesive agents and
      fissure sealants].

PMID- 6583918
TI  - [The dentist of the future].

PMID- 6583919
TI  - [Effect of the genetic markers Kell(K1), P1, Km(1), Tf(C<B<D), AK and 6-PGD on
      the outcome of paternity cases].
AB  - This statistical analysis of the results of 288 paternity cases is a contribution
      to the discussion of those blood group systems to be selected for the basis of
      paternity expertise in the Federal Republic of Germany. When typing 22 blood
      group systems in 288 one-man cases, we found exclusions in 101 (35.07%) of them.
      In only 83 (44.39%) of the 187 cases with nonexclusions did the resulting EM
      value correspond to the verbal predicate: "paternity practically proved." The
      results of the systems of factors Kell(K1), Tf(C,B,D), AK and 6-PGD had the
      smallest rate of exclusion constellations and only inferior influence on the
      resulting EM values. Replacing them by isoelectric focusing of the systems PGM1,
      Tf, Gc, Pi and PLG (plasminogen) seems to be reasonable. The factors P1 and Km(1)
      proved more favorable for the results of paternity cases.

PMID- 6583920
TI  - Density profile and cholesterol concentration of serum lipoproteins in pigs (Sus
      scrofa domestica) fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. Preliminary results.

PMID- 6583921
TI  - [A dental philatelic exhibit].

PMID- 6583922
TI  - [The tooth, as handled by the artist].

PMID- 6583924
TI  - [A dental philatelic exhibit].

PMID- 6583923
TI  - [Statistics of systematic therapy of marginal periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6583925
TI  - [How can adolescent dental care in Germany become better?].

PMID- 6583926
TI  - [Treatment of marginal periodontopathies].

PMID- 6583927
TI  - [Black tooth necks and tooth discolorations in children. What parents should
      know].

PMID- 6583928
TI  - [Again: why not lease a practice?].

PMID- 6583929
TI  - [Biotechnical preparation system using a surface carver].

PMID- 6583930
TI  - [Preventive dentistry: plaque control in Sweden].

PMID- 6583932
TI  - [Capping under amalgam].

PMID- 6583931
TI  - [Complications after tooth preparation measures].

PMID- 6583934
TI  - [Hindsight: abrasiveness of dentifrices].

PMID- 6583933
TI  - [Leveling the mandible].

PMID- 6583935
TI  - [Homeopathy in dentistry].

PMID- 6583936
TI  - [Why not lease a practice?].

PMID- 6583937
TI  - [Effectiveness of the treatment of 116 deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6583938
TI  - [Hypertension. Overview of the seriously increased risk].

PMID- 6583940
TI  - [Income tax processing on the income of dentists 1983].

PMID- 6583939
TI  - [White sugar also has a good side].

PMID- 6583941
TI  - [Practice financial planning in comparison].

PMID- 6583942
TI  - [Biotechnical preparation system].

PMID- 6583944
TI  - [Standardized methods for orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6583943
TI  - [Specifications for equipment recommendations for professional laboratories using
      orthodontic technics].

PMID- 6583945
TI  - [Development of an exhaust box for dental laboratories].

PMID- 6583946
TI  - [Vocational counselling and vocational guidance for dental technicians and dental
      assistants].

PMID- 6583947
TI  - [Function, formation and construction of an information system].

PMID- 6583948
TI  - [Cooperation in dental work and service].

PMID- 6583949
TI  - [Dental service demands and dental restorative needs in the over 60-year-old
      inhabitants of Rostock with special reference to social factors].

PMID- 6583950
TI  - [Importance, content and function of work orders in dental technical
      laboratories].

PMID- 6583951
TI  - [Terminology for the gingiva and periodontium and also their diseases].

PMID- 6583952
TI  - [Various psychological aspects in the care of denture wearers].

PMID- 6583953
TI  - [The Rostock phantom head as a teaching and learning tool in dentistry].

PMID- 6583954
TI  - [A stamping die for the manufacture of Watkin brackets from band materials].

PMID- 6583955
TI  - [Evaluation of 425 mandibular fractures at the Brandenburg county hospital].

PMID- 6583957
TI  - [The new dental technical work place].

PMID- 6583958
TI  - [Significance, position, destination, content and function of work teams in the
      continuing education system of dental technicians as well as in the methodical
      didactical format of their work].

PMID- 6583956
TI  - [Specifications for equipment recommendations for professional laboratories
      making ceramics].

PMID- 6583959
TI  - [Follow-up studies of removable dentures after insertion for 1 year].

PMID- 6583960
TI  - [Functional regulator as a orthopedic training device in the treatment of
      mandibular retrognathism].

PMID- 6583961
TI  - [Focal infection in dentistry].

PMID- 6583962
TI  - [The application of composites (Evicrol) for the restoration of fractured crowns
      in permanent adolescent teeth using customized hollow dental crown forms].

PMID- 6583964
TI  - [Physicians in the battle for peace].

PMID- 6583963
TI  - [Production of films for teaching purposes using the phototechnical film FU 5].

PMID- 6583965
TI  - The Isaacs Endometrial Cell Sampler. An evaluation in 100 patients with
      postmenopausal bleeding.
AB  - The Curity Isaacs Endometrial Cell Sampler was used to obtain cytologic material
      from 100 consecutive patients presenting with postmenopausal bleeding. It was
      followed by uterine curettage to obtain material for histology. Satisfactory
      endometrial aspiration smears were obtained from 92 patients, whereas curettage
      yielded endometrial tissue in only 48. Of 17 patients with histologic
      confirmation of malignancy, 7 had smears diagnosed as showing malignancy, and 7
      had smears showing hyperplastic changes; 3 of the aspiration smears were judged
      to be unsatisfactory for cytologic evaluation. All the carcinomas were found in
      the hyperplastic, malignant or unsatisfactory smears. This technique is worthy of
      further study.

PMID- 6583966
TI  - Peritoneal washing cytology. Uses and diagnostic criteria in gynecologic
      neoplasms.
AB  - Review of a 20-month experience with 241 peritoneal washes performed on 191
      patients showed that the use of these specimens has expanded greatly. Of the 19
      patients with neoplastic cells in their peritoneal washing cytology specimens, 12
      had primary ovarian neoplasms, 4 had primary uterine cervical neoplasms, 2 had
      primary endometrial neoplasms, and 1 had mammary carcinoma metastatic to the
      ovary. Gynecologic oncologists at this institution are now routinely obtaining
      peritoneal washing cytology specimens whenever there is intraabdominal surgery on
      patients known to have or suspected of having a pelvic neoplasm. The following
      criteria were found to be essential to the accurate evaluation of these
      specimens: (1) cells considered to be malignant should be present both singly and
      in groups and should be malignant by the usual cytologic criteria, (2) the
      patients must have or be known to have had a neoplasm whose cells are similar to
      those in the washing specimen, and (3) the cells considered to be neoplastic must
      be different from and not confused with reactive mesothelial cells. The last
      criterion is important because the peritoneal lavage traumatically removes
      mesothelium, which can appear atypical. These criteria make the cytologic
      interpretation of most peritoneal washing specimens straightforward; interesting
      diagnostic problems occur, however, including the evaluation of neoplasms of
      borderline malignancy, those "spilled" during surgery and second neoplasms found
      by peritoneal washing cytology.

PMID- 6583967
TI  - Exfoliative cytology in the evaluation of interferon treatment of cervical
      intraepithelial neoplasia.
AB  - Local interferon injection in four patients with cervical intraepithelial
      neoplasia (CIN) regularly elicited progressive regression of the lesions. The
      response was observed with exfoliative cytology after each injection, guided by
      colposcopic examination. The cytologic changes showed a cytocidal effect mainly
      on the dyskaryotic cells, preceded by cellular degeneration not unlike that of
      nonspecific inflammation and accompanied by an increase in neutrophil
      infiltration. The cytologic response was closely correlated with partial or
      complete clinical regression based on the absence of viable or degenerated
      dyskaryotic cells in the cervical smears. Three patients showed complete clinical
      regression after treatment. One patient showed recurrent viable dyskaryotic cells
      when the dosage was reduced, and treatment was suspended temporarily although her
      lesion had regressed completely after five injections. Clinical recurrence was
      noted one week after viable dyskaryotic cells reappeared in her smears. These
      observations suggest that cytology may be a useful means of monitoring interferon
      treatment in CIN.

PMID- 6583968
TI  - Cytology of hemangioendothelioma.
AB  - The cytologic appearance is described of hemangioendothelioma in fine needle
      aspiration smears from a young male who presented with recurring bilateral
      lesions within two years. The cytomorphologic pattern was extremely cellular,
      with a monomorphic population of cells, some of which showed a tendency to form
      rosettelike or pseudoacinar formations.

PMID- 6583969
TI  - Needle aspiration cytology of a benign and a malignant schwannoma.
AB  - The histologic and cytologic features of an uncommon solitary, malignant
      schwannoma and a benign schwannoma are presented. The benign tumor revealed
      characteristic interlacing fascicles of spindle-shaped cells on both histology
      and cytology. The malignant schwannoma produced a variable histologic pattern
      that was selectively sampled from a recurrence in a scar; only obviously
      malignant, undifferentiated, spindle-shaped cells not capable of further
      characterization were seen on cytology. Preliminary experience with
      immunoperoxidase staining for the neural crest marker S-100 protein has been
      encouraging and may permit identification of these tumors on aspiration smears.

PMID- 6583970
TI  - Cytopathology of thymoma.
AB  - From 1967 to 1981, 37 cases were diagnosed as thymoma by transthoracic fine
      needle aspiration biopsy. All were verified histologically, with no false
      positive results. The various cytomorphologic patterns of thymoma are presented.
      All aspirates from the thymomas were reviewed and found to be composed of
      epithelial elements, with an admixture of lymphocytes in various proportions.
      There were 13 cases of lymphocytic predominance, 11 of epithelial-cell
      predominance, 4 of spindle-cell predominance, and 9 of mixed cell types. In the
      cytologic preparations the epithelial elements from different tumors exhibited
      different cytologic appearances and were tentatively subclassified into five
      types: small, intermediate, large, large pleomorphic and spindle shaped. The
      cytologic features of thymoma observed in aspiration biopsies are sufficiently
      distinctive from those of other anterior mediastinal tumors to be diagnostic. It
      appears feasible to investigate an anterior mediastinal mass with percutaneous
      fine needle aspiration for the purpose of establishing the diagnosis of thymoma
      prior to median sternotomy or thoracotomy.

PMID- 6583971
TI  - Occurrence of benign glandular tissue in orbital aspirates. Importance of
      recognizing its lacrimal gland origin.
AB  - In the course of performing approximately 100 orbital aspirates, glandular
      epithelial inclusions were seen in three specimens from three patients. These
      inclusions, now recognized as benign and normal structures, initially led to
      false-positive cytologic results in two of the three cases. On the basis of
      reconstructing the clinical events, they appear to have been derived from the
      minor lacrimal glands in two cases and from the major lacrimal glands in the
      third. The potential hazard of regarding these glandular inclusions as indicating
      metastatic neoplasm is emphasized.

PMID- 6583972
TI  - Fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of sarcoid of the head and neck.
AB  - The use of fine needle aspiration biopsy to confirm the clinical diagnosis of six
      cases of sarcoidosis with palpable disease in the head and neck area is reported.
      The procedure was simple and inexpensive, and the interpretation of the smears
      and identification of typical sarcoid granulomas was easy.

PMID- 6583973
TI  - Cytologic and tissue culture characteristics of asbestos-induced mesothelioma in
      rats.
AB  - Mesotheliomas were induced in rats by the intrapleural injection of Western
      Australia crocidolite asbestos. Over a two-year period, 10 of 18 animals in which
      implants were established developed mesotheliomas, for a 56% success rate.
      Histologically, most mesotheliomas were biphasic although predominantly spindle
      celled. Pleural fluid was examined in five of these malignant cases: three had a
      papillary epithelial picture, one had mainly anaplastic cells, and one contained
      predominantly spindle-shaped cells. Three types of cell aggregates occurred:
      classical collagen-containing papillary clusters, spindle-cell aggregates and
      cystlike spheres. These last structures corresponded to microcystic or
      adenomatoid growth present in four mesotheliomas. Two of the effusions were
      cultured successfully; the growth pattern was typically mesothelial, with in
      vitro production of collagen. Ultrastructurally, long, slender microvilli, cell
      junctions and intermediate filaments confirmed the mesothelial nature of these
      asbestos-induced rat malignancies.

PMID- 6583974
TI  - Cytodiagnosis of Hodgkin's disease in sputum specimens.

PMID- 6583975
TI  - Fine needle aspiration cytology in veterinary medicine.

PMID- 6583976
TI  - Nuclear DNA content of atypical glandular cells in the uterine fluid of IUD
      users.

PMID- 6583978
TI  - XXII Scandinavian Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Helsinki, Finland, June
      7-10, 1982. Abstracts.

PMID- 6583977
TI  - Cytology of primary and metastatic uterine sarcomas.
AB  - The cytologic features of primary and metastatic uterine sarcomas, as seen in
      both gynecologic and nongynecologic smears from a series of 58 patients with
      positive cytologic findings, are presented and discussed. Cytologic examination
      plays a role in tumor typing but not in early diagnosis of uterine sarcomas since
      these neoplasms almost exclusively originate submucosally and infrequently shed
      cells prior to attaining considerable size. Cytomorphology of neoplastic cells
      varied greatly according to the type of tumor and ranged from small, uniform
      cells in tight, cohesive clusters to bizarre, pleomorphic spindle-shaped cells
      with long, ill-defined cytoplasmic processes. Distant metastases occurred within
      an average of 7 months after tissue diagnosis, and the average survival time was
      21 months.

PMID- 6583979
TI  - Cerebral haemodynamics in newborn babies studied by electrical impedance.
      Preliminary results.
AB  - We report studies in which the amplitude of the cardiac-synchronous change in
      transcephalic impedance, delta Z, has been used in the investigation of cerebral
      haemodynamics in newborn babies. Three clinical situations, in which cerebral
      blood flow might be expected to change, have been studied. The impedance signal,
      delta Z, decreased in size during a tension pneumothorax, increased slightly with
      feeding, and, during an exchange transfusion of an asphyxiated baby, there was a
      consistent increase in the size of the signal during infusion of blood and a
      decrease in size as blood was withdrawn. This method may be useful for the
      continuous study of cerebral haemodynamics in the preterm baby over prolonged
      periods.

PMID- 6583980
TI  - Cerebral circulation control in healthy full-term neonates.
AB  - A study of the dynamic regulation of cerebral circulation and its metabolic
      regulation in hyperoxia in healthy mature infants has shown that dynamic
      regulation acquires some features that are typical of healthy adults by the
      second day of life. Hyperoxia on the first day after birth does not influence the
      volumetric parameters of cerebral circulation, but on subsequent days it results
      in their noticeable decrease. Thus, in healthy mature infants the development of
      dynamic regulation of cerebral circulation and its metabolic regulation occurs on
      the first day of life.

PMID- 6583981
TI  - Changes in cerebral hemodynamics in preterm infants with and without patent
      ductus arteriosus.
AB  - We compared anterior cerebral pulsatility index (ACPI), anterior cerebral mean
      flow velocity (ACMFV), common carotid pulsatility index (CPI) and common carotid
      mean flow velocity (CMFV) in three groups of preterm infants with birthweights
      less than 1500 grams: 6 without evidence of PDA (group A), 6 with PDA treated
      with fluid restriction, diuretics or digoxin (group B) and 6 with surgical
      ligation of PDA (group C). Infants were assessed in three time periods: the first
      four days of life, five days before surgical ligation and five days post
      ligation. Analyses of variance showed no significant differences in the three
      groups for the four measures in time 1. In time 2, ACPI was 0.61 for group A,
      0.58 for group B, 0.78 for group C (p less than 0.01). ACMFV was 9.22 for group
      A, 7.71 for group B, 6.37 for group C (p less than 0.05). CPI was 0.84 for group
      A, 0.83 for group B, 0.90 for group C (NS); CMFV was 7.80 for group A, 5.63 for
      group B, 4.28 for group C (p less than 0.01). In time 3, significant differences
      (p less than 0.01) were found only for CMFV.

PMID- 6583983
TI  - New concepts in the management of depression--possibilities with a non-sedative
      antidepressant.
AB  - Classification of depression is important, as it may provide a valuable
      indication of which types of treatment are likely to be effective. Most
      traditional classification systems follow a dichotomous approach (e.g. endogenous
      versus exogenous, agitated versus retarded), and consideration of such systems
      has led to increased understanding of depression. Treatment should be tailored to
      individual requirements, taking into account the type of depression and the stage
      at which it is being treated, the patient's personality and idiosyncrasies, and
      the pharmacological profile of the drug. Group trials show many antidepressants
      to be of approximately equivalent efficacy; however, side-effect profiles differ.
      The advent of the second generation antidepressants provides clinicians with non
      sedating drugs, often with fewer anticholinergic side-effects. Thus, improved
      patient compliance and better overall functioning can be expected, as sedation
      often hinders recovery by producing flattening and monotony of affect, and
      blunting of emotional involvement and responsiveness, while cholinergic blockade
      increases confusional states.

PMID- 6583982
TI  - Spinal 5-HT or NA uptake inhibition potentiates supraspinal morphine
      antinociception in rats.
AB  - Spinal injection of the specific uptake inhibitor of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT),
      citalopram, or of noradrenaline (NA), desipramine, potentiated the
      antinociception following intracerebroventricular injection of morphine in rats
      tested on the hot plate. Combined spinal injection of citalopram and desipramine
      caused a synergistic potentiation. The unselective and less potent inhibitor of
      both 5-HT and NA uptake, amitriptyline, did not cause potentiation. The results
      support the suggested involvement of both 5-HT and NA pathways in supraspinal
      morphine antinociception.

PMID- 6583984
TI  - The problems of safety and compliance with conventional antidepressant drugs.
AB  - The incidence of unwanted effects with tricyclic antidepressants usually ranges
      between 15% and 30%. Adverse effects particularly involve the autonomic nervous
      system and the cardiovascular system, and sedation is common. Tricyclics interact
      with many other drugs including antihypertensive agents, monoamine oxidase
      inhibitors (MAOIs), anticholinergic drugs, antihistamines and sedatives
      (especially alcohol). Overdoses of tricyclics are hazardous, producing
      respiratory and cardiac depression, fits and coma. Compliance is poor with
      tricyclic antidepressants, mainly due to the side-effects, particularly sedation
      and dry mouth, and to a failure in doctor-patient communication. The range of
      pharmacological effects, wanted and unwanted, reflects the relative lack of
      selectivity of these drugs: more selective drugs should be advantageous in the
      treatment of depression.

PMID- 6583985
TI  - The use of substituted benzamides in psychiatry. Proceedings of a symposium held
      during the 13th CINP Congress. Jerusalem, June 20-25, 1982.

PMID- 6583986
TI  - Behavioural and biochemical studies with the benzamide sulpiride in rats.
AB  - We have studied the effects of the benzamide, sulpiride, on dopamine transmission
      using a functional approach combining brain dialysis experiments with behavioural
      studies utilising rotational and holeboard models. In the 6-OH-dopamine
      rotational model, both apomorphine and pergolide induced a dose-dependent
      contralateral rotation. However, sulpiride blocks very effectively the pergolide
      responses whilst it inhibits poorly the apomorphine rotation. Further studies
      using the same model suggest different receptor mechanisms distinctly distributed
      in the striata of rats and involving different efferent pathways. A dialysis tube
      was implanted into the left striatum of rats in order to study changes in
      dopamine release after influencing dopamine autoreceptors. Apomorphine produced a
      decrease of dopamine release which was reversed by sulpiride. The dopamine
      autoreceptor regulation of exploratory behaviour has been studied using an
      automatic holeboard device. Apomorphine and pergolide inhibited locomotion in an
      dose-dependent manner. This inhibition was selectively reversed by sulpiride but
      not by cis-flupenthixol. The dialysis provided also another possibility to study
      the functional regulation of DA systems. It has been suggested that sulpiride
      most effectively blocks the dopamine receptors localized presynaptically on
      cortico-striatal glutamate afferent neurons. We have compared the effects of cis
      flupenthixol and sulpiride on glutamate and GABA release as measured by dialysis
      in the striata of rats. We found no clearcut effect after cis-flupenthixol, while
      sulpiride caused a significant change in glutamate release.

PMID- 6583988
TI  - Interictal psychoses of epilepsy.

PMID- 6583987
TI  - Neurotic excoriations. A controlled psychiatric examination.
AB  - The investigation covers 68 patients with the primary form of neurotic
      excoriations (n.ex.) who within a 5 year period, 1974-78 had contact with the
      dermatology department, Odense University Hospital. The diagnosis was ascertained
      clinically - anamnestically, and by various laboratory examinations. The first 25
      typical patients were matched with neurotic control patients (control group) who
      were homogeneous with regard to sex, age, level of intelligence, main personality
      traits (self-esteem, orderliness in a broad sense, hysterical traits), and level
      of invalidity. The primary psychiatric investigation contained a semistructured
      biographic interview lasting about 3 hours. N.ex. patients were on an average 42
      years old at the time of reference to the dermatology department and most
      frequently in their 20s, 30s, and 40s. About 90% were women and only about 1/2
      were married. Occupationally pensioners and workers dominated. Childhood seems on
      many levels to have been more discordant for n.ex. patients than for the control
      patients. Father and steady partners tended to have a lower social status in the
      n.ex. group than in the control group. A predominance of n.ex. patients lacked
      self-confidence (though possibly managed to mask it), were hypersensitive,
      meticulous or perfectionistic, suffered from sexual dysfunction. They were more
      reserved in contact situations than patients in the control group and often
      revealed no manifest need of psychiatric treatment. Significantly more in the
      n.ex. group than in the control group had a high level of energy and activity.
      There was a dominant tendency to depressive/dysphoric moods in the n.ex. group.
      Management of aggression was seldom without problems in both the n.ex. group and
      in the control group but aggressive explosions occurred with significantly
      greater frequency in the n.ex. group. A number of the patients in the n.ex. group
      described how their spouse's phlegmatism could violently irritate them. The same
      frequency for suicidal behaviour was found for both groups. The onset of the skin
      disease occurred at the average age of 30 years approximately; for 40% the
      outbreak could be described as "fresh" on approach to the dermatology department.
      Distressing factors preceding onset or recidivation after healing that were of
      significance for the patient were registered for about 90%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      400 WORDS)

PMID- 6583989
TI  - The Frederiksdal hypertension meeting 1982. Report from the 11th Nordic
      hypertension meeting, Fredriksdal, Denmark, May 13-15, 1982.

PMID- 6583990
TI  - Changes in sympathetic activity, heart rate and renal function during mental
      stress in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

PMID- 6583991
TI  - Renin activity and aldosterone in 72 hypertensive patients before and after
      surgery for renal artery stenosis.

PMID- 6583992
TI  - Psychosocial factors in borderline hypertension.

PMID- 6583993
TI  - Is the antihypertensive function of the kidney, elicited by renomedullary
      depressor substances, partly conveyed via the central nervous system?

PMID- 6583994
TI  - Immunological and endocrine features of a new experimental hypertension model:
      Heymann nephritis-DOCA-NaCl hypertension.

PMID- 6583995
TI  - Mechanisms of the inhibitory cardiovascular effects of taurine and homotaurine.

PMID- 6583996
TI  - Effects of antihypertensive drugs on the cerebral circulation.

PMID- 6583997
TI  - New potent antihypertensive agents, or H3088 and or N0676.

PMID- 6583998
TI  - Catecholamines and essential hypertension.

PMID- 6583999
TI  - An unusual young male with exercise induced, severe hypertensive spikes. What's
      the diagnosis?

PMID- 6584000
TI  - Increased peripheral catecholamine release in patients with long-standing,
      untreated essential hypertension.
AB  - Both arterial and venous plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations were
      elevated in 20 middle-aged men with long-standing, untreated essential
      hypertension compared to 19 normotensive control men (p less than 0.01). The mean
      a-v (arterial-venous) difference of adrenaline and v-a difference of
      noradrenaline were increased in the hypertensive (p less than 0.05) consistent
      with raised adrenal adrenaline release and release of noradrenaline from the
      peripheral vascular beds of the forearm.

PMID- 6584001
TI  - Urinary kallikrein, aldosterone, prostaglandin E2, sodium, potassium, and urinary
      volume in normal man-interrelations and day to day variation.

PMID- 6584002
TI  - Effects of vasopressin and angiotensin II on vascular pressures in conscious
      dogs.

PMID- 6584003
TI  - A role of glandular kallikreins in blood pressure regulation.

PMID- 6584004
TI  - Bradykinin in blood and plasma: facts and fallacies.

PMID- 6584005
TI  - Raised intracellular sodium does not cause myogenic contraction of resting rat
      150-microns mesenteric resistance vessels.

PMID- 6584006
TI  - A high molecular weight form of angiotensin I is generated in rat serum incubated
      with synthetic and native angiotensin I.
AB  - A high molecular weight form of angiotensin I, 'big angiotensin I' with m.w.
      25000 was generated in rat serum incubated with angiotensin I (m.w. 1296).
      Angiotensin I and 'big angiotensin I' were separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and extracted from the gels. Only
      sera with high concentrations of angiotensin I (2000-4300 ng per ml) incubated at
      neutral pH at 24 degrees C for several hours, contained 'big angiotensin I'. 'Big
      angiotensin I' was stable in sera, where angiotensin I was rapidly degraded. The
      proportion of 'big angiotensin I' to angiotensin I in sera, where angiotensin I
      was stable, was approx. 5%. In addition to 'big angiotensin I', which was
      generated during the incubations, a serum protein with m.w. 60000 was extracted
      from the SDS-PAGE. This protein had angiotensin I-like activity in the
      radioimmunoassay, and it was isolated from the unincubated sera in concentrations
      at the detection limit of the radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 6584007
TI  - Effects of subpressor doses of angiotensin II on renal haemodynamics at different
      blood-pressure levels.

PMID- 6584008
TI  - Cerebral blood flow, hypertension and antihypertensive treatment. Proceedings of
      the sixth scientific meeting of the Danish Society of Hypertension. Copenhagen,
      April 2, 1982.

PMID- 6584009
TI  - The blood-brain barrier and cerebral blood flow in acute hypertension.

PMID- 6584010
TI  - Cerebral blood flow in hypertension.

PMID- 6584011
TI  - Should induced hypertension or hypotension ever be used in the treatment of
      stroke?

PMID- 6584012
TI  - Hypotension induced changes in cerebral microflow and EEG and their
      pharmacological alterations.

PMID- 6584013
TI  - The effect of chronic hypertension and antihypertensive drugs on the cerebral
      circulation.

PMID- 6584014
TI  - Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in patients with malignant hypertension and
      hypertensive encephalopathy.

PMID- 6584015
TI  - Cerebrovascular effects of dihydralazine in hypertensive and normotensive rats.

PMID- 6584017
TI  - Cerebral blood flow and metabolism in acute controlled hypotension: implications
      for hypotensive anaesthesia.

PMID- 6584018
TI  - [The dimensions of permanent molars in the population of Zagreb].

PMID- 6584016
TI  - Effect of dihydralazine on intracranial pressure in patients with severe brain
      damage.

PMID- 6584019
TI  - [Reactivity of the connective tissue to pulp capping materials].

PMID- 6584020
TI  - [Experimental studies of tetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) for dental implants].

PMID- 6584021
TI  - [Clinical and cytological studies of oral cavity changes].

PMID- 6584022
TI  - [Functional instrument analysis using the Lauritzen and Slavicek-Mack method].

PMID- 6584023
TI  - [Electrosurgical methods in periodontology].

PMID- 6584024
TI  - Hereditary gingival fibromatosis with hemophilia B.

PMID- 6584025
TI  - [Aplasia of M3 and space conditions in the appropriate quadrant].

PMID- 6584027
TI  - The prevalence of hand-mirror cells in acute myeloblastic and lymphoblastic
      leukemia.
AB  - To evaluate the prevalence and significance of hand-mirror cells (HMC) in acute
      leukemia, 214 cases were studied retrospectively. They were classified by FAB and
      included 102 pediatric and 112 adult cases. Greater than 10% HMC were found in
      6.5%. No overall difference was noted with age group, though HMC were more common
      in lymphoblastic cases (10% versus 3%). However, the greatest number of HMC were
      found in four adult cases, three of which were myeloblastic. Of the lymphoblastic
      cases with greater than 10% HMC, T and B studies were done in three that were
      typed as one T cell and two non-T cell (L1, CALL+; L3, sIg+). Forty-eight other
      cases with less than 10% HMC included 13 T cell and 35 non-T cell. The authors
      conclude that HMC may not correlate with morphologic or immune cell type and they
      do not appear to be a specific marker for a type of lymphoblastic and/or T-cell
      leukemia.

PMID- 6584026
TI  - Cardiac involvement in glycogen storage disease III: morphologic and biochemical
      characterization with endomyocardial biopsy.

PMID- 6584028
TI  - The effect of vaginal prostaglandin E2 pessaries on induction of labor.
AB  - In a prospective randomized study, patients with a valid obstetric indication for
      induction of labor received either 3 mg prostaglandin E2 vaginal pessaries
      immediately prior to oxytocin (prostaglandin group, n = 99), or oxytocin alone
      (oxytocin group, n = 103). At the conclusion of the second day of induction, a
      significant reduction was noted in the incidence of failed induction in the
      prostaglandin group (4%) as compared to the oxytocin group (13%) (p less than
      0.05). Twenty percent of patients in the prostaglandin group experienced
      successful induction with prostaglandin pessaries only. When oxytocin was
      required in the prostaglandin group, the maximal concentration of oxytocin
      infused and the duration at this concentration were significantly less than in
      the oxytocin group. No perinatal complications were attributed to the use of
      prostaglandin. Three minor maternal complications that were attributed to vaginal
      prostaglandin E2 did not require treatment. Our conclusion is that patients who
      require an induction of labor, when artificial rupture of the membranes is not
      feasible, benefit from the use of prostaglandin pessaries before the
      administration of oxytocin.

PMID- 6584029
TI  - The effects of adrenergic and cholinergic agents on progesterone production by
      human corpus luteum in vitro.
AB  - We investigated the effects of adrenergic and cholinergic agents on human corpus
      luteum production of progesterone in vitro. Luteinizing hormone (LH) (50 ng/ml),
      dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (Bu2cAMP) (10(-3)M), and prostaglandin
      E2 (PGE2) (1 microgram/ml) significantly stimulated the production of
      progesterone in short-term (4-hour) cell suspensions of five early and middle
      luteal phase corpora lutea. The adrenergic agents isoproterenol, norepinephrine,
      and epinephrine, and the cholinergic agents acetylcholine and carbachol at
      concentrations up to 10(-4)M did not alter basal or stimulated production of
      progesterone. Similarly, in long-term (10-day) monolayer cultures of cells from
      four corpora lutea, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (50 ng/ml) and PGE2
      stimulated, but none of the adrenergic or cholinergic agents altered, the
      production of progesterone significantly, except for an inhibitory effect of
      norepinephrine and carbachol in the presence of 17 beta-estradiol (10(-7)M) added
      to the culture medium. These results differ strikingly from the consistent
      stimulatory effect of beta-adrenergic agents on the luteal production of
      progesterone in several animal species.

PMID- 6584030
TI  - Mandibular function and dysfunction in patients with mandibular prognathism.
AB  - There are indications that in patients with mandibular prognathism there is a
      great risk of mandibular dysfunction symptoms. The present study was undertaken
      to verify this and to investigate whether surgical correction of the sagittal
      discrepancy would improve the functional abilities. The material comprised a
      group of 28 untreated patients with mandibular protrusion and another group of 44
      patients who were operated on 10 years ago. The functional status and subjective
      symptoms were recorded according to the principles introduced by Helkimo. The
      results indicate a great reduction of the subjective symptoms in the treated
      group, and even the objective evaluation shows a reduction of the dysfunctional
      symptoms in the treated persons, particularly in relation to the movement
      capacity of the mandible. The number of occluding teeth was significantly greater
      in the treated persons, and the number of occlusal interferences was smaller.
      Thus, it seems that a repositioning of the mandible to a correct sagittal
      position will improve function. A normal anatomic foundation may therefore be an
      important factor in securing normal mandibular function.

PMID- 6584031
TI  - The influence of the trigeminal nerve on facial growth and development.
AB  - For the past twenty years it has been argued that the growth of the face is
      governed by the growth of a variety of contiguous soft tissues and functioning
      spaces (functional matrices). Recently, extensive data have been marshalled to
      suggest that the growth of the functional matrices is controlled by "trophic"
      influences from nerves. Accordingly, the present study sought to evaluate the
      role of the trigeminal nerve in the regulation of facial growth by placing
      unilateral stereotaxic lesions in the trigeminal nerve (root, ganglion, or major
      sensory branch) of the 10- to 20-day-old rat. The unoperated side and a number of
      sham animals served as controls. In all, 323 operations were performed, with 119
      animals surviving until the age of 50 days. The location and extent of the
      lesions were controlled histologically. Cephalometric analysis revealed subtle
      but statistically significant distortions of the facial skeleton; however, the
      magnitude of the effect was quite small. Thus, although a modest case can be made
      for the contention that the trigeminal nerve exerts a trophic influence on the
      craniofacial complex, the conclusion that trophic effects constitute a major
      factor in the regulation of craniofacial growth cannot be supported.

PMID- 6584032
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment planning of skeletal asymmetry with the submental
      vertical radiograph.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of landmarks visible
      in the submental-vertical radiographic projection. Ten subjects with at least a 2
      mm apical base discrepancy as diagnosed by means of a posteroanterior headfilm
      were selected. Mean tracing and measurement error was found to be less than 1 mm
      for all landmarks. A system of patient orientation and radiographic technique is
      presented. The radiographs were made at 90 kVp, 15 mA, 1 second exposure, using
      Kodak Lanex X-D film with a speed of 600. A system of cephalometric analysis is
      presented for the assessment of skeletal asymmetry in the horizontal plane. This
      system of analysis uses landmarks within the cranial base, maxilla, and mandible
      to construct reference lines with which to assess asymmetry. These reference
      systems allow the assessment of asymmetry within each component part of the
      craniofacial complex as well as the relative relationship of these parts to one
      another. Examples are presented to demonstrate the use of this system in
      assessing skeletal asymmetry. These examples show how this system of analysis can
      be incorporated into the data base for a particular patient and how it can be
      useful in making treatment decisions for patients with skeletal asymmetries. This
      method lends itself to future incorporation into a three-dimensional computerized
      cephalometric analysis.

PMID- 6584033
TI  - Changes in facial dimensions and relationships between the ages of 5 and 25
      years.
AB  - The purpose of this study is to quantify the changes in facial dimensions and
      relationship as well as in standing height which occur between the age of 5 years
      and adulthood. The total change between the ages of 5 and 25.5 years was
      arbitrarily divided into three periods of growth: from 5 years to 10 years of age
      (GP I), from 10 to 15 years of age (GP II), and from 15 to 25.5 years of age (GP
      III). The subjects included twenty males and fifteen females for whom complete
      sets of data were available for the period of this study. All subjects had
      clinically acceptable occlusion and had undergone no previous orthodontic
      treatment. Descriptive statistics summarized the changes in standing height and
      the facial parameters for males and females at 5, 10, 15, and 25.5 years of age.
      The analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple-range test were used for posterior
      tests of significance in the comparisons between the three periods of growth for
      each of the parameters and for both males and females. The findings in this
      investigation indicated that (1) the timing and magnitude of change in the
      various facial parameters differ during the same growth period as well as between
      males and females; (2) in general, most of the changes in the various parameters
      in females occurred in GP I and GP II, whereas in males the changes were
      relatively distributed over the three periods of growth; (3) changes in GP III
      for some parameters were of clinically significant magnitude (for example, in
      females the ratio of anterior face heights decreased significantly in GP III
      whereas in males a significant increase occurred in Ar-Pog, SNB, and SNPog, while
      the maxillary and mandibular relationship, the ratio of anterior to posterior
      face heights, MP-SN angle, and the convexity of the soft-tissue profile continued
      to decrease significantly during GP III); (4) during GP III, with the exception
      of standing height and mandibular depth, there were no significant differences in
      the magnitude of change between 15 and 17 years of age and the change after 17
      years of age; and (5) the data provided by this investigation are useful in
      describing mean trends, but not in predicting changes occurring in both the size
      and/or relationship of some facial parameters after 15 years of age; the
      magnitude of these late changes, at least in certain persons, could either
      beneficially or adversely influence the orthodontic and/or surgical treatment
      results.

PMID- 6584034
TI  - A comparison of attitudes toward orthodontic treatment in British and American
      communities.
AB  - Utilization of orthodontic services may be influenced as much by the social and
      cultural setting as by objective criteria. The public's assessment of dental
      irregularity and its perceptions of the psychosocial implications of malocclusion
      may be critical factors in the utilization of available services. To test these
      assumptions, two communities with historic differences in the availability and
      utilization of orthodontic services were selected as survey sites (Lexington,
      Kentucky, and Cardiff, Wales). Three-hundred eighty-five sixth grade children (11
      to 12 years of age) and 123 of their parents were interviewed concerning dental
      esthetics, treatment need, and knowledge about, attitudes toward, and value
      placed on orthodontic treatment. Although the Lexington respondents had greater
      personal and indirect knowledge about such services, they did not have more
      positive perceptions about treatment; nor did they value straight teeth more
      highly. There were no significant differences between the groups' judgement of
      dental esthetics or assessment of treatment need. The differences in utilization
      of services in the two communities could not be explained in terms of differences
      in attitude toward malocclusion and orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 6584035
TI  - Tooth transplantation with the periodontium intact: a histometric analysis.
AB  - A method was devised, from a pilot study, for transplanting a root-treated tooth
      with an intact periodontium into a newly prepared socket to assess whether the
      prognosis for transplantation procedures could be improved. Five male vervet
      monkeys were used for the definitive study. The mandibular central incisors were
      extracted from each monkey and the sockets were allowed to heal for 5 weeks.
      Thereafter a window of gingiva overlying each of these healed receptor sites was
      removed and the sockets were prepared with tapered burs. The distal root of the
      mandibular second molar was used as the transplant tooth and the distal root of
      the first molar as the control tooth. The transplant tooth was removed, together
      with surrounding alveolar bone which was then trimmed to a thickness of
      approximately 1 mm. The control tooth was extracted with root forceps. After
      transplantation, the teeth were splinted to the adjacent incisors for 3 weeks.
      After 8 weeks the healing process was examined histologically, both qualitatively
      and quantitatively. Replacement resorption (ankylosis) was not observed.
      Student's t test for paired samples revealed that the incidence of secondary
      cementum formation was significantly greater on the control teeth. The
      minimization of trauma may be the reason ankylosis did not occur.

PMID- 6584036
TI  - Integrity versus deception.

PMID- 6584037
TI  - Group therapy for bulimic adults.
AB  - Eating disorders are increasingly coming to the attention of mental health
      practitioners, and effective treatment approaches are a matter of growing
      concern. This paper describes the structure, process, and outcome of a group
      therapy project involving eight bulimic women.

PMID- 6584038
TI  - A theory for phase locking of respiration in cats to a mechanical ventilator.
AB  - A mathematical model describing the Hering-Breuer reflexes in mechanically
      ventilated cats is developed. There is good agreement between the properties of
      the model and experimental studies performed over a wide range of frequencies and
      volumes of the mechanical ventilator. There is a correspondence between the model
      and a periodically forced nonlinear oscillator, similar to the van der Pol
      equation. Brain stem mechanisms underlying the entrainment are discussed.

PMID- 6584039
TI  - Trazodone-induced delirium in bulimic patients.
AB  - Three bulimic patients with major depressive episodes developed delirium after
      trazodone administration. These cases raise a question about the susceptibility
      of bulimic patients to developing delirium when treated with trazodone.

PMID- 6584040
TI  - Persistent social maladjustment in bulimia: a 1-year follow-up.
AB  - A clinical sample of 40 bulimic women demonstrated more social maladjustment than
      did normal women, alcoholic women, and schizophrenic women on the social
      adjustment scale both at the time of evaluation and at 1-year follow-up.

PMID- 6584041
TI  - Effect of pregnancy plasma and monoclonal antibodies to HLA and DR antigens on
      leukocyte migration.
AB  - We studied the effect of pregnancy plasma and monoclonal antibodies to the
      histocompatibility antigens HLA and DR on migration of normal leukocytes from
      capillaries. It was observed that plasma from women in the first trimester of
      pregnancy significantly enhanced leukocyte migration at a concentration of 10%
      (mean area of migration = 50.7 +/- 9.2 cm2), as compared with plasma from
      nonpregnant women (22.8 +/- 7.0 cm2; p less than 0.05). This effect was less
      during the second trimester (39.5 +/- 3.5 cm2; p less than 0.05) and no
      enhancement was noted with plasma obtained from the third trimester of pregnancy.
      Similar results were obtained with a 20% concentration of plasma also. On the
      other hand, the monoclonal anti-HLA and anti-DR antibodies had an inhibitory
      effect on migration of leukocytes. These results are discussed in relation to the
      immunoregulatory role of pregnancy plasma in the nonrejection of the fetal
      allograft.

PMID- 6584042
TI  - High-grade surface osteosarcomas.
AB  - Nine patients (seven males and two females) had high-grade, ordinary-type
      osteosarcomas that were juxtacortically located. The ages of these patients
      ranged from 9 to 62 years at the time of diagnosis. The roentgenographic
      appearance of these tumors occasionally is similar to that of periosteal
      osteosarcomas. Histologically, these tumors were indistinguishable from ordinary
      high-grade intramedullary osteosarcomas. None of the nine tumors had histologic
      features of parosteal or periosteal osteosarcomas. All nine patients were treated
      by ablative surgery. Seven patients died of tumor. Because of its poorer
      prognosis, this tumor should be differentiated from other juxtacortical
      osteosarcomas.

PMID- 6584043
TI  - [Changes in the amount of blood in the uterus of pregnant rats following the use
      of prostaglandin E2 (II)].

PMID- 6584044
TI  - [Use of prostaglandin E2 in labor induction and stimulation].

PMID- 6584045
TI  - Phenotypic change of acute monocytic leukemia to acute lymphoblastic leukemia on
      therapy.
AB  - Acute nonlymphocytic leukemias comprise most of the therapy-linked leukemias in
      cancer patients. We report here the unusual occurrence of acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia in a patient while on therapy for acute monocytic leukemia. The
      morphologic and histochemical studies were distinctly different between the
      initial presentation and the subsequent "relapse". At "relapse," the Philadelphia
      chromosome was not present, ruling out chronic myelogenous leukemia presenting in
      two morphologically different blastic phases. Cytogenetic and histochemical
      studies both at original presentation and at the time of relapse would be helpful
      in establishing the occurrence of a new leukemia.

PMID- 6584046
TI  - Parotid gland carcinoma following treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6584047
TI  - [A model for standardized treatment and therapeutic evaluation of severe ARDS.
      PIF and AaDO2 quotient with a demand-adapting respirator and a conventional
      respirator during ARDS].
AB  - In order to achieve a uniform, easy to teach and to manage respiratory management
      in severe adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) a combined treatment--called
      "step by step scheme"--was settled. It was aimed towards a regulation of the
      arterial blood oxygen tension at levels between 90 and 130 mmHg and this was
      achieved by combination of PEEP and IRV in order to minimize the inspiratory
      fraction of oxygen. Nine patients underwent this schedule and Benzer's AaDO2
      quotient as an estimation of lung function as well as PIF (PEEP X I:E X FiO2) as
      quantifying parameter for the "strength" of the respirator are calculated. AaDO2
      Quotient showed no statistically significant differences but PIF performed a
      clearly marked day of maximum respiratory support during the clinical course.
      This seems to be a confirmation that a variable defined by therapeutic procedures
      may also be an estimation of a certain degree of sickness as a pure diagnostic
      parameter. In plotting AaDO2 quotient versus PIF characteristically formed loops
      result. These loops give some evidence about the interactions between improving
      or worsening ARDS and properly adjusted therapeutic efforts by means of a
      respirator. The diagram may be also helpful in deciding conventional respirator
      settings or weaning procedures and show marks, where one might consider to treat
      by new techniques like High Frequency Ventilation, extracorporeal devices or
      arteriovenous hemofiltration.

PMID- 6584048
TI  - Bioluminescent assay of femtomole levels of estrone and estradiol.
AB  - A rapid and very sensitive enzymatic assay of estrogens was developed using the
      transhydrogenase reaction of the human estradiol-17 beta dehydrogenase and
      bioluminescence for the quantification of NADH accumulated during the first
      reaction. The assay requires two steps: first, the addition of transhydrogenase
      buffer, and a few minutes later the addition of the bioluminescence reagent. The
      method can determine 0.1 to 50 pg of estrogens in the assay, in 1 h, with a
      coefficient of variation of 5%.

PMID- 6584049
TI  - Psychological aspects of dentofacial esthetics and orthognathic surgery.
AB  - The literature and the results of the survey clearly confirm that physical
      attractiveness plays a major role in the social life and interaction among
      individuals. Cosmetic improvement is a powerful motivating factor leading people
      to seek treatment. Those who believe that the rewards of facial improvement will
      enable them to lead more satisfying and comfortable lives should be encouraged to
      proceed with the treatment. However, it is absolutely essential that those
      contemplating treatment be counseled before-hand and fully informed on the
      prognosis, risks and hazards, advantages and disadvantages of such procedures
      before embarking on treatment.

PMID- 6584050
TI  - Imaging characteristics of new screen/film systems for cephalometric radiography.

PMID- 6584051
TI  - Dental and skeletal variation within the range of normal.
AB  - The cephalometric radiographs of 79 patients with untreated ideal occlusions were
      evaluated. The means, standard deviations, modes and ranges for 10 of the most
      popular cephalometric measurements were recorded. While the means for many of the
      measurements are close to those reported by previous studies, the ranges vary
      widely. Correlation coefficients were used to identify and evaluate dental and
      skeletal adaptations associated with these variations. These closely resemble
      those proposed by Steiner, although showing a somewhat greater degree of
      variation. While profile evaluation was not a basis for inclusion in this study,
      a subjective evaluation revealed no patient having extremely poor or unattractive
      profiles. While it appears reasonable to use mean relationships as an initial
      goal of treatment in the growing patient, an understanding of limitations,
      natural adaptation and normal variation should provide additional help in
      diagnosing and treatment planning. This can be especially important in adult
      patients. Ranges recorded for individual skeletal relationships can also provide
      a rough guide in helping the clinician differentiate between those patients who
      can be treated orthodontically and those who might need supplementary surgical
      correction for skeletal deformities. As in any system of diagnosis, the
      information provided in this study must be adapted and modified on the basis of
      individual patient needs as it is integrated into a comprehensive diagnosis.

PMID- 6584052
TI  - Growth in width following pharyngeal flap surgery.
AB  - The data reported in this investigation can be summarized in the following
      statements: Pharyngeal flap surgery in this sample of 17 cleft patients did not
      appear to produce or be related to any dramatic alterations in growth in width of
      the jaws or dental arches following the surgery. The only significant finding was
      related to an increase in basal maxillary width following flap surgery, a result
      opposite that described as typical of nasorespiratory obstruction. In general,
      the more interesting and significant relationships found between pharyngeal flap
      surgery and dentofacial growth in studies in the vertical and sagittal planes
      were not found in this evaluation of growth in width. Nasal cavity width changes
      with growth could not be related to the flap, but point out the possible
      usefulness of evaluating data such as these grouped according to cleft type.

PMID- 6584053
TI  - Experimental tooth ankylosis in the monkey.
AB  - In this small study, radiographs and study casts were made of three Cynamoglus
      monkeys with deciduous dentitions. Roots were traumatized with a chrome-steel
      crown in hyperocclusion, and by exposing root surfaces surgically and
      traumatizing with a rotating bur or chemical irritants. Histologic studies
      revealed scalloping resorption of cementum but no evidence of ankylosis. However,
      when a maxillary deciduous incisor was luxated by forceps, block sections taken
      four weeks after the injury revealed areas of bone in close apposition to
      cementum. This last type of injury would seem to be one mechanism for producing
      dental ankylosis in the monkey.

PMID- 6584054
TI  - Validation of radioimmunoassays to measure prostaglandins F2 alpha and E2 in
      canine endometrium and plasma.
AB  - Equilibrium, double-antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) procedures were validated to
      measure concentrations of prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha, and E2 in canine plasma
      and endometrium. The procedure for measuring PGF2 alpha or PGE2 used [125I]PGF2
      alpha or [3H]PGE2, respectively, as radiolabeled antigens. Specificity was
      demonstrated by determining the relative potency of selected PG. Relative
      potencies were calculated by dividing the mass of PGF2 alpha or PGE2 producing
      50% inhibition of maximum bound tubes (Bo) by the quantity of test PG producing
      50% inhibition in the same assay. Only PGF1 alpha and PGE1 had relative potencies
      of greater than 1.0% in the PGF2 alpha and PGE2 RIA, respectively. To assess the
      accuracy of the 2 assay systems, known amounts of authentic hormone were added to
      plasma, tissue, or 0.05M phosphate-buffered saline solution containing 0.1%
      gelatin (gel-PBSS). When increasing amounts of PGF2 alpha or PGE2 were added to
      plasma, tissue, or gel-PBSS, concentrations of PG assayed from extracted or
      extracted plus chromatographed samples were similar. Additionally, PGF1 alpha or
      PGE1 was not detected in canine plasma or tissue; therefore, extraction was the
      only purification needed before analysis of PGF2 alpha or PGE2. The intra-assay
      precision of 10 assay replicates for a low (70% Bo) and high (27% Bo) sample was
      16.0% and 6.7% (coefficient of variation), respectively, for the PGF2 alpha
      assay. The intra-assay precision of 3 assay replicates for a low (80% Bo) and
      high (32% Bo) sample was 7.6% and 4.4%, respectively, for the PGE2
      assay.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6584055
TI  - Life threatening hypoventilation in kyphoscoliosis: successful treatment with a
      molded body brace-ventilator.
AB  - We report sustained successful treatment of end-stage hypoventilation in a 37-yr
      old patient with kyphoscoliosis caused by childhood poliomyelitis. The patient
      presented with progressive ventilatory failure, pure restrictive lung function,
      and no concurrent illness. He first responded to respiratory stimulation with
      medroxyprogesterone acetate and aminophylline. Because of skeletal deformity and
      the need for a chronic brace he was then fitted with a customized polyethylene
      foam body brace with an anterior free space and connecting hole for a Monaghan
      ventilator. No longer taking any medication, and with only nocturnal assisted
      ventilation, he now has normal daytime arterial blood gas values 20 months later.
      This approach may be useful in other patients with severe kyphoscoliosis.

PMID- 6584056
TI  - Expression of Ia-like (DR) antigen on human alveolar macrophages isolated by
      bronchoalveolar lavage.
AB  - Alveolar macrophages isolated by bronchoalveolar lavage from nonsmoking patients
      with sarcoidosis, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (DIF), and normal volunteers
      were examined for surface expression of Ia-like (DR) antigen using a monoclonal
      antibody technique. We found increased percentages of alveolar macrophages
      expressing DR antigen in the 8 patients with sarcoidosis (77 +/- 3%) and the 7
      patients with DIF (78 +/- 3%) over that in the 9 healthy, nonsmoking volunteers
      (21 +/- 5%, p less than 0.05). Four patients, 2 with DIF and 2 with sarcoidosis,
      were studied before and 3 months after initiation of therapy. A decrease in DR
      antigen expression was found to be associated with clinical improvement. Alveolar
      macrophages from 3 patients were studied serially in culture, with a steady
      decrease in DR antigen expression with time. We conclude (1) that alveolar
      macrophages from patients with sarcoidosis and DIF are in a state of heightened
      activity, and (2) that DR antigen expression may be an indicator of disease
      activity.

PMID- 6584058
TI  - Biochemical engineering III.

PMID- 6584057
TI  - [Chromosome 11 abnormality in a case of acute monocytic leukemia (M5b)].
AB  - The authors report the case of a 25 year old man with a differentiated (M5 b)
      acute monocytic leukaemia resistant to polychemotherapy. The patient died four
      months after the onset of the disease. Cytogenic studies showed thickening of the
      long arm of chromosome 11, an abnormality considered until now to be specific for
      poorly differentiated (M5 a) acute monocytic leukaemias.

PMID- 6584060
TI  - Primary metabolite or microbial protein from cellulose: conditions, kinetics, and
      modeling of the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation to citric acid.

PMID- 6584059
TI  - The influence of dilution rate, temperature, and influent substrate concentration
      on the efficiency of steady-state biomass production in continuous microbial
      culture.
AB  - The efficiency of steady-state biomass production was defined as the ratio of the
      biomass produced at steady state to the biomass that would be produced if
      influent substrate were completely and permanently incorporated. The scope of
      analysis was confined to microbial growth processes described by a Monod reaction
      mechanism. A thermo-kinetic analysis of this mechanism with coefficient values
      estimated from experimental data showed: (table; see text) (1) As the dilution
      rate was increased, the efficiency passed through a single peak. Raising the
      temperature did not markedly change the peak efficiency, but did broaden and
      shift the peak toward higher dilution rates. In contrast, elevating the influent
      substrate concentration significantly improved the peak efficiency while still
      broadening and shifting the peak toward higher dilution rates. (2) As the
      temperature was raised, the efficiency also showed a single peak. Increasing the
      dilution rate did not significantly alter the peak value or breadth, but did
      shift the peak to higher temperatures. In contrast, elevating the influent
      substrate concentration substantially improved the peak efficiency and caused the
      peak to shift toward lower temperatures without broadening. (3) As the influent
      substrate concentration was elevated, the peak efficiency improved and
      asymptotically approached unity. These results suggested that relatively high
      influent substrate concentrations, low temperatures, and moderate dilution rates
      would be needed to optimize the efficiency of steady-state biomass production by
      Monod processes with coefficient values similar to those used in this paper.

PMID- 6584061
TI  - Ultrafiltration processes in biotechnology.
AB  - The uses of ultrafiltration membranes have been reviewed for a variety of
      processes used in the emerging field of biotechnology. These uses range from
      concentration and harvesting of cells to product isolation to production by
      continuous fermentation and cell culture. As biotechnology expands into
      production use, the importance of ultrafiltration will continue to grow in the
      years to come.

PMID- 6584062
TI  - Reactor design for protein precipitation and its effect on centrifugal
      separation.

PMID- 6584063
TI  - Electric membrane processes for protein recovery.

PMID- 6584064
TI  - Nylon tubing as an affinity matrix in the purification of acetylcholine receptors
      and immunosorption studies.

PMID- 6584065
TI  - Metal-chelate affinity chromatography as a separation tool.

PMID- 6584066
TI  - Integrating biochemical separation and purification steps in fermentation
      processes.

PMID- 6584067
TI  - Scale-up of chick cell growth on microcarriers in fermenters for vaccine
      production.

PMID- 6584068
TI  - Large-scale production of mammalian cells and their products: engineering
      principles and barriers to scale-up.
AB  - Mammalian cell products have great medical and clinical importance, but to date,
      production methods employed to manufacture these products on a large scale are
      not as cost efficient as they could be. The implementation of process control
      would greatly improve the productivity of these products. Recently developed
      methods to produce cells on a large scale, such as microcarriers, artificial
      capillaries, tubular spiral film, and microencapsulation must be optimized, and
      the problem of oxygen transfer limitation must be solved. The accumulation of
      potentially toxic waste products can inhibit growth and reduce productivity. This
      effect can be reduced by either adjusting the environmental parameters of a fed
      batch culture, so that the cell's metabolism is shifted away from producing these
      compounds, or by continually perfusing medium through the culture. If these
      technical barriers can be overcome, the cost of producing products derived from
      mammalian cells can be greatly reduced.

PMID- 6584069
TI  - New microcarriers for culturing mammalian cells.

PMID- 6584070
TI  - Transition from acid fermentation to solvent fermentation in a continuous
      dilution culture of Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum.

PMID- 6584071
TI  - Biocatalysis in water-immiscible organic solvents: the use of immobilized living
      microorganisms.

PMID- 6584072
TI  - Syntheses of optically active amino acids by the combination of chemical methods
      and microbial techniques.
AB  - The newly developed processes combining the advantages of chemical methods and
      microbial techniques brought about optically active amino acids (D- or L-) from
      racemic compounds. In all cases, the other isomer of substrates (L- or D-) that
      cannot be catalyzed by hydrolyzing enzymes were easily racemized under reaction
      conditions. Then, optically active amino acids were produced quantitatively from
      the racemic compounds.

PMID- 6584073
TI  - Gel entrapment of enzymes in cross-linked prepolymerized polyacrylamide
      hydrazide.

PMID- 6584074
TI  - Transformation of Bacillus stearothermophilus with plasmid DNA and its
      application to molecular cloning.

PMID- 6584075
TI  - Metabolism and intracellular distribution of a fluorescent analogue of
      phosphatidic acid in cultured fibroblasts.
AB  - We have shown that a fluorescent compound, C6-NBD-PA, behaves as an analogue for
      phosphatidic acid, an important intermediate in glycerolipid biosynthesis. This
      derivative is preferentially transferred from phospholipid vesicles to cultured
      Chinese hamster fibroblasts at 2 degrees C, while the C6-NBD-PA-derived
      fluorescence is localized at the nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and
      mitochondria. Extraction and analysis of the fluorescent lipids associated with
      the cells after treatment with vesicles at 2 degrees C or 37 degrees C revealed
      that a large fraction of the fluorescent phosphatidic acid is converted to
      fluorescent diglyceride, phosphatidylcholine, and triglyceride. Although we do
      not yet know how accurately the metabolism and intracellular distribution of C6
      NBD-PA and its metabolites reflect those of endogenous phosphatidic acid, it is
      encouraging that this fluorescent analogue is apparently metabolized through the
      diglyceride pathway to give fluorescent analogues of diglyceride, triglyceride,
      and phosphatidylcholine. This metabolism suggests that the presence of the
      fluorescent group on the acyl chain of the phosphatidic acid analogue does not
      inhibit the enzymes involved in phosphatidic acid metabolism. We conclude that
      fluorescent lipid analogues such as C6-NBD-PA may be useful in correlating
      biochemical studies of lipid metabolism with studies of the intracellular
      localization of lipid metabolites by fluorescence microscopy.

PMID- 6584076
TI  - Lipid fluidity of the individual hemileaflets of human erythrocyte membranes.
AB  - The impermeant fluorescent probes (MIMAR reagents) described here permit the
      assessment of the lipid fluidity of individual membrane hemileaflets. They should
      also prove useful for examining the outer hemileaflets of the plasma membranes of
      intact cells. The observations, thus far, that normal human erythrocyte membranes
      have a characteristic asymmetry of fluidity, with the outer leaflet more fluid,
      correspond to prior findings with Mycoplasma, Newcastle Disease viral envelopes,
      and mouse LM cells. Hence, it is possible that the pattern is quite general in
      biological membranes. The particular lipid and protein components of the human
      erythrocyte membrane that underly the fluidity asymmetry are unknown. The
      increased content of phosphatidylcholine in the outer leaflet and of the anionic
      phospholipids in the inner leaflet would be consonant with the fluidity
      difference. On the other hand, sphingomyelin, which tends to decrease fluidity,
      is localized mainly in the outer leaflet. Unknown at present is whether the
      cholesterol content of the two leaflets differs. From the results reported above,
      it is tempting to speculate that exogenously added cholesterol tends to localize
      in the outer leaflet, normally the more fluid leaflet, whereas endogenous
      cholesterol is more readily removed from the inner leaflet. This suggests, but
      clearly does not establish, that in the normal erythrocyte the cholesterol
      content of the inner leaflet exceeds that of the outer. Lastly, integral membrane
      proteins are expected to decrease lipid fluidity, and the usual pattern seen on
      freeze-fracture of large numbers of intra-membranous particles on the cytoplasmic
      face may signify a greater influence of protein in the inner leaflet. The
      hypothesis that perturbations of the fluidity of a given hemileaflet influence
      the membrane proteins (and their associated functions) in that leaflet is well
      supported by the evidence described above. On the other hand, we understand less
      well the mechanisms by which lipid fluidity influences the proteins. For example,
      the decrease in sulfhydryl group reactivity of spectrin, actin, and Band 3 owing
      to cholesterol depletion (Table 7) may be due to a physical displacement of these
      proteins, as suggested by Borochov and Shinitzky. Why then does the reactivity of
      glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase sulfhydryl groups increase under these
      conditions? There remains much to learn about membrane molecular mechanics and
      lipid-protein interactions. In such studies the impermeant MIMAR probes described
      here should prove useful.

PMID- 6584077
TI  - Control of heart oxidative phosphorylation by creatine kinase in mitochondrial
      membranes.
AB  - Three important points must be emphasized in summary. First is the idea that a
      cellular microcompartment need not be limited by a semi-permeable membrane. We
      recognize microcompartments in multi-enzyme complexes where substrates are
      covalently transported from subunit to subunit. An example of this is the lipoic
      acid moiety of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. However, to act as a kinetic
      microcompartment, covalent transfer is not an obligatory requirement. Proximity
      effects may be sufficient for substantial rate enhancement. Our data clearly show
      that the kinetics of ADP translocation are influenced by the site of ADP
      formation. We contend that this represents a newly recognized and important form
      of cellular microcompartmentation. The second point is that we do not want our
      results misinterpreted as an overextension of the known data concerning tissue
      respiration. We believe that the primary parameter controlling heart
      mitochondrial oxygen consumption is the availability of ADP at the adenine
      nucleotide translocase. Our data show, however, that this is not a simple
      process. Secondary control is exerted by the localization of ADP formation, i.e.
      microcompartmentation. As a result of the kinetic data (Table 3), we conclude
      that the forward rate of mitochondrial creatine kinase is the preferential
      reaction controlling ADP delivery to the translocase. We are left, nonetheless,
      with questions concerning the secondary regulation of this enzyme in vivo by
      substrate (ATP and creatine) and inhibition by product (phosphocreatine). The
      nature of this control awaits further experimental data. Finally, the results are
      consistent with the creatine kinase energy transport hypothesis. Overall, the
      rate of tissue oxygen consumption reflects the metabolic activity of the organ,
      determined by the rate of ATP utilization (see right side of Figure 1). This
      results in the cytoplasmic production of ADP. In heart, this is coupled via the
      bound cytoplasmic isozymes of creatine kinase to the local rephosphorylation of
      ADP to ATP and the simultaneous production of creatine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400
      WORDS)

PMID- 6584078
TI  - Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase: purification and applications in
      membrane studies.

PMID- 6584079
TI  - Protein synthesis and tumorigenicity of the cytoplasmic hybrid between rat yolk
      sac tumor and mouse fibroblastic cell line.
AB  - Cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell lines were formed by fusing whole cells of rat
      yolk sac tumor cell line (EST-II) with cytoplasts of mouse fibroblastic cell line
      (B-82cap), a variant of mouse L cell line that is deficient in thymidine kinase
      (TK-) and resistant to chloramphenicol (capr). The cybrid cell line with the
      nucleus of EST-II and cytoplasma of B-82cap was successfully obtained using
      double selection with HAT and chloramphenicol-containing medium. The cybrid's
      ability to synthesize proteins such as albumin, alpha-fetoprotein, gamma-EST, and
      gamma-GTP was found to be approximately one-fourth that of the nuclear donor, EST
      II, at a early time of growth in culture, but this was followed by a gradual
      increase during the period of observation. The nude mice undergoing subcutaneous
      transplantation of 1 X 10(6) cells of EST-II and cybrid were killed by the tumor
      growth, with the survival time being 56 +/- 11 and 105 +/- 25 days, respectively.
      The histologic findings of cybrid tumor closely resembled those of the nuclear
      donor, EST-II. These facts suggest that factors from both the nucleus and
      cytoplasma will be able to affect the gene expression of the cybrid cell line.

PMID- 6584080
TI  - Early precancerous modifications in the mucus of human and rat distal colon: a
      comparative immunohistologic study.
AB  - The M1 antigens, associated with gastric fucomucin, the early oncofetal
      precancerous marker for the distal colon, were studied using the immunoperoxidase
      method in the distal colon. We compared human tumoral mucosa with that of rats
      during DMH-induced carcinogenesis. In both cases we examined histologically
      normal mucosa, mucinous hyperplasia, glands with serrated epithelium and
      hypermature goblet cells like those observed in human hyperplastic polyps,
      dysplasia, and transitional mucosa. We were able to assess similarities between
      these rat and human mucosae in terms of the tissue and cell location of these M1
      antigens as well as the frequency of occurrence in the different comparative
      lesions. Thus, we demonstrated that such similarities can be observed not only at
      a histologic level, but also on a molecular level. The presence of M1 antigens in
      the human distal colon is comparable to mucous modifications induced by a
      chemical carcinogen, as observed during DMH-induced carcinogenesis in the rat.

PMID- 6584081
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies as probes of human breast disorders.
AB  - A variety of monoclonal antibody probes to the human breast have been prepared by
      various groups of workers. These probes are revealing hitherto unrecognized
      biological and biochemical differences in both normal and neoplastic breast
      cells. Further study is needed, however, in order to understand fully the
      significance of these differences. In the meantime, the use of immune probes can
      improve our ability to detect disease at an earlier stage in sites such as the
      bone marrow, and may be heralding a new era in the detection and treatment of
      disseminated breast cancer.

PMID- 6584082
TI  - Creatinine kinase-BB isoenzyme as a tumor marker in breast cancer, lung cancer,
      and lymphoma.

PMID- 6584083
TI  - Human monoclonal antibody to a neuroectodermal tumor antigen (OFA-I-2).
AB  - Human IgM kappa monoclonal antibody to human tumors of neuroectodermal origin was
      produced in the spent medium of an Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B
      lymphoblastoid cell line, L72. Chemically, the antigen was identified as
      ganglioside GD2 [Gal NAc beta 1----4 (Neu Ac alpha 2----8 Neu Ac alpha 2---3) Gal
      beta 1----4 Glc----ceramide]. Twenty-seven mg of pure human IgM were obtained
      from 10 liters of L72 spent medium using salt and hypotonic precipitation,
      ultracentrifugation, and Sephacryl-S 300 superfine gel filtration. The monoclonal
      origin of the antibody was determined by agarose isoelectrofocusing. This human
      monoclonal antibody may be a particularly useful reagent for immunotherapy trials
      in cancer patients.

PMID- 6584084
TI  - Ocular changes in invasive osteogenic sarcoma of the skull.
AB  - Serial narrow-band green-light fundus photographs documented the evolution of
      descending optic atrophy in a case of rapid bilateral blindness produced by a
      highly invasive osteogenic sarcoma of the base of the skull. Disappearance of the
      nerve fiber layer (NFL) was observed to take place between the sixth and 12th
      week after onset of blindness; thus, it is similar to the evolution of descending
      atrophy found to occur in clinical cases of blindness caused by traumatic
      involvement of the optic nerve. Parallel to the disappearance of the NFL there
      was an increase in optic nerve head excavation and a change in the appearance of
      the vessels on the disk surfaces.

PMID- 6584085
TI  - [Meningeal gliomatosis models as a chemosensitivity assay system].
AB  - Experimental models of meningeal gliomatosis (MG) have been produced by
      intracisternal inoculation of C6 and 9L glioma cells into Wistar and Fisher 344
      rats, respectively. Chemotherapy of these models and in vitro chemosensitivity
      assay for these cell lines were studied with ACNU, BCNU and VM-26. In vitro
      chemosensitivity assay revealed that 9L cells were sensitive to all of the
      anticancer drugs above, and that C6 cells were resistant to ACNU and BCNU, but
      not to VM-26. In vivo experiment, the survival time of the rats inoculated with
      9L glioma cells (9LMG) was prolonged by both ACNU and BCNU but not by VM-26. None
      of these drugs were effective against the rats inoculated with C6 glioma cells
      (C6MG). It is concluded that the result of in vitro chemosensitivity assay is not
      always correlative with that of in vivo. This implies that an in vivo
      chemosensitivity assay system including MG models is indispensable in researching
      into chemotherapy of brain tumor.

PMID- 6584087
TI  - [Evaluation of CA 19-9 radioimmunoassay].
AB  - A carbohydrate antigenic determinant (CA 19-9) which monoclonal antibody (1116 NS
      19-9) recognizes was found by Koprowski et al in 1979. Recently DelVillano et al
      have developed a forward sandwich radioimmunoassay (RIA) for quantitative
      measurement of CA 19-9. This CA 19-9 RIA Kit (CENTOCOR) was examined both
      experimentally and clinically. In the basic study, the standard curve obtained
      from this assay showed liniality, and the reproducibility of Intra-assay and
      Inter-assay was good. In the clinical study, using 37 U/ml as the reference
      value, the CA 19-9 RIA provided excellent sensitivity for pancreatic cancer (84%)
      and cancer of the biliary tract (69%), and excellent specificity, even among
      patients with benign gastrointestinal disorders. Moreover, CA 19-9 was suggested
      to be useful for monitoring of pancreatic cancer. Thus, the data indicate that CA
      19-9 RIA can be a useful tumor marker for pancreatic cancer.

PMID- 6584086
TI  - [Enhanced effect of reserpine on growth-inhibitory action of ACNU on ACNU
      resistance C6 glioma].
AB  - Reserpine was found to enhance the effect of ACNU on ACNU-resistant C6 glioma
      (C6/ACNU). When reserpine was added to the culture medium at the concentration of
      10 microM, the IC50 of ACNU for C6/ACNU was decreased to the level of that for
      C6. Intracellular uptake of ACNU increased in both resistant and sensitive cells
      when 10 microM reserpine was added to the culture medium. This phenomenon is more
      remarkable in C6/ACNU than in C6.

PMID- 6584088
TI  - [A case of refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia who achieved a complete
      remission by mitoxantrone].
AB  - A 21-year-old male was diagnosed as having acute lymphocytic leukemia in March
      1982. The patient was immediately treated with VENP [vincristine (VCR), Endoxan
      (EX), Natulan, prednisolone (Pred)] therapy, yielding a partial remission. After
      one course of AAAP [ACNU, adriamycin (ADM), methotrexate (MTX), Pred] therapy, a
      combination chemotherapy with behenoyl-arabinocytosine, daunomycin (DM),
      vindesine and Pred was administered, which produced a complete remission lasting
      for 52 days. For the relapse, L-Asparaginase (L-Asp) and Pred therapy, large
      doses of MTX, the combination chemotherapy with VCR, EX, L-Asp and Pred and VEMP
      (VCR, EX, 6-MP, Pred) therapy were administered consecutively, PR was maintained
      but CR was not achieved. While receiving the combination chemotherapy consisting
      of VCR, EX, carbocone and Pred, the leukemic cells of his bone marrow increased
      gradually and reached to 70%; at that time cumulative doses of DM and ADM reached
      to 360 mg and 120 mg respectively. Thereafter mitoxantrone (MX) was administered
      on a 5-day iv schedule using daily dose of 4 mg/m2. Leukopenia was prolonged and
      liver dysfunction appeared, and they were recovered gradually. Two additional
      courses of MX using the same schedule and daily dose were given combined with
      Pred. Prolonged leukopenia and transitional liver dysfunction were also observed.
      He attained a CR, which was of short duration. It was clinically indicated that
      MX did not have a complete cross-resistance with many antileukemic agents
      including DM and ADM.

PMID- 6584089
TI  - [Color stability in composites (clinical note)].

PMID- 6584090
TI  - [Effect of conditioning in a water environment on the physico-mechanic properties
      of commercial dental composites].

PMID- 6584091
TI  - [Cystic adamantinoma of the mandible: therapeutic principles].

PMID- 6584093
TI  - [Immunopathology of periodontal disease. IV: The role of phagocytic cells].

PMID- 6584092
TI  - [Fluoridated toothpastes in the prevention of dento-periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6584094
TI  - [Allogenic transplants of tooth germs: biologic and clinical considerations].

PMID- 6584095
TI  - [Etiologic role of prostaglandins in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease].

PMID- 6584096
TI  - [Notes in conservative dentistry].

PMID- 6584097
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of various amalgams. I: Volume variations].

PMID- 6584098
TI  - Group treatment for bulimic women.

PMID- 6584099
TI  - Genetic control of environmental pollutants.

PMID- 6584100
TI  - Ecological constraints on genetic engineering.

PMID- 6584101
TI  - Perspective on opportunities for genetic engineering applications in industrial
      pollution control.

PMID- 6584102
TI  - Application of genetic engineering to industrial waste/wastewater treatment.

PMID- 6584103
TI  - Needs and strategies for genetic control: municipal wastes.
AB  - Municipal wastewater, sludge, and refuse constitute major material flows and area
      of public concern. Substantial lists of desired improvements in the biological
      treatment of each waste can be formulated. Many improvements can be brought about
      by better application of biological and process fundamentals; widespread
      application of good process control and existing microorganisms is still not a
      reality. Nevertheless, several improvements seem amenable to genetic control
      techniques. Whether the genetic control technique involves selection of a novel
      microorganism or genetic manipulation of conventional or novel microorganisms,
      two key requirements stand out. First, we must recognize the physiological factor
      that provides the desired function. Second, we must recombine the genes for the
      desired function into a microorganism that can thrive in a treatment process. For
      environmental applications, identifying the physiological effect and an
      appropriate microorganism are the most critical steps. However, they are probably
      the least well developed, as biochemists and genetic engineers have concentrated
      mainly on isolating, recombining, and expressing relatively well known genes into
      convenient laboratory strains. Because of the many different steps associated
      with applications of genetic control to municipal-waste treatment, the successful
      application requires coordination of biochemistry, microbiology, and process
      engineering. No one discipline has all the requisite tools and insight to do the
      whole job.

PMID- 6584104
TI  - Engineering organisms to survive. Introduction.

PMID- 6584105
TI  - Enhanced xanthine oxidase activity in mice treated with interferon and interferon
      inducers.
AB  - Administration to mice of either interferon (IFN) or IFN inducers resulted in a
      marked increase of xanthine oxidase (XO) activity in different organs. Dose
      response studies revealed that serum XO was increased by administration of
      polyinosylic-polycyticylic acid (poly I-C) at doses as low as 0.1 mg/kg. In view
      of the well known ability of XO to generate superoxide radicals it is suggested
      that its induction might play a role in several biological effects of IFN.

PMID- 6584106
TI  - Phospholipid-sensitive Ca2+-dependent protein kinase inhibition by R-24571, a
      calmodulin antagonist.
AB  - R-24571 (calmidazolium), a derivative of the antimycotic agent miconazole,
      inhibited phospholipid-sensitive Ca2+-dependent protein kinase (PL-Ca-PK), with
      an IC50 (the concentration causing 50% inhibition) of 5.3 microM. It also
      inhibited the calmodulin/Ca2+-stimulated enzymes, with IC50 values of 1.6 and 0.1
      microM for myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and phosphodiesterase respectively.
      Analysis of inhibition by R-24571 of PL-Ca-PK and MLCK revealed complex kinetics,
      suggesting that the agent interacted with the cofactors, the enzyme, and/or the
      cofactor-enzyme complexes. At saturating concentrations of the cofactors, R-24571
      inhibited PL-Ca-PK and MLCK noncompetitively with their respective cofactors.
      Inhibition of MLCK by R-24571 was completely overcome by phosphatidylserine,
      indicating a strong hydrophobic interaction between R-24571 and the phospholipid
      in the presence of calmodulin. R-24571 also inhibited phosphorylation of various
      endogenous proteins in brain stimulated specifically by phosphatidylserine/Ca2+
      or calmodulin/Ca2+. The present findings inducated that R-24571 has little
      specificity in inhibiting two types of Ca2+-dependent protein kinases sensitive
      to phospholipid or calmodulin.

PMID- 6584107
TI  - Medical manpower needs for Puerto Rico.

PMID- 6584108
TI  - [Lobular carcinoma of the breast].

PMID- 6584110
TI  - Coxsackie virus: a review.

PMID- 6584109
TI  - A prospective nutritional evaluation of 100 medical patients.

PMID- 6584111
TI  - Chlamydial pneumonia: a review.

PMID- 6584113
TI  - Head tilt: a revisit to an old sign of posterior fossa tumors.

PMID- 6584112
TI  - Percutaneous liver biopsy.

PMID- 6584114
TI  - [Psychosocial factors affecting physician-patient relations: implications].

PMID- 6584115
TI  - [Neonatal circumcision].

PMID- 6584116
TI  - [Aplastic anemia and preleukemia syndromes developing into leukemia].

PMID- 6584117
TI  - [ACNU delivery to malignant tumor tissue and serum--route of administration and
      combined use of phenobarbital].
AB  - Since nitrosourea compounds as chemotherapeutic agent can cross the blood brain
      barrier, they are widely used in the treatment of malignant brain tumors. ACNU (3
      [(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl]-1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea
      hydrochloride) has become a popular agent, as it is water-soluble and has shown
      potent effectiveness for treating gliomas. Only a few studies have ever been
      reported concerning the pharmacokinetics of ACNU in human brain tumors. Intra
      arterial administration of chemotherapeutic agents has recently been paid special
      attention, because it is expected to be more effective than intravenous
      administration. On the other hand, phenobarbital as an anticonvulsant, widely
      used in clinical management of malignant brain tumor patients has been reported
      to reduce the toxicity of nitrosourea compounds by induction of hepatic
      microsomal enzyme relating to their metabolism. In this report, malignant brain
      tumor patients were divided into two groups; ACNU was administered either by
      internal carotid or intravenous route. ACNU concentrations in blood or tumor
      tissue following the administration were serially compared between these two
      groups. Patients were also divided into another two groups; ACNU was administered
      in combination with or without phenobarbital. Between these two groups, ACNU in
      concentrations in blood were serially compared in order to detect the influence
      of phenobarbital. ACNU concentrations in tumor tissues were measured at 5, 10,
      15, 20, 25, 30, (40, 45, 50), 60 minutes after intravenous (IV) or internal
      carotid arterial (ICA) administration of ACNU (2-3 mg/kg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      250 WORDS)

PMID- 6584118
TI  - Standards in dentistry.

PMID- 6584119
TI  - Social background, fluoridation and caries experience in a 5-year-old population
      in the West Midlands.

PMID- 6584120
TI  - The development of an inexpensive pressure transducer for use at the denture base
      mucosal surface interface.

PMID- 6584121
TI  - The use of periodontal surgery by recent graduates.

PMID- 6584122
TI  - Warfarin anticoagulant therapy.

PMID- 6584123
TI  - The missing patients.

PMID- 6584124
TI  - Children and swallowed toothpaste.

PMID- 6584126
TI  - Dilaceration.

PMID- 6584125
TI  - Research and be damned?

PMID- 6584127
TI  - Prophetic dentistry.

PMID- 6584128
TI  - Artificial sweeteners--a new dawn?

PMID- 6584129
TI  - Psychogenic facial pain. Part 1: The clinical presentation.

PMID- 6584130
TI  - Periapical actinomycosis.

PMID- 6584131
TI  - Radiographic assessment of periodontitis. A study of 800 unreferred patients.

PMID- 6584132
TI  - The antibacterial properties of some commercially available toothpastes in vitro.

PMID- 6584133
TI  - Post-extraction bacteraemia: role of antiseptics and antibiotics.

PMID- 6584134
TI  - Sectional splints without locking plates.

PMID- 6584135
TI  - Manpower imbalance in oral surgery.

PMID- 6584136
TI  - Computerization strategy.

PMID- 6584137
TI  - The missing patients.

PMID- 6584138
TI  - Complications of dental extractions in patients receiving Warfarin anticoagulant
      therapy.

PMID- 6584139
TI  - Postgraduate education.

PMID- 6584140
TI  - Prospect of practice.

PMID- 6584141
TI  - Qualified for everything?

PMID- 6584142
TI  - Characteristics of visible-light-activated composite systems.

PMID- 6584143
TI  - Resorption of dentine by isolated osteoclasts in vitro.

PMID- 6584144
TI  - The Wystan Peach memorial lecture 1983. Ivory tower or advance guard? The
      changing pattern of dental education.

PMID- 6584145
TI  - Vocational training for dental practice. A report by the supervised training
      group.

PMID- 6584146
TI  - Undergraduate training in dentistry.

PMID- 6584147
TI  - Vocational training.

PMID- 6584148
TI  - Vistations to dental schools.

PMID- 6584149
TI  - "Natural Nashers" dental health education programme.

PMID- 6584150
TI  - Mercury contamination from waste amalgam containers.

PMID- 6584151
TI  - An ethical problem.

PMID- 6584152
TI  - The price of gold.

PMID- 6584153
TI  - Social class and dental health in children.

PMID- 6584154
TI  - Manpower imbalance in oral surgery.

PMID- 6584155
TI  - Orthodontic orthodoxy.

PMID- 6584156
TI  - Midazolam in dentistry.

PMID- 6584157
TI  - Toothpaste formulations.

PMID- 6584158
TI  - Granulomatous cheilitis. A report of three cases.

PMID- 6584159
TI  - The use of oral amoxycillin for the treatment of actinomycosis. A clinical and in
      vitro study.

PMID- 6584160
TI  - Dental caries and enamel opacities in 10-year-old children in Newcastle and
      Northumberland.

PMID- 6584162
TI  - Drug therapy among dental out-patients.

PMID- 6584161
TI  - Dental amalgam dermatitis.

PMID- 6584163
TI  - Social policy and drug addiction: a critical study of policy development.

PMID- 6584164
TI  - Tobacco smoking addiction: a challenge to the National Health Service.

PMID- 6584165
TI  - The World Health Organization and alcohol control.

PMID- 6584166
TI  - Synchronisation by hydroxyurea does not affect the sensitivity of CEM-C7
      lymphoblasts to glucocorticoids.

PMID- 6584168
TI  - The 'spent' phase of polycythaemia vera: hypersplenism in the absence of
      myelofibrosis.
AB  - A clinical phase (spent phase) in the course of polycythaemia vera (PV) cases is
      described as enlargement of the spleen in spite of treatment, frequent cytopenia
      of one or several lines, persistent red cell hypervolaemia with considerable
      increase of plasma volume, persistence of myeloid hyperplasia with no collagen
      myelofibrosis or osteomyelosclerosis, absence of hepatosplenic erythroblastic
      metaplasia, as shown by radio-iron kinetics and/or 111In-transferrin
      scintigraphy. The frequency of this phase was 5% in a study where it was not
      systematically sought, but it could in fact be greater. Its occurrence is not
      related to the clinical and biological parameters of PV. On the other hand, it is
      significantly more frequent and earlier in patients treated by phlebotomies than
      in those treated by myelosuppression (32P). In four of the 12 cases, this phase
      was rapidly followed by an acute leukaemia. In eight cases there was a 1-5 year
      interval before a myelofibrosis with splenic myeloid metaplasia. This evolution
      could at this stage be delayed by chemotherapy. The efficacy of splenectomy
      should be studied.

PMID- 6584167
TI  - Acute leukaemia with mixed lymphoid and myeloid phenotype.
AB  - Three children with acute leukaemia had blasts that expressed both lymphoid and
      myeloid markers. The blasts met immunological criteria for acute lymphoblastic
      leukaemia (ALL)--common ALL antigen+, HLA-DR+, terminal deoxynucleotidyl
      transferase+--but their cytochemical features, including positive myeloperoxidase
      and Sudan black B, were those of acute nonlymphoblastic leukaemia (ANLL) as
      defined by the French-American-British Group. 30% of the blasts from one of two
      patients tested reacted with a monoclonal antibody specific for nonlymphoid cells
      (MCS-2). The wide overlap in the percentages of blasts expressing lymphoid or
      myeloid markers indicates that some leukaemic cells in each child had a mixed
      phenotype. There were no consistent cytogenetic findings, and the Philadelphia
      chromosome was not present. Complete remission was induced by treatment effective
      for either ALL (two patients) or ANLL. These three cases appear to represent a
      rare leukaemia subtype that we have designated acute leukaemia with mixed
      lymphoid and myeloid phenotype. Its recognition may be important in treatment,
      since two patients achieved remission with standard therapy for ALL. These cases
      demonstrate further the phenotypic heterogeneity that may be seen in leukaemic
      cell differentiation.

PMID- 6584169
TI  - Localized meningeal blast crisis revealing chronic myeloid leukaemia.

PMID- 6584171
TI  - Bilateral supplemental laterals: an unusual transplantation approach.
AB  - The case of a patient presenting with bilateral supplemental lateral incisors is
      reported. The upper lateral and supplemental on one side of the arch had a
      questionable prognosis due to extensive caries and at their removal the
      supplemental from the other side was successfully transplanted across the arch.

PMID- 6584170
TI  - An investigation of treatment provided in the General Dental Service for patients
      with Class II division 1 malocclusions.
AB  - The study models of a sample of 51 cases with Class II division 1 malocclusions
      treated in the General Dental Service in Scotland, were investigated and analysed
      with respect to the changes which had taken place in the overjet, overbite and
      incisor alignment. Residual spacing in the arches was also measured. Occlusal
      Index scores were calculated at the start and finish of treatment. The results
      suggest that only a limited measure of success was achieved; they indicate a need
      to improve orthodontic treatment standards.

PMID- 6584172
TI  - The effect of social factors on referrals for orthodontic advice and treatment.
AB  - All patients with information related to social class who were referred to the
      Orthodontic Department of Glasgow Dental Hospital over a 5-year period were
      investigated in this study. This referred population is different from the
      general population with proportionally fewer of the lower social classes. Social
      class did not affect the distance travelled to receive advice or treatment.
      However, proportionally more patients from social Classes I and V received
      complicated therapy.

PMID- 6584173
TI  - Localisation of misplaced maxillary canines: orthopantomograph and P.A. skull
      views compared.
AB  - A comparison of the radiographs of 59 subjects who had misplaced maxillary
      canines has been undertaken. The purpose of this study was to see if the position
      of the canine as seen on a P.A. skull radiograph is comparable with the position
      of the canine on an orthopantomogram. The results of the study show that there
      are similarities in the position of the canines as seen on the two radiographs.
      Where there is a variation between the two films, there is a tendency for the
      canine angulation to be increased on the orthopantomogram. The misplaced canine
      also appears further away from the midline on the orthopantomogram.

PMID- 6584174
TI  - Models for multi-band training and examining.
AB  - A substitute for traditional Typodont techniques is described. The production and
      use of acrylic models, which are attached to the dental chair, and allow the
      practice of routine clinical procedures, is recommended.

PMID- 6584175
TI  - A case report of bilateral double teeth.
AB  - A 17-year-old male presented with bilateral double teeth in the 2 2 region and
      upper arch crowding. These were surgically sectioned and orthodontic treatment
      carried out to align 321 123. The sectioned teeth remained vital.

PMID- 6584176
TI  - Tooth with a 'tail'. A case report of a dilacerated mandibular incisor.
AB  - A case report is presented of a child with a dilacerated mandibular incisor and
      the subsequent orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 6584177
TI  - Uncertainty in cephalometrics.
AB  - Sources of cephalometric error are considered, and different techniques of
      measurement are discussed. The use of the digitizer on tracings, untraced films
      and modified tracings is evaluated with regard to reproducibility of
      cephalometric angles and co-ordinates.

PMID- 6584178
TI  - A radiographic survey of third molar development: a comparison.
AB  - A radiographic survey of 1,154 patients aged 6-15 years who had attended Glasgow
      Dental Hospital is reported and compared with a similar survey in Yorkshire.
      Observations are made on the proportion of third molars showing at different
      ages. An attempt is made to relate dental age to third molar development.

PMID- 6584179
TI  - Purification and characterization of epimeric estradiol dehydrogenases (17 alpha
      and 17 beta) from equine placenta.
AB  - Estradiol 17 alpha-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.148) and estradiol 17 beta
      dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.62) from horse placenta have been purified to
      homogeneity. Both enzymes are localized in the microsomal fraction and are
      solubilized in 1.5% sodium cholate. The 17 alpha- and 17 beta-dehydrogenases are
      separated by selective elution from hydroxylapatite with 0.5 and 1.0 M potassium
      phosphate, respectively. Subsequent purification is achieved by two affinity
      absorption steps using reactive blue 2-agarose and estriol hemisuccinate
      Sepharose. Homogeneous estradiol 17 alpha-dehydrogenase has a specific activity
      of 10 IU/mg and has been purified 5900-fold with an 87% recovery. Homogeneous
      estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase has a specific activity of 10.6 IU/mg and has
      been purified 15 000-fold with an apparent recovery of 100%. Each enzyme exhibits
      a single band on polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis and on sodium dodecyl
      sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis. The mobilities of the two on SDS gels are
      identical and correspond to subunit molecular weights of 33000. The apparent
      molecular weight of the undenatured, active enzyme, as determined by gel
      filtration on Sephacryl S-300, is 52000 in the case of the 17 alpha-dehydrogenase
      and 68500 for the 17 beta-dehydrogenase. Both enzymes exhibit pH optima at 9.0
      9.5; both prefer NAD+ over NADP+ but utilize both cofactors. Both are highly
      specific for their respective epimers of estradiol with apparent Km values of 1.7
      microM at pH 9.5.

PMID- 6584180
TI  - Studies of the differentiation of promyelocytic cells by phorbol ester. I.
      Induction of discrete membrane proteins characteristic of monocytes and
      expression of motility functions in HL-60 cells following differentiation by
      phorbol ester.
AB  - Cells of the promyelocytic leukemia line, HL-60, differentiate into macrophage
      like cells in response to phorbol ester. We report that this effect is associated
      with induction of spontaneous motility and a modest expression of chemotactic
      responsiveness to a formylated peptide. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
      we demonstrate that the differentiation of HL-60 cells is associated with a
      differential effect on membrane vs. cytosol proteins. Changes in the cytosol
      characteristically involved reduction of synthesis of specific proteins. Changes
      in the membrane were mainly associated with either enhancement or de novo
      synthesis of discrete proteins. The hallmark of HL-60 cell differentiation
      appeared to be distinctive induction of a membrane-bound group of six proteins
      (pI approximately equal to 5, 45-70 kDa) and the de novo induction of a membrane
      protein indicated as m10 (pI approximately equal to 7, 28 kDa). These discrete
      membrane proteins were found to be very prominently synthesized by human cultured
      monocytes, but virtually absent in lymphocytes. It is proposed that our ability
      to detect synthesis of proteins characteristic of different states of cellular
      differentiation will permit detailed studies of the biochemical changes which
      constitute this process. Definition of the role of these proteins and the
      mechanism regulating their synthesis will help to elucidate the biochemical basis
      of monocyte differentiation.

PMID- 6584181
TI  - Studies of the differentiation of promyelocytic cells by phorbol ester. II. A
      methylation inhibitor, 3-deazaadenosine, inhibits the induction of specific
      differentiation proteins. Lack of effect on early and late phosphorylation
      events.
AB  - Cells of the promyelocytic leukemic line, HL-60, differentiate into macrophage
      like cells in response to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (phorbol ester). We
      have shown that this process is associated with expression of motility functions
      and induction of specific changes in the synthesis of discrete proteins. In the
      present study we show that a methylation inhibitor, 3-deazaadenosine, inhibits
      the phorbol ester induction of the differentiation functions, adherence and
      motility. These effects were associated with interference in the expression of
      membrane proteins indicative of the acquisition of macrophage-like
      characteristics by HL-60 cells. Of particular importance was the observation that
      the methylation inhibitor preferentially arrested the induction of one
      differentiation, protein m10 (pI approximately equal to 7, 28 kDa). The selective
      effect of 3-deazaadenosine is further supported by observations in this study
      which show that the methylation inhibitor did not affect other cellular and
      biochemical effects of phorbol ester in these cells. Most significantly, 3
      deazaadenosine did not inhibit the induction of phosphorylation in pp17 and pp27,
      which was previously shown to be a rapid event associated with initiation of
      differentiation in HL-60 cells by phorbol ester (Feuerstein, N. and Cooper, H.
      (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 10786-10793). Furthermore, later elevated
      phosphorylation of other proteins as well as the arrest of cell growth induced by
      phorbol ester were also unimpeded by the methylation inhibitor. These results
      indicate that the methylation inhibitor did not interfere with the transduction
      of the phorbol ester signal at an early step so as to block all the subsequent
      events in this sequence, but rather its effect was selectively associated with
      interference in later events in the sequence of differentiation. It is proposed
      that transmethylation events might be specifically involved in the induction and
      expression of discrete proteins during the differentiation of these leukemic
      cells but not in the initial propagation of the signal produced by phorbol ester
      binding.

PMID- 6584182
TI  - Induction of lipid storage in cultured leukemic myeloid cells by pyrene
      dodecanoic acid.
AB  - When incubated for 1-3 days in the presence of the fatty acid analog, 12-(1
      pyrene)dodecanoic acid, the neutral lipid content of cultured human leukemic
      myeloid cells increased considerably, while that of the phospholipids increased
      to a much lesser extent. Among the neutral lipids, di- and monoacylglycerols
      predominated and a considerable portion of the fatty acyl residues of these newly
      synthesized neutral lipids consisted of pyrene-dodecanoic acid. Light microscopy
      showed evidence for the presence of highly fluorescent lipid droplets within the
      cells. Electron microscopy showed lipid globules, mostly devoid of a unit
      membrane, multivesicular inclusion bodies and some multilamellar membranous
      structures. In comparison, cells incubated with palmitic acid show neither these
      cellular structures, nor the increase of the neutral lipid content. The lipid
      storage, induced by pyrene-dodecanoic acid, is probably related to ineffective
      degradation of this fatty acid analog and might serve as an experimental model of
      cellular lipidosis.

PMID- 6584183
TI  - [Estimation of cell agglutination by laser nephelometry].
AB  - Laser nephelometry was used to measure the lectin-mediated agglutination of
      cultured human tumor cells (of osteosarcoma and adenocarcinoma of the lungs). The
      rates of a decrease in the value of light dispersion (V delta VLD) and the length
      of time (to) necessary for complete cell sedimentation (at V delta VLD-O) can be
      used as quantitative indices of cell agglutination. V delta VLD and to were found
      to correlate with the concentrations of tumor cells and lectins (PHA and Con A).

PMID- 6584184
TI  - Prognostic discrimination in "good-risk" chronic granulocytic leukemia.
AB  - The prognostic significance of disease features recorded at the time of diagnosis
      was examined among 813 patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive, nonblastic
      chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) collected from six European and American
      series. The survival pattern for this population was typical of "good-risk"
      patients, and median survival was 47 mo. There were multiple interrelationships
      among different disease features, which led to highly significant correlations
      with survival for some that had no primary prognostic significance, such as
      hematocrit. Multivariable regression analysis indicated that spleen size and the
      percentage of circulating blasts were the most important prognostic indicators.
      These features, and age, behaved as continuous variables with progressively
      unfavorable import at higher values. The platelet count did not influence
      survival significantly at values below 700 X 10(9)/liter but was increasingly
      unfavorable above this level. Basophils plus eosinophils over 15%, more than 5%
      marrow blasts, and karyotypic abnormalities in addition to the Ph1 were also
      significant unfavorable signs. The Cox model, generated with four variables
      representing percent blasts, spleen size, platelet count, and age, provided a
      useful representation of risk status in this population, with good fit between
      predicted and observed survival over more than a twofold survival range. A hazard
      function derived from half of the patient population successfully segregated the
      remainder into three groups with significantly different survival patterns. We
      conclude that it should be possible to identify a lower risk group of patients
      with a 2-yr survival of 90%, subsequent risk averaging somewhat less than 20%/yr
      and median survival of 5 yr, an intermediate group, and a high-risk group with a
      2-yr survival of 65%, followed by a death rate of about 35%/yr and median
      survival of 2.5 yr.

PMID- 6584185
TI  - A pericentric inversion of chromosome 16 is associated with dysplastic marrow
      eosinophils in acute myelomonocytic leukemia.
AB  - Cytogenetic studies were performed in 18 consecutive children with acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) between 1981 and 1983. Three children with acute
      myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL; M4, FAB classification) had the following unique
      bone marrow morphology and cytogenetic abnormality: eosinophilic precursors with
      dysplastic violaceous granules and a pericentric inversion of chromosome 16.
      Surface marker analysis of leukemic cells from these patients, using a panel of
      monoclonal antibodies, revealed the expression of a series of monocyte markers.
      The association of an inversion of chromosome 16 with abnormal eosinophil
      morphology in the M4 subtype of ANLL appears to represent a unique subgroup of
      patients.

PMID- 6584186
TI  - Complement-dependent killing of human hematopoietic progenitor cells with
      noncomplement-fixing monoclonal antibodies in an antiglobulin assay.
AB  - A complement (C)-dependent antiglobulin assay was utilized to determine the
      reactivity of non-C-fixing monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) with human granulocyte
      macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM). The variables of the assay were analyzed
      with non-C-fixing MoAb against Ia antigens, including CR11-462, which recognizes
      the same (or spatially close) determinant identified by the C-fixing anti-Ia MoAb
      Q5/13. The sensitivity of the antiglobulin assay was influenced by dilutions of
      anti-mouse Ig xenoantiserum and of rabbit C. Five non-C-fixing MoAb to Ia
      antigens, seven non-C-fixing MoAb to HLA-A,B antigens, and one non-C-fixing MoAb
      to beta 2-microglobulin induced marked inhibition of human CFU-GM in the
      antiglobulin assay. The activity of non-C-fixing MoAb in the antiglobulin assay
      was comparable to that of C-fixing anti-Ia and anti-HLA-A,B MoAb in the standard
      cytotoxicity assay. In addition, the cytotoxic effect of dilute C-fixing anti-Ia
      MoAb was enhanced when the antiglobulin technique was employed. The results of
      this study indicate that the antiglobulin assay is a rapid and simple technique
      for the characterization of antigens on human hematopoietic progenitors. Our data
      also indicate that Ia antigens are expressed on most CFU-GM and that the
      conflicting results in the literature (that is, those suggesting that Ia antigens
      are expressed on a smaller proportion of CFU-GM) may reflect differences in the
      cytolytic activity of the MoAb and rabbit C used.

PMID- 6584187
TI  - Large cell lymphoma complicating acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a very rare complication of acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia (ALL). We present the pathologic, clinical, immunologic, and
      ultrastructural features of the third reported example of NHL following
      successfully treated ALL. This white girl developed ALL with predominantly L1
      cells at 3.5 yr of age. The lymphoblasts were terminal deoxynucleotidyl
      transferase (TdT) positive and were non-B, non-T cells. She achieved a complete
      remission with standard induction therapy and has remained in continuous complete
      remission. Four and one-third years after the onset of ALL, she developed
      multifocal, pleomorphic large cell lymphoma of the small bowel, which resulted in
      episodes of intussusception and obstruction. These pleomorphic and frequently
      multinucleated lymphoma cells lacked TdT, common ALL antigen, and all tested
      markers of B cell, T cell, and histiocyte differentiation. Following three small
      bowel resections, systemic multiagent chemotherapy, and abdominal irradiation,
      she is currently free of disease.

PMID- 6584188
TI  - Liver dysfunction rather than intravascular coagulation as the main cause of low
      protein C and antithrombin III in acute leukemia.
AB  - Protein C, a newly identified inhibitor of blood coagulation, was measured
      immunologically in 58 patients with untreated acute leukemias and compared with
      that of normal subjects. On the average, slightly lower values were found.
      However, the 17 patients with overt laboratory pictures of decompensated
      disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), including 11 cases with acute
      promyelocytic leukemia, had protein C concentrations no lower than those of the
      remaining 41 patients without DIC. Antithrombin III activity and antigen were
      normal and, like protein C, not lowered in DIC. The concentrations of both
      proteins were closely correlated with changes in the indexes for liver synthetic
      function. A subgroup of 13 patients with hyperleukocytic leukemias had lower
      protein C and antithrombin III, in line with the more compromised synthetic
      function of their livers. Our findings indicate that liver impairment rather than
      DIC is the main cause of the changes in the two naturally occurring inhibitors of
      blood coagulation.

PMID- 6584189
TI  - The effect of prostaglandin D2 on the blood vessels of the perfused isolated
      cotyledon of the human placenta.
AB  - Prostaglandin D2 was shown to constrict the blood vessels of the isolated
      perfused cotyledon of the human placenta. Its potency was less than that of
      prostaglandin F2 alpha but similar to prostaglandin E2. As it is known to dilate
      uterine blood vessels it may, by its differential action on the foetal and
      maternal vascular beds, play a role in the local regulation of utero-placental
      blood flow.

PMID- 6584190
TI  - The clinical features of bulimia nervosa.
AB  - The clinical features of 35 patients with bulimia nervosa are described. All the
      patients came from the Oxford area and each fulfilled conservative operational
      diagnostic criteria. Standardised assessment procedures were used including a
      structured interview designed to assess the psychopathology characteristic of
      patients with eating disorders. It was confirmed that these patients have grossly
      disturbed eating habits accompanied by morbid beliefs and values concerning their
      shape and weight. Although the majority had a weight within the normal range, a
      history of weight disturbance was common. There was a high degree of psychiatric
      morbidity with depressive symptoms being particularly prominent. A quarter of the
      sample had previously fulfilled diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa, and
      this group closely resembled those patients with no such history.

PMID- 6584191
TI  - Effects of a prospective antitumor agent, 1,4-bis(2'-chloroethyl)-1,4
      diazabicyclo-[2.2.1] heptane diperchlorate, on cultured mammalian cells.
AB  - The effects of 1,4-bis(2'-chloroethyl)-1,4-diazabicyclo-[2.2.1] heptane
      diperchlorate (CBH; NSC 57198) on cell viability, growth, progression through the
      cell cycle, survival, and differentiation were investigated in suspension
      cultures of murine lymphocytic leukemia (L1210) and erythroleukemic (FL) cells
      and normal human lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and in
      adherent cultures of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. CBH was equally cytotoxic
      toward stationary and exponentially growing CHO cells. Cell viability was
      diminished by 50% following 24 hr exposure to approximately 50 micrograms CBH per
      ml. Treatment of quiescent human lymphocytes for 24 hr with up to 100 micrograms
      CBH per ml did not appreciably diminish cell viability though the subsequent
      stimulation of such lymphocytes with PHA was inhibited in a dose dependent
      fashion. L1210, FL cells, and PHA stimulated human lymphocytes were equally
      sensitive to CBH, 50% inhibition of growth was obtained following 24 hr treatment
      with 25 micrograms CBH per ml. Incubation for up to 48 hr with CBH did not result
      in differentiation of FL cells to mature hemoglobin containing cells. Constant
      exposure of L1210 cells and PHA-stimulated human lymphocytes to 10-50 micrograms
      CBH per ml resulted in accumulation of cells in G2 + M phase; higher drug
      concentrations resulted in cell arrest in mid to late S phase and G2 phase. A
      short 1-hr pulse of the drug resulted in a transient accumulation of L1210 cells
      in S and G2 phases. However, cells recovered from a short pulse of drug and by 48
      hr, both cell proliferation and the cell cycle distribution appeared normal. A
      detailed analysis of cell cycle progression of L1210 cells in the presence of the
      drug indicated that the duration of G2 phase was extended at low concentrations
      (10 micrograms/ml) while the transit of cells through S was retarded with
      subsequent accumulation in late S and G2 phase at higher (50 micrograms/ml)
      concentrations. Concomitant with cell arrest in S and G2 phase an increase in
      cellular RNA content indicating unbalanced growth was observed. This state of
      unbalanced growth was reversible in cultures exposed to a 1-hr pulse of up to 100
      micrograms CBH per ml; cellular RNA content returned to control values by 48 hr.
      No effect on nuclear chromatin as assayed by acid denaturation was observed.
      Though the exact mechanism of drug action is not known, the data are not
      incompatible with the drug acting as an alkylating agent.

PMID- 6584192
TI  - The dental practice divorce.

PMID- 6584193
TI  - Expand your practice. Part two.

PMID- 6584194
TI  - Bulimia: the obsession to be thin.

PMID- 6584195
TI  - Demonstration of p35 in hairy cell leukemia of Japanese patients.
AB  - Using SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), several coworkers
      isolated a unique membrane protein that they named p35 from hairy cells of white
      patients with hairy cell leukemia. In the current study using a similar
      technique, p35 was identified in hairy cells from 2 of 4 Japanese patients with
      hairy cell leukemia. Further, p35 was immunoprecipitated from the leukemic
      membrane proteins of one of these two Japanese patients with an anti-hairy cell
      serum prepared against hairy cells of a typical white patient. Because both
      Japanese and white patients share the unique membrane antigen, it is proposed
      that the Japanese have the hairy cell leukemia as whites despite some differences
      in laboratory features.

PMID- 6584196
TI  - Primary leiomyosarcoma of extragnathic bones. Case report and review of
      literature.
AB  - In a 60-year-old man, a swelling anteromedially just below the knee led to the
      discovery of an intraosseous leiomyosarcoma. It is the 13th documented case of
      primary leiomyosarcoma of bone outside the facial skeleton. Clinical and
      pathologic findings, modes of treatment and therapeutic results are reviewed, and
      theories of histogenesis discussed. As to the latter, ultrastructural features in
      our case support the pleuripotent mesenchymal rather than the vascular smooth
      muscle origin.

PMID- 6584197
TI  - Transient encephalopathy during the late course of treatment with high-dose
      methotrexate.
AB  - An acute episode of encephalopathy after the infusion of 16 g methotrexate is
      reported in a 12-year-old girl with osteogenic sarcoma. The complication occurred
      during the 11th treatment course, when severe vomiting and diarrhea were followed
      by a low urine output with consecutive toxic concentrations of methotrexate in
      serum and cerebrospinal fluid leading to severe systemic and central nervous
      system toxicity. The onset of the central nervous system toxicity was acute with
      slurred speech, paresis of the external rectus eye muscles, ataxia, and
      hemiparesis, and symptoms resolved completely after 30 hours by treatment with
      calcium leucovorin and forced diuresis. After management of the cerebral and
      systemic toxicity, high-dose methotrexate treatment could be reinstituted, and
      was followed by no further complications. In contrast to the transient cerebral
      dysfunctions, probably caused by embolization of tumor tissue in the early course
      of high-dose methotrexate treatment, the acute neurologic syndrome observed in
      the current case after the prolonged use of methotrexate seemed to be related to
      direct central nervous system toxicity of the drug.

PMID- 6584198
TI  - Clinical and laboratory data related to maturation in acute leukemia.
AB  - The relation between the quantified French-American-British cooperative study
      (FAB) classification and presenting features was studied in 123 adult patients
      (greater than or equal to 15 years) with acute myeloid leukemia. Myeloblastic
      leukemia with maturation (M2) patients with a high maturation index (M2a) were
      older, compared to the other myeloblastic subgroups, while promyelocytic leukemia
      (M3) patients were younger than those with M2 or M2a. Differences between various
      leukemia types were found in the occurrence of a preceding myelodysplastic
      syndrome, leukocyte count, and platelet count. In both monoblastic leukemia (M5)
      and myeloblastic leukemia (M1-3) a smaller degree of maturation seemed to be
      related to a larger tumor mass. The effect of chemotherapy was analyzed in a
      group of 64 patients. Comparison between immature (M1) and more mature (M2)
      myeloblastic leukemia suggested a longer duration of first complete remission and
      a longer survival in M2. The findings of this study may imply that the degree of
      maturation determines tumor mass and the success of chemotherapy.

PMID- 6584199
TI  - Fourth International Workshop on Chromosomes in Leukemia 1982: Chromosomes in
      acute promyelocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6584200
TI  - High resolution chromosomes of the t(9;22) positive leukemias.
AB  - A combined bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and actinomycin D (AMD) treatment of
      methotrexate (MTX) synchronized bone marrow cells from four patients with chronic
      myelogenous leukemia (CML), and two each with acute lymphocytic (ALL) and acute
      nonlymphocytic (ANLL) leukemia were used to define the breakpoints involved in
      the t(9;22) found in subgroups of these three disorders. An additional 20
      patients with CML were studied with the MTX technique alone. All cases showed the
      same breakpoints at subbands 9q34.1 and 22q11.2. In CML, it was possible to
      further define the breakpoint of chromosome 22 to subband q11.21.

PMID- 6584201
TI  - A high-resolution study of chromosome changes in a human prostatic carcinoma cell
      line (LNCaP).
AB  - A high-resolution study of chromosomal rearrangements in a human prostatic cancer
      cell line, LNCaP, has been performed. The cytogenetic analysis revealed a
      pseudodiploid karyotype and the presence of seven marker chromosomes resulting
      from five aberrational events. The analysis of four clones derived from the
      original line showed a near-tetraploid chromosome number and the presence of the
      same seven markers observed in the original line. This is the first complete
      description of karyotypic rearrangements in a prostatic cancer cell line.

PMID- 6584202
TI  - Chromosome analysis of Dalton's lymphoma adapted to the Swiss mouse: clonal
      evaluation and C-heterochromatin distribution.
AB  - Chromosome studies of Dalton's lymphoma, which was originally developed in the
      DBA/2 mouse and later adapted to a close inbred strain of the Swiss albino mouse,
      revealed only one rb-marker in all cells bearing a modal number (71). After
      several successive in vivo passages of the tumor, a new cell clone appeared with
      a different modal number (70) and two rb-markers. This new cell clone gradually
      outnumbered the stem cells and an apparent enhancement in tumorigenicity was
      noted. C-banding of the new cell clone revealed that one of the two telomeric
      heterochromatin-bearing chromosomes, originally present in the stem cells, had
      been involved in a Robertsonian fusion to form the additional marker chromosome.
      G-banded analysis indicated the noninvolvement of chromosome #15 in the fusion.

PMID- 6584203
TI  - Cytogenetics of human malignant melanoma and premalignant lesions.
AB  - Chromosome studies were done on direct preparations, early passage cultures,
      and/or cell lines derived from melanocytic lesions of 17 patients. There were 5
      nevi (3 dysplastic); 1 early primary melanoma (radial growth phase); 1 advanced
      primary melanoma (vertical growth phase) with multiple metastases; and 10
      metastatic lesions. The 5 nevi had normal karyotypes, while each of the tumors
      had a predominantly abnormal karyotype. The early melanoma was pseudodiploid,
      including a 6p;22 translocation. Ten of the 11 advanced melanomas had one or more
      aberrations involving chromosome #1, with 9 having deletions or translocations of
      lp that involved the proximal segment 1p12----1p22 9 times in 8 lesions. Six
      advanced tumors had additional material involving 7q, including extra #7s (4
      cases) and 7q+ (2 cases). Nine melanomas, including the early tumor, had
      alterations in chromosome #6. Three had additional copies of 6p (as iso6p or
      t6p); the others showed no consistent pattern. In one advanced tumor, the primary
      lesion and 5 metastases (removed seriatim over an 18-month period) had nearly
      identical karyotypes, indicating the clonal nature of the neoplasm. The nonrandom
      cytogenetic changes suggest that genes important in melanoma carcinogenesis are
      located on the proximal portion of 1p, on 7q, and on chromosome #6. More data on
      early lesions are needed to identify the relation of these various cytogenetic
      changes to the different stages of malignant melanoma development.

PMID- 6584204
TI  - Critical chromosome rearrangement in acute promyelocytic leukemia.
AB  - We report here a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) who has two
      normal chromosomes #15 but a structurally abnormal chromosome #17. This case
      indicates that the critical point of rearrangement in APL is not necessarily in
      chromosome #15 but may, alternatively, be in chromosome #17.

PMID- 6584205
TI  - Reduction of tumor burden in a murine osteosarcoma following hyperthermia
      combined with cyclophosphamide.
AB  - A radiation- and chemotherapy-resistant murine osteosarcoma was used to
      investigate the effect of local hyperthermia (42.5 +/-0.1 degrees, 30 min) alone
      and in combination with cyclophosphamide. The cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide on
      murine osteosarcoma was established previously in our laboratory. Local
      hyperthermia (42.5 +/- 0.1 degree, 30 min) had little or no effect on the 16-day
      old (206 X 10(6) osteosarcoma tumor cells/mouse) tumor as shown by the changes in
      the tumor cell marker, alkaline phosphatase. A 2.5 +/- 3.5% reduction in the
      number of tumor cells was seen. Large tumors treated at 21 days postimplantation
      (357 X 10(6) tumor cells) showed a reduction of 24 +/- 14%. The effect of
      combination treatment with cyclophosphamide and hyperthermia produced greater
      reduction in the numbers of tumor cells than did either treatment used alone.

PMID- 6584206
TI  - Schedule-dependent enhancement of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine incorporation
      into HL-60 DNA by deoxyguanosine.
AB  - We studied the ability of the purine deoxynucleoside deoxyguanosine (dGuo) to
      enhance 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) incorporation into DNA of HL-60
      cultured human leukemia cells. The effects of dGuo on ara-C incorporation into
      DNA were compared to those of thymidine (dThd), a pyrimidine deoxynucleoside
      known to augment ara-C effects both in vitro and in vivo. Both deoxynucleosides
      doubled the cells in the S phase of the cell cycle within the exposure periods
      (up to 48 hr) and concentrations (10 to 1000 microM) tested. Both
      deoxynucleosides enhanced ara-C incorporation into DNA equally. However, dThd and
      dGuo differed in the schedule required to achieve this effect. Simultaneous
      exposure of cells to ara-C and dThd increased ara-C incorporation into DNA
      approximately 3.5-fold. Preincubation of cells with dThd for 16 hr prior to the
      addition of ara-C further enhanced ara-C incorporation into DNA (to approximately
      5-fold) in direct proportion to the dThd-induced increase in cells in S phase.
      Preincubation was essential for dGuo, since 16-hr preincubation of cells with
      concentrations as low as 30 microM caused augmentation of ara-C incorporation
      into DNA; but simultaneous exposure of cells to dGuo and ara-C caused no
      augmentation of ara-C incorporation into DNA. The augmentation of ara-C
      incorporation into DNA caused by preincubation of the cells with dGuo results
      from a number of factors, including the cytokinetic effect of increasing the
      percentage of cells in S phase and the reduction of intracellular dCTP pools.
      Maximal dGuo enhancement of ara-C incorporation into DNA (approximately 5-fold)
      required greater than 100 microM dGuo, 16-hr preincubation with dGuo, and final
      incubation of cells with ara-C after removal of dGuo. We explain this further
      augmentation of ara-C incorporation into DNA caused by the removal of dGuo prior
      to adding ara-C by our observed inhibition of ara-C phosphorylation by dGuo
      concentrations greater than 100 microM.

PMID- 6584207
TI  - Aclarubicin-associated QTc prolongation and ventricular fibrillation.
AB  - A marked prolongation of QTc (corrected QT interval for heart rate) in ECG
      developed in two patients with acute leukemia during induction chemotherapy with
      aclarubicin, one of the anthracycline antibiotics. This ECG change was followed
      by ventricular fibrillation. No signs or symptoms of congestive heart failure
      were noted. The outcome in one case was fatal; in the other case, the ECG change
      was reversible. These observations suggest that QTc prolongation, which has been
      considered to be a sign of acute cardiotoxicity of anthracycline derivatives, may
      signal a clinical risk of ventricular fibrillation.

PMID- 6584208
TI  - Phase I-II trial of anthracenedicarboxaldehyde in patients with refractory adult
      acute leukemia.

PMID- 6584209
TI  - Responses of isolated dog arteries to amrinone.
AB  - Helically-cut strips of dog cerebral, coronary, mesenteric, renal and femoral
      arteries contracted with prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha or K+ responded to amrinone
      (10(-5) to 10(-4) mol X litre-1) with relaxation, which was not influenced by
      treatment with propranolol, atropine, cimetidine, aminophylline or aspirin. The
      contractile response of mesenteric arteries to transmural electrical stimulation
      (2, 5 and 20 Hz) and noradrenaline was attenuated by amrinone (3 X 10(-5) and 10(
      4) mol X litre-1); the attenuation of the response to nerve stimulation and
      noradrenaline did not significantly differ. Ca2+-induced contractions in
      mesenteric arteries exposed to Ca2+-free media and depolarised by excess K+ were
      inhibited by amrinone, and the inhibition could not be reversed by the addition
      of excess Ca2+. Treatment with amrinone potentiated the relaxant responses of
      mesenteric arteries to adenosine but did not alter the response to isoprenaline.
      Amrinone in concentrations sufficient to produce moderate and marked relaxation
      did not significantly alter the content of cyclic AMP in mesenteric arteries.
      Attenuation by amrinone of the contractile response to transmural stimulation,
      noradrenaline and Ca2+ and the relaxation of a variety of arteries induced by
      amrinone may not be due to interference with the transmembrane influx of Ca2+ and
      intracellular accumulation of cyclic AMP but to a nonspecific action on arterial
      smooth muscle. Amrinone appears to increase the metabolic vasodilatation by
      potentiating the vasodilator action of adenosine.

PMID- 6584210
TI  - Inhibition of lactose-reversible adherence between Actinomyces viscosus and oral
      streptococci by salivary components.

PMID- 6584211
TI  - The effect of chlorhexidine on the colonization of the human and rat dentition by
      Actinomyces viscosus.

PMID- 6584212
TI  - Isolation of natural plaque-inhibiting substances from 'Nigerian chewing sticks'.

PMID- 6584213
TI  - The susceptibility of 'young' and 'old' human enamel to artificial caries in
      vitro.

PMID- 6584214
TI  - Variations in the mineral composition of human enamel on the level of cross
      striations and striae of Retzius.

PMID- 6584215
TI  - SIMS analysis of deciduous enamel from normal full-term infants, low birth weight
      infants and from infants with congenital hypothyroidism.

PMID- 6584216
TI  - Enamel and cementum fluoride uptake from a glass ionomer cement.

PMID- 6584217
TI  - Influence of a single intake of various test meals on secretion rate, buffer
      effect, and electrolytes of human stimulated whole saliva.

PMID- 6584218
TI  - Anti-cariogenic and remineralizing properties of xylitol in combination with
      sucrose in rats inoculated with Streptococcus mutans.

PMID- 6584219
TI  - Fluoride content of enamel during treatment and 2 years after discontinuation of
      treatment with fluoride varnishes.

PMID- 6584220
TI  - Whole saliva fluoride after toothbrushing with NaF and MFP dentifrices with
      different F concentrations.

PMID- 6584221
TI  - The ontogeny of thymic macrophages: thymic macrophages express Ia from 15 days
      gestation onwards in the mouse.
AB  - This study reports the isolation and enrichment of murine foetal thymic
      macrophages. The majority of enriched adherent cells of thymus from 15 days
      gestation onwards were classical macrophages as judged by phagocytosis as well as
      expression of F4.80 and Fc receptors. In addition, a proportion of foetal thymic
      macrophages was shown to be Ia+ by double labelling with latex particles and
      indirect immunofluorescence for surface Ia antigens, and using monoclonal
      antibodies, it was shown that the Ia+ cells expressed both I-A- and I-E-region
      coded determinants. The function of Ia+ macrophages in the developing thymus is
      discussed.

PMID- 6584222
TI  - Take cash when you can, credit only if you must.

PMID- 6584223
TI  - Orthodontic extrusion of endodontically treated anterior teeth.

PMID- 6584225
TI  - Good recall keeps them coming back.

PMID- 6584224
TI  - Labor laws: their impact on your dental practice.

PMID- 6584226
TI  - Let patients hear your smile.

PMID- 6584228
TI  - Computers: do they make a dentist's life easier?

PMID- 6584227
TI  - If you like what they're doing--tell them.

PMID- 6584229
TI  - [Subconjunctival Loa loa filariasis].

PMID- 6584230
TI  - Determination of urinary prostaglandin E2 by the use of prostaglandin F2 alpha
      antiserum and sodium borohydride.

PMID- 6584231
TI  - p-Nitrophenol sulfate conjugation with substrate inhibition in rat liver cytosol
      fraction.

PMID- 6584232
TI  - [Acute digestive complications in leukemic children. Apropos of a case of cecal
      necrosis].
AB  - A caecal necrosis attributed to a hemorrhagic infarct from the ileocaecal
      vascular thrombosis associated with lymphoblastic infiltration. Early surgical
      operation with supportive hematological measures is required when a acute abdomen
      is suspected cue to the poor prognosis of this complication when untreated.

PMID- 6584233
TI  - [Granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) of the uvea].

PMID- 6584234
TI  - Disposition of 14C-labelled 4'-epidoxorubicin and doxorubicin in the rat. A
      comparative study.
AB  - The disposition of 4'-epi-[14-14C]doxorubicinHCl (4'-epi-[14C]DXR) and [14
      14C]doxorubicinHCl [( 14C]DXR) was studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats given 1
      mg/kg body weight IV. Most of the radioactivity administered was recovered in the
      faeces (two-thirds of the dose within 6 days after administration), urine
      accounting for 15% of the 14C given during the same period. A significant amount
      of radioactivity was also found in expired air. Significantly higher levels of
      radioactivity were recorded in the plasma (40 min and 4 h) and liver (40 min) in
      [14C]DXR-treated animals, whereas in animals treated with 4'-epi-[14C]DXR a
      higher specific radioactivity was found in the kidneys (40 min and 4 h) and bone
      marrow (40 min). The total tissue residual radioactivity was greater (P less than
      0.05) at 24 h for [14C]DXR (45.8%) than for 4'-epi-[14C]DXR (38.6%). The main
      radioactive species in urines were the unchanged drugs. Minor metabolites were
      represented by a polar fraction, 13-dihydroderivatives, and aglycones. Whereas
      aglycones represent an important fraction of extractable tissue radioactivity in
      liver samples of many of the treated animals, the unchanged drug was invariably
      the major radioactive component in spleen, lung, and kidney. Liver extraction
      studies showed the presence of significant amounts of bound radioactivity that
      could be recovered in soluble form only after incubation with deoxyribonuclease.
      The main radioactive species present in the bile were the unchanged drug and a
      polar fraction. The amount of the former was higher in [14C]DXR-treated than in
      4'-epi-[14C]DXR-treated animals. On the other hand, partial glucuronidation of 4'
      epi-[14C]DXR was deduced on the basis of results of enzymic hydrolysis of bile
      samples.

PMID- 6584235
TI  - Antitumor activity and toxicity of ACNU, 3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5
      pyrimidinyl)methyl]-1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitroso urea hydrochloride, comparing two
      divided doses and a single dose.
AB  - In order to determine whether it is possible to reduce the toxicity of the
      nitrosoureas, including the delayed type of hematologic toxicity, without
      diminishing antitumor activity by administering the drug according to a new
      treatment schedule other than the single high-dose treatment schedule, we
      examined the antitumor activity against murine tumors and toxicities to host mice
      of a nitrosourea derivative, 3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-1-(2
      chloroethyl)-1- nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU), which was administered
      according to two divided doses schedule. Experimental results indicated that the
      toxicity of ACNU with respect to lethality, as well as weight loss of host mice,
      was alleviated by administering ACNU (IV) at one-half of LD10 (20 mg/kg) on 2
      successive days. However, no impairment of the antitumor activity of ACNU in
      various murine tumor systems was observed in comparison with that of ACNU
      administered according to the single high-dose schedule. The delayed type of
      hematologic toxicity (leukopenia) could not be alleviated by this treatment
      schedule.

PMID- 6584236
TI  - A phase-II clinical trial of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in advanced solid tumors.
AB  - Sixty-six patients with advanced solid tumors were treated with 4'-epi
      doxorubicin at a dose of 90 mg/m2 by rapid IV injection every 21 days until the
      disease had progressed or to a maximum cumulative dose of 540 mg/m2.
      Myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting, and alopecia were the almost frequent side
      effects, but their incidence seemed lower than that after a comparable dosage of
      doxorubicin. After a cumulative dose of 540 mg/m2 a significant decrease of QRS
      complex deflection on the electrocardiogram was detected, but no case of
      congestive heart failure was observed. Partial remission and minor remission were
      achieved, respectively, in nine (15%) and five (9%) out of 59 evaluable patients
      for a median duration of 6 months. Partial remission occurred in anthracycline
      sensitive tumors like breast cancer (4 of 13), lung cancer (1 of 17), head and
      neck cancer (1 of 8), gastric cancer (2 of 4), and ovarian cancer (1 of 1).

PMID- 6584237
TI  - Role of prostaglandins, histamine, and serotonin in the pathophysiology induced
      by Pasteurella hemolytica endotoxin in sheep.
AB  - Pasteurella hemolytica endotoxin (12 micrograms/kg) was infused intravenously
      into ewes over 500 min. Blood was sampled for 60 min before the infusion and at
      intervals during the infusion and for 1500 min postinfusion. The control values
      for plasma TxB2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGF2 alpha, and serotonin were 283 +/- 53
      pg/ml (mean +/- standard error of mean), 281 +/- 14 pg/ml, 199 +/- 27 pg/ml, and
      56.8 +/- 2.0 ng/ml, respectively. The plasma concentrations of TxB2, 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha, PGF2 alpha, and serotonin significantly increased to a maximum at 50 min
      of infusion to 359%, 344%, 313%, and 201% of the control, respectively. PGF2
      alpha and TxB2 returned to control levels at 300 min during infusion and 6-keto
      PGF1 alpha at 60 min postinfusion and serotonin at 100 min of infusion. Serotonin
      concentration decreased significantly at 450 min of infusion to 73% of control
      and returned to control level at 1500 min postinfusion. No significant changes
      were found in the plasma levels of PGE, histamine, and ACE activity. We conclude
      that release of TxA2, PGI2, PGF2 alpha, and serotonin may contribute to
      pathophysiology induced by P. hemolytica endotoxin in sheep.

PMID- 6584239
TI  - Mastering mistakes with X-rays.

PMID- 6584238
TI  - Establishing assertive behavior.

PMID- 6584240
TI  - The pregnant auxiliary: reducing risks in the office setting.

PMID- 6584241
TI  - Protection from x-rays used in dentistry.

PMID- 6584243
TI  - R.D.A. The concept, the definition.

PMID- 6584242
TI  - Training the new employee.

PMID- 6584244
TI  - Long-term follow-up of extended wear aphakic Permalenses.

PMID- 6584245
TI  - Inhibition of cholesterol oxidase in a patient with Cushing's syndrome.
AB  - Serum from a patient with Cushing's syndrome who was being treated with mitotane
      contained components that interfered with determination of cholesterol in the Du
      Pont aca. A measured concentration of cholesterol of 4.19 g/L in the undiluted
      serum increased to a calculated concentration of 9.50 g/L in diluted serum.
      Adding additional cholesterol oxidase (EC 1.1.3.6) overcame the reaction
      inhibition in the undiluted sample; adding additional cholesterol esterase (EC
      3.1.1.13) had no effect. There is the potential for clinically significant
      underestimation of cholesterol with the aca in such patients, because the
      interference may remain undetected. On the other hand, the aca accurately
      quantified undiluted specimens containing as much as 10 g of cholesterol per
      liter when mitotane was not present.

PMID- 6584246
TI  - Type of reading disability related to cleft type and neuropsychological patterns.
AB  - Two groups of cleft palate subtypes (cleft lip and palate and cleft palate only)
      with reading disability, matched for intelligence, age, sex, and reading level,
      were compared on reading and neuropsychological test variables. Subjects included
      14 males and 10 females of each cleft type ranging in age from 8 to 13. Results
      showed a significant difference between groups on most language measures and
      differences in reading comprehension and type of reading errors. Results suggest
      that children with cleft palate only constitute a language-disorder group with
      more severe reading disabilities. Children with cleft lip and palate are more
      likely to have verbal expressive deficits and milder reading problems, possibly
      related to peripheral speech mechanisms.

PMID- 6584247
TI  - The effects of increased nasal airway resistance on modeled velopharyngeal
      orifice area estimation.
AB  - Research has shown that cleft lip and palate individuals have higher nasal airway
      resistance than normal subjects (Warren, Duany, and Fischer, 1969). The present
      work examined the predictive nature of modeled velopharyngeal orifice area
      calculations obtained using the hydrokinetic equation (Warren and DuBois, 1964)
      under conditions simulating increased degrees of nasal obstruction. The results
      of this project suggested that Warren's hydrokinetic method can be used to obtain
      accurate estimates of velopharyngeal orifice area under conditions of increased
      nasal airway resistance when airflow rates are nonvariant.

PMID- 6584248
TI  - Other clinical applications of flexible fiberoptic endoscopy.
AB  - The recent advent of the flexible fiberoptic nasopharyngolaryngoscope has
      revolutionized the ability to examine the ear, nose, nasopharynx, and larynx.
      Although several instruments have been available to the otolaryngologist for
      examination of these structures, none has been so universal in terms of ease of
      use and adaptability for photography. This article describes the versatility and
      practicality of flexible fiberoptic endoscopy with photodocumentation in clinical
      otolaryngologic practice.

PMID- 6584249
TI  - Current clinical practices in the assessment of velopharyngeal closure.
AB  - A questionnaire designed to survey methods of assessing velopharyngeal closure
      and the extent of training and experience in velopharyngeal assessment was
      distributed to 256 randomly selected American Cleft Palate Association members.
      There was a 50% response rate and 94% of those responding were associated with
      cleft palate teams. Findings included the following: (1) the respondents rely
      primarily upon the use of listener judgments of spontaneous speech samples,
      phonological analysis, and lateral view cine/videofluoroscopy; (2) the majority
      spend thirty minutes or less on an average diagnostic evaluation of
      velopharyngeal competency; and (3) 45% feel that they are inadequately trained in
      assessment of velopharyngeal closure.

PMID- 6584250
TI  - African mask with cleft lip and palate.
AB  - An African mask depicting cleft lip and palate is described. This artifact has
      been used for entertainment by Fon tribe of Dohomey (Benin) in West Africa. The
      function and style of the mask is discussed.

PMID- 6584251
TI  - Occult submucous cleft palate.

PMID- 6584252
TI  - Articulatory events and neuromotor strategies.

PMID- 6584253
TI  - Barium sulphate coating of the nasopharynx in lateral view videofluoroscopy.
AB  - There is disagreement regarding the usefulness of barium nasopharyngeal coating
      for clinical velopharyngeal evaluation. One hundred and thirty lateral
      videofluoroscopic studies performed both with and without barium at the same
      sitting were reviewed to evaluate multiple structural and functional
      characteristics of velopharyngeal valving behavior during speech production.
      Clinical ratings of hypernasality were also available for 105 of the patients
      studied by x-ray. Agreement between ratings of hypernasality and radiographic
      evidence of VP incompetency did not differ with respect to the presence or
      absence of barium. However, velopharyngeal incompetence was generally judged to
      be greater when the barium coating was used. The barium coating also provided
      more information as to the presence or absence of Passavant's ridge, generalized
      posterior pharyngeal wall movement, and palatal asymmetry. However, because the
      barium may produce artifacts or occasionally obscure structures, we recommend
      that lateral videofluoroscopy be performed both with and without barium.

PMID- 6584254
TI  - Ichthyosis vulgaris with hypogenitalism and hypogonadism: evidence for different
      genotypes by lipoprotein electrophoresis and steroid sulfatase testing.
AB  - We report two cases with ichthyosis vulgaris, hypogenitalism and hypogonadism. So
      far, little endocrinological information has been available on this association
      and the exact type of ichthyosis was unknown. Our first patient suffered from
      very severe hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, whereas the second patient showed
      normal levels of luteinizing hormone, but slightly elevated follicle stimulating
      hormone values. In lipoprotein electrophoresis we found fast moving beta
      lipoproteins in the first patient and a normal electrophoretic mobility of pre-
      beta and beta-lipoproteins in the second patient. Correspondingly, steroid
      sulfatase (STS) testing revealed STS deficiency in the first patient and normal
      STS activity in the second patient, thus excluding X-linked recessive ichthyosis.
      These two different types in the association of ichthyosis with hypogenitalism
      and hypogonadism could not be discriminated by clinical, morphological and
      cytogenetic studies.

PMID- 6584255
TI  - Reticuloendothelial Fc receptor function in SLE patients. I. Primary HLA linked
      defect or acquired dysfunction secondary to disease activity?
AB  - Reticuloendothelial system (RES) Fc receptor-mediated immune clearance was
      measured in 18 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Only two
      patients, with major disease activity, had a prolonged T 1/2 of the blood
      disappearance curve of injected IgG coated red cells in comparison to 22 healthy
      controls. Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were studied with three methods: PEG
      precipitation, C1q-ELISA and the indirect granulocyte phagocytosis test (IGFT).
      The T 1/2 of the blood disappearance curve related significantly to the IGFT (r =
      0.55, P less than 0.05) and not to the PEG and C1q-ELISA test. Although HLA-DR3
      phenotype frequency was significantly increased in our SLE population (P less
      than 0.05), it was not related to Fc receptor function. Similarly, HLA-DR2
      phenotype was not related to RES Fc receptor function. These data do not support
      the concept that a genetic HLA linked defect in reticuloendothelial Fc receptor
      function is a primary cause of SLE, predisposing the inflicted individual to
      immune complex deposition. However, Fc receptor-mediated immune clearance seems
      to be related to disease activity itself and to levels of CIC.

PMID- 6584257
TI  - Allergic nephritis prevention by prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha.
AB  - The effects of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha on renal lesions induced by an anti
      rat serum were investigated in rats. It was found that these prostaglandins,
      administered concomitantly with the antiserum, were able to prevent or remarkably
      attenuate these lesions. A very interesting finding is that, after prostaglandin
      administration, no or insignificant morphological alterations of the kidney
      occurred, in spite of the fact that its mononuclear cell infiltration was
      somewhat persistent. Hence, in addition to the known effects of these
      prostaglandins on the immune response components, the blockade of cellular
      receptors for immunoglobulins is to be considered as a main mechanism in
      explaining their preventive action in allergic nephritis.

PMID- 6584256
TI  - Thymic hormone containing cells. IV. Fluctuations in the thyroid hormone levels
      in vivo can modulate the secretion of thymulin by the epithelial cells of young
      mouse thymus.
AB  - The influence of thyroid status on serum level and thymic content of thymulin, a
      thymic hormone, has been studied in young rats and mice treated by tri
      iodothyronine (T3) or 6N-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU). We showed that in vivo T3
      administration induces in young animals an increase of their thymulin serum
      levels and of the number of thymulin containing cells in their thymuses.
      Conversely, a treatment with PTU decreases the thymulin serum levels and the
      number of cells containing the hormone. These findings suggest that thyroid
      hormones stimulate the synthesis and secretion of thymulin and represent further
      evidence for the hormonal influence on the regulation of thymic endocrine
      secretion.

PMID- 6584258
TI  - Postirradiation parosteal osteosarcoma. A case report.
AB  - A 16-year-old Japanese boy received a high dose of radiation for treatment of
      eosinophilic granuloma in the femur at the age of two years. He presented with a
      parosteal osteosarcoma 14 years later. Although a number of cases of
      postirradiation osteosarcoma have been reported, reports of parosteal
      osteosarcoma following radiation therapy are rare.

PMID- 6584259
TI  - Use of the Kaplan-Meier estimate to reduce biases in estimating the rate of
      caries progression.
AB  - An important determinant of how often to perform dental radiography is how
      rapidly dental caries progress. Estimates of the rate of progression of dental
      caries have been biased by the elimination of filled lesions and non-progressing
      lesions (i.e. censored data) from the analysis. We illustrate the use of the
      Kaplan-Meier estimate to incorporate information from these cases and demonstrate
      the effect of using this information on estimates of the rate of progression of
      approximal caries.

PMID- 6584260
TI  - Study design to reduce biases in estimating the percentage of carious lesions
      that do not progress within a time period.
AB  - Much of the available information on the rate of caries progression comes from
      studies in which two examinations have been done and the percentage of lesions
      that do not progress from a carious state between the examinations recorded.
      Extrapolation from this type of study is subject to two offsetting biases. On the
      one hand, slow progressing lesions that have been in a state for a long time
      before the first examination may progress between examinations. When these are
      counted as lesions that progress within the time period between the two
      examinations, there will be an underestimation of non-progressing lesions. On the
      other hand, slow progressing lesions will be over-represented in the sample of
      lesions detected at the first examination. This will result in an overestimation
      of non-progressing lesions. We suggest a three examination protocol to minimize
      these biases.

PMID- 6584261
TI  - Systems for grading approximal carious lesions and overlaps diagnosed from
      bitewing radiographs. Proposals for future standardization.
AB  - The diagnosis of dental caries from bitewing radiographs has become an important
      and integral part of many clinical caries trials, particularly in longitudinal
      studies. Although many seemingly similar systems for grading the degrees of
      approximal lesions have been used, the diagnostic criteria employed often differ
      in a number of significant areas. A variety of different conventions have evolved
      for the treatment of: 1) overlapping surfaces, 2) lesions in the region of the
      ADJ, 3) subdivision of the radiographic enamel cap and 4) score transitions and
      caries progression systems. Direct intertrial comparisons may be invalidated by
      the use of incompatible grading systems. Whilst one rigid grading system will not
      be suitable for all clinical trials, the use of the appropriate scoring codes and
      criteria from a standard system may greatly facilitate the comparison and
      interpretation of results. A comprehensive standard system for the grading and
      scoring of radiographic diagnoses (compatible with the existing WHO
      recommendations for the grading of clinically diagnosed lesions) is proposed.

PMID- 6584262
TI  - Computerized method for the graphic representation of multivariate periodontal
      data.
AB  - Appreciation of the multivariate features of data from periodontal research
      studies is sometimes difficult. This appears to be due to the form of tables and
      graphs in which information is made available in published studies. A
      computerized graphical technique, which appears well suited to the multivariable
      situation, is described. It uses structural analogy between the measurement
      scales and the variables measured and provides what can be a compelling iconic
      description of multifaceted data.

PMID- 6584263
TI  - Tooth mortality in plantation workers and residents in Sri Lanka.
AB  - The tooth mortality of 787 Sri Lanka tea plantation workers and residents aged
      between 15 and 85 yr was studied in terms of missing teeth as well as teeth
      requiring extraction for various reasons. The mean number of missing teeth per
      person was 6.7 +/- 9.0. A pattern relating actual tooth loss and tooth loss
      adjusted to take account of teeth needing extraction was observed. Such
      adjustment increased the mean number of missing teeth per person by about two
      teeth in most age groups. The age specific pattern of tooth loss was calculated.
      There was an abrupt increase in tooth mortality at the ages 45-54. The age
      specific tooth mortality for the Sri Lankan group was consistently less than for
      people in several Western countries. These trends were also apparent in the
      mortality pattern of individual tooth types. Although there was a tendency for
      more women to be edentulous, a significantly higher proportion of women than men
      had a full complement of teeth.

PMID- 6584264
TI  - Prevalence and distribution of traumatic injuries to the permanent teeth of
      Dominican children from private schools.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to describe by age and sex, the prevalence,
      etiology, distribution and type of injury to permanent incisors of children from
      private schools of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, located in the Caribbean
      archipelago. The sample consisted of 1633 children, 5-14 yr enrolled in several
      private schools of Santo Domingo. The prevalence of injury was 10.0% (5.0% in
      boys and 5.1% in girls). The largest number of injuries was found in the 5- and 6
      yr-old children, followed by the 7- and 8-yr-olds. There was no significant
      difference in the number of teeth injured in both sexes (0.1%). The most common
      type of injury in both sexes was concussion (42.7%) with no significant
      difference between sexes (5.7%). The most common cause of injury in both sexes
      was falling against an object (77.8% in boys and 78.3% in girls). Most boys
      injured their teeth playing baseball (86.4%) and most girls playing on roller
      skates (72.3%). More girls suffered injuries (not significantly) with the ratio
      of boys to girls being 0.91 to 1.

PMID- 6584265
TI  - Fissure sealing of permanent first molars in children receiving a high standard
      of prophylactic care.
AB  - The efficiency of sealing the occlusal fissures of permanent first molars was
      studied in a group of patients 6-9 yr of age receiving a high standard of
      prophylactic care. Very soon after the eruption one of the teeth in a
      homomaxillary pair was sealed, and the contralateral was used for control. The
      control teeth were painted with a fluoride varnish (Duraphat) every 6 months
      during the trial. 210 sites in 121 children were sealed and followed for a mean
      observation period of 23 months. At the end of the study, the retention rate was
      62.9%, the percentage of effectiveness 24.2%, and the net gain 7.1%. The dmft
      index (primary molars and canines) was recorded for each patient at the time
      sealing was performed. A relationship between the caries prevalence in the
      primary teeth and the susceptibility for fissure caries in the control teeth was
      found. Effectiveness and net gain was highest in the group of children with 3-6
      dmft.

PMID- 6584266
TI  - Long-term effect of intensive caries prophylaxis.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to examine the long-term effect of intensive
      caries prophylaxis. A preventive program mainly based on professional
      toothcleaning was demonstrated to be highly effective against caries incidence
      over a 2-yr period. Five years after the termination of the test period 519
      subjects, 17-21 yr of age, were reexamined. The results showed that 1) the smooth
      surface caries prevalence was very low, 2) a high number of the carious lesions
      became arrested with time, 3) a long-term effect seemed to be obtained in
      subjects at a high caries risk, and 4) salivary S. mutans and lactobacilli could
      be used for caries prediction over a 7-yr period.

PMID- 6584267
TI  - Trends in the development of oral hygiene habits in Finnish adolescents from 1977
      to 1981.
AB  - The aim of this study (part of the Juvenile Health Habit Study) was to analyze
      changes in how frequently certain oral hygiene measures are used, namely
      toothbrushing and dental flossing in 1977-81. A representative sample of Finnish
      adolescents aged 12, 14, 16 and 18 yr old, were sent a postal questionnaire in
      February 1977 (n = 3209), another in February 1979 (n = 4953), and a third one in
      February 1981 (n = 4705). The response rates for the three questionnaires were
      88%, 86% and 88%, respectively. During the years studied no systematic changes
      occurred in the toothbrushing frequency. When the background factors that are
      highly correlated with toothbrushing frequency (school career or school success
      of adolescents, householder's occupation and education, place of residence) were
      studied, no consistent changes were observed from 1977 to 1981. The percentage of
      adolescents who used dental floss daily did not change. However, the proportion
      of sporadic users of dental floss increased from 13% in 1979 to 24% in 1981.
      Dental health education had little effect on toothbrushing habits and its
      background variables, although the amount of time spent in dental health
      education during the same period had increased significantly. Programs of dental
      health education should be evaluated so that the situation can be improved in the
      future.

PMID- 6584268
TI  - Effect of occlusal treatment on sick leaves in TMJ dysfunction patients with head
      and neck symptoms.
AB  - The aim of the study was to test the effect of occlusal treatment on sick leaves
      utilized in clinically diagnosed TMJ dysfunction patients who had had sick leaves
      for head and neck symptoms. The patient population differed clearly from a
      typical TMJ dysfunction clientele. Qualitative statistical analysis disclosed a
      significant reduction in sick leaves granted in the treatment group (n = 28). The
      result was corroborated by quantitative statistical analysis. No change was
      observed in the control group (n = 25). The changes in the number of days on sick
      leave and in the signs of dysfunction during the follow-up year showed a tendency
      to covariation. Since there was little reason to suspect that the placebo effect
      would have been greater in the treatment group than in the control group, it was
      concluded that the occlusal treatment could have eliminated some of the causes
      for sick leaves.

PMID- 6584269
TI  - Attitudes of school personnel and parents toward a school-based fluoride
      mouthrinse program.
AB  - A study was conducted to assess the attitudes of school personnel and parents
      toward a school-based fluoride mouthrinse (FMR) program. The responses were
      obtained by administering a questionnaire to school personnel and parents of an
      urban school system. The responses of the school personnel indicate that they
      support the FMR program as it is currently structured; they perceive that the
      program does not interfere with the education of the students and they have
      willingly participated in the program. The school personnel do not oppose
      governmental participation in such a program, but they believe that parents
      should be responsible for their children's oral health. Parents are supportive of
      the FMR program as a means of preventing dental problems and improving children's
      oral health. The parents do not object to governmental involvement and funding of
      the program. They do not perceive the cost of operating the program as excessive
      in relation to the expected benefits.

PMID- 6584270
TI  - Dental anxiety, the parental family and regularity of dental attendance.
AB  - A survey was carried out among 25-yr-old inhabitants of Amsterdam in order to
      study the relationship between regularity of dental attendance on the one hand
      and dental anxiety, dental upbringing of the respondents, dental behavior of the
      parents, education, sex, and the interactions between these independents, on the
      other. The data were analyzed hierarchically with regression analysis, the
      logistic approach. Dental anxiety, sex, dental upbringing and the interaction
      between education and anxiety, in that order, were found to be of importance for
      the prediction of regularity of dental attendance. Two other terms, though
      lacking substantial standardized regression coefficients, namely education and
      the interaction between education and dental upbringing, are also present in the
      model found. The prediction of one being a regular attender is satisfactory, but
      the classification of the irregular attenders is disappointing. The effect is
      discussed of the rather large non-response and attention is given to the effect
      of dental upbringing in regard to coping resources in the dental situation. It
      has to be concluded that other factors must be included to achieve an improvement
      of the classification of the irregular attenders. Dental anxiety, although of
      importance, cannot account for an adequate differentiation between regular and
      irregular attenders.

PMID- 6584271
TI  - Mathematical description and use in forecasting of the caries curve.
AB  - Caries curves drawn from empirical prevalences (DMFT counts) of US and Hungarian
      males as well as females, and British male-female combined samples were
      satisfactorily described by the transformed truncated Cauchy function: y = 1 + c
      [-1/2 + 1/pi arc tan (a x + b)]. The parameters a, b, and c, respectively, were
      determined by a computer with the least squares' method. Of these descriptive
      models, prevalences at specified ages (covered in the original reports) were
      read, and additionally the half-life values and maximum yearly relative
      increments of decay (with the age of their occurrence). The mean deviation of all
      individual readings in the five models from the observed prevalences was 3.6%
      only. In each sample, thereafter, relying upon empirical DMF counts in only five
      juvenile cohorts, analogous models, referred to as predictory, were constructed
      by the computer, and their extrapolated right tails were compared both with the
      empirical DMF counts and with the descriptive models. Slight deviations were
      experienced, the mean deviation of all readings from the empirical counts being
      4.5%. Accordingly, predictions of future caries prevalence (in later adolescence
      in the US samples, and adulthood in all five ones) were feasible relying on DMFT
      counts. By the predictory models a trend to improving dental health was
      demonstrated in the American samples (based on the 1971-74 survey) whereas for
      the other three populations a further rise of caries prevalence was forecast in
      adults. Merits and limitations of such predictions as well as an improved new
      procedure used in the comparisons ("penalty points method"), taking into account
      clinical requirements, were discussed.

PMID- 6584272
TI  - Electrophysiologic abnormalities in patients with eating disorders.

PMID- 6584273
TI  - [Selected problems with regard to the reaction of fluoride ions with the enamel].

PMID- 6584274
TI  - [The resistance of deciduous tooth enamel to acid activity].

PMID- 6584275
TI  - [Dental service utilization by a population of 35-44-year-olds in the city of
      Lodz and in the province of Piotrkow].

PMID- 6584276
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of tumor-like lesions of jaws].

PMID- 6584277
TI  - [Masseter muscle hypertrophy in patients at the Department of Maxillary Surgery,
      Institute of Stomatology, Medical Academy in Gdansk].

PMID- 6584278
TI  - [Coexistence of malocclusion and articulation disorders in preschool children].

PMID- 6584279
TI  - [Angles of inclination of the axes of teeth and the buds of permanent teeth in
      pantomographs in normal occlusion in the early period of tooth eruption].

PMID- 6584280
TI  - [Tooth surface morphology in periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6584281
TI  - [Incidence of caries and periodontal diseases in patients with hemophilia].

PMID- 6584282
TI  - [Submucous injections of vitamin B12 and hydrocortisone in cases of recurrent
      aphthae].

PMID- 6584283
TI  - [The effect of fluoride on metabolism].

PMID- 6584284
TI  - [Compounds alleviating the effects caused by fluoride intolerance].

PMID- 6584285
TI  - [Effect of fluoride on the human body].

PMID- 6584286
TI  - [Experimental evaluation of the effect of calcium carbonate during sodium
      fluoride toxicity].

PMID- 6584287
TI  - [Caries fluoride prophylaxis under changing conditions in the natural human
      environment].

PMID- 6584288
TI  - [Biological availability of fluoride in humans].

PMID- 6584289
TI  - [The effect of fluoride on bone and joint structures in man].

PMID- 6584290
TI  - [Trigeminal nerve neuralgia in the case material at the Clinic of Maxillofacial
      Surgery].

PMID- 6584291
TI  - [The application of a myocutaneous island flap from the pectoralis major muscle
      in the reconstruction of a defect of the chin and neck].

PMID- 6584292
TI  - [Criteria for the evaluation of leukoplakia as a oral precancerous condition].

PMID- 6584293
TI  - [Social class and dental and occlusal conditions].

PMID- 6584294
TI  - [Analysis of disorders of the structure of the musculoskeletal stomatognathic
      system in adolescents based on epidemiological studies].

PMID- 6584296
TI  - [Difficult problems of current fluoride prevention of dental caries. 6. Opponents
      of fluoride prevention].

PMID- 6584295
TI  - [Maxillo-orthopaedic management after surgical treatment for epulis].

PMID- 6584297
TI  - [The leukemic retinal infiltrate: a rare extramedullary non-occult manifestation
      of leukemia?].

PMID- 6584298
TI  - [Chromosome anomalies in chronic myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6584299
TI  - [Experimental studies of the abrasion effect between dental enamel and dental
      ceramic].

PMID- 6584300
TI  - [Need for prosthetic management among young people].

PMID- 6584301
TI  - [Significance of the modulus of elasticity for the marginal strength of
      composites (2)].

PMID- 6584302
TI  - [Freedom from caries in poor oral hygiene].

PMID- 6584303
TI  - [Occupationally caused abrasion lesions in stone masons and stone cutters].

PMID- 6584304
TI  - [Effect of various fissure sealants after 1 year].

PMID- 6584305
TI  - [Somatic radiation risk from dental x-ray studies].

PMID- 6584306
TI  - [Measurements of dental stress resistance at various stages in aging].

PMID- 6584307
TI  - [Hazards of infections from bacteria, fungi and amebae in the cooling and rinse
      waters of dental units].

PMID- 6584308
TI  - [Case of extreme supernumerary teeth].

PMID- 6584309
TI  - A pattern reversal stimulator using optical fibers.
AB  - A combination of light emitting diodes, as light sources, and optical fibers, as
      channels for the emitted light to form patterns, has resulted in a pattern
      reversal stimulator that is miniature in size, has pattern color options, is low
      in power requirements, and hence in possible stimulus artifacts. In addition, the
      use of optical fibers enables better separation of pattern elements and easier
      focusing on the pattern. The stimulator incorporates all the assets of previous
      versions of miniature pattern stimulators, is comparable or even less in price,
      and can interface with commercial averagers.

PMID- 6584310
TI  - Cardiotoxicity of anthracyclines.

PMID- 6584312
TI  - Involvement of endogenous enkephalins in the mouse 'behavioral despair' test.
AB  - In the mouse 'behavioral despair' test the immobility time was shortened by [D
      Ala2,Met5]enkephalin at doses which did not modify locomotor activity. Similarly,
      the inhibitors of the enzymes degrading enkephalins, thiorphan and/or bestatin
      were effective. Their effect was antagonized by naloxone. We conclude that
      endogenous enkephalins are implicated in the 'behavioral despair' test.

PMID- 6584313
TI  - Influence of fluoxymesterone on in vitro erythropoiesis affected by leukemic
      cells.
AB  - To investigate the influence of nonlymphocytic leukemic cells on normal
      erythropoietic burst-forming units (BFU-E), we cocultured leukemic cells at
      concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 X 10(5)/ml with 2 X 10(5) blood
      mononuclear cells or marrow nucleated cells from normal subjects in a BFU-E
      assay. The inhibitory effect of leukemic cells on burst formation by normal BFU-E
      was detected only at a high concentration (5 X 10(5)/ml). Leukemic-cell
      conditioned medium (LCCM) was prepared by adding 1.25-10 X 10(6)/ml leukemic
      cells to culture medium. LCCM caused a dose-dependent inhibition of burst
      formation by normal BFU-E, but the medium prepared from normal cells did not. To
      examine the influence of fluoxymesterone (FM) on the inhibition of burst
      formation, we added 10(-10)-10(-7) M FM to the culture medium. Inhibition of
      burst formation by normal BFU-E was reduced from 73.4% to 58.2%-63.1%. These
      results suggest that FM stimulates proliferation and differentiation of normal
      BFU-E that are affected by inhibitory factors produced by leukemic cells.

PMID- 6584311
TI  - Serum C-reactive protein levels in the management of infection in acute
      leukaemia.
AB  - C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured serially in 29 patients with acute
      leukaemia. Sixty-four febrile episodes (greater than or equal to 38 degrees C)
      occurred during 37 periods of neutropenia (less than 0.5 X 10(9)/l). In all of 41
      microbiologically or clinically documented infections the maximum CRP level
      exceeded 30 mg/l, and in 25 it was greater than 100 mg/l. In no case in which the
      CRP level remained below 30 mg/l for 48 hr after the onset of fever was any
      clinical or microbiological evidence of infection obtained. The CRP level during
      documented infection began to fall 24-48 hr after appropriate treatment was
      begun. A CRP level above 30 mg/l in neutropenic patients was associated with
      early recurrence of fever if systemic antibiotics were discontinued. Graft-vs
      host disease, without infection, did not result in high levels of CRP.

PMID- 6584314
TI  - [Methods for the clinical study of dental hygiene materials].

PMID- 6584315
TI  - [Cervicofacial toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 6584316
TI  - [Management of myoarthropathy caused by the absence of a supporting area].

PMID- 6584317
TI  - [Dental anomalies from the records of a district dentist. 2. Taurodontism].

PMID- 6584318
TI  - [Crown measurements of the upper molars and distances between crown surface and
      dental pulp chamber].

PMID- 6584319
TI  - [Maxillofacial orthopantomography].

PMID- 6584320
TI  - [Management of adult asymmetry].

PMID- 6584321
TI  - Bleaching today.

PMID- 6584322
TI  - Dean Legler--the new "kid" in school. Interview by Paula Stahel Willson.

PMID- 6584323
TI  - The present trend to increase emphasis on the role of the general dentist.

PMID- 6584324
TI  - Are you ready for an associate?

PMID- 6584325
TI  - Hepatitis B--problems and progress.

PMID- 6584326
TI  - Collections: an opportunity to shine or the dirtiest job on the house?

PMID- 6584327
TI  - The legal rights of dental assistants.

PMID- 6584328
TI  - Take a break before you have to.

PMID- 6584331
TI  - Stress management.

PMID- 6584330
TI  - Mutual understanding: the key to job satisfaction.

PMID- 6584329
TI  - Are you burning out in your career?

PMID- 6584332
TI  - Collection agencies and skip tracing: methods of last resort.

PMID- 6584333
TI  - The legal rights of dental assistants.

PMID- 6584334
TI  - Psychological acquisition and treatment of dental anxiety.

PMID- 6584335
TI  - Survival of the fittest: a short guide to job interviewing.

PMID- 6584336
TI  - Plan now for the coming business boom.

PMID- 6584337
TI  - Finding a financial planner can be a very, very rewarding experience.

PMID- 6584338
TI  - Labs can profit from dental centers.

PMID- 6584339
TI  - Prospecting.

PMID- 6584340
TI  - Oral anatomy.

PMID- 6584341
TI  - The dental technician and the dentist: a necessary relationship with not-so
      necessary problems.

PMID- 6584343
TI  - A modified class III cavity preparation and composite resin filling technique for
      primary incisors.

PMID- 6584342
TI  - Restoration of primary teeth with amalgam.
AB  - Dental amalgam used by the dentist as a restorative material should meet the
      following criteria: (1) a reduced risk of marginal failure with a minimal risk of
      recurrent caries, (2) resistance to creep and corrosion, and (3) the
      characteristics for mixing, inserting, and polishing that are optimally
      duplicated. To achieve these criteria, the optimal amalgam technique includes the
      use of the following: Rubber dam whenever possible Conservative cavity
      preparations to offset the amalgam's inherent weak physical properties A high
      copper alloy combined with the appropriate amount of mercury for optimal
      plasticity and to reduce susceptibility to creep and corrosion Trituration,
      precondensation, and condensation methods that are consistently practiced by the
      dental assistant and dentist A burnishing scheme combined with a subsequent
      polishing method to complete the final amalgam restoration.

PMID- 6584344
TI  - Dental caries patterns in preschool children.
AB  - Management of dental caries as a disease requires the same level of skill and
      broad perspective as managing many other diseases. Dental caries has several
      variations, four of which were presented here. Long-term outlook for children
      with two of the caries patterns (those secondary to fissure defects or
      hypoplastic defects) is good if the teeth are restored. Management of children
      with nursing caries often involves dealing with well-intentioned but
      overindulgent parents. Prevention of nursing caries goes beyond simply informing
      the parents of potential dangers from excessive feeding with the bottle.
      Hypoplastic defects can resemble nursing caries; the differentiation is important
      in treating the child. The child with extensive proximal molar lesions may be the
      most difficult to manage on a long-term basis. A successful prevention program
      will mean a change in life style for the parent and child. The child with a cleft
      lip and/or palate has the disadvantages of enamel defects and a significant
      medical condition inviting overindulgence.

PMID- 6584345
TI  - Dental radiology for children.
AB  - The benefit for the child from the judicious use of diagnostic dental radiography
      is improved dental health. The risk to the child from dental diagnostic radiation
      exposure appears to be extremely low. Despite the low risk, the dentist must
      minimize the child's exposure to ionizing radiation by using sound clinical
      judgment to determine what radiographs are necessary and to provide children with
      optimal protection from ionizing radiation.

PMID- 6584346
TI  - Intraoral or panoramic radiography?
AB  - When panoramic radiographs are used to replace full-mouth radiographic series for
      the pediatric patient, certain advantages and disadvantages of this technique
      should be understood. The panoramic exposure offers ease of operation, shorter
      working time, and greater coverage than does the intraoral full-mouth series.
      However, certain shortcomings are noted. Rotations of maxillary premolars appear
      where there are none, and confusion exists in the anterior region about rotated
      teeth. Supernumerary teeth are frequently missed on the panoramic film in the
      anterior region. Because of this it is wise to supplement the panoramic image
      with anterior periapical films. Posterior bitewing films are a necessary
      supplement to the panoramic examination and with them interproximal caries,
      periapical lesions, and other details not visualized on the panoramic film are
      noted. It is imperative that the dentist understand confusing panoramic images
      that result from motion, superimposed structures, and apparent rotations, so that
      missed diagnoses do not occur.

PMID- 6584347
TI  - Treatment of ectopically erupting permanent molars.
AB  - Eruption of a first permanent molar ectopically is a common occurrence in any
      office in which a significant number of children are treated. Approximately 65
      per cent of the ectopically erupting molars will self-correct. It is imperative
      that the dentist closely examine all preschool children to determine the
      possibility that the condition will occur and follow the child closely to
      determine the subsequent need for treatment. If clinical treatment is advisable
      the dentist can use a modified version of the Humphrey appliance to successfully
      and rapidly correct ectopically erupting molars with relative ease.

PMID- 6584348
TI  - The distribution of anomalies of primary anterior teeth and their effect on the
      permanent successors.

PMID- 6584349
TI  - Behavior management of children.

PMID- 6584350
TI  - The gingiva as an indicator of general disease.

PMID- 6584351
TI  - The dental hygienist flight manual.

PMID- 6584352
TI  - Relocation: making the right choice.

PMID- 6584353
TI  - Time to plan IRA strategy for 1984.

PMID- 6584354
TI  - The importance of practice evaluation.

PMID- 6584355
TI  - Lower the costs of property insurance.

PMID- 6584356
TI  - A path to success.

PMID- 6584357
TI  - Solo practitioners boost incomes.

PMID- 6584358
TI  - The cephalometric projection. Part II. Principles of image distortion in
      cephalography.

PMID- 6584359
TI  - Odontomas and their pathological sequels.

PMID- 6584360
TI  - Ridge resorption in denture wearers after vestibuloplasty and lowering of the
      floor of the mouth, measured on panoramic radiographs.

PMID- 6584361
TI  - Real, double, and ghost images in rotational panoramic radiography.

PMID- 6584362
TI  - Panoramic exposure techniques using an intraoral tube.

PMID- 6584363
TI  - A method of increasing the anterior layer thickness in rotational panoramic
      radiography.

PMID- 6584364
TI  - The use of film holding, beam collimating and aiming devices in bitewing
      radiography. A suggested design for routine and research use.

PMID- 6584365
TI  - A clinical evaluation of proposed panoramic surveys using fine detail imaging.
      Dental magnification radiography versus rotational panoramic radiography.

PMID- 6584366
TI  - Dominant craniometaphyseal dysplasia. Literature review and case report.

PMID- 6584367
TI  - Glucocorticoid sulphotransferases in rats and other animal species.

PMID- 6584368
TI  - HLA-A, B, C and DR antigens in young South African blacks with Type 1 (insulin
      dependent) diabetes mellitus.
AB  - The HLA status of South African black Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic
      patients with age of onset under 35 years was compared with that of healthy black
      control subjects. HLA-A, B and C antigens were determined in 94 patients and 995
      control subjects, while DR typing was carried out on 56 patients and 195 control
      subjects. There was a significant increase in the frequency of DR4 in patients as
      compared with control subjects (p less than 0.01; relative risk 3.4). DR3/DR4
      heterozygosity was associated with a greater relative risk for developing Type 1
      diabetes mellitus (3.7) than the presence of DR3 alone (relative risk 1.6). A
      significant negative association was observed between the presence of BW42 and
      Type 1 diabetes in this population sample (p less than 0.04; relative risk 0.3).
      A similar trend was observed with regard to DR2, the corrected p value just
      attaining statistical significance (p less than 0.05; relative risk 0.1).

PMID- 6584369
TI  - The mucoepidermoid tumour of the minor salivary glands.

PMID- 6584370
TI  - Personal views on the teaching of dental materials to undergraduate dental
      students.

PMID- 6584371
TI  - The woman dental student--a report.

PMID- 6584372
TI  - For the new graduate--purchasing a practice.

PMID- 6584373
TI  - A note on polymorphism: the ability to smell urinary metabolites of asparagus.

PMID- 6584374
TI  - A note on taste blindness in Johannesburg Chinese schoolchildren.

PMID- 6584375
TI  - Oral involvement in Crohn's disease and coeliac disease.

PMID- 6584376
TI  - Staff meetings: your catalyst for practice efficiency.

PMID- 6584377
TI  - Ulcer on the tip of the tongue.

PMID- 6584378
TI  - Adults' fear of dentistry: origins and characteristics.

PMID- 6584379
TI  - Clinical evaluation of temporomandibular disorders.

PMID- 6584380
TI  - Using hyperplastic tissue to restore the vestibular fornix in the edentulous
      ridge.

PMID- 6584382
TI  - Cleidocranial dysostosis: a nearly unrecognized case.

PMID- 6584383
TI  - Periodontal surgery: an adjunct to amalgam restoration of posterior teeth.

PMID- 6584381
TI  - The inferior alveolar block: effect on the dentist's heart rate.

PMID- 6584384
TI  - Radiolucent-radiopaque periapical lesions: a diagnostic challenge.

PMID- 6584386
TI  - Recurrent aphthous stomatitis, recurrent aphthous ulcers, recurrent oral ulcers,
      aphthae, canker sores.

PMID- 6584385
TI  - [Structural analysis of the correlations of genetic markers with physiological
      indices].
AB  - The structure of phenotypic and genetic correlations between ABO blood groups,
      MN, Rh(D), haptoglobins and concentration indications of the total cholesterol,
      of sugar curve, the levels of systolic and diastolic arterial pressure was
      studied in twins by the method for cluster analysis (121 monozygotic twin pairs,
      120 dizygotic like sex twin pairs and 107 pairs of unlike sex twins). No
      correlation between the systems analysed and their indications on the phenotypic
      level was observed. By analysis of genetic correlations, the existence of
      correlations between the Rh system and arterial pressure, and the total
      cholesterol concentration, as well as between the ABO system and sugar
      concentration indexes, was established. Possible genetic causes for correlations
      obtained are being discussed.

PMID- 6584387
TI  - Histogenesis, cytodifferentiation, and its subcellular steroidogenic sites in the
      virilizing ovarian Leydig cell tumor: light microscopic dry-mounting
      radioautography for [3H]cholesterol and electron microscopic cytochemistry for 3
      beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity.
AB  - A case of a virilizing ovarian Leydig cell tumor in a 38-year-old woman with a
      marked elevated plasma testosterone level was investigated using light
      microscopic dry-mounting radioautography and electron microscopic cytochemistry.
      Following a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, the
      plasma testosterone level decreased abruptly. Light microscopic dry-mounting
      radioautography for [3H]cholesterol showed silver grains localized mainly over
      the cytoplasm of the neoplastic Leydig cells which were of three different cell
      types: fibroblast-like cells, Leydig cells (steroid-secreting cells), and
      transitional cells (partially or incompletely differentiated Leydig cells).
      Reaction products for 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity were localized
      on the tubular or lamellar cristae and inner membranes of the mitochondria, and
      on the membranes of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the transitional cell as well
      as in the Leydig cell. From these observations, it is suggested that the Leydig
      cell tumor is derived from the fibroblast-like cell and from the transitional
      cell, morphologically falling between the fibroblast-like cell and the Leydig
      cell, has fine structural evidence of steroidogenic activity, and has an ability
      to secrete testosterone.

PMID- 6584388
TI  - Chemosensitivity testing of nonsolid tumors by the subrenal-capsule implant
      assay.
AB  - A procedure to test chemosensitivity of nonsolid tumors using the subrenal
      capsule xenograft assay has been developed. This technique is applicable to the
      study of malignant effusions and hematopoietic tumors. The tumor cells are
      centrifuged to form a pellet and the pellet is resuspended in the presence of
      bovine fibrinogen to form a jelled clot. This clot is cut into fragments which
      are implanted beneath the renal capsule of normal mice. The growth of the tumor
      cells from ovarian adenocarcinoma obtained from ascitic fluid is better than that
      of tumor fragments from the solid tumors. This is probably a reflection of the
      greater viability of tumor cells from ascitic fluids. The sensitivity to
      chemotherapy was the same for the solid tumor and its malignant effusions.

PMID- 6584389
TI  - The influence of prostaglandin antagonists on radiation therapy of carcinoma of
      the cervix.
AB  - In a random trial of 160 women undergoing radiation therapy for carcinoma of the
      cervix of all stages 76 individuals were treated with 3 X 100 mg oxyphenbutazone
      daily and 84 individuals served as controls. Reevaluation shows a significantly
      better 5- and 10-year-survival rate of 70 and 62% in the treatment group,
      compared to 55 and 44% in the control group. The mode of action of
      oxyphenbutazone consists of the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.
      Improvement of survival rates is explained by two theories: (1) slowing of tumor
      spread by inhibition of necessary prostaglandins; and (2) improvement of cell
      repair after radiation therapy.

PMID- 6584390
TI  - Establishment and characterization of ovarian endometrioid carcinoma cell line.
AB  - Ascitic fluid was obtained from a patient with ovarian endometrioid carcinoma.
      The cells obtained from the fluid were cultured in Eagle's minimum essential
      medium containing 15% fetal calf serum at 37 degrees C under humidified 5% CO2
      and 95% air. Epithelial colonies grew rapidly in the primary culture and we were
      able to remove them from the dish without contamination of fibroblastic cells. In
      the subculturing process, the cells were allowed to proliferate for over 2 years,
      developing 40 transfer generations. The morphology, chromosomes, and hormonal
      responses of the ensuing cell line were then documented.

PMID- 6584391
TI  - Electromyographical study of uterine activity in the human during labour induced
      by prostaglandin F2 alpha.
AB  - In full-term pregnant women, electrical and mechanical activity of the uterus was
      monitored throughout the course of labour promoted by intravenous infusion of Pg
      F2 alpha. The recorded potentials were mostly biphasic and characterized by their
      long duration ranging from 1 to 2s. A wide range of potential amplitudes (100
      microV to 1.8 mV) was observed according to the various patients. Early at the
      beginning of labour induction, the electrical complexes firing at various uterine
      sites were proved to be in close relationship and also well correlated with the
      mechanical events. This feature remained unchanged during labour. Potential
      amplitudes also remained unchanged during the same period of time. Under these
      conditions, improvement of uterine coordination does not appear to be the
      mechanism by which the increase of uterine contractile strength, necessary to
      expel the fetus, is obtained at the end of gestation.

PMID- 6584392
TI  - Estriol and cholic acid in maternal serum in induced labor.
AB  - Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), but not oxytocin, treatment to induce parturition
      brought about an increase (p less than 0.001) in maternal serum levels of total
      estrogens (conjugated and nonconjugated estriol). There was no increase in
      nonconjugated estriol. To explore if the changes were related to an altered
      enterohepatic circulation, cholic acid assay in maternal serum was used. There
      were no changes in cholic acid which parallelled those in total estrogens. It is
      concluded that PGE2 does not appear to affect enterohepatic circulation of
      steroids, and it is suggested that the increase in total estrogens may be caused
      by changes in the kidney excretion of estriol.

PMID- 6584393
TI  - Myometrial response to prostaglandins during labor.
AB  - The myometrial response to prostaglandins (PGs) before labor has been studied
      earlier in this laboratory by the use of a superfusion technique. In the present
      investigation the same technique was used to explore the contractile effect of
      PGE2 and PGF2 alpha on myometrial strips obtained during active, spontaneous
      labor. Both PGE2 and PGF2 alpha had a marked stimulatory effect on strips from
      the upper uterine segment. The lower segment reacted to PGE2 by inhibition but
      not at all or slightly stimulatory to PGF2 alpha. Oxytocin constantly induced an
      excitatory response in both segments. The results support the concept of a
      prostaglandin-mediated 'fundal dominance' during labor and indicate that PGs
      contribute to a relaxation of the lower uterine segment. Taken together with
      previously obtained data the present results provide evidence for a critical
      change in myometrial responsiveness to prostaglandins by the time of parturition.

PMID- 6584395
TI  - JCAH launches pilot test of survey tailored for multis.

PMID- 6584394
TI  - [Evaluation of radiation immunochemotherapy in the treatment of malignant glioma.
      Combined use of ACNU, VCR and PS-K].
AB  - In a follow up study of 38 patients with supratentrial malignant glioma verified
      histologically during the 3 years from 1979 to 1982, the same therapeutic method
      which was the postoperative synchronized radiation-immunochemotherapy was
      applied. And we investigated the relationships between the survival rate and the
      histological malignancy, the operative area, and age of admission. Total dose of
      5000 to 6000 rad radiation was given after surgery. 0.02 mg/kg of VCR was
      administered intravenously on the first and the 29th day of radiation, and 2
      mg/kg of ACNU was administered intravenously 24 hours after VCR administration.
      After synchronized radiotherapy, 2 mg/kg of ACNU was given every 6 weeks and 3 g
      of PS-K was given orally every day. Dose of PS-K was increased especially during
      the radiation and for 2 weeks after ACNU administration. This
      radioimmunochemotherapy was applied to 38 patients with malignant glioma, 25
      cases of glioblastoma multiforme, 12 cases of malignant astrocytoma, one cases of
      malignant ependymoma, one case of malignant oligodendroglioma. A complete
      clinical course of all patients was observed. 18 of 38 cases are surviving. The
      survival rate of malignant gliomas was 71.2% for one year, 47.6% for 2 years,
      34.8% for 3 years. The survival rate of glioblastoma was 56.3% for one year,
      36.9% for 2 years, 12.3% for 3 years. The survival rate of the patients receiving
      macroscopically total removal was higher than that of the patients receiving
      subtotal removal. The survival rate of the younger patients (under 49 years old)
      was higher than that of the older patients (over 50 years old). Side effect of
      this therapy was myelosupression in 75.8%.

PMID- 6584397
TI  - Healthy roots: a solid foundation for the future.
AB  - Advances in endodontic instrumentation, materials and technique have enabled the
      basic principles of endodontic therapy to be more readily and predictably
      achieved. This allows endodontic therapy to enjoy one of the highest success
      rates of all forms of dental treatment. A better appreciation of the responses
      following traumatic injury to the teeth, together with advances in management,
      have provided such teeth with an optimum prognosis enabling them to be retained
      as useful members of the dentition. Endodontic procedures in conjunction with
      periodontic, orthodontic and restorative techniques have enabled severely
      compromised teeth to be salvaged and returned to function. Teeth endodontically
      treated in a proper manner provide a solid foundation for correct restoration and
      the long term maintenance of a healthy dentition.

PMID- 6584398
TI  - A simplified periodontal screening examination: the Community Periodontal Index
      of Treatment Needs (WHO) in general practice.
AB  - Chronic periodontal disease presents a unique challenge to the dental profession,
      not only in its recognition, diagnosis and treatment, but also in public and
      patient education. Epidemiologic surveys may place the prevalence of the chronic
      gum diseases at the highest levels but the public has accepted the most obvious
      sign, bleeding, as 'normal' and only in the later stages of the disease is
      treatment demanded. Thus dental practitioners must be the first to recognize
      periodontal disease and then must persuade the patient to take personal action
      and to seek professional assistance. In the past decade there have been many
      changes in periodontal concepts. A more conservative basis to treatment and to
      general management is now well accepted, with disease control rather than cure as
      the major objective, and regular maintenance a necessity. Disease activity is the
      primary criterion by which both dentist and patient should recognize and monitor
      periodontal treatment needs. The use of current concepts to introduce a simple
      specific and realistic screening and monitoring examination is introduced. It
      utilizes the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) developed by
      the Oral Health Unit of WHO in 1981. This index, designed for population surveys,
      has been adapted for use in general practice. Examples drawn from a 1-year trial
      are presented and it will be seen that the Index provides meaningful information
      to both dentist and patient, an immediate indication of treatment needs and a
      method of monitoring progress.

PMID- 6584396
TI  - Structural polymorphism of human Ia antigens recognized by the monoclonal
      antibody I2 and by cross-reacting I-Ek-specific alloantibodies.

PMID- 6584399
TI  - Caries prevention in the dental office.
AB  - There are signs of a change towards a more preventive orientation in dentistry
      but progress is slow. Far more time is still spent on diagnosis and treatment of
      caries than on the prevention of it. Success has so far eluded us because of the
      lack of public and professional compliance with available caries preventive
      options. This review has taken for granted those caries preventive measures which
      should be an integral part of dental treatment, including the correct choice and
      handling of dental materials. With dedication to a preventive philosophy and
      pragmatic use of listed caries preventive technologies, the dental practitioner
      should now exploit to the fullest extent his unique opportunity to provide
      necessary caries preventive services and establish optimal dental health
      behaviour in his patients.

PMID- 6584400
TI  - Prevention of periodontal disease in the dental office.
AB  - The presence or absence of periodontal disease is determined by the equilibrium
      between the challenging microbial deposits, adhering to the tooth surface, and
      the host response of the individual patient. The possibility of affecting host
      response is limited. In primary prevention the main emphasis is therefore on the
      daily brushing of the teeth at home. The susceptible patient needs, in addition,
      suitable interdental hygiene measures. At school age, bleeding from more than
      three sextants of the dentition should be used as a sign of treatment need.
      Whenever calculus or other retentive factors prevent proper home care, secondary
      prevention, i.e. professional debridement, is indicated before oral hygiene
      instruction. Professional cleaning of the teeth at regular intervals has lately
      been found to greatly enhance the maintenance of periodontal health. Tertiary
      prevention of periodontal disease is the complex treatment of advanced
      periodontal breakdown. Recent research findings indicate that patients who have
      received treatment for advanced periodontal disease should, due to their
      initially poor host response, automatically be maintained in the high risk group
      and given meticulous professional cleanings as often as two to four times
      annually. The possibility of using chemotherapeutic agents for plaque control is
      limited to short term elimination of supragingival bacterial deposits. Mechanical
      oral hygiene is thus the method of choice in the prevention of periodontal
      disease. Regular surveillance of the patient's periodontal health is necessary
      for evaluation of the effect of such treatment.

PMID- 6584401
TI  - Methods of imparting information to patients in dental practice.
AB  - Changes are taking place in dentistry now that we know much more about the causes
      of caries, periodontal disease and most jaw malformations and that, through
      education and motivation, our patients can substantially protect themselves from
      these disorders. In our specialty in particular, it is true that 'prevention is
      better than cure'! This approach will be successful only if our patients are
      monitored on a regular recall basis. Attention is drawn to the existence of
      specific target groups. Successful results can only be achieved if individual
      efforts are backed by group and population prophylactic measures on the part of
      national or local authorities using the expertise of the dental profession. A
      preventively orientated practice must offer much more patient education than one
      which concentrates on the provision of curative services. Details of the approach
      to be followed should be thoroughly planned and the members of the dental team to
      be responsible for the tasks concerned should be identified. Appropriate
      equipment and working facilities are essential for the effective conduct of
      preventive measures. It must be emphasized that these measures in dental practice
      involve high costs. In attending to our patients, we should not forget that not
      only practical intervention but also the provision of advice is a vitally
      important health service.

PMID- 6584402
TI  - Achievements in prevention.
AB  - There have been significant achievements in prevention but many challenges to the
      dental profession still remain. Over the past decade dental caries experience has
      declined in many developed countries although some still report quite high rates.
      In developing countries the opposite is true and the widely reported increases in
      caries rates demand urgent action. Despite evidence of improving oral hygiene
      little clinically significant prevention of periodontal disease has been achieved
      in children or adults from both developed and developing countries. Oral cancer
      rates, though different in males and females, have remained fairly static for
      several decades. Because suitable indices of malocclusion have not been used over
      sufficient time it is impossible to identify trends in the prevalence and
      severity of occlusal disharmonies but more treatment seems to have been on offer
      in recent years. Sports injuries have been much reduced by the wearing of
      appropriate protective gear and intra-oral appliances.

PMID- 6584403
TI  - A comparison of fluoride release from three glass ionomer cements and a
      polycarboxylate cement.

PMID- 6584404
TI  - Eosinophilic granuloma of the mandible - a case report.

PMID- 6584405
TI  - Emergency treatment - a review.

PMID- 6584407
TI  - Clinical photography for the myofunctional therapist.

PMID- 6584408
TI  - The pros and cons of myofunctional therapy. Emerging specialty.

PMID- 6584406
TI  - Mixed passive hemagglutination with soluble platelet antigens.
AB  - Mixed passive hemagglutination (MPHA) test was established using platelet
      supernatant and indicator cells coated with purified antihuman IgG antibodies.
      The supernatant was shown to contain HLA A and B antigens, platelet alloantigens
      and blood group A, B and H antigens released spontaneously from the platelets.
      Unlike the MPHA with platelet monolayer, the in vitro-formed immune complex (IC)
      or IC containing pathologic sera did not give positive reactions in the MPHA with
      platelet supernatants presumably due to relatively low Fc receptor activities of
      the supernatants. By means of this test, HLA A or B antibodies were demonstrated
      in sera of 32 (44%) of 72 patients with multiple platelet transfusions including
      'cytotoxicity negative absorption positive' sera. This test would provide a
      sensitive procedure for cross-match of sera of recipients of platelet transfusion
      and screening of HLA A and B typing sera.

PMID- 6584409
TI  - The pros and cons of myofunctional therapy. Of dubious value.

PMID- 6584410
TI  - A study of changes in swallowing habit resulting from tongue thrust therapy
      recommended by R.H. Barrett.

PMID- 6584411
TI  - Dissociation of analgesic and hyperphagic responses following 2-deoxy-D-glucose.
AB  - Injection of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) elicits both analgesic and hyperphagic
      responses in rats. While pituitary dysfunction, decreased dopamine availability,
      or neonatal monosodium glutamate treatment decreases 2DG hyperphagia, they
      increase 2DG analgesia. In contrast, 2-DG analgesia alone is decreased by
      repeated 2-DG injections, while 2-DG hyperphagia alone is decreased following
      naloxone pretreatment. The present four experiments examined further mechanisms
      subserving these two induced responses. In the first experiment, rats were
      deprived of food for 6 h following 2-DG (600 mg/kg). While 2-DG hyperphagia
      persisted in the absence of glucoprivation, 2-DG analgesia failed to occur after
      this delay. In the second experiment, acute exposure to inescapable foot shock (4
      mA, 0.5 s/5 s for 1 h) preceded administration of 2-DG (600 mg/kg). While 2-DG
      hyperphagia was eliminated by this procedure, 2-DG analgesia was significantly
      potentiated. In the third experiment, repeated morphine (10 mg/kg) injections
      over 14 days eliminated 2-DG analgesia on the fifteenth day, but failed to affect
      2-DG hyperphagia. In the fourth experiment, lesions placed in either the lateral
      hypothalamus or zona incerta decreased 2-DG hyperphagia, but failed to affect 2
      DG analgesia. These results are discussed in terms of common and dissociative
      mechanisms mediating both responses.

PMID- 6584412
TI  - The gnathostomatic system: an anatomic approach.

PMID- 6584413
TI  - Soft and hard tissue wound healing following tooth preparation to the alveolar
      crest.

PMID- 6584414
TI  - The use of antibiotics in periodontal diseases.

PMID- 6584415
TI  - Determining the determinants of occlusion.

PMID- 6584416
TI  - Preoperative angiography of the superior mesenteric and portal vein with
      prostaglandin F2 alpha in portal hypertension.
AB  - In a comparative study, we showed that a gain in diagnostic reliability justifies
      the routine use of PGF in indirect superior mesenteric venograms of patients with
      portal hypertension. Three radiologists without knowledge of patients' data and
      treatment analyzed 30 angiograms with and 30 examinations without PGF.
      Complicating factors, such as presence of varices and dose of contrast medium
      (CM), were taken into account by a Mantel and Haenszel procedure. When PGF was
      used, intrahepatic portal branches could be outlined beyond their second
      ramification more frequently. The superior mesenteric and portal veins, but not
      the confluence, were visualized significantly more often using this agent, so
      that patency, constriction, partial thrombosis or occlusion could be reliably
      diagnosed. Independent of the use of PGF, visualization of the confluence was
      improved by high CM doses in combination with high flow rates.

PMID- 6584417
TI  - Recognizing and managing the adolescent with Kleine-Levin syndrome.
AB  - This report calls attention to the Kleine-Levin Syndrome, a sleep disorder which
      predominantly occurs in adolescent males. It can easily be mistaken for other
      psychiatric or neurologic illness. Differential diagnosis and treatment are
      discussed.

PMID- 6584418
TI  - Relationships between LH and estradiol-17 beta after removal of luteal
      progesterone in the ewe.
AB  - Three experiments were conducted to examine the relationship between systemic
      concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol-17 beta (E2) after
      withdrawal of progesterone in cycling ewes. In Exp. 1, ewes were assigned
      randomly to one of three treatments: laparotomy (C), removal of the luteal ovary
      (ULO), or ULO plus anesthesia with sodium pentobarbital for 6 h beginning 4 h
      after surgery. Anesthesia was used in an attempt to block the expected increase
      in tonic secretion of LH. Patterns of LH and E2 in these three groups did not
      differ during the 24-h experimental period. In Exp. 2, a longer period of
      anesthesia was utilized. Forty-eight ewes were assigned at random to one of four
      treatments: C, ULO, lutectomy or an intrafollicular injection of prostaglandin F2
      alpha (PGF2 alpha). One-half of the ewes in each group were anesthetized with
      sodium pentobarbital from initiation of treatment (0 h) until 10 h after surgery.
      Sodium pentobarbital did not suppress the increases in LH and E2 after
      progesterone withdrawal. The regression of concentrations of E2 on concentration
      of LH was not significant. In Exp. 3, ewes were infused with either saline or
      dopamine after receiving an im injection of PGF2 alpha. Tonic secretion of LH
      increased after 4 h in ewes infused with saline, but not in ewes infused with
      dopamine. Despite the suppression of LH, concentrations of E2 increased in
      dopamine-treated ewes as in control ewes. Therefore, the initial increase in E2
      after a decline of progesterone in cycling ewes is independent of increases in
      LH.

PMID- 6584419
TI  - Ingestion and aspiration of foreign bodies in dental practice: two case reports.

PMID- 6584420
TI  - Management of upper airway obstruction.

PMID- 6584421
TI  - Immunologic studies of endodontic disease: measurement by the ELISA technique of
      antibody reactive with Fusobacterium nucleatum in the serum of endodontic
      patients.

PMID- 6584422
TI  - The prevention and management of foreign object accidents in dentistry.

PMID- 6584423
TI  - [Susceptibility of potential periodontopathic bacteria to metronidazole,
      spiramycin and their combination].
AB  - A total of 65 bacterial strains originating mostly from subgingival plaque were
      tested for their susceptibilities to metronidazole, spiramycin, and their
      combination, ornidazole, erythromycin and tetracycline by means of an agar
      dilution technique. All agents were active against all anaerobic Gram-negative
      rods. Bacteroides gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum showed marked
      susceptibility to metronidazole (MIC less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml)
      whereas 4-64 micrograms/ml were required to inhibit the capnophilic
      Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga. Gram-positive
      facultatives were resistant to nitro-imidazoles but were inhibited at macrolide
      concentrations less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml. Except for F. nucleatum
      and Veillonella strains (2 less than or equal to MIC less than or equal to 128
      micrograms/ml) macrolides were active against all other anaerobic bacteria
      tested. At concentrations less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml the combination
      of spiramycin and metronidazole (2 : 1) was active against virtually all bacteria
      tested but our results failed to show a synergistic effect.

PMID- 6584424
TI  - [Odontogenesis in the human fetus: an echographic study].
AB  - During real-time ultrasound observation of swallowing movements in the human
      fetus, changes in the echostructure of the jaws were detected. Dense linear
      echoes (2-6 mm) arose symmetrically in the superior and inferior jaws from the
      median to the distal level with increasing gestational age. Their localisation
      and onset suggested they might represent tooth germs. The comparison between
      radiography after birth and pre- and postnatal echography confirmed that these
      particular echoes were indeed calcified tooth germs. The implications of this
      observation will be discussed in terms of fetal growth maturation and gestational
      age.

PMID- 6584426
TI  - Microradiography of in vivo remineralized lesions in human enamel. II.
AB  - The purpose of this work was to investigate mineral deposition and redistribution
      in subsurface human artificial enamel lesions during in vivo remineralization
      period of 3 months. The enamel lesions were placed in lower prostheses of 30
      patients, divided in 3 groups. Group A brushed daily with H2O; group B brushed
      with H2O and rinsed with a neutral 50 ppm F solution and group C brushed with a
      neutral 1500 ppm F toothpaste. The technique employed was microradiography.
      Initially the average vol % of mineral in the lesion body was 47%. After 3 months
      remineralization in vivo the vol % of mineral in the lesion body was for group A,
      B and C: 50.7, 48.7 and 53.1 vol %, respectively. The average lesion depth
      decreased for groups A, B and C 18, 13 and 25 microns respectively over 3 months.
      The original lesion depth was +/- 100 microns. The microradiographic data show
      conclusively that mineral is deposited "de novo" inside subsurface lesions. The
      remineralization percentages are for the control, rinse and brush group 20%, 15%
      and 31%, respectively.

PMID- 6584425
TI  - In vivo remineralization of artificial subsurface lesions in human enamel. I.
AB  - In this paper in vivo remineralization of artificial subsurface lesions in human
      enamel, placed in partial prostheses of 30 patients during 3 months is presented.
      The patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A brushed daily with H2O: group B
      brushed with H2O and rinsed with a neutral 50 ppm F- solution and group C brushed
      with a neutral 1500 ppm F- toothpaste. Microhardness indentation measurements
      were carried out at the start of the experiment and after 2, 4, 16, 20, 44, 58
      and 87 days. After 3 months, the indentation length reductions (in %) were for
      group A, B and C 16, 13 and 20%, respectively. These differences were all
      statistically significant at least at the p less than 0.05 level. In conclusion,
      subsurface lesions remineralize very slowly in vivo, much slower than in vitro
      situations. The remineralization rate is relatively fast in the first 2 weeks;
      for longer periods the remineralization rate of subsurface enamel lesions is very
      slow.

PMID- 6584427
TI  - [Lytic effect of elastase and the granular fraction of human polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes in the gingival tissue. Biochemical study].
AB  - Gingival biopsies were divided in two groups according to their degree of
      gingival inflammation. They were frozen, sectioned in a cryostat and lyophilized.
      They were then incubated for 24 hours in the presence of increasing amounts of
      granular fraction or elastase from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The
      concentrations of hydroxyproline and uronic acid were measured in the supernates.
      The results show, on one side, an increasing liberation of hydroxyproline in the
      presence of increasing enzyme concentrations and, on the other side, a greater
      liberation of hydroxyproline from inflamed as compared to sound gingiva.

PMID- 6584428
TI  - Transport of the folate compound methotrexate decreases during differentiation of
      murine erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - The relationship of folate transport and chemically induced differentiation of
      murine erythroleukemia cells (MELC) was examined. MELC were found to have a
      carrier-mediated transport system for reduced folates. Chemically induced
      differentiation of MELC caused a 10-fold decrease in the rate of influx of the
      folate analog methotrexate. The loss of methotrexate transport during
      differentiation resulted from a 15-fold decrease in the Vmax for the influx while
      the Km remained unchanged. Inducer dose dependencies for hemoglobin accumulation
      and loss of methotrexate influx were similar. A dimethyl sulfoxide-resistant
      variant of MELC did not express complete accumulation of hemoglobin or loss of
      methotrexate transport when treated with dimethyl sulfoxide. The decrease of
      folate influx during differentiation was not a result of: 1) changes in cell
      densities or growth phase; 2) growth-related changes of the medium; or 3) a
      direct inhibition of folate influx by the inducers. Loss of folate compound
      transport correlated with MELC differentiation.

PMID- 6584429
TI  - Oxygen-mediated damage of microsomal cytochrome P-450 enzymes in cultured leydig
      cells. Role in steroidogenic desensitization.
AB  - Cultured Leydig cells exhibited time-dependent decreases in the microsomal
      cytochrome P-450 enzyme activities, 17 alpha-hydroxylase and C17-20 lyase when
      maintained under standard culture conditions (95% air, 5% CO2). Inclusion of the
      hydroxyl radical scavenger dimethyl sulfoxide in the culture medium, or the
      reduction of oxygen tension from 19 to 1% O2 was effective in preserving these
      enzyme activities and the combined effects of low O2 and dimethyl sulfoxide were
      synergistic. Leydig cells in culture were treated with 1 mM 8-Br-cAMP to induce
      steroidogenic desensitization which resulted in greater decreases in 17 alpha
      hydroxylase and C17-20 lyase activities, as well as a diminished capacity to
      produce testosterone in response to subsequent acute stimulation with 8-Br-cAMP.
      Reduction of the oxygen tension from 19 to 1% O2 prevented this enhanced loss of
      microsomal P-450 activities in desensitized Leydig cells. The activity of delta 5
      3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-isomerase, a microsomal enzyme which is not a
      P-450 enzyme, was stable in cultures of both control and desensitized Leydig
      cells under all culture conditions. These data are consistent with the hypothesis
      that oxygen-mediated damage is responsible for the time-dependent decrease in 17
      alpha-hydroxylase and C17-20 lyase activities of control Leydig cells, and is the
      mechanism by which these microsomal P-450 activities are further decreased in
      desensitized Leydig cells. Desensitized Leydig cells exhibited a 50 and 70%
      decrease at 24 and 48 h, respectively, in their ability to produce testosterone
      in response to subsequent acute stimulation with 8-Br-cAMP, regardless of the
      culture conditions. Since desensitized Leydig cells cultured at 1% O2 showed no
      greater loss of enzyme activity than did controls, loss of microsomal P-450
      activities is not the cause of the diminished testosterone biosynthetic capacity
      of desensitized Leydig cells.

PMID- 6584430
TI  - Regulation of hydroxylations in biosynthesis of bile acids. Isolation of a
      protein from rat liver cytosol stimulating reconstituted cholesterol 7 alpha
      hydroxylase activity.
AB  - Modulation of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity was studied in a purified,
      reconstituted system from rat liver microsomes. Cysteine, dithiothreitol, reduced
      glutathione, and thioredoxin activated the system whereas glutathione disulfide
      inactivated it. A protein, which stimulated cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase
      activity in the presence of glutathione or thioredoxin, was purified to apparent
      homogeneity from rat liver cytosol. It has a minimum Mr of 25,000. The protein
      had no effect on 12 alpha-hydroxylation of 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one or
      25-hydroxylation of 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-triol. The
      cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase stimulatory protein could not be replaced by the
      thioltransferase-dependent disulfide-reducing system nor by glutathione S
      transferase A, B, or C. Neither ATP and MgCl2 nor sodium fluoride had any effect
      on the activity of the cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase stimulatory protein. The
      results show that purified cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase can be regulated by a
      mechanism involving disulfide bonds in the cytochrome P-450 molecule.

PMID- 6584431
TI  - Prostaglandin F2 alpha stimulates phosphatidylinositol turnover and increases the
      cellular content of 1,2-diacylglycerol in confluent resting Swiss 3T3 cells.
AB  - Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha); which stimulates DNA synthesis in resting
      3T3 cells, also stimulates the incorporation of [32P]PO4 into
      phosphatidylinositol. The effect is selective for PGF2 alpha when compared with
      PGE1, PGE2, and PGF2 beta. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) also stimulates DNA
      synthesis but does not affect phosphatidylinositol turnover. PGE1, which acts
      synergistically with PGF2 alpha to enhance DNA synthesis, does not affect the
      ability of PGF2 alpha, to enhance the incorporation of [32P]PO4 into
      phosphatidylinositol. PGF2 alpha, also causes a small increase in the cellular
      content of 1,2-diacylglycerol. This effect is not shared by EGF or PGE1.
      Stimulation of phosphatidylinositol metabolism resulting in an increase in the
      cellular content of 1,2-diacylglycerol may thus constitute an event in the
      pathway leading to the initiation of DNA synthesis in which PGF2 alpha differs in
      its action from EGF.

PMID- 6584432
TI  - Quantitative profiling of prostaglandins and thromboxane by high-resolution gas
      chromatography-selected--ion monitoring.
AB  - The development and biological application of a rapid method for quantitative
      profiling of prostaglandins and thromboxane using high-resolution gas
      chromatography (HRGC) coupled with mass spectrometry in the selected-ion
      monitoring technique (SIM) are described. The method is based on the single-step
      extraction of prostaglandins from biological samples on C18 reversed-phase
      cartridges after addition of deuterated analogues as internal standards, followed
      by derivatization of functional groups and final analysis by HRGC-SIM with wall
      coated open tubular persilanized capillary columns. Biological applications
      include the determination of endogenous arachidonic acid cascade profiles in rat
      tissue homogenates and thromboxane synthetase inhibition studies in human serum.

PMID- 6584434
TI  - JCO interviews Dr. Homer W. Phillips on computers in orthodontic practice. Part
      1.

PMID- 6584433
TI  - High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of cefotetan epimers in human
      plasma and urine.
AB  - Cefotetan, a new broad-spectrum 7 alpha-methoxycephalosporin antibiotic, was
      assayed in plasma and urine by means of reversed-phase high-performance liquid
      chromatography. Commercially available cefotetan exists in two epimeric forms.
      The procedure described allows the separation and quantitation of both epimers.
      For the first time a different pharmacokinetic behaviour (t1/2 = 3 h versus 4 h)
      for each epimer after intravenous injection to healthy volunteers is
      demonstrated. It is assumed that one epimer is bound to a greater extent to serum
      proteins and is therefore responsible for the differences observed. As both
      epimers exhibit similar antibacterial activity, it seems doubtful whether these
      differences would have clinical significance. Iothalamic acid was determined
      simultaneously as a marker of kidney function.

PMID- 6584435
TI  - Modular 3D lingual appliances. Part 1. Quad helix.

PMID- 6584436
TI  - Evaluation of the potential orthognathic surgery patient.

PMID- 6584437
TI  - Hypothyroidism in orthodontic practice.

PMID- 6584438
TI  - JCO interviews Dr. Homer W. Phillips on computers in orthodontic practice. Part
      2.

PMID- 6584439
TI  - Modular 3D lingual appliances. Part 2. Adapter.

PMID- 6584440
TI  - The Harvold activator. Simplified construction and use.

PMID- 6584441
TI  - Orthodontic office design. Creating feeling of space ... part 2.

PMID- 6584442
TI  - Modular 3D lingual appliances. Part 4. Lingual arch.

PMID- 6584443
TI  - JCO interviews Dean C. Bellavia, Ph. D. on practice management.

PMID- 6584444
TI  - Disseminated petriellidiosis (allescheriasis) in a patient with refractory acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - A case of disseminated petriellidiosis is presented. This complication occurred
      in a patient with refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, who was receiving
      repeated courses of cytotoxic drugs, antibiotics and prolonged corticosteroid
      therapy. The diagnosis of infection by Petriellidium boydii was established by
      pathological and microbiological studies of a specimen obtained at open lung
      biopsy. The portal of entry was probably through the lung spreading later via the
      blood stream to the brain, thyroid and kidneys. The present case once again
      emphasises the importance of specific microbiological identification in
      definitive diagnosis. To our knowledge, only three cases of disseminated
      petriellidiosis have been reported and this case appears to be the first case
      with renal involvement.

PMID- 6584445
TI  - Subgingival metronidazole in dialysis tubing and subgingival chlorhexidine
      irrigation in the control of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease.
AB  - The present investigation compared subgingival metronidazole in dialysis tubing
      and subgingival chlorhexidine irrigation in the control of chronic inflammatory
      periodontal disease. 10 patients with 4 mm or deeper periodontal pockets were
      divided into 2 groups. Both received baseline scaling, root planing, subcontact
      area cleaning and instruction in the Bass technique of tooth brushing, but not in
      interdental cleaning. One group with 80 pockets received 0.2% chlorhexidine
      subgingival irrigation for 28 days and the other with 86 pockets received 0.5%
      metronidazole solution incorporated in subgingivally placed dialysis tubing. The
      tubings were replaced with freshly filled ones at days 7, 14 and 21. Active
      treatment ceased at day 28. Plaque Index, Sulcus Bleeding Index, pocket depth and
      gingival shrinkage were recorded at days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 56 and 84. Subgingival
      0.5% metronidazole in dialysis tubing and 0.2% chlorhexidine irrigation were
      found to be equally effective in reducing chronic periodontitis. Metronidazole
      reduced Plaque Index less but pocket depth more than chlorhexidine. Improvements
      were maintained significantly below baseline levels for at least 8 weeks after
      the end of the 4-week treatment period.

PMID- 6584446
TI  - Comparison of the effect of chlorhexidine and CuSO4 on plaque formation and
      development of gingivitis.
AB  - Recent studies have shown that several metal ions inhibit plaque formation and
      reduce the acidogenicity of dental plaque. The aim of the present study was to
      compare the effect on plaque and gingivitis of 2.2 mM CuSO4 with an equimolar
      solution of chlorhexidine in a modified experimental gingivitis model. The study
      was performed according to a double-blind cross-over design. Before each
      experimental period the GI was recorded and the participants' teeth were scaled
      and polished to remove all supragingival deposits. All mechanical oral hygiene
      was suspended during the experimental periods. The mean PII after rinsing with
      chlorhexidine, CuSO4 and water was 0.29, 0.79 and 1.25, respectively. The
      corresponding GI values were 0.57, 0.83 and 1.02. All differences were
      statistically significant. The results showed that CuSO4 inhibits plaque
      formation and development of gingivitis, but not to the same degree as
      chlorhexidine.

PMID- 6584447
TI  - Localized juvenile periodontitis and generalized severe periodontitis: clinical
      findings.
AB  - Medically healthy subjects (N = 103), 10-32 years of age, with localized
      (juvenile periodontitis = JP) or generalized (severe periodontitis = SP) advanced
      periodontal disease were analyzed for interrelationships of sex, race, age and
      clinical findings. Females predominated (2:1) in both JP and SP. There were
      significantly more subjects of the black race in JP, but when age was included as
      a cofactor the race distinction became insignificant. While whole mouth Plaque
      and Gingival Indices were lower in JP, these values at sites with attachment loss
      were equally high in both groups. Extent of disease was significantly related to
      both plaque and age in SP, and to plaque but not to age in JP. This suggests the
      existence of a factor(s) in JP which interfere(s) with the age-plaque-disease
      relationships found in SP and present in adult periodontitis. Contrary to
      implications of some definitions of JP, periodontal attachment loss was strongly
      associated with plaque and gingival inflammation in both localized and
      generalized patterns of disease.

PMID- 6584448
TI  - Relation between wound healing after surgery and susceptibility to periodontal
      disease.
AB  - In the present investigation wound healing was studied clinically in 8 younger
      (mean age 33.5 years) and 8 older patients (mean age 48 years), who were
      surgically treated for the same amount of severe periodontitis. This implies that
      the patients in the younger age group represented individuals with a higher
      degree of susceptibility to periodontal disease than the patients in the older
      age group. After surgery all patients were subjected to a carefully controlled
      oral hygiene program. Patients were recalled weekly until 8 weeks post surgery
      and again after 15 weeks for a final examination. At every recall session oral
      hygiene measurements were carried out and the bleeding tendency of the pockets
      was determined after probing with a standardized pressure. Bleeding on the basis
      of mechanical trauma after probing was considered to be a clinical parameter for
      wound healing in a plaque free environment. Results indicate that the oral
      hygiene program resulted in equally low plaque scores in both age groups.
      However, in a period from 5-15 weeks after surgery younger patients showed
      significantly more bleeding pockets that older patients. Furthermore it was found
      in both groups that the more loss of attachment there was, the slower the rate of
      wound healing. It was concluded that the time span for wound healing is longer in
      patients who are more susceptible to periodontal disease, than in those who are
      less susceptible.

PMID- 6584449
TI  - Calcium and periodontitis: clinical effect of calcium medication.
AB  - In contrast to the generally held concept that periodontal disease is caused by
      microorganisms, Henriksson (1968) suggested that a nutritional deficiency of
      calcium might be the cause. He elicited secondary hyperparathyroidism in beagles
      from a low calcium/high phosphorus diet and found that the osteolytic
      demineralization of bone that followed seemed to involve alveolar bone more than
      other bones. In a report on 10 persons with advanced periodontal disease, Krook
      et al. (1972) stated that the disease was reversed when they were given 1 g
      Ca/day for 180 days. These results have been disputed. The present study is an
      attempt to repeat the experiment performed by Krook et al. (1972) under more
      stringent conditions. The hypothesis that calcium supplementation reverses
      destructive periodontal disease is tested. 66 persons referred to our clinic for
      periodontal problems were prescribed at random calcium (1 g) or placebo tablets
      daily during a trial period of 180 days. Their periodontal status was examined at
      day 0 and at day 180. The parameters used for comparison were Plaque Index,
      Gingival Index, probing depth, mobility and furcation involvement. The
      radiographically registered level of alveolar bone was also recorded, but
      subsequently discarded since no change could be ascertained. The patients were
      interviewed as to their consumption of calcium via milk and cheese at days 90 and
      180. This was in order to estimate roughly whether or not their dietary calcium
      consumption was adequate. The recommended allowance of 800 mg/day was used as a
      reference. During the trial period 7 persons withdrew -- 2 from the test group
      and 5 from the control group. This was due mainly to digestive disorders,
      reported by the patients. A comparison at day 0 between the 31 test and 28
      control patients revealed no statistical differences concerning the periodontal
      parameters studied. At day 180 both groups showed a slight improvement in Plaque
      Index, Gingival Index and probing depth; however, there was still no statistical
      difference between them. The dietary analysis established a low calcium
      consumption among 1/3 of the patients. Even in these cases calcium
      supplementation had no effect. It is concluded that calcium supplementation for
      180 days does not influence the periodontal status of patients with moderate to
      advanced periodontal disease. Secondly, patients on a low calcium diet do not
      differ from those receiving an adequate supply. Finally, the study cannot support
      the hypothesis that calcium deficiency is a main cause of destructive periodontal
      disease.

PMID- 6584450
TI  - Phenytoin induced gingival overgrowth in institutionalized epileptics.
AB  - In a cross-sectional, epidemiological study of phenytoin induced gingival
      overgrowth in 77 institutionalized persons with epilepsy, the severity of the gum
      lesions was quantified by means of a precise new technique. Lesion severity was
      then compared statistically to other clinical and laboratory parameters. Positive
      correlations were detected between overgrowth severity and gingival inflammation,
      probing depths, calculus accumulation, plaque score and the measurement gingival
      margin to mucogingival junction (GM-MGJ). No correlation was observed between
      lesion severity and patients age, daily drug dosage, plasma or saliva phenytoin
      level, or salivary concentration of the major phenytoin metabolite.

PMID- 6584451
TI  - Frequency of gingival lesions after standardized brushing as related to stiffness
      of toothbrush and abrasiveness of dentifrice.
AB  - The clinical trial was primarily designed to determine to what extent the
      stiffness of toothbrush bristles and the abrasiveness of dentifrices influence
      the degree of gingival erosion. Further, the plaque removing effectiveness of the
      toothbrushes and dentifrices tested was evaluated. 24 dental hygienist students
      with clinically healthy gingivae volunteered for the study. A "soft" toothbrush
      with a bristle thickness of 0.15 mm, a "hard" toothbrush with a bristle thickness
      of 0.23 mm and 2 dentifrices of different abrasiveness were used for the
      experiment. The 2 brushes were also used without a dentifrice. Prior to each
      examination the teeth of the test subjects were brushed by the same dental
      hygienist. Evident signs of laceration or.ulceration at any 1 of 4 gingival
      aspects of each tooth were recorded as brushing injuries. The teeth were then
      stained with basic fuchsin and the amount of remaining plaque was assessed
      according to the PLQ Index (Bay & Ainamo 1974). The use of the hard brush
      resulted in lower plaque scores and, at the same time, more gingival erosions
      than the use of the soft brush. With both brushes a significantly greater number
      of lesions was recorded after use of an abrasive powder than when no dentifrice
      was employed. The difference in the amount of erosions occurring when utilizing
      either brush, without a dentifrice or with a moderately abrasive toothpaste, was
      not, however, found to be statistically significant. When assessed separately for
      the 2 brushes, the slight tendency towards lower PLQ scores with increasing
      abrasiveness of the dentifrice was not considered statistically significant. The
      study showed that the modes decrease observed in mean PLQ scores with increasing
      stiffness of the toothbrush bristles and with increasing abrasiveness of the
      dentifrice is accompanied by increased damage caused to the soft gingival
      tissues.

PMID- 6584452
TI  - Oral cleanliness and gingival health following oral hygiene instruction by self
      educational programs.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to determine the motivational effect of using a
      periodontal self-examination manual prior to a self-instructional manual in oral
      hygiene and to examine whether instruction provided at a later time than the
      scaling procedure improves the effect of the instruction. 74 patients with
      periodontal disease were divided into 3 groups: (1) A group of 23 patients who
      performed a self-examination of their periodontal condition prior to self
      instruction in oral hygiene; (2) a control group of 27 patients who used only the
      self-instructional oral hygiene manual; and (3) a group of 24 patients who were
      not given the self-instructional oral hygiene manual before 6 weeks after the
      baseline examination. All these patients had their teeth scaled at the start of
      the study and after 3 and 7 months. The effect of the various modes of
      instruction was evaluated by assessments of plaque and gingival bleeding scores.
      These parameters were determined at the baseline and after 2 and 6 weeks and 3
      and 7 months. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in plaque and
      gingival bleeding scores following the use of the self-instructional manual in
      oral hygiene. The use of the periodontal self-examination manual or a delay of
      the instruction had no additional effect on oral cleanliness. The level of oral
      hygiene and gingival health achieved at 3 months was maintained in all 3 groups
      for an additional period of 4 months. After that time, they were divided into 2
      other groups depending on whether or not their plaque score was less than 20%. A
      total of 26 in the group who had a plaque score higher than 20% demonstrated a
      plaque score of than 20% after having performed the tooth brushing test. 10 of
      the remaining patients, who still had a plaque score of more than 20% after the
      tooth brushing test, received additional instruction in oral hygiene which
      subsequently resulted in improved oral cleanliness after 6 months.

PMID- 6584453
TI  - Can elderly nursing home patients with involuntary grimacing and vocalization be
      helped with psychopharmacological agents?

PMID- 6584454
TI  - Morphometric effect of prostaglandin E1 and F2 alpha on lactating bovine mammary
      tissue in vitro.
AB  - Mammary explants from six lactating cows were incubated for .17, 4, 8, and 12 h
      in medium containing prostaglandin E1 or prostaglandin F2 alpha tromethamine salt
      at 0, 1, 10, or 50 micrograms/ml to determine if prostaglandins alter tissue
      structure. Explants were fixed, dehydrated, embedded in plastic resins, and
      sectioned at .5 to 1.0 mu. Tissue area was partitioned by light microscopy into
      normal, damaged, or debris epithelial; normal or debris lumenal; or stromal
      areas. All tissue samples exhibited signs of deterioration as incubation
      progressed. Prostaglandin E1 treatment maintained more secretory epithelium and
      resulted in less epithelial debris and lumenal debris than controls.
      Prostaglandin F2 alpha-treated tissue had less epithelial debris and normal
      lumenal area than tissue receiving no prostaglandin during the limited
      incubation. The three concentrations of prostaglandins studied did not identify
      optimal prostaglandins for mammary tissue incubated but indicated concentrations
      below 1 microgram prostaglandin E1 or F2 alpha/ml should be studied. The response
      of mammary tissue to prostaglandin was affected by donor milk production.
      Increases of normal epithelial area were correlated with decreases of damaged and
      debris areas. Prostaglandins E1 and F2 alpha appeared to be beneficial to healthy
      mammary tissue incubated under limited conditions.

PMID- 6584455
TI  - Kinesiograph studies of jaw movement using the Commodore Pet microcomputer for
      data storage and analysis.

PMID- 6584456
TI  - An investigation into the effect of tongue-space encroachment on the rest
      position of the mandible.

PMID- 6584457
TI  - Comparative studies of a palladium-enriched amalgam.

PMID- 6584458
TI  - [Removal of temporary cemented crowns (case report)].

PMID- 6584459
TI  - [Diplopia following infiltration injection of the upper canine tooth (a case
      report)].

PMID- 6584460
TI  - [Efficiency of a simple radiograph duplicator].

PMID- 6584461
TI  - Divisional Abstracts, supported by the International College of Dentists.

PMID- 6584462
TI  - The volume of saliva in the mouth before and after swallowing.
AB  - In 20 male and 20 female adult subjects, the volume of saliva in the mouth before
      (VMAX) and after (RESID) swallowing was determined. RESID could be computed by
      measuring the potassium and chloride concentrations in unstimulated saliva and in
      the expectorate after a five-second rinse with 5 ml of water immediately
      following a swallow. The mean value of RESID after a normal swallow was
      significantly higher in males (0.87 ml) than in females (0.66 ml). After a forced
      swallow, RESID was only slightly but significantly reduced, being 0.82 ml and
      0.60 ml in males and females, respectively. The volume of saliva normally
      swallowed was calculated from the unstimulated salivary flow rate and the normal
      swallowing frequency. The mean value of VMAX (RESID plus volume normally
      swallowed) in males was 1.19 ml, which was slightly but not significantly higher
      than that in females (0.96 ml). When water was infused into the mouth at
      increasing flow rates, there was an increase in VMAX and in both the volume of
      fluid swallowed and the swallowing frequency.

PMID- 6584463
TI  - A freeze-fracture study of ruffle-ended post-secretory ameloblasts.
AB  - The post-secretory portion of the rat incisor enamel organ was prepared for
      routine transmission electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replication in order
      to define further the structural surface features of the ruffle-ended
      ameloblasts. Surface views of the distal plasma membrane of the ruffle-ended
      ameloblasts revealed a well-developed zonula occludens junction with from six to
      ten rows of tight junctional strands. Gap junctions were also observed just
      proximal to the tight junctional strands. The membranes of the ruffled border
      contained a rich supply of intramembrane particles (IMP). The IMPs were
      approximately 7 to 8 nm in diameter and preferentially located on the P-face
      profiles of the membrane. The density of IMPs on the membranes of the ruffled
      border was higher than that on the lateral borders of the cell. It is suggested
      that the IMPs of the ruffled border may represent enzymatic proteins in the basal
      cell membrane of absorptive ameloblasts. In addition, the large, highly-developed
      zonula occludens appeared structurally capable of sealing the intercellular
      spaces between the ruffle-ended ameloblasts.

PMID- 6584464
TI  - Single bovine enamel particles examined by electron optics.
AB  - Whole enamel scrapings from teeth of embryonic calves have been separated by
      density gradient centrifugation in organic solvents into fractions (1.6 less than
      p less than 2.4 g/cm3) representing progressive stages of mineral phase
      maturation. Single enamel particles or their small aggregates from such fractions
      were examined by transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, and high
      spatial-resolution electron probe micro-analysis. The electron optical methods
      demonstrated the presence of poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite as the only
      detectable solid phase in all fractions. Octacalcium phosphate and brushite were
      not identified in the fractions. Changes in electron diffraction patterns were
      indicative of a progressive increase in apatite crystallinity with enamel
      maturation. Molar Ca/P ratios were found to range from 1.48 to 1.70, with a
      higher mean value obtained for lower-density fractions (p less than 2.0 g/cm3).
      Lower-density fractions contained some particles with high ratios (approximately
      equal to 2.0-4.0) and a non-uniform distribution of Ca and P, as revealed by
      electron probe mapping. These characteristics are suggested as possibly being
      related to carbonate phases in early enamel.

PMID- 6584465
TI  - The effect of topical fluoride applications on the surface free energy of human
      enamel--an in vitro study.
AB  - The surface free energy gamma s and its polar and dispersion components gamma Sp
      and gamma Sd were determined from contact angle measurements on human enamel
      treated with sodium fluoride, acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF), and
      aminfluoride solutions. Sodium fluoride solutions only slightly influenced the
      surface free energy component gamma Sp. The gamma Sp value of the APF-treated
      human enamel increased from 52 to 66 erg X cm-2. The gamma Sp value after
      aminfluoride treatment decreased from 52 to 19 erg X cm-2. The gamma Sd values
      remained about 35 erg X cm-2 for all specimens measured. It is suggested that
      aminfluoride-treated enamel surfaces may exhibit a reduced tendency for bacterial
      adhesion.

PMID- 6584466
TI  - Effect of inhibition of net calcium uptake on net fluoride uptake in developing
      rat molars.
AB  - Two methods were used to reduce net calcium uptake by the secretory stage enamel
      of developing rat molar explants. Neither method had a significant effect on
      fluoride uptake by the explants. These findings indicate that the mechanisms for
      uptake in the developing enamel are independent for calcium and fluoride.

PMID- 6584467
TI  - Wound healing following dental extractions in rabbits: effects of tranexamic
      acid, warfarin anti-coagulation, and socket packing.
AB  - We have investigated the importance of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems
      for wound healing following dental extractions. Four front teeth were extracted
      in rabbits; wound healing was measured as time until complete epithelial closure.
      The antifibrinolytic agent tranexamic acid shortened duration of wound healing in
      normal rabbits. Anti-coagulation with warfarin delayed epithelial closure, which
      was, however, normalized by simultaneous administration of tranexamic acid,
      whereas complete packing of the socket with oxidized cellulose had no corrective
      effect. Apical packing together with tranexamic acid gave normal healing. It is
      concluded that the quality of the fibrin network within the dental socket
      determines the rate of wound healing; oxidized cellulose is not an adequate
      substitute for fibrin.

PMID- 6584468
TI  - Effects of local anesthetics on pulpal blood flow in dogs.
AB  - Effects of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine (1:100,000) administered by the various
      local anesthetic techniques--i.e., infiltration, mandibular block, and
      intraseptal injection--on pulpal blood flow in dogs were determined using the 15
      microns radioisotope-labeled microsphere injection method. The pulpal blood flow
      decreased significantly with all three techniques; however, the most drastic
      reduction occurred in the molar teeth with the intraseptal injection. When 2%
      lidocaine without epinephrine was used in the intraseptal injection, pulpal blood
      flow increased significantly.

PMID- 6584469
TI  - Factors involved in artificial caries induction by oral streptococci in extracted
      human teeth.
AB  - This study assesses the abilities of S. mutans GS5 and BHT and S. sanguis G9B to
      produce subsurface lesions on smooth surfaces of extracted human teeth and
      examines factors which might be responsible for any differences encountered.
      Teeth were incubated in Brain Heart Infusion broth containing 2% sucrose and a
      pure culture of the organism to be tested, the media being changed each day for
      eight days. Surface and media pH's were measured. The mineral content of both the
      surface enamel and the subsurface lesions was determined by contact
      microradiography. Significantly deeper and more demineralized lesions were
      produced by GS5 than by either BHT or G9B. GS5 also produced a lower surface and
      medium pH and a more dense coating on the teeth. Similar results were obtained
      with GS5 and G9B when the BHI broth was replaced with FMC synthetic media. It is
      concluded that the system described is suitable for studying cariogenic potential
      and will be useful in measuring the anticariogenicity of suspected therapeutic
      agents.

PMID- 6584470
TI  - Anticariogenic effects of tea in rats.
AB  - Teas varying in fluoride and tannin concentration were evaluated in rats for
      anticariogenic activity. There was a direct correlation between fluoride in tea
      and the inhibition of sulcal caries in rats, whereas no relationship was observed
      between tannin and this type of lesion. Teas also had a significant effect on
      caries progression and imparted a black stain to the teeth.

PMID- 6584471
TI  - Tooth ultrastructure of late triassic Haramiyidae.
AB  - Six molars of Haramiyidae from the French lower Rhaetic were examined by scanning
      and transmission electron microscopy, and by electron diffraction. Typical
      polished wear facets were located on the tops and on the occlusal bases of
      cuspids. Enamel was found to have had a structural pattern defined as "pre
      prismatic", consisting of a repetitive pinnate orientation of the c-axes of
      apatite crystallites but without interprismatic material. Peritubular dentin was
      not found, but hydroxyapatite deposition in the dentinal tubular lumens was
      observed, whereas typical denticles with dentinal tubules and hydroxyapatite
      deposits were located in the pulp chambers. Taken together, these different
      features are strongly indicative of mastication, and hence enforce the suspected
      mammalian status of the Haramiyidae.

PMID- 6584472
TI  - Collagen and prostaglandin synthesis in force-stressed periodontal ligament in
      vitro.
AB  - A periodontal organ culture system capable of receiving orthodontic type forces
      was developed. Histological, radioautographical, collagen, and prostaglandin
      synthetic data demonstrated the vitality of the organ over a 24-hour period of
      culture. Significant increases in the proportion of type III collagen synthesized
      during periods of active stress were found, but no alterations in relative levels
      of prostaglandins synthesized during periods of force application were
      discernible.

PMID- 6584473
TI  - The surface roughness and gloss of composites.
AB  - The contrast gloss and the average roughness were measured for four commercial
      composite filling materials. Using a factorial design, each material was
      subjected to four available finishing methods. A significant difference was found
      in the contrast gloss among finishing methods, and a significant linear
      regression is given which relates the inverse of the contrast gloss to the
      average roughness. Surface gloss is proposed as playing a major role in the
      esthetic appearance of composite restorations.

PMID- 6584474
TI  - Prevention of in vitro secondary caries with an experimental fluoride-exchanging
      restorative resin.
AB  - We investigated the development of artificial caries lesions adjacent to
      experimental composite resins which release fluoride by ion exchange. Overall,
      compared with both a commercial, non-fluoride composite and a restorative
      silicate cement, the cavity walls and tooth surfaces immediately adjacent to the
      experimental resins developed fewer and/or smaller lesions. When lesions did
      develop, they did not penetrate as far along the cavity walls adjacent to the
      experimental materials. In general, the degree of protection imparted by the
      fluoride composites increased with increasing fluoride content. These results
      demonstrate the potential of these adhesive resins for restorative and other
      dental applications in which an extended fluoride presence would be of benefit.

PMID- 6584475
TI  - Reallocation in academic dentistry: a legal and administrative perspective.
AB  - Like other elements in higher education, academic dentistry is experiencing
      financial austerity and must be able to reallocate its resources in order to
      provide the optimal level of service within a given budget. Continuous, across
      the-board budget cuts will only reduce the quality of strong departments to the
      level of weak ones. Dental college faculty, with guidance and support from
      administrators, will need to develop procedures and criteria for program
      restructuring that will increase educational flexibility and link budgeting with
      planning. Seniority and tenure may be used as criteria for personnel action, but
      faculty must be aware that tenure is a method to achieve academic freedom and is
      not a guarantee of perpetual employment. The courts will not substitute their
      judgment for that of the university authorities in academic or personnel matters
      unless the institution's action is arbitrary, capricious, or discriminatory.

PMID- 6584476
TI  - Statewide dental auxiliary career mobility: an emerging reality for Kentucky.
AB  - The lack of articulation in allied health education has been identified as a
      significant barrier to career mobility. This paper describes an attempt to
      improve articulation of dental auxiliary training in Kentucky. Results included
      the development of a dental auxiliary core curriculum, an articulation model, and
      the successful negotiation of a systemwide transfer agreement. In addition, the
      project instilled a commitment on the part of the group members to continue
      working toward greater articulation for dental auxiliaries.

PMID- 6584477
TI  - Effectiveness of a dental school program in the prevention of infective
      endocarditis and other related infections.
AB  - Dental records of 99 patients for whom a medical consultation was required to
      establish or eliminate the need for infective endocarditis prophylaxis were
      examined. The purpose of the review was to determine if the consultative process
      was effective and if patients requiring antibiotic prophylaxis were managed
      according to the current American Heart Association guidelines. The record review
      indicated that the consultative process is effective in determining need but that
      there are deficiencies in management documentation. An analysis of the
      consultation replies revealed that dental staff members must be thoroughly
      familiar with the current American Heart Association recommendations for the
      prevention of infective endocarditis.

PMID- 6584478
TI  - The evaluation of twice-taken dental admission test scores.

PMID- 6584479
TI  - Using survey information for curriculum review.

PMID- 6584480
TI  - Student difficulties in achieving local anesthesia.

PMID- 6584481
TI  - Curricular guidelines in postdoctoral oral radiology.

PMID- 6584482
TI  - Career plans of dental school seniors at research schools.

PMID- 6584483
TI  - A treatment rationale for management of periodontal diseases.

PMID- 6584484
TI  - The Keyes system: a periodontist's commentary after a four-year trial.

PMID- 6584485
TI  - Dental practice insurance.

PMID- 6584486
TI  - Mercury toxicity: a rebuttal.

PMID- 6584487
TI  - MPD syndrome.

PMID- 6584489
TI  - Malignant hyperthermia in dental patients.
AB  - Malignant hyperthermia is a hypermetabolic, frequently fatal syndrome triggered
      by anesthetic drugs that occurs in genetically susceptible persons. Fatalities
      have been reported in patients receiving dental treatment with general
      anesthesia. The syndrome may also be triggered by stress, exercise, muscle
      injury, mild infections, and other nonpharmacologic agents or stimuli in
      conscious patients. Treatment is symptomatic and empiric, and potential reactors
      are not easily identified. However, criteria for identifying most susceptible
      persons have been established, and therapeutic agents for prophylaxis and
      treatment, which appear to be effective, are available. In this paper we report
      experiences with the syndrome and discuss an overview of its features, criteria
      used for identifying susceptible persons, prophylaxis, diagnostic features, and
      procedures to be followed should the syndrome develop.

PMID- 6584488
TI  - Intraligamentary anesthesia: a double-blind comparative study.
AB  - Three local anesthetic agents (Xylocaine 2%, Xylocaine 2% with epinephrine
      1:50,000, and Marcaine 0.5 with epinephrine 1:200,000) were injected intraorally
      using an intraligamentary injection technique. The study used a double-blind
      design and electrical tooth pulp stimulation to examine the duration of pulpal
      anesthesia. Patterns of recovery from each drug, subjective discomfort associated
      with each drug, pain of injection, and pain in comparison with local infiltration
      were also measured. The extent and duration of adjacent soft tissue anesthesia
      were recorded. Xylocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:50,000 produced the longest pulpal
      anesthesia. The decay pattern of this particular drug was less abrupt than that
      of the two others. No difference in discomfort or pain was found across the
      various drugs. There was no significant difference in pain at injection when
      intraligamentary anesthesia was compared with local infiltration. Post-injection
      pain was slightly lower with local infiltration. The extent of soft tissue
      anesthesia was significantly related to vasoconstrictor levels in the drugs. The
      study shows that duration of pulpal and soft tissue anesthesia can be tightly
      controlled by the operator and tailored specifically to planned dental
      procedures.

PMID- 6584490
TI  - Prediction of the widths of unerupted canines and premolars.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to develop, with simple linear regression analysis,
      equations that could accurately predict the mesiodistal widths of unerupted
      canines and premolars in both arches of the mixed dentition patient. Clinically
      useful prediction equations were developed and tested on a sample of orthodontic
      patients. Performance of the equations in patients was satisfactory. Charts and
      suggestions for completing a tooth size-arch length analysis in the patient with
      a mixed dentition were discussed.

PMID- 6584491
TI  - Garre's osteomyelitis of the mandible resolved by endodontic treatment.
AB  - A case of Garre's osteomyelitis of the mandible is presented. The occlusal
      radiographs are good examples of the redundant cortical layering of the bone
      (onion skinning) that is classically found with this phenomenon. The cause of
      this case was a necrotic pulp in a carious molar with a periapical radiolucent
      area. We believe this is the first reported case in which an odontogenic source
      of infection (carious tooth) was treated not by extraction but by endodontic
      therapy. During the year after the root canal filling, the periapical radiolucent
      area filled in with new bone and the bony expansion of the mandible was
      completely resolved.

PMID- 6584492
TI  - Oral mucosal presentation of lymphoma: report of case.
AB  - We have presented a case of diffuse mixed lymphocytic and histiocytic lymphoma
      that appeared as persistent oral ulcerations in a pituitary dwarf with combined
      variable immunodeficiency. The difficulty in diagnosis is emphasized and the
      differential features of polymorphic reticulosis, Wegener's granulomatosis,
      malignant lymphoma, and idiopathic midline destructive disease have been
      reviewed. Awareness of these disease processes and their distinguishing features
      may expedite accurate diagnosis.

PMID- 6584493
TI  - Olfactory neuroblastoma: report of case.
AB  - A case of olfactory neuroblastoma has been presented. The clinical signs and
      symptoms described in this case are not uncommon and often result in early
      misdiagnosis. The favorable prognosis for olfactory neuroblastoma dictates early
      diagnosis, using the clinical signs and symptoms along with adjunctive aids such
      as incisional biopsy, panoramic survey, and CT scanning. Surgical excision
      followed by radiation therapy in an early diagnosed case of olfactory
      neuroblastoma greatly increases the five-year survival rate.

PMID- 6584494
TI  - Difficulties in achieving local anesthesia.

PMID- 6584495
TI  - Localization of maxillary third molar immobilized within an infected maxillary
      sinus.
AB  - Because a condition of this type could not be detected with intraoral
      radiographs, the panoramic radiograph was the logical choice for further
      diagnostic information without resorting to the specialized extraoral radiographs
      of the maxillary sinus (Waters' view or anteroposterior extraoral radiograph, for
      example). As the panoramic radiograph is a fast, simple, and relatively
      inexpensive procedure, all dentists should make use of this technique when a
      patient with these symptoms is involved.

PMID- 6584496
TI  - Ingestion of mandibular complete denture.
AB  - A broken mandibular denture was accidentally swallowed by a mentally incompetent
      patient. Dentists and nursing staff must be aware of the problems encountered in
      the care of such patients who wear removable dental prostheses. To aid in
      radiologic diagnosis, an opaque disk or foil should be used in the construction
      of an acrylic or plastic dental prosthesis. All removable dental prostheses
      should have additional patient identification that can be easily detected in
      radiographs.

PMID- 6584497
TI  - Evaluation of an alginate substitute using specification requirements.

PMID- 6584498
TI  - Multiple recurrences of a lesion at the base of the tongue.
AB  - A patient with a well-differentiated liposarcoma at the base of the tongue is
      reported. The patient experienced many local recurrences over 37 years yet
      remained free of metastases. Liposarcomas of the oral cavity are rare and are not
      usually included in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue masses in the oral
      region. As these tumors may occur anywhere that adipose tissue is found, the
      possibility of a slowly enlarging asymptomatic, grossly well-defined, soft to
      firm mass being a liposarcoma must be remembered. Because of the difficulties
      sometimes experienced in histologically distinguishing between low-grade well
      differentiated liposarcoma and certain lipomas, any recurrence of a lipoma should
      be viewed with a great deal of suspicion about the original diagnosis.

PMID- 6584499
TI  - Consensus development conference statement on dental sealants in the prevention
      of tooth decay. National Institutes of Health.

PMID- 6584500
TI  - Agreement between the ADA and the Health Insurance Association of America for
      acceptance of claim forms without signatures. Council on Dental Care Programs.

PMID- 6584501
TI  - Effects of prostaglandin E on the proliferation and differentiation of leukemic
      progenitor cells in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - The effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on leukemia colony formation were
      investigated in seven cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. In contrast to the
      almost constant results observed for normal myeloid colony formation, in patients
      there were apparent individual variations. Strong inhibition of colony formation
      by PGE1 was observed in three cases. In one case, enhancement rather than
      inhibition was observed. These in vitro inhibitory or stimulatory effects of PGE1
      were not related to the degree of the in vivo proliferation of leukemia cells.
      Morphologic analysis of colonies revealed that preferential inhibition of
      monocytic colony formation by PGE1, characteristic of normal bone marrow
      cultures, was not always observed in leukemia cell cultures. These abnormal
      responses to PGE1 suggest that the proliferation and differentiation of leukemic
      progenitor cells are regulated in a different way from normal hemopoiesis.

PMID- 6584502
TI  - [When and how to perform minor tooth movement].

PMID- 6584503
TI  - [Dental cements and standards for selection].

PMID- 6584504
TI  - [Mucogingival surgery with the use of citric acid].

PMID- 6584505
TI  - [Dental students today].

PMID- 6584506
TI  - [Public dental health activities in Nagano prefecture].

PMID- 6584507
TI  - [Prevention of hepatitis B in dentistry].

PMID- 6584508
TI  - [Nutritional instruction for dental patients].

PMID- 6584509
TI  - [Intercellular junctions in the gingival epithelium].

PMID- 6584510
TI  - Cooperation of IgG monoclonal antibodies in macrophage antibody-dependent
      cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) to tumor targets.
AB  - Six IgG monoclonal antibodies representing the four murine IgG isotypes were
      active individually in ADCC to T-lymphoma targets mediated by murine macrophages
      and human blood K cells. The monoclonals were directed against four antigens (Thy
      1.2, H-2k, Ly 2.1, Ly 9.2). None was as effective in ADCC as allo-anti-Thy-1.2
      serum or rabbit anti-mouse spleen serum, even at plateau levels of killing.
      Monoclonals gave the highest levels of ADCC at relatively low amounts of antibody
      bound to targets; increasing the amount of bound antibody by 10- to 100-fold did
      not increase murine macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity. In contrast, ADCC using
      alloantiserum continued to increase over the same range of antibody bound to the
      tumor targets. The activity of individual monoclonals was not enhanced by the
      presence of various dilutions of normal mouse or rabbit serum, suggesting that
      the superiority of the allo- and hetero-antisera was due to their content of
      heterogeneous antibodies. IgG monoclonals of different isotypes and recognizing
      different antigens gave enhanced ADCC in combination; monoclonals to the same
      antigen did not. An IgM anti-Thy-1.2 monoclonal was inactive in ADCC and
      inhibited the activity of IgG monoclonals of the same specificity. These studies
      show that IgG antibodies of different specificity and class can collaborate in
      ADCC, and that this cooperative effect is not due simply to increased amounts of
      antibody bound to the tumor targets.

PMID- 6584511
TI  - Noninvasive studies of Kupffer cells in situ by magnetometry.
AB  - Magnetic iron oxide (gamma-Fe2O3) particles were injected intravenously into four
      male New Zealand white rabbits. Most of these particles were phagocytized by the
      Kupffer cells. When the animal was placed in a magnetic field, the particles in
      the liver became magnetized and aligned. After removal of the external
      magnetizing field, the particles collectively produced a remanent magnetic field
      which was measured at the body surface. The strength of this field was
      proportional to the amount of magnetic particles present in the liver; sequential
      measurements thus allowed us to describe their disappearance from the liver.
      After each magnetization, the remanent field rapidly decayed due to particle
      rotation (relaxation). Since the particles were confined in phagosomes or
      secondary lysosomes we conclude that movements of these organelles due to
      cytoplasmic motion caused relaxation. Magnetic particles might therefore serve as
      probes for cytoplasmic motility of Kupffer cells in situ.

PMID- 6584512
TI  - Genetic control of macrophage activation for killing of extracellular targets.
AB  - Activated peritoneal macrophages from Corynebacterium parvum-treated mice of most
      inbred strains, including C57BL/6J (B), are cytotoxic to adherent 1023 sarcoma
      target cells as well as to larvae of Schistosoma mansoni. Macrophages from A/J
      (A) strain mice, on the other hand, are defective in this function. Segregation
      analysis of these two traits was compatible with the hypothesis that effective
      activation is, in each case, controlled by a single, dominant, autosomal gene.
      Typing of individual animals of the segregating backcross progeny and of AXB/BXA
      recombinant inbred strains for the expression of macrophage activation for
      tumoricidal and schistosomulicidal activity indicates that the genetic control of
      these two traits is closely linked or identical.

PMID- 6584513
TI  - Characterization of rabbit neutrophil membrane proteins. A 140K major membrane
      protein is the predominant Con A-binding protein.
AB  - The major plasma membrane proteins of rabbit neutrophils were characterized by
      SDS-PAGE, surface iodination, 125I-concanavalin A binding, and detergent
      extraction. Neutrophil membranes were prepared which lacked significant
      intracellular contamination with good retention of protease-sensitive proteins.
      The major protein and predominant Con A-binding protein was as surface exposed,
      140,000 D (gp 140) protein which was solubilized by nonionic detergents but not
      low ionic strength. Actin and myosin but not other cytosol proteins were
      prominently associated with the isolated membrane particularly in a Triton
      insoluble form. Membranes were also prepared from surface-iodinated neutrophils
      previously stimulated with a chemotactic peptide or degranulated. The granule
      membrane enzyme alkaline phosphatase was incorporated into the plasma membrane
      fraction of degranulated neutrophils. However, the membrane proteins in the
      different membrane preparations were identical on SDS-PAGE and autoradiography.
      Therefore, using these techniques, no major alterations in protein composition of
      the plasma membrane could be detected following stimulation or degranulation of
      rabbit neutrophils.

PMID- 6584514
TI  - Decreased fibronectin biosynthesis by human cord blood mononuclear phagocytes in
      vitro.
AB  - Cultured cord blood monocytes synthesize significantly less fibronectin than
      cultured monocyte-macrophages from adult peripheral blood. Biosynthesis of the
      second component of complement in vitro is similar for both cell systems. The
      monocyte-macrophages from neonates and adults have similar functional and
      morphologic properties in long-term cultures. The decreased monocyte-macrophage
      biosynthesis of fibronectin observed in vitro may be in part related to the
      reduced plasma fibronectin concentrations and reticuloendothelial system
      hypofunction which occur in newborn infants.

PMID- 6584515
TI  - Qualitative and quantitative differences between resident peritoneal mononuclear
      phagocytes of beige and control mice.
AB  - A qualitative and quantitative comparison of resident peritoneal macrophages
      (RPM) from beige (C57BL6Jbg/bg), (bg), and control black (C57BL/6J), (BL), mice
      has been made. Giant anomalous lysosomes as described for other leukocytes are
      inconsistently demonstrable. The principal morphological expression of the bg
      phenotype in RPM is the presence of elongated dumbbell-shaped, horseshoe-shaped,
      and ring-formed cytoplasmic lysosomes demonstrable by electron microscopy.
      Detailed analysis indicates that these are probably variations of the same basic
      structure, a deformed biconcave disc with differences in form resulting from
      their being cut in various planes of section. Additional structural complexity
      results from fusion between adjacent lysosomes. Thus the distinctive lysosomes of
      bg mouse RPM are not totally analogous to those structures described in other
      cell types. A morphometric analysis of control RPM compared to those from bg
      animals shows a significant decrease in the lysosomal volume proportion from 5.8%
      to 5.0% (P less than 0.02) with a corresponding increase in the mitochondrial
      volume proportion in cells from bg animals (P less than 0.05). There are no
      differences between bg and controls in regard to cellular profile areas, nuclear
      profile areas, nuclear volume proportions, and the volume to surface ratios of
      either the average cell or nucleus. This study represents the first compilation
      by morphometric methods of total granule content in the bg animal and
      demonstrates the ability of these techniques to detect significant quantitative
      changes in cells as structurally complex as mononuclear phagocytes.

PMID- 6584516
TI  - Abortive ectromelia virus infection in peritoneal macrophages activated by
      Corynebacterium parvum.
AB  - We have previously demonstrated that peritoneal macrophages (M phi S) from C3H
      mice were resistant to in vitro infection by ectromelia virus, following
      activation by intraperitoneal injection of the immunomodulator Corynebacterium
      parvum. In contrast, resident and mineral oil-elicited M phi S were fully
      susceptible to virus infection. This report analyzes the infectious cycle of
      ectromelia virus in C parvum-activated and mineral oil-elicited M phi S and
      demonstrates that an abortive infection occurred in the activated M phi S that
      blocked the infectious cycle prior to the release of DNA from the infecting
      virions. The kinetics of adsorption of radiolabeled virus were similar in both
      susceptible and resistant M phi cultures; however, viral-induced incorporation of
      uridine and thymidine occurred only in the mineral oil-elicited and not the C
      parvum-activated M phi S. In addition, the late protein hemagglutinin was only
      detected in infected cultures of susceptible mineral oil-elicited M phi S. An
      electron micrographic analysis of the infectious cycle indicated that the
      adsorption of virus to the plasma membrane, uptake into lysosomes, and the
      primary undercoating and release of viral cores into the M phi cytoplasm were
      identical in both M phi types. In contrast, secondary uncoating (release of
      genomic DNA from the viral cores into the cytoplasm) was never detected in
      infected C parvum M phi S. These data are consistent with our previous findings
      and with the hypothesis that activation of M phi S by C parvum induces an
      interferon-mediated resistance to ectromelia virus infection.

PMID- 6584517
TI  - The effect of temperature and starvation on the clearance of bacteria from the
      bloodstream of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson).
AB  - The blood clearance of 51Cr-labeled heat-killed Salmonella pullorum was generally
      biphasic and exponential for each phase. Starvation had little significant effect
      on this pattern, although the rate of first phase clearance was probably slower.
      Raising the water temperature from 8 degrees C to 18 degrees C enhanced the rate
      of clearance of the second phase to almost exactly double that at 8 degrees C. At
      18 hr postinoculation, the spleen contained much more radioactivity per gm than
      any other tissue. This finding is in marked contrast to earlier work that showed
      that at 1 hr postinoculation, the kidney contained the most, and it suggests that
      redistribution of bacteria occurred. The most distinct effect of temperature
      stress on tissue localization of bacteria was in the heart: A rising temperature
      stress caused increased numbers of bacteria to localize within the heart. Less
      clear-cut changes were also seen in other tissues with different treatments. With
      the possible exception of starvation effecting a slower first phase clearance
      rate, we have been unable to demonstrate that the vascular clearance mechanisms,
      including the reticuloendothelial system, are significantly compromised by
      raising the water temperature or by starvation.

PMID- 6584518
TI  - Human monocyte to macrophage differentiation in vitro: characterization and
      mechanisms of the increased antibody-dependent cytotoxicity associated with
      differentiation.
AB  - Human monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation in vitro is associated with marked
      enhancement in the capacity to bind and lyse antibody-opsonized red blood cells
      (rbc). We previously demonstrated that this was due in part to an increased
      number of Fc receptors. The current study further characterized the mechanism of
      this enhanced macrophage as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). We
      observed that 1) macrophages but not monocytes lysed "innocent bystander" rbc as
      well as opsonized rbc; 2) macrophages exhibited an increased hexose monophosphate
      shunt activity compared to monocytes; 3) macrophage produced H2O2 but not OH.;
      and 4) macrophage lyses of opsonized rbc were 80% O2 dependent. We conclude that
      human monocyte-to-macrophage maturation in vitro is associated with an enhanced
      O2-dependent cytotoxic mechanism normally present in monocytes. The enhanced H2O2
      production noted in macrophages may reflect an increased generation of several
      other reactive oxygen species in these cells. One of these oxygen radicals may be
      the mediator of the enhanced macrophage cytotoxicity and of the "innocent
      bystander" phenomenon observed.

PMID- 6584519
TI  - Purification of murine macrophage cytotoxin (MCT).
AB  - Macrophage cytotoxin (MCT) can be induced from peritoneal exudate macrophage
      monolayers (PEMM) obtained from thioglycollate-treated mice, by exposure of PEMM
      to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or to double-stranded polyinosinic: poly-cytidylic
      acid (poly-l:poly-C). MCT is highly labile even upon storage at 4 degrees C, and
      is irreversibly denatured by isolectricfocusing, polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis in the absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), or by exposure to
      ethylene glycol. alpha-MCT [150,000 daltons (d)] has been highly purified (2,000-
      to 5,000-fold) from serum-free, PEMM supernatants by a scheme of concentration,
      molecular sieving on Ultrogel AcA 44, negative hydrophobic affinity
      chromatography on benzyl-agarose, and ion exchange chromatography on aminoethyl
      agarose. The scheme results in high yield of MCT, in part because of the rapidity
      with which the labile toxin is manipulated due to the tandemization of the
      chromatographic steps.

PMID- 6584520
TI  - Macrophage-mediated tumor lysis induced by loach egg lectin.
AB  - Vertebrate lectin purified from loach egg was tested for induction of tumor lysis
      mediated by macrophages. Loach egg lectin lysed tumor cells but not normal spleen
      cells in cooperation with BCG- or glucan (TAK)-elicited peritoneal macrophages of
      mice. Corynebacterium parvum-, OK432-, glycogen-, lipopolysaccharide-elicited or
      resident macrophages were not effective. Neither loach egg lectin nor BCG nor
      glucan macrophages alone had a cytolytic action on tumor cells. Thus, the
      vertebrate lectin from loach egg is a mediator in macrophage-mediated tumor
      lysis, inducing binding of macrophages to target cells. This lectin-dependent
      macrophage-mediated cytolysis (LDMC) was inhibited by galactose, N
      acetylgalactosamine, fucose, or rhamnose. These results suggest that tumor cells
      can be recognized via glycoconjugates on cell membrane in addition to tumor
      associated antigen and that some animal lectins participate in macrophage
      mediated tumor lysis.

PMID- 6584521
TI  - Macrophage activation by adjuvants in aging mice.
AB  - Peritoneal macrophages from young (3-8 mo) and aging (12-29 mo) mice of the C58,
      BALB/c, C3H/He, C57BI/6J, and B6D2F1 stains were compared for their capacity to
      become activated by various adjuvants in four assays. In chemiluminescence,
      activation by phorbol myristic acetate or zymosan of macrophages from aging mice
      of the C58, BALB/c, and C3H/He strains was increased approximately twofold
      greater than that of cells from young mice. A reversal of this was seen in the
      same three strains when measuring activation of phagocytosis by
      lipopolysaccharide, polyadenylate:polyuridylate (polyA:poly U), or muramyl
      dipeptide in that increased activity was induced readily in macrophages from
      young but not aging mice. Similarly, tumoricidal activity of macrophages from
      young but not aging mice was stimulated 6.0- and 4.4-fold by lipopolysaccharide
      and poly A:poly U, respectively, in the C58 strain (the only strain studied).
      Activation by lipopolysaccharide and poly A:poly U of the hexose monophosphate
      shunt in macrophages from the C58 and C3H/He strains also was significant in
      young but not aging mice, whereas it occurred in both age groups of the BALB/c
      and C57B1/6J mice. A reversal of response patterns was observed between aging
      female virgin and breeder C58 mice in the chemiluminescence and hexose
      monophosphate shunt assays in that the breeding mice mimicked the young virgin
      mice.

PMID- 6584522
TI  - Involution of the chicken bursa of Fabricius: a light microscopic study with
      special reference to transport of colloidal carbon in the involuting bursa.
AB  - The involution of the bursa of Fabricius in White Leghorn chickens and the
      transport of colloidal carbon in the involuting bursa were studied on light
      microscopy. In chickens, from newly hatched to 23.5 weeks of age, the bursa was
      weighed, its histology was described, and the mitoses in the cortical and
      medullary compartments of the lymphoid follicles were counted. Decrease in bursal
      weight and in the number of mitoses were observed between 10 and 16 weeks of age.
      During week 17.5, the follicle-associated epithelium began to lose its endocytic
      capability, and mucin droplets appeared in the follicular medulla initiating the
      large mucoid cysts that were seen in the later phases of involution. The
      involutionary process was almost completed by week 23.5, when the bursa appeared
      as a fibrotic residue without intact lymphoepithelial structures. The particulate
      tracer used, colloidal carbon, was not observed to be transported to other organs
      from the bursa. The present study gives further support to the idea that after
      completing its central immune function in 6 weeks [21] the bursa, as estimated
      histologically, still possesses capacity to function like a peripheral lymphoid
      organ until 16 weeks of age.

PMID- 6584523
TI  - Macrophage microtubules: an optimized method for the assay of tubulin
      concentration and state of polymerization in macrophages.
AB  - We describe a method for the assay of total tubulin content and the tubulin
      dimer/polymer ratio in cultured macrophages (MPs). The assay is based on the
      specific binding of [3H]colchicine to tubulin dimer units and on the separation
      of free and tubulin-complexed [3H]colchicine on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)
      cellulose filters. The native state of microtubules (MTs) was conserved by
      suspending the cells in a microtubule-stabilizing solution specifically adapted
      for use with MPs and by disrupting the cells under carefully chosen conditions.
      Intact MTs were isolated from the cell homogenate by centrifugation at 150,000 X
      g and were subsequently depolymerized. [3H]Colchicine binding assays were
      performed on both the supernatant fraction, containing the pool of soluble
      tubulin, and on the deploymerized MTs. By using this method, we examined the
      influence of low temperature and of a number of agents known to affect MP
      function, on the tubulin dimer/polymer ratio in guinea pig peritoneal MPs. The
      results of the biochemical assay correlated well with the published information,
      derived by morphologic and functional approaches, on the effect of cold and of
      these agents on MTs in phagocytic cells.

PMID- 6584524
TI  - The proliferation kinetics of pulmonary alveolar macrophages.
AB  - In this study the proliferation kinetics of pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs)
      are determined using [3H]thymidine labeling, flow cytofluorimetry, metaphase
      arrest, and the percentage of labeled mitoses. The demonstration of in situ PAM
      proliferation is demonstrated beyond doubt. Comparison of the turnover time,
      calculated from cell kinetic parameters, with the experimentally determined
      migration times shows that the contribution proliferating PAMs make to their own
      population size is significant. Indeed, a strong case may be made to show that
      some 70% of the PAM population is produced by intra-alveolar divisions of "free"
      PAMs.

PMID- 6584525
TI  - Function of human alveolar macrophages from normal volunteers and cigarette
      smokers: effect of cystic fibrosis serum.
AB  - Previous studies demonstrated that serum from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients
      specifically inhibited Pseudomonas phagocytosis by both normal and CF alveolar
      macrophages. In the present study, inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
      phagocytosis by CF serum was significantly less on macrophages from heavy smokers
      than on cells from normal volunteers (P less than 0.01). Normal volunteer cells
      cultured for 10 days were also less affected by CF serum as compared to cells
      cultured for 24 hours from the same individual (P less than 0.01). Altered
      morphology (increased size and spreading on glass surfaces) and increased
      intracellular glycosidases of these cells were suggestive of a difference in the
      state of activation compared to normal cells. Macrophages from heavy smokers and
      10-day cultures from normal volunteers were inhibited by heated CF serum,
      suggesting that complement-mediated opsonization was responsible for attachment
      or ingestion of P. aeruginosa in CF serum by these macrophages.

PMID- 6584526
TI  - Lysosomal glycosidases in mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated in vitro with
      soluble and insoluble glycans.
AB  - Mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with insoluble glycans in vitro release
      high amounts of acid hydrolases, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, beta-D
      glucuronidase, and beta-D-galactosidase. The most potent of the stimulatory
      glycans is a beta-1,3-D-glucan isolated from yeast cell walls. Up to 50% of total
      enzyme activity was found in the medium after stimulation with this glycan for
      three days. Agarose, another insoluble glycan containing an alternating sequence
      of the disaccharide beta-1,3-D-galactose-alpha-1,4-3,6-anhydro-L-galactose units
      was less potent. The soluble beta-1,3-D-glucan laminaran, which also contains
      small amounts of mannitol, was not able to induce release of acid glycosidases
      from macrophages. The release was independent of serum since macrophages cultured
      under serum-free conditions showed nearly the same pattern of enzyme activities,
      both in the cells and media. There was no increased release of the acid hydrolase
      alpha-D-mannosidase after stimulation with the insoluble beta-1,3-D-glucan for
      three days. The release of the lysosomal glycosidases was not due to cell death,
      since only small amounts of the cytoplasmic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase were
      found in the culture media. Insoluble polystyrene latex particles were not able
      to stimulate mouse macrophages to release lysosomal glycosidases. Tritiated
      glycans (amylose, dextran, laminaran, the insoluble beta-1,3-D-glucan, and
      agarose) and the p-nitrophenyl-glycopyranoside derivatives were used as
      substrates to investigate whether the macrophages contained or released
      glucanases capable of degrading alpha-1,4-D-glucans, alpha-1-6-D-glucans, beta
      1,3-D-glucans, and agarose respectively. We conclude that the glycans were not
      degraded in macrophage cultures during the time period tested nor were the
      enzymes induced in macrophages by the glycans during in vitro culture for seven
      days.

PMID- 6584527
TI  - Macrophage effector function in pulmonary oxygen toxicity: hyperoxia damages and
      stimulates alveolar macrophages to make and release chemotaxins for
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
AB  - Macrophages synthesize many secretory products in vitro but the stimuli for their
      production and their pathophysiologic significance in vivo are largely unknown.
      In the present investigation, we found that hyperoxia damaged rabbit alveolar
      macrophages (AM) in vitro as manifested by decreased cell numbers, increased
      lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and the development of ultrastructural
      abnormalities that resembled those seen in AM in situ or lavaged from lungs of
      rabbits exposed to hyperoxia in vivo. Hyperoxia also stimulated cultured rabbit
      AM to release chemotaxins for polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) that were
      similar in molecular weight to chemotaxins obtained from lung lavages of rabbits
      exposed to hyperoxia in vivo. Our results suggest that alveolar macrophage
      secretory products may play a physiologically relevant role in recruitment of PMN
      to the lungs in pulmonary oxygen toxicity.

PMID- 6584529
TI  - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS): precautions for health care workers.

PMID- 6584528
TI  - Macrophages in resistance to rickettsial infections: protection against lethal
      Rickettsia tsutsugamushi infections by treatment of mice with macrophage
      activating agents.
AB  - Peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c and C3H/HeN mice activated in vivo by
      intraperitoneal inoculation of viable Mycobacterium bovis strain BCG or the
      nonliving macrophage-activating agent Propionibacterium acnes (Corynebacterium
      parvum), were resistant to infection with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, and they
      killed bacteria that did gain entry into the intracellular environment of these
      cells. This macrophage resistance to infection and intracellular destruction of
      rickettsiae was dependent upon development of an immune response to the
      activating agents, since macrophages elicited by sterile inflammatory agents
      failed to display either microbicidal activity unless cells were exposed to
      factors present in lymphokine-rich culture fluids from antigen or mitogen
      stimulated spleen cells (LK) in vitro. C3H/HeN mice that had been treated with
      activating agents, but not sterile inflammatory irritants, also survived
      intraperitoneal inoculation of up to 10(4) R. tsutsugamushi. This nonspecific
      protection required the chronic presence of activated macrophages: acute immune
      response induced by intraperitoneal injection of PPD into mice inoculated
      intradermally with BCG, or intraperitoneal inoculation of conconavalin A, were
      not sufficient to induce survival of rickettsial disease, although macrophages
      from these animals were activated to kill rickettsiae at the time of challenge.
      The critical nature of activated macrophages in nonspecific protection against
      rickettsial infection was demonstrated with the macrophage-defective C3H/HeJ
      mice. These mice are equally as susceptible as C3H/HeN mice to intraperitoneal
      inoculation of R. tsutsugamushi, but do not develop activated macrophages in
      response to BCG infection, and are not protected against lethal rickettsial
      challenge following BCG treatment.

PMID- 6584530
TI  - Central giant cell granuloma of the mandible: a case report.

PMID- 6584531
TI  - School-based self-applied fluoride programs in Maryland.

PMID- 6584532
TI  - Diary of a China tour.

PMID- 6584533
TI  - A national advertising campaign? It's your decision.

PMID- 6584534
TI  - A clinico-pathologic presentation.

PMID- 6584535
TI  - Incidence and detection of bulimia in a family practice population.
AB  - In a study of a family practice population, 20 percent of the 176 participants,
      ranging in age from 14 to 42 years, showed abnormal eating concerns and habits as
      indicated by their responses on a modified version of the Eating Attitudes Test
      (EAT). Clinically these patients had more visits to a physician per year and more
      complaints per visit, but these differences were not statistically significant.
      Over 10.9 percent of the sample population appeared to fulfill the criteria for
      the eating disorder bulimia. These patients were also significantly heavier than
      patients who did not have abnormal eating concerns and habits.

PMID- 6584536
TI  - Retinal projections to the lateral hypothalamus and lateroposterior pulvinar
      nuclear complex in the rat.

PMID- 6584537
TI  - Selective antagonism by uranyl nitrate against Formosan krait venom--Part II.

PMID- 6584538
TI  - Anticoagulant and antiplatelet properties of piracetam.

PMID- 6584539
TI  - A prospective study of soft tissue calcification in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute
      renal failure.

PMID- 6584540
TI  - Analysis of the inflammatory cells in imprints from human tumors.

PMID- 6584541
TI  - [Immunologic assessment of urogenital carcinoma].

PMID- 6584542
TI  - [Axial length and lens thickness in the normal adult eye].

PMID- 6584543
TI  - Thrombosis of dural sinuses and cerebral veins: the CT findings.

PMID- 6584544
TI  - [Measurement of intragastric pH during endoscopic examination: clinical
      application and evaluation].

PMID- 6584545
TI  - The early results of highly selective vagotomy plus pyloric dilatation or
      pyloroplasty for obstructing duodenal ulcers.

PMID- 6584546
TI  - [Distal renal tubular acidosis and Sjogren's syndrome: a case report].

PMID- 6584547
TI  - Sulfate conjugation of dopamine in rat brain: regional distribution of activity
      and evidence for neuronal localization.
AB  - Brain tissue contains at least two forms of phenolsulfotransferase that are
      involved in the sulfate conjugation of biogenic amines and their metabolites. Two
      apparent Km values were obtained for p-nitrophenol at pH 7.4 (0.6 microM and 0.3
      mM) but only one enzyme had the capacity to conjugate dopamine (Km = 130 microM).
      Dopamine sulfotransferase activity was found to vary 17-fold in different brain
      regions, with the highest levels in diencephalon, hippocampus, and striatum. To
      determine the cellular localization of the enzymes, phenolsulfotransferase
      activity was measured in striatum following selective destruction of striatal
      neurons by stereotaxic injection of 2 micrograms kainic acid. Fourteen days after
      injection the catecholamine sulfotransferase activity in the lesioned striatum
      was reduced to approximately 40-50% of that in the control contralateral
      striatum. There was a statistically significant correlation between the ratio of
      lesioned to control activity for the sulfotransferase and the neuronal marker
      enzymes glutamate decarboxylase and neuron-specific enolase. p-Nitrophenol
      sulfotransferase activity was also decreased in the lesioned striatum. These
      results suggest that PST activity is present within the kainic acid-sensitive
      neurons of the striatum. The regional variation in activity, together with the
      results of the kainic acid studies, suggest that sulfate conjugation of biogenic
      amines and their metabolites in brain may take place within specific types of
      neurons.

PMID- 6584548
TI  - How sweet it is.

PMID- 6584549
TI  - Current philosophy regarding treatment of avulsed teeth.

PMID- 6584551
TI  - Records audit: a useful tool in quality assessment for the dental practitioner.

PMID- 6584550
TI  - An anatomic variation in the technique of mandibular anesthesia.

PMID- 6584552
TI  - How sweet it may be.

PMID- 6584553
TI  - Calcium hydroxide therapy for chronic periodontal diseases.

PMID- 6584554
TI  - Bilateral percutaneous cervical cordotomy: immediate and long-term results in 36
      patients with neoplastic disease.
AB  - Thirty-six patients with neoplastic disease suffering from chronic bilateral pain
      were subjected to bilateral percutaneous cervical cordotomy. The technique and
      precautions to be taken in bilateral percutaneous cervical cordotomy performed
      either in one or two stages are described using a traditional or Levin's
      thermocouple-monitored electrode. The sequelae, complications and immediate and
      long-term results are reported.

PMID- 6584555
TI  - Teschler-Nicola/Killian syndrome: a sporadic case in an 11-year-old male.

PMID- 6584556
TI  - Teschler-Nicola/Killian syndrome.

PMID- 6584557
TI  - "Killian Syndrome", Pallister mosaic syndrome, or mosaic tetrasomy 12P? - an
      analysis.

PMID- 6584558
TI  - Teschler-Nicola/Killian syndrome: a case report.

PMID- 6584559
TI  - A case report of Teschler-Nicola/Killian syndrome.

PMID- 6584560
TI  - Abnormal hair, craniofacial dysmorphism, and severe mental retardation - a new
      syndrome?

PMID- 6584562
TI  - Measurement in nursing practice and research.

PMID- 6584563
TI  - Empathy training for nursing students.

PMID- 6584564
TI  - A vision for nursing's future.

PMID- 6584561
TI  - Randomized phase II trial of carminomycin versus 4'-epidoxorubicin in advanced
      breast cancer.
AB  - Sixty-three evaluable patients with advanced breast cancer were randomly
      allocated to receive three-week intravenous courses of carminomycin (18 mg/m2) or
      4'-epidoxorubicin (90 mg/m2). The former yielded one (3%) partial response for
      nine weeks among 29 patients whereas, in the other arm, nine (27%) of 34 patients
      achieved partial response for a median of 28 weeks (range, nine to 36 weeks; p
      less than 0.02). The major toxic effect of these anthracyclines was leukopenia
      with median white blood cell nadirs of 1,600/microL (range, 300-4,000/microL)
      versus 1,800/microL (range, 500-4,300/microL), respectively. Acute nonhematologic
      toxic effects were qualitatively similar but carminomycin produced significantly
      less gastrointestinal intolerance and alopecia. Patients whose disease failed to
      respond to first-line anthracycline received doxorubicin (60 mg/m2) every three
      weeks. Four partial responses were obtained among 19 patients previously treated
      with carminomycin. Following 4'-epidoxorubicin therapy, one of 12 evaluable
      patients also attained partial response. Survival curves were not affected by the
      initial treatment option. Carminomycin has marginal activity against breast
      cancer whereas 4'-epidoxorubicin deserves further evaluation of its therapeutic
      index relative to doxorubicin. The design used in this trial appears attractive
      for prompt phase II evaluation of anthracycline analogs.

PMID- 6584565
TI  - Why nurses are leaving employment in state-supported psychiatric centers: a
      comparison of the views of staff nurses and directors of nursing.

PMID- 6584566
TI  - Educating the public about general anesthesia.

PMID- 6584567
TI  - Redefinition of pain control techniques.

PMID- 6584568
TI  - The role of the intraosseous osteosynthesis wire in sagittal split osteotomies
      for mandibular advancement.
AB  - Two groups of 20 patients who were treated for mandibular hypoplasia by surgical
      lengthening of the mandible using the bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy
      were followed pre- and postoperatively using serial lateral cephalograms. One
      group of patients was treated without internal fixation and the second group,
      with superior border intraosseous osteosynthesis wiring. Both groups were
      evaluated for postoperative skeletal and occlusal changes and the results were
      compared. A notably greater amount of relapse was observed in the group of
      patients in whom no intraosseous wiring was used.

PMID- 6584569
TI  - Soft tissue changes associated with advancement genioplasty performed
      concomitantly with superior repositioning of the maxilla.
AB  - A retrospective study of the osseous and soft tissue changes of the chins of ten
      patients treated for vertical maxillary excess by Le Fort I osteotomy and
      advancement genioplasty was undertaken. The patients were characterized by
      excessive lower anterior facial height, obtuse or normal nasolabial angles,
      prominent maxillary incisors, lip incompetence, everted lower lips, anterior open
      bites, lack of chin prominence, and excessive chin height. A change in the
      proportion of osseous to soft tissue of 1.0 to 0.87 was obtained by advancement
      genioplasty and concomitant superior repositioning of the maxilla by Le Fort I
      osteotomy.

PMID- 6584570
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of lateral pharyngeal space infections.
AB  - The lateral pharyngeal space is composed of an anterior and posterior
      compartment. Infection may involve both compartments; however, each compartment
      may be involved individually with distinctly different clinical findings. This
      article reviews infections of the lateral pharyngeal space and their treatment.

PMID- 6584572
TI  - Giant cell tumor of the mandible.
AB  - A case of giant cell tumor of the mandible is presented, with treatment and
      follow-up for two and a half years. Although the lesion had characteristics of
      giant cell granuloma described by Jaffe, its aggressive clinical behavior
      influenced the diagnosis and treatment. Prosthetic rehabilitation was
      accomplished with a mandibular staple bone plate placed through a bone graft.

PMID- 6584571
TI  - Treatment of facial fractures in neurologically injured patients.
AB  - The clinical records of 53 patients who had head injury and facial trauma were
      reviewed and analyzed to ascertain what affect head injury had on the repair of
      facial fractures. The study was designed to establish the incidence of
      complications and to discover what factors contributed to untoward sequela in
      such patients. It was found that the neurologically injured patient developed
      postoperative facial fracture complications, particularly in the mandible, more
      frequently than those facial trauma patients who were not neurologically
      compromised.

PMID- 6584573
TI  - Technique to minimize cutting the nasoendotracheal tube during maxillary
      osteotomy.

PMID- 6584574
TI  - A simple means of maintaining light handle sterility.
AB  - The maintenance of sterility of the light handle in an economical and effective
      manner can be difficult. Heavy-duty aluminum foil is suggested as a simple and
      inexpensive material to be used to maintain such sterility in the clinical
      practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

PMID- 6584576
TI  - Patient motivation and preventive dentistry.

PMID- 6584575
TI  - Modified techniques for internal fixation of sagittal ramus osteotomies.

PMID- 6584577
TI  - Better oral neurophysiology information gives better clinical results.

PMID- 6584578
TI  - Juvenile periodontitis - a clinical and radiological familial study.

PMID- 6584579
TI  - The effects of nasal airway obstruction.

PMID- 6584580
TI  - Third molar development following second molar extractions.

PMID- 6584581
TI  - Developmental factors in coping of preschool children during restorative
      treatment.

PMID- 6584583
TI  - Release of eugenol from mixtures of ZOE in vitro.

PMID- 6584582
TI  - Effect of condensers on adaptability and microporosity of amalgam restorations.

PMID- 6584584
TI  - The use of the bionator appliance in the treatment of Class II, division 1
      malocclusion in the late mixed dentition.

PMID- 6584585
TI  - The healing of atraumatic and traumatic incisions in the gingivae of monkeys.
AB  - Standard wounds of simple incision and trauma were made in the gingivae of
      monkeys. The healing from the 1st to the 21st day was described clinically,
      histologically, physically and biochemically. There were no major clinical
      differences, but both atraumatic and traumatic wounds have reactions in the
      periodontium to be considered in postoperative care.

PMID- 6584586
TI  - Prepubertal periodontitis affecting the deciduous and permanent dentition in a
      patient with cyclic neutropenia. A case report and discussion.
AB  - Neutropenia is a transient or chronic blood disorder characterized by a decrease
      in the number of circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Neutrophils are
      a major cellular defense against infection, and depletion of these cells is
      potentially fatal. Stomatitis and gingivitis frequently are seen in patients with
      neutropenia. Therefore, the diagnosis of severe oral pathoses of obscure origin
      must include a differential white blood cell count. The importance of the
      dentist's role is dramatically illustrated in the rare case reported here, since
      the oral condition was the reason for this patient's definitive blood work-up.
      The report illustrates the importance of the laboratory assessment in dental
      patients with unusual periodontal destruction or other inexplicable oral changes.

PMID- 6584587
TI  - The laterally positioned odontogenic keratocyst. A case report.
AB  - An odontogenic keratocyst which was in a lateral periodontal location is
      reported. The histology of the odontogenic keratocyst is compared with that of
      the lateral periodontal cyst. The importance of correctly diagnosing the
      odontogenic keratocyst is stressed, especially in view of its high recurrence
      rate and its possible association with the basal cell nevus syndrome.

PMID- 6584588
TI  - Epithelial reattachment after gingivectomy in the rat.
AB  - It is known that an epithelial reattachment occurs a few days after gingivectomy.
      Depending upon the surgical procedure and the animal species used, different
      times have been proposed to obtain a complete reattachment. Nevertheless, it is
      not known whether there is a correlation between the time required and the
      sequence of morphologic events involved in this process. To investigate this
      matter, gingivectomies were performed in the maxillary molars of rats. Specimens
      were taken 1 to 14 days after the operation and processed for light and electron
      microscopy. The new junctional epithelium appeared at the 5th day, but the
      earliest signs of reattachment complex formation were evident at the 8th day.
      Rudimentary hemidesmosomes and lamina lucida appeared in epithelial cells
      bordering remnants of fibrin. Anchoring filaments that formed between the
      earliest hemidesmosomes and the subjacent fibrin crossed the lamina lucida.
      Simultaneously, segments of lamina densa appeared. At the 11th day insertion of
      tonofilaments into the attachment plaques and insertion of anchoring filaments in
      the lamina densa were observed. At the 14th day, full development of the
      reattachment complex was evident.

PMID- 6584589
TI  - Pocket epithelium removal via crestal and subcrestal scalloped internal bevel
      incisions.
AB  - This study assessed the extent of pocket epithelium removal by crestal and
      subcrestal scalloped inverse bevel incisions during mucoperiosteal flap surgery.
      Fifty-six gingival biopsies were obtained from 52 participants, who had
      extractions of periodontally involved teeth. Sulcular incisions which severed the
      epithelial attachment served as controls. Experimental scalloped internal bevel
      incisions were made: (1) at the gingival crest extending apical to the osseous
      crest (crestal incision) and (2) 1 to 2 mm apical to the gingival margin
      extending apical to the osseous crest (subcrestal incision). In the two
      procedures the initial incisions were followed by sulcular incisions to sever the
      epithelial attachment. After both crestal and subcrestal incisions full thickness
      flaps were reflected, pocket contents were removed, and flaps were replaced
      against the teeth. Gingival biopsies were then obtained from control and
      experimental sites followed by extraction of teeth. All specimens were processed,
      embedded in paraffin, sectioned, stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined
      for residual pocket epithelium. Control incisions eliminated pocket epithelium in
      two of 20 specimens. Crestal incisions eliminated pocket epithelium in 11 of 25
      areas, while subcrestal incisions eliminated pocket epithelium in 13 of 25 areas.
      All 10 papillary areas treated by crestal incisions and 8 of the 10 papillary
      areas treated by subcrestal incisions displayed residual pocket epithelium.
      Neither crestal nor subcrestal scalloped internal bevel incisions consistently
      eliminated all pocket epithelium.

PMID- 6584590
TI  - The prevalence and distribution of intrabony defects in dry mandibles.
AB  - One hundred mandibles of South African Negroes were examined for the presence of
      intrabony defects, and the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and
      alveolar bone crest was measured along the buccal and lingual surface of roots
      associated with interdental craters. Two-hundred thirty-one intrabony defects
      were detected (4.1% of the possible occurrences). There were 51 craters, 19 of
      which were associated with the distal surfaces of the second molars. Most craters
      (84.3%) had higher lingual than buccal walls. Seventy-one defects (35.8%) were
      one-walled pockets, 98 defects (49.6%) were two-walled pockets and 30 (15%) were
      three-walled pockets. Twenty-eight one-walled pockets (39.4%) formed hemisepta
      against interproximal root surfaces. Mesial surfaces of canines were the most
      commonly involved with hemisepta. There was an increase in the frequency of
      intrabony pockets from the anterior to the posterior zones of the mandibles.
      Interproximal root surfaces were by far more commonly associated with defects
      than buccal or lingual surfaces.

PMID- 6584591
TI  - Human lymphocyte antigen haplotype and resistance to periodontitis.
AB  - Certain human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes have been correlated with the
      presence of certain diseases. To date no significant relationship between
      periodontitis and HLA haplotype has been demonstrated. The purpose of this study
      was to determine the frequency of HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C haplotypes in patients
      resistant to chronic periodontitis and to determine if there is any association
      between specific HLA genes and periodontal health. Twenty-five healthy
      individuals who demonstrated a high resistance to periodontal disease (mean age
      49.9 years) were matched to 25 subjects with chronic periodontitis and to a
      periodontally undiagnosed population of 22,000 individuals. Peripheral blood was
      taken and HLA specificity was determined by the microlymphocytotoxicity test. The
      results indicated a statistically significant increase in the occurrence of HLA
      B5 (P = 0.0059) and a trend in the occurrence of HLA-A28 (P = 0.0565) in those
      patients resistant to periodontal disease when compared to the matched controls.
      When compared to the large random control group, a significant correlation was
      observed for HLA-A28 (P less than 0.01) in blacks and HLA-B5 (P less than 0.01)
      in whites. It is possible that the HLA-A28 and the HLA-B5 individual may have the
      ability to resist the progression of chronic periodontitis.

PMID- 6584592
TI  - Clinical, microbiological and immunological studies of a family with a high
      prevalence of early-onset periodontitis.
AB  - Extensive clinical, laboratory and microbiological studies were performed on
      members of a family with an unusually high prevalence of early-onset severe
      periodontitis. Clinical observations included intraoral photographs and
      assessment of inflammation, plaque, probing depths and bone loss. Pocket bacteria
      were sampled, cultivated and identified. Immunological studies included
      assessment in vitro of neutrophil (PMN) and monocyte (MN) chemotaxis, assessment
      of PMN phagocytosis and other functions using the iodination assay, measurement
      of serum opsonic and chemoattractant activities and determination of levels of
      serum antibodies specific to various putative periodontal pathogens. The proband,
      a 19-year-old white woman, had rapidly progressive periodontitis (RP). Of her six
      siblings available for study, all had juvenile periodontitis (JP), and both
      parents had been edentulous since early adulthood. Early edentulism and recurrent
      infections, especially otitis media, were prevalent in the forebearers,
      especially on the maternal side. Two married sisters of the proband had young
      male children with recurrent infections. Abnormalities in leukocyte chemotaxis
      were found in the proband, in two of her siblings and in both parents. The pocket
      flora was predominantly Gram-negative, anaerobic rods with a high prevalence of
      Bacteroides species, and serum antibodies specific to Bacteroides species were
      detected in the sera of five of the seven patients studied. Actinobacillus
      actinomycetemcomitans was not found in any of the pockets studied, nor were
      antibodies specific to any of the three known serotypes of this bacterium
      detected in the serum of any of the patients. There was a relatively good
      correlation between the bacterial species isolated from the periodontal pockets
      and the antibodies found in the serum. PMN iodination and serum opsonic activity
      were normal in all of the patients. Thus not all JP patients have detectable
      Actinobacillus species in their periodontal pockets, nor do all have antibody
      detectable with the techniques we used specific to these bacteria in their serum.
      In contrast, JP patients may have Bacteroides species in their periodontal
      pockets and antibody specific to Bacteroides species in their serum. Although
      abnormal leukocyte chemotaxis is generally common in RP and JP patients, in this
      family the correlation between this defect and the presence of these diseases was
      poor.

PMID- 6584593
TI  - Zinc concentration in normal and healing gingival tissues in beagle dogs.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that the administration of zinc (Zn) may enhance the
      healing of gingival and other wounds. This study was undertaken to determine if
      Zn concentration ([Zn]) is increased in healing gingival tissues and if oral
      supplementation of Zn would result in a local increase in [Zn] within these
      tissues. On Day 0, biopsies were obtained from the maxillary left buccal gingiva
      of each of 10 beagle dogs. Gingival biopsies were taken from the healing original
      biopsy sites on Day 14. On Day 15, oral supplementation of Zn gluconate (250
      mg/day, equivalent to 32.5 mg of elemental Zn) was begun in seven dogs. Three
      dogs remained as unsupplemented controls. Two weeks later (Day 28), normal
      gingival biopsies were obtained from the right side of the maxilla and on Day 42
      final biopsies were taken from the same healing sites. In addition, serum samples
      were obtained on Days 0, 14, 28 and 42. All samples were analyzed for Zn content
      using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The [Zn] of healing tissues was
      significantly higher (P less than 0.0005) than normal tissues. This was also true
      when healing tissues were compared to normal tissues during the Zn
      supplementation phase (Day 28 vs. Day 42; P less than 0.005). Zn supplementation
      resulted in significant increases in Zn levels in normal (Day 0 vs. Day 28; P
      less than 0.05) and healing tissues (Day 14 vs. Day 42; P less than
      0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6584594
TI  - Oral and gingival changes in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma).
AB  - Nineteen patients with systemic sclerosis, including two with CREST syndrome
      variant, were clinically evaluated for oral and gingival manifestations of their
      disease. Subjectively over 50% complained of xerostomia, limited opening,
      recurrent "mouth sores" and dysphagia. Four patients indicated that they had been
      refused dental care due to limited accessibility to the oral cavity. Objectively,
      physical examination disclosed prominent lingual and buccal mucosal crenations
      and loss of tongue mobility with fibrotic induration in 25% of the subjects
      examined. Three of the patients with advanced disease exhibited foci of severe
      gingival recession due to fibrous strictures and attached gingiva stripping. None
      of the patients showed any indication of uncontrolled dental disease secondary to
      xerostomia.

PMID- 6584595
TI  - Cytocidal effect of gossypol on cultured murine erythroleukemia cells is
      prevented by serum protein.
AB  - The interaction of gossypol (G) with cultured murine erythroleukemia cells (MELC)
      was studied in vitro. G was cytocidal (inhibited growth greater than 90%) to MELC
      at greater than 10 microM, but not at less than 5 microM in medium supplemented
      with 10 and 15% fetal calf serum (FCS). Five micromolar of G was cytocidal in 2
      and 5% FCS. Serum albumin (2%) also decreased the effective cytocidal dose of G.
      This inhibition was reversible if extracellular drug (30 microM) was removed
      after 1 h but not after 24 h. Uptake of [14C]G by MELC (approximately 10(6)
      cells/ml) was saturable with half-maximal uptake at 8 microM in the absence of
      FCS. This uptake was concentrative, i.e., 75-fold relative to the total [14C]G
      concentration. In the presence of both FCS (approximately 2%) and serum albumin
      (approximately 0.03%), the accumulation of [14C]G (10 microM) by MELC was
      decreased approximately 50%. Direct binding of G to albumin, assayed by quenching
      of intrinsic fluorescence, was stoichiometric with respect to micromolar albumin
      content suggesting an apparent affinity of approximately 10(-7) M. Visible
      absorption spectra for G in the presence of serum albumin exhibited batho- and
      hyperchromic shifts of the maxima at approximately 380 nm. These studies
      demonstrate that: 1) G, at pharmacologically relevant concentrations, is
      cytocidal for MELC; 2) serum protein, e.g., albumin, can reduce both the
      cytocidal effects of G and the uptake of [14C]G by MELC; and 3) these effects are
      probably the result of G binding to serum protein, e.g., albumin, which reduces
      the free effective concentration of the drug.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6584597
TI  - Treatment of open occlusions with onlay and overlay removable partial dentures.
AB  - The onlay removable partial denture has the primary purposes of restoration of
      esthetics and function through a conservative modification of the existing
      dentition. It is particularly applicable to open occlusion situations and in
      improving an uneven mandibular occlusal plane. Its use should be supplemented
      with specific instructions in proper cleansing and maintenance of underlying
      dentition and the prosthesis and with scheduled recall appointments.

PMID- 6584596
TI  - Differential response of the pulmonary circulation to prostaglandins E2 and F2
      alpha in the presence of unilateral alveolar hypoxia.
AB  - Pulmonary hemodynamic responses to several prostaglandins (PGs) are augmented by
      hypoxia. To test whether responses to vasoconstrictor PGs would be enhanced in
      hypoxic areas of the lung, resulting in redistribution of blood flow to well
      oxygenated areas, the effects of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were evaluated in
      anesthetized dogs with divided ventilation, one lung being ventilated with 100%
      N2 and the other with 100% O2. Thermal dilution techniques coupled with
      electromagnetic flow measurements permitted estimates of blood flow to each lung.
      After indomethacin (5 mg/kg i.v.), PGE2 at 0.01, 0.025 and 0.10 micrograms/kg/min
      i.v. produced significant increases in flow to the O2-ventilated lung at each
      dose. In addition, PGE2 increased total pulmonary blood flow, but only at the two
      larger doses. Concomitantly, systemic arterial PO2 increased from 104 +/- 21 to
      138 +/- 26 mm Hg (P less than .001). Identical results were obtained when
      meclofenamate (5 mg/kg i.v.) was used to block PG synthesis. PGF2 alpha increased
      total pulmonary blood flow (P less than .01) only at the largest dose (0.10
      micrograms/kg/min), but did not redistribute flow or increase PO2. Atrial pacing
      increased total pulmonary blood flow (P less than .001) and flow to both O2 (P
      less than .001)- and N2 (P less than .05)-ventilated lungs with no change in PO2.
      We conclude that PGE2 redistributes pulmonary blood flow to well-oxygenated
      alveoli through mechanisms not related solely to its vasoconstrictor properties
      or to its capacity to increase cardiac output.

PMID- 6584598
TI  - Sterilization of complete dentures with sodium hypochlorite.
AB  - It is important to give the patient a denture that is clean and free from cross
      contamination. This study was made to determine if Clorox could be used as a
      rapid, safe, and clinically effective way to sterilize complete dentures. The
      data obtained from this study indicate that a 5-minute immersion of dentures in
      undiluted Clorox accomplished sterilization against a variety of microorganisms,
      including a spore-forming bacteria and C. albicans.

PMID- 6584599
TI  - Denture cleansing: a comparison of two methods.
AB  - A paste brushing method (Complete) and soaking in either of two denture cleanser
      tablet solutions (Efferdent or Polident) were compared for denture cleansing
      effectiveness as measured by plaque level. The 12-week product use period with
      weekly evaluations allowed an assessment of plaque reaccumulation on the denture
      surface as well as the effect of a single cleansing event and the contribution of
      bleaching to the total plaque-cleansing activity. The paste/brushing method was
      consistently the more effective procedure for removal of denture plaque. However,
      the bleaching effects of the effervescent tablets could be useful in an overall
      denture hygiene program.

PMID- 6584600
TI  - Intermediate fiberglass splints.

PMID- 6584601
TI  - Long-term clinical study of porcelain-fused-to-gold restorations.

PMID- 6584602
TI  - Reinforcement of weakened surrounding cavity walls with pins.

PMID- 6584603
TI  - Dycal: physical properties and resistance to amalgam condensation.
AB  - Simulated clinical experiments showed that the hand condensation of amalgam on
      single or multiple layers of Dycal in Class II cavities does not cause
      significant fracture or displacement of the liner. Cyclic loading experiments
      demonstrated that the plastic deformation of Dycal decreases and its stiffness
      increases with each additional load cycle. This indicates that minor displacement
      of Dycal during amalgam condensation occurs mainly during the first thrusts with
      the condenser, and that its mechanical properties are improved by repeated
      condensation with heavy pressure. Cyclic loading tests may be of considerable
      value in the evaluation of the performance of liners during amalgam condensation.

PMID- 6584604
TI  - Contoured mylar matrices.

PMID- 6584605
TI  - A clinical study of the incidence of pain after an operative treatment visit:
      Part II.

PMID- 6584607
TI  - A method for orienting the ocular portion of an orbital prosthesis.
AB  - The success of an orbital prosthesis depends largely on the correct orientation
      of the pupil and ocular bulb. The method presented in this article uses a
      transparency projection from which a tracing of prominent facial features is
      made. The transfer of these dimensions to the facial cast reduces the chairside
      time that is necessary to position the pupil and orbital bulb.

PMID- 6584606
TI  - The biologic response to the single-crystal sapphire endosteal dental implant:
      scanning electron microscopic observations.

PMID- 6584608
TI  - A shielded radium source carrier nasal stent for the treatment of primary
      carcinoma of the nasal cavity.

PMID- 6584609
TI  - Predictors of treatment outcome in patients with myofascial pain-dysfunction
      syndrome and organic temporomandibular joint disorders.
AB  - A total of 46 variables were initially examined for their usefulness as
      predictors of treatment outcome in patients with facial pain diagnosed as either
      MPDS or an organic disorder, such as disease of the TMJ (for example,
      degenerative joint disease or inflammatory arthritis) or typical facial
      neuralgia. The information about each variable was collected from the patients
      prior to beginning of treatment. Data included sociocultural background, social
      group attitudes, sociomedical orientation, level of psychologic distress,
      symptoms and treatment history, behavioral and attitudinal responses to pain, and
      clinical findings. Two discriminant analyses were performed to determine the most
      important variables for predicting whether a patient would respond successfully
      (with either elimination of or significant decrease in pain) or unsuccessfully
      (no change or increase in pain) to conservative reversible treatment. The first
      analysis was used to reduce the original group of 46 variables to 18 variables,
      which were labelled "potential" predictors. In the first analysis it was noted
      that clinical factors, such as oral status and physical examination findings,
      were irrelevant for predicting treatment outcome. Of the 16 clinical variables
      initially included for analysis, only the presence of clenching was included as a
      potential predictor. Patients' psychologic status, as measured by their level of
      psychologic distress, was also not relevant. The greatest number of potential
      predictors was related to patients' sociocultural background, sociomedical
      orientation, symptom and treatment history, and behavior in response to and
      attitudes toward pain. These factors, then, appear to be more useful than
      clinical and physical data as indicators of the potential response of facial pain
      patients with either MPDS or organic TMJ deficits to treatment.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6584610
TI  - EMG response to alteration of tooth contacts on occlusal splints during maximal
      clenching.
AB  - Maximum clenching on an equilibrated occlusal splint yielded an increase of 17%
      in overall muscle activity over that of maximum intercuspation contributed mainly
      by masseter muscles. Maximum clenching on an anterior occlusal splint yielded a
      decrease of 13% in overall muscle activity compared with that of an equilibrated
      occlusal splint. When maximum clenching was performed with six left-sided teeth
      removed from contact while the left second molar remained in contact, there was
      no significant change in muscle activity when compared with that of an
      equilibrated occlusal splint. When left-sided muscles were compared with right
      sided muscles for the same situation, there was no significant change. When
      maximum clenching was performed with all left-sided teeth removed from contact,
      there was a decrease of 21% in overall muscle activity compared with that of an
      equilibrated occlusal splint. When left-sided muscles were compared with right
      sided muscles for the same situation, there was no significant change. Changes in
      the number of tooth contacts did not cause changes in the overall muscle activity
      during maximum clenching. Changes in the position of the tooth contacts altered
      the overall muscle activity during maximum clenching. Changes in occlusal contact
      symmetry did not cause changes in symmetry of muscle pairs during maximum
      clenching. Unilateral support produced the subjective response of pressure on the
      contralateral TMJ during maximum clenching.

PMID- 6584612
TI  - A comparison of condylar control settings obtained from wax interocclusal records
      and simplified mandibular motion analyzers.

PMID- 6584613
TI  - Comparison of Bennett shift measured at the hinge axis and an arbitrary hinge
      axis position.
AB  - Bennett shift was measured at an arbitrary hinge axis position and at the hinge
      axis position in 10 subjects. Sixty percent of the arbitrary hinge axis positions
      were within 5 mm of the hinge axis position. There was no significant difference
      in the Bennett shift measurements made at the hinge axis and the arbitrary hinge
      axis positions when measured in 0.25 mm increments. The average immediate Bennett
      shift was found to be 1.05 mm on the left side and 1.12 mm on the right side when
      firm guidance was used.

PMID- 6584611
TI  - Effect of electromyographic biofeedback therapy on occlusal contacts.

PMID- 6584614
TI  - Errors in oblique cephalometric radiographic projections of the edentulous
      mandible. Part I: Geometric errors.
AB  - Geometric errors that occur in oblique cephalometric radiographic projections of
      the edentulous mandible were calculated for different focal-spot-to-object
      distances (1500, 3000, and 6000 mm). The horizontal errors from tolerance of the
      porion and nasion fixation in the cephalostat were calculated. The same was done
      for the vertical errors caused by the variability of the rest position. From the
      results of this study it can be concluded that the distance between focal spot
      and object should be as large as possible. It was also found that it is important
      to minimize the differences in enlargement that may occur on radiograms of
      different subjects because of changes in the position of the mandible. This
      position can be standardized by the use of an individual support.

PMID- 6584615
TI  - Removable prosthodontic treatment needs: a survey.
AB  - Population data on complete and removable partial prosthodontics in Iowa
      indicated the following. Denture wearers tend to be persons in the older age
      groups. The percentage of edentulous persons was lower than that reported
      nationally in 1971. Of every 1,000 persons, 156 were wearing dentures in one or
      both arches. Of every 1,000 persons, 53 needed a repair, reline, or replacement
      of an existing denture. Of every 1,000 persons, 70 needed a denture but were not
      wearing one. Persons of lower income and education were less likely to seek
      dental care but had the greatest need for treatment. Persons of lower income and
      education were at higher risk of having some form of mucosal lesions. The public
      will be unlikely to make use of dental services to prevent or treat lesions or to
      service a prosthesis unless they are specifically educated to do so.

PMID- 6584616
TI  - Evaluation of the accuracy of a new plasterless plane line articulator.
AB  - The accuracy of a technique that allows rapid and repeated cast mountings without
      the aid of gypsum products was determined. The results indicate that errors of
      dimensional change inherent in plaster or dental stone mountings are avoided with
      use of this plasterless mounting procedure. In view of the findings, this
      articulator is recommended as a reliable laboratory instrument.

PMID- 6584617
TI  - Bench-curing acrylic resins.

PMID- 6584618
TI  - Improving the fit of polycarbonate-resin crowns.

PMID- 6584619
TI  - Cytotoxic chemotherapy and viral infections: the role of acyclovir.

PMID- 6584621
TI  - Dentistry in Kenya.

PMID- 6584620
TI  - A survey of preschool oral health education programs.
AB  - The purpose of this survey was to determine how frequently various components of
      oral health education were included in 27 preschool oral health education
      programs and to compare the frequencies and the various combinations of
      components. The results of this survey indicate that the most significant
      problems relate to inadequate program design and evaluation. Goals, behavioral
      objectives, program content, media, evaluation measures, and parent and teacher
      involvement need to be more specifically and thoroughly designed and evaluated.
      The primary problem with program content was the lack of emphasis on education
      about the benefits of fluoride. Because of inconsistent and incomplete reporting
      of programs, judgments of the quality and effectiveness of the components in the
      27 programs were not made.

PMID- 6584622
TI  - Survey of 1980 California dental hygiene graduates to determine expanded-function
      utilization.
AB  - In a survey with an 81 percent response rate, 1980 California dental hygiene
      graduates reported that a large majority of dentists in 410 practices were
      delegating expanded functions. Hygienists reported that they were being delegated
      local anesthesia administration in 89 percent of their practice settings, soft
      tissue curettage in 86 percent, and nitrous oxide and oxygen administration in 60
      percent. More recent dental graduates delegated more frequently than older
      graduates. Teaching status of the dentist/employer did not appear to affect
      delegation. Periodontists delegated more than general dentists and this seemed to
      be related to patient need in those practices. Hygienists in general practices
      are feeling somewhat underutilized; however, they attribute a relatively small
      percentage (14.8% local anesthesia, 20.2% soft-tissue curettage and 4.1% nitrous
      oxide) of the underutilization to "lack of delegation" by their dentist/employer.
      Hygienists perceived "lack of patient need" and "lack of equipment" to be the
      major reasons for any underutilization in the expanded functions. In conclusion,
      it appears that a 1976 law change in California allowing dental hygienists to
      perform block and infiltration local anesthesia, soft-tissue curettage, and
      nitrous oxide and oxygen administration has resulted in a rather widespread
      change in the dental practices of this sample. Dentists are apparently delegating
      local anesthetic administration and soft-tissue curettage in over 85 percent of
      the 410 practices employing 216 hygienists. Delegation of nitrous oxide and
      oxygen administration, which is dependent on availability of equipment, was
      reported as being delegated in over 50 percent of the practices.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6584623
TI  - Production and economic contributions of dental hygienists.
AB  - Dental hygienists' contribution to total gross billings and production, measured
      in standard production minutes, was studied in 13 private practices that employed
      hygienists. Hygienists' treatment accounted for one fourth of total production
      and one eighth of all gross billings. These results, together with analyses of
      the use of available time, the range of procedures performed by hygienists, and
      the rate of return for these procedures, illustrate the utility of this type of
      information when assessing the possibility of changes in the dental hygiene
      profession. In the past five years, the literature concerning dental hygienists
      has included a number of contributions that focus on the status of and possible
      changes in the practice of dental hygiene. These contributions have discussed the
      general future of dental hygiene,1-3 and the specific issues of professionalism,4
      6 advocacy,7-8 and legal and political activity and knowledge.9-11 In addition,
      several discussions of new forms of dental hygiene practice also have appeared in
      the hygiene literature, 12-17 as well as in the general dental literature.18-20
      Finally, surveys of dental hygienists have been reported frequently.21-30 The
      content of this growing body of literature indicates that the profession of
      dental hygiene currently is undergoing an internal examination, and that several
      educators and practitioners are advocating the acceptance of increased
      responsibility by hygienists.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6584624
TI  - Leadership and the future of dental public health. Presidential address, 46th
      Annual Meeting September 29--October 1, 1983 Anaheim, California.

PMID- 6584625
TI  - Access to dental care: summary and recommendations. Summary of a report prepared
      for the American Association of Public Health Dentists by the AAPHD Subcommittee
      on Access October 24, 1981.

PMID- 6584626
TI  - Community and school water fluoridation: summary and recommendations. Summary of
      a report prepared for the American Association of Public Health Dentists by the
      AAPHD Subcommittee on Community and School Water Fluoridation, October 24, 1981.

PMID- 6584627
TI  - Public health dentistry as a specialty.

PMID- 6584629
TI  - Dental public health--the need for flexibility and a coalition of associations.

PMID- 6584628
TI  - School-based programs of mouthrinsing with fluoride solutions.

PMID- 6584631
TI  - Leukaemia in drycleaners.

PMID- 6584632
TI  - Standards of ethical advertising by Michigan dentists.

PMID- 6584630
TI  - Safety and efficacy of vaginal prostaglandin E2 suppositories in the management
      of third-trimester fetal demise.
AB  - Prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppositories are well established in the management of
      intrauterine fetal demise in the second trimester of pregnancy. However, approval
      for their use in the third trimester has been withheld pending evaluation of
      safety and efficacy. In this study 46 patients with intrauterine fetal demise in
      the third trimester were managed in a similar fashion except that only a 10-mg
      dose of prostaglandin E2 was employed. Forty-four of the 46 patients were
      delivered successfully. One patient experienced a cervical laceration that
      necessitated a hysterectomy; in her, oxytocin was used to supplement the
      prostaglandin. It appears that prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppositories can be used
      safely in the management of fetal demise in the third trimester of pregnancy. Use
      of a lower dose of the medication as well as tocodynamometry is recommended
      because the absorption of and sensitivity to this medication vary from patient to
      patient. The frequency of administering the medication should depend on the
      patient's response rather than on any given formula.

PMID- 6584633
TI  - Necrotizing sialometaplasia: a diagnostic dilemma.

PMID- 6584634
TI  - A survey on the use of sealants.

PMID- 6584635
TI  - The crossbite.

PMID- 6584636
TI  - Psychological evaluation for implant patients.

PMID- 6584637
TI  - Microbiology of failing dental implants in humans: electron microscopic
      observations.

PMID- 6584638
TI  - On the longevity of teeth.

PMID- 6584639
TI  - Vitreous carbon root-replacement system: final report.

PMID- 6584640
TI  - [Efficiency of Bird heated humidifier].

PMID- 6584641
TI  - [Use of portable laminar air purifier for prevention of infections in hematologic
      diseases with agranulocytosis].

PMID- 6584642
TI  - [Primary myelofibrosis with skin nodules terminating in leukemic transformation -
      an autopsy case].

PMID- 6584643
TI  - [Acute myelomonocytic leukemia preceded by preleukemia stage].

PMID- 6584644
TI  - [Chloroma-forming acute myelogenous leukemia with an initial manifestation of
      acute renal failure].

PMID- 6584645
TI  - [6 cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia with t(8q-;21q+)].

PMID- 6584646
TI  - [Disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy following radiotherapy and drug
      therapy for meningeal myeloblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6584647
TI  - [Lymphoid crisis as an initial manifestation of adult-type chronic myelogenous
      leukemia with complex Ph1 translocation].

PMID- 6584648
TI  - [Low dose Ara-C for remission induction in aged patients with atypical
      nonlymphocytic leukemia and refractory anemia with excess blasts].

PMID- 6584649
TI  - [Remission induction and maintenance with multi-drug regimen (modified LSA2L2)
      for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children].

PMID- 6584650
TI  - [Chronic myelogenous leukemia with erythrophagocytosis-positive atypical cells in
      the bone marrow in the terminal phase].

PMID- 6584651
TI  - [Lennox syndrome in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6584652
TI  - [Remission induction in adult acute lymphocytic leukemia--use of vinca alkaloids
      and prednisolone alone].

PMID- 6584653
TI  - [Plasma exchange in the management of a patient with anti-L-asparaginase
      antibody].

PMID- 6584654
TI  - [A case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia following the therapy of carcinoma of
      the maxilla].

PMID- 6584655
TI  - [Immunohistological studies of Hodgkin cells].

PMID- 6584656
TI  - [Leukemic conversion of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

PMID- 6584657
TI  - Acute myeloid leukemia with preceding systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune
      hemolytic anemia.
AB  - A 10-year-old girl with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and autoimmune
      hemolytic anemia developed acute leukemia 10 months after the diagnosis of SLE.
      Leukemic cells had both the myeloid character, as shown by peroxidase activity,
      and T-cell surface antigen. The SLE-like syndrome as a paraneoplastic syndrome is
      discussed.

PMID- 6584658
TI  - A new human osteosarcoma strain (Os-Beppu) with a high rate of pulmonary
      metastasis in nude mice.
AB  - A new human osteosarcoma strain (Os-Beppu) transplantable in nude mice has been
      established. A high frequency of metastasis (87.2%) to the lung was observed
      throughout nine passages. Histologically the subcutaneous tumor and the
      metastatic lesions in nude mice were similar to the original human tumor, and
      osteoid and osteoclast formation were preserved. Osteoblasts were strongly
      positive for alkaline phosphatase, while osteoclasts were positive for acid
      phosphatase. Karyotype analysis revealed human chromosomes with a modal
      chromosome number of 41 (63.3%) and two marker chromosomes.

PMID- 6584659
TI  - Syngeneic tumor-host relationship.

PMID- 6584660
TI  - Demographic aspects of the low-yield cigarette: considerations in the evaluation
      of health risk.
AB  - Control data from a large-scale case-control study of tobacco-related diseases
      were analyzed to characterize variables associated with cigarette preference (or
      type of cigarette smoked). Age, sex, race, education, and religion were found to
      have a strong influence on the choice of cigarette according to tar and nicotine
      yield. Data on the amount and duration of cigarette smoking also were evaluated
      by brand history to determine whether tar yield was associated with these
      variables. Women smoking cigarettes in the low-tar categories tended to smoke
      fewer cigarettes per day than women smoking cigarettes in the higher tar
      categories. A similar trend was not found for men. As might be expected, only 2%
      of the men and 3% of the women over the age of 40 smoked low-tar cigarettes (less
      than 10 mg tar) for 10 years or more.

PMID- 6584661
TI  - Induction of DNA repair synthesis in human urothelial cells by the N-hydroxy
      metabolites of carcinogenic arylamines.
AB  - Urinary N-hydroxy metabolites of carcinogenic arylamines were investigated for
      their abilities to induce unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in human urothelial
      cell lines HCV 29, HU 1734, and HU 1752, and in a primary culture of human
      urothelial cells. N-Hydroxy-2-aminofluorene (CAS: 53-94-1; N-OH-AF), N-hydroxy-2
      acetylaminofluorene (CAS: 53-95-2; N-OH-AAF), and the N-glucuronide of N-OH-AF
      induced UDS in HCV 29, HU 1734, and HU 1752. N-Hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl (CAS: 6810
      26-0; N-OH-ABP), N-hydroxy-4-acetylaminobiphenyl (CAS: 4463-22-3; N-OH-AABP), N
      hydroxy-2-aminonaphthalene (CAS: 613-47-8; N-OH-AN), N-hydroxy-2
      acetylaminonaphthalene (CAS: 2508-23-8; N-OH-AAN), and the N-glucuronide of N-OH
      ABP induced UDS in HCV 29. However, the N-glucuronide of N-OH-AN did not. The O
      glucuronide of N-OH-AAF induced UDS in HCV 29 only when beta-glucuronidase was
      present. Paraoxon inhibited the induction of UDS in HCV 29 by N-OH-AAF and N
      acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (CAS: 6098-44-8), but not by N-OH-AF. When examined
      in a primary culture of human urothelial cells, N-OH-AF, N-OH-AAF, N-OH-ABP, and
      N-OH-AABP were active, but N-OH-AN, N-OH-AAN, 2-aminonaphthalene (CAS: 91-59-8),
      2-aminofluorene (CAS: 153-78-6;), and 4-aminobiphenyl (CAS: 92-67-1) were not.
      These results demonstrate that human urothelial cells are able to activate both
      acetylated and non-acetylated N-hydroxy metabolites of carcinogenic arylamines,
      and they suggest that O-glucuronidation may be a detoxification mechanism for N
      arylacethydroxamic acids.

PMID- 6584662
TI  - N-nitrosophenacetin: its synthesis, characterization, mutagenicity, and
      teratogenicity.
AB  - Reaction of phenacetin (CAS: 62-44-2; p-acetophenetidide) with nitrous fumes
      (N2O3) in glacial acetic acid at 0-5 degrees C yields N-nitrosophenacetin (NP), 2
      nitrophenacetin, N-nitroso-2-nitrophenacetin (NNP), and other compounds. Both NP
      and NNP are fairly stable at low temperature (-30 degrees C) but extremely labile
      at ambient temperature. NP (median lethal dose to Sprague-Dawley rat: 21 mg/kg
      body wt) is 80 times more toxic than its parent compound phenacetin and is
      directly mutagenic to bacterial cells including Salmonella typhimurium and
      Sarcina lutea. The mutagenicity of NP is comparable to that of N-methyl-N'-nitro
      N-nitrosoguanidine [(MNNG) CAS: 70-25-7; 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine] and
      requires no microsomal metabolic activation. The teratogenic potential of NP was
      studied in White Leghorn chick embryos given a single dose of 5-15 micrograms/egg
      on day 6 of incubation. A low incidence of exencephaly and eyelid defect and a
      high incidence of feather and claw malformations were found in the treated group;
      no such malformed embryos were found in the control group. The teratogenicity of
      NP was found to be weaker than that of MNNG, but stronger than that of N-methyl-N
      nitrosourea (CAS: 684-93-5), dimethylnitrosamine (CAS: 62-75-9; N
      nitrosodimethylamine), and diethylnitrosamine (CAS: 15-18-5; N
      nitrosodiethylamine).

PMID- 6584663
TI  - Selective degradation of basement membrane macromolecules by metastatic melanoma
      cells.
AB  - The extracellular matrix deposited in culture by the mouse endodermal cell line
      (PF HR9) was used as an experimental model to study the interactions between
      basement membranes and several tumorigenic and nontumorigenic cell lines,
      including the metastatic B16 melanoma cell sublines. Analysis by biochemical and
      immunologic methods indicated that the isolated HR9 extracellular matrix was
      composed of laminin, type IV collagen, entactin, and heparan sulfate
      proteoglycans--all basement membrane-specific macromolecules. Ultrastructurally,
      the extracellular matrix elaborated by the HR9 cells appears as a meshwork of
      finely fibrillar material. B16 melanoma cells were found to adhere rapidly to the
      isolated HR9 matrix, but significant penetration into the structure was not
      observed. However, the melanoma cells did induce an extensive solubilization of
      35S-sulfate-labeled heparan sulfate to fragments that were approximately one
      third the size of the intact heparan sulfate chains. Only the B16 melanoma
      sublines exhibited this unique pattern of proteoglycan degradation, which
      suggests that they possess an endoglycosidase specific for heparan sulfate
      chains. B16 melanoma cells seeded onto HR9 matrices labeled with [1H]leucine or
      [3H]proline caused no detectable increase in matrix protein solubilization
      compared to controls. The results indicate that the metastatic tumor cells
      degrade the proteoglycans in the HR9 matrix more readily than the other matrix
      proteins.

PMID- 6584665
TI  - A prospective survey of familial canine lymphosarcoma.
AB  - The incidence and case distribution of lymphosarcoma were determined
      prospectively in one breed of dogs, the bull mastiff. Fifty-nine dogs from three
      households were followed for 3 years. Two of the households had a previous
      history of lymphosarcoma cases, whereas the third had no history of such cases.
      During the survey period, 9 of the 59 dogs died from lymphosarcoma with multiple
      cases occurring in each household. On the basis of this survey, the annual
      incidence rate in the general bull mastiff population is likely to be on the
      order of 5,000 cases per 100,000 dogs, which constitutes the highest incidence
      rate recorded in this species. The distribution of the cases displayed a familial
      pattern. The possible involvement of genetic and infectious factors in the
      development of this disease pattern is discussed.

PMID- 6584664
TI  - Lymphocyte reactivity in normal and malignant cell proliferation against a
      phylogenetically conserved antigen in fetal extracts.
AB  - Lymphocyte reactivity to 3-M KCl extracts from fetuses of different species of
      origin was shown by the macrophage electrophoretic mobility (MEMB) and/or the
      leukocyte migration inhibition tests in tumor-bearing mice and humans. In
      chemical carcinogenesis, reactivity was detectable before tumors developed. Six
      weeks after sc injection of 1,000 micrograms benzo[a]pyrene [(BP) CAS: 50-32-8]
      into XVII/Bln mice, the MEMB test became positive. The latent period was 15 weeks
      after 1.0 micrograms BP, indicating a dose-response relationship of the
      phenomenon. Painting of mouse skin with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene [(DMBA)
      CAS: 57-97-6], croton oil (CAS: 8001-28-3), or benzene (CAS: 71-43-2) had the
      same sensitizing effect as BP. In contrast to the strong carcinogens BP and DMBA
      that caused lymphocyte reactivity to persist until tumors developed, benzene and
      the promoter croton oil induced only a transient effect. Termination of treatment
      abolished reactivity within 12 weeks. Lymphocyte reactivity to fetal extract in
      normal cell proliferation was evident from the fact that two-thirds
      hepatectomized rats and BCG-treated mice became MEMB-positive. In hepatectomized
      rats the effect was reversible according to the completion of liver regeneration.
      Lymphocytes from tumor-bearing mice reacted with mouse and human fetal extract as
      well as with extracts from different developmental stages of frogs and fish.
      Fetal extracts were assumed to contain a phylogenetically conserved antigen.

PMID- 6584666
TI  - A human melanoma line heterogeneous with respect to metastatic capacity in
      athymic nude mice.
AB  - The ability of the human A375 melanoma cell line to produce experimental and
      spontaneous in young BALB/c nude mice was examined. Cloned lines, obtained by
      isolation in semisolid agar, differed significantly (4/10 cloned lines examined,
      P less than or equal to .005) from the parent tumor line with regard to their
      ability to form lung tumor nodules subsequent to iv injection. Lines established
      from such lung tumor nodules were more metastatic than the parent line following
      both iv and sc injection. These results show that the human melanoma cell line
      used in these studies contained cells with diverse metastatic potential and
      suggest that metastasis in the nude mouse results from the preferential selection
      of metastatic subpopulations.

PMID- 6584668
TI  - Natural history of body weight gain, survival, and neoplasia in the F344 rat.
AB  - This study involved the fact that knowledge of the natural incidence of
      neoplastic lesions is essential for interpretation of experiments designed to
      reveal the effects of potential carcinogens. Although the F344 rat is widely used
      in chronic (2-yr) testing programs, the natural history of neoplasia after 24
      months is not known; thus this study, with 529 male and 529 female inbred F344
      rats, was designed to deal with this aspect. This report also included
      information on growth and longevity. In addition, the tumor rates found in this
      study were compared with 2-year historic control tumor rates; results revealed
      the following. 1) Maximum mean body weights were 468 and 330 g for males and
      females, respectively. Peak weight in males was reached at 77 weeks of age and in
      females, at 107 weeks of age. 2) There was no clear sex difference in longevity;
      a median life-span (50% survival age) or 28 months was recorded in both sexes. 3)
      Variety of neoplastic lesions in animals that were allowed to live out their life
      span was not greater than that in animals that were killed between 110 and 116
      weeks of age; thus older age was not characterized by unique neoplasms. 4) The
      incidence of certain neoplasms increased markedly after 110-116 weeks. The data
      indicated that life-span studies in F344 rats had no advantages over 2-year
      studies. However, availability of life-span data is essential for interpretation
      of the 2-year studies.

PMID- 6584667
TI  - Prostaglandin E production by Lewis lung carcinoma: mechanism for tumor
      establishment in vivo.
AB  - Prostaglandin E (PGE) concentrations in supernatants of in vitro cultured Lewis
      lung carcinoma (LLC) cells were measured by radioimmunoassay. Growth of cells
      correlated with an increase in PGE concentrations in the media. This elevation of
      PGE in the LLC supernatant could be prevented by the culturing of the cells with
      indomethacin, a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor. Serum PGE levels of LLC
      implanted mice were also measured. As the tumors developed in vivo, the systemic
      levels of PGE increased. For examination of the in vivo effect of PGE2 on tumor
      growth, LLC-implanted C57BL/6 mice were treated with exogenous PGE2, which
      resulted in an increase in the frequency of tumor establishment. In contrast,
      oral administration of indomethacin to LLC-implanted mice resulted in a reduced
      rate of tumor establishment, growth, and metastasis. A relationship between PGE2
      production by tumor cells and their survival in a host was indicated.

PMID- 6584669
TI  - The vulnerable esophagus: riboflavin deficiency and squamous cell dysplasia of
      the skin and the esophagus.
AB  - Eleven male baboons fed a synthetic diet completely lacking in riboflavin
      developed, after 15-36 weeks, profound macroscopic and microscopic architectural
      disorganization of the skin, mouth, and esophagus. The cutaneous lesions showed
      hyperkeratosis, gross derangement of keratinization with acanthosis, and
      impressive pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia. In 5 baboons that died or were
      killed, there were large penetrating lesions having raised epithelial edges at
      the lower third of the esophagus or at the cardioesophageal junction, with gross
      epithelial hyperplasia and grossly deranged and thickened keratinization and
      numerous mitotic figures. None of the 8 control animals given riboflavin showed
      these abnormalities.

PMID- 6584670
TI  - Inhibitory effect of antiestrogen on hepatic tumorigenesis in WF rats treated
      with diethylstilbestrol alone or in combination with N-nitrosobutylurea.
AB  - Four groups of inbred male WF rats were castrated and received sc implantations
      of diethylstilbestrol [(DES) CAS: 56-53-1; alpha,alpha'-diethyl-4,4'
      stilbenediol] at 40 days of age. Group I was given no further treatment; groups
      II and IV were treated with antiestrogen (AntiE) clomiphene citrate
      simultaneously with DES treatment. At 50-55 days of age, groups III and IV were
      given drinking water containing N-nitrosobutylurea [(NBU) CAS: 869-01-2; 1-butyl
      1-nitrosourea] for 30 days. Castrated male rats or rats castrated and treated
      with NBU alone developed neither hepatic tumors (HT) nor pituitary tumors (PT).
      When AntiE was administered, incidences of HT and PT, size and the total number
      of HT, and mean pituitary weight were significantly reduced in rats given DES
      alone and in rats given DES with NBU. AntiE treatment changed the distribution in
      the histologic classification of hepatocellular lesions: Neoplastic nodules,
      instead of hepatocellular carcinomas, were predominant. The results indicate that
      AntiE was effective in the inhibition of hepatic and pituitary tumorigenesis
      associated with DES treatment. Our previous study has shown that prolactin was
      not involved in this hepatic tumorigenesis. Therefore, these studies provide
      evidence that the carcinogenic effect of DES on the liver cell is direct and that
      HT are regulated in development and growth by AntiE treatment.

PMID- 6584671
TI  - International Workshop on Chronic Renal Failure in Children. Heidelberg, Germany,
      May 1982.

PMID- 6584674
TI  - Predictability of the progression of chronic renal failure.
AB  - The progression of chronic renal failure has been claimed to be predictable by
      means of mathematical models. The present study assesses, in 110 adult patients,
      the prediction error caused by the application of these models. The study shows
      that the prediction error has a wide range, which indicates that these models
      should be used with caution for prediction purposes in individual patients.
      Improvements of the models are proposed, and a new approach is demonstrated.

PMID- 6584672
TI  - Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in pediatric patients: a 20-month
      experience.
AB  - Thirty-six patients aged 1.6 to 18.8 years with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
      underwent continuous, ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) between August, 1980,
      and May, 1982. With four or five exchanges daily, the mean serum urea and
      creatinine levels were 75 +/- 24 mg/dl and 9.2 +/- 3.1 mg/dl, respectively,
      hypertension was controlled in 34 of 36 patients without antihypertensive
      medications, and transfusion requirements were minimal in nephric patients (0.20
      U/month). Despite added energy intake from dialysate glucose absorption, the
      total energy intake was suboptimal in most patients. The mean growth velocity was
      only 0.35 cm/month and only 4 of 17 patients observed for more than 6 months
      exhibited normal growth velocity. The incidence of peritonitis was one episode
      every 12.5 patient months. Rehabilitation was excellent with all patients engaged
      in age-appropriate activities. CAPD appears to be an acceptable therapeutic
      modality for children with ESRD.

PMID- 6584673
TI  - Taurine metabolism in experimental renal failure.
AB  - Taurine is important for the regulation of ionic fluxes in excitable tissues,
      especially in heart where it is the most abundant amino acid. To investigate a
      possible role of taurine in uremia, we measured the taurine concentrations in
      plasma, liver, muscle, heart, and brain tissues of young male Wistar rats. Two
      groups of rats were studied: (1) rats with acute renal failure (ARF) 12, 24, and
      48 hours after bilateral nephrectomy and (2) rats with chronic renal failure
      (CRF) studied 3 weeks after 5/6 nephrectomy. In ARF animals, taurine increased in
      plasma and liver two to three times the normal levels, remained unchanged in
      muscle and brain, but decreased in heart tissue; this decrease (-20%) was
      significantly correlated with the concomitant increase of BUN and plasma
      creatinine. In CRF animals, taurine was unchanged in plasma, liver, muscle, and
      heart, but was increased by 70% in brain accompanied by a high content of gamma
      aminoisobutyric acid. The data suggest that in uremia accumulation of taurine is
      counteracted by increased hepatic elimination and/or decreased synthesis. The
      depletion of taurine in cardiac muscle might be related to the development of
      uremic heart disease. The increased concentrations of brain taurine might
      represent a compensation for the increased neuroexcitability in CRF.

PMID- 6584675
TI  - Growth and development of nondialyzed children with chronic renal failure.
AB  - Thirty-four children with severe kidney disease, either congenital (32 cases) or
      developing at birth, were followed until age 5 to 19 years. Overall growth
      retardation corresponded to -2.5 SD below the mean normal values. The retardation
      occurred almost exclusively before therapy for it was started. Fifteen children
      were first treated during infancy. In all of them except one, growth was
      dramatically improved following the first visit to our center, growth changing
      from slowed to normal rate, although catch-up growth was rare: the average change
      from normal mean height was -1.68 SD (or -5 SD per year) calculated for the
      infantile period up to the first visit to our clinic, followed by a change of
      +0.18 SD per year between first presentation and age 12 months, and +0.01 SD per
      year between first presentation and last observation at a mean age of 8.3 years.
      In the 19 patients who were treated after the first year of life, the mean change
      of height from birth to first presentation was -0.33 SD per year followed by a
      mean change of -0.04 SD per year up to the last observation (mean period, 7.3
      years). Catch-up growth was exceptional. Five children entered puberty with a
      normal growth spurt. When GFR deteriorated, growth velocity was unchanged. Height
      calculated for corresponding bone maturity was reduced in half of the patients
      when first seen, but progressed to the same degree as height during follow-up,
      except in one patient. Mental development was normal in 31 of 34 patients.
      Conclusion. Normal growth rate and normal development is possible in children and
      even in infants with CRF chronic renal failure. The importance of instituting
      early conservative treatment to prevent height loss must be emphasized.

PMID- 6584676
TI  - Prediction of adult height in children with chronic renal insufficiency.
AB  - The ability to accurately predict adult height (AH) has important implications
      for the management of children with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). Serial
      predictions of AH were performed for 22 pediatric patients with CRI of variable
      duration and severity using the Tanner predictive method. The patients were
      followed until completion of growth. At the first predictions, the prediction
      error (PE) was within an acceptable range of +/- 2 cm in 59% of the patients. The
      mean size of the PE was 2.7 cm. It was larger in 7 patients with a bone age up to
      11 years (4.9 cm) as compared to 15 patients with more advanced bone age (1.7 cm)
      and also larger in males (3.4 cm) than in females (2.4 cm). There was no
      correlation between size or direction of PE and (1) mode of treatment and (2)
      time elapsed between the first prediction and age at AH. A significant
      association was found between the direction of PE and the relative change in body
      height from the first prediction to adult age. Patients with decreasing SD scores
      were overpredicted and those with increasing SD scores were underpredicted at the
      initial assessment. Serial predictions gave large variations only in 2 girls who
      presented with unusual growth patterns. These results indicate that the method
      applied allows a reliable prognosis of future growth in most children with CRI.

PMID- 6584677
TI  - Protein and energy requirements in children receiving chronic hemodialysis.
AB  - Protein and energy requirements were evaluated in 15 children with chronic renal
      failure. The children were ambulatory and stable, being maintained on
      hemodialysis and a well-tolerated diet regime. The goals of the study were (1) to
      approximate the dietary protein and energy levels needed to produce a positive
      protein balance and (2) to estimate the effect of diet on dialysis requirements.
      In positive balance periods (18 of 24 periods), the protein intake varied between
      0.2 and 0.5 g/cm/day and the energy intake varied between 6.4 and 21.2
      kcal/cm/day. A linear relationship existed between the PCR and the protein intake
      for positive as well as negative protein balance periods. PCR--thus urea
      generation--was uniformly lower for children in positive balance. Results suggest
      that a positive balance can be achieved at a protein intake of 0.3 g/cm of
      statural height and at an energy intake of 10 kcal/cm without an increase in
      dialysis requirements.

PMID- 6584678
TI  - Vitamin D metabolites in renal insufficiency and other vitamin D disorders of
      children.
AB  - Serum vitamin D metabolites were measured in relation to factors responsible for
      the synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D in children with renal disease and other disorders of
      vitamin D metabolism. Severe renal failure (CCr less than 15 ml/min/1.73 m2) was
      associated with a reduction in 1,25(OH)2D to 25% of mean normal levels, a very
      high PTH/1,25(OH)2D ratio of 75 (normal = 0.74), and a 60% reduction of serum
      24,25(OH)2D. At CCr values between 15 and 50 ml/min 1.73 m2, 1,25(OH)2D was 50%
      of normal, despite a PTH/1,25(OH)2D ratio of 7 and a normal 24,25(OH)2D value.
      Above clearance values of 75 ml/min/1.73 m2, 1,25(OH)2D and the ratio were
      normal. Oral 1,25(OH)2D therapy in severe chronic renal insufficiency caused a
      fall in this ratio from 75 to 8. High PTH/1,25(OH)2D ratios were found in
      hypophosphatemic rickets and vitamin D-deficiency rickets, indicating reduced
      synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D relative to PTH. Low ratios were found in
      hypoparathyroidism and sarcoidosis, possibly indicating independence of PTH
      stimulation in 1,25(OH)2D production. The ratios of calcium/1,25(OH)2D and
      phosphate/1,25(OH)2D also provided useful information in each of these
      conditions, indicating that the use of such series of ratios in selected patients
      may promote a better understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and of the response
      to therapy.

PMID- 6584679
TI  - Serum erythropoietin levels in children with chronic renal failure.
AB  - Serum erythropoietin (EPO) was measured in 64 children with chronic renal failure
      (CRF) by means of the fetal mouse liver cell assay. The results were compared
      with two control groups consisting of 20 healthy children and 10 with nonrenal
      anemia. EPO was analyzed according to the mode of treatment and the degree of
      uremia, anemia, hypoxemia, hyperparathyroidism, and body iron load. Mean EPO was
      36 U/liter on conservative treatment (CT) (N = 30), similar to that in healthy
      children (35 U/liter) and in 15 children with renal transplants (TP, 39 U/liter),
      but significantly higher than that in 19 patients on regular dialysis (RDT; 16
      U/liter) and lower than that in children with nonrenal anemia but with similar
      hemoglobin (230 U/liter). On CT, EPO was higher with severe uremia (SCr greater
      than 4 mg/dl) compared with moderate CRF and was inversely correlated with
      hemoglobin, but on a lower level compared with control, whereas on RDT the
      correlation became positive. By serial measurements, the decrease of EPO from CT
      to RDT was confirmed. An inverse relationship between EPO and p50 or the oxygen
      transport index was detected only on CT and after TP. EPO was inversely
      correlated with serum ferritin levels on HD. Between EPO and PTH, no correlation
      was found. Data demonstrate a negative feedback between EPO and the degree of
      hypoxia in children with CRF. On CT, this regulatory mechanism of erythropoiesis
      is acting on a lower level than it does in control subjects and is lost on RDT.

PMID- 6584680
TI  - Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function in children with chronic renal
      failure.
AB  - Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function was made on 24 children with
      chronic renal failure of varying etiology and severity. In 20 patients without
      evidence of cardiac failure, parameters of left ventricular performance as
      represented by PEP/LVET and mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening
      were within normal limits in the majority of patients. In addition, ejection
      fraction and shortening fraction were, in most children, within the 95%
      confidence limits for their age. In 4 patients who presented with congestive
      heart failure, marked left ventricular dilatation was noted in association with
      decreased shortening and ejection fractions and depressed mean velocity of
      circumferential fiber shortening. Also the PEP/LVET in these patients suggested
      the presence of a uremic cardiomyopathic condition. These studies, in addition to
      our own studies on children who have undergone fistula construction,
      hemodialysis, and transplantation, suggest that cardiac performance, in the
      majority of pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease, is well maintained
      and that the major factor involved in reducing exercise tolerance is the presence
      of uremic anemia. Only a minority of patients may develop severe uremic heart
      disease.

PMID- 6584681
TI  - Transperitoneal solute movement in children.
AB  - The transperitoneal movement of solute in children was examined by means of a
      theoretical consideration of the peritoneal clearance formula and by the
      performance of peritoneal solute diffusion curves and measurement of peritoneal
      clearances of multiple solutes. Theoretical considerations led to the conclusion
      that when dialysis mechanics are held constant, peritoneal clearances scaled for
      weight are similar in individuals of widely varying weight when the volume of
      infused dialysate is also scaled for weight if peritoneal permeability and
      surface area are constant. In one group of studies, solute diffusion curves and
      weight-scaled peritoneal clearances of urea, phosphate, creatinine, and urate
      were similar in 3 children ages 4 to 18 months compared to 4 children ages 2.5 to
      18.5 years. In a second group of studies, weight-scaled peritoneal clearances of
      inulin but not urea were shown to be marginally lower in 4 children who had been
      dialyzed longer than 6 months compared with 4 children dialyzed less than 1
      month. Hypertonic glucose dialysis in these children was shown to enhance urea
      clearance but not that of inulin. It is concluded that comparative studies of
      peritoneal clearances can characterize the transperitoneal movement of solute in
      children of widely varying body size. Such studies are of greatest value when
      systematically performed and similar ratios of dialysate volumes to body pools of
      solute are used.

PMID- 6584682
TI  - [Use of carminomycin in adults with acute leukemia].

PMID- 6584683
TI  - Donor artificial insemination at a private infertility center.

PMID- 6584684
TI  - Primary care information processing: the computer comes of age.

PMID- 6584685
TI  - Intraarticular fractures of the hand: careful scrutiny is advised.

PMID- 6584686
TI  - Aspirin and postoperative hemorrhage.

PMID- 6584687
TI  - Community-oriented primary care: new direction for health care in South Carolina.

PMID- 6584688
TI  - The nature of placental steroid sulphatase deficiency in man.
AB  - Human placental steroid sulphatase was partially purified from microsome
      suspensions of control and steroid sulphatase deficient placentae. After
      polyacrylamidegel electrophoresis, staining for protein and enzymatic activity
      revealed that steroid sulphatase from control placenta migrates at Rf = 0.44. In
      steroid sulphatase deficient microsomes no protein band and only a very faint
      sulphatase activity band could be detected at Rf = 0.44. Immunoelectrophoresis
      employing antisera raised against both steroid sulphatase preparations, only gave
      a protein precipitation line with sulphatase activity when using control placenta
      microsomes and the antiserum against steroid sulphatase from control placenta.
      All other placental microsomes-antisera combinations appeared to be negative. Our
      results strongly suggest that the nature of X-linked steroid sulphatase
      deficiency is a decreased amount of steroid sulphatase protein.

PMID- 6584689
TI  - Sexual activity influences organ weight and androgen metabolism of rat prostate,
      bulbocavernosus/levator ani muscle and kidney.
AB  - Previously we have shown that rats living under heterosexual conditions (HE-rats)
      have significantly higher weights of androgen target organs like prostate and
      bulbocavernosus/levator ani muscle (BCLA) than rats living under homosexual
      conditions (HO-rats). Knowing that androgen metabolism is an important regulator
      of androgenic action, we have measured in vitro by thin-layer chromatography the
      testosterone 5 alpha-reductase and 3 alpha (beta)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3
      alpha (beta)-HSDH) activity in prostate and BCLA of both groups. Furthermore, we
      looked for weight differences of the kidney from HE- and HO-rats. The main
      results are: (1) The mean apparent Michaelis constant (Km) of 5 alpha-reductase
      in prostate was identical in both groups, being 0.22 and 0.24 microM for HE- and
      HO-rats, respectively. (2) The mean 5 alpha-reductase activity was significantly
      (P less than 0.001; n = 18) lower in prostate of HE- (11.1 +/- 0.5 (SEM) pmol 5
      alpha-reduced metabolites X mg protein-1 X h-1 1) than HO-rats (13.9 +/- 0.4).
      (3) The mean apparent Km of 3 alpha (beta)-HSDH was identical in HE- and HO-rats,
      being 3.7 and 4.3 microM, respectively. (4) The mean 3 alpha (beta)-HSDH activity
      was significantly (P less than 0.001; n = 20) lower in prostate of HE- (1.58 +/-
      0.05 (SEM) nmol 3 alpha (beta)-reduced metabolites X mg protein-1 X h-1) than HO
      rats (1.85 +/- 0.05). (5) The mean 3 alpha (beta)-HSDH activity was significantly
      (P less than 0.001; n = 24) lower in BCLA of HE- (284 +/- 9.6 (SEM) pmol 3 alpha
      (beta)-reduced metabolites X mg protein-1 X h-1 than HO-rats (422 +/- 18.7). (6)
      Besides prostate and BCLA, also the absolute as well as relative weights of the
      kidney were significantly higher in HE- than HO-rats. (7) It will be discussed
      that despite various significant differences in androgen metabolism, other
      factors might be responsible for the organ weight differences of prostate, BCLA
      and kidney between HE- and HO-rats.

PMID- 6584690
TI  - 1-Ene-steroid reductase of Mycobacterium sp. NRRL B-3805.
AB  - The microbial enzymatic reduction of 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (ADD) to 4
      androstene-3,17-dione (AD), testosterone and 1-dehydrotestosterone (DHT) is
      described. Two reducing activities observed in washed cell suspensions and cell
      free extracts of Mycobacterium sp. NRRL B-3805 were found to account for these
      bioconversions. One was a 1-ene-steroid reductase and the other a 17-keto steroid
      reductase. The first reducing activity was found to appear in the soluble cell
      fraction whereas the latter could be precipitated by centrifugation. Maximum 1
      ene-steroid reductase specific activity was achieved during the exponential
      growth phase of the organism and significantly increased upon induction with ADD.
      The 1-ene-steroid reductase was partially purified (30-fold) by ammonium sulfate
      fractionation, gel-filtration and ion-exchange chromatography, and was eluted
      from a Sephacryl S-300 column with an Mr = 115,000. The 1-ene-steroid reductase
      activity was NADPH-dependent and had specificity towards steroid compounds
      containing C-1,2 double bond with an apparent Km for ADD of 2.2 X 10(-5) M. The
      reverse reaction catalyzing C-1,2 dehydrogenation could not be detected in our
      preparations. The results suggest that in Mycobacterium sp NRRL B-3805 and B-3683
      the steroid C-1,2 dehydrogenation and 1-ene reduction are two separable
      activities.

PMID- 6584691
TI  - Affinity of tixocortol pivalate (JO 1016), tixocortol, cortisol acetate and
      cortisol for dexamethasone receptors of mouse thymus cells and rat renomedullary
      interstitial cells in culture. Correlation with their biological activities.
AB  - Affinity for the dexamethasone binding sites of tixocortol pivalate, (the ester
      of the 21 thiol derivatives of cortisol), a steroid with local anti-inflammatory
      activity similar to cortisol acetate and with no systemic activity, was
      investigated in comparison with other steroids: tixocortol (the thiol derivative
      yielded by esterase hydrolysis), cortisol acetate and cortisol. The rank order of
      relative affinity for dexamethasone receptor of mouse thymocytes (37 degrees C)
      was: dexamethasone (1), cortisol (0.20), tixocortol pivalate (0.16), tixocortol
      (0.065), cortisol acetate (0.05). The corresponding 21 oxygenated ester (cortisol
      pivalate) was found less potent (0.080). Using rat renomedullary interstitial
      cells in culture, tixocortol pivalate showed also a higher receptor affinity than
      tixocortol. Cortisol acetate was as potent as tixocortol pivalate. The biological
      activity of tixocortol pivalate measured by the inhibition of PGE2 secretion on
      the same model, was similar to cortisol acetate and cortisol (10(-6) M, 24 h
      incubation, 38-55% inhibition). Tixocortol was less active (26%). These results
      with tixocortol pivalate are in good agreement with previously reported in vivo
      studies and show a good correlation between its binding ability and biological
      effect.

PMID- 6584692
TI  - Chemical modification of tyrosine residues in active-site of human placental
      estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase by tetranitromethane.
AB  - The native estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase purified from human placenta was
      rapidly inactivated by tetranitromethane, which is a reagent for chemical
      modification of tyrosine and cysteine residues. The inactivation followed pseudo
      first-order reaction kinetics, and the activity was partially recovered by
      addition of dithiothreitol. On the other hand, the enzyme sulfhydryl-blocked by
      5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) was treated with tetranitromethane, and the
      activity was assayed in the presence of dithiothreitol. Tetranitromethane
      inactivated the enzyme in a time-dependent manner, following pseudo-first-order
      kinetics. The rate of inactivation was significantly decreased by addition of
      NADP(H), 2'-AMP, 5'-ATP, 2',5'-ADP, 3-pyridine aldehyde-DPN and 3-acetylpyridine
      DPN(reduced form). These results suggest that the tyrosyl residues are located at
      or near the cofactor-binding site of the estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase and play
      an essential role in the catalytic function of the enzyme.

PMID- 6584694
TI  - 13th annual UCLA symposium. Abstracts: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

PMID- 6584693
TI  - 12th annual UCLA symposia. March 27-April 30, 1983. Abstracts.

PMID- 6584696
TI  - 13th annual UCLA symposium. Abstracts: Regulation of the immune system.

PMID- 6584695
TI  - 13th annual UCLA symposium. Abstracts: Genes and cancer.

PMID- 6584697
TI  - 13th annual UCLA symposium. Abstracts: Molecular biology of development.

PMID- 6584698
TI  - 13 annual UCLA symposium. Abstracts: Genome rearrangement.

PMID- 6584699
TI  - 13th annual UCLA symposium. Abstracts: Cellular and molecular biology of plant
      stress.

PMID- 6584700
TI  - 13th annual UCLA symposium. Abstracts: Extracellular matrix: structure and
      function.

PMID- 6584701
TI  - 13th annual UCLA symposium. Abstracts: Neurobiology: molecular biological
      approaches to understanding neuronal function and development.

PMID- 6584703
TI  - Influence of diet form on the hyperphagia-promoting effect of polysaccharide in
      rats.
AB  - Adult female rats were fed chow only, or chow plus the polysaccharide Polycose
      presented as a solution (32% w/v), as a powder, or as a powder mixed into the
      chow diet. The rats fed the Polycose solution overate and gained three times as
      much weight as did the control rats in the 30-day test period. The rats fed the
      Polycose powder or mixed diet, on the other hand, did not differ from controls in
      food intake or weight gain. The solution-fed rats consumed more Polycose than did
      the powder-fed rats, but the two groups were equivalent in their chow intake. The
      absolute and percent body fat of the solution-fed rats exceeded that of control
      rats, as well as that of powder and mixed-diet animals. The percent body fat of
      the powder and mixed-diet groups exceeded that of the control animals. The
      findings demonstrate that the form of diet presentation has a major impact on the
      rat's feeding and body weight responses to polysaccharide diets.

PMID- 6584702
TI  - [Imbalance of hormones regulating the phosphocalcium metabolism in myeloid
      leukemia].

PMID- 6584704
TI  - [Genetic analysis of a Toba indian population. Study of the frequency of HLA-DR].

PMID- 6584705
TI  - [Contribution of cytogenetic studies to the diagnosis and treatment of
      leukemias].

PMID- 6584706
TI  - An ultrastructural study of alkaline phosphatase in a transplantable rat
      osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - Alkaline phosphatase (AP) has been demonstrated by combined electron microscopy
      and histochemistry in a transplantable rat osteogenic sarcoma, using a modified
      Gomori technique (Salomon, 1974). During the early stages of growth of
      subcutaneously implanted tumors, AP was detected in intracellular membrane
      systems resembling Golgi and on membranes of cells and matrix vesicles. During
      growth of the tumor, there was extensive development of intercellular collagen,
      and AP was demonstrated in bodies associated with collagen. In some cases the AP
      containing bodies resembled matrix vesicles, but there was considerable size
      heterogeneity of the AP-containing bodies, suggesting that there may be
      heterogeneity of matrix vesicles. The amount of detectable AP seemed to increase
      in all areas of the tumor which were viable, during tumor growth, but no AP could
      be detected in cell debris of necrotic areas of the tumor (area C) nor associated
      with collagen in that area. Area D, particularly during later stages of tumor
      growth, showed the greatest development of calcium deposits, with calcium
      spicules apparently associated with AP-containing bodies on both cell membranes
      and collagen. AP-containing bodies also appeared in large numbers in venules
      during later stages of tumor growth, associated with an amorphous material. This
      may account for the increase in serum AP activity which occurs during later
      stages of growth of transplanted tumors. The sites of AP activity in this
      osteogenic sarcoma were similar to those described in normal tissue, but
      generally seemed to be more abundant.

PMID- 6584707
TI  - The plasma amino acid response to cafeteria feeding in the rat: influence of
      hyperphagia, sucrose intake, and exercise.
AB  - The plasma amino acid response to voluntary hyperphagia was evaluated in rats fed
      a "cafeteria" diet for 4 to 8 weeks and compared to chow-fed controls. The
      influence of the sucrose content of the cafeteria diet was examined by studying
      rats given a low-sucrose, highly palatable, liquid diet (Magnacal). In a second
      series of studies the cafeteria diet was fed to rats housed in wheel cages and
      who ran 2.0 +/- 0.1 milles per day and compared with a sedentary cafeteria-fed
      group housed in standard cages. As expected, the cafeteria diet resulted in
      hyperphagia (45% to 55%) and in increased weight gain (35% to 50%). In response
      to cafeteria feeding there was an increase in plasma threonine, serine, proline,
      citrulline, alpha-amino butyric acid (ABA), and tyrosine. Significant decreases
      were observed in the branched chain amino acids (BCAA), valine and leucine. All
      of these changes were also observed when hyperphagia was induced with the low
      sucrose diet, with the exception of the rise in ABA. In the exercised cafeteria
      fed rats, excessive weight gain did not occur. Nevertheless, the amino acid
      response to the cafeteria diet was the same as in sedentary rats with excessive
      weight gain. The plasma amino acid pattern in those rats that developed glucose
      intolerance during cafeteria feeding and those that maintained normal glucose
      tolerance was similar. We conclude that hyperphagia induced by cafeteria feeding
      in the rat results in a specific plasma amino acid profile characterized by
      elevations in some amino acids (threonine, serine, proline, citrulline, ABA, and
      tyrosine) and reductions in the BCAA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6584709
TI  - Leucostasis: an uncommon cause of respiratory distress.

PMID- 6584708
TI  - A model for mammalian male determination based on a passive Y chromosome.
AB  - A model is suggested for mammalian male determination based on interactions
      postulated to occur among an autosomal repressor gene, an X-linked male
      determining gene termed Tdx, and multiple copies of certain DNA sequences on the
      Y chromosome that do not code for any protein. The repressor, synthesised in
      limited amounts, has higher affinity for the Y-linked sequences than for Tdx and
      its affinity for Tdx is greater than that of RNA polymerase. In XY cells the Y
      effectively binds all available repressor, permitting transcription of Tdx to
      occur. In XX cells, since competition from the Y-linked high-affinity sequences
      is absent, the repressor binds to Tdx and prevents transcription. As a result of
      this competition between Tdx and the Y-linked high-affinity sites for limiting
      concentrations of the autosomal repressor, the product of the Tdx gene (TDX) is
      synthesized in the male but not in the female. It is suggested that in
      determination of the male sex, the role of the Y chromosome is to serve as a sink
      for the Tdx repressor. The proposed interactions provide a plausible explanation
      for the genetic properties of several anomalies of sexual development in mouse,
      man, and other mammals. The model suggests that the postulated multiple, high
      affinity sequences on the Y chromosome of the mouse are included among the DNA
      sequences referred to as the Sxr-Bkm sequences.

PMID- 6584710
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy observations of the surface of the pulp chamber at
      different stages of dentinogenesis].

PMID- 6584711
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy observations of cementum ultrastructure].

PMID- 6584712
TI  - [Opaque temporomandibular arthrography in the diagnosis of menisco-condylar
      dysfunction].

PMID- 6584713
TI  - [Indications for the surgical and rehabilitative treatment of mandibular condyle
      fractures].

PMID- 6584714
TI  - [Planning of surgical orthodontic correction in a case of bone Class III].

PMID- 6584715
TI  - [Role of surgery in the therapeutic approach to spinocellular carcinomas of the
      oral cavity. Indications, technics, anatomico-clinical aspects and results.
      Comments on a survey of 50 patients with a 12- to 92-month follow-up].

PMID- 6584716
TI  - [Immediate reconstructive treatment of the palatal hemidiaphragm by a chin flap
      and simultaneous or delayed transposition of Stensen's parotid duct in patients
      undergoing surgical destruction of a hemimaxilla].

PMID- 6584717
TI  - [Treatment of mandibular condyle fractures].

PMID- 6584718
TI  - [Fluorine concentrations in the enamel and dentin of healthy, carious and
      fluorotic teeth in a nuclear reaction study].

PMID- 6584719
TI  - [Indications, false indications and contraindications for periapical surgery].

PMID- 6584720
TI  - [Reconstructive alveoloplasty. Interventions for alveolar crest augmentation.l A
      clinical note].

PMID- 6584721
TI  - [Long-term esthetic and functional assessment of the surgical treatment of
      maxillofacial injuries. 345 cases seen at the Dental and Otorhinolaryngologic
      Clinics of the University of Modena 1976-1981].

PMID- 6584722
TI  - [Lead release from dental ceramics in an acid environment].

PMID- 6584723
TI  - [Cases of referred pain due to pathology of dental interest].

PMID- 6584725
TI  - [Instrumental relaxation of the masticatory muscles with EMG biofeedback. A
      clinico-experimental study].

PMID- 6584724
TI  - [Primary oral tuberculosis after dental extractions. Clinical, histopathological
      and epidemiological aspects].

PMID- 6584726
TI  - [Oral manifestations of ulcerative rectocolitis].

PMID- 6584728
TI  - [Christ-Siemens-Weech syndrome. Comments apropos a case].

PMID- 6584727
TI  - [Crown and root pathological tooth fractures. Comments on 32 cases].

PMID- 6584729
TI  - [Importance of dental prophylaxis with hemophiliacs. Assessment of precautionary
      standards by health personnel].

PMID- 6584730
TI  - [Biological properties of the materials used in conservative dentistry. III.
      Materials for coronal reconstruction].

PMID- 6584731
TI  - [Clinical bases of endodontic surgery].

PMID- 6584733
TI  - Home care for children on respirators.

PMID- 6584732
TI  - Gene therapy.
AB  - A number of techniques are available for insertion of new genetic information
      into mammalian cells. some of these have been used successfully for genetic
      modification of germ line cells and somatic cells of living animals. Some of
      these techniques may be applicable to treatment of some of the genetic diseases
      of man, once problems related to the control of expression of introduced genes
      are solved.

PMID- 6584735
TI  - [Percutaneous chordotomy, (in)sufficient as pain control in cancer?].

PMID- 6584734
TI  - Isotypic and allotypic variation of human class II histocompatibility antigen
      alpha-chain genes.
AB  - DNA sequences of four human class II histocompatibility antigen alpha chain DNA
      sequences (derived from cDNA and genomic clones representing DC1 alpha, DC4
      alpha, DX alpha and SB alpha) are presented and compared to DR alpha and to mouse
      I-A alpha and I-E alpha sequences. These data suggest possible mechanisms for the
      generation of polymorphism and the evolution of the DR, DC and SB families.

PMID- 6584736
TI  - [Immunization against dental caries].

PMID- 6584737
TI  - [Peer review. II. The Dutch situation].

PMID- 6584738
TI  - [Washing time of dental radiographs and their quality after storage].

PMID- 6584739
TI  - [A description of an educational plan for the integrated treatment of patients].

PMID- 6584740
TI  - [Survival curves and cumulative hazard curves for restorations. A description of
      the method].

PMID- 6584741
TI  - [Integration of preclinical and clinical courses in education in dental
      prosthetics].

PMID- 6584742
TI  - [An artificial mouth: a model for plaque and caries studies].

PMID- 6584744
TI  - Dental technicians.

PMID- 6584743
TI  - Effect of tetrabenazine on tics and sleep of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.
AB  - Supersensitivity of dopaminergic receptors may be responsible for the tics of
      Tourette's syndrome. Symptoms improve after treatment with dopamine blockers, but
      side effects limit use of these drugs. We evaluated tetrabenazine (which has both
      presynaptic monoamine-depleting effects and postsynaptic blocking action) in nine
      patients. Marked and lasting (more than 6 months) improvement occurred in four
      patients (ages 10 to 14 years), mild or transient (less than 6 months)
      improvement occurred in three patients (ages 11 to 20 years), and two patients
      (age 48 years) had minimal or no response. Side effects included drowsiness in
      six, "nervousness" in two, depression in two, parkinsonism in one, and oculogyric
      crises in one, but all undesirable effects cleared with maintenance or reduction
      of the dosage.

PMID- 6584745
TI  - The prevalence of dental caries in 5-year-old New Zealand children in 1977 and
      1982.

PMID- 6584746
TI  - The prevalence of dental caries in 12- and 13-year-old New Zealand children in
      1977 and 1982.

PMID- 6584747
TI  - Spectral distribution and relative irradiance of dental "white-light" sources.

PMID- 6584748
TI  - Determinants of differences in mortality between New Zealand Maoris and non
      Maoris aged 15-64.
AB  - Maori mortality is compared with that of other New Zealanders aged 15-64 in the
      period 1974 to 1978. For males, it is estimated that approximately 20% of the
      Maori excess in mortality is associated with marked ethnic differences in socio
      economic status. Of the remaining excess, an estimated 15% is linked with
      cigarette smoking, 10% with alcohol consumption (excluding accidental cause of
      deaths), 5% with obesity and 17% was due to accidents. However 36% of the non
      social class related excess involved rheumatic and hypertensive heart disease,
      nephritis, bronchiectasis, diabetes and tuberculosis which were all associated
      with a Maori mortality five or more times that for non-Maoris. It is recommended
      that resources should be allocated so that Maori people can be employed to
      maintain contact with Maori patients with these diseases in order to improve
      health services utilisation and compliance with therapy. While it was not
      possible to determine socio-economic status for females from national mortality
      data, other findings were similar to those found for males except that mortality
      from coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease also contributed to the
      Maori excess.

PMID- 6584749
TI  - Nuclear arms race.

PMID- 6584750
TI  - The Canterbury alcoholism screening test (CAST): a detection instrument for use
      with hospitalised patients.
AB  - The Canterbury alcoholism screening test (CAST) was developed from data collected
      on 2014 consecutive non-paediatric general hospital admissions. The CAST
      correctly identified 95% of patients classified by the short MAST as definitely
      alcoholic, and misclassified only 1.6% of controls. When administered to 165
      patients from various alcoholism treatment centres, the CAST classified all
      patients as having alcohol problems. The screening test consists of two parts
      adapted from the Munich alcoholism test (MALT): a twenty-three item self-report
      section and a four item clinician's assessment. The CAST, which takes about four
      minutes to administer, has considerable potential use for the early detection of
      patients with current alcohol problems in an unselected hospital population.

PMID- 6584751
TI  - Childhood cancer in New Zealand.

PMID- 6584752
TI  - Scombroid food poisoning from fish.

PMID- 6584753
TI  - Deafness is an adverse reaction to the prophylactic use of metronidazole.

PMID- 6584754
TI  - Acupuncture.

PMID- 6584755
TI  - Deaths from electricity.
AB  - This paper reviews the circumstances of 95 fatalities from electrical injuries.
      Eighty-nine were accidental, four were suicides and two occurred during
      autoerotic electrical stimulation. Forty-nine of the accidental fatalities
      occurred at work, Twenty-eight in the home and twelve in the course of outside
      recreational activities. In many accidents the circumstances were distressingly
      similar and included: (1) Contact with overhead distribution lines by a length of
      conductor such as a yacht mast or crane. (2) Faulty wiring or electrical repairs
      performed by unqualified people. (3) Badly deteriorated cords, plugs and
      occasionally appliances. (4) Failure to use isolating transformers when
      indicated. Deaths involving children are a particular cause of concern. Nine
      fatalites involved children under the age of five years who contacted
      inadequately protected wires.

PMID- 6584756
TI  - Iodine intake in an urban environment: a study of urine iodide excretion in
      Auckland.
AB  - Dietary iodine intake was estimated by measurement of iodide in random overnight
      12 hr and 24 hr urine samples. Urinary iodide excretion was measured in 231
      healthy females comprising 127 female secondary students (ages 16-19), 27 female
      tertiary students (17-23 yr), 42 female laundry workers (18-52 yr) and 26
      pregnant women in the third trimester (18-40 yr). Urine iodide excretion was also
      examined in a group of 28 patients attending a thyroid clinic, with thyroid
      disease of diverse aetiology and in 34 patients taking the antiarrhythmic drug
      amiodarone for control of cardiac arrhythmias. The mean daily urine iodide
      excretion was 2.4 mumol/day (0.9-5.8 mumol/day) and iodide to creatinine ratio
      0.21 mumol/mmol (0.09-0.29). Iodine deficiency (less than 0.4 mumol/day) was not
      observed in any subject. Excessive iodine (greater than 8 mumol/day) was found
      only in patients known to be taking iodine-containing drugs and in one normal
      individual. The urine iodide was normal in 154 female students, 14 of whom had a
      trivial thyroid enlargement. The study suggests that dietary sources other than
      iodised salt contribute significantly to dietary iodine intake and that residual
      goitre in the community is not secondary to deficiency or excess of dietary
      iodine.

PMID- 6584757
TI  - Advances in the management of infertility.

PMID- 6584759
TI  - The New Zealand congenital anomaly register.

PMID- 6584758
TI  - The use of intravenous disopyramide for the conversion of supraventricular
      tachyarrhythmias.
AB  - A study of the efficacy of intravenous disopyramide in the conversion of
      supraventricular tachyarrhythmias to sinus rhythm was undertaken in a group of 23
      patients with a variety of cardiological diagnoses. An intravenous bolus (2
      mg/kg) followed, where appropriate, by an infusion (0.4 mg/kg) resulted in an
      overall conversion rate of 63% (43% in atrial fibrillation, 50% in atrial
      flutter, 89% in atrial tachycardias). Serious cardiotoxic side effects occurred
      in 15%. The study shows that such a regime is useful in a selected group of
      patients provided certain precautions are observed.

PMID- 6584760
TI  - Computers in hospital.

PMID- 6584761
TI  - Serological procedures in the diagnosis and monitoring of invasive candidosis.

PMID- 6584762
TI  - Cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 6584763
TI  - The general practitioner and the hearing-impaired.

PMID- 6584764
TI  - Health care team work.

PMID- 6584765
TI  - Alcohol abuse.

PMID- 6584766
TI  - Maternal phenylketonuria.

PMID- 6584767
TI  - Buprenorphine side effects.

PMID- 6584769
TI  - Lobar pneumonia: patient care and treatment.

PMID- 6584768
TI  - Mothers' knowledge of treatment of infantile diarrhoea.

PMID- 6584770
TI  - Graduate studies in the United States: adapting to a different way of life.

PMID- 6584771
TI  - Outward bound--a unique experience.

PMID- 6584772
TI  - Death and dying.

PMID- 6584773
TI  - Explaining data analysis.

PMID- 6584774
TI  - Planning at regional level: the nursing workforce--a personal perspective.

PMID- 6584775
TI  - Infection control assumes new importance.

PMID- 6584776
TI  - Stress and hospital staff.

PMID- 6584778
TI  - Three way relationship key to paediatric nursing.

PMID- 6584777
TI  - A mother's story: caring and coping with a hip spica.

PMID- 6584780
TI  - Study tours: plan, prepare -- then enjoy!

PMID- 6584779
TI  - Help and support for young families.

PMID- 6584781
TI  - Role training helps nurses cope with difficult situations.

PMID- 6584782
TI  - The nursing care plan: a cure for information pollution.

PMID- 6584783
TI  - Guidelines for the parenteral administration of cytotoxic agents.

PMID- 6584784
TI  - Nursing workforce in New Zealand.

PMID- 6584785
TI  - Change of attitude is needed.

PMID- 6584786
TI  - Nurses' Amendment Act 1983.

PMID- 6584787
TI  - Relevance of physical nursing assessment as seen by nurses and patients in the
      New Zealand setting.

PMID- 6584788
TI  - Psychological needs of the cancer patient and related nursing intervention.

PMID- 6584790
TI  - Children's health: tomorrow's wealth: World Health Day - 7 April 1984.

PMID- 6584789
TI  - A claim for life. The fight to win.

PMID- 6584791
TI  - Professionalism.

PMID- 6584792
TI  - Yesterday's dental market in the United States has changed in today's world.

PMID- 6584793
TI  - The treatment of dental patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

PMID- 6584795
TI  - What dentists should know about leasing.

PMID- 6584794
TI  - Update on Keogh plan guidelines.

PMID- 6584796
TI  - A dental education for New York State residents.

PMID- 6584798
TI  - A guide to New York's Dental Practice Act.

PMID- 6584797
TI  - Perspectives--dental hygiene. Teaching "care": the geriatric traineeship.

PMID- 6584799
TI  - Endodontic diagnosis: a complex art.

PMID- 6584801
TI  - Changes observed upon cutting the gutta percha points.

PMID- 6584802
TI  - The use of warmed gutta percha in endodontics.

PMID- 6584800
TI  - The endodontic management of teeth with incompletely formed apices.

PMID- 6584803
TI  - Modus operandi of diagnostic concepts in endodontics.

PMID- 6584805
TI  - Conducting a marketing audit of your practice.

PMID- 6584804
TI  - Endodontic therapy using hemisections and root amputations.

PMID- 6584806
TI  - "Our ability to adapt is incumbent upon dentists becoming involved".

PMID- 6584807
TI  - Preventive resin restorations: an alternative approach.

PMID- 6584808
TI  - The controversy of mercury in amalgam restorations: review of the literature.

PMID- 6584809
TI  - Eating disorders: physical or psychological starvation?

PMID- 6584810
TI  - Acute leukemia following chemotherapy and radiation therapy--a report of 15
      cases.
AB  - 14 patients developed acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and 1 patient developed
      Burkitt's leukemia following longterm chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for other
      disorders. The main primary disorders included multiple myeloma, Hodgkin's
      disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and breast carcinoma. Acute leukemia developed
      earlier in patients treated by chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy than in
      patients treated by radiotherapy alone (63 months, range 24-132 months; 201
      months, range 48 months to 30 years, respectively). 13 patients presented without
      organomegaly and 8 were pancytopenic. Abnormalities of myeloid and erythroid cell
      lines were observed in the majority of the patients. A high rate of acute
      erythroleukemia (5 out of 14) was found. Increased reticulin fibers were found in
      3 patients. The leukemia was invariably refractory to treatment with a median
      survival of 4 months. The possible role of preexisting abnormal marrow structure
      in the development of therapy-related leukemia is discussed.

PMID- 6584811
TI  - Gram-negative corneal ulcers in elderly aphakic eyes with extended-wear lenses.
AB  - We report 13 cases of corneal ulcers caused by gram-negative bacteria. These
      cases occurred in aphakic eyes wearing hydrophilic contact lenses on an extended
      wear basis. The risks for infection in the elderly aphakic eye with extended-wear
      hydrophilic lenses are increased by delay in removal of the lens. Caution in the
      use of these lenses is urged. The ability of either the patient or an attendant
      to remove the lens as soon as redness, diminished vision, or pain presents itself
      is essential in minimizing the risks for serious infection.

PMID- 6584812
TI  - Mercury--a factor in mental disease? Part 1. Can mercury-silver amalgams cause
      psychiatric symptoms?

PMID- 6584813
TI  - Arthrographically guided splint therapy for recapturing the temporomandibular
      joint meniscus.
AB  - Splint therapy for mandibular repositioning is an accepted method of treatment
      for patients with temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction. An accurate
      method of registering the optimal mandibular position on the basis of
      meniscocondyle relationships depicted on arthrographs is described.

PMID- 6584814
TI  - Eminectomy and meniscorhaphy for internal derangements of the temporomandibular
      joint. Rationale and operative technique.
AB  - To date, most reports of surgical procedures to correct anterior meniscal
      displacement have focused on excision and repair of redundant posterior
      attachment tissue in conjunction with some form of arthroplasty. A procedure
      involving direct plication of the fibrous disk to the articular capsule
      (meniscorhaphy) and excision of the articular eminence (eminectomy) has yielded
      good results in most of the thirty-three patients with internal TMJ derangements
      on whom this operation has been performed within the past 44 months. The
      procedure is uncomplicated and physiologically sound, and it satisfies the
      concept of intracapsular decompression which is developed and described in this
      article. When surgical intervention is indicated for patients with internal TMJ
      derangements, eminectomy and meniscorhaphy should be given strong consideration.

PMID- 6584815
TI  - Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.
AB  - A case of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome involving marked enlargement of the upper
      lip, plicated tongue, and recurrent migraine headaches has been described. After
      growth of the lip had ceased, lip size was reduced by surgical intervention
      involving broad and deep wedge-shaped excision on the oral side.

PMID- 6584816
TI  - Oral findings of Clouston's syndrome (hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia).

PMID- 6584817
TI  - Maffucci's syndrome. Report of a case with oral hemangiomas.
AB  - A case of dyschondroplasia with hemangiomas (Maffucci's syndrome) is presented.
      The hemangiomas were located on the tongue and represented the only vascular
      lesions of the syndrome. A review of the literature revealed eight previous cases
      with oral hemangiomas.

PMID- 6584818
TI  - Oral presentations in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a review of thirty-one cases. Part
      II. Fourteen cases arising in bone.
AB  - In a series of 31 patients with NHL presenting in the oral region, nine lesions
      were in the maxilla and 5 were in the mandible, for a total of 14 (45%) lesions
      that arose in bone. The most common locations were the posterior regions of the
      maxilla (7 cases) and mandible (4 cases). Diffuse subtypes clearly predominated,
      13 out of 14 cases demonstrating this pattern. Six of the cases were in children,
      and 4 of these qualified as Burkitt's lymphoma. In general, it was found that the
      statistics relating to survival of patients with jawbone lymphoma correspond
      closely to the findings reported for skeletal lymphomas. Despite the high
      incidence of diffuse patterns, 6 of these 14 patients with NHL in bone were alive
      with no evidence of disease 3 years or longer.

PMID- 6584819
TI  - Oral discoid lupus erythematosus. III. A histopathologic study of sixty-six
      patients.
AB  - A detailed histopathologic study was conducted blindly on biopsy specimens from
      66 patients with oral discoid lesions (oral DLE) mixed in random order with
      biopsy specimens from control groups of 25 cases of oral lichen planus (LP), 25
      cases of oral leukoplakia, 13 cases with an uncertain diagnosis termed DLE? LP?
      and 7 cases of galvanic lesions related to amalgam fillings. Fifty-two
      histopathologic variables were examined, and a ranking was calculated for the
      variables that provided the best discrimination between the subgroups of
      clinically typical oral DLE and LP and between typical DLE and leukoplakia,
      respectively. Histopathologic variables not previously described in oral DLE but
      characteristic of this disease were identified: multinucleated epithelial cells
      containing three or more nuclei and the presence of epithelial islands in the
      connective tissue. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in addition
      to oral DLE showed generally the same histopathologic features as those without
      SLE. The inflammatory infiltrates were slighter and more diffuse among the SLE
      patients as compared to the non-SLE patients. The simplest possible combination
      of histopathologic variables diagnostic for oral DLE consisted of the following
      five: (1) hyperkeratosis with keratotic plugs, (2) atrophy of the rete processes,
      (3) deep inflammatory infiltrate, (4) edema in the lamina propria, and (5) thick
      patchy or continuous PAS-positive juxtaepithelial deposits. This combination is
      suggested as new histopathologic criteria for oral DLE. These criteria were
      tested among clinically atypical cases of DLE and the other groups of mucosal
      lesions, with a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 96% against both LP and
      leukoplakia for the presence of two or more of the five criteria.

PMID- 6584820
TI  - Use of xeroradiography for length determination in endodontics.
AB  - Files inserted and secured in forty-seven canals of maxillary and mandibular
      cadaver jaw sections were radiographed by conventional and xeroradiographic
      means, with the use of positioning devices and beam-guiding instruments.
      Measurements of the radiographically interpreted distance and the actual distance
      of files from the anatomic apex were made and compared. The data were analyzed by
      use of the Student's t test. There was no statistically significant difference
      between conventional and xeroradiographic methods. Xeroradiographs were
      subjectively judged better than conventional radiographs for maximum
      visualization of dental structures important to endodontics. Radiation levels
      needed for quality radiographs were found to be less with the xeroradiographic
      process.

PMID- 6584821
TI  - The use of a calibrated percussion instrument in pulpal and periapical diagnosis.
AB  - The use of percussion as a means of evaluating symptoms related to pulpal and
      periapical conditions is well documented. The literature reports no method of
      means for recording any relative measure of this response. A percussion
      instrument was developed to record the various degrees of tenderness to
      percussion on a calibrated basis.

PMID- 6584822
TI  - Choice of contrast medium in sialography.
AB  - Contrast media used for sialography were originally developed for other medical
      applications. Therefore, it was considered desirable to investigate the
      properties of these substances for use in sialography. Eleven radiopaque
      substances were selected, and their properties for sialography were studied. An
      in vitro study was made to determine their contrast qualities and their rate of
      evacuation after the sialographic examination. In animal experiments the possible
      harmful effects of the media on salivary gland tissues were studied. Moreover,
      the effects of the radiopaque material on the extraglandular tissues--which are
      important in understanding the consequences of spilling into these tissues--were
      investigated. The results of this study were compared with data from the
      literature. Conray 80, Amipaque 440, Lipiodol UF, Myodil, and Duroliopaque appear
      to be the media most suited for sialography, provided glandular overfilling is
      avoided. A prolonged clinical study is advised for a further selection from these
      agents.

PMID- 6584823
TI  - Densitometric evaluation of intraoral x-ray films: Ektaspeed versus Ultraspeed.
AB  - Recently a new speed E intraoral dental x-ray film was introduced by the Eastman
      Kodak Company in order to reduce the radiation dose to the patient. In the
      present study the new higher-speed EP21 film was compared with the speed D DF58
      film with regard to speed and quality (fog plus base, sharpness, resolution, and
      contrast) of the resulting images. Results showed no deterioration in the image
      with 50% dose reduction when the EP21 film was used as compared to the DF58 film.
      Therefore, this new type of film is highly recommended for routine radiographic
      examinations.

PMID- 6584824
TI  - Endodontic recall radiographs: how reliable is our interpretation of endodontic
      success or failure and what factors affect our reliability?
AB  - Three hundred thirty cases were selected from an endodontic practice.
      Postoperative and recall radiographs of each case were examined by four
      endodontists for an interpretation of treatment success or failure. One hundred
      eighteen cases were examined a second time by each endodontist. Initial analysis
      showed substantial inconsistency in both inter- and intraobserver interpretation.
      The cases were then categorized by average radiographic density differences
      within radiograph sets, anatomic location of the treated tooth, technical
      compatibility within radiograph sets, and by length of time between postoperative
      and recall radiographs. It appears that these factors do not affect reliability
      of success/failure interpretation.

PMID- 6584825
TI  - An observance of static electricity.

PMID- 6584826
TI  - Transmigration of the mandibular right canine with development of odontoma in its
      place.

PMID- 6584827
TI  - Changes of the hyoid bone and tongue following advancement of the mandible.
AB  - Little is known concerning the adaptation of the tongue and hyoid bone after
      surgical mandibular advancement. This study was undertaken to evaluate the
      relationship between tongue and hyoid bone posture and their adaptation following
      mandibular advancement in fourteen adults. The data indicate that (1) there is no
      statistically significant correlation between changes in the posture of the
      tongue and hyoid bone; (2) the hyoid bone returns toward its presurgical posture;
      and (3) the tongue assumes a new position relative to both the cranial base and
      the mandible. The changes in tongue position occurred immediately after surgery
      and persisted 2 years postoperatively.

PMID- 6584828
TI  - Sublingual gland salivary fistula and sialocele.
AB  - A case of cutaneous salivary fistula and sialocele in the submental area, arising
      from the sublingual gland, is reported and its etiology, development, and
      management are discussed. The entity of plunging ranula is compared to the lesion
      the case presented, and the literature regarding this lesion is reviewed. The
      successful surgical treatment of this case supports the theory that the
      sublingual gland is the source of the disorder. The effect of the altered
      salivary function on the adjacent submandibular gland and duct presented an
      operative complication.

PMID- 6584829
TI  - Prevention of self-inflicted trauma in comatose patients.
AB  - A solution to the problem of self-inflicted trauma to the tongue in decerebrate
      and comatose patients is outlined. The neurophysiology of jaw movement in the
      comatose patient is the basis of design of an intraoral fixed appliance which
      prevents discoordinate or neuropathologic mandibular chewing movements and
      facilitates healing of pre-existing lesions. Described in detail are the
      fabrication, insertion, and maintenance of this protective prosthesis, with
      emphasis on the need for joint effort between the neurosurgery and dentistry
      teams.

PMID- 6584830
TI  - Bifid mandibular condyle.
AB  - Two cases of unilateral bifid mandibular condylar head are reported. A review of
      the literature showed that only four cases had been reported as occurring in
      living patients, although another twenty-two cases have been reported in dried
      skull or cadaver material. A brief discussion of the possible etiology is given.

PMID- 6584831
TI  - Recurrent diffuse osteomyelitis involving the mandible.
AB  - This report describes a case of osteomyelitis that did not respond to routine
      hyperbaric oxygen, surgical debridement, and intravenous antibiotics. The
      multiple sites of the osteomyelitis, the presence of skin lesions, and the
      unusual organism (Corynebacterium group JK, L form) that was isolated indicated
      that the patient might have an immunodeficiency, but none could be identified.

PMID- 6584832
TI  - The role of dental restorative metals in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.
AB  - Twenty-four subjects with oral lichen planus and twelve control subjects without
      oral mucosal disease were patch tested with dental restorative metals and
      selected metallic salts. Twenty-one percent of the lichen planus population
      exhibited a positive skin response to one or more challenge materials, as
      compared to 8% of the control population. It is concluded that oral lichen planus
      subjects show a higher correlation with delayed hypersensitivity to dental metals
      than a control population; however, a cause-and-effect relationship cannot be
      substantiated.

PMID- 6584833
TI  - An unusual oral complication of herpes zoster infection.
AB  - This paper describes a complication of herpes zoster infection of the orofacial
      region involving a 15-year-old girl who, following herpes zoster of the right
      mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve at the age of 7 years, suffered
      abnormal development of the permanent teeth in this quadrant.

PMID- 6584834
TI  - Central odontogenic fibroma of the WHO type.
AB  - Two examples of central odontogenic fibroma, WHO type, are reported. The
      radiographic and microscopic features are discussed and illustrated. Both were
      treated by curettage, and neither has recurred after 10 and 9 years,
      respectively. We postulate an ectomesenchymal-epithelial interaction in the
      histogenesis of this unusual tumor.

PMID- 6584835
TI  - The mixed odontogenic tumors.
AB  - This article attempts to clarify the interrelationships of the so-called mixed
      odontogenic tumors. The difficulty in distinguishing histologically between the
      ameloblastic fibroma and the ameloblastic fibro-odontoma on the one hand and the
      developing odontoma on the other is emphasized. Also discussed is the
      desirability of discarding some terms used for histologic variants of
      ameloblastic fibroma, such as immature dentinoma and ameloblastic fibrodentinoma.

PMID- 6584836
TI  - Acinic cell carcinoma arising in the glossopalatine glands: a report of two cases
      with electron microscopic observations.
AB  - Two cases of acinic cell carcinoma arising in the glossopalatine glands were
      examined with the electron microscope by means of conventional thin sectioning
      and freeze-fracturing. Light and electron microscopic observation revealed that
      the tumors consisted of three types of cells: serous-type, ductlike, and
      vacuolated cells. Serous-type cells had numerous secretory granules, some of
      which were discharged into the intercellular spaces. Ductlike cells were smaller,
      usually lacked secretory granules, and were similar to intercalated duct cells.
      Vacuolated cells had electron-opaque vacuoles in the cytoplasm. Our findings
      supported the hypothesis that acinic cell carcinoma may represent a neoplasm of
      multipotential duct cells which have differentiated mainly into granulated serous
      cells. Freeze-fracture images of this tumor revealed that tight junctions were
      composed of ten or more interlinked strands with elongation of basal frontier
      strands. These findings suggested that the junctional morphology of the tumor
      resembled that of developing salivary glands and was associated with the degree
      of cellular differentiation.

PMID- 6584837
TI  - Plunging ranula.
AB  - A review of nine cases of plunging ranula reveals a prominent vascular stroma
      that can, in recurrent lesions, lead to the misdiagnosis of "hemangioma". In
      addition, this study adds to the world's literature further evidence in support
      of initial excision of the sublingual gland as a cause of the plunging ranula.

PMID- 6584838
TI  - Hodgkin's disease of the jaws. Review of the literature and report of a case.
AB  - Hodgkin's disease of the jaws is extremely rare. A review of the literature has
      revealed only seven previously reported cases, five in the mandible and two in
      the maxilla. A new case of Hodgkin's disease of the mandible is reported. The
      patient had features of chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible. After resection, a
      Hodgkin's type of infiltrate was found in the mandibular condyle. The histologic
      subtype was lymphocyte-depleted, and the clinical staging was IV-B. The patient
      died 7 months after the mandibular lesion was discovered. From previous reported
      cases and this additional case, it appears that the prognosis for patients with
      Hodgkin's disease of the mandible is very poor.

PMID- 6584839
TI  - Recurrent "traumatic" bone cysts of the mandible.
AB  - An unusual case of several recurrences of multiple and bilateral "idiopathic,
      traumatic, hemorrhagic" bone cysts in the same patient, with long-term follow-up,
      is presented. The etiology and pathogenesis of idiopathic bone cysts are
      discussed. It is recommended that patients be followed for a longer period of
      time after treatment.

PMID- 6584841
TI  - Apical surgery with the dental microscope.

PMID- 6584840
TI  - Intentional replantation to prevent predictable endodontic failures.
AB  - A clinical approach to intentional replantation with indications and
      contradictions is presented. A histopathologic analysis of a tooth that was
      replanted and then removed 22 years later is illustrated.

PMID- 6584842
TI  - Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Review of the literature and report of a case
      associated with an apical periodontal cyst.
AB  - Mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising centrally within the jaws is a rare lesion which
      exhibits considerable histologic variability and an unpredictable clinical
      course. Its specific pathogenesis is unknown, although speculation has centered
      on the pluripotential capabilities of the epithelial lining of odontogenic cysts.
      The case presented here illustrates the relationship of such a lesion arising
      from the cyst wall of an apical periodontal cyst.

PMID- 6584844
TI  - A critical evaluation of xerocephalometry: absorbed dose and diagnostic
      information.
AB  - The present study showed that the thyroid (60X) and active bone marrow (100X)
      doses are increased when xeroradiography is used in cephalometrics, as compared
      to a rare earth screen/film system. These results are compared to previously
      published articles. The rationale for advocating a kVp setting of approximately
      100 and a negative development mode is presented. It is recommended that
      xeroradiographic cephalometric examinations be reserved for special cases in
      which image quality is a top-priority requirement.

PMID- 6584843
TI  - Acute allergic reaction to eugenol.
AB  - Eugenol has been widely used in the dental profession. It is an effective
      material that is incorporated into many dental products. Contact dermatitis due
      to this chemical is not unusual. However, true serious allergic reactions are
      extremely rare. This paper reports on such a case. Careful assessment of patients
      and of their dental and medical history is necessary to avoid disaster in the
      office.

PMID- 6584845
TI  - Rare earth screens for panoramic radiography.
AB  - Six panoramic radiographs, each made with a different screen/film combination,
      were compared for "periapical visibility" by fourteen dentists. Two combinations
      (a par-speed and a high-speed) used calcium tungstate screens, and three used
      rare earth screen systems four times faster than par-speed. One other combination
      consisted of a single rare earth screen plus a single-coated detail film. The
      radiographs produced by the faster rare earth screen/film combinations were found
      to be similar in quality to those produced by calcium tungstate screens. Rare
      earth screens could be used for panoramic radiography while maintaining quality
      and reducing exposure.

PMID- 6584846
TI  - A clinical trial of a rare earth screen/film system in a periapical cassette.
AB  - In a clinical trial, a slow rare earth screen/film system (Siemens Titan 2D/Kodak
      XG) was used to obtain intraoral radiographs at conventional monitoring stages in
      endodontic treatment. The screen film image proved to be an effective substitute
      for the direct-exposure Ultraspeed periapical film. The intraoral cassettes,
      designed and fabricated for the study, were an adaptation of the flexible, vacuum
      sealed cassettes used in mammography. It is believed that when a practicable
      periapical cassette is manufactured, many additional indications for the system
      are probable. Major reductions in patient exposure of at least 85% to 90% per
      periapical film would be effected.

PMID- 6584847
TI  - Microdont.

PMID- 6584848
TI  - Multiple supernumerary teeth.

PMID- 6584849
TI  - Metallic foreign body.

PMID- 6584850
TI  - Dentinal cavity.

PMID- 6584851
TI  - Association between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and HLA antigens in Greeks.

PMID- 6584853
TI  - [Lesions of the auditory organ and facial nerve in children with granulocytic
      sarcoma].

PMID- 6584852
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of lysosomes and nucleoli of lymphocytes in
      children with lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6584854
TI  - Prognosis for black infants with leukemia.

PMID- 6584855
TI  - Leukocyte, leukaemia and drugs.
AB  - A review is given about the normal kinetics of granulopoiesis and the possible
      effects of drugs on the normal haematopoiesis. Subsequently some properties of
      acute leukaemia are described, and finally some remarks are made about management
      policies of acute leukaemia and the effects of cytostatic drugs on normal and
      leukaemic haematopoiesis.

PMID- 6584856
TI  - [Diagnostic value of angiography in primary bone tumor. Evaluation of its ability
      to distinguish between malignant and benign cases].

PMID- 6584857
TI  - [Radiotherapy in combination with misonidazole and ACNU in lung neoplasms].

PMID- 6584858
TI  - Chemotherapy for acute leukemia during pregnancy. Five case reports.
AB  - We summarize the cases of four women with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and of one
      with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) presenting in the first, second and third
      trimester of pregnancy. Remission of AML was induced by doxorubicin, vincristine,
      and cytosine arabinoside. The ALL case was treated with vincristine and
      prednisone initially, and subsequently with vindesine for maintenance. Four
      patients entered a complete (3 AML and the ALL case), and one (AML) a partial
      remission. This patient was delivered of a normal, 3140 g, male infant by
      Caesarian section in the 38th gestational week and 1 month later she died of her
      disease. One patient (AML, promyelocytic type) who presented in the 10th week of
      pregnancy underwent elective abortion while in remission after induction
      treatment. The patient with ALL gave birth to a normal, full-term, male infant by
      Caesarian section. The two other patients (AML) had spontaneous deliveries of
      normal male infants in the 37th and 38th weeks of pregnancy. Growth and
      development of three of the children are normal at 12, 36, and 37 months of life
      while the fourth child was lost to follow-up evaluation. The disease relapsed in
      all mothers but they are still alive at 15 (ALL), 37, and 42 months after
      diagnosis. We feel that current chemotherapy could improve the high post-partum
      maternal mortality rate and the chance of producing live babies without excessive
      risk to the fetus or the mother, even if administered relatively early in the
      course of pregnancy.

PMID- 6584860
TI  - [Psychological assessment of children with lymphoblastic leukemia after intensive
      polychemotherapy combined with irradiation of the brain].

PMID- 6584859
TI  - [Sister chromatid exchange in children with acute leukemia].

PMID- 6584861
TI  - Osteosarcoma of breast recurring with mediastinal obstruction.
AB  - A case of osteogenic sarcoma of the breast in an 82-year-old woman is described.
      It was treated by simple mastectomy but recurred and caused mediastinal
      obstruction. Radiotherapy gave only mild symptomatic benefit. Previous
      publications in osteosarcoma of the breast are reviewed.

PMID- 6584862
TI  - Inhibitory effect of ovine and human placental lactogens on progesterone
      catabolism in luteinized rat ovaries in vitro.
AB  - Pseudopregnant rat ovaries, obtained by PMSG and hCG treatment, were incubated or
      perfused. Progesterone and 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone (20 alpha-DHP) secretion
      and synthesis as well as 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20 alpha-SDH)
      activities were determined by radioimmunoassays. Ovine and human chorionic
      somatomammotrophin (oCS; hCS) and ovine prolactin (10(-8) M) significantly (P
      less than 0.001) depressed 20 alpha-DHP ovarian contents (49, 64 and 69 per cent,
      respectively) and 20 alpha-DHP release (49, 55 and 55 per cent, respectively) in
      comparison with those of controls without hormones. The activity of 20 alpha-SDH
      was also inhibited by these three hormones (59, 68 and 56 per cent,
      respectively). The kinetics of 20 alpha-DHP release, studied by perfusion or
      incubation, showed a maximum inhibition from the first hour onwards with all
      lactogenic hormones. The fall in 20 alpha-DHP content of luteinized ovarian
      tissue coincided with a sharp rise in the progesterone/20 alpha-DHP ratio, from
      0.5 in the controls to 1.5 after lactogenic hormone treatment. This study in
      vitro showed that two placental lactogens of sheep or human origin exhibit an
      inhibitory effect on 20 alpha-SDH activity analogous to that of prolactin. It is
      suggested that these placental hormones may be involved in the regulation of
      luteal and placental progesterone metabolism during pregnancy.

PMID- 6584863
TI  - Antibodies to histones in systemic lupus erythematosus: localization of prominent
      autoantigens on histones H1 and H2B.
AB  - By the technique of immunoblotting we have assessed the ability of sera from 24
      patients with systemic lupus erythematosus to bind nuclear proteins. Of the 11
      patients who had antibodies to histones, 10 had antibodies to histone H1 and 9 of
      these also had antibodies to histone H2B. Antibodies to the other histones (H2A,
      H3, and H4) were less apparent. Five of the 11 patients (and two others in the
      remainder of the sample of 24) also had antibodies to a small number of
      nonhistone proteins that are probably components of ribonucleoprotein particles,
      but there was no obvious correlation between the presence of antihistone
      antibodies and the known antiribonucleoprotein activity of these sera. Separate
      determinants on H1 and H2B were demonstrated by immunoblotting with affinity
      purified anti-H1 and anti-H2B antibodies derived from serum that showed both
      specificities. The localization of the determinants within the histone
      polypeptide chains was shown by immunoblotting with large fragments produced by
      specific proteolytic or chemical cleavage of the histones. The strongest
      determinant on H1 was located within the COOH-terminal half, with a weaker
      determinant being present within the NH2-terminal half; the H2B determinant(s)
      was located entirely within the NH2-terminal half of the molecule. The
      selectivity with which the antihistone antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus
      are produced against the more exposed histones in the nucleosome (and perhaps
      against the most exposed regions of these histones) is consistent with the
      involvement of intact chromatin structures as immunogens in this disease.

PMID- 6584864
TI  - Both hypoxanthine and adenosine stimulate DNA synthesis independently in serum
      starved L cells treated with platelet protein.
AB  - The effect of human platelet factors and purine derivatives on DNA synthesis has
      been investigated in mouse fibroblast-like L cells whose growth was arrested by
      serum starvation. When such cells were exposed to diluted platelet extract (e.g.,
      35 micrograms of protein per ml), a stimulatory effect on net DNA synthesis was
      observed. This effect was almost abolished by dialysis of the extract. The
      stimulation was, however, recovered by supplementing the diluted and dialyzed
      extract with hypoxanthine or adenosine. Similar phenomena were observed in pulse
      labeling experiments performed with [3H]thymidine. In this case, however, there
      was a marginal stimulatory effect of adenosine or hypoxanthine alone. When the
      cells were treated with saturating concentrations of pure platelet-derived growth
      factor (PDGF), a stimulatory effect on pulse labeling was again obtained by the
      simultaneous presence of hypoxanthine or adenosine. In serum-starved cells of a
      mutant line of L cells deficient in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase, there
      was, however, no stimulatory effect on pulse labeling by hypoxanthine when it was
      added alone or together with either PDGF or diluted dialyzed platelet extract. It
      is suggested that the stimulation of DNA synthesis by the purine derivatives in
      the presence of a certain type of platelet proteins, probably involving PDGF, may
      be explained by their function as precursors for a purine ribonucleotide pool
      that is specifically related to DNA synthesis. Treatment of serum-starved L cells
      with high concentrations of dialyzed platelet extract (e.g., 240 micrograms of
      protein per ml) showed that platelets contain an additional type of factor that
      may substitute for the requirement of adenosine or hypoxanthine for DNA synthesis
      to take place. It is suggested that the effect of this type of factor may be to
      activate the catabolic activity of the purine salvage pathway.

PMID- 6584865
TI  - Role of basic residues in the phosphorylation of synthetic peptides by myosin
      light chain kinase.
AB  - The substrate specificity of the chicken gizzard myosin light chain kinase has
      been studied by using a series of synthetic peptide analogs of the NH2-terminal
      sequence of the chicken gizzard myosin light chain (Mr = 20,000). An 18-residue
      synthetic peptide, (sequence in text) corresponding to the sequence reported by
      Maita et al. [Maita, T., Chen, J. I. & Matsuda, G. (1981) Eur. J. Biochem. 117,
      417-424], was phosphorylated with a 22-fold higher Km and a Vmax that was
      decreased to 1% of the native protein substrate. This peptide was also an
      inferior substrate when compared with an 18-residue synthetic peptide with an
      alternative sequence, (sequence: see text) which was phosphorylated with an
      apparent Km of 6.9 microM, comparable to the native protein substrate of 8.6
      microM, and a Vmax of 3.9 mumol X min-1 X mg-1, 11% of that for the protein
      substrate. The kinetic of phosphorylation of shortened peptides corresponding to
      both sequences, together with peptides with appropriate substitutions, indicated
      that basic residues were the primary determinants of specificity for the smooth
      muscle myosin light chain kinase. In the latter peptide sequence, lysine residues
      11 and 12 and the arginine at position 13 had a major influence on the kinetics
      of peptide phosphorylation.

PMID- 6584866
TI  - Identification of cDNA clones encoding secretory isoenzyme forms: sequence
      determination of canine pancreatic prechymotrypsinogen 2 mRNA.
AB  - A cDNA library has been constructed from canine poly(A)+ mRNA. Clones containing
      cDNA inserts coding for prechymotrypsinogen 2 (isoelectric point = 7.1; Mr =
      27,500), one of three canine pancreatic isoenzyme forms, were selected by colony
      hybridization using a cDNA probe synthesized from immunoselected
      prechymotrypsinogen 2 mRNA. To verify that cDNA clones code for
      prechymotrypsinogen 2 forms that translocate across rough endoplasmic reticulum
      membranes and fold into stable and identifiable secretory proteins, we conducted
      in vitro translation of hybrid-selected mRNA in the presence of microsomal
      membranes and optimal concentrations of glutathione and analyzed nascent
      translation products in their nonreduced state by two-dimensional isoelectric
      focusing/NaDodSO4 gel electrophoresis and fluorography. A near full-length
      chymotrypsinogen 2 cDNA and its primed extension were used to determine the
      nucleotide sequence for the entire coding region of prechymotrypsinogen 2 mRNA
      and 87 residues, including a poly(A) addition signal, in the 3' nontranslated
      region. The deduced amino acid sequence shows a 263-residue presecretory protein
      containing an 18-residue amino-terminal transport peptide (Met-Ala-Phe-Leu-Trp
      Leu-Leu-Ser-Cys-Phe-Ala-Leu-Leu-Gly-Thr-Ala-Phe-Gly ), which we have previously
      shown to mediate the translocation of chymotrypsinogen 2 across the rough
      endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Following the transport peptide is a 245-residue
      proenzyme, which shows 82% and 80% sequence identity with bovine
      chymotrypsinogens A and B, respectively. Conserved among the three zymogens are
      10 Cys residues that form five disulfide bonds in bovine chymotrypsinogens A and
      B and the residues that are required for zymogen activation, substrate binding,
      and catalytic activity.

PMID- 6584867
TI  - 31P NMR spectroscopy of rat organs, in situ, using chronically implanted
      radiofrequency coils.
AB  - A technique for making 31P NMR spectroscopic measurements in rat kidney, heart,
      and liver in vivo is presented. Two-turn solenoid coils were surgically implanted
      around the organ sufficiently in advance of NMR experiments to allow recovery of
      the animal. These chronically implanted coils allowed acquisition of high
      resolution spectra at 40.5 and 97.3 MHz. No resolution improvement occurred at
      the higher field. Spectra were stable for up to 24 hr, during which time a
      variety of experiments could be performed. By accumulating spectra at 10-min
      intervals, the effects of intraperitoneal fructose injections were monitored; in
      kidney and liver, a rapid increase in sugar phosphates at the expense of Pi and
      ATP resulted. Fructose had no effect on heart metabolite levels. Spectra from the
      heart in vivo were obtained at systole and diastole by gating the spectrometer to
      the aortic pressure wave; no differences in phosphate metabolites were detected.
      Finally, saturation transfer techniques were used to monitor the rate of ATP
      synthesis in the kidney. The unidirectional rate constant for the conversion of
      Pi to ATP was 0.12 +/- 0.03 sec-1.

PMID- 6584868
TI  - Stopped-flow cryoenzymology: detection of catalytic intermediates not observable
      at ambient temperatures.
AB  - Stopped-flow cryoenzymology has been used to study the reaction of porcine kidney
      cytosol leucine aminopeptidase [alpha-aminoacyl-peptide hydrolase(cytosol), EC
      3.4.11.1] with L-leucylglycyldansyl hydrazide in 50% (vol/vol) methanol buffer
      over the -40 to 23 degrees C temperature range. Resonance energy transfer between
      tryptophan residues of the enzyme E and the dansyl group of the substrate S has
      been used to detect the formation and interconversion of reaction intermediates
      (E X S)i. Above 0 degrees C, a single intermediate E X S is formed and decays by
      first-order kinetics to products. However, at temperatures below -20 degrees C, a
      new intermediate (E X S)' is observed immediately after mixing, which relaxes to
      E X S within 100 msec. Because the detection of this new intermediate would not
      have been possible at ambient temperatures, this illustrates the value of stopped
      flow cryoenzymology for studies of catalytic pathways.

PMID- 6584870
TI  - Use of Monte Carlo calculations in the study of microtubule subunit kinetics.
AB  - GTP-tubulin forms a cap on microtubule ends during aggregation. The bulk of the
      microtubule is GDP-tubulin. This complicates the usual simple kinetic theory of
      subunit exchange at microtubule ends to such an extent that Monte Carlo
      calculations are needed to handle the complications, except in special cases. The
      Monte Carlo method is introduced here, for this problem, and illustrated with
      steady-state and transient examples. Monte Carlo transients are needed to
      simulate dilution experiments. Preliminary results (with M. F. Carlier) have been
      obtained applying these theoretical procedures to experimental data.

PMID- 6584869
TI  - Evidence for cross-bridge order in contraction of glycerinated skeletal muscle.
AB  - The linear dichroism of iodoacetylrhodamine labels attached to the single
      reactive thiol groups of myosin heads was measured to determine the spatial
      orientation of myosin cross-bridges in single glycerinated skeletal muscle
      fibers. We have shown previously that in rigor the chromophoric labels are well
      ordered and assume an orientation nearly perpendicular to the fiber axis; in the
      presence of MgADP, a large fraction of probe remains well ordered but the probe
      attitude assumes a more slanted orientation; in relaxed muscle, the probe order
      is largely lost, implying a high degree of cross-bridge disorder. In this paper,
      we report that during isometric contraction a large fraction of the probe shows a
      high degree of order, suggesting the attachment of approximately equal to 65% of
      the cross-bridges to actin. These ordered cross-bridges have a probe attitude
      similar to that of the MgADP-induced static state and hence are in a mechanical
      state quite distinct from rigor.

PMID- 6584871
TI  - Loss of unstably amplified dihydrofolate reductase genes from mouse cells is
      greatly accelerated by hydroxyurea.
AB  - Previous work has shown that mammalian cells that carry unstably amplified genes
      for dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gradually lose the amplified DHFR genes when
      grown in the absence of the DHFR inhibitor methotrexate (MTX). Unstably amplified
      genes occur on small acentric chromosomes called double minutes (DMs) or even
      smaller chromatin fragments, in contrast to stably amplified genes, which reside
      in centromere-containing chromosomes. We have found that the rate of loss of the
      unstably amplified DHFR genes can be greatly oncreased by growing the cells in
      the presence of a nonlethal concentration of hydroxyurea. For example, in one MTX
      resistant subline studied, approximately equal to 90% of the original DHFR gene
      dosage is lost in 25-30 cell doublings in the absence of MTX. The same degree of
      loss is achieved, however, in less than 4 doublings if cells are grown in the
      presence of 50 microM hydroxyurea. This new effect of hydroxyurea does not appear
      to be due to changes in plating efficiency or selective cytotoxicity. In
      particular, no increase in cell death occurs at 50 microM hydroxyurea, and cells
      continue to multiply, albeit 1/2 to 2/3 as fast as in the absence of hydroxyurea.
      The ability to selectively accelerate the loss of amplified genes from mammalian
      cells as shown in the present work may have important implications both for the
      problem of drug resistance in cancer chemotherapy and for curing mammalian cells
      of extrachromosomally maintained DNA genomes of pathogenic viruses.

PMID- 6584872
TI  - Direct hybridization of sorted human chromosomes: localization of the Y
      chromosome on the flow karyotype.
AB  - A method is described for directly hybridizing a small number of sorted
      chromosomes with specific DNA probes. The chromosomes are analyzed by flow
      cytometry and sorted by deflecting the droplets containing the desired
      chromosomes onto a nitrocellulose filter. By using probes specific for the human
      Y chromosome, it has been possible to unambiguously identify the peak
      corresponding to the Y chromosome in the flow karyotypes of a variety of male
      cell lines. The position of this peak was found to vary significantly from
      individual to individual, correlating with the heterochromatin chromosomal
      polymorphism of the human Y chromosome. The sensitivity of the hybridization was
      such that, with a probe for a male-specific repetitive sequence, only 2,500
      sorted chromosomes were enough to obtain a clear, positive signal; 10,000 were
      needed with a probe specific for a weakly repeated (maximum, 3-fold) sequence of
      Y chromosome. With this new method, chromosome sorting may be a rapid and
      efficient way to assign DNA sequences to chromosomes.

PMID- 6584873
TI  - Genetic control of levels of murine kidney glucuronidase mRNA in response to
      androgen.
AB  - A cis-acting genetic element, designated Gus-r, regulates the androgen-induced
      rates of murine glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31) synthesis in kidney tubule cells and
      is tightly linked to the glucuronidase structural gene, Gus-s. To investigate the
      molecular mechanism underlying this regulation, we have cloned a glucuronidase
      specific cDNA sequence in plasmid pBR322. This cloned DNA has been utilized as a
      probe in blot hybridization analyses to determine whether the control of androgen
      responsiveness of kidney glucuronidase synthesis by Gus-r is exerted over the
      level or the translatability of glucuronidase mRNA. Three important observations
      emerged from these studies: (i) glucuronidase mRNA exists as a single size class
      of approximately 2,800 nucleotides; (ii) androgen stimulation of glucuronidase
      synthesis is directly related to the level of glucuronidase mRNA; and (iii)
      strain differences in levels of kidney glucuronidase mRNA accumulated in response
      to androgen are controlled by alleles of Gus-r. Thus, Gus-r regulates the
      androgen responsiveness of glucuronidase synthesis by controlling the amount of
      glucuronidase mRNA available for translation and is a cis-acting genetic element
      that regulates the hormonal responsiveness of a specific mRNA.

PMID- 6584874
TI  - Antibodies against synthetic peptides of the B subunit of cholera toxin:
      crossreaction and neutralization of the toxin.
AB  - Six peptides corresponding to various segments of the B subunit of cholera toxin
      have been synthesized and covalently linked to tetanus toxoid. Of the antibodies
      raised in rabbits against these conjugates, four crossreacted to different
      extents with the intact B subunit and whole native cholera toxin. Antisera to the
      peptide of sequence 75-85 were not crossreactive, whereas elongation by six amino
      acid residues resulted in a peptide (69-85) leading to antibodies crossreactive
      with the cholera toxin. Of most interest was peptide CTP3 (50-64), which was the
      only one that reacted with antisera to cholera toxin and which led to antibodies
      reacting with the cholera toxin to a similar level as its homologous peptide
      antipeptide reaction. Indeed, antisera to CTP3 neutralized significantly the
      biological activity of cholera toxin, as followed by skin vascular permeability
      and by fluid accumulation in ligated small intestinal loops of rabbits.

PMID- 6584875
TI  - Evidence for extensive polymorphism of class I genes in the rat major
      histocompatibility complex (RT1).
AB  - The major histocompatibility complex of the rat (RT1) has been poorly
      characterized with respect to the number, linkage, and polymorphism of class I
      genes. To estimate the number of class I RT1 genes and the relative extent of
      their polymorphism, we performed Southern blot analysis with liver DNA from rat
      strains expressing eight RT1 haplotypes. After digestion with EcoRI and BamHI,
      the DNA was separated on agarose gels, blotted onto nitrocellulose, and
      hybridized with mouse H-2 cDNA probes, pH-2III and pH-2IIa. Ten to 20 EcoRI and
      13 to 20 BamHI bands hybridized with pH-2III and pH-2IIa; restriction fragment
      length patterns were observed to be highly polymorphic. The restriction fragments
      associated with different RT1 haplotypes differed by 17-70%; this range is
      similar to the differences observed between mouse H-2 haplotypes. The same
      restriction fragment pattern was observed in DNA from three different rat strains
      sharing the same RT1 allele, confirming that the patterns were RT1-associated.
      Further, the RT1l and RT1lvl haplotypes, which differ at a single previously
      identified RT1-linked locus, were associated with EcoRI restriction pattern
      differences of 39-50%, confirming the supposition that RT1 class I genes
      identified by previous serological and T-cell-mediated assays have identified
      only a minority of the actual number of RT1-linked class I genes. In summary, the
      results reported in this communication demonstrate that the RT1 complex
      encompasses a large family of highly polymorphic class I genes similar to the H-2
      and HL-A complexes of mouse and man.

PMID- 6584876
TI  - Effects of hypolipidemic therapy on cholesterol homeostasis in freshly isolated
      mononuclear cells from patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
AB  - Freshly isolated mononuclear leukocytes have been reported to show changes in
      cholesterol synthesis and high-affinity degradation of low-density lipoproteins
      (LDL) that parallel those that occur in the liver. To examine whether
      hypolipidemic therapy in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
      influences cholesterol homeostasis in their mononuclear cells we assessed the
      effects of colestipol and nicotinic acid (alone and in combination) on the rates
      of high-affinity 125I-labeled LDL degradation and on the rates of cholesterol and
      phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis by freshly isolated cells. Rates of 125I-labeled
      LDL degradation were lower in mononuclear cells from patients with heterozygous
      familial hypercholesterolemia on no medication (3.1 ng per 4 X 10(6) cells per 5
      hr) than in cells from normal control subjects (6.1 ng per 4 X 10(6) cells per 5
      hr) and, in the former patients, the values were not significantly affected by
      therapy with nicotinic acid. In contrast, freshly isolated mononuclear cells from
      patients receiving colestipol degraded 125I-labeled LDL at near-normal rates (5.0
      ng per 4 X 10(6) cells per 5 hr). The rates of cholesterol synthesis were also
      higher in mononuclear cells isolated from patients treated with colestipol than
      in cells from untreated patients or from those receiving nicotinic acid; in
      contrast the rate of synthesis of phosphatidylcholine did not show any consistent
      changes. Similar results were obtained in a smaller number of patients studied
      longitudinally, in which colestipol therapy significantly increased rates of
      cholesterol synthesis and high-affinity degradation of 125I-labeled LDL by
      freshly isolated mononuclear cells. We conclude that previously observed changes
      in cholesterol homeostasis in the liver of patients treated with bile acid
      sequestrants are paralleled by similar changes in freshly isolated mononuclear
      cells and that these cells offer an accessible model for further studies on how
      diet and pharmacologic agents influence cellular cholesterol homeostasis in
      humans.

PMID- 6584877
TI  - Passive transfer of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with IgG from man to mouse
      depletes the presynaptic membrane active zones.
AB  - In the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS), there is a decreased release of
      acetylcholine quanta from the nerve terminal by nerve impulse. Recently, an
      autoimmune origin of LEMS was documented by passive transfer of its
      electrophysiologic features from man to mouse with IgG. Freeze-fracture electron
      microscopy of LEMS neuromuscular junctions has revealed a paucity of presynaptic
      membrane active zones. Thus, the active zones might be the targets of the
      pathogenic autoantibodies in LEMS. To test this assumption, freeze-fracture
      electron microscopic studies were done in mice injected with 10 mg of IgG daily
      from each of three LEMS patients and in control mice treated with normal human
      IgG or no IgG. IgG from patients 1 and 2 impaired neuromuscular transmission in
      mice, but IgG from patient 3 failed to do so. After 52-69 days of treatment,
      diaphragm or anterior tibial muscles were removed and coded. Paired muscles from
      control mice and mice receiving LEMS IgG were studied "blindly." Satisfactory
      freeze-fracture replicas of 185 presynaptic membrane P-faces were analyzed by
      stereometric methods. In mice treated with LEMS IgG that was pathogenic by
      electrophysiologic criteria, there was a selective depletion of active zones and
      active-zone particles but not of other membrane particles and there was a
      concomitant increase of large membrane particles aggregated into clusters. These
      findings provide additional evidence that the active zones facilitate quantal
      transmitter release by nerve impulse, lend further support to the assumption that
      the active-zone particles are Ca2+ channels, and establish mediation of the
      membrane lesions in LEMS by IgG.

PMID- 6584878
TI  - Nutrition-endocrine interactions: induction of reciprocal changes in the delta 4
      5 alpha-reduction of testosterone and the cytochrome P-450-dependent oxidation of
      estradiol by dietary macronutrients in man.
AB  - The in vivo biotransformations of drugs known to be metabolized by enzymes
      localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of liver can be greatly altered by diet in
      humans, as we have shown previously. Steroid hormones also are metabolized
      extensively by hepatic microsomal enzymes; therefore, we examined the possibility
      that testosterone and estradiol biotransformations, as assessed with radiolabeled
      tracer methods, could be influenced by dietary macronutrients. Normal males were
      fed a high-protein diet for 2 weeks, followed by a high-carbohydrate diet for an
      additional 2 weeks. The delta 4-5 alpha-reduction of testosterone was
      considerably diminished, while the cytochrome P-450-dependent hydroxylation of
      estradiol at the C2 position was substantially enhanced during ingestion of the
      high-protein diet as compared with the high-carbohydrate diet. These results
      indicate that dietary macronutrients can significantly alter major metabolic
      pathways for testosterone and estradiol in man. The mechanism by which reciprocal
      changes in the delta 4-5 alpha-reduction of testosterone and the cytochrome P-450
      mediated oxidation of estradiol are produced by diets is not known. Similar
      changes in steroid delta 4-5 alpha-reduction and cytochrome P-450-dependent
      chemical oxidations have been observed in circumstances in which the mixed
      function oxidase system in liver is induced by agents such as phenobarbital,
      hexachlorobenzene, dioxin, and polyhalogenated biphenyls. Thus, the alterations
      in steroid hormone metabolism produced by dietary macronutrients in man mimic
      those that can be produced by drugs and environmental chemicals.

PMID- 6584879
TI  - Plasma clearance of sulfobromophthalein and its interaction with hepatic binding
      proteins in normal and analbuminemic rats: is plasma albumin essential for
      vectorial transport of organic anions in the liver?
AB  - To investigate a possible function of plasma albumin in the vectorial transport
      of organic anions by the liver, the plasma disappearance of sulfobromophthalein
      (BSP) and its interaction with plasma and liver cytosolic proteins were studied
      in normal rats and mutant Nagase analbuminemic rats (NAR). After intravenous
      administration of BSP, plasma BSP decreased rapidly in both NAR and control
      animals: plasma clearance values of BSP in NAR and controls were 12.45 and 7.40
      ml/min per kg, respectively. Gel exclusion Sephadex G-100 chromatography of BSP
      with control rat serum revealed a protein peak in the void volume and another in
      the albumin fraction. BSP chromatographed exclusively with the albumin fraction;
      binding of BSP to plasma albumin occurred stoichiometrically. Similar studies
      with NAR serum revealed a single protein peak, in the void volume; a small amount
      of BSP chromatographed with this protein peak. The amount of BSP that
      chromatographed with NAR serum protein(s) was 8% of that with control rat serum
      albumin. Sephadex G-100 chromatography of BSP with control rat liver cytosol
      revealed four peaks of protein-bound BSP in fractions corresponding to the void
      volume (fraction X), albumin, glutathione S-transferases (fraction Y, Mr 45,000),
      and fraction Z (Mr 12,000); fraction Y was the major component of BSP binding.
      Gel chromatography of NAR liver cytosol with BSP revealed three BSP peaks,
      fractions X, Y, and Z; fraction X was the major component of BSP binding. Total
      BSP binding by 30 mg of hepatic cytosolic proteins was 4.5 nmol for controls and
      10.4 nmol for NAR. Isoelectric focusing of liver cytosol revealed no quantitative
      or qualitative differences in glutathione S-transferase isozymes between control
      and mutant animals. Intravenously administered BSP (5 mumol/kg) rapidly appeared
      in bile as the free form and the glutathione conjugate in normal rats and NAR;
      41% and 57% of injected BSP was excreted within 60 min in NAR and control rat
      bile, respectively. These results indicate that binding of BSP to plasma albumin
      is not indispensable to transhepatocyte transport of BSP in vivo.

PMID- 6584880
TI  - Estradiol binds to a receptor-like cytosol binding protein and initiates a
      biological response in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.
AB  - Paracoccidioidomycosis, a disease caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, which
      is endemic to Latin America, is much more common in men than women, suggesting a
      role for hormonal factors. We recently showed that two other yeasts possess
      steroid binding proteins and postulated that these receptor-like molecules
      represented a mechanism by which the hormonal milieu of the host might influence
      an infecting pathogen. Therefore, we examined P. brasiliensis for a sex steroid
      binding protein. Because tritiated steroids rapidly dissociated from the other
      fungal binding proteins, we developed a fast binding method with Sephadex G-50
      microcolumns speeded by centrifugation. This method detected specific binding of
      [3H]estradiol in P. brasiliensis cytosol. Other tritiated steroid hormones,
      including testosterone and corticosterone, failed to exhibit specific binding.
      Scatchard analysis of [3H]estradiol binding showed an apparent dissociation
      constant (Kd) of 1.7 X 10(-8) M and a maximal binding capacity (Nmax) of 235
      fmol/mg of protein. Susceptibility to trypsin indicated the binding site was
      protein in nature. The protein had a Stokes radius of approximately equal to 32 A
      by HPLC exclusion column and a sedimentation coefficient of 4.4 S by sucrose
      gradient, consistent with an apparent Mr of approximately equal to 60,000.
      Competition experiments revealed that estrone, estriol, and progesterone had 25%
      of the affinity of estradiol, whereas diethylstilbestrol, androgens, and
      corticosteroids had low affinity. Investigation of steroid hormone actions in P.
      brasiliensis indicated that estradiol inhibited the fungal transformation from
      mycelial form to yeast form, the initial step of infection. This suppressive
      effect was dose-dependent and not found with testosterone. We hypothesize that
      endogenous estrogens in the host, acting through the cytosol binding protein in
      the fungus, inhibit mycelial-to-yeast transformation, thus explaining the
      resistance of women to paracoccidioidomycosis.

PMID- 6584881
TI  - Regulation of proline and glucose transport in mouse intestine by dietary
      substrate levels.
AB  - Active uptake of D-glucose and L-proline at 50 mM was measured in everted
      intestinal sleeves of mice whose dietary carbohydrate and protein levels were
      being varied experimentally. Compared to a nearly carbohydrate-free meat diet, a
      50% carbohydrate laboratory chow diet stimulated active glucose uptake in the
      proximal intestine without affecting proline uptake, passive glucose
      permeability, or several measures of mucosal mass. Switching from a low-protein
      high-carbohydrate to a high-protein no-carbohydrate diet reversibly stimulated
      proline uptake while inhibiting glucose uptake. For each solute and diet switch,
      the stimulation of transport was complete within 1 day, while the inhibition
      required several days. The results imply induction and repression of intestinal
      glucose and proline transport by dietary substrate levels. This mechanism, in
      conjunction with the normal gradient of nutrient concentrations along the
      intestine, is probably largely responsible for the gradient in nutrient transport
      along the intestine.

PMID- 6584882
TI  - Regioselective arylation of ribose in adenosine and guanosine with the antitumor
      drug N2-methyl-9-hydroxyellipticinium acetate.
AB  - The transformation of the antitumor drug N2-methyl-9-hydroxy-ellipticinium by a
      peroxidase-hydrogen peroxide system, which has been shown to occur in vivo, leads
      to an electrophilic quinone-imine derivative. This unstable molecule arylates in
      vitro purine nucleosides and nucleotides, leading to regioselective adducts
      substituted only at the 2'-O position of the ribose, as shown by mass
      spectrometry and NMR. It is likely that an important preliminary step in this
      reaction is a stacking process between the ellipticinium ion and the purine
      rings, which might explain this regioselectivity.

PMID- 6584883
TI  - 9-Deoxy-delta 9, delta 12-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin D2, a metabolite of
      prostaglandin D2 formed in human plasma.
AB  - Incubation of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) with human plasma yielded a product that
      has been identified as 9-deoxy-9,10-didehydro-12,13-didehydro-13,14-dihydro-PGD2
      (9-deoxy-delta 9, delta 12-13,14-dihydro-PGD2). The identification was based on
      mass spectrometry, UV spectrometry, mobilities and retention time on TLC and
      HPLC, and NMR. The conversion of PGD2 to this product was dependent on the
      incubation time and the amount of plasma added to a reaction mixture and was
      abolished by prior boiling. The conversion rate of PGD2 to this metabolite was
      0.03 nmol/min per mg of protein of whole plasma at pH 8.0 at 37 degrees C.
      Similar conversion was also found by incubating PGD2 with human serum albumin
      added at the concentration found in plasma. These results suggest that the
      conversion of PGD2 to this product is catalyzed by the enzymatic action of a
      plasma protein, probably serum albumin. The biological activities of this
      compound were examined in several systems. It showed negligible activity in
      inhibition of human platelet aggregation and relaxation of rabbit stomach strip.
      On the other hand, it exhibited a three times stronger inhibitory activity (IC50,
      1.8 microM) than PGD2 (IC50, 5 microM) on the growth of L-1210 cultured cells.

PMID- 6584884
TI  - Estradiol feedback effects on the alpha-subunit mRNA in the sheep pituitary
      gland: correlation with serum and pituitary luteinizing hormone concentrations.
AB  - The effects of estradiol feedback on pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) content,
      serum LH concentration, and in vitro-translated alpha subunit was examined in the
      ewe. Three animal models were used representing positive, negative, and no
      estradiol feedback. Two experiments were carried out: (i) anestrous ewes were
      treated acutely with five Silastic estradiol implants to induce a LH surge
      (positive feedback) and (ii) ovariectomized ewes were treated chronically with an
      estradiol implant (negative feedback) or were not treated (no feedback).
      Pituitary RNA was prepared and translated in a cell-free system; the alpha
      subunit was identified by immunoprecipitation and NaDodSO4/PAGE. cpm/microgram of
      RNA and immunoprecipitated growth hormone and prolactin were used to evaluate
      possible differences in RNA translational efficiencies among the treatment
      groups. In experiment 1, significantly higher amounts of the alpha subunit were
      observed in animals exhibiting an estradiol-induced LH surge than in normal
      anestrous ewes (P less than 0.001). Examination of values from individual animals
      suggested a correlation between the stage of the LH surge, pituitary LH, and
      translated alpha subunit. In experiment 2, the amount of alpha subunit observed
      in animals exposed to chronic estradiol negative feedback was significantly less
      (P less than 0.005) than that in the untreated ovariectomized animals (no
      feedback) and no different from that in intact anestrous ewes. These results
      suggest that both the negative and the positive feedback effects of estradiol
      include regulation of the amount of alpha-subunit mRNA.

PMID- 6584886
TI  - Plasma membrane biogenesis in eukaryotic cells: translocation of newly
      synthesized lipid.
AB  - We examined the transfer of sterols and phospholipids from their site of
      synthesis to the plasma membrane of Acanthamoeba castellanii. Cells were labeled
      with [3H]acetate, and plasma membrane fractions were isolated under conditions
      that minimize the nonspecific exchange of lipids between subcellular membrane
      fractions. Sterols and phospholipids were purified from both whole-cell
      homogenates and isolated plasma membrane. In whole cells, 3H-labeled lipids were
      formed, with no apparent time lag, in a linear manner up to 1 hr. Labeled sterol
      and phospholipids appeared in the plasma membrane, after a 30-min lag, at
      approximately the same rate. However, the ratio of newly synthesized sterol to
      phospholipid was significantly enriched in the plasma membrane relative to the
      whole cell, even at the earlier time points. Pulse-chase experiments indicated
      that sterols and phospholipids are turned over in the plasma membrane with
      similar, rather short half-lives. The results of these studies suggest that,
      although sterols and phospholipids are transported to the cell surface with
      similar kinetics, some sorting of the lipids must occur at an early stage in
      membrane biogenesis. The data are consistent with a model of lipid translocation
      by vesicular transport.

PMID- 6584885
TI  - Increased rates of polypeptide chain elongation in placental explants from human
      diabetics.
AB  - Average rates of polypeptide chain elongation were determined in placental
      explants of first trimester and term placentas from both normal and diabetic
      human pregnancies. Average ribosome half-transit times were determined by
      measuring the kinetics of transfer of labeled polypeptides from polysomal-bound
      to released polypeptides. The average half-transit time decreases from 75 sec per
      ribosome in first trimester explants to 56 sec per ribosome in term placentas.
      The average polypeptide molecular weights synthesized by explants from first
      trimester and in term are 49,300 and 49,600, respectively, which are not
      significantly different. The average elongation rates for first trimester and
      term placental explants are 172 and 231 amino acids per minute per ribosome,
      respectively, which are significantly different. Moreover, the average
      polypeptide molecular weight synthesized by term placentas from diabetic
      pregnancies is 48,200, while the average ribosome half-transit time is 40 sec.
      Thus, ribosomes from explants of term placenta from diabetics move along the
      average message at a much higher speed than do ribosomes in normal term tissue.
      The assembly rate of amino acid into polypeptide in explant of placenta of
      diabetic mothers is 314 amino acids per minute, which is significantly faster
      than 231 amino acids per minute in normal term tissue. These findings indicate
      that during placental development and in diabetic pregnancy there is a large
      change in the actual rates at which amino acids are added to the nascent
      polypeptide chain--i.e., the rates in polypeptide chain elongation. Therefore,
      translation-level regulation of protein synthesis in placenta plays a significant
      part in the magnitude of the response to developmental and other physiological
      stimulations.

PMID- 6584887
TI  - Distribution of prothymosin alpha in rat tissues.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay, using a rabbit antiserum directed against thymosin alpha 1,
      was employed to detect the presence of crossreacting peptides in rat tissues.
      Highest concentrations were present in thymus, but thymosin alpha 1 cross
      reacting material was also detected in brain, liver, kidney, lung, and spleen, in
      amounts ranging from 15% to 65% of the quantities found in thymus. In each case,
      the major immunoreactive peptide, after extraction and purification by a
      procedure that avoids proteolytic modification, was identified as prothymosin
      alpha, a peptide containing approximately equal to 112 amino acid residues.
      Prothymosin alpha is believed to be the endogenous peptide from which thymosin
      alpha 1 and other fragments are formed by proteolytic modification during the
      preparation of thymosin fraction 5. No peptides corresponding in size and
      chromatographic behavior to thymosin alpha 1 were detected with the extraction
      procedure employed.

PMID- 6584888
TI  - The effects of water-soluble solutes on the phase transitions of phospholipids.
AB  - A previous treatment [Sturtevant, J.M. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 3963
      3967], based on ideal solution theory, of the influence of small molecules on the
      main phase transitions of phospholipid bilayers is extended to include the effect
      of water solubility of the added solute. This effect is manifested primarily in a
      sharpening of the phase transition, resulting from a buffering by the aqueous
      phase of the concentration of the solute in the lipid phases.

PMID- 6584889
TI  - Hepatocyte proliferation in vitro: its dependence on the use of serum-free
      hormonally defined medium and substrata of extracellular matrix.
AB  - The culture conditions found to result in stable proliferation of normal rat
      hepatocytes are: (i) subconfluent cell densities; (ii) serum-free medium; (iii)
      hormonally defined medium containing epidermal growth factor, insulin, glucagon,
      prolactin, and other growth factors; and (iv) substrata of liver extracellular
      matrix depleted of growth inhibitors. Serum was found deleterious to parenchymal
      cells: it was inhibitory to the expression of liver-specific functions,
      cytostatic to parenchymal cells at all seeding densities, and cytotoxic to them
      at low seeding densities. These studies emphasize the relevance of synergies in
      the influences of hormones and extracellular matrix in regulating hepatocellular
      physiology.

PMID- 6584890
TI  - Time and voltage windows for reversing the electrical block to fertilization.
AB  - The electrical block to fertilization of sea urchin eggs can be overcome by very
      brief periods of inside-negative egg membrane potential. Lytechinus pictus eggs
      whose membrane potentials have been clamped at +15 mV cannot be fertilized. If
      the membrane potential is repolarized to inside-negative voltages for a brief
      interval, the egg can be successfully fertilized. By varying the duration and
      voltage of these brief periods of inside negativity, we have uncovered three
      general properties of the electrically sensitive step in fertilization. First, a
      membrane-potential step that becomes rate limiting at inside-positive voltages
      can be initiated within a few milliseconds of inside negativity (30-60 msec at 
      60 mV). Second, at the time that the electrically sensitive step is being
      completed, there are other potential-independent steps with probably slower time
      constants because the duration of negativity was more effective applied as paired
      pulses rather than a single long pulse. Third, the permissive state is more
      quickly established by inside negativity than the nonpermissive state is
      established by inside positivity because the interval between paired pulses could
      be a few times longer than the effective single pulse in duration. In these
      voltage-clamped eggs the intervals from the successful completion of the
      electrically sensitive step to the next identifiable signs of activation were on
      the order of several seconds and highly variable.

PMID- 6584891
TI  - Mouse yolk sac and intraembryonic tissues produce factors able to elicit
      differentiation of erythroid burst-forming units and colony-forming units,
      respectively.
AB  - This work was aimed at elucidating the environmental conditions that account for
      the production of embryonic erythrocytes in the mouse yolk sac (YS), while the
      adult-type hemoglobin and erythrocytes are generated in the fetal liver.
      Differentiation of YS hemopoietic stem cells (YS-HSC) of 9.5-day mouse embryos
      (prior to the colonization of the liver rudiment by HSC) was investigated in
      vitro. The influence of well-characterized erythroid growth factors, burst
      promoting activity (BPA) and erythropoietin (EPO), which trigger the
      differentiation of early erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) and late erythroid
      colony-forming units (CFU-E), respectively, was tested on the YS-HSC in two
      different systems of culture: (i) organ culture and (ii) clonal culture in
      methylcellulose. When studied in organ culture, where the YS microenvironment was
      maintained, YS-HSC required only additional EPO to attain complete maturation
      into adult erythrocytes within 7 days. In contrast, YS hemopoietic single cells
      grown in methylcellulose, and thus released from the influence of the YS,
      required the presence of both BPA and EPO to generate BFU-E-derived colonies
      synthesizing high concentrations of hemoglobin. It is concluded that 9.5-day YS
      from mouse embryos is by itself able to promote the first differentiation steps
      of the adult lineage YS-HSC due to an intrinsic production of a BPA-like
      activity. In contrast, these experiments demonstrate that EPO or an EPO-like
      activity is not produced by YS tissues. As demonstrated earlier, if embryonic
      tissue is added to YS organ culture, although separated from it by a filter
      preventing cell contact, YS-HSC differentiate into adult erythrocytes producing
      adult-type hemoglobins. This shows that, in contrast to YS tissues, the early
      embryo produces EPO or a factor that can substitute for EPO.

PMID- 6584892
TI  - Cell adhesion and morphogenesis: the regulator hypothesis.
AB  - A sequence for the genetic and molecular regulation of morphogenesis is proposed
      in terms of the regulator hypothesis which is intended to provide a specific
      molecular framework relating developmental genetics to evolution. The hypothesis
      derives from an analysis of the interactive morphogenetic roles of the primary
      processes of cell adhesion, cell movement, and embryonic induction during
      regulative development. According to the regulator hypothesis, the genes for cell
      adhesion molecules (CAMs) are expressed in schedules that are prior to and
      largely independent of those for cytodifferentiation. The expressed CAMs act as
      regulators of the overall patterns of those morphogenetic movements that are
      essential for inductive sequences or early milieu-dependent differentiations. It
      is proposed that, during evolution, natural selection eliminates those organisms
      in which variants of CAM gene expression or of morphogenetic movements or of both
      result in interruptions in the inductive sequence. Under this assumption, more
      than one (but not all) combinations of these two variables will lead to
      stabilization of the order of inductive sequences and of the body plan in a
      variety of species. Moreover, small variations in the pattern of action of
      regulatory genes for CAMs in those organisms that are not selected against could
      lead to large changes in animal form within relatively short periods of
      evolutionary time. The experimental bases for the regulator hypothesis are
      reviewed here in terms of the molecular properties of CAMs and their known spatio
      temporal sequences of expression during early embryogenesis.

PMID- 6584893
TI  - Human dihydrofolate reductase gene is located in chromosome 5 and is unlinked to
      the related pseudogenes.
AB  - The chromosomal location of the human dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR; EC 1.5.1.3)
      gene that is amplified in a methotrexate-resistant human cell line has been
      investigated by screening a large number of human-mouse cell hybrids containing
      overlapping subsets of human chromosomes. A correlation of genomic blotting data
      with the chromosome constitution of the individual cell hybrids has allowed the
      assignment of the human DHFR gene to chromosome 5. This chromosome assignment has
      been confirmed by the observation of a concomitant loss of the human DHFR gene
      and of sensitivity to diphtheria toxin, a marker associated with chromosome 5, in
      two human-mouse cell hybrids selected for resistance to the toxin. Six EcoRI
      fragments of human DNA containing DHFR pseudogenes or other DHFR-related
      sequences have been assigned to chromosomes other than chromosome 5.

PMID- 6584894
TI  - Segregation of on- and off-center afferents in mink visual cortex.
AB  - In the lateral geniculate nucleus of the mink, on-center and off-center neurons
      occupy separate layers [LeVay, S. & McConnell, S.K. (1982) Nature (London) 300,
      350-351]. To study the mode of termination of geniculate afferents in area 17, we
      recorded from their terminal arborizations in layer IV after the destruction of
      cortical neurons by injection of kainic acid. At the majority of recording sites,
      multifiber responses were entirely or predominantly of one type: on-center or off
      center. Responses obtained during perpendicular penetrations showed the same
      preferred sign of contrast throughout the thickness of layer IV. During
      tangential penetrations through the layer, we encountered sequences of on- and
      off-center activity separated by stretches of mixed responses. We conclude that
      on- and off-center afferents terminate in separate, alternating patches that
      occupy the full thickness of layer IV. These coexist with another set of patches
      in which the same afferents are segregated by eye of origin.

PMID- 6584895
TI  - Diffusion and binding constants for acetylcholine derived from the falling phase
      of miniature endplate currents.
AB  - In previous papers we studied the rising phase of a miniature endplate current
      (MEPC) to derive diffusion and forward rate constants controlling acetylcholine
      (AcCho) in the intact neuromuscular junction. The present study derives similar
      values (but with smaller error ranges) for these constants by including
      experimental results from the falling phase of the MEPC. We find diffusion to be
      4 X 10(-6) cm2 s-1, slightly slower than free diffusion, forward binding to be
      3.3 X 10(7) M-1 s-1, and the distance from an average release site to the nearest
      exit from the cleft to be 1.6 micron. We also estimate the back reaction rates.
      From our values we can accurately describe the shape of MEPCs under different
      conditions of receptor and esterase concentration. Since we suggest that
      unbinding is slower than isomerization, we further predict that there should be
      several short "closing flickers" during the total open time for an AcCho-ligated
      receptor channel.

PMID- 6584896
TI  - Cultural and biological evolutionary processes: gene-culture disequilibrium.
AB  - The dynamics of the interaction between genetic and cultural transmission are
      studied by using a simple two-phenotype diallelic haploid genetic system. The
      value of an individual's phenotype is determined by cultural transmission from
      its parent or by a randomly chosen member of the parental population. In the
      absence of phenotypic selection, polymorphic equilibria of the gene and trait
      frequencies are obtained. The correlation between genotype and phenotype within
      or between populations depends on a quantity formally similar to linkage
      disequilibrium and is determined by a relationship among transmission
      coefficients analogous to a coefficient of epistasis. With natural selection on
      the phenotype and no mutation, only degenerate transmission rules allow
      polymorphic equilibria to be attained, and, in general, the genotype allowing the
      strongest transmission of the favored phenotype is successful.

PMID- 6584897
TI  - Natural fibroin genes purified without using cloning procedures from fibroin
      producing and -nonproducing tissues reveal indistinguishable structure and
      function.
AB  - Natural fibroin genes were purified from total DNA extracted from the fibroin
      producer cells (posterior silk gland) and -nonproducer cells (middle silk gland
      or pupa) by two cycles of CsCl/actinomycin D centrifugation followed by sucrose
      density gradient centrifugation. Purity of the final samples was greater than
      14%. DNA sequences of these natural genes between positions -171 and +104 were
      identical and showed no sign of base modification as assayed by the method of
      Maxam and Gilbert. The determined sequence includes the promoter and a major part
      of the modulator. When assayed in an in vitro transcription system prepared from
      middle silk gland, template activities of the purified natural fibroin genes from
      the producer and the nonproducer were indistinguishable from that of cloned
      fibroin DNA. Digestion and blotting of total genomic DNAs with several
      restriction enzymes that recognize methylation changes on DNA revealed no
      difference of hybridization pattern of fibroin DNAs in a region from -650 to +326
      between the producer and nonproducer. Thus, it is unlikely that the differential
      transcription of the fibroin gene is controlled by a change of base modification
      in the regions of transcription signals.

PMID- 6584898
TI  - Coding nucleotide sequence of 3-methylcholanthrene-inducible cytochrome P-450d
      cDNA from rat liver.
AB  - We determined the coding nucleotide sequence of the mRNA for a 3
      methylcholanthrene-inducible cytochrome P-450, P-450d, of rat liver by sequence
      analysis of cloned cDNAs. The predicted amino acid sequence of the cytochrome is
      composed of 513 amino acids, and its NH2-terminal sequence of 30 amino acids
      completely coincides with that reported from analysis of the purified cytochrome
      P-450d. The amino acid composition of the deduced sequence also agrees well with
      that determined from the purified protein. Computer-aided analysis was carried
      out to compare the complete primary structures of five species of cytochrome P
      450, two molecular species of phenobarbital-inducible rat liver cytochrome P-450
      (P-450b and P-450e), phenobarbital-inducible rabbit liver cytochrome P-450LM2, 3
      methylcholanthrene-inducible rat liver cytochrome P-450d, and camphor
      hydroxylating P-450 of Pseudomonas putida (P-450CAM). It is concluded therefrom
      that the time of divergence between cytochrome P-450b (P-450e) and P-450d is much
      earlier than that of branching between phenobarbital-inducible cytochromes P-450
      of rat and rabbit. One highly conserved cysteine-containing region that is close
      to the COOH terminus is found in all of these cytochrome P-450 sequences,
      indicating that the heme-binding site is the cysteine residue in this region.

PMID- 6584899
TI  - Camphor hydroxylase of Pseudomonas putida: vestiges of sequence homology in
      cytochrome P-450CAM, putidaredoxin, and related proteins.
AB  - The amino acid sequences of cytochrome P-450CAM and putidaredoxin of the camphor
      hydroxylase [camphor, reduced-putida-ferredoxin:oxygen oxidoreductase (5
      hydroxylating), EC 1.14.15.1] of Pseudomonas putida are compared to each other
      and then to the sequences of bovine adrenodoxin and cytochrome b5. The
      comparisons reveal areas of homology indicating that these four proteins may
      share a common evolutionary origin. Moreover, homologous segments can be
      recognized by proper alignment of the sequence of cytochrome P-450CAM to recently
      determined sequences of other P-450 hemeproteins. Further scrutiny indicates
      vestiges of internal sequence duplications that have been conserved in limited
      segments by the constraints of selection over a long time period, while other
      segments of the sequence diverged. It is predicted that the corresponding
      reductases will show a similar sequence pattern. The conserved regions of
      internal sequence repetition may serve a special purpose in protein-protein
      interactions within the multienzyme systems.

PMID- 6584900
TI  - Tubular arrays of the actin-DNase I complex induced by gadolinium.
AB  - We describe the preparation and structural analysis of ordered tubular arrays of
      the actin-DNase I complex. These structures consist of helically stacked rings;
      each ring is 73 A thick, has a 240 A outer and a 120 A inner diameter, and has 7
      fold rotational symmetry. The actin-DNase I complex forms tubes under conditions
      in which actin alone aggregates into crystalline sheets-i.e., in the presence of
      the trivalent cation gadolinium. Moreover, upon addition of an equimolar amount
      of DNase I, crystalline actin sheets are slowly converted to tubes. The rings
      making the tubes contain a radial dyad axis that may be identical to the dyad
      axis of the unit cell of the crystalline actin sheet. Evidence is presented for
      this identification, which in turn allows tentative assignment of actin- and
      DNase I-containing regions in three-dimensional reconstructions of the rings. The
      structural analysis presented here may be useful in aligning available three
      dimensional molecular models of actin determined from crystals of the actin-DNase
      I complex and from crystalline actin sheets with each other and ultimately within
      the biologically important actin filament.

PMID- 6584901
TI  - Biogenesis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, an integral
      glycoprotein of the endoplasmic reticulum.
AB  - Using a cell line, C100, that overproduces 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A
      reductase (HMG-CoA reductase; EC 1.1.1.34) 100-fold, we have studied the
      synthesis and insertion of this protein into the endoplasmic reticulum. The
      enzyme is synthesized on membrane-bound polysomes. It is cotranslationally but
      not post-translationally inserted into dog pancreatic microsomes. This
      cotranslational insertion is dependent upon signal recognition particle. HMG-CoA
      reductase is glycosylated with an oligosaccharide(s) of the "high-mannose" type
      sensitive to endo-beta-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase H. Partial determination of the
      NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of the in vitro translation product and the
      mature polypeptide indicate they are the same and demonstrate there is no
      cleavage of an NH2-terminal signal sequence.

PMID- 6584902
TI  - O4-ethyldeoxythymidine, but not O6-ethyldeoxyguanosine, accumulates in hepatocyte
      DNA of rats exposed continuously to diethylnitrosamine.
AB  - In previous investigations into the mechanisms responsible for cell specificity
      in hepatocarcinogenesis, we have demonstrated that O6-methylguanine accumulates
      in the DNA of nonparenchymal cells (NPC) but is efficiently removed from
      hepatocellular DNA. O6-Alkylguanine may, therefore, be an important promutagenic
      lesion responsible for the induction of hepatic angiosarcomas after exposure to
      methylating agents, but other promutagenic DNA alkylation products--i.e., O4
      alkylthymine--may be responsible for the initiation of hepatocellular carcinomas.
      F-344 male rats were provided drinking water containing diethylnitrosamine (DEN)
      at 40 ppm for 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 28, 49, or 77 days, a regimen that selectively
      causes hepatocellular carcinomas. Hepatocytes and NPC were isolated by using low
      speed differential centrifugation. DNA was purified by hydroxyapatite
      chromatography and hydrolyzed enzymatically, and O4-ethyldeoxythymidine (O4
      EtdThd) and O6-ethyldeoxyguanosine (O6-EtdGuo) of hepatocyte and NPC DNA were
      quantitated by competitive radioimmunoassay using high-affinity monoclonal
      antibodies. O4-EtdThd accumulated in hepatocyte DNA during the first 28 days of
      DEN exposure, approximating a steady state at an O4-EtdThd-to-deoxythymidine
      molar ratio of approximately equal to 1 X 10(-5). This O4-EtdThd concentration
      was maintained from 28 to 77 days of DEN exposure. In contrast, O6-EtdGuo did not
      accumulate in hepatocyte DNA, its greatest concentration O6-EtdGuo-to
      deoxyguanosine ratio (approximately equal to 3.7 X 10(-7) ) being detected after
      2 days of exposure to DEN. O6-EtdGuo concentrations in hepatocyte DNA decreased
      with duration of exposure to DEN to an O6-EtdGuo-to-deoxyguanosine ratio of less
      than 2 X 10(-7) from 28 to 77 days. The data indicate that O4-EtdThd disappears
      from the DNA of hepatocytes less than 1/200th as fast as O6-EtdGuo. DNA from NPC
      contained approximately half as much O4-EtdThd as hepatocytes did, but greater
      than or equal to 2.5 times more O6-EtdGuo.

PMID- 6584903
TI  - Mutagenicity of quinones: pathways of metabolic activation and detoxification.
AB  - The mutagenicity of various quinones, a class of compounds widely distributed in
      nature, is demonstrated in the Salmonella TA104 tester strain. The metabolic
      pathways by which four quinones, menadione, benzo[a]pyrene 3,6-quinone, 9,10
      phenanthrenequinone, and danthron, caused mutagenicity in this test system were
      investigated in detail as were the detoxification pathways. The two-electron
      reduction of these quinones by NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase (DT-diaphorase) was
      not mutagenic, whereas the one-electron reduction, catalyzed by NADPH-cytochrome
      P-450 reductase, was mutagenic, except for danthron, which was only slightly
      mutagenic. The mutagenicity of the quinones via this pathway was found to be
      attributable to the generation of oxygen radicals. The cytochrome P-450
      monooxygenase also played a significant role in the detoxification and
      bioactivation of these quinones. For example, phenanthrenequinone was converted
      to a nonmutagenic metabolite in a cytochrome P-450-dependent reaction, whereas
      danthron was converted to a highly mutagenic metabolite. These studies show the
      complexity of metabolic pathways involved in the mutagenicity of quinones.

PMID- 6584904
TI  - Dark-adapted bacteriorhodopsin contains 13-cis, 15-syn and all-trans, 15-anti
      retinal Schiff bases.
AB  - 13C NMR spectra of lyophilized dark-adapted [14-13C]retinyl-labeled
      bacteriorhodopsin show a large anomalous upfield shift for the 13C-14 resonance
      assigned to the 13-cis isomer, relative to both the all-trans isomer and model
      compounds. We attribute this to the so-called gamma effect, which results from a
      steric interaction between the C-14 retinal proton and the protons on the epsilon
      CH2 of the lysine. As a consequence of this observation, we infer that dark
      adapted bacteriorhodopsin is composed of a mixture of all-trans, 15-anti (trans
      or E) and 13-cis, 15-syn (cis or Z) isomers. These occur in an approximate 4:6
      ratio and are commonly identified as bR568 and bR548. This conclusion is based on
      an examination of the isotropic and anisotropic chemical shifts and a comparison
      with 13C shifts of the carbons adjacent to the C = N linkage in protonated
      ketimines. Other possible origins for the anomalous shift are examined and shown
      to be insufficient to account for either the size of the shift or the nature of
      the shift tensor. We discuss the consequences of this finding for the structure
      and photochemistry of bacteriorhodopsin.

PMID- 6584905
TI  - pH-sensitive liposomes: acid-induced liposome fusion.
AB  - Sonicated unilamellar liposomes containing phosphatidylethanolamine and
      palmitoylhomocysteine fuse rapidly when the medium pH is lowered from 7 to 5.
      Liposome fusion was demonstrated by (i) mixing of the liposomal lipids as shown
      by resonance energy transfer, (ii) gel filtration, and (iii) electron microscopy.
      The pH-sensitive fusion of liposomes was observed only when palmitoylhomocysteine
      (greater than or equal to 20 mol%) was present in the liposomes. The presence of
      phosphatidyl-ethanolamine in the liposomes greatly enhanced fusion whereas the
      presence of phosphatidylcholine inhibited fusion. During fusion of liposomes
      containing phosphatidylethanolamine and palmitoylhomocysteine (8:2, mol/mol),
      almost all of the encapsulated calcein was released. Inclusion of cholesterol (40
      mol%) in the liposomes substantially decreased leakage without impairing fusion.

PMID- 6584906
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the tms genes of the pTiA6NC octopine Ti plasmid: two gene
      products involved in plant tumorigenesis.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of the tumor morphology locus, tms, from pTiA6NC has been
      determined. The sequence analysis indicates that each of two polyadenylylated
      transcripts encoded by this locus contains an open reading frame; the predicted
      transcript 1 gene product has a molecular size of 83,769 daltons, and the
      predicted transcript 2 gene product, of 49,588 daltons. The precise start and
      stop positions of the transcript 2 RNA have been mapped with S1 nuclease. Several
      insertion mutations have been constructed. One of these localizes the transcript
      2 promoter within the 72 base pairs 5' to transcription initiation. Significant
      homology was observed between the protein encoded by transcript 1 and the adenine
      binding region of p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase from Pseudomonas fluorescens,
      suggesting that the transcript 1 protein binds adenine either as substrate or
      cofactor.

PMID- 6584907
TI  - Albumin extinction without methylation of its gene.
AB  - In earlier work we identified at the 5' end of the rat albumin gene an Msp I site
      whose undermethylation appears to be necessary but not sufficient for stable
      expression of the gene in rat hepatoma cells. Here, we ask whether the block to
      expression of albumin production, which occurs when rat hepatoma cells are
      hybridized with cells that do not produce the protein, could be the result of de
      novo methylation of this site. In two types of somatic hybrids, rat hepatoma
      mouse L cell fibroblasts, and rat hepatoma-dedifferentiated variant rat hepatoma
      cells, extinction occurs and is maintained during the first 5-15 generations
      after fusion. During this time the Msp I site of the now inactive rat albumin
      gene remained unmethylated.

PMID- 6584908
TI  - Selective reduction of c-myc mRNA in Daudi cells by human beta interferon.
AB  - Under normal growth conditions, the human lymphoblastoid cell line Daudi
      expresses high levels of c-myc mRNA. These cells are also sensitive to growth
      inhibition by interferons. We have compared the levels of mRNA for the c-myc in
      untreated and human beta interferon (IFN-beta)-treated Daudi cells by RNA dot
      blot and blot-hybridization analysis methods. Using a synthetic oligonucleotide
      complementary to the human c-myc mRNA as the probe, we detected a more than 75%
      reduction in the c-myc hybridizable poly(A)+ RNA in the IFN-beta-treated cells.
      This reduction in the c-myc mRNA appears to be selective because the level of
      actin mRNA is not significantly affected by the IFN-beta treatment. In addition,
      neither in vitro translation of mRNA extracted from IFN-beta-treated cells nor in
      vivo synthesis of cellular proteins in IFN-beta-treated cells are quantitatively
      affected. We surmise that the selective reduction in the amount of c-myc mRNA in
      IFN-beta-treated Daudi cells may be related to the IFN-induced inhibition of the
      Daudi tumor cell growth.

PMID- 6584909
TI  - Mitochondrial gene flow.
AB  - To account for the transmission of mitochondrial DNA between conspecific species
      Drosophila pseudoobscura and D. persimilis in sympatry reported by J.R. Powell
      [Powell, J.R. (1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80, 492-495], a simple model of
      gene flow and selection in infinite populations is analyzed. The model assumes
      two alleles at each of two loci, one of which is coded by an autosome and the
      other by mitochondrial DNA. Viability selection is presumed to be underdominant-
      i.e., heterozygous inferiority to the homozygotes--at an autosomal locus, and
      neutral or deleterious at a mitochondrial locus, with the combined action being
      multiplicative. Extremely strong selection against heterozygotes may prevent the
      transmission of mitochondrial DNA between two species, but otherwise the
      transmission can easily occur over species boundaries. The rate of approach to
      equilibrium is determined by the level of gene flow and is not affected much by
      selection against an autosomal locus. The divergence of the nuclear genomes of
      the two species is reexamined. Based on published data on enzyme loci, we
      conclude that there has been mitochondrial gene flow between these species for a
      long enough time that several nuclear loci examined could diverge because of
      accumulation of neutral mutations.

PMID- 6584910
TI  - Are DNA spacers relics of gene amplification events?
AB  - The genome of a thermophilic fungus, Thermomyces lanuginosus, contains a tandemly
      arranged cluster of sequences that are approximately equal to 50% homologous with
      the cytoplasmic 5S RNA and that are selectable by hybridization techniques.
      Unlike typical pseudogenes, these sequences are not truncated; rather, they bear
      a limited sequence homology with the entire length of the 5S RNA and are oriented
      end to end without significant intervening sequences. We suggest that these are
      gene relics that were duplicated by a rolling circle-like mechanism and that have
      evolutionarily drifted to become gene spacers. Accordingly, we raise the
      possibility that this offers a fortuitous glimpse at the origins for many of the
      gene spacers in the eukaryotic genome.

PMID- 6584911
TI  - Evidence for the multicentric origin of the sickle cell hemoglobin gene in
      Africa.
AB  - Previous studies of the Hpa I cleavage site-sickle cell hemoglobin gene linkage
      in various African populations suggested that the sickle gene arose independently
      more than once. In the present study we have performed restriction endonuclease
      haplotype analysis for the beta-globin-like gene cluster from four separate
      geographic areas in Africa, all of which possess the sickle gene. In Benin
      (Central West Africa) and Algeria (Arab North Africa) all chromosomes carrying
      the sickle gene possess an identical haplotype as defined by 11 different
      polymorphic restriction endonuclease sites within the 60-kilobase region of the
      beta-globin-like gene cluster. In the Central African Republic (Bantu-speaking
      Africa) and in Senegal (Atlantic West Africa) a very large proportion of the
      sickle gene chromosomes were associated with a haplotype specific for each
      country. Thus, three different haplotypes are shown to be associated with the
      sickle gene in Africa, and each is present at a very high frequency in
      geographically separate regions. Since the three haplotypes differ from each
      other by at least three sites residing both 5' and 3' to a putative hot spot for
      recombination, it is most likely that the sickle gene arose at least three times
      on separate preexisting chromosomal haplotypes. This may have implications for a
      better understanding of the variable nature of the expression of sickle cell
      anemia, because clinically relevant sequences (for example, gamma-globin gene
      regulatory sequences responsive to anemia) might be linked polymorphically to
      these haplotypes.

PMID- 6584912
TI  - A carbohydrate side chain on hemagglutinins of Hong Kong influenza viruses
      inhibits recognition by a monoclonal antibody.
AB  - A single amino acid substitution, Asp-63 to Asn-63, was detected in the
      hemagglutinin of an antigenic variant of the 1968 Hong Kong (H3) influenza virus
      that was selected by growth of the wild-type virus in the presence of a
      monoclonal antibody. The mutation generates an oligosaccharide attachment site,
      Asn-Cys-Thr at residues 63-65, that is glycosylated. Immunoprecipitation
      experiments with extracts from variant virus-infected cells prepared in the
      presence or absence of tunicamycin, which inhibits glycosylation, demonstrate
      that addition of the new oligosaccharide side chain is required to prevent
      reaction with the monoclonal antibody. Similar experiments with the virus of the
      1969 Hong Kong influenza epidemic, A/England/878/69, which also contains a
      hemagglutinin glycosylated at residue 63, support this conclusion and provide
      evidence for the epidemiological significance of carbohydrate-mediated
      modifications of hemagglutinin antigenicity.

PMID- 6584913
TI  - Shared idiotopes among monoclonal antibodies specific for A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and X
      31(H3N2) influenza viruses.
AB  - A monoclonal antibody specific for the hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza A X-31
      (H3N2) virus (X-31) was obtained during a fusion of spleen cells from a BALB/c
      mouse immunized with influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) virus (PR8). This monoclonal
      antibody (Py206) shares crossreactive idiotopes expressed on several monoclonal
      antibodies specific for PR8 HA and X-31 HA as well as an individual idiotope
      shared with one monoclonal antibody specific for X-31 HA. The presence of shared
      idiotypy among antibodies of such diverse binding specificities may result from
      regulation by idiotype-specific T cells. In addition, the results suggest that,
      in contrast to the diversity of paratypes expressed, relatively few germ-line
      variable region genes may be used in the antibody response to influenza A virus
      antigens.

PMID- 6584914
TI  - Chromosomal location of the co-expressed human skeletal and cardiac actin genes.
AB  - We have examined the relationship between chromosomal location and regulation of
      the two human genes encoding the sarcomeric muscle actins. The human genes
      encoding skeletal alpha-actin and cardiac alpha-actin are co-expressed in both
      human skeletal muscle and heart. We have subcloned a single-copy DNA fragment
      from an intervening sequence in the human cardiac alpha-actin gene and a single
      copy DNA sequence from the 3' untranslated region of a human skeletal alpha-actin
      cDNA. Using these two gene-specific probes, we examined DNA isolated from human
      mouse somatic cell hybrid lines segregating human chromosomes. We observed the
      segregation of restriction endonuclease-generated DNA cleavage fragments that
      hybridize to the two probes. The two striated muscle genes do not co-segregate
      and are on different autosomes. The human cardiac alpha-actin gene (ACTC) is on
      chromosome 15 in the q11----qter region whereas the skeletal alpha-actin gene
      (ACTSK) is on chromosome 1 in the p21----qter region. The co-expression of these
      two genes is not a function of chromosomal linkage. Neither of these muscle genes
      can be the primary target resulting in X-linked muscular dystrophies.

PMID- 6584915
TI  - Stimulation of human granulocyte function by monoclonal antibody WEM-G1.
AB  - From a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) produced against purified human
      neutrophils, MAb WEM-G1 was selected for its ability to stimulate granulocyte
      function as assessed by the capacity to kill antibody-coated tumor target cells.
      MAb WEM-G1 bound to neutrophils and eosinophils and not to monocytes,
      lymphocytes, or erythrocytes, and thus identified a granulocyte differentiation
      antigen. It enhanced killing by both neutrophils and eosinophils in a dose
      dependent fashion, with a range of effector-to-target ratios and dilutions of
      anti-target cell antibody. The effect of MAb WEM-G1 was additive with that of
      colony-stimulating factor (CSF-alpha). Similarly, the ability of neutrophils to
      exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity in the presence of WEM-G1 was increased by
      preincubation of neutrophils with CSF-alpha. Immunoprecipitation analysis showed
      that WEM-G1 identified a cell-surface protein on human neutrophils of approximate
      molecular weight 110,000. It is suggested that this structure is involved in
      regulation of the function of human granulocytes.

PMID- 6584916
TI  - Protease inhibitors reduce the frequency of spontaneous chromosome abnormalities
      in cells from patients with Bloom syndrome.
AB  - Bloom syndrome is an autosomal recessive genetic disease. Cells from patients
      with this disease are characterized by high levels of chromosome aberrations and
      sister chromatid exchanges. We show here that the frequency of these chromosomal
      changes is markedly reduced when the cells are grown in the presence of certain
      protease inhibitors. In relation to other published data, our results suggest
      that the primary defect of Bloom syndrome cells may be related to the production
      of abnormally large amounts of agents, presumably active oxygen species, which
      are capable of acting like tumor promoters.

PMID- 6584917
TI  - Metabolism of apolipoproteins B-48 and B-100 of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in
      normal and lipoprotein lipase-deficient humans.
AB  - The metabolism of apolipoproteins B-48 and B-100 (apo B-48 and B-100) in large
      triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (300 to 1500 A in diameter) has been compared in
      three normal subjects and two subjects with genetically determined deficiency of
      lipoprotein lipase. The triglyceride-rich lipoproteins were obtained from a
      lipoprotein lipase-deficient donor 4 hr after a fat-rich meal in order to obtain
      chylomicrons (containing apo B-48) and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL)
      (containing apo B-100), whose properties had not been modified by the action of
      this enzyme. The triglyceride-rich lipoproteins were labeled with 125I and
      injected intravenously into recipients who had fasted overnight. In normal
      recipients, most of the apo B-48 was removed from the blood within 15 min, and
      most of the apo B-100 was removed within 30 min. In the lipoprotein lipase
      deficient recipients, most of the injected apo B-100 remained in the blood for
      more than 8 hr; removal of apo B-48 was only slightly more rapid. In all
      subjects, only trace amounts of either protein were found in lipoproteins more
      dense than 1.006 g/ml. The results indicate that (i) the removal of the apo B of
      both chylomicrons and large VLDL from the blood is dependent upon the hydrolysis
      of their component triglycerides by lipoprotein lipase, and (ii) little or no apo
      B-48 of chylomicrons or apo B-100 of large VLDL is converted appreciably to low
      density lipoproteins (LDL). Our results suggest that the reported variability of
      the conversion of VLDL to LDL may be related to the size and composition of the
      particles secreted from the liver. The rapid production of remnant particles that
      are removed efficiently by the liver may minimize the opportunity for further
      reactions leading to the formation of LDL.

PMID- 6584918
TI  - Membrane proteins unique to vertebrate olfactory cilia: candidates for sensory
      receptor molecules.
AB  - In search for olfactory receptor molecules, we carried out comprehensive
      electrophoretic mapping of membrane proteins in the cilia of frog olfactory
      epithelium. Seven polypeptides, extracted from isolated cilia by nonionic
      detergent, were unique to the sensory organelles, compared to nonsensory
      (respiratory) counterparts. Olfactory cilia contained 3-10 times more membrane
      associated protein as compared to respiratory cilia, in agreement with reported
      densities of freeze-fracture intramembranous particles. Four of the olfactory
      polypeptides were major constituents of the ciliary membrane, each amounting to
      greater than 10% of its total protein. Three major and one minor specific
      polypeptide were glycosylated, whereas membranes of nonsensory cilia were
      practically devoid of glycoproteins. A clear difference in surface composition
      was also shown by microscopic visualization of fluoresceinated lectin bound to
      intact isolated cilia. Two of the olfactory glycoproteins displayed pronounced
      heterogeneity of apparent molecular weight, which could partly be due to protein
      sequence diversity, as expected for odorant receptor molecules. The recently
      described inhibition of odorant-evoked sensory potentials by the lectin
      concanavalin A is consistent with the hypothesis that one or more of the specific
      glycoproteins described here plays a role in olfactory reception.

PMID- 6584919
TI  - Schwann cell expression of a major myelin glycoprotein in the absence of myelin
      assembly.
AB  - Quiescent Schwann cells in the distal segment of the permanently transected nerve
      produced basal levels of the major myelin glycoprotein, P0, in the absence of
      myelin assembly. Low levels of P0 could be detected at 35 days after transection
      by autoradiographic analysis of radioiodinated lectin binding after protein
      separation by high-resolution sodium dodecyl sulfate pore gradient
      electrophoresis and by fluorographic analysis after electrophoresis of [3H]fucose
      and [3H]mannose-labeled glycoproteins after incorporation into endoneurial
      slices. Immunoreactivity to P0 in the transected nerve could also be demonstrated
      with antisera against P0 as evaluated by direct "immune overlay" after
      electrophoresis. These results indicate that the requirement for continuing
      signals from appropriate axons to make detectable amounts of myelin-specific
      proteins and glycolipids is not absolute. Schwann cells, therefore, like
      oligodendrocytes, can synthesize myelin components in the absence of neuronal
      influence, although information from neuronal elements probably is required for
      myelin assembly by Schwann cells and for myelin compaction by oligodendrocytes.

PMID- 6584920
TI  - Spiperone: evidence for uptake into secretory granules.
AB  - Spiperone, a dopamine antagonist widely used as a specific ligand for dopamine
      and serotonin receptors, is actively accumulated into the F4C1 strain of rat
      pituitary tumor cells. The accumulation of 10 nM [3H]spiperone was linear for 3
      min and reached a steady state after 10 min. Spiperone accumulation was reduced
      50% by preincubation with 5 microM reserpine, an inhibitor of biogenic amine
      transport into secretory granules, and was also blocked by monensin and ammonium
      chloride, both of which increase the pH of intracellular storage organelles.
      Uptake was not affected by replacing sodium in the buffer with lithium at
      equimolar concentrations. Spiperone at 1 microM inhibited by over 50% serotonin
      transport into membrane vesicles isolated from platelet dense granules; this
      concentration inhibited the Na+-dependent plasma membrane transport system less
      than 10%. The data indicate spiperone specifically interacts with the secretory
      granule amine transport system and suggest that this transport system is found in
      the F4C1 pituitary cell strain as well as in platelets and neurons. The data also
      suggest that experiments utilizing spiperone to measure dopamine and serotonin
      receptors be interpreted with caution.

PMID- 6584921
TI  - Alteration of lipid-phase behavior in multiple sclerosis myelin revealed by wide
      angle x-ray diffraction.
AB  - Wide-angle x-ray diffraction studies revealed that the lipid-phase transition
      temperature of multiple sclerosis (MS) myelin was about 20 degrees C lower than
      that of normal myelin, indicating differences in the physical organization of the
      bilayer. The transition temperature of liposomes prepared from total lipid
      extracts of normal myelin was 12 degrees C lower than that for corresponding
      intact myelin, demonstrating that the protein of normal myelin had a substantial
      ordering effect on the lipid bilayer. The transition temperature for liposomes of
      MS myelin lipid was essentially similar to that for isolated MS myelin. Because
      the protein/phospholipid ratio was higher in MS myelin, and no difference in
      degree of fatty acid saturation was observed, the inability of MS myelin protein
      to organize the lipid reflects a qualitative difference in the proteins.

PMID- 6584922
TI  - Imaging of calcium and aluminum in neurofibrillary tangle-bearing neurons in
      parkinsonism-dementia of Guam.
AB  - We report the distribution and imaging of calcium and aluminum in neurofibrillary
      tangle (NFT)-bearing neurons within Sommer's sector of the hippocampus in
      Guamanian patients with parkinsonism-dementia, using a method of computer
      controlled electron beam x-ray micro-analysis and wavelength dispersive
      spectrometry. Calcium and aluminum were distributed in cell bodies and axonal
      processes of NFT-bearing neurons. The elemental images show that both calcium and
      aluminum deposits occur within the same NFT-bearing hippocampal neuron in this
      dementing disease, suggesting that these elements are involved in NFT formation.
      No prominent concentrations of calcium and aluminum were imaged in non-NFT
      containing regions within the pyramidal cell layer of the parkinsonism-dementia
      cases or in the control cases. These findings support the hypothesis that
      secondary hyperparathyroidism resulting from low environmental calcium and
      magnesium in the high-incidence focus of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and
      parkinsonism-dementia on Guam had led to abnormal deposition of calcium and
      aluminum in the central nervous system.

PMID- 6584923
TI  - Mechanoelectrical transducer has discrete conductances in the chick vestibular
      hair cell.
AB  - Properties of mechanoelectrical transduction were studied at the single-cell
      level by applying a whole-cell recording variation of the patch-clamp technique
      to dissociated vestibular hair cells of chicks. The hair bundle was directly
      stimulated by a glass rod, and transduction currents were recorded from the cell
      body. After a triangular movement of the stimulating probe, the transduction
      current was generated stepwise between discrete levels of amplitude. The minimum
      step amplitude was -1.8 pA at -27 mV in Na-containing normal saline.

PMID- 6584925
TI  - Fiber-fiber interaction and tectal cues influence the development of the chicken
      retinotectal projection.
AB  - The development of the retinotectal projection has been studied by a new
      experimental approach combining antibodies against the nerve cell adhesion
      molecule (NCAM), and techniques for mapping neuronal pathways using rhodamine B
      isothiocyanate (RITC) crystals. Anti-NCAM Fab', which specifically inhibits
      neurite fasciculation, was injected into the eye cup of 4-day-old chicken
      embryos. After 4-6 days of development, a small RITC crystal was placed on the
      neural retina to stain selectively axons arising from a localized region. One day
      later the retina, optic nerve, and tectum were examined and the paths of the
      fluorescent retinal ganglion cell axons were traced. These studies have led to
      four observations: (i) The presence of anti-NCAM Fab' causes the axons to form a
      disordered nerve bundle at the optic fissure. (ii) Disorder produced in the optic
      nerve persists throughout the optic pathway up to the tectum. (iii) Many of the
      misrouted fibers growing on or near the tectal surface can at least partially
      correct their position. (iv) Late axons grow in straight tracks along other
      fibers and do not correct their position. Together the results suggest that
      formation of the retinotectal projection involves both reading of positional cues
      on the tectum by growth cones of early arriving retinal axons and the tracking of
      growth cones along preexisting fibers that normally belong to neighboring retinal
      ganglion cells.

PMID- 6584924
TI  - Gastrin and cholecystokinin in pituitary neurons.
AB  - Gastrins occur in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal neurons of all mammalian species
      examined. In addition, human, bovine, and murine hypothalamo-hypophyseal neurons
      contain the homologous cholecystokinins (CCKs). CCK also occurs in neurons
      innervating bovine melanotrophs. Although the concentration of gastrin is of the
      same magnitude (15-30 pmol/g) in all neural lobes, the concentration of CCK
      varies from undetectable in pig and cat to 1 nmol/g in the cow. The constant
      occurrence of neurohypophyseal gastrin suggests a role different from that of the
      species-dependent CCK.

PMID- 6584926
TI  - Glucocorticoid receptors and steroid sensitivity of human acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia.

PMID- 6584927
TI  - Specific binding of 15 HETE to lymphocytes. Effects on the fluidity of plasmatic
      membranes.
AB  - Specific binding of mouse lymphocytes for 15 HETE was examined by incubating
      cells with [14C]-15 HETE, 1 X 10(-8) to 1 X 10(-10)M. It was observed that the
      specific binding of radiolabeled 15 HETE is a function of time, of temperature
      and is modified by Ca2+ and dithiothreitol. When a fluorescent probe was embedded
      in the phospholipid core of the lymphocyte membrane and its motion analysed by
      fluorescence polarization, it was observed that 15 HETE increases the viscosity
      of the plasmatic membrane.

PMID- 6584928
TI  - Immunosuppression induced in vivo by 15 hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15 HETE).
AB  - We have investigated the in vivo effects of 15 HETE on C57Bl/6 (H-2b) mice
      injected IP daily with this product. After that the 15 HETE treated animals and
      the controls were challenged in vivo by DBA/2 (H-2d) cells. Splenocytes from 15
      HETE injected animals were either stimulated in vitro by lectins or cocultivated
      with DBA/2 irradiated splenocytes. It was observed that the response of
      splenocytes from in vivo treated animals is weaker than the control's response.
      The data suggest that 15 HETE induce the generation of suppressor cells.

PMID- 6584930
TI  - Evaluation of a proposed hamster separation model of depression.
AB  - Phodopus sungorus, the Siberian dwarf hamster, exhibits a number of reproducible
      and quantifiable behavioral changes when the members of a male-female pair bond
      are separated. Preliminary evaluation of the syndrome revealed a significant
      increase in body weight, decrease in social interaction, and decrease in
      exploratory behaviors, which occurred predominantly in separated males. Some, but
      not all, of the behavioral effects of separation are reversed by the tricyclic
      antidepressant, imipramine. Separation of pair-bonded Siberian dwarf hamsters may
      provide a new animal model for depression, incorporating the practical advantages
      of a rodent model with the conceptual advantages of a naturalistic life event
      precipitant.

PMID- 6584929
TI  - Symptomatic volunteers in depression research: a closer look.
AB  - Seventy-nine carefully screened volunteers were compared with 46 clinically
      referred outpatient primary depressives to assess the validity of use of
      symptomatic volunteers in research on depression. Overall, symptomatic and
      clinical referral samples were similar on the majority of demographic and
      symptomatic variables, although volunteers were less likely to be single, had
      slightly lower Hamilton scores, less self-reported anxiety, and a longer index
      episode of depression. Symptomatic volunteer and clinical referral groups had a
      similar prevalence of endogenous depression by either RDC or DSM-III criteria.
      Results in 60 patients treated with amitriptyline indicated that both groups were
      comparable with respect to overall dropout rate, side-effect attrition, dosage of
      amitriptyline received, and clinical response. Only the proportion of patients
      who dropped out between completion of assessment and initiation of treatment
      significantly differed between groups (symptomatic volunteers = 19%; clinical
      referrals = 0%; p less than 0.05). These findings support use of rigorously
      screened symptomatic volunteers in outpatient depression research.

PMID- 6584931
TI  - The effect of vasopressin on memory in the healthy elderly.
AB  - The effect that vasopressin has upon memory in young and old males was tested in
      a double-blind crossover study. There were two 1-week medication periods; during
      one, subjects received 60 micrograms of vasopressin daily; during the other,
      placebo. Reaction time tasks were used to measure their speed of retrieval from:
      short-term memory (STM), long-term memory (LTM), and semantic memory (SM). While
      vasopressin did not affect SM retrieval time or simple vocal reaction time, it
      did reduce memory comparison time and perceptual-motor time in STM and retrieval
      time in LTM. The degree of facilitation was similar in young and old.

PMID- 6584932
TI  - Prolactin response to single and multiple doses of haloperidol in schizophrenic
      patients.
AB  - Serum prolactin and blood levels of haloperidol were assessed in schizophrenic
      patients after single acute oral doses of haloperidol and during fixed dose
      treatment with this medication. Although significant intrapatient correlations
      between prolactin responses to different doses of haloperidol were found, no
      statistically significant interpatient relationship between haloperidol dose and
      prolactin response emerged. There were statistically significant relationships
      between steady-state plasma and red cell haloperidol levels (measured by
      radioreceptor or gas liquid chromatographic techniques) and serum prolactin
      response, but not between blood levels after the acute haloperidol dose and
      prolactin response.

PMID- 6584933
TI  - Seasonal variation in human central dopamine activity.
AB  - This report focuses on two studies of seasonal variation of central dopamine
      activity in patients with schizophrenia and normal controls. In the two
      investigations, data were grouped and analyzed by season (i.e., spring-summer vs.
      fall-winter). The first study concerned blink rate, a putative measure of central
      dopamine activity; the blink rate for patients with schizophrenia was
      significantly increased during the spring-summer period. In the second study
      concentrations of catecholamines and their metabolites were measured in the
      hypothalamus and nucleus accumbens of normal and schizophrenic subjects. Findings
      include a reduced concentration of hypothalamus dopamine in normal controls and a
      reduced concentration of homovanillic acid in the nucleus accumbens of patients
      with schizophrenia, both during the spring-summer period.

PMID- 6584934
TI  - A brief instrument for longitudinal monitoring of mood states.
AB  - We describe the development of a practical instrument for longitudinal assessment
      of affective symptoms in large samples. An 11-item questionnaire was completed
      twice daily by normal and affectively disordered subjects for 90 days to
      determine which subjective states to measure; and to compare the 100 mm visual
      analogue format with a segmented visual analogue format on morning and evening
      ratings. The final instrument consists of three bipolar ratings--mood, anxiety,
      and energy levels--on a segmented visual analogue format, plus hours of sleep. It
      is administered once a day, in the morning. The instrument has high subject and
      rating compliance for studying infradian cycles.

PMID- 6584935
TI  - Seasonal variation in platelet 3H-imipramine binding: comparable values in
      control and depressed populations.
AB  - Recent findings of reduced 3H-imipramine binding in platelets of depressed
      patients compared to healthy controls have been proposed as a biological marker
      of depression. However, these studies failed to consider the possible occurrence
      of seasonal variation in the binding characteristics. Our results show a highly
      significant seasonal variation in platelet 3H-imipramine binding which occurs in
      both normal and depressed populations. Furthermore, when annual rhythms are taken
      into account, there is no difference in the binding parameters in the two
      populations.

PMID- 6584936
TI  - Platelet imipramine binding in autistic subjects.
AB  - Previous reports of elevated platelet serotonin (5-HT) concentrations in autistic
      subjects suggest that platelet 5-HT uptake might be altered in autism. Parameters
      of 3H-imipramine (IMI) binding were measured in 11 drug-free autistic subjects
      and 10 normal volunteers. Similar means (+/- SD) for Bmax (autistics, 1350 +/-
      fmole/mg protein; normals, 1590 +/- 206 fmole/mg protein) and Kd (autistics, 0.98
      +/- 0.10 nM; normals, 0.94 +/- 0.13 nM) were found in the two groups. The normal
      number (Bmax) and affinity (Kd) of the IMI binding site in autistic subjects
      suggest that the regulation of 5-HT uptake is not different in autism.

PMID- 6584937
TI  - Comparison of metoprolol and propranolol in the treatment of lithium tremor.

PMID- 6584938
TI  - Urinary excretion of biopterin and neopterin in psychiatric disorders.
AB  - Levels of urinary neopterin and biopterin were determined in patients having a
      diagnosis of schizophrenia, unipolar depression, or bipolar depression. Both
      neopterin and biopterin levels were significantly higher in the urine of patients
      with unipolar depression than in the urine of the control group.
      Subclassification of patients into primary and secondary depression demonstrated
      a significant elevation of urinary biopterin in both groups, whereas urinary
      neopterin was elevated only in those patients with primary depression. In
      patients with bipolar depression, neopterin excretion was elevated, but biopterin
      excretion did not differ from controls. No significant differences were found in
      schizophrenic patients.

PMID- 6584939
TI  - Psychoeducational and impulsivity correlates of platelet MAO in normal children.
AB  - The authors examined the relationship between the activity of platelet monoamine
      oxidase (MAO) and a variety of psychoeducational measures, as well as the scores
      on the Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFF), a psychological test of reflection
      impulsivity, in 21 normal children (12 boys, 9 girls) who were admitted to a
      clinical research center and placed on a low monoamine diet. The children were
      divided into three equal groups (n = 7) based on their values of platelet MAO.
      There were no significant differences among the three groups in the
      psychoeducational measures. However, the high and low MAO groups made
      significantly more errors and had shorter latency periods on the MFF than the
      middle MAO group. These findings suggest that normal children with platelet MAO
      activity values in the high and low ends of the MAO distribution are more
      impulsive than the children with platelet MAO values in the middle range on the
      MFF Test of Impulsivity. The findings further suggest that there is no
      relationship between platelet MAO levels and intellectual abilities or scholastic
      achievement in normal children.

PMID- 6584940
TI  - [Radioprotective action of a combination of poly I-poly C and mexamine].
AB  - In experiments on (CBA X C57Bl)F1 mice irradiated with doses of 8-12 Gy a study
      was made of the effect of a mixture of polyI-polyC (2.5 mg/kg, 2 days before
      irradiation) and mexamine (30 mg/kg, 5 min before irradiation) on the survival
      rate of animals and the times of their death. It was shown that polyI-polyC
      potentiates the protective effect of mexamine not increasing its toxicity. The
      protective agents used in a combination decrease the "intestinal" death of
      irradiated animals while used separately fail to produce this effect.

PMID- 6584941
TI  - Prostaglandin D2 inhibits the proliferation of human malignant tumor cells.
AB  - The cytotoxic effect of prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGE1 and PGF2 alpha was examined
      on human osteosarcoma cells (KSu cell line) in vitro, and PGD2 was most
      effective. DNA, RNA and protein syntheses of KSu cells were also found to be
      inhibited by PGD2 at a concentration of 5 micrograms/ml. Furthermore, the
      proliferation of various human malignant tumor cells was inhibited by PGD2
      without exception so far. These results suggest that PGD2 shows an anti
      neoplastic effect on a variety of human malignant tumor cells.

PMID- 6584942
TI  - Stimulation of bone formation by prostaglandin E2.
AB  - We examined the effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), in the presence or absence of
      cortisol, on bone formation in 21-day fetal rat calvaria maintained in organ
      culture for 24 to 96 h. [3H]Thymidine and [3H] proline incorporation were used to
      assess DNA and collagen synthesis, respectively. Changes in dry weight and DNA
      content were assessed after 96 h. PGE2 (10(-7) M) stimulated both DNA and
      collagen synthesis in calvaria. The effect on DNA synthesis was early (24 h),
      transient and limited to the periosteum. Collagen synthesis was stimulated at a
      later time (96 h), predominantly in the central bone. Cortisol (10(-7) M)
      inhibited DNA and collagen synthesis. The addition of PGE2 reversed the
      inhibitory effects of cortisol on DNA synthesis and content and increased
      collagen synthesis in central bone to levels above control untreated cultures. We
      conclude that PGE2 has stimulatory effects on bone formation and can reverse the
      inhibitory effects of cortisol. Hence the effects of cortisol may be mediated in
      part by their ability to reduce the endogenous production of prostaglandins.

PMID- 6584943
TI  - [Skeletal changes in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Incidence and
      prognostic significance].
AB  - 119 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia at onset underwent radiography of
      the whole body in order to determine whether initial radiological bone lesions
      were correlated with subsequent clinical course. Radiological findings were
      divided into three groups: 101 children (84.8%) had no bone involvement (group
      0); 10 had bone changes compatible with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, such as
      slight metaphyseal transverse lucent bands with or without diffuse
      demineralization (group 1); 8 had bone changes, such as periosteal reaction with
      or without intramedullary osteolytic mottling. Bone involvement was not
      correlated with prognostic factors. Furthermore there was no significant
      correlation between bone changes and complete remission or survival.

PMID- 6584944
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 production by human tumors. Defense mechanism against the host?
      A preliminary report.
AB  - Immunoreactive PGE2 was determined in 11 surgically removed malignant tumors.
      When compared to adjacent non-malignant tissues PGE2 content was significantly
      higher in the neoplastic tissues. These findings support the view that PG may
      play a role in cell proliferation and/or vascular supply to tumor tissues. The
      hypothesis was also discussed that PGE2 may represent a tumor against host
      defense since it can decrease spontaneous and antibody dependent cytotoxicity.
      PGE2 may also play a role in tumor induced osteoporosis and hypercalcemia. If
      this hypothesis is correct PGE2 synthesis inhibitors may be employed as auxiliary
      antitumor agents.

PMID- 6584945
TI  - [Recent data on the HLA-D region in man].

PMID- 6584946
TI  - A new look at the fiscal impact of the malpractice crisis.

PMID- 6584947
TI  - The Doctor John E. Donley Rehabilitation Center: a community resource.

PMID- 6584948
TI  - Traffic fatalities in Rhode Island: Part I--Descriptive epidemiology.

PMID- 6584949
TI  - Gastric outlet obstruction produced by gallstones in the duodenal wall.

PMID- 6584950
TI  - Case record: Rhode Island Hospital.

PMID- 6584951
TI  - [Psychological aspects of eating behavior and its consequences in obesity].

PMID- 6584952
TI  - [Vertical maxillo-mandibular dysmorphias due to excessive growth. Terminology,
      diagnosis and treatment].
AB  - The authors propose a system of terminology for vertical maxillo-mandibular
      dysmorphia, "long face" or rather "high face", and "hypsoprosopia" hypsomaxillia
      to facilitate the diagnosis and the therapeutic approach. They distinguish 3
      abnormalities which are responsible, alone or in combination, for an increased
      height in the face: hypsomaxilla, hypsogenia and vertical anterior inter-incisive
      aperture (open bite), which can arise in three situations (supra erupted
      posterior alveolar maxillary segment, infra erupted anterior alveolar mandibular
      segment, exaggerated opening of the angle of the mandible or amblygonia). They
      present the clinical picture and the specific teleradiographic features of each
      abnormality, supported by cases of patients with definite dento-maxillary growth.
      On the basis of this classification, the authors propose a more systematized
      approach to the various segmental or total maxillary or mandibular osteotomies,
      which may be coupled or even combined with advancements or transverse movements
      in cases of associated dysmorphosis.

PMID- 6584953
TI  - [The impact of profile cephalometry on the surgical treatment of antero-posterior
      dysmorphosis of the jaws].
AB  - We habitually use cephalometric analysis to confirm the diagnosis of a latero
      facial deformity. A photographic examination completes the clinical evaluation,
      with the study of the aesthetic profile. For treatment, after study of the dental
      occlusion (use of study models and surgical set-up of the teeth) this analysis
      permit-us to determine the ideal place of the maxilla or the mandible.

PMID- 6584954
TI  - [The stomatological complications of Steinert's disease. Apropos of a case].
AB  - Steinert's disease is a myotonic dystrophy associated with diffuse visceral
      involvement. A severe hereditary disorder, it is characterised from a maxillo
      facial standpoint by a special dysmorphism which the authors emphasize in the
      light of one case. They then suggest that a wider study of this condition might
      be envisaged.

PMID- 6584955
TI  - [Indications for selective embolizations in maxillofacial pathology].
AB  - There has been remarkable progress in the therapy of maxillofacial disorders,
      mainly as a result of the development of Djinjian and Merland's techniques for
      the exploration and selective embolization of the region supplied by the external
      carotid artery. These methods facilitate management of bone and skin angiomas and
      help to resolve problems of therapeutic arteriography for orofacial tumors. Two
      particularly hypervascular types of tumor: nasopharyngeal angiofibroma and
      carotid glomus tumor, as well as the hemorrhagic complications of facial
      epitheliomas, are conditions in which extremely useful data is obtained. Post
      traumatic arteriovenous fistula can be treated by introducing inflatable balloons
      that are releasable or linked to a catheter. Acute severe epistaxis following
      injury responds to emergency embolization of the external carotid artery
      branches.

PMID- 6584956
TI  - [Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Apropos of a case report of quadruplets].
AB  - This study anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in quadruplets, allows the authors to
      recall the principal signs of this affliction, which are anhidrosis, or
      hypohidrosis, hypotrichosis and anodontia or hypodontia.

PMID- 6584957
TI  - [Rotation flap from the anterior tonsillar pillar for the reconstruction of the
      intermaxillary commissure and posterior portion of the cheek].
AB  - A modified technique is presented, which is based on Kazanjian and Hynes' methods
      using a lateral pharyngeal flap, and which provides a simple means of repair of
      loss of mucosal substance from the intermaxillary area or the posterior two
      thirds of the cheek.

PMID- 6584958
TI  - [One-stage surgical treatment of temporo-mandibular ankylosis and its facial
      deformity].
AB  - A patient with temporomandibular ankylosis was treated by resection of the
      ankylosed block followed by lengthening of the ascending ramus by an
      endoprosthesis. The place of the latter in the treatment of such lesions and the
      deformities that result from them is analyzed. Emphasis is laid on the value of
      displacement of the superior arch by a Le Fort I osteotomy in the correction of
      facial asymmetry in cases of laterognathia due to a mandibular development
      defect.

PMID- 6584959
TI  - [Superior external approach to the pterygomaxillary fossa and its extensions].
AB  - Access to the pterygomaxillary fossa is obtained with difficulty, classical
      approaches to this lateral craniofacial cross-roads being either narrow or
      mutilating. In some affections it is justifiable to use a scalp approach with
      temporary displacement of the zygomaticomalar block, this providing an excellent
      view of the region.

PMID- 6584960
TI  - [Pitfalls in the treatment of periodontitis].
AB  - The author point out that periodontitis is a disease of multiple aetiology and
      indicate two types of pitfall: traps in conceiving the plan of treatment and
      traps in carrying out treatment. The treatment plan may be incomplete. The
      authors show that the deepest types of vertical alveolysis are always related to
      occlusal or functional imbalance and that treatment based only upon hygiene and
      periodontal surgery represents a pitfall. They stress the importance of
      functional treatment. However such complex functional treatment itself has a
      number of pitfalls when it is being carried out. It is essential to restore
      balance of the oro-facial musculature before any treatment of occlusion. These
      are also types of non-occlusal musculo-dental imbalance which may plan an
      important role in the course of periodontitis. In conclusion, the authors note
      that functional treatment of the manducatory apparatus is as important as
      controlling inflammation. This must not be underestimated nor be allowed to go
      unrecognised.

PMID- 6584961
TI  - [External temporomandibular ankylosis].
AB  - The predominant aetiology in 24 cases of temporomandibular ankylosis treated
      surgically since 1976 was trauma. Among the patients operated upon for post
      traumatic ankylosis one anatomoclinical form could be identified characterized by
      an external block attaching the condylar neck to the zygomatic bone, and an
      internal joint by movement of the head or part of the condylar head. A favorable
      prognosis can be given in this type of lesion as resection of the block does not
      modify the height of the ascending ramus.

PMID- 6584962
TI  - [Schwannoma of the pterygomaxillary fossa, excision by transmandibular approach].
AB  - Primary tumors of the pterygomaxillary fossa are rare and difficult to approach
      surgically. A case of a schwannoma is reported, extirpation being through a
      transmandibular approach using an osteotomy-osteosynthesis procedure.

PMID- 6584963
TI  - [The Gardner-Diamond syndrome or painful recurrent ecchymotic purpura].
AB  - A case of Gardner-Diamond's syndrome is reported in which the lesions were
      localized to the face. The syndrome is characterized by the spontaneous onset of
      recurrent painful ecchymoses mainly in young women. The elective site of the
      lesions is on the limbs, sometimes on the abdomen or thorax, and only rarely on
      the face. They are accompanied by a very rich symptomatology contrasting with
      normal biological test results. An autoerythrocytic sensitization mechanism has
      been suggested but few biological arguments exist to support this auto-immune
      hypothesis of its origin. In contrast, the psychological background is hysterical
      in type, and the affection can be included among the psychogenic purpuras.

PMID- 6584964
TI  - [Double cogenital nasopalatine fistula behind the central and lateral incisors].
AB  - A 26-year-old man presenting no clinical manifestations apart from the
      intermittent flow of nasal secretions into the mouth was found to have a double
      fistulous tract at the level of the upper central incisors. Fistulography
      confirmed the presence of a fistula. The nosological place of this congenital
      lesion remains to be defined.

PMID- 6584965
TI  - [Agenesis of the superior central incisor. Its relation to pituitary nanism].
AB  - Two cases of agenesis of the upper central incisor were treated in the Department
      of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nantes, France. A review of the
      pertinent published literature showed that although this type of agenesis could
      be an isolated phenomenon, it could also (as with certain median structure
      anomalies) be associated with pituitary dwarfism, a not uncommon situation since
      this was the case in 8 out of 18 cases reported.

PMID- 6584966
TI  - [A simple technic for the reproduction of radiograph transparencies].
AB  - An reversible daylight color film associated with 3 filters was used for slide
      reproduction from radiographs. This simple, rapid, and low-cost technique appears
      to be particularly suitable for iconographic reproduction for teaching purposes.

PMID- 6584967
TI  - Prostanoid synthesis by cultured gastric and duodenal mucosa: Possible role in
      the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer.
AB  - Cultured duodenal mucosa obtained from normal subjects synthesized and secreted
      significantly less prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, and thromboxane B2
      (TXB2) than cultured gastric mucosa obtained from the same subjects. Accumulation
      of PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, and TXB2--the stable metabolites of prostacyclin I2
      and thromboxane A2, respectively--by cultured gastric mucosa obtained from 21
      untreated patients with active duodenal ulcer was significantly lower than their
      respective accumulation by cultured gastric mucosa obtained from 14 normal
      subjects. Accumulation of all three prostanoids by cultured duodenal mucosa
      obtained from patients with active duodenal ulcer and from normal subjects was
      not significantly different. PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, and TXB2 accumulation was
      five to six times higher than their respective content in fresh tissue before
      culture and was inhibited by flufenamic acid. These results suggest that a
      decrease in endogenous gastric prostanoid synthesis may have a role in the
      pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease.

PMID- 6584968
TI  - Abstracts of papers presented at the Sixteenth Scandinavian Conference on
      Gastroenterology and the Seventh Scandinavian Meeting on Gastrointestinal
      Endoscopy. Stavanger, Norway, 1-4 June 1983.

PMID- 6584969
TI  - Gastrointestinal secretion mechanisms and disorders. Proceedings of the fifth
      symposium in a series on Basic Science in Gastroenterology. London, UK, 19 April
      1983.

PMID- 6584970
TI  - [Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia with washing out of
      Ph'-negative lymphoid blasts and with meningiosis: atypical blast crisis or a 2d
      leukemia?].
AB  - The case of a 53-year-old female with a Philadelphia-chromosome (Ph')-positive
      chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is reported. In this patient, a first lymphoid
      blast crisis developed after a chronic period of 20 months. Treatment with
      vincristine and prednisone was successful. A few weeks later she presented with
      meningeal leukemia with lymphoid blastic cells in CSF and a facial nerve palsy,
      while the peripheral blood showed the typical picture of CML. Meningeal leukemia
      was successfully treated with cranial irradiation and intrathecal chemotherapy.
      Later on, a second lymphoid blast crisis (blasts of "common acute leukemia" type)
      was observed. Again, chemotherapy with vincristine and prednisone was successful.
      After 2 1/2 weeks, however, a third lymphoid blast crisis developed. At this
      moment, Ph'-chromosome was undetectable in unstimulated cells of the peripheral
      blood. The question of an additional leukemia is discussed.

PMID- 6584971
TI  - [Extract from a report on a WHO consultant to the Center for Dental Hygiene and
      Prophylaxis of French Polynesia, 1983].

PMID- 6584972
TI  - [Treatment of extensive bone defects in the jaws with hydroxyapatite granules].

PMID- 6584973
TI  - [Trial of a porous chromium-cobalt-molybdenum blade implant].

PMID- 6584974
TI  - [Anterior and posterior guidance of the mandible].

PMID- 6584975
TI  - Biotechnology as an intellectual property.
AB  - Recent advances in biotechnology have created many public policy and legal
      issues, one of the most significant of which is the treatment of biotechnological
      industrial products, particularly under the patent system. Patents represent one
      of several types of intellectual property; their ownership confers the right to
      exclude others from benefitting from the tangible products of a proprietary
      subject matter. Intellectual property law and its protections will play a major
      role in the rate at which biotechnology develops in the United States. In this
      article biotechnological intellectual property issues are reviewed in the context
      of their underlying legal requirements. The implications of other factors, such
      as international competition, research funding, and gene ownership, are also
      considered.

PMID- 6584976
TI  - Rifkin takes another shot at UC experiment.

PMID- 6584977
TI  - OMB challenges plan to regulate biotechnology.

PMID- 6584978
TI  - Uptake of gallium in the breasts.

PMID- 6584979
TI  - Renal accumulation of 67Ga-citrate.

PMID- 6584980
TI  - Decreased hepatic concentration of radiogallium--67Ga.

PMID- 6584981
TI  - Case report 257. Grade IV chondroblastic osteosarcoma of tibia.

PMID- 6584982
TI  - Case report 258. High-grade "surface" osteosarcoma arising from femoral shaft.

PMID- 6584983
TI  - Monocytic leukaemia associated with myeloid metaplasia, resembling metastatic
      bone disease.
AB  - A case of lethal, subacute monocytic leukaemia is described in which the
      development of multiple sclerotic bone lesions, resembling metastases, was due to
      secondary myeloid metaplasia. The spectrum of leukaemic involvement of the
      skeleton is discussed with emphasis on sclerotic bone lesions. The differential
      diagnosis of other focal areas of bone sclerosis is considered.

PMID- 6584984
TI  - [Arrangements allowing the home treatment and maintenance of patients with severe
      chronic respiratory insufficiency on respirators in France].

PMID- 6584985
TI  - [Home respiratory care in Belgium].

PMID- 6584986
TI  - [Preparation of the patient with chronic respiratory insufficiency for return
      home. Education and training of the patient on a respirator].

PMID- 6584987
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a CHO amino acid transport mutant resistant to
      melphalan (L-phenylalanine mustard).
AB  - A mutant of Chinese hamster ovary cells, CHY-2, was isolated on the basis of its
      reduced ability to grow on a limiting concentration of leucine and was found to
      be defective in uptake of leucine via the sodium-independent L system. Consistent
      with published reports that the L system can mediate melphalan uptake, the D10 of
      the mutant for melphalan was increased threefold under conditions designed to
      limit drug uptake to the L system (brief exposure in sodium-free medium). Unlike
      a previously described melphalan-resistant CHO mutant (CHr), CHY-2 displays no
      cross-resistance to colchicine or puromycin. It differs from a second melphalan
      resistant CHO mutant, melr, in its sensitivity to melphalan in the presence of
      high Na+, and from a melphalan-resistant mouse leukemic cell in possessing normal
      levels of intracellular glutathione. Thus, CHY-2 represents a new melphalan
      resistant mutant class. The effect of the CHY-2 mutation is pleiotropic,
      involving significant reductions in amino acid uptake via the L, A and Ly+ (but
      not ASC) systems. The primary defect is unknown; however, the mutant possesses
      normal intracellular concentrations of Na+ and K+ and normal membrane fluidity.
      The growth rate of the mutant in standard medium is greatly reduced (generation
      time of 60 h vs. 24 h), although it can be improved by the addition of a
      supplement containing high concentrations of leucine, proline, and peptides.

PMID- 6584988
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a Chinese hamster lung cell tryptophanyl-tRNA
      synthetase mutant.
AB  - A novel type of temperature-sensitive protein synthetic mutant was isolated from
      V-79 Chinese hamster lung cells using an amino acid analog suicide selection. The
      expression of the temperature sensitive phenotype of the mutant is greatly
      affected by the concentration of tryptophan in the culture medium. In addition,
      the activity of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase is undetectable in cell-free
      extracts prepared from the mutant cells. The results suggest that the mutant has
      an alteration in the structural gene encoding tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase.

PMID- 6584989
TI  - Repair of DNA adducts in asynchronous CHO cells and the role of repair in cell
      killing and mutation induction in synchronous cells treated with 7
      bromomethylbenz[a]anthracene.
AB  - CHO cells of normal or UV-sensitive phenotypes were analyzed for their ability to
      remove DNA adducts produced by the carcinogen 7-BrMeBA. At a dose of 0.1 microM,
      which reduced the survival of the normal AA8 cells to approximately 90% and the
      mutant UV5 cells to approximately 20%, the frequency of adducts was 5-6 per 10(6)
      nucleotides for both cell types, and AA8 cells removed approximately 30% of the
      adducts in 8 h and approximately 55% in 24 h. In contrast, UV5 and mutants from
      four other genetic complementation groups had no significant removal. Binding of
      7-BrMeBA did not vary through the cell cycle in synchronous cultures. At a dose
      of mutagen (0.07 microM) resulting in approximately 25% survival of asynchronous
      UV5, the survival of synchronous cultures rose about threefold from early G1 to
      early S phase and then decreased somewhat in late S/G2. At a dose (0.28 microM)
      producing similar survival of asynchronous cultures, AA8 cells differed
      qualitatively in that survival decreased progressively by 5- to 10-fold between
      early G1 and the early part of S, and rose steeply through late S/G2 to give a 10
      to 20-fold increase. We conclude that DNA repair is the major determinant of
      variations in survival through the cycle in normal cells. The patterns observed
      are consistent with a mechanism of killing in AA8 cells in which adducts disrupt
      DNA replication, while in UV5 cells transcriptional blocks or other effects may
      govern lethality. Induced mutations at the aprt and hprt loci showed changes
      through the cycle in both AA8 and UV5 cells, and the patterns were not readily
      explainable by the action of repair.

PMID- 6584990
TI  - Somatic cell hybridization of human tumor samples.
AB  - Human intraspecific hybrids were formed between tumor cells isolated from both
      primary and metastatic tumors and a tissue culture adapted cell line, D98OR, a
      HeLa derivative which is thioguanine and ouabain resistant. Five different tumor
      types in all were attempted: renal cell carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma,
      melanoma, chrondrosarcoma, and hepatocarcinoma. The tumor tissue was either (1)
      immediately dissociated and fused, or (2) frozen and later thawed, dissociated,
      and fused. Two different PEG concentrations were used. The results reported here
      demonstrate that: (1) hybrid tumor cell lines can be made from several types of
      cancer, (2) unfrozen tumor tissue fused with D98OR by exposure to 50% PEG appears
      optimal, (3) chromosome loss, as determined by flow cytometry studies of hybrid
      DNA content, is minimal, and (4) hybrids have characteristics consistent with
      derivation from tumor cells rather than derivation from the nonmalignant cells of
      a tumor.

PMID- 6584991
TI  - Uterine hyperstimulation and rupture after induction of labour with prostaglandin
      E2. Case reports.
AB  - Three patients are described in whom hyperstimulation of the uterus followed
      induction of labour with prostaglandin E2 tablets administered either orally or
      vaginally. All 3 patients were grand multiparas. Two patients sustained a
      ruptured uterus. It is concluded that the dangers of inducing labour in grand
      multiparas by means of this technique are no less than those associated with
      amniotomy and infusion of oxytocin. Recommendations concerning dosage schedules
      are made.

PMID- 6584992
TI  - [What we can learn from TMJ cases].

PMID- 6584993
TI  - [TMJ dysfunction due to deep overbite].

PMID- 6584994
TI  - [Mastication and teeth].

PMID- 6584995
TI  - [Regional differences in dental diseases].

PMID- 6584996
TI  - [Bacampicillin hydrochloride in surgical wound infections in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6584997
TI  - [1 case of so-called temporomandibular arthrosis].

PMID- 6584998
TI  - [Occlusal splint therapy in TMJ syndrome].

PMID- 6584999
TI  - [Diagnosis and management of temporomandibular arthrosis due to occlusal
      disturbances].

PMID- 6585000
TI  - [A case of jaw dysfunction related to psychosomatic factors rather than occlusal
      factors].

PMID- 6585001
TI  - [Intra-articular corticosteroid therapy in temporomandibular joint arthrosis].

PMID- 6585002
TI  - [New approaches to the treatment of temporomandibular dysfunction. Application of
      (1) air cushions and (2) cuspid-protected guidance].

PMID- 6585003
TI  - [An unusual case of temporomandibular arthrosis with striking tremor and spasm of
      the mandible].

PMID- 6585004
TI  - [The psychosomatic approach to temporomandibular arthrosis].

PMID- 6585005
TI  - [A case report of the prosthetic approach to TMJ-pain dysfunction].

PMID- 6585006
TI  - [The importance of terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase in myeloblastic
      leukemias. Apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 6585007
TI  - Primary osteosarcoma of the cervical spine causing neurological symptoms.
AB  - A case of primary osteosarcoma of the C-6 vertebra in a 39-year-old woman is
      described. The tumor presented with signs and symptoms of radicular involvement,
      which were successfully treated surgically. Osteosarcomas of the vertebral column
      are uncommon, and their localization in the cervical region is definitely rare.
      The literature on the subject is briefly reviewed.

PMID- 6585008
TI  - Third molar surgery: idiopathic perforation of lingual bone plate in the third
      molar region.

PMID- 6585009
TI  - [Hepatitis B vaccine and its dental connection].

PMID- 6585010
TI  - Third molar surgery: relationship of root to mandibular canal and injuries to the
      inferior dental nerve.

PMID- 6585011
TI  - Third molar surgery: perforation of the inferior dental nerve through the root.

PMID- 6585012
TI  - [Loss of information in the radiographic examination of the marginal periodontal
      bone using single bitewing-film].

PMID- 6585013
TI  - [Various reactions to local analgesics].

PMID- 6585014
TI  - [A comparison of the measurement of marginal periodontal bone loss as read from
      periapical and bitewing radiographs].

PMID- 6585015
TI  - [Lack of employment and working conditions among dental graduates in 1980-81].

PMID- 6585016
TI  - [Underestimation of marginal periodontal bone loss in periapical and bitewing
      radiographs].

PMID- 6585017
TI  - [Prevention of subacute bacterial endocarditis caused by dental treatment].

PMID- 6585018
TI  - [Preoperative radiographic examination of the mandibular 3rd molars using 4
      projections. 1. Technics].

PMID- 6585019
TI  - [Salivary immunologic reactions to cariogenic bacteria].

PMID- 6585020
TI  - [Autotransplantation of teeth with fully developed roots].

PMID- 6585021
TI  - [Organized dental care for 20-29-year-old patients in Vasternorrland. Results of
      a 5-year collaboration of public and private dental care].

PMID- 6585022
TI  - [Is the effect of low-fluoride content toothpaste sufficiently documented?].

PMID- 6585023
TI  - [Adjustment of restorations as a treatment method for patients with mandibular
      dysfunction].

PMID- 6585024
TI  - [Nutrition recommendations].

PMID- 6585025
TI  - [When is food cariogenic?].

PMID- 6585027
TI  - [What is selenium?].

PMID- 6585026
TI  - [Swedish children's diet and food habits].

PMID- 6585028
TI  - [Nutrition for the elderly today].

PMID- 6585030
TI  - [Dental care in children's literature--an analysis of a library's collection].

PMID- 6585029
TI  - [The dental status and food habits of patients in long-term medical outpatient
      care].

PMID- 6585031
TI  - [Dental care insurance 1974-1981].

PMID- 6585032
TI  - [Clinical occlusal physiology].

PMID- 6585033
TI  - [Familial mental retardation and the fragile X syndrome].
AB  - In a large kindred 24 mentally retarded persons (17 males and 7 females) were
      chromosomally investigated. An X-chromosomal abnormality was found in all. The
      aberration has been described as a fragile site at the end of the long arm: fra
      (X)(q27). In one of the normally functioning men the abnormality was found in 6%
      of the cells. It is not always possible to prove the presence of the fragile site
      in female carriers. We failed to do so in one of the six obligate carriers.
      Because of the high risk for children of carriers genetic counseling is
      important, but may not be easy.

PMID- 6585034
TI  - The effect of complement variation on HLA-DR sera.

PMID- 6585035
TI  - [Characteristics of phosphorus and calcium metabolism in the delayed
      consolidation of mandibular fragments].

PMID- 6585036
TI  - [Changes in the immunogenic characteristics of allogeneic jaw grafts preserved by
      different methods].

PMID- 6585037
TI  - [Biogenic amine and total protein content of the saliva and its release in caries
      of various degrees].

PMID- 6585038
TI  - [Experimental basis for using phosphates for caries prevention].

PMID- 6585039
TI  - [Characteristics of the immunological status of periodontosis patients].

PMID- 6585040
TI  - [Treatment of glossalgia based on pathogenetic factors].

PMID- 6585041
TI  - [Treatment of the initial stages of caries using drug electrophoresis].

PMID- 6585042
TI  - [Changes in capillary blood flow in the gingival papillae in gingivitis].

PMID- 6585044
TI  - [Clinical aspects and treatment of acute suppurative inflammatory processes of
      the maxillofacial area in diabetes mellitus patients].

PMID- 6585043
TI  - [Quantum hemotherapy in treating septic shock in patients with phlegmon of the
      face and neck].

PMID- 6585045
TI  - [Radiation and drug therapy of disseminated sarcomas of the maxilla].

PMID- 6585046
TI  - [Use of the Scalpel-l laser unit for treating maxillofacial tumors].

PMID- 6585047
TI  - [l-stage plastic repair of the lower lip with a U-shaped flap in the removal of
      precancerous and benign growths].

PMID- 6585048
TI  - [Internal suspension fixation of maxillary fractures in edentulous patients].

PMID- 6585049
TI  - [Recording somatosensory evoked potentials during the treatment of mandibular
      fractures using hyperbaric oxygenation].

PMID- 6585050
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint study by panoramic tomography].

PMID- 6585051
TI  - [Tongue injuries].

PMID- 6585052
TI  - [Anesthesia in the dental polyclinic for patients with central nervous system
      diseases].

PMID- 6585053
TI  - [Centralized patient rehabilitation in surgical dentistry].

PMID- 6585054
TI  - [Fixed dentures made of porcelain].

PMID- 6585055
TI  - [Functional restructuring of the maxillo-dental system in the loss of the
      masticatory teeth].

PMID- 6585056
TI  - [Use of the shadow moire method for studying temporomandibular joint
      dysfunction].

PMID- 6585057
TI  - [Clinico-roentgenologic manifestations of periodontal lesions in children with
      diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 6585058
TI  - [Masticatory muscle tonus in children with normal and open bites].

PMID- 6585059
TI  - [Prevention of wound suppuration after dental polyclinic operations].

PMID- 6585060
TI  - [Preparation of a lecture on oral surgery based on a combination of rational and
      emotional approaches].

PMID- 6585061
TI  - [A trend in improving the quality of the specialist dentist].

PMID- 6585062
TI  - [Dental deposits and their role in periodontal pathology (a review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 6585063
TI  - [Status and prospects of using amalgam in the therapeutic dentistry clinic].

PMID- 6585064
TI  - [Let us raise the quality of scientific publications].

PMID- 6585065
TI  - Sodium hyaluronate in cataract and intraocular lens surgery.
AB  - The use of sodium hyaluronate in 383 cases of Cataract extraction with primary
      lens implantation has been to be effective, non-toxic and safe. Chief uses are to
      protect the corneal endothelium during nucleus extraction and to maintain the
      anterior chamber depth during lens implantation and during iris suturing. It is
      important not to use excessive amounts and to dilute with miochol or salt
      solution during wound closure. Using these techniques sodium hyaluronate was
      found to be free from side effects and when timolol maleate was used b.d. from
      the close of surgery the incidence of postoperative ocular hypertension was found
      to be no different from that in a control group. Endothelial cell studies showed
      a cell loss of 13 per cent to be within the range previously established for
      intracapsular cataract surgery without lens implantation, and support a widening
      conviction that lens implantation may now be regarded as a safe procedure.

PMID- 6585067
TI  - Visco elastic glaucoma surgery.
AB  - Hyaluronic acid facilitates and maintains separation of dissected structures in
      glaucoma microsurgery, thus preventing complications during surgery and in the
      immediate postoperative phase. Goniotomy is more easily controlled and is safer.
      Hyaluronic acid can therefore be used in glaucoma microsurgery to keep prepared
      layers of tissue separated for longer and can enlarge newly created space and
      almost eliminate the adhesive forces between the layers. Using hyaluronic acid
      the safety of glaucoma microsurgery is enhanced and the complication rate
      reduced. High elastic viscous substances offer better technical possibilities in
      microsurgery. Further experience is necessary before a final judgement can be
      made on the advantages.

PMID- 6585066
TI  - Methylcellulose, a viscous cushioning material in ophthalmic surgery.
AB  - Methylcellulose has been used since 1976 to prevent damage to the corneal
      endothelium during operations for implantation of intraocular lenses. With a 2
      per cent solution of methylcellulose it is possible to maintain a space between
      the cornea and iris even if vitreous pressure is present to operate without risk
      to the corneal endothelium. This paper demonstrates the safety of the intraocular
      use of methylcellulose based on the results of over 700 operations. The substance
      is cheap, universally available, and can be easily prepared for intraocular use.

PMID- 6585068
TI  - Visco elastic materials in the surgery of ocular trauma.
AB  - There has been much interest in the value of sodium hyaluronate during cataract
      surgery. It may have even greater advantage in the management of severe ocular
      trauma, offering safety margins not otherwise available. This discussion of the
      use of visco elastic materials in the surgery of ocular trauma is limited to
      experience with sodium hyaluronate. Reports of results with other products are
      centred on their advantages for intra-ocular lens surgery.

PMID- 6585069
TI  - Raised intraocular pressure and other problems with sodium hyaluronate and
      cataract surgery.
AB  - Raised intraocular pressure is confirmed to be the principal complication
      following the use of sodium hyaluronate in cataract surgery and the value of the
      'piping technique' limiting the use of sodium hyaluronate to the wound edges is
      demonstrated in reducing this hypertensive response. Difficulties with technique,
      differentiation between vitreous and sodium hyaluronate, damping effects and has
      dissipation fall into the category of problems rather than complications. A
      double cannula is described to remove as much sodium hyaluronate as possible at
      the end of surgery.

PMID- 6585070
TI  - The use of visco elastic materials in the posterior segment.

PMID- 6585071
TI  - Referral pattern of true and suspected glaucoma to an adult ophthalmic outpatient
      clinic.

PMID- 6585072
TI  - Argon laser trabeculoplasty for open angle glaucoma. A retrospective study of 380
      eyes.
AB  - Three hundred and eighty eyes of 300 patients which were treated with argon laser
      trabeculoplasty for medically uncontrolled open angle glaucoma were studied
      retrospectively. Among the 334 eyes having at least six weeks follow up, the mean
      overall pressure drop was 8.1 mm Hg. In 19.2 per cent of eyes, pressure was
      inadequately controlled by laser treatment and subsequent glaucoma surgery was
      required. Phakic primary chronic open angle glaucoma (COAG), aphakic COAG,
      pseudoexfoliation, pigmentary, and low tension glaucoma eyes all had a
      significant drop in pressure. Eyes with juvenile glaucoma or inflammatory
      glaucoma had a much poorer response in terms of mean pressure drop and number
      requiring later operation. There was no statistically significant difference in
      response between aphakic and phakic coag eyes, between pseudoexfoliation and
      phakic COAG eyes, or between eyes treated over the full 360 degrees and eyes
      treated over half the angle with treatment over the second half later if needed.
      A higher initial pressure usually resulted in a greater lowering of pressure.
      Medication was reduced after treatment in 28.7 per cent of eyes. The data suggest
      that the effect of laser trabeculoplasty generally persists for at least one
      year. Complications were few, the most serious being elevated intraocular
      pressure, which rose 10 mm Hg or more in 2.1 per cent of all eyes.

PMID- 6585073
TI  - Tear film changes in health and dry eye conditions.

PMID- 6585074
TI  - Hereditary puzzles in albinism: heterogeneity or phenotypical variation?
AB  - Important new evidence is now available which is making clearer the genetic
      factors underlying inherited deficiency of pigmentation, both in its
      oculocutaneous form, and in that (apparently) limited to the eye. Among 32
      individuals with oculo-cutaneous albinism, described by the author in 1978, were
      two families with apparent pheno-typical variation. To explain this, further
      studies by light- and electron-microscopy are reported here, together with
      metabolic tests, and the results of tests of the visually evoked cerebral
      responses. The idea of 'non-complementary allelism' is suggested as a possible
      explanation. Support for the thesis of genetic heterogeneity is given by the
      evidence of non-allelic albino-albino marriages, more of which have been reported
      since Trevor-Roper's classic instance, including another possible example from my
      previously reported pedigree in 1981.

PMID- 6585075
TI  - The branchial arch syndromes.
AB  - Malformation of those structures derived from the first and second branchial
      arches are frequently accompanied by ocular and adnexal abnormalities.
      Ophthalmologists should recognize the various syndromes involved so as to ensure
      appropriate multi-system evaluation of their patients, and the avoidance of
      potentially life threatening complications. The features of the major branchial
      arch syndromes are reviewed, and some of the concepts of pathogenesis considered.
      In particular, those teratogenic influences which might also explain some
      associated ophthalmic disorders, are discussed.

PMID- 6585076
TI  - The ocular complications of erythema multiforme (Stevens Johnson syndrome) and
      their management.
AB  - Acute ocular complications of erythema multiforme such as infection causing
      conjunctivitis, suppurative keratitis or endophthalmitis are well recognized and
      usually easily managed. Late complications include disorders to tear production
      and drainage, position of lids, abberant or metaplastic lashes and metaplasia of
      the conjunctiva. Early detection and active management of these abnormalities
      greatly improves the long term prognosis. The techniques employed and the
      indications for their use in a recent series of 34 patients are presented.

PMID- 6585077
TI  - Visual field defects in medico-legal cases.
AB  - A retrospective survey of the incidence of spiral visual fields, both bilateral
      and unilateral, in a group of 1,143 cases seen for the purpose of giving a medico
      legal opinion is described.

PMID- 6585078
TI  - A classification and review the causes of discharging sockets.
AB  - This paper presents a classification of the causes of socket discharge with a
      review of new patients attending the Prosthetic Clinic. The aim of classifying
      socket discharge is to allow more accurate diagnosis of its cause and thus more
      effective treatment of this distressing symptom.

PMID- 6585079
TI  - Management of retinal detachments associated with macular breaks.
AB  - The findings and results of treatment are reported in 20 eyes with retinal
      detachment associated with a macular break. The management of such detachments is
      discussed in relation to their pathogenesis.

PMID- 6585080
TI  - Clinical significance of anti-Lan.

PMID- 6585081
TI  - Chronic neutrophilic leukemia and myeloma. Report on long survival.
AB  - A case of chronic neutrophilic leukemia associated with multiple myeloma is
      described. The patient appears to be the longest surviving case reported in the
      literature. Since myeloma developed several years after leukemia, the possible
      precancerous role of myeloproliferative syndromes is proposed.

PMID- 6585082
TI  - Paraplegia after intrathecal administration of methotrexate.

PMID- 6585084
TI  - [Bilateral peritonsillar abscess].

PMID- 6585083
TI  - [Fatal suppurative dissecting peritonsillar abscess].

PMID- 6585085
TI  - Parosteal osteosarcoma with pulmonary metastases in a cat.

PMID- 6585086
TI  - The forging of illness.

PMID- 6585087
TI  - Intracoronary streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction (a case study).

PMID- 6585088
TI  - 'Smoking and pregnancy' kit available.

PMID- 6585089
TI  - Discouraging the smoking habit.

PMID- 6585090
TI  - Peritonsillar abscess associated with Corynebacterium hemolyticum.

PMID- 6585091
TI  - [The prostaglandin and thromboxane system of the gastric mucosa as a target for
      protective and ulcerogenic drugs].
AB  - Human gastric mucosa synthesizes significant amounts of thromboxane, which has
      recently been found to be highly ulcerogenic, in addition to protective
      prostaglandins. The ratio of the various mucosal arachidonic acid metabolites
      formed may, therefore, exert a modifying influence on the resistance of the
      mucosa against noxious agents. This hypothesis is supported by the finding that
      carbenoxolone, a drug accelerating peptic ulcer healing by a mechanism which does
      not involve inhibition of acid secretion, stimulates gastric mucosal
      prostaglandin formation and, in parallel, inhibits mucosal thromboxane synthesis.
      Ulcerogenic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, on the other hand, usually
      reduce gastric prostaglandin formation. The inhibitory activity of the various
      compounds is dependent on their affinity to the gastric mucosal cyclooxygenase,
      as well as on pharmacokinetic properties. Since gastrointestinal side-effects
      frequently occur during anti-inflammatory-analgesic therapy, the elucidation of
      the underlying mechanisms seems of considerable clinical relevance.

PMID- 6585092
TI  - Prospects for the control of leprosy in Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 6585093
TI  - Review of surgical mortality.
AB  - An analysis of surgical deaths over a seven-year period (1975-1981) at Port
      Moresby General Hospital is reported. Malignancy is the leading cause of death,
      followed by trauma. Hepatoma appears to be the commonest malignancy. 52% of
      septicaemic deaths occurred due to abdominal sepsis arising mainly due to delayed
      presentation of acute abdominal catastrophes. A plea for a separate Burns Unit is
      made, to reduce deaths from burn sepsis.

PMID- 6585094
TI  - Riboflavin deficiency in Madang infants.
AB  - 83 healthy infants in Madang were screened for haematological variables and
      riboflavin status. 70 (84%) had evidence of riboflavin deficiency. It is
      suggested that pregnant and lactating women in this area may be deficient, and
      that riboflavin deficiency may protect infants against malaria.

PMID- 6585095
TI  - Serum levels of quinine following intramuscular administration to children.
AB  - The serum quinine level was assayed in 31 children four hours after receiving an
      intramuscular injection of quinine dihydrochloride; in 14 children the level was
      also assayed 2 hours after the injection. The quinine was quickly absorbed from
      muscle, with serum quinine levels being significantly higher at 2 hours than at 4
      hours. The injections were not particularly painful, and muscle necrosis was not
      observed. Quinine is rapidly absorbed following intramuscular injection, and is a
      safe and reliable method of administering the drug to children with severe
      malaria. In most situations in Papua New Guinea (PNG), intramuscular
      administration of quinine is preferable to intravenous infusion.

PMID- 6585097
TI  - A survey of hearing defects in students of four Eastern Highlands high schools.
AB  - Unrecognized physical defects may result in educational problems. The Guidance
      Branch of the Education Department in collaboration with the Papua New Guinea
      Institute of Medical Research has demonstrated that screening for hearing loss in
      high school students in the Highlands by Guidance Branch officers is feasible.
      Six percent of students in their first year at four Eastern Highlands High
      Schools were found to have significant hearing loss in at least one ear.

PMID- 6585096
TI  - Educating mothers: how effective are MCH clinics?
AB  - Detailed records were kept of interactions between nurses, mothers and children
      at 18 child health clinics run from six centres in Madang Province, Papua New
      Guinea. The time spent with mother and child was rarely more than two minutes.
      Family planning advice was given to only one mother and nutrition advice to
      mothers of one-quarter of the underweight children. Most of the time was spent
      weighing, examining and treating children. Nurses of these teams clearly give low
      priority to nutrition and family planning education. This is the result of
      several factors. These include the way clinics are organized, the structure of
      the health service and the attitudes and motivation of nurses. One way of
      promoting the preventive and educational role of clinics would be to make them
      problem-oriented, focusing on at-risk families rather than individual children.
      This would help nurses to set goals and to see the rewards of their work.

PMID- 6585098
TI  - Emerging asthma in the Okapa district of the Eastern Highlands province of Papua
      New Guinea: the problem and its implications.
AB  - This study found a high prevalence of asthma in 1800 residents of eight villages
      of the South Fore people in the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea. The
      prevalence in adults (7%) is amongst the highest reported in the world, but the
      disease is practically absent in children. Whilst the features of the disease are
      similar to those previously described for asthma in Papua New Guineans, the
      prevalence is very much higher. Evidence from medical officers and the indigenous
      population indicates that the disease has only become noticeably prevalent in
      this area within the last decade, about two decades after first contact with
      Europeans. The asthma is associated with considerable impairment of resting lung
      function and is an important source of morbidity and more recently of mortality
      in these villages. Treatment is unsatisfactory because of both logistic and
      financial constraints. There is an urgent need for further epidemiological
      studies of asthma in both the Eastern Highlands Province and elsewhere in the
      country.

PMID- 6585099
TI  - Asthma: management of the severe attack in the adult.

PMID- 6585100
TI  - Alcohol and the liver. A review of pathogenetic mechanisms and newer treatment
      approaches.
AB  - A great deal has been learned about the hepatotoxicity of ethanol in the past two
      decades. Possible mechanisms of hepatic damage have been elucidated in animal and
      human experimental situations, and much has been learned about those factors
      which may hasten or facilitate the production of liver injury. All the answers to
      the difficult question of individual susceptibility have yet to be provided. Some
      progress has been made in the management of alcohol related liver injury, but
      again much more needs to be made. Abstinence remains the cornerstone of therapy
      in patients with alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. The roles of colchicine,
      amino-acid therapy and propylthiouracil are still being determined. The most
      important message for the physician in 1983 remains: Prevent alcohol related
      liver disease.

PMID- 6585101
TI  - Community medicine: education and practice.

PMID- 6585102
TI  - The epidemiology of hypertension in the South Pacific.
AB  - A review of published reports shows that in many South Pacific populations blood
      pressure does not rise with age. This contrasts with Western societies where
      hypertension and coronary heart disease are major health problems. There is
      evidence that hypertension is now becoming a problem in some Pacific societies
      and this seems to be related to increasing urbanization and westernization.

PMID- 6585103
TI  - An anti-smoking movement for Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 6585104
TI  - Low cost external fixation for compound tibial fractures.
AB  - A simple low cost external fixation device for the treatment of severe compound
      tibial fractures in Papua New Guinea is described.

PMID- 6585105
TI  - Bilateral Burkitt's tumour of the ovary and acute appendicitis.
AB  - A case of Burkitt's Lymphoma involving both ovaries symmetrically, associated
      with acute appendicitis is presented. It occurred in a prepubertal girl, who
      subsequently died.

PMID- 6585106
TI  - Seat belts, road safety, society and surgeons.

PMID- 6585107
TI  - Legislation to protect breast feeding.
AB  - An International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes was passed by the
      World Health Assembly in 1981. Papua New Guinea had already introduced
      legislation to control feeding bottles in 1977. This legislation has been
      effective in reducing bottle feeding, severe malnutrition and diarrhoeal diseases
      and deaths amongst infants in Port Moresby. Several favourable conditions in
      Papua New Guinea have allowed the legislation to be successful, but constant
      vigilance is necessary to maintain the present success.

PMID- 6585108
TI  - [Complications in pregnancy following abortion induced with PGF2 alpha ].
AB  - The influence of induced abortion on the subsequent pregnancy by intermittent
      intrauterine extraamniotic application of PG F2 alpha was studied in 159
      secundigravidae. The results are compared with courses of pregnancy after
      conventional interruption and after induced abortion by extraamniotic application
      of glucose (Kovacs). The investigations demonstrate the efficiency of cervical
      dilatation with PG F2 alpha for interruption in primigravidae.

PMID- 6585109
TI  - Further data on the association of unexplained high transcortin levels with
      lymphoproliferative malignancies on the one hand and certain HLA haplotypes on
      the other hand.

PMID- 6585110
TI  - Intermediate dose methotrexate and recurrent pleural effusions.

PMID- 6585112
TI  - [Establishment of Shay granulocytic sarcoma cell line].

PMID- 6585111
TI  - Effects of carbenoxolone on gastric release of prostaglandin (PG)E2 in patients
      with peptic ulcer disease.

PMID- 6585113
TI  - [Dynamic analysis of leukemia cells by microfluorometry].

PMID- 6585114
TI  - [Birbeck-like granules in 3 cases of acute leukemia in children].

PMID- 6585115
TI  - Diagnosis of epilepsy.
AB  - Essential in the diagnosis of epilepsy are repeated seizures due to discharge of
      electrical activity in the brain neurons, occurring without massive provocation.
      It is important to differentiate between epileptic seizures from syncopal
      reactions, cardiac dysrhythmias, vascular causes, metabolic disturbances, and
      psychogenic seizures. The type of seizure should always be established. It is of
      utmost importance to find the primary etiology of the seizure and to clarify the
      role of predisposing factors and the risk for seizure recurrence. Numerous
      important technical advances in the last few years have been of great benefit in
      the examination of patients with suspected epilepsy. It is worth keeping in mind,
      however, that the diagnosis of epilepsy is a clinical diagnosis, and it is not
      proper to speak of epilepsy until the patient has had two or more epileptic
      seizures within a relatively short interval and without massive provocation.

PMID- 6585116
TI  - Practical aspects in the treatment of epilepsy.
AB  - The different forms of epilepsy require different treatment, and drug choice
      depends on certain pharmacological and pharmacokinetic principles. Optimal
      treatment is based on single drug therapy, if possible, and monitoring of plasma
      antiepileptic drug levels. Such treatment, together with clinical observations
      and the cooperation of a well-informed patient, will achieve the best seizure
      control. Nevertheless, seizure recurrence or increased seizure frequency is a
      possibility. When withdrawal of treatment is indicated, it must be done according
      to certain principles. The possibility of pregnancy must be considered when
      choosing antiepileptic drugs for fertile women. Drug kinetics are different
      during pregnancy, and frequent monitoring and adjustment of the regimen are
      essential. Special care is necessary during delivery because of a higher risk of
      complications and apparently increased perinatal mortality. Plasma half-life of
      antiepileptic drugs may be increased or decreased in newborns. Slow elimination
      of diazepam contributes a special risk. Breast feeding is safe in most cases, but
      phenobarbital and diazepam may cause sedation of the infant.

PMID- 6585117
TI  - Continuous monitoring of plasma antiepileptic drug levels.
AB  - Quantitative knowledge of the fate of antiepileptic drugs in individual patients
      is useful in the prevention, explanation, and correction of subtherapeutic and
      toxicity-causing regimens. Several variables, such as age and co-medication,
      require adaptation of the regimen. An interactive computer-assisted laboratory
      reporting service provides a data base with epidemiological options that helps in
      the daily management of patients and can supply information on pharmacokinetic
      parameters, local, regional, and national drug utilization, and disease
      frequency. Some treatment variables are quantitatively predictable, but many
      others require individual monitoring of clinical, behavioral, and laboratory
      observations by a multidisciplinary team of experts. Intensive monitoring by an
      epilepsy team in an institution for mentally retarded patients has allowed
      conclusions on the value of therapeutic substances, reduction of the number of
      simultaneously administered drugs, and seizure registration.

PMID- 6585118
TI  - Alkaline phosphatase activity and tetracycline incorporation during initial
      orthodontic tooth movement in rats.
AB  - The activity of alkaline phosphatase and the incorporation of tetracycline as
      signs of bone formation were studied after orthodontic tooth movement for 10 h to
      6 days in rats. Defined low or high forces were used. A moderate activity of non
      specific alkaline phosphatase was found in the periodontal membrane (PDM) in
      untreated rats and in rats treated with low forces. In addition, all bone
      surfaces were outlined with a narrow band of intense non-specific alkaline
      phosphatase activity that was vanadate- and levamisole-resistant. Likewise,
      tetracycline was incorporated on all bone surfaces. The bone formation rate was
      low and uniform within the alveolus, indicating that no intra-alveolar drift of
      the molar occurred in the untreated rats. Orthodontic forces gradually inhibited
      vanadate- and levamisole-resistant alkaline phosphatases and tetracycline
      incorporation on the bone surfaces in the pressure zones of the PDM, depending on
      the magnitude of the force. It was suggested that the disappearance of these
      isoenzymes, in a limited area, as seen in the pressure zones, was associated with
      inhibited bone formation and subsequent initiation of bone resorption. On the
      tension side a slight reduction and redistribution of vanadate- and levamisole
      resistant alkaline phosphatase activity could be noted irrespective of the
      magnitude of the applied force.

PMID- 6585119
TI  - Membrane junctions between odontoblasts and associated cells. A freeze-fracture
      study of the human odontoblastic cell layer with special reference to its nerve
      supply.
AB  - The relationship between odontoblasts and adjacent cell structures within the
      odontoblastic cell layer was analyzed by means of the freeze-fracturing
      technique. Two principal forms of interodontoblastic cell structures were found.
      The first was tubular or thread-like in appearance, having a general diameter
      around 0.1-1.0 micron. From morphological criteria these were believed to
      represent small, unmyelinated nerve fibers. The second type of cell structure
      found between odontoblasts was more irregular and heterogeneous in outline, and
      often lamellar or branched. These slender formations sometimes proved to
      constitute cellular projections from adjacent odontoblasts or neighboring,
      subodontoblastic fibroblasts. Both the nerve-like fibers and the irregular
      branched cells between the odontoblasts showed morphological contact areas with
      odontoblastic cell bodies. At these sites the intracellular distances were
      reduced, and characteristic gap junctional complexes occurred. Nerve ending
      specialization or membrane structures indicating the presence of chemical
      synapses on the odontoblastic cell surface were not observed.

PMID- 6585120
TI  - Curing depth of visible light-activated composites.
AB  - Three composites, two microfilled (Heliosit and Silux) and one macrofilled
      (Prisma-Fil), were exposed to visible light from three different light units. The
      depth of the cure was estimated by measuring the length of the test specimen
      after removing the uncured material. The macrofilled composite cured to a greater
      depth than the microfilled materials. The curing depth of Heliosit was lower, of
      Silux about the same, and of Prisma-Fil higher than the values of curing depth
      given by the manufacturers. The shade of the pastes influenced the curing depth
      of the macrofilled more than that of the microfilled composites. Doubling the
      exposure time increased the curing depth by about 1/3. Exposure through tooth
      substance reduced the curing depth by at least 1/3. The curing effectivity of
      Prisma-Lite was slightly greater than that of Heliomat and the 3M unit.

PMID- 6585121
TI  - Auger electron spectroscopy of iron in dental pellicle from stainers and non
      stainers.
AB  - Stainers and non-stainers were selected on the basis of their individual tendency
      to develop extrinsic tooth discolorations from a chlorhexidine mouth rinse.
      Pellicle was allowed to form in vivo on dental enamel slabs in both stainers and
      non-stainers. The slabs were then exposed to chlorhexidine 0.2% and a neutral
      iron salt solution extraorally either once or until a brownish discoloration
      appeared from the stainers. The pellicle was examined for its content and
      distribution of iron by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Pellicle from stainers
      showed higher concentrations of iron than pellicle from non-stainers.

PMID- 6585122
TI  - Oral malignant and premalignant changes in 'Shammah'-users from the Gizan region,
      Saudi Arabia.
AB  - A survey of the oral mucosa in 661 of the people living in various geographical
      locations of the Gizan region has been carried out. Mucosal lesions compatible
      with 'oral leukoplakia' have been found to affect approximately 68% of the users
      of the native snuff known as 'Shammah'. The lesions were almost always at the
      site where 'Shammah' was habitually held. Histological examination of biopsy
      specimens obtained from 29 different individuals revealed squamous cell carcinoma
      in 7 cases and carcinoma in situ in 2 cases, whereas the remaining specimens
      showed ortho- and para-hyperkeratosis, some of which also had premalignant
      changes. The results of this study point to a possible causal relationship
      between the use of 'Shammah' and the development of oral premalignant and
      malignant lesions among snuff-dippers in the Gizan region.

PMID- 6585123
TI  - Ductility of a dental Ag-Pd-Cu-Au alloy.
AB  - A silver-palladium type of dental alloy for fixed restorations has been
      investigated with regard to the ability of the material to be plastically
      deformed in uniaxial tensile testing after two different age-hardening
      treatments. A certain degree of ductility is required for the burnishing of the
      margins. Aged to peak hardness at 350 degrees C after solid-solution annealing at
      900 degrees C, the material was found to be brittle owing to a reaction zone
      along the grain boundaries, promoting an intergranular fracture. When the age
      hardening temperature was lowered to 275 degrees C, a less pronounced reaction
      zone along the grain boundaries could be observed. The accompanying mechanical
      properties after precipitation hardening at 275 degrees C are probably an
      acceptable compromise between mechanical strength and ductility. Small particles
      along grain boundaries and brittleness were also found after solid-solution
      annealing at 900 degrees C and quenching. It is suggested that the improved
      ductility after subsequent aging at 275 degrees C is due to a coarsening of these
      small particles. In the as-cast condition the alloy was softer and more ductile
      than in the age-hardened state.

PMID- 6585124
TI  - Hepatitis B serum markers and oral health in a group of Norwegian male prisoners.
AB  - In 138 male Norwegian prisoners the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) serum
      markers was 30.4% and closely related to their drug abuse. The highest frequency
      of the markers (82.8%) was found in young drug addicts admitting intravenous
      abuse and the lowest (14.3%) in prisoners denying such abuse. For comparison, the
      frequency of HBV serum markers in the general male population in Norway is about
      4.1%. In young prisoners (less than 30 years), DMF teeth, percentage of gingival
      bleeding, and percentage of periodontal pockets greater than 4 mm were on an
      average 18.8, 38.2%, and 7.0%, respectively. These corresponding figures in the
      older age group (greater than 30 years) were 21.7, 38.5%, and 15.2%. These
      findings indicate a dental health status somewhere between that of the general
      population and disadvantaged groups in Norway previously surveyed. Other oral
      pathological conditions were present in more than one third of the prisoners, but
      mucosal lesions and disorders of psychosomatic origin did not extend normal
      ranges. No characteristic lesions attributable to drug abuse were observed.
      Dental care was given a low priority by the prisoners. Emergency procedures had
      been the treatment of choice at infrequent, irregular visits to the dentist,
      leading to enhanced risk of bleeding and of HBV transmission.

PMID- 6585125
TI  - [Treatment of patients with chronic myelosis during blast transformation].

PMID- 6585126
TI  - Height, weight and mortality. The Norwegian experience.

PMID- 6585127
TI  - Treatment of malignant brain tumours with ACNU and phenobarbital: continuous
      infusion of ACNU into internal carotid artery and systemic administration of
      phenobarbital.
AB  - Thirteen patients with malignant brain tumours were treated by continuous intra
      carotid infusion of ACNU in combination with systemic administration of
      phenobarbital. This aimed to maintain an ACNU concentration around the tumour
      cells higher for a relatively longer period and to make an ACNU concentration in
      the systemic circulation lower. Improvements on clinical states and CT findings
      were observed in 10 patients. The protective effect of phenobarbital against bone
      marrow suppression by ACNU was also suggested in this study. No complications
      were experienced in this treatment. This results strongly suggested that this
      technique is useful to treat patients with malignant brain tumours.

PMID- 6585128
TI  - [The vestibulum oris and the vestibular plate in Class II/1].

PMID- 6585129
TI  - [The gonial angle and the growth of the craniofacial complex].

PMID- 6585130
TI  - [Electron microscopy study of the marginal interspace].

PMID- 6585131
TI  - [The uptake and elimination of lead from the teeth of young and adult rats].

PMID- 6585132
TI  - [Incidence of inflammatory changes in the tissues under upper complete dentures].

PMID- 6585133
TI  - [Tooth roots in the maxillary sinus].

PMID- 6585134
TI  - [Accidental drug poisoning with oral manifestations].

PMID- 6585135
TI  - [Retrograde filling of the root canal with amalgam].

PMID- 6585136
TI  - HLA A, B and DR typing in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: a search for immune
      response factors.
AB  - Several autoimmune diseases have been associated with increased frequencies of
      various histocompatibility antigen (HLA) types that may be linked to immune
      response genes. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) has been proposed as a
      disease with autoimmune features, but HLA associations have not been evaluated.
      We performed HLA typing in 37 consecutive patients with IDC. Patients with
      habitual alcoholism were excluded. Results showed that no single HLA type could
      account for most cases; IDC is a genetically heterogeneous disease. However,
      uneven distributions were noted for certain types. Haplotype frequency of B27 was
      0.145 in patients vs 0.033 in 5,726 local control subjects (p less than 0.001).
      Other A and B frequencies (except A2) were evenly distributed. HLA DR typing also
      revealed differences. The DR4 locus was present in 54% (19 of 35) of patients, vs
      32% (26 of 82) of blood bank control subjects (p less than 0.02). The associated
      relative risk of DR4 was 2.2 and the etiologic fraction 0.29. Sex, disease
      chronicity, functional class, ejection fraction and biopsy evidence of
      myocarditis did not distinguish DR4-positive from DR4-negative patients, but they
      were older (54 +/- 12 vs 42 +/- 14 years, p less than 0.02). Of note, 68% were
      positive for DR4 or B27, or both. HLA DR6Y was underrepresented; it was present
      in 9% (3 of 35) of patients, vs 26% (21 of 82) of control subjects (p less than
      0.04). The relative risk of DR6Y was 0.27 and the preventive fraction 0.19. These
      associations will require independent confirmation. However, they suggest that
      genetically determined immune response factors associated with HLA loci may play
      a role in pathogenesis in certain patients with IDC.

PMID- 6585137
TI  - Primary colonic plasmacytoma associated with acute myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - We present a case of primary colonic plasmacytoma associated with acute
      myelogenous leukemia in a 32-year-old man. The neoplastic plasma cells revealed
      monoclonal lambda-light chains in the cytoplasm using immunoperoxidase
      techniques. Histochemical and electron microscopic findings are described with a
      review of the literature.

PMID- 6585139
TI  - Easy calculations of lod scores and genetic risks on small computers.
AB  - A computer program that calculates lod scores and genetic risks for a wide
      variety of both qualitative and quantitative genetic traits is discussed. An
      illustration is given of the joint use of a genetic marker, affection status, and
      quantitative information in counseling situations regarding Duchenne muscular
      dystrophy.

PMID- 6585138
TI  - An unusual "morphologic" variant of BF S.
AB  - In the course of family studies of haplotypes of the alleles of the sixth
      chromosome loci HLA-A, C, B, D/DR, BF, C2, C4A, C4B, and glyoxalase I, we
      encountered an unusual BF variant. Its mobility was similar to BF F but it
      appeared to have a lesser intensity after straining with Coomassie Blue, and it
      was demonstrated by crossed immunoelectrophoresis to be present in lower
      concentration. It was therefore designated BF FQL. This variant was found on the
      haplotype HLA-A1, B17, DR7, BF*FQL, C2*C, C4A*6, C4B*1, GLO2. All other
      haplotypes of this type so far identified carry the BF variant BF S. Following
      activation of serum samples with zymosan, BF was analyzed by both agarose
      electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing and immunofixation. On both treatments,
      serum with BF SFQL produced a Ba pattern identical to that of a sample which was
      BF S. The Bb pattern for F and S are similar but differ from those of the rare
      variants BF F1 and BF S1. The Bb pattern of BF FQL was, thus, as expected, the
      same as BF F or BF S. Hence, we conclude that the variant is a mutant from BF S
      with mobility similar to BF F. The mutation seemed also to have resulted in a
      lower concentration of product than normal.

PMID- 6585140
TI  - A large kindred with X-linked mental retardation, marker X and macroorchidism.
AB  - Thirty-eight members of a black kindred with mental retardation and the Marker X
      were studied. Ten of 14 affected males, 6 of 6 affected females, 18 carriers or
      possible carriers, and 7 normal males were examined. Eight of 9 affected males
      who could be measured had macroorchidism, but their ears and mandibles were not
      prominent. No distinct facies were evident, although minor anomalies, such as a
      slight pectus, were present in some. Clinical diagnosis in the absence of a
      strongly positive family history may be even more difficult among prepubertal
      black children than in whites. The risk of retardation among children of carriers
      was estimated at 20-40%.

PMID- 6585141
TI  - Folate metabolism in cells from fragile X syndrome patients and carriers.
AB  - The in vitro folate sensitivity of the fragile site at Xq27 and the claims of a
      beneficial response of patients given folic acid prompted us to examine the
      folate metabolism in cells cultured from fragile X syndrome patients and
      carriers. Using Epstein-Barr virus we established permanent lymphoblastoid lines
      from 4 fragile X syndrome males and 3 carriers from 7 families. All these lines
      expressed the fragile site when 0.1 microM 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR) was added
      to the cultures 24 hr prior to harvest; thus, the lines seemed suitable for
      seeking an intrinsic defect. Fragile X syndrome patient and carrier lines and
      normal control cell lines did not differ in regard to folate requirement for
      growth, the ability to use homocysteine in place of methionine, the ability to
      utilize reduced folates as the sole folate source, or methotrexate sensitivity.
      These results suggest that no intrinsic defect in folate metabolism is present in
      fragile X syndrome cells.

PMID- 6585142
TI  - Genetic analysis of sodium-lithium countertransport in 10 hypertension-prone
      kindreds.
AB  - The rate of sodium-lithium countertransport (SLC flux) across red cell membranes
      has been reported to be elevated in hypertensive persons and their relatives as
      compared to normotensive individuals without family histories of hypertension. We
      have investigated the inheritance of this trait in 434 persons from 10 kindreds.
      Relatives show positive correlation of SLC flux values, but there is no spouse
      spouse correlation. Pedigree analysis favors a model of polygenic inheritance
      over models of major-gene inheritance. Major-gene index statistics and offspring
      between-parent statistics provide similar results. The proportion of total
      phenotypic variance that is attributable to polygenic differences between persons
      is estimated at 71%. The SLC flux values of hypertensive persons in this study
      population are lower than those reported from Boston, but are similar to those
      reported from Europe. We found a broad overlap of SLC flux values for
      hypertensive and normotensive persons. We conclude that SLC flux probably is not
      useful as a preclinical marker for essential hypertension.

PMID- 6585143
TI  - Utilizing automated methods to improve estimates of recurrence risk with linked
      genetic markers.
AB  - Information on linked markers can greatly improve estimates of recurrence risk
      for genetic disorders. However, when linkage is incomplete, utilizing the
      information in genetic counseling requires complex, repetitive calculations to
      estimate correct risks whenever the parental linkage phase is not precisely
      known. This paper demonstrates with examples how the computer program LIPED can
      be used for any pedigree to estimate risk precisely within bounds determined only
      by confidence limits on the recombination fraction.

PMID- 6585144
TI  - Mosaic inversion duplication of chromosome 15 without phenotypic effect:
      occurrence in a father and daughter.
AB  - A mosaic marker chromosome was observed in 2 generations. Multiple staining
      techniques identified it as an inverted duplication of chromosome 15 (inv dup 15)
      derived from the paternal grandmother. Although this inv dup 15 included a
      central R band, there was no noticeable phenotypic effect.

PMID- 6585145
TI  - Chromosome analysis in cases of disputed parentage.

PMID- 6585146
TI  - A soft-tissue cephalometric analysis and its use in orthodontic treatment
      planning. Part II.
AB  - To summarize, the soft-tissue profile can vary in many ways and still be in
      balance and harmony. There is a wide range of acceptability regarding soft-tissue
      chin position in the profile. Both the lips and the chin should line up near the
      H line, but we need to look at the upper lip from a different perspective or in
      its relation to a line perpendicular to the Frankfort plane and tangent to the
      vermilion border to be certain that we are planning the best possible lip support
      for the case at hand. The H angle, allowing a few degrees for soft-tissue
      thickness variability, must increase as the basic skeletal convexity increases,
      and as the convexity increases, the lower incisors will need to be left farther
      forward than in a straight or concave skeletal profile. A thick integumental
      covering in the chin area can also effectively align the lower facial profile
      where lower incisors are farther forward than we are accustomed to seeing them.
      This principle can also be applied by surgically moving the bony chin forward
      until the three key soft-tissue points line up. Because there are wide variations
      in skeletal convexity, standardizing the position of the lower incisor to its
      apical base support as measured in the Frankfort mandibular incisor angle fails
      to recognize that upper incisors can be retracted too far, leaving a
      "streamlined" upper lip which is not esthetically pleasing. Locating the lower
      incisor in relation to the expected point A to pogonion line is somewhat better
      but still fails to recognize the wide range of variability in the thickness of
      the lips and soft-tissue chin. We must also guard against "dishing" those cases
      having good facial balance with quite normal skeletal convexity and only 5 mm or
      6 mm of lower arch length discrepancy. Finally, it is completely practical as a
      treatment-planning procedure to approach the proposed orthodontic changes from a
      soft-tissue analysis perspective, making changes only to the point where the best
      possible soft-tissue profile is established, and then compute the tooth movement
      necessary to develop ideal profile relationships. The visualized treatment
      objective, or VTO, is the vehicle that I use to accomplish this.

PMID- 6585147
TI  - Mechanics of tooth movement.
AB  - Orthodontic forces can be treated mathematically as vectors. When more than one
      force is applied to a tooth, the forces can be combined to determine a single
      overall resultant. Forces can also be divided into components in order to
      determine effects parallel and perpendicular to the occlusal plane, Frankfort
      horizontal, or the long axis of the tooth. Forces produce either translation
      (bodily movement), rotation, or a combination of translation and rotation,
      depending upon the relationship of the line of action of the force to the center
      of resistance of the tooth. The tendency to rotate is due to the moment of the
      force, which is equal to force magnitude multiplied by the perpendicular distance
      of the line of action to the center of resistance. The only force system that can
      produce pure rotation (a moment with no net force) is a couple, which is two
      equal and opposite, noncolinear but parallel forces. The movement of a tooth (or
      a set of teeth) can be described through the use of a center of rotation. The
      ratio between the net moment and net force on a tooth (M/F ratio) with reference
      to the center of resistance determines the center of rotation. Since most forces
      are applied at the bracket, it is necessary to compute equivalent force systems
      at the center of resistance in order to predict tooth movement. A graph of the
      M/F ratio plotted against the center of rotation illustrates the precision
      required for controlled tooth movement.

PMID- 6585148
TI  - The effect of Le Fort I maxillary impaction on nasal airway resistance.
AB  - To evaluate the effect of maxillary superior movement via Le Fort I osteotomy on
      nasal airway resistance, eleven Caucasian patients whose surgical orthodontic
      treatment included Le Fort I impaction (range 2 to 8 mm, mean 5.3 mm) were
      selected. Nasal airway resistance in these patients was determined a few days
      before and approximately 8 weeks after the Le Fort I surgical procedure. Nasal
      airway resistance was determined by means of a uninasal active mask
      rhinomanometric technique. Contrary to the predicted negative effects of
      maxillary superior movement on nasal airway function, there was a statistically
      significant improvement in nasal airway resistance (P less than 0.01) after
      maxillary superior movement. This rather unexpected finding can be explained by
      examining the effect of maxillary superior movement on the nasal valve area in
      the anterior nose. The nasal valve area is a teardrop-shaped area bordered by the
      nasal septum, the caudal end of the upper lateral nasal cartilage, the floor of
      the nose, and the soft fibrofatty tissue on the lateral aspect of the nose. The
      apex of the teardrop-shaped area (the angle between the nasal septum and the
      upper lateral cartilage) is called the nasal valve. In the Caucasian type of
      nose, the nasal valve accounts for most of the inspiratory resistance to airflow.
      Maxillary superior movement increases the alar width. It is proposed that this
      increase in alar width is transmitted at least partially to the nasal valve
      angle, causing it to widen slightly, paradoxically reducing nasal airway
      resistance while reducing skeletal intranasal dimensions.

PMID- 6585149
TI  - Palatal sutural response to buccal muscular displacement in the rat.
AB  - Buccal shields inserted in the mouths of 30-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats displaced
      the buccal musculature away from the maxillary molar teeth. Intermolar distances
      increased significantly (P less than 0.02) 15 days following insertion of the
      appliance, thereafter decreasing with time. Histologically, at the level of the
      first molars, ossification of the sutural cartilage occurred earlier than in
      control sutures. While different interpretations are given to explain this
      result, the adaptive nature of secondary cartilage in the intermaxillary suture
      of the rat was demonstrated. This adaptation may be limited by the nature of
      mechanical stress exerted upon, and/or the growth potential, of the suture.

PMID- 6585150
TI  - [Postoperative ventilation using the iron lung principle. A renaissance of this
      form of artificial respiration?].
AB  - Artificial ventilation using the iron lung as an alternative to endotracheal
      intubation and respiration may be a useful method in reducing bronchopulmonary
      infections attributed to postoperative ventilation or resulting during intensive
      care treatment. The concept of transferring and further developing this
      "external" respiratory principle to anaesthesiological situations is presented.
      Four high-risk surgical patients were subjected to post-operative artificial
      ventilation with the iron lung: the results demonstrated that this method was
      effective and well tolerated. Another speciality planned for its employment is
      transplant surgery. Numerous other fields could also be considered. Before the
      iron lung can be put to use in anaesthesiology certain further developments are
      required. These developments relate to its practical aspects and more importantly
      to the additional ventilation possibilities which can be achieved. The future
      extent of employment of the iron lung in anaesthesiology cannot be predicted at
      present. In our opinion, however, this form of respiration could prove an
      adequate method in special situations.

PMID- 6585151
TI  - The role of situational variables in pain control.
AB  - The understanding of human pain perception, nociceptive systems, and analgesia is
      complicated by the variety of psychological, social and contextual variables that
      may interact with noxious sensory input to produce inexplicable changes in the
      strength, unpleasantness or quality of pain that is experienced. Consequently,
      many clinical and experimental studies aim to elucidate the mechanism by which
      psychological variables affect both neural coding and the resulting pain
      perception. Recently, more attention has focused on situational variables as
      important modifiers of pain and analgesic efficacy. Situational variables refer
      to the specific combination of psychological and contextual factors that exist in
      a particular pain situation. These variables represent a unique interaction
      between the individual experiencing pain and the context in which the pain is
      experienced.This article reviews the role of situational variables for modifying
      multiple dimensions of pain perception. Observations from human and animal
      research studies have been integrated to illustrate the potential of situational
      variables for enhancing or for reducing pain that is produced by a noxious
      stimulus. Clinical and experimental research designs are presented which may be
      used to identify relevant situational variables, to determine their effect on
      pain perception, to assess their interaction with analgesic efficacy, and to
      evaluate their mechanisms of action.

PMID- 6585152
TI  - Nitrous oxide scavenging in the Bain circuit for conscious sedation.

PMID- 6585154
TI  - A technique for an oral pharyngeal partition during non-endotracheal anesthesia.
AB  - In summary, an effective technique for position of the oral pharynx during
      ambulatory anesthesia is described. It is effective for preventing liquid and
      particulate matter from entering the oral pharynx during ambulatory anesthesia,
      and in addition, provides retraction of the tongue and lingual tissues from the
      surgical field.

PMID- 6585153
TI  - The reliability and validity of the Trieger tests as a measure of recovery from
      general anesthesia in a day-care surgery unit.
AB  - A group of 23 patients was investigated with the Trieger Test after general
      anesthesia. The reliability of the test was evaluated by the performance of a
      control group on four consecutive trials (F = 0.24). The validity of the test was
      demonstrated by an evaluation of the performance of patients 11/2, 21/2 and 31/2
      hours after anesthesia (F = 15.86, p < .0001).

PMID- 6585155
TI  - Rupture of the pulmonary alveoli during general anesthesia.
AB  - The rupture of pulmonary alveoli during the induction of general anesthesia is a
      significant complication of general anesthesia that has been seldom reported in
      our literature. This article documents this occurrence in a patient scheduled for
      elective orthognathic surgery. The diagnosis and treatment are discussed.

PMID- 6585156
TI  - Observations on the art and science of sedation in dentistry.

PMID- 6585157
TI  - Evaluation of ECG changes in dentists treating awake patients.
AB  - Twenty-eight male dentists were evaluated with 24 hour ambulatory ECG while
      working on awake patients. Only one of the participants showed any sign of stress
      induced arrhythmias after a patient fainted. The remainder of the subjects were
      indistinguishable from previously studied normal populations.

PMID- 6585158
TI  - A premix of 50% nitrous oxide - 50% oxygen for sedation during dental procedures.
AB  - The use of a premixed source of 50% N(2)O and 50% O(2) diluted with room air was
      evaluated in a series of 32 patients undergoing a routine dental procedure.
      Dependent variables observed were the flow rates of gas necessary to achieve
      adequate sedation, patient acceptance of the administration method and clinical
      signs of hypoxia. The median flow rate observed when patients were sedated was 3
      liters per minute (range 1 to 5 liters per minute). Twenty-four patients
      tolerated the dental procedure without need to alter the initial dose, 6 required
      an increased dose and 2 required less of the gas mixture. No clinical signs of
      diffusion hypoxia were noted in this small sample. The results of this open
      clinical evaluation suggest that use of a premixture of 50% N(2)O and 50% O(2)
      results in adequate sedation, is well tolerated by patients and dose not result
      in any clinically obvious signs of hypoxia.

PMID- 6585159
TI  - Stress-induced urticaria associated with local anesthetic administration.
AB  - A case is reported in which chronic urticaria developed following local
      anesthetic administration in a 21-year old Chinese-American male who had
      presented for routine dental care. An in-depth medical history and intradermal
      skin-testing failed to disclose a reason for this reaction. Referral to an
      allergist revealed a previously unknown underlying emotional tension which
      contributed to the development of chronic urticaria. A brief trial of hydroxyzine
      (Vistaril), an antihistaminic and anxiolytic medication, was successful in
      controlling this condition. This case illustrates the importance of the
      evaluation of the emotional status as a vital component of a comprehensive
      medical history.

PMID- 6585160
TI  - Contaminated condensate in mechanical ventilator circuits. A risk factor for
      nosocomial pneumonia?
AB  - We studied ventilator circuit colonization and condensate formation in 30
      mechanical ventilators during the first 24 h after a circuit change. Parts of the
      circuit nearest the patient were more frequently contaminated and had the highest
      levels of colonization. There was rapid colonization of tubing after a circuit
      change; 33% of the ventilators were colonized at 2 h, 64% at 12 h, and 80% at 24
      h. The median level of colonization at 24 h was 7 X 10(4) organisms/ml. Water
      condensate collected in the ventilator circuits at a mean rate of 30 ml/h (range,
      10 to 60 ml/h). At 24 h, 80% of the condensate samples were contaminated at a
      median level of 2 X 10(5) organisms/ml. The bacteria isolated from the condensate
      usually correlated with organisms previously isolated from the patient's sputum,
      suggesting that the patient's oropharyngeal flora is the primary source of
      circuit colonization. Highly contaminated condensate in the ventilator circuit
      may be a significant risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia. We suggest that
      circuit condensate be emptied regularly, handled as infectious waste, and that
      special efforts be taken to prevent contaminated condensate from inadvertently
      washing into the patient's tracheobronchial tree.

PMID- 6585161
TI  - Immune networks.

PMID- 6585162
TI  - Detailed analysis of the public idiotype of anti-hen egg-white lysozyme
      antibodies.

PMID- 6585163
TI  - Natural regulation of antibody clones by auto-anti-idiotypic antibodies in
      rabbits.

PMID- 6585165
TI  - Antineoplastic, immunogenic and other effects of the tetrapeptide tuftsin: a
      natural macrophage activator.

PMID- 6585164
TI  - Auto-anti-allotype antibody in allotype-suppressed rabbits: immunoregulation of
      immunoglobulin synthesis by an allotype-idiotype network.

PMID- 6585166
TI  - Central effects of tuftsin.

PMID- 6585167
TI  - The influence of tuftsin on blood pressure in animals.

PMID- 6585168
TI  - Tuftsin-induced enhancement of murine and human natural cell-mediated
      cytotoxicity.

PMID- 6585169
TI  - A biochemical study of the phagocytic activities of tuftsin and its analogues.
AB  - The effects of tuftsin and one of its analogues (4 [lys]-tuftsin) on phagocytosis
      of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were investigated in mice and
      rabbits. Mice were intravenously or orally administered 1-25 mg of 4 [lys]
      tuftsin per kg daily for 4 to 7 days. After the mice were further treated with
      cyclophosphamide, they were intravenously challenged with C. albicans. More than
      50% of the mice infected with C. albicans were killed within 7 days, although
      only 20% to 40% of those infected with the same microbes after 4 [lys]-tuftsin
      treatment died. A combination of 4 [lys]-tuftsin and an antibiotic was found to
      be somewhat more effective than either one alone. Further, pretreatment with 4
      [lys]-tuftsin depressed microbial growth in the kidneys of mice bearing S-180
      tumors. Rabbit peritoneal macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were
      harvested by intraperitoneal injection of liquid paraffin and of glycogen
      solution, respectively. For in vitro study of phagocytosis, rabbit macrophages of
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes were incubated in Hanks solution together with S.
      aureus and the number of survivors was determined. Enhanced engulfing activity of
      macrophages and increased bactericidal activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes
      were shown by the in vitro phagocytosis experiments. It is expected that 4 [lys]
      tuftsin will be effective against infectious disease, especially in
      immunocompromised hosts such as patients with malignant tumors.

PMID- 6585170
TI  - Tuftsin stimulation of phagocytosis by the retinal pigment epithelium.

PMID- 6585171
TI  - New synthetic and natural tuftsin-related compounds and evaluation of their
      phagocytosis-stimulating activity.
AB  - The preparation of large amounts of tuftsin (50 g) as well as purification by
      preparative HPLC are presented. Synthesis of several analogues exhibiting
      significant phagocytosis-stimulating activity of human PMN are described and
      discussed. On the other hand, the synthesis of a natural human IgG decapeptide
      fragment 335-344 that could be liberated from the same carrier molecule is
      presented. This decapeptide fragment, Thr-Ile-Ser-Lys-Ala-Lys-Gly-Gln-Pro-Arg,
      showed interesting activity in stimulating phagocytosis of human
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

PMID- 6585172
TI  - Elongated tuftsin analogues--synthesis and biological investigation.

PMID- 6585173
TI  - Effect of tuftsin on the migration, chemotaxis, and differentiation of
      macrophages and granulocytes.

PMID- 6585174
TI  - [Discovery of osteoid sarcoma in children. Apropos of 29 cases].

PMID- 6585175
TI  - Hyperlipidemia in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Studies were conducted on lipemic serum obtained from a 26 month old male to
      determine possible mechanisms for the association of a Type V hyperlipidemic
      phenotype with advanced lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Antibodies to
      apolipoproteins and endogenous heparin were not detected as previously reported.
      Fatty acid analysis of the triglyceride esters revealed a high proportion of
      stearic-acid (18:0) which was associated with a slower in vitro degradation of
      very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) by human milk lipoprotein lipase (LPL). This
      suggests that a cause of the hyperlipidemia could be abnormal composition of
      triglycerides which render the VLDL a poor substrate for lipoprotein lipase.
      Hyperlipidemia in leukemia may be more prevalent than previously realized since
      nine other cases of newly diagnosed ALL have been studied who had moderate
      hypertriglyceridemia associated with elevated ApoB and low ApoA-I levels, but
      normal triglyceride composition. These findings suggest that the abnormal
      triglyceride composition is a late feature of the hyperlipidemia in leukemia, as
      observed in the case studied.

PMID- 6585176
TI  - Confirmation of the assignment of human biliverdin reductase to chromosome 7.
AB  - Segregation of biliverdin reductase (BLVR) in 11 independent human-mouse hybrids
      confirms the assignment to chromosome 7 in man and gives a regional localization
      of 7pter----7q22. Isoelectric focusing of BLVR reveals genetically determined
      variation among inbred strains of mice.

PMID- 6585177
TI  - Anti-Ia.7 antibodies recognize a "major" idiotype of the anti-TNP antibody
      response in BALB/c mice.
AB  - Monoclonal antibodies to Ia.7 were used, in parallel with other antibodies
      specific for "major" and "private" idiotopes, to define idiotypic profiles in the
      primary anti-trinitrophenyl plaque forming cell (PFC) response of BALB/c and
      C57BL/6 mice. A considerable fraction (25%) of BALB/c but not C57BL/6 PFC were
      inhibited by anti-Ia.7 antibodies, which failed to inhibit PFC with other
      paratopic specificities. These results suggest idiotypic mimicry between "major"
      antibody clonotypes and MHC determinants which might play a role in the selection
      of antibody repertoires.

PMID- 6585178
TI  - Induction of hemoglobin synthesis in human leukemic K 562 cells by adriamycin.
AB  - The antitumor compound adriamycin was found to induce differentiation-associated
      properties in human erythroleukemia K 562 cells. Studies on the relationship
      between drug concentration and the appearance of hemoglobin demonstrated that the
      more the rate of cell division was reduced during the 4 days of exposure, the
      higher was the accumulation of hemoglobin per cell. Considering the variation in
      the intracellular protein content during the response, it appears that adriamycin
      (40 nM) stimulated the synthesis of both hemoglobin and non-hemoglobin proteins
      while hemin, a well-known erythroid inducer, specifically increased hemoglobin
      synthesis. In addition, the lack of cell growth was associated with a recruitment
      of benzidine-positive cells. In contrast to hemin, adriamycin did not modify the
      electrophoretic pattern found in untreated cells.

PMID- 6585179
TI  - Stimulation of granulocyte functions in vitro by imipenem and the renal enzyme
      inhibitor MK 0791.
AB  - Imipenem and the renal enzyme inhibitor MK 0791 (dehydropeptidase-I) were tested
      separately and in a 1:1 combination to delineate their effects on granulocyte
      functioning. Each component, as well as the combination product, was found to
      increase granulocyte adherence and chemotaxis at therapeutic concentrations.
      Phagocytosis and chemiluminescence were not found to be significantly altered by
      any of the drug combinations.

PMID- 6585180
TI  - Inhibition of transforming growth factor-induced cell growth in soft agar by
      oxidized polyamines.
AB  - An inhibitor of the transforming growth factor-induced growth in soft agar of
      normally anchorage-dependent rat kidney fibroblasts has been detected in the acid
      ethanol extracts of human placenta, bovine lung and kidney, and human
      rhabdomyosarcoma cells (A673). The inhibitor has been purified from human
      placenta by gel-filtration and cation-exchange chromatography followed by
      acetylation and HPLC. Acetylation destroys inhibitory activity and deacetylation,
      by treatment with 6 N HCl at 110 degrees C for 16 h, restores full activity. The
      purified compound has been identified as spermine by mass spectral and NMR
      analyses and by cochromatography on HPLC of the acetylated material with
      acetylated spermine. Both the compound isolated from the placenta and spermine
      and spermidine show approximately equal activity in inhibiting the transforming
      growth factor-induced growth of cells in soft agar with an ED50 of 0.7-1.1
      microM, while putrescine displays no inhibitory activity. Evidence suggests that
      the polyamines must first be oxidized by serum polyamine oxidase before
      inhibition will occur. Acrolein, a product of polyamine oxidation, will also
      inhibit cell growth in soft agar with an ED50 of 6.8 microM. It is concluded that
      an oxidation product of spermine is responsible for the previously reported
      inhibition of colony growth in soft agar following treatment of normal
      fibroblasts with transforming growth factors.

PMID- 6585181
TI  - [Reversal of acquired resistance to vinca alkaloids and anthracycline antibiotics
      by calcium channel blockers and calmodulin inhibitors].
AB  - One of the major causes of failure in cancer chemotherapy is the selection and
      proliferation of specific drug-resistant tumor cells during treatment. The
      mechanism of acquired resistance of tumor cells to some agents is related to
      intracellular drug accumulation and retention. For example, in vincristine (VCR)-
      and adriamycin (ADM)-resistant tumor cell sublines, these agents can be shown to
      enter the cell but are actively transported to the outside. This results in a
      relatively low intracellular level of drug and thus to low cytotoxicity. These
      observations suggest that if we could control the VCR- and ADM-efflux function of
      resistant tumor cells appropriately, then we could expect a reversal of acquired
      resistance to these drugs in drug resistant tumor cells. We found that calcium
      channel blockers and calmodulin inhibitors enhance the intracellular level of
      vincristine and adriamycin in tumor cells, especially in drug-resistant mouse and
      human tumor cells by inhibiting their outward transport. The approach using
      calcium modifiers has the following advantages. (1) Reversal of acquired
      resistance to vinca alkaloids and anthracyclic antibiotics can be attained.
      Calcium channel blockers, such as verapamil, diltiazem, nicardipine, niludipine
      and nimodipine, at doses of 30 to 125 mg/kg administered daily for 10 days with
      VCR (10-200 micrograms/mg) enhanced the chemotherapeutic effect of VCB (40-50%
      increase in life span) in P388/VCR-bearing mice. The calcium channel blockers
      also enhanced the therapeutic effect of ADM in ADM resistant P388 bearing mice.
      (2) The approach is also effective for the reversal of the inherent resistance of
      tumor cells to anticancer agents. Less sensitive tumor cells became more
      susceptible to VCR and the heterogeneity in drug sensitivity among tumor clones
      has been circumvented. (3) The approach with these calcium modifiers is also
      effective against other antitumor agents which are transported outside the cells
      by the similar mechanisms. As one of the mechanisms of cross-resistance is
      explained by the enhanced drug efflux from resistant tumor cells, antitumor
      agents which show cross-resistance to VCR and ADM become effective against
      resistant tumor cells by this approach. The mechanism of this approach is now
      under investigation. These calcium modifiers enhance the cellular level of
      antitumor agents by inhibiting their outward transport. The functions of cellular
      calcium and calmodulin in the membrane architecture and membrane functions might
      be involved in this process. Clinical evaluation is now under progress by using
      diltiazen, nicardipine and verapamil.

PMID- 6585182
TI  - [Differentiation induction and potentiation of chemotherapy by PGE1 infusion in
      patients with neuroblastoma--effect of PGE1 on metastatic potential of
      neuroblastoma].
AB  - Combination of dibutyryl adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate or prostaglandin
      E1 (PGE1) and papaverine effectively induced differentiation of neuroblastoma in
      mice. Two cases of human neuroblastoma with stage III and IV were administered
      intraaortic PGE1 infusion combined with oral papaverine and conventional
      chemotherapy. There were no noticeable side effects and the treatment was
      effective in decreasing tumor size and promoting tumor maturation in the infused
      area. However, distant osseous metastases were developed in both cases, during
      and after the PGE1 administration. They survived 30 and 17 months, respectively,
      from the initiation of therapy. (Jpn J Cancer Chemother 10(9): 1936-1943, 1983)
      These results prompted us to study the metastatic potentials of neuroblastoma. In
      vitro studies demonstrated that cultured human neuroblastoma cells (NB-1, GOTO,
      SK-N-DZ, SJ-N-KP, SJ-N-CG and SK-N-FI) aggregate human platelets with maximum
      aggregation ranging from 28% to 51%. Addition of PGE1 or PGD2 to PRP effectively
      inhibited the tumor-cell-platelet interaction, with IC50 approximately 100 nM for
      PGE1 and 10 nM for PGD2, respectively. In addition, 50 microM PGE1 or PGD2, 5
      microM PGI2 reversed neuroblastoma-induced platelet aggregation in 4 out of 5
      cell lines were studied. These findings indicate a the possible role of PGs in
      effective inhibition of neuroblastoma metastases in vivo. However, two cell lines
      (SK-N-DZ and SJ-N-CG), which had been exposed to 8.5 microM PGE1 or PGD2 for 90
      min and 72 hr, respectively, retained the platelet aggregating activity which was
      not significantly different from that of untreated cells. We conclude that
      clinical application of intraaortic PGE1 in the treatment of advanced
      neuroblastoma has advantage in potentiation of tumor cell kill and in inducing
      maturation. Administered PGE1 may exert its action in two ways: in preventing
      tumor metastasis or possibly in enhancing the metastatic potential of
      neuroblastoma cells. Further refinement of these modalities including other PGs
      such as PGD2 or PGI2 and more detailed studies on optimal PG administration to
      prevent metastasis should be evaluated in future.

PMID- 6585183
TI  - DNA markers and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

PMID- 6585184
TI  - Clinical use of DNA markers linked to the gene for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
AB  - Seventy families with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) known to the Institute of
      Child Health fall into three categories with respect to potential linkage
      analysis with the X chromosome DNA markers RC8 and L1.28 that bridge the DMD
      gene. Families in which there is at least one obligatory female heterozygote (n =
      13). Here 'prediction' and 'exclusion' of DMD gene transmission may be possible,
      the accuracy being dependent on the closeness of the linkage of the DNA marker(s)
      to the DMD gene; an illustrative case is reported. Families in which there is a
      single affected boy, who also has one or more healthy brothers (n = 26). Given an
      informative restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), the probability that
      the boy represents a new mutation can be reassessed; it is also possible to
      'exclude' the DMD gene in a sister. Families with a single affected boy with no
      brother (n = 30). Here 'exclusion' of the DMD gene in a sister may be possible.
      Only in one family was there no possibility of useful linkage analysis. The
      linkage analysis required is described, and the need to check DMD families for
      informative RFLPs is stressed.

PMID- 6585185
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid enolase isoenzymes and neurotoxicity in early treatment of
      lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - Serial measurements of enolase in the cerebrospinal fluid were made in 19
      children with lymphoblastic leukaemia undergoing their first 6 weeks of
      antineoplastic treatment. The neurone-specific gamma enolase value rose
      appreciably in nearly all patients during the first two weeks of treatment, which
      comprised chemotherapy only, but the mean values for this isoenzyme failed to
      show any further rise during the subsequent cranial irradiation. In contrast the
      alpha enolase value, which is derived predominantly from glial tissue, rose
      progressively to attain its highest value during radiotherapy. A consideration of
      the likely rate of clearance of gamma enolase from the cerebrospinal fluid and
      the time sequence of administration of the several chemotherapeutic agents in
      UKALL VIII suggests that asparaginase may be the main causative agent in the rise
      of this marker of neuronal damage.

PMID- 6585186
TI  - Carpal tunnel syndrome and subsequent rheumatoid arthritis in the 'fibrositis'
      syndrome.
AB  - Eight of 11 patients who satisfy Smythe's criteria for the 'fibrositis' syndrome
      have subsequently developed carpal tunnel syndrome. Six of the 8 patients have
      gone on to develop an inflammatory polyarthritis, 3 of whom are seropositive and
      satisfy the criteria for classical rheumatoid arthritis. The relationship between
      the 'fibrositis' syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis is not clear, but the
      additional complication of carpal tunnel syndrome in 'fibrositis' points to
      certain patients with 'fibrositis' developing an inflammatory polyarthritis of
      rheumatoid type. Acceptance on a definition of 'fibrositis' would enable further
      prospective studies to take place, but at present the term is used to describe
      many other nonarticular conditions that do not satisfy Smythe's criteria.

PMID- 6585188
TI  - The Ernest James Goddard Oration 1982. Education for tomorrow.

PMID- 6585187
TI  - Treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. NIH Consensus Development Conference summary.

PMID- 6585189
TI  - Application of pins in restoring vital teeth.

PMID- 6585190
TI  - Mercury vapour associated with amalgam capsule and waste storage.

PMID- 6585191
TI  - The compliant dental patient.

PMID- 6585192
TI  - Aetiology and prevention of dental caries. Studies by the National Caries
      Program, U.S.A.

PMID- 6585193
TI  - Understanding preterm labour: the use of Path Analysis.
AB  - A retrospective study was performed on 465 spontaneous preterm and 13,949 term
      births, in order to analyze the sequence of events that culminate in preterm
      labour. Twenty-one variables were investigated by the mathematical technique of
      Path Analysis. Nine direct and independent precursors of preterm labour were
      identified. These were antepartum haemorrhage, poor antenatal attendance,
      previous delivery of a small baby, multiple pregnancy, proteinuria, grand
      multiparity, cervical suture, low maternal weight, and a history of bleeding
      before 20 weeks.

PMID- 6585194
TI  - The effect of ampicillin and colistin on post-Caesarean section endometritis with
      identification of possible risk factors.
AB  - Two hundred and seventy eight women undergoing Caesarean section were evaluated
      retrospectively to determine the value of prophylactic antibiotic treatment. The
      patients were divided into 2 groups: 180 women who received no prophylactic
      treatment and 98 who were treated prophylactically with ampicillin and colistin
      (Colymycin). Significantly lower rates of infection with prophylactic treatment
      were found in all groups studied (P less than 0.001) (P less than 0.05 in the
      group with premature rupture of membranes). Premature rupture of membranes was
      found to be the only risk factor significantly altering the rate of infection in
      the untreated group. Patients with premature rupture of membranes or with
      prolonged stay in the labour room prior to surgery had a significantly higher
      rate of infection even after the introduction of prophylactic treatment with
      ampicillin and colistin (P less than 0.001).

PMID- 6585195
TI  - Bivariate analyses of attitudes towards breast-feeding.
AB  - 1,790 postpartum women were asked about their breast-feeding attitude, physical
      and other attitudinal variables. Bivariate analyses were conducted between
      attitude and each of 38 other variables. Of the causally independent variables,
      education and occupation were the most strongly related to attitude, and along
      with doctor's preference were perhaps the most important influences on a mother's
      baby-feeding attitude. No physical or health measure was strongly related to
      attitude towards breast-feeding, although there were consistent associations
      between favourable attitudes and optimal categories of the physical and health
      variables. A hypothesized model of the influences on breast-feeding attitude and
      behaviour is presented.

PMID- 6585196
TI  - Incidence of post-operative deep vein thrombosis in gynaecological oncology.
AB  - Using 125I-fibrinogen scanning the incidence of post-operative DVT amongst
      patients with gynaecological malignancy was shown to be 37.9% which is
      substantially higher than the 10% to 15% expected in a general gynaecological
      population. Twenty per cent of the total group studied had isotopic evidence of
      bilateral venous thrombosis post-operatively. The inaccuracy of clinical
      diagnosis was demonstrated, and also the need to investigate both limbs if
      thrombosis was suspected. The incidence of post-operative DVT was found to be
      significantly lower in smokers (11.5%) compared with non-smokers (68.4%) (p less
      than 0.00025).

PMID- 6585198
TI  - The problem of antenatal diagnosis of microcephaly by ultrasonography in twin
      pregnancy.
AB  - A case report is presented in which microcephaly was suspected by serial scanning
      in a first pregnancy and was subsequently proven. However, a diagnosis of
      apparent microcephaly in one of a pair of dizygotic twins in the patient's second
      pregnancy proved incorrect and illustrates that there are problems with genetic
      counselling in this condition.

PMID- 6585197
TI  - An evaluation of teaching cervical mucus symptoms to ovulating infertile women.
AB  - Women (n = 113) with ovulatory menstrual cycles but complaining of infertility
      were instructed in the observation and charting of cervical mucus symptoms. At
      the completion of 3 teaching cycles, 80 subjects (70.8%) had successfully charted
      at least one cycle with an ovulatory mucus pattern (10 subjects became pregnant).
      Sixty-two (54.9%) of the women continued for a further 3 cycles of investigation
      during which, around the time of ovulation, an assessment was made of the mucus
      at the cervix. On the basis of this assessment subjects were classified as either
      Group 1: charting ovulatory mucus symptoms with 'fertile type' mucus observed at
      the cervix - 48 subjects (10 became pregnant); Group 2A: charting uninterpretable
      mucus symptoms but 'fertile type' mucus observed at the cervix - 8 subjects; or,
      Group 2B: charting uninterpretable mucus symptoms and mucus of poor quality
      observed at the cervix - 6 subjects. The study shows that infertile ovulating
      women can be taught to observe and chart their mucus symptoms. Such charting is
      useful in identifying the fertile period of the cycle for timing of intercourse
      and for timing of postcoital tests and cervical assessment. It is also useful in
      identifying the small number of women (5.3%) with an apparent deficiency in mucus
      production. Whether the 20 subjects (17.7%) who became pregnant were assisted in
      this objective by their charting of symptoms is unclear.

PMID- 6585199
TI  - Spontaneous rupture of a uterus at 16 weeks' gestation.
AB  - A case report of spontaneous rupture of a normal unscarred uterus at 16 weeks'
      gestation due to no apparent cause is presented. This is the earliest spontaneous
      rupture of the uterus documented and similar cases reported in the literature are
      reviewed. The aetiology and methods of treatment are discussed.

PMID- 6585200
TI  - Ritodrine in the management of a case of acute fetal distress.
AB  - Acute fetal distress occurred during the first stage of labour in a multipara.
      Since Caesarean section was unavoidably delayed an intravenous bolus dose of
      ritodrine was given resulting in abolition of uterine contractions and return of
      the fetal heart tracing to normal. Subsequently a healthy infant was born by
      Caesarean section.

PMID- 6585202
TI  - Effect of a monocyte cell factor (MCF) on collagen production in cultured
      articular chondrocytes: role of prostaglandin E2.
AB  - A monocyte cell factor (MCF) inhibited the incorporation of (3H)proline into
      collagen of rabbit articular chondrocytes in culture, without significant effect
      on non-collagen protein. In addition, MCF produced a new compartmental
      repartition of collagen between cell layer and medium. No MCF-induced shift was
      observed in the relative proportion of collagens synthesized, type II remaining
      the major collagenous product. The inhibitory effect of MCF was not completely
      suppressed when prostaglandin synthesis was blocked by indomethacin. Addition of
      PGE2 at 12.5-25 micrograms/ml to the cultures resulted in a decrease of total
      collagen. Lower concentrations (0.42-0.85 microgram/ml) did not affect the total
      synthesis of collagen but changed its distribution between cells and medium in
      the same way as MCF. These results suggest that the MCF-stimulated release of
      PGE2 may be partially involved in the inhibitory effect observed on collagen
      synthesis.

PMID- 6585201
TI  - Stimulation of prostaglandin E2 synthesis by exogenous phospholipase A2 and C in
      rabbit kidney medulla slices.
AB  - We have investigated the effects of phospholipase A2 and C on the synthesis of
      prostaglandin E2 in rabbit kidney medulla and the release of fatty acids from the
      medulla slices. Exogenous phospholipase A2 [from Naja naja (Indian cobra) venom]
      and phospholipase C (from Clostridium welchii) stimulated prostaglandin E2
      production in a dose-dependent manner. At the maximal effective concentrations
      (0.5 unit of phospholipase A2/ml, 2 units of phospholipase C/ml), phospholipase C
      increased prostaglandin E2 formation to the level observed with phospholipase A2.
      Phospholipase A2 enhanced the release only of unsaturated fatty acids, whereas
      phospholipase C stimulated the release of individual free fatty acids (C 16:0, C
      18:0, C 18:1, C 18:2 and C 20:4). Moreover, p-bromophenacyl bromide inhibited
      phospholipase A2-stimulated prostaglandin E2 production and the release of fatty
      acids, but it had no influence on prostaglandin E2 formation and the release of
      fatty acids increased by phospholipase C, indicating that the stimulatory effect
      of phospholipase C is not mediated through the activation of endogenous
      phospholipase A2. These results suggest the presence of diacylglycerol lipase and
      monoacylglycerol lipase in the kidney and the importance of this pathway in
      prostaglandin synthesis by the kidney.

PMID- 6585203
TI  - Aerobic reduction of 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone by rat liver xanthine
      dehydrogenase.
AB  - Previous work in several laboratories has shown that enzymatic reduction of
      nitroheterocyclic compounds to reactive but uncharacterized metabolites that
      damage DNA constitutes an important "activation" step in both bacteria and
      hypoxic mammalian cells. However, since the known mammalian enzymes having
      nitroreductase activity are reported to be strongly inhibited by molecular
      oxygen, the relation of reductive activation to the toxic and mutagenic effects
      of nitroheterocyclic compounds in intact animals or aerobic cultured cells is
      unclear. We report here that the process of net nitroreduction of 5-nitro-2
      furaldehyde semicarbazone (nitrofurazone) by rat liver xanthine dehydrogenase was
      considerably less sensitive to inhibition by oxygen than was nitroreduction
      catalyzed by rat liver or milk xanthine oxidase. The dehydrogenase is the native
      form of xanthine oxidoreductase and is known to change to the oxidase form as
      liver extracts are aged or treated with various agents. Incubation at 65 degrees
      rapidly converted the dehydrogenase form to the oxidase form with concomitant
      loss of aerobic nitroreductase activity. Similarly, much of the aerobic
      nitroreductase activity was lost when the preparation was treated with p
      hydroxymercuribenzoate but was regained upon subsequent treatment with
      dithiothreitol. Intermediates generated in the aerobic nitroreduction process
      bound tightly and probably covalently to protein. Thus, it is possible that
      aerobic reduction of nitrofurans and other nitroheterocyclic and nitroaromatic
      components by xanthine dehydrogenase may constitute a significant "activation"
      process which contributes to the toxic action of such agents.

PMID- 6585204
TI  - Mode of action of calcium antagonists which alter anthracycline resistance.

PMID- 6585207
TI  - Use of radiographs in endodontic treatment.

PMID- 6585205
TI  - m-AMSA as a probe for transport phenomena associated with anthracycline
      resistance.
AB  - Kinetics of transport of the acridine derivative 4'-(9-acridinylamino)
      methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA) were examined in P388 murine leukemia cells
      and in P388/ADR, a subline selected for adriamycin resistance and cross-resistant
      to a variety of drugs including m-AMSA. Compared with the drug-responsive parent
      cell line, P388/ADR cells showed impaired accumulation of m-AMSA and an enhanced
      rate of drug exodus. Competition studies demonstrated structural specificity of
      the outward transport process. There was a low degree of intracellular m-AMSA
      binding, and steady-state drug levels were reached in less than 1 min. These
      results suggest that m-AMSA will be a useful probe for studying transport systems
      associated with anthracycline resistance.

PMID- 6585206
TI  - Effects of salicylate and indomethacin on glycosaminoglycan and prostaglandin E2
      synthesis in intact canine knee cartilage ex vivo.
AB  - The effects of salicylate and indomethacin on glycosaminoglycan synthesis by
      intact articular cartilage were examined ex vivo. Distal femora of normal dogs
      were transected at the diaphysis and incubated in medium containing sodium
      salicylate or indomethacin and 35SO4. Uronic acid contents of habitually loaded
      and habitually unloaded regions of the condyles averaged 4.2% and 3.1% of the
      tissue dry weight, respectively. Salicylate had no effect on glycosaminoglycan
      synthesis in cartilage from loaded sites but suppressed synthesis by 18% (P less
      than 0.01) in cartilage from unloaded sites, while indomethacin had no effect on
      glycosaminoglycan synthesis in either region. Evidence that the drugs indeed
      diffused into the cartilage, even when no effects on glycosaminoglycan metabolism
      were noted, was provided by measurements of prostaglandin E2. At the
      concentrations used, both indomethacin and salicylate markedly reduced
      prostaglandin E2 synthesis by the cartilage. In studies with 14C-acetylsalicylic
      acid or 14C-indomethacin, the concentration of each drug in cartilage was
      calculated to be about 3 logs lower than that in the culture medium. Furthermore,
      drug concentrations in cartilage from loaded zones were consistently lower than
      those in cartilage from unloaded sites.

PMID- 6585208
TI  - Head and face pain management.

PMID- 6585209
TI  - Children and swallowed toothpaste.

PMID- 6585210
TI  - Do dentists fill teeth unnecessarily?

PMID- 6585211
TI  - Fluoridation and individual freedom.

PMID- 6585212
TI  - Oral and maxillofacial surgery: an update.

PMID- 6585213
TI  - Osseous polyp of the tongue: osteoma or choristoma?

PMID- 6585214
TI  - Airpolishing effects on enamel, dentine, cement and bone.

PMID- 6585215
TI  - Fractured composite restoration embedded in the lip.

PMID- 6585216
TI  - Prostaglandins in human mammary cancer.
AB  - Prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha (PGE2 and PGF2 alpha) were measured by Gas Liquid
      Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GLC-MS) in extracts of 100 human mammary
      carcinomas. All tumours contained measurable amounts of both prostaglandins but
      wide variations between individual tumours were observed. Values for PGE2 ranged
      from 7 to 762 ng g-1 tissue with a median of 100 ng g-1 tissue. Values for PGF2
      alpha ranged from 3 to 475 ng g-1 tissue (median 60 ng g-1 tissue). There was a
      highly significant positive correlation between amounts of the 2 prostaglandins
      in individual tumours. Amounts of both PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were not significantly
      related to the menopausal status of the patients or the presence of oestrogen and
      progesterone receptors.

PMID- 6585217
TI  - Childhood cancer survival trends in Queensland 1956-80.
AB  - The true survival rates for the various forms of childhood cancer are best
      determined from a population-based study rather than from the results of clinical
      trials. Population-based survival rates have been calculated for four periods
      between 1956 and 1980 in Queensland. There was a significant improvement in
      survival for children who developed cancer after 1973 compared with those
      diagnosed before this date. There has however been no significant improvement in
      the survival rate for childhood cancer overall, or for acute lymphoblastic
      leukaemia since 1973. Over the 25 year period significant trends in survival
      rates were seen in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,
      Hodgkin's disease, Wilms' tumour, medulloblastoma, and retinoblastoma. No such
      trend was seen for acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia, neuroblastoma,
      rhabdomyosarcoma, juvenile or anaplastic astrocytoma, brain stem glioma,
      histiocytosis X, or bone tumours. There is a need for continuing research into
      better methods of treatment of childhood cancer.

PMID- 6585218
TI  - Sex steroid binding to human lymphocytes plasma membrane.

PMID- 6585219
TI  - Cytogenetic studies of early myeloid progenitor compartments in Ph1-positive
      chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). I. Persistence of Ph1-negative committed
      progenitors that are suppressed from differentiating in vivo.
AB  - We have cytogenetically analysed individual haemopoietic colonies to investigate
      the level and extent of normal stem cell suppression that occurs in patients with
      Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-positive CML. Seventeen patients were studied at
      diagnosis prior to the initiation of chemotherapy and five of these were studied
      again 1-16 months later. Another nine patients were studied for the first time 2
      96 months after diagnosis and initiation of chemotherapy. No chromosomally normal
      metaphases were found in either direct marrow preparations or in haemopoietic
      colonies obtained from simultaneous assays of marrow and/or blood samples from 20
      of the 26 patients studied. In the other six, chromosomally normal haemopoietic
      progenitors (BFU-E, CFU-C and CFU-G/E) were readily demonstrable even though in
      five of these patients all dividing cells in the bone marrow appeared to belong
      to the Ph1-positive clone at the time of study. These results indicate that the
      suppressive effects of clonal expansion on normal haemopoiesis are more
      pronounced, and apparent sooner, in the more differentiated compartments. In
      addition, they support the view that the original population of normal stem cells
      does not disappear rapidly, although their numbers may be diluted to undetectable
      levels depending upon the extent of clonal expansion at the stem cell level by
      the time of diagnosis.

PMID- 6585220
TI  - Hyperleucocytic retinopathy in chronic granulocytic leukaemia: the role of
      intensive leucapheresis.
AB  - We describe three patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia who developed
      impaired visual acuity in association with high leucocyte counts. Two of the
      patients were in the chronic phase of their disease and the third developed
      visual symptoms at the time of blastic transformation. Fundoscopy showed retinal
      haemorrhages and exudates and a vascular picture consistent with hyperviscosity.
      We propose the term 'hyperleucocytic retinopathy' for these appearances. Two of
      the patients derived rapid benefit following leucapheresis and the visual acuity
      of the third patient improved following treatment with cytotoxic drugs.

PMID- 6585221
TI  - A clinical investigation into the incidence of dry socket.
AB  - A clinical investigation was undertaken to find the incidence of dry socket as a
      post-operative complication of dental extraction on an out-patient basis. Two
      thousand three hundred and sixty three extractions were carried out under local
      anaesthesia by clinical staff and students over a four month period. The results
      are presented and their significance discussed, the incidence of dry socket being
      found to be dependent upon the site of the tooth extracted, the relative
      difficulty of the extraction and upon the integrity and size of the blood clot in
      the extraction socket.

PMID- 6585223
TI  - Mutilating basal cell carcinoma of the face.
AB  - Two cases of neglected, mutilating basal cell carcinoma are described with
      observations on their spread. A review of the literature indicates that
      anatomical site and delay in seeking treatment are the most important factors
      associated with the development of such lesions.

PMID- 6585222
TI  - Prominent fungiform papillae in guttate psoriasis.
AB  - Three patients presented with widespread guttate psoriasis of explosive onset
      which involved the palms and soles (exanthematic guttate psoriasis) and followed,
      in each case, a haemolytic streptococcal throat infection. At the height of the
      effluorescence the lingual fungiform papillae were very numerous, red and
      prominent and their subsequent course paralleled that of the skin lesions. This
      oral finding has not been reported previously in patients with psoriasis.

PMID- 6585224
TI  - Topical carbenoxolone sodium in the management of herpes simplex infection.
AB  - Topical carbenoxolone was discovered by chance to be a highly effective anti
      viral agent and was subsequently used in the management of Herpetic
      gingivostomatitis and recurrent Herpes labialis. A marked reduction in the
      healing time and pain associated with these lesions was noted. A discussion of
      the possible mechanisms of action of carbenoxolone is included.

PMID- 6585225
TI  - A simplified method for the internal fixation of fractures of the mandibular
      condyle.
AB  - The morbidity following conservative management of fracture dislocations of the
      mandibular condyle is considered, and the theoretical advantages of open
      reduction discussed. The various methods described in the past are reviewed and a
      new technique is described whereby a Kirschner wire is drilled into the condylar
      fragment and then inlaid into the ramus. Advantages over previous methods include
      easy manipulation of the fragment and lack of danger to the facial nerve.

PMID- 6585226
TI  - A pilot study of the clinical effects of irradiation on the oral tissues.
AB  - The clinical effects of irradiation on the oral mucous membrane of 22 patients
      with oral or circumoral carcinomas (oral group) were compared with nine patients
      with laryngeal carcinomas (laryngeal group). Each of the patients received 6000
      rads of radiation in divided doses five days each week for five weeks,
      alternately left and right sides. After one week of irradiation, patients in the
      oral group had diminished salivary flow, some erythema and orally-derived pain.
      After three weeks, severe clinical changes were present and these changes
      increased throughout the treatment period. Four to six months after treatment,
      the majority of the clinical changes had resolved in the oral group but salivary
      flow from parotid and submandibular/sublingual glands was still diminished. The
      laryngeal group had few clinically detectable oral changes at any time, with the
      exception of diminished salivary flow which recovered four to six months later in
      the case of the parotid glands but not in the submandibular and sublingual
      glands. The fungal flora changes in these two groups of patients are fully
      described elsewhere. Both oral and laryngeal groups had similar sharp rises of
      fungal colony counts with little diminuation even at six months after treatment,
      despite the abatement of signs and symptoms. It is suggested that direct
      radiation damage is the primary cause of oral symptoms with the role, if any, of
      fungi being that of opportunist pathogens on compromised tissues.

PMID- 6585227
TI  - An approach to Le Fort II osteotomy.

PMID- 6585228
TI  - Tuberculous osteomyelitis of the mandible.
AB  - A rare case of tuberculous osteomyelitis of the mandible presenting as an
      aggressive, sequestrating lesion of the symphyseal area in a 26-year-old Eritrean
      woman is reported. The patient had disseminated tuberculosis, and all but the
      oral lesion responded well to chemotherapy. Upon sequestrectomy and decortication
      uneventful healing of the mandibular lesion took place.

PMID- 6585229
TI  - Osseous choristoma: a report of two cases.
AB  - Osseous Choristoma (Osteoma Mucosa) is a relatively rare soft tissue tumour of
      the oral cavity. Twenty seven cases have been reported in the literature, the
      majority of which occurred on the dorsal surface of the tongue. Two new cases are
      described, one of which occurred in the classical location, while the second
      presented in an unusual site.

PMID- 6585230
TI  - Variability and conformation of HLA class I antigens: a predictive approach to
      the spatial arrangement of polymorphic regions.
AB  - Comparison of available sequences of HLA-A and HLA-B antigens shows that variable
      positions are predominantly localized in four segments spanning residues 63-85,
      105-116, 138-156, and 177-194. The fourth segment is unique in that it contains
      no differences between antigens of the same locus. Secondary folding of HLA heavy
      chain was estimated by three independent predictive methods and areas of defined
      structure were correlated with the distribution of local hydrophobicity to
      outline putative internal and external portions. The three analyses each
      independently predict a high probability for beta structure in the alpha 1, alpha
      2, and alpha 3 domains. A single alpha-helix is predicted within residues 146
      160, a segment of likely importance in cytotoxic T cell recognition and graft
      rejection. Substitutions within this segment are spatially related by the helical
      turn. Variable residues usually lie in areas of high local hydrophilicity, and
      therefore they are probably on the surface of the molecule. The model predicts
      that they are frequently located in beta strands, beta-turns, or the above
      mentioned alpha-helix, so that most substitutions would be accommodated within
      rigid frameworks that may impose structural constraints to variability. The
      secondary structure of alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3 domains presents some
      analogies that suggest that they might share common features in their tertiary
      folding. The predicted structure of alpha 3 is strongly reminiscent of that of
      immunoglobulin constant domains. Possible arrangements of elements of secondary
      structure are discussed, as an attempt to situating the polymorphic regions of
      HLA class I antigens in a spatial context.

PMID- 6585232
TI  - The many facets of bioengineering.

PMID- 6585231
TI  - Schizophrenic disorders and HLA-DR antigens.
AB  - HLA-A, -B, and -DR antigens, including supertypic specificities (MT antigens),
      were studied in Japanese schizophrenic patients. Although frequencies of HLA-A, 
      B, and MT antigens did not differ significantly between the schizophrenic
      patients and controls, the frequency of DRw8 in DR locus showed a statistically
      significant increase in the patients. The authors conclude that DRw8 is a genetic
      marker of susceptibility to schizophrenia. Inconsistencies in previous reports of
      antigens could be resolved by examination of the DR locus.

PMID- 6585233
TI  - In vitro cytodestruction of human leukemic cells using murine monoclonal
      antibodies and human complement.
AB  - We have investigated the ability of murine monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) to lyse
      human leukemic cells in vitro using human serum as a source of complement (C').
      The human C'-fixing ability of five of seven MoAb is documented. Studies with two
      of these MoAb (BA-1 and BA-2) indicated that their human C'-fixing ability and
      subsequent lysis of leukemic cells was through activation of the classical
      pathway of C', was independent of donor serum source, and occurred with a number
      of different target cells. BA-1 and BA-2 could effectively lyse fresh leukemic
      cells in the presence of 100% human serum, and BA-1 plus human serum could
      effectively lyse leukemic cells in the presence of a 20-fold excess of normal
      human bone marrow cells. Our results have potential implications for
      immunotherapy trials utilizing murine MoAb.

PMID- 6585234
TI  - Cytogenetic studies of early myeloid progenitor compartments in Ph1-positive
      chronic myeloid leukemia. II. Long-term culture reveals the persistence of Ph1
      negative progenitors in treated as well as newly diagnosed patients.
AB  - We recently showed that long-term marrow cultures can be used to demonstrate the
      presence of Philadelphia (Ph1) negative progenitors in patients with newly
      diagnosed Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We now report results for
      6 chronic phase patients studied 5-83 mo postdiagnosis and an additional 3 newly
      diagnosed patients. Marrow metaphases were exclusively Ph1-positive. Clonogenic
      assays revealed a minor population of Ph1-negative progenitors in 3 cases (1
      treated, 2 untreated). Long-term marrow culture adherent layers contained Ph1
      negative progenitors in 6 cases (3 treated, 3 untreated). Whenever this occurred,
      the Ph1-negative population had become the only one detectable within 3-4 wk, and
      this was always associated with a rapid decline of the Ph1-positive population.
      For 2 of the 3 cases where Ph1-negative progenitors were not detected, there was
      a similar rapid decline in the Ph1-positive population in culture. In the other
      case, Ph1-positive progenitors were maintained at levels typically seen in normal
      long-term marrow cultures. These results suggest that chromosomally normal stem
      cells may persist for a considerable period in the marrow of some, but perhaps
      not all, patients with CML, even in the face of maintenance chemotherapy. In
      addition, they provide new evidence of heterogeneity in this disease, as shown by
      the variable ability of Ph1-positive progenitor populations to be maintained in
      vitro.

PMID- 6585235
TI  - Aberrant sialylation of granulocyte membranes in chronic myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Peripheral blood granulocytes from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia
      (CML) were studied for accessibility of membrane sialic acid and galactose
      residues to sodium borohydride-3H radiolabeling after oxidation with sodium
      metaperiodate (PI/B3H4) or with galactose oxidase (GO/B3H4). Granulocytes from
      untreated patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia showed increased
      radiolabeling with PI/B3H4, and decreased labeling with GO/B3H4 when compared to
      normal granulocytes. Granulocytes from leukemic patients receiving chemotherapy
      showed normal labeling patterns. Gel electrophoresis of membrane extracts showed
      that the changes in PI/B3H4 and GO/B3H4 reactivity of CML cells were distributed
      over all membrane protein bands. Our data suggest that CML granulocyte membrane
      proteins are aberrantly sialylated, with decreased accessibility of galactose
      residues, and that these changes may be reversed by clinical drug treatment.

PMID- 6585236
TI  - Hyperleukocytosis and leukostasis: common features of childhood chronic
      myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Ten patients under 20 yr of age with the usual (adult) type of chronic
      myelogenous leukemia (CML) were seen at the University of Rochester Medical
      Center from 1970 to 1982. The mean white cell count in these 10 patients at
      presentation was 360,000/microliter, as compared to a mean of 137,000/microliter
      in 80 CML patients over 20 yr of age seen during the same time interval (p less
      than 0.02). Analyses of all 90 cases revealed a significant decrease in the
      average leukocyte count at presentation with increasing age. The childhood cases
      also had a significantly higher proportion of blood blasts, promyelocytes, and
      myelocytes than did the adult subjects (p less than 0.01). Signs of leukostasis
      were present in 12% of adult cases as compared to 60% of the 10 childhood cases,
      and in these 6 subjects, the mean white cell count was 510,000/microliter. In
      these 6 patients, leukapheresis and/or chemical therapy was initiated rapidly,
      and this was followed by complete resolution of the clinical signs of
      leukostasis. A review of the literature from 1960 to 1982 identified 61 childhood
      cases that were reported with the usual type of CML. In this group, the frequency
      of hyperleukocytosis and the distribution of white cell counts corresponded very
      closely to the 10 cases studied at the University of Rochester. Thus, the usual
      type of CML presenting in childhood differs from that of adults in that
      hyperleukocytosis, blood granulocyte immaturity, and leukostatic central nervous
      system, retinal, and respiratory signs are significantly more common and extreme
      and merit rapid cytoreductive treatment.

PMID- 6585237
TI  - Chromosome change in prolymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6585238
TI  - Chemotherapy in AML.

PMID- 6585239
TI  - Azurophil leukocyte granules.

PMID- 6585240
TI  - Low-dose Ara-C in the treatment of acute leukemia. Cytotoxicity or
      differentiation induction?
AB  - The differentiation inducing effect of low-dose Ara-C on human myeloid leukemic
      cells was studied in two patients with subacute myelocytic and subacute
      myelomonocytic leukemia in vivo and in vitro. By continuous i.v. administration
      of 10 mg Ara-C/m2 over 12 h daily for 12 or 20 days complete remissions were
      obtained in both patients with normalization of the incidence of the committed
      progenitor cells BFU-E and CFU-C in the marrow while the incidence of pluripotent
      CFU-GEMM remained subnormal. Parallel cultures of the patients' bone marrow cells
      in diffusion chambers (DC) implanted in mice demonstrated a clear cytotoxic
      effect of low-dose Ara-C. The greater increase of granulopoietic cells within DC
      in the Ara-C exposed group than in control mice after the end of drug
      administration is, in addition, an indication for differentiation induction by
      this kind of Ara-C therapy.

PMID- 6585241
TI  - Low-dose cytosine-arabinoside in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
      and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).
AB  - Ten AML- and two MDS-patients in whom conventional chemotherapy was
      contraindicated or ineffective were treated with low dose ARA-C, 10 mg/m2 per
      12hS.C. for 2-4 weeks. Seven patients obtained a complete and two a partial
      remission. Our findings suggest that low dose ARA-C may act both by induction of
      differentiation and/or inhibition of proliferation.

PMID- 6585243
TI  - [Studies on NADPH-specific dihydropteridine reductase from Macaca fascicularis
      liver. II. Effect of inhibitors].

PMID- 6585242
TI  - Urinary glycoproteins in acute leukemias: a 41 000 dalton glycoprotein follows
      the kinetic of cytoreduction.
AB  - Glycoproteins of leukemic cells and 24-hour urinary proteins were subjected to
      SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by affinity labelling I125 with
      Concanavalin A, indicating glycoproteins with mannose and/or glucose carbohydrate
      residues. Among the cellular glycoproteins a 41 000 dalton glycoprotein appeared
      under induction therapy in close correlation to the reduction of leukemic cells
      in ALL as well as in AML.

PMID- 6585244
TI  - [Interactions of dexamethasone and miscellaneous steroid hormones in experimental
      inflammation in mice].

PMID- 6585245
TI  - [Molar movement in extraoral anchorage (IV)].

PMID- 6585246
TI  - [A study of the canine gubernacular foramen opening on the lingual side of the
      alveolar socket].

PMID- 6585247
TI  - [Oral hygiene training in Mexican children (I). Comparison between Mexican
      children and American children].

PMID- 6585248
TI  - [Desensitization of basophils. Dynamics of desensitization].

PMID- 6585249
TI  - [Various characteristics of allergic rhinitis caused by Japanese cedar].

PMID- 6585250
TI  - [Clinical trials of the Fieldmaster R-225 automatic perimeter].

PMID- 6585251
TI  - [Clinical application of an adhesive splint using 4-META acrylic resin adhesive].

PMID- 6585252
TI  - [An adult orthodontic case of bimaxillary protrusion and skeletal Class III
      tendencies].

PMID- 6585253
TI  - [A case report of serpiginous corneal ulcer treated with conservative medication
      only].

PMID- 6585254
TI  - Resolution concerning federal legislation and research on indoor air pollution.
      The Committee on Public Health, the New York Academy of Medicine.

PMID- 6585255
TI  - The regulatory strategy: hospital reimbursement and planning in New York.

PMID- 6585256
TI  - Block grants in ambulatory care: the role of local health departments.

PMID- 6585257
TI  - Restructuring the financing of health care in the eighties. 1983 Annual Health
      Conference, the New York Academy of Medicine. April 28 and 29, 1983.

PMID- 6585258
TI  - Health in the nation's values.

PMID- 6585259
TI  - Revising the balance of health benefits and fixed physicians' fees.

PMID- 6585260
TI  - Restructuring the financing of health care: more stringent regulation of
      utilization.

PMID- 6585262
TI  - Practice standards research project report.

PMID- 6585263
TI  - Manpower demand and desired skills for degree graduates in dental hygiene.

PMID- 6585261
TI  - Increased consumer cost-consciousness and competition.

PMID- 6585264
TI  - Acute renal failure caused by extreme hyperphosphatemia after chemotherapy of an
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - The authors report a documented case of hyperphosphatemia-induced
      nephrocalcinosis after chemotherapy of an acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
      Microscopic examination of the kidney showed numerous calcium deposits with
      concentric structure in the calyces and in the tubules. Electronic microsound
      analysis proved the deposits to be composed of calcium phosphate. The nephropathy
      mechanism is studied, and a review of the 34 similar cases of this acute tumor
      lysis syndrome is made. Some suggestions are put forward to present the
      consequences of this therapy-induced syndrome.

PMID- 6585265
TI  - Malignant lymphoma and granulocytic sarcoma of the uterus and vagina. A
      clinicopathologic analysis of 27 cases.
AB  - Twenty-five cases of malignant lymphoma of the uterine corpus or cervix and the
      vagina, and one case of granulocytic sarcoma of the cervix were analyzed. The
      patients typically presented with vaginal bleeding and a subepithelial mass
      without obvious ulceration or other epithelial abnormality. Twenty-one of the 27
      tumors appeared to originate in the cervix, 4 in the vagina, and 2 in the
      endometrium. Seven of them were nodular lymphomas, 17 diffuse large cell, or
      "histiocytic" lymphomas, 1 was a Burkitt's tumor, and 2 were granulocytic
      sarcomas. Sclerosis was a prominent histologic feature in lymphomas of the cervix
      and vagina. Twenty-one patients had disease confined to a single extranodal site
      (Ann Arbor Stage IE), and six had lymph node or ovarian involvement (Stages IIE +
      IV). The overall actuarial 5-year survival was 73%. The survival of patients with
      Stage IE tumors was 89%, compared with 20% for patients with lymph node or
      ovarian involvement. None of the 12 patients with Stage IE lymphoma of the cervix
      or vagina who received definitive initial local treatment (surgical and/or
      radiation therapy) relapsed. Nodular lymphomas and diffuse lymphomas with a
      preponderance of large cleaved cells were more often localized and had a better
      prognosis than large or small noncleaved and immunoblastic types. Lymphoma of the
      lower female genital tract is a rare, but treatable malignancy, which must be
      distinguished microscopically from inflammatory lesions and nonlymphoid tumors
      arising in this site.

PMID- 6585266
TI  - An unusual translocation, t(3;8), and deletion of chromosome 21 in acute myeloid
      leukemia.
AB  - This report describes a case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in which there was
      an unusual karyotypic abnormality involving chromosomes #3, #8, and #21. The
      clinical and hematologic features are described and cytogenetic findings are
      discussed in relation to previously reported variants of the translocation
      t(8;21) in AML. The breakpoint at 8q22 is a consistent feature in these cases.

PMID- 6585267
TI  - Associated abnormalities of chromosomes 1, 5, and 11 in dysmyelopoietic
      syndromes.
AB  - Two patients with dysmyelopoietic syndrome presented the same cytogenetic pattern
      in their bone marrow cells, i.e., trisomy of chromosomes #1 and #11, and terminal
      deletion of chromosome #5 (q13-q14). Two similar cases have been described in the
      literature. It is suggested that this cytogenetic pattern could be a nonrandom
      event.

PMID- 6585268
TI  - Prostaglandins in carcinomas of the head and neck.
AB  - Abnormalities of 5 cyclooxygenase products were studied in tumours from patients
      with head and neck cancer. The studies were designed to measure tissue
      prostaglandin content (ng/g wet tissue) as well as production in vitro by tumour
      microsomes (ng/mg protein/10 min). Head and neck tumours contained large amounts
      of 5 eicosanoids in the order. PGE2 greater than PGE1 greater than 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha greater than PGF2 alpha greater than TXB2. When tumours less than or equal
      to 2 cm were compared with tumours equal to or more than 3 cm in size, amounts of
      all but PGF2 alpha were higher in the larger tumours. However, the capacity of
      tumour microsomes to synthesize PGs in vitro was inversely related to tumour
      size. These results suggest a defect in removal of eicosanoids from large
      tumours. The physiological significance of this increase in local levels of
      eicosanoids remains to be determined in head and neck cancer.

PMID- 6585269
TI  - Suppression of cross-link formation in chloroethylnitrosourea-treated DNA by an
      activity in extracts of human leukemic lymphoblasts.
AB  - Pulse treatment of DNA with any of several chloroethylnitrosoureas presently in
      clinical use leads to formation of monoadducts. Further incubation of these
      monoadducts in the absence of drug leads to DNA interstrand cross-links; however,
      this cross-link formation is suppressed by a partially purified extract of
      cultured human leukemic lymphoblasts. The cross-link-suppressing activity
      copurifies with O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, shows similar kinetics
      for heat inactivation, and shows similar responses to inhibitors. Reactions for
      both the cross-link-suppressing and methyltransferase activities reach completion
      within 5 min at 37 degrees, and both are stoichiometric rather than catalytic.
      These observations indicate that the number of cross-links induced by the
      chloroethylnitrosoureas and, hence, their cytotoxicity, should be inversely
      related to O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase content of a cell.

PMID- 6585270
TI  - In vivo radiolocalization of antiosteogenic sarcoma monoclonal antibodies in
      osteogenic sarcoma xenografts.
AB  - Monoclonal antibodies Ost6 and Ost7 (mouse Immunoglobulin G1) to human osteogenic
      sarcoma were isolated from ascitic fluid and labeled with radioiodine. After
      injection into athymic nu/nu mice with s.c. xenografts of human osteogenic
      sarcoma, the uptake of radioactivity in tumors, visceral organs, and blood was
      determined. Five days after injection, Ost6 and Ost7 showed preferential
      accumulation in tumors (tumor:blood ratio, 4.3). Furthermore, with testicular and
      bladder tumors, both unreactive with Ost7, there was no localization of
      radiolabeled Ost7 in xenograft growths. When Ost7 was labeled with 131I, its
      accumulation into human osteogenic sarcoma could be clearly visualized by whole
      body gamma-scintigraphy without computer-assisted data processing.

PMID- 6585271
TI  - Phase II study of weekly low-dose 4'-epi-doxorubicin in advanced postmenopausal
      breast cancer.
AB  - A phase II study of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in 39 fully evaluable patients with
      advanced postmenopausal breast cancer has been performed. The patients received
      20 mg of 4'-epi-doxorubicin iv weekly, irrespective of surface area. This dose
      schedule follows previous work with doxorubicin, showing good therapeutic effect
      with very low toxicity. The preliminary results of this study of 4'-epi
      doxorubicin confirm that the drug is very active in breast cancer (51% objective
      response rate) and that the low-dose weekly approach is well-accepted with
      remarkably low toxicity (59% of patients had no complaints of toxic effects).

PMID- 6585272
TI  - Phase II trial of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in patients with advanced malignant
      melanoma.
AB  - Thirty-five patients with advanced malignant melanoma were treated with 4'-epi
      doxorubicin iv once every 3 weeks. Most patients had not received prior
      chemotherapy and had good performance status. Three partial remissions and three
      minor regressions were observed. All patients experienced myelosuppression, but
      other toxic effects were minimal. 4'-Epi-doxorubicin has limited therapeutic
      activity in this disease.

PMID- 6585273
TI  - Phase II trial of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin in advanced colorectal carcinoma.

PMID- 6585274
TI  - [Chemical study of the conformation of hepatic glycogen in two cases of
      glycogenosis].

PMID- 6585275
TI  - [Parosteal osteosarcoma].
AB  - Six parosteal osteosarcomas were described in patients of the age of 20-72 years.
      They grew on the surface of long bones forming sessile lobulated firm foci.
      Prevailing histological structure in most cases was that of a differentiated
      osteoplastic sarcoma with regular bone trabeculae and connective tissue in
      between. Less differentiated and more cellular regions were scanty. Tumours
      destroyed corticalis in two cases and spongiosa in one of them. Tumours recurred
      in two patients but secondaries were not spotted.

PMID- 6585276
TI  - Dentistry in today's Japan. A new concept towards future aspects of dentistry
      innovating from selfish to selfless dentistry.

PMID- 6585277
TI  - Increased prostate-type acid phosphatase activity in serum and typical bone
      lesions simulating the presence of prostatic carcinoma.
AB  - In a man with myelomonocytic leukemia, the association of increased prostatic
      acid phosphatase activity in serum and the presence of typical bone lesions on
      roentgenography suggested the existence of disseminated prostatic carcinoma.
      During the clinical observation period, however, prostatic involvement could not
      be proved. Moreover, bone pain and prostatic-type acid phosphatase activity in
      serum closely paralleled monocyte counts and the degree of hepatosplenomegaly and
      leukemic skin lesions. Finally, meticulous postmortem examination of the prostate
      showed no prostatic carcinoma. This clinical picture appears to be entirely
      explicable in terms of leukemic organ infiltration and the proliferation of
      monocytes, which are known to contain acid phosphatase isoenzymes like those in
      the prostate.

PMID- 6585278
TI  - [Trilostane therapy in patients with hypercorticism].

PMID- 6585279
TI  - [Chronic sensory polyneuropathy with autonomic dysfunction in two sisters].

PMID- 6585280
TI  - Ga-67 uptake post cesarean section.
AB  - Gallium-67 distribution in normal patients is well known; it is also known that
      the concentration in some tissues may vary according to an individual physiologic
      stimulus. In this report, the case of a young woman is presented who was studied
      15 days after a cesarean section and showed physiologic and pathologic Ga-67
      accumulation.

PMID- 6585281
TI  - Accumulation of Ga-67 citrate in an inguinal hernia simulating scrotal pathology.

PMID- 6585282
TI  - Skin irritancy from alkaline solutions assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry.

PMID- 6585283
TI  - Once again lightly.

PMID- 6585284
TI  - Variables affecting surface finish for traditional and hybrid composite resin
      restorative systems.

PMID- 6585285
TI  - Oral antisecretory activity of prostaglandin E2 in man.
AB  - We studied the oral gastric antisecretory activity of prostaglandin E2 in three
      groups of six normal volunteers. Each volunteer was studied twice, once after
      receiving prostaglandin E2 (0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg) and the other time after
      receiving placebo administered in a double-blind, randomized fashion. Gastric
      acid secretion was stimulated with a liquid protein meal from 1/2 to 1 1/2 hr
      after drug administration. Acid secretion was quantitated using the technique of
      intragastric titration. Acid secretion after 0.5 mg of prostaglandin E2 was no
      different than after placebo administration, but 1.0 mg and 2.0 mg of
      prostaglandin E2 inhibited 58% (6.68 +/- 7.64 meq vs 14.67 +/- 6.75 meq, P less
      than 0.02) and 76% (2.38 +/- 2.38 meq vs 11.50 +/- 3.51, P less than 0.01)
      respectively, of gastric acid production compared to placebo therapy. After oral
      administration, prostaglandin E2 in man is antisecretory with an ED50 of 1.1 mg.

PMID- 6585286
TI  - [Levels of LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol in umbilical
      cord blood and sera of healthy adults].

PMID- 6585287
TI  - [Mercury burden due to amalgam fillings].

PMID- 6585288
TI  - [Removal of cemented crowns and bridges].

PMID- 6585289
TI  - [Light, SEM and microprobe analyses in 7 metal-ceramic systems].

PMID- 6585290
TI  - [Surgical therapy of extensive maxillary sinus cysts and their computer
      tomographic diagnosis].

PMID- 6585291
TI  - [Secondary orthodontic effect on individual jaw segments in unilateral
      cheilognathopalatoschisis].

PMID- 6585292
TI  - [Odontomas and pan-tonal hearing loss in the otodental syndrome].

PMID- 6585293
TI  - [Coupled opening and closing clicks of the temporomandibular joint (reciprocal
      clicking)].

PMID- 6585294
TI  - [Caries incidence, oral hygiene status and periodontopathies in schoolchildren in
      Mathura (India)].

PMID- 6585295
TI  - [Gingival and periodontal relationships after orthodontic therapy. A study of
      class-II patients].

PMID- 6585296
TI  - Detection of prostaglandin-like activity in equine inflammatory exudate--a
      preliminary report.

PMID- 6585298
TI  - Pigmented naevi after therapy of leukaemia (ALL) in a monozygotic twin.

PMID- 6585299
TI  - Annual meeting of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Zellbiologie. Growth and
      differentiation. Marburg, 21-23 March 1984. Abstracts.

PMID- 6585297
TI  - Both alpha and beta chains of HLA-DC class II histocompatibility antigens display
      extensive polymorphism in their amino-terminal domains.
AB  - At least three class II antigens, all composed of an alpha and a beta subunit,
      are encoded in the human major histocompatibility complex, i.e., DR, DC and SB.
      Two cDNA clones, encoding a DC alpha and a DC beta chain, respectively, were
      isolated from a cDNA library of the lymphoblastoid cell line Raji (DR3,w6). The
      two polypeptides predicted from the nucleotide sequences of these clones are each
      composed of a signal peptide, two extracellular domains, a hydrophobic
      transmembrane region and a short cytoplasmic tail. Comparison of the DC alpha
      sequence with two previously published partial sequences shows that the majority
      of the differences is located in the amino-terminal domain. The differences are
      not randomly distributed; a cluster of replacements is present in the central
      portion of the amino-terminal domain. Likewise, the allelic polymorphism of the
      DC beta chains occurs preferentially in the amino-terminal domain, where three
      minor clusters of replacements can be discerned. The non-random distribution of
      the variability of DC alpha and beta chains may be due to phenotypic selection
      against replacement substitutions in the second domains of the polypeptides.

PMID- 6585300
TI  - British Society for Cell Biology. Manchester spring meeting, 3-6 April 1984.
      Abstracts.

PMID- 6585301
TI  - Co-expression of spectrin and fodrin in Friend erythroleukemic cells treated with
      DMSO.
AB  - Friend erythroleukemic cells can be used as a model of erythroid cell
      differentiation with the synthesis of the erythrocyte-specific products
      hemoglobin and spectrin stimulated by agents such as DMSO. In the present study
      we investigated the expression of both erythroid spectrin and non-erythroid
      fodrin in uninduced and DMSO-treated Friend cells. We report that both spectrin
      and fodrin co-exist at low levels in uninduced Friend cells and both are induced
      by treatment with DMSO. After longer times both spectrin and fodrin appear to
      undergo rearrangements into submembranous 'patches' and 'caps'. Although both
      molecules co-localize in most of these cells, they can be independently
      immunoprecipitated, suggesting that significant amounts of hybrid molecules are
      not formed.

PMID- 6585302
TI  - Current questions of gene transfer via protoplast fusion in microorganisms.

PMID- 6585303
TI  - Advances in protoplast fusion and transformation in Streptomyces.
AB  - Rapid advances have been made in recent years on protoplast research in the
      economically important Streptomyces. The use of protoplasts has facilitated the
      development of efficient techniques for intra- and interspecific genetic
      recombination by fusion and by gene cloning. This report summarizes current
      protoplast methodologies as they relate to both protoplast fusion and genetic
      transformation, points out some genetic instabilities associated with protoplast
      techniques, and speculates on future directions to broaden the applications of
      protoplasts for heterospecific gene recombination and cloning in Streptomyces.

PMID- 6585304
TI  - Chromosome interactions and expression in fused Bacillus protoplasts.
AB  - Heterodiploid bacteria can be regenerated from fused mixed protoplasts. In both
      B. megaterium and B. subtilis, early selective effects during regeneration may
      strongly affect the phenotype of the products. Among the products are diploid
      prototrophs, whose stability is still in doubt. It is not known whether the
      prototrophy results from complementation or from recombination during the
      selection. In the case of B. subtilis, regeneration in a permissive, uncrowded
      and non-selective environment leads to production of rather large yields of
      heterodiploids, either biparental or recombinant. These seem to be only partially
      stable, but while remaining diploid they give rise to a wide variety of genetic
      recombinants. In general rather few prototrophs are found when selection is
      applied to the bacterial diploids. The phenotypic properties of B. subtilis
      diploids reveal incomplete expression of the demonstrable gene inventory.
      Biparental diploids appear commonly to show the phenotype of only one of the
      contained parent types, as if one chromosome remains unexpressed. For diploid
      recombinants data are insufficient to reveal the status of the chromosomes. Non
      expression is believed to be due to structural complexity of particular
      chromosomes, or their parts. Recombination occurring within bacterial
      heterodiploid clones appears to satisfy many of the expectations for genetic
      recombination in eukaryotes--including that of being in part at least classically
      reciprocal, with intraclonal reciprocals in equivalent numbers. While short map
      intervals show reduced recombination, large numbers of recombinations (one to two
      thirds) involve exchanges at or near the terminus and origin of bidirectional
      replication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6585305
TI  - Protoplasts of filamentous fungi in genetics and metabolite production.
AB  - Fungal protoplasts are interesting structures for genetic studies. They can be
      fused and their fusion products can revert to osmotic stable cells. The ability
      to fuse protoplasts of diverse origin makes them versatile tools in fundamental
      and applied genetics. Intraspecies protoplast fusion provides an efficient method
      to induce the parasexual cycle, making genetic analysis as well as strain
      breeding through mitotic recombination feasible in all kinds of species,
      regardless the occurrence of parasexuality by conventional means. Interspecies
      protoplast fusion allows the generation of different types of hybrids, depending
      on somatic and/or nuclear compatibility. Crosses between closely related species
      resulted in the formation of stable haploid recombinants as the consequence of
      genetic processes similar as occurring in the intraspecies parasexual cycle. From
      fusions between less related species hybrid progeny with differences in
      morphology and stability arose. Unstable hybrids segregated to other hybrid
      progeny or to one of the parental species, without recovery of the other parent.
      The exact genetic background of these hybrids remained obscure. Several studies
      demonstrated that the novel genetic combination arisen after interspecies
      protoplast fusion could result in changed gene expression and in the synthesis of
      novel or hybrid molecules.

PMID- 6585306
TI  - Interspecific somatic hybridisation in Aspergillus.

PMID- 6585307
TI  - Characteristic properties and biological significance of stable protoplast type L
      forms.

PMID- 6585309
TI  - [Multiple myeloma involving the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6585308
TI  - Inhibition of glucagon-stimulated hepatic glycogenolysis by E-series
      prostaglandins.
AB  - The effect of E-series prostaglandins (PGE) on hepatic glucose metabolism is
      controversial. This study uses isolated rat hepatocytes and exogenously added PGE
      analogs or frequent native PGE additions (to compensate for hepatic PGE
      degradation) to define PGE's effect on hepatic glycogenolysis. 16,16-Dimethyl
      PGE2, 15(S),15-methyl PGE2, PGE1 and PGE2 all inhibit glucagon-stimulated
      glycogenolysis. It is concluded that E-series prostaglandins can act directly on
      the liver to inhibit glycogenolysis.

PMID- 6585310
TI  - [Resorption of the mandible in scleroderma].

PMID- 6585311
TI  - [Fixed upper denture opposing a complete lower denture].

PMID- 6585312
TI  - [Differentiation of benign and malignant tumors of the oral cavity by an
      electrochemical method].

PMID- 6585313
TI  - PPOs--what they mean to dentistry.

PMID- 6585314
TI  - The pneumatic sponge-hinge axis locator.

PMID- 6585315
TI  - Future alternatives for dental practice.

PMID- 6585316
TI  - Employment of dental assistants in private offices: have forecasts been borne
      out?

PMID- 6585317
TI  - Employee leasing: career option of the future.

PMID- 6585318
TI  - Introducing yourself with style: creating an effective patient brochure.

PMID- 6585319
TI  - Choosing your benefits: what you should know about the new "Flexplans".

PMID- 6585320
TI  - Hiring for success.

PMID- 6585322
TI  - Ways to maintain optimum cash flow.

PMID- 6585321
TI  - How PPOs plan to bring you more patients.

PMID- 6585323
TI  - Investment portfolios for the times of your life.

PMID- 6585324
TI  - Forced retirement: how I coped with leaving dentistry.

PMID- 6585325
TI  - Incentive marketing can attract patients to your practice.

PMID- 6585326
TI  - Drugs in dentistry. Analgesics.

PMID- 6585327
TI  - Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis: clinical features, etiology and
      treatment.

PMID- 6585328
TI  - Evaluate the success of periodontal therapy in your practice.

PMID- 6585329
TI  - ADHA's survey of radiology instruction.

PMID- 6585330
TI  - Evaluating, dismissing staff.

PMID- 6585331
TI  - Legal aspects of firing an employee.

PMID- 6585333
TI  - Contracts should provide for associate partings. Part VI.

PMID- 6585332
TI  - Wage and hour pitfalls.

PMID- 6585334
TI  - Lack of stereopsis: a hidden handicap.

PMID- 6585335
TI  - Acupuncture: a sticky approach to analgesia.

PMID- 6585336
TI  - Preparing for state board exams. Part II. Case selection patient pooling for
      State Boards.

PMID- 6585337
TI  - Factors associated with toothbrushing behaviour in adolescents.

PMID- 6585338
TI  - An evaluation of 11 to 12-year-old's comprehension of toothbrush manufacturers'
      instructions.

PMID- 6585339
TI  - [HLA-DR groups in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis].

PMID- 6585340
TI  - Gene therapy: overregulation may be hazardous to our health.

PMID- 6585341
TI  - [Induced labor using intravaginal administration of tablets containing
      prostaglandin E2].

PMID- 6585342
TI  - [Loaiasis ("Calabar swelling")].

PMID- 6585343
TI  - Staff privileges for non-MDs outlined by state.

PMID- 6585344
TI  - Localization of a gene which complements branched-chain amino acid transaminase
      deficiency to the short arm of human chromosome 12.
AB  - A human X Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrid (J1) containing only one human
      chromosome (number 11) does not express branched-chain amino acid transaminase
      and, therefore, cannot grow if the branched-alpha-keto acids are substituted for
      the branched-chain amino acids in the growth medium. J1 cells, which are glycine
      auxotrophs (Gly-A), were fused with normal human lymphocytes and the resulting
      hybrids selectively isolated in glycine-free medium. A total of 16 primary and 46
      secondary clones were analyzed for isozymic and nutritional markers. Cytogenetic
      analysis with chromosome banding was also performed on selected hybrid clones.
      The results provide evidence that branched-chain amino acid transaminase is
      syntenic with lactic dehydrogenase B and is located on the short arm of human
      chromosome 12.

PMID- 6585345
TI  - Synchronization of human leukemic cells: relevance for high-resolution chromosome
      banding.
AB  - The cell-cycle kinetics of synchronized K562 human leukemic cells and bone marrow
      cells from adults with acute leukemia were studied in order to develop more
      reliable methods for producing increased numbers of mitoses, particularly those
      with elongated chromosomes suitable for high-resolution banding. Parameters
      examined included DNA content, mitotic index (MI), and chromosome preparations.
      K562 cells synchronized with methotrexate (MTX), thymidine (Tdr), or hydroxyurea
      (HU) showed two-fold increases in peak MI. Optimal harvesting times after release
      from block were approximately 10.5, 12.5, and 14.5 h for MTX, HU, and Tdr,
      respectively. MTX was selected for studies with cells from patients. Cells from 7
      of the 10 patients studied showed 4.4-fold increases in peak MI. The optimal
      harvesting time was 9.5 to 11.5 h after release from block, considerably later
      than the 6 h time previously assumed in studies using stimulated lymphocytes.
      Cells from the three remaining patients showed no increase in MI after
      synchronization; and the lack of response may have been related to the high
      proportion of cells in G0+G1 prior to MTX exposure. For both the K562 cell line
      and most patient specimens, the combination of synchronization with appropriate
      release times and short Colcemid exposure (10 min) resulted in substantially
      improved chromosome preparations.

PMID- 6585347
TI  - Evaluating pedigree data. II. Identifying the cause of error in families with
      inconsistencies.
AB  - Pedigree data can be evaluated, and subsequently corrected, by analysis of the
      distribution of genetic markers, taking account of the possibility of mistyping .
      Using a model of pedigree error developed previously, we obtained the maximum
      likelihood estimates of error parameters in pedigree data from Tokelau. Posterior
      probabilities for the possible true relationships in each family are conditional
      on the putative relationships and the marker data are calculated using the
      parameter estimates. These probabilities are used as a basis for discriminating
      between pedigree error and genetic marker errors in families where
      inconsistencies have been observed. When applied to the Tokelau data and compared
      with the results of retyping inconsistent families, these statistical procedures
      are able to discriminate between pedigree and marker error, with approximately
      90% accuracy, for families with two or more offspring. The large proportion of
      inconsistencies inferred to be due to marker error (61%) indicates the importance
      of discriminating between error sources when judging the reliability of putative
      relationship data. Application of our model of pedigree error has proved to be an
      efficient way of determining and subsequently correcting sources of error in
      extensive pedigree data collected in large surveys.

PMID- 6585346
TI  - A sensitive and dependable assay for distinguishing hamster and human X-linked
      steroid sulfatase activity in somatic cell hybrids.
AB  - A radioisotopic assay is described to distinguish between Chinese hamster and
      human steroid sulfatase activity in extracts prepared from hamster X human
      somatic cell hybrids. This assay is based on different pH optima and provides a
      sensitive and unambiguous biochemical marker for the short arm of the human X
      chromosome and as well as for otherwise genetically inactivated X chromosomes in
      rodent X human hybrids.

PMID- 6585348
TI  - C4 allotyping distinguishes HLA-B14.1 and B14.2 subgroups.
AB  - Complement allotyping (C4, C2, and BF) was performed in 60 unrelated individuals
      and 15 families characterized for the subtypes (14.1 and 14.2) within HLA-B14.
      Eighty-seven percent of B14.2 individuals typed positive for the rare C4A2
      variant. In contrast, less than 7% of B14.1 individuals were positive for this C4
      allotype which is in keeping with a control background frequency. Family studies
      revealed that three distinct complotypes (complement haplotypes) are
      characteristic for the two HLA-B14 subgroups. The SC22 and FC31 complotypes
      characterize the B14.2 subtype, whereas SC31 appears to define B14.1.

PMID- 6585349
TI  - Red cell enzymes in acute leukemia in relapse & remission.

PMID- 6585350
TI  - Pink-eye--a new sex-linked mutant of Culex quinquefasciatus.

PMID- 6585351
TI  - Primary osteogenic sarcoma of the skull (report of a case).

PMID- 6585352
TI  - Interferon-induced changes in the susceptibility of murine and human lymphoma
      cells to natural cytotoxic lymphocytes.
AB  - Mouse YAC-1 and human K562 leukemic cells were treated in vitro with fibroblast
      interferon (IF) and tested for their susceptibility to NK effector lymphocytes.
      In both cases a decrease in target susceptibility was induced by the IF
      treatment. "Cold" competition experiments confirmed that loss or masking of NK
      target structures occurred in IF-pretreated cells. In fact, when radio-labeled
      untreated cells were used as targets, IF-pretreated leukemias produced inhibitory
      effects lower than those mediated by intact cells. However when IF-pretreated
      targets were used, cold cells either intact or preincubated with IF gave similar
      competitive effects. These data suggest that IF modulates differentially distinct
      subsets of NK target structures.

PMID- 6585354
TI  - HLA-A,B,C and DR antigens in Asaro speakers of Papua New Guinea.
AB  - The HLA profile of the Asaro speakers of Papua New Guinea exhibits restricted
      polymorphisms. Antigens like AW24, MT1, and MB1 were present in almost every
      individual assayed. A CW6-related antigen and a DR locus antigen FT19 (a split of
      DRW6), not previously found in Pacific populations, were observed in a
      significant number of individuals. Ancestral HLA-B,C haplotypic combinations,
      such as B13, CW4 and BW60,CW3, were frequently found. Preliminary evidence is
      provided for an association between BW62 and CW65 in this population. The
      observed distributions of multiple-locus heterozygosities are similar to those
      expected under the null hypothesis of linkage equilibrium. The results indicate
      that the Asaro, among other highland populations, have been isolated long enough
      for pre-existing linkage disequilibria at recombinational distances of 0.8% or
      more (such as occur with HLA-A,B and HLA-B,DR haplotypes) to have broken down.

PMID- 6585353
TI  - The effects of flurbiprofen and indomethacin on the mitogenic response of human
      peripheral mononuclear cells.
AB  - The effects of flurbiprofen (FBP) and indomethacin (INDO) on the incorporation of
      [3H]thymidine into human peripheral mononuclear cells after stimulation with
      phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) were
      investigated. FBP and INDO enhanced [3H]thymidine incorporation only at
      suboptimal concentrations of PHA and Con A but the concentration of PWM was less
      critical. Enhancement depended upon the presence of mononuclear cells which could
      be removed by adherence to plastic: these may be tentatively identified as
      monocytes (macrophages). INDO enhanced [3H]thymidine uptake to a greater degree
      than FBP and its effect was decreased to a greater extent by removal of
      monocytes. The enhancing effects of INDO and FBP are completely reversible by
      thorough washing of cells which had been exposed to the drugs and could be
      regained by direct addition of drugs to previously washed cells. Concurrent
      addition of both drugs to cell cultures showed neither antagonism nor synergy
      with respect to the effect of one drug alone. PGE2 inhibited [3H]thymidine
      incorporation. Like that of FBP and INDO, this action was dependent on mitogenic
      dose and apparent at suboptimal doses only. A low concentration of exogenous PGE2
      (2 ng/ml) was sufficient to prevent the enhancing effect of both FBP and INDO.

PMID- 6585355
TI  - Understanding leukemic children's coping behavior within the family context: two
      case presentations.

PMID- 6585356
TI  - Hypnosis and the patient-therapist relationship.

PMID- 6585357
TI  - Sexual attitudes of males in a protected environment.

PMID- 6585358
TI  - A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of dental phobia.

PMID- 6585359
TI  - Correcting perceptual abnormalities, anorexia nervosa and obesity by use of
      hypnosis.

PMID- 6585360
TI  - Psychosomatic elements in 18 consecutive cancer regressions positively not due to
      somatic therapy.

PMID- 6585361
TI  - Seasonal changes in steroidogenesis in the testis of the rhesus monkey (Macaca
      mulatta).
AB  - To investigate the influence of seasonal changes from breeding to nonbreeding
      season on testicular steroidogenesis in the adult rhesus monkey, two animals were
      hemiorchidectomized in November and the second testis of each was removed the
      following April. Intratesticular steroid concentrations related to the formation
      of testosterone from pregnenolone were measured by radioimmunoassay. Related
      steroidogenic enzyme activities were also assayed and dynamic studies of the
      bioconversion of radiolabeled precursor steroids by testicular microsomes were
      performed. Testosterone was synthesized from pregnenolone through both
      dehydroepiandrosterone and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. No distinct differences
      were found in the testosterone biosynthetic pathway between testes in breeding
      and nonbreeding seasons. In the breeding season, intratesticular testosterone
      concentrations, the sum of intratesticular steroids measured, and the ratio of
      testosterone to the steroid sum were increased when compared to those in the
      nonbreeding season. No major seasonal changes in microsome enzyme activities were
      found, although enzyme activities, except for delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase for C21-steroids, were slightly higher in the breeding season. We
      conclude that increased testosterone production in the testis during the breeding
      season is due primarily to increased pregnenolone supply from Leydig cell
      mitochondria and, to a lesser extent, to an enhanced pregnenolone bioconversion
      to testosterone in the microsomes.

PMID- 6585362
TI  - Amitriptyline and contact lenses.

PMID- 6585363
TI  - Subunit constitution of electrophoretically purified xanthine dehydrogenase of
      avian liver.
AB  - Chick liver xanthine dehydrogenase was highly purified by preparative
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at the final step of purification, which
      allowed removal of another contaminating, xanthine-oxidizing enzyme showing a
      molecular mass of about 380K daltons. Purified XDH showed a specific activity
      higher than 2,500 units per mg of protein. On treatment with sodium dodecyl
      sulfate and 2-mercapto-ethanol, XDH was split into two subunits (named as alpha
      and beta) of different size in an equimolar ratio. The molecular weights of these
      subunits were estimated as 155K for alpha and 135K for beta. In the form of
      sodium dodecyl sulfate-complex, subunit alpha tended to degrade into smaller
      peptides, whereas subunit beta was relatively stable.

PMID- 6585364
TI  - Effect of ethanol on the enzymatic sulfation of glycosphingolipids in gastric
      mucosa.
AB  - The enzyme activity which catalyzes the transfer of sulfate group from 3'
      phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to C-3 of the galactose residue of
      galactosylceramide and lactosylceramide has been demonstrated in the Triton X-100
      extracts of the microsomal fraction of rat gastric mucosa. The sulfotransferase
      activity of this fraction in antral mucosa was 1.2-1.3 times greater than that of
      the body and 19-22 times greater than that of the forestomach. The enzyme did not
      catalyze the transfer of sulfate to glucosylceramide, trihexosylceramide, and
      triglucosyl monoalkylmonoacylglycerol. Optimum enzymatic activity was obtained
      using 0.4% Triton X-100, 33 mM NaF, and 15 mM MgCl2 at a pH of 6.8. The
      sulfotransferase activity was inhibited by ethanol. With both glycolipid
      substrates, little inhibition of enzyme activity was obtained up to 0.5 M
      ethanol. However, higher concentrations of ethanol produced severe inhibitory
      effect. This inhibition of sulfation of galactosylceramide and lactosylceramide
      by ethanol was of the competitive type. The apparent KI values were 8.3 X 10(-5)
      for galactosylceramide and 5.6 X 10(-5) for lactosylceramide.

PMID- 6585365
TI  - Monoclonal antibody specific for lactosylceramide.
AB  - The mouse hybridoma line T5A7 was derived during studies aimed at mapping human
      myeloid differentiation antigens. The IgM antibody secreted by this line
      recognizes an antigen richly expressed on mature myelomonocytic cells and on a
      subpopulation of lectin-activated human T-lymphocytes (Andrews, R. G., Torok
      Storb, B., and Bernstein, I. D. (1983) Blood 62, 124-132). In the present study,
      we have determined the specificity of T5A7 antibody to be directed to
      lactosylceramide (Gal beta 1----4Glc beta 1----1 Cer) based on direct and
      indirect binding assays using a variety of glycolipids with known structures. The
      antibody did not cross-react with glycolipids having an N-acetyllactosamine
      terminus, including lactoneotetraosylceramide lactonorhexaosylceramide (i
      antigen), and lactoisooctaosylceramide (I antigen). The possible contribution of
      ceramide to the reactivity of lactosylceramide with this antibody was also
      studied using lactosylceramide preparations having different fatty acid
      composition.

PMID- 6585366
TI  - Analysis of bile acids by micro high-performance liquid chromatography with
      postcolumn enzyme reaction and fluorometric detection.
AB  - Free and conjugated bile acids in human sera were analyzed by micro high
      performance liquid chromatography with detection by an immobilized hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase postcolumn reaction and a spectrofluorometer. Bile acids could be
      effectively collected on a precolumn, 10 X 0.2 mm I.D., packed with silica-ODS
      (octadecylsilane), by passing a dilute phosphate solution of a serum through it.
      The detection limit was 0.13-0.28 pmole for a single-to-noise ratio of 2. An
      amount of 0.1 ml of serum was enough for analysing each bile acid in it.

PMID- 6585367
TI  - Rapid quantitative determination of seven anthracyclines and their hydroxy
      metabolites in body fluids.
AB  - A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method is described for
      the determination of seven anthracycline analogues and their hydroxy metabolites.
      The method is suitable for analysis of 30 plasma samples a day. The detection
      limit is 0.5 ng/ml for all compounds. Examples of the pharmacokinetics of
      adriamycin and carminomycin in man are shown.

PMID- 6585369
TI  - Periodontal repair after surgical debridement with and without cartilage
      allografts.
AB  - The effect of a cartilage allograft on healing in intrabony defects treated by
      open flap curettage was investigated at 130 surgical sites in 4 patients. Thinned
      mucoperiosteal flaps were elevated and the intrabony defects were debrided. A
      stent with stainless steel pins was used to measure defect depth at fixed
      locations adjacent to the root surfaces. The bony defects treated ranged from 0-9
      mm with a mean intraosseous depth of 2.4 mm. 62 sites received cartilage implants
      and 68 sites were treated by surgical debridement only. The flaps were readapted
      and sutured to the level of the alveolar crest. After 16 weeks the defects were
      remeasured. Both treatment methods resulted in a mean apical shift of -0.09 mm of
      the base of the defects that were less than 3 mm and a mean coronal shift of 0.9
      mm in defects that were greater than 3.5 mm in depth. The repair in deeper
      lesions increased with the number of intrabony walls. Mean pocket depth at flap
      curettage sites was reduced from 5.4-3.3 mm (P less than 0.01) at 16 weeks. At
      sites receiving the cartilage, the mean pocket depth decreased from 5.6-3.6 mm (P
      less than 0.01). Pocket reduction resulted from a combination of surgical
      recession and a mean gain of 1 mm in clinical attachment (P less than 0.05 for
      flap curettage sites only). The cartilage implants provided no statistically
      significant advantage in either bony or soft tissue repair over flap debridement
      alone. Although bony repair is influenced by depth and configuration of the
      intrabony defects, significant gains in attachment and reductions in pocket depth
      may occur independently of changes at the base of the intrabony defects.

PMID- 6585370
TI  - Toothbrushing efficiency in smokers and non-smokers.
AB  - The present study was conducted to determine whether smokers have more plaque
      than non-smokers, and whether higher plaque scores subsequently found in smokers
      could be explained by differences in toothbrushing time, efficiency and
      frequency. Plaque was scored from photographs, before and after toothbrushing, in
      64 smokers and 64 non-smokers, aged 20-40 years, matched for age and sex. The
      results showed that in both sexes smokers had more plaque than non-smokers. Male
      smokers brushed for a shorter time, and had more plaque after toothbrushing, than
      male non-smokers. A similar, though non-significant trend was found in females.
      There was no association between tobacco consumption and frequency of
      toothbrushing. It was concluded that the poorer oral cleanliness found in smokers
      both before and after toothbrushing may be explained, in part at least, by their
      shorter toothbrushing time.

PMID- 6585368
TI  - New avian model of experimental glomerulonephritis consistent with mediation by
      cellular immunity. Nonhumorally mediated glomerulonephritis in chickens.
AB  - The present study examined the role of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in the
      production of experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis (EAG) in chickens
      deficient in humorally mediated immunity (HMI). Cyclophosphamide bursectomized
      (Bsx) and normal control chickens were used. Bsx chickens were used only if they
      had severe depression of HMI, which was evidenced by marked reduction in bursal
      weights (0.89 +/- 0.23 vs. 2.92 +/- 0.9 g), decreased serum IgG to less than or
      equal to 10% of normal, and total lack of HMI to immunization with sheep red
      blood cells. EAG was produced by immunizing chickens with bovine glomerular
      basement membrane (GBM) in complete Freund's adjuvant. CMI manifested by wattle
      thickness increments to PPD was not different, 3.89 +/- 0.45 mm for Bsx compared
      with 3.73 +/- 0.75 mm for controls. No circulating antibodies to GBM developed in
      68% of Bsx chickens, and the anti-GBM titers were less than 1:312 in those Bsx
      chickens positive for antibody compared with greater than 2,000 for controls. GBM
      deposits of IgG by fluorescence were much decreased, 0.53 +/- 0.16 compared with
      2.19 +/- 0.32 for controls, and were absent in 64% of Bsx chickens. Nonetheless,
      proliferative nephritis with crescents was present and was even more severe in
      Bsx chickens than in controls, with glomerular sizes of 20.8 +/- 0.6 U for Bsx
      GBM, 19.8 +/- 1.2 for control-GBM, 14.9 +/- 1.5 for Bsx, and 13.6 +/- 0.8 for
      normal chickens. Nephritic eluates did not produce disease in normal chickens,
      while administration of sensitized cells with [H3]thymidine to naive birds was
      associated with increased mesangial grain counts by autoradiography. These
      findings suggest that CMI plays a major role in the pathogenesis of EAG in
      chickens in the absence of HMI. By implication, CMI may be crucial in the
      development of other types of glomerulonephritis as well.

PMID- 6585371
TI  - Effect of combined systemic antimicrobial therapy and mechanical plaque control
      in patients with recurrent periodontal disease.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of systemic antimicrobial
      therapy and mechanical plaque control in patients with recurrent periodontal
      disease. 9 patients volunteered for the combined therapy. At a baseline
      examination they were randomly distributed into 2 groups, one given tetracycline
      therapy for 2 weeks and the other metronidazole therapy for 1 week. A mechanical
      plaque control program comprising oral hygiene training, professional cleaning of
      all teeth and subgingival debridement at diseased sites was carried out at the
      baseline examination and at all recall visits, i.e. once every month during the
      first 6 months and then after 9, 12, and 18 months. The results demonstrated
      clinically and microbiologically that a combination of an initial antimicrobial
      and a continuous systematic mechanical plaque control program may be a valuable
      therapeutic approach in a strictly selected group of refractory patients.
      Recurrent periodontal lesions which still displayed severe inflammation despite
      renewed conventional therapy showed a marked reduction in probing depths,
      bleeding and suppuration from the pockets, and further, a reduced presence of
      spirochetes and motile rods during the trial. The results indicate that the level
      and longevity of success is also related to whether or not self-performed oral
      hygiene measures are sufficiently carried out. No superior effect of the combined
      program could be observed in cooperating patients receiving tetracycline as
      compared with those given metronidazole.

PMID- 6585372
TI  - Comparison of the clinical effectiveness of a single and a double headed
      toothbrush.
AB  - A 3-way, blind, cross-over study was done to compare the plaque removing effects
      of a double headed toothbrush with a popular single headed flat toothbrush in 39
      patients instructed in specific oral hygiene techniques. Both brushes were used
      with the modified Bass technique for 1 week each, whilst for an additional
      consecutive week, the single headed brush was used with the modified Bass and
      roll techniques combined. The results of this study indicated that, lingually,
      the double headed brush was superior to the flat single headed brush, whilst
      buccally no difference was found. With single headed toothbrushes the combined
      toothbrushing action of the modified Bass and roll techniques was less efficient
      than the modified Bass technique alone in the removal of dental plaque.

PMID- 6585373
TI  - The rests of Malassez and chronic marginal periodontitis.
AB  - The structure of the rests of Malassez and the relationship which they bear to
      the junctional epithelium in the marginal region of pigs' molars was
      investigated. A 3-dimensional picture of the marginal rests and their
      relationship to the junctional epithelium was built up by means of standardized
      photomicrographs made from serial sections. In teeth involved in chronic marginal
      inflammation, the rests in this region appeared to form a continuous network and
      we confirmed the original suggestion of Grant & Bernick that, at frequent
      intervals, the junctional epithelium"... seemed to be continuous with the
      epithelial rests in the upper third of the root...". If the anatomical
      relationship of the rests in man resembles that seen in the pig and they form a
      continuous network communicating at intervals with the junctional epithelium,
      this relationship must inevitably lead to speculation about the effects of any
      potential for reactive proliferative equivalent to that which is frequently seen
      in the apical region. It is possible that the rests might be acting as the "thin
      end of the wedge", augmenting and facilitating apical migration of the junctional
      epithelium during the pathogenesis of the periodontal pocket.

PMID- 6585374
TI  - The relationship between attachment level loss and alveolar bone loss.
AB  - Standardized radiographs and repeated periodontal probe measurements were made on
      22 untreated subjects with destructive periodontal disease monitored for 1 year.
      Radiographs of selected sites were taken at 0, 6 and 12 months. Measurements of
      attachment level were made monthly. Radiographic measurements were made on 7X
      magnified projected images. Alveolar bone height from the CEJ was computed by
      multiplying the average length of the root times the measured ratio of CEJ to
      alveolar bone over CEJ to root tip. Each radiograph was measured twice by 2
      investigators. Sites were excluded as having indistinct anatomical landmarks in
      which the standard deviation of the 4 measurements exceeded 0.16 mm, the
      measurement error for repeat determination of bone height on high quality
      radiographic images. A 3 sigma critical value for significant bone loss was
      selected as 0.48 mm. Changes in attachment level were computed for the intervals
      preceding and during the 6-12 month radiographic measurement period. Based on
      these critical values, 6.1% of the 231 radiographed sites showed significant bone
      loss. Similarly, 5.7% of the 1155 probed sites showed significant attachment
      loss. However, none of the sites with significant bone loss exhibited significant
      attachment loss over the same time period. In general, significant attachment
      loss preceded bone loss by 6 to 8 months. At 4 mm, attachment loss was found to
      predict subsequent bone loss with a true positive ratio of 60% and a false
      positive ratio of 5%, indicating a high degree of predictive discrimination.
      These observations indicate that attachment loss precedes radiographic evidence
      of crestal alveolar bone loss during periods of periodontal disease activity.

PMID- 6585375
TI  - Isotretinoin for oral lichen planus.

PMID- 6585376
TI  - Paronychia and pyogenic granuloma-like lesions with isotretinoin.

PMID- 6585377
TI  - Prostaglandin F2 alpha for lactating dairy cows with a palpable corpus luteum but
      unobserved estrus.
AB  - Two experiments in 17 dairy herds were for the effectiveness of prostaglandin F2
      alpha (treatment) in reducing luteolysis and inducing intervals to conception of
      308 cycling lactating dairy cows. Cows with unobserved estrus before first
      insemination (Experiment 1) and nonpregnant cows with unobserved estrus after
      insemination (Experiment 2) were eligible for treatment. Cows in Experiment 1
      were assigned alternately either to an untreated control group of 85 or to a
      group of 138 that received 25 mg prostaglandin F2 alpha after detection of a
      corpus luteum by ovarian palpation. Cows were inseminated either at estrus or at
      72 and 96 h posttreatment in the absence of detected estrus. Intervals from
      treatment to estrus, to first service, and to conception were longer for controls
      than for treated cows. Conception at first service was similar for controls (39%)
      and for treated (43%) cows. Procedures were similar for Experiment 2. Intervals
      from treatment to estrus and treatment to first service were longer for control
      cows, and treatment to conception tended to be longer for 39 controls than for 46
      treated cows. Conception at first service was similar controls (52%) and treated
      (44%) cows. Prostaglandin F2 alpha was 91% effective for inducing luteolysis
      based on progesterone concentrations in blood serum. Successful treatment was
      dependent upon accurate diagnosis of a functional corpus luteum. Days from
      treatment to conception were reduced for cows with unobserved estrus if treated
      cows were inseminated at estrus or by appointment in the absence of detected
      estrus.

PMID- 6585378
TI  - Amine fluoride and monofluorophosphate: II. Pooled results of 56 independent rat
      caries tests.

PMID- 6585379
TI  - Amine fluoride and monofluorophosphate: III. Rat caries inhibition by topical
      applications daily or every 5th day.

PMID- 6585380
TI  - Fabrication of a more durable fixed anterior esthetic appliance.

PMID- 6585381
TI  - Pathological effects of sickle cell anemia on the pulp.

PMID- 6585382
TI  - Alcohol-nutrition interaction (1983).
AB  - Alcohol remains a prevailing cause of malnutrition resulting in a variety of
      deficiency states secondary to decreased intake of nutrients. In addition to
      various well-described primary malnutrition syndromes, secondary malnutrition may
      result from the interference of ethanol with nutrient digestion, absorption or
      utilization. Some of the latter alcohol-nutrient interactions have been recently
      defined and their pathogenesis is discussed here. Included are interactions with
      thiamin, folic acid, vitamin A and disorders secondary to amino acid imbalances.
      The rationale for various forms of therapy is reviewed, including the pitfalls of
      excess nutrient administration (particularly as it pertains to pyridoxine,
      vitamin A and amino acids). Desirability of recognizing early precirrhotic stages
      of alcoholic fibrosis is emphasized in order to start therapy prior to the
      medical and/or social disintegration of the alcoholic.

PMID- 6585383
TI  - Parental attitudes and dental disease in preschool children in Iowa.

PMID- 6585384
TI  - The development of a compound odontoma.

PMID- 6585385
TI  - Mandibular second permanent molars impacted by the third molars: case report.

PMID- 6585386
TI  - The topical fluorides - how should they be used?

PMID- 6585387
TI  - The union of dental behavioral and clinical science: educational and research
      prospectives.
AB  - It has been argued that behavioral scientists too wedded to their disciplines are
      merely interlopers in dentistry. According to this argument, these individuals
      see dentistry as a laboratory for investigation but care little for the problems
      faced by clinicians. No doubt this has been true in some cases. However, since
      the growth of the discipline of behavioral medicine in the 1970s, a substantial
      number of behavioral scientists have been attracted to the basic problems of
      clinical science. These individuals have neither been seeking the role of part
      time questionnaire designer, programmer, or statistician, nor are they simply
      seeking a laboratory for their studies. Academicians involved in behavioral
      medicine are genuinely interested in clinical phenomena in the healing sciences.
      The collaboration of behavioral scientists and clinical dental investigators has
      much to offer. The isolated clinician collecting data without methodological
      rigor is unlikely to make a major contribution. Behavioral scientists can add,
      beyond technical expertise, to the methodology or logic of the investigator.
      Moreover, the behavioral scientist and clinician may produce an enhanced
      understanding of behavioral factors important in clinical practice. This model
      for research also has implications for teaching and service. Courses integrating
      behavioral and clinical science can be offered based on the results of the
      collaborative research. Clinics employing both professional groups can use this
      knowledge to treat dental fear, TMJ disorders, and other problems effectively.
      Careful recruitment and training of behavioral scientists with research skills is
      needed.

PMID- 6585388
TI  - A comprehensive stress-reduction program for dental students.
AB  - This paper describes the efforts of the Behavioral Science Department of the
      University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine to develop a comprehensive
      program for reducing student stress. Components of this program include the
      school's overall orientation, the student advising and counseling system, and
      student-oriented programs and courses. The concept of stress management provides
      a useful framework for guiding the development of such programs and is relevant
      to both dentistry and dental education.

PMID- 6585390
TI  - Teaching dental anatomy with light-activated resins.
AB  - A method has been described in which light-activated resins are incorporated into
      the dental anatomy laboratory. This procedure is a valuable addition to the
      anatomy course because students (1) work with a restorative material appropriate
      for anterior teeth, (2) learn the unique properties of the light-activated
      resins, and (3) apply the principles of dental anatomy to a clinically relevant
      task.

PMID- 6585389
TI  - Susceptibility and immunity to hepatitis B and rubella in a dental school
      population.
AB  - The incidence of hepatitis B infections and the rubella susceptibility of females
      was assessed in a dental school population, utilizing a commercially available
      enzyme immunosorbent assay. Surface antibody to hepatitis B virus was found in 8
      percent of those individuals who provide direct patient care. The number of
      subjects nonimmune to rubella virus was 9 percent. Ninety percent of the
      individuals tested for past hepatitis B infection gave no knowledge of previous
      illness. More than half of the nonimmune rubella subjects gave a positive history
      of previous vaccinations or actual measles infection. This study supports the
      concern that patient histories present some shortcomings when used as monitors of
      disease history with regard to the rubella and hepatitis B viruses, and
      demonstrates the value of low-cost, expedient screening in institutions involved
      in educating health professionals.

PMID- 6585392
TI  - Curricular guide for physical evaluation.

PMID- 6585391
TI  - Curricular guidelines for clinical competency by dental auxiliaries in dental
      radiography.

PMID- 6585393
TI  - Dental educators' salaries and inflationary trends.

PMID- 6585394
TI  - A rater training program in removable prosthodontics.
AB  - Four faculty members in removable prosthodontics participated in a three-phase
      rater training program. Nine complete dentures were given an overall rating by
      three outside experts to obtain an accuracy measure. A three-point rating scale
      was used: R (cannot be appreciably improved), S (clinically acceptable), and T
      (clinically unacceptable). During the pretraining phase, the average interrater
      reliability was .57 as estimated by intraclass correlation, and the mean accuracy
      correlation was .76. The rater training phase consisted of a four-hour session
      including presentations and discussions of rating terminology and formats,
      observer accuracy, and related issues. In the post-training phase, the same nine
      complete dentures were rated by the four faculty members, using the same three
      point rating scale and a five-point scale. The average post-training interrater
      reliabilities were .56 and .76 on the three- and five-point scales, respectively.
      The mean accuracy correlation was .78.

PMID- 6585395
TI  - A factor analysis of students' ratings of clinical teaching.
AB  - Factor analytic methods were used to uncover what students perceive to be the
      underlying dimensions of clinical teaching. Results of this study were based on
      1,796 ratings of clinical instruction completed by 226 students on 104 faculty
      members. The four factors students found basic to effective clinic instruction
      were: 1) an instructor meeting teaching responsibilities, 2) an instructor
      behaving in a manner conducive to clinical learning, 3) an instructor being
      technically competent, and 4) an instructor enjoying his or her job. The first
      factor was the strongest, accounting for the majority of the explained variance.
      Providing faculty with students' summary ratings on these four factors may
      encourage improvement in clinical teaching skills.

PMID- 6585397
TI  - Curricular guidelines for oral biology.

PMID- 6585396
TI  - Changing responsibilities for dental students and laboratory technicians.

PMID- 6585398
TI  - Future of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

PMID- 6585399
TI  - Amalgam controversy.

PMID- 6585400
TI  - An unbalanced future?

PMID- 6585401
TI  - Treatment for oropharyngeal candidiasis.

PMID- 6585402
TI  - Effect of a mandibular orthopedic repositioning appliance on muscular strength.
AB  - Three tests of large-muscle group strength were performed on 14 football players
      from the University of Louisville. Strength tests were performed with no
      mouthpiece, with a placebo mouthpiece, and with a MORA mouthpiece. A repeated
      measures ANOVA showed no significant differences between any of the tests,
      suggesting that the MORA has no effect on muscular strength.

PMID- 6585404
TI  - Sanguinarine, a new antiplaque agent: retention and plaque specificity.
AB  - Sanguinarine, a component of sanguinaria extract, was investigated for anti
      plaque activity and retention in the oral cavity. Oral rinses containing
      sanguinaria extract showed antiplaque activity in humans. Uptake and retention
      levels of sanguinarine in plaque and saliva were determined by high-pressure
      liquid chromatography and sanguinarine levels in plaque were higher than in vitro
      minimum inhibitory concentrations against oral aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
      Further, sanguinarine was able to disclose plaque with the aid of long-wave
      ultraviolet light and was retained longer than erythrosine and sodium fluorescein
      as shown by measurement of plaque area. It was concluded that sanguinarine has a
      high specificity and retention in dental plaque. The plaque-retentive properties
      in combination with antimicrobial action may be responsible for its clinical anti
      plaque efficacy.

PMID- 6585405
TI  - Attitudes of dentists and consumers toward advertising.

PMID- 6585403
TI  - Changes in shoulder and leg strength in athletes wearing mandibular orthopedic
      repositioning appliances.

PMID- 6585406
TI  - Denture marking.
AB  - Reluctance about the identification marking of dentures has been the result of
      high costs and technical marking problems. The ID band system described here is
      inexpensive, fast, and requires no expensive special equipment. Embedding the
      band in a suitable part of the denture provides fully legible, radiopaque,
      lasting evidence of the denture wearer's identity. Since 1981, all dentures made
      in Sweden have been legally required to be marked.

PMID- 6585407
TI  - The inferior alveolar and mylohyoid nerves: an anatomic study and relationship to
      local anesthesia of the anterior mandibular teeth.
AB  - The distance between the branching point of the mylohyoid nerve to the entrance
      of the inferior alveolar nerve into the mandibular canal was studied in 37 adult
      human cadavers. On the average, this branching distance was 14.7 mm, which is
      greater than previously reported. Also found was a 43% incidence of extension of
      the mylohyoid nerve beyond the muscle to foramina on the lingual aspect of the
      mandible. If the mylohyoid nerve mediates sensory information from the anterior
      incisors, then the factor of an increased branching distance may become important
      in terms of the dilution of the anesthetic agent during diffusion and the amount
      of nerve length exposed to the anesthetic agent. These findings may also account
      in part for the purported greater success of the so-called Gow-Gates type of
      injection technique compared with that of the conventional mandibular block.

PMID- 6585408
TI  - Dental supplies and equipment price indexes, update to 1983. Bureau of Economic
      and Behavioral Research.

PMID- 6585409
TI  - Patch tests for sensitivity to mercury or nickel. Council of Dental Materials,
      Instruments, and Equipment. Council on Dental Therapeutics.

PMID- 6585410
TI  - Herpes simplex virus disease: implications for dental personnel. Council on
      Dental Therapeutics.

PMID- 6585411
TI  - Dentistry on stamps.

PMID- 6585412
TI  - Oral and perioral pigmented macules in a patient with gastric and intestinal
      polyposis.
AB  - A case of hereditary intestinal polyposis and orofacial pigmentation is
      presented. Recognition of the characteristic pigmentation by dentists may lead to
      early diagnosis of associated hamartomatous polyps or neoplastic disease that may
      be life-threatening.

PMID- 6585413
TI  - Tourette's syndrome: advances in treatment and research.

PMID- 6585414
TI  - Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. An overview of clinical experience.

PMID- 6585415
TI  - The risk of Tourette's syndrome and chronic multiple tics among relatives of
      Tourette's syndrome patients obtained by direct interview.

PMID- 6585416
TI  - Provocative drug testing in Tourette's syndrome: d- and l-amphetamine and
      haloperidol.

PMID- 6585417
TI  - A new instrument for clinical studies of Tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6585418
TI  - Growth hormone response to clonidine in children ages 4-17: Tourette's syndrome
      vs. children with short stature.

PMID- 6585419
TI  - Relaxation of rabbit aorta by chlordimeform.
AB  - Chlordimeform N'-(4-choro-O-tolyl)-N,N-dimethyl-formamidine; CDF), an acaracide
      insecticide, relaxed helically cut strips of rabbit thoracic aorta and
      deadventitiated aorta strips. Relaxations by CDF of aorta strips contracted by 5
      x 10(-7) M prostaglandin F2 alpha were not altered by the antimuscarinic agent
      atropine (10(-5) M), the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol (10(-5) M), the
      histamine H2 antagonist cimetidine (2 x 10(-4) M), the dopamine antagonist
      haloperidol (10(-5) M) or the Na+-K+-ATPase inhibitor ouabain (5 x 10(-6) M). CDF
      further relaxed deadventitiated strips contracted by 10(-6) M NE or 40 mM
      potassium and then partially relaxed by 10(-5) M verapamil. CDF (10(-5) M)
      potentiated contractions caused by the addition of calcium to potassium
      depolarized strips in zero calcium media, but higher concentrations reduced
      calcium-induced contractions. The highest CDF concentration (10(-2) M) not only
      prevented tension increase on calcium addition, but also progressively decreased
      tension to below baseline levels. The addition of 10(-2) M CDF to aorta strips
      not contracted by a vasoactive agent decreased resting tension. This relaxation
      was usually maximal at 10(-3) M and less at 10(-2) M. Thus, CDF relaxes vascular
      smooth muscle, not by antagonism at the usual vascular relaxant receptors, but by
      interference with calcium utilization.

PMID- 6585420
TI  - Monoclonal anti-human monocyte antibodies OKM1 and OKM5 possess distinctive
      tissue distributions including differential reactivity with vascular endothelium.

PMID- 6585421
TI  - Indiana well elderly: profile of perceived oral health needs and utilization of
      services.

PMID- 6585422
TI  - A survey of denture care and denture provider characteristics in the state of
      Indiana.

PMID- 6585424
TI  - Alternatives in dental office computer systems.

PMID- 6585423
TI  - ABC's periodontics. "D" is for desquamative gingivitis.

PMID- 6585425
TI  - Marketing vs. National Children's Dental Health Month.

PMID- 6585427
TI  - [Late adolescent growth of the skull and face in skeletal Class III malocclusion
      in Japanese girls. Average growth from 14 to 17 years of age based on
      longitudinal data].

PMID- 6585426
TI  - Expression of MY7 antigen on myeloid precursor cells.
AB  - A murine monoclonal antibody (anti-MY7) has been developed that detects an
      antigen expressed by 6% of normal human bone marrow cells, including
      approximately 40% of myeloid colony-forming cells (CFU-C). The number of bone
      marrow cells and CFU-C expressing MY7 is significantly increased in regenerating
      bone marrow, but less than 5% of peripheral blood CFU-C express the MY7 antigen.
      Erythroid precursors are MY7 negative from peripheral blood and bone marrow.
      Thymidine suicide studies indicate that CFU-C in S-phase tend to be MY7 positive
      while CFU-C not in S-phase are MY7 negative. MY7 expression thus appears to
      identify a fraction of CFU-C that is actively proliferating.

PMID- 6585428
TI  - [Generational differences in occlusion and tooth to denture base discrepancies in
      Kagoshima city].

PMID- 6585429
TI  - [A study on functional factors in mandibular protrusion].

PMID- 6585430
TI  - [The movement of the molar in extraoral anchorage (IV)].

PMID- 6585431
TI  - [Craniofacial morphology in two pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for cleft
      palate].

PMID- 6585432
TI  - [Statistics in orthodontics: its use and fallacy (I)].

PMID- 6585433
TI  - [Firing patterns of bulbar reticular neurons during food ingestion in the
      immobilized cat. Relation between jaw movement and masticatory muscle
      activities].

PMID- 6585434
TI  - [Tooth movement during loading].

PMID- 6585435
TI  - [Permeability of formocresol into the root dentin and its effects on the
      periodontium in dogs].

PMID- 6585436
TI  - [Clinical and pathological study of ameloblastoma. Marsupialization of
      ameloblastoma].

PMID- 6585437
TI  - [Response of exposed pulp to capping agents in germ-free rat molars].

PMID- 6585438
TI  - [A new method of measuring occlusal pressure].

PMID- 6585439
TI  - [Comparison of nuclear DNA content of primary oral cancer cells and metastatic
      cells].

PMID- 6585440
TI  - [Dynamic palatography for the soft palate].

PMID- 6585442
TI  - [Enamel formation in Takydromus tachydromoides].

PMID- 6585441
TI  - [Evaluation of dental materials using a new cell culture technic].

PMID- 6585443
TI  - [Masticatory rhythm formation in the lower brain stem].

PMID- 6585444
TI  - Quinsy following tonsillectomy (five case reports).
AB  - Five cases of post-tonsillectomy quinsy are presented, usually associated with
      tonsillar remnants. Four of these had no pus and one did, but the clinical
      picture was the same. Hence, if tonsillectomy is performed to prevent further
      quinsies, it must be careful and complete.

PMID- 6585445
TI  - High incidence of Langerhans cells in lymph nodes of athymic nude mice: an
      ultrastructural and morphometric study.
AB  - Cervical and axillary lymph nodes of athymic nude mice were compared
      morphometrically and ultrastructurally with those of normal littermates. The
      lymph nodes of the nude mice were larger and the volumes of the follicle,
      paracortex, and medulla of the lymph nodes were all larger. The paracortex of
      nude mice had few lymphocytes and a large number of interdigitating cells (IDC)
      and Langerhans cells (Lc). The results suggest that the high incidence of Lc and
      IDC in the lymph nodes of nude mice is due to cell accumulation and not
      lymphocyte depletion.

PMID- 6585446
TI  - Characteristics of bovine alveolar macrophage elastase.
AB  - Lavage of isolated bovine lung lobes was used to retrieve pulmonary alveolar
      macrophages (PAM). Nominal yields of 72 million viable PAM were routinely
      obtained using 500 ml of calcium- and magnesium-free phosphate-buffered saline.
      Bovine PAM readily attached to glass coverslips and within 24 hours, provided
      cell monolayers consisting exclusively of macrophages. Bovine PAM synthesized and
      secreted a calcium-dependent elastase in serum-free media. Optimal proteolytic
      activity using a radiolabeled elastin substrate was observed at pH 7.6. The
      elastase was insensitive to synthetic peptide chloromethyl ketone elastase
      inhibitors and to the serine protease inhibitor, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride.
      Enzyme activity, however, was effectively inhibited by the metal chelator,
      ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, or suppressed by inhibition of protein synthesis
      with cycloheximide.

PMID- 6585447
TI  - Serum lysozyme increased by fructose-1, 6-diphosphate in men, rabbits, and mice.
AB  - Fructose-1, 6-diphosphate hydrated sodium salt (FDP), intravenously injected,
      remarkably stimulates the production of serum lysozyme in man, rabbit, and mouse
      with a different kinetics in each of them: Man and rabbit show, in the first
      hour, a concentration peak followed by a slow decrease, whereas in mouse the
      concentration is less variable with time.

PMID- 6585448
TI  - In vitro cytostatic properties of unactivated rat Kupffer cells.
AB  - Kupffer cells from the liver of normal rats were checked for their natural
      cytostatic capabilities using an in vitro target cell growth inhibition assay. A
      strong cytostatic effect was observed on an human tumor cell line and was shown
      to be exerted on various transformed or normal target cells with only small
      differences in their susceptibility. The inhibition of target cell proliferation
      was shown to depend on the effector/target cell ratio. Different experimental
      data suggest that an intimate membranal contact between Kupffer cells and target
      cells is required.

PMID- 6585449
TI  - Stimulation of diploid fibroblast growth with serum-free medium conditioned by
      mezerein-treated monocytic leukemia cells.
AB  - Medium conditioned by mezerein-treated human acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP
      1) stimulated human fibroblast replication. Maximum mitogenic activity was
      elaborated by THP-1 cells with a 24-hr incubation in 10(-7) M mezerein (activator
      phase) followed by a 36-hr incubation in insulin-supplemented serum-free Roswell
      Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)-1640 medium (effector phase). Growth stimulation
      was not due to the presence of residual mezerein. We previously reported that
      leukemia cells also produced a growth inhibitor. Fibroblast stimulation was
      resolved by isoelectrofocusing into several active fractions separate from the
      growth inhibitory activity for malignant mammary cells. Conditioned medium was
      mitogenic for fibroblasts in the presence of high concentrations of fetal bovine
      and human whole blood sera. Growth stimulation was observed in plasma-derived
      serum only when supplemented with exogenous platelet-derived growth factor. Thus,
      this THP-1 cell product does not fulfill the role of a competence factor.

PMID- 6585450
TI  - Effect of soluble antigen on the ellipsoid-associated cells of the chicken's
      spleen.
AB  - The ellipsoid-associated cells (EAC) localize on the surface of the ellipsoid.
      They bind the IV injected horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and bovine serum albumin
      (BSA), migrate to the red pulp and then enter the systemic circulation. After
      protein injection, the number of white blood cells increased above the normal
      level. The highest number of white blood cells occurred between 4 and 6 hr after
      HRP injection. In this period, the cell enhancement resulted in HRP-positive
      mononuclear cells which might come from the spleen. This cell population may vary
      in size and number in the blood and may be identical with the dendritic cell of
      the chicken. The other type of blood mononuclear cell is histologically identical
      with the classical monocyte endogenous peroxidase positive type and their number
      is lower than that of the former. This type of monocytic (MN) cell could be of
      bone marrow origin.

PMID- 6585451
TI  - The macrophage-phagocyte system in rabbits with experimentally induced serum
      sickness: functional studies.
AB  - The objective of this study was to measure the phagocytic functions of the spleen
      and the liver and, if possible, to correlate them with the morphology and the
      immunohistology of these organs in rabbits with serum sickness. Serum sickness
      was induced by repeated intravenous injections of bovine serum albumin (BSA).
      Rabbits with acute serum sickness (stage A of serum sickness), with chronic serum
      sickness (stage C), rabbits in a stage of immunization between stage A and stage
      C (stage B), and rabbits that did not respond to the antigenic challenge
      [nonresponders (NR)], as well as nonimmunized (NI) rabbits were used. The
      function of the spleen and of the liver was measured by the clearances of 51Cr
      labeled heat damaged (HE), periodate-treated (PE), or immunoglobulin G (IgG)
      coated (IgGE) autologous erythrocytes. In NR rabbits the functions of the spleen
      and liver were normal. In rabbits in stage A of serum sickness the clearance of
      HE, the only one measured in this stage, was decreased. In rabbits in stage B the
      clearances of HE and IgGE were determined; both clearances were decreased. In
      rabbits in stage C, the clearances of HE and IgGE were decreased, while the time
      of clearance of 50% (T 1/2) of PE was not significantly prolonged. In addition,
      in rabbits in stages A, B, and C the ratio of whole spleen vs liver radioactivity
      was increased. In rabbits in stage B the clearance of HE returned to normal 3
      days after discontinuation of BSA injections. While all animals with detectable
      morphologic and immunohistologic changes of the spleen and the liver had
      prolonged clearances of treated erythrocytes, some animals with similarly
      prolonged clearances lacked evidence of pathology of these organs. The results
      obtained indicate that: (1) In NI and in NR rabbits, treated erythrocytes are
      rapidly removed by the macrophage-phagocyte system (MPS) and preferentially by
      the liver. (2) In rabbits in stages A, B, and C of serum sickness the clearances
      of treated erythrocytes are significantly prolonged. Moreover, treated
      erythrocytes appear to be preferentially removed by the spleen, indicating that
      the ability of the spleen to clear treated erythrocytes is less impaired than
      that of the liver. (3) In stages A, B, and C of serum sickness the nonimmunologic
      clearance of autologous erythrocytes is as altered as the clearance that occurs
      via Fc receptors. (4) In rabbits in stage B of serum sickness recovery of MPS
      function occurs after the interruption of BSA injections, suggesting reversible
      damage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6585452
TI  - The straight-wire appliance.

PMID- 6585453
TI  - Primary dentition trauma.

PMID- 6585454
TI  - Change in eye position after cranio-facial surgery.
AB  - Twenty-nine patients have undergone major subtotal orbital translocation surgery
      between 1976 and 1980. Extra-ocular muscle function has been studied before and
      after orbital surgery. Medial orbital translocation, like sagittal orbital
      translocation, produces a decrease of exotropia; sometimes there is no change
      which proves the importance of well-established binocular vision. Orbital
      osteotomy in the three planes can produce a modification of the primary position
      of a vertical imbalance but it has no action on the vertical movements. The
      ophthalmologist can predict the post-operative result when he knows what type of
      ocular abnormality exists and what type of orbital surgery will be performed. He
      can also discuss the timing of strabismus surgery.

PMID- 6585455
TI  - Cranial base dynamics in craniofacial dysostosis.
AB  - Cephalometric analyses of twenty-one patients with Crouzon's disease were
      undertaken to correlate the cranial base abnormalities to altered facial
      morphology. Angular deformities of the cranial base, i.e., the vertical sloping
      of the anterior cranial fossa and the angulation of the cranial base flexure were
      found to correlate well to observed exorbitism and midface retrusion ,
      respectively. Normal craniofacial growth and clinical implications of these data
      are discussed.

PMID- 6585456
TI  - The use of triangle analysis for cephalometric analysis in three dimensions.
AB  - A cephalometric analysis, known as the Stellenbosch -triangle analysis, has been
      developed for the postero-anterior (PA) and basilar cephalograms. Three
      dimensional analyses may be drawn and evaluated from the lateral, PA and basilar
      cephalometric tracings. Two patients with facial deformities, were evaluated
      according to this system and pre- and postoperative tracings are presented.

PMID- 6585457
TI  - Experience with sagittal splitting of the horizontal ramus in mandibular
      prognathism.
AB  - Intra-oral sagittal splitting of the horizontal mandibular ramus is only possible
      to a limited extent in the treatment of patients with mandibular prognathism and
      a deep overbite. However, this operation has given stable results up to 3 years
      postoperatively in cases of prognathism with open bite.

PMID- 6585458
TI  - Fractures of the orbital floor: indications for exploration and for the use of a
      floor implant.
AB  - Fractures of the orbital floor are frequently treated by exploratory surgery and
      by the insertion of a floor implant, because of the possibility of late diplopia
      and enophthalmos. The findings of this study would suggest that this fear is not
      justified and that there is no indication for an early diagnostic exploration of
      the fractured orbital floor, if there are no clinical or radiological signs of
      orbital floor fracture within 14 days of the accident. The significance of the
      status of the periorbita in the method of treatment of the fractured orbital
      floor is stressed. The suggestion is made, contrary to what is generally found in
      the literature, that a linear or a comminuted floor fracture and an orbital floor
      with a defect do not require a floor implant, if the periorbita is intact.

PMID- 6585459
TI  - Localized infantile myofibromatosis. Report of a case originating in the
      mandible.
AB  - A case of congenital solitary myofibromatosis occurring in the mandible is
      presented. Recognition of this entity is of clinical importance as the lesion can
      be easily confused with juvenile fibromatosis. In contrast to this latter disease
      which exhibits a locally aggressive growth pattern requiring radical surgery,
      myofibromatosis consists of well-circumscribed nodules amenable to simple
      excision. Moreover, myofibromatosis may show spontaneous regression. Histological
      features permitting the differentiation of myofibromatosis from juvenile
      fibromatosis are discussed.

PMID- 6585460
TI  - Sialocystadenoma papilliferum of the palate.
AB  - The clinical and histological data concerning a case of sial -( ocyst )-adenoma
      papilliferum of the palate are presented. Ten cases of sialadenoma papilliferum
      have been reported to date. The lesion is characterized by several distinct
      clinical and histological features resembling in many aspects the
      syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the skin. Because of the invariable presence
      of more or less cystically dilated salivary gland ducts we propose to denote the
      lesion as sialocyst -adenoma papilliferum. Generally these neoplasms behave as
      benign tumours with an indolent and asymptomatic clinical course, although a
      single case of a malignant counterpart has been reported. An adequate local
      excision seems to be the treatment of choice. An accurate follow-up is required.

PMID- 6585461
TI  - Relationship between glucose and 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in fetal
      sheep erythrocytes.
AB  - We have examined whether glucose supply to fetal sheep erythrocytes limits the
      rate of 20 alpha-reduction of progesterone in blood and as such is associated
      with the progressive loss of 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity which
      has been observed from 30 days before term. Enzyme activity in erythrocytes
      depleted of glucose by washing was regained in the presence of at least 0.167
      mmol glucose/1. The cofactor NADPH was necessary to support the reaction in lysed
      cells. Addition of glucose to whole blood diluted 20-fold for assay of 20 alpha
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase did not increase the rate of reaction. Infusion of
      dextrose to increase fetal plasma glucose concentrations had no effect on 20
      alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. Over the period from 114 to 137 days
      of gestation, both dextrose- and saline-infused fetuses showed a decline in
      enzyme activity from a combined mean of 1.45 +/- 0.21 (S.E.M.) to a mean of 0.78
      +/- 0.18 mumol/ml erythrocytes per h. Fetal leucocytes did not contribute
      significantly to the activity of 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in whole
      blood. The rate of 20 alpha-reduction of progesterone in the blood of eight
      fetuses with indwelling carotid catheters declined from 2.31 +/- 0.09 mumol/ml
      erythrocytes per h at 90-95 days of gestation to 0.73 +/- 0.04 mumol/ml per h at
      141-145 days. However, a consistent decline was only observed after 116-120 days.
      The apparent equilibrium position for progesterone reduction to 20 alpha
      dihydroprogesterone varied between 83.9 +/- 1.8 and 65.7 +/- 4.2%.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6585463
TI  - A dual-rooted maxillary central incisor.

PMID- 6585462
TI  - Effect of some endodontic materials on the influx of macrophages and
      multinucleated giant cell development in experimental granulomas.

PMID- 6585464
TI  - Nonsurgical endodontic therapy of a dens invaginatus.

PMID- 6585465
TI  - A study of the relationship between the endodontist and the general dentist.

PMID- 6585466
TI  - The compact endodontic treatment record with a color-coded retrieval system.

PMID- 6585467
TI  - The effect of raw grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) bile on renal function in
      the conscious rat.

PMID- 6585469
TI  - Gallium-citrate thyroid scan in detecting and predicting the evolution of silent
      thyroiditis.

PMID- 6585468
TI  - Effect of cimetidine on serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone in primary
      hyperparathyroidism and in chronic hemodialysis patients.

PMID- 6585470
TI  - Influence of severe decompression on peripheral vascular beds.

PMID- 6585471
TI  - Antibacterial activity of cephem antibiotics against common clinical isolates. I.
      Staphylococcus.

PMID- 6585472
TI  - [Studies on lipid and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in blackfoot disease].

PMID- 6585473
TI  - Absorption and elimination kinetics of digoxin after multiple oral doses.

PMID- 6585474
TI  - Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

PMID- 6585475
TI  - [Ventricular septal defect with aortic incompetence].

PMID- 6585477
TI  - [Neurilemmoma of the floor of mouth: report of a case].

PMID- 6585476
TI  - Supracondylar genu recurvatum osteotomy in the treatment of flexion contracture
      of the knee joint.

PMID- 6585478
TI  - White cell mechanics: basic science and clinical aspects. Proceedings of a
      symposium held at the Kroc Foundation, Santa Ynez Valley, California, May 2-6,
      1983.

PMID- 6585479
TI  - Radial distribution of white cells in tube flow.

PMID- 6585480
TI  - Flow behaviour of white cells in capillaries.

PMID- 6585481
TI  - Deformation and activation of leukocytes--two contradictory phenomena?

PMID- 6585482
TI  - Mechanical and biochemical aspects of leukocyte interactions with model vessel
      walls.
AB  - Leukocytes in flowing blood are continually undergoing collisions with the blood
      vessel walls. Whether these collisions result in adherence depends on a delicate
      balance between the fluid mechanical drag force, which tends to dislodge the
      PMNL, and the adhesive force generated at the area of contact with the
      endothelium. Local blood flow rate controls the first of these forces, with the
      important parameter being the velocity gradient at the wall (wall shear rate).
      The detailed morphology of the endothelial cell and the PMNL upon collision and
      the biochemical state of these cells determine the adhesive force, because this
      force is a product of the strength of interaction times the area of contact. If a
      leukocyte flattens out or spreads on the vessel wall surface, it will reduce the
      hydrodynamic drag and increase the area of contact, leading to a more stable
      adhesion. In the normal circulation, a significant fraction of the PMNL appear to
      be attached to the endothelium, particularly in the low flow venules. This
      leukocyte fraction is what hematology texts refer to as the marginal pool. The
      adherent PMNL are a dynamic population in the sense that some return to the
      circulation, some move through the endothelial cell mono-layer into the
      extravascular space, and others remain "attached" to the endothelial cells but
      roll along the surface in the flow direction. An equilibrium number is maintained
      under normal conditions by recruitment from the circulating pool. Increased blood
      flow rate will increase the hydrodynamic force, tending to dislodge the PMNL, but
      will also (at least in large vessels) increase the number of collisions of
      circulating PMNL with the vessel wall by increasing the effective "diffusion"
      coefficient of the leukocyte. Thus if one studied the kinetics of PMNL adhesion
      on an initially clean endothelial monolayer surface under flow, increasing the
      whole blood flow rate would probably increase in initial rate of attachment but
      may decrease the equilibrium number of adherent leukocytes (Fig. 5). The degree
      of cooperation in vivo between PMNL and endothelial cells required to enable the
      leukocytes to perform their bactericidal functions is fascinating. This type of
      interdependency also appears to be necessary in the inflammatory response
      [Wedmore and Williams, 1981]. Fluid mechanical forces in addition to biochemical
      events are crucial in regulating these interaction processes in vivo. In vitro
      models for examining PMNL adhesion should include control of the local fluid
      mechanics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6585483
TI  - Analysis of cell egress in bone marrow.

PMID- 6585485
TI  - Leukocyte rheology in cardiac ischemia.

PMID- 6585484
TI  - Lymphocyte recognition of lymph node high endothelium: adhesive interactions
      determining entry into lymph nodes.
AB  - Our interpretation of these results is that lymphocyte surface HEBF is composed
      of high endothelial adhesion molecules which mediate cell-cell interactions that
      result in lymphocyte entry from blood into lymph nodes. The evidence that anti
      HEBF antibody does not interfere with lymphocyte entry into PP is intriguing,
      since migration into this tissue as well as LN, occurs via HEV. This suggests
      that high endothelial cells differ in LN and PP at least with respect to the
      specificity of surface molecules involved in lymphocyte adherence. It could be
      that separate lymphocyte subpopulations express receptors for these two types of
      high endothelium. If this explanation is correct, then cells negatively selected
      using this antibody should be capable of binding to HEV of PP but not HEV of LN.
      However, if receptors for both high endothelial types are present on the same
      lymphocyte, then it is unlikely that such selection would yield cells exhibiting
      tissue specificity. Our observations are consistent with previous findings which
      suggested that high endothelial cells of mouse LN and PP exhibit differences in
      lymphocyte binding properties. For example, it has been reported that certain
      murine lymphomas bind to HEV of either peripheral LN or PP and that, to a limited
      degree, this preference is a property of most B and T cells [Butcher et al, 1980;
      Stevens et al, 1982]. Thymus and bone marrow cells show only low levels of HEV
      binding and less than 10% of such cells react with anti-HEBF antibody. During
      differentiation lymphocytes appear to acquire surface components which mediate
      high endothelial adhesion and this event is associated with the appearance of
      surface molecules recognized by anti-HEBF antibody. This suggests that it is the
      expression of these surface molecules during differentiation which confers high
      endothelial recognition properties on lymphocytes and that this mechanism plays a
      role in adhesive interactions leading to entry of both T and B cells into LN.

PMID- 6585486
TI  - Leukocytes and capillary perfusion in shock.

PMID- 6585487
TI  - The relationship of excessive white cell accumulation to vascular insufficiency
      in patients with leukemia.

PMID- 6585489
TI  - Structural model for passive granulocyte behaviour based on mechanical
      deformation and recovery after deformation tests.

PMID- 6585488
TI  - Viscoelastic deformation of white cells: theory and analysis.

PMID- 6585490
TI  - On the distribution of 67Ga-citrate and 59Fe-citrate accumulated by Ehrlich
      ascites tumor cells.

PMID- 6585491
TI  - Alveolar soft part sarcoma of the tongue in a female neonate.

PMID- 6585492
TI  - Intravenous antibiotics, avoiding complications.

PMID- 6585493
TI  - Lymphangioma of the oral cavity: report of a case.

PMID- 6585494
TI  - Misdiagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma as advanced periodontal disease. Report
      of a case.

PMID- 6585495
TI  - Schwannoma of the oral cavity. Review of the literature and report of a case.

PMID- 6585496
TI  - Simultaneous occurrence of Garre's osteomyelitis with cervico-facial
      actinomycosis.

PMID- 6585497
TI  - Terra-Cortril/Gelfoam for reduction of the incidence of localized osteitis
      following mandibular third molar removal.

PMID- 6585498
TI  - Traumatic myositis ossificans of lateral pterygoid muscle.

PMID- 6585499
TI  - Benign cementoblastoma.

PMID- 6585500
TI  - Paresthesia resulting from local anesthetics.

PMID- 6585501
TI  - Problems with PPOs.

PMID- 6585502
TI  - Components of adult Class III malocclusion.
AB  - To identify the skeletal and dental relationships of adults who have class III
      malocclusion, lateral cephalograms of 302 adult patients who had a class III
      molar and cuspid relationship were traced. Ninety-four of the patients had had
      presurgical orthodontic treatment and 208 had not. The tracings were digitized,
      and the following sets of measures were analyzed: maxillary skeletal position;
      maxillary dentoalveolar position; mandibular dentoalveolar position; and
      mandibular skeletal position. In addition, the mandibular plane angle and lower
      anterior facial height were measured as an indicator of vertical facial
      dimensions. None of these values demonstrated significant gender differences
      except lower anterior facial height; therefore, the subjects were treated as a
      group. Although there was considerable variation among patients, the most common
      combination of variables was a retrusive maxilla, protrusive maxillary incisors,
      retrusive mandibular incisors, a protrusive mandible, and a long lower facial
      height.

PMID- 6585503
TI  - Spatial arrangement of collagen fibrils in the articular cartilage of the
      mandibular condyle: a light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic study.
AB  - To determine the spatial arrangement of collagen fibrils in articular cartilage
      of the human mandibular condyle, ten healthy condyles obtained at necropsy were
      examined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Observations
      using light microscopy showed the existence of four different zones. The
      organization and alignment of the collagen fibrils were different in every zone
      and varied from layers to bundles of fibrils running parallel, obliquely, or
      radially to the articular surface. Observations using scanning electron
      microscopy revealed a thin, surface layer of disorganized small fibrils with a
      cotton-wool appearance and a well-organized architecture of collagen fibrils in
      every zone. It was concluded that the organization of collagen fibrils in
      articular cartilage shows a three-dimensional network with a special system in
      every zone.

PMID- 6585504
TI  - Evaluation of peripheral nerve regeneration following crushing or transection
      injuries.
AB  - Infraorbital nerves were subjected to experimental transection or crushing
      injury. Repair was evaluated using horseradish peroxidase as a tracer. Labeled
      neurons in the trigeminal ganglion were compared in both types of injury. Results
      showed that regeneration of the infraorbital nerve after crushing injury was
      better than when there was nerve transection with passive reapproximation.

PMID- 6585505
TI  - Cholesterol granuloma embedded in an odontoma of the maxilla.
AB  - The cholesterol granuloma, a rare entity in the oral cavity, has been given
      little attention in the dental literature. As a result, there is a lack of
      accurate data regarding its nomenclature, pathogenesis, and histologic
      appearance. A new case of cholesterol granuloma in the oral cavity embedded in an
      odontoma is presented. The literature is reviewed and the nomenclature is
      clarified.

PMID- 6585506
TI  - Chondrosarcoma presenting as a palatal swelling: report of a case and surgical
      approach.

PMID- 6585507
TI  - Facial pain and monosymptomatic hypochondriasis.

PMID- 6585508
TI  - Malignant melanoma of the oral mucosa.

PMID- 6585510
TI  - Use of gentian violet as a guide in bone removal.

PMID- 6585509
TI  - Clinicopathlogic conferences. Case 50, Part I: mass of the maxillary alveolar
      ridge.

PMID- 6585511
TI  - Screw fixation of infraorbital implants.

PMID- 6585512
TI  - Effect of methylprednisolone on swelling after orthognathic surgery.
AB  - The effectiveness of methylprednisolone for the reduction of postoperative facial
      edema was evaluated by the computed tomographic examination of 39 patients who
      underwent either a Lefort I osteotomy or a transoral vertical osteotomy. Results
      of the CT scans, which were performed preoperatively and at 24 and 72 hours
      postoperatively, showed that in the LeFort I osteotomy patients
      methylprednisolone reduced the degree of facial edema by 61% at 24 hours
      postoperatively and by 10% at 72 hours. In the transoral vertical osteotomy
      patients methylprednisolone reduced the degree of facial edema by 38% at 24 hours
      postoperatively and by 45% at 72 hours. It was concluded that methylprednisolone
      is effective for the control and management of postoperative facial edema
      following orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6585513
TI  - Management of postoperative hemorrhage following the Le Fort I maxillary
      osteotomy.
AB  - The assessment and management of patients with postoperative hemorrhage following
      Le Fort I osteotomies is discussed. The results of a questionnaire to investigate
      this complication, as well as the authors' protocol for dealing with this
      problem, are presented. Three illustrative case histories are also presented.

PMID- 6585514
TI  - Electroencephalographic monitoring during general anesthesia.
AB  - This paper presents a concise review of the recent advances in the field of
      electroencephalographic monitoring during administration of general anesthetics.
      It presents the history and background of this technique and describes the
      principles of electroencephalographic monitoring and its mathematical analysis.
      It concludes with a discussion of the techniques currently available for the
      display of the electroencephalogram as a monitoring tool and describes current
      clinical applications.

PMID- 6585515
TI  - Acinic cell carcinoma of the cheek.
AB  - An additional case report of the rare minor salivary gland tumor, acinic cell
      adenocarcinoma, has been reported. This is the twenty-first case in which the
      cheek has been the primary site. The tumor was treated by wide local excision and
      the patient is currently being followed by a large medical center's tumor board.

PMID- 6585516
TI  - Internal carotid arterial occlusion following mandibular osteotomy.

PMID- 6585517
TI  - Clinicopathologic conferences. Case 50, Part II: Peripheral odontogenic fibroma.

PMID- 6585518
TI  - A method to accurately predict the position of the maxillary incisor in two-jaw
      surgery.

PMID- 6585519
TI  - A simple technique for postoperative identification of maxillomandibular fixation
      wires.

PMID- 6585520
TI  - Mandibular movement in lateral excursions.
AB  - Mandibular movement during lateral articulatory movements was studied in young
      subjects with no apparent dental disease or malocclusion. A closed circuit
      television movement detector was used. Signals of each vector of movement were
      combined in pairs to provide envelopes of movement in three planes, mutually at
      right angles. Symmetry of movement was not as common as expected and sudden small
      changes in direction were frequently observed. Maximum displacement in each
      vector of movement was not always coincident. It is postulated that treatment
      factors, such as simple restoration of teeth, are initiating factors which cause
      variation in mandibular movement from the normal.

PMID- 6585521
TI  - A differential thermal analysis (DTA) for the heats of reaction and temperature
      rises produced during the setting of tooth coloured restorative materials.
AB  - Differential thermal analysis (DTA) has been used to obtain the temperature rises
      produced during the setting of a range of tooth coloured restorative materials,
      which included silicates, glass ionomers and composites. These have been compared
      on the basis of the temperature rise per unit volume of material. Calibration of
      the areas under the reaction peaks (produced during this isothermal operation) to
      obtain heats of reaction is discussed and a method described. As for the
      temperature rises, values are given per unit volume of material. The results are
      compared with those reported in other studies from which DTA is seen to be a
      technique suited to the determination of these parameters and which might be
      considered for use a standard method.

PMID- 6585522
TI  - Bruxing patterns in man during sleep.
AB  - Nocturnal clenching was monitored using a dedicated microprocessor, appropriate
      EMG amplification and digitisation. The hardware was located at the subject's
      bedside and the software provided for the real time recording of clenching
      bruxism, duration of the episode and the severity in electronic values. Forced
      clenches before retiring and on arousing provided maximal baseline data against
      which to compare the severity of sleeping clenches. All ten subjects tested were
      found to brux and two used intensities of effort while asleep that exceeded their
      maximal conscious clenches.

PMID- 6585523
TI  - Quantification of marginal leakage of amalgam restorations in vitro.
AB  - A method is described to quantify marginal leakage of amalgam restorations in
      vitro as a function of time. The method consists of the determination of the
      amount of nitrogen gas passing through the margins of the restoration at 2 atm.
      pressure in 30 min. The method described needs about sixteen specimen per
      experiment. The standard error is 20-30% of the mean leakage value and is
      independent of the type of condensation and the amalgam type. Two amalgams, the
      non-gamma 2-Dispersalloy and the conventional, Amalcap was compared
      longitudinally over a period of 4 months. The results showed: (1) The marginal
      leakage of Dispersalloy decreased strongly with time; the time dependency of
      Amalcap was less pronounced. (2) That carefully condensed Amalcap showed
      significantly less marginal leakage than Dispersalloy. (3) Whereas the marginal
      leakage of Amalcap was dependent on the condensation procedure, the leakage of
      Dispersalloy did not depend strongly on it.

PMID- 6585524
TI  - Influence of chin tap force and bite force parameters on the duration of the
      electromyographic silent period.
AB  - Controversy exists as to whether chin tap force and bite force affect the
      duration of the electromyographic silent period following the jaw jerk reflex
      during isometric contraction of the elevator muscles of the mandible. This study
      demonstrates that statistical trends exist showing increased silent period
      duration for increased tap forces and decreased silent period duration with
      increased bite forces.

PMID- 6585525
TI  - Quantitative cement solubility experiments in vivo.
AB  - The dissolution and dissolution rate of dental luting cements was measured
      longitudinally. Cement samples in enamel were placed in a full prosthesis and
      worn in the mouth for up to 6 months. At given intervals, replicas of the cement
      surfaces were made and quantified by means of SEM stereographic photographs. With
      a stereometer the distance between cement surface and original enamel surface can
      be determined quantitatively. The results show in vivo solubility rates for zinc
      phosphate and glass-ionomer cement of about 80 microns week-1 and 2 microns week
      1 respectively.

PMID- 6585526
TI  - Occlusal adjustment under the control of intra-oral recording with the aid of the
      functiograph.
AB  - Objective diagnosis of occlusal relationships is possible with the aid of a new
      instrument called the 'Functiograph'. It enables recordings of both the free and
      tooth-guided mandibular movements to be made intra-orally on the same tracing
      plate. A series of twenty cases has been undertaken and a number of selected
      examples are illustrated. Occlusal equilibration under the control of tooth
      guided movement records enables the estimation of the results of occlusal
      correction in an objective and methodical way.

PMID- 6585527
TI  - Contractile activity of the masseter muscle in experimental clenching and
      grinding of the teeth in man.
AB  - Six human subjects exercised maximum voluntary tooth clenching and right-sided
      tooth grinding to determine the onset of fatigue in the right and left masseter
      muscle. Static and dynamic contractile activity of the two muscles was determined
      by surface electromyography. Muscle fatigue appeared after about 30 s of
      isometric contractions (clenching), while 30 s of combined concentric and
      eccentric contractions (grinding) induced no fatigue. In the right muscle the
      contractile activity of negative work (eccentric contractions of mandibular
      laterotrusion) was about 50% of that of positive work (concentric contractions of
      mandibular mediotrusion). During clenching an increased number of contacting
      teeth might have facilitated the contractile activity of the two muscles. During
      grinding the height of the cusps of the working side teeth might have contributed
      to a decrease of tension production by the right masseter muscle. Non-working
      side tooth contacts and peripheral receptors might have facilitated the
      contractile activity of the left masseter muscle during tooth grinding. Static
      contractile activity of the mandibular elevator muscles produced high levels of
      isometric tension and led to masseter muscle fatigue in about 30 s. The same
      duration of dynamic contractile activity, resulting in low levels of tension
      during positive and negative work, did not induce fatigue.

PMID- 6585528
TI  - The influence of polishing on the marginal integrity of amalgam restorations.
AB  - The influence of the polishing procedure on the marginal integrity of amalgam
      restorations was investigated in a clinical study. In this study two operators
      each made 150 class I or II restorations in a group of forty-eight adult
      patients. The restorations were made in a series of six per patient. Within each
      series, two restorations were made of three different high copper amalgam alloys.
      Only one restoration of each pair was polished. From each restoration a black and
      white photograph was taken after finishing and after 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 years. The
      marginal integrity of each restoration at the four time periods was quantified
      with a 6-point photo rating scale. The quantifications were analysed as to their
      variance for the factors alloy, polishing procedure, operator and patient. After
      finishing, all four factors had a significant influence on the marginal
      integrity. From 0.5 to 1.5 years, the influence of the factors alloy, polishing
      procedure and patient were very significant. The influence of the patient on
      marginal integrity was more or less equal to that of the alloy. The size of the
      polish influence was relatively small. Therefore, it was concluded that the
      contribution of the polishing procedure to the prevention of marginal
      deterioration was questionable.

PMID- 6585529
TI  - Long-term influences on marginal fracture of amalgam restorations.
AB  - A clinical study was conducted in which two operators made 180 class I or II
      amalgam restorations in a group of fifty-seven adult patients. The restorations
      were made in a series of six per patient. Each restoration was made of a
      different alloy (five conventional composition alloys and one high copper alloy).
      During a period of 5 years the marginal fracture formation of all restorations
      was yearly quantified with a 6-point photo rating scale. The quantifications were
      analysed as to their variance for the factors alloy, patient and operator. The
      relative importance of significant factors was calculated. The results show that
      for a period of 5 years the alloy, patient and operator all had a significant
      influence on the marginal fracture formation. The operator influence was stable
      in time. This factor was relatively small because the operator sample was highly
      selected. After 1 year the influence of the patient on marginal fracture was
      equal to that of the alloy. The patient influence in time was stable. However,
      the alloy influence increased considerably. The longer the service time of the
      amalgam restoration the more important becomes the influence of the alloy on the
      marginal fracture formation.

PMID- 6585530
TI  - [Opioid peptides in the tooth pulp].

PMID- 6585531
TI  - [Problems concerning local anesthesia].

PMID- 6585532
TI  - [The rejection threshold determination in rats with esophageal fistula evaluated
      by licking patterns].

PMID- 6585533
TI  - [Stress induced in the periodontal tissue at the initial phase of the application
      of various types of orthodontic forces: 3-dimensional analysis using a finite
      element method].

PMID- 6585534
TI  - [Extra-articular ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint: report of a case].

PMID- 6585535
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint dysfunction and occlusal disharmony].

PMID- 6585536
TI  - Peritonsillar abscess complicating infectious mononucleosis.

PMID- 6585537
TI  - Periodontal response after tooth movement into intrabony defects.
AB  - The present study was undertaken since conflicting evidence exists regarding the
      effect of such tooth movement on levels of connective tissue attachment.
      Localized intrabony pockets were produced around isolated incisors in four rhesus
      monkeys. The root surfaces were planned to the level of the bone at the base of
      the angular bony defects. An oral hygiene regime was begun and continued for the
      remainder of the study. The experimental teeth were moved orthodontically into,
      and through, the original area of the intrabony defect. Two months after
      cessation of active tooth movement, block specimens were removed for histologic
      analysis. Control specimens comprised those teeth with induced periodontal
      defects, but without tooth movement. In specimens not subjected to tooth
      movement, angular bony defects were present and epithelium lined the root surface
      to the apical extent of instrumentation. The alveolar bone adjacent to the
      orthodontically moved teeth no longer had angular defect morphology. On the
      pressure side, epithelium lined the root surface, was interposed between root
      surface and bone and terminated at the apical limit of root instrumentation. On
      the tension side, the crest of the bone was located apical to the level of root
      planing, and epithelium lined the instrumented portion of the root surface. It
      was concluded that orthodontic tooth movement into intrabony periodontal defects
      was without effect upon the levels of connective tissue attachment.

PMID- 6585538
TI  - A histometric evaluation of the effect of citric acid preparation upon healing of
      coronally positioned flaps in nonhuman primates.
AB  - Facial recession defects were created on maxillary canine teeth of six Macaca
      irus monkeys and left untreated and exposed to oral fluids for 6 to 12 weeks.
      Notches were placed in the exposed root surfaces at the level of the free
      gingival margins. Following root planing with the addition of topical citric acid
      application on experimental surfaces, pedicle flaps were coronally positioned
      over the previously exposed roots. After euthanasia, block sections representing
      postsurgical time periods of 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 days were secured and
      tissues were processed for histologic evaluation. All citric acid-treated
      surfaces exhibited new connective tissue attachment of pedicle flaps to
      previously exposed areas by 14 days with transmission electron micrographs
      confirming beginning cementum deposition. In contrast, controls demonstrated
      epithelial migration to, or apical to, reference notches. Although the total
      number of samples available for statistical comparison was small, a two-tailed t
      test for correlated samples showed citric acid application did not result in
      enhanced clinical root coverage, but did result in significantly greater amounts
      of new connective tissue attachment (P less than 0.05, df = 3). Pedicle flap
      healing against teeth with devital pulps was identical to that seen in teeth with
      vital pulps, while citric acid application to root-planed surfaces of vital teeth
      had no observable effect upon pulpal tissues.

PMID- 6585539
TI  - Relative resistance of long junctional epithelial adhesions and connective tissue
      attachments to plaque-induced inflammation.
AB  - This study compared the resistance to periodontal disease of the long junctional
      epithelial adhesion and the naturally occurring dentogingival junction. Two
      groups were used, each containing three young male beagle dogs with all permanent
      teeth erupted. Periodontitis was induced around maxillary and mandibular
      premolars in the experimental dogs over a 42-day period, using subgingival
      ligatures and a soft diet. Fourteen days after ligature removal, flaps were
      reflected, granulation tissue was removed and the roots were planed to the
      alveolar crest. Reference grooves were placed in the root surfaces at the level
      of the alveolar bone, the flaps were positioned over the alveolar crests, and
      sutures were placed. A 60-day period permitted healing with formation of long
      junctional epithelial adhesions. During this 116-day period control dogs were
      maintained in gingival health by daily brushing and by prophylaxis every 14 days.
      Both groups had a high level of health (GI scores of 0) at the beginning of the
      20-day combined disease phase. Inflammation was induced in both groups by
      subgingival ligature placement and a plaque-promoting diet. Right and left sides
      of both groups represented separate time intervals within the 20-day period.
      Block sections were secured at time of killing and the tissues were prepared for
      light and fluorescent microscopic evaluation. Mean GI scores and mean probing
      depths increased similarly in both groups. Tagge index scores of gingival
      inflammation were higher at the longer time periods in the experimental animals.
      However, they displayed an intact long junctional epithelial adhesion throughout
      the study, while control animals frequently showed ulceration of the sulcular
      epithelium. Neither group showed significant changes in location of the apical
      cells of the attachment epithelium. Crestal osteoblastic activity, confirmed with
      Procion labeling, predominated in the experimental animals, while osteoclastic
      activity predominated in the control. Under the conditions of this study, there
      appeared to be no appreciable difference in resistance to disease between a long
      junctional epithelial adhesion and a true connective tissue attachment.

PMID- 6585540
TI  - The acro-osteolysis (Hadju-Cheney) syndrome. Review of the literature and report
      of a case.
AB  - Acro-osteolysis ( Hadju - Cheney ) Syndrome is a rare disorder of bone metabolism
      characterized by progressive destruction of the distal phalangeal bone, curvature
      of the spine, aplasia of the facial sinuses, and persistence of the cranial
      sutures. The purpose of this manuscript is to focus on the description of the oro
      facial and dental manifestations of the disorder.

PMID- 6585541
TI  - The lateral periodontal cyst. A report of 37 cases.
AB  - The lateral periodontal cyst is a developmental cyst of odontogenic origin which
      is located along the lateral aspect of a tooth root. Thirty-seven previously
      unreported lateral periodontal cysts ( LPCs ) are presented. Clinical,
      roentgenographic and histologic features of the LPC are reviewed. Further, the
      importance of distinguishing the developmental LPC from laterally positioned
      inflammatory cysts of pulpal or periodontal disease origin and laterally
      occurring odontogenic keratocysts is stressed.

PMID- 6585542
TI  - Plasma-cell gingivitis. Report of a case.
AB  - A well-documented case of plasma-cell gingivitis is presented. When viewed in a
      total perspective, the clinical examination, history of usage of a popular mint ,
      laboratory data and histologic examination provide support for this diagnosis.
      This patient did not exhibit any evidence of glossitis or cheilitis as is often
      reported in the literature; however, a positive history to psoriasis was noted.
      The occurrence of plasma-cell gingivitis in a patient with documented psoriasis
      provides some interesting speculation regarding the etiologic picture of this
      condition.

PMID- 6585543
TI  - Caries levels in patients with juvenile periodontitis.
AB  - The degree and distribution of tooth decay in a group of juvenile periodontitis (
      JP ) patients were compared with tooth decay in an age- and sex-matched
      periodontally normal control group. The experimental group was comprised of 13
      patients of no more than 20 years of age who were designated as localized
      juvenile periodontitis patients ( LJP ) according to the definition of Baer, and
      10 patients of no more than 25 years of age who were designated as generalized
      juvenile periodontitis patients ( GJP ), as described by Manson and Lehner .
      Twenty-three age- and sex-matched patients with no periodontal disease served as
      the control group. Caries was evaluated by standard clinical and radiographic
      criteria and quantitated by decayed, missing, filled teeth and surfaces (DMFS).
      Decay was further categorized as active proximal decay and as total proximal
      decay, which included both active proximal caries and restored proximal surfaces.
      A Student's t test revealed no statistical differences between the LJP and GJP
      groups. Moreover, there was no difference in the number of missing or filled
      teeth in the JP group as compared to the control group. However, 17 of the 23 JP
      patients had no proximal decay, whereas all but two of the 23 control patients
      had some proximal decay. Moreover, in the JP group ( LJP and GJP ) the mean
      values for active proximal decay and total proximal decay were both significantly
      lower than those in the control group (P less than 0.001). Thus, a low number of
      proximal carious lesions were found in the presence of juvenile
      periodontitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6585544
TI  - The effects of topical steroidal and systemic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
      drugs on experimental gingivitis in man.
AB  - Retrospective studies in man and prospective studies in animals have indicated
      that systemically administered anti-inflammatory drugs may decrease plaque
      induced inflammation and loss of attachment. The purpose of the present double
      blind study was to determine the effects of a systemically administered
      nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and a topically applied steroidal anti
      inflammatory drug on experimentally produced gingivitis. Eighteen dental students
      were brought to a state of optimal gingival health and then divided into three
      groups. One group received placebo gel to apply topically and placebo capsules. A
      second group received placebo gel and capsules containing sulindac, a
      nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The third group received a topical steroidal
      gel and placebo capsules. All subjects refrained from home care for 22 days in
      the maxillary right quadrant. Results of the study indicate that the topical
      steroidal drug significantly inhibited gingival inflammation while the
      systemically administered nonsteroidal drug had no apparent effect.

PMID- 6585545
TI  - The relative merits of desensitizers and the role of the electro-ionizing
      toothbrush.

PMID- 6585546
TI  - Pharmacokinetic analysis of concentration-time data obtained following
      administration of drugs that are recycled in the bile.
AB  - A pharmacokinetic model for calculating the pharmacokinetic parameters for a
      compound that is recycled in the bile is presented and tested using theoretical
      as well as experimental data. The results indicate that this method is stable and
      only slightly susceptible to sampling and recycling times. It is apparent from
      the present study that pharmacokinetic terms that have been used in classical
      situations are not directly applicable to drugs that enter the enterohepatic
      circulation. Effective half-life and effective clearance are used to describe the
      intrinsic ability of the eliminating organs to remove drug from the blood,
      whereas net half-life and net clearance are used to describe the irreversible
      elimination of the drug from the body.

PMID- 6585547
TI  - Inclusion complexation of prostaglandin F2 alpha with gamma-cyclodextrin in
      solution and solid phases.
AB  - A solid complex of prostaglandin F2 alpha (dinoprost) with gamma-cyclodextrin in
      a molar ratio of 1:1 was obtained on the basis of the BS-type phase solubility
      diagram. The mode of interaction in the solid state was studied by powder X-ray
      diffractometry, thermal analysis, and carbon-13 cross polarization/magic angle
      spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-CP/MAS-NMR) spectrometry. The X-ray
      diffraction and NMR data suggested that prostaglandin F2 alpha is included in the
      cylindrical channels formed by coaxial alignment of gamma-cyclodextrin molecules
      to give a channel type structure. Dissolution and thermal behaviors of the
      prostaglandin F2 alpha-gamma-cyclodextrin complex were examined and compared with
      the drug itself. The result indicated that the gamma-cyclodextrin complex may
      have great utility as a rapidly dissolving form of prostaglandin F2 alpha with
      improved thermal stability.

PMID- 6585548
TI  - Cellular pharmacology of amino acid derivatives of daunorubicin and doxorubicin
      in suspension of renal proximal tubules.
AB  - One approach currently being used to target drug action selectively to specific
      cells and tissues is to link active drugs to proteins and peptides that are
      preferentially recognized by, distributed to or activated by the target cells.
      Inasmuch as the kidney proximal tubule cells are very active in recapturing and
      catabolizing peptides and proteins which appear in the glomerular filtrate, we
      have examined the cellular pharmacology of daunorubicin (DNR) and doxorubicin
      (DOX) and selected amino acid and dipeptide derivatives in suspensions of rabbit
      renal proximal proximal tubules. The tubules accumulated the DNR series of drugs
      and their metabolites to a greater extent than the DOX series. Although all of
      the amino acid derivatives of these drugs entered the cells for sequestration and
      metabolism, the dipeptide derivative, alanyl-leucyl-DNR, was not detected within
      the cells. Using high-performance liquid chromatography to quantify the various
      metabolites and isopycnic centrifugation of tubule-derived post-nuclear
      supernates in linear sucrose gradients to resolve various subcellular organelles,
      the subcellular sites of metabolism of these drugs were examined. A NADPH
      dependent reduction of the C-13 carbonyl group of the parent drugs, which was the
      primary route of metabolism, was localized to the cytoplasm. Formation of
      aglycones generated by the cleavage of the daunosamine moiety from the
      anthracycline core followed the microsomal marker, NADPH-cytochrome reductase, in
      the sucrose gradients. Removal of the terminal amino acid from alanyl-leucyl-DNR
      was tentatively assigned to a cysteine-requiring enzyme on the plasma
      membrane.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6585549
TI  - Attitudes toward abortion as a means of sex selection.
AB  - A questionnaire was administered to 317 unmarried male and female college
      students in order to determine the acceptability of abortion as a means of
      achieving offspring of a desired sex. Respondents were given three hypothetical
      situations (first, second, and last child) to rate, comparing the present method
      of amniocentesis followed by abortion with proposed simpler methods. Acceptance
      ranged from 4.2% to 40.3%, being greatest among the less religious, male, and
      Protestant respondents. Proposed methods were only slightly more acceptable than
      the present one. Thus, simplifying the abortion procedure for the purpose of sex
      selection would not appear to increase its acceptability or utilization.

PMID- 6585551
TI  - Blood banks and AIDS.

PMID- 6585550
TI  - Methotrexate analogues. 21. Divergent influence of alkyl chain length on the
      dihydrofolate reductase affinity and cytotoxicity of methotrexate monoesters.
AB  - n-Octyl, n-dodecyl, and n-hexadecyl alpha- and gamma-esters of methotrexate (MTX)
      were compared with the previously described alpha- and gamma-n-butyl esters and
      with MTX as inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and human leukemic
      lymphoblasts (CEM cells) in culture. The overall order of activity in both test
      systems was MTX greater than MTX gamma-esters greater than MTX alpha-esters. In
      the DHFR assay the activity of the alpha-esters followed the order C4 greater
      than C8 congruent to C12 greater than C16, whereas for the gamma-esters this
      order was C4 congruent to C8 greater than C12 greater than C16. On the other
      hand, the order of cytotoxic activity in culture in both series was C16 greater
      than C12 greater than C8 greater than C4. Increasing the alkyl chain length in
      the ester moiety therefore decreases DHFR affinity but increases cytotoxicity.
      The most potent member of the compounds tested was the gamma-n-hexadecyl ester,
      whose IC50 against CEM cells was 0.11 microM as compared with 0.025 microM for
      MTX. In a comparison of the effect of treatment with the gamma-n-hexadecyl ester
      (10(-5) M, 1 h) on DNA synthesis in CEM and CEM/MTX cells, the latter of which
      are 120-fold resistant to MTX by virtue of a transport defect, the ester produced
      only 4-fold less inhibition in the resistant line than in the parental line.
      These results suggest possible use of this compound or related derivatives in the
      treatment of MTX-resistant tumors with impaired transport.

PMID- 6585552
TI  - Baby Doe and the prognosis committee.

PMID- 6585553
TI  - Hospital staff privileges for nonphysicians.

PMID- 6585554
TI  - Postmyocardial infarction rupture of the ventricular septum.

PMID- 6585555
TI  - The first clinical year of medical school.

PMID- 6585556
TI  - May a blood bank refuse donations to prevent the spread of AIDS?

PMID- 6585557
TI  - Hydatid disease of the liver.

PMID- 6585559
TI  - Impaired Physicians Program. Advocacy.

PMID- 6585558
TI  - Fine-needle aspiration in metastatic malignant melanoma.

PMID- 6585560
TI  - Alternative treatment to breast cancer.

PMID- 6585561
TI  - Liability costs and malpractice claims.

PMID- 6585562
TI  - Should certificate of need legislation be repealed?

PMID- 6585563
TI  - Psychological effects of rhinoplasty.

PMID- 6585564
TI  - Evaluation of the suicidal adolescent patient admitted to an urban hospital.

PMID- 6585565
TI  - Aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta.

PMID- 6585566
TI  - Radiographic findings in pseudomembranous colitis.

PMID- 6585567
TI  - Whatever happened to benign neglect?

PMID- 6585568
TI  - The Conroy case.

PMID- 6585569
TI  - Pulmonary edema complicating epiglottitis.

PMID- 6585570
TI  - Total mastectomy v partial mastectomy and radiation therapy.

PMID- 6585571
TI  - Amyloidosis.

PMID- 6585572
TI  - Transmission and scanning electron microscopy findings in 37 patients with
      monocytic leukemia.
AB  - The ultrastructural features of the monocytic blast cells of 37 patients with M4
      and M5 types of leukemia were examined with transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM)
      electron microscopes. The cells showed a large variety in nuclear size and shape,
      dependent on the stage of cell differentiation. Nuclear pockets, appendices and
      bridges were observed. The cytoplasm contained perinuclearly located fibrils,
      occasionally elongated mitochondria and Auer bodies. The surface ultrastructure
      of the cells was similar to that of healthy monocytes, but often numerous blebs
      were observed.

PMID- 6585573
TI  - Xylazine hydrochloride-induced anorexia in white-tailed deer.

PMID- 6585574
TI  - [Central nervous system involvement in adult acute leukemia].
AB  - Central nervous system (CNS) involvement was present in 16 of 59 (27%) adults
      with leukemia, i.e. in 13 of 40 (33%) with AML, of 3 (33%) with AMoL, and 2 of 8
      (25%) with ALL. CNS leukemia was found at the time of diagnosis in 2 patients,
      during induction therapy in 2 patients, early in remission in 2 patients, during
      remission in patients, and at relapse in 4 patients. Fifteen of the 16 patients
      responded to intrathecal methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside or cranial
      irradiation. Only patients developed CNS relapse. CNS leukemia had no effect on
      survival. In 3 of 5 patients without CNS prophylaxis, the onset of neurologic
      manifestations was observed within one year of remission, whereas it was delayed
      for more than one year in all patients who had received prophylactic intrathecal
      methotrexate.

PMID- 6585575
TI  - [67Gallium scintigraphy of malignant melanoma].

PMID- 6585576
TI  - [Pulmonary resection for metastatic lung cancers].

PMID- 6585577
TI  - [Pharmacokinetic studies of cefmetazole in patients undergoing open-heart
      surgery].

PMID- 6585578
TI  - Accuracy of basic cancer patient data: results from an extensive recoding survey.
AB  - The accuracy of data coded from the medical records of 985 patients from 22 major
      U.S. cancer centers was checked by recoding during 1978-81. The 29 items covered
      demographics, diagnosis, and therapy. Original codes were compared to recodes,
      and disagreements were classified as major or minor. The highest rate of major
      disagreements, 23%, was for stage of disease, followed by 10% for histology and
      7% for site. Major disagreement rates for most other items were under 7%. Only 3%
      of a large sample of major disagreements involved justifiable differences in
      interpretation; the others were due to errors in the use of records. Major
      disagreement rates varied by a factor of 10 across sites, 4 across centers, and 2
      across stage of disease. For several items the code "unknown" was overused and
      led to disagreements. A new procedure is presented for analysis of disagreement
      rates. The results from this procedure can guide training effort to improve
      coding accuracy.

PMID- 6585579
TI  - Caffeine consumption and fibrocystic breast disease: a case-control epidemiologic
      study.
AB  - In a hospital-based case-control study that included 634 women with fibrocystic
      breast disease and 1,066 comparison women in Connecticut, the occurrence of
      fibrocystic breast disease was positively associated with average daily
      consumption of caffeine. Women who consumed 31-250 mg of caffeine/day had a 1.5
      fold increase in the odds of disease, whereas women who drank over 500 mg/day had
      a 2.3-fold increase in the odds. The association with caffeine consumption was
      especially high among women with atypical lobular hyperplasia and with sclerosing
      adenosis with concomitant papillomatosis or papillary hyperplasia, both of which
      have been associated with an increased breast cancer risk. The association was
      specific to fibrocystic breast disease in that there was no association of
      caffeine consumption with fibroadenoma or other forms of benign breast disease.

PMID- 6585580
TI  - Multiple primary cancers in 5,456 autopsy cases in the National Cancer Center of
      Japan.
AB  - Multiple primary malignant neoplasms in 5,456 consecutive autopsy cases from 1962
      to 1981 in the National Cancer Center were analyzed. There were 285 (5.2%) double
      primary cancers, 58 (1.1%) triple or more, and 65 (1.2%) minute cancers of the
      thyroid or prostate gland. Higher incidence of second cancer is observed in
      cancers of the oropharynx, intestine, larynx, uterus, bladder, and thyroid. Organ
      association between the two cancers was present in certain organs; for example,
      there was a tendency for upper gastrointestinal tract cancers to be associated
      with lower gastrointestinal tract cancers. Influence of histologic subtypes in
      multiple cancer cases is discussed for lung cancer.

PMID- 6585581
TI  - Birth weight and the incidence of childhood cancer.
AB  - The relationship of weight at birth to the occurrence of childhood cancer was
      studied with emphasis on the influence of age at diagnosis. Birth certificates
      for 681 children with cancer born in Washington State were linked with cancer
      registry data. Among children diagnosed with cancer during the first several
      years of life, there was an increased proportion with a high birth weight
      (greater than 4,000 g). The relationship was strongest for children under 2 years
      of age; about twice as many of them had high birth weights. However, the
      relationship was not present at all in those whose cancer was diagnosed at age 4
      or older. This excess risk in young children associated with high birth weight
      was distributed among several types of cancer, including the two most common ones
      (leukemia and neuroblastoma).

PMID- 6585582
TI  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human manganese-containing superoxide
      dismutase and its content in lung cancer.
AB  - A manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) was purified from human
      liver. Polyclonal antibody for the Mn-SOD was prepared in goat, and a simple and
      specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the Mn-SOD was developed.
      This assay was found to be sensitive to nanogram amounts of the enzyme. With
      respect to Mn-SOD levels of normal lung tissues, a positive correlation (r =
      0.92, P less than .001) was observed between the results of enzymatic assay and
      those of immunochemical assay by ELISA. In lung carcinoma tissue the enzyme
      activity was in the same order of magnitude as in uninvolved tissues. However,
      the enzyme content determined by ELISA was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma
      than in the uninvolved lung tissue, whereas no significant difference from the
      control was observed in other histologic types. The discrepancy between the
      enzyme activity and immunoreactive content suggested that in the adenocarcinoma
      of the lung an immunoreactive but enzymatically inactive Mn-SOD protein existed
      and that a high content of this enzyme was characteristic of lung adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 6585583
TI  - Cancer incidence among cosmetologists.
AB  - This cohort study examined cancer incidence in 13,650 Connecticut cosmetologists
      who had held licenses for 5 years or more and had begun hairdressing school prior
      to January 1, 1966. Cancer incidence rates for the general Connecticut
      population, 1935-78, were compared with those for 11,845 female and 1,805 male
      cosmetologists. The females had a standardized cancer incidence ratio (SIR) of
      112 (P less than .01). A significant excess of lung cancer (SIR = 141) and
      excesses of brain (SIR = 168) and ovarian cancer (SIR = 134) of borderline
      significance were observed. No significant cancer risk was evident for female
      cosmetologists licensed since 1935, even for those with 35 years or more of
      follow-up, although the SIRs for brain cancer, lymphoma, and leukemia were
      elevated. Female cosmetologists who entered the profession between 1925 and 1934,
      however, experienced a significant overall cancer incidence (SIR = 129) and
      significant excesses of respiratory, breast, corpus uterine, and ovarian cancers.
      Those with 35 years or more from time of first license appeared to be at the
      highest risk. Among males the overall cancer incidence rate was close to that
      expected (SIR = 105). Smoking habits and reproductive factors that could not be
      taken into account may explain some of the excesses among females. Although no
      specific occupational agent could be identified, the excess numbers of leukemias
      in females and brain cancers among males and females merit continued
      surveillance.

PMID- 6585584
TI  - Lowered superoxide dismutase activity in distant organs of tumor-bearing mice.
AB  - Solid tumors were induced by implantation of 5 X 10(6) Ehrlich carcinoma cells im
      into the right flank of 8- to 12-week-old female CBA/J mice. Tumor-bearing mice
      were killed at 0, 2, 4, 10, or 24 days after im implantation of the tumor cells,
      and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined in liver, spleen,
      kidneys, lungs, and leg muscle. Depressed SOD activities were seen in all organs
      studied. In liver, spleen, and kidneys, the manganese SOD (MnSOD) activities were
      depressed at some point after implantation, even though microscopic examination
      revealed no evidence of metastases in these organs. Cytochrome c oxidase activity
      was not diminished in any of the tissues studied, indicating that the decline in
      MnSOD was not due to a decline in the number of mitochondria or to a general
      decline in mitochondrial enzymes. When the tumor cells were dialyzed against 0.9%
      saline, the dialysate contained a factor that when injected im also inhibited SOD
      activity.

PMID- 6585585
TI  - Distribution and lysis of weakly and strongly immunogenic malignant lymphoid
      cells in normal and immune mice: effects of prior exposure to heat or X
      irradiation.
AB  - With the use of cells doubly labeled with 51Cr and 125I, an analysis was made of
      the distribution and lysis in normal and immune syngeneic C58 mice of weakly
      immunogenic malignant lymphocytes (Ib) and a highly immunogenic variant (IbN)
      derived from them. The results showed that 51Cr release was not a valid measure
      of tumor cell lysis in vivo. Prior exposure to 55 degrees C for 30 minutes caused
      Ib to lyse immediately after iv injection. Prior X-irradiation (10,000 R)
      enhanced the lysis of Ib in vivo but had only minor effects on IbN. In normal
      mice 125I-labeled Ib were entrapped in the lungs (approximately to 95%)
      immediately after iv injection, released in a diphasic manner, and then
      accumulated in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. In immune mice
      initial entrapment of Ib in the lungs was only about 42%, and label did not
      accumulate in the described organs. Heat-inactivated Ib were not retained to a
      significant degree in any of the organs of normal or immune mice. IbN were
      retained initially (2 hr) at values lower than Ib in the whole body, lungs, and
      livers of normal mice. 125I-labeled Ib were used to analyze how they were
      distributed and lysed in normal and immune mice during the first 6 hours after iv
      injection. To account for the loss of 125I from a tissue because of cell lysis
      (as distinct from cell redistribution), the amount of 125I associated with cells
      and blood plasma, and lost from the whole body, was quantified. A significant
      loss of 125I from the whole body began at 2 hours and continued at a linear rate
      thereafter. Non-cell-associated 125I occurred in the blood plasma at 1-2 hours
      and increased at a linear rate thereafter. These results made it possible to
      distinguish between loss of 125I from a tissue because of cell lysis as distinct
      from the redistribution of intact labeled cells.

PMID- 6585586
TI  - Thy 1.2+ leukemia cells eradicated from in vitro leukemia-bone marrow cell
      mixtures by antibody-toxin conjugates.
AB  - A conjugate constituted by a monoclonal anti-Thy 1.2 antibody chemically coupled
      to the toxic subunit of ricin was synthesized. The conjugate was specifically
      cytotoxic for Thy 1.2+ (EL 4) but not for Thy 1.2- (BW5147) thymoma cells. In
      vitro treatment of bone marrow-leukemia cell mixtures (10:1 and 1:1 bone marrow
      to EL 4 cell ratios) with anti-Thy 1.2-ricin A chain totally eradicated EL 4
      tumor cells, while the number of myeloid colony-forming units and pluripotent
      colony-forming units developed in vitro and in vivo was unaffected, which
      suggested that the treatment had no toxic side effects at least on the precursor
      cells examined.

PMID- 6585587
TI  - Mutagenic impurities in 1,3-dichloropropene preparations.
AB  - A widely used pesticide, 1,3-dichloropropene [(DCP) CAS: 542-75-6], has been
      reported to be mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA100, but large variations in
      specific mutagenic activity have been observed among different preparations. The
      purposes of this investigation were to determine the probable cause of the
      interpreparational variation and to provide new information on the nature of the
      mutagenic activity. Four preparations were assayed for mutagenic activity before
      and after silicic acid chromatography. None of the preparations retained
      mutagenic activity after chromatography, but each contained direct-acting
      mutagenic polar impurities. The specific mutagenic activities of the unpurified
      DCP samples appeared to be determined by the mutagenic activities of their polar
      impurities. A mixture of mutagenic polar impurities could be regenerated by
      refluxing a purified DCP preparation for 6 hours. The fraction of polar
      impurities from one of the preparations was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass
      spectroscopy. Although its composition was too complex to characterize
      completely, two known mutagens, epichlorhydrin (CAS: 106-89-8; 1-chloro-2,3
      epoxypropane) and 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (CAS: 96-23-1), were tentatively
      identified. In view of these results, future studies are required to establish
      whether DCP itself is a chemical carcinogen or whether its previously observed
      carcinogenicity resulted from the presence of mutagenic impurities.

PMID- 6585588
TI  - Perinatal metabolism of the tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1
      (3-pyridyl)-1-butanone in C57BL mice.
AB  - Whole-body autoradiography of pregnant C57BL mice given iv injections of carbonyl
      14C-labeled 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) revealed that
      some metabolites were covalently bound to cellular macromolecules of the nasal
      mucosae, bronchial mucosae, and liver of the mother. Unbound metabolites were
      present in those tissues and were also localized in the gastrointestinal lumens,
      kidneys, urinary bladder, eye melanin, and corpora lutea of the ovaries.
      Autoradiograms taken at the 1-hour survival interval showed labeling of the fetal
      kidneys and urinary bladder. At the 4-hour survival interval, the amniotic fluid
      was strongly labeled. Chromatography of extracts of tissues obtained from
      pregnant mice on days 13 and 18 of gestation indicated that unchanged NNK and 4
      (methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)butan-1-ol (NNAI) were present in the placentas
      and fetal tissues. Some NNK metabolites were covalently bound to tissues of the
      nose, lung, and liver of 18-day-old fetuses. These results indicate that NNK and
      NNAI have the capacity to cross the placental barrier and to be activated in
      fetal tissues. Nasal, pulmonary, and hepatic tissues of 16- and 18-day-old
      fetuses incubated in vitro with NNK metabolized NNK and NNAI by alpha-carbon
      hydroxylation. These pathways lead to intermediates able to alkylate cellular
      macromolecules. The nasal tissues had a higher capacity to alpha-carbon
      hydroxylate NNK than did pulmonary or hepatic tissues during the last stage of
      fetal development and during all stages of postnatal life. These results suggest
      that exposure of C57BL mice to NNK during the last stage of fetal development or
      during neonatal life could possibly result in development of tumors.

PMID- 6585589
TI  - Life-span, tumor incidence, and natural killer cell activity in mice selected for
      high or low antibody responsiveness.
AB  - Biozzi mice selected for high (H) or low (L) antibody responsiveness to natural
      antigens have been followed for their entire life-span to examine their pathology
      at death. As previously found in selection I, shorter life-span and higher
      lymphoma incidence were observed in L responder mice than in H responder mice
      selected for antibody responsiveness to sheep red blood cells (selection II). In
      mice selected for antibody responsiveness to Salmonella flagellar antigens
      (selection III), similar life-span and similar lymphoma incidence were found in H
      and L responder mice. Natural killer (NK) cell activity, as assessed in spleen
      cells from young mice, was lower in L than in H responder mice of selection I but
      higher in L than in H responder mice of both selections II and III. All these
      results indicate that longevity and lymphoma incidence at death are independent
      of NK cell activity in mice selected for H or L antibody responsiveness to
      natural antigens. Furthermore, genetic selection for antibody responsiveness does
      not always appear to influence life-span and lymphoma incidence.

PMID- 6585591
TI  - Effects of riboflavin on the dimethylnitrosamine demethylase system in the rat
      liver.
AB  - The effects of riboflavin on the dimethylnitrosamine [(DMN) CAS: 62-75-9; N
      nitrosodimethylamine] demethylase system in inbred F344 rat liver were
      investigated. Dietary riboflavin deficiency markedly stimulated the activity of
      DMN demethylase I operating at a low substrate concentration (4 mM), but it
      caused no change in the activity of DMN demethylase II operating at a high
      substrate concentration (200 mM). This effect could be reversed by short-term
      supplementation of the vitamin by a series of three ip injections (0.5
      mg/dose/day) to the deficient animals. This dosage regimen of riboflavin did not
      change the activity of DMN demethylase I in the normal animals. The study in
      vitro demonstrated that flavins were inhibitory to DMN demethylase I. The enzyme
      activity in the microsomes of both control and deficient animals was inhibited by
      preincubation with flavins, suggesting that the interaction between flavins and
      the enzyme rendered the enzyme inactive. Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
      appeared to have a more pronounced effect than riboflavin. In agreement with the
      earlier observation, DMN demethylase II was unaffected by FAD or riboflavin.

PMID- 6585590
TI  - Antitumor effect, cardiotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity of doxorubicin in the IgM
      solid immunocytoma-bearing LOU/M/WSL rat.
AB  - Antitumor activity, cardiotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity induced by doxorubicin
      were studied in LOU/M/WSL inbred rats each bearing a transplantable solid IgM
      immunocytoma. Animals with a tumor (diameter, 15.8 +/- 3.3 mm) were treated with
      iv injections of doxorubicin on 5 consecutive days, followed by 1 weekly
      injection for 7 weeks (dose range, 0.015-4.0 mg/kg body wt). Tumor regression was
      observed with 0.5 mg doxorubicin/kg. Complete disappearance of the tumor was
      induced with 1.0 mg doxorubicin/kg. Histologic evidence of cardiotoxicity scored
      as grade III was only observed at a dose of 1.0 mg doxorubicin/kg. Light
      microscopic evidence of renal damage was seen above a dose of 0.5 mg
      doxorubicin/kg, which resulted in albuminuria and very low serum albumin levels.
      In the group that received 1.0 mg doxorubicin/kg, the serum albumin level
      decreased from 33.6 +/- 4.1 to 1.5 +/- 0.5 g/liter. Ascites and hydrothorax were
      observed simultaneously. The same experiments were performed with non-tumor
      bearing rats, in which no major differences were observed. In conclusion,
      antitumor activity, cardiotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity were studied
      simultaneously in the same LOU/M/WSL rat. Albuminuria due to renal damage led to
      extremely low serum albumin levels, so ascites and hydrothorax were not
      necessarily a consequence of the observed cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 6585592
TI  - Interactions between lymphoid tumor cells and isolated liver endothelial cells.
AB  - Interactions were studied between highly metastatic murine MB6A lymphosarcoma
      cells and rat liver endothelial cells that had been isolated by collagenase
      perfusion and purified by unit gravity sedimentation. Experiments were performed
      on the day of isolation. MB6A cells were observed to adhere to the endothelial
      cells. Addition of rat serum had a striking effect: The endothelial cells spread
      over the MB6A cell surface, engulfing the tumor cells. The factor involved was
      nondialyzable and also was present in rat plasma. Similar interactions were seen
      with highly metastatic ESb and MDAY-D2 lymphoma cells and with nonmetastatic Eb
      cells. Low-metastatic GRSL 34 leukemia and TA3/Ha ascites mammary carcinoma cells
      did not adhere to the endothelial cells. With this in vitro model the molecular
      mechanisms of adhesion to liver endothelium were studied. As a first step,
      univalent antibodies against MB6A cells were found to inhibit adhesion,
      indicating involvement of specific cell surface molecules.

PMID- 6585593
TI  - Dose-response studies of the effect of dietary butylated hydroxyanisole on colon
      carcinogenesis induced by methylazoxymethanol acetate in female CF1 mice.
AB  - The effect of dietary butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) on methylazoxymethanol
      acetate [(MAM AC) CAS: 592-62-1; methyl-ONN-azoxy)methanol acetate]-induced
      intestinal carcinogenesis was studied in female CF1 mice. BHA was added at levels
      of 0, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.6% to the NIH-07 open-formula diet and at 0 and 0.6%
      to the AIN-76 semipurified diet and fed to mice, starting at 5 weeks of age until
      termination of the experiment. At 7 weeks of age, all animals except the vehicle
      treated controls were given ip injections of MAM AC (15 mg/kg body wt for four
      times in 11 days for the low-dose group: total dose, 60 mg/kg body; 15 mg/kg body
      wt for eight times in 22 days for the high-dose group: total dose, 120 mg/kg body
      wt). With a low dose of carcinogen, the lung tumor incidence was inhibited in
      mice fed the NIH-07 diet containing 0.03-0.6% BHA and the AIN-76 diet containing
      0.6% BHA compared to lung tumor incidence in those fed the diets without BHA;
      with a high dose of carcinogen, the inhibition was observed in mice fed the NIH
      07 diet containing 0.1-0.6% BHA. Colon tumor incidence and colon tumor
      multiplicity (number of tumors per animal and number of tumors per tumor-bearing
      animal, respectively) were lower in mice fed the NIH-07 diets with 0.03-0.6% BHA
      or fed the AIN-76 diet with 0.6% BHA, as well as treated with a low dose of
      carcinogen, than in animals fed no BHA; with a high dose of carcinogen, colon
      tumor multiplicity and colon tumor incidence were inhibited in animals fed the
      NIH-07 diet containing 0.1-0.6% BHA. Consumption of the NIH-07 diets containing
      0.03-0.6% BHA resulted in increased glutathione transferase activity of liver and
      small intestinal and colon mucosae in a dose-related manner.

PMID- 6585594
TI  - Effects of butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, and NaCl on
      gastric carcinogenesis initiated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in
      F344 rats.
AB  - Promoting activities of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene
      (BHT), and NaCl and of combinations of these antioxidants with NaCl on gastric
      carcinogenesis initiated by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine [(MNNG) (CAS: 70
      25-7; 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine] were investigated in male inbred F344
      rats. Animals, 6-week old, were given an intragastric administration of MNNG at
      150 mg/kg body weight by gastric tube and 1 week later were placed on a diet
      containing BHA (0.5%), BHT (1.0%), NaCl (5.0%), BHA (0.5%) plus NaCl (5%), or BHT
      (1.0%) plus NaCl (5.0%) for 51 weeks. Control rats received no further treatment
      after MNNG administration. A single intragastric application of MNNG to rats
      induced multiple epithelial tumors of the forestomach and a few epithelial tumors
      of the glandular stomach after 52 weeks. Squamous cell carcinomas of the
      forestomach were seen in 2 of 18 effective rats (11.1%) in the control groups,
      and the incidences in the groups receiving the subsequent treatment were 45.0%
      with BHA, 15.8% with BHT, 30% with NaCl, 70% with BHA plus NaCl, and 52.9% with
      BHT plus NaCl. Differences in the incidences of squamous cell carcinoma between
      the controls and groups given BHA, BHA plus NaCl, and BHT plus NaCl were
      statistically significant. NaCl given alone after MNNG administration also
      significantly increased the incidence of papillomas in the forestomach.
      Incidences of glandular stomach tumors, adenomas and carcinomas were not affected
      by any of the subsequent treatments. No tumors of the stomach developed in the
      groups given BHA, BHT, and NaCl without MNNG pretreatment. Thus the present
      experiment revealed that BHA and NaCl but not BHT exert promoting activity on
      MNNG-induced forestomach carcinogenesis in rats and that, when BHA and BHT were
      given with NaCl, promotion was more marked, suggesting a synergistic effect on
      tumor promotion.

PMID- 6585595
TI  - Relationship between tumor growth characteristics and preferential sites of
      growth.
AB  - The anterior-posterior incidence of spontaneous mammary tumor development and the
      anterior-posterior gradient of growth potential among transplanted tumors was
      studied in C3H/He and C3Hf/He mice. The relative incidence of spontaneous tumor
      development in the five mammary gland pairs showed no anterior-posterior bias,
      but it was in proportion to the quantity of tissue in the individual mammary
      glands. The transplantability and growth rate of 164 spontaneous C3H/He and 67
      spontaneous C3Hf/He mammary carcinomas were tested and compared in anterior and
      posterior subcutaneous sites and at mammary implantation sites. Initially, in
      their early transplant generations, most subcutaneous tumor implants (67%) grew
      significantly better near the shoulder than in an implantation site near the hip.
      At the same time, implants from the same tumor tissue grew equally well in
      anterior (#2) and posterior (#4) mammary glands. Without exception, all
      transplanted tumors grew better in a mammary gland than at a subcutaneous site.
      Some tumors (12%) that initially would grow only in mammary glands gained
      subcutaneous transplantability with increased growth rate. With increasing growth
      rate, the tumors' anterior subcutaneous growth preference decreased. Anterior
      subcutaneous growth preference was not related to immunologic tumor
      characteristics. Implants of slow-growing tumors grew better in the anterior
      subcutaneous implantation site where the greater blood flow improved their growth
      conditions and survival rate.

PMID- 6585596
TI  - Case-control study of bladder cancer in New Jersey. I. Occupational exposures in
      white males.
AB  - The occupational bladder cancer risk for New Jersey white males was estimated
      with the use of both industry-job title-based and exposure-based analyses of data
      from 658 incident cases and 1,258 general population controls. The overall
      bladder cancer risk attributable to occupational exposures was estimated as 20
      22%. A wide variety of employment categories and exposures contributed to this
      risk. Odds ratios were significantly high for employment as garage and gas
      station workers and food counter workers and/or cooks and for exposure to
      leather, rubber, paint, printing ink, and other organic compounds. Odds ratios
      for textile mill workers, chemical workers, and metal workers for the a priori
      high-risk employment category and odds ratios for those exposed to dyes,
      chlorinated compounds, and rubber showed significant differences between younger
      and older subjects. Bladder cancer risk associated with occupational exposures
      was not limited to persons with initial exposures before 25 years of age.
      However, there was significantly decreasing risk for bladder cancer with
      increasing age at first exposure for chemical workers and metal workers and for
      the a priori high-risk materials and metals. Drivers and/or deliverymen and
      miscellaneous laborers had significantly increasing bladder cancer risk with
      increasing duration of employment.

PMID- 6585597
TI  - [Surgical correction of hyperlipoproteinemia in patients with ischemic heart
      disease].
AB  - The experimental results obtained in 102 animals showing a beneficial effect of
      partial ileac bypass on hyperlipoproteinemia and experimentally-induced
      atherosclerosis prompted the authors to perform this surgical intervention in 34
      patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and attendant hyperlipoproteinemia
      resistant to therapeutic agents. The follow up period was up to five years. The
      patients exhibited a persistent and substantial decrease in blood lipids and
      atherogenic lipoproteins, a reduced incidence of angina attacks and an improved
      CHD course. Furthermore, the surgery resulted in a considerable and stable
      elevation of the cholesterol levels of antiatherogenic high density lipoproteins
      (by an average of 85,3%) and in a 45.8% decrease of the cholesterol coefficient
      of atherogenicity which contributes to atherosclerosis regression.

PMID- 6585598
TI  - Vibrio sepsis in South Carolina.

PMID- 6585599
TI  - Homicide in the elderly population in South Carolina, 1970-1979.

PMID- 6585600
TI  - Comparison of barium enema and colonoscopy in the diagnosis of colon and rectal
      cancer.

PMID- 6585601
TI  - Evaluation of hypervitaminosis A in the rat by measurement of tibial bone
      breaking strain.
AB  - Using etretinate as a model compound, the bone changes characteristic of
      hypervitaminosis A were evaluated in the rat in terms of tibial bone-breaking
      strain. Dose-related effects were observed in the dose range of 5-30 mg/kg p.o.
      for 15 days. The model proved a simple and precise means of assessing
      hypervitaminosis A in this species. Isotretinoin also showed a small but
      significant reduction in tibial breaking strain, but with a shallow dose-response
      curve in the range of 50-150 mg/kg.

PMID- 6585602
TI  - Variance-covariance modeling with chromosome markers.
AB  - A binomial cell-marking process in the mitotic development of an organism is
      defined. Basic identities are established for the expectations, variances and
      covariances of the percentages of type-1 marked cells in general aggregates of
      cells. The identities are stated in terms of general probabilities that two
      cells, randomly picked from the aggregates, are in the same marked clone. The
      Nesbitt model for the X-chromosome inactivation marker and tissue differentiation
      is generalized in terms of these probabilities. The simultaneous use of two
      markers is analysed in similar terms. The application of the approach to a
      variety of aggregates of the haemopoietic system is briefly reviewed and
      discussed.

PMID- 6585603
TI  - Expression of myeloid-specific antigens on two human erythroleukaemia cell lines,
      HEL and K562.
AB  - The cell-surface phenotype of the human erythroleukaemia cell line, HEL, was
      investigated using a panel of lineage-specific monoclonal antibodies by indirect
      immunofluorescence. Antigens specific for the erythroid, granulocytic and
      monocytic lineages were detected, but no lymphoid- or platelet-specific antigens
      were found. The data obtained for HEL were compared to findings for the K562
      human erythroleukaemia cell line and considerable similarities were demonstrated
      between the phenotypes of the two. In particular it was noted that the majority
      of granulocyte/monocyte markers present on HEL were also present on K562. The
      occurrence on HEL of markers of several haemopoietic lineages would suggest an
      origin from the non-lymphopoietic multipotential stem-cell or CFU-GEMM.

PMID- 6585604
TI  - Genetic engineering.

PMID- 6585605
TI  - [Testicular damage caused by chemotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6585606
TI  - Properties of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase in rat liver microsomal acetone
      powder.
AB  - Rat liver microsomes were extracted with acetone, and a microsomal powder
      preparation was obtained. The cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity of acetone
      powder was linear with time, the amount of protein, and the amount of cholesterol
      in human or rat serum. Unesterified lipoprotein cholesterol was also an effective
      substrate, and the Km values increased progressively from high-density
      lipoprotein (HDL) to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to very-low-density
      lipoprotein (VLDL), suggesting that HDL-free-cholesterol was the better
      substrate.

PMID- 6585607
TI  - [Clinico-statistical study of an outpatient diabetic population. Relation of the
      dental formula, correct and incorrect diet and blood glucose].

PMID- 6585609
TI  - [Bacteriological correlation in apical granulomas and radicular cysts].

PMID- 6585608
TI  - [Clinical, etiopathogenetic and symptomatologic aspects of calcareous pulp
      degeneration].

PMID- 6585610
TI  - [Mechanical and thermomechanical characteristics of chemically polymerized and
      photosensitive sealants].

PMID- 6585612
TI  - [Cephalometric aspects of determining the gonial angle after bilateral sagittal
      osteotomy of Gotte's angle].

PMID- 6585611
TI  - [SEM study of the action of modern abrasive and polishing products].

PMID- 6585613
TI  - [Positional modifications of the tongue and hyoid bone after prognathism
      intervention with and without glossectomy].

PMID- 6585614
TI  - [Osteosynthesis in the treatment of mandibular fractures. An analytical study of
      120 cases].

PMID- 6585615
TI  - [Posttraumatic carotid-cavernous fistula. Treatment by progressive closure of the
      cervical carotid].

PMID- 6585616
TI  - [Case of hemangioma of the oral mucosa treated by low-intensity laser
      irradiation].

PMID- 6585617
TI  - [The chin-cap and its synergistic use with functional therapy in a case of Angle
      class III].

PMID- 6585618
TI  - [Role of computerized axial tomography in maxillofacial injuries].

PMID- 6585619
TI  - [Computerized axial tomography in tumors of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6585620
TI  - [Fibrous bone dysplasias of the maxillofacial area. CT x-ray images].

PMID- 6585621
TI  - [Oral localization of Kaposi's disease. A clinical note].

PMID- 6585622
TI  - [Action of ultrasound on the pulp tissue. A histological and histochemical study
      on human teeth].

PMID- 6585623
TI  - [Oromaxillary amyloidosis. Classification, etiopathogenesis and clinical
      immunopathological and histochemical study].

PMID- 6585624
TI  - [Cross-sectional epidemiological study of the development and dental status of
      school-age subjects in Palermo. A comparative analysis with Swedish and English
      data].

PMID- 6585625
TI  - [Osteodental ankylosis].

PMID- 6585626
TI  - [Postpermanent dentition. Report of a clinical case].

PMID- 6585627
TI  - [Cases of angiodysplasia].

PMID- 6585628
TI  - [Garre's osteomyelitis of the mandible. Report of 2 cases].

PMID- 6585629
TI  - [Clinical statistical study of the use of an infrared laser in dentistry].

PMID- 6585630
TI  - [Immunological aspects in the pathogenesis of periapical inflammatory lesions].

PMID- 6585631
TI  - [Technic for the thermomechanical condensation of gutta-percha. An in vitro
      evaluation].

PMID- 6585632
TI  - [Treatment of gingival recession. II. Surgical technics].

PMID- 6585633
TI  - [Chemical and physical removal of working waxes from the surfaces of artificial
      teeth. Preliminary observations].

PMID- 6585634
TI  - [Shock states in dentistry].

PMID- 6585636
TI  - [Nosological and clinical picture in angiomas of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6585635
TI  - [Juvenile rhabdomyosarcoma of the head area. Classification, diagnosis, therapy].

PMID- 6585637
TI  - [Lipoma of the oral cavity. Clinical contribution].

PMID- 6585638
TI  - [Preoperative sedation in dental surgery on high-risk heart disease patients].

PMID- 6585639
TI  - [Cefadroxil in stomatology].

PMID- 6585640
TI  - [Remodelling of the occlusal surfaces after surgical repositioning of the
      condyle].

PMID- 6585641
TI  - [Current status of the radiographic study of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6585642
TI  - Management of flail chest using high frequency jet ventilation. Case report.

PMID- 6585643
TI  - [Malignant lymphoblastic lymphoma associated with terminal reactive
      histiocytosis].

PMID- 6585644
TI  - Rifkin bugs bug.

PMID- 6585645
TI  - Mouse Ia antigens are receptors for lactate dehydrogenase virus.
AB  - Infection of mice with lactate dehydrogenase virus (LDV) leads to elevation of
      plasma lactate dehydrogenase, lifelong viraemia and perturbations of cell
      mediated and humoral immune responses. The virus replicates exclusively in a
      restricted set of macrophages, but the basis for restricted cell susceptibility
      is unknown. By immunofluorescence techniques we have found that the per cent
      infected was the same as the per cent expressing antigens encoded by the I region
      of the major histocompatibility complex (Ia). Infection of CBA strain I-A+
      peritoneal macrophages was blocked when cells were treated simultaneously with
      monoclonal antibody to I-A and I-E, but not with either antibody separately. LDV
      infectivity was inactivated when virus was treated with purified rat glycoprotein
      homologous to mouse I-A and I-E antigens. These results indicate that the
      receptors for LDV are I-A and I-E antigens. Selective infection of Ia-positive
      macrophages may have an important effect on the immunological capability of
      infected mice.

PMID- 6585646
TI  - Biotechnology: US link for Cambridge venture.

PMID- 6585647
TI  - The beneficial effect of a phenytoin loading dose on seizure recurrence in
      patients with acute repetitive seizures: a preliminary report.

PMID- 6585648
TI  - Affective sickness and normal behavior.

PMID- 6585649
TI  - Hearing screening in "high risk" infants.

PMID- 6585650
TI  - Heparin-induced thrombosis.

PMID- 6585651
TI  - Medical education at the Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital: a brief history and
      comment.

PMID- 6585652
TI  - Community hospital training programs: underrated options for medical education.

PMID- 6585653
TI  - One community's approach to diabetes education.

PMID- 6585654
TI  - Understanding hypertension.

PMID- 6585655
TI  - Self-help for high blood pressure.

PMID- 6585656
TI  - Varicose veins.

PMID- 6585657
TI  - Q: elevated serum creatine kinase (does/does not) equal myocardial infarction?

PMID- 6585658
TI  - Rocky Mountain spotted fever in pregnancy.

PMID- 6585659
TI  - Build a "beta" mousetrap--propranolol poisoning.

PMID- 6585660
TI  - All contraceptives have problems: toxic-shock syndrome and the vaginal
      contraceptive sponge.

PMID- 6585661
TI  - Late reporting of sudden vision loss.

PMID- 6585662
TI  - A new era in pharmacotherapy: the need to understand the principles of
      therapeutic drug monitoring.

PMID- 6585663
TI  - Pulmonary echinococcosis: the geographic history scores again.

PMID- 6585664
TI  - The role of the argon laser in plastic surgery.

PMID- 6585665
TI  - Gastric bariatric surgery at North Carolina Memorial Hospital: factors essential
      for good results.

PMID- 6585666
TI  - A "new" cause of diarrhea?

PMID- 6585667
TI  - Caffeine--a drug with multiple points of entry.

PMID- 6585668
TI  - Antitrust and physician payment.

PMID- 6585670
TI  - Learning disability.

PMID- 6585669
TI  - Some reflections on the relationships between universities and industry as they
      influence the evolution of the medical-industrial complex.

PMID- 6585671
TI  - Hill Learning Development Center an approach to remediation of learning
      disabilities.

PMID- 6585672
TI  - Aging and the skin.

PMID- 6585673
TI  - 4-aminoquinolines can be dangerous to your health: chloroquine (Aralen)
      intoxication.

PMID- 6585674
TI  - Moonlighting: a practice to be encouraged?

PMID- 6585675
TI  - Secondary syphilis masquerading as AIDS in a young gay male.

PMID- 6585677
TI  - A suggestion for decreasing the number of medical publications.

PMID- 6585676
TI  - Medical memories--tattoos: the last short arm inspection conducted by the Army.

PMID- 6585678
TI  - Options for controlling costs: a survey of the American public and selected
      professionals in the health care field.

PMID- 6585679
TI  - [Joint symptoms in children: suspicion justified].

PMID- 6585680
TI  - Circulating immune complexes in patients with lymphomas and leukemias.
AB  - Immune complexes (IC) were examined in the sera of 100 patients with
      histologically confirmed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 80 leukemic patients by
      the EA-rosette forming cell inhibition assay. Sera from 55 healthy controls were
      also tested for the presence of IC. Using 9% rosette inhibition as a base-line,
      IC were observed to be present in 66 out of 100 sera from patients with NHL
      (66%), 35 out of 80 sera from patients with leukemia (43.7%) and 10 out of 55
      control subjects (18%, p less than 0.001). The percentage of positive results was
      significantly lower in NHL patients with favorable prognosis (45%) than in
      patients with unfavorable prognosis (80%). IC from the sera of 7 ALL and 6 CML
      patients were investigated before chemotherapy, in remission and at relapse. The
      mean inhibitory rate of rosette inhibition was significantly higher in patients
      during the blastic stage of leukemia than during the complete remission (12.5%),
      and later it became higher again at the time of relapse. In CML patients, the
      previously normal serum rosette inhibition activity increased during the blastic
      crisis. These observations indicate that the follow-up studies of such patients
      may determine their prognosis accurately.

PMID- 6585681
TI  - [Chemotherapy for experimental subarachnoid dissemination model of brain tumor].
AB  - Chemotherapy was applied for experimental subarachnoid dissemination model of
      brain tumor which was established in male Wister-SPF (SLC) rats inoculated
      intracisternally with 2 X 10(5) C6 rat glioma cells. Nontreated animals died
      about 24 days after inoculation. Autopsy findings of the animals showed localized
      or multifocal invasion of the tumor on leptomeninges in cisterna magna, and
      partially infiltration into the parenchyma of the cerebellum and medulla
      oblongata. Three days after inoculation, the tumor deposition and proliferation
      already occurred. Several tumor cell layers were found in the subarachnoid space
      over the cerebellomedullary surface. Tumor bearing animals were at first treated
      by single agent. These are ACNU administered intraperitoneally, methotrexate
      administered intracisternally, and OK-432 administered intraperitoneally. In the
      next stage, combination of these drugs was applied. ACNU, 3 mg/kg i. p., on Day
      3, was effective in elongation of median survival time by 23.6%, statistically
      significant (P less than 0.02). Methotrexate, 0.25 mg/kg i.th., on Day 3, was
      also effective in elongation of median survival time by 8.4%, statistically
      significant (P less than 0.05). OK-432, 0.1 KE/kg i. p., daily, 14 times, from
      Day 3 to Day 16, was ineffective in elongation of median survival time.
      Combination of ACNU, methotrexate and OK-432, in the same schedule as described
      above, produced the longest median survival time of 42.4%, statistically
      significant (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6585682
TI  - Asbestos in New York State.

PMID- 6585683
TI  - Chemical weapons: a question of morality.

PMID- 6585684
TI  - Brainstem ischemia and syncope.

PMID- 6585685
TI  - Declining incidence of rheumatic heart disease.

PMID- 6585686
TI  - Cytologic evaluation of thyroid nodules. New criteria for surgery.

PMID- 6585687
TI  - Outpatient hypospadias repair.

PMID- 6585688
TI  - Plasma magnesium and anticonvulsant therapy.

PMID- 6585689
TI  - The CPC: cerebral vascular occlusion followed by renal failure in a 62-year-old
      woman.

PMID- 6585690
TI  - Diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma presenting as acute appendicitis.

PMID- 6585691
TI  - Malignant epithelial mesothelioma of the anterior mediastinum.

PMID- 6585692
TI  - Myocardial rupture following intracoronary thrombolysis.

PMID- 6585693
TI  - Acute appendicitis presenting as cholestatic jaundice.

PMID- 6585694
TI  - Perforative appendicitis in the third trimester of pregnancy.

PMID- 6585695
TI  - A second look at the Pomeroy method of tubal sterilization.

PMID- 6585696
TI  - Leboyer and obstetric practice.

PMID- 6585698
TI  - The world cigarette pandemic.

PMID- 6585697
TI  - The New York State Tumor Registry. An important resource.

PMID- 6585699
TI  - Changing maternal and newborn care. A study of the Leboyer approach to childbirth
      management.

PMID- 6585700
TI  - Descriptive epidemiology of primary bone cancers in upstate New York.

PMID- 6585701
TI  - Vascular access for patients on long-term hemodialysis maintenance.

PMID- 6585702
TI  - Lower extremity weakness, amenorrhea and galactorrhea in a 38-year-old woman.

PMID- 6585703
TI  - The Personal Health Care System. A new proposal for a national health program.

PMID- 6585704
TI  - Spontaneous amputation of the adnexae. A rare cause of prepubertal pelvic mass.

PMID- 6585705
TI  - Nontraumatic clostridial myonecrosis and mycotic aneurysm formation.

PMID- 6585706
TI  - Cerebral abscess in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

PMID- 6585708
TI  - After 40 years, no signs of decay in fluoride controversy.

PMID- 6585709
TI  - Renaissance of the Bernstein Library: new goals, expanded roles.

PMID- 6585707
TI  - Malignant giant cell tumor of the frontal bone.

PMID- 6585710
TI  - Molecular electronics: organic computers in the 21st century.

PMID- 6585711
TI  - Legionellosis due to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6: report of three cases.
AB  - Three cases of legionellosis caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 are
      reported and a brief review of similar cases in New Zealand in 1982 is made.
      Legionellosis appears more common in New Zealand than was previously thought. In
      1982 50% of reported cases occurred in the Wellington region and a uniquely high
      incidence of legionellosis due to serogroup 6 was observed.

PMID- 6585712
TI  - Goitre and thyroid dysfunction during chronic amiodarone treatment.
AB  - We measured thyroid function in a cross-sectional survey of 37 unselected
      patients receiving chronic amiodarone treatment. Palpable goitre was presented in
      17 patients and was a new finding in ten. Despite frequent elevations of serum
      free T4 (67%) or free T4 index (43%), all 37 patients were clinically euthyroid
      with a normal or decreased serum free T3 or free T3 index. Mean urine
      iodide/creatinine excretion was increased 13-fold. Three patterns of thyroid
      function were seen; in 21 patients with normal TRH responses, the mean basal
      serum TSH was significantly elevated. Five patients had biochemical
      hypothyroidism which did not require treatment. Eleven patients had evidence of
      thyroid autonomy and the three patients with absent TRH responses each gave a
      past history of goitre or thyrotoxicosis; a trial of carbimazole treatment in
      these three was without clinical benefit. The observed spectrum of subclinical
      goitre and thyroid dysfunction may result from an unpredictable thyroid response
      to excessive free iodide combined with a weak goitrogenic effect of amiodarone
      mediated by increased TSH secretion.

PMID- 6585714
TI  - Permanent cardiac pacing--technology out of control?

PMID- 6585713
TI  - Campylobacter enteritis in the acute surgical ward.
AB  - Campylobacter jejuni now represents an important cause of acute infectious
      diarrhoeal illness. This paper examines the clinical course and management of
      eight patients, with campylobacter enteritis, presenting as acute surgical
      admissions. The severity of their symptoms and signs provided difficulty in
      distinguishing this diagnosis from acute surgical emergencies, in particular
      acute appendicitis. One patient underwent a laparotomy--a normal appendicectomy.

PMID- 6585715
TI  - Health reorganisation enacted.

PMID- 6585716
TI  - The exposure of pre-school children to water hazards and the incidence of
      potential drowning accidents.
AB  - Pre-school drownings are a common cause of death and nearly all occur within the
      child's everyday environment. This study is the first attempt to (a) determine
      the rate of exposure of a nationwide sample of 8430 New Zealand children aged 1-3
      years, to water hazards in their everyday environment and (b) obtain the number
      of potential drowning accidents suffered by the sample since birth. Sixty percent
      of the children were exposed to one and usually several, water hazards. Domestic
      swimming pools were the single most common hazard (39%). Sixty-three percent of
      these pools had no safety features. Eight-eight percent of the children's parents
      supported the mandatory fencing of domestic pools. Since birth, 734 of the
      children had experienced a total of 867 water accidents where but for a chance
      finding drowning could have resulted. Medical treatment was sought for 10%. Forty
      eight percent occurred in a bath or a domestic swimming pool.

PMID- 6585717
TI  - A hypersensitivity screening clinic following untoward reactions to anaesthesia.
AB  - Anaphylactoid or anaphylactic reactions to drugs used during general anaesthesia
      are potentially life threatening. It is important that they be differentiated
      from other types of cardio-respiratory collapse. At present a detailed history of
      the time sequence of events in relation to drug administration is of a greatest
      importance. Retrospective skin testing may then indicate which agent was
      involved, although false positives and false negatives may occur. Forty-nine
      patients who presented with a history of collapse during anaesthesia over a five
      year period were skin tested. Positive results were obtained in 22, ten gave
      inconclusive test results but a strongly suggestive history. The remainder were
      considered to have other causes for their clinical presentation. The incidence of
      severe reactions confirmed by history and by skin testing in this community is
      approximately 1:4000.

PMID- 6585718
TI  - A survey of ESR and eosinophil count in a racially mixed population in New
      Zealand.
AB  - A volunteer study in a racially mixed community in New Zealand has shown marked
      differences between ESRS in healthy European, Maori, and Cook Island subjects. As
      expected, females had higher ESRs than males. In the European group the values
      fell close to the Westergren normal range, but the Maori group had a significant
      number abnormal, with Islander group showing more abnormalities. Occult bacterial
      or parasitic infections may explain high ESRs in Islanders, but mycobacteria and
      microfilaria are considered unlikely causes. Islanders have a high incidence of
      elevated eosinophil count, but this is not associated with high ESR, or the
      converse. The oral contraceptive pill causes significant elevation of ESR in
      European females. Further study is needed to establish causes of the abnormal
      ESRs detected.

PMID- 6585719
TI  - ACC and GMS benefit.

PMID- 6585720
TI  - Sulindac-induced acute interstitial nephritis.

PMID- 6585721
TI  - Antibiotic prescribing errors: are the services of the microbiology laboratory
      being properly utilised?

PMID- 6585722
TI  - Ototoxicity of metronidazole.

PMID- 6585724
TI  - Loss of credibility.

PMID- 6585723
TI  - Changing patterns in child restraint use.

PMID- 6585725
TI  - Regent rule 29.2(b)

PMID- 6585726
TI  - Physical fitness for the dentist.

PMID- 6585727
TI  - Health maintenance through applied nutrition.

PMID- 6585728
TI  - Self-protection against hepatitis B infection in the dental office.

PMID- 6585730
TI  - Dentistry and dance: report of a survey.

PMID- 6585731
TI  - Employee or independent contractor: a status guide for the employed dentist.

PMID- 6585729
TI  - Occupational hazards in the dental office.

PMID- 6585732
TI  - Team dentist. The New York Jets.

PMID- 6585733
TI  - Cervical ripening with prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppositories.
AB  - A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was undertaken
      to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 3-mg prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) vaginal
      suppository for the initiation of cervical ripening before the induction of
      labor. All patients were required to have an initial Bishop score of 4 or les.
      The 3-mg PGE2 vaginal suppository was found to be an effective method of both
      cervical ripening and labor induction. Its use resulted in a highly significant
      improvement in the mean Bishop score compared with the placebo group (2.67 versus
      0.55 points, P less than .00005). Its use also resulted in a significant
      reduction in the number of failed inductions (5 versus 23%, P less than .0005).
      Moreover, 68% of the patients treated with PGE2 labored after initial suppository
      placement, and 42% of these patients never required oxytocin augmentation of
      labor. However, there were three instances of uterine hyperstimulation/hypertonus
      following placement of the 3-mg PGE2 suppository, suggesting that perhaps a lower
      dose of PGE2 would improve its safety as a ripening agent without affecting its
      efficacy.

PMID- 6585734
TI  - Induction of labor with prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppositories.
AB  - A prospective randomized study of 85 parturients was undertaken comparing the
      safety and efficacy of a 3-mg prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppository with
      intravenous oxytocin for the induction of labor. All patients were required to
      have a Bishop's score of 5 or higher. Labor was successfully induced in 98% of
      the patients in both groups by their respective methods. Sixty-four percent of
      the patients receiving a 3-mg prostaglandin E2 suppository required no
      intravenous oxytocin. More specifically, 82% (23/28) of the parous patients but
      only 29% (5/17) of the nulliparous patients who received a single 3-mg
      prostaglandin E2 suppository for labor induction did not require oxytocin
      augmentation (P less than .005). The first and second stages of labor were not
      significantly different for the two groups, and there was no significant
      difference in the incidence of cesarean section. A 3-mg prostaglandin E2 vaginal
      suppository may be a useful alternative to oxytocin for the induction of labor in
      carefully selected patients.

PMID- 6585735
TI  - [Dynamic studies of the lower anchor molars in the 1st stage of the Begg
      technic].

PMID- 6585736
TI  - [A thermoplastic gutta-percha obturation technic].

PMID- 6585737
TI  - [The effect of glucocorticoids on succinic acid metabolism in the dental pulp].

PMID- 6585739
TI  - [The foramina of the lingual surface of the lower premolar].

PMID- 6585738
TI  - [An anatomical study of the bone attachments of muscle tendons and ligaments. I.
      The styloid process attachment to muscles and ligaments using macroscopic
      observations].

PMID- 6585740
TI  - [A survey on the dental illness behaviors in areas without dental facilities,
      Niigata prefecture].

PMID- 6585741
TI  - [Microradiographic studies on secondary carious lesions occurring in cavities
      filled with amalgam].

PMID- 6585742
TI  - [Disturbed formation of dental tissues due to magnesium deficiency].

PMID- 6585743
TI  - [Epidemiological studies of deciduous tooth eruption and dental caries in 1-year
      6-month-old children by birth order. I: Observations of deciduous tooth eruption
      and dental caries by birth order].

PMID- 6585744
TI  - [Epidemiological studies of deciduous tooth eruption and dental caries in 1-year
      6-month-old children by birth order. II: Epidemiologic studies on the deciduous
      teeth of 1-year-6-month-old children by birth order].

PMID- 6585745
TI  - [A morphological study on the deciduous dentition using Fourier analysis. The
      size and shape of the coronal and basal arches].

PMID- 6585746
TI  - [The level of 5-fluorouracil in tissues, using high-performance liquid
      chromatography].

PMID- 6585747
TI  - [Morphological studies on Indian mandibles. 3: Exterior of the mandibular ramus
      and interior of the mandibular ramus].

PMID- 6585748
TI  - [Ligaments under the collarbone].

PMID- 6585749
TI  - [An anatomical study of teeth in the giant salamander].

PMID- 6585750
TI  - [Sister chromatid exchange in Chinese hamster V79 cells caused by phenacetin].

PMID- 6585751
TI  - [Mutagenicity of chlorpromazine and promethazine on cultured mammalian cells].

PMID- 6585752
TI  - [Electric resistance and capacitance in sea urchins].

PMID- 6585753
TI  - [Electric properties of human hair].

PMID- 6585754
TI  - [The relation between cleft palate formation in A/Jax strain mice and the dose of
      dexamethasone].

PMID- 6585755
TI  - [Drug susceptibility of streptococci isolated from the oral cavity and biotypes
      of Streptococcus mutans].

PMID- 6585756
TI  - [Post-hatching surface structure of the larval tooth and tooth count in
      Onychodactylus japonicus observed by scanning electron microscopy].

PMID- 6585757
TI  - [Morphological study of fangs in the Pelagic sea snake, Pelamis platurus].

PMID- 6585758
TI  - [Relation between upper and lower cusp tips in the anterior plane. Studies with a
      3-dimensional measurement system].

PMID- 6585759
TI  - [Amino acid composition of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing proteins in the
      teeth of cats].

PMID- 6585760
TI  - [Morphological studies on Indian mandibles. 4: The mylohyoid groove].

PMID- 6585761
TI  - [Basic studies on the clinical application of cresatin].

PMID- 6585762
TI  - [Further studies on phenol-camphor mixture].

PMID- 6585763
TI  - [The effect of sodium fluoride on the rat molar in vitro].

PMID- 6585764
TI  - [An anatomical study of teeth in the Axolotl (Siredon mexicanum)].

PMID- 6585765
TI  - [A case of surgical correction using both the Wassmund-Wunderer method and step
      ostectomy for mandibular mobilization in open bite].

PMID- 6585766
TI  - [Effects of dietary fluoride on the hard tissue fluoride concentrations in
      growing rats].

PMID- 6585767
TI  - Dental assistants' guide to radiation protection course--part 2.

PMID- 6585768
TI  - A technique for uprighting impacted and ectopically erupting permanent molars.

PMID- 6585769
TI  - Dentistry by house call.

PMID- 6585770
TI  - Statutes of limitation--without limit.

PMID- 6585771
TI  - Ocular Loa Loa with cryoprobe extraction of subconjunctival worm.
AB  - A healthy 27-year-old West African man presented to the emergency room at the
      Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary complaining of a moving foreign body
      sensation in his right eye. He had experienced recurrent episodes of
      subconjunctival Loa Loa, a parasite endemic in Africa. A cryoprobe was
      successfully used for extraction of a large adult worm. Strategies for the
      removal of subconjunctival worms are presented. The systemic and ocular
      manifestations of Loa Loa are reviewed and a discussion of complications of
      medical management follows.

PMID- 6585772
TI  - Hospice in U.S. emerges as health care reform - reaction to high tech. Part II.

PMID- 6585773
TI  - Clinicopathological characteristics of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the 4;11
      chromosome translocation.
AB  - Analysis of the bone marrow karyotype in 109 consecutive untreated patients with
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by the G-banding technique revealed the
      presence of a translocation between specific sites on the long arms of
      chromosomes 4 and 11, [t(4;11) (q21;q23)] in 3 adults and 2 children.
      Splenomegaly was present in all patients, marked leukocytosis in 4, and retinal
      hemorrhages in the absence of significant mucocutaneous bleeding in 3. Complete
      remission defined by conventional morphological criteria was achieved with
      combination chemotherapy in all instances, but the duration of remission was
      brief in 3. Three patients were studied in relapse, and clonal evolution was
      found to have occurred in 2. Analysis of our data in conjunction with other
      published reports suggests this specific karyotypic abnormality characterizes a
      small subgroup of ALL in which there is a strong association with recognized
      clinical and laboratory indices of poor prognosis, in particular its frequent
      occurrence in children under the age of 2.5 yr. There is a propensity to undergo
      clonal evolution, and the possibility exists that such a development is
      associated with poor prognosis.

PMID- 6585774
TI  - Lactate as a cerebral metabolic fuel for glucose-6-phosphatase deficient
      children.
AB  - The main substrates for brain energy metabolism were measured in blood samples
      taken from the carotid artery and the internal jugular bulb of four children with
      glycogen storage disease caused by deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase. Multiple
      paired arterial and venous blood samples were analyzed for glucose, lactate,
      pyruvate, D-beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, glycerol and O2, and the
      arteriovenous differences of the concentrations were calculated. In the first
      three patients the substrates were measured in two successive conditions with
      lower and higher glucose-intake, respectively, inducing reciprocally higher and
      lower concentrations of blood lactate. In the fourth patient medium chain
      triglycerides were administered simultaneously with the glucose-containing
      gastric drip feeding. Lactate appeared to be taken up significantly. It consumed,
      if completely oxidized, between 40-50% of the total O2 uptake in most cases. Only
      once in one patient the uptake of lactate switched to its release, when the blood
      lactate level decreased to normal. D-beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate
      arteriovenous (A-V) differences were small to negligible and these ketone bodies,
      therefore, did not contribute substantially to the brain's energy expenditure.
      Glycerol was not metabolized by the brain. Lactate thus appeared to be the second
      brain fuel next to glucose. It may protect the brain against fuel depletion in
      case of hypoglycemia.

PMID- 6585775
TI  - [Fate of 24 children with acute leukemia with very long survival and continued
      remission after withdrawal of treatment].

PMID- 6585776
TI  - [Clinico-cytological and cytogenetic characteristics of chronic myeloleukemia in
      children].

PMID- 6585777
TI  - [Eye lesions in acute leukemia in children].

PMID- 6585778
TI  - [Congenital chronic myeloid leukosis].

PMID- 6585779
TI  - Incorporating nutritional practices into dentistry.

PMID- 6585780
TI  - Osteoclasts and the resorption of mineralized tissues.

PMID- 6585781
TI  - [Neurological side effects after using thiethylperazine].

PMID- 6585782
TI  - [Coexistence of myeloblastic leukemia and miliary tuberculosis; diagnostic and
      therapeutic difficulties].

PMID- 6585783
TI  - [Significance of the occluder in clinical dentistry].

PMID- 6585784
TI  - [Levels of E and F2 alpha-group prostaglandins in the lung tissue of animals with
      different species resistance to tuberculosis].

PMID- 6585785
TI  - Chiral probes for the handedness of DNA helices: enantiomers of tris(4,7
      diphenylphenanthroline)ruthenium(II).
AB  - The chiral complexes tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) (RuDIP)
      are shown to be specific chemical probes with which to distinguish right- and
      left-handed DNA helices in solution. In spectrophotometric titrations of racemic
      RuDIP with both B-form calf thymus DNA and Z-form poly[d(G-C)], hypochromicity in
      the intense metal-to-ligand charge-transfer band is found and enhancement in
      luminescence is observed. The spectrophotometric assay of DNA binding to the well
      resolved enantiomers of RuDIP provides a means to determine the helical
      conformation. Strong chiral specificity is seen in binding experiments with right
      handed B-DNA and, on this basis, the absolute configurations are assigned.
      Although delta-RuDIP can bind by intercalation into the right-handed helix,
      steric constraints imposed by the helix asymmetry preclude completely binding by
      the lambda enantiomer. Both isomers, however, are found to bind equally to Z-DNA.
      Left-handed helices that are more similar structurally to B-DNA would be
      predicted to display a stereospecific preference for this lambda isomer.

PMID- 6585786
TI  - On the mechanism of energy transduction in myosin subfragment 1.
AB  - It is proposed that the myosin subfragment 1 moiety of the muscle contractile
      apparatus is a self-contained "engine" whose operational plan is based on the
      interactive nature of ATP (or degradation intermediate) binding and actin
      binding, made possible by an intersite communication system. It is suggested that
      the spatial information required for examining this engine can, at least
      provisionally, be derived from fluorescence resonance energy transfer
      measurements interpreted by the Forster equation and that the existence of an
      intersite communication system can be deduced from piece-wise detection of
      interacting pairs of points.

PMID- 6585787
TI  - Nerve growth factor inhibits the synthesis of a single-stranded DNA binding
      protein in pheochromocytoma cells (clone PC12).
AB  - Arrest of mitosis and neurite outgrowth induced by nerve growth factor (NGF) in
      rat pheochromocytoma cells (clone PC12) is accompanied by a progressive
      inhibition of the synthesis of a protein that binds to single-stranded but not to
      double-stranded DNA. Time course experiments show that this inhibition is already
      apparent after a 2-day incubation with NGF and is maximum (85-95%) upon
      achievement of complete PC12 cell differentiation. Inhibition of the synthesis of
      this single-stranded DNA binding protein after 48 hr of incubation with NGF is
      potentiated by concomitant treatment of PC12 cells with antimitotic drugs acting
      at different levels of DNA replication. Purification on a preparative scale of
      this protein and analysis of its major physicochemical properties show that: (i)
      it constitutes 0.5% of total soluble proteins of naive PC12 cells; (ii) its
      molecular weight measured by NaDodSO4/PAGE is Mr 34,000 (sucrose gradient
      centrifugation under nondenaturing conditions yields a sedimentation coefficient
      s20,w of 8.1 S, indicating that the native protein is an oligomer); (iii) amino
      acid analysis demonstrates a preponderance of acidic over basic residues, while
      electrofocusing experiments show that it has an isoelectric point around 8.0;
      (iv) approximately 15% of the protein is phosphorylated in vivo. It is postulated
      that control of the synthesis of this protein is connected with activation of a
      differentiative program triggered by NGF in the PC12 neoplastic cell line at some
      step(s) of DNA activity.

PMID- 6585788
TI  - Interaction of the 2,6-dimethoxysemiquinone and ascorbyl free radicals with
      Ehrlich ascites cells: a probe of cell-surface charge.
AB  - The rate of quenching by Ehrlich ascites cells of anionic 2,6-dimethoxy-p
      semiquinone and ascorbyl free radicals is investigated as a function of cell
      concentration, the blocking of cell-surface sulfhydryl groups by N
      ethylmaleimide, and the reduction of cell-surface charge by neuraminidase. The
      rate of quenching is found to be proportional to cell viability and to the number
      of free cell-surface sulfhydryl groups. The enzymatic action of neuraminidase
      results in an increase of the free radical quenching rate, indicating that this
      rate can be used as a probe of cell-surface charge. Measurements as a function of
      the ionic strength of the suspending electrolyte gave a value of -1.22 microC X
      cm-2 for the charge density at the ascites cell surface. This is equivalent to a
      surface membrane potential of -14 mV for a 150 mM NaCl electrolyte and is a value
      in good agreement with published electrophoresis data.

PMID- 6585789
TI  - Normal liver chromatin contains a firmly bound and larger protein related to the
      principal cytosolic target polypeptide of a hepatic carcinogen.
AB  - A 14,000-dalton polypeptide was previously reported to be the principal protein
      target of the carcinogen N-2-fluorenylacetamide (2-acetylaminofluorene) in liver
      cytosol at the start of hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. The 14,000-dalton
      polypeptide was purified to homogeneity according to gel electrophoreses in both
      NaDodSO4-containing medium and acetic acid/urea and also by immunogenicity. An
      immunologically related form of the cytosolic target polypeptide has now been
      found to be present in the nuclei of normal rat liver as a 17,500-dalton
      polypeptide that is firmly and ionically bound to chromatin. Serial salt
      extractions of isolated liver nuclei or chromatin at 0.15 and 0.35 ionic
      strengths fail to dissolve the bound polypeptide, according to electrophoretic
      transfer immunoblot analyses. Most of the 17,500-dalton polypeptide is extracted
      at 0.65 ionic strength, the remainder at 1.2, and none at 2.0, nor thereafter in
      8 M urea. In addition, short-term digestion of purified liver nuclei with
      micrococcal nuclease solubilizes the 17,500-dalton polypeptide. All three
      protocols also solubilize low levels of intermediate 17,500- to 14,000-dalton
      species, the latter size being the same as that of the cytosolic protein target
      of the carcinogen. The presence of protease inhibitors during the isolations and
      extractions of the nuclei and chromatin reduces the amounts of these smaller
      polypeptides. In normal rat liver only nuclei and cytoplasm of hepatocytes
      contain reactive antigen according to peroxidase-antiperoxidase
      immunohistochemistry, staining most intensely perilobularly, less in the lobular
      midzone, and least centrilobularly. The nuclei of the perilobular hepatocytes
      constitute the strongest staining compartment within all of normal liver. Of 22
      nonhepatic tissues of normal rats, 16 contain relatively few cells with
      immunoreactive cytoplasm. Nonhepatic nuclear antigen is present only in villar
      crest cells of duodenum (which are normally exposed to liver bile), also having
      cytoplasmic antigen as well. Five kinds of evidence appear to connect the
      chromatin-bound 17,500-dalton polypeptide of normal liver nuclei to the cytosolic
      14,000-dalton polypeptide that is the principal target of the carcinogen early
      during hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. The present findings indicate a direct
      connection between a chromosomal protein and the immediate principal cytosolic
      protein target of a carcinogen.

PMID- 6585790
TI  - Growth control in cultured 3T3 fibroblasts: neutralization and identification of
      a growth-inhibitory factor by a monoclonal antibody.
AB  - A fibroblast growth regulator, which inhibits the growth and division of
      proliferating fibroblasts, has been isolated from medium conditioned by exposure
      to density-inhibited mouse 3T3 cells. This partially purified preparation of the
      growth-inhibitory activity, termed FGR-s, contained two major polypeptides (Mrs,
      10,000 and 13,000). Using FGR-s as the immunogen, we have carried out in vitro
      immunization of rat splenocytes and have generated hybridoma lines, each
      secreting an antibody directed against components of the FGR-s preparation. One
      such monoclonal antibody, designated 2A4, specifically bound the Mr 13,000
      polypeptide of FGR-s. Antibody 2A4 also neutralized the growth-inhibitory effect
      of FGR-s in a concentration-dependent fashion. These results strongly suggest
      that the Mr 13,000 polypeptide carries growth-inhibitory activity.

PMID- 6585791
TI  - A mutagen-testing assay based on heterogeneity in diameter and integrated optical
      density of mammalian cell colonies.
AB  - We investigated the effects of the well-known mutagenic agents ethyl
      methanesulfonate (EtMes), N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and ICR-191
      on colonies of the Chinese hamster ovary line CHO cultured on a semisolid
      substrate. These agents induced heterogeneity in diameter and integrated optical
      density of colonies as determined by computer-assisted photography and subsequent
      analysis of the images of the colonies. When CHO colonies were exposed to agents
      such as urethane that are not known to be mutagenic in mammalian systems or to
      activation-requiring mutagens such as cyclophosphamide, there was no noticeable
      effect on the distribution of colony diameter and volume. Similarly, nonmutagenic
      agents such as dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) also did not induce heterogeneity in
      colony diameter and integrated optical density. Our observations recommend the
      use of agar-grown mammalian cell colonies for predictive testing of chemical
      mutagens and carcinogens in a simple, in vitro mammalian cell assay. This assay
      system, unlike other mammalian cell culture assays, allows detection and
      measurement of the simultaneous effects of chemical mutagens on several genetic
      and non-genetic targets and, thus, may emulate more closely the potential hazards
      of these agents in vivo.

PMID- 6585792
TI  - Mice homozygous for chromosomal deletions at the albino locus region lack
      specific polypeptides in two-dimensional gels.
AB  - Radiation-induced chromosomal deletions involving the albino locus region of the
      mouse result, when homozygous, in abnormalities ranging from sterility to
      lethality at various stages of development. We have utilized two-dimensional
      electrophoresis to search for polypeptide alterations in livers from newborn mice
      homozygous for the c14CoS and c3H deletions and also from c3H/c6H compound
      heterozygote mice. Five-hundred polypeptide spots detectable in normal mouse
      liver gels were scored. Alterations involving five polypeptides were observed in
      the various overlapping deletions. A spot corresponding to a polypeptide with a
      38,000 Mr was missing from mice homozygous for the short c14CoS and the longer
      overlapping c3H deletions. Another polypeptide with a 29,000 Mr was missing from
      c3H homozygotes and c3H/c6H heterozygotes. A third polypeptide with a 62,000 Mr
      was missing only from c3H homozygotes. Two additional polypeptides were markedly
      increased in amount in c14CoS and c3H homozygotes. The partial overlap between
      the three deletions analyzed allows provisional genetic mapping of previously
      unknown loci for three of the five electrophoretically identifiable polypeptides
      expressed in newborn mouse livers. The results obtained provide a basis for
      studying radiation-induced deletions with two-dimensional electrophoresis gels.

PMID- 6585793
TI  - Transmission of the hepatitis B virus-associated delta agent to the eastern
      woodchuck.
AB  - delta agent of human origin was inoculated into four woodchucks chronically
      infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV). The animals developed delta
      infections with serologic patterns similar to those previously observed in human
      and chimpanzee infections. delta antigen was detected transiently in serum and
      liver and was followed by seroconversion to anti-delta antibody. Analogous to the
      chimpanzee model of delta infection, serum and hepatocyte markers of WHV were
      suppressed in the woodchuck during acute delta infection. The suppression of WHV
      DNA in serum was evident only during the time of delta-antigen positivity, while
      the inhibition of other WHV markers was more protracted. The delta antigen in
      woodchuck sera circulated as an internal component of a particle similar in size
      to the human delta particle (36-nm diameter) and was encapsidated by the
      woodchuck hepatitis virus surface antigen; delta antigen from infected woodchuck
      and chimpanzee livers had similar biophysical properties. Histologic analysis
      showed that experimental delta infection is associated with a transient acute
      hepatitis in woodchucks and loss of hepatocytes carrying WHV antigens. The
      lesions differed from the conspicuous hepatitis associated with reappearance of
      WHV replication. Hepatitis B-like viruses, therefore, appear to provide the
      requisite helper functions for delta replication and the woodchuck represents a
      useful model for study of the virology and pathology of the delta agent.

PMID- 6585794
TI  - Osteonectin, bone proteoglycan, and phosphophoryn defects in a form of bovine
      osteogenesis imperfecta.
AB  - Bovine osteogenesis imperfecta is a congenital disease in Holstein cattle having
      several characteristics in common with human osteogenesis imperfecta syndromes.
      In particular, affected calves have multiple bone fractures and friable teeth.
      Bone collagen isolated from the affected animals (Texas variant) showed slightly
      decreased alpha 1(I) and alpha 2(I) chain electrophoretic mobility and increased
      hydroxylysine content. Overall collagen was present in the affected bones at 80
      90% of normal values. However, osteonectin, a 32,000 Mr bone-specific protein
      found previously to promote collagen mineralization in vitro and present in
      abundance (approximately equal to 3% of total protein) in normal calf bone, was
      severely depleted (less than 2% of normal levels) in the osteogenesis imperfecta
      bone and dentin. The bone proteoglycan was similarly depleted. In contrast, the
      bone sialoprotein was not as severely affected. Further, the diseased teeth
      lacked (less than 10% of normal values) phosphophoryn, a dentin-specific protein
      normally present as 4-5% of the total calf dentin matrix. The data suggest
      multiple hard tissue matrix protein deletions, perhaps due to impaired cell
      development.

PMID- 6585795
TI  - Antileukemic and immunosuppressive activity of 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine.
AB  - The adenosine deaminase-resistant purine deoxynucleoside 2-chloro-2'
      deoxyadenosine (CdA) is markedly toxic in vitro to nondividing and proliferating
      normal human lymphocytes and to many leukemia cell specimens. The CdA is also
      effective against mouse L1210 leukemia in vivo. The present investigations have
      examined the pharmacology, chemotherapeutic activity, and toxicity of CdA in nine
      patients with advanced hematologic malignancies refractory to conventional
      therapy. When administered by continuous intravenous infusion, the deoxyadenosine
      analog was well tolerated. As monitored by radioimmunoassay, plasma CdA levels
      rose gradually during the infusions. The CdA was not deaminated significantly. In
      all patients with leukemia, the CdA lowered the blast count by at least 50%. In
      one patient with a T-cell leukemia-lymphoma, and in another patient with chronic
      myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis, the CdA infusion eliminated all detectable
      blasts from the blood and bone marrow. In a patient with a diffuse lymphoma
      complicated by severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia, CdA treatment quickly
      terminated the hemolytic process. Bone marrow suppression represented the dose
      limiting toxicity, and was related to plasma CdA levels, cumulative drug dosage,
      and the rapid release of CdA that accompanied tumor cell lysis.

PMID- 6585796
TI  - Hepatitis B viral antigenic structure: signature analysis by monoclonal
      radioimmunoassays.
AB  - An approach has been developed for the analysis of hepatitis B viral (HBV)
      antigenic structure that creates numerical "signatures" of HBV strains. This
      technique employs high-affinity IgM and IgG monoclonal antibodies (anti-HBsAg)
      directed toward distinct and separate determinants on hepatitis B surface antigen
      (HBsAg). Such antibodies have been used to develop sensitive and specific
      radioimmuno-assays for measurement of HBsAg-associated determinants in serum. In
      performing "signature" analysis separate binding curves for each monoclonal anti
      HBsAg are generated by measuring immunoreactivity in serial dilutions of HBsAg
      positive serum. Since the HBsAg concentration in serum is unknown, the binding
      profiles of groups of samples from the same "classic" HBV subtype are aligned by
      an iterative maximum likelihood procedure to give the numerical signature of that
      HBV subtype. By using this approach, HBsAg shows far more antigenic heterogeneity
      than previously recognized by polyvalent anti-HBsAg antibodies. Indeed, there are
      subgroups within the classic HBsAg subtypes. In addition, the a domain (common to
      all known subtypes or strains of HBV) has been shown to be multideterminant.
      Thus, these studies have demonstrated heretofore unrecognized differences in HBV
      subtypes. This approach also has broader significance for the study of subtle or
      major antigenic changes among other viral agents since it is not necessary to
      know the concentration of virus or viral protein in complex protein mixtures.

PMID- 6585797
TI  - Effects of monocular deprivation on the lateral geniculate nucleus in a primate.
AB  - In many mammalian species, rearing with one eyelid closed produces a loss of
      vision in the deprived eye and a change in cell size in the lateral geniculate
      nucleus (LGN). In cats, the reduction in the size of deprived LGN cells has been
      correlated with a loss of one functional class of cells, Y cells. In primates,
      such as galago, LGN cells also exhibit marked changes in size with deprivation.
      In the present study we recorded from single cells in the LGN of monocularly
      deprived galagos to determine if such changes in cell size would be accompanied
      by changes in physiological properties. The results revealed no alterations in
      the distribution or functional properties of any cell class. The differences in
      the effects of monocular deprivation on the function of LGN cells in cats and
      primates are most easily explained by a fundamental difference in visual system
      anatomy. In cats, different classes of retinal afferents (X vs. Y) are in a
      position to compete for postsynaptic LGN neurons: in primates, segregation of
      cell classes into different layers may preclude such developmental interactions.

PMID- 6585798
TI  - Identification of novel neural- and neural retina-specific antigens with a
      monoclonal antibody.
AB  - A fluorescence-activated cell sorter screening method has been used to identify
      hybridomas that secrete monoclonal antibodies that can bind to viable
      subpopulations of embryonic chicken neural retina cells. One monoclonal antibody,
      C1H3, recognizes two nervous tissue-specific polypeptides that exhibit distinct
      developmental patterns. The monoclonal antibody reacts with a 140-kilodalton
      (kDa) polypeptide that is present at early stages of development (day 7) but is
      detected by immunoblotting in only negligible amounts at later times (day 17). In
      contrast, a 170-kDa polypeptide is first detectable by immunoblotting at day 10
      and is the predominant C1H3 antigen at day 17. Analysis of proteolytic fragments
      of the two proteins indicates that the polypeptides are distinct molecules that
      share a common antigenetic determinant. Both polypeptides are neural-specific;
      the 140-kDa polypeptide appears to be retina-specific, while the 170-kDa
      polypeptide is also present in other areas of the nervous system. Metabolic
      labeling of retina cells in situ at early embryonic stages reveals only the
      synthesis of the 140-kDa polypeptide. When such cells are dissociated and labeled
      in vitro, they synthesize primarily the 170-kDa polypeptide. Thus, the
      differential rate of synthesis of these two polypeptides is controlled by
      environmental factors that possibly include cell-cell contacts or an unknown
      systemic factor. The 140-kDa polypeptide is a unique marker for early neural
      retina cells.

PMID- 6585799
TI  - Rapid recovery of body mass after surgical removal of adipose tissue in ground
      squirrels.
AB  - A substantial proportion of total adipose tissue mass was surgically removed from
      female ground squirrels during weight gain or weight loss phases of the
      circannual body weight cycle. Within 2 months of fat removal, squirrels had
      restored body mass to levels appropriate to the stage of the annual body weight
      cycle. These findings suggest that ground squirrels may use feedback from body
      lipids in controlling body weight.

PMID- 6585801
TI  - Complex carbohydrate diets are not capable of maintaining normal plasma calcium
      and phosphorus levels in vitamin D-deficient rats.
AB  - Substitution of Cerelose (glucose monohydrate) for complex carbohydrate (whole
      wheat flour) does not alter plasma calcium levels in vitamin D-deficient rats,
      contrary to a previous report. It is suspected that whole wheat flour may contain
      traces of vitamin D that result in a slower rate of depletion than found with
      Cerelose diets. Vitamin D-deficient rats showing low plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin
      D3 levels and no detectable 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels in their blood show a
      hypocalcemia (5.6 mg/dl) and normal phosphatemia whether fed whole wheat or
      Cerelose diets.

PMID- 6585802
TI  - Comparison of the magnetic properties of deoxy- and photodissociated myoglobin.
AB  - The magnetic susceptibility of photodissociated carbon monoxy myoglobin has been
      measured over the temperature range from 1.7 to 25 K at 10 and 50 kG with a
      superconducting susceptometer. The spin and the crystal field parameters of the
      iron ion were extracted by a spin Hamiltonian approach. Under equivalent
      conditions the magnetic susceptibility of deoxy myoglobin was measured. In both
      experiments the CO-bound protein was used as a diamagnetic reference. Above about
      5 K the metastable photolysed state and the equilibrium deoxy form of myoglobin
      are magnetically indistinguishable and can be fitted with S = 2 and g = 2. The
      transition from spin 0 to spin 2 and the conformational changes known to
      accompany the electronic change thus also occur after photolysis at low
      temperature. At temperatures below 5 K, differences become apparent, indicating a
      somewhat smaller zero-field splitting in the photoproduct as compared to the
      ligand-free state at equilibrium. In qualitative agreement with observations made
      by other techniques, the data imply that even at 1.7 K substantial structural
      relaxation occurs in the heme region of myoglobin after photodissociation. The
      results are important for the interpretation of the ligand binding kinetics after
      flash photolysis at low temperature and contribute to the understanding of the
      relationship between electronic structure and function in heme proteins.

PMID- 6585800
TI  - Variations in DNA methylation during mouse cell differentiation in vivo and in
      vitro.
AB  - Mouse teratocarcinoma cells induced to differentiate in vitro undergo a massive
      (30%) demethylation of DNA. A similar undermethylation is also observed in the
      mouse extraembryonic membranes, the yolk sac and placenta. In both cases, the
      decrease in methyl moieties occurs at a large number of CpG sites spread out over
      the entire genome, as indicated by a restriction enzyme analysis of several mouse
      genes including dhfr, beta-major globin, and the H-2K gene family. In contrast to
      this, the embryo itself appears to undergo methylation de novo during early
      stages of embryogenesis. Thus, as opposed to somatic cells, events during early
      mouse development are associated with wide variations in the level of DNA
      methylation. Although these changes in DNA methylation seem to be an integral
      part of the differentiation process, its relation to specific gene expression is
      still unclear.

PMID- 6585803
TI  - X-ray evidence for two structural states of the actomyosin cross-bridge in muscle
      fibers.
AB  - Biochemical data, stiffness measurements, and equatorial x-ray diffraction
      patterns provide evidence that actomyosin cross-bridges form in relaxed skinned
      rabbit fibers at low ionic strength (20 mM). In the present study we examined the
      structure of these cross-bridges by using two-dimensional x-ray diffraction. In
      contrast to rigor cross-bridges, which significantly weaken the myosin-based
      reflections characteristic of relaxed fibers at 120 mM ionic strength (notably
      the 86-A and 108-A layer lines and the 72-A and 143-A meridionals), the formation
      of low ionic strength cross-bridges produced only small changes in these
      reflections. In addition, these cross-bridges did not produce the additional
      intensity on the 59-A actin-based layer line near the meridian that is associated
      with rigor cross-bridges. However, the formation of low ionic strength cross
      bridges caused the 215-A meridional reflection to decrease in intensity, as is
      also the case when rigor cross-bridges are formed. These observations show that
      the structure of the low ionic strength cross-bridge is significantly different
      from that of the rigor cross-bridge, and they raise the possibility that
      contractile force may be generated by a transition between these two actomyosin
      configurations.

PMID- 6585804
TI  - Occurrence of cell division is not exponentially distributed: differences in the
      generation times of sister cells can be derived from the theory of survival of
      populations.
AB  - The Eyring-Stover survival theory has been applied to the kinetics of the
      distribution of intermitotic intervals of mammalian cells and by inference to the
      transition from the G1 phase into DNA synthesis (S phase). The theory faithfully
      fits experimental data acquired by time-lapse cinemicrography of cloned HeLa
      cells in tissue culture and also suggests the existence of a labile initiator
      substance which mediates the G1-S phase transition. This theory provides an
      alternative to the transition probability model proposed by Smith and Martin
      [Smith J. A. & Martin, L. (1973) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 70, 1263-1267; see
      also Shields, R. & Smith, J. A. (1977) J. Cell Physiol. 91, 345-355 and Brooks,
      R. F., Bennett, D. C. & Smith, J. A. (1980) Cell 19, 493-504].

PMID- 6585805
TI  - Imbalance of total cellular nucleotide pools and mechanism of the colchicine
      induced cell activation.
AB  - Treatment with colchicine or vinblastine, both inhibitors of microtubule
      assembly, renders quiescent 3T3 cells in an "activated state" as evidenced by
      induction of DNA synthesis and other criteria. Microtubule disassembly caused by
      colchicine or vinblastine brings about a dramatic expansion of total cellular UTP
      pools with a concomitant diminution in total cellular ATP pools, thus resulting
      in a marked imbalance in total cellular nucleotide pools. Colchicine and
      vinblastine also stimulate total cellular RNA synthesis without enhancing uridine
      phosphorylation, suggesting that these drugs affect the G1 phase of the cell
      cycle at a point beyond the enhancement of uridine phosphorylation that usually
      accompanies mitogenic stimulation of quiescent mammalian cells. The markedly
      expanded cellular UTP pools appear to be necessary for initiation of the
      colchicine-stimulated DNA synthesis because decreasing cellular UTP pools by
      addition of D-glucosamine results in a selective inhibition of DNA synthesis in
      the colchicine-stimulated, but not control, cells. Furthermore, D-glucosamine
      exerts its inhibitory effect only when it is present in the cultures within the
      first 14 hr after colchicine treatment. When added at 21 hr, D-glucosamine still
      decreases cellular UTP pools, but it is no longer inhibitory for DNA synthesis,
      which commences 14-16 hr after colchicine stimulation. Taxol, an antitumor drug,
      prevents microtubule disassembly and also blocks such events as expansion of
      total cellular UTP pools and stimulation of RNA and DNA synthesis, indicating
      that microtubule depolymerization acts as a primary event initiating the process
      of cell activation induced by colchicine.

PMID- 6585806
TI  - Temporal expression of late histone messenger RNA in the sea urchin Lytechinus
      pictus.
AB  - Sea urchin histones are encoded by several multigene families. The temporal
      expression of one of these families, the late histones, has been studied during
      the early development of Lytechinus pictus. Using a nuclease S1 assay, we
      detected about 10,000 transcripts encoding both late H3 and H4 proteins in the
      unfertilized egg. This suggests that the late genes were active at some point
      during oogenesis. The number of late gene transcripts begins to increase 6.5 hr
      after fertilization (64-cell stage), indicating that these genes probably become
      reactivated 4.5-6.5 hr after fertilization. The maximum rate of accumulation of
      transcripts (4600 molecules per min per embryo) occurs 9-14 hr after
      fertilization (from blastula stage to hatching). The number of transcripts peaks
      21 hr after fertilization (onset of gastrulation) when the embryo has accumulated
      1.8 X 10(6) copies of each late mRNA (a 164-fold increase). A 5.5-fold increase
      in the relative rate of transcription, between 7 and 15 hr after fertilization,
      is partly responsible for the accumulation of these gene products. The relative
      synthesis of early histone message, which is encoded by a different family,
      decreases 18-fold during this time. Synthesis of the late transcripts continues
      at the higher rate after accumulation has ceased (24 hr after fertilization). The
      number of late transcripts begins to decrease 48 hr after fertilization, reaching
      about 10,000 copies at 72 hr.

PMID- 6585807
TI  - Birth of a unique enzyme from an alternative reading frame of the preexisted,
      internally repetitious coding sequence.
AB  - The mechanism of gene duplication as the means to acquire new genes with
      previously nonexistent functions is inherently self limiting in that the function
      possessed by a new protein, in reality, is but a mere variation of the preexisted
      theme. As the source of a truly unique protein, I suggest an unused open reading
      frame of the existing coding sequence. Only those coding sequences that started
      from oligomeric repeats are likely to retain alternative long open reading
      frames. Analysis of the published base sequence residing in the pOAD2 plasmid of
      Flavobacterium Sp. K172 indicated that the 392-amino acid-residue-long bacterial
      enzyme 6-aminohexanoic acid linear oligomer hydrolase involved in degradation of
      nylon oligomers is specified by an alternative open reading frame of the
      preexisted coding sequence that originally specified a 472-residue-long arginine
      rich protein.

PMID- 6585808
TI  - The 2p breakpoint of a 2;8 translocation in Burkitt lymphoma interrupts the V
      kappa locus.
AB  - The majority of chromosomal rearrangements observed in Burkitt lymphomas involve
      a translocation between 8q and 14q, while the remaining minority carry variant
      translocations between chromosome 8 and either 2 or 22. We have studied the JI
      Burkitt lymphoma cell line carrying the variant 2;8 chromosome translocation
      using a combination of high-resolution and molecular cytogenetic techniques. We
      have determined that the chromosome 2 breakpoint of the 2;8 translocation in
      these cells is in the distal portion of 2p11.2. In situ hybridization of a DNA
      probe for kappa light chain variable (V kappa) region demonstrated that this
      2p11.2 breakpoint is within the V kappa region. There was significant
      hybridization of the probe to both the 2p- and 8q+ chromosomes, with 23% of all
      grains considered to be specific for V kappa located over the middle one-third of
      the long arm of the 8q+ chromosome. Thus, there is translocation of the entire
      kappa constant (C kappa) region and a portion of the region carrying V kappa
      genes from 2p to a region 3' of the c-myc oncogene on the involved chromosome 8,
      resulting in transcriptional activation of the c-myc that is quite distant from
      the 5' end of the C kappa gene. These results provide direct evidence for
      translocation-related rearrangement of the kappa immunoglobulin gene cluster in
      this Burkitt lymphoma and for the assignment of the V kappa locus to 2p11.2.

PMID- 6585809
TI  - DNA polymorphic loci mapped to human chromosomes 3, 5, 9, 11, 17, 18, and 22.
AB  - Using the techniques of Southern filter hybridization and somatic cell genetics,
      seven genomic DNA fragments recognizing DNA polymorphic loci were mapped to
      specific chromosomes and regions of chromosomes. The seven probes, isolated from
      human genomic libraries, lacked repetitive sequences and were hybridized to DNA
      isolated from a set of human-rodent somatic cell hybrids segregating human
      chromosomes. These probes detected DNA sequences on human chromosomes 3, 5, 9,
      11, 17, 18, and 22. These DNA polymorphic sites, which occur in 10% or greater of
      the population, will serve as markers for linkage studies with known polymorphic
      loci as well as to establish linkage with disease loci.

PMID- 6585810
TI  - Primary structural evidence that the H-2Dq region encodes at least three distinct
      gene products: Dq, Lq, and Rq.
AB  - Class I gene products D, L, and R encoded by the D region of the H-2q haplotype
      were isolated by sequential immunoprecipitation from Nonidet P-40 extracts of
      B10.AKM murine spleen cells. Primary structural comparisons of these molecules
      were made by tryptic peptide map analyses and radiochemical amino acid sequence
      determinations. Partial NH2-terminal radiosequence analyses of the peptides
      generated by CNBr cleavage of these three molecules defined the Rq molecule as a
      gene product that is distinct from the Dq and Lq molecules. Comparative tryptic
      peptide map analyses of [3H]arginine-, [3H]lysine-, or [3H]mannose-labeled
      molecules were performed to determine if the Dq and Lq molecules could be
      distinguished. The two molecules were identical in their [3H]lysine-labeled
      peptides (17 in common) and [3H]mannose-labeled glycopeptides but could be
      differentiated by their [3H]arginine-labeled peptides (18 of 21 in common). These
      results suggest an amino acid sequence homology of 99% or greater between the Dq
      and Lq molecules. These data therefore provide structural evidence for three D
      region gene products and suggest that their antigenic differences are not due to
      post-translational glycosylation differences. Thus, the D region of the H-2q
      haplotype may provide an example of a relatively recent class I gene duplication,
      indicating that these genes are in a dynamic state of evolution through expansion
      or contraction of the gene pool.

PMID- 6585811
TI  - Increased free cholesterol in plasma low and very low density lipoproteins in non
      insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: its role in the inhibition of cholesteryl
      ester transfer.
AB  - Recombination of low and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL and LDL) from normal
      subjects with plasma from patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
      significantly increased the reduced rate of transfer of cholesteryl ester to
      these lipoproteins, which is characteristic of diabetic plasma, whereas diabetic
      VLDL and LDL reduced cholesteryl ester transfer rates in normal plasma. VLDL and
      LDL from diabetic plasma had an increased ratio of free cholesterol to
      phospholipid compared to normal, and unlike normal VLDL and LDL spontaneously
      lost free cholesterol to high density lipoprotein. These data suggest that the
      block to cholesteryl ester transfer to these lipoproteins in non-insulin
      dependent diabetes is mediated by their increased free cholesterol content and
      may be related to the increased risk of these patients for developing
      atherosclerosis.

PMID- 6585812
TI  - Detection of cerebral lactate in vivo during hypoxemia by 1H NMR at relatively
      low field strengths (1.9 T).
AB  - 1H NMR was used to monitor lactate production and clearance during hypoxemia and
      recovery in the rabbit brain at the relatively low magnetic-field strength of
      1.89 T. An array of conventional physiological variables were recorded
      simultaneously with spectrum acquisition, including the electroencephalogram and
      electrocardiogram. The sensitivity and spectral resolution achieved at this field
      strength should be applicable to studies of human brain pathophysiology in the
      large-bore magnets now available.

PMID- 6585813
TI  - Disparate differentiation in mouse hemopoietic colonies derived from paired
      progenitors.
AB  - We analyzed the differentiation of murine hemopoietic colonies derived from
      paired progenitors in culture. Single progenitors were isolated by use of a
      micromanipulation technique from blast cell colonies cultured from the spleens of
      5-fluorouracil-treated mice. Eighteen to 24 hr later, the paired progenitors were
      separated with a micromanipulator and cultured in methylcellulose medium
      containing erythropoietin and pokeweed-mitogen spleen cell conditioned medium.
      Six to nine days later, the two colonies derived from the paired progenitors were
      individually picked and differential counts were performed by using May-Grunwald
      Giemsa stain. The abbreviations used here are n, neutrophil; m, macrophage; e,
      eosinophil; mast, mast cell; M, megakaryocyte; E, erythrocyte. Of a total of 387
      pairs that could be evaluated, 68 were pairs of colonies consisting of dissimilar
      combinations of cell lineages such as m-nmmastEM, M-nmmastEM, nm-nmmastEM,
      nmmastM-nmmastEM, M-nmmastM, nmmast-nmmastM, nm-nmmastE, M-nmM, n-nmM, mM-nmM, m
      nmmast, nm-nme, me-nm, mM-nm, n-ne, m-mmast, m-mM, M-nm, M-mM, E-nm, m-nm, M-m,
      etc. Thirty-nine were homologous pairs revealing identical lineage combinations
      such as nmmastEM, nmmastM, nmmast, mmastEM, nmEM, nme, nmM, mM, and nm lineages.
      However, in members of some of these pairs, the proportions of the individual
      cell lineages were significantly different. The remainder were pairs of single
      lineage colonies. Paired progenitors obtained from the stem cell colonies of
      normal mice also revealed homologous and nonhomologous expression of the cell
      lineages. Comparison of lineage expression in colonies derived from single
      progenitors with the sum of lineages expressed in pairs of colonies derived from
      single progenitors indicated that the diversity was not due to injury inflicted
      by micromanipulation. These observations provide experimental data in support of
      stochastic mechanisms of stem cell differentiation.

PMID- 6585814
TI  - Chromosome 20 deletion in human multiple endocrine neoplasia types 2A and 2B: a
      double-blind study.
AB  - Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A and 2B (MEN-2A and MEN-2B) are autosomal
      dominantly inherited syndromes in which medullary thyroid cancers are associated
      with adrenal pheochromocytomas. A double-blind analysis of high-resolution G
      banded chromosomes was performed on blood specimens from patients in four MEN-2A
      families and five MEN-2B (mucosal neuroma phenotype) families and from control
      subjects. Excluding studies on duplicate blood specimens, 9 of 11 control
      subjects were scored as having normal chromosomes 20, and 11 of 14 MEN-2 patients
      were scored as having chromosomal deletion: del(20)(p12.2p12.2) (phi 2 = 9.00; P
      less than 0.001). Two new mutant MEN-2B patients had apparently normal
      chromosomes 20. These findings demonstrate that the dominant mutation in most MEN
      2A and MEN-2B families is a visible chromosome deletion within band 20p12.2.

PMID- 6585815
TI  - Cultures of shiverer mutant cerebellum injected with normal oligodendrocytes make
      both normal and shiverer myelin.
AB  - Earlier reports suggested that injecting normal optic nerve into organotypic
      cerebellar cultures from three of the central nervous system hypomyelinated
      mutant mice resulted in striking local increases in myelination of mutant axons.
      It has been questioned whether this myelin was produced by the introduced normal
      glia because there was no "marker" by which the genotype of an individual myelin
      sheath could be rigorously determined. The present study shows that the myelin
      sheaths of the central nervous system hypomyelinated mutant shiverer (shi/shi)
      can be distinguished in vitro from genetically normal myelin by their
      immunocytochemical reactions and ultrastructure. When shi/shi cultures are
      injected with normal optic nerve, they produce two kinds of myelin as
      distinguished by these techniques: shi/shi myelin throughout and, in addition,
      ultrastructurally and immunocytochemically normal myelin near the optic nerve.
      These results suggest that the primary defect of the shi/shi mutation involves
      the oligodendrocyte and support the earlier conclusion that in all of the glial
      injection experiments to date the genotype of the oligodendrocyte determines the
      phenotype of the myelin produced.

PMID- 6585816
TI  - Neurotrophic effects of hippocampal extracts on medial septal nucleus in vitro.
AB  - Within peripheral sympathetic and sensory systems, target tissue provides
      diffusible factors such as nerve growth factor that influence neuronal survival,
      growth, and differentiation. To determine whether target tissue may exert
      retrograde effects within the central nervous system, we have used hippocampus as
      a source of neurotrophic factors and cultured medial septal nucleus explants as a
      source of neurons that may respond to such factors. Soluble extracts from rat
      hippocampus enhance cholinergic activity (choline acetyltransferase, choline
      uptake, acetylcholine synthesis) of the rat medial septal nucleus cultured in
      serum-free defined medium. The enhancement is dose dependent, relatively specific
      for hippocampus, and varies with age, reaching a peak in 2- to 3-week-old rat
      hippocampus. The enhancing activity of the hippocampal extract appears to be
      mediated by protease-sensitive polypeptide(s) that differ from nerve growth
      factor in biological and chemical characteristics.

PMID- 6585817
TI  - Sequence of a complete chicken delta-crystallin cDNA.
AB  - A full-length chicken delta-crystallin cDNA (p delta Cr17) was cloned and
      subjected to sequence analysis. The cDNA was shown to be full-length by both
      primer extension and S1 and mung bean nuclease experiments. Thus, the complete
      amino acid sequence of delta-crystallin is now available. The delta-crystallin
      polypeptide has a molecular mass of 48,542 daltons, as expected from its behavior
      on NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels. delta-Crystallin has one tryptophan, no
      cysteines, a prevalence of leucines (15%), and a paucity of aromatic residues.
      High alpha-helical content throughout the protein was predicted from the amino
      acid sequence. Nucleic acid sequence analysis suggests that delta-crystallin gene
      1 encodes the mRNA that gave rise to the cDNA clone. These data provide a basis
      for the detailed analysis of the two delta-crystallin genes.

PMID- 6585818
TI  - Measurement of the repulsive force between polyelectrolyte molecules in ionic
      solution: hydration forces between parallel DNA double helices.
AB  - We have measured the repulsive force between B-form double helices in parallel
      packed arrays of polymer-condensed DNA in the presence of 0.005-1.0 M ionic
      solutions. Molecular repulsion is consistently exponential with a 2.5-3.5 A decay
      distance, when the separation between DNA surfaces is 5-15 A. Only weakly
      dependent on ionic strength and independent of molecular size, this
      intermolecular repulsion does not obey the predictions of electrostatic double
      layer theory. Rather, it strongly resembles the "hydration force" first
      recognized and quantified between phospholipid bilayers. Only beyond 15 A
      separation between molecules is there evidence of electrostatic double-layer
      forces. The quantitative failure of electrostatic double-layer theory seen here
      must gravely affect accepted analyses of other polyelectrolyte systems. Because
      the packing of condensed DNA resembles the spacings of DNA in many
      bacteriophages, our results permit estimation of the "DNA pressure" in phage
      heads.

PMID- 6585819
TI  - Cardiac alpha- and beta-myosin heavy chain genes are organized in tandem.
AB  - Two ventricular myosin heavy chains (MHCs), alpha and beta, which exhibit
      different levels of ATPase activity, are differentially expressed during
      development, in response to thyroid hormone and in several pathological
      conditions. We have isolated and analyzed the structure of the genes coding for
      alpha- and beta-MHC mRNAs in the rat. Detailed analysis of eight overlapping MHC
      genomic clones shows that the alpha- and beta-MHC genes are organized in tandem
      and span 50 kilobases of the chromosome. The beta-MHC gene, predominantly
      expressed in late fetal life, is located 4 kilobases upstream from the alpha-MHC
      gene, predominantly expressed in the adult. These two genes are very closely
      related at the nucleotide sequence level, suggesting that they have arisen by
      duplication of a common ancestor, yet their expression in the ventricular
      myocardium has been shown to be regulated in an antithetic fashion by thyroid
      hormone.

PMID- 6585820
TI  - Molecular weight and structural nonequivalence of the mature alpha subunits of
      Torpedo californica acetylcholine receptor.
AB  - A discrepancy of about 20% exists between the molecular weight of the alpha
      subunit of Torpedo californica electroplax acetylcholine receptor as determined
      by gel electrophoresis of the mature protein (Mr 40,000 +/- 2000) and by
      nucleotide sequence analysis of cDNA (Mr approximately equal to 50,000). We
      demonstrate by amino acid sequence analysis that post-translational processing
      does not occur and that the mature subunit has a Mr of approximately equal to
      50,000. The functional acetylcholine receptor contains two copies of this alpha
      subunit in addition to one each of related beta, gamma, and delta subunits. The
      binding sites for cholinergic ligands that are located on the alpha subunits have
      been shown to be nonequivalent. Amino acid sequence analysis of peptides obtained
      by proteolytic cleavage of the alpha subunit reveals that N-asparagine
      glycosylation at a single site (residue 141) occurs to a different extent in the
      two copies of this polypeptide in the mature protein and provides an explanation
      for nonequivalence of their binding sites.

PMID- 6585821
TI  - Aging of proteins: isolation and identification of a fluorescent chromophore from
      the reaction of polypeptides with glucose.
AB  - Proteins exposed to glucose over long periods are known to undergo
      physicochemical changes including crosslinking and formation of brown fluorescent
      pigments of poorly characterized structure. Acid hydrolysis of both browned
      poly(L-lysine) and browned bovine serum albumin is found to release a major
      fluorescent chromophore, which after alkalinization is extractable into organic
      solvents and which can be purified by silica gel chromatography. The fluorescence
      properties of this compound very closely resemble those of the bulk browned
      polypeptides. By NMR, mass spectroscopy, and chemical derivatization, this
      compound is assigned the structure 2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H-imidazole
      (FFI). Confirmation was obtained by independent chemical synthesis from
      furylglyoxal and ammonia. The incorporation of two peptide-derived amine
      nitrogens and two glucose residues in FFI strongly suggests that peptide-bound
      FFI precursors are implicated in the crosslinking of proteins by glucose in vivo.
      This reaction has potential implications in the understanding of glucose-mediated
      protein modifications and their role in the complications of diabetes and aging.

PMID- 6585822
TI  - Methyl transfer from methylcobalamin to diaquocobinamide.
AB  - The transfer of the methyl group from methylcobalamin to diaquocobinamide in
      aqueous solution has been demonstrated by proton, carbon-13, and phosphorus-31
      nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The products of this reaction are
      aquocobalamin and the methylaquocobinamides. Dicyanocobinamide and the
      cyanoaquocobinamides do not serve as methyl acceptors, while ligands such as
      pyridine and histidine reduce the rate of the transfer reactions. The methyl
      transfer is not affected by oxidizing agents such as O2, N2O, and H2O2,
      suggesting that the reaction does not involve free Co(I) or Co(II) corrinoids.
      The pH dependence of the rate of the transfer reaction from methylcobalamin to
      diaquocobinamide demonstrates that methylcobalamin in the "base-on" form and
      diaquocobinamide are the most effective methyl donor and acceptor, respectively.
      The most plausible mechanism for the transfer reaction involves the one-electron
      oxidation of methylcobalamin by diaquocobinamide to a methylcobalamin radical
      cation and cob(II)inamide. The very unstable methylcobalamin radical cation
      releases a methyl radical, which reacts with cob(II)inamide to generate the
      methylaquocobinamides.

PMID- 6585823
TI  - Transcription of human histone genes in extracts from synchronized HeLa cells.
AB  - Nuclear extracts were prepared from synchronized HeLa cells at various times
      during the cell cycle and assayed for the ability to transcribe several cellular
      and viral genes. The efficiency of transcription of a human histone H4 gene is 3-
      to 10-fold greater in nuclear extracts from S phase nuclei than in extracts from
      non-S phase cells. In contrast, the adenovirus virus type 2 (Ad2) major late
      promoter is utilized 3- to 20-fold more efficiently in nuclear extracts from non
      S phase cells. Transcription of other genes, including a human histone H3 and the
      simian virus 40 late transcription unit, is equally efficient in S and non-S
      phase extracts. Mixing experiments demonstrate that the rate-limiting activities
      for histone H4 and Ad2 major late transcription function independently and that
      the effects of these activities are additive. Competition studies suggest that
      the H4-specific transcription activity can be sequestered by preincubation with
      the H4 template DNA. These data support the concept that cell cycle regulation of
      human histone gene transcription may depend in part on soluble transcription
      activities that are modulated during the cell cycle. Further, in addition to the
      H4-specific transcription activity, there may exist other transcription factors
      whose activity can fluctuate according to the cell cycle or according to the
      growth state of the cells.

PMID- 6585824
TI  - Complete amino acid sequence for human aldolase B derived from cDNA and genomic
      clones.
AB  - Several aldolase B clones from a human liver cDNA library have been identified by
      using a rabbit aldolase A cDNA as a hybridization probe. The most complete of
      these, pHL413, is 1389 base pairs long and covers approximately equal to 80% of
      the length of the mRNA, including 90% of the translated region. The cDNA, pHL413,
      was used to identify a genomic clone, lambda HG313, which encoded the remaining
      amino acids of human aldolase B. We demonstrate that the amino acid and
      nucleotide sequences of aldolase are strongly conserved even between different
      isozymes. Furthermore, in the 3'-untranslated regions of the mRNAs for the B
      isozyme of human and rat there is an extensive stretch of homology. Aldolase B
      lacks a cysteine at positions 72 and 338 and lacks a histidine at position 361.
      These residues, which are present in rabbit aldolase A, have previously been
      proposed to take part in catalysis. Our findings suggest that this may not be the
      case.

PMID- 6585825
TI  - Sequence of a cDNA clone encoding mouse glial fibrillary acidic protein:
      structural conservation of intermediate filaments.
AB  - A clone encoding mouse glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was isolated from a
      cDNA library constructed so as to express the cloned sequences. The library was
      screened using a GFAP-specific polyclonal antiserum; a single bacterial colony
      expressing GFAP was identified. The complete sequence of the cDNA insert in this
      clone is presented, encompassing 2.5 kilobases and specifying greater than 97% of
      the GFAP amino acid sequence. The clone includes a long (1.4-kilobase) 3'
      untranslated region. Within the coding region, the data show extensive homology
      with other intermediate filament proteins, particularly in those regions
      predicted to be alpha-helical. RNA blot transfer experiments using the cloned
      GFAP cDNA probe revealed a single GFAP mRNA species of 2.7 kilobases in mouse
      brain. Southern blot analysis indicates the existence of at most two genes
      encoding GFAP in the mouse genome. The mouse GFAP probe cross-hybridizes weakly
      at high stringency with genomic DNA from diverse eukaryotic species.

PMID- 6585826
TI  - Human transferrin: cDNA characterization and chromosomal localization.
AB  - Transferrin (Tf) is the major iron binding protein in vertebrate serum. It shares
      homologous amino acid sequences with four other proteins: lactotransferrin,
      ovotransferrin, melanoma antigen p97, and HuBlym-1. Antigen p97 and the Tf
      receptor genes have been mapped on human chromosome 3. The goal of the study
      described here was to initiate the characterization of the Tf gene by identifying
      and characterizing its cDNA and mapping its chromosomal location. Recombinant
      plasmids containing human cDNA encoding Tf have been isolated by screening an
      adult human liver library with a mixed oligonucleotide probe. Within the 2.3
      kilobase pairs of Tf cDNA analyzed, there is a probable leader sequence encoded
      by 57 nucleotides followed by 2037 nucleotides that encode the homologous amino
      and carboxyl domains. During evolution, three areas of the homologous amino and
      carboxyl domains have been strongly conserved, possibly reflecting functional
      constraints associated with iron binding. Chromosomal mapping by in situ
      hybridization and somatic cell hybrid analysis indicate that the Tf gene is
      located at q21-25 on human chromosome 3, consistent with linkage of the Tf, Tf
      receptor, and melanoma p97 loci.

PMID- 6585827
TI  - Defining erythrocyte internal labeling by phosphorylation.
AB  - When erythrocytes are incubated with 32Pi, incorporation of label into
      phosphoproteins is a gradual process, increasing for at least 2 hours. Membrane
      phospholipids also are labeled. Exogenous protein kinase substrates are unlabeled
      in these incubations. This suggests that labeling by 32Pi occurs into
      polypeptides inside the erythrocytes. When erythrocytes are incubated with [gamma
      32P]ATP and active protein kinase, membrane polypeptides are not labeled. Only
      exogenously added protein kinase substrates and the regulatory subunit of protein
      kinase (and its contaminants) are labeled. This suggests that labeling from
      [gamma-32P]ATP and active protein kinase occurs in the compartment outside the
      erythrocytes. Apyrase (EC 3.6.1.5) eliminates such labeling, demonstrating that
      it was occurring in the compartment external to the erythrocytes. However, in
      incubations of cells with 32Pi, apyrase has no effect on the incorporation into
      membrane polypeptides and phospholipids, demonstrating that this labeling occurs
      on the inside of the membrane. Thus, additions of apyrase to intact particles
      incubated with protein kinase substrates and 32Pi provides a method for
      identifying internally exposed polypeptides in the plasma membranes of a variety
      of systems.

PMID- 6585828
TI  - Molecular cloning of region-specific chorion-encoding RNA sequences.
AB  - We have constructed a cDNA clone library from poly(A)+ RNA of very-late-period
      choriogenic silkmoth follicles. Clone DNAs that hybridize preferentially to RNA
      from the aeropyle crown region of the follicle (versus the flat region) were
      selected, and all could be placed in one of two homology groups. The two groups
      represent sequences encoding the very-late-period chorion proteins E1 and E2;
      this was established by hybrid-selected translation coupled with specific
      antibody precipitation. Regionalized synthesis of chorion proteins is restricted
      to the very late period, and its control can now be studied at the nucleic acid
      level.

PMID- 6585829
TI  - Methylation of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase locus on the human X
      chromosome: implications for X-chromosome inactivation.
AB  - To explore the role of DNA methylation in maintaining dosage compensation of X
      chromosome-linked genes and in regulating the transcriptional activity of
      "housekeeping" genes, we characterized DNA methylation of active, inactive, and
      derepressed alleles at the locus for hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase
      (HPRT) on the human X chromosome. The methylation of Hpa II and Hha I sites in
      HPRT alleles on the active X chromosome was the same in all tissues. The
      consensus pattern includes hypomethylation of 5' clustered sites and extensive
      methylation of the 3' sequence. The striking feature of methylation of inactive X
      chromosome alleles is nonuniformity and less extensive hypomethylation of the 5'
      cluster. Analysis of HPRT alleles reactivated in response to 5-azacytidine showed
      at least partial restoration of the consensus pattern. These observations
      indicate that methylation of housekeeping genes on the X chromosome is the same
      as that of autosomal ones and that the overall pattern and methylation of
      multiple sites within a cluster may cooperate to facilitate transcription.
      Furthermore, the fidelity of methylation of the active allele and the extensive
      drift in methylation of the inactive allele suggest that mechanisms involved in X
      chromosome dosage compensation may be directed at the active rather than inactive
      X chromosome.

PMID- 6585831
TI  - beta-Thalassemia in Chinese: use of in vivo RNA analysis and oligonucleotide
      hybridization in systematic characterization of molecular defects.
AB  - To perform a systematic analysis of beta-thalassemia genes among Chinese, we have
      determined the DNA haplotype in the beta-globin gene region of 37 Chinese beta
      thalassemia chromosomes. Only four haplotypes were found. Blot hybridization
      analysis of erythroid RNA from patients homozygous for haplotypes 1, 2, and 3
      demonstrated different patterns, suggesting that a different mutation was
      associated with each haplotype. The mutation associated with haplotype 1 was a C-
      --T substitution at IVS-2, position 654. This mutation produces a new donor
      splice site and leads to formation of a beta-globin RNA with an insertion of 73
      nucleotides. The mutation associated with haplotype 2 was a nucleotide insertion
      of A between codons 71 and 72, which results in a frameshift and premature
      termination of beta-globin synthesis. Haplotype analysis suggests that these two
      mutations may account for up to 85% of beta-thalassemia genes in this ethnic
      group. The haplotype 3 gene contained a transcriptional "TATA" box mutation that
      has been previously reported. Oligonucleotide hybridization demonstrated that the
      mutation associated with haplotype 4 was the same IVS-1 position 5 substitution
      commonly observed among beta-thalassemia genes in Asian Indians. Since haplotype
      4 of Chinese differs at polymorphic sites on either side of the IVS-1 position 5
      mutation from the haplotype associated with this mutation in Indians, the
      mutation presumably arose independently in these two populations.

PMID- 6585830
TI  - Orientation of loci within the human major histocompatibility complex by
      chromosomal in situ hybridization.
AB  - We have determined the localization and orientation of two genetic probes within
      the human major histocompatibility complex by chromosomal in situ hybridization.
      Our data indicate that a cloned genomic probe cross-hybridizing to HLA-A, -B, and
      -C heavy chain loci is homologous to sequences located on chromosome 6 at band
      p21.3 while a subclone of the genomic HLA-DR alpha-chain gene corresponding to
      the nonpolymorphic p34 protein is homologous to sequences in band 6p21.1. Our
      data suggest that this technique may permit the estimation of map distances
      between linked gene loci, assuming a uniform frequency of map units in the human
      genome. The relative positions of these genes was confirmed in a mother and son
      carrying a chromosome rearrangement involving 6p and 14p in which the sequences
      hybridizing to a DR alpha-chain genomic clone were found at the distal end of the
      6p--chromosome [der(6)] while the sequences hybridizing to the HLA-A, -B, -C
      alpha-chain probe were found in the 14p+ chromosome [der(14)].

PMID- 6585833
TI  - Nondisulfide polymerization of gamma- and beta-crystallins in the human lens.
AB  - The water-soluble 43,000-dalton fraction (WS43) of the human lens has been shown
      to be heterogeneous. It appears to contain, in addition to actin, components
      related to the crystallins. Immunoblot reactions indicate that this polypeptide
      fraction is composed of dimers containing beta- and gamma-crystallin components.
      It has been estimated that 10-30% of this fraction arises by dimerization of
      gamma-crystallin. A possible route for the formation of the 43,000-dalton
      fraction is suggested by the observation that photolysis of gamma-crystallin with
      light greater than 295 nm leads to polymer formation, including the 43,000-dalton
      fraction. The polymerization products react with anti-WS43. The results suggest
      that photochemical reactions may lead to the accumulation of polymers of some of
      the crystallins with aging of the human lens. Similar covalently linked
      polypeptides have previously been shown to be present in the high molecular
      weight aggregates associated with cataract formation.

PMID- 6585832
TI  - Contrasting biological activities of thymopoietin and splenin, two closely
      related polypeptide products of thymus and spleen.
AB  - Thymopoietin, a 49 amino acid polypeptide hormone of the thymus discovered by its
      effect on neuromuscular transmission, was later shown to induce T-cell
      differentiation and to affect immunoregulatory balance. A radioimmunoassay for
      thymopoietin revealed a crossreaction with a product found in spleen and lymph
      node but not other tissues. This product, named splenin, differs from
      thymopoietin only in position 34, aspartic acid for bovine thymopoietin and
      glutamic acid for bovine splenin. Synthetic pentapeptides corresponding to
      residues 32-36, called thymopentin and splenopentin, reproduce biological
      activities of thymopoietin and splenin, respectively. Thus thymopoietin and
      thymopentin affect neuromuscular transmission and induce the phenotypic
      differentiation of T precursor cells in vitro while inhibiting phenotypic
      differentiation of B cells. Splenin and splenopentin, in contrast, do not affect
      neuromuscular transmission, and they induce both T- and B-cell precursors.

PMID- 6585834
TI  - Mechanism of the inhibition of the gamma-carboxylation of glutamic acid by N
      methylthiotetrazole-containing antibiotics.
AB  - Antibiotics that contain a 1-N-methyl-5-thiotetrazole (MTT) side group have been
      associated with hypoprothrombinemia. In a detergent-treated rat liver microsomal
      system, MTT inhibited the carboxylation of the gamma carbon of glutamic acid, a
      necessary reaction in the synthesis of four of the clotting factors. In the
      present work, the inhibition by MTT was found to be slow in onset, with a lag
      time of 15 min before significant inhibition occurred. A preincubation of MTT
      with the microsomes decreased the lag time and increased the extent of
      inhibition. Glutathione at 1 mM was found to markedly decrease the ability of MTT
      to inhibit this reaction. The disulfide dimer of MTT was a more potent inhibitor
      of the system than was MTT, with inhibition detected as low as 1 microM dimer.
      Disulfiram also inhibited the carboxylation system. These results indicate that
      the sulfhydryl group of MTT is important for the inhibitory effect of MTT and
      suggest that a slowly formed metabolite of MTT may be directly responsible for
      the observed inhibition. The inhibitory mechanism of MTT may be analogous to that
      of disulfiram, which would explain some pharmacologic effects in common with
      disulfiram. In addition, the in vitro observations presented here and a closer
      examination of the clinical evidence raise the possibility that MTT-containing
      antibiotic-induced hypoprothrombinemia may not be a vitamin K reversible
      phenomenon.

PMID- 6585835
TI  - Predicted secondary structure similarity in the absence of primary amino acid
      sequence homology: hepatitis B virus open reading frames.
AB  - Proteins that are related evolutionarily may have diverged at the level of
      primary amino acid sequence while maintaining similar secondary structures.
      Computer analysis has been used to compare the open reading frames of the
      hepatitis B virus to those of the woodchuck hepatitis virus at the level of amino
      acid sequence, and to predict the relative hydrophilic character and the
      secondary structure of putative polypeptides. Similarity is seen at the levels of
      relative hydrophilicity and secondary structure, in the absence of sequence
      homology. These data reinforce the proposal that these open reading frames encode
      viral proteins. Computer analysis of this type can be more generally used to
      establish structural similarities between proteins that do not share obvious
      sequence homology as well as to assess whether an open reading frame is
      fortuitous or codes for a protein.

PMID- 6585836
TI  - Cerebellum mediates modality-specific modulation of sensory responses of midbrain
      and forebrain in rat.
AB  - Evidence of a sensory role of the cerebellum, mediating a modulation of
      effectiveness of afferent input at other parts of the brain, has been reported
      previously for certain sense modalities but has not been evaluated across several
      in a mammal. After a conditioning train of stimuli applied to the cerebellar
      surface in unanesthetized rats, diffuse flashes, acoustic clicks, and shocks to
      the sciatic nerve evoked multiunit and field potential responses that were
      recorded at three levels: midbrain, thalamus, and cerebral cortex. At a best
      interval between end of conditioning train (cerebellar) and test (sensory)
      stimuli, all three levels show modulation of the evoked responses, each in a
      specific direction (enhancement or depression), with a characteristic time
      course. Visual responses in the tectum are enhanced; those in the cortex are
      depressed. Tectal responses that have been nearly abolished by increasing
      background illumination are partially restored by the conditioning cerebellar
      train. Auditory brainstem responses (short latency, less than 10 ms, far-field
      waves I to III, attributed to medullary levels) are depressed; wave IV from the
      inferior colliculus is relatively enhanced at short intervals and is depressed at
      longer intervals. Somatosensory responses in thalamus and cortex are depressed.
      Lobulae V, VI, and VII of the vermis are more effective sites of stimulation than
      other areas tested. Most of the modulations are ascribed to central sites; a few
      are ascribed to peripheral sites.

PMID- 6585837
TI  - Biological system interactions.
AB  - Mathematical modeling of cellular population growth, interconnected subsystems of
      the body, blood flow, and numerous other complex biological systems problems
      involves nonlinearities and generally randomness as well. Such problems have been
      dealt with by mathematical methods often changing the actual model to make it
      tractable. The method presented in this paper (and referenced works) allows much
      more physically realistic solutions.

PMID- 6585838
TI  - Enhanced oxygen unloading by an interdimerically crosslinked hemoglobin in an
      isolated perfused rabbit heart.
AB  - Coronary perfusion has shown that an intramolecularly crosslinked hemoglobin (Hb)
      with a very low affinity for O2 (Hb crosslinked covalently between the beta
      chains with 2-nor-2-formylpyridoxal 5'-phosphate, HbXL) has several advantages
      over ordinary Hb. As predicted from in vitro oxygenation curves, much more O2 was
      unloaded to the heart at three different heart rates, at two perfusion rates, and
      when the perfusate was equilibrated with 25% as well as 95% O2. In all cases, the
      improved O2 unloading occurred at higher tissue O2 pressures than with normal Hb.
      The greater O2 consumption with HbXL was accompanied by better mechanical
      performance because, after 90 min of perfusion, the HbXL-perfused hearts
      maintained two-thirds of their original contractility (dp/dt), while that of the
      Hb-perfused hearts had declined to one-fifth. A special advantage of HbXL is its
      ability to unload significant amounts of O2 even at low temperature (10 degrees
      C), in contrast to whole blood. This should make it useful for supporting aerobic
      metabolism during low-temperature cardioplegia in cardiac surgery and for organ
      preservation.

PMID- 6585839
TI  - Differential effects of ibuprofen and naproxen sodium on menstrual prostaglandin
      release and on prostaglandin production in the rat uterine homogenate.
AB  - In two independent studies, ibuprofen and naproxen sodium were found to be equi
      effective in alleviating dysmenorrheic symptoms. However, the effects of these
      drugs on menstrual PG release were found to be dissimilar. Ibuprofen primarily
      inhibited menstrual PGF2 alpha release with little effect on PGE2 release,
      whereas, naproxen sodium inhibited both PGF2 alpha and PGE2 release equally. To
      verify these results, we determined the inhibitory potency, IC50, of ibuprofen
      and naproxen sodium on PGF2 alpha and PGE2 synthesis in the rat uterine
      homogenate system. The preferential PGF2 alpha inhibitory activity of ibuprofen
      was confirmed. These findings suggest that ibuprofen may, in addition to
      inhibiting fatty acid cyclooxygenase, also inhibit PGF2 alpha reductase, or some
      other PG metabolic pathways which affect PGF2 alpha and PGE2 synthesis
      differently. The significance of this differential PG synthesis inhibitory effect
      in dysmenorrheic therapy is discussed.

PMID- 6585840
TI  - Salicylate does not interfere with aspirin in human blood in vivo.

PMID- 6585841
TI  - The concentrations of urinary prostaglandins E and plasma prostaglandins F2 alpha
      and E during induction of ovulation with human gonadotropins.
AB  - Plasma prostaglandins F2 alpha and E (PGF2 alpha, PGE) and urinary PGE were
      measured in 10 women treated with human gonadotropins (HMG) and subsequently with
      human chorionic gonadotropins (HCG). Five women became pregnant (6 pregnancies).
      There was no correlation between concentrations of plasma PGF2 alpha or PGE and
      plasma estradiol or progesterone. Urinary PGE concentrations showed a positive
      correlation with estradiol before HCG and a negative correlation with
      progesterone after HCG, only in women who subsequently became pregnant. Higher
      urinary PGE concentrations before HCG suggest that either HMG or rising estradiol
      levels stimulate PGE renal production. The significant negative correlation
      between urinary PGE and progesterone concentrations, after HCG, in those patients
      who became pregnant suggests that ovarian production of progesterone may decrease
      renal production of PGE.

PMID- 6585842
TI  - Thromboxane formation during blood clotting is decreased by verapamil.

PMID- 6585843
TI  - The diuretic effects of CL 115,129 (d,1-15-deoxy-16-hydroxy-16(alpha/beta)-vinyl
      prostaglandin E2) and l-prostaglandin E2 in dogs.
AB  - CL 115,129, the corresponding carboxylic acid and major metabolite of CL 115,347
      (d,1-15-deoxy-16-hydroxy-16(alpha/beta)-vinyl-prostaglandin E2 methyl ester), a
      potent orally and transdermally long acting antihypertensive agent, infused at
      0.1 microgram/kg/min into the left renal artery of sodium pentobarbital
      anesthetized beagle dogs increased urinary volume, sodium (Na+), potassium (K+)
      and chloride (Cl-) excretion of the left kidney 289, 201, 101 and 229%,
      respectively, over the 30 min vehicle-treated control periods. At 0.3
      microgram/kg/min CL 115,129 caused a 475 and 336% increase in urinary volume and
      Na+, respectively. l-Prostaglandin E2 (l-PGE2) infused at 0.1 microgram/kg/min
      into the left renal artery increased urinary volume, Na+, K+ and Cl- excretion of
      the left kidney of anesthetized beagle dogs 416, 234, 112 and 255%, respectively,
      over the control. Both CL 115,129 and l-PGE2 did not affect the systemic arterial
      blood pressure or the electrolyte excretion of the contralateral kidney. It is
      concluded that in contrast to other conventional vasodilators, which may cause
      severe water and electrolyte retention, CL 115,347, via its metabolite CL
      115,129, may cause diuresis and natriuresis in many clinical settings when used
      as an antihypertensive.

PMID- 6585845
TI  - Plasma levels of 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-prostaglandin E2 in patients with
      bronchogenic carcinoma.
AB  - Plasma levels of the circulating metabolite of prostaglandin (PG) E2, 15-keto
      13,14-dihydro-PGE2 (KH2PGE2), were determined radioimmunologically after
      conversion to the stable degradation product 11-deoxy-15-keto-13,14-dihydro-11,16
      cyclo-PGE2 (DKH2-cyclo-PGE2). In healthy volunteers a plasma level of 25 +/- 2
      pg/ml (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 24) was found. The plasma level of KH2PGE2 was
      significantly decreased after administration of acetylsalicylic acid (4 x 1 g/24
      hours). A significant elevation of the plasma levels of the circulating
      metabolite of PGE2 was observed in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma as
      compared to healthy controls, while no elevation was found in patients with
      chronic myeloid leukemia, lymphatic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The
      increased plasma levels of KH2PGE2 in the patients with bronchogenic carcinoma
      were independent of the clinical condition, histological type of tumor, tumor
      spread and therapeutic regimen. The results indicate that the elevated plasma
      level of the circulating PGE2 metabolite in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma
      is not an expression of malignant disease in general. On the other hand, the
      results do not suggest that the increase in the plasma level of KH2 PGE2 is a
      biochemical tumor marker closely related to a particular clinical feature of
      patients with bronchogenic carcinoma.

PMID- 6585844
TI  - The tumor promoters TPA, phenobarbital, and nafenopin and the prostaglandins of
      A, E, and F series overcome the G1/S block imposed by extracellular calcium
      deprivation on neonatal rat hepatocytes.
AB  - A single exposure to a low concentration (10(-9) mole/l) of exogenous arachidonic
      acid or of prostaglandins of A, E, and F series significantly stimulated primary
      neonatal rat hepatocytes to enter S phase irrespective of whether the
      extracellular calcium concentration was high (i.e., 1.8 mmole/l) or markedly
      reduced (i.e., 0.01 mmole/l). Similarly, a single treatment with an even smaller
      (10(-10) mole/l) dose of the known tumor promoters 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13
      acetate (TPA), phenobarbital, and nafenopin enhanced hepatocytic DNA synthesis
      when the environmental calcium level was both high and low. By contrast, a single
      application of a small concentration (10(-11)-10(-10) mole/l) of hormones such as
      epidermal growth factor (EGF), glucagon, and insulin, and of drugs such as
      imidazole and indomethacin only increased the hepatocytic flow into DNA synthesis
      when the extracellular calcium was high. These findings reveal that the
      mechanisms of physiological or pharmacological, calcium-dependent stimulation of
      hepatocellular growth are likely to be different from those of pathological,
      calcium-independent stimulation, as the latter, but not the former, would involve
      prostaglandin-mediated metabolic processes.

PMID- 6585846
TI  - The reduction of potential TXB2 levels when serum is preincubated at room
      temperature.

PMID- 6585847
TI  - The intrainfusion platelet rebound during and following PGE1-infusion is faster
      and more intensive than that with PGI2.
AB  - During continuous long-term prostacyclin infusion an intra- and post-infusion
      rebound of platelets has been reported. During the present study 8 patients
      suffering from peripheral vascular disease in stage IIb according to Fontaine
      have been infused intravenously at a constant rate of 5 ng/kg/minute for seven
      days. Throughout this time the platelet function parameters were followed daily
      in the morning. An intrainfusion platelet rebound occurs using PGE1 as well. In
      comparison to the data for PGI2 published earlier it is noteworthy that the
      rebound for PGE1 occurs faster and more intensive. We conclude that for both the
      antiaggregatory prostaglandins PGE1 and PGI2, an intermittent treatment scheme
      seems to be optimal at the moment.

PMID- 6585848
TI  - Protection of myocardial function during endotoxin shock by ibuprofen.
AB  - We have concluded that Ibuprofen, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor with high
      specificity for the preferential blockage of thromboxane synthetase,
      significantly improves arterial blood pressure, cardiac index, and arterial pH
      during endotoxin shock in dogs (J. Clin. Invest. 70:536, 1982). This study was
      undertaken to determine whether Ibuprofen (25 mg/kg i.v.) administered 20 min
      prior to endotoxin (2 mg/kg i.v.) is able to overcome the depressed ability of
      cardiac microsomes to actively sequester calcium after 2 hrs of endotoxin shock.
      Results indicate that microsomes isolated from hearts of animals pretreated with
      Ibuprofen and then given endotoxin are able to sequester calcium at rates similar
      to microsomes isolated from control hearts. Microsomes isolated from hearts of
      animals in endotoxin shock without Ibuprofen show the anticipated depression of
      calcium sequestering ability. The improved ability of microsomes from the hearts
      of animals pretreated with Ibuprofen to sequester calcium is the result of normal
      Ca+2-Mg+2 ATPase activity in the microsomal membrane. We conclude that Ibuprofen
      protects against the detrimental hemodynamic derangements of endotoxin induced
      shock in the dog, and thereby also improves cardiac subcellular calcium
      transport; the factor regulating contractility. Ibuprofen may warrant evaluation
      as a protective agent to be used prophylactically in high risk cases of
      endotoxemia.

PMID- 6585849
TI  - Serum prostaglandin precursors after vaginal examination and amniotomy.
AB  - The effect of vaginal or cervical examination during pregnancy upon the levels of
      circulating prostaglandin precursors and other free fatty acids was investigated.
      Of 31 mothers coming to elective induction of labor, a plain vaginal examination
      was performed in 9 cases, the cervix was penetrated by a finger and the membranes
      were slightly swept off the uterine wall in 10 cases and an amniotomy was
      performed in 12 cases. The blood samples were collected before and 5 minutes
      after the procedure. No changes were observed in prostaglandin precursors or in
      other free fatty acid levels. Also the precursors/other fatty acids ratio was
      unchanged. The demonstrated changes in circulating prostaglandin levels after
      these procedures are not reflected in the circulating precursor levels.

PMID- 6585850
TI  - Composition of free fatty acids at the end of pregnancy and inducibility of
      labor.
AB  - The concentrations of free fatty acids which included prostaglandin precursors
      were investigated in a group of 54 healthy women coming to elective induction of
      labor. There were no differences between the concentrations of the fatty acids
      when the mothers were divided in two groups according to whether induction was
      successful or not. There were slightly more mothers with successful induction,
      who had the total prostaglandin precursor level above average than among mothers
      with unsuccessful induction (p less than 0.05). The rates of false positives or
      false negatives were so high, however, that this determination can not be
      clinically used in predicting the outcome of labor induction.

PMID- 6585851
TI  - Questionnaire responses from self-identified binge eaters and purgers.

PMID- 6585852
TI  - Sleep-related myoclonus in rheumatic pain modulation disorder (fibrositis
      syndrome) and in excessive daytime somnolence.
AB  - We describe a new syndrome, Rheumatic Pain Modulation Disorder (RPMD)
      ("fibrositis syndrome") with sleep-related myoclonus (involuntary periodic leg
      movements). Measures of sleepiness, fatigue and pain, before and after sleep, and
      aspects of sleep of nine subjects (Ss) with RPMD and sleep-related myoclonus were
      compared to nine subjects with excessive daytime somnolence and sleep-related
      myoclonus. In eight of the RPMD with sleep-related myoclonus and three of those
      with daytime sleepiness, an alpha (7.5-11 Hz) EEG Non-Rapid Eye Movement sleep
      disorder was demonstrated. The RPMD with sleep-related myoclonus group contained
      a greater number of women, more pain, morning fatigue, and disturbances in sleep
      (more stage changes and alpha EEG sleep prior to leg myoclonus); but in
      comparison to the sleep-related myoclonus, daytime somnolent group, there were no
      differences in evening and morning sleepiness, number of limb movements, movement
      arousals, awakenings after sleep onset, sleep duration, and percent sleep stages.

PMID- 6585854
TI  - An anatomic wedge for posterior tooth restoration.

PMID- 6585853
TI  - Monosaccharide transport by the small intestine of lean and genetically obese
      (ob/ob) mice.
AB  - The effect of the obese (ob/ob) genotype on monosaccharide transport in mouse
      small intestine has been examined, using several different methodologies, at
      various stages in the development of the syndrome. Evidence for an elevation of
      the total capacity of the small intestine for monosaccharide transport was found
      at 10, 20 and 40 weeks of age in obese mice by comparison with lean controls, the
      difference being most prominent at 20 weeks of age after the hyperphagic phase of
      the syndrome had ceased. No substantial alteration in transport, expressed per
      gram dry weight of intestine, either from luminal perfusion studies or from
      measurements of the kinetics of influx across the brush border was found in adult
      obese mice compared with lean controls. It is concluded that, in obese mice, the
      increased capacity of the intestine for monosaccharide transport compared with
      lean mice was due to increases in the total intestinal dry weight, and in the
      intestinal dry weight per centimetre, and not to changes in carrier activity per
      unit dry weight of intestine.

PMID- 6585855
TI  - Oral amoebiasis: the role of Entamoeba gingivalis in periodontal disease.

PMID- 6585856
TI  - The Hydroceptor: its value and versatilities in the "washed field technique"
      (II).

PMID- 6585858
TI  - Effect of taste on acceptance of topical fluorides.

PMID- 6585857
TI  - The potential of a self-etching fluoride-releasing composite.

PMID- 6585860
TI  - Laminectomy: effects on postoperative technetium and gallium scintigraphy.
AB  - Bone scans using Tc-99m diphosphonate were found to become abnormal within 2
      weeks after laminectomy in less than half of patients regardless of the extent of
      the operation. The degree of new uptake equaled that of the sacroiliac joints in
      only one of 19 patients with a normal preoperative scan. However, the Ga-67
      citrate scan usually became abnormal (89%) postoperatively. Thus the Tc-99m bone
      scan may be helpful in detecting postoperative infection.

PMID- 6585859
TI  - Magnetic resonance imaging of bone marrow disease in children.
AB  - Seven children underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the bone marrow:
      results showed that it is technically feasible to obtain good MR images of marrow
      in children. MR has detected abnormality in the bone marrow of a child who had
      metastatic neuroblastoma. The extent of abnormality in the femur correlated well
      with findings of a bone marrow isotope scan. In one child who had idiopathic
      aplastic anemia, diseased marrow could not be distinguished from normal marrow on
      MR images. MRI identified abnormality of the marrow in osteogenic sarcoma, and
      demonstrated change in response to chemotherapy. It displayed marrow spread of
      tumor as well as CT. MRI showed marrow abnormality in four children who had
      leukemia.

PMID- 6585861
TI  - [The need for metaphylactic measures in patients wearing complete dentures using
      subjective and objective criteria].

PMID- 6585862
TI  - [The problem of hypertrophy under a cross-bar attachment denture].

PMID- 6585863
TI  - [Clinical experiences with the application of individualized alveolar packing
      using a bioactive ceramic glass].

PMID- 6585865
TI  - [Prosthetic management in a case of hereditary dentinogenesis imperfecta].

PMID- 6585866
TI  - [Effect of Gram-negative bacteria on the condition of the periodontium in
      patients with prosthetic crowns].

PMID- 6585864
TI  - [The etiology of denture stomatitis].

PMID- 6585867
TI  - [Impregnation of acrylate materials with chloramine T].

PMID- 6585868
TI  - [Studies on various discolorations of fixed dentures using scanning microscopy
      and microprobe].

PMID- 6585870
TI  - Effects of CL 115,347, (+/-)-15-deoxy-16-hydroxy-16-vinyl-PGE2 methyl ester, on
      cardiovascular responses and plasma catecholamines in pithed stroke-prone
      spontaneously hypertensive rats during sympathetic stimulation.
AB  - The effect of CL 115,347, a topically active antihypertensive PGE2 analog, and
      PGE2 on changes in blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) response and plasma
      epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) levels induced by stimulation of the
      sympathetic spinal cord outflow were studied in pithed stroke-prone spontaneously
      hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Surgical pithing significantly reduced plasma E but
      not NE levels suggesting that the sympathoadrenal medullary system differentially
      affects E and NE release. Sympathetic stimulation of the spinal cord of pithed
      SHRSP increased HR, BP, plasma E and NE levels. Topically applied CL 115,347
      (0.001-0.2 mg/kg) dose-dependently decreased BP, while intravenously infused PGE2
      (30 micrograms/kg/min) did not alter BP except for a brief initial drop. Topical
      application of CL 115,347 (0.1 mg/kg) also inhibited BP responses to sympathetic
      stimulation without effects on HR or plasma E or NE levels. Intravenous infusion
      of PGE2 (30 micrograms/kg/min) inhibited both BP and HR responses to spinal cord
      stimulation but did not alter plasma catecholamine levels. These studies in SHRSP
      suggest that CL 115,347 and PGE2 modulate cardiovascular responses mainly via
      postjunctional effects, but act differently on the cardiovascular elements, viz.
      CL 115,347 acts primarily on blood vessels while PGE2 acts on blood vessels and
      heart.

PMID- 6585869
TI  - [Psychological management in the dental treatment of adult patients].

PMID- 6585871
TI  - An intra-corpus luteum site for the luteolytic action of prostaglandin F2 alpha
      in the rhesus monkey.
AB  - It has not been possible to demonstrate prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha)
      participation in primate luteolysis under conditions of systemic administration
      or of acute intraluteal injection. These study designs were hampered by the short
      biological half-life in the first instance and brevity of administration in the
      latter. In this study, luteolysis has resulted from chronic, intraluteal delivery
      of PGF2 alpha. Using the Alzet osmotic pump-cannula system, normally cycling
      rhesus monkeys were continuously infused, until menses occurred, with PGF2 alpha
      (10 ng/1/hr) directly into the corpus luteum (CL, n = 6), into the stroma of the
      ovary not bearing the corpus luteum (NCL, n = 3), or subcutaneously (SC, n = 5).
      An additional 5 monkeys received vehicle (V) into the corpus luteum. All
      experiments commenced 5-7 days after the preovulatory estradiol surge. Luteal
      function was assessed by the daily measurements of plasma progesterone,
      estradiol, and LH. Intraluteal PGF2 alpha caused premature functional luteolysis
      in all monkeys, as reflected by a highly significant decline in circulating
      progesterone and estradiol and the early onset of menstruation, when compared to
      the other groups. V, NCL, and SC infusions had no effect on either circulating
      steroid levels or luteal phase lengths. None of the experimental groups showed
      any change in plasma LH concentrations. These are the first data to indicate that
      PGF2 alpha can induce functional luteolysis in the primate, and the site of
      action appears to be the corpus luteum.

PMID- 6585872
TI  - [Effect of indomethacin and diclofenac on plasma and synovial prostaglandins in
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 6585873
TI  - [Type L1 acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children].

PMID- 6585874
TI  - [Philadelphia chromosome present in pluripotential cell: primary thrombocytosis
      t(9q+ ; 22q-)].

PMID- 6585876
TI  - Structure of class II transplantation antigens and their relationship to other
      molecules.

PMID- 6585875
TI  - Histocompatibility antigens on human lymphoid cells.

PMID- 6585878
TI  - [Diabetes and periodontal disease].

PMID- 6585877
TI  - [Dental age, skeletal age].

PMID- 6585879
TI  - [New aspects of the Gougerot-Sjogren syndrome].

PMID- 6585880
TI  - [Vascular pain in the face].

PMID- 6585881
TI  - [Bacteriology of dentoalveolar abscesses].

PMID- 6585882
TI  - Epidemiology and susceptibility of resistant Bacteroides fragilis group organisms
      to new beta-lactam antibiotics.
AB  - The epidemiology of the Bacteroides fragilis group and the interspecies
      frequencies of antibiotic resistance were examined. Susceptibilities were
      determined for 16 beta-lactam antibiotics, including seven new compounds.
      Fourteen percent of 287 patients with infection due to organisms of the B.
      fragilis group presented with bacteremia. Infections were as common among
      pediatric patients as among patients on the surgical services. Clindamycin
      resistance varied from 3% to 22% among the species. Resistance to clindamycin and
      cefoxitin was more likely to be encountered among Bacteroides species other than
      B. fragilis. These organisms were more commonly recovered from surgical wound
      specimens. Only N-formimidoylthienamycin showed predictably good activity against
      Bacteroides resistant to clindamycin or cefoxitin. The other new beta-lactam
      antibiotics had variable activities against these resistant strains, and
      significant differences were noted overall among the antimicrobial agents tested.
      Early speciation and susceptibility testing of clinical isolates of the B.
      fragilis group are needed, particularly if newer agents with unpredictable
      activities are used.

PMID- 6585883
TI  - [Isometric contractions in the orthopedic treatment of maxillo-mandibular
      relations].

PMID- 6585884
TI  - [Conservation of the distal root of the 2nd deciduous molar. Effect on mandibular
      dento-alveolar harmony. A longitudinal study].

PMID- 6585885
TI  - [Changes in the design of the W. Balters type I bionator].

PMID- 6585886
TI  - [Bantu facial harmony, or the need for an African idea of Negroid esthetics].

PMID- 6585887
TI  - [Tongue position at rest and during deglutition. Influence of the type of
      activity. A statistical study].

PMID- 6585888
TI  - [Electromyographic measurement of the masticatory muscles].

PMID- 6585889
TI  - [The rat as an experimental model in orthodontics].

PMID- 6585890
TI  - [Cases involving the sinus].

PMID- 6585891
TI  - [Functional positioners: specifications and practical details].

PMID- 6585893
TI  - [Uneasiness in the adolescent in the health care setting].

PMID- 6585892
TI  - [Psychology: why?].

PMID- 6585894
TI  - [Auto-eroticism and parafunctions].

PMID- 6585895
TI  - [Personality and dysfunction. Contribution to the correction of dysfunctional
      deglutition].

PMID- 6585896
TI  - [The orthodontist as he sees himself (results of a short survey)].

PMID- 6585897
TI  - [To be an orthodontist: why?].

PMID- 6585898
TI  - [The child, the mother, the orthodontist: a 3 way relation].

PMID- 6585899
TI  - [Dysmorphophobia].

PMID- 6585901
TI  - [The thumbsucker's calendar or an artistic creation with the help of the
      orthodontist].

PMID- 6585900
TI  - [Various technics of psychotherapy and their theoretical bases].

PMID- 6585902
TI  - [One goal may conceal another].

PMID- 6585903
TI  - [Possible changes in the Bimler appliance].

PMID- 6585904
TI  - [2 examples of retention appliances for adults].

PMID- 6585905
TI  - [Occlusal therapy of Class II molars].

PMID- 6585907
TI  - Rationale for consistency in the use of enamel surface terms: perikymata and
      imbrications.
AB  - The use of the enamel surface terms perikymata and imbrications/imbrication lines
      in the dental literature is inconsistent and therefore confusing. Based on an
      analysis of these terms and their original use, the following system for their
      future use is recommended: the whole pattern of ridges and grooves on the enamel
      surface is termed perikymata or imbrications. Distinction between the two
      elements of the pattern is attained by adding ridge/crest or groove/furrow. In
      such combination terms perikymata should be used in its singular form, perikyma,
      e.g. perikyma ridge.

PMID- 6585906
TI  - [Cytogenetic characteristics of ferridextran-induced FDXBP1 and FDXBP4 tumors in
      the BP rat strain].

PMID- 6585908
TI  - A quantitative microradiographic study of mineral content of supragingival and
      subgingival dental calculus.
AB  - This study was undertaken to determine the distribution and concentration of
      mineral in supragingival and subgingival dental calculus. Extracted incisors and
      premolars with attached dental calculus were used. After fixation the specimens
      were dehydrated and embedded in methylmethacrylate and 100-micrometers-thick
      ground sections were made. Microradiographs were produced and the mineral content
      in the sections was determined photometrically, using an aluminum step-wedge as a
      reference system. The distribution of the mineral varied considerably within the
      specimens and between different specimens. Supragingival calculus appeared
      heterogeneous and often stratified, containing areas that seemed to be non
      calcified. The average mineral content was 37% by volume. By contrast subgingival
      calculus appeared homogeneously calcified, with an average mineral content of
      58%. No differences in mineral content between surface areas and portions close
      to the tooth were seen. This indicates that once the calculus is formed no
      changes occur in the mineral content, i.e. no maturation occurs with age. Local
      variations in mineral content within the calculus might be explained by periodic
      differences in the fluid environment of the microbial plaque.

PMID- 6585909
TI  - Effect of antimicrobial mouthrinses on salivary microflora in healthy subjects.
AB  - The antibacterial effects of chlorhexidine and an oxygen releasing agent on the
      salivary microflora were evaluated in healthy subjects in two separate
      experiments: 1) mouthrinsing on a single occasion and 2) mouthrinsing two or four
      times a day for 1 wk. Both experiments were performed in a cross-over study, and
      each subject was randomly tested for both rinsing agents and a saline control.
      The total bacterial number and some selected bacterial genera were followed in
      saliva samples taken prior to (zero-samples) and on three occasions after the
      rinsing or rinsing period. The reduction of the total bacterial number by
      mouthrinsing two or four times a day for 1 wk with chlorhexidine was
      statistically significant and lasted for over 4 h. After rinsing with
      chlorhexidine on one single occasion the reduction of the microflora was
      statistically significant and of the same magnitude as after rinsing two or four
      times daily for 1 wk. Although statistically significant reduction was obtained,
      the significant biologic effect of antimicrobial agents may be questioned. The
      number of Strep. mutans was dramatically reduced with chlorhexidine in some
      subjects and this reduction lasted for over 1 wk. The oxygen releasing agent did
      not reduce salivary flora significantly when rinsing took place two or four times
      daily for 1 wk.

PMID- 6585910
TI  - Polysaccharide production by cell free transferases in saliva in relation to
      salivary microflora.
AB  - The supernatant of centrifuged whole saliva was incubated with radiolabeled
      sucrose to measure polysaccharide production by cell free transferases and to
      examine whether water-insoluble polysaccharides were produced. Amounts of
      polysaccharides were considered to reflect the level of cell free transferases in
      saliva. Plating samples on blood agar, MS and MSB plates gave salivary counts of
      total CFU, total streptococci, S. salivarius and S. mutans. The capability of the
      cell free portion of saliva to produce polymers was confirmed and it appeared
      that the cell free transferases were able to produce water-insoluble
      polysaccharides. Significant correlations were found between the total and the
      insoluble polysaccharides from 14C-G'-sucrose and total CFU, total streptococci,
      S. salivarius and S. mutans, respectively. Heavily S. mutans infected subjects
      seemed to produce particularly large amounts of water-insoluble polysaccharides
      from 14C-G'-sucrose. The apparently water-insoluble 14C-F'-polysaccharides
      correlated significantly to the number of S. salivarius. It was thus concluded
      that the constitution of the oral microflora and particularly the levels of S.
      mutans and S. salivarius were of importance for the level of cell free
      transferase activity.

PMID- 6585911
TI  - Study of the oral mucosa in 200 consecutive patients with psoriasis.
AB  - The oral cavities of 200 consecutive psoriasis patients, most of them with
      widespread disease on the skin, were examined (man/woman ratio 1.63:1, mean age
      of the patients 43.7 yr). The average duration of the disease at time of
      examination was 15.8 yr. When questioned, 16% of the patients reported changes in
      the joints, which, according to them, had been verified by radiography. 72.5% of
      the patients reported on nail involvement at some time during their disease.
      Fissured tongue was present in 9.5% of the patients, and geographic tongue and
      smooth tongue each in 1% of the patients. Angular cheilitis was found in 3.5% of
      the patients. In 20 out of 200 cases, the oral mucosa showed changes and biopsy
      was taken. Four out of 20 patients showed histologic features typical of
      psoriasis, including accumulations of leukocytes in the upper layers of the
      epithelium, all with widespread psoriasis skin involvement. Areas of oral mucosa
      were most often deep red in color, the buccal mucosa and tongue being the two
      most common sites. Two out of these four patients had a fissured tongue and one
      had a geographic tongue.

PMID- 6585912
TI  - Attachment of Treponema denticola to cultured human epithelial cells.
AB  - The present electron microscopic study visualizes adherence of Treponema
      denticola, the most common treponeme of the gingival crevice in man, to human
      epithelial cells in vitro. The number of organisms adhering to the cells
      increased with increase in the treponemal concentration from 10(6) cells/ml
      through 10(8) cells/ml. Epithelial cells immediately after mitosis were
      particularly rich in treponemes. The number of adsorbing treponemes was reduced
      after pretreatment of the epithelial cells with hyaluronidase. The epithelial
      cells showed no predilection site of treponemal attachment. Treponemes attached
      preferably by their ends. Intracellularity of treponemes was not regularly
      attained. Treatment with ruthenium red, acidic bovine albumin or hyaluronidase
      indicted presence of acidic mucopolysaccharides on the treponemal and epithelial
      cell surface.

PMID- 6585913
TI  - Influence of doxorubicin on rat incisor mesenchymal cells.
AB  - Three groups of female Wistar rats were intravenously injected with the
      antineoplastic drug doxorubicin in a single dose of 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 20
      mg/kg, respectively. The animals were killed 1 and 5 days after injection.
      Paraffin and Vestopal W embedded sections were prepared of the maxillary right
      and left incisors, respectively, and evaluated by light microscopy. Doxorubicin
      produced necrosis of single cells, of small groups of cells in the basal pulp and
      destroyed the preodontoblasts as evaluated 1 day after injection. On the 5th day
      of observation, the late preodontoblasts and basal pulp had regenerated, but the
      early preodontoblast zone remained absent, leading to an abnormal odontogenesis.
      This caused a marked reduction of dentin deposition in the apical part of the
      tooth and production of irregular predentin by cells in the pulp and by the young
      odontoblasts.

PMID- 6585914
TI  - Response of elevator activity during mastication to treatment of functional
      disorders.
AB  - The pattern of elevator activity during mastication in temporal and masseter
      muscles of 37 patients with functional disorders and pain in the masticatory
      system was studied before and after conventional treatment and compared with a
      control group of 43 subjects. As compared to controls, patients before treatment
      chewed with greater relative strength (percent of maximal elevator activity),
      longer relative contraction times (percent of total duration of chewing cycle)
      and stronger intermediary activity between strokes. These parameters of muscle
      coordination are proposed as quantitative estimates of "hyperactivity".
      Conventional treatment abolished pain, tenderness and other symptoms and signs
      completely in 18 patients in whom the most significant findings in the muscles
      under study were reductions in absolute and relative contraction times ascribed
      to increased stability produced by occlusal adjustment. It is suggested that
      relatively shorter pauses before treatment impaired blood flow and that their
      prolongation following treatment improved circulation. During the strong, dynamic
      contractions of mastication, masseter muscles tended to be more susceptible to
      hyperactivity than the temporal muscles.

PMID- 6585915
TI  - Comparison of bone resorption at one-step and two-step mandibular endosseous
      implants in dogs.
AB  - Endosseous dental implants have been inserted into dog jaw bone following two
      different implantation principles. Using the two-step procedure, the implant is
      left submerged, covered by the mucoperiosteum for a healing period, before
      communication with the oral cavity is established. According to the one-step
      procedure, this communication is established peroperatively. In order to estimate
      radiographically the degree of bone resorption following the two-step as compared
      to the one-step procedure, the former was used on the right and the latter on the
      left side of the mandible in two dogs. Periodic identical intraoral radiographs
      revealed bone resorption in the neck area of all implants. After a 1-yr period
      with bilateral bridges, the vertical resorption varied between 3 and 5 mm. No
      difference was found between the two methods concerning this bone resorption. The
      observation seems to be contrary to the general opinion on the matter, and
      pertinent investigations with the present model will be performed in a human
      material.

PMID- 6585916
TI  - Occlusal perception of thickness in patients with bridges on osseointegrated oral
      implants.
AB  - Perception of thickness was estimated in subjects with osseointegrated oral
      implant bridges (OIB), complete denture wearers and subjects with complete
      natural dentitions. The test was performed with factory-produced aluminum foil,
      9, 20, 50, 100 and 150 micrometers thick, in the regions of the right second
      premolars, the canines and the central incisors. Occlusal perception did not
      differ between the three regions in any of the groups. Certain perceptiveness
      (greater than 80% of tests correct) was found at the 20 micrometers level in
      subjects with natural dentitions, at the 50 micrometers level in OIB subjects and
      at the 100 micrometers level in subjects with a complete denture in one or both
      jaws. It is concluded that partial or complete lack of periodontal receptors is
      compensated for by other perceptive organs and that implant bridge therapy ad
      modum Branemark partly restores occlusal sensibility.

PMID- 6585917
TI  - Effect of pellicle on galvanic corrosion of amalgam.
AB  - Galvanic corrosion of amalgam, induced by contact with a type IV dental casting
      gold alloy, was determined under simulated oral conditions in an electrochemical
      cell. The effect of a pellicle layer formed by 1 h exposure to saliva in the oral
      cavity was determined. Pellicle on the amalgam had no effect on the maximum
      corrosion rate or the 2 h corrosion charge, whereas pellicle on the gold alloy
      substantially reduced both these parameters of the conventional low-copper
      amalgam; the corrosion of the high-copper amalgam was less and was not influenced
      by pellicle formation.

PMID- 6585918
TI  - Antibacterial properties of human lysozyme toward Fusobacterium nucleatum Fev1.
AB  - Human lysozyme in physiologic concentrations (17-50 micrograms/ml) had apparently
      no effects on growth rate and viability of exponentially growing Fusobacterium
      nucleatum Fev1 cells, but cells in the stationary phase were affected. When grown
      in the presence of active lysozyme about 70% of the cells in late exponential
      phase (24-h culture) were able to form colonies, compared to about 100% in the
      control culture. About 24 h later the colony forming abilities were about 5% and
      20%, respectively. Addition of lysozyme to suspensions of cells taken from any
      growth phase did not lead to any significant decrease in turbidity, that is, no
      more than 10% decrease at 650 nm. Control cells treated with acridine orange
      fluoresced with a uniform bright orange color, while the lysozyme treated
      stationary phase cells fluoresced more faintly. Intracellular granules were more
      preponderant in the latter cells. When incubated with the hydrophobic probe 8
      anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (ANS), lysozyme exposed cells gave
      approximately 20% higher fluorescence intensity than the control cells. Changes
      in the ultrastructure of the lysozyme treated cells were best studied in the
      transmission electron microscope using ultrathin sectioned preparations. The
      peptidoglycan layer became disorganized and apparently dissolved and the ordered
      structure of the cell wall had disappeared in zones. The cells, however, still
      retained their form, and only a few per cent had lost their cellular content.
      This explains why the turbidity of the solution did not change significantly.

PMID- 6585919
TI  - Microbial invasion and subsurface colonization of rat enamel in early fissure
      caries observed by scanning electron microscopy.
AB  - In order to find out whether microbes can be detected in the incipient rat caries
      lesions underneath the visibly intact enamel surface, the maxilla of OM-rats, fed
      a cariogenic diet, were fixed and partially bisected sagittally with a thin saw.
      The individual teeth were finally split with a knife to get a crack surface from
      the fissure region. Selected tooth halves showing slight carious changes at the
      dentin-enamel junction were prepared for SEM and examined. In many preparations,
      colonies of organisms were found firmly attached to the crack surface. Single,
      predominantly coccus-like organisms and a few rods could be seen mostly located
      in the interprismatic furrows at varying depth throughout the enamel. Some lacuna
      like hollows, with or without the occupant organisms, could be seen carved in the
      prism structure. The enamel side of the DEJ in the lesion area could be
      completely covered by the microbes. In samples representing arrested caries,
      amorphous precipitates were found at the interprismatic substance of the DEJ
      region.

PMID- 6585920
TI  - Factors predicting caries risk in children.
AB  - Selection of caries-risk groups is difficult and unreliable. In this study we
      analyzed the known correlates of caries and their interrelations. The subjects (n
      = 153) were seventh graders (13 yr old) from a school in Kuopio. Data were
      collected by mail survey (n = 150), from the clinical registers of the local
      health center (n = 135), and from a saliva test. In the first stage we computed
      the bivariate correlates between the D-index and its traditionally defined
      determinants. In the second stage the predictors of caries risk were ranked using
      discriminant and multiple regression analyses. The bivariate correlates of caries
      were: DMF-index of the previous year (r = 0.69), D-index of the previous year (r
      = 0.59), lactobacillus count (r = 0.26), buffer capacity (r = 0.20), and
      toothbrushing frequency (r = 0.07). In discriminant analyses the DMF-index among
      girls and the frequency of consumption of sweets among boys were the only
      significant discriminators. In the multiple regression analyses, however, the
      final model (P less than 0.001) for girls included: DMF-index of the previous
      year (beta = 0.64) and lactobacillus count (beta = 0.31). The corresponding model
      for boys (P less than 0.001) included: DMF-index of the previous year (beta =
      0.55) and frequency of consumption of sweets (beta = 0.24). Using these
      variables, it is difficult to develop a reliable method for determining the
      caries susceptible groups, but of them, the DMF-index seems the most reliable for
      predicting caries risk among children.

PMID- 6585921
TI  - Initial acidity of dental cements.
AB  - The acidity in aqueous solutions following release of acid components from glass
      ionomer, silicate, zinc phosphate and zinc polycarboxylate cements has been
      registered by pH measurements. One brand of each type was studied. Initial
      setting was accomplished at two different temperatures; 23 degrees C and in the
      interval from 23 degrees C to about 60 degrees C. In the latter case external
      heat was transferred to the samples by infrared radiation for a period of 2 min.
      The highest acidity was associated with the silicate specimen, while the lowest
      acidity was recorded for the zinc polycarboxylate specimen. Exposure to infrared
      radiation resulted in a reduced acidity for all types of cements. The effect of
      infrared exposure was most pronounced for the silicate specimens, resulting in a
      reduction of acid release by a factor of about 10 compared to the nontreated
      samples. The resistance to acid release was found to be improved by a factor of
      about 5 for the glass ionomer and about 3 for the zinc phosphate cement treated
      in a similar way. Clinically, it seems possible considerably to reduce the risk
      of pulpal injuries associated with the insertion of silicate restorations by
      using a moderate infrared radiation treatment. Furthermore, the susceptibility of
      glass ionomer cements to a high initial erosion should be reduced by the use of
      such a technique. After exposure of the glass ionomer and silicate specimens to
      infrared radiation at the temperature interval applied, the samples had a more
      glossy, tooth-like appearance compared to the nonexposed samples, improving the
      aesthetic properties.

PMID- 6585922
TI  - In vivo antibacterial effect of tin on the oral microflora.
AB  - The antibacterial effect of oral rinses with stannous fluoride and stannous
      chloride solutions, and of the use of a toothpaste containing stannous fluoride
      and stannous pyrophosphate was tested by recording the bacterial viable counts on
      the oral mucous membrane. Stannous chloride had no antibacterial effect, while
      stannous fluoride drastically reduced the viable counts up to 4 h. Calculations
      demonstrated that 25% of the tin content in 10 ml rinsing solutions was retained
      in the mouth, and analyses showed a raised tin level in saliva up to 4 h after
      rinsing or toothbrushing. It is suggested that most of the retained tin is bound
      to the oral mucosa.

PMID- 6585923
TI  - Initial corrosion of amalgams in vitro.
AB  - The amounts of copper, mercury, silver or zinc released from two brands of
      freshly prepared, lathe cut amalgams and from one brand of dispersed phase type
      amalgam into artificial saliva have been measured. Samples were immersed in the
      solution a few minutes after the end of trituration and exposed statically for
      periods of up to about 4 days. The initial mercury release from such specimens
      could exceed the long term mercury release from old amalgams by more than two
      orders of magnitude. The measurements indicate that during the first day after
      insertion of two amalgam fillings, each with an assumed surface area of 1 cm2 and
      under presumably static conditions, mercury at the level of more than twice the
      mercury food and drink intake could be released in the oral cavity. This is,
      however, a situation which appears infrequently, e.g. following dental treatment
      once a year. The amounts of copper and zinc released initially were considerably
      lower than the corresponding food and drink intake values, while silver might be
      on the same level. The measurements were conducted using nuclear tracer
      techniques.

PMID- 6585924
TI  - Early prediction of long-term margin adaptation of dental amalgam restorations.
AB  - The present study assessed the predictive value of an indirect metric method for
      the early detection of margin defects of amalgam restorations, relative to
      results using a direct clinical method. The material consisted of plaster casts
      of amalgam restorations taken at 1- and 2-yr examinations of four different
      amalgam-treatment combinations. The widest margin defect of each restoration was
      measured in a dissection microscope equipped with a metric scale in the ocular.
      The ranking order obtained from the metric measurements of the different amalgam
      treatment combinations after 1 and 2 yr was compared with that obtained from the
      direct clinical evaluation after 2 yr. Finally, the rank order of those
      restorations rated Alfa (no visible evidence, along the margin, of a crevice
      (ditch) into which an explorer will penetrate) at the 2-yr clinical examination
      was studied in relation to the 1-yr metric measurements. For the total material,
      the rank order based on the metric measurements of the margin defects of the four
      amalgam-treatment combinations agreed with that obtained with the clinical
      rating. In the 1-yr data, where the metric technique was applied only on the
      restorations rated Alfa at the 2-yr clinical evaluation, the order of two
      neighboring combinations was reversed; otherwise the same rank order was
      obtained. It is recommended that the clinical performance of new brands of
      amalgam alloy are tested in short-term, small-scale studies using the metric
      evaluation technique, before more extensive field studies over longer periods are
      instituted, in order to sort out unsatisfactory materials and treatment
      techniques at an early stage.

PMID- 6585925
TI  - Motor responses to prostaglandin F2 alpha in isolated guinea pig fundus and
      antrum.
AB  - While guinea-pig stomachs were isolated and oxygenated in organ baths. Continuous
      pressure recordings were made from separate fundic and antral pouches.
      Prostaglandin F2 alpha stimulated motor activity in both fundus and antrum mainly
      by elevation of wall tension, whereas the amplitude or frequency of the rhythmic
      activity was not significantly affected. The responses were dose-dependent and
      not significantly inhibited by atropine, mepyramine, or cimetidine. A direct
      effect mechanism of PGF2 alpha, independent of intramural cholinergic or
      histaminergic pathways, is indicated for both fundus and antrum.

PMID- 6585926
TI  - The relationship between growth in agar, karyotype and prognosis in acute
      leukaemia.
AB  - The growth pattern in agar culture and the karyotype of bone marrow cells were
      studied in 79 patients with untreated acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia (ANLL).
      Results were divided into the following groups: (A) colony and cluster formation;
      (B) growth of less than 600 small clusters per 10(5) cells; (C) growth of more
      than 600 small clusters; (D) no growth in agar. Cytogenetically, the patients
      were divided into 3 categories: NN, normal metaphases only; AN, both abnormal and
      normal metaphases and AA, abnormal metaphases only. An association was seen
      between growth pattern and karyotype: the majority of NN patients (33/37)
      belonged to group (A + B) while in group (C + D) 20/24 patients were AN or AA. 37
      patients were prognostically evaluable. The growth pattern in agar but not the
      cytogenetic pattern had prognostic implications. 25 patients with acute
      lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) were also studied at diagnosis. Different growth
      patterns in agar had no impact on prognosis. No relationship was detected between
      growth pattern and karyotype in ALL.

PMID- 6585927
TI  - Diabetes insipidus in preleukaemic phase of acute myeloid leukaemia in 2 patients
      with empty sella turcica. A report of 2 cases.
AB  - 2 patients with diabetes insipidus established in the preleukaemic phase of acute
      myeloid leukaemia are described. Both patients had probably coincidentally an
      empty sella turcica showed by a computerized tomography. In one of them,
      leukaemia developed secondary to a cytostatic therapy for a vesical cancer. In
      this patient, blast cells appeared in cerebrospinal fluid after the patients had
      become polyuric and later on autopsy findings showed a peripituitary leukaemic
      infiltrate. In the other patient, diabetes insipidus and the acute phase of
      leukaemia developed after a long period with a dysmyelopoietic syndrome. Hormonal
      tests suggested a hypothalamic injury in both patients due to a leukaemic
      infiltrate at least in the former of them. It is concluded that diabetes
      insipidus as a consequence of hypothalamic lesion may develop in the preleukaemic
      phase of acute myeloid leukaemia and become evident before any other symptoms of
      leukaemia have manifested.

PMID- 6585928
TI  - Chronic myeloid leukaemia presenting as femoral head necrosis.
AB  - A 17-year-old male whose initial presentation of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML)
      was necrosis of the right femoral head is reported. This is the first case report
      to our knowledge of CML presenting with such a lesion and is of further interest
      in that almost all reported cases of destructive bony lesions in this disease
      have been associated with blast transformation. Our patient in contrast has
      remained in stable chronic phase for over 30 months.

PMID- 6585929
TI  - Acute monoblastic leukaemia. Clinical, biological data and survival in 45 cases.
AB  - Between 1978 and 1980, 45 cases of acute monoblastic leukaemia have been
      diagnosed, treated and followed in our institute. Morphological diagnosis was
      performed according to the French-American-British classification. Tumoral
      syndrome (particularly extra-medullary) and hyperleucocytosis were the most
      striking findings at the time of diagnosis. Cytogenetic analysis performed in 31
      cases before treatment has showed that abnormality of the long arm of chromosome
      11 seemed to be more frequently associated with the poorly differentiated
      cytological subtype M5 (a). Intensive chemotherapy with zorubicin and cytosine
      arabinoside led to complete remission in 75% of the cases. Central nervous system
      prophylaxis appeared definitively useful in preventing meningeal relapse. Despite
      a prolongation of the median duration of complete remission which now reaches 12
      months, the prognostic is still poor.

PMID- 6585931
TI  - Recent advances in rehabilitation medicine. A series of papers dedicated to Olle
      Hook. Goteborg 1983.

PMID- 6585930
TI  - A stage classification for prognosis in adult acute myelogenous leukaemia based
      upon patients' age, bone marrow karyotype and clinical features.
AB  - In 71 adult acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) cases, the relationship between
      well-known prognostic features and complete remission (CR) rate and survival was
      studied. These features were: (i) bone marrow karyotype classified NN, AN, AA
      according to Sakurai & Sandberg (5); (ii) patients' age; (iii) clinical 'negative
      prognostic features' (NPF): previous history of preleukaemia, septicaemia or
      pneumonia, hyperleucocytosis, associated pathology (diabetes, obesity, renal
      insufficiency etc.). 59 years of age was found to be a frontier between 2
      homogeneous groups having quite different prognosis. The NN/AN/AA classification
      had good prognostic value (CR rate and survival) in patients under 59 years, but
      not in older patients. In those patients over 59, a significant difference in CR
      rate and survival appeared between cases with NPF and those without. For each
      feature having an established relationship to survival, a panel of prognostic
      points was determined as follows: age over 59 (1 point), AA karyotype in patients
      under 59 (2 points), NPF in patients over 59 (1 point). Using this stage
      classification, it was possible to classify every case into 1 of 3 groups (i.e.:
      0 points, 1 point, 2 points). The life-table analysis of these 3 groups showed
      very significant differences. The median survival times were 18.5 months, 5.2
      months and 1.3 month, for the 0-point group (26 cases), the 1-point group (19
      cases) and the 2-point group (26 cases), respectively.

PMID- 6585932
TI  - Measurement of torque during passive and active ankle movements in patients with
      muscle hypertonia. A methodological study.
AB  - Torque curves were recorded during passive and active ankle joint movements at
      three preset angular velocities (30, 60 and 120 degrees/s) with the subject in
      the supine position and 45 degrees hip and knee angles. Recordings were performed
      in normal subjects (n = 11), patients with clinical spasticity (n = 10) and
      patients with Parkinson's disease (n = 7). The torque curves recorded during
      passive dorsiflexion followed by plantar flexion showed a counterclockwise
      hysteresis loop with minimal area in the normal subjects and a large area in
      patients, especially at the highest velocity. The torque increase during
      dorsiflexion was proportional to the angular velocity in the patients with
      spasticity but not in the patients with Parkinson's disease. In the patients with
      spasticity, a good correlation was found between clinical assessment of
      hypertonia and measurements of torque during passive movements but not torque
      values during maximal voluntary dorsiflexion. A model for data reduction and
      estimation of instant slope values on different parts of the torque-angle curve
      is suggested. The use of ankle torque recordings for evaluation of treatment
      effects is exemplified.

PMID- 6585933
TI  - Restrictive ventilatory dysfunction in stroke: its relation to locomotor
      function.
AB  - Static and dynamic lung volumes, maximum respiratory pressures and lung
      compliance and resistance were registered in 54 subjects with hemiplegia or
      hemiparesis after stroke. These measures of ventilatory function were related to
      the degree of motor impairment and to the interval between stroke and
      investigation. In general ventilatory function, particularly parameters depending
      upon expiratory force, was restricted. This was most pronounced in subjects with
      severe hemiplegia while those with hemiparesis had only small changes. Since
      dynamic lung volumes (corrected for volume loss), lung compliance and resistance
      were all normal, it is evident that intrinsic lung function was unaffected.
      Inspiratory capacity - but no other measured variables of respiratory function -
      was lower six months after the stroke than earlier. It is suggested that
      expiratory muscle dys-coordination and weakness caused expiratory dysfunction
      while the less pronounced inspiratory restriction may be caused by muscular
      dysfunction and, as time goes by, by rib cage contracture.

PMID- 6585934
TI  - Load moment, muscle strength and level of muscular activity during internal
      rotation training of the shoulder.
AB  - Existing studies of shoulder joint loading, muscle strength and muscular activity
      do not, from the point of view of clinical application, adequately cover these
      factors, knowledge of which is important for the design of optimal exercises for
      training shoulder impairments. In the present study, exercises using a weight-and
      pulley device have been analysed in order to map the resistance moments of force
      in relation to the muscular strength capacity of shoulder internal rotators , and
      to map the activation of these muscles in response to the resistance from the
      device. The relationships established in the study provide a basis for optimising
      various types of shoulder training exercises. For example, an angle of 40 degrees
      between frontal plane and shoulder-pulley line has been found to give the best
      adaptation of resistance to strength. The study also demonstrates the possibility
      of using a pulley apparatus for shoulder inward rotator muscle training.

PMID- 6585935
TI  - The outrigger problem in hand splinting.

PMID- 6585936
TI  - Wheelchair design and quality.

PMID- 6585937
TI  - Thigh muscle atrophy in below-knee amputees.
AB  - The atrophy was evaluated by using muscle biopsies, computed tomography and
      measuring tape. Ten well functioning below-knee amputees with a mean age of 56
      years participated. The amputees had 33 per cent type I fibres in the amputated
      leg compared to 38 per cent in the non-amputated leg, the difference not being
      significant. In the amputated leg there was less type IIA fibres (p less than
      0.01), more type IIB (p less than 0.05) and type IIC fibres (p less than 0.01)
      than in the non-amputated leg. Atrophy (single fibres or groups of 4-5 small
      fibres) of both type I and type II fibres were seen in most patients. The mean
      muscle fibre area of the vastus lateralis of the amputated leg was 74 per cent of
      that of the non-amputated leg (p less than 0.05). In both legs the area of type
      II fibres was larger than that of type I fibres. The cross-sectional area of the
      whole thigh in the amputated leg was 86 per cent (p less than 0.05), of the
      quadriceps muscles 66 per cent (p less than 0.01) and of the hamstring muscles 80
      per cent (p less than 0.05) of the area of the non-amputated leg. It was not
      possible to demonstrate if there was a reduction in the total number of muscle
      fibres. This indicates that the main cause for the reduction of muscle volume is
      the reduction in fibre sizes. There was no significant difference in
      circumference measurements when using computed tomography or measuring tape.

PMID- 6585938
TI  - Thigh muscle strength in below-knee amputees.
AB  - The aim of this investigation has been to study the magnitude of the reduction of
      thigh muscle strength of below-knee amputees and to correlate the strength to the
      degree of atrophy and to the clinical function. Thirty-two below-knee amputees
      participated in examinations of the isometric and isokinetic knee extension and
      flexion strength using an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex II). The atrophy was
      evaluated by measuring the mean muscle fibre area on muscle biopsies of the
      vastus lateralis and the cross-sectional area of the quadriceps and hamstring
      muscles measured with computed tomography. The isometric and isokinetic knee
      extension and flexion strength in the amputated leg with and without prosthesis
      was significantly lower than the strength in the non-amputated leg (p less than
      0.01). Knee extension strength was significantly correlated to the mean muscle
      fibre area of the vastus lateralis. There was no correlation between strength and
      the cross-sectional area of the quadriceps muscles. There was, however, a
      significant correlation between the side differences (amputated leg versus non
      amputated leg) in isometric knee extension and flexion strength and the side
      differences in cross-sectional areas. The reduction in isometric and isokinetic
      knee extension and flexion strength in the amputated leg both with and without
      prosthesis compared with the non-amputated leg was larger than the reduction in
      cross-sectional areas of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles and in muscle fibre
      areas of the vastus lateralis. This indicates that besides muscle atrophy changes
      in motor unit recruitment pattern may be of importance for the reduction in
      muscle strength. Isometric and isokinetic knee extension and flexion strength
      values in the amputated leg with prosthesis were significantly correlated to step
      length, maximal walking speed and circumference of the thigh. These results
      indicate that below-knee amputees with a better preserved thigh muscle strength
      have a good walking capacity.

PMID- 6585939
TI  - Knee load and muscle activity during exercises in rising.
AB  - Knee joint loading and the level of knee muscle activation during rising
      exercises have been evaluated and methods have been developed for such studies.
      Floor-to-foot forces were recorded using a force-measuring platform. The loading
      moment of force representing the resistance for the knee joint was calculated. It
      was shown that the initial knee loading moment with much flexed knees was high at
      large knee angles. The loading moment showed a marked decrease with decreasing
      knee angles. For small knee angles there was no resistance to knee extension.
      Muscular activity level was studied using EMG. The levels of activity in the
      quadriceps muscles were high at large knee angles and low at small angles. The
      hamstrings and gastrocnemius showed only low activity. The magnitude of change in
      knee extension resistance due to adaptive adjustment of the exercise device was
      mapped. These rising exercises will increase strength mainly for large knee
      angles and only for quadriceps muscles.

PMID- 6585940
TI  - The sexual experience in younger males with complete spinal cord injury.
AB  - Aspects of sexual life before and after spinal cord injury were studied in 21
      younger males by means of structured interviews. Principle findings are that in
      spite of severe genito-sexual dysfunctions the majority continued having
      intercourse and about half felt orgasmic. Sexuality maintained its pre-injury
      significance for nearly all subjects, and most characterized their sexual lives
      as at least to some extent satisfactory. Loco-motor impairment and autonomous
      dysreflexia were more frequently given as causes of reduced sexual pleasure than
      were sexual dysfunctions. High spinal cord severance and lack of regular partner
      were negative factors for continuation of satisfying sexual experiences. Thus,
      genital sexual dysfunction is but one factor determining level of sexual
      satisfaction after a spinal cord trauma as many younger tetra- and paraplegics
      appear to be able to identify new and gratifying ways of sexual fulfillment.

PMID- 6585941
TI  - Paraplegia in unstable thoracolumbar injuries. A study of conservative and
      operative treatment regarding neurological improvement and rehabilitation.
AB  - Thirty-seven patients with unstable thoracolumbar fractures and paraplegia were
      studied: 11 patients were given exclusively conservative treatment, 14 patients
      were treated conservatively after laminectomy with or without fusion, and 12
      patients were treated with Harrington instrumentation. None of the 12 cases with
      complete paraparesis at admission to the hospital improved their neurological
      status. In patients with moderate and severe but not complete paraparesis one
      month after injury, the neurological improvement continued for several years and
      in many the neurological restitution was complete. There was no difference
      between the three treatment groups regarding the neurological improvement. A new
      Rehabilitation Index was constructed with special reference to paraplegic
      patients. One month after the injury the Rehabilitation Score in the Harrington
      group was considerably higher than in the other groups. After three months the
      score was equalized in the conservatively treated group and the Harrington group
      whereas the score of the laminectomy-fusion group remained lower as long as two
      years after injury. Thirty-two patients were followed-up two years after the
      injury. Irrespective of the treatment, 30 of 32 patients had reached their
      maximal ADL scores at the follow-up. In 19 patients the bladder function was
      satisfactory. Eleven patients could walk independently. Twelve patients used
      wheel-chairs. Twenty-eight patients managed outdoor transportation without help.
      Twenty-four patients (75 per cent) had returned to work. Complaints about back
      deformity, skin problems and pain at direct pressure over the fracture site were
      significantly more frequent in the conservative and laminectomy-fusion groups.
      The treatment with open reduction, fusion and stabilization with Harrington rods
      considerably reduced the immobilization and hospitalization time. The
      complications were few. - The Harrington operation resulted in an early
      rehabilitation, which is of great psychological importance for the patient. - Our
      study confirms the disadvantages of laminectomy followed by conservative
      treatment reported by other authors.

PMID- 6585942
TI  - Exercise training of patients with intermittent claudication.

PMID- 6585944
TI  - Medical rehabilitation in the United Kingdom--a personal view.

PMID- 6585943
TI  - Neurocontrol of upper motor neurone muscle paralysis.
AB  - An attempt was made to describe upper motor neurone dysfunctions on the basis of
      changes in volitional activity, the effects of reinforcement maneuvers on motor
      units and sustained and unsustained characteristics of segmental reflexes.
      According to the above criteria, patients with paralysis due to established
      spinal cord injury can be divided into groups with clinical and subclinical
      paralysis, clinical paralysis with subclinical evidence of residual
      suprasegmental motor control, and clinically incomplete paralysis with a
      subclinical variety of neurocontrol patterns of motor activities. This
      categorization of paralysis according to neurocontrol criteria is opening new
      avenues to the use of residual motor activity for the modification of abnormal
      motor control by peripheral nerve stimulation and spinal cord stimulation
      procedures for the alteration of upper motor neurone dysfunctions.

PMID- 6585945
TI  - Intervertebral disc pressures during traction.
AB  - Pressures in the third lumbar discs were measured in vivo during active and
      passive traction. During active traction an increase in pressure was always
      recorded, with larger increases corresponding to larger traction forces. During
      passive traction the pressure remained close to the resting pressure; sometimes
      slight increases were recorded, sometimes slight decreases. It is concluded that
      when traction is applied so that the back muscles contract, then disc pressures
      will increase.

PMID- 6585947
TI  - Clinical assessment.

PMID- 6585946
TI  - Muscle function in 75-year-old men and women. A longitudinal study.
AB  - Nine-teen men and twenty-one women, regarded as representative for the healthy
      seventy-five-year-old urban population were subjected to tests of lower and upper
      extremity function. The results were compared with those in the same probands at
      the age of 70. The investigation included tests of muscular isometric and
      isokinetic strength in knee-extension and flexion, isometric strength in key
      grip, transversal volar grip, elbow-extension and flexion. Furthermore muscular
      coordination in hand and arm and submaximal endurance in hand-grip were measured.
      The subjects were classified with regard to physical activity. Between the age of
      70 and 75 there was a significant decline in muscle strength in both sexes in the
      knee-extensors and a somewhat smaller in isometric than in isokinetic strength,
      and a decline also in the elbow-extensors and flexors. In a test of muscular
      coordination of the upper extremities and of maximal strength and submaximal
      endurance in hand-grip the results did not differ significantly between the age
      of 70 and 75. Isokinetic muscle strength in the knee-extensors and flexors was
      higher in men with a higher level of physical activity than in those with a lower
      activity. The results may indicate that the decrement of muscle strength in this
      age in part may be based on a changed activity pattern (note lack of change in
      hand-grip strength) with lack of fast and forceful movements in the daily living
      and speaks for the desirability that elderly people be physically active and that
      this may prevent disability.

PMID- 6585948
TI  - Clinical assessment.

PMID- 6585949
TI  - Pathophysiological assessment--macrophages.

PMID- 6585950
TI  - Pathophysiological assessment--humoral immunity.

PMID- 6585951
TI  - Pathophysiological assessment--connective tissue metabolism.

PMID- 6585952
TI  - Proceedings of the Finnish-Soviet Symposium on Seronegative Arthritis. Heinola,
      September 25-27, 1983.

PMID- 6585953
TI  - Fifty year old Caucasian female with abdominal pain and headache.

PMID- 6585954
TI  - Treatment of depression in primary care: decision-making aided by an algorithm.

PMID- 6585955
TI  - Loss of adhesion of murine erythroleukemia cells to fibronectin during erythroid
      differentiation.
AB  - Uninduced murine erythroleukemia cells specifically attached to fibronectin
      coated dishes but not to dishes coated with laminin or type I or IV collagen.
      Dimethyl sulfoxide-induced differentiation of these cells caused a dramatic
      decrease in adhesion to fibronectin that was correlated with synthesis of the
      erythrocyte glycoprotein "band III," a membrane marker of the differentiated
      erythrocyte. Loss or modification of fibronectin binding sites on the cell
      surface during erythroid differentiation may cause the release of reticulocytes
      from the interstitial matrix of bone marrow into the blood.

PMID- 6585956
TI  - A nitrogen pressure of 50 atmospheres does not prevent evolution of hydrogen by
      nitrogenase.
AB  - The effect of a partial pressure of nitrogen of 50 atmospheres (5065 kilopascals
      ) on the hydrogen evolution reaction of nitrogenase has been investigated.
      Evolution of hydrogen was not blocked completely by 50 atmospheres of nitrogen in
      any of four experiments; rather, 27.3 +/- 2.4 percent of the total electron flux
      through nitrogenase was directed toward production of hydrogen. The ratio of
      hydrogen evolved to nitrogen fixed was close to 1:1, which implies that hydrogen
      evolution is obligatory in the fixation of molecular nitrogen by nitrogenase.

PMID- 6585957
TI  - Amplification of the c-myb oncogene in a case of human acute myelogenous
      leukemia.
AB  - Amplification is one of the mechanisms by which cellular oncogenes may be altered
      in their function, possibly leading to neoplastic transformation. The oncogenes c
      myc, c- abl , and c-Ki-ras are amplified in several different human neoplasias.
      The oncogene c-myb, which is specifically expressed and regulated in
      hematopoietic cells, was found to be amplified in cell lines ML-1, ML-2, and ML
      3, which were separately cultured from cells of a patient with acute myelogenous
      leukemia (AML). A five- to tenfold amplification was correlated with high levels
      of expression of normal size c-myb messenger RNA and with chromosomal
      abnormalities in the region 6q22 -24, where the c-myb locus is normally located.
      Amplification and cytogenetic abnormalities were detected in DNA's from primary
      and secondary cultures of ML cells, suggesting that they may have contributed to
      leukemogenesis. The similar AML cell lines HL-60 and ML's contain different
      amplified oncogenes: c-myc and c-myb, respectively. Alternative activation of
      structurally and possibly functionally similar oncogenes may distinguish--at the
      pathogenetic level--phenotypically similar tumors.

PMID- 6585958
TI  - [The plastic deformation of the underlying palatal mucosa during the supporting
      stress of denture wearing].

PMID- 6585959
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the odonto-gingival junction of Japanese monkeys (Macaca
      fuscata)].

PMID- 6585960
TI  - [The influence of a gluten diet and its components on nutrition and the
      development of dental caries in rats].

PMID- 6585961
TI  - [Clinical observations on the condition of the gingiva of the remaining teeth in
      cases of upper removable partial dentures].

PMID- 6585962
TI  - [A case of calcified tuberculous submandibular lymphadenitis with no subjective
      symptoms].

PMID- 6585963
TI  - [Correlation between grip strength and occlusal pressure in edentulous subjects].

PMID- 6585964
TI  - [Properties of afferent impulses in sensory units innervating the sublingual and
      the submandibular ducts of cats].

PMID- 6585965
TI  - [Experimental studies on the acute toxicity of fluoride compounds].

PMID- 6585966
TI  - [A case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland with differential
      diagnosis].

PMID- 6585967
TI  - Case report 267. Diagnosis: post-radiation osteosarcoma left innominate bone with
      pulmonary metastasis arising from irradiated site of a previously diagnosed and
      treated lymphoma of bone (left innominate bone).

PMID- 6585968
TI  - Localization of cloned mouse chromosome 7-specific DNA to lethal albino
      deletions.
AB  - Mouse chromosome X- and 7-specific DNA fragments have been isolated from a
      recombinant DNA library enriched for X(7) chromosome sequences. The library was
      enriched by flow sorting the X(7) chromosome, a derivation of the Cattanach
      translocation, prior to library construction. A DNA fragment was found to be
      located in a region deleted in newborn mice doubly heterozygous for the two
      albino deletions c3H and c6H in chromosome 7. These chromosome-specific DNA
      fragments will be useful for studying X inactivation spreading in the X-autosome
      translocation (T(X;7) 1 Ct) and for investigating the developmental effects of
      the lethal albino deletions.

PMID- 6585969
TI  - Assignment of the human MARS gene, encoding methioninyl-tRNA synthetase, to
      chromosome 12 using human X Chinese hamster cell hybrids.
AB  - We have isolated interspecific somatic cell hybrids between a temperature
      sensitive Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell methioninyl -tRNA synthetase mutant
      and human peripheral leukocytes. The hybrids were selected at 39 degrees C which
      requires the retention and expression of the human gene, MARS , which complements
      the defective CHO gene. In vitro heat-inactivation experiments on the methioninyl
      -tRNA synthetase activity in cell-free extracts from heat-resistant hybrids
      indicate that the human form of this enzyme and, therefore, the human MARS gene
      is present in hybrid cells. Cytogenetic analysis of three independent temperature
      resistant hybrids revealed the presence of a single human chromosome, number 12.
      Two other independent hybrids examined contained human chromosome 12 as well as a
      second human chromosome. Electrophoretic analysis of extracts from hybrid cell
      lines for a human chromosome 12 marker isozyme, LDH-B, showed a pattern of
      heterotetrameric bands consistent with the presence of the human form of this
      enzyme in these cells. The correlation between the presence of the human form of
      methioninyl -tRNA synthetase and human chromosome 12 in temperature-resistant
      hybrids indicates that the human MARS locus is located on this chromosome.

PMID- 6585970
TI  - Assignment of low-molecular-weight human (2', 5')A synthetase to chromosome 11.
AB  - Human low-molecular-weight (2', 5')A synthetase is induced in certain human X
      mouse somatic hybrid cell lines when these cells are treated with mouse
      interferon. We have assigned the gene coding for this interferon-inducible
      antiviral enzyme to human chromosome 11 by somatic cell genetic techniques (1).
      Fluorescence-activated cell sorting for cells expressing or lacking 4F2 antigen
      in two independently derived, chromosome 11-containing hybrid cell lines
      separated the cells into subpopulations of cells that had retained or segregated
      chromosome 11, respectively (2). We used these subpopulations to confirm our gene
      assignment by demonstrating that retention of chromosome 11 was required for
      expression of human (2', 5')A synthetase.

PMID- 6585971
TI  - Origin, transmission, and segregation of mitochondrial DNA dimers in mouse hybrid
      and cybrid cell lines.
AB  - Hybrid and cybrid progeny lines were constructed from mouse LA9 cells which
      contain almost exclusively mtDNA monomers and LDTK cells which contain only
      unicircular mtDNA dimers. The proportion of mtDNA monomers and dimers in the
      progeny lines was determined both as a function of the number of population
      doublings since fusion and of selection for expression of a mutant phenotype
      encoded on one of the parental mtDNAs. There was no preferential segregation of
      either parental mtDNA in early-passage progeny lines, irrespective of whether or
      not selection was applied. In marked contrast, there was an accumulation of mtDNA
      dimers in late-passage progeny lines maintained in the absence of selection for a
      drug-resistance marker carried by the parental mtDNA monomers. When such
      selection was applied, roughly equal mass proportions of both parental mtDNAs
      were maintained in most lines. However, in several progeny lines, new types of
      mtDNA dimers carrying the selected resistance marker initially encoded in the
      monomeric mtDNA were present. In some of these latter lines, the new mtDNA dimers
      apparently arose from LA9 monomers, possibly by recombination. It is hypothesized
      that mammalian mitochondria normally have a recombination system which maintains
      low steady-state levels of mtDNA unicircular oligomers by preferentially
      resolving dimers into two monomers.

PMID- 6585972
TI  - Chromosomal rearrangements and gene expression in CHO cells: mapping of alleles
      for eight enzyme loci on CHO chromosomes Z3, Z4, Z5, and Z7.
AB  - Analysis of CHO electrophoretic mobility shift mutants for six enzyme loci ( LDHA
      , GAA, IDH2 , ME1, PGM3, and MPI) that have been previously mapped to Chinese
      hamsters chromosomes 3 and 4 indicated that each of these loci, with the
      exception of IDH2 , are functionally dizygous in CHO. Segregation analysis of CHO
      X mouse somatic cell hybrids allowed regional gene mapping assignments for a
      total of eight Chinese hamster chromosome 3- or 4-derived marker loci (the above
      six, plus APRT and PKM2) to CHO chromosomes Z3 , Z4 , Z5 , and Z7 . For seven of
      these enzyme loci (all but IDH2 ), two alleles are expressed in CHO cells, each
      segregating with a different Z-group chromosome. These gene mapping assignments
      confirm genetically that CHO chromosomes Z3 , Z4 , Z5 , and Z7 are, in fact,
      derived from Chinese hamster chromosomes 3 and 4, and provide insight into the
      effects of chromosomal rearrangements on gene expression and hemizygosity in CHO
      cells.

PMID- 6585973
TI  - Two cell-surface markers for human chromosome 1 in interspecies hybrids.
AB  - Monoclonal antibodies AbAJ9 and AbT87 define two distinct human cell-surface
      antigen systems (1, 2). Both antibodies react with a wide variety of cultured
      human cell types but not with rodent cell lines. AbAJ9 identifies a glycoprotein
      of 140,000 mol wt and AbT87 identifies a glycoprotein of 60,000 mol wt. The
      genetic control of antigen expression was studied in rodent-human somatic cell
      hybrids containing different subsets of the entire human chromosome complement,
      using an immune rosetting assay for serological analysis and hybrid selection.
      The presence of human chromosome 1 was found to be both necessary and sufficient
      for expression of antigens AJ9 and T87 in hybrid cells. Two independent gene loci
      on chromosome 1, designated MSK -1 for AJ9 and MSK -2 for T87 , control the
      expression of these antigens. We have assigned MSK -1 to region 1 cen-p22 and MSK
      -2 to region 1q32 -qter, using hybrids containing only fragments of human
      chromosome 1.

PMID- 6585974
TI  - Glutathione-S-transferase gene mapped to chromosome 11 is GST3 not GST1.

PMID- 6585975
TI  - Some observations on the use of midazolam in conscious sedation.

PMID- 6585977
TI  - Updating the benzodiazepines.

PMID- 6585976
TI  - A typical fatality.

PMID- 6585978
TI  - [Significant changes in the vascular network of the articular disc].

PMID- 6585979
TI  - [From my notes on oral surgery (1)].

PMID- 6585980
TI  - [On the clinical diagnosis of carious dentin].

PMID- 6585981
TI  - [The effects of infected carious dentin left under restorations on the dental
      pulp].

PMID- 6585982
TI  - [Pulp exposure, its diagnosis and treatments].

PMID- 6585983
TI  - [Occlusal guidance; its timing and orthodontic treatment (1)].

PMID- 6585984
TI  - [Occlusal diagnosis in clinical dentistry].

PMID- 6585985
TI  - [Clinical application of reflectance spectrophotometry for periodontal disease].

PMID- 6585986
TI  - [Analysis of "Medical Economy, 1981"].

PMID- 6585988
TI  - [HBs antigen positive and HBs antibody positive results among the interning
      students in the Department of Dentistry. Result of RIA analysis].

PMID- 6585987
TI  - [Dental diseases in schoolchildren].

PMID- 6585990
TI  - [Fatal strongyloidiasis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6585991
TI  - [Myelofibrosis with dermal myeloid metaplasia. Presentation of a case].

PMID- 6585989
TI  - [Clinical tests of suprofen in orodental surgery].

PMID- 6585992
TI  - Mercury in hospital dentistry.

PMID- 6585993
TI  - Dentistry in the hospital setting.

PMID- 6585994
TI  - Efficacy of tissue brushing as measured by the prosthodontic tissue index.

PMID- 6585995
TI  - Extending dental insurance through retirement.

PMID- 6585996
TI  - Management of periapical lesions in endodontically treated teeth. A study on
      clinical decision making.
AB  - Alternative actions available in a certain clinical situation can be built up as
      a decision tree. An example of a decision tree with possible alternatives in the
      clinical management of an endodontically treated tooth with periapical lesion is
      shown in the present study. Five alternative actions were distinguished: no
      therapy indicated, wait 12 months, endodontic retreatment, periapical surgery and
      extraction. Thirty-five chief dental officers from the Public Dental Health
      Organization in Sweden examined 33 endodontically treated teeth with periapical
      lesions. Large interindividual variations in attitudes to treatment of
      asymptomatic periapical lesions were recorded. In no case was one particular
      decision shared by all examiners. The number of teeth suggested for therapy
      (endodontic retreatment, periapical surgery or extraction) had an interexaminer
      range enclosing seven to 26 cases. The decision making is discussed in view of
      published literature and reasons to the interexaminer variations are speculated
      on.

PMID- 6585997
TI  - Radiation absorbed doses in cephalography.
AB  - Radiation absorbed doses to different organs in the head and neck region in
      lateral (LAT) and postero-anterior (PA) cephalography were investigated. The
      doses were measured by thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD) on a tissue equivalent
      phantom head. Lanthanide screens in speed group 4 were used at 90 and 85 kVp. A
      near-focus aluminium dodger was used and the radiation beam was collimated
      strictly to the face. The maximum entrance dose from LAT was 0.25 mGy and 0.42
      mGy from a PA exposure. The doses to the salivary glands ranged between 0.2 and
      0.02 mGy at LAT and between 0.15 and 0.04 mGy at PA exposures. The average
      thyroid gland dose without any shielding was 0.11 mGy (LAT) and 0.06 mGy (PA).
      When a dodger was used the dose was reduced to 0.07 mGy (LAT). If the thyroid
      gland was shielded off, the dose was further reduced to 0.01 mGy and if the
      thyroid region was collimated out of the primary radiation field the dose was
      reduced to only 0.005 mGy.

PMID- 6585999
TI  - Dentists in uniform. The Navy Dental Corps.

PMID- 6585998
TI  - Oral health in coeliac disease and cow's milk protein intolerance.
AB  - The oral health of 24 children and adolescents, 19 with coeliac disease (CD) and
      5 with cow's milk protein intolerance (CMPI) were compared with that of 24
      randomly selected paired controls. Mineralisation disorders in the form of
      hypoplasias and/or opacities occurred in 74% of the cases of CD and 68% of their
      controls. All 5 cases with CMPI had mineralisation disorders, as did 2 of their
      controls. The disorders usually took the form of opacities, and both these and
      the hypoplasias were of a mild nature in all the groups. Serious hypoplasias did
      not occur at all. The caries status was, on average, better in the CD and CMPI
      groups than in the controls. Recurrent oral lesions occurred with almost the same
      frequency in the intolerance groups and in the controls. The study, therefore,
      gave no clear evidence that CD or CMPI involves a significant risk of poorer oral
      health, provided adequate paediatric and dental care is given.

PMID- 6586000
TI  - Effects of nifedipine on renal vascular responses to vasoactive agents in
      rabbits.
AB  - The present study was designed to investigate the effects of the Ca-antagonist,
      nifedipine, on receptor-mediated renal vascular responses to vasoconstrictors
      (angiotensin II, norepinephrine and vasopressin) and vasodilators (bradykinin and
      prostaglandin E2). Renal blood flow was estimated by noncannulating
      electromagnetic flowmetry in anesthetized rabbits. Vasoactive substances were
      infused directly into the renal artery. After the intravenous administration of
      nifedipine (50 micrograms/kg), decreases in renal blood flow in response to
      angiotensin II infused at rates of 2.5, 5 and 10 ng/kg/min were attenuated by 64%
      (p less than 0.01), 45% (p less than 0.05) and 42% (p less than 0.05),
      respectively. Decreases in renal blood flow in response to vasopressin infused at
      rates of 10, 20 and 50 mU/kg/min were also attenuated by nifedipine, 50% (p less
      than 0.05), 57% (p less than 0.05) and 38% (p less than 0.05), respectively.
      However, renal vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine (25, 50 and 100
      ng/kg/min) did not change significantly after the administration of nifedipine.
      Increases in renal blood flow induced by the intrarenal infusion of bradykinin
      (2.5, 5 and 10 ng/kg/min) and prostaglandin E2 (20, 50 and 100 ng/kg/min) were
      not affected by nifedipine. These results suggest that receptor-mediated
      vasoconstrictor responses of the renal vascular bed to angiotensin II and
      vasopressin are produced mainly by Ca++ influx but that of norepinephrine is not.
      Furthermore, it is confirmed that the renal vasodilator effect of bradykinin and
      prostaglandin E2 is not altered by nifedipine in anesthetized rabbits.

PMID- 6586001
TI  - The clinical manifestations of oral lichen planus.

PMID- 6586002
TI  - Cephalometric analysis of a group Cape coloureds.

PMID- 6586004
TI  - The role of the oral hygienist in public dental services.

PMID- 6586003
TI  - The Dental Association of South Africa and the dental therapist.

PMID- 6586005
TI  - Antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis.

PMID- 6586007
TI  - Hypoxia; metabolism and regulatory mechanisms in different organs and different
      clinical conditions. Advanced training course, Uppsala, March 8-12, 1982.
      Abstracts.

PMID- 6586006
TI  - HLA and cancer.

PMID- 6586008
TI  - [The present incidence of HLA-B and C antigens and certain cross reacting HLA-A
      and B antigens. Frequency of incidence in Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 6586010
TI  - Differential diagnosis and therapy of hypokalemia.

PMID- 6586009
TI  - Advances in diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.

PMID- 6586011
TI  - Ultrasonic diagnosis of trophoblastic disease: molar gestation.

PMID- 6586012
TI  - Pericardial effusion in thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura.

PMID- 6586013
TI  - [Symposium on conventional, medium-dose and high-dose methotrexate therapy. 6 May
      1983, Graz. Report on an interdisciplinary oncology work session for hospital
      physicians and physicians in specialty and general practice. With the scientific
      cooperation of the Oncology Study Group at the Graz provincial hospital].

PMID- 6586014
TI  - [Relations between immunoglobulin genes and malignant transformation. 2].

PMID- 6586015
TI  - [Incidence of malignant lymphoma and leukemias in East Germany].
AB  - On the basis of the data of the National Cancer Registry of the GDR from 1964 to
      1977 the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the lymphatic and haematopoietic
      tissues are investigated. A slight increase from period A (1964-1966) to period B
      (1968-1972) and a general increase of the number of diseases at oldest age from
      1964 to 1977 refers to an improved quality of the diagnostics and registration.
      In the leukaemias in childhood and adolescence shifts from the myeloic to the
      lymphatic leukaemia are found which are attributed to the exacter classification.
      Altogether there are no references to an increased risk of falling ill with
      malignant lymphomas and leukaemias in the period of the report.

PMID- 6586016
TI  - Saudia Arabia: the country, culture, and dental education.

PMID- 6586017
TI  - Retrograde gold filling: a comparative study of zinc free amalgam and malleable
      gold.

PMID- 6586018
TI  - The ultimate dental office employee.

PMID- 6586019
TI  - [Infections in the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6586020
TI  - [Treatment with antibiotics in the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6586021
TI  - [Surgical treatment of abscesses].

PMID- 6586023
TI  - [Problems in the surgical treatment of chronic apical periodontitis].

PMID- 6586022
TI  - [Planning of surgical procedures in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6586024
TI  - [Observation of the oral mucosa for early diagnosis of malignant disease].

PMID- 6586025
TI  - [Symptoms of carcinoma in the mouth].

PMID- 6586026
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of tumorous changes of the jaws].

PMID- 6586027
TI  - [Ambulatory management of injuries of the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6586028
TI  - [Evaluation of bodily injuries and the interpretation of the criminal code of the
      Socialist Republic of Slovenia].

PMID- 6586029
TI  - [Dentitan - a baked cobalt-chromium based alloy. Development - properties -
      experiences].

PMID- 6586030
TI  - [Clinical significance of caries progression in childhood].

PMID- 6586032
TI  - [Dynamic adhesion loading of the IK-blade implant and examination of adhesion
      compression].

PMID- 6586031
TI  - [Toxicity testing of filling materials in rabbits].

PMID- 6586033
TI  - [A customized matrix].

PMID- 6586034
TI  - [Differences between patient and dentist].

PMID- 6586035
TI  - [KETAC-FIL].

PMID- 6586036
TI  - Factors affecting quantitative transformation of streptomycin resistance markers
      in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.
AB  - Quantitative transformation of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus BD4-Ss exposed to
      autologous DNA in a liquid system was examined with streptomycin resistance as a
      marker. The exposure to DNA was terminated by addition of DNase at set intervals.
      The variables tested were concentrations of autologous Sr-DNA, exposure time,
      growth phase, recipient cell density, and the pH of the liquid transformation
      system. The ratio of transformants to total number of recipient cells (T/R-ratio)
      was proportional to the DNA concentration up to a level of about 10
      micrograms/ml. There was a constant increase of transformant numbers upon time of
      exposure. The T/R ratio was highest at the early growth phase, but the total
      number of transformed cells per ml culture aliquot was only raised by a factor
      approximately 10 from the earlier to the later growth phases and non increase was
      observed in recipients grown for more than 3 hours. There was a marked
      relationship between the relative number of transformants per total number of
      recipients in that the T/R-ratio was markedly higher with fewer cells per ml in
      the transformation broth system where exposure to DNA occurred. The
      transformation was higher at a pH of 7.3 than 7.0. The results enabled definition
      of the optimal test system for quantitative transformation of A. calcoaceticus
      with the strain BD4 as recipient.

PMID- 6586037
TI  - Taxonomic implications of quantitative transformation in Acinetobacter
      calcoaceticus.
AB  - Quantitative transformation of streptomycin resistance marker was carried out
      with strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. Standard recipient strain was the
      competent BD4-Ss. Transformation proceeded in a liquid system with a
      concentration of 20 micrograms/ml of streptomycin resistant DNA (Sr-DNA) from
      BD4, 17 reference strains of Acinetobacter, and 42 recent clinical isolates of
      the acid forming variant (anitratus) and 12 of the non-acid forming variant
      (lwoffi) as donors of Sr-DNA. The exposure time was 20 min before interruption
      with DNase and quantitated plating. Among the strains examined were
      differentiated 16 biotypes as based on oxidative acid production from glucose and
      lactose, haemolysis, urease, gelatinase, and growth with citrate as the sole
      carbon source. Autologous transformation gave a transformation of 2.94 (+/-
      0.66)% of the recipient cells (quantitated by colony forming units). Sr-DNA from
      50 of 63 strains were able to transform BD4-Ss. The transformation ratio was 0.06
      6.4% of autologous BD4 transformation. Two further recent clinical isolates were
      weakly transformation competent. Competence was only found in autologous
      transformation. The major portion (50/63) of the strains belong to the BD4
      genotype of A. calcoaceticus, but the taxonomic position of the 13 non-donors in
      respect to BD4 could not be evaluated by transformation because of lack of a
      competent recipient. The strains transforming BD4 belonged to both the glucose
      acidifyers and the non-acidifyers without genetic distinction. The results are
      consistent with recognition of both as belonging to the same species, but with
      their recognition as species variants: A calcoaceticus var, anitratum and A.
      calcoaceticus var. lwoffi.

PMID- 6586038
TI  - [Clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of McArdle's glycogenosis].
AB  - On the basis of the data obtained by examining five patients with MacArdle 's
      glycogenosis, the authors identified the features of the clinical course of the
      illness, specified its individual forms and determined criteria for its
      differential diagnosis in relation to various phenocopies. Histochemical
      investigation of biopsy specimens of muscular tissue revealed glycogen
      accumulation but failed to show any muscular phosphorylase activity. The
      principal therapeutic methods are outlined.

PMID- 6586040
TI  - Diabetes mellitus type II. Proceedings of a symposium in Stockholm, April 14-15,
      1983.

PMID- 6586039
TI  - [Generalized tic (Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome) in twins].
AB  - Two pairs of monozygotic twins with tic hyperkinesis are described. One pair
      manifested a clinical picture of generalized tic (Gilles de la Tourette's
      disease), the other generalized and local tic. These observations may point to an
      involvement of hereditary factors in the genesis of generalized tic and to the
      similarity of the pathogenetic mechanisms of local and generalized tics.

PMID- 6586041
TI  - Diabetes mellitus type 2.

PMID- 6586042
TI  - Functional and biochemical alterations during differentiation of human
      granulocytes.

PMID- 6586043
TI  - Differentiation and proliferation of leukemic progenitor cells.

PMID- 6586044
TI  - Enhancement of human leukemic colony formation by mature granulocytes and
      autologous leukemic cells.

PMID- 6586045
TI  - Comparison between normal and leukemic colony-forming cells in vitro.

PMID- 6586046
TI  - Hematopoietic stem cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia: abnormalities and
      behaviour.

PMID- 6586047
TI  - Cytogenetic studies on hemopoietic precursor cells in chronic myelogenous
      leukemia.

PMID- 6586048
TI  - Outcome of first delivery after 2nd trimester two-stage induced abortion. A
      controlled historical cohort study.
AB  - In a historical cohort study the outcome of the first birth after a legal 2nd
      trimester two-stage abortion induced with saline or prostaglandin F2 alpha was
      evaluated for 142 nulliparous and 65 parous women. The birth-outcome was compared
      with that for 180 parity-matched control women and for all women in Sweden 1975.
      No statistically significant differences were disclosed with regard to means of
      infants' birthweight and length of gestation, or to occurrence of low birthweight
      (LBW) infants and preterm deliveries. The nulliparous women with a previously
      induced abortion tended, however, to have more LBW-infants than did the other
      nulliparae . More LBW-infants were born to the 29 nulliparae with a previous
      abortion induced with prostaglandin than to the 113 nulliparae having abortions
      induced with saline (p = 0.11); otherwise no noteworthy differences were found in
      the birth-outcome for the 39 women with a previous abortion induced by
      prostaglandin, compared with the 168 having abortions induced by saline.

PMID- 6586049
TI  - Recurrent herpetic keratitis and HLA antigens.
AB  - A non-selected group of 50 patients with recurrent herpetic keratitis,
      subclassified into groups of stromal or epithelial forms was typed for HLA-ABC
      antigens. In none of the groups was a statistically significant association to a
      certain HLA antigen found. When these data are combined with other reviewed
      reports on HLA types in recurrent herpetic keratitis, a statistically significant
      association between HLA-B5 and the whole group of recurrent herpetic keratitis,
      as well as between the subgroup of recurrent stromal keratitis, could be
      demonstrated. Recurrent epithelial keratitis showed an insignificant association
      to this antigen.

PMID- 6586050
TI  - Loosening of the femoral component of the ICLH double cup hip prosthesis. A
      biomechanical investigation with reference to clinical results.
AB  - The cancellous bone in the proximity of the rim of the ICLH femoral cup may not
      only be subjected to an axial stress that is about three times the value
      physiologically encountered, but the cup also tends to move transversally away
      from the medial bone margin in this area. Hence, fracture of the trabecular
      structure in this area can occur, accompanied by cleavage formation. Across the
      gap which thus forms between cement and bone, the mating surfaces that are now no
      longer joined, probably move relative to each other with every subsequent walking
      cycle. This relative motion leads to bone resorption and the development of a
      thick intermediate layer of fibrous connective tissue that spreads until
      eventually the whole cup becomes loosened. In the meantime the bone further
      proximal probably undergoes atrophy due to mechanical inactivity. This
      presentation includes a biomechanical analysis which might explain the
      discouraging observations made in a series of forty-three implantations carried
      out between 1976 and 1979 in our clinic.

PMID- 6586051
TI  - Injuries to car occupants--some aspects of the interior safety of cars. A study
      of a five-year material from an insurance company.
AB  - The purpose of this monograph is to describe trends in the interior safety of
      cars in terms of the frequency and severity of injuries among the car occupants,
      especially the drivers. Special references are made to the influence of the
      weight of the car, the starting year of production of the car, and some safety
      devices such as safety belts and head rest fittings. The material comprises all
      accident-involved private cars reported to an insurance company during a five
      year period. The total number of such cars was 339,675 in which 8,592 drivers and
      5,469 passengers were injured or killed. This represents approximately one-fourth
      of all accident-involved cars reported to insurance companies during a five-year
      period in Sweden. Data which are normally stored in the insurance files have been
      supplemented with data concerning car weight and starting year of production of
      the cars. In injury-producing accidents hospital records and doctors'
      certificates were available in the majority of cases, as well as reports from the
      police investigations. All data were computerised. An additive regression model
      was used to determine the influence of car weight, starting year of production of
      the car model, age of the car, safety belt usage and fitting of head rests, on
      the frequency of injuries. Data concerning car occupants with permanent medical
      disability and financial disability were specially investigated to gain
      information on what type of injuries lead to major problems in later years. A
      sample of car occupants with head injuries was investigated to study the
      frequency of problems remaining in later years. The main conclusions reached are
      that the weight of the striking car as well as of the struck car influences the
      injury frequency and severity of injuries among drivers. The knowledge of impact
      biomechanics accumulated since the middle of the sixties seems to have improved
      the interior safety of cars. The results of the regression analysis implied that
      some of the small new cars have the same safety level as large old ones. Safety
      belt usage diminishes the severity of injuries and the risk of fatalities and it
      is proposed that the use of safety belts should also be compulsory in the rear
      seat.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6586052
TI  - Otitis media and eustachian tube caliber.
AB  - Clinical data supported the hypothesis that most otitis media requiring surgery
      is part of a life-long bilateral process that correlates with small mastoid air
      system, and with a bougie-assessable large eustachian tube. Cleft palate, even in
      the microform of cleft uvula, was an indicator of large eustachian tube (p less
      than 0.001). The 1.48 mm mean eustachian tube caliber of the otitis patients was
      larger (p less than 0.001) than the 0.73 mm mean of the reference eustachian
      tubes. Eustachian tube caliber was not a correlate of age or sex. Comparatively
      small caliber eustachian tubes were associated with trauma-caused tympanic
      membrane perforation (p less than 0.01), and middle ear effusion in allergic
      airway disease patients (p less than 0.05). Large eustachian tube caliber seemed
      a reliable correlate of the spectrum of manifestations of chronic otitis media.

PMID- 6586053
TI  - Comparative ototoxicity of four aminoglycosidic antibiotics during the critical
      period of cochlear development in the rat. A functional and structural study.
AB  - The comparative ototoxicity of four aminoglycosides (amikacin, dibekacin,
      gentamicin and tobramycin) was evaluated in the rat during the critical period of
      cochlear development. Newborn rats received a daily subcutaneous injection of one
      of the four antibiotics for 8 consecutive days, starting on day 8 after birth
      (amikacin: 225 mg/kg, dibekacin: 60 mg/kg, gentamicin and tobramycin: 45 mg/kg).
      Evaluation of ototoxicity was assessed one month after the end of the treatment
      using cochlear recordings (action potential and cochlear microphonic), surface
      preparations and scanning electron microscopy. No functional or structural
      evidence of ototoxicity was found in animals treated with dibekacin. Tobramycin
      had a weak ototoxic effect characterized by a slight increase in N1 latency and
      moderate damage to OHC stereocilia (fusion and formation of giant cilia).
      Gentamicin-treated animals demonstrated more severe evidence of ototoxicity
      including increased thresholds for CM, and a higher incidence of missing hair
      cells and damage to OHC stereocilia. The maximal cochlear damage was observed in
      amikacin-treated animals: both AP and CM thresholds were severely impaired, cell
      counts and SEM showed extensive loss of hair cells.

PMID- 6586054
TI  - Intracerebral grafting of neuronal cell suspensions. I. Introduction and general
      methods of preparation.
AB  - The steps involved in the grafting of mesencephalic and septal embryonic tissue
      in the form of dissociated cell suspensions are described in detail. This
      includes dissection of the donor embryos, incubation in trypsin, mechanical
      dissociation, and stereotaxic injection into the brains of adult recipient rats.
      Some of the technical problems and limitations are discussed.

PMID- 6586055
TI  - Intracerebral grafting of neuronal cell suspensions. VI. Survival and growth of
      intrahippocampal implants of septal cell suspensions.
AB  - The survival and growth of intrahippocampal septal suspension grafts were
      investigated by acetylcholine esterase (AChE) histochemistry in animals with
      lesions of the intrinsic septohippocampal cholinergic pathways. AChE was
      demonstrable in the grafts after the first postoperative week, and AChE-positive
      fibres were seen to extend into the host hippocampus by 3 weeks. Rapid fibre
      outgrowth occurred between 3 weeks and 3 months after grafting, and continued at
      a slower rate thereafter. By 6 months a fairly complete reinnervation of the
      initially denervated hippocampus was achieved in most specimens, and this
      persisted at 14 months, the longest postoperative time analysed. A comparison
      between the development of the AChE-positive neurones in the suspension grafts
      with that seen during ontogeny in situ suggested that the grafted neurones lagged
      behind normal development by at least 1 week. Similar to our previous
      observations on septal grafts implanted as solid tissue pieces, the pattern of
      the newly-formed AChE-positive innervation in the host hippocampal formation,
      established from the septal suspension grafts, was remarkably similar to that of
      the normal AChE-positive septal innervation. This pattern became established as
      soon as the graft-derived fibres first grew in, suggesting that the ingrowing
      axons extended and ramified preferentially into those hippocampal subfields which
      normally receive an AChE-positive innervation from the septal-diagonal band area.

PMID- 6586056
TI  - Intracerebral grafting of neuronal cell suspensions. VII. Recovery of choline
      acetyltransferase activity and acetylcholine synthesis in the denervated
      hippocampus reinnervated by septal suspension implants.
AB  - The time-course and magnitude of fibre outgrowth from septal suspension grafts
      injected into the previously denervated hippocampal formation was monitored by
      measurements of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and the activity of the grafted
      neurons was assessed by measurements of [14C]acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis from
      [14C]glucose in vitro. Graft-derived ChAT activity was barely detectable 10 days
      after grafting, but increased sharply between 10 days and 1 month in the areas of
      the hippocampus located close to the septal implants. By 6 months ChAT activity
      was restored to near normal levels in all segments of the previously denervated
      hippocampus. The overall hippocampal [14C]ACh synthesis was also restored to
      normal levels in the grafted animals, and estimates of the ACh turnover rate
      suggested that the transmitter machinery of the newly established "septo
      hippocampal" connections operated at a rate similar to that of the intrinsic
      septohippocampal pathway. The intrahippocampal septal suspension grafts, similar
      to the intrastriatal nigral grafts, thus seem to be capable of maintaining
      function at a relatively "physiological" level despite their abnormal positions.

PMID- 6586057
TI  - Intracerebral grafting of neuronal cell suspensions. VIII. Survival and growth of
      implants of nigral and septal cell suspensions in intact brains of aged rats.
AB  - Neuronal cell suspensions prepared from the ventral mesencephalon and the septal
      diagonal band area of rat embryos were implanted into the depth of the intact
      neostriatum or hippocampus of 21-23 month old female rats. Graft survival,
      assessed 3-4 months after grafting, was comparable to that seen in our previous
      studies of young adult recipients. Fibre outgrowth into the host brain was
      evaluated in animals which were subjected to lesions of the intrinsic
      nigrostriatal or septohippocampal system 6-10 days before killing. Dense dopamine
      fibre outgrowth was seen within a zone of up to about 1 mm radius around the
      nigral implants, and dense growth of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) positive
      fibres occurred up to about 2 mm away from the septal implants. The overall
      magnitude of fibre outgrowth was less than that generally seen in previously
      denervated targets in young adult recipients, but it appeared to be as extensive
      as in young recipients when the grafts are placed in non-denervated targets. The
      distribution of the AChE-positive fibres from the septal implants in the host
      hippocampus suggested that the pattern found in the non-denervated target of the
      aged recipients was more diffuse, and partly different, from normal, and that age
      dependent synapse loss in intrinsic connections may influence the patterning of
      the graft-derived innervation.

PMID- 6586058
TI  - Intracerebral grafting of neuronal cell suspensions. II. Survival and growth of
      nigral cell suspensions implanted in different brain sites.
AB  - Dissociated dopamine-rich cell suspensions were prepared from the ventral
      mesencephalon of rat embryos and injected in one or several sites in striatal and
      non-striatal regions in the dopaminergically denervated brain of adult rats.
      While the grafts survived well in all sites, the dopamine fibre outgrowth was
      markedly different depending on whether the grafts occurred in an area normally
      innervated by the mesencephalic dopamine neurones (i.e. neostriatum or nc.
      accumbens) or in areas not normally innervated by these neurones (i.e. parietal
      cortex, lateral hypothalamus or substantia nigra). Moreover, in grafts placed at
      different sites along the trajectory of the nigrostriatal pathway the outgrowing
      fibres remained confined to the graft, and there was little evidence that the
      implanted neurones could elongate their axons along the pathway of the
      nigrostriatal tract to reach the striatum from a distance. Thus, the
      intracerebral suspension grafts provided efficient reinnervation of a denervated
      target only when placed in the immediate vicinity of the target area. The results
      of multiple graft placements indicate that a relatively complete restoration of a
      lost innervation should be possible to achieve in large areas of the brain, such
      as the striatal complex, with the suspension grafting technique.

PMID- 6586059
TI  - The activity of adenosine desaminase in serum and leukocytes of leukemic
      patients.

PMID- 6586060
TI  - Effects of 3-deazaguanosine and 3-deazaguanine on the growth and maturation of
      the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60.

PMID- 6586061
TI  - 6-mercaptopurine: pharmacokinetics in animals and preliminary results in
      children.

PMID- 6586062
TI  - Influence of cytostatics on ATP-levels of leukemic cells.

PMID- 6586063
TI  - Thymidine sensitivity and deoxynucleotide pools of human lymphoid and melanoma
      cells in vitro.

PMID- 6586064
TI  - Reflections on 'starting over'.

PMID- 6586066
TI  - Nippon Dental University: a visitor reports.

PMID- 6586065
TI  - Military and civilian patients: some contrasts in motivation.

PMID- 6586067
TI  - Dentistry, the universal language.

PMID- 6586068
TI  - Modifying oral hygiene behavior: causes, effects, and rewards.

PMID- 6586069
TI  - Test of dust helmet for foundry workers.

PMID- 6586070
TI  - Workplace protection factor measurements on powered air-purifying respirators at
      a secondary lead smelter--test protocol.
AB  - A study was conducted at a secondary smelter to evaluate the workplace
      performance of the 3M Model W-344 and Racal Model AH3 powered air-purifying
      respirators ( PAPR ) equipped with helmets and high efficiency filters. The
      research protocol developed for obtaining leakage measurements in the field
      provides for proper respirator fitting, use, wear, maintenance and worker
      supervision, all of which are problems commonly associated with data acquisition
      when field testing respirators. The protocol proved to be very workable, even
      though it required extensive worker and equipment monitoring. Based upon the
      successful implementation of this protocol, the performance of these PAPRs should
      be indicative of their best performance under the workplace conditions
      experienced in this study. This research protocol is proposed as a model for
      conducting field studies on other types of respirators as well as the basis on
      which to develop new and improved field test procedures. The results of one such
      study are presented in a comparison paper.

PMID- 6586071
TI  - Auer rods in mature granulocytes: a unique morphologic feature of acute
      myelogenous leukemia with maturation.
AB  - The authors observed Auer rods in mature neutrophils, bands, and metamyelocytes
      in two children with AML with maturation (FAB M2). In order to determine if this
      rare finding was characteristic of AML M2, the authors reviewed the bone marrows
      and peripheral blood smears of 50 children with AML M2 and 50 children with other
      AML subtypes (FAB M1, M3, M4, and M5). They found Auer rods in mature neutrophils
      and band forms in 10 of 50 patients (20%) with AML M2 but in none of 50 patients
      with non-M2 AML. This finding was not related to the frequency of mature cells in
      the specimen or to the frequency of Auer rods in blasts. Cytogenetics did not
      show a consistent abnormality. The presence of Auer rods in mature granulocytes
      is unique to FAB M2 AML in the authors' series and supports the concept that in
      AML at least some of the mature myeloid cells are involved in the leukemic
      process.

PMID- 6586072
TI  - Poland's syndrome associated with childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AB  - Poland's syndrome is a congenital absence of the sternal portion of the
      pectoralis major muscle, often associated with ipsilateral upper-limb anomalies.
      We describe two children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with Poland's
      syndrome, ie, an association between childhood cancer and congenital anomalies
      previously unreported and unlikely to be due to chance. In addition, we report
      another case of acute leukemia in a child with Poland's syndrome. In view of the
      rarity of Poland's syndrome in the general pediatric population, we conclude that
      there is an increased association of the syndrome with both leukemia and non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma, the biologic basis of which is unclear.

PMID- 6586073
TI  - Evidence for a 15;17 translocation in every patient with acute promyelocytic
      leukemia.
AB  - Cytogenetic specimens were obtained from blood or bone marrow in 27 patients with
      acute promyelocytic leukemia, including four with the microgranular variant. A
      15;17 translocation was identified in 21 to 100 percent of metaphase cells from
      all 27 patients. The structural rearrangement was identical in every case, and
      the breakpoints were assigned to 15q22 and 17q21.1. Twelve patients had complete
      remission, and two (both with the microgranular variant) have had unmaintained
      continuous remission longer than four years. These data indicate that the 15;17
      translocation may be found in every patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia if
      optimal chromosome analysis is performed.

PMID- 6586075
TI  - Laying siege to hospital privileges.

PMID- 6586074
TI  - Effect of protein-reduced diet on plasma lipids, apolipoproteins and lipolytic
      activities in patients with chronic renal failure.
AB  - The effect of treatment with protein-reduced diet on plasma lipids,
      apolipoproteins and lipolytic activities was studied in 15 patients with chronic
      renal failure. Mean treatment time was 7.4 months. Before treatment serum
      triglycerides were elevated as were the levels of apolipoprotein C-I and
      especially C-III. Postheparin plasma lipolytic activities were reduced. The
      treatment was effective in reducing the serum urea levels but had no significant
      influence on either plasma lipids, apolipoprotein levels or lipolytic activities.
      The abnormalities of lipid transport in chronic renal failure thus seem to be
      more dependent on loss of renal function than the degree of uremic intoxication.

PMID- 6586076
TI  - Maxillary traction splint: a cephalometric evaluation.
AB  - Orthodontists are particularly interested in knowing exactly what skeletal and
      dental changes are produced by headgear. With headgear and fixed appliances, part
      of the observed change is due to the headgear, part to the fixed appliances, and
      part to growth. Since the maxillary traction splint moves the teeth en masse, the
      dentoskeletal changes are due primarily to the headgear force. Selective
      mandibular dental changes can be produced by adjusting the mandibular occlusal
      contacts against the splint. In this study forty-seven patients with maxillary
      dentoalveolar protrusions and Class II, Division 1 malocclusions were treated
      with orthopedic headgear that attached to a full-coverage maxillary occlusal
      splint. Fifty-two patients were selected as a control for evaluation of growth
      changes versus treatment changes. Lateral cephalograms were taken before and
      after treatment, and the sagittal skeletal and dental changes were evaluated and
      quantified. The results of the investigation revealed (1) the establishment of a
      Class I posterior occlusion, (2) a significant overjet reduction, averaging 4.24
      mm, (3) inhibition of vertical development of the maxilla and slight intrusion of
      the maxillary dentition, (4) overbite reduction by leveling of the mandibular
      dentition, (5) no indication that mandibular growth is accelerated, and (6) no
      significant increase in the mandibular plane angle. The maxillary traction splint
      is an effective means of correcting maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion in growing
      patients prior to fixed appliance therapy. The second phase of treatment with
      fixed appliances is necessary for individual tooth positioning and for detailing
      the occlusion.

PMID- 6586077
TI  - Experimentally induced neuromuscular changes during and after nasal airway
      obstruction.
AB  - Neuromuscular changes were studied by electromyography in rhesus monkeys which
      adapted to nasal obstruction for 2 years and then in the succeeding year
      recovered to nasal respiration. Obstructing the nasal passage with silicone plugs
      induced specific behavioral responses which remained for the duration of nasal
      obstruction and were lost within 8 days after removal of the plugs. Animals
      demonstrated individual variations, but more than 80% consistently maintained a
      lower mandibular posture for the entire 2-year period. Rhythmic mandibular,
      tongue, and upper lip movements were evident in fewer than 60% of the animals.
      Certain craniofacial and tongue muscles (the genioglossus, dorsal tongue fibers,
      digastric, geniohyoid, dilator naris, and vertically oriented fibers of the
      superior orbicularis oris, that is, lip-elevator fibers) were recruited
      rhythmically and remained rhythmically active throughout the entire 2-year period
      of nasal obstruction. This rhythmic activity ceased within 1 week after removal
      of the nose plugs. A tonic or consistent discharge was also induced in the
      genioglossus, dorsal tongue fibers, the geniohyoid, superior orbicularis oris,
      and lip-elevator fibers over the entire 2 years of nasal obstruction. Not all
      muscles lost their tonic discharge after removal of the nasal plugs. The
      genioglossus, geniohyoid, inferior orbicularis oris, and lip-elevator fibers
      discharged tonically during the recovery period. These data suggest that nasal
      obstruction can induce neuromuscular changes which extend beyond the period of
      obstruction and remain after the original stimulus for neuromuscular change has
      been removed.

PMID- 6586078
TI  - Malocclusion at adolescence related to self-reported tooth loss and functional
      disorders in adulthood.
AB  - It has been argued that malocclusion may predispose to tooth loss and functional
      disorders of the masticatory system. It was the purpose of this study to examine
      relationships between untreated malocclusion, recorded at adolescence, and self
      reported tooth loss and functional disorders in adulthood. In 1965-66, the
      occurrence of morphologic traits of malocclusion was recorded in 977 Danish
      adolescents who did not have access to organized orthodontic care. Fifteen years
      later, 841 (86%) of these subjects responded to a questionnaire screening for
      tooth loss, symptoms involving the temporomandibular joints and muscles, and some
      other symptoms of dysfunction. The occurrence of malocclusion was related to the
      symptoms of the temporomandibular joints and muscles and other functional
      symptoms. Only a few significant coefficients of correlation were observed.
      Extreme maxillary overjet (greater than 9 mm) and frontal open bite showed
      significant correlations with unsatisfactory biting ability. Crossbite was
      correlated positively with speech defects but negatively with tenderness or
      fatigue of the cheeks; unilateral crossbite was associated with locking of the
      mandible. It was concluded that the untreated morphologic traits of malocclusion
      did not seem to predispose to tooth loss or functional disorders of the
      masticatory system as reported at the age of 30 years.

PMID- 6586079
TI  - Facial growth during treatment with the function regulator appliance.
AB  - Facial growth was examined in ten patients who had completed one year of
      treatment with the function regulator 2 (FR-2) as described by Frankel.
      Cephalometric headfilms taken before and one year into treatment were
      superimposed on stable structures in the anterior cranial base, and the
      qualitative changes were analyzed. The results showed that facial growth in most
      patients was mainly in the vertical plane, but considerable individual variations
      were seen. The maxilla generally became more retrognathic during treatment and
      showed backward rotation and posterior displacement in some patients. Marked
      individual variations were seen in the mandible. No indications were found that
      the FR-2 promoted forward growth of the mandible as used in this study (no
      notching of teeth and less than 5 mm of mandibular advancement). The improvement
      in dental occlusion observed was primarily due to changes in the vertical
      relationship between the jaws.

PMID- 6586080
TI  - Analysis of factors affecting angle ANB.
AB  - Cephalometric analyses based on angular and linear measurements have obvious
      fallacies, which have been discussed in detail by Moyers and Bookstein. However,
      the clinical application of such an analysis by the orthodontic profession in
      treatment planning is widely accepted. Variations of angle ANB are commonly used
      to determine relative jaw relationships in most of the cephalometric evaluations.
      Several authors, including points A and B influences angle ANB, as does
      rotational growth of the upper and lower jaws. In addition, the authors point out
      that growth in a vertical direction (distance N to B) and an increase of the
      dental height (distance A to B) may contribute to changes in angle ANB. For a
      Class I relation (Wits = 0 mm), a mathematical formula has been developed which
      enables the authors to study the geometric influence of angle ANB caused by the
      following four effects: (1) rotation of the jaws and/or occlusal plane relative
      to the anterior cranial base; (2) anteroposterior position of N relative to point
      B, (3) vertical growth (distance N to B); (4) increase in dental height (distance
      A to B). It was observed that, contrary to the common belief that an ANB angle of
      2 +/- 3.0 degrees is considered normal for a skeletal Class I relation, the
      calculated values of angle ANB will vary widely with changes in these four
      controlling factors under the same skeletal Class I conditions (Wits = 0 mm).
      Therefore, in a case under consideration, angle ANB must be corrected for these
      geometric effects in order to get a proper perspective of the skeletal
      discrepancy. This is facilitated by comparing the measured ANB angle with the
      corresponding ANB angle calculated by a formula for a Class I relationship. The
      corresponding calculated angle ANB can be taken from the tables which are based
      upon the formula using the same values for SNB, omega (angle between occlusal
      plane and anterior cranial base), b (which is distance N to B) and a (dental
      height measured as perpendicular distance A to occlusal plane plus perpendicular
      distance occlusal plane to B). The difference between actual and calculated angle
      ANB is a measurement of the severity of the skeletal discrepancy. This leads to a
      new definition of what denotes skeletal Class II and III relationships, since and
      angle ANB calculated for a skeletal Class I (Wits = 0 mm) can vary widely and can
      be either negative or positive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6586081
TI  - Root resorption and tooth movement in orthodontically treated, calcium-deficient,
      and lactating rats.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that chronic dietary deficiency of calcium can result
      in more rapid orthodontic tooth movement. The purposes of this study were to
      confirm that finding in a calcium-deficient, lactating rat model and to quantify
      the degree to which the area of root surface resorption is affected by these
      conditions. Thirty-five adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two
      groups: (1) nonlactating animals on a control diet and (2) lactating animals on a
      calcium-deficient diet. A 60-gm orthodontic force designed to tip maxillary
      molars mesially was applied for varying times. At sacrifice, tooth movement was
      quantified by measuring the space created between maxillary molars; percent bone
      ash was measured for each humerus, and root surface resorption was estimated by
      means of a morphometric technique to measure the area of cratering on the mesial
      roots of first molars. Both groups showed a typical two-phased tooth movement
      cycle lasting for 10 days, although the magnitude of movement was significantly
      greater (p less than 0.001) in the test animals. The "humerus" test from animals
      exhibited a significantly decreased (p less than 0.001) fat-free dry weight, ash,
      and percent ash weight. The test group also displayed a significantly reduced
      percent area of root surface resorption (p less than 0.05) by 7 and 10 days
      following appliance activation. These findings confirm earlier observations that
      lactation, coupled with calcium deficiency, will produce decreased bone density
      which is consistent with increased parathyroid hormone secretion.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6586082
TI  - The hyoid bone position in mouth breathers and tongue-thrusters.
AB  - In 1981 Bibby and Preston commented on the uniqueness of the anatomic
      relationships of the hyoid bone, notably that it was not fixed in space by bony
      articulations. This fact alone makes it a potential indicator of certain
      individual features of importance in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment. This
      study investigates the effect of mouth breathing and tongue-thrusting on the
      hyoid bone position by means of the hyoid triangle analysis. Three groups of
      eighteen subjects formed the sample, one group of mouth breathers, one group of
      tongue-thrusters, and a control group of subjects who exhibited neither of these.
      Preorthodontic lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken, and the position of
      the hyoid bone was analyzed from these. The groups were compared statistically by
      means of t tests and showed no statistically significant difference. These
      results show that the hyoid bone has a stable position and is independent of any
      posture alterations due to tongue-thrusting or mouth breathing.

PMID- 6586083
TI  - Directions in dental education and practice.

PMID- 6586084
TI  - Re Jacoby: Etiology of maxillary canine impactions (Am. J. Orthod. 84: 125-139,
      1983)

PMID- 6586085
TI  - Concerning recent articles on Frankel appliance therapy.

PMID- 6586086
TI  - Continuous-flow automated assay of steroids with nylon-tube-immobilized
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases.
AB  - Several NAD(P)+-dependent hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, namely 3 alpha
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 7 alpha
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and 12 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase were
      separately immobilized on nylon tubes for the continuous-flow automated assay of
      hydroxysteroids. 3 alpha-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was also immobilized on
      pore glass. Spectrophotometric monitoring in the visible region, where blank
      values were markedly reduced, was achieved through the Meldola blue catalyzed
      transfer of hydrogen from NAD(P)H to a tetrazolium salt. Nylon-tube-immobilized
      enzymes maintained 45-55% of the original activity after 1 month of intermittent
      use. The operational range, using the "end point" approach, was 1-25 nmol of
      steroid and the assay speed 10-15 samples/h. Reliable results were obtained in
      the determination of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroids and 3 beta, 17 beta-hydroxysteroids
      in urine and total bile acids in serum.

PMID- 6586087
TI  - Chromatin structure and gene expression in Drosophila.

PMID- 6586088
TI  - Recent observations on the control of Schwann cell functions.

PMID- 6586089
TI  - Morphologic approaches to the study of skeletal muscle.

PMID- 6586090
TI  - A bovine 'Ia-like' antigen detected by a xenogeneic monoclonal antibody.
AB  - A monoclonal antibody termed B2 Val 7C7, was produced by the fusion of xenoimmune
      mouse spleen cells with Sp2/0.Ag 14 myeloma cells. This antibody is specific for
      a polymorphic lymphocyte antigen; it was detected on cells from 138 out of 177
      cattle by both 125I-labelled protein A (solid-phase radioimmunoassay, SPRIA) and
      gold-labelled protein A (immunogold). Its binding was tested on various cell
      types (peripheral blood lymphocytes, monocytes, polymorphonuclear cells (PMN),
      thymocytes) from a variety of normal bovine donors. On the one hand, B2 Val 7C7
      detects a determinant present on all IgG-bearing lymphocytes, on 20% of the non
      IgG-bearing lymphocytes and on the majority of the monocytes. On the other hand,
      no binding occurs on any PMN or thymocytes. The detected membrane antigen was
      isolated by immunoprecipitation from an NP 40 extract of 3H-leucine-labelled
      cells. On SDS-PAGE, it appears to be composed of two sub-units: a 32 000-dalton
      and a 27 000-dalton chain. These results show that B2 Val 7C7 recognizes an
      alloantigenic specificity present on an Ia-like antigen.

PMID- 6586091
TI  - Paucity of HLA-A,B,C molecules on human cells of neuronal origin: microscopic
      analysis of neuroblastoma cell lines and tumor.

PMID- 6586092
TI  - Measurement of variation and significance in serologic tests.

PMID- 6586093
TI  - Immunohistochemical markers for prostatic cancer.
AB  - In a patient with an unclassifiable primary or metastatic neoplasm, with or
      without a history of prostatic cancer, immunostaining for PA or PSAP may prove
      invaluable. The procedure is simple, rapid, inexpensive, and extremely accurate
      in demonstrating the prostatic origin of tumors. It should be noted however, that
      the specificity of results is entirely dependent upon the specificity of the
      primary antibody, which should be meticulously defined before the procedure is
      used for diagnostic purposes.

PMID- 6586094
TI  - Fluorescent lymphocyte probes for cancer detection.

PMID- 6586095
TI  - Fluorescent probes for the detection of malignant disease.

PMID- 6586096
TI  - Typing of leukemic cells with monoclonal antibodies.

PMID- 6586097
TI  - The brush border of proximal tubules of normal human kidney activates the
      alternative pathway of the complement system in vitro.
AB  - The aim of this investigation was to study complement fixation by normal human
      kidney tissue. C fixation was assessed on acetone-fixed sections of frozen human
      kidney. In addition, C consumption following incubation of normal fresh human
      serum with tubular or glomerular fractions of human kidney was measured. The
      results are consistent with the interpretation that the brush border of proximal
      tubules of human kidney activates the C system via the alternative pathway. It is
      suggested that this activation may occur in vivo in patients with a non-selective
      proteinuria.

PMID- 6586098
TI  - IgA class endomysium antibodies in dermatitis herpetiformis and coeliac disease.

PMID- 6586099
TI  - Neurotypy: the heterogeneity of brain proteins.

PMID- 6586100
TI  - The third (C3) and the fourth (C4) components of complement: labile binding site
      and covalent bond formation.

PMID- 6586101
TI  - The covalent binding reaction of C3 and C4.

PMID- 6586102
TI  - Nucleophilic displacement reactions at ester and thiolester bonds.

PMID- 6586103
TI  - Initiation of the alternative complement pathway due to spontaneous hydrolysis of
      the thioester of C3.
AB  - Initiation of the alternative pathway of complement involves the random
      attachment of C3b on all biological particles in contact with plasma. This
      process requires continuous proteolytic generation of metastable C3b. The
      responsible protease arises as a result of conformational changes in C3 that
      occur upon thioester hydrolysis. The product, C3(H2O), is functionally C3b-like
      and forms a C3 convertase with Factors B and D. The resulting biomolecular
      enzyme, C3(H2O),Bb, is a serine protease that cleaves C3 generating metastable
      C3b. The rate of spontaneous generation of C3(H2O) under physiological conditions
      is between 0.2 and 0.4%/hr. C3(H2O),Bb produces only three to five metastable C3b
      molecules per enzyme before being inactivated by regulatory proteins. The
      thioester bond in metastable C3b has been estimated to be 10(10) times more
      reactive than that in native C3 and mediates attachment of C3b to biological
      particles. Once bound, C3b is subject to two competing processes: (1)
      inactivation and (2) a chain reaction-like amplification process that can deposit
      large numbers of C3b molecules on the particles within a very short period of
      time after the initial C3b binds. On activators of the alternative pathway,
      inactivation of C3b is restricted and amplification of C3b results in activation
      of the cytolytic pathway of complement.

PMID- 6586104
TI  - Role of the complement receptor CR1 in the processing of substrate-bound C3.

PMID- 6586105
TI  - Hydrolysis of the covalent bond of C3b-/C3-small-molecule complexes under
      physiological conditions.

PMID- 6586106
TI  - Ectropion and epiphora in McArdle's syndrome.
AB  - Ectropion is unusual in young individuals. Recently, we treated a 19-year-old
      male college student for epiphora due to bilateral ectropion associated with
      McArdle's syndrome, a myophosphorylase deficiency. To our knowledge, there have
      been no previous reports of ectropion and epiphora as a result of this rare
      glycogen-storage disease.

PMID- 6586107
TI  - Anaesthesia ashore in the Falklands.

PMID- 6586108
TI  - Motion sickness in children with tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6586109
TI  - [Pericentric inversion of the Y chromosome as an exclusion constellation].
AB  - A 37 year old second gravida received amniocentesis, because of advanced maternal
      age. Cytogenetic investigations of the fetal cells revealed a male karyotype with
      a pericentric inversion of the Y chromosome. Chromosome analysis of the father
      was also undertaken in order to decide whether this inversion was inherited or of
      de novo origin. The results of cytogenetic examinations of the mother as well as
      of two alleged fathers enabled us to detect an exclusion of paternity for one man
      and a positive hint of paternity for the other. The cytogenetic markers used were
      the inversion itself and a high Q-fluorescence intensity in one homologue of
      chromosome 13. The results show that the analysis of chromosomal polymorphisms
      may offer a suitable tool to avoid false interpretations concerning the origin of
      structural chromosome abnormalities in prenatal diagnosis (inherited or de novo).

PMID- 6586110
TI  - [Serum determination of CA 19-9 in patients with digestive cancers and its
      diagnostic evaluation].
AB  - The precision of CA 19-9 RIA kit was evaluated by recovery, reproducibility and
      dilution test with very satisfactory results. The CA 19-9 value in sera from 52
      healthy individuals and from 224 patients with gastric intestinal cancer and
      other benign disease, showed an increased positive rate in several cases of
      gastric intestinal cancer. For example, the positive rate in pancreatic cancer,
      bile duct cancer, colo-rectal cancer, gastric cancer, esophagus cancer, primary
      biliary cirrhosis diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis was
      60%, 75%, 55.6%, 45.6%, 20%, 28.6%, 22.7%, 13.7% and 1.7% respectively. By
      contrast, values from patients with acute hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, fatty
      liver, gastric duodenal ulcer, pancreatitis, and primary liver cancer were within
      the normal range. In this study, CA 19-9 RIA were found to be significant as an
      adjunct in the management of patients with gastrointestinal cancer, especially
      pancreatic cancer, and bile duct cancer.

PMID- 6586112
TI  - [Chemotherapy of chronic myelogenous leukemia in blastic crisis--vindesine,
      cytosine arabinoside prednisolone combination therapy].
AB  - Twenty patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in terminal transformation were
      treated with regimen incorporating vindesine, prednisolone and additional
      cytosine arabinoside. Of the 19 patients in blastic crisis, complete remission
      was achieved in 13 (68.4%). All four patients with lymphoid morphology, and nine
      of the eleven patients with myeloid morphology, achieved complete remission
      (81.8%); the four with monocytoid morphology did not. One patient in accelerated
      phase also attained complete remission. The present results indicate that the
      regimen incorporating vindesine-cytosine arabinoside-prednisolone should be
      treatment of choice in CML-BC with lymphoid morphology and myeloid morphology as
      well.

PMID- 6586111
TI  - [A phase I trial of 4'-epiadriamycin].
AB  - A phase I study of a new anthracycline, 4'-epiadriamycin was conducted in a total
      of 28 patients with various advanced cancers refractory to standard
      chemotherapies and 26 were evaluable. A dose limiting factor was leukopenia
      reaching a nadir approximately 2 weeks later and about one week needed for the
      recovery. Thrombocytopenia was milder and less frequent than leukopenia but dose
      related. Nausea and alopecia were observed in the majority of patients but
      vomiting was relatively rare and therefore non-hematologic toxicities were judged
      to be milder than adriamycin. A recommended dose for patients having prior
      extensive chemotherapies was determined to be 60 mg/m2 in 3 weeks intervals.

PMID- 6586113
TI  - [MCNU effectiveness on brain tumor. Part I: Antitumor activity in vitro on human
      glioma and neuroblastoma cell lines].
AB  - A new water-soluble nitrosourea ( MCNU ) was tested for its antitumor activity
      against fourteen human glioma cell lines and two neuroblastoma cell lines. Four
      experiments were performed to determine its antitumor activity: inhibition of
      cell growth, comparison with ACNU, morphological observation, and analysis of DNA
      histogram with flowcytometry . Seven out of 14 gliomas (50%) and one
      neuroblastoma cell lines showed more than 50% inhibition of cell growth in vitro,
      appearance of giant multinucleated cell morphologically, and DNA accumulation in
      G2+M and/or S phase of cell cycle in the medium of 10 micrograms/ml MCNU .
      Antitumor activity and spectrum of MCNU against human brain tumors were almost
      the same as with ACNU.

PMID- 6586114
TI  - [Reference values of plasma and lipoprotein cholesterol and triacylglycerols in
      healthy children].
AB  - A sample of a reference population was selected from an all-inclusive population
      by a method based on strict physiological and clinical criteria. Sociological and
      ethnic factors as well as the biological plasma evaluation of the parents were
      used as family exclusion parameters. Cholesterol and triacylglycerols were
      measured in total plasma as well as in each lipoprotein fraction isolated by
      ultracentrifugation. The values are described as functions of sex and age. Total
      cholesterol varied little with age and sex. It is higher in girls except for HDL
      values. The maximum difference between boys and girls (age group 15-19 yrs) is
      mainly due to LDL-bound cholesterol. Plasma triacylglycerol values are generally
      higher in girls than in boys, particularly for VLDL. The minimum difference is in
      the age group 15-19 yrs.

PMID- 6586115
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of cusp-tip pits in developing and mature human
      dentitions.
AB  - A variety of cusp-tip pits were observed with the scanning electron microscope
      (SEM) on canines and molars of both deciduous and permanent dentitions. Larger
      pits or craters usually were single and funnel-shaped with a narrow 100 micron
      base widening to 300-400 micron peripheral opening; smaller pits were in groups.
      As defects occur precisely in the tips of cusps, developing cusps fetal
      dentitions were examined for a consistent structural pattern which could explain
      cusp-tip pit development.

PMID- 6586116
TI  - Amino acid composition of salivary protein secreted by the parotid glands of rats
      in response to parasympathomimetic and sympathomimetic drugs.
AB  - Although the total protein concentration in the saliva varied markedly, depending
      on the nature of the stimulus, the proportions of the amino-acid residues were
      independent on the nature of the stimuli, where they were cholinergic, adrenergic
      or dopaminergic. However, the difference in protein composition of saliva
      previously shown in chronically isoprenaline-treated rats electrophoretically
      could be determined by amino-acid analysis.

PMID- 6586117
TI  - Effect of alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonists on fluid and calcium secretion by
      rat salivary glands.
AB  - The separate roles of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors in regulating fluid
      and calcium (Ca) secretion by rat salivary glands were examined using
      phenylephrine (PE), an adrenergic agonist that acts predominantly on alpha
      receptors, isoproterenol (ISO), an adrenergic agonist that acts predominantly on
      beta-receptors, and PE and ISO in combination with beta-adrenergic antagonist
      propranolol (PROP) and alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine (PHENTO),
      respectively. PE evoked a greater volume of saliva from submandibular (SM) gland
      than from parotid (PA) gland, whereas ISO evoked a similar volume of saliva from
      both glands during 60-min of drug stimulation. PE even at a low dose had beta
      adrenergic effects on flow rate of salivary glands because pretreatment of rats
      with PROP (1 mg/kg) 20 min before PE (5 mg/kg, i.p.) stimulation resulted in a 4
      fold reduction in total volume of PE-evoked PA saliva. Thus alpha-adrenergic
      receptors play a major role in fluid secretion by SM glands but play only a minor
      role in PA glands. ISO evoked SM and PA saliva with Ca concentration higher than
      that evoked by PE. ISO (25 mg/kg, i.p.) also had an effect on alpha-adrenergic
      receptors as well as beta-adrenergic receptors. Although PHENTO did not
      significantly alter flow rate and volume of ISO-evoked PA or SM saliva, Ca
      concentration of ISO-evoked saliva was greatly potentiated by PHENTO. Total Ca
      output of ISO-evoked saliva from either gland was not significantly altered by
      PHENTO. Thus, in both salivary glands, activation of beta-adrenergic receptors
      evoked saliva with a high concentration of Ca.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6586118
TI  - The effect of growth rate on the adhesion of the oral bacteria Streptococcus
      mutans and Streptococcus milleri.
AB  - As a preliminary to measuring the hydrophobicity of continuous-culture cells,
      batch-grown cells of a number of Streptococcus mutans strains were tested for
      their ability to adhere to hexadecane. The hydrophobic properties of such cells
      were markedly affected by experimental variables such as the composition of the
      growth medium and the buffer in which the cells were subsequently suspended. For
      example, the replacement of glucose by fructose in a chemically-defined growth
      medium (CDM) increased cell hydrophobicity. Strep. mutans B13 and Streptococcus
      milleri B448 were separately grown glucose-limited in the CDM at various dilution
      rates from D = 0.04 h-1 to D = 0.7 h-1, corresponding to mean generation times of
      17 and 1 h. Slow-growing cells of both strains were more hydrophobic than fast
      growing cells, which, in conjunction with previous studies, supports the
      suggestion that hydrophobic bonding may play a role in bacterial adherence.

PMID- 6586119
TI  - A qualitative and quantitative study of the ageing human labial salivary glands.
AB  - A series of 36 post-mortem labial salivary glands from both male and female
      subjects with ages ranging from 25 to 80 yr were examined histologically.
      Features such as acinar atrophy, fibrous replacement and ductal aberrations were
      noted in the aged glands. By the stereological method of point counting, the
      volume proportions of various defined gland constituents were calculated for
      individual glands in the series. An age-related decrease in acinar volume
      proportion and an increase in ductal and connective tissue volume proportion is
      recorded. These changes should be considered when diseased glands are studied.

PMID- 6586121
TI  - Human oral retention of zinc from mouthwashes containing zinc salts and its
      relevance to dental plaque control.
AB  - Subjects using 30 mM zinc phenolsulphonate as a mouthwash retained 12 per cent of
      the zinc. Salivary zinc concentration was increased by using mouthwashes
      containing 17-35 mM zinc as the sulphate, phenolsulphonate or citrate. For 17 mM
      zinc sulphate or phenolsulphonate, the effect lasted 3-4 h. Zinc retained in the
      mouth gave visible fluorescence after rinsing with 8-hydroxyquinoline and was
      particularly evident on the tongue, cheek mucosa and dental plaque. The
      concentration of zinc in plaque was increased 13-19-fold 1 h after using 31 or 18
      mM zinc phenolsulphonate. A 3-fold increase was still present 6 h later for the
      31 mM mouthwash. Zinc salts inhibited acid production from [14C]-glucose in vitro
      by plaque at concentrations which were found in plaque in vivo after using the
      mouthwashes. The effect of zinc on the metabolic activity of plaque may reduce
      the growth rate of plaque-bacteria and so decrease plaque growth.

PMID- 6586122
TI  - The development of the human interradicular dentine as revealed by tetracycline
      labelling.
AB  - The pattern of labelling of the interradicular dentine that forms the floor of
      the pulp chamber was studied in human deciduous second mandibular molars from
      patients who had undergone treatment with tetracycline during the period of
      formation of those teeth. Six teeth exhibited isolated mineralization centres for
      the interradicular dentine, indicating that this region in man, unlike in
      rodents, does not develop as a direct continuation of coronal dentine.

PMID- 6586120
TI  - Ultrastructure of granular materials in rat incisor enamel organ at early
      maturation stage.
AB  - With scanning electron microscopy, globules were seen in inter-cellular spaces
      between ameloblasts with ruffled borders and papillary cells at early maturation
      stage. Numerous globules were located on longitudinal folds between parallel
      ridges on the sides of ameloblasts, but only a few in the papillary layer. In
      previously-scanned specimens sectioned for transmission electron microscopy, the
      globules were composed of finely granular material. Vacuoles containing material
      identical to extra-cellular granules were observed in intra-cellular portions of
      the ameloblasts and papillary cells.

PMID- 6586123
TI  - Histological study, including ultrastructural quantification, of the periodontal
      ligament in the lathyritic rat mandibular dentition.
AB  - A 0.15 per cent solution of aminoacetonitrile was added to the drinking water of
      young adult male Wistar rats for 18 days. Their right mandibular incisors were
      maintained unimpeded by frequent trimming. After 18 days, the periodontal
      ligaments of the right mandibular incisors and first molars were prepared for
      light and electron microscopy. For control purposes, similar material was
      obtained from animals fed on a normal diet ad libitum or pair-fed. With light
      microscopy, lathyritic incisor periodontal ligaments showed areas of normal
      connective tissue appearance interspersed with areas of degeneration. In the
      lathyritic molars, cell-free areas were observed. With electron microscopy,
      quantification of features in the connective tissue regions of the lathyritic
      ligament showed little change. In cell-free areas, many collagen fibrils had
      smaller fibril diameters than normal.

PMID- 6586124
TI  - Intercellular junctions in the cells of the human enamel organ as revealed by
      freeze-fracture.
AB  - Examined by thin sections and freeze-fracture replication techniques, secretory
      ameloblasts possessed two sets of the junctional complexes at both proximal and
      distal ends of the cell bodies, which consisted of tight junctions and occasional
      gap junctions and desmosomes. The proximal tight junction was fascia occludens,
      whereas the distal tight junction was zonula occludens. Between adjacent
      ameloblasts, mature gap junctions were frequent. The stratum-intermedium cells
      were connected to each other and to the stellate-reticulum cells and ameloblasts
      by well-developed desmosomes, gap junctions and fascia or macula-type tight
      junctions. Stellate-reticulum cells were inter-connected by many extensive
      cytoplasmic processes, in which well-developed desmosomes, small gap junctions
      and occasional macula-type tight junctions appeared. Thus fascia or macula-type
      tight junctions as well as many desmosomes seem to serve in mechanical, cell-to
      cell adhesion during tooth formation. Frequent and large gap junctions between
      adjacent stratum-intermedium cells and between the stratum intermedium and the
      base of the ameloblast suggest that, in relation to enamel formation, these two
      cell layers form a functional unit.

PMID- 6586125
TI  - Growth and allometry in primate masticatory muscles.
AB  - A study of the dry weight of primate and non-primate masticatory musculature
      permitted possible allometric and ontogenetic influences on this musculature to
      be explored. Using weight as an indicator of adult body size, all of the
      masticatory muscles examined (anterior temporalis, posterior temporalis,
      masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, digastrics, and total adductor
      mass) are isometric. This is true even when prosimians and non-primates are
      removed from consideration, leaving only adult anthropoid primates. Thus, size
      related changes do not affect the masticatory musculature of anthropoids
      differently from the musculature of examined prosimians and non-primates.
      However, other measures of body size (skull length, head and body length) reveal
      a different picture. Yet, irrespective of the indicator of body size chosen, the
      allometric properties of the masticatory muscles appear similar and the
      fluctuations of the various muscle indices therefore reflect functional changes,
      and are not caused by allometry. Exudate-eating and frugivory are discussed in
      relation to body size and the development of the mandibular depressor muscles.
      The logs of the masticatory muscles do not show a significant correlation with
      age, except when species are followed across age grades. For the five anthropoid
      species for which this is possible, the medial and lateral pterygoid and
      digastric muscles are still not correlated with age. When all examined species
      are considered, some muscle ratios correlate significantly with age. Following
      anthropoid species across age grades singles out an early surge in growth of the
      medial pterygoid muscle over the masseter muscle, a situation which was apparent
      also in the general age correlation.

PMID- 6586126
TI  - Experimental study in the dog of the non-active role of the tooth in the eruptive
      process.
AB  - The role of the tooth in eruption was studied radiographically and histologically
      after experimental manipulations of the crowns of permanent mandibular premolars
      in dogs. Crowns were removed and dead crown shells or metal or silicone replicas
      were substituted into dental follicles just prior to scheduled eruption. These
      replacements erupted on schedule after formation of the usual eruption pathways
      and formation of trabecular bone from the base of the bony crypt. Removal of
      crowns, but without adding replacements, also exhibited these same hallmarks of
      eruption. We conclude that tooth eruption is a series of metabolic events in
      alveolar bone characterized by bone resorption and formation on opposite sides of
      the dental follicle and the tooth does not contribute to this process.

PMID- 6586127
TI  - An investigation of the effects of maltose and sucrose in the diet on the
      microbiology of dental plaque in man.
AB  - In a double-blind cross-over study, 24 dental students consumed 150 g of sucrose
      or maltose a day in various foods. After 15 days, plaque samples were collected
      from the distal surface of upper right first premolars; post-diet samples were
      collected four months later. The median total anaerobic count of plaque exposed
      to sucrose was significantly lower compared with maltose samples (p less than
      0.05). Glucan-producing organisms per 100 anaerobes in the sucrose samples
      compared with the maltose (p less than 0.05). Streptococcus sanguis and
      Streptococcus mitior were the most frequently-isolated streptococci.

PMID- 6586128
TI  - The ultrastructure of the rat incisor odontoblast in organ culture.
AB  - Extracted incisors were dissected free of adherent soft tissue, split by a
      longitudinal incision lingually and the pulp sac carefully removed. The
      predentine-dentine pieces with attached odontoblasts were incubated for up to 24
      h in culture medium in 5 per cent CO2, humid air at 37 degrees C. The cultures
      were recovered and processed for light microscopy and transmission electron
      microscopy. Examination of the explants showed a homogeneous layer of
      odontoblasts attached to the dentinal surface. The odontoblasts had a normal
      structure and nuclear polarity similar to that seen in vivo. There were no
      apparent degenerative changes.

PMID- 6586129
TI  - The odontoblast process and its branches in human teeth observed by scanning
      electron microscopy.
AB  - Healthy teeth were fixed, resin-impregnated and freeze-fractured. Specimens were
      critical point-dried and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Odontoblast
      processes were observed in the inner-, middle- and peripheral dentine. The
      processes in the inner-third dentine closely approximated tubule wall and could
      be found in most of the tubules. Some tubules contained a thin fibre besides the
      odontoblast process. In the middle third of dentine, the processes became
      thinner, their appearance was cable-like with lateral branches and a wide
      periodontoblast space could be seen. Processes were seen only in a few tubules of
      outer-third dentine in both young and aged subjects. They divided into
      longitudinal and lateral branches and seemed to be connected with one another.

PMID- 6586131
TI  - [Proceedings of the 1983 meeting of the German Society of Otorhinolaryngology and
      Head and Neck Surgery. II. Report of sessions].

PMID- 6586130
TI  - Osteosarcoma of the mandible.

PMID- 6586132
TI  - A new technique for laryngoplasty using suprahyoid muscles.

PMID- 6586133
TI  - [Current status and importance of antineoplastic chemotherapy of head and neck
      neoplasms].

PMID- 6586134
TI  - [Hydrogen clearance measurements of the base of the cochlea under acute noise
      exposure].

PMID- 6586135
TI  - [Electron microscopy findings of the cochlear nerve and cochlear ganglion].

PMID- 6586136
TI  - [Methods and results of monitoring the effects of diuretics on the inner ear].

PMID- 6586137
TI  - [The larynx].

PMID- 6586138
TI  - [Audiology].

PMID- 6586139
TI  - [Current antibiotic therapy in ORL treatment - principles, possibilities,
      limitations].

PMID- 6586140
TI  - [Round table: the ORL physician and anesthetist in every day surgical practice].

PMID- 6586141
TI  - [The internal ear].

PMID- 6586142
TI  - [Plastic surgery].

PMID- 6586143
TI  - [Neuro-otology].

PMID- 6586144
TI  - The nurse and the law. Chemotherapy: informing the patient.

PMID- 6586145
TI  - Drugs for peptic ulcers.

PMID- 6586146
TI  - High-dose cytosine arabinoside: advances in clinical pharmacology and therapeutic
      results.

PMID- 6586147
TI  - A comparison of low dose levamisole and penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Levamisole (150 mg once weekly) was compared with penicillamine (250 mg daily) in
      a single blind independent observer study in 28 patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis over twelve months. Fifty percent (8/16) of patients stopped
      levamisole, five within three months of starting, while only two of twelve
      stopped penicillamine. In those patients able to tolerate treatment for twelve
      months, both regimens produced a significant and comparable reduction in disease
      activity, with the onset of action of penicillamine occurring at three months
      compared with six to nine months for levamisole. Radiological progression of
      disease occurred in both groups. Levamisole in low dose may improve parameters of
      disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis but poor patient tolerance, slow onset
      of action and failure to prevent radiological progression limit its usefulness.

PMID- 6586148
TI  - A comparison of plasma methylprednisolone concentrations following intra
      articular injection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
AB  - Plasma concentrations of methylprednisolone following intra-articular injection
      were measured in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. While
      substantial plasma concentrations were seen in both groups of patients there was
      no significant difference in the rate or extent of absorption of
      methylprednisolone from osteoarthritic or rheumatoid knees. This study suggests
      that it is the dissolution rate of the steroid formulation rather than the
      characteristics of the synovial membrane which determine rate and extent of
      systemic absorption of methylprednisolone after intra-articular injection.

PMID- 6586149
TI  - Rapid intubation of the ileo-colonic region of man.
AB  - The relative inaccessibility of the ileo-cecal region of man has restricted study
      of, and limited the information available on, normal functions of this region.
      Intubation of the distal bowel from above may be slow, even in the presence of
      normal patterns of motility in the stomach and small intestine. This report
      documents that addition of a small balloon at the "lead-point" of the tube alters
      motor patterns and allows rapid transit to the colon.

PMID- 6586151
TI  - A simple aid to the differential diagnosis of oliguria.
AB  - A study was conducted in oliguric and acutely azotemic patients, measuring: (i)
      the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) using creatinine clearance as a measure
      of glomerular filtration rate, and (ii) sodium clearance relative to urea
      clearance, designated as the sodium/urea clearance ratio (Na:urea CR). It was
      found that FENa discriminated between "tubular" and "non-tubular" disorders in
      96% of patients. Further, Na:urea CR was as discriminating as FENa. Patients with
      Na:urea CR above 2.5% can be reliably diagnosed as having acute tubular necrosis
      or acute urinary tract obstruction; those with a value less than 2.5% will have
      acute glomerulonephritis or pre-renal azotemia. As urea and sodium measurements
      are so readily available, this test can now be applied in the assessment of the
      oliguric or acutely azotemic patient in any hospital practice.

PMID- 6586150
TI  - Rationalisation of therapy in severe epilepsy.
AB  - Anticonvulsant therapy in 18 institutionalised adult epileptic persons was
      rationalised. The mean number of drugs administered was reduced from 3.2 to 2.0
      per patient with improvement of seizure control in 11 patients and either no
      alteration or a mild deterioration of seizure control in seven patients. In this
      latter group however, there was an improvement in cerebellar signs and/or
      mentation associated with the reduction in drug therapy. It is proposed that even
      in patients with apparently severe epilepsy, whilst monotherapy may not be
      achieved, a significant reduction in the number of medications administered may
      be. Moreover medication can be effectively administered twice daily.

PMID- 6586152
TI  - Relapse of herpes simplex encephalitis after acyclovir therapy.
AB  - Acyclovir is a new and well tolerated anti-viral agent whose role in the
      treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is still being evaluated. Although
      relapse of adenosine arabinoside treated HSE has been documented, this paper
      describes the recurrence of encephalitis after treatment with the recommended
      course of Acyclovir. A more extended course of Acyclovir produced a rapid and
      sustained improvement with minimal residual neurological deficit. We emphasise
      the need for more prolonged treatment and an awareness of the possibility of
      relapse when using Acyclovir for HSE.

PMID- 6586153
TI  - Neurological toxicity associated with vidarabine (adenine arabinoside) therapy.
AB  - Disorientation, myoclonic jerks, generalised rigidity and tremor developed in a
      young woman while on treatment with vidarabine for disseminated cutaneous
      varicella. Residua were still present 11 months later. She had normal renal
      function and was being treated with relatively low dose vidarabine therapy. A
      possible drug interaction with allopurinol is described.

PMID- 6586155
TI  - Temporal arteritis presenting as a symmetrical peripheral polyarthritis.
AB  - An 83 year old female presenting with a symmetrical peripheral polyarthritis
      resembling rheumatoid arthritis, subsequently developed biopsy-proven temporal
      arteritis. This case report draws attention to this uncommon presentation of
      temporal arteritis and briefly reviews common presenting features of this
      condition.

PMID- 6586154
TI  - Collagenous colitis: a recently recognised reversible clinicopathological entity.
AB  - A case of collagenous colitis is reported in an 86 year old man who presented
      with watery diarrhea. This case differs from previous reports in that five of the
      six reported cases involved women, mostly in their mid-forties, and that
      previously the collagenous band has been demonstrated in the mucosa of the left
      side of the colon only. This case is the first report to demonstrate the
      collagenous band in the right side of the colon as well as the left, and is the
      thickest band reported to date. In keeping with the two reported cases with
      follow-up, the subepithelial collagenous band was shown to have disappeared three
      months after the initial biopsy with a corresponding clinical improvement after
      symptomatic treatment only. The diagnosis needs to be considered in all patients
      presenting with watery diarrhea, and can only be confirmed after rectal or
      colonic biopsy.

PMID- 6586156
TI  - High dose araC in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia complicating Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 6586157
TI  - Fatal lactic acidosis in lymphoma.

PMID- 6586158
TI  - Angiostrongyliasis in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 6586159
TI  - Australian and New Zealand Society of Nuclear Medicine. Annual scientific
      meeting, May 1983. Abstracts.

PMID- 6586160
TI  - Value of CEA in breast cancer.
AB  - Plasma carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) is elevated in a small percentage of
      patients with early breast cancer and in about 60% of patients when the disease
      is disseminated beyond regional lymph nodes. It is neither sufficiently sensitive
      or specific a test to be used for mass screening and is of limited use as a
      diagnostic aid. Monitoring of patients following mastectomy with serial
      estimations of plasma CEA is of little value in detecting disease recurrence
      before it becomes clinically apparent. Monitoring of CEA levels may be helpful in
      objectively assessing response to treatment in patients with disseminated breast
      cancer.

PMID- 6586161
TI  - The assessment of histological differentiation in breast cancer.
AB  - Morphological tumour differentiation has been shown in numerous studies to give a
      good prediction of prognosis in breast cancer. In the Nottingham/Tenovus study,
      tumour differentiation (histological grade) is assessed as part of a routine
      analysis of potential prognostic factors. Three features are analysed, the degree
      of tubule formation, variation in the size and shape of nuclei and mitotic rate.
      Each feature is given a score of 1-3 and grade is assigned as follows: Grade I,
      well differentiated, 3-5 points; Grade II, moderately differentiated, 6-7 points;
      Grade III, poorly differentiated, 8-9 points. Histological grade has been
      assessed in 625 patients with primary breast carcinoma and there is a strong
      correlation with prognosis; patients with well differentiated tumours have a
      significantly better survival than those with poorly differentiated tumours (P
      less than 0.0005). Grade forms an important part of the Nottingham/Tenovus
      prognostic index together with tumour size and lymph node stage. It is suggested
      that factors such as these should be used to stratify patients for appropriate
      therapy.

PMID- 6586162
TI  - Wound healing following mastectomy.
AB  - Local complications following mastectomy are of considerable importance if peri
      operative chemotherapy is to be used. A retrospective survey of 100 patients
      following Patey mastectomy was therefore undertaken to investigate problems
      associated with wound healing in the absence of such therapy. The survey showed
      that 18% of patients developed postoperative wound infection, this being severe
      in 50% of cases. Varying degrees of total wound breakdown occurred in 9% of
      patients while delayed healing occurred in a further 5%. The incidence of seroma
      was 25%, and the majority of these patients required further drainage. There was
      a significant association between seroma formation and wound infection (P less
      than 0.05). The mean length of hospital stay in patients without wound infection
      was 11.7 days, but was increased to 27.3 days when infection occurred (P less
      than 0.001).

PMID- 6586163
TI  - Neurological injuries in South Australia: the influence of distance on management
      and outcome.
AB  - It has been shown that in at least two Australian states (New South Wales and
      South Australia), there is a disproportionately high incidence of lethal
      neurological injuries in country areas. To determine whether any of this
      increased rural mortality results from geographical remoteness from specialized
      hospital services, we have studied prospectively a consecutive series of 153
      patients with head injuries (140) or spinal injuries (13), who were transferred
      to Adelaide, South Australia from country centres during a six month period.
      Distance appeared to be an occasional cause of delay in instituting expert
      primary treatment. Of 13 deaths, three resulted from potentially remediable
      causes (intracranial bleeding, airway obstruction), and in two others
      difficulties in early supportive care may have contributed to death. First aid
      sometimes had to be administered by lay persons, and appeared to have been
      occasionally inadequate. Undesirable delay in transfer from accident site to
      country hospital was recorded in a few cases; in some of these, private transport
      was used. Distance was an important cause of delay in transferring patients to
      Adelaide, since 77% of patients had to travel in excess of 50 km. Thirty patients
      were brought to Adelaide by medical retrieval teams. These teams, which are
      centrally co-ordinated, have been useful in extending to country areas the
      specialized techniques of emergency intensive care and less frequently of
      operative neurosurgery.

PMID- 6586165
TI  - Neurosurgical management of spinal conditions--an overview.
AB  - During 1977-80 the annual number of surgical procedures on the spinal canal and
      discs has remained in the vicinity of 1800-1900 and fusions have ranged from 682
      to 810. Neurosurgical participation in spinal surgery amounted to 18-20% of all
      spinal procedures. Disc lesion, canal stenosis, spondylosis, congenital and
      developmental malformations constituted 70% of the total spinal work carried out
      in a major neurosurgical unit in New South Wales. The above conditions form an
      'overlapping' field of surgery, the orthopaedic surgeons treating an estimated
      80% of these patients. Surgical management by neurosurgeons and orthopaedic
      surgeons of the same clinical category of spinal patient is different. An
      estimated one-third of orthopaedic patients are submitted to lumbar fusion.
      Neurosurgeons avoid fusion in the lumbar region. The need for integrated and
      sound neurosurgical and orthopaedic methods of management in the overlapping
      fields of spinal surgery has become imperative. To the neurosurgeon, the outcome
      of spinal surgery in terms of relevance to the extent of chronic spinal
      disability in the community has probably become more important than the outcome
      of craniocerebral surgery in the community. More attention should be given to
      standards of work in spinal surgery in matters of training, research and quality
      assurance. A research project by members of the Department of Neurosurgery, The
      Prince Henry and Prince of Wales Hospitals is outlined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6586164
TI  - Oestradiol receptor values in breast cancer and response of metastases to
      therapy.
AB  - Eighty-one women who had received hormonal therapy for advanced disease were
      assessed for objective response to treatment. Another 73 patients who had
      received chemotherapy were similarly studied. Patients with ER - tumours had a
      significantly poorer response rate to hormonal therapy than those with ER +
      tumours (P less than 0.05) and a significant trend toward an increasing rate of
      response occurred with increasing quantitative levels of receptor (P less than
      0.01). This trend was even more significant when the assay had been performed on
      recurrent tumour (P less than 0.001), suggesting that this provides a more
      accurate index of response to hormonal treatment than assays performed on the
      primary lesion. These results suggest that whilst the quantitative receptor level
      used to discriminate between 'negative' or 'positive' assays is appropriate, this
      division is an over-simplification. Oestrogen receptor was not helpful in
      predicting response to chemotherapy.

PMID- 6586166
TI  - An appraisal of the role of the PTFE graft in lower limb arterial reconstruction.
AB  - In the period between April 1977 and April 1981, 105 femoropopliteal bypass
      grafts were performed for atherosclerotic occlusive arterial disease below the
      inguinal ligament. Forty-six of these were done using polytetrafluoroethylene
      (PTFE) and the remaining 59 using autogenous saphenous vein. In April 1982 a
      retrospective evaluation of the efficacy of the PTFE graft was undertaken.
      Patency rates between the two groups were found to be comparable when disabling
      claudication was the indication for surgery. No difference in patency rates was
      found between the PTFE graft inserted above or below the knee irrespective of
      whether the graft was undertaken for claudication or limb salvage.

PMID- 6586167
TI  - Doppler ultrasound detection of saphenofemoral and saphenopopliteal incompetence
      and operative venography to ensure precise saphenopopliteal ligation.
AB  - Recurrent varicose veins may result from inadequate assessment or inadequate
      surgery. In this study, 110 consecutive patients (165 limbs) were assessed pre
      operatively for the presence or absence of reflux at the saphenofemoral (SF) and
      saphenopopliteal (SP) junctions by clinical assessment and by Doppler ultrasound.
      The pre-operative results where then compared with findings at the time of
      surgery. Doppler ultrasound as a means of predicting SF and SP incompetence was
      superior to clinical assessment. Doppler Doppler ultrasound detected 100% (two
      false positives) of incompetent SF junctions, and 100% (six false positives) of
      incompetent SP junctions, compared to the clinical detection of 72% (no false
      positives) and 64% (five false positives), respectively. Short saphenous
      venography was performed in 36 limbs in which SP reflux was suspected on clinical
      assessment and/or by Doppler ultrasound. It proved valuable in demonstrating the
      level and mode of termination of the short saphenous vein. This guided the
      placement of the skin incision.

PMID- 6586168
TI  - Influence of tumour differentiation on survival after resection for rectal cancer
      in a series of 1296 patients.
AB  - The influence of differentiation grade on tumour staging, local recurrence and
      long term survival prospects has been evaluated in a series of patients managed
      by resection for rectal cancer. Differentiation was known in 1095 of 1296
      patients. Well-differentiated tumours were over-represented among Dukes' stage A
      cases and poorly differentiated among those with disseminated disease (P less
      than 0.001). Local recurrence was twice as common (31%) after curative resection
      of poorly differentiated tumours than of well (14%) or moderately (17%)
      differentiated. Five year cancer specific survival rates after resection
      (curative and palliative combined) of tumours of good, average or poor
      differentiation were 68%, 59% and 33%, respectively. After potentially curative
      resection, survival was also significantly worse in patients with poorly
      differentiated tumours (P less than 0.001); 5 year survival rates of patients
      with tumours of good, average or poor differentiation were 75%, 71% and 51%,
      respectively. Survival prospects beyond 5 years in patients with Dukes' stage A
      tumours were significantly reduced when the tumour was poorly differentiated; 5
      and 10 year survival rates were 76% and 40%, respectively. However, patients with
      Dukes' stage C tumours of poor differentiation had an identical 5 and 10 year
      cancer specific survival, 26%. Patients with mucoid type tumours had worse
      survival prospects than those with non-mucoid type (P less than 0.02).

PMID- 6586169
TI  - Perforated peptic ulcer--a seasonal disease?
AB  - All hospital admissions for perforated peptic ulcer in the State of Western
      Australia from 1971 to 1981 inclusive were used to study the seasonal
      fluctuation, prevalence and mortality. This represented 1187 admissions. A
      significant seasonal peak was found during November, December and January. There
      was a marked reduction in admissions in the last three years, i.e. 1979-81,
      representing a 35% drop from previous levels. The overall mortality was 6.6%, but
      was 1.8% in patients less than 65 years, and 17.3% in patients 65 years or older.

PMID- 6586170
TI  - Supraglottic laryngectomy: a perspective for New Zealand.
AB  - A series of 794 patients with laryngeal cancer in Liverpool from 1965 to 1983
      were reviewed with particular reference to the results after supraglottic
      laryngectomy. The results indicated that radiotherapy is to be preferred for T1N0
      supraglottic tumours, and supraglottic laryngectomy is indicated only for
      patients with small primary tumours, and clinically involved lymph nodes. On
      comparing 274 patients with laryngeal cancer from Auckland, seen over a similar
      period (1965-1979), it is clear that even fewer patients than in Liverpool, both
      absolutely and relatively, would be eligible for supraglottic laryngectomy in New
      Zealand. In view of the reportedly high morbidity and mortality associated with
      the operation, one may question the wisdom of performing supraglottic
      laryngectomy in New Zealand, where suitable patients are rare.

PMID- 6586171
TI  - Digital avulsion injuries: the shish kebab effect of the fibrous flexor sheath.
AB  - On debriding a hand from which four fingers with all their flexor tendons had
      been avulsed, a sizeable quantity of 'minced' muscle was found in the palm.
      Further cadaver investigations showed that the avulsed flexor tendons disrupted
      proximal to the musculo-tendon junction, and that a significant amount of
      devitalized forearm muscle tissue was left in the palm as the tendons passed
      through the proximal fibrous flexor sheath. A case of early development of carpal
      tunnel syndrome following avulsion injury of the little finger is illustrated in
      which later surgical exploration of the palm revealed detached muscle tissue
      compromising the median nerve. It is suggested that exploration of the palm is
      indicated in all cases of proximal avulsions of the flexor tendons.

PMID- 6586172
TI  - The prognostic value of oestrogen receptors in breast cancer.
AB  - Survival data for 2006 women who had oestrogen receptor assay carried out on
      primary breast cancer tissue between 1976 and 1982 are presented. There was a
      significant trend to shorter survival in patients with low ER levels than in
      those with high ER levels (P less than 0.01). This trend was evident in both pre-
      and post-menopausal women. The point of maximum discrimination between prognostic
      groups occurred at 8 fm in premenopausal women and the four year survival rates
      of patients above and below this level were 84% and 48%, respectively. In post
      menopausal women, maximum discrimination occurred at 90 fm, and the four year
      survival rates above and below this level were 82% and 64%, respectively.

PMID- 6586173
TI  - A low-power magnification technique for the re-anastomosis of the vas--further
      results in a personal series of 125 patients.
AB  - In 125 patients undergoing reversal of an earlier bilateral vasectomy, a simple
      technique of re-anastomosis of each divided vas, using low-power magnification (X
      3.5) was used. In 51% of couples a normal pregnancy followed and 86% of the males
      had a sperm count greater than 20 million ml-1. These results compare quite
      favourably with those obtained using more sophisticated microsurgical techniques.

PMID- 6586174
TI  - Mechanism and prevention of nipple valve dessusception: an experimental study.
AB  - A hypothesis for the mechanism of dessusception of the nipple valve is suggested
      and supported by experimental evidence. A technique of preventing dessusception
      is suggested.

PMID- 6586175
TI  - A case report of splenic pregnancy.
AB  - A case of splenic pregnancy is reported. The patient was treated surgically with
      a satisfactory result. The problem of preservation of the spleen in the presence
      of a spontaneous rupture is highlighted.

PMID- 6586176
TI  - Ewing's sarcoma of mandible: management by a multidisciplinary approach.
AB  - A case of Ewing's sarcoma of the mandible developing in a 14 year old girl is
      presented. Treatment by a combination of radiotherapy and multiple cytotoxic
      drugs has led to long-term, disease-free survival without the need for any
      surgery apart from the initial biopsy.

PMID- 6586177
TI  - Noma: report of three adult cases.

PMID- 6586178
TI  - [Malignant bone tumors in the knee region].

PMID- 6586179
TI  - Casein kinase activity in rat mammary gland Golgi vesicles. Demonstration of
      latency and requirement for a transmembrane ATP carrier.
AB  - A Golgi vesicle-enriched preparation from mammary tissue of lactating rats has
      been used to investigate the phosphorylation of caseins in vitro. Casein kinase,
      together with its casein substrates, is enclosed within the lumen of Golgi
      membrane vesicles and has a requirement for Ca2+ and ATP. The permeability
      characteristics of the Golgi membrane to ATP and Ca2+ therefore have a possible
      regulatory influence on casein kinase activity. This influence has been
      investigated by alteration of the permeability characteristics by using several
      agents having differing degrees of selectivity. The ionophore A23187, which
      permits loss of Ca2+ from the vesicles, caused a decrease in casein
      phosphorylation which could be reversed by externally supplied Ca2+. Alamethicin,
      an ionophore that creates larger transmembrane channels, caused an increase in
      casein phosphorylation. This increase showed a requirement for divalent metal
      ions which could be satisfied by either Ca2+ or Mn2+. Under the same conditions,
      La3+ was inhibitory. Triton X-100 caused loss of intravesicular Ca2+, yet this
      was accompanied by an increase in phosphate incorporation into the caseins. We
      conclude from these results that the binding site on casein kinase for ATP is
      within the Golgi membrane barrier and that they imply the presence of a
      transmembrane ATP-transport mechanism. Inhibition of casein phosphorylation by
      atractyloside and carboxyatractyloside lends support to this concept.

PMID- 6586181
TI  - Extended haplotypes of chromosome 6 in adult rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - In 46 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the allele C4B*3 occurred in 6
      patients, while among 350 normal controls, it occurred 6 times (P less than
      0.00002). Among 9 white and 1 black families, each of which had 2 or more members
      with RA, there were 36 haplotypes associated with RA. An extended haplotype
      (specific HLA-B, DR, complotype haplotypes in significant linkage disequilibrium)
      containing C4B*3: HLA-B15, DR4, BF*S, C2*C, C4A*3, C4B*3, was found twice (P less
      than 0.001) among whites with the disease-associated chromosomes.

PMID- 6586182
TI  - Changes of morbidity and mortality from cancer of the cervix uteri in Puerto
      Rico.

PMID- 6586180
TI  - Effect of hemin and heme synthesis inhibitors on cellular protein synthesis.
AB  - Inhibitors of heme synthesis, 2,2'-bipyridyl, isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH),
      and D,L-penicillamine markedly inhibited only the synthesis of hemoglobin and had
      no effect on the synthesis of the bulk of nonhemoglobin proteins in spleen cells
      of anemic mice. Exogenous hemin stimulated the synthesis of hemoglobin as well as
      the synthesis of the bulk of nonhemoglobin proteins. However, by further analysis
      of nonhemoglobin proteins it was possible to detect intermediates of hemoglobin
      synthesis, globin chains with highly specific radioactivity of L-[4,5-3H]leucine
      which were eluted together with nonhemoglobin proteins during the chromatography
      on CM-Sephadex C-50. Protein synthesis in Friend erythroleukemia cells of the Fw
      line which have the genetic defect of heme synthesis was resistant to D,L
      penicillamine and Desferal; 2,2'-bipyridyl had an inhibitory effect. Hemin was
      without effect on protein synthesis in these neoplastic cells.

PMID- 6586183
TI  - Bile reflux demonstrated by 99m Tc disofenin.

PMID- 6586184
TI  - Care of knee injuries.

PMID- 6586185
TI  - Adenocarcinoma of jejenum: a difficult diagnosis.

PMID- 6586186
TI  - Quinine toxicity in pregnancy.

PMID- 6586187
TI  - [AIDS: statistics in Puerto Rico and useful references].

PMID- 6586188
TI  - Commonly occurring genital ulcers due to sexually transmitted diseases.

PMID- 6586189
TI  - [The epidemic nature of cancer?].

PMID- 6586190
TI  - [Pathology review. Pheochromocytoma].

PMID- 6586191
TI  - [Diet patterns in a group of elderly people in Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico].

PMID- 6586192
TI  - [Cerebral gigantism (Sotos syndrome) in 7 Puerto Rican children].

PMID- 6586193
TI  - Polypsychopharmacy in Puerto Rican veterans outpatients.

PMID- 6586194
TI  - The interaction of two malfunctioning cardiac pacemakers.

PMID- 6586196
TI  - Increase in resistance of in-line breathing filters in humidified air.
AB  - A study has been performed to measure the resistance of Pall Ultipor BB50 filters
      when exposed to humidified air for 48 h during artificial ventilation by an
      Engstrom Erica ventilator fitted with a Bennett Cascade Mk2 humidifier. A marked
      increase in resistance was demonstrated. A hypothesis is presented as to the
      aetiology of these findings together with details of minor modifications to the
      system which allow the use of these filters under clinically acceptable
      conditions.

PMID- 6586195
TI  - Endogenous opiate reward induced by an enkephalinase inhibitor, thiorphan,
      injected into the ventral midbrain.
AB  - Opiates are known to be reinforcing when injected into the ventral tegmental area
      (VTA). The present study produced conditioned reinforcement with local injections
      of exogenous d-ala2-met5-enkephalinamide (DALA), a potent analogue of met
      enkephalin, and with thiorphan , an enkephalinase inhibitor which protects
      endogenous opiates from enzymic degradation. In a conditioned place preference
      paradigm, rats received injections of DALA (1.0, 3.0, or 8.0 micrograms),
      thiorphan (60 micrograms), and/or naloxone (10 micrograms), or saline vehicle.
      Conditioned reinforcement was obtained with 8.0 micrograms of DALA and also with
      thiorphan but not with thiorphan plus naloxone. This suggests that reward can be
      generated by endogenous opiates in the VTA. Tests during the light phase and dark
      phase suggested that diurnal periodicity may play a role in opiate reward. It is
      concluded that the VTA can generate conditioned reward through transmitter
      receptor interaction involving an endogenous opiate substrate which is probably
      enkephalinergic.

PMID- 6586197
TI  - A model lung with the capacity for simulated spontaneous breathing.
AB  - A model lung is described which can be ventilated artificially but which also has
      the capacity to breathe spontaneously at pre-determined rate and depth. It
      appears particularly suitable for studying the performance of ventilators which
      interact with the patient, including those with the facility for triggering,
      synchronization and mandatory minute ventilation. An additional facility is the
      blocking of a simulated spontaneous inspiration during an artificial inflation ("
      Hering -Breuer reflex").

PMID- 6586198
TI  - Antigenicity and drug susceptibility of human osteogenic sarcoma cells "escaping"
      a cytotoxic methotrexate-albumin-monoclonal antibody conjugate.
AB  - Cells of osteogenic sarcoma line 791T were treated in vitro with a selectively
      cytotoxic methotrexate-human serum albumin-monoclonal antibody conjugate at
      concentrations which were toxic but allowed the "escape" of a small number of
      tumour cell colonies (less than 0.3% compared with controls). These colonies were
      propagated as clones in order to test their expression of the monoclonal antibody
      ( 791T /36)-defined antigen and their resistance to methotrexate (MTX) by
      comparison with parental cells. Most of the conjugate-treated clones were
      incapable of prolonged growth and died out, in contrast to untreated 791T clones
      which virtually always grow progressively. Only four treated clones grew at rates
      comparable with the parental line. Flow cytofluorometric analysis indicated that
      the surviving clones expressed normal or enhanced amounts of 791T /36-defined
      antigen and clonogenic assays demonstrated that they were sensitive to
      cytotoxicity by MTX. As could be predicted from these results, further exposure
      to the conjugate inhibited growth of the clones at doses comparable with those
      active against parental 791T cells. It is concluded that tumour cell clones
      emerging after exposure to a toxic concentration of a drug-antibody conjugate are
      not necessarily modified resistant clones, but may have severely impaired long
      term growth potential or be susceptible to further contact with the same
      conjugate.

PMID- 6586199
TI  - Decreased natural killer cell activity in generalized pustular psoriasis (von
      Zumbusch type).
AB  - Mononuclear cells isolated from the peripheral blood of four untreated patients
      with pustular psoriasis (von Zumbusch type) displayed greatly diminished natural
      killer cell activity against K-562 erythroleukaemic target cells in a 51Cr
      release assay when compared with mononuclear cells from healthy controls.

PMID- 6586200
TI  - Increased epidermal hyaluronic acid synthesis caused by four retinoids.
AB  - Epidermal hyaluronic acid synthesis in pig skin is increased by all-trans
      retinoic acid, all-trans-retinyl acetate, 13-cis-retinoic acid and etretinate.

PMID- 6586201
TI  - Leukaemia in psoriatic patients treated with razoxane.

PMID- 6586202
TI  - Altered isozyme patterns of leucocyte alkaline phosphatase in disease states.
AB  - Leucocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) is a granulocyte enzyme whose concentration
      varies in disease states. In order to determine whether the pattern of expression
      is altered in leukaemic granulocytes, we have analysed the LAP isozyme pattern of
      a series of normal subjects and patients with various haematological diseases.
      Electrophoretic patterns of partially purified LAP samples were determined by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of Triton X-100. These
      patterns were reproducible on repeated samples from the same patient. Presence of
      the LAPf and LAPs isozymes were determined after staining with the dye Fast Blue
      BB. Granulocytes were obtained from 15 normal subjects. Thirteen of these samples
      had only the LAPs isozyme. The other two had LAPs, plus a small amount (less than
      or equal to 10% of total) of LAPf activity. Eight patients with stable phase
      chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) had only small amounts of the normal LAPs
      isozyme and no evidence of LAPf . Of 11 patients with CGL who clinically had
      blast crisis. 10 had both LAPs and LAPf . The eleventh patient who was Ph1
      negative had only LAPs. Three of five patients with polycythaemia vera had only
      the LAPs isozyme while two had both isozymes. Six patients with non-malignant
      leucocytosis had only LAPs. We interpret this data to indicate that the increased
      levels of LAP activity in some CGL blast crisis patients are primarily related to
      synthesis of the LAPf isozyme.

PMID- 6586203
TI  - Combined esterases in acute myelomonocytic leukaemia.

PMID- 6586204
TI  - Effect of cholesterol and protein content on membrane fluidity and 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in mitochondrial inner membranes of bovine
      adrenal cortex.
AB  - The steroid biosynthetic enzymes in the adrenal cortex are localised in
      endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial membranes. For some of the enzymes in
      endoplasmic reticulum the activity appears to be modulated by lipid fluidity, (21
      hydroxysteroid hydroxylase and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase). A mechanism
      for the regulation of corticosteroid biosynthesis mediated by the membrane
      fluidity has been suggested. Therefore a study of the mitochondrial inner
      membrane of the bovine adrenal cortex has been undertaken in comparison with a
      previous study of the endoplasmic reticulum. The kinetic parameters of the 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase were studied as a function of pH and temperature. No
      thermal transition can be observed in the Arrhenius plot for this enzyme in
      contrast with the results obtained for the microsomal enzyme. Membrane fluidity
      using, as fluorescent probes, diphenylhexatriene and a set of n-(9
      anthroyloxy)fatty acids has been also studied as a function of temperature with
      or without addition of cholesterol. No thermal transition in the lipid phase can
      be observed. The addition of cholesterol to total mitochondrial membrane as to a
      lipid extract of the membrane decreases fluidity to the same extent as it does
      with microsomes. The presence of a large amount of protein in mitochondria has an
      effect which is additive to that of the cholesterol.

PMID- 6586205
TI  - Kinetic studies of rat ovarian 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
AB  - Rat ovarian 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was purified 230-fold with a
      48% recovery through a 3-step process involving hydrophobic, gel filtration and
      green dye affinity chromatography. The purified enzyme was demonstrated to be a
      single polypeptide chain of Mr 36 000. Initial velocity studies of all four
      substrates in the forward and reverse reactions indicated a sequential mechanism
      for the enzyme. Product inhibition and dead-end inhibition studies with substrate
      analogs were consistent with an ordered bi-bi mechanism in which NADP is the
      first substrate bound to the enzyme and NADPH, the second product released.
      Several NADP analogs were demonstrated to function as coenzymes in the reaction
      catalyzed. The purified enzyme was denatured at moderate temperatures and the
      binding of NADP protected the enzyme against thermal denaturation.

PMID- 6586206
TI  - [Analysis of the shape of gamma-resonance absorption curves of blood
      oxyhemoglobin in leukemia].
AB  - It is shown that parameters (Tm, delta T) and differential melting curves (DMC)
      of DNA from normal and tissues differ from that of tumor (sarcoma 45) tissues.
      There is observed a displacement of DMC about 1 degree C to low temperatures and
      appearance of additional peaks in the region of 54-61 degrees C, which is
      apparently connected with melting of DNA parts with different origin of
      destabilization.

PMID- 6586207
TI  - Endometrial prostaglandins and phospholipase activity related to implantation in
      rabbits: effects of dexamethasone.
AB  - The anti-inflammatory steroid, dexamethasone, was demonstrated to have an
      antifertility effect in rabbits when administered systemically on Days 5-7 of
      pregnancy. The effects of this agent on prostaglandin (PG) concentrations and
      phospholipase activity in endometrium were determined. Using a highly specific
      and sensitive gas chromatography-mass spectometry (GC-MS) method, it was
      established that PGF2 alpha, PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha concentrations are all
      significantly elevated in implant site endometrium relative to nonimplant regions
      on Day 7 postcoitus (p.c.). Although these levels were strikingly lowered in
      indomethacin-treated females, the administration of dexamethasone altered the
      balance between the various PGs but did not reduce tissue levels greatly.
      Determinations of PG levels in uterine venous plasma likewise demonstrated that
      neither synthesis nor release of PGs had been drastically curtailed by
      dexamethasone treatment. Endometrial phospholipase activity was determined on
      Days 6, 7 and 8 of pregnancy. Enzyme activity was elevated on Day 7 relative to
      the other days and implant site activity was significantly greater than
      nonimplant region activity on both Days 6 and 7. Treatment with either
      dexamethasone or indomethacin reduced the Day 7 activity to baseline levels and
      obliterated the differential between implant and nonimplant regions. The
      dexamethasone effect appears to be mediated by induction of a transferable
      inhibitory factor. Thus, while indomethacin and dexamethasone have similar
      effects on pregnancy when present during the implantation period, their
      respective mechanisms of action may be different. Even though dexamethasone
      inhibits endometrial phospholipase activity, this is not attended by inhibition
      of PG generation.

PMID- 6586208
TI  - A PGE2-derivative for quantitative gas chromatographic mass spectrometric
      measurement in the selected ion monitoring mode.
AB  - The quantification of prostaglandin PGE2 by gas chromatography mass spectrometry
      in the form of an easily prepared derivative is described. After extraction and
      purification of biological samples the compound was derivatized in two steps to 9
      enol-PGE2- methylester - trimethylsilylether , 9-enol-PGE2-Me- TMS3 . The
      molecular ion at m/z 582 with 40% relative abundance and the fragment ion at m/z
      492 with 100% relative abundance permit a specific and sensitive evaluation in
      the selected ion monitoring mode. The high masses selected lie above the
      biological background. The calibration curve produced by adding known amounts (10
      200 ng) of PGE2 to blank human urine and with (2H4)-deuterated PGE2 as internal
      standard gave a linear correlation. The separation from biological impurities was
      obtained on a 50 m glass capillary column and resulted in sharp and symmetrical
      peaks.

PMID- 6586209
TI  - The effect of prostaglandins E1 and E2 on macrophage progenitor cells with high
      proliferative potential in mouse bone marrow in vitro.
AB  - High proliferative potential macrophage progenitor cells (HPP-CFC) in 5
      fluorouracil (FU) treated and normal mouse bone marrow (BM) have been shown to be
      less sensitive to inhibition of proliferation by prostaglandins of the E series
      (PGE) than low proliferative potential macrophage progenitor cells (LPP-CFC) in
      normal BM in agar cultures. The growth of large colonies (diameter greater than
      0.5 mm) derived from HPP-CFC in FU BM, which require a combination of macrophage
      colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) plus a new growth factor called synergistic
      activity (SA), are inhibited by 50% in the presence of 5.5 X 10(-6) M PGE1. On
      the other hand, LPP-CFC in normal BM, which form smaller colonies (diameter less
      than or equal to 0.5 mm) in the presence of CSF-1 alone, require only 5 X 10(-8)
      M PGE1 for the same level of inhibition. Addition of appropriate concentrations
      of PGE1 to the agar culture assay should improve detection of HPP-CFC by
      inhibiting the proliferation of LPP-CFC. These observations suggest that the
      apparent negative feedback control of macrophage production by PGE operates
      largely on the LPP-CFC, which respond to CSF-1 alone, and is probably not
      involved in the regulation of the more primitive HPP-CFC.

PMID- 6586210
TI  - Classification of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia according to the distribution
      picture of peroxidase activity and cell size: correlation between the
      classification and therapeutic response.
AB  - A distribution picture was prepared on the basis of the correlation between
      peroxidase activity and cell size in leukemic cells using an automated leukocyte
      differential counter (Hemalog-D). From this, acute nonlymphocytic leukemia was
      classified into three groups in which the therapeutic response was examined. The
      leukemic cells of Group I were medium or large and were negative or weakly
      positive to peroxidase. These cells were characterized by their location in the
      upper part of the normal lymphocyte distribution. The leukocyte differential
      count, measured by a computer on the basis of the distribution picture, showed an
      increase in large unstained cells (LUC) and lymphocytes. The leukemic cells of
      Group II were large and positive to peroxidase and were characterized by their
      location in the right upper part, across the region of LUC, monocytes, basophil
      and neutrophil leukocytes as seen in the distribution picture. The findings of
      Hemalog-D showed an increase in LUC, remainder and neutrophil leukocytes. The
      leukemic cells of Group III were medium-sized and moderately or strongly positive
      to peroxidase. This group was characterized by their location in the lower part
      of normal neutrophil leukocytes and Hemalog-D showed an increase in neutrophil
      leukocytes. A total of 71 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were
      assessed according to this classification. Group I (14 patients): 11 with acute
      myelogenous leukemia (AML), 2 with acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) and 1 with
      acute myelomonocytic leukemia ( AMMoL ); Group II (17 patients): 7 with AML and
      10 with AMoL; Group III (40 patients): 28 with AML, 4 with AMoL, 1 with AMMoL and
      7 with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). These groups were treated with the
      protocol (DCMP two step, BH-AC DMP, BH-AC AMP) established by the Yamada Leukemia
      Study Group of the Japan Welfare Ministry Cancer Research Project (chairman
      Yamada, K). The complete remission rate was 35.7% in Group I, 58.8% in Group II
      and 85.0% in Group III. The difference between Groups I and III was statistically
      significant (P less than 0.005), as was the difference between Groups II and III
      (P less than 0.1), while that between Groups I and II was not significant. The
      median survival was 12 months in Group I, 9 months in Group II and 15 months in
      the Group III and the difference between Groups I and III was statistically
      significant (P less than 0.05). Group III included a small number of AMoL and APL
      patients in addition to AML, while Groups I and II consisted mainly of patients
      with AMoL and AML.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6586211
TI  - Clinical trial of low-dose Ara-C in the treatment of acute leukemia and
      myelodysplasia.
AB  - In a multicenter analysis, the effect of low-dose cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C)(10
      mg/ m2q 12 h subcutaneously for a minimum of 15 days) has been assessed in 13
      patients with acute leukemia (10 myeloid-AML-, 3 lymphocytic-ALL-) and 7 patients
      with dysmyelopoietic syndromes (DMPS), conditions classified as refractory anemia
      with an excess of blasts ( RAEB ). Seven patients suffering from acute leukemia
      and 1 with DMPS in blastic transformation displayed a leukocytosis of more than
      10 X 10(9)/1. Three out of 7 DMPS, 1 out of 10 AML achieved a complete remission,
      1 out of 3 ALL-patients reached a partial remission twice. Seven patients showed
      a blast clearing in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, in another 7 instances
      examination of the bone marrow was not performed after therapy because of early
      death. The majority of patients were in their late phase of disease and
      refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Only 5 patients had no pretreatment at
      first presentation before low-dose Ara-C was initiated. At least for the DMPS
      group, this therapeutic approach seems to be of some benefit.

PMID- 6586212
TI  - Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with involvement of eosinophils and inversion of
      chromosome 16.
AB  - A case of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) with abnormal marrow eosinophils
      is presented. Thorough morphological, cytochemical, and cytogenetic studies
      confirm the existence of a recently defined new cytogenetic-morphological entity:
      acute myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal bone marrow eosinophils (FAB M4),
      chloracetate esterase- and periodic acid-Schiff-positivity of eosinophilic
      granules, and pericentric inversion of chromosome 16, in this case combined with
      trisomy 8. So far 18 such cases have been reported from a single institution. The
      implications of this new association on the diagnosis of acute leukemia with
      abnormal eosinophils are discussed.

PMID- 6586213
TI  - Dentistry's exemplary record in containing dental health care costs.

PMID- 6586214
TI  - [Regeneration of the tooth in the guinea pig].

PMID- 6586215
TI  - [In vitro cytotoxicity of certain obturation synthetic resins. Preliminary
      results].

PMID- 6586216
TI  - [On the arterial distribution of the goat parotid gland].

PMID- 6586217
TI  - [On the arterial distribution to the bones of the palate in the rabbit].

PMID- 6586218
TI  - [Fine structure of buried pulp tissues of the rabbit molar].

PMID- 6586219
TI  - [Report on clinico-pathological studies at Josai Dental University Clinic (3)].

PMID- 6586220
TI  - [Histopathological study on changes in the epithelial layer of oral mucosal
      lesions].

PMID- 6586221
TI  - [Clinico-pathological studies on tumors and tumor-like lesions observed at Josai
      Dental University Hospital].

PMID- 6586222
TI  - [Adaptation of various metal inlays to Class V cavities].

PMID- 6586224
TI  - [Effect of the tooth contour on gingival health. 1. Buccal contour and overlap of
      the natural tooth].

PMID- 6586223
TI  - [Evaluation of absorbent plastic point type II in endodontics].

PMID- 6586225
TI  - [A new method for measurement of contact pressure in bone coadaptation.
      Measurement of contact pressure between fracture ends during coadaptation by
      interosseous wiring].

PMID- 6586226
TI  - [Postnatal development of the masticatory organs in rodents].

PMID- 6586227
TI  - [Changes in caries prevalence in Josai Dental University students during their 6
      year academic course].

PMID- 6586228
TI  - [The concentration of fluoride in plaque, with special reference to salivary
      fluoride].

PMID- 6586229
TI  - [Studies on isolated rat hepatocytes (5). Effects on platonin].

PMID- 6586231
TI  - [Presentation of the Kanppo diagnostic criteria chart. II. Practical
      applications].

PMID- 6586232
TI  - [Prophylactic treatment of retinal detachment by photocoagulation].

PMID- 6586230
TI  - [Presentation of the Kanppo diagnostic criteria chart. I. A theoretical study].

PMID- 6586233
TI  - [A case of facial asymmetry resulting from unilateral TMJ ankylosis].

PMID- 6586234
TI  - [A case of gingival fibromatosis].

PMID- 6586235
TI  - A case of neurinoma of plica pterygomandibularis.

PMID- 6586236
TI  - [A case of postoperative maxillary cyst with ocular complication].

PMID- 6586238
TI  - [Clinical experiences with Bioceram].

PMID- 6586237
TI  - [A large epidermoid cyst in the floor of the mouth. A case report].

PMID- 6586239
TI  - Resolution concerning the disposal in New York City of biomedical waste
      containing de minimis levels of radioactivity. The Committee on Public Health.
      The New York Academy of Medicine.

PMID- 6586240
TI  - Symposium on the training of tomorrow's physicians: how well are we meeting
      society's expectations? Committee on Medical Education, the New York Academy of
      Medicine.

PMID- 6586241
TI  - Tomorrow's physician.

PMID- 6586242
TI  - Corporate demands of physicians: the sculpting of future supplies by disciples of
      Adam Smith.

PMID- 6586243
TI  - Technology issues for the new physician.

PMID- 6586244
TI  - High tech: can it ever replace the "bedside manner"?

PMID- 6586245
TI  - Health care: a corporate perspective.

PMID- 6586246
TI  - The medical school years: education or training?

PMID- 6586247
TI  - A different approach to the clinical education of physicians.

PMID- 6586248
TI  - The medical school student and the faculty forest.

PMID- 6586249
TI  - Practice versus theory in academic medicine: the conflict between house officers
      and attending physicians.

PMID- 6586250
TI  - The pharmacokinetics of new cephalosporins: significance in clinical practice.

PMID- 6586252
TI  - Advances in cataract surgery and the management of aphakia.

PMID- 6586251
TI  - Toxic and adverse reactions encountered with new beta-lactam antibiotics.

PMID- 6586253
TI  - Influence of the anticoccidials clopidol/methylbenzoquate and robenidine on
      fertility and progeny of female rabbits.

PMID- 6586254
TI  - Sensory consequences of commissural myelotomy. A challenge to traditional
      anatomical concepts.
AB  - Twenty-five cases of commissural myelotomy were studied. Representative cases are
      reported, including a histological examination of the lesion in one. Although the
      purpose of the operation is to produce a cuirass of loss of pain sensibility by
      dividing the spinothalamic and spinoreticulothalamic fibres as they decussate in
      the anterior commissure of the cord, this result is not always obtained. Whether
      or not the expected sensory loss is obtained, the chronic pain for which the
      operation is performed can be relieved. Sensibility tends to return towards
      normal after myelotomy. Even with substantial recovery of sensory loss, the pain
      for which the operation was performed can remain absent. Asymmetrical sensory
      loss may be produced by the operation; reasons for this are suggested.
      Differences between the results of commissural myelotomy and anterolateral
      cordotomy are discussed. Unlike the results of anterolateral cordotomy, which can
      be accounted for on the basis of known anatomy, the results of commissural
      myelotomy are inexplicable on present anatomical knowledge. Attention is drawn to
      the results of myelotomy reported originally by Hitchcock and confirmed by other
      neurosurgeons in which a short myelotomy incision in the upper cervical cord
      caused loss of pain over a vast region of the body. The difficulty in explaining
      the patterns of sensory loss in these cases is discussed. The literature on
      pathways alternative to the spinothalamic and spinoreticulothalamic is reviewed.
      It is argued that the central incision cannot cause relief of pain merely by
      cutting an afferent pathway, and it is suggested that this lesion blocks impulses
      entering into, in, or leaving the spinothalamic complex. The accurate
      localization of pinprick and thermal stimuli via the spinothalamic tract is
      demonstrated.

PMID- 6586255
TI  - The inhibitory effect of opioid peptides and morphine applied intrathecally and
      intracerebroventricularly on the micturition reflex in the cat.
AB  - Intrathecal (i.t.) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of
      enkephalins and enkephalin analogs inhibited reflex contractions of the urinary
      bladder and firing in vesical parasympathetic postganglionic nerves. Leucine- and
      methionine-enkephalin (L-Enk and M-Enk, mean threshold doses: 110 micrograms,
      i.t. and 17 micrograms, i.c.v.) elicited short-lasting inhibition (3-30 min),
      whereas D-Ala2-leucine- and D-Ala2-methionine enkephalinamide (mean threshold
      dose 23 microgram, i.t.), produced more prominent and prolonged inhibition (1.5-3
      h). DSLET , a delta selective opiate receptor agonist, blocked bladder activity
      when injected i.c.v. or i.t. (mean threshold doses 0.08 microgram and 13
      micrograms), whereas morphine, which has greater affinity for mu opiate
      receptors, was effective by i.c.v. and intravenous (i.v.) injection (mean
      threshold doses, 5 micrograms and 300 micrograms/kg), but not by i.t. injection
      (200-400 micrograms). Thiorphan (50-200 micrograms, i.t., i.c.v.) enhanced the
      responses to L-Enk, whereas naloxone (10-50 micrograms, i.t., i.c.v., i.v.),
      blocked the responses to all opioid substances. In untreated animals thiorphan
      depressed and naloxone enhanced bladder reflexes. With i.t. administration
      naloxone (10-200 micrograms) increased the duration and magnitude of bladder
      contractions, whereas with i.c.v. injections, the drug increased the frequency
      and reduced the amplitude of the contractions. Large doses of naloxone i.t., but
      not i.c.v., produced sustained bladder contractions and versical efferent firing.
      These results indicate that bladder reflexes are controlled by tonic
      enkephalinergic inhibitory mechanisms in both the brain and spinal cord. In the
      brain enkephalinergic inhibition which was mediated by delta and mu opiate
      receptors, seems to control the frequency of bladder contractions and micturition
      threshold, whereas in the spinal cord, inhibition is mediated by delta receptors
      and seems to control the magnitude of bladder contractions.

PMID- 6586256
TI  - Control of burn wound infections by pefloxacin and its silver derivative.
AB  - As might be anticipated, strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to silver
      sulfadiazine have appeared. We have found an analogue of nalidixic acid
      (pefloxacin) which, along with its silver derivative, is highly effective against
      these resistant strains. In vitro the minimal inhibitory concentrations are 10 to
      20 times lower than that of silver sulfadiazine against bacteria. In burned mice
      and rats infected with silver sulfadiazine resistant pseudomonas strains,
      mortality in groups receiving topical therapy with pefloxacin and silver
      pefloxacin is about 10 per cent compared to 80 per cent with silver sulfadiazine
      (100 per cent in untreated controls). There is little systemic absorption of
      pefloxacin and no absorption of silver from topical treatment. In addition,
      silver pefloxacin exhibits higher antifungal activity in vitro.

PMID- 6586257
TI  - [Modus of elasticity at the heart of polymethylmethacrylates].

PMID- 6586258
TI  - [Mucosal hyperplasias and hypertrophies. Prosthetic problems. Surgical
      techniques].

PMID- 6586260
TI  - The evolution of oral surgery: a personal perspective.

PMID- 6586259
TI  - [Inflammatory reactions in supporting surfaces in the treatment of the totally
      edentulous].

PMID- 6586261
TI  - Do today's dental schools teach assembly-line dentistry?

PMID- 6586263
TI  - Dental time is priceless.

PMID- 6586262
TI  - Expand your practice: part five.

PMID- 6586264
TI  - Are you overstaffed?

PMID- 6586265
TI  - What dental hygiene students think about notetaking in lectures.

PMID- 6586266
TI  - Safety in the operating room.

PMID- 6586267
TI  - Occupational health hazard for dental personnel. Inhalation exposure. Respiratory
      hazards.

PMID- 6586268
TI  - The importance of statistics and studies in the CFDS.

PMID- 6586269
TI  - Local anesthetic complications.

PMID- 6586270
TI  - The laboratory: a technician's perspective.

PMID- 6586271
TI  - Dental assisting in a two chair clinic.

PMID- 6586272
TI  - Preoperative administration of high-dose methotrexate for osteosarcoma.
AB  - Nine patients, aged 9 to 27 years (median 16 years), with osteosarcoma were given
      high-dose methotrexate followed by folinic acid rescue before amputation. The
      dose of methotrexate was 12 g/m2 for children under 12 years of age and 8 g/m2
      for those over 12 years. Amputation was done after two to five (median four)
      courses of the drug. Between 5% and 60% of tumour cells were nonviable on
      histologic examination. No renal or hematologic toxicity was encountered. Mild
      mucositis and abnormal liver chemistry were present, usually after the third dose
      of methotrexate. Patients who achieved higher serum methotrexate levels at 24
      hours after administration also had greater tumour necrosis. Postoperatively,
      chemotherapy was changed to cis-platinum, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide,
      actinomycin and bleomycin. Seven patients finished their medication 17 to 35
      months after diagnosis. One patient died after refusing chemotherapy
      postoperatively and another is alive with pulmonary metastases. Preoperative
      chemotherapy is a novel approach to the treatment of osteosarcoma and further
      modification of the treatment protocol may improve results.

PMID- 6586273
TI  - Respiratory poliomyelitis: a follow-up study.
AB  - Data from the medical records of 113 patients living in Manitoba who had
      contracted respiratory poliomyelitis between 1952 and 1959 were compared with
      information obtained from interviews with these patients in 1980. The study was
      designed to determine whether the patients' respiratory function, mobility,
      ability to perform daily tasks, and employment, residential and marital status
      had changed between 1 year after the onset of polio and 1980. The patients'
      dependence on mechanical aids and other people was also studied. More than half
      (56%) of the patients perceived their respiratory impairment to be the same as it
      was 1 year after the onset of polio, 27% perceived the impairment to be
      increased, and 17% perceived it to be decreased. There was an association between
      level of respiratory function, mobility and ability to perform daily tasks. The
      69 patients who lived at home had better respiratory function, mobility and
      ability to perform daily tasks than the 24 patients who were assisted by a home
      care program and the 20 who lived in hospital. The latter group had the lowest
      levels of respiratory and functional ability.

PMID- 6586274
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma of the fourth thoracic vertebra. Long-term survival by
      chemotherapy only.
AB  - A unique case of a 15-year-old boy with complete paraplegia due to the
      compression of osteogenic sarcoma at the fourth thoracic vertebra is presented.
      Because of the difficulty of surgical treatment, he was treated merely by the
      arterial infusion of Adriamycin (doxorubicin) and systemic chemotherapy in
      conformity with the cyclophosphamide, Oncovin (vincristine), methotrexate,
      phenylalanine mustard, Adriamycin (doxorubicin) ( COMPADRI )-III regimen. The
      patient regained normal function, and has been disease-free without any
      neurologic deficit for 6 years. There appears to be some hope for cure using
      chemotherapy only in otherwise unpromising patients.

PMID- 6586275
TI  - The air crescent sign of invasive pulmonary mucormycosis in acute leukemia.
AB  - An unusual radiographic sign of crescentic cavitation appeared in a case of
      invasive pulmonary mucormycosis complicating the treatment of a patient with
      acute myelogenous leukemia and having a normal admission chest radiograph. The
      first manifestation was a large, wedge-shaped pleural-based consolidation, which
      evolved about 10 days later into a fungus ball-like lesion, usually known as the
      air crescent sign. Amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine, which were initiated
      immediately after appearance of the sign, proved to be effective, probably in
      association with hematologic improvement. Transbronchial lung biopsy was not only
      helpful in establishing a definitive diagnosis, but also suggested that an
      intracavitary mass could have resulted from pulmonary infarction. This experience
      thus showed that the sign may appear in greater frequency in mucormycosis as well
      as in aspergillosis, and may be useful as a clinical index for initiating
      antifungal therapy in immunocompromised patients.

PMID- 6586276
TI  - Complete remission in prolymphocytic leukemia with 4-demethoxydaunorubicin and
      arabinosyl cytosine.
AB  - Prolymphocytic leukemia (PL) is a morphologically distinct disease generally
      characterized by unsatisfactory therapeutic response and brief survival.
      Aggressive chemotherapy protocols including doxorubicin (DX) have been
      successfully used as alternatives to treatments usually effective in chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). A patient with typical PL, resistant to regimens
      containing DX, was treated with 4-demethoxydaunorubicin (4-dm DNR), a new
      anthracycline analog derived from daunorubicin (DNR). The therapeutic response
      was rapid and impressive; furthermore 4-dm DNR combined with arabinosyl cytosine
      (Ara-C) produced a complete remission which is unusual in PL.

PMID- 6586277
TI  - Evaluation of AMSA in children with acute leukemia. A Pediatric Oncology Group
      study.
AB  - One hundred four children with advanced leukemia in relapse (74 with acute
      lymphocytic leukemia [ALL] and 30 with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia [ANLL])
      received AMSA (4'-(9-Acridinylamino) methanesulfon -m-anisidide) at a dose of 120
      mg/m2/day for 5 days (Regimen I) or 60 mg/m2/day for 10 days (Regimen II).
      Children with ALL were randomized between Regimens I and II (31 and 36 evaluable
      patients, respectively). All 29 evaluable patients with ANLL were treated on
      Regimen I. Eighty-eight percent of evaluable patients experienced severe or life
      threatening toxicity, with no statistical differences between Regimens I and II.
      Bacterial or fungal infections (considered life-threatening or fatal) occurred in
      17 children with ALL and in 7 with ANLL. Fatal cardiac toxicity occurred in one
      patient. Complete or partial response occurred in 25.0% (SE = 8.8%), 28.1% (SE =
      8.0%), and 25.9% (SE = 8.4%) of evaluable patients on ALL Regimen I, ALL Regimen
      II, and ANLL, respectively. However, responses were of short duration (16-91
      days). There was no significant difference in the duration of survival from
      treatment start for the two ALL regimens (P = 0.46). The median duration of
      survival for ANLL patients was significantly longer (P = 0.004) than that of ALL
      patients treated on Regimens I and II combined. Eighty-two percent of the
      complete or partial responses (18 of 22) occurred after the first course of AMSA.
      At the dose schedules investigated, and in a heavily pretreated patient
      population, AMSA had activity in childhood leukemia. However, the high incidence
      of severe, life-threatening, or fatal infections meant that the quality and
      quantity of responses and survival was not commensurate with the toxicity, and
      that it would be difficult to incorporate this drug into combination chemotherapy
      with other myelosuppressive agents.

PMID- 6586278
TI  - Megakaryoblastic transformation in myeloproliferative disorders.
AB  - Megakaryoblastic transformation, with cells showing characteristic morphology and
      ultrastructural cytochemistry, developed in two patients with agnogenic myeloid
      metaplasia or myelofibrosis, and in one with chronic granulocytic leukemia. From
      the onset of the leukemic phase, all three have followed a relatively benign
      clinical course, surviving for 48, 29, and 24 months, respectively; only
      hydroxyurea has been necessary to control thrombocytosis. This experience
      emphasizes that it is possible for a patient to have an improved quality of life
      with minimum chemotherapy. In contrast, megakaryoblastic leukemia or acute
      myelofibrosis, where splenomegaly and a leukoerythroblastic blood picture are
      typically absent, responds poorly to any form of chemotherapy, and survival is
      short.

PMID- 6586279
TI  - Centromere spreading in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Centromere spreading (CS) was observed in bone marrow chromosomes from a patient
      with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), prior to therapy. The abnormality was
      found in a direct specimen, in a 24-hr culture, and in a culture treated with the
      methotrexate synchronization technique. A small hypodiploid clone, 45,XY,-19, was
      also observed. This case provides further evidence that CS can occur in acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). The possible relationship between CS and
      hypodiploidy in this and other reported cases of ANLL is discussed.

PMID- 6586280
TI  - Coexistence of cells with unmasked and masked Ph1 in a case of chronic myeloid
      leukemia in blastic phase.
AB  - Bone marrow from a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia in blastic phase at
      diagnosis showed cells with t(9;22), as well as others with a 22q+ marker. The
      marker was due to t(8;22), and consequently, these cells presented a masked Ph1:
      t(8;9;22) (q24.2;q34;q11). The marrow contained a wide variety of abnormal
      clones, which formed an evolutionary pedigree. The pedigree allowed location of
      the stage of evolution at which masking of the Ph1 had taken place.

PMID- 6586281
TI  - Out-of-phase separation of a G-group chromosome in a woman with chronic
      myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - This report describes a case of out-of-phase (premature) centromere separation of
      a G-group chromosome in bone marrow cells of a woman with Ph1-negative, chronic
      myelogenous leukemia. Attention is drawn to the occurrence of this new
      cytogenetic anomaly in human disease.

PMID- 6586282
TI  - Chronic myeloid leukemia with a Philadelphia chromosome involving a t(21;22).
AB  - A second example of chronic myeloid leukemia showing translocation of material
      from the long arm of chromosome #22 to the long arm of chromosome #21, ( 21q
      +:22q-), is reported. The patient presented with the typical clinico-pathologic
      features of the disease.

PMID- 6586283
TI  - A case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia with bone marrow eosinophilia,
      pericentric inversion 16 and trisomy 8.

PMID- 6586284
TI  - Cis-trans position effect in cancer translocations.
AB  - Translocations of chromosomes occurring in human cancer cells appear specific to
      the type of cell from which the cancer arises. To explain the action of these
      translocations, we propose dual position effect: Position effect of the cis type
      transforms the cell to malignancy, while position effect of the trans type
      permits the normal homologous chromosome to express a normal gene product. Thus,
      the translocation itself has to do with malignant transformation, while the
      normal homologous chromosome performs its normal function. This dual concept is
      illustrated by t(8;14) in Burkitt's lymphoma. The concept can be tested with
      t(2;18) and t(8;22) in lymphoid malignancies and with other translocations and
      chromosome rearrangements marking human cancer cells.

PMID- 6586285
TI  - The incidence, type, and subsequent evolution of 14 variant Ph1 translocations in
      180 South African patients with Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia.
AB  - A Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome translocation was found in 180 of 198 cases of
      chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). A standard t(9;22) was present in 166 patients,
      83 of whom were black, 79 white, and 4 of "mixed" ancestry; whereas a variant Ph1
      translocation was detected in 14 patients (7.8%), 11 of whom were black and only
      3 white. There was a higher frequency of a variant Ph1 among black patients
      compared with whites. The significantly higher frequency of a variant among our
      patients compared with surveys from elsewhere could be due to differing
      environmental agents. Simple variants were detected in four patients. Complex
      variants were found in eight cases; in one of these patients, only chromosomes #9
      and #22 were involved, but a complex rearrangement of chromosome #9 had occurred.
      A "masked" Ph1 translocation was detected in two cases, both of which showed
      monosomy #22 because the Ph1 chromosome was incorporated or interchanged with
      chromosome #9. Karyotypic evolution of the Ph1-positive cell line was observed
      more frequently in the variant group (71.4%) than the standard group (29.5%).
      This difference was significant (p less than 0.005). There was no difference in
      the type of clonal changes seen in standard and variant groups. The majority of
      clonal changes were observed during the acute stage in both groups. In the
      variant group, there was no obvious correlation between the type of variant, type
      of clonal change, blast morphology, or survival. Their initial survival pattern
      resembled that of Ph1-negative cases, but those patients who survived longer than
      1 year showed a survival trend similar to standard Ph1-positive cases. Possible
      explanations for the specificity of chromosome #22 involvement and the constancy
      of the 22q11 breakpoint in all these variant translocations are discussed.

PMID- 6586286
TI  - Macromolecular and cell cycle effects of different classes of agents inducing the
      maturation of human myeloblastic leukemia (ML-1) cells.
AB  - The effect of various classes of differentiation-inducing agents on
      macromolecular synthesis was studied in a human myeloblastic leukemia cell line
      (ML-1). Antineoplastic drugs such as 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine,
      daunorubicin, and actinomycin D caused early inhibition of DNA synthesis, which
      generally preceded the accrual of differentiation markers. In contrast, retinoic
      acid and conditioned medium from mitogen-stimulated leukocytes caused a delayed
      decline in DNA synthesis, which accompanied the appearance of maturing
      morphology. With 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, the decline in DNA
      synthesis was temporally linked to the onset of maturation, and this agent
      evidenced some properties of both the antineoplastic agents and the more
      physiological inducers, retinoic acid and conditioned medium. Antineoplastic
      agents and conditioned medium, when applied simultaneously, induced
      differentiation in an additive or synergistic manner, simulating the effects of
      12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. RNA and protein synthesis continued during
      maturation induced with all these agents, although a partial reduction in RNA
      synthesis was observed at later time points (greater than or equal to 24 hr).
      Agents incapable of inducing differentiation, such as cordycepin and
      cycloheximide, were characterized by a lack of sustained inhibition of DNA
      synthesis and/or by early (3 hr) inhibition of RNA or protein synthesis. The
      decline in DNA synthesis caused by the inducing agents was accompanied by
      decreased cell cycle progression, cells accumulating largely in G1 phase. With
      daunorubicin and actinomycin D, block of the G1-S transition was evident at 24
      hr, whereas with conditioned medium and retinoic acid, accumulation in G1
      occurred in a progressive fashion, greater than 77% of cells residing in this
      phase on Day 6. Maximal inducing doses of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
      (greater than 80% differentiation) caused an accumulation of cells in G1, as well
      as an accumulation of cells with a G2-M-phase DNA content (approximately 40%).
      These observations indicate that early inhibition of DNA synthesis, with sparing
      of RNA and protein synthesis, is characteristic of the differentiation-inducing
      antineoplastic drugs examined. These agents may induce differentiation by
      inhibition of the proliferation path, whereas conditioned medium and retinoic
      acid may act by the stimulation of differentiation paths. Differentiation can be
      enhanced by the simultaneous application of agents targeting both of these paths.

PMID- 6586287
TI  - Potentiation of methotrexate toxicity by dipyridamole.
AB  - Dipyridamole, an inhibitor of facilitated transport systems for purines and
      pyrimidines, was shown to enhance the toxicity of methotrexate (MTX) against
      cells in culture and in mice. Under certain incubation conditions, the
      availability of performed purines and pyrimidines in undialyzed serum appeared to
      render Chinese hamster ovary cells insensitive to MTX. Addition to the culture of
      nontoxic levels of dipyridamole conferred sensitivity to MTX. Inhibition of
      [3H]thymidine uptake by dipyridamole paralleled the enhanced MTX toxicity in a
      comparison of the dose-effect relationships. Inhibition of [3H]hypoxanthine
      uptake also occurred, although approximately 10-fold higher levels of
      dipyridamole were required. In vivo dipyridamole enhanced MTX toxicity in mice;
      however, the antitumor activity of MTX toward Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma and
      L1210 leukemia was not dramatically improved.

PMID- 6586288
TI  - Differentiation properties of avian tumor cell lines: analysis using chicken
      fetal antigen and other markers.
AB  - Three avian lymphoblastoid tumor cell lines were compared for the expression of
      the serologically complex cell surface antigen, chicken fetal antigen (CFA), and
      other properties associated with differentiation. Two Marek's disease cell lines
      (CU-12 and CU-36) and a cell line associated with lymphoid leukosis (CU-10) were
      all found to differ qualitatively in the expression of CFA. While both Marek's
      disease cell lines exhibited overall phenotypes similar to those of T
      lymphocytes, the lymphoid leukosis cell line possessed characteristics in common
      with either immature lymphocytes or cells of the reticuloendothelial system. The
      specific patterns of CFA expression on these lymphoid tumor cells may be related
      to the particular level of differentiation blockage during tumorigenesis as has
      been proposed for erythroblastosis. The lymphoid leukosis cell line exhibited a
      pattern of CFA expression that would not distinguish between the possibility of
      differentiation blockage versus retrogenic expression. Since CFA is known to be
      associated with a series of cell surface glycoproteins, the exact relationship
      between individual molecules, the level of lymphoid differentiation, and changes
      associated with tumorigenesis may now be examined.

PMID- 6586289
TI  - Cytotoxic and cytodifferentiative components of 6-thioguanine resistance in HL-60
      cells containing acquired double minute chromosomes.
AB  - As an experimental strategy for potentially dissociating and studying the
      cytotoxic and cytodifferentiative antileukemic effects of 6-thioguanine (6-TG),
      cultured human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) were serially selected for
      growth in increasing concentrations of 6-TG (0.5 to 50 micrograms/ml). Three
      acquired characteristics, cytotoxic resistance, cytodifferentiative resistance,
      and double minute chromosomes (DM), were monitored at successive 6-TG selection
      levels. Approximately 200-fold resistance to the cytotoxic effect of 6-TG was
      acquired at the first selection step, and it neither increased at higher 6-TG
      selection levels nor reverted to greater sensitivity in cells subcultured off of
      drug. This was due to the irreversible loss of hypoxanthine-guanine
      phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) activity. In contrast, a lesser, not completely
      quantifiable, degree of resistance developed to the cytodifferentiative effects
      of the purine nucleobases hypoxanthine and 6-TG which varied as a function of 6
      TG selection pressure. Numerous DM, not observed in the parental wild-type HL-60
      cells, appeared at 6-TG (0.5 micrograms/ml) selection which varied substantially
      in parallel with 6-TG selection pressure up to 6-TG (20 micrograms/ml). At higher
      selection levels (50 micrograms/ml or prolonged culture on 20 micrograms/ml), a
      marked decrease in DM occurred which was associated with the acquisition of new
      marker chromosomes. The most consistent marker was a chromosome 6 with additional
      material in the short arm (6p+); this was noted as a single copy in the basal 6
      TG/20 subline but as two copies (trisomy 6; 2p+) in independently selected higher
      6-TG-resistant subcultures. These cytogenetic findings suggest the presence of
      amplified genes which increased in number and shifted from a predominance in
      extra-chromosomal DM to intrachromosomal sites as a function of 6-TG selection.
      Among the 6-TG-resistant sublines, there was no change or a decrease in the
      amplification level of the known amplified oncogene c-myc from that demonstrated
      in parental HL-60 cells. Although proof requires detailed analyses with specific
      gene probes, the overall results imply that: (a) the cytotoxic component of the
      resistance is due to an invariant loss of HPRT which, therefore, is not likely to
      be related to amplified genes; (b) the cytodifferentiative component of the
      resistance is due to a positively selectable mechanism which could be directly or
      indirectly related to 6-TG-selected amplified genes; and (c) variations in the
      cytogenetic indicators of amplified genes and the resistance to 6-TG cannot be
      simply ascribed to quantitative variations in c-myc amplification.

PMID- 6586290
TI  - Transformation of human cells by DNA transfection.
AB  - Normal human cells can be transformed to anchorage-independent growth by
      transfection with DNA from MOLT-4 lymphoblasts, derived from a patient with acute
      lymphocytic leukemia. Cells were treated with polyethylene glycol 6000, and DNA
      was administered as a calcium phosphate coprecipitate . The transforming activity
      of MOLT DNA was inactivated by treatment with DNase or by the restriction enzymes
      Bgll or BamHl but not by EcoRV . DNA from transfected colonies can transform
      human recipient cells to anchorage-independent growth; the transforming ability
      and anchorage independence are maintained stably for at least 30 generations.

PMID- 6586291
TI  - Glycosaminoglycan synthesis during differentiation of HL60/HGPRT-leukemia cells
      induced by dimethyl sulfoxide and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.
AB  - Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are polyanionic components of the cell surface that
      have been shown to play an important role in the cellular differentiation of many
      embryonic systems, as well as in the maturation of the developing human
      leukocyte. For this reason, the production of GAGs during the induction of
      myelocytic and macrophage-like differentiation of the human promyelocytic
      leukemia cloned cell line HL60/HGPRT- was studied. The major GAG component of
      HL60/HGPRT- was chondroitin 4-sulfate. This molecule has been reported to be the
      major GAG constituent of normal granulocytes and myeloid leukemia cells as well.
      Treatment of HL60/HGPRT- cultures with dimethyl sulfoxide, which initiates
      myeloid maturation, or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13- acetate, which induces the
      formation of macrophage-like cells, resulted in a 43 and 34% reduction,
      respectively, of the incorporation of [35S]sulfate into total GAGs at a time when
      greater than 80% of the cells were morphologically immature and were unable to
      reduce nitroblue tetrazolium dye. This reduction occurred primarily in GAGs
      associated with the cells, which decreased by 75% after exposure to these agents.
      Therefore, the distribution of GAGs between the cellular and medium compartments
      was altered by exposure to inducers. A phorbol ester with no capacity to induce
      differentiation, 4 alpha-phorbol-12, 13-didecanoate, elicited a reproducible but
      less dramatic decrease in cell-associated GAGs. The reduction in [35S]-sulfate
      incorporation into GAGs, therefore, may be an important step in leukocyte
      differentiation and may provide a useful biochemical probe of the maturation
      process.

PMID- 6586292
TI  - Comparative in vivo and in vitro activation of human natural killer cells by two
      recombinant alpha-interferons differing in antiviral activity.
AB  - Natural killer (NK) cell activation by two interferon-alpha subtypes, interferon
      alpha A and interferon-alpha D, was examined in vitro and in vivo in eight cancer
      patients. When assessed in vitro, NK cells in six of eight patients lysed K562
      target cells to a greater extent when incubated with interferon-alpha A (1 ng/ml)
      than with the same concentration of interferon-alpha D. However, when patients
      were evaluated collectively, no significant difference was detectable in the
      effectiveness of the two subtypes in enhancing NK cell activity. Patients
      received the same interferons given as four injections which were randomized with
      respect to subtype and were separated by intervals of six or more days. NK cell
      activity was consistently elevated in peripheral mononuclear cells sampled 24 hr
      but not seven days after injection as compared to peripheral mononuclear cells
      sampled just prior to each injection (p less than 0.001 for both subtypes). At a
      given dose level, both interferon subtypes resulted in comparable NK cell
      activation. However, a negative correlation existed between the amount of
      interferon administered and the magnitude of enhancement (p less than 0.05). In
      16 separate paired determinations, there were eight in which NK cell activity was
      lower after the second injection of an interferon dose than after the first
      injection of the same dose (15 or 45 micrograms, irrespective of subtype), and
      eight in which the alternate pattern occurred. Thus, repeated injection in the
      same patient of one or the other dose resulted in no consistent changes in the
      extent of NK cell stimulation. Since the two interferons have a 20-fold
      difference in specific antiviral activity for human amnion cells and up to an 80
      fold difference in human fibroblasts, either different mechanisms are involved in
      antiviral and NK cell-stimulatory activity, or activities of these two subtypes
      for cells of different histogenesis vary. Greater NK cell-stimulatory activity
      therefore occurred at the lowest tested doses, a dose which was less than 10% of
      previously reported maximally tolerated doses of these interferons.

PMID- 6586293
TI  - Local treatment of Ewing's sarcoma: radiation therapy versus surgery.

PMID- 6586294
TI  - Activity and distribution of iv and oral 4-demethoxydaunorubicin in murine
      experimental tumors.
AB  - The antitumor activity of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin ( 4DDM ) compared to its parent
      compound daunorubicin (DM) was investigated in C57BL/6 mice bearing a T-cell
      lymphoma, the EL-4, chosen because of its sensitivity to this compound. 4DDM was
      moderately effective against Lewis lung carcinoma and M5076 ovarian
      reticulosarcoma tumor systems. Against the EL-4 tumor, after either iv or oral
      treatment, 4DDM had a good therapeutic effect (survival time in treated mice was
      almost double that in untreated mice) which was comparable to that of iv
      doxorubicin. Serum and tissue distribution of 4DDM and its reduced metabolite 4-
      demethoxydaunorubicinol , given either iv or orally at therapeutic doses to EL-4
      bearing mice, was then compared with iv DM using a high-performance liquid
      chromatography technique with fluorimetric detection. DM seemed to be cleared
      faster and to a greater extent by metabolism than 4DDM , with half-lives after iv
      treatment of 23 hrs for 4DDM versus 4.6 hrs for DM. The reduced metabolite in
      serum amounted to greater than 100% of the concentration of the native compound
      for DM and less than 20% for 4DDM . By both the iv and oral routes, 4DDM appeared
      to be concentrated and retained in tissues to a proportionally higher extent than
      DM, with drug exposure being at least twice as high with correspondingly longer
      half-lives in almost all tissues investigated, including the tumor. Moreover,
      this demethoxy analog appeared to be somewhat more selective than DM, since the
      relative capacity of the tumor tissue to accumulate this compound seemed higher
      than that of other organs (eg, heart and spleen) reported to be targets of
      toxicity. Oral administration gave more favorable distribution, resulting in the
      highest tumor to heart and spleen concentration ratio; this suggests a
      superiority of this route of administration.

PMID- 6586295
TI  - General anesthesia insurance coverage controversy.

PMID- 6586296
TI  - A clinical analysis of malpractice in Cook County.

PMID- 6586297
TI  - The concepts, contours and cosmetics of periodontics and restorative dentistry
      for the general practitioner.

PMID- 6586298
TI  - Tooth out! Tooth in! Simplified splinting.

PMID- 6586299
TI  - Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the dental practice.

PMID- 6586301
TI  - Our brother's keeper: dentistry and alcoholism.

PMID- 6586300
TI  - Chemotactic subpopulation of macrophage cell line cells (M1 cells) discerned by
      three macrophage chemotactic factors from delayed hypersensitivity reaction
      sites.
AB  - The functional specificity of three types of macrophage chemotactic factors (
      MCFs ), -a, -b, and -c, from purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD)
      induced delayed hypersensitivity reaction (DHR) skin sites on guinea pigs, was
      analyzed using macrophage cell line cells, M1, established from myeloid leukemia
      cells of a SL/Am strain mouse. M1 cells yielded two subclones: Mk1 cells, which
      were Ia+ and migrated specifically toward MCF-c; and Mm1 cells, which were Ia-
      and migrated specifically toward MCF-a and -b. These differences show the
      heterogeneity of the biologic activities of the MCFs in the presence of cell line
      cells. M-1 cells, blast cells, when grown in continuous culture, migrated toward
      none of the MCFs . Upon differentiation to mature macrophage-like cells in
      conditioned medium (M+1 cells), however, they migrated to MCF-a, -b, and -c and
      the experimental evidence points to the possibility that M+1 cells are separated
      into subpopulations on the basis of their chemotactic response. Cytotoxic
      treatment of M+1 cells with anti-Ia antisera resulted in the specific decrease of
      activity toward MCF-c. Furthermore, MCF-c attracted Ia-positive M+1 cells, while
      MCF-a and -b attracted Ia-negative M+1 cells. Thus, our results indicate the
      existence of two migrating subpopulations of M+1 cells with specificities for MCF
      a, and -b and for MCF-c, respectively. The data suggest that MCF-c attracts Ia
      bearing accessory macrophages and MCF-a and -b attract Ia-negative macrophages in
      the DHR.

PMID- 6586302
TI  - Wake up to periodontal disease.

PMID- 6586303
TI  - Sedation: what's in a name?

PMID- 6586304
TI  - The pharmacodynamics of premedication pedodontic sedative.

PMID- 6586305
TI  - Loma Linda viewpoint. What's happening to IV sedation.

PMID- 6586306
TI  - What's this thing called software.

PMID- 6586307
TI  - Periodontics and restorative dentistry: the clinical interrelationship.

PMID- 6586308
TI  - Esthetic considerations of the all ceramic crown.

PMID- 6586309
TI  - What should we be doing about PPOs?

PMID- 6586310
TI  - A national perspective of PPOs and the implications for organized dentistry.

PMID- 6586311
TI  - Current developments in contracting in California.

PMID- 6586312
TI  - PPOs: the antitrust question.

PMID- 6586313
TI  - Are in-office computers for you?

PMID- 6586314
TI  - Recognition of the pain formula for head, neck and TMJ disorders.

PMID- 6586315
TI  - Ia-antigen on cells is destroyed by some fixation reagents.

PMID- 6586316
TI  - Slow rhythmic membrane potential changes in hamster submandibular ganglion cells.

PMID- 6586317
TI  - Ecological studies on Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in the Japanese.

PMID- 6586318
TI  - Ultrastructural changes in odontoblasts during early development.

PMID- 6586319
TI  - The interaction of u.v.- and methyl methanesulfonate-induced DNA repair
      synthesis: a role for poly(ADP-ribose)?
AB  - Treatment of a human lymphoblastoid line ( GM606 ) with methyl methanesulfonate
      (MMS) or N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) initially stimulates and
      then drastically inhibits repair synthesis. This inhibition is overcome and
      repair appears to be stimulated by the poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase inhibitor 3
      aminobenzamide (3-AmB). The repair activity of older cultures is much diminished
      compared to those rapidly dividing, but the 3-AmB effect is seen in both 2- and 7
      day cultures. The action of 3-AmB is very rapid and its removal results in a
      diminution of repair synthesis within 30 min. U.v.-induced repair synthesis was
      not affected by 3-AmB. However, the level of u.v.-induced repair synthesis was
      drastically reduced by treatment of cells with MMS. This MMS inhibition of u.v.
      induced repair synthesis was completely counteracted by the presence of 3-AmB.
      Insofar as the effective action of 3-AmB is on poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis, the
      data suggest that activation of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis by alkylation of DNA
      reduces the NAD and therefore the ATP level in the lymphoblastoid cells used.
      Reduced ATP levels result in a lessened ability to carry out u.v.-induced repair
      synthesis.

PMID- 6586320
TI  - Null effects of vitamin A analogs on the dimethylnitrosamine kidney tumor model.
AB  - The effect of retinoids on the induction of both epithelial and mesenchymal
      tumors of the rat kidney by a single dose of 40 mg/kg dimethylnitrosamine was
      tested using 13-cis-retinoic acid and the trimethylmethoxy phenyl analog of
      retinoic acid ethylamide. 13-cis-retinoic acid was administered for 3 weeks, 10
      weeks, or 26 weeks, post-carcinogen treatment, in order to coincide with known
      morphological phases occurring within the kidney which culminated in the
      development of macroscopic tumors. The ethylamide analog and placebo beadlets
      were administered for the 26 week period only. None of the retinoid schedules
      significantly influenced the survival of the animals, nor the incidences of renal
      mesenchymal tumors or renal cell adenomas/adenocarcinomas. Tumor latency,
      histological grade or frequency of metastatic invasion were also unaltered by the
      treatments. Possible reasons for the observed lack of effect are discussed,
      including speculation regarding the potency of this single-dose model of chemical
      carcinogenesis.

PMID- 6586321
TI  - Radiation hygiene for patients and staff.

PMID- 6586322
TI  - Fluoride products.

PMID- 6586324
TI  - Certification: content and procedures.. Interview by Regina Dreyer.

PMID- 6586323
TI  - Auxiliary volunteers in Israel.

PMID- 6586325
TI  - Applying pit and fissure sealant.

PMID- 6586326
TI  - Coping with criticism in the dental office.

PMID- 6586327
TI  - Gallium-67 imaging in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and biopsy-proven
      myocarditis.
AB  - Current standards for detection of myocarditis in a clinical setting rely on
      endomyocardial biopsy for accurate diagnosis. With this technique a subset of
      patients with dilated cardiomyopathy show unsuspected myocarditis histologically.
      Endomyocardial biopsy, despite its specificity, may lack sensitivity due to
      sampling error if the inflammation is patchy or focal. Therefore, inflammation
      sensitive radioisotopic imaging may be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of
      myocarditis. This study was designed to evaluate the applicability of gallium-67
      (67Ga) myocardial imaging as an adjunct to endomyocardial biopsy in the diagnosis
      of myocarditis. Sixty-eight consecutive patients referred for evaluation of
      dilated cardiomyopathy underwent 71 parallel studies with 67Ga imaging and
      biopsies that served as the basis of comparison for this study. Histologic
      myocarditis was identified in 8% of biopsy specimens. Clinical and hemodynamic
      parameters could not be used to predict the presence of myocarditis. Five of six
      biopsy samples (87%) with myocarditis showed dense 67Ga uptake, whereas only nine
      of 65 negative biopsy samples (14%) were paired with equivocally positive 67Ga
      scans (p less than .001). The single patient with myocarditis and no myocardial
      67Ga uptake had dense mediastinal lymph node uptake that may have obscured
      cardiac uptake. The incidence of myocarditis on biopsy with a positive 67Ga scan
      was 36% (5/14); however, the incidence of myocarditis with a negative 67Ga scan
      was only 1.8% (1/57). Follow-up scans for three patients showed close correlation
      of 67Ga uptake with myocarditis on biopsy. In conclusion 67Ga may be a useful
      screening test for identifying patients with a high yield of myocarditis on
      biopsy, and serial scans may eliminate the need for frequent biopsies in patients
      with proven myocarditis.

PMID- 6586328
TI  - The effect of extended wear contact lenses on tear immunoglobulins.

PMID- 6586329
TI  - Interference with Ektachem 400 determinations of chloride in a leukemia patient
      treated with allopurinol.

PMID- 6586330
TI  - Human platelet phenol sulfotransferase: stability of two forms of the enzyme with
      time and presence of a racial difference.
AB  - Thermolabile (TL) and thermostable (TS) forms of human platelet phenol
      sulfotransferase (PST) were measured over various periods of time. TL PST was
      assayed with dopamine as the substrate and TS PST was measured with phenol and
      with p-nitrophenol. Levels of TL and TS PST from the same subjects did not change
      significantly over 1 day, 1 week, 4 weeks, and 8.5 months. Interassay
      coefficients of variation of PST activities over 3-4 weeks measured in samples
      from 8-12 subjects with dopamine, phenol and p-nitrophenol were 13.96%, 13.60%
      and 13.30%, respectively. There was a significant correlation between PST
      activity measured in the same samples with phenol and with p-nitrophenol (r =
      0.946, n = 18, p less than 0.0001). TS PST activity measured with p-nitrophenol
      was significantly higher (p less than 0.0001) in platelets from 51 black subjects
      than the level of TS PST in samples from 52 white subjects (0.72 +/- 0.06 vs 0.42
      +/- 0.04 units/10(8) platelets, respectively; mean +/- SEM). These results
      demonstrate the 'stability' of the levels of both forms of the enzyme with time.
      They also point out the usefulness of a reproducible assay for the detection of a
      racial difference in the levels of TS PST.

PMID- 6586331
TI  - Anxiety and other behavioral dysfunctions related to dentistry: a
      multidisciplinary approach.

PMID- 6586332
TI  - Oral lesions associated with full dentures in geriatric patients.

PMID- 6586333
TI  - Dental office design: aspects of professional consultations.

PMID- 6586334
TI  - Allergies in the oro-facial region.

PMID- 6586335
TI  - The dental radiograph and the law in Israel.

PMID- 6586336
TI  - Oral tonsils in health and disease.

PMID- 6586337
TI  - Unexpected reversal of gallium-67 citrate avidity in an anaerobic hepatic
      abscess.
AB  - A case of anaerobic hepatic abscess (Bacteroides fragilis), which initially was
      imaged as a cold defect on Ga-67 citrate scintigraphy and, following percutaneous
      drainage, became Ga avid, is presented. Proposed mechanisms for this occurrence
      are given.

PMID- 6586338
TI  - Gold plating conditions to denture base resin.

PMID- 6586339
TI  - Age-hardening mechanism of equiatomic AuCu and AuCu-Ag pseudo-binary alloys.

PMID- 6586340
TI  - Long-term biocompatibility test of composite resins and glass ionomer cement (in
      vitro).

PMID- 6586341
TI  - A proposition for long-term biocompatibility test of dental materials in vitro.

PMID- 6586342
TI  - A new method for measuring the wear of composite restorative materials.

PMID- 6586343
TI  - Change in the hardness of dental amalgams in relation to time.

PMID- 6586345
TI  - ESCA study on the oxidized surface of a gold alloy for porcelain-metal bonding.

PMID- 6586344
TI  - Structural changes induced by ageing in commercial dental gold alloys containing
      palladium.

PMID- 6586346
TI  - Erosion behavior of a zinc phosphate cement in dilute organic acid solutions.

PMID- 6586348
TI  - Mechanical properties of Ni-Ta binary alloys for dental applications.

PMID- 6586347
TI  - Erosion process of polycarboxylate cements in organic acids.

PMID- 6586349
TI  - Surface reproducibility of resin die materials with various impression materials.

PMID- 6586350
TI  - Effect of residual monomer on viscoelastic properties of pour denture base
      resins.

PMID- 6586351
TI  - Plaque formation on the hydrophobic composite resin.

PMID- 6586352
TI  - A method for determining of thermal diffusivity of human teeth.

PMID- 6586353
TI  - Molecular neurobiology.

PMID- 6586354
TI  - The arrangement and functions of the chains of the acetylcholine receptor of
      Torpedo electric tissue.

PMID- 6586355
TI  - Molecular events in the synthesis and assembly of a nicotinic acetylcholine
      receptor.

PMID- 6586356
TI  - The regulation of acetylcholine receptor expression in mammalian muscle.
AB  - The synthesis of functional AChRs can be described as a pathway leading from the
      translation of subunit mRNAs to the plasma membrane forms of extrajunctional and
      junctional receptors (Fig. 9). We have not included in this scheme
      pretranslational steps for the synthesis and processing of RNA coding for
      receptor subunits because very little is known about such processes. Several
      aspects of Figure 9 are worthy of note: It is now well established that
      polypeptide synthesis is initiated on free cytoplasmic polysomes and that once
      sufficient nascent subunits bearing signal peptides at the amino terminus is
      formed, polysomes assemble with the membranes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum
      via a mechanism that employs the signal recognition particle (Anderson et al.
      1982). Nascent subunits undergo cotranslational insertion through the rough
      endoplasmic reticulum membrane, signal peptide removal, and core glycosylation
      (Anderson and Blobel 1981; Merlie et al. 1981; Anderson et al. 1982; Sebbane et
      al. 1983). Anderson and Blobel (this volume) have demonstrated that subunits
      synthesized in vitro and inserted into membrane vesicles do not undergo
      heterologous subunit-subunit associations. We have shown that alpha- and beta
      subunits newly synthesized in vivo are not associated with each other. Our data
      indicate that the alpha-subunit is initially present in vivo in a conformation
      that is radically different from its native conformation in the mature receptor
      complex. We assume that beta-, gamma-, and delta-subunits also are synthesized as
      conformationally "immature" forms, but verification of this point must await the
      availability of new monoclonal antibody specificities. Our data indicate that
      only a fraction of the newly synthesized alpha-subunit undergoes conformational
      maturation to the 5S species which binds both alpha-bungarotoxin and anti-main
      immunogenic region monoclonal antibodies. alpha-Subunits synthesized during a 5
      minute pulse labeling require 30 minutes for completion of this process. alpha
      Subunits that do not undergo conformational maturation are degraded rapidly (t1/2
      = 0.5 hr) ( Merlie et al. 1982). Assembly of alpha- and beta-subunits synthesized
      during a 5-minute pulse labeling lags for approximately 30 minutes and is not
      complete until 90 minutes. Finally, assembled receptors are transported to the
      surface and appear in the plasma membrane. These processes occur during
      expression of AChRs in differentiated myoblasts. We do not know how
      undifferentiated myogenic cells, in vivo or in tissue culture, differ with regard
      to any of these steps.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6586357
TI  - Excitable membrane properties of cultured central nervous system neurons and
      clonal pituitary cells.

PMID- 6586358
TI  - Expression of cell-type-specific neuronal phosphoproteins.

PMID- 6586359
TI  - Generation of diversity and evolution of opioid peptides.

PMID- 6586360
TI  - The enkephalinergic neuron: implications of a polyenkephalin precursor.
AB  - The study of the biochemical and physiological functions of the enkephalinergic
      cell has greatly extended our understanding of peptidergic cells in general. In
      the adrenal gland, the major part of the proenkephalin-derived peptides is
      present as intermediates in the processing of the precursor. These peptides are
      contained within the adrenergic chromaffin granules, from which they are released
      in response to stimulation of the cell. The nature of the products released
      depends on the nature of the stimulus, but it appears that mature granules
      containing completely processed peptides are preferentially released under
      physiological conditions. In the brain, the presence and release of the
      heptapeptide that comprises the carboxyl terminus of adrenal proenkephalin
      suggest that similar mechanisms are operating centrally. The identity of brain
      and adrenal proenkephalin is further supported by the purification from brain of
      a large fragment of the proenkephalin molecule, synenkephalin , and the
      occurrence in brain of this and the other proenkephalin-derived peptides in a
      molar ratio close to that found in the sequence of the adrenal precursor. The
      processing of proenkephalin in brain appears to follow the classical models first
      proposed for peptide hormones (Steiner et al. 1980), which may thus be
      generalized to include peptide neurotransmitters/neuroregulators. In addition,
      the results presented in this paper indicate that enkephalins may be
      cotransmitters in at least two diverse systems. Enkephalins and catecholamines
      are colocalized in the adrenergic granules of the adrenal gland. In the brain,
      enkephalins and oxytocin are colocalized in the magnocellular neurons of the
      hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal oxytocinergic pathway. In both of these systems, the
      enkephalins are present in a molar concentration that is less than 1% of the
      concentration of the principal messenger. Such colocalization , coupled with the
      numerous active peptides that may arise from proenkephalin, suggests many elegant
      but complex schemes of neurotransmitter interactions. For example, release of
      enkephalins in the neurohypophysis may regulate oxytocin release through an
      action on autoreceptors of the oxytocinergic terminal. In the adrenal the
      coreleased enkephalins may act by regulating presynaptically the cholinergic
      output of the splanchnic nerve. However, further studies are needed to define
      clearly the physiological roles of such cotransmission . From the abundance of
      proenkephalin-derived peptides in the basal ganglia, it appears that enkephalins
      may represent the principal transmitter in some central neurons.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6586362
TI  - Muscarinic receptor subclasses: allosteric interactions.

PMID- 6586361
TI  - The biosynthesis and processing of proteins in the mouse 7S nerve growth factor
      complex.

PMID- 6586363
TI  - Molecular structure of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.

PMID- 6586364
TI  - Use of monoclonal antibodies to study acetylcholine receptors from electric
      organs, muscle, and brain and the autoimmune response to receptor in myasthenia
      gravis.

PMID- 6586367
TI  - Molecular neurobiology.

PMID- 6586365
TI  - Subunit organization and structure of an acetylcholine receptor.
AB  - We have learned the positions of the alpha-subunits around the AChR rosette and
      the location of the toxin on the synaptic crest. A charge/hydrophobic character
      map of the 40 A X 30 A receptor surface that binds alpha-bungarotoxin has been
      constructed. A beta-structure domain surrounds the agonist binding site on the
      alpha-subunits, as predicted by amphipathic Fourier sequence analysis. The ion
      channel may be constructed from five amphipathic helices, which insert into the
      bilayer as the alpha2 beta gamma delta subunits come together. They form a water
      filled channel on one side and interface with hydrophobic helices in each subunit
      on the other.

PMID- 6586366
TI  - Neuronal cell lineages in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

PMID- 6586368
TI  - Mutations that affect neural cell lineages and cell fates during the development
      of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
AB  - We have described 19 genes that affect neural cell lineages and cell fates during
      the development of C. elegans. These genes differ markedly in the nature,
      breadth, and specificity of their effects. Their only obvious common
      characteristic is that they all lack specificity for the nervous system,
      affecting both neural and nonneural development. For some of these genes (lin-5,
      lin-6, unc-59, unc-85), this nonspecificity probably reflects a general
      utilization of their products in cellular replication. In contrast, most of these
      genes appear to be highly specific in their effects, but their specificity is not
      on the basis of cell type but rather on the basis of some particular aspect of
      development. Specifically, unc-83 and unc-84 mutations affect certain precursor
      cells that generate both neural and nonneural descendants; lin-22 and lin-26
      mutants lead to the generation of supernumerary neural cells with a concomitant
      loss of nonneural cells; lin-4, lin-14, lin-28, and lin-29 mutants perturb global
      aspects of developmental timing, altering the time of appearance (or preventing
      the appearance) of both neural and nonneural cells; lin-1, lin-8, lin-9, and lin
      15 mutations affect the cell lineages of certain nonneuron -producing ectoblasts
      in hermaphrodites and of homologous neuron-producing ectoblasts in males; lin-12
      mutations affect many sets of nonidentical homologs (cells of similar lineage
      history that express different fates), only some of which are neural; ced-3
      mutations prevent all programmed cell deaths, again only some of which are
      neural. Of these 19 genes, only unc-86 is specific for neural as opposed to
      nonneural cell lineages. However, some unc-86 mutants are abnormal in chromosome
      segregation at meiosis, indicating that this gene also may affect nonneural
      aspects of development. One implication of these observations is that genes (and
      molecules) involved in neural development are likely to function in nonneural
      development as well. The genes lin-22, lin-12, unc-86, and ced-3 may play
      decision-making roles during C. elegans neurogenesis, as mutations in each of
      these genes cause specific transformations in the fates of particular cells.
      These genes and others like them may act within a hierarchy to effect decisions
      at different levels within cell lineages. For example, lin-22 animals display
      transformations affecting entire postembryonic cell lineages, unc-86 animals are
      altered at an intermediate level of certain cell lineages, and ced-3 animals are
      affected only in the ultimate fates of cells produced by terminal cell
      divisions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6586370
TI  - Chromatin changes accompanying neuronal differentiation.

PMID- 6586369
TI  - Cellular localization and function of the proteins encoded by brain-specific
      mRNAs.

PMID- 6586371
TI  - Molecular and biological properties of a neural cell adhesion molecule.

PMID- 6586372
TI  - Structure and modulation of neural cell adhesion molecules in early and late
      embryogenesis.

PMID- 6586373
TI  - Neural surface antigens during nervous system development.

PMID- 6586374
TI  - Cell-type specificity and developmental expression of neural cell-surface
      components involved in cell interactions and of structurally related molecules.

PMID- 6586375
TI  - Glial cell lineages in the rat optic nerve.

PMID- 6586377
TI  - Guidance of neuronal growth cones: selective fasciculation in the grasshopper
      embryo.

PMID- 6586376
TI  - Navigational substrates for peripheral pioneer growth cones: limb-axis polarity
      cues, limb-segment boundaries, and guidepost neurons.

PMID- 6586378
TI  - The molecular organization of the leech nervous system.

PMID- 6586379
TI  - Studies on extracellular matrix components that promote neurite outgrowth.

PMID- 6586380
TI  - Factors that determine connectivity in the nervous system of Caenorhabditis
      elegans.
AB  - The nervous system of C. elegans is arranged as a collection of process bundles.
      Processes within bundles are generally unbranched and occupy defined positions
      relative to their neighbors. Small groups of processes are often closely
      associated together and run adjacent to one another for relatively long
      distances. We have defined the set of neurons that have processes adjacent to the
      processes of a given neuron as the neighborhood of that neuron. Synapses in C.
      elegans are made en passant between adjacent processes. Of the 1165 pairs of
      adjacent processes that were analyzed, 520 (45%) had synaptic contacts. The set
      of neurons that make synaptic contact with a given neuron is therefore, on
      average, 45% of that neuron's neighborhood. Neurons make synaptic contacts with
      fewer classes of partners than they have the potential for, as they are limited
      in their choice of partner to those that inhabit their neighborhood. Some classes
      of neurons have processes that make abrupt transitions from one neighborhood to
      another. There is usually some identifiable cue at the transition point, such as
      the termination of a closely associated process or a discontinuity at the
      junction of one process bundle with another. Neurons that inhabit more than one
      neighborhood have a more extended set of synaptic partners than those that are
      confined to a single neighborhood.

PMID- 6586381
TI  - What genes are necessary to make an identified synapse?

PMID- 6586382
TI  - Molecular components of the synaptic basal lamina that direct differentiation of
      regenerating neuromuscular junctions.
AB  - Results of experiments outlined here provide evidence that components of the
      myofiber basal lamina sheath direct the formation of active zones in regenerating
      motor nerve terminals and the development of infoldings and the aggregation of
      AChRs in the plasma membrane of regenerating myofibers. As a step toward
      identifying the basal lamina molecules that aggregate AChRs, we are now studying
      an ECM fraction from the Torpedo electric organ that causes AChRs to aggregate on
      cultured myotubes. We have solubilized and purified the electric organ AChR
      aggregating molecules over 1000-fold. Only nanogram amounts of the most purified
      extracts are required to cause detectable AChR aggregation. We have also shown
      that similar activity can be extracted in relatively small amounts from muscle.
      Antiserum raised against the partially purified electric organ material
      completely blocked and immunoprecipitated the AChR-aggregating activity in
      extracts of the electric organ and muscle and bound to components of the basal
      lamina of frog muscle fibers. Although several polypeptides are present in our
      most purified extracts, an antiserum against polypeptides in the range of 80 kD
      completely blocked AChR aggregation by soluble extracts of the electric organ.
      These findings demonstrate the feasibility of isolating molecules from the
      synapse-rich electric organ that cause AChR aggregation and comparing them by
      immunological techniques with those in basal lamina at the neuromuscular
      junction.

PMID- 6586383
TI  - The basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction.

PMID- 6586384
TI  - Polyribosomes at the base of dendritic spines of central nervous system neurons-
      their possible role in synapse construction and modification.

PMID- 6586385
TI  - Neuronal microdifferentiation.

PMID- 6586386
TI  - Bacterial chemotaxis and molecular neurobiology.

PMID- 6586387
TI  - Mercury poisoning in dental practice.

PMID- 6586389
TI  - Initiating endodontic therapy in posterior teeth. Part III. Mandibular molars.

PMID- 6586388
TI  - Periodontal procedures for the general practitioner. Part I. Periodontal
      diagnosis, patient education, and referral procedures.

PMID- 6586390
TI  - Patient adherence to dental regimens.

PMID- 6586391
TI  - Evaluation of bleeding disorders.

PMID- 6586392
TI  - Surgical management of the maxillary tuberosity area.

PMID- 6586393
TI  - The significance of pocket depth measurements.

PMID- 6586394
TI  - The computer-assisted periodontal chart: a tool to aid in the control of
      periodontal disease.

PMID- 6586395
TI  - Randomized trial of intracervical prostaglandin E2 gel and intraamniotic
      prostaglandin F2 alpha for induction of second trimester abortion.
AB  - For the purpose of reducing the side effects and complication rate when inducing
      second trimester abortion, intracervically administered PGE2 gel was tested for
      the first time and compared with a single intraamniotic instillation of PGF2
      alpha by a randomized allocation of 41 consecutive patients in the 13th to 24th
      week of gestation. In both groups the treatment was supplemented with oxytocin 5 
      6 hours after starting the induction. The methods proved of equal value as
      regards the abortion success rate and the induction-abortion interval, whereas
      the incidence of gastrointestinal side effects on intracervical application of
      PGE2 gel was only half as high and the occurrence of diarrhea significantly lower
      (p less than 0.05) with this non-invasive method than with intraamniotic PGF2
      alpha. Intracervical PGE2 gel also possessed other advantages, being int. al.
      more acceptable by the patients and technically easier to administer.

PMID- 6586396
TI  - The spectrum of musculoskeletal stress injury.

PMID- 6586397
TI  - Granulocytic sarcoma preceding overt granulocytic leukemia.
AB  - Granulocytic sarcoma of the skin is only rarely the initial manifestation of
      acute granulocytic leukemia. In the absence of systemic signs and symptoms of
      leukemia, routine histologic examination of granulocytic sarcoma may result in
      misdiagnosis. A case of granulocytic sarcoma preceding overt leukemia is reported
      in which the biopsy specimen was initially interpreted as granuloma faciale.

PMID- 6586398
TI  - Biotechnology and medicine.
AB  - Genetic engineering, monoclonal antibody production, and techniques improving the
      attachment of proteins to inert support materials will allow clinical science to
      advance rapidly over the next few years. The future of basic and applied clinical
      research will be changed because of these techniques. Newer treatments for
      hemophilia, wound healing, cancer and infectious diseases will be developed to
      make the practice of medicine an exciting new frontier.

PMID- 6586399
TI  - Pulmonary gallium concentration in the adult respiratory distress syndrome.
AB  - Accumulation of radioactive gallium-67 citrate was observed in the lungs of a
      patient with postoperative adult respiratory distress syndrome. We believe that
      the primary mechanism of uptake of gallium is related to interstitial
      inflammation and repair of pulmonary tissue, rather than to a nonspecific
      increased alveolocapillary permeability to gallium.

PMID- 6586400
TI  - [The transition to complete edentulousness. Apropos of a clinical case].

PMID- 6586401
TI  - [Adult diabetes: Clinical study. Treatment].

PMID- 6586402
TI  - [Thumbsucking in adults].

PMID- 6586403
TI  - [The psychosomatic approach to temporomandibular dysfunction].

PMID- 6586404
TI  - [The therapeutic relationship in clinical examinations].

PMID- 6586405
TI  - [Bacteriocidal activity of 3 mouthwashes using the Afnor NF T. 72-150 standard].

PMID- 6586406
TI  - [Tracheal intubation in emergency respiratory resuscitation].

PMID- 6586407
TI  - [Tracheotomy].

PMID- 6586408
TI  - [Dental demography of general dental surgeons, practitioners of orthodontics
      exclusively and practitioners of oral medicine].

PMID- 6586409
TI  - [Intradiploetic (transcortical) anesthesia: means and possibilities].

PMID- 6586410
TI  - The future of dentistry. Part 5.

PMID- 6586411
TI  - Paper products.

PMID- 6586413
TI  - On being available.

PMID- 6586412
TI  - The necessity for epidemiological studies to quantify the extent of TMJ problems.

PMID- 6586414
TI  - How rural community decline may impact dental practice in Nebraska.

PMID- 6586415
TI  - Who comes to the dental school and why: method and results of a 12 month
      demographic survey.

PMID- 6586416
TI  - On getting organized.

PMID- 6586417
TI  - [New developments from caries research--benefit for practice!?].

PMID- 6586418
TI  - [New developments in caries prophylaxis especially in the area of oral hygiene].

PMID- 6586419
TI  - [Epidemiological studies on caries in bakers].

PMID- 6586420
TI  - The complete sequence of the mRNA for the HLA-DR-associated invariant chain
      reveals a polypeptide with an unusual transmembrane polarity.
AB  - A non-polymorphic polypeptide is associated intracellularly with the alpha and
      beta chains of murine Ia antigens and of human HLA-DR antigens. The exact role
      and the structure of this invariant chain have not been determined so far. A cDNA
      clone encoding the 33 000 dalton human invariant chain has been isolated. The
      nucleotide sequence of a near full-length cDNA clone, together with the sequence
      of the 5' portion of the mRNA determined by primer-extension, are reported here.
      The protein structure deduced from that sequence shows an unusual feature: the
      presence of a hydrophobic transmembrane region near the NH2 terminus, and of two
      glycosylation sites near the middle, indicates that the invariant chain has a
      polarity of membrane insertion which is inverted relative to histocompatibility
      antigens and most transmembrane proteins.

PMID- 6586421
TI  - In vitro suppression of DNA synthesis by a remission induction agent and its
      correlation with response in adult acute leukemia.
AB  - Fifty-three adult patients who presented with previously untreated acute leukemia
      had leukemic cells incubated in vitro with five doses of cytosine arabinoside
      (0.001-0.1 microgram/ml) and adriamycin (0.1-10 microgram/ml). Thymidine
      incorporation was measured in treated and untreated cells. Greater than 80%
      suppression of pretreatment thymidine incorporation after treatment with 0.004
      micrograms/ml of cytosine arabinoside correlated with complete remission (CR) of
      the patient. A Mahalanobis' D2 score, which provides an index of the deviation of
      patient's in vitro drug response from the mean profile of responders, was
      calculated for each drug. Patients who had D2 values greater than 10 for Ara-C
      were less likely to respond to therapy. Patients with low D2s had rates of CR
      higher than predicted by the prognostic model employed at U.T.M. D. Anderson
      Hospital. However, unlike in our previous report, responders and non-responders
      were not clearly separable on the basis of the D2 value.

PMID- 6586422
TI  - Quantitative evaluation of the localization of a monoclonal antibody (791T/36) in
      human osteogenic sarcoma xenografts.
AB  - Monoclonal antibody 791T /36 (IgG2b) directed against human osteogenic sarcoma
      associated antigens has been used to examine quantitative aspects of in vivo
      tumour localization into osteogenic sarcoma xenografts. With small doses of
      antibody (less than 40 micrograms) the extent of localization consistently
      correlated with xenograft size, an average of 36% of the total body burden of
      radiolabelled antibody being present/g tumour after 2 or 3 days. Parallel studies
      with labelled control IgG2b showed a similar correlation, but only 7% of the
      total body radiolabel was localized/g tumour. With the 791T /36 antibody, the
      tumour: blood ratio did not increase with tumour size except with the largest
      xenografts (800-900 mg), where up to 30-40% of the total body radioactivity was
      localized within the xenografts and this was sufficient to produce a measurable
      decrease in its blood level. There was also a significant correlation between the
      dose of injected radiolabelled antibody and the amount localized in xenografts
      but only up to a dose of about 100 micrograms, beyond which the amount localized
      was not directly proportional to the injected dose. The maximum level of
      radiolabelled antibody localized in xenografts was 70 micrograms antibody/g
      tumour tissue. It was not possible to displace radiolabelled antibody already
      localized in xenografts by systemic administration of a large dose of unlabelled
      antibody. The rate of localization of antibody was such that maximum uptake,
      measured as the absolute amount of localized antibody, was seen 2-4 days after
      injection. After this time the absolute amount of antibody in the tumours
      declined, but not as rapidly as the blood and whole body levels, so that the
      tumour: blood ratio continued to increase with time.

PMID- 6586423
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin E2 on acetylcholine release from some peripheral
      cholinergic nerve terminals.
AB  - The effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on the acetylcholine (ACh) release evoked
      from rat phrenic nerve terminals and from Auerbach's plexus of the guinea-pig
      ileum was investigated. PGE2 enhanced the evoked release of ACh from phrenic
      nerve terminals and from Auerbach's plexus in a concentration-dependent manner.
      Preincubation with 7-oxa-13-prostynoic acid, the PGE receptor blocker, and
      indomethacin inhibited the PGE2-induced increase of evoked release of ACh while
      atropine failed to do so. Whereas a single administration of either 7-oxa-13
      prostynoic acid or indomethacin significantly inhibited the control evoked
      release of ACh from the Auerbach's plexus, they failed to alter the control
      evoked release of ACh from the phrenic nerve terminals. The study indicates that
      the PGE2-induced increase in release of ACh from cholinergic nerve terminals is
      accomplished through activation of prostaglandin receptors and that PGE2 may play
      a physiological role in ACh liberation from the cholinergic autonomic nerve
      terminals but not from motor nerve terminals.

PMID- 6586424
TI  - Changes in amphetamine-induced anorexia and stereotypy during chronic treatment
      with antidepressant drugs.
AB  - Amphetamine-induced anorexia and stereotyped behaviour were studied in rats,
      following pretreatment with the antidepressants DMI, inprindole and mianserin. A
      complex drug-dependent and dose-dependent pattern of results was obtained. Acute
      pretreatment with DMI and iprindole enhanced amphetamine anorexia and stereotypy;
      at high doses only, the enhancement of anorexia disappeared during chronic
      treatment. Mianserin had no effects acutely, but chronic treatment with high
      doses attenuated anorexia and enhanced stereotypy. High doses of all three drugs
      attenuated anorexia and enhanced stereotypy during withdrawal. The most
      parsimonious account of these results is that the acute affects of DMI and
      iprindole are artefactual, and that chronic administration of all three
      antidepressants increased dopaminergic function and decreased beta-adrenergic
      function.

PMID- 6586425
TI  - Kinetics of histone H10 accumulation and commitment to differentiation in murine
      erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - The accumulation of histone H10 (also denoted IP 25) in murine erythroleukemia
      cells, induced to differentiate with hexamethylene bis-acetamide, was shown to
      precede by 15-20 h the appearance in the culture of cells irreversibly committed
      to differentiate. In addition the rates of accumulation of H10 and of committed
      cells vary in a similar manner with the HMBA concentration. Flow
      microfluorimetric analysis demonstrated that the accumulation of H10 did not
      occur simultaneously in all the cells. This accumulation of histone H10 was
      initiated first in cell in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and subsequently in the
      cells situated in all the phases of the cell cycle.

PMID- 6586427
TI  - The lung under attack. Proceedings of the Second Convention of the Societas
      Europaea Pneumologica, Edinburgh, Scotland, September 11-16, 1983.

PMID- 6586426
TI  - Membrane origin for a signal eliciting a program of cell differentiation.
AB  - Evidence is presented to indicate that the retiNOic acid (RA)-induced program of
      myeloid differentiation and growth arrest by HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia
      cells was initiated by a signal originating at the cell membrane. Free RA and RA
      covalently immobilized on a solid substrate elicited similar kinetics of
      differentiation and G1/0-specific growth arrest. No evidence of cell-induced RA
      detachment from the solid substrate was found. The data explain why HL-60 cells
      which are deficient in cellular RA-binding protein (CRABP) nevertheless respond
      to RA.

PMID- 6586428
TI  - Symposium: Preventing attack on the lungs.

PMID- 6586429
TI  - Eradication of tuberculosis in Europe--so near and yet so far.

PMID- 6586431
TI  - Second International Symposium on Vectarion (Almitrine Bismesylate).

PMID- 6586430
TI  - Pneumoconiosis in Europe yesterday, today and tomorrow.

PMID- 6586432
TI  - Almitrine bismesylate: pharmacological review and structure-activity
      relationships.
AB  - In the anaesthetized dog almitrine bismesylate (A) increases ventilation after
      i.v. injections of more than 100 ug X kg-1. This ventilatory stimulation is due
      to the specific agonistic action of A on the peripheral chemoreceptors. With
      lower doses of A no modification of ventilation is recorded even though PaO2
      significantly increases. The mechanisms by which A induces pulmonary gas exchange
      improvement are not clearly demonstrated. A long lasting potentiation of local
      hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction was initially postulated but more recent
      experimental results recorded on animals with heterogeneously ventilated lungs do
      not support this hypothesis. However, a redistribution of pulmonary blood flow
      due to the transient vasoconstrictor effect of A cannot be excluded: it might
      divert the blood from the well perfused lung bases towards the less well perfused
      lung apex. Other authors have demonstrated that undetected small ventilatory
      changes might improve alveolar ventilation and raise PaO2. The almitrine
      bismesylate molecule is a successful example of pharmacochemical research applied
      to bronchopulmonary pathology. By using qualitative structure activity
      relationships it has been possible to choose from a series of triazine
      derivatives, this remarkable molecule, exerting a clear tropism for the pulmonary
      tract with a dual effect improving both ventilatory and gasometric parameters
      through peripheral chemoreceptor stimulation, and characterized by a rapid onset
      of action and a durable activity. In this respect, the di-allyl-amino-triazine
      moiety may be considered as an inducer of gasometric and ventilatory effects. The
      piperazine nucleus is mainly responsible for the ventilatory/gasometric
      dissociation and for the kinetics of these pulmonary actions. Finally, the
      bisparafluorobenzydryl component is a 'modulator' of intensity of gasometric
      effects.

PMID- 6586433
TI  - Respiratory neurones in the chemoreceptor pathway activated by almitrine
      bismesylate.
AB  - In anaesthetized, paralysed and artificially ventilated dogs, activities were
      recorded from the phrenic nerve and from respiratory units within the nucleus
      tractus solitarius (NTS) and the nucleus ambiguus (NA). Prolonged stimulation of
      peripheral chemoreceptors by almitrine (50 micrograms X kg-1 i.v.) induced an
      increase in the firing rate of the R alpha and R beta inspiratory neurones of the
      NTS. Some expiratory neurones were found in the NTS and their firing rate was
      also enhanced by almitrine. In the NA, the respiratory neurones have active phase
      firing patterns that can be quite different: the late peak inspiratory or
      expiratory neurones have linearly augmenting discharges with a steeper cessation.
      In contrast the early burst inspiratory or expiratory units start to fire with
      the onset of their active phase, rapidly achieve peak firing frequency and then
      the firing frequency declines through the remainder of the active phase.
      Almitrine had been found to activate these neurones particularly the expiratory
      neurones of the N.A.

PMID- 6586434
TI  - Effects of almitrine bismesylate on activities recorded from nerves supplying the
      carotid bifurcation in the cat.

PMID- 6586435
TI  - Does almitrine bismesylate improve V/Q matching? An animal study.
AB  - Pulmonary vascular actions of almitrine bismesylate were studied in ferrets,
      rats, cats and dogs in conditions which simulated those of patients with hypoxic
      lung disease. All or part of a lung was made hypoxic or hypoventilated so that
      affected vessels were constricted. Rats were made chronically hypoxic (10%, O2,
      normobaric chamber). In vivo and isolated preparations were used. In all
      preparations and species almitrine bismesylate caused vasoconstriction in
      normoxia, constriction followed by dilation in hypoxia or hypoventilation. In
      hypoventilated lung there is ventilation/perfusion mismatching which was not
      improved by almitrine bismesylate . Ventilatory measurements in chronically
      hypoxic/hypercapnic rats showed that almitrine bismesylate increased tidal volume
      but not frequency. It is uncertain whether vascular (Q) or small ventilatory (V)
      changes are the cause of the improved gas tensions and V/Q matching in patients
      with chronic obstructive lung disease receiving almitrine bismesylate .

PMID- 6586436
TI  - Action of almitrine bismesylate on pulmonary vasculature in the dog: preliminary
      report.
AB  - The effects of almitrine bismesylate on the pulmonary circulation have been
      investigated in anaesthetized dogs, paralysed and artificially ventilated. An
      i.v. bolus of almitrine bismesylate (10 micrograms X Kg-1) caused a 35% increase
      in specific pulmonary vascular resistance under normoxic or hyperoxic conditions
      but only a 2% increase when pulmonary vessels were constricted by hypoxia (13%
      inspired O2). With local hypoxia, confined to the retrocardiac lobe, almitrine
      bismesylate caused lobar vasodilation (specific vascular conductance increased by
      10%) while at the same time conductance fell by 38% in the rest of the lung which
      was hyperoxic. The almitrine-induced vasoconstriction was not abolished by alpha-
      or beta blockade, indomethacin, vagotomy or bilateral clamping of both common
      carotids in the neck. With constant ventilation, no rise of arterial PO2 occurred
      following almitrine bismesylate . In the presence of local hypoxia, the drug by
      virtue of its inhibition of local hypoxic vasoconstriction caused PaO2 to fall
      slightly. In conclusion, almitrine bismesylate constricts pulmonary vessels in
      normoxia and dilates them when they are constricted by hypoxia. The mechanism is
      unknown but it is likely to be an intra-rather than an extrapulmonary site of
      action.

PMID- 6586437
TI  - Pharmacological properties of almitrine bismesylate.
AB  - There is direct evidence in dogs and circumstantial evidence in man that
      almitrine bismesylate stimulates peripheral chemoreceptors. In anaesthetized
      dogs, almitrine bimesylate causes an increased activity in afferent fibres from
      the sinus nerve, in inspiratory neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarius, in
      expiratory neurons of the nucleus retroambigualis, and in the phrenic nerve. The
      mechanism whereby almitrine bismesylate stimulates chemoreceptors is poorly
      understood to date. As a result of chemoreceptor stimulation by almitrine
      bismesylate , ventilation is higher or unchanged even though PaCO2 has fallen and
      PaO2 has risen. However, in many patients with chronic obstructive lung disease
      given almitrine bismesylate , the improvement in arterial blood gases cannot be
      fully explained by the increased ventilation. This suggests an improved matching
      of ventilation and perfusion that could be due to diversion of blood flow from
      poorly towards better ventilated zones. However, all animal experiments have
      failed to demonstrate such a diversion. Redistribution of ventilation could also
      explain the improved V/Q matching but has not been unequivocally proven.

PMID- 6586438
TI  - VA/Q ratios distribution and oral almitrine bismesylate in COPD patients under
      mechanical ventilation: preliminary results.

PMID- 6586439
TI  - Beneficial effects of almitrine bismesylate on pulmonary gas exchange in COPD.
AB  - Almitrine bismesylate 100 mg orally was given to eight patients with severe
      chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In five patients, gasometric,
      haemodynamic and lung mechanics parameters, and almitrine plasma levels were
      measured at baseline and every hour up to five hours after almitrine bismesylate
      intake. Maximal almitrine plasma levels were reached after 2 hours (89 +/- 41
      ng/ml, mean +/- SEM) and persisted up to the fifth hour (68 +/- 25 ng/ml).
      Pulmonary vascular resistance increased significantly from baseline 433 +/- 120
      dynes.s.cm-5 to 503 +/- 124, p less than 0.05 at the second hour and to 509 +/-
      119, p less than 0.05 at the fifth hour. Arterial oxygen saturation increased
      significantly from baseline 81.7 +/- 4.9% to 84.5 +/- 5.0, p less than 0.05 at
      the second hour and to 84.5 +/- 4.6, p less than 0.05 at the fifth hour. Venous
      admixture decreased significantly from baseline 35 +/- 9% to 30 +/- 9, p less
      than 0.05 at the second hour and to 28 +/- 9, p less than 0.01 at the fifth hour.
      Pulmonary artery mean pressure, cardiac output and minute ventilation did not
      change. The continuous distributions of ventilation-perfusion ratios (VA/Q),
      using the multiple inert gas elimination technique, were determined in six
      patients, at baseline and two hours after almitrine bismesylate intake. An
      improvement in VA/Q matching was observed after almitrine with a diversion of an
      average of 15 per cent of total blood flow from hypoxic units (VA/Q between 0.08
      and 0.4) to normoxic units (VA/Q between 0.5 and 1.8).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6586440
TI  - Symposium: Host defences.

PMID- 6586441
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of almitrine bismesylate.

PMID- 6586442
TI  - Effects and handling of almitrine bismesylate in healthy subjects.
AB  - Almitrine bismesylate was administered to young, healthy, non-smoking male
      subjects as single oral doses, multiple oral doses and multiple oral doses with
      food. A variety of physiological parameters and blood parameters were tested at
      specified times in relationship to drug ingestion, and multiple blood samples for
      plasma almitrine bismesylate levels were obtained. Evaluation of the data
      revealed almitrine bismesylate to be safe at all doses tested, up to 400 mg per
      day, with symptoms of mild nausea and headache occurring most frequently when the
      drug was administered in the fasting state. A striking complaint of shortness of
      breath on exertion was reported by subjects, with increased frequency and
      severity related to total amount of drug ingested and level of physical activity.
      Increased oxygen uptake and tidal volume were found after multiple oral dosing.
      Plasma almitrine bismesylate levels were highly variable, and marked individual
      differences in peak levels and terminal phase rate constants and half lives were
      found. Multiple oral dosing, either fasting or with food, significantly prolonged
      the terminal phase half life when compared to single oral dosing.

PMID- 6586443
TI  - Nocturnal desaturation in patients with bronchitis and emphysema.

PMID- 6586444
TI  - Use of almitrine bismesylate to stimulate ventilation in congenital central
      hypoventilation.

PMID- 6586445
TI  - Response to almitrine bismesylate in a child with a central alveolar
      hypoventilation syndrome.

PMID- 6586446
TI  - Effects of almitrine bismesylate on chemoreceptor activity in fetal sheep and
      newborn lambs.

PMID- 6586447
TI  - The biodisposition of almitrine bismesylate in man: a review.

PMID- 6586448
TI  - Effect of almitrine bismesylate on platelet aggregation and prostacyclin
      biosynthesis.
AB  - Almitrine bismesylate (1, 10 and 100 micrograms/ml) did not interfere with
      aggregation of rabbit blood platelets induced by arachidonic acid (100
      micrograms/ml), ADP (10 microM) or collagen (10 micrograms/ml) in platelet rich
      plasma and did not augment the generation of prostacyclin by the rabbit aorta
      endothelium. Although almitrine bismesylate (2 mg/kg i.v.) increased the
      respiratory movements it did not stimulate prostacyclin biosynthesis in rabbits
      in vivo nor did it interfere with the ex vivo platelet aggregation induced by ADP
      or arachidonic acid and measured with the whole blood electronic aggregometer.

PMID- 6586449
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of almitrine bismesylate: studies in patients.
AB  - Many pharmacokinetic studies have been undertaken following both intravenous and
      oral administration in diseased patients after acute or chronic administration.
      Studies were carried out on COLD patients (IV and PO routes), patients with renal
      insufficiency (PO route) and patients with hepatic insufficiency (PO route).
      Plasma almitrine bismesylate assays are performed by a simple, sensitive and
      specific technique using a thermoionic nitrogen detector. Pharmacokinetic results
      obtained are compared to those obtained on healthy volunteers and discussed in
      terms of absorption, distribution and elimination. Results show that for the same
      administered dose, pharmacokinetic profile in COLD patients is close to the
      pharmacokinetic profile obtained on healthy volunteers. After six months'
      treatment the levels are not dependent on the subject's age or weight. In
      patients with renal insufficiency total plasma clearance is unchanged, mean
      steady state levels will be the same as normal patients and almitrine bismesylate
      can be administered in renal subjects without a change in dosage. In patients
      with liver insufficiency results are more variable. Some subjects have the same
      profile as healthy volunteers but absorption is diminished in others. Regarding
      the variability in kinetics and potential for impaired elimination, almitrine
      bismesylate should be titrated carefully in hepatic insufficiency.

PMID- 6586451
TI  - Symposium: Lung disease induced by asbestos and other mineral fibres.

PMID- 6586450
TI  - Pneumonia today.

PMID- 6586452
TI  - Symposium: The toxic oil syndrome.

PMID- 6586453
TI  - Symposium: Cystic fibrosis in the child and adult.

PMID- 6586454
TI  - Phototherapy for lung cancer.

PMID- 6586455
TI  - Symposium: Interstitial lung disease.

PMID- 6586456
TI  - Symposium: The adult respiratory distress syndrome.

PMID- 6586457
TI  - Symposium: The attack by cigarettes.

PMID- 6586458
TI  - Symposium: Asthma treatment--a time for change?

PMID- 6586459
TI  - ETS--environmental tobacco smoke. Report from a workshop on effects and exposure
      levels. March 15-17, 1983, Geneva, Switzerland.

PMID- 6586460
TI  - The effect of environmental tobacco smoke in two urban communities in the west of
      Scotland.

PMID- 6586461
TI  - Environmental tobacco smoke. Investigations on the effect of regulating smoking
      on levels of indoor pollution and on the perception of health and comfort of
      office workers.

PMID- 6586462
TI  - Half-lives of selected tobacco smoke exposure markers.

PMID- 6586463
TI  - Measurement and estimation of smoke dosage to non-smokers from environmental
      tobacco smoke.

PMID- 6586464
TI  - Validity of questionnaire data on smoking and other exposures, with special
      reference to environmental tobacco smoke.

PMID- 6586465
TI  - Environmental tobacco smoke and pulmonary function testing.

PMID- 6586466
TI  - Environmental tobacco smoke measurements: retrospect and prospect.

PMID- 6586467
TI  - The effects of environmental tobacco smoke exposure and gas stoves on daily peak
      flow rates in asthmatic and non-asthmatic families.

PMID- 6586468
TI  - Acute effects of environmental tobacco smoke.

PMID- 6586469
TI  - Advances in terbutaline pharmacokinetics. Proceedings of a workshop, Lund,
      November 10-11, 1982.

PMID- 6586470
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of terbutaline after parenteral administration.
AB  - The basal model-independent pharmacokinetic parameters body clearance (CL), renal
      clearance (CLR), mean residence time (MRT), and volume of distribution in steady
      state (Vss) were calculated from concentrations of terbutaline in plasma and
      amounts in urine after intravenous administration of the drug in 19 healthy men.
      The data used were from three separate studies. Measurements up to 12 h gave
      estimated values for CL from 136 mL/min to 340 mL/min, for CLR from 82 mL/min to
      192 mL/min, for MRT from 1.5 h to 5.6 h, and for Vss from 24 L to 73 L. In 6
      subjects, there were measurements for longer than 24 h that could be used to
      calculate the parameters. Body clearance was now found to vary between 165 and
      270 mL/min. MRT between 7.3 and 11.7 h, and Vss between 83 and 140 L. The
      evaluations indicate that CL will be overestimated and MRT and Vss underestimated
      from data only up to 12 h.

PMID- 6586471
TI  - Pharmacokinetics-art for art's sake, registration requirement or a clinical need?

PMID- 6586472
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of terbutaline after oral administration.
AB  - The systemic availability of oral terbutaline is limited by incomplete absorption
      and pre-systemic metabolism in the intestinal wall and/or the liver. There is
      considerable inter-subject variation in absorption but not in pre-systemic
      metabolism. Terbutaline is eliminated unchanged or as a conjugate and the degree
      of conjugation depends on the route of administration.

PMID- 6586473
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of terbutaline given in slow-release tablets.
AB  - Three pharmacokinetic studies of terbutaline slow-release (SR) tablets, 5 and 7.5
      mg, were performed in healthy subjects. Four men and 4 women volunteered for each
      study. Bricanyl plain tablets were used as reference formulation. Both single-
      and multiple-dose treatments were performed. For repeated administration, SR
      tablets were given every 12 h. Plain tablets were given every 8 h in two studies
      and every 12 h in one. Steady-state bioavailability correlated with the amount
      dissolved in vitro (paddle method) in 6 h. Single-dose bioavailability was
      limited by the amount dissolved in 4 h. The difference may have a pharmacological
      explanation, in that repeated administration of a sympathomimetic drug is known
      to decrease gastro-intestinal motility. Tablets of both strengths with an
      intermediate dissolution rate were extensively tested. Plasma concentrations and
      the rates of urinary excretion of unchanged terbutaline were measured. Mean
      relative bioavailability compared with plain tablets was 76-77% with 7.5 mg SR
      tablets and 74-80% with those of 5 mg. Variation in bioavailability between and
      within subjects was the same or smaller with the SR tablets. They gave smoother
      plasma concentration profiles with delayed peaks and the same peak/trough
      concentration ratios as the plain tablets, despite less frequent dosing. However,
      objectively measured side-effects were not significantly reduced. Measurements
      after cessation of treatment gave terminal half-lives in plasma of 11.5-23.0 h
      which is considerably longer than reported in the literature. Renal clearance
      averaged 140 mL/min, similar to predicted creatinine clearance. From these
      studies it is concluded that the main advantage with the SR tablets is the twice
      daily dosage regimen. This should increase compliance, facilitate combination
      therapy with prolonged-action formulations of other drugs and better maintain
      therapeutic levels during the whole night interval.

PMID- 6586474
TI  - The fate of inhaled terbutaline.
AB  - Studies of the metabolic fate of bronchodilator drugs such as terbutaline and
      isoprenaline lead to the conclusion that less than 10% of an inhaled dose is
      absorbed from the airways. The remaining 90% is swallowed but is largely
      prevented from reaching the systemic circulation because of metabolism in the gut
      wall and liver. However, it is the minor fraction reaching the airways which
      produces the therapeutic effect. Activated charcoal has been used to prevent
      absorption of terbutaline from the Gl tract thereby allowing more accurate
      estimates to be made of pulmonary absorption. The results confirm previous
      estimates but, in addition, indicate considerable inter-subject variation in
      pulmonary absorption.

PMID- 6586475
TI  - Pharmacokinetic parameters of terbutaline in healthy man. An overview.
AB  - After a single intravenous dose, plasma concentrations of terbutaline fall in a
      multi-exponential manner. The pharmacokinetic parameters are therefore preferably
      calculated by a non-compartmental method. Not until 6-12 h after an intravenous
      injection does terbutaline enter a mono-exponential decline phase. Negligence of
      this behaviour has produced reports of terminal half-lives in the literature,
      which are large underestimates. Prolonged sampling reveals that the terminal half
      life of terbutaline in healthy subjects is about 17 h with an about twofold
      variation between subjects. This half-life determines, as a mean, about half the
      total area under the plasma concentration-time curve. Most studies have been
      performed in male subjects. On average, they have a body clearance of 3.0
      mL/min/kg, 2/3 of this being the renal contribution. On a body weight basis, the
      renal clearance in women is at least as high as in men, possibly somewhat larger.
      Terbutaline's volume of distribution at steady state averages 1.6 L/kg. The
      systemic mean residence time of the drug is about 9 h. Terbutaline is little
      bound to plasma proteins but shows affinity to erythrocytes. However, clearance
      calculations should probably be based on the plasma concentration, because of a
      comparatively slow release rate from the erythrocytes. After oral administration,
      plasma concentration peaks of terbutaline appear within 1-4 h. Food reduces their
      height by about 40%. Particularly after single doses, more than one concentration
      peak is observed in plasma. Subjects differ considerably in their oral absorption
      capacity of the drug; an interindividual range of about 25-80% of the dose can be
      estimated. This creates a range in the extent of bioavailability of 7-26%, the
      decrease of the percentages being due to a high first-pass metabolism. There are
      strong indications that this occurs preferentially in the gut wall. The
      predominant metabolite of terbutaline formed in man is a sulphate conjugate. Mean
      bioavailability of oral terbutaline in fasting subjects is 14-15%. Food impairs
      the bioavailability by about one third because of reduced absorption. Despite the
      large variation in extent of terbutaline bioavailability between subjects, each
      individual behaves reproducibly from dose to dose.

PMID- 6586477
TI  - Bioanalytical methods for the determination of terbutaline.

PMID- 6586476
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of terbutaline therapy.
AB  - Terbutaline is widely used in respiratory medicine, in obstetrics and to some
      extent in cardiovascular medicine. The growing use of the drug has increased the
      need of pharmacokinetic information to design and optimize therapy. The clinical
      pharmacokinetics of terbutaline are briefly reviewed and discussed with special
      consideration given to therapeutic plasma concentration, bioavailability, volume
      of distribution, clearance and half-life of elimination.

PMID- 6586478
TI  - Oral administration of terbutaline in asthmatic patients.
AB  - The absorption and excretion profiles of orally administered terbutaline were
      investigated in 10 asthmatic patients who received a solution containing 5 mg of
      [3H]terbutaline sulphate. Bronchodilating effect and side-effects were followed.
      The mean serum concentration curve reached its maximum of 3.0 +/- 0.3 (SEM) ng/mL
      at 60-90 min. Renal clearance data indicated that terbutaline was excreted only
      via glomerular filtration. Approximately 30% of the dose was excreted in the
      urine in 12 h and 40% in 72 h. Three compounds appeared in the urine: unchanged
      terbutaline, a sulphate conjugate, and a glucuronide, the main metabolite being
      the sulphate conjugate. The maximum mean increase in volume of air expelled in
      the first second of forced expiration (FEV1) was 35%, attained 90-120 min after
      intake of terbutaline. There was a correlation (r = 0.74) between the serum level
      and the bronchodilator effect. No significant effects on heart rate or blood
      pressure were found. Tremor, as objectively measured with the aid of an
      accelerometer, was experienced by the patients when it increased to twice its
      basal level. The observed tremor did not appear to parallel either the serum
      level or the bronchodilating effect. A comparative study in 3 of the patients
      showed that [3H]terbutaline formulated as a tablet had similar bioavailability.

PMID- 6586480
TI  - Kinetics of terbutaline in asthmatic children.
AB  - Seven asthmatic children (8-12 years) were given terbutaline sulphate
      intravenously (5.5 micrograms/kg) and orally (50 micrograms/kg) one week apart.
      Unchanged terbutaline was measured in plasma and urine. In urine, conjugates were
      also assayed. The intravenous plasma concentration-time curve declined in a
      multiexponential manner. The terminal half-life ranged from 8.8 to 15.8 (mean
      12.1) h. Body clearance (mean +/- SD) was 3.76 +/- 0.86, renal clearance 2.42 +/-
      0.49 mL/min/kg. The volume of distribution at steady state was 1.57 +/- 0.19
      L/kg. The extrapolated recovery of intact terbutaline in urine was 65.4 +/- 6.5%
      of the dose and the total recovery 80.8 +/- 8.4%. After oral administration, the
      recovery of intact terbutaline in urine was 6.2 +/- 1.1%. Absorption was on
      average 33%, but because of a mean first-pass elimination of 70%, bioavailability
      was 9.5 +/- 2.4%. It seems that children as a group have shorter terminal half
      lives than adults and slightly higher weight-corrected clearances.

PMID- 6586481
TI  - Oral terbutaline in chronic childhood asthma; effects related to plasma
      concentrations.
AB  - Nine children, 10-15 years old with chronic asthma, were treated for weekly
      periods with gradually increasing doses of oral terbutaline sulphate: 45, 79, 118
      and 166 micrograms/kg (mean values) 3 times daily. There was a linear
      relationship between dose and steady-state plasma concentration of terbutaline
      within patients, but the plasma levels varied 3-fold between patients taking
      similar doses. Symptom score, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and volume of air
      expelled in the first second of forced expiration (FEV1) improved with increasing
      doses, and the need for inhalation therapy decreased. An increase in pulse rate
      and tremor was measurable at all dose levels, but reported side-effects were few
      and mild. Linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant
      relationship between the plasma concentration of terbutaline and the effect on
      FEV1 (p less than 0.01) and PEFR (p less than 0.05) within patients.

PMID- 6586479
TI  - Assay of tritium-labelled terbutaline.
AB  - A method for the determination of unchanged 3H-labelled terbutaline in biological
      samples was developed for use in early pharmacokinetic investigations involving
      various species. Terbutaline was isolated from the biological sample by ion pair
      extraction with 0.015 mol/L bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid in methylene
      chloride. To eliminate co-determination of conjugated terbutaline present in the
      samples, extraction was combined with partition chromatography. Quantification
      was achieved by liquid scintillation counting. The recovery of [3H]terbutaline
      from serum and urine was 96.1 +/- 0.7 (mean +/- SEM) in the concentration range 1
      250 ng/mL.

PMID- 6586482
TI  - Simultaneous treatment with terbutaline and theophylline.
AB  - The bronchodilating effect and side-effects of theophylline and a beta 2
      adrenoceptor stimulating drug (terbutaline) alone and in combination were studied
      in 10 adult asthmatic patients. Initially, each individual's pharmacokinetic
      parameters for theophylline were determined. On 3 separate days, theophylline was
      infused to defined steady-state concentrations (0, 7.5, and 15 micrograms/mL,
      respectively) followed by the administration, at intervals of 1 h, of incremental
      intravenous doses of terbutaline. Theophylline caused a plasma concentration
      dependent increase in the volume of air expelled in the first second of forced
      expiration (FEV1). Theophylline itself had no significant effect on objectively
      recorded skeletal muscle tremor or heart rate but enhanced the terbutaline
      induced increase in both. At the highest steady-state concentration (15
      micrograms/mL), 2 of the patients experienced nausea. Terbutaline caused a plasma
      concentration-dependent increase in FEV1, heart rate and tremor. The plasma
      levels of terbutaline at the given doses did not differ significantly between
      individuals or within individuals at different theophylline levels. The
      combination of theophylline and terbutaline resulted in an additive effect on
      bronchodilatation. At comparable levels of bronchodilatation, the combination of
      theophylline and terbutaline caused a lesser degree of side-effects than either
      drug alone.

PMID- 6586483
TI  - Terbutaline in the treatment of preterm labour.
AB  - Continuous terbutaline infusion in 8 women with premature labour arrested the
      uterine contractions within 1.5 h in 7 of them when an infusion rate of 10
      micrograms/min was used. The plasma concentrations of terbutaline were in the
      range 10-14 micrograms/L after 1 h. In 4 other women with less severe
      contractions, labour could be stopped with infusion rates of 5 or 7.5
      micrograms/min. A condition approaching steady state seemed to be attained after
      infusion at a constant rate of 2.5 micrograms/min for 17-34 h with a mean plasma
      concentration of 6.7 micrograms/L. This value would give a mean total body
      clearance of 0.30 L/min which is about one third higher than that previously
      found in healthy men. The terbutaline plasma concentrations determined in this
      study were compared with simulated curves based on pharmacokinetic parameters
      obtained in healthy male volunteers. The data correlated well during the first 3
      h of infusion, indicating similar distribution kinetics in the patients and the
      volunteers. After infusion for a longer period (greater than 10 h), the measured
      plasma concentrations were generally lower than those predicted by the
      simulation. Treatment of 10 women (7 initially treated intravenously) with
      terbutaline tablets 5 mg three times daily postponed delivery for more than 7
      days in 9 of the patients. The mean plasma concentrations of terbutaline during
      repeated tablet treatment were 3.4, 4.1 and 4.1 micrograms/L at 1, 2 and 4 h
      after administration, respectively. No serious side-effects occurred.

PMID- 6586484
TI  - Quantitative analysis of terbutaline by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
AB  - Over the past 6 years, several gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
      methods for terbutaline have been developed, each with certain advantages and
      disadvantages. They all involve monitoring of an ion selected from the mass
      spectrum of a suitable terbutaline derivative. This technique, often referred to
      as mass fragmentography or selected ion monitoring, reduces the interference from
      other drugs and endogenous compounds. Different ionization techniques have been
      employed to obtain high sensitivity, viz. electron impact and chemical
      ionization. Typically, the methods can be used to measure terbutaline
      concentrations down to 0.1-0.3 ng/mL in plasma or serum. Isolation of terbutaline
      from biological materials is complicated by the low partition of the drug from
      water to organic solvents. Extraction with a large volume of ethyl acetate, ion
      pair extraction, or isolation on a cation exchange column have been used. These
      methods are time consuming, and attempts have therefore been made to modify them.
      Rapid extraction can be achieved on a disposable reversed-phase octadecylsilyl
      column with unimpaired sensitivity and selectivity. Preliminary results indicate
      that negative ion chemical ionization of a fluorine-containing derivative can
      further increase the sensitivity of the terbutaline assays.

PMID- 6586485
TI  - Multidimensional column liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection for
      the analysis of terbutaline in human plasma.
AB  - Because of low drug concentrations and complex nature of the sample, analytical
      methods with sensitive and selective detection are necessary for pharmacokinetic
      studies of terbutaline. Up to now, for non-radiolabelled drugs, usually only
      methods based on gas chromatography plus mass spectrometry have met these
      requirements. As an alternative, we have developed an automated method based on
      liquid chromatography. The necessary sensitivity and selectivity were obtained by
      using electrochemical detection and a microprocessor-controlled column switching
      system. The accuracy of the method was compared with a method based on gas
      chromatography plus mass spectrometry. The overall precision expressed as per
      cent of the mean was +/- 3.5% and +/- 2.2% at 5 and 50 pmol/mL, respectively. The
      total absolute recovery for terbutaline and internal standard at these
      concentration levels were in the range 85-106%.

PMID- 6586486
TI  - Pharmacokinetic parameters: which are necessary to define a drug substance?
AB  - Pharmacokinetics describe what the body does to the drug, as opposed to
      pharmacodynamics which describe what the drug does to the body. Pharmacokinetic
      information is required to optimize the pharmacodynamic response. The primary
      pharmacokinetic disposition parameter is clearance. Knowledge of this value and
      its major constituent parts, i.e. fractional renal and hepatic elimination,
      allows the clinician to prescribe the correct dosage regimen to obtain a mean
      therapeutic concentration and to predict the effects of various disease states.
      The other primary disposition parameter, volume of distribution at steady-state,
      may also vary with changes in physiologic and pathologic conditions. Both
      clearance and volume of distribution as well as the correlation of concentration
      measurements with pharmacodynamics would be expected to vary with changes in
      plasma protein binding. Although plasma concentration measurements are usually
      easiest to perform, interpretation of parameters in physiologic terms requires
      blood concentration, so the blood/plasma partition parameter should be
      determined. Although half-life is a composite parameter reflecting changes in
      both clearance and volume of distribution, it is a value which defines the
      maximum and minimum blood concentrations obtained for a particular dosage
      regimen, important quantities in defining the pharmacodynamic response. The major
      pharmacokinetic input parameter is the extent of availability as a function of
      route of administration. This parameter, as well as all of the disposition
      parameters discussed above, may be determined without designating a particular
      pharmacokinetic model. Only the rate of availability requires a model, although
      peak time and peak concentration are reasonable noncompartmental substitutes.

PMID- 6586487
TI  - Distribution of terbutaline.
AB  - Whole body autoradiographic studies performed with [3H]terbutaline after
      intravenous and oral administration in mice revealed that the tissue and organ
      radioactivity was similar to or lower than the blood radioactivity with the
      exception of excretory organs. This can be explained by the hydrophilic nature of
      terbutaline and its metabolites. However, it is noteworthy that the organ (e.g.
      lung and heart) concentrations of unchanged terbutaline can exceed those found in
      serum severalfold. This was most obvious when the drug was administered via the
      respiratory tract and the effect became more pronounced with time after
      administration. It may be explained by a more rapid clearance of drug from the
      blood than redistribution from tissues into the blood.

PMID- 6586488
TI  - Pharmacokinetic implications of slow equilibration of terbutaline between plasma
      and erythrocytes.
AB  - The erythrocyte: plasma concentration ratio of terbutaline was measured in 3
      healthy volunteers during and after a steady-state dosing interval. The dose
      regimen was 3 X 5 mg. The ratios varied only moderately with time. Average ratios
      of 2.0, 2.2 and 2.6 were found in the 3 subjects. The uptake rate of terbutaline
      into erythrocytes was studied in vitro. Freshly drawn human blood samples had
      terbutaline added at a concentration of about 3 ng/mL and were then maintained at
      room temperature and physiological pH and pCO2. The plasma concentration fell and
      the erythrocyte concentration rose continuously during the following 8 h, the
      ratio reaching unity after 6 h. Assuming a monoexponential uptake and a final
      ratio in vitro similar to that in vivo (about 2.3), we would estimate an uptake
      half-time between 3.5 and 8.5 h. The two optical isomers of terbutaline did not
      differ in their uptake rates. In vivo data suggest a much faster uptake.
      Nevertheless, it may be slow enough to affect the kinetics of terbutaline. The
      fact that the equilibration process continues in vitro in a withdrawn blood
      sample also calls for rapid separation of plasma from erythrocytes if plasma
      levels of terbutaline are to be accurately measured.

PMID- 6586489
TI  - Transfer of terbutaline across the human placenta in late pregnancy.
AB  - Placental transfer of terbutaline was studied in 22 women in late pregnancy who
      were delivered by elective Caesarian section. A single i.v. dose of terbutaline
      (0.25 or 0.5 mg) was given at various times (13-295 min) before delivery.
      Immediately after delivery, one blood sample was drawn from the placental side of
      the umbilical vein and one from the mother's antecubital vein. By use of gas
      chromatography plus mass spectrometry terbutaline was assayed in maternal plasma
      and in plasma and whole blood from the umbilical vein. Plasma concentrations in
      the mothers (Cmv) were initially 7 micrograms/L, while the highest umbilical
      venous level ( Cuv ) recorded was 3.5 micrograms/L. The ratio Cuv /Cmv increased
      continuously during the time interval studied and approached unity after 2-3 h.
      The blood:plasma concentration ratio in venous umbilical blood was initially low.
      It reached unity after about 60 min, but increased steadily to about 1.5 during
      the time of study. Thus there was a continuous uptake of terbutaline from plasma
      into the erythrocytes. The slow in vivo equilibration of terbutaline between
      plasma and erythrocytes is probably due to the low lipophilicity of the drug.
      However, the latter characteristic did not seem to impede its diffusion across
      the placenta to any great degree.

PMID- 6586490
TI  - Transfer of terbutaline into breast milk.
AB  - Terbutaline has been determined in milk and plasma from 4 nursing mothers treated
      with Bricanyl tablets (2.5 or 5 mg, 3 times daily) because of obstructive lung
      disease. Both doses produced milk concentrations of terbutaline in the range 2.5
      4.6 ng/mL, which were similar to or higher than the concentrations found in
      plasma. The highest milk:plasma concentration ratios (up to 2.9) were observed at
      the beginning and end of the dosage interval. The infants in this study were
      estimated to have ingested about 0.4-0.6 micrograms/kg/day of terbutaline base,
      which corresponds to 0.2-0.7% of the daily dose per kg taken by the mothers.
      Terbutaline was not detectable in plasma when samples were taken from one of the
      infants and no symptoms of beta-adrenoceptor stimulation could be found in any of
      the babies.

PMID- 6586491
TI  - Elimination pathways of terbutaline.
AB  - The main elimination pathways of tritium-labelled terbutaline have been
      investigated in the rat, the dog, and man. In the rat, 25% of an intravenous dose
      is excreted unchanged in the urine. Terbutaline is extensively metabolized to the
      glucuronic acid conjugate which is eliminated via bile (40% of the dose) and
      urine (25% of the dose). After oral administration, a high first-pass metabolism
      (70%) was found. In contrast, in the dog, more than 90% of a parenteral dose is
      excreted renally, largely as unchanged terbutaline together with a small amount
      of the sulphate conjugate. Only 1.7% of the dose is excreted via bile. The first
      pass metabolism amounted to 13%. The elimination of terbutaline in man exhibits a
      pattern intermediate between rat and dog. Thus, more than 90% of a parenteral
      dose is eliminated in the urine, of which about 2/3 is unchanged drug. The main
      metabolite is the sulphate conjugate which is excreted renally. Less than 1% of
      the dose is excreted in the bile. A large first-pass metabolism (69%) was
      confirmed in man.

PMID- 6586492
TI  - Prevention of 3-methylcholanthrene-induced skin tumors in mice by simultaneous
      application of 13-cis-retinoic acid and retinyl palmitate (vitamin A palmitate).
AB  - Two retinoids (13-cis-retinoic acid and retinyl palmitate ) have been shown to
      exert a good preventive effect in chemically induced papillomas and carcinomas of
      the skin in female Swiss mice; this effect was investigated over a period of 23
      weeks. The tumors were induced by repeated topical application of 3
      methylcholanthrene (0.3% MCA, dissolved in acetone; 14 applications). Retinyl
      palmitate (RP; 6 mg in 0.1 ml acetone/mouse; 10 applications) and 13-cis-retinoic
      acid (RA; 3 mg in 0.1 ml acetone/mouse; 10 applications) were also administered
      topically for the 3rd to 9th week from the start of the experiment. This
      investigation gave evidence for the fact that both the retinoids did not only
      inhibit the development of skin papillomas but had also a marked effect on skin
      carcinomas.

PMID- 6586494
TI  - Purification of prostaglandin E2-9-oxoreductase from human decidua vera.
AB  - Prostaglandin E2-9- oxoreductase (PGE2-9-OR), the enzyme which converts
      prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), has been detected
      in human decidua vera. A 105-fold purification was achieved when the centrifuged
      homogenate was fractionated sequentially by DEAE-Trisacryl, hydroxyapatite
      agarose gel, ultrogel AcA 44 and Matrex gel blue A gel chromatographies. The
      following kinetic constants for PGE2-9-OR have been obtained. The equilibrium
      constant with respect to PGE2 is 83 microM, the Michaelis constant, Km, for PGE2
      is 80 microM, for NADPH 1.6 microM. The maximal velocity for the forward reaction
      is V1 = .203 pmol/min. The enzyme was inhibited by progesterone, oestradiol-17
      beta, cortisol and pharmaceutical drugs. An activating effect could be
      demonstrated with Ca2+ and oxytocin. The occurrence of PGE2-9-OR in the decidua
      vera suggests that this enzyme may be responsible for the transformation of PGE2
      to PGF2 alpha in these tissues. This may be an important mechanism for the
      initiation and maintenance of uterine contractions.

PMID- 6586493
TI  - Colony hybridization method for screening in situ of eukaryotic amplified genes.
AB  - A new method for autoradiographic screening of amplified genes in cellular clones
      is described. The main feature of the device is to keep viable cells from each
      clone, which can subsequently be regrown. The availability of this biochemical
      screening method allows screening for recombinants harboring unselectable markers
      as well.

PMID- 6586495
TI  - On the dehydration of (R)-lactate in the fermentation of alanine to propionate by
      Clostridium propionicum.
AB  - All the enzymes of the pathway of (S)-alanine fermentation to acetate and
      propionate were detected in cell-free extracts of Clostridium propionicum . Among
      these (S)-glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD), (R)-lactate dehydrogenase (NAD) and
      propionate CoA-transferase were purified to apparent homogeneity. Their
      structures were presumably alpha 6, alpha 2 and alpha 4, respectively. The latter
      enzyme was specific for short-chain monocarboxylic acids with a pronounced
      preference for (R)-lactate over the (S)-enantiomer. The key step of the pathway,
      the dehydration of (R)-lactate required acetyl phosphate and CoASH under
      anaerobic conditions. It was inhibited by hydroxylamine, arsenate, azide (1 mM
      each) or by 0.1 mM 2,4-dinitrophenol. Thus it closely resembled the dehydration
      of (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate in Acidaminococcus fermentans , although an activation
      was not necessary.

PMID- 6586496
TI  - Opposite and mutually incompatible structural requirements of type-2 casein
      kinase and cAMP-dependent protein kinase as visualized with synthetic peptide
      substrates.
AB  - The synthetic hexapeptide Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Val-Glu and its N-acetylated derivative
      are readily and specifically phosphorylated by rat liver casein kinase TS (type
      2), while the derived heptapeptide with an additional N-terminal Arg is a very
      poor substrate. Conversely, the substitution of Glu for Val5 in the synthetic
      peptide Arg-Arg-Ser-Thr-Val-Ala, which is a good substrate for cAMP-dependent
      protein kinase by virtue of the N-terminal arginyl residues, prevents its
      phosphorylation by this enzyme. These data indicate that the site specificities
      of these two classes of protein kinases, requiring acidic and basic residues on
      the C- and N-terminal sides of the target residue(s), respectively, are mutually
      incompatible.

PMID- 6586497
TI  - A prospective study of the preselection of the sex of offspring by timing
      intercourse relative to ovulation.
AB  - The relationship between the sex of offspring and the time interval between
      coitus and ovulation/fertilization has been prospectively investigated in 33
      pregnancies using the rise in luteinizing hormone in the early morning urine, the
      peak cervical mucus symptom, and the shift in basal body temperature as
      indicators for ovulation. Reference to the peak cervical mucus symptom showed a
      significant association of conception of a male child with longer intervals
      (greater than 2 days) between coitus and fertilization (P less than 0.03).
      However, while a similar trend for male conceptions was evident when the duration
      of sperm survival was determined by reference to each of the other two indicators
      of ovulation, the relationship was not significant. The results clearly refute
      the theory that intercourse close to ovulation favors male conceptions. While the
      findings are consistent with the contrary theory, it may be premature to conclude
      that a male child is more likely to be conceived if coitus takes place several
      days before ovulation.

PMID- 6586498
TI  - [Effect of prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha on synaptic transmission in smooth
      muscle cells of the stomach and large intestine].

PMID- 6586499
TI  - Target marketing brings new patients.

PMID- 6586500
TI  - Selling cosmetic dentistry.

PMID- 6586501
TI  - Firing staff: make it easier for them and for you.

PMID- 6586502
TI  - How to improve your patient's dental IQ.

PMID- 6586503
TI  - Why I'm not ashamed to be a dentist.

PMID- 6586504
TI  - Ways to get a new employee off to a good start.

PMID- 6586505
TI  - What do dentists gain at the L.D. Pankey Institute?

PMID- 6586506
TI  - Happiness in dentistry: Dr. L.D. Pankey.

PMID- 6586507
TI  - New patients: how to get them and how to keep them.

PMID- 6586508
TI  - New dentists: steps to find your first practice.

PMID- 6586509
TI  - Drugs in dentistry. Local anesthetics.

PMID- 6586510
TI  - Nine ways to generate new patient referrals.

PMID- 6586511
TI  - Dentists' incomes: national and regional survey.

PMID- 6586512
TI  - The low-pressure, low-overhead, high-net office.

PMID- 6586513
TI  - Lighten your work and brighten productivity.

PMID- 6586514
TI  - Hear ye, hear ye, hear ye! an article all about advertising! read it for FREE! no
      obligations.

PMID- 6586515
TI  - Are dental centers hazardous to your economic health?

PMID- 6586516
TI  - Telltale signs that an employee is leaving.

PMID- 6586517
TI  - Dial your way to higher profits.

PMID- 6586518
TI  - Pennsylvania attacks delinquent accounts with its own Credit Reference Bureau.

PMID- 6586520
TI  - Wanted: dental technician--send resume and salary requirements.

PMID- 6586519
TI  - So you want to be the boss.

PMID- 6586521
TI  - Review of currently recommended aseptic procedures. II. Dental instrument
      preparation.

PMID- 6586522
TI  - Patients' acceptance of selective polishing.

PMID- 6586523
TI  - Decision making associated with dental hygiene practice.

PMID- 6586524
TI  - The law and dental hygiene practice.

PMID- 6586525
TI  - Health promotion/disease prevention: what more can the dental hygienist do?

PMID- 6586526
TI  - The potential of dental hygienists in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

PMID- 6586527
TI  - Hepatitis.

PMID- 6586528
TI  - The ADHA dental health initiative: more than just a pretty smile.

PMID- 6586529
TI  - A scientific exchange with the Peoples Republic of China. An interview with
      Maxine Tishk and Sherry Gound by Diane E. Huntley.

PMID- 6586530
TI  - Effectiveness of dental health educational programs on oral cleanliness of
      schoolchildren in Israel.

PMID- 6586531
TI  - Associate contract.

PMID- 6586532
TI  - Compensation methods vary with associateship types. Part II.

PMID- 6586533
TI  - Patient awareness key to dietary counseling.

PMID- 6586534
TI  - Faculty, peers help ease strain of dental school.

PMID- 6586535
TI  - Selective hiring prevents costly turnover of staff.

PMID- 6586536
TI  - Test-taking skills can help you succeed.

PMID- 6586537
TI  - Contract important safeguard for associate relationships. Part V.

PMID- 6586538
TI  - How dentists can cope when treatment fails.

PMID- 6586539
TI  - Producing models on a low budget.

PMID- 6586540
TI  - Preparing for state board exams. Part I. Case selection essential to success on
      boards.

PMID- 6586541
TI  - Research and its affect on dentistry's future.

PMID- 6586542
TI  - Established dentists: will they welcome you?

PMID- 6586543
TI  - Selecting an accountant.

PMID- 6586544
TI  - Inventory and supply control.

PMID- 6586545
TI  - Figuring revenues and costs before business decisions.

PMID- 6586546
TI  - Pursuing relevance in patient management.

PMID- 6586547
TI  - Smile! When you say advertising.

PMID- 6586548
TI  - Recapping the past 25 years of dentistry.

PMID- 6586549
TI  - Preparing for state board exams. Part IV. Readying yourself for success.

PMID- 6586550
TI  - [Repair of broken tooth. Possibilities of therapeutic restoration].

PMID- 6586551
TI  - [Caries and their treatment. Daily bread for dentists].

PMID- 6586552
TI  - [Effectiveness of pharmaceuticals in dental care].

PMID- 6586553
TI  - [The technical equipment of tomorrow's dental practice. Aspects of our common way
      into the future].

PMID- 6586554
TI  - [Videotext--one for everyone].

PMID- 6586555
TI  - A clinical trial to compare the effects of xylitol and sucrose chewing-gums on
      dental plaque growth.

PMID- 6586556
TI  - The oral hygienist's role as part of the dental health team with specific
      reference to diet and nutritional counselling.

PMID- 6586557
TI  - Some patients toss brickbats...and some toss bouquets.

PMID- 6586558
TI  - Early mistakes turned dream into nightmare.

PMID- 6586560
TI  - A profile of staffing patterns.

PMID- 6586561
TI  - Job review helps the staff.

PMID- 6586559
TI  - Motivated staff boosts productivity.

PMID- 6586562
TI  - How do you rate as a manager?

PMID- 6586563
TI  - Turnover trouble: ways to avoid this costly office problem.

PMID- 6586564
TI  - Establishing a team concept.

PMID- 6586565
TI  - Consider a family limited partnership.

PMID- 6586566
TI  - Phase-out agreement provides the best way to sell a practice.

PMID- 6586568
TI  - Group practice owners make significant production gains.

PMID- 6586567
TI  - When your new patient says, "No".

PMID- 6586569
TI  - New support concept keeps practices open.

PMID- 6586571
TI  - Accomplishments are achieved through people.

PMID- 6586570
TI  - Enjoying dentistry: the essential elements.

PMID- 6586572
TI  - Three keys to a productive staff.

PMID- 6586573
TI  - The legal aspects of hiring and firing.

PMID- 6586574
TI  - Regular meetings boost staff morale.

PMID- 6586575
TI  - Would reassigning duties increase office efficiency?

PMID- 6586576
TI  - Staff salaries increase, total employees decrease.

PMID- 6586577
TI  - Backing into dental office computerization.

PMID- 6586578
TI  - Questions to the president of a nationwide network. Interview by Dick Hale.

PMID- 6586579
TI  - More nonadvertising dentists in higher income brackets.

PMID- 6586580
TI  - A favorable prognosis for dentistry.

PMID- 6586581
TI  - The direct approach improves collections.

PMID- 6586582
TI  - Associate/owner relationship needs solid foundation.

PMID- 6586584
TI  - Moonlighting employees.

PMID- 6586583
TI  - Employment agreements for dental assistants.

PMID- 6586585
TI  - Basic porcelain jacket crown ceramics--Part 3.

PMID- 6586586
TI  - Computerized tomography, panoramic dental radiography, and lateral oblique
      projections for mandibular cortical and medullary defects: a comparative study.

PMID- 6586587
TI  - Microdensitometric analysis of interdental bone structure; the development of a
      registration method.

PMID- 6586588
TI  - Bony destruction from intraoral carcinomas.

PMID- 6586589
TI  - Comparison of xeroradiographs and film for detection of calculus.

PMID- 6586590
TI  - Panoramic radiographic anatomy of the superior region of the maxillary sinus.

PMID- 6586591
TI  - Diagnostic variation caused by differences in viewbox illumination and visual
      ability.

PMID- 6586592
TI  - The radiation burden in high resolution panoramic radiography. The fanned
      exposure pattern and integral absorbed dose in free focus radiography.

PMID- 6586593
TI  - The incidence of odontomes in dental patients at King Saud University.

PMID- 6586594
TI  - Rhodanese from Cercopithecus aethiops (vervet monkey) liver. I. Purification and
      some physical characteristics.
AB  - Rhodanese (thiosulphate sulphurtransferase , EC 2.8.1.1.) from Cercopithecus
      aethiops (vervet monkey) liver has been isolated and purified by means of
      extraction, ammoniumsulphate and pH fractionation, anion-exchange chromatography,
      Sephacryl S-300 gel chromatography and cation-exchange chromatography. A yield of
      about 10% pure enzyme with a specific activity of 242 U/mg protein corresponding
      to a purification factor of 523 was obtained. The enzyme was physically
      characterized and its homogeneity determined by electrophoretic studies and gel
      chromatography. The rhodanese enzyme has a molecular weight of 37,000 daltons, a
      D020 ,w value of 7.6 X 10(-7) cm2 sec-1, a Stokes radius (molecular size) of 2.75
      X 10(-7) cm and a frictional ratio of 1.071.

PMID- 6586595
TI  - Rhodanese from Cercopithecus aethiops (vervet monkey) liver. II. Aspects of
      enzyme kinetics and mechanism of action.
AB  - Initial velocity kinetic studies were undertaken and certain kinetic parameters (
      KmSSO2 -3 = 3.1 X 10(-3) M and Vmax = 153.85 U/ml/min.) were determined and the
      mechanism identified as a ping-pong (double displacement) mechanism. Competitive
      inhibition of rhodanese by both substrates, viz. thiosulphate and cyanide,
      provides additional evidence of Ping-Pong Bi-Bi mechanism for this transferase.

PMID- 6586596
TI  - Effect of bestatin on syngeneic tumors in mice.
AB  - The antitumor effect of bestatin against syngeneic tumors such as colon
      adenocarcinoma 26 (colon 26) and myeloid leukemia C1498 ( C1498 ) was
      investigated. Bestatin effectively inhibited the growth of both tumors in vivo.
      The inhibition observed for colon 26 was the largest when bestatin was
      administered on days 1 to 5 after transplantation of the tumor. The inhibition of
      C1498 was the largest when bestatin was administered on days 7 to 11. In contrast
      to these results, bestatin was not at all inhibitory to either tumor line in
      vitro. Thus, the effect of bestatin administration on the functions of the spleen
      cells of mice bearing tumors was examined. Spleen cells taken from mice bearing
      colon 26 and C1498 did not neutralize the corresponding tumor. However, when
      bestatin was administered to these mice, spleen cells from the administered mice
      did neutralize the corresponding tumor. Bestatin enhanced antibody-dependent cell
      mediated cytotoxicity and natural killer cell activity of the spleen cells of
      colon 26-bearing mice. Further, bestatin did not inhibit the growth of colon 26
      in BALB/c nu/nu mice. It was concluded that bestatin exhibits its antitumor
      effect against colon 26 and C1498 indirectly by immunomodulation via spleen cells
      and possibly via T cells.

PMID- 6586597
TI  - Gastric protection and adrenalectomy.

PMID- 6586598
TI  - Red lesion on the tongue.

PMID- 6586599
TI  - Scars on the neck.

PMID- 6586600
TI  - The effect of topical fluoride on microleakage.

PMID- 6586601
TI  - Components of local anesthetic solutions.

PMID- 6586602
TI  - Dentistry's future: gaining confidence from the past.

PMID- 6586603
TI  - Differential diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders.

PMID- 6586605
TI  - Consultation between dentists and physicians.

PMID- 6586604
TI  - Severe bone loss.

PMID- 6586606
TI  - Dentistry's future: broadening our focus to meet the research challenge.

PMID- 6586607
TI  - Selecting a practice location: a study of recent graduates.

PMID- 6586609
TI  - Reducing dentinal hypersensitivity with strontium chloride and potassium nitrate.

PMID- 6586608
TI  - Impaction of first molars: two case reports.

PMID- 6586611
TI  - Concrescence of teeth: a potential treatment hazard.

PMID- 6586610
TI  - Single-appointment occlusal splints.

PMID- 6586612
TI  - Fibrin-clot stabilization of the free gingival graft.

PMID- 6586613
TI  - Nodule on the tongue.

PMID- 6586614
TI  - Geriatric nutrition for edentulous and dentulous patients.

PMID- 6586616
TI  - Computers: an indispensable tool for the dental office.

PMID- 6586615
TI  - Muscle strength related to use of interocclusal splints.

PMID- 6586617
TI  - Evaluation of devices for storing amalgam scrap.

PMID- 6586618
TI  - Retrieval of endodontic silver points.

PMID- 6586619
TI  - Patient-applied ZOE: a clinical test.

PMID- 6586620
TI  - Discoloration in composite and microfill resins.

PMID- 6586621
TI  - Androgogy: taking an adult approach to dental continuing education.

PMID- 6586622
TI  - Purplish mass on the gingiva.

PMID- 6586624
TI  - Selecting continuing education courses: a checklist.

PMID- 6586623
TI  - Grooves on the tongue.

PMID- 6586625
TI  - [Body ventilation in chronic respiratory failure due to neuromuscular disorders].

PMID- 6586626
TI  - [Myelosarcoma--an unusual heart tumor. Differential diagnosis of hypertrophic and
      non-obstructive cardiomyopathy].
AB  - Heart tumours are seldom; secondary malignant tumours occur more often than
      primary heart tumours and there are no characteristic symptoms. According to the
      location and extent, tumours of the heart can cause practically all the known
      cardiological symptoms, not only in the discrete, but also in the dramatic form.
      Frequent symptoms are disrhythmia , myocardial insufficiency and pericardial
      effusion. In the case of uncertain cardial symptoms a possibly malignant heart
      disease should be looked for by means of ultrasonics, computer tomography,
      myocardszintigraphy and if necessary angiocardiography. If a diagnosis is made in
      time, the patient can be helped either by surgery, or in cases of secondary,
      malignant infiltrations the patient can often be treated successfully with
      chemotherapy or radiation. In cases of unusual heart tumours ( myelosarcoma )
      this differential diagnosis should also be taken into consideration.

PMID- 6586627
TI  - [Motivation in self care--practical advice to patients].

PMID- 6586628
TI  - [Inlays and partial crowns, relics of the past?].

PMID- 6586629
TI  - [Forensic significance of local anesthesia in ambulatory patients].

PMID- 6586630
TI  - Quantitative microscopy comparison of peroxisome proliferation by the lipid
      regulating agent gemfibrozil in several species.
AB  - Peroxisome proliferation, a well-documented subcellular reaction which follows
      the administration of hypolipidemic agents, has been well studied in rodents.
      However, quantitative studies of this phenomenon in other species of laboratory
      animals are not readily available even though these species are commonly used as
      predictors of tolerance or safety in humans. The quantitative stereologic studies
      reported here compared the effects of the new hypolipidemic agent gemfibrozil on
      hepatic peroxisomes of monkeys, dogs, hamsters and rats of both sexes under
      several treatment schedules. Gemfibrozil was administered to rats at 300 mg per
      kg per day for 1 year in the diet; to hamsters at 400 mg per kg per day for 2
      weeks by diet admixture; to dogs at 300 mg per kg per day in gelatin capsules for
      1 year; and to monkeys at 300 mg per kg day for 3 months by gavage. These dose
      levels were selected on the basis of tolerance from preliminary studies in each
      species. At the end of each experimental interval, liver samples were processed
      for quantitative microscopy. Peroxisomes from male rats were enlarged and the
      number of peroxisomes per cell were increased 7-fold over controls, resulting in
      a 20-fold increased peroxisome volume per cell. Statistically, significant
      increases also occurred in female rats and the difference between treated and
      controls was 3-fold for both number and volume of peroxisomes per cytoplasmic
      unit volume. In hamsters, peroxisomes were proliferated and were of significantly
      smaller size to the extent that the volume of cytoplasm occupied by peroxisomes
      was not significantly changed. In dogs, the number of peroxisomes per cell was
      increased and the volume fraction was significantly increased in females only.
      The number of peroxisomes in young monkeys did not change after treatment, and
      the peroxisome volume was decreased in males and increased in females. Aged
      monkeys had increased number of peroxisomes per hepatocyte with increased volume
      fraction. These results indicate significant differences in the magnitude and
      direction of peroxisome changes, reflecting species-dependent organelle response
      to hypolipidemic agents. The order of susceptibility of peroxisome proliferation
      in laboratory animals is dog less than monkey less than hamster less than rat.

PMID- 6586631
TI  - Purification and characterization of the multiple forms of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase in rat liver cytosol.
AB  - The presence of multiple forms of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the
      cytosol of male rat livers was demonstrated. The enzyme activity was separated
      into two fractions (F3 and F4) by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, and further
      fractionation of F3 into four (I-IV) and F4 into three (I-III) fractions was
      achieved by subsequent CM-Sephadex chromatography. Six forms (F3-II-IV and F4-I
      III) were further purified by chromatofocusing and Red-Sepharose 4B
      chromatography. Two (F4-II and III) of the isolated enzymes were homogeneous,
      based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. No shift of pI values was observed,
      when isoelectric focusing was performed with the F4 enzyme species in the
      presence of NAD(P)+ or NAD(P)H. All six enzyme species migrated closely with each
      other on dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, from which the
      molecular masses were estimated to be 32 500 Da. Gel filtration gave similar
      values for the F4 enzyme species, indicating that each enzyme is a monomeric
      peptide. All enzyme species were able to catalyse the dehydrogenation of 3 alpha
      hydroxysteroids (C19 to C26), and not C27 compound having a 1,5-dimethylhexyl
      side chain. The catalytic properties with steroids were very similar for five of
      the enzyme species, but F3-IV especially preferred androsterone. When male rat
      livers were used for isolation, the enzyme activity ratio of F3 to F4 for
      androsterone was about 1 to 8, whereas the ratio was about 1 to 20 for female rat
      livers. Considering the biosynthetic pathway of bile acids, the enzymes isolated
      here might play a specific role in the conversion of a 3 beta-hydroxy group to a
      3 alpha-hydroxy group via a 3-oxo group of an intermediate in the synthesis of
      bile acids.

PMID- 6586632
TI  - Histomorphological study of cellular interactions between stromal and
      haemopoietic stem cells in normal and leukaemic bone marrow.
AB  - The interactions between haemopoietic and stromal elements are crucial for stem
      cell proliferation and differentiation. The bulk of this evidence is derived from
      experiments in rodents and in-vitro culture studies. We have studied the spatial
      relationships between the stromal and haemopoietic components and their cellular
      composition in histological sections of bone marrow (BM) from seven healthy
      fetuses, 10 normal adults and over 60 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML)
      and chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) at different stages of the disease.
      During the early developmental stage (16-18 weeks) fetal BM showed focal
      haemopoiesis with a characteristic spatial localization of haemopoiesis near bony
      trabeculae and around small blood vessels. In AML following the treatment-induced
      hypoplasia, large uniform unilocular fat cells arranged in groups designated
      'structured fat' developed from scattered multilocular precursor fat cells. Early
      foci of haemopoietic regeneration were present almost exclusively in areas of
      structured fat. In the marrow of patients with CGL in blast transformation (BT)
      treated by intensive therapy and autografting with cryopreserved haemopoietic
      stem cells, the haemopoiesis was focal. Clusters of regenerating erythroid
      precursors or of megakaryocytes were seen in intimate contact with marrow
      sinusoids and granulopoietic precursors in intimate association with small blood
      vessels and also in close contact with the endosteal surface of bony trabeculae.
      We conclude that the endosteal cells, fat cells and the vascular endothelial
      cells comprise the critical non-haemopoietic stromal elements of human BM. The
      close associations observed between the regenerating haemopoietic cells and the
      stromal cells provide strong evidence in support of the existence of a permissive
      haemopoietic micro-environment in man and emphasize the structural and functional
      interrelationships that exists between bone, fat, the microvascular system and
      haemopoiesis in human bone marrow.

PMID- 6586633
TI  - Revised standards now for contingency use.

PMID- 6586634
TI  - Regional localization of the human genes for S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase
      (cen----q131) and adenosine deaminase (q131----qter) on chromosome 20.
AB  - The gene loci for S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase ( AHCY ) and adenosine
      deaminase (ADA), two enzymes with related metabolic functions, have both been
      assigned to human chromosome 20. We have used rodent-human somatic hybrids
      containing translocations involving human chromosome 20 to more precisely
      determine the relative locations of the AHCY and ADA loci. Our results assign the
      AHCY locus to the long arm of chromosome 20, in the region cen---- q131 , and ADA
      to the region q131 ----qter.

PMID- 6586636
TI  - Red cell glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) variation in Afro-Jamaican, Asiatic
      Indian, and Dutch populations. Is the GPX1*2 allele of "Thomas" variant an
      African marker?
AB  - A Cellogel procedure for screening the electrophoretic variants of the human red
      cell glutathione peroxidase ( GPX1 ) was described. Three hundred and ninety
      eight Dutch persons living in various parts of The Netherlands, 385 individuals
      born in various states of India, and 72 Jamaicans of African origin living in
      Birmingham, UK, were screened for GPX1 variants. The Dutch were monomorphic,
      while one Afro-Jamaican female and two males and one female of the 116 Punjabis
      were found to be variants indistinguishable from each other in their pattern of
      electrophoresis. The clear five banded pattern of the variant indicated that the
      subunit structure of the human red cell glutathione peroxidase is most probably a
      tetramer and suggested that the variant is the expression of a heterozygote due
      to alleles at an autosomal locus. The corresponding phenotype was designated
      tentatively as GPX1 2-1 and the alleles as GPX1 *1 and GPX1 *2 respectively. The
      variant 2-1 was found to be identical to the "Thomas" variant described by
      Beutler and West (1974). Thus so far, in addition to the Afro-Americans and
      Ashkenazi Jews (Beutler et al. 1974), the Punjabis of the Indian subcontinent
      (this report) were found to exhibit the GPX1 polymorphism due to the GPX1 *2
      allele. The data discussed in this paper (which included unpublished observations
      on several African and non-African populations) suggest that the GPX1 *2 allele
      is originally an African variant and hint that the present day Punjabis of Indian
      subcontinent, like Ashkenazi Jews, are "predominantly of Mediterranean origin
      with some proportion of African ancestry" ( Mourant et al. 1976).

PMID- 6586635
TI  - Heterozygous female carriers of the marker-X-chromosome: IQ estimation and
      replication status of fra(X)(q).
AB  - The IQ levels of 18 female carriers with the marker X chromosome were evaluated,
      and cytogenetic studies after BrdU incorporation were performed. A highly
      significant correlation between mental capacity and replication pattern of the X
      chromosomes could be demonstrated. Heterozygous females with normal intelligence
      showed a clear tendency to carry the fragile site at the late replicating X
      chromosome, while other female carriers with lower intelligence or mental
      impairment expressed their fragile site mainly with the early replicating X
      chromosome. This observation could be interpreted as an expression of Lyonisation
      .

PMID- 6586637
TI  - Transferrin subtypes and variants in Germany; further evidence for a Tf null
      allele.
AB  - Isoelectric focusing (IEF) with carrier ampholytes was used for the determination
      of transferrin C subtypes and transferrin B and D variants in a sample of 1125
      unrelated individuals from Southern Germany. The observed TfC allele frequencies
      were Tf*C1 = 0.7872, Tf*C2 = 0.1365, and Tf*C3 = 0.0675. The rare C subtype C6
      was observed twice. A new C subtype, called C10, was observed and identified by
      IEF with immobilized pH gradients. The rare C subtypes C4 and C8 were also
      studied by this method. TfB and TfD variants were found with a heterozygous
      frequency of 1.53%. One new TfD was found which is located between D1 and D2 and
      therefore named D1-2. Evidence for a Tf null allele was obtained in a child and
      the putative father; they were considered to be heterozygous for an allele Tf0.
      The theoretical exclusion rate for paternity examinations was calculated for the
      Tf system and found to be 17.95%.

PMID- 6586639
TI  - Polynuclear aromatic compounds, Part 1, Chemical, environmental and experimental
      data.

PMID- 6586638
TI  - A comparative study on steroid sulfatase and arylsulfatase C in fibroblast clones
      from 45,X/47,XXX and 69,XXY.
AB  - Steroid sulfatase (STS) and arylsulfatase C ( ARSC ) were studied in fibroblast
      clones from a 45,X/47,XXX mosaic and from a 69,XXY triploidy with one or two
      active X chromosomes. The comparison of the 47,XXX with 45,X clones showed an
      incomplete gene dosage effect (1.8 for STS and 2.0 for ARSC ). This was not the
      case for the triploid clones with different X-inactivation patterns. These
      results confirm previous reports on the non-inactivation of the STS gene, and
      establish X linkage and non-inactivation for the ARSC gene as well.

PMID- 6586640
TI  - Anthracene.

PMID- 6586641
TI  - Benz[a]acridine.

PMID- 6586642
TI  - Benz[c]acridine.

PMID- 6586643
TI  - Benz[a]anthracene.

PMID- 6586644
TI  - Benzo[b]fluoranthene.

PMID- 6586646
TI  - Benzo[k]fluoranthene.

PMID- 6586645
TI  - Benzo[j]fluoranthene.

PMID- 6586647
TI  - Benzo[ghi]fluoranthene.

PMID- 6586648
TI  - Benzo[a]fluorene.

PMID- 6586649
TI  - Benzo[b]fluorene.

PMID- 6586650
TI  - Benzo[c]fluorene.

PMID- 6586651
TI  - Benzo[ghi]perylene.

PMID- 6586652
TI  - Benzo[c]phenanthrene.

PMID- 6586653
TI  - Benzo[e]pyrene.

PMID- 6586654
TI  - Carbazole.

PMID- 6586655
TI  - Chrysene.

PMID- 6586656
TI  - Coronene.

PMID- 6586657
TI  - Cyclopenta[cd]pyrene.

PMID- 6586658
TI  - Dibenz[a,h]acridine.

PMID- 6586659
TI  - Dibenz[a,j]acridine.

PMID- 6586660
TI  - Dibenz[a,c]anthracene.

PMID- 6586661
TI  - Dibenz[a,h]anthracene.

PMID- 6586662
TI  - Dibenz[a,j]anthracene.

PMID- 6586663
TI  - 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole.

PMID- 6586664
TI  - Dibenzo[a,e]fluoranthene.

PMID- 6586665
TI  - Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene.

PMID- 6586666
TI  - Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene.

PMID- 6586667
TI  - Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene.

PMID- 6586668
TI  - Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene.

PMID- 6586669
TI  - 1,4-Dimethylphenanthrene.

PMID- 6586670
TI  - Fluoranthene.

PMID- 6586671
TI  - Fluorene.

PMID- 6586672
TI  - Indeno [1,2,3-cd]pyrene.

PMID- 6586673
TI  - 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-Methylchrysenes.

PMID- 6586674
TI  - 2- and 3-Methylfluoranthenes.

PMID- 6586675
TI  - 1-Methylphenanthrene.

PMID- 6586676
TI  - Perylene.

PMID- 6586677
TI  - Phenanthrene.

PMID- 6586678
TI  - Pyrene.

PMID- 6586680
TI  - Anthanthrene.

PMID- 6586679
TI  - Triphenylene.

PMID- 6586681
TI  - How to maximize your opportunities through third-party dentistry.

PMID- 6586682
TI  - Capitation in Illinois. Part II--How the system works.

PMID- 6586683
TI  - Intramucosal inserts--help for the atrophic maxilla.

PMID- 6586684
TI  - Local anesthetic cartridge warmer--first in, first out fresh.

PMID- 6586685
TI  - Elimination of the yeast Candida parapsilosis from lymphoid cells and monolayer
      cells in culture.
AB  - In our laboratory, airborne yeast contaminants of cell cultures have consistently
      been of the genus Candida (species Candida parapsilosis), which are difficult to
      control with fungicidal agents. To salvage cell lines that show the presence of
      this fungus, two effective methods may be employed. In early stages of infection,
      the addition of activated mouse peritoneal macrophages (5 X 10(5) cells/ml) to
      the culture medium containing 5 micrograms Fungizone /ml eliminates all spores by
      phagocytosis. More heavily contaminated cultures can be depleted of fungi by
      density centrifugation on a layer of 38% Percoll. Remaining single spores, often
      not detectable by light microscopy, can be removed by the addition of macrophages
      (2 X 10(5)/ml) and Fungizone (5 micrograms/ml) to the culture medium.
      Contaminated monolayer cells can be freed of blastospores by several washes with
      balanced salt solution and subsequent culturing for 4 d in medium containing 10
      micrograms Fungizone /ml without any toxic effects to the cells. These procedures
      can rescue valuable cell lines and hybridomas that would otherwise be lost.

PMID- 6586686
TI  - Hand mirror cell variant of acute lymphoblastic leukaemias--report of thirteen
      cases.

PMID- 6586687
TI  - Acute promyelocytic leukaemia--hypergranular and microgranular variants.

PMID- 6586689
TI  - Extended wear contact lenses for myopia.

PMID- 6586688
TI  - Experience with long term survivals in acute lymphocytic leukaemia.

PMID- 6586690
TI  - PPO's (preferred provider organizations).

PMID- 6586691
TI  - [An esthetic periodontal access flap].

PMID- 6586692
TI  - [Dentomaxillofacial normal values in an adult Moroccan population].

PMID- 6586693
TI  - [What is your diagnosis? Adamantinoma].

PMID- 6586694
TI  - [Local hemostasis using lyophilized collagen].

PMID- 6586695
TI  - [Quality criteria of the radiographic image].

PMID- 6586696
TI  - [Resin sealing of enamel pits and fissures].

PMID- 6586697
TI  - [Anatomical factors in periodontal surgery. A study limited to the cuspid
      region].

PMID- 6586698
TI  - Pulpal effects of glass ionomer cements.

PMID- 6586700
TI  - Apical leakage associated with three obturation techniques in large and small
      root canals.

PMID- 6586701
TI  - Mounted human skulls as an aid to preclinical endodontic teaching.

PMID- 6586699
TI  - Cytotoxicity of root canal sealers: a study using HeLa cells and fibroblasts.

PMID- 6586702
TI  - The endodontic management of a replanted avulsed tooth with severe root
      resorption--a case report.

PMID- 6586703
TI  - Conservative endodontic therapy following the removal of a "globulomaxillary
      cyst"--a case report and review of literature.

PMID- 6586704
TI  - Factors influencing patient selection of a dental school for their treatment
      needs.

PMID- 6586705
TI  - Intramucosal inserts--help for the atrophic maxilla.

PMID- 6586706
TI  - Engineering chimeras for Noah's ark.

PMID- 6586707
TI  - Perspective on genetic effects of radiation.
AB  - The BEIR -III estimates of genetic effects of radiation are combined with current
      estimates of radiation from the nuclear-energy industry to derive estimates of
      the genetic effects of the latter, and the results are put into perspective. All
      nuclear electricity would have genetic effects equivalent to those of increasing
      average parental age by 2.6 days (average age of parents shifted by 1.8 yr
      between 1940-1960), or of men spending 8 hr more per year wearing pants . If 0.5%
      of the taxes paid by the nuclear industry were used to combat genetic disease by
      currently available methods, this would avert 160 cases of genetic disease for
      each case caused by the nuclear industry. Using this money for genetic research
      would be even more profitable, by a large factor. It is pointed out that the
      activities of our generation have numerous impacts, both favorable and
      unfavorable, on future generations that are enormously more important than the
      genetic effects of our radiation. It is shown that the genetic effects of
      radiation cannot destroy the human race or create new type monsters. Genetic
      risks to children of radiation workers and non-radiation workers in the present
      generation are also treated.

PMID- 6586709
TI  - Acute monocytic leukemia in a dog.

PMID- 6586708
TI  - HLA and GM in insulin-dependent diabetes in the Netherlands: report on a combined
      multiplex family and population study.
AB  - This report deals with the genetic factors involved in insulin-dependent diabetes
      mellitus (IDD) in The Netherlands. Twenty-two Dutch multiplex families with IDD
      were typed for HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DR antigens, for BF, C2, C4, and GLO
      polymorphisms, as well as for GM allotypes of immunoglobulins. In addition, 53
      unrelated IDD children and 31 unrelated patients with adult onset IDD were typed
      for HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DR antigens. A significant heterogeneity for the
      frequency of HLA-DR4 related to age of onset was observed. A significant
      deviation of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed for the HLA-DR locus
      with an excess in patients of heterozygotes HLA-DR3, -DR4.HLA-B8, and HLA-B15
      were not only secondary associated, but constituted with HLA-DR3 and -DR4,
      respectively, a haplotype in association with IDD. Nonrandom segregation of HLA
      haplotypes was observed in multiplex families exemplified by an excess of HLA
      identical affected sibpairs . Cross- overs between HLA-DR and GLO identified the
      HLA-DR segment as mainly involved in the association with IDD. Three diabetic
      haplotypes were confirmed to occur frequently among affected sibs: (a) A1, B8,
      BFS, C2.1, C4AQO , C4B1 ,DR3, GLO2 ; (b) Aw30, Cw5 ,B18,BFF1,C2.1, C4A3 , C4BQO
      ,DR3, GLO2 ; (c) A2,Cw3, B15,BFS, C2.1, C4A3 , C4B3 , DR4,GLO1. The segregation
      of GM allotypes to affected sibpairs was not significantly different from random
      segregation. The main conclusions from this study are that significant
      heterogeneity for age of onset exists and that the data are not compatible with
      simple genetic models including dominant, recessive, and intermediate models of
      inheritance. The data do require more complex models, involving two different HLA
      linked (sets of) susceptibility genes.

PMID- 6586710
TI  - Insemination of Holstein heifers at a preset time after estrous cycle
      synchronization using progesterone and prostaglandin.
AB  - Two experiments were conducted to study estrous cycle control regimens that
      combine progesterone administration via an intravaginal device ( PRID ) with a
      single injection of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PG). In Exp. I, 242 Holstein heifers
      were assigned randomly to one of three treatment groups at 14 to 18 mo of age.
      Treatments were: 1) control, 2) PRID -6 + PG-6 ( PRID in place for 6 d plus PG on
      the day of PRID removal) and 3) PRID -7 + PG-6 ( PRID in place for 7 d plus PG on
      the day before PRID removal). Heifers were observed for estrous activity and were
      inseminated at 8 to 20 h after estrus was detected. Estrus and ovulation were
      effectively synchronized after both PRID + PG treatments. Ninety-nine percent of
      the heifers in each group were in estrus within 168 h after PG injection.
      However, the interval from PG administration to the onset of estrus was longer
      after PRID -7 + PG-6 (75 +/- 2 h) than after PRID -6 + PG-6 (66 +/- 2 h). A lower
      variance in the interval from PG treatment to estrus was observed after PRID -7 +
      PG-6, suggesting that the 24 h delay in PRID withdrawal improved the synchrony of
      the onset of estrus. Pregnancy rates (72 to 82%) did not vary across treatment
      groups. Two-hundred seventy-four heifers were assigned to Exp. II. Treatments
      were 1) control, 2) 2 X PG (two injections of PG at an 11 d interval) and 3) PRID
      -7 + PG-6.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6586711
TI  - Synchronized estrus and subsequent conception in dairy heifers treated with
      prostaglandin F2 alpha. I. Influence of stage of cycle at treatment.
AB  - When prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) was injected (im) at three different
      stages of the cycle, estrus was synchronized within an 80-h period in a
      progressively, but nonsignificantly, higher percentage of heifers with each
      advancing stage: 86.0% at d 7, 90.0% at d 11 and 98.0% at d 15. Estrus was
      exhibited within a 48-h period for heifers treated on d 7, but extended over a 72
      h period for heifers treated on either d 11 or 15. Stage of cycle when PGF2 alpha
      was injected not only influenced the degree of estrous synchrony, but also
      influenced (P less than .001) the time of estrous onsets. Within the 24-h
      interval from 32 to 56 h postinjection, the percentage of heifers exhibiting
      estrus from treatment on d 7, 11 or 15 varied widely: 88.4, 13.3 and 73.5,
      respectively. Induction of estrus was complete, or nearly so, by 72 h
      postinjection for heifers treated during the early (d 7 = 100.0%) or late (d 15 =
      95.5%) stage of the cycle, but reached only midpoint for midcycle injections (d
      11 = 48.9%), with the remaining one-half (51.1%) occurring 72 to 104 h later.
      Pregnancies arising from the first through the fifth services among the 150 PGF2
      alpha-treated heifers were as follows: 76.0, 10.0, 6.7, 4.0 and .7%, plus failure
      of pregnancy in 2.7%. These percentages were not different (P greater than .50)
      from those among the 50 control heifers.

PMID- 6586712
TI  - In-vitro activity of enoxacin (CL-919), a new quinoline derivative, compared with
      that of other antimicrobial agents.
AB  - The in-vitro activity of enoxacin (CI-919), a new synthetic quinoline derivative
      was compared with that of three other quinolines ofloxacin, norfloxacin and
      nalidixic acid. In addition beta-lactams and gentamicin were also included when
      appropriate. The MICs of enoxacin for 90% of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp.,
      Enterobacter spp., Proteus spp., Providencia stuartii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and
      Staphylococcus aureus were less than 4 mg/l, for Haemophilus influenzae less than
      0.25 mg/l and Neisseria gonorrhoeae less than 0.03 mg/l. Bacteroides fragilis and
      streptococci (including Streptococcus pneumoniae) were less susceptible, MIC90 16
      mg/l. Against many of the common Enterobacteriaceae enoxacin displayed a similar
      degree of activity as gentamicin. Gentamicin-resistant strains of common
      bacterial pathogens were susceptible to enoxacin as were methicillin-resistant
      Staph. aureus. The protein binding of enoxacin (concentration 5 mg/l) was 18%.

PMID- 6586713
TI  - Mapping of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata nif genes.
AB  - The endogenous gene transfer system of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata was used to
      analyze mutations which block the ability to use molecular nitrogen as the sole
      nitrogen source (nif). With this fine-structure mapping tool, linkage of nif
      mutations could be reliably established if separated by 2,700 base pairs or less.
      Eleven independent mutations were analyzed, and five linkage groups were found.
      The overall chromosomal arrangement of these groups awaits conjugational or
      physical analysis. A candidate for the inactive subunit of R. capsulata Fe
      protein was located in gels at a position of about 38,000 molecular weight, 5,000
      more than that of the presumed active subunit.

PMID- 6586714
TI  - Extracellular polysaccharide composition, ex planta nitrogenase activity, and DNA
      homology in Rhizobium japonicum.
AB  - The composition of the major acidic extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) of 25
      strains of Rhizobium japonicum was determined. Eight strains synthesized an
      acidic EPS containing rhamnose and 4-O- methylglucuronic acid and were closely
      related according to DNA homology. These same strains also expressed high levels
      of ex planta nitrogenase activity. Sixteen strains produced an acidic EPS
      containing glucose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and galactose and were also
      related by DNA homology. These strains developed little or no nitrogenase
      activity under the experimental conditions employed.

PMID- 6586716
TI  - Nutritional findings in the U.S. preschool and young school-age population.

PMID- 6586715
TI  - Direct sagittal (lateral) computer tomography of the temporomandibular joints.

PMID- 6586717
TI  - The delivery of dental care--which system?

PMID- 6586718
TI  - Preventive orthodontics: the importance of early supervision.

PMID- 6586719
TI  - Dependence on surface pH and surface substrate concentration of activity of
      microsome-bound arylsulfatase C and the surface charge density in the vicinity of
      the enzyme.
AB  - Dependence on the salt concentration of the activity of microsome-bound
      arylsulfatase C [EC 3.1.6.1] from rat liver was examined. The activity increased
      with increasing salt concentration in the reaction medium in the whole pH range
      tested. This effect can be explained by the dependence of the reaction rate on
      the surface pH and the surface concentration of the ionic substrate. The
      dependence on salt concentration of the activity of the microsome-bound
      arylsulfatase C and the pH-dependences of Vmax and Km of the enzyme were used for
      the estimation of pH at the microsomal surface. The two values of the surface pH
      (surface potential) and the salt concentration were applied to the Gouy-Chapman
      equation. The value of -0.39 +/- 0.08 X 10(-3) elementary charge/A2 was obtained
      as the surface charge density in the vicinity of the microsome-bound
      arylsulfatase C. This was smaller than the over-all value for microsomes (-1.08
      +/- 0.04 X 10(-3) elementary charge/A2; Masamoto, K. (1982) J. Biochem. 92, 365
      371). This suggests that the anion concentration in the vicinity of the enzyme on
      microsomes is lower than that in the bulk aqueous phase and is higher than the
      average value at the microsomal surface when the salt concentration is low.

PMID- 6586720
TI  - A sulfotransferase-sulfatase system in avian oviduct which catalyzes a conversion
      of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate to the 6-sulfate isomer.
AB  - Magnum from quail oviduct was subfractionated to yield epithelium and tubular
      glands. The in vitro enzymatic activities involved in sulfated sugar nucleotide
      biosynthesis were assayed in these isolated tissues. The results demonstrated
      that the activities necessary for a series of reactions, UDP-N
      acetylgalactosamine----UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate----UDP-N
      acetylgalactosamine 4,6- bisulfate ----UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfate, are
      located predominantly in the tubular gland. Both time course and pulse-chase
      studies with [35S]sulfate gave results that were consistent with this reaction
      scheme. A microsomal preparation from the magnum was shown to be capable of
      labeling all three sulfate sugar nucleotides with [35S]sulfate upon incubation
      with UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine and 3'- phosphoadenylyl [35S]sulfate. Again, their
      relative labeling rates were in the order necessary to allow for a synthesis of
      sulfated sugar nucleotides in the sequence described above. Furthermore,
      incubation of the microsomal preparation with UDP-N-[14C]acetylgalactosamine 4
      sulfate and 3'- phosphoadenylyl sulfate resulted in the formation of UDP-N
      [14C]acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfate. Also shown was the existence in the
      microsomal preparation of a sulfatase specific for the sulfate at position 4 of
      UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine 4,6- bisulfate . The results, together with those
      obtained in previous investigations, suggest that the tubular gland of quail
      oviduct contains a microsomal multienzyme system which catalyzes a series of
      sulfation and desulfation of N-acetylgalactosamine residues at the nonreducing
      terminal position of either sugar nucleotides or polysaccharide chains.

PMID- 6586721
TI  - Characterization of transducin from bovine retinal rod outer segments. Mechanism
      and effects of cholera toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation.
AB  - Transducin, a guanine nucleotide-binding protein consisting of two subunits (T
      alpha and T beta gamma), mediates the signal coupling between rhodopsin and a
      membrane-bound cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase in retinal rod outer segments. The T
      alpha subunit is an activator of the phosphodiesterase, and the function of the T
      beta gamma subunit is to physically link T alpha with photolyzed rhodopsin. In
      this study, the mechanism of cholera toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of T alpha
      has been examined in a reconstituted system consisting of purified transducin and
      stripped rod outer segment membranes. Limited proteolysis of the labeled T alpha
      with trypsin indicated that the inserted ADP-ribose is located exclusively on a
      single proteolytic fragment with an apparent molecular weight of 23,000. Maximal
      incorporation of ADP-ribose was achieved when guanosine 5'-(beta, gamma
      imido)triphosphate (Gpp(NH)p) and T beta gamma were present at concentrations
      equal to that of T alpha and when rhodopsin was continuously irradiated with
      visible light in the 400-500 nm region. The stimulating effect of illumination
      was related to the direct interaction of the retinal chromophore with opsin.
      These findings strongly suggest that a transient protein complex consisting of T
      alpha X Gpp(NH)p, T beta gamma, and a photointermediate of rhodopsin is the
      required substrate for cholera toxin. Single turnover kinetic measurements
      demonstrated that the ADP-ribosylation of T alpha coincided with the appearance
      of a population of transducin molecules having a very slow rate of GTP
      hydrolysis. The hydrolysis rate of the bound GTP for this population was 1.1 X
      10(-3)/s, which was 22-fold slower than the rate for the unmodified transducin.

PMID- 6586722
TI  - Characterization of transducin from bovine retinal rod outer segments. The role
      of sulfhydryl groups.
AB  - The properties and functions of the sulfhydryl groups of transducin were examined
      by 5,5' -dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) titration and N-ethylmaleimide
      modification. The T beta gamma subunit of transducin contained a total of six
      free sulfhydryl groups and two were reactive under native conditions. Both
      reactive sulfhydryl groups were located in the beta polypeptide. The functions of
      transducin were not affected by the modification of these two sulfhydryl groups.
      The T alpha subunit of transducin contained three accessible sulfhydryl groups
      under both native and denaturing conditions. When 1.3 sulfhydryl groups were
      covalently modified by N-ethylmaleimide, the GTPase activity, the guanosine 5' 
      (beta, gamma-imido)triphosphate (Gpp(NH)p) uptake, and the rhodopsin-binding
      property of transducin were inhibited. The binding of Gpp(NH)p to T alpha blocked
      two of the three sulfhydryl groups from chemical modification and increased the
      reactivity of the remaining one. Modification of this specific sulfhydryl group
      of T alpha -Gpp(NH)p inhibited the exchange of the bound Gpp(NH)p for GTP.
      However, the modified T alpha-Gpp(NH)p was able to activate cGMP
      phosphodiesterase in solution and on positively charged liposomes. These findings
      demonstrated that a conformational change of T alpha occurs upon the binding of
      Gpp(NH)p and a specific sulfhydryl group of T alpha plays an important role in
      the activation of transducin in retinal rod outer segments.

PMID- 6586723
TI  - The effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on the biosynthesis and release of
      proteoglycans from calf articular cartilage cultures.
AB  - Organ cultures of bovine articular cartilage from metacarpophalangeal joints of
      calf maintain steady state metabolism of cartilage proteoglycans over the course
      of several weeks. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) depress biosynthesis of
      proteoglycans in such cultures to approximately 60% of control values after 1-2
      days of treatment. A glycolipid from the Salmonella minnesota Re 595 mutant,
      which lacks the polysaccharide chains of LPS, also depresses proteoglycan
      synthesis. If LPS is removed from the medium as late as after 12 days of
      exposure, proteoglycan synthesis returns to control values. Proteoglycans
      synthesized during the first week of LPS treatment are indistinguishable from
      those synthesized by control cultures in terms of their hydrodynamic size and the
      relative amounts of disaccharides released by chondroitin lyase ABC digestion of
      their glycosaminoglycan chains. However, after 15-18 days of treatment,
      significant proportions of a smaller proteoglycan are synthesized. For cultures
      prelabeled with [35S]sulfate, the rate of release of 35S-labeled proteoglycans
      from the matrix is accelerated approximately 2-fold over control during the first
      week of LPS treatment. This effect is completely reversed upon removal of LPS
      from the medium. For cultures prelabeled with [35S]sulfate, approximately 40 and
      90% of the 35S-labeled proteoglycans are lost from the matrix after 18 days in
      control and LPS-treated cultures, respectively. The labeled proteoglycans
      remaining in the matrix of the control after 18 days were indistinguishable from
      newly synthesized proteoglycans in terms of hydrodynamic size as were those in 7
      day LPS-treated cultures when approximately 40% of the labeled proteoglycans had
      been lost. Even after 18 days of LPS treatment, more than 60% of the remaining
      labeled molecules were unchanged. LPS stimulates prostaglandin E2 synthesis in
      these cultures while indomethacin in the presence of LPS blocks synthesis.
      However, indomethacin did not alter the metabolism of proteoglycans in either
      control or LPS-treated cultures, indicating that prostaglandins are not directly
      involved in regulating proteoglycan metabolism in this system.

PMID- 6586724
TI  - Kinetics of activation of casein kinase II by polyamines and reversal of 2,3
      bisphosphoglycerate inhibition.
AB  - The effects of polyamines on the catalytic activity of casein kinase II have been
      studied. Of the three polyamines tested (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine),
      spermine was the most effective at stimulating the enzyme. When physiological
      concentrations of potassium and magnesium were utilized, 50% activation was
      observed at 0.28 mM spermine or 0.70 mM spermidine. With mixtures of spermine and
      spermidine at physiological concentrations for the reticulocyte (0.04 and 1.06
      mM, respectively), a 2.5-fold stimulation of casein kinase II activity was
      observed. In general, stimulation of the enzyme was dependent on salt
      concentration and it was necessary to hold ionic strength constant in order to
      separate specific activation by the polyamines from general salt activation.
      Optimum activation by polyamines was observed at low ionic strength and
      physiological concentrations of Mg2+. When beta-casein and eukaryotic initiation
      factors 2 or 3 were used as substrates, up to 3.5-fold stimulation of casein
      kinase II was observed. In the absence of polyamine, half-saturation of the
      enzyme by Mg2+ was observed at 1-3 mM MgCl2, a concentration much higher than
      required for ATP-Mg2+ complex formation. This dependence of the enzyme on Mg2+
      was greatly diminished in the presence of spermine. Spermine decreased the
      apparent Km for casein and increased the maximum velocity of the reaction.
      Spermidine and spermine also effectively reversed inhibition by 2,3
      bisphosphoglycerate. The significant activation by polyamines observed under
      conditions similar to those measured for the red cell suggest that the
      polyamines, spermidine and to a lesser extent spermine, function to regulate
      casein kinase II in vivo.

PMID- 6586725
TI  - Parosteal osteosarcoma.
AB  - Forty-one cases of parosteal osteosarcoma were reviewed clinically,
      radiologically and pathologically. The fibrous and cartilaginous elements of each
      tumour were graded from I to IV for malignancy. Primary intramedullary
      involvement was found in one third of Grade I lesions, two-thirds of Grade II and
      nearly 90% of Grade III lesions. Thirty-five patients with adequate follow-up
      were also studied and evaluated as to the adequacy of surgical management in
      relation to the later development of local recurrence or metastasis or both. No
      metastases were seen from Grade I tumours despite a number of local recurrences.
      One third of patients with Grade II and half of those with Grade III tumours
      developed pulmonary metastases and died, all with involvement of the medullary
      cavity before distant spread. No patients with adequate surgical management
      developed local recurrence; in those with inadequate treatment there was an 88%
      local recurrence rate.

PMID- 6586726
TI  - Leukemic intestinal pneumatosis.
AB  - A benign form of pneumatosis intestinalis has been reported in children with
      leukemia but also occurs in adults as we report here. Radiologists must be
      familiar with this entity or a mistaken diagnosis of an abdominal catastrophe
      will be made, committing the patient to unneccessary emergency surgery.

PMID- 6586727
TI  - Application of analytical and semi-preparative high-performance liquid
      chromatography to anthracyclines and bis-anthracycline derivatives.
AB  - Efficient high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods have been
      developed for routine analysis of a number of anthracycline derivatives using
      reversed-phase muBondapak C18 columns and an isocratic methanol-water-ammonium
      carbonate (or acetate) solvent system. The rates of formation of bis-daunomycin
      derivatives of alpha, omega-dicarboxylic acid hydrazides have been investigated
      using the analytical methods developed. It has been demonstrated that the
      reaction proceeds via an intermediate mono-hydrazone. Both the mono- and bis
      hydrazones have been isolated by preparative HPLC.

PMID- 6586728
TI  - Gas chromatographic determination of gemfibrozil and its metabolites in plasma
      and urine.

PMID- 6586729
TI  - Prostaglandin levels in cerebrospinal fluid from multiple sclerosis patients in
      remission and relapse.
AB  - Radioimmunoassay (RIA) techniques have been employed to determine prostaglandin
      (PG) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from multiple sclerosis (MS)
      patients in remission and relapse and in subjects with other neurological
      diseases (OND). PGE and PGF2 alpha concentrations in spinal fluid from MS
      patients in relapse were significantly lower than values estimated during
      remission and in individuals with OND of the central nervous system (CNS). These
      observations are discussed in relation to the clinical state of patients with
      demyelinating disease together with a consideration of the concept that
      disordered immune mechanisms contribute a central role in the pathogenesis of MS.

PMID- 6586730
TI  - And they don't blush.

PMID- 6586731
TI  - JCO/interviews Dr. Donald H. Enlow on craniofacial growth.

PMID- 6586732
TI  - The Vari-Simplex discipline. Part 4. Practice management.

PMID- 6586734
TI  - How do you rate in today's orthodontic practice?

PMID- 6586735
TI  - Class III index.

PMID- 6586733
TI  - Organization and strategy of a delegated case presentation.

PMID- 6586736
TI  - Clinical management of the Frankel FR II appliance.

PMID- 6586737
TI  - The Vari-Simplex discipline. Part 4. Countdown to retention.

PMID- 6586738
TI  - ANB at a glance.

PMID- 6586739
TI  - Orthodontic office design: creating a feeling of space... Part 1.

PMID- 6586740
TI  - A therapeutic method for selected TMJ dysfunction patients.

PMID- 6586741
TI  - Efficient ordering of expendable supplies.

PMID- 6586742
TI  - Effects of anteroposterior incisor repositioning on the root and cortical plate:
      a follow-up study.

PMID- 6586743
TI  - Modular 3D lingual appliances. Part 3. Palatal arch and sectional arch.

PMID- 6586744
TI  - Archwire auxiliary for patients with posterior bridges.

PMID- 6586745
TI  - The influence of three types of positioners on mandibular condyle relationships.

PMID- 6586746
TI  - Nasorespiratory function in individuals with vertical maxillary excess. Part 1.
      Measurement.

PMID- 6586747
TI  - Nasorespiratory function in individuals with vertical maxillary excess. Part 2.
      Differential diagnosis.

PMID- 6586748
TI  - Effective group communication.

PMID- 6586750
TI  - The assessment of bulimic symptoms and personality correlates in female college
      students.
AB  - A screening questionnaire for bulimic symptoms was completed by 244 college
      women. Approximately 79% reported binge eating (uncontrolled, excessive eating)
      occurrences. Twenty women (8.2% of the sample) reported self-induced vomiting
      after binge eating or "normal" meals. A subsample of 31 students were interviewed
      and administered the Restraint Scale, Compulsive Eating Scale, Beck Depression
      Inventory, Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, and The Tennessee Self
      Concept Scale. Results showed a number of significant differences among students
      who binged only (" bingers "), self-induced vomiting (" purgers "), or did not
      binge or purge ("controls"). Bingers and purgers showed greater restrained eating
      tendencies and compulsive eating behaviors. On the 16PF, purgers scored lower on
      Factor Q3, which suggests lowered will control and less regard for social
      demands. Purgers also showed lower self-esteem, particularly in the areas of
      identity and family self-concept.

PMID- 6586749
TI  - Emotional upsets in the orthodontic office.

PMID- 6586751
TI  - The State Board of Dental Examiners.

PMID- 6586752
TI  - The T.M.J. Center: filling a gap in chronic pain treatment.

PMID- 6586753
TI  - Vertebral abnormalities associated with synthetic retinoid use.
AB  - Frequent symptoms of back and neck stiffness led to a radiographic investigation
      of the vertebral spine in patients receiving synthetic retinoids, isotretinoin
      and etretinate. X-ray examination of fifty patients with various skin disorders
      who received retinoids for at least 2 years were compared with seventy-two age-
      and sex-matched untreated patients. Differences in frequencies of defined
      abnormalities, which included anterior spinal ligament calcification and presence
      of osteophyte at two or more vertebral levels in the absence of joint space
      narrowing, were determined for treated and untreated patients. When the entire
      group of treated patients was compared with the entire group of those untreated,
      no statistically significant differences were observed. When only patients with
      basal cell nevus syndrome ( BCNS ) or basal cell carcinoma (BCC) who had never
      received retinoid were compared with those who received isotretinoin, the
      frequency of the defined abnormalities was significantly higher in the treated
      group (P less than 0.01). This study suggests that the ingestion of isotretinoin
      at mean total dose of 150,060 mg for an average of 2.9 years is associated with a
      statistically significant increase in developing an associated ossifying
      diathesis in patients with BCNS or BCC, when compared with matched, untreated
      controls.

PMID- 6586754
TI  - The epidermal cholesterol sulfate cycle.

PMID- 6586755
TI  - Popliteus muscle as a barrier to tumor spread: computed tomography and
      angiography.
AB  - We reviewed 14 patients with primary bone tumors of the proximal tibia whose
      plain radiographs suggested possible posterior soft tissue extension. Four tumors
      extended posteriorly and displaced the major vessels on angiography. However,
      high resolution computed tomography (CT) showed the normal popliteus muscle lying
      between the tibia and the major vessels in three instances. When CT was
      equivocal, angiography in the lateral projection with the knee flexed was helpful
      for further evaluation.

PMID- 6586756
TI  - The number of dental anomalies found in a group of Thai children.

PMID- 6586757
TI  - [Clinical accuracy of an electrical device in determination of tooth length].

PMID- 6586758
TI  - [Histoplasmosis (case report)].

PMID- 6586759
TI  - [Nutritional deficiencies and associated oral manifestations].

PMID- 6586760
TI  - [Phosphates and dental caries].

PMID- 6586761
TI  - [The ABCs of healthy diet].

PMID- 6586762
TI  - [Diet after oral surgery].

PMID- 6586763
TI  - [Trace elements other than fluoride and dental caries].

PMID- 6586765
TI  - [Diet and new denture wearers].

PMID- 6586764
TI  - [Dietary habits in early childhood and the appearance of rampant caries].

PMID- 6586766
TI  - [Is there a place for nutrition in dental practice?].

PMID- 6586767
TI  - [Diet and occupational health: some avenues to explore].

PMID- 6586768
TI  - [Nutrition and aging].

PMID- 6586769
TI  - [Nutrition education in Quebec schools: O.P.L.Q. programs].

PMID- 6586770
TI  - [Dietetic intervention in some common diseases].

PMID- 6586771
TI  - [Implementing a Quebec policy regarding nutrition: interim report].

PMID- 6586772
TI  - [Sugar substitutes in the prevention of dental caries].

PMID- 6586773
TI  - [Nutrition and periodontic disease].

PMID- 6586774
TI  - Clinical caries trials. Proceedings of a conference at the American Dental
      Association, Chicago, Illinois, May 17-19, 1983.

PMID- 6586775
TI  - Ethical considerations and study design.

PMID- 6586776
TI  - The use of misclassification models in the evaluation of caries clinical trials.

PMID- 6586777
TI  - Management and evaluation of the effects of misclassification in a controlled
      clinical trial.

PMID- 6586778
TI  - Interim clinical evaluations in caries clinical trials.

PMID- 6586779
TI  - Improvement in selection of study participants.

PMID- 6586780
TI  - Use of supporting laboratory or clinical data in caries clinical trials.

PMID- 6586781
TI  - Analysis of covariance in dental caries clinical trials.

PMID- 6586782
TI  - Stratification methods in caries clinical trials.

PMID- 6586783
TI  - Specific non-parametric approaches to analyzing caries clinical trials.
AB  - The usual parametric procedures are valid for the analysis of most caries
      clinical trials. If the sample sizes are small, non-parametric procedures should
      probably be used, such as the Wilcoxon two-sample test or the Kruskal-Wallis
      test. The Wilcoxon test can be expressed in terms of the difference between one
      of the rank sums and its expected value. This difference is evaluated in terms of
      its standard deviation. The Wilcoxon test is extended to produce an overall test,
      which takes the stratification into account. The procedure accumulates the
      differences between the rank sum of one of the two treatments and its expected
      value, and the corresponding variances. The Kruskal-Wallis test can be expressed
      in an analysis-of-variance-like form. The test can also be expressed in terms of
      the differences between the observed and expected rank sums. To extend the test
      to two or more strata, we need the variance-covariance matrices of I - 1 of the
      rank sums. There is presently no test available for interaction. The expected
      values of the rank sums depend on the sample sizes, and these differ from stratum
      to stratum. The use of weights, to produce a common expected value for each
      stratum, may provide a test of interaction. This needs further exploration.

PMID- 6586784
TI  - A critical evaluation of some problems associated with clinical caries trials by
      computer simulation.
AB  - Unbiased examiners' errors have little effect on the outcome of a clinical trial,
      provided that they are not larger than 10%. Unbiased error greater than 10% would
      tend to make the variance larger than expected. Demonstration schemes as
      discussed in this paper may show spurious positive effects, due to attempts by
      examiners to avoid reversals in diagnosis. Professional intervention is mostly
      responsible for the SU component - the direct transition from sound surface to
      DMF. These surfaces are lost for reasons other than caries activities per se. It
      should not be included in the measure of caries experience in clinical trials.
      The component UU represents the surfaces that show incipient caries at two
      consecutive examinations. It represents mostly past history and has little
      bearing on current caries activities. Since the DMFS = IU + SU + UU, and the
      contributions of IU as a rule are small, the use of DMFS as a measure of caries
      experience in clinical trials is unjustified. The NCI = SI + IU deals directly
      with the stage where the cariostatic agent is supposed to be working. There is a
      definite advantage to using this index as the caries experience measure in
      clinical trials.

PMID- 6586785
TI  - Hypothesis testing vs. statistical estimation procedures in caries clinical
      trials.

PMID- 6586786
TI  - Development of an index for the prevalence of root caries.

PMID- 6586787
TI  - Use and misuse of computers in the design and analysis of dental clinical trials.

PMID- 6586788
TI  - The Stallions' dentist.

PMID- 6586789
TI  - Intraligamentary anesthesia.

PMID- 6586790
TI  - Medical history findings and their management implications.

PMID- 6586791
TI  - A person within a community of persons.

PMID- 6586792
TI  - Professional ethics in dental research.

PMID- 6586793
TI  - Our future is fantastic.

PMID- 6586794
TI  - Health care: changes, challenges.

PMID- 6586795
TI  - Maintaining realistic standards for admission to schools of dentistry--should we
      be concerned?

PMID- 6586796
TI  - In-course remedial system.

PMID- 6586797
TI  - Ethics in the practice of dentistry.

PMID- 6586798
TI  - Blueprint for future.

PMID- 6586799
TI  - Responses to future of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

PMID- 6586800
TI  - Effects of vasoconstrictors.

PMID- 6586801
TI  - Periodontal results.

PMID- 6586802
TI  - Suppression of postoperative pain by the combination of a nonsteroidal anti
      inflammatory drug, flurbiprofen, and a long-acting local anesthetic, etidocaine.
AB  - The analgesic efficacy of the combination of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
      drug, flurbiprofen, and a long-acting local anesthetic, etidocaine, was evaluated
      for the suppression of acute postoperative pain. Subjects having two impacted
      third molars removed at two appointments received either the experimental
      combination or standard treatment in a randomized, crossover design. The
      experimental treatment consisted of 100 mg flurbiprofen 30 minutes before
      surgery, 1.5% etidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine five minutes before surgery,
      and 100 mg flurbiprofen three hours after surgery. Standard treatment consisted
      of 10 mg oxycodone plus 650 mg acetaminophen 30 minutes before surgery, 2%
      lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine five minutes before surgery, and a second
      dose of the oxycodone-acetaminophen combination three hours after surgery. Pain
      intensity was rated hourly from one to seven hours after surgery, using a variety
      of ordinal and analog scales. The flurbiprofen-etidocaine combination resulted in
      significantly less postoperative pain than the oxycodone plus acetaminophen
      lidocaine combination on all four analgesic scales used and was preferred by the
      majority of the patients. This study shows that pretreatment with a nonsteroidal
      anti-inflammatory drug, flurbiprofen, in combination with a long-acting local
      analgesic, etidocaine, suppresses pain to a greater extent than a potent opiate
      mild/analgesic combination and lidocaine without an increase in side-effect
      liability.

PMID- 6586803
TI  - Serious inferior alveolar nerve dysesthesia after endodontic procedure: report of
      three cases.
AB  - We have presented three cases of anesthesia and painful dysesthesia that occurred
      after the Sargenti technique was used in endodontic treatment of mandibular
      molars. Microsurgical techniques were used to alleviate painful causalgia and to
      restore functional sensation to the lower lip. The third patient refused
      treatment.

PMID- 6586804
TI  - Desmoplastic fibroma of the maxilla: report of case.
AB  - Desmoplastic fibroma of the facial areas is a rarely occurring tumor.
      Characteristically, it is a benign, locally aggressive lesion. The treatment is
      surgical excision. The case presented is only the fourth one to be reported in
      the maxillary region.

PMID- 6586805
TI  - A possible allergic response to polyether impression material: a case report.
AB  - A case of an allergic reaction to an impression material ( Impregum ) is
      reported. Immunologic responses are discussed and special emphasis is given to
      the clinical application to similar cases involving hypersensitive patients.

PMID- 6586806
TI  - The validity of transcranial radiography in diagnosing TMJ anterior disk
      displacement.
AB  - Two transcranial radiographic methods for determining anterior disk displacement
      in the TMJ were evaluated in comparison with results obtained from arthrography.
      Both transcranial radiographic methods could only accurately predict the presence
      of an anteriorly displaced disk in a range of 26% to 56% of the time (for
      example, the methods gave false-negative results 44% to 74% of the time). The
      methods were more valuable in correctly identifying joints that were free of
      disease, achieving this identification anywhere from 64% to 96% of the time.
      Although noninvasive, these two transcranial radiographic techniques produced
      results that lacked validity and, therefore, remain of questionable value to the
      clinician who is diagnosing anterior disk displacement.

PMID- 6586807
TI  - Dental management of the chronic vomiting patient.
AB  - A review of dental erosion secondary to medical or psychologic causes (or both)
      has been presented. Clinical signs and symptoms and appropriate restorative
      therapy have been discussed. Diagnosis and stabilization of the chronic vomiting
      patient must precede definitive restorative procedures.

PMID- 6586808
TI  - Injectable debris associated with dental anesthetic delivery.
AB  - Injectable foreign matter may originate in part from: anesthetic cartridge
      diaphragm surfaces, diaphragm polymer materials, and debris in the lumen of
      sterile, manufacturer-sealed needles. Particles ranging from 30 to 305 microns
      were collected from four brands of dental anesthetic cartridges (320
      cartridges/brand). Results of this study suggest that rubber and aluminum debris
      may commonly be injected with anesthetic solutions. Debris on the outer surface
      of the needle may also be drawn into injection sites. Possible health
      implications of injectable matter are discussed and remain conjectural.

PMID- 6586809
TI  - Encysted parasitic larvae in the mouth.
AB  - Oral appearances of intestinal parasitic disease are rare. One such appearance is
      the presence in oral tissues of encysted or encapsulated larvae of organisms from
      the classes Cestoidea and Nematoda. Cestode larvae form cyst-like lesions that
      are often clinically diagnosed as mucoceles. In these lesions, the cyst cavity is
      lined by fibrous tissue with inflammatory cells, and contains fluid and the
      larval stage of a parasite. The diagnosis of these parasitic cysts is more
      frequently made in younger persons. The cysts may be treated by simple excision,
      but care must be taken that the cyst does not rupture, as in some parasites this
      may result in new cyst formation. Nematode infection in the oral cavity, the most
      common of which appears to be trichinosis, is rarely reported. Patients with oral
      or maxillofacial (or both) parasitic disease must undergo a thorough medical
      investigation to exclude possible life-threatening involvement in other parts of
      the body.

PMID- 6586810
TI  - Two fluid-filled gingival lesions in the mandibular canine-first premolar area.
AB  - The appearance of two gingival cysts in the area of the mandibular right canine
      and first premolar is reported in a 46-year-old black man (Fig 1) along with a
      single cyst in the same location in another patient (Fig 2, 3). Gingival cysts
      are compared with lateral periodontal cysts. The similarities in location,
      clinical behavior, morphologic appearance, and age of occurrence would indicate a
      strong relationship. The gingival cyst probably represents the extraosseous
      counterpart of the intraosseous lateral periodontal cyst. A distinction based on
      strict clinical, radiographic, and surgical criteria should be made between these
      cysts.

PMID- 6586811
TI  - Extended-wear contact lenses: what nurses should know.

PMID- 6586812
TI  - [Prevalence of malocclusion in school children and its changes with dentition
      development].

PMID- 6586813
TI  - [A case of bruxism with severe attrition and its prosthetic treatment with a CSC
      telescopic removable partial denture].

PMID- 6586814
TI  - Amino acid composition of salivary protein secreted by the submandibular glands
      of rats and mice in response to alpha-adrenergic drugs.

PMID- 6586816
TI  - A case of the accessory renal artery arising from the median sacral artery.

PMID- 6586815
TI  - [Presumed time of caries initiation in deciduous molars].

PMID- 6586817
TI  - [Clinical results of 3 teeth after periapical curettage: long-term observations].

PMID- 6586818
TI  - [Dinoprostone or sulprostone. Comparison of 2 analogs of prostaglandin for the
      interruption of pregnancy in the 2nd trimester].
AB  - We have reviewed a hundred terminations of pregnancy in the second trimester
      carried out in Geneva, using repeated intra-muscular injections of prostaglandin
      analogues. We have compared the efficacy and the importance of the side effects
      of two of these analogues, namely Dinoproston ( Prostin F2 alpha) and Sulproston
      ( Nalador 500). The induction-delivery interval was identically the same. On the
      other hand Sulproston provoked fewer cases of diarrhoea (18%) than Dinoproston
      (69%).

PMID- 6586819
TI  - Acute pancreatitis associated with bulimia.
AB  - Acute pancreatitis developed in an 18-year-old woman after multiple episodes of
      bulimia. The pancreatitis was severe and the patient developed a pseudocyst.
      Eating disorders may be associated with acute pancreatitis, and so we review the
      literature on this possibility.

PMID- 6586820
TI  - [Mechanism of penicillin-induced cell lysis of Staphylococcus aureus].

PMID- 6586821
TI  - [Mechanisms of mononuclear cell accumulation in the formation of apical lesions
      of root canal-infected teeth].

PMID- 6586822
TI  - [Studies on mandibular movement and masticatory function in patients with
      mandibulectomy].

PMID- 6586823
TI  - [Hydrophobic composite resins. 3: Water sorption and solubility].

PMID- 6586824
TI  - [Hydrophobic composite resins. 4: Change of surface roughness by water
      immersion].

PMID- 6586826
TI  - [A new caries activity test. III. Automatic evaluation of caries activity using a
      newly-developed instrument].

PMID- 6586825
TI  - [A study on the clinical evaluation of hypersensitive dentine].

PMID- 6586827
TI  - [Clinical effects of chlorhexidine paste using an applicator on periodontal
      disease. Comparison with the effects of a paste on the market].

PMID- 6586828
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy study on root surfaces of healthy teeth].

PMID- 6586829
TI  - [Functional analysis of intercellular communication of tissue and culture cells
      using tumor promoters].

PMID- 6586830
TI  - [A case of a geminated tooth in the incisor region of the mandible].

PMID- 6586831
TI  - [Problems in orthodontic treatment of unilateral cleft lip and palate].

PMID- 6586832
TI  - Expression of Ia antigens on macrophages is reduced after stimulation with
      homologous C3b.
AB  - The complement cleavage product C3b was examined for its ability to influence the
      expression of Ia antigens on macrophages. Monoclonal anti-Ia antibodies were
      applied for quantitation of Ia antigens by using FACS analysis. Albumin-elicited
      guinea pig peritoneal macrophages were cultured for 48 hr in the presence of C3b.
      C3b at final concentrations varying from 10 to 80 micrograms/ml reduced the
      proportion of Ia-positive macrophages from 87 to 25%. The C3b-stimulated loss of
      Ia antigens from the macrophage surface was mediated by metabolites of the
      cyclooxygenase pathway as shown by the inhibitory effect of indomethacin.
      Exposure of macrophages to C3b for 5 min was sufficient to induce Ia reduction,
      seen after subsequent 48-hr incubation. C3b generated in vivo in the course of
      inflammatory reactions might therefore influence the interaction of
      immunocompetent cells by modulating macrophage Ia expression.

PMID- 6586833
TI  - Antigenic analysis of hematopoiesis. III. A hematopoietic progenitor cell surface
      antigen defined by a monoclonal antibody raised against KG-1a cells.
AB  - The anti-My-10 mouse monoclonal antibody was raised against the immature human
      myeloid cell line KG-1a and was selected for nonreactivity with mature human
      granulocytes. Anti-My-10 immunoprecipitated a KG-1a cell surface protein with an
      apparent Mr of approximately 115 kD. We describe the binding of this antibody to
      human hematopoietic cell types and show that My-10 is expressed specifically on
      immature normal human marrow cells, including hematopoietic progenitor cells. My
      10 is also expressed by leukemic marrow cells from a subpopulation of patients.
      Thus, this antibody allows the identification and purification of hematopoietic
      progenitor cells from normal human marrow and the subclassification of leukemia.

PMID- 6586835
TI  - Case of the month. Verruciform xanthoma.

PMID- 6586834
TI  - Genetic polymorphism of the sixth component (C6) of rat complement.
AB  - The complement protein C6 has been shown to be genetically polymorphic in the
      rat. Isoelectric focusing of plasma samples from 19 inbred strains demonstrated
      two electrophoretically distinguishable migration patterns, each consisting of
      three bands. Breeding studies with the use of the BN and DA strains showed that
      the C6 patterns were inherited in a manner consistent with the co-dominant
      autosomal expression of two alleles (C6 A and C6 B). The distribution of the C6
      alleles in a backcross mating was compared with eight independently segregating
      marker genes: RT1.A, RT2, Gdc -1, Igk-1, Hbb, Svp-1, Fh-1, and Es-6. There was no
      detectable linkage between C6 and any of these eight loci.

PMID- 6586836
TI  - Interpret your x-rays. Alveolar fracture.

PMID- 6586837
TI  - Shovel-shaped deciduous incisors among the children of Gulbarga, Karnataka.

PMID- 6586838
TI  - Apexification--an evaluation with and without Ca(OH)2.

PMID- 6586839
TI  - Carticaine in dentistry.

PMID- 6586841
TI  - Case of the month. Swelling on the gingiva.

PMID- 6586840
TI  - Single sitting root canal treatment in posterior teeth with curved roots.

PMID- 6586842
TI  - Interpret your x-ray. Pain and mobility in the lower anterior teeth.

PMID- 6586843
TI  - Thermal stress--a causative factor for marginal failure.

PMID- 6586844
TI  - Ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly and retinitis pigmentosa--a new syndrome.

PMID- 6586845
TI  - Concomitant hypodontia and hyperdontia in some region and its management: case
      report.

PMID- 6586846
TI  - Sickle cell osteomyelitis of mandible.

PMID- 6586847
TI  - Candida in the oral cavity of diabetics & nondiabetics.

PMID- 6586848
TI  - Natal and neonatal teeth. Case report.

PMID- 6586850
TI  - ABC's periodontics. "E" is for the endodontic-periodontic lesion.

PMID- 6586851
TI  - Maxillary traumatic bone cyst: a case report.

PMID- 6586849
TI  - Too few patients--lack of busyness.

PMID- 6586852
TI  - An anterior cervical mass due to infection with absidia.
AB  - Absidiosis , diagnosed after biopsy of an anterior cervical mass, is described in
      a patient who was in remission from acute myeloid leukaemia.

PMID- 6586853
TI  - Group G streptococcal septicaemia: report of six cases.
AB  - The increased isolation of Group G streptococci from blood cultures in our
      laboratory is reported and the association between Group G streptococcal
      septicaemia and underlying malignancy is confirmed.

PMID- 6586854
TI  - Post eruptive maturation of immature young permanent enamel.

PMID- 6586855
TI  - Determination of tooth dimensions from study casts using an image analysis
      system.

PMID- 6586857
TI  - Congenitally missing teeth--a diagnostic feature in many syndromes of the head
      and neck.

PMID- 6586856
TI  - [Comparative study of the maturation of the upper and lower second molar
      according to the sex of the child].

PMID- 6586858
TI  - Genealogy and consequences of congenitally missing second premolars.

PMID- 6586860
TI  - Epidemiology of colitis induced by Clostridium difficile in hamsters: application
      of a bacteriophage and bacteriocin typing system.
AB  - The epidemiology of colitis induced by Clostridium difficile in hamsters was
      studied with a new bacteriophage and bacteriocin typing system. Fatal
      enterocolitis was induced by administration of N-formimidoyl thienamycin.
      Environmental cultures were obtained repeatedly throughout the experiments.
      Thirteen percent of 90 healthy hamsters were already colonized with C difficile
      on arrival from the supplier. Mortality from enterocolitis after antibiotic
      administration was 75% and was not diminished by use of a laminar-flow facility.
      The same uncommon bacteriocin type (83/1309/2329) of toxigenic C difficile that
      colonized hamsters on arrival was recovered from the cecal contents of all
      hamsters dying with enterocolitis and from most environmental isolates.
      Previously uncolonized , antibiotic-treated hamsters placed into cages where
      animals had died from enterocolitis also developed enterocolitis with the same
      bacteriocin type (83/1309/2329), an outcome suggesting acquisition of C difficile
      from the environment.

PMID- 6586859
TI  - Histologic changes in the skin of the rhino mouse (hrrhhrrh) induced by
      retinoids.
AB  - The effects of four retinoids, all-trans-retinoic acid (RA), 13-cis-retinoic acid
      (13-cis-RA), aromatic retinoid, and arotinoid ethyl ester ( arotinoid ) were
      examined on the skin of the rhino mouse. Rhino mouse skin is characterized by the
      presence of keratin-containing utricles attached to the epidermis, and
      subcutaneous cysts, both of which are derived from hair follicles. The utricles
      were examined in horizontal sheets of epidermis, and in vertical histologic
      sections. After applications of 0.1 ml of 0.1% RA, 0.1% 13-cis-RA, 0.1% aromatic
      retinoid, or 0.001% arotinoid in acetone to the dorsal skin for 5 days a week for
      2 weeks, there was a reduction of utricle diameter to 45%, 52%, 30%, and 31% of
      acetone-treated controls, respectively. Histologic examination of the epidermis
      revealed that a dose-dependent hyperplasia and thickening of the epidermis and
      the stratum granulosum was induced by the retinoids when given at subtoxic doses,
      being most marked after arotinoid or RA. The thickness of the walls of the
      utricles also increased with increasing dose of retinoid, paralleling the changes
      in the epidermis. After doses of 0.1% RA and 0.001% arotinoid , the utricles
      resembled the hair follicles of hairless mice. Hyperplasia of the epidermis
      appears to be a primary effect of retinoids or rhino mouse skin.
      Hyperproliferation of the utricle wall is accompanied by a reduction in the size
      of the utricle lumen, preceding eventual differentiation of the utricles to
      normal-looking pilar units.

PMID- 6586861
TI  - Understanding temporomandibular biomechanics.

PMID- 6586862
TI  - Temporomandibular joint arthrography.

PMID- 6586863
TI  - Determining masticatory muscle spasm and TMJ capsulitis.

PMID- 6586864
TI  - The relationship of TMJ dysfunction to pulse volume rate of the superficial
      temporal artery.

PMID- 6586865
TI  - Diagnosis and management of TMJ involvement in ankylosing spondylitis.

PMID- 6586866
TI  - Resilient acrylic as a retainer for occlusal splints.

PMID- 6586867
TI  - Cervical trauma as a factor in the development of TMJ dysfunction and facial
      pain.

PMID- 6586868
TI  - A combined tomographic-cephalometric analysis of the TMJ.

PMID- 6586869
TI  - The correlation between sagittal anatomic sections and computerized tomography of
      the TMJ.

PMID- 6586870
TI  - Evaluation of occlusal splint therapy.

PMID- 6586871
TI  - A functional jaw device to aid in treating anterior displaced discs.

PMID- 6586872
TI  - Biomechanical relationship of the cranial, cervical, and hyoid regions.

PMID- 6586874
TI  - The educated patient: informed consent.

PMID- 6586873
TI  - A residency for the study of TMJ dysfunction.

PMID- 6586875
TI  - Increasing the occlusal durability of TMJ appliances.

PMID- 6586877
TI  - Transcranial radiography: contours of the condyle and fossa of the TMJ.

PMID- 6586876
TI  - Computerized tomography with multiplanar reconstruction for examining the TMJ.

PMID- 6586878
TI  - The effects of maxillary MORA's on strength and muscle efficiency tests.

PMID- 6586879
TI  - The relationship of TMJ clicking to palpable facial pain.

PMID- 6586880
TI  - A proposed chronology of events for forward head posture.

PMID- 6586881
TI  - Alteration of vertical dimension in the treatment of craniomandibular disorders.

PMID- 6586883
TI  - [Anti-collagen antiserum-induced gingivitis in dogs].

PMID- 6586882
TI  - [Assessment of hydrogen ion concentration and oxygen tension in the human
      gingival sulci and periodontal pockets].

PMID- 6586884
TI  - [Bradykinin level in saliva from patients with periodontal disease].

PMID- 6586885
TI  - [Experimental marginal periodontitis in golden hamsters fed feces and sterilized
      feces].

PMID- 6586886
TI  - [Effects of experimental traumatic occlusion and coprophagia on the periodontal
      tissues of alloxan diabetic rats].

PMID- 6586888
TI  - [Cell attachment of cultured fibroblasts to the exposed root surfaces of
      periodontally involved teeth].

PMID- 6586887
TI  - [Studies on materials for root caries restoration--adherence of plaque bacteria
      on the materials' surface].

PMID- 6586889
TI  - [The effect of toothbrush management on plaque removal].

PMID- 6586890
TI  - [The effect of osteoclast-activating factor (OAF) on the absorption of alveolar
      bone. II. Participation of the monocyte to OAF-producing cells].

PMID- 6586891
TI  - [Reevaluation of the clinical parameters of experimental gingivitis in man].

PMID- 6586892
TI  - [Age-related changes of pyridinoline crosslink contents of collagen in alveolar
      bone].

PMID- 6586893
TI  - [Epidemiological study of periodontal disease on an island in the Nagasaki
      prefecture (I)].

PMID- 6586894
TI  - [The effect of chewing gum on halitosis using gas chromatography (II)].

PMID- 6586895
TI  - [Factors affecting plaque control records during active treatment].

PMID- 6586896
TI  - [Effect of chlorhexidine paste with applicator on periodontal disease].

PMID- 6586897
TI  - [The clinical effects of topical application of a topical anesthesia benzocaine
      (Hurricaine Gel and Liquid)].

PMID- 6586898
TI  - [Prevalence of juvenile periodontitis in 15-18-year-old students in Japan. I.
      Findings of the first and second screenings].

PMID- 6586899
TI  - [Prevalence of juvenile periodontitis in 15-18-year-old students in Japan. II.
      Findings of the final detailed examination].

PMID- 6586900
TI  - [Clinical use of Synthograft in vertical alveolar bone defects].

PMID- 6586902
TI  - [A double-blind test for a chlorhexidine gluconate-containing tooth paste (LS-5)
      in periodontal disease].

PMID- 6586901
TI  - [A replica technic for scanning electron microscopy. Study of exposed root
      surface morphology].

PMID- 6586903
TI  - [The roentgenocephalometric study on the relapse behavior of overjet and overbite
      and its factors].

PMID- 6586904
TI  - [The use of the personal (micro) computer in orthodontic practice].

PMID- 6586905
TI  - [Discourse on natural or nature-made occlusion and its artificial correction].

PMID- 6586906
TI  - [Influence of orthodontic banding on microbiota of tooth surface].

PMID- 6586907
TI  - [Anchorage stability of the Nance holding arch during maxillary cuspid
      retraction].

PMID- 6586908
TI  - [Studies on automatic analysis of roentgenographic cephalograms by digital image
      processing].

PMID- 6586909
TI  - [Effect of orthognathic surgery on skeletal mandibular prognathism. Changes of
      the tissue profile, pharyngeal airway and hyoid position].

PMID- 6586910
TI  - [Considerations on orthodontic intervention for cleft lip and palate patients.
      II. From mixed dentition to permanent dentition].

PMID- 6586911
TI  - [Counterbalancing auxiliaries for bite opening and lingual movement of the
      anterior teeth].

PMID- 6586912
TI  - [A morphological study of the deciduous reversed bite. A longitudinal observation
      until the Hellman IIIA stage].

PMID- 6586914
TI  - [Surgical-orthodontic treatment of cases of severe mandibular protrusion.
      Comparison of various plans of orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6586913
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment of a case of cleidocranial dysostosis].

PMID- 6586915
TI  - [Statistics in orthodontics: its use and fallacy (2)].

PMID- 6586916
TI  - [Mechanical study on initial changes during canine retraction].

PMID- 6586917
TI  - [The application of the occlusogram in Japanese. A drawing of the ideal maxillary
      arch].

PMID- 6586918
TI  - [Individual late adolescent growth of untreated skeletal Class III facies in
      Japanese girls].

PMID- 6586919
TI  - [Orthodontic studies on super elastic NiTi wire. 1. Mechanical properties].

PMID- 6586920
TI  - [Prediction of mandibular position following correction of anterior crossbite.
      Hinge axis and mandibular shift].

PMID- 6586921
TI  - [The second premolar extraction case in the Begg technic].

PMID- 6586922
TI  - [Histological studies of the effect of intra-operative irradiation on
      osteosarcoma].
AB  - At the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Kyoto University Hospital, intra
      operative radiotherapy by the high dose electron irradiation has so far been used
      in treating patients with osteosarcoma. The dose distribution was calculated by
      CT-number so that the focus was subject to at least 80% of the irradiation doses
      and the surgically opened lesion was irradiated with 5,000 rad of 12-26 MeV
      electron beams. In order to accurately assess its therapeutic effect,
      histological studies were conducted on 9 patients who underwent en bloc resection
      or amputation following irradiation treatment for osteosarcoma. Method The
      excised specimen was sagittally cut in half and was fixed in 10% neutral buffered
      formalin. The specimen was cut into 5 mm thick sections corresponding to CT cross
      sections. At the border region between irradiated and non-irradiated fields,
      specimens were prepared using sagittal sections to compare the histological
      findings of both fields. After all specimens were carefully macroscopically
      examined and then photographed with soft-X-ray film, some of them were prepared
      as non- delimed specimens in polyester resin and were observed by contact
      microradiography and fluorescent microscopy. The remaining specimens after
      deliming in Plank - Rychlo solution were sliced to 4-8 micron thick for study as
      large specimen stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Four patients had been
      administered tetracycline 3 days preoperatively. Results Histologically the
      changes of the specimens were evaluated using the Oohoshi and Shimosato 's
      criteria for the histological effects of irradiation. In two of the 9 patients,
      who had received unidirectional irradiation, the survival of Grade 2a-2b tumor
      tissue was observed in the superficial layers both inside and outside the
      periosteum. Six patients who were irradiated from both sides or three directions,
      showed complete necrosis in extremely small areas of Grade 2b-3 change of tumor
      cells. Only one of these 9 patients had a local recurrence after the irradiation.
      Marked fluorescence was observed in the recurrent tissue by tetracycline
      labeling, but no fluorescence was observed in any of the other cases in the
      tumorous tissues which had fallen within the range of irradiation. These findings
      strongly suggest that intra-operative irradiation is extremely effective in
      controlling local osteosarcoma lesion in the extremities.

PMID- 6586923
TI  - A study of the acid phosphatase in the cells of bone and soft parts tumors, and
      of other tumorous conditions.
AB  - The acid phosphatase in the cells of bone and soft parts tumors, and of other
      tumorous conditions in our Department of Orthopedic Surgery in Kumamoto
      University Medical School from mid-1979 through mid-1983 were analysed by light
      microscopic and electron microscopic histochemical studies and their inhibition
      studies. The histochemical and their inhibiting studies of acid phosphatase by
      azo dye method in the cells of bone and soft parts tumors and of other tumorous
      conditions were undertaken in order to characterize them with a view to providing
      helpful diagnostic features. The acid phosphatase in some giant cells and tumor
      cells of several kinds of tumors, whose reaction against inhibitors was different
      from that of lysosomal acid phosphatase, was observed. In the giant cells of
      giant cell tumor of bone, acid-para-nitrophenyl phosphatase was demonstrated by
      the method of Miyayama , et al. using sodium-para-nitrophenyl phosphate as a
      substrate. In addition, the fine structural localization of acid phosphatase in
      giant cell tumor of bone was studied by Gomori's method and by the method of
      Miyayama , et al. By Gomori's method, acid phosphatase activity was demonstrated
      in lysosome, secondary lysosome-like organelles and the digestive vacuoles in the
      giant cells. In the stromal cells, that activity was demonstrated in lysosomes.
      By the method of Miyayama , et al., acid para-nitrophenyl phosphatase was
      demonstrated in the Golgi complex and the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic
      reticulum in the giant cell. Therefore, in the giant cells and the tumor cells of
      some kinds of tumors, non-lysosomal acid phosphatase besides lysosomal acid
      phosphatase was recognized. The demonstration of non-lysosomal acid phosphatase
      was a useful tool for the differential diagnosis of tumors and tumorous
      conditions in bone and soft parts.

PMID- 6586924
TI  - [Medical treatment in borderline between life and death].

PMID- 6586926
TI  - [Oro-antral fistula].

PMID- 6586925
TI  - The many faces of mono.

PMID- 6586927
TI  - [Subgingival curettage. New concepts of subgingival curettage].

PMID- 6586928
TI  - [Clinical studies of impacted tooth].

PMID- 6586929
TI  - [A case of neurilemmoma of the tongue].

PMID- 6586930
TI  - [Mandibular movements and occlusal morphology].

PMID- 6586931
TI  - [Functional jaw orthopedics].

PMID- 6586932
TI  - [Orthodontic differential diagnosis of premolar extraction versus maxillary
      second molar extraction treatment].

PMID- 6586933
TI  - [The oral hygiene status of residents of large cities and rural area].

PMID- 6586935
TI  - [The prevalence of malocclusion in Korean school children].

PMID- 6586934
TI  - [The effect on dental plaque and gingivitis of dentifrices containing allantoin,
      guaiazulene, and urea].

PMID- 6586936
TI  - [Study on wound healing of fractured mandible with cut or microvascular
      rehabilitation of the right external carotid artery].

PMID- 6586937
TI  - [Experimental study on oral surgical stress in adrenalectomized & corticosteroid
      hormone-treated rats].

PMID- 6586938
TI  - [Clinical and statistical study of jaw deformities].

PMID- 6586940
TI  - A case of non-malingering.

PMID- 6586939
TI  - [Case report of root resection and hemisection].

PMID- 6586942
TI  - Inefficient in vivo neutrophil migration in neonatal rats.
AB  - While neutrophils from neonates respond less efficiently in vitro to a
      chemotactic stimulus than do adult cells, the in vivo recruitment of phagocytic
      cells to focal sites of inflammation in some situations appears to be similar in
      adults and neonates. To resolve this apparent discrepancy between the in vitro
      and in vivo observations, neonatal and adult rats were inoculated
      intraperitoneally with a variety of chemotactic agents. The neutrophil response
      was far more intense in adults than in neonates, strengthening the hypothesis
      that chemotaxis is less efficient in neonates than in adults. This relative
      deficiency may play an important role in the inability of the newborn to deal
      with infection effectively.

PMID- 6586941
TI  - In situ proliferation of intratumor macrophages.
AB  - This investigation was carried out to assess whether the progressive increase in
      the number of macrophages associated with growing tumors was the result of an
      influx of monocytes from the circulation as well as proliferation of macrophages
      in situ. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) were identified in cell suspensions
      prepared from three C57BL/6J (B6), methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas,
      designated MCA/76-9, 76-64, and 77-23, growing in normal or irradiated mice. When
      the sarcomas were implanted in B6 mice exposed to a sublethal dose (800 R) of
      whole body irradiation ( WBI ), tumors grew very slowly compared with control
      tumors. The TAM numbers were small and the percentages of macrophages were very
      low. The levels of TAM corresponded with the low number of circulating blood
      monocytes. However, compared with the number of TAM in the initial inoculum of
      tumor cells injected into the WBI or control mice, the TAM numbers over a period
      of 14 days increased several fold in WBI mice. That this increase was initially
      due to infiltration from the circulation was shown by injecting macrophage-free,
      cultured tumor cells into WBI or control mice. Proliferation in situ was
      demonstrated by autoradiography experiments. When 3H-thymidine was injected 1 hr
      before excision of MCA/76-9 tumors, labeled cells were seen in histological
      sections and in cell suspensions. The labeling indices for TAM from tumors
      growing in WBI or normal mice were not significantly different from tumor cell
      labeling indices. The overall data indicated that the progressive increase in TAM
      in these sarcomas was the combined result of monocyte infiltration and
      proliferation of macrophages in situ.

PMID- 6586943
TI  - Enhanced phagocytic activity of blood leukocytes in athymic nude mice.
AB  - After 30-min incubation, blood leukocytes of adult athymic BALB/c nude mice
      (nu/nu) have a distinctly higher methacrylate or yeast particle uptake than
      leukocytes of euthymic nu/+ or +/+ mice. This permanent enhancement is not due to
      humoral factors, since the percentage of phagocytosing nu/nu leukocytes increases
      further in nu/+ littermate's plasma. Also, chronic infection or intraperitoneal
      immunization causes an additional transitory increase of the percentage of
      phagocytosing leukocytes and numbers of particles ingested; the phagocytic
      performance of leukocytes of euthymic mice is raised under these conditions by a
      greater factor. In fetuses enhanced phagocytosis of nu/nu mice is found only in
      monocytes. The bulk of ingestion of methacrylate particles is mediated by Fc
      receptors and significantly more receptors for IgG2B, IgG1, and IgG2A are
      demonstrable on nu/nu neutrophils; ingestion of particles via these receptors is
      again higher in nu/nu neutrophils, whereas nu/nu monocytes display a higher
      uptake via Fc(IgG1) receptors.

PMID- 6586944
TI  - Bile salt sulfotransferase: alterations during maturation and non-inducibility
      during substrate ingestion.
AB  - Development of the capacity for hepatic biotransformation of potentially toxic,
      endogenous compounds such as lithocholate may be dependent on induction by
      substrate or hormonal modulation. Our aim was to observe the ontogeny of hepatic
      sulfotransferase (ST) activity, a presumed detoxification pathway, and to
      determine the effect of substrate ingestion and cortisone administration on ST
      activity. Pregnant rats were fed a standard chow diet containing lithocholate;
      the maternal diet was continued during the suckling and weaning phase of the
      pups. Liver cytosol and serum were obtained from dams and from pups at weekly
      intervals from fetal life through 4 weeks of age. In controls, there was a
      progressive increase in hepatic ST activity from 6.2 +/- 2.9 pmol/mg protein per
      min, (mean +/- SEM) in fetal liver, 18.1 +/- 3.9 at 1 week, an 33.6 +/- 7.2 at 2
      weeks to a peak of 56.4 +/- 11.8 at 3 weeks of age. In female rats older than 4
      weeks of age, ST activity in hepatic cytosol was threefold higher than in males.
      There was a decline to adult levels (9.2 +/- 2.4 in males and 39.4 +/- 4.3 in
      females) at 56 days of life. Cortisone acetate administration had no effect on
      enzyme activity in pups except those 3 weeks old or older in which there was a
      precocious decrease in enzyme activity to adult levels. The administration of
      lithocholate caused a dose-related postnatal alteration of intrahepatic bile
      ducts manifest as cholangitis with ductular proliferation; hepatocytes were
      spared.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6586945
TI  - Life study of a patient with temporomandibular joint pain. Seven year clinical
      treatment and observation.

PMID- 6586946
TI  - Lateral periodontal cyst: a case report.

PMID- 6586947
TI  - Fluoridation--where we stand in Maryland.

PMID- 6586949
TI  - The intra-oral radiographic technique. A reappraisal.

PMID- 6586948
TI  - Surgical and orthodontic procedures to reposition a horizontal impaction: report
      of a case.

PMID- 6586950
TI  - Erosive lichen planus. A case report.

PMID- 6586951
TI  - A study of dental manpower in Massachusetts--1980.

PMID- 6586952
TI  - Attitudes toward dental health and utilization of dental services by
      Massachusetts consumers.

PMID- 6586953
TI  - Dental issues in Massachusetts.

PMID- 6586954
TI  - A clinico-pathologic conference. Bilateral lesions on the posterior lateral
      border of the tongue.

PMID- 6586955
TI  - A quantitative relationship between conceptus number and ovarian steroid
      dehydrogenase activity in pregnant rats.
AB  - The effects of a conceptus-derived substance on the activity of 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD) and 20 alpha-HSD in the ovary were
      studied in the rat. On day 7 of pregnancy (day 1 = insemination), rats were
      laparotomized and the desired number of conceptuses was aspirated from the
      uterus; thus, rats carrying one, two, three, four, five to seven or eight to ten
      conceptuses were prepared. They were autopsied on day 15 and 3 beta-HSD and 20
      alpha-HSD activity in the corpus luteum (CL) or non-luteal ovarian tissue ( NLO )
      was determined. Conceptus number was directly related to 3 beta-HSD and inversely
      related to 20 alpha-HSD activity in the CL. The serum progesterone level and CL
      weight were also directly related to conceptus number. Neither 3 beta-HSD nor 20
      alpha-HSD activity in the NLO was affected by conceptus number. These results
      indicated that 3 beta-HSD and 20 alpha-HSD in the CL are probably regulated by
      placental hormone secreted in proportion to the number of conceptuses; in the NLO
      these enzymes may be controlled by a different mechanism.

PMID- 6586956
TI  - Root canal instrumentation with Unitek and K-Flex files.

PMID- 6586957
TI  - A comparative study of the wound healing of three types of flap design used in
      periapical surgery.

PMID- 6586958
TI  - Extensive periapical lesion with inconsistent radiographic findings.

PMID- 6586959
TI  - Human pulp's electrical responsiveness in Hodgkin's disease patients who are
      undergoing chemotherapy.

PMID- 6586960
TI  - The effect of occlusal reduction after canal preparation on patient comfort.

PMID- 6586961
TI  - File damage during root canal preparation.

PMID- 6586962
TI  - The histopathogenesis of vertical root fractures.

PMID- 6586963
TI  - The use of a chloroform-softened Gutta-percha master cone and its effect on the
      apical seal.

PMID- 6586964
TI  - Periapical response to apical plugs of dentin and calcium hydroxide in ferret
      canines.

PMID- 6586965
TI  - A surgical bony defect: the "Sunburst," a possible mistaken identity.

PMID- 6586966
TI  - Acute exacerbations following initial treatment of necrotic pulps.

PMID- 6586967
TI  - Rubber dam application to crownless and cone-shaped teeth.

PMID- 6586968
TI  - Microscopic examination of oral sinus tracts and their associated periapical
      lesions.

PMID- 6586969
TI  - Effects of pH on microbial flora of necrotic root canals.

PMID- 6586970
TI  - A five-canal maxillary first molar.

PMID- 6586971
TI  - A comparative study of the Gow-Gates technique and a standard technique for
      mandibular anesthesia.

PMID- 6586972
TI  - Evaluation of the accuracy of the Neosono-D electronic apex locator.

PMID- 6586973
TI  - Canal orifice enlargement as related to biomechanical preparation.

PMID- 6586974
TI  - The route of periodontal ligament injection of local anesthetic solution.

PMID- 6586976
TI  - Removal of pulp tissue with the rat tail file.

PMID- 6586975
TI  - Mechanical effectiveness of root canal irrigation.

PMID- 6586977
TI  - Corrosion of endodontic implant stabilizers: report of two cases using the
      scanning electron microscope and the electron microprobe.

PMID- 6586978
TI  - A case of talon cusp associated with other odontogenic abnormalities.

PMID- 6586979
TI  - Periapical surgery of mandibular posterior teeth: anatomical and surgical
      considerations.

PMID- 6586980
TI  - Reading the radiograph: a comparison of viewing techniques.

PMID- 6586981
TI  - A preclinical Dentec for teaching endodontic procedures.

PMID- 6586982
TI  - Retinotectal pathways in rodents: particularly from the retinal ganglion cells to
      the inferior colliculus.

PMID- 6586983
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic observation on renal pelvis and papilla in
      experimental hydronephrosis].

PMID- 6586984
TI  - [Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome: clinical manifestations in Chinese patients].

PMID- 6586985
TI  - Nemaline myopathy--case report.

PMID- 6586987
TI  - Antibacterial activity of cephem antibiotics against common clinical isolates.
      II. Enterobacteriaceae.

PMID- 6586986
TI  - Selective antagonism by uranyl nitrate against Formosan krait venom. Part III.
      Mechanism of action of uranyl nitrate.

PMID- 6586988
TI  - The estrogen receptor and the progesterone receptor in Chinese breast cancer.

PMID- 6586989
TI  - [Cutaneous mastocytosis: a clinical, histopathological and electronmicroscopic
      study].

PMID- 6586990
TI  - Participation of nodoventricular bypass tract in tachycardia.

PMID- 6586991
TI  - The role of autonomic chronotropic influences in patients with the sick sinus
      syndrome.

PMID- 6586992
TI  - Folliculogenesis in the thyroid gland of hypomyelinated jimpy mice.

PMID- 6586993
TI  - Treatment of giant cell tumor of bone by curettage and polymethylmethacrylate
      cementation.

PMID- 6586994
TI  - Studies on serum barbiturate levels of acute intoxication.

PMID- 6586995
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) produced by somatic
      cell hybrids.

PMID- 6586996
TI  - Clinical and etiological studies of acute viral hepatitis in Taiwan.

PMID- 6586997
TI  - Treadmill exercise testing in patients with significant coronary artery disease.

PMID- 6586999
TI  - [Cardiopulmonary functions during maximal exercise in young Chinese athletes and
      non-athletes].

PMID- 6586998
TI  - Measuring the inflated intracuff pressure of an intubation tube--reappraisal of
      the method.

PMID- 6587000
TI  - The treatment of leg varicose veins with hypertonic saline--heparin injections.

PMID- 6587001
TI  - Primary malignant lymphoma of the brain--report of 2 cases.

PMID- 6587003
TI  - The effect of D2O on the growth and transforming activities of Streptococcus
      pneumoniae.
AB  - After an initial period of growth in medium made up in D2O, most strains of
      pneumococcus tested dramatically lost viability, the extent of the loss depending
      on the strain and on the amount of contaminating H2O in the D2O. This was
      followed by a recovery period. Once a strain was 'adapted', the ability to grow
      in D2O-medium without cell death was inherited, even after passage through H2O
      medium, indicating the selection of mutants. Cultures that had not reached 'full
      adaptation' also exhibited cell death if transferred into either D2O-medium or
      H2O-medium, supporting the conclusion that the presence of hydrogen and deuterium
      together caused the toxicity. 'Adapted' cells exhibited an increased mutation
      frequency to a variety of antibiotic resistances, the propensity for this
      appearing in the death phase of 'adaptation'. The specific transforming activity
      of DNA preparations from cultures undergoing 'adaptation' decreased before DNA
      synthesis ceased indicating damage to the DNA. The integration efficiency of a
      low-efficiency marker also dropped during 'adaptation' before returning to the
      initial value when measured in a Hex- recipient, but remained constant in a Hex+
      recipient, suggesting that the Hex system may be involved in repair of the DNA
      damage. 'Adapted' organisms showed evidence of possessing higher Hex activity and
      were also able to repair lesions caused by UV-irradiation better than the wild
      type.

PMID- 6587002
TI  - [Central hemangioma of the mandible--report of a juvenile case].

PMID- 6587005
TI  - Segment analysis simplified for practical dental application.

PMID- 6587004
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 excretion in spinal cord injury patients.
AB  - Hyponatremia has proven to be a common finding in spinal cord injured (SCI)
      patients. Mechanisms exist whereby SCI patients with either normal or impaired
      renal function may develop it. One such mechanism may be an impairment in
      prostaglandin (PGE2) excretion resulting in unopposed activity of antidiuretic
      hormone (ADH). Paired 24-hour urine collections for PGE2 were collected from SCI
      patients with varying degrees of renal dysfunction. There was a wide interpatient
      variability in the excretion of PGE2, with no significant correlation of PGE2
      excretion in respect to either urine volume, urine sodium concentration, or the
      degree of renal dysfunction.

PMID- 6587006
TI  - Evaluation of an ultrasonically-welded pre-dosed amalgam capsule for mercury
      leakage during trituration.

PMID- 6587007
TI  - Business backgrounds and accounting practices of Midwestern dentists.

PMID- 6587008
TI  - Low platelet monoamine oxidase activity in headache: no correlation with
      phenolsulphotransferase, succinate dehydrogenase, platelet preparation method or
      smoking.
AB  - Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in male migrainous and cluster headache
      patients was significantly lower than in male controls, confirming our previous
      study. The activity range showed a normal distribution and low mean values could
      not be attributed to a subgroup with particularly low activity. When Corash 's
      platelet preparation method was used, with its high platelet yield, specific
      enzyme activities of a similar order were obtained. Thus, the low values
      encountered were not due to abnormal recovery within the platelet population. Two
      other enzyme activities, phenolsulphotransferase M and succinate dehydrogenase,
      were also measured in the same platelet samples. Although low succinate
      dehydrogenase activity was identified in the headache groups, it appeared to
      represent a separate phenomenon and there was no significant correlation between
      activity of either enzyme and that of monoamine oxidase. This shows that the low
      activity of platelet monoamine oxidase in headache is not related to a
      generalised platelet enzyme deficit. It was also shown that the low monoamine
      oxidase activity in the headache patients could not be attributed to smoking.

PMID- 6587010
TI  - Mesomelic dwarfism, skeletal abnormalities, and ectodermal dysplasia.

PMID- 6587009
TI  - Demonstration of HLA-DR antigens in normal human brain.

PMID- 6587011
TI  - Short-limbed dwarfism, subluxation of the knees, hypogenitalism, and dysmorphic
      facies: a new syndrome?

PMID- 6587012
TI  - A photographic study: the natural history of Prader-Willi syndrome.

PMID- 6587013
TI  - Autosomal dominant blepharophimosis with multiple congenital anomalies.

PMID- 6587014
TI  - Sensorineural hearing loss, small facial features, submucous cleft palate, and
      myoclonic seizures.

PMID- 6587015
TI  - Treatment of meningeal relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. I.
      Results of craniospinal irradiation.
AB  - Fourteen children were treated for isolated meningeal relapse occurring seven to
      44 months (median, 14 months) after prophylactic cranial irradiation (2,400
      rad/12 fractions) and intrathecal methotrexate (IT MTX, 12 mg/m2 for four doses
      during cranial irradiation). Eight had "high-risk" acute lymphocytic leukemia
      with age less than 2 years, white blood cell counts greater than 20,000, or T
      cell markers. Treatment for central nervous system leukemia included IT MTX (12
      mg/m2 twice weekly until clearance of spinal fluid cytology) followed by
      craniospinal irradiation (CSI, 3,000 rad/20 fractions to the cranium and 1,800
      rad/12 fractions to the spine). No maintenance IT MTX was given. Systemic
      chemotherapy was continued or reinstituted for a minimum of one year after CSI.
      No instance of second meningeal relapse has occurred. Five patients remain in
      secondary complete remission 66+, 54+, 36+, 26+, and 24+ months after meningeal
      relapse. Disease-free survival was limited by marrow relapse in eight patients (2
      20 months after CSI) and testicular relapse in one. No acute toxicities were
      noted with CSI. Myelosuppression occurred in seven patients. Infections within
      two months of CSI were noted in five. No neurologic sequelae are apparent. Serial
      neuropsychometric studies in 10 patients revealed a significant decline in mean
      values on Global IQ scales. Long-term survival with acceptable toxicity is
      possible following aggressive, prompt treatment of meningeal relapse occurring
      after prophylactic cranial irradiation. Hematologic relapse remains the major
      obstacle to long-term disease-free survival.

PMID- 6587016
TI  - Prognostic significance of complete surgical resection of pulmonary metastases in
      patients with osteogenic sarcoma: analysis of 32 patients.
AB  - Between 1972 and 1981, 93 patients with extremity osteogenic sarcoma without
      detectable metastatic disease were treated with surgery and adjuvant
      chemotherapy. Fifty-two patients remain continuously free of disease. Thirty-two
      of the 41 patients who relapsed had pulmonary metastases only and 26 underwent
      thoracotomy to remove all metastatic disease. Complete resection was possible in
      11 of 26 patients as defined by the removal of all macroscopic disease, no
      microscopic disease at resection margins, and no histologic evidence of pleural
      disruption by tumor. Nine of 11 patients are currently free of disease with a
      median duration of most recent remission of 42 months (range, 3-72 months). Four
      of these nine patients have had only one relapse. Only two of 15 patients with
      incomplete resection of metastatic disease defined by the above criteria are
      currently free of disease for 57 and 101 months. A significant difference in
      survival from initial relapse for patients made surgically free of disease using
      this stringent criteria was observed even when the result is stratified for time
      to first relapse and number of pulmonary nodules (p = 0.005). A subgroup of
      patients within the group undergoing thoracotomies who can be expected to have an
      improved survival has been defined.

PMID- 6587017
TI  - Endomyocardial biopsy to monitor anthracycline therapy in children.
AB  - Evaluation of the ultrastructure of material obtained by endomyocardial biopsy
      has been proposed as a means to evaluate patients for impending anthracycline
      cardiotoxicity. Eighteen biopsies obtained from 13 patients (age, 3-18 years) are
      reported. Twelve biopsy procedures were done to evaluate the cardiac status on
      reaching a cumulative dose of 400 mg/m2 and three patients had six subsequent
      biopsies after having received significantly more drug or receiving radiation
      therapy to the lungs or mediastinum. Scores were assigned to the tissue obtained
      and used to guide the decision to continue or stop anthracycline therapy. Three
      patients with abnormal cardiac studies at low cumulative doses, five of whom had
      received greater than 400 mg/m2 and three of whom had received considerably
      higher doses and thoracic irradiation were given more drug without incident. Two
      specimens were interpreted to indicate avoidance of further anthracycline and two
      patients were cautiously given more despite evidence of mild myocardial damage.
      These results indicate that endomyocardial biopsies can be performed on a
      pediatric population with a reasonable complication rate. Further studies should
      be undertaken to evaluate its usefulness as a means to predict and avoid
      anthracycline cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 6587018
TI  - Abnormalities of chromosome 16 in association with acute myelomonocytic leukemia
      and dysplastic bone marrow eosinophils.
AB  - Six patients with M4 acute myelomonocytic leukemia ( AMMoL ) were identified who
      had abnormalities of chromosome 16 in bone marrow cells. Five had a pericentric
      inversion, inv(16)( p13q22 ), and a sixth patient had a translocation,
      t(16;16)(p13.1;q22). Each of these six patients had bone marrow eosinophils that
      were abnormal in morphology on light and/or electron microscopy and by
      cytochemical stains. The eosinophils constituted 1%-24% of nucleated marrow
      cells. Of 61 acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) patients, all those with AMMoL
      and abnormal bone marrow eosinophils had an inv(16) or a t(16;16). One other
      patient in this group had a rearrangement of chromosome 16 (with a break in the
      short arm at band p13); however, the ANLL type was M1 and no abnormal eosinophils
      were present. Four patients with ANLL types other than M4 had an increase in
      marrow eosinophils; three in whom the eosinophils appeared normal and one with
      ANLL-M2 and bizarre eosinophils morphologically distinct from those seen in AMMoL
      . Chromosome pair 16 was normal in the latter four patients. AMMoL with
      dysplastic bone marrow eosinophils appears to represent a unique
      clinicopathologic entity associated with several related abnormalities affecting
      16q . The morphologic features of both blasts and eosinophils may be more
      important than the absolute number of eosinophils in the marrow in identifying
      this group of patients. This may have prognostic importance as five of six
      patients achieved complete remission with standard antileukemic therapy and are
      still alive.

PMID- 6587019
TI  - A guide to marketing your practice.

PMID- 6587020
TI  - Improving communication in the dental office.

PMID- 6587021
TI  - Burnout: signs, symptoms, causes, and cures.

PMID- 6587022
TI  - Creative use of life insurance today. I. Implication of tax law changes on estate
      planning.

PMID- 6587023
TI  - Factors influencing mode of dental practice. II. Current perspectives.

PMID- 6587024
TI  - Analyzing the financial aspects of associateship agreements.

PMID- 6587025
TI  - The business plan. Barometer of success.

PMID- 6587026
TI  - Career patterns of female and male dentists.

PMID- 6587027
TI  - Pulmonary gallium-67 uptake in amiodarone pneumonitis.
AB  - Three patients are presented suffering from interstitial pneumonitis caused by
      amiodarone. Pulmonary Ga-67 uptake occurred in all three. There appeared to be a
      discrepancy between the scintigraphic and radiographic findings in two patients.
      Gallium-67 lung scintigraphy may offer an early, sensitive indicator for
      amiodarone pneumonitis.

PMID- 6587028
TI  - The spectrum of gallium-67 renal activity in patients with no evidence of renal
      disease.
AB  - Thirty-seven gallium-67 images were reviewed retrospectively to determine
      relative renal gallium activity ( RGA ) in patients with no evidence of renal
      disease. Twenty-four patients were classified as having no evidence of renal
      disease (NRD). RGA was identified in 50.0% (12/24) of patients in the NRD group.
      We conclude that the presence of RGA neither suggests nor rules out renal
      disease. Altered nonrenal biological factors (such as saturation of iron-binding
      capacity) may decrease soft-tissue gallium accumulation while activity in the
      kidney remains unchanged. The latter provides renal images with better signal-to
      noise ratio. Current imaging equipment may allow renal visualization in these
      patients.

PMID- 6587029
TI  - Different actions of deferoxamine and iron on Ga-67 abscess detection in rats.
AB  - The contrast-enhancing properties of iron (Fe) and deferoxamine (DFO) in abscess
      imaging with Ga-67 citrate were compared in rats bearing turpentine-induced
      abscesses. Iron administration shifted Ga-67 from plasma into tissues such as
      muscle and fat. As a result, the abscess-to-plasma ratio increased whereas the
      abscess-to-muscle ratio decreased. DFO enhanced the abscess-to-muscle and abscess
      to-plasma ratios by increasing urinary Ga-67 excretion. In contrast to Fe, DFO
      removed abscess-bound Ga-67, thus representing a disadvantage of DFO compared
      with Fe. As a result, the abscess-to-plasma ratio was more effectively enhanced
      by Fe than by DFO. We conclude that abscess imaging with Ga-67 citrate may be
      improved by administration of Fe for detection of abscesses masked by blood
      activity, or DFO for detection of abscesses surrounded by muscle tissue.

PMID- 6587030
TI  - Gallium-67 uptake in hepatic angiosarcoma.

PMID- 6587031
TI  - Myospherulosis of the mandible--report on an occurrence of a possible iatrogenic
      disease.

PMID- 6587032
TI  - Ulcerative conditions involving the oropharynx.

PMID- 6587033
TI  - Secretory response of the rat submandibular gland perfused with fluorocarbon
      emulsion as an artificial blood substitute.

PMID- 6587034
TI  - Epithelial cell rests occurred in apical ramifications in cellular cementum of
      molar tooth root portion in rat.

PMID- 6587035
TI  - Tooth attachment in anglerfish (Lophiomus setigerus VAHL).

PMID- 6587036
TI  - A study on the welding of resin base (part 5). On the solvent welding of
      polysulfone.

PMID- 6587037
TI  - Inhibitory effect of (NG4)2MoO2F4 on the experimental dental caries in rats.

PMID- 6587038
TI  - Zinc and copper levels of gingiva and blood under estrogen and progesterone
      effect.

PMID- 6587039
TI  - Histochemical observations of hexokinase in leukoplakias and squamous cell
      carcinomas of oral cavity and maxillary sinus.

PMID- 6587040
TI  - Initial stress induced in the periodontal tissue at the time of the application
      of various types of orthodontic force: three-dimensional analysis by means of the
      finite element method.

PMID- 6587041
TI  - A study on the welding of resin base (part 6). On the polycarbonate.

PMID- 6587042
TI  - The relation between occlusal sounds and vertical jaw movement.

PMID- 6587043
TI  - Morphological studies on the temporomandibular joint in the dysfunction of the
      stomatognathic system by tomography.

PMID- 6587044
TI  - Time-dependent formation of CaF2 on the apatite pellet in acidic solution
      containing fluoride.

PMID- 6587046
TI  - A study on the abrasion resistance for dental polymer.

PMID- 6587047
TI  - The postnatal development of the rat inferior alveolar nerve.

PMID- 6587045
TI  - Application of laser on dental treatment.

PMID- 6587048
TI  - Ultrastructural study of developing rat molar tooth germ in vitro. 1. The uptake
      of horseradish peroxidase by secretory ameloblast.

PMID- 6587049
TI  - Changes in coenzyme Q-dependent enzyme activities in the inflamed gingiva of
      dogs.

PMID- 6587051
TI  - Optimal nutrition: a new prescription.

PMID- 6587050
TI  - Exohemagglutinin isolated from the cultured medium of Streptococcus sanguis ATCC
      10557.

PMID- 6587052
TI  - Finalization of functional orthopedic therapy.

PMID- 6587053
TI  - The diagnostic value of a second panoramic radiograph during the developing
      dentition.

PMID- 6587054
TI  - Intra-dentist behavioral variability across children and appointments.

PMID- 6587055
TI  - Gingival sulcus depth in the young permanent dentition.

PMID- 6587056
TI  - Overdenture treatment--one aspect of the team approach for the EEC syndrome
      patient.

PMID- 6587058
TI  - Mucogingival defects in the pedodontic patient.

PMID- 6587057
TI  - Periodontal disease in the primary dentition.

PMID- 6587059
TI  - Radiation in dentistry for children.

PMID- 6587060
TI  - Morphological and immunohistochemical assessment of juvenile periodontitis: a
      familial study.

PMID- 6587061
TI  - Odontomas: an analysis of 167 cases.

PMID- 6587062
TI  - Palatal invaginations in incisors and the presence of cusps of Carabelli.

PMID- 6587063
TI  - An investigation of the relationship between electromyographic findings and
      unilateral chewing in children.

PMID- 6587064
TI  - Complex congenital hemihypertrophy: a case report and literature review.

PMID- 6587065
TI  - Organization of needs in anorectic, bulimic, and obese college women.
AB  - Central -peripheral organization of needs in women with eating disorders was
      investigated. Subjects included three clinical groups, totalling 50 female
      university students, identified as anorectic, bulimic and obese, and two
      nonclinical control groups, totalling 70 female students. The revised Picture
      Identification Test (PIT), which measures motivational aspects of Murray-based
      needs, was administered to all subjects. A new PIT measure, Cenper Index, showed
      significant differences in central-peripheral organization of needs between
      clinical and control groups, and among clinical eating disorder groups. The
      anorectic group differed most from groups on aggression and succorance needs; the
      bulimic group differed on abasement and defendance needs; and the obese group
      differed on dominance, exhibition, and gratitude needs.

PMID- 6587066
TI  - Acupuncture in operative dentistry.

PMID- 6587067
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a radiopaque denture base resin.

PMID- 6587068
TI  - A psychologic study of self-concept of patients in relation to artificial and
      natural teeth.

PMID- 6587069
TI  - The effect of superficial colorant and glaze on the surface texture of vacuum
      fired porcelain.
AB  - The surface smoothness of dental porcelain after the use of various staining and
      glazing techniques was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The autogenous
      glazing technique produced a smooth, slightly pitted surface that has been shown
      to be biologically acceptable and should be used for restorations where the
      addition of colorant is unnecessary (Fig. 2). If application of glaze powders is
      desired, the use of the high temperature-induced glazing technique produces a
      smooth surface (Fig. 4). The use of colorant as the inducing agent does not
      produce the same degree of smoothness as do the glaze powders (Fig. 3). For teeth
      that require minimal shade modification, a thin slurry of glaze followed by the
      colorant modification should be added too unglazed porcelain and air fired to a
      high temperature-induced glaze (Fig. 6). For teeth that require major color
      modifications, colorant fixation at 1,500 degrees F followed by a high
      temperature induced glaze is warranted. The use of the low temperature (1,500
      degrees F)-induced glaze should be restricted to cases where high-temperature
      firing may be detrimental (Fig. 11).

PMID- 6587070
TI  - A castability study of nonprecious ceramometal alloys.

PMID- 6587072
TI  - The distribution of the radius of the curve scribed during protrusion.

PMID- 6587071
TI  - Microleakage of a copal rosin cavity varnish.

PMID- 6587073
TI  - Intrinsic color of isophorone polyurethane for maxillofacial prosthetics. Part I:
      Physical properties.

PMID- 6587075
TI  - Use of an interim obturator for definitive prosthesis fabrication.

PMID- 6587074
TI  - In vitro comparison study of MDX-4-4210 and polydimethyl siloxane silicone
      materials.

PMID- 6587076
TI  - Arthrography of the temporomandibular joint.
AB  - The TMJ is anatomically and functionally complex. Arthrography has shown that
      anatomic abnormalities account for many causes of TMJ dysfunction. Arthrography
      is a valuable tool for understanding TMJ disorders and assisting in the
      establishment of a rational basis for treatment planning.

PMID- 6587077
TI  - Diagnosis by computed tomography of temporomandibular joint meniscus
      displacement.
AB  - CT may be a practical alternative to arthrography for diagnosing displacement of
      the meniscus in the TMJ. In a study of 75 patients, 69 were diagnosed by CT to
      have meniscal displacement. Thirty-four diagnoses were subsequently confirmed by
      surgery or arthrography. Disadvantages of CT are cost (almost twice as much as an
      arthrogram), inability to diagnose perforations, and inability to judge meniscus
      dynamics, which can be done by fluoroscopy. Advantages are patient comfort,
      safety, and decreased total radiation dose. Continued research and clinical
      correlation will be needed to determine the role of CT in the diagnosis of
      meniscus displacement of the TMJ. However, initial results are promising, and CT
      may quickly replace arthrography as the diagnostic procedure of choice.

PMID- 6587078
TI  - Experimental occlusal discrepancies and nocturnal bruxism.

PMID- 6587079
TI  - Growth and potential pathogens in denture-soaking solution of myelosuppressed
      cancer patients.

PMID- 6587080
TI  - Determination of chronology of mandibular border movements by optical
      pantography.

PMID- 6587081
TI  - Laboratory techniques for the construction of intranasal prostheses.

PMID- 6587082
TI  - A practical approach to restoring occlusion for edentulous patients.

PMID- 6587083
TI  - Combined method to determine the therapeutic position for occlusal
      rehabilitation.

PMID- 6587084
TI  - The influence of prostheses on mandibular posture in edentulous patients.

PMID- 6587085
TI  - Periodontal considerations relevant to treating the fractured tooth.

PMID- 6587086
TI  - The effect of repeated firings on the margins of nonprecious ceramometals.

PMID- 6587087
TI  - A kinematic investigation of mandibular border movement by means of an electronic
      measuring system. Part II: A study of the Bennett movement.
AB  - Fifty adults with orthognathic maxillomandibular relationships were selected as
      the test group. The movement of the working condyle was examined during lateral
      movement of the mandible with an electronic system capable of measuring six
      degrees of freedom of the mandible with an accuracy of +/- 0.06 mm. The results
      were: Orbits of the points on the terminal hinge axis d mm from the midpoint
      during lateral movement of the mandible varied appreciably as the value of d
      changed. The orbits more affected were the working side on the horizontal and
      frontal planes. The point on the working side moved forward, laterally, and
      downward as the value of d was small; and it moved backward, laterally, and
      upward as the value of d increased. Depending on the value of d, orbits moved in
      opposite directions. As the value of d varied from small to large, the point on
      the working side moved only laterally along the terminal hinge axis when d was 55
      mm. From this observation, the Bennett movement is explained as the lateral shift
      of the working condyle along the terminal hinge axis. Reports concerning the
      directions and mode of motion of the Bennett movement differ because of the lack
      of specification of location of the positions (targets) assigned for measurement.

PMID- 6587088
TI  - Removing a cemented metal-ceramic fixed prosthesis without damage: a custom-made
      appliance.

PMID- 6587089
TI  - Modified clinical and laboratory procedures for fabrication of nasal prostheses.
AB  - A modified procedure that aids in the fabrication of a nasal prosthesis has been
      described. This method offers several distinct advantages over traditional
      techniques. These are (1) use of the silicone putty impression material reduces
      sculpturing time, (2) the tinted wax allows improved patient acceptance of the
      wax model at the try-on, and (3) use of conditioning material at the try-on
      improves marginal adaptation.

PMID- 6587090
TI  - Intrinsic color of isophorone polyurethane for maxillofacial prosthetics. Part
      II: Color stability.

PMID- 6587091
TI  - Practical evaluation of the lateral temporomandibular joint radiograph.
AB  - The reevaluation of the lateral transcranial radiograph is needed because of the
      confusion that surrounds the diagnosis and treatment of TMJ dysfunction-pain. The
      lack of universal acceptance of the validity of the lateral TMJ radiograph
      contributes to the lack of progress of TMJ dysfunction-pain treatment and
      improved methods for the treatment of prosthodontic patients. The lateral
      transcranial TMJ radiograph was reevaluated for its duplicability (+/- 0.2 mm).
      The image was found to be a cross section of the lateral third of the condyle
      rather than a composite view of the condyle made at an angle. The condylar
      position in the fossa can be correctly evaluated in transcranial radiographs,
      because the relative condylar position in the fossa is similar in all sagittal
      views and the image is always of the same sagittal plane (lateral third). Soft
      tissue within or lining the fossa does not affect the evaluation of condylar
      position. Chronic osteoarthritic TMJ pathology can exist without subjective pain;
      therefore, routine use of initial TMJ radiographs with subsequent radiographs at
      5-year intervals is suggested for all patients. Because condylar repositioning
      may be indicated before subjective pain symptoms appear, condylar repositioning
      should be contemplated whenever extensive prosthodontic treatment is needed. In
      addition, if chronic osteoarthritic lesions are observed initially, radiographs
      are indicated at more frequent intervals and anti-inflammatory agents should be
      considered for routine use depending on the rate and extent of the pathologic
      development. The existence of osteoarthritic lesions was confirmed by serial
      radiographs over 5 to 10 years. If an osteoarthritis is present, condylar
      repositioning (when condylar displacement is present) or changes in occlusion
      should be considered. There is some clinical evidence that condylar displacement
      is associated with pathologic remodeling and/or osteoarthritic lesions of the
      condyle and that condyle repositioning arrests the pathologic process. The
      principle of condylar concentricity , previously established for the treatment of
      TMJ dysfunction-pain syndrome and for functional centric relation in
      prosthodontics, was formulated by associating condylar position in the fossa with
      TMJ dysfunction-pain in many patients. This article suggests the value of the
      lateral TMJ radiograph as an important practical aid in the diagnosis and
      treatment of TMJ dysfunction pain and in the establishment of functional centric
      relation in prosthodontics.

PMID- 6587092
TI  - Major maxillomandibular malrelations and temporomandibular joint pain
      dysfunction.
AB  - A retrospective questionnaire survey of 102 patients who underwent orthognathic
      surgery for maxillomandibular disharmonies assessed the incidence of TMJ pain
      dysfunction in both pretreatment and posttreatment phases. While retrospective
      questionnaire studies have obvious limitations, the following conclusions deserve
      consideration. The incidence of TMJ pain-dysfunction symptoms found in this
      patient population appears to be higher than the incidence of those symptoms
      reported in previous epidemiologic studies of general populations which involved
      subjective symptoms alone. Maxillomandibular disharmonies may be an important
      etiologic factor in the development of TMJ pain-dysfunction. Surgical correction
      of the disharmony in a significant percent of patients with maxillomandibular
      disharmonies and concomitant TMJ pain-dysfunction may alleviate or improve the
      TMJ pain-dysfunction symptoms. There is a possibility that patients may develop
      TMJ pain-dysfunction symptoms after orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6587093
TI  - EMG activity of the superior belly of the lateral pterygoid muscle in relation to
      other jaw muscles.

PMID- 6587094
TI  - Nocturnal muscle activity in the edentulous patient with and without dentures.
AB  - Nocturnal oral activity was evaluated in four complete denture wearers by means
      of masseter muscle EMG measurements. Patients who had worn dentures that were
      judged satisfactory for at least a 1-year period were selected. EMG levels were
      compared when subjects slept with and without the dentures in the mouth. All
      subjects showed a decrease in the integrated muscle activity while wearing the
      dentures. Additional studies need to be directed at understanding the mechanism
      of the effect of denture wearing on nocturnal muscle activity.

PMID- 6587095
TI  - Setting artificial acrylic resin teeth in occlusion with natural teeth.

PMID- 6587096
TI  - An evaluation and comparison of the pulpal response to gold foil and indium
      alloy.

PMID- 6587097
TI  - Emergency treatment of acute inflammation of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6587098
TI  - Bulimia. Utilizing individual and family therapy.

PMID- 6587099
TI  - Food tolerance and food aversion. A joint report of the Royal College of
      Physicians and the British Nutrition Foundation.

PMID- 6587101
TI  - Marketing as it applies to dentistry.

PMID- 6587100
TI  - Epidemiological study of psychiatric disorder in adolescent girls: preliminary
      communication.
AB  - A two-stage general population study of affective disorder and problems of eating
      control in 15-19-year-old girls is in progress, the sample being identified by
      the use of general practitioners' age-sex registers. So far, 244 girls and their
      mothers have been interviewed and have independently completed questionnaires
      relating to mood and appetite control. The girls completed questionnaires both on
      themselves and on their mothers, and their mothers on themselves and on their
      daughters. Significant correlations between self-rating and rating of the other
      person were obtained in all cases, with agreement on the daughters' mood being
      higher in non-manual couples.

PMID- 6587102
TI  - Relationships between sesamoid calcification, age and facial growth.

PMID- 6587103
TI  - More than face value.

PMID- 6587104
TI  - The relationship between upper airway obstruction and craniofacial growth.

PMID- 6587105
TI  - Surgical misadventures.

PMID- 6587106
TI  - Continuing education needs as reported by dentists in the state of Michigan.

PMID- 6587107
TI  - Hypertension, its etiology and ramifications.

PMID- 6587108
TI  - Deaths related to narcotics overdose in New Jersey.

PMID- 6587109
TI  - Computerized tomography-guided percutaneous needle biopsy.

PMID- 6587110
TI  - Premenstrual syndrome: fact or fantasy?

PMID- 6587111
TI  - Rehabilitation of cognitive function in brain-damaged persons.

PMID- 6587112
TI  - Case report: tuberculous abscess of the spleen.

PMID- 6587113
TI  - Case report: intrauterine testicular torsion.

PMID- 6587115
TI  - Dental library is a well-kept secret.

PMID- 6587114
TI  - Clinical camera.

PMID- 6587116
TI  - Post-insertion maintenance of complete dentures: an occlusal equilibration
      approach.

PMID- 6587118
TI  - Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of 3 alpha, 20 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from Streptomyces hydrogenans.
AB  - 3 alpha, 20 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, an NADH-dependent oxidoreductase
      isolated from Streptomyces hydrogenans , is a tetramer containing four subunits
      each of Mr 25,000. The enzyme has been crystallized by the vapor diffusion
      technique using either phosphate or borate buffered ammonium sulfate (pH between
      6.0 and 8.7) as the precipitant. The crystals are hexagonal bipyramids ; they
      have the symmetry of space group P6(4)22 (or P6(2)22), with unit cell dimensions
      a = 127.3 A, c = 112.2 A. Volume and density considerations imply that the
      crystallographic asymmetric unit contains two monomers, and therefore that the
      tetramer possesses a 2-fold axis of symmetry that is coincident with a
      crystallographic 2-fold symmetry element.

PMID- 6587119
TI  - The results of flap operations: a review.

PMID- 6587117
TI  - Sequence comparisons of non-allelic late histone genes and their early stage
      counterparts. Evidence for gene conversion within the sea urchin late stage gene
      family.
AB  - We have determined the nucleotide sequence of sea urchin (Lytechinus pictus) late
      stage H3 and H4 histone genes contained on the clone pLpH3H4 -21 and of the early
      stage H3 gene contained on the plasmid pLpA . Comparison of these differentially
      regulated histone genes with each other and with other L. pictus late and early
      stage histone H3 and H4 genes previously sequenced confirms that members of each
      histone gene family (early and late) are more homologous to each other than they
      are to members of other histone gene families. The spacer regions between two
      late H3-H4 gene pairs on the clones pLpH3H4 -19 and pLpH3H4 -21 have diverged to
      the point where they are no longer homologous. However, comparative analysis of
      the 5' flanking DNA has identified a sequence 5'C-T-C-A-T-G-T-A-T-T3' upstream of
      both late H4 genes and another, 5'A-G-A-T-T-C-A3', upstream of both H3 genes.
      Except for a short conserved sequence near the initiation codon, the transcribed
      5' leaders of the late mRNAs differ in length and sequence in the two non-allelic
      late histone gene pairs. This divergence contrasts with the 95 to 96%
      conservation found between late histone gene coding sequences. The results
      suggest that there is intergenic exchange in the germline among members of the
      late histone gene family and that the unit of exchange is the individual gene
      rather than the heterotypic dimer which includes the common spacer DNA.

PMID- 6587120
TI  - Multiple parodontal abscesses.

PMID- 6587121
TI  - Treatment of advanced periodontitis, severe gingival recession, and crowding of
      teeth in the lower anterior region of the mouth.

PMID- 6587122
TI  - Application of findings in clinical research to management of periodontitis.

PMID- 6587123
TI  - Treatment of an isolated deep defect.

PMID- 6587125
TI  - Monitoring the use of the office sterilizer.

PMID- 6587124
TI  - Primary osteogenic sarcoma of the kidney.
AB  - We report a case of primary osteogenic sarcoma of the kidney. To our knowledge
      only 7 such cases have been described previously.

PMID- 6587126
TI  - Pharmacist/dentist reviews causes of oral ulcerations.

PMID- 6587127
TI  - The five minute TMJ screening exam.

PMID- 6587128
TI  - How to get an 11-fold return on your investment.

PMID- 6587129
TI  - Early diagnosis, genetic marker sought for tuberous sclerosis.

PMID- 6587130
TI  - More cautionary labeling appears on isotretinoin.

PMID- 6587131
TI  - The isotretinoin teratogen syndrome.
AB  - Two infants with prominent frontal bossing, hydrocephalus, microphthalmia, and
      small, malformed, low-set, undifferentiated ears were born to mothers who had
      taken isotretinoin in the first trimester of pregnancy. A Dandy-Walker
      malformation, microcephaly, hypertelorism, small ear canals, cleft palate, small
      mouth, and congenital heart disease were also observed. Isotretinoin is a potent
      teratogen in man; maternal ingestion early in pregnancy leads to a distinct
      clinical pattern of anomalies.

PMID- 6587132
TI  - [Clinical trials of cefmetazole for pneumonia and pyothorax caused by
      Staphylococcus aureus resistant to cefazolin].
AB  - Cefmetazole (CMZ), an antibiotic agent of the cephamycin group, is resistant to
      beta-lactamase and has a broad antibacterial spectrum covering Gram-positive
      cocci and Gram-negative bacilli. However, it has not been indicated for Gram
      positive cocci. We examined its clinical, bacteriological and side effects in 2
      infants with pneumonia and 2 with pyothorax, which had been suggested to be
      caused by CEZ-resistant and CMZ-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus or other
      inflammatory organisms by a disc sensitivity test, for 2 years and 3 months from
      January, 1981 to March, 1983. The patients aged 1 to 22 months, and a mean daily
      dose of 108 to 115 mg/kg was divided into 2 to 4 equal doses and injected into
      the vein at one shot for a mean fo 19 days. The following results were obtained:
      The clinical effect of CMZ was evaluated to be good in 1 and fair in 1 of 2
      infants with pneumonia, and excellent in 1 and good in 1 of 2 with pyothorax.
      Bacteriologically, S. aureus was removed in an infant with pneumonia and in 2
      with pyothorax. Bacteriological test was not conducted in the remaining 1 with
      pneumonia. No side effects were found in any cases. Eosinophilia appeared as an
      abnormal clinical test value in a case, but the number of eosinophils became
      normal after termination of the medication. As mentioned above, CMZ manifested an
      excellent clinical effect in infants with pneumonia or pyothorax caused by S.
      aureus although the number of the patients was small. From the results the
      antibiotic agent can be expected to be effective in these disease.

PMID- 6587133
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of CA 19-9 for the detection of malignant tumors--a
      comparison with CEA and IAP].
AB  - To evaluate the ability of CA 19-9 to detect tumor antigen, sera from 122
      patients with malignant tumors and 38 control patients were tested. The
      sensitivity of the test was compared with conventional CEA and IAP assays. The
      incidence of positivity in malignant tumors was 32.8% for CA 19-9 and 36.6% and
      65.6% for CEA and IAP, respectively. The false-positive was 5%, 21% and 50% for
      CA 19-9, CEA and IAP, respectively. The highest positivity rate (75%) was
      observed in pancreatic cancers. Our results suggest that CA 19-9 is a useful
      marker for the detection of cancers.

PMID- 6587134
TI  - [Prophylactic central nervous system irradiation for childhood acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia].
AB  - Documentation on 324 children with leukemia who underwent cranial irradiation
      between 1972 and 1981 was collected from 15 participating hospitals in the Kansai
      Cancer therapy Group. Among 182 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia,
      records on 90 children treated with prophylactic cranial irradiation (2,400 rads)
      plus intrathecal methotrexate in 12 hospitals were available for analysis. There
      was no significant difference in survival between the two prognostic groups based
      on age and initial WBC count at diagnosis, i.e., overall, relapse-free and CNS
      relapse-free 5-year survivals in the good and intermediate prognostic groups were
      57% vs. 51%, 55%, vs. 49%, and 83% vs. 95%, respectively.

PMID- 6587135
TI  - [Four gastrectomized cases associated with chronic leukemia].
AB  - We reviewed 4 gastrectomized cases associated with chronic leukemia. Three
      patients had chronic myelogenous leukemia, one had hairy cell leukemia. Subtotal
      gastrectomy was performed in all cases; two operations were for gastric cancer
      and two for bleeding gastric ulcers. The spleen was removed in three patients
      without any trouble. There were no difficulties in managing the patients during
      and after surgery and their leukemia was not aggravated during these periods.

PMID- 6587137
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of Ga-67 citrate scintigrams in diffuse pulmonary diseases-
      comparison with radiological findings].

PMID- 6587136
TI  - [CA 19-9, a new tumor marker].

PMID- 6587138
TI  - Effect of pH alterations on the vascular reactivity of dog isolated perfused
      mesenteric arteries.

PMID- 6587139
TI  - Inhibitory effect of acemetacin, a prodrug of indomethacin, on prostaglandin E2
      release from inflamed synovial tissue.

PMID- 6587141
TI  - [A case of Mendelson's syndrome].

PMID- 6587140
TI  - [A study of prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolism in experimentally induced pulmonary
      vascular bed diminution and oleic-acid induced lung injury in dogs].

PMID- 6587143
TI  - Design of cancer assays for pharmaceutical agents.

PMID- 6587142
TI  - Hair dye use and breast cancer.

PMID- 6587144
TI  - Myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders in Tasmania, 1972-80:
      patterns in space and time.
AB  - During the period 1972-80, 866 patients with myeloproliferative (MP) and
      lymphoproliferative (LP) disorders were diagnosed in Tasmania. The residential
      histories of these cases were compared with those of population-based controls.
      No space-time clustering was demonstrated by individuals of any single diagnosis
      or group of diagnoses, nor were any regional differences in incidence detected.
      However, urban-rural differences were observed. Rural exposures were important
      especially in early childhood and at specific intervals before onset for certain
      diagnoses. Farm residence in early life yielded heightened relative risks,
      especially for sufferers from chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute
      nonlymphoblastic leukemia. Regional analysis demonstrated elevated risks of
      residence in orcharding and dairying regions and in an urban-industrial
      municipality. High risks were associated with latent periods before diagnosis.
      The findings suggest environmental agents, acting prenatally or in early life, as
      well as in adult life, as important risk factors in the later development of MP
      and LP disorders.

PMID- 6587145
TI  - Myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders in Tasmania, 1972-80:
      occupational and familial aspects.
AB  - All cases in a population-based series of myeloproliferative and
      lymphoproliferative (LP) disorders diagnosed in usual residents of Tasmania
      between 1972 and 1980 were asked for occupational histories and the occurrence of
      similar diseases in their close relatives. Occupational risks were observed for
      males who had farmed, mined, or worked in foundries and for women who had farmed
      or had been hairdressers. For individual diagnoses, the risk to farmers was seen
      to vary with age at diagnosis, sex, and region. With regard to familial risks,
      the LP and MP groups seemed to breed true, relatives being affected with a
      disorder from the other group not more often than would be expected by chance.
      The risks were of two kinds: Those to siblings and that between parent and child,
      particularly between mother and son. Occupational risks for the familial cases
      were limited to farming particularly in males diagnosed at 65 years of age or
      older. Females possessed elevated risks for the LP group only, and their highest
      relative risk was for those diagnosed before age 65. This evidence suggests that
      familial clustering of these disorders partly may be due to common environmental
      exposures in males from rural kindreds.

PMID- 6587146
TI  - Mammographic patterns and breast cancer risk: methodologic standards and
      contradictory results.
AB  - The claim that classification of the pattern of the breast parenchyma upon
      mammography can distinguish groups at different risks for breast cancer has been
      examined by 17 other studies published in the English language literature with
      contradictory results; this controversy was assessed by us in examination of
      these studies for their adherence to commonly accepted methodologic standards for
      the investigation of causal relationships. The nine standards for the examination
      of the studies included a description of the way the study population had been
      assembled and followed up and descriptions of the methods of mammographic pattern
      classification and breast cancer risk analysis. A strong association was found
      between the standards adopted by a study and the obtained results. Among nine
      cohort and case-control studies that found a statistically significant
      association between mammographic pattern and breast cancer risk, all met at least
      four standards, whereas only two of six "negative" cohort or case-control studies
      met as many as four standards. Among prevalence surveys, the association between
      methods and results was less striking, but several negative prevalence surveys
      were associated with "positive" cohort studies employing the same group of
      patients. These results indicate that methodologic differences among studies
      contribute substantially to the controversy surrounding this subject. Studies
      that follow the usual scientific methods employed in the epidemiologic
      investigation of risk generally have confirmed an association between
      mammographic pattern and breast cancer risk.

PMID- 6587148
TI  - Breast cancer risk associated with reproductive factors and breast parenchymal
      patterns.
AB  - In a population-based study of 23,511 women 50-67 years of age at the time of
      first screening, a striking relationship was found between parity and age at
      first childbirth, on the one hand, and two radiologic aspects of breast
      parenchymal pattern (dysplasia and prominent duct pattern), on the other. These
      relationships appeared to be causal.

PMID- 6587147
TI  - X-ray responses of human colon tumor cells grown in artificial capillary culture.
AB  - Clone A human colon adenocarcinoma cells were grown in three-dimensional
      artificial capillary culture (ACC) to determine responses of capillaries treated
      3 weeks after tumor cell inoculation with a specific, easily quantifiable
      cytotoxic agent, ionizing radiation. The high-density growth of tumor cells in
      ACC can be considered to be an in vitro analogue of a solid tumor. Changes in
      extracapillary space (ECS) fluid concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
      and aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and the utilization of glucose in
      circulating medium were monitored after a supralethal radiation dose (90 Gy) of X
      rays. Immediately after irradiation, increased levels of LDH and GOT were found
      that reached maximum levels about four to five times those found in nonirradiated
      control capillaries at 10-13 days post irradiation and then declined. Patterns of
      enzyme production appeared to correlate with the numbers of nonviable tumor cells
      collected from the ECS of the artificial capillaries. In contrast, glucose
      utilization showed little correlation with either enzyme concentration or dead
      cell production. It was determined that, while capillaries grown and treated in
      this manner appear to respond in a dose-dependent manner to ionizing radiation
      (as indicated by changes in LDH and GOT levels), these particular end points are
      relatively insensitive and are not suitable for studies in which therapeutic
      levels of X-radiation might be given. In other studies, tumor cells were removed
      from unirradiated capillaries by trypsinization and used to obtain complete
      survival curves after graded doses of X-radiation. The dose-response curves
      obtained indicate that clone A colon tumor cells grown in ACC show a marked
      decrease in their ability to accumulate sublethal radiation injury as compared to
      responses of these cells growing exponentially in asynchronous monolayer
      cultures, to synchronized mid-G1 tumor cells, or to tumor cells in stationary
      growth phase. These data suggest that ACC is a potentially useful model to study
      the effects of cytotoxic agents on human tumor cells.

PMID- 6587149
TI  - Maternal age and breast cancer risk.
AB  - Maternal age at time of birth was investigated as a risk factor for breast cancer
      in a study of 1,176 matched case-control pairs. There was no pattern of
      increasing adjusted relative risk of breast cancer with increasing maternal age,
      nor was the mean maternal age of cases older than that of controls. Similar
      negative results were found among the subset of subjects up to 35 years old, a
      group previously found to show marked maternal age effects. Thus previous reports
      of an association between breast cancer and advanced maternal age may have been
      due to chance, extraneous factors, or a misleading reliance on unadjusted mean
      maternal ages, rather than on relative risks.

PMID- 6587150
TI  - Cancer and aplastic anemia in British Columbia farmers.
AB  - For evaluation of occupational mortality in agriculture, age-standardized
      proportional mortality ratios (PMR) were calculated for 28,032 male farmers with
      the use of British Columbia (B.C.) death registrations collected from 1950 to
      1978. Farmers had significantly elevated risks of death from cancer of the lip
      (PMR = 191, P = .05), stomach (PMR = 119, P less than .0001), and prostate gland
      (PMR = 113, P less than .001). In addition, leukemia was higher than expected
      (PMR = 122, P less than .01), as was aplastic anemia (PMR = 174, P less than
      .01). The elevated risks were fairly consistent over the 29-year period for
      stomach, prostate gland, and lip cancer, as well as for leukemia. The PMR for
      aplastic anemia was highest for the years 1950-59 and declined over the next 19
      years. Farmers also showed significant mortality deficits for several important
      cancer sites, including esophagus (PMR = 59, P less than .0001), colon (PMR = 84,
      P less than .001), larynx (PMR = 62, P less than .01), and lung (PMR = 66, P less
      than .0001) for the period 1950-78. More detailed studies in B.C. will be
      necessary to confirm and extend these cancer-agriculture associations.

PMID- 6587151
TI  - Forecasting cancer trends to optimize control strategies.
AB  - Population projections and age-stratified cancer rates were used to forecast the
      trends for cancer occurrence for the United States during the coming decades: A
      progressive increase in the number of new cases is already predetermined by the
      high birth rate that occurred during the middle part of the century, and it will
      lead to nearly a doubling in the number of cases in about 4 decades. The
      demographic circumstances that determine the per capita costs of cancer are
      likely to worsen, because expected population trends will produce a deteriorating
      per capita economic base. Furthermore, the high costs of emerging treatment
      technologies are likely to magnify the deterioration ever further. Development of
      methods for cancer trend forecasting can provide a sound and accurate foundation
      for planning a comprehensive national strategy for optimal partitioning of
      research resources between the need for development of new treatments and the
      need for new research directed toward primary preventive measures.

PMID- 6587152
TI  - Colon cancer and dietary fat, phosphate, and calcium: a hypothesis.
AB  - Increased dietary fat was suggested to promote colon cancer by increasing the
      levels of free ionized fatty acids and bile acids in the colon contents. In the
      presence of calcium ions the irritating and toxic effects of the free acids on
      colon epithelial cells could be reduced by being converted to insoluble calcium
      soaps. The level of supplementary dietary calcium to supply adequate calcium and
      thus reduce the potential toxicity of dietary fat was considered.

PMID- 6587154
TI  - Effect of five antineoplastic agents on tumor xenografts with different growth
      rates.
AB  - The effects of cyclophosphamide (Cy), doxorubicin (Dx), cisplatin (DDP),
      melphalan (L-PAM), and vincristine (VCR) on various human and animal tumor lines
      with different growth rates, growing as xenografts in NMRI (nu/nu) mice, were
      studied. Two types of response were observed: For Cy and Dx, the response of the
      xenografts was negatively correlated with tumor volume doubling time (TD),
      indicating that rapidly growing tumors were more sensitive to these drugs than
      were slowly growing tumors. For DDP, L-PAM, and VCR, the effects were positively
      correlated with the TD, indicating that slowly growing tumors were more sensitive
      to these drugs than rapidly growing tumors. The data are discussed in relation to
      the effects of the drugs on proliferating and nonproliferating cells obtained
      with other cell lines.

PMID- 6587153
TI  - Induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis in rat stomach mucosa by glandular stomach
      carcinogens.
AB  - Induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) (repair DNA synthesis) in stomach
      pyloric mucosa of the F344/- DuCrj rat was examined in in vitro organ cultures in
      the presence of tritiated thymidine ([3H]dThd) and hydroxyurea after
      administration of chemical carcinogens in vivo. The DNA fraction was extracted
      from the cultured tissue, and the incorporation of [3H]dThd into DNA was
      determined in a liquid scintillation counter. DNA concentration was determined
      spectrophotometrically with either diphenylamine or 3,5- diaminobenzoic acid. A
      good correlation between induction of UDS and site specificity of carcinogens was
      observed. The glandular stomach carcinogens N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
      (CAS: 70-25-7), N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (CAS: 63885-23-4), N-propyl
      N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (CAS: 56-57-5), and N
      nitroso-N-methylurethane (CAS: 615-53-2) induced UDS in the pyloric mucosa of the
      stomach. UDS could be detected 2-4 hours after administration of carcinogens in
      vivo by the present method. The forestomach carcinogens 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea
      (CAS: 684-93-5) and aristolochic acid (CAS: 1398-06-7) and the nongastric
      carcinogens 2-acetylaminofluorene (CAS: 53-96-3), 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H
      pyrido[4,3-b]indole, 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole, and
      dimethylnitrosamine (CAS: 62-75-9) did not induce UDS in the pyloric mucosa.

PMID- 6587155
TI  - Oxidative burst-dependent tumoricidal and tumorostatic activities of paraffin oil
      elicited mouse macrophages.
AB  - Mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) from C57BL/6J, BALB/c, A strains, and (BALB/
      cfemale X C57BL/ 6Jmale )F1 offspring were treated with the oxidative burst (OB)
      stimulant 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, and their in vitro tumoricidal,
      tumorostatic , and OB activities were examined. Paraffin oil-elicited, but not
      thioglycollate (TG)-elicited, MPM exhibited cytotoxicity only toward Yac-1 cells
      and cytostatic activity toward Yac-1, EL 4, RBL-5, and RLmale 1 lymphoma cells.
      This activity was in correlation with the reduced capacity of TG-elicited cells
      to generate OB products. The toxic effect of such activated MPM was partially
      inhibited by catalase, superoxide dismutase, cytochrome c, and vitamin E (alpha
      tocopherol) and was augmented by horseradish peroxidase and the catalase
      inhibitor aminotriazole (3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole), thus indicating the
      involvement of oxygen-derived toxic reagents, mainly hydrogen peroxide, in the
      MPM-mediated damage inflicted on the tumor cells. EL 4 cells incubated with
      nonstimulated MPM exhibited enhanced growth both in vitro and in vivo, whereas OB
      stimulated MPM inhibited the growth of such cells in the same experimental
      systems.

PMID- 6587156
TI  - Activation of cytotoxic polymorphonuclear leukocytes by in vivo administration of
      a streptococcal preparation, OK-432.
AB  - Injection ip of a streptococcal preparation, OK-432, into WKA and DONRYU rats
      induced in vitro cytotoxicity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) against tumor
      cells in terms of their cytostasis and cytolysis. PMN were obtained from
      peritoneal exudates of WKA and DONRYU rats. Cytotoxicity of activated PMN was
      immunologically nonspecific, although a certain target selectivity was observed
      in PMN cytotoxicity. The titer of cytotoxicity of PMN was dependent on the dose
      of injected OK-432 and on the number of PMN in the cytotoxicity assay. Activated
      PMN appeared very early (6 hr) after OK-432 injection, and the cytotoxic titer of
      PMN decreased from 24 hours and disappeared at 96 hours after injection of the
      reagent. In vitro culture of PMN with OK-432 also evoked cytotoxicity of PMN.

PMID- 6587157
TI  - Spontaneous ovarian tumors in Han:NMRI mice: histologic classification,
      incidence, and influence of food restriction.
AB  - In a life-span study with female Han:NMRI virgin mice (300 of a fat subline, 300
      of a lean subline, and 300 controls), a total of 424 mice developed 673 ovarian
      tumors. Half of the mice in each group were fed ad libitum, and for the other
      half food was restricted. Most prevalent were tubular adenomas followed by
      granulosa and Sertoli cell tumors. Altogether, 42 neoplasms were classified as
      tubular adenocarcinomas, and 21, as luteomas . The general incidence of tumors
      increased sharply beyond the 18th month of age. Granulosa cell tumors arose
      relatively early, and tubular adenocarcinomas occurred very late in life. The
      occurrence of ovarian tumors depended mainly on life expectancy. All animals
      subjected to food restriction lived longer and developed more ovarian neoplasms
      than those fed ad libitum.

PMID- 6587158
TI  - Direct antitumor effect of the polysaccharide levan in mice: effects of drug
      concentration and time and temperature of incubation.
AB  - In vitro treatment of Lewis lung carcinoma cells with the polysaccharide levan
      was shown previously to reduce the oncogenicity of these cells by acting on the
      cell membrane. In the present study the direct effect of levan on the
      tumorigenicity of Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL male mice was tested at different
      doses and intervals and temperatures of incubation. A dose-dependent decrease in
      tumorigenicity was observed: Doses of 0.5, 1, and 2 mg levan/2 X 10(5) cells/0.2
      ml reduced tumor incidence by 30, 50, and 70%, respectively. Some degree of
      inhibition was observed even with a dose of 0.004 mg. The inhibitory effect was
      rapid; 5 minutes of incubation resulted in the same reduction in oncogenicity as
      60 minutes. Inhibition at 0 degree C was as effective as inhibition at 37 degrees
      C. The lack of temperature effect indicates that enzymatic activity probably is
      not involved. The data presented here, together with previous data, suggest that
      levan induces a physical, rather than a chemical, change in the affected tumor
      cells. The polysaccharide appears to be loosely, noncovalently bound to the cell
      membrane.

PMID- 6587159
TI  - Effect of dietary fat on tumorigenesis in the mouse mammary gland.
AB  - The effects of dietary polyunsaturated fat in BALB/c mice were determined for
      several stages of mammary tumorigenesis: a) growth of intact and transplanted
      normal mammary tissue, b) growth of hyperplastic alveolar nodule (HAN) lines D1/
      UCD and Z5C1 , c) incidence of tumors occurring in D1/ UCD , and d) growth rate
      of the tumors. Growth of transplanted normal mammary epithelium as well as intact
      glands was faster in mice fed a 10% corn oil (CO) diet, which contains linoleate,
      than in those fed 10% hydrogenated cottonseed oil ( HCTO ), a diet free of the
      polyunsaturated fatty acid. We concluded that transplantation itself does not
      alter the response of mammary tissue to dietary fat. The growth of both HAN lines
      was unchanged by the presence of CO in the diet. For ascertainment as to whether
      the difference in response was specific to the tissue, ducts and HAN line D1/ UCD
      were transplanted into left and right gland-free fat pads of the same mice. The
      duct tissue grew faster when the hosts were fed the 10% CO diet than in the hosts
      fed the 10% HCTO diet; however, no effect of dietary fat was noted with the HAN.
      Although indomethacin retarded the growth of normal tissue in the mice fed CO
      diet, this prostaglandin inhibitor had no effect on the growth of the HAN
      transplants. Both incidence and growth rate of tumors arising from transplants of
      HAN line D1/ UCD were greater in mice fed diets containing either 0.3, 1, or 10%
      CO than in those fed 10% HCTO . The smaller number of tumors arising in mice fed
      with 10% HCTO diet may be the result of the slower growth rate of the neoplasms
      in mice fed diets devoid of linoleate.

PMID- 6587160
TI  - Possible role of duodenogastric reflux on the development of remnant gastric
      carcinoma induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in rats.
AB  - The relationship between operative procedures and the incidence of remnant
      stomach carcinoma was investigated in male Wistar rats orally treated with N
      methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine [(MNNG) CAS: 70-25-7; 1-methyl-3-nitro-1
      nitrosoguanidine]. A total of 178 rats was divided into 5 groups: After
      gastrectomy in which half of the glandular stomach was removed, group 1 received
      Billroth II reconstruction; group 2 was given short Roux-en-Y reconstruction;
      group 3 had long Roux-en-Y reconstruction; group 4 received gastrotomy alone; and
      group 5 consisted of nonoperated control rats. The incidence of gastric
      adenocarcinoma in MNNG-treated rats was significantly higher in group 1 (38.9%)
      as compared with that in group 3 (7.1%) and that in group 5 (9.5%). All tumors
      developed in the gastroenteric anastomotic area. Histologic examination of the
      gastric mucosa revealed atrophic gastritis and erosion in the gastroenteric
      anastomotic area, especially in rats with carcinoma. These findings seem to
      implicate the duodenogastric reflux, especially the reflux of bile acids, in the
      development of remnant stomach carcinoma in rats.

PMID- 6587161
TI  - Induction and suppression of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine activation by microsomes
      from rat liver and esophagus.
AB  - Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with various chemicals to determine
      their effects on the microsomal activation of the esophageal carcinogen N
      nitrosomethylbenzylamine [( NMBzA ) CAS: 937-40-6; N-methyl-N- nitrosobenzylamine
      ] in the rat esophagus and, for comparative purposes, in the rat liver. When rats
      were pretreated with NMBzA , little change in hepatic NMBzA - debenzylase
      activity was observed. In contrast, NMBzA metabolism in the esophagus was
      significantly (60-65%) reduced. Similarly, pretreatment of rats with disulfiram
      [CAS: 97-77-8; bis( diethylthiocarbamoyl )disulfide] caused a 40% decrease in
      esophageal metabolism, but it had no significant effect in the liver.
      Pretreatments with the methylenedioxybenzenes safrole [CAS: 94-59-7; 4-allyl-1,2
      (methylenedioxy)benzene], isosafrole [CAS: 120-58-1; 1,2-(methylenedioxy)-4
      propenylbenzene], and dihydrosafrole (CAS: 94-58-6; 1,2-(methylenedioxy)-4-
      propylbenzene ) caused a marked induction (twofold to fivefold) of the hepatic
      metabolism of NMBzA , but again esophageal metabolism was suppressed. The results
      indicate that esophageal metabolism of NMBzA is either unchanged or suppressed by
      the various chemical pretreatments, but hepatic metabolism of the nitrosamine is
      induced by the methylenedioxybenzenes .

PMID- 6587162
TI  - Neoplastic response of F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice to the polymer and dyestuff
      intermediates 4,4'-methylenebis(N,N-dimethyl)-benzenamine, 4,4'-oxydianiline, and
      4,4'-methylenedianiline.
AB  - Feeding 4,4'-methylenebis(N,N-dimethyl)benzenamine [CAS: 101-61-1; 4,4'
      methylenebis(N,N-dimethylaniline)] to inbred F344 rats increased the incidence of
      thyroid lesions (hyperplasia, adenomas, and carcinomas) in both sexes, especially
      in the female rats. 4,4'- Oxydianiline (CAS: 101-80-4) in the diet increased
      adenomas and carcinomas in the thyroid gland and neoplastic nodules and
      carcinomas in the liver of male and female F344 rats. In addition to increasing
      thyroid adenomas in females and hepatocellular adenomas or carcinomas in male and
      female B6C3F1 mice, 4,4'- oxydianiline increased adenomas of the harderian gland
      in male and female mice. 4,4'- Methylenedianiline (CAS: 101-77-9) in the drinking
      water increased neoplasms of the thyroid gland and liver in F344 rats and B6C3F1
      mice.

PMID- 6587163
TI  - Forensic odontology in the 1980's. Dental evidence of medicolegal and
      criminological significance.

PMID- 6587164
TI  - Tubuloglomerular feedback, prostaglandins, and angiotensin in the autoregulation
      of glomerular filtration rate.
AB  - To define the mechanisms responsible for autoregulation of SNGFR in the subnormal
      pressure range, the response of SNGFR to graded reductions of arterial pressure
      was measured before and after interfering with the tubuloglomerular feedback
      system (TGF), angiotensin II action and prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. Studies
      were performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats in which estimated surgical plasma
      losses were replaced, because euvolemic animals were found to have better
      autoregulatory capacity than hydropenic animals. In control plasma-replaced
      animals, a pressure reduction from normal to 97.5 mm Hg and a further reduction
      to 78 mm Hg had no significant effect on SNGFR (31.8 +/- 1.32 to 31.7 +/- 1.6 to
      29.3 +/- 1.48 nl/min) when all autoregulatory mechanisms were intact. After
      eliminating TGF, the same pressure steps were followed by significant reductions
      in SNGFR (40.8 +/- 1.75 to 36.4 +/- 2.18 to 31.0 +/- 1.56 nl/min). During
      infusion of saralasin (1 microgram/kg X min), SNGFR did not change significantly
      during reduction of pressure from normal to 95.5 mm Hg (32.0 +/- 1.02 to 30.7 +/-
      1.58 nl/min) but fell when pressure was reduced to 77 mm Hg (26.0 +/- 1.19
      nl/min). Infusion of this dose of saralasin was without significant effect on the
      response of early proximal flow rate to loop of Henle perfusion. During
      indomethacin-induced inhibition of PG synthesis, SNGFR fell significantly in
      response to both pressure steps (38.6 +/- 1.4 to 34.0 +/- 1.68 to 25.5 +/- 1.29
      nl/min). An analysis of the autoregulatory components indicates that in the
      higher pressure interval 115 to 95 mm Hg, TGF contributes about 50% and PG's
      about 30% to autoregulatory adjustments. In the lower pressure interval, 95 to 78
      mm Hg, 30% autoregulatory compensation occurs through the TGF mechanism and 20%
      depends upon the action of angiotensin II. Probably in part by interfering with
      both of those mechanisms, inhibition of PG synthesis reduces autoregulatory
      compensation by about 60%.

PMID- 6587165
TI  - Inflammatory reaction in an experimental model of open wounds in the rat. The
      role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
AB  - The accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) and the concentration of
      prostaglandin E2 in full thickness open skin wounds, created in the back of the
      rat, were studied. The quantity of PMNLs in the granulation tissue, assessed by
      analysis of wound exudate myeloperoxidase activity, increased from 0.45 units/ml
      on day 1 after wounding to 0.8 units/ml on day 2 and then remained constant
      throughout the 5 days of observation. The prostaglandin E2 concentration in wound
      exudate was measured by radioimmunoassay increased progressively from 70 ng/ml on
      day 1 to 290 ng/ml on day 5. The lack of correlation between these two variables
      indicates that PMNLs were not the major source of prostaglandin E2. To study the
      relation between PMNL accumulation, blood flow, and albumin extravasation in the
      granulation tissue, rats were treated with an antineutrophil serum. This resulted
      in an 83% decrease in circulating PMNLs and a 61% decrease in granulation tissue
      myeloperoxidase activity on the 5th day, as compared with rats treated with
      normal rabbit serum. No relationship was observed between myeloperoxidase
      activity and blood flow (r = 0.37) or between myeloperoxidase activity and
      albumin extravasation (r = -0.34) when absolute values were compared. However,
      when interindividual variation in the absolute levels of the variable measured
      was eliminated, by calculating in each rat a left to right wound ratio, good
      correlations (r = 0.81 and r = 0.65, respectively) were found. It is suggested
      that blood flow and albumin extravasation in the granulation tissue are
      influenced by local PMNL accumulation.

PMID- 6587167
TI  - Comprehensive periodontal examination.

PMID- 6587168
TI  - Periodontal screening examination.

PMID- 6587166
TI  - Plasma and brain cholecystokinin levels in cancer anorexia.
AB  - The syndrome of cancer anorexia includes early satiety in man and a reduction in
      the duration of feeding in experimental animals. These aberrations suggest
      dysfunction of peripheral and/or central nervous system satiety mechanisms in
      tumor-bearing individuals. Since the gut peptide, cholecystokinin (CCK), has been
      implicated as a potent satiety cue in man and animals, plasma and brain
      concentrations of CCK were measured by radioimmunoassay in anorectic tumor
      bearing rats. Plasma concentrations of immunoreactive CCK were not significantly
      altered in either an acute Walker 256 carcinosarcoma or more chronic
      methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma animal model of cancer anorexia. However,
      levels of immunoreactive CCK were significantly reduced in the hypothalamus and
      cerebral cortex of animals bearing the methylcholanthrene sarcoma during both
      mild and severe anorexia. These data demonstrate that elevations in
      immunoreactive CCK are not a major factor in the etiology of cancer anorexia. If
      brain CCK is involved in satiety, tumor-bearing rats may be attempting to
      compensate for their anorexia by down-regulating CCK production.

PMID- 6587169
TI  - Effects of estriol on PGF2 alpha output by cultures of human endometrium and
      endometrial cells.
AB  - We have shown that the rate of release of PGF2 alpha by monolayer cultures of
      epithelial cells from proliferative endometrium is markedly elevated by addition
      of estradiol to the medium. In cultures maintained in HAM F-10 medium containing
      charcoal stripped calf serum, estradiol (10(-8) M) increased the levels of PGF2
      alpha several fold during the second and third days in culture. Similar responses
      were obtained with estradiol at 10(-10) M concentration. When this system was
      used to compare the effects of estradiol and estriol at equal concentrations (10(
      8) M), similar elevation (10-16-fold) of PGF2 alpha levels were noted during 3
      consecutive days in culture. When cultures of epithelial cells derived from
      secretory endometrium were used for these tests, estriol was as effective as than
      estradiol in elevating PGF2 alpha levels in the medium. When the effects of
      estradiol and estriol were compared using fragments of secretory endometrium in
      organ culture, the increases in PGF2 alpha levels noted in the medium were about
      equal (2- to 10-fold) for the two estrogens at the same concentration (10(9)
      10(8) M). Exposure of the tissue to either estradiol or estriol for only 1 h
      resulted in increases in PGF2 alpha output for the following 3 days. These
      results clearly show that estriol is as effective as estradiol in stimulating
      PGF2 alpha output by human endometrial tissue.

PMID- 6587170
TI  - Epiphyseal fractures in children treated for osteosarcoma of the femur with
      chemotherapy, tumourresection, and endoprosthesis: report of four fractures in
      two children.
AB  - This paper reports on two patients, who both were under treatment for
      osteosarcoma of the femur. Treatment consisted of chemotherapy, resection of the
      tumour, and reconstruction with an endoprosthesis . Both patients sustained an
      epiphyseal fracture on two occasions after a minor trauma. Careful observations
      of the x-rays, including tomography, reveals that a metaphyseal anomaly could be
      the cause of these fractures. It is suggested that these metaphyseal changes are
      caused by chemotherapeutic agents. All fractures healed well after a conservative
      treatment.

PMID- 6587172
TI  - Forensic dentistry's importance to practitioners.

PMID- 6587173
TI  - Fighting oral lesions with patient's own immune response.

PMID- 6587171
TI  - Monoamine oxidase inhibitors in South American hallucinogenic plants: tryptamine
      and beta-carboline constituents of ayahuasca.
AB  - Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic beverage derived by boiling the bark of the
      Malpighiaceous liana Banisteriopsis caapi together with the leaves of various
      admixture plants, viz. Psychotria viridis, Psychotria carthagenensis , or
      Diplopterys cabrerana . B. caapi contains harmine, harmaline, and
      tetrahydroharmine while the admixtures contain N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). DMT,
      a potent hallucinogen, is inactive orally due to degradation by visceral
      monoamine oxidase (MAO). The beta-carbolines, however, are highly active
      reversible inhibitors of MAO and may protect the DMT from deamination by MAO and
      render it orally active. This mechanism has been proposed to underlie the oral
      activity of ayahuasca but has not been experimentally confirmed. In the present
      study the constituents of the admixture plants and the alkaloids of eight
      ayahuasca samples from Peru were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using
      two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high pressure liquid
      chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Several
      B. caapi cultivars were quantitatively compared for variations in alkaloid
      content. Three admixture plants used rarely in the manufacture of ayahuasca were
      also screened for alkaloids. A selected sample of beta-carbolines were screened
      for activity as MAO inhibitors using an in vitro assay system, and
      structure/activity relationships were compared. Inhibition observed with single
      compounds was compared with the activity of selected samples of ayahuasca which
      were screened in the system and also with the activity of mixtures of beta
      carbolines. The levels of DMT and beta-carbolines found in the ayahuasca samples
      examined in the present study were an order of magnitude greater than the levels
      reported in a previous study. Ayahuasca was found to be an extremely effective
      inhibitor of MAO in vitro and the degree of inhibition was directly correlated
      with the concentration of MAO-inhibiting beta-carbolines. Inhibition experiments
      using mixtures of beta-carbolines indicated that their effects in combination are
      additive, rather than synergistic or antagonistic. Implications of the results in
      understanding the pharmacology of ayahuasca are discussed.

PMID- 6587174
TI  - Rubber cup prophylaxis vs toothbrush cleaning.

PMID- 6587175
TI  - [Clostridium paraputrificum fulminant septicemia and gas gangrene disclosing
      acute promyelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6587176
TI  - Tumor-forming acute myeloid leukemia with facial paralysis.
AB  - A 55-year-old male with acute myeloid leukemia, which had been well controlled
      for 2 years, developed a sudden onset of facial palsy. Otologic examinations
      proved the right mastoid bone to be infiltrated by leukemic cells, which formed a
      nonchloroma to occlude the right external auditory canal. The precise site for
      the right facial paralysis by tumor formation was found in the intrastapedial
      region of peripheral portion of the right facial nerve. Regarding the tumor
      formation in myeloid leukemia, its frequency (particularly among Japanese
      subjects), complications (particularly in otologic field), possible pathogeneses,
      and treatments were discussed.

PMID- 6587177
TI  - In vitro antimycobacterial activity of a new antibacterial substance DL-8280-
      differentiation between some species of mycobacteria and related organisms by the
      DL-8280 susceptibility test.

PMID- 6587178
TI  - AMSA: a phase II trial in resistant and recurrent acute myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - 27 patients with resistant acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) were treated with
      AMSA. Three achieved a complete remission, and two a partial remission. Median
      survival for all patients was 12 weeks and was 16 weeks for responders.

PMID- 6587179
TI  - Early deaths in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): results of the Italian
      Pediatric Cooperative Group for Therapy of Acute Leukemia (AIL-AIEOP).
AB  - In this retrospective multicentric study, we report on early deaths (ie, those
      that occurred during the first month of treatment) in a total of 943 newly
      diagnosed ALL pediatric patients registered from 1976 to 1981 at 21 centers of
      the AIL- AIEOP . Objectives of this study were as follows: (1) to verify the
      incidence and the cause of early death in a wide population of children with ALL
      and (2) to elucidate factors associated with early death and therefore to
      identify "high-risk" groups of patients. Out of the 943 ALL patients, 39 (4.1%)
      early deaths were registered. Main causes were infection, 20 patients (51.3%);
      hemorrhage, 11 patients (28.3%); uric acid nephropathy, 2 patients (5.1%);
      cardiac failure, 3 patients (7.6%); syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic
      hormone secretion, 1 patient. Two patients died during the first week of unknown
      cause. Thirteen factors measured at diagnosis and possibly influencing the early
      death rate were analyzed. Using the chi-square test, only three of these factors
      (age, mediastinum status, surface markers) appear to have any significant
      influence on the early death rate. We also tried to determine how therapy
      influences this process by analyzing variations in the early death rate, other
      factors being equal. Significant differences in the early death rates were
      encountered in AIEOP protocols using different induction regimens.

PMID- 6587181
TI  - Dental identification in mass disasters: a case study.

PMID- 6587180
TI  - [2 cases of acute leukemia (lymphoblastic and monocytic) with rheumatoid-like
      appearance].

PMID- 6587182
TI  - The T.M.J. center: filling a gap in chronic pain treatment.

PMID- 6587183
TI  - [Pulmonary metastases from osteosarcoma].
AB  - On the basis of prognosis in conjunction with tumor behavior, 22 patients with
      pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma who had a systematic with combination of
      surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy were compared with thirteen patients treated
      randomly in the initial period. The thirteen patients had median survival of 5
      months with median tumor-free interval of 6 months. Six of the twenty two
      patients, however, are alive and 16 had median survival of 15 months with median
      tumor-free interval of 14 months. In 20 of the twenty two treated with repeated
      or bilateral thoracotomies, there was a correlation between decrease number of
      metastatic lesions with number of thoracotomies and survival. Wedge excision
      performed repeatedly produced only minimal loss of vital capacity, compared with
      lobectomy. Dn bloc resection of pericardium, chest wall, and diaphragm enhanced
      no survival. The patients with tumor-free interval of greater than 8 months
      survived or succumbed to the disease and was associated with mitotic ratio of
      more than 10 or less. Both of chest X-ray and CT scan had a positive diagnostic
      rate of 41% and 67%, respectively. Currently, we conclude that modified Thomfold
      's indication is applicable to the patient with pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma
      with bilateral or multiple nodules and more than 8 months of tumor-free interval.

PMID- 6587184
TI  - 5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine. Metabolism and effects on cell lethality studied with
      human leukemic cells in vitro.
AB  - 5-Methylcytosine ( 5MeCyt ) is a possible regulator of eukaryotic gene
      transcription. We investigated whether this compound could be introduced into DNA
      from exogenous deoxyribonucleoside 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine ( 5MedCyd ). High
      concentrations of 5MedCyd inhibited the growth of several types of human leukemic
      cell lines in vitro. However, the effect could be accounted for by dThd, a
      deamination product of 5MedCyd . We found that radioactivity from [methyl-14C]
      5MedCyd and [2-14C] 5MedCyd was incorporated into DNA as thymidylate, and none
      was present as 5MeCyt . There are two conceivable metabolic pathways from 5MedCyd
      to thymidylate. The first consists of deoxycytidine or thymidine kinase and
      deoxycytidylate deaminase, and the second of sequential reactions catalyzed by
      deoxycytidine deaminase and thymidine kinase. No indication of the first pathway
      was demonstrable in human leukemic cells. We conclude that the DNA exclusion of
      5MeCyt from exogenous 5MedCyd takes place because of powerful deoxycytidine
      deaminase activity in human malignant hematopoietic cells.

PMID- 6587185
TI  - Genetic engineering: Rifkin wins interim injunction.

PMID- 6587186
TI  - Anatomy of a pressure group.

PMID- 6587187
TI  - Synthesis of biologically active rat transforming growth factor I.
AB  - The hypothesis that some transformed cells produce endogenous transforming growth
      factors (TGFs) has been supported by isolation of peptide factors from
      transformed cells. One group of TGFs, TGF-I, produced only by transformed cells,
      displays sequence homology with the functionally related mouse submaxillary
      epidermal growth factor ( mEGF ). Both TGF-I and mEGF exhibit similar activities
      in competition for binding to the EGF receptor, stimulation of DNA synthesis and
      cell growth. Another group of TGFs, TGF-II (also known as TGF beta), present both
      in normal and transformed cells, is structurally and functionally unrelated to
      TGF-I or EGF, and does not compete for binding to the EGF receptor or induce cell
      growth. However, TGF-I or EGF in the presence of TGF-II produces a synergistic
      effect that is responsible for the observed phenotypic transformation of NRK
      fibroblasts. The complete amino acid sequence of rat TGF-I ( rTGF -I) from
      transformed Fischer rat embryo fibroblasts, has recently been determined. Using
      this proposed sequence, we have now prepared synthetic rTGF -I by the solid-phase
      synthesis method and find that it exhibits chemical and biological properties
      indistinguishable from those of natural rTGF -I. Since synthetic rTGF -I is free
      of any biological contaminants, our findings provide independent evidence that
      rTGF -I is an active principle in the transformation of cells.

PMID- 6587188
TI  - Administration hints at clampdown on biotechnology exports.

PMID- 6587189
TI  - Genetic engineering: picking up the pieces.

PMID- 6587190
TI  - US genetic regulations: bacterial field trial to go ahead.

PMID- 6587191
TI  - Accumulation of a heat shock-like protein during differentiation of human
      erythroid cell line K562.
AB  - The human erythroid cell line K562 provides a model system for studying erythroid
      differentiation and eukaryotic gene regulation. These cells express glycophorin
      A, spectrin and i antigen. They accumulate embryonic and fetal haemoglobins on
      induction of erythroid differentiation with haemin, sodium butyrate or
      hydroxyurea. In the present study, the protein composition of K562 cells during
      haemin-mediated induction of erythroid maturation was analysed by two-dimensional
      gel electrophoresis. Under conditions in which haemin did not effect cell
      viability and proliferation, a protein of approximately 70,000 molecular weight
      (MW) accumulated in the differentiated K562 cells. The accumulation appears to be
      due to an increase in the rate of RNA synthesis for this protein. The protein is
      related in sequence to a 70,000-MW heat shock protein. An antigenically related
      protein was also demonstrated in human bone marrow and accumulates at particular
      stages of human erythroid maturation.

PMID- 6587193
TI  - Premarital legal requirements.

PMID- 6587192
TI  - Thrombolytic therapy.

PMID- 6587194
TI  - Mimi, Violetta and the "captain of all the men of death" INH (isoniazid)
      poisoning.

PMID- 6587195
TI  - When is a stomach bubble not a stomach bubble? Answer: when it is an abscess!

PMID- 6587196
TI  - When is a drug side effect a therapeutic effect?

PMID- 6587197
TI  - [Reduction of the alveolar process].

PMID- 6587198
TI  - [Juvenile periodontitis (periodontosis)].

PMID- 6587199
TI  - [The follicular cyst. Epithelial differentiation and age].

PMID- 6587200
TI  - [A view of the innovations in dental education].

PMID- 6587201
TI  - [Child dental services in Suriname. I].

PMID- 6587202
TI  - Malignant anorexia after nitrosourea therapy: case report.
AB  - A case of malignant anorexia associated with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea
      (BCNU) chemotherapy is recorded. mechanisms for the anorexia of the malignant
      glioma patient are discussed as they relate to patient management.

PMID- 6587204
TI  - Solitary chloroma.

PMID- 6587203
TI  - Disorders of arousal in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.
AB  - Disorders of arousal (somnambulism and night terrors) were significantly more
      common among children with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (n = 57) than among
      children with seizure disorders (n = 58) or learning disabilities (n = 53).
      Neurohumoral disturbances may account for the differences.

PMID- 6587205
TI  - Public and private hospital services: a contribution to the debate.

PMID- 6587206
TI  - Eating disorders: a teen-age epidemic.
AB  - This article presents a personal and professional view of two eating disorders
      that are presently affecting large numbers of adolescents and young adults
      throughout the country. Bulimia and anorexia nervosa may be prevented and treated
      if the public receives sufficient and appropriate education.

PMID- 6587207
TI  - Intercensal trends in cigarette smoking by New Zealand doctors and nurses.
AB  - The proportion of cigarette smokers has fallen in male doctors from 20% in 1976
      to 15% in 1981 and in female doctors from 17% to 13%. The same trends have also
      occurred in nurses with a reduction from 49% to 39% in men and from 36% to 31% in
      women. Smoking rates remain high among female psychiatric nurses (46%) and male
      general nurses (48%). Only 10% of all doctors under 24 years are smokers. Among
      general practitioners, the proportion of smokers has fallen from 21% to 14% and
      among surgeons from 22% to 13%. If present trends continue, a generation of non
      smoking doctors may be expected by the year 2000. Both doctors and nurses have
      accepted their role as exemplars and made significant reductions in their level
      of smoking.

PMID- 6587208
TI  - The lame brain at the crossroads: which therapeutic road?

PMID- 6587209
TI  - Population trends and health.

PMID- 6587210
TI  - Vision care in New Zealand.
AB  - This paper reports the results of a study into attitudes on vision care, vision
      care professionals and the utilisation of various ophthalmic aids and appliances
      in New Zealand. The majority (70%) of the 2000 persons questioned had received a
      visual examination by an optometrist or ophthalmologist and were either "very
      satisfied" or "satisfied" with the treatment they obtained. Of those that had had
      a recent visual examination, ophthalmologists examined 22% and optometrists
      examined 72%. Three percent of the total sample (ie, 8% of ophthalmologists'
      patients) had received surgical or medical treatment at their last examination.
      Sixty-six percent reported that they did not have any of the visual or ocular
      problems listed. Of the remaining 34% who were currently having problems, 64% had
      not sought professional advice for that problem. Of the remainder that had sought
      some advice, approximately equal numbers had visited a general medical
      practitioner (11%) or optometrist (12%) and 5% had seen an ophthalmologist. For
      those without problems, 42% said they would visit their general medical
      practitioner and 41% said they would visit an optometrist if they were to develop
      any of the problems listed. For respondents that had either private medical
      insurance or would consider joining such a scheme, about 78% would prefer a
      policy with optometric benefits at the premiums quoted.

PMID- 6587211
TI  - Acupuncture.

PMID- 6587212
TI  - Management of hypercholesterolaemia and cholestyramine.

PMID- 6587213
TI  - Seatbelts and child restraints.

PMID- 6587214
TI  - In vitro fertilisation and artificial insemination by donor.

PMID- 6587215
TI  - Sedative/hypnotic drug prescriptions.

PMID- 6587216
TI  - Amnesty International--campaign against torture.

PMID- 6587217
TI  - Coronary artery surgery.

PMID- 6587218
TI  - Ototoxicity of metronidazole.

PMID- 6587219
TI  - Magnesium and potassium depletion in patients with cancer.

PMID- 6587220
TI  - Intercensal trends in cigarette smoking in New Zealand 1: age, sex and ethnic
      status.
AB  - The 1981 New Zealand census has shown that since 1976 the proportion of cigarette
      smokers has fallen from 40% to 35% in men and from 32% to 29% in women. In men,
      there has been a reduction in smoking in every age group, but in women smoking
      has increased in those aged 20-24 and 70-74 years. More girls aged 15-19 years
      are smokers than boys. Maori rates of smoking are much higher than other ethnic
      groups but since 1976 there has been a considerable reduction in the proportion
      of Maori men and women who smoke. The important exception is that smoking by
      Maori women aged 20-24 years has increased to very high levels (70%). Almost half
      the men and a third of the women who smoke consume 20 or more cigarettes a day.
      The average number of cigarettes smoked per day has fallen since the 1976 census
      to 18 for men and 14 for women. From 1976 to 1981, the prevalence of smoking in
      New Zealand has shown a considerable reduction in non-Maori and Maori men and
      women of most ages, except for younger women.

PMID- 6587221
TI  - Insulin resistance with acanthosis nigricans and acral hypertrophy.
AB  - Two patients are described with obesity, acanthosis nigricans, acral hypertrophy,
      basal hyperinsulinism and exaggerated insulin responses to oral glucose. One
      patient, a diabetic female showed features of virilisation due to polycystic
      ovarian disease and underwent gonadectomy with some resolution of her
      androgenisation and acanthosis nigricans. Binding of labelled insulin to
      erythrocytes was significantly decreased in both patients compared with normal or
      obese control subjects. In contrast, the receptor concentration in adipose tissue
      obtained from the patient undergoing gonadectomy was higher than seen in obese
      control subjects. Thus, somatic growth may be stimulated by insulin in some
      tissues in these hyperinsulinaemic patients due to relative preservation of
      receptor numbers.

PMID- 6587222
TI  - Acute renal failure and polymyositis: case report.
AB  - Acute renal failure is a rare complication of acute polymyositis. We describe the
      first case noted in New Zealand and demonstrate the occasional serious nature of
      this disease and the role of corticosteroids in its management.

PMID- 6587223
TI  - A viewpoint on Maori health.

PMID- 6587224
TI  - The fractured nose: late results of closed manipulation.
AB  - The standard treatment in ENT and plastic surgical departments of a fractured
      nose is closed manipulation. Two recent retrospective studies have cast doubt on
      the value of this manoeuvre. This review of 70 patients between one and three
      years following injury shows that only 26% had a normal appearance and 48% had
      normal function. The presence of a septal fracture is of prime importance in
      determining the outcome.

PMID- 6587225
TI  - A simple test for correct intravenous placement of the intravenous cannula for
      peripheral veins.

PMID- 6587226
TI  - Screening for congenital hypothyroidism.

PMID- 6587227
TI  - Acute renal failure following near drowning in salt water.
AB  - Two young men swallowed and inhaled salt water, suffered cold exposure and an
      undertermined degree of body trauma, in separate incidents. Severe acute oliguric
      renal failure followed in both, requiring dialytic therapy. Single needle
      subclavian intermittent haemodialysis allowed ambulatory outpatient management.
      The risk of acute renal failure following even brief sea water immersion is
      emphasised and the value of ambulant subclavian haemodialysis in the management
      of acute renal failure illustrated.

PMID- 6587228
TI  - Septic abortion in Wellington 1960-1979.
AB  - A retrospective analysis was made of 283 cases of septic abortion admitted to
      Wellington Hospital from 1960-1979. There was a substantial reduction in the
      annual numbers of admissions occurring at the end of the study period compared
      with the beginning. Morbidity as measured by hospital stay, haemorrhage and
      septicaemia also fell. Possible causes for the reduction are discussed.

PMID- 6587229
TI  - Primary sclerosing cholangitis.
AB  - Six patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis are described. It is an uncommon
      disease of uncertain aetiology following an unpredictable course but often
      progresses to secondary biliary cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and premature
      death from liver failure. Ulcerative colitis is commonly associated with primary
      sclerosing cholangitis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography is the
      investigation of choice. Liver biopsy may support the diagnosis but is not
      pathognomonic. There is no effective treatment but symptoms may be controlled.

PMID- 6587230
TI  - Measuring a patient's quality of life.

PMID- 6587231
TI  - What influences our prescribing?--Some non-pharmacological issues.

PMID- 6587232
TI  - First aid kits in the workplace.

PMID- 6587233
TI  - Abortion.

PMID- 6587234
TI  - Facts about AIDS.

PMID- 6587235
TI  - Nurses need to know more about alcoholism.

PMID- 6587236
TI  - Teenage drinking ignored by adults.

PMID- 6587238
TI  - Caring for AIDS patients.

PMID- 6587237
TI  - Industrial representation of nurses over the past 75 years.

PMID- 6587239
TI  - Southland's ordeal.

PMID- 6587240
TI  - [3-dimensional morphological study of the face (using cephalography)].

PMID- 6587241
TI  - [A morphological and developmental study of the teeth in Plecoglossus altivelis].

PMID- 6587242
TI  - [Studies of bruxism during sleep. Comparisons of electromyograms,
      electroencephalograms, electro-oculograms, electrocardiograms, respirograms,
      psychoendocrine responses and clinical findings taken before, during, and after
      experimental occlusal interference].

PMID- 6587243
TI  - [The ultrastructure of the teeth in amphibia. (1: Compared larval types with
      metamorphosis types)].

PMID- 6587244
TI  - [A histological study of the Phrynosoma douglassi tongue].

PMID- 6587245
TI  - [Vertical influence of dentofacial growth in maxillary protrusion].

PMID- 6587246
TI  - [Hard and soft tissue contour changes in maxillary protrusion cases treated with
      the Begg technic].

PMID- 6587247
TI  - [The function of microdissected segmental cells of the submandibular gland of
      rats. II. Uptake of 3H-leucine in the rat submandibular gland].

PMID- 6587248
TI  - [The effect of phenol on cultured L cells studied by scanning electron
      microscopy].

PMID- 6587249
TI  - [Comparison of the action of 3 organic solvents on cultured cells].

PMID- 6587250
TI  - [SEM observations of alveolar bone structure].

PMID- 6587251
TI  - [Electron microscopy studies on the myoepithelial cells of the submandibular
      gland of the musk shrew, Suncus murinus].

PMID- 6587253
TI  - [The ultrastructure of early odontogenesis in the dog salmon, Oncorhynchus keta].

PMID- 6587252
TI  - [A case of a paradental cyst near the mandibular wisdom tooth].

PMID- 6587254
TI  - [2 anomalous cases found in the extensor muscles of the forearm].

PMID- 6587255
TI  - [Inhibitory effect of saliva on the degradation of gelatin. The fall in viscosity
      of the gelatin solution].

PMID- 6587256
TI  - [The ultrastructure of teeth in amphibia (2. A comparison of Japanese newts
      during growth)].

PMID- 6587257
TI  - [Dental health in a group of 6-year-olds followed since the age of 3].

PMID- 6587258
TI  - [Chemical analysis of human salivary mucin clots obtained by several
      precipitation methods and soluble fractions in guanidine hydrochloride solution].

PMID- 6587259
TI  - [Acid-base metabolism of saliva-sediment microorganisms in an acidic and basic
      supernatant of heated saliva].

PMID- 6587260
TI  - [Analysis of proteins in incubated whole human saliva by isoelectric focusing].

PMID- 6587261
TI  - [Effect of phenol on cultured cells. Effects on HeLa cells].

PMID- 6587262
TI  - [Isolation and chemical properties of acidic proteins in whole human saliva].

PMID- 6587263
TI  - [An electron microscopy study of the tongue in Onychodactylus japonicus. (Its
      mode of living before the disappearance of gills)].

PMID- 6587264
TI  - [The effect of fluoride on guinea pig peritoneal macrophages].

PMID- 6587266
TI  - [A histological study of the Varanus selebes tongue].

PMID- 6587265
TI  - [Analysis of trace metals in human teeth. II. Determination of manganese in human
      deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6587267
TI  - [An anatomical study of the Japalura swinhoni tooth].

PMID- 6587269
TI  - [The longevity of Japanese dentists].

PMID- 6587268
TI  - [Effect of dexamethasone on the growth of tooth germs].

PMID- 6587270
TI  - [Effect of dexamethasone on cultured chondrocytes].

PMID- 6587272
TI  - Ethics in dentistry: devising a code for all reasons.

PMID- 6587271
TI  - Update on community water fluoridation in Ohio.

PMID- 6587273
TI  - ADA Principles of Ethics and Code of Professional Conduct adopted by the Ohio
      Dental Association as its code.

PMID- 6587274
TI  - Parameters and goals for teaching ethics.

PMID- 6587275
TI  - Dental caries and immunity: prospects for a vaccine.

PMID- 6587278
TI  - Dentistry rejects advertising.

PMID- 6587276
TI  - Functional responses of tumor cells to phorbol esters: role for prostaglandins.
AB  - The effects of phorbol esters on five murine cell lines were examined. In three
      of these lines, all of which were highly malignant, phorbol ester treatment
      induced motility and foreign surface adherence while concomitantly inhibiting
      proliferation. In two other, nonmalignant cell lines phorbol ester treatment
      stimulated proliferation but did not influence motility or adherence. Possible
      roles for prostaglandins in these responses were investigated. The mitogenic
      effects of the phorbol esters were duplicated by prostaglandin F2 alpha. In
      contrast, prostaglandin E1 and prostacyclin inhibited proliferation induced by
      the phorbol esters. These agents also inhibited phorbol ester-induced cell
      motility.

PMID- 6587277
TI  - What is the SSD?

PMID- 6587279
TI  - Learn before you buy: what you should know about buying a phone system.

PMID- 6587280
TI  - Features to look for in an office copier.

PMID- 6587281
TI  - Current dental materials. Part 2: Cements.

PMID- 6587283
TI  - Public health dentists play special role.

PMID- 6587282
TI  - Burning mouth: a review and update.

PMID- 6587284
TI  - Negligence--the Damoclean sword.

PMID- 6587285
TI  - Use of composites in the treatment of lost vertical dimension.

PMID- 6587286
TI  - Traumatically intruded permanent incisors.

PMID- 6587287
TI  - Orthodontic closure of extraction spaces.

PMID- 6587288
TI  - Malpractice--juries no longer barred from the courtroom.

PMID- 6587289
TI  - Circadian information and messages in the modified photoreceptor cells of the
      avian pineal organ: retrospect and prospect.
AB  - The modified photoreceptor cell (MP), homologous to the cone-like photoreceptor,
      is the principal cell type of the avian pineal organ. Two types of secretions
      (indoles and specific proteins-- pinealins ) are produced in this polarized cell.
      The synthesis of indoles undergoes striking circadian and circannual changes. MP
      appear to be receptoneuroendocrine cells which transduce circadian information
      into 5- methoxyindolic (melatonin, 5-methoxytryptophol, 5-methoxytryptamine) and
      possibly peptidic neurohormones. Taking into account different stages of
      differentiation and/or different physiological states (due to cyclic changes) for
      MP, several mechanisms of transduction of photoperiodic inputs into circadian
      hormonal outputs have been hypothesized.

PMID- 6587290
TI  - The relationship between breakfast and snacking and the incidence of dental
      caries.

PMID- 6587291
TI  - Central traumatic neuroma of the mandible.

PMID- 6587292
TI  - The purchase and sale of a practice.

PMID- 6587293
TI  - Mercury: a factor in mental disease? Part 2. A review of the literature.

PMID- 6587294
TI  - Vascular considerations in orthognathic surgery. I. Mandibular osteotomies.
AB  - Numerous studies have been conducted on the vasculature of the mandible and the
      effects of its surgical alteration. These illustrations have improved our
      knowledge considerably. However, much additional information regarding the
      effects of orthognathic surgery upon the vasculature of the mandible is essential
      before various mandibular surgical procedures can be casually and categorically
      stated to be biologically sound. In this article several germane issues regarding
      vascular considerations in mandibular orthognathic surgery are discussed: (1)
      What are the shortcomings of published studies addressing the effects of
      orthognathic surgery on the vascular supply to the mandible and/or the maxilla?
      (2) What are the potential sequelae of vascular compromise? (3) What is the
      vascular supply to the mandible? (4) What recommendations are there for
      minimizing vascular compromise in mandibular orthognathic surgery? In Part II of
      the study these issues will be discussed as they relate to maxillary orthognathic
      surgery.

PMID- 6587295
TI  - Orbital decompression by midfacial advancement. Report of two cases.
AB  - Patients with midfacial deficiency and exorbitism may pose a difficult challenge
      for orbital decompression. This article presents a review of the literature and
      discusses patient assessment, treatment planning, and surgical approaches to
      correction. Two cases are reported, demonstrating orbital decompression by
      midfacial advancement via the classic LeFort III osteotomy and a modified LeFort
      III osteotomy.

PMID- 6587296
TI  - Comparative efficacy of fenoprofen calcium and zomepirac sodium in postsurgical
      dental pain.
AB  - The relative analgesic efficacy of zomepirac sodium 100 mg and fenoprofen calcium
      200 mg was evaluated in patients with pain due to surgical removal of dental
      impactions. This is the first study to make a direct comparison of their
      effectiveness. This study is especially important since zomepirac sodium was
      recently removed from the market as an analgesic for acute pain. Zomepirac sodium
      was extremely popular among clinicians and was considered the most effective of
      the peripherally acting analgesics. Patients were requested to take a single dose
      of study medication when they had moderate to severe pain. The study medications
      were identical in appearance and randomly allocated under double-blind
      conditions. The medication was evaluated over the next 4 hours according to
      subjective analgesic measurement scales. The primary measures of efficacy
      included total pain relief ( TOTPAR ), sum pain intensity difference ( SPID ),
      overall evaluation, and time to remedication . Of the 136 patients entered, 117
      were included in the efficacy analysis. Both active agents demonstrated marked
      superiority to placebo (p less than 0.001) for all efficacy measures but were
      inseparable from each other. The mean analgesic efficacy values for both
      zomepirac sodium and fenoprofen calcium were almost identical. The nineteen
      subjects who reported side effects were evenly distributed among the three
      groups. No serious side effects occurred. The results of this study indicate that
      fenoprofen calcium 200 mg and zomepirac sodium 100 mg are equally efficacious,
      with similar onset, peak, and total analgesic effects.

PMID- 6587297
TI  - Pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and cervical emphysema following mandibular
      fractures.
AB  - Subcutaneous emphysema of the neck and pneumomediastinum following facial trauma
      in the absence of neck, chest, or abdominal injuries is a rare entity. A case
      report of bilateral cervical subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, and
      pneumomediastinum secondary to mandibular fractures is presented. The anatomic
      mechanism of injury, diagnosis, and treatment modalities are discussed.

PMID- 6587298
TI  - The use of an elimination diet in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulceration
      of the oral cavity.
AB  - The involvement of components of food in the causation of recurrent aphthous
      ulceration of the oral mucosa is controversial. To test the proposition,
      seventeen patients with RAU which had been resistant to other forms of treatment
      were studied with the aid of a strict elimination diet. Five patients abandoned
      the difficult diet, and of the remaining twelve there were five patients who had
      remission of RAU while on the diet. In four of these five patients a particular
      food was identified which, when eliminated from the normal diet, led to either
      marked improvement or resolution. The results of this study clearly indicate the
      participation of food components in the etiology of some cases of RAU .

PMID- 6587299
TI  - The nonsurgical treatment of microstomia in scleroderma: a pilot study.
AB  - A 6-month clinical trial with nine scleroderma patients compared two exercise
      programs for the nonsurgical treatment of the decreased oral opening (
      microstomia ). The experimental group employed three mouth-stretching exercises
      and a new oral augmentation exercise, using tongue depressors , to obtain a 5.6
      mm mean increased vertical oral opening. The controls used six currently
      recommended "facial grimacing " exercises for a 3.0 mm mean increase. When the
      controls used the experimental treatment, their mean improvement increased to 5.7
      mm. Although surgical correction of microstomia may be warranted, some reversal
      of this condition may be achieved with the aid of this new nonsurgical exercise
      program.

PMID- 6587300
TI  - Oral inverted ductal papilloma.

PMID- 6587301
TI  - Alveolar soft-part sarcoma of the tongue. Report of a case with electron
      microscopic study.
AB  - Light and electron microscopic findings of a case of alveolar soft-part sarcoma
      of the tongue in an 11-year-old girl are reported. Diastase-resistant PAS
      positive material was seen by light microscopy, while granules and crystals were
      observed by electron microscopy. Occasionally, some granules demonstrated a quasi
      crystalline structure.

PMID- 6587302
TI  - Focal epithelial hyperplasia. Report of nine cases from Sweden and review of the
      literature.
AB  - Nine cases of focal epithelial hyperplasia ( FEH ) from the northern part of
      Sweden are reported. Four of these occurred within the same Caucasian family. In
      one case FEH was diagnosed in a Laplander , ethnically related to Eskimos. The
      results of follow-up after surgical removal of the lesions are presented.

PMID- 6587303
TI  - Mandibular first molar with three distal canals.
AB  - A mandibular molar requiring root canal therapy was found with five canals, a
      mesial root, and two distal roots. The distobuccal root had two separate canals,
      and the distolingual root had but one. The bizarre aspects of this case are
      somewhat lessened because of the presence of the second distal root.
      Practitioners should not become excessively alarmed by the increasing reports of
      bizarre pulpal anatomy. However, knowledge of their existence may occasionally
      enable them to treat a case successfully that otherwise might have ended in
      failure.

PMID- 6587304
TI  - Replantation.

PMID- 6587305
TI  - Detection of proximal carious lesions: two-film versus four-film bitewing
      radiography.
AB  - The use of four posterior bitewing radiographs was compared with the use of two
      bitewing radiographs in fifty patients. The radiographs were evaluated with
      regard to the number of proximal carious lesions that could be detected and the
      number of technical errors in each technique. It was concluded that the four
      bitewing radiographic technique is easier to perform, produces fewer technical
      errors, and provides the clinician with more diagnostic information than the two
      bitewing radiographic method, and it is therefore recommended for routine
      radiographic examination.

PMID- 6587306
TI  - Radiographic characteristics of cystogenic ameloblastoma.
AB  - Radiographic patterns encountered in mandibular cystogenic ameloblastoma, a
      variant encountered among teen-agers and young adults, are described and
      correlated with age and recurrence after surgery. More than 75% of the cases are
      located in the posterior mandibular ramus area, and 50% are associated with an
      impacted third molar. The predominant radiographic patterns include unilocular
      and scalloped or macromultilocular pericoronal , interradicular , or periapical
      expansile radiolucencies.

PMID- 6587307
TI  - Median incisor fusion.

PMID- 6587308
TI  - Unusual malformed root.

PMID- 6587309
TI  - Bilateral impactions of all mandibular molars.

PMID- 6587310
TI  - [Lipid metabolism status of newborn infants of different gestational ages and
      birth weights--longitudinal study. II. Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and
      LDL/VLDL-cholesterol].

PMID- 6587311
TI  - Legionellosis in children with leukemia in relapse.
AB  - Two children with legionellosis complicating a relapse of acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia are reported. A 5-year-old boy with pneumonia had Legionella pneumophila
      cultured from a tracheal aspirate following a rapid deterioration in his
      respiratory status and intubation. This child had severe and irreversible
      granulocytopenia and died in spite of therapy with erythromycin and rifampin
      added five days later. Combination antimicrobial therapy is suggested for
      immunosuppressed children with legionellosis if resolution of neutropenia is not
      readily anticipated. Culture of Legionella sp from respiratory tract secretions
      or sputum, as reported for the first time in the pediatric literature, should be
      attempted in all children in whom this infection is suspected. A 13-year-old boy
      with pneumonia recovered in spite of therapy with antimicrobial agents not proven
      to be effective against the legionellae. Clinical improvement coincided with
      increase in absolute granulocyte count. A retrospective diagnosis was made when
      seroconversion to Legionella micdadei (less than 1:16 to 1:1,024) was determined
      during a survey of unselected sera from 255 hospitalized children. This is the
      first documented case of Pittsburgh pneumonia described in a child.

PMID- 6587312
TI  - Tics and vocalizations in children treated with carbamazepine.
AB  - Three patients are reported who, following the initiation of carbamazepine
      therapy for seizure control, either experienced the onset of Tourette's syndrome
      or a worsening of their tics and vocalizations. Blood levels of carbamazepine
      were within the therapeutic range, and no patient showed clinical signs of
      intoxication. Tics and vocalizations did not resolve following discontinuation of
      carbamazepine therapy. Carbamazepine may trigger the onset of Tourette's syndrome
      in susceptible patients.

PMID- 6587313
TI  - [A card index for the dentist with reference to its use in auditing procedures].

PMID- 6587314
TI  - [The assistant in the dental clinic on the "Street of the German Dentist" in
      Chiang Mai].

PMID- 6587315
TI  - [Hepatitis B vaccination and AIDS].

PMID- 6587316
TI  - [Practical diagnosis and therapy of emergencies in dental practice].

PMID- 6587317
TI  - Diary of a strike.

PMID- 6587318
TI  - Educational preparation for nursing practice: the competency model.

PMID- 6587319
TI  - Focus on impaired nurses.

PMID- 6587320
TI  - Interpreting the ANA code.

PMID- 6587321
TI  - CG dinucleotide clusters in MHC genes and in 5' demethylated genes.
AB  - In the DNA of higher vertebrates the dinucleotide CG is unique in two respects:
      it occurs far less frequently than would be expected on the basis of the content
      of cytosine and guanine in a given DNA segment ("CG suppression") and it contains
      predominantly 5-methyl-cytosine, the only modified nucleotide common in
      vertebrate DNA. Here we point out the existence of CG clusters, i.e. localized
      lapses in the usual CG suppression, in two categories of DNA segments from
      vertebrates: around the polymorphic exons of major histocompatibility complex
      (MHC) genes and in the 5' regions of certain other genes. These observations
      contradict the recent suggestion that CG frequency is uniform over long
      contiguous segments of DNA containing several genes. A model for the origin of
      these CG clusters as a consequence of regional demethylation of germline DNA is
      supported by analysis of other sequence features of these regions as well as by
      previously published data on the methylation status in sperm DNA of two of these
      CG-rich regions.

PMID- 6587322
TI  - Elimination of mRNA splicing by a point mutation outside the conserved GU at 5'
      splice sites.
AB  - Nearly all mRNA introns begin with the dinucleotide GU. Mutations in either of
      these virtually invariant bases have been found to inactivate the corresponding
      5' splice site. Until now single base changes in neighboring bases have not been
      found to completely inactivate a 5' splice site. Here we show that a single A---
      U transversion in the third position of the adenovirus 2 E1A 13S mRNA intron does
      prevent RNA splicing at the corresponding 5' splice site.

PMID- 6587324
TI  - Microleakage: a measure of the performance of direct filling materials.

PMID- 6587323
TI  - Construction and analysis of DNA sequence libraries from flow-sorted chromosomes:
      practical and theoretical considerations.
AB  - We describe the construction and analysis of recombinant DNA libraries
      representative of chromosomes 1 and 2 of Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus).
      Propidium-iodide stained chromosomes were purified by flow cytometric analysis
      and sorting, and EcoRI digests of purified DNA were cloned into the bacteriophage
      vector Charon 4A. These libraries contain DNA complementary to 63% and 69% of
      nick-translated DNA derived from flow-purified chromosomes 1 and 2, respectively.
      However, sequences complementary to only 24% and 35% of a total Chinese hamster
      genomic DNA tracer were hybridized in parallel renaturation experiments. The
      chromosome 2 library contained DNA sequences encoding dihydrofolate reductase
      (dhfr), a gene previously mapped to Chinese hamster chromosome 2. No sequences
      complementary to dhfr were found in the library constructed from chromosome 1
      DNA. These analyses are discussed with regard to the current limitations and
      future strategies for the construction of chromosome-specific DNA sequence
      libraries of high purity and completeness.

PMID- 6587325
TI  - Teaching gold castings in north American dental schools.

PMID- 6587326
TI  - Effectiveness of three cavity varnishes in reducing leakage of a high-copper
      amalgam.

PMID- 6587327
TI  - Modified cavity preparations for composite resins in primary molars.

PMID- 6587328
TI  - Cementum and epithelial attachment response to the sulcular and periodontal
      ligament injection techniques.

PMID- 6587329
TI  - A child-oriented philosophy of dental management.

PMID- 6587330
TI  - Smokeless tobacco: a potential health hazard for children.

PMID- 6587331
TI  - A two-step separation technique for fused teeth: clinical report.

PMID- 6587332
TI  - American Burkitt's lymphoma: report of a case with involvement of the jaws.

PMID- 6587333
TI  - Anaphylactoid reaction to vancomycin during general anesthesia in a child
      patient.

PMID- 6587334
TI  - Rapid correction of a simple one-tooth anterior cross bite due to an over
      retained primary incisor: clinical report.

PMID- 6587335
TI  - In vitro prostaglandin E2 stimulation of 45Ca mobilization from chick bone.
AB  - The ability of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to mobilize 45Ca from chick embryo long
      bones was assayed in an in vitro bone culture system. Concentrations of PGE2
      tested ranged from 10(-9) to 10(-5) M. The PGE2 was effective in stimulating
      release of 45Ca from prelabelled bones at all concentrations tested except at 10(
      9) M. In addition, stimulation of 45Ca release could be produced daily for 4
      consecutive days of PGE2 culture-pulsing at what appeared to be the optimal PGE2
      concentration, 10(-7) M. We conclude, as in mammals, PGE2 is a potent stimulator
      of calcium mobilization from avian bone. The potential involvement of
      prostaglandins in eggshell formation is discussed.

PMID- 6587336
TI  - Topographical relationship between contact area and approximal caries.

PMID- 6587337
TI  - Uteroferrin has N-asparagine-linked high-mannose-type oligosaccharides that
      contain mannose 6-phosphate.
AB  - Uteroferrin is an iron-containing, progesterone-induced, acid phosphatase that is
      secreted in large amounts by the uterine endometrium of pigs. During pregnancy,
      it transports iron across the chorioallantois (placenta) for use in fetal
      hematopoiesis. In this paper, it is reported that uteroferrin synthesized by
      cultured endometrial explants possesses N-linked, high-mannose, oligosaccharide
      chains that contain 6- phosphomannose units. The latter is regarded as a possible
      recognition marker whereby acid hydrolases are targeted to the lysosome. On
      uteroferrin, however, the majority of the phosphate is in single diester linkages
      between the mannose and a covering N-acetylglucosamine. It is suggested that
      uteroferrin is a lysosomal enzyme that has assumed a role in iron transport and
      metabolism and is secreted because the covering N-acetylglucosamine is not
      removed.

PMID- 6587338
TI  - Two populations of prelysosomal structures transporting asialoglycoproteins in
      rat liver.
AB  - Analyses by differential centrifugation of liver homogenates from rats that had
      received 131I-labeled asialoorosomucoid showed that, 1 min after injection, most
      of the intracellular ligand was associated with a particle that did not sediment
      at 2.5 X 10(5) g-min. However, by 10 min, undigested ligand became associated
      with a particle that did sediment at this speed. On analytical
      ultracentrifugation in sucrose gradients, both kinds of particles exhibited low
      densities (1.11-1.13 g X ml-1). In contrast to asialoorosomucoid, 125I-labeled
      asialotransferrin type 3, under noncatabolic conditions, remained largely
      confined to the nonsedimenting particle regardless of the duration of the study.
      Induction of catabolism of asialotransferrin was accompanied by the appearance of
      the ligand in the sedimentable particle. The nonsedimentable particle was
      separated by immunoadsorption from other subcellular particles contained in the
      low-density subcellular fraction. The adsorbant , prepared by immobilizing
      purified antibodies to the Gal/GalN-specific lectin from rat liver on coated
      polyacrylamide beads, removed 75-80% of the asialoorosomucoid and transferrin
      binding capacities present, together with a similar portion of the radioligands
      tested (asialoorosomucoid, asialotransferrin type 3, and human diferric
      transferrin). Significantly, the sialytransferase activity remained unadsorbed.
      From these findings, the nonsedimentable particle appears to be involved in the
      transport of ligands destined to such diverse fates as exocytosis or lysosomal
      degradation. The sedimentable particle, on the other hand, seems to represent a
      link between the first particle and the lysosome.

PMID- 6587339
TI  - Occurrence of selenium-containing tRNAs in mouse leukemia cells.
AB  - Selenium incorporation into the polynucleotide structures of tRNAs has been
      documented in several microorganisms. In the present study, selenium-containing
      species were isolated from bulk tRNA preparations from 75Se-labeled mouse
      leukemia cells. The major 75Se-labeled species was similar in size and exhibited
      the same sensitivity to ribonuclease as did Escherichia coli tRNAs. The
      chromatographic properties of the intact major selenium-containing tRNA species
      indicated it to be very hydrophobic in character. The selenium component that is
      unstable at neutral-to-alkaline pH but is relatively stable at acid pH is not an
      esterified selenoamino acid. HPLC analysis of enzymic digests of the major
      selenium-containing species detected selenium-containing hydrophobic products
      (probably selenonucleosides ). These properties strongly suggest that the
      selenium in the mouse leukemia-cell tRNAs is present in the form of a selenium
      modified nucleoside.

PMID- 6587340
TI  - Differentiation of myoblast cell lines and biological methylation: 3
      deazaadenosine stimulates formation of multinucleated myofibers.
AB  - Treatment of myoblast cell lines with 3-deazaadenosine stimulates differentiation
      into myofibers. Myoblast clone L5/ 3B5 , which does not form myofibers after 6
      days in fusion medium, was stimulated to form myofibers after 5 days of culture
      in fusion medium containing 50 microM 3-deazaadenosine. Myoblast clone L5/ 3C4 ,
      which normally begins to form myofibers after 4 days in fusion medium, was
      stimulated by 50 microM 3-deazaadenosine to form myofibers after 3 days in
      culture and the extent of fusion was also increased. In the presence of 100
      microM homocysteine thiolactone, the concentration of 3-deazaadenosine that
      stimulated maximal fusion was reduced by a factor of 10, from 50 microM to 5
      microM 3-deazaadenosine. Stimulation of myofiber formation by 3-deazaadenosine
      suggests a requirement for one or more methylation reactions in myoblast
      differentiation and the potentiation by homocysteine thiolactone indicates that
      myofiber formation is specifically stimulated by an intracellular accumulation of
      3-deazaadenosylhomocysteine.

PMID- 6587342
TI  - Neurons with graded response have collective computational properties like those
      of two-state neurons.
AB  - A model for a large network of "neurons" with a graded response (or sigmoid input
      output relation) is studied. This deterministic system has collective properties
      in very close correspondence with the earlier stochastic model based on McCulloch
      - Pitts neurons. The content- addressable memory and other emergent collective
      properties of the original model also are present in the graded response model.
      The idea that such collective properties are used in biological systems is given
      added credence by the continued presence of such properties for more nearly
      biological "neurons." Collective analog electrical circuits of the kind described
      will certainly function. The collective states of the two models have a simple
      correspondence. The original model will continue to be useful for simulations,
      because its connection to graded response systems is established. Equations that
      include the effect of action potentials in the graded response system are also
      developed.

PMID- 6587341
TI  - DNA sequences required for the in vitro replication of adenovirus DNA.
AB  - Initiation of adenovirus (Ad) DNA replication occurs on viral DNA containing a 55
      kilodalton (kDa) protein at the 5' terminus of each viral DNA strand and on
      plasmid DNAs containing the origin of Ad replication but lacking the 55-kDa
      terminal protein (TP). Initiation of replication proceeds via the synthesis of a
      covalent complex between an 80-kDa precursor to the TP (pTP) and the 5'-terminal
      deoxynucleotide, dCMP. Formation of the covalent pTP-dCMP initiation complex with
      Ad DNA as the template requires the viral-encoded pTP and DNA polymerase and, in
      the presence of the Ad DNA binding protein, is dependent upon a 47-kDa host
      protein, nuclear factor I. Initiation of replication with recombinant plasmid
      templates requires the aforementioned proteins and an additional host protein,
      factor pL. Deletion mutants of the Ad DNA replication origin contained within the
      6.6-kilobase plasmid pLA1 were used to analyze the nucleotide sequences required
      for the formation and subsequent elongation of the pTP-dCMP initiation complex.
      The existence of two domains within the first 50 base pairs of the Ad genome,
      both of which are required for the efficient use of recombinant DNA molecules as
      templates in an in vitro DNA replication system, was demonstrated. The first
      domain, consisting of a 10-base-pair "core" sequence located at nucleotide
      positions 9-18, has been identified tentatively as a binding site for the pTP [
      Rijinders , A. W. M., van Bergen, B. G. M., van der Vliet , P. C. & Sussenbach ,
      J. S. (1983) Nucleic Acids Res. 11, 8777-8789]. The second domain, consisting of
      a 32-base-pair region spanning nucleotides 17-48, was shown to be essential for
      the binding of nuclear factor I.

PMID- 6587343
TI  - Different central nervous system cell types display distinct and nonrandom
      arrangements of satellite DNA sequences.
AB  - Paraformaldehyde-fixed tissue from mouse cerebellum was hybridized with biotin
      labeled satellite DNA for identification of centromeres. By using avidin
      peroxidase conjugates, it was possible to define the nuclear position of
      centromeres at the ultrastructural level. Three-dimensional analysis of well
      resolved centromere arrays were aided by computer reconstruction of serial
      sections. Different cell types displayed distinct, nonrandom centromere
      locations. In Purkinje neurons, the majority of detected sequences were clustered
      together around the central nucleolus, whereas in granule neurons, more numerous,
      dispersed centromere clusters were associated with the nuclear membrane. In
      Purkinje cells, peroxidase-labeled regions corresponded to dense heterochromatic
      aggregates were detected in Purkinje cells of several different species. These
      observations suggest that in these highly differentiated cells, the nuclear
      position of centromeres is maintained in evolution despite species differences in
      centromeric DNA sequence. Such defined ordering of centromeres may be integral to
      specific functional capacities.

PMID- 6587344
TI  - Potential use of biaromatic L-phenylalanyl derivatives as therapeutic agents in
      the treatment of sickle cell disease.
AB  - N-Phenylacetyl-L-phenylalanine (PAP) and L-phenylalanyl-3-aminopyridine ( PAPA )
      are biaromatic agents with properties that make them suitable candidates for the
      development of a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of sickle cell
      disease. PAP and PAPA are taken up by the erythrocyte to give intra
      /extracellular concentration ratios of 2.2 and 1.5, respectively, after a 2-hr
      exposure period. The intracellular buildup of PAP and PAPA produces moderate
      decreases in the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of 6 and 10%,
      respectively, at 3 mM and a further decline in MCHC with increased concentration.
      Both PAP and PAPA increase the deoxy-Hb S solubility, CS. If the solubility in
      the absence of the agent is COS, PAP and PAPA have CS/COS values of 1.21 and 1.14
      at 20 mM, respectively, compared with a value of 1.06 for L-phenylalanine itself.
      Filterability assays of partially dexygenated homozygous sickle cells shows an
      increase in cell flexibility of 7 to 16 times more than that of untreated cells
      when these agents are present at 3-6 mM. These results are largely due to the
      reduction in the Hb S polymer content of the treated cells. At 3 mM or less, both
      PAP and PAPA delay the onset of gelation in reversible sickle cells for time
      periods that are likely to be therapeutically useful.

PMID- 6587345
TI  - Dipyridamole inhibits reversion by thymidine of methotrexate effect and increases
      drug uptake in Sarcoma 180 cells.
AB  - The combined effect of methotrexate (MTX) with dipyridamole, an inhibitor of
      nucleoside transport, was studied in ascitic Sarcoma 180 cells. It was determined
      that 10 microM MTX inhibits by greater than 90% deoxy[3H]uridine incorporation
      into DNA and that this MTX concentration inhibits DNA synthesis as revealed by
      deoxy[3H]cytidine but not [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA. Exogenous
      thymidine (greater than or equal to 1 microM) in the cell culture medium enhances
      DNA synthesis in nontreated cells and fully restores it in MTX-treated cells,
      whereas hypoxanthine has no appreciable effect on DNA synthesis. Dipyridamole
      inhibits deoxy[3H]cytidine and [3H]thymidine uptake by these cells (IC50 = 0.2
      and 3 microM, respectively) and blocks the increase in TTP pool produced by 1
      microM thymidine in MTX-treated cells (23.1 +/- 4.7 pmol per 1 X 10(6) cells vs.
      80.4 +/- 18.9 pmol per 1 X 10(6) cells). Dipyridamole at 10 microM enhances
      [3H]MTX accumulation by Sarcoma 180 cells and diminishes the efflux of the drug
      in previously loaded cells. It is suggested that the combination of inhibitors of
      the de novo pathway for pyrimidine biosynthesis, such as MTX, with inhibitors of
      the salvage pathway, such as dipyridamole, may increase the cytotoxic activity of
      MTX alone.

PMID- 6587346
TI  - Autoantibodies to glucosylated proteins in the plasma of patients with diabetes
      mellitus.
AB  - Nonenzymatic glucosylation interferes with recognition of low density lipoprotein
      (LDL) by its receptor and markedly decreases the rate of plasma clearance of
      glucosylated LDL, both in experimental animals and in normal human subjects.
      However, in selected diabetic subjects we have observed a paradoxical increase in
      the clearance of glucosylated LDL, suggesting the possibility of immune-mediated
      clearance. Immunoassay demonstrated antibodies specific for glucosylated LDL in
      the preinjection plasma of each of four such diabetic subjects studied. These
      antibodies cross-react with other glucosylated proteins and recognize
      specifically the glucosylated lysine epitope--i.e., glucitollysine . These data
      suggest that nonenzymatic glucosylation of plasma or structural proteins may
      render them immunogenic and result in production of autoantibodies that recognize
      not only the particular immunogen but also many other glucosylated proteins,
      including glucosylated tissue proteins. These findings may be relevant to the
      increased prevalence of immune complexes in plasma of diabetic subjects and the
      late complications of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 6587347
TI  - 6-Deoxyacyclovir: a xanthine oxidase-activated prodrug of acyclovir.
AB  - Acyclovir [9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine] is an acyclic guanine nucleoside
      analogue that is widely used clinically as an antiherpetic agent. Its limited
      absorption in humans after oral administration prompted the search for prodrugs.
      A congener, referred to as 6- deoxyacyclovir [2-amino-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]
      9H-purine], was synthesized and found to be 18 times more water soluble than was
      acyclovir. Surprisingly, this congener was readily oxidized to acyclovir by
      xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2). It was also oxidized by aldehyde oxidase (EC
      1.2.3.1) largely to 8-hydroxy-6- deoxyacyclovir [2-amino-8-hydroxy-9-[(2
      hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-9H-purine] and then to 8- hydroxyacyclovir [2-amino-6,8
      dihydroxy-9[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-9H-purine]. 6- Deoxyacyclovir and the major
      products of its oxidation by aldehyde oxidase lacked appreciable activity against
      herpes simplex type I in vitro. On the basis of these results, it was apparent
      that the success of 6- deoxyacyclovir as a prodrug in vivo would depend upon how
      well its desired activation by xanthine oxidase competed with the nonactivating
      oxidations by aldehyde oxidase. In rats dosed orally with 6- deoxyacyclovir ,
      absorption was extensive and the major urinary metabolite was acyclovir. In two
      human volunteers, urinary excretions of acyclovir were 5-6 times greater than
      those typically observed after administration of equivalent doses of acyclovir
      itself. The areas under the plasma concentration-time curves for acyclovir were
      also 5-6 times greater. Plasma levels of acyclovir peaked soon after ingestion of
      the prodrug, indicating rapid absorption and metabolic conversion. These results
      suggested that 6- deoxyacyclovir might have clinical usefulness as a prodrug of
      acyclovir suitable for oral administration.

PMID- 6587348
TI  - Inhibition of Na+/Ca2+ exchange in membrane vesicle and papillary muscle
      preparations from guinea pig heart by analogs of amiloride.
AB  - Na+/Ca2+ exchange is inhibited in both guinea pig cardiac membrane vesicles and
      papillary muscles in a concentration-dependent fashion by several analogs of the
      pyrazine diuretic amiloride. Structure/activity studies based on transport
      measurements in vesicles prepared from guinea pig left ventricle indicate that
      hydrophobic substitutions at the terminal nitrogen atom of the guanidinium moiety
      of amiloride improved the inhibitory potency almost 100-fold over that of the
      parent compound. 3',4'- Dichlorobenzamil ( DCB ) is one of the most active
      inhibitors (IC50 = 17 microM). In electrically stimulated papillary muscles
      isolated from guinea pig heart, 10-40 microM DCB decreases contractile force. At
      100 microM inhibitor, diastolic tension is significantly increased. The positive
      inotropic responses to veratridine and ouabain are inhibited by 20 and 40 microM
      DCB . Since the responses to these interventions were a consequence of increased
      intracellular Na+ concentration, these data indicate that DCB is an inhibitor of
      Na+-dependent Ca2+ influx in the intact tissue. Interpretation of mechanical
      responses elicited by paired pulses suggests that 40 microM but not 100 microM
      DCB decreases release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The mechanical
      data obtained with concentrations of DCB that inhibited Na+/Ca2+ exchange in
      vesicles suggest that a significant amount of Ca2+ can enter the cardiac cell via
      Na+/Ca2+ exchange under normal conditions and that this transport system may be
      an important source of Ca2+ supplying the sarcoplasmic reticulum in guinea pig
      heart. Moreover, these amiloride analogs function as potent inhibitors of the
      positive inotropic effect caused by increased intracellular Na+ concentration.

PMID- 6587349
TI  - Epoxidation of olefins by cytochrome P-450 model compounds: mechanism of oxygen
      atom transfer.
AB  - The mechanism of the Mn(III) porphyrin-catalyzed epoxidation of olefins by
      lithium hypochlorite is examined. The active oxidant is thought to be a high
      valent manganese-oxo complex. It is shown that a relatively stable intermediate
      is reversibly formed upon interaction of the olefin and the oxo complex. The
      decomposition of this intermediate to Mn(III) porphyrin and epoxide is the rate
      determining step of the catalytic cycle. Some analogies to the biochemical
      epoxidation of olefins catalyzed by cytochrome P-450 are discussed.

PMID- 6587350
TI  - Nucleic acid-binding molecules with high affinity and base sequence specificity:
      intercalating agents covalently linked to oligodeoxynucleotides.
AB  - Oligodeoxyribonucleotides covalently linked to an intercalating agent via a
      polymethylene linker were synthesized. Oligothymidylates attached to an acridine
      dye (Acr) through the 3'-phosphate group [(Tp)n(CH2) mAcr ] specifically interact
      with the complementary sequence. The interaction is strongly stabilized by the
      intercalating agent. By using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, it is
      shown that complex formation between (Tp)n(CH2) mAcr and poly(rA) involves the
      formation of n A X T base pairs, where n is the number of thymines in the
      oligonucleotide. The acridine ring intercalates between A X T base pairs.
      Fluorescence excitation spectra reveal the existence of two environments for the
      acridine ring, whose relative contributions depend on the linker length (m). The
      binding of (Tp)4(CH2) mAcr to poly(rA) is analyzed in terms of site binding and
      cooperative interactions between oligonucleotides along the polynucleotide
      lattice. Thermodynamic parameters show that the covalent attachment of the
      acridine ring strongly stabilizes the binding of the oligonucleotide to its
      complementary sequence. The stabilization depends on the linker length; the
      compound with m = 5 gives a more stable complex than that with m = 3. These
      results open the way to the synthesis of a family of molecules exhibiting both
      high-affinity and high-specificity for a nucleic acid base sequence.

PMID- 6587351
TI  - Cathepsin D-mediated processing of procollagen: lysosomal enzyme involvement in
      secretory processing of procollagen.
AB  - The proteolytic removal of the extension COOH-terminal propeptide from
      procollagen has been examined in vitro. A crude enzyme activity was identified in
      a whole-chicken-embryo extract that acted at acid pH and appeared to be similar
      to one identified previously [Davidson, J. M., McEneany , L. S. G. & Bornstein ,
      P. (1979) Eur. J. Biochem. 100, 551-558]. This activity was inhibitable by
      pepstatin but not by leupeptin, suggesting that it might be cathepsin D.
      Cathepsin D was purified 907-fold from chicken livers by affinity chromatography
      on pepstatin-aminohexyl-Sepharose 4B and was found to remove the COOH propeptides
      from procollagen. At pH 6.0, the site of cleavage appeared to shift from the COOH
      telopeptide to the COOH telopeptide/propeptide junction, based upon the
      difference in electrophoretic migration of the cleavage products, although
      determining the actual cleavage site will require end-group analysis. A model for
      the involvement of cathepsin D in the in vivo processing of procollagen is
      presented.

PMID- 6587352
TI  - A simple topological method for describing stereoisomers of DNA catenanes and
      knots.
AB  - Although linking number is an effective topological invariant for describing
      supercoiled DNA, it is inadequate for the additional interwinding in catenated or
      knotted DNA. We explain how the two-bridge theory of Schubert provides a powerful
      yet simple method for analyzing these forms by associating them with two integral
      invariants, alpha and beta, that measure their geometric complexity. These
      integers can either be determined graphically or computed with the aid of
      standard tables, and they allow tabulation of all possible stereoisomers of a
      given knot or catenane . A complete classification can then be made via a simple
      theorem. Stereoisomers of representative knots and catenanes are tabulated for
      easy reference. There are four stereoisomers of regularly interlocked catenanes
      that we designate right-handed parallel, right-handed antiparallel, left-handed
      parallel, and left-handed antiparallel according to the helical intertwining of
      the rings. The biological processes that form catenanes --replication,
      recombination, and topoisomerase action--predict distinctly different isomers.

PMID- 6587353
TI  - Isolation and identification of a cDNA clone coding for rat uroporphyrinogen
      decarboxylase.
AB  - We have cloned and identified a DNA sequence complementary to the mRNA of
      uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase ( UroDCase ) from rat. This mRNA is a minor
      species (0.1%) of the total mRNA from anemic rat spleen. Poly(A)+ mRNA was
      enriched for UroDCase mRNA to 20% purity by a very efficient procedure involving
      two successive steps of preparative gel electrophoresis under various denaturing
      conditions. cDNA prepared from partially purified UroDCase mRNA (1% purity) was
      cloned in the Pst I site of pBR322 by using the homopolymeric G-C tailing method.
      Primary screening of 500 clones from this cDNA library was performed with a cDNA
      probe complementary to highly purified mRNA for UroDCase (20% purity) and
      UroDCase cDNA clones were finally identified by hybrid-selected translation. The
      rat cDNA clones obtained hybridize to human UroDCase mRNA. This will permit the
      isolation of the corresponding human gene and molecular analysis of porphyria
      cutanea tarda, the commonest type of porphyria.

PMID- 6587354
TI  - Signal recognition particle is required for co-translational insertion of
      cytochrome P-450 into microsomal membranes.
AB  - Insertion of newly synthesized P-450(1), the major phenobarbital-inducible form
      of rabbit liver microsomal cytochrome P-450, into microsomal membranes was
      studied in a wheat germ cell-free translation system programed with total RNA
      from the liver of a phenobarbital-treated rabbit. P-450(1) synthesized in vitro
      had the same molecular weight as the mature molecule and was co-translationally
      inserted into dog pancreas rough microsomal membranes. In the presence of salt
      washed microsomes, instead of unwashed ones, the insertion was greatly
      diminished. It could, however, be restored by supplementation of the system with
      purified signal recognition particle (SRP), a known component of the membrane
      translocation machinery for secretory proteins. In the absence of microsomes, SRP
      inhibited the translation of mRNA encoding P-450(1) and this translation arrest
      was released by the addition of salt-washed microsomes. On the other hand, SRP
      did not affect the translation of mRNAs encoding yeast porin and reticulocyte
      globin, which are mitochondrial and cytosolic proteins, respectively. We conclude
      that co-translational insertion of P-450(1) into microsomal membranes requires
      SRP and postulate that P-450(1) possesses an uncleavable signal sequence that can
      be recognized by SRP.

PMID- 6587355
TI  - Mechanisms of cytoplasmic pH regulation in hypoxic maize root tips and its role
      in survival under hypoxia.
AB  - We show that a transient lactic fermentation provides the signal triggering
      ethanol production in hypoxic maize root tips. The signal is cytoplasmic pH. This
      interaction between lactic and ethanolic fermentation permits tight cytoplasmic
      pH regulation during hypoxia--cytoplasmic pH remaining near neutrality for
      several hours. Mutant roots unable to synthesize ethanol can neither regulate
      cytoplasmic pH nor maintain ATP levels during extended periods of hypoxia and,
      like vertebrate tissues, are less tolerant of hypoxia than normal maize. This
      indicates that cytoplasmic pH regulation is an important factor in survival under
      hypoxia.

PMID- 6587356
TI  - Identification of a 34,000-dalton mitogenic protein associated with plasma
      membranes from human A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells.
AB  - We present evidence for a discrete 34,000-Da polypeptide with mitogenic activity,
      associated with plasma membranes from human A431 carcinoma cells. Plasma
      membranes from A431 cells are highly mitogenic for quiescent fibroblasts. A
      significant fraction of the membrane-associated activity can be released by
      treatment with a high concentration of salt and is relatively acid stable.
      Incubation of 125I-labeled salt-extracted proteins with target fibroblasts
      results in preferential binding of a 34,000-Da protein--i.e., greater than 90% of
      the cell-bound radioactivity is associated with the 34,000-Da polypeptide.
      Studies correlating the mitogenic activity with the cell-binding 34,000-Da
      protein indicate that this protein is the acid-stable, peripherally attached,
      mitogenically active component of A431 membranes. Available data suggest that
      this protein may be mitogenically active in the nanomolar concentration range.
      Some properties of this protein are described.

PMID- 6587357
TI  - Lampbrush loop-specific protein of Drosophila hydei.
AB  - By immunofluorescence techniques and protein blotting experiments we have shown
      that an antiserum specifically reacts with a Mr 80,000 protein (the "Ps protein")
      in the lampbrush loop " pseudonucleolus " in spermatocyte nuclei of Drosophila
      hydei. Comparative studies of X/Y and X/0 testes indicate that the gene encoding
      the Ps protein is not located on the Y chromosome but on an autosome or the X
      chromosome. The Ps protein is tissue specific. It is likely to be a rather
      conserved protein since the antigenic determinant recognized by the antiserum
      could be detected in the spermatocyte nuclei of a number of other Drosophila
      species. For those species with prominent Y chromosomal lampbrush loops, it could
      be shown that the cross-reaction is, as in D. hydei, associated with a specific Y
      chromosomal loop.

PMID- 6587358
TI  - Isolation of flagellated membrane vesicles from Caulobacter crescentus cells:
      evidence for functional differentiation of polar membrane domains.
AB  - An immunoaffinity chromatography procedure is described for the separation of
      membrane vesicles from Caulobacter crescentus cells into flagellated (polar)
      vesicles and nonflagellated (nonpolar) vesicles. Analysis by two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis shows that a number of proteins are associated primarily with
      either the polar or the nonpolar fraction, and this result suggests that the
      envelope of these cells is organized into at least two relatively stable domains.
      Radioimmunoassay also shows that the membrane pool of flagellin, which is known
      to behave as a precursor in the assembly of the flagellar filament, may be
      localized exclusively in the polar membrane domain. Thus, the results provide
      biochemical evidence for the structural and functional differentiation of the C.
      crescentus cell envelope. These findings are consistent with a model we proposed
      previously to explain the targeting of surface structures to the new cell pole of
      C. crescentus. The immunoadsorption approach described here should be useful in
      the further investigation of this problem, as well as in the fractionation of
      membrane domains with characteristic surface antigens in other systems.

PMID- 6587359
TI  - In vitro transformation of mesenchymal cells derived from embryonic muscle into
      cartilage in response to extracellular matrix components of bone.
AB  - Subcutaneous implantation of demineralized diaphyseal bone matrix into rats
      induces cartilage and bone formation in vivo. When minced skeletal muscle is
      cultured on hemicylinders of demineralized bone in vitro, mesenchymal cells are
      transformed into chondrocytes. In the present investigation, the potential of
      extracellular matrix components of bone to trigger cartilage differentiation in
      vitro was examined. Extraction of bone hemicylinders with 6 M guanidine X HCl
      resulted in the absence of chondrogenesis in vitro and endochondral bone
      formation in vivo. Biologically inactive hemicylinders of bone were then
      reconstituted with the guanidine extract and also with partially purified
      components extracted from bone matrix and bioassayed. Reconstitution completely
      restored the ability to elicit chondrogenesis in vitro and endochondral bone
      differentiation in vivo. Reconstitution of the whole guanidine extract on
      Millipore filters coated with gels of tendon collagen (type I) and subsequent
      culture with minced skeletal muscle also resulted in cartilage induction in
      vitro. These observations show that the extracellular matrix of bone is a
      repository of factors that govern local cartilage and bone differentiation.

PMID- 6587360
TI  - Effect of selenium deficiency on cuticle integrity in the Cladocera (Crustacea).
AB  - Daphnia pulex de Geer and Daphnia magna Straus populations cannot be maintained
      in defined (sensu stricto) media containing less than 0.1 part per billion (ppb)
      of selenium. A concentration of 1 ppb is sufficient to satisfy minimal needs in
      otherwise sufficient media. In the first generation with no selenium added to the
      medium or detected in it, media deficiency is shown by a premature cuticle
      deterioration visually similar to senescence, by progressive loss of distal
      segments of second antennae (primary swimming appendages), and by a shortened
      lifespan. No progeny attain reproductive maturity in the second generation.
      Although experimental animals in prime condition exhibit a shortened lifespan in
      the first generation maintained at 0.5 ppb selenium, culture lines can be
      maintained at 0.5 ppb for indefinite numbers of generations if established as
      young orthoclones . Tests in organic-rich media indicate a significant sparing
      effect of organic additions. This selenium requirement is reminiscent of that for
      the stability of feathers in domestic fowl.

PMID- 6587361
TI  - Strategies for multilocus linkage analysis in humans.
AB  - The increasing number of DNA polymorphisms characterized in humans will soon
      allow the construction of fine genetic maps of human chromosomes. This advance
      calls for a reexamination of current methodologies for linkage analysis by the
      family method. We have investigated the relative efficiency of two-point and
      three-point linkage tests for the detection of linkage and the estimation of
      recombination in a variety of situations. This led us to develop the computer
      program LINKAGE to perform multilocus linkage analysis. The investigation also
      enables us to propose a method of location scores for the efficient detection of
      linkage between a disease locus, or a new genetic marker, and a linkage group
      previously established from a reference panel of families. The method is
      illustrated by an application to simulated pedigree data in a situation akin to
      Duchenne muscular dystrophy. These results show that considerable economy and
      efficiency can be brought to the mapping endeavor by resorting to appropriate
      strategies of detecting linkage and by constructing the human genetic map on a
      common reference panel of families.

PMID- 6587363
TI  - Genes required for initiation and resolution steps of mating-type switching in
      fission yeast.
AB  - The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe switches mating type by transposition
      of a copy of DNA derived from either of the two storage cassettes, mat2 -P and
      mat3 -M, into the expression locus, mat1 . The recombinational event of switching
      is initiated by a double-stranded DNA break present in approximately 20% of the
      molecules at mat1 . Fifty-three mutants defective in switching of mating type
      have been isolated previously, and each has been assigned to 1 of 10 linkage
      groups. One group consists of cis-acting mutations at mat1 , which reduce the
      amount of the DNA double-strand cut. The remaining nine groups are mutations in
      genes that are unlinked to the mating-type locus and are studied here. Three (
      swi1 , -3, -7) are required for formation of the double-strand cut, whereas the
      others are not. Mutants of three genes ( swi4 , -8, -9) undergo high-frequency
      rearrangement of the mating-type locus indicative of errors of resolution of
      recombinational intermediates. The remaining three ( swi2 , -5, -6) have normal
      levels of cut, do not make errors of resolution, and possibly are required either
      for efficient utilization of the cut or determining the directionality of
      switching. The data suggest that the switching process can be dissected into
      genetically distinguishable steps.

PMID- 6587362
TI  - Recombination of transfected DNAs in vertebrate cells in culture.
AB  - We studied the frequency of homologous and illegitimate recombinations between
      transfected noninfectious retroviral DNA molecules in chicken embryo fibroblasts.
      The frequency of recombination was determined by the formation of infectious
      virus and varied with the extent of homology between the DNA molecules at the
      site of recombination, but only when there were regions of homology surrounding
      this region. While homologous recombination led to the formation of wild-type
      virus, illegitimate recombination resulted in formation of infectious virus with
      alterations at the site of recombination. Apparent homologous recombination was
      also observed between transfected and chromosomal DNAs in D17 dog cells.

PMID- 6587364
TI  - Interaction between endotoxin and human monocytes: characteristics of the binding
      of 3H-labeled lipopolysaccharide and 51Cr-labeled lipid A before and after the
      induction of endotoxin tolerance.
AB  - Salmonella typhi endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) was labeled with tritium and
      purified by gel filtration. Using this preparation, we found that binding of 3H
      labeled LPS (3H-LPS) to isolated human monocytes consisted of a rapid (t1/2 less
      than 5 min), reversible, temperature-independent phase of surface adsorption that
      was followed by a slower (t1/2 greater than 20 min) period of binding that was
      irreversible and temperature-dependent. The interactions between 3H-LPS and
      monocytes that we measured were dependent both on the concentration of LPS and
      the cell number. We observed an apparent decrease in 3H-LPS surface binding after
      initial treatment of the cells with LPS, which was most likely due to an acquired
      reduction in the number of sites on the monocyte membrane available for the
      binding of LPS. Estimates of the parameters of the binding of 3H-LPS were
      calculated from a double-reciprocal plot (1/bound vs. 1/free) of the surface
      binding data and suggest that the relative binding affinity (Kd) for 3H-LPS was
      unchanged after pretreatment of the monocytes with LPS; however, the total number
      of LPS binding sites appeared to be reduced by this manipulation. The results of
      competition binding experiments also suggest that the binding affinity for 3H-LPS
      was the same before and after incubation of the cells with LPS. Lipid A, which we
      extracted from LPS and labeled with chromium-51, exhibited a binding affinity
      similar to that of 3H-LPS and, like 3H-LPS, could be displaced from the cells by
      competing concentrations of unfractionated LPS; however, the kinetics of binding
      of the two labeled ligands differed considerably. Our results suggest that
      exposure of monocytes to LPS may alter the ability of these cells to interact
      with, and consequently respond to, LPS.

PMID- 6587365
TI  - Tumors undergoing rejection induced by monoclonal antibodies of the IgG2a isotype
      contain increased numbers of macrophages activated for a distinctive form of
      antibody-dependent cytolysis.
AB  - Monoclonal antibodies of the IgG2a isotype specifically inhibit the growth of
      human tumors in nude mice; tumors in mice given no antibody, an antibody of the
      IgG2a isotype that does bind to the tumor cells, or an antibody of the IgG2b
      isotype grow progressively. In the present work it is demonstrated that tumors of
      mice given the IgG2a antibody are essentially masses of necrosis, while tumors
      from the control mice are sheets of healthy tumor cells. Tumors of the treated
      mice, in comparison to controls, contain an increased number of macrophages, and
      these macrophages are activated for a distinct form of cytolysis dependent on
      antibodies of the IgG2a isotype. The data suggest that changes in the number and
      function of intratumoral macrophages are a major component of tumor destruction
      mediated by IgG2a antibodies.

PMID- 6587366
TI  - Evidence of extrachromosomal forms of hepatitis B viral DNA in a bone marrow
      culture obtained from a patient recently infected with hepatitis B virus.
AB  - A cell culture that produces Dane-like particles was initiated from a bone marrow
      aspirate of an acute hepatitis B patient. By using Southern blot analysis and a
      recombinant hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA plasmid probe, extrachromosomal forms of
      HBV DNA were detected. The two forms of HBV DNA migrate as a closed circular 2.2
      kb form and an open circular 3.9-kb form. There was no evidence of HBV DNA
      integration into the host genome.

PMID- 6587367
TI  - 31P NMR study of improvement in oxidative phosphorylation by vitamins K3 and C in
      a patient with a defect in electron transport at complex III in skeletal muscle.
AB  - The bioenergetic capacity of skeletal muscle in a 17-year-old patient with a
      severe defect in complex III of the electron transport chain has been examined by
      31P NMR measurements of the molar ratio of phosphocreatine to inorganic phosphate
      (PCr/Pi). Resting ratios were 1.3-2.5, which can be compared with roughly 8.6 for
      a young, normal female control at rest. Quantitative evaluation of the activity
      of oxidative metabolism was afforded by the rate of recovery of PCr/Pi from
      exercise and was found to be 2.5% of normal. After administration of menadione
      and ascorbate, we found a 21-fold increase of the recovery rate relative to the
      pretherapy value, to within 56% of the recovery rate of the young female control.
      Thus, NMR examinations of skeletal muscle at rest and in recovery from activity
      document marked improvement to specific drug therapy in the electron transport
      capabilities and the ATP synthesis rate of a patient with a deficiency in a
      cytochrome b-containing complex III. Improvements in functional ability, although
      not as dramatic as biochemical changes, are also apparent.

PMID- 6587368
TI  - Human endothelial cells in culture produce platelet-activating factor (1-alkyl-2
      acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) when stimulated with thrombin.
AB  - Cultured human endothelial cells produce platelet-activating factor (1-alkyl-2
      acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; PAF) when stimulated with human thrombin. The
      response to thrombin is dose dependent, with a half-maximal effect at 0.17
      unit/ml. The product is identified as PAF by the incorporation of radiolabeled
      precursors, its behavior in chromatographic systems, the recovery of biological
      activity, and the effect of treatment with phospholipase A2. Incorporation of
      [3H]acetate into PAF is maximal by 5 min and decreases thereafter. Endothelial
      cells produce 0.10-0.17 nmol of PAF per 10(6) cells in a 5-min exposure to
      thrombin, as judged by the amount of neutrophil-aggregating activity. The
      production of this potent agonist for platelet activation and neutrophil
      chemotaxis by endothelial cells suggests that it may play a role in the
      maintenance of vascular integrity and perhaps in pathological events such as
      thrombosis and atherogenesis.

PMID- 6587369
TI  - Toward an analogue of alcoholism in mice: scale factors in the model.
AB  - Mice of the C57BL strain, given continuous access to 10% alcohol and plain water,
      with unlimited food and no stress, frequently drink enough alcohol to produce
      intoxicating levels in the blood. Nevertheless, this behavior does not appear to
      replicate the essential features of human alcoholism since the drinking lacks
      serious toxic effects and the intoxication occurs only as transient episodes in
      association with homeostatic consumption of fluid and food. It is suggested that
      continuous monitoring of intake and estimation of the concentration of alcohol in
      blood, which are now technically feasible, will permit distinction between
      alcoholic-type drinking and a simple licking for the flavor of alcohol in
      beverage concentration.

PMID- 6587370
TI  - Schistosoma mansoni egg granuloma size reduction in challenged baboons after
      vaccination with irradiated cryopreserved schistosomula.
AB  - Young male baboons born in captivity were immunized with an attenuated,
      cryopreserved schistosomular vaccine derived from gamma-irradiated (50 krad)
      cercariae of the Puerto Rican strain of Schistosoma mansoni. Protection against a
      heterologous Kenyan strain of S. mansoni, after percutaneous infection, was
      assessed. Partial protection (33-53% reduction in worm burden) was obtained in
      three of six vaccinated-challenged baboons, an unremarkable result. Of greater
      interest was the fact that all six unvaccinated-challenged control baboons, but
      only one of the six vaccinated-challenged baboons, had macroscopic egg granulomas
      on their liver surfaces. This difference in granuloma size was substantiated by
      measuring hepatic and colonic granulomas. The mean (+/- SEM) hepatic and colonic
      granuloma diameters for the six unvaccinated baboons were 406 +/- 38 micron and
      313 +/- 27 micron, respectively, and for the five "typical" vaccinated-challenged
      baboons the mean diameters were 283 +/- 27 micron and 202 +/- 23 micron,
      respectively. Both hepatic and colonic granulomas were significantly smaller in
      the five typical vaccinated-challenged baboons. Not only did the exceptional
      vaccinated-challenged baboon have very large hepatic and colonic granulomas, but
      also it was the only one of its group whose mesenteric lymph node cells were not
      suppressed in their in vitro proliferative response to a schistosome antigen.
      These results strongly suggest that granuloma size reduction in the majority of
      the vaccinated baboons was the result of immunoregulation--i.e., the small
      postvaccination granulomas were "modulated." Despite their small size, hepatic
      granulomas in the typical vaccinated baboons were apparently as effective in
      sequestering egg toxins and preventing hepatocyte damage as the larger granulomas
      of the control baboons. Smaller, less obstructive granulomas are thought to be
      more beneficial to the host than large, vigorous granulomas, with respect to
      lessening chronic disease. The present results give encouragement that a vaccine
      to ameliorate disease in human schistosomiasis is possible. This effect should
      add to the attractiveness of partial protection against challenge infections
      conferred by attenuated larval vaccines, as reported by others, to yield a dually
      beneficial vaccine for human use.

PMID- 6587371
TI  - Peptides from the regenerating central nervous system of goldfish stimulate glia.
AB  - Severed ganglion cell axons of the goldfish retina regrow and form new synaptic
      connections within their primary target tissue, the optic tectum. During axonal
      regeneration, optic tract glia show increased incorporation of both thymidine and
      amino acids. Ablation of the tectum reduces the biosynthetic activity of cells in
      the optic tract, suggesting that humoral factors released from the tectum may
      stimulate neighboring glia. A soluble fraction isolated from denervated tecta
      increases glial incorporation of both thymidine and amino acids by 2- to 3-fold
      when compared to control cells treated with soluble material from intact tecta.
      One glial promoting factor, designated GPF -1, is a trypsin-sensitive peptide of
      about 14,000 daltons. Peptides released from target tissues may help to regulate
      growth of glial cells during neuronal regeneration.

PMID- 6587373
TI  - Changes in rat adrenal catecholamines and proenkephalin metabolism after
      denervation.
AB  - Adrenal enkephalin-containing peptides are known to increase 10- to 15-fold in
      the rat after surgical denervation of the gland. In this report we show that the
      increase is preceded by a lag of several hours, which is indicative of
      stimulation of protein synthesis at the transcriptional level. The major species
      of newly appearing enkephalin-containing peptide appears to be the intact
      precursor, proenkephalin. Processing of proenkephalin to smaller enkephalin
      containing peptides in the denervated glands is slow and limited. The only
      product that accumulates in the process is a peptide of 3-4 kilodaltons that is
      derived from the carboxyl terminus of proenkephalin. An interesting observation
      was the dissociation between the effects of denervation on enkephalin-containing
      peptides and catecholamines. This is surprising because both are localized in the
      chromaffin granules of the gland.

PMID- 6587372
TI  - Decreased physiological sensitivity mediated by newly synthesized muscarinic
      acetylcholine receptors in embryonic chicken heart.
AB  - Treatment of chicken embryos in ovo for 8 hr with the muscarinic agonist
      carbachol results in an 85% reduction in the number of muscarinic acetylcholine
      receptors ( mAcChoR ) present in atrial membrane homogenates. Subsequent
      treatment of embryos with the muscarinic antagonist atropine results in a gradual
      increase in mAcChoR number, which returns to control levels after 14 hr. This
      recovery of receptor number is blocked by administration of the protein synthesis
      inhibitor cycloheximide, consistent with previous results in cell culture, which
      suggested that de novo protein synthesis is required for the recovery of mAcChoR
      after agonist-induced decreases. Measurements of the negative chronotropic
      response to applied carbachol with isolated atria show that even after recovery
      of receptor number to control levels the response to agonist is diminished. The
      IC50 for carbachol is shifted approximately equal to 10-fold from controls at 20
      hr after atropine treatment, but less than 3-fold at 28 hr, with no further
      change in receptor number occurring over this time. This increase in
      physiological sensitivity is not blocked by cycloheximide. Receptors at 20 hr
      have binding constants for agonists and antagonists that are indistinguishable
      from controls. This implies that there is a defect in coupling of mAcChoR binding
      to the physiological response when mAcChoR reappear following agonist-mediated
      decreases in receptor number. Recovery of the ability of mAcChoR to inhibit
      adenylate cyclase parallels recovery of the beating response--that is, the IC50
      is shifted approximately equal to 11-fold from controls at 20 hr after atropine
      treatment, yet only 3-fold at 28 hr. Thus, newly synthesized mAcChoR exhibit
      decreased physiological and biochemical responses to muscarinic agonists,
      suggesting that mAcChoR are initially synthesized in a less active form.

PMID- 6587374
TI  - Cell swelling increases a barium-inhibitable potassium conductance in the
      basolateral membrane of Necturus small intestine.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that, immediately after the addition of galactose or
      alanine to the solution bathing the mucosal surface of Necturus small intestine,
      there is a rapid depolarization of the electrical potential difference across the
      mucosal membrane (psi mc). This is followed by a repolarization of psi mc that is
      paralleled by an increase in the ratio of the effective resistance of the mucosal
      membrane to that of the basolateral membrane (rm/rs); the latter was shown to be,
      at least in part, due to a marked increase in the conductance of the basolateral
      membrane. We now report the following. (i) Exposure of this epithelium to a 12%
      hypotonic solution results in a hyperpolarization of psi mc and an increase in
      rm/rs. These effects are blocked by metabolic inhibitors and by the presence of 5
      mM Ba2+ in the bathing solution; indeed, in the presence of Ba2+, psi mc
      depolarizes and rm/rs decreases to low values. (ii) Addition of 15 mM galactose
      to the mucosal solution when the serosal solution alone contains 5 mM Ba2+
      results in a depolarization of psi mc but no subsequent repolarization of psi mc
      or increase in rm/rs; however, psi mc repolarizes and rm/rs increases when Ba2+
      is subsequently removed from the serosal bathing solution. We conclude that (i)
      the basolateral membrane normally possesses a Ba2+-inhibitable K conductance,
      which appears to be reduced in the presence of metabolic inhibitors; (ii) after
      exposure of the tissue to a hypotonic solution or the addition of galactose to
      the mucosal solution, this conductance increases; and (iii) these responses can
      be blocked by metabolic inhibitors. These findings suggest that the delayed
      response of this tissue to the addition of sugars or amino acids to the mucosal
      solution may be the result of cell swelling resulting from the intracellular
      accumulation of these solutes in osmotically active forms.

PMID- 6587375
TI  - Intramural mechanism of esophageal peristalsis: roles of cholinergic and
      noncholinergic nerves.
AB  - We examined the role of peripheral cholinergic and noncholinergic mechanisms in
      esophageal peristalsis. Intramural nerve elements in rings of circular muscle
      from six different levels of the opossum esophagus were stimulated transmurally
      so as to cause neurally mediated muscle contractions. Stimulus frequency was
      varied from 2 to 40 Hz. An increase in stimulus frequency caused an increase in
      latencies of contractions in rings from distal esophageal sites and a decrease in
      latencies in rings from proximal sites. This resulted in a marked slowing of the
      calculated peristaltic speed. Increasing stimulus frequency also caused an
      increase in duration and amplitude of contractions. These effects were reversed
      by atropine (0.1 microM), suggesting that higher stimulus frequencies recruited
      more cholinergic nerves. In the presence of atropine, increasing the stimulus
      frequency caused an increase in latencies of contraction at all sites, suggesting
      that increasing stimulation frequency applied to noncholinergic nerves causes an
      increase in latencies of contraction at all sites. The results of this study
      indicate that both noncholinergic and cholinergic nerves play a role in the
      peripheral mechanism of esophageal peristalsis. Cholinergic nerve stimulation
      reduces the latency and enhances the amplitude and duration of contractions seen
      with noncholinergic nerve stimulation alone. The influence of cholinergic
      innervation is most prominent proximally and decreases distally along the smooth
      muscle portion of the esophagus. This peripherally located gradient of
      cholinergic innervation plays an important role in determining the speed and
      amplitude of esophageal peristalsis.

PMID- 6587376
TI  - Lotka's roots under rescalings.
AB  - In the mathematical theory of stable populations, when the net maternity function
      is scaled by a constant divisor , changing its level without changing its shape,
      the rates of attrition of transient waves in the age structure of the population
      as it converges toward stability are altered. The attrition rates are specified
      by the real parts of the complex roots of Lotka 's equation. Conditions are given
      for the falsity of the longstanding claim that there always exists some rescaling
      that brings to zero the real part of the complex root governing the lowest
      frequency wave. A general account of scalable and unscalable roots follows for
      the discrete-age, Leslie formulation, elucidating and setting limits to the
      standard account of approach to stability.

PMID- 6587377
TI  - Glycine N-methyltransferase is a folate binding protein of rat liver cytosol.
AB  - A comparison of the amino acid compositions of one of the folate-binding proteins
      of rat liver cytosol, folate-binding protein-cytosol II, and that of glycine N
      methyltransferase (S-adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine methyltransferase, EC
      2.1.1.20) from the same source indicated a great deal of structural homology
      between the two proteins. Antiserum prepared against the purified folate-binding
      protein almost completely inactivated the enzyme activity in crude liver cytosol.
      Purification of glycine N-methyltransferase resulted in the separation of two
      enzyme species, one that contained bound folate and one that did not. Each
      species was homogeneous, as judged by NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis, and they migrated identically.

PMID- 6587378
TI  - Complete amino acid sequence of human plasma beta 2-glycoprotein I.
AB  - We have determined the complete amino acid sequence of beta 2-glycoprotein I (Mr,
      congruent to 50,000), a human plasma protein that is associated with lipids and
      binds to platelets but whose function is not yet known. The protein consists of
      326 amino acids and has five attached glucosamine-containing oligosaccharides.
      The protein is rich in cysteine and proline, and the sequence is notable for the
      frequent occurrence of Cys-Pro linkages at regular intervals. Computerized
      analysis of the sequence reveals five consecutive homologous segments in which
      cysteine, proline, and tryptophan appear to be highly conserved. This suggests
      that beta 2-glycoprotein I may have evolved by repeated duplications of a gene
      coding for a 60-amino acid segment of protein.

PMID- 6587379
TI  - Isolation of cloned cDNA encoding mammalian ornithine decarboxylase.
AB  - During the growth of mammalian cells the level of ornithine decarboxylase (
      OrnDCase ; L-ornithine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.17), the first enzyme in polyamine
      biosynthesis, undergoes rapid changes. As an initial step in the study of
      possible genetic mechanisms involved in these changes, we have isolated cDNA
      clones encoding OrnDCase . To obtain RNA enriched for OrnDCase messenger, mouse
      myeloma cells that overproduce OrnDCase were selected in the presence of the
      OrnDCase inhibitor, difluoromethylornithine. A pBR322 cDNA library was prepared
      from poly(A)+ RNA isolated from difluoromethylornithine-resistant cells, and the
      library was probed with [32P]cDNA representing mRNA sequences from resistant or
      parental (sensitive) cells. All clones hybridizing preferentially to the
      resistant cell probe shared nucleotide sequences. A representative clone
      containing 1.1 kilobases of cDNA was shown to encode OrnDCase sequences by in
      vitro translation of hybrid-selected mRNA followed by precipitation of the
      translation products with anti- OrnDCase antiserum. Using this cDNA clone as a
      probe, we found that mouse DNA yielded several restriction fragments that react
      with the OrnDCase cDNA. In the difluoromethylornithine-resistant myeloma cells,
      one of these DNA segments is amplified and the level of OrnDCase mRNA is greatly
      increased compared with that in parental plasmacytoma cells. The level of
      OrnDCase mRNA is also increased in cultured 3T3 cells stimulated with serum and
      in mouse kidneys after administration of androgen, indicating that OrnDCase gene
      transcription and/or mRNA stability are regulated during cell growth.

PMID- 6587380
TI  - Recognition of the muscarinic receptor by its endogenous neurotransmitter:
      binding of [3H]acetylcholine and its modulation by transition metal ions and
      guanine nucleotides.
AB  - Agonist binding to the muscarinic receptor in rat cerebral cortex membranes was
      studied by using the neurotransmitter itself, [3H]acetylcholine [( 3H]AcCho). By
      using 10 microM atropine or oxotremorine to define specific binding, it was
      possible to demonstrate specific binding of [3H]AcCho that was sensitive to
      muscarinic but not to nicotinic ligands. Equilibrium binding experiments with 5
      240 nM [3H]AcCho indicated specific binding of the ligand to a saturable
      population of muscarinic receptors (361 +/- 29 fmol/mg of protein; Kd = 76 +/- 17
      nM). This value represented 25% of the available binding sites for a labeled
      antagonist in the same preparation and corresponds to the proportion of high
      affinity agonist binding sites observed previously in competition experiments
      with labeled antagonists. Inclusion of transition metal ions (e.g., 2 mM Ni2+) in
      the assay increased the equilibrium binding of [3H]AcCho (628 +/- 38 fmol/mg of
      protein, Kd = 86 +/- 21 nM) but did not affect equilibrium binding of 3H-labeled
      antagonists, indicating conversion of low- into high-affinity muscarinic agonist
      binding sites. The increase developed slowly over 30 min of incubation at 25
      degrees C but could be reversed rapidly (approximately equal to 2 min) by the
      chelating agent EDTA or by guanine nucleotides. These data directly reveal a slow
      though quickly reversible interconversion of low- into high-affinity muscarinic
      agonist binding sites.

PMID- 6587381
TI  - Adenovirus tripartite leader sequence enhances translation of mRNAs late after
      infection.
AB  - A series of adenovirus type 5 variants was constructed to probe the function of
      the tripartite leader sequence, a 200-nucleotide, 5' noncoding sequence carried
      on the majority of late viral mRNAs. Recombinant plasmids were constructed that
      carried the major late transcriptional control region followed by portions of the
      tripartite leader sequence fused to the E1A coding region. These modified E1A
      genes were then rebuilt into intact viral chromosomes, replacing the
      corresponding wild-type region. The leader segments had no effect on the
      translation of E1A mRNAs early after infection, but the tripartite leader
      significantly enhanced (5-fold) the efficiency with which the mRNAs were
      translated late after infection.

PMID- 6587383
TI  - Titin is an extraordinarily long, flexible, and slender myofibrillar protein.
AB  - " Titin " is a term used to describe a pair of closely related megadalton
      polypeptides that together are the third most abundant myofibrillar protein in a
      wide range of striated muscles. It has been proposed that titin and another giant
      protein, nebulin , are the major components of an elastic cytoskeletal lattice
      within the sarcomere. We have now purified the leading band, titin -2 (T2), of
      the titin doublet in native forms by extraction with Guba -Straub solution
      followed by chromatography. Electron microscopy of low-angle-shadowed and
      negatively stained specimens revealed that T2 chains self-assembled into
      extremely long (from 0.1 micron to over 1.0 micron), flexible, and extensible
      slender strands (4-5 nm in diameter) with axial periodicity. Furthermore, these
      strands tended to associate to form filamentous bundles and meshworks. Thus,
      titin appears to be ideally suited as a component of an elastic lattice that
      serves as an organizing scaffold or template for thick and thin filaments.

PMID- 6587382
TI  - Mechanism of activation of an N-ras oncogene of SW-1271 human lung carcinoma
      cells.
AB  - An N-ras-related transforming gene was detected in the human lung carcinoma cell
      line SW-1271 and molecularly cloned. The lesion responsible for its acquisition
      of transforming activity was localized to a single nucleotide transition from A
      to G in codon 61 of the predicted protein. This lesion in the second exon results
      in the substitution of arginine for glutamine at this position. These findings,
      together with previous studies, indicate that the activation of ras oncogenes in
      human tumors is most commonly due to point mutations at one of two major "hot
      spots" in the ras coding sequence.

PMID- 6587384
TI  - Characterization of a cDNA coding for human factor X.
AB  - A lambda gt11 cDNA library containing DNA inserts prepared from human liver mRNA
      has been screened with an antibody to human factor X, a plasma protein
      participating in the middle phase of the blood coagulation cascade. Ten positive
      clones were isolated from 2 X 10(6) phage and plaque purified. The cDNA in the
      phage containing the largest insert has been sequenced and shown to code for
      human factor X. This cDNA insert contained 1137 base pairs coding for a portion
      of the light chain of the molecule, a connecting region, the heavy chain, a stop
      codon, a short 3' noncoding region, and a poly(A) tail. The sequence of A-T-T-A-A
      A, which functions as a potential recognition site for polyadenylylation or
      processing, was present in the 3' end of the coding sequence and preceded the
      stop codon of TGA by 1 base pair and the poly(A) tail by 14 base pairs. The amino
      acid sequence deduced from the cDNA indicated that factor X is synthesized as a
      single-chain polypeptide containing the light and heavy chains connected by an
      Arg-Lys-Arg tripeptide. The single-chain molecule is then converted to the light
      and heavy chains by cleavage of two (or more) internal peptide bonds. In plasma,
      these two chains are linked together by a disulfide bond. The DNA sequence coding
      for the active site of human factor X showed a high degree of identity with
      prothrombin and factor IX, two other vitamin K-dependent serine proteases that
      participate in blood coagulation. These data along with the protein sequence data
      previously published for the light chain of human factor X establish the complete
      amino acid sequence for the mature protein present in plasma.

PMID- 6587386
TI  - Interactions of myristic acid with bovine serum albumin: a 13C NMR study.
AB  - Interactions of myristic acid with bovine serum albumin were studied by 13C NMR
      spectroscopy at 50.3 MHz using 90% isotopically substituted [1-13C]-, [3-13C]-,
      and [14-13C]myristic acids, either individually or in a combination of all three
      with albumin. At pH 7.4, two or more resonances of different intensities were
      observed for each 13C-enriched myristic acid. Carboxyl and methylene C-3
      resonances corresponding to the major myristic acid environment(s) exhibited pH
      dependent chemical shift changes indicative of protonation below pH 6.7; in
      contrast, carboxyl groups in minor environments were resistant to protonation.
      13C NMR spectra obtained as a function of the molar ratio of [3-13C]- and [14
      13C]myristic acid to bovine serum albumin (from 0.7 to 5.6) revealed at least two
      narrow resonances for each carbon at all molar ratios. Thus, bovine serum albumin
      binding sites for myristic acid are heterogeneous with respect to titration
      behavior and with respect to the local magnetic environment at both the polar and
      the nonpolar ends of the fatty acid. The narrow resonances observed for the
      methylene and methyl carbons are inconsistent with complete immobilization of the
      protein-bound acid molecules. Together with spin- lattice relaxation times and
      nuclear Overhauser enhancements, the linewidth results indicate that bound
      myristic acid has internal motions that are rapid compared with overall protein
      tumbling and that the C-3 methylene carbon is more restricted than the terminal
      methyl carbon.

PMID- 6587385
TI  - Amino acid sequence of porcine spleen cathepsin D.
AB  - The amino acid sequence of porcine spleen cathepsin D heavy chain has been
      determined and, hence, the complete structure of this enzyme is now known. The
      sequence of heavy chain was constructed by aligning the structures of peptides
      generated by cyanogen bromide, trypsin, and endo-proteinase Lys C cleavages. The
      structure of the light chain has been published previously. The cathepsin D
      molecule contains 339 amino acid residues in two polypeptide chains: a 97-residue
      light chain and a 242-residue heavy chain, with a combined Mr of 36,779 (without
      carbohydrate). There are two carbohydrate units linked to asparagine residues 70
      and 192. The disulfide bond arrangement in cathepsin D is probably similar to
      that of pepsin, because the positions of six half-cystine residues are conserved.
      The active site aspartyl residues, corresponding to aspartic acid-32 and -215 of
      pepsin, are located at residues 33 and 224 in the cathepsin D molecule. The amino
      acid sequence around these aspartyl residues is strongly conserved. Cathepsin D
      shows a strong homology with other acid proteases. When the sequence of cathepsin
      D, renin, and pepsin are aligned, 32.7% of the residues are identical. The
      homology is observed throughout the length of the molecules, indicating that
      three-dimensional structures of all three molecules are similar.

PMID- 6587387
TI  - Application of the Dale-Eisinger analysis to proximity mapping in the contractile
      system.
AB  - Fluorescence anisotropy decays were used to quantify the degree of rapid
      librational motion associated with several fluorescent probes attached to
      contractile proteins. This information allows an analysis of how far kappa 2, the
      resonance energy transfer orientation factor, may deviate from the dynamically
      averaged value of 2/3. Extrema can then be set on R0, the critical transfer
      distance, and hence on the interprobe distance. These results set maximum ranges
      on possible distances between several probe pairs used in the mapping of
      contractile protein structure by resonance energy transfer.

PMID- 6587388
TI  - Invasive behavior of mouse sarcoma cells is inhibited by blocking a 37,000-dalton
      plasma membrane glycoprotein with Fab fragments.
AB  - Abercrombie 's confronted explant technique was used to study the role of tumor
      surface antigens in malignant invasion. Plasma membranes were isolated from mouse
      sarcoma cells ( FS9 ) and a mouse cell line (L929) of the same H-2 haplotype. FS9
      cells are highly invasive when confronted with chicken heart fibroblasts, whereas
      the L929 cells are not [ Abercrombie , M. (1979) Nature (London) 281, 259-262].
      The FS9 plasma membranes contained significantly higher concentrations of a
      37,000-dalton glycoprotein. When antiserum directed against FS9 plasma membranes
      was preabsorbed with L929 cells, the antibodies remaining reacted predominantly
      with the 37,000-dalton antigen. Fab fragment prepared from the preabsorbed
      antiserum inhibited the invasion of chicken heart fibroblasts by FS9 cells. Fab
      prepared from a monoclonal antibody directed against the 37,000-dalton antigen
      also inhibited invasivity , whereas monoclonal antibodies reacting with two other
      FS9 cell surface antigens did not. The results imply a relationship between the
      increased concentration of the 37,000-dalton glycoprotein on the surface of the
      FS9 cells and their invasivity .

PMID- 6587389
TI  - ATP-dependent asymmetric distribution of spin-labeled phospholipids in the
      erythrocyte membrane: relation to shape changes.
AB  - Spin-labeled analogs of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and
      phosphatidylethanolamine have been used to study phospholipid transverse
      diffusion and asymmetry in the human erythrocyte membrane. Ascorbate reduction
      was used to assess the transbilayer distribution of the labels. All three spin
      labeled phospholipids initially incorporated into the outer leaflet of the
      membrane. On fresh erythrocytes at 5 degrees C, the phosphatidylcholine label
      remained mainly in the outer leaflet. In contrast, the phosphatidylserine and
      phosphatidylethanolamine labels underwent rapid transverse diffusion that led to
      their asymmetric distribution in favor of the inner leaflet. The latter effect
      was reversibly inhibited after ATP depletion of the erythrocytes and could be
      reproduced on resealed erythrocyte ghosts only if hydrolyzable Mg-ATP was
      included in the internal medium. It is suggested that an ATP-driven transport of
      amino phospholipids toward the inner leaflet could be the major cause of the
      phospholipid asymmetry in the erythrocyte membrane. It is also proposed that the
      same mechanism could explain the ATP requirement of the maintenance of the
      erythrocyte membrane discoid shape.

PMID- 6587391
TI  - Monitoring fibroblast behavior in tissue culture with an applied electric field.
AB  - Mammalian fibroblasts have been cultured on evaporated gold electrodes subjected
      to an alternating electric field at 4000 Hz. The system consists of a large
      (approximately equal to 2 cm2) and a small (approximately equal to 3 X 10(-4)
      cm2) electrode bathed in tissue culture medium. The applied electric field
      produces a voltage drop at the boundary between the solution and the small
      electrode of a few mV at a current density of a few mA/cm2. The small population
      of cells that attach and spread on this electrode have a marked effect on the
      measured impedance and also cause it to fluctuate with time. The amplitude of
      these fluctuations is greatly reduced by cytochalasin B (10 microM), suggesting
      they are a consequence of cell movement.

PMID- 6587390
TI  - Epithelial mouse mammary cell line exhibiting normal morphogenesis in vivo and
      functional differentiation in vitro.
AB  - An epithelial cell line, designated COMMA-1D, was derived from mammary tissue of
      BALB/c mice in the middle of pregnancy. This line, in continuous cell culture for
      12 months, exhibits several characteristics distinctive of normal mammary
      epithelial cells, including induction of casein synthesis in vitro and normal
      duct morphogenesis in the cleared mammary fat pads of syngeneic mice. The cells
      also form domes in high density culture and are positive for keratin intermediate
      filaments by indirect immunofluorescence. COMMA-1D cells have a near diploid
      number of chromosomes and do not grow in suspension culture or produce tumors in
      syngeneic hosts. This cell line should prove useful for studies examining the
      regulation of normal cellular differentiation of mammary cells as well as
      transformation of epithelial cells to the preneoplastic and neoplastic
      phenotypes.

PMID- 6587392
TI  - Differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells induced by benzodiazepines.
AB  - Many benzodiazepines of the type whose receptors are found in peripheral tissues
      cause the differentiation of cultured Friend erythroleukemia cells. The maximal
      level of induction of hemoglobin synthesis is 10-80% of the cells, depending on
      the compound tested. The induction is concentration and time dependent, requiring
      micromolar amounts of the drugs and about 5 days of treatment for full
      expression. The time course is very similar to that observed for a well-studied
      inducer, dimethyl sulfoxide. The affinities of the agents for the peripheral-type
      benzodiazepine binding site are not correlated with their capacity to induce
      differentiation. Also, the biological effect is stereospecific since the (3S)
      stereoisomer Ro11 -6896 is at least an order of magnitude more potent than its
      (3R) enantiomer, Ro11 -6893. The benzodiazepine effect exhibits definite
      structure-activity relationships. A 1-methyl group is an absolute requirement,
      although this is not sufficient in itself. Hydroxyl and methoxyl groups at the 4'
      position enhance the biological activity, but 4'-chloro decreases it.
      Substitutions at the 2', 6', and 4 positions also decrease the biological
      activity, as does the lack of a 2-carbonyl group. These data suggest that the
      benzodiazepines act in a specific manner to induce the differentiation of Friend
      erythroleukemia cells.

PMID- 6587393
TI  - Segmental homology and internal repetitiousness identified in putative nucleic
      acid polymerase and human hepatitis B surface antigen of human hepatitis B virus.
AB  - In a previous paper, it was argued that only those coding sequences descended
      from oligomeric repeats (the number of bases in the oligomeric unit not being a
      multiple of 3) can retain sufficiently long alternative open reading frames, and
      that such alternative open reading frames serve as the reservoir for the sudden
      generation of new polypeptide chains with novel functions. It was suggested that
      plasmid-encoded 6-amino hexanoic acid linear oligomer hydrolase that suddenly
      endowed Flavobacterium sp. K172 with the capacity to live off nylon by-products
      arose by the above mechanism. A corollary to the above argument is the
      expectation that those viral base sequences that are known to use two of the
      three alternative reading frames to encode two different polypeptide chains
      should invariably contain recognizable remains of the oligomeric tandem repeats,
      and as a consequence, various oligopeptidic repeats should also be present in the
      amino acid sequence of each. Furthermore, two polypeptide chains encoded by the
      same base sequence translated in different reading frames should show segmental
      homology of the type depicted previously. In the present paper, the base sequence
      of human hepatitis B virus ayw subtype that encodes an 832 amino acid residue
      long putative nucleic acid polymerase in one reading frame and a 226 residue long
      human hepatitis B surface antigen in the other reading frame was examined. All
      three predictions noted above were satisfied.

PMID- 6587394
TI  - Eocytes: a new ribosome structure indicates a kingdom with a close relationship
      to eukaryotes.
AB  - Ribosomal large and small subunits are organized in four general structural
      patterns. The four types are found in ribosomes from eubacteria, archaebacteria,
      eukaryotes, and a group of sulfur-dependent bacteria ( eocytes ), respectively.
      All four ribosomal types share a common structural core, but each type also has
      additional independent structural features. The independent features include the
      eukaryotic lobes and the archaebacterial bill on the smaller subunit. On the
      larger subunit, they include the eocytic lobe, eocytic gap, and eocytic bulge and
      a modified central protuberance. These data are most parsimoniously fit by a
      single unrooted evolutionary tree. In this tree eocytes are closely related to
      eukaryotes, while archaebacteria and eubacteria are closest neighbors. The tree
      is consistent with currently known molecular biological properties and indicates
      that eocytes have a phylogenetic importance equal to that of the three known
      kingdoms. When other properties and molecular mechanisms of these organisms are
      better defined, we suggest that an appropriate kingdom name for this group would
      be the Eocyta .

PMID- 6587395
TI  - Evolution of multigene families under interchromosomal gene conversion.
AB  - A model for the evolution of the probabilities of genetic identity within and
      between loci of a multigene family in a finite population is formulated and
      investigated. Unbiased interchromosomal gene conversion, equal crossing-over
      between tandemly repeated genes, random genetic drift, and mutation to new
      alleles are incorporated. Generations are discrete and nonoverlapping; the
      diploid, monoecious population mates at random. Formulae for the equilibrium
      values of the probabilities of identity and for the rate of convergence are
      deduced. At equilibrium, the amount of intralocus homology, f, always exceeds the
      amount of interlocus homology, g. The equilibrium homologies f and g and the
      characteristic convergence time T are independent of the crossover rate. As the
      population size and the number of repeats increase, f and g decrease and T
      increases; as the rate of gene conversion increases, f and T decrease whereas g
      increases. The time T can be sufficiently short to imply that interchromosomal
      gene conversion may be an important mechanism for maintaining sequence
      homogeneity among repeated genes.

PMID- 6587396
TI  - Modification of low density lipoprotein by endothelial cells involves lipid
      peroxidation and degradation of low density lipoprotein phospholipids.
AB  - Low density lipoprotein (LDL) incubated with cultured endothelial cells from
      rabbit aorta or human umbilical vein is altered in several ways (EC-modified):
      (i) It is degraded by macrophages much faster than LDL similarly incubated in the
      absence of cells or incubated with fibroblasts. (ii) Its electrophoretic mobility
      is increased. (iii) Its density is increased. We report here that antioxidants
      completely prevent these changes. We also report that these changes do not take
      place if transition metals in the medium are chelated with EDTA. During EC
      modification as much as 40% of the LDL phosphatidylcholine is degraded to
      lysophosphatidylcholine by a phospholipase A2-like activity. When incubation
      conditions in the absence of cells were selected to favor oxidation--for example,
      by extending the time of incubation of LDL at low concentrations, or by
      increasing the Cu2+ concentration--LDL underwent changes very similar to those
      occurring in the presence of cells, including degradation of phosphatidylcholine.
      Hence, some phospholipase activity appears to be associated with the isolated LDL
      used in these studies. The results suggest a complex process in which endothelial
      cells modify LDL by mechanisms involving generation of free radicals and action
      of phospholipase (s).

PMID- 6587397
TI  - Antibodies against gamma-aminobutyric acid: specificity studies and
      immunocytochemical results.
AB  - Antibodies against gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-glutaraldehyde-lysine were
      obtained by using a procedure based upon (i) a high yield of coupling of GABA to
      protein carriers, (ii) the reduction of the resulting immunoreactive double
      bonds, and (iii) a protocol of alternative immunizations using different
      immunogens having in common only the GABA-glutaraldehyde-lysine segment. This
      strategy led to the use of the resulting GABA antiserum without further
      purification. Specificity controls have been carried out with a radiolabeled
      ligand, [3H]GABA-glutaraldehyde- prolylphenylalanyl -lysine , which mimicked the
      structure of the immunogen and the fixed hapten in the tissue. Displacement
      curves showed that the nearest coupled analogs, beta-alanine and glycine, cross
      react poorly with GABA, requiring 175-fold or 795-fold higher concentrations,
      respectively. Immunocytochemical results indicated that the localization obtained
      with this GABA antiserum largely corresponds with that reported after glutamate
      decarboxylase immunocytochemistry. The approach may have general applicability to
      other small molecules such as amino acids.

PMID- 6587398
TI  - Numbers of specific types of neuron in layer IVab of cat striate cortex.
AB  - Layer IVab of the visual cortex (area 17) of the cat contains about 51,400
      neurons per mm3, including about 400-1200 per mm3 of each of three categories of
      neuron believed from previous work to represent discrete types. Each type forms
      about 0.5-1.5% of all the IVab neurons, which suggests that the total number of
      types in this layer might be much greater than previously supposed, perhaps as
      many as 50 or more. From their densities and estimates of their dendritic fields,
      we calculate that each type completely "covers" layer IVab in the tangential
      plane but only by a small factor (1.3-4.2).

PMID- 6587399
TI  - Dopamine receptor turnover rates in rat striatum are age-dependent.
AB  - The time course of recovery of [3H]spiperone binding in the rat striatum after a
      single injection of the irreversible antagonist N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2
      dihydroquinoline (EEDQ) shows that a slower rate of regeneration/turnover of D-2
      dopamine receptors occurs in mid-life-mature versus young male rats. This slower
      receptor recovery reflects relatively slower rates of both receptor synthesis and
      degradation. Studies using cycloheximide indicate that protein synthesis plays a
      significant role in the reappearance of [3H]spiperone-binding sites. Other
      experiments indicate that chronic reserpine treatment, which produces dopamine
      receptor up regulation, also produces accelerated receptor recovery after EEDQ
      blockade. An age-related decline in dopamine receptor turnover, if present in
      humans and progressive into senescence, could be responsible for the increased
      risk of developing Parkinson disease and drug-induced parkinsonian-like
      extrapyramidal side effects with age. On the other hand, the more rapid receptor
      turnover rates seen in young rats may be a biochemical feature related to
      plasticity in the striatum during development.

PMID- 6587400
TI  - Inhibition of ovulation in rats with epostane, an inhibitor of 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
AB  - Epostane (Win 32729), an inhibitor of the 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
      enzyme system, inhibited both spontaneous and pregnant mare's serum/human
      chorionic gonadotropin-induced ovulation in rats. When administered on the
      morning of proestrus, the drug blocked pregnancy in females that were inseminated
      that evening. The blockage of pregnancy occurred at a dose of 200 mg/kg but not
      at 50 mg/kg. Similarly, when administered on the morning of proestrus at a dose
      of 200 mg/kg, epostane inhibited the appearance of ova in the oviducts the next
      day. In gonadotropin-primed immature rats, epostane inhibited ovulation in a dose
      related fashion with an ED50 between 25 and 50 mg/kg. The drug also decreased
      plasma progesterone levels in these animals. The inhibitory effect of epostane on
      gonadotropin-stimulated ovulation was reversed by injections of progesterone at a
      total daily dose of 6.25 mg/rat or greater. These results support the contention
      that steroidogenesis, specifically progesterone synthesis, is a prerequisite to
      ovulation.

PMID- 6587401
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide-induced inhibition of the immunosuppressive activity of
      cultured Friend erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - Two Friend leukemia virus-induced tumor cell lines lost their immunosuppressive
      properties in vitro when treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a known cellular
      differentiation agent. Incubation of the cell lines, GM 979 and GM 86, with DMSO
      for 4 days or longer, inhibited their ability to suppress the antibody forming
      capacity of normal murine spleen cells immunized in vitro with sheep red blood
      cells. Suppression of the inhibitory capability of the tumor cell lines by DMSO
      was time dependent. Three days incubation caused only slight, if any, inhibition,
      while a shorter period of treatment had no effect. Inhibition of the
      immunosuppressive properties of the tumor cell lines was not due to a decrease in
      tumor cell viability. The development of previously reported metabolic
      alterations in the treated cells, such as increased hemoglobin synthesis and
      other physicochemical alterations, paralleled cellular differentiation, and loss
      of immunosuppressive properties.

PMID- 6587402
TI  - Effect of pH on the gel filtration of prostaglandins.

PMID- 6587403
TI  - Influence of prostaglandins on bovine abomasum: biosynthesis and in vitro
      motility experiments.
AB  - Pieces of the fundus, antrum pyloricum and pyloric sphincter of abomasa from
      freshly killed cows were studied for their capacity to biotransform arachidonic
      acid (AA) and for the effects of PG's on their in vitro motility.
      Biotransformation experiments revealed an AA-conversion (3.8 to 11.5%) into
      cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase metabolites. The mucosa mainly synthetized
      hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acids (HETE's) and PGE2 + TXB2. For the muscularis PGI2
      was the major AA-metabolite. Incubation in the presence of indomethacin resulted
      in a reduction of the AA-conversion into cyclooxygenase metabolites. In the
      fundic strips the three PG's induced an increase in tension. In the antral strips
      PGF2 alpha and PGE2 resulted in an activation of spontaneous motility whereas
      PGI2 provoked a dose-dependent inhibition. The three PG's induced an inhibitory
      response in the tissue strips from the pyloric sphincter. The results suggest a
      possible function for PG's in the control of tone and motility of the bovine
      abomasum.

PMID- 6587404
TI  - Prostaglandin determination with fluorescent reagents.
AB  - Fluorescent derivatives of PGE2 as a model substance were formed with naphthyl
      isocyanate, anthracene isocyanate, 4-(6-methyl- benzothiazol -2-yl)phenyl
      isocyanate, benzocoumarin -3-carboxylic acid chloride and 4-bromomethyl-7-
      methoxycoumarin . The optimum conditions for derivatization with these reagents
      were investigated and the results were compared. Quantitative determination was
      performed by means of fluorodensitometric measurement of the derivatives. Using 4
      bromomethyl-7- methoxycoumarin as a reagent as little as 100 pg of the PGE2
      derivative can be detected.

PMID- 6587405
TI  - Preparation of prostaglandin E2 vaginal gel for preinduction ripening of the
      cervix.
AB  - Low dose prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) vaginal gel has been shown to be an effective
      method for preinduction ripening of the cervix. A method for preparation of this
      gel from commercially available reagents is described. A twenty milligram PGE2
      vaginal suppository ( Prostin , Upjohn) is added to 100 cc's of hydroxyethyl
      cellulose gel (K-Y Jelly, Johnson and Johnson), heated to 85 degrees C. Samples
      of this preparation were stored at a 4 degrees Centigrade (C) or 28 degrees C for
      one, six, or twenty-four hours. After storage, analysis by radioimmunoassay
      demonstrated there was no appreciable decrease in concentration of PGE2. A
      clinical useful prostaglandin E2 vaginal gel may be prepared from commercially
      available reagents under the conditions described.

PMID- 6587406
TI  - Validation of the direct radioimmunoassay of prostanoids in serum and kidney.
AB  - Results obtained from radioimmunoassay (RIA) at various stages of sample
      processing were compared in order to determine the degree of purification
      necessary to estimate levels of prostaglandins (PG) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2). In
      serum, TXB2 levels were closely comparable when assayed directly or after organic
      extraction and thin layer chromatography (TLC). Although concentrations of 6-keto
      PGF1 determined by both methods were correlated, levels were significantly
      overestimated by the direct method. PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels measured
      directly in acetone extracted kidney homogenate were almost identical with kidney
      homogenates taken through the full extraction procedure and TLC. After
      indomethacin treatment serum 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and PG levels in kidney homogenate
      assayed directly were markedly different from extracted values. Thus direct RIA
      of samples is reliable when prostanoid levels are high in relation to interfering
      substances, as with serum TXB2 and kidney homogenate 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and PGE2,
      but not for serum 6-keto-PGF1 alpha or following PG inhibition.

PMID- 6587407
TI  - Relation of rates of excretion of urinary prostaglandin E metabolites to
      administration of angiotensin, aldosterone, and spironolactone in vivo.
AB  - Using a new radioimmunoassay for measurement of the mixed urinary metabolites of
      prostaglandin E (U-PGE-M) as an indirect measure of the endogenous formation of
      prostaglandin E, the effect of aldosterone, angiotensin-II, and spironolactone on
      excretion rates of U-PGE-M in normal and adrenalectomized rat urines was studied.
      In normal rats, pharmacologically inactive doses of aldosterone and angiotensin
      II stimulated, while pharmacologically inactive doses of spironolactone inhibited
      U-PGE-M excretion in a linear, log-dose manner. Pharmacologically inactive doses
      of spironolactone inhibited aldosterone and angiotensin-II-stimulated U-PGE-M
      excretion, in a linear, log-dose relation. Adrenalectomy resulted in elevation of
      normal rat basal U-PGE-M excretion rate. Angiotensin-II further stimulated, and
      spironolactone depressed the elevated U-PGE-M levels of adrenalectomized rats.
      Spironolactone inhibited angiotensin-II-stimulated increase of U-PGE-M in
      adrenalectomized rats, the first unequivocal demonstration of inhibition of an
      effect of angiotensin-II by spironolactone. The results demonstrate a strong
      mechanistic relationship of aldosterone, angiotensin-II, spironolactone, to
      prostaglandin E (PGE), and demonstrate possible new pathways for regulating blood
      pressure via changes in phospholipase/prostaglandin synthetase activity.

PMID- 6587408
TI  - Local effect of thromboxane B2 on the contractility of the human non pregnant
      uterus.
AB  - The effect of intra-uterine instillation of 100 micrograms thromboxane B2 [TXB2]
      on the contractility of the non-pregnant uterus was studied in 30 subjects during
      the different phases of the menstrual cycle [menstrual, proliferative,
      periovulatory and secretory]. Twenty control cases received a similar volume of
      diluted ethanol. The TXB2 proved to be a powerful uterine stimulant at all phases
      and the response [maximum elevation in tonus and duration] appeared to be most
      pronounced in the secretory phase. The implication of these findings in the
      control of uterine activity is discussed.

PMID- 6587409
TI  - [Primary osteosarcoma of the base of the skull in Garcin syndrome].
AB  - This contribution presents a case study of a 17-year-old female patient with
      unilateral failure of several brain nerves within a period of five months.
      Further findings included fleeting homolateral signs of the small brain and,
      during the terminal phase, discrete hemiparesis. Diagnosis was based on the
      tomograms of the skull base and computerized tomography, which revealed a tumour
      at the base of the skull. During the obduction this was found to be a primary
      osteosarcoma. According to the literature it is rare for this kind of tumour to
      lead to Garcin 's syndrome.

PMID- 6587410
TI  - The efficiency of ECT: I. Response rate in depressive episodes.
AB  - A great deal of variation in opinion and practice remains regarding the most
      efficient use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treating depression. In this
      study we used an estimate of maximal improvement point to look at the rate of
      response to conventional ECT (one seizure per session, three times per week) in
      66 patients with depressive episodes. Of the variables examined, increasing age
      was found to be significantly associated with slower response rate. Comparison of
      our results with studies of the multiple seizure technique suggests that giving
      multiple seizures per session does not speed response rate. We therefore conclude
      that within the limits of current clinical practice age is probably more
      important than number of frequency of seizures in determining the rate at which
      depression responds to ECT.

PMID- 6587411
TI  - Symptoms and subtypes of depression among adolescents distinguished by the
      dexamethasone suppression test: a preliminary report.
AB  - Twenty-three adolescents hospitalized on an inpatient psychiatric unit underwent
      a dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and were diagnosed as having major
      depressive disorder by interviewers blind to the DST results. These patients were
      divided into four categories according to whether they had major depressive
      disorders, endogenous ( MDDe ) or nonendogenous (MDD), and whether they were
      nonsuppressors (+) or suppressors (-) in response to the DST, i.e., MDDe (+),
      MDDe (-), MDD (+), or MDD (-). Psychomotor features significantly differentiated
      the MDDe group from the MDD group. Among symptoms this further differentiated the
      MDDe (+) from the MDD (-) group. The primary subtype of depression occurred
      significantly more frequently among the MDDe group than the MDD group. The
      primary subtype also occurred more frequently among the MDDe (+) group than the
      MDD (-) group, whereas the MDD (-) group had a greater frequency of secondary
      depression.

PMID- 6587412
TI  - Plasma L-tryptophan/neutral amino acid ratio and dexamethasone suppression in
      depression.
AB  - We examined the ratio of plasma L-tryptophan (L-TRP) to other neutral amino acids
      (NAA) in normal controls and depressed patients undergoing a dexamethsone
      suppression test (DST). The L-TRP/NAA ratio discriminated controls from patients;
      however, there was no difference in the mean L-TRP/NAA ratio between DST
      suppressors and nonsuppressors. The cortisol level measured at 1600h
      postdexamethasone and the L-TRP/NAA ratio were positively correlated. The 1600h
      postdexamethasone cortisol levels accounted for 24% of the variance of Hamilton
      Depression Rating Scale ( HDRS ) scores. The inclusion of L-TRP/NAA ratios with
      1600h postdexamethasone cortisol levels in a multiple regression equation
      resulted in an increase in this value and accounted for 65% of the variance in
      HDRS scores. The finding supports the use of multivariate biological models in
      depression.

PMID- 6587413
TI  - Platelet monoamine oxidase and clinical phenomenology of schizophrenia.
AB  - Platelet monoamine oxidase activity (MAO) was determined in 39 unmedicated
      chronic schizophrenic patients and 88 normal control subjects. Platelet MAO
      activity did not distinguish paranoid from nonparanoid patients or patients who
      met Taylor and Abrams criteria for narrowly defined schizophrenia from other
      schizophrenics. Enzyme activity was not related to either prognostic scores or
      age at onset of illness. MAO activity was decreased in patients compared to
      controls, and was lower in males than in females. Our findings indicate that
      clinical phenomenology, as defined in the present study, is of limited use in
      identifying biological subtypes of schizophrenia with deviant platelet MAO
      activity.

PMID- 6587414
TI  - Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in the psychoses: relationship to symptoms
      and lithium response.
AB  - The kinetics of platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) were studied in 100 psychotic
      and manic patients and 36 controls. No relationship was found between MAO
      activity and response to lithium in the schizophrenic-like illnesses. However,
      the data do suggest there is an association between enzyme affinity (Km) and
      specific symptom clusters. Patients with the low Km variant of platelet MAO are
      enriched in depressive symptoms, while those with the high Km variant are
      enriched in manic symptoms.

PMID- 6587415
TI  - Cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease: distinguishing between effort
      demanding and automatic cognitive processes.
AB  - The study was designed to define some of the elements of cognitive impairments
      evident in unmedicated Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Unlike patients with
      progressive dementias such as Alzheimer's disease, untreated, mildly to
      moderately affected PD patients are efficient at accessing previously acquired
      knowledge. They also can learn and remember information that can be processed
      "automatically," using operations requiring little cognitive capacity. However,
      PD patients demonstrate relatively specific cognitive impairments for effort
      demanding processes. These findings are clinically useful, but also help define
      the boundaries of psychobiologically distinct cognitive (memory-learning)
      processes.

PMID- 6587416
TI  - The interpersonal impact approach to patient assessment: specific links between
      psychotics' symptoms and staff's feelings.
AB  - Specific links between the subjective feelings of inpatient staff members and the
      symptoms of their chronic psychotic patients were explored. The staff's feelings
      were assessed by a new structured interview. The patients' symptoms were measured
      by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Results suggest that differences among
      staff responses can be adequately described using four dimensions and each of
      these dimensions has a specific link with patient symptoms on the BPRS.

PMID- 6587417
TI  - Regular or decaffeinated coffee and subsequent human aggressive behavior.
AB  - A new methodology was used to study the effects of coffee on human aggressive
      behavior in a laboratory situation. Aggressive responding was elicited by
      subtracting money from the research subjects, an action which was attributed to a
      fictitious person. Regular coffee compared to decaffeinated coffee produced
      decreases in aggressive responses, but increased nonaggressive monetary
      reinforced responding. Thus, the suppressing effect of regular coffee on
      aggressive responding was not due to a nonspecific depressant action.

PMID- 6587418
TI  - Reduced haloperidol in the post-mortem brains of haloperidol-treated patients.
AB  - We measured the concentrations of haloperidol and its reduced alcohol metabolite
      in human post-mortem tissues with high-performance/liquid chromatography using
      electrochemical detection. Both haloperidol and reduced haloperidol were detected
      and quantified in the occipital cortex of nine schizophrenic patients with a
      history of haloperidol treatment, but not in six samples from nontreated
      subjects. Reduced haloperidol concentrations were below the detection limit of
      the assay in several tissues of rats and mice even after 10 days of haloperidol
      treatment. The results suggest that reduced haloperidol is present in the brains
      of haloperidol-treated patients at slightly higher concentrations than
      haloperidol itself. Further studies are warranted to establish the possible
      biological importance of this haloperidol metabolite.

PMID- 6587419
TI  - Treatment of lip commissure burns with a commissural stabilizing splint.

PMID- 6587421
TI  - Photography in the dental practice (II).

PMID- 6587420
TI  - An evaluation of occlusal contact marking indicators: a descriptive, qualitative
      method.

PMID- 6587422
TI  - Root transplantation and semipermanent fixed restorations: a preliminary report.

PMID- 6587424
TI  - The use of onlays and pin splints as fixed bridge retainers: a conservative
      approach.

PMID- 6587423
TI  - Clinical manipulative properties of silicone impression materials.

PMID- 6587425
TI  - Periodontal complications associated with teeth involved in the line of
      mandibular fracture.

PMID- 6587426
TI  - Fiberoptic light sources and handpieces.

PMID- 6587427
TI  - Elimination and simulation of white enamel discoloration (I).

PMID- 6587428
TI  - Arch leveling and alignment effectiveness of two types of wire (II): a graphic
      interpretation.

PMID- 6587429
TI  - Treatment of periodontal abscess: a rationalized approach.

PMID- 6587430
TI  - The value of performance appraisals in the dental office.

PMID- 6587431
TI  - Changes in surface roughness of restorative resins in a bruxing primate.

PMID- 6587432
TI  - Management of the pregnant patient.

PMID- 6587433
TI  - [Theoretical evaluation of the effectiveness of fractionated irradiation of
      malignant cells with different radiosensitivities].
AB  - A theoretical study was made of the survival rate of some malignant cell types
      after fractionated irradiation. It was shown that with the fractionation regimes,
      which were equivalent with a reference to tolerance of normal connective tissue,
      the level of malignant cell survival depended significantly on both the
      radiosensitivity of these cells and the dose-fractionation regimes.

PMID- 6587434
TI  - Asymptomatic scrotal masses in children.
AB  - The ultrasound scans of 16 boys with asymptomatic scrotal masses were
      retrospectively studied. Ultrasound localized seven of the masses as primary
      testicular lesions and nine as extratesticular lesions, six of which were
      hydroceles. Ultrasonography also characterized the scrotal masses as
      predominantly cystic or solid. Ultrasound could not differentiate benign from
      malignant disease when a solid mass was found. When a hydrocele was identified,
      ultrasound was able to image the underlying testis and accurately evaluate it for
      primary disease. These ultrasound observations can help the surgeon decide when
      to explore the scrotum and whether to approach the testes via an inguinal or
      scrotal incision. Conversely, ultrasonographic confirmation of a normal testis
      may prevent needless surgery and the removal of a normal testis.

PMID- 6587435
TI  - RN disconnects respirator--Pt. Dies: license reinstated.

PMID- 6587436
TI  - [Dental alloys].

PMID- 6587437
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on pulmonary rapidly-adapting-receptors in the
      guinea pig.
AB  - Pulmonary rapidly-adapting-receptors ( RARs ) are sensory nerve endings whose
      afferent fibers can be recorded in the vagus nerve. RARs may play a role in
      reflex bronchoconstriction as seen in anaphylaxis. They can be stimulated by
      chemical mediators of anaphylaxis, such as prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha).
      PGF2 alpha aerosol was administered to saline and bovine serum albumin (BSA)
      treated guinea pigs while recording the activity of RARs . PGF2 alpha (250
      micrograms/ml) given for 7-13 minutes increased both tracheal pressure and nerve
      activity over that produced by saline exposure in untreated guinea pigs. PGF2
      alpha administered for three minutes (5-100 micrograms/ml) increased RAR nerve
      activity in a dose-related manner in the first five minutes of the experiment
      only in the BSA treated guinea pigs. Since changes in tracheal pressure did not
      show a significant dose-response relationship, the RARs responding to PGF2 alpha
      seemed to be stimulated by a direct mechanism. No correlation was shown between
      tracheal pressure and RAR nerve activity during PGF2 alpha treatment. Whereas, a
      significant correlation was found between tracheal pressure and RAR nerve
      activity during histamine aerosol treatment (r = 0.985). Histamine aerosol (1 to
      1000 micrograms/ml, 3 min.) increased intratracheal pressure for 3 out of 4
      doses. RAR nerve activity increased significantly only at the highest dose.
      Therefore, a possible direct effect of PGF2 alpha upon RARs exists while the
      effect of histamine seems dependent upon changes in airway pressure in the guinea
      pig.

PMID- 6587438
TI  - Neuroeffector actions of prostaglandin D2 on isolated dog mesenteric arteries.
AB  - Treatment with prostaglandin (PG) D2 in concentrations (10(-8) to 10(-7) M)
      insufficient to alter the basal tone potentiated the contractile response of
      helical strips of dog mesenteric arteries to transmural electrical stimulation
      but did not influence the response to norepinephrine. The potentiating effect of
      PGD2 was not prevented by treatment with diphloretin phosphate, a PG antagonist,
      whereas contractions of dog cerebral arteries induced by PGD2 were suppressed.
      The 3H-overflow evoked by transmural stimulation in superfused mesenteric
      arterial strips previously soaked in 3H-norepinephrine containing media was
      significantly increased in PGD2. It is concluded that PGD2 increases the
      stimulation-evoked release of norepinephrine from adrenergic nerves innervating
      the arterial wall. PGD2 appears to act differently on receptive sites responsible
      for increasing the release of norepinephrine and for producing arterial
      contraction.

PMID- 6587439
TI  - Characterization of prostaglandin formation by human amnion cells in monolayer
      culture.
AB  - In the present investigation, we found that among the prostanoids that human
      amnion cells, which are maintained in monolayer culture, secrete into the culture
      medium, prostaglandin E2 is by far the predominant one. In the presence of
      inhibitors of prostaglandin synthase, the production of prostaglandin E2 by these
      cells is abolished. Amnion cells maintained in the presence of fetal calf serum
      produce greater quantities of prostaglandin E2 than do cells maintained in
      serumless medium. In the amnion cells, there is little or no metabolism of
      prostaglandin E2; this also is true of amnion tissue. The unique characteristics
      of prostaglandin biosynthesis and metabolism by human amnion cells in monolayer
      culture are identical with those of human amnion tissue. Hence, we suggest that
      amnion cells in culture constitute an excellent model for investigations of the
      regulation of prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis in this tissue.

PMID- 6587440
TI  - Interaction of vasopressin and prostaglandins in the nonpregnant human uterus.
AB  - The interaction of vasopressin (VP) and prostaglandins (PG) on the nonpregnant
      human uterus was studied in vitro and in vivo. In organ baths arginine (A)- and
      lysine (L)-VP in concentrations of 0.6 to 100 ng/ml stimulated small human
      myometrial strips and uterine artery preparations to a similar degree. When these
      VPs were given in the presence of indomethacin or naproxen in concentrations of 1
      microgram/ml and 5 micrograms/ml, respectively, the myometrial and arterial
      responses were not significantly influenced. PGF2 alpha in concentrations of 0.01
      100 ng/ml stimulated the myometrial preparations but caused a slight relaxation
      of the arteries, with PGE2 the myometrial effects were insignificant and the
      relaxation of the arteries greater. When AVP was given together with either of
      the PGs to the bath the result was generally a summation of the individual
      effects of both types of substances.--In vivo during intrauterine pressure
      recordings in nonpregnant women 1-2 days before onset of menstruation LVP in
      single intravenous injection of 1.2 micrograms markedly stimulated uterine
      contractions. The response remained practically unaltered after pretreatment with
      500 micrograms of naproxen given orally. The responses to LVP were also closely
      similar before, during and after intravenous infusion of PGF2 alpha at a rate of
      5 micrograms/min.--It is concluded that the effect of VP on myometrium and
      uterine arteries is not to any great extent mediated by local synthesis of PG and
      that PGs do not cause potentiation or inhibition of the VP effects on the
      nonpregnant uterus.

PMID- 6587441
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin E2 alpha on the hCG-stimulated progesterone production by
      human corpora lutea.
AB  - The effect of prostaglandin PGF2 alpha on the hCG stimulated and basal
      progesterone production by human corpora lutea was examined in vitro. hCG (40
      i.u./ml) stimulated progesterone formation in corpora lutea of early (days 16-19
      of a normal 28 day cycle), mid (days 20-22) and late (days 23-27) luteal phases.
      This stimulation was inhibited by PGF2 alpha (10 micrograms/ml) in corpora lutea
      of mid and late luteal phases. PGF2 alpha alone did not show a consistent effect
      on basal progesterone production. The inhibition of hCG stimulated progesterone
      production by PGF2 alpha at times corresponding to luteolysis indicates a role
      for that prostaglandin in the process of luteolysis in the human corpus luteum.

PMID- 6587442
TI  - Studies on the luteolytic activity of MDL-646, a new gastroprotective PGE1
      analogue, in the hamster.
AB  - MDL-646, 11,15-dihydroxy-16-methyl-16-methoxy-9-oxo- prost -13-en-1-oic acid
      methyl ester, is one of the most active members of a new class of PGE1 analogues
      with potent gastric cytoprotective and antisecretory activity. The potential
      luteolytic activities of MDL-646 and its corresponding PGE2 derivative, L 14224
      were assessed from their ability to terminate pregnancy and to reduce plasma
      progesterone levels in the hamster. PGE1 and PGE2 were used as reference
      compounds. The biological and biochemical data clearly demonstrate that these 16
      methyl-16-methoxy PGE derivatives, given s.c. or p.o. either once or for 3 days,
      have no luteolytic effects up to a daily dose of 2-2.5 mg/kg, and are therefore
      at most 1/2 to 1/4 as luteolytic as the parent natural PGEs. The dissociation
      between gastroprotective and luteolytic activity was interpreted to indicate that
      these new PGE derivatives have a specific action.

PMID- 6587443
TI  - Effects of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone on the levels of prostaglandins F2
      alpha and E in human endometrium.
AB  - 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone were administered to post-menopausal women to
      determine their effects in vivo on the capacity of human endometrium to
      synthesize prostaglandins (PGs) F2 alpha and E. Basal amounts of PGF2 alpha and
      PGE synthesized by endometrium exposed to 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone were
      significantly higher than the levels produced by endometrium exposed to 17 beta
      estradiol alone (p less than 0.02 for both PGs). Levels found in the former
      endometrium were broadly comparable to levels in secretory endometrium and in the
      latter to amounts found in proliferative endometrium of spontaneous, ovulatory
      cycles.

PMID- 6587444
TI  - Research needs for biotic environmental effects of genetically-engineered
      microorganisms.

PMID- 6587445
TI  - Proposal to add a new section III-A-4 to the guidelines and to devise mechanisms
      to review proposals involving genetic engineering in humans.

PMID- 6587446
TI  - The Food and Drug Administration's Points to Consider in Recombinant DNA
      Technology.

PMID- 6587447
TI  - A partial summary of university-industry relationships in the United States.

PMID- 6587449
TI  - [Properties and trituration of a non-gamma 2 phase amalgam].

PMID- 6587448
TI  - [Composition of subgingival microflora in periodontal pockets of various depths].

PMID- 6587450
TI  - [Evaluation of biomechanical preparation. A preclinical endodontic method].

PMID- 6587451
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy of macrophages. Preliminary observations in
      periapical granuloma].

PMID- 6587452
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of free gingival grafts placed over a denuded periosteum].

PMID- 6587453
TI  - [A new histopathological method for the diagnosis of periapical processes].

PMID- 6587454
TI  - [Biocompatibility of a glass ionomer].

PMID- 6587455
TI  - [Characteristics and properties of an epoxy resin used for dies].

PMID- 6587456
TI  - [Laboratory properties and clinical behavior of 3 amalgam alloys].

PMID- 6587457
TI  - [Focal epithelial hyperplasia: prevalence and distribution in the Argentinian
      population].

PMID- 6587458
TI  - [A in vitro study of sectional arch wires. Influence of diameter, length and
      activation].

PMID- 6587459
TI  - [Osteogenesis imperfecta: presentation of 3 clinical cases].

PMID- 6587460
TI  - [Supragingival plaque and smooth surface caries in children undergoing preventive
      measures].

PMID- 6587461
TI  - [New possibilities in pit and fissure sealants].

PMID- 6587462
TI  - [Personalized program for diet control].

PMID- 6587463
TI  - [Preventive programs. Proposals for organization of clinical care].

PMID- 6587464
TI  - [Poor posture. III. A study of the environmental conditions in the dental
      workplace].

PMID- 6587465
TI  - [Morbidity of periodontal disease].

PMID- 6587466
TI  - [The community and orthodontics. II. Preliminary data on the program application
      September 1977-December 1980].

PMID- 6587467
TI  - [Gingivopathies in adolescents].

PMID- 6587468
TI  - [Evaluation of a surgical technic for the extraction of third molar tooth germs].

PMID- 6587469
TI  - [Mandibular fractures. Statistical study].

PMID- 6587471
TI  - [Poor posture. IV. Peripheral vascular disorders].

PMID- 6587470
TI  - [Clinical trial of a caries preventive treatment based on the remineralization of
      the enamel: a preliminary study].

PMID- 6587472
TI  - [Effect of a toothbrushing method in relation to inflammation of the marginal
      gingiva and the menstrual cycle].

PMID- 6587473
TI  - [Extraction of the 3rd molars under general anesthesia].

PMID- 6587474
TI  - [Streptococcus mutans in relation to dental caries].

PMID- 6587475
TI  - [Prevalence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in the city of Havana].

PMID- 6587476
TI  - [Periodontal disease and level of oral hygiene in a group of patients undergoing
      orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6587477
TI  - [Reduction rhinoplasty. Evaluation of 20 patients].

PMID- 6587478
TI  - [Periodontal disease in relation to oral hygiene and estrogen status in a group
      of women of various ages].

PMID- 6587479
TI  - [Prevalence of retained 3rd molars in the students at the School of Dentistry,
      ISCM, Havana, during 1975-76, 1976-77 and 1977-78 academic years].

PMID- 6587480
TI  - [Evaluation of a modification of the Love oral hygiene index].

PMID- 6587481
TI  - [The N panoramic view and its use in the diagnosis of maxillomandibular cysts].

PMID- 6587482
TI  - [The most frequent etiological factors in periodontal disease].

PMID- 6587483
TI  - [Caries and malocclusion in children from a health sector of Santa Clara city].

PMID- 6587484
TI  - [The importance of a detection program for cancer of the mouth].

PMID- 6587485
TI  - [Practical guide to office arrangement].

PMID- 6587486
TI  - [The effect of dental treatment in the origin of anxiety in the dental patient].

PMID- 6587487
TI  - [Matrices in conservative dentistry. Classification and description for amalgams
      according to the anchorage system].

PMID- 6587488
TI  - [Color in dental porcelain].

PMID- 6587489
TI  - [Review of the demineralization-remineralization process].

PMID- 6587490
TI  - [Matrices in conservative dentistry. Special matrices].

PMID- 6587491
TI  - [Gingivectomy].

PMID- 6587492
TI  - [Anxiety in dental patients. Study and evaluation of 65 cases].

PMID- 6587493
TI  - [General precedents for preventive programs in oral health in the Republic of
      Colombia].

PMID- 6587494
TI  - [Toothbrushes. Toothbrushing and dentifrices. Abrasivity].

PMID- 6587495
TI  - [Ethical conduct in biomedical research. II. Ethical aspects of the relationship
      between the biomedical sciences and society].

PMID- 6587496
TI  - Significance of circulating megakaryocytes in chronic myeloproliferative
      syndromes.

PMID- 6587498
TI  - A computer program supermarket--at last!

PMID- 6587497
TI  - Analysis of linkage and association for diseases of genetic aetiology.
AB  - This presentation attempts to clarify certain caveats that apply to the use of
      linkage analysis when the genetics of one of the characters is not completely
      known. The effects of linkage and association can be difficult to distinguish
      both within pedigrees and across the general population. Linkage analysis methods
      are not robust to departures from the assumptions of the model. These assumptions
      do not allow for the possibility that association may be present which is due to
      both genetic systems having an effect on one of the phenotypes. Analysis directed
      towards detecting the presence of such association may be affected by
      stratification when unrelated individuals are analysed and is confounded by
      linkage if this is present when related individuals are analysed. Testing for and
      estimating linkage simultaneously with association using whole pedigree data is
      advocated and an outline of the required approach is given.

PMID- 6587499
TI  - The duty of a commercial dental laboratory to administer first aid to an
      employee.

PMID- 6587500
TI  - Be prepared for medical emergencies.

PMID- 6587501
TI  - CDT today: the inside story.

PMID- 6587502
TI  - Why should I incorporate my dental laboratory?

PMID- 6587503
TI  - Strategic planning: can it improve dental laboratory profits?

PMID- 6587504
TI  - So you want to buy a computer?

PMID- 6587506
TI  - Guidelines for serving on an Advisory Committee of a dental technology education
      program developed by the NADL Education Committee.

PMID- 6587505
TI  - CDT today: an overview of the practical tests.

PMID- 6587507
TI  - Radiographic case of the month. Aldosterone secreting adrenal tumor.

PMID- 6587508
TI  - The American Medical Association and technology assessment.

PMID- 6587509
TI  - Clinical experiences with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in human subjects. Approval
      must be withheld until safety in extended use is established.

PMID- 6587510
TI  - Radiographic diagnosis of intramuscular lipoma.

PMID- 6587511
TI  - Rhode Island health plan implementation priorities. A mutual commitment to
      improve health care in Rhode Island should be our goal.

PMID- 6587512
TI  - Depression following cranial radiation for brain tumor.

PMID- 6587513
TI  - Traffic fatalities in Rhode Island: Part II. The timing of accidents and the role
      of marital status, alcohol, and psychoactive drugs.

PMID- 6587514
TI  - Alzheimer's disease presenting as slowly progressive aphasia.

PMID- 6587515
TI  - The intramuscular use of thiothixene in severely disturbed and agitated patients.

PMID- 6587516
TI  - [Major histocompatibility complex (HLA, AB, DR and Bf) in a family with
      ankylosing spondylarthritis].

PMID- 6587517
TI  - [Cross reactions of HLA A and B antigens in 63 patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis].
AB  - Cross reactions are very frequently observed when HLA A and B antigens are
      determined by a routine lymphocytotoxicity method. Such cross reactions are
      probably due to biochemical structural similarities shared by several HLA
      antigens. In this work, we studied the cross reactions which occurred during HLA
      A and B typing of 63 patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis
      (RA) according to the ARA criteria. No association was found between RA and any
      single HLA A or B antigen. In contrast, when cross reactions were taken into
      account, the B8 B14 cross reactant group frequency was increased in RA patients
      (34,9 p. cent) as compared to controls (20 p. cent, p less than 0,004) and was
      even more clearly elevated in the 42 seropositive RA patients (40,5 p. cent, p
      less than 0,002). No relation was found between HLA phenotype and Sjogren's
      syndrome even when cross reactions were considered. The B8 DR3 haplotype has been
      shown to be associated with drug intolerance . The B8 B14 cross reactant group
      was present in 22 out of our 63 RA patients, 16 of whom were B8+. Among the
      latter, 6 patients exhibited poor tolerance to gold salts and 6 other patients
      did not respond to gold therapy, suggesting that the B8 antigen could predict not
      only a poor tolerance but also a poor response to disease modifying drugs.

PMID- 6587518
TI  - [Study of the remote results of five cases of unilateral condylar hyperplasia in
      the adult].
AB  - Exceptionally bilateral, condylar hyperplasia result in graduated facial
      asymmetry . The principal treatment is the condylectomy. (Condylar head and a
      portion of the neck of the condyle are removed.) Sometimes we must complete this
      condylectomy by mandibular osteotomy or resection of a segment of body of the
      mandible. The occlusal relationships of the teeth are affected by this process.
      That's why surgery treatment must be associated with orthodontics and prosthetic
      preparations. We use in post-operative immediate an intermaxillary fixation and
      traction by elastics. This allow to have a better congruence between the dental
      arches, and spare functional troubles.

PMID- 6587519
TI  - [The dangers of Trauner's operation].
AB  - The technique described by Trauner for using retro-condylar cartilaginous
      implants is outlined, and the complications observed indicated. External or
      inferior luxation of the implant leads to recurrence of the deformity, whereas no
      inconvenience is caused by the opening of the joint. These pitfalls led to the
      use of a modified technique in which the cartilaginous implant is introduced into
      the supra-meniscal cavity of the temporo-mandibular joint.

PMID- 6587521
TI  - [Current aspects of xeroderma pigmentosum: apropos of two new cases].
AB  - Two recent cases of children treated for xeroderma pigmentosum are reported, and
      knowledge of the disease updated based on numerous reports published over the
      last few years, particularly by french authors ( Vaillant et al., 1979 and Mouly
      , Dufourmentel and Papadopoulos , 1980). Points discussed include the similarity
      of histology and course of the malignant cutaneous lesions with those of adult
      outdoor workers (co- carcinogenic role of ultraviolet rays ?), and the effect of
      the introduction of vitamin A acid into treatment on the course of the general
      and cutaneous lesions (immunocompetence, tumoral growth rate). A further feature
      discussed is the question raised by the surgical attitude: radical, extensive and
      mutilating as in the first case, or limited and conservative, with consequent
      long-term inconveniences, as in the second case. The persistence of an extremely
      poor prognosis after more than a century of study of the disease (it received its
      name from Kaposi as early as 1882. . . !!) is a strong argument for imposing the
      preventive measures which are still applied with difficulty at the present time.

PMID- 6587520
TI  - [Nasogenial flaps].
AB  - A large epidermoid carcinoma of the lower lip in an elderly patient was treated
      by excision followed by reconstruction by means of a double nasogenial flap. The
      postoperative course was complicated by necrosis and then rejection of the flap.
      Spontaneous healing assisted by local treatment produced a satisfactory
      functional as well as esthetic result.

PMID- 6587522
TI  - [Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome. A new case].
AB  - A patient with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia presented the three classical
      symptoms necessary to establish an early diagnosis: hypotrichosis, absence or
      reduction in number of teeth, and absence or diminution of sweat glands.
      Radiological examination of the maxillary bones (particularly a panoramic image)
      and skin biopsy provided confirmation of diagnosis. The course of Christ-Siemens
      syndrome is dominated by the extent of the thermal disorders during the first
      three months of life, and the functional and psychological disturbances related
      to the absence of the teeth and to the "appearance" of the patient.

PMID- 6587523
TI  - [Paget's disease involving the face. Apropos of 4 cases].
AB  - This study describes four cases of Paget's deforming dystrophy involving the jaw.
      In three of them the course of the disease affected only the bone involved whilst
      in the fourth the bones of the vault of the skull and some cranial nerves were
      affected in time. The prevalence of the female sex and of involvement of the
      maxilla was evident. The mandible was involved in only one case. Biochemical
      abnormalities were the same in all cases as well as being identical to those in
      cases of Paget's disease with multiple bone involvement. The authors suggest
      medical treatment (calcitonin, Na etidronate, mitramycin ) and surgery only when
      required for bone remodelling when there is interference with function.

PMID- 6587524
TI  - [Untimely extraction in mandibular sarcoma. Apropos of 2 cases].
AB  - Two patients with chondrosarcoma and fibrosarcoma of the mandible respectively
      were seen after abusive extraction of first molars from the tumoral regions. It
      is essential to recognize presenting signs of mandibular tumors since dental
      extractions are contraindicated in these cases. These untimely procedures
      increase the delay between the onset of the first clinical signs, the diagnosis,
      and the start of therapy, and thus make for a poorer prognosis.

PMID- 6587525
TI  - [Mandibular osteitis and tertiary syphilis].
AB  - The authors report the case of a 65 years old man, who suffered from an osteitis,
      involving the mandible. Within a few months, and despite of a well established
      treatment, sequestration occurred following a pathologic fracture. No specific
      germ was encountered after several laboratory examinations. The discovery of a
      primary syphilis forty years ago, confrontation of clinic and paraclinic data,
      suggested the actual osteitis could be a complication of tertiary syphilis. A
      specific treatment was started, and the situation improved progressively. After
      five months of treatment, mandibular reconstruction was decided. Diagnostic
      arguments are discussed, and the case is compared with those, not numerous,
      reported in the literature.

PMID- 6587526
TI  - [Pitfalls in the symptomatology of orthodontics].
AB  - Certain anatomical characteristics typical of infancy may be the cause of
      problems during clinical examinations in orthodontics. The rounded cheeks of our
      small patients often mask the presence of a cephalic dysymmetry . Furthermore,
      the particular relation between the gums and the dental crowns makes it more
      difficult for evaluation of the vestibulo-lingual and mesio-distal inclinations
      of the teeth and the interpretation of the articulation. However, most pitfalls
      arise during examination of the buccal musculature at rest and during activity.
      These errors in infants can be avoided by the use of simple precautions.

PMID- 6587527
TI  - [Pitfalls in restorative dentistry].
AB  - The first part of this report contains data on the pitfalls which may be
      encountered during the diagnosis of conditions for which reconstructive dentistry
      is applicable: dental caries, pulpitis, pulpo -arthritis, desmodontitis . The
      second part enumerates possible pitfalls during reconstructive dental surgery:
      anesthesia, arsenical dressings, use of canal pins and of ozone, canal obturation
      and its immediate consequences, nerve root artefacts and sections under
      anesthesia, apical cysts, caries obturation.

PMID- 6587528
TI  - [Supernumerary molars].
AB  - Supernumerary molars are a rather uncommon anomaly. It is more frequent in the
      upper than in the lower maxillary. Its pathology is often subdued and as a
      general rule it is detected by X-Ray. In our opinion, its setting shows two
      processes: --either an extra growth; it is then a normal tooth similar in shape
      to the wisdom tooth; --or an evagination of the external epithelial sheath giving
      way to a cone-shaped laterally set tooth.

PMID- 6587529
TI  - [Supernumerary teeth].
AB  - Through a study of 68 patients, presenting 84 supernumerary teeth all together
      and, after a thorough survey of the literature, we can now state accurately about
      the frequency, location, surgery, X-Ray and heredity involved. After recalling
      and discussing the various pathological theories already set up, a theory has
      been put forward, more specifically intent on the explanation of frequent
      supernumerary teeth in the upper front teeth area. Nevertheless, the theories of
      extra growth and the overgrowth of the external layer remain worth while to
      explain some other locations.

PMID- 6587530
TI  - [Results of dental homografts. Nine years after a publication on 25 homografts,
      what remains and what should be considered].
AB  - Several years ago I was pleased to announce the introduction of homografts, and
      in spite of the numerous reservations of authors (including those of Professor
      Dechaume ), I was strongly convinced of their feasibility. Following the
      publication by Dr. Brunel of a report on one of his patients who had had a dental
      graft performed by Dr. Cserepfalvi in the USA, I have personally used homografts
      consisting of the introduction of a tooth germ in the place of a tooth with the
      hope that it will continue to develop.

PMID- 6587531
TI  - [Psychologic and psychiatric environment in the correction of facial
      dysmorphism].
AB  - Stomatologists well know that phenotype can reproduce a lot of abnormal genotype
      aspects, in facial growth. These vitiations are bound to abnormal behaviours
      during such functions as: deglutition, breathing, oral expression. It is
      important to know if "wrong para-functions" adopted in such praxies are
      psychologically significant. Very often, the psychiatrist only, will be able to
      confirm or oppose contra-indication about the surgical treatment of facial
      abnormalities in such special cases, known or unknown.

PMID- 6587532
TI  - [Surgical approach of a vertical problem: the long face syndrome].
AB  - After a clinical review of the "long face syndrome", authors look on surgical
      therapies: Mandibular osteotomies often relapse because of muscular problems;
      maxillary surgery is preferred, associated with genioplasties , or else, with
      anterior and simultaneous mandibular osteotomies. They allow to obtain the
      desired result. Maxillary surgery has a triple advantage: a new balance for the
      face the upward and forward antirotation of mandible close the Open Bite the
      achievement of facial esthetics (alar base width, para-nasal areas and nasolabial
      angle). Results are shown; they would have been impossible without occlusal,
      surgical and orthodontic cooperation.

PMID- 6587533
TI  - [Sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular ramus. Anatomical and technical
      considerations. Apropos of 2 complications].
AB  - Two patients developed complications, one a facial palsy and one a carotid artery
      pseudo-aneurysm, following sagittal osteotomy of the rami of the mandible, as
      previously described by Trauner - Obwegeser and Dalpont . The responsibility of
      compressive phenomena provoked by mandibular retraction in the appearance of
      these complications is evoked, together with the risk of recurrence. To avoid
      this compression of retromandibular soft tissues a technique of sagittal
      osteotomy of the rami of the mandible is performed, based on the lines first
      described by Dalpont in 1961 and adopted by Epker in 1977. This well-founded
      procedure is a result of applying the anatomical structure of the mandible and
      its muscle insertions to the development of the surgical procedure.

PMID- 6587534
TI  - [Mechanical and chemical control of dental plaque].

PMID- 6587535
TI  - [Psychology in the complete care of dental patients].

PMID- 6587536
TI  - [Diagnostic etiology of periodontal disease].

PMID- 6587538
TI  - [Dentistry: healing art or health profession?].

PMID- 6587537
TI  - [Preventive dentistry for the 3rd age group].

PMID- 6587539
TI  - [The public hospital and Social Security].

PMID- 6587540
TI  - [Orodental diseases as a cause of exemption from military service].

PMID- 6587541
TI  - [Mass media communications and dentistry].

PMID- 6587543
TI  - [The association report on health education and control of mass media
      communications].

PMID- 6587542
TI  - [Cardiovascular disease and the dentist].

PMID- 6587544
TI  - Current methods in direct imaging of uterine and ovarian tumours.

PMID- 6587545
TI  - Specifications of endoscopic ultrasonography.
AB  - In this paper we are going to describe the specifications of endoscopic
      ultrasonography using the equipment type III (Olympus GF- UMI ) on a basis of
      experiences in 45 patients during the past one year. The main body of the
      instrument is a standard type of gastroscope, Olympus GF-B3. The ultrasonic probe
      is incorporated into the tip of the endoscope. This instrument makes possible
      endoscopic visualization of the UGI tract and, at the same one time, allows us to
      do ultrasonic scanning of internal organs in the neighbourhood of the UGI tract.
      The better resolution of ultrasonic image is definitely obtained with this
      instrument than that of the conventional ultrasonography because its
      ultrasonography is intraluminally performed with high frequency transducer of 7.5
      MHz and the image is never disturbed by the gastroduodenal gas nor the abdominal
      wall tissues. Endoscopic ultrasonography using the equipment type III is useful
      as a new diagnostic tool of great value in gastroenterology. However, there still
      remain a few mechanical points to be improved. It is desired that the rigid
      section of the tip of the endoscope is shortened more and the stability of the
      endoscopic image is guaranteed. These improvements would heighten its diagnostic
      value.

PMID- 6587546
TI  - Detection of atrial and ventricular septum defects by transoesophageal two
      dimensional echocardiography with a mechanical sectorscanner.
AB  - Two-dimensional (transthoracic) echocardiography (2DE) and two-dimensional
      endoscopic (transoesophageal) echocardiography ( 2DEE ) were performed in 19
      consecutive patients with atrial septum defect (ASD), and in 17 controls, 3 with
      ventricular septum defect (VSD) and 14 with various diseases. In detection of ASD
      the sensitivity was 61% (11/18) and the specificity 88% (2/17) with 2DE whereas
      2DEE revealed a sensitivity of 95% (18/19) and a specificity of 100% (0/17). 2DEE
      enabled to visualize the VSD in all 3 patients (2DE in 1/3). With 2DEE the site
      and size of the atrial septum defects could be estimated well as confirmed in 14
      patients who underwent cardiac surgery. The lateral resolution of the 7.5 MHz
      transoesophageal probe was about 0.5 cm. Further studies are required to clarify
      if cardiac catheterization prior to surgery of an ASD may be replaced by 2DEE .

PMID- 6587547
TI  - Ultrasound tomography of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Orientation and
      diagnostic possibilities.
AB  - 40 patients were examined by peroral endoscopic ultrasonography with two new
      prototypes (Prototype II and III, Olympus Optical Co., Tokyo, Japan). Indications
      were given by various intestinal diseases. Topographical orientation could be
      difficult, but was facilitated by standard positions of the instrument. The
      organs identified included liver, gallbladder, common bile duct, pancreas, spleen
      and kidneys. Pathological lesions of the mentioned organs were characterized by
      the reflex pattern known from external ultrasonography. Up till now endoscopic
      sonography is not a routine method but may give additional information to peroral
      endoscopy and external ultrasonography without replacing these methods.

PMID- 6587548
TI  - Anatomical aspects in ultrasonic endoscopy.
AB  - The combined use of gastroscopy and sonography will yield both methods an
      enhancement of its diagnostic range. By this new method, ultrasonography has to
      face new aspects of the examination. Endosonographical examinations were
      performed in 26 normal patients. The technique of endoscopic ultrasound
      tomography ( EUT ) is complicated and different because of the orientation, the
      predestined nature of the GI tract, and the limited movements within the GI
      tract. Seven standard positions are proposed: distal duodenum, papilla Vateri,
      bulbus duodeni, antrum ventriculi, corpus ventriculi, fundus ventriculi, and
      distal oesophagus. But up to now, there has been no general examination technique
      for the visualization of the individual organs. Nevertheless, with EUT new
      sonographic windows were opened. The first experiences show that the contours of
      organs and vessels may be imaged with a distinction unknown up to now. The sector
      and magnifying effect of EUT may contribute to the knowledge of anatomical,
      topographical and pathological conditions and changes.

PMID- 6587549
TI  - Anatomical aspects in ultrasonic endoscopy for the stomach.
AB  - Gastric wall structure cannot be visualized neither by conventional
      ultrasonography nor by endoscopy alone. Using a newly developed ultrasonic
      endoscope (Olympus GF- UM1 / EUM1 Prototype III) twenty-two patients were
      examined with the stomach filled with 300-500 cc of de- aired water.
      Ultrasonographic appearance of the normal gastric wall consists of four layers of
      different echogenicity. The first inner layer, echogenic, seems to correspond to
      the mucosa and the submucosa, the 2nd echopoor to the muscularis propria, the 3rd
      echogenic to the serosa and the 4th echopoor to the subserosal-fat. For a
      complete exploration of the gastric cavity, starting with the scope near the
      pylorus and withdrawing it until the fundic region, four positions have been
      standardized. In the first, the antral region is explored, in the 2nd the antrum
      and the gastric body, in the 3rd the body and antrum and in the 4th position body
      and fundic region are visualized. For a satisfactory examination a good filling
      of the stomach must be achieved; problems in interpretation may arise when the
      gastric wall is not well distended or when peristaltic waves are present.
      Promising findings have been obtained in 3 cases of cancer involvement of the
      stomach. No complications were encountered during this study.

PMID- 6587550
TI  - Anatomical and pathological aspects in ultrasonic endoscopy for GI tract.
AB  - In this paper we tried a fundamental study to analyse the normal structure of
      gastro-intestinal wall by endoscopic ultrasonography, because conventional
      examinations of gastrointestinal tract, radiography and endoscopy, can not
      demonstrate the intra-mural change beneath the mucosa. We have examined 71 cases
      by the 3 kinds of prototype echo-endoscope I-III manufactured by Olympus Co Ltd,
      Japan. Moreover, using a most newly echo-endoscope type III, twenty-four patients
      were examined to observe the changes of normal structure of wall by gastro
      intestinal disease. In this fundamental study about the normal structure of
      gastro-intestinal wall by endoscopic echography, the submucosal layer is
      demonstrated as a most high echo level zone and the mucosal layer and serosal
      layer followed in echogenicity. On the other hand, the proper muscle layer had
      not any echogenicity because ultrasound passes through these layers. As a result
      we concluded that all layers of gastrointestinal tract can be demonstrated by
      endoscopic ultrasonography. Moreover, in diagnosis of gastro-intestinal disease,
      endoscopic ultrasonography is useful in disease of which the normal structure of
      wall changes directly, for example submucosal tumor, scirrhus type gastric cancer
      and massive infiltrated malignant disease.

PMID- 6587551
TI  - Endoscopic ultrasonography: preliminary experience.
AB  - Endoscopic ultrasonography was performed in 30 patients using the prototype
      ultrasound fiberoptic endoscope (Model GF- UM1 , Olympus Corporation) with the
      objective of developing technique, assessing instrument performance, and
      familiarization with the capabilities of endoscopic ultrasonography. Insertion of
      the instrument was accomplished in all patients. There were no complications.
      Some difficulty was encountered in maneuvering the instrument through relatively
      narrow areas of the gastrointestinal tract including the pylorus and apex of the
      duodenal bulb. Diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed prior to
      endoscopic ultrasonography using standard forward viewing endoscopes. A variety
      of normal anatomic structures were noted. Examinations required from 30 to 45
      minutes. Images obtained were sharp and clear, although there was some decrease
      in resolution with depth of display. The advantages and indications for the
      procedure are not yet established. The procedure might be considered for special
      purposes such as examination of the pancreas.

PMID- 6587552
TI  - Detection of biliary stones by means of endosonography.
AB  - For its particular qualities, endoscopic ultrasound tomography ( EUT ) appears to
      be a suitable method for achieving better results in diagnostics of bile duct
      alterations than conventional UT. In 10 patients with enlarged common bile duct.
      EUT was carried out with three different prototypes (mechanical sector scan,
      ultrasound gastrofiberscope . Olympus/ Aloka ). The encouraging results suggest
      that the high discriminating investigational technique of EUT may be superior to
      conventional UT for finding common bile duct stones, probably for the
      differential diagnosis of biliary drainage problems caused by tumors, too.

PMID- 6587553
TI  - Endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. The use of a
      liquid-filled stomach method.
AB  - To overcome limitation of ultrasound diagnosis of pancreatic diseases, especially
      of malignancy, the use of an echoendoscope was investigated. The instruments were
      the prototype echoendoscopes type 1-3 manufactured by Olympus Co., Tokyo, Japan.
      The first prototype was a mirror-type radial sector scanner equipped to a
      gastrofiberscope . The 2nd and 3rd types were of similar construction except the
      use of a small transducer with an increased frequency (7 mm in diameter, 7.5 MHz)
      and of direct rotation of the transducer connected to the flexible shaft. To
      visualize the pancreas effectively, a liquid-filled stomach method to use
      deaerated water in sufficient quantity was employed. As a result, complete
      visualization of the whole pancreas could be accomplished mainly from the gastric
      lumen via the gastric wall. Though the number of cases examined were still
      limited, ultrasonic differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lesions
      could be made much more clearly than those by currently used ultrasonic scanning.

PMID- 6587554
TI  - Limits of conventional abdominal sonography and features of endoscopic
      sonography.
AB  - The reasons for the sometimes poor imaging of different organs and structures are
      mainly to be explained by limiting factors in conventional ultrasound tomography
      (UT). It is the aim of endoscopic UT ( EUT ) to omit the limiting factors and to
      overcome the ultrasound barriers like ribs and gas. High frequencies enable a
      better discrimination of details. Preliminary indications of EUT will be: tumors
      of the pancreas, of the spleen kidney angle, of biliary ducts, of the stomach, of
      the liver and the gallbladder, choledocholithiasis, adrenal disorders, and
      cardiac diseases.

PMID- 6587555
TI  - Pancreatic pseudocysts and tumors in endosonography.
AB  - In endoscopic ultrasound tomography (UT), the ultrasound probe positioned in the
      stomach has direct access to the pancreatic region. In first experiences, 62
      patients were investigated by EUT . 22 of them had a pancreatic infection. EUT
      seems to be a new method being a valuable complement to conventional UT with a
      high diagnostic potential and with broad possibilities of application. The
      increased resolution of structural details of pathological alterations could be
      of diagnostic value.

PMID- 6587556
TI  - Initial results of transgastric endoscopic ultrasonography in comparison with
      external ultrasound.
AB  - Endoscopic ultrasonography was developed in an attempt to utilize the improved
      resolution of small-parts ultrasonography also in the investigation of organs
      located deep within the body as opposed to at the surface. A further expected
      advantage vis-a-vis external ultrasonography was the avoidance of the frequently
      obstructing air. In an initial study of 40 patients with a variety of different
      diseases of the upper abdomen, we were indeed able to utilize the advantages
      described, with the result that diagnostic information was obtained that neither
      external ultrasound nor endoscopy was able to provide. A limitation of endoscopic
      ultrasonography is the fact that the "path" of the transducer is predetermined by
      the course of the gastrointestinal tract. A further difficulty is the anatomic
      orientation. To combat this latter problem, our working group has under X-ray
      control, established standard position for the ultrasound endoscope.

PMID- 6587557
TI  - Iron stores in chronic granulocytic leukaemia at presentation.
AB  - In 87 patients with Ph1 positive chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL), the bone
      marrow iron content was studied on smears obtained at diagnosis. A low
      sideroblast score and a decreased or absent marrow iron on semiquantitative
      estimation were found in 91% and 85% of cases, respectively. These findings did
      not correlate with blood parameters reflecting iron status such as Hb
      concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, serum iron,
      total iron-binding capacity and transferrin saturation, which were normal in most
      cases. In 30 patients, initial serum ferritin was estimated, normal or slightly
      increased levels being as a rule found. In 24 of such patients, serum ferritin
      was again measured in remission following busulphan and, although values remained
      normal, a significant decrease was observed with respect to the initial levels (P
      less than 0.001). Thus, in spite of the consistent marrow pattern of iron
      depletion, initial iron stores appear to be normal in CGL. It seems, however,
      that the disease activity may partially influence the serum ferritin levels.

PMID- 6587558
TI  - Refractory anaemia with excess of blasts terminating as Ph1 negative chronic
      myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - A case of refractory anaemia with excess of blasts ( RAEB ) terminating with
      clinical and haematological picture of Ph1 negative chronic myeloid leukaemia
      (CML) is reported. It is suggested that the same abnormal clone of cells is
      responsible for the initial picture of the RAEB and the terminal CML picture.

PMID- 6587559
TI  - Impaired monocyte differentiation in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia:
      its evaluation by peroxidase activity and ultrastructure.
AB  - The ability of monocyte differentiation in childhood acute lymphoblastic
      leukaemia (ALL) was evaluated on the basis of the ultrastructure and peroxidase
      (PO) activity which could show the differentiation of cultured monocytes. In the
      control, PO activity limited to the granules decreased time-dependently during
      culture for 4 d, and was closely associated with the morphological development to
      macrophages. In childhood ALL, monocytes showed poor changes in both PO activity
      and morphological features during culture for 4 d compared to the control.
      Therefore, we conclude that monocyte to macrophage differentiation is impaired in
      childhood ALL.

PMID- 6587560
TI  - Classification of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes according to the FAB co
      operative group's proposals. Proposals for a redefinition of blast cell type II.
AB  - 53 patients with the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) were classified according to
      the proposals of the FAB cooperative group 1982. 29 patients had refractory
      anaemia (RA), 10 refractory anaemia with excess of blasts ( RAEB ), 5 RAEB in
      transformation, 7 RA with ringed sideroblasts and 2 chronic myelomonocytic
      leukaemia ( CMML ). Counting blast cells type I and II involved no difficulties.
      4 of 15 patients who developed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) according to the FAB
      classification of 1976 did not fulfill the new 1982 criteria for AML. A
      redefinition of the blast cell type II to include a more granulated blast cells,
      without the characteristics of promyelocytes, would solve this problem. We
      conclude that a redefinition of the blast cell type II might turn out to be
      useful.

PMID- 6587561
TI  - [Psychoemotional effect on stomatognathic function--a study of prisoners awaiting
      trial].

PMID- 6587563
TI  - Twenty-nine year old male with recurrent left upper lobe pneumonia.

PMID- 6587562
TI  - [Mandibular stability as a result of function--a densitometric study].

PMID- 6587564
TI  - The dark side of biotechnology.

PMID- 6587565
TI  - Panel backs research blocked by court.

PMID- 6587566
TI  - High-resolution chromosome sorting and DNA spot-blot analysis assign McArdle's
      syndrome to chromosome 11.
AB  - A rapid gene-mapping system uses a high-resolution, dual-laser sorter to identify
      genes from separate human chromosomes prepared with a new stain combination. This
      system was used to sort 21 unique chromosome types onto nitrocellulose filter
      papers. Several labeled gene probes hybridized to the sorted chromosomal DNA
      types predicted by their previous chromosome assignments. The skeletal muscle
      glycogen phosphorylase gene was then mapped to a portion of chromosome 11 by spot
      blotting normal and translocated chromosomes.

PMID- 6587567
TI  - Regulation of biotechnology.

PMID- 6587568
TI  - Altered transcription of the c-abl oncogene in K-562 and other chronic
      myelogenous leukemia cells.
AB  - Expression of the cellular abl (c- abl ) oncogene was studied in K-562 and other
      chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells and cell lines by means of Northern blot
      hybridization. In contrast to non-CML cells, which contained 7.4- and 6.8
      kilobase abl -related transcripts, the CML cells contained a predominant and
      novel 8.2-kilobase abl -related RNA. In addition, the levels of abl -related
      message were up to eight times higher in CML cell lines from patients at the
      blast crisis stage of the disease compared with CML cells obtained during the
      chronic phase and with non-CML cells.

PMID- 6587569
TI  - Gene-splicing experiment.
AB  - In the article "Windows on a new cosmology" by George Lake (18 May, p. 675), the
      caption for figure 4(b) on page 680 was incorrect. The photograph shows the
      electric dipole moment apparatus at the Institute Laue-Langevin in Grenoble,
      France [courtesy of N. Ramsey].

PMID- 6587570
TI  - A generalized increase in uptake of gallium-67 in bone.

PMID- 6587572
TI  - [Dento-sociological studies of mothers' responses to the participation of their
      children in a program of topical fluoride application--a factor analytic study on
      participation at individual level].

PMID- 6587571
TI  - [Scientific field study of mothers' responses to the participation of their
      children in a program of topical fluoride application].

PMID- 6587573
TI  - [Effect of arsenicals and their antidotes on the uptake of 3H-thymidine by mouse
      lymphocytes].

PMID- 6587574
TI  - [Clinical-pathological studies on the influence of root canal filling materials
      (Agents) containing various high molecular compounds on pulp wounds of human
      permanent teeth].

PMID- 6587575
TI  - [Clinico-pathological studies on the influence of root canal filling materials
      (Agents) containing various high molecular compounds on extirpated wounds of
      human permanent teeth].

PMID- 6587576
TI  - [Clinico-pathological studies of various cement-type root canal filling materials
      (Agents), with special reference to their influence on pulp wounds in human
      permanent teeth].

PMID- 6587578
TI  - [Microstructural changes of Filiform papillae in rat with growth].

PMID- 6587577
TI  - [Clinico-pathological studies of various cement-type root canal filling materials
      (Agents), with special reference to their influence on extirpated wounds in human
      permanent teeth].

PMID- 6587579
TI  - [Relationship between procaine-induced convulsion and rat brain monoamine].

PMID- 6587580
TI  - [Effects of sodium fluoride on blastogenesis in mice lymphocytes, with special
      reference to uptake of 3h-thymidine, 3h-uridine or 3h-leucine].

PMID- 6587581
TI  - [An experimental study on the relation between occluding force and myoelectric
      discharge of masticatory muscles. 1st report. The antero-posterior change of
      occluding point].

PMID- 6587582
TI  - [Studies on the facial symmetry in human skulls by the Moire].

PMID- 6587583
TI  - [Arrested-revolution load with various cutting or grinding instruments].

PMID- 6587584
TI  - [Studies of the inorganic biomaterials in endodontic therapy (Part 1). Clinico
      pathological observation of the effect of the alumina ceramic powder on vital
      exposed human pulp].

PMID- 6587585
TI  - [Experimental study on periapical lesions in immature permanent teeth].

PMID- 6587586
TI  - [A curative case of Cheilitis granulomatosa].

PMID- 6587587
TI  - [Cases of impacted teeth in complete denture wearers. (2nd report) Two cases of
      impacted lower premolar].

PMID- 6587588
TI  - Comparison of two prostaglandins used to terminate midtrimester pregnancy.
AB  - One of the most widely used methods of pregnancy termination has involved the use
      of prostaglandin drugs. Vaginal suppositories containing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)
      have been used successfully by many investigators. Because of problems with a
      long delay between induction and abortion, as well as minor side effects, other
      prostaglandin agents have been tested. In our study, 17 matched patients given
      PGE2 vaginal suppositories to induce abortion were compared with a similar group
      in whom the methyl ester of prostaglandin F2 alpha ( MPGF2 alpha) was used. There
      was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in side
      effects, number of patients requiring curettage, or placental expulsion time.
      Patients treated with PGE2 had a shorter fetal expulsion time (P less than .001),
      and there were no major complications in either group. It appears from these data
      that multiple PGE2 vaginal suppositories are equal to or better than the newer
      single MPGF2a suppository followed by intramuscular injections when used for
      second trimester terminations.

PMID- 6587589
TI  - Chemotherapy in porphyria.
AB  - The clinical courses of 5 patients with hepatic porphyrias (4 with porphyria
      variegata) who required chemotherapy for disseminated malignant diseases are
      reviewed. Antineoplastic agents were employed without evidence that these drugs
      precipitated porphyric crises. It is concluded that the chemotherapeutic approach
      to these patients should be based on the appropriate treatment for the malignant
      condition.

PMID- 6587590
TI  - Aging--an overview.

PMID- 6587591
TI  - The status of the elderly in Israel.

PMID- 6587593
TI  - A combination mouth prop-suction device.

PMID- 6587592
TI  - Preventive dentistry for the elderly.

PMID- 6587594
TI  - A survey of hospital ambulatory dental programs in Massachusetts. Part 2:
      Hospitals with dental clinics.

PMID- 6587595
TI  - Preventive dentistry for the elderly patient.

PMID- 6587596
TI  - Dentistry in West Africa.

PMID- 6587598
TI  - The edentulous patient: attitudes toward oral health status.

PMID- 6587597
TI  - Nutrition and the elderly: implications for oral health care.

PMID- 6587599
TI  - Oral health status and behaviors of the elderly and other adults: results of a
      health screening.

PMID- 6587600
TI  - Mobile oral treatment and examination chair.

PMID- 6587601
TI  - An evaluation of productivity and quality of care provided by dental residents.

PMID- 6587602
TI  - Can university dental clinics provide care to the elderly patient?

PMID- 6587603
TI  - Development of an inpatient oral health education program in an acute care
      facility.

PMID- 6587604
TI  - Preoperative regional chemotherapy and rapid-fraction irradiation for sarcomas of
      the soft tissue and bone.
AB  - Conventional treatment for high grade and large sarcomas uses a radical surgical
      approach, including amputation, in many patients. We evaluated a limb-sparing
      treatment approach using preoperative regional Adriamycin chemotherapy and rapid
      fraction radiation therapy. Thirty patients with soft tissue or skeletal sarcoma
      were treated in a prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial to evaluate local
      disease control and limb salvage in these patients who would otherwise require
      amputation or face a high risk of local recurrence with surgical excision. Almost
      all patients had large tumors with grade III histologic findings. All patients
      had a three day intra-arterial regional chemotherapy infusion with Adriamycin
      (100 milligrams total dose), followed within ten days by rapid-fraction
      irradiation (3,000 rads over a two week period) prior to surgical excision of the
      tumor. The size and location of the sarcoma permitted only a marginal resection
      in one-half of the patients, while the remainder could be excised in a three
      dimensional en bloc manner. Almost all patients received post-operative systemic
      Adriamycin chemotherapy (450 milligrams per square meter given intravenously over
      a six month period). Two of six patients with significant wound complications
      later required amputation. Only one patient (3 per cent) has had a local
      recurrence of sarcoma develop after a mean follow-up of 22 months (range nine to
      42 months), and 90 per cent of the patients have a useful extremity. The three
      year survival rate was 68 per cent for soft tissue sarcomas, compared with an
      expected survival rate of 38 per cent for published historical control studies.
      The patient with osteogenic sarcoma has a projected 83 per cent survival rate at
      18 months after treatment. This multimodality approach is an effective treatment
      for local disease control in patients with high risk sarcoma. It permits limb
      salvage in most patients without compromising the survival rates.

PMID- 6587605
TI  - [Changes in urinary prostaglandin excretion in hypertension patients undergoing
      variants of furosemide administration].

PMID- 6587606
TI  - Neurologic problems associated with acute lymphocytic leukemia in childhood.

PMID- 6587608
TI  - A federal career as a dentist.

PMID- 6587609
TI  - Sign up. Parking place protection.

PMID- 6587610
TI  - Protecting your practice with a restrictive covenant.

PMID- 6587607
TI  - [Daunorubicin and blood cells. Uptake and metabolism].

PMID- 6587612
TI  - Local anesthesia by Peter Rabbit.

PMID- 6587611
TI  - Maxillofacial prosthetics today.

PMID- 6587613
TI  - HLA-A and -B antigens in Japanese patients with congenital hypothyroidism and
      their parents.
AB  - The frequency of HLA-A and B antigens were studied in 32 Japanese patients with
      congenital hypothyroidism due to thyroid dysgenesis, and in their parents. The
      incidence of the Aw24 antigen was significantly higher in 27 mothers of patients
      with ectopic thyroid (91.3%, corrected P less than 0.037) and it seemed to be
      slightly higher in patients (77.7%) than in controls (56.8%). The Aw24 antigen
      was also found in 4 patients with thyroid hypoplasia and their mothers. No
      difference was found in the incidences of the antigen in the fathers of patients
      and in controls. The haplotype frequencies were not significantly different in
      controls, patients and their parents. These findings suggest that the gene for
      susceptibility to congenital hypothyroidism due to thyroid dysgenesis is closely
      linked to the gene for the HLA-A locus of the patients' mothers.

PMID- 6587614
TI  - HLA in two islands of French Polynesia.
AB  - The HLA-A, B, and C antigens of 243 individuals from two Polynesian islands,
      Maiao and Hiva Oa, have been characterized. 328 haplotypes were defined by family
      analysis. Most frequent antigens were A2, A11, Aw24, A26 , Aw34 ; Bw38, Bw39 ,
      Bw48 , Bw55 , Bw56 , Bw60 ; Cwl, Cw3, and Cw4. Several other antigens were
      present at low frequency or were present on only one island. New variants of Bw22
      and B40 were found. Despite an overall similarity in antigens of the two islands,
      the combination of HLA-A, B and C antigens on the haplotype were distinctive. Of
      328 total haplotypes identified, 65 were unique. Thirteen of these (20%) were
      present on both islands. Twenty-eight (43%) were unique to Hiva Oa and 24 (37%)
      were unique to Maiao . Significant, positive linkage disequilibrium values
      (delta) for HLA-A, B and HLA-B, C antigens were also different for the two
      populations.

PMID- 6587615
TI  - HLA and Kaposi's sarcoma in Sardinia.
AB  - Twelve Sardinian patients affected by histologically defined classic Kaposi's
      sarcoma (KS) were HLA-A, B, C and DR typed. Compared to 220 age and ethnically
      matched healthy controls, KS patients showed a significant increase in HLA-DR5
      (66.6 vs 23.1%, P less than 0.001) and a considerable decrease in HLA-DR3 (8.3 vs
      53.6%, P = 0.0055). No definite association was observed for other HLA antigens.
      These results confirm the existence of an HLA associated genetic control of KS
      susceptibility and support the hypothesis that HLA-DR5 plays the role of a
      predisposition marker while HLA-DR3 bears a genetic resistance to the disease.

PMID- 6587616
TI  - Type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia and HLA-A and B antigens: no association.
AB  - One hundred unrelated patients with type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia have been
      investigated for their HLA-A and B antigens and compared to 171 normal controls.
      This study does not support the significant increase of HLA-B17 and Bw35
      previously reported by others.

PMID- 6587617
TI  - [Dental calculus on metal crowns].

PMID- 6587618
TI  - [Pain sensitivity of the teeth in diabetes mellitus patients].

PMID- 6587619
TI  - [Activation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6587620
TI  - [Clinical X-ray criteria in the differential diagnosis of periodontosis and
      periodontal pathology in partial anodontia].

PMID- 6587621
TI  - [Characteristics of the course of phlegmon of the face and neck in combined
      therapy with ultrasonic treatment of the suppurative focus].

PMID- 6587622
TI  - [Single-stage surgical treatment under general anesthesia of diffuse
      periodontitis].

PMID- 6587623
TI  - [Method for the surgical treatment of abscesses and phlegmons of the orbit].

PMID- 6587624
TI  - [Blood immunoglobulin content and concentration ratios in inflammatory processes
      of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6587625
TI  - [Evaluation of the adequacy of premedication with droperidol, dipidolor and
      seduxen in oral surgery operations].

PMID- 6587626
TI  - [Thermographic data and skin electric conductivity in mandibular fractures].

PMID- 6587628
TI  - [Use of panoramic tomography in studying the vessels of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6587627
TI  - [Cytological diagnosis of pretumorous diseases and tumors of the oral cavity and
      lips].

PMID- 6587629
TI  - [Morphofunctional characteristics of the periodontal tissues in concomitant
      diseases of the periodontium and digestive organs].

PMID- 6587630
TI  - [Angiographic characteristics of the branches of the external carotid artery].

PMID- 6587631
TI  - [Serosophil--an absorbable suture material].

PMID- 6587632
TI  - [Visual motor coordination in the postanesthesia period after operative dentistry
      interventions in the polyclinic].

PMID- 6587634
TI  - [Experience with the clinical use of the WHO international histological
      classification of salivary gland tumors].

PMID- 6587633
TI  - [Protein metabolic function and the correction of its disorders in patients with
      phlegmons of the floor of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6587635
TI  - [Method of assessing occlusal plane deformity on profile teleroentgenograms].

PMID- 6587636
TI  - [Use of evicrol for fixing orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6587637
TI  - [Candida carrier state in patients with complete removable dentures].

PMID- 6587638
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment in Sjogren's syndrome].

PMID- 6587639
TI  - [Dental caries in 3- to 4-year-old children with various degrees of harmonious
      physical development].

PMID- 6587640
TI  - [Prevention of dental caries in children in a region with a high fluorine content
      of the drinking water].

PMID- 6587641
TI  - [Prognosis of recurrent herpetic stomatitis in children with the aid of
      computation tables].

PMID- 6587642
TI  - [Need among the population for X-ray services in the treatment of dental diseases
      under outpatient polyclinic conditions].

PMID- 6587643
TI  - [Experience in instructing dentistry department students in general pathological
      anatomy].

PMID- 6587644
TI  - [Selective grinding of the teeth].

PMID- 6587645
TI  - Symposium on cataract surgery. Round table discussions.

PMID- 6587646
TI  - Intracapsular extraction: let us not sell it short.

PMID- 6587647
TI  - Extended-wear contact lenses in aphakia: patient selection and complications.

PMID- 6587648
TI  - HLA-DR (Ia)-positive dendritic-like cells in human fetal nonlymphoid tissues.
AB  - Nonlymphoid tissues from human fetuses ranging in age from 12 to 21 weeks'
      gestation were examined for the presence of HLA-DR (Ia)-positive cells.
      Immunoperoxidase staining of cryostat sections revealed Ia-positive cells with
      dendritic-like morphology, in kidney, heart, pancreas, and lung--but not in brain
      tissue. These Ia-bearing cells were present at 12 weeks' gestation, and by 21
      weeks had increased to substantial numbers in all the organs tested, except for
      the brain, which remained negative. To further characterize the nature of these
      Ia-positive cells serial sections were studied with a panel of monoclonal
      antibodies (MAb) consisting of four reagents identifying monocyte/macrophages and
      two reagents staining lymphoid cells. The four anti-monocyte/macrophage MAb
      stained few if any cells in all the tissues examined. Lymphoid cells, as
      identified by anti-B-cell and anti-T-cell MAb, were also present in very low
      numbers. Additional studies using a double-staining technique provided direct
      evidence that the Ia-positive cells bear the human common leukocyte antigen
      detected by MAb T29 /33 and, with few exceptions, are negative for the macrophage
      antigen detected by MAb OKM1. The data suggest that nonlymphoid fetal tissues
      contain Ia-positive dendritic-like cells that are not monocyte/macrophage or
      lymphoid in origin. These Ia-bearing cells may be related to the dendritic cells
      found in lymphoid tissues, which are highly stimulatory in mixed leukocyte
      reactions and are thought to be responsible for the initiation of allograft
      rejection.

PMID- 6587650
TI  - Kidney synthesis of Lewis substance.

PMID- 6587649
TI  - Localization of class II MHC antigens on porcine renal vascular endothelium.

PMID- 6587651
TI  - [Adriamycin and its analogs].
AB  - Among the biologically active metabolites produced by Streptomyces peucetius
      adriamycin (syn. doxorubicin) appeared the most effective anthracycline. Because
      of the low yield of the biosynthetic process, the chemical conversion of
      daunorubicin to adriamycin represent the key-step of the development of the drug.
      The therapeutic importance of adriamycin prompted us to begin since 1972 a
      research program aimed to the development of the second generation
      anthracyclines. The studies carried out during this research program allowed to
      discover three new synthetic anthracyclines, which, for the time being, are under
      clinical investigation: 4'- epidoxorubicin ( epirubicin ), 4
      demethoxydaunorubicin ( idarubicin ) and 4'-deoxydoxorubicin ( esorubicin ).
      These compounds, like daunorubicin and doxorubicin, show affinity to DNA, but
      some of their pharmacological properties and metabolism in animals as well as in
      humans are different in respect to those of the parent drugs. Herein the stages
      of the search for new analogs and the outlooks of further progress in the filed
      of the antitumor anthracyclines are shortly reported.

PMID- 6587652
TI  - Human osteogenic sarcoma: fine structure of the chondroblastic type.
AB  - The fine structure of representative regions of four chondroblastic osteogenic
      sarcomas was studied. These regions contained four morphologically
      distinguishable subtypes of chondroblastlike cells. In addition, multinucleated
      giant cells, fibroblastlike cells, and macrophagelike cells were present, along
      with small populations of unclassifiable cells forming at least two subgroups of
      cells likely to be of a neoplastic nature. With only one exception, all types of
      chondroblastlike cells were separated by wide zones of extracellular matrix. The
      large multinucleated cells showed a fine structure that differed from that seen
      in multinucleated giant cells of other tissues. The evidence suggested that the
      multinucleated cells in the chondroblastic osteogenic sarcomas were active in
      phagocytic functions. It is not clear whether or not they are neoplastic in
      nature. Osteoblastlike cells were not encountered in the chondroid areas of the
      osteogenic sarcomas studied. On the basis of the findings it is concluded that
      the observed fine structural polymorphism of the chondroblastlike cells may
      reflect differences in maturation and differentiation among these cells. The most
      well-differentiated cells (type 1) appear to be able to exert secretory
      functions.

PMID- 6587653
TI  - [Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children in Denmark 1973-1981].

PMID- 6587654
TI  - Role of the renal prostaglandins in furosemide-induced diuresis.
AB  - The role of the renal prostaglandin (PG) system in the renal effects of
      furosemide was assessed by using indomethacin, an inhibitor of PG synthetase, in
      conscious rats under conditions of vasopressin infusion (or dehydration). Urinary
      PGE and PGF2 alpha were measured by radioimmunoassay under conditions of
      furosemide-induced diuresis. The diuretic and natriuretic effects of furosemide
      were accompanied by a concomitant increase in the urinary excretion of PGE. In
      normal rats the pretreatment of indomethacin at 10 mg/kg failed to alter the
      diuretic effect of furosemide (5 mg/kg). In contrast, the diuretic effect of
      furosemide in vasopressin (2 U/kg)-infused (or dehydrated) rats was greatly
      inhibited by indomethacin. In regard to the natriuretic effect of furosemide,
      indomethacin did impair this response to furosemide both in normal and
      vasopressin-infused (or dehydrated) rats, but inhibited more strongly in the
      latter than in the former. These results suggest that the renal PGE is necessary
      for furosemide to produce optimal diuretic and natriuretic effects under
      conditions of vasopressin infusion (or dehydration).

PMID- 6587655
TI  - Interrelationships between the renal kallikrein-kinin and prostaglandin systems
      in furosemide-induced diuresis.
AB  - The relationships between the renal kallikrein-kinin (K-K) and prostaglandin (PG)
      systems under conditions of furosemide-induced diuresis were studied in normal
      rats. Urinary PGE and PGF2 alpha were measured by radioimmunoassay, and urinary
      kallikrein by enzymatic activity. The diuretic and natriuretic effects of
      furosemide were accompanied by a concomitant increase in the urinary excretion of
      kallikrein and PGE. The urinary excretion of kallikrein and PGE was closely
      related to the urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and chloride. The urinary
      excretion of kallikrein also showed a highly significant correlation with the
      urinary excretion of PGE. Pretreatment of the animal with indomethacin or
      aprotinin inhibited furosemide-induced diuresis and natriuresis. Aprotinin
      inhibited the urinary excretion of PGE, while indomethacin did not exert any
      inhibitory action on the urinary excretion of kallikrein. Although the urinary
      excretion of kallikrein was closely related to the urinary excretion of
      potassium, both indomethacin and aprotinin had no effect on the urinary excretion
      of potassium. The results indicate that the potassium-sodium exchange caused by
      furosemide in the distal nephron might stimulate the renal K-K system to result
      in increasing synthesis of PGE, which would, at least in part, participate in the
      diuretic and natriuretic effects of furosemide.

PMID- 6587656
TI  - HLA-A and B antigens in patients with Peyronie disease.
AB  - Using microdroplet lymphocyte cytotoxicity test, as a method of HLA typing, 9
      patients with Peyronie disease were studied from a viewpoint of relationship
      between this disease and HLA-A and B antigens. The frequencies of each antigen in
      the patients were compared with those of healthy controls. No significant
      difference of distribution in HLA antigens was observed between the patients and
      the control group.

PMID- 6587658
TI  - [Use of membrane gas-separating units in the performance of artificial
      respiration].

PMID- 6587657
TI  - Secondary pharmacological properties of prostaglandins.

PMID- 6587659
TI  - [Therapeutic tactics in paratonsillar abscess].

PMID- 6587660
TI  - [Possibilities of endoprosthesis in osteogenic sarcoma in children].
AB  - Endoprostheses of the knee (14) and hip (after Sivash ) (2) joints were used in
      the treatment of 16 children operated on for osteogenic sarcoma at the Center
      Clinic. Postoperative complications leading to amputation occurred in two cases
      of lesions of the proximal part of shinbone . Good functional results were
      obtained: knee joints supplied with endoprosthesis flexed through 80 degrees. The
      results are only preliminary considering the relatively short period of the study
      but they are encouraging enough.

PMID- 6587661
TI  - TMJ dysfunction, a view from the middle of the road.

PMID- 6587662
TI  - [Anatomical and mechanical studies of the extensor system of the knee joint].
AB  - The anterior thigh muscles were investigated with respect to their function in
      extending the knee joint and in patellar alignment . Anatomical dissections of
      the vastus medialis muscle in 115 fixed thigh-specimens could always demonstrate
      a clear separation between a long head of the muscle that inserts at the base (
      VML ) and a short head ( VMO ) that inserts at the medial margin of the patella.
      The plane of separation could be identified by a femoral nerve's branch in every
      case. In 17 instances the nerve's localization was superficial, in 57 in an
      areolar fascial plane and in the depth between the muscles in 41 instances. The
      ramification of the femoral nerve's branch that runs along the separation plane
      showed four types of variation. The direction of pull of the individual heads of
      the quadriceps femoris muscle had different angulations from the long axis of the
      femur. These deviations were measured in 32 corpses, that were either fresh or
      fixed. The deviations were between 8 and 11 degrees medially and between 3 and 6
      degrees anteriorly for the rectus femoris muscle (RF), between 12 and 16 degrees
      laterally for the vastus lateralis muscle (VL), between 15 and 18 degrees
      medially for the VML and between 46 and 52 degrees medially for the VMO . In
      every instance the direction of pull of the vastus intermedius muscle (VI) was
      parallel to the long axis of the femur. 28 fresh above-the-knee amputation
      specimens were used for strain tests of the extensor muscles as well as for
      measurements of tilting and shifting of the patella under a single strain. The
      strain tests of the VMO were carried out during the terminal phase of the knee
      joint's extension and in order to assess its antagonistic function against the VL
      in various positions of the knee-joint. Furthermore the subluxation of the
      patella was measured after lateral and medial release and during single strain on
      VL or VML . The most effective extension was produced by pull in the direction of
      the VI as compared to other directions; single strain in the direction of each of
      the long extensor muscles always resulted in complete extension. Therefore loss
      of terminal extension cannot be due to the insufficiency of one single extensor
      muscle. Even with maximal weight loads pull in the direction of the VMO never
      achieved full extension, which indicates that the VMO does not contribute
      substantially to complete extension of the knee-joint.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400
      WORDS)

PMID- 6587663
TI  - [Which routine dental procedures involve risks? II].

PMID- 6587664
TI  - [Which routine dental procedures involve risks? III].

PMID- 6587665
TI  - [Image of dentistry--a hopeless case?].

PMID- 6587666
TI  - [Radiographic notes].

PMID- 6587667
TI  - Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.

PMID- 6587669
TI  - [Periodontology '83].

PMID- 6587670
TI  - [Periodontology: why the difference between debit and credit?].

PMID- 6587668
TI  - Dental emergency: an intraoral incision and drainage technique for nondental
      personnel.

PMID- 6587671
TI  - [Common errors in dental practice].

PMID- 6587672
TI  - [Orthodontics in service of jaw surgery].

PMID- 6587673
TI  - [Psychological aspects of orthodontics].

PMID- 6587674
TI  - [Evaluation of caries incidence in a pastry chefs' school].

PMID- 6587675
TI  - [The dentist of tomorrow].

PMID- 6587676
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of controlled pictures of ground teeth].

PMID- 6587677
TI  - [Chronobiology of toothache].

PMID- 6587679
TI  - [Ready-made crowns in the deciduous and mixed dentition].

PMID- 6587678
TI  - [Correction possibilities in mid-face hypoplasia due to cleft lip and cleft
      palate].

PMID- 6587680
TI  - [Secondary effects of antibiotics].

PMID- 6587681
TI  - [Use of Kirschner wires in cheek bone fractures].

PMID- 6587682
TI  - [Control of tooth eruption using dental measures].

PMID- 6587683
TI  - [Laser therapy in dentistry].

PMID- 6587684
TI  - [Behavior of galactogen-transmitted larvae of parasitic nematodes in the mouse].

PMID- 6587685
TI  - Muscle and plasma amino acids after Neopham therapy in adult surgical patients.

PMID- 6587686
TI  - Growth and transcutaneous oxygen transport in very low birthweight infants
      receiving intravenous fat emulsion.

PMID- 6587687
TI  - The effect of a L-carnitine supplemented soybean formula on the plasma lipids of
      infants.

PMID- 6587688
TI  - An evaluation of orally supplemented L-carnitine in premature infants receiving
      Intralipid 20%.

PMID- 6587689
TI  - [Literature review. Electronic measurement of the root canal].

PMID- 6587690
TI  - [A clinical endodontic case report].

PMID- 6587691
TI  - [Empiricism and institutionalized medico-dental practice].

PMID- 6587692
TI  - [Treatment of occlusal pathology with selective grinding].

PMID- 6587693
TI  - [Surgical periodontal preparation before making the final denture. II].

PMID- 6587694
TI  - Aspiration biopsy cytology.

PMID- 6587695
TI  - Fine needle aspiration cytology of alveolar soft-part sarcoma. A case report.
AB  - Transthoracic fine needle aspiration was performed on pulmonary nodules of
      unknown etiology in a 22-year-old male. Cytologic examination of variously
      stained smears of the aspirate suggested a metastatic tumor, consistent with
      alveolar soft-part sarcoma. This diagnosis was confirmed by subsequent histologic
      examination of an excised thigh mass, which revealed alveolar soft-part sarcoma
      with an associated arteriovenous malformation. The cytologic findings of alveolar
      soft-part sarcoma are discussed along with a brief review of this uncommon
      neoplasm.

PMID- 6587696
TI  - Bronchial submucosal needle aspiration performed through the fiberoptic
      bronchoscope.
AB  - Retrospective review of 251 bronchial submucosal needle aspirations obtained from
      171 patients with unsuspected pulmonary malignancy showed that adequate cytologic
      material was obtained in 87.6% of the aspirations. Eighty-one patients were found
      to have primary bronchogenic carcinomas (with a visible endobronchial tumor in
      39), and 21 had secondary pulmonary metastases. The overall diagnostic accuracy
      of bronchial submucosal aspiration was 81%, with only four definite false
      negative and no false-positive results. The diagnostic accuracy was 82% for
      bronchial brushing, 71% for forceps biopsy, 67% for postbronchoscopy sputum
      cytology and 46% for bronchial washing. The major advantage of the submucosal
      aspiration technique was in evaluating mural mucosal lesions, especially those
      covered with intact mucosa, that were not readily accessible to forceps biopsy or
      successful brush sampling. Negative results from a needle aspiration must be
      interpreted with caution because of the small area a single sample represents.
      Multiple sequential submucosal aspirations may be helpful in assessing the
      resectability of bronchial neoplasms. No complications have been encountered with
      this technique.

PMID- 6587697
TI  - Percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy of the lung. A study of 1,015
      patients.
AB  - From the time of its introduction, in 1973, through November 1983, fine needle
      aspiration biopsy ( FNAB ) of the lung was used in the diagnostic evaluation of
      1,015 patients at the Duke University Medical Center and Durham Veterans
      Administration Medical Center. A diagnosis of a primary lung cancer was
      established in 49.4% of the cases and malignant neoplasm metastatic to the lung
      in 14.1%; a benign diagnosis was made in 31.1% and an inconclusive one in 5.4%.
      In 123 patients in whom lung tissue was also available, cancer was correctly
      diagnosed by FNAB in 83.8%, not diagnosed by FNAB in 14.6% and incorrectly
      diagnosed in 1.6%. In 37 patients without cancer, FNAB detected an infectious
      organism or a specific morphologic type of inflammation (abscess and granuloma).

PMID- 6587699
TI  - Technical aspects of obtaining cellular material from lesions deep in the lung. A
      radiologist's view and description of the screw-needle sampling technique.
AB  - The technical aspects of obtaining cellular samples for cytologic diagnosis from
      lesions deep in the lung are discussed, with emphasis on the role of the
      radiologist and modern radiologic techniques in localizing lesions to be biopsied
      and in guiding the sampling needles. Fluoroscopically guided fine needle
      aspiration is covered, with attention paid to its diagnostic accuracy, the
      avoidance of complications and considerations of the needle gauge. The screw
      needle biopsy instrument and its use are discussed in detail, especially its
      ability to obtain diagnostic samples from small or "hard" lesions that might be
      difficult to sample accurately with conventional needle aspiration techniques.
      The need for full collaboration between the pathologist/cytologist and the
      radiologist to maximize the benefits of these diagnostic techniques is stressed.

PMID- 6587698
TI  - Transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy in pulmonary lesions. Updated
      results.
AB  - An investigation was carried out on 271 patients who underwent transthoracic fine
      needle aspiration biopsy ( FNAB ) for suspected pulmonary lesions in a four-year
      period; 80% of them had a malignant tumor. The histologic control of the
      cytologic diagnoses made on the transthoracic FNAB was possible in over 50% of
      the cases. The sensitivity and predictive value for positive results were,
      respectively, 0.890 and 0.995, whereas the typing accuracy verified in 58 cases
      on the surgical specimen was 0.76. The comparison of the data obtained from the
      most recent case material with that of early observations confirmed the high
      sensitivity of transthoracic FNAB in the detection and characterization of
      malignant lesions in the lungs. The sensitivity was almost identical for primary
      tumors, 0.90, and metastatic disease, 0.88. Furthermore, over the years the data
      showed an improvement in the results due to the experience gained, the combined
      use of cytology and histology and the application of histochemical methods. More
      sophisticated methods, such as immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy, were
      essential to the final diagnosis in only a few cases.

PMID- 6587700
TI  - Aspiration cytology of metastatic hypernephroma.
AB  - The findings in aspiration cytology smears from 15 patients with metastatic
      hypernephroma (renal-cell carcinoma) are presented along with the criteria for
      cytologic classification of aspirates of primary hypernephroma. The distinctive
      cytopathology of needle aspirates of metastatic lesions is illustrated. A small
      nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio was evident in poorly differentiated cells. The
      cytoplasm was highly characteristic, particularly with Romanovsky stains, and was
      termed "opaque with or without vacuolization and granulation" to distinguish it
      from the so-called clear cell of histopathology, which has been denuded of its
      cytoplasmic content by the histologic process. Cytoplasmic vacuoles were punched
      out, bubbly or lacy. The partially extruded nucleus was a useful identifying
      feature. In 7 of the 15 cases, primary hypernephroma was indicated by the
      cytologic findings in the metastases. This finding may be clinically useful in
      diagnosing the broad spectrum of obscure paraneoplastic syndromes that may
      accompany this tumor.

PMID- 6587701
TI  - Aspiration biopsy cytology of renal angiomyolipoma.
AB  - The aspiration cytology of a renal angiomyolipoma is reported. Single mature fat
      cells, clusters of renal tubular epithelial cells and single as well as groups of
      smooth muscle cells were seen. The smooth muscle cells were pleomorphic, with
      vacuolated, granular or fibrillar cytoplasm. Their nuclei varied in size and
      shape and displayed variable chromatin patterns, ranging from finely to coarsely
      granular. Many nuclei contained prominent nucleoli.

PMID- 6587702
TI  - Ultrasound-guided percutaneous aspiration of renal angiomyolipoma. Report of two
      cases diagnosed by cytology.
AB  - Two cases are reported in which the diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma was made by
      ultrasonically guided aspiration cytology. Vessels, smooth muscle cells and fat
      were evident in the aspiration smears, in which no epithelial cells were found.
      Since the treatment of renal angiomyolipoma differs from that of adenocarcinoma
      of the kidney, the preoperative cytologic diagnosis is of great value.

PMID- 6587703
TI  - Fine needle aspiration cytology of the adrenal gland.
AB  - The cytologic appearance of fine needle aspiration (FNA) specimens emanating from
      both symptomatic and incidental masses of the adrenal glands in 22 patients who
      attended a large cancer institution from 1976 to 1981 is described. Eligibility
      for the study required thorough clinical and radiologic follow-up for at least
      two years following the initial cytologic diagnosis. Histologic and
      ultrastructural correlations were performed when possible. Nine patients were
      found to have benign lesions, including five adrenal cysts, two adenomas, one
      nodular hyperplasia and one adrenal myelolipoma. Thirteen patients had malignant
      lesions, of which six were primary adrenal tumors, either neuroblastoma (two) or
      adrenocortical carcinoma (four). The overall sensitivity of FNA in detecting the
      presence of malignancy was 85%, while the number of patients correctly classified
      for all adrenal masses was 90%. The test was 100% specific for malignant lesions.
      It is concluded that FNA of adrenal masses is a safe and simple procedure with a
      high degree of accuracy. Its use appears to be especially justified in those
      patients with primary neoplasms of nonadrenal sites, in whom silent adrenal
      lesions are detected during radiologic surveys for metastatic disease. Fifteen of
      the patients fell into this category, yet over half (53%) of them were shown to
      have benign adrenal lesions, treatable with a conservative approach.

PMID- 6587704
TI  - Diagnosis of basal-cell carcinoma with aspiration cytology.
AB  - A comparative cytologic-histologic study of 107 lesions clinically suspected of
      being basal-cell carcinomas was conducted. Good correlation was found in 94.3% of
      the cases. This study indicated that needle aspiration cytology could be utilized
      for the preoperative and follow-up diagnosis of skin lesions clinically suspected
      of being basal-cell carcinoma. Cellular as well as structural diagnostic criteria
      are suggested.

PMID- 6587705
TI  - Needle aspiration cytology of sebaceous carcinoma.
AB  - Sebaceous carcinoma is uncommon and usually presents in the ocular adnexae as
      cancer of the meibomian glands. That cutaneous sebaceous carcinoma generally
      occurs along with other epidermal elements has caused some nosologic confusion;
      tumors in which sebaceous elements predominate are encountered rarely. They are
      aggressive tumors in any location but particularly around the ocular adnexae,
      necessitating wide excision and careful follow-up to detect metastases. At our
      institution two such tumors were excised recently, one from the eyelid and one
      from previously irradiated skin. Subsequent metastases were detected without
      difficulty on needle aspiration cytology, which produced characteristic
      epithelial cells with bubbly , lipid-rich cytoplasm. The cytologic, histologic
      and ultrastructural appearances of these tumors that are suited to diagnosis on
      fine needle aspirates are reported.

PMID- 6587707
TI  - Adenocarcinoma of the breast with osseous metaplasia. Report of a case with
      needle aspiration cytology.
AB  - A 68-year-old black female developed a painless left breast mass that increased
      in size over a nine-month period before the patient sought medical attention;
      fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed as part of the initial workup. Only
      occasional malignant cells were present on the slides despite the use of a good
      aspiration technique on this large mass. The additional finding of rare
      osteoblasts and multinucleated cells, interpreted as osteoclasts, suggested
      osseous metaplasia within the lesion. The diagnosis of osseous metaplasia in an
      infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast was therefore suggested by careful
      cytologic screening of the material from a firm lesion that yielded smears with
      otherwise inexplicably low cellularity.

PMID- 6587706
TI  - Aspiration cytology of breast carcinoma with multinucleated reactive stromal
      giant cells.
AB  - The cytologic picture of fine needle aspirates from a rare type of breast
      carcinoma with stromal proliferation of osteoclastlike giant cells is described.
      Cytochemical demonstration of nonspecific esterase activity in the giant cells is
      in accordance with the assumed histiocytic origin of these elements.

PMID- 6587708
TI  - Primary squamous-cell carcinoma of the breast. Diagnosis by fine needle
      aspiration cytology.
AB  - A primary squamous-cell carcinoma of the breast was evaluated by fine needle
      aspiration cytology in a 41-year-old female. The subsequent mastectomy specimen
      contained a well-differentiated keratinizing squamous-cell carcinoma. On electron
      microscopic evaluation, the tumor cells contained well-formed desmosomes and
      prominent bundles of tonofilaments, typical of squamous-cell carcinoma in other
      organs. Thorough evaluation of the patient did not reveal squamous-cell carcinoma
      elsewhere.

PMID- 6587709
TI  - Tuberculosis of the breast. A cytomorphologic study of needle aspirates and
      nipple discharges.
AB  - A cytomorphologic diagnosis of tuberculosis of the breast by examination of
      needle aspirate and nipple discharge smears was made in 14 of 410 cases of
      mammary lumps and nipple discharges studied over a period of two years. The
      importance of aspiration cytology of breast lumps, which clinically may be
      diagnosed as benign or malignant lesions, is high-lighted. Although acid-fast
      bacilli were demonstrated in only one case, the clinical response to
      antituberculosis therapy was indirect but fairly convincing evidence supporting
      the cytologic diagnosis of tuberculosis of the breast in all 14 patients.

PMID- 6587710
TI  - Aspiration cytology of ovarian neoplasms. A review.
AB  - Unlike other gynecologic tumors, which are accessible to inspection and biopsy,
      ovarian neoplasms are located within the pelvis or abdomen and are reachable only
      by laparoscopy or exploratory laparotomy. Because of its simplicity, fine needle
      aspiration cytology may be used as an alternative to surgical procedures.
      However, because of the great variety of tumor types in the ovary, cytologic
      interpretation of aspirates from that organ represents one of the most
      challenging fields in diagnostic cytology. Nevertheless, as clinicians become
      more experienced in using this technique and pathologists gain confidence in
      their ability to evaluate samples correctly, aspiration cytology may prove to be
      one of the most valuable and acceptable tools in the diagnosis of tumors of the
      female pelvis.

PMID- 6587711
TI  - Limitations of aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of primary neoplasms.
AB  - A discussion of the limitations of aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of
      primary neoplasms is presented. Based on the 50-year experience in needle
      aspiration cytology at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center as well as on
      the comments and publications of other workers, the difficulties are considered
      for the various lesions and sites to which the technique has been applied. Five
      general considerations are emphasized: (1) aspiration samples should not be used
      in preference to larger biopsies when the latter can be easily and safely
      secured; (2) the histologic architecture is lost in aspiration samples, and
      diagnoses that are based on histology are not possible; (3) diagnoses must be
      made within the known clinical context, and incomplete or erroneous clinical
      information can lead to errors in cytologic diagnosis; (4) the diagnosis of
      cancer is simpler than is its classification; and (5) only positive findings give
      real information, with negative reports leaving the matter unsettled. Lesions in
      which aspiration cytology can readily contribute to the diagnosis are contrasted
      to those in which the differential diagnosis cannot be resolved on the basis of
      aspiration samples. Emphasis is also placed on those lesions for which needle
      aspiration should be considered an unwarranted, high-risk procedure. Needle
      aspiration is a valuable diagnostic technique that must not be misused and
      thereby discredited .

PMID- 6587712
TI  - Regulatory influence of relaxin on human cervical and uterine connective tissue.
AB  - Cervical tissue was obtained from women undergoing legal abortion in the 7th-15th
      week of gestation and tissue from the lower uterine segment was excised at
      elective Casearean section in the 38th-40th week. The specimens were incubated
      with [3H]proline in the presence of relaxin or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Relaxin
      had a concentration related inhibitory effect on the radiolabelling in the 7th
      9th week but failed to influence the amino acid uptake in the 10th-15th week of
      pregnancy. PGE2 had the inverse effect, i.e. no influence in the former group but
      reduced incorporation of proline in the latter group of patients. Incubation of
      tissue from the lower uterine segment showed a similar response as that of the
      early pregnant cervix. It is concluded that relaxin has a significant influence
      on [3H]proline incorporation by cervical and uterine tissue under in vitro
      experimental conditions.

PMID- 6587714
TI  - Program of plenary sessions and advance abstracts of short papers. 28. Symposium
      Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Endokrinologie. Heidelberg, March 7-10, 1984.

PMID- 6587713
TI  - Cyclic and diurnal alterations in the response of luteinizing hormone and
      prolactin to prostaglandin E2 during the rat oestrous cycle.
AB  - Two micrograms of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was infused into a lateral ventricle of
      the brain of female rats at 09.00 or 13.00 h on the different days of the
      oestrous cycle and the effect on luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin (Prl)
      release was determined. At 09.00 h PGE2 caused a pronounced release of LH in pro
      oestrous, oestrous and metoestrous rats whereas the LH response in dioestrous
      rats was moderate. The secretion of Prl was only stimulated in rats from the pro
      oestrous phase. When infused at 13.00 h PGE2 had a marked stimulatory effect on
      the release of LH in all groups of rats. The response was almost the same in
      oestrous, metoestrous and dioestrous rats but pro-oestrous rats a 2-fold higher
      LH response was observed. On each day of the oestrous cycle it was found that the
      LH-releasing activity of PGE2 was greater at 13.00 h than at 09.00 h. Thus, the
      overall greatest responsiveness of LH to PGE2 was noted at 13.00 h on pro-oestrus
      i.e. at a time which was prior to the onset of the spontaneous LH surge. At 13.00
      h - as at 09.00 h - PGE2 was only capable of stimulating Prl release in pro
      oestrous rats. Resembling the LH response it was found that PGE2-induced Prl
      release was greater at 13.00 h than at 09.00 h. In adult male rats the
      stimulatory effect of PGE2 on LH and Prl release was independent of the time of
      administration. It is concluded that the neuroendocrine elements of the
      hypothalamo-pituitary unit in mature female rats exhibit cyclic as well as
      diurnal alterations in the responsiveness to PGE2.

PMID- 6587715
TI  - Problems associated with long-term levodopa treatment of Parkinson's disease.
AB  - Levodopa treatment improves significantly not only the parkinsonian disability
      but also the mortality rate. However, during long-term levodopa treatment the
      therapeutic benefit gradually declines. Furthermore, most cognitive skills
      improve initially, but long-term levodopa treatment is associated with declining
      intellectual capacity and dementia. In patients on long-term levodopa treatment
      there seems to be a low threshold for certain clinical side-effects, especially
      postural hypotension, psychiatric disturbances and various types of fluctuations
      in disability. Low age at onset of Parkinson's disease, and at the commencement
      of levodopa therapy, the duration of levodopa treatment and a high dose of
      levodopa seem to be significant risk factors for the development of response
      fluctuations, but not the pretreatment duration of Parkinson's disease nor the
      disability of the patients. A readjustment of the levodopa dosage, and as an
      adjuvant drug treatment, deprenyl, a specific inhibitor of MAO type B, or a
      direct-acting dopamine agonist may prove helpful in the management of
      fluctuations in disability. It is important, moreover, to try to prevent these
      phenomena by taking into account the predictive risk factors of response
      fluctuations in the treatment strategy of Parkinson's disease.

PMID- 6587716
TI  - Variability in Parkinson's disease; clinical aspects, causes and treatment.
AB  - As we have earlier shown, sudden extreme changes in disease severity are a
      characteristic feature of Parkinson's disease. These variations take two main
      forms, those natural to the disease and those occurring as a result of treatment.
      Treatment-related response variations can sometimes be attributed to the known
      pharmacokinetic properties of anti-parkinsonian drugs and, in particular,
      levodopa. These responses are time-dependent. In contrast, other types of
      response variation may be unpredictable in time, and are at present rarely
      amenable to treatment. Identification of the cause of variation is necessary for
      the management of parkinsonism, and particularly for the successful use of
      deprenyl.

PMID- 6587717
TI  - Diagnosis and epidemiology of Parkinson's disease.
AB  - The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is purely a clinical diagnosis. The most
      common types of diagnostic error are a failure either to recognize the early, or
      unusual symptoms, or to differentiate other tremors and extrapyramidal syndromes
      from Parkinson's disease. The prevalence of Parkinson's disease is increasing.
      This has resulted from the reduction of the excess mortality by levodopa
      treatment. In the near future, there will be more older parkinsonian patients
      with a more prolonged duration of the disease.

PMID- 6587718
TI  - Hypertension during pregnancy.

PMID- 6587719
TI  - Hypertension in pregnancy and the infant. A controlled follow-up study.
AB  - A one-year population comprising 119 infants of 113 mothers with hypertension in
      pregnancy has been studied regarding fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity.
      The overall incidence of hypertension in pregnancy was 3.7%, but was higher in
      preterm deliveries (from 16.6% in gestational weeks 25-29 to 8.6% in gestational
      weeks 34-36). Fetal loss with intra-uterine death was related to hypertension in
      pregnancy in 23%. Auxological parameters in 16 SGA infants of hypertensive
      parturients showed growth recovery in all infants as regards head circumference
      and in all but 2 as regards body weight and body length. A controlled follow-up
      study was performed in 104 infants of hypertensive mothers and 104 control
      infants of similar gestational age and birthweight but without pregnancy
      complications. There was a significantly higher rate of cesarean section, of low
      Apgar score at 1 minute, and SGA infants and neonatal morbidity requiring
      admittance to the neonatal intensive care unit. At 2 years of age the rate of
      neurodevelopmental handicaps was similar in the study population and in control
      infants. Stillborn infants all belonged to the group of mothers with hypertension
      starting before the 21st gestational week and with an increased serum urate
      level. Three of 4 infants with a handicap at 2 years also belonged to this group
      of mothers. With modern peri-and neonatal intensive care and appropriate fetal
      assessment, delivery after 26-28 weeks of gestation seems to be associated with a
      slightly increased neonatal morbidity but no increase in long-term handicaps at 2
      years of age.

PMID- 6587720
TI  - Causes and consequences of maternal and fetal sympathoadrenal activation during
      parturition.
AB  - The sympathoadrenal system is activated in both the mother and fetus during
      parturition. The fetal plasma catecholamines may reach extremely high levels
      during deliveries complicated by asphyxia. Increased maternal sympathoadrenal
      activity during labour or caesarean section may negatively affect uteroplacental
      blood flow with possible adverse effects on the fetus. Such an increase may be
      avoided by adequate maternal pain relief and by the sympathetic blockade which
      follows epidural anaesthesia. Fetal sympathoadrenal activation during parturition
      seems on the contrary to be of positive functional importance both for fetal
      circulatory regulation in utero a well as for the neonatal adaptation in terms of
      pulmonary function and metabolic stimulation.

PMID- 6587721
TI  - General anaesthesia versus epidural block for caesarean section in patient with
      pre-eclampsia.
AB  - To protect mother and fetus from the stress of vaginal delivery, caesarean
      section is to be chosen in severe cases of pre-eclampsia. When general
      anaesthesia is used, attention must be paid to the increase in arterial pressure,
      pulmonary arterial pressure (PA) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCW),
      which occur during intubation, tracheal suction and extubation. In epidural
      block, on the other hand, hypotension is a common phenomenon if the hypovolaemia
      is not corrected before the anaesthesia. It is important for the
      anaesthesiologist to see these women early to be able to treat the hypovolaemia
      and hypertension prior to caesarean section.

PMID- 6587722
TI  - Cardiovascular changes in pre-eclampsia.
AB  - Pre-eclampsia is associated with a hyperdynamic circulation (increased cardiac
      output, systemic vascular resistance) and increased mean arterial blood pressure,
      and a diminished plasma volume. Expansion of plasma volume without simultaneous
      measures on circulation or proper monitoring may be detrimental, leading to
      pulmonary and brain edema.

PMID- 6587724
TI  - The influence of different positions and Korotkoff sounds on the blood pressure
      measurements in pregnancy.
AB  - The influence of the patient's posture on the measurement of arterial blood
      pressure has been studied during pregnancy. The blood pressure (BP) measured on
      the right arm in the left lateral recumbent position is significantly lower than
      in the supine, sitting, or erect positions. This difference is assumed to be due
      to hydrostatic factors. The diastolic BP should be read off at Korotkoff IV
      because the hyperkinetic circulation during pregnancy causes a pronounced
      variation in BP values when measurements are performed at Korotkoff sound V. The
      roll-over test seems inappropriate as a screening test to predict pre-eclampsia,
      because of the numerous false-positive tests. The importance of measuring the BP
      under standardized conditions during pregnancy in order to detect minimal changes
      in BP as indicative of pathophysiology in pre-eclampsia is emphasized.

PMID- 6587723
TI  - Sympatho-adrenal activity in different hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. A
      short review.

PMID- 6587725
TI  - The incidence of hypertensive disease in pregnancy.
AB  - Incidence figures for hypertensive disease in pregnancy (HDP) vary widely in
      epidemiological studies due to variations in definitions, the occurrence of risk
      factors and differing methods of data collection. In Uppsala county all pregnant
      women with a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or more were prospectively
      registered within a 2-year-period. The incidence of hypertension noted in the
      antenatal clinics was found to be 7.2%. In 56% of the cases hypertension was
      first noted after 37 weeks of gestation. The group of patients presenting before
      term with hypertension not normalized by bed rest in hospital and without
      complicating factors was only 14% of the whole material. The implications of the
      findings for discussions on therapy and complications in HDP are discussed.

PMID- 6587726
TI  - Characteristics of hypertension in pregnancy. A retrospective study of 261
      consecutive cases.
AB  - During the period 1969-73, 0.3% of 17 000 unselected non-diabetic pregnancies in
      our hospital were complicated by severe pre-eclampsia, 0.6% by mild pre-eclampsia
      and 0.6% by hypertension in pregnancy. Records from affiliated maternity centres
      and the hospital regarding these 261 women were studied and pertinent data
      assembled for comparison with 260 matched normotensive pregnancies. Instrumental
      deliveries were more common in all types of hypertensive pregnancy, with a 35%
      frequency of caesarean section in severe pre-eclampsia compared with fewer than
      5% for controls. Significantly longer hospitalization and increased perinatal
      mortality were observed in hypertensive pregnancies, most pronounced in severe
      pre-eclampsia. The combination of high blood pressure and proteinuria was
      associated with the greatest risk for premature birth, low infant weight and
      perinatal mortality. The overall incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy
      was relatively low, 1.5%, but these women counted for a significant proportion of
      obstetric complications requiring hospitalization and instrumental delivery.

PMID- 6587727
TI  - Methodological problems in studies on hypertension therapy during pregnancy.
AB  - As yet, no distinct aetiological factor underlying hypertension in pregnancy has
      been disclosed, and there is therefore no clearcut treatment for this condition.
      The lack of well-defined end-points makes it difficult to plan and evaluate the
      results of studies on the treatment of hypertension during pregnancy. However, we
      cannot await the solution to the puzzle of pre-eclampsia before providing
      treatment for this hypertension. Well-designed investigations to determine the
      most effective form of such treatment are therefore of great value and must be
      carried out in spite of the many problems associated with these studies. If given
      due consideration, as discussed in this paper, this problem can be alleviated.

PMID- 6587728
TI  - Risk grouping of 113 patients with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, with
      respect to serum urate, proteinuria and time of onset of hypertension.
AB  - In order to describe the outcome of a one-year material of hypertensive
      pregnancies, a retrospective analysis was made of the patients with respect to
      time of onset of hypertension, absence/presence of significant proteinuria, and
      maximum recorded serum urate values less or greater than 350 mumol/l. The
      material comprised 113 hypertensive patients, 3.7% of 3036 deliveries in 1980. Of
      these only 87 could be classified as intended. Twenty-two patients lacked
      information on serum urate values, and the remaining 4 did not fulfil the
      inclusion criteria. As the type of antihypertensive treatment was almost
      exclusively restricted to beta 1-selective betablockers, alone or in combination
      with hydralazine, the type of treatment given was analysed with respect to the
      classification system applied. From this retrospective study it is evident that
      most hypertensive patients tend to be older than the average pregnant woman and
      that they also tend to represent problems arising during recurrent pregnancies.
      Patients with additive risk factors such as proteinuria and high serum urate
      values tend to need more vigorous antihypertensive treatment and in that sense
      seem to be more difficult to treat. In our material, patients with an early rise
      in high blood pressure and high serum urate values accounted for the entire
      perinatal mortality of the hypertensive pregnancies. The values of serum urate
      monitoring and the future detection and monitoring of hypertensive pregnant
      patients is discussed.

PMID- 6587729
TI  - Disposition of the adrenergic blocker metoprolol in the late-pregnant woman, the
      amniotic fluid, the cord blood and the neonate.
AB  - Pharmacokinetic studies on the concentration of the beta 1-blocker metoprolol
      have been performed in maternal plasma, amniotic fluid, breast milk and the
      plasma of the newborn. The concentration of metoprolol in maternal plasma
      exceeded that in the amniotic fluid initially , but not later on. The quotient
      between the metoprolol concentration in the maternal venous blood and the mixed
      cord blood at the time of parturition is at about 1. In the maternal plasma the
      metoprolol concentration decreases rapidly after the latest dose, probably
      because of an increased clearance rate. Blood levels of metoprolol during the
      first postnatal hours increase almost fourfold and are generally followed by a
      decrease over the next 15 hours. Active metabolites of metoprolol (alfa-OH
      metoprolol and 0-demethyl-metoprolol) are found in the urine of the newborn. The
      breast milk concentration of metoprolol is three times as high as in the maternal
      plasma but the suckling newborn will only show very low or unmeasurable plasma
      levels between consecutive breast feeding periods, in the majority of cases.

PMID- 6587731
TI  - Pre-eclampsia: a hypothesis for its pathogenesis.
AB  - A hypothesis is presented according to which the pathogenesis of pregnancy
      induced hypertension can be attributed to disturbances in renal function caused
      by the upright posture of the human. In pregnancy, glomerular filtration rate
      (GFR) and tubular reabsorption, the latter stimulated by aldosterone, are working
      in high gear. A diminished GFR with continued stimulation of tubular reabsorption
      would lead to sodium retention. That situation could result, particularly in the
      primigravida, from the enlarged uterus of late pregnancy exerting pressure on and
      interfering with venous return, arterial blood flow to kidneys, and/or ability of
      ureters to transport urine and maintain low pressure in the kidney pelvis. At an
      early stage, pre-eclampsia can be controlled by bed rest, quite likely by
      removing dangerous uterine compression. Animal studies are required to test the
      hypothesis.

PMID- 6587730
TI  - Atenolol and metoprolol. A comparison of their excretion into human breast milk.
AB  - The transfer of atenolol and metoprolol to human breast milk was studied in 7
      lactating women with hypertension. Concentrations of atenolol and metoprolol in
      maternal plasma and milk and in plasma of the nursed infants were determined.
      Blood samples were obtained from the women and from the infants during a dose
      interval. Milk was collected repeatedly from the left breast but only twice from
      the right breast. The ratio between the area under the milk concentration versus
      time curve ( AUCm ) and the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve
      ( AUCp ) in the mother varied between 2.0 and 3.1 for metoprolol and 1.1 and 3.1
      for atenolol. The milk concentrations of metoprolol in the right breast were
      similar to those in the left breast, although the latter had been emptied more
      frequently. For atenolol the milk concentrations in the right breast were lower
      than in the left breast. The plasma concentrations of metoprolol and atenolol in
      the infants were negligible or below the limit of detection. Our results show
      that exposure of the infant to metoprolol can be minimized if nursing is not
      undertaken earlier than 3-4 hours after dose intake.

PMID- 6587732
TI  - Labetalol for the treatment of hypertension in pregnancy. Pharmacokinetics and
      effects on the uteroplacental blood flow.
AB  - Plasma levels of labetalol were measured in 7 hypertensive pregnant women who
      were given 200 mg three times daily orally. The plasma concentrations were
      usually lower than those reported in the non-pregnant state at a comparative
      dose. In 5 women the ratio between fetal and maternal plasma labetalol
      concentrations could be calculated at parturition. The median value of this
      quotient was about 50%. The effect of labetalol 1 mg/kg body weight intravenously
      was registered with functional placental scintigraphy. Fifteen women
      participated. A computer-linked gamma camera above the uterus registered the
      radioactivity in the placental region after two intravenous bolus injections of
      18.5 MBq indium-113m chloride. From the radioactivity uptake curves,
      uteroplacental blood flow indices could be calculated before and 30 minutes after
      the labetalol injection. Despite a significant reduction in maternal blood
      pressure, no change in uteroplacental blood flow index was found. This could
      indicate that the vascular resistance in the maternal placental circulation was
      reduced by labetalol.

PMID- 6587733
TI  - Acute haemodynamic effects of pindolol during pregnancy in experimental renal
      hypertension.
AB  - Clinical as well as experimental studies have demonstrated a 70% reduction in
      utero-placental blood flow in pregnancies affected by severe hypertension (13,
      19). In pregnant renal hypertensive rats, propranolol administration causes a
      further 50% reduction in utero-placental blood flow (16). The present study on
      renal hypertensive rats was performed in order to explore the acute effects on
      central haemodynamics and utero-placental blood flow of the non-selective beta
      blocker pindolol, which also has an intrinsic beta-stimulatory effect. Renal
      hypertension was induced by partial clamping of both renal arteries in female
      Wistar rats 4 weeks before pregnancy. Some 2-4 days before expected parturition,
      cardiac output was determined with the dye-dilution technique and blood flow to
      the reproductive organs with the microsphere technique, both before and after
      acute pindolol administration. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate were
      recorded continuously during the experiment. After pindolol injection, mean
      arterial pressure fell by 22% due to a 38% reduction in total peripheral
      resistance. No significant changes in cardiac output, stroke volume or heart rate
      were found. Placental blood flow was significantly reduced, by 30%, whereas
      myometrial and ovarian blood flows were reduced by only 18 and 9%, respectively.
      Thus, the reduction in blood supply to the reproductive organs in renal
      hypertensive rats after acute pindolol administration was most pronounced in the
      placenta. This reduction in placental flow was, however, only about half as
      pronounced as after propranolol, which lacks intrinsic beta-stimulatory effects.
      This may suggest that vasodilating beta-receptors may play an important role in
      the maternal placental vascular bed.

PMID- 6587734
TI  - Influence of the beta 1-adrenoceptor blocker atenolol on antenatal
      cardiotocography.
AB  - Forty term patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension were treated with the
      beta 1-adrenoceptor blocker atenolol (Tenormin R; ICI) for at least 7 days prior
      to parturition. The antenatal cardiotocography (CTG) was visually analysed before
      and during treatment. The mean basal fetal heart rate (FHR) decreased from 143 +/
      7 beats per minute (bpm) to 133 +/- 8 bpm. In 13.1% of the recordings in treated
      patients there was a decrease in long-term variability for a period of more than
      20 minutes; this was observed in only 2.3% prior to treatment. The amplitude of
      the accelerations was reduced from 23 +/- 6 bpm to 18 +/- 4 bpm. It was
      demonstrated that atenolol affected antenatal CTG, and this has to be taken into
      consideration when interpreting antenatal CTG as one parameter for evaluation of
      fetal well-being.

PMID- 6587735
TI  - [Toward an appraisal of health rights in Venezuela].

PMID- 6587736
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of different stages of the development and maturation of
      human odontoblasts].

PMID- 6587738
TI  - Acute effects of prostaglandins on the biosynthesis of connective tissue
      constituents in the non-pregnant human cervix uteri.
AB  - Biochemical effects of prostaglandins (PGs) on the connective tissue of the human
      cervix uteri were studied by measuring the net incorporation of [3H] glycine and
      [3H] glucosamine into cervical specimens, incubated in vitro in the presence of
      PGE2 and PGF2 alpha. The net radiolabelling with these isotopes, precursors of
      collagen and proteoglycans, was influenced by PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in a similar
      manner. In the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, both PGs induced a
      decreased radiolabelling with glycine but caused an increased labelling with
      glucosamine. In the luteal phase, the situation was reversed, i.e. the
      incorporation of glycine was augmented and that of glucosamine was reduced in
      tissue incubated with PGs. It is suggested that PGs can modulate the fibroblast
      biosynthesis activity in such a way that either the synthesis of fibrous
      structures (collagen) or that of ground substance constituents (proteoglycans) is
      favored.

PMID- 6587737
TI  - [Endodontic irrigants].

PMID- 6587739
TI  - Uterine rupture as a complication of second-trimester abortion when using
      prostaglandin F2 alpha together with other oxytocic agents.
AB  - A case of uterine rupture is presented following induction of second-trimester
      abortion using oxytocin and prostaglandin F2 alpha. A brief review of the
      literature is given and etiological factors and diagnostic features are
      discussed.

PMID- 6587740
TI  - An electron microscopic study of acute promyelocytic leukemia with chloroma.
AB  - Tumor forming acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is rare and only three cases
      have been documented. However, there are no reports on either the chloromatous
      character or electron microscopical analysis. The present paper dealt with a
      light, electron microscopic and histochemical study of the tumor of APL in a 55
      year-old Japanese male. The tumors found in the anterior mediastinum and right
      lower extremity. He died from respiratory disturbance and hydrothorax due to
      obstruction of the pulmonary truncus by the mediastinal tumor. In electron
      microscopy, the tumor cells showed dilatation, colloracious pattern and honey
      comb-like structure of rough endoplasmic reticula (RER) and parallel array
      arrangement of smooth endoplasmic reticula (SER). These abnormalities of ER are
      the same as those recently recognized in leukemic cells in APL. Furthermore, the
      intercellular junctions composed of opposing dense patches of the cytoplasmic
      plasmalemma were frequently found between the more immature tumor cell of the
      mediastinum.

PMID- 6587741
TI  - The catabolism of C1(-)-inhibitor and the pathogenesis of hereditary angio-edema.
AB  - A sufficient explanation for the observations that HAE is a dominantly
      transmitted disease and that the hemizygotes have levels of the normal protein of
      only in the region of 15%-20% of normal can be given by proposing that a
      substantial proportion of the catabolism of C1(-)-esterase inhibitor involves the
      prior formation of a complex with one of the enzymes with which the inhibitor
      reacts. This part of the catabolism will be largely independent of inhibitor
      concentration, i.e. of zero order, and for this reason occurs similarly in
      normals and in hemizygotes. Estimates of the extent of this zero order metabolism
      can be obtained from turnover data with normal and dysfunctional C1(-)-inhibitor
      and the results are consistent with the observed levels. In the form of the
      disease associated with the dysfunction protein the dysfunctional protein makes
      up more than 85% of the total protein found for the same reason. The extent of
      the enzyme inhibitor complex dependent catabolism (RO) can be determined in vivo
      by simultaneous turnovers of dysfunctional and normal inhibitor and gives a
      measure of the extent of activation of this group of enzymes. The value of this
      technique in clinical practice is described elsewhere.

PMID- 6587742
TI  - Cold enhancement of blood coagulation: observations on the role of C1(-)
      inhibitor.
AB  - The effect of incubation at 4 degrees C upon the one stage prothrombin times and
      the Thrombotest times of plasma from normal people, females taking oral
      contraceptive agents (O.C.A.'s) or in the third trimester of pregnancy, and
      patients with hereditary angioneurotic edema (H.A.N.E.) was measured to determine
      if enhancement of coagulant activity was regularly associated with reduced
      amounts of C1(-)- inhibitor (C1(-)-INH) in the plasma. Cold-enhanced coagulant
      activity was not always found in H.A.N.E. plasmas, markedly deficient in C1(-)-
      INH, and when found, the addition of purified C1(-)-INH to the plasma did not
      always prevent its development in vitro. Females taking O.C.A.'s regularly
      demonstrated cold-enhanced plasma coagulant activity in this series, as did
      pregnant females tested, as reported by others. The relation of C1(-)-INH levels
      in plasma to the cold-enhanced plasma coagulant activity was imperfect. In plasma
      obtained during pregnancy, but not exposed to 4 degrees C, C1(-)-INH levels were
      low despite minimal shortening of the Thrombotest time. Thus, these observations
      suggest that reduced levels of C1(-)-INH in plasma was not directly related to
      the tendency to generate enhanced coagulant activity at 4 degrees C. Other
      factors must be critical to the development of this activity, and the failure to
      block its development in C1(-)-INH deficient plasmas by adding purified C1(-)-INH
      at venesection suggests that events which initiate the development of this
      property may have occurred in vivo.

PMID- 6587743
TI  - Lysis of sheep red cells in neat autologous serum as a source of antibody and
      complement.
AB  - Lysis of autologous sheep red cells (labeled with methotrexate as the target
      hapten) by neat autologous serum was studied. The results indicated that the
      efficiency of lysis under physiological concentrations of cells and serum was
      about the same as lysis of the same target cells sensitized with autologous
      antibody and guinea pig serum as the source of complement. The data also indicate
      that the one-hit mechanism of immune lysis operates under near physiological
      conditions.

PMID- 6587744
TI  - Separation of functionally or highly pure C2 from human plasma with Sepharose and
      a lectin of Euonymus europeus.
AB  - A method is described for isolating both functionally and highly pure C2 from
      normal human serum or plasma. Functionally pure C2 was obtained by a two-step
      method of ammonium sulfate (AS) fractionation of plasma or serum and
      chromatography on AH-Sepharose containing a bound lectin of Euonymus europeus.
      The functionally pure C2 can be isolated in 2 days, and is used routinely as a
      reagent for functional hemolytic titrations of C3 and C4 in the Clinical
      Immunology Laboratory. Highly pure C2 was isolated by the two-step fractionation
      with AS followed by chromatography on CM-cellulose, aged CNBr-activated Sepharose
      4B, and AH-Sepharose-lectin. The major difficulty for isolating highly pure C2
      was its separation from Factor B of the alternative complement pathway. The yield
      of C2 varied from 30 to 40 per cent. Following electrophoresis and staining on
      polyacrylamide gels, the single band was hemolytically active C2.

PMID- 6587745
TI  - Freeze-thaw activation of the complement attack phase: I. Separation of two steps
      in the formation of the active C--56 complex.
AB  - The activation of the attack phase of C, C5-C9, is generally assumed to be
      dependent on the enzymes of the C activation pathways which cleave C5 into C5b
      and C5a. C5b will then form a complex with C6 that binds to membranes and, in the
      presence of C7-C9, effects cell lysis. In contrast, however, a variety of
      physicochemical means was found to activate C5 + C6 independently of the
      convertases and without apparent generation of the C5a peptide. By freezing and
      thawing of C5 + C6 a hemolytic C--56 activity was generated: (C--56 ).f The
      activation proceeded in two steps: (1) during a preincubation period of the two
      components the time and temperature dependent formation of an activatable
      intermediate was observed and (2) the intermediate C--56 could then be endowed
      with hemolytic activity by freezing and thawing. The intermediate as well as the
      activated (C--56)f complex was separated from C5 and C6 by anion exchange
      chromatography. While the isolated intermediate was labile, the active product
      after freezing and thawing was stable.

PMID- 6587746
TI  - Inhibition of C9 polymerization within the SC5b-9 complex of complement by S
      protein.
AB  - The effect of S-protein on the polymerization of C9 during assembly of the C5b-9
      complex was examined. Utilizing SDS polyacrylamide gradient slab gel
      electrophoresis, tubular poly C9 was quantitated as SDS resistant protein of 1.1
      to 1.3 X 10(6) molecular weight. Poly C9 formation occurred upon incubation of
      purified C5b-6, C7, C8 and C9 at molar ratios 1:1:1:12. Addition of purified S
      protein to the protein mixture or to preassembled C5b-7 or C5b-8 blocked
      formation of poly C9 in a dose dependent fashion and gave rise to SC5b-9. SC5b-9
      assembled from purified proteins or in zymosan-activated serum was visualized in
      the electron microscope as a wedge-shaped structure of 350 to 400 A length and 30
      to 250 A width which lacked tubular poly C9 seen in images of the membrane attack
      complex (MAC). Using biotinyl-S-protein and colloidal gold particles coated with
      avidin, S-protein was located at the wide end of the wedge-like SC5b-9 complex.
      It is concluded that S-protein has a dual function in SC5b-9 assembly. It blocks
      the membrane site of C5b-7 and it inhibits C9 polymerization by SC5b-8.
      Accordingly, the main structural difference between SC5b-9 and the MAC is the
      lack of tubular poly C9.

PMID- 6587748
TI  - Recombinant DNA--a third era in medicine?

PMID- 6587747
TI  - Complement in the serum and venom of Brazilian snakes (Crotalidae).
AB  - Proteins antigenically related to CoF, the anticomplementary protein of the venom
      of the Indian hooded cobra (Naja naja), were found in a variety of elapid and
      viper venoms but not in the venom of Brazilian crotalids . In keeping with this
      finding was the weak ability of Brazilian snake venom to convert C3 in human
      serum. All snake serums tested, including Brazilian crotalids , contained a beta
      globulin antigenically related to CoF. This serum protein in Brazilian snake
      serum had a number of characteristics of mammalian C3, including conversion on
      storage or on incubation of this serum with endotoxin, zymosan or mammalian
      antigen-antibody precipitates. The serum protein did not, however, convert on
      incubation with hydrazine. Brazilian crotalid serum did not, as did cobra serum,
      have the ability to inactivate CoF's ability to activate complement in normal
      human serum. The crotalid serum had hemolytic activity for rabbit antibody
      sensitized and unsensitized sheep red blood cells that was active in the presence
      of Ca++ and Mg++ or Mg++ alone but greater with Ca++ present, suggesting the
      presence of both classical and alternative pathways of complement activation.
      This activity was maximal at 37 degrees C, but was destroyed or inactive after
      heating at 50 degrees C for 1 hr, incubation with hydrazine or by addition of
      EDTA. A marked reduction of hemolytic activity of Bothrops serum occurred after
      removal of the CoF-like protein. These findings suggest that Brazilian snake
      venom has little CoF-like material, but its serum contains a CoF-like protein
      with many characteristics of C3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6587749
TI  - Hemodynamic effects of verapamil in essential hypertension at rest and during
      exercise.
AB  - In recent years the calcium antagonist verapamil has been used in the treatment
      of essential hypertension. Relatively little work has been done to elucidate its
      long-term haemodynamic effects at rest and during exercise. Ten males with
      previously untreated essential hypertension in WHO stage I, aged 35-55 years,
      were studied on an outpatient basis. Oxygen consumption, heart rate, cardiac
      output ( Cardiogreen ) and intra-arterial brachial pressure were recorded at rest
      in the supine and sitting position and during steady state work at 50, 100 and
      150 W. As expected, the hypertension was associated with an increase in total
      peripheral resistance. The subjects were treated with verapamil 120-240 mg daily
      as the sole drug for one year. The haemodynamic study was then repeated. One
      subject demonstrated a slight increase in blood pressure at rest and during
      exercise, while there was a blood pressure reduction in the other 9. The
      nonresponding patient was excluded from the statistical evaluation. The main
      results were as follows: There was a statistically significant reduction in
      systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure at rest as well as during
      exercise. The reductions reached about 10% at rest, slightly less during
      exercise. The blood pressure reduction was associated with a statistically
      significant reduction in total peripheral resistance at rest only. During
      exercise, the reduction in resistance was modest (about 5%). The heart rate was
      practically unchanged during supine rest, but decreased about 8% at rest sitting
      and during exercise.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6587750
TI  - The role of a slow channel inhibitor, verapamil, in the management of
      hypertension.
AB  - The 'Oxford' system for continuous monitoring of the ambulatory blood pressure
      was used to assess the changes in blood pressure following therapy with the slow
      channel inhibitor, verapamil. Sixteen patients were studied on no therapy and
      following a minimum of 6 weeks therapy (dose range 120-160 mg t.d.s.). During
      each study patients underwent standardized physiological tests including tilt,
      isometric handgrip and dynamic bicycle exercise. Verapamil was demonstrated to
      produce a consistent reduction of blood pressure over most of the 24 h period
      studied but this was most marked during the day. Heart rate was also reduced.
      There was no postural hypotension and the absolute responses to dynamic and
      isometric exercise were reduced. The results demonstrate the antihypertensive
      efficacy of 'slow channel inhibitors' as represented by verapamil.

PMID- 6587751
TI  - Antihypertensive effect of verapamil in patients with newly discovered mild to
      moderate essential hypertension.
AB  - The antihypertensive effect of verapamil (Isoptin) 120 mg X 3 for four weeks was
      compared with that of placebo in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over
      investigation. Twenty patients with newly discovered, not previously treated,
      mild to moderate essential hypertension were included in the study. Verapamil
      significantly reduced the diastolic and systolic blood pressure in the supine and
      standing positions, as well as the heart rate. One patient discontinued the
      treatment because of rash. Otherwise, only constipation was registered as a side
      effect of Isoptin. No orthostatic reactions were observed and the PQ-interval was
      unchanged. Compliance was excellent.

PMID- 6587752
TI  - Verapamil and propranolol: a comparison of two antihypertensive agents.
AB  - Verapamil, a calcium antagonist, was compared with propranolol, a widely used
      beta-adrenoreceptor blocker, in hypertensive patients with respect to its
      antihypertensive efficacy and incidence and severity of adverse effects. Both
      drugs caused similar blood pressure reductions without interfering with pulse
      pressure. The hypotensive effect of verapamil was not accompanied by any effect
      on heart rate, while after propranolol there was a significant bradycardia. ST
      segment and T wave abnormalities at rest and after exercise were partially or
      completely reverted by both drugs. The incidence and severity of adverse effects
      was very low and no patient was withdrawn from the study because of complaints
      due to the active drugs. Verapamil can be compared as antihypertensive drug to
      the beta-blocker propranolol and this may justify, together with the absence of
      negative effects on lipids, blood sugar, serum electrolytes and renal function,
      its use as an antihypertensive drug of first choice.

PMID- 6587753
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of calcium blockers in patients with renal insufficiency and in
      geriatric patients.
AB  - Calcium antagonists have been used in the treatment of various medical disorders
      for more than 10 years, but their pharmacokinetics properties are poorly
      investigated. Available data on the pharmacokinetics of calcium antagonists in
      normal men are summarized in the present paper. Information on the influence of
      renal impairment and old age on the handling of calcium-antagonists are only
      available for verapamil. Patients with advanced renal disease had a significant
      reduction in the apparent volume of distribution, a shortened serum elimination
      half life, a decreased total body clearance of verapamil due to a decrease in the
      renal excretion of verapamil and its active metabolite norverapamil and also to a
      decrease in metabolic clearance. Pharmacokinetic parameters obtained after oral
      administration were not significantly different from those after intravenous
      dosing. The mean biologic availability (22.8%) was in the same range as reported
      for normal persons, but individual variations would seem to be greater. Elderly
      patients with a mean age of 87 years also had a significantly reduced volume of
      distribution of verapamil and decreased total body clearance of the drug,
      although this last change did not reach statistical significance. The biologic
      availability in the elderly was higher than in younger persons with a mean value
      of 37.69% and a wide range from 9.16 to 82.76%. These findings imply that
      verapamil dosage should be reduced in patients with impaired renal function and
      elderly patients.

PMID- 6587754
TI  - The influence of calcium antagonists on plasma digoxin concentration.
AB  - Several investigators have independently discovered that the calcium antagonist,
      verapamil, causes a 60-80% increase in plasma digoxin. Pharmacokinetic studies
      indicate, that the elevated plasma digoxin level is due to verapamil-induced
      inhibition of both renal and extrarenal digoxin clearance. No significant changes
      in single-dose digoxin pharmacokinetics were observed during nifedipine
      coadministration . To elucidate the clinical relevance of this interaction, we
      investigated the influence of verapamil on digoxin-induced inotropism as assessed
      from systolic time intervals. In single-dose trials, the verapamil-induced
      elevation of plasma digoxin was associated with a more sustained reduction in
      left ventricular ejection time as compared to control. Correspondingly, the
      concentration-response relationship of digoxin inotropism was unaffected by
      verapamil. In-vitro studies showed that verapamil had no influence on the number
      of digitalis receptors on human lymphocytes. In accordance, verapamil enhanced
      the digoxin-induced elevation of intracellular sodium concentration possibly
      reflecting an increased receptor effect. The plasma digoxin elevation resulting
      from verapamil coadministration seems cardioactive with regard to both inotropism
      and toxic effects.

PMID- 6587755
TI  - Effect of verapamil on serum lipoproteins in patients with angina pectoris.
AB  - Since several beta-blocking agents increase the atherogenic VLDL-triglycerides
      and decrease the atheroprotective HDL-cholesterol we studied if verapamil also
      affects these lipoproteins or the most atherogenic LDL-cholesterol. Twelve
      patients (three females), mean age 56 years, with angina pectoris or
      hypertension/tachyarrhythmias were treated with verapamil 240-320 mg/day. Serum
      lipoproteins were measured before and after 6 and 24 weeks of therapy. Initial
      total serum cholesterol averaged 7.27 mmol/l. After 6 weeks of treatment it
      decreased by 9%, p less than 0.02. These results remained significant, p less
      than 0.01 after 24 weeks. The decrease was due to a fall in LDL-cholesterol by
      12%, p less than 0.01. The reduction in LDL-cholesterol was correlated to initial
      LDL-cholesterol concentration, r = -0.73, p less than 0.01. Within LDL there was
      a parallel decrease in phospholipids, p less than 0.05. There were no changes in
      total or VLDL-triglycerides or total HDL-cholesterol. In the HDL fraction HDL2
      decreased insignificantly but HDL3 cholesterol increased by 12%, p less than
      0.05. We conclude that verapamil has a beneficial effect on serum lipoproteins in
      that it lowers the atherogenic LDL-cholesterol and does not affect the other
      lipoproteins in an undesirable way.

PMID- 6587756
TI  - Variation of serum lipoproteins in postmyocardial infarction patients treated
      with verapamil or placebo.
AB  - The effect of verapamil on plasma lipids and lipoproteins was studied in 64
      patients taking part in a double blind controlled trial of verapamil versus
      placebo in post myocardial infarction. During a six month treatment period no
      significant difference was seen in plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, high
      density lipoproteins or low density lipoproteins.

PMID- 6587757
TI  - Evaluation of verapamil and high dose nifedipine in patients with chronic stable
      angina with objective methods.
AB  - The efficacy and safety of verapamil and nifedipine were objectively assessed in
      patients with chronic stable angina. Twenty four patients entered a double blind
      randomized cross over trial of nifedipine (10 mg thrice daily) and placebo. In
      this dosage nifedipine did not show any significant change in exercise duration
      and the variables obtained using computer assisted exercise testing when compared
      to placebo. The next stage consisted of another double blind randomized cross
      over trial comparing the effects of verapamil (120 mg thrice daily) and
      nifedipine (20 mg thrice daily) with an initial placebo run-in period in 32
      patients. At this dose level nifedipine showed a definite and significant
      improvement in all the objective variables; however an increase in side effects
      was observed resulting in withdrawal of the drug in seven patients. A common
      problem was tachycardia precipitating angina after nifedipine ingestion. On the
      other hand verapamil produced a marked improvement in exercise tolerance and
      other variables as compared to placebo and nifedipine, was well tolerated and
      produced a mild bradycardia. This study clearly indicates that verapamil is
      distinctly superior to nifedipine in efficacy side effects and safety in patients
      with chronic stable angina. This may be attributable to the differential effect
      on heart rates induced by these drugs.

PMID- 6587758
TI  - Effects of intravenous verapamil on the haemodynamic response to exercise in
      patients with angina pectoris.
AB  - The effects of intravenous Verapamil (V) on exercise haemodynamics and
      ventricular function were compared in 13 patients with stable effort angina.
      Intravascular pressures, thermodilution cardiac output and radionuclide ejection
      fraction were measured simultaneously at rest and during exercise. At rest
      Verapamil produced systemic vasodilation. During exercise at identical workloads
      compared to control, Verapamil increased cardiac index (CI) and decreased AVO2
      difference. Pulmonary artery wedge pressure was lower. Ejection fraction was
      higher (control-55 +/- 11% vs V-64 +/- 11%) as the disproportionate increase in
      end systolic volume relative to the end diastolic volume was prevented. Verapamil
      is effective in exercise induced angina and alters haemodynamics primarily
      through its vasodilating properties associated with an increased CI.

PMID- 6587759
TI  - Epidemiology of chest pain and angina pectoris, with special reference to
      treatment needs.
AB  - The Copenhagen City Heart Study is a cardiovascular epidemiological study of a
      random sample of the population living in the area surrounding Rigshospitalet .
      Major aims of the study were to determine the prevalence and incidence of
      ischaemic heart disease, and to examine predictive signs and symptoms in the
      general population, as well as to determine treatment needs in subjects already
      suffering from ischaemic heart disease. The present study focuses on the
      epidemiology of chest pain and angina pectoris in the Copenhagen City Heart Study
      with the object of measuring the prevalence and prognosis of angina pectoris and
      evaluating treatment needs in subjects with angina pectoris.

PMID- 6587760
TI  - Personality and eating habit variables as predictors of severity of binge eating
      and weight.
AB  - The present study investigated several personality and eating habit variables as
      predictors of the severity of binge eating and weight deviation. Subjects were
      120 normal weight and overweight undergraduate women selected to vary along
      predetermined dimensions of weight and severity of binge eating. After providing
      relevant demographic and life history data, they completed a series of self
      report questionnaires. Results of a canonical analysis support the independence
      of binge eating and weight. Two stepwise multiple regressions indicated that
      anorexic-like eating attitudes, dissatisfaction with body image, and poor self
      image were significant predictors of the severity of binge eating while none of
      the measures was a significant predictor of weight deviation. The amount of
      stress experienced in the past year was found to be the only significant
      demographic/historical predictor of binge eating. These findings are discussed
      with respect to their implications for current understanding of the binge eating
      phenomenon.

PMID- 6587762
TI  - Establishment of a cell line (TSUS-1) derived from a human squamous cell
      carcinoma of the penis.
AB  - We established a cell line ( TSUS -1) derived from a relatively well
      differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. The cells had been
      subcultured 60 times during two years and five months. The average doubling time
      of this cell line was 38 hours. Chromosomal analysis indicated that the modal
      chromosome number was 75; seven marker chromosomes and a male karyotype were
      present. The cultured cells were easily transplantable into BALB/c nude mice and
      the histological picture of the inoculated tumor was similar to that of the
      original tumor.

PMID- 6587761
TI  - [The effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on the gastrointestinal movement after
      urological surgery].
AB  - To facilitate postoperative flatus, Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) was given
      intravenously to 23 patients who underwent urological operations. The patients
      were 14 males and 6 females aged from 20 to 77 years old. Patients with
      hypertension or cardiovascular disease were not included. Twelve operations were
      performed under general anesthesia, and 8 under epidural anesthesia. Thirteen
      operations were performed for the upper urinary tract or adrenal gland, and 5
      were for the lower urinary tract. In 2 cases, the peritoneal cavity was opened
      and operations were performed on the intestines. PGF2 alpha 2000 micrograms was
      added to the postoperative drip infusion and administered in 2 to 3 hours. Until
      the first flatus was recognized, PGF2 alpha was given once a day in the same
      manner. Twenty-six patients, 10 of whom were given either vagostigmine or
      pantothen postoperatively, served as the control group. PGF2 alpha accelerated
      the postoperative flatus by 8.7 hours (mean) compared with the control group, but
      it was not significant. The onset of flatus was significantly promoted under
      epidural anesthesia. Gastrointestinal movement tended to be facilitated in the
      PGF2 alpha group after lower urinary tract surgery and in the patients over 50
      years old. Three patients complained of severe abdominal pain as a side effect;
      and, injection of PGF2 alpha was stopped. In 7 patients, mild stomachache ,
      vascular pain, nausea, vomiting or elevation of blood pressure were observed.

PMID- 6587763
TI  - [Clinical experience with cefmetazole in the urological field].
AB  - The clinical effectiveness of Cefmetazole, a new cephamycin antibiotic, was
      studied in 13 cases of complicated urinary tract infection and in 3 cases of
      acute simple pyelonephritis. The drug was administrated, in 2 or 4 g doses twice
      a day, by intravenous drip infusion, for 5 to 10 days. The overall clinical
      effectiveness rate, based on the UTI efficacy evaluation, was 92% for complicated
      urinary tract infection and 100% for acute simple pyelonephritis. Among 18
      strains isolated, 14 strains were eradicated and 4 strains were replaced. The
      bacteriological efficacy was 100%. No adverse reaction was noted. Cefmetazole was
      suggested to be a useful antibiotic for the treatment of urinary tract
      infections.

PMID- 6587764
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of cefmetazole in urological infections].
AB  - Clinical efficacy of Cefmetazole was evaluated at four university hospitals and
      their related hospitals in Nagoya. For the treatment of urinary tract infections
      with or without complications, 177 patients were administered Cefmetazole. Of
      these patients, 69 had chronic complicated urinary tract infection defined in the
      UTI manual and 20 had simple acute pyelonephritis. The other urological
      infections for which Cefmetazole was administered included prostatitis,
      epididymitis, urosepsis and wound infections. Fifty four patients were given
      Cefmetazole intravenously after urological operation to prevent wound and urinary
      tract infections. The overall clinical efficacy of Cefmetazole for UTI was 76.8%;
      84.4% for group 1, 85.7% for group 3, 75% for group 4, 44.4% for group 5 and
      66.6% for group 6. In acute pyelonephritis due to E. coli, Klebsiella, Serratia,
      S. aureus, alpha-Streptococcus and S. epidermidis all patients were cured by
      Cefmetazole administration. Clinical efficacy of Cefmetazole was assessed to be
      excellent in 6 cases of prostatitis and 6 cases of acute epididymitis. E. Coli,
      Serratia and some organisms disappeared from blood after the administration of
      Cefmetazole but Pseudomonas persisted even after treatment. Postoperative
      administration of Cefmetazole was effective for eradication of bacteria from the
      urine in 26 out of 30 patients and in prevention of infection in 24 cases. After
      the administration of Cefmetazole skin eruption was observed in one patient and
      nausea in another. Slight elevation of GOT, GPT and total bilirubin was noted in
      3 of the 177 patients after medication.

PMID- 6587765
TI  - Natural history of untreated periodontal disease.

PMID- 6587766
TI  - The microbiology of periodontal diseases with emphasis on localized juvenile
      periodontitis.

PMID- 6587767
TI  - Occlusion: current concepts and its role in periodontal therapy.

PMID- 6587768
TI  - A fresh look at the maintenance phase of periodontal therapy.

PMID- 6587769
TI  - Diagnosing bulimia.
AB  - It was previously thought that weight fluctuation was the main sign of this binge
      eating-purging disorder, but there is now a recognized cluster of signs and
      symptoms. Behavioral indicators include secrecy, substance abuse and "doctor
      shopping." Systemic findings include a multitude of gastrointestinal complaints,
      menstrual abnormalities, orofacial problems and "cardiac" symptoms and signs,
      including electrocardiographic changes. Laboratory studies can also reveal
      valuable clues to this potentially life-threatening disorder.

PMID- 6587770
TI  - Animal dentistry: endodontics on large carnivores.

PMID- 6587771
TI  - Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia with prominent
      eosinophilic component.
AB  - A patient with Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia and
      hypereosinophilia was found at autopsy to have multiple splenic tumors composed
      exclusively of mature and developing eosinophils. This finding indicated a clonal
      proliferation of the eosinophils and supports the concept that the
      hypereosinophilia was also a component of the leukemic process.

PMID- 6587772
TI  - Giving information for a life-threatening diagnosis. Parents' and oncologists'
      perceptions.
AB  - We surveyed pediatric oncologists throughout the United States and families of
      children with acute lymphocytic leukemia diagnosed between 1977 and 1980 at
      Children's Hospital National Medical Center, Washington, DC, to determine what
      information is perceived by both parents and physicians as essential to convey
      during the initial presentation of a life-threatening diagnosis. Both groups
      considered the following topics critical for discussion at the initial
      conference: diagnosis and prognosis of disease, explanation of disease process,
      additional tests needed to confirm and/or supplement the diagnosis, immediate
      therapeutic plan, and the physician's availability. Additionally, both parents
      and physicians, with minor variations, agreed about the order in which
      information about the disease should be conveyed. Although acute lymphocytic
      leukemia was used as a model, this study suggests guidelines that could be
      utilized to train residents and guide physicians in crisis-counseling techniques
      in the presentation to parents of a diagnosis of life-threatening illness in
      their child.

PMID- 6587773
TI  - Localization of the beta-globin gene by chromosomal in situ hybridization.
AB  - A 3.7-kilobase (kb) genomic clone of the human beta-globin gene, including 1.5-kb
      upstream and approximately 0.5-kb downstream, was utilized in chromosomal in situ
      hybridization for precise mapping of the beta-globin locus on peripheral blood
      lymphocyte-derived metaphases from a normal male, and for further evaluation of a
      clonal t(7;11) (q22;p15) translocation on bone marrow-derived metaphases from a
      46-year-old male with erythroleukemia. Analyses of 205 midmetaphases from a
      normal male hybridized with the tritium-labeled beta-globin probe and stained
      with quinacrine mustard dihydrochloride revealed approximately 12% of spreads to
      have silver-grain deposition over the p15 band of chromosome 11. Of the 365
      silver grains observed to be located on or beside chromosomes, 25 (approximately
      7%) grains were localized in band p15. Karyotype analysis of a bone marrow
      specimen from the patient with erythroleukemia revealed hypodiploidy with various
      unidentified marker chromosomes as well as a presumably balanced translocation
      between 7q and 11p . Chromosomal in situ hybridization showed localization of
      silver grains at the junction between chromosomes 7 and 11 as well as to the
      normal chromosome 11, indicating that the beta-globin locus had not been
      translocated in the chromosomal rearrangement. This case demonstrates the value
      of chromosomal in situ hybridization in the definition of chromosome
      rearrangements and provides further evidence for the localization of the beta
      globin gene to 11p15 .

PMID- 6587774
TI  - Detection of major gene for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
AB  - The families of 250 consecutive, unselected patients with Tourette syndrome (TS)
      were analyzed. If the parents had either motor or vocal tics, but not both, there
      was an increased risk of both TS and tics in the offspring. The mode of
      inheritance of the combined tic-Tourette trait was evaluated in both nuclear
      families and extended pedigrees. Complex segregation analysis was carried out
      allowing for possible contributions from both a major autosomal locus and
      multifactorial inheritance of variation in the background of each genotype. The
      most likely mode of inheritance was a major semidominant gene, Ts, with low
      heritability of the multifactorial background variation. This was true regardless
      of assumptions about the prevalence of the disorder. The hypothesis of strict
      multifactorial inheritance could not be rejected with nuclear family data alone.
      However, the hypothesis of no major gene effect was rejected using data on 3
      generations for any estimate of lifetime risk less than 12 per 1,000 in the
      general population. A pure recessive major gene effect was also rejected. With a
      gene frequency of approximately .5%, the penetrance was estimated to be about 94%
      in abnormal Ts/Ts homozygotes, 50% in Ts/ts heterozygotes, and less than 0.3% in
      normal ts/ts homozygotes. More than two of every three cases are heterozygotes,
      and nearly all other cases are phenocopies or new mutations. This is the first
      demonstration by segregation analysis of a major gene in a human neuropsychiatric
      disorder with a frequency approaching 1% of the population.

PMID- 6587775
TI  - Complex segregation analysis of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: further evidence
      for a major locus mode of transmission.
AB  - A sample of 35 published pedigrees of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is studied
      using complex segregation analysis with pointers. Results indicate the presence
      of a rare, semidominant, incompletely penetrant allele leading to affection. This
      result is consistent with that previously reported by Comings et al. on a larger,
      independent sample.

PMID- 6587776
TI  - Role of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary
      aspergillosis in patients with acute leukemia.
AB  - The utility and safety of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of invasive
      pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with acute leukemia have not been examined.
      The results of 21 bronchoscopic procedures in 19 patients with invasive pulmonary
      aspergillosis and acute leukemia were reviewed. Analysis was confined to the 16
      patients who had histopathologically documented infection on biopsy or at
      autopsy. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy established or suggested the diagnosis of
      invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in eight of 16 (50 percent) patients.
      Transbronchial or bronchial biopsy added only one diagnosis to those obtained by
      bronchial washing and brushing. Although fiberoptic bronchoscopy was a safe and
      well-tolerated procedure in our patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
      and acute leukemia, its success rate was only 50 percent overall, and it appeared
      to be even less successful when performed early in the course of the disease.
      Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is a useful first procedure for the evaluation of
      patients with acute leukemia and possible invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, but a
      negative result does not exclude aspergillosis. Further diagnostic procedures,
      including repeated bronchoscopy, or institution of empiric antifungal therapy may
      be warranted if the clinical suspicion of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is
      high.

PMID- 6587777
TI  - Chromosome analysis in hematologic disorders. The leukemias.
AB  - For two decades, cytogenetic studies have been used to rule in (or out) the
      Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome associated with chronic myeloid leukemia. Beyond
      this single purpose, chromosome studies have generally not been utilized in or
      applied to the practice of hematology-oncology. This report presents male and
      female patients, teens to 70s in age, with representative hematologic disorders,
      in whom the cytogenetic findings were useful clinically. These cases illustrate
      the following principles: (1) hematologic disorders can be characterized by
      chromosome analysis; (2) chromosome findings help in the diagnosis, prognosis,
      and treatment of blood diseases; (3) blood and bone marrow samples can be
      processed routinely for cytogenetic analysis; (4) these samples can be
      transported long distances from clinic to laboratory; and (5) the contemporary
      practice of hematology and oncology requires chromosome analysis for fuller
      evaluation and understanding of hematologic conditions.

PMID- 6587778
TI  - Natural killer cell activity during pregnancy.
AB  - Natural killer cell activity was found to be depressed from the early period of
      pregnancy to the third trimester, as compared to that in the nonpregnant state.
      Natural killer cell activity in the puerperium tended to be depressed slightly
      more than during pregnancy. There were no differences in activity between toxemic
      and normal pregnant women in the same gestational week. A retrospective survey
      showed a negative correlation between natural killer cell activity during
      pregnancy and the birth weight of the baby. Although the role of natural killer
      cells during pregnancy needs to be more clearly elucidated, they may be involved
      in fetal growth.

PMID- 6587779
TI  - Aphakia: uveitis and extended wear contact lenses.

PMID- 6587780
TI  - The effects of space closure of the mandibular first molar area in adults.
AB  - There is little information regarding the orthodontic closure of remodeled,
      edentulous spaces in the posterior area of the mandible. The present study was
      undertaken to determine the dental and periodontal changes that occur when
      mandibular first molar areas are closed in adults. Fourteen adult patients were
      selected from private orthodontic practices. Pre- and posttreatment study models
      were used to measure the mesiodistal length of the edentulous space and the
      buccolingual width of the alveolar ridge. The amount of crown and root movement
      of the second molar and premolar was measured from lateral cephalometric
      radiographs. From pre- and posttreatment panoramic or periapical radiographs, the
      anatomic changes of the second molar and adjacent periodontium were also
      measured. Every case showed significant space closure (x = 6.2 mm) ranging from
      2.7 to 11.5 mm. There was crestal bone loss (x = 1.3 mm) mesial to the second
      molar in all but five cases. These latter cases showed bone addition. As the
      molar moved mesially , the alveolar ridge increased in width an average of 1.2
      mm. The adult patient who showed the greatest amount of space closure and the
      least amount of molar bone loss had (1) mesiodistal space of 6.0 mm, (2)
      buccolingual ridge width of 7.0 mm, and (3) mesial molar bone level 1.0 mm apical
      to the cementoenamel junction. The results of this study indicate that space
      closure is not only possible but may aid the treatment of certain cases. Space
      closure should be considered as a potential solution to the absence of mandibular
      first permanent molars.

PMID- 6587781
TI  - The multistrand retainer and splint.
AB  - A method is presented for the accurate application of the modified 3-3 retainer
      of multistrand wire described by Zachrisson . This lingual retainer or splint is
      noninvasive of dental tissue and is reversible. Wire breakage does not appear to
      occur, and the slightly elastic properties of the wire allow a physiologic
      mobility of the teeth, which is of advantage in the periodontal patient. The only
      breakage that may occur is of the composite bond, although this appears to be
      less than with bonded brackets, but repair is quick and simple. The present
      method is now offered to add simplicity, speed, and accuracy to the important
      advantages already enjoyed, widening the scope for employment of this type of
      retainer to as many as eight or ten teeth in a series and, perhaps more
      significantly, to the maxillary anterior teeth, even where a deep bite exists.
      The value of the method is also seen when an active orthodontic appliance is
      removed and retention or splinting is required within an hour or two, as for the
      patient who is concurrently undergoing periodontal treatment.

PMID- 6587782
TI  - Morphologic analysis of upper lip area following maxillary osteotomy via the
      tunneling approach.
AB  - Preservation of favorable upper lip morphology is a critical factor in assessing
      the success of maxillary osteotomy surgery. Unesthetic postsurgical lips often
      appear thin and tight, with the vermilion border shortened and rolled inward.
      Clinical observation of patients who had undergone total maxillary alveolar
      process osteotomies by means of vertical buccal incisions and a tunneling
      approach suggests that presurgical lip morphology is minimally changed. This
      study investigates the presence and degree of change in upper lip morphology
      following this technique. Pre- and postoperative cephalometric radiographs of ten
      patients were compared by superimposition of acetate tracings on cranial base
      landmarks. Cross-sectional lip area was calculated by compensating polar
      planimetry presurgically and at four intervals following intervention: 1 to 3
      days, 1 to 3.5 months, 6 to 9 months, and more than 10 months. Analysis showed
      the cross-sectional upper lip area, compared to the presurgical baseline, to be
      as follows: Immediately following surgery, the area increased by a mean of 27.8%
      (range, 15.0% to 36.9%; SE = 4.72). At 1 to 3.5 months postsurgery, the increase
      was reduced to 3.3% (range, 0 to 7.7%; SE = 0.82). At 6 to 9 months, lip area
      remained minimally increased, at + 0.78% (range, -5.0% to 7.6%; SE = 1.68). At 10
      months or longer, the mean increase from preoperative values was 0.61% (range, 
      6% to 6.4%; SE = 1.38). The results of this study indicate that the upper lip
      cross-sectional area returns to its presurgical value at 6 months following
      surgery and remains constant at subsequent measurements. The performance of
      maxillary surgery with this flap design appears to preserve presurgical lip
      morphology.

PMID- 6587783
TI  - Orthodontic force characteristics of open coil springs.
AB  - Applications of open coil springs in orthodontic tooth movement are many and
      varied. Current descriptions of force production by open coil springs are based
      upon force values produced in series of discrete compression tests. It was the
      purpose of this study to analyze and compare open-coil-spring force production
      from continuous load-deflection curves, thereby assisting the clinician in the
      selection of the ideal spring for a given application. Load-deflection curves
      were generated for open coil springs of various wire diameters and lumen sizes,
      as well as four wire alloys from three manufactures. Testing was performed on an
      Instron test machine using 0.016 inch round and 0.018 by 0.022 inch rectangular
      arch wires. With a constant lumen size, an increase in wire size produced an
      increase in force at a given activation. With a constant wire size, an increase
      in lumen size produced a decrease in force at a given activation. The effect of
      the arch wire size and shape was not significantly different for the coil springs
      with the smaller lumen sizes. For the larger lumen sizes, the springs used with
      the rectangular arch wire manifested a greater linear range than those used with
      the smaller arch wire. The difference between the load-deflection characteristics
      of the coil springs from different manufacturers was attributed to the difference
      in the pitch of the coils.

PMID- 6587784
TI  - Clinical application of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) upon orthodontic tooth movement.
AB  - Chemically produced prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) was administered in clinical cases of
      orthodontic tooth movement. In the first phase, lingual arch springs were applied
      on both sides of the maxilla to upper first premolars which were scheduled for
      extraction. One side received submucosal injections of PGE1 and the other
      received vehicle injections. The rate of tooth movement in the buccal direction
      approximately doubled on the side of several PGE1 injections as compared to the
      control side. In the second phase, the PGE1 injections were applied in canine
      retraction cases for up to 3 weeks in first-premolar-extraction cases. The rate
      of distal canine movement was almost double on the side receiving PGE1 injections
      as compared to the vehicle-injected side. In the third phase, the PGE1 injections
      were applied on routine canine retraction in first-premolar-extraction cases. The
      rate of distal canine movement was almost 1.6-fold on the side of PGE1 injections
      as compared to the vehicle-injected side. Throughout this study, no side effects
      were observed macroscopically in the gingiva and roentgenographically in the
      alveolar bone, except for a slight pain reaction consistent with orthodontic
      tooth movement.

PMID- 6587785
TI  - A quantitative comparison of collagen phagocytosis in periodontal ligament and
      transseptal ligament of the rat periodontium.
AB  - The phagocytosis of collagen within soft connective tissues can be used as an
      index of collagen turnover and remodeling. The objective of this study was to
      compare the levels of collagen phagocytosis in periodontal and transseptal
      ligaments in the rat in order to provide an indication of the relative collagen
      turnover activities within these two tissues. Periodontal and transseptal
      ligaments from two rats were examined by the techniques of electron microscope
      stereology. Parameters quantitated included cytoplasm (CC), extracellular
      collagen (ECC), and intracellular or phagocytosed collagen (ICC). The results
      indicated that the cells of the transseptal ligament have significantly more ICC
      than those of periodontal ligament. This suggests that the transseptal ligament
      in the rat may have a high rate of collagen turnover. There seems to be an
      increasing body of evidence, including the present results, that the transseptal
      ligament region of gingiva has a high level of collagen turnover. It seems
      likely, therefore, that, unless there are marked species differences in collagen
      turnover, slow remodeling of the transseptal ligament is not responsible for
      orthodontic relapse. Why relapse of rotated teeth can be reduced by surgical
      severing or removal of the transseptal tissue remains to be determined.

PMID- 6587786
TI  - Undiagnosed vomiting in an older woman: unsuspected bulimia.
AB  - Bulimia, believed to occur primarily in young women, is rarely suspected in older
      individuals. The authors report on a 56-year-old woman with rapid cycling bipolar
      disorder, whose unexplained vomiting proved attributable to bulimia.

PMID- 6587788
TI  - [A morphological study on dental caries invasion in the first molars. 1.
      Observation on extracted first molars].

PMID- 6587787
TI  - Lymphadenitis caused by Loa loa.
AB  - The World Health Organization's Collaborating Centre for the Histopathology of
      Filarial Diseases of Man contains specimens of lymph node from 13 patients
      infected by the filarial nematode Loa loa. Ten of these nodes have distinctive
      microscopic features characterized by distended sinuses that contain histiocytes
      and eosinophils and by atrophy of lymphoid follicles. Less striking features
      include fibrosis of capsule and trabeculae, dilated lymphatic vessels of capsule
      and medulla, and inflammatory cell infiltrates. We believe that these changes,
      although in themselves nonspecific, are characteristic of lymphadenitis caused by
      Loa loa. These 10 lymph nodes were removed from the inguinal region--one from
      each of 10 native Zairians . At the time of herniorrhaphy the nodes in eight
      patients were found to be enlarged and were removed for diagnosis. Seven of the
      10 patients were infected with Dipetalonema perstans as well as Loa loa, and one
      of these seven had three filarial infections--L. loa, D. perstans and D.
      streptocerca . Lymph nodes from other patients infected by other filariae that
      were available for study at the AFIP did not have these histopathologic features.

PMID- 6587789
TI  - [Foreign body in the hard palate caused by an embedded resin ophthalmologic tube:
      report of a case].

PMID- 6587790
TI  - [Glandular and plasma kallikrein activities in saliva from patients with
      periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6587791
TI  - [Occurrence and enzymatic activities of coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolated
      from the human oral cavity].

PMID- 6587792
TI  - [Fluid behavior of saliva in dental materials science].

PMID- 6587793
TI  - [Checklist for quality control of anesthesia equipment and intensive care
      respirators].

PMID- 6587794
TI  - Nitrous oxide analgesia workshop as an aid in the teaching of first year
      respiratory physiology.
AB  - For the past four years, the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the
      University of Florida College of Dentistry has participated in a respiratory
      physiology workshop, using nitrous oxide analgesia as a teaching aid. By using
      clinical faculty to teach an area both clinically relevant and with a strong
      basic science correlation, feelings of alienation from the clinical environment
      and the feeling that the basic medical sciences lack application in clinical
      practice can be addressed in a positive constructive manner.For the past four
      years, the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the University of
      Florida, College of Dentistry has participated in a respiratory physiology
      workshop, using nitrous oxide analgesia as a teaching aid. The main thrust of the
      workshop is the teaching of respiratory physiology. The advantages of using
      nitrous oxide analgesia is that in addition to learning about anesthesia, the
      students can participate in and actually feel the effects of gas exchange and get
      a more dynamic view of respiratory functions. In addition, by using clinical
      faculty to teach first year dental students an area both clinically relevant and
      with a strong basic science correlation, we expect students to relate to the
      basic sciences as an intergral part of their dental education.

PMID- 6587795
TI  - A comparison of intravenous and laryngotracheal lidocaine before endotracheal
      intubation.

PMID- 6587796
TI  - Dermal-nasal-ocular test for allergy to local anesthesia.

PMID- 6587797
TI  - Intraoral maxillary nerve block: an anatomical and clinical study.

PMID- 6587798
TI  - Effect of age on the digit blood flow response to sedative concentrations of
      nitrous oxide.
AB  - Twenty healthy male subjects [11 young, x = 25.4 +/- 0.8 (SEM) years old; 9
      elderly, x = 64.5 +/- 0.7 years] volunteered for a study designed to investigate
      the effect of age on several cardiovascular parameters to inhaled N(2)O-O(2). The
      protocol was designed to mimic the administration of N(2)O-O(2) for sedation in
      the dental office, although no dental treatment was performed. Clinical criteria
      were used to judge the appropriate sedative level for each subject; no attempt
      was made to establish doseresponse relationships. Digit blood flow was measured
      by strain-gauge plethysmography, and heart rate, arterial blood pressure,
      respiratory rate, and skin temperature were monitored and recorded. N(2)O and
      CO(2) levels were monitored in end-tidal gas samples by gas chromatography;
      machine gauge readings were calibrated against known gas mixtures by the same
      technique.Under the conditions of this experiment both healthy young and healthy
      elderly subjects experienced a marked (200-300%) increase in digit blood flow
      during N(2)O inhalation, compared to that during air and 100% O(2) inhalation.
      There was no significant difference in the degree of flow increase between young
      and elderly subjects. Also, there were no significant differences in the response
      of these healthy young and healthy elderly subjects to sedative concentrations of
      N(2)O with regard to heart rate, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate, skin
      temperature, or mean end-tidal CO(2) levels. The data indicate that N(2)O, in the
      concentrations routinely administered in the dental office for sedation, does not
      have a differential effect on the measured parameters in healthy elderly and
      healthy young males.

PMID- 6587800
TI  - Uterotonic effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha and oxytocin on the postpartum cow.
AB  - Uterine motility was measured in 6 mixed-breed beef cows 48 to 72 hours after
      parturition, using an intrauterine balloon technique. Baseline uterine motility
      was measured for 30 minutes after a stabilization period. After 25 mg of
      prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) was given IM, motility was recorded for 2 to
      4 hours. After PGF2 alpha injection, 200 IU of oxytocin was given IM and motility
      was recorded for 2 to 4 hours. Twenty-four hours later, oxytocin treatment was
      administered, and 2 to 4 hours later, PGF2 alpha was given. The tension-time
      index was calculated. When PGF2 alpha was given initially, it did not affect (P
      greater than 0.05) uterine motility. However, oxytocin after PGF2 alpha increased
      uterine motility an average of about 225% of that of base line 20 minutes after
      injection. When oxytocin was given before PGF2 alpha treatment, the average
      increment of uterine motility was 875% above base line 20 minutes after oxytocin
      injection. The injection of PGF2 alpha did not affect uterine motility
      significantly (P greater than 0.05), whether given before or after oxytocin
      treatment. There was a linear decrease in the uterotonic effect of oxytocin
      between 10 minutes and 2 hours. When oxytocin was injected first, the correlation
      coefficient for the time-response relationship was -0.98. When oxytocin was
      injected after PGF2 alpha, the correlation coefficient was -0.84. Seemingly, PGF2
      alpha should not be used as a uterotonic agent in the postpartum cow; however,
      oxytocin was an effective uterotonic agent.

PMID- 6587799
TI  - Effect of supplemental oxygen on transcutaneous PO2 of patients undergoing
      surgical removal of third molars.
AB  - Sixty patients undergoing third molar removal were used to evaluate the efficacy
      of supplemental oxygen administration when administered via nasal cannula or
      nasal mask. Arterial oxygen concentration was estimated by transcutaneous oxygen
      measurement. Both methods of oxygen administration resulted in increased levels
      of oxygen during surgery, with the nasal mask being more effective than the nasal
      cannula for raising oxygen levels. Intravenous premedication with the combination
      of diazepam and fentanyl resulted in less increase in oxygen levels. These
      findings suggest that oxygen supplementation during oral surgery with intravenous
      premedication is effective for maintaining adequate oxygenation.

PMID- 6587801
TI  - [Periosteal desmoid].
AB  - A case of periosteal desmoid is studied. Being of a rather often incidence in
      children it might be confused with others lesions located on distal femoral
      metaphysis and which sometimes form part of pathology typical of the developing
      skeleton as cortical defects and non osteogenic fibromas and the others which
      might be a question of malignant process. Periosteal desmoid is characterized by
      appearing as a radiolucent lesion with periosteal speculation of the dorsomedial
      cortical wall of the medial femoral condyle, on adductor insertion zone. Simple
      radiology study in these lesions must be emphasized, without necessity to use
      more cruel techniques.

PMID- 6587802
TI  - Treatment of cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis with prostaglandin E2.

PMID- 6587803
TI  - Surface phenomena in hemorheology: their theoretical, experimental and clinical
      aspects.

PMID- 6587804
TI  - Physical theory of some interface phenomena in hemorheology.
AB  - The following four subjects are discussed theoretically from a physical
      standpoint: (1) the effect of the wall of a capillary viscometer on the apparent
      viscosity of blood; (2) the effect of electric charge on capillary flow; (3) the
      electric aspect of platelet adhesion and aggregation; and (4) multiphase
      polymeric materials as antithrombogenic materials. Copley and Scott Blair found a
      remarkable decrease in the apparent viscosities of blood, plasma, and serum in a
      fibrin-coated glass tube as compared with those in a glass tube without fibrin
      coating. It is shown that the phenomenon cannot be explained by the existence of
      an electric double layer unless the zeta potential is positive. It is suggested
      that a reduction of the apparent viscosity of blood may be explained by a slight
      increase in the thickness of a plasma layer. It is shown that the existence of a
      slight gap between red cells and the capillary wall due to an electrostatic
      repulsion will remarkably lower the capillary flow resistance. An electric aspect
      of endothelial injury is discussed in relation to the adhesion of platelets to
      the injured endothelium. Platelet aggregation is discussed in accordance with the
      theory of Verwey and Overbeek , and a possible mechanism of thrombus formation
      due to a turbulent motion of blood is suggested. The significance of a multiphase
      polymeric material for an antithrombogenic surface is emphasized. It is suggested
      that sufficiently large conformational change of macromolecules will be favorable
      to antithrombogenicity of a polymeric material.

PMID- 6587805
TI  - Membrane proteins in monolayers, multilayers, and membranes.
AB  - The physical properties of proteins in "two dimensional" systems are generally
      different from those in macroscopic (bulk) systems. In this paper we review a
      number of recent studies of red cell membrane proteins in monolayers and in
      multilayers of varying thickness. We also consider the movement of proteins in
      regenerating nerve membranes. The information obtained from these studies sheds
      light on the transition from surface properties to bulk properties as well as on
      the differences between diffusion through a surface layer and diffusion within a
      layer. From these results it appears that the normal membrane thickness may
      represent an optimum, where there is a maximum in the strength of a layer, an
      independence of physical properties from variations in thickness, and a
      relatively low diffusion barrier.

PMID- 6587806
TI  - Theoretical models of rouleau formation and disaggregation.
AB  - The formation of rouleaux of red blood cells is considered as an interaction of
      the surface adhesive energy and the elastic strain energy of the red blood cell
      membrane. A dynamic energy equation is written which applies to both the process
      of aggregation and the disaggregation by external forces. Any equilibrium state
      may be regarded as minimization of the appropriate energy potentials. The theory
      is illustrated by the computation of the shapes of two cell rouleaux under
      different surface adhesive energies. Disaggregation is studied in a model in
      which the red blood cells are idealized as cylindrical forms. It is shown that
      during disaggregation the strain energy stored in the cell contributes to the
      work done in overcoming the adhesive energy.

PMID- 6587807
TI  - Surface charge of old, transformed, and experimentally deteriorated erythrocytes.

PMID- 6587808
TI  - Structure and function of erythrocyte membrane spectrin.

PMID- 6587809
TI  - Viscous flow of cytoplasm and red cell membrane: membrane recovery and tether
      contraction.
AB  - Several experiments have been designed to study the flow of membrane and measure
      its viscosity. In all cases, the viscous dissipation in the cytoplasm (i.e.,
      hemoglobin) is assumed to be negligible in comparison to that in the membrane
      although this has not been shown analytically. Therefore, we analyze here the
      viscous flow or "dissipation" in membrane and hemoglobin for two particular
      experiments. One involves the recovery within a pipet of an aspirated portion of
      a membrane following the release of the aspiration pressure; the other involves
      the contraction of a membrane cylinder (tether) following a step change in the
      axial force acting on the tether. For the pipet -recovery experiment, our results
      indicate that the viscosity of hemoglobin must be 100 times larger before its
      dissipation compares to that in the membrane. For the tether-contraction
      experiment, hemoglobin viscosity must be 1000 to 10,000 times larger before it is
      significant. A preliminary result from a tether-contraction experiment gives a
      characteristic response time (approximately 10 sec) and a viscosity
      (approximately 10(-3) dyn X sec/cm) consistent with the analytical result that
      hemoglobin dissipation is negligible.

PMID- 6587810
TI  - Yield stress in sedimented red blood cell layers.

PMID- 6587811
TI  - Surface chemical factors presaging bioadhesive events.

PMID- 6587812
TI  - Morphological study of early phases of platelet adhesion to foreign surfaces:
      effect of calcium.
AB  - The role of calcium in the interfacial reactions occurring during the early
      phases of blood contact with glass surfaces has been studied using a rheologic
      technique that permits enumeration of adherent platelets as well as
      ultrastructural visualization of the blood-glass interface by both transmission
      and scanning electron microscopy . In the presence of calcium, platelets adhere
      to the glass surface at a rapid rate. Within 4 minutes, most of the adherent
      platelets have lost their normal discoid shape and show pseudopod formation and
      cytoplasmic spreading. These platelets conform with the glass surface and show
      central apposition of platelet organelles similar to that seen in activated
      platelets. Fibrin strands and platelet aggregates are also seen. Chelation of
      calcium using sodium citrate or EDTA results in decreased platelet adhesion or
      retention to glass. Platelets that are adherent to glass in the presence of
      citrate and EDTA retain their discoid shape, although an occasional platelet may
      show pseudopod formation and centralization of organelles. Calcium appears to be
      an important factor governing the adhesion of platelets to glass and appears to
      exert this effect on the platelets themselves in their plasma milieu and not on
      the preceding adsorption of plasma proteins.

PMID- 6587813
TI  - Platelet and red cell involvement in mural thrombogenesis.

PMID- 6587814
TI  - Macromolecular charge and cellular surface charge in adhesion, ingestion, and
      blood vessel leakage.
AB  - To get reliable information about the role of charged groups of tissue components
      on the integrity of blood circulation, the staining and perfusion experiments of
      rat organs with cationic (cacodylate iron colloid) and anionic iron colloid
      (chondroitin iron colloid) particles were carried out. These cationic and anionic
      iron colloid particles are stable in a wide range of pH's. Dissociation curves of
      several tissue components at varied pH levels were observed for the analysis of
      the results obtained by histochemical observations and perfusion experiments. The
      results indicated that all the intra- and extracellular spaces of living tissues
      are surrounded by the ionized anionic groups. No ionized cationic groups were
      found except on the macrophage surface. The cationic iron colloid particles
      perfused into organs through vessels adhered to the endothelial cell surface
      inducing the swelling of the cells. The cationic particles invaded into
      surrounding tissues passing through the damaged endothelial layer, but plasma
      protein leakage did not occur being prevented by the newly formed fibrin
      fibrinogen lining. The anionic iron colloid particles introduced into vessels did
      not adhere to blood vessel walls but were taken by reticuloendothelial cells or
      macrophages. The importance of the ionized anionic groups of proteins on the
      endothelial cell surface and surrounding tissues for the integrity of blood
      vessel function was stressed.

PMID- 6587815
TI  - Vesicular transport of proteins by capillary endothelium.

PMID- 6587816
TI  - The blood interface at artificial surfaces within a left ventricular assist
      system.
AB  - A left ventricular assist system presents a very complex set of interfaces to the
      blood. The interactions of the various components, their junctions, and fluid
      dynamic effects have been discussed at a macroscopic, cellular and molecular
      level. Failure of any part of the system can seriously compromise LVAS function
      or host response whether due to gross thrombosis with occlusion, proliferative
      PNI formation, or thromboembolic events. It has been stated that: "When
      artificial hearts are designed properly, nearly any surface goes." Unfortunately,
      the blood interface within any circulatory support system, and indeed in much
      simpler systems, is a much more complex function than design, which includes the
      surface, materials and many other factors (Table 6).

PMID- 6587817
TI  - Platelets adhere where flow has left fibrinogen on glass.

PMID- 6587818
TI  - Thrombogenesis: effect of molecular motions, surface order, and hydrophobicity of
      the polymer interface.
AB  - The effect and interrelationship between primary and secondary molecular motions,
      morphological order/disorder, and associated water on thrombogenesis are
      elucidated using an amorphous hydrophobic polymer of poly[trifluoroethoxy) (
      fluoroalkoxy ) phosphazene ], a semicrystalline triblock copolymer of poly[(gamma
      benzyl-L-glutamate) (acrylonitrile/butadiene) (gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate)] and a
      surface cross-linked hydrophilic/hydrophobic(core)/hydrophilic triblock copolymer
      of poly[(hydroxy propyl glutamine) (gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate) (hydroxy propyl
      glutamine)]. The thrombogenic response of the polymers indicated that for a
      semicrystalline polymer an epitaxial model can be employed to correlate and
      interrelate the ultrastructure morphology, surface chemistry, surface molecular
      motions, degrees and types of associated bound water and surface/subsurface ion
      binding to thrombogenesis. Further for an amorphous polymer, of given side chain
      length and chemistry, the results indicate that there is an initial effect of
      molecular motions on thrombogenesis, independent of morphological order/disorder
      and/or associated water.

PMID- 6587819
TI  - Bilayer sensor model of erythrocyte shape control.
AB  - On the basis of recent studies a model of erythrocyte shape control is presented.
      This model is based on the assumption that the erythrocyte shape is normally
      determined by relative surface tensions of the two membrane bilayer surfaces. Our
      studies have indicated that the erythrocyte shape is preserved and can be
      restored upon perturbation by an active process. Consequently, it is proposed
      that in the "bilayer sensor" model the cells "sense" changes in the relative
      surface tensions, activating a process that balances the tensions so as to create
      a biconcave disc shape (reaching a new steady state which is observed as long as
      the perturbant is present). Experimental evidence has indicated that there is a
      mechanism to sense shape perturbations and two mechanisms to change shape through
      either crenation or cupping.

PMID- 6587820
TI  - Effect of anionic amphophiles on erythrocyte properties.
AB  - This preliminary study describes effects of two pharmacologic agents on
      erythrocyte behavior. Increased erythrocyte aggregation has been proposed as
      important in the pathogenesis of a number of disorders, but the exact mechanism
      by which it plays a role in disease production remains unclear. Several anionic
      amphophiles have been reported to benefit diabetic vascular disease and
      atherosclerosis. If anionic amphophiles enter the erythrocyte plasma membrane
      they can increase its negative charge, reducing the energy of attraction between
      red blood cells and diminishing erythrocyte aggregation. Erythrocytes were
      studied after suspension in phosphate-buffered saline containing dextran as an
      aggregation-promoting agent. A marginal reduction of the suspension's viscosity
      was found at low shear rate when 2,5- dihydroxybenzene sulfonate was added.
      Additionally, erythrocyte sedimentation rate was marginally influenced. Both
      dihydroxybenzene sulfonate and acetylsalicylate protected human erythrocytes from
      hemolysis at concentrations from 10(-3) to 10(-5) M. The removal of erythrocyte
      sialic acid using neuraminidase to reduce surface negative charge led to
      unequivocal interference with aggregation (MAI technique of CHIEN et al., J. Gen.
      Physiol., 1973) by both anionic amphophiles were studied. Dihydroxybenzene
      sulfonate and actylsalicylate reduced the aggregation propensity of sialic-free
      erythrocytes, suggesting that the effect on the low shear rate viscosity of
      sialic acid-containing erythrocytes, though modest, is real.

PMID- 6587822
TI  - Fluid dynamics as a factor in the localization of atherogenesis.

PMID- 6587821
TI  - Ex vivo and in vivo evaluation of drugs that inhibit platelet function.

PMID- 6587823
TI  - The role of membrane-bound macromolecules and macromolecules in solution in
      cell/cell encounters in flowing blood.

PMID- 6587824
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid polyamines in childhood leukemia.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polyamines were measured in children with acute
      lymphocytic leukemia or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in various stages of the disease
      ranging from complete remission to active central nervous system (CNS)
      involvement. Polyamines were analyzed by ion exchange chromatography with o-
      pthalaldehyde fluorimetric detection. Putrescine concentrations in random CSF
      samples obtained from leukemic patients with and without CNS involvement were not
      significantly different. Spermidine levels were generally higher in patients
      without CNS leukemia than in patients with the disease. In serial CSF specimens
      from an individual patient, spermidine levels correlated well with clinical
      status, being high in the active stages of the disease and low in remission.
      Thus, CSF polyamines appear to be of limited value as a screening test for early
      detection of CNS leukemia; however, they may offer an additional means of
      evaluating CNS leukemia and its response to therapy.

PMID- 6587825
TI  - [The pharmacodynamics of sedative premedication in pedodontic practice].

PMID- 6587826
TI  - [Comparative study of the incidence of dental caries in Costa Rican children,
      using clinical and radiographic methods].

PMID- 6587827
TI  - A distal screen for space maintenance of unerupted permanent first molars.

PMID- 6587828
TI  - Maturation of permanent teeth in Black and Latino children.

PMID- 6587829
TI  - School water fluoridation: a review.

PMID- 6587830
TI  - Absorption, distribution, metabolic fate, and elimination of pefloxacin mesylate
      in mice, rats, dogs, monkeys, and humans.
AB  - Pefloxacin mesylate is well absorbed by the oral route. The antimicrobial
      activity in dog, cynomolgus monkey, and human plasma was essentially due to
      unchanged drug which respectively accounted for 64, 94, and 84% of the total
      activity (ratios derived from relative area under the curve [AUC] values). Half
      lives ranged from 1.9 h in mice to 8.6 h in humans. Protein binding was weak,
      about 20% in plasma. Except in brain, concentrations in most of the organs and
      tissues tested in rats and dogs were higher than the plasma levels.
      Microbiological activity in urine was mainly due to pefloxacin and norfloxacin,
      the N-desmethyl metabolite. The norfloxacin/pefloxacin ratios were 0 in mice, ca.
      1 in rats and dogs, 1.6 in cynomolgus monkeys, and 2.3 in humans. The principal
      urinary compounds were unchanged drug in mice, pefloxacin glucuronide and
      pefloxacin N-oxide in rats and dogs, norfloxacin and pefloxacin in monkeys, and
      pefloxacin N-oxide and norfloxacin in humans. The urinary recovery of identified
      metabolites was 29.5% of the dose in mice, 37.8% in rats, 36.3% in dogs, 26.5% in
      monkeys, and 58.9% in humans. Biliary excretion occurred and was extensive in
      rats and dogs, mainly as a glucuronide conjugate of the drug. In rat and human
      bile, the main active compound was unchanged pefloxacin.

PMID- 6587831
TI  - Modification of carboxyl groups at the active site of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
      carboxylase/oxygenase.
AB  - Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from spinach was inactivated by a
      carboxyl-directed reagent, Woodward's reagent K ( WRK ). The inactivation
      followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The reaction order with respect to
      inactivation by WRK was 1.1, suggesting that inactivation was the consequence of
      modifying a single residue per active site. The substrate ribulose 1,5
      bisphosphate (RBP), two competitive inhibitors, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP)
      and sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphate (SBP), and a number of sugars-phosphate
      protected against inactivation by WRK . SBP was a strong protector, displaying a
      dissociation constant (Kd) of 3 microM with native RBP carboxylase. Pretreatment
      of RBP carboxylase with diethyl pyrocarbonate prevented WRK incorporation into
      the enzyme. The enol ester derivative produced by reaction of WRK with RBP
      carboxylase has a maximal absorbance at 346 nm, and the extinction coefficient
      was found to be 12300 +/- 700 M-1 cm-1. Spectrophotometric titration of the
      number of carboxyl groups modified by WRK in RBP carboxylase/oxygenase in the
      presence and in the absence of SBP suggests that inactivation was associated with
      the modification of one carboxyl group per active site.

PMID- 6587832
TI  - Progressive cutaneous herpes simplex infection in acute myeloblastic leukemia.
      Successful treatment with interferon and cytarabine.
AB  - A patient had acute myeloblastic leukemia and extensive progressive cutaneous
      herpes simplex virus infection. Complete and rapid healing of skin lesions with
      remission of the leukemia occurred during 15 days of therapy with human leukocyte
      interferon and minimal doses of cytarabine hydrochloride. Pharmacokinetic studies
      showed that the patient had a defective antiviral interferon response, which was
      effectively corrected by treatment with interferon alpha. This may help to
      explain the dramatic response of both conditions to therapy.

PMID- 6587834
TI  - Vascular responses of isolated canine intermediate auricular artery to vasoactive
      substances.
AB  - The stainless steel cannula inserting method was used to observe the effects of 7
      vasoactive substances in the isolated intermediate auricular artery of the dog.
      The isolated artery was suspended in a bath at 37 degrees C and perfused with
      Ringer-Locke solution under a constant flow rate. Drugs were administered in the
      endothelial side of the artery through a cannulated tubing, and the response was
      obtained as changes in perfusion pressure. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT),
      norepinephrine (NE), tyramine, ATP and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha)
      increased perfusion pressure in a dose-related manner. The order of potency for
      inducing vasoconstriction was 5-HT greater than NE = PGF2 alpha greater than
      tyramine greater than ATP greater than KCl. Histamine caused either slight
      biphasic responses or no change in perfusion pressure. The canine auricular
      artery would be a good in vitro model for studying pharmacological responses of
      cutaneous vessels.

PMID- 6587833
TI  - Bronchodilating activity of mequitazine.
AB  - The bronchodilating activity of mequitazine (MQ) (10-[3- quinuclidynilmethyl ]
      phenothiazine) has been investigated in the guinea-pig using various spasmogens
      such as acetylcholine, histamine and leukotriene-C4 (LTC4). Mequitazine showed a
      potent protecting activity versus bronchoconstriction induced by the above
      agonists and was also able to prevent their capacity to trigger activation of
      arachidonic acid metabolism and preferential formation of TXA2. The results
      obtained with the "in vivo" experiments correlate well with those obtained "in
      vitro" using guinea-pig perfused lungs, where LTC4 and histamine stimulate TXA2
      formation and release in the pulmonary effluent. MQ demonstrated its efficacy in
      protecting passively sensitized guinea-pigs from antigen challenge; this
      protection is accompanied by a substantial reduction of circulating TXA2. The
      bronchodilating and antiallergic activity of MQ is likely due to a direct control
      of histamine and muscarinic receptors and to a diminished bioamplification via
      eicosanoid activation. In addition, the capacity of MQ to counteract the "in
      vitro" and "in vivo" effects of LTC4 adds interest to its therapeutic potential.

PMID- 6587835
TI  - Chemical carcinogenesis. A soil fumigant, 1,3-dichloropropene, as possible cause
      of hematologic malignancies.
AB  - Findings from three case reports suggest a causal relationship between exposure
      to a soil fumigant , 1,3- dichloropropene , and hematologic malignancy. Its
      chemical relationship to other carcinogens is noted. The purpose of this report
      is to record this evidence and alert physicians that prior exposure to this
      chemical of patients initially observed with neoplasms should be noted in the
      medical history.

PMID- 6587836
TI  - Histological, macroscopic and microhardness observations of fluoride-induced
      changes in the enamel organ and enamel of sheep incisor teeth.
AB  - When aged 8.5 months, 10 sheep born in the same week were given 4 mg fluoride
      (F)/kg body weight orally for 26 days. Three sheep received no F. Sheep were
      killed at the end of the treatment period and later at selected stages of tooth
      development. The macroscopic changes in the enamel of one incisor were related to
      the cellular changes in the enamel organ of the contralateral tooth. A break in
      enamel continuity, hypoplasia, was seen on the labial enamel of 9 of the 10 F
      treated sheep. Pitting of the enamel was associated with shortening of some
      ameloblasts and aggregations of cysts affecting cells late in their secretory
      phase in the first-killed sheep. In sheep killed later, these changes were
      associated with cells which had progressed into their maturation phase. A more
      extensive absence of enamel with ledge formation cervically, seen in one sheep,
      was associated with displacement or death of almost all the cells in their
      secretory phase during F treatment and consequent retention of the organic
      matrix. The hypoplastic lesions resulted from secretory-cell reaction during the
      period of F dosing. Diffuse patchy opacities, characterized by an irregular
      hypomineralized surface zone, were only apparent in the enamel of the later
      killed sheep and were associated in one sheep with abnormal ameloblast regression
      in the contralateral tooth. These defects possibly resulted from the long
      continued release of F stored in the bones during the period of F dosing.

PMID- 6587837
TI  - Topical carcinogenesis by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in Syrian hamster cheek-pouch
      and oral mucosa.
AB  - Pouches of weanlings were painted 3 times a week for 4 weeks with 0.5 per cent
      NMU in acetone, using a technique designed to localize oncogenesis. Ventral
      lingual mucosa was painted at the same time. Premalignant, dysplastic lesions or
      carcinomas arose in pouches of 88 per cent of animals that survived from 8 to 54
      weeks, but the majority of these lesions were not localized to the painted area.
      Biliary hyperplasia, papillomas of the forestomach and abnormalities of the
      incisor teeth were found in a small number of animals. These changes suggested
      that systemic absorption of NMU had occurred. No lesions were induced beneath the
      tongue but occasional premalignant and malignant changes were found in other
      parts of the mouth.

PMID- 6587838
TI  - Human serum precipitins to oral bacteria related to dental caries.
AB  - Adults aged 20-38 years were classified by a positive (+) or negative (-)
      precipitating serum antibody response to D-alanyl glycerol teichoic acid (S), or
      an antigen from Actinomyces spp. (A). Culture filtrates of Streptococcus mutans
      and Actinomyces viscosus were used to detect the respective specific antibodies
      by immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion when present in serum at a
      concentration of more than 0.05 mg/ml. Among subjects who had grown up in
      fluoridated areas, A+ subjects exhibited significantly fewer decayed, missing and
      filled teeth or teeth surfaces compared to A- subjects (p less than 0.02). For
      the whole population examined, caries severity increased with age and decreased
      with length of residence in a fluoridated area (p less than 0.01). When
      classified by A and S antibody response, only S-subjects showed a significant
      increase in caries score with age (p less than 0.02) and only A+S+ subjects a
      significant decrease in score with length of exposure to fluoridated water (p
      less than 0.05). It is concluded that the severity of caries in relation to age
      and fluoride exposure may differ in subjects with the different antibody
      specificities.

PMID- 6587839
TI  - Cell kinetics of hamster ventral tongue epithelium in iron deficiency.
AB  - The cell-kinetic parameters of labelling index and duration of the S phase of the
      cell cycle (Ts) were investigated in the ventral tongue epithelium of hamsters
      with experimentally-induced iron deficiency. The labelling indices in animals
      with iron-deficiency anaemia and iron deficiency without anaemia did not differ
      from normal, but the Ts values were significantly shorter indicating an increased
      cell-production rate. The epithelial cell-kinetic parameters of iron-depleted
      animals did not differ from normal, but the labelling index was greater than in
      animals with the more severe stages of iron deficiency.

PMID- 6587840
TI  - High-resolution study by transmission electron microscopy of a microhypoplasia of
      the human enamel surface.
AB  - The lesion of microhypoplasia of an unerupted tooth was composed of small,
      irregularly distributed crystals, similar to those of immature and
      hypomineralized enamel. The lesion appeared to be a defect of crystal growth and
      maturation, probably involving a partial and momentary failure of the operating
      cycle of an ameloblast.

PMID- 6587841
TI  - Optimum mouthful for food comminution in human mastication.
AB  - The effect of varying the portion of food offered for chewing (termed the
      mouthful) on aspects of the oral comminution of salted peanuts was investigated
      on six human subjects. Particle-size distributions, assessed from a sieving
      analysis, were similar for different mouthfuls, and could be characterized by a
      sieve size that would pass 80 per cent of the particles by volume in a
      distribution. As the food weight was increased, (a) the rate of particle-size
      reduction of the food declined exponentially, (b) the rate of food surface area
      production increased, (c) the number of chews to swallow the food increased, (d)
      the number of chews per unit gram to swallow the food decreased, (e) the food
      particle sizes that were swallowed increased. It is hypothesized that the volume
      of food between the teeth at any chewing stroke depends more on food-particle
      size than on the weight of food in the mouth. The swallowing of small mouthfuls
      of peanuts may have depended more on the time to wet particles with saliva than
      particle size.

PMID- 6587842
TI  - Strontium concentrations in whole human saliva.
AB  - Whole unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 91 male, 14-yr-old school
      children in seven Wisconsin (U.S.A.) communities with varying strontium levels in
      their drinking water (0.22-33.6 mg/l). There was a mean concentration of 0.035
      mg/l (+/- 0.001 SEM) with a range of 0.02 to 2.93 mg/l of strontium. Saliva
      strontium concentrations were weakly associated with drinking-water
      concentrations. A negative relationship between saliva-strontium concentrations
      and caries prevalence was found. Strontium concentrations in saliva were related
      to time of ingestion of the element and levels of strontium as high as 15 mg/l
      occurred in saliva within 1 hr of ingesting 30 mg strontium as a single dose.

PMID- 6587843
TI  - Changes in rat parotid salivary proteins associated with liquid diet-induced
      gland atrophy and isoproterenol-induced gland enlargement.
AB  - The composition of secretory proteins in the parotid saliva of untreated rats,
      fed a stock pelleted diet (CON), was compared to that of rats maintained on a
      liquefied diet (LIQ), so as to reduce gland secretory activity, and to rats
      treated chronically with isoproterenol (ISO), so as to enhance activity. Each
      experimental treatment resulted in marked changes in protein composition. In CON
      rats, the basic and acidic proline-rich proteins accounted for 25 per cent of all
      secretory protein. In LIQ rats, the proportion was 13 per cent. Several basic
      proline-rich proteins were absent and the major acidic proline-rich protein was
      markedly reduced. Amylase was reduced whereas DNase and a leucine-rich protein
      (fraction I) were increased. The proportion of cystine-rich protein (fraction V)
      was not different from CON rats. The changes observed in the saliva of ISO rats
      were in marked contrast to these findings. Basic and acidic proline-rich proteins
      were increased and accounted for 90 per cent of all secretory protein, amylase
      was responsible for the remaining 10 per cent. Thus the composition of secretory
      proteins in the parotid saliva of rats can be altered by experimental conditions
      which affect gland secretory activity. The mechanisms by which these changes
      occur is not known.

PMID- 6587844
TI  - The effects of mutual interaction and host diet on the growth rates of the
      bacteria Actinomyces viscosus and Streptococcus mutans during colonization of
      tooth surfaces in di-associated gnotobiotic rats.
AB  - The bacteria were simultaneously inoculated into the mouths of germ-free rats.
      The maximum growth rates attained by Strep. mutans (doubling time td = 1.4 h) or
      A. viscosus (td = 2.7 h) were approximately the same as in mono-associated
      gnotobiotic rats [td = 1.1 and 2.8 h, respectively (Beckers and van der Hoeven,
      1982a)]. The presence of glucose or sucrose did not affect the maximum growth
      rates. In starved rats, the accumulation of microorganisms tended to decline
      sooner, suggesting that the growth was limited by the availability of nutrients.
      No interaction between the two organisms was detected at the stage of initial
      adherence to the tooth surfaces or during the first 24 h of growth. After that,
      the increase of A. viscosus was retarded in the presence of Strep. mutans T2, but
      not with Strep. mutans OMZ176. The retardation was more pronounced in the rats
      fed on glucose than on sucrose. Yet, at 24 days after inoculation. A. viscosus
      had increased in the glucose more than in the sucrose group. Hence sucrose did
      not stimulate the accumulation of Strep. mutans more than glucose.

PMID- 6587845
TI  - An electrophysiological study of the postnatal development of the autonomic
      innervation of the rat submandibular salivary gland.
AB  - The development of the functional relationship between the autonomic nerves that
      regulate secretion and the acini of the gland (SMG) was studied.
      Electrophysiologic studies indicated that stimulation of the parasympathetic
      nerves at birth caused the secretion of fluid from the duct system but did not
      cause protein secretion from the developing acini or terminal tubules.
      Stimulation of the sympathetic innervation (superior cervical ganglion) did not
      cause protein secretion from developing acini or terminal tubules until 5 days
      after birth. The amount of protein released progressively increased in response
      to electrical stimulation of the cervical ganglion as the animals aged. This
      increased secretory response was correlated with the appearance of increasing
      numbers of catecholamine-containing neurones in the gland parenchyma.

PMID- 6587846
TI  - Merkel cell-neurite complexes in the hard palate of the Wistar rat (Rattus
      norvegicus).
AB  - The complexes were found in the basal layer of the epithelium of the rugae of the
      ante- and intermolar area of the palate. Asymmetric membrane densities were
      observed between the Merkel cell and its neurite or the adjacent keratinocytes.
      The cytoplasm of the Merkel cell was characterized by an accumulation of membrane
      bound dense granules at the neurite side of the cell and by a well developed
      Golgi apparatus at its keratinocyte side.

PMID- 6587847
TI  - A method of schematic three-dimensional reconstruction for studying the gross
      morphology of epithelial residues in periodontal ligament.
AB  - A series of standardized black and white composite photomicrographs of serial
      sections at X 160 magnification were placed side by side to a straight reference
      line through the cementum margins. The distances of various parts of the
      epithelial rest system from the reference line were measured and from the
      measurements a bar graph was constructed which provided a 3-dimensional
      representation of the overall configuration of the marginally-sited rests and
      their relationship to the junctional epithelium. The epithelial residues formed a
      continuous network the coronal border of which was in intermittent direct
      continuity with the junctional epithelium. However, to what extent this was
      affected by the mild chronic inflammation present could not be assessed.

PMID- 6587848
TI  - Corneal ulcers associated with contact lens wear.
AB  - We reviewed the experience with ulcerative keratitis associated with contact lens
      wear at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, from Jan 1, 1978 through July 1, 1983.
      Of the 322 cases of ulcerative keratitis, 56 cases (17%) were associated with the
      use of contact lenses. Twenty-nine (52%) of the 56 cases of contact lens
      associated ulcers were culture positive. Pseudomonas was the most common isolate,
      occurring in 13 (23%) of the 56 cases. Staphylococcus species were the second
      most common, occurring in 11 (20%) of the 56 cases. In this series, contact lens
      associated ulcers were seen frequently in those wearing soft lenses (48/56 cases
      or 86%) and in those wearing aphakic lenses (32/56 cases or 57%). Contact lens
      use is an increasingly important risk factor for the development of corneal
      ulcers. Prompt, appropriate, and intensive treatment is necessary to prevent
      visual loss.

PMID- 6587849
TI  - High-field 1H NMR studies of prostaglandin H2 and its decomposition pathways.
AB  - Prostaglandin H2 displays at 500 MHz a detailed 1H-NMR in which all methylene
      groups are non-equivalent in C6D6 solution. The spectrum was assigned by analogy
      to isosteric structures. The dissymmetric perturbation and steric hindrance of
      the bicyclo [2.2.1] core caused by the side-chains provides a rationale for the
      selective fragmentations which PGH2 undergoes. Purified PGH2 is considerably more
      robust than previous literature accounts suggest. The following transformations
      were monitored by 1H-NMR: 1) O-O bond cleavage by Ph3P , 2) aqueous media
      fragmentation to PGE2 and PGD2, 3) base catalyzed fragmentation to ketoaldehydes
      , and 4) thermolysis attempts.

PMID- 6587850
TI  - In vivo metabolism of alpha,alpha,beta,beta-tetradeutero-N, N-dimethyltryptamine
      in rodent brain.
AB  - The metabolism of alpha,alpha,beta,beta- tetradeutero -N,N -dimethyltryptamine (
      D4DMT ) in rat brain in vivo as a function of time and dose was examined.
      Quantification of D4DMT and its respective deutero-metabolites was accomplished
      using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric/selected ion monitoring/isotope
      dilution techniques. The results of this study indicate that D4DMT is metabolized
      to the corresponding deutero-N-methyltryptamine, tryptamine, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro
      beta-carboline, and 2-methyl-1, 2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline in rat brain. The
      subcellular distribution of D4DMT and the aforementioned metabolites is also
      reported.

PMID- 6587851
TI  - The effect of urine pH on the reduction of urinary PGE2 excretion by
      indomethacin.
AB  - Urinary PGE2 excretion is influenced by urinary pH, being higher at high pH
      values. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg body wt, i.p.) was found to reduce urinary PGE2
      excretion to the same absolute value irrespective of the initial PGE2 output. It
      is concluded that measurements of 'percentage inhibition' of urinary PGE2
      excretion by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents must be interpreted with
      caution.

PMID- 6587853
TI  - General anaesthesia and sedation.

PMID- 6587852
TI  - DR antigens and gold toxicity in white rheumatoid arthritis patients.
AB  - An increase in the frequency of DR3 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients
      exhibiting toxic reactions to chrysotherapy has been reported in several studies
      of white patients. This study was designed to compare DR antigen frequencies in
      local white RA patients undergoing chrysotherapy with their response to
      treatment. The results from our sample of RA patients (n = 148) confirm the fact
      that there is increased frequency of DR3 in patients who develop toxic reactions
      to gold therapy, as reported in other studies of white patients. The DR3 increase
      was attributable to those gold-treated patients who developed proteinuria, and
      was not observed in patients who developed skin toxicity. Interestingly, the
      associations were not as strong as those found in other reports. Only 21.1% of
      the patients with DR3 manifested toxic reactions overall, with only one-third of
      the patients with proteinuria being DR3 positive. There was also an association
      of toxicity, albeit not significant, with a decreased frequency of DR2, which is
      consistent with the suggestion that this phenotype may protect against adverse
      reactions to gold treatment. These results suggest that while DR3 is
      significantly associated with adverse response to gold treatment, the
      relationship is not as strong as that previously reported. Explanation of these
      differences remains to be elucidated.

PMID- 6587854
TI  - Manpower cuts.

PMID- 6587855
TI  - Statistics: use and misuse.

PMID- 6587856
TI  - Carcinogenic risk of basic fuchsin.

PMID- 6587858
TI  - Drill and fill.

PMID- 6587857
TI  - Unerupted maxillary canines.

PMID- 6587859
TI  - Restrictive practices.

PMID- 6587860
TI  - Strathclyde fluoridation verdict.

PMID- 6587861
TI  - Social skills in dentistry.

PMID- 6587862
TI  - A critical assessment of oral lubricants in patients with xerostomia.

PMID- 6587863
TI  - Oral manifestations in Maffucci syndrome.

PMID- 6587864
TI  - Jaw involvement in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

PMID- 6587865
TI  - The role of fixed appliances in general dental practice.

PMID- 6587866
TI  - Philippine philately carries stamp of dental health.

PMID- 6587868
TI  - DHE in the classroom.

PMID- 6587867
TI  - Topical metronidazole in the treatment of "dry socket".

PMID- 6587869
TI  - Midazolam in dentistry.

PMID- 6587870
TI  - Manpower imbalance in oral surgery.

PMID- 6587871
TI  - Endodontics in practice.

PMID- 6587872
TI  - Evaluation of microfilled composite resins.

PMID- 6587874
TI  - Dental charges.

PMID- 6587873
TI  - Granulomatous cheilitis.

PMID- 6587875
TI  - CDS--praise where it is due.

PMID- 6587876
TI  - The role of personality in the management of complete denture patients.

PMID- 6587877
TI  - General Dental Service treatment received by frequent and infrequent dental
      attenders in Scotland.

PMID- 6587878
TI  - The problem that never was or: do not meet bridges half-way.

PMID- 6587880
TI  - Interactive live television in clinical dental teaching.

PMID- 6587879
TI  - An artefact produced by rotational tomographic radiography.

PMID- 6587881
TI  - Psychogenic facial pain.

PMID- 6587882
TI  - Antiplaque properties of toothpastes.

PMID- 6587883
TI  - Cavo-surface angles, amalgam margin angles and occlusal cavity preparations.

PMID- 6587884
TI  - Midazolam in dentistry.

PMID- 6587885
TI  - Public relations--whose responsibility?

PMID- 6587886
TI  - Sealants in the prevention of caries.

PMID- 6587887
TI  - What about the reluctant patients?

PMID- 6587888
TI  - Third molar surgery.

PMID- 6587889
TI  - Structure-property relationships of dental porcelains used in jacket crowns.

PMID- 6587890
TI  - Measurements of pressures developed in the syringe during dental infiltration
      anaesthesia.

PMID- 6587891
TI  - Dens evaginatus and its management.

PMID- 6587892
TI  - An allergic reaction to rubber dam.

PMID- 6587893
TI  - Computerised dental graphics. A report of an interactive dental graphics system.

PMID- 6587894
TI  - Weaning without sugar.

PMID- 6587895
TI  - DHE in the classroom.

PMID- 6587896
TI  - Toothpaste formulations.

PMID- 6587897
TI  - Vocational training.

PMID- 6587899
TI  - Cavo-surface angles, amalgam margin angles and occlusal cavity preparations.

PMID- 6587898
TI  - The temporomandibular joint: the dentist's dilemma. Part 1.

PMID- 6587900
TI  - The Wilfred Fish Lecture. The professions: red light or green?

PMID- 6587902
TI  - Growth inhibitory effects of interferon on blast cells from patients with acute
      myelogenous leukaemia.

PMID- 6587903
TI  - Low dose cytosine arabinoside: partial remission of acute myeloid leukaemia
      without evidence of differentiation induction.
AB  - Thirteen patients with acute myeloid leukaemia aged from 19 to 81 were treated
      with low dose cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C) in a dose of 10-15 mg/m2 twice daily
      subcutaneously. Three complete remissions were obtained. Partial responses were
      observed in a further two patients. To analyse the action of low dose ARA-C
      freshly isolated leukaemic cells and cells from the cloned promyelocytic
      leukaemia cell line (HL60) were cultured in vitro in the presence of cytosine
      arabinoside. Minimal evidence of differentiation induction was observed when
      compared with the cytotoxic effects of the drug. These results suggest that ARA-C
      does not exert its anti-leukaemic effects by halting proliferation through
      differentiation induction. Rather, it appeared that the capacity of this agent to
      kill cells in S-phase produced a progressive depletion of the cycling leukaemic
      cells. This resulted in a corresponding steady decline in the total leukaemic
      cell population.

PMID- 6587901
TI  - Childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia: sex difference in 6-mercaptopurine
      utilization.
AB  - Twelve boys and 10 girls on similar long term remission maintenance treatment for
      lymphoblastic leukaemia had 79 random assays of their red cell 6 thioguanine
      nucleotide ( 6TGN ) concentrations performed as an index of cytotoxic activity
      generated by oral 6-mercaptopurine ( 6MP ). Correlation between the dose of 6MP
      and 6TGN was statistically significant in the girls (r = 0.58, P less than 0.001)
      but not in the boys (r = 0.15). Additionally, as a group the boys tolerated more
      6MP (P less than 0.05), despite similar prescribing criteria, but this did not
      result in a higher mean 6TGN concentration or increased myelotoxicity. It appears
      that girls develop 6MP cytotoxicity at lower doses and more predictably than
      boys. If so, this may be relevant to the as yet unexplained but marked sex
      difference in prognosis apparent in some studies.

PMID- 6587905
TI  - Neonatal death associated with induction of labour with intravaginal
      prostaglandin E2. Case report.

PMID- 6587904
TI  - Twenty-five year survival of chronic granulocytic leukaemia with spontaneous
      karyotype conversion.
AB  - Following busulphan-induced bone marrow hypoplasia a woman with chronic
      granulocytic leukaemia has survived 25 years from diagnosis. Since the last
      course of busulphan therapy in 1959 she has remained in clinical and
      haematological remission. Repeated cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow showed
      Philadelphia chromosome mosaicism with a minority of abnormal metaphases till
      1969. Analysis of 150 metaphases in 1982 revealed no cells containing the
      Philadelphia chromosome. The possible significance of this spontaneous karyotype
      conversion is discussed.

PMID- 6587906
TI  - Angular distortion in the orthopantomogram.
AB  - The orthopantomogram is in popular use in orthodontic diagnosis and monitoring
      treatment progress. Being a laminographic-type radiograph, its image suffers from
      a variable degree of linear distortion and this has limited its use as a research
      tool. A wire-mesh frame shaped to represent the curvature of the dentition in the
      jaws, with lead shots representing the long axes of the teeth as well as certain
      skeletal landmarks, was used to investigate the accuracy of projection of its
      structures on to the X-ray film of the orthopantomograph. Angular parameters were
      used to identify and assess both the magnitude and distribution of angular
      distortion of the radiographic image. The canine--premolar region of both arches
      expressed the greatest amount of angular distortion and variability. The third
      molar regions, together with the landmarks projected at a lower level on the
      radiograph, were the least variable. The applications and implications of the
      findings are discussed.

PMID- 6587907
TI  - Method of presurgical orthopaedics.

PMID- 6587908
TI  - A cephalometric and electromyographic investigation of patients treated for the
      correction of mandibular prognathism by mandibular surgery only.

PMID- 6587909
TI  - A study of mandibular shape.
AB  - The technique of medial axis transformation of the outline form was used for the
      specific analysis of mandibular shape. When used to compare mandibular shape
      derived from lateral cephalographs between three equal samples of 30 female
      patients aged 12-15 years, marked overall similarity was noted between patients
      with Classes I, II and III occlusions. There were however subtle contrasts
      including the degree of coronoid and condylar separation and orientation of the
      ramus relative to the corpus. Such constancy of mandibular form derived from this
      technique of investigation was marked contrast to the data of traditional
      cephalometric studies which combine both size and shape parameters together. This
      study therefore demonstrated that shape appears less variable than size.

PMID- 6587910
TI  - Some observations on spacing in the normal deciduous dentition of 100 Indian
      children from Gujarat.
AB  - Plaster casts of 50 boys and 50 girls aged 3-6 years, from Gujarat, India, were
      studied to observe the pattern of spacing in the normal deciduous dental arches.
      Spaced type of dental arches were more common than closed type or 'no spaces'
      type. Spacing/no spacing appeared to behave independently between upper and lower
      arches and between the sexes. The amount of spacing was greater in males than in
      females. Bilateral anthropoid spaces did not exist as a single phenomenon. They
      occurred when some other spaces were also present. Anthropoid spaces were more in
      the upper arch than in the lower and more in males than in females. If anthropoid
      spaces occurred in the upper arch, they were frequently missing from the lower
      arch; this was observed more in females than males. Spacing on the left side was
      more than the right side. Spacing between the mandibular incisors was the
      greatest of all.

PMID- 6587911
TI  - Reproducibility of an index for recording the alignment of individual teeth.
AB  - In order that relationships between dental irregularities and the caries and
      periodontal status of individual teeth can be examined, the STRAIT index
      (standardized technique for recording the alignment of individual teeth) was
      developed. Tooth position scores representing vertical relationship, rotation,
      mesio-distal inclination, displacement and radial relationship are recorded using
      three- or five-category scales. Contact point scores representing bucco-lingual
      and mesio-distal relationships are measured directly. These characteristics are
      recorded for each tooth in the dentition, together with overjet and overbite
      measures for maxillary incisors and canines. Repeat measurement of 50 sets of
      models was undertaken by two examiners in order to assess intra-and
      interreproducibility of the index. A formula for adjusted agreement was employed
      for analysis of the categorized variables, and reproducibility was typically 80
      per cent or better. Analysis of the reproducibility of the continuous variables
      was based on calculation of root mean square values of the difference between
      data sets and t-tests. In the main, intra- and interreproducibility was within
      0.5 mm. These levels of accuracy meet the requirements of the index and it has
      since been used in an investigation of 1000 subjects.

PMID- 6587912
TI  - A study of the mandibular closure path in Angle Class III relationship.
AB  - A cephalometric study has been made of patients with Angle Class III incisor
      relationships to discover the extent of any forward displacement of the mandible
      occurring during closure from the point of initial incisor contact to one in
      which the posterior teeth occlude. The significance of the findings to the
      assessment of skeletal pattern is discussed.

PMID- 6587913
TI  - Controlled space closure with the edgewise appliance.
AB  - This paper deals with the problem of the controlled closure of excess space in
      either one or both arches after labial segment alignment or overjet reduction has
      been achieved. The situations that give rise to the problem are listed. The
      importance of the need for controlled tooth movement, in order to maintain the
      antero-posterior labial segment position during space closure, is discussed. A
      detailed account, with illustrations, of the mechanics involved when using an
      edgewise system is presented.

PMID- 6587914
TI  - Uterotropic action of indomethacin on the rat uterus.
AB  - Administration of indomethacin (10 mg/kg body weight, twice daily for 6 days)
      resulted in a significant (P less than 0.01) increase in the weight, and cross
      sectional area of uteri of ovariectomized rats, whereas no such effects were
      observed following indomethacin administration to normal cycling rats.
      Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) content (ng/uterus) and concentration (ng/g
      wet weight) in the uterus of indomethacin-treated animals were reduced 40.4% and
      60.8%. Simultaneous administration of either estradiol-17 beta (E2), progesterone
      testosterone with indomethacin to ovariectomized rats failed to reduce the
      uterine weight increase. On the contrary, concomitant administration of E2 (25 or
      100 ng/day) and indomethacin resulted in uterine weight increases which were
      greater than those associated with indomethacin alone. Uterine E2 content was
      significantly higher in animals treated with indomethacin plus E2 as compared to
      those given estradiol alone. Uterine uptake of 2,4,6,7-[3H]E2 following i.v.
      administration was greater in animals pretreated with indomethacin (5 mg/kg,
      twice daily) for 3 days than in ovariectomized controls. These results suggest
      that prostaglandins may be involved in the regulation of uterine growth.

PMID- 6587915
TI  - Concentrations of prostaglandins E2, F2 alpha and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha
      in the utero-ovarian venous plasma of nonpregnant and early pregnant ewes.
AB  - The effect of pregnancy on concentrations of prostaglandins E2, F2 alpha and 6
      keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha) in utero
      ovarian venous plasma was examined in ewes on Days 10 through 14 after estrus, an
      interval which includes the critical period for maternal recognition of
      pregnancy. The utero-ovarian vein ipsilateral to a corpus luteum was catheterized
      on Day 9 or 10 in 6 pregnant and 8 nonpregnant ewes. Five blood samples were
      collected at 30-min intervals for 2 h beginning at 0500 and 1700 h daily.
      Sampling began at 0500 h on the day after catheterization. The mean and variance
      within each 2-h collection period were calculated for each ewe. The natural
      logarithm of the variance in each collection period (ln variance) was used as an
      estimate of the fluctuations in secretory activity by the endometrial-conceptus
      complex. Patterns of the mean concentrations of PGE2 were different between
      pregnant and nonpregnant ewes (P less than 0.01); PGE2 being higher in the
      pregnant ewes beginning on Day 13. There was a trend for the patterns of ln
      variance in PGE2 to differ (P less than 0.1) with pregnancy status over the
      entire period; ln variance was greater in pregnant ewes beginning on Day 13. The
      patterns of the mean concentrations and ln variances for PGF2 alpha and 6-keto
      PGF1 alpha did not differ between pregnant and nonpregnant ewes. There were
      significant increases in both of these prostaglandins over time, independent of
      pregnancy status (P less than 0.01). The association of higher concentrations of
      PGE2 in utero-ovarian venous plasma with early pregnancy is consistent with the
      hypothesis that PGE2, originating from the uterus and/or conceptus, is one factor
      involved in maintenance of the corpus luteum of pregnancy.

PMID- 6587916
TI  - Hydrogels for controlled drug delivery.
AB  - Physical properties such as number average molecular weight Mn, specific hydrates
      and changing diffusion coefficient of crystalline/rubbery hydrogels based on
      poly(ethylene glycol) Mn 3 000-8 000 which affect the diffusion of drugs through
      the water swollen matrix and across the polymer boundary are discussed. The
      advantage of starting with a dry, drug-impregnated polymer to obtain the
      desirable zero order release rate while the hydrogel absorbs water is
      illustrated. Drugs have been classified into five groups showing different
      release profiles. The effects of design and loading on the release profile, are
      described including the first clinical results of morphine loaded hydrogel
      suppositories.

PMID- 6587917
TI  - Relationships among Ara-CTP pools, formation of (Ara-C)DNA, and cytotoxicity of
      human leukemic cells.
AB  - Cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) is the most effective agent in the treatment of
      acute myelogenous leukemia. This agent incorporates in leukemic cell DNA, and the
      extent of this incorporation correlates with loss of clonogenic survival. The
      incorporated Ara-C residue behaves as a relative DNA chain terminator, and the
      extent of (Ara-C)DNA formation correlates with inhibition of DNA synthesis. The
      incorporation of Ara-C into DNA requires the formation of Ara-CTP, and previous
      measurements of this metabolite have also been correlated with cytotoxicity.
      Because it is clinically relevant to define biochemical parameters predictive of
      Ara-C cytotoxicity, the present studies were undertaken to determine the
      relationship among Ara-CTP pools, formation of (Ara-C)DNA, and loss of clonogenic
      survival. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of Ara-C into DNA is the
      single most powerful predictor of cell lethality. Furthermore, although there is
      a correlation between Ara-CTP pools or continuous cellular exposure to Ara-CTP
      and cell kill, these relationships are less significant than that obtained with
      formation of (Ara-C)DNA. The extent of Ara-C incorporation into DNA can be
      predicted by the product of the Ara-CTP level and time (T), thus supporting the
      concept that Ara-C incorporation is dependent on continuous exposure to the
      triphosphate metabolite. These findings support the formation of (Ara-C)DNA as a
      highly predictive parameter of lethal cellular events.

PMID- 6587919
TI  - [Aging phenomena of the maxillomandibular structures. Preliminary study].

PMID- 6587918
TI  - Induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in mouse Friend virus
      transformed erythroleukemia cells during erythroid differentiation.
AB  - The activity of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) dehydratase, an enzyme involved
      in heme biosynthesis, has been shown to increase in Friend virus-transformed
      murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells during erythroid differentiation. In this
      study, the nature of the increase in ALA dehydratase activity in MEL cells was
      examined using a monospecific antibody directed to the enzyme. A sevenfold
      increase in ALA dehydratase activity was observed after cells had been treated
      with 1.5% Me2SO for 5 days. Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion analysis showed
      that lysates from untreated and Me2SO-treated MEL cells formed a single
      precipitin line with rabbit IgG directed to the normal mouse liver ALA
      dehydratase. A single arc of identity was also observed with the lysates from
      normal mouse erythrocytes, spleen, liver, and lysates from both uninduced and
      induced MEL cells. Rocket immunoelectrophoresis demonstrated that lysates from
      both uninduced and induced cells formed rockets with the IgG and that the peak
      height of the rocket was proportional to the ALA dehydratase activity applied.
      The slope of linear plots of rocket peak heights v ALA dehydratase activity was
      identical for lysates from uninduced and Me2SO-induced cells. Succinylacetone, a
      potent inhibitor of ALA dehydratase, was shown to markedly inhibit the activity
      of the enzyme, but did not interfere with the synthesis of ALA dehydratase
      induced by Me2SO treatment. Me2SO-induced increases in ALA dehydratase activity
      and the enzyme protein were both blocked by the simultaneous treatment of cells
      with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). BrdU-mediated repression of ALA dehydratase
      was partially overcome by treating the cells with thymidine. These data
      demonstrate that increased ALA dehydratase activity in MEL cells undergoing
      erythroid differentiation after Me2SO treatment is due to de novo synthesis of
      the same enzyme protein present in uninduced MEL cells as well as in normal
      erythrocytes. This represents the first direct demonstration of an increase in a
      heme biosynthetic pathway enzyme protein in erythroid cells undergoing
      differentiation.

PMID- 6587920
TI  - [The lateral pharyngeal nerves].

PMID- 6587921
TI  - [Effect of the cranial radius on the vertical occlusion dimension].

PMID- 6587922
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic study of root resorption of the deciduous molars:
      preliminary results].

PMID- 6587923
TI  - A still controversial subject: the real tridimensional shape of the lateral
      (para)-pharyngeal space. The spread of dental infections.

PMID- 6587924
TI  - Changes in cardiovascular epidemiology since 1950.

PMID- 6587925
TI  - A view of academic medical centers.

PMID- 6587926
TI  - New drugs, more complications--old drugs, new complications: drug-related
      sequelae of neonatal intensive care.

PMID- 6587927
TI  - Effect of bumetanide, frusemide and prostaglandin E2 on the isolated perfused
      kidney of rat and rabbit.
AB  - Rat and rabbit kidneys were isolated, perfused via the renal artery with Krebs
      solution and perfusion pressure monitored. Dose-response curves to noradrenaline
      administered as bolus doses or frequency-response curves from transmural arterial
      electrical stimulation were obtained. A 1 h continuous infusion of bumetanide
      (0.1 micrograms ml-1) increased the sensitivity of rat kidney vessels to
      noradrenaline, an effect also seen when bumetanide and flurbiprofen (6 micrograms
      ml-1) were simultaneously perfused. In the rabbit there was a decreased
      sensitivity to both electrical stimulation and noradrenaline. A 1 h continuous
      infusion of frusemide (6 micrograms ml-1) only altered the effects of electrical
      stimulation. An increased sensitivity in the rat (abolished by flurbiprofen) and
      a decreased sensitivity in the rabbit kidney was observed. A 1 h continuous
      infusion of prostaglandin (PG)E2 (2 ng ml-1) increased the sensitivity of rat
      kidney to both types of stimuli but caused a reduction in the responsiveness of
      the rabbit kidney to electrical stimuli only. Addition of flurbiprofen only
      slightly modified these results. The results emphasize and confirm the
      fundamental difference in reactivity of the rat and rabbit kidney. Bumetanide and
      frusemide, two ostensibly similar loop diuretics, show significantly different
      effects on these preparations suggesting that any modification by non-steroidal
      anti-inflammatory drugs cannot wholly be explained by similar PGE2 induced
      haemodynamic changes.

PMID- 6587928
TI  - Regional differences in the response to vasoconstrictor agents of dog and monkey
      isolated coronary arteries.
AB  - Contractile responses to vasoconstrictor agents were compared in helical strips
      of dog and monkey epicardial coronary arteries of different sizes. Contractions
      of large, medium and small arteries induced by KCl ( 30mM ) were virtually
      identical. Contractions induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (10(-9) - 2 X 10(
      6) M) were in the order of large greater than medium greater than small arteries
      in dogs, and large = medium greater than small arteries in monkeys. Cinanserin
      suppressed these responses. In contrast, contractions produced by angiotensin II
      (AII) (10(-7) M) were in the order of small greater than medium greater than
      large arteries in dogs, and small greater than medium = large arteries in
      monkeys. Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II markedly attenuated the peptide-induced
      contractions. Contractions induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) were
      significantly greater in large and medium sized arteries than in small arteries
      in dogs, while those of the arteries of different sizes isolated from monkeys did
      not differ. Contractions induced by carbocyclic thromboxane A2 (c-TXA2), in
      arteries of different sizes in dogs and monkeys, did not differ. These results
      suggest that the sensitivity and/or the population of 5-HT receptors are greater
      in proximal coronary arteries than in distal arteries, while, in contrast, the
      sensitivity and/or population of AII receptors are greater in distal coronary
      arteries. Receptors for PGF2 alpha and c-TXA2 appear to react to a similar degree
      in monkey arteries of different sizes, although receptors for PGF2 alpha appear
      to be fewer in distal coronary arteries in dogs.

PMID- 6587929
TI  - Vascular effects of ginsenosides in vitro.
AB  - Ginsenosides (saponins extracted from Panax ginseng) elicit qualitatively and
      quantitatively different responses in isolated, contracted ring preparations of
      different blood vessels from rabbits, dogs and humans. Ginsenosides themselves
      did not affect the tone of 'resting' isolated blood vessels directly, but
      contracted slightly the renal vein of rabbits at the maximum concentration
      tested. The mixture caused relaxation of the noradrenaline (NA) or prostaglandin
      F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha)-induced contraction of the pulmonary artery and
      intrapulmonary artery of rabbits, and the PGF 2 alpha-induced contraction of the
      canine mesenteric vein. Ginsenosides potentiated, in a concentration-dependent
      manner, the contractile responses of renal veins of dogs and rabbits to PGF2
      alpha The reason for such heterogeneous responses of different blood vessels to
      ginsenosides in unknown. It is suggested that either potentiation of contraction
      or relaxation of contracted blood vessels might be mediated by interaction with
      endogenous vasoactive substances. The potentiation of PGF2 alpha-induced
      contraction may be related to the reduction of renal blood flow observed in
      anaesthetized dogs. The simultaneous contraction and relaxation effects may
      explain its biphasic actions on blood pressure.

PMID- 6587930
TI  - Tourette's syndrome: update.
AB  - Tourette's syndrome is a widely misunderstood chronic disorder that develops in
      childhood and is usually lifelong. It is characterized by waxing and waning of
      involuntary motor and phonic tics. The features and differential diagnosis are
      discussed in this paper. The estimated prevalence rate of Tourette's syndrome,
      0.05%, implies that this disorder is not rare. The reasons for diagnostic
      confusion are outlined, and the genetic and neurotransmitter features discussed.
      The management of Tourette's syndrome has become more effective with the
      availability of at least two psychoactive drugs, haloperidol and pimozide.
      Although the cause of this syndrome is thought to be organic, these drugs and
      their adverse effects are best known to psychiatrists. Psychiatric and
      multidisciplinary intervention is often necessary because of the frequent
      association of psychosocial problems, cognitive and learning difficulties, and
      aggravation of the symptoms by stress. The understanding of Tourette's syndrome
      will probably increase significantly with the advent of the newer imaging
      techniques and the rapid progress of research in the neurosciences.

PMID- 6587931
TI  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia supervening in a case of chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia after continuous 3-year treatment with chlorambucil.
AB  - A case is presented of a patient with classical chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL)
      treated with continuous chlorambucil for 3 years who presented with a picture of
      acute leukemia. The peripheral blood still showed a prevalence of mature
      lymphocytes with a few blast cells, whereas the bone marrow showed a predominant
      population of blast cells possessing a null acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      phenotype. Karyotype analysis showed a prevalent hyperdiploid clone of 67 to 68
      chromosomes with endoreduplication and marker chromosomes. The coexistence of a
      CLL-type population with the blastic, undifferentiated cell clone suggests a
      second malignancy superimposed on the previous leukemic process, and possibly
      brought about by the continuous chlorambucil treatment.

PMID- 6587932
TI  - Complete remission in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia treated with
      leukocyte alpha-interferon and cimetidine.
AB  - A 76-year-old woman with acute myelogenous leukemia with approximately 65%
      myeloblasts on bone marrow examination was treated daily with a combination of 4
      megaU of leukocyte interferon IM and 1,000 mg cimetidine PO. During therapy there
      was a gradual decrease of bone marrow myeloblasts down to 9% and a normalization
      of peripheral white blood cells. The treatment was discontinued after 6 weeks
      because of increasing fatigue and anorexia. The general condition improved
      greatly during the following weeks and the patient entered complete remission,
      which has continued for 6 months so far. In the course of therapy there was a
      gradual appearance of antibodies showing a selective binding capacity to
      autochthonous leukemic cells with no tendency to increased binding to remission
      cells. The aim of this report is to stimulate a further evaluation of this form
      of therapy in additional AML patients whenever this might be justified as an
      alternative to conventional chemotherapy.

PMID- 6587933
TI  - Phase I-II study of aclarubicin for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.
AB  - Aclarubicin (ACM) was administered as induction treatment to 40 patients with
      acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who were either refractory to initial induction
      chemotherapy or in relapse. Thirty-eight patients with AML, 2-80 years of age
      (mean +/- SE, 35.0 +/- 3.2), were evaluated during this study. Seventeen of these
      patients were given ACM after an unsuccessful attempt had been made to attain a
      complete remission (CR) with various regimens that included doxorubicin or
      daunorubicin; this group was considered resistant to these drugs. ACM was
      administered by rapid iv injection. Thirteen patients received a single course of
      ACM at a daily dose of 10-30 mg/m2 until a maximum total dose of 300 mg/m2 was
      reached or until unacceptable toxicity appeared. Of these patients, two (15%)
      attained a CR. The other 25 patients were given 10-day courses of ACM at a daily
      dose of 15 mg/m2 with 10-day intervals between courses; courses were repeated
      until the blast cells were cleared from peripheral blood and bone marrow or until
      progressive disease became evident. With this regimen, 11 patients (44%) attained
      a CR. The overall CR rate for the 38 patients was 34%. Total doses necessary to
      achieve a CR ranged from 150 to 600 mg/m2. A CR was attained by six patients who
      were previously resistant to a regimen containing moderate doses of doxorubicin.
      The incidence and severity of the toxic effects were related to the dose of ACM
      administered per course of therapy. The incidence of mucositis, diarrhea,
      vomiting, and infection in patients who received doses greater than 150
      mg/m2/course was significantly higher than that observed in patients who received
      a dose of 150 mg/m2/course. In the latter patients, toxicity was within
      acceptable limits. Alopecia was not observed. Three patients had transient T-wave
      inversion, and reversible atrial flutter developed in one patient. Our results
      indicate that ACM is a major new drug for the treatment of AML.

PMID- 6587934
TI  - Acute myelogenous leukemia following radiation therapy and chemotherapy for
      osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - Patients receiving ionizing radiation therapy or cytotoxic chemotherapy are at
      increased risk of developing acute myelogenous leukemia. Ten cases of therapy
      linked myelogenous leukemia have been reported in patients with sarcoma, and we
      report here the first case in a patient who received combined-modality therapy
      for treatment of an osteogenic sarcoma. As treatment for this disease becomes
      more intensive and survival improves, the incidence of leukemia following therapy
      for osteogenic sarcoma may increase.

PMID- 6587936
TI  - [Myofunctional therapy].

PMID- 6587935
TI  - Enhancement of human natural killer cell activity by subcellular components of
      Toxoplasma gondii.
AB  - The ability of sonicates and subcellular fractions of the intracellular parasite
      Toxoplasma gondii to enhance in vitro human natural killer (NK) cell activity was
      examined. Incubation of nylon-wool-non-adherent human peripheral blood
      lymphocytes (PBL) with sonicates of T. gondii for 18-72 hr resulted in increased
      NK activity against an NK-sensitive, as well as an insensitive, target cell.
      Single-cell assays revealed that augmentation of NK activity was not due to an
      increased binding of K562 target cells to effector cells. Differential
      centrifugation studies indicated that NK-augmenting activity was distributed in
      membrane-enriched and cytoplasmic fractions. This activity was found to be
      resistant to treatment with ribonuclease (RNase) and deoxyribonuclease (DNase),
      but susceptible to proteolysis. Antibodies present in the serum of humans
      infected with Toxoplasma blocked the NK cell-augmenting effect of the membrane
      enriched fractions. Enhancement of NK activity by PBL incubated with Toxoplasma
      sonicate was accompanied by a concomitant increase in interferon (IFN), but not
      of interleukin 2 (IL-2), levels in supernatants of the cell cultures.

PMID- 6587937
TI  - [Tetracycline and lactic dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
      activities in odontoblasts and dental pulp].

PMID- 6587938
TI  - [Clinical and pathohistological results of fissure sealing].

PMID- 6587939
TI  - [Assessment of the effectiveness of fluoride preparations].

PMID- 6587940
TI  - [Unusual complications after sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular ramus].

PMID- 6587941
TI  - [Biomechanics of the orofacial system. II. Mechanical properties of the
      periodontium. I].

PMID- 6587942
TI  - Prostaglandin biosynthesis by gastric mucosa. I. Studies in rat.
AB  - A technique for determination of the prostaglandin E2 biosynthetic capacity (
      PGBC ) of gastric mucosa is described. The effects of food deprivation and
      indomethacin pretreatment on PGBC were studied. Indomethacin (1 mg/kg i.p.)
      significantly reduced the PGBC of fundal and antral tissue. This effect was more
      marked in the fundal tissue. Food deprivation for up to 22 h had no effect on
      fundal PGBC . In the antrum, a 12-hour fast caused a significant reduction in
      PGBC while a 22-hour fast had no effect. These changes in PGBC may relate to the
      increase in susceptibility to gastric ulceration caused by fasting or
      indomethacin pretreatment. This technique may be applicable to clinical studies.

PMID- 6587943
TI  - Prostaglandin biosynthesis by gastric mucosa. II. Studies in man.
AB  - The concentration of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in gastric juice and the PGE2
      biosynthetic capacity ( PGBC ) of mucosal biopsies were studied before and after
      a five-day course of acetylsalicylic acid (650 mg QID) in seven healthy subjects.
      Gastric juice PGE2 concentration varied between individuals, but mucosal PGBC was
      relatively constant. After the five-day course of acetylsalicylic acid both
      measurements were significantly lower. PGE2 concentration fell 49 +/- 8% and PGBC
      was reduced by at least 97%. The ready availability of these samples at endoscopy
      and the sensitivity and reproducibility of the measurements suggest that these
      techniques may be valuable in clinical studies of gastric function and disease.

PMID- 6587944
TI  - Cor pulmonale and facio-auriculo-vertebral sequence.
AB  - Two patients with facio-auriculo-vertebral sequence and cor pulmonale secondary
      to chronic airway obstruction responded rapidly and completely following surgical
      removal of normal-sized tonsillar and adenoidal tissue. Any child with a
      craniofacial malformation that includes diminished pharyngeal dimension or
      moderate micrognathia with midface hypoplasia must be observed closely, lest
      chronic progressive airflow impedance lead to right heart failure.

PMID- 6587945
TI  - Dental caries of primary incisors in children with cleft lip and palate.
AB  - Visual dental examinations were performed on 64 children ages 18 months through 4
      years presenting at a Craniofacial Defects Team charged with diagnostic and
      referral services. Of the 41 children with cleft lip and/or cleft palate, 13
      (32%) had dental caries of one or more maxillary primary incisors. One of the
      remaining 23 children examined experienced caries of the maxillary primary
      incisors. In incisors of children having clefts of the alveolus, caries tended to
      correspond to sites of enamel deficiency in caries-free children with alveolar
      clefts. Caries patterns in children with clefts involving only the palate
      resembled "nursing carries". Children with clefts are at significant risk for
      caries of the primary incisors; a dental prevention program is to be emphasized
      in referring these children for care.

PMID- 6587946
TI  - A survey of nursing care for parents and infants with cleft lip and palate.
AB  - This survey of the hospital nurse's role in patient care when a child is born
      with an orofacial cleft included nursing assistance offered new parents,
      identification of specialists for habilitation of the child, and inservice
      nursing education programs. Findings from 52 hospitals indicated that adequate
      assistance and information concerning special services for parents and child were
      not available. Some hospitals offered inservice nursing education in care of
      parents and children with facial clefts. Suggestions are made concerning nursing
      education programs in cleft lip and palate.

PMID- 6587947
TI  - Human fetal specimens available.

PMID- 6587948
TI  - Articulation development in children with cleft lip/palate.
AB  - This longitudinal study analyzed the articulation development of 108 children
      with cleft lip/palate from three through eight years of age. The data suggest
      that as the severity of clefting increases the severity of the articulation
      deficit does also. Age and type of cleft were statistically significant factors
      in the development of normal articulation skills. Children with cleft lip
      appeared to be a homogeneous speaking group characterized by normal articulation
      development. However, children with palatal clefts remained at a heterogeneous
      group with regard to their articulation test performance through eight years of
      age. Future comparisons of articulatory proficient and articulatory deficient
      cleft palate children may shed light in morphological and other reasons for the
      articulation deficiency in some children.

PMID- 6587949
TI  - Neuroanatomical considerations of palatal muscles: tensor and levator veli
      palatini.
AB  - The tensor veli palatini (TVP) and levator veli palatini (LVP) muscles are
      intimately associated with the soft palate and knowledge of their anatomy and
      physiology is essential for palatoplasty. Controversy regarding the function and
      innervation of these muscles still exists. The purpose of this study was to
      identify the location of motoneurons within the brainstem which innervate the TVP
      and LVP using the current neuroanatomical tracing technique of retrograde axonal
      transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). HRP was injected into each of these
      muscles in adult cats. Following a twenty-four hour survival the animals were
      sacrificed, the brain removed and processed using tetramethyl benzidene . TVP
      motoneurons were located in the rostral two-thirds of the ventromedial division
      of the trigeminal motor nucleus. LVP motoneurons were located in the rostral 2 mm
      of the nucleus ambiguus ipsilaterally and to a lesser extent contralaterally as
      well as in the retrofacial nucleus ipsilaterally. Our study has addressed
      neuroanatomical aspects essential to an understanding of the structure and
      function of the palatal muscles. Unraveling the central connections of the TVP,
      LVP motoneurons may clarify understanding of such complex functions as
      swallowing, sucking, blowing and speech.

PMID- 6587950
TI  - Early prediction of posterior crossbite in the complete unilateral cleft lip and
      palate.
AB  - Dental study casts on 35 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP)
      were evaluated at the late primary and early mixed dentition stages for the
      presence of significant (more than one tooth) posterior crossbites. Using this
      crossbite criterion patients were divided into "acceptable" and "unacceptable"
      groups. Eleven arch dimensions on the presurgical dental casts were measured to
      see if any, either singly or in combination, could be used to predict the later
      occurrence of significant crossbite. No single measurement of infant arch
      dimensions significantly differed between children with and without crossbite.
      Data from 26 patients were used for discriminant function analysis. This produced
      an equation correctly predicting the presence or absence of posterior crossbites
      in 88% of cases in the primary and 91% in the mixed dentitions.

PMID- 6587951
TI  - Parents' tolerance for the conduct problems of the child with cleft lip and
      palate.
AB  - A standardized questionnaire was used to record parents' ratings of the frequency
      of conduct problems and their tolerance of the problems. According to parent
      report, children without facial clefts and children with facial clefts displayed
      conduct problems with about the same frequency. However, parents of children with
      facial clefts were significantly more tolerant of problems in their offspring.
      These data suggest that the social learning environments in the homes may be
      different for the two groups of children.

PMID- 6587952
TI  - Secondary repair of the bilateral cleft lip deformity.
AB  - A wide prolabial segment with a "whistling" defect used to be a common deformity
      following bilateral cleft lip surgery when the muscle repair was ignored. Simply
      revising scars often will be followed by recurrence of the deformity. An adequate
      muscle repair is the basis for a successful and permanent correction. The
      operation described in this paper includes elevation of the prolabial skin and
      reconstruction of the orbicularis oris muscle.

PMID- 6587953
TI  - Oronasal fistulas, intraoral air pressure, and nasal air flow during speech.
AB  - Aeromechanical data are presented for six patients with oronasal fistulas and one
      with a maxillary cleft. Patients were studied with the defects open and again
      with them closed with either acrylic dental appliances, dental wax, or denture
      adhesive. Only the largest openings appeared to allow sufficient loss of
      intraoral air pressure to weaken obstruent consonants. All but the smallest of
      the defects were associated with nasal air flow during syllable strings. Thus the
      data are compatible with a hypothesis that in the presence of small air leaks
      patients maintain sufficient intraoral air pressure for accurate consonant
      production. Presumably this is achieved by increase in respiratory effort. The
      relationship between fistula size and speech or speech related variables appears
      to be similar to that between area of the velopharyngeal opening and speech.
      However, the fistula is more constant in area across utterances than is the
      pathological velopharyngeal mechanism.

PMID- 6587954
TI  - Interstitial deletion of chromosome 1 (q23-q25). Report of a case.
AB  - We describe a 3-month-old female with a de novo interstitial deletion of the long
      arm of chromosome 1 (1q23-25). Clinical features are failure to thrive,
      psychomotor retardation, cleft lip and palate, short metacarpals, metatarsals and
      fingers and a severe congenital heart disease. The four previously reported
      patients with the same deletion share with ours the distinctive pattern of
      anomalies of the face and limbs; therefore, it seems now possible to delineate a
      proximal 1 q deletion syndrome.

PMID- 6587956
TI  - [The brain and prostaglandins].

PMID- 6587955
TI  - Defective splenic reticuloendothelial function in idiopathic membranous
      nephropathy.
AB  - We studied splenic macrophage reticuloendothelial function in 18 patients with
      idiopathic membranous nephropathy and eight patients with mesangio-capillary
      glomerulonephritis by measuring the clearance from the circulation of technetium
      labelled, autologous, antibody coated erythrocytes (IgG cells) or heat damaged
      erythrocytes (HDE). Nine of 15 rhesus-D positive patients with membranous
      nephropathy had delayed clearance of the IgG cells and the defect did not
      correlate with disease activity. Circulating immune complexes were not detected
      in any of the patients with membranous nephropathy. The defect in clearance of
      the IgG cells in the membranous patients was associated with the presence of HLA
      B8 and DR3. In the mesangio-capillary glomerulonephritis patients, the clearance
      rates of the IgG cells were fast-normal in six and enhanced in two, and
      correlated with the clearance of HDE. The clearance rates of the cells in this
      group correlated with the degree of hypocomplementaemia but not with the disease
      activity nor HLA haplotype.

PMID- 6587957
TI  - Cytosine arabinoside cerebrospinal fluid kinetics.
AB  - To better characterize the disposition of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) in
      cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), its kinetics were studied in seven patients with
      meningeal leukemia in complete remission. After intraventricular injection of 30
      mg Ara-C, CSF and plasma samples were obtained over a 24-hr period. Ara-C levels
      were measured by a reverse-phase HPLC assay (with a sensitivity of 0.5 microM in
      CSF and 1.0 microM in plasma) that readily separated Ara-C from its major
      metabolite uracil arabinoside (Ara-U). Elimination of Ara-C from CSF followed a
      biphasic pattern, with an initial t1/2 of 1 hr and a terminal t1/2 of 3.4 hr. Ara
      C clearance from CSF was 0.42 ml/min, suggesting that drug elimination was
      primarily by CSF bulk flow. The ratio of the AUC of Ara-U to the AUC of Ara-C was
      0.08, indicating only minor metabolism of Ara-C to Ara-U in CSF, in contrast to
      that after systemic Ara-C. Despite initial CSF Ara-C concentrations exceeding 2
      mM, Ara-C was not detectable in plasma in any patient. Intraventricular Ara-C
      results in very high levels in CSF, but systemic tissues are relatively spared
      from exposure to Ara-C.

PMID- 6587958
TI  - Acute myeloblastic leukaemia and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia.

PMID- 6587959
TI  - Influence of phenylbutazone on eicosanoid levels in equine acute inflammatory
      exudate.
AB  - In a two part cross-over experiment, acute inflammatory exudates were induced in
      7 ponies by subcutaneous implantation of 3 sterile carrageenin-soaked polyester
      sponge strips. Treatment comprised a single therapeutic geenin-soaked polyester
      sponge strips. Treatment comprised a single therapeutic dose of 4.4 mg/kg
      phenylbutazone (PBZ) administered intravenously at the time of sponge
      implantation. Exudates were harvested at 6, 12 and 24 hours and examined for
      leukocyte and erythrocyte numbers using the improved Neubauer technique; for
      eicosanoids by radioimmunoassay and by high performance liquid chromatography for
      concentrations of PBZ and its principal metabolite oxyphenbutazone. Plasma PBZ
      and oxyphenbutazone levels were measured in treated animals at 6, 12 and 24
      hours. The administration of PBZ produced, at 6 hours, highly significant (P less
      than 0.001) reductions in exudate levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 6-keto
      PGF1 alpha (the stable breakdown product of prostacyclin, PGI2). Significant (P
      less than 0.01) reductions in these eicosanoids were maintained in treated
      animals at 12 and 24 hours. Levels of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), the catabolite of
      TXA2, were reduced in treated animals at 6 and 12 hours but these changes were
      not significant. Leukocyte numbers were significantly (P less than 0.001)
      increased from 6-hour values at 12 and 24 hours in both control and PBZ-treated
      animals but differences between control and treated ponies were not significant.
      This is the first report in ponies of eicosanoid inhibition following the
      administration of a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is proposed
      that the model of inflammation used in this study might provide a means of
      assessing the efficacy and duration of action of NSAIDs in the horse.

PMID- 6587960
TI  - Amantadine in Tourette syndrome.

PMID- 6587961
TI  - [Treatment of primary herpetic infections].

PMID- 6587962
TI  - Anion transport heterogeneity detected by flow cytometric measurement of NBD
      taurine efflux kinetics.
AB  - NBD-taurine [N-(7-nitrobenzofuran-4-yl) taurine], a fluorescent substrate for the
      human erythrocyte anion exchange system, has been used to test the feasibility of
      making flow cytometric measurements of anion transport in K562 erythroleukemic
      cells. Cells were preloaded by incubation with 20 microM-2mM NBD-taurine, then
      diluted 10-30-fold, and efflux was monitored by measuring fluorescence intensity
      (FL) as a function of time using excitation at 488 nm. The observed rate of
      decrease in fluorescence was sensitive to temperature and also to phloretin, a
      compound known to inhibit anion transport and other carrier-mediated transport
      processes. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the fluorescence distribution
      increased markedly over the efflux period, suggesting heterogeneity of the K562
      population with respect to the rate constant for NBD-taurine efflux. This
      heterogeneity was also reflected in the upward curvature of a first order plot of
      log (FLt - FL infinity) versus time. Half-times calculated from initial linear
      portions of the first-order plots were found to decrease as the loading
      concentration of NBD-taurine was decreased, as predicted for a saturable
      transport system. NBD-taurine is not an ideal anion transport substrate for flow
      cytometric studies. It appears to bind to high-affinity sites within the cells
      with consequent fluorescence quenching, complicating interpretation of kinetic
      curves at low concentrations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6587963
TI  - [108th annual meeting of the German Society of Dentistry and Oral Medicine.
      Berlin 1983. Poster sessions].

PMID- 6587964
TI  - The rat LTW(m) Leydig cell tumor: cancer anorexia due to estrogen.
AB  - Anorexia occurs in male rats bearing transplantable LTW(m) Leydig cell tumors.
      Previous studies had shown that this tumor caused decreased food consumption and
      weight loss within 2 weeks of implantation. Additional studies reported here
      demonstrate that this tumor had little anorectic effect in female rats, and that
      male rats with LTW(m) tumors had elevated concentrations of circulating estradiol
      and low levels of testosterone. The tumor was also anorexigenic in castrated male
      rats. Exogenous estrogen given in the form of sc implanted pellets of estradiol
      reduced weight gain in male rats in proportion to the dose of estradiol. Weight
      gain was reduced when the plasma estradiol concentration was as low as 49 +/- 3
      pg/ml; control estradiol levels were 25 +/- 4 pg/ml. Similar effects were
      observed in male Zucker fatty rats. It was further demonstrated that the tumor is
      anorexigenic in ventromedial hypothalamus-lesioned rats, an effect previously
      observed in ventromedial hypothalamus-lesioned rats given exogenous estradiol.
      Carcass analysis revealed that tumor-bearing rats used a metabolic fuel mixture
      containing a higher percentage of fat-derived substrates compared to nonimplanted
      controls, suggesting that altered fuel utilization may contribute to the
      decreased weight gain of tumor-bearing rats. We conclude that the circulating
      substance responsible for LTW(m) tumor-induced anorexia in male rats is likely to
      be an estrogenic steroid.

PMID- 6587965
TI  - Dissociation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from spinach by
      urea.
AB  - The dissociation of D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from
      spinach, which consists of eight large subunits (L, 53 kDa) and eight small
      subunits (S, 14 kDa) and thus has a quarternary structure L8S8, has been
      investigated using a variety of physical techniques. Gel chromatography using
      Sephadex G-100 indicates the quantitative dissociation of the small subunit S
      from the complex at 3-4 M urea (50 mM Tris/Cl pH 8.0, 0.5 mM EDTA, 1 mM
      dithiothreitol and 5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol). The dissociated S is monomeric.
      Analytical ultracentrifuge studies show that the core of large subunits, L,
      remaining at 3-4 M urea sediments with S20, w = 15.0 S, whereas the intact enzyme
      (L8S8) sediments with S20, w = 17.7S. The observed value is consistent with a
      quarternary structure L8. The dissociation reaction in 3-4 M urea can thus be
      represented by L8S8----L8 + 8S. At urea concentrations c greater than 5 M the L8
      core dissociates into monomeric, unfolded large subunits. A large decrease in
      fluorescence emission intensity accompanies the dissociation of the small subunit
      S. This change is completed at 4 M urea. No changes are observed upon
      dissociating the L8 core. The kinetics of dissociation of the small subunit, as
      monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy, closely follow the kinetics of loss of
      carboxylase activity of the enzyme. Studies of the circular dichroism of D
      ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in the wavelength region 200-260 nm
      indicate two conformational transitions. The first one ([0]220 from -8000 to 
      3500 deg cm2 dmol-1) is completed at 4 M urea and corresponds to the dissociation
      of the small subunit and coupled conformational changes. The second one ([0]220
      from -3500 to -1200 deg cm2 dmol-1) is completed at 6 M urea and reflects the
      dissociation and unfolding of large subunits from the core. The effect of
      activation of the enzyme by addition of MgCl2 (10 mM) and NaHCO3 (10 mM) on these
      conformational transitions was investigated. The first conformational transition
      is then shifted to higher urea concentrations: a single transition ([0]220 from 
      8000 to -1200 deg cm2 dmol-1) is observed for the activated enzyme. From the urea
      dissociation experiments we conclude that both large (L) and small (S) subunits
      are important for carboxylase activity of spinach D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
      carboxylase: the L-S subunit interactions tighten upon activation and
      dissociation of S leads to a coupled, proportional loss of enzyme activity.

PMID- 6587966
TI  - Lacrimal gland accumulation of 67Ga-citrate in patients with Sjogren's syndrome.
AB  - The extent of 67Ga accumulation in the two lacrimal glands in patients with
      keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) of Sjogren's syndrome was studied. Of the two
      main groups one consisted of 69 subjects without ophthalmic complaints (control
      group), the other consisted of 26 patients with KCS of Sjogren's syndrome. Of the
      26 patients with KCS, 7 had been diagnosed as probable KCS (probable sub-group)
      and the other 19 had been diagnosed definite KCS (definite sub-group). About 3
      mCi (111 MBq) 67Ga-citrate was injected IV into each subject and this was
      followed by scintigraphy at 24, 48, and 72 h after the injection of 67Ga. A
      positive finding in the lacrimal gland was noted in 64 of 69 subjects (92.7%) in
      the control group and in 7 of 7 patients (100%) with probable KCS. Three of 19
      patients with definite KCS (15.7%) showed positive findings under scintigraphy.
      When the scintigraphic finding in the lacrimal gland is not positive in patients
      with suspected KCS of Sjogren's syndrome, they can then be diagnosed with little
      risk as definite KCS cases. Shirmer's test was performed on subjects in the
      probable and definite groups. There was statistical significance between the
      positive and equivocal or negative scintigraphic finding and Schirmer's values.
      These results suggest a correlation between gallium accumulation in the lacrimal
      gland and the tear production.

PMID- 6587967
TI  - The effect of a lingual arch appliance with anterior bite plane in deep overbite
      correction.

PMID- 6587968
TI  - Dento-alveolar compensation for antero-posterior variations between the upper and
      lower apical bases.

PMID- 6587969
TI  - Root resorption and submergence in retained deciduous second molars. A mixed
      longitudinal study of 77 children with developmental absence of second premolars.

PMID- 6587970
TI  - Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis in plaque from orthodontic bands
      and brackets.

PMID- 6587971
TI  - Chlorhexidine and traumatic ulcers in orthodontic patients.

PMID- 6587972
TI  - Treatment alternatives for children with severe maxillary hypoplasia.

PMID- 6587973
TI  - Nature versus nurture in dento-facial variation.

PMID- 6587974
TI  - Stability of results and function of the masticatory system in patients treated
      with the Herren type of activator.

PMID- 6587975
TI  - The relation of receptor-binding studies to receptor function.
AB  - Binding studies give direct information regarding the binding of a drug to its
      receptor. However, it is important to define the conditions of the binding assay
      such that the binding in vitro agrees with that estimated from whole tissue
      pharmacology in order to establish the validity of the binding assay. This is
      relatively easy for antagonist-receptor interactions. In contrast, the agonist
      binding properties are generally more complex and may be explained by differences
      in receptor-effector coupling. Binding studies are also capable of detecting the
      interaction of ligands with, and elucidating the nature of, an effector which is
      directly coupled to the receptor. These are manifest as an allosteric modulation
      of the binding of the drug to its receptor. One parameter which binding studies
      give is the number of receptor-binding sites: this cannot be obtained from whole
      tissue pharmacology. Changes in the number of receptor-binding sites can be
      related to the effects of perturbation of a biological system. However, caution
      must be exerted in the equation of numbers of binding sites with numbers of
      physiologically relevant functional receptors.

PMID- 6587976
TI  - Human pulmonary muscarinic cholinergic receptors.

PMID- 6587977
TI  - 'Do abnormalities in agonist receptor-binding reflect the activation of the
      receptor?' An interpretation of the inhibition of 3H-dexetimide binding to the
      muscarinic receptor by a series of furtrethonium derivatives.

PMID- 6587978
TI  - Receptors and COLD (chronic obstructive lung disease). The adrenergic and
      cholinergic system in relation to the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of
      COLD. Proceedings of an international meeting, Utrecht, 4-5 November 1982.

PMID- 6587980
TI  - Asthma--pathophysiology and treatment. A symposium of Glaxo, Sweden.

PMID- 6587979
TI  - The sympathetic and parasympathetic system in bronchial hyperreactivity. A
      synthesis.

PMID- 6587981
TI  - Emotions and asthma I.
AB  - Asthma, emotions and hyperreactivity are discussed. There is some evidence that
      emotions can affect airways calibre. A hypothesis connecting stress,
      hyperventilation and asthma is discussed. An investigation of asthma patients'
      demand for medical care in relation to emotional factors is presented.

PMID- 6587983
TI  - Food and asthma I.

PMID- 6587982
TI  - Allergy diagnosis and specific therapy in asthma--when, where and how?

PMID- 6587984
TI  - Diet and asthma in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 6587985
TI  - Food and asthma II.

PMID- 6587986
TI  - Non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity: correlation to asthma and modifying
      factors.
AB  - Bronchial hyperreactivity can be induced and modified by allergic and non
      allergic factors affecting the airways. Bronchospasm can also be induced by small
      amounts of many of these agents and by other factors as well. Allergic and non
      allergic subjects can be affected. Bronchial obstruction in asthma due to
      allergic reactions is to a large extent dependent on the degree of nonspecific
      bronchial reactivity. This can be influenced by different modes of treatment.

PMID- 6587987
TI  - Tryptophan and endogenous asthma.

PMID- 6587988
TI  - Food and asthma III.

PMID- 6587989
TI  - Diet regimen in asthma?

PMID- 6587990
TI  - Effect of domiciliary treatment with nebulized beta 2-stimulants--a retrospective
      follow-up of 102 patients.
AB  - A retrospective follow-up of 102 patients with beta 2-stimulant nebulizers
      prescribed for domiciliary use was made to find out the extent to which the
      device was actually used, the effect on the need for hospital care and steroid
      treatment and the cause and place of death in relation to all asthma deaths. Of
      53 patients seen in their homes, more than half used the nebulizer continuously.
      Two patients returned their nebulizers due to improvement of symptoms. A slight
      but not statistically significant reduction of hospital care was seen during a
      two-year period after the prescription compared to before. Patients with
      hypersecretion as the main problem seemed to benefit more by the treatment than
      obstructive patients. Asthma deaths outside hospital were not more frequent in
      patients with a nebulizer (84 per cent) than without (75 per cent). In two
      patients out of six dying from status asthmaticus outside the hospital, it could
      not be ruled out that the patient had relied too long on the bronchodilating
      effect of the nebulized beta 2-stimulant instead of coming to the hospital for
      additional treatment for the oedema and plugging. More information to patients
      about this risk is necessary.

PMID- 6587991
TI  - The Swedish winter disables asthmatics.

PMID- 6587992
TI  - Prevention of cold-induced asthma by conditioning the inspired air.

PMID- 6587993
TI  - Are there tests of "small airways" dysfunction?

PMID- 6587994
TI  - Glucocorticoids and asthma. Studies of resistance and systemic effects of
      glucocorticoids.
AB  - Glucocorticoid resistance in asthma is genetically determined in a few
      individuals. Preliminary data are presented from a study showing interaction with
      a drug as another explanation for glucocorticoid resistance. In 6 healthy
      individuals, prednisolone concentrations were measured during 9 h after oral
      intake of 15 mg before and after 10 days' intake of 450 mg of rifampicin daily.
      An increased clearance of prednisolone was demonstrated. Systemic effects of
      inhaled glucocorticoids have also been studied. Comparison in healthy individuals
      between beclomethasone dipropionate given as a spray and as powder showed similar
      systemic effects with the two modes of administration. A new glucocorticoid for
      inhalation therapy, budesonide, was shown to have a weaker systemic effect than
      beclomethasone dipropionate. By rinsing the mouth with water after inhalation, it
      was possible to reduce the amount of drug swallowed, and our data showed a
      tendency towards less systemic effects after mouth-rinsing.

PMID- 6587996
TI  - Control of airway smooth muscle and mechanisms of bronchial hyperreactivity.

PMID- 6587995
TI  - Theophylline--clinical pharmacokinetics and therapeutic drug monitoring.

PMID- 6587997
TI  - Comparison of the effects of a new anticholinergic drug (AA 28-263, Sandoz) and
      terbutaline in a dose-response study in endogenous asthmatics.

PMID- 6587999
TI  - [Dens evaginatus. Review of the literature and case report].

PMID- 6587998
TI  - [Tasks of pedodontic care based on complex studies. I].

PMID- 6588000
TI  - [Successful conservative treatment of internal granuloma].

PMID- 6588001
TI  - [The role of carbohydrates in the demineralization process].

PMID- 6588002
TI  - [Cost-effective manufacturing of a vibrator for better compression of dental
      amalgam filling materials].

PMID- 6588003
TI  - [Electromyography in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint dysfunction
      syndromes].

PMID- 6588004
TI  - [Cell-damaging effect of composite filling materials].

PMID- 6588005
TI  - [The fine dust problem: inventory of current regulations].

PMID- 6588006
TI  - [Onlay restoration in metalloceramics. Synthesis of function and esthetics].

PMID- 6588007
TI  - [Analysis of precious metal alloys. Complete alloys for all cases].

PMID- 6588008
TI  - [Personal computer in the dental laboratory. Selection criteria for an automatic
      data processing system].

PMID- 6588009
TI  - Ontogeny of the rat thymus micro-environment: development of the interdigitating
      cell and macrophage populations.
AB  - The ontogeny of the rat thymus micro-environment and in particular the
      development of the interdigitating cell (IDC) and macrophage (M phi) populations
      has been studied. At day 15 of fetal life the thymus consisted of an epithelial
      primordium in which some Thy-1 positive thymocytes were present around local
      capillaries in a central area. At day 16 some Ia positive cells, which could not
      be further identified, and some monocyte-like M phi were observed in the central
      area. From day 17 the thymus became lobulated by ingrowth of small blood vessels
      with perivascular connective tissue from the surrounding capsule. An Ia positive
      epithelial reticulum developed which became populated by increasing numbers of
      thymocytes. Some strongly acid phosphatase positive M phi were present from this
      stage of development. From day 19 cortical and medullary areas could be
      distinguished in the thymus. The cortex consisted of an Ia positive epithelial
      reticulum in which closely packed thymocytes and scattered M phi were present.
      The medulla demonstrated a confluent Ia staining and consisted of an epithelial
      reticulum in which thymocytes, strongly non-specific esterase positive IDC and an
      occasional M phi were present. Also highly phagocytic IDC-like cells were
      observed in the medulla, most likely they comprise the population of
      differentiating IDC. Thymocyte proliferation areas, which were strongly
      pyroninophilic, were observed from day 21 in the cortex, just beneath the
      surrounding connective tissue capsule. A distinct cortico-medullary region with
      many M phi was present one week after birth. From this stage the IDC and M phi
      distribution was comparable with older thymi.

PMID- 6588010
TI  - The structure of the Ca-antigen.

PMID- 6588011
TI  - Carbohydrate differentiation and cancer-associated antigens detected by
      monoclonal antibodies.

PMID- 6588012
TI  - [Evaluation of circulating immune complexes in hemolymphopathies].

PMID- 6588013
TI  - [Karyotype of leukemic cells in chronic myeloid leukemia in children].

PMID- 6588014
TI  - [Extramedullary exacerbation of chronic myeloleukemia].

PMID- 6588015
TI  - [Structural analysis of the Alu-containing DNA fragment with disperse
      distribution in human chromosomes].
AB  - Nucleotide sequencing of two terminal subfragments of a cloned human DNA fragment
      has been done. The fragment cloned hybridized dispersively along all chromosomes
      except for Y chromosome and C heterochromatic chromosome regions. Both
      subfragments sequenced contain Alu repeats, whose structures differ partially
      from those of accurately determined sequences of human Alu repeats. The results
      obtained are discussed in respect of possible usage of Alu repeats containing
      sequences for construction of special polymorphic molecular markers of human
      chromosomes.

PMID- 6588016
TI  - Constitutive variants of the pC194 cat gene exhibit DNA alterations in the
      vicinity of the ribosome binding site sequence.
AB  - The chloramphenicol-inducible regulation of the expression of cat genes from two
      Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus pumilus has been
      suggested to result from the presence of inverted repeat sequences that span the
      ribosome-binding site (RBS) for cat. In support of this hypothesis, we
      demonstrate that two derivatives of the pC194 cat gene which are constitutively
      expressed in Bacillus subtilis are deleted for all or a major portion of the
      inverted-repeat sequences.

PMID- 6588017
TI  - Hyperlipidemia: reducing the chances of cardiovascular disease.

PMID- 6588018
TI  - [Septic oromaxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 6588019
TI  - Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. IL. Therapeutic and
      prognostic value of chromosomal findings during acute phase in Ph1-positive
      chronic myeloid leukemia.
AB  - The therapeutic response and survival after the onset of the acute crisis in 64
      patients with Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) were correlated with
      the chromosomal findings during the course of the acute phase. The patients were
      divided into three groups on the basis of the chromosome findings in the bone
      marrow, blood, and spleen: i.e. those with only a Ph1 (PP), those having two
      types of clones, i.e. one clone with only a Ph1 and another with additional
      karyotypic changes (AP), and those with only abnormal clones containing
      karyotypic abnormalities in addition to the Ph1 (AA). The number of patients in
      each group was: 22 in PP, 25 in AP and 17 in AA. The results were as follows: (1)
      The percentage of patients with a good therapeutic response was 77 per cent
      (17/22) in PP, 60 per cent (15/25) in AP and 29 per cent (5/17) in AA and 2). The
      median survival after the onset of the acute crisis was 148 days (4.9 months) in
      PP, 183 days (6.1 months) in AP and 53 days (1.8 months) in AA. Statistically,
      there was a significant difference between the AA and the other two groups (P
      less than 0.001). Our observations suggest that the lack of a clone with only a
      Ph1 during the course of the acute phase (AA) indicates an unfavourable response
      and a poor prognosis after the onset of the acute crisis in CML.

PMID- 6588020
TI  - Carcinogenesis in Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 6588022
TI  - HLA antigens and clinical subgroups of schizophrenia.
AB  - Frequencies of HLA A, B, C, and DR antigens were studied in 100 schizophrenic
      patients and 919 controls from South Sweden. The patients were diagnosed
      according to the DSM III criteria and divided into four clinical subgroups
      (hebephrenic, paranoid, residual, and undifferentiated). In the schizophrenic
      patients as a whole significant increases were found for A2, A3, B17, B27, and
      Cw2 and decreases for A1, A11, and B8. A previous positive association with A9
      from the same population was not confirmed. A significant heterogeneity between
      the four clinical subgroups was found for A3 and Bw35. Most of the associations
      between HLA antigens and schizophrenia reported in the literature appear to be
      fortuitous and dependent on the large number of trials made. However, confirmed
      increases have been found for A9 and B17, and confirmed decreases have been
      observed for A1 and B7. Some evidence for a heterogeneity between clinical
      subgroups was found in the present as well as in previous investigations.

PMID- 6588021
TI  - Bone marrow monosomy 7: hematologic and clinical manifestations in childhood and
      adolescence.
AB  - The hematologic manifestations and clinical course are described for six children
      and adolescents with bone marrow monosomy 7. One child with secondary acute
      myelogenous leukemia had monosomy 7 plus a marker chromosome; the remaining
      patients had marrow monosomy 7 as the only karyotypic abnormality. The
      hematologic abnormalities were diverse, but the majority of patients had a
      smoldering preleukemic or myeloproliferative phase. Leukemic blasts were either
      undifferentiated or demonstrated evidence of myeloid differentiation. All
      patients responded poorly to antileukemic therapy. Bone marrow monosomy 7 was
      observed in one patient with severe marrow hypoplasia. Antileukemic therapy in
      another patient with greater than 30 per cent marrow blasts was associated with
      the development of a bone marrow myeloproliferative disorder with persistence of
      the monosomy 7 karyotype. We speculate that monosomy 7 may be a specific marker
      for a pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell abnormality that is associated with
      either blastic leukemia or a myeloproliferative disorder.

PMID- 6588023
TI  - Selective chemotaxis of Ia antigen-positive blood monocytes in response to a
      macrophage chemotactic lymphokine extractable from PPD-induced delayed
      hypersensitivity reaction site in guinea-pigs.
AB  - Intraperitoneal injection of 10 micrograms PPD into BCG-immunized guinea-pigs
      induced enrichment of Ia-positive macrophages in the peritoneal exudates and Ia
      positive monocytes in the peripheral blood. The peritoneal fluids (PF) free of
      exudate cells exhibited distinct macrophage chemotactic activity (MCA). Most of
      the MCA were absorbed by the antibody to macrophage chemotactic factor c (MCF-c),
      which was isolated as a complex of macrophage chemotactic lymphokine (mol. wt.
      12,500) and serum protein (as a carrier protein) from skin site of PPD-induced
      delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction in guinea-pigs and highly purified.
      The PF and MCF-c selectively attracted Ia-positive blood monocytes rather than Ia
      negative monocytes, while MCF-a and -b, which were also isolated from the same
      skin lesions, attracted Ia-negative monocytes but not Ia-positive monocytes,
      suggesting that massive Ia-positive macrophage accumulation in the exudates may
      be associated with the selective emigration of Ia-positive monocytes (as the
      precursors of macrophages) due to macrophage chemotactic lymphokine or MCF-c.

PMID- 6588025
TI  - [Ergonomics and teaching].

PMID- 6588024
TI  - [The significance and problems of photography in the dental office].

PMID- 6588026
TI  - [Intermediate-term verification of occlusal stability after occlusal adjustment].

PMID- 6588027
TI  - [Prevention in the pedodontic dental office].

PMID- 6588028
TI  - [The present status of sterilization].

PMID- 6588029
TI  - [A case of ameloblastoma].

PMID- 6588030
TI  - [What is your diagnosis? Median palatine fissural cyst].

PMID- 6588031
TI  - [Results of a survey on canal instrumentation. From 300 answers].

PMID- 6588032
TI  - [The technology of CO2 lasers in dental treatment].

PMID- 6588033
TI  - What are the psychosocial factors involved in motivating individuals to retain
      their teeth? Dreams and facts.
AB  - The mother-child relationship, the family milieu and the scholastic environment
      all play a part in determining the ability of an individual to accept oral care.
      The acceptance of such care needs to be prompted by arguments based on the
      principal functions of the teeth: chewing and digestion; elocution and
      communication; and aesthetics--especially the smile displaying harmonious teeth
      which is synonymous with beauty, youth and happiness. Avoidance or rejection of
      dental care are direct consequences of fear; fear of pain and primordial fears
      linked to infant anxieties and the castration complex. Refusal or neglect to
      practise oral hygiene may represent aggression and rebellion against the
      established order. Harmful eating habits, notably the symbolic seductiveness of
      sugar, and parafunctional behaviour, which contains auto-aggressive or
      masochistic components, all contribute to the irrational relationships people
      have with their teeth. Attitudes totally opposed to the aims of prevention
      readily develop in response to some media messages. If prevention is forced guilt
      feelings are reinforced and conflict ensues. To overcome this, dentists should
      establish methods of prevention which do not depend only upon individual
      participation.

PMID- 6588034
TI  - Status of viral hepatitis in the world community: its incidence among dentists
      and other dental personnel.
AB  - Viral hepatitis is a major public health problem, occurring endemically in all
      areas of the world. The prevalence of the disease is influenced by numerous
      factors which may be able to modulate its onset. Study of the epidemiology of
      viral hepatitis in different geographical, ethnic, social and genetic groups as
      well as immunological and individual factors has contributed much to our
      understanding of the disease. Hepatitis viruses are classified into A (infectious
      hepatitis), B (serum hepatitis) and non-A, non-B. The transmission of hepatitis B
      virus (HBV) is a potential hazard in dental practice. A number of reports suggest
      a significantly higher incidence of hepatitis among dentists than in the general
      population and also higher rates of hepatitis in certain specialists, especially
      oral surgeons, periodontists and endodontists, than in general dentists. Vectors
      of infection with HBV in dental practice are blood, saliva and nasopharyngeal
      secretions. The incidence of hepatitis B in dental practitioners is influenced by
      the exposure to infection, the type of practice, the number of years of
      professional experience and antibody response. HBV may be spread by dentists and
      dental students, by dental auxiliaries and by other personnel closely associated
      with clinical practice, who are antigen positive carriers but have no clinical
      symptoms. Therefore, dentists and their staff should know well the risk of
      infection from their patients, the risk of cross-infection between patients, and
      the risk of infecting each other.

PMID- 6588035
TI  - A vaccine for type B hepatitis and its implications for dentistry.
AB  - A vaccine for type B (serum) hepatitis is available for individuals at high risk
      of acquiring the disease. The high-risk status of dental personnel to type B
      hepatitis is discussed. The safety and efficacy of the vaccine, its limitations
      relative to other types of hepatitis, and its role in preventing the disease are
      evaluated.

PMID- 6588036
TI  - The Swedish dental health programme for adults.
AB  - The Swedish dental health programme for adults provides guidelines for the
      prevention of caries and periodontal disease. Swedish dentists are recommended to
      follow the principles of the programme, which was issued by the Swedish National
      Board of Health and Welfare. The article describes the background, the
      preparation and the content of the programme.

PMID- 6588037
TI  - The prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease. Federation Dentaire
      Internationale Technical Report No. 20.
AB  - The use of effective preventive methods has produced good results in developed
      countries, where caries is declining and periodontal disease is probably getting
      no worse. There are special problems with prevention in developing countries,
      principally high periodontal disease prevalence, rising caries rates and lack of
      resources to deal with these problems. With appropriate assistance, much can
      still be accomplished in these developing countries. Depending on economic
      resources and disease patterns, the following procedures for oral disease
      prevention can be recommended. Priority order will vary from country to country,
      and national and local laws may also determine what procedures can or cannot be
      employed. Fluoridation of water supplies is the most effective action to prevent
      caries in communities where piped water supplies are in place. It is relatively
      cheap and does not depend on individual action. Where water fluoridation is not
      feasible, community-based alternatives are salt fluoridation, school-water
      fluoridation or supervised ingestion of fluoride supplements. Supervised
      mouthrinsing with fluoride solutions, usually in schools, is effective in
      fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities. Dentists or auxiliaries can also
      apply fluoride gels or solutions to the teeth of individual patients. The use of
      fluoride toothpastes is recommended wherever possible as a routine part of self
      care. All preventive activities have an educational component. Community leaders
      and others should be educated regarding the institution and maintenance of
      community preventive measures which affect them. Individual patients should be
      educated regarding their oral hygiene, use of fluoride, restriction of sugary
      snacks between meals and the necessity for regular dental visits when services
      are available. Dental health education of the public can be concentrated in
      special target groups such as expectant mothers. Because dental caries is a
      public health problem in many countries, public policy to control the
      availability of highly cariogenic foods should be considered. Fissure sealants,
      when applied properly, are highly effective in preventing caries in occlusal
      surfaces. Their use is recommended on newly erupted teeth in susceptible persons,
      and they may be specially useful in the handicapped. Trained operators are
      required and the procedure is reasonably expensive; these factors may restrict
      the use of sealants where resources are limited. The ability of the individual
      patient to control plaque by toothbrushing, flossing or chewsticks should be
      developed to the utmost as the first step in controlling periodontal disease. 2+.

PMID- 6588038
TI  - The effect of the loss of teeth on diet and nutrition.
AB  - Human food selection is dependent on a complex interaction of biological,
      environmental, cultural and behavioural influences. Numerous studies have
      provided evidence that food choice is guided neither by physiologic need nor item
      availability. The widespread prevalence of tooth loss seen in the elderly and the
      impact of impaired masticatory ability on food selection patterns is often
      overlooked. Available information suggests that declining masticatory function
      is, in a large part, responsible for the elderly consuming predominantly soft,
      easy to chew foods, which, in turn, can induce poor dietary practices and
      marginal nutritional intakes. It appears that with appreciable tooth loss there
      is a related decline in masticatory function; significant alterations also take
      place in certain perceptual and sensory measures. Generally, these perceptual
      changes reflect alterations in taste and texture preferences; phenomena which
      persist even after appropriate restorative dental therapy for missing teeth, with
      either removable partial or complete dentures. It has long been known that full
      denture wearers experience a reduction in flavour perception after the insertion
      of their prostheses. In the elderly the generalized decrease in ability to enjoy
      food has, in part, been attributed to flavour disturbances associated with their
      dentures. Whether the sensory loss is, to a large degree, due to the prostheses,
      or primarily reflects age-associated changes in the gustatory and olfactory
      receptors, is still being explored. The information presented suggests that
      persons with impaired dentitions , both with and without a dental prosthesis, may
      impose upon themselves certain dietary restrictions which, in time, can
      compromise their nutritional status and ultimately place them at health risk.

PMID- 6588039
TI  - A longitudinal study of the prostaglandin content of central nervous system
      tissues from guinea pigs with acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
      (EAE).
AB  - The levels of prostaglandins (PGs) E, F2 alpha and 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha, in spinal
      cords and cerebellums of guinea pigs were measured during the development of
      experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). The earliest change observed was
      an elevation of PGE in spinal cords, but not cerebellums , 5-7 days post
      inoculation (PI) and prior to the appearance of clinical symptoms. PGE content of
      spinal cords continued to rise until days 12-14 PI when the animals displayed
      paralytic EAE. In contrast, PGF2 alpha and 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha levels in spinal
      cords peaked on days 9-11, when the animals exhibited initial clinical signs, but
      fell to lower values by days 12-14 PI. In cerebellums , the PGE content increased
      more slowly than in spinal cords, consistent with the lower numbers of
      mononuclear cell infiltrates, whereas PGF2 alpha and 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha levels
      remained unaltered. The relationships between the observed changes in prostanoid
      levels, lesion development and the appearance of clinical symptoms are discussed.

PMID- 6588040
TI  - Mineral metabolism and in vivo uptake of [67 Ga]citrate.
AB  - The uptake of [67 Ga]citrate by normal rats of different ages has been compared
      with the mineral composition of the assayed tissues. Very young animals take up
      much more 67 Ga than the adults and there seems to be a correlation between the
      mineral composition (calcium, magnesium and iron) and the radioactivity uptake.
      The role of those elements and of cellular proliferation in this phenomenon is
      discussed.

PMID- 6588041
TI  - 67Ga disposition in BALB/c mice with altered thyroid states.

PMID- 6588042
TI  - An electromyographic study of post retraction orthodontic patients.

PMID- 6588043
TI  - Integrated orthopedic and orthodontic therapy.

PMID- 6588044
TI  - Orthodontics in oral rehabilitation--a clinical report.

PMID- 6588045
TI  - Nuclear changes in Friend erythroleukemia cells treated with arabinosylcytosine
      in vitro.
AB  - Friend erythroleukemia cells (strain 745 A 19) grown in DME medium were treated
      with arabinosylcytosine (Ara-C) for 12 hours. After treatment, the cells were
      partly fixed and prepared for electron and light microscopy. This treatment
      produced a substantial increase in the number of malignancy-associated changes
      (MAC) present in untreated cells, of the nuclear "holes" and of the mean nuclear
      masses/cell ratio. At the same time, decrease in the growth rate was evident.
      Treatment with this antiblastic drug seems to be suitable for inducing deeper
      morphological changes related to neoplasia in transformed cells.

PMID- 6588046
TI  - Random and nonrandom processes in metastasis, and metastatic inefficiency.
AB  - Basically two hypotheses can be used to account for the metastatic inefficiency
      of cancer cells. The first is that the inefficiency is apparent, and reflects the
      small proportions of cells of a preexisting metastatic phenotype in primary
      tumors which are available for metastasis; thus, metastasis and metastatic
      inefficiency result from nonrandom processes. The opposed view is that most
      cancer cells have metastatic potential which is not realized unless they randomly
      enter a transient metastatic compartment which increases their chances of random
      survival in the metastatic cascade; thus, metastasis and metastatic inefficiency
      are basically random events. Discussion of this issue has been confused by the
      indisputable existence of cancer cell heterogeneity and cell lines with 'high'
      and 'low' metastatic or metastasis-related behavior. However, the relationship of
      these lines to naturally occurring metastasis is not at all clear. The evidence
      suggests that metastasis and metastatic inefficiency are determined by a series
      of random events, and although the presence of metastatic variants could alter
      the rate or efficiency with which metastasis occurs, they are not expected to
      determine whether they occur or not, or to produce major modifications in either.

PMID- 6588047
TI  - Computerized continuous monitoring of cytochemical enzyme reaction product
      formation by the Vickers M85A microdensitometer.
AB  - An experimental set-up for the continuous monitoring of cytochemical enzyme
      reaction rates is described. The design consists of a 32K Commodore PET
      microcomputer, upgraded to Basic 4 and containing a graphics facility. The
      microcomputer is interfaced with a Vickers M85A microdensitometer, which has been
      modified and equipped with a Zeiss X63 water immersion objective. The software
      allows for the automatic transfer of density readings from the M85A to the
      microcomputer, and for the continuous monitoring of the enzyme reaction as its
      proceeds at short time intervals (i.e. down to 3.3 s). The relationship between
      the absorbance change of the enzyme final reaction product and time is printed
      both numerically and graphically. Initial velocity rates are calculated by
      regression analysis, and statistical evaluation of grouped data is possible.

PMID- 6588048
TI  - Effect of radiation on prostaglandin production by human bowel in vitro.
AB  - The effect of gamma irradiation on the production of prostaglandins by human
      colon was investigated. Squares of tissue in organ culture dishes were irradiated
      with 500, 1000, or 2500 rad in single applications. Tissues that were not
      irradiated served as controls. After treatment the tissues were superfused and
      prostaglandin concentrations in the effluent fluid were determined. The rates of
      production of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha by irradiated tissues were
      significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than those of nonirradiated tissues.
      Neither the release of lactate dehydrogenase nor the rate of production of 13,14
      dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha were increased in the irradiated samples,
      suggesting that neither decreased cell viability nor increased prostaglandin
      metabolism accounted for the decreased prostaglandin production rates. We
      conclude that irradiation of the human colon in vitro results in an acute
      inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. The cytoprotective nature of
      prostaglandins is discussed with regard to the possible pathophysiological
      significance of these findings.

PMID- 6588049
TI  - The barrier function of the posterior capsule.
AB  - The permeability of the rabbit lens and human cataractous lens posterior capsule
      to epinephrine and trypan blue and the absorption of ultraviolet and visible
      light through the posterior capsule were studied in vitro. The posterior capsule
      served as a barrier to large nonelectrolytes or negative electrolytes other than
      trypan blue, but it did not impede epinephrine, ultraviolet or visible light.

PMID- 6588051
TI  - Cyclic AMP-dependent and -independent protein kinases and protein phosphorylation
      in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL60) cells induced to differentiate by retinoic
      acid.
AB  - The human leukemia cell line HL60 which resembles promyelocytes can be induced to
      differentiate to cells displaying features of the mature myeloid phenotype by a
      variety of agents including retinoic acid (RA) and agents that elevate
      intracellular adenosine 3:5 cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) levels, e.g., 8
      bromo-cyclic adenosine 3:5 monophosphate (8-Br-cyclic AMP), cholera toxin. Since
      most, if not all the effects of cyclic AMP, are mediated by adenosine 3:5 cyclic
      monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (cyclic AMP-dPK), we investigated the role
      of cyclic AMP-dPK and adenosine 3:5 cyclic monophosphate-independent protein
      kinase (cyclic AMP-iPK) in the induced differentiation of HL60 cells. Marked
      stimulation of cyclic AMP-dPK and cyclic AMP-iPK appears to be intimately
      involved with and specific for HL60 myeloid differentiation as evidenced by: (1)
      Stimulation of cyclic AMP-dPK and cyclic AMP-iPK early during HL60 myeloid
      differentiation and prior to phenotypic changes. (2) RA and dimethylformamide
      (DMF), agents that induce differentiation along the myeloid pathway, cause a
      marked increase in the type l cytosolic cyclic AMP-dPK and cyclic AMP-iPK
      (protamine kinase) while no such increases are noted in cells treated with 12-0
      tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) which induces differentiation along the
      monocyte/macrophage pathway. (3) Both native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
      as well as photoaffinity labeling with 8-azido-cyclic AMP demonstrate marked
      increases in type l cyclic AMP-dPK in the cytosols of cells exposed to agents
      that induce myeloid differentiation but no increase in TPA-differentiated cells.
      (4) The appearance and disappearance of specific cyclic AMP-dependent and 
      independent protein phosphorylations are associated with the induced myeloid
      differentiated state.

PMID- 6588050
TI  - Catabolism of carbohydrates and organic acids and expression of nitrogenase by
      azospirilla.
AB  - Fructose, galactose, L-arabinose, gluconate, and several organic acids support
      rapid growth and N2 fixation of Azospirillum brasiliense ATCC 29145 (strain Sp7)
      as a sole source of carbon and energy. Growth of Azospirillum lipoferum ATCC
      29707 (strain Sp59b) is also supported by glucose, mannose, mannitol, and alpha
      ketoglutarate. Oxidation of fructose and gluconate by A. brasiliense Sp7 and of
      glucose, gluconate, and fructose by A. lipoferum Sp59b was achieved through
      inducible enzymatic mechanisms. Both strains exhibited all of the enzymes of the
      Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway, and strain Sp59b also possesses all the enzymes
      of the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Fluoride inhibited growth on fructose (strains
      Sp7 and Sp59b) or on glucose (strain Sp59b) but not on malate. There was no
      activity via the oxidative hexose monophosphate pathway in either strain. There
      was greater activity with 1-phosphofructokinase than with 6-phosphofructokinase
      in both strains. Strain Sp59b formed fructose-6-phosphate via hexokinase, an
      enzyme that is lacking in strain Sp7. A. brasiliense and A. lipoferum exhibited
      the enzymes both of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and of the glyoxylate shunt;
      iodoacetate, fluoropyruvate, and malonate were inhibitory. A. brasiliense Sp7
      could not transport [14C]glucose and alpha-[14C]ketoglutarate into its cells.

PMID- 6588052
TI  - Rapid changes in bidirectional K+ fluxes preceding DMSO-induced granulocytic
      differentiation of HL-60 human leukemic cells.
AB  - When grown in medium containing 5 mM potassium and 140 mM sodium, HL-60, a human
      promyelocytic cell line, maintained a steady-state intracellular K+ concentration
      of 145 mmol/L cells and a steady-state intracellular Na+ concentration of 30
      mmol/L cells. Nearly 90% of the unidirectional 42K+ influx could be inhibited by
      the cardiac glycoside ouabain with a Ki of 5 X 10(-8) M. This ouabain-sensitive
      component of influx rose as a saturating function of the extracellular K+
      concentration with a K1/2 of 0.85 mM. The component of 42K+ influx resistant to
      ouabain inhibition was a linear function of the extracellular K+ concentration
      and was insensitive to inhibition by the diuretic furosemide. Unidirectional K+
      efflux followed first order kinetics with a half-time of 55 min. Addition of 1.5%
      dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to a culture of HL-60 cells allowed two population
      doublings followed by the cessation of growth without an impairment of cell
      viability. Beginning 2 to 3 days after DMSO addition, the cells underwent a
      dramatic reduction in volume (from 925 microns 3 to 500 microns 3) and began to
      take on the morphological features of mature granulocytes. Throughout this
      process of differentiation there was no change in the intracellular sodium or
      potassium concentration. However, immediately following the addition of DMSO to a
      culture of cells, there began an immediate, coordinated reduction in
      bidirectional K+ flux. The initial rate of the ouabain-sensitive component of K+
      influx fell with a half-time of 11 h to a final rate, at 6 days induction, equal
      to one ninth that of the uninduced control, and over the same period, the rate
      constant for K+ efflux fell with a half-time of 14 h to a final value one fourth
      that of the uninduced control. The rapidity with which these flux changes occur
      raises the possibility that they play some role in the control of subsequent
      events in the process of differentiation.

PMID- 6588053
TI  - Continuous extraction of urinary anthracycline antitumor antibiotics with the
      horizontal flow-through coil planet centrifuge.
AB  - Extraction of doxorubicin (adriamycin) and daunorubicin and their metabolites
      from human urine was attempted utilizing the horizontal flow-through coil planet
      centrifuge. Partition coefficients of the drugs for various combinations of non
      aqueous phases and aqueous salt solutions were determined. Optimal coefficients
      for adriamycin and daunorubicin were achieved with n-butanol-0.3 M disodium
      hydrogen phosphate. Extraction efficiencies of the drugs from human urine
      comparable to those obtained by standard resin column techniques could be
      realized by employing the n-butanol-urine (containing 0.3 M disodium hydrogen
      phosphate) system in the coil planet centrifuge, at flow-rates of 500-600 ml/h,
      and at 650 rpm revolutional speed. Small quantities of drugs and metabolites
      could be continuously concentrated into small volumes of the n-butanol phase from
      large volumes of salted urine. The versatility of the technique was demonstrated
      by its application to extraction of aclacinomycin A, a novel anthracycline
      antitumor agent, and its metabolites from human urine.

PMID- 6588054
TI  - HLA studies in acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with Kaposi's
      sarcoma.
AB  - To investigate the possible contribution of genetic susceptibility to Kaposi's
      sarcoma associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS-KS), 21
      patients were typed for HLA-A, B, C, and DR antigens. Significantly increased
      frequencies of HLA-Aw23, and HLA-Bw49 antigens were observed in the Caucasian
      AIDS-KS group. In this same group, the frequencies of HLA-DR5 and HLA-Bw44
      antigens were increased at the P less than 0.1 level. Increased frequencies of
      HLA-A29 and HLA-Cw4 antigens and a decreased frequency of HLA-B8 antigen were
      also noted, but with P greater than 0.1, in the Caucasian AIDS-KS group.

PMID- 6588055
TI  - Apical-basolateral membrane asymmetry in canine cortical collecting tubule cells.
      Bradykinin, arginine vasopressin, prostaglandin E2 interrelationships.
AB  - The studies reported here were designed to determine if there is an apical
      basolateral asymmetry to the release of prostaglandins by or to the biochemical
      effects of prostaglandins on the renal collecting tubule. Canine cortical
      collecting tubule (CCCT) cells were isolated by immunodissection and seeded at
      supraconfluent densities on Millipore filters. The resulting confluent monolayer
      of CCCT cells: (a) developed and maintained a transcellular potential difference
      of 1 mV (apical side negative); (b) exhibited a permeability to inulin that was
      the same as that obtained with similar monolayers of Madin-Darby canine kidney
      (MDCK) cells; and (c) released adenosine 3',5'-cyclicmonophosphate (cAMP) in
      response to arginine vasopressin (AVP) added to the basolateral but not the
      apical surface of the monolayer. These results indicate that confluent monolayers
      of CCCT cells on Millipore filters have characteristics of asymmetry that are
      seen with intact collecting tubules. Moreover, PGE2 added to either side of the
      CCCT cell monolayer crossed the monolayer at the same slow rate as inulin, which
      demonstrated the feasibility of examining the sidedness of the effects of and the
      release of PGE2. Although AVP caused cAMP release only when added to the
      basolateral side of CCCT cells, AVP caused the release of PGE2 when added to
      either the apical or basolateral surface. This result implies that there are at
      least two AVP receptor systems, one coupled to cAMP synthesis and one to PGE2
      formation. In contrast to the results observed with AVP, bradykinin caused PGE2
      release only when added to the apical surface of CCCT cells, which suggested that
      urinary but not blood borne kinins elicit PGE2 formation by the canine collecting
      tubule. PGE2 was released in comparable amounts on each side of the monolayer in
      response both to AVP and to bradykinin. High concentrations (greater than or
      equal to 10(-8) M) of PGE2 added to either side of the monolayer caused the
      release of cAMP. However, at concentrations (10(-10) - 10(-12) M) at which PGE2
      had no independent effect on cAMP release, PGE2 inhibited the release of cAMP,
      which normally occurred in response to AVP. This inhibition occurred with PGE2
      added to either the apical or basolateral surface of the CCCT cell monolayer.
      PGE2 (10(-11) M) also inhibited the AVP-induced accumulation of intracellular
      cAMP by CCCT cells seeded on culture dishes. This inhibition was only observed
      when the cells were preincubated with PGE2 for greater than or equal to 20 min.
      Our results are consistent with the concept that inhibiton by prostaglandins of
      the hydroosmotic effect of AVP is due to inhibition of AVP-induced cAMP
      production. This inhibition does not appear to involve a direct physical
      interaction of PGE2 with the AVP receptor which is coupled to adenylate cyclase,
      since CCCT cells must be preincubated with PGE2 for 20 min for the inhibition to
      be observed, and since PGE2 added to the apical surface of CCCT cells inhibits
      cAMP release in response to AVP acting from the basolateral surface.

PMID- 6588056
TI  - Children with Tourette syndrome: results of psychological tests given prior to
      drug treatment.
AB  - There have been several recent reports on the neuropsychological integrity of
      children and adults with Tourette syndrome (TS). However, the possible effects of
      tic-controlling medications on the test performance of subjects have not been
      thoroughly investigated, although drugs commonly used in the treatment of TS,
      such as haloperidol, have been shown to affect learning and behavior. In this
      study, 10 children diagnosed as having Gilles de la Tourette syndrome were
      individually administered a battery of psychological tests prior to starting drug
      treatment. Since a wide range of deficits and processing inefficiencies has been
      reported in association with the psychological functioning of children with
      Tourette's disorder, the test battery used was designed to include both measures
      of contemporary global functioning and measures designed to focus upon particular
      functional areas. Data analyses revealed a number of specific impairments in TS
      children relative to age-appropriate levels and levels of global functioning
      (i.e., IQ scores). The study revealed a number of graphomotor, nonmotor visual
      perceptual, and receptive verbal deficits. In addition, a high frequency (50%) of
      the sample manifested significant Verbal-Performance IQ discrepancies. Results of
      this study, on a population of nonmedicated TS children, substantiated and
      extended findings of several previous reports which identified a number of
      circumscribed weaknesses in the functioning of children with Tourette's disorder.

PMID- 6588057
TI  - Isotretinoin therapy is associated with early skeletal radiographic changes.
AB  - Eight patients with disorders of keratinization (six with ichthyosis, one with
      Darier's disease, and one with palmar-plantar keratoderma) were treated with
      isotretinoin for 9 months (1 patient) to 1 year (7 patients). The patients ranged
      from 5 to 26 years of age. The average isotretinoin dose was 2 mg/kg/day (range,
      1.0-2.9 mg/kg/day). Radiographic skeletal surveys were performed prior to
      therapy, and after 6 months and 1 year of therapy. After 1 year of isotretinoin
      treatment, six of the eight patients had small but unequivocal skeletal
      hyperostoses. Five of the patients had multiple hyperostoses. While only two
      patients were judged to have hyperostoses after 6 months of isotretinoin therapy
      during prospective evaluation, retrospective comparison with the radiographs
      obtained after 1 year revealed skeletal hyperostoses after 6 months of treatment
      in an additional three patients. Between 6 months and 1 year of therapy, some of
      the hyperostoses remained unchanged while others had progressed. In three
      patients, hyperostoses were seen at 12 months that were not detectable at 6
      months. Based on this prospective study of skeletal changes during isotretinoin
      therapy, we recommend that patients taking high doses of isotretinoin for long
      periods be monitored radiographically.

PMID- 6588058
TI  - Radiographic surveys.

PMID- 6588059
TI  - Likes article on PRR's.

PMID- 6588060
TI  - Third molars.

PMID- 6588061
TI  - Functional maintenance of arch-length.
AB  - This article discussed on overall concept of the etiology of arch-length loss,
      general indications and contraindications for Functional Space Maintenance and
      described in detail the methods for constructing a Fixed Functional Space
      Maintainer utilizing stainless steel crowns for abutments and pontics.

PMID- 6588062
TI  - Factors influencing tooth extraction in orthodontic borderline cases.

PMID- 6588063
TI  - The treatment of fusion of a maxillary central incisor and a supernumerary:
      report of a case.

PMID- 6588064
TI  - Primary dental arch characteristics of Mexican-American children.

PMID- 6588065
TI  - Distraction and contingent reinforcement with pediatric dental patients.

PMID- 6588066
TI  - Premedication with flunitrazepam, diazepam and placebo in the apprehensive child.

PMID- 6588067
TI  - Metastatic neuroblastoma to the jaws: report of two cases.

PMID- 6588069
TI  - Conscious sedation: an alternative to general anesthesia.
AB  - Conscious sedation, a drug-induced state in which the conscious patient is
      rendered free of anxiety and apprehension, may be a suitable alternative to
      general anesthesia when coupled with the judicious application of local
      anesthesia. In this manner both aspects of pain - perception and reaction - may
      be effectively controlled.

PMID- 6588068
TI  - The fetal alcohol syndrome.
AB  - Within the last ten years, scientists have rediscovered the devastating effects
      of alcohol on fetal development. Much remains to be learned about the cause and
      scope of the problem. Unlike genetic disorders, FAS is totally preventable. Our
      best weapons in combatting this important public health problem are: Early
      identification and treatment of women of childbearing age with alcohol problems;
      Prompt diagnosis and therapy of children with FAS; and, Early and increased
      public awareness.

PMID- 6588070
TI  - The formation and remineralization of artificial white spot lesions: a constant
      composition approach.
AB  - Artificial white spot lesions have been prepared on bovine enamel surfaces by the
      controlled addition of lactate buffer containing methylhydroxydiphosphonate ions.
      The rates of remineralization have been measured using a constant composition
      method in solutions of calcium phosphate of low supersaturation. Deposition of
      new hydroxyapatite solid phase takes place exclusively within the white spot
      lesion at a rate appreciably slower than that of an acid-etched enamel surface,
      probably due to the presence of methylhydroxydiphosphonate located within the
      intact surface region of the lesion.

PMID- 6588071
TI  - An analysis of the release and the diffusion through dentin of eugenol from zinc
      oxide-eugenol mixtures.
AB  - Tritium-labeled eugenol was released from mixtures of zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE)
      into aqueous solution at rates which declined exponentially with time, and which
      were directly proportional to the liquid-powder ratio. The release pattern was
      consistent with a model of progressive hydrolysis of zinc eugenolate in a limited
      thickness ZOE surface layer. Intervening dentin had a profound effect on this
      pattern of release. In human teeth in vitro containing ZOE as a base or temporary
      filling, peak eugenol release at the pulpal surface of dentin was of the order of
      a thousand-fold less than that at the salivary surface. In such teeth, eugenol
      reached concentrations in excess of 10(-2) M in dentin just beneath ZOE, and 10(
      4) M or less adjacent to the pulp space. Both pulpal outflow and dentin
      concentrations of eugenol remained relatively constant for more than a week,
      unlike release into aqueous solution. While these data were derived from studies
      on human teeth in vitro, they give a strong indication of probable events in
      vivo, and appear to provide a basis for the explanation of the paradox of the
      therapeutic and toxic actions of ZOE.

PMID- 6588072
TI  - Experimental osteo-fluorosis in the domestic pig: a histomorphometric study of
      vertebral trabecular bone.
AB  - The experiment aimed at describing effects of fluoride on structure and
      remodeling of vertebral trabecular bone in pigs. Eight animals receiving a
      supplement of 2 mg F-/kg b.w. per day from age eight to 14 mo were compared with
      eight controls. Plasma fluoride increased from 0.7 +/- 0.1 microM/1 to 12.7 +/-
      2.0 microM/1 in pigs receiving fluoride. At slaughter, the concentration of
      fluoride in dry fat-free bone was 149.3 +/- 10.5 mM/kg for fluorotic animals and
      9.5 +/- 0.9 mM/kg for controls. Morphologic changes were assessed in un
      decalcified specimens of the fourth lumbar vertebra by quantitative histology
      using fluorochromes as intra-vital tissue time markers. The volume of trabecular
      bone tissue (bone + marrow) was unchanged in fluorotic animals, but the volume
      density of bone was increased by 17%. Surface densities of cancellous bone were
      almost unchanged, whereas the thickness of trabeculae increased in fluorosis.
      Fluoride enhanced remodeling of trabecular surfaces: The fraction of surface
      occupied by resorption lacunae increased 40%, and the formative surface
      approximately 30%. No changes were demonstrated at surface points undergoing
      formation: Osteoid thickness, calcification rate, lamellar thickness, and
      completed wall thickness were normal. It is concluded that the observed findings
      cannot be explained by fluoride-induced changes in a single cell. Fluoride
      appears to affect all cells involved in remodeling by direct or indirect
      mechanisms.

PMID- 6588073
TI  - Inhibitory effect of inositol phosphates on parathyroid hormone-induced bone
      resorption in organ cultures.
AB  - This study investigates the ability of phytic acid, its inositol phosphate
      derivatives (inositol penta-, tetra-, tri-, di-, and monophosphate), and
      inorganic phosphate to inhibit parathyroid hormone (PTH)-induced resorption of
      fetal rat long bones in organ culture. Pregnant rats injected with 45Ca on the
      18th day of gestation were killed the next day and their fetuses removed. Half of
      each pair of dissected long bones was incubated in a chemically defined control
      medium, while the contralateral half was incubated in medium containing PTH or
      PTH plus the phosphate compound to be tested. 45Ca released into the medium was
      indicative of the amount of bone resorption. All phosphate compounds tested
      inhibited resorption. The inositol phosphates should be studied further to assess
      their suitability as therapeutic agents for treatment of metabolic bone diseases
      involving increased turnover.

PMID- 6588074
TI  - Effect of cheese, with and without sucrose, on dental caries and recovery of
      Streptococcus mutans in rats.
AB  - The objective of this study was to determine the effect of aged and young cheddar
      cheese with and without added sucrose on dental caries and the associated
      recovery of implanted Streptococcus mutans. Very little caries was observed in
      rats consuming cheese without sucrose. There was an increase in caries in rats
      fed cheeses with 20% sucrose, but this increase was not significant. There was
      significantly greater caries activity in rats fed standard diets containing 20%
      or 5% sucrose (SLS or MIT 305) than in rats fed cheeses containing 20% sucrose.
      Rats fed cheese or powdered diets containing sucrose had significantly higher
      frequency of recovery and higher levels of S. mutans infection than did rats fed
      cheese containing no sucrose. This study confirms the low cariogenic potential
      and possible cariostatic activity of cheddar cheese in rats. Since cheddar cheese
      with sucrose did not significantly interfere with S. mutans implantation, the
      cariostatic mechanism is apparently unrelated to a direct antimicrobial effect on
      S. mutans.

PMID- 6588075
TI  - Fluoride levels in dentin after iontophoresis of 2% NaF.
AB  - The fluoride in successive layers of dentin (from 3-6 micron were removed per
      etch) has been measured following topical or iontophoretic application of 2%
      aqueous sodium fluoride to coronal exposed dentin of freshly extracted human
      third molar teeth. The fluoride contents of the topical and iontophoresed first
      etches were, respectively, 12 and 22-31 times greater than that of control
      (untreated) teeth. Similarly, the fourth etches were 12 and 50-70 times greater,
      and the seventh (last sampled) etches were 5 and 28-41 times greater. There was
      no apparent change in acid solubility of the dentin as its fluoride content
      varied under the conditions of this study. This is the first report studying the
      fluoride content of extremely thin layers of dentin successively removed by acid
      etch and relating topical to iontophoretic uptake.

PMID- 6588076
TI  - Lipid peroxidation as a possible cause of benzoyl peroxide toxicity in rabbit
      dental pulp--a microsomal lipid peroxidation in vitro.
AB  - The toxicity of composite resin on rabbit dental pulp was investigated
      biochemically. A microsomal fraction of rabbit dental pulp was incubated with
      each of the components of composite resins, and the formation of peroxide was
      determined by the thiobarbituric acid reaction. Benzoyl peroxide (BPO), the most
      widely used catalyst, was the most effective on peroxidation, but monomers were
      not. Cations such as Cu2+ or Fe2+ were required for acceleration of this
      reaction. Authentic polyunsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids were
      extensively converted into their peroxides by BPO, but amino acids and
      carbohydrates were not. Among the active oxygens, hydroxyl radicals were thought
      to be responsible for BPO-dependent peroxidation. The results presented in this
      paper indicate that the lipid portion of the cells may be attacked by hydroxyl
      radicals produced by BPO and copper or iron. Therefore, BPO is considered to be
      the major factor responsible for the toxicity of composite resins.

PMID- 6588077
TI  - An in vitro method for making repeated pH measurements on human dental plaque.
AB  - A combination pH micro-electrode inserted into human plaque centrifuged to the
      base of a closely-fitting fine-mesh wire "basket" has been used to make
      continuous recordings of the pH responses produced by exposure to various
      carbohydrate substrates. The pH depressions given by continued immersion in sugar
      and starch solutions resemble, both in depth and duration, those obtained by
      telemetric pH measurements of approximal plaque samples. In contrast, brief
      exposure to sugar solutions will produce a Stephan type of pH curve. Measurements
      of pH can be made using a succession of different substrates if, after each
      substrate is tested, the electrode-plaque assembly is washed with water and its
      acidity neutralized in circulating saliva. It is suggested that this in vitro pH
      method could be used instead of the telemetric measurements of approximal plaque
      for comparing acid production from foods or for other purposes.

PMID- 6588078
TI  - Comparison of xeroradiographs and film for detection of periapical lesions.
AB  - Xeroradiographs and Kodak Ektaspeed film were compared with Kodak Ultraspeed film
      for their ability to reveal periapical lesions. Cadaver specimens containing
      teeth which were normal or demonstrated periapical inflammatory disease were used
      as the test objects. These specimens were first radiographed using
      xeroradiographic plates or film. Following radiography, histologic analysis
      revealed the true presence or absence of disease. Ten oral radiologists scored
      all xeroradiographic and film images of the specimens for the presence of
      periapical disease. In general, the observers detected about 70% of the cases
      with periapical disease, while simultaneously considering about 10 to 15% of the
      normal surfaces to be abnormal. Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis
      of the radiographic decisions revealed little difference in the diagnostic
      performance of the observers using the various image receptors, although both
      types of film and low-contrast xeroradiographs viewed in transmitted light were
      all more useful than low-contrast xeroradiographs viewed in reflected light. In
      terms of patient dose, both xeroradiographic images and Ektaspeed film are
      preferred over Ultraspeed film.

PMID- 6588079
TI  - In vivo and in vitro wear of potential posterior composites.
AB  - The influence of cavity size, material composition, and curing mechanism on wear
      resistance of Class II MOD resin restorations was analyzed quantitatively. Wear
      resistance tends to increase both as cavity size decreases, and also from
      chemical- to light- to heat-cured. As to wear, among the composite resins tested,
      there was no acceptable resin-based amalgam substitute.

PMID- 6588080
TI  - Microprobe analysis of three high-copper amalgams.
AB  - Three single-composition, high-copper amalgams were analyzed for the composition
      of their before- and after-reaction phases. The method used was electron probe
      microanalysis. The results may be summarized as follows: All alloys consist
      essentially of Ag3Sn (gamma), Cu3Sn (epsilon), and, in some cases, Ag4Sn (beta).
      When the original alloy contains higher amounts of Cu, more Cu is found in
      solution in the Ag3Sn (gamma) and Ag4Sn (beta) phases. The reaction phases in
      amalgams made from these alloys consist essentially of Ag22Sn Hg27(gamma 1) and
      Cu6Sn5 (eta'), with no detectable Sn8Hg (gamma 2). When In is present, it is
      found principally in the Ag3Sn (gamma) and Ag22Sn Hg27(gamma 1) phases, and both
      the gamma and gamma 1 phases are of different composition than that for the other
      alloys. When Pd is present, it is found principally in the Cu3Sn (epsilon),
      Cu6Sn5 (eta'), and Ag22Sn Hg27(gamma 1) phases.

PMID- 6588081
TI  - Tarnishing and structures of some annealed dental low-gold alloys.
AB  - Tarnishing of low-gold alloys in a Tuccillo-Nielsen test with 2% Na2S is avoided
      when a single-phase structure is present as compared with multi-phase structures,
      unless the Ag content of the single-phased alloys is high. In all multi-phase
      structures, only the Ag-rich phase is attacked. The possibility of annealing
      alloys to a single-phase structure decreases with the reduction of Au content and
      with increasing amounts of Pd and Zn, which tend to follow the Cu-rich phase. In
      static polarization testing of single-phase materials in weak sulphide solutions,
      the Ag-rich alloys display considerably higher anodic current densities (5-10
      microA/cm2) than do the Cu-rich low-gold and high-gold alloys (1 microA/cm2). No
      significant differences between the alloys were observed with respect to cathodic
      currents.

PMID- 6588082
TI  - Masking power of dental opaque porcelains.
AB  - A technique was developed to qualify the masking power of undiluted opaque dental
      porcelain by dilution of opaque powder with a clear glaze powder and by
      extrapolation of quantitative data gathered by reflectance spectrophotometry.
      Quantification of reflectance data was made on dilute opaque porcelains using the
      scattering and absorption coefficients in the Kubelka-Munk equation. Qualitative
      comparisons of undiluted opaque porcelains were made from quantitative data
      gathered from diluted opaque porcelains.

PMID- 6588083
TI  - Microbiological assessment of dental plaque on bovine enamel implants worn intra
      orally in children.
AB  - Nine caries-active children, each from six to nine years old, wore small
      removable enamel implants intra-orally for four weeks as part of an effort to
      develop removable model systems for studying dental plaque in fissures. The
      implants, consisting of two enamel cubes arranged to simulate a fissural space,
      were cemented in box preparations in stainless steel crowns on pulpotomized
      primary molars. Upon removal, the fissural spaces were opened to facilitate
      plaque harvesting. The plaque samples were cultured, and enamel decalcification
      of the plaque-exposed surfaces was measured. Quantitative microbial values were
      compared with those of natural fissure plaque samples from both caries-active
      (CA) and caries-and restoration-free (CF) children, also from six to nine years
      old. Streptococcus mutans and S. sanguis levels of fissural insert plaque (FI)
      and natural fissural plaque from (CA) were similar. Both contained higher S.
      mutans levels than did plaque from (CF). FI harbored higher concentrations of
      Lactobacillus and Actinomyces species and lower concentrations of Neisseria
      species. Otherwise, FI plaque resembled natural fissure plaque. Microhardness of
      FI plaque-exposed enamel decreased significantly compared with pre-experimental
      values and showed a significant negative correlation with values for total
      lactobacilli on selective media, and for S. mutans on non-selective media.

PMID- 6588084
TI  - Acceleration of corrosion of dental amalgam by abrasion.
AB  - Dental amalgam shows passive behavior, but the protective film can be destroyed
      by abrasion. In this study, specimens of both low- and high-copper amalgam were
      abraded, and the effect on the corrosion behavior was examined. The
      electrochemical measurements showed that the corrosion rate was substantially
      increased, and that re-passivation was relatively slow.

PMID- 6588085
TI  - Tarnish and corrosion of a commercial dental Ag-Pd-Cu-Au casting alloy.
AB  - The correlation between microstructure, tarnish, and corrosion behavior of a
      commercial dental Ag-Pd-Cu-Au casting alloy after various heat treatments was
      studied. The attacked structural components were identified by comparing SEM
      micrographs with light optical micrographs taken after exposure of the alloy to a
      2% Na2S solution and after dynamic polarization in de-aerated artificial saliva.
      The characteristic dynamic polarization curves for the alloy after the heat
      treatments were established. The results were verified by analogous testing of
      two experimental alloys with compositions similar to those of the analyzed
      components in the commercial alloy annealed at 600 degrees C for seven wk. The
      matrix of the commercial alloy was decomposed, according to the heat treatments,
      into varying proportions of a tarnish- and corrosion-resistant Cu- and Pd-rich
      component (A) and a nonresistant Ag-rich component (B). The presence of A
      considerably increased the tarnish rate of B, due to galvanic coupling. Age
      hardening of the alloy increased the proportion of the tarnish- and corrosion
      prone component B.

PMID- 6588087
TI  - Transitions.

PMID- 6588086
TI  - Dental research--more or less.

PMID- 6588088
TI  - The National Institute of Dental Research--dreams and realities.

PMID- 6588089
TI  - Nerve regeneration through collagen tubes.
AB  - Severe nerve injuries may require microsurgical grafting to span a defect.
      Introduction of graft material into a highly vascular recipient bed is documented
      to aid in early regeneration of neuronal blood supply. A silicone rod (SR)
      induced fibrovascular sheath was employed to evaluate the regeneration of rat
      tibial nerve through 2-mm-diameter collagen tubes (CT) or contralateral nerve
      autografts (AUTO). At first operation, 5 mm of right tibial nerve was resected
      from 30 retired male breeder Sprague-Dawley rats. Resected nerve was replaced
      with either a 5 X 2 mm SR or the nerve ends were sutured to the intermuscular
      fascia. Four weeks later, animals were repaired by replacing the SR with either a
      CT or a contralateral AUTO from the left tibial nerve. Three months later, EMG
      testing was performed, and histologic sections were prepared. The EMG latency and
      the size of the compound action potential for sheathed or non-sheathed CT or AUTO
      were statistically superior to controls at the 95% confidence level. All other
      intergroup comparisons of latency and action potential size were statistically
      insignificant. The proportion of nerve fibers traversing the surgical sites was
      not influenced by the method of repair or by the presence or absence of
      sheathing. Tubulized repairs most closely resembled unoperated nerves, and
      autografted repairs had a large diameter, but much fibrosis, whereas controls
      displayed immaturity and disorganization. Our observations suggest that there was
      no difference between repairs performed with or without a vascular pseudosheath.
      However, CT supported regeneration better than did AUTO repair.

PMID- 6588090
TI  - Effect of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan on the permeability of oral
      mucosa.
AB  - Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) are the volatile sulfur
      compounds (VSC) that were investigated for a possible role in the etiology of
      periodontal disease. The results show that the permeability of porcine non
      keratinized sublingual mucosa is increased by up to 75% or 103% following
      exposure to H2S and CH3SH, respectively. The effect may be attributed to VSC
      reaction with tissue components resulting in alteration in the integrity of the
      tissue barrier. The increase in permeability of the mucosa to [35S]-Na2SO4 was
      dependent on both the time of exposure and concentration of VSC in the head
      space. The [35S]-H2S was retained by the mucosal tissue and was able to penetrate
      the intact layers consisting of non-keratinized epithelium, basal membrane, and
      connective tissue. Treatment of the mucosa with 0.22% ZnCl2, either prior to or
      after exposure to CH3SH, nullified the effect of CH3SH and restored the
      permeability to a state similar to that observed in control 95% air/5% CO2
      systems.

PMID- 6588091
TI  - Commitment to oral biology: prescription for a new age in dental education.
AB  - Oral biology is a legitimate biomedical discipline of fundamental importance to
      dental education, but its incorporation into undergraduate dental education is
      proceeding too slowly, especially considering the changing conditions of dental
      practice. Widespread adoption of oral biology into dental curricula will enhance
      the biological orientation of dental students, and graduate education in oral
      biology can play a significant role in training dental researchers and
      academicians. Advances in the field of oral biology and the potential broadening
      of its role have been overlooked or downplayed by some dental educators, making
      it something of an issue in the U.S. dental community. Resolving this issue will
      depend on several relatively independent events: (1) some relief from, or an
      adaptation to, the present situational pressures on dental education; (2) a well
      informed pro-oral biology position from dental education's national leaders; (3)
      improved efforts by oral biologists to communicate the importance of their field;
      and (4) an understanding of this issue by the dental community with an organized
      effort to bring oral biology into the mainstream of dental education as it
      changes to meet new needs.

PMID- 6588092
TI  - Uses and content of a research protocol.

PMID- 6588093
TI  - Dental hygiene students' future orientation and perceptions of old age and of
      older persons.
AB  - The future orientation that health care providers have toward old age has been
      proposed as one factor that contributes to unfavorable perceptions of older
      patients. Two samples of students from a dental hygiene program (n1 = 145; n2 =
      100) were questioned about their general attitudes toward older people, older
      people as patients, their own future, the future for older adults, and about
      their social/familial contact with the elderly. Discriminant function analysis
      supported the importance of both views of the future and social/familial
      background for general attitudes and perceptions of patients.

PMID- 6588095
TI  - Curricular guidelines on biochemistry and nutrition for dental hygienists.

PMID- 6588094
TI  - Masculine and feminine personality attributes of dental students and their
      attitudes toward women's roles in society.
AB  - Egalitarian attitudes and the personality traits of instrumentality (masculinity)
      and expressiveness (femininity) were examined for 314 male and 71 female dental
      students. Women dental students hold far more egalitarian views toward women's
      roles than a norm group of women college students, who are somewhat more liberal
      than male dental students. Female dental students are also more instrumental than
      college women, though somewhat less instrumental than male dental students. Male
      and female dental students did not differ on expressiveness, though both were
      less expressive than college women. A comparison of dental students with academic
      psychologists suggests that successful professionals have similar personality
      traits regardless of gender.

PMID- 6588096
TI  - Sources of financial aid for dental students.

PMID- 6588097
TI  - Is comprehensive care the key to excellence in dental education? Third Conference
      on Comprehensive Care in Clinical Dental Education, June 19-22, 1983.

PMID- 6588098
TI  - Comprehensive dental care. Treatment planning and management.

PMID- 6588099
TI  - Comprehensive dental care. Educational goals versus patient needs.

PMID- 6588100
TI  - Comprehensive dental care. Faculty for comprehensive care programs.

PMID- 6588101
TI  - The challenge of a total patient care system in dental education: the University
      of North Carolina experience.
AB  - Since its introduction, the UNC total patient care system has undergone an
      interesting evolution. In response to current reviews the system is preparing for
      innovations designed to enhance the delivery of care and maximize the student
      educational experience within the context of available resources. We hope these
      principles will serve as guidelines for future modifications.

PMID- 6588102
TI  - A template for change.

PMID- 6588103
TI  - Marquette University's extramural clinical program.

PMID- 6588105
TI  - Comprehensive dental care: objectives, management, and financial impact.

PMID- 6588104
TI  - Operating outpatient clinics in 1990.

PMID- 6588106
TI  - The group treatment of bulimia.

PMID- 6588107
TI  - Sealant statements.

PMID- 6588108
TI  - More on MORA.

PMID- 6588109
TI  - Clicking and grinding.

PMID- 6588110
TI  - TMJ + MPD?

PMID- 6588111
TI  - N20 and chemically dependent patients.

PMID- 6588112
TI  - Denture marking.

PMID- 6588113
TI  - Diabetic retinopathy.

PMID- 6588114
TI  - Patience with local anesthesia.

PMID- 6588115
TI  - Decision 84: ADA's proposed paid public education program.

PMID- 6588116
TI  - Diets for caries control.

PMID- 6588117
TI  - Comparison of xeroradiographs and film for detection of proximal surface caries.

PMID- 6588118
TI  - Dentists and blood pressure measurement: a survey of attitudes and practice.

PMID- 6588119
TI  - Calcium hydroxide pulpotomy for primary teeth: a clinical study.
AB  - Calcium hydroxide pulpotomies were performed in 17 carious primary mandibular
      molars. Variables in the pulpotomy procedure were recognized and controlled in an
      attempt to obtain a more favorable result or end product. The effects of two
      methods of hemorrhage control were also evaluated. The duration of treatment for
      the study ranged from three to nine months. Treatment was clinically successful
      for all 17 teeth. The radiographic evaluations were more favorable for the
      experimental group than for the control group. Treatment was radiographically
      successful for 15 teeth, questionable for one tooth, and unsuccessful for one
      other tooth. The results of this study suggest that the aluminum chloride-calcium
      hydroxide pulpotomy may be a viable alternative to formocresol pulpotomies in the
      primary dentition. Although these findings encourage continued research,
      including a long-term follow-up, a histologic study is indicated.

PMID- 6588120
TI  - Use of orally administered diazepam in the reduction of dental anxiety.
AB  - A double-blind randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of orally
      administered diazepam in reducing dental anxiety was conducted. Forty-one
      subjects were assigned to a diazepam or placebo group and tested, using the
      Dental Fear Survey and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Diazepam was effective in
      reducing anxiety scores but not dental fear scores.

PMID- 6588121
TI  - Control of a rubella outbreak in a dental school population.
AB  - This study traces the development of a rubella outbreak; 16 clinical and one sub
      clinical case were detected. Overall, the incidence of infection was higher for
      males than females. Susceptibility rates determined by the absence of primarily
      IgG antibodies indicated that class association, social contact, and preexisting
      susceptibility patterns influenced the differences in attack rates seen among the
      classes. In spite of a higher susceptibility caused in part by the number of
      foreign students enrolled, no infections occurred in the graduate student
      population. Concern for the spread of rubella to susceptible students and
      personnel within the dental school, among adjunct dental assistant and hygiene
      programs and others at the adjacent medical school and hospitals, led to a
      comprehensive immunization policy. All dental and medical personnel, regardless
      of clinical contact, must present proof of immunity or be immunized.

PMID- 6588122
TI  - Improving the dental office environment for the older patient.
AB  - An awareness of some of the physiologic changes associated with the aging process
      have been described. The dental office physical and human environment capability
      for treating the older patient can be enhanced by using some of the adaptive
      techniques discussed. Consideration demonstrated to the elderly patient reflects
      favorably on both the profession of dentistry and the individual dental office.

PMID- 6588123
TI  - Annual report of membership in the American Dental Association: January 1984.
      Data Processing Department.

PMID- 6588124
TI  - Prevention in the dental office: results of a preventive dentistry survey.
      American Dental Association Health Foundation.

PMID- 6588125
TI  - Results of the 1983 Access Program Survey. Council on Dental Health and Health
      Planning Bureau of Economic and Behavioral Research.

PMID- 6588126
TI  - Draining fistulas associated with an endodontically treated tooth.
AB  - A case of periapical actinomycosis is presented. Although apparently uncommon,
      actinomycosis should be considered when a chronic periapical lesion, often in the
      maxilla, is associated with an endodontically treated tooth or a previous history
      of trauma. Histologic examination of the tissue or the presence of "sulfur
      granules" in the exudate will usually establish the diagnosis. Treatment consists
      of local curettage and antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 6588127
TI  - EEG abnormalities in Tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6588128
TI  - Age and sex differences in somatic complaints associated with depression.
AB  - Following the procedure used by Zemore and Eames (1979) with the Beck Depression
      Inventory, the 20 items of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale were categorized
      as either somatic or psychological symptoms of depression. Scores of 179 college
      students and 462 community-dwelling older adults revealed significant, though
      small, age differences in somatic complaints. Somatic complaints were especially
      prominent in older women. Age differences in psychological symptoms of depression
      were not significant. Diagnosis of depression in later life, especially in women,
      may be confounded by the use of physical symptoms of depression that are
      comparable to physical changes that accompany the aging process.

PMID- 6588130
TI  - Interferon fever: absence of human leukocytic pyrogen response to recombinant
      alpha-interferon.
AB  - A sensitive in vitro assay for generation of human leukocytic pyrogen has been
      used to study the pathogenesis of fever accompanying administration of human
      alpha-interferon. Unlike other potent pyrogens, two recombinant interferon
      preparations tested over a wide concentration range did not stimulate release of
      leukocytic pyrogen. This result suggests that interferon may cause fever by a
      novel mechanism not dependent on leukocytic pyrogen.

PMID- 6588129
TI  - The distribution of six enzymes of oxidative metabolism along the rat nephron.
AB  - Using quantitative methods, citrate synthase (CS), fumarase, beta-hydroxyacyl
      coenzyme A (CoA) dehydrogenase (beta OAC), 3-keto-acid CoA transferase (KCT),
      malic dehydrogenase (MDH), and malic enzyme were measured in seven defined parts
      of the nephron and in thin limb and papilla areas dissected from freeze-dried
      microtome sections of rat kidney. The results not only show a wide range of
      activity along the nephron for each of the enzymes, but that the proportions
      between the enzymes vary markedly among the different parts of the nephron. This
      suggests the existence of major regional differences in the capacity to oxidize
      specific metabolites. The ratio between two citrate cycle enzymes, fumarase and
      CS, was 4- or 5-fold higher in proximal segments than in the glomerulus or thin
      limb areas. The ratio between beta OAC (an enzyme of fatty acid oxidation) and CS
      was 3- to 5-fold higher in the middle proximal segments than in glomeruli or thin
      limb and papilla areas. The key enzyme for ketone body metabolism, KCT, was
      essentially confined to the thick tubule segments. Malic enzyme, in contrast to
      the other five enzymes, was highest in the proximal straight segments. New
      methods, sufficiently sensitive for this histochemical study, are described for
      malic enzyme and 3-keto-acid CoA transferase.

PMID- 6588131
TI  - Suppression of the in vitro specific antibody response by 12-O
      tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in the mouse.
AB  - The tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), has several
      effects on the immune system. The effect of TPA on the in vitro antibody response
      to sheep red blood cells (sRBC) was studied. Spleen cells treated in vitro with
      TPA resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of the IgM antibody forming cell
      (AFC) response with an IC50 of 0.74 nM. Nontumor promoting analogs at
      concentrations up to 1000 nM had no effect on this system. 2-Mercaptoethanol
      (2ME), which is known to augment macrophage function in this assay, did not
      reverse the inhibition. Spleen cells were separated into plastic adherent cells
      (ADC) and nonadherent cells (NAC). When NAC were treated with TPA and cultured
      with untreated ADC, the inhibition was seen. However, treating the ADC alone did
      not result in an inhibition. These results show that TPA will suppress the in
      vitro antibody response in the mouse and that the suppression is due to a
      selective effect on the plastic nonadherent cell population. The study of these
      effects of TPA may allow us to gain insight into the mechanism of its tumor
      promoting activity and to use it as a tool to study the modulation of the immune
      system.

PMID- 6588132
TI  - Reticuloendothelial system response to hyperlipidemia in rhesus and cynomolgus
      monkeys.
AB  - A detailed study of the effect of various periods of hyperlipidemia on the
      reticuloendothelial system (RES) lipid accumulation in rhesus and cynomolgus
      monkeys was conducted. The cynomolgus serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels
      were on the average more elevated than the rhesus levels throughout a 12-month
      period when both species were fed a diet containing 12.5% coconut oil, 12.5%
      butter fat, and 2% cholesterol. After cynomolgus monkeys were fed this diet,
      their reticuloendothelial system became more lipid laden than that of the rhesus
      monkeys, in both the liver and the spleen. This was also true for the circulating
      monocytes. Furthermore, the parenchymal cells of the cynomolgus livers also
      become more fat filled, and chemical analyses demonstrated more cholesterol
      (total, free, and esterified) and triglycerides in the liver and the spleen.
      Xanthomata development in the cynomolgus, although similar in type and
      distribution, was more extensive than that in the rhesus monkey after similar
      periods of experimental diet feeding. Therefore, the RES of two species of
      macaque monkeys are affected differently when challenged with the same high fat,
      high cholesterol diet, with the cynomolgus RES being much more involved with
      lipid and cholesterol storage than the rhesus RES.

PMID- 6588133
TI  - The nifH and nifDK promoter regions from Rhizobium japonicum share structural
      homologies with each other and with nitrogen-regulated promoters from other
      organisms.
AB  - In several species of Rhizobium the three genes which encode the nitrogenase
      complex are separated into two operons, nifH and nifDK. We have mapped the
      transcriptional promoter sites for these two operons from R. japonicum USDA
      strain 110 by S1 protection analyses using bacterial RNA isolated from soybean
      nodules. Transcription of the nifDK operon is initiated at a site located 46
      nucleotides upstream of the proposed translation initiation codon. nifH
      transcription initiates predominantly at a site 152 nucleotides upstream of the
      proposed translation initiation codon. An additional minor start for nifH is
      found 35 nucleotides downstream of the major initiation site. The nucleotide
      sequences of these promoter sites are presented. Comparison of the major R.
      japonicum nif promoter sequences reveals a high degree of sequence homology with
      the conserved sequences clustered in the -11 to -15, -21 to -25, -27 to -31, and 
      38 to -41 regions. Conservation is also observed for the -11 to -15 and -21 to 
      25 regions with the R. meliloti nifHDK, a cowpea Rhizobium nifH, and even
      Klebsiella pneumoniae nif promoters. The -27 to -31 and -38 to -42 region
      homologies are not conserved with the other known nif promoters. These results
      are discussed in light of models for nif promoter activation.

PMID- 6588135
TI  - The response of the maximal QRS vector to exercise in patients with coronary
      artery disease.

PMID- 6588134
TI  - Eosinophilic differentiation of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL
      60.
AB  - HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells differentiated to eosinophils and eosinophilic
      precursors when cultured under mildly alkaline conditions (pH 7.6-7.8) for 7 d
      without refeeding. New cytoplasmic granules appeared blue in the least mature
      cells and red in the most mature cells when stained with Wright-Giemsa. The
      granules also stained with Luxol-fast-blue, a characteristic of eosinophil
      granules. Furthermore, most cells contained the eosinophil major basic protein
      (MBP); the Charcot-Leyden Crystal (CLC) protein (lysophospholipase), eosinophil
      peroxidase, acid phosphatase, and arylsulfatase were also detected in a portion
      of these cells. The eosinophil major basic protein was found in a high proportion
      of undifferentiated cells, and thus may be constituitively produced. By examining
      finely banded chromosomes, translocation break points were demonstrated at q22 on
      one chromosome 16 and at q23 on the other homologue; abnormalities in this region
      of the long arm of 16 are a characteristic finding in the recently described
      syndrome of acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL) with abnormal bone marrow
      eosinophils. In common with the bone marrow eosinophils in these patients, the HL
      60 eosinophil granules contained chloroacetate esterase and periodic-acid Schiff
      (PAS) reactive material; crystalloid inclusions were rare. Therefore, the HL-60
      cell line appears to be an in vitro model for eosinophilopoiesis and may be
      specially suited for the study of the abnormal eosinophils seen in certain
      malignant conditions.

PMID- 6588136
TI  - Dissecting aortic aneurysm diagnosed by computed tomography: experience of 37
      cases.

PMID- 6588137
TI  - [R factor in urinary tract infection].

PMID- 6588138
TI  - Mechanical ventilation in intensive care units.

PMID- 6588139
TI  - Systemic lupus erythematosus in pregnancy.

PMID- 6588140
TI  - Twenty-four hour esophageal pH monitoring in normal infants.

PMID- 6588141
TI  - Tolazoline therapy in newborns with persistent pulmonary hypertension.

PMID- 6588142
TI  - An epidemiologic study of upper extremity injury in tennis players with a
      particular reference to tennis elbow.

PMID- 6588143
TI  - Review of gross anatomy of the Chinese knee.

PMID- 6588144
TI  - [Membranous obstruction of inferior vena cava with cyanosis and clubbed fingers].

PMID- 6588145
TI  - Regional and subcellular distribution of cyanide metabolizing enzymes in the
      central nervous system.
AB  - Activities of cyanide metabolizing enzymes were measured in various subcellular
      fractions and regions in the central nervous system. Brain rhodanese and liver
      beta-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase showed a slight decrease in activity
      after death. The activity of beta-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase was
      negligible in the rat brain, compared with that of rhodanese. A small amount of
      thiocyanate was produced from cyanide and beta-mercaptopyruvate in the human
      brain, probably due to contamination with red blood cells. Rhodanese activity was
      widely distributed in all the areas of nervous tissue examined. In the rat the
      olfactory bulb showed the highest rhodanese activity, and high activity was also
      observed served in the thalamus, septum, hippocampus, and dorsal part of the
      midbrain. Rhodanese activity was low in various parts of the cerebral cortex. The
      distribution pattern of rhodanese in post-mortem human brain was essentially
      similar to that in rat brain. The thalamus, amygdala, centrum semiovale,
      colliculus superior, and cerebellar cortex showed high rhodanese activity in the
      human brain. Rhodanese activity was detected in the spinal cord. Anterior horn
      showed the highest rhodanese activity in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar cord.
      Most rhodanese activity in the rat brain was recovered in the mitochondrial
      fraction with the highest specific activity. Rhodanese activity was lower in
      spinal cords obtained from autopsied cases with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
      than in those of control subjects. A significant decrease in rhodanese was
      observed in the posterior column of the cervical or thoracic cord, but the
      activity in the anterior horn did not differ significantly between the two
      groups.

PMID- 6588147
TI  - Gallium-67 imaging in muscular sarcoidosis.
AB  - A case is presented of sarcoid myopathy in which radiogallium was seen to
      accumulate in the sites of muscle involvement. Uptake of the radiotracer
      disappeared following institution of corticosteroid therapy. The exceptional
      nature of this case contrasts with the high frequency of biopsy evidence of
      sarcoid muscle disease but is consistent with the rarity of clinical evidence of
      sarcoid granulomas in muscle. Gallium-67 imaging can be used to determine the
      extent of muscle involvement and, through evaluation of uptake intensity, the
      degree of disease activity before and after treatment.

PMID- 6588146
TI  - Strong association of HLA BW46 with juvenile onset myasthenia gravis in Hong Kong
      Chinese.
AB  - The HLA antigen distribution and thyroid autoantibody status of 27 Chinese
      children in Hong Kong with juvenile onset myasthenia gravis have been compared
      with 110 healthy university students from the same population. Twenty-four of the
      patients had ocular myasthenia. There was a significantly increased prevalence of
      HLA BW46 in the patients compared with controls (67% vs 26.4%, p less than 0.005)
      indicating that BW46 confers a relative risk of 5.6 for juvenile onset myasthenia
      gravis in Chinese children. The increased prevalence of BW46 was not associated
      with thyroid autoimmunity in the patients although the antigen is known to be
      associated with thyrotoxicosis in Chinese. The possibility that BW46 confers
      protection against the development of acetyl-choline receptor antibodies in
      Chinese patients is discussed. One patient had the Caucasian antigen B8 and the
      question whether defective immune response genes were introduced into the Chinese
      through Caucasian admixture is raised.

PMID- 6588148
TI  - Non-inductive epithelial odontogenic tumors: clinico-pathologic study of 48
      cases.

PMID- 6588149
TI  - Osteogenesis imperfecta congenita: dental features of a rare disease.

PMID- 6588150
TI  - Proceedings of the American Academy of Oral Medicine: vital signs. Special
      Committee for Clinical Investigation--report no. 2.

PMID- 6588151
TI  - A clinico-pathological study of intraoral lymphoepithelial cysts.

PMID- 6588152
TI  - Intraoral minor salivary gland sialolithiasis.

PMID- 6588153
TI  - Benign focal melanotic lesions of the oral mucosa.

PMID- 6588154
TI  - Microsurgical reconstruction of the lingual nerve.
AB  - The surgical anatomy and common causes of lingual nerve damage are reviewed.
      Surgical indications for decompression, neurorrhaphy, and nerve grafting are
      discussed based on the review of 18 cases.

PMID- 6588155
TI  - A multicenter retrospective review of the mandibular staple bone plate.
AB  - The mandibular staple bone plate, herein referred to as the staple, has been used
      as a reconstructive device to improve mandibular function for more than a decade.
      This report presents the clinical and radiographic findings of a retrospective
      survey of 160 patients from three separate practices over an eight-year period
      (1975-1983). The criteria established at the 1978 NIH-Harvard Consensus
      Development Conference on Dental Implants were used to evaluate results. The
      study also evaluates experiences with other procedures used in conjunction with
      the staple.

PMID- 6588156
TI  - Psychological factors in adjustment to orthognathic surgery.
AB  - The psychological adjustment of 30 orthognathic surgery patients was evaluated
      before and on three occasions after surgery. Results of preoperative testing
      showed the group to be well adjusted, and there were no major changes in
      psychological functioning as a result of surgery. Motivation for surgery included
      both functional and esthetic goals, and the majority of patients were satisfied
      with the results of surgery. The patient's perception of the surgeon was
      significantly related to pre- and postoperative adjustment. Two of the measures
      used, the Health Opinion Survey and the Impact Message Inventory, have potential
      as brief early screening devices to identify patients who may experience problems
      in psychological adjustment to orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6588157
TI  - Responses of periodontal tissues and cementum following transplantation of teeth.
AB  - Responses of periodontal tissues, particularly cementum, were assessed
      histologically in teeth which had been transplanted after root formation was
      moderately well advanced. When the epithelial root sheath persisted, it was
      associated with continued root formation. In instances where the sheath
      disintegrated prematurely, either as a consequence of the surgery or of
      functional factors such as occlusal forces, normal root formation did not
      proceed, but there was rapid and extensive production of cellular cementum
      apically and along the root of the tooth. A zone of imperfect cementum formation
      was frequently seen between the preoperative cementum and that which developed
      postoperatively. Dilaceration of the tip of the root, with subsequent envelopment
      in a bulbous mass of cementum, commonly resulted.

PMID- 6588158
TI  - Breast carcinoma metastatic to the maxillary gingiva.

PMID- 6588159
TI  - Blunt carotid artery trauma associated with maxillofacial injuries: report of
      three cases.

PMID- 6588160
TI  - Subclinical multiple myeloma.

PMID- 6588161
TI  - Renal cell carcinoma metastasis to the hard palate.
AB  - A case of histologically proven renal cell carcinoma metastasis to the hard
      palate is presented. The role of cerebral angiography and computed tomography
      during the diagnostic evaluation of the patient is described. Due to the highly
      vascular nature of the tumor and the overall poor prognosis, cryotherapy was used
      for palliative treatment.

PMID- 6588162
TI  - Facilitation of nasoendotracheal intubation using an endotracheal tube
      introducer.

PMID- 6588163
TI  - A distinction with a difference.

PMID- 6588164
TI  - Proper use of lag screws for internal fixation.

PMID- 6588165
TI  - To market, to market...

PMID- 6588166
TI  - Experimental study of muscle reattachment following surgical detachment.
AB  - The process of muscle reattachment was studied in rhesus monkeys using
      electromyographic and histologic techniques. The attachments of the temporal
      muscle were exposed on both sides and the muscle was detached from its origin on
      the right side in ten rhesus monkeys. EMG activity was recorded by fine wires
      placed intramuscularly within the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the
      muscles before and after detachment. The control EMG activity recorded in the
      attached muscle showed a wide range of values, and there were no clear trends.
      Following detachment the range of values was also wide, and the differences in
      activity between the detached muscle and the contralateral attached muscle were
      not outside the range of difference normally observed between right and left
      sides. EMG activity was greater before detachment in 31.2% of the recordings and
      was greater after detachment in 29.4% of the recordings. Biopsies of bone and
      muscle were taken from normal attachment sites on the left sides and also from
      the right sides following detachment at one, two, three, four, six, and eight
      weeks and examined by light microscopy. New bone spicules were seen developing
      from the surface of the bone after two weeks that were oriented in the direction
      of the muscle fibers. The reattachment process is one in which new bone is formed
      on the surface of the bone and develops toward the end of the muscle to envelop
      the reorganizing tendon. Bone formation occurring on the surface of bones at the
      ends of muscles is not dependent on tension or viscoelastic properties of the
      muscle.

PMID- 6588167
TI  - An experimental and clinical study of osseointegrated implants penetrating the
      nasal cavity and maxillary sinus.
AB  - Implants were inserted in the upper jaw of three dogs in such a way that they
      penetrated the bone wall of the nasal cavity. The dogs were killed one year
      later, and the hard and soft tissues around the penetrating implants were
      analyzed. Radiographic and histologic examinations did not show any signs of
      adverse tissue reaction. The implants were all integrated in bone without fibrous
      tissue formation in the interface. A total of 139 implants, which pierced the
      bone of the sinus or nasal cavity, were inserted in the upper jaws of 101
      patients. Forty-four sinus- and 47 nasal-penetrating implants were observed for
      five to ten years. The success rates were 70% and 72%, respectively. For 25 sinus
      and 23 nasal-penetrating implants that were observed for two to five years, the
      success rates were 88% and 96%, respectively. The implant losses in nearly all
      clinical cases occurred during the first two years of function.

PMID- 6588168
TI  - Psychologic changes in orthognathic surgery patients: a 24-month follow up.
AB  - This report describes the final, two-year follow up in a longitudinal study of 74
      patients who underwent orthognathic surgery for developmental deformities. Data
      for all six measurement periods were available for 46 patients. Complaints of
      functional problems decreased significantly from before surgery to 24 months
      after, although 49% of the patients continued to report lip paresthesia. The
      incidence of postsurgical problems had no effect on the satisfaction expressed
      with surgical outcomes, which remained high throughout the postoperative course.
      Self-esteem appeared to rise in anticipation of surgery, only to decline
      significantly at nine months after surgery, to rise again by 24 months (but not
      as high as before surgery). In some components, self-esteem remained
      significantly lower after surgery than before. Body image also showed a decline
      at nine months, although overall body image and profile image 20-26 months after
      surgery were significantly more positive than before surgery. These results point
      to the importance of continued contact with orthognathic surgery patients by
      surgeons and orthodontists for at least two years after surgery, particular
      attention being paid to the intermediate stages (six to 12 months) after surgery.
      This period of psychologic upheaval appears to be related to the patient's desire
      to complete postsurgical orthodontics.

PMID- 6588169
TI  - Traumatic myositis ossificans in the masseter muscle.
AB  - Traumatic myositis ossificans in the left masseter muscle of a 25-year-old man is
      described. The lesion, which extended intramuscularly from the lateral surface of
      the zygomatic bone to the mandibular angle, was resected by an intraoral
      approach. The specimen was composed of mature cortical bone in the outer portion
      and spongy bone, including degenerated muscle fibers and marrow spaces, in the
      inner portion. At the lower end of the specimen was a sequence of bone formation
      involving fibrous connective tissue, cartilage, woven bone, and mature lamellar
      bone with many osteoblasts. Clinicopathologic features of 26 reported cases of
      traumatic myositis ossificans of the maxillofacial region are reviewed, and the
      pathogenesis of the disease is discussed.

PMID- 6588170
TI  - Aneurysmal bone cyst.

PMID- 6588171
TI  - Limitation of mandibular movement due to bilateral mandibular coronoid process
      enlargement.

PMID- 6588172
TI  - Clinicopathologic conference. Vascular lesion of the mandible.

PMID- 6588173
TI  - Zygomatic buttress to mental tubercle wiring for skeletal fixation.

PMID- 6588174
TI  - A modified auriculotemporal nerve block for regional anesthesia of the
      temporomandibular joint.
AB  - A technique for producing regional auriculotemporal nerve analgesia is described.
      Undesirable side effects have been minimized by avoiding facial nerve branches
      and blood vessels, and injection at the site of the nerve trunk.

PMID- 6588175
TI  - Physiological reactions to stress in subjects with and without myofascial pain
      dysfunction symptoms.
AB  - Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome and temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
      dysfunction syndrome have been suggested as resulting from masticatory muscle
      hyperactivity. Furthermore, this hyperactivity has been viewed as a response
      specific reaction to stress. The present study was designed to assess the effects
      of laboratory-induced stress (i.e., startle stimulus, buzzer series, serial
      sevens tasks, and pain threshold/tolerance tests) on physiological responses
      (i.e. bilateral masseter EMG, skin conductance level, and heart rate) of ten
      patients (TMJ pain) with a history of facial pain and TMJ sounds. The two control
      groups, one with TMJ sounds only (TMJ sound) and the other with no history of
      these symptoms (non-TMJ), were matched for sex and age. The results indicated
      that the TMJ pain group did not exhibit different masseter EMG levels when
      comparing symptomatic versus asymptomatic sides. Few significant differences were
      noted in the masseter EMG recordings of the TMJ pain and non-TMJ group, while no
      difference occurred between the EMG levels of the TMJ pain and TMJ sound group.
      Little support was found for the assertion that TMJ pain subjects show greater
      EMG reactivity and less adaptation than do non-TMJ subjects. Finally, no
      differences were found among groups in relation to the latency to ischaemic pain
      onset or tolerance. The discussion focuses on reasons for the findings of the
      present study being discrepant from previously reported research.

PMID- 6588176
TI  - The assessment of personality, anxiety and depression in mandibular pain
      dysfunction subjects.
AB  - The search for distinct personality characteristics of mandibular pain
      dysfunction patients has produced confusing and contradictory results. The
      present study represents an attempt to clarify this area of research by assessing
      reliable measures of personality (MMPI), anxiety (Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety
      Inventory), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory) in ten subjects with a
      history of facial pain and TMJ sounds. Two control groups, one with TMJ sounds
      only and other with no history of these symptoms, were matched for sex. The
      results indicated that the groups did not differ on any of these measures.
      Discussion focuses on possible explanations for the failure to find any
      differences in these measures and the future of personality assessment in
      mandibular pain dysfunction populations.

PMID- 6588177
TI  - The fracture toughness of tooth coloured restorative materials.
AB  - A fracture mechanics approach has been used to quantify the failure of tooth
      coloured restorative materials which are subjected to tensile forces. The
      materials examined included silicates, glass ionomers, composites (both
      chemically and photo-initiated) and bonding resins for composites. The parameter
      chosen was the plane strain critical stress intensification factor, KIC. Silicate
      and glass ionomer are both brittle and have values for KIC inferior to those of
      composites. Composites have fracture toughnesses in a range from marginally
      higher than that of the bonding resin to almost three times that figure. The
      reason for this is discussed in terms of the dispersion toughening theories.

PMID- 6588179
TI  - Treatment of mandibular dysfunction: the clinical usefulness of biofeedback in
      relation to splint therapy.
AB  - The long-term treatment effects of biofeedback and occlusal splints on mandibular
      dysfunction were compared. Thirty female patients were randomly divided into two
      treatment groups. One group had full coverage splints, the other group received
      biofeedback training. At the re-examinations 1 and 12 months after completion of
      therapy, the subjective and clinical symptoms were significantly reduced in both
      groups. No significant differences between the groups were found. A stepwise
      analysis of regression indicated that biofeedback training may be a useful
      alternative to splint therapy in cases where night time bruxing is not the
      dominating feature.

PMID- 6588178
TI  - Effects of biofeedback training on tonic masticatory neck reflex: a case report.
AB  - Biofeedback training to reduce muscle tension lowered not only the spontaneous
      activity but also the tonic neck reflex in the jaw closing muscles. Tolperisone
      HCl, which may inhibit the gamma system, inhibited the tonic masticatory neck
      reflex, but did not reduce the patient's spontaneous activity of the jaw closing
      muscles in this case. Biofeedback training may be considered to reduce the gamma
      as well as alpha motor systems.

PMID- 6588180
TI  - Thermal diffusion in some polyelectrolyte dental cements: the effect of
      powder/liquid ratio.
AB  - Thermal diffusivity values for glass ionomer and polycarboxylate cements have
      been determined for varying proportions of cement powder and liquid. Diffusivity
      is observed to be an increasing function of powder/liquid ratio. This is
      discussed in relation to the application of these cements as cavity bases.

PMID- 6588181
TI  - Analysis of factors influencing the long-term effect of treatment of TMJ-pain
      dysfunction.
AB  - A follow-up study on 154 females was performed approximately 7 years after the
      start of treatment for TMJ pain dysfunction. At the follow-up the function of the
      patients' masticatory system had on average greatly improved. The individual
      variation was great, however. In this paper the influence of such factors as
      diagnosis, age, general health, occlusal disharmonies, dentition and social
      environment on the long-term effect of treatment was analysed. Patients with TMJ
      osteoarthrosis had, on average, no more signs or symptoms of dysfunction at the
      follow-up than those judged to have had mainly neuromuscular problems. Poor
      general health was found to have a negative influence both on the immediate
      response to treatment of TMJ pain dysfunction and on the long-term prognosis. Few
      correlations were found between occlusal factors and dysfunction. Occlusal
      interferences showed no correlation to dysfunction at the first examination and
      at the follow-up were mainly correlated to some reported symptoms. Loss of molars
      and premolars was correlated to impaired TMJ-function. The patients with repeated
      periods of treatment (14%) did not differ from the rest with respect to signs and
      symptoms of dysfunction at the follow-up. In eight patients with extremely long
      periods of treatment general health problems and/or psychosocial factors were
      evident.

PMID- 6588182
TI  - Widening of cranial sutures after long-term prostaglandin E2 therapy in two
      newborn infants.

PMID- 6588183
TI  - Influence of genetic factors on the serum levels of antigliadin antibodies in
      celiac disease.
AB  - The relationship between titers of antigliadin antibodies (IgA class and total
      immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM) and HLA-DR antigens was studied in two random
      samples of unrelated Spanish children with celiac disease. One of these groups
      had been on a gluten-free diet for at least 6 months and the other had been given
      a similar regimen followed by at least 6 months on a gluten-containing diet.
      Children with celiac disease who had the DR7 antigen but not DR3 showed
      significantly higher antigliadin antibody titers on a gluten-containing than on a
      gluten-free diet, whereas those with DR3 but not DR7 did not show this
      difference. With respect to DR phenotypes, the children with DR3/DR7 and DR7/DR5
      phenotypes had significantly higher antibody titers while consuming gluten than
      when on a gluten-free diet. However, children with celiac disease with the
      DR3/DR3 phenotype showed similar antigliadin antibody titers on both diets. The
      present results suggest that genetic factors in the DR region influence the
      humoral immune response to gliadin in celiac disease.

PMID- 6588185
TI  - Treatment of juvenile periodontitis patients by control of infection and
      inflammation. Four case reports.
AB  - Four patients, ages 14-17, who demonstrated characteristics of juvenile
      periodontitis, underwent antibiotic and surgical therapy to control microbial
      etiologic factors. No occlusal equilibration or bone grafting techniques were
      employed. Subsequent to treatment, all four patients demonstrated decreased
      pocket depths and mobility on teeth associated with vertical osseous defects.
      Osseous repair was evident on postoperative radiographs. Reentry procedures, on
      one patient, confirmed that osseous repair had occurred in 2- to 3-wall, 3-wall,
      hemi-circumferential and furcal defects. If infection and inflammation are
      controlled, it appears that the potential for osseous repair in juvenile
      periodontitis patients is greater than has been thought.

PMID- 6588184
TI  - Serum bile acid patterns determined by an enzymatic method and high-performance
      liquid chromatography in young infants with cholestasis.
AB  - Serum unconjugated and conjugated bile acids in young infants with intrahepatic
      cholestasis (idiopathic neonatal hepatitis syndrome, n = 8) or extra-hepatic
      cholestasis (preoperative extrahepatic biliary atresia, n = 8) were examined by
      an enzymatic procedure and high-performance liquid chromatography. In comparison
      with the mean level of total serum bile acid of controls having no liver or
      gastrointestinal diseases, those of each group markedly increased (15.6 +/- 5.1
      vs. 120.9 +/- 64.0 and 161.8 +/- 54.2 nmol/ml), but those of unconjugated bile
      acid were almost unchanged (1.4 +/- 0.5 vs. 1.0 +/- 0.6 and 0.6 +/- 0.2 nmol/ml).
      The ratios of cholate to chenodeoxycholate and glycine- to taurine-conjugated
      bile acids (G/T) were not significantly different between the groups of
      intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis. However, in the patients with
      intrahepatic cholestasis, the G/T ratio varied greatly and the quantitative
      determination of individual conjugated bile acids in serum revealed that a half
      of the patients examined had very low levels of taurine-conjugated cholate and
      chenodeoxycholate, suggesting a bile acid metabolism alternation specific for
      underlying intrahepatic cholestasis.

PMID- 6588186
TI  - Classification of the vertical component of furcation involvement.
AB  - The current classifications of teeth with furcation involvements refer mainly to
      the horizontal component of bone loss. This article presents a subclassification
      that measures the probeable vertical depth from the roof of the furca apically.
      The subclasses being proposed are: A, B and C. "A" indicates a probeable vertical
      depth of 1-3 mm, "B" 4-6 mm and "C" 7 or more mm of probeable depth from the roof
      of the furca apically. Furcations would thus be classified as IA, IB, IC, IIA,
      IIB, IIC and IIIA, IIIB, IIIC.

PMID- 6588187
TI  - Effectiveness of sodium fluoride on tooth hypersensitivity with and without
      iontophoresis.
AB  - Effectiveness of iontophoresis with and without electric current and sodium
      fluoride on tooth hypersensitivity was evaluated. In eleven volunteers, teeth
      received a 2% neutral sodium fluoride solution applied using an electrode
      phoresor. Test teeth received the solution with current and control teeth
      received the solution without current. The subjects were tested at Day 0 and 7 by
      means of a mechanical stimulating device and a temperature probe. The data were
      then analyzed using X2 analysis. Statistically, the test teeth demonstrated more
      improvement than the control teeth.

PMID- 6588188
TI  - Natural killer (NK) cell activity against human gingival fibroblasts exposed to
      dental plaque extracts.
AB  - Natural killer (NK) cell activity against plaque pretreated human gingival
      fibroblasts and against the erythroblastoid cell line K562 also pretreated with
      plaque extract was studied. Supra- and subgingival plaque was collected and
      extracts prepared by sonication for 10 to 15 minutes at room temperature. The
      erythroblastoid cell line K562 was given in RPMI (1640) medium, and served as the
      control. Gingival fibroblasts were grown from an explant of human gingiva. The
      K562 cells and gingival fibroblasts were incubated in subcytotoxic doses of both
      supra- and subgingival plaque for 18 hours prior to the NK cell assay in serum
      free medium. Pretreatment of the K562 cells with both supra- and subgingival
      plaque was found to reduce NK cell activity. On the other hand pretreatment of
      the human gingival fibroblasts with plaque extracts seemed to increase their
      sensitivity to NK cell activity. This suggests that the plaque pretreatment leads
      to a cytopathic change in the fibroblasts making them more sensitive to NK cell
      activity, or alternatively that by binding to target cells, plaque modulates the
      ability of NK cells to bind to, and kill these cells. Nevertheless, these results
      indicate that NK cell activity could play a role in tissue destruction in chronic
      inflammatory periodontal disease.

PMID- 6588189
TI  - Serum and salivary IgG and IgA response to initial preparation therapy.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine and compare IgG and IgA concentration
      in both serum and unstimulated whole saliva obtained prior to any therapy and
      following initial preparation therapy (IPT) in 15 healthy adult dentulous
      patients, five each of periodontal disease Classes I, II and III. During the
      first visit before therapy, 10 ml of whole blood and 5 ml of saliva were
      obtained. Serum protein electrophoresis was conducted to rule out
      immunoglobulinopathies. Radial cell immunodiffusion endpoint technique was
      employed on serum and saliva to determine IgG and IgA in mg/dl. Following IPT,
      achievement of plaque control and 3 weeks after any dental instrumentation, 10 ml
      of blood and 5 ml of saliva were obtained from each patient and IgG and IgA in
      mg/dl were determined. The following are trends that were observed: greater
      decrease in IgG and IgA in serum and saliva following IPT in Class I periodontal
      patients than in other classes; saliva was a better indicator of local humoral
      response than serum for this group of patients; the less severe the periodontal
      involvement, more consistent was the reduction in IgG and IgA following IPT,
      especially for saliva; IPT elicited a decreased IgG and IgA concentration when
      local antigenic stimuli were reduced by both patient and dentist.

PMID- 6588190
TI  - Topographic classification of deformities of the alveolar process.
AB  - A system of nomenclature for deformities of the alveolar process is presented.
      Descriptive, familiar topographic terms are used (crater, trench, moat, ramp and
      plane), and specific criteria are given for each term. Two hundred randomly
      selected osseous deformities in dry skulls were classified by two examiners at
      independent sessions using the proposed system. One hundred ninety of these
      defects were given identical descriptions. The nomenclature system is proposed to
      facilitate communication among practitioners concerning osseous deformities of
      the alveolar process, as well as to permit comparison of the effectiveness of
      various therapeutic modalities directed toward bone regeneration in periodontics.

PMID- 6588191
TI  - Revascularization following a combined gingival flap-split thickness flap
      procedure in monkeys.
AB  - A combined technique (gingival flap-split thickness flap) was performed in
      monkeys. The clinical, histological and microvascular aspects of healing were
      studied, mainly focusing on the gingival flap, since some of the vessels
      supplying this area were severed during the second phase of the procedure. The
      animals were perfused with a combined solution of Pelikan carbon black and 10%
      formalin solution and killed from 1 to 35 days postoperatively. Cleared specimens
      and regular histology were obtained. It was concluded that: (1) the remaining
      periosteal vessels and surrounding structures provided enough nutrition for the
      survival of the gingival flap, (2) the microvascularization was normal at the 14
      days postoperative period in both the gingival flap and the apically positioned
      split areas and (3) the exposed connective tissue remained narrow and exhibited
      an irregular vascular arrangement throughout the experiment.

PMID- 6588192
TI  - Revascularization following the lateral sliding flap procedure.
AB  - Two young adult rhesus monkeys, with an average weight of 12 pounds were used.
      Anesthesia with Nembutal 30 mg/kg of body weight was given to perform the
      surgeries. Artificial defects were created by raising a flap and removing about 5
      X 7 mm of the buccal alveolar plate and suturing the flaps exposing the alveolar
      crest. These defects were left untreated for 2 months. Then, mucogingival lateral
      sliding flaps were performed to cover the recessions. Postoperative periods of 1,
      9, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days were obtained when the animals were killed. A combined
      solution of Pelikan carbon black and 10% buffered formalin was perfused through
      the exposed and cannulated external carotid arteries to evaluate
      revascularization. After killing, blocks, including the operated teeth and the
      surrounding tissues, were fixed in 10% formalin and then partially decalcified in
      EDTA. Two blocks per time interval were obtained. One of the blocks was processed
      for regular histology, and sectioned bucco-lingually. In these sections it was
      found that the new attachment to the root was mediated by a combination of
      connective tissue attachment and a long junctional epithelium. The other blocks
      were cut cross-sectionally at about 1-mm thickness. Sections were selected from
      three different areas: (a) at the most coronal part of the laterally displaced
      flap, (b) at the middle of the localized defect and (c) at the bottom of the
      defect. They were cleared following the Spalteholtz method.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      250 WORDS)

PMID- 6588193
TI  - Etidocaine HCl local anesthetic for periodontal flap surgery.
AB  - Long acting local anesthetics have been used successfully during third molar
      extractions and endodontic procedures. They were shown to provide longer duration
      of anesthesia and contribute to less postoperative pain. This study evaluated the
      effectiveness of one long acting local anesthetic agent (etidocaine) for
      periodontal flap procedures. A double-blind, split mouth design treated 17
      matched contralateral pairs of posterior sextants. One region was treated
      following administration of 1.5% etidocaine HCl with 1:200,000 epinephrine. The
      matched control region was treated following administration of 2% lidocaine with
      1:100,000 epinephrine. The results indicate that, while etidocaine provided a
      longer duration of anesthesia (P less than 0.005), no difference was noted in the
      number of pain pills patients took or the period of time over which they took
      them. Inadequate hemostasis was a recurrent problem with etidocaine anesthesia.
      The use of 1.5% etidocaine HCl with 1:200,000, epinephrine offers no significant
      advantages over traditional anesthetic solutions.

PMID- 6588194
TI  - Occlusal relations and periodontal status in human adults.
AB  - A group of 66 adults provided the population for study of relations between
      various clinical parameters and periodontal status. Dental and habit histories
      and plaque scores were acquired. Occlusal features included classification of
      malocclusion, analysis of centric displacement, establishment of patterns of
      lateral and protrusive excursions, identification of tooth contacts and presence
      of wear facets. Periodontal analysis included pocket depths, radiographic
      manifestations and extent of mobility. Class I malocclusion predominated and the
      majority of patients did not have coincidental centric relation and centric
      occlusion. Group function is the most common lateral excursive pattern in the
      adult. Nonfunctional contacts are common as is enamel attrition. Results indicate
      no significant deleterious influence on the status of the periodontium by
      occlusal disharmonies.

PMID- 6588195
TI  - Self-association of doxorubicin and related compounds in aqueous solution.
AB  - The dimerization of doxorubicin, daunorubicin, and their 4-demethoxy, 4'-epi, and
      4'-deoxy analogues was studied spectrophotometrically. Self-association was found
      to be influenced by buffer composition and ionic strength. Kd values were 1.3 X
      10(4) and 2.3 X 10(4) M-1 for doxorubicin and daunorubicin, respectively, and
      ranged from 3.8 X 10(3) to 6.1 X 10(3) M-1 for the 4-demethoxy analogues. For 4'
      epi- and 4'-deoxydoxorubicin, tetramerization has also been considered. On this
      basis, values of 2.0 X 10(4) and 2.2 X 10(4) M-1 were found, respectively, for
      the formation constant of the dimerization process. Stability of the dimeric
      species appears to be strongly influenced by substitution of the chromophore
      moiety.

PMID- 6588196
TI  - Clinical evaluation of patients eight to nine years after placement of removable
      partial dentures.
AB  - Removable partial dentures, constructed following principles outlined in this
      study, provided reasonable service for an 8- to 9-year period for patients who
      were wearing them. The oral hygiene of the patients was less than ideal. Few
      teeth were lost by patients in the study. There were no significant differences
      in caries incidence, changes in sulcus depths, tooth mobility, or alveolar bone
      loss between patients who were wearing their dentures and those who were not.
      There were increased levels of gingival inflammation seen in regions covered by
      the removable partial dentures and in gingivae apical to clasp arms. Other than
      these findings, there seemed to be no direct evidence that the removable partial
      dentures were causing dental or periodontal breakdown.

PMID- 6588197
TI  - Surgical modification of the hyperplastic anterior maxillary ridge.

PMID- 6588198
TI  - In vitro testing of three denture-cleaning systems.

PMID- 6588199
TI  - In vitro cell response to cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy containing beryllium.

PMID- 6588200
TI  - A personal perspective of implant dentistry.

PMID- 6588201
TI  - Reusable metal molds for ocular parts of orbital prostheses.

PMID- 6588202
TI  - Effects of occlusal guidance on jaw muscle activity.

PMID- 6588203
TI  - Arbitrary mandibular hinge axis locations.
AB  - This study compared selected arbitrary hinge axis locations with the kinematic
      axis location. Fifty subjects were studied, and the data were statistically
      analyzed. Results showed significant differences between the location of
      experimental arbitrary axis point and those of Beyron, Gysi, and Bergstrom in
      relation to the kinematic axis. The arbitrary points of Beyron, Gysi, and
      Bergstrom showed directional tendencies, whereas the experimental arbitrary
      points were evenly distributed around the kinematic axis. This study indicates
      that the experimental arbitrary axis point more closely and consistently
      approximated the kinematic axis than the arbitrary points of Beyron, Gysi, and
      Bergstrom. The finding suggests that the clinical use of a point on Camper's
      line, 10 mm from the superior border of the tragus, results in a more accurate
      transfer of the maxillary cast to the articulator.

PMID- 6588204
TI  - Marginal leakage of glass-ionomer cement restorations.

PMID- 6588205
TI  - Gagging problem in prosthodontic treatment.

PMID- 6588206
TI  - Safety first.

PMID- 6588207
TI  - Caries patterns in Head Start children in a fluoridated community.
AB  - Assessment of caries experience based on the person rather than on the tooth
      opens the possibility for qualitative descriptions of caries in a population, as
      well as for the study of specific factors associated with different caries
      experiences. The study of a Head Start population in adjacent fluoridated
      communities was divided into two parts. It was the purpose of part one of the
      study to determine the prevalence of specific caries patterns (presumably
      associated with different etiologies). Of the children, 39 percent were caries
      free; 32 percent had carious lesions only in pit-and-fissure defects of molars;
      6.5 percent had carious lesions in hypoplastic defects; 11 percent had facial
      lingual lesions, compatible with "nursing caries"; and 11.5 percent had
      approximal lesions of molars; no child in the study had rampant caries. The
      second part compared specific lifestyle variables with specific caries patterns.
      Statistically significant differences or trends were found between caries-free
      children and those with smooth-surface lesions for mother's educational level,
      time spent with grandparents, mother's perceived primary reason for cavities, and
      mother's tendency to permit the child to eat sweets without restriction. No
      significant differences or trends were found for lifestyle variables between
      caries-free children and those having lesions associated only with tooth defects.

PMID- 6588208
TI  - The gingival health of eight-year-old Nigerian children.
AB  - A total of 860 eight-year-old schoolchildren in Lagos Nigeria, were examined
      between April 1981 and March 1982: 409 from private schools and 451 from
      government schools. Half were boys and the other half were girls. The mean
      Gingival Index score for children in private schools is 0.4 and 0.5 in the
      government schools. The GI score was slightly higher for boys than for girls in
      each group. The prevalence of calculus (24.7 percent) and gingivitis (46.5
      percent) in the private schoolchildren is significantly lower than that found in
      the government schoolchildren (59.6 percent and 61.6 percent respectively) (p
      values less than 0.002). The mean OHI-S score is lower in the private schools
      (0.8 for boys and 0.7 for girls) than in the government school (1.1 for both boys
      and girls). These findings suggest better oral hygiene habits in the higher
      socioeconomic group of private schoolchildren. Among the boys, 47.3 percent had
      calculus and 52.2 percent had gingivitis while 38.7 percent of the girls had
      calculus and 56.6 percent had gingivitis. Overall, 43 percent of the children
      examined had calculus, 54.4 percent had gingivitis. The mean GI Score was 0.4 and
      the mean OHI Score was 1.0. The results indicate a trend toward a lower
      prevalence of gingivitis and better oral hygiene among Nigerian children now when
      compared with studies reported two decades ago.

PMID- 6588209
TI  - Is it time for CONFER, a computer-based conference for dental public health?
AB  - The usual methods of information exchange within a specialty, such as journals
      and newsletters, have deficiencies in terms of speed. Adjuncts to them such as
      the telephone, traditional correspondence, and meetings have other problems with
      coverage and cost. Advances in computing and telecommunications provide an
      additional medium for group communication that can be a complement to the
      strengths of the other media. By using a computer-based conference, a
      geographically dispersed group can have an efficient and orderly exchange of
      information and ideas in a way that makes it easy for all members of the group to
      participate without the usual time or place requirements. Use of such a facility
      by those in the specialty of dental public health could provide an important
      focus for ideas, information, discussion, and group identity.

PMID- 6588211
TI  - The progression of noise-induced hearing loss. A survey of workers in selected
      industries in Canada.
AB  - An in-depth investigation of the progression of noise induced hearing loss is
      reported for individuals working in three major Canadian industries. The
      particular approach taken was to select occupational groups within each industry,
      who had the same noise exposure for a continuous period, and on whom standard
      hearing tests were undertaken at regular intervals. Two methods of evaluating the
      audiometric data were used. The first was a cross-sectional design, in which one
      audiogram was analyzed for each employee. The second focused on the rate of
      hearing loss over time within individuals. The results confirmed previous reports
      that the effect of continuous noise exposure was maximal in the region of 2-6
      kHz. Significant differences in hearing loss were noted across job types. Over a
      10 year period the rate of loss within exposed individuals was on the average 1.5
      dB per year for 4 kHz, as compared with 0.5 dB for control subjects who held
      office jobs. The absolute difference between hearing thresholds measured at the
      beginning and end of this period ranged widely from a slight improvement in
      hearing to losses often as great as 55 dB. In general the greatest loss occurred
      at 4 kHz. The number of frequencies at which there was a risk of exceeding a 25
      dB fence increased with the number of years of exposure.

PMID- 6588210
TI  - Coccidioidomycosis tenosynovitis: case report and review of the literature.
AB  - Coccidioidomycosis tenosynovitis is an unusual rheumatological manifestation of
      Coccidioides immitis infection. We report a case in a 46-year-old man with
      leukemia. The literature is reviewed and the treatment discussed.

PMID- 6588212
TI  - [Postoperative evaluation of renal function from the aspect of urinary
      concentration of cefmetazole in infants and children with vesicoureteral reflux
      and hydronephrosis. I].
AB  - The urinary excretion of cefmetazole (CMZ) which was administered intravenously
      from both kidneys (affected side and normal side) was studied separately after
      surgery in 11 infants and children (10 cases of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and 1
      case of hydronephrosis due to pelviureteric obstruction). In kidneys with VUR of
      grade IIb to III degree, urinary concentration of CMZ showed rather higher than
      that we expected from their creatinine clearance. On the contrary in kidneys with
      VUR of grade IV degree and hydronephrosis, urinary concentration of CMZ showed
      rather lower compared to their creatinine clearance.

PMID- 6588213
TI  - [The correlation between the biliary excretion of cefmetazole and the bile acid
      metabolism in postoperative patients with biliary atresia].
AB  - The correlation between the biliary excretion of cefmetazole (CMZ) and the bile
      acid metabolism was studied in 17 postoperative children with congenital biliary
      atresia. B (total bile acid value in bile)/S (total bile acid value in serum)
      ratio is the best indicator in order to evaluate the postoperative condition of
      the liver in patients with biliary atresia at this time, that is, the B/S ratio
      is lower, the condition of the liver is deteriorated. The biliary excretion of
      CMZ was closely correlated to the B/S ratio, that is, the B/S ratio is lower, the
      biliary excretion of CMZ is discussed.

PMID- 6588214
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of cefmetazole for the prevention of postoperative wound
      infections].
AB  - The authors treated 415 patients, with injection of 4 g cefmetazole (CMZ) per day
      after operation of the digestive tract. In these cases, the prevention of
      postoperative wound infections was investigated and the following results were
      obtained. Out of 415 cases, 11 cases (2.7%) had postoperative wound infections; 6
      cases of which were superficial wound infections and 5 cases deep wound
      infections. In relation to the degree of infection of the surgical field of them,
      10 cases were performed with the contamination by bowel organisms and 1 case was
      in infected surgical field. Bacteriological examination was carried out. Twenty
      four strains of bacteria were isolated and identified. The major bacterial
      strains identified were 6 strains of S. faecalis, 4 strains of E. cloacae and 4
      strains of P. aeruginosa. These organisms were rarely sensitive to CMZ. The
      results suggest that the organisms causing postoperative wound infections are
      changing compared with the organisms of previous reports and that the use of CMZ
      as a postoperative medication is useful in the prevention of wound infections.

PMID- 6588215
TI  - [Effects of Ca-antagonist (nifedipine) on blood pressure responses and renal
      vascular responses to angiotensin II norepinephrine, vasopressin, bradykinin and
      prostaglandin E2 in anesthetized rabbits].

PMID- 6588216
TI  - [Studies on urinary kallikrein excretion in obstructive renal diseases].

PMID- 6588217
TI  - Unscheduled DNA synthesis in human bronchial epithelium treated with various
      chemical carcinogens in vitro.
AB  - A system was developed in which organ culture of human bronchial epithelium was
      used in combination with autoradiography for quantitative measurement of
      unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in bronchial epithelial cells. Human bronchi
      obtained at surgery were cut into small sections and treated with various
      carcinogens plus [methyl-3H]thymidine in short-term organ culture. Significant
      numbers of silver grains, indicating UDS, were detected on the nuclei of
      epithelial cells of human bronchi treated with carcinogens, and the numbers were
      proportional to the concentrations of carcinogens. In this system seven
      representative carcinogens induced UDS. Four active metabolites of
      benzo[a]pyrene, and benz[a]anthracene also were found to induce very active UDS
      in human bronchial epithelium. These findings suggest that human bronchial
      epithelial cells can repair different types of DNA modification induced by
      chemical carcinogens.

PMID- 6588218
TI  - Pure yolk sac carcinoma of the mouse uterus: report of 8 cases.
AB  - This report covered the pathologic features, behavior, metastases, and results of
      transplantation of pure yolk sac carcinomas that were primary in the uterine horn
      of 8 mice; 6 mice were strain C3H and 2 were strain HR, and they varied from 10
      to 23 months of age. Three of the mice had never been treated. Of the 5 that had,
      the treatment was different for each mouse. Therefore, treatment could not be
      correlated with tumor development. At least 5 mice were nulliparous; in fact they
      had never been mated, so in these some mechanism involving parthenogenesis must
      have been operative to account for the tumor. The tumors were identified as being
      primary in the uterus and occupied and distended the cavity of one uterine horn
      where they were polypoid or plaquelike. The neoplastic yolk cells replaced the
      endometrial stroma forming a support for the original endometrial glands. In time
      the tumor cells destroyed many of the endometrial glands. That the glands present
      in the primary uterine horn tumors were the original glands of the endometrium
      and not neoplastic glands was attested by their absence from the secondary
      neoplastic deposits in 4 mice in which the tumor had spread to areas outside the
      cavity of the uterus and from the neoplastic tissue of the tumor transplants in
      the recipient mice.

PMID- 6588219
TI  - Prolactin and aging: X-irradiated and estrogen-induced rat mammary tumorigenesis.
AB  - Both sexes of inbred WF rats at either 8 or 28-60 weeks of age were exposed to
      200 rad whole-body radiation, 2.5 or 5.0 mg 17 beta-estradiol (E2), or both
      agents The female rats treated with E2 alone or with both X-rays and E2 at 8
      weeks of age showed a high incidence of mammary carcinomas (MCA), a large
      increase in pituitary weight, and a rise in serum prolactin (PRL) levels.
      However, the same treatments to males did not induce MCA despite a moderate
      increase in both pituitary weight and serum PRL. Ovariectomy prior to E2
      treatment failed to modify the occurrence of MCA or pituitary tumors. When X-rays
      and E2 were given to female rats at 28-60 weeks of age, pituitary weight, serum
      PRL levels, and the incidence of MCA were unaffected. When the E2 pellet was kept
      for the first 24 weeks and withdrawn during the last 12 weeks, the incidence of
      MCA, pituitary weight, and serum PRL was low. It was concluded that: 1) the
      pituitary glands of young female rats were susceptible to E2 treatment but were
      insensitive in older females, and 2) the occurrence of MCA in female rats
      appeared to be promoted by elevated PRL levels secreted by E2-induced pituitary
      tumors. Mammary tissue of male rats was less sensitive to PRL levels in the
      development of MCA.

PMID- 6588220
TI  - Cytotoxicity of antibody-directed liposomes that recognize two receptors on K562
      cells.
AB  - Encapsulation of methotrexate-gamma-aspartate in antibody-conjugated liposomes
      increased its toxicity for K562 cells, a human leukemia cell line that expresses
      Fc receptors and human glycophorin A. The liposomes were conjugated with either
      nonspecific mouse IgG, which interacts with an Fc receptor, or with monoclonal
      anti-human glycophorin, which interacts simultaneously with an Fc receptor and
      human glycophorin in the cell membrane. The drug in antibody-directed liposomes
      was up to 20 times more effective than the free drug, and it was 55 times more
      effective than the drug in liposomes bearing no surface ligand. The efficacy of
      drug delivery with liposomes directed only to an Fc receptor was reduced ninefold
      in the presence of soluble human IgG. Efficacy of drug delivery with liposomes
      directed both to the Fc receptor and to glycophorin A was not reduced by human
      IgG or soluble antiglycophorin A, but it was reduced twofold in the presence of
      both soluble ligands. These results were qualitatively consistent with previous
      studies on the binding of targeted liposomes to K562 cells.

PMID- 6588221
TI  - Tumors of female offspring of mice exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol.
AB  - Strain CD-1 female mice exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol (DES) (CAS: 56
      53-1; alpha,alpha'-diethyl-4,4'-stilbenediol) were mated to unexposed males.
      Female offspring of these matings were raised to the stage of terminal illness.
      They were never exposed to DES and so have been referred to as "DES-lineage
      mice." Ten uterine adenocarcinomas and 5 ovarian cystadenocarcinomas were found
      in 40 DES-lineage mice. These findings were significantly different from the
      absence of such tumors in 24 "vehicle-lineage" mice whose mothers had received
      injections only of oil and alcohol. The types of tumors that commonly occur
      spontaneously in the CD-1 strain appeared with comparable frequency in the 2
      groups of mice. The DES-lineage mice did not show the increased frequency of
      adenomyosis and squamous metaplasia of the uterus, nor the reduced frequency of
      corpora lutea seen in mice exposed prenatally to DES.

PMID- 6588222
TI  - Early stages of N-2-fluorenylacetamide-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in male and
      female rats and effect of gonadectomy on liver neoplastic conversion and
      neoplastic development.
AB  - The early stages of N-2-fluorenylacetamide [(2-FAA) CAS: 59-96-3]-induced liver
      carcinogenesis in inbred F344 male and female rats and the effect of gonadectomy
      on liver carcinogen biotransformation capability and hepatocarcinogenesis were
      studied. Feeding of 2-FAA induced more altered hepatocellular foci characterized
      by exclusion of cellular iron and gamma-glutamyl-transferase activity in male
      rats than in female rats. At 6-22 weeks after cessation of carcinogen exposure,
      only males developed liver neoplastic nodules. Liver cytochrome P450, aryl
      hydrocarbon hydroxylase, and uridine-5'-diphosphateglucuronosyltransferase
      activity toward p-nitrophenol, but not phenolphthalein, were greater in males
      than in females. Gonadectomy of males reduced the activities that were greater
      than in females, whereas none was significantly altered by gonadectomy of
      females. Gonadectomy of male rats prior to 2-FAA feeding suppressed the induction
      of both altered foci and neoplastic nodules, whereas in female rats gonadectomy
      prior to 2-FAA feeding enhanced the induction of foci. Gonadectomy of males after
      administration of 2-FAA slightly enhanced the persistence of foci at 6 and 12
      weeks after removal of carcinogen, but it did not affect their persistence by 22
      weeks post carcinogen or the incidence of neoplastic nodules. However, only the
      males that were gonadectomized after receiving 2-FAA developed hepatocellular
      carcinomas at 22 weeks. Gonadectomy of females after receiving 2-FAA did not
      affect the persistence of foci, and no liver neoplasms developed. Thus
      gonadectomy of male rats, which reduced liver carcinogen metabolism, when done
      before carcinogen feeding had the greatest effect on hepatocarcinogenesis.

PMID- 6588223
TI  - Effects of sodium warfarin and sodium heparin plus anticancer agents on growth of
      rat C6 glioma cells.
AB  - The effects of racemic sodium warfarin (warfarin) and sodium heparin (heparin) on
      brain tumor cells were assessed in the rat C6 glioma cell line. After
      anticoagulant treatment lasting up to 5 days, cell growth was not inhibited by
      warfarin at low doses (10(-4) to 10(-5) M), but both cell growth and cellular
      adherence to culture plates were inhibited at high doses (10(-3) to 10(-2) M).
      Sodium heparin, even at high doses, did not affect cell growth or adherence.
      Warfarin (10(-3) M) significantly decreased and heparin (12.6 U/ml) had no effect
      on [3H]thymidine and [14C]leucine incorporation after 3- or 24-hour anticoagulant
      treatment. Colony formation studies examined the effects of 24-hour warfarin (10(
      3) M) or heparin (12.6 U/ml) pretreatment plus a 2-hour incubation with one of
      seven anticancer agents. Supra-additive toxic effects were produced by warfarin
      plus chlorambucil, heparin plus chlorambucil, heparin plus carmustine, and
      heparin plus teniposide. At low doses of warfarin (10(-5) M) or heparin (0.126
      U/ml), heparin plus carmustine and heparin plus teniposide remained synergistic.

PMID- 6588224
TI  - Effects of retinoic acid versus dimethyl sulfoxide on Friend erythroleukemia cell
      growth. I. Cell proliferation, RNA content, and protein content.
AB  - The effect of all-trans-retinoic acid (RA), an oxidative product of vitamin A, on
      cell growth, cell cycle kinetics, RNA content, and protein content of
      exponentially growing Friend erythroleukemia (FL) cells was determined and
      compared with the results obtained with dimethyl sulfoxide [(DMSO) CAS: 67-68-5;
      methyl sulfoxide], an inducer of differentiation, and alpha
      difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a potent inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (EC
      4.1.1.17) activity. Growth inhibition of FL cells was observed only during
      continuous treatment with RA. While RA did not prevent growth to a high cell
      density, if cultures were maintained in exponential growth, cell number was
      reduced by 37, 67.4, and 72.2% after 6-day exposure to 10(-7), 10(-6), and 10(-5)
      M RA, respectively. In comparison, 280 mM (2%) DMSO and 5 mM DFMO inhibited
      growth over the same time course by 92 and 97.3%, respectively. DMSO resulted in
      an early, transient (18-24 hr) accumulation of cells in G1 phase followed by a
      later (5 day), irreversible accumulation of G1 cells. RA required several cell
      generations (48-72 hr) before a dose-dependent G1 accumulation was observed. Two
      populations of RA-treated FL cells could be identified: one with an intermediate
      RNA content (T-cells) similar to near-plateau-phase control cultures and the
      other with low RNA content (Q-cells) similar to that observed for DMSO
      differentiated (D) cells. The kinetics of the decrease in RNA content of Q-cells
      paralleled those of D-cells in DMSO-treated cultures; the proportion of Q- versus
      T-cells in RA-treated cultures was dependent on both concentration and length of
      exposure. DFMO treatment did not give rise to low-RNA-containing Q-cells. Protein
      content of RA-treated cells was also diminished and approached that observed for
      hemoglobin-containing D-cells. FL cells were recoverable from long-term (greater
      than 5 days) treatment with RA, though 2-3 days were required for reestablishment
      of exponentially growing cultures; apparently only moderate RNA-containing T
      cells repopulated the culture. Neither RA nor DFMO treatment gave rise to
      benzedine-positive, hemoglobin-containing cells as compared to DMSO that induced
      differentiation in these cultures.

PMID- 6588225
TI  - Effects of retinoic acid versus dimethyl sulfoxide on Friend erythroleukemia cell
      growth. II. Induction of quiescent, nonproliferating cells.
AB  - Treatment of Friend erythroleukemia (FL) cells in vitro with 10(-7) to 10(-5) all
      trans-retinoic acid (RA) leads to a concentration-dependent accumulation of a
      subpopulation of quiescent cells. This subpopulation, termed "Q-cells," contained
      markedly reduced RNA and protein levels and had a cell cycle distribution with a
      predominance of cells in G1 phase, which was nearly identical to that found in
      fully differentiated dimethyl sulfoxide (CAS:67-68-5; methyl sulfoxide)-induced
      FL cultures. The G1 cells in this RA-induced subpopulation (G1Q cells), though
      viable, did not enter S-phase, whereas the small percentage of Q-cells with S and
      G2 DNA content progressed very slowly through the cycle. While the Q-cell
      population did not contain the differentiation-associated chromatin protein H1
      degrees, the cells did manifest a more condensed nuclear chromatin, altered
      sensitivity to acid denaturation, and reduced accessibility of the DNA in
      chromatin to acridine orange. The extent of chromatin condensation and the number
      of free ribosomes versus polysomes in RA-treated FL cells were intermediate
      between those in untreated and fully differentiated cells, whereas viral budding
      and the number of nucleoli remained unchanged from those seen in the untreated
      cell state. The non-Q-cell population in RA-treated cultures, termed "T"
      (transitional) cells, had an intermediate RNA and protein content and a cell
      cycle distribution similar to those of control cultures nearing the plateau phase
      of growth. In the absence of any late markers of differentiation, the Q-cell
      population was tentatively identified as a unique, quiescent cell population not
      previously described in the FL cell system.

PMID- 6588226
TI  - Presence of two cytogenetic forms of amplified DNA: evidence for a role in tumor
      growth in an intraspecific mouse hybrid cell line.
AB  - An intraspecific mouse hybrid epithelial cell line, F5/B, is described in which
      the homogeneously staining region (HSR)-containing marker chromosome from one
      parent is absent in about half of the cells. It is replaced in these cells by
      double minutes (DM), an alternative form of amplified DNA, which is liable to
      loss because of its instability at mitosis. DM probably arise from the breakdown
      of the HSR during clonal growth of F5/B. Subclones were derived possessing one or
      another cytogenetic feature, and their cloning efficiency in vitro and
      tumorigenicity in syngeneic animals were compared. There were no differences in
      in vitro tumorigenicity, but in vivo DM-containing subclones were significantly
      less tumorigenic than HSR-containing subclones or the F5/B parent hybrid. In
      tumors that developed after long latent periods, cells had increased numbers of
      DM compared with the inoculated population, demonstrating a selective advantage
      in vivo for cells with a high DM content. These results indicate a role for the
      amplified DNA in tumor growth.

PMID- 6588227
TI  - Enhancing effect of hydrocortisone acetate administration on the content of A
      type particles in Ehrlich ascites tumor.
AB  - The incidence of intracytoplasmic A-particles was investigated in neoplastic and
      nonneoplastic cells of Swiss/ICR mice. The concentration of the virus-like
      particles decreased in the order of 1) invasive Ehrlich 4N ascites clone 1 tumor,
      2) noninvasive Ehrlich 4N ascites clone 3 tumor, and 3) nonneoplastic cells of
      tumor-free mice. Four successive injections of hydrocortisone acetate, 1
      mg/day/mouse, when administered after tumor inoculation, almost tripled the
      cellular content of A-particles in Ehrlich clone 1 tumor (P less than .001),
      whereas the same treatment given before tumor inoculation did not affect the
      particle content. The enhancing effect of the hormone was found to be dose
      dependent (P = .0027). Possibly, hydrocortisone acetate accelerates the formation
      of A-particles by stimulating directly the virus-generating apparatus of clone 1
      tumor cells.

PMID- 6588228
TI  - Damaging effect of dietary components to colon epithelial cells in vivo: effect
      of mutagenic heterocyclic amines.
AB  - The nuclear damaging effects of the mutagenic heterocyclic amines 3-amino-1,4
      dimethyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole [(Trp-P-1) CAS: 62450-06-0; 1,4-dimethyl-5H
      pyrido(4,3-b)indol-3-amine], 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole [(Trp-P-2)
      CAS: 62450-07-1; 1-methyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indol-3-amine], 2-amino-6
      methyldipyrido(1,2-a:3',2'-d)imidazole [(Glu-P-1) CAS: 67730-11-4; 6
      methyldipyrido(1,2-a:3',2'-d)imidazol-2-amine], 2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5
      f)quinoline [(IQ) CAS: 76180-96-6; 3-methyl-3H-imidazo(4,5-f)quinolin-2-amine],
      and 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline (MeIQ) on colon epithelial cells
      of C57BL/6J mice were investigated. The numbers of nuclear aberrations (NA) per
      crypt was determined 24 hours after oral administration of these amines at
      various dose levels. Trp-P-1, Trp-P-2, and Glu-P-1 increased the incidence of NA
      approximately twofold to threefold above the background level (0.15 NA/crypt)
      even at near-lethal dose levels. However, IQ and MeIQ increased the incidence
      fivefold to tenfold at nonlethal dose levels ranging from 200 to 800 mg/kg body
      weight and from 50 to 200 mg/kg body weight, respectively. IQ intubation in the
      morning (11 a.m.) produced the maximum response in 24 hours, whereas intubation
      in the evening (7 p.m.) produced maximum response in 12 hours. The colon-specific
      toxicity of the heterocyclic amines at approximately 35% of their maximum
      tolerated dose levels was in the order of MeIQ greater than IQ greater than Trp-P
      2 greater than Trp-P-1 greater than or equal to Glu-P-1.

PMID- 6588229
TI  - 4'-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin-beta-D-glucoside: a new podophyllotoxin derivative
      with VM-26-like and VP-16-213-like activities.
AB  - Mutants of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells independently selected for
      resistance to the anticancer drug 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin thenylidene-beta
      D-glucoside (VM-26) and the microtubule inhibitor podophyllotoxin exhibit
      mutually an exclusive cross-resistance pattern toward various podophyllotoxin
      derivatives that possess either VM-26-like or podophyllotoxin-like activities,
      respectively. The cross-resistance studies with these mutants have led to the
      identification of a new podophyllotoxin derivative, 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin
      beta-D-glucoside (compound No. 13), which possesses VM-26-like and 4'
      demethylepipodophyllotoxin ethylidene-beta-D-glucoside (VP-16-213)-like activity.
      This inference is strongly supported by our observation that, like VM-26 and VP
      16-213, compound No. 13 showed no antimitotic activity (as seen by the effect on
      the mitotic index) but was highly active in inducing DNA strand breaks, sister
      chromatid exchanges, and mutations at the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl
      transferase and adenosine kinase loci in CHO cells. On the basis of structure
      activity data of various podophyllotoxin derivatives, three structural features
      have been identified that appear essential for VM-26-like activity. These are: 1)
      the presence of an hydroxyl group at the 4'-carbon, 2) an epi-configuration at
      the C-4 position, and 3) the presence of a glycoside moiety on the hydroxyl group
      at the C-4 position. In addition, the nature of the glycoside substituents at the
      C-4 position greatly affects the relative VM-26-like activity of various
      compounds.

PMID- 6588230
TI  - Synergism in carcinogenesis.
AB  - Six examples of exposure of humans to two carcinogens were found that satisfied
      the minimum requirements for analysis of whether the carcinogens acted in
      synergism. In all instances, the risk ratio for cancer in the group exposed to
      both carcinogens was equal to or greater than the product of the risk ratios of
      the singly exposed groups. These findings underline the danger of double
      exposure, even though they imply that some and not all pairs of carcinogens act
      in this way. Because the six studies did not extend to the end of the life-spans
      of the exposed individuals, the data may be skewed by the life-shortening effect
      of promoters. Nevertheless, the findings have implications regarding the
      employment of people who already having been exposed to one recognized carcinogen
      are in a job where they may receive additional exposure from a second carcinogen
      known to multiply their risk of cancer. Analyses of animal tests on synergism
      indicated that most published studies lack dose-response data for each of the two
      carcinogens, which are vital for definitive proof of synergism. Suggestions for
      performance of such tests are given. The theoretical basis underlying the concept
      of synergism is examined, equations for its evaluation are given, and examples of
      statistical tests for its presence are presented. The conclusion regarding the
      mechanism of action was that synergism occurs if the rate-limiting step in the
      generation of a single type of tumor differs for each of two interacting
      carcinogens.

PMID- 6588231
TI  - Splenic fibrosis and sarcomas in F344 rats fed diets containing aniline
      hydrochloride, p-chloroaniline, azobenzene, o-toluidine hydrochloride, 4,4'
      sulfonyldianiline, or D & C red No. 9.
AB  - In six carcinogenicity bioassays, male and female F344 rats were fed diets
      containing aniline hydrochloride (CAS: 142-04-1; hydrochloride benzenamide), p
      chloroaniline (CAS: 106-47-8), azobenzene (CAS: 103-33-3), o-toluidine
      hydrochloride (CAS: 636-21-5), dapsone (CAS: 80-08-0; 4,4'-sulfonyldianiline), or
      D & C red No. 9 [CAS: D85500000; 5-chloro-2-[2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo)-4
      methylbenzenesulfon ic acid, barium salt]. The rats, from 6 weeks to 2 years old,
      were given the compounds at two dose levels, the estimated maximum tolerated dose
      and one-half that dose. In all six bioassays, dose-dependent incidences of
      splenic sarcomas and fibrosis were seen, with the highest incidences in male
      rats. Fibrosis occurred in the splenic parenchyma and/or the capsule. Fatty
      infiltration also was seen in the spleen. Sarcomas appeared to arise in the
      splenic red pulp or splenic capsule, usually in association with areas of
      parenchymal and capsular fibrosis and pigmentation. Larger tumors metastasized to
      the peritoneal cavity and abdominal organs. In some rats there was marked osseous
      metaplasia when the primary tumor metastasized to peritoneal surfaces. Other,
      less common, splenic neoplasms included hemangiosarcoma and hemangiopericytoma.
      Some rats had such extensive peritoneal involvement that the site of origin of
      their sarcoma was difficult to determine.

PMID- 6588232
TI  - Effect of neomycin on azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in F344 rats.
AB  - The effect of oral administration of neomycin (100 and 200 micrograms/ml in
      drinking water) on colon tumors induced by azoxymethane [(AOM); CAS: 25843-45-2]
      was studied in female F344 rats. Five-week-old rats were fed NIH-07 diet and
      given daily in drinking water 0, 100, and 200 micrograms neomycin/ml (0, 100, and
      200 ppm). At 7 weeks of age, all animals except vehicle-treated groups received
      weekly sc injections of 8 mg AOM/kg body weight for 8 weeks. The AOM- or vehicle
      treated groups were necropsied 30 weeks after the last injection of AOM. The
      combined incidence of adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the colon did not differ
      significantly among the 3 groups. The animals in the groups given 100 and 200
      micrograms neomycin had a higher incidence of colon adenocarcinomas than did
      those in the control group. Colonic and cecal bacterial beta-glucuronidase
      activity was significantly lower in the group given 200 micrograms neomycin than
      it was in the control group. The excretion of fecal cholesterol, total bile
      acids, and deoxycholic acid was increased significantly in animals given 100 and
      200 micrograms neomycin as compared to animals given no neomycin. These results
      suggest that long-term oral administration of neomycin increases the incidence of
      colon adenocarcinomas.

PMID- 6588233
TI  - Biochemical purification of antineoplastic agents obtained from sturgeon serum.
AB  - Discontinuous and continuous DEAE-Sephadex ion-exchange gradients were utilized
      to purify two sturgeon serum factors (A2 and B2) that possessed cytotoxic
      activity in vitro against human tumor cells but not against normal cells. After
      rabbit antisturgeon factor A2 or B2 was prepared, the antibodies were
      insolubilized. Sturgeon serum then was adsorbed to the insolubilized antibodies,
      and factors A2 and B2 were isolated in quantities large enough to conduct
      biologic studies. When the two factors purified either by ion-exchange
      chromatography or immunoadsorbent columns were examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing, factor A2 consisted
      of one protein band with a molecular weight greater than 68,000 and an
      isoelectric point of approximately 6.5. Likewise, factor B2 also consisted of one
      protein band with a molecular weight in excess of 68,000 and an isoelectric point
      of approximately 7.5. Both factors A2 and B2 were destroyed either by heating at
      56 degrees C for 30 minutes or by heating at 100 degrees C for 2 minutes.
      Furthermore, the mechanism of tumor killing by the sturgeon factors appears to be
      by means of a soluble factor. When the kinetics of tumor killing was studied, the
      sturgeon factors were noncytotoxic after 4 or 8 hours of incubation and became
      cytotoxic after 24 hours of incubation.

PMID- 6588235
TI  - Morphogenesis of minute adenomas in familial polyposis coli.
AB  - The morphogenesis of minute colonic adenomas was investigated by complete serial
      sectioning of human tissues from 4 individuals with familial polyposis coli.
      Minute adenomas, consisting of a few atypical glands, were located in the upper
      part of the mucosa. Single-gland adenomas, consisting of single atypical glands,
      also were located in the upper to superficial part of the mucosa with endophytic
      growth. Twelve lesions smaller than single-gland adenomas also were detected.
      These lesions, buds of single-gland adenomas, consisting of epithelial clusters
      with mild atypia, were located in the middle part of the mucosa and had sprouted
      from normal crypts to the lamina propria. The conclusion was that buds of single
      gland adenomas originate in the proliferative zone of normal crypts, sprout out
      of the lamina propria mucosae, move upward with migration of the epithelial cells
      of the crypts, and are identified as single-gland adenomas in the upper part of
      the mucosa.

PMID- 6588234
TI  - Promotion of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced thyroid tumors by iodine deficiency
      in F344/NCr rats.
AB  - Six-week-old male F344 rats were each given an injection once iv of N-methyl-N
      nitrosourea [(MNU) CAS: 684-93-5] at a dose of 41.2 mg/kg body weight. Two weeks
      later, groups of rats were placed on iodine-deficient (ID) or iodine-adequate
      (IA) diets and then sacrificed at 20 and 33 weeks. Other groups received ID or IA
      diets without MNU. For localizing thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and
      prolactin, sections of pituitary glands were stained by the avidin-biotin
      peroxidase complex technique with the use of anti-rat TSH or prolactin antibody.
      At 20 weeks, rats receiving MNU and ID diets had a 100% incidence of diffuse
      follicular goiter and multiple follicular adenomas of the thyroid. Focal
      proliferative thyroid follicular lesions including focal hyperplasias and
      adenomas per square centimeter of thyroid gland were significantly increased in
      rats given MNU and ID diets in comparison with rats given MNU and IA diets. At 33
      weeks, all MNU rats on ID diets had a significantly increased incidence of
      thyroid carcinoma of the follicular or papillary types and diffuse pituitary
      thyrotroph hyperplasia, hypertrophy, and vacuolar degeneration. Rats fed ID diets
      without MNU had diffuse follicular goiter but no tumors at any time period. MNU
      given alone in rats fed IA diets induced a 10% incidence of single thyroid
      adenomas at 20 weeks and 70% at 33 weeks and a 10% incidence of thyroid carcinoma
      at 33 weeks. Tumors induced in other organs by MNU were not affected by the ID
      diets. Thus this experiment provided evidence that ID diets are potent promoters
      of thyroid tumors in this system, but the ID diet itself without carcinogen was
      not carcinogenic under the conditions of the study.

PMID- 6588237
TI  - Cutaneous malignant melanoma and indicators of total accumulated exposure to the
      sun: an analysis separating histogenetic types.
AB  - Evidence associating malignant melanoma with semiquantitative and questionnaire
      indicators of past sunlight exposure is presented from a case-control study of
      511 patients and 511 matched control subjects in Western Australia. That melanoma
      is related to sun exposure was supported by associations with actinic skin damage
      graded by cutaneous microtopography, history of nonmelanotic skin cancer,
      duration of residence of migrants to Australia, and mean annual hours of bright
      sunshine received at locations where the subjects had resided. Separate analyses
      of histogenetic subtypes revealed that Hutchinson's melanotic freckle melanoma
      had the strongest associations with indicators of sunlight exposure. For
      superficial spreading melanoma, a specific relationship was observed with age at
      arrival as against duration of residence in Australia. Migrants arriving before
      age 10 years appeared to have a risk similar to that of native-born Australians,
      whereas the estimated incidence in those arriving after age 15 years was around
      one-quarter of the native-born rate, with arrival at later ages giving no
      additional advantage. Control subjects arriving in Australia before age 10 years
      had an increased number of nevi on their arms, suggesting that sun exposure in
      early life may be a factor in nevus production and, therefore, a determinant of
      later potential to develop superficial spreading melanoma.

PMID- 6588236
TI  - Production of a cytotoxin from phorbol myristate acetate-treated human
      promyelocytes.
AB  - Human promyelocytic leukemia cells, when differentiated into macrophages by
      treatment with phorbol myristate acetate, secrete a cytolytic factor. Enhanced
      production was achieved when the cultures were treated with bacterial
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Production of the factor was inhibited when cultures
      were treated with dactinomycin immediately after LPS treatment. Tritirachium
      alkaline proteinase treatment inactivated the factor, indicating that it has an
      essential protein moiety. The molecular weight was found to be approximately
      40,000 by Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration. The factor was stable at 56 degrees C
      for 30 minutes, but 80% of the activity was inactivated at 70 degrees C in 30
      minutes. The factor was destroyed (96%) by dialysis against 0.01 M HCl (pH 2) for
      14 hours. The cytolytic factor had little activity on normal fibroblasts, but it
      was able to significantly kill transformed cells in vitro.

PMID- 6588238
TI  - N-nitrosation of proline in smokers and nonsmokers.
AB  - Endogenous nitrosation of proline was investigated in smokers and nonsmokers.
      Volunteers consumed a volume of beet juice equivalent to 325 mg nitrate, and 1
      hour later they consumed 500 mg proline. In separate experiments volunteers
      ingested proline alone. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected and
      analyzed for N-nitrosoproline. When proline alone was ingested, there was no
      significant difference in urinary nitrosoproline excretion between smokers and
      nonsmokers. When beet juice and proline were consumed, however, smokers produced
      approximately 2.5 times as much N-nitrosoproline as nonsmokers. Salivary
      thiocyanate levels were approximately 3.2 times higher in smokers compared to
      those in nonsmokers. Salivary nitrite levels of smokers and nonsmokers, either
      before or after beet juice consumption, were not different. Salivary nitrate
      concentrations, however, were higher in nonsmokers than in smokers after beet
      juice consumption but not before. Our results suggest that the higher level of
      salivary thiocyanate in smokers is responsible for the increased rate of
      endogenous nitrosation of proline in this group compared to the rate in
      nonsmokers. Nitrosating agents in cigarette smoke do not appear to play a
      significant role.

PMID- 6588240
TI  - Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Nutrition and Metabolism in
      Renal Disease. September 1-4, 1982, Marseilles, France.

PMID- 6588239
TI  - Incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma and mycosis fungoides in the United States
      including Puerto Rico, 1973-81.
AB  - The incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) was examined with the use of data from the
      Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer
      Institute. KS is a manifestation of the recent epidemic of acquired
      immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) that has occurred particularly among homosexual
      men. The incidence of KS in 1973-79 was found to be higher (0.29 male and 0.07
      female cases/100,000/yr) than is usually cited for the pre-AIDS KS incidence
      rates. Collectively, the 9 SEER registries in the United States showed only a
      slight increase in the incidence of KS between 1973-79 and 1980-81. However, the
      SEER registry covering San Francisco, which is a high-risk area for AIDS, showed
      a marked excess of KS in 1981. The KS case rate among never-married men younger
      than 50 years old, a surrogate index of homosexuality, was found to be markedly
      elevated in the post-AIDS period, compared with the case rate of a reference
      disease, mycosis fungoides. Never-married men younger than 50 years old,
      therefore, constitute a SEER-identifiable population who can be monitored for
      risk of KS and other neoplasms that might be related to AIDS. In addition, the
      incidence rate of KS in the SEER registry of Puerto Rico was generally higher
      than that in the U.S. SEER registries, despite data that suggested that KS may be
      underreported. The demographic characteristics of patients diagnosed as having KS
      in Puerto Rico suggested the classical rather than the AIDS-related form of KS.

PMID- 6588241
TI  - Glucose interorgan exchange in chronic renal failure.
AB  - The mechanisms responsible for the altered glucose metabolism observed in chronic
      renal failure (CRF) were investigated in the postabsorptive state. In 11 patients
      with CRF and in 15 subjects with normal renal function, the hepato-splanchnic
      (HS), leg, and brain exchanges of glucose were measured; the HS exchange of
      gluconeogenic amino acids was also evaluated. Patients with CRF had normal
      glucose levels, whereas insulin levels and the ratio of insulin to glucose were
      significantly increased in comparison with controls. In CRF, HS glucose output
      was slightly lower in comparison with controls (0.46 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.57 +/- 0.04
      mmoles/min X 1.73 m2 in controls; P less than 0.1). Arterial levels of alanine
      and glycine and their uptake by the HS bed were similar in both groups, but in
      CRF HS serine uptake disappeared, mainly as a consequence of a reduction of its
      fractional extraction. Conversely, a significant proline extraction became
      evident, primarily depending on the increased arterial levels of this amino acid.
      The total HS uptake of potential gluconeogenic amino acids was not different in
      the two groups, and its ratio to glucose output was increased in CRF (28.0 +/-
      4.7 vs. 16.0 +/- 1.9 in controls). In CRF, the arterial-femoral venous
      differences of glucose were significantly reduced (0.11 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.25 +/-
      0.04 mmoles/liter in controls), as was the fractional extraction of glucose in
      the leg. Finally, in CRF both glucose uptake and its fractional extraction by the
      brain were unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6588243
TI  - Recent advances in factors that alter lipid metabolism in chronic renal failure.
AB  - The following conclusions and speculations can be tentatively drawn from the
      changes in lipoprotein composition and metabolism: (1) The presence of apo B-48
      in serum VLDL and the high serum apo A-IV concentrations indicate a greater than
      normal contribution of alimentary remnant particles to the hypertriglyceridemia
      of uremic patients, (2) The presence of apo E and C in triglyceride-enriched
      serum LDL, together with the triglyceride enrichment of all lipoproteins,
      probably stems from a deficiency of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase
      (HL) activity, (3) The decreased ratio of serum apo C-II/C-III in VLDL is at
      least in part responsible for the depressed activity of LPL, (4) The accumulation
      of lipoprotein particles with distorted apoprotein and lipid patterns
      (particularly beta-VLDL with enrichment in cholesterol) could be associated with
      an increased atherogenesis because a recent study has demonstrated a strong
      association between raised serum IDL and VLDL concentrations and the degree of
      coronary atherosclerosis, (5) The increased apo E content of VLDL and HDL in
      uremic patients could particularly point to a disturbed cholesterol metabolism
      because such lipoproteins could interact with LDL at apo B, E receptors, (6) The
      decrease in serum HDL-cholesterol has been shown to be strongly associated with
      atheromatous vascular disease, and this could also hold for uremic patients;
      however, it is probable that low serum HDL-cholesterol together with a diminished
      capacity to form cholesterol-rich, apo E containing HDL represents a decrease in
      the antiatherogenic defense of the organism rather than an increased atherogenic
      potential [21].

PMID- 6588242
TI  - Secondary hyperparathyroidism and glucose intolerance in children with uremia.
AB  - Glucose metabolism was studied using the glucose clamp technique in 8 children
      with CRF (4 pubertal and 4 prepubertal) before and after correction of secondary
      hyperparathyroidism (HPD) by a regime of phosphate binders and dietary phosphate
      restriction. Glucose metabolic rate (M) increased by 34%, insulin response (I)
      increased by 32%, and insulin sensitivity (M/I) did not change. Compared to
      corresponding normal values, these patients were glucose-intolerant (low M)
      before treatment and became glucose-tolerant after treatment (normal M). They
      were insulin-resistant (low M/I) before treatment and remained so after
      treatment. The 5 uremic children without secondary HPD were treated with the same
      regime to prevent the secondary HPD. Their M, I, and M/I did not change after
      treatment. The change in I correlated closely with the change in M in all 13
      patients. One pubertal patient with uremia was studied on three occasions.
      Initially, without secondary HPD, he had a normal M and a low M/I. When he
      developed secondary HPD, M decreased by 39%, I decreased by 37%, and M/I did not
      change. Treatment of his secondary HPD restored M and I values back to initial
      levels, and M/I again did not change. Treatment of secondary HPD by correction of
      phosphate retention led to an improvement of glucose intolerance with an increase
      in insulin secretion.

PMID- 6588244
TI  - Lipid metabolism in acute renal failure.
AB  - Plasma lipid and lipoprotein composition was investigated in acute renal failure
      (ARF). Forty-seven percent of the patients showed hypertriglyceridemia, whereas
      serum cholesterol was slightly reduced. Triglyceride (TG) content, predominantly
      of LDL and to a lesser degree of VLDL, was elevated. Cholesterol concentrations
      of HDL and LDL fractions were markedly reduced. HDL-TG and VLDL-cholesterol were
      in the normal range. Forty percent of the patients had a type IV
      hyperlipoproteinemia. Post-heparin lipolytic activity (PHLA) was reduced owing to
      an inhibition of hepatic-TG-lipase (HTGL) activity, whereas protamine-inactivated
      LPL was in the normal range. Fractional elimination (K2) of parenterally
      administered fat emulsions, determined by an intravenous fat tolerance test
      (IVFTT) was reduced to 2.44% min, about half of normal. The fat elimination rate
      increased but did not normalize during parenteral nutrition with amino acids and
      glucose, suggesting enhanced lipid deposition. Alterations of lipid metabolism
      develop early in ARF (by 4 days) and, in general, are not influenced by residual
      renal function, urinary output, or duration of renal failure.

PMID- 6588245
TI  - Quantitative assessment of carnitine loss during hemodialysis and hemofiltration.
AB  - Carnitine deficiency has been claimed to be responsible for the myo- and cardio
      myopathy observed in dialysis patients and has been attributed to the loss of
      carnitine during dialysis. To quantitate carnitine loss, we determined the
      carnitine concentrations in 29 patients on chronic hemodialysis, 10 patients on
      chronic hemofiltration, and 8 patients on CAPD. Mean plasma carnitine levels in
      hemodialysis and hemofiltration patients (39.8 +/- 2.7 mumoles/liter; N = 39)
      were significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than in controls (49.8 +/- 2.0
      mumoles/liter; N = 43). Hemodialysis or hemofiltration led to a further reduction
      (33.2 +/- 3.5 mumoles/liter; P less than 0.001). There was no significant
      difference in the mean plasma carnitine level between CAPD patients (40.0 +/- 5.7
      mumoles/liter) and controls. Hemofiltration treatment resulted in a weekly loss
      of 795 +/- 84 mumoles of carnitine. This was significantly lower (P less than
      0.0001) than the urinary carnitine excretion in healthy controls (1534 +/- 134
      mumoles per week; N = 27) and the carnitine elimination in the dialysate of CAPD
      patients (1905 +/- 236.6 mumoles per week; N = 8). It is concluded that carnitine
      deficiency in dialysis patients cannot be explained by loss into dialysate or
      filtrate. Because intestinal reabsorption of carnitine does not seem to be
      impaired, decreased endogenous carnitine synthesis is considered as the most
      plausible explanation for the moderate degree of carnitine deficiency observed in
      dialysis patients.

PMID- 6588246
TI  - Muscle intracellular electrolytes in patients with chronic uremia.
AB  - We performed 182 percutaneous muscle biopsies in 161 nondialyzed or dialyzed
      patients with chronic renal failure. Muscle sodium (NaM), potassium (KM),
      magnesium (MgM) and phosphorus (PM) were determined by neutron activation
      analysis and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Intracellular water (H2OI) in
      muscle was increased in all groups of uremic patients but was not correlated with
      total muscle water (H2OM) which varied with the content of extracellular water
      (H2OE). In the nondialyzed patients KM, MgM, and PM were normal in relation to
      fat free solids (FFS). KM/MgM and KM/PM were also normal. Alkali soluble muscle
      protein (ASP) was low, and KM/ASP was significantly increased. In hemodialyzed
      patients and in predialysis peritoneal dialysis patients, KM/FFS and KM/MgM were
      high. For 22 to 24 hours after peritoneal dialysis, H2OM, H2OE, ClM, NaM, KM, and
      PM fell significantly, but H2OI was unchanged. The calculated intracellular
      potassium concentration (KI/H2OI) was significantly reduced in all groups of
      patients, even though KM was normal or increased. This decrease became more
      marked when calculating H2OE, H2OI, and KI/H2OI with the chloride method,
      assuming a reduced muscle transmembrane potential. There was a covariation
      between KM and PM, KM and H2OI, and KM and plasma potassium, but not between MgM
      and plasma magnesium or PM and plasma inorganic phosphate. Thus, typical features
      of chronically uremic muscle are an increase in intracellular water and normal or
      increased content of potassium in relation to various reference bases
      representing cell mass. However, the concentration of potassium in intracellular
      fluid is reduced, presumably because of inhibition of the sodium pump, which
      reduces transmembrane potential and interferes with the volume regulation of the
      muscle cells.

PMID- 6588247
TI  - Role of intracellular calcium and calmodulin in cellular metabolism: possible
      implications for renal failure.

PMID- 6588248
TI  - Branched-chain amino acid metabolism in chronic renal failure.
AB  - Interorgan exchange of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in the postabsorptive
      state was evaluated in 16 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and in 20
      subjects with normal renal function, by measuring arterial-venous differences of
      BCAAs across the leg, brain, hepato-splanchnic (HS) bed, and kidney. In CRF,
      arterial blood levels of valine are significantly reduced, whereas leucine and
      isoleucine levels are not different from controls; valine and leucine levels are
      directly related to GFR. In CRF, a significant decrease in the release of valine
      by the leg is observed; the leucine release tends to be lower; for both these
      amino acids, leg release is directly related to their arterial levels. Both
      ratios of valine and leucine release to total amino acid release by the leg are
      significantly reduced in CRF. Furthermore, in CRF cerebral uptake and fractional
      extraction of valine and isoleucine are decreased. In normal subjects, valine and
      leucine are significantly extracted by the HS bed, whereas in CRF the HS uptake
      of valine and its fractional extraction fall significantly and leucine uptake is
      unchanged. The kidney releases significant amounts of leucine both in CRF and in
      controls. In conclusion, in CRF in the postabsorptive state the exchange of
      BCAAs, mainly valine, is altered rather early at the major sites of production
      and utilization, and the flux of these amino acids among the organs is decreased.
      The primary defect is the decreased output by peripheral tissue, which reduces
      the supply of BCAAs to the brain and HS bed. Regional metabolic disturbances
      further impair BCAA utilization.

PMID- 6588249
TI  - Ratio of parathyroid hormone to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in early renal
      failure.

PMID- 6588250
TI  - Alterations of serum reverse triiodothyronine and thyroxine kinetics in chronic
      renal failure: role of nutritional status, chronic illness, uremia, and
      hemodialysis.
AB  - atients with end-stage chronic renal failure (CRF) and those receiving dialysis
      therapy have normal or decreased serum total T4 (TT4), reduced serum total T3
      (TT3), and normal total reverse T3 (TrT3) levels. Those with nonrenal
      nonthyroidal illnesses or malnutrition have low TT4 and TT3 but elevated TrT3
      values. To evaluate the mechanism(s) for the normal TrT3 levels in CRF, we
      performed intravenous bolus kinetic studies of rT3 and T4 in patients with CRF,
      in those treated with chronic hemodialysis, in patients with nonrenal
      nonthyroidal illnesses, and in normal subjects. The CRF patients were selected to
      have good nutritional status as indicated by normal serum transferrin, relative
      body weight, and body mass index values. The CRF patients had normal TrT3, TT4,
      and free T4 values, increased free fraction of rT3, free rT3, and thyroxine
      binding globulin levels, and decreased TT3 concentrations. Noncompartmental
      analysis of the rT3 kinetics indicated normal production rate, reduced cellular
      clearance rate, and increased pool size and residence time values in both the CRF
      and nonrenal patients. In CRF, the serum clearance rate was normal, but the
      fractional rate of exit, permeability, extravascular binding, and the apparent
      volume of distribution were increased. In contrast, the nonrenal patients had
      reduced serum clearance rate, permeability, and extravascular binding, whereas
      the fractional rate of exit and apparent volume of distribution were not
      significantly altered. The T4 kinetics in CRF paralleled those of the nonrenal
      patients, with a reduced fractional rate of exit and permeability in both
      groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6588251
TI  - Erythropoietin and uremic toxicity during continuous ambulatory peritoneal
      dialysis.
AB  - This study examined the effect of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
      (CAPD) on erythropoiesis and macrophage function. The parameters evaluated were
      hemoglobin, erythropoiesis-stimulating factor(s) (ESF), and the inhibitory effect
      of patients' plasma and peritoneal dialysate on erythropoiesis in vitro and on
      the function of macrophages from normal humans cultured in vitro. ESF was
      determined by a cell culture assay using hepatic erythroid colony forming cells
      (CFUE) from newborn mice. The uremic inhibitory effect on macrophages cultured in
      vitro was expressed as macrophage survival in percentage of controls. Five
      patients were studied, one of whom was anephric. Hemoglobin increased, without
      blood transfusions during CAPD treatment, suggesting improved erythropoiesis.
      Plasma ESF increased in all patients; dialysate ESF increased in all but one
      patient. Survival of macrophage in vitro, incubated with plasma or dialysate,
      also improved. In two patients, the inhibitory effect of plasma samples on
      erythropoiesis in vitro decreased during CAPD treatment. These observations
      indicate that CAPD removes inhibitors of erythropoiesis and human macrophage
      function in vitro, and are consistent with transport of inhibitory substances of
      high molecular weight into the peritoneal cavity. The anephric patient showed
      improvement of erythropoiesis similar to that of the nephric patients, indicating
      that the kidney may not be the main producer of erythropoietin (Ep) in patients
      undergoing CAPD. Peritoneal macrophages may be a site of extrarenal Ep production
      in this situation. With regard to the parameters studied, CAPD treatment is
      superior to conventional hemodialysis.

PMID- 6588252
TI  - Gastrointestinal blood loss in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis.
AB  - Gastrointestinal blood loss was measured for 14 days in 19 patients treated by
      hemodialysis and in 2 patients treated by chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
      51Cr was used as a marker for erythrocytes. Fecal blood loss was 5.0 +/- 3.3
      ml/day in hemodialysis patients who were not taking drugs affecting thrombocyte
      aggregation and 4.6 +/- 4.3 ml/day in those receiving sulfinpyrazone. There was
      no relationship between the severity of anemia, duration of dialysis, dose of
      heparin, grade of uremic intoxication, or dose of aluminum hydroxide and amount
      of fecal blood loss. It is concluded that gastrointestinal blood loss is not a
      major determinant of anemia in chronic renal failure. However, sulfinpyrazone is
      preferable to acetylsalicylic acid for prevention of shunt thrombosis in uremic
      patients because of their propensity for gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 6588253
TI  - Abnormal norepinephrine release in uremia.
AB  - Sympathetic nervous activity, which we defined as the relative rate of appearance
      of norepinephrine (NE) in plasma, was investigated in normal men (control) and
      uremic patients with two-step steady-state cold NE infusions. Both basal venous
      NE and the NE metabolic clearance rate (CNE, calculated from the infusion rate
      and the steady-state increment in venous NE) were higher in patients than in
      controls. The calculated appearance rate of NE in venous plasma (CNE X basal NE)
      was much higher in the patients, suggesting increased NE release and therefore
      sympathetic nervous hyperactivity in these patients. Of interest was the fall in
      both CNE and NE appearance rate at the higher infusion rate in controls, but not
      patients. These data suggest that circulating NE may normally suppress
      sympathetic nervous activity, but that this negative feedback mechanism is
      impaired in uremia.

PMID- 6588254
TI  - Regulation of biosynthesis of guanidinosuccinic acid in isolated rat hepatocytes
      and in vivo.
AB  - To clarify the metabolic pathway of guanidinosuccinic acid (GSA), we investigated
      the relationship between GSA synthesis and the urea cycle. In isolated rat
      hepatocytes, GSA formation increased as urea concentration was raised; the effect
      of urea was not modified by the addition of ammonium chloride. Other urea cycle
      intermediates, including arginine and cyanate, a degradation product of urea,
      failed to stimulate GSA synthesis. Ornithine and arginine, which stimulate urea
      synthesis, strongly inhibited urea-stimulated GSA synthesis in the presence of 10
      mM ammonium chloride, but the inhibitory effect of ornithine was not observed
      when ammonium chloride was not present. Citrulline (5 mM) strongly inhibited urea
      stimulated GSA synthesis with or without ammonium chloride. D,L-norvaline, which
      inhibits urea cycle enzymes, strongly inhibited GSA synthesis. Following urea
      injection, hepatic GSA levels also increased in vivo, but there was little change
      in hepatic arginine. However, the addition of ornithine or D,L-norvaline
      inhibited the production of hepatic GSA, although arginine was increased
      substantially. These results indicate that GSA synthesis occurs in rat
      hepatocytes and is stimulated by urea. The data also suggest that the urea cycle
      enzymes catalyze some of the biochemical reactions in the GSA synthetic pathway.

PMID- 6588255
TI  - Evidence for generation of the precarcinogen nitrosodimethylamine in the small
      intestine in chronic renal failure.
AB  - We have previously reported raised concentrations of dimethylamine and also
      bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine in CRF. Evidence for in vivo NDMA
      formation in the same site in CRF is now presented. Gastroduodenal intubation was
      performed in 9 healthy volunteers and 7 patients with advanced chronic renal
      failure. Blood, gastric, and duodenal aspirates were analyzed for NDMA. NDMA
      levels in control and CRF patients for blood were normal, but for gastric
      aspirate they were 67 +/- 13 and 312 +/- 68 (P less than 0.001) and for duodenal
      aspirate they were 70 +/- 21 and 319 +/- 47 (P less than 0.001), respectively.
      The results of bacterial cultures confirmed small intestinal bacterial
      overgrowth. We thus demonstrated statistically significant differences between
      NDMA concentrations in the control subjects and patients for both gastric and
      duodenal aspirates. This suggests that there is increased intestinal generation
      of NDMA in uremia. The presence of this precarcinogen may be linked with the
      reported increase in the incidence of cancer in CRF.

PMID- 6588256
TI  - Influence of chronic renal failure on protein synthesis in rat liver and muscle.
AB  - Protein-synthetic activity in the liver and muscle of rats with chronic renal
      failure (CRF) of 2 weeks' duration was studied by examining RNA/DNA ratios and
      polysome profiles and in vitro protein synthetic activity of isolated polysomes.
      CRF was found to cause differential effects on protein synthesis in the liver and
      muscle. In the liver, CRF caused impairment of protein synthesis only in the fed
      condition; CRF rats maintained the same "basal" protein synthetic activity as the
      sham-operated control rats upon 18 hours' starvation. In the muscle, the effect
      of CRF was manifested only in the starved condition; CRF caused extensive
      disaggregation of polysomes when animals were starved. It is proposed that the
      muscle serves as a "reserve" protein when animals sustain a protein-catabolic
      state such as CRF.

PMID- 6588257
TI  - Serum levels of polyamines in patients with chronic renal failure.
AB  - Serum levels of total putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine and spermine were
      measured in 10 normal subjects, 11 nondialyzed patients with chronic renal
      failure, and 25 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. The measurement of
      the serum levels of four polyamines was done with high-performance cation
      exchange chromatographic separation and fluorometric detection using o
      phtalaldehyde. In normal subjects, the serum levels of putrescine and spermine
      were 0.24 +/- 0.09 and 0.20 +/- 0.05 nmoles/ml. In patients with chronic renal
      failure, the levels of polyamines were obtained in the order of putrescine,
      cadaverine, spermidine, and spermine: 0.51 +/- 0.15; 0.05 +/- 0.01; 0.34 +/-
      0.08; and 0.05 +/- 0.04 nmoles/ml. In dialyzed patients, predialysis values of
      polyamines in the same order as above were: 0.88 +/- 0.31; 0.12 +/- 0.10; 0.67 +/
      0.31; and 0.09 +/- 0.08 nmoles/ml. The results show that, compared to normal
      subjects, the serum levels of all four polyamines are significantly elevated
      either in nondialyzed patients with chronic renal failure or in dialyzed
      patients. In dialyzed patients, the postdialysis putrescine and spermidine levels
      are significantly low. Serum levels of putrescine and spermidine are both
      significantly correlated with serum urea nitrogen and serum creatinine in a
      combined group of normal subjects and patients with chronic renal failure. In
      dialyzed patients, none of the four polyamine serum levels show correlations
      either with serum urea nitrogen or serum creatinine; with hematocrit, only
      spermine exhibits a correlationship, whereas other polyamines do not.

PMID- 6588258
TI  - Isolation of inhibitors of ligand: albumin-binding from uremic body fluids and
      normal urine.
AB  - Unknown ligands that are retained in renal failure bind to albumin and impair
      binding of endogenous metabolites and many drugs. We previously showed that an
      extract from uremic serum can induce a similar abnormality in normal plasma.
      These binding inhibitors are also present in normal urine. In the present studies
      we showed by analytical reversed-phase HPLC that the extract of uremic serum
      contained over 50 UV absorbing peaks. Preparative anion-exchange chromatography
      of extracts of normal urine and uremic pleural fluid yielded three to four peaks
      of phenytoin-binding inhibitory activity. The largest peak from normal urine was
      shown by proton NMR and mass spectroscopy to contain hippuric acid. An earlier
      eluting peak was found by HPLC to contain several inhibitors-one was definitely
      identified as p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and a second as probably beta-(m
      hydroxyphenyl)-hydracrylic acid. These methods may be useful for identifying
      other uremic toxins. The binding abnormality and perhaps other uremic
      derangements result from the total effect of a family of toxins rather than from
      the action of a single retained solute.

PMID- 6588259
TI  - Dietary protein and the progression of renal disease.

PMID- 6588260
TI  - Adverse effect of proteins on remnant kidney: dissociation from that of other
      nutrients.
AB  - Several experiments have shown that deterioration of renal parenchyma after
      reduction of functional mass is affected by the protein content of the diet. The
      respective role of proteins and that of other nutrients that vary with proteins
      were never clearly separated. Three groups of 9 uremic rats received diets
      differing exclusively in protein (casein) content, which was 8% (group 1), 16%
      (group 2), and 32% (group 3). Energy and minerals were maintained identical. Food
      intake was similar in groups 1 and 2 and was lower in group 3. Mortality rate
      remained closely related to protein intake. Of group 3 rats, 78% died within 10
      weeks and 100% within 15 weeks. Of group 2 rats, 56% were dead at week 15, and
      100% at week 30. Mortality occurred significantly later in group-1 rats fed the
      lowest protein diet. Histology of remnant kidneys showed severe glomerular and
      tubular damage, with no or little calcium deposits despite normal phosphorus diet
      and frequent hyperphosphatemia. These data suggest that protein intake,
      independent of any other nutrient, influences survival by accelerating the renal
      damage in rats with reduced kidney mass.

PMID- 6588261
TI  - Improved dietary treatment with low protein and phosphorus restriction in uremic
      rats.
AB  - The independent effect of low-protein or low-phosphorus diets in chronic renal
      failure were studied. The following four isocaloric diets, which contained
      various amounts of protein (24%, 6%) and phosphorus (0.5%, 0.12%) were fed to
      chronically uremic rats: high protein and no phosphorus restriction (HPrNP), high
      protein and phosphorus restriction (HPrRP), low protein and no phosphorus
      restriction (LPrNP), and low protein and phosphorus restriction (LPrRP). Adult
      male rats were made chronically uremic by electrocoagulation of one kidney and
      contralateral nephrectomy. Two grades of renal damage were produced, one of which
      was mild and the other severe. The mean number of days of survival in the
      severely uremic animals was 7.5 +/- (SEM) 2.5 with the HPrNP diet, 17.6 +/- 2.4
      with the HPrRP diet, 20.3 +/- 2.3 with the LPrNP diet, and over 41.8 +/- 2.5 with
      the LPrRP diet during a 50-day period of observation. The BUN, serum creatinine
      (SCr), calcium (SCa), phosphorus (SP), urea and creatinine clearances (Curea,
      CCr), and plasma PTH levels before and 3 weeks after the diets were compared in
      the surviving rats with mild and severe uremia. There were marked reductions in
      the BUN and SP concentrations with the low-protein diets, whereas the SCa
      increased with all diets. Curea remained practically unchanged with the low
      protein diets, whereas CCr decreased with all diets. Plasma PTH levels varied
      with each diet, but those rats with elevated PTH levels before dietary therapy
      experienced a fall in plasma PTH after the low-phosphorus diets were
      administered, with or without protein restriction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6588262
TI  - Focal glomerulosclerosis in obese zucker rats and prevention of its development.
AB  - Genetically obese Zucker rats develop a spontaneous glomerular disease. The
      mechanism of development of this lesion is poorly understood. We therefore
      examined structural alterations of the kidneys by light microscopy and by use of
      nephron dissection technique. The glomerular lesion was a focal segmental
      sclerosis that developed in association with glomerular enlargement and with
      prominent dilation of collecting and connecting tubular lumina. Reduction of
      dietary intake in these obese rats prevented the emergence of glomerulomegaly,
      glomerulosclerosis, and tubular dilation. The development of the
      glomerulosclerosis might be related to glomerulomegaly. In addition, the
      prominent dilation of collecting and connecting tubules without evidence of
      obstruction of lower urinary tract indicated that there was intrarenal tubular
      obstruction.

PMID- 6588263
TI  - Retardation of the progression of renal insufficiency in patients treated with
      low-protein diets.

PMID- 6588264
TI  - Early dietary protein and phosphorus restriction is effective in delaying
      progression of chronic renal failure.
AB  - A diet containing about 40 kcal/kg, 0.6 g/kg of protein, 700 mg of phosphorus,
      and 1,000 to 1,500 mg of calcium (orally supplemented) was prescribed to three
      groups of patients with chronic renal failure for 6 to 76 months. The mean serum
      creatinine values were 2.18 mg/dl in group 1 (25 patients), 4.24 mg/dl in group 2
      (20 patients), and 6.10 mg/dl in group 3 (8 patients). An additional group of 30
      patients (group 4) who had followed no specific dietary treatment for 3 to 72
      months was taken as control. The plots of reciprocal serum creatinine against
      time gave slopes of -0.0008, -0.0010, and -0.0041 in the three groups of patients
      on the protein-restricted diet, and a slope of -0.020 in the patients on the free
      diet. The differences between the slopes in patients in groups 1, 2, and 3 versus
      that in patients in group 4 are statistically significant (analysis of variance
      and F ratio: P less than 0.01). During the follow-up period a decline in
      reciprocal serum creatinine greater than the mean values in the whole group was
      observed in 37.5% of patients in group 3, in 20% of those in group 2, and in only
      12% of those in group 1. Thus, the degree of functional renal deterioration is
      critical in modulating the effects of dietary protein and phosphorus restriction.
      Several nonimmunologic factors, including hypertension, infection, electrolyte
      abnormalities, and low-calorie intake, appeared to play an important role in
      influencing the rate of progression of renal failure in patients on dietary
      protein restriction.

PMID- 6588265
TI  - Supplements containing amino acids and keto acids in the treatment of chronic
      uremia.
AB  - Three mixtures containing varying proportions of threonine, tyrosine, and the
      ornithine, lysine, and histidine salts of branched-chain keto acids have been
      tested as dietary supplements to a 20- to 25-g mixed-quality protein diet in
      patients with severe chronic uremia. Two of the three supplements improved the
      abnormalities of plasma amino acid concentrations, and slowed or arrested
      progression of renal insufficiency. The second supplement, which contained less
      threonine and lysine, led to subnormal plasma concentrations of these two amino
      acids and aggravated hypophosphatemia. The third supplement, which also contained
      a small amount of the hydroxy analogue of methionine, was the most effective in
      slowing progression. The results emphasize the importance of optimizing the
      composition of such supplements.

PMID- 6588267
TI  - Therapeutic benefits of exercise training for hemodialysis patients.
AB  - Twenty-five hemodialysis patients were randomized into comparable exercising (E,
      N = 14) and sedentary control (N = 11) groups. After baseline testing, training
      was 3 to 5 times weekly for a mean of 12 +/- 4 (SD) months. Maximal aerobic
      capacity increased 21% (P less than 0.01), and the durations for the graded
      exercise stress test improved 19% (P less than 0.01) in E, but did not change in
      controls (8 +/- 4 months). Declining blood pressures in 8 hypertensive E led to
      reductions in antihypertensive medications; no changes occurred in 9 hypertensive
      controls. Exercise lowered plasma total triglyceride levels 33% (280 +/- 258 to
      175 +/- 95 mg/dl; P less than 0.01), but no change occurred in total and low
      density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. High-density lipoprotein
      cholesterol levels rose 16% in E (31 +/- 9 to 36 +/- 12 mg/dl; P less than 0.02),
      but did not change in controls. An increase in the affinity of insulin for
      receptors on mononuclear cells was associated with a 20% decrease in fasting
      plasma insulin levels (24 +/- 7 to 19 +/- 2 microU/ml, N = 8; P less than 0.05)
      and a 42% improvement in glucose disappearance rates (1.9 +/- 1.0 to 2.6 +/- 1.2%
      per min, N = 6) in E. There were no changes in the body weights or diets of the
      patients. A 27% increase in red blood cell mass (P less than 0.02) with no change
      in plasma volume resulted in a 27% increase in hematocrit (24 +/- 3% to 31 +/-
      5%, P less than 0.01) and a 20% increase in hemoglobin (8 +/- 1 to 10 +/- 2 g/dl;
      P less than 0.01) in E.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6588266
TI  - Comparison of three low-nitrogen diets containing essential amino acids and their
      alpha analogues for severely uremic children.
AB  - Six infants, 4.5 to 19 months old, whose creatinine clearance was less than 6
      ml/min/1.73 m2 received, successively, three low-nitrogen diets. Diet A contained
      9.3 g of human milk protein; and diet B, 4.2 g of human milk protein plus
      synthetic essential amino acids. Diet C was the same as B except that five
      essential amino acids were replaced by alpha-keto and hydroxy analogs. Serum urea
      decreased as the infants were transferred from diet A to diets B and C, and the
      serum urea/creatinine ratio decreased from diet A to diet B and from diet B to
      diet C. Urea appearance was 14.8 +/- 4.5, 9.1 +/- 4.3, and 6.9 +/- 1.7
      mmoles/day, with diets A, B, and C, respectively. Weight gain was also lowest
      with diet C, as was the difference between nitrogen intake and urea nitrogen
      appearance, an indicator of nitrogen balance. Plasma free amino acids were not
      modified by diets A and B, but valine, leucine, and the plasma free essential
      amino acid pool decreased significantly with diet C.

PMID- 6588268
TI  - Effect of acute uremia on protein degradation and amino acid release in the rat
      hemicorpus.
AB  - Protein synthesis and degradation and net uptake and release of amino acids and
      minerals were investigated in the perfused hemicorpus of acutely uremic and sham
      operated control Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats underwent bilateral nephrectomy or
      sham surgery and were studied 30 hours after surgery. The uremic rats displayed
      greater urea nitrogen appearance (net urea generation), lower plasma and muscle
      intracellular concentrations of most amino acids, and increased protein
      degradation in the hemicorpus as compared with control animals. Muscle protein
      synthesis was slightly but not significantly decreased in the uremic animals as
      compared with controls. There was greater net release of phenylalanine, tyrosine,
      alanine, total nonessential amino acids, total amino acids, potassium, and
      phosphorus from the perfused hemicorpus of uremic rats and greater release of
      citrulline from sham rats. Muscle ATP, creatine phosphate, and cyclic AMP, and
      muscle cathepsin B1, cathepsin D, and alkaline protease activities were not
      different in the uremic and control rats. These data provide evidence that
      acutely uremic rats have increased muscle protein wasting which is due to
      enhanced protein degradation. The cause of the increased muscle protein
      degradation is unknown.

PMID- 6588269
TI  - Diuretic-induced azotemia: unmasking the role of increased peripheral catabolism
      through evisceration-hepatectomy.
AB  - By abolishing the large splanchnic uptake of amino acids, evisceration
      hepatectomy unmasks the tendency for peripheral tissues to release increased
      amounts of amino acids into the extracellular fluid during sodium depletion. The
      increase in amino acid delivery to the liver may stimulate hepatic urea synthesis
      both by providing more substrates for conversion to urea and perhaps also by
      stimulation of the activity of urea cycle enzymes.

PMID- 6588270
TI  - The relationship between branched-chain amino acids and alpha-keto acids in blood
      in uremia.
AB  - Branched-chain alpha-keto acid (BCKA) supplements are used as a nitrogen-free
      source of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in patients with chronic renal
      failure. Their use is dependent on the freely reversible interconversion of BCKA
      and BCAA in muscle tissue. In a group of eight young adults on dialysis compared
      to 11 normal healthy adults, the ratios of the fasting plasma concentrations of
      leucine and isoleucine to their corresponding alpha-keto acids, alpha-keto
      isocaproic acid and alpha-keto-beta-methyl-eta-valeric acid, respectively, were
      significantly elevated. These ratios appear to be sensitive to changes in
      intracellular glutamate and pyruvate. The ratios increased in seven insulin
      dependent diabetics following insulin withdrawal, a situation where intracellular
      glutamate is increased. The ratios decreased in six normal healthy adults in
      response to submaximal treadmill exercise, a situation where intracellular
      pyruvate is increased. The elevated BCAA/BCKA ratios in uremia could be a
      reflection of reduced peripheral glucose utilization. A consequence of this will
      be enhanced conversion of supplemented BCKA to their corresponding BCAA. The
      close association between muscle BCAA and glucose metabolism suggests that the
      timing of BCKA administration in relation to energy intake might prove important.

PMID- 6588271
TI  - Increased plasma ammonia may inhibit cellular release of branched-chain amino
      acids in systemic portal encephalopathy.
AB  - Plasma amino acid patterns were determined before and after hemofiltration (HF)
      and hemodialysis (HD) in 6 patients with portal systemic encephalopathy (PSE) and
      compared with the plasma AA patterns of 16 patients with chronic renal failure
      (CRF) treated either by HF or HD. The branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) increased
      paradoxically in PSE patients during HF but not with HD. There were no
      differences in BCAA's with HF as compared to HD in the CRF patients. The amount
      of amino acids lost was the same with both treatment modalities and in both
      patient groups. Much of the amino acids lost were released from the intracellular
      space. The BCAA release was significantly higher in PSE patients during HF. No
      correlation was found between plasma insulin, glucagon, and cortisol levels and
      BCAA release. An inverse correlation was found between the amount of BCAA's
      released from the intracellular space and the plasma ammonia levels. It is
      suggested that a selective cellular transport mechanism for BCAA exists which is
      inhibited by high plasma ammonia levels in PSE.

PMID- 6588272
TI  - Peritoneal ammonia, a possible inhibitor for blood amino acid loss.

PMID- 6588274
TI  - Cardiovascular complications of radiographic contrast media.

PMID- 6588273
TI  - Effects of amino acid infusions on cell metabolism in hemodialyzed patients with
      uremia.
AB  - Eighteen uremic patients received i.v. infusions of a mixture of amino acids
      three times per week for 3 months in an effort to improve cellular amino acid
      imbalance and related cell bioactivities. They were a subset of 42 uremic
      patients stabilized by maintenance hemodialysis and were characterized by reduced
      cellular levels of threonine, isoleucine, methionine, and ornithine, with
      increased levels of aspartate, glycine, arginine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine.
      Protein synthesis (3H-leucine incorporation), energy level [energy charge = (ATP
      + 1/2 ADP)-(ATP + ADP + AMP)], and activity of the rate-limiting glycolytic
      enzyme pyruvate kinase were reduced in these patients compared with 32 control
      normal subjects. The circulating leukocyte (88 +/- 5% granulocytes) was used as a
      cell model. Previously, multiple regression best-subset analysis showed that a
      combination of the cell levels of aspartate, valine, isoleucine, ornithine,
      lysine, and tryptophan could "explain" 40% of the variance in protein synthesis
      in these patients. Similarly, a combination of the levels of aspartate, glutamic
      acid, glycine, ornithine, and arginine were "predictive" of the level of energy
      charge. We hypothesized that protein synthesis and energy level would be improved
      if the amino acid infusions normalized the intracellular levels of those amino
      acids that were predictive of the bioactivities. After 3 months of amino acid
      infusions, levels of the predictive intracellular amino acids were not improved,
      but deviated further from baseline values. Failure to detect significant
      improvement in the cell bioactivities is attributed to inability to correct the
      imbalance in the intracellular amino acid pool.

PMID- 6588275
TI  - Left ventricular myxoma: report of a successful surgical excision and review of
      the literature.

PMID- 6588277
TI  - Medical economics--facts and projections.

PMID- 6588276
TI  - Thrombocythemia occurring in a patient with congestive heart failure.

PMID- 6588278
TI  - The significance of bone scan abnormalities in patients with primary osteogenic
      sarcoma.
AB  - The radionuclide bone scans and medical records of 62 patients with osteogenic
      sarcoma were reviewed to determine the significance of abnormalities demonstrated
      by the initial scintigraph at sites other than the primary lesion. 94% (58/62) of
      patients had abnormally increased tracer uptake at sites other than the primary
      tumor location. Eighty percent (49/62) of patients had abnormal bone scans at the
      ipsilateral proximal weight bearing joints. Only two of these patients later
      demonstrated metastatic tumor. Sixty-one percent (38/62) of patients had abnormal
      bone scans at joints distal to the primary tumor and none were due to tumor. Five
      patients ultimately developed osseous metastases at sites that were normal in the
      original scan. The majority of radionuclide bone scan abnormalities occurring at
      the time of diagnosis of osteogenic sarcoma at locations distant from the primary
      tumor site do not represent metastatic disease.

PMID- 6588279
TI  - [Teaching-learning methods of problem-solving process in nursing (2)].

PMID- 6588280
TI  - Second malignant lesions after therapy for Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Among 169 adult pathologically staged patients with Hodgkin's disease who were
      treated at the Mayo Clinic between 1974 and 1978, we identified four cases of
      second malignant lesions that developed. The median duration of follow-up after
      diagnosis for the entire population was 4.1 years. Of the 169 patients, 73
      received irradiation only, 19 received chemotherapy only, and 77 received both
      chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In all four patients with second malignant
      lesions, Hodgkin's disease was in apparent remission at the time of diagnosis of
      the second tumor. These four patients had received either total nodal irradiation
      or six or more cycles of chemotherapy as initial treatment (and one of them had
      received both treatment modalities). Thus, intensive therapy might be
      hypothesized to have played a role in the development of the second malignant
      tumor. To our knowledge, the development of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma within a
      previously irradiated field after treatment of Hodgkin's disease with radiation
      therapy only has not been reported previously. Although further studies with
      longer follow-up should be conducted, our analysis supports a definite risk for
      development of a second malignant lesion not only after combined-modality
      treatment or chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease but also after irradiation only.

PMID- 6588281
TI  - Ontogeny of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and related indolealkylamine levels in
      neonatal rats.
AB  - The present study deals with the measurement of the brain levels of the two
      potent hallucinogens N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and 5-methoxy-N,N
      dimethyltryptamine (OMB), the biogenic amine tryptamine (TA), and its
      condensation product 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline (THBC) in rats of various
      ages. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with isotope dilution, we
      detected DMT, OMB, and THBC in neonatal rats from birth. DMT levels remained low
      until days 12 and 17 at which time they increased significantly and then returned
      to the initial low levels for all subsequent ages. The levels of OMB were higher
      than those measured for DMT with the highest levels being observed at days 12 and
      17, and also on day 31. However, the levels for OMB showed much more variation.
      Although elevated levels of DMT and OMB have been correlated with stress, there
      are no known functions for these compounds. TA levels remained below detection
      limits until day 19. THBC levels were observed to be highest on days 22 and 31.
      The role that THBC plays in mammalian tissues is not known.

PMID- 6588282
TI  - [Significance of the determination of serum CA19.9 in patients with tumor or non
      tumor pancreatopathies].

PMID- 6588283
TI  - [Hypereosinophilia caused by loa-loa filaria].

PMID- 6588285
TI  - [Tourette's syndrome is often misdiagnosed in children].

PMID- 6588284
TI  - [Principles of isolation and identification of various strains of bacteria of the
      Neisseriaceae family. III. Methods and interpretation of the results of
      transformation of streptomycin resistance markers among strains of the genus
      Moraxella].

PMID- 6588286
TI  - The vasorelaxant effect of (+/-)-15-deoxy-16-hydroxy-16(alpha/beta)-vinyl
      prostaglandin E2 (CL 115, 129) and its methyl ester (CL 115, 347) on the isolated
      ductus arteriosus preparation.
AB  - CL 115, 129 and its methyl ester, CL 115, 347, were studied for their
      vasorelaxant effects and compared to that of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and its methyl
      ester on isolated ductus arteriosus (DA) from fetal lambs and rabbits. CL 115,
      129 and CL 115, 347 potently relaxed the oxygen-indomethacin constricted ductus
      in a concentration dependent manner. The threshold concentration was 1 X 10(-12)M
      and the estimated EC50's (M) were 6.9 X 10(-8) and 4.3 X 10(-8), respectively,
      for CL 115, 129 and CL 115, 347. Also confirmed was the vasorelaxant ability of
      PGE2. These studies indicate that the CL compounds possess potent vasorelaxant
      effects on the DA although less potent than PGE2 or its methyl ester.

PMID- 6588287
TI  - Proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells incubated in serum from brain
      stimulated rats.
AB  - Platelet deficient serum prepared from rats subjected to acute electrical
      stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus demonstrated mitogenic activity when
      added to incubating media supporting growth of homologous arterial smooth muscle
      cells in vitro. This activity did not appear to be related to the presence of
      platelet-derived growth factor, hyperlipidemic lipoproteins or increased amounts
      of insulin. Plasma arginine vasopressin concentration was elevated in these
      animals, but further investigation is required to determine if this elevation is
      causally related. Since hypothalamic stimulation is also associated with severe
      endothelial injury in vivo, the mitogenic activity of the blood of such animals
      could induce proliferation of SMC which have migrated into the arterial intima.
      Such features have been observed in chronically stimulated animals and may be of
      relevance for the role of neural factors in atherogenesis.

PMID- 6588288
TI  - Location by DNA sequence analysis of cop mutations affecting the number of
      plasmid copies of prophage P1.
AB  - The DNA sequence of six P1 cop mutants, which are altered in the control of copy
      number of the plasmid prophage, was compared to that of P1 wild type. Each cop
      mutant differs from the wild type by a single base substitution. All of these
      substitutions are located within a 400 base pair region of P1 DNA that also
      encodes rep, a gene whose product is required for P1 replication.

PMID- 6588289
TI  - Evidence of heterokaryosis in streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).
AB  - Hyphae from mixed cultures of complementary auxotrophs of Streptomyces coelicolor
      A3(2) did not grow on minimal media (MM) when fertility plasmids ( SCP1 and SCP2)
      were missing in both strains. The addition of one part per cent of complete
      medium (CM) to MM allowed growth of vigorous colonies among the tiny colonies of
      the parental types. The former, amounting to 1%-10% of the total population,
      turned out to be heterokaryons. They could be propagated on the same medium by
      plating of hyphal fragments. When five parts per cent of CM were added to MM,
      beside the heterokaryotic colonies, vigorous 'spindles' of aerial mycelium were
      formed whenever complementary colonies overlapped. When the SCP1 and SCP2
      plasmids were present in one or both parents a clear constraint on the outburst
      of heterokaryotic aerial mycelium was observed.

PMID- 6588290
TI  - [Intergeneric hydridization of the actinomycetes Streptoverticillium
      mycoheptinicum and Streptomyces coelicolor].
AB  - Intergeneric crossing of the actinomycetes Streptoverticillium mycoheptinicum and
      Streptomyces coelicolor yielded recombinants which were mostly nonviable and
      unstable despite a relatively high frequency (10(-2)-10(-4)) at which their
      colonies appeared. The rare viable and stable recombinants were prototrophs. The
      structure of antibiotics in the hybrid cell may be modified as follows from the
      differences in the antibiotic activity of the LIA-973 hybrid and the parent
      strains.

PMID- 6588291
TI  - Effect of aging on cerebral blood flow autoregulation--with special reference to
      the role of the prostaglandins.

PMID- 6588292
TI  - Cornstarch therapy in type I glycogen-storage disease.

PMID- 6588293
TI  - The bronchoconstrictor effect of inhaled prostaglandin D2 in normal and asthmatic
      men.
AB  - Although prostaglandin D2 is the most abundant prostanoid generated by human lung
      mast cells and causes bronchoconstriction in animals, its effects have not been
      studied in human beings. We have compared the effects of inhaled prostaglandin D2
      and prostaglandin F2 alpha on specific airway conductance in seven normal
      subjects and seven patients with mild allergic asthma. In dose-response studies
      in normal subjects, prostaglandin D2 caused a significant (20 +/- 6 per cent)
      fall in specific airway conductance after the two highest concentrations (250 and
      500 micrograms per milliliter), whereas prostaglandin F2 alpha had no effect. In
      the asthmatic subjects, both prostaglandin D2 and prostaglandin F2 alpha caused a
      dose-related fall in specific airway conductance, starting at the lowest
      concentration of 4 micrograms per milliliter. Prostaglandin D2 was 3.5 times more
      potent than prostaglandin F2 alpha. In a single-dose study of both drugs (250
      micrograms per milliliter), a minor fall in specific airway conductance occurred
      with prostaglandin D2 in the normal subjects, and a larger fall occurred with
      both drugs in the asthmatic subjects. Maximum effects were seen at three minutes:
      there was a 75 +/- 5 per cent fall with prostaglandin D2 and a 33 +/- 8 per cent
      fall with prostaglandin F2 alpha. These results suggest that prostaglandin D2 may
      be involved in the pathogenesis of bronchoconstriction in allergic asthma.

PMID- 6588294
TI  - Genetic engineering: Rifkin strikes at corn this time.

PMID- 6588295
TI  - Bacterial problems.

PMID- 6588296
TI  - Percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy of the lung: East Carolina University
      School of Medicine/Pitt County Memorial Hospital, 1983.

PMID- 6588297
TI  - Health care planning in North Carolina: migrant workers program.

PMID- 6588298
TI  - Stepped care for diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 6588300
TI  - New wine in old bottles.

PMID- 6588299
TI  - Psoriasis.

PMID- 6588301
TI  - Human experimentation: the ethical dilemma.

PMID- 6588303
TI  - Sulfites in medicines.

PMID- 6588302
TI  - Allergies.

PMID- 6588304
TI  - Seasonal variation in the incidence of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia in
      Nebraska.

PMID- 6588305
TI  - Predominant sensory Guillain-Barre syndrome in hereditary sensory neuropathy-
      case report of a three-year-old boy.
AB  - We observed a three-year-old boy with increasing ataxia over a period of two
      weeks, which cleared up completely within four months. The electroneurographic
      features and their course in the child and the father allow us to suspect the
      additional existence of a hereditary sensory neuropathy. The authors put forward
      the hypothesis that the genetic disturbance of the sensory nerves is responsible
      for this clinical variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome.

PMID- 6588306
TI  - [Leukemic meningiosis in children].
AB  - Leukemic cells infiltration ways of the CNS are described and the risk factors
      are valued. The rational for the prophylactic treatment, the therapy of the
      meningopathy and AIL- AIEOP protocols are exposed. Early and late effects which
      can derivate are considered.

PMID- 6588307
TI  - [The role of neurolytic therapy in blocking cancer pain].
AB  - Here is a presentation of the role played by neurolesive procedures in the
      management of cancer pain. The authors suggest that these procedures should be
      considered secondary to the analgesic drugs and should be used only in a very
      limited number of situations (20/25%) due to the changes in neurophysiology of
      nerve transmission, caused by these interventions. Open neurolesive surgical
      treatments have a restricted indication because they are very traumatizing and
      the risk-benefit ratio is scarcely positive. Generally the chemical and thermal
      neurolesive procedures which are more widely used are represented by: sacral
      subarachnoidal block, alcholization of celiac ganglion, thermorhyzotomy of
      Gasser's and percutaneous chordotomy. The limits and benefits of these procedures
      are discussed. The authors maintain that a single technique can never completely
      solve the problem of pain; it can give pauses from pain, which have to be
      integrated sooner or later by analgesic drugs, within a continuing care program.

PMID- 6588308
TI  - [The role of open neurosurgery in the treatment of cancer pain].
AB  - After a brief foreword on the indication of open surgery in the treatment of
      neoplastic pain those procedures are detailed which are more effective and widely
      used: Posterior Rhizotomy, Cordotomy, Mediolongitudinal Mielotomy and Bulbar
      trigeminal tractotomy. Of each procedure main technical features, indications and
      complications are detailed. It is concluded that these techniques are still very
      useful in management of severe cancer pain.

PMID- 6588310
TI  - Legionella and Legionnaires' disease: "through a glass darkly".

PMID- 6588309
TI  - How can we stop the Citrobacter?

PMID- 6588311
TI  - Resistance to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in hypoparathyroidism: an enigma.

PMID- 6588312
TI  - Over-diagnosis of anorexia nervosa?

PMID- 6588313
TI  - Under-diagnosis of child abuse?

PMID- 6588314
TI  - The role of closed pleural biopsy in suspected malignant effusions.

PMID- 6588315
TI  - Limp in a child associated with Yersinia enterocolitica infection.

PMID- 6588316
TI  - Report of a pilot project on the outpatient treatment of alcohol problems.

PMID- 6588317
TI  - Malignant schwannoma presenting as an inguinalscrotal mass.

PMID- 6588318
TI  - Treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

PMID- 6588319
TI  - An outbreak of influenza A in a nursing home, 1982.

PMID- 6588320
TI  - Legionnaires' disease in a gravedigger. An epidemiologic study.

PMID- 6588321
TI  - Conservative management of Citrobacter diversus meningitis with brain abscess.

PMID- 6588322
TI  - Resistance to calcitriol therapy in postsurgical hypoparathyroidism.

PMID- 6588323
TI  - Esophageal involvement in acanthosis nigricans.

PMID- 6588324
TI  - Renal infarct.

PMID- 6588326
TI  - The Australian experiment in national health insurance--and they call it
      Medicare.

PMID- 6588325
TI  - Renal artery mycotic aneurysm.

PMID- 6588327
TI  - The dental care of pregnant women.

PMID- 6588328
TI  - Intra-oral testing of flavoured sweetened milk.

PMID- 6588329
TI  - A prevalence study of enamel defects among young adults in Hong Kong: use of the
      FDI Index.

PMID- 6588330
TI  - Overbite, overjet, lip-drape and incisor tooth fracture in children.

PMID- 6588331
TI  - Dental technicians.

PMID- 6588332
TI  - Dental benefit statistics.

PMID- 6588333
TI  - Hepatitis B.

PMID- 6588334
TI  - Nurses must play their part in shaping the future.

PMID- 6588336
TI  - The neophyte professional nurse.

PMID- 6588335
TI  - Opening Address: New Zealand Nurses' Association.

PMID- 6588337
TI  - Synovial fluid pressure determination in the temporomandibular joint.
AB  - Synovial fluid hydrostatic pressure within the temporomandibular joint of the
      pig, Sus scrofa domesticus, was examined, utilizing the "wick method" for the
      determination of fluid pressure. Acute hydrostatic pressure levels were monitored
      in seven surgically exposed TMJ capsules of five animals. In six out of seven of
      the surgically exposed TMJ capsules, synovial fluid hydrostatic pressure was
      subatmospheric with the jaw in the resting position (mean = -3.8 mm of mercury).
      Fluid pressure increased as a response to operator-manipulated jaw position and
      returned to original levels upon release. In addition, an attempt was made to
      study fluid pressure in TMJ cavities of a functioning experimental animal model
      by chronically implanting a wick catheter in the joint space. Successful
      implantation was accomplished in two animals, and fluid pressure was monitored at
      10- and 14-day intervals. Similar but slightly less negative mean "resting
      values" were obtained. Fluid pressures were greatly elevated during mastication.

PMID- 6588338
TI  - Ultrasound as a diagnostic aid in maxillofacial surgery. Report of a case.
AB  - Ultrasonographic examination of masses in the neck can be a valuable diagnostic
      aid. It has the advantages of being noninvasive, rapid, easily repeated, and
      relatively inexpensive. Ultrasound is also a particularly convenient means of
      localizing lesions for percutaneous biopsy and for serially monitoring the
      response of a lesion to therapy. As experience increases and equipment improves,
      ultrasound will gain an even greater role as a diagnostic aid. A case is reported
      in which a mucus-retention phenomenon was evaluated, managed, and followed with
      the aid of B-scan ultrasonographic and real-time imaging.

PMID- 6588339
TI  - Dental root agenesis secondary to irradiation therapy in a case of
      rhabdomyosarcoma of the middle ear.
AB  - There have been only a few published reports on the dental-facial effects of
      radiation therapy and the subsequent oral management of these patients. A case
      involving a 13-year-old black male patient with a history of rhabdomyosarcoma is
      presented. The patient received 4,050 rads of radiation to the right middle ear
      when he was 2 years of age. His residual medical and dental difficulties are
      apparently complications from the initial therapy. Examination of the oral cavity
      revealed bimaxillary micrognathia and marked loss of vertical dimension. A Class
      II facial profile with Class I molar relationship was observed. The mandible was
      thin and hypoplastic, with a small knife-edge alveolar ridge. The remaining
      eighteen erupted permanent teeth were very mobile, and root development had
      ceased after only initial formation. All of the teeth except the first permanent
      molars were extracted, and immediate partial dentures were inserted at the time
      of surgery. A discussion of therapeutic considerations follows the case report.

PMID- 6588340
TI  - Facial paresis following sagittal split osteotomy. Report of two cases.
AB  - Two cases of transient facial nerve paresis following sagittal split osteotomy
      have been presented. The patients had complete recovery of nerve function within
      5 months in the first case and 8 months in the second case.

PMID- 6588341
TI  - Spontaneous regression of a dentigerous cyst in a middle-aged adult.
AB  - Follicular cysts associated with impacted teeth in adults usually increase in
      size or remain static. A case is presented in which a typical dentigerous cyst
      decreased in size without any subjective or objective evidence of spontaneous
      drainage.

PMID- 6588342
TI  - Albright's syndrome with reactivation of fibrous dysplasia secondary to pituitary
      adenoma and further complicated by osteogenic sarcoma. Report of a case.
AB  - To our knowledge, this is the only reported case of Albright's syndrome with
      reactivation of the fibrous dysplasia in adulthood, a marked elevation of growth
      hormone secondary to a pituitary adenoma, and development of osteosarcoma within
      the reactivated fibrous dysplasia. In addition, this patient also had
      hyperthyroidism with normal TSH levels, indicating the presence of two separate
      endocrinopathies. Reactivation of the fibrous dysplasia after years of arrested
      growth in this patient is good evidence that fibrous dysplasia does not "burn
      out" after adolescence but that growth ceases only when growth hormone declines
      to adult levels.

PMID- 6588343
TI  - Gingival hyperplasia associated with nifedipine therapy. Report of a case.
AB  - A case of gingival hyperplasia associated with the administration of nifedipine
      is reported. Clinically and histologically, the tissue resembled that seen in
      hyperplasia induced by phenytoin (Dilantin). We believe this to be the first
      reported case of gingival hyperplasia associated with this drug.

PMID- 6588344
TI  - Dental caries prevalence in patients with Crohn's disease.
AB  - Twenty-one patients with Crohn's disease have been studied with respect to caries
      activity and, when compared to two separate age-matched control groups, have
      evidenced a significantly greater number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth.
      Potential contributing factors, such as saliva constituents, oral hygiene, and
      diet, are discussed and implications for further research are presented.

PMID- 6588345
TI  - Inverted follicular keratosis of the lip.
AB  - Nine cases of inverted follicular keratosis (IFK) of the lips are reported. Eight
      of these occurred on the lower lip, a previously unreported location. The
      clinical and histologic features of IFK are discussed. The possibility of
      confusing this lesion with squamous cell carcinoma is emphasized, and the
      histologic criteria for differentiation are enumerated.

PMID- 6588346
TI  - Periosteal osteogenic sarcoma of the mandible.
AB  - Periosteal osteosarcoma, a variant of juxtacortical osteosarcoma, is seldom seen
      in the jaws. The clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic features of a rare
      mandibular periosteal osteosarcoma presenting as a deep mass in the area of the
      parotid are reported. The clinicopathologic features that distinguish this lesion
      from the more common parosteal osteosarcoma are also discussed.

PMID- 6588348
TI  - The radiographic detection of periapical lesions in dogs.
AB  - The study investigated the correlation between the radiographic and histologic
      examinations of periapical lesions in dogs. The roots of four dogs were examined
      3 months after root fillings had been placed and those of two dogs 1 year after
      placement of root fillings. Overall, as the extent of inflammation increased so
      did the size of the radiographic lesions, but there was some disagreement between
      methods, particularly in the detection of normal apices. The examination of
      radiographs could not be regarded as a substitute for histologic examination.

PMID- 6588347
TI  - Bilateral macrostomia in one of monozygotic twins.
AB  - This report concerns a pair of monozygotic twins discordant for bilateral
      symmetrical macrostomia. Laterally placed, symmetrical notches in the vermilion
      borders of both upper and lower lips were apparent in the affected twin. Since
      the oral cavity walls develop by a differential growth and merging mechanism,
      this result suggests a mechanism of tissue breakdown as the cause of macrostomia.
      Furthermore, discordance in these monozygotic twins minimizes the importance of
      heredity in this malformation.

PMID- 6588349
TI  - Vitality preservation of an anomalous maxillary central incisor after endodontic
      therapy.
AB  - Endodontic treatment of a case of fused immature central incisor with a
      supernumerary tooth with dens in dente is described. Although a chronic
      dentoalveolar abscess was diagnosed, vitality test signs were positive. Treatment
      consisted of pulpotomy with calcium hydroxide paste; after 2 1/2 months a
      permanent root canal filling was placed in the amputated part. Follow-up 2 years
      postoperatively indicated that the tooth has maintained its vitality. The
      periapical area is completely healed, and apical closure is evident.

PMID- 6588350
TI  - A critical evaluation of panoramic radiography as a screening procedure in dental
      practice.
AB  - One thousand consecutive panoramic radiographs were assessed to determine the
      risk/benefit relationship involved when this technique is used to screen patients
      for previously undiagnosed pathologic processes. The results of the investigation
      do not support the use of this technique as a routine procedure in general dental
      patient assessment.

PMID- 6588351
TI  - Periodic oral examinations and panoramic radiographs in edentulous elderly men.
AB  - Oral and panoramic radiographic examinations were performed on eight-six
      edentulous elderly men residing in a government-sponsored skilled nursing
      facility. Clinical examinations revealed eleven findings in eleven subjects,
      12.8% of the total number examined. Panoramic radiographs were taken compared
      with those available from previous years. Of the 173 radiographs available for
      review, twenty-two films of seven subjects yielded significant findings. In no
      case did there appear to be progression of the radiographic findings over time,
      and no findings required intervention. Data suggest that the availability of
      ongoing dental care through consultations may reduce the prevalence of findings
      on periodic oral examination.

PMID- 6588353
TI  - Gemination of the mandibular right lateral incisor.

PMID- 6588352
TI  - Patient-selection criteria for panoramic radiography.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine whether selection criteria could be
      developed for the use of panoramic radiographs in the treatment planning of
      patients seeking dental care. A total of 1,424 patients were included in this 10
      month study. Clinicians were asked to indicate what signs or symptoms caused them
      to order a panoramic radiograph. After the radiograph was taken, the referring
      clinician was asked to indicate the extent that the panoramic radiograph
      influenced the patient's care. The panoramic examination was found to be most
      productive in dentulous patients when no other radiographs were ordered and least
      productive in dentulous patients who had already had a full-mouth set of
      radiographs. Considering all patients, it is possible to reduce the number of
      panoramic examinations by 73% while missing 6% of the findings that influence
      patient treatment. The most important selection criteria for the panoramic
      examination are whether the radiograph was ordered for a "general screening
      examination" (a negative predictor) and whether the radiograph was ordered for
      any specific examination (a positive predictor).

PMID- 6588355
TI  - [Teeth and dental treatment as seen by ambulatory orthodontic patients and their
      families].

PMID- 6588354
TI  - [Onset of the eruption of permanent teeth, deciduous tooth exfoliation and
      mineralisation of wisdom teeth in 979 grade school students in Graz].

PMID- 6588356
TI  - [Root filling materials and systemic disease].

PMID- 6588357
TI  - [Malignant tumors--especially hypernephroma metastases--in the maxillofacial
      region].

PMID- 6588358
TI  - [The verification potential of cytologic study technics for the oral region].

PMID- 6588359
TI  - [A 3-dimensional system for identifying double projections of objects in
      panoramic tomography].

PMID- 6588360
TI  - Urinary excretion rates of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in preterm infants recovering from
      respiratory distress with and without patent ductus arteriosus.
AB  - Patency of the ductus arteriosus in preterm infants is mediated by vasodilating
      prostanoids; however, reliable methods to monitor prostanoid activity or
      production in preterm infants are lacking. We measured the excretion rates of
      major and characteristic urinary metabolites of prostacyclin (PGI2), PGE1, and
      PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, and 7 alpha-hydroxy-5,11-diketotetranorprostane-1,16
      dioic acid (PGE-M), respectively. Besides these parameters which reflect total
      body prostanoid turnover and production, the urinary levels of PGE2 and PGF2
      alpha, the primary prostaglandins, were measured as an index of renal prostanoid
      synthesis. There were four study groups. One contained 11 thriving preterm
      infants; a second, six preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS);
      a third, 30 preterm infants with RDS and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA); and a
      fourth, nine fullterm infants. All infants with RDS required artificial
      ventilation. There were no significant differences in PGE-M, PGE2, and PGF2 alpha
      excretion rates among the various groups; however, a significant increase of the
      6-keto-PGF1 alpha excretion rates was observed in the groups of infants with RDS
      and with and without PDA (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.02, respectively).
      Spontaneous (n = 2) or indomethacin-induced (n = 6) closure of PDA was associated
      with weaning from the respirator and a concomitant drop into the normal and
      subnormal range of the excretion rates of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (P less than 0.01)
      and PGE-M (P less than 0.02).

PMID- 6588361
TI  - Antibody production following immunization with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids in
      children receiving chemotherapy during remission of malignant disease.
AB  - Twenty-seven children with various childhood malignancies who were in clinical
      remission and receiving maintenance chemotherapy were given diphtheria-pertussis
      tetanus (DPT) immunizations. Antidiphtheria and antitetanus titers were drawn
      before and 1 month after immunization. Only one child had no antibody response to
      either antigen. Two other children failed to develop any detectable antitetanus
      antibody titer but did mount a normal antibody response to inactivated diphtheria
      antigen. In fact, most children made good antibody responses to both immunizing
      antigens, irrespective of the nature of their disease or of the treatment given.
      These results show that children receiving long-term chemotherapy should not be
      denied the protection afforded by immunization with nonliving vaccines.

PMID- 6588362
TI  - [Practical diagnosis and treatment of emergencies in dental practice (2)].

PMID- 6588364
TI  - The dental use of plants in Amazonia.

PMID- 6588365
TI  - [Use of the "soccu" chewing stick in Senegal].

PMID- 6588363
TI  - Analysis of xanthine dehydrogenase mRNA levels in mutants affecting the
      expression of the rosy locus.
AB  - Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) mRNA levels were measured in a number of mutants and
      natural variants affecting XDH gene expression. Two variants, ry+4 and ry+10,
      contain cis-acting elements which map to a region flanking the 5' end of the XDH
      gene. Ry+4, which has 2-3 times more XDH protein than a wild type strain, has 3.2
      times more XDH mRNA. Ry+10 has 50% of the wild type XDH level and 54% of the wild
      type XDH mRNA level. Three rosy mutants which map within the structural gene were
      also examined. Two of these had little if any XDH mRNA, but the third mutant had
      1.3 times more XDH mRNA than wild type flies. Another mutant, ry2 , which
      contains no XDH protein and has a 9KB transposable element inserted into the XDH
      gene, has normal levels of XDH mRNA transcripts which are also the same size as
      those found in the wild type strain. Changes in XDH mRNA levels were measured
      during Drosophila development and found to parallel changes in the amount of XDH
      protein. In addition, there were no large changes in the size of XDH mRNA during
      development.

PMID- 6588366
TI  - Dental caries status of senior secondary school children (15-17 years old) in
      Lagos.

PMID- 6588367
TI  - [Dental health survey in a Dakar school. The Emoform experience].

PMID- 6588368
TI  - [Mandibular fractures in children. Therapeutic approach at the Dental Service at
      the A. Le Dantec University Hospital (Dakar)].

PMID- 6588369
TI  - Talon cusp: a case report.

PMID- 6588370
TI  - Prevalence of malocclusion and treatment needs in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia).

PMID- 6588371
TI  - Dental mutilation and associated abnormalities in Tanzania.

PMID- 6588372
TI  - Oral hygiene status of epileptic patients under treatment with diphenyl
      hydantoin.

PMID- 6588373
TI  - A cutaneous manifestation of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia mimicking urticaria
      pigmentosa.
AB  - A 37-year-old female developed what appeared to be the typical cutaneous
      manifestations of urticaria pigmentosa. These preceded the peripheral blood
      changes of acute null cell lymphoblastic leukaemia and skin biopsy revealed that
      the cutaneous changes were due to leukaemic infiltration. Chemotherapy resulted
      in clearance of the rash. The importance of skin biopsy in patients presenting
      with suspected urticaria pigmentosa is emphasized.

PMID- 6588374
TI  - Nonenzymic ADP-ribosylation of specific mitochondrial polypeptides.
AB  - The apparent NAD:protein ADP-ribosyl transferase activity of mitochondria and
      submitochondrial particles from beef heart and rat liver is simulated by a
      reaction sequence that consists of an enzymic hydrolysis of NAD to ADP-ribose
      (ADP-Rib) by NAD glycohydrolase(s) and a nonenzymic ADP-ribosylation of acceptor
      proteins by the free ADP-Rib formed. The nonenzymic ADP-ribosylation of
      mitochondrial proteins showed two pH optima and exhibited the same remarkable
      selectivity as the reaction with NAD. The predominant acceptor in beef heart
      mitochondria was a 30-kDa protein, whereas in mitochondrial extracts of rat liver
      a 50-55 kDa polypeptide served as an acceptor. No authentic ADP-Rib transferase
      activity could be detected even when free ADP-Rib was trapped by NH2OH. Once
      formed, the mitochondrial ADP-Rib conjugates were resistant to hydroxylamine.
      NH2OH-resistant mono(ADP-Rib)-protein conjugates as found in most cells may also
      be products of nonenzymic ADP-ribosylation. In mouse tissues, their amounts
      relate to protein and NAD contents, and they increase specifically and reversibly
      in the hypothyroid status. Furthermore, intact rat liver mitochondria contain a
      mono(ADP-Rib)-polypeptide (50-55 kDa) that appeared to be identical with the
      polypeptide reacting with ADP-Rib in vitro.

PMID- 6588375
TI  - Mammalian DNA polymerase alpha holoenzymes with possible functions at the leading
      and lagging strand of the replication fork.
AB  - At an early purification stage, DNA polymerase alpha holoenzyme from calf thymus
      can be separated into four different forms by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose.
      All four enzyme forms (termed A, B, C, and D) are capable of replicating long
      single-stranded DNA templates, such as parvoviral DNA or primed M13 DNA. Peak A
      possesses, in addition to the DNA polymerase alpha, a double-stranded DNA
      dependent ATPase, as well as DNA topoisomerase type II, 3'-5' exonuclease, and
      RNase H activity. Peaks B, C, and D all contain, together with DNA polymerase
      alpha, activities of primase and DNA topoisomerase type II. Furthermore, peak B
      is enriched in an RNase H, and peaks C and D are enriched in a 3'-5' exonuclease.
      DNA methylase (DNA methyltransferase) was preferentially identified in peaks C
      and D. Velocity sedimentation analyses of the four peaks gave evidence of
      unexpectedly large forms of DNA polymerase alpha (greater than 11.3 s),
      indicating that copurification of the above putative replication enzymes is not
      fortuitous. With moderate and high concentrations of salt, enzyme activities
      cosedimented with DNA polymerase alpha. Peak C is more resistant to inhibition by
      salt and spermidine than the other three enzyme forms. These results suggest the
      existence of a leading strand replicase (peak A) and several lagging strand
      replicase forms (peaks B, C, and D). Finally, the salt-resistant C form might
      represent a functional DNA polymerase alpha holoenzyme, possibly fitting in a
      higher-order structure, such as the replisome or even the chromatin.

PMID- 6588376
TI  - Hydroxymethyluracil DNA glycosylase in mammalian cells.
AB  - An activity has been purified 350-fold from extracts of mouse plasmacytoma cells
      that forms 5-hydroxymethyluracil (alpha-hydroxythymine) and apyrimidinic sites
      with phage SPO1 DNA, which contains this base in place of thymine. This DNA
      glycosylase presumably functions to eliminate hydroxymethyluracil, a major
      thymine-derived DNA lesion produced by ionizing radiation and oxidative damage.
      The enzyme has no cofactor requirement and is active in EDTA. Neither
      intermediate formation nor hydrolysis of hydroxymethyl-deoxyuridine or
      hydroxymethyldeoxyuridine monophosphate was detected. The enzyme does not cleave
      apyrimidinic sites in DNA. It does release uracil from the uracil-containing DNA
      of phage PBS2, but this activity is less than 2% of the predominant uracil DNA
      glycosylase activity of the cell, which is separated by phosphocellulose
      chromatography. The major uracil DNA glycosylase does not release
      hydroxymethyluracil from SPO1 DNA. The hydroxymethyluracil glycosylase is also
      separated upon phosphocelluose chromatography from a thymine glycol DNA
      glycosylase activity that is accompanied by an apyrimidinic endonuclease
      activity.

PMID- 6588377
TI  - Isolation of human DNA sequences that bind to nuclear factor I, a host protein
      involved in adenovirus DNA replication.
AB  - Nuclear factor I is a 47,000-dalton protein isolated from human HeLa cells that
      is required for the in vitro replication of adenovirus DNA. This protein was
      previously shown to bind specifically to nucleotides 17-48 of the left-hand
      terminus of cloned adenovirus serotype 5 DNA. An in vitro assay for DNA sequences
      that compete with adenovirus DNA for the binding of nuclear factor I has been
      developed. With this assay, we have shown specific binding of human DNA sequences
      to nuclear factor I. Using the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor I, we have
      isolated and cloned segments of human DNA that bind tightly to this protein. One
      nuclear factor I binding site is present about every 100,000 base pairs in the
      HeLa cell genome. The binding of these DNA molecules to nuclear factor I
      resembles the binding of cloned adenovirus DNA to the protein and is resistant to
      high ionic strength. The isolation of DNA sequences from HeLa cells that bind
      specifically to nuclear factor I suggests that this protein interacts with host
      DNA in vivo.

PMID- 6588378
TI  - Heterogeneity of vertebrate brain tubulins.
AB  - We have examined the extent of brain tubulin heterogeneity in six vertebrate
      species commonly used in tubulin research (rat, calf, pig, chicken, human, and
      lamb) using isoelectric focusing, two-dimensional electrophoresis, and peptide
      mapping procedures that provide higher resolution than previously available. The
      extent of heterogeneity is extremely similar in all of these organisms, as judged
      by number, range of isoelectric points, and distribution of the isotubulins. A
      minimum of 6 alpha and 12 beta tubulins was resolved from all sources. Even the
      pattern of spots on two-dimensional peptide maps is remarkably similar. These
      similarities suggest that the populations of tubulin in all of these brains
      should have similar overall physical properties. It is particularly interesting
      that chicken, which has only four or five beta-tubulin genes, contains
      approximately 12 beta tubulins. Thus, post-translational modification must
      generate at least some of the tubulin heterogeneity. Mammalian species, which
      contain 15-20 tubulin DNA sequences, do not show any more tubulin protein
      heterogeneity than does chicken. This suggests that expression of only a small
      number of the mammalian genes may be required to generate the observed tubulin
      heterogeneity.

PMID- 6588379
TI  - Teratogens induce a subset of small heat shock proteins in Drosophila primary
      embryonic cell cultures.
AB  - Drosophila embryonic cells placed into culture just after gastrulation
      differentiate in vitro over the next 24 hr. A number of drugs that are
      teratogenic in mammalian systems have been found to inhibit muscle or neuron
      differentiation (or both) in these developing cultures. We have examined, by two
      dimensional gel electrophoresis, the effects of these drugs on protein synthesis
      in embryonic cells. For nine teratogens tested, cells treated for 20 hr with the
      drug show a dramatic induction of three proteins of about 20 kilodaltons, in
      addition to the normal proteins synthesized by untreated cells. Three teratogens
      as well as all eight nonteratogens tested did not show this induction. The
      induced proteins appear to be identical to three of the heat shock proteins (hsp
      23, 22a, and 22b), as shown by electrophoretic mobilities and peptide mapping by
      partial proteolysis. A 37 degrees C heat shock of the embryonic cells produces
      the full complement of heat shock proteins, whereas drug-treated cells induce
      only the subset hsp 23, 22a, and 22b but not hsp 26 or 27. beta-Ecdysterone, the
      Drosophila molting hormone, also inhibits embryonic differentiation and induces
      hsp 23, 22a, and 22b, a partial subset of the heat shock proteins (hsp 22, 23,
      26, and 27) induced by the hormone in imaginal discs and some Drosophila
      continuous cell lines. Dose-response studies of several drugs show a correlation
      between the degree of inhibition of differentiation and the level of induction of
      hsp 23, 22a, and 22b. The induction of heat shock proteins by drugs may reflect
      specific types of stress that can also give rise to teratogenesis.

PMID- 6588380
TI  - A structural model of human erythrocyte band 2.1: alignment of chemical and
      functional domains.
AB  - Protein 2.1 is a 210-kilodalton protein that connects erythrocyte spectrin to the
      NH2-terminal cytoplasmic domain of band 3 and thereby functions as the essential
      linkage between the membrane skeleton and the bilayer. We cleaved this protein
      into specific chemical domains by limited digestion with trypsin and alpha
      chymotrypsin at 0 degrees C. Intermediate-sized peptides were separated by two
      dimensional isoelectric focusing/NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and
      characterized by high resolution peptide mapping. We have established a
      provisional structural model of protein 2.1 by comparing the peptide maps of
      these chemical domains to maps obtained from larger overlapping chymotryptic
      fragments as well as fragments obtained from 2-nitro-5-thiocyanobenzoic acid
      cleavage. In addition to providing a provisional structural map of protein 2.1,
      we have identified two functional domains of protein 2.1, an 83-kilodalton
      tryptic peptide (T-83) which binds band 3 and a 65-kilodalton tryptic peptide (T
      65) which binds spectrin. We have therefore localized the functional domains
      along our linear map of protein 2.1.

PMID- 6588381
TI  - Trophic links of community food webs.
AB  - This report describes and explains regularities in the numbers and kinds of
      trophic links in community food webs. To a first approximation, the mean number
      of trophic links in a community food web is proportional to the total number of
      trophic species. The mean number of trophic links between any two categories of
      trophic species (basal, intermediate, and top) is proportional to the geometric
      mean number of species in the categories joined. These linear relationships, and
      scale-invariance in the proportions of basal, intermediate, and top species, make
      it possible to predict with remarkable precision the proportions of each kind of
      trophic link among all community food webs. The differences between food webs in
      constant and in fluctuating environments reflect apparently greater constraints
      on the trophic organization of food webs in fluctuating environments.

PMID- 6588382
TI  - Biochemical evidence that secretor gene, Se, is a structural gene encoding a
      specific fucosyltransferase.
AB  - Nonsecretors have no ABH blood group substances in their saliva and milk, but
      their erythrocytes contain the blood group substances. It has been generally
      believed that the secretor gene, Se, is a regulatory gene, not a structural gene,
      controlling the expression of (alpha 1----2)fucosyltransferase, which synthesizes
      the blood group H substance from its precursor, in secretions. To account for the
      existence of the blood type of "para Bombay" phenotype--i.e., H-negative in
      erythrocytes but H-positive in secretory fluids, another regulatory gene, Z,
      which would regulate the expression of the enzyme in the hematopoietic tissues,
      has been proposed. Contrary to this, a more simple model, in which the H gene and
      Se gene are both structural genes, encoding two separate fucosyltransferases in
      different tissues, was recently proposed. To settle the controversy, (alpha 1---
      2)fucosyltransferases were partially purified from human plasma and milk. The two
      enzymes differed from each other in the following respects: (i) the milk enzyme
      adsorbed to SP-Sephadex at pH 6.0, while the plasma enzyme did not; (ii) pH
      activity profiles, with phenyl beta-D-galactoside as an acceptor, differed
      between the two enzymes; (iii) the milk enzyme exhibited lower thermal stability
      than the plasma enzyme; and (iv) Km values for several oligosaccharides with
      Gal(beta 1----3)GlcNAc and Gal(beta 1----4)GlcNAc as acceptors differed between
      the two enzymes. These results support the model that the Se gene is a structural
      gene encoding a distinctive (alpha 1----2)fucosyltransferase, refuting the
      classical regulatory gene model for the Se locus. The anomeric configuration of
      the fucosylated galactose residue produced by the action of enzyme was
      identified, thus establishing the specificity of the enzyme.

PMID- 6588383
TI  - Cholesterol epoxide is a direct-acting mutagen.
AB  - A 24-hr treatment of V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts with 12.4 microM
      cholesterol 5 alpha, 6 alpha-epoxide induced 8-azaguanine-resistant mutants at
      frequencies 4.6- to 11.8-fold higher than the spontaneous mutation rate. We show
      that cholesterol epoxide, which is produced by in vivo cholesterol oxidation, is
      a weak direct-acting mutagen. Cholesterol epoxide was found to be accumulated by
      cells and transformed to cholestane-3 beta, 5 alpha, 6 beta-triol, which was more
      toxic and a more potent inhibitor of DNA synthesis than the epoxide but, at
      concentrations less than 17.8 microM, was not significantly mutagenic.
      Consideration of the rates of cholesterol epoxide conversion to cholestane triol
      shows that this conversion can result in abolition of the mutagenicity of the
      epoxide. Conditions under which conversion of the epoxide to the triol is low, as
      in the case of low epoxide hydrolase activity, favor mutagenicity whereas rapid
      conversion to triol favors cytotoxicity.

PMID- 6588386
TI  - Tecumseh and the genetics of coronary heart disease: a review.

PMID- 6588387
TI  - Estimation of recombination and genetic risks using several markers.

PMID- 6588385
TI  - Alteration of the retinotectal map in Xenopus by antibodies to neural cell
      adhesion molecules.
AB  - The neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) mediates neuron-neuron adhesion, is
      ubiquitous in the nervous system of developing and mature vertebrates, and
      undergoes major alterations in both amount and distribution during development.
      Perturbation of homophilic (N-CAM to N-CAM) binding by univalent fragments of
      specific anti-N-CAM antibodies has previously been found to alter neural tissue
      patterns in vitro. To show that significant alterations can also occur in vivo,
      antibodies to Xenopus N-CAM were embedded in agarose microcylinders and implanted
      in the tecta of juvenile Xenopus laevis frogs that were undergoing regeneration
      of their retinotectal projections; 1 week later, the effects of implantation on
      the projection pattern from the optic nerve were determined. Both polyclonal and
      monoclonal antibodies to N-CAM distorted the retinotectal projection pattern and
      greatly decreased the precision of the projection; these alterations recovered to
      near normal after an additional 3 weeks. Similar but smaller effects were
      obtained when normally developing froglets received tectal implants. In control
      animals, implants of immunoglobulins from preimmune serum and monoclonal
      antibodies not directed against N-CAM had little or no effect on the pattern. The
      results suggest that neuronal adhesion mediated by N-CAM is important in
      establishing and maintaining the precision and topography of neural patterns.

PMID- 6588384
TI  - Lignoceric acid is oxidized in the peroxisome: implications for the Zellweger
      cerebro-hepato-renal syndrome and adrenoleukodystrophy.
AB  - The deficient oxidation and accumulation of very-long-chain fatty acids in the
      Zellweger cerebro-hepato-renal syndrome (CHRS) and X chromosome-linked
      adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), coupled with the observation that peroxisomes are
      lacking in CHRS, prompted us to investigate the subcellular localization of the
      catabolism of lignoceric acid (C24:0). Peroxisomal and mitochondrial-rich
      fractions were separated from rat liver crude mitochondria by sucrose density
      gradient centrifugation. Enzyme activity for the oxidation of [1-14C]palmitic
      acid to water-soluble acetate was 2- to 3-fold higher in the mitochondrial than
      in the peroxisomal-rich fraction whereas [1-14C]lignoceric acid was oxidized at a
      2- to 3-fold higher rate in the peroxisomal than in the mitochondrial fraction.
      Moreover, unlike palmitic acid oxidation, lignoceric acid oxidation was not
      inhibited by potassium cyanide in either rat liver fractions or human skin
      cultured fibroblasts, showing that lignoceric acid is mainly and possibly
      exclusively oxidized in peroxisomes. We also conducted studies to clarify the
      striking phenotypic differences between CHRS and the childhood form of ALD. In
      contrast to CHRS, we found normal hepatocellular peroxisomes in the liver biopsy
      of a childhood ALD patient. In addition, in the presence of potassium cyanide,
      the oxidation of palmitic acid in cultured skin fibroblasts was inhibited by 62%
      in control and X chromosome-linked ALD patients compared with 88% in CHRS and
      neonatal ALD. This differential effect may be related to differences in
      peroxisomal morphology in those disorders.

PMID- 6588388
TI  - Aspects of linkage analysis using RFLP's.

PMID- 6588389
TI  - The Tecumseh Community Health Study.

PMID- 6588390
TI  - Prostaglandin precursors in plasma phospholipids of patients with psoriasis:
      effects of treatment with coal tar.
AB  - Plasma phospholipids of patients with psoriasis have significantly reduced levels
      of dihomogammalinolenic acid (20:3n-6), arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) and adrenic
      acid (22:4n-6), the precursors of the 1, 2 and homo-2 series of prostaglandins
      (PGs). Concentrations of the 3 series PG precursor, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n
      3) were normal. Hospital treatment with a coal tar regime produced a rise in
      20:3n-6 to levels which were significantly above normal.

PMID- 6588391
TI  - Maternal plasma estradiol and progesterone levels during therapeutic abortion
      induced by 16, 16 dimethyl PGE2 p-benzaldehyde semicarbazone ester.
AB  - Estradiol and progesterone levels in maternal plasma after administration of 16,
      16-dimethyl-PGE2 p-benzaldehyde semicarbazone ester (16,16-PGE2) 6 hourly for
      abortion were studied in 27 women in the second trimester of pregnancy and in 49
      patients with fetal death in utero. Basal maternal plasma levels of estradiol and
      progesterone measured before prostaglandin injection were significantly lower in
      cases of fetal death in utero than in the other subjects. After 16,16-PGE2
      injection, plasma levels of estradiol and progesterone fell more rapidly and to a
      greater extent in cases of fetal death in utero than those with normal pregnancy
      at corresponding gestations; the decline of plasma estradiol levels was quicker
      and more marked than that of progesterone. Thus, 16,16-PGE2 appears to exert a
      differential effect on estradiol and progesterone biosynthesis.

PMID- 6588392
TI  - A modified method for extraction and purification of prostaglandins with resin
      XAD-2.
AB  - Non-ionic resins such as XAD-2 have been widely used as part of routine
      procedures in the gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determinations of
      prostaglandins from aqueous solutions. However, there are reports that XAD-2
      cannot be used in connection with radioimmunoassay (RIA), because the column
      constantly leaks a polymer which almost completely inhibits the antigen-antibody
      binding. It seems, however, possible to overcome these difficulties by modifying
      the procedure. The present method can be used with RIA and in combination with
      further chromatographic purifications for GC-MS determinations.

PMID- 6588393
TI  - Effects of dietary methionine, methylmercury, and atrazine on ex-vivo synthesis
      of prostaglandin E1 and thromboxane B2.
AB  - The effects of methylmercury hydroxide' (MeHg), atrazine, and dietary methionine
      on the activity of blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total blood glutathione
      (TGSH) level, and the ex-vivo synthesis of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and
      thromboxane B2 (TXB2) by platelets from clotted blood in rats were studied. One
      month-old male Wistar rats were fed different diets (60, 100 or 140% of sulfur
      amino acids requirement) and treated with atrazine (0 or 500 mg/kg diet), MeHg
      (0, 0.5 or 1.5 mg Hg/kg/day) orally, or a combination of the two toxicants for 30
      35 days. Blood was analyzed for glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total mercury,
      TGSH, PGE1, and TXB2. The concentration of mercury in the blood was significantly
      affected by MeHg treatment as well as by its interaction with dietary methionine.
      Increasing MeHg dose in the diet decreased the activity of whole blood GSH-Px and
      total blood GSH while increasing ex-vivo synthesis of PGE1 and TXB2. Methionine
      deficiency caused a slight increase in serum PGE1 level. Overall factorial
      analysis for TXB2 revealed a highly significant effect of MeHg and methionine as
      well as their interaction on serum TXB2 level. The effect of atrazine on PGE1 and
      TXB2 levels was not statistically significant. The possible mechanisms of
      increased serum PGE1 and TXB2 levels due to MeHg toxicity are discussed.

PMID- 6588394
TI  - Progesterone in vitro and the output of prostaglandin F from the uterus of
      ovariectomized rats. Priming or withdrawal?
AB  - The effects of progesterone in the solution suspending uterine preparations
      isolated from ovariectomized rats on the output of PGF2 infinity and PGE2-like
      material, were explored. Uterine incubation for one hour with progesterone (50 or
      100 micrograms/ml, final concentration) did not alter PGF or PGE release into the
      bath medium, when compared with untreated controls. One hour after hormone
      removal the output of either prostaglandin, from uteri previously primed with
      progesterone at 50 micrograms/ml, was also similar to controls. However,
      preparations exposed to progesterone at 100 micrograms/ml for one hour and
      subjected afterwards to a second incubation interval of 60 minutes without the
      hormone, released into the suspending medium significantly more PGF, but not PGE,
      than controls. On the other hand, incubation with progesterone (at 100
      micrograms/ml) for 120 minutes (not followed by a period of steroid removal)
      failed to change PGF and PGE uterine output. These findings show that there is a
      direct but complex effect of progesterone on rat uterine release of PGF, i.e.,
      the positive correlation between the steroid and PGF required not only a priming
      period with a high concentration of progesterone, but also its subsequent
      withdrawal. Such peculiarity is discussed in terms of a possible influence of
      progesterone on enhancing intramural uterine levels of PGF and inhibiting
      prostaglandin release, and also in relation to the role of hormone withdrawal
      after corpora lutea regression on PGF concentration in blood from uterine veins
      during the sex cycle.

PMID- 6588395
TI  - 3H-imipramine binding sites in brain down-regulated by chronic nortriptyline and
      haloperidol but not mianserin treatment.
AB  - Specific binding of 3H-imipramine to membrane preparations from the cerebral
      cortex and hippocampus was measured in rats given nortriptyline (10 mg/kg/day),
      mianserin (10 mg/kg/day), haloperidol (1 mg/kg/day), or saline for 21 days and
      killed 48 hours after the last injection. Chronic treatment with nortriptyline
      resulted in a significant decrease in density (Bmax) of 3H-imipramine binding
      sites in the hippocampus but not in cerebral cortex without significant changes
      in binding affinity (Kd). Mianserin treatment failed to alter Bmax and Kd of
      specific 3H-imipramine binding in either of the two brain regions. Repeated
      administration of haloperidol also produced a lowering in the number of 3H
      imipramine binding sites (Bmax) in the hippocampus. The results indicate that the
      ability of tricyclic antidepressants to down-regulate 3H-imipramine recognition
      sites in the brain is not shared by nontricylic antidepressants such as
      mianserin. The observation that down-regulation of binding can also be produced
      by a typical antipsychotic drug, haloperidol, suggests that this phenomenon may
      not be related to the mode of therapeutic effect of antidepressants.

PMID- 6588396
TI  - Mood-incongruent versus mood-congruent psychosis: differential antipsychotic
      response to lithium therapy.
AB  - The authors previously reported that a subgroup of schizophrenic-like patients
      respond favorably to lithium (Li) therapy, as do patients with a classical manic
      illness. In the present study, the time course of psychotic and affective symptom
      remission after Li therapy was examined in these two groups of patients. Li
      responsive patients with a mood-incongruent psychosis (schizophrenic-like
      illness) demonstrated a rapid antipsychotic response to Li therapy, showing a 50%
      improvement during the first 7 days, while no improvement in affective symptoms
      was seen until week 2 or 3 of treatment. Alternatively, patients with a mood
      congruent psychosis (where mania is the primary diagnosis) demonstrated no
      antipsychotic response to Li therapy during the first 2 weeks of treatment, while
      some improvement in manic symptoms occurred during treatment week 2. The present
      study demonstrates that Li therapy differentially affects psychotic symptoms in
      mood-incongruent as opposed to mood-congruent psychosis. Further, the growth
      hormone (GH) response to apomorphine administration differentiated these two
      groups of Li responsive patients. Patients with a Li responsive mood-incongruent
      psychosis demonstrated over a seven-fold greater GH response than mood-congruent
      psychotic patients. The present data suggest that mood-incongruent and mood
      congruent psychoses may represent two biologically distinct psychotic processes
      separable by both medication response and central dopamine function.

PMID- 6588397
TI  - Indalpine, a specific 5HT uptake inhibitor, in delusional depression.

PMID- 6588398
TI  - Biological markers and psychosis.

PMID- 6588399
TI  - Binge-eating, self-induced vomiting and laxative abuse: a community study.
AB  - Following a television documentary on bulimia nervosa, people who thought that
      they had this type of eating problem were asked to complete a confidential
      questionnaire. 579 women who fulfilled self-report diagnostic criteria for
      bulimia nervosa were thereby identified. These women closely resembled patients
      with bulimia nervosa, although the age range was wider. They had grossly
      disturbed eating habits and almost half vomited at least daily. Laxative abuse
      was also common. Although almost two-thirds had been overweight in the past, the
      majority had a weight within the normal range. A minority had previously
      fulfilled diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa. On standardized measures,
      these women had abnormal attitudes to their weight and shape, as well as
      significant levels of psychiatric symptomatology. Nearly three-quarters thought
      that they definitely needed professional help, yet only a third had ever been
      referred for psychiatric treatment. Using data from this sample and an
      independent sample of 499 probable bulimia nervosa cases, the significance of
      three issues relating to the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa were examined: laxative
      abuse, the frequency of self-induced vomiting, and a history of anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 6588400
TI  - A modified video camera for measuring body image distortion: technical
      description and reliability.
AB  - Previously employed techniques for the measurement of body image are briefly
      described, with a short consideration of methodological or procedural limitations
      associated with each technique. A new procedure is described which employs a
      simple modification to a standard video camera to produce an image which appears
      from 20% thinner to 40% fatter than the actual person, without other distortion
      of the image. Reliability and preliminary validity data for the new procedure are
      presented.

PMID- 6588401
TI  - Covariation of depressive symptoms over time.
AB  - The covariation over time of depressive symptoms was studied by repeated ratings
      of the symptoms of individual depressed in-patients. Both within-patient factor
      analysis of symptom scores and correlation of symptom change scores to total
      change scores suggested that, while the symptoms of reduced interest and pleasure
      covaried closely with ratings of observed and reported low mood, the more
      'biological' symptoms of sleep and appetite disturbance showed little
      covariation. The implications for the study of depression are discussed.

PMID- 6588402
TI  - Relationship of the child behavior checklist to an independent measure of
      psychopathology.

PMID- 6588403
TI  - [Pellicle removal with polishing paste].

PMID- 6588404
TI  - [Results of axiography and its effect on conservative dentistry].

PMID- 6588406
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6588405
TI  - [Acute periodontal inflammations and their treatment in dental practice].

PMID- 6588407
TI  - [Individual glass-fiber illumination technics for dental photographic
      demonstration, using as an example, carious destruction].

PMID- 6588408
TI  - [Various viewpoints on mixing composites under a vacuum and their effects on
      porosity].

PMID- 6588409
TI  - [We older colleagues].

PMID- 6588410
TI  - [Preventive aspects in tooth eruption (II)].

PMID- 6588411
TI  - [Basic knowledge: endodontics (II)].

PMID- 6588412
TI  - [It wont't hurt you].

PMID- 6588413
TI  - [ABC of a good practice].

PMID- 6588414
TI  - [Care of dentures].

PMID- 6588415
TI  - [Good eating and drinking habits--and continuing health as well].

PMID- 6588416
TI  - [A plate appliance in the occlusion of the primary dentition].

PMID- 6588417
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy studies of the ground surfaces of telescopic crowns
      after various work procedures].

PMID- 6588418
TI  - [Technical possibilities for lateral occlusion with an orthodontic plate
      appliance].

PMID- 6588419
TI  - Incorporation experiments with combined application of different bone seekers.

PMID- 6588421
TI  - [Surgical preparation of root canals].

PMID- 6588420
TI  - [Effect of late consequences of radiation on shortening the life-span].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on mongrel male albino rats injected with 90Sr (12.9
      kBq/g) and 45Ca (48.0 kBq/kg). It was shown that death of animals from lung
      inflammations markedly influenced the average life of a cohort.

PMID- 6588422
TI  - [Lower molars with four canals].

PMID- 6588423
TI  - [Anatomical variations in the palatal roots of endodontically treated upper
      molars].

PMID- 6588424
TI  - [Echography in the diagnosis of parotid tumors].

PMID- 6588425
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma with initial mandibular localization. Clinical,
      radiologic and ultrastructural study of 2 cases].

PMID- 6588426
TI  - [Cementation of fixed dentures. General considerations and clinical procedures].

PMID- 6588427
TI  - [Drug interactions of interest to oral surgery].

PMID- 6588428
TI  - [Infections in oral and maxillofacial pathology. Penicillins].

PMID- 6588429
TI  - [Dental implants].

PMID- 6588430
TI  - [Pd-Co-Ni alloys used for porcelain-fused-metal restorations. Effects of Au, Pt,
      Fe and Mo on the alloys].

PMID- 6588431
TI  - [A mercury angle meter for unconstrained posture monitoring].

PMID- 6588432
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy of the surface of dental cements using the critical
      point drying technic].

PMID- 6588433
TI  - [Preparation and microphase separation structure of AB type diblock copolymers].

PMID- 6588434
TI  - [Adsorption of proteins and mucin onto fluoridated polymethacrylates].

PMID- 6588435
TI  - [Preventive effect of EG-1088 on cholesterol infiltration into the aortic wall,
      and plasma lipid of long-term high fat-cholesterol feeding in stroke-prone (SHR)
      rats].

PMID- 6588436
TI  - [Effect of the angle and dimension of wire bending on orthodontic force].

PMID- 6588437
TI  - [Estimation of energy expenditure by vertical acceleration during jumping].

PMID- 6588438
TI  - [A typewriter for the visually handicapped with Braille display and voice
      synthesizer].

PMID- 6588439
TI  - [Preparation of a high sensitivity amino acids analyzer].

PMID- 6588440
TI  - [Development of a method for evaluating the total correction of the tetralogy of
      Fallot from the viewpoint of fluid dynamics].

PMID- 6588442
TI  - [Pulmonary aspergillosis, anatomo-pathological aspects of a patient with acute
      lymphoid leukemia].

PMID- 6588441
TI  - [Immunity disorders in alcoholic liver disease].

PMID- 6588443
TI  - The use of electroretinograms (ERG) in diagnosing retinitis pigmentosa and
      related visual disorders.

PMID- 6588444
TI  - Multiple abnormalities in a preterm infant with growth retardation.

PMID- 6588445
TI  - A case of amenorrhea and decreased vision.

PMID- 6588446
TI  - Maybe you can strike back.

PMID- 6588447
TI  - Professional liability: the crisis of the 1980s.

PMID- 6588448
TI  - Professional liability.

PMID- 6588449
TI  - The Joint Underwriting Association: status report and reflections.

PMID- 6588450
TI  - Radiographic case of the month. Chronic ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 6588451
TI  - [Our thoraco-abdominal cuirass ventilator for the management of chronic
      respiratory failure].

PMID- 6588452
TI  - [Anesthetic aspects of the primary treatment of labio-maxillo-palatal clefts].
AB  - This study of 97 operations discusses our anaesthetic experience for labio
      maxillary clefts and the problems which arise for the anaesthetist during pre
      inter and post surgical periods. This type of functional surgery is carried out
      on children between 4 and 23 months old, of which 22% presented with associated
      malformations. Paediatric anaesthetic characteristics in a maxillo-facial context
      are discussed in detail. We indicate the importance of installing the different
      surveillance elements before placement of the surgical fields. We treat the
      problems of drug interactions between the halogenic anaesthetics and
      vasoconstrictor used for local haemostasis, the limits of spontaneous ventilation
      and the secondary metabolic consequences of prolonged fasting.

PMID- 6588453
TI  - [Prognosis and procedure in the surgical and orthodontic treatment of
      maxillomandibular dysmorphism].
AB  - The treatment of maxillo-mandibular dysmorphies, which involves both surgery and
      orthodontics, depends on a precise diagnosis and tactical strategies based on
      simulations of treatment using teleradiography, telephotography and impressions.
      These measures are essential in order to obtain a stable, good quality result in
      terms of occlusion and the dental, pariodontal and skeletal aspects.

PMID- 6588454
TI  - [Cosmetic and functional diagnosis in vertical dysmorphisms of the face].
AB  - If it is accepted that 68 p. 100 of patients consulting for maxillofacial
      malformations do so for cosmetic reasons then the facial deformity must be taken
      into account in a similar manner to the maxillodental dysmorphism. A
      morphological cosmetic diagnosis must therefore be combined with a skeletal
      functional diagnosis. Just as teleradiographic techniques (Tweed-Sassouni
      Delaire) contribute to the differention of the various types of vertical
      dysmorphism, photographic analysis procedures (Fomon-Broadbent and Mathews-Baud)
      are necessary for the study of anterior vertical abnormalities. A global
      diagnosis (functional and cosmetic) requires evaluation of results of these
      different examination techniques evaluation of establish the choice of operation
      responding to the wishes of the patient while respecting the occlusal criteria
      ensuring durability of results.

PMID- 6588455
TI  - [Pitfalls in the interpretation of cephalometric teleradiography].
AB  - The most important and least recognized errors in the interpretation of
      cephalometric teleradiographs include: 1) the consequences of lack of recognition
      of a dissymmetry of the base of the skull in sagittal facial measurements, 2) the
      serious inconveniences of recording teleradiographs on a single reference point,
      for the understanding of facial growth, and 3) the inconveniences of the choice
      of certain conventional landmarks in this comprehension.

PMID- 6588456
TI  - [Surgical indications in craniofacial injuries].
AB  - Precise definition of indications for surgery in patients with craniofacial
      injury is impossible, and individual assessment of each case by the surgeon can
      be a source of errors. These may be due to excess or omission when confronted
      with bone lesions which fail to supply information on the state of the dura
      mater, and with rhinorrhea with lack of sufficient criteria to assess the
      condition of the dura mater and its capacity for healing. Indications should
      therefore be modulated as a function of the different anatomoclinical types
      involving different risks. On the other hand, one should not search for
      perfection since other factors are involved when operating under emergency
      conditions, and one must not err by presumption, knowing that no reconstruction
      is perfect.

PMID- 6588457
TI  - [Facial vascular pain and sympathalgia. Therapeutic trial].
AB  - After a brief historical review of non-symptomatic pain, the authors describe the
      typical form of vascular pain in the face, a definite clinical entity. As is in
      the case in other specialties, they now prefer the term vascular pain to that of
      sympathalgia, still often used in our own discipline. Vascular pain occurs by
      paroxysmal attacks centred upon the orbit, accompanied by typical vasomotors
      signs. The treatment proposed is based upon the use alone or in association of
      dihydroergotamine, methysergide and beta-blockers.

PMID- 6588458
TI  - [Anomalies of the path of closure].
AB  - Authors show some examples of shuting-way abnormalities. They show that only
      alveolar inclination can, by changing these abnormalities, modify the maxillo
      mandibular occlusion.

PMID- 6588459
TI  - [Critique of the interpretation of Angle's classification].
AB  - Physiological mesiodistal inclinations of the permanent first molars are now well
      recognized. These inclinations can be measured without difficulty on a lateral
      teleradiographic image of the head. Several cases are reported where anatomical
      normality of articulation of the molars did not correspond with physiological
      normal limits.

PMID- 6588460
TI  - [Pitfalls in implantology].
AB  - Of the numerous pitfalls associated with implant surgery, some immediate
      complications may occur as after all operations, including edema, pain,
      infection, while one is specific to implant surgery : the early rejection of the
      implant. Late complications include mobility and rejection of the implant, its
      breakage, lesions of adjacent teeth, of the maxillary sinus, the nasal fossae and
      the mandibular canal, and the risk of loss of bone substance and muccous bands.
      It is essential to evaluate possible general risks of an implant, and all
      possible data should be made available to surgeous. In spite of these
      reservations implants can be of immense service in carefully chosen cases and the
      technique is a valid one under these circumstances.

PMID- 6588462
TI  - [Pitfalls in the diagnosis and primary treatment of the Pierre Robin syndrome.
      Glosso-palato-mandibular respiratory distress in the hypotrophic infant].
AB  - This congenital affection is frequently unrecognized as being a severe entity
      requiring early diagnosis and treatment, the latter in some cases involving
      emergency neonatal surgery. Constant surveillance should enable immediate
      intervention on the first signs of nutritional, infections or respiratory
      complications. Their repetition requires anterior fixation of the tongue to
      ensure adequate growth. The nature of the glossoptosis and palatal cleft
      determines symptoms and course, but these are also affected directly by the
      neurosomatic context. In these respects, and in order to isolate the syndrome
      described in this report from within the framework of the diagnostic imprecision
      of Pierre Robin's syndromes, it can be defined as "glosso-palato-mandibular
      respiratory distress of hypotrophic infants". This terminology combines elements
      of the clinical picture with target symptoms for therapy.

PMID- 6588461
TI  - [Therapy of class II, division 1. Orthodontics or surgery?].
AB  - Concerning five observations of class II division 1, the authors justify
      therapies they used. Mandibular micrognathia is excluded. Proposed schedules are
      all based on a precise diagnosis and knowledge of abilities and limits of
      orthodontics. These limits depend upon orthodontical technics and also,
      individual factors, particularly if patient is an adult or a child. For a child,
      orthodontics are preferred and, according with prediction of mandibular growth
      and child's cooperation, non-extraction therapies are proposed. In adult,
      correction of deformity ignore such helpful factors as growth and cooperation;
      nevertheless, it can be successfully treated by orthodontics, using differential
      extractions, or, if orthodontics are impossible, by orthognathic surgery. Then,
      surgery will include orthodontical preparation and achievement of dental arches.

PMID- 6588463
TI  - [Unusual fissural cysts and an odd mesiodens].
AB  - Two radiological "pitfalls" were detected fortuitously. In the first case there
      were two images suggestive of fissural cysts of the maxilla between the lateral
      incisors and the canines which were found to be zones of osteolysis of unknown
      origin. The radiological image in the second case, of a mesiodens situated high
      in the palate, was finally diagnosed as being due to a rhinolith.

PMID- 6588465
TI  - [An orthodontic pitfall: the upper wisdom teeth].
AB  - The authors describe an orthodontic pitfall which has been more frequently
      observed during the last few years. They analyse the reasons for this increase
      and give their point of view about this practical problem. They propose solutions
      based on a wide experience in the hospital. The value of this article is
      increased by the essential iconography.

PMID- 6588464
TI  - [Pulp protectors and the deep regions of the cavity].
AB  - Increasing emphasis is being placed on the use of agents for protection of the
      pulp and the deep regions of the pulp cavity, modern conservative dentistry
      attempting as far as possible to conserve pulp vitality. The aim of this report
      is to assist the dental practitioner in his choice of the different varnishes and
      cements marketed by dental product manufacturers, to ensure the maximum of
      benefits for patients' teeth.

PMID- 6588466
TI  - [Rare case of hypertaurodontism].
AB  - The author observed a rare case of hypertaurodontism on a right lower molar n
      degree 2, with an apex like a lion's paw, a very low root trifurcation, but a
      normal ratio between the coronary and the radicular lengths. This anomaly may be
      due to an absence of any sub-coronary horizontal invagination in the Hertwig
      sheath, which would be hereditarily transmitted.

PMID- 6588467
TI  - Effect of stellatectomy on acid secretion and gastric release.
AB  - The stellate ganglia give rise to adrenergic fibers in the subdiaphragmatic vagus
      nerve which innervate the gut. Since stellatectomy causes a degeneration of these
      vagal adrenergic fibers, the purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the
      effect of stellatectomy on gastric acid secretion (GAS). GAS was measured in 6
      dogs with gastric fistula before and after stellatectomy was performed; also the
      gastrin response to a meat meal was studied before and after stellatectomy . Acid
      secretion increased significantly at submaximal doses of pentagastrin after
      stellatectomy , while basal and meal stimulated gastrin levels did not change.
      Horner's syndrome developed in each dog. These results suggest that the vagal
      adrenergic innervation of the stomach is an inhibitor of GAS in the dog.

PMID- 6588468
TI  - The effect of sympathomimetic agents on gastric acid secretion in rats.
AB  - Beta-adrenoceptor agonists have been reported to inhibit gastric acid secretion
      in vivo but their site and mode of action is uncertain. A study of the effects of
      such agents on acid secretion in the rat has been made using both an in vivo
      preparation and an in vitro one where possible effects due to neural, hormonal or
      cardiovascular actions of beta-agonists are avoided. In conscious rats with
      Heidenhain pouches, isoprenaline (40 micrograms kg-1h-1) inhibited the response
      to pentagastrin (20 micrograms kg-1h-1). This inhibition was abolished by
      propranolol (2 mg kg-1) and butoxamine (8 mg kg-1) and partially reversed by
      practolol (8 mg kg-1). Propranolol alone (2 mg kg-1) significantly increased the
      response to pentagastrin in the pouch rats but butoxamine and practolol (both at
      8 mg kg-1) and the inactive isomer (+)-propranolol were without effect on the
      pentagastrin response. In the rat isolated stomach preparation isoprenaline,
      salbutamol, salmefamol , adrenaline and nor-adrenaline all stimulated acid output
      over the range 2 X 10(-7) to 10(-5)M. These responses were antagonised by
      propranolol (2 X 10(-5)M), pindolol and timolol (10(-6)M) but only nor-adrenaline
      stimulated secretion was inhibited by the selective antagonists practolol,
      atenolol, butoxamine and ICI 118551. In vitro responses to beta-adrenoceptor
      agonists were not antagonised by atropine (10(-5)M), metiamide (10(-4)M) or
      prostaglandin E2 (10(-5)M).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6588470
TI  - The influence of autonomous nervous activity on total and regional gastric blood
      flow.
AB  - Using 8 mu radioactive microspheres total and regional gastric blood flow were
      measured in dogs under electrical splanchnic stimulation (SS), following
      splanchnicectomy (SE), under electrical stimulation of the vagal truncs (VS) and
      following truncal vagotomy (VE). The values were compared to controls and were
      taken while cardiac output (CO) and mean aortic pressure ( AOBP ) were
      registered. Total GBF was 16 +/- 4 ml/100g/min. in 8 animals. Regional flows were
      highest in the mucosa of corpus and fundus (35 +/- 7 and 27 +/- 6 ml/100g/min.)
      and lowest in the seromuscularis (4 +/- 1 ml/100g/min.) SS decreased total GBF to
      7 +/- 2 ml/100g/min. and this was due to a most dramatic fall in corpus and
      fundus mucosal flow by 75%. In contrast SE increased total GBF to 30 +/- 11 and
      regional corpus mucosal flow achieved 85 +/- 24 ml/100g/min. Blood flow changes
      under VS were similar to those following SE but were less elevated. In the same
      manner flow reduction following VE was similar to the changes seen after SS but
      in average less profound. CO and AOBP increased during SS (less than 30% of
      control) but were almost the same for SE, VS and VE.

PMID- 6588469
TI  - Intraoperative measurements of gastric blood flow in man: effects on blood flow
      of acid secretory stimulation and inhibition.
AB  - Gastric blood flow in man can be measured with an isotope washout technique,
      utilizing 85Krypton . Measurements are performed intraoperatively, during general
      anesthesia, after intraarterial injections of the tracer into the stomach wall.
      Both total blood flow to the stomach and the flow distribution to the separate
      wall layers can be estimated. The antrum and the body of the stomach can be
      studied separately. Repeat measurements are possible, enabling the blood flow to
      be studied both at rest and/or after induction or inhibition of acid secretion.

PMID- 6588471
TI  - The effect of mental stress induced by noise on gastric acid secretion and
      mucosal blood flow.
AB  - Mental stress is thought to promote the development of peptic ulcer. In the
      present study the effect of mental stress induced by noise on gastric acid
      secretion and mucosal blood flow was studied. A 90 dBA broad frequency noise
      applied by headphones increased diastolic and systolic blood pressure by 4 and 8
      mmHg, but left acid secretion and mucosal blood flow unchanged.

PMID- 6588472
TI  - Effects of alpha- and beta-adrenergic agents and dopamine on gastric motor
      activity stimulated by acetylcholine or physostigmine.
AB  - The inhibitory actions of phenylephrine, adrenaline, isoprenaline and dopamine on
      the antral and fundic pressure responses to exogenous acetylcholine or
      physostigmine were tested on isolated whole guinea-pig stomachs. Phenylephrine,
      adrenaline and dopamine markedly inhibited pressure responses to physostigmine,
      while the responses to acetylcholine were impaired to a less extent. The antral
      inhibition was more pronounced than the fundic. Isoprenaline was significantly
      less potent, but like the former inhibited physostigmine more than acetylcholine
      in the antrum. It may be concluded that adrenergic agents and dopamine exert
      their inhibition of gastric motor activity partly on intramural cholinergic
      neural pathways. Dopaminergic as well as alpha-adrenergic influence appear to be
      more effective than beta-adrenergic. The pronounced effect on phasic antral
      activity indicates principal inhibitory actions on propulsive motility and
      gastric emptying.

PMID- 6588473
TI  - Sympathetic control of gastric motility.
AB  - Since the role and mode of action of the sympathetic nervous system on
      interdigestive gastric motility is still unclear, we studied the effects of alpha
      and beta-adrenergic agents in 44 males without gastrointestinal diseases by 60
      min i.v. infusion of the drugs. Each person had 2 experiments, with normal saline
      solution as a control and either of the drugs, applied in randomized order. The
      basic electrical rhythm (BER) and spike activity of the stomach were recorded by
      a probe with bipolar suction-needle electrodes placed in the antrum. The
      interdigestive migrating electrical complex (IDMEC) was recorded by a probe with
      2 bipolar ring electrodes placed in the corpus and antrum of the stomach. The
      alpha-agonist norepinephrine, 0,4 micrograms/kg/min and the beta-agonist
      orciprenaline, 2 micrograms/kg/min, reduced the frequency of BER by 0.48 +/- 0.19
      c/min and 0.68 +/- 0.10 c/min respectively, and decreased the spike activity by
      22.7 +/- 3.1% and 30.8 +/- 2.3% respectively. Norepinephrine shortened the
      duration of phase III from 5.1 +/- 1.9 min to 3.0 +/- 1.4 min, and orciprenaline
      from 4.7 +/- 1.1 min to 2.2 +/- 0.5 min. The alpha-antagonist phentolamine, 50
      micrograms/kg/min and the beta-agonist propranolol, 10 micrograms/kg/min,
      increased the BER frequency by 0.88 +/- 0.10 c/min and 0.64 +/- 0.13 c/min
      respectively. They increased the spike activity by 20.7 +/- 2.4% and 58.3 +/-
      2.0% respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6588474
TI  - Reflex inhibition of gastric motility pathophysiological aspects.
AB  - Inhibition of gastric motility in response to abdominal trauma was studied in
      anesthetized cats. Nociceptive stimuli to the gut inhibited the stomach via two
      different reflex mechanisms. One reflex was strictly spinal and adrenergic
      inhibiting cholinergic neurons in the stomach. Stimuli to the stomach, small
      intestine and proximal colon induced stronger adrenergic inhibition than stimuli
      to distal colon. The second inhibitory mechanism was a vagal nonadrenergic
      inhibition of gastric tone evoked from all parts of the intestine via spinal
      afferents. This vagal reflex disturbed gastric electrical control potentials
      parallel to the motor inhibition. The vagal nonadrenergic and the sympatho
      adrenergic reflexes seem to act together in suppressing gastric tone. Adrenal
      medullary activity was not essential for the gastric response to abdominal
      trauma.

PMID- 6588475
TI  - Sympathetic nervous control of gastric motility and interaction with vagal
      activity.
AB  - Gastro-gastric reflexes controlling gastric motility were studied in
      anaesthetized cats. Distensions and contractions of the gastric wall elicited two
      different inhibitory responses: 1) A spinal adrenergic reflex inhibiting
      cholinergic neurons in the gastric wall leading to suppression of rhythmic
      gastric contractions and increasing gastric reservoir capacity. 2) A vago-vagal
      reflex involving non-adrenergic vagal fibres to the stomach. This latter storage
      reflex seems to be of major importance for gastric reservoir capacity. It is
      concluded that stimulation of gastric mechanoreceptors activates sympathetic
      adrenergic reflexes which together with simultaneously activated vagal inhibitory
      reflexes can influence gastric contractions and reservoir capacity.

PMID- 6588476
TI  - How to achieve total gastric sympathectomy.
AB  - Experimental examinations on acute, stress induced gastric ulcers have shown the
      outstanding role of the sympathetic innervation in the pathogenesis of this
      ischemic disease. As reduction of sympathetic tonus resulted in a significant
      prophylaxis against "stress ulcers", further experimental work was done to
      achieve total but selective gastric sympathectomy. In a histomorphological study
      in dogs (Method: Hillarp and Falck in the modification of Heene ) the effects of
      three different surgical procedures on gastric sympathetic denervation were
      investigated: 1. Selective proximal vagotomy (= SPV, 8 dogs) 2. SPV and
      periarterial denervation of the main gastric arteries with severance of the
      gastrolineal ligament (= PASD , 8 dogs) 3. PASD alone (7 dogs) Selective proximal
      vagotomy resulted in a sympathetic denervation of major parts of the right site
      of the fundus and corpus. Following selective proximal vagotomy with periarterial
      denervation ( PASD ) there was a complete sympathetic denervation of the entire
      stomach. Only a minimal area of resting sympathetic innervation was observed on
      the esophago-cardial border when periarterial denervation ( PASD ) was performed
      alone.

PMID- 6588477
TI  - Infections in surgery. Proceedings from a symposium held at the XVIth Nordic
      Gastroenterology Meeting, Stavanger, Norway, 1-4 June 1983.

PMID- 6588478
TI  - Microbial spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility in infections after
      gastrointestinal surgery.
AB  - Operations on the gastrointestinal tract is associated with a high frequency of
      postoperative infections. This is due to contamination of the operating area with
      bacteria from the normal microflora of the intestines. The bacterial spectrum in
      infections occurring after colorectal surgery, appendicectomy and
      cholecystectomia are presented. Escherichia coli is the single most frequent
      species in all these instances. The anaerobic bacteria dominating in the normal
      bowel flora also cause a high number of infections. Prophylactic regimens in
      colorectal surgery have consisted of metronidazole combined with either
      ampicillin or doxycycline. The level of resistance to tetracyclines is higher
      than against ampicillin and it appears that tetracyclines select for development
      of resistance to a larger extent than ampicillin.

PMID- 6588480
TI  - Development of resistance following the use of antibiotics.
AB  - There is no doubt that antibiotic usage is related to the development of
      resistant bacteria. Nevertheless, there is a great deal of confusion about the
      mechanisms involved in this process and the quantitative aspects. Bacterial genes
      coding for resistance can be exchanged on a molecular level between different DNA
      structures and they can spread from one bacterial cell to another. In
      quantitative terms, however, the selection of resistant bacteria in their natural
      environment, e.g. in the bowel flora or on mucous membranes, is the most
      important factor influencing the development and spread of antibiotic resistant
      microorganisms. The amount of drug incorporated into the bowel or soft tissue
      flora depends on the route of administration. Even drugs which are related in
      many respects differ markedly in their ability to select resistant organisms. A
      selection of resistant organisms from the normal human flora implicates, that
      primarily a minority of resistant organisms is present and overgrows the
      sensitive ones which are inhibited by the drug. Usually these resistant strains
      belong to the resident flora and carry their resistance genes on plasmids. Only
      rarely resistant mutants can be found, although the mutation rate might be high.
      The development of resistance from the population of microorganisms causing the
      infection is rare. This observation can be based on two rationales : 1. The
      mutation rate from susceptible to resistant in most microorganisms is usually
      rather low (about 10(-9); thus the number of microbes present on the site of
      infection is not high enough to allow mutants to arise.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6588479
TI  - Efficacy of metronidazole and fosfomycin alone and in combination in the
      treatment of experimentally induced intra-abdominal infections.
AB  - A reproducible experimental model of intra-abdominal infection in rats has been
      worked out in order to simulate intra-abdominal sepsis seen in humans and to test
      different antimicrobials in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections. This
      experimental model was used to evaluate the efficacy of metronidazole and
      fosfomycin alone and in combination in the treatment of intra-abdominal sepsis.
      Seventy per cent of the untreated animals died within two days. Within seven
      days, 33% of the animals receiving metronidazole alone, and 40% receiving
      fosfomycin alone died. Animals treated with metronidazole plus fosfomycin showed
      a significantly decreased mortality and increased cure rates during the
      experimental period.

PMID- 6588481
TI  - Penetration of antibiotics to tissues and infected foci.
AB  - There is proportionality between the area under the curve of concentrations in
      serum and the area under the curve in tissues and other extravascular foci of the
      body. A high peak area under the serum curve - PAUC - establishes high
      extravascular concentration levels in tissues, operation areas and infected
      sites. Most antibiotics are able to produce satisfactory antibacterial levels in
      interstitial tissue fluid regardless of serum protein binding. Binding to
      components of interstitial space, like alpha 1-globulin, inhibits the
      establishment of the concentrations. Administration of a prophylactic agent by
      infusion 1 h before an operation suffices to produce anti-bacterial levels in
      wound tissues to inhibit growth of susceptible bacteria contaminating it during
      the operation.

PMID- 6588482
TI  - Prophylactic regimens in colorectal surgery. Comparison between metronidazole
      used alone or in combination with either ampicillin or doxycycline.
AB  - Sixteen hospitals are participating in this study, that started in October 1982
      and will be concluded when 456 patients have been admitted. The study includes
      patients eligible for elective colorectal surgery. Inclusion criteria, surgical
      techniques, definition of recognizable infection, sampling of specimens for
      bacteriological investigations, bacteriologic techniques, and evaluation criteria
      were standardized. Patients were divided into 2 main groups. Patients in Group 1
      received either a single intravenous dose of 1500 mg metronidazole or this dose
      was combined with a single, intravenous dose of 6 g ampicillin. Patients in group
      2 received either a single intravenous dose of 1500 mg metronidazole or this dose
      combined with a single intravenous dose of 400 mg doxycycline. Dosage regimens
      were allocated randomly. The current results concern 136 patients. Postoperative
      infections were seen in 6.7% of the patients receiving metronidazole alone, and
      2.9% of the patients receiving metronidazole + ampicillin (Group 1). In Group 2,
      postoperative infection occurred in 17.1% of the patients receiving metronidazole
      alone, and in 2.7% of those receiving metronidazole + doxycycline.

PMID- 6588483
TI  - Management of surgical infections.
AB  - Results of treatment of 151 surgical infections with a variety of antimicrobial
      regimes were retrospectively compared. Diagnoses included diffuse peritonitis
      (43), severe soft tissue infections (11), septicaemia accompanying abdominal
      infections (29), intra-abdominal abscesses (36), local peritonitis (27) and other
      localized infections (5). A total of 211 anaerobic and 130 aerobic strains were
      isolated. A cure rate of 92% was achieved with metronidazole or ornidazole used
      alone and 89% with these nitroimidazoles plus an aminoglycoside. Results were
      equally satisfactory regardless of whether a surgical procedure, such as drainage
      was performed. Clindamycin and the aminoglycosides had satisfactory results in
      combination, but not when used alone. Good controlled trials are now justified to
      define the need for an aminoglycoside and/or surgery in addition to a
      nitroimidazole.

PMID- 6588484
TI  - Antimicrobial therapy of infections following abdominal surgery.
AB  - Even with excellent surgical technique, the infection rate after abdominal
      surgery is as high as 30%. One third of these infections extend to septicaemia.
      Successful therapy of septicaemia depends on early clinical suspicion, rigorous
      diagnostic measures, aggressive initiation of antimicrobial treatment and
      comprehensive supportive care. The bacteriology of postoperative, abdominal
      infections is dominated by aerobic and aerobic Gram-negative bacilli. Anaerobic
      bacteria are more prevalent in infections originating from sites with a faecal
      flora. Bacteroides fragilis is the most frequently isolated anaerobe. Enterococci
      are seldom the primary pathogen and polymicrobial etiology is common. Ideally,
      antimicrobial therapy should be tailored on the basis of an established,
      bacteriological diagnosis. In such cases, betalactam antibiotics should be
      preferred to aminoglycosides for toxicological and other reasons. In cases of
      unknown bacteriological etiology, a broad spectrum is required, and combinations
      of 2 or 3 antibiotics are recommended. In these combinations aminoglycosides play
      a dominant role. In abdominal infections, it is probably more favourable to
      combine an aminoglycoside with clindamycin than with benzyl-penicillin, even
      though the possibility of enterococci is not covered. In case of septicaemia
      where faecal contamination is strongly suspected, many clinicians feel that a
      triple combination with an aminoglycoside, benzyl-penicillin and an imidazole
      drug should be recommended.

PMID- 6588485
TI  - The pharmacokinetics of one single preoperative dose of metronidazole or
      tinidazole.
AB  - Eight patients who were subjected to colorectal surgery received 1500 mg
      metronidazole and another 8 patients 1600 mg tinidazole. The two groups of
      patients were comparable in respect to age, body size, diagnoses, types of
      operations, premedication, and anaesthesia. Concentrations of the parent
      compounds and hydroxy-metronidazole were determined by high pressure liquid
      chromatography in serum and tissues (subcutaneous fat, rectus abdominal muscle,
      peritoneum, greater omentum, distal ileum, colon, appendix). The serum and tissue
      concentrations of metronidazole and tinidazole were within overlapping ranges.
      Hydroxy-metronidazole but not hydroxy-tinidazole was detected. The total area
      under the serum curves was 505 (SD: +/- 181) mg . h/l for metronidazole, 137 (+/-
      38) mg . h/l for hydroxy-metronidazole, and 810 (+/- 286) mg . h/l for
      tinidazole. The serum half-life values in the same order were 8.5, 11.2, and 14.2
      hours. The distribution volume (Vd,area) were 30.1 liter for metronidazole and
      38.8 liter for tinidazole. The range of tissue concentrations were completely
      overlapping. The two regimens can, consequently, be assessed as
      pharmacokinetically similar.

PMID- 6588486
TI  - Comparative pharmacokinetics of metronidazole and tinidazole used as single dose
      prophylactic agents.
AB  - The pharmacokinetic properties of metronidazole (M) and tinidazole (T) were
      studied in patients undergoing colorectal surgery after a single preoperative
      dose of 1500 mg infused during 50 minutes. High-pressure liquid chromatography
      was used to determine serum concentrations, which for M and T were almost
      identical during the first 12 hours. After 24 hours, the concentration of T were
      slightly higher. Both drugs were detected in serum at 72 hours. The serum half
      life (t1/2) was 9.4 hours for M and 17.6 hours for T, whereas the
      hydroxymetabolite of M had a t1/2 of 17.6 hours. There was considerable
      interindividual variation in both T and M concentrations. The prophylactic use of
      a single preoperative dose of 1500 mg of either M or T in elective colorectal
      surgery is supported by favourable pharmacokinetic properties of both drugs.

PMID- 6588487
TI  - Anaerobic bacteria. Pathogenicity and relevant antimicrobial agents.

PMID- 6588488
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of metronidazole and its major metabolite after a high
      intravenous dose.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of metronidazole (M) and hydroxy-metronidazole (OH-M) were
      determined in 8 healthy volunteers after a single dose of 1.5 g metronidazole
      given as an intravenous infusion during 50 min. High-pressure liquid
      chromatography was used for the assays. The serum concentration determined 1 h
      after the start of infusion was 40.21 +/- 6.54 mg/1. The peak concentrations of
      the metabolite were observed after 8-12 h. The serum concentrations of M and OH-M
      were detectable throughout the 48 h monitored. The serum half-life of M was 7.6 h
      and of OH-M 13.3 h. The terminal phase distribution volume was 43.2 lit and the
      total body clearance 4.0 lit./h. The prophylactic use of 1.5 g of metronidazole
      given as a single intravenous dose 1 h prior to surgery is supported by the
      pharmacokinetic assessments in this study.

PMID- 6588489
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of metronidazole after tablets,
      suppositories and intravenous administration.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of metronidazole were determined in cross-over study on 11
      healthy volunteers after 400 mg tablets from two producers. 1000 mg suppositories
      and 800 mg intravenously (IV). High-pressure liquid chromatography was used to
      assay both unchanged metronidazole (M) and the hydroxy metronidazole metabolite
      (OH-M). The peak concentrations were observed 1.2 - 1.3 hrs after the
      administration of tablets and 4.9 hrs after the suppositories. After the IV dose,
      the OH-M peak appeared only after 8 hours. The serum half-life was 6.5 hrs after
      the IV dose, 6.1 - 6.8 hrs after the tablets and 6.8 hrs after the suppositories.
      After IV dosage, the terminal phase distribution volume was 38.1 lit and the
      total body clearance 4.09 lit/hr. The bioavailability of the tablets was 80.4 and
      84.1 per cent and after the suppositories 53.8 per cent. The rate of elimination
      OH-M was faster after suppositories than after IV dosage where it was
      intermediate after the tablets. Accordingly, the serum-half-life was 9.7 hrs
      after suppositories, 19.2 hrs after IV infusion, and 10.6 and 11.8 hrs. after the
      tablets. The rates of apparent metabolization was graded in the same relative
      order, with a faster rate after the suppositories, 0.168 hrs-1 compared to 0.368
      hrs-1 after the IV route of administration. The differences pertaining to OH-M is
      considered probably to be caused by interaction with the metabolic activity of
      the bacterial flora of the colon.

PMID- 6588490
TI  - Antimicrobial therapy for anaerobic infections.
AB  - Our increasing understanding of anaerobes and the infections they cause has
      reaffirmed that benzyl-penicillin is a useful agent when B. fragilis group
      organisms can be ruled out. At the same time, however, we have also learned that
      the number of instances in which penicillin-resistant bacteroides can be ruled
      out seems to be diminishing. For the most serious anaerobic infections, the
      clinician must turn to an agent such as chloramphenicol, clindamycin, or
      metronidazole. As a group, these drugs are the most reliably effective against
      clinically significant B. fragilis and most other anaerobes; gaps in their
      spectrum can be covered with benzyl-penicillin. A major drawback with
      chloramphenicol, in particular, remains its potential toxicity, a feature that
      underscores the importance of matching the antimicrobial weapon to the target.
      The less consistently reliable agents tend to be the less potentially toxic; they
      should be used if the anaerobic infection is judged not serious or life
      threatening. The more potent, potentially more toxic drugs should be used when
      life is in danger.

PMID- 6588491
TI  - Duodenogastric reflux. Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on
      Duodenogastric Reflux. Brunnen, Switzerland, 23-25 June 1983.

PMID- 6588492
TI  - To-and-fro movements across the canine pylorus.
AB  - A two marker technique was used to measure gastric emptying, duodenogastric
      reflux, and gastric volume secretion after intragastric instillation of a 300 ml
      liquid lipid meal in 11 dogs. The dogs either had an intact pylorus (n = 5), a
      Heineke -Mikulicz pyloroplasty (n = 3), or an extramucosal circular pylorectomy
      (n = 3). The mean gastric emptying rates in the three groups of dogs were 4.9
      ml/min +/- 0.3 SEM, 5.7 +/- 0.2 (p less than 0.05), and 8.6 +/- 1.8 (p less than
      0.01) respectively. The duodenogastric reflux rates were 0.7 ml/min +/- 0.2 SEM,
      1.8 +/- 0.2 (p less than 0.05), and 3.2 +/- 1.0 (p less than 0.05), respectively.
      The gastric volume secretion did not significantly differ. Although emptying
      rates were higher in the dogs with surgically destroyed pylorus than in dogs with
      intact pylorus, the rate of disappearance of the test meal from the stomach was
      nearly identical in the three groups. This is due to the different degrees to-and
      fro movements across the gastroduodenal junction. They amounted to 2.3 percent of
      the test meal +/- 1.0 SEM in dogs with intact pylorus, to 7.7 +/- 1.0 in dogs
      with pyloroplasty (p less than 0.05), and to 15.5 +/- 2.4 in dogs with
      pylorectomy (p less than 0.01). It is concluded that pyloroplasty and pylorectomy
      increase both gastric emptying and duodenogastric reflux rate. Simple assessment
      of the disappearance of a test meal from the stomach without measurement of to
      and-fro movements cannot detect this effect on emptying rate. The pylorus keeps
      to-and-fro movements across the gastroduodenal junction at a low level.

PMID- 6588493
TI  - Role of local secretory and motility changes in the pathogenesis of experimental
      duodenal ulcer.
AB  - Changes in gastric acid and pepsin secretions do not fully account for the
      duodenal ulcerogenic effect of cysteamine or propionitrile in the rat. We
      investigated the role of pancreatic and biliary secretions as well as motility
      changes in the duodenum. Bypass of bile to the jejunum and/or ablation of
      pancreatic secretion or drainage of these secretions through chronic duodenal
      fistula aggravated the cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers. Biliary bypass to the
      proximal duodenum, on the other hand, decreased the incidence and intensity of
      experimental duodenal ulcers. An increased and dopamine-sensitive myoelectric
      activity caused by cysteamine or propionitrile was recorded in the proximal
      duodenum, indicating a state of hypermotility. Indeed, a decreased quantity of
      bilirubin was recovered through the chronic fistula in the proximal duodenum,
      suggesting an impaired delivery of bile to the ulcer area after cysteamine
      administration. Thus, duodenal hypermotility probably prevents the proper mix and
      neutralization of gastric acid and duodenal (mucosal, biliary and pancreatic)
      secretions, predisposing to ulceration in the proximal duodenum.

PMID- 6588494
TI  - Diversion of bile and pancreatic secretion in the rat and its effect on
      cysteamine-induced duodenal and peptic ulcer development under maximal acid
      secretion.
AB  - In this investigation we assess whether diversion of bile and pancreatic
      secretion protects rats from ulceration under maximal acid secretion as it does
      in cysteamine-induced ulcers. The rats were divided into a cysteamine-group (Cy)
      comprising 16 rats and a secretagogue group (PC) with 18 white male rats. Half of
      the animals of each group were submitted to the diversion-operation (division of
      the duodenum distally from the pylorus, jejuno-duodenostomy and entero-y
      anastomosis), Cy2 and PC2 respectively. The other animals were not operated (Cy1
      and PC1). In the cysteamine group the rats were given twice cysteamine-HC1
      injections subcutaneously and the PC group were given a 24 h infusion with
      pentagastrin and carbachol. All animals of the Cy1 group had duodenal ulcers, 3
      perforated. However, only 2 rats had one ulcer each in the Cy2 group (p less than
      0.01). The PC1 group totalled 30 duodenal ulcers in the 9 animals with 10
      perforations, 13 ulcers in 6 animals with 3 perforations in PC2. Furthermore in
      PC1 group 34 gastric ulcers were found in 7 rats and only 4 ulcers in the PC2
      group. It is therefore concluded, that the diversion operation provided
      protection against cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers (p less than 0.01) and
      ulcer formation under maximal acid stimulation in the duodenum (p less than 0.02)
      as well as in the rat stomachs (p less than 0.05). In the PC group the restraint
      haltering of the animals promoted presumably a stress situation with bile reflux
      in the non-operated whereas in the operated animals (PC2) reflux did not occur.

PMID- 6588495
TI  - The role of bile salts in cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer in the rat and the
      ulceroprotective property of lysolecithin.
AB  - Cysteamine induces duodenal ulcers in rats, but bile diversion inhibits ulcer
      formation. Since lysolecithin inhibits stress ulceration in rats, it is assessed
      now whether lysolecithin inhibits cysteamine-induced ulcers, too. Male rats were
      operated: division of the duodenum distally to the pylorus, duodenojejunostomy.
      Roux-en-Y duodenojejunostomy. 4 groups comprising 10 animals. Drinking solution
      for group 1, 3 and 4: Na taurocholate and glycocholic acid (5 mmol/l). For group
      2 addition of 0.2 mmol/l lysolecithin. Cysteamine-HCl (10%) twice subcutaneously
      on the 19th day in group 1, 3 and 4, isotonic NaCl in group 2. In group four 1 ml
      lysolecithin per gastric tube 1 h before cysteamine. RESULTS: Group 1: 8 animals
      with 16 ulcers, group 2: 7 with 10 ulcers, group 3: no ulcers, group 4: 3 with 5
      ulcers (p less than 0.05/p less than 0.02). CONCLUSION: Lysolecithin, a substance
      produced during fat digestion, exerted an ulceroprotective property (lyso
      protection) under experimental conditions, as shown here for the first time, to
      the author's knowledge. The enhancement of cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer
      development by bile salts is again documented.

PMID- 6588496
TI  - The ulcer risk in reflux preventive gastric operations. An experimental study.
AB  - The ulcer risk of duodenogastric antireflux operations following gastric
      resection was analyzed experimentally in 162 rats. After gastric resection a Roux
      Y gastrojejunostomy or jejunal transposition of various length were done. 10
      month postoperatively a follow-up was performed consisting of endoscopy, analysis
      of gastrin and gastric secretion, gastric emptying tests and histamine
      stimulation. A high incidence of stomal ulceration was found, which was directly
      related to the length of the interposed jejunal segment. The reflux free stomachs
      within 10 month developed stomal ulcerations in 72.7%, after additional 2 mg/kg
      histamine stimulation in 100%. The aetiology of these ulcers seems to be acid
      related, because all reflux-free stomachs showed a very low pH. Reflux preventive
      operations are demonstrated to be a modification of the Mann-Williamson
      experiment. They should be used carefully or avoided.

PMID- 6588497
TI  - Enhancement of duodenal and jejunal ulceration by histamine-induced gastric
      hypersecretion in dogs with diversion of duodenal contents.
AB  - In a previous investigation deviation of duodenal contents protected rats
      significantly from the development of peptic ulceration under maximal acid
      secretion. We have now assessed the effect of diversion of duodenal contents in
      dogs submitted to the same operative procedure under histamine-induced
      hypersecretion. Six mongrel dogs underwent the following procedure: A two cm
      duodenal segment was left adjacent to the intact pylorus, proximal jejunum
      anastomosed to this segment and a Roux-en-Y duodeno-jejunostomy performed. The
      dogs were given 30 mg histamine in beeswax daily i.m. Unexpectedly their physical
      condition deteriorated rapidly by the second day and they were sacrificed on the
      4th day. Necropsy revealed multiple and severe peptic ulceration. There was a
      total of 9 duodenal ulcers with no perforations. 5 anastomotic and 24 jejunal
      ulcers with 1 and 3 perforations respectively. It was concluded that the
      diversion of duodenal contents enhanced ulcer formation in dogs and that the
      model mimicked a Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome. Ulceration occurred in transitional
      or jejunal type of duodenal mucosa. No gastric lesions were found and this
      suggests that the diversionary procedure was an effective means of preventing
      bile from reaching the gastric mucosa.

PMID- 6588498
TI  - Pyloric and duodenal motor contributions to duodenogastric reflux.
AB  - The motor mechanisms of duodenogastric reflux were identified in 4 healthy,
      conscious dogs using electromyographic and fluoroscopic recordings of stomach,
      duodenum and upper jejunum. A barium suspension was injected via a pre-placed
      cannula in the orad jejunum, during the interdigestive period. Under normal
      conditions, reflux was uncommon. It was produced by duodenal segmental
      contractions occurring when the pylorus was open, or forced open by the duodenal
      contractions. Reflux was more common during retrograde electrical pacing of the
      duodenal pacesetter potential. It was then also produced by duodenal segmental
      contractions associated with an open, or opening, pylorus. During intravenous
      administration of apomorphine, reflux occurring early in the vomiting complex,
      was again produced by duodenal segmental contractions associated with an open, or
      opening, pylorus. The major apomorphine reflux event, however, occurred later
      when an emetic antiperistaltic contraction, originating in the duodenum or orad
      jejunum swept the contents before it into the stomach.

PMID- 6588499
TI  - The gastric mucosa in experimental duodenogastric reflux. A scanning electron
      microscope study.
AB  - In the course of a long-lasting experiment on entero-gastric reflux in the dog,
      we examined with the SEM the gastric mucosal surface epithelium in 22 animals
      chronically exposed to any type of enteral diversion to the stomach, associated
      in one group to a highly selective vagotomy. Tissue samples were collected at the
      time of corrective surgery and at sacrifice in the survivors. The control group
      was composed of 4 dogs with Roux-en-Y loops. At remedial surgery, about half the
      dogs failed to display any cellular alteration, regardless of the group they
      belonged to. The isolated biliary reflux group alone showed fundic erosions in
      100% of the dogs. In the antral area, the isolated pancreatic reflux appeared to
      be the most damaging. Similar erosions were found in the antrum and the fundus of
      the majority of control dogs. Six to twelve months after suppression of the
      reflux, the erosions showed a tendency to incomplete regression, and more often
      to progression. We advocate the protective role of the chronic alkaline reflux on
      the gastric mucosa to explain our results.

PMID- 6588500
TI  - A long-term study of experimental duodenogastric reflux on the vagotomized
      stomach in dogs.
AB  - The possibility has been explored in dogs that the effects of chronic enteral
      reflux on the gastric mucosa may be modified by highly selective vagotomy (HSV).
      In both the innervated and the vagotomized stomachs, Roux-en-Y duodenogastrostomy
      induced mucosal hyperaemia and foveolar hyperplasia; the mucosa regained normal
      morphology after the elimination of reflux. Duodenogastrostomy without HSV did
      not influence basal serum gastrin but resulted in a significant increase in
      mucosal histamine. After duodenogastrostomy with HSV basal serum gastrin
      decreased significantly and mucosal histamine was not affected. It is concluded
      that foveolar hyperplasia is a reversible reaction of the mucosa to potentially
      damaging agents like enteral contents. It is also suggested that the combination
      of chronic enterogastric reflux, abnormal gastrointestinal motility and HSV might
      have an inhibitory effect on gastrin release.

PMID- 6588501
TI  - The cancer risk in the stomach subjected to nonresecting procedures. An
      experimental long-term study.
AB  - Whereas there is no longer any significant controversy regarding whether the
      resected stomach is subject to an increased risk of cancer, this question remains
      of great importance in terms of the cancer risk of nonresecting procedures
      performed on the stomach. Attention was given in particular to investigating with
      respect to carcinogenic potential the influence of gastrotomy. Heineke-Mikulicz
      pyloroplasty, gastrotomy plus pyloroplasty, vagotomy plus pyloroplasty, and
      gastroenterostomy without resection. As with resecting procedures, the carcinomas
      were also first observed in larger numbers following the nonresecting procedures
      without application of carcinogen. Of the 227 animals surviving the prescribed
      period 16 developed carcinomas of the stomach following application of
      carcinogen. 20 developed gastric carcinomas without carcinogen. Which individual
      factors in this multifactorial process might be the main contributors to
      carcinogenesis cannot be ascertained from our study.

PMID- 6588502
TI  - Gastric histology and its relationship to entero-gastric reflux after duodenal
      ulcer surgery.
AB  - Thirty-six volunteers, asymptomatic 7 to 22 years after various operations for
      duodenal ulcer, were screened for enterogastric reflux by external scanning
      following injection of 99mTc HIDA; they also had endoscopy for measurement of the
      fasting juice pH, and multiple biopsies. In patients with a pH above 4 there was
      an association between a positive bile reflux test and the presence of pre
      malignant changes in the gastric mucosa. Carcinoembryonic antigen in the gastric
      mucosa was found in all patients and was not, therefore, a useful screening test
      for stump cancer. Blind examination of two sets of endoscopic biopsies obtained 6
      weeks apart in symptomatic patients with post-operative reflux gastritis showed
      that histological assessment remained reproducible. Gastric biopsies obtained
      from 16 patients before, and a year after, Roux-en-Y gastro-jejunostomy
      demonstrated that foveolar hyperplasia tended to regress after bile diversion.

PMID- 6588503
TI  - Morphological changes in the operated stomach under the influence of
      duodenogastric reflux. Clinical follow-up over 20 years.
AB  - The chronic changes in the gastric mucosa arising years or even decades after
      surgery and interpreted as a precancerous state are causally related to the
      unphysiological irritation due to duodenogastric reflux. It was the objective of
      our study to determine whether there is an increase in alterations in the gastric
      mucosa of the operated stomach, as a function of postoperative interval and the
      particular surgical procedure performed, with consideration for the varying
      degrees of resultant duodenogastric reflux. Specifically, there were 320 patients
      and three different operative procedures studied with postoperative follow-up
      averaging a period of up to 20 years. The synopsis of the results shows not only
      a progression of the premalignancy apparent in the morphology of the mucosa, but
      also provides an indication of the varying intensity of duodenogastric reflux
      associated with each of the operative methods.

PMID- 6588504
TI  - The incidence of duodenogastric reflux in peptic ulcer disease.
AB  - Using 99mTc diethyl HIDA, a gamma camera was used to assess duodenogastric reflux
      of bile in the supine position in control patients and patients with active
      duodenal ulceration. Cholecystokinin was injected intravenously during the test
      to contract the gall bladder. Patients with benign gastric ulcers, and a group of
      age matched controls, were investigated for duodenogastric bile reflux in the
      sitting position by a nasogastric aspiration technique after a 10% dextrose meal.
      Of 60 patients with duodenal ulceration 32 (53%) were reflux positive, and of 13
      control patients 6 (46%) were positive. Of 30 patients with gastric ulceration 17
      (53%) were reflux positive, and 8 out of 15 (53%) control subjects were positive.
      The incidence of duodenogastric reflux assessed supine in the fasting state, and
      seated after a liquid meal, was similar in patients with peptic ulceration and in
      normal controls.

PMID- 6588505
TI  - The possible role of duodenogastric reflux in the pathogenesis of both gastric
      and duodenal ulcers.
AB  - Duodenogastric reflux was assessed scintigraphically in normal subjects (n = 20)
      and in patients with duodenal (n = 15) or gastric ulcers (n = 14). Reflux was
      graded 0-4 according to degree and was minimal in the control group (0.25 +/-
      0.12) (mean +/- SEM), but significantly increased in 11 out of 15 patients with
      duodenal ulceration (1.33 +/- 0.25) and in 12 out of 14 patients with gastric
      ulceration (1.86 +/- 0.29) (P less than or equal to 0.0025). Gastric mucosal
      biopsies taken at endoscopy showed changes of gastritis which correlated well
      with the degree of reflux. It is suggested therefore that duodenogastric reflux
      may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of some peptic ulcers, and may be
      responsible for many of the pathophysiological changes seen in these patients.

PMID- 6588506
TI  - The gastric mucosa in duodenal, gastric, and prepyloric ulceration.
AB  - The amount of normal mucosa, and mucosa affected by chronic gastritis has been
      measured in 6 human partial gastrectomy specimens. Two were resected for duodenal
      ulceration, 2 for prepyloric and 2 for gastric ulceration. Of the 2 duodenal
      ulcer specimens, one was resected for the usual type of ulcer, the second for
      Giant duodenal ulcer. The amount of gastritis seen was least in the usual type of
      duodenal ulcer, more in prepyloric ulcer, and greatest in gastric ulceration
      where most of the damaged mucosa was in relation to the lesser curvature. Giant
      duodenal ulceration seems to represent a specific condition, with clinical
      manifestation that are different from the usual type of duodenal ulcer. The
      amount of chronic atrophic gastritis seen in this condition, is more than occurs
      in either the usual type of duodenal ulcer, or in prepyloric ulceration. It is
      almost as much as is seen in gastric ulceration.

PMID- 6588507
TI  - Myogenic activity relationship between the lower esophageal sphincter and pylorus
      of the cat in normal peristalsis and provoked retroperistalsis.
AB  - Electrodes were chronically implanted in some of 14 cats and acutely inserted in
      others in the muscle of the high pressure zone of the lower esophagus (LEHPZ), in
      the duodenum, pylorus and antrum at identical location to register the myogenic
      electrical activity of the LEHPZ. Simultaneously the intraluminal pressure of the
      LEHPZ and swallowing contractions were recorded on a 6 channel Beckman R 611 ink
      pen polygraph using stationary perfusion manometry. A clear basic electrical
      rhythm with slow wave activity was regularly found in the LEHPZ. Strong
      electrical changes (action potentials) were superimposed on the slow waves which
      were associated with relaxation in the LEHPZ and muscle contraction in the
      esophagus. Electric stimulation of the duodenum and pylorus with rectangular
      impulses produced retrograde peristalsis in the antrum but no response in the
      LEHPZ. Direct stimulation of the LEHPZ and gastric fundus, however, caused a
      strong transient contraction of the LEHPZ.

PMID- 6588508
TI  - Gastric mucus secretion in chronic gastritis.
AB  - We have studied gastric soluble mucus behaviour in 58 patients with histological
      evidence of chronic gastritis and without circumscribed lesions of the upper
      gastrointestinal tract endoscopically demonstrated, compared with a control group
      of 8 normal subjects. As mucus secretion parameters, the protein component of
      mucosubstances, glucosamine, fucose, the free NANA and sulphate groups content
      were determined with biochemical methods. In cases of superficial gastritis,
      either diffuse or limited to fundus or to antrum with normal remaining mucosa, we
      have observed a significant decrease of fucomucines and a significant increase of
      sulphomucines compared with a control group, without significant quantitative
      variations of total soluble mucus. In cases of diffuse and limited atrophic
      gastritis there were more significant qualitative variations of soluble mucus
      characterized by a higher decrease of neutral mucosubstances with a high increase
      of the acid ones than in cases of superficial gastritis. Quantitative variations
      of total soluble mucus were present only in the situation of diffuse to fundus
      and antrum atrophic gastritis.

PMID- 6588509
TI  - Intragastric bile acid and lysolecithin in gastroduodenal ulcer and gastric
      cancer.
AB  - In 99 patients with different types of gastroduodenal ulcer and gastric carcinoma
      the intragastric concentrations of bile acids and lysolecithin was analyzed under
      fasting, basal and pentagastrin-stimulated conditions. Normal concentrations were
      found in type III gastric ulcer (prepyloric). There was a three- to four fold
      increased reflux concentration in the mean of patients with gastric ulcer type I
      but some patients showed normal values too. The calculated reflux rate was also
      slightly elevated. In duodenal ulcer normal concentrations could be observed with
      the exception of a slight increase under fasting conditions. In gastric carcinoma
      of the proximal half normal reflux concentrations were found. Distal gastric
      carcinoma was associated with a two- to three-fold increase of bile acids as well
      as lysolecithin concentration. The same was found concerning the reflux rate. Our
      results demonstrated a comparable low increase of duodenogastric reflux
      concentration in proximal gastric ulcer and distal gastric carcinoma. They give
      no evidence for a major role of reflux in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal
      ulcer.

PMID- 6588510
TI  - 16,16-Dimethyl prostaglandin E2 stimulates growth and maturation of rat gastric
      and small-intestinal mucosa.
AB  - In adult rats topical application of 16,16-dm PGE2 (PGE) every 8 h for three
      weeks led to a dose-dependent increase of the height of the gastric and duodenal
      mucosa, especially pronounced in the antrum (+115% with the high dose). In the
      gastric corpus this resulted from an enlargement of the lamina propria and the
      epithelial cell mass, the latter mainly from a hyperplasia of the surface and
      foveolar mucous cells. In contrast, the number of parietal cells was not
      affected. These findings were corroborated by the observation that an increase of
      antral mucosal height was also induced by a similar parenteral PGE treatment
      regimen (dosage 25 micrograms/kg). Both longterm intragastric and intraperitoneal
      PGE treatment led to an increase in DNA synthesis within the mucosa of the
      gastric antrum and corpus by 19 to 74%. In a third study 25 or 100 micrograms/kg
      of PGE applied every 8 h intragastrically to 10 suckling rats from the 7th to
      11th postnatal day resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the length of the
      villi and the disaccharidase activities (30-630%). These studies suggest that
      16,16-dm PGE2 exhibits a trophic effect on both the stomach and the small bowel.

PMID- 6588511
TI  - The gastric mucosa in portal hypertension: effects of topical bile acid.
AB  - Clinical observations suggest that patients with portal hypertension are more
      prone to erosive gastritis. To test this hypothesis we investigated gastric
      mucosa of rats with portal hypertension (produced by staged portal vein
      occlusion) and sham-operated controls before and after intragastric taurocholate.
      Portal pressure was 36 +/- 3 cm saline in portal hypertensive rats compared with
      16 +/- 2 cm in controls (P less than 0.01). Before taurocholate no macroscopic or
      histologic spontaneous mucosal damage was present, but portal hypertensive rats
      had extensive submucosal edema. Three hours after intragastric taurocholate (2
      ml, 80 mM in 0.1 N HCl), macroscopic injury comprised 13.7 +/- 1.1% of mucosal
      surface in portal hypertensive rats compared with 3.6 +/- 0.6% in controls (P
      less than 0.01) confirmed also by histologic morphometry. H+ back-diffusion was
      402 +/- 40 microEq/h in portal hypertensive rats and 217 +/- 30 microEq/h in
      controls (P less than 0.01). We conclude taurocholate induced gastric mucosal
      injury is enhanced by portal hypertension. Greater H+ back-diffusion in portal
      hypertensive rats suggests increased mucosal permeability contributed by
      submucosal edema. We confirm quantitatively in an experimental model that portal
      hypertension predisposes to gastric mucosal injury.

PMID- 6588512
TI  - The clinical assessment of duodenogastric reflux by scintigraphy and its relation
      to histological changes in gastric mucosa.
AB  - Fifty-seven patients undergoing routine or review gastroscopy had multiple
      gastric biopsies taken and assessed histologically for gastritis, metaplasia and
      dysplasia. Duodenogastric reflux was graded scintigraphically by BIDA Scanning.
      Patients with dysplastic changes in the gastric mucosa (n = 33) had a higher mean
      grade of reflux 2.1 +/- 0.21 (mean +/- SEM) than patients with no dysplasia (1.1
      +/- 0.24: P less than 0.0025). Patients with metaplasia (n = 33) had an increased
      mean grade of reflux of 2.0 +/- 0.19 compared with patients without metaplasia
      (1.3 +/- 0.29: P less than 0.05), but there was no significant difference in
      degree of reflux between patients with and without gastritis. When the grade of
      reflux was plotted against increasing degrees of mucosal abnormalities, there
      appeared to be a positive correlation between duodenogastric reflux and severity
      of mucosal change.

PMID- 6588513
TI  - Reflux gastritis and dysplasia.
AB  - In order to evaluate if duodenogastric reflux (DGR) is associated with a
      different frequency of gastric dysplasia in comparison with the absence of DGR.
      40 dyspeptic patients were studied. Nineteen of them had scintigraphic evidence
      of the DGR, while in 21 DGR was absent. The obtained results demonstrate a higher
      frequency of antral gastritis in presence of DGR, while fundic gastritis is
      similarly represented in the two studied groups. Dysplasia of the mild type is
      observed in 1 case of fundic atrophic gastritis without DGR and in 3 cases of
      atrophic gastritis with DGR (1 in fundus and 2 in antrum), thus demonstrating
      that reflux gastritis is not strictly correlated with dysplasia.

PMID- 6588514
TI  - Is bile reflux at endoscopy a significant finding?
AB  - Postprandial duodenogastric reflux (DGR) was assessed scintigraphically in 10
      patients with postprandial dyspepsia and endoscopic evidence of bile reflux (EBR)
      and in two control groups comprising seven patients with similar symptoms but
      normal endoscopic findings and 10 asymptomatic subjects without gastrointestinal
      pathology. DGR of iminodiacetic acid (IDA) after a liquid Lundh meal (250 ml) was
      assessed dynamically with 1 minute scintiscans and DGR expressed as the
      percentage of IDA secreted by the liver which appeared in the gastric region. DGR
      varied from 0-5% in asymptomatic controls and from 0-6% in dyspeptics without
      EBR. DGR in patients with EBR ranged from 0-16% but only two of 10 had values
      outside the normal range (0-5%).

PMID- 6588515
TI  - Quantitative analysis of diethyl-IDA reflux. Comparison of controls and
      dyspeptic, gastric ulcerated, and gastrectomized patients.
AB  - The administration of a radioactive tracer through the liver cell and the
      elimination of bile following an induced vesicular contraction permits
      duodenogastric reflux to be objectively diagnosed without intubation. This
      quantitative study of the reflux using 99mTC diethyl-IDA is based on 214 patients
      and demonstrates: 1) a frequent association with the gastric ulcer, 2) a
      considerable frequency in gastric resection surgery with duodenogastric
      anastomosis, 3) a constant occurrence in gastric resection surgery using
      jejunogastric anastomosis. These findings point to the involvement of
      biliopancreatic reflux in the genesis of gastric ulcer as well as gastritis and
      carcinoma of the gastric stump.

PMID- 6588516
TI  - The different outcome of duodenal and pyloric channel ulcers after proximal
      gastric vagotomy. Clinical and morphological results.
AB  - Pyloric channel ulcers have a significantly higher recurrence rate than duodenal
      ulcers after proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV) without drainage. The failure of PGV
      cannot be explained by the pre- and postoperative secretory pattern of pyloric
      (PU) and prepyloric (PPU) ulcers. The morphological assessment of the pyloric and
      antral wall in DU, PU and PPU shows a significant thickening of the muscular
      layer in PU and PPU compared with DU. Histologically there is a muscular
      hypertrophy combined with muscular and ganglionic cell damage and fibrosis. The
      observed antropyloric dystrophy might be one factor for explaining the failure of
      PGV alone in pyloric channel ulcers. Addition of a drainage procedure for PU or
      even of a limited antrectomy for PPU might improve the postoperative results and
      must be discussed when planning surgical treatment of pyloric channel ulcers
      which seem to characterise as a distinct entity of peptic ulcer disease.

PMID- 6588517
TI  - The histology of the gastric mucosa after different types of vagotomy.
AB  - Mucosal changes that follow vagotomy may have many causes, including stasis,
      reflux of small bowel content and the effect of denervation. The effect of stasis
      was studied using truncal vagotomy without drainage. The main histological
      feature of stasis when there was clinical evidence of stasis, was superficial
      ulceration limited mainly to the pyloric antrum. Some chronic gastritis did occur
      in relation to the areas of ulceration. The effect of reflux was studied using a
      pyloroplasty without vagotomy. Scattered areas of chronic gastritis usually
      occurred, again limited mainly to the antrum. The addition of truncal vagotomy
      did not appear to influence the gastritis. The procedure of anterior highly
      selective vagotomy was used to examine the effect of denervation without
      associated reflux or stasis. A characteristic appearance of chief cells has been
      described, termed the "disappearing chief cell phenomenon" (DCP). Although the
      DCP occurs in normal mucosa, it may possibly increase after highly selective
      vagotomy, and represent changes due to the actual denervation of chief cells.
      After the procedure of anterior highly selective and posterior truncal vagotomy,
      the mucosa showed no obvious signs either of stasis or of reflux, although the
      DCP was present. This observation lends support to the view that such a procedure
      could safely be used in clinical practice. It is less time consuming than
      bilateral highly selective vagotomy, and does not lead to extensive
      devascularisation of the lesser curvature.

PMID- 6588518
TI  - Bile reflux after duodenal ulcer surgery. A study of 114 asymptomatic and
      symptomatic patients.
AB  - The hypothesis has been examined that the quantity of enteral contents refluxing
      into the stomach affects the severity of symptoms after peptic ulcer surgery.
      99mTc HIDA scintigraphy was used to investigate the incidence and quantity of
      reflux in 20 normal subjects, in 94 symptomatic or asymptomatic patients after
      traditional operations for duodenal ulcer, and after revision of surgery for bile
      reflux gastritis. The percentage of the injected dose of 99mTc HIDA (PID) counted
      in the stomach area was used as an index of the quantity of refluxed bile. After
      duodenal ulcer surgery, symptomatic patients had a PID (6.2%) not significantly
      different (4.5%) from that of asymptomatic patients but higher than (2.1%) that
      of normals (p less than 0.05). After operations for reflux gastritis, 10 symptom
      free patients had no reflux, whereas 3 of 8 patients who remained symptomatic and
      had a short Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy, had persistent reflux.

PMID- 6588519
TI  - Late results of jejunal interposition.
AB  - In 62 patients the late results of isoperistaltic jejunal interposition in
      reconstructive ulcer surgery are analyzed 1.5 to 9.5 years postoperatively (mean
      3.1 years); a follow up was possible in 58 patients. 38 (65.5%) had a Visick I or
      II result; 16 (28%) a fair result (Visick III) and 4 a poor result (Visick IV).
      12 of the 58 followed up patients developed a jejunal stomal ulceration in the
      mean time. These ulcerations were mostly (60%) asymptomatic, superficial and
      nonbleeding. The histology of the gastric remnant remained unchanged in the most
      patients and didn't show any benefit of bile diverting operation. The gastric
      acidity was high especially in the stomal ulcer patients, the gastric output was
      low. Only 64% of the patients with jejunal interposition showed a gastric
      bacterial overgrowth compared to 92% resp. 84% in the Billroth resection groups.
      The incidence of stomal ulceration (20.6%) is the result of the high unbuffered
      acid of the gastric remnant. Similar reports are found in the literature. Even an
      additional vagotomy doesn't prevent the ulcer formation sufficiently in every
      case. In conclusion reflux-preventive jejunal interposition is shown to be
      heavily ulcer-prone, it should be used in reconstructive ulcer surgery very
      carefully only with short (15 cm) segments and additional vagotomy.

PMID- 6588520
TI  - The influence of enterogastric reflux on gastric juice bacterial growth, nitrite,
      and N-nitroso compound concentrations following gastric surgery.
AB  - Detailed analyses were carried out in 207 fasting gastric juice samples obtained
      at endoscopy or with a nasogastric tube from 50 patients with partial
      gastrectomy, 43 with vagotomy, 20 with gastric carcinoma and 50 controls.
      Significantly higher mean pH, nitrite and N-nitroso compound (N-NO)
      concentrations and nitrate-reducing bacterial cultures were noted following
      partial gastrectomy compared with normal controls and comparable to findings in
      gastric cancer. A highly significant relationship (p less than 10(-6)) was also
      demonstrated between pH and N-NO concentrations, highest levels of which were
      seen following Billroth II gastrectomy, significantly higher (p = 0.02) than
      Billroth I, whereas the only change observed following proximal gastric vagotomy
      was a nearly threefold rise in N-NO compared with normal controls. However,
      vagotomy and pyloroplasty produced gastric juice changes comparable to those seen
      with gastrectomy and gastric carcinoma. Thus, the most marked changes were
      observed following surgical procedures involving increased enterogastric reflux
      and these findings lend further support to the possible involvement of N-nitroso
      compounds in the development of gastric cancer following both Billroth I and II
      gastrectomy and vagotomy with pyloroplasty.

PMID- 6588521
TI  - When is a corrective procedure indicated for the operated stomach?
AB  - Disease occurring as a direct consequence of the surgical treatment of ulcers is
      not infrequently an indication for remedial surgical intervention. Most
      frequently it is necessary, on the one hand, to refer to objective information
      such as the histological findings as well as a gastric function analysis, and, on
      the other hand, to the clinical picture of the illness. Therefore, we have
      attempted to summarize the symptoms, the morphology, and the function into a
      synopsis, which would make it possible t match the severity of gastric disease
      with a particular mode of therapy. The sum of the three parameters provides a
      point value between three and twelve. It is our belief that surgical intervention
      is to be seriously considered above a point score of seven (SFM-Index).

PMID- 6588522
TI  - Effect of intraesophageal bile and acid (HCl) perfusion on the action of the
      lower esophageal sphincter.
AB  - We examined the effect of acid and bile on the lower esophageal high pressure
      zone (LEHPZ) in a combined manometric, pH testing and morphologic study in 12
      cats. LEHPZ pressures and swallowing waves (SW) were simultaneously recorded
      before, during and after perfusion of the esophagus with control fluid, acid (0.1
      n HCl) natural bile and a mixture of acid and bile. Endoscopy was performed and
      biopsies taken before and after the experiments. Bile caused a rise of LEHPZ and
      SW pressure and mild esophagitis. Acid and bile acid mixture produced a marked
      progressive decline of LEHPZ and SW pressure (p less than 0.001), incomplete
      relaxation and severe discoordination of esophageal motility. Continuous pH
      measurements showed diminished or no clearance and reflux. All acid perfused cats
      developed necrotic esophagitis and strictures within 4 weeks. LEHPZ pressures
      returned to almost normal values after this recovering period but peristalsis was
      still completely discoordinated. Swallowing waves were of exaggerated magnitude
      and length. From our findings it is evident that bile and acid change LEHPZ
      competence. Bile and acid seem to have a different effect on motor function of
      the LEHPZ and esophageal peristalsis.

PMID- 6588523
TI  - The effect of cholecystectomy on duodenogastric reflux in dogs and humans.
AB  - A prospective study of the effect of cholecystectomy on duodenogastric reflux
      (DGR) in dogs and humans has been performed and compared with patients presenting
      with persisting symptoms following cholecystectomy several years earlier. After
      an intravenous injection of 99mTc EHIDA, assessment of DGR was made by measuring
      Bilirubin Output and the percentage of 99mTc EHIDA recovered in gastric juice
      over fifteen minute periods. Cholecystectomy resulted in a significant increase
      in both amount and frequency of DGR in dogs and patients. Patients with
      persisting symptoms following cholecystectomy showed the greatest amount and
      frequency of DGR. We suggest that increased DGR may be an aetiological factor in
      some patients with persisting symptoms following cholecystectomy.

PMID- 6588524
TI  - Alkaline reflux esophagitis in gastroresected patients. Objective detection with
      a simple isotope method.
AB  - The incidence and severity of alkaline reflux esophagitis occurring in 1129
      gastroresected patients were evaluated. As far as the incidence of esophagitis
      are concerned, no significant difference was found after Billroth I or Billroth
      II type resection. Severe esophagitis developed in 62.6 per cent of patients with
      total gastrectomy, but never occurred when a long limb Roux-en-Y anastomosis was
      also performed. The majority of esophagitis was recognized within the first year
      after resection, so it might be supposed that not only operative procedure itself
      but the postoperative care period might be responsible for the development of
      esophagitis. It can be avoided and treated by Roux-en-Y anastomosis. Scintigraphy
      is a simple rapid method in the detection of gastroesophageal reflux, thus
      patients can be selected by it for further invasive investigation.

PMID- 6588525
TI  - Does duodenogastric reflux affect the rate of gastric emptying?
AB  - The gastric emptying of a liquid meal (10% dextrose solution) and a semi-solid
      meal (minced meat, peas, potatoes and milk) was measured in the sitting position;
      both meals were 400 ml. Duodenogastric reflux was assessed supine after
      intravenous injection of 75 MBq of 99 mTc HIDA and cholecystokinin. Patients were
      ajudged reflux positive (R+), or reflux negative (R-) by looking at gamma camera
      pictures. Thirty-two duodenal ulcer patients (DU), 22 patients after truncal
      vagotomy and pyloroplasty (TV+P) and 21 after proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV)
      were studied. In DU sufferers the mean volume of early liquid emptying in R+
      patients (74 ml) was similar to R- patients (78 ml). After TV+P early liquid
      emptying was greatly increased (mean 176 ml) but no difference was found between
      R+ and R- patients. After PGV excessive early emptying was less common but
      emptying was significantly greater in R+ patients (R+ mean = 132 ml, SD = 48 n =
      8; R- mean = 63 ml, SD = 21, N = 13: t = 4.2 p less than 0.001). There was no
      difference in solid meal emptying between R+ and R- patients in any group.

PMID- 6588526
TI  - Prostaglandins in peptic ulcer disease: effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
      compounds (NOSAC).
AB  - This study shows that human fundic mucosa generates various PGs, particularly
      PGE2, and thromboxanes and this generation appears to be significantly lower in
      gastric ulcer than in duodenal ulcer patients or normal subjects. Non-steroidal
      antiinflammatory compounds (NOSAC), such as aspirin and indomethacin, greatly
      reduce the PG biosynthesis and cause mucosal damage including mucosal erosions
      and haemorrhages observed at endoscopy, increased gastric microbleeding and DNA
      loss. In contrast, carprofen, a novel NOSAC with good antiinflammatory properties
      and gastric tolerance, failed to affect mucosal generation of PGs and did not
      influence gastric mucosal integrity. This study indicates that the deficiency of
      endogenous PGs may play a role in the pathogenesis ulcer and that the degree of
      gastric mucosal damage by NOSAC is closely related to the alteration in the
      capability of the mucosa to generate PGs.

PMID- 6588527
TI  - The effect of cholecystectomy on duodenogastric reflux in patients with previous
      peptic ulcer surgery.
AB  - Duodenogastric reflux (DGR) has been assessed in healthy volunteers, patients
      after vagotomy and pyloroplasty, and in patients following vagotomy and
      pyloroplasty in addition to cholecystectomy. DGR has been assessed using
      bilirubin output and 99mTc EHIDA recovered in gastric juice. The control group
      demonstrated reflux but the quantity was small. Symptomatic patients after
      truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty (V + P) showed a significant increase in DGR (P
      less than 0.002) when compared with the control group but the greatest reflux was
      seen in symptomatic patients following truncal vagotomy + pyloroplasty +
      cholecystectomy (P less than 0.002). AS with pyloric preservation showed no
      significant increase in reflux but the addition of cholecystectomy increased both
      frequency (P less than 0.001) and amount of reflux (P less than 0.001). We
      suggest that cholecystectomy when combined with a pylorus preserving or
      destroying procedure increases DGR and that such increased reflux may be an
      important factor in gastritis following peptic ulcer surgery.

PMID- 6588528
TI  - The use of an instillation test to define alkaline reflux gastritis.
AB  - Alkaline reflux gastritis following gastric surgery is an ill-defined syndrome
      characterised by epigastric pain, bile vomiting and weight loss. Endoscopy and
      gastric histology do not confirm the diagnosis. It appears that duodenal contents
      refluxing into the stomach are the cause of this entity. In an effort to quantify
      this attempts have been made to quantitate the reflux. Techniques include
      measuring bile acids in fasting gastric aspirates and, more recently, Tc HIDA
      scanning. Tolin et al showed a good correlation between the enterogastric reflux
      index and patients with symptoms of alkaline reflux gastritis. Recent work has
      suggested that HIDA reflux is difficult to quantitate. Recently Meshkinpour et al
      induced the symptoms of alkaline reflux gastritis by infusing endogenous duodenal
      juice onto the gastric mucosa. This paper confirms those findings and uses the
      technique to improve patient selection for Roux-en-Y diversion.

PMID- 6588529
TI  - The pharmacokinetics of 99mTc HIDA in man and its relationship to intra-gastric
      bile acids.
AB  - We have examined the pharmacokinetics of 99mTc diethyl HIDA in five patients with
      a T-tube inserted into their common bile duct after choledocotomy. Blood
      clearance was rapid with 27.5% of the injected dose in the circulation at 2.5 min
      and 5% at 30 min. The peak bile excretion of 15.4% occurred between 45 and 60 min
      after injection of the HIDA. By 2 h 69% of the dose was excreted in the bile and
      14% in the urine. In a second group of 33 patients a naso-gastric tube was passed
      after injection of HIDA. The patients drank 400 ml of 10% dextrose and aliquots
      of the stomach contents were aspirated every 10 min for an hour. In specimens
      with a pH greater than 4, the amount of HIDA correlated well (p less than 0.01)
      with the amount of bile acid determined by an enzymatic method.

PMID- 6588530
TI  - Sensitivity and reproducibility of a bile reflux test using 99mTc HIDA.
AB  - We have studied the sensitivity and reproducibility of entero-gastric bile reflux
      measurements using a gamma camera. Aspiration of the stomach at the end of the
      study in a group of 14 patients showed that less than 1% of the administered HIDA
      was present in 7 patients who were judged reflux negative. In all 7 patients
      considered reflux positive, there was more than 1% of the dose in the stomach
      (median 8.2%, p less than 0.01 Mann-Whitney). The second group of 20 patients was
      studied twice in the same week with a 48 h interval between the tests. The
      results were reproduced in 15 patients (75%). Finally, the gamma camera technique
      was compared with nasogastric aspiration on a separate occasion. There was
      agreement in 16 patients out of 19(84%). These results suggest that the test is
      sensitive, and the lack of reproducibility is compatible with day to day
      variation in entero-gastric reflux.

PMID- 6588531
TI  - Quantitation and the elimination of errors in bile reflux tests using a gamma
      camera.
AB  - Entero-gastric reflux may be assessed quantitatively using 99mTc HIDA and a gamma
      camera. We have devised a computer program which applies corrections for several
      sources of error. The technique was validated using naso-gastric aspiration and
      phantom experiments. In 23 patient studies, 13 patients considered not to show
      reflux by visual assessment had a mean percentage injected dose (PID) in the
      stomach of 1.9% before correction and less than 1% after correction. The 10
      patients with reflux showed a fall of PID from 5.8% to 1.7% as a result of the
      correction. In 14 patients the mean PID in the stomach after computer correction
      (3%) was not significantly different from that (3.5%) measured by aspiration.
      Computer correction of bile reflux data is essential when attempting to quantify
      the amount of entero-gastric reflux using a gamma camera.

PMID- 6588532
TI  - The problems associated with scintigraphic assessment of duodenogastric reflux.
AB  - Imaging with 99mTc-IDA derivatives is a recognised technique for assessing
      duodenogastric reflux. A study of 150 consecutive scans has revealed a number of
      limitations in its use. Anatomical definition of the stomach on static imaging
      and computed data analysis of reflux, were often complicated by overlap by the
      left lobe of the liver and the duodenal-jejunal flexure. Delineation of the
      antrum was poor, and as it is so close to the duodenal cap and hepato-biliary
      activity, transient small volumes of reflux may not have been detectable.
      Quantification of massive reflux was easily reproducible but computer analysis of
      small volumes of transient reflux was often uninterpretable. A proposed clinical
      grading of reflux takes into account the intensity, extent and duration of
      reflux, and can be matched with other clinico-pathological features.

PMID- 6588533
TI  - Human antroduodenal motility, pyloric closure, and domperidone.
AB  - The action of the peripheral dopamine antagonist, domperidone, on human
      antroduodenal coordination, has been studied in a double-blind study. Thirty
      dyspeptic patients without antroduodenal pathology were studied at upper
      alimentary endoscopy, being studied for two 10-minute periods before and after
      receiving intravenous domperidone (20 mg) or placebo. Antral and proximal
      duodenal contractions were recorded with Fogarty balloon catheters and pyloric
      closure recorded as the fall in impedance measured across four small electrodes
      maintained at the pylorus. Domperidone significantly increased the number of
      antral contractions. When spontaneous duodenal activity was present, domperidone
      reduced the number of isolated duodenal contractions (no preceding antral
      contractions within 10 seconds) without detectably altering the behaviour of the
      pylorus.

PMID- 6588534
TI  - Does gastric entubation cause entero-gastric reflux?
AB  - Using 99mTc diethyl HIDA, we have examined patients with duodenal and gastric
      ulceration for the effect of naso-gastric intubation on bile reflux. Fourteen
      patients with duodenal ulceration were studied supine under a gamma camera.
      Activity from the stomach area showed no significant change before and after naso
      gastric intubation (Mann-Whitney U = 0.18). Nineteen patients with gastric
      ulceration were investigated for bile reflux using two techniques. One method
      used the gamma camera but without naso-gastric intubation. The other method
      involved passing a naso-gastric tube and aspirating aliquots of a liquid meal
      which were analysed for 99mTc HIDA content. The incidence of bile reflux in
      patients with gastric ulceration was the same when the results of the two methods
      were compared. We conclude that investigation of groups of patients for duodeno
      gastric reflux by naso-gastric aspiration of gastric contents is a valid
      technique.

PMID- 6588535
TI  - Studies of the pH gradient across gastric mucus.
AB  - We studied the possibility that gastric mucosa protects itself from luminal acid
      by maintaining a neutral zone adjacent to the mucosa. In the anaesthetised rat
      pedicles of gastric fundus mucosa with an intact mucus layer were studied. Using
      pH sensitive antimony chloride microelectrodes, we demonstrated a maximal pH
      adjacent to the mucosa of 6.68 when luminal pH was 2 (n = 30). The intramucus pH
      was compromised when luminal acidity was greater than pH 1.5. Addition of 10 mM
      aspirin or 5% N-acetyl cysteine to the luminal solution also caused a fall in
      intramucus pH. Sodium taurocholate (10 mM) caused a physical change in the
      appearance of the mucus which became brittle and fragmented. The pH within the
      mucus layer fell as a result of this fragmentation. 16, 16 dimethyl prostaglandin
      E2 prevented the fall in intramucus pH produced by 20 mM aspirin. Similar results
      were obtained in specimens of human gastric mucosa removed at gastrectomy. These
      observations suggest that an alkaline zone is maintained within the mucus layer
      adjacent to the gastric epithelium which may have an important protective role.

PMID- 6588536
TI  - HCO3- secretion and surface pH gradient in rat duodenum exposed to luminal acid.
AB  - A pH gradient is maintained at the surface of rat duodenum exposed to luminal
      acid. The alkalinity and thickness of this gradient are dependent on the rate of
      surface epithelial HCO3- secretion (transport into the lumen). Acidification of
      the luminal solution stimulates HCO3- secretion and enhances the alkalinity at
      the mucosal surface by a mechanism dependent on endogenous prostaglandin
      synthesis. This stimulated HCO3- secretion is quantitatively sufficient to
      maintain neutrality at the epithelial surface of the mucosa even in the presence
      of as high luminal acidity as pH 2.0, which is the maximal 'physiologic' acidity
      within human duodenal bulb. Exogenous prostaglandin E2 increases HCO3- secretion
      as well as the dimensions of the pH gradient, which may, in part, account for its
      cytoprotective actions in gastroduodenal mucosa. The findings suggest that
      epithelial HCO3- secretion in the duodenal mucosa has a protective function by
      forming an unstirred alkaline layer at the mucosal surface which impedes the
      diffusion of luminal acid into the mucosa.

PMID- 6588537
TI  - Alkali secretion by isolated rabbit gastric mucosa: effects of non-steroidal anti
      inflammatory drugs and prostaglandins.
AB  - The effects of aspirin, indomethacin and prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha on the
      secretory and electrical activity of isolated rabbit gastric mucosa have been
      studied. Serosal side application of indomethacin (10(-5) M) or aspirin (3 X 10(
      3) M) inhibited alkali secretion by fundic mucosa (mean +/- SE: 0.55 +/- 0.06 to
      0.12 +/- 0.06 mumol X cm-2 X h-1, n = 6, p less than 0.01 and 0.28 +/- 0.06 to
      0.11 +/- 0.03 mumol X cm-2 X h-1, n = 7, p less than 0.02 respectively) and
      antral mucosa (0.80 +/- 0.03 to 0.53 +/- 0.21 mumol X cm-2 X h-1, n = 5, p less
      than 0.01 and 0.75 +/- 0.23 to 0.47 +/- 0.20 mumol X cm-2 X h-1, n = 8, p less
      than 0.01 respectively). Mucosal and serosal side application of prostaglandin E2
      or F2 alpha (10(-10) to 10(-4) M) had no effect on gastric alkali secretion.
      Serosal side 16,16 dimethyl E2 (10(-6) M) stimulated alkali secretion by fundic
      mucosa (0.90 +/- 0.20 to 1.50 +/- 0.30 mumol X cm-2 X h-1, n = 6, p less than
      0.01) and abolished the inhibition of alkali production caused by indomethacin in
      fundic and antral mucosae. Inhibition of alkali secretion by aspirin was not
      modified by 16,16 dimethyl E2 pretreatment. The findings suggest that mucosal
      damage by aspirin and indomethacin may be mediated by inhibition of alkali
      secretion and that the protective action of various prostaglandins are only
      partly related to effects on this secretion.

PMID- 6588538
TI  - Modifications of the gastric mucosal barrier induced by experimental
      duodenogastric reflux: an electron microscopy study.
AB  - The present study was undertaken to examine the ultrastructure of antral foveolar
      epithelium of dogs submitted to long term duodenogastric reflux. Minimal
      ultrastructural alterations (swelling of the cellular organelles, shortening of
      the microvilli, irregularity of the secretory granules) were observed. Total
      necrosis of isolated cells was rare. The lesions appeared in all dogs including
      the controls, and were not always reversed by the elimination of reflux. The
      significance of these findings is not clear and is probably not dependent on
      continuous exposure to duodenogastric reflux.

PMID- 6588539
TI  - A long-term study of different types of experimental alkaline reflux and the
      effects of its suppression in dogs.
AB  - The gastric mucosa of 19 mongrel dogs was submitted to a bilio-pancreatic,
      isolated biliary or isolated pancreatic reflux. With an isolated biliary reflux,
      there is a more rapid and more severe hyperaemia and foveolar hyperplasia of the
      mucosa of the fundus than with an isolated pancreatic reflux. There was no
      significant change in the basal serum level of gastrin with any of these
      different types of alkaline reflux, but we observed a statistically significant
      increase in the level of histamine in the gastric mucosa. Hyperaemia and foveolar
      hyperplasia of the fundic mucosa both disappeared when the alkaline reflux was
      suppressed, and there was a statistically significant decrease in the basal serum
      level of gastrin and in the level of histamine in the gastric mucosa.

PMID- 6588540
TI  - Cell-kinetic investigations in the operated rat stomach to show the influence of
      duodenogastric reflux. An experimental long-term study.
AB  - In has been proven in our own studies that the frequency of carcinoma is closely
      correlated with the varying intensity of duodenogastric reflux occurring as a
      result of surgery. Now it was our objective to provide information regarding the
      changes in cell proliferation kinetics in support of the already established
      relation, toward which end we conducted an additional autoradiographic study on
      the gastric mucosa of the same operated animals. Five different operative
      procedures were performed on the stomachs of 265 female Wistar rats. 3H-Thymidine
      was used for labeling. Comparison of the labeling rates with the type of
      operative procedure used revealed an average labeling value typical for each
      particular procedure. It became evident that increased reflux quite obviously
      leads to an increase in cell proliferation.

PMID- 6588541
TI  - Studies on the protective effect of deglycyrrhinised liquorice against aspirin
      (ASA) and ASA plus bile acid-induced gastric mucosal damage, and ASA absorption
      in rats.
AB  - By per-oral intubation of the stomach, four groups of rats (n = 22) received ASA
      64 mg/kg, alone or with taurodeoxycholic acid (TDC, 5 mM), DGL (2000 mg/kg) or
      TDC plus DGL. At four hours the severity of bleeding was assessed by a lesion
      scoring system and expressed as medians and quartiles. In a separate study two
      groups of rats (n = 7) received ASA (128 mg/kg) or ASA plus DGL (2000 mg/kg) and
      salicylate levels measured in serial tail blood samples at 20, 40, 60 and 80
      minutes. Lesion scores were increased from 6(3;10) with ASA alone to 12(5;16) by
      TDC (p less than 0.05) and reduced by DGL to 1(0;3.5) for ASA alone and 3.5(0;6)
      for ASA plus TDC (p less than 0.0005 in both cases). In the second study a slight
      reduction of ASA absorption was found only at 20 minutes with a median level of
      0.9 mmol/l for the DGL treated rats and 1.2 mmol/l for the ASA alone group (p
      less than 0.05). No differences were found at the other times. We have also
      demonstrated that although DGL diminished ASA (128 mg/kg)-induced gastric mucosal
      damage from 17(12;25) to 8(3;14) (p less than 0.005) when the two were given
      together it did not do so significantly when DGL was given before ASA--15(20;22).
      Intraperitoneal DGL reduced lesion scores from ASA (128 mg/kg) from 14(11;24) to
      7(1;19) (p less than 0.03), thus indicating a systemic as well as a local effect
      of the drug.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6588542
TI  - Ultrastructural morphometric studies on regeneration of the lateral sural
      cutaneous nerve in the white rat after transection of the sciatic nerve.
AB  - The lateral sural cutaneous nerves of 49 Sprague-Dawley rats 7-76 weeks of age
      were examined morphometrically in single transverse sections using electron
      microscopy. The following variables were estimated: the relative proportions of
      collagen-occupied and collagen-free areas of the extracellular compartment of the
      endoneurial space, the number and the diameters of axons, the number of myelin
      lamellae, and the number of different kinds of cell nuclei. The nerve contained
      on the average 2600 axons of which about 2200 (85%) were unmyelinated. The
      different variables were computed with regard to the animal-to-animal, side-to
      side, and age variations. From these data normal reference diagrams based on the
      95% prediction intervals for individual observations were constructed. Animal-to
      animal and side-to-side variations were of about the same magnitude except in
      cases where the variation was age-dependent. Prediction intervals for individual
      observations that were +/- 50-70% of the mean value were found for the numbers of
      different types of Schwann cell nuclei. The intervals for the number and mean
      diameters of unmyelinated axons and myelinated fibres was +/- 20-30%. The g-value
      showed the narrowest interval +/- 10%. Age-related variation was found for the
      transverse section area of the nerve, axon diameters, and the number of myelin
      sheath lamellae. The application of normal values as a reference system to
      experimental data is discussed.

PMID- 6588543
TI  - On the pathogenesis of coarctational hypertension.

PMID- 6588544
TI  - [Ambulatory evaluation of patients with suspected coronary heart disease].
AB  - With the introduction of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with thallium-201, and
      of radionuclide angiocardiography, patients with suspected coronary artery
      disease can be evaluated on an out-patient basis. Indications, diagnostic value
      and limitations of these non-invasive diagnostic procedures are discussed and
      compared with other non-invasive methods in cardiology. Based on long experience,
      a new plan for diagnostic workup of patients with suspected coronary artery
      disease is presented as a guideline for daily practice in optimizing the use of
      the various non-invasive and invasive procedures.

PMID- 6588545
TI  - [Invasive diagnosis of coronary heart disease: recent developments in coronary
      angiography].
AB  - Coronary angiography as a diagnostic procedure has been increasingly perfected
      over the last 25 years. Technical and pharmacological developments have revealed
      several new aspects of coronary angiography. The optical and spatial resolution
      of coronary lesions has been enhanced by improvement of X-ray equipment and the
      introduction of biplane isocentric coronary angiography with hemiaxial views.
      Functional diagnosis of coronary arteries has been improved by the introduction
      of selective pharmacological methods, especially in the search for coronary
      spasms. The latest development is the introduction of coronary angiography as a
      therapeutic procedure for intracoronary thrombolysis in evolving myocardial
      infarction and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

PMID- 6588546
TI  - [Treatment of acute coronary heart disease in medical practice].
AB  - Despite the recent advances in cardiac intensive care, which have reduced
      hospital mortality for acute myocardial infarction to below 15%, a substantial
      decline in overall mortality from myocardial infarction has not been achieved by
      these therapeutic measures. More effective management of patients with advanced
      coronary heart disease would include better detection of high risk subgroups,
      especially of patients with unstable angina, better treatment with rapid
      adjustment of doses and combination of anti-anginal drugs, and better
      organisation of medical care in order to reduce hospitalisation delay in patients
      with impending or suspected myocardial infarction and avoid unnecessary hospital
      admissions in those with effort angina responsive to medical treatment. We
      propose a treatment scheme for unstable angina which, for out-patients with
      recent onset or crescendo angina on effort, is based on betablockers combined
      with calcium channel blockers and long-acting nitrates as second and third step
      respectively. In every case an anti-platelet aggregating agent should be added.
      If medical treatment fails to abolish the ischemic symptoms within days, surgical
      treatment should be considered.

PMID- 6588547
TI  - [Medical aspects of the treatment of acute coronary disease].
AB  - Progress in the drug therapy of arrhythmias and congestive heart failure
      following acute coronary heart disease and attempted infarct size reduction are
      discussed. A schedule of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is proposed.
      Corresponding to present knowledge of the pathophysiology of "unstable angina
      pectoris" drug therapy can be more specifically administered in this form of
      acute coronary heart disease.

PMID- 6588548
TI  - [Echography in the surveillance of myocardial infarction during the acute phase].
AB  - An attempt is made to determine feasibility and capabilities of two-dimensional
      echocardiography (2DE) during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Seventy-four
      consecutive patients with AMI (22 anterior, 29 inferior, 4 lateral, 5 non
      transmural) underwent 2DE; in sixty cases, suitable examination was available.
      Regional wall motion abnormalities were studied by 2 methods, i.e. qualitative in
      all patients and quantitative in 32 patients. Akinesis or dyskinesis occurred in
      57 cases (21/22 in anterior, 4/4 in lateral, 29/29 in inferior, 3/5 in non
      transmural AMI) and was observed very early (within the first 24 hours after
      onset of chest pain). Intraventricular clots were observed in 8 patients (in 7
      patients during anterior or lateral AMI) without peripheral embolization. In
      conclusion, 2DE is a suitable method for evaluation of AMI, especially in early
      thrombi detection and qualitative wall motion analysis. Evolution of quantitative
      wall excursion is still under investigation but will be highly attractive, more
      easily repeatable at the bedside and cheaper than nuclear angiography.

PMID- 6588549
TI  - [Incidence and extent of right ventricular functional disorders following the 1st
      myocardial infarction].
AB  - A series of 63 patients were studied by gated radionuclide angiocardiography 51/2
      weeks after their first acute myocardial infarction. Left (LVEF) and right (RVEF)
      ventricular ejection fraction were assessed in three groups of patients: 12
      patients with transmural anterior infarctions, 35 patients with transmural
      inferior infarctions and 16 patients with non-transmural infarctions. LVEF was
      depressed only in the group of patients with anterior infarctions (34.4 +/-
      16.3%) but remained within normal limits in the other two groups. RVEF was
      reduced in 64% of patients with inferior infarctions; the mean value in this
      group was 36.3 +/- 10.2% (normal range 48 +/- 8%, p less than 0.02). In the other
      two groups RVEF was only rarely reduced and the mean values were within normal
      limits. Regional wall motion abnormalities ( WMA ) were found in 47% of all
      patients, those localised in the left ventricle matching ECG localisation of
      necrosis in 86% of cases. Only patients with infarctions of the inferior left
      ventricular wall were found to have WMA in the right ventricle. Functional signs
      of ischemia (decrease of RVEF or LVEF during physical exercise) were found in 34%
      of patients with transmural infarctions and 57% of patients with non-transmural
      infarctions. Radionuclide angiocardiography showed itself a valuable method for
      assessing persistent dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction not only of
      the left but also of the right ventricle, a phenomenon not easily detected
      clinically.

PMID- 6588550
TI  - [Evaluation of left ventricular function and regional kinetics following
      myocardial infarction. Comparative study of angiocardiography, echography and
      radionuclide angiography].
AB  - Left ventricular function and regional wall motion were studied three weeks after
      a myocardial infarction in 25 patients who had undergone L.V. monoplane
      cineangiography. The patients were studied by echocardiography (TM and 2D) and
      radionuclide angiography. Evaluation of global ejection fraction provides
      evidence of a close correlation between left ventricular angiography and
      radionuclide examination (r= 0.79). Measurement of ejection fraction by
      echocardiography (TM) remains clearly correlated with the same evaluation by
      angiography (r = 0.68). The correlations are markedly increased in the patients
      without significant wall motion defects (r = 0.87 for radionuclide angiography
      and r = 0.82 for echographic measurement). Sensitivity in the detection of L.V.
      aneurysms is excellent with our method of radionuclide examination (12/13) and
      can be compared with angiography (12/13). Two-dimensional echocardiography
      performed on a routine basis is less sensitive than radionuclide angiography in
      this diagnosis (4/13).

PMID- 6588551
TI  - [Prognostic significance of the QT-interval following myocardial infarction].
AB  - The prognostic value of QT prolongation was evaluated in 109 patients with
      myocardial infarction. Patients who suffered from reinfarction during the first
      month or developed ventricular fibrillation and sudden death did not have longer
      QT intervals than patients without these complications. On the other hand, QT
      prolongation was of prognostic value in the prediction of late reinfarction. The
      reasons for varying results from different investigators are discussed.

PMID- 6588552
TI  - [Epidemiology of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Switzerland].
AB  - Before starting the health education program of the National Research Program 1A
      "Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in Switzerland", a baseline
      assessment in a stratified random sample in Aarau, Solothurn , Nyon and Vevey was
      performed (1977/1978). Results show the magnitude of the preventive task. 50% of
      young women and men smoke, 12% of the population has high blood pressure. Only
      25% of all hypertensives are well controlled. 14% of the population have elevated
      serum cholesterol values and 50% are physically inactive after age 30. Finally,
      15.5% of those investigated show type A behaviour pattern.

PMID- 6588553
TI  - [Possibilities and limits of ambulatory coronary groups].
AB  - Physical exercise has become more and more popular as a treatment method in
      outpatients with coronary artery disease. The number of outpatient groups in the
      Federal Republic of Germany grew from 80 to 424 groups between 1978 and 1982.
      Exercise may have a favourable effect on various cardiovascular risk factors
      because it reduces bodyweight, blood pressure, LDL and VDL cholesterol and raises
      HDL cholesterol. It also improves work tolerance by raising the double product of
      heart rate and blood pressure at comparable workloads, as well as stroke volume
      and arteriovenous oxygen difference; the result is reduced myocardial oxygen
      demand. The favourable effect of exercise on the prognosis of patients after
      myocardial infarction has thus far only been demonstrated in one randomized study
      (14). That this has not been possible in other studies is mainly due to
      methodological problems such as sample size, drop-out, drop-in, and others.
      Nevertheless, it may be concluded that correctly conducted physical training in
      carefully selected patients with coronary artery disease improves cardiovascular
      function, quality of life and possibly even prognosis.

PMID- 6588554
TI  - [The significance of improved angiocardiography systems in the quantitative
      assessment of proximal coronary stenosis. Comparison of angiographic and
      hemodynamic measurements in vivo].
AB  - The use of high resolution X-ray techniques for biplane coronary angiography can
      improve the quantitative assessment of coronary stenoses when perpendicular
      projections in both views can be achieved. Angiograms thus obtained of coronary
      stenoses before (n = 17) and after (n = 14) coronary dilatation were evaluated
      for mean and minimal stenosis diameters of two planes and for percent narrowing
      of stenoses (caliper measurements). Comparisons with transstenotic pressure
      gradients showed significant or highly significant correlations for all
      dimensional parameters. It is concluded that quantitative angiographic analysis
      of coronary stenoses yields highly reliable results of hemodynamic relevance. In
      addition, a mean diameter of less than 1.6 mm could be identified as indicating
      hemodynamically significant stenosis.

PMID- 6588555
TI  - [Horseshoe sandwich osteotomy of the edentulous maxilla with simultaneous
      submucosal vestibuloplasty. A method for the advancement and deepening of the
      edentulous maxillary alveolar process with simultaneous elevation of the palatal
      arch].

PMID- 6588556
TI  - [Changes in tooth morphology as affected by fluoridated drinking water].

PMID- 6588557
TI  - [Periarticular angiopathies and tumors as the cause of chronic pain in the
      temporomandibular joint area].

PMID- 6588558
TI  - [X-ray pictures in pediatric dentistry. Current guidelines].

PMID- 6588559
TI  - [The need for treatment of tooth and jaw position anomalies in 9-year-old Bern
      schoolchildren].

PMID- 6588560
TI  - [Stability of the results and function of the jaws after correction of distal
      bite using the Herren activator].

PMID- 6588561
TI  - [Undermining resorption of 2d deciduous molars during eruption of 6th-year
      molars].

PMID- 6588562
TI  - Fifty-two year old Caucasian man with abdominal pain of several days duration.

PMID- 6588563
TI  - Cecal ulcers.

PMID- 6588564
TI  - Blastomycosis of the tibia: case report.

PMID- 6588565
TI  - Twenty year old Caucasian male with elevated hematocrit and right lower pole
      renal mass.

PMID- 6588566
TI  - Somatopsychic disease at the South Dakota Human Services Center.

PMID- 6588567
TI  - Rifkin broadens challenge in biotech.

PMID- 6588568
TI  - Use of composite experiences in RN upward mobility program.

PMID- 6588569
TI  - Child protection.

PMID- 6588570
TI  - The starving breast-fed baby.

PMID- 6588571
TI  - Loiasis and renal failure.
AB  - A patient with a filarial infection due to Loa loa and renal failure was treated
      with a modified regimen of diethylcarbamazine while receiving hemodialysis.
      Infection with Loa loa may be associated with glomerulonephritis due to
      immunologically mediated injury. Serum immune complexes were elevated in our
      patient, and a kidney biopsy specimen revealed globally sclerosed glomeruli. As
      gauged by the clearance of the microfilaremia, the treatment regimen proved safe
      and effective.

PMID- 6588572
TI  - Diabetic hyperglycemia and glycosuria as a manifestation of bulimia.
AB  - This is the first reported case of insulin dose manipulation as a manifestation
      of bulimia. The patient was diabetic, with fluctuations in control. Despite the
      guarded prognosis in bulimia, the patient's diabetic control improved with
      psychotherapy.

PMID- 6588573
TI  - [Illustrated guide to the diagnosis of oral diseases. 2].

PMID- 6588574
TI  - [Dental xeroradiography--a new and superior system of image formation].

PMID- 6588576
TI  - [Application of a computerized approach to the academic work in university].

PMID- 6588575
TI  - [Juvenile periodontitis and its management].

PMID- 6588577
TI  - [Application of a computer to orthodontic diagnosis].

PMID- 6588578
TI  - [Use of a personal computer for dental epidemiology].

PMID- 6588579
TI  - [Application and choice of a personal computer].

PMID- 6588580
TI  - [T.M.J. radiography in general practice].

PMID- 6588581
TI  - [Clinical performance of copper amalgams in dental restorations].

PMID- 6588582
TI  - [Classification and management of tooth fractures (1)].

PMID- 6588583
TI  - [Evaluation of dental equipment based on clinical efficiency and eye fatigue].

PMID- 6588584
TI  - [The fight against dental caries: a discussion (1)].

PMID- 6588585
TI  - [Dental insurance for the aged].

PMID- 6588586
TI  - [Use of cefmetazole for the prevention of postsurgical infections in the oral
      area].

PMID- 6588587
TI  - [Experimental and clinical studies of long-acting cephalexin].

PMID- 6588588
TI  - [Clinical use of thrombin preparation as a local hemostatic].

PMID- 6588589
TI  - [First microcinematographic record of living bone tissue].

PMID- 6588590
TI  - [Bite plane. III. Clinical tips].

PMID- 6588592
TI  - [Filling technics using dental amalgam].

PMID- 6588591
TI  - [Plaque accumulation on restorative materials].

PMID- 6588593
TI  - [Improved quality of dental amalgam].

PMID- 6588594
TI  - [New high quality imaging system. Dental xeroradiography].

PMID- 6588595
TI  - [Introduction to genetics].

PMID- 6588596
TI  - [Genetic aspects of dental caries].

PMID- 6588597
TI  - [Genetic background of malocclusions].

PMID- 6588598
TI  - [Inheritance of cleft lip and palate--abnormalities with multifactorial traits].

PMID- 6588599
TI  - [Oral manifestations of systemic genetic diseases].

PMID- 6588600
TI  - [Genetic counselling].

PMID- 6588601
TI  - Healing of experimental excisional wounds in the rat palate. II. Histological
      study of electrosurgical wounds.
AB  - Healing of standardised, excisional, electrosurgical wounds in the palatal mucosa
      of rats was studied during a three-week period. The excision margins were made
      with a specially constructed biopsy instrument with a diameter of three
      millimetres. The soft tissue was removed with electrosurgical equipment (Siemens
      Standard Radiotom 612) and uncovered bone tissue was left for secondary healing.
      Five rats were killed 0, 1,3,5,7,10,14 and 21 days after the surgical procedure.
      In another group, standardised sharply dissected wounds were made and the healing
      followed for three weeks using the same experimental design. Photometric
      measurements were made of the wounds after various time intervals and serial
      sections from palatal blocks were subjected to light-microscopic examination. In
      the control group the clinical healing was completed in three weeks, whereas in
      the experimental group part of the wound area was still non-epithelialised on day
      twenty-one. Photometric measurements showed that healing was delayed in the
      electrosurgical group during the first week but accelerated between day 7 and day
      14. On day 14 the electrosurgical wounds were still 60% larger than the sharply
      dissected ones. The histological examination showed a complicated healing
      pattern, with necrosis deep in the bone tissue and sequestration of bone
      fragments on the wound surface. On day 21 the repair process in the connective
      tissue was still going on, with elimination of damaged tissue elements.

PMID- 6588602
TI  - Dentifrice abrasivity. The use of laser light and supplemental techniques for
      characterizing toothpastes containing different abrasives. An in vitro study.
AB  - The abrasivity characteristics of six commercially available toothpastes
      containing different abrasives were investigated by using laser light reflexion
      and radiotracer methods. Surface profile and laser diffusometer measurements were
      also included in the study. Significant and, in some cases, substantial
      variations of abrasivity were observed. A certain correlation between the results
      of the different methods was found and used for purposes of ranking the
      toothpastes. The investigation indicated a necessity to use a combination of
      quantitative and surface descriptive methods in order that a complete picture of
      the abrasive properties of a dentifrice might be obtained. The importance of
      including other than biological materials in the test was also emphasized.

PMID- 6588603
TI  - Particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis of trace elements in human
      coronal dentin.
AB  - Mass concentrations reported on the elemental composition of human dentin show
      great discrepancies between different investigations using various techniques.
      The purpose of the study was to determine the concentrations of bromine (Br),
      copper (Cu), iron (Fe), strontium (Sr) and zinc (Zn) in the coronal dentin of
      permanent teeth from Sweden and from New York City. Particle-induced X-ray
      emission (PIXE) was used for the analyses. There were no statistically
      significant differences in elemental composition between the Swedish and the New
      York teeth, although the ranges were wider in the American material, except for
      Br. The results were compared with values presented by other investigators. The
      significance of the differences noted is uncertain in view of the differences in
      materials and methods employed in earlier studies. The PIXE technique applied to
      the analysis of trace elements in dental hard tissues offers great advantages in
      being accurate, rapid, and nondestructive.

PMID- 6588604
TI  - [Community use of dental care services. 4. The number of patients seeking dental
      services].

PMID- 6588605
TI  - [Clinical testing of a liquid disinfecting soap for handwashing in dental
      practice].

PMID- 6588606
TI  - [Preoperative radiographic study of the lower 3rd molars using 4 projections. 2.
      3-dimensional interpretation of films].

PMID- 6588607
TI  - [The dental care project in operation in Tanzania].

PMID- 6588609
TI  - [Maxillo-mandibular fixation].

PMID- 6588608
TI  - [Preoperative radiographic study of the lower 3rd molars using 4 projections. 3.
      Diagnostic findings].

PMID- 6588610
TI  - [Viral hepatitis among Danish drug addicts].

PMID- 6588611
TI  - [Drug addicts and local anesthesia: completeness of analgesia and general side
      effects].

PMID- 6588612
TI  - [Is acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) a risk for dentists?].

PMID- 6588613
TI  - [Retrograde obturation with root canal sealer instead of silver-amalgam].

PMID- 6588614
TI  - [Sucking habits of small children related to age, sex and social status].

PMID- 6588615
TI  - [Endodontic treatment of deciduous teeth using the formocresol amputation
      method].

PMID- 6588616
TI  - [Experiences with dental care in Kenya].

PMID- 6588617
TI  - [Health project in Colombia, South America].

PMID- 6588618
TI  - [The dental behavior in Danish chocolate factory workers. 1. Working conditions,
      dental health behavior and self-evaluation of dental status].

PMID- 6588619
TI  - [Combined orthodontic and prosthetic treatment of an adult patient with
      psychosocial indications].

PMID- 6588620
TI  - [Intraoral radiographic studies of sialolithiasis of the submandibular gland.
      Illustration using a patient case report].

PMID- 6588621
TI  - [Does inhaled medication influence oral mycoses?].

PMID- 6588622
TI  - [Oral surgery in Varmland].

PMID- 6588623
TI  - [Acute periodontal conditions].

PMID- 6588625
TI  - [Oral surgical cases].

PMID- 6588624
TI  - [Suggestions for treatment plans using medication (adults weighing about 70 kg)].

PMID- 6588626
TI  - [Endodontically related pain].

PMID- 6588627
TI  - [TABAS. Financial accounts management using a microcomputer].

PMID- 6588628
TI  - [Organized dental health care for the elderly].

PMID- 6588629
TI  - [Treatment using nitroimidazoles in orofacial infections].

PMID- 6588630
TI  - [Occlusal index--a comparative study].

PMID- 6588631
TI  - [Oral surgery information handling. Management of an information system in a
      hospital center].

PMID- 6588632
TI  - [Working conditions and dental health].

PMID- 6588633
TI  - [Dental oncology. A dental care field that as yet lacks identity].

PMID- 6588634
TI  - [Wisdom teeth in the mandible--a subject for a dental consensus conference?].

PMID- 6588635
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint arthroscopy. A new aid to improve diagnosis and
      therapy].

PMID- 6588636
TI  - English influence on Swedish odontological vocabulary.

PMID- 6588638
TI  - [Control of radiographic quality].

PMID- 6588637
TI  - [Prosthetic reconstruction in a patient with a deep bite].

PMID- 6588640
TI  - Panoramic dental tomography--a review.

PMID- 6588641
TI  - The effect of Ibuprofen (Brufen) following the removal of impacted third molar
      teeth.

PMID- 6588639
TI  - Serum erythropoietin (ESF) levels and erythroid progenitors (CFU-Es) of patients
      with chronic myeloproliferative disorders.
AB  - Serum erythropoietin (ESF) levels and the numbers of marrow and blood erythroid
      progenitors (CFU-Es) of patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD)
      were studied simultaneously. The numbers of marrow and blood CFU-Es per 1 x 10(5)
      cells were normal or greatly elevated. There was an inverse correlation between
      the hemoglobin concentration and the serum ESF level in patients with chronic
      myelogenous leukemia when the hemoglobin concentration ranged from 9.0 to 13.0
      g/100 ml. The serum ESF level was closely related to the hemoglobin concentration
      in CMPD and it was suggested that the negative feedback mechanism might operate
      in anemic patients with CMPD.

PMID- 6588642
TI  - The concerns of the medical aid movement.

PMID- 6588643
TI  - [Remarks on the dynamics of caries frequency].

PMID- 6588644
TI  - [The development of the Working Group on Tumour Documentation. 1].

PMID- 6588645
TI  - [Integration of nurses specialized in dental and oral hygiene in the orthodontic
      treatment process].

PMID- 6588646
TI  - [Endodontic treatment of adolescent permanent teeth with special regard to
      incomplete root development].

PMID- 6588647
TI  - [Changes in tonus of the temporal and masseter muscles in retrusion of the
      mandible].

PMID- 6588648
TI  - [The effect of occlusal form and neurotic tendencies on the frequency of
      functional disorders of the masticatory system].

PMID- 6588650
TI  - [Head position and soft-tissue function--experimental studies].

PMID- 6588649
TI  - [Late results after traumatic loss of anterior teeth followed by space closure].

PMID- 6588651
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment experiences of breathing disorders in children with
      malocclusion].

PMID- 6588652
TI  - [The use of statistical methods as illustrated in dentistry. 1: Univariate
      statistical technics].

PMID- 6588653
TI  - [Results after 16 years of prevention-oriented dental care in schools: what
      factors have been effective?].

PMID- 6588654
TI  - [Caries prevention in adulthood].

PMID- 6588655
TI  - [Periodontal prevention, therapy and maintenance during orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6588656
TI  - [Experimental studies on cutaneous tissue reaction to heat-vulcanized silicone
      rubber and polyurethane as facial prosthesis materials].

PMID- 6588657
TI  - [Fundamental study on composite resins for crowns and bridges].

PMID- 6588658
TI  - [Mechanical properties of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle in normal
      and bite-raised guinea pigs].

PMID- 6588659
TI  - [The effect of commercial beverages on enamel dissolution. Analysis of beverage
      contents and determination of calcium in decalcifying enamel].

PMID- 6588660
TI  - [Dental caries prevalence in deciduous teeth surveyed by feeding methods and
      histological observations].

PMID- 6588661
TI  - [A microbiological study of periodontal pockets in marginal periodontitis. Cases
      of young adults].

PMID- 6588662
TI  - [An in vivo study of the remineralization of carious inner dentin. The
      remineralization effect of glass ionomer cements].

PMID- 6588663
TI  - [A morphological study on attrition of primary molars restored with composite
      resin].

PMID- 6588664
TI  - [Processing of the silent period in the electromyograms of human masseter
      muscles].

PMID- 6588665
TI  - [Application of the pressure measuring sheet, "Prescale", in orthodontic
      treatment].

PMID- 6588666
TI  - [Effects of calcium ions on the inner side of the skin in the lateral line organs
      of Xenopus laevis].

PMID- 6588667
TI  - [A case report: prosthodontic treatment of a transplanted tooth].

PMID- 6588668
TI  - [Effect of impression materials on the surface of dental stones. Scanning
      electron microscopy study].

PMID- 6588669
TI  - [Case reports of 3 young periodontal patients].

PMID- 6588670
TI  - Ischemic cardiopathy from cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP).

PMID- 6588671
TI  - Phase II evaluation of 4'epi-doxorubicin in patients with metastatic colorectal
      carcinoma.
AB  - Thirty-four evaluable patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (13 rectal
      primary and 21 colonic primary, 4 pretreated and 30 untreated) received 4'epi
      doxorubicin at the dose of 75 mg/m2 i.v. once every 21 days, for a minimum of 2
      courses. Symptomatic toxicity (mainly confined to gastrointestinal complaints)
      was short-lived and easily managed. Hematologic toxicity was mild. Transient
      electrocardiographic abnormalities were found in 50% of patients, without signs
      of significant cumulative cardiotoxicity. Three previously untreated patients
      achieved a partial response (lasting 16, 12 and 12 weeks, respectively) with a
      response rate of 9% (3%-23%, 95% confidence interval). More interestingly, all
      responsive patients had rectal cancer: further studies of 4'epi-doxorubicin
      confined to the rectal localization seem warranted.

PMID- 6588672
TI  - [Familial leukemia].

PMID- 6588673
TI  - Drug delivery system.

PMID- 6588675
TI  - [Nifedipine--a new modality in the management of hypertension].

PMID- 6588674
TI  - Cricopharyngeal myotomy for dysphagia with aspiration.

PMID- 6588676
TI  - [Tooth replantation after injury].

PMID- 6588677
TI  - [Adverse effects of cancer chemotherapy on the soft tissues of the mouth].

PMID- 6588678
TI  - [Osteosynthesis in the surgical correction of prognathism].

PMID- 6588679
TI  - [The dental nurse's role in the prevention of dental caries].

PMID- 6588680
TI  - [The dental nurses' role in the dental health education of the adult Yugoslavian
      Slovenian population].

PMID- 6588681
TI  - [A questionnaire on the dental health status of school children in Slovenia SR].

PMID- 6588682
TI  - [Metastatic jaw tumors].

PMID- 6588683
TI  - [Extraction therapy in mixed dentition].

PMID- 6588684
TI  - [The combination of an activator appliance with extraoral force].

PMID- 6588685
TI  - [Electrical phenomena associated with metal fillings].

PMID- 6588686
TI  - [Clinical significance of mercury--theory and reality].

PMID- 6588687
TI  - [Methods and means of caries prevention in children's and adolescents'
      dentition].

PMID- 6588688
TI  - [Wound healing materials for the dentin and pulp in clinical and roentgenological
      tests].

PMID- 6588689
TI  - [The question of the psychological disposition of patients with glossalgia and
      stomatodynia].

PMID- 6588690
TI  - [Periotest--a new measurement process for periodontal function].

PMID- 6588692
TI  - [As dentistry graduates from its apprenticeship].

PMID- 6588691
TI  - [Comparative studies on electric toothbrushes].

PMID- 6588693
TI  - [Grinding after orthodontic treatment?].

PMID- 6588694
TI  - [Specific infections in the mouth and jaws].

PMID- 6588696
TI  - [Qualitative and quantitative analysis of volumes 18 (1977)-23 (1982) of
      "Zahntechnik" and proposals for its subject format with regard to professional
      scientific development trends for 1985].

PMID- 6588695
TI  - [Comparative study of the increase in hardness of cast model investment using
      model hardening and immersion hardening].

PMID- 6588698
TI  - [Various aids for maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 6588697
TI  - [Processing standards for ceramic prosthetics].

PMID- 6588699
TI  - [Development and present status of jaw splints].

PMID- 6588701
TI  - A new simple screening method for glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

PMID- 6588700
TI  - Comparative therapeutic benefit of indomethacin, hydrochlorothiazide, and acetyl
      salicylic acid in a patient with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
AB  - To define the importance of renal prostaglandins in nephrogenic diabetes
      insipidus (NDI), diuresis and the urinary excretion of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were
      studied in a patient with NDI before and during inhibition of endogenous
      prostaglandin synthesis with either indomethacin (IND) or acetyl-salicylic acid
      (ASA). The excretion rates of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were in the low normal range
      for the patient's age group, remained unchanged during 6 h of fluid deprivation
      and were suppressed by IND (150 mg/day), ASA (3 g/day), and by the combination of
      IND and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT, 50 mg/day). However, whereas IND, HCT, and the
      combination of IND and HCT reduced diuresis ASA did not. Free water clearance as
      determined during fluid deprivation remained positive during each phase of
      therapy. These data fail to demonstrate a direct effect of endogenous ADH on
      renal prostaglandin synthesis in NDI. The ineffectiveness of ASA to reduce
      diuresis indicates that indomethacin affects diuresis in NDI by a mechanism other
      than inhibition of cyclooxygenase.

PMID- 6588703
TI  - Proceedings of the international round table conference: FAB classification of
      acute leukemias correlating with response to chemotherapy.

PMID- 6588702
TI  - Involvement of active oxygens released by activated leukocytes in hemolytic
      mechanism of G6PD deficient red cells.

PMID- 6588704
TI  - Expression of glycolipids on target cells susceptible to human natural killer
      cell-mediated cytolysis.

PMID- 6588706
TI  - Third workshop on memory functions. Gothenburg, February 4-6, 1983.

PMID- 6588705
TI  - Depression of monocytes and lymphocytes by stress-related humoral factors and
      anaesthetic-related drugs.
AB  - The in vitro effects of six anaesthesia-related drugs and five stress-related
      serum factors on monocyte-mediated cytolysis and thymidine uptake in mitogen
      (PHA)-stimulated lymphocytes have been studied. Thiopentone depressed both the
      monocyte and lymphocyte function in a dose-dependent way. However, at thiopentone
      concentrations which may be present in the serum after a single intravenous
      anaesthesia induction dose, the monocyte depression was moderate and depression
      of the lymphocytes was not observed. The other drugs tested, fentanyl, morphine,
      pancuronium, diazepam and bupivacaine, did not alter the cellular functions
      significantly. Prostaglandin-E2 in concentrations of 10(-6) and 10(-7) M markedly
      depressed monocyte-mediated cytolysis. Cortisol, catecholamines and serotonin did
      not alter this function. However, a synergistic depressive effect of the
      combination of prostaglandin-E2 and cortisol was observed. The proliferative
      response of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes was depressed by cortisol in
      concentrations of 2200 nmol/l and 1100 nmol/1 Again, there was a marked
      synergistic effect of the combination of cortisol and prostaglandin-E2, while
      prostaglandin-E2 alone, catecholamines and serotonin did not influence the PHA
      response. A possible explanation for the depression of monocyte-mediated
      cytolysis and lymphocyte-thymidine uptake during and after surgery under general
      anaesthesia may be the combined effect of endocrine and local stress factors.

PMID- 6588707
TI  - Chronic toxic encephalopathy in house-painters.

PMID- 6588708
TI  - Gothenburg first and second workshop on epilepsy and memory function: summing up
      and concluding remarks.

PMID- 6588709
TI  - The effect of electroconvulsive shock on learning and memory in rats.

PMID- 6588710
TI  - The relationship between seizures and amnesia in experimental epilepsy.

PMID- 6588711
TI  - The influence of carbamazepine and phenytoin on memory and other aspects of
      cognitive function in new referrals with epilepsy.

PMID- 6588712
TI  - Attention problems in adult epileptic patients.

PMID- 6588713
TI  - Preoperative and postoperative memory testing of epileptic patients.
AB  - The present paper has four main objectives. First, it proposes a general
      theoretical orientation of memory functions as a basis for the research to be
      discussed. This framework is functionalistic/interactionistic in nature, in that
      memory is seen as an interaction between available cognitive capabilities of the
      individual and specific demands of the situation in which the individual is to
      remember a certain set of materials. Secondly, on the basis of this framework
      certain methodological requirements are discussed. These considerations take into
      account the need for a proper analysis of the to-be-remembered (TBR) information
      and those cognitive functions involved in remembering the TBR information
      presented. Thirdly, a preoperative and postoperative memory test is presented.
      This was designed on the basis of the theoretical and methodological
      considerations mentioned. Data from one such ongoing study is presented, taking
      into account various measures of memory functions; immediate free recall, final
      free recall, final cued recall, serial recall, final final free recall, short
      term memory and long-term memory capacity as measured by the Tulving & Colotla
      [1] lag measure, primacy, asymptote and recency effects, and semantic memory.
      Finally, on the basis of the experience from this memory test a few aspects of
      memory testing in epileptic patients are suggested for future research.

PMID- 6588714
TI  - Observations on verbal, pictorial and stereognostic memory in epileptic patients
      during intracarotid Amytal testing.

PMID- 6588715
TI  - Results from intracarotid Amytal tests in epileptic patients.

PMID- 6588716
TI  - The nature of cognitive dysfunction in school-children with epilepsy.

PMID- 6588717
TI  - Alzheimer's disease: clinical course and cognitive disturbances.

PMID- 6588718
TI  - Dementia in epilepsy.

PMID- 6588719
TI  - Calcium entry blockade as a therapeutic principle in the female urogenital tract.

PMID- 6588720
TI  - Relevance of social and behavioral factors in the evaluation of dental health
      care for school children.
AB  - An interdisciplinary strategy based on a theoretical model for studying dental
      health was used to analyze the relevance of social and behavioral factors in the
      evaluation of dental health care for school children. The study comprised pupils
      who, after a total period of 5 years, differed in their experience with
      preventive regimens applying different principles of dental prevention. In 1979
      80 social and behavioral data were collected by means of a postal questionnaire
      from altogether 234 pupils, aged 15-16 years, from two school areas. Clinical
      data, comprising scores for prevalence of plaque, gingivitis, and caries, were
      available from examinations in 1974, 1978, and 1979. The analysis of factors
      influencing the subjects' oral status demonstrated that material factors--the
      parents' education and employment, type of housing, and line of education--and
      physical factors--sex and prevalence of plaque, gingivitis, and caries at base
      line--all were of significance for the results obtained. No significant influence
      of home care climate (social/political factors), dental knowledge and attitudes,
      general foresightedness or carelessness (mental factors), or tooth-cleaning and
      sweet-eating habits (action factors) was found. Social and behavioral factors of
      significance exerted their influence regardless of the type and scope of the
      dental health care provided. Gingival health was far more a consequence of the
      professional tooth-cleaning regimen than dependent on the social and behavioral
      factors tested. No superior effect on caries status was demonstrated for any of
      the preventive regimens tested.

PMID- 6588721
TI  - The influence of some anamnestic, demographic, and clinical variables on patient
      acceptance of new complete dentures.
AB  - Information obtained by the dentist during a conventional anamnesis and clinical
      investigation has been claimed to be important in predicting how new complete
      dentures will be accepted by the patient. The main purpose of the present paper
      was to test this hypothesis. Seventy-four experienced denture wearers with an
      average age of 66 years were included in the study. These patients were
      interviewed concerning their dental history and satisfaction with old and new
      complete dentures. In the clinical examination, anatomical and physiological
      conditions of the oral cavity, the quality of the old dentures, and the general
      health of the patients were assessed. Sixty-six per cent of the patients were
      dissatisfied with their old dentures. With regard to the new dentures, 15% of the
      patients were dissatisfied. The major prosthodontic problems during the period of
      adaptation were pain related to the mandibular dentures and difficulties with
      speech. Correlations between patient acceptance of new dentures and the
      anamnestic, demographic, and clinical variables were either statistically or
      practically/clinically insignificant and therefore poor predictors of how new
      dentures would be accepted by the patients.

PMID- 6588722
TI  - The morphology of salivary calculi. A scanning electron microscopic study.
AB  - Salivary calculi are a common disorder in the submandibular gland duct system,
      but the etiology and pathogenesis of the concrements remain unclear. Ten
      submandibular gland calculi were examined in a scanning electron microscope after
      critical-point drying, fracturing, and gold coating. The surface of the calculi
      was built up of numerous knobs covered by a smooth and occasionally filamentous
      substance, probably of mucinous origin. Microorganisms were commonly found at the
      surface. The nuclei of the calculi, which were rather homogeneous, were
      surrounded by lamellated structures. Between the lamellae spheroid bodies, 20-100
      microns in diameter, were present. These spheroid bodies are probably of mucinous
      origin, which together with an amorphous granulated substance builds up the
      matrix. Microorganism-like structures occasionally appeared at the interface
      between lamellae. Microorganisms can be an important factor by providing an
      organic matrix in the later phase of the pathogenesis of salivary calculi.
      However, the nuclei did not show morphological evidence of any particular factor
      explaining the etiology of salivary calculus.

PMID- 6588723
TI  - Membrane structures in the pulp-dentin border zone. A freeze-fracture study of
      demineralized human teeth.
AB  - The membrane morphology of cells in the pulp-dentin border zone in human teeth
      was scrutinized by means of the freeze-fracture technique. The tissue was
      fractured and replicated after mild demineralization in Na-EDTA. This procedure
      did not seem to influence the preservation of the tissue significantly. The
      odontoblastic cell bodies and their long processes lying within the predentinal
      and dentinal tubules were exposed. The technique made it possible to analyze the
      structural features of the apical part of the odontoblastic layer, including the
      'terminal bar' region. This area exhibited large, irregularly shaped gap
      junctions. In some regions clusters of many small membranous pits or caveolae
      apparently representing pinocytotic vesicles were seen. The odontoblastic process
      displayed membrane protuberances projecting outward and abutting the inner
      tubular wall. In the predentinal and the adjacent dentinal regions, fine-caliber
      fibers (approximately 0.1-0.4 micron in diameter), presumably nerves, appeared in
      intimate relationship with the odontoblastic cell processes. At these sites the
      cell membrane displayed aggregations of membrane-associated particles, presumably
      gap junctions.

PMID- 6588724
TI  - Micro-determination of phosphate in enamel biopsy samples using the malachite
      green method.
AB  - A simple and sensitive malachite green method was adapted for the determination
      of phosphate in enamel demineralizing solutions. Comparison with other methods
      indicates that malachite green was about 60 times more sensitive than Fiske and
      Subbarow's method and 10 times more than that of Chen et al. The high sensitivity
      of this method allows very small biopsy samples to be used. The linearity is good
      between the tested range of 0.025-3.0 mM P. The relative standard deviation was
      low and amounted to 1.4% in duplicate determinations. No statistical differences
      in phosphate concentration of enamel biopsy samples determined by the three
      methods were found. Fluoride concentration up to 80 micrograms/ml did not
      interfere with phosphate determined by the malachite green. For sampling enamel,
      the acid-etch technique was used, and the fluoride concentration at successive
      demineralization runs was monitored using fluoride-ion electrode.

PMID- 6588725
TI  - The alkaline and antibacterial effect of seven Ca(OH)2 liners in vitro.
AB  - The alkaline effect of seven Ca(OH)2 liners was studied, using extractions with
      unbuffered 0.9% NaCl solutions and buffered bacterial growth media. The
      antibacterial effect was studied by cultivating Streptococcus mutans in the
      presence of liner specimens. All liners made the NaCl solutions strongly alkaline
      (pH greater than 10), although MPC and Reolite released much less Ca than did
      Dycal, Life, Procal, Renew, and Reocap-E. The weaker alkaline effect of MPC and
      Reolite was shown by the extractions with the growth media. Consequently, these
      two liners were not able to prevent the growth of Str. mutans. No growth was
      observed in the presence of the other five liners, and the media remained
      alkaline during the 12-h incubation period. Regrowth of the bacteria grown in the
      presence of these effective liners showed that only Dycal could be considered
      bactericidal, whereas the four other liners acted bacteriostatically.

PMID- 6588726
TI  - Clinical effects of preventive regimens for young people in their early and
      middle teens in relation to previous experience with dental prevention.
AB  - The clinical effects of different preventive regimens provided for young people
      in their early and middle teens were studied during a 2-year period. The regimens
      studied during the 1st year of the trial were professional tooth-cleaning plus
      fluoride mouth-rinsing every 3rd week versus fluoride varnish treatment every 6
      months. During the 2nd year, the preventive measures were given in accordance
      with the estimated needs of each individual. The results were related to the
      individuals' previous experience with dental prevention to determine whether this
      had a significant influence. The results showed that fairly good or excellent
      effects on the individuals' oral hygiene and gingival status were readily
      achieved and maintained with a professional tooth-cleaning plus fluoride mouth
      rinsing regimen. The study failed to demonstrate any superior caries-preventive
      effect of the fluoride varnish treatments. Subsequent individualized prevention
      produced similar average end results in all groups. Differences in the results in
      accordance with the individuals' previous experience with dental prevention
      indicate a superior and prolonged influence on dental health of professional
      tooth-cleaning plus fluoride mouth-rinsing in comparison with a fluoride-based
      program alone.

PMID- 6588727
TI  - Local application of PGE2 by means of a portio-adapter. A new method of induction
      of labor.
AB  - In 206 pregnant women with unfavorable cervix, labor was induced by local
      application of 1.5 mg PGE2 by means of a portio-adapter. In 70.4% labor was
      successfully induced after a single "PG-cap". An additional 11.6% went into labor
      after a second or third cap. In 14.1%, a sufficient priming of the cervix was
      obtained and amniotomy was performed. 3.9% had to be considered failures. The
      overall incidence of operative deliveries was 17%. Apgar scores and cord gases
      were within normal ranges. Internal tocography revealed a physiologic pattern of
      contractions with slightly elevated maximal pressures but normal baseline values.
      With local application of PG by means of a portio-adapter the preparation of a
      gel mixture can be avoided and the exact anatomic location of the PG-containing
      solution allows a withdrawal in case of hyperstimulation. From the results of
      this study it is concluded that local application of 1.5 mg PGE2 by means of a
      portio-adapter is a safe and effective method of induction of labor.

PMID- 6588728
TI  - Prevention of congenital dislocation of the hip. The Swedish experience of
      neonatal treatment of hip joint instability.
AB  - The extensive work on early diagnosis and treatment of CDH (in the broad sense of
      this term) in Sweden has formed the basis of our present organization of
      prevention of hip dislocation. Practically all children are born in hospital, at
      present about 93,000 per year (1980). Routine examination of the hip joints has
      been included in the check-ups of newborns since the beginning of the 1950's. The
      centralization of obstetrics, especially during the last decade, has facilitated
      the organization of these examinations by paediatric consultants in all obstetric
      departments. All cases of hip joint instability are recorded, and during the last
      few years the frequency has been about 12 per thousand, probably with some over
      diagnosis due to registration of uncertain cases. All definite cases of hip
      instability have been treated immediately at the orthopaedic departments. A study
      of a series of untreated newborns with transient instability has shown that the
      majority, but not all, will develop normal hip joints without treatment. This has
      been one reason for the recommendation to treat all unequivocal cases of hip
      instability. The present organization of examination and treatment is described.
      Detailed and practical instructions for the examination and treatment are given.
      Follow-ups of children treated for hip instability in the neonatal period are
      reported. It has been found that in practically all these patients anatomically
      normal hip joints are achieved by means of correct and carefully followed up
      treatment. The findings in 65 patients with neonatal hip instability in whom the
      treatment was unsuccessful or inadequate have underlined the importance of a
      strict treatment schedule, experienced doctors and detailed information to the
      parents. The effect of diagnosis and treatment of hip instability neonatally on
      the frequency of late-diagnosed cases of CDH was studied by recording all late
      diagnosed cases at all orthopaedic departments. It was clear from the latter
      study that instability of the hip in newborns represents "preluxation" and that
      the treatment of this can prevent later dislocation. Dislocation of the hip joint
      in newborn infants is very unusual. Nowadays it is rare even after the neonatal
      period--in recent years only 12% of the late-diagnosed CDH cases between 1 and 6
      months of age at diagnosis. However, the total number of late-diagnosed cases in
      the whole country has not decreased by more than 50% compared with the period
      prior to the introduction of hip examination of newborns.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      400 WORDS)

PMID- 6588729
TI  - Cardiomyopathy induced by anthracycline-derivates.
AB  - Two cases of anthracycline-induced congestive heart failure are described. Serial
      assessment of cardiac function during treatment showed early deterioration of the
      systolic time intervals of the left ventricle (LSTI) before congestive
      cardiomyopathy could be demonstrated by echocardiography. We recommend that the
      cardiac function should be assessed regularly during anthracycline therapy by
      systolic time intervals and echocardiography to reveal early signs of cardiotoxic
      effect and that anthracycline therapy should be stopped when LSTI is 0.45 or when
      it has increased more than 50% compared to pretreatment values.

PMID- 6588730
TI  - Microvascular blood flow distribution in skeletal muscle. An intravital
      microscopic study in the rabbit.
AB  - Distribution patterns of the microvascular blood flow and interactions of various
      microvascular elements were studied in the tenuissimus muscle of the rabbit with
      the aid of intravital microscopy. The modified technique employed permitted
      observation, with high resolution, of the microcirculation in the tenuissimus
      muscle in situ, with only minor surgical preparation and incision. Preparation
      and exposure of the muscle for vital microscopy did not alter the resting blood
      flow and did not limit the normal range of vascular control. Microvascular flow
      data agreed well with the whole organ blood flow and the vascular smooth muscle
      reacted vigorously to various stimuli. In the resting state one-third to one-half
      of the total number of capillaries were considered to be perfused, with a
      homogeneous spatial distribution. The average capillary red cell velocity at rest
      was less than 20% of the average maximal velocity. Alterations in the ambient
      oxygen tension to which the muscle tissue was exposed resulted in profound
      changes in capillary perfusion. These were mainly attributed to changes in the
      number of perfused capillaries, whereas changes in red cell velocity were of less
      significance. However, an increase in red cell velocity was considered to
      contribute substantially to the capillary flow response in situations with a
      markedly increased blood flow. The proportion of capillaries being perfused
      seemed to be a passive function of the pressure gradient over the capillary bed,
      in combination with a yield stress in the capillaries controlled by the
      arteriolar resistance. Apparently the active control of functional capillary was
      not anatomically separated from that of capillary flow velocity. The ultimate
      control of the capillary perfusion resided in the terminal arterioles, although
      the capillary flow was influenced also by the resistance in the proximal
      arteriolar segments. Vascular connections between the muscle tissue proper and
      adjacent connective tissue were a regular and frequent phenomenon. A majority of
      the transverse arterioles also supplied, in addition to the muscle capillaries,
      the connective tissue. The distribution of the arteriolar flow between these two
      vascular areas was determined by the interaction between the larger transverse
      and smaller terminal arterioles and their relative contributions to the vascular
      resistance. The terminal arterioles were clearly more responsive than the
      transverse arterioles to changes in ambient oxygen availability.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6588731
TI  - Differentiation of normal and disturbed sleep by automatic analysis.
AB  - The main purpose of the present study was to develop an automatic hybrid system
      and evaluate its performance in the differentiation of normal and disturbed
      sleep. The study was carried out in roughly the following steps: At the beginning
      the quantity of five EEG waveforms, delta, theta, alpha, sigma and beta were
      examined with respect to sleep stages and their temporal distributions and inter
      relationships throughout the nights in young 20-22 year-old, healthy individuals.
      These data were used as a basis for the choice of parameters for a sleep stage
      scoring program. Secondly, the sleep stage scoring software was developed using
      as test material three subject groups: about 10 years older controls, anonymous
      alcoholics and chronic alcoholics in the withdrawal phase. The last group was
      examined on two occasions, first in the initial withdrawal and then after two
      weeks' abstinence between the recordings. The sleep stage scoring program was
      evaluated in comparison with a visual sleep stage determination and its
      performance was also tested on the young normals. Attention was paid to three
      main points: First, how well does an automatic system imitate the visual
      classification of a human subject, when both the human and the computer
      classifications are compared side by side at a 20 s epoch level? Second, even if
      this comparison did not show a satisfactory agreement, could the computer
      classification still replace the visual sleep stage scoring when the objective is
      to describe the neurophysiological characteristics of the human whole-night sleep
      process or differentiate between normal and disturbed sleep. For this purpose it
      was examined, whether the values for the sleep stage parameters obtained by
      visual classification corresponded to those obtained by computer scoring and
      whether the differences found between the groups by manual methods could also be
      obtained by computer classification. The third goal was to see whether other
      measures than parameters received by sleep stage classification could be used for
      the differentiation between normal and disturbed sleep. In the present work only
      EEG waveform parameters and body movement activity were studied with this in
      mind. It was found that sleep can satisfactorily be classified in stages by
      automatic analysis if it is not markedly disturbed. The percentage agreement
      obtained for the three groups having practically normal sleep (young normals
      appr. 80%, older normals 77% and anonymous alcoholics 75%) was satisfactory and
      sufficient for clinical and experimental work.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6588733
TI  - Drug utilization studies: implications for medical care. Proceedings from ANIS
      Symposium, Sanga-Saby, Sweden, June 8-9, 1982.

PMID- 6588732
TI  - Serum lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations in patients with
      hyperthyroidism and the effect of treatment with carbimazole.
AB  - Forty patients, 32 women and 8 men, with hyperthyroidism were investigated
      concerning serum lipoprotein lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations before,
      during and after treatment with carbimazole to euthyroidism. During the
      hyperthyroid condition the patients had significantly lower serum concentrations
      of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.
      The serum lipoprotein triglyceride concentrations were within the normal ranges.
      During treatment to euthyroidism the low serum concentrations of LDL and HDL
      cholesterol increased to normal values. LDL and HDL concentrations increased in
      the female patient group by 46 +/- 12 and 25 +/- 9% and in the male patient group
      by 50 +/- 12 and 19 +/- 11%, respectively. During treatment serum apolipoprotein
      B and A-I concentrations increased significantly in females by 58 +/- 9 and 18 +/
      5% and in males by 60 +/- 9 and 13 +/- 8%, respectively.

PMID- 6588734
TI  - Measurement of drug utilization in Sweden: methodological and clinical
      implications.
AB  - The available sources of information on drug utilization in the Swedish
      population at large are reviewed. They comprise whole-sale statistics, drug
      deliveries to hospitals and prescription data. Drug consumption is preferably
      expressed in defined daily doses (DDD) per capita, where DDD is the average
      recommended dose on the major indication of the drug. Under ideal circumstances-
      drugs used continuously on one indication--the number of DDDs per population
      ought to agree with morbidity data. This turned out to be the case with
      antidiabetic drugs. The pitfalls with this unit of measurement include major
      discrepancies between recommended and prescribed doses, and the use of the drug
      on vastly different indications (such as neurosis and psychosis in the case of
      neuroleptics). Nevertheless, the DDD methodology may serve as a therapeutic audit
      in attempts to follow and influence therapeutic habits of health personnel in
      hospitals and primary health care. Wholesale data combined with individual-based
      prescription data are particularly useful in this regard.

PMID- 6588735
TI  - The epidemiological evaluation of drugs.
AB  - Depending on the research problem, the epidemiological evaluation of drugs must
      be based on a combination of research strategies that include experimental
      methods (controlled trials), and non-experimental methods. Among the latter are
      correlational studies; spontaneous reporting systems and published case reports;
      cohort studies; and case-control studies. The spread of computer technology may,
      by record linkage, facilitate cohort or case-control studies. Comprehensive drug
      surveillance must be based on the combined use of each research strategy, as
      appropriate.

PMID- 6588736
TI  - Case-control studies in the assessment of drug safety.
AB  - In a case-control study, the basic approach is to identify a group of subjects
      newly presenting with the illness of interest and to discover how many of them
      were exposed to the suspected cause. The frequency of exposure in these cases is
      then compared with that in a series of control subjects free from the illness
      under investigation. Many of the epidemiological studies of drug-induced illness
      now appearing in the literature are of the case-control type, principally because
      such studies are usually easy to set up, are reasonably cheap, and can often be
      completed in a short space of time. This paper considers the main areas of
      methodological importance in carrying out a case-control study of the effects of
      drugs--i.e. selection of cases, selection of controls, identification of exposure
      to drugs under study, influence of confounding factors, analysis of the data and
      interpretation of the results. It is noted that accurate, up to date and
      accessible registers of disease events and drug exposures relating to
      identifiable individuals are of great assistance in the conduct of case-control
      studies.

PMID- 6588737
TI  - Methods in assessing drug compliance.
AB  - Methods and problems in assessing drug compliance are related to the selection of
      study sample and observation period as well as to methods used to measure patient
      behaviour in taking medications. Patients under treatment with a certain drug
      regimen are different from the patients for whom that regimen was originally
      prescribed. Medication compliance during short periods of time, such as 1-2 weeks
      before or after a visit to the clinic, is likely to be different from that found
      over longer periods of time. Several studies indicate that estimates by clinical
      staff are no more accurate than chance selections in determining medication
      compliance. Patient interviews have usually identified 25-50% of noncompliant
      patients, but interview data on spacing between doses seem to be more accurate.
      Pill counts are useful in assessing drug compliance, although compliance may
      sometimes be overestimated. Medication monitors provide more detailed information
      on patient behaviour in taking medications.

PMID- 6588738
TI  - The concept of medical auditing.
AB  - The contribution of drug utilisation studies on national, regional and local
      levels, to the quality control or audit of drug therapy is discussed. Two major
      types of audit, self-audit and peer-group audit, are outlined and examples
      presented illustrating how the concept of audit may be applied to therapeutics
      with special reference to drug information centres, feedback of drug prescribing
      data, and drug formularies. When drug information on prescribing practice from
      these sources is disseminated to the prescribers without value judgements being
      made, the component of self-audit is predominant in contrast to drug information
      dealing with prescribing appropriateness, in which peer-group opinion is
      expressed. Methods of capturing and disseminating data on prescribing practice
      which could be used in the auditing process are described. However, the greatest
      contribution to therapeutic audit lies with those responsible for medical
      training who should foster the quality of selfcriticism and the quest for high
      standards of prescribing practice in their students.

PMID- 6588739
TI  - Patterns in drug utilization--national and international aspects: antidiabetic
      drugs.
AB  - Data on the prevalence of diabetes in the Czech socialist republic and on the age
      and sex structure of the diabetic population are presented in this paper as well
      as the distribution of patients according to type of therapy. The time period
      studied was 1972 through 1980. The following factors were supposed to affect the
      level of antidiabetic drug consumption in Czechoslovakia: prevalence of diabetes;
      organisation of health care; demographic indices and therapeutic traditions.
      Differences in age and sex structure of the population are probably a major
      reason for the observed differences in antidiabetic drug consumption between the
      Czech and the Slovak socialist republics. A good reciprocity was found between
      the sale of antidiabetic drugs measured as number of defined daily doses (DDD)
      per 1 000 inhabitants per day and the prevalence of diabetics treated with the
      corresponding drugs.

PMID- 6588740
TI  - Extremes in drug utilization patterns. Low prescribing of antihypertensives in
      the District of Novi Sad, Yugoslavia.
AB  - According to data expressed in defined daily doses (DDD), the utilization of
      antihypertensives is lower in the district of Novi Sad (Yugoslavia) than in other
      settings studied so far. The number of actually treated persons is even lower
      than that indicated by the DDD value, which in 1981 was 23.4 DDD/1 000
      inhabitants/day. Currently, the participating members in the WHO coordinated
      MONICA-project are considering the possibility to incorporate the defined daily
      dose approach to evaluate drug usage in relation to morbidity data. This offers a
      realistic prospect for identifying the medical consequences of the regional
      differences in prescribing patterns.

PMID- 6588741
TI  - Drug utilization studies: implications for medical care. Plenary lecture.

PMID- 6588743
TI  - Relation between drug utilization and morbidity pattern: antihypertensive drugs.
AB  - Drug utilization studies are a valuable tool in health services research aiming
      to improve quality of health care and use of resources. We first present a simple
      model for drug utilization studies and then give practical examples from our
      studies in Norway, mainly dealing with the treatment of hypertension. There are
      marked differences in drug utilization between hospitals, counties, and the five
      Nordic countries. The medical consequences of these differences are probably
      small, but they have important economic implications. The marked regional
      differences in drug utilization argue for better organization of health care, for
      standardized treatment programs, and for continuing education of doctors.

PMID- 6588742
TI  - Relation between drug utilization and morbidity. A record linkage study.
AB  - A study was carried out to determine whether it would be feasible to use record
      linkage for monitoring adverse effects of drugs. For a total population of 43 117
      people, all prescriptions dispensed during a two-year period were linked with
      records of hospital admissions, obstetric deliveries, and deaths (in or out of
      hospital). For another population of 10 453 people, prescriptions were linked
      with information about illnesses recorded by general practitioners. In both
      cases, the data were analysed to reveal associations between drugs and diagnoses.
      It was concluded that record linkage would be valuable for detecting unsuspected
      hazards of drugs, and for testing hypotheses from other sources. The
      opportunities for this type of research are greatest in countries with highly
      organized health services, such as the Scandinavian countries and the United
      Kingdom.

PMID- 6588744
TI  - Relation between drug utilization and morbidity pattern.
AB  - Do drug utilization data, versus other health care data--such as causes of death
      and sick reports, discharge diagnoses, and number of days on the sick list--give
      a similar picture of the health status in Sweden? Though a number of
      discrepancies exist between these sources of information, analyses show that the
      similarities between the pictures they give of the health status are
      considerable, provided due consideration is given the facts that--for self
      evident reasons--certain illnesses and injuries are not to be found in all the
      sources.

PMID- 6588745
TI  - Effects of gonadotrophin on the ovary of Apodemus flavicollis in winter
      anoestrus.
AB  - Wild-caught female Apodemus flavicollis were given daily subcutaneous injections
      of PMSG + HCG on two consecutive days (2xPMSG + HCG), HCG on two days (2 X HCG),
      PMSG + HCG until their vagina became perforate (Perforate), and PMSG + HCG until
      they became perforate and were left undisturbed for another five days (Perforate
      + 5). Untreated females served as controls. The ovaries and uteri increased in
      weight as a result of the treatment. The number of healthy follicles increased in
      "perforate" females and decreased in "2 X HCG". Luteinization of the follicles
      and possibly of the interstitial tissue was seen in "2 X HCG". In this group, the
      mean diameter of the corpora lutea increased, and it decreased in "perforate" and
      "perforate + 5". The mean number of corpora lutea was unaffected by the
      treatment. The activity of 3 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta HSD) was
      strong in the corpora lutea of the untreated females and remained so throughout
      treatment. The interstitial tissue of the untreated females showed only weak 3
      beta HSD activity, but the activity was strong in all the experimental groups.
      One female ovulated, but it is not clear if it was in response to treatment.

PMID- 6588746
TI  - m-AMSA: phase II trial in advanced lymphoma and leukemia.
AB  - m-AMSA, an acridine dye derivative, has been utilized in 36 patients with
      advanced hematologic malignancies. In 22 patients with lymphoma receiving 120
      mg/m2 every 3 weeks, 10(45%) have achieved remissions. Eight of these remissions
      have been partial. The median duration of remission in patients with lymphoma was
      3 months (range 1-12+ months). In 11 patients with acute leukemia receiving m
      AMSA, 40 mg/m2 t.i.d. for 5 days, three (27%) have achieved remissions. Two of
      the three remissions have been complete. All three remissions in patients with
      leukemia were sustained for 1 month. Two patients with myeloma and one patient
      with chronic lymphocytic leukemia failed to respond. The major toxicity of m-AMSA
      has been myelosuppression. The dose-limiting toxic effect in patients with
      lymphoma was neutropenia. Nausea and vomiting, alopecia, phlebitis, and hepatic
      dysfunction have been noted in a minority of patients. Phlebitis appeared to be
      prevented with heparin administration after m-AMSA infusion. One fatal arrhythmia
      occurred, apparently related to therapy. m-AMSA appears active in advanced
      leukemia and lymphoma. Further studies are merited, particularly in combination
      with known effective agents, in order to improve upon remission duration.

PMID- 6588747
TI  - Transformation of chronic myelogenous leukemia: clinical, morphologic, and
      cytogenetic features.
AB  - The morphologic, cytogenetic, and clinical features of 58 patients with
      transformation of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) positive chronic myelogenous
      leukemia (CML) were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups on the
      basis of blood and marrow findings: blast crisis and subacute transformation. The
      evolution of the leukemic process in 41 patients was classified as blast crisis
      based on one of three criteria: 30% or more blasts in blood and/or marrow smears,
      intramedullary focus of blast transformation in a marrow trephine biopsy, or
      blast transformation in an extramedullary site. The 17 patients with subacute
      transformation of CML had a deteriorating clinical and hematologic picture but
      did not manifest any of the criteria for blast crisis. The blood and marrow
      findings in this group of patients were characterized by several qualitative and
      quantitative changes, including anemia, thrombocytopenia, decreasing leukocyte
      count, increasing basophilia, myelofibrosis, dysplastic alterations in
      hematopoietic cells, and increased blasts which, however, never exceeded 25%.
      Chromosome abnormalities in addition to the Ph1 were found in 65% of the patients
      with blast crisis and 86% of the patients with subacute transformation. The 41
      patients with blast crisis had a median survival of nine weeks; the 17 with
      subacute transformation had a median survival of 26 weeks. The shortest median
      survival for patients with blast crisis, four weeks, occurred in the patients
      with myeloid blast crisis with chromosome abnormalities in addition to the Ph.
      The longest median survival, 52 plus weeks, occurred in patients with lymphoid
      blast crisis with only the Ph1 at transformation.

PMID- 6588748
TI  - Hand-mirror cells: structure reflects function.

PMID- 6588749
TI  - Diffuse malignant mesothelioma of pleura: diagnostic criteria based on an autopsy
      study.
AB  - Sixteen unequivocal, diffuse malignant mesotheliomas ( DMM ) of pleura and eight
      diffuse pleural tumors simulating DMM , all from autopsied cases, were studied
      with hematoxylin and eosin, mucicarmine, diastase-periodic acid-Schiff ( DPAS ),
      colloidal iron, carcinoembryonic antigen, and keratin immunoperoxidase stains.
      Collagen production by tumor cells when identifiable was diagnostic of DMM and
      was found not only in sarcomatous and "biphasic" mesotheliomas but also focally
      in "epithelial" variants. In "epithelial" areas, a constant nuclear/cytoplasmic
      (N/C) ratio with variable cell size often imparted a distinctive appearance of
      regularity, and mucin-negative DPAS -negative vacuoles or ground-glass
      cytoplasmic zones always could be found. Most metastatic carcinomas featured a
      high N/C ratio; some but not all had mucicarmine-positive or DPAS -positive
      vacuoles. Stains for carcinoembryonic antigen and keratin did not discriminate
      between DMM and metastatic carcinoma. Distant metastases were present in 12 of
      the 16 DMM cases but were clinically occult in 11 cases.

PMID- 6588750
TI  - Confirming evidence for the clonal development and stem cell origin of
      Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - A 74-year old woman with Ph1-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and
      heterozygous for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was studied. Both A and
      B types of G6PD were found in skin. In contrast, white blood cells and platelets
      showed only a single G6PD type A. These results provide further evidence that Ph1
      negative CML has a stem cell origin and develops clonally.

PMID- 6588751
TI  - Cat-eye syndrome with unusual marker chromosome probably not chromosome 22.
AB  - An unusual supernumerary chromosome with a single satellite on the long arm was
      found in a child with manifestations of the cat-eye syndrome including apparently
      low-set and malformed ears, preauricular tags, micrognathia, and imperforate
      anus. Although G-banding suggested that this extra material was chromosome 22,
      this was not confirmed by several other banding techniques. After examination of
      the parents' chromosomes, the nature and origin of this extra chromosome remains
      obscure. We conclude that patients previously diagnosed as having "partial
      trisomy 22" with incomplete cat-eye syndrome may have a different chromosome
      constitution when studied by various banding techniques.

PMID- 6588752
TI  - Linkage analysis in a large kindred with autosomal dominant transmission of
      polyglandular autoimmune disease type II (Schmidt syndrome).
AB  - Schmidt syndrome (PGA syndrome type II) is a rare condition characterized by
      polyglandular failure. It is an autosomal dominant trait with variable
      expressivity that was inherited over four generations in an the Indiana kindred.
      Association of HLA-B8 has been reported with Schmidt syndrome. Our proband is a
      12-year-old boy with Addison disease, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM),
      and vitiligo. Two of his eight sibs had either IDDM (sister) or vitiligo and
      hyperthyroidism (brother). His mother had hypothyroidism. Seven members of
      earlier generations apparently were also affected. We obtained peripheral blood
      for HLA and genetic analysis from 21 relatives in a family with 8 Schmidt
      syndrome individuals in three generations. HLA studies on 15 affected and
      unaffected relatives showed only 2 of 7 persons with B8-containing haplotypes.
      Therefore, no association exists between the B8-containing haplotype and the
      syndrome. We identified informative marker loci. No evidence for linkage of the
      Schmidt locus to any of the 14 markers was found and close linkage to esterase D
      and adenylate kinase and possibly properdin factor B was excluded.

PMID- 6588753
TI  - Central nervous system malformations in the Krakow region. II. Case control
      studies on the human leukocyte antigen genotype and haplotype frequencies.
AB  - A case control study of human leukocyte antigen haplotypes was performed on a
      sample of 44 index families of children with central nervous system (CNS)
      malformation and 36 families of healthy newborn infants. HLA typing for antigens
      determined by loci A, B, and C was done on parents and offspring. The HLA
      genotypes were inferred from segregation in families and the HLA gene and
      haplotype frequencies were obtained by direct gene counting. Case-control
      comparison did not uncover significant differences at any HLA allele. The
      haploytype pattern in the group of index cases did not show association with CNS
      malformations. The HLA phenotype compatibility among the probands' and controls'
      parents was within the same range except for locus C where parents of children
      with neural tube defects (NTD) less frequently shared common HLA-C antigens. The
      segregation of paternal haploytypes showed significant deviation in the families
      of NTD infants.

PMID- 6588754
TI  - The effects of mode of delivery and type of anesthesia on the response of human
      chorionic plate arteries to prostaglandin E2.

PMID- 6588755
TI  - Intensive treatment of severe Class II malocclusions with a headgear-Herbst
      appliance in the early mixed dentition.
AB  - In the correction of large sagittal discrepancies in the relationship between the
      maxilla and the mandible, the orthopedic effect of treatment is often of small
      magnitude when compared with the dentoalveolar changes. A group of patients with
      severe Class II malocclusions were treated to assess the effects of a therapeutic
      approach which specifically took into consideration important factors such as
      type of anchorage, amount of force, age at start of treatment, and intensity of
      treatment to obtain the maximal orthopedic improvement. A special headgear-Herbst
      appliance was designed and short intensive treatment, lasting 5 months, was
      performed in the very early mixed dentition. Comparison with an untreated control
      group revealed the dramatic effects of treatment. The overall average change in
      the sagittal relationship between the maxillary and mandibular teeth was 7.5 mm
      after active treatment. The posteriorly directed effect on the maxilla of 3.1 mm
      was due to a combination of distal movement of the dentoalveolar arch and of
      posterior translation of the basal portion of the maxilla. The anteriorly
      directed effect upon the mandible of 4.4 mm was due mostly to anterior movement
      of the basal part of that bone, with a small part resulting from labial movement
      of the lower incisors. This appeared to be the result of a stimulation of growth
      of the mandibular condyles, a change in mandibular morphology, and an
      anteroinferior change in position of the condyles with a possible anterior
      translation of the glenoid fossa. After a 10-month posttreatment period during
      which an activator was used during the initial 6 months, a new comparison between
      the treated group and the control group was made. Growth continued to the same
      extent in the treated group as in the control group. However, a tendency toward
      relapse in overjet of 2.3 mm was observed, leading to some modifications in the
      treatment approach in recently started cases. A short period of interceptive
      orthopedic treatment in the very early mixed dentition may be indicated to
      correct skeletal deviations and establish a normal relationship between the
      maxilla and the mandible. Treatment could then be followed by a period without
      appliance wear until final dentoalveolar adjustments, if necessary, are made in
      the permanent dentition.

PMID- 6588757
TI  - Variability in three morphologic features of the permanent maxillary central
      incisor.
AB  - Variability in tooth morphology can play a significant role in appliance design
      and the achievable results of orthodontic treatment. This investigation was
      undertaken to determine quantitatively the variation in three anatomic features
      of the maxillary central incisor. The three features are the crown-root
      angulation in a labiolingual direction, the angle formed by a tangent to the
      middle of the labial surface of the crown and the long axis of the crown from a
      proximal view, and the lingual curvature of the crown from a proximal view.
      Tracings of maxillary central incisors were made from two different sources. The
      first source consisted of radiograms of 98 extracted central incisors, and the
      second source was a group of 100 cephalometric radiograms which were part of
      pretreatment records of patients in the Orthodontic Department. The cephalometric
      radiograms included 25 Angle Class I, 25 Class II, Division 1, 25 Class II,
      Division 2, and 25 Class III malocclusions. The first measurement taken was the
      angle formed by the long axis of the crown and the long axis of the root. The
      second measurement was the angle formed by the long axis of the crown and a
      tangent to the midpoint of the labial surface of the crown. For the third
      measurement, the lingual curvature of the crown was described by a mathematical
      equation whose parameters were used for comparisons. The results revealed a wide
      range of variation in the three features measured. The mean crown-root angle for
      Class II, Division 2 malocclusions differed significantly from that for Class II,
      Division 1 and Class III malocclusions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6588756
TI  - Identical twins with bilateral and unilateral clefts: a 20-year study.
AB  - A pair of monozygotic male twins are presented. One subject, with unilateral left
      complete cleft lip and palate, underwent lip surgery at 3 months and palate
      closure at 2 years 2 months. The second twin, with bilateral complete cleft lip
      and palate, underwent these operations at the same times. His lip was closed in
      two stages because of the severely forward positioning of the premaxilla, which
      was surgically set back at 4 years 9 months. Additional surgical intervention
      involved correction of his nose tip at 8 years 9 months. The findings suggest
      that surgical intervention of repositioning of the premaxilla in the bilateral
      cleft twin may have been responsible for the underdeveloped middle third of his
      face and also for the much shorter anterior lower facial height. In spite of
      these, this twin presents acceptable final facial and dental results.

PMID- 6588758
TI  - Neuromuscular patterns in hemifacial microsomia.
AB  - This study was designed to establish the extent of neuromuscular abnormalities in
      different types of hemifacial microsomia and to relate these findings to the
      existing skeletal malformations. Neuromuscular recruitment patterns were
      established in twenty-three normal subjects. These patterns served as baselines
      for comparison with recruitment patterns obtained from forty-eight subjects with
      hemifacial microsomia. The anterior and posterior temporalis, masseter,
      suprahyoid, buccinator, platysma, mentalis, and upper and lower lips were studied
      electromyographically. Consistent presence or absence of recruitment for a given
      task was considered a significant finding with which the hemifacial microsomia
      data were compared. The subjects with hemifacial microsomia were divided into
      five groups according to type of mandibular malformation. Abnormal recruitment
      was found in all recorded muscles except the lips, mentalis, and buccinator
      muscles. There were variations in recruitment patterns within each group as well
      as among the groups. A relationship was found between the development of the
      gonial angle area and the recorded masseter activity. Muscle activity was
      recorded in the area of the temporal muscle, even in the absence of a coronoid
      process. It was found that after insertion into a new coronoid process the
      temporal muscle developed mass and palpable contraction. This study shows that in
      persons with hemifacial microsomia certain neuromuscular patterns may differ from
      the norm because of missing or underdeveloped muscles and because of the
      different relationship between the mandible, its attached muscles, and other
      structures.

PMID- 6588759
TI  - Variability of effective root torque as a function of edge bevel on orthodontic
      arch wires.
AB  - The effective torque delivered by a variety of arch wire-bracket combinations has
      been measured experimentally in terms of the deviation angle, by means of a
      torque-meter apparatus, and compared to theoretical values calculated from both
      nominal and measured bracket slot and wire dimensions. Edgewise brackets with
      both 0.018 and 0.022 inch slot widths from two manufacturers were used, with
      three different arch wire sizes for each slot size. Stainless steel, nickel
      cobalt, and beta titanium wires from a total of three manufacturers were
      employed. The present effective torque values were less than the theoretical
      values previously reported by Dellinger and Creekmore, who had separately focused
      on manufacturer tolerances associated with the wire cross sections and slot
      widths, respectively. Differences between the experimental and theoretical values
      of deviation angle were in agreement with measurements of the wire-bracket
      tolerances and with microscopic observations of differences in the edge bevel at
      the corners of the arch wires. The average edge bevel contribution to the
      measured deviation angle varied from 0.2 degrees to 12.9 degrees for the various
      wire-bracket groups, and the average percentage contribution from 3 to 63%. The
      edge bevel contribution to the deviation angle was higher for stainless steel
      wires than for nickel-cobalt wires marketed as square-cornered. The highest
      deviation angles and edge bevel contributions were found for the beta titanium
      wires.

PMID- 6588760
TI  - Anthropometric proportions in the upper lip-lower lip-chin area of the lower face
      in young white adults.
AB  - The relationships between measurements of the lower lip, chin, upper lip, and
      lower half and lower third of the face were studied. Fifteen new indices were
      formed with the help of eleven vertical linear, one horizontal linear, and two
      surface-arc measurements in the area. Neoclassic canons related to the lower face
      were not confirmed. On the average, the lower lip was 83% to 85% as large as the
      upper lip. The upper lip occupied one third of the lower face, while the lower
      lip occupied more than one third of the lower third of the face and the chin
      occupied the remainder. Skin covered 73.5% of the upper lip in males and 68% in
      females; it covered 63% of the lower lip in males and 61.1% in females. The
      remainder was covered by vermilion, more on the lower than on the upper lip and
      more protruding in females than in males. Proportion standards are a valuable
      contribution to the surface anatomy of the lower face of young white adults.

PMID- 6588761
TI  - Growth of lips in two dimensions: a serial cephalometric study.
AB  - The effect of growth on the cross-sectional area of the lips was studied
      radiographically on 168 lateral cephalometric films of 28 persons, taken every 2
      years from the age of 8 to the age of 18 years. All subjects studied had received
      no orthodontic treatment, and the total lip outline as it is seen on the lateral
      cephalogram was traced and calculated by computerized cephalometry. This method
      of calculating the total lip area, instead of relating lip growth to a single lip
      point, was selected in order to avoid any effect that positional changes of the
      lips may have and subsequently superimpose on lip changes resulting from growth.
      Increase in total lip area, in both numerical and proportional terms, was
      observed from age 8 to age 18 years. The largest incremental growth increase for
      both lips took place between the ages of 12 and 14 years, while no significant
      changes were observed after the age of 16. Tested growth changes for sex
      differences revealed statistically significant sexual dimorphism, with larger
      maxillary lip area in males at ages 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 and larger mandibular
      lip area at 18 years of age, while the females showed significantly larger
      mandibular lip area at age 12.

PMID- 6588762
TI  - Soft-tissue profile preference.
AB  - The relative influence on profile preference of the anteroposterior
      maxillomandibular relation, the lower facial height, and the form of the dorsum
      of the nose is a source of interesting controversy. In order to obtain more
      information on this subject, twenty-seven shadow profile photographs were
      artificially constructed to represent the main characteristics of the nine
      profile types proposed by Sassouni combined with three different kinds of nose
      dorsum. Each series of nine profiles was ranked according to the personal
      esthetic preference of 249 adults (mean age, 23 years). One group of test persons
      (40 females and 91 males) had no orthodontic background, while another group (49
      females and 69 males) had received some orthodontic teaching. Chi-square tests of
      significance showed no significant difference between male and female
      participants in esthetic preference for the sex of a profile. Also, the
      difference in orthodontic knowledge had no significant effect on esthetic
      preference. Nose dorsum changes induced significant differences only in Class II
      normal profiles; convex noses were less appreciated. Calculation of average
      preference values revealed that Class I normal profile types were clearly the
      favored ones, followed by Class I deep profiles. Open profile types, on the
      contrary, were obviously the least appreciated. This sequence indicates that, in
      profile evaluations, vertical profile characteristics could be more important
      than anteroposterior features and that a lengthening of the soft-tissue profile
      is not desirable in most cases. Seven weeks after the first ranking of male
      profiles, 193 persons were retested. The rank correlation values according to
      Kendall showed that one out of four persons ranked profiles significantly
      different in the retest.

PMID- 6588763
TI  - Force measurement and design of a torquing high-pull headgear.
AB  - The dynamic extraoral force analyzer (DEFA) was found to be capable of measuring
      linear deflection as a function of force created by a headgear. Ten standard
      nontorqued face-bows with a cervical and a high-pull direction were tested to
      determine the reliability of the DEFA. Statistical analysis showed the DEFA to be
      reliable and accurate in differentiating various directions and deflections of
      maxillary molars. Doubled-over distal ends of the inner bow with 0 degree of
      torque and a parietal direction of pull were used as controls. The same face-bows
      with 9 degrees of buccal root torque were tested on the DEFA. These face-bows
      were tested to determine whether transverse translation without buccal crown
      tipping of the maxillary first molar will occur. Statistical analysis showed that
      transverse translation occurred at a force of 200 to 347 gm.

PMID- 6588764
TI  - An ADA guide for the future of dentistry.

PMID- 6588765
TI  - Immune factors and recurrent abortion: a review.

PMID- 6588766
TI  - Immunopathologic factors contributing to recurrent spontaneous abortion in
      humans.

PMID- 6588767
TI  - Comparison of Corynebacterium parvum with Freund's complete adjuvant as a
      potentiator of the immune response to beta-human chorionic gonadotropin linked to
      tetanus toxoid.
AB  - Corynebacterium parvum was compared with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) for
      potentiation of the rabbit immune response to beta-human chorionic gonadotropin
      linked to tetanus toxoid (beta-hCG-TT). With each adjuvant, antibodies to hCG
      were detected using passive hemagglutination. Higher antibody titers were
      produced by FCA-treated animals. The ability of antisera to beta-hCG-TT to
      neutralize the biological action of native hCG was determined by the rat uterine
      weight assay. Anti-beta-hCG-TT sera from C. parvum-treated rabbits were not
      significantly different (p greater than 0.10) from FCA potentiated anti-beta-hCG
      TT sera in neutralizing hCG-induced uterine weight gain. C. parvum has potential
      for future application in active immunization studies of fertility regulation.

PMID- 6588768
TI  - Abdominosacral resection for malignant tumors of the sacrum.
AB  - Malignant sacral tumors present unique problems because of their location deep in
      the pelvis, their juxtaposition to the ureters, rectum, and iliac vessels, and
      the need to preserve spinal stability and sacral nerve function after resection.
      The simultaneous abdominosacral resection circumvents many of these problems
      since it provides good exposure of the intraabdominal structures, allows precise
      selection of the level of sacral resection, and avoids damage to the sacral nerve
      roots. Tolerable control of bladder and bowel functions is possible by
      preservation of the S1 nerve roots, and spinal stability can be maintained with
      preservation of the body of the S1 vertebra. Because malignant tumors of the
      sacrum have a high propensity for local recurrence, we believe that the exposure
      afforded by the sacroabdominal approach provides an opportunity to obtain a wide
      margin of resection during initial resection of these tumors.

PMID- 6588769
TI  - Class II, division 2 malocclusion. To extract--or not extract?
AB  - Identical 13-year-old twin boys with Class II, division 2 malocclusions are
      treated at the same time, one with a full complement of teeth and the other with
      extraction of the first bicuspids.

PMID- 6588770
TI  - Lower incisor extraction in orthodontic treatment. Four clinical reports.
AB  - Four different clinical cases in which the treatment plan finally selected
      included the extraction of one lower incisor and reduction of upper anterior
      tooth width.

PMID- 6588771
TI  - Effect of age on the adaptive response of the adult temporomandibular joint. A
      study of induced protrusion in Macaca mulatta.
AB  - Using occlusal and interproximal tooth wear as indicators of age, it is found
      that those animals with evident hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the condylar
      cartilage are among the youngest in the sample, supporting the view that adaptive
      potential of the temporomandibular joint may diminish with age.

PMID- 6588772
TI  - The passive lingual arch in first bicuspid extraction.
AB  - The effects of a passive lingual arch on lower incisor and molar positions after
      extraction of first bicuspids are analyzed. Results indicate that a lingual arch
      can be effective in maintaining arch length, while still allowing normal changes
      in incisor, cuspid and second bicuspid positions.

PMID- 6588773
TI  - Chin cap force to a growing mandible. Long-term clinical reports.
AB  - A detailed evaluation of the changes in mandibular growth of three patients under
      chin cap therapy, based on extended observation with periods of treatment
      alternating with observation periods.

PMID- 6588774
TI  - The death of Clarence Herbert: withdrawing care is not murder.
AB  - Two physicians were charged with murder for discontinuing mechanical ventilation
      and intravenous fluids for a comatose patient. Although these unprecedented
      criminal charges were dismissed, the ruling may give physicians little legal
      reassurance. The case shows the problems in judging prognosis, resolving
      disagreements with staff, and communicating with families. Indirectly the case
      suggests how decision making and the care of dying patients may be improved.
      Physicians will continue to have responsibility for making difficult decisions
      according to their best medical and ethical judgment, despite legal uncertainty.

PMID- 6588776
TI  - Timing and time perception.

PMID- 6588775
TI  - [Acute lymphoblastic leukemia secondary to Ewing's sarcoma treated by a
      combination of surgery-radiotherapy-chemotherapy].
AB  - An acute lymphocytic leukaemia develops in a fourteen years old boy, treated five
      and a half years earlier for an Ewing's sarcoma of the right fibula, by an
      association of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The Ewing's sarcoma is
      still in remission. Chemotherapy induces easily a complete remission. The authors
      discuss the links between the two malignancies and their treatment.

PMID- 6588777
TI  - Temporal order and duration: their discrimination and retention by pigeons.

PMID- 6588778
TI  - Contingent aftereffects in duration judgments.
AB  - It has been shown that judged duration of tones depends on pitch (the kappa
      effect), on order of presentation (the time-order error), and on repetition (a
      negative duration aftereffect). Recently, a duration aftereffect contingent on
      pitch and a duration aftereffect contingent on order of presentation have been
      described. Our results suggest that these contingent duration aftereffects differ
      from the McCollough effect, a color aftereffect contingent on orientation, in two
      ways. They have a relatively short life and they are not symmetrical, in that
      while a pitch-contingent duration aftereffect could be established, a duration
      contingent pitch aftereffect could not. In contrast, the McCollough effect
      persists for days and both an orientation-contingent color aftereffect and a
      color-contingent orientation aftereffect have been reported. A decision theory
      account for contingent duration aftereffects is outlined.

PMID- 6588779
TI  - Contingent aftereffects and situationally coded criteria: discussion paper.

PMID- 6588780
TI  - Motor programming and temporal patterns in handwriting.

PMID- 6588781
TI  - The patterning of time and its effects on perceiving.

PMID- 6588782
TI  - Ultrastable stimulus-response latencies: towards a model of response-stimulus
      synchronization.

PMID- 6588783
TI  - On controlling force and time in rhythmic movement sequences: the effect of
      stress location.
AB  - Accentuation involves modulation of motor intensity. It differentiates a movement
      from others within a motor sequence. Does the serial position of the accent
      characterize the whole sequence as a particular response? How are the control of
      time and force coordinated in the motor sequence? Subjects produced sequences of
      four fingertaps on a key. Time of onset and force of each tap were recorded.
      Tapping rate was imposed by a string of four clicks delivered at 180-msec
      intervals before each trial. A flashed digit served as go signal. It indicated to
      the subject which of the four taps had to be tapped stronger (stress +) or weaker
      (stress -) than all the others. These conditions were run in separate series.
      Reaction time (RT) of the sequence increased when the number of equally likely
      locations of the stress increased from 2 to 4. RT was also longer under the
      stress - than under the stress + condition. Tapping intervals were longer before
      and after the stressed tap than elsewhere in the series. The first and last
      intervals tended to be longer than the second one. These effects were the same
      under both stress conditions. The RT data indicate that the motor sequence is
      identified as a particular response before it starts. Timing is partly force
      independent, but is modulated by central processes that control force.

PMID- 6588784
TI  - Motor disorder and the timing of repetitive movements.
AB  - This paper is concerned with the timing of regular repetitive movements. The two
      process model of Wing and Kristofferson attributes variability in self-paced
      interresponse intervals to imprecision in a timekeeper and to temporal noise in
      the execution of motor responses triggered by the timekeeper. Assuming
      independence of timekeeper intervals and motor delays, the variance of each may
      be estimated from interresponse-interval statistics. Comparison of changes in
      timing performance associated with alterations in motor-system functioning offer
      the possibility of a new approach to investigation of this model. Illustrative
      data are presented from a case study of a patient with Parkinson's disease whose
      lesions affecting the dopaminergic pathways of the basal ganglia have given rise
      to asymmetric symptoms, including differences in timing performance of the two
      hands. Analysis of interresponse-interval variability according to the two
      process model indicates that the elevated variability of the side more greatly
      affected by parkinsonism is attributable to the timekeeper intervals rather than
      the motor delays.

PMID- 6588785
TI  - Timing of motor programs and temporal patterns: discussion paper.

PMID- 6588786
TI  - Motivational and response factors in temporal differentiation.

PMID- 6588787
TI  - Relative time in trace conditioning.

PMID- 6588788
TI  - The function of time discrimination and classical conditioning.
AB  - This paper makes three main points: There are many similarities between man-made
      rules for detecting causality and "laws" of classical conditioning, presumably
      generated by nature. They suggest that the function of classical conditioning
      resembles the detection of causality. There are twelve similarities between the
      clock used by rats to discriminate time and a stopwatch. They suggest that the
      rat's clock, like a stopwatch, was designed for measuring unknown durations.
      There are eight similarities between time discrimination and classical
      conditions. In particular, whether or not a stimulus is timed depends on the
      signal value of the stimulus. The similarities suggest that time discrimination
      and classical conditioning - their underlying mechanisms - have similar
      functions.

PMID- 6588789
TI  - Time and contingency in classical conditioning.

PMID- 6588790
TI  - Timing competence and timing performance: a cross-species approach.

PMID- 6588791
TI  - The integration of reinforcements over time.

PMID- 6588792
TI  - Time horizons of foraging animals.

PMID- 6588793
TI  - Timing in animal learning and behavior: discussion paper.

PMID- 6588795
TI  - Quantal and deterministic timing in human duration discrimination.

PMID- 6588794
TI  - Attentional effort and cognitive strategies in the processing of temporal
      information.

PMID- 6588796
TI  - The perception of temporal events.

PMID- 6588797
TI  - Time and memory.
AB  - Standard animal memory tasks require judgments of event recency: Delayed matching
      to sample (DMTS) requires that the animal identify the stimulus seen most
      recently; radial-maze-type (RM) tasks require that the animal identify the place
      visited least recently. Delayed-reaction tasks are intermediate. I argue that
      time discrimination (temporal control) and event memory call on the same
      processes: Proactive and retroactive effects occur in both, brief events have
      less effect than protracted events, and increases in event duration have smaller
      and smaller effects. If the "ages" of past events are represented by animals in a
      way consistent with Weber's and Jost's laws, and if there is a limit to the
      number of different recencies that can be discriminated, then the major
      differences between these three types of memory task can be explained. DMTS
      performance is poor because the animal must discriminate between two sets of
      recencies (memory arrays) that differ only in respect of the most recent event;
      RM performance is good because the recencies of places visited on the current
      versus earlier trials are always clearly discriminable.

PMID- 6588798
TI  - Temporal variables in delayed matching to sample.

PMID- 6588799
TI  - Timing, learning, and forgetting.
AB  - A computer-simulation model (AL) was developed for molecular and molar operant
      conditioning data. AL assumes a simple forgetting rule and all-or-nothing
      associations between memory representations of responses and reinforcers. AL
      describes acquisition and steady-state behavior in both concurrent interresponse
      time (IRT) schedules and in ordinary concurrent schedules. It describes functions
      relating the relative frequency of an IRT to IRT duration and to reinforcement
      frequency. AL accurately predicts for ordinary concurrent variable-interval
      schedules that the log ratio of responses to the two alternatives is a linear
      function of the log ratio of the reinforcers they deliver, and that the slope of
      this straight line approximates the degree of undermatching that characterizes
      the behavior of real animals. In addition, AL successfully describes the fact
      that in real data of Nevin, Heyman, and others, the probability of a changeover
      from one response to the other is roughly independent of the number of
      consecutive responses to the same alternative preceding the changeover. A
      previous version of AL assimilated data on temporal psychophysics, such as that
      animals bisect two temporal intervals at the geometric mean, and that the Weber
      fraction in DRL schedules is approximately constant. AL therefore describes
      transient and steady-state molecular and molar performances as well as data on
      temporal psychophysics.

PMID- 6588800
TI  - A model for temporal generalization and discrimination.

PMID- 6588801
TI  - Time's role for information, processing, and normalization.

PMID- 6588802
TI  - Time in cognitive processing and memory: discussion paper.

PMID- 6588803
TI  - Timing of two-handed rhythmic performance.

PMID- 6588804
TI  - Processing of rhythmic sound structures by birds.

PMID- 6588805
TI  - Timing in musical performance.

PMID- 6588806
TI  - Perception, production, and imitation of time ratios by skilled musicians.
AB  - We have described our exploration of the judgment, production, and imitation of
      fractions of a beat by skilled musicians, illustrating our findings with data
      from violinist and conductor Paul Zukofsky. For small fractions we found
      systematic and substantial errors. In the judgment task small stimulus fractions
      are associated with names that are too large (overestimation). In both production
      and imitation tasks the fractions produced were too large (overproduction,
      overimitation). A summary of our findings and of the expectations they violate is
      provided in Figure 7. The temporal patterns we used are perhaps the simplest that
      qualify as rhythms, incorporating just a beat interval and a fraction. The
      phenomena we discovered in relation to these simple patterns, and their
      implications for underlying mechanisms, must be considered in attempts to
      understand the perception and production of more complex rhythms, as in actual
      music. We explored and rejected several plausible explanations for the
      overestimation and overproduction of small fractions. Although we have as yet no
      satisfactory explanations of the errors themselves, relations among the errors
      have powerful implications for human timing mechanisms. The relation between the
      errors in judgment and production requires us to reject a feedback model of
      production, in which a subject uses the same processes as in the judgment task to
      evaluate and adjust his performance in the production task. An explanation of the
      inconsistency between judgment and production seems most likely to lie in a
      change in time perception induced by the production task. Together with the
      existence of systematic errors in judgment, the equality of the errors in
      production and imitation argues that imitation is not accomplished by
      concatenating all the processes used in judgment and production. Our results are
      instead consistent with a model containing four internal transformation
      processes, in which judgment and production share no process, but do involve the
      same internal-fraction representation, and in which imitation shares one process
      with judgment and another with production.

PMID- 6588807
TI  - Subjective duration in rats: the psychophysical function.

PMID- 6588808
TI  - Circadian timing.

PMID- 6588809
TI  - Daily meal anticipation: interaction of circadian and interval timing.
AB  - Both short-interval and circadian timing systems support anticipatory response
      accelerations prior to food reinforcement. In the first case, the behavior
      pattern is determined by a scalar timing process with an arbitrary-reset
      property. In contrast, under daily cycles of food-availability, behavior reflects
      a self-sustaining oscillation. With rats as subjects, the concurrent operation of
      timing of both kinds was studied by addition of premeal auditory cues on the
      circadian baseline, in the absence of a day-night illumination cycle. Cues within
      both minute and hour ranges served to lower the level of premeal anticipatory
      responding, although exponential accelerations were similar to the uncued case.
      Cues within the minutes range yielded interval-timing functions that reflected
      approximate superposition. Cues within the hours range suppressed respondings at
      their outset, in proportion to cue duration. When one of the shorter cues was
      suddenly lengthened, short-interval accelerations appeared at inappropriate
      circadian phases. When a premeal cue was extended through mealtime, anticipation
      rates increased markedly, suggesting that cue termination at the start of
      mealtime is a potent anchor for premeal anticipation regardless of cue duration.
      By use of meal-omission probes without external cues, peak rates were located
      after the onset of expected mealtime, often near its termination. The results
      suggest interactions between the scalar interval timer and the circadian
      anticipation timer, as modulated by the circadian free-run timer.

PMID- 6588810
TI  - Reproductive mechanisms: interaction of circadian and interval timing.

PMID- 6588811
TI  - Incentive theory III: Adaptive clocks.
AB  - Incentive theory is extended to address the phenomenon of autoshaping. To do so,
      it is necessary to permit the speed of the animal's internal clock to vary with
      rates of reinforcement; clock speed is the basis for the animal's calculations of
      reinforcement densities. This notion of an "adaptive clock" is consistent with
      other effects, such as the partial-reinforcement extinction effect, and permits
      us to deal with the various experimental manipulations that are found in
      autoshaping experiments from a unified perspective.

PMID- 6588812
TI  - Scalar timing in memory.

PMID- 6588813
TI  - Attentional bias between modalities: effect on the internal clock, memory, and
      decision stages used in animal time discrimination.
AB  - Both the presentation of unbalanced stimulus probabilities and the insertion of a
      predictive cue prior to the signal on each trial apparently induces a strong bias
      to use a particular stimulus modality in order to select a temporal criterion and
      response rule. This attentional bias toward one modality is apparently
      independent of the modality of the stimulus being timed and is strongly
      influenced by stimulus probabilities or prior warning cues. These techniques may
      be useful to control trial-by-trial sequential effects that influence a subject's
      perceptual and response biases when signals from more than one modality are used
      in duration discrimination tasks. Cross-procedural generality of the effects of
      attentional bias was observed. An asymmetrical modality effect on the latency to
      begin timing was observed with both the temporal bisection and the peak
      procedure. The latency to begin timing light signals, but not the latency to
      begin timing sound signals, was increased when the signal modality was
      unexpected. This asymmetrical effect was explained with the assumption that sound
      signals close the mode switch automatically, but that light signals close the
      mode switch only if attention is directed to the light. The time required to
      switch attention is reflected in a reduction of the number of pulses from the
      pacemaker that enter the accumulator. One positive aspect of this work is the
      demonstration that procedures similar to those used to study human cognition can
      be used with animal subjects with similar results. Perhaps these similarities
      will stimulate animal research on the physiological basis of various cognitive
      capacities. Animal subjects would be preferred for such physiological
      experimentation if it were established that they possessed some of the cognitive
      processes described by investigators of human information processing. One of the
      negative aspects of this work is that only one combination of modalities was used
      and variables such as stimulus intensity, stimulus probability, and range of
      signal durations have not been adequately investigated at present. Future work
      might test additional combinations of modalities and vary stimulus intensity and
      stimulus probability within a signal detection theory (SDT) framework to
      determine the effects of these variables on attentional bias.

PMID- 6588814
TI  - Temporal rhythms and cerebral rhythms.
AB  - A model for the internal clock is briefly described. It includes a temporal
      pacemaker whose rate determines time judgments, and whose frequency is affected
      by arousal specific to it. Three hypotheses relating time judgments and the alpha
      rhythm are considered: (a) They may be wholly independent, each reflecting the
      specific arousal of the mechanism determining it. (b) The alpha rhythm may be an
      index of a state of general arousal which also acts on the temporal pacemaker.
      Because of this common influence, the alpha frequency, and the proportion of
      alpha in the electroencephalogram, may be correlated with the speed of the
      temporal pacemaker. (c) The same pacemaker may be common to the internal clock
      and an alpha rhythm generator. Concurrent observations on alpha frequency, alpha
      prevalence, and temporal productions show that there are no simple relations
      between these measures such as might support the general arousal or common
      pacemaker hypotheses. However, relations are found between the variables. More or
      less regular oscillations occur in their values, some of which are common to two
      or more of the variables studied. These phenomena are further investigated and
      described.

PMID- 6588815
TI  - Properties of the internal clock.
AB  - Evidence has been cited for the following properties of the parts of the
      psychological process used for timing intervals: The pacemaker has a mean rate
      that can be varied by drugs, diet, and stress. The switch has a latency to
      operate and it can be operated in various modes, such as run, stop, and reset.
      The accumulator times up, in absolute, arithmetic units. Working memory can be
      reset on command or, after lesions have been created in the fimbria fornix, when
      there is a gap in a signal. The transformation from the accumulator to reference
      memory is done with a multiplicative constant that is affected by drugs, lesions,
      and individual differences. The comparator uses a ratio between the value in the
      accumulator (or working memory) and reference memory. Finally, there must be
      multiple switch-accumulator modules to handle simultaneous temporal processing;
      and the psychological timing process may be used on some occasions and not on
      others.

PMID- 6588816
TI  - Time perception: discussion paper.

PMID- 6588817
TI  - The representation of mental activities in critical path networks.

PMID- 6588818
TI  - Timing perturbations with complex auditory stimuli.

PMID- 6588820
TI  - Brain and information: event-related potentials.

PMID- 6588819
TI  - The late positive complex. Advances and new problems.
AB  - In summary, what we have tried to do in this paper is to present our view of the
      ways in which the ERP field has become more complex in recent years. It is not an
      overstatement to say that, in a certain sense, we know less now than we thought
      we knew five to ten years ago. New advances have brought with them new problems.
      But they also point, though not yet with complete clarity, to directions for new
      solutions. Possibly, as we make further progress toward the definition of various
      generators for different components, our problems may be simplified. But even
      this prediction cannot be made with certainty. It should be noted that we have
      tended in this chapter to emphasize the problems. There has also been a positive
      side to the recent developments. Because we are more aware of the overlap
      problem, we now work with methods that attempt to deal with it. We now know, for
      example, that P3b and SW can relate quite differently to behavioral variables.
      Decision time, which we had thought occurred at P3 latency, can now be assumed on
      the basis of recent findings to occur earlier, at the N2 component. The
      separation of the formerly unitary CNV into several components makes it more
      possible to develop unique functional roles for each of the components. A similar
      development has occurred with the separation of the poststimulus negativities
      into several components. Our constructs for various components are still on the
      fuzzy side, but the field has better tools at its disposal for making them more
      precise. Finally, the multiplicity of components, which appears overwhelming
      initially, provides us with more degrees of freedom in attempting to relate
      electrophysiological activity to behavior. A number of investigators have
      commented that the complexity of factors that enter into behavior could not be
      reflected in the relatively few ERP components we were dealing with. Now that
      more components are coming to be distinguished, the likelihood increases that we
      may be able to obtain ERP correlates of more of the dimensions involved in
      behavior.

PMID- 6588821
TI  - Event-related potentials to stroop stimuli. Color and word processing.

PMID- 6588822
TI  - Hemispheric differences in event-related potentials to stroop stimuli. Attention
      and color-word processing.

PMID- 6588823
TI  - To fixate or not to fixate. The problem of undetected strabismic subjects in
      visual evoked potential research.

PMID- 6588824
TI  - Learning of "single trial" and "contextual" information processing in an odd-ball
      paradigm.

PMID- 6588825
TI  - Verbal information processing and hemispheric AEP asymmetry.

PMID- 6588826
TI  - Contingent negative variation and slow waves in a short interstimulus interval go
      nogo task situation.

PMID- 6588827
TI  - Posterior alpha activity during vertex-CNV formation under different stimulating
      conditions. A new approach.

PMID- 6588828
TI  - The P40 and P100 processing positivities that precede P300 closure in serial
      somatosensory decision tasks.

PMID- 6588829
TI  - Effects of stimulus coding on the contingent negative variation recorded in an
      information processing task.

PMID- 6588830
TI  - The effects of probability and discriminability on the evoked potentials to
      unpredictable stimuli.

PMID- 6588831
TI  - Evoked potentials to consonant-vowel syllables in a memory scanning task.

PMID- 6588832
TI  - Hemispheric differences in event-related potential measures of selective
      attention.

PMID- 6588833
TI  - Slow potentials during speech processing.

PMID- 6588834
TI  - Category scaling of the interest value of complex visual stimuli and late
      positive components of the evoked potential.

PMID- 6588835
TI  - P300: a model of the variables controlling its amplitude.

PMID- 6588836
TI  - A psychophysiological analysis of bargaining. ERPs and facial expressions.

PMID- 6588837
TI  - Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) elicited by novel stimuli during sentence
      processing.

PMID- 6588838
TI  - Cognition and event-related potentials. I. The relation of negative potentials
      and cognitive processes.

PMID- 6588839
TI  - A comparison of early event-related potentials in two target detection tasks.

PMID- 6588840
TI  - Selective attention effects on somatosensory event-related potentials.

PMID- 6588841
TI  - The precentral somatosensory evoked potential.

PMID- 6588842
TI  - Nasopharyngeal recordings of endogenous event-related potentials.

PMID- 6588843
TI  - Bilateral distribution of the O wave.

PMID- 6588844
TI  - Distribution of latent components related to information processing.

PMID- 6588845
TI  - Event-related potentials during naming.

PMID- 6588846
TI  - CNV and myogenic functions. I. Muscle tension produces a dissociation of CNV and
      EMG.

PMID- 6588847
TI  - CNV and myogenic functions. II. Divided attention produces a double dissociation
      of CNV and EMG.

PMID- 6588848
TI  - The event-related potential as an index of the processing demands of a complex
      target acquisition task.

PMID- 6588849
TI  - Developmental aspects of event-related potentials.

PMID- 6588850
TI  - Visual evoked responses in dyslexic children.

PMID- 6588851
TI  - Changes in the late task-related brain potentials during adolescence.

PMID- 6588853
TI  - Age, stimulant drug, and practice effects on P3 latency and concurrent reaction
      time.

PMID- 6588854
TI  - Evoked potentials and P300 during sensory conditioning in autistic children.

PMID- 6588852
TI  - Electrocortical activity (evoked potentials) and dopamine metabolism
      (homovanillic acid) in normal and emotionally disturbed children.

PMID- 6588855
TI  - Event-related potential studies of cerebral specialization during reading. A
      comparison of normally hearing and congenitally deaf adults.

PMID- 6588856
TI  - Developmental changes in slow cortical potentials of young children with elevated
      body lead burden. Neurophysiological considerations.
AB  - The effects of age and blood lead level (PbB) on slow cortical potentials
      elicited during classical conditioning were studied in children aged 13 to 75
      months. At normal PbB levels (less than 30 micrograms/dl), SW voltage tended to
      be positive in children under five years old and negative in children over five
      years. A reverse age-related polarity shift was observed in children with
      elevated PbB levels (Otto et al., 1981). Evidence indicative of excitatory (or
      disinhibitory) effects of Pb exposure in immature animals (associated with
      hyperactivity in animals and children) was reviewed. Reversals in locomotor
      activity (hypoactivity) and electroconvulsive activity have also been noted in
      adult animals exposed to Pb as pups. Neurophysiological evidence suggests that
      slow surface-positive potentials in very young children may reflect axodendritic
      inhibitory processes. As the cortex matures, the locus of inhibitory activity
      shifts deeper to axosomatic connections. Negative slow potentials observed in
      older children, therefore, are presumed to reflect the surface negative
      (dendritic depolarization), depth positive (somatic hyperpolarization) dipole
      hypothesized by McSherry (1973) as the neurophysiological substrate of the CNV.
      Although the developmental model of the CNV proposed here is based on preliminary
      data and is clearly speculative, the implications of the model and data merit
      consideration. Positive shifts observed in very young children during the CS-UCS
      interval suggest why previous investigators have had great difficulty in
      eliciting contingent negative variation in subjects younger than five years. The
      data also suggest that body Pb burden at any level produces an observable effect
      on CNS function. Further study is needed to replicate and clarify these findings.

PMID- 6588857
TI  - Evoked potentials related to hair cadmium and lead in children.

PMID- 6588858
TI  - Cognition and event-related potentials. II. The orienting reflex and P300.

PMID- 6588859
TI  - Habituation of the event-related potential in elderly and young subjects.

PMID- 6588860
TI  - Movement-associated potentials and motor control. Report of the EPIC VI Motor
      Panel.

PMID- 6588861
TI  - Cerebral potentials preceding visually triggered saccades.

PMID- 6588862
TI  - The influence of response side on the readiness potential prior to finger and
      foot movements. A preliminary report.

PMID- 6588863
TI  - A developmental study of movement-related brain macropotentials during skilled
      performances.

PMID- 6588864
TI  - Movement-related ERPs during right vs. left hand squeeze. Effects of age, motor
      control, and independence of components.

PMID- 6588865
TI  - Brain potentials associated with voluntary manual tracking:
      bereitschaftspotential, conditioned premotion positivity, directed attention
      potential, and relaxation potential. Anticipatory activity of the limbic and
      frontal cortex.

PMID- 6588866
TI  - Cognitive potentials and skill acquisition in sports.

PMID- 6588867
TI  - Hemispheric asymmetry of feedback-related slow negative potential shifts in a
      positioning movement task.

PMID- 6588868
TI  - Bereitschaftspotential of pianists.

PMID- 6588869
TI  - Event-related changes of fast rhythmic EEG activity in a positioning movement
      task.

PMID- 6588870
TI  - Movement-related potentials in children. A replication of waveforms, and their
      relationships to age, performance and cognitive development.

PMID- 6588872
TI  - Frontal evoked responses, stimulus intensity control, and the extraversion
      dimension.

PMID- 6588871
TI  - ERPs and Psychopathology. I. Behavioral process issues.
AB  - The clinical study of ERPs has an inherent defect--a self-selection of clinical
      populations that hampers equating of clinically defined groups on factors
      extraneous to the independent variables. Such ex post facto studies increase the
      likelihood of confounding variables in the interpretation of findings. Hence, the
      development of lawful relationships between clinical variables and ERPs is
      impeded and the fulfillment of description, explanation, prediction, and control
      in brain science is thwarted. Proper methodologies and theory development can
      increase the likelihood of establishing these lawful relationships. One
      methodology of potential value in the clinical application of ERPs, particularly
      in studies of aging, is that of divided attention. Two promising theoretical
      developments in the understanding of brain functioning and aging are the
      distraction-arousal hypothesis and the controlled-automatic attention model. The
      evaluation of ERPs in the study of brain-behavior relations in clinical
      populations might be facilitated by the differentiation of concurrent,
      predictive, content, and construct validities.

PMID- 6588873
TI  - Ethanol and the event-related evoked potentials. Effects of rate of stimulus
      presentation and task difficulty.

PMID- 6588874
TI  - Multiparametric outlines with CNV. Application to depressive syndromes.

PMID- 6588875
TI  - Event-related potential correlates of intelligence and personality.

PMID- 6588876
TI  - Effects of stimulus sequence on P300 and reaction time in schizophrenics. A
      preliminary report.

PMID- 6588877
TI  - Anxiety, stress, and contingent negative variation reconsidered.

PMID- 6588878
TI  - P300 latency in chronic alcoholics and depressed patients. A preliminary report.

PMID- 6588879
TI  - Electrocortical measures of information processing deficit in anhedonia.

PMID- 6588880
TI  - Slow potentials and interferences in evaluation of psychotropic drugs.

PMID- 6588881
TI  - Evoked potential correlates of information processing and habituation in
      depressive illness.

PMID- 6588882
TI  - The effects of anxiety and expectancy on the CNV.

PMID- 6588883
TI  - Alcoholism, organicity and event-related potentials.

PMID- 6588884
TI  - An international pilot study of CNV in mental illness. Second report.

PMID- 6588885
TI  - A second baseline in relating ERP and measured psychopathology.

PMID- 6588886
TI  - P300 and psychiatric vulnerability in university students.

PMID- 6588887
TI  - Biofeedback of event-related potentials.

PMID- 6588888
TI  - Potential-related events. Reaction time tasks contingent upon frontal lobe slow
      potential shifts.

PMID- 6588889
TI  - The brain-trigger design. A powerful tool to investigate brain-behavior
      relations.

PMID- 6588890
TI  - Pain influence on brain preparatory sets.

PMID- 6588891
TI  - Anatomical and physiological substrates of event-related potentials. Two case
      studies.

PMID- 6588892
TI  - Evoked neuromagnetic fields.

PMID- 6588893
TI  - Event-related potentials: Whence? Where? Whither?

PMID- 6588894
TI  - Clinical aspects of life-threatening arrhythmias.

PMID- 6588896
TI  - Torsade de pointes: definitions, causative factors, and therapy: experience with
      sixteen patients.

PMID- 6588895
TI  - Vasospasm and ventricular arrhythmias.

PMID- 6588897
TI  - Ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death in athletes.

PMID- 6588898
TI  - Clinical experience with the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.

PMID- 6588899
TI  - Prehospital cardiac arrest survivors: classification of risk groups on the basis
      of electrophysiologic testing.

PMID- 6588900
TI  - Proarrhythmic effects of antiarrhythmic drugs.

PMID- 6588901
TI  - Technology impact: potential directions for laboratory medicine.

PMID- 6588902
TI  - Electron probe microanalysis for clinical investigations: microdrop and soft
      tissue analysis.

PMID- 6588903
TI  - Protein variants in human cells: enumeration by protein indexing.

PMID- 6588904
TI  - Protein indexing in leukemias and lymphomas.

PMID- 6588905
TI  - Detection of cancer-related proteins by two-dimensional electrophoresis.

PMID- 6588906
TI  - Analysis of normal subset-specific and disease-specific human leukocyte proteins
      by cell sorting and two-dimensional electrophoresis.

PMID- 6588907
TI  - The computer in microbiology: future applications in test performance and
      reporting.
AB  - The use of minicomputers dedicated to laboratory use offers the greatest hope for
      continued progress in computerization of clinical microbiology. Such systems can
      be interfaced with microcomputers performing discrete tasks within the laboratory
      and with larger computers to form a total hospital or interhospital information
      system. As such systems are designed they should include features that allow
      ready access to the microbiologic data without reentry of primary results or
      delays of days to weeks. Many of these features have been accomplished in
      existing laboratory systems.

PMID- 6588908
TI  - Transcutaneous bilirubin monitoring of newborns.
AB  - Using skin jaundice measurements as an index of infant bilirubin status is
      subject to a number of uncertainties as described by many investigators. They are
      illustrated by the experience with a commercial device described here. In view of
      the widespread need for a quantitative measurement that can replace the visual
      inspections and subjective evaluations of jaundice being routinely used in
      clinical settings, such jaundice meters are likely to gain increasing acceptance.
      We expect future research to include more studies on: (1) reflectance spectra or
      multiple wavelength measurements for SBI; (2) quality control needed for SBI
      determinations; (3) the relative significance of physiological factors that
      influence tissue bilirubin deposits; and (4) the comparative significance of
      blood versus tissue bilirubin concentrations as true indicators of potential
      nervous tissue damage.

PMID- 6588909
TI  - An implantable electrochemical glucose sensor.

PMID- 6588911
TI  - Identification and quantitative analysis of tissue particulate burden.
AB  - The analysis of particles in tissue samples, especially in lung tissue samples,
      has been of great use diagnostically and in the search for more precise
      information on the etiology of occupational/environmental diseases. There is a
      strong need for an interdisciplinary approach involving patients,
      epidemiologists, clinicians, pathologists, toxicologists, and microscopists if
      advancement in the recognition, diagnosis, and prevention of disease is to
      proceed.

PMID- 6588910
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of human leukemias and lymphomas:
      applications of flow cytometry.

PMID- 6588913
TI  - Electron probe analysis of biological fluids: possibilities and limitations.

PMID- 6588912
TI  - New techniques for the elemental analysis of the myocardium: application to the
      study of ischemia.

PMID- 6588914
TI  - Malformations in nonlimb structures induced by acetazolamide and other inhibitors
      of carbonic anhydrase.

PMID- 6588915
TI  - Treatment of gastric ulcer with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.

PMID- 6588916
TI  - The use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in ophthalmology and clinical medicine.

PMID- 6588917
TI  - Experience with the Sauflon 70 (Lidofilcon A) soft contact lenses for extended
      wear in myopia.
AB  - Sixty-four myopic patients were studied who wear the Sauflon 70 (Lidofilcon A)
      lens on an extended wear basis. The study showed that this lens is safe and
      effective for extended wear. It is a durable lens and can be sterilized by heat
      as well as chemical means, but seems to develop calcium deposits at the same
      ratio as other extended-wear lenses used for the correction of myopia.

PMID- 6588918
TI  - Loa loa: ocular filariasis in an African student in Missouri.
AB  - Ocular filariasis was observed in an African student living in Missouri. The
      adult female Loa loa worm was seen migrating under the conjunctiva. There was 34%
      eosinophilia and a high microfilaremia. The patient was successfully treated with
      diethylcarbamazine (Hetrazan) with no appearance of allergic manifestations.

PMID- 6588919
TI  - [Major hypergammaglobulinemia preceding erythroleukemia (M6) in a child].

PMID- 6588920
TI  - Bioactivity of imipenem as a function of medium, time, and temperature.
AB  - The bioactivity of imipenem at 20 micrograms/ml in various agar and broth media
      which are commonly used in susceptibility test assays was measured at different
      storage temperatures over time. Imipenem was found to be more stable at 4 degrees
      C than at -20 degrees C and least stable in all media at 35 degrees C.

PMID- 6588921
TI  - Some species of human leukocyte interferon are glycosylated.
AB  - The carbohydrate content of all of the species of human leukocyte interferon (IFN
      alpha) which have been derived from patients with chronic myelogeneous leukemia
      (CML) and purified to homogeneity has now been determined. Amino sugar content
      was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorescamine
      detection of acid hydrolysates of each sample. Two species showed significant
      amounts of glucosamine. Most of the purified species of leukocyte interferon from
      a myeloblast cell line were also tested, and two species were found to contain
      sugar residues. These forms also differed from the CML interferons in that they
      revealed the presence of greater amounts of galactosamine. The apparent lack of
      carbohydrate in some of the higher-molecular-weight species of interferon
      implicated factors other than glycosylation in the molecular weight differences.
      The results indicate that some species of IFN-alpha are glycosylated to various
      degrees.

PMID- 6588922
TI  - [Diagnostic values of type III Procollagen N-terminal peptide and combination
      assay of type III procollagen N-terminal peptide with CEA and CA 19-9 in gastric
      cancer].
AB  - It is known that interstitial collagens are initially synthesized as precursors
      (procollagen), which possess extra peptide segments at both ends of the
      molecules. The authors attempted to detect the aminoterminal peptide of type III
      procollagen (type III-N-peptide) and also to measure the carcinoembryonic antigen
      (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA 19-9) together in sera of patients with
      gastric cancer. The results showed that: (1) mean serum levels and positive
      ratios of the type III-N-peptide increased as the clinical stage of the patients
      with gastric cancer advanced; (2) serum levels of the type III-N-peptide were not
      correlated either with those of CEA or CA 19-9; (3) positive ratios of type III-N
      peptide, CEA and CA 19-9 were 51.7%, 44.8% and 48.3%, respectively: (4) positive
      ratio in combination of the type III-N-peptide with CEA was 69.3% and that in
      combination of the type III-N-peptide with CEA and CA 19-9 was 72.4%. These
      results suggest that type III-N-peptide is available for diagnosis of gastric
      cancer and, that the combination assay of type III-N-peptide with CEA and CA 19-9
      is more effective than a single assay for diagnosis.

PMID- 6588923
TI  - [Effects of interferon and its inducers on neutrophil chemiluminescence].
AB  - In order to evaluate effects of interferon (IFN) and its inducers on neutrophil
      functions, neutrophil chemiluminescence (ChL) was assayed in 12 patients treated
      with IFN (human lymphoblastoid interferon, 3.0 X 10(6) units/day i.m. daily) or
      Ge-132 (2,250 mg/day p.o. daily). The peak levels of neutrophil ChL, assayed one
      week after the initiation of treatment, were increased in comparison to those
      before treatment, but one month after treatment they were decreased to
      pretreatment levels in spite of the daily administration of the agent. On the
      basis of these results, it was concluded that IFN and Ge-132 enhanced the host
      defence mechanism including the activation of neutrophils, which appeared at the
      early phase of the host reaction.

PMID- 6588924
TI  - [Effects of single administration of tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) in
      lymphoid malignancy].
AB  - Of 3 patients with adult ALL and 23 patients with NHL treated with intravenous
      administration of 10 mg/M2 of THP for 5 consecutive days, complete remission was
      observed in 3 patients and partial remission in 14. The antitumor spectrum of THP
      seemed to be similar to that of Adriamycin from evidence that THP was effective
      in patients with NHL of diffuse large and mixed cell type. Neither cardiotoxicity
      nor alopecia was noticed. Anorexia, nausea or vomiting was mild but
      granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were severe in the patients with ALL and
      leukemic type NHL. Further studies are required for determining cross resistance
      to other anthracyclines and an optimal dose schedule.

PMID- 6588925
TI  - [Combination chemotherapy of N(4)-behenoyl-1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine,
      aclarubicin, 6-MP, and prednisolone (BH-AC. AMP therapy) for adult acute non
      lymphocytic leukemia].
AB  - Sixteen of 20 patients(80%) with adult ANLL treated with B H-AC X AMP therapy
      attained complete remission (CR). According to the FAB classification, CR rate
      was 6 out of 8 (75%) for M1, 3 out of 5 (60%) for M2, 2 out of 2 (100%) for M3,
      and 5 out of 5 (100%) for M4. The median of remission duration in 16 patients who
      attained CR was 8 months and appeared to be longer in patients with M2, rather
      than other types, of leukemia than in those with the other types of leukemia. BH
      AC X AMP therapy is highly effective for remission induction in adult ANLL and
      long term disease free survival could be expected by addition of appropriate
      maintenance therapy.

PMID- 6588926
TI  - [Perspectives in prenatal or premorbid diagnosis of neurogenetic disorders].

PMID- 6588927
TI  - Localized blast crisis in the spleen in a patient with chronic myelocytic
      leukemia.

PMID- 6588928
TI  - Pseudallescheria boydii in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Pseudallescheria boydii, a common soil organism, is best known as the causative
      agent of mycetoma. Isolation of the organism from sites other than the
      extremities is relatively uncommon. However, the use of corticosteroids and
      cancer chemotherapy has been associated with an increasing frequency of localized
      superinfection as well as disseminated disease. Recently, an increased number of
      disseminated P boydii infections, primarily associated with immunosuppressed
      patients, has been reported in the literature. We diagnosed an additional case of
      P boydii in a 16-year-old boy who had acute lymphoblastic leukemia and manifested
      a disseminated infection during reinduction chemotherapy. The unusual features of
      this case were the extent of organ involvement, which was more wide-spread than
      previously noted in the literature, and the presence of conidia in sections of an
      endocardial thrombus.

PMID- 6588929
TI  - CSF cholinesterase activity in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was studied as a
      possible marker for central cholinergic neuronal function in seven patients with
      Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. No significant differences were found between
      CSF AChE activity in untreated or haloperidol-treated patients and control
      populations. These data do not appear to support a pathophysiologic association
      between the cholinergic system and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6588930
TI  - Incorporation of inorganic [35S]-sulphate into glycoproteins of rat buccal and
      palatal minor salivary glands in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - The incorporation of sodium [35S]-sulphate into the buccal and palatal minor
      glands of the albino rat was studied in vivo and in vitro. The biosynthesis of
      35S-labelled macromolecules possessing the characteristics of sulphated
      glycoproteins was evident in both. Uptake of [35S]-sulphate into the palatal
      tissue in vivo was more rapid (approx. 10-fold at 2 h) and produced compounds of
      higher specific activity by comparison with buccal extracts. Following in-vitro
      culture in the presence of [35S]-sulphate, the 35S-labelled glycoproteins
      secreted into the medium contained a greater proportion of lower molecular-weight
      products and were of higher specific activity (in the range 10-20-fold greater)
      than those in the tissue fraction. No sulphated glycosaminoglycans were apparent
      in any of the products isolated.

PMID- 6588931
TI  - Exchange of fluoride between bovine enamel and the surface-related cells of the
      oral bacterium Streptococcus mutans.
AB  - Standard areas of intact bovine enamel surface were fluoridated with dental F
      varnish for 24 h and then cleaned from varnish residues and thoroughly rinsed
      with distilled water. Sucrose fermentation by a plaque-like layer of
      Streptococcus mutans cells covering such an enamel surface was accompanied by a
      rapid but transient accumulation of F of enamel origin by the Strep. mutans cells
      and by a pH drop in the plaque to pH 4.0. The uptake of F from the surface by the
      control cells, utilizing their carbohydrate stores and causing a smaller pH-drop,
      was slow but no release of F back to the cell exterior took place within 18 h. In
      a second experiment, F- varnished and placebo- varnished bovine enamel granules
      were used as above, but they were not thoroughly washed after being varnish
      treated and cleaned. Both the sucrose-fermenting and the control layer of Strep.
      mutans rapidly released appreciable but equal amounts of fluoride from the F
      treated enamel. The accumulation of F of enamel origin by the Strep. mutans cells
      with or without sucrose was rapid and of almost the same magnitude. In the model
      with the sucrose-utilizing Strep. mutans and the F-treated enamel granules, the
      plaque pH-drop was less and the dissolution of the enamel Ca and P completely
      prevented compared to the respective changes in the sucrose-utilizing model with
      placebo-treated enamel granules.

PMID- 6588932
TI  - The pattern of experimental colonization of a human and a rodent strain of the
      bacterium Actinomyces viscosus on the dentition of the rat.
AB  - Samples were taken from mesial, buccal, lingual and approximal sites and from
      fissures. Initially, most A. viscosus were recovered from the retention sites.
      With the exception of lingual sites during the period of exponential growth, the
      apparent doubling times calculated for A. viscosus Nyl SR remained within narrow
      limits for all locations. After cessation of exponentional growth, both strains
      had colonized all surfaces. However, the rodent strain A. viscosus Nyl SR had
      formed 30-800 times larger populations on the smooth surfaces than the human
      strain A. viscosus Ut2 . On the retention sites, the populations of both strains
      were not significantly different.

PMID- 6588933
TI  - Immunohistochemical characterization of the basement membranes of the human oral
      mucosa.
AB  - Type IV and V collagens, laminin and heparan sulphate proteoglycan were localized
      in vascular and subepithelial basement membranes. Fibronectin was distributed in
      a reticular pattern throughout the lamina propria under the oral epithelium. The
      uniform distribution of basement membrane components and type V collagen in
      different regions suggests a similar molecular composition for the basement
      membranes under functionally-different oral epithelia. The more intense reaction
      in the vascular than in the subepithelial basement membranes, with diluted
      antibodies to type IV collagen and laminin apparently reflects chemical
      differences in these basement membranes. Occasional discontinuities in the
      subepithelial basement membranes were seen in inflamed gingival sulci and in
      tonsillar crypts. The destruction responsible affected all basement membrane
      components, except fibronectin, which maintained a reticular distribution even in
      the deep tonsillar tissue. The immunohistochemical method is useful in
      demonstrating different degrees of destruction in basement membranes associated
      with inflammation.

PMID- 6588934
TI  - The establishment of the bacterium Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque and the
      induction of caries in macaque monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) fed a diet
      containing cooked-wheat flour.
AB  - A diet containing 50.7 per cent cooked wheat flour (78 per cent starches and
      dextrin) was fed to 82 monkeys from weaning for up to 407 days. Streptococcus
      mutans became established naturally and remained at a high level (25-40 per cent
      of the total anaerobic colony count) in the dental plaque of the majority of
      animals but in only 2 were carious lesions detected. The predominant Strep.
      mutans serotypes isolated from plaque were c, e and h, which produced acid when
      incubated with the diet in vitro. Twenty-five monkeys were switched to a
      cariogenic high sucrose diet, and 6 months later 72 per cent of them had carious
      lesions (mean +/- SD = 6.5 +/- 6.6 carious lesions per monkey). The failure of
      the starch diet to promote tooth decay in monkeys supports the general conclusion
      that starch and starch products are virtually non-cariogenic for man.

PMID- 6588935
TI  - Effects of air-drying in vitro on human dentine permeability.
AB  - The effects of evaporation produced by air blasts of 0, 0.5, 2 or 5 min to
      dentine in vitro were evaluated by measuring dentine hydraulic conductance before
      and after each trial. When the tubules were filled with water, even prolonged
      evaporation had no effect on dentine permeability. Tubules filled with
      physiological salt solution produced a time-dependent decrease in dentine
      permeability. Tubules filled with 1.5 per cent albumin in water gave the largest
      reductions in dentine permeability. These effects were more marked in unetched as
      opposed to acid-etched dentine. The results suggest that part of the reduction in
      dentine sensitivity produced clinically by prolonged air blasts may be due to
      precipitation of organic and inorganic constituents of dentinal fluid at the
      surface.

PMID- 6588937
TI  - An integrated approach to the management of dental anxiety.

PMID- 6588936
TI  - A comparison of the acid-base and aciduric properties of various serotypes of the
      bacterium Streptococcus mutans associated with dental plaque.
AB  - Of the 20 strains tested, Strep. mutans Ingbritt (c), LM-7(e), QP50 -1(f) and K
      1R(d/g) produced the largest decreases in pH with glucose, sucrose and starch
      whereas E-49(a), OMZ-61(a), FA-1(b), BHT(b), GS-5(c) and OMZ-176(d/g) produced
      the least. In the absence of saliva, catabolism of starch was less than
      catabolism of either glucose or sucrose but, with saliva present, the differences
      were considerably reduced. The strains varied in ability to accumulate and
      degrade stored polysaccharide (a means of producing a more acidic pH), but
      without relation to serotype. No strains showed pH-rise activity with saliva
      supernatant, sialin or urea but the b serotypes showed pH rise with arginine and
      lysylarginine . All strains showed activity from endogenous substrates.
      Aciduricity was determined by assessing the ability to grow on brain-heart
      infusion agar adjusted to pH 5.0 to 7.0. All strains grew better at pH 7.0 than
      5.0. Among the least aciduric strains were those of b serotype which being among
      those least able to decrease the pH with fermentable carbohydrate and the only
      one to raise pH with arginine and arginine peptide, suggested that this serotype
      might appear more often in caries-free than in caries-active plaques and in
      plaques showing a less acidic Stephan pH response. The acid-base and aciduric
      properties of the non-b serotype strains indicated that any one or more of these
      could be associated with caries-active plaques.

PMID- 6588938
TI  - Embryology of the central part of the face, closure of palate folds, and the
      maxillo-septal syndrome.

PMID- 6588939
TI  - A guide to the radiographic interpretation of bone lesions.

PMID- 6588940
TI  - Fluoride stability in toothpastes.

PMID- 6588941
TI  - A comparative study of the prevalence of mandibular osteosclerosis in patients of
      Asiatic and Caucasian origin.

PMID- 6588942
TI  - Rheological studies of the setting of water-based cements.

PMID- 6588944
TI  - Westmead Centre Dental Clinical School: first three years.

PMID- 6588943
TI  - Removal of plaque disclosing stains from clothing.

PMID- 6588945
TI  - Professional fees.

PMID- 6588946
TI  - Cracked cusp syndrome.

PMID- 6588947
TI  - Future of oral surgery.

PMID- 6588948
TI  - A study of factors responsible for the efficacy of fundoplication in the
      treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux.
AB  - Forty-one patients were followed up for a median 14 months after Nissen
      fundoplication. Patients were questioned regarding their symptoms and 83%
      considered the surgery a complete success. Oesophageal manometry was performed
      before and after surgery. Median pre-operative lower oesophageal sphincter
      pressure (LOSP) was 5.5 mmHg; following operation median LOSP was 14 mmHg. The
      ability of the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) to relax with swallow was
      impaired by fundoplication; the median residual lower oesophageal sphincter
      pressure (RLOSP) was 0 mmHg prior to surgery and 3.5 mmHg following operation.
      Fundoplication appears to superimpose a zone of constant pressure on the lower
      oesophageal sphincter and this may be a further factor responsible for the
      efficacy of surgery.

PMID- 6588949
TI  - The spread of oesophageal cancer: an evaluation of clinical, barium and computed
      tomography assessments.
AB  - One hundred and three patients with proven oesophageal cancer were evaluated
      prospectively by clinical examination, upper gastro-intestinal barium studies and
      computed tomography (CT). The accuracy of each method in assessing the extent of
      disease was determined by correlation with findings at bronchoscopy (100
      patients), thoracotomy (26 patients) and laparotomy (63 patients). The results
      indicated that CT will accurately demonstrate mass invasion of cancer into
      mediastinal structures. But the absence of fat-planes on CT is the least reliable
      indication of spread into peri-oesophageal soft tissues. Early mediastinal
      infiltration is best assessed by analysis of the oesophageal axis on barium
      swallow and the patient's symptoms. Computed tomography is not helpful in the
      diagnosis of mediastinal node metastases. Barium studies of the proximal stomach
      will accurately identify (and CT reliably exclude) local tumour extension into
      the stomach. CT can frequently fail to detect malignant abdominal lymphadenopathy
      in cachexic patients.

PMID- 6588950
TI  - Hernia semicircularis--an unusual lateral ventral hernia.

PMID- 6588951
TI  - The injured spleen: should consideration be given to conservative management?
AB  - This report is a retrospective study over a 13 year period of 267 patients who
      underwent splenectomy. The incidence of associated major abdominal injuries
      following blunt trauma in these patients was 8%. Over half of these associated
      injuries were diagnosed pre-operatively. Sixty-nine per cent of the patients were
      haemodynamically stable before operation. Patients who suffered splenic injuries
      whilst playing sport or who were conscious and did not have major extra-abdominal
      injuries or clear evidence of other intra-abdominal injury could possibly have
      been managed expectantly. Such a policy might have avoided splenectomy in a
      substantial number of cases and thus have eliminated the risk of Overwhelming
      Post-Splenectomy Infection (OPSI) in these patients.

PMID- 6588952
TI  - Arterial embolectomy: a review of 100 cases.
AB  - The results of 100 consecutive patients undergoing arterial embolectomy at the
      Royal Brisbane Hospital between 1971 and 1981 are presented. Twenty-two patients
      died and 18 of these had unsuccessful procedures. Of the 82 patients surviving
      more than 30 days, 14 had a limb amputated and 12 underwent further vascular
      surgery. Duration of ischaemia was the most important predictive factor; 75% of
      cases with an ischaemia time of less than 12 h had a successful outcome whereas
      only 37% were successful when the ischaemia time exceeded 12 h. Anticoagulation
      improved the success rate, but resulted in a high incidence of wound haematoma.

PMID- 6588953
TI  - Reduction of blood loss in knee arthroplasty.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to investigate ways of reducing and controlling
      blood loss and postoperative anaemia in total condylar knee arthroplasty
      performed under tourniquet. The study covers a two year period to December 1982.
      Reduction of blood loss was successfully achieved by being aware of the very rich
      blood supply to the knee and utilizing diathermy for potential bleeders before
      and after the release of the tourniquet and employing various haemostatic
      measures. All these patients need blood transfusion, as well as the measures to
      reduce blood loss, so that they do not become anaemic postoperatively.

PMID- 6588954
TI  - Duct ectasia in the male breast.
AB  - Mammary duct ectasia in the male is a distinct rarity. A patient is described who
      presented with a tender subareolar mass and with nipple retraction. The clinical
      features and pathology are described, followed by a brief review of the
      literature.

PMID- 6588955
TI  - Isolated congenital pulmonary incompetence: case report and literature review.
AB  - Although the literature fails to clearly define the prognosis of isolated
      congenital pulmonary incompetence (ICPI), there are suggestions that the lesion
      is not necessarily benign. A case report is presented of pulmonary valve
      replacement for ICPI which reversed not only symptoms but also
      electrocardiographic manifestations of right ventricular overload. A literature
      review is included with the case report.

PMID- 6588956
TI  - Surgery for gastro-oesophageal reflux.

PMID- 6588957
TI  - The outcome of pregnancies complicated by narcotic drug addiction.
AB  - The incidence of known narcotic drug addiction at 2 Maternity Hospitals in
      Melbourne was 0.06% (45 of 80,950 confinements). The obstetric results of these
      45 pregnancies were unexpectedly favourable, the main complications being fetal
      growth retardation (27%) and premature birth before 37 weeks (27%). There were no
      fetal malformations and only 1 perinatal death. Follow-up information is
      necessary to ascertain if the main hazard to these infants lies in the
      environment to which they return.

PMID- 6588959
TI  - Dysfunctional uterine bleeding in women over 40 years of age.
AB  - Two hundred patients aged 40 years or more who were discharged from hospital with
      a diagnosis of dysfunctional uterine bleeding were followed up for 6 years.
      Ninety-three patients eventually underwent hysterectomy and in 64% a pathological
      abnormality was noted in the uterus. The length of the uterine cavity and the
      presence of painful and/or heavy periods were the best predictors of outcome.
      Response to hormonal therapy was poor.

PMID- 6588958
TI  - Unexplained intracranial haemorrhage in utero: the battered fetus?
AB  - Twenty stillborn infants with unexplained intracranial haemorrhages were
      identified in a review of approximately 3,500 perinatal postmortems performed
      between 1966 and 1982. After apparently uneventful pregnancies, fetal death
      occurred before the onset of labour and was recognized at a mean of 10 days
      before delivery; 80% had subdural haemorrhages, others had intraventricular
      and/or intracerebral haemorrhages, and many had haemorrhages at more than one of
      these sites. These haemorrhages were of sufficient size to have caused death and
      no other causes were found at postmortem examinations. All 20 mothers were
      immigrants to New Zealand from the Pacific Islands and almost all were older,
      married, multi-gravidas with uneventful medical histories and in stable socio
      economic circumstances. In the period studied the incidence of stillbirths with
      unexplained intracranial haemorrhages was 1.15 per 1,000 Pacific Islander births
      and, at one hospital, these haemorrhages were found in 14.6% of Pacific Islander
      stillbirths. There were no unexplained intracranial haemorrhages in other racial
      groups. Prenatal subdural haemorrhage without a history of maternal trauma is
      extremely rare. In the absence of supporting maternal histories and other fetal
      or maternal injuries the possibility that these are 'battered' fetuses remains
      circumstantial.

PMID- 6588960
TI  - Alpha thalassaemia in pregnancy.
AB  - Alpha thalassaemia as a cause of hypochromic, microcytic anaemia in pregnancy is
      described. The problems associated with accurate diagnosis of this condition and
      prediction of fetal outcome is now made much easier by use of recombinant DNA
      techniques such as gene mapping. Two Greek Cypriot families with alpha
      thalassaemia have been studied by DNA mapping. Definitive assessment of alpha
      thalassaemia genotype in these cases enabled confident genetic counselling.

PMID- 6588961
TI  - A successful pregnancy outcome in transfusion dependent thalassaemia major.
AB  - A case of a successful pregnancy outcome in a patient with transfusion dependent
      beta thalassaemia major is presented. This is the first case reported from
      Australia, the only other in the literature being from the United Kingdom (1).

PMID- 6588962
TI  - Homozygous beta thalassaemia and pregnancy.
AB  - Pregnancy complicating homozygous beta thalassaemia is a rare entity. Two cases
      are described, 1 of which was further complicated by thrombocytopenia due to
      secondary hyperslenism. These cases are discussed in the light of current
      management of homozygous haemoglobinopathies.

PMID- 6588963
TI  - An unusual set of triplets: twin intrauterine pregnancy with singleton
      extrauterine pregnancy.

PMID- 6588964
TI  - Tubal pregnancy following late luteal vaginal hysterectomy.
AB  - A patient who had a vaginal hysterectomy performed on day 24-25 of her cycle by
      histological dating was found to have a ruptured left tubal pregnancy 55 days
      later. The patient used barrier contraception up to the time of hysterectomy, and
      an undetectable level of beta-HCG was noted the week prior to hysterectomy. The
      likelihood of delayed tubal implantation having occurred in the same luteal phase
      as the hysterectomy distinguishes this case from the 27 others previously
      reported, which are briefly reviewed.

PMID- 6588966
TI  - Abdominal wound dehiscence.

PMID- 6588965
TI  - Prenatal diagnosis of duodenal atresia using third trimester amniotic fluid
      immunoreactive trypsin.

PMID- 6588967
TI  - Pregnancy hydronephrosis--a longitudinal ultrasonic evaluation.
AB  - The progression of physiological hydronephrosis through the 3 trimesters of
      pregnancy was assessed by ultrasonic measurement of calyceal diameters in 56
      asymptomatic patients in a longitudinal study. A grading system basing on the
      maximum calyceal diameter was used; 89% of the patients showed at least mild
      dilatation before delivery. There was a preponderance of the right side being
      affected. In 6 patients (10.7%), severe dilatation was demonstrable and in all of
      them its onset appeared to be in the second trimester. The likelihood of
      progression to moderate or severe dilatation when only mild dilatation is
      demonstrated in the second trimester is low. Furthermore, it is not common for
      moderate dilatation in the second trimester to progress to severe dilatation in
      the third trimester. These findings appear to support the mechanical theory in
      the genesis of pregnancy hydronephrosis. Rapid regression of calyceal dilatation
      is not apparent in the first 5 days after delivery.

PMID- 6588968
TI  - Changes in prostaglandin release associated with inhibition of muscle protein
      synthesis by dexamethasone.
AB  - Forelimb digit extensor muscles from fed rabbits were incubated in the absence or
      presence of dexamethasone (100 nM). The presence of dexamethasone decreased the
      rates of protein synthesis, prostaglandin F2 alpha and prostaglandin E2 release
      after a time lag of 2.5-3 h. Although intermittent stretching stimulated both
      protein synthesis and prostaglandin release in the presence of dexamethasone, the
      absolute activities of both processes were lower in the presence of the steroid
      than in its absence. It is suggested that the inhibitory action of dexamethasone
      on muscle protein synthesis in vitro results from its effect on the activity of
      plasma-membrane phospholipase A2.

PMID- 6588969
TI  - Peptide thioesters and 4-nitroanilides as substrates for porcine pancreatic
      kallikrein.
AB  - A series of 14 4-nitroanilide substrates and 17 thioester substrates have been
      used to measure kinetic constants with porcine pancreatic kallikrein. All of the
      substrates have a P1 arginine residue. The 4-nitroanilide substrates consist of
      seven P2-glycine and seven P2-phenylalanine tripeptides. As expected from
      previous results, the phenylalanine series substrates were generally 100-fold
      'better' than those in the glycine series. The S3 subsite was found to 'prefer'
      lysine or phenylalanine, whereas glutamic acid in this position was distinctly
      unfavourable. The thioester substrates consisted of various thioester derivatives
      of arginine as well as 12 dipeptides. These substrates exhibited kcat./Km values
      generally 1000 times higher than the P2-phenylalanine 4-nitroanilides. With the
      thioesters, a P2 phenylalanine or tryptophan residue yielded the best substrates,
      but some of the simple derivatives of arginine were nearly as good. A comparison
      of the kinetic constants of the thioester substrates between the porcine enzyme
      and human plasma kallikrein provides further evidence that these enzymes have a
      similar preference for bulky P2 residues, but otherwise are quite different
      enzymes. The thioester substrates are nearly as reactive as oxygen ester
      substrates such as acetylphenylalanylarginine methyl ester for the porcine enzyme
      [Levison & Tomalin (1982) Biochem. J. 203, 299-302; Fiedler (1983) Adv. Exp. Med.
      Biol. 156A, 263-274], and owing to the greater ease in assaying with the
      thioesters, they should find use in routine assays for the glandular kallikreins.

PMID- 6588970
TI  - Quinolone antibiotics inhibit eucaryotic DNA polymerase alpha and beta, terminal
      deoxynucleotidyl transferase but not DNA ligase.
AB  - DNA polymerases alpha and beta, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase and DNA
      ligases from chicken thymus were purified to homogeneity. Quinolone antibiotics
      (nalidixic acid, oxolinic acid and pefloxacin ) known to inhibit DNA replication
      were tested for their effects on these enzymes. DNA ligase activity was not
      affected by the three drugs. DNA polymerases alpha and beta were inhibited by
      competitive mechanisms. Surprisingly, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase was
      strongly inhibited by the three compounds and more efficiently by nalidixic acid.
      The significance of these results is discussed in terms of the possible
      involvement of the enzymes in the respective DNA replication and repair
      processes.

PMID- 6588971
TI  - Sodium butyrate (SB) augments the effects of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3
      (1,25(OH)2D3) on neoplastic and osteoblastic phenotype in clonal rat osteosarcoma
      cells.
AB  - 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppressed colony formation in soft agar and increased
      alkaline phosphatase activity in clonal rat osteosarcoma cells. Sodium butyrate
      enhanced these effects of the hormone partly through a mechanism involving an
      alteration of nuclear binding of the hormone. It is suggested that 1,25
      dihydroxyvitamin D3 in conjunction with sodium butyrate might be able to regulate
      differentiation and proliferation of neoplastic cells.

PMID- 6588972
TI  - Effect of human high density lipoproteins, anti-apolipoproteins CII and CIII, and
      hydrolysis of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol ester on VLDL
      catabolism in vitro.
AB  - Lipolysis of human very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) by lipoprotein lipase
      (LPL) was inhibited in the presence of high density lipoproteins (HDL), anti
      apolipoprotein (apo) CII, and by increasing the VLDL free cholesterol content but
      not with anti-apo CIII or lipoprotein-free plasma. The experiments lend direct
      evidence that the composition of VLDL and their milieu are important determinants
      of lipolysis by LPL. Apo CIII may not be critical in LPL mediated VLDL
      catabolism.

PMID- 6588973
TI  - Production of a macromomycin (MCR)-monoclonal antibody conjugate and its
      biological activity.

PMID- 6588974
TI  - Effect of 2,4-diamino-6-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-s-triazine maleate (MN-1695) on
      gastric mucosal damage induced by various necrotizing agents in rats.
AB  - The effect of 2,4-diamino-6-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-s-triazine maleate (MN-1695) on
      the gastric mucosal damage induced in rats by various necrotizing agents was
      compared with those of cimetidine, cetraxate and prostaglandin (PG) E2. MN-1695
      at doses of 0.37 mg (1 mumol) to 3.72 mg (10 mumol)/kg, significantly decreased
      in a dose-dependent manner the damage indices after the application of ethanol,
      HCl, NaOH, 25% NaCl or boiling water. Cimetidine in doses of 12.6 mg (50 mumol)
      to 126 mg (500 mumol)/kg was effective only against HCl-induced damage. Cetraxate
      in doses of 34.2 mg (100 mumol) to 342 mg (1 mmol)/kg was effective against
      damage due to ethanol, HCl, 25% NaCl or boiling water. However, cetraxate
      increased the damage index of NaOH-induced injury. PGE2 in a dose of 25
      micrograms (70 nmol)/kg was effective against ethanol and 25% NaCl. The
      histological changes of gastric mucosal cells produced by ethanol were
      significantly decreased by MN-1695 and PGE2. These results suggest that MN-1695
      has a cytoprotective action like that of PGE2 and that this cytoprotection
      inhibits the development of various kinds of experimental gastric ulcers.

PMID- 6588976
TI  - [Local blood flow and capillary permeability in the experimental meningeal
      carcinomatosis].
AB  - Local blood flow and capillary permeability of the rats with meningeal
      carcinomatosis were studied with macroautoradiography, and relationship between
      blood flow, permeability and effects of chemotherapy is discussed. Experimental
      meningeal carcinomatosis was induced in the Wistar rats by inoculating Walker 256
      tumor into cisterna magna. One to 12 days after inoculation, rats were used for
      measurements of blood flow (by 14C- iodoantipyrine) and capillary permeability
      (by 14C-alpha-aminoisobutyric acid). Images of autoradiography and corresponding
      histological appearances were analyzed. In the early stage of tumor growth (2 to
      3 days after inoculation), a few layers of tumor cells were identified in the
      ambient cistern. Blood flow in the vicinity of the tumor cell layer was noted,
      but no increase in capillary permeability was found. In the middle stage of tumor
      growth (3 to 5 days after inoculation), 10 to 20 layers of the tumor cell was
      noted in the ambient cistern. Blood flow in the tumor was evident and capillary
      permeability began to increase. In the late stage of tumor growth (6 to 12 days
      after inoculation), a mass of the tumor cells was noted in the ambient cistern.
      In this stage, blood flow in the tumor was similar to that of cerebral gray
      matter and capillary permeability increased markedly. Brain adjacent to the tumor
      also showed increase in capillary permeability. The result correlated well to the
      previous result of experimental chemotherapy. Form those data, lipid soluble
      drugs which cross blood-brain barrier readily are recommended for the early stage
      of meningeal carcinomatosis, and water soluble drugs which has limitations to
      cross blood-brain barrier can not be recommended.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6588975
TI  - Treatment of type III hyperlipoproteinemia with four different treatment
      regimens.
AB  - The efficacy of clofibrate (CPIB) and nicotinic acid (NA) in the treatment of
      type III hyperlipoproteinemia was evaluated in 5 male subjects in a randomized
      cross-over study with clofibrate 1 g b.i.d. and NA 3 g/day (given either b.i.d.
      or t.i.d.). Following a baseline period of 6 weeks, each drug was given for 12
      weeks with samples for lipid and lipoprotein determinations obtained at 6, 9, and
      12 weeks. Both clofibrate and NA resulted in a significant reduction from
      baseline of total cholesterol (23% and 28%), VLDL cholesterol (49% and 56%),
      total triglycerides (40% and 43%), and VLDL triglycerides (46% and 48%), as well
      as a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (22% and 28%) and HDL/LDL ratio (31%
      and 62%). The HDL/LDL ratio was higher on NA than clofibrate (0.47 +/- 0.19 vs.
      0.38 +/- 0.09, P less than 0.05). Four subjects were continued in the study and
      treated sequentially with NA 3.0 g/day (alternate to the previous schedule) and
      gemfibrozil 1.2 g/d in divided doses. Each of the 4 regimens resulted in a
      significant change from baseline of each of the measured lipid and lipoprotein
      determinations except LDL cholesterol. Comparison among the treatment regimens
      revealed no differences except for significantly higher HDL cholesterol and
      HDL/LDL ratio with NA given t.i.d.

PMID- 6588977
TI  - Controlled delivery of drugs. A review of polymer-based devices.

PMID- 6588978
TI  - A comparison of patterns of tooth wear with aetiological factors.

PMID- 6588979
TI  - The changes in dental caries experience of 12-year-old school children in two
      Somerset schools. A review after an interval of 19 years.

PMID- 6588981
TI  - The use of a grid for dental radiography.

PMID- 6588980
TI  - The longevity of restorations. A study of 200 regular attenders in a general
      dental practice.

PMID- 6588983
TI  - Self-aspirating syringe.

PMID- 6588982
TI  - Airpolishing effects on soft tissue.

PMID- 6588984
TI  - Allergic reactions.

PMID- 6588985
TI  - What about the reluctant patients.

PMID- 6588986
TI  - 'A second appropriate person'.

PMID- 6588987
TI  - Drilling for gold.

PMID- 6588988
TI  - Claimed fluoride allergy.

PMID- 6588989
TI  - Public relations--whose responsibility?

PMID- 6588990
TI  - Food policies.

PMID- 6588991
TI  - Midazolam-induced hiccoughs.

PMID- 6588992
TI  - Management of recurrent aphthous ulcers. A trial of carbenoxolone sodium
      mouthwash.

PMID- 6588993
TI  - Changes in general, craniofacial and dental development in juvenile
      hypothyroidism.

PMID- 6588994
TI  - The treatment of chronic lip fissures with cryotherapy.

PMID- 6588995
TI  - Pre-auricular swelling. A report of three cases.

PMID- 6588996
TI  - The treatment of anxiety by reciprocal inhibition under hypnosis.

PMID- 6588998
TI  - What future for the multidisciplinary approach to alcohol problems?

PMID- 6588997
TI  - Aftercare for the complete denture patient.

PMID- 6588999
TI  - Conversation with David Archibald.

PMID- 6589000
TI  - A critique of the report of the Dickens' enquiry into the controlled drinking
      research of the Sobells.

PMID- 6589001
TI  - Under the microscope yet again: a commentary on Walker and Roach's critique of
      the Dickens Committee's enquiry into our research.

PMID- 6589002
TI  - Understanding the nature of investigations into alleged fraud in alcohol
      research: a reply to Walker and Roach.

PMID- 6589003
TI  - Drinking in longitudinal perspective: career and natural history.

PMID- 6589004
TI  - Can accurate drinking histories be obtained from psychiatric patients by a nurse
      conducting screening interviews?

PMID- 6589005
TI  - Alcohol consumption during pregnancy: baseline data from a Scottish prospective
      study.

PMID- 6589006
TI  - Effect of nicotine replacement on the cigarette withdrawal syndrome.

PMID- 6589007
TI  - Secondary prevention of alcoholism and the Centres d'Hygiene Alimentaire.

PMID- 6589008
TI  - Management of solvent misuse: a Glasgow community approach.

PMID- 6589009
TI  - Superfused mini-pig skin. A new method for studying the interaction of drugs with
      prostaglandin biosynthesis.

PMID- 6589010
TI  - Probable in vivo induction of differentiation by retinoic acid of promyelocytes
      in acute promyelocytic leukaemia.
AB  - A 30-year-old woman was diagnosed as having an acute promyelocytic leukaemia in
      September 1981. Chemotherapeutic courses of daunomycin, ara-C, thioguanine and
      prednisolone were administered, resulting in a complete remission. A relapse
      occurred in January 1982, and chemotherapy did not lead to a second complete
      remission; neutropenia persisted with a marked left shift of the marrow
      granulopoiesis. Courses of chemotherapy were given throughout the study. In
      September 1982, marrow promyelocytes markedly increased, making up 51% of the
      nucleated cells. One month later the situation was unchanged, and 13-cis-retinoic
      acid (1 mg/kg) was administered by mouth. Gradually the marrow proportion of
      promyelocytes decreased to normal levels. The peripheral blood and marrow were
      still normal after 20 weeks of treatment with retinoic acid. Thus, retinoic acid
      seemed to have been inducing differentiation in an abnormally increased,
      maturation-deficient population of promyelocytes in a patient with acute
      promyelocytic leukaemia.

PMID- 6589011
TI  - Bone marrow histology in myelodysplastic syndromes. I. Histological findings in
      myelodysplastic syndromes and comparison with bone marrow smears.
AB  - Forty bone-marrow trephine biopsies of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
      (MDS) were studied and compared with bone marrow smears. It proved possible to
      make the diagnosis of MDS on the basis of bone-marrow biopsies. Features of
      abnormal erythropoiesis and myelopoiesis, although different from those observed
      in smears, were easily detectable. Moreover, obvious advantages of bone-marrow
      biopsy over bone-marrow smears were found. Firstly, the biopsy in MDS gives an
      exact assessment of the cellularity; secondly, the presence of reticulin fibres,
      increased in the majority of the cases, can be evaluated; thirdly,
      dysmegakaryopoiesis is more easily detected in trephine biopsies than in smears;
      finally, abnormal behaviour of myeloblasts, clustering centrally in the bone
      marrow, is frequently observed before the smears show an excess of myeloblasts.
      The bone-marrow biopsy also has a role in difficult cases, where the diagnosis of
      MDS can not be established on just bone-marrow smears. The five types of MDS, as
      described by the FAB group, do not represent recognizable histological entities.

PMID- 6589012
TI  - Acute myeloblastic leukaemia and t(8;21) translocation.

PMID- 6589013
TI  - Failed central nervous system prophylaxis in children with acute lymphoblastic
      leukaemia: treatment and outcome.
AB  - Isolated CNS relapse occurred as a first event in 23 (6%) of 354 children with
      acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) who shortly after achieving remission had
      been treated with craniospinal irradiation or cranial irradiation and intrathecal
      methotrexate. CNS relapse occurred at a median time of 79 weeks from diagnosis
      and in three cases was asymptomatic, being diagnosed on routine lumbar puncture
      at completion of maintenance therapy. CNS remission was achieved with weekly
      intrathecal methotrexate in all but two cases who died in relapse. A second
      course of radiotherapy was given in 12 cases; at the time of relapse in three and
      delayed from 14-170 weeks later in nine. Intensified systemic chemotherapy was
      used in 13 patients and all but three continued on regular maintenance
      intrathecal methotrexate. Disease free remission following CNS relapse ranged
      from 9 to 366 weeks (median 76 weeks) with subsequent relapses occurring in the
      testis, CNS and in particular the bone marrow. Survival after relapse ranged from
      11 to 476 weeks (median 92); seven patients are alive; four in continued
      remission, two with recurrent but controlled CNS disease, and one in remission
      following bone marrow transplant after subsequent marrow relapse. Recurrent CNS
      disease was significantly less frequent in patients who were reirradiated. It
      appears that long-term survival is possible after isolated CNS relapse but that
      further intensification of systemic chemotherapy and possibly chemo-radiotherapy
      and bone marrow transplant will be required to reduce the high risk of subsequent
      bone marrow relapse.

PMID- 6589014
TI  - Separation of diploid from aneuploid cells in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - A new method for the separation of diploid and aneuploid cells from blood of
      patients with leukaemia is described. Density gradient separation using a
      modified silica particle gradient was combined with analysis of cellular DNA
      content by flow cytometry. Submicroscopic levels of diploid or aneuploid cells
      were enriched up to 90% purity. Three patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
      and no evidence of aneuploid cells after separation are in continuing complete
      remission after 24.5-47 months. Two patients with aneuploid cells detected after
      separation expired in relapse 0.5 and 3 months later. Cell separation prior to
      flow cytometric analysis might be a useful tool to detect submicroscopic levels
      of aneuploid leukaemic cells in blood and bone marrow, and to predict impending
      relapse.

PMID- 6589015
TI  - HLA antigens of the A and B locus in relation to the development of silicosis.

PMID- 6589016
TI  - Prostaglandins in menstrual fluid in menorrhagia and dysmenorrhoea.
AB  - Menstrual fluid was collected in vaginal cups inserted for 2 h during the first 2
      days of menstruation and menstrual serum concentrations of prostaglandins PGF2
      alpha and PGE2 were measured by radioimmunoassay. In 16 women from whom menstrual
      fluid was collected on both days, PGF2 alpha and PGE2 concentrations were
      significantly higher on day 1 than on day 2. The highest concentrations of PGF2
      alpha and PGE2 were found in dysmenorrhoeic women on day 1. In non-dysmenorrhoeic
      women, the amount of PGF2 alpha and PGE2 collected in 2 h correlated directly
      with total menstrual blood loss. There was no statistically significant
      difference in the amount of prostaglandins collected in 2 h in pain-free
      menorrhagic women and dysmenorrhoeic women with normal loss. There was also no
      significant 9-ketoreductase or 9-hydroxydehydrogenase activity present in
      menstrual fluid which could suggest PGE2 to PGF2 alpha interconversion.

PMID- 6589017
TI  - [Indices of protein kinase activity and the problem of biochemical diagnosis of
      malignant growth].
AB  - Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent and casein kinase activities and the ratio of
      these activities were determined in normal and neoplastic tissues of the colonic
      mucosa. Substantial activation of casein kinase and an appropriate decrease in
      the activity ratio of the enzymes were revealed in the malignant tissue. Protein
      kinase activity changed in a similar fashion in the histologically intact mucosa
      located 25-30 cm from the center of the tumor. The data obtained are suggestive
      of the possibility of using the above-indicated findings for the biochemical
      diagnosis of malignant neoplasms.

PMID- 6589018
TI  - Characterization of erythropoietin produced by IW32 murine erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - IW32 is a recently described murine erythroleukemia cell line that produces an
      erythropoietic factor similar to erythropoietin by in vivo and in vitro bioassays
      and without species specificity. Biochemical characteristics of IW32
      erythropoietic factor and sheep or mouse plasma erythropoietins were compared.
      Murine colonies derived from erythroid colony-forming units (CFU-E) in plasma
      clot culture were used as the bioassay system. Both IW32 erythropoietic factor
      and sheep plasma erythropoietin were stable in the pH range of 3 to 10, after
      exposure to denaturing agents (8 mol/L urea, 4 mol/L guanidine hydrochloride, 1%
      sodium dodecyl sulfate), to a reducing agent (0.1 mol/L 2-mercaptoethanol) and to
      an oxidizing agent (5 mmol/L sodium metaperiodate). Only the combination of 0.1
      mol/L 2-mercaptoethanol and 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate resulted in a significant
      loss of activity. IW32 erythropoietic factor and murine plasma erythropoietin
      were similarly precipitated by ethanol and ammonium sulfate. IW32 erythropoietic
      factor eluted as a single major peak after gel exclusion chromatography, with an
      estimated molecular weight of 45,000 daltons. Results were identical using
      supernatants from cultures in the presence of and absence of fetal calf serum.
      The supernatant of IW32 cells cultured without serum induced erythroid colonies
      after seven days on normal human bone marrow nonadherent mononuclear cells
      cultured in serum-free conditions. All these results made it very likely that
      IW32 cells produce an authentic erythropoietin. This cell line would be very
      useful for the study of murine erythropoietin.

PMID- 6589019
TI  - Characteristic expression of glycosphingolipid profiles in the bipotential cell
      differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60.
AB  - Changes of glycosphingolipids (GSLs) in the bipotential cell differentiation of
      human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 cells were investigated by high
      performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), with special reference to
      morphological and functional changes, such as phagocytosis and nitroblue
      tetrazolium (NBT) reduction. Nine molecular species of neutral GSLs and 13 or
      more species of sialo-GSLs, ie, gangliosides, were detected on the HPTLC
      chromatograms for untreated HL-60 cells. The major components were ceramide
      dihexoside (CDH), GM3, and sialo-paragloboside (SPG). When HL-60 cells were
      induced to differentiate into both myeloid mature cells and macrophage-like cells
      in vitro, no new molecular species of GSLs specific for one of the cell
      differentiations was induced, but distinctive quantitative changes in the GSL
      composition were definitely observed between the two cell differentiations.
      During the myeloid differentiation induced by either dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or
      retinoic acid (RA), CDH, paragloboside (PG), and gangliosides having longer sugar
      moieties characteristically increased with a concomitant decrease of GSLs with
      shorter sugar chains, such as ceramide monohexoside (CMH) and GM3, and the GSL
      composition profile of myeloid differentiation-induced HL-60 cells became more
      similar to that of normal human granulocytes. However, some marked differences
      were noted between the induced HL-60 cells and the normal granulocytes,
      especially in the ganglioside compositions. These differences might reflect
      either some deficiency in the in vitro myeloid differentiation or some leukemic
      properties of HL-60 cells. In marked contrast to the change of GSL composition
      during myeloid differentiation, a remarkable increase of GM3, with a concurrent
      marked decrease of CDH, was observed in the process of cell differentiation into
      macrophage-like cells with 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), which
      suggested an increase in the biosynthesis of GM3. These results demonstrate that
      HL-60 cells express distinct GSL profiles, depending not only on maturation
      stages but also on differentiation directions.

PMID- 6589020
TI  - Variable breakpoints on Ph1-chromosome.

PMID- 6589022
TI  - The quality assurance issue: one hospital library's approach.

PMID- 6589021
TI  - Plasma and intracellular levels of lactate dehydrogenase, phosphohexose isomerase
      and lysozyme activity in acute leukemia.
AB  - Plasma and intracellular levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), phosphohexose
      isomerase (PHI) and lysozyme activities were investigated in 20 patients with
      acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), 18 patients with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL)
      and 10 patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast transformation
      (CML/BT). Though the plasma levels of LDH and PHI in all patients with acute
      leukemia were elevated as compared to control persons there was no distinctive
      pattern which could be of use in the classification of acute leukemia. On the
      other hand the intracellular levels of these enzymes could be of value in
      classifying acute leukemia. The leukemic lymphoblasts were characterized by low
      levels of PHI and lysozyme as compared to leukemic myeloblasts or to normal
      lymphocytes (p less than 0.01). The LDH/PHI ratio is also significantly higher in
      leukemic lymphoblasts than in leukemic myeloblasts or in normal lymphocytes (p
      always less than 0.01). These characteristics might also be made use of in
      identifying the blasts of CML/BT als "lymphoid" or "myeloid" in corresponding
      cases.

PMID- 6589023
TI  - Plasma alpha2-plasmin inhibitor levels in patients with leukemia.

PMID- 6589026
TI  - Progesterone 5 alpha-reductase in mouse brain.
AB  - We have examined the distribution of progesterone 5 alpha-reductase activity in
      minces of discrete brain areas from two strains of adult ovariectomized mice
      known to be differentially responsive to the behavioral effects of exogenously
      administered 5 alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione (5 alpha-DHP). Minces of freshly
      dissected midbrain tegmentum (TEG), hypothalamus-preoptic area (HPOA),
      hippocampus (HIP), and parietal cortex (CTX) were incubated with [4
      14C]progesterone in a Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer solution containing 10
      mM glucose for 2 h at 37 degrees C. The [14C]5 alpha-DHP produced was identified
      by comparison with known standards in paper and thin-layer chromatography
      systems, derivative formation, and recrystallization to a constant 14C/3H ratio.
      We found a 6-fold difference in the extent to which various brain areas formed 5
      alpha-DHP. The amount of conversion was similar for both strains of mice. When
      expressed as picomoles of 5 alpha-DHP formed per 2 h per 20 mg of tissue, the
      following order of activity was observed: TEG greater than HPOA greater than HIP
      greater than CTX.

PMID- 6589024
TI  - Effect of glucocorticoids on vascular reactivity to vasoactive hormones in rat
      isolated kidney: lack of relationship to prostaglandins.
AB  - The relationship between the effects of glucocorticoids on renal vascular
      reactivity and prostaglandin synthesis elicited by noradrenaline (NA),
      angiotensin II (AII), arginine vasopressin (AVP) and bradykinin (Bk) was
      investigated in the isolated kidney of the rat perfused with Tyrode solution.
      Administration of NA 0.3-3.0 nmol, AII 0.028-0.28 nmol, AVP 0.027-0.27 nmol and
      Bk 0.28-2.8 nmol enhanced in a dose-dependent manner the renal output of
      immunoreactive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. NA, AII and AVP,
      but not Bk, produced renal vasoconstriction and increased perfusion pressure. In
      the presence of dexamethasone (2.6 X 10(-5)M) or corticosterone (2.9 X 10(-5) M),
      the effects of NA and AII, in enhancing prostaglandin synthesis and producing
      renal vasoconstriction, were reduced. In contrast, stimulation of prostaglandin
      synthesis by Bk and AVP and the renal vasoconstriction produced by AVP were not
      altered by the glucocorticoids. Dexamethasone or corticosterone did not alter the
      output of prostaglandins elicited by A-23187 or arachidonic acid (AA). Addition
      of mepacrine (2.1 X 10(-5)M) to the perfusion fluid reduced the renal output of
      prostaglandins elicited by the vasoactive hormones and by A-23187, but not by AA;
      the vasoconstrictor response to NA and AII, but not to AVP was reduced. In
      kidneys in which prostaglandin synthesis was inhibited by indomethacin (2.8 X 10(
      6)M), administration of dexamethasone also reduced the renal vasoconstrictor
      effect of NA and AII. These data indicate that in Tyrode-perfused rat kidney the
      glucocorticoids dexamethasone and corticosterone exert a differential effect on
      the renal vascular reactivity to vasoactive hormones, and that their inhibitory
      effect on NA and AII-induced renal vasoconstriction appears to be unrelated to
      prostaglandin synthesis.

PMID- 6589025
TI  - Maintained contractions of rat uterine smooth muscle incubated in a Ca2+-free
      solution.
AB  - The effects of acetylcholine (10(-4) M), prostaglandin E2 (10(-6) M), vanadate (5
      X 10(-4) M) and fluoride (10(-2) M) have been studied on the mechanical and
      electrical activities of rat myometrial strips perfused in Ca2+-free EGTA
      containing solutions. All four substances produced maintained contractions which
      could be initiated repeatedly after exposure to Ca2+-free solution for more than
      1 h, without a significant decrease. The largest contractions were obtained with
      vanadate and the smallest ones with acetylcholine. The tension was usually 7-30%
      of the control contraction triggered by an action potential in Ca2+ containing
      solution. Maintained contractions induced by fluoride were unaffected by
      isoprenaline while those induced by acetylcholine, prostaglandin E2 and vanadate
      were completely relaxed. Prostaglandin E2- and vanadate-induced contractions were
      slightly reduced by Na+ removal or by adding Ca2+ antagonists. In contrast,
      contractions induced by acetylcholine were suppressed in Na+-free solution and
      largely inhibited in the presence of Ca2+ antagonists. The depolarization induced
      by acetylcholine in Ca2+-free solution was strongly dependent on the external Na+
      concentration. The relationship between the size of the acetylcholine-induced
      depolarization and the membrane potential (shifted by constant currents) was
      linear, giving an apparent reversal potential for acetylcholine close to zero
      potential. In Ca-free solutions and in the presence of atropine, Na+ action
      potentials of long duration can be evoked which produced contractions of the same
      order of magnitude as those initiated by acetylcholine-induced depolarizations. 7
      These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the maintained contractions
      in Ca2+-free solutions induced by several stimulants could be related to Ca2+
      independent mechanisms (fluoride) or Ca2+ release from an intracellular store.
      This latter mechanism would include both pharmacomechanical (prostaglandin E2,
      vanadate) and electromechanical (acetylcholine) coupling.

PMID- 6589027
TI  - Regional distribution of free and sulfoconjugated catecholamines in the bovine
      adrenal cortex and medulla.
AB  - The intraadrenal distribution of free and sulfoconjugated catecholamines and the
      activity of the catecholamine sulfoconjugating enzyme phenolsulfotransferase in
      the bovine adrenal gland are described. In the adrenal cortex all three free
      catecholamines, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine, were detected in
      various concentrations. In the adrenal medulla, the relative proportion of the
      main adrenal catecholamines, free epinephrine and free norepinephrine, was found
      to be higher in the medullary sections derived from the subcortical areas where
      the ratio of epinephrine to norepinephrine was 8:1 than in the centre of the
      organ where norepinephrine levels reached those of epinephrine. Free dopamine,
      representing about 1.0% of the total catecholamine content was distributed in the
      same pattern as epinephrine or the sum of epinephrine and norepinephrine,
      revealing a significant positive correlation between regional dopamine and
      epinephrine plus norepinephrine (r = 0.97) as well as between dopamine and
      epinephrine (r = 0.96). Phenolsulfotransferase activity was present in both
      medulla and cortex. Dopamine sulfate was detected in relatively small
      concentration in all cortical and medullary layers, but norepinephrine sulfate
      and epinephrine sulfate were not present. The meaning of this distribution of
      individual catecholamines and phenolsulfotransferase activity in both cortex and
      medulla is discussed.

PMID- 6589028
TI  - Accutane Roche: risk of teratogenic effects.

PMID- 6589029
TI  - Subacute and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in children (juvenile CML). Clinical
      and hematologic observations, and identification of prognostic factors.
AB  - The clinical and hematologic characteristics of 38 children with subacute and
      chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (S & CMMOL) are described, and the prognostic
      significance of these characteristics as recorded at diagnosis is reported. The
      common and distinctive feature of these children was the excessive proliferation
      of cells of neutrophilic and monocytic series. The disease predominated in
      younger children, 95% were younger than 4 years, and boys were more affected than
      girls (22/16). The onset of the disease was heralded most often by acute or
      subacute symptoms. Splenomegaly was the most common physical finding at
      diagnosis. Leukocytosis was usually under 100 X 10(9)/l. Monocytosis and
      granulocytosis were often associated with normoblastosis, and, in some cases,
      with moderate blastosis (less than or equal to 30%). Severe anemia and marked
      thrombocytopenia were found in about one third of patients, increased fetal
      hemoglobin levels in 53%, and increased gamma-globulin levels in 50% of cases.
      The Philadelphia chromosome was absent in all blood and marrow cell karyotypes.
      Thirty-three of 38 patients were treated with moderate or intensive chemotherapy,
      and in all cases treatment never resulted in a complete remission. Terminal acute
      leukemia occurred in 11 cases. Of the 38 patients, 29 have died (median survival
      time, 16 months). Initial characteristics predicting a short survival (log-rank
      test) included: older age (greater than or equal to 2 years) (P less than 0.001),
      hepatomegaly (P less than 0.05), bleeding (P less than 0.001), thrombocytopenia
      (P less than 0.01), high counts of blasts and normoblasts in peripheral blood (P
      less than 0.01, P less than 0.01). Sex, infections, cutaneous manifestations,
      lymphadenopathy, degree of splenomegaly, hemoglobin levels, fetal hemoglobin,
      leukocyte counts, percent of blasts in bone marrow, and serum gamma-globulin
      levels were of no prognostic value. When survival was plotted on a
      semilogarithmic scale, a change in death rate was evident at the second year of
      survival suggesting that there may be two subgroups of patients with
      myelomonocytic picture, one with very rapid, and another with a slower rate of
      mortality. A stepwise discriminant-function analysis was performed in an attempt
      to distinguish between those children who lived less than or equal to 2 years and
      those who lived longer. A linear combination of variables which best
      discriminated between these two subgroups was found. Nearly all patients could be
      classified as a short-survivor or long-survivor on the basis of age and platelet,
      blast, and normoblast counts in peripheral blood.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400
      WORDS)

PMID- 6589030
TI  - Coexistence of chronic myelogenous leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - A 55-year-old man is reported who initially developed chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia. Seven years later, after chemotherapy with chlorambucil, chronic
      myelogenous leukemia was diagnosed in addition to the chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia. Four previously reported cases with the same sequence of events are
      reviewed as well as cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia following chemotherapy
      alone.

PMID- 6589031
TI  - A cancer register-based case study of occupations of patients with acute myeloid
      leukemia.
AB  - All 636 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) reported to the Finnish Cancer
      Registry between 1971 and 1977 inclusive were compared with patients with other
      forms of cancer (non-AML) from the same registry. We found no increasing trend in
      the incidence of AML for either sex, but we found some evidence for regional
      clusters in certain provinces of Finland. A statistically significant higher
      incidence was found for men than women in the age group of 50 to 80 years.
      Classification according to occupation at the time of diagnosis revealed no
      statistically significant differences between the leukemia cases and the patients
      with other forms of cancer, but forestry work was more common among the men with
      AML, and both health care and food industry work were more common among the women
      with AML. Classification for exposure to chemicals, solvents, or drugs did not
      yield any statistical differences. The results were inconclusive with regard to
      the possible role of occupational factors in the etiology of acute myeloid
      leukemia.

PMID- 6589032
TI  - Endocarditis as a complication of indwelling right atrial catheters in leukemic
      patients.
AB  - Three patients with acute leukemia who had chronic indwelling right atrial
      catheters developed endocarditis. In all cases, the infection was cured with
      antibiotics only after removal of the infected catheter. Although infective
      endocarditis has been rarely noted in leukemic patients, the use of chronic
      indwelling catheters may lead to an increased incidence of this infection in
      these patients.

PMID- 6589033
TI  - Familial DiGuglielmo syndrome.
AB  - DiGuglielmo syndrome is usually considered an idiopathic disorder occurring
      sporadically. A family in which DiGuglielmo syndrome occurred in 4 of 11 siblings
      is reported. A fifth sibling has developed unexplained marrow hypoplasia. Serial
      morphologic and cytochemical studies, supplemented by cytogenetic studies,
      documented the evolution of disease. Cytogenetic and environmental investigations
      did not explain this clustering of blood dyscrasias although a genetic
      predisposition to marrow damage by environmental factors cannot be excluded. The
      natural history of the disease in this sibship may consist of initial reactive
      changes in the marrow with subsequent progression to myelodysplasia with
      sideroblastosis and, finally, to DiGuglielmo syndrome.

PMID- 6589034
TI  - Chromosome changes and splenectomy in Ph1-positive CML. II. Prognostic aspects in
      the blastic phase.
AB  - The effect of splenectomy during the blastic phase (BP) in Philadelphia (Ph1)
      positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) was correlated with the chromosome
      findings during that phase of the disease. Fifty-three patients were divided into
      six groups on the basis of the chromosome findings and splenectomy; i.e.,
      nonsplenectomized and splenectomized patients with only a Ph1 clone (PP/S- and
      PP/S+); nonsplenectomized and splenectomized patients with a clone containing
      only a Ph1 and another clone with karyotypic changes in addition to the Ph1 (AP/S
      and AP/S+), and nonsplenectomized and splenectomized patients with only abnormal
      clone(s) containing karyotypic abnormalities in addition to the Ph1 (AA/S- and
      AA/S+). The percentage of patients with a good therapeutic response in each group
      was higher in splenectomized than nonsplenectomized patients. The median survival
      after the onset of BP was 171 days (5.7 months) in PP/S-, 167 days (5.6 months)
      in PP/S+, 136 days (4.5 months) in AP/S-, 183 days (6.1 months) in AP/S+, 23 days
      (0.8 months) in AA/S-, and 155 (5.2 months) in AA/S+. Statistically, there was a
      significant difference only between AA/S- and the other groups. These findings
      may indicate that splenectomy during the blastic phase could contribute to an
      improved tolerance to chemotherapy in each group and prolong the survival after
      the onset of BP in AA patients.

PMID- 6589035
TI  - Translocation (9;11)(p21;q23) in a case of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML-M2).
AB  - A patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML-M2) and a balanced translocation,
      t(9;11)(p21;q23), is described. The translocation appears to be the same as that
      previously reported in some patients with acute monoblastic leukemia (AMoL-M5).
      This suggests that, although t(9;11)(p21;q23) frequently may be associated with
      AMoL, the translocation may not be specific for that disorder.

PMID- 6589036
TI  - Translocation 1;19--a new cytogenetic abnormality in acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - A study of the chromosomes of 125 consecutive patients with acute lymphocytic
      leukemia (ALL) showed the same translocation between chromosomes #1 and #19 in 5
      patients. In 4 of the 5, the t(1;19)(q21;q13) was present at diagnosis. The fifth
      patient, who had Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph1+) ALL, developed t(1;19)
      in first relapse. Trisomy 1q was involved in 2 of the 5 patients; 3 patients had
      additional abnormalities. All patients had low white cell counts at presentation
      (less than 35 X 10(9)/L), and the 4 patients tested had common ALL antigen
      (CALLA) positive leukemic blast cells. All achieved complete remission, including
      the Ph1+ ALL patient in first relapse, and survival times ranged from 4 to 21+ mo
      from the time the t(1;19) first appeared. Our data suggest that t(1;19) is a
      previously unrecognized nonrandom structural abnormality in ALL that is also
      found in other lymphoid malignancies. Unlike the other specific translocations,
      it is not associated with a poor prognosis.

PMID- 6589037
TI  - Acute promyelocytic transformation in a case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia.
AB  - An unusual case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia, with marked bone marrow
      eosinophilia and basophilia, is described in which there was cytogenetic evidence
      at presentation of acute promyelocytic transformation, with acquisition of the
      standard 15;17 translocation.

PMID- 6589038
TI  - Intraosseously transplantable osteosarcoma with regularly disseminating pulmonary
      metastases in rats.
AB  - An intratibially transplantable osteogenic sarcoma in rats, that regularly
      disseminates osteogenic metastases in the lung, is described. The tumor take
      rates exceeded 90% 30 days after transplantation. Pulmonary metastases were
      diagnosed in about 99% of the animals, while metastases in the kidneys (14%),
      lymph nodes (13%) and liver (3%) occurred less frequently. The mean survival time
      of untreated animals varied between 36 and 48 days, depending on the age at
      transplantation. Histologic and scintigraphic findings are reported.

PMID- 6589039
TI  - Experimental pharmacology of auromomycin in L1210 tumor cells in vitro and in
      vivo.
AB  - The antibiotic protein auromomycin (AUR) is composed of a chromophore and an
      apoprotein. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of AUR is associated with the
      chromophore, whereas the apoprotein is not cytotoxic. Exposure to AUR blocks cell
      cycle traverse in G2-M phase. Both AUR and the chromophore exhibit antitumor
      activity against murine L1210 leukemia, both in vitro and in vivo. Similarly,
      neocarzinostatin and its chromophore also show antitumor activity against L1210
      tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. AUR and neocarzinostatin apoproteins have no
      antitumor activity. The pharmacokinetics of 125I-labeled AUR in L1210 tumor
      bearing mice shows a triexponential drug decay and initial rapid clearance of
      drug from the blood. The distribution of AUR-associated radioactivity into
      various tissues is rapid, and at the end of 24 hr, there is little drug
      accumulation in the tissues. During the first hr, greater than 50% of the
      administered drug is eliminated in the urine. As the chromophores alone possess
      antitumor activity, the effect of these antitumor proteins in cancer chemotherapy
      might be significantly increased by the administration of protein preparations
      containing biologically active and stable chromophores.

PMID- 6589040
TI  - Relationship between a tumor promoter-induced decrease in queuine modification of
      transfer RNA in normal human cells and the expression of an altered cell
      phenotype.
AB  - With normal human skin fibroblasts in culture, a transient decrease in queuine
      modification of tRNA precedes a phorbol ester tumor promoter-induced 5- to 10
      fold increase in saturation density. Subsequently, an increase in the queuine
      content of cellular tRNA (to levels comparable to those in untreated cultures)
      precedes a decrease in saturation density. This reversal of the phorbol ester
      induced alteration in tRNA modification occurs in the continued presence of the
      tumor promoter, and it parallels an increased ability of the cells to salvage
      queuine from catabolized endogenous tRNA. Addition of exogenous queuine
      concurrently with the tumor promoter at early passage significantly inhibits the
      increase in saturation density. The results suggest a role for the decrease in
      queuine modification of tRNA in mediating the phenotypic change induced by the
      tumor promoter.

PMID- 6589041
TI  - Augmentation of human natural killer cell activity by cyclophosphamide in vitro.
AB  - Cyclophosphamide (CY) has been shown to modulate a number of immune responses. In
      the present study, we have examined the effect of CY on human natural killer (NK)
      cells in vitro. Lymphocytes from six normal volunteers were cultured alone or
      with CY in the medium containing human AB plasma, and their cytotoxicity was
      assessed against cells of K562. The results demonstrated that lymphocytes when
      cultured with CY had 154 to 333% increase in NK cell activity as compared to
      lymphocytes that were cultured in the absence of CY. Similarly, CY markedly
      boosted the cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes from two healthy donors against
      cells from cultured B-leukemia 3163. Maximal augmentation occurred in cultured
      lymphocytes that expressed low levels of effector NK activity. Lymphocytes from
      13 of 15 children with acute leukemia in remission when cultured alone had no
      reactivity to autologous leukemia cells. In the presence of CY, lymphocytes from
      eight of 15 of these patients developed cytotoxicity against autologous leukemia
      cells. CY was effective in augmenting NK cell activity at concentrations ranging
      from 7.5 to 60 micrograms/ml. Maximal potentiation of NK cell activity was
      induced after 8 hr of treatment with CY, although the increase in NK activity was
      started within 2 hr of incubation with CY. CY-activated NK cells were found in
      glass wool- and nylon wool-nonadherent cells. Treatment of lymphocytes with CY
      did not increase the extracellular levels of interferon. The results of this
      study demonstrate that CY can activate NK cells in vitro. The possible mechanisms
      of CY-induced augmentation of NK cell activity are discussed.

PMID- 6589042
TI  - Failure of late intensification therapy to improve a poor result in childhood
      lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - This clinical study, begun in 1975, tested the efficacy of early and delayed
      intensification treatments in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
      Regardless of presenting features, all patients received 4 weeks of conventional
      induction therapy with daily prednisone and weekly vincristine and daunorubicin.
      One-third were randomized to receive, in addition, two doses of asparaginase
      during induction therapy, while another one-third received four doses of both
      asparaginase and cytarabine after remission induction. Preventive central nervous
      system therapy uniformly included 2400 rads cranial irradiation and five doses of
      intrathecal methotrexate. Remissions were maintained with daily p.o.
      mercaptopurine and weekly i.v. methotrexate. Of the 277 assessable patients, 254
      (92%) entered complete remission, and 102 (37%) remain clinically free of
      leukemia for 4.6 to 8.0 years (median, 6.3 years). The three treatment groups
      showed no significant differences in either remission induction rate or outcome,
      even when the analysis was based on risk assignment. A "late intensification"
      phase of therapy, added to the maintenance protocol for 65 patients who had been
      in continuous complete remission for 14 to 30 months, failed to extend remission
      durations, as judged from statistical comparison with matched controls (p =
      0.84). When tested as a time-dependent covariate in the Cox proportional-hazards
      model, delayed intensification again showed no important effect on duration of
      complete remission. We conclude that limited early or aggressive late
      intensification of therapy, as described here, does not improve outcome in
      childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6589043
TI  - Altered 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate amidotransferase activity in 6
      thioguanine-resistant HL-60 human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells.
AB  - A novel mechanism of resistance to the antileukemic agent 6-thioguanine (TGua)
      was demonstrated in a clone (TGuo-30-2) derived from HL-60 human acute
      promyelocytic leukemia cells. The clone was isolated by prescreening mutagenized
      HL-60 cells in hypoxanthine-amethopterin-thymidine medium, followed by selection
      with 6-thioguanosine. TGuo-30-2 cells were cross-resistant to TGua and beta-2'
      deoxythioguanosine. TGuo-30-2 cells exhibited a marked decrease in the capacity
      to accumulate intracellular TGua nucleotides after treatment with TGua. The
      decrease in accumulation was not caused by a defect in transport, a lack or
      alteration of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity, or
      enhanced degradation of TGua nucleotides but appeared to be due to the
      maintenance of a lowered level of 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) in the
      resistant variant, which corresponded to 20% of the parental concentration.
      Despite the decrease in PRPP levels, incorporation of glycine into purine
      nucleotides was greater in TGuo-30-2 than in parental cells. Measurement of PRPP
      amidotransferase activity using cell homogenates revealed altered kinetics for
      the enzyme from TGuo-30-2 cells, which included significant loss of sensitivity
      to feedback inhibition by 6-thioguanosine 5'-phosphate and greater catalytic
      activity at low concentrations of PRPP.

PMID- 6589044
TI  - Regulation of acetylcholinesterase expression in the K-562 cell line.
AB  - Acetylcholinesterase, an erythroid marker constitutively expressed in K-562
      cells, can be further induced by sodium butyrate. The highest level of
      acetylcholinesterase induction is reached in approximately equal to 3 days, in
      parallel with increased hemoglobin expression. Acetylcholinesterase induction is
      reversible, and repeated addition of butyrate is necessary to maintain a high
      level of the enzyme. Actinomycin D inhibits the induction.

PMID- 6589045
TI  - Multiple forms and fragments of cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors from human
      leukemic cells and normal lymphocytes.
AB  - Therapy with glucocorticoids is generally more effective in acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia than in other types of human leukemia. Previous studies, however, have
      not revealed any consistent relationship between clinical responsiveness and the
      cellular or cytosolic concentration of glucocorticoid-binding sites. The
      objectives of this study were to determine whether there are intrinsic structural
      differences among the glucocorticoid receptors in various types of leukemic cells
      and normal lymphocytes and to investigate the role of endogenous peptidases in
      receptor degradation. Cytosols were prepared from fresh or rapidly frozen
      leukocytes from 6 healthy adults and 35 high-risk leukemia patients (median white
      blood cell count, 150,000 cells/microliter; median age, 13 years). Receptors were
      labeled with [3H]triamcinolone acetonide and quantitated by charcoal-dextran
      treatment or Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. Mean and median cytosolic receptor
      concentrations in 12 acute lymphoblastic leukemia specimens lacking the standard
      B-cell or T-cell markers ("null cells") were approximately 4-fold higher than in
      23 other leukemic cell specimens. No other consistent differences in receptor
      content were observed. Agarose filtration and ultracentrifugation in hypotonic
      buffers containing 20 mM Na2MoO4 revealed complexes of similar size and shape in
      all clinical specimens tested and two established leukemic cell lines. They had
      Stokes radii (Rs) of 8.1 +/- 0.5 (S.D.) nm (n = 50), sedimentation coefficients
      of 9.5 +/- 0.3S (n = 40), molecular weights of approximately 330,000, and axial
      ratios (a/b) of approximately 12. In hypertonic, molybdate-free buffer, these
      oligomeric complexes were dissociated into subunits with Rs of 5.9 +/- 0.3 nm (n
      = 12) and a/b of 11 to 12, as observed previously for other receptors.
      Fragmentation of the oligomer and the subunit was evident in some cytosols. High
      activities of peptidases of various specificities were detected in leukemic cell
      cytosols, as in other cytosols, by fluorometric assays with derivatives of 7
      amino-4-methylcoumarin. Receptor cleavage by these and other endogenous enzymes
      may account for previous observations of "abnormal" receptors in cytosols from
      some leukemic specimens. We conclude that intrinsic structural defects in the
      receptors are unlikely explanations for the unresponsiveness of some types of
      leukemia to steroid therapy.

PMID- 6589046
TI  - Cell cycle events associated with the termination of proliferation by cytotoxic
      and differentiation-inducing actions of 6-thioguanine on HL-60 cells.
AB  - Delayed growth arrest was observed in HL-60 acute promyelocytic leukemia cells
      after exposure to 6-thioguanine (TG). This growth arrest occurred in both wild
      type HL-60 cells exposed to 2 microM TG and an HL-60 clone lacking hypoxanthine
      guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) activity at a 500-fold higher
      concentration of drug. Both cell lines continued replication during an initial 4
      day period of exposure to TG; however, upon removal of the purine antimetabolite
      and reincubation in fresh medium in the absence of drug, no further increase in
      cell number was observed over the next 4 days. Extensive differentiation, as
      measured by the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium, occurred in TG-treated, HL-60
      HGPRT-negative cells, whereas no significant increase in the number of nitroblue
      tetrazolium-positive cells was observed in wild-type HL-60 cells exposed to the
      purinethiol. Thus, termination of proliferation in wild-type cells appeared to be
      an expression of cytotoxicity, while in the HGPRT-negative clone, cell
      replication was apparently terminated by conversion of cells to end-stage forms
      with a mature phenotype. In support of this conclusion, differences occurred in
      the stage of the cell cycle arrest, determined on Day 6 after exposure to TG.
      Approximately 85% of parental HL-60 cells treated with TG were present in the S
      and G2 + M phases of the cell cycle, with the greatest proportional change from
      untreated controls being in the G2-M phase (i.e., a 63% increase over untreated
      controls). In contrast, HL-60 HGPRT-negative cells treated with TG accumulated in
      G1, with 68% of the population located in this phase (i.e., an 80% increase
      compared to controls), as might be expected for a differentiated population.
      Dimethyl sulfoxide, which produced differentiation in both parental HL-60 and HL
      60 HGPRT-negative cells, was used as a positive control. Both cell lines
      responded identically to dimethyl sulfoxide, with growth arrest being due at
      least in part to differentiation, which corresponded to an increase in G1 cells.

PMID- 6589047
TI  - Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in red blood cells
      from patients with malignant diseases.
AB  - Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities have
      been determined in red blood cells isolated from patients with acute myelogenous
      leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, lymphosarcoma, and
      various visceral cancers. In all investigated cases, both catalase and
      glutathione peroxidase were found to be in normal ranges of activity. In the
      group of patients with visceral cancers, SOD activity was found to be normal as
      well. In contrast, SOD activity was found to be significantly increased in red
      blood cells from patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and lymphoproliferative
      syndromes. This increase in superoxide level was not related to either
      reticulocytosis or hypochromic anemia. No relationship was found between the SOD
      level and the stage, the extension of the disease, or the presence of an
      inflammatory syndrome. The highest SOD levels were observed in untreated patients
      or during the early time period of the treatment. SOD levels further decrease as
      a function of the increase in the duration of the treatment. These results
      suggest an abnormality in the regulation of the expression of the SOD gene in the
      pluripotent stem cells.

PMID- 6589048
TI  - [Relation between immunological and morphological characteristics and the
      clinical course in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6589050
TI  - [Multiple injuries in the case material of a pediatric oral surgery department].

PMID- 6589049
TI  - Conversion of a secretory protein into a transmembrane protein results in its
      transport to the Golgi complex but not to the cell surface.
AB  - We have carried out experiments designed to ask if it is possible to convert a
      secretory protein into an integral membrane protein by appending the membrane
      spanning domain of an integral membrane protein to its carboxy terminus. We first
      obtained expression of a cDNA clone encoding rat growth hormone (rGH) in
      eucaryotic cells, and found that this protein was secreted. We then constructed
      and expressed a hybrid gene encoding rGH fused to the membrane spanning and
      cytoplasmic domains of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) glycoprotein (G).
      This fusion protein was anchored in microsomal membranes in the expected
      transmembrane configuration. The fusion protein was transported to the Golgi
      apparatus, and was esterified to palmitic acid, but it was not transported to the
      cell surface. We suggest that the sorting signal which allows rapid secretion of
      soluble rGH does not function when the protein is bound to the membrane.

PMID- 6589051
TI  - [Oligosymptomatic form of the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome involving the cheek
      mucosa].

PMID- 6589052
TI  - [Computer sialotomography of the parotid glands].

PMID- 6589053
TI  - [Bruxism and other parafunctions in the symptomatology of arthropathies of the
      temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6589054
TI  - [Convenient method for teaching toothbrushing to preschool children].

PMID- 6589055
TI  - [Morphology of the apical periodontium and its importance in clinical
      endodontics].

PMID- 6589056
TI  - [1-stage surgical treatment of diffuse periodontitis under general anaesthesia].

PMID- 6589057
TI  - [Distribution of Streptococcus, S. mutans and S. sanguis in the human oral
      cavity].

PMID- 6589058
TI  - [Intensive treatment of retrocclusion with protrusion. II].

PMID- 6589059
TI  - [Common and uncommon metastases of malignant tumors in the cervical lymphatic
      system].

PMID- 6589060
TI  - [Analysis of the supporting zone using statistical methods].

PMID- 6589061
TI  - [Various causes of failure in orthodontic therapy].

PMID- 6589062
TI  - [Intensive treatment of retro-occlusion with protrusion].

PMID- 6589063
TI  - [Replantation of teeth from biomechanical aspects].

PMID- 6589064
TI  - [Initial experiences with computer tomography in maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 6589065
TI  - [Problems of intermaxillary fixation in multiple injuries].

PMID- 6589066
TI  - [Incidence of Entamoeba gingivalis in edentulous patients].

PMID- 6589067
TI  - [Current status of the dentition and the development of dental therapy and
      preventive care in the East Slovakian region].

PMID- 6589068
TI  - [Relation of jaw fractures and tooth fractures in children and adolescents].

PMID- 6589069
TI  - [Biomechanics of the orofacial region. III. Mechanical properties of the
      periodontium. 2].

PMID- 6589070
TI  - [Automated processing of the cephalogram].

PMID- 6589071
TI  - [Axial inclination of the incisors and their biostatic loading].

PMID- 6589072
TI  - [Our modification of the Alveolar Bone Resorption Index].

PMID- 6589073
TI  - [Lead content in dental tartar].

PMID- 6589074
TI  - [Indirect lymphography in the diagnosis of metastases of carcinoma of the tongue
      and mouth floor].

PMID- 6589075
TI  - [Application of computers in cephalometry].

PMID- 6589076
TI  - [Toxic-allergic reactions to hydantoinate and its transformation into carcinoma
      after 30 years].

PMID- 6589077
TI  - [Results of teleroentgenographic analyses in Soviet dentistry].

PMID- 6589078
TI  - [The stress of general anaesthesia and surgery in patients in the 8th and 9th
      decade].

PMID- 6589079
TI  - [Malignant tumors of the orofacial region treated in in-patient departments].

PMID- 6589080
TI  - [Urbach-Wiethe disease with uncommon manifestations].

PMID- 6589081
TI  - [Submandibular lymphadenitis in children from the aspect of rational therapy].

PMID- 6589082
TI  - [Extended-wear lenses in the aphakic patient].

PMID- 6589083
TI  - Hemodynamics in experimental endotoxin shock with continuous administration.
AB  - Experimental endotoxin shock was induced with 4 mg/kg of purified endotoxin by
      continuous infusion instead of bolus injection in order to simulate the clinical
      condition. Abrupt decrease in the mean artery pressure and transient increase in
      the pulmonary artery pressure, which were usually seen in the initial stage
      accompanying the bolus injection of endotoxin, did not occur with continuous
      infusion. The superior mesenteric fraction rate of cardiac output (CO) in our
      study showed an increase, which was different from the small intestinal fraction
      rate of CO shown by Okada et al. by the micro-sphere method (MS method)
      accompanying the bolus injection of endotoxin. These effects might be caused by
      the difference in the injection method and endotoxin dose. Measurements of the
      cardiac output, common carotid artery flow, renal artery flow and superior
      mesenteric artery flow proved that the largest reduction was observed in the
      renal blood flow.

PMID- 6589084
TI  - Further experience with ioxaglate femoral arteriography. Using a roll-film
      changer for serial whole-limb angiography.
AB  - Forty-seven serial whole-limb angiograms using ioxaglate as the contrast medium
      were obtained. The contrast column passing through the arteries of the
      extremities was sequentially analyzed in all of the whole-limb angiograms. Good
      results could be expected in percutaneous femoral arteriography by the antidromic
      injection of 30 ml or more of the contrast medium at various speeds ranging from
      3 to 4 ml per second.

PMID- 6589085
TI  - Morphometrical analysis of autopsy hearts of congestive cardiomyopathy.
AB  - To analyse the morphological changes of 25 autopsy hearts of 18 males, 7 females
      including 3 children with congestive cardiomyopathy (COCM), measurements of the
      heart weight, chamber volume, wall thickness, circumference of the valvular
      annulus, thickness of the valvular cusp and transverse diameter of the muscle
      fiber were performed. The mean onset of heart failure was 38 years of age, the
      mean duration 60 months, the mean age of death 43 years, the mean heart weight
      513 g and the mean total chamber volume 286 ml, the mean chamber volume being 89
      ml in the left ventricle (LV), 72 ml in the right ventricle (RV), 71 ml in the
      right atrium (RA) and 55 ml in the left atrium (LA). Various kinds of correlation
      among these measured parameters were analysed statistically. There was a
      significant correlation between the heart weight and the total chamber volume (P
      less than 0.05), the volume of LV and RV (p less than 0.05), the volume of RV and
      RA (P less than 0.01), the volume of RA and the circumference of the TV annulus
      (P less than 0.0001) and the volume of LA and the circumference of the MV annulus
      (P less than 0.001). These data were also compared according to the mode of death
      (arrhythmia versus heart failure) and the duration of survival (more than 5 years
      versus 5 years or less). No statistically significant differences between the
      above groups were found except for the total chamber volume.

PMID- 6589086
TI  - Relation between Friend leukemia virus-induced leukemia and genetic control of
      the host.
AB  - Hematological assays of inbred specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice of ten different
      strains inoculated with Friend leukemia virus (FLV) were performed
      chronologically to assess whether the genetic control of the host may play an
      important role in viral oncogenicity. Mice strains C57BL/6J, B10 (H-2b) and B10D2
      (H-2d) were FLV-resistant, BALB/c, DBA/2N (H-2d), RFM (H-2f), AKR and 80% of
      CBA/JN (H-2k) were FLV-sensitive (polycythemia) and C3H/He, B10Br and 20% of
      CBA/JN (H-2k) were FLV-sensitive (anemia). Only the AKR strain mice showed a
      spontaneous regression of splenomegaly. These results indicate that there is not
      a strong but a weak correlation between the H-2 haplotype and the reaction to
      FLV. The main phenomenon in the anemic mice was the monotonous proliferation of
      the naked blastic cell, whereas that in the polycythemic mice was the enormous
      increase of the mature erythroblast and the decrease of the naked blastic cell in
      the later phase. These facts suggest that the naked blastic cell in the mice with
      polycythemia are reactive and that in the mice anemia truly neoplastic.

PMID- 6589087
TI  - Application of carbon fiber (CF)-cloth reinforcement to upper complete denture
      base.
AB  - The acrylic resin denture base is used more than the usual metal denture base
      because of the low cost, simple process to make and easy rebasing. But, as the
      strength of the resin is weaker, the upper resin denture base is three to four
      times as thick as the metal denture base. So, a study was made to make the upper
      complete resin denture base thinner while maintaining the strength of the resin
      denture bases currently in use now. To make the palatal area of the denture base
      thinner was made possible by the application of carbon fiber (CF)-cloth
      reinforcement. The resin denture base reinforced by the CF-cloth was of a
      thickness of 0.7 mm and was evaluated for the mechanical properties of bending.
      As a result, it was found that both the stiffness and strength were improved by
      10% or more as compared with those of the ordinary resin denture bases.

PMID- 6589088
TI  - Effect of fluoroacetate on the physiological distal drift of rat molar.
AB  - The effect of fluoroacetate (FA) on the physiological distal drift of the rat
      molar was investigated in this study. FA produced a dose-dependent inhibition of
      the bone formation ratio on the modeling side. The total number of osteoclast
      population on the remodeling side decreased with the increase of the dose of FA,
      but not dose-dependently. Therefore, the physiological distal drift seemed to be
      inhibited by the FA injections and the rate of the distal drift seemed to be not
      proportional to the total number of osteoclasts on the remodeling side. Among the
      osteoclast population, the number of multinucleated cells in contact with the
      bone surface (on-bone multinucleated osteoclasts) decreased considerably when the
      physiological distal drift was inhibited by the FA injections. The availability
      of the change in the number of the on-bone multinucleated osteoclasts as a marker
      of the degree of bone resorption was also discussed.

PMID- 6589089
TI  - Analysis of sialic acids in bovine intestinal mucins.
AB  - Molecular species of sialic acids released by mild acid hydrolysis from mucins of
      bovine small and large intestine were characterized by two dimensional thin-layer
      chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The small and large
      intestinal mucins contained both N-acetyl- and N-glycolylneuraminic acid.
      Although O-acetylated derivatives were not detectable in the small intestinal
      mucin, 9-O-acetyl-N-glycolylneuraminic acid was demonstrated in the large
      intestinal mucin by thin-layer chromatography and its structure was confirmed by
      mass spectrometry. Moreover, the presence of three kinds of O-acetyl-N
      acetylneuraminic acid and five kinds of O-acetyl-N-glycolylneuraminic acid in the
      large intestinal mucin was suggested by thin-layer chromatography and mass
      chromatography. The limited distribution of O-acetylated neuraminic acids
      suggests that their derivatives are only produced in the mucous glands of the
      large intestine.

PMID- 6589090
TI  - Morphological analysis of the fascial lamination of the trunk.
AB  - For a fuller understanding of the fascial relationships of the visceral organs
      and their vessels, a general scheme is presented. According to this scheme, there
      are four basic layers internal as well as external to the trunk musculature. In
      the abdomen, the internal layers (numbered outwards) consist of (1) the
      peritoneum, (2) the deep layer of the subperitoneal fascia, (3) the superficial
      layer of the subperitoneal fascia and (4) the transversalis fascia, while the
      external layers (numbered inwards) comprise (1) the skin, (2) the superficial
      layer of the subcutaneous fascia, (3) the deep layer of the subcutaneous fascia
      and (4) the investing layer of the abdominal fascia. Each interfascial space
      between layers 2 and 3 gives passage to the main vessels and nerves and will be
      referred to as the "neurovascular corridor." By the addition of some slight
      modifications to the basic scheme, the fascial relationships of some organs is
      illustrated. Photographs of dissections, substantiating the schemes are also
      included. The schemes and dissections together demonstrate three points: The
      mammary gland to be situated within the neurovascular corridor, external to the
      thorax, That the layers of the renal fascia, comprising layers 2 and 3, continue
      into the pelvic cavity to form the fascia around the ureter and urinary bladder,
      An outline arrangement of the vascular sheath in the pelvis.

PMID- 6589091
TI  - Studies of the effects of fluoroacetate on ameloblasts in rat incisor.
AB  - The effects of fluoroacetate on the ameloblasts were studied in the rat incisor.
      Fluoroacetate is an inhibitor of tricarboxylic acid cycle and accumulation of
      citrate occurred in the animal tissues due to fluoroacetate administration. In
      the present study, fluoroacetate injection caused severe morphologic changes in
      the ameloblasts. The most prominent change was observed in the mitochondria.
      Reduction of the mitochondrial matrix density was the earliest change followed by
      varying degrees of matrix swelling. Loss of the matrix granules and
      disintegration of the cristae were also observed. The difference in the
      mitochondrial activities in regard to the citrate metabolism was found between
      the matrix formation stage and the maturation stage in the ameloblasts. Extensive
      dilatation of the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and grossly enlarged
      vacuoles were found mainly in the early maturation stage at 12 and 24 hours after
      the fluoroacetate administration. These abnormally large vacuoles seemed to be
      caused by the water stored within the endoplasmic reticulum cisternae.
      Accumulation of plasma citrate and decrease of ionized calcium concentration in
      the whole blood were observed in the fluoroacetate treated group. These findings
      suggest that fluoroacetate may cause the lowering of the function of the
      ameloblasts through the suppression of cell energy production and that both the
      secretion of the matrix and the calcification of the enamel may be inhibited.

PMID- 6589092
TI  - Oscillations of membrane potential and tension in canine ventricular muscle
      fibers.
AB  - The membrane potentials and isometric tension of canine ventricular muscle fibers
      in the K+-free, Ca2+-rich solution developing oscillatory afterpotentials (OAPs)
      were recorded simultaneously. The OAPs were always accompanied by
      aftercontractions (ACs). Both activities appeared with almost a similar frequency
      and timing. The amplitude of the OAPs, ACs and twitch tension were dependent on
      the basic cycle length of the train as well as on the number of impulses. The
      manner of this dependence was similar in the OAPs and ACs but showed a slight
      difference in the twitch tension. The increase in the [Ca2+]0 and the application
      of isoproterenol caused augmentation of the OAPs during the application. By
      washing out the drug, the OAPs and ACs quickly recovered to the control level but
      the twitch tension did not. The application of 2 mM K+ or Rb+ quickly and
      reversibly abolished the OAPs and ACs with a marked suppression of the twitch
      tension. One mM of caffeine eliminated the oscillations of both the membrane
      potentials and tension. The wash-out of caffeine brought about a transient
      increase in the OAPs and ACs. Two or five mM of procaine caused a complete
      elimination of the OAPs and ACs. These results suggest that the OAPs are formed
      by a process related to the cyclic release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic
      reticulum.

PMID- 6589093
TI  - Susceptibility of the Danish housefly, Musca domestica Linne to pyrethroid.
AB  - The insecticidal activity of a new pyrethroid, fenvalerate, and the effects of
      its synergists were evaluated using te 49-s and 381-s strains from Denmark which
      are both resistant to pyrethroid. It was found that the effect of fenvalerate was
      poor on the pyrethroid-resistant strains and little was expected from the
      addition of its synergists. Rapid development of resistance was observed in the
      49-s strain during the selection with permethrin.

PMID- 6589094
TI  - The effect of colchicine on the pigmentation of the enamel surface in rat
      incisors.
AB  - The effect of colchicine and lumicolchicine on the secretion of an iron
      containing pigment vesicle onto the enamel surface in the rat maxillary incisors
      has been studied histologically and by line scan analysis of the iron with an X
      ray microanalyzer. Rats were killed at intervals of 12 and 24 hours and 3, 6 and
      10 days after the subcutaneous injection of colchicine or lumicolchicine at a
      dose of 1.3 mg/kg. At 10 days after the colchicine injection, two pigmentation
      free bands were observed on the enamel surface in each pair of incisors. By the
      line scan analysis of the iron with an X-ray microanalyzer, the pigmentation-free
      bands corresponded to the decrease of the iron concentration profile. By the
      histological observation at 12 and 24 hours after the injection, no remarkable
      changes were observed from the late pigmentation stage to the regression stage.
      However, at 3 and 6 days after the injection, the pigmentation-free bands
      appeared on the enamel surface. A large number of pigment vesicles was observed
      in the ameloblasts and in the papillary cells facing the pigmentation-free bands.
      These phenomena were not observed in the rats injected with lumicolchicine. The
      present study suggests that the secretion of an iron-containing pigment vesicle
      in the ameloblasts onto the enamel surface is mediated by the microtubules.

PMID- 6589095
TI  - Dental survey in Nigeria. Part I. Prevalence of dental caries in Nigeria.
AB  - A joint dental epidemiological survey was carried out in 1981 in the ancient city
      of Ile-Ife and its environs in the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The survey was
      made with the University of Ife, Ile-Ife, Oyo State, Nigeria, as the base. The
      occurrence of caries in 898 Nigerian school children of 509 urban and 389 rural
      children was compared with the occurrence of caries in the Japanese children. The
      results showed that the incidence of caries in the Nigerian school children was
      much lower than that of their Japanese counterpart. However, it is projected that
      with the increase in the consumption of sweet drinks and food in Nigeria, if
      superimposed on the existing poor oral hygiene, the incidence of caries will
      increase greatly.

PMID- 6589096
TI  - The functional and biochemical changes of platelets in experimental decompression
      sickness of rabbits.
AB  - The functional and biochemical changes of rabbit platelets were studied after an
      exposure to 6 ATA (atmosphere absolute) for 40 min (bottom time). Platelet counts
      significantly decreased after the decompression. Platelet aggregation induced by
      collagen was not changed. Although there was no change in the mode volume of
      platelets after the decompression, the transient appearance of circulating
      smaller or fragmented platelets suggested a random over-destruction of platelets.
      Whole and releasable adenine nucleotide contents of platelets were decreased
      significantly after the decompression. There were no significant changes in
      cytoplasmic adenine nucleotide contents. Therefore, in decompression sickness,
      the circulating platelets behaved similarly to those in acquired storage pool
      disease. Platelet thrombi were found in the pulmonary arteries. These findings
      suggest that circulating air-bubbles interact with platelets, causing the
      platelet release reaction, and these activated platelets participate in the
      formation of thrombi in experimental decompression sickness.

PMID- 6589097
TI  - Evaluation of periventricular hypodensity in adult hydrocephalus with CT
      cisternography and xenon-enhanced CT.
AB  - Metrizamide CT cisternography and Xenon-enhanced CT were employed to evaluate the
      periventricular hypodensity (PVH). CT cisternography was performed on adult cases
      with suspected communicating hydrocephalus, of which 43 cases showing ventricular
      reflux were investigated. In those cases in which significant transition of
      metrizamide into the area of PVH was followed after the ventricular reflux and
      stasis, the shunt operation was effective. The PVH disappeared post-operatively.
      However, in cases with PVH in which the metrizamide penetration did not occur,
      the PVH did not disappear post-operatively and clinical improvement was not
      detected. Xenon-enhanced CT was performed in six cases. Three cases exhibited
      communicating hydrocephalus, in which the area of PVH was not enhanced by
      metrizamide with CT cisternography. The other cases demonstrated acute high
      pressure hydrocephalus. The PVH in the former cases was neither enhanced by Xenon
      nor metrizamide, while the latter was enhanced significantly. Studies suggested
      that the reversible PVH was the result of an abnormally increased transition of
      cerebrospinal fluid through the ependymal layer, while the irreversible PVH
      resulted from the axonal destruction or demyelination of the periventricular
      white matter.

PMID- 6589098
TI  - Platelet monoamine oxidase and phenolsulphotransferase M and P in cancer.
AB  - Phenolsulphotransferase and monoamine oxidase inactivate a wide range of dietary
      and endogenous phenols/monoamines by sulphoconjugation and oxidative deamination
      respectively. In this study, both enzymes were measured in platelets from cancer
      patients and controls. Of the two variants of phenolsulphotransferase, activity
      of the P form was normal in all groups. Activity of the M form was, however,
      significantly less than control values in patients with cancer of the rectum and
      bowel but not in other cancer patient groups. If this finding reflects enzyme
      activity elsewhere in the body and is not merely a manifestation of an abnormal
      platelet population, the deficit could expose affected subjects to the action of
      potentially carcinogenic dietary phenols. Platelet monoamine oxidase activity was
      significantly raised in the cancer group as a whole, and in all sub-types
      investigated apart from breast cancer. The increase in the cancer group as a
      whole was independent of sex, age, drugs, radiotherapy, smoking or platelet
      count. Its mechanism and significance are unknown but there may be links with the
      patients' psychiatric state.

PMID- 6589099
TI  - Detection of increased bile acid excretion by determination of bile acid content
      in single stool samples.

PMID- 6589100
TI  - A cytochemical section bioassay for plasma trilostane: an orally active inhibitor
      of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity.
AB  - Trilostane is a competitive inhibitor of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
      activity in vitro and an orally active inhibitor of steroidogenesis in vivo. A
      cytochemical section bioassay for this drug (4 alpha, 5-epoxy-17 beta-hydroxy-3
      oxo-5 alpha-androstane-2 alpha-carbonitrile) in human plasma has been developed.
      The assay is based upon the inhibition of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3
      beta-HSD) activity in the corpus luteum of unfixed tissue sections (6 micron) of
      the mature dioestrous rat ovary. Trilostane is extracted from plasma by a simple
      chloroform procedure. The standard curve (0.15-2.5 mumol/l pure trilostane)
      exhibits a four-fold change in 3 beta-HSD activity and is constructed in the
      presence of extract from control plasma pools. The detection limit of the plasma
      assay is 2 mumol/l trilostane after allowing for dilution effects and recovery
      losses. This level gives a significantly different response from the zero quality
      control (P less than 0.05) and has an inter-assay coefficient of variation of
      less than 15%. No false positives have been recorded to date and the majority of
      samples from subjects receiving therapeutic doses of the drug have levels of
      greater than 2 mumol/l. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation using
      both plasma quality controls and unknown samples are 4% (n = 15) and 13.9% (n =
      27) respectively. Recovery is 80 +/- 9% (n = 13) and 79 +/- 10% (n = 10) for
      plasma quality controls containing 12 and 4.8 mumol/l trilostane respectively.
      Dilutions (up to 1:5) of plasma extracts are parallel to the standard curve and
      the assay throughput is approximately 16 samples/week technician.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6589103
TI  - Gallium-67 citrate scintigraphy in toxic megacolon.

PMID- 6589102
TI  - Appearance of Ga-67 citrate scanning in a patient with Mikulicz's syndrome
      associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A case report.
AB  - The case of a patient with Mikulicz's syndrome and associated non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma is described. Description of the Ga-67 scan in Mikulicz's syndrome is
      presented.

PMID- 6589105
TI  - Restorative dental care of children participating in a school based plaque
      control programme in London.
AB  - The effect of a school based plaque control programme on restorative dental
      treatment was investigated over a 4-yr period. The programme consisted of
      fortnightly visits to a hygienist during term time for oral hygiene reinforcement
      and prophylaxis during the first 3 yr. The subjects were girls aged 11-12 yr at
      baseline and all attended the same school; the present study was concerned with
      the subjects in both the experimental and control groups who attended the dentist
      based in the school for restorative care (n = 147 for the first year falling to
      108 for the 4-yr period). During the first year, the subjects treated from the
      experimental group received significantly fewer restorations than the subjects
      treated from the control group. This significant difference was not seen in the
      subsequent 3 yr and the mean number of restorations provided over the 4-yr period
      in the experimental and control groups respectively was 5.45 and 6.67. The
      corresponding 4 yr DFS increments for these groups were 5.56 and 5.52. The
      anomalous first finding appeared to have been due more to decayed surfaces being
      present in the control group at baseline. The results for restorative care
      generally confirmed the ineffectiveness of the programme in preventing caries and
      the relatively low caries increments reflect the reductions in caries experience
      occurring in similar communities during the period of the study.

PMID- 6589101
TI  - Comparison of the effect of various stimuli on the leishmaniacidal capacity of
      human monocytes in vitro.
AB  - Leishmania organisms are obligate intracellular parasites of mammalian
      mononuclear phagocytes in vivo. In order to study the interactions of these
      parasites and mononuclear phagocytes, we have used a model of infection of
      Leishmania major in human monocytes in vitro. The presence of intracellular
      parasites did not alter the normal secretion of lysozyme or result in increased
      secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) or superoxide anion by the monocytes.
      Addition of concanavalin A (Con A), which binds to a specific membrane receptor,
      zymosan particles or endotoxin to infected monocyte monolayers, resulted in the
      expected increase in PGE2 secretion. In addition, the production of superoxide by
      infected monocytes treated with phorbol myristate acetate was not different from
      control uninfected cultures. Despite this evidence of biochemical activation,
      neither endotoxin, zymosan nor Con A had any parasiticidal effect on the
      intracellular parasites. In contrast, Con A-induced lymphokines from human
      mononuclear cells resulted in an increased killing of the intracellular
      amastigotes. These studies have shown that the induction of leishmaniacidal
      capacity of human monocytes is dependent on the type of stimulus used to induce
      activation.

PMID- 6589104
TI  - Plasma levels and urinary excretion of prostaglandins in patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - No significant differences were found in plasma concentrations and urinary
      excretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 6-keto-prostaglandin-F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1
      alpha) and thromboxane B2 (TxB2), between rheumatoid arthritis patients and
      controls. However, urinary excretion of PGEe and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha tended to be
      greater and plasma levels of TxB2 lower in rheumatoid arthritis. Plasma
      concentrations and urinary excretion showed no marked circadian variation,
      although night or morning values were slightly lower. Plasma and urine
      prostaglandins do not correlate with clinical symptomatology in rheumatoid
      arthritis.

PMID- 6589106
TI  - Relative effectiveness of a rotary and conventional toothbrush in plaque removal.
AB  - The ability of a powered rotary toothbrush to remove 3- and 4-day-old microbial
      plaque deposits was evaluated in 10 young adults with healthy gingivae. Using a
      split mouth technique and a cross-over experimental design, the powered brush was
      compared with a conventional hand brush over a 14-day period. Statistical
      analysis of the results showed no significant differences between either method
      of brushing when the whole mouth, maxillary or mandibular arches were compared.
      Further analysis of the proximal scores again showed no significant differences
      between the powered brush or handbrush. The majority of the subjects preferred
      the conventional handbrush to the powered brush.

PMID- 6589107
TI  - Normative and subjective need and utilization of complete denture services.
AB  - The need for complete denture treatment was compared to utilization of complete
      denture services. To estimate the need for complete denture treatment we used
      data from the Mini-Finland Survey which included 3620 persons who were edentulous
      in one or both jaws. Data about utilization of services was obtained through
      questionnaires sent to samples of dentists and special dental technicians.
      Utilization of services was 21.8% of the need assessed with professional criteria
      and 17.7% of the subjective need. Compared to the subjectively assessed need,
      utilization of complete denture services was highest among young women and lowest
      among men aged 60-69 yr. Subjective need for denture services was highest in
      older groups. From these results we conclude that certain barriers prevent
      patients from seeking care; and as these barriers are reduced, use of complete
      denture services may increase.

PMID- 6589108
TI  - Investigation into the relationship between deviations in X-ray angulation and
      images of proximal overlapping on bite-wing radiographs.
AB  - Eleven child skulls were radiographed through a range of 50 degrees by varying
      the horizontal angulation of the X-ray beam in steps of 2 or 5 degrees. The
      changes in the width of overlapping contact images and the ranges through which
      no overlap occurred were measured. A linear relationship between changes in X-ray
      beam angulation and overlap width was found in all the skulls. Using the data it
      was calculated that for each increase in overlap width of 0.1 mm, 95% of the
      deviations in X-ray beam angulation were less than 2.5 degrees. The findings of
      this study suggested that the positioning of the X-ray beam so as to cause no
      overlapping is at best difficult, and at worst impossible. They also emphasize
      the importance of using identical projections in estimating the progress of
      carious lesions on radiographs since small changes can cause overlaps. The use of
      methods that reduce the error in repositioning the X-ray beam may be important in
      reducing methodological errors in clinical research.

PMID- 6589109
TI  - Developmental defects of enamel in a group of New Zealand children: their
      prevalence and some associated etiological factors.
AB  - The prevalence of developmental defects of enamel was assessed in 243 children
      aged 12-14 yr using the FDI Index. The teeth were not cleaned or dried prior to
      examination for which fibre optic lighting was used. At least one tooth with
      defective enamel was seen in 63% of children with a demarcated white opacity
      present in 44% of children. The enamel was abnormal in 11.7% of teeth, diffuse
      patchy opacities and demarcated white opacities occurring in 4.4 and 4.2%,
      respectively. Although defects were found most frequently in the maxillary
      central incisors, the ranking order of prevalence and the distribution for
      demarcated and diffuse opacities was quite different. Sex, residence, and the
      common childhood illnesses did not alter the prevalence of defects which was,
      however, increased significantly in 22 children with a history of a serious
      illness or accident (0.01 greater than P greater than 0.001). The prevalence of
      the diffuse opacities was significantly increased with increased exposure to
      fluoride either in tablets or in the drinking water (0.01 greater than P greater
      than 0.001).

PMID- 6589110
TI  - Prevalence of juvenile periodontitis in a British school population.
AB  - In a survey of 7266 schoolchildren, aged 14-19 yr, the prevalence of juvenile
      periodontitis was found to be 0.1%. A predilection for Negroes was noted. There
      was no difference in prevalence between sexes.

PMID- 6589111
TI  - Physiologic pigmentation of the oral mucosa in Israeli Jews of different ethnic
      origin.
AB  - The prevalence of oral physiologic pigmentation in three ethnic groups of a total
      of 2465 Israeli Jews was determined, and the relationship of oral pigmentation to
      age and sex within the groups was noted. Results showed the presence of oral
      pigmentation in 63.6% of the Eastern group, 54.8% of the Sephardic group, and
      24.9% of the Ashkenazi group. No indication was found of sex predilection, and no
      significant trend was evident in the prevalence of pigmentation with relation to
      age. The leading site of pigmentation among the entire sample was the gingiva,
      and this finding did not vary with ethnicity.

PMID- 6589112
TI  - Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions associated with wearing removable dentures in
      Finnish adults.
AB  - Of a representative sample of 8000 persons aged 30 and over living in Finland,
      3875 users of removable dentures were examined. The condition of the oral mucosa
      was recorded during clinical examinations. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions
      associated with removable dentures was analyzed according to age, sex, place of
      residence, geographical region of living, and type and location of prosthesis.
      Lesions were found in about 50% of the denture wearers. Women were affected more
      often than men. The prevalence of lesions decreased with age and differed
      slightly according to region of living and place of residence. Compared with the
      wearing of partial dentures, wearing complete dentures increased the risk of
      lesions. Only one of the 72 denture users who wore a denture with metallic base
      plate had oral mucosal lesions associated with wearing a denture.

PMID- 6589113
TI  - Pilot survey of oral mucosa in areca (betel) nut chewers on Hainan Island of the
      People's Republic of China.
AB  - 100 people on Hainan Island were studied for their smoking and chewing habits and
      the condition of their oral mucosa. Ninety-five percent of the study population
      chewed areca (betel) nut. In men this habit was supplemented with either smoking
      cigarettes or water pipe. In two men a small commissural leukoplakia was found.
      In three women clinical and histologic changes pointed towards oral submucous
      fibrosis.

PMID- 6589114
TI  - Role of recent stressful life events experience in the onset of TMJ dysfunction
      pain.
AB  - This study investigated the experience of recent stressful life events in 85 TMJ
      dysfunction patients and 85 control patients in the 6 months prior to onset by
      use of a semistructured interview. The effect of age was studied (under or over
      age 40 yr). TMJ patients experienced twice as many stressful life events in the 6
      months before onset as did control patients. Events concerned problems of work,
      money, health, problems of loss and of interpersonal relationships. These had a
      greater negative impact on older patients who seemed less able to cope with them.
      Almost 50% of TMJ dysfunction onsets were attributable to life events which
      played a formative role in onset. This was calculated mathematically by use of
      "brought forward times".

PMID- 6589115
TI  - Epidemiologic survey of functional conditions of the masticatory system in
      Belgian children aged 3-6 years.
AB  - In this epidemiologic survey 510 children aged 3-6 yr were investigated. Several
      occlusal and functional parameters were measured: the maximal interincisal
      distance, the frequency of lateral and frontal crossbite, open bite, the number
      of tooth contacts on lateral excursions of 3 mm, the wear facets, deviations in
      opening, pain in muscles and in the TM-joints, TMJ sounds, parafunctional habits.
      The interincisal distance varied between 25 and 55 mm. This distance increased
      with age. Only five children had a hypermobility of the mandible (opening more
      than 55 mm) and 11 a restricted opening movement (less than 30 mm). 7.2% showed a
      lateral crossbite on the right, and 8.9% on the left, side. The percentage of an
      open bite decreased with age from 66.7% in the 3-yr-olds to 20.0% in the 6-yr
      olds. 33% of the children had only one contact on the working side. As reported
      by the parents 7.7% had regularly bruxism but 21.8% showed wear facets on the
      molars and 40.7% on the front teeth. Only in three girls were the TMJ painful to
      palpation. Dysfunction only occurred in 3.5% of the sample.

PMID- 6589117
TI  - Proximal airway pressure monitoring in the neonatal ICU.
AB  - The static and dynamic responses of diaphragm-type pressure manometers currently
      used with manual ventilation in the neonatal ICU were determined at different
      pressures and frequencies. Using a precalibrated transducer attached to a closed
      loop system, the manometer peak pressure was adjusted to 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm
      H2O, first for static measurements and then again while the frequency was
      increased from 20 to 200 breath/min in increments of 20. Most manometers with
      inlet flow-restricting devices built into the manometer or attached to the
      connection system in a ventilator significantly underestimated the delivered
      pressure as the peak inflation pressure and frequency were increased. In those
      manometers without inlet flow restrictors the correlation between transducer
      pressure and observed manometer pressure was close. Diaphragm-type pressure
      manometers with inlet flow-restricting devices may substantially underestimate
      the delivered proximal airway pressure when incorporated into neonatal manual
      ventilation equipment.

PMID- 6589116
TI  - Characteristics of dentally successful and dentally unsuccessful adults.
AB  - A method is described for identifying two groups of people from a dentate sample
      according to the prognosis for their retaining their dentition. Dentally
      successful people were expected to retain teeth into old age. Dentally
      unsuccessful people were expected to lose all their teeth prematurely. The method
      appeared valid, as more of the dentally unsuccessful had teeth extracted at the
      course of treatment immediately prior to a dental survey than dentally successful
      adults. Furthermore, this trend was also observed in the 3 yr after the survey. A
      restoratively orientated dental service was unable to satisfactorily meet the
      treatment and psychological needs of many of the dentally unsuccessful.

PMID- 6589118
TI  - Gallium scintigraphy in bronchogenic carcinoma. The effect of tumor location on
      sensitivity and specificity.
AB  - Fifty-one patients with primary lung cancer were evaluated using 67Ga citrate
      scintigraphy with respect to detection of peripheral primary, hilar metastasis,
      and mediastinal metastasis. The results demonstrated the necessity for an
      understanding of the criteria used in considering the gallium scintigram as
      either positive or negative, as well as the instrumentation employed in
      performing the test before any meaningful sensitivity and specificity figures can
      be derived within a given institution. Only with this understanding can actual
      strategy for instituting invasive procedures be achieved.

PMID- 6589119
TI  - Early prediction of outcome of respiratory failure. Comparison of high-frequency
      jet ventilation and volume-cycled ventilation.
AB  - Data from a prospective randomized investigation comparing volume-cycled
      ventilation and high-frequency jet ventilation were reexamined to determine
      whether improvement of respiratory and hemodynamic function, as well as ultimate
      outcome (death or survival), could be predicted early in the course of the
      disease. End points were selected for the ratio of the arterial oxygen pressure
      over the fractional concentration of oxygen in the inspired gas (PaO2/FIO2), the
      arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), the arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2),
      and the cardiac index. Patients were assigned to "success" or "failure" groups,
      according to the values recorded for those end points 24 hours after institution
      of mechanical ventilation. Values obtained from initiation of mechanical
      ventilation to 16 hours later were divided into four time groups. Differences
      between patients who "succeeded" and "failed" were compared at each time
      interval. Ultimate outcome was also compared. The PaCO2 and cardiac index were
      poor predictors of survival. Early values did not foretell the progression of
      these variables. The PaO2/FIO2 and SaO2 effectively discriminated, at all time
      intervals, between patients who succeeded and failed on volume-cycled
      ventilation. On high-frequency jet ventilation, significant differences were
      evident only after eight hours of support. With both types of ventilator,
      patients who reached the end point of oxygenation at 24 hours survived in far
      greater numbers than those who did not. On the basis of this investigation, it
      appears justified to attempt high-frequency jet ventilation in patients who do
      not rapidly improve on volume-cycled ventilation. Institution of high-frequency
      jet ventilation as the initial support method may not be advisable, since failure
      does not become apparent for many hours.

PMID- 6589120
TI  - [2 technics in particular in dentistry: implantology, sophrology and their
      relation].

PMID- 6589121
TI  - [The United States and implantology].

PMID- 6589122
TI  - [Is thrombelastography useful in daily practice?].

PMID- 6589123
TI  - [Physiological aging].

PMID- 6589125
TI  - [Effect of aging on oral conditions].

PMID- 6589124
TI  - [Psychology of the aging individual].

PMID- 6589126
TI  - [Diseases and treatments with orodental manifestations].

PMID- 6589127
TI  - [Equilibration in complete dentures].

PMID- 6589128
TI  - [Class 1 cusp hypertrophy of the Teilhard de Chardin tubercule].

PMID- 6589129
TI  - [Oxygen ions and the dentist].

PMID- 6589130
TI  - [Prevention of caries with a dentifrice containing a 1.2% concentration of sodium
      monofluorophosphate in an alumina base (a 3-year clinical trial)].

PMID- 6589131
TI  - [In vitro attachment of cultured L-fibroblasts to treated periodontal root
      surface].

PMID- 6589132
TI  - [Study on an animal model of "dry socket" and experimental therapy].

PMID- 6589133
TI  - [Preliminary survey on treatment of periodontal diseases with metronidazol].

PMID- 6589134
TI  - [Clinical and pathologic observations on 8 cases of mural ameloblastoma].

PMID- 6589135
TI  - [Free forearm flap transplantation in reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial
      defects--report of 13 cases].

PMID- 6589136
TI  - [Clinical application of bleach therapy to pulpless and discolored tooth--report
      of 92 cases].

PMID- 6589137
TI  - [Nomenclature and classification of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6589138
TI  - [The theory and practice of tooth arrangement of a complete denture on simple
      dental articulator].

PMID- 6589139
TI  - [Analysis of 20 clinical cases of syncope].

PMID- 6589140
TI  - [Observation on volume changes of phenolaldehyde resin in laboratory animal root
      canals].

PMID- 6589142
TI  - [Oblique facial cleft, cleft of the nasal wing and cleft of the nasal wing and
      upper lip].

PMID- 6589141
TI  - [Syncope seen at an oral clinic--analysis of 48 cases].

PMID- 6589143
TI  - [Application of a computer autographic system to cephalometric radiographs].

PMID- 6589144
TI  - [Survey on the relationship between the width of mouth and upper anterior teeth].

PMID- 6589145
TI  - [Survey and statistical analysis on 2,020 dentulous persons--relationship between
      facial and interocclusal distance].

PMID- 6589146
TI  - [Applied anatomy of the internal maxillary artery].

PMID- 6589147
TI  - [Epidemiological survey on periodontal diseases in Tianjin City and surrounding
      counties].

PMID- 6589148
TI  - [Preliminary observation on ultrastructure of oral leukoplakia].

PMID- 6589149
TI  - HLA, Gm and endocrine diseases.
AB  - Differences in the frequency rates of seven signs determined by locus HLA-A and
      of 14 signs controlled by the HLA-B locus and also differences in the rates of
      appearance of four signs of the Gm system and that of the Inv(1) sign were
      searched for between patients suffering from diseases of the thyroid gland and
      healthy subjects. No statistically significant differences in the HLA system
      could be demonstrated when healthy subjects were compared to the diseased
      patients. In simple goiter patients there was a significant difference in the
      frequency rates of the Gm (1, 4, 5) phenotypes and a highly significant
      difference in the frequency rates of the Gm (1, 2, 4, 5) phenotypes. No direct
      association could be demonstrated between the above mentioned systems and the
      studied disease.

PMID- 6589150
TI  - Evidence for an inherited predisposition to alcoholic pancreatitis. A controlled
      HLA typing study.
AB  - To investigate the role of heredity in alcoholic pancreatitis, an HLA typing
      study has been performed. Patients with alcoholic pancreatitis exhibited an
      increased frequency of HLA Bw 39 when compared with the general population [13.6%
      vs 3.3%, P (corrected) less than 0.02; relative risk 4.7]. Alcoholics without
      pancreatitis did not differ from the general population with respect to HLA
      status, indicating that the increased incidence of HLA Bw 39 was related to
      alcoholic pancreatitis rather than to alcoholism itself. Thus, this study has
      provided evidence for a genetic predisposition to alcoholic pancreatitis.

PMID- 6589151
TI  - [Adhesion of mircroorganisms to respirator tubes].
AB  - Potentially pathogenic microorganisms may adhere to and persist on plastic
      surfaces by extracellular polymeric substances. Intubation tubes used between 30
      minutes and 10 days in 14 ventilated patients of a medical intensive care unit
      were examined by scanning electron microscopy. All interior tube surfaces showed
      heavy colonisations which thus can persist over prolonged periods. The clinical
      relevance of these findings consists of the fact that, as on other plastic
      surfaces, microbial organisms may remain attached to ventilation tubes. Through
      formation of extracellular polymeric substances they are protected against
      effects of antibiotics and disinfectants. Aspiration of these microorganisms from
      the tubes may lead to pneumonias in ventilated patients.

PMID- 6589152
TI  - The effect of anticorrosive materials on microstructure and physical properties
      of different dental amalgams.

PMID- 6589153
TI  - Development of new gold alloys for crowns and fixed prosthodontics. Design and
      structure of the alloys.

PMID- 6589155
TI  - [Dentures and the cytology of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6589154
TI  - Mutations and selection in the generation of class II histocompatibility antigen
      polymorphism.
AB  - A comparison of seven human DR and DC class II histocompatibility antigen beta
      chain amino acid sequences indicates that the allelic variation is of comparable
      magnitude within the DR and DC beta-chain genes. Silent and replacement
      nucleotide substitutions in six DR and DC beta-chain sequences, as well as in
      seven murine class II sequences (three I-A beta and four I-A alpha alleles) were
      analyzed. The results suggest that the mutation rates are of a comparable
      magnitude in the nucleotide sequences encoding the first and second external
      domains of the class II molecules. Nevertheless, the allelic amino acid
      replacements are predominantly located in the first domains. We conclude that a
      conservative selective pressure acts on the second domains, whereas in many
      positions in the first domains replacement substitutions are selectively neutral
      or maybe even favoured. Thus, the difference between the first and second domains
      as regards the number of amino acid replacements is mainly due to selection.

PMID- 6589156
TI  - [Use of the micro-processor in the dental office].

PMID- 6589157
TI  - [Indications for preprosthetic oral surgery].

PMID- 6589158
TI  - [Predetermination technics in modern maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 6589159
TI  - [Indications for articulators in the dental clinic].

PMID- 6589160
TI  - Electron allocation to H+ and N2 by nitrogenase in Rhizobium leguminosarum
      bacteroids.
AB  - Electron allocation to H+ and N2 by nitrogenase in intact Rhizobium leguminosarum
      bacteroids has been studied. Nitrogenase activity was measured in intact cells
      with succinate and oxygen substrates. When whole cell nitrogenase activity was
      inhibited by oxygen-limitation or by the addition of the H+-conducting ionophore
      carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, both inducing a low intracellular
      ATP/ADP ratio, the electron allocation to H+ was favoured over that to N2. When
      whole cell nitrogenase activity was inhibited by excess oxygen or by the addition
      of the K+-conducting ionophore valinomycin, both inhibiting electron transport to
      nitrogenase without affecting the intracellular ATP/ADP ratio, no effect upon the
      electron allocation to H+ and N2 was observed. The whole cell experiments could
      be confirmed by experiments with bacteroids treated with
      hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide. Nitrogenase is highly active in these
      preparations with Na2S2O4 and MgATP as substrates. No effect was observed upon
      electron allocation to H+ and N2 when nitrogenase was inhibited by limitation of
      reductant (Na2S2O4) or MgATP. Only when nitrogenase was inhibited by MgADP,
      electron allocation to H+ was favoured. The amount of nitrogenase component 1 and
      2 in bacteroids was estimated with protein blotting, followed by an immunological
      detection. It was found that 17% +/- 3% of total bacteroid protein is component 1
      and 12% +/- 2% is component 2. The specific nitrogenase activity of bacteroids
      treated with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide is 178 +/- 62 nmol C2H4 formed X
      min-1 X mg total protein-1. Despite the high protein concentrations, nitrogenase
      is not inhibited. With cell-free extracts or with purified nitrogenase components
      isolated from R. leguminosarum bacteroids, electron allocation to H+ was favoured
      over that to N2, independently of the mechanism of inhibition. The discrepancies
      between the whole cell studies and those with isolated enzyme will be discussed
      with respect to the present mechanism of action of nitrogenase.

PMID- 6589161
TI  - Differences in the binding of sulfate, selenate and thiosulfate ions to bovine
      liver rhodanese, and a description of a binding site for ammonium and sodium
      ions. An X-ray diffraction study.
AB  - The binding of sulfate, selenate and thiosulfate by the sulfur-transferase
      rhodanese (EC 2.8.1.1) in the crystalline state has been studied by X-ray
      analysis at resolutions between 0.23 nm and 0.4 nm. The three ions appear to
      occupy a common site between the N eta atoms of Arg-29 and the main-chain NH
      group of Glu-148 at the surface of the enzyme molecule. A second binding site for
      the three ions is situated at the entrance to the active centre, between the side
      chains of Arg-186 and Lys-249. Selenate and thiosulfate are bound equally well at
      both anion-binding sites. Sulfate, however, binds better at the first position,
      near Arg-29, than at the second site near Arg-186. In the complex of sulfur
      rhodanese with thiosulfate, the outer sulfur atom of the anion near the active
      centre points towards the extra sulfur atom which is bound as a persulfide to the
      S gamma of the essential Cys-247. The distance between the outer sulfur atom of
      the thiosulfate ion and the persulfide sulfur atom appears to be about 0.3 nm.
      The thiosulfate difference Fourier also shows a distinct, localized
      conformational change involving residues 71, 72 and 249. This is the result of
      the replacement of an ammonium ion in the sulfate and selenate media by a sodium
      ion in the sodium thiosulfate solution. Rhodanese is apparently able to
      accomodate ions with different radii at this cation-binding site by minor
      structural alterations.

PMID- 6589162
TI  - Adult polycystic disease of kidneys: a potential cause of false-positive 67Ga
      images.
AB  - A 56-year-old man with adult polycystic disease of the kidneys complicated by
      renal failure, hypertension, and bacteremia underwent bilateral nephrectomy
      because the enlarged kidneys compromised his gastrointestinal function and
      respiratory capacity. A scan using 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate demonstrated
      nonfunctioning kidneys, bilaterally. An unusual radioactivity pattern in the
      bowel in 67Ga scintigraphy was due to extreme renal enlargement and should be
      kept in mind to avoid misinterpretation.

PMID- 6589163
TI  - Immunomodulation: NK cells activated by interferon-conjugated monoclonal antibody
      against human osteosarcoma.
AB  - A mouse monoclonal antibody raised against the human osteogenic sarcoma cell line
      791T has been covalently coupled to purified human lymphoblastoid interferon
      alpha (IFN alpha). Conjugation does not interfere with antibody function, as the
      product binds to 791T cells and mediates complement-dependent tumour cell lysis
      to a degree equal to that of free antibody. The IFN activity, assessed by
      augmentation of natural killer (NK)-cell-mediated lysis, is reduced, but the
      conjugate does augment the killing of 791T and other tumour targets by peripheral
      blood NK cells. In admixture experiments the conjugate, when bound to unlabelled
      osteogenic sarcoma cells, also augments the killing of radiolabelled bystander
      cells. Neither free antibody nor the conjugate mediate antibody-dependent
      cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and augmented tumour cell lysis is a function of NK
      cell activation. This product provides for an alternative approach to cancer
      therapy via the activation of infiltrating hose effector cells using specifically
      targeted lymphokines.

PMID- 6589164
TI  - Tumor-induced growth-inhibitory activity isolated from the Yoshida ascites fluid
      by extraction with methanol.
AB  - Growth-inhibitory activity was isolated from the Yoshida ascites fluid by
      sequential precipitation with polyethylene glycol, extraction with methanol, LH
      20 Sephadex chromatography and preparative agarose gel electrophoresis. The cell
      non-specific activity was tumor-related as far as analogous fractions prepared
      from normal sera were inactive. Flow cytometric analysis indicates that the
      inhibition of cell growth was caused by blockage of the G1-S and possibly the G2
      M phase transitions. The active component migrates electrophoretically associated
      to an unidentified alpha 1-antigen. In aqueous solution the molecular size of the
      inhibitor is ill defined, due to a tendency to autoaggregation and hydrophobic
      interaction with the chromatographic media. The molecular weight of the inhibitor
      as estimated by LH 20 Sephadex chromatography in methanol is approximately 350
      daltons. This chromatographic fraction contains prostaglandin-E2 cross-reactive
      material in amounts suggesting the participation of a prostaglandin derivative in
      the observed growth-inhibitory activity.

PMID- 6589166
TI  - Bone resorption in osteogenic sarcoma--II. Resorption of the bone collagenous
      matrix by tumor cells, normal fibroblasts and macrophages.
AB  - Three osteogenic sarcoma cell lines of human and canine origin were compared to
      normal fibroblastic cells and peptone-induced murine peritoneal macrophages in
      terms of bone collagenous matrix (BCM) resorption capacity. The dissolution of
      the BCM was measured in an in vitro system consisting of the tested cells and
      live or killed [3H]-proline-labeled fetal mouse long bones. Experiments with
      osteogenic sarcoma cells revealed a paradoxical phenomenon indicating an inverse
      relationship between the number of tumor cells and the rate of collagen
      resorption from live bones. On the other hand, collagen matrix of devitalized
      bones, particularly those denatured by exposure to heat, is strongly resorbed by
      osteogenic sarcoma cells even in the presence of serum. Contrary to osteogenic
      sarcoma cells, normal fibroblasts do not resorb collagen from either live or
      killed bones, regardless of the devitalization method and culture conditions
      utilized. Macrophages resorb collagenous matrix from live bones, but their
      collagen resorption activity from devitalized bones depends greatly on choice of
      the incubation condition. Results have shown that osteogenic sarcoma tumor cells,
      when acting alone, may not have the capacity to destroy healthy bone. We suggest,
      therefore, that bone destruction seen in osteogenic sarcoma patients depends on
      the metabolic condition of the affected bone, and the interaction between the
      tumor and normal host cells and tissues.

PMID- 6589165
TI  - Metabolism of 4'-modified analogs of doxorubicin. unique glucuronidation pathway
      for 4'-epidoxorubicin.
AB  - The metabolism of doxorubicin (A), 4'-epidoxorubicin (E) and 4'-deoxydoxorubicin
      (D) was studied in vitro by incubating the analogs with rat liver subcellular
      fractions and in vivo by chromatographic analysis of human urine. Metabolites
      were identified by high-pressure liquid chromatography, fluorescence spectroscopy
      and enzymatic conversion. Human urine contained unchanged drug as well as the
      corresponding alcohol metabolites in all cases; however, urine of patients who
      received E also contained two glucuronides which could not be detected in the
      urine of patients who received A or D. We have identified these glucuronides as
      4'-epidoxorubicin glucuronide (E-Glu) and 4'-epidoxorubicinol glucuronide (Eol
      Glu). It was concluded that the glucuronide moiety is linked to the daunosamine
      sugar at the C4'-OH position. A hypothesis is proposed that this glucuronidation
      pathway may explain the differences in pharmacokinetics and toxicity between E
      and A. Rat liver microsomes were found to convert all three drugs to the 7
      deoxyaglycones at the same rate. Rat liver 100,000 g supernatant was found to be
      capable of converting these drugs to their respective alcohol metabolites,
      doxorubicinol (Aol) being formed somewhat slower than 4'-epidoxorubicinol (Eol)
      and 4'-deoxydoxorubicinol (Dol).

PMID- 6589167
TI  - A monoclonal antibody to myelogenous leukemia: isolation and characterization.
AB  - A purified antigen from human acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells has been
      used to produce a myelogenous leukemia-associated monoclonal antibody. In limited
      FACS-IV analyses the monoclonal antibody to leukemia (CAMAL-1) as well as a
      conventional rabbit antiserum have been used to positively identify AML or
      chronic granulocytic leukemia patient cell samples. Neither CAMAL-1 nor the
      rabbit antiserum bound appreciably to acute lymphocytic leukemia cells, normal
      bone marrow, or normal peripheral blood leukocytes. CAMAL-1 was shown to be
      specific for AML cell extracts in the ELISA and was successfully used as an
      immunoadsorbent for the purification of the AML antigen from cell extracts. No
      significant levels of equivalent antigen were found when cell extracts from
      normal cells, lymphocytic leukemia cells, and lymphoma cells were similarly
      absorbed. These findings indicate that CAMAL-1 shows considerable specificity for
      an antigen associated with cells from patients with myelogenous leukemia.

PMID- 6589168
TI  - Administration of prostaglandin E2 into the striatum induces hyperthermia in
      rats.
AB  - Changes in thermoregulatory function were assessed in unanesthetized rats after a
      unilateral injection of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) into the striatum or the
      substantia nigra. Intrastriatal injection of PGE2, but not vehicle solution,
      induced a dose-dependent rise in rectal temperature. The hyperthermia in response
      to intrastriatal injection of PGE2 was due to increased metabolism and/or
      cutaneous vasoconstriction. Furthermore, the PGE2-induced hyperthermia was
      antagonized by prior intrastriatal injection of kainic acid (to destroy cell
      bodies in the striatum) but not by pretreatment with 6-hydroxydopamine (to
      destroy the dopaminergic nerve fibers in the striatum). On the other hand,
      administration of PGE2 into the substantia nigra induced no significant change in
      thermoregulatory functions. The data showed that PGE2, when injected into the
      striatum, may act on cell bodies in the striatum to induce hyperthermia by
      promoting an increase in heat production and/or vasoconstriction.

PMID- 6589169
TI  - Interaction of prostaglandin E1 with human high density lipoproteins.
AB  - Prostaglandin E1 has been shown to interact with serum high density lipoproteins
      (HDL) in a manner resembling the interaction of a ligand with a high affinity
      binding site. The presence of 10(-12)-10(-10) M prostaglandin E1 induces a
      rearrangement of the HDL surface lipids and probably influences the biological
      functions of the lipoproteins.

PMID- 6589170
TI  - Identification of possible adenine nucleotide-binding sites in nitrogenase Fe-
      and MoFe-proteins by amino acid sequence comparison.
AB  - Published amino acid sequences for nitrogenase component polypeptides were
      compared with those of other proteins which also bind adenine nucleotides. Three
      sequences which might contribute to an adenine nucleotide-binding domain were
      found for the Fe-protein component of nitrogenase. The beta-subunit of the MoFe
      protein (nifK gene product) contains a sequence which is similar to other
      proteins which exhibit ATPase activity. No similarities were observed for the
      alpha-subunit of this component. The findings are discussed in relation to the
      experimental data on adenine nucleotide binding and the proposed role of ATP in
      the enzyme mechanism.

PMID- 6589171
TI  - [Increasing caries intensity (a survey in Balassagyarmat)].

PMID- 6589172
TI  - [Tasks of pediatric dentistry based on complex studies. II].

PMID- 6589173
TI  - Ethics and OGN nursing practice.

PMID- 6589174
TI  - Sexual harassment in the dental office: results of ADAA's nationwide survey.

PMID- 6589175
TI  - Sexual harassment and the politics of power.

PMID- 6589176
TI  - The dental assistants' role in prevention of transmissable infections.

PMID- 6589178
TI  - Symposium on pharmacology and therapeutics.

PMID- 6589177
TI  - Sexual harassment in the dental office: a student perspective.

PMID- 6589179
TI  - Use of antibiotics in dental practice.
AB  - Penicillin G administered parenterally or penicillin V administered orally are
      currently the antibiotics of choice for treatment of dental infections of usual
      etiology. Infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci or those
      involving gram-negative bacteria should be treated with a penicillinase-resistant
      penicillin or an ampicillin-like derivative, respectively. Erythromycin is a
      second-choice bacteriostatic antibiotic, becoming first choice for treating
      dental infections in patients allergic to penicillin. The cephalosporins, similar
      in action to ampicillin-like penicillin derivatives, may be used with caution in
      patients who have exhibited delayed-type allergic reactions to penicillin and
      when erythromycin cannot be used. Their lack of advantage over other agents, and
      their cost, precludes routine use for usual dental infections. Clindamycin
      administered orally or lincomycin administered parenterally are reserve
      antibiotics indicated for treatment of bone infections and/or anaerobic
      infections refractory to commonly used antibiotics. Tetracyclines are, at best,
      third-choice agents for usual dental infections. However, they are useful for
      cases of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis requiring systemic antibiotic
      therapy when penicillin is precluded. Vancomycin and streptomycin are used
      prophylactically for prevention of infective endocarditis in patients with
      prosthetic heart valves. Nystatin remains a first-choice agent for treatment of
      oral candidal infections. Ketoconazole, an orally active systemic antifungal
      agent, may be used for monilial infections of the oral cavity refractory to
      nystatin. Chemotherapy of viral infections is difficult because of the timing of
      events of the disease process versus appearance of clinical symptoms and lack of
      effective agents with selective toxicity. Herpes infections of the oral cavity
      have been treated--with limited success--with idoxuridine. Acyclovir, a newer
      antiviral drug, offers little clinical benefit for herpes infections in usually
      healthy patients but may be of value for treating such infections in
      immunocompromised patients. All antimicrobial agents may cause adverse reactions
      of varying degrees of severity. Most orally administered antibiotics may cause
      gastrointestinal disturbances. Superinfections occur with broad-spectrum
      antibiotics and a severe form of superinfection, antibiotic-associated colitis,
      has occurred with almost all antibiotics. Allergic reactions of all degrees of
      severity can occur with most antibiotics. The penicillins, followed by the
      cephalosporins and tetracyclines, are most frequently implicated in these
      reactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6589180
TI  - Local anesthetics in dental practice.
AB  - Local anesthetics are the most widely used drugs in dentistry today. Knowledge of
      the pharmacology and toxicology of these agents will result in their intelligent
      and judicious use. The choice of local anesthetic should be individualized for
      each patient. The duration of the dental procedure should be weighed against the
      duration of action of the local anesthetic; a decision should be made as to
      whether a vasoconstrictor is needed to prolong its action. However, if the
      duration of numbness is too long, the possibility of self-mutilation must be
      considered in certain patients (for example, children and the mentally retarded).
      In other patients with whom postoperative pain is expected, it may be beneficial
      to administer a long-acting local anesthetic such as bupivacaine for control of
      postoperative pain. The total dose of local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor must
      be determined for each patient based upon body weight; the maximal dosages for
      each agent should be known. Small children or frail individuals will require
      below average dosages. The use of a vasoconstrictor may constitute the limiting
      factor to the total number of local anesthetic cartridges that can be
      administered safely over a given period of time. Certain medical problems, such
      as cardiovascular system impairments or hyperthyroidism, may influence the choice
      of anesthetic and the quantity of vasoconstrictor. An understanding of the
      physicochemical properties of local anesthetics is also important to a rational
      process of selection. There are several causes for failure to achieve profound
      regional anesthesia. These include inflammation and/or infection, anatomic
      variation, intravascular injection, accessory innervation, and deflection of the
      needle. Inflammation and infection reduce the efficacy of a local anesthetic by
      reducing its bioavailability. Local anesthetics with low pKa values (for
      instance, mepivacaine) are the most effective in this clinical situation. Other
      causes of inadequate regional anesthesia are primarily related to technique of
      administration and can be circumvented by the use of the periodontal ligament
      injection. A comprehensive review of this technique and its application has been
      presented by the Council on Dental Materials and Equipment of the American Dental
      Association. Occasionally, a clinician may be unsuccessful at achieving regional
      anesthesia despite these additional measures. Highly anxious dental patients or
      patients with a genuine tolerance to local anesthetics normally pose the most
      problems. Transitional block or threshold block phenomena should also be
      suspected in these situations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6589181
TI  - Management of adverse drug reactions in conscious-sedation.
AB  - To thoroughly detail adverse reactions that may take place following the
      administration of agents used to modify behavior or to control fear and anxiety
      is beyond the scope of this presentation. Nevertheless, an attempt has been made
      to examine the mechanism of action, preventative measures, and management
      techniques for a few of the most common adverse reactions involving the more
      popular agents. Emphasis has been placed on the prevention of pharmacologic
      misadventures rather than on their management. The taking of an adequate
      pretreatment history and physical examination (including blood pressure
      determination) is invaluable in this respect. On occasion, however, despite all
      precautions and preventative measures, problems can arise. I have emphasized the
      mechanical, or nonpharmacologic approach, to the management of adverse reactions.
      Because untoward events occur so infrequently, the nonpharmalogic approach is the
      safest, most effective way for the clinician to cope with the majority of
      problems that can arise. The need for all practitioners to be competent in the
      management of the unconscious patient cannot be overemphasized. Production of
      unconsciousness is the most serious reaction with which the dentist is likely to
      be confronted on a routine basis. Mismanagement of this relatively benign state
      can, and on occasion does, result in deterioration to a catastrophic conclusion.
      It must also be emphasized that in the face of serious adversity the first few
      moments are usually the most critical in determining the final outcome. Although
      the summoning of assistance may be necessary and appropriate, one must not rely
      on the arrival of "emergency teams" to resolve the problem. If serious sequelae
      are to be avoided, proper management procedures must be instituted immediately
      and continued until medical assistance arrives and definitive care can be
      instituted. Thorough understanding of the pharmacology of all agents employed
      during the course of dental care is the key to the prevention and management of
      adverse drug reactions.

PMID- 6589182
TI  - Pharmacologic management of stomatologic problems.
AB  - A wide variety of diseases of the soft tissues of the oral cavity occur. Some of
      the common and significant problems have been presented with recommendations for
      their management. Diagnosis and patient evaluation including adequate laboratory
      studies when required, are the keys to a more successful outcome of treatment.
      Antibiotics and short-term anti-inflammatory steroids benefit selected cases. In
      others, treatment may require a team approach in concert with the physician.
      Dentists should be alert to causes of the oral lesions, especially in cases of
      xerostomia, candidiasis, and nutritional deficiencies. This article should form a
      basis for therapy of stomatologic problems.

PMID- 6589183
TI  - Significant adverse interactions of drugs in dentistry.
AB  - An attempt has been made to discuss the adverse responses that can occur when two
      or more drugs are administered to the same patient. Several drugs used in dental
      practice or drug classes were given in tabular form as they might interact with
      each other or with drugs the patient might already be taking. Only those
      combinations of drug that are believed to produce significant adverse
      interactions were included. However, our knowledge of interactions of drugs is
      incomplete and potentially significant interactions may have been overlooked.
      Furthermore, new drugs with another set of actions are being marketed each year,
      making an attempt to simply memorize interactions a frustrating experience.
      Ultimately, it is the practitioners familiarity with current clinical literature
      and the understanding of drug actions and mechanisms by which drugs can interact
      that will do the most for preventing iatrogenic responses associated with
      multiple drug usage.

PMID- 6589184
TI  - Problems of medication with the pediatric patient.
AB  - During the course of dental treatment, when it is necessary to prescribe
      pharmacologic agents for the pediatric patient, a drug should be selected that is
      not only effective but also available in a readily acceptable form. Dosages
      should be considered carefully. Rather than attempting to adjust adult
      recommendations, established guidelines for children should be utilized.
      Manufacturer's doses should be followed when available. If a child frustrates
      efforts toward treatment and does not respond to nonpharmacotherapeutic
      management approaches, premedication should be considered. The practitioner
      should have a thorough medical history before deciding to employ outpatient
      sedation. This history can be helpful in selecting the most appropriate regimen.
      Very young children and severely compromised patients are not good candidates for
      sedation and are best treated under general anesthesia. Narcotic analgesics are
      rarely indicated for control of pain following dental treatment in children.
      Nonnarcotic preparations are very effective and will suffice for most procedures.
      Because prolonged bleeding has been demonstrated, aspirin should be used with
      caution in surgical cases. Oral administration is recommended for most dental
      infections requiring antibiotics. In instances when severe infection is
      encountered, the parenteral route is suggested. A narrow-spectrum, bactericidal
      agent is preferred; barring allergy, penicillin is the usual drug of choice. When
      antibiotic prophylaxis is indicated, adherence to American Heart Association
      guidelines is strongly encouraged.

PMID- 6589185
TI  - Geriatric pharmacology for the dentist. An overview.
AB  - The information presented in this article suggests that the drug responses of the
      elderly may be greater than those in the young or essentially the same. We have
      presented evidence that the pharmacokinetics in the elderly would probably tend
      toward prolonging the half-life and delaying the clearance of many drugs.
      Pharmacodynamic changes are more ambiguous, increasing sensitivity to some drugs
      and decreasing sensitivity to others. Compliance errors, from whatever cause,
      lead to unpredictable intake of drugs. Psychosocioeconomic factors contribute to
      compliance errors and no doubt also lead to increased intake of combination of
      drugs. Multiple diseases are common among the elderly, but it is not clear how
      disease states, per se, affect drug responses unless the specifically diseased
      organ is focally important in the handling of drugs. Alterations in perception of
      pain and in reflex and immune competence will produce changes in all directions.
      Use of multiple drugs almost certainly will create an environment favorable to
      drug interactions and adverse reactions. What is the dentist to do with these
      conflicting effects of aging in drug therapy? There are a few, and only a few,
      rules that can be said to have a solid basis in fact. Elderly patients seem to be
      more sensitive to the depressant effects of drugs. It is wise, therefore, to
      reduce the dosage of such drugs as the benzodiazepines, general anesthetics,
      analgesics, and sedative-hypnotics in the elderly. Old people are apparently more
      sensitive to certain drugs, for example, the neuromuscular blocking drugs. It
      would be wise to reduce the dosage of these for the older patient. The geriatric
      person appears to be less sensitive to pain; it would be wise to prescribe
      analgesics for such patients in lower doses. Elderly patients are known to have
      lost some of their reflex ability to maintain homeostasis. This should be taken
      into consideration when drugs that affect blood pressure, heart rate, and smooth
      muscle tone are used. Elderly patients are almost certain to be taking multiple
      medications. Drug interactions, as well as adverse drug reactions (which are
      exaggerated in the elderly), are likely to occur in this polypharmaceutical
      setting. It is critical that the dentist be continually informed of the
      pharmacologic status of each patient and be aware of the likelihood of
      interactions between drugs prescribed by the dentist, drugs-prescribed by the
      physician, and drugs that are self-administered.

PMID- 6589186
TI  - Drug abuse. Its relationship to dental practice.
AB  - Drug abuse appears destined to become an exacerbating cultural phenomenon despite
      intrinsic dangers to the abuser and accelerating costs to society. Dentists
      cannot afford to ignore the problem or its sequelae either in terms of their
      personal involvement or in terms of the clinical implications of such a practice
      for their patients. Abuse of agents, such as opioids and amphetamines, by the
      dental practitioner leads to devastating personal, social, and professional
      consequences. The abuser jeopardizes his or her reputation, family relationships,
      professional practice, and, not uncommonly, his or her very life through
      accidental overdose of drugs or by suicide. Nitrous oxide abuse is particularly
      prevalent among dentists and, although producing no psychological dependence, may
      result in long-term myeloneuropathy and physical disability making continued
      dental practice impossible. The dentist's responsibilities in this area lie
      within clinical and social domains. Clinically, the dentist must (1) learn to
      detect those physical and behavioral signs in patients that are indicators of
      drug abuse; (2) become familiar with tactics employed by drug abusers to obtain
      drugs for themselves or for further criminal diversion, and be prepared to defend
      against such tactics; (3) understand and make clinical allowance for therapeutic
      complications that may arise in the treatment of drug-abuse patients. The
      dentist's social role as an informed, concerned, and empathic counselor in
      matters of drug abuse must be assumed as a personal imperative and not viewed as
      an intellectual abstraction. Whenever we are made aware of the drug-related
      devastation or death of a friend, colleague, or student, we discern the immediacy
      of an ethical responsibility of social dimensions, so eloquently expressed over
      350 years ago, by John Donne in his "Devotions XVII": "No man is an island, ...
      Any man's death diminishes me, because I am involved in Mankind; And therefore
      never send to know for whom the bell tolls; It tolls for thee".

PMID- 6589187
TI  - Fluoride therapy in clinical practice.
AB  - Research into the use of fluorides is dynamic and ongoing. As a consequence,
      anyone interested in clinical application must be up to date in the current
      literature. A number of other trace elements have also been found to have impact,
      particularly on the disease of dental caries. Therefore, to treat oral disease
      effectively with these products, it is important that the clinician keep current
      with published studies. Fluorides are, at present, a major therapeutic measure in
      the treatment of both dental caries and periodontal disease. However, fluorides
      will only reduce disease, not eliminate it. Other therapy, including improved
      diet and hygiene, is necessary to bring this about. Therefore, fluorides should
      be considered as an adjunct to treatment and not total treatment. No one can stop
      caries attack or eliminate established periodontal pockets with fluoride alone.

PMID- 6589188
TI  - How to obtain financing for a dental practice.

PMID- 6589189
TI  - A closer look at office costs.

PMID- 6589190
TI  - Some potential targets for directed marketing of dental services.

PMID- 6589191
TI  - The patient interaction cycle.

PMID- 6589192
TI  - Promotion for the professional.

PMID- 6589193
TI  - It's time to review your financial plan.

PMID- 6589194
TI  - Motivated staff keeps practice on a successful path.

PMID- 6589195
TI  - The construction of Gunning splints using a denture copy technique.

PMID- 6589196
TI  - Triad: light curing denture base system for partial dentures.

PMID- 6589197
TI  - Periodontitis: the nonsurgical approach.

PMID- 6589198
TI  - Fluoride supplementation in practice.

PMID- 6589199
TI  - Endodontic therapy for primary teeth. I. Diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 6589200
TI  - Functional appliances: 1. Theoretical concepts.

PMID- 6589201
TI  - Genetics of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii diploids. II. The effects of diploidy and
      aneuploidy on the transmission of non-Mendelian markers.
AB  - The transmission of two non-Mendelian drug resistance markers has been studied in
      crosses of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii involving diploids and aneuploids with
      different mating type genotypes. Under normal laboratory conditions for
      gametogenesis, mating and zygote maturation, the transmission pattern of the non
      Mendelian markers sr-u-1 (resistance to streptomycin) and spr-u-1-27-3
      (resistance to spectinomycin) is primarily determined by the mating type
      genotypes of the parental cells. Our results confirm and expand an earlier
      observation suggesting that an apparent codominant function of the female (mt+)
      allele in regulating chloroplast gene transmission in meiosis appears to be
      distinct and separate from its recessive function in regulating mating behavior.
      The chloroplast DNA complement (as indexed by the number of extranuclear DNA
      containing bodies) may exert a secondary effect on the transmission of these
      markers. Within a mating type group (mt+/mt- or mt-/mt-) a cell line with more
      chloroplast DNA tended to transmit its non-Mendelian markers more frequently than
      a cell line with less chloroplast DNA.

PMID- 6589202
TI  - [Gilles de la Tourette syndrome].

PMID- 6589203
TI  - Comparison of counterimmunoelectrophoresis with indirect haemagglutination test
      in the detection of antibodies in rabbits experimentally infected with various
      species of ascarids.
AB  - Counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) and indirect haemagglutination (IHA) were
      used for the detection of antibodies in 437 sera of rabbits experimentally
      infected with Ascaris suum, Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina. CIEP showed
      44.0-52.3% positivity in A. suum, 25.5% in T. canis and 19.7-29.2% in T. leonina
      infection, whereas the positivity detected by IHA was 59.8-90.2% in A. suum,
      44.8% in T. canis and 59.6% in T. leonina infection. A comparison of the two
      tests reveals that CIEP is a suitable, rapid and simple method for orientation
      examinations in ascarid infections.

PMID- 6589204
TI  - Antibiotic use is source of deviance from standards.

PMID- 6589205
TI  - No marker (X) syndrome in autistic children.

PMID- 6589207
TI  - MHC-linked class III genes. Analysis of C4 gene frequencies, complotypes and
      associations with distinct HLA haplotypes in German Caucasians.
AB  - The class III complement components, C4, C2 and factor B (BF), are encoded in the
      human major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The two genes determining C4 (C4A
      and C4B) display considerable polymorphism and, thus, are important markers for
      HLA. In combination with alleles of C2 and BF they can be grouped into unique
      complotypes. We have analyzed the C4 alleles in a panel of 204 unrelated German
      Caucasians and studied their segregation with HLA haplotypes in 24 normal
      families. Inclusion of the class III markers with the class I and II alleles
      provides a more refined picture of the genetic structure of the MHC in these
      families. When charted according to the HLA-B locus specificities the MHCs can be
      clustered into groups showing distinctly homogenous or heterogenous complotypes.
      The identification of such groups is valuable for the selection of genetic
      material to analyze the molecular genetics of the human MHC.

PMID- 6589208
TI  - Morphologic & cytochemical correlation in adult & childhood acute leukemia.

PMID- 6589206
TI  - Selective chemotaxis of Ia antigen-positive macrophages by macrophage chemotactic
      lymphokine produced by concanavalin A stimulation.
AB  - M1- cells (leukaemic cell line cells established from SL/Am mouse), Mm1 cells
      (macrophage-like cells subcloned from M1- cells), and undifferentiated B24 cells
      (subcloned from M1- cells) were similarly Ia-negative and showed little
      chemotactic response to macrophage chemotactic lymphokine (MCF-LD) produced by
      Con A stimulation of spleen cells. However, when M1- cells and B24 cells were
      differentiated by differentiating factor in the fibroblast-conditioned medium,
      they became positive for surface Ia antigens and exhibited chemotactic responses
      to MCF-LD. Treatment of the cell-line cells and mouse peritoneal exudate
      macrophages with anti-Ia antiserum and complement reduced the number of cells
      responsive to MCF-LD. Moreover, when comparing the chemotactic responses to MCF
      LD of Ia-negative and Ia-positive peritoneal exudate macrophages, separated by
      electric programmable individual cell sorter (EPICS), Ia-positive cells responded
      more strongly than Ia-negative cells.

PMID- 6589209
TI  - Vertebral involvement in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6589210
TI  - [Normal and abnormal growth of mandible. A longitudinal cephalometric
      implantation study over a 25-year period].

PMID- 6589211
TI  - [Growth and development of the maxillary complex].

PMID- 6589213
TI  - 13-Cis-retinoic acid in pemphigus vulgaris.

PMID- 6589212
TI  - Analysis of a human osteogenic sarcoma antigen and its expression on various
      human tumour cell lines.
AB  - The murine monoclonal antibody 791T/36 cross-reacts with cells other than the
      immunizing osteogenic sarcoma cell line 791T, upon which the 791T/36-defined
      epitope is expressed on a protein of apparent molecular weight 72,000. An
      investigation was performed to determine whether the epitope occurred on similar
      molecules on other cell lines. Radiolabelled immunoprecipitates, prepared with
      the 791T/36 antibody, from three osteogenic sarcoma cell lines (2 OS, 788T and
      278T), the prostate carcinoma EB33 and the colon carcinoma HcLo each contained a
      protein with a molecular weight of 72,000 as the major constituent, together
      with, in some cases, material of lower molecular weight. This heterogeneity was
      shown by neuraminidase treatment of the immune precipitates to be due to
      variations in sialic acid content of the antigens since, in five of the six cell
      lines tested, such treatment produced homogeneous material of apparent molecular
      weight 55,000. Chymotrypsin treatment of the immune precipitates produced in each
      instance a major polypeptide of molecular weight 47,000 which displayed no
      microheterogeneity. Immunoadsorbent-purified antigen from 791T cells was shown to
      bind strongly to Sepharose-wheat-germ agglutinin and less to Sepharose
      concanavalin A, confirming the glycoprotein nature of this antigen. These studies
      demonstrate that molecules expressing the 791T/36-defined epitopes on different
      tumour cell lines are glycoproteins which display heterogeneity with respect to
      apparent molecular weight that is attributable to varying degrees of sialylation.
      No apparent differences were detected in the polypeptide "backbone" of these
      antigenic molecules.

PMID- 6589214
TI  - Acute myelogenous leukemia presenting as atypical mastoiditis with facial
      paralysis.
AB  - Symptomatic otologic involvement by leukemic infiltration is unusual, most often
      occurring in the already-diagnosed leukemic patient as postauricular mass, acute
      hemorrhagic otitis media, mastoiditis, cranial neuropathy, vertigo, hearing loss,
      or leptomeningitis. We think ours is the first reported patient whose leukemia
      presented as atypical mastoiditis and facial paralysis due to granulocytic
      sarcoma (chloroma). At mastoidectomy, tan lobulated rubbery tumor filled the
      mastoid antrum and middle ear cleft. Complete remission and full return of facial
      nerve function was achieved with 2500 R local radiation and systemic
      chemotherapy. We discuss the role and extent of surgery in atypical acute
      mastoiditis when unsuspected middle ear and mastoid tumor, with inconclusive
      intra-operative histopathologic data, is found.

PMID- 6589216
TI  - The use of index teeth to predict the health status of the balance of the mouth.

PMID- 6589215
TI  - Eating after a stroke--towards an integrated view.

PMID- 6589217
TI  - The long term evaluation of periodontal treatment and maintenance in 95 patients.

PMID- 6589218
TI  - A localized radiolucency with central radiopacity.

PMID- 6589219
TI  - Pericardial tamponade in acute myeloid leukemia.

PMID- 6589220
TI  - Regulation of rat caput epididymidis contractility by prostaglandins.
AB  - Mechanical activity of the rat caput epididymidis in vitro was recorded using a
      videomicrography system. The effects of prostaglandin (PG)F2 alpha, PGE2, and
      aspirin on caput epididymidis contractility were determined by measuring the
      frequency of contraction, luminal diameter, and amplitude of contraction at
      various concentrations of each test compound in vitro. PGF2 alpha stimulated
      contractility of the tubules at physiological concentrations, while PGE2 reduced
      contractility. Aspirin strongly inhibited contractility at concentrations of 10(
      3) and 10(-2)M. Endogenous levels of PGF2 alpha and PGE were determined for rat
      testes, caput, corpus, and cauda epididymidis and vas deferens. While the
      concentrations of PGE were consistently higher than those of PGF2 alpha, both
      compounds were relatively low in the testes, high in the vas deferens, and
      intermediate throughout the epididymis. Results from these experiments strongly
      suggest that PGs are important regulators of proximal epididymidis contractions
      and thus may regulate sperm transport through that organ.

PMID- 6589221
TI  - Non-healing ulcers in the foot.

PMID- 6589222
TI  - Nifedipine treatment of Tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6589223
TI  - Similarities in structure and function of calf thymus and Drosophila casein
      kinase II.
AB  - Both calf and Drosophila contain a type II casein kinase with similar molecular
      structure and catalytic activity. Purified calf thymus casein kinase II is
      composed of three subunits of Mr = 44,000 (alpha), 40,000 (alpha'), and 26,000
      (beta) (Dahmus, M.E. (1981) J. Biol. Chem. 256, 3319-3325), whereas the
      Drosophila enzyme is composed of two subunits of Mr = 36,700 (alpha) and 28,200
      (beta) (Glover, C. V. C., Shelton, E. R., and Brutlag, D. L. (1983) J. Biol.
      Chem. 258, 3258-3265). The native form of the enzyme is an alpha 2 beta 2
      tetramer. Polyclonal antibodies prepared against each enzyme react with both the
      alpha and beta subunits of the homologous enzyme and cross-react with both
      subunits of the heterologous enzyme. Reaction of polyclonal antibodies with
      proteins resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
      establishes that no significant difference in subunit molecular weight exists
      between the purified enzymes and the enzyme present in initial cell extracts.
      Each antibody effectively inhibits the in vitro activity of the homologous enzyme
      and causes a slight inhibition in the activity of the heterologous enzyme.
      Peptide maps derived from purified subunits indicate that the alpha and beta
      subunits are unique and that there is extensive primary sequence homology between
      the corresponding subunits of the calf and Drosophila enzyme. Casein kinase II
      from both sources phosphorylates the same subunits of calf thymus RNA polymerase
      II and an identical set of proteins in a complex mixture of acid-soluble proteins
      from Drosophila tissue culture cells. The striking similarity in molecular
      structure and catalytic activity between the calf and Drosophila enzyme suggests
      that casein kinase II has been highly conserved in evolution.

PMID- 6589224
TI  - Identification and characterization of osteoclast-like cells and their
      progenitors in cultures of feline marrow mononuclear cells.
AB  - The predominant cell responsible for bone resorption, the multinucleated
      osteoclast, has been difficult to study because of inaccessibility. When feline
      marrow-derived mononuclear cells are established in long-term culture,
      multinucleated cells form within 48 h, reaching maximum numbers at 16 d. We have
      observed that these cultured cells have many of the features of osteoclasts.
      Morphologically, they are multinucleated, contain large numbers of branched
      mitochondria, have a peripheral cytoplasm lacking organelles (a clear zone), and
      have extensive cell-surface processes. In addition to these ultrastructural
      features, the cells contain a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, the activity
      of which is increased by parathyroid hormone (PTH) and inhibited by calcitonin.
      PTH, prostaglandin E2, and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 increased multinucleated cell
      formation, while calcitonin inhibited the stimulatory effects of PTH. Time-lapse
      cinemicrographic and autoradiographic studies indicated that the multinucleated
      cells formed by fusion of the mononuclear progenitors. The multinucleated cells
      were phagocytic and stained with nonspecific esterase, consistent with their
      being derived from immature monocytes. Further, cell populations enriched for
      multinucleated cells release 45Ca from devitalized bone. Density-gradient
      centrifugation on Percoll was used to enrich and characterize the mononuclear
      progenitors of these multinucleated cells. The progenitor cells were found
      predominantly in Percoll density layers of 1.065 to 1.08 g/ml and were enriched
      up to 30-fold as compared to unfractionated cells. The bone marrow mononuclear
      cells that formed the multinucleated cells were initially nonadherent to plastic,
      stained heavily with nonspecific esterase, and appeared to be immature monocytes
      histologically. These data indicate that the multinucleated osteoclast-like cells
      in our cultures are derived from nonadherent monocytic progenitor cells that are
      responsive to osteotropic hormones. The ability to grow and characterize these
      cells in vitro should facilitate studies to elucidate the role these cells play
      in normal and pathologic states of bone resorption.

PMID- 6589226
TI  - Cellular and molecular biology of neoplasia. Proceedings of a symposium, Ontario,
      Canada, October 2-6, 1983.

PMID- 6589225
TI  - Rat mammary preadipocytes in culture produce a trophic agent for mammary
      epithelia-prostaglandin E2.
AB  - Cell strains and cell lines rat mammary (Rama) 350-353 have been isolated from
      the slowly adherent stromal fraction of enzymatically digested rat mammary
      glands. Primary cultures of this fraction yield fat cels on extended culture.
      Their proportion can be increased with horse serum or growth hormone in the
      medium, and this increase is associated with a 100-fold or more increase in the
      release of radioimmunoassayable prostaglandins of the E type (PGE). The stromal
      cell strains and lines that are capable of yielding fat cells also secrete
      elevated levels (greater than 100 ng/mg/24 hr) of PGE; the fast-sticking
      epithelial fraction in primary cultures and the epithelial cell lines derived
      from it secrete 10-100 times less. Chromatography and radioisotopic labeling of
      the culture media from Rama 352 cells identify the PG as PGE2. PGE2 with insulin
      and hydrocortisone maximally stimulates [3H]DNA synthesis of epithelial cell
      lines and primary cultures from normal and tumorous glands by 2-4-fold at
      concentrations (10-20 ng/ml) well below those released by the preadipocytic
      stromal cells (20-100 ng/ml). Medium exposed to most cultured cells stimulates
      [3H]DNA synthesis of one epithelial cell line, Rama 25, by 2-4-fold. Prevention
      of the synthesis of PGE2 in Rama 352 cultures with indomethacin or flurbiprofen
      abolishes the mitogenic activity present in the culture medium, and the PG
      receptor antagonist polyphloretin phosphate inhibits completely the mitogenic
      activity for Rama 25 cells. Myoepithelial-like cell lines normally secrete
      moderate levels of PGE (10-100 ng/mg/24 hr) but the mitogenic activity for Rama
      25 cells released from one such line, Rama 29, is not abolished by preventing the
      synthesis of PG's nor by PG-receptor antagonists.

PMID- 6589227
TI  - Assessing tumor drug sensitivity by a new in vitro assay which preserves tumor
      heterogeneity and subpopulation interactions.
AB  - We have designed an in vitro assay to assess the influence of tumor subpopulation
      interactions on drug response. The assay is based upon inhibition of growth of 1
      mm3-pieces of tumor embedded in a collagen gel matrix. Tumor growth is
      quantitated by planimetry of each colony's image, formed with a split image
      tracing device attached to an inverted microscope. That expansion of the colonies
      in collagen gel represents growth through cell replication was demonstrated by
      releasing and counting cell nuclei. Outgrowths from pieces of tumors produced by
      a series of mouse mammary tumor subpopulation lines expanded in collagen gel at a
      rate characteristic of each cell line: the growth rate of tumor pieces was
      similar to that of the corresponding tumor line embedded as a cell bolus of
      cultured cells, indicating that growth of pieces of tumor is due to the tumor
      cells rather than to stromal components. When two cell lines were grown together
      in collagen cultures, interactions affecting growth rate were observed. Both
      tumor pieces and cell boluses from cultured cells of the relatively homogeneous
      cell lines displayed similar, characteristic sensitivities to adriamycin (ADR) in
      the collagen gel assay. Advantages of the collagen assay over cloning assays are
      (1) preservation of potential cellular interactions which may be important in
      assessing tumor drug sensitivity; (2) maximization of growth of all cell
      populations within the tumor, as compared to growth in agar; and (3) reflection
      of the zonal distribution of different subpopulations within tumors; and (4)
      simulation of the three-dimensional growth architecture found in vivo.

PMID- 6589228
TI  - The malignant phenotype as a late expression of the carcinogenic process.

PMID- 6589230
TI  - Genetic epidemiology of cancer in Utah genealogies: a prelude to the molecular
      genetics of common cancers.

PMID- 6589229
TI  - The human c-abl oncogene in the Philadelphia translocation.

PMID- 6589231
TI  - Retinoblastoma: importance of recessive mutations in tumorigenesis.

PMID- 6589232
TI  - Dynamic heterogeneity and metastasis.
AB  - Parallel clonal populations grown to small defined sizes were used to quantitate
      rates of generation of metastatic cells. In murine KHT fibrosarcoma and B16
      melanoma lines, metastatic cells are generated at effective rates of 10(-5) per
      cell per generation, or greater. These variant cells are unstable, and are
      apparently lost at very high rates. It thus appears that metastases could arise
      from unstable variants, and that rapid rates of change in some phenotypes may be
      an important feature of malignant progression. We have called such rapid
      variations dynamic heterogeneity. This may be a useful concept for further
      investigating aspects of tumor heterogeneity.

PMID- 6589233
TI  - High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of citalopram and four of
      its metabolites in plasma and urine samples from psychiatric patients.
AB  - A high-performance liquid chromatographic method is used for the determination of
      citalopram [1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-phthalancarbonitrile+
      ++] and four of its metabolites (the methylamino, amino, propionic acid and N
      oxide derivatives) in plasma and urine. The plasma samples were extracted with
      diethyl ether at pH 10 and pH 4. Filtered urine samples could be injected
      directly on to the column. Steady-state drug and metabolite levels were
      investigated in fifteen psychiatric patients. In urine, 12 +/- 5% (mean +/- S.D.)
      of a given dose of citalopram was excreted in unchanged form. The propionic acid
      derivative was further conjugated, possibly to glucuronic acid. Mean steady-state
      plasma levels and metabolites in 24-h urine are given as percentages of the dose.

PMID- 6589234
TI  - Isolation and purification of HLA-DR antigens from tumour cells by affinity
      chromatography and chromatofocusing.

PMID- 6589235
TI  - The Pittsburgh Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) study. HLA antigens and
      haplotypes as risk factors for the development of IDDM in IDDM patients and their
      siblings.
AB  - The relationships between HLA antigens, sex, age at diagnosis, season of onset
      and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied in a consecutive
      admissions series of newly-diagnosed IDDM patients at Children's Hospital of
      Pittsburgh. In agreement with the findings of others, the strongest positive
      associations between IDDM and HLA antigens were seen with DR3 and DR4 (odds
      ratios (OR) of 3.5 and 4.4, respectively), while a very strong negative
      association was observed with DR2 (OR of 0.1). Male patients were significantly
      more likely than female patients to possess DR3 while female patients were
      significantly more likely to be DR4+. No consistent relationships were found
      between HLA antigens and either age at diagnosis or season of onset. Using a life
      table approach, the cumulative risk of IDDM by age 24 in HLA-identical siblings
      of IDDM patients was estimated to be 10.3%. This risk was significantly greater
      than the risks to either HLA-haploidentical siblings (2.2%) or to HLA
      nonidentical siblings (1.0%), whose risks were not significantly different. B7 +
      HLA-identical siblings of patients appeared to be protected from the effects of
      HLA-identicality--their cumulative risk by age 24 was estimated to be only 2.3%.

PMID- 6589236
TI  - Acute myeloid leukaemia in a patient with congenital antithrombin III deficiency.

PMID- 6589237
TI  - The effects of the inverse bevel flap procedure on gingival contour and plaque
      accumulation.
AB  - Periodontal surgery should eliminate disease and produce a good gingival contour
      to allow ease of cleaning and maintenance. An important factor in the achievement
      of these aims may be the contour of the attached gingiva following surgery. At
      present, gingival contour is evaluated by one of two indices. A new disease
      related gingival contour index was designed and compared with existing indices
      (plaque index, periodontal index, sulcus bleeding index) following inverse bevel
      flap procedures. The results demonstrated that there was a statistically
      significant increase in the scores for gingival contour (p less than 0.001) a
      significant decrease in scores for the periodontal index (p less than 0.001) and
      sulcus bleeding index (p less than 0.05), but no change in the amounts of plaque
      accumulating (p greater than 0.7).

PMID- 6589238
TI  - Utilization of locus of control in the prediction of patients' oral hygiene
      performance.
AB  - This study investigated the relationship between internal and external locus of
      control classified patients and improvement in oral hygiene skills and plaque
      scores. Locus of control scores, and initial and final skill and plaque scores
      were recorded for 22 dental patients with moderate periodontitis. Oral hygiene
      instruction was given over a 3-month period to each patient. Although patient
      oral hygiene skill level increased significantly and plaque scores declined
      significantly, no relationship was detected between the locus of control
      personality dimension and skill or plaque scores. It was concluded that personal
      oral hygiene instruction reinforced by self-instructional manual was effective in
      improving oral hygiene skill and reducing plaque scores; additional strategies
      for future studies investigating the locus of control dimension were presented.

PMID- 6589239
TI  - Comparison of the immediate effects on the sub-gingival microflora of acrylic
      strips containing 40% chlorhexidine, metronidazole or tetracycline.
AB  - In the management of chronic periodontitis, there has been a renewed interest in
      the local delivery of antimicrobial drugs into periodontal pockets. This study
      assessed the effects of the acrylic strip delivery system containing
      chlorhexidine, metronidazole or tetracycline on subgingival microflora assessed
      by dark field microscopy. Strips containing 40% chlorhexidine, metronidazole or
      tetracycline were placed for 2 to 3 days into pockets greater than 6 mm which
      bled on probing. Plaque samples were obtained before and after treatment and
      counts of morphological and motile groups of organisms were made by dark field
      microscopy. Prior to treatment, the dark field microscopic counts were similar to
      those previously reported for diseased sites with motile bacteria, in particular
      spirochaetes, present in high numbers. Following treatment, all 3 antimicrobial
      drugs produced a significant increase in the proportion of cocci and significant
      decreases in all other types of organisms. Motile organisms, in particular, were
      markedly reduced and spirochaetes could not be recovered from some sites treated
      with metronidazole and tetracycline. Metronidazole was significantly more
      effective than tetracycline or chlorhexidine on spirochaetes. The results
      indicate that acrylic strips may be useful in the management of chronic
      periodontitis as an adjunct to routine mechanical methods.

PMID- 6589240
TI  - Effects on dental health of spacing of teeth in anterior segments.
AB  - The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between spacing and
      dental health in 15-year-old adolescents. The whole sample consisted of 156
      subjects. Out of them, 74 females and 73 males with 6 anterior teeth made up the
      study group for examination of the upper jaw. 75 females and 75 males had 6
      anterior teeth in the lower jaw and made up the study group for examination of
      the lower jaw. The Plaque Index (PlI) and the Gingival Index (GI) were recorded.
      Probing depths (PD) were measured as explained by Glavind & Loe. Filled surfaces
      (FS) were taken from the individual case sheets and controlled clinically. The
      spacing of the individuals was assessed by counting the number of proximal
      surfaces without visible contact with the adjacent proximal surfaces, on model
      casts. The sum of proximal surfaces without contact made up the Space Index (SpI)
      of the individual jaw. Parametric and non-parametric statistical methods were
      used to analyze the data. In both sexes and both jaws proximal surfaces without
      interdental contact had a more favourable periodontal condition than surfaces
      with contact. In the upper jaw of both sexes, proximal surfaces without
      interdental contact had a reduced number of filled surfaces compared to surfaces
      with contact. The linear relationship between SpI and FS was significant, i.e.,
      an increased number of surfaces without contact was accompanied by a reduced
      number of filled surfaces. In the lower jaw, the differences between the SpI
      groups and the linear relationship between SpI and FS did not reach significance.
      In both sexes and both jaws, proximal surfaces without fillings had a more
      favourable periodontal state compared to surfaces with fillings. Indications are
      that the summation effect of the presence of interdental contact and the presence
      of fillings contributed to the differences in periodontal condition between
      surfaces with and without interdental contact.

PMID- 6589241
TI  - The topography of papillary gingiva in health and early gingivitis.
AB  - Using stereo-images, topographical features within the maxillary papillary
      gingiva between the lateral and central incisors were investigated in 36 healthy
      young adults. The features studied were surface stippling, presence of a gingival
      groove, papillary length and papillary area. The prevalence of stippling was
      found to be 95%. The intensity of stippling varied considerably between
      individuals, the mean being 2.6 depressions/mm2. A gingival groove only occurred
      in 19% of the cases examined. The maximum length of the papilla from the base to
      its most incisal tip was measured in relation to the length of the crown of the
      lateral incisor. This ratio was found to be close to 0.5, indicating a healthy
      papilla reaching about halfway to the incisal edge. The surface area of the
      papilla was measured in relation to the labial surface area of the lateral
      incisor. This ratio was close to 0.25, indicating that the papillary surface
      under healthy conditions amounts to about 1/4 of the labial surface of the
      lateral incisor crown. Changes resulting from 20 days of plaque accumulation were
      also investigated. A mean GI of 0.8 was recorded at the end of the experimental
      period; however, no measurable changes in stippling intensity or papillary shape
      could be established. These findings suggest that the early stages of gingivitis
      are characterized mainly by changes in gingival colour, while changes in surface
      texture and shape are secondary characteristics of clinical inflammation.

PMID- 6589242
TI  - An investigation into the response of subjects to a plaque control programme as
      influenced by friends and relatives.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to assess the response of patients to a course
      of instruction in plaque control as influenced by friends and relatives. The
      subjects in the study were 41 patients who had been referred to a dental hospital
      for treatment. There was a major reduction in plaque and gingivitis levels in the
      subjects at both the 10th and 14th weeks of the study. There was a greater
      proportional reduction in gingivitis levels in those subjects who had a higher
      number of reported discussions with their friends. The effect of discussions with
      members of the family was less clear. Lower values for gingivitis levels at 10
      weeks were associated with a higher number of discussions with parents. However
      the levels of gingivitis tended to be adversely affected by discussions between
      the subjects and their spouses. The importance of recognising the influence of
      family and friendship networks needs to be understood when preventive programmes
      are designed, especially where high levels of self-care are sought as outcomes.
      Further work is in progress on a group of office workers being treated in a
      dental practice environment. This will allow the type of advice being obtained
      from the various contacts to be investigated in more detail.

PMID- 6589243
TI  - Use of dental floss by Finnish students.
AB  - In order to elucidate dental care behavior related to interdental cleaning, a
      group of first-year students were invited to a free dental examination. 186 of
      the students invited (76%) were examined clinically and roentgenologically. The
      mean DMFS-index of the students was 22.6 (+/- 12.6). They were also asked about
      their use of dental floss. 35% of the students reported using dental floss, but
      only 2% reported daily usage. 45% of the students had been taught how to use
      dental floss, and 83% of these had been taught by dental personnel. Teaching had
      no effect on the reported frequency of use. There were no statistically
      significant differences in the occurrence of dental plaque and gingivitis between
      those who used dental floss and those who did not. The subjects were unable to
      use dental floss on 1 out of every 3 filled proximal surfaces of the first
      molars. No correlation could be found between dental caries experience and the
      reported use of dental floss.

PMID- 6589244
TI  - Reproducibility of probing attachment level measurements.
AB  - The reproducibility of probing attachment level measurements in incisors, cuspids
      and premolars was studied in 2 groups of patients with severely advanced
      periodontal disease. The results showed that approximately 90% of the recordings
      could be reproduced within within +/- 1.0 mm difference. This was found for intra
      examiner as well as inter-examiner comparisons of 2 examiners. Measurements using
      onlay margins for reference point demonstrated somewhat less variability than the
      use of cemento-enamel junction for reference. The level of reproducibility varied
      notably between patients and was improved following non-surgical periodontal
      therapy. Also, the reproducibility varied significantly between tooth types,
      tooth surfaces and probing pocket depths. It was concluded that in clinical
      studies, the evaluation of the healing response of individual lesions should
      include consideration of the variability of repeated measurements for each of the
      investigated tooth sites.

PMID- 6589245
TI  - The amalgam vs. composite controversy.

PMID- 6589246
TI  - Single-visit endodontics. Observation and comment.

PMID- 6589247
TI  - A rational approach to management of TMJ dysfunction.

PMID- 6589249
TI  - Bulimia and binge eating in college women: a comparison of personality and
      behavioral characteristics.

PMID- 6589248
TI  - Intramammary infusion technique for genetic engineering of the mammary gland.
AB  - The mammary gland is an appropriate substrate for genetic engineering because of
      its capacity to synthesize and secrete molecules of biological importance. An
      approach to mass production of such molecules involves transfer of genes into the
      lactating cell by infusion via the teat and duct system. We describe an infusion
      technique with the rat, a useful animal in which to develop such technology. By
      dye maker, trypan blue, and the ultrastructural marker, ferritin-concanavalin A,
      infusions by this route can permeate the entire gland and deliver molecules to
      apical membranes of lactating cells.

PMID- 6589250
TI  - A scanning electron microscope study of Co-Cr partial dentures fractured in
      service.

PMID- 6589251
TI  - Clinical evaluation of four high-copper amalgam alloys.

PMID- 6589252
TI  - Morphological considerations of the dental pulp chamber from radiographs of molar
      and premolar teeth.

PMID- 6589253
TI  - Recent experiences with denture polymers.

PMID- 6589254
TI  - The analysis of silver-tin dental alloys by x-ray spectrometry.

PMID- 6589255
TI  - Immediate-polished and as-carved Tytin restorations after 12 months.

PMID- 6589256
TI  - [Dental pain and its origin].

PMID- 6589257
TI  - [Evaluation of syringes for composite resins activated by visible light].

PMID- 6589258
TI  - [Thumbsucking].

PMID- 6589259
TI  - [Comprehensive survey of the oro-dental health of Quebec students].

PMID- 6589260
TI  - [polymerization systems using visible light: a subject which continues to become
      clearer].

PMID- 6589261
TI  - [Stress factors in dentistry].

PMID- 6589262
TI  - The ureolytic microflora of immature dental plaque before and after rinsing with
      a urea-based mineralizing solution.
AB  - Ureolytic bacteria were detected in the plaque flora of six subjects, and
      included members of the genera Actinomyces, Bifidobacterium, Staphylococcus, and
      Streptococcus. Proportions of these organisms did not change after subjects
      mouthrinsed thrice daily for four days with a plaque-mineralizing solution which
      contained urea and mono-fluorophosphate. The effectiveness of this rinse depends
      on the rapid metabolism of urea to alkali by plaque organisms, causing
      fluoridated apatite to precipitate in the matrix. Analysis of our data suggests
      that a numerically minor component of the flora, with a high turnover rate, is
      responsible for most of the ureolysis and the subsequent mineral precipitation.

PMID- 6589263
TI  - Hominoid dental microwear: complications in the use of microwear analysis to
      detect diet.
AB  - Analysis of dental microwear on chimpanzee molars reveals much variation that
      reflects jaw mechanics and occlusal function rather than diet. Observed microwear
      pattern differences relate to variations in molar position, facet type, and
      overall age of the tooth. Gradients in the amounts of shear and compression
      generated at different points in the molar series relative to the condyle
      probably account for pattern variations associated with molar position, while
      differences in facet inclination may affect the vectors of compression and shear,
      resulting in facet differences. Age-related pattern differences may be a result
      of surface and subsurface variations in enamel hardness. These results
      demonstrate that intraspecific and intra-individual differences in microwear may
      be extreme, and care must be taken to distinguish normal variation due to
      occlusal mechanics from variations due to dietary difference. The finding that
      microwear variations are reflective of subtle changes in occlusal forces and
      vectors along the tooth row might in itself be a clinically useful phenomenon.

PMID- 6589264
TI  - Relatedness and classification of Streptococcus mutans and "mutans-like"
      streptococci.
AB  - The "mutans-like" streptococci can be separated into five species (Streptococcus
      mutans, S. rattus, S. sobrinus, S. cricetus, and S. ferus) that belong to the
      same rRNA homology cluster. New valuable chemical characters for differentiation
      of the five species--such as peptidoglycan type, presence of cell wall teichoic
      acid, and cell wall sugar composition--are described. The peptidoglycan type and
      the cell wall sugar composition can be determined by rapid procedures.

PMID- 6589265
TI  - Fissure removal and needle scraping for evaluation of the bacteria in occlusal
      fissures of human teeth.
AB  - The bacterial counts obtained with a needle-scrape method for collecting plaque
      samples from human occlusal fissures with incipient caries were compared with the
      microflora remaining in the fissures as determined with a fissure removal method.
      Scraping of six fissures with a sterile needle recovered only 18.2% of the total
      recovered fissure flora. The needle-scrape method failed to detect specific
      cariogenic bacteria which were present in four of the fissures. Treatment of nine
      fissures with an antibacterial solution demonstrated that the needle method
      failed to detect viable bacteria in eight of the fissures which were subsequently
      shown to contain bacteria by fissure removal. The commonly used needle-scraping
      method does not appear adequate for studies on the effect of antimicrobial agents
      on fissure plaque.

PMID- 6589266
TI  - Fluoride uptake by partially-decalcified enamel: a study of possible involvement
      of acid phosphate ions.
AB  - Ionic fluoride and HPO(2-)4 concentrations were determined in partially
      decalcified enamels before and after exposure to NaF or MFP toothpastes, to
      determine whether fluoride uptake could be attributed to reactions with HPO(2-)4.
      Acid phosphate concentrations did not alter upon exposure to fluoride, even
      though large uptake of fluoride did occur. Infra-red spectroscopy showed HPO(2-)4
      in artificially decalcified enamel to be adsorbed rather than present as a
      discrete secondary orthophosphate.

PMID- 6589267
TI  - Properties of kininase in rat dental pulp.
AB  - A kininase, capable of degrading bradykinin, was partially purified from the
      dental pulp of rats, and its properties were investigated. Chromatography on both
      Sephadex G-200 and DEAE Sephadex A-50 columns gave a single peak of kininase
      activity. The molecular weight of the enzyme, estimated by gel filtration, was
      about 67,000, and the optimum pH for the enzymatic reaction was about 7.5. The
      enzyme appears to contain a labile SH group(s) that is essential for its
      activity, because CdCl2, HgCl2 (0.1 mM each), and p-chloromercuric benzoate (0.05
      mM) inhibited the enzyme completely, while dithiothreitol retarded the loss of
      activity during storage. Of various peptides tested, bradykinin was the substrate
      most sensitive for the enzyme. The enzyme released several amino acids located in
      the C-terminal regions of bradykinin--angiotensin I and neurotensin--but only one
      C-terminal amino acid from des-Arg9--bradykinin and angiotensin II. In contrast,
      the enzyme did not release any amino acids from substance P, of which only the
      two amino acids in the N-terminal region are the same as those of bradykinin, but
      its C-terminal is blocked by an amino group. Although the enzyme was not so
      highly purified as to rule out the contribution of other peptidases, these
      results suggest that the dental pulp of rats may contain a single enzyme that
      degrades bradykinin, and the enzyme may be a type of carboxypeptidase, differing
      from known kininases from other animal sources.

PMID- 6589268
TI  - Influence of serum on cultured murine tooth organ allotransplants.
AB  - Previous investigations indicated that in vitro culture of fetal tooth germs
      before allotransplantation prolonged graft survival. This study assessed the
      influence of different sources of serum in culture medium on post-transplant
      development of neonatal tooth organs. The results indicate that recipient-strain
      serum, but not donor-strain serum or calf serum, increased tooth survival
      compared with that of uncultured controls, which were rejected by the fourteenth
      post-transplant day. The survival curve for cultured tooth organs was shifted to
      the right by two days. No tooth transplant survived beyond three wk.

PMID- 6589269
TI  - Effect of daily rinsing with stannous fluoride on plaque and gingivitis: final
      report.
AB  - Two groups of children, ages 12 to 15, rinsed daily for 28 mo with aqueous
      fluoride solutions, one group using 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF) and the other
      group using 0.1% stannous fluoride (SnF2). The SnF2 group had less plaque
      accumulation after four mo, but no difference was apparent at 16 and 28 mo.
      Gingivitis was less severe in the SnF2 group throughout the study, although the
      difference did not reach statistical significance. The 0.1% SnF2 solution, used
      daily as a mouthrinse, inhibits plaque formation, although this inhibitory effect
      is not apparent after 16 mo of rinsing.

PMID- 6589270
TI  - Experimental marginal leakage around dental amalgams placed in artificial
      cavities.
AB  - Experimental marginal leakage of high- and low-Cu amalgam restorations placed in
      acrylic teeth, where the cavities were untreated or painted with denatured
      collagen and/or a CaP slurry, was assessed after specimens were stored in a 1%
      NaCl solution for ten days and for one yr. All specimens stored for ten days
      showed severe marginal leakage. High- and low-Cu amalgam restorations placed in
      untreated acrylic teeth cavities formed seals after a storage period of one yr,
      indicating that these materials are able to form a seal without interacting with
      a natural tooth cavity interface. Cavities treated with denatured collagen also
      formed seals in the long-term group. It was apparent that, when the CaP slurry
      was used, generally more leakage resulted after the year's storage period than
      when amalgam restorations were placed in uncoated acrylic cavity surfaces or in
      those painted with denatured collagen.

PMID- 6589271
TI  - The influence of restorative dental materials on heat transmission in human
      teeth.
AB  - Using the finite element method, we analyzed the temperature distribution and
      heat flow patterns in an axisymmetric tooth model. The models of an unrestored
      tooth and three teeth restored with different restorative materials were
      evaluated comparatively. The insulating ability of a calcium hydroxide cement
      base (Ca(OH)2) is low, which is inherent in its insufficient thermal and poor
      mechanical properties. In the given conditions, the Ca(OH)2 base reduces the
      temperature increase at the cement-dentin interface by 12.5% with respect to a
      restoration of amalgam only. By using a double base (Ca(OH)2 + polymer-modified
      zinc oxide-eugenol), the reduction is 21.9%. With respect to a sound tooth model,
      the presence of a double base in the restored tooth caused a temperature increase
      of only 0.1 degree C at the pulpo-dentinal junction. The thermal conductivity
      coefficient (lambda) of amalgam does not have any influence on the results of the
      calculations. The heat transfer coefficient (alpha) turned out to be an essential
      parameter in this mathematical model.

PMID- 6589272
TI  - Ultrastructural changes in the cementoblasts of rat molars after injection of
      vincristine.
AB  - Cytological changes in the cementoblasts of rats treated with vincristine were
      investigated. Accumulation of secretion granules indicated a disturbed secretory
      mechanism in the cells. Conspicuous dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum
      suggested disturbance in the transport of substances from the rough endoplasmic
      reticulum to the Golgi elements. These disturbances were interpreted to be a
      result of disruption of microtubules.

PMID- 6589273
TI  - Anti-bacterial determinants of stannous fluoride.
AB  - The growth of bacteria on stainless steel wires was used as a model to
      investigate which properties of SnF2 produced anti-bacterial effects against S.
      mutans. Wire-adherent bacteria were exposed for one min, twice a day, to various
      fluoride or control compounds having similar ions, pH, valence, or atomic
      weights. After two days, the thickness of adherent bacteria was scored visually,
      and the decrease in pH of the growth medium was determined. Bacteria from each
      wire were then dried, weighed, and analyzed for metal content. Electron
      microscopy and electron microprobe were used to identify the location of heavy
      metal deposits in the bacteria. Only SnF2 dramatically altered S. mutans growth
      and metabolism, and this anti-bacterial effect was associated with a large uptake
      of tin into the bacterial cells. The fluoride salts of sodium, lead, zinc, and
      copper had little influence on S. mutans growth in this test system. The pH of
      the various fluoride salts or controls generally had no effect on the activity of
      the test compounds, except for the noted inactivation of SnF2 at elevated pH's.
      Since SnF4 did not alter the growth or metabolism of S. mutans, a unique property
      of SnF2--possibly the reactivity in an aqueous environment--may be responsible
      for its anti-bacterial properties.

PMID- 6589274
TI  - Effects of fluoride, lithium, and strontium on intracellular polysaccharide
      accumulation in S. mutans and A. viscosus.
AB  - Fluoride (5 mg/l) consistently depressed the accumulation of intracellular
      iodophilic polysaccharides (IPS) in Streptococcus mutans strains BHT, FA-1, and
      GS-5 by over 90% and in Actinomyces viscosus strain RC-45 by over 50%. There was
      little further reduction in IPS content when fluoride was increased from 5 to 100
      mg/l. Lithium (0 to 1 mg/l) neither enhanced nor inhibited IPS accumulation, nor
      did it modify the inhibitory effects of fluoride in three of the four strains
      tested. Strontium (0 to 100 mg/l) did not alter IPS accumulation in S. mutans GS
      5 but decreased accumulation (less than 10%) in S. mutans FA-1 and BHT and
      significantly enhanced IPS accumulation in A. viscosus RC-45. Analysis of
      variance indicated no statistically significant interactions between fluoride and
      strontium, fluoride and lithium, or strontium and lithium.

PMID- 6589275
TI  - Acceleration of remineralization in vitro by sodium monofluorophosphate and
      sodium fluoride.
AB  - Sixteen groups of artificial caries lesions were treated with from 75-900 ppm F
      from MFP, NaF, combinations of the two, or water for five min twice daily for ten
      days. Between treatments, the lesions were placed in a remineralizing solution at
      37 degrees C. Quantitative microradiography of the treated lesions vs. matched
      untreated lesions showed significant remineralization of the surface layer and
      lesion body of all groups, including the water-treated control group. Fluoride
      treatments improved remineralization. Increasing the concentration of NaF had
      only a small effect on remineralization, but MFP was more effective at higher
      concentrations. Evaluation of MFP/NaF mixtures showed that greatest
      remineralization was obtained from a 75/225 ppm F ratio of NaF/MFP. This
      combination of F- and PO3F= was more effective than a fluoride concentration of
      300 ppm F from either agent alone.

PMID- 6589276
TI  - In vivo remineralization of human enamel and dental calculus formation.
AB  - The aim of this investigation was to determine the inorganic composition and the
      surface morphology of remineralized enamel areas and of dental calculus in heavy
      calculus-formers (five subjects) and to compare these results with those of non
      calculus-formers (two subjects). Electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) was carried
      out on sound, acid-etched, and in vivo remineralized enamel samples from heavy-
      and non-calculus-formers. The mean values of Ca, P, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, Cl, and K
      were compared with the SEM morphology. EPMA measurements showed no significant
      differences in the Ca/P ratio of the surface layers of prism-oriented and/or
      homogeneous enamel remineralization. The variations of remineralization pattern
      after acid-etching are similar in teeth from heavy dental-calculus-forming
      patients and in teeth from non-calculus-formers. The SEM appearances of
      remineralized areas and of the inner surface of mature dental calculus must be
      considered to be totally different. The experiments carried out suggest that the
      remineralization of enamel is not related to the formation of calculus.

PMID- 6589277
TI  - Larval vs. adult pharyngeal dentition in some Japanese cyprinid fishes.
AB  - The development of the pharyngeal dentition was examined in 13 species of five
      subfamilies of the family Cyprinidae. A previously described difference between
      the larval and adult dentition in Gnathopogon caerulescens was observed in 11
      species of Gobioinae, Cyprininae, Leuciscinae, and Danioinae, but was not seen in
      two species of Acheilognathinae. The adult dentition is usually complete by the
      later larval or juvenile period. In the adult dentition, the functioning teeth
      are generally shed at each position, when the replacement tooth has been
      ankylosed to the bone, or when the germ of that tooth has grown sufficiently. In
      the larval dentition, however, the replacement tooth is ankylosed medial to the
      functioning tooth, so the older functioning tooth is retained after ankylosis of
      the replacement tooth. That is why the dentigerous surface of the bone grows
      rapidly during the larval period. Each tooth row represents a single replacement
      wave. The distribution and pattern of the central teeth are exactly the same in
      all types of the larval dentition. However, those of the anterior teeth vary
      between and within different species. The larval dentition develops into the
      major row of the adult dentition through tooth replacements. The number of tooth
      families in the larval dentition is completely consistent with the tooth number
      of the major row in the adult dentition. Therefore, the number of major row teeth
      owes its variation to that in the appearance pattern of the anterior teeth.

PMID- 6589278
TI  - Whole-saliva secretion rates in old and young healthy subjects.
AB  - Resting and stimulated whole-saliva secretion rates were compared in old and
      young healthy volunteers. The stimulated secretion rate was similar in both age
      groups, while the resting flow rate was significantly lower in the old females
      and males as compared with rates in the young.

PMID- 6589279
TI  - Sustained release device containing metronidazole for periodontal use.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to develop a sustained release device containing
      metronidazole for insertion within periodontal pockets and to examine the release
      kinetics in vitro and in vivo. Cast films of ethyl cellulose with or without
      polyethylene glycol, containing metronidazole, were prepared and exhibited
      sustained release. Release rate of metronidazole from the film was measured by
      means of a UV spectrophotometer, and kinetics of release in vitro was found to
      conform to Higuchi's diffusional model. The microbiological results proved that
      embedding metronidazole in ethyl cellulose film does not inhibit the biological
      activity. The release kinetics in vivo correlated with in vitro results,
      exhibiting a sustained release of metronidazole over a period of three days from
      30% metronidazole with polyethylene glycol or 40% metronidazole in ethyl
      cellulose chloroform cast. This study demonstrates that, by embedding
      metronidazole in ethyl cellulose, it is possible to obtain sustained release of
      the drug within the periodontal pocket for three days.

PMID- 6589280
TI  - Relationships between masticatory muscle cross-section and skull shape.
AB  - Cross-sectional areas of the masseter, temporalis and medial, and lateral
      pterygoid muscles were determined in 16 subjects by means of computer tomography.
      In each subject three scans were made, intersecting the thickest part of the
      muscles at right angles to the fiber direction. The masseter and medial pterygoid
      muscles are large in persons with brachycephalic skulls, short faces, and a small
      jaw angle. The cross-sectional areas of the temporalis and lateral pterygoid
      muscles showed no correlation with facial dimensions.

PMID- 6589281
TI  - Dental disease and work loss.
AB  - Few studies have analyzed dental diseases in terms of their social impact. This
      study explored the feasibility of a social outcome measure, work absence. 2600
      employed people in the Hartford (CT) area were interviewed by 'phone using Random
      Digit Dialing methodology. While dental disability did not affect the majority
      (75%) of those workers interviewed, 25% reported an episode of work loss in the
      past 12 months related to dental problems and dental treatment visits. Workers
      lost an average of 1.7 hours. The prevalence and magnitude of work loss were
      sensitive to several sociodemographic, access, and health-related factors.

PMID- 6589282
TI  - Oscillatory wear tests of dental composites.
AB  - The wear behavior of 12 commercial restorative composites (conventional and
      microfilled) and an unfilled restorative material was evaluated using an in vitro
      wear test referred to as an oscillatory wear test. The effect of varying test
      conditions was evaluated in a series of preliminary experiments in order to
      define test conditions for material evaluation. The materials were tested after
      being aged in water at 37 degrees C for periods of from seven days to one year.
      The results indicated consistently lower wear rates for the microfilled materials
      as compared with those of the conventional composites. Aging did not result in
      significant differences in wear rates measured by this method. Scanning electron
      micrography of worn surfaces suggested a possible effect of filler particle shape
      and bonding to the matrix to explain this difference. Although the relevance of
      the results to clinical behavior is not yet known, the study indicated the
      importance of material variables on wear.

PMID- 6589283
TI  - Comparative in vitro sliding-wear study of conventional, microfilled, and light
      cured composite restoratives.
AB  - The sliding-wear behavior of a number of commercially available microfilled and
      light-cured composite restoratives has been investigated and compared with the
      wear characteristics of conventional composites. The surface profiles of the
      composite restoratives, both pre- and post-test, have also been examined in order
      to study material attrition processes. The results indicate that: (1) microfilled
      composites are significantly more resistant to sliding wear than are restoratives
      containing conventionally-sized filler particles; (2) light-cured, microfilled
      composites exhibit a lower rate of sliding wear than do self-curing, microfilled
      restoratives; and (3) the wear process leads to an increase in surface roughness
      for all materials tested, but microfilled materials display lower surface
      roughness values, both before and after sliding-wear tests, than do restoratives
      containing conventional-sized filler particles.

PMID- 6589285
TI  - Transcranial radiographs.

PMID- 6589284
TI  - An international collaborative study of laboratory methods for assessing
      abrasivity to dentin.
AB  - An International Collaborative Study was conducted in which one surface profile
      and two radiotracer methods for assessing abrasivity of dentifrices on human
      dentin were compared. The study consisted of two phases: an open phase in which
      participating laboratories used the method they routinely practiced; and a
      controlled phase in which an expert team for each method performed the abrasion
      tests using all three methods. Four test pastes of known abrasivity were
      evaluated by each method. Similar abrasivity values for the test pastes were
      obtained with the radiotracer methods, whereas the surface profile method
      produced significantly different values. The precision levels of the radiotracer
      methods were similar, and both were superior to those obtained by the surface
      profile method. The time needed to perform the tests by the ADA radiotracer
      method was significantly less than that needed by the other methods. These
      findings suggest that the ADA radiotracer method will be useful in assessing
      abrasivity of dentifrices.

PMID- 6589286
TI  - Inhalers and periodontal symptoms.

PMID- 6589287
TI  - Patterns from practice.

PMID- 6589288
TI  - Diet, nutrition, and oral health: a rational approach for the dental practice.

PMID- 6589289
TI  - Dental anxiety: the patient's point of view.

PMID- 6589290
TI  - Sources of dentists' stress.
AB  - Almost 1,000 American dentists attending the 1982 Association annual meeting
      completed a self-administered questionnaire on sources of stress in dental
      practice. Most respondents identified dentistry as more stressful than other
      occupations. However, most believed that other dentists were under more stress
      than themselves. Dentists use a variety of ways to cope with their stress but a
      fourth report they do nothing. The stressors particularly noted included falling
      behind schedule, striving for technical perfection, causing pain or anxiety in
      patients, canceled or late appointments, and lack of cooperation from patients in
      the chair. However, all of the 25 listed stressors were endorsed by at least some
      dentists. Among the stressors lowest in the composite ratings included: isolation
      from fellow practitioners, competition, monotony, lack of acceptance by patients
      of the preferred treatment plan, and lack of appreciation. An exploratory factor
      analysis leads us to hypothesize six sources in dentists' stress: problems of
      patients' compliance, pain, and anxiety; interpersonal relations; the physical
      strain of work; economic pressures; third-party constraints; and the strain of
      perfectionism and seeking ideal results. As the well-being of the dentist and
      that of the staff and patients are dependent on successful management of
      occupational strains, this topic deserves more empirical study than it has so far
      received. We strongly suggest more studies dealing with stresses that occur daily
      in the immediate environment of office, waiting room, and operatory.

PMID- 6589291
TI  - Dentigerous cyst involving maxillary sinus: report of case.
AB  - The dentigerous cyst is generally discovered during routine radiographic
      examination although it may be found because of secondary infection. Although the
      patient described in this report had symptoms of infection, discovery of the
      lesion was late in the course of development of the cyst as it grew to a large
      size within the antral cavity without causing external expansion. The panoramic
      radiograph is an excellent method to screen for central jaw disease but may not
      allow adequate assessment of processes involving the maxillary sinuses. As
      illustrated by this report, when the absence of a third molar is not explained by
      the patient's history or by the panoramic radiograph, additional radiographs are
      essential to specifically visualize the sinuses and upper middle part of the face
      for accurate diagnosis.

PMID- 6589292
TI  - A technique for removal of fluorosis stains.
AB  - Fluorosis stains can be removed permanently using the hydrochloric acid procedure
      described. The procedure is simple, results are immediate, and there is no
      patient discomfort.

PMID- 6589293
TI  - Effect of occlusal relief on endodontic pain.
AB  - It has been suggested that removal of occlusion contacts will prevent or reduce
      postoperative endodontic pain during treatment. However, this theory has not been
      tested in clinical experiments. In this study, after endodontic instrumentation,
      the treated posterior tooth randomly received occlusal relief or mock-occlusal
      relief. Mean pain levels and the incidence of pain to occlusal pressure at
      various time intervals were recorded on questionnaire postcards by all patients,
      as was the duration of discomfort. Comparison of pain experienced by the occlusal
      treatment groups through statistical analysis gave the following conclusions:
      Spontaneous pain levels in the mock-occlusal relief and occlusal relief groups
      were not significantly different; Spontaneous pain levels in the mock-occlusal
      relief and occlusal relief groups did significantly relate to preoperative pain;
      Pain incidence from occlusal pressure in the mock-occlusal relief and occlusal
      relief groups did not significantly differ; Pain from occlusal pressure in both
      occlusal treatment groups did not significantly relate to preoperative pain;
      Duration of discomfort was not related to the occlusal treatment provided. The
      theory may be invalid that prophylactic removal of occlusal contacts is a pain
      preventive measure.

PMID- 6589294
TI  - Locus of control and oral health.
AB  - People with an "internal" locus of control believe that ability and effort are
      important factors in affecting what happens to them, whereas those with an
      "external" locus of control believe that this is more a matter of luck or fate.
      Patients whose oral health was rated as being "good" scored in a more internal
      fashion on a locus of control questionnaire than patients whose oral health was
      "moderate" or "poor," suggesting that locus of control beliefs are important in
      the design of preventive programs on a personalized basis.

PMID- 6589295
TI  - Science on stamps.

PMID- 6589296
TI  - American Dental Association Principles of Ethics and Code of Professional Conduct
      with official advisory opinions revised to May 1984. Council on Bylaws and
      Judicial Affairs.

PMID- 6589297
TI  - Supplement to the list of certified dental materials, instruments, and equipment.
      Council on Dental Materials, Instruments, and Equipment.

PMID- 6589298
TI  - Nonpainful, erythematous, circinate lesions of a protean nature on a fissured
      tongue.
AB  - We have presented a case of BMG with concomitant fissured tongue, a not uncommon
      association for two rather common oral diseases. BMG is relatively simple to
      recognize, and the diagnosis most commonly is based on clinical appearance and
      history of the presence of the lesions. Clinicians should be aware, however, of
      the similarity, clinically and histologically, of lesions of BMG with other, more
      serious diseases such as psoriasis and Reiter's syndrome. Patients with
      characteristic lesions of BMG should be evaluated closely for signs and symptoms
      of these other diseases.

PMID- 6589299
TI  - Bulimia and the basic fault: a psychoanalytic interpretation of the binging
      vomiting syndrome.

PMID- 6589300
TI  - Chemoprophylaxis of experimental rabbit endocarditis with N-formimidoyl
      thienamycin.

PMID- 6589301
TI  - Heterotransplantation and maturation of a chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line
      (KCL-22) in vivo.
AB  - Heterotransplantation was performed to study the maturational capacity of a new
      Ph1 chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line (KCL-22). Five
      million KCL-22 cells of undifferentiated blasts were implanted intraperitoneally
      into 15 immunosuppressed newborn hamsters. Of the 15 hamsters, 10 that survived
      developed granulocytic tumors 16-61 days after implantation. The tumor cells were
      composed of a mixed population of undifferentiated blasts, neutrophils, and
      eosinophils and had a human female karyotype with double Ph1 chromosomes
      identical to that found in the KCL-22 cell line used for transplantation. These
      findings indicate that Ph1 chromosome-positive cells can be induced to mature
      along the neutrophil-eosinophil lineage after growth in the heterologous hosts.

PMID- 6589302
TI  - Chemotherapeutic susceptibility of human bone marrow progenitor cells and human
      myelogenous leukemia cells (HL-60) in co-culture: preliminary report.
AB  - We determined the chemotherapeutic susceptibility of normal human granulocyte
      progenitor cells (CFU-C) and acute myelogenous leukemia cells (HL-60) in co
      culture. Nucleated bone marrow cells and HL-60 cells were mixed in 0.3% agar
      containing McCoy's 5A medium, fetal bovine serum, human placenta-conditioned
      medium, and various concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents. They were
      incubated in 5% humidified CO2 at 37 degrees C for 8-10 days. CFU-C and HL-60
      colonies were differentiated morphologically. The formation of CFU-C was
      progressively inhibited with the increasing number of HL-60 cells, whereas the
      presence or absence of bone marrow cells did not influence the number of HL-60
      colonies. In separate culture, HL-60 cells were more sensitive to vincristine
      than were CFU-C cells. In co-culture, however, the CFU-C became more sensitive to
      vincristine than in the separate culture. Similarly, co-culture CFU-C were more
      sensitive to daunorubicin than in separate culture. These data indicate that HL
      60 leukemic cells exert inhibitory effects on normal bone marrow CFU-C; in such
      an inhibited state, normal bone marrow is more susceptible to certain
      chemotherapeutic agents.

PMID- 6589303
TI  - Stimulation of NK cell cytotoxic potential of normal donors by two species of
      recombinant alpha interferon.
AB  - We have studied the effect of two species of recombinant alpha interferon (IFN)
      on peripheral blood NK cell cytotoxicity of normal donors against K-562 target
      cell line. Both recombinant IFNs, species A (IFN-alpha rA) and species D (IFN
      alpha rD) significantly augmented, in a dose-dependent manner, NK cell cytotoxic
      potential. Highest augmentation was achieved with doses in the range of 10(3)
      10(4) u/ml. Augmentation was observed independently whether the IFN-alpha r was
      added directly to the cultures of the tumor and effector cells, or whether the
      effector cells were preincubated with IFN-alpha r. Increase in cytotoxicity was
      evident within 10 min of incubation with IFN-alpha rA and was further potentiated
      with increasing incubation time. In general, no synergistic effect of IFN-alpha
      rA and IFN-alpha rD was observed when both of these species were added together
      to target and effector cells. Studies on the mechanism of IFN-alpha r action
      demonstrated that neither species of IFN-alpha r affected NK cell tumor-binding
      potential, but augmented cytotoxic-tumor binding potential and maximum rate of
      lysis. NK cell recycling capacity of most of the donors was augmented by IFN
      alpha rA. These data illustrate that pure preparations of IFN-alpha rA and IFN
      alpha rD augmented NK cell antitumor potential in vitro, suggesting that these
      agents may have therapeutic potential in neoplasias when their mechanism of
      action is more understood, and optimal conditions for treatment are developed.

PMID- 6589304
TI  - [Marginal fracture of amalgam restoration].

PMID- 6589305
TI  - [Geriatric dentistry: dental pulp in the aged].

PMID- 6589306
TI  - [Examination of orthopantomographic images].

PMID- 6589307
TI  - [Dental services offered by the Health Law for the Aged (excluding dental work)].

PMID- 6589308
TI  - [Root canal obturation in deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6589310
TI  - [Dental calculus and saliva. Mechanism of calculus formation].

PMID- 6589309
TI  - [Surgical use of ceramic apatites].

PMID- 6589311
TI  - [Dentistry today and tomorrow].

PMID- 6589312
TI  - [Physico-engineering tests of dental amalgams].

PMID- 6589313
TI  - [Precision analysis of resins for denture bases].

PMID- 6589314
TI  - [Monolayer culture of human ovarian thecal cells. A study on morphological and
      functional characteristics].
AB  - The aim of this study was to establish a monolayer culture system for human
      ovarian thecal cells and to investigate their morphological and functional
      characteristics. Theca layers were isolated and digested with collagenase
      hyaluronidase solution, and dispersed thecal cells were cultured for 10 days in
      plastic dishes. Histological examination indicated that there were no
      contaminating granulosa cells in isolated theca layers. Various histochemical
      studies revealed abundant lipid droplets and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
      activity in cultured cells. The major steroids secreted were delta 4
      androstenedione (delta 4) and progesterone(P). delta 4 secretion was very high
      during the first 2 days (31.6 +/- 1.9 ng/1 X 10(5) cells/2 days) and declined
      thereafter. P was secreted in moderate amounts throughout the 10 day culture
      period (9.0-21.3 ng/1 X 10(5) cells/2 days), while estradiol secretion was very
      low. Subsequently, the responsiveness of cultured thecal cells to gonadotropins
      and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (Bu2cAMP) was investigated. LH/HCG and Bu2cAMP
      stimulated delta 4 and P secretion in a dose-related manner. The maximal
      effective doses of LH and HCG were both 10 ng/ml, and that of Bu2cAMP was 10(
      3)M. In conclusion, it was evident that these monolayer-cultured human thecal
      cells could maintain their morpho-functional characteristics during culture.
      Therefore, this culture system will provide an excellent model for further
      studies on the functional properties of thecal cells.

PMID- 6589315
TI  - [Changes in ovarian 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 20 alpha
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities in pregnant rats].
AB  - Changes in ovarian 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD) and 20 alpha
      HSD activities were studied in pregnant rats. The activity of 3 beta-HSD was
      determined by measuring the rate of conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone.
      The activity of 20 alpha-HSD was determined by measuring the rate of conversion
      of 20 alpha-hydroxy-pregn-4-en-3-one to progesterone. 3 beta-HSD activity in
      corpora lutea (CL) was low between days 8 and 12, increased rapidly on day 15,
      and then gradually decreased until day 23. 20 alpha-HSD activity in CL markedly
      decreased from days 8 to 18, and then increased until day 23. The activities of 3
      beta-HSD and 20 alpha-HSD in non-luteal ovarian compartment (NLO) showed no
      significant changes between days 8 and 23. These results indicated the important
      role of these enzymes in the secretion of progesterone from CL. It was also
      suggested that these enzyme activities in NLO might be controlled by a different
      mechanism.

PMID- 6589316
TI  - [Study of the relationship between the masticatory muscle force and the
      mandibular shape using the shape optimization method].

PMID- 6589317
TI  - [Study on occlusal wear of metal, porcelain and resin artificial posterior
      teeth].

PMID- 6589318
TI  - [Genetic study of maxillary alveolar base].

PMID- 6589319
TI  - [Radiographic determination of bone minerals].

PMID- 6589320
TI  - [Ultrastructural observation of sintered hydroxyapatite by scanning electron
      microscope].

PMID- 6589321
TI  - [Development of instruments to test adhesion fatigue of composite resins for
      molars].

PMID- 6589322
TI  - [Adults' attitude to dental insurance].

PMID- 6589323
TI  - [Cephalometric study of dento-facial changes after orthognathic-surgical
      correction of mandibular prognathism].

PMID- 6589324
TI  - [Studies on the occlusal wear of posterior composite resin restorations. Part 1.
      A measuring method of the occlusal wear of restorations].

PMID- 6589325
TI  - [Studies on the occlusal wear of posterior composite resin restorations. Part 2.
      Clinical evaluation].

PMID- 6589326
TI  - [Study on physical and chemical stability of intrinsic pigments for facial
      prostheses. Effects of heat condition in processing and ultraviolet light
      irradiation after processing].

PMID- 6589327
TI  - [Odontogenic carcinoma].

PMID- 6589328
TI  - [Bacteria as an etiological agent of human dental caries].

PMID- 6589329
TI  - [The contact surface between amalgam and pins].

PMID- 6589330
TI  - [Dental treatment of ectodermal dysplasia patient: report of case].

PMID- 6589331
TI  - [A case report of a traumatic bone cyst occurring in the condylar head of the
      mandible].

PMID- 6589332
TI  - [Case reports of maxillary protrusion].

PMID- 6589333
TI  - Catecholamine sulfates and platelet phenolsulfotransferase activity in essential
      hypertension.
AB  - Because of high plasma concentrations of conjugated catecholamines and their
      unknown relationship to hypertension, we determined those conjugates more
      specifically as catecholamine sulfates together with the sulfoconjugating enzyme
      phenolsulfotransferase activity in platelets of 62 patients with essential
      hypertension and 32 normal controls. Our results indicated: (1) that the pool of
      total (free and sulfated) catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, and
      epinephrine) is higher (because of an increase in dopamine sulfate levels) but
      the degree of epinephrine conjugation is lower in patients with essential
      hypertension compared with controls; (2) that norepinephrine sulfate levels rise
      with age in both groups, but the increase in free norepinephrine with age
      observed in controls was not observed in patients with essential hypertension;
      and (3) that catecholamine conjugates were found to be exclusively sulfates and
      platelet phenolsulfotransferase activity was not different in both groups.
      Platelet phenolsulfotransferase activity was, however, positively correlated with
      plasma norepinephrine sulfate levels, and the degree of sulfoconjugation of
      norepinephrine was positively correlated with that of dopamine in controls but
      not in patients with essential hypertension. These abnormalities occurring in
      essential hypertension in the absence of intergroup differences in platelet
      phenolsulfotransferase activity suggest that the enzyme is either not a good
      marker of the overall activity or that other factors account for the observed
      differences. Thus, additional determinants of the process of generation and
      degradation of sulfoconjugated catecholamines, some of which may be more stable
      markers of sympathetic activity than free catecholamines, need to be explored.

PMID- 6589334
TI  - Oral administration of prostaglandin E2 to humans: effects on peripheral blood
      leukocyte function.
AB  - We examined the effect of small orally administered doses of prostaglandin E2
      (0.5 and 1.0 mg) on human peripheral blood leukocyte function. Plasma levels of
      13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin E2 peaked at 1 hour and returned to baseline
      at 3 to 4 hours. Adherence of lymphocytes to virus-infected cells was increased
      significantly 5 hours after ingestion of prostaglandin E2. Increases in adherence
      were similar to those found when lymphocytes were incubated in vitro with 10(-10)
      mol/L prostaglandin E2. Thus, this cell-cell interaction is very sensitive to
      prostaglandin E. Orally administered doses of prostaglandin E2 had only marginal
      effects on other leukocyte functions (active and total E-rosette formation,
      lymphocyte proliferation response to mitogen, and monocyte natural cytotoxicity)
      that are far less sensitive to prostaglandin E in vitro. Prostaglandin E2 clearly
      has the capacity to influence lymphocyte function when administered orally to
      normal humans.

PMID- 6589335
TI  - Changes in rabbit febrile responses to muramyl dipeptide (MDP) after coupling to
      a synthetic carrier.
AB  - Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) is a small molecular weight synthetic glycopeptide (less
      than 500), which has been shown to be an immunoadjuvant, and to induce a biphasic
      febrile response in the rabbit--probably via the release of endogenous pyrogen-
      accompanied by a marked leukopenia. Macromolecularization by coupling to a
      synthetic carrier (MW approximately or equal to 60,000) potentiates the
      immunostimulant properties of MDP but also its pyrogenicity. The present study
      demonstrates that such a conjugate induced the release of endogenous pyrogen in
      vivo and in vitro at lower dosage levels than free MDP. Further experiments
      showed that there existed several differences between free and conjugated MDP.
      Thus, after intravenous administration of the conjugate, the fever pattern was
      monophasic with a prompt defervescence and not accompanied by leukopenia at
      dosage levels inducing similar increase in body temperature. In addition, when
      fever was recorded after intracerebroventricular administration, the increase in
      sensitivity was much greater in the case of free MDP than of MDP-A--L.

PMID- 6589336
TI  - Production of growth factor activity for fibroblasts by human monocyte-derived
      macrophages.
AB  - Macrophages, derived from human monocytes by in vitro culture, released a growth
      factor for rabbit lung fibroblasts. The release of growth factor was increased
      following stimulation with both soluble (lipopolysaccharide and phorbol myristate
      acetate) and particulate (opsonized zymosan) substances. Production of the growth
      factor activity was dependent on the length of time the monocytes were in
      culture, the presence of serum during the period of monocyte maturation, and
      macrophage protein synthesis. The inability of serum-deprived monocytes to
      produce growth factor could be reversed by adding back serum. Eicosatetraynoic
      acid and dexamethasone but not indomethacin inhibited the production of growth
      factor suggesting that arachidonic acid metabolites other than prostaglandins may
      regulate growth factor production.

PMID- 6589337
TI  - Peritoneal macrophages of pathogen-free rats but not of conventional rats secrete
      elastolytic activity.
AB  - Elicited peritoneal macrophages from Sprague-Dawley rats conventionally bred and
      housed failed, as we have reported, to produce detectable elastolytic activity in
      culture. They did produce lysozyme and plasminogen activator. We now show that in
      contrast to these cells, macrophages from pathogen-free, barrier-sustained rats
      produced readily demonstrable elastolytic activity. Rats raised pathogen-free and
      subsequently housed conventionally for 2-4 wk appeared to lose the capacity to
      afford macrophages producing elastase. At the same time they acquired infections
      with several rat pathogens including Spironucleus muris, Kilham rat virus,
      sialodacryoadinitis virus, and mycoplasma pulmonis. The acquisition by the rats
      of one or more of these infections, conditions conducive to infection, or both
      factors may have suppressed their capacity to yield elastolytic activity.

PMID- 6589338
TI  - The Reticuloendothelial Society: tenth international congress. Ito, Japan,
      September 2-7, 1984.

PMID- 6589339
TI  - Treatment of isolated lateral midface fractures.
AB  - In the management of recent fractures of the zygomatic bone and arch we prefer
      transcutaneous repositioning with a sharp hook. If additional fixation is
      necessary, wire sutures are used. The advantages of osteosynthesis with wire
      suturing and the treatment of simultaneous fracture of the orbital floor are
      presented and discussed.

PMID- 6589340
TI  - Surgical parotid disease in Nigeria: a review of 100 cases.
AB  - 100 cases of surgical parotid disease are reviewed. Parotid cyst was the
      commonest non-neoplastic disease, followed by a parotid fistula. 73% of the cases
      were neoplastic conditions of which approximately 50% were malignant and the
      patients were much younger than those reported in other series.

PMID- 6589341
TI  - Consideration of the formation and biological significance of hypertrophic scar.
AB  - An incision placed at right angles to the direction of skin cleavage lines is
      susceptible to the development of a haematoma within the sutured wound. Moreover,
      the edges of the sutured incision are not firmly fixed together by the material
      and the sutured incision is subjected to direct tension. For these 3 reasons an
      incision not conforming with the direction of skin cleavage lines may frequently
      allow stretching and postoperative hypertrophy of a scar. The biological function
      of a young hypertrophic scar may be an expansion-relaxation movement of the
      capsule of scar tissue like a bellows, at right angles to the direction of skin
      cleavage lines in near, though not quite, synchronism with the surrounding
      dermis. The biological function of a mature scar may be a movement of the scar
      tissue in exact synchronism with the dermis as activated by the combination of a
      bellows-like movement of the capsule of scar tissue in the direction at right
      angles to the skin cleavage lines and an expansion-relaxation movement of the
      main structure of the scar tissue in the direction parallel with the skin
      cleavage lines.

PMID- 6589342
TI  - A new technique for the repair of lateral defects of the upper lip.
AB  - A new technique for the closure of lateral defects of the upper lip is described
      whereby a modified Estlander flap of the lower cheek area is used after a primary
      elongation of the oral aperture. Besides the introduction and description of the
      technique in a case report, different methods for the repair of lateral defects
      of the upper lip are discussed.

PMID- 6589343
TI  - Medial canthal tendon reconstruction.
AB  - A technique is described for reconstructing a resected medial canthal tendon
      using medially based orbicularis muscle flaps from both eyelids. A brief review
      of the literature is discussed.

PMID- 6589344
TI  - Computerized tomography examination for the detection of positional changes in
      the temporomandibular joint after ramus osteotomies with screw fixation.
AB  - Changes in the position of the temporomandibular joint following sagittal
      splitting osteotomy of the mandibular ramus with screw fixation were examined
      using computerized tomography. Ten patients were involved in the study.
      Rotational movement of the condyle-bearing fragment was most commonly seen in the
      transverse computer tomograms. However, the use of screw fixation seems to cause
      no major malpositioning of the condyle-bearing fragment.

PMID- 6589345
TI  - Foreign bodies in the orbit. Review of 20 cases.
AB  - The interdisciplinary problem of foreign bodies in the orbit is presented on the
      basis of personal experience in the treatment of 20 patients. These foreign
      bodies often cause severe injuries to the organ of sight and even threaten life.
      Early removal of a foreign body is technically easy, prevents infection and
      facilitates anatomical reconstruction of the damaged structures. Only in
      exceptional cases may removal be avoided. Of the 20 patients treated, only 9 were
      early admissions to our Department where the foreign body was removed and primary
      surgery performed. The others were admitted after some delay, which made correct
      treatment more difficult. Data on the injuries found in 20 patients, surgical
      technique, follow up and results are presented. Total recovery was obtained in 7
      patients, improvement in vision in 2, enucleation of the globe was necessary in
      5, and in 2 loss of vision was a sequel to a lesion of the optic nerve. Depending
      on the indications, reconstructive plastic surgery and prosthetic rehabilitation
      gave good aesthetic results. The necessity for interdisciplinary collaboration in
      the diagnosis and treatment of patients with foreign bodies in the orbit is
      emphasized.

PMID- 6589346
TI  - The cellular response to Hydron within the rat peritoneal cavity.

PMID- 6589347
TI  - Comparison of some root canal instruments in bending and torsion to newly formed
      or draft specifications.

PMID- 6589348
TI  - Xeroradiographic interpretation of experimentally induced jaw lesions.

PMID- 6589349
TI  - Intracanal corrosion of a silver cone producing a localized argyria: scanning
      electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray analyzer analyses.

PMID- 6589350
TI  - Observer variations in the interpretation of periapical osseous structures: a
      comparison between xeroradiography and conventional radiography.

PMID- 6589351
TI  - A study comparing the effectiveness of Ibuprofen (Motrin), Empirin with Codeine
      #3, and Synalgos-DC for the relief of postendodontic pain.

PMID- 6589352
TI  - Treatment of large periapical lesions using cannulization through the involved
      teeth.

PMID- 6589353
TI  - Esthetic solutions in orthodontic extrusion of compromised teeth.

PMID- 6589354
TI  - Studies on the "San-Huang-Hsieh-Hsin-Tang" in the treatment of essential
      hypertension.

PMID- 6589355
TI  - Studies on serum middle molecules in chronic renal failure--a preliminary report.

PMID- 6589356
TI  - [Echocardiographic study of aortic dissection].

PMID- 6589357
TI  - Two antacid regimens in the treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 6589358
TI  - [Sudden deafness--a study of 105 consecutive cases].

PMID- 6589359
TI  - [Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia--a clinicopathological
      analysis of 12 cases].

PMID- 6589360
TI  - [Traumatic arteriovenous fistula of superficial temporal vessels--a case report].

PMID- 6589361
TI  - Human brain phenol sulfotransferase: biochemical properties and regional
      localization.
AB  - Phenol sulfotransferase (PST) catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of catecholamines
      and phenol and catechol drugs. The human blood platelet contains a thermolabile
      (TL) form of PST that catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of dopamine and other
      monoamines and a thermostable (TS) form that catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of
      micromolar concentrations of phenol and p-nitrophenol. Experiments were performed
      to determine whether the brain contains forms of PST analogous to the TL and TS
      forms found in the human platelet, and to determine whether there are regional
      variations in human brain PST activity. We found that the human brain contains at
      least two forms of PST, forms that are similar to the platelet TS and TL forms of
      the enzyme with respect to substrate specificity, apparent Km constants, thermal
      stability, and sensitivity to inhibitors. Optimal conditions were determined for
      the measurement of these two activities in brain homogenates. The stability of
      PST activities in the human brain after death was determined in five samples of
      cerebral cortex that were obtained during clinically indicated neurosurgical
      procedures. An average of 76 +/- 8% and 80 +/- 9% (mean +/- SEM) of the basal TL
      and TS PST activities, respectively, remained in these five samples of cerebral
      cortex after 8 h of storage under simulated post-mortem conditions. Six human
      brains were then obtained less that 8 h after death from patients who had no
      neurological disease prior to death. The mean activities of the TL and TS forms
      of PST were measured in 17 different regions of the six brains. If the pituitary
      was excluded from consideration, TL and TS PST activities both varied
      approximately fivefold among these regions, and both activities were highest in
      cerebral cortex. However, the average TS activity in the anterior pituitary, a
      tissue of non-neural origin embryologically, was 6.5-fold greater than the
      highest average TS PST activity found in cerebral cortex.

PMID- 6589362
TI  - Arterial eicosanoid production following chronic exposure to a periarterial
      haematoma.
AB  - Cisternal and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid obtained some days following a
      subarachnoid haemorrhage contains abnormally large quantities of various
      prostanoids; some may be partly the result of abnormal production by the cerebral
      arteries. The extra-arterial and intra-arterial production of 6 oxo PGF1 alpha
      (prostacyclin metabolite), PGE2, PGF2 alpha and TXB2 were measured in perfused
      rabbit common carotid arteries taken both from normal rabbits and from rabbits in
      which the arteries had been ensheathed by blood clot in vivo for 7 days using two
      techniques. Prostaglandin production by control arteries was highest during the
      first hour of perfusion but declined or increased marginally (PGE2) during the
      succeeding three hours. Arteries exposed to a periarterial haematoma for 7 days
      produced prostaglandins at a high rate throughout the 4 hours of study, and there
      was a progressive and marked increase in PGE2 production. The disproportionate
      increase in the cerebral vasoconstrictor PGE2 may reflect the inflammatory
      response which occurred in the adventitia of the vessels. Increased prostanoid
      production by cerebral arteries probably does contribute to the increased levels
      in CSF after subarachnoid haemorrhage.

PMID- 6589363
TI  - Clinical utility of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and adenosine deaminase
      determinations in adult leukemia with a lymphoid phenotype.
AB  - A prospective study was done to assess the clinical utility of terminal
      deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) assays in adult
      leukemia with a lymphoid phenotype. The study population consisted of 58 patients
      with adult lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at onset, 12 with lymphoblastic lymphoma,
      15 with acute unclassifiable leukemia (AUL), and 30 with lymphoid or mixed acute
      phase of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph' +) chronic myelogenous leukemia
      (CML). TdT was present in all cases of T-ALL, in 90% of non-T, non-B ALL, and
      absent in B-ALL; the ADA activity was significantly higher (P less than .01) in T
      ALL. TdT was found in 75% of lymphoblastic lymphomas, in 78% of lymphoid, and in
      50% of mixed CML transformations; higher ADA activity correlated with TdT
      positivity in AUL and CML blastic transformations (P less than .001). TdT
      positive ALL had a better chance of response to therapy than TdT-negative ALL (P
      less than 0.01), but survival was not statistically different. TdT was
      undetectable in the peripheral blood of patients with ALL in complete remission
      and within the normal range in bone marrow (0.1%-8% of nucleated cells); median
      ADA activity was as in control subjects. Relapsing ALL patients had TdT and ADA
      enzymatic activities as before therapy; TdT immunofluorescence test (IF) was
      positive in 69% of bone marrow and in 100% of CNS relapses. Twenty percent of TdT
      positive ALL at onset became TdT-negative in bone marrow at relapse. TdT IF test
      was instrumental in detecting meningeal leukemia but neither TdT nor ADA could be
      used as indicators of complete remission or impending relapse because TdT
      positive cells were present in normal marrows and wide fluctuations of TdT IF
      values and of ADA activity were observed in remission.

PMID- 6589364
TI  - Isolated testicular relapse in acute lymphocytic leukemia of childhood:
      categories and influence on survival.
AB  - Isolated testicular relapse complicating first hematologic remission was
      identified in 31 of 521 boys with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Three
      categories of involvement were apparent and could be related to presenting
      clinical features, duration of initial complete remission, and length of
      hematologic remission. Among 12 patients with early testicular relapse, most had
      unfavorable prognostic features when ALL was first diagnosed. All but two of
      these children experienced marrow recurrence within seven months of testicular
      relapse. In contrast, the 12 patients who developed testicular disease late in
      their clinical course have responded much better to further therapy; ten remain
      in bone-marrow remission for a median of four years beyond testicular relapse.
      Similarly, five of the seven patients with subclinical testicular leukemia, found
      at elective biopsy, continue in marrow remission for prolonged periods. Early
      testicular recurrence is a sign of drug-resistant disease; late recurrence after
      elective cessation of therapy may represent residual, incompletely treated but
      still responsive leukemia.

PMID- 6589365
TI  - Philadelphia chromosome and TdT-positive AML.

PMID- 6589366
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic observations of deposits formed over the surface of
      dental restorative materials in the oral cavity--short-period observations of
      pellicles.

PMID- 6589367
TI  - Case reports on tooth positioners using LTV vinyl silicone rubber.

PMID- 6589368
TI  - Research into the colors of denture base resin--influence of differences in shade
      and thickness.

PMID- 6589369
TI  - The effects of the slit in orthopantomography. Report 2. Comparison between
      orthopantomography and ordinary tomography.

PMID- 6589371
TI  - Learning to think conceptually: metaknowledge and metalearning strategies for
      educationally disadvantaged students in nursing.

PMID- 6589370
TI  - The effect of splinting upon healing after tooth replantation--a histological
      study in rat molars.

PMID- 6589373
TI  - RAIN--a successful effort in the retention of educationally disadvantaged
      students.

PMID- 6589374
TI  - Professional nursing career program for disadvantaged students: striving for
      professional achievement in nursing (SPAN).

PMID- 6589372
TI  - Recruitment and retention of disadvantaged students in baccalaureate nursing
      programs: perspectives from a private university.

PMID- 6589375
TI  - Recruitment and retention of disadvantaged students in baccalaureate nursing
      programs.

PMID- 6589376
TI  - Prevalence of mandibular dysfunction in 10-18 year old Israeli schoolchildren.
AB  - The prevalence of mandibular dysfunction in a sample of 369 Israeli
      schoolchildren was found to be 56.4%, indicating that one or more of the cardinal
      symptoms were present. It increased with age from about 51% in the 10-13 year old
      group to 67.8% in the 16-18 year olds. The most common cardinal sign of
      dysfunction was joint sounds (35.8%), which increased with age from 28% in the
      youngest group to 44.3% in the oldest group. The second most common sign was
      joint sensitivity to palpation (30.4%), which showed a slight increase in the
      oldest group. Sensitivity of the superficial muscles was recorded third, with
      20%. Joint pain and restriction of mandibular movement appeared infrequently. Two
      of the more common cardinal symptoms, namely joint sounds and muscle sensitivity,
      were statistically related to several possible aetiological factors and to age
      and sex. Analysis of association showed that the probability of muscle
      sensitivity increased in the presence of malocclusion and/or joint sensitivity to
      palpation. It also showed that age, occlusal wear, locking of the jaw and joint
      sensitivity to palpation increased the probability of joint sounds.

PMID- 6589377
TI  - Influence of experimental interfering occlusal contacts on the activity of the
      anterior temporal and masseter muscles during mastication.
AB  - Quantitative electromyography (EMG) was used to study, in eleven volunteers with
      complete, natural dentitions, the effects of an experimental intercuspal occlusal
      interference on the pattern of activity of the anterior temporal and masseter
      muscles during mastication. The results show that a small occlusal interference
      (about 0.5 mm) in the intercuspal position can change the co-ordination of
      muscular activity during mastication. In general, there was a prolonged
      contraction time as well as a reduction of the activity in all the investigated
      elevators, especially on the side of the interference. Furthermore, after 48 h
      several subjects preferred to chew unilaterally. After removal of the
      interference, the pattern of co-ordination of muscular activity returned almost
      to the pre-experimental pattern within 2 weeks.

PMID- 6589378
TI  - The hardness of composites as a function of temperature.
AB  - The microhardness of conventional, posterior and microfil composites were
      measured as a function of temperature in an aqueous environment. With the
      exception of one posterior composite and two microfils, the composites suffered
      dramatic decreases in hardness (of the order of 30-50%) over temperature
      intervals corresponding to that encountered in oral service. In those systems
      which did not display hardness changes, interactions between glass and matrix as
      well as enhanced filler packing may be important.

PMID- 6589379
TI  - Cumulative electromyography of the human masseter muscle during fatiguing
      isometric contractions.
AB  - Six adult males performed maximum voluntary tooth clenching (MVC) for 10, 20, 30,
      40 s and, after 15 min, for 40, 30, 20, 10 s. During the isometric exercises the
      electrical currents of the masseter muscle were sampled by integrated and
      cumulative surface electromyography. Subjective masseter fatigue was present
      after 30 and 40 s of MVC clenching, accompanied by changes in myoelectrical
      activity. Strength testing of the masseter muscle, before and after endurance
      testing, showed that the strength increased by a significant 16% following two
      endurance tests. This observation was explained by a post-tetanic potentiation
      and/or a differentiated use of motor units in the fatigued muscle. It is
      concluded that brief MVC isometric activity, or strength testing, is not a
      reliable measure of fatigue in the masseter muscle when cumulative
      electromyography is used. Prolonged MVC isometric activity, or progressive
      endurance testing, monitors reliably the onset and progression of masseter
      fatigue.

PMID- 6589380
TI  - The in vivo corrosion of Dispersalloy.
AB  - The in vivo corrosion of Dispersalloy amalgam restorations was characterized by
      scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. It was
      observed that the corrosion of CuSn resulted in pitting on the restoration
      surface. Corrosion of Sn-rich grain boundaries led to intergranular separation of
      gamma 1 grains. The tin released through corrosion reacted with Ca, P, Cl and O
      forming various insoluble complexes on the external surface, at the tooth-amalgam
      interface, and within the interior of the restoration. The demineralization of
      the amalgam-adjacent margin has been attributed to corrosion.

PMID- 6589381
TI  - A standardized system for evoking reflexes in human jaw elevator muscles.
AB  - A standardized reproducible system for evoking jaw reflexes following chin tap is
      described. It represents an improvement over non-standardized and other
      standardized forms of instrumentation in that characteristics of the associated
      jaw displacement and parameters of the evoked jaw jerk reflexes recorded using
      this system have been shown to be reproducible. The need for standardized
      instrumentation to evoke jaw reflexes of any kind is emphasized by the influence
      of graded variations in tap force on the parameters of the evoked jaw jerk reflex
      response. Thus, higher levels of tap force correlate with an increased jaw jerk
      duration and amplitude and a decreased latency.

PMID- 6589382
TI  - Attachment retained overdentures: a report on their maintenance requirements.
AB  - Twenty-three patients who received attachment retained overdentures between 1964
      and 1977 are reviewed. One third of the patients examined had carious abutment
      teeth, oral hygiene was poor, and periodontal disease prevalent. Overdentures
      opposed by natural teeth required more extensive prosthetic maintenance than
      overdentures opposed by a conventional complete denture. Three quarters of the
      teeth retaining the prostheses were functioning adequately after a mean period of
      7 years.

PMID- 6589383
TI  - Interdental thickness discrimination in myofascial pain dysfunction subjects.
AB  - Interdental thickness discrimination (ITD) was evaluated on twenty-eight normal
      subjects and twenty subjects with myofascial pain dysfunction (MPD). This
      evaluation was performed before and after a submaximal isometric clenching task
      sustained to pain tolerance. The results of the study demonstrate a significant
      difference in ITD ability at several test points between the normal and MPD
      subjects. The experimental variable of sustained submaximal clenching did not
      significantly alter the ITD ability of either subject group.

PMID- 6589384
TI  - The effect of sustained submaximal clenching on maximum bite force in myofascial
      pain dysfunction patients.
AB  - The effect of a sustained (30% maximum) isometric clenching task on the maximum
      voluntary bite force level was evaluated on normal jaw function subjects as well
      as on abnormal jaw function subjects (MPD patients). The results indicate that
      the MPD subjects had a lower maximum voluntary bite force level and a shorter
      endurance time when compared to normal subjects. Neither the control subjects nor
      the MPD subjects demonstrated a change in their brief MVBF after a 'fatigue
      inducing' task. These results suggest a lack of contractile element failure in
      the jaw closing muscles following sustained submaximal isometric clenching on a
      force transducer.

PMID- 6589385
TI  - The fracture toughness of dental composites. III. The effect of environment upon
      the stress intensification factor (KIC) after extended storage.
AB  - Three composite products were subjected to prolonged storage in four different
      environments. The fracture toughness parameter KIC was obtained for these by the
      fracture of SEN specimens. For each composite no significant differences were
      found between samples of material held in these conditions.

PMID- 6589386
TI  - A 4 year follow-up study of alveolar bone height influenced by two dissimilar
      Class II amalgam restorations.
AB  - Fifty-four paired, approximal amalgam fillings, extended (E) versus unextended
      (NE) were placed in forty-three patients and followed up to 4 years. Yearly
      measurements between the alveolar crest and (a) the apical margin of the fillings
      (E, NE), and (b) the cemento-enamel junction of the control group, were performed
      using bite-wing radiographs joined to a translucent grid magnified ten-fold. The
      rate of alveolar crest resorption was similar for the control (C) and the
      unextended filling (NE) and reached 0.45 mm after 4 years of follow-up. The
      resorption of the alveolar crest under the extended (E) filling was significantly
      higher and reached 0.80 mm after 4 years (P less than 0.001).

PMID- 6589387
TI  - Human discrimination of different bite forces.
AB  - Twenty young adult subjects were selected to determine normal baseline data of
      dynamic interdental bite force discrimination by use of a specially designed
      strain gauge instrument. The data may aid in defining the role of the periodontal
      ligament, temporomandibular joint and muscles of mastication in the regulation of
      interincisor bite force.

PMID- 6589388
TI  - Characteristics of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children with osteopenia and
      vertebral compression fractures.

PMID- 6589390
TI  - Absence of periodontitis in a population of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
      (IDDM) patients.
AB  - The prevalence of periodontitis was studied in a population of insulin-dependent
      diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, aged 10-18, with a variety of disease
      durations and levels of control. The sample included a number of patients with
      poorly controlled IDDM of long duration. None of the patients had radiographic
      signs of periodontitis. When considered in conjunction with previously reported
      studies, the findings suggest that populations of IDDM patients may differ in
      susceptibility to the periodontal diseases; thus, generalizations concerning
      prevalence based on only a few studies may be inappropriate.

PMID- 6589389
TI  - Comparative differential dark-field microscopy of subgingival bacteria from tooth
      surfaces with recent evidence of recurring periodontitis and from nonaffected
      surfaces.
AB  - Ninety-two subjects with a history of treatment for chronic periodontitis were
      monitored on a regular basis for an average period of 10.7 months. During this
      monitoring period, in spite of their participation in a preventive maintenance
      program, 19 subjects out of 92 showed evidence of significantly increased probing
      depth (greater than or equal to 3 mm from base line measurements) on at least one
      tooth surface, or approximately 1% of the dental units at risk in this
      population. A comparison of differential microscopic counts of subgingival
      bacteria from the affected tooth surfaces with a pooled sample of 6 other
      surfaces with the greatest probing depth, in the same mouth, taken at the same
      appointment, revealed no significant differences between proportions of coccoid
      cells, spirochetes, motile rods or other cell types. These findings suggest that
      disease recurrence, as measured by a comparatively rapid increase in probing
      depth, might be accounted for on the basis of the following hypotheses: an
      alteration in the host response without a detectable change in the composition of
      the subgingival microbiota, a qualitative change in the microbial flora not
      detectable by a microscopic assay, relatively brief episodes of disease activity
      which may be accompanied by brief, transient, qualitative changes in the local
      microbiota that cannot be readily detected by biannual examinations.

PMID- 6589391
TI  - Prostaglandin-vasopressin interactions on the renal handling of calcium and
      magnesium.
AB  - The role of prostaglandins in the regulation of sodium and water excretion has
      been widely studied, but little is known about the influence of prostaglandins
      (PGs) on the tubular handling of calcium, magnesium or phosphorus. Recent
      observations have suggested that PGE2 and vasopressin may interact and influence
      reabsorption of calcium and phosphorus in the cortical collecting duct. The
      present study investigated the effect of meclofenamate (2 mg/kg), and inhibitor
      of PG synthesis, on the excretion of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus.
      Experiments were performed in antidiuretic and water diuretic rats to examine
      potential PG-vasopressin interactions on the reabsorption of these ions by renal
      tubules. In antidiuretic rats given meclofenamate, urine osmolality increased
      whereas urine flow and the fractional excretion of water, urea, sodium, calcium
      and magnesium decreased by 30 to 50%. In water diuretic animals, urine osmolality
      and urea excretion were unaltered after meclofenamate administration. Fractional
      excretion of sodium, water, calcium and magnesium declined approximately 50% in
      water diuretic rats given meclofenamate. Urinary excretion of PGE2 was not
      significantly different in water diuretic and antidiuretic rats averaging 262 +/-
      78 vs. 167 +/- 35 pg/min, respectively. Meclofenamate significantly reduced
      urinary excretion of PGE2 in both groups. The results indicate that renal PGs
      modulate renal tubular reabsorption of calcium and magnesium, as well as sodium
      and water.

PMID- 6589393
TI  - A method to determine occlusal contact and noncontact areas: preliminary report.
AB  - A new method for quantitative occlusal measurement is presented. This method
      allows for occlusal contacts and noncontact areas to be recorded, permanently
      referenced, and analyzed over time. The overall extent of application and
      refinement of the method is unknown. However, at present it provides a method for
      selectively recording occlusal positions and the surrounding spatial dimensions
      that occur on closure.

PMID- 6589392
TI  - Contractile activity of human coronary arteries and human myocardium in vitro and
      their sensitivity to calcium entry blockade by nifedipine.
AB  - Depolarization (100 mM K+) of acetylcholine, serotonin and prostaglandin (PG) F2
      alpha contracted human isolated coronary artery segments. Serotonin was about 10
      fold more potent than either acetylcholine or PGF2 alpha, but PGF2 alpha elicited
      contractions of the greatest magnitude. Serotonin (10 microM) and PGF2 alpha (3
      microM) induced rhythmic contractions in the arterial segments. Depolarization-,
      PGF2 alpha- and serotonin-induced increase in tone was depressed by nifedipine,
      as was the serotonin- and PGF2 alpha -induced rhythmic activity. The induced
      rhythmic activity was about 100-fold more sensitive to inhibition by nifedipine
      than was the induced tonic contraction of the arteries. Depolarization-induced
      contractions and serotonin-induced rhythmic contractions displayed about equal
      sensitivity to inhibition by nifedipine. Nifedipine was more potent as an
      inhibitor of depolarization-induced contractions of arteries than it was as an
      inhibitor of electrically stimulated trabecular strips of ventricle from the same
      hearts. The inhibition of isolated coronary artery contraction was obtained
      within the range of nifedipine concentrations observed in the blood of treated
      patients.

PMID- 6589394
TI  - Relationship of head posture and the rest position of the mandible.
AB  - Eight subjects were evaluated to assess the relationship between VDR and head
      posture. Photographic evaluation of head position and VDR was performed initially
      to quantify a baseline recording. All subjects were then given 4 weeks of
      physical therapy to improve head posture. Photographs were remade after 2 and 4
      weeks of therapy. An increase in the VDR and in the angle of the head to the
      cervical vertebra was noted in all patients. Although further study is indicated
      to confirm the findings of this pilot study, it appears that the VDR is
      influenced by head position. This finding should be considered when prosthodontic
      problems are treated.

PMID- 6589395
TI  - A study of nickel allergy.

PMID- 6589396
TI  - Evaluation of the toxicity of denture base polymers after subcutaneous
      implantation in guinea pigs.

PMID- 6589397
TI  - Soft surgical vinyl resin obturator.

PMID- 6589398
TI  - Minimizing damage to casts in the mail.

PMID- 6589399
TI  - Heat generated when threaded pins are cut: a comparison of techniques.
AB  - The temperature rise of threaded pins was measured when cut under various
      conditions and with different instruments. The air-water coolant and intermittent
      cutting produced significantly lower temperature rises than the air coolant and
      constant cutting, respectively. No particular carbide bur or diamond stone is
      recommended since little difference existed among them with respect to heat
      generation.

PMID- 6589400
TI  - Preprosthetic improvement of the alveolar region by grafting with attached oral
      mucosa.

PMID- 6589401
TI  - A kinematic investigation of mandibular border movement by means of an electronic
      measuring system. Part III: Rotational center of lateral movement.

PMID- 6589402
TI  - Multiple handpiece delivery system for tooth preparation.
AB  - A cart-type handpiece delivery system has been modified to provide the operator
      with five high-speed and one low-speed air-driven handpieces. This relatively
      simple dental unit is versatile and can be adapted to a variety of tooth
      preparation techniques. The product of organization is efficiency, which
      encourages optimum results with an economy of actions and a reduction of stress.

PMID- 6589403
TI  - Implant-tissue interface of endosseous dental implants in dogs. validity of
      clinical evaluation methods.
AB  - Plaque and gingival bleeding were scored and probing, radiography, and histologic
      methods were used to evaluate clinical methods for estimating alterations of
      supporting structures at functioning endosseous dental implants. Twelve implant
      abutment posts in three Labrador retriever dogs were assessed. The observation
      period was 3 months of submerged healing followed by 6 months in function. In the
      presence of daily gingival cleaning, both plaque and gingival bleeding scores
      were reduced on implant abutments. No correlation was found between gingival
      scores and the degree of bone resorption. The correlation between probing and
      radiographic measurements was studied by comparing 136 parallel measurements. The
      average difference was 0.4 mm. Discrepancies were observed when evaluating bone
      loss that reached the shoulder area. Better accordance was obtained when moderate
      (2 to 4 mm) or extensive (6 to 8 mm) resorption was assessed. Histologic
      evaluation indicated alternating regions of implant-bone contact and fibrous
      encapsulation. Progressive infiltrates were observed in the permucosal area,
      sometimes extending into the deeper parts of the supporting bone. A combination
      of probing and radiographic measurements seems to give the most reliable
      information about the level of bone support and is recommended to be included in
      routine control of implant abutments.

PMID- 6589404
TI  - Soft tissue reaction to an autologous root implant.

PMID- 6589405
TI  - Restoration of movement to the upper eyelid in facial palsy by an individual gold
      implant prosthesis.

PMID- 6589406
TI  - The nature of the side-shift in lateral mandibular movement and its implications
      in clinical practice.

PMID- 6589407
TI  - Location of the terminal hinge axis and its effect on the second molar cusp
      position.
AB  - Incorrect location of the terminal hinge axis of 5 and 8 mm to the anterior,
      posterior, superior, and inferior was examined. With jaw relation records 3 and 6
      mm thick at the incisors, the errors in cusp height at the second molar ranged
      from 0.15 mm open space to 0.4 mm excess height. The mesiodistal error ranged
      from 0.51 mm toward the distal to 0.52 mm toward the mesial. While the
      mesiodistal component to the error has been calculated in the past with some
      accuracy, the values obtained have varied because different anatomic dimensions
      were used. In addition, the vertical component of the error in cusp height as
      illustrated in Fig. 2 was not considered and/or not subjected to in-depth
      calculation.

PMID- 6589408
TI  - Obstetrics malpractice action; intestinal ailment award; breast cancer case.

PMID- 6589409
TI  - Cardiac amyloidosis and idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis.

PMID- 6589410
TI  - Promoting compliance in hypertensive patients.

PMID- 6589411
TI  - Case report: hyperprolactinemia in a patient with pseudotumor cerebri.

PMID- 6589412
TI  - Impaired physicians program: treatment loan fund.

PMID- 6589413
TI  - Perspective on contact lenses. Optifair East.

PMID- 6589414
TI  - [A case of Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6589415
TI  - [A case of acute lymphocytic leukemia complicated with multiple pancreatic
      pseudocysts probably caused by L-asparaginase].

PMID- 6589416
TI  - [A case of eosinophilic-basophilic meningitis developed during the course of
      chronic myelocytic leukemia in blastic crisis].

PMID- 6589417
TI  - [A case of familial pyruvate kinase deficiency associated with acute
      myelomonocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6589418
TI  - [A child of acute monoblastic leukemia with a 9/11 translocation].

PMID- 6589419
TI  - [Bone scintigraphy of skeletal tuberculosis].

PMID- 6589420
TI  - Malignant tumors arising in patients with congenital bone diseases--investigation
      by a questionnaire.

PMID- 6589421
TI  - Cytogenetic approaches to the pathogenesis of lymphoid malignancies: a proposal
      of 14q+ marker positive malignancy.

PMID- 6589422
TI  - Interaction of prostaglandin E2 and bradykinin in the induction of afferent
      splanchnic nerve discharges in cats.
AB  - In anesthetized cats, the administration of either bradykinin (BK) (0.3-3
      micrograms/kg) or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (1-30 micrograms/kg) into the cranial
      mesenteric artery dose-dependently evoked the firing discharge in the proximal
      end of the afferent greater splanchnic nerves with a latency of about 10 sec, the
      pronounced contraction of the longitudinal muscle of the jejunum, and changes in
      blood pressure. PGE2 at the doses of 1-10 micrograms-kg i.a. potentiated the BK
      (1 microgram/kg i.a.)-induced firing discharge of the afferent splanchnic nerves
      of which latency was also shortened, but did not alter the BK-induced jejunal
      contraction and blood pressure change. However, trimoprostil (30 micrograms/kg
      i.a.), a trimethyl PGE2 derivative, did not change all of these responses to BK.
      Aspirin at 50 mg/kg i.v. markedly prevented the BK-induced nerve discharges, but
      not the BK-induced jejunal contraction. These results taken together indicate
      that PGE2 may be involved in the facilitatory response of afferent splanchnic
      nerve discharges to BK, but not involved in the BK-induced jejunal contraction
      and blood pressure change. The findings on trimoprostil present the possibility
      that derivatization of PGE2 could modify its inherent ability to produce adverse
      side-effects.

PMID- 6589423
TI  - Comparison of the vascular responses of simian and canine mesenteric arteries to
      vasoactive substances.

PMID- 6589424
TI  - Histochemical study on hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in the trophoblast of the
      dog placenta.

PMID- 6589425
TI  - Cancer mortality in relatives of retinoblastoma patients.
AB  - The risk of other cancers in relatives of retinoblastoma (RTB) patients was
      determined by a survey of the mortality experience of siblings, parents, parental
      siblings, and grandparents of all U.S. or Canadian RTB patients referred to The
      University of Texas M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute between 1944 and
      1980. Expected mortality was ascertained by the application of age-, sex-, race-,
      and calendar year-specific U.S. mortality rates to the observed person-years.
      Among 607 relatives of 33 unilateral-sporadic RTB probands, no excess in cancer
      deaths was observed (observed/expected = 18/22). Among 733 relatives of 47
      bilateral-familial RTB probands, a slight excess in cancer deaths was observed
      (41/31). A significant excess in cancer deaths was occurred in relatives under
      age 55 years (18/9) and in fathers (7/1) of the bilateral RTB probands. To
      determine whether the cancer excess was related to some unique allele associated
      with second tumors in RTB survivors, the cancer mortality of 203 relatives of the
      14 RTB patients with second tumors was examined, and no excess was observed
      (11/11). To determine whether the excess might be attributable to an unexpressed
      RTB gene or precursor, the mortality experience was examined in 6 kindreds in
      which parents, unaffected by RTB, had more than 1 child with RTB. Among these 72
      relatives a significant excess in cancer deaths was observed (8/2). The findings
      demonstrate a modest overall cancer excess in relatives of hereditary RTB
      patients and suggest it may be attributable to an unexpressed RTB gene or
      precursor in a small number of kindreds. Mechanisms for an apparent "precursor"
      might involve a delayed mutation, genetic mosaicism, or a submicroscopic balanced
      chromosomal translocation.

PMID- 6589426
TI  - In vitro growth promotion of human mammary carcinoma cells by steroid hormones,
      tamoxifen, and prolactin.
AB  - Individually different growth responses of 10 cell lines newly derived from
      metastasizing mammary carcinomas were determined by cell counts in experimental
      incubations with the steroid hormones 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone,
      testosterone, hydrocortisone (cortisol), the antiestrogenic compound tamoxifen,
      or prolactin. Of 7 cell lines derived from ductal carcinomas, 5 were stimulated
      by prolactin. The growth of 4 of 7 cell lines established from the tumors of
      postmenopausal or ovariectomized patients was enhanced by doses of testosterone,
      which are in the range of the physiologic serum level. The proliferation of 5
      cell lines was promoted by hydrocortisone in the physiologic concentration of 100
      nM, supporting the notion that concentrations of testosterone or hydrocortisone
      normally present in body fluids may facilitate the in vivo growth of breast
      cancer. The in vitro growth of cells derived from tumors after relapse under
      treatment with medroxyprogesterone acetate or tamoxifen was markedly enhanced by
      progesterone or tamoxifen (CAS: 10540-29-1) in concentrations corresponding to
      therapeutical serum levels and in accordance with in vivo resistance to the
      endocrine therapy applied before cell sampling. The results of this suggest the
      occurrence of positive endocrine selection mechanisms operating in vivo on human
      mammary tumor cell populations.

PMID- 6589427
TI  - Thioesterase II, a new marker enzyme for human cells of breast epithelial origin.
AB  - Metabolic, enzymologic, and immunohistochemical techniques have been used to show
      that a human cell line of breast epithelial origin synthesized medium chain fatty
      acids via the ubiquitous fatty acid synthetase and a mammary-specific chain
      terminating enzyme, thioesterase II. Previous studies in our laboratory with
      rodents indicated that thioesterase II is expressed exclusively in mammary
      epithelial cells, an observation consistent with the physiologic role of the
      enzyme in milk fat synthesis. Results of the present study suggest that the
      enzyme exhibits a similar cell specificity in its expression in humans and that
      the specificity is maintained in normal and neoplastic tissues. Thus thioesterase
      II was detected immunohistochemically in normal human breast epithelia derived
      from both lactating and nonlactating breast tissue, in cultured cells derived
      from both primary breast epithelial tumors and from a metastatic tumor of breast
      origin, and in several human breast epithelial cell lines; the enzyme could not
      be detected in HeLa cells, in a colon carcinoma, or in a mammary myoepithelial
      cell line. These findings raise the possibility that thioesterase II may be of
      use as a diagnostic tool to identify human tumors of breast epithelial origin.

PMID- 6589428
TI  - Cancer patient survival among ethnic groups in the United States.
AB  - Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program of the National
      Cancer Institute were used in the evaluation of cancer patient survival
      experience for 8 racial-ethnic groups in the U.S. population--Anglos, Hispanics,
      blacks, American Indians, Chinese, Japanese, Filipinos, and Hawaiians. This
      report contains an actuarial (life table) survival analysis on 402,752 patients
      with first primary cancer diagnosed in 1973-79 and followed through December 31,
      1981. Relative and observed survival rates are shown for each sex separately by
      primary site. Survival rates for females exceeded those for males for each
      primary site except for gallbladder and urinary bladder. The primary site having
      the highest survival rate among each group studied was the thyroid gland with a 5
      year relative rate of 91% for all races combined. Rates were uniformly low among
      each group for cancers of the esophagus, liver, and pancreas. Survival rates for
      Hispanics were almost identical to those for Anglos; the largest differences were
      found for bladder (73% for Anglos vs. 64% for Hispanics), Hodgkin's disease (70%
      for Anglos vs. 61% for Hispanics), and ovary (35% for Anglos vs. 42% for
      Hispanics). For many primary sites Japanese experienced the highest survival
      rates and American Indians the lowest. In comparison to Anglos, Japanese had
      higher survival for cancers of the stomach, colon, prostate gland, and breast.
      The higher survival for stomach and breast cancers persisted even when
      controlling for age of patient and stage of disease at diagnosis. Survival rates
      for blacks were much lower than those for whites for cancers of the corpus uteri
      and urinary bladder. Survival rates for Chinese and Hawaiians were roughly
      comparable to those for Anglos, whereas survival rates for Filipinos tended to be
      similar to those for blacks.

PMID- 6589429
TI  - Effects of smoking on the development of female reproductive cancers.
AB  - The effect of smoking on the development of breast, endometrial, and ovarian
      cancers is evaluated among cases identified between November 1980 and July 1982
      in the Iowa Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Cancer Registry.
      Population-based, age-frequency matched controls were also evaluated, adjusting
      for potential confounders: Age, age of menarche, age of menopause, duration of
      menses, female family reproductive cancer history, obesity, parity, infertility,
      and lifetime steroid hormone use. Logistic regression analyses of total pack
      years of cigarette exposure indicate that smoking is not significantly related to
      the development of breast cancer [relative risk (RR) = .99; confidence interval
      (CI) = .97, 1.02] or ovarian cancer (RR = 1.00; CI = 1.00, 1.00). Among women
      with endometrial cancer, the risk for those who smoke is increased among
      premenopausal women (RR = 1.27; CI = .65, 2.59) and decreased among
      postmenopausal women (RR = .41; CI = .16, 1.04).

PMID- 6589430
TI  - Incidence of vulvar carcinoma in relation to menstrual, reproductive, and medical
      factors.
AB  - Fifty-seven female residents of King and Pierce Counties (Washington State) with
      a new diagnosis of in situ or invasive vulvar carcinoma during 1976-79 were
      interviewed concerning their menstrual, reproductive, and medical histories. A
      random sample of women residing in the same area was interviewed for comparison.
      A greater proportion of women with in situ vulvar tumors than control subjects
      were of low educational level, reported a history of oral contraceptive use,
      experienced early age at first birth, late age at menopause, and were current or
      former cigarette smokers. Menstrual and reproductive factors were similar between
      women with invasive vulvar cancer and controls, but a greater proportion of cases
      reported a history of diabetes and of cigarette smoking. The factors found in
      this study to be associated with in situ vulvar carcinoma are similar to those
      observed among women with cervical cancer. In addition, since the vulva and
      cervix both are derived from cloacal tissue, and neoplasms of the two sites occur
      together more often than would be expected by chance, in situ vulvar and cervical
      tumors may share some common etiologies.

PMID- 6589431
TI  - Response of malignant mammary cell lines to a growth inhibitor partially purified
      from plasma-derived human serum.
AB  - The specificity and mode of action of a growth inhibitory factor (GIF) isolated
      from human plasma-derived serum (PDS) was examined with cell lines established
      from malignant and nonmalignant human tissues. The mammary cell line, MCF-7, was
      used in previous work to monitor purification of GIF from serum. The current
      study showed that, of 9 mammary cell lines, 5 (MDA-MB-415, BT-474, MCF-7, T47D,
      ZR-75) were inhibited by GIF partially purified from a single serum source. The
      degree of cell line sensitivity to DEAE-purified GIF was directly related to the
      amount of inhibition observed with unfractionated PDS. The growth of cells
      established from other malignancies (lung, colon, melanoma, cervix) and normal
      diploid fibroblasts was not inhibited. MCF-7 cell growth inhibition was fully
      reversible following 3 days incubation in GIF but was not reversible after 5
      days. Inhibition represented a cytostatic effect. Among the macromolecular
      synthetic events assayed, DNA and RNA remained unaffected by GIF whereas protein
      synthesis per cell was markedly elevated. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter
      analysis of treated and control populations showed no differences in G1, S-, and
      G2 phase distributions.

PMID- 6589432
TI  - Histopathologic prognostic factors in neuroblastic tumors: definition of subtypes
      of ganglioneuroblastoma and an age-linked classification of neuroblastomas.
AB  - Histopathologic prognostic factors of 295 pretreatment tumors of a total 641
      neuroblastomas and ganglioneuroblastomas were studied with the use of the
      following proposed tumor classification. The tumors were divided into 2 groups:
      stroma-poor (235 cases) and stroma-rich (60 cases) according to their
      organizational pattern (stromal development). The stroma-poor group was
      classified further into 2 subgroups: favorable stroma-poor (84% survival) and
      unfavorable stroma-poor (4.5% survival) according to the patient's age at
      diagnosis, degree of maturation, and nuclear pathology [mitosis-karyorrhexis
      index (MKI)] of the neuroblastic cells. The stroma-rich group was further
      classified into 3 subgroups: well differentiated (100% survival), intermixed (92%
      survival), and nodular (18% survival) on the basis of morphology of the immature
      element in the tumor tissue without regard to patient's age or quantitative
      maturation. Favorable stroma-poor and well-differentiated and intermixed stroma
      rich groups seem to make good prognosis groups (87% survival), which show gradual
      progression along a maturational sequence according to the age of the patient.
      Unfavorable stroma-poor and nodular stroma-rich groups form poor prognosis groups
      (7% survival) and show morphological evidence of malignant or aggressive
      behavior, such as inappropriate immaturity for age, higher MKI, and gross nodule
      formation by immature neuroblasts.

PMID- 6589433
TI  - Correlation of cytotoxicity with elimination of iodine-125 from nude mice
      inoculated with prelabeled human melanoma cells.
AB  - BRO human melanoma cells were prelabeled in vitro with [125I]5-iodo-2'
      deoxyuridine ([125I]IdUrd) and inoculated into NIH-II nude mice ip, im, sc, or
      iv. Saline or diphtheria toxin (DT), which is selectively toxic to human cells
      compared to those of mice, was injected, and the loss of 125I from the animals
      was monitored daily with a whole-body gamma scintillation detector. For most of
      the inoculation sites DT accelerated the rate of 125I excretion and in all cases
      was cytotoxic for the inoculated cells as determined by host survival or
      measurement of visible tumor growth. Differences between the rates of 125I loss
      for DT-treated mice compared to untreated mice were most evident for cells
      inoculated ip or im. These results indicate that [125I]IdUrd prelabeling of human
      tumor cells inoculated in nude mice offers a rapid method for determination of
      cytotoxicity in vivo.

PMID- 6589434
TI  - Transplantable Marek's disease lymphomas. II. Variable tumor immunity induced by
      different lymphoblastoid cells.
AB  - The effectiveness of cells from 6 different Marek's disease (MD) lymphoblastoid
      cell lines to induce immunity to syngeneic transplantable MD lymphomas was
      investigated in 2 related inbred lines of White Leghorn chickens (lines G-B1 and
      G-B2) that have different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genotypes. Cells
      from 2 line G-B1 lymphomas (MDCT-NYM1 and MDCT-UG1) and 1 line G-B2 lymphoma
      (MDCT-UG2) were used for challenge. Three of the lymphoblastoid cell lines tested
      were developed from these lymphomas. Growth of palpable lymphomas was lowest
      among G-B2 chickens immunized with syngeneic lymphoblastoid cells. Protection
      against the early lethal effects of the highly virulent transplantable lymphomas
      was greatest in both lines of chickens when the lymphoblastoid cells were
      syngeneic with the hosts. Lymphoblastoid cells of unknown MHC type either failed
      to induce immunity to the lymphomas in both lines or protected some line G-B2
      chickens challenged with syngeneic MDCT-UG2 lymphoma cells.

PMID- 6589435
TI  - Continuous noninvasive monitoring of pH and temperature in rat Walker 256
      carcinoma during normoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
AB  - The extracellular pH and temperature of Walker 256 carcinoma and of normal
      subcutaneous tissue were measured continuously in unanesthetized female Sprague
      Dawley rats for up to 20 hours following glucose or galactose administration. The
      pH was monitored with flexible glass electrodes contained in micropore chambers
      implanted in the flank of a rat. Temperature was measured with miniature
      thermistor probes incorporated in the tumor or in subcutaneous tissue. The pH in
      the untreated Walker 256 carcinoma decreased linearly from approximately 7.3 to
      6.2 with increasing tumor mass up to 50 g. Administration of glucose (6 g/kg body
      wt, ip) in tumor-bearing rats increased glucose concentrations in blood and
      tumor, as well as lactic acid concentration in tumor, and had no significant
      effect on lactic acid concentration in blood. Plasma volume was not affected by
      either glucose or galactose loading as compared to that in rats given saline
      alone. However, the blood viscosity increased by up to 30% within 30 minutes
      after galactose injection, but not after glucose injection, and this significant
      difference in viscosities persisted for approximately 6 hours after glucose and
      galactose injections. In small tumors (less than 10 g), a decrease of up to 1 pH
      unit was observed within 6 hours after glucose administration, and the return of
      pH to pretreatment values began about 10 hours after glucose injection. Response
      of large ulcerated tumors (greater than 20 g) was not as uniform; the pH
      decreased by about 0.5 to 1 pH unit for only a brief period. After galactose
      injection, pH in some tumors remained unchanged, whereas in others an average
      decrease of about 0.2 pH units was observed. The pH in normal tissue was not
      affected by glucose or galactose administration. Both glucose and galactose
      decreased tumor temperature by about 7 degrees C.

PMID- 6589436
TI  - Correlation of tumor growth inhibitory activity of macrophages exposed to
      adriamycin and adriamycin sensitivity of the target tumor cells.
AB  - Variant cell lines of the murine fibrosarcoma UV-2237, selected for doxorubicin
      [adriamycin (ADM)] resistance, were used to study the tumoricidal activity of
      macrophages that had been exposed to ADM. Free ADM (0.01-1 microgram/ml) was
      cytotoxic to the sensitive UV-2237M parent and to the partially sensitive UV
      2237M-revertant cell lines, whereas the ADM-resistant UV-2237M ADMR line was
      unaffected by these levels of ADM. Macrophages harvested from the peritoneal
      cavities of mice given ip injections of 10 mg ADM/kg body weight 1 day or 4 days
      previously inhibited proliferation of the 3 cell lines, an effect that was
      directly correlated to the degree of ADM sensitivity of each cell line.
      Macrophages exposed in vitro to ADM (from 0.01 to 1 microgram/ml) inhibited the
      growth of, and eventually were cytolytic to, the parent and the revertant cell
      lines; these ADM-exposed macrophages did not affect the UV-2237M-ADMR cell line.
      The correlation between the antitumor effects of macrophages exposed to ADM and
      the ADM susceptibility of tumor cells suggests that ADM-exposed macrophages exert
      their effect by the release or transfer of the stored drug.

PMID- 6589437
TI  - Determination of extracellular pH and tissue temperature in transplantable rat
      tumors by use of inductive loop telemetry.
AB  - Radiotelemetry was used to determine changes in extracellular pH and tissue
      temperature during tumor development in rats of an inbred WAB substrain. A
      progressive decrease in the pH of the tumor tissue compared with the pH level in
      control tissue was observed, so that by 4 days after tumor implantation the tumor
      tissue was about 0.4 pH units lower than control values. Thereafter, tumor pH
      rose progressively to reach a value comparable with control levels at 8 days,
      when the experiment was terminated. No significant difference was detected
      between the temperature in the tumor tissue and the temperature in the control
      tissue. Therefore, the observed changes in pH appeared to be independent of
      temperature. Studies on the rate of tumor cell proliferation during the
      experiments demonstrated a significant inverse relationship between tumor cell
      mitotic rate and pH, with the highest rates of cell proliferation occurring at
      the time of lowest pH values.

PMID- 6589438
TI  - Inhibition of macrophage-mediated tumor cell destruction by oxidized
      lipoproteins.
AB  - Lipoproteins (LP), isolated from human sera by column chromatography and density
      ultracentrifugation, were tested for their ability to inhibit macrophage (M phi)
      mediated tumor cell destruction. None of the LP subclasses isolated by
      ultracentrifugation inhibited M phi-mediated cytolysis. Chromatography on a
      Sephadex G-200 column, prior to or following ultracentrifugation, resulted in the
      isolation of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein
      (LDL) that prevented tumor cell destruction by M phi. High-density lipoprotein
      did not acquire the ability to inhibit M phi-mediated tumor cell killing under
      any condition. The acquisition of inhibitory activity by VLDL and LDL subclasses
      could be prevented by incorporation of EDTA and the bubbling of nitrogen gas into
      the chromatography buffer. These conditions inhibited the formation of lipid
      peroxides and thus prevented the formation of LP that inhibit M phi-mediated
      cytotoxicity. The mechanism by which oxidized LP prevents M phi from destroying
      tumor targets is not known. However, the mechanism does not appear to be related
      to a decrease in M phi viability.

PMID- 6589439
TI  - Amphotericin B potentiation of the cytotoxicity of anticancer agents against both
      normal hematopoietic and leukemia cells in mice.
AB  - Dose-response curves in AKR or CD2F1 mice were obtained for AKR leukemia, L1210
      leukemia, and hematopoietic stem cells following in vivo administration of one of
      the following anticancer agents alone or in combination with amphotericin B
      (AmB): doxorubicin, lomustine, or melphalan. AmB potentiated drug cytotoxicity of
      all agents against both leukemias. Potentiation of all three agents was greatest
      with the AKR leukemia demonstrating dose-modifying factor (DMF) values of 1.8,
      3.0, and 2.7, respectively, for lomustine, melphalan, and doxorubicin. L1210
      leukemia was somewhat less sensitive to drug potentiation by AmB with respective
      DMF values of 1.8, 1.8, and 1.3. AmB did not potentiate the action of any agent
      against hematopoietic stem cells. The increased life-span assays generally
      confirmed the clonogenic assays supporting the validity of the latter results.
      The specificity of AmB potentiation of anticancer agent cytotoxicity for tumor
      cells indicates that AmB may be a useful addition to antitumor drug combinations.

PMID- 6589440
TI  - Alterations in sensitivity to nonspecific cell-mediated lysis associated with
      tumor progression: characterization of activated macrophage- and natural killer
      cell-resistant tumor variants.
AB  - Certain "membrane-mutant," lectin-resistant (Lecr) variants derived from the
      highly metastatic and poorly immunogenic DBA/2 mouse tumor MDAY-D2 previously
      were found to differ substantially in their ability to grow and to metastasize.
      In the present study, the parental MDAY-D2 tumor and several wheat germ
      agglutinin-resistant (WGAr) variants were examined for alterations in sensitivity
      to activated macrophage (M phi)- and natural killer cell (NK)-mediated lysis. The
      results indicated that selection in WGA after mutagenic treatment of a metastatic
      parental tumor cell line (MDAY-D2), which was M phi-sensitive (M phi S) and NK
      resistant (NKR), can result in the isolation of a significantly M phi-resistant
      (M phi R) and NK-sensitive (NKS) tumor variant, MDW4. The in vivo hybridization
      of the M phi R, NKS, Lecr MDW4 variant with a normal host-derived cell within a
      primary subcutaneous tumor, previously demonstrated to result in the progressive
      and selective outgrowth and metastasis of hybrid products, was found to be
      associated directly with reversion to the M phi S, NKR phenotype of the
      metastatic parental MDAY-D2 cell line. DMA/2 mice given iv injections of 10(5) M
      phi R, NKS cells (MDW4 or MDW4-110c1, a cloned line isolated from a subcutaneous
      primary tumor of an MDW4-injected animal) survived for a significantly prolonged
      period as compared to animals given injections of either the parental tumor or M
      phi S, NKR hybrid products isolated from a MDW4 subcutaneous primary tumor (MDW4
      110c2) or visceral metastases (MDW4-24a, MDW4-24b, and MDW4-24c). The results
      clearly indicate an inverse relationship among the tumor variants in their
      ability to be lysed by either M phi or NK and suggest a central role for NK
      rather than M phi surveillance in this tumor system.

PMID- 6589441
TI  - Irreversibility of liver tumors in C3H mice.
AB  - The present study was designed to test the possibility that spontaneous
      regression of hepatocellular tumors might be observed in mice. This problem was
      studied by sequential liver biopsies in C3H male mice that had been treated with
      dieldrin (CAS: 60-57-1) as well as in animals treated with N-diethylnitrosamine
      (CAS: 55-18-5) and in untreated control mice. Adenomas were seen in some animals
      at the second laparotomy when there had been no tumor at the first laparotomy. In
      a few mice there was histologic progression from adenoma to carcinoma. A change
      in predominant cell type in adenomas from clear to basophilic or eosinophilic was
      also observed in some cases. Additional hepatocellular carcinomas were observed
      in some animals necropsied at 2 years of age. These observations suggest that
      spontaneous hepatic tumors and tumors in mice treated with either complete
      carcinogens or nongenotoxic compounds have a strong tendency to progress. Tumor
      regression in mice appears to be unusual. No consistent relationship of
      histologic grade of hepatocarcinoma to the type of chemical employed was
      observed.

PMID- 6589442
TI  - Persistence of DNA single-strand breaks and other tests as indicators of the
      liver carcinogenicity of 1-nitroso-5,6-dihydrouracil and the noncarcinogenicity
      of 1-nitroso-5,6-dihydrothymine.
AB  - The cyclic nitrosourea 1-nitroso-5,6-dihydrothymine [(NDHT) 1
      nitrosodihydrothymine] was not significantly carcinogenic when it was
      administered for 1 year in drinking water (206 mg/liter) to MRC-Wistar rats. In
      acute toxicity tests, ip injection of saline solutions of 1-nitroso-5,6
      dihydrouracil [(NDHU) CAS: 16813-36-8; 1-nitrosohydrouracil], a strong liver
      carcinogen in rats, produced only mild liver toxicity but marked focal
      degeneration of myocardial fibers. NDHU injected ip in water solution produced
      subcapsular liver damage. NDHU, but not NDHT, induced unscheduled DNA synthesis
      in hepatocyte primary cultures. NDHU, NDHT, and methylnitrosourea [(MNU) CAS: 684
      93-5; N-methyl-N-nitrosourea], a liver carcinogen only under special conditions,
      were tested for their ability, when injected ip into rats, to produce liver DNA
      damage measured as strand breaks by alkaline sucrose gradient centrifugation. The
      three nitrosoureas produced similar maximum DNA damage of 2.2-3.2 strand
      breaks/10(8) daltons. Eighty percent of the damage due to NDHU persisted for 7
      days, and the damage at that time was significantly greater than that produced by
      NDHT and MNU. The varying persistence of liver DNA damage may explain why NDHU,
      but not NDHT, is a liver carcinogen.

PMID- 6589443
TI  - Photocarcinogenesis and influence of UV radiation on autoimmune disease in NZB/N
      mice.
AB  - Several biologic effects of UV radiation on NZB/N mice were studied. NZB mice
      exhibited normal susceptibility to photocarcinogenesis compared to another
      pigmented but non-autoimmune mouse strain, C57BL/6NCr. Susceptibility was
      compared on the basis of latency, anatomic location, and histologic type of
      tumors induced by chronic UV irradiation. The influence of UV irradiation on
      progression of spontaneous autoimmune disease in NZB mice was examined with
      respect to anti-DNA antibodies, excretion of protein in urine, survival,
      glomerulo-nephritis, and leukemia. UV irradiation of NZB mice reduced both
      survival of mice and the level of serum antibody binding to DNA. Reduced survival
      occurred not only in autoimmune mice but also in C57BL/6 mice. Serum antibody
      binding to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) was reduced in UV-irradiated NZB mice
      compared to that in untreated NZB mice, but it recovered to normal (untreated)
      levels after termination of UV irradiation. No alteration in preference of DNA
      antibodies for ssDNA, UVssDNA, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), or UVdsDNA was
      observed in UV-irradiated mice.

PMID- 6589444
TI  - New methods for the early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer.

PMID- 6589445
TI  - [Status of the humoral system of renal prostaglandins in patients with
      hypertension].
AB  - The state of the renal prostaglandins (PG) system was assessed in 54 patients
      with essential hypertension, stage IB-IIA, as compared to that of patients with
      symptomatic arterial hypertensions. A decrease in renal PGE2 production, noted in
      all hypertensive patients and determined on the basis of its diurnal excretion,
      was particularly pronounced in essential hypertension. Diurnal PGE2 excretion
      decreased as hypertension progressed in patients with essential hypertension, and
      renal PGF2 alpha production became prevalent. Renal function is dependent on the
      level of PG production by the kidney. As renal concentration capacity decreases
      and renographic findings become less satisfactory, PGE2 excretion decreases as
      well. Salt loads can bring out functional insufficiency of the renal PG system in
      essential hypertension, as reflected in a much smaller increase in PGE2
      excretion, as compared to the control values, at early stages of salt loading and
      a considerable increase in PGF2 alpha excretion. In essential hypertension,
      inadequate renal prostaglandin response to salt loading is, to a certain degree,
      related to changed renal PGE-9-ketoreductase activity.

PMID- 6589446
TI  - Genetic marker patterns of inbred strains of mice at the Cancer Research
      Institute, Bombay.
AB  - 36 genetic markers were examined in 14 inbred strains of mice maintained at the
      Cancer Research Institute, Bombay. The genetic marker profiles of these strains
      when compared with the profiles of similar strains maintained elsewhere revealed
      discrepancies in 4 of them which are reported and discussed. The results
      emphasize the importance of genetic monitoring of inbred strains.

PMID- 6589447
TI  - An investigation of genetic variation within a series of congenic strains of
      mice.
AB  - 2 congenic strains of mice, B6N.AKN-Ahk and D2N.B6N-Ahb, imported from the USA,
      were found to be either segregating or fixed for an incorrect allele at a number
      of biochemical loci. B6N.AKN-Ahk, supposedly congenic with C57BL/6N, had the
      wrong genotype at 6 out of 12 biochemical loci; D2N.B6N-Ahb, supposedly congenic
      with DBA/2N, was segregating at 3 out of 9 loci. There was genetic variation in
      mandible shape within the 2 strains but no abnormal coat colours were found and
      no hybrid vigour in breeding performance was detected. Analyses in the USA
      confirmed these results and showed that 2 other congenic strains, C3N.D2N-Ahd and
      AKN.B6J-Ahb, were also segregating at a number of loci. Some of the alleles found
      in the C3N.D2N-Ahd mice must be the result of a genetic contamination. The
      simplest explanation for this breakdown in the backcrossing programme is genetic
      contamination with other congenic strains or recombinant inbred lines under
      development in the same laboratory. These findings emphasize the importance of
      continual genetic monitoring of all genetic stocks at regular intervals and in
      particular during the development of congenic and recombinant lines.

PMID- 6589448
TI  - Lower extremity revascularization.

PMID- 6589449
TI  - The carpal tunnel syndrome.

PMID- 6589450
TI  - Discharging the chronically mentally ill to the community.

PMID- 6589451
TI  - In defense of the basic sciences.

PMID- 6589452
TI  - Bill's lesion.

PMID- 6589453
TI  - The reaction of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide with an essential
      carboxy group of human placental estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase.
AB  - Estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase from human placenta was inactivated by 1-ethyl-3
      (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC), a specific reagent for modification
      of carboxyl group in a protein. Inactivation of the dehydrogenase by EDC
      progressed in time-dependent, concentration-dependent and ionic strength
      dependent manners. In the presence of NAD+ or NADP+, the inactivation rate by EDC
      was markedly accelerated. NMN+ and acetylpyridine-DPN+ also appeared to increase
      the rate of modification of the dehydrogenase by EDC, but no acceleration of the
      inactivation was observed in the presence of the reduced forms of those
      nucleotides. Inactivation by EDC in the presence of NAD+ was accompanied by
      incorporation of 2 mol of NAD+/mol of dimer (Mr = 68,000) of the enzyme. When the
      dehydrogenase was incubated with EDC together with estriol, the activity was lost
      slower than that of control without the steroid. Similarly, the inactivation was
      prevented by addition of estrone and estradiol as well as aminoestrogens. From
      those results, we suggest that the carboxyl group essential for the function of
      estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase is buried in the enzyme molecule, and the
      positive charge of nicotinamide N1 of the oxidized form of the cofactor plays an
      important role for enhancement of the inactivation by EDC.

PMID- 6589454
TI  - Early relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is not predictable by serial
      biochemical assays of terminal transferase activity in cells from peripheral
      blood.
AB  - Serial samples of peripheral blood were collected from 37 children with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in remission. Activity of terminal transferase (TdT)
      was assayed by a biochemical technique. False positive results were obtained
      infrequently (approx. 1%), in contrast to experience with bone marrow analyses.
      However, early relapse of disease was not predictable in ALL by repeated
      measurement of TdT in circulating mononuclear cells during remission.

PMID- 6589455
TI  - Effect of ara-A on differentiation and proliferation of HL-60 cells.
AB  - The HL-60 human leukemic promyelocytic cell line can be induced to mature into
      terminally differentiated cells using certain chemotherapeutic agents. We have
      recently demonstrated that two inhibitors of DNA synthesis, cytosine arabinoside
      (ara-C) and aphidicolin, can induce HL-60 differentiation with the appearance of
      monocytic markers. These pyrimidine antimetabolites may have affected DNA
      methylation patterns and resulted in altered gene expression, or the
      differentiated phenotype may have occurred by inhibition of DNA replication.
      Consequently, we have extended these studies by using the purine analog, adenine
      arabinoside (ara-A), which also acts as an inhibitor of DNA synthesis. The
      results demonstrate that ara-A also induces HL-60 non-specific esterase activity
      and enhances expression of myeloid cell surface antigens, MY-4 and MO-1. The
      induction of a differentiated phenotype by ara-A occurs after partial inhibition
      of DNA synthesis, a finding similar to that observed with ara-C and aphidicolin.
      These observations indicate that purine, as well as pyrimidine analog inhibitors
      of DNA polymerization can induce differentiation of HL-60 cells along a monocytic
      lineage. These findings may be relevant to recent clinical trials that have
      employed low doses of ara-C in an attempt to induce differentiation of malignant
      hematopoietic cells.

PMID- 6589456
TI  - Nitrous oxide reduces growth of experimental rat leukemia.
AB  - The ability of nitrous oxide to inhibit the in vivo growth of hematological
      neoplasms was investigated in a rat model for acute myeloid leukemia (BNML).
      Nitrous oxide, administered in a concentration of 67% with 33% oxygen, resulted
      in a reduction of spleen and liver weights of approx. 30%, as compared with
      leukemic rats kept in ambient air. Peripheral white cell counts were also
      considerably lower in the treated rats. Plasma levels of vitamin B12 were found
      to be elevated in untreated leukemia, but fell to about normal levels after
      nitrous oxide exposure. On the contrary, folic acid levels were low in untreated
      leukemic rats, and significantly higher in animals exposed to nitrous oxide. The
      observed effects of nitrous oxide appeared to be dose-dependent. The deoxyuridine
      suppression test performed with leukemic cells became abnormal after nitrous
      oxide inhalation, in accordance with the effect on normal bone marrow. These
      results indicate that the interference of nitrous oxide with vitamin B12-related
      metabolism, which leads to impairment of de novo thymidine synthesis, has the
      potency to reduce leukemic proliferation in vivo.

PMID- 6589457
TI  - Comparisons between warm and cold water swim stress in mice.
AB  - The following experiments evaluated the effects of warm- or cold-water swim
      stress on tail-flick latencies (TFL) in mice. To first determine the appropriate
      control group, the TFL's of dry-vs-dunked mice were compared. Dry mice had
      significantly shorter TFL's than dunked mice, implying that the dampness of the
      mouse's tail contributed to the increase in the TFL. Therefore, dunked mice were
      used as the relevant control for the swum mice. Cold water swimming (2 degrees C)
      produced a significant increase in the TFL; this was not blocked by the opiate
      antagonist naloxone (3 mg/kg sc) or potentiated by the enkephalinase inhibitor
      thiorphan (100 mg/kg sc). Warm water swimming (32 degrees C) up to 3 min produced
      an inconsistent effect on TFL's, implying that the effects were at the threshold
      of detectability. Naloxone attenuated and thiorphan modestly potentiated the
      effects of warm water swimming on TFL's. This suggests that warm water swim
      stress-induced increases in mouse TFL's may involve opioid pathways, whereas cold
      water swim stress-induced changes in mice TFL's appear not to be opioid mediated.

PMID- 6589458
TI  - [Sarcoma of the ilium induced by irradiation of an ovarian tumor].

PMID- 6589459
TI  - [Dental fees and social security. Position of the Swiss Dental Society].

PMID- 6589460
TI  - [Dental anomalies in children with chronic renal insufficiency (I)].

PMID- 6589462
TI  - Eating disorders in young women.

PMID- 6589461
TI  - [Dental anomalies in children with chronic renal insufficiency (II)].

PMID- 6589463
TI  - Eating behaviours among young women.
AB  - Disordered eating and weight-control behaviour is becoming increasingly common
      among adolescent girls. We studied four groups of young women aged between 15 and
      27 years (106 school and university students, 50 ballet school students, 22
      patients suffering from anorexia nervosa and 44 patients with bulimia). Our
      results suggest that most young women diet at some time and lose more than three
      kg in weight; that they may experience episodes of binge eating and "picking"
      behaviour; and that they wish to be thinner irrespective of their current body
      weight. Twenty per cent of young women may fulfil the criteria for an eating
      disorder (bulimia or anorexia nervosa) at some stage, however briefly, and about
      7% abuse laxatives or diuretics in order to achieve a fashionably slim figure. We
      suggest that most young women may pass through a phase of what is currently
      called disordered eating, and that this is part of normal development and may not
      necessarily require treatment. The incidence of disordered eating is greater in
      those young women who are under pressure to maintain a low body weight.

PMID- 6589464
TI  - Extramedullary recurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia 15 years after initial
      diagnosis.
AB  - We describe a 19-year-old man with recurrence of a lymphoid malignancy involving
      the ethmoid sinus 15 years following diagnosis and 10 years after discontinuation
      of therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The cytologic
      appearance and immunologic phenotype of the tumor cells suggest that this
      malignancy represents a recurrence of his original tumor. Initial relapse of ALL
      is unusual after 4 years of continuous remission off therapy. This case
      illustrates that late relapse can occur and may present with unusual sites of
      involvement.

PMID- 6589465
TI  - Hypopyon in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - A child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia had central nervous system relapse 23
      months after diagnosis while in bone marrow remission. This was followed by
      leukemic involvement of the eye as the only site of relapse 7 months later.
      Leukemic cells layered out in the anterior chamber and cytologic examination was
      the only way to make a definitive diagnosis of leukemic hypopyon. Topical
      treatment is generally ineffective and radiotherapy is the treatment of choice.
      The prognosis with this complication depends on whether it occurs during therapy
      or after therapy has been discontinued.

PMID- 6589466
TI  - [Ultrastructural aspects of the oral mucosa in the early stages of lichen
      planus].

PMID- 6589467
TI  - [Histochemical and ultrastructural studies on the consolidation of an endosseous
      dental implant in Macaca fascicularis].

PMID- 6589468
TI  - [Cariogenic pathogenicity and Streptococcus mutans. 4. An epidemiological study
      of edentulous infants and children with deciduous dentition].

PMID- 6589469
TI  - [Malignant degeneration of a residual odontogenic cyst].

PMID- 6589471
TI  - [Dento-maxillo-facial anomalies in the KBG syndrome].

PMID- 6589470
TI  - [Amelogenesis imperfecta. Scanning electron and polarization microscopy
      observations].

PMID- 6589472
TI  - [Anatomo-clinical features of the musculature and vascularization of the normal
      lip and congenital cleft].

PMID- 6589473
TI  - [Anatomo-surgical features of the normal musculature and vascularization of the
      palate and congenital cleft].

PMID- 6589474
TI  - [Anesthesia in the chin area resolved by endodontic treatment].

PMID- 6589475
TI  - [Cherubism, fibrous dysplasia of the jaws. A clinical case].

PMID- 6589476
TI  - [Clinico-statistical comparison of 2 different methods of analyzing mixed
      dentition].

PMID- 6589477
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis and treatment of recurrences in endodontic surgery].

PMID- 6589478
TI  - [Indirect capping of the pulp].

PMID- 6589479
TI  - [A new probe for measuring bifurcation defects].

PMID- 6589480
TI  - [Measuring device for mandibular vertical dimension].

PMID- 6589481
TI  - [Case of oral carcinoma in a young patient].

PMID- 6589482
TI  - [Case of multiple myeloma with oral localization].

PMID- 6589483
TI  - [New mobilization apparatus for the postoperative treatment of fibrous ankylosis
      of the TMJ (temporomandibular joint)].

PMID- 6589484
TI  - [Therapy of monocondylar fractures in growing children].

PMID- 6589485
TI  - [Traumatic maxillofacial lesions in rugby, soccer and horseback riding].

PMID- 6589486
TI  - Gene transfection. A step nearer gene therapy?

PMID- 6589487
TI  - Biotechnology centres: Spanish self-consolation.

PMID- 6589488
TI  - Excessive and extopic production of CEA and Ca 19-9 tumor markers in normal
      individuals.

PMID- 6589489
TI  - Salmonella choleraesuis endocarditis.

PMID- 6589490
TI  - Disaster plan implementation: tornadoes strike eastern North Carolina.

PMID- 6589492
TI  - Women doctors.

PMID- 6589491
TI  - The impact of low birth weight on North Carolina neonatal mortality 1976-1982.

PMID- 6589493
TI  - Genetic diseases.

PMID- 6589494
TI  - Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

PMID- 6589495
TI  - Beware the xanthines bearing gifts: theophylline overdose.

PMID- 6589496
TI  - Fentanyl.

PMID- 6589497
TI  - [The treatment of osteosarcoma of the distal femur with a rotation plasty of the
      lower leg].

PMID- 6589499
TI  - [The development of a training program for the evaluation of preclinical, dental
      performance].

PMID- 6589498
TI  - [20 years of dental care. II. What surface is the most restored?].

PMID- 6589500
TI  - [From mouth to mundane: the long way toward the modern oral care attitude].

PMID- 6589501
TI  - [Radiolucencies in the region of the mandibular angle and below the mandibular
      canal. Stafne's idiopathic bone defect].

PMID- 6589503
TI  - The hypertension detection and follow-up program.

PMID- 6589502
TI  - [Going lingual].

PMID- 6589504
TI  - Interpreting randomized trials.

PMID- 6589505
TI  - Emerging importance of infections due to the Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
      complex.

PMID- 6589506
TI  - An overview of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare.

PMID- 6589507
TI  - Management of hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy.

PMID- 6589508
TI  - Drug treatment of tuberculosis.

PMID- 6589509
TI  - Traumatic midbrain hemorrhage demonstrated by computerized axial tomography.

PMID- 6589510
TI  - Paraparesis due to licorice-induced hypokalemia.

PMID- 6589511
TI  - An analysis of the HDFP trial. Evidence of adverse effects of antihypertensive
      treatment on white women with moderate and severe hypertension.

PMID- 6589512
TI  - Complications in fetal macrosomia.

PMID- 6589513
TI  - Diffuse lymphadenopathy and anasarca in a 65-year-old woman.

PMID- 6589514
TI  - Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare.

PMID- 6589515
TI  - Acute appendicitis in a patient with concurrent adenocarcinoma and carcinoid
      tumor of the appendix.

PMID- 6589516
TI  - Primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy. Serum calcium levels after
      parathyroidectomy.

PMID- 6589517
TI  - Canada faces a change in its national health plan.

PMID- 6589518
TI  - An unexplained illness in West Otago.
AB  - An apparent epidemic of undiagnosed illness in a rural general practice was
      investigated. The aims were to describe the illness, the characteristics of the
      people affected, and to look for possible causes. The patients were questioned
      about their symptoms, and both patients and controls matched for age and sex,
      were questioned about possible aetiological factors. Twenty-eight cases were
      identified; all but three were less than 45 years of age; there were equal
      numbers of females and males. The most commonly experienced symptoms were
      tiredness, mood and sleep disturbances, headache, and joint or muscle pains.
      Results of the case-control study suggested that pollution of the water supply,
      zoonotic infections, contact with agricultural chemicals, and self-dosing with
      selenium were unlikely to be causes of this illness. An unidentified virus was
      regarded as the most likely cause.

PMID- 6589520
TI  - The relevance of undergraduate medical education to the future general
      practitioner.

PMID- 6589519
TI  - In vivo evidence for prostaglandin inhibitory activity in New Zealand green
      lipped mussel extract.
AB  - Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors (eg, aspirin, indomethacin and naproxen)
      interfere with ovulation and prolong the gestation period in the rat. These
      properties could provide a novel test bed for the assessment of agents with
      prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibitory activity. Rats were fed green-lipped mussel
      extract and the effects on conception and the subsequent gestation period were
      determined. Parturition was delayed and fetal development was retarded in the
      Seatone-fed animals. The observations were consistent with the known effects of
      nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, suggesting that Seatone does contain
      pharmacologically active material inhibiting prostaglandin biosynthesis.

PMID- 6589521
TI  - The incidence of breast feeding and reasons for weaning.
AB  - All 186 mothers delivered in a one month period at St Helens Hospital, Auckland,
      were interviewed on admission to hospital regarding their attitude to breast
      feeding and were followed until the infant was weaned or six months of age to
      determine the reason for weaning. One hundred and fifty-two (82%) of mothers were
      breast feeding on discharge, 34 (18%) were artificially feeding and only three of
      these had planned to breast feed before delivery. Racial characteristics were
      important, with only 7.5% Pacific Island mothers leaving hospital bottle feeding
      compared to 20% European and 29% of the Maori mothers. Marital status also
      influenced feeding as 14% of the married mothers left hospital bottle feeding
      compared to 20% of those in a de facto relationship and 29% of the single
      mothers. Only 23% of the mothers were still breast feeding at six months of age.
      The mean age of weaning was 15 +/- 9 weeks and the major reason for weaning was
      that of an inadequate milk supply in 54%. Despite the high proportion of mothers
      breast feeding on discharge from hospital, the rapid falloff in breast feeding
      following discharge highlights the need for improved education of the mothers.

PMID- 6589522
TI  - Child abuse and neglect--reform of the law.

PMID- 6589523
TI  - Specialists in juvenile delinquency.

PMID- 6589524
TI  - Coronary artery surgery.

PMID- 6589525
TI  - Disciplinary decision and abdominal pain.

PMID- 6589526
TI  - Deaths from strokes.

PMID- 6589527
TI  - Oil of the evening primrose.

PMID- 6589528
TI  - Intercensal trends in cigarette smoking in New Zealand 2: Social and occupational
      factors.
AB  - In all major occupational groups the proportion of smokers has fallen in the
      intercensal period from 1976 to 1981. Half as many male professional workers are
      smokers (21%) compared with service workers (42%) and production workers (43%).
      Women have shown an increase or little change in the percentage of smokers in
      many occupations. The unemployed have the highest proportion of smokers (56% men,
      52% women). More than half of those receiving sickness and domestic purposes
      benefits are smokers as are 57% of men and women living in a de facto
      relationship. Higher rates of income are in general correlated with a lower
      proportion of smokers. Smoking rates are high for members of the Ratana religion
      (58% men and 65% women). For other denominations, rates in men vary from 5% for
      Jehovah's Witnesses to 39% for Roman Catholics. The proportion of smokers is
      higher with lower levels of educational attainment. Those who had attended both
      university and training college have low rates of smoking (19% men, 16% women).

PMID- 6589529
TI  - New developments concerning child abuse.

PMID- 6589530
TI  - Two safety aspects of public playground climbing equipment.
AB  - The height of and surface under public playground climbing equipment in Dunedin
      were recorded. Twenty-eight percent of the equipment exceeded the maximum height
      specification of a British standard and the majority of equipment was mounted
      over non-impact absorbing surfaces.

PMID- 6589531
TI  - Coronary care and rehabilitation: patient and spouse responses.
AB  - Responses and attitudes of 33 patients and their spouses to management during and
      after myocardial infarction were assessed by questionnaire and interview. The
      needs of both not only changed between the time of acute illness and recovery but
      also frequently differed. Desire for more information both in hospital and after
      discharge was emphasised. The perceived educational role of coronary care nurses
      differed from that of doctors. We conclude that it should be directed towards
      providing patients and families with general information and facilitating
      doctor/patient communication, rather than replacing that of the doctor in
      providing information about the patient's own condition and management. The
      rehabilitative programme appeared to help patients and families cope with what
      were frequently profound emotional stresses during early convalescence. As a
      result of this study we have looked more critically at some aspects of our
      patient management whilst the value of others has been reinforced.

PMID- 6589533
TI  - Raw milk consumption as a probable cause of two outbreaks of campylobacter
      infection.
AB  - Outbreaks of gastro-intestinal illness among groups of children using two
      different camp sites are described. Fifty of the children in one situation and
      thirty-eight at the second site were ill, with campylobacter being isolated in 50
      children. Circumstantial evidence implicates raw milk as the cause of the
      illness.

PMID- 6589532
TI  - Pertussis--New Zealand 1982/83.
AB  - Pertussis was prevalent in many parts of New Zealand in 1982 and early 1983.
      Details of 187 primary family cases and spread within 231 family contacts all
      aged 11 or under were studied. During the lifetime of these children the
      pertussis immunisation programme has been two injections of adsorbed triple
      vaccine at three and five months of age. All primary family cases were either
      laboratory confirmed or were contacts of a case within that family who had been
      laboratory confirmed. Results reveal that, whilst a significant number of
      children were protected by immunisation, a substantial number were not. Where
      infection did occur the clinical condition was likely to be less severe. However,
      almost all infants of six months of age or under in the study were not immunised
      and received no protection. Various options to vary the pertussis immunisation
      programme are discussed.

PMID- 6589535
TI  - In vitro fertilisation and ethics.

PMID- 6589534
TI  - Goat milk in infant nutrition.

PMID- 6589536
TI  - Antibiotic resistance among Staphylococcus aureus in New Zealand.

PMID- 6589537
TI  - Acupuncture: short courses for doctors.

PMID- 6589538
TI  - Clinical features of ischaemic heart disease correlated with high density
      lipoprotein cholesterol levels in men with hyperbetalipoproteinaemia.
AB  - Thirty males with familial hypercholesterolaemia were divided on the basis of
      levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol into tertiles of high, middle and
      low values. Symptoms and signs were scored on an arbitrary system by three
      methods which either included or excluded angiographic findings. Symptomatic
      severity and clinical manifestations of hyperlipidaemia were related to high
      density lipoprotein cholesterol levels irrespective of the effect of age, level
      of the blood pressure, or levels of other lipoproteins. The association was not
      improved by adding weightings drawn from coronary angiographic findings.

PMID- 6589539
TI  - Natural killer cells.

PMID- 6589540
TI  - Vision and eye problems in seven year olds: a report from the Dunedin
      Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit.
AB  - An eye examination, including tests of distance visual acuity, near visual
      acuity, cover tests, and an examination of pupils, eyes, adnexia, and eye
      movements, was carried out on 988 Dunedin children within approximately one month
      of their seventh birthday. Information concerning glasses and patching of one eye
      was obtained by questionnaire. Eye defects were noted in 9.4% of the children
      with several having more than one problem. Eye defects noted included 5.1% with
      unaided distance visual acuity of 6/12 or worse in one or both eyes, 4.4% with
      near visual acuity of the equivalent of N8 or worse in one or both eyes, 3.9% had
      manifest strabismus, 2.9% had had occlusion of one eye for amblyopia, and 1.2%
      had other important eye defects. Glasses had been prescribed for 3.6%.

PMID- 6589541
TI  - Bipolar oesophageal electrocardiography and pacing in a coronary care unit.
AB  - This paper describes our experience with bipolar oesophageal electrocardiography
      in a coronary care unit. Twenty-two patients with tachycardia were studied to
      clarify the nature of their tachycardia. The treatment of supraventricular
      tachycardia by rapid atrial pacing via the same electrode was assessed in eight
      patients. The equipment required and diagnostic and therapeutic applications of
      oesophageal electrocardiography in this setting are discussed.

PMID- 6589542
TI  - Parents' knowledge of child rearing material and resources.
AB  - A telephone survey of 65 parents about their use of child rearing material showed
      that this was neither widely known nor frequently consulted; and that family
      doctors are seen to be the most common resource for information about child
      rearing problems.

PMID- 6589543
TI  - The re-emergence of scarlet fever?

PMID- 6589544
TI  - Hepatitis B in pregnant women.

PMID- 6589545
TI  - Are you listening, doctor?

PMID- 6589546
TI  - The image of the dentist as the product of the practice.

PMID- 6589547
TI  - Communicative strategies of women in dentistry.

PMID- 6589548
TI  - "It Hertz:" audiologic concerns for the dentist.

PMID- 6589549
TI  - Words and technology: ingredients for a successful dental practice.

PMID- 6589550
TI  - Continuing dental education: new skills and strategies.

PMID- 6589551
TI  - Understanding dental electrosurgery.

PMID- 6589552
TI  - Efficient placement and usage of dental electrosurgical equipment.

PMID- 6589553
TI  - Electrosurgery in restorative dentistry.

PMID- 6589554
TI  - Pediatric dental electrosurgery.

PMID- 6589555
TI  - Electrosurgery as an aid in periodontal procedures for the general practitioner.

PMID- 6589556
TI  - Government's role in dental quality assurance.

PMID- 6589557
TI  - Esthetics enhanced with electrosurgery.

PMID- 6589558
TI  - Criteria for selection of a dental laboratory.

PMID- 6589559
TI  - [Knowledge and experience with prosthetic treatment of facial defects using a new
      synthetic material].

PMID- 6589560
TI  - Prolonged methotrexate infusions in children with acute leukemia in relapse and
      in remission and with medulloblastoma. Pharmacokinetics, toxicity and clinical
      results.
AB  - In 86 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and in 6 children with
      medulloblastoma 253 24-hour methotrexate (MTX) infusions with 150, 500, and 700
      mg/m2 were performed. MTX concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
      were measured with a specific radioimmunoassay. In 131 infusions with 500 mg/m2
      given to patients with ALL in remission, the MTX plasma concentration 24 h after
      the end of infusion did not exceed 7 X 10(-7) mol/1. Mild hematologic toxicity
      occurred in 22% of the treatment cycles. In contrast 8/45 infusions given to
      patients with ALL in relapse were associated with delayed MTX elimination
      followed by severe toxicity. The CSF: plasma ratio of MTX measured during 58
      infusions did not exceed 11% in patients with ALL in remission, but was above
      this value in 13/34 infusions in patients with leukemia of the central nervous
      system (CNS). 24-hour MTX infusions with 500 mg/m2 were as hepatotoxic as 4- to 6
      hour infusions with 3-8.5 g/m2. With MTX as single agent no remissions were
      achieved in 8 patients with ALL in relapse. The addition of asparaginase in 10
      patients resulted in 3 complete and 2 partial remissions. In patients with ALL in
      first remission clinical results confirmed the value of intensive MTX therapy for
      disease-free survival.

PMID- 6589561
TI  - Stable differences in the adhesive properties of clonal variants derived from a
      human osteosarcoma.
AB  - A human osteosarcoma derived cell line was treated with phorbol-12-myristate-13
      acetate and was subsequently cloned extensively. 27 clones were examined for
      their initial rate of aggregation, their attachment to homo- and heterotypic
      performed cell layers, and the size of their 24-hour aggregates. Quantitative
      differences for these three adhesive parameters were observed between the clones.
      Based on these findings five clones were studied in more detail. The adhesive
      differences between these clones were stable, reproducible, and dependent on the
      assay system. This human clonal system will be a valuable tool to study the
      molecular nature of the adhesive properties of these cells.

PMID- 6589563
TI  - Using pen nibs for retraction. Simple, easy and inexpensive.

PMID- 6589564
TI  - Breakfast--"the most important meal of the day".

PMID- 6589562
TI  - Variations in the susceptibility to lysis of NK target cells.
AB  - Natural killer (NK) cell activity varied considerably from one subject to another
      and in the same subject tested on different occasions. In addition to the
      interindividual variations, considerable variation was also found in the
      susceptibility to lysis of cultured target cell lines. In this report it is shown
      that the susceptibility to lysis of NK target cells depends on the growth phase
      of these cells but is independent of the cell cycle. These results may be
      important for interpreting NK cell data, may have some implications for
      transplantation experiments in animals using cultured tumor cells and are in
      agreement with the data describing the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiation or
      chemotherapy.

PMID- 6589565
TI  - Characterization of temporomandibular joint sounds. A preliminary investigation
      with arthrographic correlation.
AB  - This clinical-arthrographic investigation correlates arthrographic
      characteristics of intracapsular dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint with
      sound analysis. Sound patterns may provide a noninvasive tool for diagnosis and
      treatment.

PMID- 6589566
TI  - Surgical emphysema following root canal therapy. Report of a case.
AB  - A case of surgical subcutaneous emphysema of the face subsequent to root canal
      therapy is reported. The treatment, outcome, clinical significance, and ways of
      preventing this surgical complication are noted.

PMID- 6589567
TI  - A clinical comparison of speed group D and E dental x-ray films.
AB  - This study was conducted to determine the clinical diagnostic quality of the new
      higher-speed Ektaspeed E x-ray films when compared with the diagnostic quality of
      the lower-speed Ultraspeed D x-ray films. The study also attempted to determine
      the advantages of 70 versus 90 kVp. The results indicated that the E film at 90
      kVp was slightly better than the E film at 70 kVp and the D films at either 70 or
      90 kVp. Although the differences were statistically significant, average rating
      for all films fell within the range of acceptability.

PMID- 6589568
TI  - A radiographic survey of apical root resorption in pulpless permanent teeth.
AB  - A radiographic statistical study was performed in order to determine the presence
      and type of external resorption found in pulpless permanent teeth. Of 1,372 roots
      evaluated, 49.6% showed resorption. The degree of apical external resorption was
      significantly related to the presence and size of the periapical lesions in all
      roots. Much more resorption was found in the roots without root canal filling
      than in those that were filled.

PMID- 6589569
TI  - Periodontal ligament changes in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis.
AB  - Progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) is a generalized collagen disease which has
      oral manifestations, including widening of the periodontal ligament (PDL) space.
      The purpose of this study was to measure the extent of thickening of the PDL
      space in a group of 26 patients with PSS and in a similar group of age and sex
      matched control patients. The width of the PDL was measured from periapical
      radiographs at four sites around seven selected teeth for every patient. The mean
      PDL width was found to be larger in all the patients with PSS than in the control
      patients, around both anterior and posterior teeth. One third of the teeth of
      patients with PSS had PDL widths thicker than the range observed in the control
      patients. When average thickness of PDL widths for each patient is compared, at
      least 65% of the patients with PSS have mean PDL widths which are greater than
      the range for control patients. The increased thickness of the PDL space
      associated with PSS is more pronounced in posterior teeth than in anterior teeth.

PMID- 6589570
TI  - Fused supernumerary tooth.

PMID- 6589571
TI  - Bilateral triple-rooted mandibular second premolars.

PMID- 6589572
TI  - A 22-year study of paroxysmal trigeminal neuralgia in 211 patients with a 3-year
      appraisal of the role of cryotherapy.
AB  - The scope of this investigation included a comparative study of 211 patients with
      paroxysmal trigeminal neuralgia (PTN) seen over 22 years (from 1959 to 1981) and
      the use of an open-nerve freezing technique (cryotherapy) on peripheral branches
      of the trigeminal nerve in 42 of these patients over 3 years (from 1978 to 1981).
      The study was divided into three parts. Part I was an analysis of clinical
      findings in all patients. Part II dealt with 33 medically uncontrolled patients
      and was an assessment of cryotherapy under the most adverse conditions. Part III
      consisted of an unselected group of 16 patients whose pain could be controlled by
      chemotherapy but who were not in remission. It was an assessment of cryotherapy
      in 9 of them as a replacement or adjuvant to chemotherapy. A total of 62
      operations were performed, resulting in immediate pain relief and the gradual
      return of sensation in the treated nerve in all patients. The procedure had to be
      repeated in 6 patients early in the study to achieve this; one probable reason
      was inadequate freezing. The longest period of relief has been 2 1/2 years so
      far; the first patient treated 3 years ago, failed to return and could not be
      traced. Migration of pain to smaller branches of the trigeminal nerve occurred in
      16 patients from 3 to 9 months postoperatively. This was abolished by further
      cryotherapy in the areas of migration. It is postulated that cryotherapy acts
      both peripherally and centrally to produce pain relief; if the technique is
      correctly carried out, the results can be long lasting and may be
      permanent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6589573
TI  - Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint: description of clinical
      syndromes.
AB  - Clinical findings and diagnostic criteria for internal derangements of the
      temporomandibular joint are outlined. Pathophysiology is discussed, including the
      role of predisposing factors and the relationship with myofascial pain
      dysfunction syndrome.

PMID- 6589574
TI  - Osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle. Report of a case with 10-year follow
      up.
AB  - A case of osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle has been presented, along with
      a review of the features of this lesion. A consideration of immediate condylar
      replacement after benign tumor surgery of the condyle is discussed.

PMID- 6589575
TI  - Burning mouth: an analysis of 57 patients.
AB  - The burning mouth complaint of each of fifty-seven patients was thoroughly
      studied. Psychogenesis was found to be the most frequent cause, followed by
      geographic tongue and moniliasis. Multiple causative factors, such as
      psychogenesis and moniliasis and psychogenesis and geographic tongue, were found
      in some patients. The purely psychogenic group was composed mostly of
      postmenopausal women. The tongue and palate were the most frequently affected
      sites. There were some similarities among patients in the geographic tongue and
      psychogenesis groups. A diagnostic protocol for patients with burning mouth is
      described.

PMID- 6589576
TI  - A study of oral pain experience in sickle cell patients.
AB  - This study was designed to measure the degree of association between dental pain
      and its frequency during sickle cell crisis. Randomized study and control groups,
      each consisting of outpatient clinic patients, were selected. Each subject was
      interviewed via a questionnaire designed to record information describing
      immediate and past experiences of dental pain and its characteristics. The
      results were analyzed statistically. This investigation showed that there is an
      increase of dental pain, in the apparent absence of specific pathosis, in sickle
      cell patients during crisis. It was found that 36% of these patients had
      experienced some significant transitory pain in the oral-maxillofacial complex
      either alone or as part of the crisis syndrome.

PMID- 6589577
TI  - The efficacy of topical anesthetics in reducing intraoral discomfort.
AB  - The purpose of this investigation was to compare the effectiveness of three gels
      in reducing discomfort due to denture irritation. Forty-five subjects
      experiencing denture soreness were randomly selected. A double-blind format was
      used. Two of the gels contained 20% of the known pain reliever, while the third
      gel contained 10%. An unweighted-means and a least-squares analysis of variance
      were done for the type of gel and pretreatment pain. The results show that the
      gels were effective in reducing perceived pain for 66% of the subjects. As a
      result of the analyses, no significant differences were found between gels.

PMID- 6589578
TI  - Drug stomatitis due to gold therapy.
AB  - Eighteen patients with oral eruptions that developed during chrysotherapy for
      rheumatoid arthritis were studied retrospectively. The most frequent mucosal
      changes were nonspecific ulcerations, lichenoid eruptions, atrophy of lingual
      filiform papillae, and diffuse erythema. Histologic examination generally
      confirmed the clinical impression. All the eruptions disappeared either
      spontaneously or after completion of treatment.

PMID- 6589579
TI  - A scanning electron microscopic study of dentin dysplasia type II in primary
      dentition.
AB  - Dentin dysplasia type II is a rare autosomal dominant defect which affects dentin
      formation in both the deciduous and the permanent dentitions. The scanning
      electron microscopic study performed on a primary central incisor presents some
      findings similar to those reported in dentinogenesis imperfecta. Because of the
      lack of published reports on dentin dysplasia type II, it is difficult to
      ascertain definitive characteristics of this dentin abnormality.

PMID- 6589580
TI  - Focal acantholytic dyskeratosis of the oral mucosa.
AB  - Focal acantholytic dyskeratosis represents a clinically heterogeneous group of
      dermatologic and mucosal lesions which share common histologic features. Oral
      mucosal variants of this condition are extremely uncommon. Two intraoral cases
      are presented, of which one depicts a solitary nodular pattern (warty
      dyskeratoma) and the other represents a papular lesion exhibiting multiple
      acantholytic foci.

PMID- 6589581
TI  - Second primary tumor associated with salivary gland cancer.
AB  - That patients with salivary gland cancer are at increased risk of second primary
      tumors has been suggested in several studies. This report presents the case of a
      53-year-old woman with an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of intercalated duct
      origin occurring in the parotid gland synchronously with a follicular cell
      carcinoma of the thyroid gland. This is believed to be the first report of such
      an association.

PMID- 6589583
TI  - Apical closure. Report of two cases.
AB  - Two young patients with fractured maxillary incisors were treated. Pulpotomies
      were performed. In one calcium hydroxide was used as a dressing, and in the other
      zinc oxide-eugenol paste was used. Postoperative clinical and histologic
      evaluations revealed similar results in both cases, although the teeth treated
      with calcium hydroxide exhibited significantly more dentin bridging.

PMID- 6589582
TI  - A histologic comparison of Hydron and zinc oxide-eugenol as endodontic filling
      materials in the primary teeth of dogs.
AB  - Currently available endodontic filling materials for primary teeth demonstrate
      several inadequacies. Therefore, this study histologically evaluates Hydron (2
      hydroxyethylmethacrylate) and zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE) as primary tooth
      endodontic filling materials in dogs to compare the materials' biocompatibility
      and to determine whether they undergo resorption in a physiologic manner. Primary
      molars of six mongrel dogs, 2 to 3 months old, received one-step endodontic
      therapy. By random selection, two thirds of the molars were filled with either
      Hydron or ZOE and the remainder were used as unoperated controls. Block sections
      taken during physiologic root resorption were used to obtain serial hematoxylin
      and eosin sections of periapical regions. Hydron was phagocytosed by mononuclear
      macrophages in a physiologic manner and at a rate comparable to that of root
      tissues. In contrast, ZOE demonstrated delayed resorption and transitory
      inflammation. Neither material showed cytotoxicity. Hydron may therefore be a
      suitable endodontic material for human primary teeth.

PMID- 6589584
TI  - [Hypokalemia in myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6589585
TI  - [Pefloxacine: diffusion into bronchial mucus].
AB  - Pefloxacin is a new quinolone with significant in vitro antibacterial activity
      and a broad spectrum. It was included in an extensive study of antibiotic
      diffusion into bronchial mucus. Pefloxacin was given to 35 patients divided into
      five groups according to the timing of sputum sampling. Plasma specimens were
      taken simultaneously. Pefloxacin was measured by microbiological assay. Mean
      pefloxacin concentrations in bronchial mucus was high, exceeding 5 mg/l.
      Concentrations on the first and third days were similar. The ratio of mucus
      concentrations to plasma concentrations was high in each case, around or often
      above 1. These findings show that diffusion of pefloxacin into bronchial mucus is
      outstanding.

PMID- 6589586
TI  - Urinary potassium excretion in the critically ill neonate.
AB  - The possibility that negative potassium balance may occur in critically ill
      preterm neonates is suggested by factors such as the usual provision of minimal
      potassium intake, increased plasma aldosterone concentrations, increased
      prostaglandin synthesis, and the frequent use of diuretic agents. In order to
      assess the relationship between potassium balance and renal prostaglandins, nine
      infants with respiratory distress syndrome (mean birth weight 1,264 g, mean
      gestational age 30.6 weeks) were studied sequentially with timed-urine
      collections during the first four postnatal days and values were compared with
      those of 18 preterm infants without respiratory distress syndrome. Mean plasma
      potassium concentrations decreased significantly from 4.87 +/- 0.19 mEq/L (mean
      +/- SEM) on day 1 to 3.83 +/- 0.18 mEq/L on day 4, (P less than 0.05), and
      cumulative potassium balance was -4.07 +/- 0.95 mEq/kg or 10% of estimated total
      body potassium. Urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 on day 1 in infants with
      respiratory distress syndrome was significantly greater than in those without
      respiratory distress syndrome (22.0 +/- 4.9 v 8.3 +/- 1.6 ng/mg of creatinine) (r
      = .66, P less than .001). These studies suggest that consideration be given to
      the importance of providing sufficient potassium to prevent hypokalemia in the
      stressed preterm infant and that pharmacologic agents that alter prostaglandins
      or potassium excretion should be used with caution.

PMID- 6589587
TI  - High level transient expression of a chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene by
      DEAE-dextran mediated DNA transfection coupled with a dimethyl sulfoxide or
      glycerol shock treatment.
AB  - Using a plasmid containing the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene,
      we have assayed for transient expression of DNA introduced into mouse L cells by
      a variety of transfection conditions. High efficiency uptake and expression of
      this foreign DNA have been achieved by modifying the DEAE dextran mediated
      transfection procedure of McCutchan and Pagano (1) to include a shock with either
      dimethyl sulfoxide or glycerol. Inclusion of the shock step can increase
      expression of the transfected gene a surprising approximately 50 fold. With
      plasmid constructs that do not replicate after transfection, we can readily
      detect CAT activity in an overnight autoradiographic exposure from less than 0.1%
      of an extract from a 60 mm dish of transfected cells. We have determined the
      amounts of DNA, the amount and time course of DEAE-dextran and dimethyl sulfoxide
      treatments, the effects of additional DNA, and the time after transfection which
      yield maximal expression. Overall, this transfection protocol using DEAE-dextran
      coupled to a shock treatment is simple, straightforward, and gives consistently
      high levels of expression of the input DNA.

PMID- 6589588
TI  - [Duration of remission after termination of treatment of lymphoblastic leukemia
      in children].

PMID- 6589589
TI  - The rare occurrence of a radiation-induced osteosarcoma in the clavicule after
      treatment of thyroid cancer.
AB  - The authors report on a postirradiation osteosarcoma of the clavicule in a
      patient treated for thyroid cancer. The total absorbed dose to the right
      clavicule was estimated 149 Gy (60 Co and 18 MeV elektron beam). The findings are
      demonstrated on plain radiographs, CT-scan and bone scintigraphy. The literature
      on this subject is reviewed and the possible pathogenesis discussed.

PMID- 6589590
TI  - Use of riboflavin-binding protein to investigate steric and electronic
      relationships in flavin analogs and models.
AB  - We have examined the affinity of two recently synthesized flavin analogs for the
      isoalloxazine binding site of riboflavin-binding protein (RBP). The results
      showed that pyrimidopteridines could bind to RBP (Kd 160-250 microM). This
      suggested that, at the FMN or FAD level, these analogs might also bind to other
      apoflavoproteins, thereby providing a high potential probe for flavin enzymology.
      In contrast, 4a,5-ring-opened isoalloxazines did not bind to RBP. However, 1,10a
      ring-opened flavins bind with considerable avidity (Kd about 40 nM). Evidence is
      presented which indicates that the 4a,5-ring-opened species adopted a nonplanar
      configuration which, in turn, was responsible for the lack of affinity to RBP.
      Steric and electronic consequences of a 4a,5 ring opening are discussed in
      relation to flavin-dependent phenolic hydroxylases.

PMID- 6589591
TI  - New protein kinase from plasma membrane of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells activated
      by natural polypeptides.
AB  - A polypeptide-dependent protein kinase was purified about 80-fold from an extract
      of plasma membranes of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. The membranes were extracted
      with Nonidet P-40, and the extract was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation
      and hydroxylapatite and affinity chromatography. The activity was stimulated 10
      fold or more by polypeptide preparations from a variety of tissues, including
      placenta and hypothalamus. Polypeptide-dependent protein kinase had a pH optimum
      of about 7.5 and required Mg2+ for activity. Mn2+ at low concentrations (200
      microM) stimulated enzyme activity somewhat but inhibited activity strongly at
      higher concentrations. The best available substrate for polypeptide-dependent
      protein kinase was beta-casein, and little or no phosphorylation was observed
      with alpha-casein, kappa-casein, phosvitin, alpha-lactalbumin, alpha
      lactoglobulin, and histone. However, several endogenous substrates from plasma
      membranes of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells were phosphorylated. Polypeptide
      dependent protein kinase activity was not inhibited by 10 mM N-ethylmaleimide,
      and this resistance was useful in differentiating this protein kinase from other
      protein kinases that were present in crude fractions and sensitive to the
      inhibitor.

PMID- 6589592
TI  - On the amino acid sequence of cytochrome P-450 isozyme 4 from rabbit liver
      microsomes.
AB  - Isozyme 4 of rabbit liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 was shown earlier in this
      laboratory to contain multiple NH2-terminal residues, whereas isozymes 2, 3a, 3b,
      and 3c have single, unique NH2-terminal sequences. Similar results were obtained
      with isozyme 4 obtained from animals that were untreated, treated with
      phenobarbital (which does not induce this isozyme), or induced with beta
      naphthoflavone or isosafrole. With the use of selective chemical blocking at
      seryl or at nonprolyl residues, the complexity of the NH2-terminal sequence has
      now been shown to be due to the presence of three forms of the cytochrome
      differing only in the absence of the first or the first two residues: NH2-Ala-Met
      Ser-Pro-Ala-Ala-Pro-, NH2-Met-Ser-Pro-Ala-Ala-Pro-, and NH2-Ser-Pro-Ala-Ala-Pro-.
      These forms may result from variable biological processing. Peptides containing
      the seven cysteine residues were sequenced and compared with similar peptides
      reported for other P-450 cytochromes; homology was extensive with respect to two
      of the cysteine regions in isozyme 4, and a third cysteine region showed partial
      identity. The sequence of peptides representing about two-thirds of the amino
      acids in isosafrole-induced cytochrome P-450 isozyme 4 was determined. Comparison
      with phenobarbital-induced rabbit cytochrome P-450 isozyme 2 indicated about 25%
      homology. In contrast, comparison of isozyme 4 with rat cytochrome P-450d, which
      is also induced by isosafrole and for which the sequence has recently been
      deduced from cDNA [Kawajiri, K., Gotoh, O., Sogawa, K., Tagashira, Y., Muramatsu,
      M. & Fujii-Kuriyama, Y. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 1649-1653], showed
      about 70% homology.

PMID- 6589593
TI  - Requirement for alanine in the amino acid control of deprivation-induced protein
      degradation in liver.
AB  - Protein degradation in liver is actively controlled by a small group of
      inhibitory amino acids--leucine, tyrosine (or phenylalanine), glutamine, proline,
      histidine, tryptophan, and methionine. Other evidence, however, suggests that one
      or more of the remaining 12 noninhibitory amino acids is also required for
      suppression of proteolysis at normal concentrations. This question was
      investigated in livers of fed rats perfused in the single-pass mode. The deletion
      of alanine at normal (1x), but not at 4x or 10x normal, plasma amino acid
      concentrations evoked a near-maximal acceleration of protein degradation. No
      other noninhibitory amino acid was effective. Because alanine alone was not
      directly inhibitory and its omission was not associated with a decrease in
      inhibitory amino acid pools, alanine was presumed to act as a coregulator in the
      expression of inhibitory activity. When tested alone, the inhibitory group was as
      effective as the complete mixture at 0.5x and 4x levels, but it lost its
      suppressive ability within a narrow zone of concentration centered slightly above
      1x. The addition of 1x (0.48 mM) alanine completely restored the inhibition.
      Pyruvate and lactate could be effectively substituted, but only at concentrations
      10-20 times greater than that of alanine. These, together with earlier findings,
      indicate the existence of a regulatory complex that recognizes specific amino
      acids and transmits positive and negative signals to proteolytic sites. The
      results also suggest that alanine can provide an important regulatory link
      between energy demands and protein degradation.

PMID- 6589594
TI  - Structures of cysteine-containing peptides in isosafrole-inducible rat hepatic
      microsomal cytochrome P-450d: sequence homology with 3-methylcholanthrene-induced
      cytochrome P-450c.
AB  - Six cysteine-containing tryptic peptides were isolated from rat liver cytochrome
      P-450d, the major isosafrole-induced isozyme, by reversed-phase high performance
      liquid chromatography. The six peptides contained a total of seven cysteine
      residues. Five of the peptides have significant sequence homology (20/22, 10/16,
      8/13, 13/18, and 5/9 identical residues) to cysteine-containing peptides in
      cytochrome P-450c, the major isozyme induced by 3-methylcholanthrene. One of the
      peptides (partial sequence, Cys-Ile-Gly-Glu-Ile-Pro-Ala-Lys-Trp-Glu-Val-Phe-Leu-)
      can be included in the highly conserved COOH-terminal domain found in all
      cytochromes P-450 that have been sequenced. Although this domain has been
      postulated as the heme-binding domain by some investigators, it is not homologous
      to the heme-binding region in cytochrome P-450cam. A second peptide (partial
      sequence, Asp-Pro-Thr-Ser-Val-Ser-Ser-Cys-Tyr-Leu-Glu-Glu-His-Val-Ser-Lys) is,
      however, a possible candidate for the heme attachment site to cysteine because of
      its weak homology to the heme-binding site in cytochrome P-450cam. These results
      indicate that either the location of the heme-binding site is different in
      various forms of cytochromes P-450 or the amino acid sequence surrounding the
      heme-binding cysteine is not highly conserved among these proteins.

PMID- 6589595
TI  - Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases from the neuronal nuclear matrix and
      post-synaptic density are structurally related.
AB  - A major Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase has been isolated in association
      with the neuronal nuclear matrix. Nuclear matrix preparations contain highly
      phosphorylated polypeptides with Mr values of 50,000 and 60,000. These
      polypeptides were further characterized by peptide and phospho peptide mapping,
      two-dimensional isoelectrofocusing/NaDodSO4/PAGE, and 125I-labeled calmodulin
      binding. The results indicate that the Mr 50,000 and 60,000 polypeptides of the
      nuclear matrix closely resemble the alpha and beta subunits, respectively, of the
      Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase of the post-synaptic density. These
      findings indicate that similar protein kinases mediate the neuronal effects of
      Ca2+ at the cytosolic, synaptosomal, and nuclear levels.

PMID- 6589596
TI  - Occupancy of the iron binding sites of human transferrin.
AB  - The in vivo distribution of iron between the binding sites of transferrin was
      examined. Plasma was obtained from normal subjects under basal conditions and
      after in vitro and in vivo iron loading. Independent methods, including
      measurement of the transferrin profile after isoelectric focusing and cross
      immunoelectrophoresis, and determination of the iron content in the separated
      fractions were in agreement that there was a random distribution of iron on
      binding sites. This held true with in vitro loading, when iron was increased by
      intestinal absorption and with loading from the reticuloendothelial system. The
      data indicate that the distribution of apo-, monoferric, and diferric
      transferrins is predictable on the basis of the plasma transferrin saturation and
      negate the concept that iron loading of transferrin in vitro is a selective
      process with possible functional consequences in tissue iron delivery.

PMID- 6589597
TI  - Purification and properties of branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase
      phosphatase from bovine kidney.
AB  - Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) phosphatase was purified
      about 8000-fold from extracts of bovine kidney mitochondria. The highly purified
      phosphatase exhibited a molecular weight of approximately 460,000, as estimated
      by gel-permeation chromatography. Another form of the phosphatase, with an
      apparent molecular weight of approximately 230,000, was also detected under
      conditions of high dilution. In contrast to pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase,
      BCKDH phosphatase was active in the absence of divalent cations. BCKDH
      phosphatase was inactive toward 32P-labeled phosphorylase a, but exhibited
      approximately 10% maximal activity with 32P-labeled pyruvate dehydrogenase
      complex. BCKDH phosphatase activity was inhibited by GTP, GDP, ATP, ADP, UTP,
      UDP, CTP, and CDP. Half-maximal inhibition occurred at about 60, 200, 200, 400,
      100, 250, 250, and 400 microM, respectively. These inhibitions were reversed
      completely by 2 mM Mg2+. GTP was replaceable by guanosine 5'-(beta, gamma
      imido)triphosphate. GMP, AMP, UMP, CMP, NAD, and NADH showed little effect, if
      any, on BCKDH phosphatase activity at concentrations up to 1 mM. Heparin showed
      half-maximal inhibition at 2 micrograms/ml. This inhibition was only partially
      (30%) reversed by 2 mM Mg2+. CoA and various acyl-CoA compounds exhibited half
      maximal inhibition at 150-300 microM. These inhibitions were not reversed by 2 mM
      Mg2+. BCKDH phosphatase activity was stimulated 1.5- to 3-fold by protamine,
      poly(L-lysine), and poly(L-arginine) at 3.6 micrograms/ml.

PMID- 6589598
TI  - Fibrinopeptide A binds Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro.
AB  - The tetrapeptide Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro inhibits fibrinogen aggregation, probably by
      binding to the same sites used during initiation of fibrin formation. The Gly-Pro
      Arg-Pro binding sites have not yet been identified. However, their possible
      sequence and locations have been predicted on the basis of the amino acid pairing
      hypothesis. One of these predicted sites is on fibrinopeptide A. We report here
      that nuclear magnetic resonance studies indicate that Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro binds to
      fibrinopeptide A with a binding constant, K, of ca. 10(4) per mol. We also report
      results of 19 related peptide combinations used as controls.

PMID- 6589599
TI  - Catalase: a tetrameric enzyme with four tightly bound molecules of NADPH.
AB  - Catalases (H2O2:H2O2 oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.6) from many species are known to
      be tetramers of 60,000-dalton subunits, with four heme groups per tetramer.
      Previous authors have determined the amino acid sequence and three-dimensional
      structure of bovine liver catalase. Studies of the regulation of the pentose
      phosphate pathway led the present authors to a search for proteins that bind
      NADP+ and NADPH in human erythrocytes. An unexpected result of that search was
      the finding that a major reservoir of bound NADPH in human erythrocytes is
      catalase. Each tetrameric molecule of human or bovine catalase contains four
      molecules of tightly bound NADPH. The binding sites have the relative affinities
      NADPH greater than NADH greater than NADP+ greater than NAD+. NADPH does not seem
      to be essential for the enzymic conversion of H2O2 to O2 and water but does
      provide protection of catalase against inactivation by H2O2.

PMID- 6589600
TI  - Crystallization of myosin subfragment 1.
AB  - Crystals of myosin subfragment 1 from avian skeletal muscle have been grown
      reproducibly. They diffract x-rays to at least 4.5-A resolution. The subfragment
      1 crystallizes in space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) where a = 107 A, b = 117 A, and c =
      278 A. The cell dimensions and intensity distribution on x-ray diffraction
      photographs are consistent with two molecules in the crystallographic asymmetric
      unit. Electrophoretic analysis shows that the myosin subfragment 1 present in the
      crystals contains a 95-kilodalton heavy chain fragment and both the essential and
      regulatory light chains.

PMID- 6589601
TI  - Structure of the cholesteryl ester core of human plasma low density lipoproteins:
      selective deuteration and neutron small-angle scattering.
AB  - The structural arrangement of cholesteryl esters in human plasma low density
      lipoproteins (LDL) has been studied by selective deuteration and neutron small
      angle scattering. LDL were labeled by in vitro exchange with two different kinds
      of deuterated cholesteryl esters, one labeled in the fatty acyl chain
      (cholesteryl myristate-d27) and the other in the branched side chain of
      cholesterol (cholesteryl-25,26,27-d7 oleate). Neutron scattering data from
      deuterated and protonated LDL were compared to identify the locations of the
      fatty acyl and cholesterol side chain moieties. Below the thermotropic
      transition, radii of gyration of 60 A and 70 A were obtained for these two
      domains, respectively, indicating that the cholesteryl nuclei are situated more
      distantly from the center than the fatty acyl chains. At 37 degrees C, above the
      thermotropic transition of the cholesteryl esters in LDL, both parts have similar
      radii of gyration of approximately 56 A. This information is used in a discussion
      of possible structural models for the apolar lipid core of LDL.

PMID- 6589602
TI  - Picosecond fluorescence decay of tryptophans in myoglobin.
AB  - The fluorescence decay characteristics of Mb, MbCO, metMb (sperm whale), metMb
      (yellowfin tuna), and their apo derivatives were determined by using a picosecond
      streak camera and time-correlated single photon counting. The emission is
      dominated by tryptophans that transfer their energy to the heme on a
      subnanosecond time scale. Sperm whale Mb and derivatives have two tryptophans and
      their decays can be interpreted mainly as two exponentials, one of ca. 20 ps and
      the other of 130 ps, whereas tuna Mb has one tryptophan and its emission is
      nonexponential but dominated by one component of 31 ps. These results along with
      Forster energy transfer calculations allow us to assign the ca. 30-ps emission to
      Trp-14 and the 130-ps emission to Trp-7 in Mb. The streak camera was modified to
      determine the decay of the fluorescence anisotropy. In metMb (tuna) the
      fluorescence anisotropy decays in 100 ps, which is postulated to result from
      rapid motion of the Trp-14. Because energy transfer was used to gate the
      anisotropy, the fast motion of Trp-14 is proposed to correspond to only 10% of
      the equilibrium distribution of molecules.

PMID- 6589604
TI  - Genetic basis of male sterility in hybrids between two closely related species of
      Drosophila.
AB  - Drosophila simulans and Drosophila mauritiana are closely related sibling
      species, the former cosmopolitan and the latter restricted to the small oceanic
      island of Mauritius. Genetic analysis of male sterility in hybrids between these
      species shows that at least five loci (one on each chromosome arm) are
      responsible for this reproductive isolation. This is the most loci that could
      have been detected with the techniques used and implies that the true genetic
      divergence for sterility is even greater. The effects of chromosome segments on
      the character are roughly additive, with the X-linked segment making the largest
      contribution to sterility. The large effect of X chromosomes on male-limited
      reproductive isolation and the frequent limitation of hybrid sterility to males
      may be attributable to fertility interactions between X and Y chromosomes. These
      results parallel what has been found in other Drosophila species and relate to
      recent theories of how reproductive isolation evolves in small founder
      populations.

PMID- 6589603
TI  - Protein 4.1: its association with the human erythrocyte membrane.
AB  - 125I-labeled protein 4.1a and 4.1b have equal ability to reassociate with inside
      out erythrocyte vesicles that were depleted of protein 4.1 in addition to other
      peripheral membrane proteins. The reassociation of 125I-labeled protein 4.1 to
      protein 4.1-depleted vesicles at 4 degrees C is salt dependent, pH dependent, and
      saturable with a Kd of 42-50 nM and an extrapolated maximal binding capacity of
      120-140 micrograms of protein 4.1 bound per mg of vesicle protein or 60-70
      micrograms of protein 4.1 bound per mg of ghost protein, correlating with the
      protein 4.1 content in the erythrocyte membrane (6-7% of the total membrane
      protein). Selective proteolytic cleavage of these vesicles with papain (5
      micrograms/ml at 4 degrees C) eliminates greater than 60% of the high-affinity
      binding sites; therefore, we conclude that the interaction of protein 4.1 with
      the cytoplasmic membrane surface is through a specific high-affinity protein
      protein association.

PMID- 6589605
TI  - DNA sequence transfer between two high-cysteine chorion gene families in the
      silkmoth Bombyx mori.
AB  - We have previously shown that one type of high-cysteine silkmoth chorion protein
      (Hc-A) has evolved from the A family of chorion proteins by radical modifications
      of the NH2-terminal and COOH-terminal polypeptide arms: most of the arm sequences
      have been deleted, while short cysteine- and glycine-containing repeats have
      expanded into long arrays. Strikingly similar modifications of the arms have led
      to the evolution of a second type of high-cysteine protein (Hc-B) from the B
      family of chorion proteins. It appears that the parallel evolution of these high
      cysteine-encoding gene families has not been entirely independent: examination of
      3' untranslated regions shows evidence of information transfer between the two
      families.

PMID- 6589606
TI  - A selection for myosin heavy chain mutants in the nematode Caenorhabditis
      elegans.
AB  - The unc-54 gene of Caenorhabditis elegans encodes an abundant myosin heavy chain
      protein expressed in body-wall muscle cells. We have designed genetic techniques
      that select directly for unc-54 mutants. This selection is based upon properties
      of the unc-54 dominant allele e1152. Mutations that eliminate dominance of e1152
      are null alleles of unc-54. Deletions have been identified by their genetic
      properties. We have defined mutationally a number of essential genes near unc-54,
      and we have described the genetic fine structure of this region of linkage group
      I. As much as 27% of the unc-54 mutations induced by the bifunctional alkylating
      agent 1,2,7,8-diepoxyoctane are multisite deletions. Extrachromosomal free
      duplications that include unc-54 are also described.

PMID- 6589607
TI  - Interallelic complementation in an inborn error of metabolism: genetic
      heterogeneity in argininosuccinate lyase deficiency.
AB  - We used complementation analysis as a probe for the detection of genetic
      heterogeneity within a single locus affected in a human disease,
      argininosuccinate lyase (L-argininosuccinate arginine-lyase, EC 4.3.2.1)
      deficiency. Fibroblasts cultured from 28 unrelated patients were fused in all
      possible pairwise combinations, and the argininosuccinate lyase activity in
      heterokaryons was assayed by measuring the incorporation of 14C from L-[ureido
      14C]citrulline into acid-precipitable material. Partial complementation was
      observed in fusions involving 20 of the 28 strains, with the lyase activity
      increasing from 2- to 10-fold. Thirteen of the mutants were identified by the
      complementation analysis as being phenotypically unique. Of the 20 complementing
      strains, 3 were remarkable because they participated in all but 2 of the 32
      positive complementation tests; 2 others constituted a unique subgroup that
      produced the highest increases in argininosuccinate lyase activity of all
      fusions. The 8 strains that did not complement any others consisted of two types:
      3 mutants with the highest residual argininosuccinate lyase activity of all
      strains and 5 mutants with low residual activity. All of the mutants mapped to a
      single major complementation group. The data could be summarized as a circular
      complementation map with an attached linear tail, the mutants being distributed
      among 12 subgroups in a complex pattern. We conclude that all of these mutants
      are affected at a single locus, that extensive genetic heterogeneity is present
      in the mutant population, and that the affected locus in argininosuccinate lyase
      deficiency is likely to be the structural gene coding for that enzyme.

PMID- 6589608
TI  - A human c-erbA oncogene homologue is closely proximal to the chromosome 17
      breakpoint in acute promyelocytic leukemia.
AB  - A human cDNA library was screened for sequences homologous to the erbA gene of
      avian erythroblastosis virus (AEV). One such clone, cHerbA-1, was used to map the
      chromosomal location of highly homologous human sequences that were found to be
      present on chromosome 17 as judged by Southern blot screening of a panel of mouse
      human hybrid cell lines segregating human chromosomes. cHerbA-1 was hybridized in
      situ to metaphase chromosomes from a normal male subject and from a female
      patient with an acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) having the typical t(15;17)
      translocation. The results localized the cellular c-erbA sequences on chromosome
      17 to the q21-q24 region of normal chromosomes and indicated that the c-erbA
      sequences remained on the 17q- chromosome in the APL cells, suggesting that they
      could be assigned to the 17(q21-q22) region. For additional data, we hybridized
      human neoplastic cells derived from a poorly differentiated acute leukemia
      carrying a t(17;21) translocation with thymidine kinase (TK)-deficient LMTK-
      mouse cells. A resulting hybrid, containing only the 21q+ chromosome, did not
      have human c-erbA sequences. Since the breakpoint on 17q in this translocation
      was similar to that in the APL t(15;17) translocation, this supported the
      assignment of c-erbA to the q21-q22 region of chromosome 17. The apparent close
      proximity of the c-erbA sequences to the chromosomal breakpoints in these two
      leukemias suggests a possible role for this oncogene homologue in the development
      of these neoplasms.

PMID- 6589609
TI  - Aberrant expression of an amplified c-myb oncogene in two cell lines from a colon
      carcinoma.
AB  - Two cell lines (COLO 201 and COLO 205) derived independently from a single
      adenocarcinoma of the human colon each harbored an approximately 10-fold
      amplification of the cellular oncogene c-myb and a proportional abundance of the
      4-kilobase mRNA derived from c-myb. By contrast, expression of c-myb could not be
      detected in cells from a variety of other solid tumors, including other colon
      carcinomas. Analysis of the amplified DNA with restriction endonucleases failed
      to reveal any topographical abnormalities within c-myb. Neither COLO 201 nor COLO
      205 carry the double minute chromosomes and homogeneously staining regions of
      chromosomes that frequently serve as karyotypic signatures of amplified DNA.
      Instead, amplified c-myb is carried on what appear to be disomic or trisomic
      copies of the same anomalous marker chromosome that is characteristic of both
      COLO 201 and COLO 205. The karyological origin of this abnormal chromosome is not
      presently apparent. Our findings show c-myb expression by cells outside of the
      hemopoietic lineage, raise the possibility that amplification and/or ectopic
      expression of c-myb may have contributed to the genesis of the tumor from which
      the cells of COLO 201 and COLO 205 arose, and suggest that amplification of
      cellular oncogenes may be a more common factor in tumorigenesis than might have
      been suspected from available karyological data.

PMID- 6589610
TI  - Direct arterial vascularization of estrogen-induced prolactin-secreting anterior
      pituitary tumors.
AB  - The rat anterior pituitary gland (AP) receives all of its blood supply via the
      hypophyseal portal circulation. We now report, in rats with estradiol (E2)
      induced prolactin-secreting tumors, that newly formed arteries directly supply
      the AP and that this arteriogenesis is closely correlated with the sensitivity of
      two strains of rats to the tumorigenic action of E2. Fischer 344 rats, a strain
      extremely sensitive to E2, and Sprague-Dawley rats, a less sensitive strain, were
      ovariectomized and implanted with E2-filled or empty Silastic capsules. Ten to 63
      days later, microspheres (15 microns) were injected into the heart. Normally
      microspheres do not reach the AP because they are trapped in the primary portal
      capillary plexus. Some animals were also perfused with vascular cast material. In
      Fischer rats, after 63 days of E2, the pituitary weight, serum prolactin, and
      number of microspheres in the AP were 5-, 42-, and 18-fold greater than control
      values, respectively. The same parameters in E2-treated Sprague-Dawley rats were
      2-, 27-, and 7-fold greater than control values. Vascular casts from E2-treated
      Fischer rats revealed numerous arteries entering the AP. No arteries to the AP
      were observed in Sprague-Dawley controls. These results show that E2-induced
      tumorigenesis of the AP is associated with the development of a direct arterial
      blood supply. We hypothesize that the regions supplied by these new arteries
      would receive systemic blood containing subphysiological concentrations of
      dopamine. The loss of dopaminergic inhibition in concert with E2 stimulation may
      lead to tumor formation.

PMID- 6589612
TI  - Function of the thalamic reticular complex: the searchlight hypothesis.
AB  - It is suggested that in the brain the internal attentional searchlight, proposed
      by Treisman and others, is controlled by the reticular complex of the thalamus
      (including the closely related perigeniculate nucleus) and that the expression of
      the searchlight is the production of rapid bursts of firing in a subset of
      thalamic neurons. It is also suggested that the conjunctions produced by the
      attentional searchlight are mediated by rapidly modifiable synapses--here called
      Malsburg synapses--and especially by rapid bursts acting on them. The activation
      of Malsburg synapses is envisaged as producing transient cell assemblies,
      including "vertical" ones that temporarily unite neurons at different levels in
      the neural hierarchy.

PMID- 6589611
TI  - Cloning, characterization, and DNA sequence of a human cDNA encoding neuropeptide
      tyrosine.
AB  - In vitro translation of the RNA isolated from a human pheochromocytoma
      demonstrated that this tumor contained a mRNA encoding a 10.5-kDa protein, which
      was immunoprecipitated with antiserum raised against porcine neuropeptide Y.
      Double-stranded cDNA was synthesized from total RNA and inserted into the Pst I
      site of pUC8. Transformants containing the neuropeptide Y cDNA were identified
      using the mixed hybridization probe d[A-(A,G)-(A,G)-T-T-(A,G,T)-A-T-(A,G)-T-A
      (A,G)-T-G]. The probe sequences were based on the known amino acid sequence, His
      Tyr-Ile-Asn-Leu, found in porcine neuropeptide Y. The nucleotide sequence of the
      cDNA was determined and contained 86 and 174 bases in the 5'- and 3'-untranslated
      regions, respectively. The coding sequence consisted of 291 bases, suggesting a
      precursor to neuropeptide Y that was 97 amino acids long (10,839 Da). The deduced
      amino acid sequence of the precursor suggested that there were at least two sites
      of proteolytic processing, which would generate three peptides having 28 (signal
      peptide), 36 (human neuropeptide Y), and 30 (COOH-terminal peptide) amino acid
      residues. A partial NH2-terminal sequence obtained by Edman degradation of the
      immunoprecipitated in vitro translation product identified the positions of
      methionine and leucine in the first 30 residues of the prepropeptide. A highly
      sensitive single-stranded complementary mRNA hybridization probe specific for
      neuropeptide Y mRNA was prepared using the bacteriophage SP6 promoter. This probe
      was used to identify a mRNA corresponding to neuropeptide Y of approximately 800
      bases.

PMID- 6589613
TI  - Maintenance of high disequilibrium in the presence of partial selfing.
AB  - The minimum strength of selection necessary to maintain high linkage
      disequilibrium in two-locus, two-allele, deterministic discrete time genetic
      models with high rates of partial selfing is determined. The relationship between
      linkage and partial selfing is shown to be complex. The major effect of high
      selfing rates is to decrease the strength of selection necessary to maintain
      disequilibrium, but only for large recombination rates. With partial selfing,
      stable equilibria of these models require strong selection to maintain high
      values of disequilibrium.

PMID- 6589614
TI  - Local structure involving histidine-12 in reduced S-sulfonated ribonuclease A
      detected by proton NMR spectroscopy under folding conditions.
AB  - The C epsilon H proton resonance of His-12 of reduced cysteine S-sulfonated
      bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A exhibits a nonlinear temperature dependence of
      the chemical shift in its 1H-NMR spectrum at an apparent pH of 3.0. At
      temperatures below ca. 35 degrees C, the temperature dependence of the chemical
      shift of the His-12 C epsilon H resonance is opposite in sign to those of His-48,
      His-105, and His-119. At temperatures above ca. 35 degrees C, the temperature
      dependence of the chemical shift of the His-12 C epsilon H resonance is similar
      to those of the other three His C epsilon H resonances. These data indicate the
      existence of an equilibrium between locally ordered and locally disordered
      environments of His-12 in the sulfonated protein at temperatures below ca. 35
      degrees C. The ordered and disordered conformations interconvert at a rate that
      is fast relative to the 1H-NMR chemical shift time scale--i.e., the locally
      ordered structure has a lifetime of much less than 7 msec. These results
      demonstrate that short- and medium-range interactions can define short-lived
      local structures under conditions of temperature and solution composition at
      which the native protein structure is stable. Furthermore, they demonstrate the
      utility of reduced derivatives of disulfide-containing proteins as model systems
      for the identification of local structures that may play a role as early-forming
      chain-folding initiation structures.

PMID- 6589615
TI  - Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNA for mRNA of mitochondrial
      cytochrome P-450(SCC) of bovine adrenal cortex.
AB  - We have isolated cDNA clones of the mRNA for cytochrome P-450(SCC), which
      catalyzes the side-chain cleavage reaction of cholesterol in bovine adrenal
      cortex mitochondria, by using synthetic oligonucleotides as probes. Sequence
      analysis of the cloned cDNAs enabled us to deduce the primary structure of the
      precursor form of P-450(SCC), which consisted of 520 amino acids and contained an
      extrapeptide of 39 amino acids at the NH2 terminus. The amino acid sequence from
      the 40th to 55th amino acid residue in the predicted structure completely
      coincided with the sequence of the NH2-terminal portion of purified P-450(SCC).
      The amino acid composition calculated from the predicted structure showed an
      excellent agreement with that determined with the purified protein. The
      extrapeptide of the precursor molecule resembles those of a few nuclear-encoded
      yeast mitochondrial proteins reported so far. Although P-450(SCC) is a component
      of mitochondria, comparison of its primary structure with those of other forms of
      cytochrome P-450 shows that P-450(SCC) is structurally more related to microsomal
      cytochrome P-450s than to a bacterial cytochrome P-450, P-450cam. A homologous
      sequence observed with various forms of cytochrome P-450 is also highly conserved
      in the P-450(SCC) molecule. Only two cysteinyl residues are present in the mature
      form of P-450(SCC), one of which is located in the middle of the conserved
      sequence, confirming the function of this cysteinyl residue as the fifth ligand
      of the heme.

PMID- 6589616
TI  - Synthesis of the templates for influenza virion RNA replication in vitro.
AB  - To elucidate the mechanism(s) of influenza viral RNA replication, we have
      developed an in vitro system in which the templates for viral RNA replication as
      well as the viral messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are synthesized. Because the synthesis
      of both the viral mRNAs and the template RNAs occurs in the nucleus of infected
      cells, we determined whether infected cell nuclei are active in the synthesis of
      these two types of transcripts in vitro. Nuclei isolated as early as 1-2 hr after
      infection catalyze the in vitro synthesis of both the viral mRNAs and template
      RNAs. The time course of appearance of these activities indicates that they most
      likely represent the transcriptional complexes functioning in vivo. Template RNA
      synthesis catalyzed by the nuclei in vitro is independent of concomitant protein
      synthesis; rather, it utilizes preformed proteins present in the nuclear
      preparations. This protein pool can be depleted by treating the infected cells
      with a protein synthesis inhibitor prior to the isolation of the nuclei, thereby
      rendering the nuclei inactive in template RNA synthesis in vitro. This activity
      can be restored by the addition of infected cell cytoplasmic extracts or of the
      high-speed supernatant fraction from these extracts. These results indicate that
      the cytoplasmic fraction from infected cells enables the viral transcription
      complex to continue transcription past the site at which termination occurs
      during viral mRNA synthesis and also suggest that this fraction enables the
      transcription complex to initiate transcription without the capped primer used in
      viral mRNA synthesis.

PMID- 6589617
TI  - Rapid induction of a specific nuclear mRNA precursor by thyroid hormone.
AB  - Administration of thyroid hormone to the thyroidectomized rat results in a rapid
      and dramatic increase in the relative amount of hepatic mRNA coding for spot 14-
      a translational product with an approximate Mr of 17,500 and isoelectric point of
      4.9. We have now isolated a cDNA clone containing sequences homologous to this
      thyroid hormone-responsive mRNA. Two distinct mRNA species that differed by 200
      nucleotides in length were found to be capable of hybridizing to the cDNA probe.
      Both mRNA species were proportionally elevated in relative concentration in rats
      with increasing plasma levels of thyroid hormone. The earliest change in the
      levels of mature mRNA occurred at 20 minutes following thyroid hormone treatment
      of the thyroidectomized rat. Analysis of nuclear RNA revealed a single higher
      molecular weight species that was homologous to spot 14 mRNA. An increase in the
      nuclear level of this putative precursor occurred by 10 minutes following thyroid
      hormone administration, a time preceding the earliest change in mature mRNA.
      Thus, thyroid hormone appears to act at least in part at a nuclear level in
      altering the cellular concentration of this mRNA species. The rapidity of this
      change suggests that it may reflect a direct response to the binding of thyroid
      hormone to its nuclear receptor.

PMID- 6589618
TI  - In vitro-synthesized adenovirus 2 messenger RNA precursors are accurately spliced
      by nuclear extracts.
AB  - Precursor mRNAs were synthesized in vitro from a plasmid in which the early
      region 2 gene of adenovirus 2 is fused to an efficient bacteriophage promoter
      (Salmonella phage 6). The RNAs were purified and used as substrates for in vitro
      splicing in the presence of nuclear extracts prepared from MOPC-315 mouse myeloma
      cells. The in vitro splicing was accurate at the nucleotide level. The reaction
      occurs rapidly and without any detectable lag. The concentration of the pre-mRNA
      precursor during incubation appears to be an important factor for high efficiency
      (60%-80%) of in vitro RNA splicing. Fractionation of the splicing components as
      well as modifications of the DNA template to study the nucleotide-sequence
      requirement for in vitro splicing can now be accomplished with this system.

PMID- 6589619
TI  - Nucleic acid (cDNA) and amino acid sequences of alpha-type gliadins from wheat
      (Triticum aestivum).
AB  - The complete amino acid sequence for an alpha-type gliadin protein of wheat
      (Triticum aestivum Linnaeus) endosperm has been derived from a cloned cDNA
      sequence. An additional cDNA clone that corresponds to about 75% of a similar
      alpha-type gliadin has been sequenced and shows some important differences. About
      97% of the composite sequence of A-gliadin (an alpha-type gliadin fraction) has
      also been obtained by direct amino acid sequencing. This sequence shows a high
      degree of similarity with amino acid sequences derived from both cDNA clones and
      is virtually identical to one of them. On the basis of sequence information,
      after loss of the signal sequence, the mature alpha-type gliadins may be divided
      into five different domains, two of which may have evolved from an ancestral
      gliadin gene, whereas the remaining three contain repeating sequences that may
      have developed independently.

PMID- 6589620
TI  - Identification and primary sequence of an unspliced human urokinase poly(A)+ RNA.
AB  - Human urokinase cDNA clones have been identified from a cDNA library prepared
      from total RNA of human fibroblasts transformed by simian virus 40 [Okayama, H. &
      Berg, P. (1983) Mol. Cell. Biol. 3, 280-289]. Synthetic oligonucleotides,
      corresponding to urokinase protein sequence, were used as probes. The cloned cDNA
      covers most of the coding sequence and the entire 3' untranslated region. The
      nucleotide sequence of one of the clones identifies this as a copy of a partially
      spliced polyadenylylated precursor to urokinase mRNA. The introns separate
      functionally different domains of the enzyme. Human urokinase mRNA has been
      identified by RNA blot and its size was estimated at 2500 nucleotides.

PMID- 6589621
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone for human ferritin heavy chain.
AB  - Ferritin, the main iron-storage protein, is composed of two partially homologous
      subunits, heavy (H) and light (L), with MrS of 21,000 and 19,000, respectively.
      We have isolated a cDNA clone for human ferritin H chains by screening a human
      lymphocyte cDNA library with synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides. The
      oligonucleotide sequences were derived from two pentapeptides found in human
      spleen ferritin. The selected clone hybridized to both probes and selected H
      chain mRNA, but not L-chain mRNA, when hybridized to HeLa cell mRNA. These
      results indicate that the cloned DNA codes for a H chain of human ferritin. Since
      the amino acid sequence derived from the cloned DNA was almost identical to the
      partial amino acid sequence of a minor component found in human spleen ferritin,
      we conclude that the minor sequence found in human spleen ferritin must be a H
      subunit. Genomic analysis gives a complex pattern that suggests that ferritin H
      chains are encoded by a multigene family or have an unusually large number of
      exons.

PMID- 6589622
TI  - Structural model of human ceruloplasmin based on internal triplication,
      hydrophilic/hydrophobic character, and secondary structure of domains.
AB  - A molecular model for the structure of human ceruloplasmin is proposed that is
      based on the determination of the complete amino acid sequence, studies of the
      products of limited proteolytic cleavage, calculations of the
      hydrophilic/hydrophobic character (hydropathy profile), and predictions of the
      local secondary structure. This multicopper oxidase (Mr approximately 132,000)
      consists of a single polypeptide chain (1046 amino acid residues) with four
      attached glucosamine oligosaccharides. Computer-assisted statistical analysis of
      the internal repetition in the amino acid sequence confirms that the entire
      polypeptide chain is divided into three contiguous homology units, each
      containing about 350 amino acid residues. Each homology unit is subdivided into
      three domains, designated A1, A2, and B, that differ in structure and probably in
      function. Calculations of the hydropathy profile and predictions of the secondary
      structure support a molecular model based on internal repetition of three
      homology units and help to identify characteristic features of the interdomain
      junctions. The alignment scores for internal duplication of pairings of the three
      homology units of ceruloplasmin exceed the scores yet reported for contiguous
      internal duplication of any other protein. This highly significant evidence for
      intragenic repetition suggests that the ceruloplasmin molecule evolved by tandem
      triplication of ancestral genes coding for a primordial copper oxidase.

PMID- 6589623
TI  - Characterization of a cDNA coding for human protein C.
AB  - Protein C is a precursor to a serine protease that is present in mammalian
      plasma. In its activated form, it readily inactivates factor Va and factor VIIIa,
      two proteins that participate as cofactors in the blood coagulation cascade. In
      the present studies, a lambda gt11 library containing cDNA inserts prepared from
      human liver mRNA has been screened with an antibody to human protein C. Seven
      positive clones were isolated from 2 X 10(6) phage and were plaque-purified. The
      cDNA inserts of two of these phage were sequenced and shown to code for human
      protein C. Each cDNA insert coded for a portion of the light chain of the
      molecule, a connecting region, the heavy chain, a stop codon, a 3'-noncoding
      region, and a poly(A) tail. The length of the noncoding sequence on the 3' end
      differed in the two clones, but each contained a processing or polyadenylylation
      signal followed by a poly(A) tail. The amino acid sequence as determined from the
      cDNA indicates that protein C is synthesized as a single-chain polypeptide
      containing the light chain and the heavy chain connected by a dipeptide of Lys
      Arg. The single-chain molecule is then converted to the light and heavy chains by
      cleavage of two or more internal peptide bonds. In plasma, the heavy and light
      chains of protein C are linked together by a disulfide bond. The amino acid
      sequence of human protein C shows a high degree of homology with that of the
      bovine molecule. The DNA sequence coding for the catalytic region near the active
      site serine in human protein C also showed a high degree of DNA and amino acid
      sequence identity with prothrombin, factor IX, and factor X, three of the other
      vitamin K-dependent serine proteases that are present in plasma.

PMID- 6589624
TI  - Structure of deoxyhemoglobin Cowtown [His HC3(146) beta----Leu]: origin of the
      alkaline Bohr effect and electrostatic interactions in hemoglobin.
AB  - Hemoglobin Cowtown [His HC3(146)-beta----Leu] exhibits high oxygen affinity and a
      halved alkaline Bohr effect. X-ray analysis shows the COOH-terminal leucine to be
      in equilibrium between two positions: one with the salt bridge between the
      terminal carboxyl and Lys C5(40)alpha intact and the leucyl side chain leaning
      against main chain atoms of helices F and FG and the other with the terminal salt
      bridge broken and the leucyl side chain touching Pro C2(37)alpha. Structural
      changes are confined to the immediate neighborhood of the COOH terminus, showing
      the halving of the alkaline Bohr effect to be due directly to the loss of the
      histidine, without significant contributions from changes in pK values of other
      ionizable groups due to structural changes elsewhere.

PMID- 6589625
TI  - Macroscopic models for studies of electrostatic interactions in proteins:
      limitations and applicability.
AB  - The validity of macroscopic models for calculations of electrostatic energies in
      proteins is examined. The Tanford-Kirkwood (TK) model is extended to include the
      self energy of the ionized groups. It is shown that ionized groups cannot exist
      inside nonpolar regions of proteins and argued that the experimental finding of
      ions inside proteins proves that the corresponding local environment is polar.
      The modified TK model (MTK model), which adjusts charge-charge interactions by
      the corresponding solvent accessibilities, is found to be inconsistent with the
      TK model, on which it is based. The MTK model corresponds to a polar interior
      whereas the TK model assumes a nonpolar interior. It is shown that models that
      assume a high dielectric constant for proteins give reasonable results for
      interactions between charged groups at equilibrium. It is then explained why, in
      contradiction to common belief, protein interiors are polar around charged
      groups. It is argued that in focusing on charge-charge interactions one overlooks
      the key contribution of the protein dipoles in determining the self energy of
      charges in the interior of proteins.

PMID- 6589626
TI  - Fluorescence quantum yield of visual pigments: evidence for subpicosecond
      isomerization rates.
AB  - The fluorescence quantum yields (phi f) for bovine and squid rhodopsins are
      determined. Both pigments yield similar results, with an average value for phi f
      of 1.2 (+/- 0.5) X 10(-5). Since the estimated radiative lifetime of rhodopsin is
      5 nsec, the rate constant of the process that competes with fluorescence must be
      on the order of 0.1 psec. Given the large quantum yield for isomerization of
      rhodopsin's retinal chromophore, this process is likely to correspond to the
      motion along retinal's C11-C12 torsional coordinate that leads to cis-trans
      isomerization. An empirical excited-state potential energy curve along this
      coordinate is derived. It is shown that subpicosecond torsional motion to highly
      twisted nonfluorescing regions of the potential is possible and, in fact, likely.
      Our results require the existence of a barrier-less excited-state potential
      energy curve and suggest that cis-trans isomerization occurs in less than 1 psec.

PMID- 6589627
TI  - Detection of cis and trans X-Pro peptide bonds in proteins by 13C NMR:
      application to collagen.
AB  - Heretofore the complexity of natural abundance spectra has precluded the use of
      13C NMR to detect cis peptide bonds in proteins. We have incorporated [4
      13C]proline into chicken calvaria collagen and report here well-resolved C gamma
      signals, arising from cis and trans X-Pro and X-Hyp peptide bonds (where X is any
      amino acid residue) in the 13C NMR spectrum of the thermally unfolded protein.
      Measurement of 13C signal areas shows that 16% of the X-Pro and 8% of X-Hyp bonds
      are cis in the unfolded collagen. These results strongly support the conclusion
      drawn from kinetic studies that cis-trans isomerization of peptide bonds is the
      rate-limiting step in helix propagation after nucleation. Our method can be
      applied to other proteins as well and should aid in testing the generality of the
      hypothesis of Brandts, Halvorson, and Brennan that cis-trans isomerization is the
      rate-limiting step in protein folding when proline is present.

PMID- 6589628
TI  - Calcium-binding protein, parvalbumin, is reduced in mutant mammalian muscle with
      abnormal contractile properties.
AB  - To elucidate the biochemical basis of hereditary muscle diseases in an
      experimental mammal, we performed polypeptide analyses on skeletal muscles of
      neuromuscular mutants of the mouse. In one of these, "arrested development of
      righting response" (adr), the concentration of the soluble Ca2+-binding protein
      parvalbumin was drastically reduced in comparison to wild type. This reduction
      was not an unspecific consequence of muscle disease, as it was not observed in
      two other neuromuscular mouse mutants, "wobbler" (wr) and "motor endplate
      disease" (med or medjo). Isometric twitches of adr muscle had only slightly
      prolonged contraction and half-relaxation times, yet long-lasting after
      contractions were observed upon repeated (20-100 Hz) direct stimulation. Thus,
      parvalbumin may be mainly involved in the relaxation after tetanic contraction of
      fast-twitch fibers.

PMID- 6589629
TI  - Induction of replicative DNA synthesis in quiescent human fibroblasts by DNA
      damaging agents.
AB  - A marked induction of DNA replication was observed in confluent human diploid
      fibroblast cultures treated with low relatively nontoxic doses of UV radiation, N
      methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), and N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (AAAF). Isopycnic
      CsCl density gradient analysis of newly synthesized DNA labeled with BrdUrd
      indicated that most of the synthesis was semiconservative. The rate of
      semiconservative DNA synthesis was maximal 24 hr after damage. This induction of
      DNA replication was greatest at approximately equal to 3 J/m2 UV, 0.5 mM MNU, or
      1.0 microM AAAF; was inhibited by hydroxyurea and aphidicolin; and also occurred
      in repair-deficient xeroderma pigmentosum fibroblasts. Autoradiographic
      examination of both confluent cultures and serum-arrested cultures showed a large
      increase in the fraction of densely labeled (S phase) cells after UV treatment.
      These densely labeled cells retain the capacity for cell division and subsequent
      proliferation. We conclude that low doses of at least three different DNA
      damaging agents are capable of recruiting quiescent cells into a state of DNA
      replication similar to that observed in the normal cell cycle.

PMID- 6589630
TI  - Induction of glucose-regulated proteins during anaerobic exposure and of heat
      shock proteins after reoxygenation.
AB  - In this report we examine the effects of chronic anaerobic exposure and
      subsequent reoxygenation on protein synthesis patterns in Chinese hamster ovary
      cells. It is observed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (isoelectric
      focusing/NaDodSO4/PAGE) that the transition from an atmospheric environment to an
      anaerobic state transiently induces the major heat-shock proteins (at 68 and 89
      kDa). As the period of anaerobiosis increases, this heat-shock induction
      disappears and a new set of proteins (at 76 and 97 kDa) is induced. By two
      dimensional gel electrophoresis and partial proteolytic mapping, these new
      proteins, which are induced by anaerobic exposures exceeding 12 hr, are identical
      to 76 and 97 kDa (p76 and p97, respectively) proteins induced by extended periods
      of glucose deprivation (greater than 14 hr) when oxygen is present. Furthermore,
      the induction of these proteins under anoxia occurs in the presence of glucose,
      and increasing the glucose content of the starting media does not affect the
      induction. When anaerobic p76 and p97 induced cells are returned to atmospheric
      oxygen, p76 and p97 are repressed, while the heat-shock proteins are again
      transiently induced. This work further suggests the importance of deprivation and
      release environments in controlling the expression of these two stress protein
      systems. It is suggested that their natural expression may be determined by
      comparable circumstances.

PMID- 6589631
TI  - Isolation and nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding human rhodopsin.
AB  - We have isolated and completely sequenced the gene encoding human rhodopsin. The
      coding region of the human rhodopsin gene is interrupted by four introns, which
      are located at positions analogous to those found in the previously characterized
      bovine rhodopsin gene. The amino acid sequence of human rhodopsin, deduced from
      the nucleotide sequence of its gene, is 348 residues long and is 93.4% homologous
      to that of bovine rhodopsin. Interestingly, those portions of the polypeptide
      chain predicted to form loops on the cytoplasmic face of rhodopsin are perfectly
      conserved between the human and bovine proteins.

PMID- 6589632
TI  - Eukaryotic chromosome transfer: linkage of the murine major histocompatibility
      complex to an inserted dominant selectable marker.
AB  - We have developed an approach for genetic analysis of the murine H-2 complex that
      has broad general applicability to the study of eukaryotic genome organization.
      We have used a retroviral vector to introduce a selectable marker into the mouse
      genome close to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Chromosomal segments
      containing large portions of the MHC from these donor cells have been transferred
      both to hamster and monkey cell recipients. The procedure involved the following
      steps. First, a murine cell line was multiply infected with a defective
      recombinant murine leukemia virus that contains the neomycin-resistance gene (a
      gene that confers resistance to G418). In this way, the neomycin-resistance gene
      was introduced at multiple sites in the mouse genome. Second, metaphase
      chromosomes, prepared from this infected cell population, were transferred to
      hamster cell recipients. Third, two G418-resistant transferents were identified
      that expressed murine H-2 antigens on their cell surface. These transferents were
      shown to contain a large segment of the murine MHC (H-2K and I regions) by DNA
      hybridization. The neomycin-resistance gene and the mouse MHC genes must be
      physically linked in these cells since they could be cotransferred from the
      hamster cells to monkey cells. Fourth, the murine cell carrying the neomycin
      resistance gene near the MHC was identified from the original donor cell
      population. This cell will serve as a useful source of chromosome fragments for
      analysis of larger portions of the MHC. This series of steps can serve as a
      paradigm for the first steps in a detailed genetic analysis of any specific
      region of a mammalian genome to which one or more genes have already been mapped.

PMID- 6589633
TI  - Characterization of a cloned DNA sequence that is present at centromeres of all
      human autosomes and the X chromosome and shows polymorphic variation.
AB  - We have identified a human DNA recombinant (p308) with a 3.0-kilobase (kb) BamHI
      insert that hybridizes in situ exclusively to the centromeric region of all human
      autosomes and the X chromosome. This highly repetitive sequence is significantly
      enriched on several chromosomes, most prominently on chromosome 6. In all
      individuals, the majority of genomic repeats are organized as tandem 3.0-kb BamHI
      repeats, each containing one Taq I site; the others are organized into BamHI and
      Taq I repeats of variable size that have some chromosome specificity. Using mouse
      human hybrids, we have defined the specific organization of this sequence on
      chromosomes 6, 3, and X. In some individuals, there are differences in the number
      and nature of the tandem repeats. These polymorphisms segregate in families as if
      chromosome specific. Although variable from one chromosome to another, 308
      contains sequences homologous to DNA present in centric heterochromatin of
      essentially all human chromosomes and is evolutionarily conserved. Therefore, a
      significant component of pericentric DNA is similar for all human chromosomes.

PMID- 6589634
TI  - Ability to smell androstenone is genetically determined.
AB  - Some adult humans cannot detect the odor of androstenone (5 alpha-androst-16-en-3
      one), a volatile steroid. To test for the presence of genetic variance associated
      with this trait, adult twins were tested for their ability to smell androstenone
      and another odorant, pyridine, that is readily perceived by most adults.
      Ascending concentration, two-sample (odor versus blank) forced choice tests were
      used to assess sensitivity to these odorants. Intraclass correlations for
      identical and fraternal twin detection thresholds to pyridine were small and not
      significantly different. However, intraclass correlations for thresholds to
      androstenone were significantly different, with the correlation for identical
      twins being greater than that for the fraternal twins. These data indicate a
      genetic component of variation in sensitivity to this odor. Investigations that
      use genetic variation could offer a new tool for studies of olfactory
      transduction mechanisms.

PMID- 6589635
TI  - Regulation of Cat1 gene expression in the scutellum of maize during early
      sporophytic development.
AB  - A regulatory element has been identified in maize that appears to exert an effect
      specifically on Cat1 gene expression in the scutellum of maize during early
      sporophytic development. Cat1 encodes CAT-1 catalase, one of two forms of
      catalase expressed in the scutellum during this developmental time period.
      Density-labeling experiments indicate that the regulatory element influences the
      overall levels of CAT-1 protein synthesis in the scutellum but has no effect on
      CAT-2 protein synthesis. Immunoprecipitation experiments of in vitro translation
      products suggest that this element has an effect on the level of translatable
      Cat1 mRNA associated with the scutellar polysomes. The element exhibits additive
      inheritance and is tissue and time specific in its action. This element,
      therefore, meets all the criteria of a regulatory gene and has been designated
      Car2. The element acts to regulate the temporal expression of the Cat1 structural
      locus in maize.

PMID- 6589636
TI  - Genes for murine fourth complement component (C4) and sex-limited protein (Slp)
      identified by hybridization to C4- and Slp-specific cDNA.
AB  - Murine fourth component of complement (C4) and sex-limited protein (Slp) are two
      closely related serum proteins whose structural genes lie in the S region of the
      murine H-2 complex. We have cloned two very similar (95% nucleotide sequence
      identity) cDNAs; they encode amino acid sequences that are distinct but that
      correspond equally well with the limited amino acid sequence available for murine
      and human C4. We have identified one of these as C4 cDNA and the other as Slp
      cDNA by comparing, in a RNA blot hybridization experiment, the extent of
      hybridization of the two cDNAs to liver mRNAs from inbred mouse strains
      expressing varying amounts of C4 and Slp proteins in their plasma. The C4 and Slp
      cDNAs were used in a Southern blot experiment to identify the C4 and Slp genes in
      the molecular map of the S region.

PMID- 6589637
TI  - A species of human alpha interferon that lacks the ability to boost human natural
      killer activity.
AB  - Most species of recombinant leukocyte interferons (IFN-alpha A, -alpha B, -alpha
      C, -alpha D, -alpha F, -alpha I, and -alpha K) were capable of boosting human
      natural killer (NK) activity after a 2-hr treatment of cells at a concentration
      of 1-80 units/ml. In contrast, recombinant human IFN-alpha J was found to be
      incapable of augmenting NK activity after exposure of cells for 2 hr to
      concentrations as high as 10,000 units/ml. This inability of IFN-alpha J to boost
      NK activity was not complete because, after exposure of cells to a high
      concentration of IFN-alpha J (10,000 units/ml) for 18 hr, boosting of cytolysis
      was observed. IFN-alpha J appeared to interact with receptors for IFN on NK cells
      since it was found to interfere with the boosting of NK activity by other species
      of IFN-alpha. In contrast to its deficient ability to augment NK activity, IFN
      alpha J has potent antiviral and antiproliferative activities. Such extensive
      dissociation of these biological activities has not been observed previously with
      any other natural or recombinant IFN species. Thus, this IFN species may be
      useful for evaluating the relative importance of various biological activities on
      the therapeutic effects of IFN, for understanding structure-function
      relationships, and for determining the biochemical pathways related to the
      various biological effects of IFN.

PMID- 6589638
TI  - Enhanced expression of the human gene N-myc consequent to amplification of DNA
      may contribute to malignant progression of neuroblastoma.
AB  - Previous studies had revealed that DNA with partial similarity to the myc
      oncogene (N-myc) is frequently amplified in human neuroblastoma cell lines and
      neuroblastoma tumors. We show here for one patient that N-myc amplification is
      confined to the neuroblastoma tumor and is not present in normal tissue. N-myc
      mRNA approximately equal to 4.0 kilobases in size is detectable in neuroblastoma
      cell lines and tumors and in a retinoblastoma cell line. By contrast, appreciable
      amounts of this RNA were not present in a number of cell lines derived from other
      human tumors and in fibroblasts from a normal individual and from a neuroblastoma
      patient. Low levels of N-myc RNA were found in human and murine neuroblastoma
      cell lines lacking amplification of this gene, up to 80-fold greater levels in
      all cell lines carrying amplified N-myc. In situ hybridization to sections of
      neuroblastoma tumors revealed high expression of N-myc predominantly in
      undifferentiated neuroblasts. We hypothesize that amplification and consequent
      elevated expression of N-myc may be related to malignant progression.

PMID- 6589639
TI  - Monensin-induced inhibition of cell spreading in normal and dystrophic human
      fibroblasts.
AB  - Cultured skin fibroblasts from normal individuals and from patients with Duchenne
      muscular dystrophy spread equally rapidly when seeded on a glass substratum.
      Exposure to the ionophore monensin substantially suppresses normal and dystrophic
      fibroblast spreading in serum-free media for up to at least 100 min.
      Preincubation of normal fibroblasts with monensin causes a further reduction in
      cell spreading. Dystrophic fibroblasts fail to spread as well as normal cells
      after monensin preincubation. Such findings indicate that there is a delay in the
      secretion of functional adhesive surface proteins in monensin-preincubated normal
      fibroblasts and that this lag period is significantly longer in dystrophic
      fibroblasts. These data are consistent with findings of altered adhesive and
      secretory properties of fibroblasts from patients with Duchenne muscular
      dystrophy.

PMID- 6589640
TI  - In vitro evidence that covalent crosslinking of neurofilaments occurs in gamma
      diketone neuropathy.
AB  - We have postulated that the toxic neuropathies associated with neurofilament
      filled axonal swellings have a common pathogenesis, the covalent crosslinking of
      neurofilaments during anterograde transport. The newly described gamma-diketone,
      3,4-dimethyl-2,5-hexanedione (DMHD), is a more potent analogue of the toxic
      metabolite of n-hexane, 2,5-hexanedione. The axonal swellings observed in DMHD
      toxicity are in the proximal axon, as seen in intoxication with beta, beta'
      iminodipropionitrile, rather than in the distal axon, where neurofilamentous
      swellings are observed in n-hexane, carbon disulfide, and acrylamide
      neurotoxicity. In these studies, 14C-labeled DMHD and 2-butanone were synthesized
      and allowed to react with peripheral nerve. Only 14C-labeled DMHD resulted in
      stable radiolabeled protein polymers, which were retained by nitrocellulose
      filters with pore sizes as large as 12 microns. More specific evidence for
      covalent crosslinking of neurofilaments was obtained when DMHD was allowed to
      react with peripheral nerve in which the neurofilaments had been pulse-labeled
      with L-[35S]methionine.

PMID- 6589641
TI  - A cDNA clone encoding neuropeptides isolated from Aplysia neuron L11.
AB  - Single nerve cells can use more than one substance as extracellular chemical
      messengers. Classical transmitters have been shown to coexist in the same neuron
      and possibly even in the same vesicle as neuroactive peptides. Furthermore,
      multiple neuroactive peptides, which are thought to be coreleased, are often
      encoded in the same precursor assuring stoichiometric synthesis. The precise
      organization of multiple message systems and the physiological significance of
      the coexistence is poorly understood. The abdominal ganglion of the gastropod
      mollusc Aplysia contains a number of identified neurons that are cotransmitter
      candidates. One such cell, L11, is cholinergic and probably also uses
      biologically active peptides. Differential screening with labeled cDNA was used
      to isolate cDNA clones expressed specifically in the bag cells and abdominal
      ganglion neurons L11 or R15. Analysis of an L11-specific clone suggests that it
      encodes a 14.7-kDa protein that is the precursor for the secreted peptides. The
      poly(A)+ RNA transcript is approximately equal to 1.2 kilobases and there are 1-3
      copies of this gene in the Aplysia haploid genome.

PMID- 6589642
TI  - Purification of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor from porcine atria.
AB  - The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor from porcine atria has been purified
      100,000-fold to homogeneity by solubilization in digitonin/cholate and sequential
      chromatography on wheat germ agglutinin-agarose, diethylaminoethylagarose,
      hydroxylapatite, and 3-(2'-aminobenzhydryloxy)tropane-agarose. The yield of
      purified receptor was 4.3% of that found in the membrane fraction, and the
      purified receptor bound 11.1-12.8 nmol of L-[3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate per mg of
      protein, corresponding to a binding component Mr of 78,400-90,000. The purified
      receptor preparation consisted of two polypeptides in approximately equimolar
      amounts when examined on silver-stained sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide
      gels. The larger polypeptide (Mr 78,000 on 8% polyacrylamide gels) was
      specifically alkylated with [3H]propylbenzilylcholine mustard, whereas the
      smaller polypeptide (Mr 14,800) was not labeled. The possibility that the small
      polypeptide is a contaminant fortuitously appearing in equimolar amounts with the
      large polypeptide cannot be ruled out at this time. The purified preparation was
      highly stable, with no measurable change in the number of ligand binding sites or
      the gel pattern after 1 month's storage on ice. Scatchard analysis showed a
      single class of binding sites for the antagonist L-[3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate
      with a dissociation constant of 61 +/- 4 pM. Equilibrium titration experiments
      demonstrated that the antagonist L-hyoscyamine displaced L-[3H]quinuclidinyl
      benzilate from a single class of sites (Kd = 475 +/- 30 pM), whereas the agonist
      carbamoylcholine interacted at two populations of sites (53% +/- 3% high
      affinity, Kd = 1.1 +/- 0.3 microM; 47% +/- 3% low affinity, Kd = 67 +/- 14
      microM). The ligand binding data were very similar to that for the membrane-bound
      receptor, suggesting that the receptor has not been altered radically during
      purification.

PMID- 6589643
TI  - Tonically discharging putamen neurons exhibit set-dependent responses.
AB  - Previous microelectrode recordings in the putamen of monkeys have revealed a
      class of tonically active neurons without apparent behavioral correlates. The
      present study shows that such neurons have responses to stimuli that trigger
      movement but that these responses disappear when motor responses to the stimuli
      are extinguished. The short latency of the responses (less than for other putamen
      neurons) suggests that they may play a role in linking conditioned stimuli and
      responses.

PMID- 6589645
TI  - Modification of erythropoiesis and hormone sensitivity by RNA tumor viruses.

PMID- 6589644
TI  - Inhibition of spontaneous and opiate-modified nociception by an endogenous
      neuropeptide with Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2-like immunoreactivity.
AB  - In rats the antinociceptive actions of morphine (injected intraventricularly) or
      of [Met5]enkephalin-Arg6-Phe7 (YGGFMRF) (injected intrathecally) were attenuated
      by a pretreatment with 10 microliter of artificial cerebral spinal fluid
      containing 1 microM captopril/1 microM bestatin/2.5 microM Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2
      (FMRF-NH2) given 5 min earlier by the same route. A high molecular weight form of
      FMRF-NH2 purified from bovine brain attenuated the antinociceptive action of
      YGGFMRF. IgG, prepared from a specific FMRF-NH2 antiserum, elicited a moderate
      antinociception reversible by naloxone; in contrast, IgG prepared from control
      serum failed to change tail-flick latencies. In rats receiving morphine every 2
      hr and anti-FMRF-NH2 IgG every 4 hr, the antinociceptive action was still evident
      after eight successive injections; in rats receiving only morphine, the
      antinociceptive action had disappeared after six successive injections. Morphine
      (1 microM) added to the perfusion fluid of the subarachnoidal spaces of rat
      spinal cord releases FMRF-NH2-like peptides in the perfusate.

PMID- 6589646
TI  - The effects of catalase, indomethacin and FPL 55712 on vascular permeability in
      the hamster cheek pouch following scald injury.
AB  - The effects of scald injury and scald injury with pretreatment on plasma and
      water content were studied in the superfused hamster cheek pouch. Catalase
      (30,000 Units/kg), indomethacin (2.5 mg/kg) and FPL 55712 (2 mg/kg) were
      administered prior to 10 second scald with 100 degrees C normal saline. Plasma
      content was measured with 125 I serum albumin and water content was calculated by
      loss on drying. Significant (P less than 0.05) decreases in plasma content
      compared to scald alone were observed following pretreatment with catalase (29%)
      indomethacin (31%) or FPL 55712 (52%). Water content in scalded pouches was
      significantly reduced by catalase (29%) and FPL 55712 (42%). Pretreatment when
      combined also resulted in significant reduction of plasma content but not water
      content. Results suggest that free-radicals, prostaglandins and leukotrienes are
      involved in vascular response by scald injury.

PMID- 6589647
TI  - Relationship of renal prostaglandins to three diuretics.
AB  - The effects of amiloride, a potassium-sparing diuretic, and of acetazolamide, a
      carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, were compared to those of triamterene, a potent
      prostaglandin stimulator which may result in acute renal failure after
      indomethacin pretreatment. Eighteen normal subjects on a constant sodium diet
      were given triamterene 200 mg/d, or amiloride 15 mg/d, or acetazolamide 750 mg/d
      for 3 days. Plasma potassium rose after triamterene and amiloride, and fell after
      acetazolamide. Natriuresis was increased after amiloride and acetazolamide, but
      not after triamterene. Plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone were
      stimulated by the three diuretics. Triamterene induced a 4-fold increase in
      urinary prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha and acetazolamide a 2-fold increase in
      prostaglandin E2 only, whereas amiloride showed no effect. No relationship was
      found between plasma or urinary electrolytes and urinary prostaglandins. Renal
      function was preserved in all cases. These results which show that amiloride,
      unlike triamterene, does not stimulate prostaglandins, suggest that nonsteroidal
      anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) which unmask triamterene nephrotoxicity may not
      constitute a hazard in association with amiloride. The prostaglandin response to
      acetazolamide may be indicative of adverse reactions during concomitant NSAID
      administration.

PMID- 6589648
TI  - Leukotriene C4 induces vasogenic cerebral edema in rats.

PMID- 6589649
TI  - The effect of ovarian steroids on prostaglandin F2 catabolism in ovariectomized
      rat uterus.
AB  - The effects of ovarian steroids, estradiol and progesterone, on the prostaglandin
      F2 (PGF2) catabolism in vitro in rat uterus were examined by using labeled PGF2.
      The formation of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2 (13,14H2-15K-PGF2) from PGF2 was
      stimulated by a single injection of estradiol (10 micrograms) or progesterone (1
      mg). A remarkable increase in the 13,14H2-15K-PGF2 formation was recognized at 12
      hours after estradiol treatment and the formation reached the maximal level at 24
      hours. Progesterone also raised the gradual increase of PGF2 catabolism at 24 and
      48 hours. In the case of the simultaneous administration of estradiol and
      progesterone, the additive effect in the PGF2 catabolism was not observed at 24
      hours after a single injection of steroids. However, the additive effect was
      observed by the repeated treatment (once a day for 3 days) of both estradiol (1
      microgram) and progesterone (1 mg). These results indicate that PGF2 catabolism
      in rat uterus is accelerated by ovarian steroids, and also suggest that ovarian
      hormones closely take part in the regulation of the levels of PGF2 in rat uterus.

PMID- 6589650
TI  - Studies on the temporal pattern of prostaglandin synthesis in the uterus of the
      delayed implanting rat with or without implantation inducing stimuli.
AB  - The model of delayed implantation produced by injection of progesterone (P4)
      following hypophysectomy on day 3 of pregnancy, was used to study the temporal
      relationship between phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity and endogenous
      concentrations and/or in vitro production of prostaglandins (PGs) in the rat
      uterus during the early phase of implantation. No definitive correlation between
      the endogenous concentration of uterine PGs and their in vitro production, or
      PLA2 activity, was found following various treatments. However, an interesting
      interaction between various treatments and PLA2 activity, as well as PG
      production, was evident within 0.5 h-4 h. The unaltered PLA2 activity and PG
      production in the uterus at 0.5 h and 4 h after the last injection of P4 only
      suggest that PLA2 is probably the limiting step in PG synthesis in the P4
      dominated uterus. On the other hand, the depressed uterine PG production at 0.5
      h, in the face of unaltered PLA2 activity, in P4-primed rats injected with an
      optimal dose of estradiol-17 beta (E2: 20 ng/rat, i.v.) suggests a reduction in
      PG synthetase activity with estrogen. Because PLA2 activity remained unchanged,
      the stimulation in PGE, and to some extent PGF, production at 0.5 h following
      superimposition of histamine on the E2 treatment appears to be mediated via
      stimulation of PG synthetase. The increase in PGE and PGF production at 4 h as
      compared to 0.5 h following E2 injection was accompanied by increased PLA2
      activity. However, PGF production did not exceed that obtained with only P4.
      Addition of histamine to the P4 and E2 treatment potentiated the stimulation of
      PG production at 4 h without further elevation in PLA2 activity. A suboptimal
      dose of E2 (10 ng/rat, i.v.) failed to increase PLA2 activity and PG production,
      compared to those obtained with 20 ng/rat of E2. However, coadministration of
      histamine with the low dose of E2 increased PG production to the level found with
      the optimal dose of E2; this was achieved without a significant change in PLA2
      activity. On the other hand, histamine did not reverse the inhibitory effect of
      dexamethasone on E2 stimulation of PLA2 activity and PG production. Taken
      together these results suggest that histamine induced potentiation of PG
      production in P4 and E2 treated rats is probably mediated via activation of PG
      synthetase activity. PLA2 activity was increased significantly at 8 h after the
      last injection of P4. However, this increase in activity was reflected in
      increased PGE, but not PGF production.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6589651
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F2 regulation of triglyceride levels in
      uterine smooth muscle from restricted-diet estrous and diestrous rats.
AB  - Triglyceride concentrations in uterine strips isolated from estrous and diestrous
      normal-fed or restricted-diet (50% food intake for 15 days) rats, were measured.
      Determinations were made immediately following killing (0 min, or postisolation)
      as well as after a period in glucose-free medium, (60 min or post-incubation)
      with or without additions. The postisolation levels of triglycerides (0 min) in
      the uterus from normal-fed estrous animals were lower than in diestrus but in
      each group did not differ in comparison with postincubation values (60 min),
      either without additions or in the presence of indomethacin (10-6M). Initial (0
      min) tissue triglycerides of estrous and diestrous partially-starved rats were
      significantly higher than in their respective fed controls and exhibited
      different modifications depending on the stage of the sex cycle. In estrus,
      levels remained unaltered at the end of an incubating period without additions
      and declined in the presence of indomethacin. This influence of indomethacin was
      not modified by added PGF2 (10(-9)M) but was effectively abolished by PGE2 (10(
      9)M). On the contrary, in diestrus, initial triglyceride levels diminished
      spontaneously following 60 min without additions, this being antagonized by
      indomethacin or propranolol (10(-6)M). Furthermore, exogenous PGE2 failed to
      alter the effect of indomethacin whereas PGF2 evoked its abolition. Propranolol,
      which effectively blocked the spontaneous decrement of triglycerides as did
      indomethacin, prevented also the influence of PGF2 on the action of indomethacin.
      The foregoing results are compatible with the notion that the regulation of
      triglycerides in rat uteri suspended in the absence of exogenous substrate, is
      affected differently by prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha depending on the state of
      the sex cycle. They also suggest that the phenomenon may involve the activation
      of the beta adrenoreceptors.

PMID- 6589652
TI  - Sequential changes in the concentration of prostaglandins and steroids in uterine
      lymph in sheep during the oestrous cycle.
AB  - Sequential samples of uterine lymph were collected from 9 conscious sheep at 4 or
      5 h intervals. The mean PGF2 concentration in uterine lymph increased
      significantly on days 10 and 11 but then fell again, only to increase once more
      (P less than 0.001) for the 4 days prior to oestrus. PGE2 concentrations in
      uterine lymph showed no significant changes during the cycle. Lymphatic
      oestradiol-17 beta concentrations fluctuated throughout the cycle, with peak
      values considerably higher than those found in peripheral or uterine venous
      blood.

PMID- 6589653
TI  - Area postrema/nucleus of the solitary tract ablations: analysis of the effects of
      hypophagia.
AB  - The effect of hypophagia following lesions of the area postrema and caudal-medial
      aspect of the nucleus of the solitary tract AP/cmNTS) on body-weight, water
      intake and preference for palatable diets was examined. Following AP/cmNTS
      ablation, rats reduced pelleted-food intake to a degree which was sufficient to
      account for the weight loss and increased water:food ratios observed. Restricting
      food intakes of intact rats to levels taken by lesioned animals resulted in
      similar weight losses and increased water:food ratios. When offered both pelleted
      food and milk, lesioned rats took more calories as milk than did previously food
      restricted intact rats. Thus, the hypophagia of AP/cmNTS lesioned rats does not
      account for their increased preference for milk diets. Lesioned rats ate less
      high-fat diet than did intact or sham-lesioned controls and did not increase
      their intakes when this diet was sweetened. At autopsy, retroperitoneal and
      epididymal fat-pad weights accounted for less of the total body weight of
      lesioned animals than controls suggesting that body-fat levels are reduced
      following AP/cmNTS ablation.

PMID- 6589654
TI  - Zinc deficiency and anorexia in rats: normal feeding patterns and stress induced
      feeding.
AB  - We report the effects of zinc deficiency on normal feeding behavior in rats and
      the effects of zinc deficiency on stress-induced eating in rats. Zinc deficient
      (ZD) rats weighed significantly less than their pair-fed and ad lib controls.
      Zinc repletion allowed improved growth, but ZD rats never displayed catch-up
      growth compared to their ad lib controls. ZD rats rapidly developed a depressed
      food efficiency ratio which normalized with zinc supplementation. Food
      consumption in ZD rats was approximately one-third that of ad lib controls and
      water intake was also significantly reduced. Mild tail pinch was able to induce
      feeding in these normally anorexic ZD rats. We conclude that zinc deficiency
      represents an interesting model of anorexia which may enhance our understanding
      of appetite regulation.

PMID- 6589656
TI  - Lateral ventricular enlargement associated with persistent unemployment and
      negative symptoms in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
AB  - Forty-six patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and 46 individually
      matched normal volunteers underwent computed tomographic (CT) scans of the head.
      The ventricular-to-brain ratio was strongly associated with persistent
      unemployment and negative symptoms in both patient groups. Previous findings of
      relative lateral ventricular enlargement in a proportion of schizophrenic and
      bipolar patients were also replicated. Implications of the relationship between
      CT changes and chronic unemployment among the patients are discussed.

PMID- 6589655
TI  - Zinc deficiency and anorexia in rats: the effect of central administration of
      norepinephrine, muscimol and bromerogocryptine.
AB  - Anorexia is a major manifestation of zinc deficiency, but the mechanism(s) for
      this anorexia are not well defined. In this study we investigated the effects of
      three modulators of feeding response on the food consumption of zinc deficient
      rats. Zinc deficient rats showed partial resistance to norepinephrine, eating
      significantly less at the 20 micrograms dose than the zinc sufficient ad lib
      controls, and food ingestion could not be induced at the 10 micrograms dose.
      Similarly, higher doses of the GABA agonist, muscimol, were required to induce
      feeding in the zinc deficient animals compared to the zinc sufficient controls.
      The dopamine agonist, bromergocryptine, failed to induce feeding in the zinc
      deficient animals. These findings are compatible with the concept that zinc
      deficiency produces a generalized decrease in receptor responsibility, possibly
      secondary to alterations in membrane fluidity.

PMID- 6589658
TI  - Dream dimension differences during a life change.
AB  - Dreams reported from laboratory awakening of stably married women differed from
      those of women undergoing divorce: The former dreamed of the experiment; the
      latter had more threat themes. Those coping well during the divorce had more
      positive motives in the last dream than those who were depressed. Dreams of the
      nondepressed divorcees increased in anxiety from first to last dream report,
      whereas those of the depressed increased in masochism. Affiliation motives were
      common in dreams of the married subjects, while harm avoidance predominated in
      the divorcees' dreams. Nurturance and abasement were also common needs in the
      dreams of the depressed sample.

PMID- 6589657
TI  - All-night spectral analysis of the sleep EEG in untreated depressives and normal
      controls.
AB  - Sleep was recorded in nine drug-free depressive patients and nine age- and sex
      matched normal control subjects. All-night spectral analysis of the sleep
      electroencephalogram (EEG) showed a significantly reduced power density in the
      0.25-2.50 Hz band in the depressive group. Power density values integrated over
      the entire frequency range (0.25-25.0 Hz) exhibited for both groups a decreasing
      trend over the first three non-REM/REM sleep cycles. In each cycle depressives
      had lower values than controls. The results are consistent with hypothesis that
      the build-up of a sleep-dependent process is deficient in the sleep regulation of
      depressive patients.

PMID- 6589659
TI  - Muscarinic binding in suicides.
AB  - Supersensitive muscarinic cholinergic receptors may underlie mood,
      neuroendocrine, and sleep disturbances in depression. To test this hypothesis, we
      examined muscarinic binding sites in the brains of suicides and controls in a
      matched-pair design, using the radioligand 3H-quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) and
      focusing on regions (frontal cortex, hypothalamus, and pons) mediating those
      functions. Receptor densities and binding affinities did not differ between
      suicide and control brains in any brain region studied, although there was a
      trend for both density and affinity to be lower in hypothalami from suicides. We
      discuss the implications of these findings for the cholinergic-adrenergic balance
      hypothesis of depression and the methodological limitations of our preliminary
      study.

PMID- 6589661
TI  - A direct posterior restorative resin inlay technique.

PMID- 6589662
TI  - Fixed prosthetic management as an alternative to orthodontic treatment of
      malpositioned anterior teeth.

PMID- 6589660
TI  - The effects of desmethylimipramine on cognitive function in healthy subjects.
AB  - The cognitive effects of the specific norepinephrine (NE) uptake inhibitor
      desmethylimipramine (DMI) were examined in normal subjects. Although there were
      no differences in performance on drug compared to placebo treatment, there was an
      improvement in cognition 1 week after the drug had been discontinued. On DMI,
      there was evidence for increased noradrenergic activity, which was uncorrelated
      with measures of learning and memory. An improvement in mood during drug
      withdrawal was uncorrelated with the cognitive enhancement. It was concluded that
      the discontinuation of DMI, a drug which primarily affects NE uptake, improves
      several measures of learning and memory. Drug effects on cognition may be most
      pronounced during the withdrawal period.

PMID- 6589663
TI  - Treatment of odontogenic cyst associated with impacted canine, pulpless incisors,
      and gutta-percha mass.

PMID- 6589664
TI  - Alternatives to palatal mucosa as donor sites for free gingival grafts (I).

PMID- 6589665
TI  - Regression of gingival hyperplasia after cessation of phenytoin drug therapy--a
      case report.

PMID- 6589666
TI  - Effective utilization of the dental hygienist in continuing care.

PMID- 6589667
TI  - Immunological mechanism of delayed hypersensitivity to nickel compounds.

PMID- 6589668
TI  - Establishing and managing a hospital dental department (I).

PMID- 6589669
TI  - [3-year clinical tooth cream test with toothpastes of varying fluoride content:
      0.8% and 1.2% sodium monofluorophosphate].

PMID- 6589670
TI  - [Transplantation of retained canines in adolescents (I)].

PMID- 6589671
TI  - [Pulp capping agents with hydrocortisone in an experimental comparison with
      calcium hydroxide (I)].

PMID- 6589672
TI  - [Is the centric plate system more precise than the McGrane instrument?].

PMID- 6589673
TI  - [Does the definition of the topographical relation between the temporomandibular
      joint and occlusion still conform to the current level of knowledge?].

PMID- 6589674
TI  - [Direct elastic lining of chin caps and chin cups].

PMID- 6589676
TI  - [Conservation possibilities for luxated or traumatically lost teeth].

PMID- 6589675
TI  - [Comparative study of the periodontal health of various groups of people and in
      the dental profession].

PMID- 6589677
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6589678
TI  - [Videotext--a new communication dimension in dentistry?].

PMID- 6589679
TI  - [A Nose blowing test following tooth extraction].

PMID- 6589680
TI  - [Behaviour of patients after periodontal surgery (with postoperative
      instructions)].

PMID- 6589681
TI  - [Preventive aspects in partial dentures].

PMID- 6589682
TI  - [Provisional crowns and bridges--accounting].

PMID- 6589683
TI  - [Practical hints for oral hygiene demonstrations by dental assistants].

PMID- 6589684
TI  - [Energy providing nutrients (I)].

PMID- 6589685
TI  - [Computed tomography of primary bone tumors in children].
AB  - The diagnostic value of CT examination in 21 children with 14 malignant and 7
      benign bone neoplasias was evaluated. CT contributed in 72%; mainly in malignant
      conditions it was superior to other diagnostic techniques and demonstrated the
      exact intra- as well as the extraosseous extension. The cross sectional display
      facilitated evaluation of complex anatomic structures. Monitoring the treatment
      was easily performed by CT follow-up studies. However, 28% of all the
      examinations were not contributary, this group mainly including benign lesions.

PMID- 6589687
TI  - Evidence of reduced uptake of convulsant in brain following prostaglandin E2.
AB  - The toxic and convulsant effects of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor
      Soman, were examined in mice pretreated with various doses of prostaglandin E2
      (PGE2), administered by either intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) or by
      intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion. PGE2 (i.p.) reduced the lethal effects
      of Soman slightly. PGE2 (i.p. and i.c.v.) delayed the onset and reduced the
      severity of cholinergically-induced convulsions, resulting from Soman. Whole
      brain AChE was measured at various times after Soman or Soman preceded by PGE2.
      PGE2 (i.p. or i.c.v.) reduced the rate at which Soman inhibited brain AChE, which
      appeared to be related to the increased time to onset of convulsive activity.
      Repeated injections of PGE2 did not delay convulsions indefinitely nor were
      convulsions terminated once they had started. The results suggest that the
      anticonvulsant properties of PGE2 may have been due, in part, to decreased
      cerebral circulation with subsequent reduction in the access of the convulsant to
      the brain and in part to direct neuronal effects.

PMID- 6589686
TI  - Prostaglandin synthesis in rat embryo tissue: the effect of non-steroidal anti
      inflammatory drugs in vivo and ex vivo.
AB  - Aspirin and salicylate are well-known but poorly understood teratogens in
      laboratory animals. Because aspirin inhibits PG synthesis, we systematically
      examined PG synthesis in rat embryo homogenates, the inhibition of PG synthesis
      in vivo and ex vivo by various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and tested
      the hypothesis that the inhibition of PG synthesis is responsible for aspirin
      induced limb defects in rats. We report that embryonic rat homogenates synthesize
      6-keto-PGF1alpha, PGE, and PGF in large amounts from endogenous substrate, that
      aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit PG synthesis in
      vitro but not necessarily in vivo, and that contrary to our original hypothesis,
      the inhibition of PG synthesis is likely not responsible for aspirin-induced limb
      defects in rats.

PMID- 6589688
TI  - Role of endogenous and exogenous prostaglandins on the contractile functioning of
      isolated sow (Sus scrofa) oviducts.
AB  - The output of prostaglandins (PGs) E1, E2 and F2 alpha, from ampullary and
      isthmic portions of sow oviducts isolated during proestrus, estrus and metestrus,
      was explored. Moreover, in vitro cumulative dose-response curves for the
      contractile effect of these three PGs, on identical oviductal segments, were
      constructed. Isthmic preparations from proestrous and metestrous animals released
      more PGE1 and PGF2 alpha than PGE2 "like material". During estrus, the outputs of
      PGE1, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were similar, whereas, oviducts from proestrous and
      metestrous sows released less PGE1 and PGF2 alpha than during estrus. Although
      the output of PGE2 "like material" from isthmic and ampullary segments did not
      differ significantly during the three stages of the sex cycle, ampullary
      metestrous preparations released more PGE1 and PGF2 alpha, than estrous or
      proestrous ones. The addition of PGE1, PGE2 or PGF2 alpha, consistently
      stimulated the amplitude of contractions of isthmic oviductal segments isolated
      from proestrous and metestrous sows. Within the concentration-range explored,
      dose-response curves for PGE2 and PGE1 were to the left of those for PGF2 alpha
      in the isthmus obtained before ovulation (proestrus) but not in segments isolated
      at later times (2-3 days) of the cycle (metestrus). The stimulatory dose-response
      curves for PGE1, or PGE2, in isthmic segments of metestrous preparations
      incubated with phentolamine (10(-6)M) were shifted to the right of controls not
      exposed to the adrenoreceptor blocker, whereas, the curve for PGF2 alpha without
      phentolamine, was identical to that obtained in its presence. PGE1 and PGE2 did
      not evoke significant contractile effects on oviductal ampullary portions from
      proestrous sows, whereas, PGF2 alpha was clearly stimulatory at concentrations of
      10(-9)M and higher. In ampullary segments isolated after ovulation (metestrus)
      the threshold for contractile enhancement following PGF2 alpha was greater than
      during proestrus, whereas, PGE1 elicited a significant inhibition of
      contractions. The spontaneous contractile pattern exhibited by isthmic and
      ampullary oviductal regions, prior to and after ovulation, is discussed in terms
      of tissue PG generation and output and is compared with results regarding tubal
      motility following the exposure to exogenous PGs.

PMID- 6589689
TI  - [Composites in the laboratory].

PMID- 6589690
TI  - [Fragile X syndrome: report of the 1st case confirmed cytogenetically in Chile].

PMID- 6589691
TI  - [Clinical study of remineralization of caries in enamel].

PMID- 6589692
TI  - [Matrices in conservative dentistry. Application of matrices for amalgam in
      critical zones].

PMID- 6589693
TI  - [Experimental clinical study of the location of the posterior axis of rotation of
      the mandible as a constant factor in occlusion].

PMID- 6589694
TI  - [ Dentomaxillary deformation under pressure using holographic interferometry].

PMID- 6589696
TI  - [Synthograft, a new dimension in dentistry].

PMID- 6589697
TI  - [Occlusal adjustment].

PMID- 6589698
TI  - [Idealism and realism in preventive dentistry].

PMID- 6589695
TI  - [Long-standing trismus from a malpositioned upper molar].

PMID- 6589699
TI  - [Hepatitis B and the dental profession].

PMID- 6589700
TI  - [Models of dental practice].

PMID- 6589701
TI  - Tissue-cage model for the collection of inflammatory exudate in ponies.
AB  - In a series of experiments to examine equine inflammatory exudates for the
      presence of metabolites of arachidonic acid, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a
      model for the induction and collection of exudates in ponies has been developed.
      Multiperforated polypropylene practice golf balls implanted subcutaneously in the
      mid-neck region were well tolerated and proved to be the most successful model.
      One such cage was implanted in the neck of each of seven ponies. Inflammatory
      exudates were induced by injecting 3.0 or 0.5 ml carrageenin into the cages and
      aspirates collected between three and 48 hours later. These were examined for
      PGE2-like activity, total protein concentration and leucocytes. All three
      variables increased following the injection of both dose levels of carrageenin.

PMID- 6589702
TI  - [High frequency oscillation for respiratory failure unresponsive to the current
      respiratory management].

PMID- 6589703
TI  - [Methodologic problems in the study of the craniofacial complex].

PMID- 6589704
TI  - [Functional appliances in interceptive orthodontics].

PMID- 6589705
TI  - [Characteristics of the occlusion of 3,630 students in the Caracas metropolitan
      area].

PMID- 6589706
TI  - [Correlation between the apical bases (ANB angle) and cephalometric discrepancies
      evaluated with the "I" line and 1-VT distance, in non-orthodontic patients].

PMID- 6589707
TI  - [Cephalometry of an adult born with the Robin anomaly].

PMID- 6589708
TI  - [Major ethical problems in contemporary medicine].

PMID- 6589710
TI  - [Intercondylar axiography applied to centering verification in the diagnosis of
      intermaxillary relation and to the programming of the Arcon articulator with the
      glenoid casing].

PMID- 6589709
TI  - [Are zinc phosphate cements obsolete?].

PMID- 6589711
TI  - [Intracranial tomodensitometry].

PMID- 6589712
TI  - [Level of illumination necessary in the dental office for the correct practice of
      our profession].

PMID- 6589713
TI  - [Morphological variations in bifid mandibular premolars in Senegal].

PMID- 6589714
TI  - [Oblique fracture of the mesiovestibular angle of the crown of tooth 46].

PMID- 6589715
TI  - [Hyposalivation in old age].

PMID- 6589716
TI  - [Lysosomes and periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6589717
TI  - [The dentist faced with cardiorespiratory distress].

PMID- 6589718
TI  - [The ME-O2 in canal endodontometry].

PMID- 6589719
TI  - [Use of attachments for prosthetic treatment of the edentulous anterior maxilla].

PMID- 6589720
TI  - [Semi-adaptable articulator set-up in the surgical-orthodontic treatment of the
      "long face syndrome"].

PMID- 6589721
TI  - [Refractory diastema].

PMID- 6589722
TI  - [A new retention method with removable activator appliances].

PMID- 6589723
TI  - [Extraoral force with a splint].

PMID- 6589724
TI  - [The role of 0.36 x 0.72 inch rectangular wires in the construction of removable
      transpalatal and lingual arches].

PMID- 6589725
TI  - [Comparison of torsion rigidity in wires currently used in orthodontics].

PMID- 6589727
TI  - [First steps in computer technology].

PMID- 6589726
TI  - [Mesio-distal movement in the segmented arch technic].

PMID- 6589728
TI  - Granulocytic sarcoma of the maxillary sinus.

PMID- 6589729
TI  - [Kleine-Levin-Critchley syndrome: polygraphic study of sleep organization in 1
      case].

PMID- 6589730
TI  - Anorexia and bulimia: eating habits that can kill.

PMID- 6589731
TI  - Some aspects of methodology in speech audiometry.
AB  - The aim of this study was to provide more knowledge about the influence of
      various factors on the reliability of speech audiometric measurements. On the
      basis of these data, new material on speech has also been developed for
      measurements of the speech reception threshold in noise. In a theoretical and a
      clinical investigation it has been shown that the reliability of speech
      discrimination scores may be predicted by using the binomial distribution. The
      reliability mainly depends on the score obtained and on the length of the word
      list. Curves with confidence intervals as well as diagrams which indicate when
      two different discrimination results deviate significantly from each other are
      presented. On the whole, the reliability is surprisingly poor. The reliability of
      speech reception threshold (SRT) measurements was studied by computer simulations
      and clinical studies. The SRT results of "subjects" who had poor speech
      discrimination were unreliable and were greatly affected by the level at which
      the test started. Some new methods were also simulated, one of which (the 2x4
      word method) was 8% faster and also somewhat more reliable in the clinical
      studies than the ordinary 10-word method. It was also less affected by the
      patient's speech discrimination. Several speech lists with exactly the same
      content of sound, but with new sentences, were obtained by editing a list of ten
      spoken Swedish sentences in a computer. A noise was synthesized from the speech
      material by the computer to obtain the exact same spectrum of the speech and the
      noise. This material was tested monaurally on normal-hearing subjects and hearing
      impaired subjects. A very steep intelligibility curve was obtained in noise
      (25%/dB), which gave a standard deviation of only 0.44 dB at repeated threshold
      measurements in noise for the normal-hearing subjects when the learning effect
      was outbalanced. This figure increased to 1.1 dB for those with severely impaired
      hearing. The learning effect between the first and the second thresholds did not
      exceed 1 dB. The threshold values ranged from -8 to -5 dB signal-to-noise ratio
      for those with normal hearing and from -7 to +7 dB for those with impaired
      hearing. The new sentence and noise material developed is well suited for
      clinical measurements of the speech reception threshold in noise.

PMID- 6589732
TI  - Histochemical study of giant tubule content in dentin of unerupted cow incisors.
AB  - Incisal dentin of mandible cow incisors was studied by incident light. The
      material consisted of 12 intact permanent unerupted incisors from 2-yr-old cows
      removed immediately after bleeding. These specimens were kept in an isotonic EDTA
      sucrose solution to be decalcified while maintaining vitality of cellular
      components. Three of the specimens were successfully dissected in a mesiodistal
      plane, exposing the giant tubule lumens and their content. By the use of NBT, a
      compound reduced by the dehydrogenase enzymes of the electron transport in the
      inner mitochondrial membrane, it was concluded that the giant tubules contained
      vital cells. The giant tubules were also shown to communicate with the incisal
      part of the pulp cavity by wide openings.

PMID- 6589733
TI  - Microradiographic and polarized light study of red deer root dentin with special
      reference to occurrence of giant tubules.
AB  - Radiolucent bands following the course of the dentinal tubules were observed in
      sections of undemineralized roots of permanent red deer incisors. Some of these
      bands, previously unreported in mammalian root dentin, contained giant tubules
      similar to those described earlier by the author in the coronal dentin of this
      animal. The root giant tubules initiated with funnel-shaped orifices at the
      border of the pulpal cavity and, generally, terminated in the peripheral dentin,
      whereas a few penetrated into the cementum. Whether the giant tubules should be
      considered to be anomalous dentinal tubules or a different type of structure
      could not be determined. The distinction between root giant tubules and accessory
      canals being part of the apical ramification did not represent any problem.

PMID- 6589734
TI  - Fluoride retention in sound and demineralized enamel in vivo after treatment with
      a fluoride varnish (Duraphat).
AB  - The retention of alkali soluble (CaF2) and alkali insoluble (fluorapatite)
      fluoride in sound enamel and demineralized enamel 2 wk after application of
      Duraphat was investigated in a group of orthodontic patients from whom pairs of
      homolog premolars were to be extracted. Demineralization of the enamel was
      induced during a 4-wk period prior to application of fluoride by applying
      orthodontic bands to the premolars. The bands also remained attached to the teeth
      during and after application of fluoride (2 wk) to maintain a cariogenic
      environment. Three consecutive enamel layers (approximately 5 microns) were
      subsequently etched off. A significant uptake of fluoride in the first and second
      layer of sound enamel and in all the three enamel layers of demineralized enamel
      was found. More fluoride was found in demineralized enamel and a higher
      proportion of this fluoride was found to be in an alkali insoluble form compared
      with the fluoride in sound enamel. The SEM study showed a rough enamel surface
      after three consecutive acid etchings. The etching pattern differed within the
      etched area. It was suggested that the variation in etching pattern might be due
      to differences in orientation of the crystallites and the original surface
      morphology.

PMID- 6589735
TI  - Efficacy of plaque-removal using interdental brushes and waxed dental floss.
AB  - The plaque-removing efficacy when using waxed dental floss and three interdental
      brushes was compared in an intraindividual clinical trial. Nine adult patients
      treated for periodontal disease, with a reduced but healthy periodontium and
      large interdental spaces were subjects in the study. Each subject tested the four
      interdental cleaning aids in random sequence over a 2-wk period. The duration of
      the study was 8 wk. The results indicated that the use of interdental brushes is
      preferable to that of dental floss in cleaning interdental areas where the
      papilla is missing. No difference in achieved cleanliness was noted after use of
      the different interdental brushes tested. No gingival damage or damage to the
      hard tissue of the teeth was observed after use of interdental brushes or dental
      floss.

PMID- 6589736
TI  - Effect of orthodontic treatment on prevalence of Streptococcus mutans in plaque
      and saliva.
AB  - The effect of orthodontic treatment on the prevalence of Streptococcus mutans was
      investigated in 14 subjects. Insertion of appliances tended to give a transient
      decrease in S.mutans levels, in both plaque and saliva, possibly due to
      elimination of S.mutans reservoirs by the banding procedure. After 3 months of
      extensive banding, the S.mutans proportions surpassed pretreatment levels in
      saliva and on banded teeth, whereas unbanded surfaces only showed a slight
      increase. It was thus concluded that creation of new retentive areas favors the
      local growth of S.mutans, which in turn increases the general infection level of
      this organism. Time was, however, needed before elevated levels were reached.
      Insertion of appliances tended to eliminate the characteristic gradient of
      S.mutans levels within the dental arches.

PMID- 6589737
TI  - Increased luminol enhanced chemiluminescence from peripheral granulocytes in
      juvenile periodontitis.
AB  - The granulocyte function in patients with juvenile periodontitis (JP) (eight men
      and six women, aged 13-33 yr) and sex and age matched controls was determined by
      the luminol enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) induced by opsonized and unopsonized
      bacteria or latex beads. Maximal CL induced by latex beads with or without
      autologus serum did not differ between the two groups. However, bacteria with or
      without autologous serum seemed to induce a higher maximal CL in the JP group.
      The difference was statistically significant for the results obtained with
      opsonized bacteria. Serum opsonized bacteria induced a much higher maximal CL
      than the unopsonized. The opsonin dependent reaction indicates a close
      association with the process of phagocytosis. The increased CL of granulocytes in
      JP could indicate the formation of extracellularly free oxygen radicals with the
      potential to damage tissue. These observations support a possible involvement of
      the granulocytes in the pathogenesis of JP.

PMID- 6589738
TI  - Oral submucous fibrosis as a precancerous condition.
AB  - An evaluation of the malignant potential of submucous fibrosis, based on
      observations of 89 patients with the disease in Ernakulam District, Kerala, India
      was done. Out of the 89 patients, 12 were referred patients and 77 were diagnosed
      in population based studies. At the time of first examination oral cancer was
      found to be coexistent in nine (10%) cases. For 66 patients follow-up
      observations ranging from 4 to 15 yr (median 8 yr) were available. During this
      period malignant transformation was observed in three patients (4.5%).
      Considering malignant transformation and coexistence together, oral cancer was
      observed in 13% of the present material. Leukoplakia was found in 26% of the
      patients with submucous fibrosis. Out of 42 submucous fibrosis patients biopsied,
      12% showed squamous cell carcinoma, 26% epithelial dysplasia, and 76% atrophic
      epithelium. These findings reinforced the hypothesis that submucous fibrosis is a
      precancerous condition.

PMID- 6589739
TI  - Carcinoma of maxillary sinus, palate and maxillary gingiva: occurrence of jaw
      destruction.
AB  - A comparison was made between the frequency of alveolar bone-palate destruction
      caused by carcinomas originating in the maxillary sinus (31 patients), palate
      (15) and maxillary gingiva (9). Radiographic examination included conventional
      sinus projections, supplemented with hypocycloid tomography (47), computed
      tomography (28) and orthopantomography (11). Almost every second tumor presenting
      with alveolar bone involvement appeared to be a maxillary sinus cancer. Gingival
      and palatal cancers also caused frequent bone destruction. Radiographic
      examination, including tomography, was of great value in demonstrating the extent
      of these tumors. Three cases clinically diagnosed as gingival cancers proved to
      originate in the maxillary sinus.

PMID- 6589740
TI  - TMJ pain and dysfunction: relation between clinical and radiographic findings in
      the short and long-term.
AB  - Clinical examination of the stomatognathic system and radiographic examination of
      the temporomandibular joints (TMJ), including the submentovertical, the oblique
      lateral transcranial and the transmaxillary projections, were performed in 104
      patients with TMJ pain/dysfunction. Seven years later these patients had a new
      clinical examination and 54 of them were radiographed again. Another 20 patients
      not primarily radiographed were also recalled after 7 yr and examined clinically
      and radiographically. The radiographic findings were correlated with the reported
      symptoms and clinical findings. Only a few statistically significant correlations
      were found. The initial clinical dysfunction, estimated with the aid of the
      Helkimo dysfunction index, was positively correlated with the radiographic
      findings at the follow-up. The most important clinical variables in this respect
      were tenderness to palpation of the joint and decreased mobility. Crepitation was
      associated with changes in the structure and shape of the condyle. Clicking was
      correlated with a posterior displacement of the condyle. The number of occluding
      pairs of teeth was related to changes in the TMJ structure and shape also when
      age was considered as a confounding factor. Radiographic changes of the TMJ
      develop late and are often absent in the acute phase. An early radiographic
      examination is therefore of less diagnostic importance in this respect, but
      serves the purpose of excluding other pathologic conditions.

PMID- 6589741
TI  - Corrosion resistance of a passivated and non-passivated cobalt-chromium alloy.
AB  - The release of cobalt and chromium from a passivated and non-passivated cobalt
      chromium alloy in artificial saliva has been measured using nuclear tracer
      technique. The corrosion resistance of the passivated specimens was improved by a
      factor of about four compared to the non-passivated specimens with regard to the
      initial cobalt release. The specimens were exposed to the saline solutions for
      periods up to about 8 wk. The cobalt release is associated mainly with
      electrochemical corrosion processes, since particulate matter retained on a
      filter was only registered to a minor extent. It is suggested that the decrease
      in release of cobalt and chromium after passivation is connected to the formation
      of Cr-O and/or Cr-OH bonds in the protective film which impede the movement of
      cobalt and chromium from the alloy into the saliva.

PMID- 6589742
TI  - Effect of cimetidine on human gastric and duodenal prostanoid synthesis.
AB  - In 13 patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer, biopsies were obtained
      from the stomach body and antrum and from the duodenal bulb before and, in 10,
      after 4 weeks of cimetidine treatment (1 g/day). The specimens were organ
      cultured for 90 min, and prostanoid accumulation in the medium was determined by
      radio-immunoassay. After 4 weeks of cimetidine treatment, prostaglandin E2 and 6
      keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha synthesis by cultured specimens obtained from the
      body of the stomach (1304 +/- 197 and 497 +/- 124, no. +/- 10) was significantly
      higher than their respective synthesis before therapy (734 +/- 90 and 222 +/- 26;
      no. = 13) (X +/- SE, pg/mg wet wt/90 min). Prostanoid synthesis by cultured
      specimens from the antrum and duodenum was not significantly different before and
      after cimetidine treatment. It is therefore suggested that cimetidine, in
      addition to its antisecretory effects, accelerates ulcer healing also by
      induction of endogenous gastric prostanoid synthesis.

PMID- 6589744
TI  - Abstracts of papers presented at the seventeenth Scandinavian Conference on
      Gastroenterology and the eighth Scandinavian Meeting on Gastrointestinal
      Endoscopy. Helsinki, Finland, 31 May-2 June 1984.

PMID- 6589743
TI  - The O.M.G.E. Irritable Bowel Syndrome Survey.
AB  - This paper describes the preliminary stages of a further O.M.G.E. survey
      concerning patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aims and methods
      were similar to those described earlier for other disease states and problems. By
      1982, four centres had contributed 232 cases for study. The median age was just
      over 40 years, and females outnumbered males in three of the four centres.
      Overall, nearly half the patients had undergone previous appendicectomy; and most
      suffered from characteristic pain which was relieved by defaecation. Finally, the
      aims and prospects for this study during 1982-1986 are discussed.

PMID- 6589745
TI  - Functional analysis of B-L (Ia-like) antigen-bearing chicken peripheral blood
      cells.
AB  - The functional of B-L (Ia-equivalent)-positive (B-L+) adn -negative (B-L-)
      chicken peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) was studied in vitro and in vivo. The
      PBL were first stained in direct immunofluorescence tests with a fluorescein
      isothiocyanate-labelled anti-B-L alloantiserum and then separated by means of a
      fluorescence-activated cell sorter. In agreement with our previous findings, B-L-
      cells showed functional properties of T lymphocytes, responding to concanavalin A
      and phytohaemagglutinin-P in vitro and inducing a graft-versus-host (GVH)
      reaction when injected into allogeneic embryos. Sorted B-L+ gave no responses in
      any of these assays. Neither B-L+ nor B-L- cells, when tested alone, responded
      significantly to pokeweed mitogen, but mixtures of the two restored the
      responsiveness to that of the original unsorted suspension. Of the B-L+ PBL, 10%
      were T cells, which may account for the low GVH reactivity given by this
      population.

PMID- 6589746
TI  - Symposium on staphylococcal septicaemia and endocarditis. Lund, Sweden, March 17
      18, 1983.

PMID- 6589747
TI  - Biology and clinical significance of peptidoglycan antibody response in
      staphylococcal infections.
AB  - Peptidoglycan, the basic structure of the staphylococcal cell wall, is a matrix
      of glycan strands that are cross-linked through short peptide side chains. Many
      of the biological activities of staphylococcal cells can be ascribed to the
      peptidoglycan moiety of their cell walls. Staphylococcal peptidoglycan can be
      shown to be immunogenic in laboratory animals; both humoral and cellular immune
      responses have been noted. Sensitive techniques, such as radio- or enzyme
      immunoassay, have recently shown that virtually all normal human donors have
      detectable peptidoglycan IgG antibodies in their serum. Peptidoglycan IgG can be
      transplacentally transferred. The titers of peptidoglycan antibody vary widely
      among healthy donors. Increased production of peptidoglycan antibodies is found
      in most patients with complicated S. aureus septicaemia and also in many with
      uncomplicated bacteremia. Nonbacteremic S. aureus infections usually do not
      stimulate peptidoglycan antibody production. Compared to other S. aureus products
      such as teichoic acid, nuclease, and alpha-toxin, peptidoglycan may be the most
      sensitive antigen for detecting antibody responses during staphylococcal
      infections. Peptidoglycan antibodies may neutralize some of the toxic effects of
      the staphylococcal cell wall and promote phagocytosis of the organisms. However,
      increased peptidoglycan antibody titers with immuno-complex disease have also
      been associated with longstanding infections due to S. epidermidis, Streptococci
      and with rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, peptidoglycan antibodies may cross-react
      among Gram-positive bacterial species and have detrimental effects as well.

PMID- 6589748
TI  - Antibodies to Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid in
      staphylococcal infections.

PMID- 6589749
TI  - The clinical significance of serological methods in the diagnosis of
      staphylococcal septicaemia and endocarditis.
AB  - In comparison to healthy controls we have found that patients with endocarditis
      and septicaemia caused by Staphylococcus aureus show significantly higher
      antibody levels against either S. aureus peptidoglycan, crude staphylococcal
      antigen or alpha-toxin. The serological methods used in these studies were radio
      immunoassays. These results have now been further evaluated concerning their
      clinical significance. The occurrence rate of S. aureus endocarditis and
      septicaemia at the clinic was 0.36% and 2.0%, respectively, during the study
      period. In spite of relatively high levels of test specificities, 93.8-96.9%, the
      predictive values for positive test results were low, 2.7-23.2%. Using the PG
      assay, satisfactory predictive values of 100% together with a sensitivity of
      95.2% could nevertheless be reached in the screening for S. aureus endocarditis,
      if the upper normal limit was raised.

PMID- 6589751
TI  - Focus on some basic problems in staphylococcal diseases.

PMID- 6589750
TI  - Comparison of anti-alpha-hemolysin and teichoic acid antibody tests in patients
      with endocarditis and septicaemia caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

PMID- 6589752
TI  - A general survey of antibiotic treatment of staphylococcal septicaemia and
      endocarditis.
AB  - The penicillinase-resistant penicillins (methicillin, oxacillin, nafcillin) have
      been the mainstay of antibiotic therapy for S. aureus septicaemia and
      endocarditis. In experimental rabbit S. aureus endocarditis, these three
      antibiotics were equally effective. There has been no prospective comparative
      clinical studies to determine the relative effectiveness of these antibiotics. In
      experimental rabbit S. aureus endocarditis, cephalothin and cefazolin are less
      effective than methicillin and nafcillin. The results of therapy with
      cephalosporins in patients with S. aureus endocarditis are variable. Clindamycin
      therapy of S. aureus endocarditis has been associated with clinical relapse.
      Vancomycin has been used to treat S. aureus septicaemia and endocarditis with
      good results. Fusidic acid has been used in combination with another effective
      drug in treating S. aureus septicaemia and endocarditis. Although the combination
      of a cell-wall acting antibiotic with an aminoglycoside has been shown to have an
      enhanced anti-staphylococcal activity in vitro and in animal studies, there is no
      evidence that such a combination reduces morbidity or mortality clinically.
      Rifampin in combination with a cell-wall acting antibiotic is antagonistic
      against S. aureus in vitro and in experimental endocarditis in rabbits. The use
      of such a combination has not shown consistent benefits clinically. The clinical
      importance of tolerance (MBC/MIC greater than or equal to 32) of cell-wall acting
      antibiotics to S. aureus is not clear. It appears not to be important in animal
      studies. Cephalosporins appear not to be effective in the treatment of
      methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections. The treatment of choice of sepsis and
      endocarditis due to such strains is vancomycin which is effective against all
      strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6589753
TI  - Comments on tolerant staphylococci.

PMID- 6589754
TI  - Antibiotic treatment of staphylococcal septicaemia and endocarditis in a Swedish
      hospital.
AB  - In a retrospective study covering the years 1977 to 1981, the results of
      antibiotic treatment in 123 patients with staphylococcal septicaemia with or
      without endocarditis have been analysed. 80 patients (mean age 60 years) were non
      drug addicts (Group I) and 43 (mean age 28 years) were drug addicts (Group II).
      Underlying conditions other than drug abuse were noted in 74 patients in Group I
      and in only 7 in Group II.S. aureus was isolated from 117 patients and S.
      epidermidis in 6, all of them in Group I. 91 strains were penicillinase
      producers, but all susceptible to isoxazolyl-penicillins. In Group I verified or
      highly suspected endocarditis was registered in 12 patients (15%), always left
      sided, as against in 31 (72%) in Group II, of whom 25 had tricuspid valve
      engagement. In the multivariate pattern of antibiotic treatment 3 groups may be
      discerned; 1) Cloxacillin, alone (35 patients) or in a combination (57), 2)
      Penicillin G, alone (6) or in a combination (12), and 3) Lincomycin or
      clindamycin, a cephalosporin or co-trimoxazole, alone (4) or in combination (9).
      Additive agents were mostly an aminoglycoside or fusidic acid. Out of the 45
      patients in the whole material who received single therapy 9 patients (20%) died,
      and out of the 78 patients who received combined therapy 13 patients (16.6%)
      died. In the cloxacillin group 11.8% died, compared to 35% who initially received
      other antibiotics. In 70 patients the initial therapy had to be changed, in 39
      due to adverse drug reactions and in 31 due to therapeutic failures or for
      unexplained reasons. In these cases linco- or clindamycin, more rarely rifampicin
      or vancomycin, were used. In Group I, 20 patients (25%) died, 8 of them with
      endocarditis. Sequels, relapses or reinfections were noted in 21 (25%), and 39
      (50%) had an uneventful course. In Group II, 2 patients (5%) died, both with
      endocarditis. Sequels, relapses or reinfections occurred in 11 (25%), and 30
      (70%) had an uneventful course. From this unstructured material no definite
      conclusions can be drawn. However, the lower mortality rate in the cloxacillin
      group suggests this regimen to be superior. The addition of other antibiotics did
      not appear to influence the clinical outcome. There was a more favourable outcome
      in addicts than in non-addicts, despite the same general principles of antibiotic
      treatment. Thus, for the outcome the characteristics of the patient group seemed
      to have more influence than the choice of antibiotic treatment.

PMID- 6589755
TI  - Monitoring antimicrobial therapy in bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 6589756
TI  - Therapy of staphylococcal septicaemia in compromised hosts.
AB  - Despite advances in antibiotic therapy, infection remains one of the major causes
      of death in compromised patients, and the severity of the underlying disease
      often determines the outcome of the infectious disease. During a 5-year period
      (July 1, 1974--June 30, 1979), septicaemia was diagnosed in 604 patients admitted
      to Haukeland Hospital, and 175 (29%) of these patients died. 640 septic episodes
      occurred in the 604 patients, and 684 bacterial strains were isolated from the
      blood. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis accounted for 96
      (14%) and 45 (6.6%) of the causative strains, respectively. 85 patients had
      septicaemia caused by S. aureus and 40 by S. epidermidis. 19 (22.4%) patients
      with S. aureus septicaemia and 9 (22.5%) with S. epidermidis septicaemia died. 12
      of 21 (57%) patients with S. aureus or S. epidermidis septicaemia and underlying
      malignant disease died and only 16 of 104 (15%) patients with staphylococcal
      septicaemia and non-malignant disease. More than 96% of the S. aureus strains
      were susceptible to isoxazolylpenicillins, cephalothin, lincomycin or gentamicin,
      but only 18% to benzylpenicillin. The S. epidermidis strains were less
      susceptible to lincomycin and gentamicin. Single antibiotic treatment (a
      penicillin, cephalosporin or vancomycin) seemed as effective in staphylococcal
      septicaemia as combined penicillin/aminoglycoside therapy or other combinations.
      In compromised patients staphylococcal septicaemia is often fulminant, and
      antimicrobial therapy must be started as soon as specimens for microbiological
      cultures are obtained. So far, there is no clinical proof that antibiotic
      combination therapy is superior to single drug treatment. However, if penicillins
      can not be used or the response to single drug therapy is poor, combination
      therapy should be considered.

PMID- 6589757
TI  - Intensive care treatment in septic shock.
AB  - Deaths in septic shock continue to occur at a high frequency despite current
      treatment programs. However, the mortality can be substantially decreased with a
      close bedside attendance of patients at risk and if the patient is transferred to
      an intensive care unit for intensive treatment and monitoring as soon as shock is
      suspected or established. The treatment program consists of adequate antibiotic
      administration in combination with massive doses of steroids and aggressive
      infusion therapy supplemented with cardiovascular drugs according to the
      hemodynamic response to the initial treatment.

PMID- 6589758
TI  - Surgical intervention in staphylococcal endocarditis.
AB  - Uncomplicated endocarditis is cured by medical treatment at a rate of 80% (75% 5
      year survival rate). If incompensated, only 12% has shown to be curable without
      surgery. With valve replacement, on the other hand, the rate of success will be
      80%. Of those surgically treated cases, less than 10% will develop recrudescent
      infection. Left heart vegetations predict the risk of congestive heart failure
      and/or embolism. It is assumed that 7-10 days of efficient antibiotic therapy
      without effect should lead to surgery. We have made valve replacement in six
      cases during recent years in staphylococcal endocarditis. The main indication for
      operation was congestive heart failure, and the valve used was the Bjork-Shiley
      tilting disc. All patients had vegetations on the leaflets. One patient had a
      mitral insufficiency, and the other five had aortic insufficiency. Two cases were
      lost within four months after surgery. In general, indications for valve
      replacement are heart incompensation or vegetations on leaflets.

PMID- 6589759
TI  - Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in Denmark 1976-1981.
AB  - Clinical and bacteriological information on Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis
      from hospitals all over Denmark in the period 1976-1981 was reviewed in 119
      cases, 61 females and 58 males. Patient ages ranged from 16 days to 85 years,
      with a median age of 63 years. The overall mortality was 71%. The mortality
      correlated significantly with such factors as age, hospital-acquired infections
      and resistance to penicillin in infecting strains. Hospital-acquired infections
      occurred in 38% of the patients. The distribution of phage types among strains
      isolated from blood cultures from patients with endocarditis corresponded to that
      of strains from other septicaemia cases. Group I and group III strains and
      strains of the 94, 96 complex comprised 74% of the phage types of the present
      material. Infections of the skin were the most common portal of entry for the
      infecting strains. Apart from drug addicts, of which 11 cases were included,
      mortality did not correlate with the presence of any underlying diseases.

PMID- 6589760
TI  - Staphylococcus aureus septicaemia and endocarditis at the University Hospital in
      Lund 1976-1980.
AB  - During the period 1976-1980 Staphylococcus aureus was found in 265 blood cultures
      from 13 clinics for adult patients at Lund Hospital. Criteria of septicaemia were
      fulfilled in 169 patients, 65 had transient bacteremia and 31 cases were not
      evaluable. Concerning bacteriological data no Staphylococcus phage type dominated
      and strains resistant to antibiotics other than penicillin were very few. On the
      average 74% of the strains produced penicillinase with a successive increase
      during the study period. The incidence of septicaemia was highest in the decade
      61-70 years of age. In patients with hospital-acquired septicaemia (n = 99) the
      main portals of entry for infection were vascular and/or surgical wounds
      (confirmed by phage typing in 93%). Patients with community-acquired septicaemia
      (n = 70) often had skin lesions but only a few cultures were taken. Only 4
      patients were drug addicts. In 28 patients with no obvious portal of entry 14
      nasal cultures were performed. Eight of ten positive cultures showed the same
      strain in nares as in blood at onset of sepsis. Secondary infectious foci were
      most frequent (26%) in patients with community-acquired infection. Endocarditis
      were found in 19 patients, 11 were diagnosed at autopsy. In staphylococcal
      endocarditis the mortality was 68% compared to 10% in septicaemia without
      endocarditis. In septic shock, compromised hosts and in connection with chronic
      diseases the mortality rates were 39%, 26% and 29%, respectively.

PMID- 6589761
TI  - Staphylococcal septicaemia and endocarditis in 80 drug addicts. Aspects on
      epidemiology, clinical and laboratory findings and prognosis.
AB  - During 1965-1980, 80 intravenous drug addicts with staphylococcal septicaemia
      with or without endocarditis were admitted to the Roslagstulls Hospital. The mean
      age was 28.8 (range 16-57) years. 42 were females and 38 were males. Endocarditis
      was diagnosed in 36 of 80 (45%) and suspected in 18 of 80 (22.5%). Septicaemia
      alone was found in the remaining 26 patients (32.5%). The median interval between
      onset of disease and institution of adequate therapy for patients without
      endocarditis was four days and for endocarditis cases eight days. Most patients
      had septic toxic symptoms. Respiratory tract symptoms were most common in
      patients with tricuspid valve endocarditis. Tricuspid valve engagement,
      manifested as pulmonary septic embolism, was present in 33 of 36 (91.7%) of the
      episodes of endocarditis. Among these patients, murmurs were only present in 23.
      Haematuria was significantly more often found in patients with endocarditis than
      in other groups of patients. Otherwise, laboratory data could not differentiate
      between patients with or without endocarditis. The outcome was lethal in five
      patients (6.3%): Tricuspid endocarditis (one); left-sided endocarditis (two);
      suspected endocarditis and retrosternal abscess (one); septicaemia (one). An
      unfavourable outcome was correlated to patient's delay, severe underlying
      diseases and/or lack of co-operation. By 1983 another 12 of the patients had
      died, two of them from endocarditis and one from pneumonia.

PMID- 6589762
TI  - Staphylococcus epidermidis endocarditis and Staphylococcus epidermidis infection
      in an intensive care unit.
AB  - Staphylococcus epidermidis are the most common agents of prosthetic valve
      endocarditis (PVE). S. epidermidis isolated from the blood stream of patients
      with PVE are almost invariably multiple resistant to antibiotics. Antibiotic
      treatment alone gives unsatisfactory results and carries a mortality rate of 70
      80%. That is why early surgical treatment is recommended. S. epidermidis is a
      less common cause of endocarditis in non-surgical patients, accounting for
      approximately 5% of the cases, which are mostly patients with pre-existent
      valvular heart disease. Generally, isolates from the latter patients are
      sensitive to most antibiotics, and the mortality rate is considerably lower.
      Recently coagulase-negative staphylococci have emerged as causative agents of
      septicaemia in patients hospitalized in intensive care units. Especially
      premature infants of very low-birth weight (less than 1500 g) receiving
      parenteral nutrition appear to carry a high risk of acquiring this kind of
      septicaemia. Although the staphylococci isolated from the blood of these patients
      are the same as in patients with PVE, generally multiple resistant to
      antibiotics, prognosis is far better than in cases of PVE. In our study carried
      out in a neonatal intensive care unit, two risk factors for coagulase-negative
      staphylococcal septicaemia were identified. First, nearly 20% of parenteral
      nutrition fluids used in the unit were found to be contaminated with coagulase
      negative staphylococci, and a significant association was established between
      septicaemia and the infusion of contaminated fluids. Moreover, opsonization of
      staphylococci in infant serum proved to be severely deficient. Since host defence
      to staphylococci is dependent on optimal opsonization of these microorganisms,
      this defence may be severely compromised in the premature neonate.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6589763
TI  - Recognition of Staphylococcus aureus by human phagocytes. Signals and disguises
      of the bacterial surface.
AB  - Phagocytic cells provide the host its major defense against invasive
      Staphylococcus aureus, and the staphylococcal surface, by its influence on
      phagocyte recognition, is a primary determinant of the function of these cells.
      The peptidoglycan component of the cell wall plays a key role in both opsonic and
      chemotactic recognition, mediated by IgG, C3b, and C5a, respectively. While cell
      wall protein A inhibits opsonic recognition by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, it
      promotes an opsonin-independent mechanism of phagocytosis by human macrophages
      which possess cytophilic IgG. By masking cell wall-associated opsonic molecules,
      capsular polysaccharides inhibit recognition, a phenomenon that is overcome by
      specific anti-capsular antibodies. It is proposed that impaired phagocyte
      recognition is a basic element in the pathogenesis of staphylococcal
      endocarditis, and progress in the prevention and treatment of this infection may
      depend on understanding the basis for this host defense defect.

PMID- 6589764
TI  - The effect of staphylococcal peptidoglycan on polymorphonuclear leukocytes in
      vitro and in vivo.
AB  - The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to resist phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes (PMN) is thought to be an important virulence factor for this
      microorganism. We have studied the effect of peptidoglycan (PG) on PMN function
      in vitro, and on the induction of leukopenia in vivo. Phagocytosis and chemotaxis
      by human PMN were both inhibited in vitro by prior incubation with as little as
      2.5 micrograms PG/ml. Control PMN phagocytized 85% of added bacteria, while PMN
      treated with PG for 30 minutes phagocytized only 45% of the bacteria. Also, PG
      treated PMN did not migrate towards an attractant. Suppression of PMN function by
      PG could be abolished when PG was incubated with antiserum raised in rabbits
      against PG. PMN incubated with PG generated a burst in oxygen metabolism as
      measured by the emission of chemiluminescence. When PG (500 micrograms) was given
      to rats or guinea pigs, the animal developed an early leukopenia which paralleled
      a drop in blood pressure and in thrombocyte levels, and in the concentration of
      hemolytic complement. Leukopenia was less in animals treated with cobravenom; an
      agent known to deplete complement. Antihistaminics had no effect on the induction
      of leukopenia by PG. We conclude that PG may be at least partly responsible for
      leukopenia sometimes observed in patients with life-threatening staphylococcal
      infections, and this leukopenia might be due to a direct or indirect toxic effect
      of PG on the PMN.

PMID- 6589765
TI  - Experimental staphylococcal endocarditis: an overview.
AB  - In 1970 Freedman and co-workers presented a reproducible, simple and inexpensive
      animal model of endocarditis based on an insertion of an indwelling catheter
      inside the heart. Using this model a large body of information was accumulated
      from single or combined antibiotic treatment of experimental staphylococcal
      endocarditis in animals. The scope and limitations of this model relative to the
      experimental design is discussed, and future trends in experimental
      staphylococcal endocarditis research are pointed out.

PMID- 6589766
TI  - Serological diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus septicaemia and endocarditis by
      means of crossed immuno-electrophoresis.
AB  - The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were determined for serological
      diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis and septicaemia by means of
      crossed immuno-electrophoresis with intermediate gel. The antibody responses to
      S. aureus antigens in sera from 19 patients with S. aureus endocarditis and 51
      patients with S. aureus septicaemia were compared with findings in 30 patients
      with non-S. aureus endocarditis and 30 patients with non-S. aureus septicaemia.
      Two of 55 S. aureus antigens, no. 18 (cross-react serologically with cell wall
      teichoic acid) and no. 46 of the reference pattern, were useful for serological
      diagnosis. The precipitin score, taking into account both the total number of
      precipitins and their titres, was the most useful diagnostic criterion. The
      present method can be used in selected cases to discriminate between S. aureus
      and non-S. aureus endocarditis. In cases with septicaemia only a positive test is
      of clinical value.

PMID- 6589768
TI  - Inequities in health services in the Scandinavian countries. The First
      Scandinavian Symposium on Health Services Research. November 3-15, 1980, Tampere,
      Finland.

PMID- 6589767
TI  - Functional capacity of men born in 1906-10, 1926-30 and 1946-50. A basic report.
AB  - This interdisciplinary study aims at describing the functional capacity of men
      belonging to different generation cohorts. The development of methods for the
      assessment of functional capacity is also the purpose of the study. Functional
      capacity is defined as a hierarchy comprising physical, mental and social areas
      into which individuals can be placed depending on the levels of the assessed
      functions. The study also aims at analyzing environmental and individual factors
      which are assumed to cause variation in the levels of functions. The purpose of
      this first report is to describe the framework of the study, the methods and main
      results concerning differences between cohorts and occupational groups. The
      sampling frame consisted of the population register of Jyvaskyla town in January
      1981. The basic populations were men in three age groups, born in 1946-50, 1926
      30 and 1906-10. From each age group a systematic random sample of 250 men was
      made. Persons who had moved or died by the end of August 1981 or were living in
      institutions (6 men) were removed from the samples. The sample sizes were further
      randomly reduced so that the final samples consisted of 183, 188 and 176 men. At
      the time of the study the ages of the cohorts were 31-35, 51-55 and 71-75. The
      study included postal questionnaires, interviews and laboratory examinations. The
      basic questionnaire dealt with the background information, living conditions,
      life history, occupational history, social contracts and social participation,
      close human relations, use of time, health status and living habits. The second
      postal questionnaire dealing with psychic capacity included the following main
      items: life changes, self-realisation, personal trait anxiety, social fears,
      coping, self-respect, and the purpose of life. The basic questionnaire was
      checked in an interview when the subjects came for the laboratory examinations.
      The entrance interview also included questions about the most important events of
      previous 24 hours. In addition the subjects filled in a questionnaire on
      situational anxiety. The laboratory examinations included the following tests:
      cognitive capacity (4 tests), audiometry, speech understanding, visual tests,
      vibration threshold, posture control, reaction and movement time, tapping rate,
      leg extension velocity, anthropometric measurements, skin measurements, bone
      mineral density, physiotherapist's examination, physician's examination, blood
      analyses, isometric strength of muscles (5 muscles), anaerobic power, aerobic
      power and anaerobic threshold.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6589769
TI  - Making health services research more effective.

PMID- 6589770
TI  - Utilization rates for primary and emergency care at night and during week-ends.
      Some results from Denmark and Sweden.

PMID- 6589771
TI  - Inequities in short-stay somatic hospital care in Norway.

PMID- 6589772
TI  - Inequities in preventive programs for maternal and child health services.

PMID- 6589773
TI  - Explanations of social inequality: an approach to the problem.

PMID- 6589774
TI  - Causes of differences in utilization of health services.

PMID- 6589775
TI  - Inequalities in health: an economic comment.

PMID- 6589776
TI  - General aspects of inequities in health and health services.

PMID- 6589777
TI  - Panel discussion: Health services research in the 1980's: organization and
      possibilities for inter-Nordic cooperation.

PMID- 6589778
TI  - Twenty-four year old Caucasian female with large pelvic mass.

PMID- 6589779
TI  - Tularemia with unusual laboratory characteristics in South Dakota children.

PMID- 6589780
TI  - Biotechnology's regulatory tangle.

PMID- 6589781
TI  - [Effect of a change in the lateral inclination of the working occlusal facet on
      the path of mandibular movements in the final phase of the chewing stroke during
      mastication].

PMID- 6589782
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of complete composite resin crowns on primary anterior
      teeth].

PMID- 6589783
TI  - [Cases of impacted teeth in complete denture wearers (1). 2 cases of impacted
      lower 3rd molar].

PMID- 6589784
TI  - [Antibacterial activity of plastic restorative materials].

PMID- 6589785
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of fluorescein deposition on oral epithelium].

PMID- 6589786
TI  - Acute myelogenous leukemia in pregnancy.
AB  - The experience with acute myelogenous leukemia treated with newer
      chemotherapeutic agents during pregnancy is limited. We have reported the case of
      a mother treated during the 24th week of pregnancy, and her infant delivered in
      the 29th week. At 14 months the infant is of low height and weight, but has a
      normal head circumference and developmental parameters.

PMID- 6589787
TI  - Observations on the Menkes' and brindled mouse phenotypes in cell hybrids.
AB  - Somatic cell fusion was used to study the genetic defect in Menkes' disease and
      in the brindled mouse mutant. Eight hybrids derived from fusion of Menkes'
      fibroblasts with HeLa cells and 11 hybrids between a brindled mouse fetal cell
      line and a mouse A9 cell were studied. The hybrids showed copper isotope uptake
      intermediate between the mutant and nonmutant lines and copper isotope efflux
      similar to that of the nonmutant parent. These results indicate that
      complementation studies between the mutants should be possible.

PMID- 6589788
TI  - Quantitative phenotypic variation in single normal and malignant cells from liver
      and breast occurs along a geometric series.
AB  - Single-cell variability in albumin content of normal rat hepatocytes and hepatoma
      cells and in a specific breast surface antigen content in normal and malignant
      human mammary epithelial cells was studied by a quantitative immunoperoxidase
      method. The range of variability was nearly 10-fold for both normal and malignant
      cells. This wide range of single cell heterogeneity was generated very rapidly in
      clonal colonies of less than 30 hepatoma cells. By a grid test for periodicity
      that we devised, and also by Fourier transform analysis, the distribution of
      albumin content in single hepatocytes and hepatoma cells, and of a breast surface
      antigen content in normal and malignant breast cells, was shown to be
      discontinuous, where the cells distributed with a periodicity that fit a
      geometric series, of which consecutive values differed by a factor of square root
      2. The fit to this geometric series was best for normal cells. Significant
      quantal shifts occurred at a high rate (greater than 10(-2) per cell per
      generation) and to higher and lower levels with equal probability. These results
      demonstrate that geometric phenotypic variability is a normal phenomenon and
      should be taken into account when studying gene regulation and population
      dynamics.

PMID- 6589789
TI  - Analysis of variability in albumin content of sister hepatoma cells and a model
      for geometric phenotypic variability (quantitative shift model).
AB  - A model (quantitative shift model) is presented that can account for the
      phenomenon termed geometric phenotypic variability in which quantitative
      variation occurs along a square root 2-fold geometric series. The model is based
      on data for variability in albumin content in hepatoma cells and has three basic
      assumptions: (i) The albumin genes on each chromosome are active and under
      independent quantitative regulation. (ii) The rate of albumin gene transcription
      per cell is the sum of the rates of transcription of the genes of each
      chromosome. (iii) The mechanism that controls the rate of transcription is highly
      variable so that at each cell cycle there is a high probability (P = 0.1-0.3)
      that on the newly synthesized chromatid the rate of transcription of the albumin
      gene will be different from that of the old chromatid. However, if the rate is
      different, it will usually be either half or twice the levels of the old
      chromatid. A computer program was developed based on the model that can generate
      quantitative diversity in single cells that mimics the pattern of variability in
      albumin content between sister hepatoma cells, among cells in clonal colonies,
      and in cell populations where the periodicities in single-cell distributions are
      compared by Fourier transform analysis. It was determined that the rate of
      phenotypic variability is indirectly proportional to the magnitude of the
      quantitative shift in albumin content and that it can be as high as 0.3 per cell
      per generation. Also, the square root 2 factor in geometric phenotypic
      variability appears to be an average of a family of values and not the actual
      value of the smallest quantal shift.

PMID- 6589790
TI  - Chromosomal assignments of human genes for serine proteases trypsin, chymotrypsin
      B, and elastase.
AB  - The genes for the serine proteases trypsin, chymotrypsin B, and elastase were
      chromosomally assigned in man using cDNA probes that have been isolated from a
      rat pancreatic cDNA library. DNA from human X rodent somatic cell hybrids was
      cleaved with BamHI or EcoRI and analyzed by Southern filter hybridization methods
      for the segregation of the genes for trypsin-1 (TRY1), chymotrypsin B (CTRB), and
      elastase-1 (ELA1). TRY1 was assigned to human chromosome 7q22----qter, CTRB to
      chromosome 16, and ELA1 to chromosome 12. Although the three genes are members of
      the same gene family, they are dispersed over different chromosomes.

PMID- 6589792
TI  - Human globin gene expression in hybrid 2S MEL X human fibroblast cells.
AB  - A somatic cell hybrid line, called M11-X, was developed in order to study the
      expression and regulation of the human beta-like globin genes in a mouse
      erythroid environment. M11-X cells were obtained by fusing the human fibroblast
      cell line GM3552 (which contains the translocation chromosome t(11;X) that
      carries the human beta-like globin genes) with hypoxanthine
      phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) -negative tetraploid (2S) mouse erythroleukemia
      (MEL) cells. After induction with 5 mM hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA), these
      cells contain approximately 300-600 copies per cell of correctly initiated,
      processed, and terminated human beta-globin mRNA; however, neither human epsilon-
      nor gamma-globin mRNAs were detected. Carboxymethylcellulose chromatography
      followed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting revealed
      that normal human beta-globin protein was also present. These results suggest
      that the human beta-globin gene, when present in mouse erythroid cells, can be
      transcribed and its mRNA translated into normal products, but at a much lower
      level than the mouse beta-globin genes. Analysis of the frequency of cytosine
      methylation near the human gamma-globin genes indicated that these genes are
      heavily methylated in M11-X cells. The inability to express the human gamma
      globin genes of these cells might be accounted for, at least in part, by DNA
      methylation.

PMID- 6589791
TI  - Chromosomal assignments of genes for trypsin, chymotrypsin B, and elastase in
      mouse.
AB  - The mouse genes for the serine proteases trypsin (Try-1), chymotrypsin B (Ctrb),
      and elastase (Ela-1) were chromosomally assigned using Southern blot
      hybridization of mouse X Chinese hamster cell hybrid DNA. cDNA probes for the
      three genes were hybridized to cell hybrid DNA cleaved with BamHI or HindIII and
      the segregation of Try-1, Ctrb, and Ela-1 was correlated with the segregation of
      mouse chromosomes. Try-1 is located on chromosome 6, Ctrb is on chromosome 8, and
      Ela-1 is on chromosome 15. The three genes fall into three syntenic groups that
      are conserved in the mouse and human genomes.

PMID- 6589793
TI  - Expression of fragile X chromosome in human-rodent somatic cell hybrids.
AB  - The fragile X chromosome, associated with a common form of X-linked mental
      retardation, is cytologically observed most often as a gap or fragile site near
      the distal end of the long arm in band Xq28. Expression of this site is variable
      and dependent upon lowered thymidylate pools. In order to examine the behavior of
      this fragile site in a foreign genetic background, interspecific somatic cell
      hybrids were isolated from crosses of hamster cells and lymphoblastoid cells
      derived from male patients with fragile X-linked mental retardation. Three hybrid
      cell lines containing the human X chromosome were analyzed. Following induction
      with 5-fluorodeoxyuridine, all three hybrids expressed the fragile site in
      approximately 10% of the metaphases examined. Our data indicate that expression
      of the fragile site in band Xq27 is dependent neither on the integrity of the
      human genome nor on the expression of human autosomal genes.

PMID- 6589794
TI  - Relationships between genes on human chromosome 11 encoding cell-surface
      antigens.
AB  - Genes encoding seven monoclonal antibody-defined cell-surface antigens have been
      regionally mapped on human chromosome 11, and compared to those of the AL complex
      defined by polyclonal antibodies using mutational analysis. MIC1, encoding W6/34
      antigen, is probably identical to S1, previously mapped to 11pter-p13. MDU1 and
      MIC8, encoding 4F2 and TRA-1.10 antigens, respectively, are probably identical to
      S2(a4) and map to 11q13-q22. MIC9, which governs expression of 4D12 and 2E2
      antigens, and maps to 11q22-qter, is not related to any of the five AL genes.
      MIC4 and MIC11, both mapping to 11pter-p13, may have some relationship to S3 and
      S1, respectively, but identity has not been proven.

PMID- 6589796
TI  - Case report. Anaphylactic reaction to methohexitone sodium.

PMID- 6589795
TI  - Timing of mutation-fixation events in ethyl methane sulfonate-treated Chinese
      hamster cells.
AB  - Exposure of single Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to the mutagen, ethyl
      methane sulfonate, produces two types of mutant colonies lacking glucose-6
      phosphate dehydrogenase activity: colonies uniformly deficient in enzyme
      activity, and mosaic colonies containing both mutant and nonmutant cell
      phenotypes in various relative proportions and sectored patterns (1/8, 1/4, 1/2).
      We find that the relative size of the mutant sector in these mosaic colonies
      primarily reflects the cell division at which the mutation was genetically fixed.
      Thus, the mutation-fixation event occurs before the first cell division in 1/2
      sector and pure mutant colonies, between the first and second divisions for 1/4
      sectors, and between the second and third divisions for 1/8 sectors. Delay in the
      formation of mutations could also explain the phenomenon of "mutation expression
      time" which is observed when drug resistance is used to select for mutants.
      Colony sectoring offers for the first time in mammalian cells the opportunity to
      observe an agent's effect on the timing of the mutational process.

PMID- 6589798
TI  - Do dental general practice residency programs train competent generalists?

PMID- 6589797
TI  - Drugs and the elderly.

PMID- 6589799
TI  - Access program reaches the elderly.

PMID- 6589800
TI  - Dental students' self-assessed competence in treating geriatric patients.

PMID- 6589801
TI  - The evolution of hospital dental department to health care provider.

PMID- 6589802
TI  - Changes in the cycle of life-style and aging: implications for health promotion.

PMID- 6589803
TI  - Infraocclusion of primary molars. An epidemiological, familial, longitudinal
      clinical and histological study.
AB  - The aims of this thesis were to estimate the prevalence and familial tendencies
      of infraocclusion of primary molars and analyse the effect of extraction on
      occlusal development, and to characterise histologically the ankylosis in
      infraoccluded primary molars and recommend guidelines for treatment. The thesis
      is based on five investigations. In the prevalence and familial studies, 1059
      children and 138 first-degree sibs were investigated. The three longitudinal
      clinical studies comprised 215 primary molars in infraocclusion and the children
      were subjected to clinical and radiographic examination and analysis of model
      casts every six months. The histological study comprised 62 teeth in
      infraocclusion and 40 in normal positions. In addition, bone biopsies were
      analysed histologically and by enzyme histochemical methods. The prevalence of
      infraocclusion of primary molars was found to be age-related and was
      significantly higher in sibs than in the studied population, which indicates a
      familial tendency. Infraoccluded primary molars with a successor present
      generally exfoliated normally. The permanent successors usually erupted six
      months later than on the normal contralateral side. Extraction of primary molars
      in infraocclusion meant definite space loss in some cases. With aplasia of the
      successor, the infraoccluded tooth did not exfoliate within the normal time range
      and the root resorption was found to be very slow, especially after 12-13 years
      of age. Very few of the previously reported negative effects of non-treatment of
      primary molars in infraocclusion on exfoliation, eruption and occlusal
      development could be confirmed in this study. Most infraoccluded primary molars
      were ankylosed histologically. No differences were found in the bone biopsies
      from the infraoccluded and control group. The results indicate that ankylosis in
      infraoccluded primary molars is not a static condition but part of a remodelling
      process following normal resorption of the roots. The general treatment policy
      should be to wait for normal exfoliation of infraoccluded primary molars to take
      place if the permanent successor is present and in cases with aplasia consider
      the aplasia per se, the degree of primary root resorption and the risk of
      progression of the infraocclusion.

PMID- 6589804
TI  - Long-term development after treatment of mandibular dysfunction and
      osteoarthrosis. A clinical-radiographic follow-up and an animal experimental
      study.
AB  - The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the long-term development of signs
      and symptoms in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain/dysfunction
      after treatment, to analyse factors of importance for the long-term prognosis, to
      evaluate TMJ radiography in these disorders and to develop a model for
      experimental joint lesions where also the effects of intra-articular injections
      of corticosteroid and hyaluronic acid in such joint lesions were studied. Signs
      and symptoms of dysfunction in the patients treated for TMJ pain/dysfunction were
      few at the follow-up and significantly reduced compared with the findings at the
      start of treatment. Less than one fifth of the patients had had recurrent
      symptoms of some significance. Poor general health was found to have a negative
      influence on the prognosis. Few correlations were found between occlusal factors
      and dysfunction. In patients with extremely long periods of treatment
      psychosocial factors were evident. The long-term prognosis of TMJ osteoarthrosis
      was as good as for neuromuscular problems but crepitation often persisted at the
      follow-up. Radiographic abnormalities of structure and shape of the TMJ generally
      of a small extent were frequent in patients with TMJ pain/dysfunction both in
      those examined during the treatment period and in those only radiographed at the
      follow-up. Findings were frequent also in patients treated for mainly mandibular
      (neuromuscular) dysfunction. At the follow-up a slight increase in number and
      extent of abnormalities were found. Signs and symptoms of dysfunction showed poor
      correlation with the radiographic findings. Decreased number of occluding pair of
      teeth, as well as crepitation, was however positively correlated to abnormalities
      of structure and shape. The intra-articular injection of papain in guinea-pig
      knee-joints constantly resulted in development of joint lesions with individual
      variations. Treatment of such joint lesions with corticosteroid and hyaluronic
      acid had little influence on the overall lesions, but the results indicate that
      hyaluronic acid inhibit granulation tissue formation and development of deviation
      in shape of the joint components.

PMID- 6589805
TI  - [Dermatoglyphic characteristics in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 6589806
TI  - Effects of prostaglandins E1, E2, and F2 alpha on mucin secretion from human
      bronchi in vitro.
AB  - The effects of three prostaglandins on the output of 35S labelled mucus
      glycoproteins (mucins), from explants of human bronchial tissue suspended in
      Ussing chambers, have been investigated. Prostaglandin F2 alpha, added to the
      Krebs-Henseleit solution bathing both luminal and submucosal sides of the tissue,
      significantly increased mucin output at concentrations of 0.1 and 1.0
      micrograms/ml (0.28 and 2.8 microM), 11 preparations being used for each dose.
      Since prostaglandin F2 alpha has been shown to be released from human airways
      challenged by antigen, it may be important in the regulation of mucus secretion
      in these circumstances. Prostaglandins E1 and E2 had no significant effects on
      mucin output even at the highest concentration (1.0 micrograms/ml), though in
      half the tissues tested PGE2 stimulated secretion consistently. These results
      contrast with the findings in a previous study, which showed an inhibition of
      mucin output by PGE2.

PMID- 6589807
TI  - Reduce your taxes and retain employees with a simplified pension plan.

PMID- 6589809
TI  - HLA-A, -B and -DR antigens in IgA nephropathy.
AB  - Fifty-six Irish patients with IgA Nephropathy were typed for HLA-A and -B
      antigens. Forty-six were typed for HLA-DR antigens. The frequencies of these
      antigens did not differ significantly from the frequency in the general
      population. The influence of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of this disease
      remains uncertain.

PMID- 6589808
TI  - Anti-type II collagen antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. The influence of HLA
      phenotype.
AB  - Antibodies to native chick and bovine Type II collagen were measured by radio
      immunoassay, in 83 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and 14 normal controls.
      Anti-chick Type II collagen and anti-bovine Type II collagen antibodies were
      found in 48% and 43% of RA patients, respectively. A strong correlation of
      antibodies to chick and antibodies to bovine collagen was described, suggesting
      cross-reactivity between different collagen species. There was an association
      between the presence of anti-native Type II collagen antibody and the expression
      of HLA-DR2. It is suggested that the production of anti-collagen antibody may be
      under genetic control in RA, but not associated with the major genetic marker of
      disease susceptibility, HLA-DR4.

PMID- 6589810
TI  - Distribution of HLA-A,B alleles in 13 panels of blood donors in France.
AB  - In this study, we analysed 13 samples of the French population--4147 non-related
      individuals living in Bordeaux, Brest, Caen, Dijon, Limoges, Lyon, Marseille,
      Nancy, Paris, Poitiers, Rennes, Strasbourg and Toulouse--all of whom were typed
      for 10 alleles of the HLA-A locus and 16 alleles of the HLA-B locus. The results
      showed a strong heterogeneity (chi 2 = 675.13 for 324 df, p less than 10(5)). A
      diagram has been drawn up, showing the matrix of genetic distances obtained
      thanks to the B2 of Balkrishnan & Sanghvi (1968). This diagram enables us to
      envisage the hypothesis of 6 homogeneous clusters. A partition of chi 2 was used
      to test this 6 luster hypothesis: Paris and Caen (p = 0.98); Nancy, Strasbourg (p
      less than 5%); Rennes, Brest (p less than 1%); Dijon, Lyon, Marseille (p = 0.89);
      Limoges, Poitiers (p = 0.18); Toulouse, Bordeaux (p less than 10(-5)). The
      heterogeneity within these clusters represents only 1/43 of the total
      heterogeneity.

PMID- 6589811
TI  - Study of the HLA system in the Haitian population.
AB  - The HLA-A and HLA-B phenotypes of 329 unrelated Haitian adults were determined
      and gene and haplotype frequencies were estimated. A summary of the data is
      presented together with a brief comparison with American Black, American White,
      and African Black populations. HLA gene and haplotype frequencies of Haitians are
      quite similar to those for American Blacks. The frequency of Aw34 appears to be
      smaller in Haitians than in American and African Blacks. No statistically
      significant differences were found in the frequencies of B-locus antigens.

PMID- 6589812
TI  - The gene frequency of SB alleles in the Japanese population.
AB  - The gene frequency (+/- SD) of SB alleles was estimated in the Japanese
      population as follows: SB1 0.00, SB2 0.195 +/- 0.027, SB3 0.070 +/- 0.017, SB4
      0.091 +/- 0.019, SB5 0.335 +/- 0.034 and SB blank 0.308 +/- 0.035. The absence of
      SB1 allele, decrease of SB4 allele and increase of SB5 allele are characteristic
      features of the SB system in the Japanese population as compared with Caucasians.

PMID- 6589814
TI  - [Regional characteristics of the tissue oxygen regimen in the maxillofacial
      area].

PMID- 6589813
TI  - [Functional changes in the organic and systemic microcirculation in spontaneous
      periodontal lesions in dogs].

PMID- 6589815
TI  - [Effect of surgical trauma and a disorganized mimetic musculature on cranial
      development in an experiment].

PMID- 6589816
TI  - [Use of thymalin in treating severe forms of inflammatory diseases of the
      maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6589817
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the intercellular contacts in the developing enamel organ].

PMID- 6589818
TI  - [Clinical diagnostic methods in the initial forms of caries].

PMID- 6589819
TI  - [Morphological changes in the pulp, dentin and cement of irradiated intact
      teeth].

PMID- 6589820
TI  - [Determination of preparation effectiveness for preventing caries].

PMID- 6589821
TI  - [Cytochemical characteristics of the peripheral blood neutrophils in
      periodontosis].

PMID- 6589822
TI  - [Neutrophil activity of the blood and oral cavity in patients with maxillofacial
      phlegmon treated with hyperbaric oxygenation].

PMID- 6589823
TI  - [Functional kidney disorders in patients with face and neck phlegmon].

PMID- 6589824
TI  - [Practical introduction of the results of scientific research in the field of
      functional diagnosis and laser therapy of stomatological diseases].

PMID- 6589825
TI  - [Immunological disorders and their correction with thymalin in the surgical
      treatment of patients with 1st and 2nd branchial arch syndromes].

PMID- 6589826
TI  - [Anaerobic infection of the face and neck].

PMID- 6589827
TI  - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of using calcitrin in treating patients with
      mandibular fractures].

PMID- 6589828
TI  - [Changes in the mandible in hyperparathyroid osteodystrophy].

PMID- 6589829
TI  - [Characteristics of the clinical course of the focal form of chronic mandibular
      osteomyelitis].

PMID- 6589830
TI  - [Physiotherapy in the combined treatment of cervicofacial actinomycosis].

PMID- 6589831
TI  - [Expediency of ligation of the external carotid or the main trunk of the lingual
      artery during surgery for cancer of the oral cavity organs].

PMID- 6589832
TI  - [Profilograms of the dentition and bite].

PMID- 6589833
TI  - [Prosthetic characteristics of wedge-shaped dental defects].

PMID- 6589834
TI  - [Method of extracting retained teeth].

PMID- 6589835
TI  - [Effect of a cariogenic diet and hyperthyroidism on the ultrastructural formation
      of the incisor enamel and dentin in rats].

PMID- 6589836
TI  - [Variants in attaching the gingiva to the alveolar process of the jaw in
      children].

PMID- 6589837
TI  - [Prevention of dental caries in schoolchildren and students using preparations
      with remineralizing action].

PMID- 6589838
TI  - [Use of the International Histological Classification of Tumors in the teaching
      of oral surgery].

PMID- 6589839
TI  - [Organizational and methodological recommendations for teaching military medicine
      to dental students].

PMID- 6589840
TI  - [Ideas on the development of a center for continued professional education in
      dentistry in the GDR].

PMID- 6589841
TI  - [Regional changes in the chemical composition in the mandible after tongue
      resection. 1: The tongue as a stimulator of craniofacial growth].

PMID- 6589842
TI  - [A gingival dressing with exclusive use of the materials registered in the 2nd
      Pharmacopeia of the GDR].

PMID- 6589844
TI  - [Suction equipment for cutting, grinding and polishing procedures].

PMID- 6589843
TI  - [Epidemiologic study of mid-face fractures].

PMID- 6589845
TI  - [X-ray control during root canal therapy. A case report].

PMID- 6589846
TI  - [Prevention as a complex treatment strategy in the dental care of adults].

PMID- 6589847
TI  - [Materials science studies of the veneering plastics Superpont C+B and Vita K+B
      after hydraulic-pneumatic heat polymerization].

PMID- 6589848
TI  - [The X-ray visit].

PMID- 6589849
TI  - [Problems in the formation of social relations between dentists and patients].

PMID- 6589850
TI  - [Occlusal diagnosis and grinding therapy].

PMID- 6589851
TI  - [Facial skeletal injuries from the forensic viewpoint. Analyses of the autopsy
      material and a new proposal for fracture classification].

PMID- 6589852
TI  - [Automated documentation in periodontology. Automated survey of anamnesis].

PMID- 6589853
TI  - [Continuing and graduate education in periodontology].

PMID- 6589854
TI  - [Preservation and adaptation of a horizontally impacted molar. An interesting
      case].

PMID- 6589855
TI  - New light on the Muller cell.
AB  - The fluorescent phenanthridinium dye, ethidium bromide, selectively penetrates
      Muller cells. Since the dye has a marked affinity for nucleic acid, the nucleus
      stands out brilliantly when retinal tissue sections are viewed in the
      fluorescence microscope. The monoazide derivative of ethidium bromide is known to
      have nucleic acid binding properties similar to those of the parent compound. On
      this basis a plan for photoaffinity labelling is put forward. Its relationship to
      the problem of the genesis of the electroretinogram is discussed.

PMID- 6589856
TI  - Simulation of the conditions of gyrate atrophy in vitro suppresses retinal
      protein synthesis.
AB  - The effect of ornithine on retinal protein synthesis was evaluated using isolated
      baboon retinas maintained in vitro. When ornithine was present in the culture
      medium at a concentration equivalent to the plasma level of ornithine in gyrate
      atrophy patients (1 mM), the incorporation of 3H-leucine was reduced to 70 per
      cent of control levels. Progressively higher concentrations of ornithine resulted
      in a further suppression of protein synthesis. Soluble radioactivities after
      short incubation times from control and ornithine cultured retina were similar
      indicating no effect of ornithine on uptake of 3H-leucine. Grain counts in
      autoradiographs of control and ornithine-treated retinas revealed a suppression
      of incorporation in all retinal strata. These results suggest that elevated
      ornithine levels may suppress ongoing protein synthesis in the retina.

PMID- 6589857
TI  - Retinal rhythms in photoreceptors and dopamine synthetic rate: and the effect of
      a monoamineoxidase inhibitor.
AB  - Autophagic degradation (AV) in rod inner segments undergoes a circadian rhythm
      that is dependent on light stimulation, being abolished in constant darkness, but
      persisting with dampened amplitude in constant light and reentrained after phase
      shifts of the light--dark cycle. AV activity can be stimulated by light in vivo
      and in vitro. The monoamineoxidase type A inhibitor drug clorgyline phase delays
      the circadian rest-activity cycle. Clorgyline did not phase delay the rhythms of
      AV nor of disk-shedding, but significantly reduced AV rhythm amplitude. A rhythm
      of retinal dopamine (DA) level and synthetic rate persists in constant darkness,
      thus demonstrating the circadian nature of this rhythm. The existence of an
      endogenous rhythm of a putative retinal neurotransmitter may indicate some basic
      regulatory function of the DA system. Moreover, DA level and synthetic rate were
      significantly increased by clorgyline. Thus, the drug-induced reduction of
      retinal morphological parameters to light stimulation is paralleled by an
      increase of retinal DA levels. A functional relationship between the retinal DA
      system and photoreceptor metabolism remains to be established.

PMID- 6589858
TI  - Abnormal photoreceptors in a dog with a delayed progressive retinal atrophy.

PMID- 6589859
TI  - The fate of the phagosome: conversion to 'age pigment' and impact in human
      retinal pigment epithelium.
AB  - Phagosomes are converted to phagolysosomes and then to residual bodies (also
      known as lipofuscin granules or age pigment). Lipofuscin granules of retinal
      pigment epithelial (RPE) cells of single human eyes were isolated and analysed
      for enzyme content and fluorescence spectra. The granules are low in lysosomal
      enzymes and they fluoresce yellow-gold. Thin layer chromatography reveals several
      separable constituents. Lipofuscin granules accumulate with age, the largest
      increase occurring after the first decade of life in humans. Macular RPE cells
      accumulate granules more than non-macular cells.

PMID- 6589860
TI  - Cell dysfunction in inherited blindness.
AB  - Inherited disorders that cause blindness in animals and humans may share common
      cellular and biochemical abnormalities. The initial pathology of the disorders
      will be first apparent in the cell type that expresses the mutant gene or in its
      neighbours that depend upon its functional, metabolic or structural activities.
      The interdependence of the retinal receptors, pigment epithelium and choroid have
      been discussed in terms of their specialized functions and the possibility that
      specific abnormalities in the respective cel types can be identified by
      pathological changes in the affected cell or by disruptive changes in the
      integrity of their nearest neighbours. Examples from genetic, morphological and
      biochemical studies of animals disorders are presented in light of their possible
      relevance to an understanding of Retinitis Pigmentosa.

PMID- 6589861
TI  - The relationship between retinal pigment epithelium and the choriocapillaris.
AB  - Absence of the choriocapillaris (CC) was observed histopathologically in human
      eyes with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). It was noted in areas where the overlying
      retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) was absent. Analysis of our material, as well as
      a review of the literature dealing with RP and related entities, as well as a
      number of other fundus disorders, suggested that the disappearance of the CC is
      secondary to REP degeneration. An experimental model using intravenous sodium
      iodate produced a similar sequence of events in the rabbit. We suggest that the
      RPE modulates structure and function of the CC. There is possibly a diffusable
      biochemical vascular modulation factor (VMF) which is required for normal CC
      fenestrae formation and maintenance, which is liberated by the normal RPE, and
      acts upon the vascular endothelium. Lack of VME causes the endothelium to lose
      its fenestrae and the vessel to occlude. This RPE-CC interaction is a further
      facet of the RPE which requires exploration in depth.

PMID- 6589862
TI  - Retinal degenerations in the dog and cat as models for retinitis pigmentosa.

PMID- 6589863
TI  - Visual pigment levels in retinitis pigmentosa.
AB  - A broad-field imaging fundus reflectometer was used to determine the levels of
      visual pigment and their relationship to rod-mediated sensitivity in 3 patients
      with autosomal dominantly inherited retinitis pigmentosa. In each case the loss
      of sensitivity could be accounted for wholly by the decreased probability of
      light absorption by the rod photoreceptors resulting from the decreased levels of
      rhodopsin they contained. In contrast, in a subject whose night blindness was due
      to vitamin A deficiency, the large sensitivity loss was accompanied by a
      relatively small reduction in the rhodopsin level.

PMID- 6589864
TI  - DNA probes in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.
AB  - Informative members of more than twenty families with X-linked retinitis
      pigmentosa have been sampled by venipuncture and DNA extracted from peripheral
      blood leucocytes and lymphoblastoid cell lines. X chromosome-specific recombinant
      DNA probes have been isolated from an X chromosomal genomic DNA library obtained
      by flow-sorting human chromosomes. These, and similar probes obtained from other
      laboratories, are being used to identify restriction fragment length
      polymorphisms in retinitis pigmentosa obligate heterozygotes. By analysis of
      linkage relationships in the offspring of double heterozygotes, it may be
      possible to localize the gene(s) responsible for this disorder to a particular
      subregion of the X-chromosome. Such probes are potentially useful for carrier
      detection and prenatal diagnosis.

PMID- 6589865
TI  - The value of rational biopsy. Tissue culture of chorioretinal biopsies.
AB  - Although tissue biopsies for diagnosis have been an integral part of the
      development of many medical areas, progress has been restricted in the case of
      chorioretinal disease because of the inherent risks involved in such surgery. The
      recent advances in microsurgery of the eye, and in vitreoretinal surgery in
      particular, have provided the impetus to develop a safe technique for retinal
      biopsy and to look for diagnostic and therapeutic indications.

PMID- 6589867
TI  - Retinal adhesion.
AB  - The development of retinal adhesion after coagulation has been investigated by
      the use of an experimental model of detachment in which fluid is injected into
      the retinal pigment interface. This adhesion, which varied from day to day in a
      predictable manner was low on the third day. The possible reasons for this are
      discussed.

PMID- 6589866
TI  - The induction of retinal detachment.
AB  - The induction of retinal detachment is dependent upon several factors whose
      relative importance remains controversial. These factors are retinal breaks,
      often associated with vitreous traction, inertial forces and changes in
      chorioretinal adhesion. Retinal breaks may be classified as holes, tears and
      dialyses. The relation to the vitreous base is an important prognostic indicator.
      Once a retinal break has occurred, inertial forces disturb the normal vitreo
      retinal association. At that point, the development of a clinical detachment also
      depends upon loosening of the normal chorioretinal adhesion. Myopia and aphakia
      are important predisposing factors. The presence of preretinal membranes is a
      precipitating factor for recurrent retinal detachment. The high success rate of
      current surgical techniques (85 per cent) is mainly related to a better
      understanding of the mechanisms leading to retinal detachment.

PMID- 6589868
TI  - Management of retinitis pigmentosa--summary.

PMID- 6589869
TI  - Changes in serum elements of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia before and
      during therapy.

PMID- 6589870
TI  - Monocytic leukemia in a horse.
AB  - On clinical examination, a six-year-old Hassian gray gelding with a history of
      impaired performance, slight cough, colic, and edema of the ventral abdomen,
      prepuce and the legs had reduced skin turgor, pale mucous membranes, forced
      costoabdominal breathing, reduced venous return, enlarged lymph nodes, and
      splenomegaly. Hematologic findings revealed anemia, leukocytosis and a high
      percentage of monocytoid leukemic cells. Generalized lymphadenopathy,
      splenomegaly, ascites, hydrothorax, and a diffusely thickened gut wall were found
      at necropsy. Massive infiltration with monocytoid leukemic cells was detected in
      lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, liver, gut wall, kidneys, and choroid plexus.
      Incubation of living cells obtained from a leukocyte concentrate with latex
      particles revealed phagocytosis in the leukemic cells on light and electron
      microscopy. The leukemic cells also had a marked alpha-naphthyl-acetate and
      naphthol-AS-acetate esterase activity, but were only weakly positive to naphthol
      AS-D-chloroacetate esterase. A very weak alkaline phosphatase activity only was
      demonstrated in a few leukemic cells. On scanning electron microscopy, the
      leukemic cells had prominent ruffles and ridge-like profiles. These features of
      the leukemic cells excluded lymphocytic and granulocytic leukemia, and monocytic
      leukemia was diagnosed.

PMID- 6589871
TI  - Report of an epidermoid bone cyst in a phalanx of a dog.

PMID- 6589872
TI  - [Survival and prognosis in adjuvant chemotherapy for osteogenic sarcoma
      patients].
AB  - The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival and prognosis in osteogenic
      sarcoma versus basic clinico-roentgenomorphological characteristics of tumor was
      studied in 108 cases. Prognosis was found to depend on patient's age, site and
      size of tumor, but mainly on the roentgeno-morphological pattern of the latter.
      Osteolytic form appeared to have a better course in cases of adjuvant
      chemotherapy. This was matched by osteoplastic form requiring surgical treatment
      only. The results suggest a strictly differentiated approach to selection of
      treatment modality, particularly in cases of post-operative chemotherapy.

PMID- 6589873
TI  - Accuracy of cholecystosonography with pathologic correlation.

PMID- 6589874
TI  - Legal issues in medical peer review.

PMID- 6589875
TI  - Cervical aortic arch: an unusual cause of a suprasternal notch thrill and
      diminished left arm pulse.

PMID- 6589876
TI  - Myxedema presenting as profound hypothermia-coma: a case report.

PMID- 6589877
TI  - [A kindergarten care program with scientific and epidemiologic aspects].

PMID- 6589879
TI  - [Reduced precious metal alloys from the manufacturers' viewpoint].

PMID- 6589878
TI  - [Modification of lipoprotein parameters in the initial phase of physical exercise
      in middle-aged cardiovascular patients].
AB  - The effect of a daily swimming-training of 20--30 minutes for four weeks (six
      times a week with intensities of 50--60% VO2 max) on the lipid and lipoprotein
      spectrum, respectively, was investigated in 40 elderly male patients in a heart
      circulatory cure (on an average 48,7 years old). At the beginning all patients
      had an HDL-cholesterol level lower than 0.91 mmol/l which rose significantly
      towards the end of the cure. LDL-cholesterol dropped significantly. The lipid
      index by Klimov and the quotient LDL-C/HDL-C descended at the end cure. The
      separation of the lipoproteine (Lp) by discelectrophoresis and the evaluation of
      their percentage showed a reduction of the beta-Lp and an increase of the alpha
      Lp coinciding with the lipid-data. The quotient beta-Lp/alpha-Lp also decreased
      significantly. In the apolipoproteins A and B statistically ensured alterations
      in concentrations could not be determined. The disproportional changes of the
      lipid- and protein-portions were referred to in the discussion. According to our
      results the lipid-portion of the Lp (especially LDL- and HDL-cholesterol)
      indicated the changes more sensitively than the apolipoproteins A and B. The data
      demonstrate the possibility of raising the HDL-cholesterol-level of elderly men
      by physical training.

PMID- 6589880
TI  - [Allergic aspects in the use of dental alloys].

PMID- 6589881
TI  - [Quality in Ni-Cr alloys].

PMID- 6589882
TI  - [Sugar substitutes are good--Xylitol is the best].

PMID- 6589883
TI  - [Implantology--an exciting word?].

PMID- 6589884
TI  - [Every 30th dentist uses a computer for practice management].

PMID- 6589885
TI  - [Damage to lingual nerve, its prevention and treatment].

PMID- 6589886
TI  - [Possibilities and limits of oral hygiene in pre-school children].

PMID- 6589887
TI  - [Iatrogenic nerve lesions due to dental treatment].

PMID- 6589888
TI  - [Attitude toward fluoridation of drinking water and the arguments of its
      opponents].

PMID- 6589889
TI  - [For the sake of the teeth: tooth-sparing sweets].

PMID- 6589890
TI  - [Clever working models, from which much can be learned].

PMID- 6589891
TI  - [Computers promote many appointments].

PMID- 6589892
TI  - [Transparencies allow real control of practice operations].

PMID- 6589893
TI  - [Decisions on office computers must be made by individual dentists].

PMID- 6589895
TI  - [Treatment of a long-standing oroantral fistula].

PMID- 6589894
TI  - [Preoperative treatment of newborns with cleft lip and palate (achievement
      principles)].

PMID- 6589896
TI  - [An oral antiseptic for marginal periodontitis].

PMID- 6589897
TI  - [Dentomobile in use since August. Introduction in Wiesbaden is a complete
      success].

PMID- 6589898
TI  - [Effective prevention for older age groups or: the "almost" wonder of Karlstad].

PMID- 6589899
TI  - [Replantation as a possibility in dental surgical conservation].

PMID- 6589900
TI  - [Possibilities and limits of oral hygiene for pre-school children].

PMID- 6589901
TI  - [Inflammation of pulp due to deep caries. 1].

PMID- 6589903
TI  - [Investment aids--taxes of private dentists after tax amendments].

PMID- 6589902
TI  - [Fluoride administration in various age groups].

PMID- 6589904
TI  - [Wound healing with sugar. 1].

PMID- 6589905
TI  - [Nitrous oxide in dentistry. A new direction in the state of the art].

PMID- 6589906
TI  - [Oral hygiene and nutrition as supplemental measures of fluoride use].

PMID- 6589907
TI  - [Wound healing with sugar. 2].

PMID- 6589909
TI  - [Dental documentary photography. 2].

PMID- 6589910
TI  - [Dental health can only be reached by prevention and dental costs allow only less
      prevention].

PMID- 6589908
TI  - [Inflammation of pulp due to deep caries. 2].

PMID- 6589911
TI  - [Traumatic luxation and intrusion in the deciduous dentition].

PMID- 6589912
TI  - [Implants as temporary space closures?].

PMID- 6589913
TI  - [Our daily water--not always a gift from heaven. New methods of hydrologic
      research].

PMID- 6589914
TI  - [Combined gilding and polishing equipment in relation to impulse galvanization].

PMID- 6589915
TI  - [Type B-131 light source in the dental-technical workplace].

PMID- 6589916
TI  - [Apical resection of molars--subtleties in the technic and results].

PMID- 6589917
TI  - [Effect of electrical toothbrushes and manual toothbrushes on oral hygiene in
      children].

PMID- 6589919
TI  - [Surgical management of hemangiomas in the oro-maxillo-facial region].

PMID- 6589918
TI  - [Reaction of the alveolar periodontium in the molar region to small and large
      mandibular displacements--an experimental study in adult Cercopithecus aethiops
      monkeys].

PMID- 6589920
TI  - [Jaw relation analysis in complete dentures].

PMID- 6589921
TI  - [Case report].

PMID- 6589922
TI  - [Case report].

PMID- 6589923
TI  - Cytologic detection of small pancreaticoduodenal and biliary cancers in the early
      developmental stage.
AB  - Employing pancreozymin-secretin stimulation and percutaneous transhepatic
      cholangiographic aspiration, cytologic examination for pancreaticoduodenal and
      biliary tract cancers was carried out in 763 patients, with 47 of 61 cancers
      cytologically detected (79%). The cancers detected included seven minute or small
      cancers less than 1.0 cm in maximum diameter, all of which were successfully
      surgically extirpated. The results indicate that diagnostic cytology contributed
      to the detection of cancers in these anatomic sites at an early developmental
      stage.

PMID- 6589924
TI  - Qualitative distinctive differences between the vacuoles of mesothelioma cells
      and of cells from metastatic carcinoma exfoliated in pleural fluid.
AB  - The qualitative features of the intracytoplasmic vacuoles occurring in the cells
      of pleural malignant mesothelioma and of metastatic carcinoma exfoliated in
      pleural fluid were studied. There were important differences in the two types of
      vacuoles. In mesotheliomas, the vacuoles were centrally situated, small and
      regular in size; these vacuoles stained positively with fat stains and always
      negatively with the periodic acid-Schiff stain. In routine cytology, these lipid
      containing vacuoles can best be seen in air-dried May-Grunwald-Giemsa-stained
      smears and are almost invisible in wet-fixed Papanicolaou-stained smears. In
      metastatic carcinoma, the vacuoles were irregular in size, noncentral in location
      and often positive with mucin stains. Electron microscopy was used in one case to
      further elucidate the staining patterns of the vacuoles. This study proves that
      the analysis of the qualitative features of vacuoles of malignant cells
      exfoliated in pleural fluid can be of great value in the distinction between
      metastatic carcinoma and mesothelioma.

PMID- 6589925
TI  - Exfoliative cytology of microinvasive squamous-cell carcinoma of the uterine
      cervix. A retrospective study of 42 cases.
AB  - The cervical scraping smears from 42 cases of microinvasive squamous-cell
      carcinoma of the uterine cervix with stromal invasion less than 3 mm were
      reviewed. Microinvasion could be suggested in approximately 60% of the cases by
      examination of the smears. The cytologic prediction of microinvasion was 14% in
      cases having stromal invasion less than 1 mm; it increased to 72.7% and 88.2%
      when stromal invasions were 1.1 to 2 mm and 2.1 to 3 mm in depth, respectively.

PMID- 6589926
TI  - Exfoliative cytology of in situ and microinvasive adenocarcinoma of the uterine
      cervix.
AB  - The histology and exfoliative cytology of 15 cases of adenocarcinoma in situ and
      5 cases of microinvasive adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix were reviewed. The
      exfoliative cytology in both groups showed no remarkable differences and
      consisted of large epithelial fragments, cellular strips, groups and isolated
      examples of malignant columnar cells situated in a necrotic-material-free
      background.

PMID- 6589927
TI  - Cytologic detection of Enterobius vermicularis and Strongyloides stercoralis in
      routine cervicovaginal smears and urocytograms.
AB  - Four cases of Enterobius vermicularis infection and one case of Strongyloides
      stercoralis infection were found during the examination of 22,700 routine
      Papanicolaou-stained cervicovaginal smears and 434 urinary sediments. Ova of E.
      vermicularis were observed in the urocytograms from three girls and in the
      vaginal smear of a young woman. In a second woman, a S. stercoralis larva was
      detected in the routine vaginal smear. A clear background or a mild inflammatory
      pattern was noted in the smears in these cases.

PMID- 6589928
TI  - Chlamydial infection in Papanicolaou-stained cervical smears.
AB  - Infection by Chlamydia trachomatis was frequently observed in routine cytologic
      smears studied for cancer detection. Seventy-three smears from 187 Chlamydia
      positive cases seen in a two-and-one-half-year period were reviewed to establish
      the relationship between C. trachomatis infection and the incidence of
      metaplastic and dysplastic cells. An inflammatory process with metaplastic cells
      was found in 72.6% of the smears and dysplastic cells in 16.4%. The Papanicolaou
      stain gave enough detail not only for the identification of the inclusions but
      also for the relation of different types of inclusions to the different stages of
      the life cycle of the microorganism.

PMID- 6589929
TI  - Role of scrape cytology in rapid intraoperative diagnosis. Value and limitations.
AB  - The diagnostic applications of frozen sections and imprint cytology are well
      known. A study was conducted to evaluate the role of scrape cytology, which is a
      modification of imprint cytology, in the rapid intraoperative diagnosis of
      tumors. For 249 surgical specimens studied by scrape cytology, the diagnostic
      accuracy was 98.4% and the false-positive rate was 0.4%. The method is rapid,
      easy, reliable and does not require special instruments or set ups. The
      diagnostic accuracy was better than reported for imprint cytology or frozen
      sections alone. Scrape cytology is advocated as a routine intraoperative
      procedure, especially where frozen section facilities are not available. While
      not meant as an alternative to frozen sections, scrape cytology can be an
      excellent adjunct to that technique.

PMID- 6589930
TI  - Mycosis fungoides cells in sputum. A case report.
AB  - Atypical lymphoid cells were identified in the sputum of a patient known to have
      mycosis fungoides. Although the lungs are the second most common organ to be
      affected when there is extracutaneous dissemination of mycosis fungoides, this is
      the first report of pulmonary involvement diagnosed by the cytologic
      identification of "mycosis cells" in the sputum.

PMID- 6589931
TI  - Primary intracranial epidermoid carcinoma.
AB  - The cytologic findings in the cerebrospinal fluid in a case of primary
      intracranial epidermoid carcinoma are presented. The presence of a few squamous
      cells showing hyaline cytoplasm compatible with keratinization suggested the
      possible nature of the tomographically observed lesion. These tumors may arise in
      congenital epidermoid cysts at the base of the brain. Because of their location
      and meningeal spread, such tumors may cause severe symptoms and death despite a
      minute size, as illustrated by this case.

PMID- 6589932
TI  - Asbestos bodies in fine needle aspirates of the lung.
AB  - Asbestos bodies, which are the hallmark of exposure to asbestos, were identified
      in cytologic preparations from fine needle aspirates of the lung in two
      individuals, one with considerable occupational exposure to asbestos and one for
      whom no source of asbestos exposure could be identified. At autopsy, large
      numbers of asbestos bodies were identified in the lung parenchyma in each case by
      use of a quantitative hypochlorite digestion-concentration technique. Scanning
      electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis demonstrated that the
      main types of asbestos present were the commercial amphiboles, amosite and
      crocidolite. We have rarely identified asbestos bodies in fine needle lung
      aspirates studied in our laboratories and are not aware of such reports in the
      literature. It is likely that the identification of asbestos bodies in fine
      needle aspirates of the lung is indicative of considerable occupational exposure
      to asbestos.

PMID- 6589933
TI  - An improved and simplified method for combined light and scanning electron
      microscopy in human urinary cytology.
AB  - Human bladder-washing and voided urine specimens from normal cases and
      inflammatory and malignant lesions were examined by the combined use of light
      microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A newly-designed mesh,
      which consisted of a piece of gelatin-covered, osmium-impregnated and poly-L
      lysine-coated glass slide, 0.85 mm in thickness and containing 42 compartments of
      25 sq mm in size, was used in this study. This mesh permitted a direct
      correlation of LM and SEM images, thus shortening the time of observation of
      specimens under SEM. With SEM, the diagnosis of malignant exfoliated urothelial
      cells depended on the presence or absence of pleomorphic microvilli. The
      technique has enhanced the accuracy of diagnosis over conventional methods,
      especially for noninvasive, low-grade, papillary tumors of the urinary bladder.

PMID- 6589934
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic observations on subcolumnar basal cells of the
      human cervical mucous membrane.

PMID- 6589935
TI  - The annual Papanicolaou smear.

PMID- 6589936
TI  - Curschmann's spirals in cervicovaginal smears.

PMID- 6589937
TI  - Mycosis fungoides in Norway 1960-80. A retrospective study.
AB  - The paper presents the results of a cooperative, retrospective study of mycosis
      fungoides in Norway, in 112 patients diagnosed histologically between 1960-80.
      The study includes an analysis of incidence, clinicopathological findings,
      survival, mortality and autopsy findings. In addition, other factors, such as
      occupation, the incidence of cancer, associated illnesses and contact allergies
      are reviewed. The significant prognostic variables with regard to survival
      included, age at diagnosis, stage of the disease at diagnosis and occupation.
      Industrial workers showed the highest incidence of MF and the poorest prognosis
      in terms of survival after biopsy. In 59% of deceased MF patients, the cause of
      death was related to MF.

PMID- 6589938
TI  - [DNA content of leukemia cells in the cerebrospinal fluid].

PMID- 6589940
TI  - Proceedings of the 25th Scandinavian Congress of Neurology. Bergen, Norway, June
      13-16, 1984. Abstracts.

PMID- 6589939
TI  - Pharmacokinetic aspects of spinal morphine analgesia.
AB  - Epidural (E.D.) and intrathecal (I.T.) morphine (M) analgesia were studied in
      patients with pain after thoracotomy. The role of the pharmacokinetic properties
      of M. for the associated analgesia was also evaluated. M. concentrations in CSF
      and plasma were assayed using gas chromatography with EC detection. Analgesia was
      evaluated as the time postoperative until the patients again required analgetics
      and were given meperidine intramuscularly (I.M.) for thoracic pain. A lumbar site
      of E.D. and I.T. injection of M. resulted in a variable but in general
      longlasting postoperative analgesia although delayed after I.T. administration.
      The mean duration of analgesia after E.D. administration was dose-related (8.6 +/
      2.0 h, 13.0 +/- 3.5 h, and 15.6 +/- 2.6 h; means +/- SEM for the 2, 4 and 6 mg
      groups, respectively), which was comparable to that achieved after I.T.
      administration of 0.25 to 0.50 mg M. M. concentrations in plasma after E.D.
      administration were comparable in variability and magnitude to those found after
      I.M. administration. The concentrations of M. in plasma were not related to the
      long duration of analgesia and may only contribute to analgesia shortly after the
      E.D. administration. The reported time course of analgesia after E.D. injection
      with a delayed onset corresponded with the appearance of M. in the CSF. Fifteen
      min after E.D. administration, M. was found in higher concentrations in CSF than
      in plasma, but peak levels were not seen until 2 h after the injection. Both the
      high content of M. in CSF as expressed by AUC, as well as peak concentrations in
      CSF, were related to the longlasting analgesia after E.D. administration. A
      protracted clearance of M. from the CSF as a cause of longlasting analgesia was
      not found, M. was eliminated with a similar half-life from CSF and plasma. The
      high CSF concentrations of M. seen after E.D. administration were the result of a
      direct uptake across the dura. In contrast, the appearance of M. in CSF after
      I.M. administration of 10 mg was slower. Maximal concentration of M. in the CSF
      was reached after 3 h and the peak levels were on average about 100 times less
      than those found after E.D. injection of 6 mg morphine. CSF and plasma reached
      pseudoeliquilibrium at a ratio around 0.9 after I.M. administration. This is to
      be compared with a CSF/plasma concentration ratio around 100 after E.D.
      administration. A comparison of M. concentrations in the CSF after thoracic and
      lumbar E.D. injection showed that spinal CSF rapidly yielded comparable
      concentrations at the lumbar level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6589941
TI  - The fetus--our future patient.

PMID- 6589942
TI  - Severe infections in childhood leukemia. A follow-up study of 100 consecutive ALL
      patients.
AB  - Severe infections during the course of childhood ALL were surveyed as a whole in
      100 consecutive patients, followed up for 2-8.5 years from the ALL diagnosis. The
      most important findings were a total absence of disseminated candidiasis, a
      relative infrequency of gram-negative septicemia (8 episodes), and a predominance
      of gram-positive cocci (29 episodes) in the 48 verified septicemias. S. aureus
      was responsible for 50% of culture-positive septicemias. The gram-positive
      predominance depended probably on local factors, and reservation in using broad
      spectrum antibiotics might have played a part. There were 9 cases of disseminated
      Varicella-zoster, cured successfully with antiviral agents. Pneumocystis carinii
      pneumonitis numbered 8 episodes, concentrated to the early remission period. One
      case of miliary tuberculosis was found. Risk factors regarding age of patient and
      phase or intensity of cytotoxic therapy are evaluated.

PMID- 6589943
TI  - Protective effect of intracerebroventricularly administered PGE2 on rat gastric
      mucosa.

PMID- 6589944
TI  - Plasma catecholamines as markers for sympatho-adrenal activity in man.

PMID- 6589945
TI  - Contribution of individual organs to total noradrenaline release in humans.
AB  - Plasma noradrenaline measurements are a fallible guide to sympathetic nervous
      tone, being dependent on noradrenaline plasma clearance. We have developed
      radiotracer techniques, based on measurement of the rate of spillover of
      noradrenaline to plasma, to simultaneously estimate total, and organ-specific,
      sympathetic nervous activity in humans. In 27 unmedicated subjects without renal
      or liver disease, or cardiac failure, regional noradrenaline spillover rates were
      as follows: lungs 138 +/- 36 ng/min (mean +/- SE) (33% of total noradrenaline
      spillover), kidneys 77 +/- 10 ng/min (22% of total), skeletal muscle 64 +/- 11
      ng/min (20%), hepatomesenteric 29 +/- 9 ng/min (9%), skin 18 +/- 4 ng/min (5%),
      and heart 11 +/- 4 ng/min (3%). Organ-specific noradrenaline spillover
      measurements are well suited to the elucidation of sympathetic nervous system
      pathophysiology in human diseases. Since the sympathetic nervous system outflow
      to individual organs is not activated or suppressed uniformly in different
      disease states, biochemical measures of "overall sympathetic nervous activity"
      are insufficiently specific for this purpose.

PMID- 6589946
TI  - Whole body and regional clearances of noradrenaline and adrenaline in man.
AB  - The whole body clearance of noradrenaline (NA) was measured in seven patients pre
      and postoperatively. L-3H-NA was infused intravenously for 90 min and steady
      state concentrations of L-3H-NA were measured in both arterial and peripheral
      venous blood. Preoperatively, in the resting supine position the clearance values
      based on arterial and venous sampling averaged 1.4 and 2.5 l/min, respectively (p
      less than 0.02). The difference in clearance values was due to peripheral uptake
      of NA averaging 45%. The plasma appearance rate on NA averaged 2.4 nmol/min
      before surgery and it increased to 9.5 nmol/min postoperatively (p less than
      0.02). The plasma clearance of NA did not change. These results indicate that the
      calculation of plasma NA clearance based on venous sampling results in values
      that are too high. Furthermore, such values may be influenced by individual
      variations in the peripheral uptake of NA, since we found no correlation between
      clearance values based on venous and arterial sampling. In other experiments we
      measured the influence of physical exercise in young healthy subjects on the
      clearance rate of plasma adrenaline (A). The clearance of A, which at rest
      averaged 1.9 l/min tended to increase at low work loads and to decrease below
      resting levels at high exercise intensity. The changes were, however, small (+/-
      20% of resting values). The regional extraction ratio of NA was 0.5 to 0.6 in the
      forearm, the liver and the kidney.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6589947
TI  - Muscle sympathetic activity and plasma concentrations of noradrenaline.
AB  - Microelectrode recordings of sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity in muscle nerve
      fascicles in man indicate that the outflow of sympathetic impulses is modulated
      by arterial and cardiopulmonary baroreceptors. Variations in the strength of the
      activity correlate closely to variations of diastolic blood pressure but there is
      no significant correlation between mean levels of sympathetic activity and blood
      pressure. In a given individual the level of activity is reproducible over many
      months but there are large interindividual differences. In the recumbent posture
      there is a linear correlation between the level of activity at rest and the
      plasma concentration of noradrenaline in forearm venous blood, both in
      normotensive subjects and in patients with essential hypertension. Preliminary
      data indicate that an isometric hand grip at 30% of maximal power induces
      approximately parallel changes of muscle sympathetic activity and plasma
      concentrations of noradrenaline. It is suggested that sympathetic outflow to
      muscles is an important determinant of the level of circulating plasma
      noradrenaline.

PMID- 6589948
TI  - Differentiated sympathetic activation during mental stress evoked by the Stroop
      test.
AB  - Sympatho-adrenal and hemodynamic responses to mental stress induced by Stroop's
      color word test (CWT) were examined in 12 healthy volunteers. CWT increased heart
      rate and blood pressures by 28 beats/min and 29/14 mmHg, on the average. The
      pressor response was caused by an increase in cardiac output (from 6.3 +/- 0.3 to
      10.9 +/- 0.6 l/min, p less than 0.001), since systemic vascular resistance was
      reduced by approximately 30% during CWT. Calf vascular resistance (mainly muscle)
      was also reduced. At rest there was a net production of NA and a net removal of
      adrenaline (ADR) in the forearm tissues. About 45% of the NA in antecubital
      venous plasma appeared to be derived from the forearm tissues. During CWT
      arterial NA increased (from 1.53 +/- 0.20 to 2.13 +/- 0.15 nM, p less than
      0.001), but antecubital venous NA levels remained unchanged. There was removal of
      ADR (about 19%) and a calculated production of NA by the lungs at rest, both of
      which disappeared during stress. CWT caused a "defence reaction"-like hemodynamic
      response with cardiac activation, but unchanged or reduced peripheral sympathetic
      nerve activity. This explains the lack of increase in antecubital venous NA,
      which is markedly influenced by sympathetic activity in the forearm tissues.
      Arterial plasma catecholamine measurements provide better information concerning
      sympatho-adrenal activity in the body as a whole than do peripheral venous
      measurements. Regional sympathetic activity is preferably studied by NA outflow
      determinations from the target organs.

PMID- 6589949
TI  - Plasma catecholamines and hemodynamic responses to stress states in man.
AB  - The relationship between the plasma catecholamine and hemodynamic responses to
      stress in man was studied using radionuclide left ventricular angiography to
      assess changes in cardiac volumes. In 10 healthy men, the maximum plasma
      norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EPI) responses to symptom-limited supine
      bicycle exercise were considerably greater than the responses to isometric
      handgrip exercise or to a cold pressor test. Similarly, increases in heart rate,
      systolic blood pressure, stroke volume, ejection fraction, and cardiac output
      were greatest with bicycle exercise. Both the plasma catecholamine and
      hemodynamic responses to handgrip exercise tended to be intermediate, and the
      smallest responses were observed during cold pressure testing. The plasma NE and
      EPI responses to symptom-limited upright treadmill exercise in another group of
      10 men were greater than the responses to supine bicycle exercise. During bicycle
      exercise and during handgrip exercise there were significant correlations between
      plasma NE and EPI levels and changes of heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac
      output. In addition, when data from all three stresses were combined and effects
      of heart rate and subject differences were controlled for, plasma NE and EPI
      levels were significantly correlated with ejection fraction. These findings
      suggest that release of EPI and NE during stress states may contribute to some of
      the hemodynamic responses that occur during stress.

PMID- 6589950
TI  - Plasma catecholamines in clinical studies of cardiovascular diseases.
AB  - This brief review summarizes recent literature about plasma catecholamines as
      indices of sympathetic nervous and sympathoadrenomedullary activity in clinical
      cardiologic disease states. Many reports have described high plasma levels of
      norepinephrine, the neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system, in acute
      myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, the mitral valve prolapse
      syndrome, and early essential hypertension. Fewer studies have reported values
      for plasma epinephrine, which is the product of sympathoadrenomedullary
      secretion. The relationship between circulating catecholamine levels and activity
      of the sympathetic nervous system is obscured by ignorance about catecholamine
      removal mechanisms and regionalization of sympathetic outflow. Further, whether
      increased sympathetic outflow increases cardiovascular risk or reflects
      compensatory recruitment or a non-specific stress response is poorly understood.

PMID- 6589951
TI  - Inter-laboratory comparison of plasma catecholamine determinations using several
      different assays.
AB  - Thirty-four laboratories performed altogether 41 plasma catecholamine assays on
      each of four samples. Various radioenzymatic assays, high performance liquid
      chromatographic (HPLC) assays with electrochemical detection and fluorimetric
      assays were used. There was reasonable agreement that the levels of adrenaline
      and noradrenaline in a basal plasma pool were about 0.2 and 1.8 nM, respectively.
      The levels in a pool of plasma obtained after exercise were about 0.7 and 11 nM,
      respectively. The study, however, revealed a sometimes considerable variability
      between methods as well as between laboratories using the same method. Results
      from duplicate determinations of noradrenaline suggest frequent problems with
      intra-laboratory reproducibility. Results concerning the recoveries of 0.7 or 3.0
      nM adrenaline or 2.0 nM noradrenaline (added to the basal plasma pool) showed a
      rather frequent need for improved precision. Fluorimetric assays gave
      unacceptable results. Plasma free dopamine measurements showed a basal level of
      0.1-0.2 nM with most HPLC assays and a tendency towards higher levels and greater
      scatter with radioenzymatic methods. On the whole, reverse phase HPLC methods and
      an inhomogeneous group of single-isotope derivative radioenzymatic assays showed
      the largest variability. Less variability was found with the radioenzymatic assay
      of Peuler & Johnson (1977), provided that a few obviously erroneous results were
      excluded. The smallest variability was found with microparticulate cation
      exchange HPLC. It is concluded that plasma catecholamine assays would benefit
      from better standardization and a continuous quality control. Problems associated
      with validation of new assays, as well as modifications of old assays are
      discussed.

PMID- 6589952
TI  - Plasma catecholamines as markers for sympatho-adrenal activity in man.
      Introductory remarks.

PMID- 6589953
TI  - An adult case of chronic myelogenous leukemia with myeloblastic involvement of
      the central nervous system.
AB  - A 31-year-old female with chronic myelogenous leukemia, who developed
      myeloblastic involvement of the central nervous system during acute myeloblastic
      transformation of the disease, was treated with methotrexate intrathecally. The
      therapy produced prompt clinical response and complete reversal of abnormal
      cerebrospinal fluid findings. However, the patient expired 10 months following
      the acute blastic crisis.

PMID- 6589954
TI  - Leukemia with multiple phenotypic expressions.
AB  - A patient is described who, during a three-year illness, exhibited multiple
      phenotypic expressions of leukemia. She was diagnosed initially as having acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) followed by chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) one
      and a half years later. Subsequent blast transformations were lymphoblastic, but
      preterminally, a myeloblastic transformation occurred. These later leukemias
      probably were not chemotherapy induced, because a review of her initial work-up
      revealed the presence of a smaller G group chromosome in 1 of 20 metaphases
      examined. Her clinical course also differs from the CML that presents in lymphoid
      blast crisis because the Philadelphia chromosome only was emerging at that point.
      This case illustrates the interrelationships of the various leukemias and
      supports the hypothesis that a totipotent stem cell may undergo leukemic
      transformation resulting in variable and simultaneous expressions.

PMID- 6589955
TI  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia manifested as aortic occlusion.
AB  - A 36-year-old black man is described who presented with occlusion of the distal
      aorta and common iliac arteries by thrombus composed of fibrin and leukemic
      cells. On the basis of a review of the literature, this may be the first report
      of acute leukemia presenting in this manner.

PMID- 6589956
TI  - Cytogenetic study in a mentally retarded child with Bloom syndrome and acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Bloom syndrome (BS) was diagnosed in a 7-year-old boy during hospitalization for
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The patient had most of the signs of BS along
      with some atypical manifestations: absence of telangiectases, obesity, and
      moderate mental retardation. Results of the cytogenetic studies were fully
      consistent with the diagnosis of BS: the occurrence of quadriradial figures and a
      very high incidence of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE). This child's ALL was of
      non-B, non-T type with the presence, at the time of diagnosis, of a marrow clone
      including two markers. A Yq - chromosome was detected in about 10% of PHA
      stimulated lymphocytes but neither in bone marrow cells nor in skin fibroblasts.
      This case is the fifth instance of ALL out of 104 registered cases of BS.

PMID- 6589958
TI  - Mixed-dentition mandibular arch length analysis: a step-by-step approach using
      the revised Hixon-Oldfather prediction method.
AB  - Prediction of tooth size--arch length discrepancies in mixed-dentition patients
      is an important aspect of orthodontic diagnosis. The purpose of this article is
      to present the clinician with a step-by-step approach for a mandibular mixed
      dentition tooth size--arch length space analysis using the revised Hixon
      Oldfather prediction graph.

PMID- 6589957
TI  - Longitudinal study of three views of mandibular third molar eruption in males.
AB  - A longitudinal study, using three views simultaneously, was conducted on twenty
      North American black males to investigate mandibular third molar eruption. Each
      subject had two third molars present. Forty third molars were studied. Lateral,
      posteroanterior, and oblique (45 degrees left and right) cephalograms, along with
      plaster casts, were used. The following observations on the third molars were
      made; the age at which they can be identified; angulation of the occlusal
      surface; eruptive path, including the vertical, anteroposterior, and buccolingual
      positions; and the age of delineation between being unerupted or impacted,
      including factors related thereto. The Fisher's exact test from the SPSS package
      and the central tendency were the statistical instruments used to aid in
      interpreting the data. In some persons the crypt of the developing third molar
      was seen as early as 7.5 years and the occlusal surface was identified as early
      as age 8 years, with a mean of 9.75 years. Third molars usually form in the ramus
      with the distal cusp above the occlusal plane, the occlusal surface of the molar
      has a great cant facing anteriorly, the tooth descends below the occlusal plane,
      and appears to upright around 14 to 16 years of age. The impaction of the
      mandibular third molar is a complex multifactorial mechanism. The wide buccal
      location of mandibular third molars and the inadequate anteroposterior space
      between the distal surface of the second molar and the anterior surface of the
      ramus are important factors in third molar impaction. This study does not support
      the concept of early prediction of third molar impaction and enucleation of the
      asymptomatic developing third molars. If possible, the final decision for
      extraction of asymptomatic mandibular third molars that appear to be impacted
      should be delayed until after the age of 16 years.

PMID- 6589960
TI  - Orthodontic research: the integration of clinical research results into clinical
      practice.

PMID- 6589959
TI  - Masticatory movements and EMG activity following electrolytic lesions of the
      trigeminal motor nucleus in growing guinea pigs.
AB  - Unilateral electrolytic lesions were produced in the left trigeminal motor
      nucleus (TMN) of six guinea pigs at 49 days of age. Masticatory mandibular
      movement and EMG data were collected prior to lesioning and at 4 and 12 days
      postlesion. After the animals were killed 60 days postlesion, dissection and
      maceration revealed muscular atrophy and craniofacial asymmetries on the lesion
      side. Analyses of prelesion and postlesion mandibular movement and EMG data
      indicated significant (p less than 0.05; p less than 0.01) changes in chew cycle
      durations, dimensions, and EMG activity patterns. Shifts in EMG durations of
      working- and balancing-side muscles were strongly related to most of the observed
      skeletal asymmetries. Data indicated that muscular paresis and altered
      neuromuscular activity can effect skeletal changes in the mammalian craniofacial
      complex; total muscular paralysis is not a prerequisite for profound morphologic
      changes. Altered manifestation of masticatory central pattern generators within
      the central nervous system may also account for variations in craniofacial form
      and function.

PMID- 6589961
TI  - Gingival contour and clinical crown length: their effect on the esthetic
      appearance of maxillary anterior teeth.
AB  - Fractured, congenitally missing, or avulsed maxillary incisors can often
      jeopardize the esthetic appearance of the remaining maxillary anterior teeth
      after orthodontic treatment. In many cases the unesthetic appearance is related
      to the irregular clinical crown lengths of either the fractured teeth or those
      that have been substituted for the missing teeth. The results of five cases with
      either fractured or traumatically avulsed central incisors are reported.
      Selective tooth intrusion and restorative techniques were used during the
      finishing stages of orthodontic treatment to improve the final esthetic result.
      The advantages and disadvantages of the intrusion technique are discussed.

PMID- 6589962
TI  - Osseous adaptation to continuous loading of rigid endosseous implants.
AB  - Titanium implants, with an acid-etched surface, were screwed into holes 3 mm in
      diameter, about 1 cm apart, carefully prepared with an internally irrigated,
      surgical bur in the femurs of 3- to 6-month-old rabbits. During the first 3 days
      after surgery, fluorescent bone labels revealed extensive bone formation,
      particularly at the endosteal margin of the surgical defect, indicating
      preservation of a high degree of osteogenic capacity. A lattice of coarse, woven
      bone began encapsulating the implant within 3 days. By the end of 6 weeks,
      mature, lamellar bone filled voids at or near the implant surface and a rigid
      bone/implant interface was routinely achieved. Nonspecific, subperiosteal bony
      hypertrophy was noted within 6 weeks after implants were placed in young, growing
      animals (3 months old), but not in adults (6 months old). After 6 to 12 weeks of
      healing, a 100-gm load was applied for 4 to 8 weeks by stretching a stainless
      steel spring between the implants. All but one of twenty loaded implants remained
      rigid. Immediate loading of four pairs of implants resulted in spontaneous spiral
      type ("torsional") fractures of the femur within 1 week. These results indicate
      that (1) relatively simple and inexpensive titanium implants develop a rigid
      osseous interface, (2) 6 weeks is an adequate healing period, prior to loading,
      to attain rigid stability and avoid spontaneous fracture, (3) continuously loaded
      implants remain stable within the bone, (4) bone formation is observed on
      periosteal surfaces subjected to concave flexure (compression), (5) cancellous
      type bone orients perpendicularly between loaded implants, apparently
      corresponding to lines of stress, (6) new secondary osteons are propagated at or
      near the surface of loaded implants, (7) the remodeling (turnover) cycle for
      rabbit compact bone is about 6 weeks, and (8) endosseous implants have potential
      as a source of firm osseous anchorage for orthodontics and dentofacial
      orthopedics.

PMID- 6589963
TI  - Role of prostaglandins in regulating gastric motility.
AB  - Muscles of the stomach possess the ability to synthesize several prostaglandins.
      These compounds function as local regulatory agents by influencing the motor
      performance of the muscle cells. In the distal stomach the dominant effect of
      endogenous prostaglandins is to decrease the amplitude of contractions and
      decrease the ability of the muscles to respond to excitatory stimuli.
      Prostaglandins also have a chronotropic role in the distal stomach, and they are
      responsible for the frequency effect of gastrin pentapeptide. In the proximal
      stomach prostaglandins have an opposite role; they promote tonic contraction.
      Because of the diverse effects of prostaglandins, they probably have complicated
      effects on gastric motility. In general, emptying of solids should be retarded by
      endogenous prostaglandins, whereas emptying of fluids may be facilitated by these
      compounds. Overproduction of prostaglandins may produce abnormal motility
      patterns and affect gastric emptying. A case of gastric pseudoobstruction
      apparently involving prostaglandins is discussed.

PMID- 6589964
TI  - Contractions of the canine coronary artery in calcium-free solution.
AB  - Prostaglandin F2 alpha, but not norepinephrine, augments the maximal contractile
      response to potassium. To examine the mechanism underlying this augmentation,
      rings of canine coronary artery were studied isometrically in physiological salt
      solutions of various composition. The contractions evoked by prostaglandin F2
      alpha were larger in high-potassium, calcium-free solution than in calcium-free
      solution. Similar results were obtained using canine saphenous vein and femoral
      artery. Isoproterenol, but not nimodipine, relaxed the contractions produced by
      prostaglandin F2 alpha in high-potassium, calcium-free solution. Unlike
      prostaglandin F2 alpha, norepinephrine failed to constrict rings in high
      potassium, calcium-free solution. In calcium-free solution, prostaglandin F2
      alpha-induced contractions increased with increasing potassium concentrations,
      but no enhancement occurred when lithium was substituted for potassium. Rings of
      coronary artery incubated with calcium-45 did not show changes in prostaglandin
      F2 alpha-induced calcium-45 efflux following changes in potassium concentration.
      These results suggest that potassium enhances coronary vascular smooth muscle
      contraction to prostaglandin F2 alpha, but not norepinephrine, independently of
      calcium entry.

PMID- 6589965
TI  - Sexual conflict and eating disorders in 27 males.
AB  - Twenty-seven anorectic and bulimic males and 142 anorectic and bulimic females
      treated on an eating disorders unit were compared. Significantly more male
      patients reported experiencing sexual isolation, sexual inactivity, and
      conflicted homosexuality.

PMID- 6589966
TI  - Amish study, V: Lithium-sodium countertransport and catechol O-methyltransferase
      in pedigrees of bipolar probands.
AB  - The authors studied 87 individuals from four large Amish pedigrees to determine
      the relationship between susceptibility to affective disorders and variation in
      the measures of two biochemical variables, catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT)
      and lithium countertransport. Assays were done in duplicate and blind to
      diagnostic or pedigree status. Data were analyzed separately within families as
      well as by pooling ill and well subjects across pedigrees. Various statistical
      analyses yielded no significant differences in lithium measures or COMT activity
      levels between members diagnosed as having a form of affective disorder and the
      normal members.

PMID- 6589967
TI  - Case report of bulimia associated with increased intracranial pressure.
AB  - A patient whose symptoms suggested bulimia was found to have increased
      intracranial pressure. Following insertion of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, the
      bulimic symptoms resolved. The relationship between increased CSF pressure and
      bulimic symptoms is discussed.

PMID- 6589968
TI  - Factors associated with IQ scores in long-term survivors of childhood acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - To identify factors which might be associated with intellectual function
      following treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 50 long-term
      survivors were studied using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
      Revised. All patients were diagnosed between 1972 and 1974 and were treated on a
      single clinical trial protocol with identical induction and maintenance
      chemotherapy plus central nervous system prophylaxis that included cranial
      radiation. The mean full scale IQ score for the group was 95 (SEM 2.0), with mean
      verbal IQ of 94.4 and mean performance IQ of 96.9. Factors which were found to be
      closely associated with a lower IQ score included female sex (in both verbal IQ
      and full-scale IQ), longer duration of chemotherapy (in performance IQ), and
      younger age at the time of radiation (in both verbal IQ and full-scale IQ). The
      age at the time of radiation was found to be significantly correlated with
      discrepancy between verbal and performance IQ, with younger age being associated
      with verbal IQ scores higher than performance IQ scores. When analyses were
      performed within specific subgroups of patients defined by sex and age at the
      time of radiation, dose of cranial radiation, concomitant intrathecal
      methotrexate therapy, and duration of therapy were all found to be correlated
      with a lower level of intellectual function. These preliminary findings provide
      direction for future studies to help identify high-risk patients.

PMID- 6589969
TI  - Preleukemic syndrome in children. Report of four cases and review of literature.
AB  - Childhood preleukemia, known as a rare condition, was evaluated in four of the
      authors' cases and in 24 cases from the literature. The required condition was
      evolution into overt acute leukemia. The children were 5 months to 15 years of
      age, and the preleukemia period ranged from 2 to 42 months. The symptoms and
      physical signs were nonspecific. Different kinds of cytopenia were found in the
      peripheral blood. Twelve children developed ALL and 16 developed AML. The
      analysis revealed that in childhood there exist two different types of
      preleukemia: pre-ALL and pre-AML. The age and sex distribution were different, as
      were the hematological changes. The marrow was usually hypoplastic in pre-ALL but
      hyperplastic in pre-AML. True hypoplasia in any of the three cell lines was more
      common in pre-ALL, whereas ineffective thrombopoiesis and normal or increased
      myelopoiesis were specific for pre-AML. Ineffective erythropoiesis was
      characteristic of both types. A typical chromosomal change in marrow, seen in pre
      AML only, was a missing group C chromosome. The childhood pre-AML resembled adult
      preleukemia (also pre-AML) in many aspects, whereas the childhood pre-ALL seemed
      to be a different entity. It might be assumed that all preleukemic conditions do
      not evolve to overt malignancy. The incidence and true prognosis therefore remain
      unknown.

PMID- 6589970
TI  - Effects of the mechanics of administration on doxorubicin-induced side effects: a
      case report.

PMID- 6589971
TI  - Adult-type CML in childhood: case report and review.
AB  - The clinical, hematologic, and cytogenetic features of ACML in children appear to
      be identical to Ph1-positive CML seen in adults. From our review of the
      literature, one could anticipate that a child with this condition would have a
      response to therapy and an anticipated survival similar to that seen in adults.
      This situation is quite different when one compares adults with ALL to children
      with the same disease. It has been suggested that Ph1-positive CML is an
      acquired, postzygotic abnormality induced by environmental agents. It is
      difficult to reconcile this hypothesis with the fact that this condition can be
      seen in infants as young as 5 months of age and the general belief that
      environmental carcinogens take many years to produce malignant changes in cells.
      Ph1-positive CML has been associated with atomic bomb exposure and it is of
      interest to note that two patients in the present series had received radiation.
      For both children and adults, bone marrow transplantation during the chronic
      phase is the most successful therapy if a suitable donor is available. Recently,
      successful marrow transplantation during the accelerated phase has also been
      reported. For patients without a suitable donor, control of the disease with
      either busulfan or hydroxyurea and attempts to induce a remission with
      chemotherapy during the accelerated or blast phase is the best current
      alternative. For patients whose blasts have lymphoid characteristics such as TdT
      activity, vincristine and prednisone may be successful. For those patients with a
      myeloid or mixed lymphoid-myeloid transformation, no chemotherapy regimen has
      been successful. An aggressive approach such as that described by Weinstein et
      al. for the treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia might prove beneficial.

PMID- 6589972
TI  - [Acute coronary insufficiency during induction of anesthesia following
      anthracycline chemotherapy].
AB  - Cytostatic treatment with anthracyclines lines can lead to acute or chronic
      myocardial insufficiency. A cumulative dose of less than 500 mg/m2 body surface
      area can in general be regarded as safe. A case of acute cardio-circulatory
      insufficiency during induction of anesthesia is described, in which the total
      cumulative dose did not exceed 250 mg/m2 body surface area. The
      pathophysiological mechanisms occurring and the diagnostic and therapeutic
      measures necessary are discussed.

PMID- 6589973
TI  - High-dose cytarabine for high blast counts.

PMID- 6589974
TI  - A revised map of chromosome 1.
AB  - The genetic map of chromosome 1 reported by Keats, Morton & Rao (1981) has been
      updated using recent recombination data and regional assignments from the Galton
      Laboratory (King, 1982a) and from the current literature. A maximum likelihood
      mapping technique using pairwise recombination data without a chiasma map was
      developed, based on the principles of Rao et al. (1979) and Keats et al. (1981).
      The development of this new method was found to be necessary when inconsistencies
      were encountered using a method which combines recombination data and physical
      data through the chiasma map. These inconsistencies could be due to appreciable
      chiasma movement, incorrect physical assignments or technical and biological
      variation in lod scores.

PMID- 6589975
TI  - Electroencephalographic abnormalities in Tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6589976
TI  - Cellulitis caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis in a patient with leukemia.

PMID- 6589977
TI  - Patterns of growth in the hepatic glycogenoses.
AB  - Longitudinal growth data from 31 patients with hepatic glycogen storage disease
      (type I (8 patients), type Ib (three patients), type III (13 patients), and type
      IX (phosphorylase kinase deficiency) (7 patients) ) have been reviewed. All
      patients were below the mean for height at presentation; the mean height standard
      deviation scores were -2.13 (type I), -2.0 (type Ib), -2.4 (type III), and -1.6
      (type IX). Untreated, most patients with type I and Ib grew slowly with no catch
      up growth but three patients with mild disease grew normally. Most children with
      type III disease grew at a normal velocity throughout childhood. Puberty was
      delayed and final height normal. Some of the children with type III and all of
      those with type IX had catch up growth throughout childhood. Intensive treatment
      of patients with severe forms of type I and Ib disease resulted in catch up
      growth, but this was not complete if the treatment was started late.

PMID- 6589978
TI  - Thrombotic and infectious complications of Hickman-Broviac catheters.
AB  - Hickman-Broviac catheters are often used when long-term venous access is
      required. Although generally safe, catheter-related thrombosis and infection are
      two of the most frequent and clinically important complications associated with
      their use. A 47-year-old woman with breast cancer had a Hickman catheter placed
      for chemotherapy; subsequently, the superior vena caval syndrome developed due to
      a large thrombus surrounding the catheter tip. A very low dose of streptokinase
      successfully lysed this clot within 12 hours. A 60-year-old woman with acute
      myelogenous leukemia had a Hickman catheter placed to facilitate induction and
      maintenance chemotherapy. Two episodes of catheter-related Staphylococcus
      epidermidis sepsis later developed, the first of which cleared without removal of
      the cannula.

PMID- 6589979
TI  - Appetite disturbance and excessive guilt in major depression. Use of family study
      data to define depressive subtypes.
AB  - A post hoc analysis of the relationship between depression in first-degree family
      members (N = 810) and specific patterns of "endogenous" symptoms in 133 probands
      with nonbipolar major depression revealed that concomitant appetite disturbance
      and excessive guilt in the depressed probands was associated with increased rates
      of major depression among family members. The depressed, interviewed relatives of
      depressed probands with appetite disturbance and excessive guilt were found to be
      at a 2.5 greater risk for this same subtype compared with the depressed,
      interviewed relatives of the remaining depressed probands. These findings suggest
      that this subtype of depression may "breed true" within these families.

PMID- 6589980
TI  - Tourette's syndrome and migraine.
AB  - Among 60 patients with Tourette's syndrome (TS), whose mean age was 11.9 years,
      migraine was prevalent in 26.6%. This figure is substantially greater than that
      reported for the general population of school-aged children (4.0% to 7.4%) or for
      two control groups consisting of children with seizure disorders (n = 72) and
      learning disabilities (n = 62). The prevalence rates for these two control groups
      were 11.3% and 8.0%, respectively. The hypothesis is offered that the coexistence
      of TS and migraine in a subgroup of children with TS may reflect a similar
      abnormality underlying both conditions; specifically, neurohumoral dysfunction
      involving serotonin metabolism.

PMID- 6589981
TI  - An analysis of the Carabelli trait in the mixed deciduous and permanent human
      dentition.
AB  - Permanent first and deciduous second maxillary molars were examined on dental
      casts of 240 persons. A high degree of equivalence of Carabelli-trait expression
      between deciduous and permanent molars was demonstrated using the Wilcoxon
      matched-pairs signed-rank test and chi-square tests. Kolmogorov-Smirnov two
      sample tests confirmed a lack of sex dimorphism of trait incidence and expression
      in permanent and deciduous molars. It is hypothesized that the high degree of
      within-individual equivalence suggests a low epigenetic and high genetic
      influence on Carabelli-trait expression and that the findings support the clonal
      rather than the field theory of tooth morphogenesis.

PMID- 6589982
TI  - A micrometric and cytophotometric study of the simultaneous development of the
      cerebellar cortex and dental function in the rat during the early post-natal
      period.
AB  - A study was made of the growth of two cerebellar lobules receiving trigeminal
      afferents, crus 1 (C1) and uvula (U) and another lobule which receives only
      vestibular afferents, nodulus (N). Growth factors were determined using
      micrometry and histophotometry. Times of growth end were compared with first
      masticatory movements. The end of the maturation period of U and the beginning of
      absorption of tough diet appeared on the 15th post-natal day (PND). The end of
      growth of C1 on the 18th PND coincided with functional appearance of molars. It
      was suggested that, in the rat, maturity of the cerebellar cortex in certain
      lobules could be related to the early stage of weaning.

PMID- 6589983
TI  - A thin-section and freeze-fracture study of the pulp blood vessels in feline and
      human teeth.
AB  - The fine structure of blood vessels with a diameter of less than 50 micrometers,
      i.e. small arterioles, capillaries and postcapillary venules were studied. The
      number of pinocytotic vesicles was greater in capillary endothelium than in
      arterioles and venules. There was regional variation in vesicle frequency in
      capillary endothelial cells (arteriolar and venule cells not studied).
      Fenestrations and pinocytotic vesicles were closely associated in some capillary
      endothelial membrane areas and segmental differentiation of tight junctions
      (zonula occludens) in the vascular endothelium. The arteriolar tight junctions
      were classified as relatively tight, capillary junctions as leaky and venule
      junctions as very leaky. No nexuses (gap junctions) were found in the
      endothelium. Only four nexuses were found in the arteriolar smooth-muscle cells.
      Perivascular fibrocytes were frequently interconnected with nexuses. Nerve fibres
      in the vicinity of blood vessels contained granular and clear vesicles. The
      narrowest gap between vesicle-containing nerves and smooth-muscle cells was 0.3
      micrometer. No specialized contacts were found between nerve fibres and vascular
      cells. Solitary cilia with a 9 + 0 pattern were occasional in capillary
      endothelial cells fibroblasts and odontoblasts. Only one arterio-venous
      anastomosis was found.

PMID- 6589984
TI  - Short-term extrusion of isolated teeth of adult monkey (Macaca fascicularis).
AB  - By means of a variable capacitance device, the occlusal movements of 12 fully
      developed teeth were recorded in 6 adult monkeys. Sustained extrusion was seen,
      with rhythmic pulsations due to the heart beat and to breathing. Extrusion varied
      from 10 to 138 micrometers over periods of 40-360 min, and became progressively
      slower with time. Because of the protracted nature of the extrusion, it is
      probable that these tooth movements were caused by forces generated in the
      periodontal ligament resulting from biochemical changes in the periodontium
      rather than by vascular alterations, and occurred as a result of the removal of
      intrusive loads from the opposing teeth.

PMID- 6589985
TI  - Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis and scanning electron microscopy of
      developing and mature cat enamel.
AB  - Calcium and phosphorus distribution in forming, maturing and mature enamel of cat
      teeth and the microstructures manifest in all these were examined in fractured
      enamel from the dentine-enamel junction toward the enamel surface. concentrations
      of both Ca and P increased gradually from the forming enamel, through the
      maturing enamel and into the mature enamel. The innermost layer, adjacent to the
      dentine-enamel junction showed the greatest and the superficial layer the lowest
      concentration of Ca. Still the mature enamel of the erupted tooth was not yet
      completely mineralized and Ca and P concentrations only slightly higher than
      those in maturing enamel. Molar Ca:P ratio of each enamel stage was lower than
      that of pure crystalline hydroxyapatite. Simultaneously-performed SEM
      observations revealed microstructural changes in the enamel: in the forming-front
      layer of the forming enamel, the enamel was a rough, immature structure but began
      to show more compact, tighter structures as concentrations of Ca and P altered.
      The results suggest that the enamel organ exercises intense cellular control over
      increases of Ca and P concentration during the formation and maturation stages of
      amelogenesis.

PMID- 6589986
TI  - The production of dental plaque and caries by the bacterium Streptococcus
      salivarius in gnotobiotic WAG/RIJ rats.
AB  - The abilities of ten strains of Streptococcus salivarius to colonize rat molars
      and to induce caries were determined using mono-infected germ-free rats. Scanning
      electron microscopy revealed the production of micro-colonies and spheroids by
      Strep. salivarius on exposed surfaces of molar teeth, and abundant dense plaque
      formation in fissures. Most strains colonized fissures and smooth surfaces as
      effectively as Streptococcus mutans NCTC 10832, yet produced no buccal or lingual
      lesions. The four K- strains of Strep. salivarius produced more approximal
      lesions than the K+ strains but fewer lesions than Strep. mutans. All but one
      Strep. salivarius strain fell into the high-caries category, together with Strep.
      mutans. They were all more cariogenic than either Streptococcus milleri NCTC
      11169 or Streptococcus faecalis 47.

PMID- 6589987
TI  - The protective effect of peroxidase and thiocyanate against hydrogen peroxide
      toxicity assessed by the uptake of [3H]-thymidine by human gingival fibroblasts
      cultured in vitro.
AB  - The hypothiocyanite ion (OSCN-) is the principal oxidation product of the
      salivary peroxidase-thiocyanate (SCN-)-hydrogen peroxide antimicrobial system.
      Supplementation of human saliva in vitro and in vivo with low amounts (less than
      1.0 mM) of hydrogen peroxide increase the concentration of salivary OSCN- (in
      vivo up to 0.3 mM). Elevated concentrations of OSCN- are strongly antimicrobial
      and may therefore be protective against dental caries. However, as OSCN- is a
      highly-reactive oxidizing agent, its possible toxic effect on human cells was
      studied using gingival fibroblasts as target cells. Concentrations of OSCN- (up
      to 300 microM) had no effect on [3H]-thymidine incorporation into the cells.
      However, fibroblasts were sensitive to peroxide so that 100 microM of H2O2 caused
      over 80 per cent reduction in [3H]-thymidine incorporation. The toxicity of H2O2
      could be entirely prevented by adding lactoperoxidase and SCN- to the cell
      culture before the addition of peroxide. Thus, conversion of toxic H2O2 to non
      toxic OSCN- in fibroblast culture by lactoperoxidase and SCN- suggests a dual
      role for the salivary peroxidase system: protection of human cells from H2O2
      toxicity and antimicrobial action against oral pathogens. Furthermore, the
      elevated concentrations of OSCN- which produce inhibition of bacterial metabolism
      did not damage human cells.

PMID- 6589988
TI  - Multiple types of the bacterium Streptococcus mutans in the human mouth and their
      intra-family transmission.
AB  - To identify the source of infection with the potentially cariogenic Streptococcus
      mutans, unstimulated saliva and two approximal plaque samples were examined from
      each member of 10 families, five of which were re-sampled 6 months later. Each
      morphological type of Strep. mutans appearing on SB-20 medium was identified by a
      biochemical micromethod and by bacteriocin typing. Ninety-three per cent of the
      46 subjects harboured Strep. mutans and multiple types were detected in 78 per
      cent of adults and 46 per cent of infected children. Each mouth yielded c/e/f
      biotypes and 46 per cent also carried d/g types. Generally, saliva types were the
      same as those in plaque and the second sampling confirmed the first. Most fathers
      did not share strains with others in the family but all the infected children
      shared at least one common strain with the mother. The mother as the major source
      of Strep. mutans infection in young children was confirmed.

PMID- 6589989
TI  - Microradiographic and electron microscopic observations of the enamel-covered
      dentine in rat molars.
AB  - The enamel-covered primary and secondary coronal dentine in the molars of 90-day
      old and 360-day-old rats was examined using microradiography. Some preparations
      were subsequently examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy
      (SEM). Fractured dentine surfaces and methacrylate casts of the tubular system in
      the primary dentine were also examined with SEM. No microradiographic evidence of
      a hypermineralized peritubular matrix, such as that seen in man and other
      species, was seen in either young or old rats. Transmission and SEM confirmed the
      microradiographic findings. The tubule obliteration and extensive intra-luminal
      mineral deposits which have been reported in the enamel-free coronal dentine of
      the rat molar were not seen in the enamel-covered coronal dentine but some
      evidence of tubule obliteration was seen in the secondary dentine.

PMID- 6589990
TI  - The effect of temperature on the contraction characteristics of jaw muscles in
      the cat.
AB  - The effect of muscle temperature on the speed of contraction and on the strength
      of contraction of the cat jaw muscles was studied. Muscles contracted faster when
      their temperatures were increased. The tetanic and twitch tension decreased
      significantly as the animal was heated from 30 to 40 degrees C.

PMID- 6589991
TI  - Dental identification of the Victorian bushfire victims.

PMID- 6589992
TI  - A mathematical model for the progression of approximal carious lesions through
      enamel.

PMID- 6589993
TI  - Electron microprobe analysis of the gamma 2 phase in dental amalgam.

PMID- 6589994
TI  - The Stanley Wilkinson Oration. Orthodontists, dentistry and law reform.

PMID- 6589995
TI  - Survival of the profession.

PMID- 6589996
TI  - Dental phobia.

PMID- 6589997
TI  - The prevalence of hepatitis B markers in dental care personnel at the United
      Dental Hospital of Sydney.

PMID- 6589998
TI  - Australian dental practice surveys 1961-1981.

PMID- 6589999
TI  - The utilization of dental hygienists' services in South Australia.

PMID- 6590000
TI  - Computed tomography of intraperitoneal malignancy.
AB  - A review of 205 abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scans in 83 patients with
      gastric or ovarian neoplasms was performed in order to assess their contribution
      to management. Assessment of scan accuracy was based on results of invasive
      procedures, clinical data, and double-blind re-reporting. Scans appeared to be of
      greater value in patients with ovarian rather than gastric neoplasms (p less than
      0.001), and in patients undergoing clinically-indicated rather than routine scans
      (p less than 0.001). No clinical benefit accrued from the use of pre-treatment
      scans. Overall accuracy of scanning was judged to be significantly greater for
      the ovarian than the gastric group (p less than 0.001), while concordance of scan
      reports with re-reporting was also greater in the ovarian group (p less than
      0.001). The data indicate the inherent limitations of the CT scan and the high
      degree of subjectivity in its interpretation, particularly when used in the
      follow-up of patients with known or suspected recurrent gastric cancer. CT
      scanning remains a potentially useful adjunct to clinical assessment of patients
      with intraperitoneal malignancy, but should not be regarded as obviating the need
      for clinical judgement in management decisions.

PMID- 6590001
TI  - Analgesic nephropathy associated with paracetamol.
AB  - Seven cases of analgesic nephropathy due to excessive ingestion of paracetamol
      are reported. None of these patients had been taking any other analgesic. All had
      radiological features of papillary necrosis. With the increasing use of
      paracetamol as a mild analgesic it is necessary to be aware of the possibility
      that paracetamol may induce analgesic nephropathy.

PMID- 6590002
TI  - Changes in plasma catecholamine levels during hemodialysis.
AB  - The plasma concentrations of dopamine (DA), adrenaline (AD) and noradrenaline
      (NA) were measured during 29 routine hemodialysis (HD) treatments on 13 patients
      to determine whether any changes occurred in the concentrations of these
      substances during HD. All of the 13 patients studied demonstrated a fall in mean
      arterial pressure (MAP) when HD was commenced. Decreased concentrations of all
      three catecholamines were also demonstrated after the first hour of dialysis.
      Plasma AD rose after two hours, but NA and DA were still significantly lower than
      pre-dialysis values at the end of HD. Study of 12 further patients during the
      first hour of HD confirmed that the NA level had fallen significantly by the
      fifteenth minute of HD, while the DA and AD levels took somewhat longer to fall.
      Both NA and DA were present in the dialysate in substantial amounts. Although the
      fall in MAP which accompanies HD is probably multifactorial, the loss of plasma
      catecholamines during HD may possibly contribute to the hemodynamic changes.

PMID- 6590003
TI  - How "representative" are subjects attending a coronary risk factor screening
      programme?
AB  - Coronary risk factors were compared in two groups of subjects aged 25-64 years.
      One group voluntarily, and at no cost, attended a risk factor screening clinic (n
      = 3844), while the second group represented a population sample drawn from the
      metropolitan Sydney electoral roll (n = 1394). Older subjects were over
      represented in the screening clinic compared with the electoral roll sample.
      Hypercholesterolemia was more prevalent in the screening clinic in older females,
      while hypertension and current cigarette smoking were less prevalent in the
      screening clinic in older subjects of both sexes. Obesity was less prevalent in
      the screening clinic in older males. A voluntary screening programme may generate
      a unique and possibly unreproducible population sample.

PMID- 6590004
TI  - How can we measure sympathetic nervous system "tone" in patients?

PMID- 6590005
TI  - Intra-aortic balloon ECG artefact.
AB  - Patients undergoing intra-aortic balloon counter pulsation (IABP) for acute life
      threatening cardiac disease usually have abnormal electrocardiograms (ECGs) and
      are prone to arrhythmias and conduction disturbances. We report a patient in whom
      movement of the electrocardiographic lead to the left leg by the balloon catheter
      caused artefact simulating a conduction disturbance and arrhythmia.

PMID- 6590006
TI  - Subacute heart rupture and hemopericardium following acute myocardial infarction:
      report of successful treatment and ten year follow-up.
AB  - Hemopericardium complicating acute myocardial infarction generally has a poor
      prognosis. Two cases of this complication, one due to subacute rupture of the
      free left ventricular wall, are reported. Both patients are still alive and well
      ten years after urgent surgical intervention. Good long-term results are possible
      in this condition if diagnosis and surgical intervention are not delayed.

PMID- 6590007
TI  - Guillain-Barre syndrome and pemphigus foliaceus associated with D-penicillamine
      therapy.
AB  - The Guillain-Barre syndrome and pemphigus foliaceus occurred simultaneously in a
      patient on long-term treatment with D-penicillamine. It is proposed that both
      conditions may have developed as a result of a disturbance of immunoregulation
      caused by D-penicillamine.

PMID- 6590008
TI  - Life threatening cardiac tamponade complicating a case of seronegative rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - We report the complication of cardiac tamponade occurring secondary to a
      pericardial effusion in a patient with persistently seronegative rheumatoid
      arthritis. The frequency and presenting features of this potentially life
      threatening complication of rheumatoid arthritis are reviewed and management of
      this complication is discussed.

PMID- 6590009
TI  - A fatal case of Legionnaires' disease in an immunocompromised patient.
AB  - A 65-year-old woman presented with an autoimmune hemolytic anemia and was
      subsequently diagnosed as having malignant lymphoma. Cytotoxic chemotherapy was
      followed by the development of fatal Legionnaires' disease, confirmed by
      isolation of L. pneumophila serogroup 6 from pleural and lung aspirate specimens.
      This is believed to be the first reported isolation of serogroup 6 L. pneumophila
      in Australia.

PMID- 6590010
TI  - Fatal veno-occlusive disease of the liver associated with herbal tea consumption
      and radiation.
AB  - A case is presented of fatal veno-occlusive disease of the liver in a patient
      undergoing treatment by whole abdomen irradiation for carcinoma of the ovary. She
      had also been exposed to herbal tea and chemotherapy, each of which may cause
      veno-occlusive disease in its own right. Interaction of these agents is
      postulated and should be considered before submitting patients to combination
      treatment.

PMID- 6590011
TI  - Fulminant hepatic failure due to allopurinol.
AB  - A 58-year-old Chinese woman was admitted to hospital with a presumed
      hypersensitivity reaction to allopurinol. Her illness was characterised by high
      fever, eosinophilia, exfoliative dermatitis and jaundice. She developed fulminant
      hepatic failure and septicemia with a fatal outcome. Clinical details are
      presented and the possible relationship of allopurinol hypersensitivity to renal
      impairment is discussed.

PMID- 6590012
TI  - High-dose gammaglobulin for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

PMID- 6590013
TI  - The biology of breast cancer and its influence on management.

PMID- 6590014
TI  - The Nottingham Research Programme in breast cancer.

PMID- 6590015
TI  - Pathological aspects of the UK Breast Screening Project with special reference to
      minimal and 'borderline' lesions.
AB  - Because of the logistical and financial implications of large scale screening for
      the early detection of breast cancer, the Department of Health and Social
      Security in the UK has established a study to compare two methods, mammography
      and breast self-examination. Screening is under evaluation in women aged 45-64
      years, over a seven year period. Mammography is carried out in health districts
      based on Edinburgh and Guildford and self-examination related to a programme of
      education in Huddersfield and Nottingham. Four other health districts, Bristol,
      Dundee, Oxford and Stoke, act as control areas. A Pathology Review Panel composed
      of pathologists from each participating centre has been established to verify the
      accuracy of the histopathological data. In particular, all lesions in the
      borderline between benign and malignant disease are reviewed together with all
      minimal carcinomas. The Pathology Panel has carried out four consistency surveys
      to improve diagnostic criteria and accuracy, and 83% agreement is now achieved
      with no errors across the benign/malignant border. Review of 'borderline' cases
      from the study is now in progress.

PMID- 6590016
TI  - Health education in the control of breast cancer.

PMID- 6590017
TI  - Progesterone receptors in breast cancer.
AB  - Sixty-six women who had received hormonal therapy for advanced disease were
      assessed for objective response to treatment. Another 51 patients who had
      received chemotherapy were similarly studied. Progesterone receptor was of no
      value as a predictor of patients unlikely to respond to hormone therapy, though
      it may have a role in predicting patients likely to respond favourably. The
      addition of progesterone receptor data to oestrogen receptor data may increase
      prediction of response in the ER+ range but clinicians should be cautious in
      their interpretation of progesterone receptor results in the ER- range.
      Progesterone receptor was of no value in predicting response to chemotherapy in
      this series. Analysis of survival data of 1731 women with primary breast cancer
      showed a highly significant trend toward longer survival in patients with
      progesterone receptor positive tumours than in those with receptor negative
      tumours (P less than 0.001). This trend was evident in both pre- and post
      menopausal women. Even though the prognostic discrimination provided by
      progesterone receptor was correlated with that of oestrogen receptor, the
      addition of progesterone receptor data to oestrogen receptor data significantly
      improved prediction of survival (P less than 0.05).

PMID- 6590018
TI  - The diagnosis and local staging of renal cancer--an appraisal.
AB  - The standard pattern of investigation for renal masses usually involves excretion
      urography, ultrasonography and angiography. This study was undertaken to
      determine whether computed tomography (CT) and fine needle aspiration cytology
      could provide information that might allow this pattern to be modified.
      Diagnostic information was obtained by needle aspiration cytology in 25 patients
      who were shown at operation to have a neoplasm. The diagnosis was correct in 22
      cases (88%). By comparison, arteriography was accurate in 22 out of 24 (92%), and
      computed tomography provided the correct diagnosis in 19 out of 21 (90%). Staging
      was performed surgically and histologically in 21 patients, and when this was
      compared with the results of CT staging there was complete agreement in 13 cases
      (62%). A literature review revealed an average staging accuracy for CT of 81%
      while arteriography was accurate in only 57%. Thus CT appears to be as good as
      arteriography for diagnosis and potentially better for local staging. It is also
      less invasive, rapid and cost effective and could supersede arteriography as the
      primary diagnostic and staging investigation in patients with a solid renal mass.

PMID- 6590019
TI  - Distal ureteral atresia.
AB  - Distal ureteral atresia is a rare congenital anomaly of early childhood. Despite
      the present day diagnostic modalities, the pre-operative diagnosis continues to
      elude the clinicians. A greatly increased space between the bladder and the
      rectum in a lateral excretory urogram, in association with renal and bladder
      alterations, is highly suggestive of distal ureteral atresia. An interesting case
      in an adult is described: its embryogenesis and the diagnostic problems are
      discussed.

PMID- 6590020
TI  - The management of testicular epidermoid cysts and other benign intra-tunica
      albuginea testicular tumours with particular reference to scrotal ultrasound
      studies.
AB  - Malignant tumours of the testis are the leading cause of cancer death in males
      between the ages of 25 and 35. Benign cystic or solid intra-tunica albuginea
      tumours of the testis are rare. Testicular ultrasound studies are not
      sufficiently accurate to establish a pre-operative diagnosis of a benign intra
      tunica albuginea tumour but may assist in the diagnosis of inflammation, unequal
      uniform testicular size or where the anatomy has been altered by previous surgery
      or trauma.

PMID- 6590021
TI  - A prospective study of 100 consecutive carpal scaphoid fractures.

PMID- 6590022
TI  - Blunt injury to the subclavian artery.
AB  - This paper reports two cases of closed injury to the subclavian artery, one
      resulting from avulsion and the other from compression from a seat-belt.
      Diagnosis may be delayed because of the absence of both haemorrhage and distal
      ischaemia. The surgical approach may be via a standard supraclavicular incision,
      but frequently a combined cervicothoracic approach is necessary.

PMID- 6590023
TI  - Antimicrobial management of intracranial abscess.
AB  - Forty-four patients were treated over eight years with intracranial abscess. The
      bacterial flora of these abscesses was determined in 34 cases and 92 organisms of
      54 different species were isolated. Presentation and treatment details were
      standard and are not covered in depth. The most common organisms isolated were
      aerobic streptococci and Bacteroides species. All organisms isolated were
      sensitive to chloramphenicol. An empirical regime of penicillin and
      chloramphenicol proved satisfactory in all cases after culture. The drug of
      choice could usually be selected from penicillin, chloramphenicol, or
      metronidazole. Antibiotics were usually continued for 6-8 weeks following
      diagnosis.

PMID- 6590024
TI  - Haematemesis and melaena at St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne.
AB  - One hundred and fifty-three patients with haematemesis and melaena were studied
      retrospectively. The majority were managed in general medical units. Fifty-one
      per cent had a past history of peptic ulcer and/or bleeding, and only 9% had no
      identifiable predisposing factors. Endoscopy was the major diagnostic tool, with
      a diagnostic rate of 85%. Nineteen per cent of patients had no diagnostic
      investigations performed for varied reasons. The operative rate was 15% overall,
      with an operative mortality of 17%. The presence of other serious disease states
      concomitant with the haematemesis and melaena, and the presence of oesophageal
      varices as the aetiology, were both shown to be associated with statistically
      worse prognoses. Age of greater than 50 years and transfusion of four or more
      units of blood were also associated with a worse prognosis. Overall mortality was
      14%, comparable to or less than that at several institutions, but more than
      double that of a Haematemesis and Melaena Unit in another Melbourne hospital [Br.
      Med. J. 1, 1238-40 (1979)] Patient population should be considered closely when
      comparing mortalities from different series. It is felt that results could be
      improved using a combined medical and surgical approach, and a set protocol of
      management, and that such changes should be monitored via a prospective study.

PMID- 6590025
TI  - Blunt abdominal trauma simulating Crohn's disease of the terminal ileum.
AB  - A case of acute small bowel obstruction is presented occurring five months after
      blunt abdominal trauma due to a seat-belt injury. The problem of early diagnosis
      is discussed. With the increasing use of seat-belts, clinicians should be aware
      of this condition as part of the 'Seat-Belt Syndrome'. Histopathology of the
      affected segment of ileum was found to closely resemble Crohn's Disease.

PMID- 6590026
TI  - A case report of subglottic stenosis.
AB  - A case of idiopathic subglottic stenosis treated by endoscopic laryngeal laser. A
      brief review of other forms of treatment and the place of Respiratory Function
      Tests in diagnosis and management.

PMID- 6590027
TI  - Testicular relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in Malaysia, 1967
      82.
AB  - From 1967-82, 9 children with testicular relapse (TR) of acute lymphoblastic
      leukaemia (ALL) were diagnosed out of 99 boys treated, an incidence of 9.1%. The
      median time from the onset of ALL until diagnosis was 28 months (range 3-41
      months). All were asymptomatic; six were detected on routine examination while
      three were diagnosed only on biopsy. Routine biopsy prior to stopping
      chemotherapy is useful in detecting occult TR. Biopsies should be done on both
      the testes regardless of the clinical findings. The age, leucocyte count and
      hepatosplenomegaly at diagnosis of ALL were not found to be significant factors
      in influencing relapse. Eight children were in bone marrow remission at the time
      of TR, but three had preceding or concurrent meningeal leukaemia while in the
      other five the testis was the first and only site of relapse. Radiotherapy was
      effective in local disease control but failed to prevent bone marrow relapse in
      all except two patients despite continuation of chemotherapy. The median time
      from onset of TR until bone marrow relapse was 7 months (range 3-13 months) and
      the median time until death, was 11 months (range 6-18 months). The frequency of
      testicular relapse may be related to the intensity of either the initial
      induction therapy or the consolidation chemotherapy. Further studies are required
      to determine whether the incidence of testicular relapse will decline with more
      intensive early treatment.

PMID- 6590028
TI  - The Indochinese refugee: an overview.
AB  - A review of some of the sociocultural features of Australia's recently arrived
      51,000 Indochinese refugees is given. The severe disintegration of Vietnamese
      society by two decades of warfare would suggest the likelihood of significant
      psychopathology. This is supported by clinical surveys. The psychological
      responses to migration and resettlement, including persisting feelings of guilt,
      bewilderment and pining, are reviewed, with subsequent difficulties in marriage,
      family, employment and education. Research indicates high continuing levels of
      psychiatric dysfunction especially among refugees lacking social support or
      experiencing status dislocation. Suggestions are made for culturally acceptable
      forms of assessment and therapy.

PMID- 6590029
TI  - Estimated manpower requirements for psychiatrists in Australia 1980-91.
AB  - A postal survey of all practising psychiatrists in Australia, conducted in 1980
      with the purpose of establishing psychiatric manpower requirements for 1980-91,
      is described. It is estimated that in 1980 there was one Whole Time Equivalent
      psychiatrist, aged 65 years or less, per 19,400 population in Australia. The
      relativity of manpower requirements is emphasised. A number of different models
      of estimating future requirements is proposed. The two models most favoured
      estimate a shortfall for the whole of Australia of 294 and 349 psychiatrists,
      respectively, in 1980, and a need for an additional 621 or 692 by 1991. A major
      maldistribution of psychiatrists is identified, viz between states, between
      capital cities and country areas, and between general psychiatry and specialised
      areas. The two issues of the number of trainees required and of how to train
      psychiatrists in special areas of expertise are discussed.

PMID- 6590030
TI  - Psychological and educational correlates of strabismus in school children.
AB  - The results of a study investigating the relationship of psychiatric and
      cognitive disorder with strabismus and its treatment in primary school aged
      children are reported. Results suggest that children with strabismus have a
      higher prevalence of psychiatric disorder, particularly an emotional disorder or
      psychosis. Subjects also had an increased risk of having educational problems and
      of exhibiting difficulties with tasks involving visual perception. Variables
      related to the nature and treatment of the strabismus did not appear influential
      in the development of the psychiatric disorder. Family disruption was
      significantly associated with both the presence of strabismus and emotional and
      behavioural problems in the children reported by parents and teachers.

PMID- 6590031
TI  - Publishing in the parish.
AB  - A consecutive series of 500 papers submitted to the 'Australian and New Zealand
      Journal of Psychiatry' is evaluated to provide information on Journal publication
      procedures, to assess the Journal peer review process and to examine factors
      associated with the outcome of submissions. While the majority of submissions was
      by psychiatrists and psychologists, the highest acceptance rates were for papers
      presented by psychiatric registrars and by psychiatrists. Of the submissions for
      which a final decision had been made, 50% were accepted for publication and very
      few papers were accepted without revision. Regional differences in submission
      rates were noted and, more importantly, regional differences in acceptance rates
      were quantified. A subsidiary analysis suggested that the latter differences
      reflected a general pattern and were not peculiar to, or a reflection of, Journal
      policy.

PMID- 6590032
TI  - Sudden death and flupenthixol decanoate.

PMID- 6590033
TI  - Research.

PMID- 6590034
TI  - ECT.

PMID- 6590035
TI  - Techniques in brief psychotherapy.

PMID- 6590036
TI  - Binge eating and outcome of behavioral treatment of obesity: a preliminary
      report.

PMID- 6590037
TI  - Studies on cellular interactions between stromal and haemopoietic stem cells in
      normal and leukaemic bone marrows.

PMID- 6590038
TI  - Classification of chronic myeloproliferative diseases by bone marrow biopsies.
      Hematological and cytogenetic findings and clinical course.

PMID- 6590039
TI  - Classification of myeloproliferative disorders by bone marrow histology.

PMID- 6590041
TI  - Chloroquine inhibits the production of a mononuclear cell factor by inhibition of
      lectin binding.
AB  - The effect of chloroquine (CQ) on the ability of normal human peripheral blood
      monocytes to produce a soluble mononuclear cell factor (MCF) capable of
      stimulating prostaglandins from adherent rheumatoid synovial cells was studied.
      CQ inhibited concanavalin A (Con A)- and bacterial peptidoglycan-induced MCF
      activity, but not colchicine-induced activity, in a dose-dependent manner. After
      incubation with CQ for 20 minutes, 3H Con A binding was reduced by 50%, and
      metabolism of pre-bound 3H Con A was inhibited. These data suggest that CQ can
      inhibit MCF production by inhibition of lectin binding, perhaps by inhibition of
      receptor recycling.

PMID- 6590040
TI  - 1-0-Hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol stimulates differentiation of HL-60 human
      promyelocytic leukemia cells to macrophage-like cells.
AB  - The human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 can be differentiated to cells
      resembling either neutrophils or mononuclear phagocytes by a diverse group of
      stimuli. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We report that 1-0
      hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol inhibits the growth of HL-60 cells and induces
      differentiation to cells resembling mononuclear phagocytes. HL-60 cultures
      incubated for 6 days with 1-0-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (5 micrograms/ml)
      demonstrated a ten-fold increase in nonspecific esterase activity, and produced
      cells with morphological features similar to those of monocytes and macrophages.
      Higher concentrations of 1-0-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol significantly
      inhibited the growth of HL-60 cells and resulted in the virtual absence of cells
      resembling the original HL-60 line. 1-0-Oleoyl-2-acetyl-rac-glycerol added under
      the same conditions did not induce cell differentiation or inhibit cell growth.

PMID- 6590042
TI  - Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: experience at the Ponce Regional
      Hospital.

PMID- 6590044
TI  - New American college of radiology guidelines on mammography.

PMID- 6590043
TI  - Sinus node and atrial dysfunction during hypercalcemia.

PMID- 6590045
TI  - Ambulatory surgery: when and what procedures.

PMID- 6590046
TI  - Electrocardiographic diagnosis of myocardial infarct.

PMID- 6590047
TI  - Malignant melanoma in Puerto Rico.

PMID- 6590048
TI  - [Pathology review: basal cell carcinoma].

PMID- 6590049
TI  - Heat urticaria clinically simulating solar urticaria.

PMID- 6590050
TI  - Vasculitis--the dermatological approach.

PMID- 6590051
TI  - Cutaneous metastases from internal tumors: a report of 60 cases.

PMID- 6590052
TI  - Kaposi's sarcoma-like tumors due to intravascular papillary endothelial
      hyperplasia.

PMID- 6590053
TI  - Porphyria cutanea tarda mimicking systemic scleroderma.

PMID- 6590054
TI  - Cutaneous atrophy secondary to topical steroids.

PMID- 6590055
TI  - Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei--an unusual granuloma of the face.

PMID- 6590056
TI  - [Pathology review. Calcified aortic stenosis].

PMID- 6590057
TI  - Recent experiences in the surgical treatment of cerebral ischemia: twenty-six
      months period.

PMID- 6590058
TI  - [Serologic indicators in infection by hepatitis virus type B].

PMID- 6590059
TI  - Another look at the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

PMID- 6590060
TI  - [Post-traumatic stress disorders in veterans of the Vietnam War].

PMID- 6590061
TI  - [Pediatric electrocardiography. Sinus arrhythmia].

PMID- 6590062
TI  - Sonography quiz (cervical incompetence).

PMID- 6590063
TI  - Electrocardiogram of the month (heart block and heart septal defects).

PMID- 6590064
TI  - [Brief notes on the acquired immunologic deficiency syndrome].

PMID- 6590065
TI  - [The positive view of stress].

PMID- 6590066
TI  - [Personnel evaluation in nursing].

PMID- 6590067
TI  - [The educator's mission in nursing].

PMID- 6590068
TI  - [Female/male nurses should not fear infection with AIDS].

PMID- 6590069
TI  - [Control of apprehension and anxiety in children's dentistry].

PMID- 6590070
TI  - [Changes in the technics of obtaining bite wing radiographs for the study of
      interproximal caries in children].

PMID- 6590071
TI  - [Acute renal insufficiency as the initial manifestation of leukemia. Report of a
      case].

PMID- 6590072
TI  - [Clinical and cytogenetic staging of chronic myeloid leukemia. Philadelphia
      positive].
AB  - A cooperative study between clinical and cytogenetic steps in 44 patients with
      Ph'+ CGL is reported in order to verific the usefulness of the cytogenetic
      screening for the diagnosis and the right classification of the patients. The
      study of the clinical steps is carried out on the basis of the parameters
      suggested by Tura and coll.; in the one of the cytogenetic steps Sandberg
      classification modified by the Authors is adopted. In 40 cases the comparison
      shows a marrow correspondence between clinical and cytogenetic steps. In fact the
      overage survival in the classical true steps of the disease is almost the sance
      in the 1st and 2nd step. In the 3rd step the survival is strongly reduced meaning
      that the more chromosome alterations are observed the more survival is reduced.

PMID- 6590073
TI  - [Determination of plasma levels of apolipoprotein E and of HDL-cholesterol in
      gouty patients].
AB  - The authors have examined the levels of the plasma cholesterol and triglycerides,
      of the plasma lipoprotein (HDL, LDL, VLDL) and of their main apolipoproteins (apo
      A and apo-B) in a group of 34 patients affected by gout and in a population of
      healthy subjects considered as a contrast group, trying to establish a plausible
      dislipidemic factor which could justify the major occurrence of coronary heart
      disease in patients suffering from gout. Statistical analysis was done with the t
      test. The group of patients affected by gout had significantly higher levels of
      triglycerides and VLDL-C and lower levels of HDL-C than the population of healthy
      subjects. The change of the lipoprotein pattern observed in the patients
      suffering from gout may be linked to reduction of the catabolism of the
      triglycerides rich lipoprotein. This reduction is probably linked to a inhibition
      of lipoprotein lipase.

PMID- 6590074
TI  - [Reduction, by atropine, of symptomatic shock induced by PGF2 alpha in the dog].
AB  - Two groups of 5 bitches different in breed, age and size were given a single dose
      of PGF2 alpha at a dosage of 0.25 and 0.50 mg/kg of body weight respectively.
      Since the administration of PGF2 alpha is usually associated with a syntomatic
      shock in the bitch, four bitches per group were additionally treated with a
      single dose of atropine (0.050 mg/kg). Two of the four bitches were injected with
      atropina I.M. contemporaneously with the PGF2 alpha and the other two at the
      beginning of the symptomatology. Both the former and the latter show a marked
      reduction of symptomatic shock. The AA. discuss the possible use of PGF2 alpha
      associated to the administration of atropine in the current therapy of some
      reproductive disorders of the bitch.

PMID- 6590075
TI  - Conservative management of TMJ disorders.

PMID- 6590076
TI  - The British contribution to dental materials research and its impact on the
      future course of treatment in restorative dentistry.

PMID- 6590078
TI  - Application of rubber dam.

PMID- 6590077
TI  - Mandibular condyle fractures and the BMX bicycle.

PMID- 6590079
TI  - Manpower imbalance in oral surgery.

PMID- 6590080
TI  - Radiographic artefacts.

PMID- 6590081
TI  - An index for measuring the wear of teeth.

PMID- 6590082
TI  - Self-mutilation under combined inferior dental block and solvent intoxication?

PMID- 6590083
TI  - Odontogenic infections.

PMID- 6590084
TI  - Treatment of a labial fenestration of a lower incisor tooth apex.

PMID- 6590086
TI  - Deeds of Covenant.

PMID- 6590085
TI  - The decontamination of a mercury-polluted room with iodised-charcoal filter fans.

PMID- 6590087
TI  - Protection of cells from methotrexate toxicity by 7-hydroxymethotrexate.
AB  - Cell growth survival studies have revealed that 7-OH methotrexate is two orders
      of magnitude less cytotoxic to human melanoma and human acute lymphoblastic
      leukaemia (ALL) cells in vitro than methotrexate. The influence of 7-OH
      methotrexate on methotrexate toxicity was investigated by studying cell growth in
      the presence of methotrexate and its 7-OH metabolite and by studying [3H]
      methotrexate movement across the plasma membrane of isolated human cells.
      Transport was followed for net entry of the drug into drug-free cells, net exit
      of drug into drug-free medium and for unidirectional exit fluxes with drug and/or
      metabolite in the extracellular medium (exchange exit). Results indicate that 7
      OH methotrexate (10(-6) M) interacts with melanoma cells to reduce the initial
      cellular uptake rate of [3H]-methotrexate but that no such interaction occurs
      with ALL cells. Efflux measurements revealed that a stimulatory effect of
      extracellular methotrexate on [3H]-methotrexate exit was apparent and that
      extracellular 7-OH methotrexate had a less stimulatory effect. Overall, loss of
      intracellular drug was greater from melanoma cells than from ALL cells. The
      results suggest that the drug resistance encountered following high dose therapy
      may be due to reduced cellular uptake and/or increased efflux of methotrexate
      from cells, both events being enhanced by 7-OH methotrexate. In addition, there
      is an apparently endogenous resistance of the melanomas to methotrexate as
      regards time of exposure to this agent which could also contribute to the lack of
      clinical response when compared to ALL.

PMID- 6590088
TI  - The treatment of steatocystoma multiplex suppurativum with isotretinoin.

PMID- 6590089
TI  - Simultaneous occurrence of acute myeloid leukaemia and carcinomatosis.

PMID- 6590090
TI  - Successful remission induction in acute myelomonocytic leukaemia using low-dose
      cytosine arabinoside following failure of intensive chemotherapy.

PMID- 6590091
TI  - Sequential karyotypic evolutions and bone marrow aplasia preceding acute
      myelomonocytic transformation from myelodysplastic syndrome.
AB  - Serial haematopathological and cytogenetic studies disclosed three distinct
      clinical phase in a case of refractory anaemia (RA), a subtype of myelodysplastic
      syndrome (MDS; FAB group, 1982): first, chronic MDS phase (1 year 10 months) with
      karyotypic abnormality (45, XY, --7) (Clone I); second, hypo-aplastic phase
      concurrent with first clonal evolution (45, XY, --7, 12p--) (Clone II); third,
      acute myelomonocytic leukaemia phase (6 months) with second clonal evolution (45,
      XY, --7,t (1q --; Bq+), Bq --, 12p --) (Clone III). In the second phase the bone
      marrow became almost aplastic as Clone II expanded progressively, indicating
      simultaneous occurrence in Clone II stem cells of growth advantage for self
      renewal function over Clone I and normal stem cells, and arrest of
      differentiation. These observations support the hypothesis that leukaemic change
      in MDS, at least in RA, occurs by stepwise clonal evolution(s), not by
      progressive arrest of differentiation in original MDS clone.

PMID- 6590092
TI  - Acute myelogenous leukaemia modulated by B12 deficiency: a case with bone marrow
      blast cell assay corroboration.
AB  - A patient is described who appeared to demonstrate modulation of acute
      myelogenous leukaemia with vitamin B12 deprivation. Support for this observation
      was obtained via an in vitro bone marrow blast cell assay. The addition of B12 to
      this patient's bone marrow in vitro significantly stimulated the colony forming
      ability of the blast cells. Patients with B12 deficiency have an increased
      incidence of haematopoietic malignancies and excessive replacement of B12 may in
      some cases have the potential of accelerating such disorders. Intensive B12
      replacement in refractory megaloblastic anaemias should be done with caution.

PMID- 6590093
TI  - Abnormal concentrations of prostaglandins in amniotic fluid during delayed labour
      in multigravid patients.
AB  - Concentrations of prostaglandins E (PGE), F2 alpha (PGF), 13,14-dihydro-15-keto
      prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM), 6-keto F1 alpha and thromboxane B2 were measured
      by specific radioimmunoassay in samples of amniotic fluid from 22 multigravid
      patients during labour. Normal labour in 10 patients was associated with a
      significant increase of PGE, PGF and PGFM with close correlation to cervical
      dilatation (P less than 0.05). In the 12 patients with clinically delayed labour,
      in the absence of cephalopelvic disproportion, there were significantly lower PGF
      (P less than 0.002) and PGFM (P less than 0.05) concentrations obtained while no
      differences were observed in the other prostanoids measured. Administration of
      oxytocin to the latter group to enhance labour did not have any effect on the
      concentrations of prostaglandins obtained in spite of an improvement in
      intrauterine pressures and accelerated progress of labour.

PMID- 6590094
TI  - Effect of oxytocin on plasma concentrations of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto
      prostaglandin F and the oxytocin-associated neurophysin during the estrous cycle
      and early pregnancy in the ewe.
AB  - This study was undertaken to determine the effect of exogenous oxytocin on plasma
      concentrations of the prostaglandin (PG) F metabolite 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF
      (PGFM) and the oxytocin-associated neurophysin (OT-N) during the estrous cycle
      and early pregnancy in the ewe. Ewes were given oxytocin (250 mU, i.v.) on Days 3
      (n = 4), 8 (n = 5), 13 (n = 4) or 14 (n = 5) of the estrous cycle, and a further
      6 ewes were injected on Days 13 (n = 2) and 14 (n = 4) of pregnancy. No
      significant rises in plasma concentrations of PGFM were observed on Days 3 and 8
      of the estrous cycle and on Days 13 and 14 of pregnancy. A marked increase in
      plasma PGFM concentrations occurred on Day 14 of the estrous cycle with the PGFM
      levels rising from a mean basal value of 120 pg/ml to a mean maximum value of 415
      pg/ml within 2-10 min of administering oxytocin (P less than 0.001). No increases
      in plasma OT-N concentrations were found in early pregnancy and only 1 of 4 ewes
      at Day 14 of the cycle showed any significant increase in OT-N concentrations. It
      is concluded that there is an increase in the responsiveness of the uterine-PGF
      secretory system to oxytocin during the latter stages of the estrous cycle.
      During early pregnancy this response was blocked by the presence of the
      embryo.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6590095
TI  - Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme activity in malignant haematological diseases.
AB  - The isoenzymes 1 and 2 (LDH1 and LDH2) of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were studied
      in the serum of 32 patients with malignant haematological diseases. In non
      Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) a diminution in LDH1 and an increase in LDH2 was a sign of
      evolution towards a more aggressive phase of the disease, or the absence of
      clinical remission, even when no significant variation of total LDH can be
      observed in the serum. In acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), the isoenzymatic
      variations are not an early indication of relapse. No significant variations in
      serum LDH or of these isoenzymes was observed in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
      (CLL) or Hodgkin's disease (HD). Only in NHL did the variations of LDH1 and LDH2
      appear to be a biochemical marker of the tumour process and of cellular
      differentiation.

PMID- 6590096
TI  - Surface phenotype of clonogenic cells in acute myeloid leukemia defined by
      monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - Colony-forming cells in ten cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were studied
      with six cytotoxic monoclonal antibodies that react with antigens expressed at
      discrete stages of differentiation of normal and leukemic hematopoietic cells.
      The reactivity of the whole leukemic population was measured by indirect
      immunofluorescence, and the reactivity of the colony-forming cells was
      established by complement-mediated cytotoxicity and by fluorescence activated
      cell sorting. Comparison of the immunofluorescent reactivity with cytotoxicity
      and cell sorting showed that colony-forming cells were found within a fraction of
      the leukemic subpopulations that expresses these antigens. This finding implies
      that immunofluorescence reactivity of the total leukemic population does not
      necessarily predict the phenotype of the clonogenic cells. When the surface
      phenotype of the clonogenic leukemic cells was compared to that previously
      established for normal marrow hemopoietic clonogenic cells, several patterns were
      seen: (1) in four of ten cases, the clonogenic cells expressed a phenotype like
      that of relatively mature normal granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells
      (late CFU-GM) or, (2) in two cases, a phenotype similar to the less mature colony
      forming cells (early CFU-GM or CFU-GEMM), and (3) in four cases, a composite
      phenotype of early and late CFU-GM. Thus, the level of impairment of
      differentiation in AML may vary from case to case. In those cases phenotypically
      similar to the late CFU-GM, it may be possible to separate leukemic clonogenic
      cells from less mature normal clonogenic cells using monoclonal antibodies
      selectively cytotoxic for the late CFU-GM.

PMID- 6590097
TI  - Lineage switch in acute leukemia.
AB  - Conversions of leukemic cell lineage (lymphoid or myeloid) have been reported
      only rarely. Our review of the cytochemical and immunophenotypic features of 89
      cases of childhood leukemia in marrow relapse indicated lineage switch (lymphoid
      to myeloid or the reverse) in six patients (6.7%). Five patients with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at diagnosis had converted to acute nonlymphoblastic
      leukemia (ANLL), and one had converted from ANLL to ALL. Each child received
      lineage-specific multiagent chemotherapy when initially diagnosed, and all
      achieved a complete remission. After conversion, four patients readily achieved
      second remissions with treatment for the phenotype evident at lineage switch. Two
      patients with ANLL at conversion failed ALL-directed reinduction, while one of
      the two responded to high-dose cytarabine but died during bone marrow hypoplasia,
      emphasizing the importance of prompt recognition of lineage switch and selection
      of an appropriate plan of retreatment. Cytogenetic studies disclosed evidence of
      clonal selection in one patient and clonal stability in two. These findings
      indicate an unexpectedly high frequency of lineage switch in patients who relapse
      in the bone marrow after intensive chemotherapy. Although specific causative
      factors could not be identified, our observations suggest at least two general
      mechanisms for lineage switch in acute leukemia. In one, chemotherapy appears to
      eradicate the dominant clone present at diagnosis, permitting expansion of a
      secondary clone with a different phenotype. In the second, drug-induced changes
      in the original clone may either amplify or suppress differentiation programs so
      that phenotypic shift is possible.

PMID- 6590098
TI  - Primary osteosarcoma of the breast.

PMID- 6590099
TI  - 'Lot's wife' syndrome in acute myeloid leukaemia.

PMID- 6590100
TI  - [An experimental model for the study of the physiology of the masticatory muscles
      in the rat].

PMID- 6590101
TI  - [The role of surface conditions in dentistry: the aspect of surface finish].

PMID- 6590102
TI  - [Initial Bennett movement. Clinical experimentation and therapeutic
      consequences].

PMID- 6590103
TI  - [Development of an abrasion index].

PMID- 6590104
TI  - [Evidence of circular binding induced during the cooling of ceramo-metallic
      materials].

PMID- 6590105
TI  - [An argument for the adoption of a single prosthetic reference line: the 1-6
      line].

PMID- 6590106
TI  - [Occlusion: the balance of function. 1].

PMID- 6590107
TI  - Expand your practice: part six.

PMID- 6590108
TI  - Examining the soft tissues in routine dental hygiene practice.

PMID- 6590109
TI  - Nutrition to meet the needs of the elderly.

PMID- 6590110
TI  - Change in phenotype in long-term cultures of a clonal rat bone cell line: switch
      to the synthesis of alpha 1(I)-trimer collagen.
AB  - A number of bone cell clones isolated from rat calvaria have been maintained in
      culture for more than 3 years. Several of these clones have undergone dramatic
      changes in phenotype. One of these clones, RCB 2.2, was observed originally to
      have a fibroblastic morphology in culture and to respond to parathyroid hormone
      (PTH), but not prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), with an increase in intracellular cAMP.
      Throughout several passages in early subcultures, these cells synthesized mostly
      type I collagen, with small amounts of type III and type V collagens. Whereas PTH
      had no detectable effect on collagen synthesis, PGE2 decreased the amount of
      total cell layer collagen, with the greatest effect on type III collagen, while
      increasing the proportion of type V collagen. Subsequent studies on these cells
      during 3 years in culture have indicated changes in their phenotype including a
      progressive change in morphology to a more cuboidal shape and a change in
      collagen synthesis, the cells producing large amounts of the "embryonic"
      collagen, alpha 1(I) trimer. The reason(s) for the change in collagen expression
      is unknown, but may be the result of a change in which gene(s) is being
      expressed.

PMID- 6590111
TI  - Cerebrovascular accident due to embolism of a leukemic thrombus.

PMID- 6590112
TI  - The hypereosinophilic syndrome in acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - A 21-year-old white man presented with marked peripheral blood eosinophilia that
      later evolved into acute lymphocytic leukemia (FAB2 ALL). He died precipitously
      from refractory congestive heart failure immediately after antileukemic therapy
      was started. Autopsy revealed multiorgan infiltration with eosinophils and the
      typical cardiac findings of Lofflers endocarditis. Clinical and pathologic
      features of this and the 14 other cases of ALL and the hypereosinophilic syndrome
      (HES) reported in the English-language literature are described. The eosinophilia
      in these cases is reactive and resolves with successful leukemia remission
      induction. Hydroxyurea is effective in rapidly lowering eosinophil counts. Early
      use of hydroxyurea in this disease may improve patient survival and decrease the
      risk of sudden cardiac death.

PMID- 6590113
TI  - Prolymphocytic leukemia. Serial responses to therapy.
AB  - Prolymphocytic leukemia is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by
      marked lymphocytosis, massive splenomegaly, minimal lymphadenopathy, and poor
      prognosis. Previous reports have noted very short survival, and poor response to
      single agent alkylator chemotherapy. A small number of reports have shown
      response to combination chemotherapy regimens including Adriamycin (doxorubicin).
      A case of prolymphocytic leukemia with serial responses to combination
      chemotherapy and splenectomy resulting in significant prolongation of survival is
      reported.

PMID- 6590114
TI  - Non-T, non-B childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Correlation between
      cytochemical markers and first complete remission.
AB  - The positivity for four cytochemical reactions, acid phosphatase (AcP), alpha
      naphtyl acid acetate esterase (ANAE), beta-glucuronidase (BG), and N-acetyl beta
      glucosaminidase (NABG) was correlated to first remission duration in 120 children
      affected with non-T, non-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The percentages of
      patients remaining in complete remission at 72 months were always higher for
      children whose blasts lacked these enzymatic reactions; however, a statistical
      difference was found only between BG+ and BG- ALL. It also appears that more
      complete enzymatic patterns of leukemic cells are associated with a poorer
      prognosis. The percentage of patients still in their first remission was 89% for
      leukemias with no cytochemical markers, 59% when one reaction was present, but
      less than 39% when two or more enzymes were detected in the blasts. It is
      noteworthy that the blasts of patients with more severe prognosis demonstrated a
      simultaneous positivity for AcP-ANAE or BG-NABG cytochemical reactions. The
      possible usefulness of these cytochemical markers to detect subsets of patients
      with different prognostic significance among non-T, non-B ALL is discussed.

PMID- 6590115
TI  - Hepatocellular toxicity during the treatment of refractory acute leukemia with
      indicine N-oxide.
AB  - Indicine N-oxide is the first member of the large class of compounds comprised of
      pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides to be studied in the treatment of
      cancer in humans. Twenty-two patients with refractory acute leukemia received
      indicine N-oxide daily for 5 consecutive days in a dose-seeking study. Of eight
      patients with refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia, one had a complete
      remission, and one had a partial remission. Of 11 patients with refractory acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia, 2 patients had complete remissions. Of three patients
      with blast crisis of chronic granulocytic leukemia, one patient had a partial
      remission. Five patients had severe hepatic toxicity, probably due to veno
      occlusive disease induced by the drug. Whether hepatotoxicity and antileukemic
      activity are a result of the same mechanism of action of indicine N-oxide is not
      known.

PMID- 6590116
TI  - Prediction of response to chemotherapy in acute leukemia by in vitro drug
      sensitivity testing on leukemic stem cells.
AB  - Twenty-two patients with acute myeloid leukemia were studied for in vitro drug
      sensitivity of the leukemic clonogenic cells in agar. The cells were preincubated
      for 1 hr with 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C; 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and
      2.4 micrograms/ml) or daunorubicin (0.018, 0.037, 0.075, 0.15, and 0.30
      micrograms/ml), washed, and plated in agar, and cluster/colonies were counted
      after 10 days of incubation. Survival curves were constructed and used for
      calculation of the surviving fraction of clonogenic cells. In 18 patients treated
      with thioguanine-daunorubicin-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-prednisone, the
      in vitro drug sensitivities could be correlated to the in vivo response to
      therapy. Patients who entered remission (12 of 18) were significantly more
      sensitive to ara-C (p less than 0.005) and to daunorubicin (p less than 0.02)
      than patients who did not enter remission (six of 18). All patients who entered
      remission, except two, had normal or increased sensitivity to both drugs, and all
      patients who did not enter remission, with one exception, had decreased
      sensitivity to one or both drugs. Comparison of the cytostatic effect of
      [3H]thymidine and ara-C suggested that, in some cases, ara-C killed more
      clonogenic cells than those in S phase, and in some cases, the cells seemed to be
      metabolically resistant to ara-C. We conclude that in vitro drug sensitivity
      tests on leukemic clonogenic cells reflect the patient's in vivo response to the
      tested drugs and may be used to study the biological properties of leukemic stem
      cells that determine their drug sensitivity.

PMID- 6590117
TI  - Distribution of human Class I (HLA-A,B,C) histocompatibility antigens in normal
      and malignant tissues of nonlymphoid origin.
AB  - Indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining of surgically removed
      tissues of nonlymphoid origin with monoclonal antibodies to the heavy and light
      chain of HLA-A,B,C antigens have shown that they have a more restricted tissue
      distribution than previously assumed. HLA-A,B,C antigens were not detected in
      brain cortex, cerebellum, sympathetic ganglia, hypophysis, parathyroid gland,
      thyroid, exocrine pancreas, hepatocytes, sperm, seminiferous tubules, or skeletal
      or smooth muscle. Malignant transformation of cells may be associated with
      appearance, changes in cellular distribution of HLA-A,B,C antigens, and/or
      dissociation in the expression of the two subunits. Analysis of primary tumors
      and of autologous metastases showed heterogeneity in the expression of HLA-A,B,C
      antigens among lesions removed from different sites. The degree of heterogeneity
      did not correlate with the site of origin of metastases.

PMID- 6590118
TI  - Loss of sensitivity to xylitol by Streptococcus mutans LG-1.

PMID- 6590119
TI  - Influence of xylitol on demineralization of enamel.

PMID- 6590120
TI  - Surface ultrastructure of unerupted mature human enamel.

PMID- 6590121
TI  - Effect of an APF pretreatment on in vitro remineralization of initial enamel
      lesions.

PMID- 6590122
TI  - Migration of fluoride in the mouth.

PMID- 6590123
TI  - Development of a self-gelling liquid fluoride composition for the application to
      teeth.

PMID- 6590124
TI  - Determination of bromine in the hard dental tissues by epithermal neutron
      activation analysis.

PMID- 6590125
TI  - Effect of topical application of alginate containing fluoride or fluoride and
      chlorhexidine on dental caries in rats.

PMID- 6590126
TI  - Potential cariogenicity of Lycasin 80/55 in comparison to starch, sucrose,
      xylitol, sorbitol and L-sorbose in rats.

PMID- 6590127
TI  - Occlusion and periodontitis.

PMID- 6590129
TI  - The dentist's company computer system. Why? How? So what?

PMID- 6590128
TI  - Possible roles of phosphoproteins in mineralization.

PMID- 6590130
TI  - The diagnosis of AIDS and AIDS related complex in the dental office: findings in
      171 homosexual males.

PMID- 6590131
TI  - The relationship between nutrition an diet and dental caries/periodontal disease.

PMID- 6590132
TI  - Food fads, fallacies and frauds.

PMID- 6590133
TI  - Preventive programs and motivation for behavior change.

PMID- 6590134
TI  - Fad diets for the treatment of obesity.

PMID- 6590135
TI  - The influence of 3-aminopropionitrile on experimental dental caries development
      in rats.

PMID- 6590136
TI  - Hepatic macromolecular covalent binding of the hepatocarcinogen 2,6
      dinitrotoluene and its 2,4-isomer in vivo: modulation by the sulfotransferase
      inhibitors pentachlorophenol and 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol.
AB  - The sulfotransferase inhibitors 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol and pentachlorophenol
      were used to investigate the role of sulfate ester formation during the in vivo
      bioactivation of 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene (DNT). Male F-344 rats were
      administered one of the sulfotransferase inhibitors (40 mu mol/kg i.p.) 45 min
      prior to oral administration of 28 mg/kg [ring-14C]-2,4-DNT or [3-3H]-2,6-DNT and
      killed 12 h later. Pentachlorophenol had no significant effect on the urinary
      excretion of the benzyl glucuronide or benzoic acid metabolites of 2,6-DNT. The
      sulfotransferase inhibitors decreased the total hepatic macromolecular covalent
      binding of 2,4-DNT by 33%, and of 2,6-DNT by 69%. Purification of hepatic DNA by
      hydroxylapatite chromatography indicated covalent binding of 2,4- and 2,6-DNT at
      levels of 45 and 94 pmol equivalents/mg DNA, respectively. The sulfotransferase
      inhibitors decreased the binding of the hepatocarcinogen 2,6-DNT to hepatic DNA
      by greater than 95%. 2,6-Dichloro-4-nitrophenol decreased the binding of 2,4-DNT
      to DNA by greater than 84% while the decrease due to pentachlorophenol was 33%.
      These results suggest that sulfation is important in the biotransformation of 2,4
      and 2,6-DNT to reactive metabolites which covalently bind to DNA. 3H2O was
      detected in the urine of rats administered [3-3H]-2,6-DNT. Pentachlorophenol
      decreased 3H2O formation to the same extent as it decreased the total hepatic
      macromolecular covalent binding of 2,6-DNT, suggesting that 3H exchange at the 3
      position of 2,6-DNT occurs following sulfate ester formation. These results are
      consistent with a nitrenium-carbonium ion resonance of the sulfate ester-derived
      reactive intermediate of 2,6-DNT.

PMID- 6590137
TI  - [Clinical observations on treatment of Dipetalonema perstans and loa loa
      filariasis with furapyrimidone].

PMID- 6590138
TI  - The timesaving superbill--use it for maximum efficiency.

PMID- 6590139
TI  - Polishing up your resume.

PMID- 6590141
TI  - Rotary cutting, finishing and polishing instruments.

PMID- 6590140
TI  - Personal hygiene and dental office asepsis.

PMID- 6590142
TI  - Technical updating! Opportunities abound in buyers' market.

PMID- 6590143
TI  - All about computers for the dental staff.

PMID- 6590145
TI  - Dental insurance: practice builder for the '80s.

PMID- 6590144
TI  - Asepsis in the operatory.

PMID- 6590146
TI  - Dealing with insurance companies.

PMID- 6590147
TI  - Guarding against eye injuries.

PMID- 6590148
TI  - The light story.

PMID- 6590149
TI  - Patient interviews. Learn to listen!

PMID- 6590150
TI  - New patients: thriving practice.

PMID- 6590151
TI  - Developing an office brochure.

PMID- 6590152
TI  - Incidence and detection of testicular leukemia in children.

PMID- 6590153
TI  - Linkage of plasma alpha-L-fucosidase (FUCA2) and the plasminogen (PLG) system.
AB  - Plasma fucosidase (FUCA2) was examined by means of a technique using p
      nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside as substrate. The material consisted of normal
      Danish families, including 1,672 unrelated persons (parents). In this material
      the low activity allele frequency was found to be plow = 0.286 which agrees with
      earlier studies in European populations. The allele frequencies did not differ
      significantly between the sexes. Segregation ratios agreed with the hypothesis
      that 'low' is due to an autosomal recessive allele. Our results give a strong
      indication of linkage for FUCA2-PLG (z = 7.37 theta = 0.12) in males, and the
      linkage may be considered as formally demonstrated. The PLG-system as judged from
      our indication of linkage with GC (z = 2.35, theta = 0.30 in males) is then
      possibly located on chromosome 4p (Eiberg et al. 1981).

PMID- 6590154
TI  - Chromosome studies on normal males in 16 families with the marker X chromosome.

PMID- 6590155
TI  - Standardization of endodontic instruments and materials: expectations and
      reality. Part 1: Development of the system.

PMID- 6590156
TI  - Prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 6590157
TI  - Local treatment with aluminium hydroxide solution in burning mouth syndrome.

PMID- 6590158
TI  - Focal osteoporotic bone-marrow defect of the jaw.

PMID- 6590159
TI  - Jaw fractures: treatment by combined surgical and prosthodontic approach.

PMID- 6590160
TI  - Limb salvage and rotationplasty for osteosarcoma in children.
AB  - Limb salvage was previously described for patients with osteogenic sarcoma who
      had resectable lesions. In the very young child the usual methods of
      reconstruction are not applicable due to the resulting major leg-length
      inequality. One solution is to resect the lesion in accordance with good cancer
      surgery guidelines and then perform a rotationplasty of the Van Nes type. The
      ankle then functions as a knee joint, and the final result is a below-knee
      amputation rather than a high above-knee amputation. Functional results in two
      patients were remarkably good.

PMID- 6590161
TI  - Tc-99m colloid lung uptake in a rare case of toxoplasmosis with liver
      involvement.
AB  - Intensive lung accumulation of colloid (Tc-99m phytate) was demonstrated in a
      child suffering from acquired toxoplasmosis with a rare manifestation of severe
      liver damage. The possible mechanism and clinical importance of colloid lung
      concentration in this case is briefly discussed, including a review of the
      literature on this subject.

PMID- 6590162
TI  - An evaluation of diagnostic techniques utilized in the initial workup of
      pediatric patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - The records of 32 pediatric patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were
      reviewed to evaluate the role of various diagnostic techniques used to assess the
      extent of extramedullary disease. Our findings indicate that adequate screening
      for hepatosplenomegaly is obtained by clinical assessment and for bone and renal
      involvement by bone scintigraphy including concomitant renal imaging. We
      recommend that radiographs be restricted to scintigraphically abnormal areas
      and/or sites of bone pain. Liver-spleen scintigraphy, gallium studies,
      intravenous pyelography, and ultrasound studies of the abdomen and pelvis should
      be utilized only to answer specific clinical questions. Evaluation in this manner
      reduces both radiation exposure and patient expense, while it adequately defines
      the extent of disease in these organs.

PMID- 6590163
TI  - Whole body gallium-67 citrate scintigraphy in a patient with sarcoidosis and
      biopsy-proven erythema nodosum.

PMID- 6590164
TI  - Scintigraphic patterns in certain primary malignant bone tumours.
AB  - The diagnosis of solitary bone lesions can be difficult. Skeletal scintigraphy
      has not achieved a major role for this purpose, being used primarily to determine
      the presence of metastatic disease. The scintigraphs of 52 patients, comprising
      22 with osteogenic sarcoma, 16 with Ewing's sarcoma and 14 with chondrosarcoma,
      were reviewed. This comparison revealed that each tumour tends to be associated
      with a characteristic pattern permitting a particular diagnosis to be suggested,
      thus improving specificity and contributing to patient management.

PMID- 6590166
TI  - Reversal of setting expansion of gypsum-bonded investment containing admixed
      CaSO4.2H2O.

PMID- 6590165
TI  - Dependence of urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion on urinary volume rather than
      solute handling or segmental nephron function in man.
AB  - Eight normal subjects underwent water loading alone and water loading plus 40 mg
      of frusemide IV, fluid intake ad libitum alone and fluid intake ad libitum plus
      frusemide, plus each of the preceding after pretreatment with indomethacin. After
      frusemide administration, increases in urinary sodium excretion paralleled
      increases in urinary volume, and urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) excretion
      correlated closely with sodium excretion (y = 1.03x - 0.28; r = 0.940; P less
      than 0.0001). In the absence of the diuretic, urinary volume varied over a wide
      range with little change in sodium excretion. Again, urinary PGE2 excretion
      correlated with urinary sodium excretion (y = 0.12x + 0.05; r = 0.789; P less
      than 0.002). However, the correlation differed markedly from that observed in the
      studies with frusemide. Expressing urinary PGE2 excretion as a function of
      urinary volume for all of the studies resulted in a highly significant
      correlation (y = 10.7x - 0.70; r = 0.975; P less than 0.0001). Multiple and
      stepwise regression analyses assessing the correlation of urinary PGE2 excretion
      with urinary flow rate and with indices of function of various nephron segments
      indicate that the correlation with urinary PGE2 could be predominantly accounted
      for by urinary volume. We conclude that in the condition of this study in man,
      urinary PGE2 excretion is a correlate of urinary volume.

PMID- 6590167
TI  - Change in the compressive strength of low and high copper amalgams in relation to
      time.

PMID- 6590168
TI  - Physical properties of a high copper alloy amalgam into which tannin fluoride
      preparation was incorporated.

PMID- 6590169
TI  - Experimental studies and modelling of light distribution in photopolymerizable
      composite materials.

PMID- 6590170
TI  - Mechanism of distortion of precious alloy restoration at high temperatures (part
      1). Deflection at high temperatures in Au-Pt-Pd alloy system.

PMID- 6590171
TI  - Primary fibromyalgia syndrome: current concepts.
AB  - PFS is a characteristic and clinically recognizable rheumatologic syndrome. It is
      a very common condition, but only recently has investigational interest grown in
      this interesting syndrome. PFS should be diagnosed by its own characteristic
      features and not merely by excluding other conditions. Pathophysiology of PFS is
      not well understood at this time and needs further study. Sleep EEG studies in
      PFS have revealed disturbed non-REM sleep, and normal volunteers deprived of non
      REM sleep develop many features of non-REM sleep develop many features of PFS,
      including musculoskeletal aching, tenderness, and fatigue. Psychologic studies
      have shown that only a subset of PFS patients have shown that only a subset of
      PFS patients are significantly disturbed as determined by MMPI scores, and PFS
      patients as a group are more stressed than RA patients and normal controls as
      measured by Holmes-Rahe Life Events Inventory. It appears that chronic anxiety
      stress causes muscle spasm that can be appreciated clinically in some patients
      and indirectly, possibly by electron microscopic findings of muscle biopsy.
      Likely role of other factors, e.g., constitutional, trauma, posture, and weather
      are also discussed. Biochemical transmitters of pain remain to be studied in PFS.
      Lack of a specific physical or laboratory finding should not deter acceptance of
      PFS as an entity, since such specific findings are absent in other similar and
      well-accepted conditions, e.g., irritable bowel syndrome, with which PFS shares
      many other common features, including muscle tenderness and spasm. PFS is
      different from psychogenic pain, and any implication by a physician that it is
      "all in the head" is certain to perpetuate chronic pain and disability.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6590172
TI  - Effect of fluoridation on dental health in 5- and 11-year-old Irish
      schoolchildren.
AB  - Sixty percent of the population of the Republic of Ireland live in communities
      served with fluoridated water supplies. A study was carried out to compare dental
      caries levels, treatment needs, and the cost of meeting these needs, in one town
      with fluoridated water supplies and two smaller towns without. In the fluoridated
      town 5-yr-old children had 36% less caries and would cost 29% less to treat than
      the corresponding age group in the non-fluoridated towns. Restorative treatment
      levels in both areas were minimal for this age group. In the 11-yr-old children
      there was a 42% difference in DMFT and a cost saving in treatment required
      because of caries of 50% in favour of the fluoridated community. Anterior
      permanent teeth benefited most, with a reduction of 81% in mean DMFT. In both
      areas most of the decay was seen in the permanent first molar teeth. Restorative
      treatment levels, while higher for the 11-yr-old age group, were still
      unsatisfactory.

PMID- 6590173
TI  - Five-year double-blind fluoridated milk study in Scotland.
AB  - A 5-yr double-blind fluoridated milk study has been completed and, following
      baseline stratification, 94 children aged 4 1/2/5 1/2 yr were allocated to the
      test group and 93 to the control. Each subject received 200 ml school milk daily,
      identification between the test and control plastic packs being by colour-coding
      alone with the former containing 1.5 mgF- giving a potential topical benefit of
      approximately 7 ppmF- per school day. After 5 yr, 50 of the test children
      remained and 56 of the controls. While the mean DMFT incremental data relating to
      permanent teeth was always in favour of the test group, it was not until the
      fourth year that a significant difference was obtained (P less than 0.01) between
      the fluoridated group (mean, 1.65) and the non-fluoridated group (mean, 2.56).
      For permanent teeth which were unerupted at baseline, the mean DMFS differences
      increased to 39.6% at the same time and to 48.0% by the fifth year. No benefit
      was noted for previously erupted primary teeth. Cavitation was less in the test
      group throughout the study. When the third, fourth and fifth year DMFT reductions
      obtained were compared with previously published artificial water fluoridated
      data where children were of comparable age at the onset of water adjustment,
      similar caries inhibition data were noted.

PMID- 6590174
TI  - Effect of annual application of polyurethane lacquer containing silane-fluoride.
AB  - The effect of an annual application of a F- -lacquer on dental caries was
      investigated in a 3-yr study. Two groups of children 10 and 12 yr of age at
      baseline were examined. At the end of the study no significant difference in DMFS
      could be detected between test and control group. The following factors might
      have affected this negative result: firstly, the use of other forms of F-
      supplementation, secondly, the relatively low caries experience in both groups
      and thirdly, the frequency and mode of application of the F- -lacquer.

PMID- 6590175
TI  - Rural dental program in Haiti.
AB  - A rural dental program located on La Gonave, an island near the coast of Haiti is
      described along with demographic characteristics of the local population. The
      oral health of 61 adolescents and young adults seen during screening examinations
      was assessed. Caries free individuals made up 14.8% of the population. The mean
      DMFT for the group was 4.20. The OHIS score for the sample was 1.35; the PI score
      was 0.39. No significant association was found between DMFT, OHIS, PI and sex.
      One subject had a PI score 5.8 standard deviations from the mean score for the
      group and exhibited signs suggesting juvenile periodontitis.

PMID- 6590176
TI  - Differentiating positively and negatively health oriented Finnish university
      students by discriminant analyses.
AB  - Dental health practices among Finnish university students were studied in 1980.
      In order to obtain more information about the factors associated with different
      health status this problem was studied using linear discriminant analyses. 360
      students were separately classified into fifths according to increasing
      individual VPI, GBI and DMFS index scores. According to the classification, the
      students of the two first fifths with lowest mean index scores were combined in
      the positively health oriented group. The students with low VPI and GBI index
      scores reported that they brushed their teeth most frequently. Also the good
      results of the dip-slide method for counting salivary lactobacilli correlated
      well with the low VPI and DMFS index scores. In the discriminant analysis
      toothbrushing frequency was the most important single variable related to a good
      VPI score. By a computer method, 64% of the students were found to be correctly
      placed in the group of the positively health oriented. The corresponding
      percentage for the negatively oriented was 69%. The most important single
      variable related to good GBI and DMFS scores was subjective estimation of
      condition of dentition. According to GBI score the method correctly placed 57% of
      the students in the group of the positively and 69% in the group of the
      negatively health oriented. The respective percentages for DMFS-index were 65%
      and 68%. The predictor variables failed to make an important contribution toward
      explaining the great variations in the oral health status indicators.

PMID- 6590177
TI  - Regularity of dental attendance in the Netherlands related to preference for
      preservation of teeth.
AB  - In order to study the relationship between regularity of dental attendance and
      the value attached to the retaining of the teeth, a survey has been carried out
      among 25-yr-olds in Amsterdam. The value attached to retention was
      operationalized threefold and was analyzed with, among others, principal
      component analysis for discrete variables (HOMALS). It has been found that
      regular dental attenders, compared to irregulars, give a higher priority to
      retention of the teeth than to other items, are willing to spend a larger amount
      of money to prevent loss of the teeth, and have a greater aversion to full
      dentures at both the present age and when 50 yr old. These findings are
      discussed. Based upon measures of association between the three
      operationalizations of the value attached to retention of the teeth, it is
      suggested that these operationalizations deal with different aspects of the
      attitude towards full dentures.

PMID- 6590178
TI  - Prevalence and distribution of gingivitis, periodontitis and missing teeth in
      adolescents and adults according to GPM/T index.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to determine the distribution and the
      prevalence of periodontal disease in adolescents and adults using the WHO method
      TRS 621 and to propose a method of presenting the results by a simple index
      system. On the basis of a medium term longitudinal 5-yr project 1048 subjects
      were examined in age group 1 (15-19 yr) and 425 subjects in age group 2 (35-44
      yr). Each subject had a full mouth examination for the presence of supra- or
      subgingival calculus, pocketing, bleeding and recession and the PI (Russell).
      These epidemiologic data were characterized by the ratio
      Gingivitis:Periodontitis:Missing teeth by using solely the recordings for
      bleeding, pockets and missing teeth. The mean GPM index in Group 1 was
      15.4:0.6:0.8. The mean GPM index in Group 2 was 12.0:4.6:7.7. The Periodontal
      Index is more subjective than the TRS 621 method. Full mouth recording is
      required for the suggested GPM/T index analogous to the DMFT index. This new
      scoring ratio makes it possible to present data of the progression rate of
      periodontal disease by the increment of tooth related P/T and M/T. Both indices
      with the common M-value (Missing) might be used for longitudinal programs of
      control and prevention of periodontal disease and dental caries.

PMID- 6590179
TI  - Australian longitudinal study of time and order of eruption of primary teeth.
AB  - Timing and sequence of eruption of primary teeth were studied longitudinally in
      164 healthy Australian children. Eruption of primary teeth typically began
      between 7 and 8 months and was completed by 28 months. Tooth eruption was not
      significantly related to growth rate or to psychomotor maturity. Comparison of
      the eruption ages in this study with those from longitudinal studies in other
      countries suggests that no real changes in these have occurred over 40 yr despite
      increased affluence in industrialised countries over that period.

PMID- 6590180
TI  - Periodontal disease and approximal overhangs on amalgam restorations in Norwegian
      21-year-olds.
AB  - The prevalence of periodontal disease and overhanging approximal amalgam
      restorations in molars and premolars was registered in a clinical and
      radiographic examination of Norwegian adults (born 1959). A random sample of 250
      persons was drawn from the populations of two neighboring towns where the Public
      Dental Services had operated different preventive programs. Results pertain to
      approximately 175 subjects whose mean age was 21.5 yr (SD 0.3). Twelve subjects
      had no gingival bleeding and the mean Gingival Bleeding Index of the group was
      30.8 (SD 17.6). No pocket depth exceeded 5 mm. In eight subjects the radiographic
      distance from the cementoenamel junction to the interproximal alveolar crest was
      greater than 2 mm at one or more teeth. The mean number of filled approximal
      surfaces in molars and premolars was 12.8 (SD 6.8). Approximal overhangs were
      present in 87% of subjects, and at 1/4 of restorations. Ninety-six percent of
      overhangs were less than 0.5 mm. There was no significant difference between the
      different subgroups of the sample for any of the variables studied.

PMID- 6590181
TI  - Oral anomalies in Nigerian children.
AB  - A total of 2203 Nigerian school-age children (10-19 yr) were examined clinically
      for the presence of oral anomalies. The following prevalence figures were found:
      commissural lip pits (2.9%), ankyloglossia (0.2%), geographic tongue (0.3%),
      fissured tongue (0.8%), torus palatinus (4.5%), torus mandibularis (1.9%),
      snowcap type amelogenesis imperfecta (0.2%), localized enamel hypomaturation
      (11.7%), missing lateral incisors (0.7%), and peg lateral incisors (1.5%). None
      of the following conditions was found: cleft chin, cleft lip, double lip, medium
      rhomboid glossitis, bifid tongue, macroglossia, cleft palate or cleft lip and
      palate.

PMID- 6590182
TI  - Effect of cariogenic food exposure on prevalence of dental caries among fee and
      non-fee paying Nigerian schoolchildren.
AB  - Dental caries status, frequency of sweet consumption and method of toothcleaning
      of 180 Nigerian elementary schoolchildren aged 8-15 yr were investigated by
      clinical examination and questionnaire technique. The highest frequency of sweet
      consumption was recorded for the fee-paying pupils, who also had statistically
      significantly higher caries prevalence than in non-fee paying schools (P less
      than 0.001). About 48% and 24% of the fee and non-fee paying pupils respectively
      had dental caries. There was no significant difference in the sex distribution of
      the disease (P greater than 0.05). However, there was a significant difference (P
      less than 0.001) between methods of cleaning the teeth in the two types of
      schools. The majority (95%) of the fee-paying pupils used only a toothbrush while
      51% of the non-fee paying pupils used a chewing stick. Methods for restricting
      the use of sweet snacks in addition to oral hygiene instruction are discussed as
      important means to reduce the increasing caries prevalence in schoolchildren in
      developing countries.

PMID- 6590183
TI  - The edentulous patient: the dentist's perspective.

PMID- 6590184
TI  - Microbiology of plaque.

PMID- 6590185
TI  - Saliva glycolysis and plaque.

PMID- 6590186
TI  - Sanguinarine in the control of volatile sulfur compounds in the mouth: a
      comparative study.

PMID- 6590187
TI  - Patient home care and plaque control: a behavioral approach.

PMID- 6590188
TI  - Sanguinarine--a new antiplaque agent.

PMID- 6590189
TI  - Clinical assessment of antiplaque agents.

PMID- 6590190
TI  - The use of an oral rinse and dentifrice as a system for reducing dental plaque.

PMID- 6590191
TI  - Clinical use of toothpaste and oral rinse containing sanguinarine.

PMID- 6590192
TI  - Evaluation of sanguinarine chloride in control of plaque in the dental practice.

PMID- 6590193
TI  - Sanguinarine and the control of plaque in dental practice.

PMID- 6590194
TI  - The dentist's role in the detection of the undiagnosed diabetic patient.

PMID- 6590195
TI  - Issues and challenges in dentistry. Part I.

PMID- 6590196
TI  - Use of ceramic material for augmentation of the partially edentulous ridge: a
      case report.

PMID- 6590197
TI  - Periodontal prosthesis: twenty-five years in retrospect. Part II. Occlusion.

PMID- 6590199
TI  - Issues and challenges in dentistry. Part II.

PMID- 6590198
TI  - Geriatric patient care: medical aspects for dentists.

PMID- 6590200
TI  - Choice of a luting agent for precision fitting castings.

PMID- 6590201
TI  - Vertical extrusion: a standardized technique.

PMID- 6590202
TI  - Dental considerations of herpesvirus infections.

PMID- 6590203
TI  - High-frequency jet ventilation: technical implications.
AB  - A variety of technical decisions are required for the proper selection and safe
      and efficacious application of high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV). Criteria
      for analyzing the performance of an HFJV system are presented, along with
      discussions of some of the more common respiratory measurements and their
      applicability to HFJV.

PMID- 6590204
TI  - Critical care nurse and high-frequency ventilation.
AB  - As the treatment of respiratory failure becomes more sophisticated and technical,
      the critical care nurse is faced with many challenges. High-frequency ventilation
      is a modality of respiratory support employing principles different from those of
      conventional ventilation. For these reasons, the nurse must be familiar with the
      indications for its use and the practical management of the ventilated patient.
      This paper addresses those aspects of respiratory support which have the greatest
      impact on nursing care.

PMID- 6590205
TI  - Different humidification systems for high-frequency jet ventilation.
AB  - This study examined the effect of several different high-frequency jet
      ventilation (HFJV) humidification techniques on tracheobronchial mucosa. Six
      groups (2 in each group) of mongrel dogs, chronically instrumented, were cared
      for in an intensive care-like setting for data acquisition. Four groups received
      HFJV with different humidification systems during 72 h of continuous ventilation.
      Two groups served as controls (conventional ventilation with and without
      humidity). Although there was significant damage to tracheal mucosa during
      ventilation without humidification, there were no significant pathologic
      differences in bronchial mucosa between humidified and nonhumidified groups.
      Several techniques of HFJV humidification produced no pathologic evidence of
      mucosal damage and could be clinically useful.

PMID- 6590206
TI  - Isotretinoin for the treatment of sebaceous hyperplasia.
AB  - Two cases of diffuse multiple lesions of sebaceous hyperplasia of the face are
      reported. The results of both medical and surgical therapies had been
      unsatisfactory. The patients were treated with low dose systemic isotretinoin (13
      cis-retinoic acid) which resulted in complete clearing in one case and
      substantial clearing in the second. We suggest that in those patients
      cosmetically bothered by diffuse multiple lesions of sebaceous hyperplasia, for
      which other therapies are unsuccessful or unamenable to the patient, isotretinoin
      offers a safe, rational therapeutic option.

PMID- 6590207
TI  - Non-fertility in cows: influence of PGF, PMSG followed by PGF, progesterone and
      light.
AB  - An injection of PGF-2 alpha into cows at D + 10, D + 12, or at D + 14-15 showed
      several effects: regression of the corpus luteum in all cases 24 h after the
      injection, endometrium affected especially at D + 12, and initiation of formation
      of sorbitol when progesterone was present or of glucuronic acid when oestrogen
      occurred. Suitable parameters for selecting cows for superovulation, next to a
      rectal investigation, seem to be a biochemical investigation of cervical mucus on
      the occurrence of carbohydrates and of abnormal indole- and cholesterol
      metabolites. In 'repeat breeders' several deviations were found: a delayed
      regression of the corpus luteum, a delayed atresia of follicles, a disturbed
      indole- and carbohydrate-metabolism and no conversion of DHA into oestrogen.
      Endogenous prostaglandins are apparently not sufficiently effective in a number
      of these cows and so treatment with PGF, eventually preceded by PMSG, and placing
      under a fluorescent lamp seemed to be beneficial in six out of eight 'repeat
      breeders'.

PMID- 6590208
TI  - Translocation (1;6) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6590209
TI  - [Clinicoradiological evaluation of dental treatment using the extirpation
      method].

PMID- 6590210
TI  - [Changes in the oral mucosa in simple psoriasis].

PMID- 6590211
TI  - [Central lingual atrophy in workers in a plastic materials plant].

PMID- 6590212
TI  - [Composition, structure and properties of composites used for fillings].

PMID- 6590213
TI  - [Incidence of malignant oral neoplasms].

PMID- 6590214
TI  - [The use of trypsinized lyophilized bovine fascia in dentistry].

PMID- 6590216
TI  - [Factors affecting the cooperation of orthodontic patients].

PMID- 6590215
TI  - [Effect of chewing gum on the development of maxillo-occlusal abnormalities].

PMID- 6590218
TI  - [Immunological phenomena in selected oral mucosal diseases].

PMID- 6590217
TI  - [Comprehensive treatment of periodontal diseases in adult patients with
      malocclusion].

PMID- 6590219
TI  - [The condition of the periodontium in workers of a printing-house in Lodz].

PMID- 6590220
TI  - [Incidence of leukoplakia in polygraphy workers in Lodz].

PMID- 6590221
TI  - [Prevalence of inflammatory changes in the oral mucosa and lingual fluorescence
      in polygraphy workers in Lodz].

PMID- 6590222
TI  - [The role of fluoride ion in maintenance of cariostasis].

PMID- 6590223
TI  - [Cytological findings in the oral mucosa in simple psoriasis].

PMID- 6590225
TI  - [The dynamics of caries development in the permanent teeth of school children in
      the Cieszyn region].

PMID- 6590224
TI  - [Late results of dental treatment by amputation of the dead pulp].

PMID- 6590226
TI  - [Achievements and perspectives in the development of composite dental materials].

PMID- 6590227
TI  - [Solubility and disintegration of the zinc-phosphate cement Agatos with the
      addition of dyes].

PMID- 6590228
TI  - [The usefulness of labial salivary gland biopsy in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis].

PMID- 6590229
TI  - [The problem of treating exacerbated chronic mandibular osteitis with
      metronidazole].

PMID- 6590230
TI  - [Late results of the treatment of 50 patients with trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 6590231
TI  - [The condition of occlusion in children living in the region of the Katowice
      steel plant].

PMID- 6590232
TI  - [Our studies on the physiology and pathology of the oral system in Blacks in
      tropical environments].

PMID- 6590233
TI  - [Use of hypnotic analgesia in dentistry].

PMID- 6590234
TI  - [Noise in the work environment of dentists and dental technicians].

PMID- 6590236
TI  - [Post-traumatic pulp calcification in radiological examination].

PMID- 6590235
TI  - [Clinical and bacteriological evaluation of the preparation Dexafen for
      sterilizing root canals in the treatment of simple and complicated pulp
      gangrene].

PMID- 6590237
TI  - [Studies on the fluoride content of toothpastes].

PMID- 6590238
TI  - [Opinions and attitudes of the population in the city of Lodz and in the province
      of Piotrkow on the subject of dental care].

PMID- 6590239
TI  - [Antibiotic therapy in the light of the multiple drug resistance of bacteria].

PMID- 6590240
TI  - [Tactics in the management of mixed staphylococcal septicemia with non-spore
      forming anaerobes, caused by purulent inflammatory processes located in the
      orofacial region].

PMID- 6590241
TI  - [Malocclusions, caries, oral hygiene and periodontal diseases--quantitative
      studies].

PMID- 6590242
TI  - [Epidemiological studies on the structure of the stomatognathic musculoarticular
      masticatory system in adolescents].

PMID- 6590243
TI  - [Observations over a 10-year period of planned orthodontic care in a nursery
      school].

PMID- 6590244
TI  - [Calculation of the dental index from pantomographic radiographs of children with
      normal occlusion in the early stages of permanent tooth eruption].

PMID- 6590245
TI  - [An assessment trial of the correlation between physical development and the
      eruption of deciduous dentition in children].

PMID- 6590246
TI  - [Correlation between pathological lesions and the presence of Trichomonas tenax
      and fungi in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6590247
TI  - [The relation between the morphological pattern of the nerve endings of the
      trigeminal nerve and various methods of neuralgia therapy].

PMID- 6590248
TI  - [Experiences with hypnotic analgesia in dentistry].

PMID- 6590249
TI  - [Effect of fluoridated water on the condition of the periodontium in 6-7 year-old
      girls in Lublin].

PMID- 6590250
TI  - [Microflora in periodontal diseases. Literature review].

PMID- 6590251
TI  - [Cytological smears of the oral mucosa in workers of the Stomil rubber plant in
      Wolbrom].

PMID- 6590252
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the therapeutic effectiveness of the antibiotic Davercin
      in periodontitis].

PMID- 6590253
TI  - [Decaris in the treatment of patients with recurrent aphthae].

PMID- 6590254
TI  - [Effect of temporary composite resin splints on oral hygiene and the
      periodontium].

PMID- 6590255
TI  - [Acrylate braces in the treatment of various types of zygomato-orbito-maxillary
      fractures].

PMID- 6590256
TI  - [Ectopic thyroid in patients at the Department of Otolaryngology, Medical Academy
      in Lublin].

PMID- 6590257
TI  - [The use of toluidine blue in the diagnosis of oral carcinoma].

PMID- 6590258
TI  - [Observations on the early treatment of mesioclusion using a negative test].

PMID- 6590259
TI  - [Correlation of the periodontal, caries, malocclusion and oral hygiene indices].

PMID- 6590260
TI  - [Narrowing of dental arches in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment at the
      Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Stomatology, Medical Academy in
      Bialystok].

PMID- 6590261
TI  - [Difficult problems in the current fluoride prevention of caries. 7.
      Effectiveness in light of many years of study and experimentation].

PMID- 6590262
TI  - [Work hygiene in processing metallic mercury in dental outpatient clinics].

PMID- 6590263
TI  - [Fluoride varnishes in caries prevention].

PMID- 6590264
TI  - [The effect of chronic fluoride poisoning on the morphological appearance of
      dentin in white rats].

PMID- 6590265
TI  - [Oral health status in children with cerebral palsy].

PMID- 6590266
TI  - [The relation between food comminution and the degree of overbite of anterior
      teeth].

PMID- 6590267
TI  - [Asymmetry of the face and stomatognathic system in patients with muscular
      torticollis].

PMID- 6590268
TI  - [Grading of the pull strength of the chin cap sling in the treatment of anterior
      forms of malocclusion].

PMID- 6590269
TI  - [Parent-children relations and orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6590270
TI  - [Ehlers-Danlos syndrome--a report of 2 cases].

PMID- 6590271
TI  - Home is the patient. A word of caution.

PMID- 6590272
TI  - The regional approach to home care for life-supported persons.

PMID- 6590273
TI  - Near fatal complication secondary to a poorly designed tracheostomy connector.
AB  - A 69-year-old man with severe pulmonary emphysema and respiratory failure, who
      had been maintained on mechanical ventilation at home for the past ten years, had
      an almost fatal complication because of a poorly designed connector.

PMID- 6590274
TI  - [Carcinoma of the hypopharynx with early distant metastases: a case report].

PMID- 6590275
TI  - [Characteristics of peacetime injuries in the maxillofacial area caused by
      firearms].

PMID- 6590276
TI  - [Correction of nostril deformities--a new approach].

PMID- 6590277
TI  - [The TNM classification of carcinoma of the maxillary sinuses].

PMID- 6590278
TI  - [Use of Johanson's method in the treatment of carcinoma of the lower lip ].

PMID- 6590279
TI  - [The importance of vein grafts in replantation].

PMID- 6590280
TI  - [Surgical treatment of facial defects due to deep burns].

PMID- 6590281
TI  - [Analysis of prostaglandin F2 alpha and E2 in ectopic endometriotic nodules and
      endometrium in situ in patients with endometriosis].

PMID- 6590282
TI  - [Chromosomal observations on myeloid progenitor cells in chronic myelocytic
      leukemia].

PMID- 6590283
TI  - [Surgical treatment of osteosarcoma of limbs: analysis of 189 cases].

PMID- 6590284
TI  - [Surgical treatment of 132 cases of osteogenic sarcoma].

PMID- 6590285
TI  - [Analysis of 11 cases of parosteal osteosarcoma].

PMID- 6590286
TI  - [Ultrastructural observation of classical primary osteosarcoma].

PMID- 6590288
TI  - [Composite filling of the posterior teeth from the clinical viewpoint].

PMID- 6590287
TI  - [Comparison of the tumor markers CEA and CA 19-9 in colorectal diagnosis].
AB  - Endoscopic examination of the colon was performed in 405 patients (125 without,
      217 with benign, and 63 with malignant colorectal diseases), and the serum levels
      of the tumour-associated antigens CEA and CA 19-9 were determined. On comparing
      both markers, the specificity of CA 19-9 (96% correctly normal values) was found
      to be higher in benign colorectal diseases than that of CEA (92% with a cut-off
      limit of 5 ng/ml for CEA). On the other hand, the sensitivity of CA 19-9 in
      colorectal carcinomas was only about 25% and thus much lower than that of CEA
      (52% correctly pathological values). The sensitivity of both markers was
      particularly low in the initial stages of carcinoma (in Dukes A: CEA 20%, CA 19-9
      0%). If the cut-off limit for CEA was raised to 10 ng/ml, the specificity was
      increased to 99%, whereas the sensitivity was markedly reduced to 25%. The
      diagnostic accuracy of CEA in colorectal carcinomas was not surpassed by CA 19-9.
      There was no obvious advantage in simultaneous determination of CEA and CA 19-9.

PMID- 6590289
TI  - [Composites in the posterior dental area].

PMID- 6590290
TI  - [Effect of the articulator joint on shaping the masticatory surface].

PMID- 6590291
TI  - [Ultrastructural studies on the epithelial differentiation of syngeneic mucosal
      transplants].

PMID- 6590292
TI  - [Soft tissue and bone necrosis after Toxavit filling without adequate temporary
      cavity sealing].

PMID- 6590293
TI  - [Periodontal changes after temporary diffusion of Toxavit in the proximal space.
      An experimental animal histological study].

PMID- 6590294
TI  - [Functional studies of neutrophilic granulocytes in periodontitis and mouth
      mucosal diseases].

PMID- 6590295
TI  - [Caries incidence, periodontopathies and the oral hygiene status of 6- to 16-year
      old children in Liberia].

PMID- 6590296
TI  - [Technical improvements in P-A films of the visceral cranium with the Orthoceph
      5].

PMID- 6590298
TI  - Preceptors in preclinical dental hygiene: new approach to curriculum design.

PMID- 6590297
TI  - A study of a competency-based clinical evaluation system.

PMID- 6590299
TI  - You can make your multiple response test questions more effective.

PMID- 6590300
TI  - Report of a survey comparing sixty-nine journals in the dental profession.

PMID- 6590301
TI  - A survey of dental anatomy teaching methods in dental hygiene programs.

PMID- 6590302
TI  - Learner-centered versus subject-centered curricular design: effect on retention
      of dental anatomy information.

PMID- 6590303
TI  - The relationship of field dependence-independence to dental hygiene admissions
      predictors.

PMID- 6590304
TI  - Life goals of five dental hygiene groups in three educational settings.

PMID- 6590305
TI  - Fatal infantile cardiac glycogenosis without acid maltase deficiency presenting
      as congenital hydrops.

PMID- 6590306
TI  - Slight impairment of psychomotor skills in children after treatment of acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Several studies have reported a decline in intelligence and cognitive functions
      in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Other
      investigators, however, have found no intellectual impairment in these children.
      Fifty-one long-term survivors of ALL, having been treated according to the
      protocols of the BFM Study Group from 1970 to 1979, were assessed retrospectively
      using neurophysical methods. The results were compared with those obtained from
      30 patients with other malignancies, who had received neither radiation therapy
      to the central nervous system (CRT) nor any methotrexate during chemotherapy.
      Additionally, neurological examinations and cranial computed tomography (CCT)
      were performed. neuropsychological examinations included verbal functions,
      intelligence (performance), psychomotor speed, motor skills and sensory
      integration. The results of verbal tests and the IQs, tested by nonspeed-related
      measures, were within normal limits in both groups. About one-third of all
      patients showed mild disturbances of psychomotor speed and motor skills. Children
      with leukemia had lower scores than those with solid tumors for nearly all tasks,
      but only tests for sensory integration revealed significant differences between
      former ALL patients and tumor patients. Furthermore, the following results were
      obtained related to different therapeutic modalities: The higher total radiation
      doses had been during CRT (maximum 24 GY), the more neuropsychological functions
      were impaired, particularly motor accuracy and sensory integration. These
      disturbances improved with the length of survival. Widening of subarachnoidal
      space was found in 33% of the CCT obtained. There was no correlation between the
      intellectual functions of the survivors and the CCT abnormalities. Neurological
      findings mainly consisted of slight fine motor disturbances.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED
      AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6590307
TI  - Temporal bone adaptations in response to protrusive function in juvenile and
      young adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

PMID- 6590308
TI  - Prostaglandins and tooth movement.

PMID- 6590309
TI  - Effect of increased upward displacement of the glenoid fossa on mandibular
      growth.

PMID- 6590310
TI  - The importance of the relationship between malocclusion and mandibular
      dysfunction and some clinical applications in adults.

PMID- 6590311
TI  - Tissue changes in the rat molar periodontium following alteration of normal
      occlusal forces.

PMID- 6590312
TI  - Interceptive treatment of Class II, Division 2.

PMID- 6590313
TI  - In vivo prostaglandin concentrations in human preovulatory follicles.

PMID- 6590314
TI  - 20 guidelines for dentists.

PMID- 6590315
TI  - An insurance view: the ripple is deceiving.

PMID- 6590316
TI  - Financial philosophy for dentists.

PMID- 6590317
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic study of dental floss.

PMID- 6590318
TI  - Modified Widman procedure--an alternative periodontal approach.

PMID- 6590319
TI  - Malpractice! A constant threat.

PMID- 6590320
TI  - [Fracture of the zygomatic-malar complex].

PMID- 6590321
TI  - [Marginal fusion closure of silver-palladium alloys].

PMID- 6590323
TI  - [Adverse effects of ultraviolet light therapy].

PMID- 6590322
TI  - [Extraction and reimplantation of an impacted upper canine].

PMID- 6590324
TI  - [Facial fractures in sports].

PMID- 6590325
TI  - [Biomechanic considerations on posture in the dental operatory].

PMID- 6590326
TI  - [Pulp reaction to composite resin restorations].

PMID- 6590327
TI  - [The use of Tantum Verde in painful oral inflammation].

PMID- 6590328
TI  - [Psychosomatic dentistry: music therapy, a valid complement in the treatment of
      the dental patient].

PMID- 6590329
TI  - [Preprosthetic surgery and fixed prosthetic solutions in cases of cleft lip and
      palate].

PMID- 6590330
TI  - [Occlusal splint: review of the literature and essential requirements].

PMID- 6590331
TI  - [Occlusal splint: comparative analysis of construction technics].

PMID- 6590332
TI  - [A statistical clinical evaluation of the occupational diseases and habits of
      dentists].

PMID- 6590333
TI  - [Surgical therapy yes and no, a confrontation].

PMID- 6590334
TI  - [Metal wave guide for the CO2 laser: experimental osteotomy].

PMID- 6590336
TI  - [An electronic device to resolve many problems].

PMID- 6590335
TI  - [Influence of inflammation on the histopathologic characteristics of radicular
      cysts].

PMID- 6590337
TI  - [Adjoining twin operatories].

PMID- 6590338
TI  - [The use of the facial grid in dentistry].

PMID- 6590339
TI  - [Hypertrophic and/or hyperplastic gingivopathy during orthodontic therapy].

PMID- 6590340
TI  - [Perforation of the compact bone tissue with a CO2 laser].

PMID- 6590341
TI  - [Prevention of infective endocarditis in dentistry].

PMID- 6590342
TI  - [New types of dental amalgam with a high content of copper and rare metals (I)].

PMID- 6590343
TI  - [The position of cephalometric equilibrium of the lower incisors].

PMID- 6590344
TI  - [The Delaire mask: construction technics].

PMID- 6590345
TI  - [New types of dental amalgam with high contents of copper and rare metals: fast
      setting amalgams (II)].

PMID- 6590346
TI  - [Clinico-morphologic picture in the pathology of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6590347
TI  - [Surgical therapy of the impacted lower third molar].

PMID- 6590348
TI  - [Concentration of macrolide antibiotics in various masticatory tissues (VII)].

PMID- 6590349
TI  - [Topography and layout of the dental office].

PMID- 6590350
TI  - [Preferential location in 1000 cases of mandibular fractures].

PMID- 6590351
TI  - [Tooth mobility].

PMID- 6590352
TI  - [Surgical therapy in mandibular prognathism: a case treated with ostectomy of the
      body of the mandible].

PMID- 6590353
TI  - [Surgical therapy in mandibular prognathism: surgery on the body of the mandible
      (II)].

PMID- 6590354
TI  - [Dental malformations: concretion, fusion and germination (clinical
      contribution)].

PMID- 6590355
TI  - [Psychological basis of acupuncture in dentistry (or the right to various
      treatments)].

PMID- 6590356
TI  - [Experiences with the use of ceramic color paints].

PMID- 6590357
TI  - [Significance of Bennett's movement in the dental laboratory].

PMID- 6590359
TI  - [Teamwork between dentist and dental technician].

PMID- 6590358
TI  - [The Ganger combination clasp].

PMID- 6590360
TI  - [Current nomenclature of the periodontal tissues and their diseases].

PMID- 6590361
TI  - [Proven methods for the construction of the A.M. Schwarz arch wire].

PMID- 6590362
TI  - Stress in dentistry: national survey.

PMID- 6590363
TI  - Twelve tips for keeping new patients in your practice--forever.

PMID- 6590364
TI  - Malpractice insurance: the cost of going without coverage.

PMID- 6590365
TI  - Dentists and the media: 20/20's "in the dentist's chair".

PMID- 6590366
TI  - Can a one-minute manager run a dental office?

PMID- 6590367
TI  - Ten ways to ruin your laboratory without really trying.

PMID- 6590368
TI  - Dental laboratory burglarized--details tonight at 11.

PMID- 6590369
TI  - I+N+C = $$$. To incorporate or not to incorporate: that is the question.

PMID- 6590371
TI  - Don't ask how much money you are making. Ask how much money you are losing.

PMID- 6590370
TI  - Effective mailings with business.

PMID- 6590372
TI  - Your lab need not fail after you're gone.

PMID- 6590373
TI  - Three characteristics that will make you a success.

PMID- 6590374
TI  - Self-assessment of clinical skill among senior dental hygiene students.

PMID- 6590375
TI  - Periodontal maintenance therapy. Part II.

PMID- 6590376
TI  - Preliminary evaluation of oral lesions: what is this exophytic mass on the
      gingiva?

PMID- 6590377
TI  - Brand names and characteristics of polishing products used by dental hygienists
      in the US. Results of a survey.

PMID- 6590378
TI  - Job satisfaction in dental hygiene--fact or fiction?

PMID- 6590379
TI  - Employment of dental hygienists in private offices--have forecasts been borne
      out?

PMID- 6590381
TI  - The dental hygienist: change agent for now and the future.

PMID- 6590380
TI  - Oral complications in adult leukemic patients undergoing chemotherapy.

PMID- 6590382
TI  - Establish staff policy for maternity leave of absence.

PMID- 6590383
TI  - Career alternatives within dentistry. What are the options? Part 1.

PMID- 6590384
TI  - Orofacial treatment covered under ruling.

PMID- 6590385
TI  - Examine contract options when buying or selling a dental practice.

PMID- 6590387
TI  - Career alternatives within dentistry. Part 2.

PMID- 6590386
TI  - Turn your practice into something special.

PMID- 6590388
TI  - The professional corporation--there's life after TEFRA. Part 1.

PMID- 6590389
TI  - Patients are finding these dentists in the Yellow Pages.

PMID- 6590390
TI  - A clean and simple staff incentive plan.

PMID- 6590391
TI  - Adapt management style to meet staff needs.

PMID- 6590392
TI  - Alcoholism at work.

PMID- 6590393
TI  - A practical guide to pulp canal therapy. 5. Canal obturation.

PMID- 6590394
TI  - Dental anatomy: the salivary glands.

PMID- 6590395
TI  - Functional appliances: 3. The activator.

PMID- 6590396
TI  - Paedodontics. 4. Local anaesthesia for children: recent developments.

PMID- 6590397
TI  - Periodontology in practice.

PMID- 6590398
TI  - Facial pain--a neurologist's view.

PMID- 6590399
TI  - Adverse drug effects on the tissues of the mouth.

PMID- 6590400
TI  - Paedodontics. 5. Treatment techniques for carious primary anterior teeth.

PMID- 6590401
TI  - Cleidocranial dysostosis: some problems in the dental management of occlusion.

PMID- 6590402
TI  - HLA antigens and risk factors for nephropathy in type 1 (insulin-dependent)
      diabetes mellitus.
AB  - This study of risk factors for diabetic nephropathy in juvenile Type 1 (insulin
      dependent) diabetes mellitus compares two carefully characterised groups of
      patients, one with proteinuria (n = 23), the other a control group (n = 24) with
      no evidence of nephropathy despite more than 25 years of diabetic life. No
      significant difference was observed between the groups in any HLA-A, -B or -DR
      antigen of Bf allotype. DR3 was present in 87% of patients with proteinuria and
      75% of the diabetic control group; DR4 was present in 48% of patients with
      proteinuria and 63% of diabetic controls; BfFl was present in 17% of patients
      with nephropathy and 9% of the diabetic control group. Compared with the control
      group, patients with proteinuria had significantly higher mean diabetic-clinic
      blood glucose concentrations before the diagnosis of microvascular disease, a
      significantly earlier age at diagnosis of diabetes, and had more often been
      treated with once-daily as opposed to twice-daily insulin regimens.
      Susceptibility to nephropathy in Type 1 diabetes appears to be determined by the
      quality of metabolic control and age of onset of diabetes; although the number of
      subjects studied was relatively small no evidence was found of any influence of
      HLA or Bf phenotype.

PMID- 6590403
TI  - [Cefotetan: microbiologic, kinetic and clinical aspects].

PMID- 6590404
TI  - [Clinical applications of cefotetan in inernal infections].

PMID- 6590405
TI  - Differentiation in vitro of human myelogenous leukemia cells from patients in
      relapse.
AB  - Leukemia cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia in relapse were treated
      with various inducers of differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cell lines.
      Leukemia cells in primary culture from most, but not all, patients underwent
      morphological, cytochemical and biochemical changes after treatment with inducers
      of differentiation such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), retinoic
      acid, actinomycin D, aclarubicin, and alkyl lysophospholipid. The most effective
      inducer varied from specimen to specimen. Leukemia cells from patients in relapse
      were compared with those from untreated patients. The responsiveness to TPA of
      leukemia cells from patients in relapse was similar to that of leukemia cells
      from untreated patients. However, retinoic acid or actinomycin D resistance was
      more frequently observed in leukemia cells from patients in relapse than in those
      from patients before initial therapy. This is the first report to indicate that
      leukemic cells from relapsed patients who are resistant to cytotoxic
      chemotherapeutic drugs can be induced to differentiate into mature cells by
      appropriate inducers. However, the responsiveness to inducers of leukemia cells
      from patients in relapse is not the same as that of leukemia cells before
      therapy.

PMID- 6590406
TI  - [Erythropoietic disorders in acute leukemia and various forms of anemia].

PMID- 6590407
TI  - Nodules of skin.

PMID- 6590408
TI  - Dental complications in the end stage of renal disease.

PMID- 6590409
TI  - Buccal fat pad herniation in an infant.

PMID- 6590411
TI  - The periodontal ligament injection technique.

PMID- 6590410
TI  - Modifying oral irrigation devices for subgingival periodontal chemotherapy.

PMID- 6590413
TI  - A comparison of D- and E-speed intraoral film.

PMID- 6590412
TI  - Aseptic procedures for the dental office.

PMID- 6590414
TI  - The future of dental education: can we afford apathy?

PMID- 6590415
TI  - Using a dentin-bonding agent to isolate damaged teeth.

PMID- 6590416
TI  - Capillary hemangioma: report of a case.

PMID- 6590418
TI  - Relining distal-extension partial dentures.

PMID- 6590417
TI  - Maintenance of maxillary central incisor.

PMID- 6590419
TI  - Common sense diagnosis and treatment: a case report.

PMID- 6590420
TI  - Case report: Christine Zimmerman.

PMID- 6590421
TI  - Incorporating functional appliances in a traditional fixed appliance practice.

PMID- 6590422
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment narrative for Christy S. A case report.

PMID- 6590423
TI  - Sassouni plus. A comprehensive cephalometric system for diagnosis and treatment
      planning in functional therapy.

PMID- 6590424
TI  - Fundamentals for a functional case.

PMID- 6590425
TI  - How to use the sagittal appliance effectively.

PMID- 6590426
TI  - A case in progress: Sabrina Hott.

PMID- 6590428
TI  - Improved communication with the orthodontic laboratory: a major factor in
      treatment success with functional appliances.

PMID- 6590427
TI  - The lower fixed sagittal appliance.

PMID- 6590429
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment narrative for RD.

PMID- 6590430
TI  - Optimal sagittal appliance mechanics.

PMID- 6590432
TI  - [Treatment of Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome with haloperidol and clonidine].

PMID- 6590433
TI  - Diagnostic histochemistry of amylopectinosis (glycogenosis type IV).

PMID- 6590431
TI  - Loperamide has antisecretory activity in the human jejunum in vivo.
AB  - We investigated the possibility that loperamide might influence absorption and
      secretion in the human jejunum in vivo. Using a triple lumen tube perfusion
      technique in healthy normal volunteers we showed that loperamide did not affect
      net absorption of water or electrolytes under basal condition. When secretion was
      induced by prostaglandin E2, however, loperamide significantly reduced that
      secretion and in three out of six subjects secretion was abolished. Loperamide
      was effective when it was given either before or after secretion had been
      initiated. The results lend support to the suggestion that the antidiarrhoeal
      activities of loperamide may include an antisecretory effect.

PMID- 6590434
TI  - [Tooth movement--the dento-alveolar system from a biomechanical viewpoint].

PMID- 6590435
TI  - [Significance of the anterior nasal spine in the mid-face profile].

PMID- 6590436
TI  - [Significance of skeletal and dental age on the selection of orthodontic
      treatment systems].

PMID- 6590437
TI  - [System-wide indications for elastic bite appliances].

PMID- 6590438
TI  - [Indications for U-bow activators].

PMID- 6590439
TI  - [Changes in the soft tissue after functional orthodontic treatment determined by
      cephalometry--statistical study of Angle Class II division 2 malocclusion].

PMID- 6590440
TI  - [The profile and planning orthodontic correction].

PMID- 6590441
TI  - [Bone deformation due to axial and transverse force on the teeth].

PMID- 6590442
TI  - [Experimental research on the peculiarity and esthetic effect of the neck-jaw
      angle].

PMID- 6590443
TI  - [Head position, atlas position and breathing in open bite].

PMID- 6590444
TI  - [Profile changes in patients with Pierre Robin syndrome].

PMID- 6590445
TI  - [System for distalization of the upper 6-year molar with indirect headgear].

PMID- 6590447
TI  - [Closure of an anterior space with fixed appliances].

PMID- 6590446
TI  - [Influence of thumb sucking and pacifiers on deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6590448
TI  - [Value of esthetic norms in judgment of profile].

PMID- 6590450
TI  - Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, Part 2, Carbon blacks, mineral oils (lubricant
      base oils and derived products) and some nitroarenes.

PMID- 6590449
TI  - [Ankylosing spondylitis with and without peripheral joint involvement. The
      significance of HLA-DR4 in the diagnosis, disease risk and pathogenesis].
AB  - 50 patients with ankylosing spondylitis without any peripheral arthritis are
      compared with 50 cases of ankylosing spondylitis complicated by arthritis of
      different kind. Radiological and clinical features were evaluated and assessed.
      HLA-DR4 typing was carried out. This antigen was found in 16% of 200 normal
      individuals, in 18% of all patients with ankylosing spondylitis confined to the
      spinal column, and in 54% of patients with only peripheral arthritis (wrist,
      finger, ankle, toe joints). The conclusion that HLA-DR4 represents nonspecific
      evidence for peripheral arthritis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis is
      discussed.

PMID- 6590451
TI  - 9-Nitroanthracene.

PMID- 6590452
TI  - 6-Nitrobenzo[a]pyrene.

PMID- 6590453
TI  - 6-Nitrochrysene.

PMID- 6590454
TI  - 3-Nitrofluoranthene.

PMID- 6590455
TI  - 1-Nitropyrene.

PMID- 6590456
TI  - Carbon blacks.

PMID- 6590457
TI  - Mineral oils (lubricant base oils and derived products).

PMID- 6590458
TI  - Regional mapping of hexokinase-1 within the short arm of chromosome 10.
AB  - Hexokinase-1 (HK1) activity was determined in red cells of 5 patients with
      partial duplications of chromosome 10, all of which involved the 10p region. In 4
      patients the levels of HK1 activity were higher than the mean activity of
      controls, strongly indicating a triplex dosage effect. The most likely regional
      assignment for HK1 would appear to be 10p11.2.

PMID- 6590459
TI  - Indirect evaluation of a gene frequency: calculation of beta-thalassemia
      frequency in Algeria based on associated hemoglobin variants frequency.
AB  - The gene frequency (q) of beta-thalassemia (T) is more difficult to evaluate
      directly than the frequency of hemoglobin variants (V), Hb S and Hb C being the
      most frequent ones in Algeria. Among 150 subjects with a phenotype V, we
      identified 76 compound heterozygotes VT(0) (T(0) = beta(0)-thalassemia) and 74
      homozygotes VV: qT(0) is therefore practically equal to qV. Calculation based on
      the investigation of 54 subjects detected during the same period (33 VT among
      which 23 VT(0) and 21 TT among which 9 T(0) T(0) yields qT = 1.43 qT(0) = 1.43
      qV. According to Cabannes [1965], qV is equal to 0.0113, qT is 1.43 X 0.0113 =
      0.0162. This indirect method, based on investigation of patients, gives a less
      precise evaluation of gene frequency than a direct method based on large
      population screening. This evaluation, however, is sufficient to estimate the
      incidence of beta-thalassemia and its impact from a public health point of view.

PMID- 6590460
TI  - A study of geriatric dentistry: a pilot study at Loyola University Chicago School
      of Dentistry.

PMID- 6590461
TI  - Reduction of dentin hypersensitivity using fluoride iontophoresis.

PMID- 6590462
TI  - The T.M.J. Center: filling a gap in chronic pain treatment.

PMID- 6590464
TI  - Meningeal leukemia after blastic transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia.

PMID- 6590463
TI  - What's at the end of the third party rainbow?

PMID- 6590465
TI  - [Oral hygiene and motivation].

PMID- 6590466
TI  - [Effect of immediate dentures on mucosal healing and bone remodeling].

PMID- 6590468
TI  - A decade of endodontic progress.

PMID- 6590469
TI  - Endodontic treatment in Argentina.

PMID- 6590467
TI  - Branhamella catarrhalis septicaemia in a granulocytopenic patient.
AB  - A patient with acute leukaemia developed a maxillary sinusitis and septicaemia
      with Branhamella catarrhalis during the period of bone marrow hypoplasia. One
      blood culture also grew Staphylococcus aureus. In the same period, the patient
      developed tender red skin lesions and disseminated intra-vascular coagulation.
      The patient recovered when therapy with high dosages of amoxicillin was
      instituted. At the same time, however, the bone marrow recovered.

PMID- 6590470
TI  - In vitro approach to 7-hydroxymethotrexate interaction on methotrexate metabolism
      as tool of pharmacokinetic study.
AB  - Methotrexate (MTX), a widely used antineoplastic agent, is metabolized to a non
      active derivative, 7-OH-MTX, and to some active poly-gamma-glutamyl derivatives
      (MTX-Gn) which are retained within cells. Pharmacokinetic studies in humans
      indicate (i) a higher concentration of 7-OH-MTX than of MTX in plasma after a 24
      h infusion and (ii) a time-dependent relationship for MTX and 7-OH-MTX kinetics
      in plasma and urine which might be explained by the variation of MTX metabolism.
      The intracellular metabolism of MTX and 7-OH-MTX has been investigated using a
      specific ion-paired method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which
      permits the simultaneous determination of DAMPA, MTX, 7-OH-MTX and their
      respective polyglutamate derivatives. The formation of 7-OH-MTX polyglutamates
      and the possible effect of 7-OH-MTX on the transport and/or metabolism of the
      unchanged MTX in a human acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cell line (Molt 4) have
      been studied. After incubation of the cells to 1 microM (3H) 7-OH-MTX, four
      radiolabelled peaks, representing 75% of the intracellular 3H, were converted to
      7-OH-MTX upon exposure to hog kidney conjugase indicating the formation of 7-OH
      MTX polyglutamyl derivatives. The effects of 7-OH-MTX on MTX-PG formation were
      analysed after simultaneous incubation of the cells to 1 microM (3H) MTX and 10
      microM 7-OH-MTX. The formation of the higher glutamyl derivatives, MTX-G3 and MTX
      G4 was completely inhibited and the total intracellular accumulation of the MTX
      PG's decreased by 35% compared to control. These data suggest that the 7-OH-MTX
      and the 7-OH-MTX-PG might modify the chemotherapeutic activity of this agent in
      vivo.

PMID- 6590471
TI  - [Garre's osteomyelitis: observation of 2 cases].

PMID- 6590472
TI  - [Biological tolerance of endodontic materials: experimental research].

PMID- 6590473
TI  - [Pulp reaction to the use of so-called mummifying or desensitizing drugs. I.
      Formocresol].

PMID- 6590474
TI  - [Current technics in rhinoplasty].

PMID- 6590475
TI  - [Lasers in medicine and its current applications in dentistry].

PMID- 6590476
TI  - [Relation of periodontal disease and blood cholesterol].

PMID- 6590477
TI  - [A rare complication of odontogenic infection: retrobulbar optical neuritis
      (description of 2 cases)].

PMID- 6590478
TI  - [Clinico-statistical study of 1014 cases of odontogenic cysts of the jaws].

PMID- 6590479
TI  - [Impacted upper incisors and supernumerary teeth: orthodontic-surgical
      treatment].

PMID- 6590480
TI  - [Pulp reaction to the application of so-called mummifying or desensitizing drugs.
      III. Paraformaldehyde].

PMID- 6590482
TI  - [Various aspects of the reaction of amalgamation in fluoridated amalgam].

PMID- 6590481
TI  - [Reduction of the number of bacteria in root canals with the use of endodontic
      instrumentation].

PMID- 6590483
TI  - [An experimental histologic study on the healing of skin and mucosal wounds after
      scalpel incisions or electrosurgical incisions].

PMID- 6590484
TI  - [Importance of sealants in preventive dentistry].

PMID- 6590485
TI  - [Disimpaction of a canine. Consideration of a clinical case].

PMID- 6590486
TI  - [Replica studies of the dimensional variations of amalgam in vivo].

PMID- 6590487
TI  - [Use of a heterologous material (Periograf) in the treatment of periodontal bone
      defects].

PMID- 6590488
TI  - [Critical evaluation of the release of fluorides from a polycarboxylate cement].

PMID- 6590489
TI  - [Silicate cements and glass ionomer cements: comparative study].

PMID- 6590490
TI  - [Electrocardiographic analysis during dental interventions].

PMID- 6590491
TI  - [SEM in dentistry: experimental study of various methods of specimen
      preparation].

PMID- 6590492
TI  - [Gingivopathy during pregnancy: salivary levels of IgG, IgA, IgM and lysozyme].

PMID- 6590493
TI  - [Current concepts on the control of bacterial plaque with special reference to
      the interproximal zone: clinical evaluation].

PMID- 6590494
TI  - [Epidemiologic survey of carious disease in the population at a compulsory school
      in the city of Civitacastellana (VT)].

PMID- 6590495
TI  - [Chemically induced mandibular osteitis: presentation of a case].

PMID- 6590496
TI  - [Chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible with pathologic fracture. Case report].

PMID- 6590497
TI  - [Epidemiologic studies on the dental and periodontal conditions in a sample of a
      school population in the province of Padua].

PMID- 6590498
TI  - [Standardized cutaneous trigeminal sensitivity].

PMID- 6590499
TI  - [Clinical considerations on free gingival flaps].

PMID- 6590500
TI  - [Consent for treatment in dentistry].

PMID- 6590501
TI  - [Radiographic study of the pre-prosthetic phase in partially edentulous
      patients].

PMID- 6590502
TI  - [Torque (I)].

PMID- 6590503
TI  - [Torque (II)].

PMID- 6590504
TI  - [Systematic approach to the treatment of maxillofacial injuries in emergencies].

PMID- 6590505
TI  - [Maxillofacial anomalies in a case of fetal alcohol syndrome].

PMID- 6590506
TI  - [Levels of taste sensitivity of the tongue and palate].

PMID- 6590507
TI  - [Long term results of endodontic surgery. I: Complete results].

PMID- 6590508
TI  - [Long term results in endodontic surgery. II: Results based on the type of
      surgery performed and the dental quadrant treated].

PMID- 6590509
TI  - [Plasma cell gingivitis with zone extention. Clinical, ultrastructural and
      immunohistologic study].

PMID- 6590510
TI  - [Swallowing of a foreign body during endodontic therapy in pediatric patient.
      Clinical case].

PMID- 6590511
TI  - [The use of the mucotome in the free gingival grafts].

PMID- 6590512
TI  - [A severe case of enamel hypoplasia].

PMID- 6590514
TI  - [In vivo clinical evaluation of the presence of marginal fractures in
      conventional amalgams].

PMID- 6590513
TI  - [Ceramic apatites: microstructure compared using SEM].

PMID- 6590515
TI  - [Amalgam polishing: a current problem].

PMID- 6590516
TI  - [Stability of the piperacillin and its pharmacokinetics in the saliva of normal
      individuals].

PMID- 6590518
TI  - [Open bite: diagnostic considerations].

PMID- 6590517
TI  - [Uptake and release of GABA in the brain synaptosomes of rats. I. Action of
      tiapride].

PMID- 6590519
TI  - [Osteosynthesis fixation: observations using SEM (preliminary note)].

PMID- 6590520
TI  - [Posttraumatic diplopia in transorbital fractures: clinico-diagnostic and
      therapeutic considerations].

PMID- 6590521
TI  - Subgingival microbiological differences between periodontally healthy sites and
      diseased sites prior to and after treatment.

PMID- 6590522
TI  - Vertical releasing incisions for flap design: clinical and histological study in
      monkeys.

PMID- 6590523
TI  - Further evidence on psychobiological aspects of cancer.

PMID- 6590524
TI  - The efficacy of hypnosis in the treatment of learning problems in children.

PMID- 6590525
TI  - A physiological evaluation of the yoga concept of respiratory control of
      autonomic nervous system activity.

PMID- 6590526
TI  - A combined approach using meditation-hypnosis and behavioral techniques in the
      treatment of smoking behavior: case studies of five stressed patients.

PMID- 6590527
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on aqueous humor dynamics of rabbit, cat, and
      monkey.
AB  - Topical administration of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) produced a
      reduction in intraocular pressure in eyes of rabbits, cats, and cynomolgus
      monkeys. In rabbit eyes at 5 or 6 hr, 50 micrograms, 100 micrograms, or 250
      micrograms of PGF2 alpha caused a significant intraocular pressure reduction with
      a small miotic effect. Treatment with 500 micrograms, 750 micrograms, or 1000
      micrograms of PGF2 alpha lowered intraocular pressure significantly in cat eyes
      for at least 24 hr with the development of profound pupillary constriction.
      Administration of 500 micrograms, 750 micrograms, or 1000 micrograms of PGF2
      alpha produced a significant reduction of intraocular pressure in monkey eyes
      lasting at least 24 hr, with an initial hypertensive phase and a small decrease
      in pupillary diameter in the treated eyes. Tonography revealed an increased
      facility of outflow simultaneous with the reduction of intraocular pressure in
      the eyes of cats and monkeys. These increases of outflow facility could not
      explain completely the reductions in intraocular pressure. The aqueous humor flow
      measured by fluorophotometry was unaltered in both species, and possible reasons
      for this finding are discussed. Anterior chamber aqueous humor protein was
      significantly higher in cat eyes topically treated with 750 micrograms of PGF2
      alpha than in the diluent-treated fellow eyes.

PMID- 6590528
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in man.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of 4'-epi-doxorubicin (4'-epi-adriamycin, 4'-epi-DX) in man
      can be described by a three-compartment model with a rapid distribution phase and
      a very long elimination phase. Urine excretion amounts to a total of about 11% of
      the administered dose during 48 h after drug administration, and less than 1%
      during the following 48 h. In plasma 4'-epi-doxorubicin is rapidly converted to
      five metabolites (4'-epi-doxorubicinol, aglycones and glucuronides), the
      concentration of the aglycones sometimes exceeding that of 4'-epi-DX. In urine
      only three metabolites were found in addition to the parent drug; they were
      identified as 4'-epi-doxorubicinol (EOH), 4'-epi-doxorubicin-glucuronide (E-Glu)
      and 4'-epi-doxorubicinol-glucuronide (EOH-Glu). Comparison of the
      pharmacokinetics and metabolic profiles of 4'-epi-DX and doxorubicin (DX) in man
      revealed that 4'-epi-DX eliminates faster than DX.

PMID- 6590529
TI  - Effects of harringtonine in combination with acivicin, adriamycin, L
      asparaginase, cytosine arabinoside, dexamethasone, fluorouracil or methotrexate
      on human acute myelogenous leukemia cell line KG-1.
AB  - Harringtonine (HT) is a new antitumor agent reported to be active in patients
      with leukemia and lymphoma. The interaction of HT with various antitumor agents
      was studied in vitro using a human acute myelogenous leukemia cell line KG-1. For
      the analysis of the drug - drug interaction at the cellular level, Steel proposed
      the concept of an envelope of additivity. Using this concept, the effect of a two
      drug combination can be classified as supraadditive (enhancement of the effect),
      non-interactive (additive), subadditive, and protective (antagonistic).
      Combination of HT and cytosine arabinoside or HT and dexamethasone produced only
      additive effects. Combination of HT and methotrexate was subadditive. For HT plus
      adriamycin or HT plus 5-fluorouracil, data points indicated both subadditive and
      protective interaction. HT plus acivicin or HT plus L-asparaginase combinations
      were found to be protective of each other. None of the seven agents produced
      supraadditive interaction. These results may provide the basis for selecting
      sequential rather than concurrent combinations which include HT for the treatment
      of leukemia in man.

PMID- 6590530
TI  - Phase I study of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin.
AB  - 4-demethoxydaunorubicin (4-dm DNR), a new analog of daunorubicin, was tested at
      an every 3-week dose schedule in 63 evaluable patients with various forms of
      disseminated malignancy. Utilizing the intravenous (i.v.) route of
      administration, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 15-18 mg/m2; with the oral
      route the MTD was 60 mg/m2. Myelosuppression represented the dose-limiting
      factor, and leukopenia was more often observed than thrombocytopenia. However,
      leukopenia was more frequently detected following i.v. administration while
      vomiting represented the most frequent toxic sign after oral administration. Loss
      of hair was moderate with either route of administration and comparatively less
      frequent and pronounced than that observed after doxorubicin (DX) and its analog
      4'-epi-doxorubicin (4'-epi-DX). Aside from transient aspecific
      electrocardiographic changes recorded in 30% of patients, no cardiac toxicity was
      documented. Tumor response was documented in seven patients with malignant
      lymphomas, breast cancer, melanoma and carcinoma of uterine cervix. Two out of
      the seven responders achieved prolonged complete remission and four were
      resistant to doxorubicin. 4-dm DNR appears to be an analog worth further clinical
      trials.

PMID- 6590532
TI  - Clinical evaluation of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in advanced solid tumors.
AB  - A Phase II clinical evaluation of 4'-epi-doxorubicin has been carried out in 100
      patients with various types of solid tumors. Hematopoietic toxicity was dose
      limiting but reversible and of mild to moderate degree. Other acute toxic
      manifestations such as vomiting and alopecia were qualitatively similar to those
      usually reported for doxorubicin, but lower in frequency and less severe. A
      number of responding patients received cumulative doses of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in
      excess of 500 mg/m2. One patient manifested reversible clinical congestive heart
      failure at cumulative dose of 1,080 mg/m2. Therapeutic activity has been observed
      in breast carcinoma, in rectal carcinoma and in melanoma. In chemoresistant
      tumors as rectal cancer and melanoma 4'-epi-doxorubicin deserves further study.

PMID- 6590531
TI  - Phase I trial of aclacinomycin-A. A clinical and pharmacokinetic study.
AB  - Aclacinomycin-A is a new anthracycline antibiotic with a broad spectrum of
      antitumor activity in animals. Compared to doxorubicin, it was found to produce
      less cardiotoxicity and alopecia. A Phase I trial of aclacinomycin-A given as a
      weekly 15 min IV infusion was conducted in 20 previously treated patients with
      advanced solid tumors. Four dose levels ranging from 40 to 100 mg/m2 were
      studied; myelotoxicity was dose-limiting at 85 and 100 mg/m2. Other toxicities
      were moderate to severe nausea and vomiting in 9 patients, mild phlebitis in 2
      patients, and mild abnormality of liver function tests in 3 patients. No cardiac
      or renal toxicities were seen, but two partial responses were observed. The
      pharmacokinetic profile of aclacinomycin-A in plasma and urine was studied in 3
      patients given 65 mg/m2 using a high performance liquid chromatography assay. The
      data obtained were consistent with a two compartment model of drug disposition
      with initial and terminal half-life values of 6.6 min and 13.3 h, respectively.
      The major fluorescent metabolite was eliminated with a terminal half-life of 25
      h. Two metabolites as well as the parent drug were excreted in the urine as less
      than 10% of the doses given. This pharmacokinetic profile is similar to that of
      other anthracyclines, although aclacinomycin-A appears to have lower blood levels
      than doxorubicin given at equivalent doses. On this weekly schedule, the
      recommended dose is 65 mg/m2 for Phase II trials.

PMID- 6590534
TI  - Bilateral ulcerations of the tongue.

PMID- 6590535
TI  - Transcobalamins in juvenile-type chronic granulocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6590533
TI  - The effect of ionic and nonionic contrast media on the metabolism of
      prostaglandin E2 in rat lungs.
AB  - Pulmonary inactivation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was investigated in isolated
      perfused rat lungs during infusion of ionic and nonionic radiographic contrast
      media (RCM). When 100 nmol of [14C]-PGE2 was infused slowly into the pulmonary
      circulation, the ionic ioglycamate decreased the metabolism of PGE2, but other
      ionic (diatrizoate and ioxaglate) and nonionic RCM (iopamidol and metrizamide)
      had no significant effect. When a smaller amount of [14C]-PGE2 (10 nmol) was
      injected as a bolus the metabolism of PGE2 was decreased also by diatrizoate and
      ioxaglate, but not by iopamidol. After a similar bolus injection of 10 nmol of
      [14C]-PGE2, the efflux of radioactivity from the lungs was increased by
      diatrizoate, ioglycamate and ioxaglate but remained unchanged by iopamidol and
      metrizamide. The RCM infusion did not change the perfusion pressure. The present
      study indicates that ionic RCM decrease the inactivation of PGE2 in rat lungs and
      thus possibly increase the circulating level of this prostaglandin.

PMID- 6590536
TI  - Urinary excretion of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha in rats with hereditary
      diabetes insipidus.

PMID- 6590538
TI  - [Treatment of mandibular prognathism].

PMID- 6590537
TI  - Induction of DNA polymerase alpha and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in
      the human lymphoblastoid cell line Molt-4 by the immunomodulator bestatin.
AB  - The influence of the immunomodulator bestatin on the expression of terminal
      deoxynucleotidyl transferase and of DNA polymerase alpha and beta in Molt-4 cells
      has been studied. Bestatin was found to stimulate cell growth within the range of
      0.3-33 microM, while concentrations higher than 300 microM were inhibitory during
      an incubation period of 48 h. The cell surface bound microsomal leucine
      aminopeptidase (bestatin receptor) activity decreased gradually during incubation
      at concentrations of bestatin above 3 microM. This effect was also observed after
      incubation with amastatin, but not with leupeptin or tunicamycin. Determinations
      of the activities of DNA synthesizing enzymes from bestatin-treated Molt-4 cells
      revealed a direct correlation between the decrease of the surface bound
      microsomal leucine aminopeptidase activity and the increase of the terminal
      deoxynucleotidyl transferase and DNA polymerase alpha activity; the DNA
      polymerase beta activity remained unchanged. From these experiments it is
      hypothesized that bestatin might cause a promoting effect on the differentiation
      processes of precursor T cells in vivo.

PMID- 6590539
TI  - [The role of forensic odontology in the identification of cadavers].

PMID- 6590540
TI  - [Basic steps for mucoperiosteal surgical flaps in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6590541
TI  - [Erythroplakia of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6590542
TI  - [The composition and the behavior of the ground substance of the pulp in relation
      to the physicochemical properties of colloidal systems. I. Composition of the
      ground substance].

PMID- 6590543
TI  - [Current aspects of the rational for microbial culture in endodontic therapy].

PMID- 6590544
TI  - [Pulp capping to maintain pulp vitality in deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6590546
TI  - [Blue nevus of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6590545
TI  - [Supernumerary teeth in the posterior region of the jaw].

PMID- 6590547
TI  - [Evaluation of surgical methods in the treatment of periodontal disease].

PMID- 6590548
TI  - [The influences of complete dentures on the oral mucosa, the palatal glands and
      the bone of the residual ridges].

PMID- 6590549
TI  - [Chemiluminescent measuring of whole blood for quantitative determination of the
      immune response to pneumococcal vaccination].

PMID- 6590550
TI  - A second family with hemoglobin Willamette.

PMID- 6590551
TI  - Aloe Vera in dentistry.

PMID- 6590552
TI  - The future of dentistry: less dental disease and more dentists.

PMID- 6590553
TI  - Anorexia nervosa in a 45-year-old man.
AB  - A case of anorexia nervosa diagnosed at age 45 in a man with a 20-year history of
      eating disorder is described. The reasons why anorexia may go undiagnosed in men
      are reviewed. The need to consider the possibility of this "unusual" diagnosis in
      men presenting with weight loss, no matter what their age, is emphasized.

PMID- 6590555
TI  - Acinic cell tumors of salivary glands. Frequency and morphological study.
AB  - Among 873 salivary gland tumors, 15 cases of acinic cell tumors were found
      (frequency of 1.6%). They occurred approximately evenly in man and women, the
      mean age being 41 years. They were located principally in the major salivary
      glands (12 cases in the parotid and 1 case in the submandibular gland) and only
      twice in accessory glands. Histologically, these tumors were divided into two
      groups: group I = highly differentiated tumors (less than 20% undifferentiated
      cells) and group II = poorly differentiated tumors (more than 20%
      undifferentiated cells). These histological feature seems to play a role in the
      clinical behaviour of these neoplasms. Thus, the 9 patients with highly
      differentiated tumors were alive and well 5 to 22 years after the treatment. On
      the other hand, 5 of the 6 patients with poorly differentiated tumors had local
      recurrences (4 cases) and lethal metastases to distant lymph nodes and bone (3
      cases). The ultrastructural study corroborated the analogy of differentiated
      tumoral cells with normal acinic cells (numerous secretory granules and
      ergastoplasmic cisternae). Moreover, the undifferentiated cells had numerous
      ribosomes and their morphological structure was similar to that of intercalated
      duct cells. The histogenesis of this rare tumor is discussed. The acinic cell
      tumor seems more likely to arise from immature cells of intercalated ducts than
      from adult acinic cells.

PMID- 6590554
TI  - The distribution of filipin-cholesterol complexes in secretory ameloblasts of rat
      incisor.
AB  - The number of filipin-sterol complexes, visualised as 25-35 nm protuberances on
      freeze-fracture replicas of secretory ameloblasts of rat incisor, was small on
      the plasma membrane and nil on internal membranes of the cell body. Distal
      infoldings and vesicles inside Tomes process presented a higher number of
      protuberances. Such membrane-induced deformations were especially abundant on
      membrane remnants left inside the forming enamel and in holes at the dentine
      enamel junction. This reflects regional variations of cholesterol or
      accessibility of cholesterol. Increased rigidity of membranous remnants may play
      a role in the induction of local defects during rat enamel formation. These
      observations clarify the origin of phospholipids and cholesterol detected
      biochemically.

PMID- 6590557
TI  - [Low caries activity and salivary pH in youngsters dialyzed for chronic renal
      failure].
AB  - Caries experience was studied in 18 young patients dialyzed for chronic renal
      failure and aged 7 to 17 years. The mean plaque index (Silness and Loe, 1964) was
      1.89 +/- 0.15. Beside abundant plaque, these patients presented with poor oral
      hygiene and a food intake rich in sugars. Despite these unfavourable factors,
      caries experience was low. Of a total of 18 patients, ten (56%) had a DMF of 0.
      In addition, 11 subjects presented dental hypoplasias on more than two teeth. In
      these patients, the pH of whole saliva was determined at the beginning of the
      dialysis at time T and at the end of the dialysis at time To. The values at time
      T were always higher than those of time To. The mean pH at time T was 8.58 +/-
      0.01 and the mean pH at time To was 8.09 +/- 0.01. These high salivary pH values
      are related to the low caries experience noted in these patients.

PMID- 6590556
TI  - Distribution of filipin-cholesterol complexes in rat incisor odontoblasts.
AB  - Using the polyene antibiotic filipin as a probe to visualize cholesterol on
      freeze-fracture replicas of membranes of young odontoblasts of rat incisor, we
      demonstrated that cholesterol-rich domains were present in cell processes,
      whereas only a small number of deformations induced by cholesterol-filipin
      interaction was observed in cell bodies. Except for a few large vesicles,
      intracellular membranes did not react with filipin. The large number of
      intramembrane particles observed on the plasma membrane of odontoblast processes
      did not affect the formation of visible filipin-cholesterol complexes.

PMID- 6590558
TI  - Reduction of carcinogenicity of N-nitrosomethylurea by indomethacin and failure
      of resuming effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) against indomethacin.
AB  - Nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs such as indomethacin may play an important role
      in preventing the development of chemically induced experimental carcinomas of
      various organs including the large bowel in rats and mice. This effect might
      correlate with an inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis by these drugs.
      Sprague-Dawley rats were given three intrarectal doses of 4 mg N-nitrosomethyl
      urea (MNU) within week 1 to induce large-bowel carcinomas. The experimental
      groups of rats received a 0.001% aqueous solution of indomethacin ad libitum as
      drinking water for days 1-8 and/or a subcutaneous injection of 500 micrograms/kg
      body weight of PGE2 immediately before and 2 h after each MNU dose. They were
      then maintained on basal diet and plain tap water without further treatment. At
      autopsy at week 31, the tumor incidence and the mean number of tumors per rat
      were 90% and 1.7 in untreated rats, 67% and 0.8 in indomethacin-treated rats, and
      79% and 1.2 in indomethacin + PGE2-treated rats, respectively. The data indicate
      that indomethacin reduced the number of large-bowel tumors, while pharmacologic
      doses of PGE2 failed to reestablish the anticarcinogenic activity of
      indomethacin. It was concluded that a tolerable therapeutic dose of indomethacin
      can reduce the carcinogenic activity of MNU in the large bowel.

PMID- 6590559
TI  - Diagnostic block cephalometrics. Part 1.

PMID- 6590560
TI  - Quick-mounted diagnostic study models.

PMID- 6590561
TI  - Scheduling.

PMID- 6590562
TI  - A diastema-closing device.

PMID- 6590563
TI  - Effect of heat treatment on various properties of blue Elgiloy.

PMID- 6590564
TI  - Orthodontic economic index--1984.

PMID- 6590565
TI  - Diagnostic block cephalometrics. Part 2.

PMID- 6590567
TI  - Dental assistant for a day.

PMID- 6590566
TI  - Continuous clear retainer.

PMID- 6590568
TI  - Induction of terminal differentiation in human K562 erythroleukemia cells by
      arabinofuranosylcytosine.
AB  - We have previously demonstrated that continuous exposure of human HL-60 human
      promyelocytes to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) results in the
      induction of terminal differentiation to monocyte-like cells. The present study
      extends these findings by demonstrating that ara-C induces hemoglobin synthesis
      in human K562 erythroleukemia cells. This effect occurs maximally at an ara-C
      concentration (5 X 10(-7) M) that results in K562 cytostasis. In contrast to the
      reversible effects of hemin and hydroxyurea on globin synthesis in this cell
      line, we have found that the induction of K562 hemoglobin synthesis by ara-C is
      irreversible. An induction of K562 hemoglobin synthesis also occurs with
      aphidicolin, another inhibitor of S-phase DNA synthesis, but not with
      vinblastine, an inhibitor of mitosis. Finally, ara-C induction of a
      differentiated K562 phenotype is accompanied by the loss of self-renewal
      capacity, a finding consistent with terminal differentiation.

PMID- 6590571
TI  - Intelligence and achievement testing in childhood cancer: three years
      postdiagnosis.
AB  - Intellectual and educational testing, employing primarily the Wechsler
      Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) and the Wide Range Achievement
      Test (WRAT), was administered to two groups of children, one with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the other with a solid tumor (ST) which did not
      invade or involve the central nervous system (CNS). Initial testing was completed
      within 30 days following diagnosis and repeated one year and three years later.
      Separate ANOVA procedures on the ALL and ST patients were completed, with
      followup ANOVA procedures for two age groups. The ALL patients declined
      significantly on WISC-R vocabulary (p less than 0.05) and Full Scale IQ (p less
      than 0.05), but no significant changes were obtained from the ST patients.
      Separation of the ALL group into two age groups, less than 8 years and greater
      than or equal to 8 years revealed significant declines in the younger group on
      Verbal IQ, Performance IQ, Full Scale IQ, and WRAT arithmetic. However, no
      significant declines were observed in the older ALL group. The results suggest
      that declines in ability and achievement are limited to those ALL patients
      treated with CNS prophylaxis at relatively young ages.

PMID- 6590570
TI  - Natural killer cells are present in the normal human lung but are functionally
      impotent.
AB  - The lung is affected by disorders in which natural killer (NK) cells are thought
      to play an important defensive role. This study, however, demonstrated that
      normal lung lymphocytes actually express very little NK cell activity (P less
      than 0.001 compared with blood lymphocytes). This was true independent of the NK
      sensitive target used (K562, U937, MOLT-3, or Daudi). This lack of lung
      lymphocyte NK activity occurred even though the proportions of lymphocytes in the
      normal lower respiratory tract with the morphology (large granular lymphocytes)
      and surface antigen markers of NK cells were similar to that of blood (P greater
      than 0.5). Although normal lung lymphocytes bound to known NK-sensitive targets,
      they did not lyse these cells (P less than 0.001 compared with blood), which
      suggested that the lack of lung NK cell activity resulted from a relative
      inability of lung NK cells to destroy their targets. While the mechanisms of this
      functional impotence of lung NK cells are not clear, normal human alveolar
      macrophages and lower respiratory tract epithelial lining fluid exerted a
      profound suppressive effect on blood NK cell activity (P less than 0.001 for
      both) by inhibiting their ability to lyse target cells after binding (P less than
      0.001). Though impotent initially, when incubated for 24 h in medium alone,
      normal lung lymphocytes demonstrated markedly enhanced NK activity (P less than
      0.02), which suggested that lung NK cells do have the potential to express NK
      activity. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) further augmented this effect (P less than 0.05),
      but gamma interferon did not (P greater than 0.2). Consistent with this
      observation, lung lymphocytes from patients with active sarcoidosis, a disease in
      which lung lymphocytes are spontaneously releasing IL-2, did express NK cell
      activity (P less than 0.01). These studies suggest that although NK cells are
      present in the normal lung, they are functionally inactive, due, at least in
      part, to local inhibitory influences. In the presence of IL-2, however, lung NK
      cell activity is expressed, which suggests that lung NK cell activity can be
      modulated.

PMID- 6590569
TI  - Mechanisms of fever induced by recombinant human interferon.
AB  - Since the early trials using human interferon (hIFN) derived from blood
      leukocytes or cell lines, fever has been a prominent component of IFN therapy.
      Human protein impurities might account for the fever to cell-derived hIFN, but
      recombinant hIFN, free of extraneous human proteins, has produced fever in nearly
      all recipients during clinical trials. Our present studies were carried out to
      determine the mechanisms of fever due to recombinant hIFN currently being used in
      humans. Because recombinant hIFN is produced in Escherichia coli, in these
      experiments we considered contaminating endotoxin as the cause of fever.
      Polymyxin B, which blocks endotoxin, had no effect on the pyrogenicity of hIFN in
      rabbits. In addition, hIFN injected into an endotoxin-resistant strain of mice
      produced fever. The pyrogenicity of hIFN does not appear to involve production of
      leukocytic pyrogen (LP), since no circulating LP was detected in rabbits during
      IFN fever. Furthermore, human mononuclear cells incubated with hIFN in vitro at
      10(4)-10(6) U/ml did not release LP. However, hIFN stimulated prostaglandin E2
      (PGE2) release from rabbit hypothalamic tissue in vitro. Intracerebroventricular
      injection of hIFN into the awake cat also produced fever and a rise in PGE2
      levels in the cerebrospinal fluid; both effects were reversed by treatment with
      indomethacin. We conclude that the fever of recombinant hIFN is not due to
      endotoxin but that hIFN is intrinsically pyrogenic by inducing PGE2 in the
      hypothalamus.

PMID- 6590572
TI  - Fragile X syndrome associated with Tourette symptomatology in a male with
      moderate mental retardation and autism.

PMID- 6590573
TI  - Attentional deficits in long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia (ALL).
AB  - Simple alerted auditory reaction time (SRT) behavior with various foreperiods was
      investigated in a group of long-term survivors of childhood ALL who were in
      continuous first remission. As part of therapy, the patients had received cranial
      irradiation and intrathecal chemotherapy to prevent the development of central
      nervous system leukemia. The patients were divided into three groups on the basis
      of CT brain scan findings: (1) those with normal CT scans (n = 10); (2) those
      with evidence of cortical atrophy (n = 8), and (3) those with intracerebral
      calcifications (n = 5). The SRT results indicated significant differences between
      patients with normal and abnormal CT scans. Specifically, patients with abnormal
      scans reacted slower, and this latency was exaggerated by increasing the length
      of the warning interval. Furthermore, they reacted with larger variability which
      increased with the prolongation of testing. Moreover, the severity of impairment
      was related to the type of CT-scan abnormality: patients with calcifications
      performed more poorly than patients with evidence of atrophy. The present results
      revealed a strong correlation between the presence and type of CT-scan
      abnormalities and attentional performance in long-term survivors of childhood
      ALL.

PMID- 6590574
TI  - Statistical test of a short form of the speech-sounds perception test in a child
      population.
AB  - The adequacy of a shortened version of the children's Speech-Sounds Perception
      Test was examined. In two different groups of chronically ill children, stepwise
      multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the first three subtests (first 30
      items) accounted for over 87% of the variance in the total 60-item test. The 30
      item version appears to be as useful with children as the full 60-item test.

PMID- 6590575
TI  - An introduction to the dentist's role in the protection of abused and neglected
      children and youth.

PMID- 6590576
TI  - Abdominal and pelvic computed tomography in leukemic patients.
AB  - Fifty-two patients with different types of leukemia [27 chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia (CLL), 10 acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), eight acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia (ALL), four chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and three hairy cell
      leukemia (HCL)] had abdominal and pelvic CT. The radiographic features are
      reviewed to evaluate the role of CT in diagnosis and management of these
      patients. The highest incidence of lymphadenopathy was observed in CLL followed
      by HCL and ALL. Other findings included splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, ascites,
      pleural effusion, microabscesses in liver and kidney, and visceral involvement,
      i.e. intestine, bladder, and bone.

PMID- 6590577
TI  - Transient hyperdense cerebral areas in childhood leukemia: CT demonstration.
AB  - A child with acute myeloblastic leukemia and severe central nervous system
      complications during remission showed diffuse cerebral high density areas in a CT
      examination. These areas disappeared completely over the following few months.
      The possible causes for this phenomenon are discussed.

PMID- 6590578
TI  - The amounts of fluoride in current fluoride therapies: safety considerations for
      children.
AB  - With the increased use of various fluoride preparations for caries prevention,
      all dental personnel should know their potential toxicity and the margins of
      safety associated with their use. An understanding of the body's mechanisms for
      handling fluoride provides a rational basis for assessing the possible risks of
      excessive fluoride ingestion. Five to 10 grams of sodium fluoride is considered a
      Certainly Lethal Dose (CLD) for a 70 kg adult. One quarter of the CLD can be
      ingested without producing serious acute toxicity, and is known as the Safety
      Tolerated Dose (STD). CLDs and STDs for most commonly used fluoride agents and
      procedures show that they can be applied with little or no risk of adverse
      effects, as long as they are handled judiciously. If their use is abused, there
      is a risk of illness or even death. If amounts of fluoride close to the CLD are
      ingested, the speed of initiating proper treatment is critical for survival.
      Vomiting should be induced, if it is not spontaneous; fluoride-binding liquids,
      such as milk, administered; and the patient taken to the nearest hospital for
      emergency care. Frequent ingestion of low, but excessive quantities of fluoride
      during the period of tooth formation can lead to dental fluorosis. Particular
      concern is warranted for the ingestion of fluoride-containing toothpastes by
      young children and the inappropriate use of dietary fluoride supplements in
      communities with sufficient fluoride already present in drinking water. Parents
      should brush the teeth of preschool children or, at the very least, dispense only
      small amounts of toothpaste for them (a pea-size portion). Dentists and
      physicians should know the fluoride concentration of a patient's water supply
      before prescribing fluoride supplements. Fluoride preparations should be
      dispensed in appropriate quantities; labeled with suitable cautionary statements;
      packaged, when appropriate, with childproof closures or in tearproof materials;
      and stored in safe locations. Practitioners should use only FDA- or ADA- approved
      products, employ recommended methods for their delivery; know their toxicity; and
      be familiar with emergency measures for treating accidental overdosages. The risk
      of adverse effects is small, when fluorides are handled judiciously.

PMID- 6590579
TI  - Occlusal restoration using fissure sealant instead of "extension for prevention".
AB  - This study was conducted to determine the success of a conservative cavity
      preparation using the principle of "sealing for prevention" rather than cavity
      "extension for prevention". Three hundred and twenty one restorations were placed
      in 234 teeth of 110 subjects, ages six to fourteen, with a mean age of eight
      years. After three years, 273 restorations were examined. Caries appeared in ten
      teeth and sealant wear occurred in sixteen restorations. Complete sealant loss
      was observed in two restorations and partial loss in thirty-nine, leaving 224
      restorations with complete retention of the sealant. These preliminary results
      demonstrate that conservative cavity preparation with sealing for prevention is a
      successful technique which conserves valuable tooth structure.

PMID- 6590580
TI  - The third molar question: to extract or not to extract.
AB  - Self-interest, moralists suggest, strongly influences people's behavior. To test
      the possible effect on dentists, we asked four groups--oral surgeons,
      periodontists, general practitioners, and orthodontists--to evaluate the need for
      removal of third molars in three cases. As expected, oral surgeons, who had the
      most to gain, recommended extraction at a significantly higher rate than the
      other groups. We found a direct hierarchical relationship between the degree of
      surgical orientation of a group and its likelihood to see a need for extraction.

PMID- 6590581
TI  - Pulpal pathology in relation to discoloration of primary anterior teeth.
AB  - Discoloration is the most common sequela to trauma in the primary dentition
      (Hargreaves, et al, 1981). The significance of this phenomenon has not been
      properly investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate histologically
      pulpal changes in discolored primary anterior teeth following trauma. Twenty
      three healthy children ranging in age from one year, eleven months to six years,
      seven months were included. The sample included teeth with no evidence of abscess
      formation clinically or radiographically, no history of pain, and no mobility.
      All teeth had a minimum of three-quarter root length. Shade matching was
      determined by the same operator, utilizing a Vita Lumin shade guide. Each tooth
      was anesthetized, isolated, disinfected, then opened. Pulp tissues were
      extirpated and placed in formalin. Histologic evaluation was performed
      maintaining a double-blind system of identification. Three major problem areas
      were evaluated: necrosis, acute inflammation, and chronic inflammation. Each was
      graded on a four-point scale. Total pulpal necrosis occurred in eleven of the
      twenty-three specimens. Seven specimens showed complete autolysis. Eight
      specimens showed dystrophic calcification with associated partial necrosis and
      inflammation. No healthy specimens were found. There was no apparent correlation
      between the shade of discoloration and the histologic status of the pulps
      examined. All discolored teeth showed significant histopathological changes.

PMID- 6590582
TI  - Oral hygiene status and habitual toothbrushing in children.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of frequency, duration
      and systematicness of toothbrushing on the amount of dental plaque in school
      children. School children in four classes (n = 110, mean age = 13.5 years) were
      included. Data were collected using clinical examination and questionnaire. Data
      were first analyzed separately for girls and boys according to background factors
      and then by the components of toothbrushing, success in school, and the father's
      education. Boys had more plaque than girls did; the amount was influenced by
      background factors. Amount of plaque and frequency of toothbrushing were not
      clearly correlated with each other. Duration of brushing and amount of plaque,
      instead, were highly correlated. On the other hand, systematicness of brushing
      and amount of plaque were not clearly related. The results of this study
      indicated the need for broader evaluation of the information and methods used in
      oral health education in order to raise the effectiveness of habitual
      toothbrushing.

PMID- 6590583
TI  - Unerupted maxillary anterior supernumerary teeth: report of 204 cases.
AB  - Two hundred and four cases of unerupted maxillary anterior supernumerary teeth
      were found among Hong Kong school children between the ages of six to 9.5 years.
      The anomaly was prominent in the male with a sex ratio of 5.4:1. There was no
      significant difference in the distribution of unilateral and bilateral
      supernumerary teeth, between the two sexes. Most of the supernumeraries were
      located within the central incisor region. The inverted type was found to be
      associated with bodily displacement, median diastema and torsiversion, while the
      normally oriented ones were related to delayed eruption. The association of
      maxillary anterior supernumeraries with clinical symptoms was compared with
      studies on Caucasian populations, and guidelines were described for their early
      diagnosis.

PMID- 6590584
TI  - Stevens-Johnson syndrome: report of case with abnormal root development.
AB  - Radiographic follow-up of a Caucasian, Philippino descendent boy revealed
      abnormal dental development. At the age of four years the apices of second
      primary molars were still open; at the age of eight years a late, slow, and
      irregular dental development, unrelated to any systemic disease, was confirmed.

PMID- 6590585
TI  - Idiopathic, late, slow, and irregular dental development: report of case.
AB  - Although reports of generalized idiopathic diminished root formation have been
      identified by a few authors, only one such case has been associated with the
      condition of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The present clinical report provides
      additional evidence to implicate the condition of Stevens-Johnson syndrome in a
      case of generalized abnormal root development.

PMID- 6590586
TI  - Nutritional and therapeutic aspects of fermented dairy products.
AB  - In summary, evaluation of the nutrient composition of fermented dairy foods
      indicates that, like milk, they are good sources of protein, calcium, riboflavin
      and vitamin B12. Fermented dairy foods are also a good source of folic acid due
      to microbial synthesis. The absorption of lactose in yogurt is enhanced by the
      presence of bacterial lactase. Like their nonfermented counterparts, fermented
      dairy foods may be chosen within a broad range of fat and calorie levels.
      Fermented and low fat milk products contain only forty to sixty-three calories
      per 100 grams, whereas sour cream, like sweet cream, is high in fat and contains
      over two hundred calories per 100 grams. Some fermented dairy foods have
      antibiotic or antitumor activity in vitro or in laboratory rats. The relevance of
      these findings to the treatment of human diseases is unknown.

PMID- 6590587
TI  - Caffeine.

PMID- 6590588
TI  - The level of residual monomer in self curing resins for temporary crown and
      bridge.

PMID- 6590589
TI  - [Relation of the maxillary canines to the incisive papilla].

PMID- 6590590
TI  - [A comparative study of the DMF rate and number of visits of children patients
      waiting for complete treatment].

PMID- 6590591
TI  - [Mucosal graft for vestibuloplasty (a case report)].

PMID- 6590593
TI  - Proceedings of the sixty-first American Association of Dental Schools annual
      session.

PMID- 6590594
TI  - Another look at behavioral sciences in dentistry: perspectives on collaborative
      clinical research.
AB  - This paper explores the collaborative research relationships between clinical
      dentists and behavioral scientists in dental education. The emergence of
      behavioral sciences in dentistry is discussed and attention is given to the
      nature of professional roles in collaborative clinical research. Components for a
      model for collaborative clinical research are specified based on the research
      experiences of behavioral scientists with colleagues in prosthodontics and
      orthodontics.

PMID- 6590592
TI  - [It is time in Thailand to use xylitol instead of sucrose for the prevention of
      dental caries].

PMID- 6590595
TI  - Predictors of performance on National Board Examinations Part II.
AB  - An effort was made to determine successful predictors of performance on National
      Board Examinations Part II. Preliminary results, using stepwise regression
      analysis, identified two predictor variables accounting for 65 percent of the
      variance in the criterion variable. Cross-validation regression analysis again
      identified the same two predictor variables accounting for 69 percent of the
      variance in the criterion variable. In both investigations, the correlation
      coefficients for the predicted National Board averages and the actual National
      Board averages are statistically significant. Implications of the studies are
      discussed.

PMID- 6590596
TI  - Differences among entering dental classes in attitudes toward health care issues.
AB  - Attitudes toward social and professional issues in health care were examined for
      six successive entering classes in a single dental school. Attitudes were
      assessed on six scales derived by factor analysis of a larger set of questions
      presented to first-year students. The analyses focused on detection of annual
      variations and longer term differences in attitudes, and on associations between
      attitudes and students' background characteristics. Both annual variations and
      longer term differences were found, but no strong associations between students'
      characteristics and attitudes were noted. The finding that entering students'
      attitudes differ between classes can be of importance to educators' teaching
      strategies.

PMID- 6590597
TI  - A multidisciplinary approach to radiology instruction for predental students.

PMID- 6590598
TI  - American Association of Dental Schools Section on Operative Dentistry. Curriculum
      guidelines for operative dentistry.

PMID- 6590599
TI  - The dental auxiliary faculty file 1983-84.

PMID- 6590600
TI  - Herpes: rapid relief with influenza virus vaccine.

PMID- 6590601
TI  - Successful sealant 'failure'.

PMID- 6590602
TI  - 'Pizza palate'.

PMID- 6590603
TI  - Televised public education: pro...and con.

PMID- 6590604
TI  - The cariogenicity of soft drinks in the United States.
AB  - The cariogenicity of soft drinks was evaluated in 3,194 Americans aged 9 to 29
      years who were examined during the NHANES I survey conducted from 1971 to 1974. A
      significant positive association was found between the frequencies of at- and
      between-meal consumption of soft drinks and high DMFT scores. These associations
      remained even after accounting for the reported concurrent consumption of other
      sugary foods and other confounding variables. The results of this study
      underscore the need for further evaluation of the relation between adhesiveness
      of sugary foods and dental caries and more research of the cariogenicity (or lack
      of it) of diet drinks. "Pure cariogenicity" is suggested as a term to apply to
      gram-for-gram comparisons, whereas "effective cariogenicity" also considers
      amount and frequency of consumption. Dentists and auxiliaries, in their dental
      health education, should not imply that sugary solutions are less cariogenic than
      sticky snacks, for there may be no difference in effective cariogenicity in
      modern American society.

PMID- 6590605
TI  - Dental fear and avoidance: causes, symptoms, and consequences.
AB  - A specialized community dental unit for dental fear treatment was used to
      investigate 160 adult patients. The patients, predominantly women 20 to 40 years
      old, had avoided regular dental care for an average of 16 years. Psychosocial and
      psychosomatic conditions were common. Dental fear generally had started in
      childhood (85%) and the dominating causative factor was previous traumatic dental
      experiences. For fear of early origin, the dentist's professional behavior was
      most important, whereas for fear acquired in adult years, pain was important. The
      most feared events in dentistry ranked by the patients were drilling, having an
      anesthetic, and extraction. The most desired dentist attributes were
      understanding and trying to avoid pain, whereas the most undesired were being
      heavy-handed, critical, and remote and distant. The dental status was strongly
      affected by fear and avoidance, and the deterioration was significantly more
      pronounced in men.

PMID- 6590606
TI  - Orthodontic tooth movement response in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: report of case.
AB  - The clinical manifestations of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome have been discussed. These
      include oral symptoms and problems with the integument, joints, and vasculature.
      An outline of the variations in the types of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome was given.
      The expected tissue response to tooth movement was discussed. Finally, a report
      of the orthodontic treatment of a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with its
      special clinical considerations was provided.

PMID- 6590607
TI  - Management of a broken needle in the pterygomandibular space: report of case.
AB  - The management of a broken short 30-gauge hypodermic needle after an inferior
      alveolar dental nerve block in a 3-year-old child is discussed. Because of the
      possibility of the needle migrating toward vital structures, and because of the
      psychologic and medicolegal implications that could arise, we believed that the
      needle should be immediately removed with surgical procedures.

PMID- 6590608
TI  - Adverse side effects associated with prednisone in the treatment of patients with
      oral inflammatory ulcerative diseases.
AB  - Systemic glucocorticoids in the form of prednisone have been effective in
      reducing signs and symptoms in a variety of acute and chronic oral inflammatory
      diseases. In the 101 patients prospectively studied, the benefits from prednisone
      treatment far outweighed the adverse side effects, which occurred in 61 patients.
      However, none of the adverse side effects was severe enough to require cessation
      of the prednisone. The adverse effects, which could be minimized by reducing the
      dosage in most instances, were primarily related to treatment that persisted for
      more than two weeks. Fluid retention or bloating was the most common symptom, and
      insomnia was the chief side effect in those patients receiving short-term
      treatment (less than two weeks). Blood sugar, blood pressure, weight, and white
      blood cell counts were not meaningfully altered. Variables in patients' drug
      response and side effects precluded formulation of precise prednisone dosages
      that would allow predictive outcomes.

PMID- 6590609
TI  - Survey of smoking behavior and attitudes of 630 American dentists: current
      trends.
AB  - A random sample of 630 American dentists (7.9% of the total) who attended the
      first three days of the 124th annual session showed that 52 dentists (8.3%)
      currently smoke and only 34 (5.4%) smoke cigarettes. There were 219 exsmokers
      (34.8%) and 359 (56.9%) who had never smoked. In comparison with earlier studies,
      dentists in this national sample increasingly believe that they have a role in
      helping their patients who smoke to quit. Eleven office strategies for helping
      patients quit smoking were surveyed. Three reasons are discussed as to why these
      dentists could have changed their behavior and attitudes toward smoking during
      the past 20 years: dentists probably have become aware of the general health
      hazards caused by smoking via the surgeon general's reports, they could have
      developed firsthand knowledge concerning the oral ill effects of tobacco, and
      they could be reflecting the general trend of Americans toward adopting healthier
      lifestyles.

PMID- 6590610
TI  - Need for prior toothcleaning when performing a professional topical fluoride
      application: review and recommendations for change.

PMID- 6590611
TI  - Firm swelling on the anterior maxillary gingiva of an infant.
AB  - A female infant with a congenital granular cell epulis on the maxillary gingiva
      has been described. This is consistent with the most common clinical presentation
      of this lesion. The similarities and differences of this lesion are compared with
      granular cell tumor.

PMID- 6590612
TI  - [Effect of polishing on water sorption and solubility of composite resins].

PMID- 6590613
TI  - [Phlogogenous effects of the irritating substances in infected root canals].

PMID- 6590614
TI  - A study on surface features in phosphate-bonded investment (part 1). Thermal
      behavior in the high-temperature range.

PMID- 6590615
TI  - [Posterior restorative composite resins and marginal leakage. 2. Effect of dental
      adhesive materials and bevel].

PMID- 6590616
TI  - [The clinical examination of retention in open bite cases. 3 cases using adhesive
      splints].

PMID- 6590617
TI  - [Masticatory muscle activity in a patient with implant dentures. A case of
      Kennedy Class II division 1].

PMID- 6590618
TI  - [Sterol metabolism of cultured mouse epidermal keratinocytes in terminal
      differentiation and the effect of chemical carcinogens and tumor promoters on
      it].

PMID- 6590619
TI  - [The mechanisms of catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla.
      Pharmacological studies with calmodulin antagonists].

PMID- 6590620
TI  - [A case report of partial dentures using the Mays attachment].

PMID- 6590621
TI  - [A scanning electron microscopy study of the ciliated epithelium from a
      surgically removed maxillary cyst, in vivo and in vitro].

PMID- 6590622
TI  - Case of the month. Eruption cyst.

PMID- 6590623
TI  - Interpret your x-rays. Giant cell reparative granuloma.

PMID- 6590625
TI  - Lipoma of the parotid gland. A case report.

PMID- 6590624
TI  - Operation theatre discipline.

PMID- 6590626
TI  - Some perceptions and perceptives in dental science.

PMID- 6590627
TI  - Prevalence of dental caries in high and low fluoride areas of Salem district,
      Tamilnadu in south India.

PMID- 6590628
TI  - Prevalence of caries among tribal school children in Phulbani district, Orissa.

PMID- 6590629
TI  - Laser and its applications in dentistry.

PMID- 6590630
TI  - Cryosurgery in the management of haemangiomas.

PMID- 6590631
TI  - Interpret your x-rays. Mono-cystic benign tumor.

PMID- 6590632
TI  - Indian Dental Association's National Workshop on "Oral Health Goals for India and
      Strategies to Achieve them by 2000 A.D.".

PMID- 6590633
TI  - Candida in oral leukoplakia.

PMID- 6590634
TI  - Evaluation of periodontal status of north Indian subjects having different
      crushing habits.

PMID- 6590635
TI  - Effect of heat treatment on 18.8 Truchrome stainless steel wire.

PMID- 6590636
TI  - Case of the month. Neurilemmoma.

PMID- 6590637
TI  - Interpret your x-rays. Temporomandibular joint subluxation.

PMID- 6590638
TI  - Pericoronitis III: a study of the clinical course.

PMID- 6590640
TI  - Prevalence of oral cancer in habiters and non-habiters in southern Orissa.

PMID- 6590641
TI  - Effect of complete dentures on the activity of buccinator muscles--an
      electromyographic study.

PMID- 6590639
TI  - Orthodontic management of traumatically intruded incisor--a case report.

PMID- 6590642
TI  - Geminated composite odontoma. A case report.

PMID- 6590643
TI  - Multiple radiolucencies of the mandible: a review of differential diagnoses and a
      case report.

PMID- 6590644
TI  - Restoring orthognathic surgery patients.

PMID- 6590645
TI  - ABC's periodontics. "F" is for the frenum.

PMID- 6590646
TI  - A B C's periodontics. "G" is for gingival grafting.

PMID- 6590647
TI  - Denture identification.

PMID- 6590648
TI  - Induction of hapten-specific lymphoid cell proliferation by liposome-carrying
      molecules from haptenated epidermal cells in contact sensitivity.
AB  - Liposomes containing the extract of trinitrophenylated (TNP) epidermal cells
      stimulated lymph node cells from TNCB-sensitized mice effectively. Optimal
      stimulation was achieved by the liposome containing 0.06 microgram of the extract
      of TNP epidermal cells/microgram of phospholipid at a concentration of 20
      micrograms phospholipid/ml. The response was hapten-specific and macrophage
      dependent. UV irradiation of the epidermal cells abolished their ability to
      stimulate the lymph node cells. Furthermore, the liposomes containing the extract
      of TNP epidermal cells treated with anti-Ia and complement failed to stimulate
      the lymph node cells. The liposomes recovered their reactivity when nonhaptenated
      Ia antigen-rich epidermal extract was added. Taken together, it is likely that
      haptenated molecules and Ia antigen on the liposome stimulated T-lymphocytes in
      the presence of macrophages.

PMID- 6590650
TI  - Centric relation reappraised.

PMID- 6590649
TI  - The influence of the herpes simplex virus on jaw muscle function.

PMID- 6590651
TI  - The incidence of forceps delivery among patients with TMJ problems. A preliminary
      study.

PMID- 6590652
TI  - The entrapped greater occipital nerve and internal derangement of the
      temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6590653
TI  - Examining temporomandibular disorder patients for cranio-cervical dysfunction.

PMID- 6590654
TI  - Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6590655
TI  - Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joint: preliminary
      observations.

PMID- 6590656
TI  - A computerized system to study masticatory function.

PMID- 6590657
TI  - The effects of mandibular orthopedic repositioning appliance on shoulder
      strength.

PMID- 6590658
TI  - Orthodontic/orthopedic treatment of craniomandibular pain dysfunction. Part 1:
      diagnosis with transcranial radiographs.

PMID- 6590659
TI  - A rationale for manipulative medicine.

PMID- 6590660
TI  - Nonsurgical management of internal derangements: a report of three cases.

PMID- 6590661
TI  - Treatment of jaw clicking with temporomandibular repositioning: analysis of 25
      cases.

PMID- 6590662
TI  - A tomographic study of the condyle/fossa relationship in patients with TMJ
      dysfunction.

PMID- 6590663
TI  - Electromyography before and after treatment of TMJ dysfunction.

PMID- 6590664
TI  - Orthodontic/orthopedic treatment of craniomandibular pain dysfunction. Part 2:
      posterior condylar displacement.

PMID- 6590665
TI  - Analysis of functional disturbances of the masticatory system.

PMID- 6590666
TI  - Joint distraction with a functional maxillomandibular orthopedic appliance.

PMID- 6590667
TI  - Questionnaire evaluation of craniomandibular pain factors among college students.

PMID- 6590668
TI  - The bicuspid buildup as a diagnostic aid in TMJ and muscular dysfunction.

PMID- 6590670
TI  - Demographics in Ireland.

PMID- 6590669
TI  - Myofascial pain associated with unilateral masseteric hypertrophy in a
      condylectomy patient.

PMID- 6590671
TI  - Dental health patterns of Irish children and adults.

PMID- 6590672
TI  - Estimating oral health manpower requirements.

PMID- 6590673
TI  - An approach to studying dental manpower.

PMID- 6590674
TI  - Dental manpower in Minnesota, U.S.A.

PMID- 6590675
TI  - A rhinolith perforating the hard palate.

PMID- 6590676
TI  - A modified lighting system for dental photography.

PMID- 6590677
TI  - The organisation of a primary dental care service for children with cleft lip and
      palate.

PMID- 6590678
TI  - [Calcification and absorption in hard tissues--an ultrastructural study].

PMID- 6590679
TI  - [Disposal of amalgam chips and powder].

PMID- 6590680
TI  - [Occlusal guidance during incisor eruption].

PMID- 6590681
TI  - [Dentistry in People's Republic of China].

PMID- 6590682
TI  - [Physico-mechanical characteristics of dental amalgam].

PMID- 6590683
TI  - [Denture cleansing].

PMID- 6590685
TI  - [Clinical tests in dentistry].

PMID- 6590684
TI  - [Dentistry in Sweden].

PMID- 6590686
TI  - [Medical psychology for dentists].

PMID- 6590687
TI  - [Various basic problems related to dental implantation; a discussion].

PMID- 6590688
TI  - [Warnings issued by the Ministry of Health on naproxen tablets, penicillins and
      cefems].

PMID- 6590689
TI  - [Multivariant analysis of dental patients based on questionnaires].

PMID- 6590690
TI  - [Morphology of the deciduous molar root].

PMID- 6590691
TI  - [Prevention of malocclusion--bad habits found among infants and toddlers].

PMID- 6590692
TI  - [Molar restoration with resins].

PMID- 6590693
TI  - [How to cope with anxiety--the dentists' viewpoint: a discussion].

PMID- 6590694
TI  - [A periodontologic study of bacteria in the periodontal pocket--in vitro
      adherence of bacteria to the metal materials of periodontal probes].

PMID- 6590695
TI  - [In vitro assay system of antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxity against
      human gingival fibroblastoid cells].

PMID- 6590696
TI  - [Clinical examination of furcation involvement. An anatomical study of the lower
      first molar furcation and an examination of the fitness of the furcation probe on
      it].

PMID- 6590697
TI  - [Ultrastructural study on the new attachment between surgically denuded dentin
      surfaces and regenerated periodontal tissues].

PMID- 6590698
TI  - [A method for the collection of thick walled bacteria from the bacterial mass of
      varying strains--a morphological device].

PMID- 6590699
TI  - [The mechanisms of dental plaque and dental calculus formation by fibronectin. 1.
      Existence of fibronectin in the salivary glands, saliva and dental plaque].

PMID- 6590700
TI  - [Ultrasonography of the periodontal tissue].

PMID- 6590701
TI  - [4 dimensional study on the growth and development of the dentofacial complex.
      Restraint effects of retractor on the mandible of miniature pigs].

PMID- 6590702
TI  - [Acoustic analysis of nasalization in cleft palate speech].

PMID- 6590703
TI  - [An individualized longitudinal study of the effect of extraoral force on
      mandibular growth during puberty].

PMID- 6590704
TI  - [The change in the pH of a reactive solution and its effect on crystal growth
      during the formation of fluorapatite].

PMID- 6590705
TI  - [Evaluation of bone development using bone mineral content].

PMID- 6590707
TI  - [3 cases of impacted lower first molar].

PMID- 6590706
TI  - [The relation between the direction of retraction using the chin cap, mandibular
      shape and stress distribution in mandible].

PMID- 6590709
TI  - [The anatomy of the pulp chamber floor of the permanent mandibular first molar].

PMID- 6590708
TI  - [Body temperature in rats after tooth extraction].

PMID- 6590711
TI  - [An electron microscopy study of the effect of excessive occlusal force on the
      periodontium of dogs].

PMID- 6590710
TI  - [A roentgenocephalometric study of teeth and profile changes in orthodontically
      treated patient with four bicuspid extractions].

PMID- 6590712
TI  - Clinical experience with a protease inhibitor [N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl 4-(4
      guanidinobenzoyloxy)-phenylacetate] methanesulfate for prevention of recurrence
      of carcinoma of the mouth and in treatment of terminal carcinoma.
AB  - A protease inhibitor, (N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl 4-(4-guanidinobenzoyloxy)
      phenylacetate) methanesulfate was administered orally 3 times daily to 9 patients
      with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, at doses ranging from 0.6 g. to
      7.2 g. Seven of 9 patients who had undergone all kinds of therapies were observed
      to see whether recurrence was prevented and in no case did the tumour recur.
      Also, in 2 terminal secondary cases tumour remission resulted. Histologically,
      after this therapy, carcinomatous lesions showed marked hyperkeratosis in 2 cases
      and the survival time in 1 case was markedly prolonged. Haematological and
      gastrointestinal toxicity was almost never observed at these doses.

PMID- 6590713
TI  - Specific immunological stimulation induced by cryosurgery in patients with
      squamous-cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.
AB  - Following earlier personal studies indicating that cryosurgery stimulates several
      non-specific immunological parameters, mainly those of the cell-mediated
      component, in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the oral cavity,
      inhibition of leukocyte migration (evaluated by means of the LIF test) was
      investigated, using a heterologous squamous-cell tumour extract, before and 7 and
      14 days after a single cryotherapy session in 14 patients (11 in stages I and II,
      3 in stages III and IV). Increased inhibition was observed after 7 days in 8
      subjects (57.2%)-72.7% in stage I-II patients. In two cases, reactivity appeared
      for the first time. In 7/8 cases, this increase persisted, though at lower
      levels, until the 14th day. The conclusion is drawn that cryosurgery can
      stimulate specific delayed hypersensitivity in stage I-II squamous-cell carcinoma
      of mouth.

PMID- 6590714
TI  - Fibrosarcoma of the jaws. A study of 7 cases.
AB  - Seven cases of fibrosarcoma of the jaws are presented. Five cases were in the
      mandible and 2 involved the maxilla. There were 3 males and 4 females and ages
      varied from 11 to 59 years. Four patients were in their third decade. All
      patients died of their tumour. Reason for death was local extension (2 patients);
      metastatic spread (2 patients); both local extension and metastatic spread (2
      patients); and post-operative complications (1 patient). Factors causing this
      unfavourable clinical course are discussed. Chemotherapy and irradiation were of
      no therapeutic benefit. Some notes on histogenesis are made with respect to an
      odontogenic origin of jaw fibrosarcoma. This possibility exists but contributory
      evidence is equivocal unless a secondary fibrosarcoma has arisen in a benign
      odontogenic tumour.

PMID- 6590715
TI  - Changes in the axial inclinations of upper and lower incisors after mandibular
      surgery in class III cases.
AB  - Cephalometric radiographs of the position of upper and lower incisors following
      mandibular surgery only were undertaken in 31 cases. All cases were seen before
      and after treatment, and after all retention had ceased. Pre-treatment records
      revealed some compensation of the incisor angulation for the skeletal
      discrepancy, and post-operatively the upper incisors proclined further and the
      lower incisors remained unchanged.

PMID- 6590716
TI  - A halo-caliper guidance system for bi-maxillary (dual-arch) orthognathic surgery.
AB  - This paper reports a simple method for localisation of both maxilla and mandible
      into planned new positions when both jaws are to be freed during bi-maxillary
      orthognathic surgery. A three stage system using a halo frame and a detachable
      caliper of one eighth inch rod and two universal joints is described for use with
      either silver cap splint or orthodontic arch wire fixation.

PMID- 6590717
TI  - Popliteal pterygium syndrome presenting with orofacial abnormalities. Report of a
      family.
AB  - A family with popliteal pterygium syndrome is reported: two children presented a
      mild form of the syndrome, while their mother exhibited full expression of the
      gene. Only 11 families with 29 affected members and 25 sporadic cases have been
      published. This malformation syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant
      pattern, but environmental factors or genetic heterogeneity cannot be excluded in
      sporadic occurrences. The variability of expression is discussed and a comparison
      with previously published familial cases is made: minor anomalies, if present in
      relatives of patients with full gene expressions, are as helpful in making the
      diagnosis as are major abnormalities. Careful evaluation of the proband's family
      is essential for diagnosis and subsequent genetic counselling.

PMID- 6590718
TI  - Bilateral facial microsomia associated with separation of the posterior portions
      of the maxilla. A case report.
AB  - A case of bilateral facial microsomia associated with separations of the
      posterior portion of the maxilla is presented. The X-ray findings revealed
      hypoplasia of the condyles, absence of the coronoid processes of the mandible,
      and displacement of the pterygoid processes. Cephalometric analysis revealed a
      characteristic feature of the facial skeleton a rotation clockwise to the
      anterior cranial base.

PMID- 6590719
TI  - Giant frontal sinus mucocoele. Report of two cases.
AB  - The giant frontal sinus mucocoele is best approached surgically using a bi
      coronal flap to give an ample view of orbital and intra-cranial extensions. The
      size of the cystic cavity necessitates packing rather than obliteration with
      autografts. Reconstruction of the frontal bone may be carried out as a secondary
      procedure.

PMID- 6590720
TI  - Chondroma of the tongue. Report of a case.
AB  - A case of chondroma which occurred in the midline of the dorsum of the tongue in
      a 40-year-old Japanese male is reported together with a review of the literature.
      Histological investigation revealed that this lingual chondroma had the
      characteristics of hyaline cartilage. We regard the metaplastic transformation
      theory as the best explanation of histogenesis of lingual chondroma at the
      lateral margin, while cartilaginous rests are the origin of lingual chondroma on
      the dorsum of the tongue.

PMID- 6590721
TI  - A clinico-pathologic presentation. Periapical cemental dysplasia.

PMID- 6590722
TI  - The professional liability climate in Massachusetts.

PMID- 6590723
TI  - Malpractice: an ounce of prevention.

PMID- 6590724
TI  - Peer review and you.

PMID- 6590725
TI  - Osseous healing kinetics after apicoectomy in monkeys: I. An isodensitometric
      interpretation of radiographic images.

PMID- 6590726
TI  - The duration of effectiveness of root canal medicaments.

PMID- 6590728
TI  - Mast cells in human dental pulp.

PMID- 6590727
TI  - A comparative tissue toxicity evaluation of Gutta-percha root canal sealers. Part
      I. Six-hour findings.

PMID- 6590729
TI  - Conservative management of dens evaginatus.

PMID- 6590730
TI  - Vital root resection in maxillary molar teeth: a longitudinal study.

PMID- 6590731
TI  - A study of cutting efficiency of seven brands of endodontic files in linear
      motion.

PMID- 6590732
TI  - The periodontal ligament injection as a diagnostic tool--fact or fantasy?

PMID- 6590733
TI  - A histological comparison of calcium hydroxide plugs and dentin plugs used for
      the control of Gutta-percha root canal filling material.

PMID- 6590734
TI  - The excitability of dog pulp nerves in relation to the condition of dentine
      surface.

PMID- 6590735
TI  - Isopropyl cyanoacrylate as a root canal sealer.

PMID- 6590737
TI  - Evaluation of the dentinal bridge after pulpotomy and calcium hydroxide dressing.

PMID- 6590736
TI  - The effect of canal preparation on the formation and leakage characteristics of
      the apical dentin plug.

PMID- 6590738
TI  - Radiographic evidence of absorption of Hydron from an obturated root canal.

PMID- 6590739
TI  - Dens evaginatus: case report of a successful treatment.

PMID- 6590740
TI  - The management of an anterior radicular fracture.

PMID- 6590741
TI  - Electromyographic silent period in subjects with pain of pulpal origin.

PMID- 6590742
TI  - The porcine jaw: an aid for teaching endodontic surgery.

PMID- 6590743
TI  - Clockwise or counterclockwise.

PMID- 6590744
TI  - Orthodontic root resorption of vital and endodontically treated teeth.

PMID- 6590745
TI  - A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of human dentinal tubules according to
      age and location.

PMID- 6590746
TI  - An investigation of the torsional and bending properties of seven brands of
      endodontic files.

PMID- 6590747
TI  - A geminated tooth with adjacent cyst.

PMID- 6590748
TI  - Dentin dysplasia: endodontic considerations and report of involvement of three
      siblings.

PMID- 6590749
TI  - Intrusive luxation of an immature incisor.

PMID- 6590750
TI  - Treating vertical root fractures.

PMID- 6590751
TI  - A C-shaped canal configuration in a maxillary first molar.

PMID- 6590752
TI  - A single mesial canal and two distal canals in a mandibular second molar.

PMID- 6590753
TI  - Orthodontic external root resorption--endodontic considerations.

PMID- 6590754
TI  - Dynamic fracture of conventional endodontic instruments versus experimental
      files.

PMID- 6590755
TI  - Scanning electron microscope study of the warm gutta-percha technique.

PMID- 6590756
TI  - The effect of endotoxin on the synthesis of connective tissue matrix components
      by pulp fibroblasts in vitro.

PMID- 6590758
TI  - A modification of the No. 3 rubber dam clamp.

PMID- 6590757
TI  - Formocresol: a root canal disinfectant provoking allergic skin reactions in
      presensitized guinea pigs.

PMID- 6590759
TI  - A mannequin model for teaching endodontic surgery.

PMID- 6590760
TI  - Silver point retreatment: review and case report.

PMID- 6590761
TI  - Histological appearance of pulps after exposure by a crown fracture, partial
      pulpotomy, and clinical diagnosis of healing.

PMID- 6590762
TI  - Tissue pH of developing periapical lesions in dogs.

PMID- 6590763
TI  - Cutting ability of K type endodontic files.

PMID- 6590764
TI  - Is the radioopacity standard for gutta-percha sufficient in clinical use?

PMID- 6590765
TI  - Sinusitis secondary to pregnancy rhinitis, mimicking pain of endodontic origin: a
      case report.

PMID- 6590767
TI  - Reliability of radiographical interpretations.

PMID- 6590766
TI  - The symptoms of an angiosarcoma mimicking pulpal pain.

PMID- 6590768
TI  - The double-flared technique: an alternative for biomechanical preparation.

PMID- 6590769
TI  - Concepts of accidental overfilling and overinstrumentation in the mandibular
      canal during root canal treatment.

PMID- 6590770
TI  - Positioning device for endodontic working radiographs.

PMID- 6590771
TI  - Micropuncture measurements of interstitial fluid pressure in normal and inflamed
      dental pulp in cats.

PMID- 6590772
TI  - Necrosis of the crestal bone caused by the use of Toxavit.

PMID- 6590773
TI  - The effect of instrumentation on root canal length as measured with an electronic
      device.

PMID- 6590774
TI  - A new technique of selective anesthesia for diagnosing acute pulpitis in the
      mandible.

PMID- 6590775
TI  - Effect of sterilization and irrigants on the cutting ability of stainless steel
      files.

PMID- 6590776
TI  - New principle and method for measuring the root canal length.

PMID- 6590777
TI  - [Prevalence of HBV serological markers in parturients in Taipei area].

PMID- 6590778
TI  - Exercise performance in male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

PMID- 6590779
TI  - [Studies on human body response to noise. Part I. An experimental study on young
      adults with normal hearing].

PMID- 6590780
TI  - Highly selective vagotomy in the treatment of perforated duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 6590781
TI  - [Adult-onset Still's disease complicated with bone marrow anomalies and herpes
      zoster].

PMID- 6590782
TI  - A family with fragile-X syndrome.
AB  - A family with fragile-X syndrome is reported. One sibling has atypical pervasive
      developmental disorder and moderate mental retardation. A second sibling has
      Tourette's syndrome, moderate mental retardation, seizure disorder, and autism. A
      third sibling has attention deficit disorder, moderate mental retardation, and
      developmental language disorder, expressive type. The authors believe that this
      family represents a classic example of the differential outcome of interactions
      of common biogenetic and environmental influences. We propose that in this family
      the multipotential outcome is at least influenced by if not caused by a common
      genetic defect.

PMID- 6590784
TI  - Mild short stature, microcephaly, ptosis-blepharophimosis, facial asymmetry, and
      radioulnar synostosis.

PMID- 6590783
TI  - Developmental delay, growth deficiency, congenital heart defect, and multiple
      craniofacial anomalies.

PMID- 6590785
TI  - Developmental delay, cupid's bow of the upper lip, short great toes, and skull
      abnormalities.

PMID- 6590786
TI  - Dermoid cysts, hypothyroidism, cleft palate, and hypodontia.

PMID- 6590787
TI  - Short broad thumbs and mental retardation in two brothers without facial
      dysmorphia.

PMID- 6590788
TI  - A new approach to wage determination.

PMID- 6590789
TI  - Networking. The private practitioner's key to quality and marketing.

PMID- 6590790
TI  - Creative use of life insurance today. II. Life insurance and estate planning.

PMID- 6590791
TI  - Tax shelters.

PMID- 6590792
TI  - Beyond the diagnosis and treatment of dental disease. The discovery and
      management of dental illness.

PMID- 6590793
TI  - The people business in periodontics.

PMID- 6590794
TI  - Financing a dental practice.

PMID- 6590795
TI  - Temporomandibular joint syndrome with emphasis on internal joint derangement.

PMID- 6590796
TI  - Radiographic diagnosis and surgical management of internal derangements of the
      temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6590797
TI  - A look at periodontal therapy.

PMID- 6590798
TI  - Temporomandibular joint craniomandibular disorders. An overview.

PMID- 6590799
TI  - A simple rapid test to evaluate presumptive periodontal disease activity and
      treatment effectiveness.

PMID- 6590800
TI  - An anterior surgical approach to the upper thoracic vertebrae.
AB  - Of the various anterior surgical approaches to the spine, exposure of the upper
      two thoracic vertebrae remains the most challenging. An operative approach to
      this region is described. The major features include resection of a portion of
      the clavicle and the manubrium sterni. Following resection of the tumor and
      involved vertebra, anterior fusion is performed using the clavicle as a strut
      graft. Immediate stabilization may also be achieved with methyl methacrylate
      replacement of the vertebral bodies. The operation is well tolerated, and
      requires minimal postoperative immobilization. The clinical presentation,
      radiological features, and results of treatment in a series of seven patients
      operated on during a 2-year period are presented.

PMID- 6590801
TI  - Brain sarcoma of meningeal origin after cranial irradiation in childhood acute
      lymphocytic leukemia. Case report.
AB  - The authors report their experience with an unusual case of intracerebral sarcoma
      of meningeal cell origin in an 8 1/2-year-old girl. This tumor occurred 6 1/2
      years after cranial irradiation at relatively low dosage (2200 rads) had been
      delivered to the head in the course of a multimodality treatment for acute
      lymphocytic leukemia. The tumor recurred approximately 10 months after the first
      surgical intervention. Macroscopic total excision of the recurrent growth
      followed by whole-brain irradiation (4500 rads) failed to eradicate it completely
      and local recurrence prompted reoperation 18 months later. This complication of
      treatment in long-term childhood leukemia survivors is briefly discussed, as well
      as the pathology of meningeal sarcomas.

PMID- 6590802
TI  - Effects of dietary fats and phytosterol on serum fatty acid composition and
      lipoprotein cholesterol in rats.
AB  - The effects of dietary fats and phytosterol on the fatty acid composition and
      lipoprotein cholesterol in serum were studied in female rats, with the following
      results. (1) The addition of 1% cholesterol to the 20% butter diet decreased the
      ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to saturated fatty acid (SFA) in
      serum. This phenomenon was negated when there was an intake of cod liver oil and
      wheat germ oil. (2) When cholesterol was added to the 20% butter diet, the serum
      total cholesterol increased 3.7-fold, due to an increase in the lower density
      lipoprotein (LDL + VLDL). (3) The addition of 5% phytosterol to the 10% butter
      cholesterol diet reduced the total cholesterol level and increased the ratio of
      cholesterol in high density lipoprotein (HDL) to the cholesterol in LDL + VLDL.
      Although a 10% cod liver oil addition also reduced the total cholesterol level,
      the ratio of HDL/LDL + VLDL was similar to that of the 10% butter-cholesterol
      diet. (4) A direct relationship was found between the concentration of oleic acid
      (18:1) in serum and the total cholesterol level (r = 0.947) and also the level of
      LDL + VLDL-cholesterol (r = 0.935). These results show that cod liver oil, wheat
      germ oil, and phytosterol induce an increase in the PUFA/SFA ratio, promote
      hypocholesterolemia, and change lipoprotein concentration. However, there were
      indications that no relationship exists between the change in the total
      cholesterol level and the change in the ratio of HDL/LDL + VLDL, and that the
      increase of total cholesterol and LDL + VLDL-cholesterol was consistent with the
      increase of oleic acid in serum.

PMID- 6590803
TI  - The application of social systems intervention in the medical hospital system.

PMID- 6590804
TI  - Flexible work schedules: an effective tool for recruitment and retention.

PMID- 6590805
TI  - Protecting the public and the practitioner.

PMID- 6590806
TI  - Clinical and anatomic observations on the relationship of the lingual nerve to
      the mandibular third molar region.
AB  - The position of the lingual nerve in the mandibular third molar region was
      measured and photographed in 34 cadaver dissections and 256 cases of third molar
      extraction. In 17.6% of the dissections the lingual nerve was found at the level
      of the alveolar crest or higher. Horizontally the nerve contacted the lingual
      plate of the third molar in 62% of the specimens. Of 256 patients, the nerve was
      visualized above the height of the lingual plate of the lower third molar in 12
      (4.6%). These results document the vulnerability of the lingual nerve as it
      passes medially to the mandibular third molar.

PMID- 6590808
TI  - Preoperative nutritional supplementation for the orthognathic surgery patient.
AB  - Orthognathic surgery patients were studied to determine the nutritional adequacy
      of a high-calorie liquid supplement. The supplements were given for one month
      before surgery in an attempt to achieve a 5% weight gain and/or for six weeks
      after surgery to approximate 50% of the estimated caloric requirements of the
      patients. It was concluded that preoperative supplementation to achieve weight
      gain before surgery is of no apparent value. However, balanced nutrient intake
      can be achieved for patients when supplementation is given postoperatively at a
      level of 50% of estimated caloric requirements, and can result in improved
      nitrogen retention and protein sparing.

PMID- 6590807
TI  - Disinfection procedures and infection control in the outpatient oral surgery
      practice.
AB  - The infection control and disinfection procedures employed by 434 oral surgeons
      were surveyed. Gloving practices varied substantially, with 55% of respondents
      wearing gloves during less than or equal to 10% of patient contacts and only 24%
      wearing gloves routinely. Gloving practices correlated strongly with having been
      taught in dental school or during residency training to wear gloves. While 100%
      of participants had received instruction in the use of intravenous fluids in
      dental school or residency training, usage patterns differed substantially from
      those currently recommended in hospitals and in outpatient, nondental surgical
      settings. Of the respondents who used intravenous fluids in an office setting,
      68% used a single bag or bottle for more than one patient. The median number of
      patients receiving intravenous fluid from a single bag or bottle was 12, and the
      median duration of use of a single unit was three days. It was noted that
      infection control and disinfection procedures varied significantly by type of
      practice (private vs. other nonmilitary vs. military practices).

PMID- 6590810
TI  - The diagnosis and management of pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 6590809
TI  - Condylar position following mandibular advancement: its relationship to relapse.
AB  - Forty-one patients who elected to receive a bilateral sagittal osteotomy to
      advance the mandible were examined clinically and radiographically to assess
      condylar position preoperatively and at three specific times postoperatively.
      Parameters designed to measure changes in condylar and distal fragment position
      were located on tracings and digitized for statistical analysis. Changes in
      distal fragment position included advancement and clockwise rotation during the
      surgical interval and significant posterior relapse with continued clockwise
      rotation during the period of maxillomandibular fixation. A small amount of
      counterclockwise rotation associated with interocclusal splint removal was seen
      following fixation release. No significant condylar movement was seen during the
      surgical interval. During the period of maxillomandibular fixation, both condyles
      exhibited a significant superior movement, and the left condyle also moved
      posteriorly. No changes in condylar position were noted following release of
      fixation. The clinical significance of these condylar movements is not clear.
      Despite minimal changes, 18 patients, six of whom had had no preoperative
      symptoms and one of whom had exhibited reciprocal clicking, complained of
      temporomandibular joint pain or noise postoperatively. This suggests that
      maintenance of condylar position during surgery may not prevent temporomandibular
      joint dysfunction. In addition, the observed 37% relapse in surgical advancement
      in the absence of significant condylar distraction implies the interaction of
      other factors in the relapse process.

PMID- 6590811
TI  - Long-term follow up of transoral rib grafts for mandibular atrophy.
AB  - Nineteen patients who had autologous rib grafts for mandibular augmentation were
      monitored for six to 13 years to evaluate the rate of resorption as a function of
      time. Data were collected from panoramic radiographs that were corrected for
      distortion. The findings indicated that rapid resorption occurs during the first
      two years after grafting and decreases markedly thereafter. Although some
      prolonged benefits resulted from the procedure, it was concluded that it is not
      an ideal solution to the problem of ridge augmentation.

PMID- 6590812
TI  - Isolated fracture of the first rib associated with facial trauma.
AB  - Isolated fractures of the first rib are rare and often, though not always,
      indicative of severe trauma. The causes of first rib fracture are various, as are
      the sometimes serious complications of such a fracture. Since the oral and
      maxillofacial surgeon is involved many times in the primary care of the trauma
      patient, he must consider the possibility of first rib fracture and be alerted to
      the possible sequelae.

PMID- 6590813
TI  - Gigantic parotid retention cyst.

PMID- 6590815
TI  - Hygiene perspectives on quality assurance.

PMID- 6590814
TI  - External fixation of the unstable zygomatic arch fracture.
AB  - Fixation of unstable zygomatic arch fractures may be accomplished with a
      relatively noninvasive approach using 24-gauge wire and modification of a readily
      available material, the orthopedic finger splint.

PMID- 6590816
TI  - Principles in the diagnosis of bony tumors.

PMID- 6590817
TI  - [Correlations between jaw-opening muscle activity and craniofacial morphology].

PMID- 6590818
TI  - [The role of trigeminal sensory information in chewing movements].

PMID- 6590819
TI  - [Physiological interaction between the levator veli palatini and the intrinsic
      laryngeal muscles: an electromyographic study in the dog].

PMID- 6590820
TI  - [The curing time of an anaerobic marginal sealant for amalgam restorations].

PMID- 6590821
TI  - [Marginal adaptability of posterior composite resins under repeated compressive
      loads].

PMID- 6590822
TI  - [Isolation and characterization of cultured cells derived from irradiated human
      salivary glands].

PMID- 6590823
TI  - [Chemotherapeutic responses of a primary tumor and its pulmonary metastases in
      murine tumor systems in relation to its proliferative properties].

PMID- 6590824
TI  - [Immunological studies on spontaneous colon carcinoma of Wistar-Furth rats:
      demonstration of tumor antigens and syngeneic anti-tumor antibodies].

PMID- 6590825
TI  - Lipoid pneumonia in an adolescent girl secondary to use of lip gloss.

PMID- 6590826
TI  - Acute myelogenous leukemia and malignant hyperthermia in a patient with type 1b
      glycogen storage disease.

PMID- 6590827
TI  - QT interval prolongation associated with anthracycline cardiotoxicity.

PMID- 6590829
TI  - The panoramic radiograph.

PMID- 6590828
TI  - Frequency of bone marrow aspirates in leukemia.

PMID- 6590830
TI  - Mandibular prognathism. Chin cup orthopedic therapy: a review and clinical
      report.

PMID- 6590831
TI  - Lateral dermoid cyst of the floor of the mouth.

PMID- 6590832
TI  - Nasolabial cyst.

PMID- 6590833
TI  - Dental anaesthesia.

PMID- 6590834
TI  - Interference by prostaglandin E2 with the phosphaturic effects of nonhormonal
      agents.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability of prostaglandin
      (PG) E2 to alter phosphate excretory patterns induced by the nonhormonally
      mediated phosphaturic maneuvers, bicarbonate loading (BIC), volume expansion (VE)
      and acetazolamide administration (Az). Acute clearance studies were performed in
      chronically thyroparathyroid-ectomized dogs. The dosage of PGE2 utilized was free
      of excretory or hemodynamic effects. After BIC, percentage of phosphate excretion
      (%EP) increased from 4.8 to 14.0%, (P less than .05). In contrast, BIC preceded
      by PGE2 infusion produced no phosphaturia. Additionally, PGE2 blunted the
      increases in Na and HCO3 excretion associated with BIC. VE (5-6% b.wt.) increased
      %EP from 6.0 to 14.2%, (P less than .01). However, VE after PGE2 treatment did
      not result in a phosphaturia. Az increased %EP from 4.7 to 28.5%, (P less than
      .02). When PGE2 was infused before Az, %EP rose from 1.9 to 7.1%, (P less than
      .02) in response to Az. However, the increment in %EP over base line was reduced
      from 23.8 to 3.6% by PGE2 pretreatment (P less than .005). PGE2 did not alter the
      effects of VE or Az on sodium or bicarbonate excretion. Thus, PGE2 blunts or
      abolishes the phosphaturic effect of each of these maneuvers independent of its
      action on sodium or bicarbonate transport. We conclude that PGs have a specific
      action on phosphate transport events induced by certain nonhormonal factors,
      revealing a hitherto unappreciated role for these agents in modulating tubular
      reabsorptive processes.

PMID- 6590836
TI  - Influence of oral fluid on composite resin and glass-ionomer cement.

PMID- 6590835
TI  - Tissue distribution of poly(hexyl 2-cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with
      monoclonal antibodies in mice bearing human tumor xenografts.
AB  - The tissue distribution of naked and either normal immunoglobulin G or monoclonal
      antibody (antitumor osteogenic sarcoma)-coated poly(hexyl-2-cyanoacrylate)
      nanoparticles was studied in mice bearing human tumor xenografts to evaluate the
      applicability of the systems for tumor targeting. All systems were shown to
      deposit mainly in the liver and spleen and no significant uptake was found in the
      tumors for either the naked or antibody-coated nanoparticles.

PMID- 6590837
TI  - Comparative stress effects of vented and nonvented self-threading retentive pins.
AB  - Longitudinally vented self-threading pins do not demonstrate a significant
      improvement in the complete seating of the pins or a decrease of dentinal
      crazing. The link series technique does demonstrate a significant improvement in
      the complete seating of pins and in the prevention of misalignment of the pins
      with the channels.

PMID- 6590838
TI  - Some properties of high-copper amalgam alloys comparing hand and mechanical
      trituration.

PMID- 6590839
TI  - Antibacterial properties of one conventional and three high-copper dental
      amalgams.

PMID- 6590840
TI  - Fracture of ceramic and metalloceramic cylinders.

PMID- 6590841
TI  - Implant placement in the atrophic mandible: an anatomic study.

PMID- 6590842
TI  - Per, peri, or trans? A concept for improved dental implant terminology.

PMID- 6590843
TI  - Consistency of performance of a new craniostat for oblique lateral transcranial
      radiographs of the temporomandibular joint.
AB  - A new craniostat for use with OLTP radiography of the TMJ is described. In a
      clinical study of 20 patients the craniostat demonstrated a satisfactory
      consistency of radiographic reproduction.

PMID- 6590844
TI  - Evaluation of mandibular movement recording and programming procedures for a
      molded condylar control articulator system.

PMID- 6590845
TI  - Wettability of selected denture base materials.

PMID- 6590846
TI  - Enhanced tissue response to denture base polymers in formaldehyde-sensitized
      guinea pigs.

PMID- 6590847
TI  - Stabilizing the pantograph from patient to articulator.

PMID- 6590848
TI  - The end-tuft toothbrush for the partially edentulous patient.

PMID- 6590849
TI  - Alleviation of myofascial pain with ultrasonic therapy.

PMID- 6590850
TI  - Prostaglandin production by the early pregnant guinea-pig uterus in relation to
      implantation and luteal maintenance, and the effect of oestradiol.
AB  - The outputs of prostaglandin (PG) F-2 alpha and PGE-2, but not of 6-oxo-PGF-1
      alpha, from the guinea-pig uterus were significantly lower on Days 7 and 15 of
      pregnancy than on the corresponding days of the cycle. Uterine PGF-2 alpha output
      increased 28-fold between Days 7 and 15 of the cycle but only 4- to 5-fold
      between these same days of pregnancy. Uterine PGE-2 and 6-oxo-PGF-1 alpha outputs
      increased 2- to 3-fold between Days 7 and 15 of the cycle and of pregnancy.
      Endometrial PGF-2 alpha synthesizing capacity was 60-70% lower on Days 7 and 15
      of pregnancy than on the corresponding days of the cycle, although it increased 2
      fold and 2.5-fold between these days of pregnancy and of the cycle, respectively.
      Endometrial PGE-2 and 6-oxo-PGF-1 alpha synthesizing capacities showed no
      significant variation amongst Days 7 and 15 of the cycle and of pregnancy, except
      that endometrial PGE-2 synthesizing capacity was lower on Day 7 of the cycle.
      Oestradiol treatment (10 micrograms s.c. daily from Days 10 to 14 of pregnancy)
      did not affect plasma progesterone concentrations, uterine 6-oxo-PGF-1 alpha
      output, and endometrial PGF-2 alpha, PGE-2 and 6-oxo-PGF-1 alpha synthesizing
      capacities in 9/12 guinea-pigs when examined on Day 15. Uterine PGF-2 alpha and
      PGE-2 outputs increased 3- and 1.5-fold, respectively, in these guinea-pigs, but
      were still much lower than the outputs from the Day-15 non-pregnant uterus. The
      pregnancies appeared unaffected in these oestradiol-treated guinea-pigs. In the
      other 3 oestradiol-treated animals, uterine PGF-2 alpha output was 20- to 30-fold
      higher than in untreated, pregnant guinea-pigs on Day 15, and 2- to 3-fold higher
      than in Day-15 non-pregnant guinea-pigs. Uterine PGE-2 and 6-oxo-PGF-1 alpha
      outputs also tended to be higher in these treated guinea-pigs. In these 3 guinea
      pigs, endometrial PGF-2 alpha, PGE-2 and 6-oxo-PGF-1 alpha synthesizing
      capacities were 4.0-, 3.4- and 2.5-fold higher, respectively, than in untreated,
      pregnant guinea-pigs on Day 15, and tended to be higher than in Day-15 non
      pregnant guinea-pigs. Plasma progesterone concentrations were much lower in these
      3 animals than in the other 9 treated with oestradiol, and also much lower than
      in untreated, pregnant guinea-pigs on Day 15.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6590851
TI  - Surgical separation of the uterus and ovaries with simultaneous cannulation of
      the uterine vein extends luteal function in sheep.
AB  - The insertion of a glass cannula into the uterine branch of the utero-ovarian
      vein, followed by disconnection of all other tissues between the uterus and the
      ovary containing the luteal tissue in non-pregnant sheep, was followed by a
      prolongation of luteal function. A pathway involving uterine venous blood alone
      is therefore insufficient to explain the transfer of PGF-2 alpha from the uterus
      to the ipsilateral ovary. We suggest that lymph is also involved.

PMID- 6590852
TI  - Evaluation of resuscitators.

PMID- 6590853
TI  - Functional repositioning of the mandible essential to the correction of ill
      fitting dentures.

PMID- 6590855
TI  - Advances in temporomandibular joint diagnosis.

PMID- 6590854
TI  - An appraisal of current concepts of treatment for TMJ/muscle dysfunction.

PMID- 6590856
TI  - Delayed dental eruption: a case report.

PMID- 6590857
TI  - Physicians in the mouse trap.

PMID- 6590858
TI  - Selection of a medical office computer system.

PMID- 6590859
TI  - The psychological impact of cancer on patient and family.

PMID- 6590860
TI  - Case report: extra-anatomic bypasses in aortoenteric fistulas.

PMID- 6590861
TI  - Case report: familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia--a variant.

PMID- 6590862
TI  - Imaging: an approach to the diagnosis of cholecystitis.

PMID- 6590863
TI  - Current nutrition: diet and nutrition in chronic renal failure.

PMID- 6590865
TI  - Salaried physicians (pathologists) and due process hearings.

PMID- 6590864
TI  - Opinion: overcoming psychic numbing.

PMID- 6590866
TI  - Out-of-hospital births: a survey of parents.

PMID- 6590867
TI  - Alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 6590868
TI  - Tracheoesophageal fistula and arteriosclerotic aortic aneurysm.

PMID- 6590869
TI  - Guided blind endotracheal intubation.

PMID- 6590870
TI  - JEMPAC update.

PMID- 6590871
TI  - Essentials and guidelines for accreditation of sponsors of continuing medical
      education.

PMID- 6590872
TI  - Clinical camera. Title slides: Part 2--Vericolor.

PMID- 6590873
TI  - Treatment of severe localised chronic periodontitis.

PMID- 6590874
TI  - Toothbrush use in Dunedin.

PMID- 6590876
TI  - Management of avulsed permanent teeth.

PMID- 6590875
TI  - Secondary renal osteogenic sarcoma 14 years after primary therapy.
AB  - We excised a left renal osteogenic sarcoma 14 years after curative therapy for a
      primary tumor of the left ulna and 2 years after resecting a solitary pulmonary
      metastasis. This large renal neoplasm was recognized because it concentrated
      abnormally large amounts of technetium during a radionuclide bone scan.

PMID- 6590877
TI  - [High frequency jet insufflation for bronchoscopy. A bronchoscope with 2 jet
      injectors].

PMID- 6590878
TI  - [Screening test of antitumor agents by human tumor cell lines in nude mice in
      ascitic form].
AB  - Two kinds of, serially transplantable human tumor cell lines were established in
      nude mice in ascitic form. One is breast cancer cell line, poorly differentiated
      adenocarcinoma, Hattori strain, and the other is acute lymphocytic leukemia cell
      line, T-cell type, Ichikawa strain. There exists a distinct correlation between
      the survival time of nude mice and the number of tumor cells transplanted.
      Clinically established antitumor agents which showed over 200% increase in life
      span were MMC, ADM and 5FU in Hattori strain, and VCR, VLB, VDS, ADM and BH-AC in
      Ichikawa strain. These results were considered to be consistent with the clinical
      effect of these drugs in breast cancer or in acute lymphocytic leukemia. Both
      strains can serve as the reliable screening system of antitumor agents.

PMID- 6590880
TI  - [Serum lactate dehydrogenase levels in adult acute leukemia patients].

PMID- 6590879
TI  - [Treatment of adult acute promyelocytic leukemia during the period of 1974-1982].

PMID- 6590881
TI  - [A case of long-term survivor (31 months) after blast crisis in CML].

PMID- 6590882
TI  - [Cardiac tamponade in the blastic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia].

PMID- 6590883
TI  - [A case of acute myeloblastic leukemia with lactic acidosis].

PMID- 6590884
TI  - [Differentiation induction of leukemic cells in acute myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 6590885
TI  - [A case of acute myelogenous leukemia associated with acute febrile neutrophilic
      dermatosis].

PMID- 6590886
TI  - [A case of chronic myelogenous leukemia with axillary lymphadenopathy presenting
      blastic transformation at the time of diagnosis].

PMID- 6590887
TI  - [Chronic myelogenous leukemia. Acute transformation].

PMID- 6590888
TI  - [A case of erythroblastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia with prominent
      lymphadenopathy].

PMID- 6590889
TI  - [Plasma cell leukemia resistant to chemotherapy, with special reference to
      cytogenetic markers, 14q+ and double minute chromosomes].

PMID- 6590890
TI  - [A case of acute myeloblastic leukemia with Auer's bodies in mature neutrophils].

PMID- 6590891
TI  - [A case of chronic granulocytic leukemia with neutropenia and t(8 q-; 22q+) at
      onset].

PMID- 6590892
TI  - [NK cell activity in childhood leukemia].

PMID- 6590893
TI  - [Studies on cases of acute and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in Japan].

PMID- 6590894
TI  - [Treatment of refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia in childhood with BH-AC, ACM,
      6-MP, and prednisolone].

PMID- 6590895
TI  - [The clinical course of 59 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)
      classified by FAB criteria].

PMID- 6590897
TI  - [A case of acute promyelocytic leukemia associated with diabetes insipidus and
      chromosomal abnormality, t(8;17) (p22;q21)].

PMID- 6590896
TI  - [A presumed transient hemolytic reaction following vinca alkaloids administration
      in patients with hematological malignancies].

PMID- 6590898
TI  - [A case of acute myelogenous leukemia with abnormalities in the development of
      granules].

PMID- 6590899
TI  - [A case of essential thrombocythemia terminated in acute myeloblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6590900
TI  - [A case of refractory acute myeloblastic leukemia who achieved partial remission
      by high dose cytosine arabinoside].

PMID- 6590901
TI  - [Thermochemotherapy for malignant melanoma--combined therapy of anti-tumor agents
      and hyperthermia in mice].

PMID- 6590902
TI  - [Monoclonal antibody-defined tumor marker CA19-9: evaluation of its clinical
      usefulness, using the radioimmunometric assay for CA19-9].

PMID- 6590903
TI  - [Measurement of CA 19-9 in patients with benign liver cyst].

PMID- 6590904
TI  - [Estimation of drug effects and prediction of clinical states of acute leukemia].

PMID- 6590905
TI  - [The fifth report on the survey of adverse reactions to radiopharmaceuticals (the
      8th survey in 1982)].

PMID- 6590906
TI  - Cytoprotective effect of SU-88, an anti-ulcer agent, in the rat.
AB  - The gastric cytoprotective action of SU-88, an anti-ulcer agent, was studied in
      rats. SU-88 dose-dependently prevented the formation of gastric lesions induced
      by absolute ethanol as observed by PGE2. The efficacy of SU-88 when given i.p.
      was more potent than the p.o. administration. Indomethacin (5mg/kg, p.o.) given
      30 min prior to SU-88 dosing blocked this protective effect, whereas it was not
      affected when indomethacin was given 30 min after the SU-88 dosing. Cimetidine,
      on the other hand, failed to exert a protective effect against the ethanol
      induced lesions and caused a significant increase in the lesions induced by 0.6N
      HCI. Pretreatment with SU-88 prior to cimetidine resulted in a marked reduction
      in the lesions. SU-88 was found to increase the synthesis of gastric
      glycoproteins and to prevent the reduction of glycoprotein synthesis caused by
      the administration of absolute ethanol. However, no increase in the synthesis was
      observed 5 min after the SU-88 dosing, although the lesion was significantly
      suppressed at that time. These findings indicate that SU-88 possesses a
      cytoprotective effect and that this effect seems to be mediated by the increase
      in endogenous PG.

PMID- 6590907
TI  - Cloning efficiency of cultured human tumor cell lines measured with the use of a
      Coulter particle counter.
AB  - A technique is described by which colony formation in agarose may be rapidly and
      reproducibly determined with the use of a modified Coulter particle counter
      (CPC). The cloning efficiency of RD human rhabdomyosarcoma cells after exposure
      to vincristine sulfate or cisplatin has been compared with the CPC method or by
      conventional visual counting. These techniques give very similar results. In
      combination with a Coulter Channelyzer, the CPC technique can be used to evaluate
      drug effects in colony sizes from a median of 20 to greater than 290 cells. The
      integrity of colonies formed by 3 colon carcinoma cell lines was examined to
      determine if this method could be applied to other systems.

PMID- 6590908
TI  - Ecologic correlates of cancer mortality patterns in an industrialized urban
      population.
AB  - Cancer mortality data for the period 1968-80 were analyzed to examine whether the
      high cancer burden for the city of Philadelphia was "evenly" distributed
      spatially and, if not, whether this distribution could be associated with
      socioeconomic variables and air pollution. Areas with significantly higher-than
      expected rates tended to cluster; lung cancer and non-lung cancers showed
      distinctive cluster patterns, which were evident only for males; female rates for
      any cancer or groups of cancers were almost uniformly distributed over the
      neighborhoods. Both the high lung cancer and the high non-lung cancer clusters
      were characterized by low socioeconomic status, but only the high lung cancer
      clusters exhibited high levels of air pollution. These neighborhood
      characteristics suggested that socioeconomic variables explain non-lung cancer
      mortality patterns; socioeconomic variables, together with air pollution, could
      be responsible for the observed lung cancer patterns. The uniform distribution of
      female lung cancer rates suggested that air pollution by itself cannot be a
      prominent factor in lung cancer mortality.

PMID- 6590909
TI  - Incidence of thyroid cancer in women in relation to previous exposure to
      radiation therapy and history of thyroid disease.
AB  - Female residents of 13 counties of Western Washington, in whom papillary,
      follicular, or mixed papillary-follicular thyroid carcinomas had been diagnosed
      between 1974 and 1979 were interviewed regarding their medical and reproductive
      histories and past exposure to radiation treatments. For comparison, a random
      sample of women from the same population was interviewed. Women who had received
      radiation treatments to the head or neck prior to 5 years before interview were
      16.5 times (95% confidence interval = 8.1-33.5) more likely than unexposed women
      to develop cancer. The relative risk (RR) was highest for papillary cancer (19.4)
      but also was elevated substantially for follicular and mixed papillary-follicular
      tumors. Women first irradiated at age 19 years or younger had a much higher RR
      than did women irradiated at age 20 or older. Regardless of prior radiation
      exposure, women who ever had had a goiter were at increased risk of developing
      thyroid cancer. Women who had ever developed a goiter had 17 times the risk of
      developing follicular cancer and almost 7 times the risk of developing papillary
      cancer as compared with women who never had had a goiter. Risk of thyroid cancer
      was elevated even among women who had had a history of goiter many years prior to
      diagnosis. A history of thyroid nodules was also a risk factor for papillary and
      mixed thyroid cancer. Neither a history of hypothyroidism nor hyperthyroidism was
      found to increase the risk of thyroid cancer.

PMID- 6590910
TI  - Spontaneous in vitro transformation of human fibroblasts.
AB  - The establishment of a spontaneously transformed tumorigenic human fibroblast
      line, VIP-F:T, is described. This line was developed from a primary culture of
      normal skin from a donor from whom a separate nontransformed fibroblast line, Pen
      F2, also was established. The transformed line VIP-F:T exhibited aneuploid
      karyotype with a marker chromosome, showed anchorage-independent growth, and
      produced progressively growing tumors with morphologic characteristics of sarcoma
      in CD-1 (nu/nu) nude mice. The normal fibroblast line Pen-F2 exhibited diploid
      karyotype, showed no anchorage-independent growth, and produced no tumors in the
      nude mice. The spontaneously transformed fibroblast line VIP-F:T and its normal
      counterpart Pen-F2 will be valuable in studies of oncogene expression and in
      other investigations relevant to neoplasia.

PMID- 6590911
TI  - Effects of butyrate, retinol, and retinoic acid on human Y-79 retinoblastoma
      cells growing in monolayer cultures.
AB  - The effects of butyrate, retinol, and retinoic acid were tested on growth and
      differentiation of human Y-79 retinoblastoma cells in monolayer cultures.
      Treatment with 4 mM butyrate resulted in marked growth inhibition of cells, due
      mostly to increased death rate. The effect was greater in serum-supported
      cultures in which the proliferation rate was high and the effect was less in the
      serum-free, defined medium in which the cells were differentiated and the growth
      rate was slow, suggesting a cell-cycle-specific action of this substance.
      Moreover, butyrate induced morphologic changes in the viable cells; these changes
      consisted of an elongated appearance of the cells and of retraction of long
      processes formed in the serum-free-supported cultures. Retinol at 20 microM also
      affected the cell viability both in serum-containing and in serum-free culture
      medium. Retinoic acid at 50 microM induced reversible growth inhibition of cells
      growing in serum-containing medium and cell death in the defined medium-supported
      cultures. Combination of 0.5 mM butyrate with 50 microM retinoic acid resulted in
      an enhanced inhibition of growth in an apparently synergistic fashion. These
      results demonstrated that butyrate, retinol, and retinoic acid suppressed Y-79
      cell growth in vitro and could be useful in future studies of these compounds in
      retinoblastoma tumors in vivo.

PMID- 6590912
TI  - Age at first birth and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer.
AB  - The relationships between age at first birth, parity, and the risk of ovarian
      cancer were evaluated in a case-control study of 272 women with histologically
      confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer and 544 age-matched controls with a spectrum
      of acute conditions unrelated to any of the established or potential risk factors
      for ovarian cancer. Late age at first birth was associated with increased risk:
      Compared to women who first had a child before the age of 22 years, the relative
      risks (RR) for those who first gave birth at ages 22-24, 25-27, and 28 or more
      were 2.7, 3.2, and 4.0, respectively. Nulliparous women showed increased RR (3.9)
      comparable to the RR among women who first bore a child at age 25 or more,
      regardless of the number of births. The elevated risk associated with later age
      at first birth was not accounted for by low parity. The risk of ovarian cancer,
      as expected, increased with decreasing parity: RR estimates for women having 5 or
      more, 3 or 4, and 1 or 2 children and for nulliparae were 1.0, 1.7, 1.9, and 2.6,
      respectively. However, the inverse association between parity and ovarian cancer
      could be accounted for largely by the importance of age at first birth, because
      when adjustment was made for that variable, the RR for 3 or 4 and 1 or 2 children
      decreased to 1.3 and 1.2, respectively. Thus the results of the present study
      show a strong independent effect of age at first birth on the risk of epithelial
      ovarian cancer, whereas the association with parity can be explained largely or
      totally in terms of a high correlation between total parity and age at first
      birth. The pattern of ovarian cancer risk that emerges from this study,
      therefore, is similar to the epidemiology of breast cancer. General evidence on
      this issue from various other studies, however, is rather controversial, and
      similar analysis of other data-sets would be useful.

PMID- 6590913
TI  - Risk factors for endometrial cancer at different ages.
AB  - The importance of the major risk factors for endometrial cancer in women of
      different ages was evaluated with the use of data from a hospital-based case
      control study conducted in Milan, Italy, on 283 women with endometrial cancer and
      566 age-matched controls. Current weight was related strongly to the risk of
      endometrial cancer both in younger (premenopausal) and in older women (with risk
      estimates for the heaviest categories of 20.3 and 7.7, respectively), thus
      confirming that obesity is the major cause of endometrial cancer in Northern
      Italy. Endometrial cancer risk appeared to be approximately proportional to the
      second power of body mass index. Early menarche and nulliparity were associated
      with an increased risk of endometrial cancer in premenopausal women, the point
      estimate for nulliparity rising to 35.1 (with lower confidence limit of 10.2)
      after adjustment for marital status. However, no association with these factors
      was evident in postmenopausal women. Combination oral contraceptives were used by
      2 cases and 19 controls only [relative risk (RR) = 0.2, with 95% confidence
      interval = 0.1-0.8]. The use of noncontraceptive estrogens was associated with an
      elevated risk, which was greater in perimenopausal women (RR = 5.1 for greater
      than 2 yr of use), and decreased progressively with increasing time after
      menopause. Late menopause was also related to endometrial cancer. However, the
      risk estimates for late menopause apparently were more elevated in older women
      (greater than or equal to 65 yr) than in perimenopausal women. Most of the risk
      factors identified (excluding late menopause) apparently act on one of the later
      stages of the process of carcinogenesis, because the excess risk drops after
      cessation of exposure.

PMID- 6590914
TI  - Hyperbaric pressure effects measured by growth of a transplantable tumor in the
      C3H/HeN mouse.
AB  - Both hypobaric exposure at 0.5 atmospheres absolute (ATA) and hyperbaric pressure
      exposure at 3.5-8 ATA slowed transplantable tumor growth. These experiments
      detailed the hyperbaric pressure exposure. C3H/HeN-MTV+ mice, bearing the 16/C
      transplantable murine mammary adenocarcinoma and exposed to 18 days' treatment by
      a hyperbaric chamber at 3.5-8 ATA, had tumor weights that averaged 50-75% less
      than the tumor weights in mice caged at ambient ("sea level") pressure. A series
      of experiments was run to investigate this response to hyperbaric pressure
      exposure. After mice underwent continuous exposure to 3.5-8 ATA normoxic (normal
      oxygen) hyperbaric pressure with use of either argon or nitrogen inert gas, which
      began 3 days after tumor inoculation, tumors were removed at about 3 weeks'
      growth from these pressure-exposed mice and measured for growth by weighing.
      Final tumor weight in pressure-exposed experimental mice was significantly less
      than tumor weight in paired groups of tumor-bearing controls that received no
      hyperbaric pressure. Tumor weight was inversely related to pressure "dose,"
      although the small pressure range produced an effect at all pressures used. The
      number of compression-decompression cycles to which the animals were subjected,
      however, was related positively to tumor weight at necropsy. Continued tumor
      growth in mice subjected to frequent pressure change (in conjunction with
      pressure exposure that otherwise limited tumor size) was unexplained by these
      experiments. The greatest difference between tumor weights in controls and
      pressure-exposed animals was seen with 2 weeks' continuous pressure exposure. A
      limited profile of blood tests was performed, and these reflected only minor,
      expected change in the pressure-exposed experimental animals. The data at hand
      did not suggest a mechanism by which chronic normoxic hyperbaric pressure limited
      tumor size.

PMID- 6590915
TI  - Stimulation of one particular subset of natural killer cells by peptidoglycans
      extracted from gram-positive bacteria.
AB  - Peritoneal nonspecific cytotoxicity was stimulated by ip injection into C57BL/6
      or (C57BL/6 X C3H/He)F1 mice of Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan (PGS), which
      possessed an antitumor effect, and of Micrococcus lysodeikticus peptidoglycan
      (PGM), which was ineffective against tumors. The natural killer (NK) cell
      populations elicited by both peptidoglycans had the same phenotype: Thy 1.2+,
      T200+, Ly 5.1+, Qa5+, and Ly 2.2-. In vivo treatment with sheep anti-mouse beta
      interferon serum abrogated this effect. The fluids from phorbol myristate acetate
      stimulated murine EL 4 thymoma cells enhanced this particular NK activity, and
      thus PGM-induced effector cells became able to kill solid tumor cells. In
      conclusion, both PGS and PGM elicited the same particular subset of NK cell
      populations, and the peptidoglycan structure can play an important role in the
      intensity of this response.

PMID- 6590916
TI  - Tumors arising from injection of cultured murine placental cells into normal
      animals: direct evidence for placental origin of tumors of two histologic types.
AB  - Long-term culture of placentas obtained from the mating of a congenic C3H male
      mouse carrying a unique electrophoretic variant of the X-chromosome-linked enzyme
      phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK-1) and a normal C3H female mouse has resulted in
      cell lines that have apparently undergone spontaneous malignant transformation in
      vitro. When injected into normal syngeneic animals, these cell lines have given
      rise to invasive carcinomas of two distinct histologic types, an adenocarcinoma
      and a poorly differentiated carcinoma. Both were demonstrated to be of placental
      origin by the continued presence of the allozyme coded on the paternal X
      chromosome. Compared to murine tumors of other etiologies, these cell lines were
      characterized by a high intracellular alkaline phosphatase concentration.

PMID- 6590917
TI  - Effects of specific active immunization on tumor recurrence following primary
      tumor resection in WF rats with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced bowel cancer.
AB  - Primary gastrointestinal tumors were induced in male WF rats by 16 weekly sc
      injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine [(DMH) CAS: 540-73-8; 20 mg/kg/wk]. Twenty
      four to 28 weeks after the start of DMH injections, all rats were surgically
      explored and gastrointestinal tumors were resected. Rats with no remaining
      microscopic disease after operation were immunized with one of four tumor
      isografts. The first isograft, DMH-W163, is a poorly differentiated mucinous
      adenocarcinoma explanted from a colon cancer in a DMH-treated animal. It has been
      shown to possess antigens that cross-react with other DMH-induced bowel
      adenocarcinoma isografts. The second isograft, DMH-W49, is a carcinosarcoma
      explanted from a DMH-treated primary colon cancer. It has intermediate antigenic
      cross-reactivity with other colon adenocarcinoma isografts in the WF model. The
      third isograft, DMH-W15, is a sarcoma explanted from a DMH-induced colon cancer
      that does not possess antigens cross-reactive with other DMH-induced colon
      adenocarcinomas. The fourth isograft, SPK, is a spontaneous (non-DMH-induced)
      renal cell carcinoma that is immunogenic but should not contain tissue-type
      specific antigens cross-reacting with the bowel cancers. Immunized rats received
      three sc weekly injections of 1 X 10(3) irradiated cells. Concomitant control
      rats received no immunization after resection of the primary tumor. Within 24
      weeks of primary tumor resection, 12 of 16 (75%) rats not immunized had tumor
      recurrence. Only 8 of 24 (34%) rats immunized with DMH-W163 had tumor recurrence
      (P less than .025 compared to controls). Fifty percent of animals (10/20)
      immunized with the carcinosarcoma DMH-W49 had a recurrence. Animals immunized
      with the non-cross-reacting DMH-W15 sarcoma isograft had a recurrence rate
      similar to that of controls (16/20, 75%). The rats immunized with SPK were not
      protected from recurrence. Twelve of 19 (63%) had a recurrence at or near the
      suture line within 24 weeks following primary tumor resection. These results
      confirm that adjuvant immunotherapy can decrease the rate of recurrence following
      primary tumor resection in this model. In addition, immunogens that possessed
      tissue-type-specific antigens were more effective in preventing tumor recurrence
      than those that did not.

PMID- 6590918
TI  - Induction of oral mucosal tumors in hamsters and rats treated with
      methyl(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamine.
AB  - An oral tumor model has been developed in inbred Syrian golden hamsters by
      continuous applications every 2 weeks of methyl(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamine [(DMN
      OAC) CAS: 56856-83-8; methylnitrosaminomethyl ester acetic acid] at 2 mg/kg body
      weight alone or by a single application of DMN-OAC followed by continuous twice
      weekly applications of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) (1
      microgram/animal). Similar studies were done in the W rat buccal mucosa. In the
      hamsters treated continuously with DMN-OAC, 100% of the tumors were observed in
      the cheek pouch; none were observed at other sites. In contrast, in the rats
      treated similarly, only a 67% tumor incidence was observed, of which only 42%
      were oral tumors. A promoter effect of TPA was observed in hamster cheek pouch
      tumors induced by DMN-OAC, whereas rat oral mucosa did not respond to TPA
      treatment.

PMID- 6590919
TI  - Reduced antineoplastic activity in mice of cisplatin administered with high salt
      concentration in the vehicle.
AB  - The effect of high NaCl concentration in the vehicle on the toxic and
      antineoplastic activities of cisplatin [cis-dichloro-diammineplatinum(II)] (CDDP)
      was reinvestigated in mice. The toxicity, as measured by the survival of mice
      given CDDP iv, was reduced by 50-60% when the NaCl concentration in the vehicle
      was raised from 0.9 to 4%. In ascitic P388 leukemia the antineoplastic activity
      of CDDP given ip was not reduced significantly. However, in all other systems
      studied the antitumor activity was reduced when the CDDP was dissolved in high
      NaCl solution. The tumor models studied included systemic P388 and L1210
      leukemias, Lewis lung carcinoma, and 5 human tumor xenografts. The human tumors
      were studied by the subrenal capsule assay. In the case of a malignant melanoma
      and a malignant fibrous histiocytoma, the effect also was demonstrated in the
      subcutaneous nude mouse model. In one of the malignant melanomas a 50% increase
      in the CDDP dose did not compensate for the reduced antitumor activity caused by
      the high NaCl concentration in the vehicle. These results, which stand in
      contrast to current views, question the experimental basis for the use of high
      NaCl vehicles in the "high-dose" CDDP regimens.

PMID- 6590921
TI  - [Liver changes in children with acute lymphatic leukemia].

PMID- 6590920
TI  - Comparative carcinogenicity of N-butyl-N-(3-carboxypropyl)-nitrosamine and N
      butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine for the urinary bladder of (C57BL/6 X
      DBA/2)F1 mice.
AB  - The carcinogenicity of N-butyl-N-(3-carboxypropyl)-nitrosamine [CAS: 38252-74-3;
      4-(N-butyl-N-nitrosamino)butyric acid] in male and female (C57BL/6 X DBA/2)F1
      mice was determined. N-Butyl-N-(3-carboxypropyl)nitrosamine given in the drinking
      water at a concentration of 3 mM (0.056%) for 13 weeks induced only carcinoma of
      the urinary bladder in both sexes. At 22-28 weeks, the incidences of bladder
      cancer in the male and female mice were 100 and 88%, respectively. These bladder
      tumors were classified histologically according to the frequency (%) of tumor
      type: pure transitional cell carcinoma, 42%; mixed (transitional cell carcinoma
      with squamous or glandular differentiation, or both), 28%; squamous cell
      carcinoma, 27%; and carcinoma in situ, 3%. No significant sex differences were
      observed. In comparative studies, the incidence of bladder cancer was 100% for
      both sexes after administration of 3 mM (0.052%) N-butyl-N-(4
      hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine [CAS: 3817-11-6; 4-(butylnitrosoamino)-1-butanol] in the
      drinking water. The frequency of pure transitional cell carcinoma was 47%, which
      was not significantly different from that observed for the carboxypropyl
      compound. The frequencies of other types of bladder carcinoma induced by N-butyl
      N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine were the following: mixed, 8%; squamous cell
      carcinoma, 42%; and carcinoma in situ, 3%.

PMID- 6590922
TI  - [Acute myelogenous leukemia in children under 2 years of age: studies and
      treatment results in 23 children in the AML therapy study BFM-78].
AB  - 23 out of 151 patients of the childhood AML study BFM-78 were less than two years
      of age at the time of diagnosis, 10 of them being less than one year old. The
      incidence of M5-subtype was high in infants with 12/23 (52%) compared with 20/128
      (16%) in those 2 to 17 years of age. The percentage of boys was 44% in the young
      children compared with 56% in the older ones. Initial skin infiltrations were
      seen in five infants with monoblastic subtypes (M4, M5) and in only three
      patients more than two years of age. The incidence of liver and spleen
      enlargement greater than or equal to 5 cm below the costal margin was
      significantly higher in young children. Due to infectious complications frequent
      therapy-free intervals and/or reduced drug dosages were necessary in the 8-week
      induction treatment regimen. The prophylactic cranial irradiation with 12 Gy in
      the first year of life and 15 Gy in the second year has so far not caused any
      long-term sequelae. The results were similar to those in older children: 18/23
      (78%) of the infants achieved complete remission compared with 101/128 (79%) of
      those 2 to 17 years old. With a follow-up period of 16 to 49 months the
      probability of continuous complete remission (disease-free interval) was 52% in
      children under the age of 2 and 54% in those more than 2 years of age. We
      conclude that with the improved prognosis an intensive chemotherapy is justified
      in infants with acute myelogenous leukemia.

PMID- 6590923
TI  - [Blood coagulation changes in children with acute myelogenous leukemia: thrombin
      effect or proteolysis].
AB  - Sequential coagulation tests were carried out in 13 children with acute
      nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) treated with the German cooperative protocols
      BFM 78 and 82. The test program included a PTT, Quick's Prothrombin time,
      Thrombin time, Fibrinogen (Clauss method and RID), coagulation factors II, V,
      VII, AT III, antiplasmin, plasminogen and FDP. Severe coagulation changes could
      be demonstrated in ANLL patients with FAB type M2 (myeloblastic leukemia with
      maturation) and FAB type M5 (monocytic leukemia). Usually they were found already
      at the time of diagnosis and improved during induction therapy. A variety of
      coagulation changes were observed, resembling classical DIC, typical
      hyperfibrinolysis or atypical proteolysis. It is allowed to question the concept
      of DIC as the typical coagulation disturbance in children with ANLL.

PMID- 6590925
TI  - Snakebites in South Carolina.

PMID- 6590926
TI  - Suction assisted lipectomy.

PMID- 6590927
TI  - Preterm labor and premature rupture of the membranes--1984.

PMID- 6590924
TI  - [Diagnostic significance of muscle biopsies in metabolic myopathies. II. Clinical
      biochemistry].
AB  - In the diagnosis of metabolic myopathies the use of biochemical methods, in
      addition to morphological examination of muscle biopsies, is often necessary in
      order to identify a specific metabolic defect. In order to narrow down the
      spectrum of biochemical methods, extensive clinical investigation and
      morphological examination, including histology, enzyme histochemistry and
      electromicroscopy if necessary have to be done beforehand. Patients are
      classified in the following groups: 1) progressive muscular weakness and/or
      muscle wasting with storage of a) glycogen, b) lipid or c) mitochondrial
      alterations; 2) recurrent rhabdomyolysis induced by fasting or exercise a) with
      glycogen storage or b) without any specific morphological alterations. The
      spectrum of metabolic defects comprises disorders of glycogen and glucose
      metabolism (deficiency of acid maltase, debranching and branching enzyme,
      phosphorylase, phosphofructokinase and other glycolytic enzymes), lipid
      metabolism (carnitine deficiency, carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency),
      mitochondria (respiratory chain disorders, pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency) and
      others such as adenylate deaminase deficiency. In some of these e.g. infantile
      acid maltase deficiency and mitochondriopathies, it is clinically more important
      when organs other than muscle are affected; however, muscle biopsy is a useful
      substrate for diagnosis of these metabolic disorders.

PMID- 6590928
TI  - Nuclear war--that's our common enemy.

PMID- 6590929
TI  - Radiographic contrast material reaction.

PMID- 6590930
TI  - A monoclonal antibody reactive with normal and leukemic human myeloid progenitor
      cells.
AB  - Anti-MY9 is an IgG2b murine monoclonal antibody selected for reactivity with
      immature normal human myeloid cells. The MY9 antigen is expressed by blasts,
      promyelocytes and myelocytes in the bone marrow, and by monocytes in the
      peripheral blood. Erythrocytes, lymphocytes and platelets are MY9 negative. All
      myeloid colony-forming cells (CFU-GM), a fraction of erythroid burst-forming
      cells (BFU-E) and multipotent progenitors (CFU-GEMM) are MY9 positive. This
      antigen is further expressed by the leukemic cells of a majority of patients with
      AML and myeloid CML-BC. Leukemic stem cells (leukemic colony-forming cells, L
      CFC) from most patients tested were also MY9 positive. In contrast, MY9 was not
      detected on lymphocytic leukemias. Anti-MY9 may be a valuable reagent for the
      purification of hematopoietic colony-forming cells and for the diagnosis of
      myeloid-lineage leukemias.

PMID- 6590931
TI  - The relationship of blast cell glucocorticoid receptor levels to response to
      single-agent steroid trial and remission response in children with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Of 263 children with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) levels measured at diagnosis of
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 27 received single-agent glucocorticoid
      before combination induction chemotherapy and were evaluable for in vivo clinical
      response to steroid. Twenty-one were glucocorticoid-responsive and 6 were
      resistant. There was no difference between the two groups in the distribution of
      age, sex, white blood cell count, immunophenotype of blasts, initial central
      nervous system disease or mediastinal mass. The median GR level, however, was
      appreciably lower in the group of patients with resistant disease (6250 vs 17,800
      sites/cell, p = 0.06). Five of 12 patients with GR levels of less than 10,000
      sites/cell compared to 1 of 15 with higher levels had glucocorticoid-resistant
      ALL (p = 0.03). All 21 patients with glucocorticoid-sensitive disease achieved a
      complete remission after combination induction chemotherapy, but only 3 of 5
      evaluable patients in the other group did (p less than 0.04). Two patients were
      studied both at diagnosis and at relapse; both had decreased GR levels at relapse
      (below detection in one) and failed to respond to glucocorticoid. We conclude
      that a lower GR level is associated with glucocorticoid resistance and
      furthermore that a decrease in the level of GR is a mechanism of acquiring
      steroid resistance.

PMID- 6590932
TI  - Simultaneous occurrence of a T-cell lymphoma and a chronic myelogenous leukemia
      with an unusual karyotype.
AB  - The simultaneous occurrence of malignant T-cell lymphoma and chronic myelogenous
      leukemia is reported. The lymph nodes contained E rosette forming cells. Blood
      and bone marrow cell morphology were consistent with the diagnosis of chronic
      myelogenous leukemia. Lymph nodes, bone marrow and blood mitosis showed a t(6;8)
      (6pter----6q27 ::8p12----8pter;6qter----6q27 ::8p12----8qter) translocation. So
      far a number of recent reports have shown simultaneous B lymphoid and myeloid
      proliferations in some malignancies, this is apparently the first reported case
      of simultaneous T lymphoid and myeloid proliferations.

PMID- 6590933
TI  - A further study on quicker re-entry of chromosomally abnormal cells to active
      proliferation and preferential death of chromosomally normal cells during ageing
      of specimens in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
AB  - Quicker re-entry of chromosomally abnormal cells to active proliferation under
      culture conditions was observed in cultured peripheral blood samples, old or
      fresh, but not in cultured bone marrow samples. In 10 patients with AML studied
      using peripheral blood, the mitotic index (MI) rose after 24 h in culture and
      reached a peak after 48 h in culture in AA patients (with all abnormal
      karyotypes); the MI rose after 24 h in culture and reached a peak after 48, 72 or
      96 h in culture in AN patients (mixed normal and abnormal karyotypes); the MI
      remained at much lower level until after 72, 96 or 120 h of culture in NN
      patients (all normal karyotypes). The MI at 24 and 48 h of culture was
      significantly higher in AN and AA patients than in NN patients. A significantly
      increased frequency of chromosomally normal cells after prolonged culture was
      observed in one patient with t(8;21). The results of this study also suggest that
      chromosomally normal cells are more likely to die off than are abnormal ones
      during ageing of specimens.

PMID- 6590934
TI  - Use of logistic regression analysis to improve prediction of prognosis in acute
      myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - The prognostic usefulness of a range of factors has been examined for patients
      with acute myeloid leukaemia. Although there was a statistical association
      between some of these factors and remission rate, the association was only
      partial. To improve the usefulness of the data, multiple logistic regressional
      analysis was used. The features selected for use in the analysis were age, blood
      blast count, FAB classification and colony growth pattern. The last three
      features could be used as categorical variables, since blood blast counts of
      greater than 100 X 10(9)/1, FAB group 1 and a prolific pattern of colony growth
      were associated with a low remission rate. Age was used as a continuous variable.
      Using these features, eight regression groups were defined. Thus when this data
      for an individual patient is analysed, it is possible to obtain a value for the
      probability of that patient achieving remission.

PMID- 6590935
TI  - The epidemiology of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma in Israel between 1976 and 1981.
AB  - n epidemiologic survey of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) occurring in Israel, Judea, Samaria and the Gaza Strip
      between the years 1976 and 1981, revealed 205 cases of ALL and 69 of NHL. The
      mean annual incidence of lymphatic malignancies was 3.1/10(5) in the Israeli
      Jews, 2.3/10(5) in the Israeli Arabs and 2.5/10(5) in the Gaza Strip. In the
      Jewish population there was a peak in the incidence of lymphatic malignancies at
      the 2-5 years age group, while in the Israeli Arabs this was less prominent.
      There were no significant differences in the incidence or type of lymphatic
      malignancies in the various Jewish or Arab groups but there was a trend for a
      high leukemia to lymphoma ratio (LLR) in the patients from the Gaza Strip. A
      relatively higher LLR was observed in families of a high socioeconomic status,
      but it did not reach statistical significance. T-cell ALL comprised about a third
      of the typed ALL cases. A high proportion of the patients with ALL belonged to
      the high-risk category: 46% of the Jewish children and 76% of the Gaza Strip
      children. White blood cell count above 100,000/mm3 were found at presentation in
      36.7% of the Gaza Strip patients but only in 9.4% of the Jewish patients. In
      spite of that, the survival at 4 years of the Jewish and Arab patients was
      similar. However, the patients with T-cell ALL had a significantly worse survival
      than the standard risk or the non-T high-risk group: 43.3 +/- 9.7, 66.6 +/- 7.1
      and 63.6 +/- 10.4%, respectively. Compared to a previous study conducted in this
      country in the sixties it appears that the epidemiologic differences that were
      observed at that time between the various Jewish ethnic groups have practically
      disappeared.

PMID- 6590936
TI  - Erythroid differentiation in CGL cells from a patient with blast crisis.
AB  - A 60-year-old patient with Ph1 + ve CGL presented with blast crisis. The
      leukaemic blast cells resembled erythroblasts and had 51 chromosomes with two
      Ph1. Cells obtained from peripheral blood, marrow and a pleural effusion were
      cultured under a variety of conditions. After 2-3 weeks in culture, the model 51
      chromosome line persisted but many of the cells displayed erythroid morphology
      and differentiated to resemble mature normoblasts, strongly positive on o
      tolidine +ve staining. Haemoglobin analysis by starch gel and globin synthesis
      studies demonstrated only fetal haemoglobin (HbF) synthesis in the cultured cells
      whilst the patient's reticulocytes synthesized very little HbF. Restriction
      enzyme mapping of DNA from the cultured cells showed that beta-globin genes were
      still present in these cells even though they were not expressed.

PMID- 6590937
TI  - No preferential sensitivity of clonogenic AML cells to ASTA-Z-7557.
AB  - ASTA-Z-7557, an in vitro active metabolite of cyclophosphamide, has recently been
      introduced to purge autologous bone marrow grafts of patients with AML. The
      rationale of this approach assumes a relatively higher sensitivity of leukemic
      cells to the drug as compared to that of normal marrow precursors. We have
      investigated in direct comparison the sensitivity to ASTA-Z-7557 of normal bone
      marrow progenitors (GM-CFC and BFU-E) and clonogenic leukemic cells (L-CFC).
      Normal bone marrow cells and purified leukemic blast cells were exposed to
      varying concentrations of the drug. Dose-response relationships did not indicate
      a selective cytotoxic susceptibility of L-CFC to ASTA-Z-7557. The recovery of
      bone marrow precursors following exposure to ASTA-Z-7557 depended on the cell
      concentration during exposure and was higher for 2 X 10(7) cells/ml than for 1 X
      10(6)/ml. To mimic minimal residual leukemia cell mixtures of 95% irradiated
      normal bone marrow cells with 5% leukemic blast cells were exposed to ASTA-Z
      7557. In this mixture killing of L-CFC was largely decreased. These data suggest
      that in vitro incubation of autologous bone marrow grafts of patients with
      minimal residual leukemia with ASTA-Z-7557 might not offer a therapeutic
      advantage.

PMID- 6590938
TI  - [The effect of prostaglandin F-2 alpha and indomethacin on the longitudinal
      musculature of the human oviduct].
AB  - The musculature of the isthmic and ampullar segment of the human oviduct reacts
      to Prostaglandin F-2 alpha by the increased tonus. The tonus increased was more
      pronounced in the musculature of the gravid oviduct. Prostaglandin F-2 alpha in
      the presence of Indomethacin products a significantly lower tonus increase of the
      musculature of the isthmic and ampullar segment of the non-gravid human oviduct
      than is the case when applied alone.

PMID- 6590939
TI  - Infection in the cancer patient.

PMID- 6590940
TI  - [Assay of CA 19-9 in cancer of the pancreas: preliminary results].

PMID- 6590941
TI  - [Secondary malignant tumors following treatment of Hodgkin's disease].
AB  - Secondary tumors were noted in 8 out of 675 patients with Hodgkin's disease
      during remission following treatment. The following diseases were diagnosed:acute
      myeloblastic leukemia (1), lung cancer (2), gastric cancer (3), cervical cancer
      (1), and basalioma (2). The incidence of secondary tumors among patients with
      Hodgkin's disease turned out to be much higher than in general population.
      Complications were more frequently observed in men after combined therapy (radio-
      and drug therapy).

PMID- 6590942
TI  - Transcription in bacteriophage f1-infected Escherichia coli: RNA synthesized on
      DNA of deletion mutant PII shows the existence of a two-site terminator.
AB  - Two different transcripts are synthesized on the DNA of deletion mutant PII of
      bacteriophage f1 in E. coli cells infected with this miniphage. Both RNA species
      appear to be primary transcripts and differ by about 100 nucleotides at their
      3'OH end. Mapping of these molecules on the miniphage genome suggests that a two
      site terminator is active at the end of the I region of transcription of
      bacteriophage f1.

PMID- 6590944
TI  - Ventilator disconnection danger.

PMID- 6590943
TI  - Codon specificity of starvation induced misreading.
AB  - Mistranslated derivatives of the coat protein of the bacteriophage MS2 were
      isolated from infected cells starved for asparagine. This protein contains a high
      level of lysine for asparagine substitutions. By peptide analysis and amino acid
      sequencing we show that there is a six-fold greater frequency of errors at AAU
      codons than at AAC codons. This ratio is the same as that found in unstarved
      cells where the overall error frequency is 100-fold less. We also demonstrate
      that, at least for AAC codons, context affects error frequency.

PMID- 6590946
TI  - Root canal therapy by means of apicoectomy in Benin city, Bendel state.

PMID- 6590945
TI  - [Congenital monocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6590947
TI  - Clinical trial on the efficacy of co-trifamole in osteomyelitis of the jaws in
      Nigeria.

PMID- 6590948
TI  - Etiology of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis--analysis of 33 cases in
      Lagos.

PMID- 6590950
TI  - Hemangiopericytoma of the zygomatic region.

PMID- 6590949
TI  - Taurodontism.

PMID- 6590951
TI  - [Oral hygiene and gingival pathology in a group of 15-year-old subjects in the
      city of Milan].

PMID- 6590952
TI  - [Fluoride content of the enamel during the developmental phase of the carious
      process. Experimental contribution].

PMID- 6590953
TI  - [Reproducibility of linear and angular measurements in cephalometric analysis].

PMID- 6590955
TI  - [Cephalometric contribution to the diagnosis of open bite. II. Dento-alveolar
      open bite].

PMID- 6590954
TI  - [Cephalometric evaluation in the primary dentition].

PMID- 6590956
TI  - [Retained teeth, impacted teeth: diagnostic, clinical, and therapeutic problems].

PMID- 6590957
TI  - [Kinesographic evaluation in orthodontic diagnosis].

PMID- 6590958
TI  - [Clinical contribution to the study of the maxillofacial skeletal changes in
      Cooley's disease].

PMID- 6590959
TI  - [Surgical-orthodontic treatment of the complete palatal impaction of the
      permanent canines and changes in the Ballista spring].

PMID- 6590960
TI  - [Position of the lower incisors in a group of adults with ideal occlusion].

PMID- 6590961
TI  - [New cephalometric values and their application for the prediction of growth].

PMID- 6590962
TI  - [Considerations on the cephalometric evaluation of point A].

PMID- 6590963
TI  - [Treatment of malocclusions in monozygotic twins].

PMID- 6590964
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 36-1984. Childhood leukemia with progressive neurologic
      deterioration.

PMID- 6590965
TI  - Reduced Ia-positive Langerhans' cells in AIDS.

PMID- 6590966
TI  - Recombinant DNA. Prospect of new US regulation: surprise welcome for EPA.

PMID- 6590967
TI  - Molecular cloning of a new transforming gene from a chemically transformed human
      cell line.
AB  - Molecular cloning of the transforming gene from a chemically transformed human
      osteosarcoma-derived cell line enables the gene to be mapped to chromosome 7
      (7p11.4-7qter) and by this criterion and by direct hybridization to be shown to
      be unrelated to known oncogenes.

PMID- 6590968
TI  - Biotechnology: Cohen-Boyer patent finally confirmed.

PMID- 6590969
TI  - After fluoride come sealants: a new epoch in control of dental caries.

PMID- 6590970
TI  - Professional review organizations.

PMID- 6590971
TI  - Adventures of a Latter-Day Carpetbagger.

PMID- 6590972
TI  - Endoscopy, a growing part of medicine.

PMID- 6590973
TI  - Selenium intoxication--New York.

PMID- 6590974
TI  - Infant botulism--Massachusetts.

PMID- 6590975
TI  - Characteristics of emergency medical services providers in rural areas who seek
      advanced training.

PMID- 6590976
TI  - Quality control of amalgam restorations. Part II. A comparison of four non
      clinical methods of evaluation.

PMID- 6590977
TI  - The patient, focus of dental care. An ethical view.

PMID- 6590978
TI  - [Standard gel applications using commercially produced trays for children].

PMID- 6590979
TI  - [Panoramic tomography: the optimum position of the head].

PMID- 6590980
TI  - [Working with amalgam in artificial mouths: an evaluation].

PMID- 6590981
TI  - [A health questionnaire for dental care of children].

PMID- 6590982
TI  - [Results of mouth floor surgery and vestibuloplasty. II. Radiographic
      evaluation].

PMID- 6590983
TI  - [The reliability of the dry-heat sterilizer].

PMID- 6590984
TI  - [The scientific nature of the dental curriculum].

PMID- 6590985
TI  - [Adolescent dental services in Suriname. II].

PMID- 6590986
TI  - [Systematic determination of tooth color in the general practice].

PMID- 6590987
TI  - [Developments in the geographical distribution of dentists in the Netherlands
      1969-1981].

PMID- 6590988
TI  - [Society and ethics].

PMID- 6590989
TI  - [Learning psychomotor skills in dental education].

PMID- 6590990
TI  - An overview of New York State and the offshore medical schools.

PMID- 6590991
TI  - The historical and theoretical basis for the New York State Board of Regents'
      policy concerning US foreign medical students.

PMID- 6590992
TI  - New York State's approach to clinical clerkships for students in unaccredited
      medical schools.

PMID- 6590993
TI  - Effects of offshore medical students on hospitals, medical schools, and
      physicians in New York State.

PMID- 6590994
TI  - Clinical clerkships. Problems and solutions.

PMID- 6590995
TI  - Offshore medical school graduates--a view from the New York City Health and
      Hospitals Corporation.

PMID- 6590996
TI  - Commercialism in medicine.

PMID- 6590997
TI  - Providing clinical clerkships for Americans from foreign medical schools.

PMID- 6590998
TI  - The US foreign medical student and New York State: a study in controversy.

PMID- 6590999
TI  - The prevalence of warts on the hands of workers in a New Zealand slaughterhouse.
AB  - Ninety-nine adult male meat workers and 55 similar textile workers were
      questioned about their current and past experience of hand warts, their contact
      with affected family members and non-workplace exposure to animals. Period
      prevalence rates for workers who slaughtered cattle (72%) and pigs (60%)--were
      significantly higher than those for other meat industry workers (27%) and textile
      workers (22%). Beef and pig slaughtermen employed for more than five years had a
      significantly higher period prevalence rate than other meat workers and textile
      workers. There were no differences between prevalence rates of warts in children
      and other family members of affected and unaffected meat workers. There was an
      inverse relationship between the prevalence of hand warts and non-workplace
      exposure to cats and dogs. Very few meat workers had time off work due to hand
      warts. The data support the hypothesis that the work environment of beef and pig
      slaughtermen enhances the prevalence of hand warts.

PMID- 6591001
TI  - Humanitarian and financial costs in alcoholics: a preliminary study of 15 cases.
AB  - A small sample of hospitalised alcoholics had life-time dollar costs and
      humanitarian costs estimated. Costs per drinking year were heaviest in the 19-29
      year old age group, particularly in relationship to health care and sickness
      benefit received. Social and humanitarian costs are more similar across the age
      groups. It is concluded that admission occurs when these costs reach a critical
      level, and is not solely a function of recent drinking levels. It is suggested
      that the relative costliness of young people admitted for alcoholism represents a
      new accelerated subsyndrome of alcoholism, presumably a product of the wealthy,
      liberal culture of the 1960s and 1970s. The costs of health care of the sample
      are apparently not covered by excise and sales taxes.

PMID- 6591000
TI  - Physical fitness of New Zealand army personnel; correlation between field tests
      and direct laboratory assessments--anaerobic threshold and maximum O2 uptake.
AB  - Performance in two field tests was compared with maximum oxygen uptake (V02max)
      and anaerobic threshold in 42 male army staff. V02max was measured directly
      during incremental treadmill exercise. Anaerobic threshold was determined
      simultaneously from changes in ventilation and gas-exchange. The time to run 2.4
      km and the distance covered in 12 minutes were each measured within a week of the
      laboratory assessments. V02max ranged from 39.8 to 66.0 ml kg-1min-1 with a mean
      of 50.8 ml kg-1 min-1 (SD 6.2) for the group. Mean anaerobic threshold was 30.7
      ml kg-1min-1 (SD 5.5). These values compare favourably with those for other
      military populations. The time to run 2.4 km averaged 616 s (SD 60) for the group
      while the mean distance covered in 12 minutes was 2.78 km (SD 0.25). The time for
      the 2.4 km run showed a significant inverse correlation with both V02max (r =
      0.83) and anaerobic threshold (r = 0.81). The linear correlations between 12 min
      run distance and V02max (r = 0.72) or anaerobic threshold (r = 0.70) were lower.
      V02max and anaerobic threshold may be justifiably estimated using such field
      tests.

PMID- 6591002
TI  - Artificial insemination by donor.

PMID- 6591003
TI  - Diabetes mellitus in a Christchurch working population.
AB  - Using criteria recommended by the World Health Organisation, prevalence rates for
      diabetes mellitus have been determined in a Christchurch working population of
      adults aged 15-65 years. Ninety-three percent of 1047 workers employed by a large
      industrial group were screened for diabetes mellitus using 75 G oral glucose
      tolerance tests. Three point one percent of the survey group were diabetic--1.55%
      were known to have diabetes and a further 1.55% were new cases. In addition,
      0.31% were considered to have gestational diabetes mellitus. Blood glucose
      elevations not diagnostic for diabetes mellitus were present in another 0.93%. By
      applying the criteria of the National Diabetes Data Group, slightly different
      prevalence rates were found--3.0% for diabetes mellitus and 1.14% for impaired
      glucose tolerance.

PMID- 6591004
TI  - Nutritional supplements for low birth weight infants.

PMID- 6591006
TI  - Few restrictions in natural family planning.

PMID- 6591005
TI  - Accident Compensation Corporation ongoing patient survey.

PMID- 6591007
TI  - Coronary artery surgery.

PMID- 6591008
TI  - Acupuncture an effective placebo?

PMID- 6591009
TI  - Laboratory diagnosis of legionellosis.

PMID- 6591010
TI  - Lay community health workers detecting diabetes.

PMID- 6591012
TI  - Isometric exercise following myocardial infarction.
AB  - Twenty-six consecutive patients had measurement of ejection fraction by gated
      blood-pool imaging at rest and during isometric exercise, following recovery from
      an uncomplicated myocardial infarction. We found there was a highly significant
      fall in ejection fraction at rest from 56 +/- 3% to 43 +/- 3% during isometric
      exercise (p less than 0.0001). There was a dramatic fall in ejection fraction
      during isometric exercise in some patients with a normal resting value. These
      patients may be a cause for concern. Our preliminary findings suggest these
      latter patients are at risk for future cardiac events such as, unstable angina,
      further myocardial infarction and future coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 6591011
TI  - A clinical-pathological study on chronic hepatitis in Auckland.
AB  - We prospectively analysed the liver histology and clinical data of 45 patients
      with a clinical diagnosis of chronic hepatitis. There was more chronic active
      hepatitis than chronic persistent hepatitis. In both, there were more men than
      women except in the subgroup of lupoid hepatitis, where all were women. As a
      group, chronic persistent hepatitis patients tended to have less severe
      abnormalities in biochemical liver function tests. Chronic hepatitis B infection
      accounted for 38% (17/45) of all patients. Of these, 53% (9/17) were Maori or
      Polynesian, although they only account for approximately 1/5 of the European
      population in Auckland. This correlated with the known high hepatitis B surface
      antigen carrier frequency in the Maori and Polynesian and the high incidence of
      primary hepatocellular carcinoma in this ethnic group. The present study also
      showed there are relatively few chronic active hepatitis patients, those with
      immunological abnormalities (lupoid hepatitis, 5/45), who are likely to respond
      to steroid treatment.

PMID- 6591013
TI  - Dementia in the elderly.

PMID- 6591014
TI  - Advances in the diagnosis and management of deep vein thrombosis.

PMID- 6591015
TI  - The prevalence of smoking among Dunedin nine-year olds.
AB  - This study reported the results of a survey on smoking conducted by the Dunedin
      Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit of 779 nine year old
      children in their sample. By the age of nine, 275 (35.3%) of the children had
      tried to smoke a cigarette, even just a few puffs, and 636 (81.7%) did not have
      any friends who smoked. Most of these children knew about the adverse effects of
      smoking on health and most of this information did not come from their parents.
      They also reported that 63% of the mothers and 75% of the fathers did not give
      them information on smoking. The findings suggested (1) that health education
      programmes for the prevention of smoking by children should start prior to age
      nine (2) that a programme focusing on the negative aspects of smoking on health
      would probably not be very beneficial and (3) that parents should be recruited as
      health educators and used more efficiently in giving children more information
      about smoking.

PMID- 6591016
TI  - Blood culture isolates at Green Lane Hospital, 1972-1982.
AB  - Bacteraemic patients identified annually at Green Lane Hospital by positive blood
      culture increased by 215% between 1972 and 1982. In the same period the patient
      population increased by 22%. There was a disproportionate increase in gram
      positive organisms. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns are discussed.

PMID- 6591018
TI  - Preventing periodontal disease.

PMID- 6591017
TI  - Primary hyperaldosteronism and depression.

PMID- 6591020
TI  - Cerebrovascular disease.

PMID- 6591019
TI  - Exacerbation of B27 spondyloarthropathy by Campylobacter jejuni: a case report.

PMID- 6591022
TI  - Deaths from strokes.

PMID- 6591021
TI  - Arteritis, rifampicin and hypereosinophilia in a Maori woman.

PMID- 6591023
TI  - Child restraints in cars.

PMID- 6591024
TI  - Child abuse and neglect.

PMID- 6591025
TI  - Juvenile delinquency.

PMID- 6591026
TI  - Circadian urinary excretory patterns in an Antarctic environment.
AB  - Thirteen 24 h urine collections were made by each of the four members of an
      expedition to Cape Hallett, northern Victoria Land, Antarctica, during five weeks
      of the 1982/3 summer. Each collection period was divided into the wake (0700 h
      2200 h), and the sleep (2200 h-0700 h) times. Three control collections were made
      in Christchurch prior to the journey to Antarctica. The mean urine volume
      increased by 500 ml/24 h; the sodium excretion by 50 mmol/24 h. The 24 h
      potassium, urea, and creatinine excretions showed no significant changes. Daily
      excretion patterns of water, sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine were observed
      by comparing the 9 h overnight excretions with the 24 h excretions. Circadian
      excretion patterns of the pre-Antarctic control period were preserved over the
      five weeks of continuous daylight. By comparing the 9 h with the same day 24 h
      results, the ability to predict a 24 h value from the 9 h excretion was tested.
      Such predictions were shown to be unreliable. Predictions from 9 h sodium
      creatinine ratios, potassium creatinine ratios, and urea creatinine ratios were
      no better.

PMID- 6591027
TI  - Human pulmonary dirofilariasis.
AB  - Dirofilaria immitis, the canine heartworm, is a relatively rare, but well
      documented cause of human lung disease. The disease presents in man as a
      solitary, peripheral parenchymal lung nodule which may simulate a peripheral lung
      neoplasm. This case is the first report of the disease in New Zealand, a country
      where the parasite has not become established in the dog population. A brief
      review of the life cycle, epidemiology and clinical data relating to human
      dirofilariasis is included.

PMID- 6591028
TI  - Intestinal anisakiasis: a new New Zealand disease.
AB  - Anisakiasis is not an uncommon disease in countries where raw fish is a delicacy.
      This example of intestinal obstruction following reaction to a migrating anisakis
      larva is the first case reported in New Zealand.

PMID- 6591029
TI  - Campylobacter in New Zealand.

PMID- 6591030
TI  - Aviation medicine part 1: Physiological changes during air transport.

PMID- 6591031
TI  - Pharmacogenetic polymorphism of drug metabolism.

PMID- 6591032
TI  - Politics and health.

PMID- 6591033
TI  - The use of inhaled high dose beclomethasone in the Waikato region.

PMID- 6591034
TI  - Endoscopy and gastric ulceration before cimetidine.

PMID- 6591036
TI  - Hepatitis immunisation prior to travel or residence in developing countries.

PMID- 6591035
TI  - Cot death rates New Zealand 1930 and 1981.

PMID- 6591037
TI  - Scarlet fever.

PMID- 6591038
TI  - Vertical transmission of hepatitis B.

PMID- 6591039
TI  - Rheumatic fever: an unsolved problem in New Zealand.

PMID- 6591040
TI  - New Zealand trends in acute rheumatic fever and chronic rheumatic heart disease
      1971-1981.

PMID- 6591041
TI  - Management of rheumatic fever: a review.

PMID- 6591042
TI  - Fitness tests.

PMID- 6591043
TI  - Aviation medicine part 2: Fitness to fly and the role of doctor travellers.

PMID- 6591044
TI  - Phencyclidine abuse in New Zealand.

PMID- 6591045
TI  - Need for standards for health food products.

PMID- 6591047
TI  - Smoking among children.

PMID- 6591046
TI  - National data tests a cancer risk hypothesis.

PMID- 6591048
TI  - Myalgic encephalomyelitis.

PMID- 6591049
TI  - The epidemiological study of birth defects.

PMID- 6591050
TI  - Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in the Hamilton health district: I.
      An epidemiological survey.
AB  - The establishment of a computer based rheumatic fever register in the Hamilton
      health district is reported. The mean annual incidence of rheumatic fever over a
      five period in Maoris and non-Maoris 5-29 years of age was 88.0 and 9.3 per 100
      000 respectively, with almost twice the recurrence rate in Maoris. The prevalence
      of rheumatic heart disease in Maoris and non-Maoris, 5-19 years of age, was 6.5
      and 0.9 per 1000 respectively, Maoris being more likely to have severe or
      multiple valve lesions. Over a 10 year study of under 30 year olds, all 11
      cardiac deaths occurred in Maoris. Twenty-seven out of 31 valve surgery cases
      were Maoris.

PMID- 6591051
TI  - Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in the Hamilton health district: II.
      Long term follow-up and secondary prophylaxis.
AB  - An analysis is made of follow-up and prophylaxis of 289 first attacks of acute
      rheumatic fever occurring over a ten year period in under 30 year olds in the
      Hamilton health district, New Zealand. Hospital clinics originally undertook to
      follow 84.4% of patients but after ten years, regular contact was maintained with
      45% of this group while general practitioners maintained contact with 32% of
      their group. Fifty percent of all cases (and 77% of cases occurring in the past
      five years) are on regular benzathine penicillin usually administered by the
      district nursing service. Co-ordination with extramural services and the use of
      the computer based register as means of improving follow-up and prophylaxis are
      advocated, with more attention being given to defaulters.

PMID- 6591052
TI  - Aviation medicine, Part 3: Aerospace resuscitation and prevention of medical
      problems during and after flying.

PMID- 6591053
TI  - Coronary artery surgery.

PMID- 6591054
TI  - Cot death and potassium 4: hypothermia and feeding patterns.

PMID- 6591055
TI  - Exposure to high frequency noise.

PMID- 6591056
TI  - Pedal cycle accidents.

PMID- 6591057
TI  - Diabetes screening.

PMID- 6591058
TI  - Vertical transmission of hepatitis B.

PMID- 6591059
TI  - Ethical dilemmas in nursing: are we afraid to become involved?

PMID- 6591060
TI  - Ethical dilemmas in nursing: reason vs intuition--to which ought we appeal?

PMID- 6591061
TI  - The Division of Nursing, Department of Health.

PMID- 6591062
TI  - [Interproximal amalgam fillings: a problem in the relation between conservative
      dentistry and periodontology].

PMID- 6591063
TI  - [Head rest: purpose and development].

PMID- 6591065
TI  - [Observations on a technic for radiographic interpretation of the TMJ].

PMID- 6591064
TI  - [Considerations on toothpastes].

PMID- 6591066
TI  - [Occlusal adjustment].

PMID- 6591067
TI  - [Clinical behavior of silver points in endodontics (clinico-microscopic study)].

PMID- 6591068
TI  - [Oral problems caused by alcoholism].

PMID- 6591069
TI  - [Modified Widman flap for reattachment in periodontal therapy].

PMID- 6591070
TI  - [Acromandibular dysplasia (AMD) and Gaucher's disease type 1 in a family].

PMID- 6591071
TI  - [Facial pain. 1: Classification and essential neuralgias].

PMID- 6591072
TI  - [Lesions of the oral mucosa in relation to the use of complete dentures].

PMID- 6591073
TI  - [Facial pain. 2: Extracranial causes of facial pain].

PMID- 6591074
TI  - [Proliferation of the squamous odontogenic epithelium in the wall of an
      odontogenic cyst].

PMID- 6591075
TI  - [Periodontics and occlusal rehabilitation].

PMID- 6591076
TI  - [Vestibular palatal mucosa graft to the lower jaw].

PMID- 6591077
TI  - [Anatomical variations in the atrio-ventricular valves (in human fetuses at
      term)].

PMID- 6591078
TI  - [Relation between upper and lower canine apices and cusp tips in the horizontal
      plane--studies with a 3-dimensional measurement system].

PMID- 6591079
TI  - [Effect of lysozyme in a salt solution on lactate production by Streptococcus
      mutans].

PMID- 6591080
TI  - [Hard and soft tissue profile changes and their relation to the maxillary
      protrusion of adult females treated with the Begg technic].

PMID- 6591081
TI  - [The abrasion of deciduous dental enamel and dental restorative materials].

PMID- 6591082
TI  - [Analysis of trace metals in human teeth (III). Cadmium concentration in human
      teeth using flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy].

PMID- 6591083
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy studies of the dorsal epithelial surface of the
      tongue in the mongoose, Herpestes edwardsi].

PMID- 6591084
TI  - [Electric properties of the prismatic and nacreous layers of the clam shell].

PMID- 6591085
TI  - [The electrical properties of the low resistance region, the so-called "THUBO"
      area, of the human skin].

PMID- 6591086
TI  - [An equivalent value diagram of the electric resistance in human skin].

PMID- 6591087
TI  - [An anatomical study of the teeth of Varanus gouldii].

PMID- 6591088
TI  - [An anatomical study of the teeth of Varanus selebes].

PMID- 6591089
TI  - [The relation between the function of the jaw-closing muscles and vertical facial
      morphology].

PMID- 6591090
TI  - [Correlation between the agenesis of wisdom teeth and the form of the jaw bone-
      the cause of wisdom tooth agenesis].

PMID- 6591091
TI  - [Zinc oxide-eugenol and pulp reaction].

PMID- 6591092
TI  - [The dental materials stock room in the dental office. The importance and
      management of the stock room].

PMID- 6591093
TI  - [Iatrogenic damage due to the use of arsenicals in dentistry].

PMID- 6591094
TI  - [An instrument for cyst reduction].

PMID- 6591095
TI  - [Function of fluoride in prevention].

PMID- 6591096
TI  - [Prevention of tooth and jaw lesions in irradiated patients].

PMID- 6591097
TI  - [Transition from corrective ergonomics to conceptual ergonomics. The
      environmental-psychological approach].

PMID- 6591098
TI  - [Methodology for the determination of the quantitative normal and abnormal
      anatomy of the European facial structure].

PMID- 6591099
TI  - [Use of laser therapy in clinical dental practice].

PMID- 6591100
TI  - [Histologic study of grafts of autogenous free connective and epithelio
      connective tissue flaps in periodontic surgery].

PMID- 6591101
TI  - [Current concepts on local etiologic factors in caries].

PMID- 6591102
TI  - [Papillary hyperplasia of the palate].

PMID- 6591103
TI  - [Autonomous hospital decisions for the prevention of oral diseases in the
      elderly].

PMID- 6591104
TI  - [Management in dentistry. The opening of an office: preparation of operational
      strategies].

PMID- 6591105
TI  - Survey of bite-wing entrance surface exposures for dental X-ray generators.

PMID- 6591106
TI  - [Mutant gene expression in mouse aggregation chimeras. 2. The dominant cataract
      FR gene].
AB  - An analysis of dominant cataract-Fr (CatFr) gene in chimaeric mice CatFr/CatFr
      c/c in equilibrium +/+C/C has shown that CatFr gene is active in the
      differentiation lens fibres. The pycnosis of nuclei was observed in the primary
      lens fibres both in 14 day old chimaeric and CatFr/CatFr embryos. In the central
      part of lens of the 17 day old chimaeric embryos, there are, besides the
      fragmented pycnotic nuclei, nuclei with normal morphology which are not observed
      in CatFr/CatFr embryos. The pycnosis of nuclei was observed in some deep cortical
      lens fibres of both 17 day old chimaeric and CatFr/CatFr embryos. In the newborn
      chimaeric mice practically all centrally located lens fibres had destructive
      changes. The effect of gene CatFr, pycnosis of nuclei, was used as cell marker in
      clonal analysis of lens development. The count of pycnotic nuclei in the primary
      and secondary lens fibres of, respectively, 14 and 17 day old chimaeric embryos
      has shown a high degree of correlation in the ratio of normal and mutant cells
      between the left and right eye lenses. A high degree of correlation was also
      established in the ratio of pigmented and unpigmented cells in the retinal
      pigment epithelium between the left and right eye. A positive correlation was
      also shown in the ratio of mutant and normal cells between the lens and retinal
      pigment epithelium in both 14 and 17 day old chimaeric embryos.

PMID- 6591107
TI  - What's your diagnosis, doctor? Jaw diseases radiography.

PMID- 6591108
TI  - Abstracts of the Fourth World Congress on Pain, Seattle, WA, U.S.A., August 31
      September 5, 1984.

PMID- 6591109
TI  - Anorexia nervosa and binge vomiting.

PMID- 6591110
TI  - [Condition of the kidneys in children with acute leukemia based on various
      functional studies and radiological examinations].

PMID- 6591111
TI  - Symposium on genetic engineering and phenylketonuria.

PMID- 6591112
TI  - Multiple congenital malformations associated with maternal isotretinoin therapy.

PMID- 6591113
TI  - [Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Evaluation of risk factors and results
      of treatment in a pediatric milieu].
AB  - Rapid progress in acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment in childhood has allowed
      five years survival rates at least for 50% vs 30% of standard risk (60-70%) and
      high risk (30-40%) patients. Analyzing our material from University Hospital
      Pediatric Department (Oran, Algeria) was leading to such conclusions as: First:
      excess of higher risk acute lymphoblastic leukemias; Second: excess of bad
      prognosis enzymatic/cytologic markers; Third: post therapeutic 5 years survival
      probability compares with lowest figures found in literature. Bearing in mind
      higher risk clinical material and poorer resources of hospital facilities,
      medical manpower and nursing in such an underdeveloped country as Algeria,
      therapeutic results seemed reasonably promising.

PMID- 6591114
TI  - [Preceptorship in a foreign country].

PMID- 6591115
TI  - Interpreting the ANA Code.

PMID- 6591116
TI  - Nurses at work: radiation hazards.

PMID- 6591117
TI  - Psychiatric/mental health nursing.

PMID- 6591118
TI  - Nursing: Alternative to high cost care.

PMID- 6591120
TI  - Correction. Educational preparation for nursing practice: the competency model.

PMID- 6591119
TI  - Interpreting the ANA Code.

PMID- 6591121
TI  - Children in cars.

PMID- 6591122
TI  - Diary of a strike, Part II.

PMID- 6591123
TI  - The confrontation process with impaired nurses.

PMID- 6591124
TI  - New Jersey & you perfect together.

PMID- 6591125
TI  - Preceptorships in New Jersey hospitals.

PMID- 6591126
TI  - How to use the Simcrest Occlusion Balancer as a central bearing point--part 1.

PMID- 6591127
TI  - The cost of sealant application in a state dental disease prevention program.

PMID- 6591128
TI  - How to use the Simcrest occlusion balancer as a central bearing point and
      interpret it's tracings--part II.

PMID- 6591129
TI  - Mission: improving the health of Ugandans.

PMID- 6591130
TI  - Viral hepatitis, type B infection among Minnesota dental personnel; results of a
      serologic survey.

PMID- 6591131
TI  - Psychological and behavioral effects of color in dental offices.

PMID- 6591132
TI  - Infant infection with Streptococcus mutans: source and prevention.

PMID- 6591133
TI  - Tumor uptake of high and low molecular weight fractions from 67Ga-citrate
      labelled blood plasma.
AB  - Blood plasma from tumor-bearing rats was incubated with 67Ga-citrate, and two
      fractions of high molecular weight (proteins) and low molecular weight were
      isolated by dialysis and by gel-filtration chromatography. Both fractions showed
      a different in vivo uptake by DS-sarcoma-bearing animals, the high molecular
      weight fraction being accumulated to a lesser extent. Compared to 67Ga-citrate
      the low molecular weight fraction showed a different uptake which for most
      tissues was significatively higher. This behavior suggests the presence of 67Ga
      in chemical forms other than citrate in the low molecular weight fraction. The
      lower uptake of the blood protein fraction is discussed.

PMID- 6591134
TI  - Bulimia nervosa.

PMID- 6591135
TI  - Nursing care study: unspoken implications.

PMID- 6591136
TI  - Nursing care study: Mandy's fight against leukaemia.

PMID- 6591137
TI  - Cavity designs for composite resins.

PMID- 6591138
TI  - Communication between the oral cavity and the dental pulp associated with
      restorative treatment.

PMID- 6591140
TI  - In pursuit of mediocrity.

PMID- 6591139
TI  - Mercury leakage during trituration: an evaluation of disposable capsules.

PMID- 6591141
TI  - Mercury contamination removed with tin foil.

PMID- 6591142
TI  - Accuracy of a new type of irreversible hydrocolloid (JLB) for final impressions.

PMID- 6591143
TI  - Effects of diluents on physical properties of a light-cured composite Prisma
      Fil).

PMID- 6591144
TI  - Cavity sealing ability of lathe-cut, blend, and spherical amalgam alloys: a
      laboratory study.

PMID- 6591145
TI  - Vacuum trituration of two amalgam alloys (Dispersalloy and Tytin): clinical and
      laboratory evaluation.

PMID- 6591146
TI  - Pathology of the ductus arteriosus treated with prostaglandins: comparisons with
      untreated cases.
AB  - Our histological study of the ductus arteriosus compared 12 infants who were
      treated with E-type prostaglandins with 12 control infants matched as closely as
      possible for age and diagnosis. Distinguishing histological features were seen in
      five of the treated cases and in none of the untreated cases. These features were
      intimal tears in two and hemorrhage into the media in five. Medial edema, mural
      thrombosis, and interruption of the internal elastic lamina at sites not beneath
      intimal cushions occurred both in treated and untreated infants and therefore
      were not distinguishing features. The gross anatomical features of the ductus
      arteriosus were assessed in these 24 and in another 85 cases. Significant
      differences in the ductus arteriosus were noted between cases with pulmonary
      atresia or aortic atresia and normals, but not between those treated with E-type
      prostaglandins and controls.

PMID- 6591148
TI  - The syndrome of bulimia. Review and synthesis.
AB  - This comprehensive review of the syndrome of bulimia outlines treatment
      modalities including response prevention, cognitive behavioral and group
      interventions, and antidepressant pharmacotherapy. The authors propose an
      etiologic model that synthesizes available data indicating that young women who
      are at risk for developing bulimia appear to have a biologic vulnerability to
      affective instability, have family environments that are conflicted and
      disorganized, and a variety of personality traits that result in low self-esteem
      and self-regulatory difficulties.

PMID- 6591147
TI  - Prostaglandin D2 stimulates vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release into rat
      hypophysial portal blood.
AB  - The effect of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) on vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)
      release from the hypothalamus was examined by determining plasma VIP levels in
      rat hypophysial portal blood. Intraventricular injection of PGD2 (5
      micrograms/rat) caused a 3-fold increase in the concentration of plasma VIP in
      hypophysial portal blood in anesthetized rats. A PGD2 metabolite, 13,14-dihydro
      15-keto PGD2, did not affect VIP levels in portal blood. The flow rate of
      hypophysial portal blood was not changed after the injection of PGD2. The
      intraventricular injection of PGD2, but not PGD2 metabolite, resulted in an
      increase in peripheral plasma prolactin (PRL) levels in the rat. These findings
      suggest that PGD2 plays a stimulatory role in regulating VIP release from the
      hypothalamus into hypophysial portal blood and causes PRL secretion from the
      pituitary in rats.

PMID- 6591149
TI  - The interruption of bulimic behaviors. A review of three treatment programs.
AB  - This article reviews three programs for treating bulimic behaviors. Although the
      structures of these programs differ considerably, all are geared to an outpatient
      approach and stress patient education, behavioral self-monitoring, and healthy
      eating behaviors. The programs described demonstrate a heavy reliance on
      behavioral treatments including cognitive restructuring, emphasis on individual
      patient responsibility for progress in treatment, and an expectation for success
      by supportive therapists and by patients.

PMID- 6591150
TI  - The function of self-help groups in recovery from anorexia nervosa and bulimia.
AB  - This article describes the role of the self-help group in helping patients to
      recover from eating disorders. The author outlines benefits, potential problems,
      and a sample format for an eating disorders self-help group meeting. A list of
      self-help organizations is provided.

PMID- 6591151
TI  - The role of social work in a model self-help organization.
AB  - This article identifies current DSM-III criteria for anorexia nervosa and
      bulimia, discusses characteristics of the disorders, and reviews current
      interventions. The self-help practiced by a particular group is examined within
      the context of relevant literature on self-help, and the role of the social
      worker in conjunction with this model is considered. The author explores the
      future of self-help in relation to social work.

PMID- 6591152
TI  - Prolonged treatment with the specific 5-HT-uptake inhibitor citalopram: effect on
      dopaminergic and serotonergic functions.
AB  - The effect of prolonged administration of the clinically effective and specific
      serotonin (5-HT)-uptake-inhibitor, citalopram, has been studied in rats on
      behavioural measures of dopaminergic (DA) and serotonergic activity and on DA D
      2, 5-HT2, alpha 1- and beta-adrenergic receptor number and affinity in vitro.
      Thirteen days treatment with citalopram in the diet (40 mg/kg/day) did not change
      receptor binding for either of the ligands studied, although citalopram was
      detected in high concentrations in brain and plasma and induced a 75% depletion
      of 5-HT in whole blood. This citalopram dose-regimen was followed by a
      potentiated hypermotility response to d-amphetamine. Also DA-dependent
      hypermotility induced by methylphenidate and (+)-3-PPP was increased. In
      contrast, the 5-HT2-receptor mediated head shake syndrome induced by 1-5-HTP or
      quipazine was decreased after prolonged citalopram treatment. Two weeks oral
      bolus treatment (10 mg/kg once or twice daily) with the 5-HT-uptake-inhibitors
      citalopram, fluoxetine, zimelidine, cyanimipramine or paroxetine induced d
      amphetamine potentiation, whereas amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine,
      iprindole, and mianserin treatment showed no effect. It is suggested that d
      amphetamine potentiation induced by citalopram is mainly dependent on DA
      mechanisms, and that this profile is characteristic for preferential 5-HT-uptake
      inhibitors. The lack of correlation between behavioural effect and receptor
      changes was important. Since citalopram has been shown to have clinical
      antidepressant activity, it is concluded that down-regulation of beta
      adrenoceptors is not a prerequisite for antidepressant action.

PMID- 6591153
TI  - Bone tumors in children. Differential characteristics and treatment.
AB  - Recognition of benign bone tumors in children is important so that they can be
      distinguished from malignant tumors, which pose a far more significant risk.
      Treatment is relatively uncomplicated for benign lesions, but malignant tumors
      present a significant challenge to the orthopedist, medical oncologist, and
      radiotherapist. Currently, strides are being made toward improving the survival
      rate and quality of life of bone sarcoma patients. Newer diagnostic techniques,
      such as magnetic resonance imaging, and improved research techniques, such as
      flow cytometry, may lead to further understanding of the nature of these virulent
      tumors. Improvement in biomechanical designs for metallic joint implants and
      further understanding of bone transplantation biology should result in better
      functional restoration in these patients.

PMID- 6591154
TI  - [Regulation of dental articulators].

PMID- 6591155
TI  - [Elongated bridge and unilateral free ending removable dentures for molars.
      Prevention and management of protruding remaining teeth].

PMID- 6591156
TI  - [Orthodontic care in the Czech Socialist Republic. I. Dentists].

PMID- 6591157
TI  - [Experiences with the use of synthetic tissue adhesives].

PMID- 6591158
TI  - [Oral hygiene and irrigation devices].

PMID- 6591159
TI  - [Complications in the endodontic treatment of pulpless teeth with regard to the
      treatment of root canals].

PMID- 6591160
TI  - [Analysis of preventive examinations in workers in the canning and meat
      processing industries].

PMID- 6591161
TI  - [A continuous trap for dental precious metals].

PMID- 6591162
TI  - [Properties of polishable composites].

PMID- 6591163
TI  - [Treatment needs with fixed and removable orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6591164
TI  - [System of regular preventive examinations in the adult population in community
      dental facilities].

PMID- 6591165
TI  - [Effect of fluoridation of drinking water on the caries susceptibility of the
      permanent dentition in children].

PMID- 6591166
TI  - [Dental materials for prevention].

PMID- 6591167
TI  - [Dental knowledge and motivation: practical considerations].

PMID- 6591168
TI  - [Oral conditions in a group of 6-10 year-old children. Longitudinal
      epidemiological analysis].

PMID- 6591169
TI  - [Operational technics in prevention during growth].

PMID- 6591170
TI  - [Rice and dental caries: experimental contribution].

PMID- 6591172
TI  - Polysomnographic and MMPI characteristics of patients with insomnia.
AB  - This report represents the polysomnographic aspects of sleep and the
      psychological characteristics of a large series of patients with insomnia
      classified according to the diagnostic system of the Association of Sleep
      Disorders Centers. The findings for patients in the various diagnostic categories
      were compared to those of symptomatic patients with no objective findings. 9
      specific diagnoses were made, but 4 diagnoses accounted for the majority of
      patients. The 4 most prevalent were psychophysiological disorders (15%),
      psychiatric disorders (17%), nocturnal myoclonus and restless legs (18%), and no
      objective findings (19%). Patients of a sleep disorders center are a select
      population and may not be representative of the general population of patients
      with insomnia complaints. The psychological characteristics of the different
      diagnostic groups were assessed by computing the number of elevations on the
      MMPI. Patients with a psychiatric diagnosis exhibited the highest number of MMPI
      elevations, as might be expected. Patients with nocturnal myoclonus had the
      lowest number of elevations. The other groups did not significantly differ from
      the group with no objective findings. Polysomnographic measures of sleep differed
      considerably among the diagnostic groups. The groups with medical disorders,
      respiratory impairment, atypical polysomnographic features, and nocturnal
      myoclonus had similar short sleep latencies to those of the group with no
      objective findings. With longer wake times before sleep and significantly
      different from patients with no objective findings were the psychophysiological
      disorder, psychiatric disorder and drug and alcohol groups. Patients with a
      circadian rhythm disturbance had the longest latencies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6591171
TI  - [Comparative study of bacterial flora in the dental plaque of smokers and non
      smokers].

PMID- 6591173
TI  - Delayed eruption of maxillary canine teeth. Part II. Treatment.

PMID- 6591174
TI  - The treatment of hypoplastic and hypomineralised teeth.

PMID- 6591176
TI  - Dental health education and the pre-school child.

PMID- 6591175
TI  - Children and dentists: some psychological issues. Part II-- Persuasive
      communication.

PMID- 6591177
TI  - Rat apolipoprotein A-IV contains 13 tandem repetitions of a 22-amino acid segment
      with amphipathic helical potential.
AB  - Apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV is a 46,000 Mr protein that is a major component of rat
      high density lipoproteins and chylomicrons. We have isolated, from a rat
      intestinal cDNA library, a full-length apo A-IV clone of 1423 base pairs and
      determined its nucleotide sequence. The 1173-nucleotide coding region specifies a
      protein of 391 amino acids, which includes a 20-amino acid signal peptide. The
      portion of the cDNA sequence representing the mature plasma protein contains a 66
      nucleotide subsequence that is repeated at least 13 times. Although each repeated
      unit shows some sequence variation, base changes in comparably positioned codons
      generally conserve the chemical type, if not the identity, of the corresponding
      amino acids. Nine of the thirteen 22-amino acid repeat units in the derived
      protein sequence begin with proline and most of these docosapeptides are
      predicted to have a high content of alpha-helix according to Chou-Fasman rules.
      When hydration potentials of individual residues are considered, many of the
      helices are shown to be amphipathic and may thus constitute lipid-binding domains
      with the ability to activate lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase. The structure
      and organization of the repeat units of rat apo A-IV bear a striking similarity
      to a corresponding repeated sequence block in human apo A-I. This finding raises
      the possibility of close tandem linkage of the apo A-I and A-IV genes and
      suggests unequal crossing-over as a mechanism for the evolution of these genes.

PMID- 6591178
TI  - Cryospectrokinetic characterization of intermediates in biochemical reactions:
      carboxypeptidase A.
AB  - Cryospectrokinetic studies provide concurrent structural, kinetic, and chemical
      data on short-lived intermediates in the course of the interactions of enzymes
      with their substrates and of other, similar pairs of biomolecules. Subzero
      temperatures extend the lifetimes of these intermediates and, combined with rapid
      mixing and rapid-scanning instrumentation, allow simultaneous measurement of both
      their physical-chemical and kinetic characteristics. For carboxypeptidase A, the
      spectra of a chromophoric, enzymatically functional cobalt atom at the active
      site signal the structure of the coordination complex during catalysis, while
      radiationless energy transfer between enzyme tryptophans and the fluorescent
      dansyl blocking group of rapidly hydrolyzed peptide and ester substrates provides
      the basis for measurement of the rates of formation and breakdown of
      intermediates. Subzero radiationless energy transfer kinetic studies of the zinc
      and cobalt enzymes disclose two intermediates in the hydrolysis of both peptides
      and esters and furnish all the rate and equilibrium constants for the reaction
      scheme E + S in equilibrium ES1 in equilibrium ES2----E + P. The chemical and
      kinetic data indicate that neither of these is an acylenzyme intermediate. Both
      absorption and EPR spectra of the ES2 reaction intermediates consistently
      demonstrate the formation of transient metal complexes, differences between the
      effects induced by peptides and esters, and strong similarities between those
      induced by all peptides on the one hand and all esters on the other. The marked
      alterations of the cobalt spectra likely reflect the coordination of a substrate
      carboxyl and/or carbonyl group to the metal at a critical step in the course of
      catalysis. The cryospectrokinetic approach developed here in the mechanistic
      study of this metalloenzyme is applicable to the examination of transients of
      biochemical reactions in general. It will allow molecular characterization of
      previously elusive intermediates and greatly magnify the range of mechanistic
      questions that can be answered.

PMID- 6591179
TI  - Guinea pig preproinsulin gene: an evolutionary compromise?
AB  - We characterized a clone carrying the guinea pig preproinsulin gene, which, in
      contrast to other mammalian preproinsulin genes, is highly divergent in its
      regions encoding the B and A chains of mature insulin. Blot hybridization
      analysis indicates that this gene is present in only one copy in the guinea pig
      genome and that other normal or mutated preproinsulin genes do not exist in this
      animal. Moreover, the position of introns in this gene and the homology of its 3'
      flanking region to the corresponding regions of other sequenced mammalian genes
      show that it has been derived from the common mammalian stock. The rapid
      evolution of the region encoding the B and A chains can be interpreted, according
      to our sequence-divergence analysis, as due to the fixation of both neutral and
      adaptive mutations.

PMID- 6591181
TI  - Statistical mechanics of the B----Z transition of DNA: contribution of diffuse
      ionic interactions.
AB  - A theoretical framework is constructed to treat the effects of salt ions on
      polyionic structural transitions in the absence of specific ion binding. As an
      application, the salt concentration-dependent part of the free energy difference
      governing the B----ZI transition of [d(C-G) . d(C-G)]6 in 1:1 electrolytes is
      calculated; quantitative agreement with the experimental findings is obtained.
      The effects of temperature and multivalent cations are also discussed.
      Preliminary calculations indicate that the ZII conformation in solution is
      thermodynamically less favorable than ZI in the high-salt regime (2.0-5.0 M) but
      more favorable than ZI below 2.0 M salt.

PMID- 6591180
TI  - Iron-carbon bond lengths in carbonmonoxy and cyanomet complexes of the monomeric
      hemoglobin III from Chironomus thummi thummi: a critical comparison between
      resonance Raman and x-ray diffraction studies.
AB  - Soret-excited resonance Raman spectroscopy yields direct information regarding
      the iron-carbon bonding interactions in the cyanomet and carbonmonoxy complexes
      of hemoglobin III from Chironomus thummi thummi (CTT III) in solution. By isotope
      exchange in cyanide (13CN-, C15N-, and 13C15N-) and carbon monoxide (13CO, C18O,
      and 13C18O), we have assigned the Fe(III)-CN- stretching at 453 cm-1, the Fe(III)
      C-N- bending at 412 cm-1, the Fe(II)-CO stretching at 500 cm-1, the Fe(II)-C-O
      bending at 574 cm-1, and the C-O stretching at 1960 cm-1. The resonance Raman
      data, in conjunction with those obtained from heme model complexes with well
      known Fe-C bond distances, strongly suggest that the Fe(III)-CN- bond
      (approximately 1.91 A) is longer (hence weaker) than the Fe(II)-CO bond
      (approximately 1.80 A). This result disagrees with those of x-ray
      crystallographic studies [Steigemann, W. & Weber, E. (1979) J. Mol. Biol. 127,
      309-338] in which the Fe-C bond lengths were reported as 2.2 A in cyanomet and
      2.4 A in carbonmonoxy CTT III. Based on Badger's rule and normal mode
      calculations, the x-ray data would lead to the prediction of 279 cm-1 for the
      Fe(II)-CO stretching frequency in CTT III . CO, which was not observed. On the
      other hand, we estimate the Fe-CO bond as approximately equal to 1.82 A, which is
      very similar to the 1.80-A value in human Hb . CO crystals. Furthermore, we have
      used isotope shift data to estimate the Fe-C-O angle as 169 +/- 5 degrees,
      somewhat larger than the 161 degrees value found by Steigemann and Weber. We
      therefore conclude that there must be errors in the x-ray crystallographic
      refinement for the ligand geometry in carbonmonoxy and cyanomet CTT III.

PMID- 6591183
TI  - Outline of a theory of cellular heterogeneity.
AB  - In the effort to advance toward a theory of cellular function that is not
      completely mechanistic, I have encountered a variable whose significance is often
      overlooked. This is the degree of heterogeneity of organic tissue, which may vary
      from highly homogeneous conditions to quite large degrees of heterogeneity,
      primarily with respect ot chemical bonding. For several decades, I have dealt
      with the theoretical analysis of this type of problem, and here I give a
      condensed outline of the conceptual changes to which such an analysis is likely
      to lead. I believe the time is ripe to compare these theoretical arguments with
      observations. The data that occasion this note are those of Rubin [Rubin, H.
      (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 5121-5125]; they and numerous similar
      observations suggest the possibility of an advance toward a nonreductionist model
      of cellular function along lines that are here indicated; the theoretical model
      is thought of as operating entirely within the framework of quantum mechanics.

PMID- 6591182
TI  - Early origin and pervasiveness of cellular heterogeneity in some malignant
      transformations.
AB  - Nontransformed BALB/3T3 cells were passaged weekly in monolayer culture on
      plastic dishes and aliquots were regularly assayed for colony production when
      suspended in agar. During several months of passaging, a single large colony
      arose once in the agar assay, and its constituent cells were isolated to form a
      subline of transformed cells. These cells had the fusiform and rounded
      morphologies characteristic of transformed cells and had a colony-forming
      efficiency in agar (CFEag) of approximately 10%. Five of the agar colonies were
      isolated at random and the cell populations of these primary subclones were
      further analyzed. Four of the five subclonal populations differed from each other
      in appearance slightly, but consistently, while the fifth had a markedly
      different colonial morphology. They also differed from one another in CFEag as
      well as in average diameter of the agar colonies. These general differences among
      the five subclones remained, although the CFEag and colony sizes changed
      recognizably in repeated weekly transfers. All of the subclones produced sarcomas
      in nude mice but did so at different rates. A secondary generation of five
      subclones was derived from each of three of the original subclonal populations.
      All the secondary subclones had the same morphology as the primary subclones from
      which they were derived. The averages of the CFEag and colony sizes of the
      secondary subclones from each of the subclones differed as a group from the other
      groups, but they also differed, to a lesser extent, among themselves. Despite the
      differences noted among the primary subclones in morphology, growth in agar, and
      tumor production in mice, they were virtually identical in their rapid growth
      rate on a plastic surface and all shared a high rate of glucose consumption. A
      second transformed clone arose among the continuously passaged nontransformed
      cells 5 months after the first one had appeared. Subclones of this clone did not
      differ recognizably from one another in morphology or in CFEag. The results
      indicate that recognizable heterogeneity can arise in some tumors during the
      earliest stages of their development and involve a high proportion of their
      constituent cells, while it may not become evident in other tumors until much
      later.

PMID- 6591184
TI  - Abnormal collagen metabolism in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with
      Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
AB  - Total collagen synthesis is decreased by about 29% (P less than 0.01) in skin
      fibroblasts established in vitro from male patients with Duchenne muscular
      dystrophy (DMD) as compared with that in normal male skin fibroblasts in vitro.
      The reduction in collagen synthesis is associated with an approximately 2-fold
      increase in collagen degradation in DMD fibroblasts. Correlated to these
      alterations in the metabolism of collagen, DMD fibroblasts express a
      significantly higher hydroxyproline/proline ratio (DMD: 1.36-1.45; P less than
      0.01) than do normal fibroblasts (controls: 0.86-0.89). The increased
      hydroxylation of proline residues of collagen (composed of type I and type III)
      could be the cause for the enhanced degradation of collagen in DMD fibroblasts.

PMID- 6591185
TI  - Isolation of HLA locus-specific DNA probes from the 3'-untranslated region.
AB  - When human class I cDNA clones containing coding sequences are used to probe
      genomic DNA, 15-20 fragments, each containing a complete class I gene or
      pseudogene, are seen. Identification of which genomic DNA segments encode the HLA
      A and -B antigens has to date required transfection of mouse L cells with cloned
      class I genes or analysis of HLA loss mutants. In this report we show that under
      high-stringency conditions, probes constructed from the 3'-untranslated region
      can be used to specifically identify the segments of DNA that encode the HLA-A
      and -B antigens in the human lymphoblastoid cell line 721. Examination of DNA
      from unrelated individuals indicates that these probes are locus specific and
      will permit identification of HLA-A and -B genes in the population.

PMID- 6591187
TI  - Sharpening radiographs.
AB  - This article describes a method for clarifying and sharpening radiographs. The
      method uses convolution with a computed tomography reconstruction kernel and a
      noise elimination procedure to control the noise amplification of the
      convolution. The effect is to flatten global variations and to sharpen and
      magnify local variations. Examples from industry and medicine are included.

PMID- 6591186
TI  - Identity of hepatic membrane transport systems for bile salts, phalloidin, and
      antamanide by photoaffinity labeling.
AB  - Phalloidin, a bicyclic heptapeptide, and antamanide, a monocyclic decapeptide
      from the poisonous mushroom Amanita phalloides, interact with bile-salt-binding
      polypeptides of the hepatocyte membrane, as demonstrated by photoaffinity
      labeling using the photolabile bile salt derivative 7,7,-azo-3 alpha, 12 alpha
      dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid, either unconjugated or taurine conjugated.
      With the photolabile derivatives of phalloidin, N-delta-(4-[(1-azi-2,2,2
      trifluoroethyl) benzoyl]-beta-alanyl)-delta-aminophalloin, (N epsilon-[4-(1-azi
      2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)benzoyl]lys6)-anta manide, the same membrane polypeptides
      with apparent MrS of 54,000 and 48,000 were labeled as with the photolabile
      derivatives of unconjugated and conjugated bile salts. The presence of bile salts
      decreased markedly the extent of labeling of these phalloidin- and antamanide
      binding polypeptides. These results indicate that hepatic uptake systems for bile
      salts, phallotoxins, and the cycloamanide antamanide are identical, thus
      explaining the organotropism of phallotoxins.

PMID- 6591188
TI  - Detection of a pancreatic cancer-associated antigen (DU-PAN-2 antigen) in serum
      and ascites of patients with adenocarcinoma.
AB  - A competition radioimmunoassay was developed, utilizing a murine monoclonal
      antibody to human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. Immunoblotting of a standard
      antigen preparation from either serum or ascites fluid after electrophoresis in
      1% agarose showed that the specific DU-PAN-2 activity resided in two major high
      molecular weight bands. DU-PAN-2 antigen levels were expressed as arbitrary units
      based on a standard partially purified antigen preparation. The inhibition curve
      with standard antigen was reproducible (SD less than 10%) and essentially linear
      from 25 to 200 units/ml. The mean DU-PAN-2 antigen concentration for the sera
      from 126 normal individuals was 81 units/ml. Sera from pediatric patients with
      malignancy had a mean of 127 units/ml, while nasopharyngeal, stage III melanoma,
      and ovarian carcinoma patients had means of 89, 92, and 119 units/ml,
      respectively. All values in normal subjects as well as the melanoma,
      nasopharyngeal, ovarian, and pediatric cancer patients were less than 400
      units/ml. Intermediate antigen levels were detected in patients with alimentary
      tract malignancies. Eight of 20 gastric cancer and 8 of 76 colorectal carcinoma
      patients and 3 patients with benign or nonmalignant gastrointestinal tract
      disease had DU-PAN-2 values exceeding 400 units/ml. Ascites fluids from 6/6 and
      pancreatic juice from 2/2 pancreatic cancer patients had values greater than 750
      units/ml. Serum from 68% of the 89 pancreatic cancer patients tested had DU-PAN-2
      antigen levels greater than 400 units/ml. The mean serum value in this patient
      population was 4888 units/ml.

PMID- 6591189
TI  - Cross-reactions of polysaccharides of fungi, molds, and yeasts in anti
      pneumococcal and other antisera.
AB  - Cross-reactions of a number of glycans and polysaccharides isolated from fungi,
      molds, and yeasts in anti-pneumococcal and other antisera are tabulated and
      discussed insofar as possible with relation to the chemical structures of the
      cross-precipitating substances and the polysaccharidic antigens giving rise to
      the reactive antibodies. For example, the slime of Physarum polycephalum
      precipitated antisera to pneumococcal type 4 and Klebsiella type K1. The
      polysaccharides of type 4 and K1 contain pyruvic acid in acetal linkage on
      hydroxyls 2 and 3 of sugars. Therefore, pyruvic acid was looked for and found in
      Physarum slime. Numerous other relations between chemical structure and
      immunological specificity are given.

PMID- 6591190
TI  - Seasonal aggression independent of seasonal testosterone in wood rats.
AB  - Levels of inter-male aggression, both in laboratory encounters and in the field,
      rise dramatically during the breeding season, closely paralleling the seasonal
      rise in testosterone. However, post-pubertally castrated males also show the
      dramatic seasonal rise in aggression in laboratory encounters with castrated
      opponents and show no decrement in fighting ability when paired with intact
      opponents, clearly demonstrating the independence of seasonal aggression from the
      proximate modulating effects of testosterone in wood rats.

PMID- 6591191
TI  - Racemization of aspartic acid and phenylalanine in the sweetener aspartame at 100
      degrees C.
AB  - The racemization half-lives (i.e., the time required to reach a D/L = 0.33) at pH
      6.8 for aspartic acid and phenylalanine in the sweetener aspartame (L-aspartyl-L
      phenylalanine methyl ester) were determined to be 13 and 23 hours, respectively,
      at 100 degrees C. Racemization at this pH does not occur in aspartame but rather
      in its diketopiperazine decomposition product. Our results indicate that the use
      of aspartame to sweeten neutral pH foods and beverages that are then heated at
      elevated temperature could generate D-aspartic acid and D-phenylalanine. The
      nutritive consequences of these D-amino acids in the human diet are not well
      established, and thus aspartame should probably not be used as a sweetener when
      the exposure of neutral pH foods and beverages to elevated temperatures is
      required. At pH 4, a typical pH of most foods and beverages that might be
      sweetened with aspartame, the half-lives are 47 hours for aspartic acid and 1200
      hours for phenylalanine at 100 degrees C. Racemization at pH 4 takes place in
      aspartame itself. Although the racemization rates at pH 4 are slow and no
      appreciable racemization of aspartic acid and phenylalanine should occur during
      the normal use of aspartame, some food and beverage components could conceivably
      act as catalysts. Additional studies are required to evaluate whether the use of
      aspartame as a sugar substitute might not in turn result in an increased human
      consumption of D-aspartic acid and D-phenylalanine.

PMID- 6591192
TI  - Vasopressin gene is expressed at low levels in the hypothalamus of the
      Brattleboro rat.
AB  - The Brattleboro rat carries as a recessive trait the inability to synthesize
      hypothalamic vasopressin and its related neurophysin but is able to synthesize
      oxytocin and its neurophysin. Brattleboro rats homozygous for this trait have no
      immunologically detectable circulating vasopressin and manifest a complete
      syndrome of diabetes insipidus, which is corrected with vasopressin replacement
      therapy. Such a defect could be due to absence of the gene encoding vasopressin,
      the presence of an abnormal gene, or a variety of transcriptional or
      posttranscriptional abnormalities. We report here that the hypothalamus of the
      Brattleboro rat contains detectable, although markedly reduced, levels of an mRNA
      indistinguishable in size with and similar in sequence to authentic vasopressin
      mRNA. Corresponding levels of oxytocin mRNA were the same in Brattleboro and
      normal rat hypothalami. These findings indicate that the Brattleboro rat
      expresses a vasopressin gene, but at a reduced level.

PMID- 6591193
TI  - Sulfation of lutropin oligosaccharides with a cell-free system.
AB  - Sulfate is covalently linked to the oligosaccharides on the alpha and beta
      subunits of bovine lutropin (luteinizing hormone; LH) but not to those on human
      chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Since the amino acid sequences of the pituitary and
      placental alpha subunits are homologous, comparison of their asparagine-linked
      sugars can provide information regarding tissue specificity of oligosaccharide
      maturation. To characterize this post-translational modification, we have
      developed a reconstituted cell-free sulfation system. Sulfate is incorporated
      into exogenously added glycoproteins by sulfotransferases from Triton X-100-lysed
      Golgi membranes in the presence of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phospho[35S]sulfate,
      which is generated from [35S]sulfate by a ribosome-free supernate from Krebs
      ascites tumor cells. LH is sulfated by pituitary and liver membranes but not by
      those from placenta. Desialylated hCG (AshCG) is sulfated by membranes from
      placenta and pituitary, but not liver, while hCG is not sulfated by any of these
      membranes. Endoglycosidase F releases all the incorporated sulfate from LH in the
      form of a heterogeneous mixture of mono- and disulfated oligosaccharides. In
      contrast, the sulfate added to AshCG is apparently attached to peptide rather
      than oligosaccharide. As found with the cell-free system, sulfate metabolically
      incorporated into LH by pituitary cells is present on a heterogeneous population
      of mono- and disulfated oligosaccharides. Thus the cell-free sulfation system
      accurately duplicates the in vivo process.

PMID- 6591194
TI  - Isolation and partial molecular characterization of pituitary fibroblast growth
      factor.
AB  - Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) has been purified to homogeneity from bovine
      pituitaries by two methods. Starting material for both methods was an FGF
      preparation partially purified as described by Gospodarowicz [Gospodarowicz, D.
      (1975) J. Biol. Chem. 250, 2515-2520]. Purification procedure I involved cation
      exchange and reversed-phase HPLC, while procedure II employed gel filtration and
      ion-exchange chromatography. Isolation was monitored by testing column fractions
      for their capacity to stimulate the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells
      in vitro. The growth factor has an approximate molecular weight of 16,000. Its
      amino-terminal sequence was determined as Pro-Ala-Leu-Pro-Glu-Asp-Gly-Gly-Ser-Gly
      Ala-Phe-Pro-Pro-Gly. Sequence and amino acid composition indicate that the
      structure of pituitary FGF is different from that of other known growth factors.
      Pituitary FGF, as isolated under nonacidic conditions (procedure II), has high
      potency and intrinsic activity to stimulate adult bovine aortic endothelial cells
      (half-maximal proliferation at 2 pM). Acidic conditions as in procedure I,
      however, lead to about 90% loss of potency while the intrinsic activity remains
      intact (identical maximal stimulation values). By all other criteria (molecular
      weight, amino acid composition, amino-terminal sequence), the two preparations
      are indistinguishable. Antibodies were raised in rabbits against a synthetic
      peptide representing the first nine residues of the amino-terminal sequence of
      the pituitary FGF. The polyclonal antibodies recognize the synthetic peptide and
      the purified growth factor on an equimolar basis and are capable of inhibiting
      mitogenic activity in vitro. This report describes a partial chemical
      characterization of a pituitary FGF and demonstrates rigorously that the
      characterized protein possesses the mitogenic activity commonly referred to as
      "basic pituitary FGF."

PMID- 6591195
TI  - Protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocytes: a study of the mechanism of action of
      the protein factor RF that reverses protein synthesis inhibition in heme
      deficient reticulocyte lysates.
AB  - A eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2)-ancillary protein factor Co-eIF-2
      promotes displacement of GDP from eIF-2 X GDP and facilitates ternary complex
      (Met-tRNAf X eIF-2 X GTP) formation in the presence of Mg2+. Heme-regulated
      protein synthesis inhibitor, HRI, phosphorylates the alpha-subunit of eIF-2 and
      thus inhibits ternary complex formation as Co-eIF-2 does not displace GDP from
      eIF-2 alpha (P) X GDP. RF, a high molecular weight cell supernatant factor,
      reverses protein synthesis inhibition in heme-deficient reticulocyte lysates and
      also reverses HRI inhibition of ternary complex formation. RF contains Co-eIF-2
      activity. In addition, an active RF preparation contains excess alpha-subunit of
      eIF-2 in the free and unphosphorylated form and this alpha-subunit of eIF-2 is
      not phosphorylated by HRI and ATP. In this paper we report (i) an active RF
      preparation contains excess alpha-subunit of eIF-2 and this alpha-subunit can be
      phosphorylated by HRI and ATP in the presence of GDP; (ii) RF promotes ternary
      complex formation by eIF-2 X [3H]GDP with accompanying GDP displacement; (iii) in
      the presence of HRI and ATP, RF promotes ternary complex formation by eIF-2 X
      [3H]GDP without accompanying GDP displacement; (iv) in the presence of HRI and
      ATP, the ternary complex formed using RF is active in Met-tRNAf X 40S initiation
      complex formation; (v) both the ternary complex and the Met-tRNAf X 40S complex
      formation in the presence of HRI and ATP are completely inhibited by prior
      incubation of RF with GDP; (vi) upon further fractionation of an active RF
      fraction, a preparation can be obtained that contains HRI-sensitive Co-eIF-2
      activity. However, this preparation does not efficiently reverse protein
      synthesis inhibition in heme-deficient reticulocyte lysates and does not contain
      excess alpha-subunit of eIF-2. Based on these observations, we have suggested (a)
      RF provides the unphosphorylated alpha-subunit to eIF-2 alpha (P) X GDP and
      restores eIF-2 activity. This RF activity is inhibited as the alpha-subunit in
      the RF preparation becomes phosphorylated by HRI and ATP in the presence of GDP;
      (b) RF contains Co-eIF-2 activity, which has dual functions: (i) stimulation of
      ternary complex formation by eIF-2 and (ii) GDP displacement from eIF-2 X GDP
      during ternary complex formation. In the presence of HRI and ATP, Co-eIF-2 but
      does not displace GDP from eIF-2 alpha(P) X GDP.

PMID- 6591196
TI  - Reconstitution of purified halorhodopsin.
AB  - Asolectin lipid vesicles containing halorhodopsin show light-induced
      acidification in the presence of proton ionophores. This effect is abolished by
      triphenyltin chloride, a chloride/hydroxyl antiporter, and is greatly diminished
      by valinomycin in the presence of potassium ions, which collapse the membrane
      potential. This indicates that halorhodopsin orients in the lipid vesicles
      preferentially inside out, pumping chloride into the extravesicular compartment.
      The absorption maximum of halorhodopsin in asolectin vesicles in 3 M NaCl is at
      567 nm, and the action spectrum for the light-induced pH changes followed closely
      the absorption spectrum. Replacement of chloride by acetate or sulfate causes a
      shift in the absorption maximum to approximately equal to 559 nm and renders the
      pump inactive. The different photocycles of the two forms were used to show that
      80% of the molecules have the extracellular side exposed to the vesicle interior
      and that the halide-binding site(s) associated with the spectral transition is
      accessible from the extracellular side of the molecule. The data presented
      demonstrate that the purified chromoprotein is the light-driven chloride pump in
      Halobacterium halobium.

PMID- 6591197
TI  - Stability of "salt bridges" in membrane proteins.
AB  - We estimate the free energies of transfer of ionized amino acid side chains in
      water to both their ion-paired and neutral hydrogen-bonded states in low
      dielectric media. The difference between the two free energies corresponds to the
      proton transfer free energy in a "salt bridge" formed between acidic and basic
      groups (i.e., lysine and glutamic acid residues). Our approach is to use gas
      phase proton transfer data, pK values, and experimentally determined solvation
      energies to estimate the standard state free energy changes involved in
      transferring amino acid side chains, in both ionized and neutral form, from water
      (dielectric constant epsilon = 80) to vacuum (epsilon = 1). The familiar
      expressions for the charging energy of a sphere and dipole are used to
      interpolate between epsilon = 1 and epsilon = 80. Our results suggest that it
      costs approximately 10-16 kcal/mol to transfer a salt bridge from water to a
      medium of epsilon = 2-4, in ionized or neutral form within the resolution of our
      estimates. The proton transfer energy is thus approximately 0. The tendency of
      salt bridges to form additional hydrogen bonds in real proteins suggests that the
      ion pair will be present in most biological systems.

PMID- 6591198
TI  - Magnetic susceptibility of oxy- and carbonmonoxyhemoglobins.
AB  - The room temperature magnetic susceptibilities of human and carp oxy- and
      carbonmonoxyhemoglobin solutions were measured in a 30-gauss (1 G = 10(-4) T)
      field with a superconducting magnetometer. To within experimental uncertainty,
      the susceptibility was the same for both the oxy and carbonmonoxy forms, and salt
      concentration did not effect it. A variety of sample preparations were used; the
      iron chemical state was verified by Mossbauer spectroscopy. A value of -0.580 +/-
      0.010 X 10(-6) centimeter-gram-second (cgs) system was obtained for the mass
      susceptibility of the protein. We attribute the paramagnetism sometimes observed
      in oxyhemoglobin solutions to the presence of a small amount of the deoxy form.

PMID- 6591200
TI  - Isolation of immortal cell lines from the first stage of murine leukemia virus
      induced leukemia.
AB  - Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) is a replication-competent retrovirus that
      induces a rapidly fetal leukemia in susceptible mice (stage I disease). Leukemia
      cells obtained from these animals do not grow in cell culture using standard
      tissue culture conditions. However, in the presence of WEHI-3 cell-conditioned
      medium (CM), 100% of spleen or bone marrow explants from diseased mice yield
      immortal cell lines. These cell lines exhibit the same growth properties, produce
      the same viruses, and express the same oncogenes as the leukemia cells found in
      mice with stage I disease. No cell lines were obtained from leukemic mice in the
      absence of CM. No cell lines were obtained from uninfected adult, newborn, or
      phenylhydrazine-treated animals with or without CM. We conclude that some of the
      hematopoietic cells in F-MuLV-diseased mice will proliferate indefinitely in the
      presence of CM. The development of this abnormal response to CM is one of the
      early changes associated with F-MuLV-induced leukemia.

PMID- 6591199
TI  - Serum-free growth of human mammary epithelial cells: rapid clonal growth in
      defined medium and extended serial passage with pituitary extract.
AB  - A serum-free medium with bovine pituitary extract as the only undefined
      supplement has been developed for long-term culture of human mammary epithelial
      cells. This medium supports serial subculture of normal cells for 10-20 passages
      (1:10 splits) without conditioning or special substrates, and it supports rapid
      clonal growth with plating efficiencies up to 35%. It consists of an optimized
      basal nutrient medium, MCDB 170, supplemented with insulin, hydrocortisone,
      epidermal growth factor, ethanolamine, phosphoethanolamine, and bovine pituitary
      extract. Replacement of pituitary extract with prostaglandin E1 and ovine
      prolactin yields a defined medium that supports rapid clonal growth and serial
      subculture for three or four passages. Cultures initiated in these media from
      normal reduction mammoplasty tissue remain diploid and maintain normal epithelial
      morphology, distribution of cell-associated fibronectin, expression of keratin
      fibrils, and a low level of expression of milk fat globule antigen. Large cell
      populations can now be generated and stored frozen, permitting multiple
      experiments over a period of time with cells from a single donor. These media
      greatly extend the range of experiments that can be performed both conveniently
      and reproducibly with cultured normal and tumor-derived human mammary epithelial
      cells.

PMID- 6591201
TI  - Biochemical and physiological correlates of deer mouse alpha-chain hemoglobin
      polymorphisms.
AB  - The alpha-hemoglobin chains in adult deer mice are usually encoded by two tightly
      linked loci. Because of strong linkage disequilibrium, almost all alpha-globin
      haplotypes fall into just two classes. The a0c0 class predominates in high
      altitude populations, whereas the a1c1 class is generally fixed in low-altitude
      populations. Here we show that the alpha-globin genotype has effects at both the
      biochemical level [on blood oxygen affinity (P50)]and at the level of whole
      animal physiology [on maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max) during both
      exercise and cold exposure]. The a1c1/a1c1 genotype mice have the highest P50
      values and show the highest Vo2max values at low altitude (340 m) but the lowest
      VO2max values at high altitude (3800 m). The a0c0/a0c0 mice have the lowest P50,
      and show the highest VO2max at high altitude but usually have the lowest VO2max
      at low altitude. The a0c0/a1c1 heterozygotes have an intermediate P50 and are
      generally intermediate in VO2max at both altitudes. Since high VO2max is
      advantageous for aerobic exercise and thermogenesis, the physiological data
      provide a potential explanation for the correlation of haplotype frequencies with
      altitude.

PMID- 6591202
TI  - Failure to demonstrate mutations affecting protein structure or function in
      children with congenital defects or born prematurely.
AB  - An effort has been made to confirm the report [Dubinin, N. P. & Altukhov, Y. P.
      (1979) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 5226-5229] that children born prematurely
      or exhibiting congenital defects can be shown to exhibit relatively high
      frequencies of rare (nonpolymorphic) electrophoretic variants of proteins and
      that a large proportion of these variants are due to mutation in either the
      father or the mother. In a series of 178 children who were comparable with those
      described in the earlier report, we failed to encounter a high frequency of these
      variants in some 5341 determinations involving 45 proteins, nor were any
      mutations observed. Data from 1583 determinations of enzyme activity on a subset
      of the panel of proteins were also unremarkable. We are thus unable to confirm
      the earlier report.

PMID- 6591203
TI  - Liposomes as targets for granule cytolysin from cytotoxic large granular
      lymphocyte tumors.
AB  - Purified cytoplasmic granules from rat large granular lymphocyte tumors having
      natural killer activity and/or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
      induced a rapid, dose-dependent release of the water-soluble marker
      carboxyfluorescein from liposomes made of phosphatidylcholine. A solubilized,
      partially purified cytolytic preparation termed "cytolysin" from these granules
      showed identical properties. Marker release induced by granules or the cytolysin
      was strongly dependent on the presence of Ca2+ at a concentration of 0.1 mM or
      higher in the medium; Ca2+ could be replaced by higher concentration of Sr2+ but
      not by Ba2+ or by Mg2+. These properties strikingly parallel the lytic effects
      that granules and granule cytolysin exert on cells. Marker release from liposomes
      was stopped instantaneously when an excess of EGTA was added to the medium. The
      remaining carboxyfluorescein inside the liposomes was present at the original
      internal concentration, indicating that marker release was all-or-none from
      individual liposomes. Liposomes comprised of lipid in the solid phase released
      marker more slowly than did comparable liposomes containing fluid-phase lipids.
      Variation of the lipid headgroup had only minor effects on the cytolysin-induced
      marker release. Electron microscopy of liposomes exposed to cytolysin in the
      presence of Ca2+ showed cylindrical structures of 15-nm diameter inserted into
      the membrane concomitant with the penetration of negative stain into the
      liposome. These properties of large granular lymphocyte granule cytolysin
      strongly suggest that it operates through a mechanism similar to the membrane
      attack of complement.

PMID- 6591205
TI  - Isolation and primary structure of two peptides with cardioacceleratory and
      hyperglycemic activity from the corpora cardiaca of Periplaneta americana.
AB  - Two cardioacceleratory peptides from the corpora cardiaca of Periplaneta
      americana have been purified by gel filtration and reversed-phase liquid
      chromatography, Based on analysis of the intact factors and their chymotryptic
      fragments, we have assigned the primary structure of these octapeptides as pGlu
      Val-Asn-Phe-Ser-Pro-Asn-Trp-NH2, designated periplanetin CC-1, and pGlu-Leu-Thr
      Phe-Thr-Pro-Asn-Trp-NH2, designated periplanetin CC-2. They represent new members
      of a family of invertebrate peptides that includes locust adipokinetic hormone
      and crustacean red-pigment concentrating hormone. Both peptides show adipokinetic
      activity in grasshoppers and hyperglycemic activity in cockroaches. One of these
      peptides (CC-2) has provocative sequence homology with the NH2-terminal portion
      of glucagon.

PMID- 6591206
TI  - Activity and the control of ganglion cell death in the rat retina.
AB  - In newborn rats each retina projects principally to the contralateral superior
      colliculus, but there is also a sparse projection to the whole of the ipsilateral
      superior colliculus. During the first 2 weeks postnatally the ipsilateral
      projection normally becomes restricted to the rostromedial part of the superior
      colliculus. The restriction of this projection is due to the preferential death
      of ipsilaterally projecting retinal ganglion cells and is apparently the result
      of competition between optic fibers from the two eyes, since it can be prevented
      by enucleation of the opposite eye at birth. To determine if electrical activity
      plays a role in the normal restriction of the ipsilateral retinocollicular
      projection, the sodium channel-blocking agent tetrodotoxin was administered to
      one or both eyes during the first 2 weeks postnatally. Tetrodotoxin blockade of
      activity in one eye resulted in the persistence of a sparse projection from the
      opposite eye throughout the ipsilateral superior colliculus and the survival of a
      substantial number of the ipsilaterally projecting retinal ganglion cells in that
      eye that would normally have died. When both eyes were treated with tetrodotoxin
      no restriction of the ipsilateral projection was seen on either side. These
      findings suggest that the competition between retinal ganglion cell axons (either
      for terminal space or an essential trophic factor), which normally leads to
      retinal ganglion cell death and the restriction of the ipsilateral
      retinocollicular projection, is mediated in some way by electrical activity.

PMID- 6591204
TI  - Role of apolipoprotein E in the lipolytic conversion of beta-very low density
      lipoproteins to low density lipoproteins in type III hyperlipoproteinemia.
AB  - The beta-very low density lipoproteins (beta-VLDL) that accumulate in type III
      hyperlipoproteinemic subjects can be divided into two fractions (fraction I and
      fraction II), which differ in size, lipid composition, and the type of
      apolipoprotein B (apo-B) present in the particles. The apo-B48-containing
      particles (fraction I) are of intestinal origin, while apo-B100-containing
      particles (fraction II) are derived from the liver. Both fractions contain a
      defective form of apo-E referred to as apo-E2. Intravenous infusion of heparin
      into two subjects with type III hyperlipoproteinemia resulted in the complete
      removal of fraction II particles from density less than 1.006 g/ml, while
      fraction I particles remained at this density. In vitro studies confirmed that
      fraction I particles did not change density when subjected to hydrolysis with
      lipoprotein lipase, while fraction II particles shifted to the intermediate
      density lipoprotein range (approximately equal to 1.02 g/ml). When the beta-VLDL
      were hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase in the presence of density greater than
      1.21 g/ml lipoprotein-deficient plasma, the addition of normal apo-E (apo-E3),
      but not apo-E2, resulted in a shift of fraction II particles to the low density
      lipoprotein (LDL) range (approximately equal to 1.05 g/ml). Fraction I particles
      did not undergo a shift to this higher density, supporting previous observations
      that apo-B48-containing particles are not converted to LDL. The demonstration
      that apo-B100-containing particles in type III hyperlipoproteinemic subjects
      could be converted to particles with the density of LDL suggests that apo-E plays
      a role in the normal conversion of VLDL to LDL. The mutant form of apo-E (apo-E2)
      found in the beta-VLDL from type III hyperlipoproteinemic subjects appears to
      impede this conversion, whereas the addition of normal apo-E (apo-E3) allows the
      processing to occur.

PMID- 6591207
TI  - Adenosine strongly potentiates pressor responses to nicotine in rats.
AB  - Intravenous infusion of subhypotensive doses of adenosine strongly potentiates
      the pressor response of anesthetized rats to nicotine. A dose of nicotine (40
      micrograms/kg, i.v.), which, given alone, elicits a peak increase in diastolic
      pressure of approximately equal to 15 mm Hg, increases pressure by approximately
      equal to 70 mm Hg when arterial plasma adenosine levels have been increased to 2
      microM from a basal concentration of approximately equal to 1 microM. The pressor
      response to cigarette smoke applied to the lungs is also strongly potentiated
      during infusion of adenosine. Slightly higher adenosine concentrations
      (approximately equal to 4 microM) attenuate pressor responses to electrical
      stimulation of preganglionic sympathetic nerves, or to injections of the alpha
      adrenergic agonist phenylephrine, but continue to potentiate pressor responses to
      nicotine. Low doses (0.25-5 micrograms/kg) of the synthetic adenosine receptor
      agonists 5'-N-cyclopropylcarboxamidoadenosine, 2-chloroadenosine, and N6-L
      phenylisopropyladenosine also potentiate pressor responses to nicotine. Caffeine
      and theophylline (10 mg/kg) block the potentiating effect of adenosine, and also
      decrease basal responses to nicotine, suggesting that endogenous adenosine might
      normally potentiate some nicotine responses. The synergism between nicotine and
      adenosine appears to take place within sympathetic ganglia.

PMID- 6591208
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
      in rat brain.
AB  - Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM kinase II) is a prominent
      enzyme in mammalian brain capable of phosphorylating a variety of substrate
      proteins. In the present investigation, the subcellular and regional distribution
      of CaM kinase II has been studied by light and electron microscopic
      immunocytochemistry using an antibody that recognizes the Mr 50,000 and
      60,000/58,000 subunits of the enzyme. Light microscopy demonstrates strong
      immunoreactivity in neuronal somata and dendrites and weak immunoreactivity in
      axons. Electron microscopy, in addition to confirming light microscopic
      observations, reveals moderate immunoreactivity in spines and weak
      immunoreactivity in nerve terminals. An accumulation of immunoreaction product is
      also present on postsynaptic densities. The presence of CaM kinase II in diverse
      structures throughout the neuron supports the view that this enzyme may be
      involved in mediating a variety of calcium-dependent physiological processes. CaM
      kinase II immunoreactivity is present in neurons throughout the brain, but a
      marked regional variation in the strength of the immunoreactivity exists.
      Overall, there is a gradient of staining intensity with the strongest
      immunoreactivity in the telencephalon and the weakest in the myelencephalon. The
      most heavily labeled regions of the telencephalon are the hippocampal formation,
      lateral septum, cortical regions, neostriatum, and amygdaloid complex.

PMID- 6591210
TI  - Standards for hospice care: a JCAH hospice project overview.

PMID- 6591211
TI  - Prostaglandins and mutagenesis: modification of phenytoin induced genetic damage
      by prostaglandins in lymphocyte cultures.
AB  - Diphenylhydantoin (DPH) is known to cause genetic damage both in vivo and in
      vitro. We investigated the effect of prostaglandin E1, E2 and F2 alpha on DPH
      induced chromosomal aberrations in lymphocyte cultures in vitro. Prostaglandin E1
      prevented and/or reversed DPH induced chromosomal aberrations, whereas PGE2 and
      PGF2 alpha were without inhibitory action. In fact, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha
      themselves induced genetic damage comparable to that of DPH, suggesting that PGE2
      and PGF2 alpha are mutagenic in nature whereas PGE1 has anti-mutagenic
      properties. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that an altered
      prostaglandin system could be involved in mutagenesis.

PMID- 6591209
TI  - Heterogeneity of microtubule-associated protein 2 during rat brain development.
AB  - The electrophoretic pattern of the large microtubule-associated protein, MAP2,
      changes during rat brain development. Immunoblots of NaDodSO4 extracts obtained
      from the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and thalamus at 10-15 days after birth
      reveal only a single electrophoretic species when probed with any of three MAP2
      monoclonal antibodies. By contrast, adult MAP2 contains two immunoreactive
      species, MAP2a and MAP2b. The single band of MAP2 from immature brain
      electrophoretically comigrates with adult MAP2b. Between postnatal days 17 and
      18, immature MAP2 simultaneously resolves into two species in both the cerebellum
      and cerebral cortex. Immunoblots of NaDodSO4 extracts from spinal cord
      demonstrate the adult complement of MAP2 by day 10, indicating that MAP2 does not
      change coordinately throughout the entire central nervous system. In vitro cAMP
      dependent phosphorylation of immature MAP2 causes a band split reminiscent of
      that seen during brain development in vivo. The possibility that the
      developmentally regulated changes observed in MAP2 during brain maturation are
      due to timed phosphorylation events is discussed.

PMID- 6591212
TI  - The effect of surgical stress on plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha concentrations in
      laparotomized patients under general anesthesia.
AB  - Plasma concentrations of a stable metabolite of prostacyclin, 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha,
      were measured in twenty-three adult patients who received abdominal surgery.
      Comparisons were made of plasma 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha levels and blood pressure
      between younger (under 35 years old) and senior (over 65 years old) patients. In
      the preanesthetic and anesthetic period before surgery, the undetectable levels
      in plasma 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha were unchanged in both groups. Plasma 6-Keto-PGF1
      alpha concentration increased significantly to the same levels in both groups at
      the beginning of surgery. It remained at a high level through the surgery period
      in the younger group, but decreased to the preanesthetic period level in the
      senior group. Systolic blood pressure increased significantly during surgery in
      the senior group but not in the younger group. There is no doubt that surgical
      stress is a potent stimulus for prostacyclin formation.

PMID- 6591213
TI  - Sex hormones and the motility of and prostaglandin output from, uterine horns of
      immature rats.
AB  - The effects of injecting estradiol, progesterone or both hormones to immature
      rats, on the spontaneous contractions of isolated uterine horns and on
      prostaglandin (PG) E and F-like materials released into the bathing medium, were
      studied. The in vitro contractile decrement detected both in controls as well as
      in the group receiving progesterone (P4) alone, was only minor. On the other
      hand, preparations from rats treated with 17-beta-estradiol (E2) exhibited a
      significant and progressive reduction of spontaneous motility. Coincident with
      these smaller contractions a significant diminution of PGE-output accompanied by
      an enhancement of the release of PGF-like material into the suspending solution,
      were found. The initial (postisolation) isometric developed tension (IDT) of
      uterine preparations from immature rats injected with sex hormones was
      significantly higher than that of tissues from untreated control animals. Neither
      the initial contractile frequency (CF) nor its constancy changed following
      hormonal treatment (E2 or P4), except in the case of uteri from animals treatment
      (E2 or P4), except in the case of uteri from animals administered with P4, which
      showed a smaller decrement of CF than controls. Furthermore, tissue preparations
      obtained from animals injected with P4 released into the bathing media similar
      amounts of PGE-like material as controls, but significantly more PGF. It is
      interesting that the injection of E2 plus P4 increased the output of PGE-like
      material but did not modify that of PGE i. e., the depressive effect of estradiol
      on the release of PGE into the bathing media was abolished by the administration
      of P4. On the other hand, the addition of indomethacin or acetylsalicylic acid to
      the bath solution reduced significantly contractions of uterine horns isolated
      from immature animals. The foregoing results, supporting our previous findings on
      the effect of P4 on PGF release from the rat uterus, are in keeping with the
      hypothesis holding that better spontaneous motility correlates well with a
      greater release of PGE and that E2 injection coincides with a depression of both
      PGE output and myometrial contractions.

PMID- 6591214
TI  - Cytoprotective and antisecretory effects of 11-deoxy-13,14-didehydro-16(s)-methyl
      PGE2 methylester (FCE 20700).
AB  - A new, chemically stable analogue of PGE2, 11-deoxy-13,14-didehydro-16(S)-methyl
      PGE2 methylester (FCE 20700) was studied for the prevention of different
      gastrointestinal ulcers and for the inhibition of basal gastric acid secretion in
      the rat. The diarrhoea-inducing activity was also investigated. FCE 20700 was
      more potent than PGE2 in the prevention of stress-induced gastric ulcers (ED50 =
      262 and 787 mcg/kg) and indomethacin-induced intestinal ulcers (ED50 = 557 and
      4569 mcg/kg), and showed the same potency as PGE2 in the prevention of ethanol
      (ED50 = 9.2 and 14.8 mcg/kg) and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers (ED50 = 37.8
      and 22.3 mcg/kg). FCE 20700 weakly affects gastric acid secretion with an ED50 of
      2385 mcg/kg, showing clear separation of antisecretory activity and gastric
      antiulcer potency. FCE 20700 does not induce diarrhoea in rats at doses up to
      6.25 mg/kg, 10 to 600 times the effective antiulcer doses.

PMID- 6591215
TI  - Further evidences on gastric cytoprotection exerted by pirenzepine.
AB  - Pirenzepine (P) exerts cytoprotective action through a mechanism so far poorly
      understood. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the protective effect of
      P and by comparison PGE2, in different cytoprotective models: NaOH 0.2 N; antral
      ulcer induced by indomethacin; and in an "in vivo" model using ethanol (50%
      1ml/rat p.o.) as mucosal barrier damaging agent. In this last group of
      experiments gastric mucosal potential difference (DP), Na+ concentrations and pH
      were measured. These parameters provided a clear measure of the mucosal barrier
      recovery from damaging agents. P., like PGs, significantly protect mucosa against
      NaOH 0.2 N induced ulcers with an ED50 = 21.94 mg/kg os, a similar activity was
      found for the antral ulcers induced by indomethacin (ED50 22.06 mg/kg os).
      Moreover P. significantly antagonized the PD reduction induced by ethanol in rat.
      PGE2 was strikingly active in this model. P. and PGE2 significantly decreased
      also Na+ ion concentration altered by ethanol. Although this paper shows a
      positive effect of P on the gastric mucosal barrier, further studies are
      necessary to clarify the mechanism of gastric cytoprotection of P.

PMID- 6591216
TI  - Salivation after single-doses of the new antidepressants femoxetine, mianserin
      and citalopram. A cross-over study.
AB  - Twelve healthy volunteers were given oral single doses of a reference drug
      (nortriptyline), test drugs, and placebo on a randomised single-blind basis at
      weekly intervals. The doses corresponded to average daily patient medication.
      Spontaneous whole mouth salivation was measured before (at 10 p.m.) and 10 hours
      after drug administration (at 8 a.m.). Drug plasma levels were determined after 4
      and 10 hours. When analysing the salivations 10 hours after drug administration
      adjusted for the effects of the pre-treatment salivations, statistically
      significant inhibition of salivation was found after nortriptyline (56%),
      femoxetine (34%), and mianserin (29%) when compared with placebo, while for
      citalopram and cis- and trans-flupenthixol no significant inhibition of
      salivation was demonstrated (Fig. 1, Table 5). From the estimated log linear
      regression coefficients, relating adjusted salivation rates and drug plasma
      levels 10 hours after drug administration (Table 6), and reported average steady
      state plasma drug levels (Table 7), semiquantitative predictions of the average
      level of anticholinergic activity during long-term treatment may be made: For
      femoxetine and mianserin, moderate anticholinergic activity, less pronounced than
      with nortriptyline, are predicted, while for citalopram no such activity can be
      predicted (Table 7).

PMID- 6591217
TI  - Effect of pectin on cholesterol distribution in the lipoproteins of
      streptozotocin-diabetic rats fed cholesterol diet.
AB  - In rats fed a semisynthetic diet, streptozotocin-induced diabetes [45 mg/kg, 17
      days] led to hypertriglyceridaemia [6.4 mmol/l], to a marked increase in the
      proportion of plasma cholesterol present in the very low density lipoproteins
      [VLDL] [to 40 %] and to a decrease in the amount present in the high density
      lipoproteins [HDL] [to 34 %]. The addition of 0.25 % cholesterol to the above
      diet led in healthy rats to hypercholesterolaemia [4.3 mmol/l] and to similar
      changes in the distribution of cholesterol in the lipoproteins. In diabetic rats,
      the same diet led to pronounced hypertriglyceridaemia [13.8 mmol/l] and
      hypercholesterolaemia [18.9 mmol/l], while the proportion of HDL-borne plasma
      cholesterol fell still further to 6 % and rose in the VLDL to 70 %. The addition
      of pectin to the diet in 6 % concentration markedly inhibited triglyceridaemia
      [3.3 mmol/l] and cholesterolaemia [4.4 mmol/l] and raised the proportion of HDL
      plasma cholesterol to 47 %.

PMID- 6591218
TI  - Life events and biological vulnerability: a study of life events and platelet MAO
      activity in depressed patients.
AB  - The present study investigated the possible relationship between platelet
      monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and life events. From the general hypothesis
      that the impact of life events should be seen against the background of an
      individual's vulnerability, it was assumed that low platelet MAO patients would
      need fewer life events to develop a psychopathological condition and that they
      would experience more negatively those events that occurred. Patients (n = 127)
      of both sexes suffering from various kinds of depressive disorders participated
      in the study. There were 39 unipolar patients, 11 bipolar patients, 43 patients
      suffering from neurotic-reactive disorder, and 34 patients suffering from an
      unspecified depressive disorder. No statistically significant differences in MAO
      activity were found in this series among the diagnostic subgroups. Younger
      patients predominated among those with the lowest MAO values. As expected, low
      MAO patients reported a lower number of life events than patients in the highest
      MAO quartile, and had experienced those events more negatively.

PMID- 6591219
TI  - Nuclear magnetic resonance in schizophrenia: a preliminary study.
AB  - Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) scans were performed in nine patients with
      schizophrenia and five control subjects. NMR scans allowed multiple-plane views
      of the brains of schizophrenic patients and demonstrated much greater detail of
      morphological structure than computed tomographic (CT) scans. This small sample
      of subjects, however, showed no significant differences in several quantitative
      measurements between schizophrenic patients and control subjects. Problems in the
      interpretation of image intensity measures of NMR scans are discussed.

PMID- 6591220
TI  - The influence of weight loss on the dexamethasone suppression test.
AB  - To evaluate the influence of weight loss on the dexamethasone suppression test
      (DST), we studied 61 patients with major depressive disorder as defined by the
      Research Diagnostic Criteria, 59 healthy normal volunteers, and 16 volunteers who
      lost weight by dieting. Nonsuppression on the DST was not correlated to weight
      loss in the depressed patients. Of the healthy volunteers, 12.5% converted to
      nonsuppression status. This conversion rate is not significantly different from
      nonsuppression rates in the normal population. Implications of these findings are
      discussed.

PMID- 6591221
TI  - Haloperidol concentrations elevated in Chinese patients.
AB  - After 6 weeks of fixed dose oral haloperidol treatment. Chinese schizophrenic
      patients (in the People's Republic of China) had 52% higher plasma haloperidol
      concentrations than U.S. non-Asian schizophrenic patients. Chinese and U.S.
      patients were matched for sex and body weight. The difference in plasma drug
      concentrations may explain why Asians are reported to require smaller dosages of
      neuroleptic drugs than non-Asians, and why they may be more sensitive to
      neuroleptic-induced side effects. When prescribing haloperidol to persons of
      Asian ancestry, physicians should consider that higher than expected plasma
      haloperidol concentrations and an increased sensitivity to haloperidol may occur.

PMID- 6591222
TI  - Diagnosing RDC endogenous depression and DSM-III melancholia.

PMID- 6591223
TI  - Seasonal variation in platelet 3H-imipramine binding in man.

PMID- 6591225
TI  - Treatment of rapidly progressive periodontitis--an approach to severe breakdown.

PMID- 6591226
TI  - A collage of multi-disciplinary techniques in the advanced case of periodontal
      prosthesis.

PMID- 6591224
TI  - Negative symptoms and platelet monoamine oxidase activity in male schizophrenic
      patients.
AB  - A significant positive correlation was found between negative symptoms and
      platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in unmedicated male, but not female,
      schizophrenic patients. This correlation was significant in split halves of the
      male patients. There was no indication that the correlation was due to either
      outliers or medication effects. Male schizophrenic patients with high negative
      symptom scores had significantly higher mean platelet MAO activity than either
      male normal control subjects or male schizophrenic patients with low negative
      symptom scores. This finding suggests that the extent of negative symptoms in a
      population of males could affect whether the schizophrenic subjects will be found
      to have platelet MAO activity which differs from that of normal control subjects.
      The implications of the correlation between platelet MAO activity and negative
      symptoms for the role of brain MAO activity and two of its substrates, dopamine
      and serotonin, in the etiology of negative symptoms in male schizophrenic
      patients are discussed.

PMID- 6591227
TI  - Clinical evaluation of two potassium nitrate toothpastes for the treatment of
      dental hypersensitivity.

PMID- 6591228
TI  - Case report: a nineteen year study of Dilantin hyperplasia.

PMID- 6591229
TI  - Platelet phenolsulfotransferase activity and the headache spectrum.

PMID- 6591230
TI  - [Bulimia nervosa: a syndrome of addictive eating behavior].

PMID- 6591231
TI  - [Anatomico-radiographic study of missing teeth--a survey based on 400 complete
      examinations].

PMID- 6591232
TI  - [Organization and implementation of a dental service in a S.A. machinery
      industry].

PMID- 6591233
TI  - [Introduction to local anesthesia].

PMID- 6591234
TI  - [Maxillofacial prosthesis for the pediatric dental patient].

PMID- 6591235
TI  - The predominance of epulis fissuratum in females.

PMID- 6591236
TI  - An undetected mesiodistal root fracture--case report.

PMID- 6591237
TI  - Allergic gingival reaction to esthetic crowns.

PMID- 6591238
TI  - The identification of double canals and double rooted anterior teeth by Walton's
      projection.

PMID- 6591239
TI  - Choosing the right amalgam.

PMID- 6591240
TI  - Morphological effects of inorganic salts, chloramine-T, and citric acid on
      subgingival plaque bacteria.

PMID- 6591241
TI  - Radiographic interpretation of multicanaled premolars.

PMID- 6591242
TI  - [Transplantation of retained canines in adolescents (II)].

PMID- 6591243
TI  - [Anesthesia induction and accidents in tooth extraction].

PMID- 6591245
TI  - [The precision instrument, Reproxidrill].

PMID- 6591244
TI  - [Pulp capping agents with hydrocortisone in an experimental comparison to calcium
      hydroxide (II)].

PMID- 6591246
TI  - [Bite recording and the HOVESA system--theory and practice (I)].

PMID- 6591247
TI  - [Aids in the precise equilibration of maxillary bite blocks of complete dentures
      and precise horizontal positioning in the articulator].

PMID- 6591248
TI  - [Various treatment possibilities in damaged anterior and canine teeth (I)].

PMID- 6591249
TI  - [Self mutilation of the gingiva--surgical and orthodontic measures in the
      treatment of these problems].

PMID- 6591250
TI  - [The Contax dental system--description and experiences (I)].

PMID- 6591251
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6591252
TI  - [Reaction of the peri-implant tissue to titanium implants under stress].

PMID- 6591253
TI  - [Role of tooth loss in the progression of a developing neurotic disorder (case
      report)].

PMID- 6591254
TI  - [Thermal condensation of gutta percha. Mechanical instruments for the complete
      filling of the endodontic space].

PMID- 6591255
TI  - [Symptomatic therapy of a hypersensitive tooth root using a fluoride tooth
      lacquer].

PMID- 6591256
TI  - [Bite recording and the HOVESA system--theory and practice (II)].

PMID- 6591257
TI  - [Various treatment possibilities in damaged anterior and canine teeth (II)].

PMID- 6591258
TI  - [The Contax dental system--description and experiences (II)].

PMID- 6591259
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6591260
TI  - [Unknown structures in metalloceramics--an electron-optical study].

PMID- 6591262
TI  - [New information on the abrasion of composite filling materials].

PMID- 6591261
TI  - [Use of Ultracaine D-S for extraction in children].

PMID- 6591263
TI  - [Occlusion correction in the complete and partial dentition using the sagittal
      guide canal of a functiograph. Study of the functional median line (I)].

PMID- 6591264
TI  - [A late case of multiple tooth retention].

PMID- 6591265
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6591266
TI  - [The Contax dental system--description and experiences (III)].

PMID- 6591267
TI  - [Problems of premedication in dental practice (I)].

PMID- 6591268
TI  - [Thermal damage to the oral mucosa due to smoking].

PMID- 6591269
TI  - [Motivation and accomplishment in children's dental care--a new assignment for
      the assistant].

PMID- 6591270
TI  - [Application possibilities for modern photocopiers in dental practice].

PMID- 6591271
TI  - [Eye strain--a headache causes by poor lighting].

PMID- 6591272
TI  - [Energy providing nutrients (II)].

PMID- 6591273
TI  - [Advancement of professional knowledge. Relationships using tables (I)].

PMID- 6591274
TI  - ["Sugared tea caries" as a result of excessive use of prepared tea in nursing
      bottles].

PMID- 6591275
TI  - [Caries prevention with fluoride--risks for health?].

PMID- 6591277
TI  - [Environmentally safe disposables].

PMID- 6591278
TI  - [Energy providing nutrients (III)].

PMID- 6591276
TI  - [Saliva, our best mouthwash].

PMID- 6591279
TI  - [Advancement of professional knowledge. Relationships using tables (II)].

PMID- 6591280
TI  - [Professional image of the dental assistant and the expanded function dental
      assistant. What do the DA and EFDA do in the office?].

PMID- 6591281
TI  - [Biochemical aspects of dental prevention].

PMID- 6591282
TI  - [Energy providing nutrients (IV)].

PMID- 6591283
TI  - [Videotext--a new communications dimension for dentistry?].

PMID- 6591285
TI  - [The Kesling positioner].

PMID- 6591284
TI  - [Incidence of osteosarcomas and the average life span of rats receiving 90Sr].
AB  - In experiments on albino rats exposed to 90Sr (18.5-148 kBq/day) during different
      periods of time no dependence of the duration of the latent period of
      osteosarcoma development upon radiation dose was demonstrated.

PMID- 6591286
TI  - [General ideas on the objectives of orthodontics].

PMID- 6591287
TI  - [Materials for casting of impressions. Hardness tests].

PMID- 6591288
TI  - [Illumination of the work environment].

PMID- 6591289
TI  - [Occlusal splint: simplified 1-step technic].

PMID- 6591291
TI  - [The London model of training dental technicians].

PMID- 6591290
TI  - [Evaluation of the condition of the periodontium and oral hygiene in various
      diseases of the digestive tract].

PMID- 6591292
TI  - [Dental studies in Finland].

PMID- 6591293
TI  - [The height of the space between the acrylate plate and the palate in the area of
      line A].

PMID- 6591294
TI  - The use of silicone foam elastomer for intra-cavity radiation prostheses and
      tissue compensators.

PMID- 6591295
TI  - Biotechnology programs between government and industry.

PMID- 6591296
TI  - Proposal to add a new Section III-A-4 to the Guidelines and a footnote to Section
      III-B-4-b.

PMID- 6591297
TI  - Comparative pharmacokinetics of 67Ga among the different routes of injection.
AB  - The pharmacokinetic study of 67Ga-citrate (67Ga) following intravenous (i.v.),
      subcutaneous (s.c.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection was performed in
      anesthetized rats using the repeated blood sampling method by cannulation
      technique into the external jugular vein. The disappearance of 67Ga from the
      blood following i.v. and s.c. injection was best fit a three-exponential
      equation. There was no significant difference between the areas under the curves
      following i.v. and s.c. injection of 67Ga. In the case of i.p. injection, the
      disappearance of 67Ga from the blood was described by a two-exponential equation.
      However, the maximum blood radioactivity was very low, and the disappearance rate
      of 67Ga from the blood was extremely slow compared to the other routes of
      injection. The conclusion from these results was that s.c. injection was as
      suitable as i.v. injection, but i.p. injection was not appropriate for the
      distribution study of 67Ga such as scintigraphy or autoradiography. However, i.p.
      route may be available for a special experiment which needs the long-time
      retention of 67Ga in the blood.

PMID- 6591298
TI  - [The prevalence of oral pathology in Asiatic immigrants entering the country].

PMID- 6591299
TI  - [Root canal filling materials: methodological considerations and choice of an
      experimental model].

PMID- 6591300
TI  - The relationship of endodontic procedures to the coronal restoration.

PMID- 6591301
TI  - A movable joint, composite attached bridge for a cleft palate patient.

PMID- 6591302
TI  - Treatment variation in restorative dentistry.

PMID- 6591303
TI  - [Reaction of the pulp and periapical tissue of dog teeth with incompletely formed
      foramina, following pulpotomy and protection with calcium hydroxide or
      formocresol. Remote histological study].

PMID- 6591304
TI  - [Internal and external resorption. Review and case report].

PMID- 6591305
TI  - [Topical therapy in endodontics].

PMID- 6591306
TI  - [The problem of lower first molars in endodontic treatment].

PMID- 6591307
TI  - [Physical variation, diameter and degree of conicity of gutta percha cones and
      type K files].

PMID- 6591308
TI  - [Fluoridation of public water supply in Brazil. (An up-date)].

PMID- 6591309
TI  - [Prescription forms: official, hospital, medical and dental. Suggestions and/or
      criticisms].

PMID- 6591310
TI  - [Toothbrushing habits observed in right and left-handed patients].

PMID- 6591311
TI  - [The translucence of composite resins (I). Effect of material, time and
      proportion of opacifier pastes].

PMID- 6591312
TI  - [Radiographic and histologic study of root apices of unerupted teeth (impacted
      and non-impacted) and its correlation with the cementum structure].

PMID- 6591313
TI  - [Comparative analysis of general and maxillofacial development in pig and human
      embryos].

PMID- 6591314
TI  - [Histological study of the adaptation of dental amalgam restorations using SEM].

PMID- 6591315
TI  - [Ectodermal dysplasia and its orodental rehabilitation].

PMID- 6591316
TI  - [Mounting complete dentures].

PMID- 6591317
TI  - [Practical justification for the use of articulators].

PMID- 6591318
TI  - [A comparative study using x-ray diffraction and determination of the Ca/P ratio
      in healthy and irradiated enamel].

PMID- 6591319
TI  - [The components of stress in dentistry. Causes and prevention].

PMID- 6591320
TI  - [Routes and patterns of innervation of the salivary glands].

PMID- 6591321
TI  - [HLA-A, B, C, and DR typing in rheumatoid polyarthritis].
AB  - HLA-A, B, C typing were performed in 72 caucasians with rheumatoid arthritis. HLA
      DR typing were accomplished in 40 patients among these 72 subjects. DR4 was
      clearly increased with a frequency of 55 p. 100 versus 18 p. 100 in controls. We
      did not find an association between DR4 and the presence of rheumatoid factor.
      Clinical and biological signs are similar in rheumatoid arthritis with and
      without DR4. Two other HLA antigens, B40 and Cw3, were increased and their
      frequency was twice as high in patients as compared with controls. A synthesis of
      six studies published in the world confirms the elevation of B40 in this disease
      and later on suggests the elevation of Cw3 which is often linked with B40. The
      association of rheumatoid arthritis with B40 and Cw3 can be explained by a
      linkage disequilibrium between DR4 and B40 on the one hand, between DR4 and Cw3
      on the other hand.

PMID- 6591322
TI  - [Juvenile periodontitis or periodontosis].

PMID- 6591323
TI  - A study of masticatory forces in implant denture patients, pre-operative and post
      operative.

PMID- 6591324
TI  - [Nickel allergy].

PMID- 6591325
TI  - [The government and health].

PMID- 6591326
TI  - [Evaluation of decisions in the public health sector].

PMID- 6591327
TI  - Healing of a lesion of endodontic origin by dense fibrous connective tissue:
      literature review and report of case.

PMID- 6591328
TI  - [Tooth root extrusion: report of 3 cases].

PMID- 6591329
TI  - Nutrition, tooth development and dental caries susceptibility.

PMID- 6591330
TI  - [The first class from our dental school].

PMID- 6591331
TI  - AIDS - two years later.

PMID- 6591332
TI  - Management of fear and anxiety in dental practice. Part two.

PMID- 6591333
TI  - Southeast Asian refugees of Rhode Island: a demographic and health profile.

PMID- 6591334
TI  - Southeast Asian refugees of Rhode Island: cross-cultural issues in medical care.

PMID- 6591335
TI  - Southeast Asian refugees of Rhode Island: the Hmong perception of illness.

PMID- 6591336
TI  - [Fracture of the coronoid process: clinico-statistical study of 34 cases].

PMID- 6591337
TI  - [Transfixation in clinical practice].

PMID- 6591338
TI  - [Rare case of schwannoma located in the jaw].

PMID- 6591339
TI  - [Recurrent myxofibroma of the upper jaw].

PMID- 6591340
TI  - [New findings in the etiology of the mouth breathing syndrome and new therapeutic
      approaches: respiratory physiokinetic therapy].

PMID- 6591341
TI  - [Blood levels of HbA1c in the oral pathology of diabetics].

PMID- 6591342
TI  - [Determination of the absorbed dose of radiation in various radiographic
      exposures of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6591343
TI  - [A musculo-cutaneous flap from the posterior trapezius muscle: an anatomic
      study].

PMID- 6591344
TI  - [Determination of the free interocclusal space relation to the neuro-muscular
      reference position].

PMID- 6591345
TI  - [Treatment of gingival recession].

PMID- 6591346
TI  - [Gingival fibromatosis: a clinical case].

PMID- 6591347
TI  - [Psychosomatic concepts of pyorrhea alveolaris: personality of the pyorrheal
      patient].

PMID- 6591348
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy study of the effect of various instruments on the
      enamel surface].

PMID- 6591349
TI  - [Electrognathography and its interpretation].

PMID- 6591350
TI  - [Objectives and technics of periodontal bone surgery].

PMID- 6591351
TI  - [Leukoplakia as a precancerous lesion of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6591352
TI  - [Submandibular sialoadenectomy: surgical technic, surgical case study and remote
      results].

PMID- 6591354
TI  - [Periodontal surgery: gingivectomy (I)].

PMID- 6591353
TI  - [Prosthetic problems in the treatment of the sequelae of cleft lip and palate:
      presentation of a clinical case].

PMID- 6591355
TI  - [Periodontal surgery: surgical flaps (II)].

PMID- 6591356
TI  - [Periodontal surgery: technics to obtain increased attached gingiva (III)].

PMID- 6591357
TI  - [Periodontal surgery: surgery to eliminate gingival recession, bone surgery
      (IV)].

PMID- 6591359
TI  - [Problems in professional practice].

PMID- 6591358
TI  - [Hyperplasia of the mandibular condyle].

PMID- 6591360
TI  - [The professional and the scientific attitude in underdeveloped countries].

PMID- 6591361
TI  - [Restorative dentistry of the future].

PMID- 6591362
TI  - [Alternative proposal for nomenclature in periodontal practice].

PMID- 6591363
TI  - [Professional practice of endodontics at the national level].

PMID- 6591364
TI  - Scanning electron and incident light microscopy of giant tubules in red deer
      dentin.
AB  - Incisal and cuspal teeth from red deers 2 1/2-6 1/2 yr of age were used in this
      study. Incident light microscopy was used for screening of the specimens with
      respect to presence of orifices and exposures of giant tubules. Scanning electron
      microscopy (SEM) was used for study of structural details. For SEM the specimens
      were pretreated with a 1% solution of NaClO for 2 or 20 h. One specimen was in
      addition exposed to a 35% solution of phosphoric acid for 30 s. Two teeth
      received no pretreatment. Many incisal/occlusal exposures of giant tubules were
      more or less blocked by a dense, probably mineralized, substance, whereas others
      were filled with spherical bodies, probably microorganisms. The walls of the
      pulpal chambers and root canals revealed an abundance of orifices of giant
      tubules. They were funnel-shaped with circular or oblong pulpal outlines, the
      diameters of which in untreated specimens ranged from 15 to 100 microns.

PMID- 6591365
TI  - Secretion rate, buffer effect and number of lactobacilli and Streptococcus mutans
      of whole saliva of cigarette smokers and nonsmokers.
AB  - Secretion rate and buffer effect of resting and stimulated whole saliva, and
      number of lactobacilli and S. mutans in stimulated whole saliva were determined
      for 182 subjects, of whom 109 were cigarette smokers. For secretion rate, no
      difference between smokers and non-smokers was observed. The median buffer effect
      was significantly lower in smokers. The median numbers of lactobacilli and S.
      mutans were significantly higher in saliva of smokers. The number of lactobacilli
      was significantly correlated with number of cigarettes smoked per day. About 40%
      of the smokers had greater than or equal to 10(6) S. mutans CFU/ml, which was
      more than twice that of non-smokers. In a complementary study on 20 smokers, the
      immediate influence of cigarette smoking on secretion rate and buffer effect of
      stimulated whole saliva was investigated for 1 h after smoking. No significant
      effect was found.

PMID- 6591366
TI  - Rate of viscosity changes in five salivary protein fractions following pH
      alterations.
AB  - The change of viscosity with time following alteration of pH was studied in five
      protein fractions isolated from human parotid saliva. The results indicate that
      sudden pH changes may cause rapid charge alterations leading to shock-like
      expansion or compression of the molecules. This quick reaction seems to be
      followed by more slowly proceeding conformational alterations probably involving
      folding, intermingling, and other types of chain interactions. The content of
      proline residues may influence the rate and extent of such conformational
      changes.

PMID- 6591367
TI  - Salivary viscosity and lubrication: influence of pH and calcium.
AB  - The viscosity of human whole saliva and six salivary protein fractions was
      studied at different pH levels in the presence and absence of calcium. Changes in
      pH significantly influenced the viscosity of whole saliva, and centrifugation and
      filtration removed one of the viscous components. Calcium depletion made the
      viscosity particularly susceptible to acidification. The protein fractions were
      obtained from pooled parotid saliva by ion exchange and gel permeation
      chromatography procedures. Except for a glycoprotein, these fractions generally
      exhibited the lowest viscosity in the pH region around their isoelectric points.
      Calcium generally increased the viscosity of these proteins.

PMID- 6591368
TI  - Stimulated salivary flow rate, pH and lactobacillus and yeast concentrations in
      non-smokers and smokers.
AB  - The effect of smoking habit on flow rate, pH and lactobacillus and yeast counts
      of paraffin stimulated whole saliva was analyzed in an unmedicated adult
      population of 462 nonsmokers and 180 smokers. Regular but not immediate smoking
      was not associated with any significant changes in the salivary flow rate. The pH
      of stimulated whole saliva was in both sexes lower in smokers than in non
      smokers, the differences between the groups being statistically significant.
      Smoking did not affect salivary yeast counts, but smokers did show increased
      proportions of high lactobacillus counts.

PMID- 6591369
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic study of orthodontically induced injuries to the
      periodontal membrane.
AB  - Scanning electron microscopy was used to study vascular and cellular changes in
      the periodontal membrane (PDM) in rats after orthodontic treatment ranging from 3
      h to 9 days. The orthodontic forces ranged between 200 mN and 400 mN. Within the
      first hours of treatment extravasated erythrocytes, eichinocytes and platelets in
      various stages of degeneration were found in the pressure zones. The connective
      tissue of the pressure zones developed an amorphous appearance lacking
      discernible fibers and blood vessels following treatment for 24 h. These areas
      are known as hyaline zones, an area of local aseptic necorsis. Three days after
      the application of an orthodontic force macrophage-like cells were abundant close
      to the hyaline zone. They adhered to the hyaline zone with filopods radiating
      from pseudopods. Large osteoclast-like cells with several projections towards the
      bone surface were found around the hyaline zone and in the marrow spaces close to
      the pressure zones. The results indicated that the tissue reactions leading to
      remodeling of the PDM in the pressure zones are closely related to vascular
      injuries and subsequent formation of coagulated blood. Furthermore, macrophages
      seem to be the cells which play the most important role during degradation of the
      hyaline zone.

PMID- 6591370
TI  - Role of brushing technique and toothbrush design in plaque removal.
AB  - Twenty-four adults participated in an intraindividual crossover experimental
      study to compare the plaque removing ability of straight multitufted and V-shaped
      brushes. Twelve of the participants had loss of periodontal tissue resulting in
      open but healthy interdental areas while the other 12 displayed no periodontal
      breakdown. In part 1 the participants were asked to brush their teeth using their
      own brushing technique and length over two 12-day periods during which time they,
      at random, used one brush for the first and the other brush for the second
      period. In part 2 the participants were professionally brushed by two dental
      assistants using four brushing techniques (The Bass, The Roll, The Circular Scrub
      and The Horizontal Scrub) randomly assigned to the four quadrants of the mouth.
      Cleaning was performed once a day for two 5-day periods, during which time the
      participants refrained from brushing and interdental cleaning. Initial toothbrush
      assignment was randomized. At the beginning of the study and each test period no
      plaque or gingival inflammation was visible. At the end of each period the
      accumulated plaque was registered. The results showed that there was no
      difference between the two brushes tested in the unsupervised part. The plaque
      removing ability when using either of the brushes varied between participants.
      When professionally used the straight multitufted and V-shaped toothbrushes did
      not show any difference in plaque removal on buccal and lingual surfaces.
      Interproximally the V-shaped toothbrush was better at plaque removal than the
      straight one.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6591371
TI  - A case of malignant myxoma (myxosarcoma) of the maxilla.
AB  - A centrally located maxillary myxoma with malignant histologic appearance and
      aggressive clinical course is reported in a 40-yr-old man. The gelatinous
      polypoid tumor mass was diagnosed as a myxoma in the first biopsy. The tumor
      recurred rapidly (within 3 wk) eroding the bony structures of the maxillary sinus
      and the hard palate and infiltrating the adjacent soft tissues. In repeated
      biopsy (as well as reassessment of the first biopsy) the tumor was found to be
      composed of plump stellate cells, some of which were pleomorphic with atypical
      and bizarre mitotic figures. The amorphic myxoid matrix contained acid
      mucopolysaccharides and was completely devoid of lipids. Electron microscopy
      demonstrated that the tumor cells were identical to fibroblasts, which is
      consistent with the appearance of myxoma cells. When radiotherapy was
      unsuccessful, we removed the left maxilla with orbital excenteration and
      reconstructed the jaw. Three years later the patient died accidentally. At
      autopsy, no recurrence of myxoma or distant metastases were found. Due to the
      malignant histologic appearance and the aggressive clinical course, this tumor
      can be called an odontogenic myxosarcoma and should be added to the WHO
      classification as a malignant variant of odontogenic myxoma.

PMID- 6591372
TI  - Frontiers of GI endoscopy.

PMID- 6591373
TI  - Diagnostic efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound tomography in pancreatic cancer and
      cholestasis.
AB  - By direct access to the target organs and by improved detail resolution,
      endoscopic ultrasound tomography (EUT) broadens the range of sonographic
      diagnostics. In this preliminary study, the accuracy of EUT was tested in 34
      patients with suspected pancreatic carcinoma and/or painfree jaundice. In all 10
      patients with pancreatic carcinoma and in all 6 patients with chronic
      pancreatitis, the diagnosis made by EUT was correct. Three patients with benign
      tumors of the pancreas were also diagnosed correctly. The diagnostic sensitivity
      of EUT in pancreatic cysts was in 4 of 5 cases 80%, in dilatations of the main
      pancreatic duct in 10 of 11 cases 91%, and in cholestasis in 14 of 15 cases 93%.
      All 5 common bile duct concrements and all 3 tumors of the papilla Vateri were
      diagnosed by EUT. The differential diagnosis between pancreatic tumor and
      pancreatitis was improved by EUT in 1 of 18 cases. In the region of the papilla
      Vateri, EUT was superior to conventional UT in the diagnosis of ampullary
      concrements and papillary tumors in 6 of 8 cases (4/5 and 2/3, respectively). EUT
      could become an important complementary diagnostic method for disorders of the
      pancreas and the common bile duct with a particular sensitivity for the region of
      the papilla Vateri.

PMID- 6591374
TI  - Small-bowel endoscopy.
AB  - Up-to-date, small-intestinal endoscopy has been developed along three main lines
      (a push-type fiberscope, a rope-way-type fiberscope, and a sonde-type
      fiberscope), and each fiberscope has both merits and demerits. We can observe
      small-intestinal diseases sufficiently, wherever they arise int he small
      intestine, with a suitable scope, chosen according to the shape of the lesions or
      the location in the small intestine. Now we have a basis for the correct
      diagnosis of small-intestinal diseases in using three types of fiberscopes.
      Further advances in recent enteroscopy are the application in pediatric
      enteroscopy, endoscopic surgery for polyps of the small intestine, magnifying
      enteroscopy and so on. Further problems in enteroscopy are how to utilize it for
      studies of pathophysiology of the small intestine and how to improve its
      technique to make it easier.

PMID- 6591375
TI  - Ultrasonic endoscopy--the gastrointestinal wall.
AB  - Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUT) allows the visualization of the gastric wall
      structure. Four and sometimes five distinct layers have been identified. The 1st
      inner layer echogenic seems to correspond to the mucosa, the 2nd echopoor to the
      muscularis mucosae, the 3rd echogenic to the submucosa, the 4th echopoor to the
      muscularis propria and the 5th echogenic to the serosa. In pathological
      conditions this architecture changes considerably. Infiltration and extension of
      lesions can be precisely established. Moreover, involvement of neighbouring
      organs can be preoperatively detected. It is still difficult to establish, only
      on the EUT data, whether a lesion is benign or malignant. EUT of the stomach is a
      new method of investigation which can be further developed but already shows a
      considerable interest.

PMID- 6591376
TI  - Follow-up study after sclerotherapy.
AB  - In a prospective study, 200 patients with variceal bleeding (179 cirrhosis, 21
      noncirrhotic) who were treated by long-term sclerotherapy were followed for
      periods up to 6 years. Varices were obliterated in 162 (81%) with a median of
      four courses of injection. 'New' varices developed in 99 cases and were a cause
      of bleeding in 28, of whom 3 died. The recurrence of varices was almost always
      observed within 12 months of initial obliteration. A median of two courses of
      sclerotherapy were required to again achieve obliteration. In 20 patients a
      second recurrence of varices occurred with bleeding in 8 cases but no associated
      deaths. Based on these observations we recommend regular follow-up endoscopy
      after obliteration, particularly in the 1st year, to detect and treat varices
      before they are a cause of bleeding.

PMID- 6591377
TI  - Endoscopic biliary drainage.
AB  - Endoscopic drainage of the occluded biliary system through the papilla Vateri
      consists of two different methods, i.e. bilio- nasal and bilio-duodenal drainage.
      For bilio-nasal drainage a 250-cm- long preformed polyethylene tube is placed
      above the stenosis to provide the flow out of the congested bile duct. This
      external drainage is indicated to prevent the blockade of a ductal stone after
      endoscopic papillotomy (EPT), to treat septic cholangitis, and to dissolve big
      ductal stones chemically. Insertion of a bilio-nasal probe succeeds in 95% of hte
      cases. Internal bilio-duodenal drainage is more difficult and succeeds in 87%,
      its main indication is the inoperable malignant bile duct obstruction. The value
      of a preoperative biliary drainage is in discussion. Internal bilio-duodenal
      drainage will perhaps not prolong the survival time of patients with malignant
      biliary obstruction but it will improve the life quality in the majority of the
      patients. The decrease of serum bilirubin after the implantation of the
      prosthesis and the localization of the tumor are of prognostic significance.

PMID- 6591379
TI  - New developments in gut motility.

PMID- 6591378
TI  - Use of endoscopic ultrasonography in small pancreatic cancer.
AB  - In spite of recent progress of body imaging diagnostics, such as ERCP,
      angiography, CT and conventional echosonography, the diagnosis of small
      pancreatic cancer is still restricted. Conventional US has progressed
      dramatically; however, intestinal gas or body wall often prevents the
      demonstration of deeper organs, such as the pancreas head and tail. The
      development of endoscopic ultrasonography has enabled us to demonstrate clearer
      imaging of the pancreas head and tail. From May 1980 to December 1983, we have
      used three types of ultrasonic endoscopy (Olympus and Aloka Co. Ltd.) with sector
      scan transducer (5.0 MHz or 7.5 MHz) and have examined 118 cases, containing 32
      cases of pancreatic diseases. Among 15 cases of pancreatic cancer, 13 were
      demonstrated by type III (3 cases under 20 mm in size, 1 case between 20 to 30
      mm, 9 cases over 30 mm). The scope was introduced into the upper G.I. tract in
      the same way as in conventional endoscopy. After the balloon tip of the scope was
      filled with water, scanning was started , having the balloon properly in contact
      with the duodenal or gastric wall. Cancerous lesions of the pancreas were clearly
      shown as a low echo mass in all cases. Each size of the lesions measured by EUS
      corresponded well to the resected specimens. Compared with other diagnostics,
      such as ERCP, CT, angiography and conventional US, EUS was the most useful method
      for detection of small pancreatic cancer under 20 mm in size.

PMID- 6591380
TI  - Electrical activity of the stomach: nervous control.
AB  - The role of the extramural vagus nerves in the modulation of gastric electrical
      activity and the myoelectrical complex (MEC) was studied by electrical
      stimulation of the nerve of Latarjet. As a consequence of the interruption of
      vagal impulses for five months by bilateral transthoracic vagotomy, the
      intramural nervous system began to perform as an organiser and modulator of the
      disorganised gastric electrical activity. The modulating role of the intramural
      nervous system was also demonstrated by stimulating the transmural electrical
      system, using parameters such as spike-firing and duration of stimulation of the
      MEC, and by blocking the adrenergic receptors.

PMID- 6591381
TI  - Myoelectric and motor activity of the colon in normal and abnormal states.
AB  - The nature of colonic motility in normal subjects is discussed. Colonic
      myoelectrical control is disturbed in certain diseases: slow-wave activity may be
      affected, or the postprandial gastrocolonic spike response may be altered. Due to
      these changes in contractile activity, abnormal movement of materials through the
      colon takes place. These phenomena are reviewed with reference to the irritable
      colon syndrome, idiopathic constipation, diverticular disease, diabetes mellitus,
      peripheral systemic sclerosis, and chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo
      obstruction. The treatment of hypermotile states requires the use of agents that
      diminish colonic motility. If the colon is inert, however, stimulating drugs,
      e.g. metoclopramide or prostigmine, are indicated.

PMID- 6591382
TI  - Assessment of anorectal motility measurements in the management of adult
      megacolon.
AB  - Anorectal motility was studied in 23 patients with adult megacolon. A balloon was
      used for rectal distension, and electrical signals from the anal canal or rectal
      mucosa were monitored with a silver/silver chloride electrode. Intraluminal
      pressure was measured by a pressure transducer linked to the vicinity of the
      electrode via a polythene tube. Responses to rectal distension provided a means
      of distinguishing patients with adult Hirschprung's disease from ones with
      idiopathic megacolon. Some patients with the latter condition showed an elevation
      of mean anal canal pressure relative to that in normal subjects. There was no
      statistically significant difference in slow-wave frequency in the anal canal
      between patients and adult megacolon and normal subjects. The fall in anal canal
      pressure associated with rectal distension was correlated with a decline in the
      amplitude of slow-wave electrical activity. The measurement of anorectal motor
      parameters was of value in the management of adult megacolon.

PMID- 6591383
TI  - The role of neurotensin in gut motility.
AB  - The physiological significance of neurotensin, with respect to gut motility in
      man, may be to mediate postprandial, fat-induced changes in the motility pattern
      of the gastrointestinal tract. There is strong experimental evidence that this
      effect of neurotensin is endocrine-mediated. The role of neurotensin as a
      paracrine hormone, neurotransmitter or neurocrine hormone remains to be
      determined.

PMID- 6591384
TI  - Small bowel transit time of food in man: measurement, regulation and possible
      importance.
AB  - Studies on the relevance of scintigraphy and breath hydrogen analysis to the
      measurement of small bowel transit time are outlined. The main dietary factor
      influencing small bowel transit time appears to be the level of unabsorbable
      carbohydrate. The rates of gastric emptying and small bowel transit seem to be
      largely independent of one another. A weak correlation exists between the time
      for 50% of a meal to enter the caecum and the contraction frequency of the upper
      jejunum. Unabsorbed food in the ileum may increase the period over which material
      remains in the small intestine. Absorption cannot be predicted from a knowledge
      of transit kinetics alone. Diarrhoea may arise if rapid small bowel transit
      causes unduly rapid entry of fluid into the colon. In the irritable bowel
      syndrome, accelerated small bowel transit occurs in patients with diarrhoea.

PMID- 6591385
TI  - Cytogenetic findings in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. A report of 25 cases.
AB  - Cytogenetic analyses of bone marrow cells were carried out by means of direct
      technique and short-term cultures in 25 acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL)
      patients. 16 were affected by the hypergranular form and 9 by the M3-variant. The
      t(15;17) was documented at diagnosis in 15 patients. In addition, 2 cases, in
      which an M3 morphology and a normal karyotype on direct preparation were found at
      diagnosis, disclosed the chromosome anomaly in cultured cells at relapse, in
      concomitance with a change of blast morphology to the M3-variant. However, the
      t(15;17) was a consistent feature in 5 of the 15 patients with cells analysed on
      direct preparations only and in all cases who had successful bone marrow
      cultures. Overall, the 15;17 translocation was detected in 7 out of 9 patients
      with the M3-variant and in 8 out of 16 patients with typical M3. Whenever the
      chromosome preparations were made after culture, 7/7 had the translocation in the
      M3-V group and 5/5 in the M3 group. No obvious differences in clinical features
      or outcome were evident in the patients, irrespective of their cytogenetic
      findings.

PMID- 6591387
TI  - New frontiers in hemophilia research. The XVth World Federation of Hemophilia
      Congress, Stockholm, 27 June-1 July,83.

PMID- 6591386
TI  - Acute leukaemia in a defined geographic area--incidence, clinical history and
      prognosis.
AB  - A consecutive series of patients (1978-1981) comprising all patients with acute
      leukaemia from a population of 475000 inhabitants was reviewed. Thus, 94 patients
      were diagnosed as having acute leukaemia. No patients were lost from follow-up.
      The incidence figures of ALL and AML differed significantly from those of Sweden
      as a whole. 9 patients were less than 15 years old. The median age of adult
      patients was 64 years, 60.8% being greater than or equal to 60 years old. Of
      adult patients with AML, 20% had a preleukaemic history (chronic
      myeloproliferative disorders, myelodysplastic syndromes and others). None of 6
      patients with leukaemia as a metamorphosis of a chronic myeloproliferative
      disorder achieved a complete remission. The overall remission rate of the
      remaining adult patients was 25%. Treated patients, 15-39 years old, with AML
      without any preleukaemic history, had a complete remission rate of 80% compared
      to 12% for patients greater than or equal to 60 years old with the same
      diagnosis. Of 60 patients with 'primary' AML, 14 were not treated, mainly because
      of advanced age and complicating diseases. Most of these patients died within a
      week of admission.

PMID- 6591388
TI  - In memory of Francois Josso. Why do hemophiliacs bleed?

PMID- 6591389
TI  - Suppression of secondary antibody response by intravenous immunoglobulin and
      development of tolerance in a patient with haemophilia B and antibodies.

PMID- 6591390
TI  - Ultrasonic measurements of haematomata of joints and soft tissues in the
      haemophiliac.

PMID- 6591391
TI  - Surgical synovectomy for haemophilic arthropathy of the knee joint. Long-term
      follow-up.

PMID- 6591392
TI  - Arthroscopic synovectomy of the knee joint with the electric resectoscope.

PMID- 6591393
TI  - Arthroscopic synovectomy in hemophilic arthropathy of the knee.

PMID- 6591394
TI  - Arthroscopic synovectomy in the treatment of hemophilic synovitis.

PMID- 6591395
TI  - The use of laser beams for operations in haemophilia.

PMID- 6591396
TI  - Radioactive synovectomy in haemophilic haemarthrosis. Follow-up of fifty cases.

PMID- 6591397
TI  - An immunologic study of spouses and siblings of asymptomatic hemophiliacs.

PMID- 6591398
TI  - Ecology of wound healing in the oral cavity.

PMID- 6591399
TI  - Application of an educational program for patient and family in Japan.

PMID- 6591400
TI  - The development and use of an illustrated hemophilia guide to assist the nurse in
      her role as an educator.

PMID- 6591401
TI  - Bioengineering of blood plasma proteins.

PMID- 6591402
TI  - Alternatives to financing.

PMID- 6591403
TI  - A proposed system of classification of hemophilia centers for the World
      Federation of Hemophilia (W.F.H.).

PMID- 6591404
TI  - The role of a national organization in the AIDS issue.

PMID- 6591406
TI  - The changing organization (or roles) of the World Federation of Hemophilia.

PMID- 6591405
TI  - From top to toe. An alternative approach to physiotherapy for hemophiliacs.

PMID- 6591407
TI  - Hemophilia--psychological factors and comprehensive management.

PMID- 6591408
TI  - Parana Hemophiliac's Home: Curitiba-Parana-Brazil.

PMID- 6591409
TI  - The role of the professional executive director in hemophilia societies.

PMID- 6591410
TI  - AIDS and the executive directo. Perspectives in crisis management.

PMID- 6591411
TI  - "Where do we go from here boys, where do we go from here?".

PMID- 6591412
TI  - The national and international Layman's role in the patient's treatment.

PMID- 6591413
TI  - Transnational initiatives--World Hemophilia Youth (WHY).

PMID- 6591414
TI  - Hemophilia and the family: life-long challenges and adaptation.

PMID- 6591415
TI  - Introduction to the sexual consequences of hemophilia.

PMID- 6591416
TI  - Prevention of early familial maladjustment by parent-staff group meetings:
      influence of familial background.

PMID- 6591417
TI  - A study of psycho-social aspects of both haemophiliacs and carriers in Greece.

PMID- 6591418
TI  - [Effect of different toothbrushes and tooth cleaning technics on interdental
      plaque removal on teeth with and without fixed orthodontic appliances--an
      experimental model].

PMID- 6591419
TI  - [Animal experiment procedure for the mechanical testing of the adhesive strength
      of the implant/bone bond].

PMID- 6591421
TI  - [Oral hygiene habits, dental care and subjective chewing capacity in
      socioeconomically different population classes in Switzerland].

PMID- 6591420
TI  - [Visits to the dentist and the degree of information for prophylaxis and dental
      care in socioeconomically different population classes in Switzerland].

PMID- 6591422
TI  - [Orthodontic activity of general dental practitioners in the canton of Bern].

PMID- 6591423
TI  - [Surface treatment of glass ionomer filling materials].

PMID- 6591424
TI  - [An incident with sodium hypochlorite--only my error?].

PMID- 6591425
TI  - Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of anti-diuretic hormone and one case report.

PMID- 6591426
TI  - South Dakota's family practice residency: a ten year old success story.

PMID- 6591427
TI  - Twenty-year-old Caucasian male with elevated hematocrit and right lower pole
      renal mass.

PMID- 6591428
TI  - Eighteen-year-old Caucasian female with left upper quadrant mass.

PMID- 6591429
TI  - Prostaglandin E2: a neuromodulator in the central control of gastrointestinal
      motility and feeding behavior by calcitonin.
AB  - Two micrograms of prostaglandin E2 injected into the lateral ventricle of the
      brain in rats had the same anorectic and gastrointestinal motor effect as central
      administration of 0.02 unit of calcitonin. The effects of calcitonin were blocked
      by a previous intracerebroventricular administration of 0.25 milligram of
      indomethacin. These results suggest that both anorectic and gastrointestinal
      motor effects of calcitonin are centrally mediated by the release of
      prostaglandins.

PMID- 6591431
TI  - [Clinical study employing a photoelectric colorimeter to study discoloration of
      gingiva after cementation of crowns].

PMID- 6591430
TI  - [An experimental histo-pathological study of a hard setting type paste (FR,
      HYDRON) used for combined root canal filling].

PMID- 6591432
TI  - [Experimental studies of root canal therapy for infected nonvital permanent teeth
      with incompletely formed apices].

PMID- 6591433
TI  - [Experimental periodontitis in hamsters induced by infection with Bacteroides
      gingivalis].

PMID- 6591434
TI  - [Cases of impacted teeth in edentulous patients (3). 2 cases of impacted teeth in
      the region of the maxillary third molar].

PMID- 6591436
TI  - [New tensile strength meter].

PMID- 6591435
TI  - [The healing process of tooth extraction wounds observed by scanning electron
      microscopy and X-ray microanalysis].

PMID- 6591437
TI  - [Cases of impacted teeth in edentulous patients (4). 3 cases of impacted
      maxillary premolars].

PMID- 6591438
TI  - [Growth and development of the incisor segment of the dental arch and alveolar
      ridge during the middle phase of the mixed dentition].

PMID- 6591439
TI  - [Improvement of the Pd-Ni system alloys for metalloceramics].

PMID- 6591440
TI  - [Chondrogenesis induced by autograft of the perichondrium in rabbits].

PMID- 6591441
TI  - [An experimental study on bone morphogenesis in autogenous transplantation of the
      rabbit dental pulp].

PMID- 6591442
TI  - [Cases of impacted teeth in edentulous patients (5). 2 cases of impacted
      supernumerary teeth in the anterior region of the maxilla and 3 cases of impacted
      maxillary cuspids].

PMID- 6591443
TI  - Cytotoxicity of plant lectins for mouse embryonal carcinoma cells.
AB  - The cytotoxicity of 10 plant lectins with different carbohydrate recognition
      properties towards a number of mouse embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines (F9,
      OTF9-63, PCC4, PCC3/A/1, P19, and P19S1801A1) has been examined. Six of the
      lectins are toxic for the majority of the cell types at concentrations of less
      than or equal to 100 micrograms/ml and should be useful as direct selective
      agents for the isolation of EC glycosylation mutants (see accompanying
      manuscript). However, the concentration of the various lectins required to kill
      90% of the cell population differs markedly between EC cell lines, the greatest
      variation being observed with the lectins from T. vulgaris (wheat germ
      agglutinin; WGA) and G. simplicifolia (GS-I). The lectin-binding abilities of
      different EC cell lines also vary and do not necessarily correlate with their
      relative lectin sensitivities. Certain lectins which are not toxic even at
      concentrations of 200 micrograms/ml, nevertheless exhibit significant binding at
      the cell surface. The extensive variation in lectin sensitivities and lectin
      binding abilities between the EC cell lines is diagnostic of the expression of
      different carbohydrate structures at their respective cell surfaces. The results
      suggest that the EC lines examined will give rise to different families of
      glycosylation mutants.

PMID- 6591444
TI  - Isolation and partial characterization of lectin-resistant F9 cells.
AB  - Cytotoxic plant lectins have been used for the single-step selection of mouse
      embryonal carcinoma cell mutants with altered expression of surface
      glycoconjugates. Following mutagenesis, several F9 and OTF9-63 cell lines
      resistant to the lectins from Triticum vulgaris or Ricinus communis were
      obtained. At least five distinct lectin-resistant (LecR) phenotypes have been
      identified on the basis of their relative sensitivities to four different plant
      lectins and their altered lectin-binding properties. None of the mutant types
      exhibits a significant change in the ability to bind a monoclonal antibody
      against the stage-specific embryonic antigen, SSEA-1. All of the mutants form
      aggregates when cultured in bacteriological petri dishes and appear to
      differentiate into endoderm-like cells following exposure to retinoic acid.
      However, two of the LecR cell lines exhibit an altered morphology when grown on a
      plastic substratum.

PMID- 6591446
TI  - [Hypoplasia of the permanent teeth].

PMID- 6591445
TI  - Metastatic properties of distinct phenotypic classes of lectin-resistant mutants
      isolated from murine MDAY-D2 cell line.
AB  - Single-step mutants were isolated from the murine metastatic MDAY-D2 cell line
      after selection in toxic concentrations of wheat-germ agglutinin. They were
      partially characterized by measuring their relative level of resistance to WGA,
      PHA, Con A, RIC, and LCA (Lec phenotype), and by comparing their karyotype and
      their ability to produce metastases upon transplantation into syngeneic DBA/2
      mice. Based on their Lec phenotype, a total of 19 independent isolates were
      ranked into 10 distinct classes. Among them, two EMS-induced mutants were
      nontumorigenic (Lec II, Lec III), one nonmetastatic (Lec IV), and one spontaneous
      mutant (Lec I) failed to produce blood-borne metastases. Other spontaneous
      mutants belonging to Lec I, Lec II, and other classes were as metastatic as their
      parents. The Lec IV phenotype was found to segregate independently from
      metastatic potential in somatic hybrids. Metastatic ability was recovered in
      mutants expressing the Lec IV phenotype, after further selection for resistance
      to RIC. Our results strongly suggest that the loss or reduction of the invasive
      property of tumor cells is associated with only few Lecr1 phenotypes and,
      therefore, that a restricted number of cell surface glyconjugates are essential
      for this particular function.

PMID- 6591447
TI  - [Premature loss of permanent teeth].

PMID- 6591448
TI  - [Abnormal eruption of permanent teeth].

PMID- 6591449
TI  - [Tooth injuries].

PMID- 6591450
TI  - [Tooth extraction during mixed dentition].

PMID- 6591451
TI  - [Dental caries and periodontal disease during the eruption of permanent teeth].

PMID- 6591452
TI  - [Oral surgery during the period of permanent tooth eruption].

PMID- 6591453
TI  - [Management of impacted teeth].

PMID- 6591454
TI  - [Replantation of front teeth].

PMID- 6591456
TI  - [Dental health education and prevention].

PMID- 6591455
TI  - [Periodontal disease during the mixed dentition].

PMID- 6591458
TI  - [Dental health check-up during the mixed dentition].

PMID- 6591457
TI  - [Dental health education in schools].

PMID- 6591459
TI  - [Dental health management during the mixed dentition].

PMID- 6591460
TI  - [Dental health education--group instruction and individual instruction].

PMID- 6591461
TI  - [Changes in the dental enamel around the time of permanent tooth eruption].

PMID- 6591462
TI  - [Growth and changes of soft tissue--etiology, prevention and management of
      periodontal disease].

PMID- 6591463
TI  - [Dentistry during the special period of the eruption of permanent teeth].

PMID- 6591464
TI  - [Occlusal growth during the eruption of permanent teeth].

PMID- 6591466
TI  - [Self-care and health education].

PMID- 6591465
TI  - [Growth stage during permanent tooth eruption--psychological aspects].

PMID- 6591467
TI  - [Oral diagnosis during the period of permanent tooth eruption].

PMID- 6591468
TI  - [Characteristics of caries during the period of permanent tooth eruption].

PMID- 6591469
TI  - [Encased vessels in the pulp cavity].

PMID- 6591470
TI  - [Follow-up of periodontal work after 6 years].

PMID- 6591471
TI  - [Follow-up of periodontal work after 6 years].

PMID- 6591472
TI  - [Notes on oral diseases (2)].

PMID- 6591473
TI  - [Neuromuscular mechanisms controlling mastication with special reference to jaw
      movements (3). Rhythm formation and control of masticatory jaw movements].

PMID- 6591474
TI  - [Coaggregation reactions between oral bacteria].

PMID- 6591475
TI  - [Oral physiology].

PMID- 6591477
TI  - [The Fujita method].

PMID- 6591476
TI  - [Occlusal guidance and timing (2)].

PMID- 6591478
TI  - [Management of inclined teeth].

PMID- 6591479
TI  - [Tooth diseases among the aborigines of Taiwan].

PMID- 6591480
TI  - [Oral examination of school age children].

PMID- 6591481
TI  - [Bricef (cefatrizine) for various infections in the orodental region].

PMID- 6591482
TI  - [Lasers in dentistry. 2. Nd-YAG laser-induced heat inside the dental pulp cavity
      and methods of cooling].

PMID- 6591483
TI  - [Radiographic diagnosis of periodontal disease--intra-oral method].

PMID- 6591484
TI  - [An experimental device for standardized intra-oral x-ray technics].

PMID- 6591485
TI  - [Notes on oral diseases (3)].

PMID- 6591486
TI  - [Dental pharmacology].

PMID- 6591487
TI  - [Long term evaluation of endodontically treated teeth. Clinical, roentgenological
      and pathohistological studies of canals obturated with gutta-perch cones and ZOE
      sealer].

PMID- 6591489
TI  - [Recent trends in periodontics].

PMID- 6591488
TI  - [A clinical report on root canal fillings with the McSpadden compactor].

PMID- 6591490
TI  - [Surface treatments of metals for bonded bridges].

PMID- 6591491
TI  - [Tertiary stomatological disease--mandibular dysfunction].

PMID- 6591492
TI  - [Ultrasonographic analysis of diseases requiring oral surgery].

PMID- 6591493
TI  - [A new type of dental instrument with an etched blade].

PMID- 6591494
TI  - [Dental management of school age children].

PMID- 6591495
TI  - [Fluoridation programs in the U.S. National Caries Program at NIDR].

PMID- 6591496
TI  - [Guaiazulene mouthwash for diseases of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6591497
TI  - [Guaiazulene for periodontal disease].

PMID- 6591498
TI  - [Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a case of idiopathic, refractory, sideroblastic
      anemia].

PMID- 6591499
TI  - The irradiated wound.
AB  - Radiation and its effects on normal tissue are important to an understanding of
      the alteration of healing that occurs in a radiated wound. The surgical
      management of irradiated tissue is discussed regarding surgical procedures in
      previously irradiated tissue and regarding management of the nonhealing
      irradiated wound, the radiation ulcer.

PMID- 6591500
TI  - [Treatment of idiopathic sudden hearing loss by diatrizoate meglumine and a
      compound injection of Salvia miltiorrhiza. An analysis of the therapeutic effect
      in 50 cases].

PMID- 6591501
TI  - [Polishing of porcelain].

PMID- 6591502
TI  - [Comparative cytochemical characteristics of lymphoblasts in adults and children
      with lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6591503
TI  - [Changes in the variant of acute leukemia].
AB  - The authors describe a female patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. After
      the first chemotherapy cycle according to the VAMP program the patient developed
      a complete remission. Further on, repeated extramedullary relapses
      (neuroleukemia, involvement of the mammary gland tissue and lymph nodes of the
      mesentery) were observed over 7 years, the data of blood and bone marrow analyses
      being within normal. At the end of the disease the patient developed a relapse
      with changes in the blood and bone marrow, however the blast cells were sudan and
      peroxidase-positive i.e. could be classified as myeloblasts.

PMID- 6591505
TI  - [Characteristics of clonal evolution in patients with myelocytic leukemia].
AB  - The authors report the results of the clinical, cytochemical, cytogenetic and
      kinetic studies (3H-thymidine autoradiography and scanning integrating
      cytospectrophotometry of DNA) in a male patient with chronic myeloleukemia with
      blast infiltration of the lymph nodes. Analysis of the karyotype and kinetic
      aspects of leukemic cells obtained from the blood, bone marrow, spleen and
      hyperplastic lymph nodes was performed over time at different disease periods.
      Based on the data obtained the authors suggest that aneuploid blasts may maturate
      before segmented granulocytes. The probability of the medullary origin of
      aneuploid clones is discussed.

PMID- 6591504
TI  - [Immunologic phenotype of blast cells in patients with myelocytic leukemia and
      its clinical significance].
AB  - The immunologic phenotype of blast cells was studied in 66 patients with chronic
      myeloleukemia (CML) in the stage of blast crisis. cALL antigen was determined
      with the aid of rabbit antiserum, Ia-like antigen with the aid of monoclonal
      antibodies IKO-I; part of the patients showed cytoplasmic immunoglobulins. As
      regards the expression of the immunologic markers, the patients were divided in 2
      subgroups: the lymphoid one having cALL antigen and/or the cytoplasmic chain of
      immunoglobulins, and the nonlymphoid having no such markers. The presence of the
      immunologic markers in blast cells correlated with the cytochemical traits of
      lymphoblasts (PAS-substance in the granular form). Nine out of the 11 patients
      belonging to the lymphoid group and 3 out of the 10 non-lymphoid group patients
      responded by short-term remissions during the treatment according to the AVAMP
      program.

PMID- 6591506
TI  - Theoretical models of genetic map functions.

PMID- 6591508
TI  - Gold alloys: determining composition and value.

PMID- 6591507
TI  - Pulmonary infiltrates and adult acute leukaemia: empirical treatment and survival
      related to the extent of pulmonary radiological disease.
AB  - In a retrospective review of 141 consecutive adult patients with acute leukaemia
      there were 33 local and eight diffuse parenchymal pulmonary abnormalities noted
      on the first abnormal chest radiograph. Empirical treatment was given without any
      invasive diagnostic procedures. Twenty of the 41 patients (49%) with radiographic
      abnormalities died--10 of 31 patients (32%) in the "local" group (excluding two
      who were not actively treated) and all eight patients in the "diffuse" group. One
      patient in the local group and six in the diffuse group died within 48 hours of
      the first abnormal chest radiograph. The results in the local group suggest that
      failure to respond to the initial treatment prescribed would allow time to
      perform an invasive procedure in most patients that may lead to a change in
      management. In the diffuse group, however, an early invasive procedure would be
      required if the result were to have a chance to influence the outcome.

PMID- 6591510
TI  - Tax breaks for continuing professional education.

PMID- 6591509
TI  - Hypnosis--a new tool for dentistry.

PMID- 6591511
TI  - The treatment of dental caries at the cervical margin of a resin restoration: a
      case report.

PMID- 6591512
TI  - Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (T.M.J. dysfunction). Case reports.

PMID- 6591513
TI  - Placental transfer of fluoride.

PMID- 6591514
TI  - The effect of impaction on root formation of the lower premolar teeth.

PMID- 6591515
TI  - Black and white pregnant women in Johannesburg, South Africa.

PMID- 6591516
TI  - The prevalence of "dry socket" in a homogeneous urban black South African
      population.

PMID- 6591517
TI  - [Periodontal surgery: the possible acceptance by the patient].

PMID- 6591518
TI  - Topical anaesthetics--subtle contributors to toxic sequelae.

PMID- 6591519
TI  - A method of ensuring consistency in endodontic radiography.

PMID- 6591520
TI  - New polishing instruments for resin restoratives.

PMID- 6591521
TI  - Evaluation of a new prophylaxis device.

PMID- 6591522
TI  - The quality of toothbrush bristle ends.

PMID- 6591523
TI  - Oral writing devices for quadriplegic patients.

PMID- 6591524
TI  - A survey of dentists in the Western Cape concerning attitudes, practices and
      trends in removable prosthodontics.

PMID- 6591525
TI  - [Effect of helium-neon laser radiation on the microcirculation of the oral
      mucosa].

PMID- 6591526
TI  - [Distraction of the mandible in an experiment].

PMID- 6591527
TI  - [Structural changes of the masticatory muscles in mandibular fractures and
      immobilization].

PMID- 6591528
TI  - [Natural blood hemagglutinins and dental caries in persons without concomitant
      diseases].

PMID- 6591529
TI  - [Groups at risk for dental caries disease in relation to reduction changes in the
      maxillodental apparatus].

PMID- 6591530
TI  - [Microbiological data and mixed saliva lysozyme activity in periodontosis in
      workers from different occupations].

PMID- 6591531
TI  - [Diagnosis of phlegmons and abscesses of the maxillofacial area by the combined
      use of the methods of thermography and of determining tissue oxygen tension and
      oxidative-reductive potential].

PMID- 6591532
TI  - [Dynamics of the humoral immunity factors in patients with suppurative
      inflammatory processes of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6591533
TI  - [Necrotizing fasciitis of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6591534
TI  - [Clinico-laboratory and immunological shifts in patients with odontogenic
      osteomyelitis of the mandible].

PMID- 6591535
TI  - [Ultrasound and thermography in the diagnosis of bone pathology of the jaws].

PMID- 6591536
TI  - [Regional circulatory function of patients with mandibular fractures based on
      rheographic data].

PMID- 6591537
TI  - [Mandibular osteosynthesis using a flexible xenogeneic clamp and cyanoacrylate
      glue].

PMID- 6591538
TI  - [Plastic repair in the case of a shallow vestibulum oris in the combined
      treatment of focal periodontal lesions].

PMID- 6591539
TI  - [Evaluation of the clinical signs of extensive oral cancer and their importance
      in treatment prognosis].

PMID- 6591540
TI  - [Combined treatment of patients with extensive cancer of the maxillary sinus].

PMID- 6591541
TI  - [Dispensary care of patients requiring orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6591542
TI  - [X-ray cephalometric characteristics of the facial skeleton after partial loss of
      the teeth complicated by deformity of the dental arches].

PMID- 6591543
TI  - [Effectiveness of preventing caries in children with the III degree of activity
      of the caries process].

PMID- 6591544
TI  - [Medical rehabilitation of children with odontogenic inflammatory processes].

PMID- 6591545
TI  - [Effect of myotherapy using procedures of adaptive biocontrol on the natural act
      of chewing in children].

PMID- 6591546
TI  - [Mechanism of action of cariostatic agents in a cariogenic situation].

PMID- 6591547
TI  - [Assessment of the effectiveness of dental interventions in Moscow polyclinics].

PMID- 6591548
TI  - [Setting standards for parameters of the microclimate in dental polyclinic
      quarters].

PMID- 6591549
TI  - [Use of functional diagnostic methods for patients with maxillofacial injuries].

PMID- 6591550
TI  - [Gorlin syndrome (report of a case)].

PMID- 6591551
TI  - [The role of mast cells in oral pathology].

PMID- 6591552
TI  - [Should dentures be worn at night?].

PMID- 6591553
TI  - [Orthodontic tooth movement for periodontic, prosthetic and esthetic purposes in
      everyday practice. I. biological basis].

PMID- 6591554
TI  - [Central giant cell granulomas: observations and treatment results in 7 cases].

PMID- 6591555
TI  - [Idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 6591556
TI  - [Sagittal split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus].

PMID- 6591557
TI  - [The clinical correlation of diabetes and periodontal disease].

PMID- 6591558
TI  - [The clinical application of the Michigan occlusal splint].

PMID- 6591559
TI  - [8-year report on endosseous implantation].

PMID- 6591560
TI  - [The effect of orthodontic measures on the growth of the mandible in scoliosis
      patients during treatment with the Milwaukee brace].

PMID- 6591561
TI  - [Comparative studies between chronological age, tooth age and bone age in
      patients with cleft lip and cleft palate].

PMID- 6591562
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of aluminum silicate-polyacrylate cements (ASPA)].

PMID- 6591563
TI  - [Antisepsis of the oral cavity before dental care].

PMID- 6591564
TI  - [Midfacial osteotomies for the correction of pseudoprognathism in cleft
      patients].

PMID- 6591565
TI  - [Prognathism in the deciduous and mixed dentition].

PMID- 6591566
TI  - [Biological assessment of selected detergents].

PMID- 6591567
TI  - [Treatment and outcome evaluation of recurrences of basal cell carcinoma].

PMID- 6591568
TI  - [Health education as a component of preventive care at the preschool age].

PMID- 6591569
TI  - [Maxillary sinus complications after tooth extraction--an analysis of the
      referred diagnosis and findings].

PMID- 6591570
TI  - [The diagnostic validity of bone scintigraphy for various non-malignant diseases
      of the cranio-maxillo-facial skeleton and fractures].

PMID- 6591571
TI  - [Bacteremias in root tip resection].

PMID- 6591572
TI  - [Longitudinal studies of periodontal bone destruction].

PMID- 6591573
TI  - [Clinical-histological studies of gingival hypertrophy under bar attachment
      dentures].

PMID- 6591574
TI  - [Experimental studies on fluoride toxicity in rat teeth].

PMID- 6591576
TI  - [A health education program for pre-school children. 1. Results on health
      knowledge, health behavior, and oral hygiene].

PMID- 6591575
TI  - [Effect on taste perception of the chlorhexidine-containing oral hygiene gel
      Dentosmin].

PMID- 6591577
TI  - [Evaluation of the workplace for the almost exclusively seated treatment of
      reclining patients].

PMID- 6591578
TI  - [Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG)--diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 6591579
TI  - [Intelligence studies in patients with cleft lip, jaw and palate].

PMID- 6591580
TI  - [Removal of fresh and old posttraumatic deformities in the lateral middle facial
      region].

PMID- 6591581
TI  - [Lip carcinoma--an analytic view].

PMID- 6591582
TI  - [Health education program for pre-school children. 2. Effect on caries
      morbidity].

PMID- 6591583
TI  - [Radiation load of patients and professional personnel during pantomography with
      Cranex DC x-ray machine].

PMID- 6591584
TI  - [Social medical aspects in the care of older citizens].

PMID- 6591585
TI  - [Use of the special nurse for dental and oral hygiene in the care of adult
      patients].

PMID- 6591586
TI  - Clinical relevance of S-antigen induced experimental uveoretinitis.

PMID- 6591587
TI  - Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis--current concepts in pathogenesis.
AB  - The pathogenesis of retinochoroidal destruction associated with infection by
      Toxoplasma gondii presents a perplexing problem. A murine model of congenital
      toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis is described in relation to the current concepts
      regarding the pathogenesis of the disease process in man. It would appear that in
      this model at least, auto-immune mechanisms may contribute to the inflammatory
      process.

PMID- 6591588
TI  - Plasma lipid abnormalities in retinitis pigmentosa and related conditions.
AB  - Plasma samples obtained from 69 fasting retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients and
      110 controls were assayed for cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins, and fatty
      acids. It was found that many RP patients were hyperlipidaemic compared to their
      spouses and siblings, as well as compared to unrelated controls. This
      hyperlipideaemia was particularly severe in men over 35 years of age, and in
      hemizygotes in X-linked families. In contrast, hypocholesterolaemia was observed
      in albipunctate retinal dystrophy. Plasma fatty acid titres were, in general,
      similar in RP patients and controls; however, patients in three families (two X
      linked, one autosomal dominant) showed a significant reduction in docosahexaenoic
      acid (C22:6) compared to their unaffected relatives. These various plasma lipid
      abnormalities may reflect disorders in lipid metabolism which also may lead to
      retinal dystrophy.

PMID- 6591589
TI  - Atypical retinitis pigmentosa with hypophosphatasia.
AB  - Hypophosphatasia is a rare inborn error of metabolism. Ocular signs of
      hypophosphatasia previously described are blue sclera, band keratopathy,
      conjunctival calcification, cataract, optic atrophy and the complications of
      craniostenosis. This paper reports the association of a pigmentary dystrophy
      similar to rod/cone dystrophy with hypophosphatasia.

PMID- 6591590
TI  - Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy. A follow up study.
AB  - Thirteen patients with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy
      (APMPPE) were followed up for a period of from 1 to 20 years (median 5 years 8
      months). Five patients developed lesions in the previously unaffected fellow eye
      during the follow up period. In three patients the condition progressed during a
      prolonged period without interruption. Widespread severe choroidal atrophy was a
      late feature in a number of cases. In seven out of thirteen cases, visual acuity
      remained defective (6/18 or less) in one or both eyes. The prevailing opinion
      that that APMPPE is self limiting may be incorrect.

PMID- 6591592
TI  - The Whalsay cataract.

PMID- 6591591
TI  - The trilateral retinoblastoma syndrome.
AB  - We present two cases of bilateral retinoblastoma with intracranial tumour, in the
      pineal region in one cases and in the suprasellar region in the other. We agree
      with Zimmerman and others that the intracranial tumour represents ectopic foci of
      retinoblastoma rather than metastatic spread. We suggest that CT scanning should
      be part of the assessment of all cases of bilateral retinoblastoma.

PMID- 6591593
TI  - Posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. Report on 116 consecutive
      intracapsular operations using Severin lens.
AB  - Experience with 116 consecutive posterior chamber Severin intraocular lenses
      following intracapsular extraction is described. The low incidence of
      complications in this series of selected patients and the good visual results are
      emphasized.

PMID- 6591594
TI  - The empty sella syndrome. A review of 14 cases.
AB  - A review of fourteen cases of the Empty Sella Syndrome is presented with
      consideration of the clinical features and radiological changes. The
      pathogenesis, aetiology and effect on vision are discussed.

PMID- 6591595
TI  - Delayed diagnosis of optic nerve or chiasmal compression as a result of negative
      CT scanning.

PMID- 6591596
TI  - Clinical and biochemical findings in Leber's hereditary optic atrophy.
AB  - Clinical findings in Leber's hereditary optic atrophy (LHOA) are reviewed and the
      results given of treatment with a regimen based on the hypothesis that the
      disease is a manifestation of cyanide toxicity. Recent biochemical investigations
      confirm disturbed cyanide metabolism and suggest that zinc deficiency may be
      implicated.

PMID- 6591598
TI  - Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy associated with
      transient hearing loss.
AB  - A case of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy associated
      with low tone hearing loss is reported. Both, visual and hearing loss completely
      recovered. The pattern of low tone hearing loss is similar to that found in
      vascular lesions of the cochlea and may have the same aetiology as the acute
      posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy in this case.

PMID- 6591597
TI  - Iris prolapse following cataract surgery.
AB  - 6,485 cases of cataract extraction are reviewed. Iris prolapse was a post
      operative complication in 32 cases. (Incidence = 0.49 per cent). It is a
      relatively uncommon complication of present day cataract surgery, and it is
      postulated that iris prolapse results from transient pupillary block, in the post
      operative period.

PMID- 6591599
TI  - Intraocular lens damage to the endothelium of in vitro rabbit corneae: a specular
      and scanning electron microscopical study.
AB  - Under carefully controlled physiological conditions and direct visualisation with
      the specular microscope, and scanning electronmicroscopical follow up, the effect
      upon the corneal endothelium of in vitro rabbit corneae of contact with a glass
      intraocular lens (IOL) and its haptic (Lynell Medical Technology Inc) were
      compared with the effects of various polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) IOLs and other
      materials. The glass IOL and the flat face of its haptic produced no endothelial
      damage, but the edges of the haptic, rubber and alginate dental impression
      compound destroyed the cells they touched. The PMMA IOLs caused relatively little
      damage compared to the previous findings of others. This is tentatively
      attributed to differences in the test methods.

PMID- 6591600
TI  - Lens power calculation--is it necessary?
AB  - In a group of 70 patients from whom myopes were not excluded, 90 per cent
      resulted in postoperative refraction between -1.75 and +0.75 when the power of
      implant was calculated using A Scan biometry. Sixty-nine per cent of these
      patients would have fallen into this refraction bracket had calculation been made
      purely on clinical grounds. Comparison was made with 569 previous implantations
      without biometry. In this group life-long myopes above -3.0D had been excluded
      and the implants available were in 2.0 dioptre increments, choice of power
      depending on clinical judgement: 77 per cent of these patients fell into the same
      postoperative refraction bracket.

PMID- 6591601
TI  - The detailed distribution of HLA-A, B, C antigens in normal human organs.
AB  - We have used a monoclonal antibody, PA2.6, directed against the heavy chain of
      HLA-ABC antigens to study the detailed tissue distribution of MHC class I
      antigens. Normal tissues from throughout the human body were obtained fresh from
      organ donors or operative specimens and were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen
      within 1-2 hr of removal. Frozen sections were then studied using a sensitive
      peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistological technique. The results of our study
      show that class I antigens could be detected on most, but not all, the nucleated
      cells in the body. They were only weakly detectable in several tissues including
      endocrine cells in the thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary and islets of Langerhans
      in the pancreas and on gastric mucosa, the myocardium, skeletal muscle, and
      hepatocytes in some of the specimens. Spermatozoa were positively stained in the
      testis, but as they moved up into the epididymis class I antigens were no longer
      detectable. We found that class I antigens were not detectable on corneal
      endothelium, some Brunner's glands in the duodenum, villous trophoblast, central
      nervous system neurones, the exocrine portion of the pancreas, and acinar cells
      in the parotid. We conclude, therefore, that class I antigens are not ubiquitous,
      as previously thought.

PMID- 6591602
TI  - The detailed distribution of MHC Class II antigens in normal human organs.
AB  - In a previous article we described the detailed tissue distribution of MHC class
      I antigens. In this study, we have used a monoclonal antibody, NFK1, to study the
      tissue distribution of MHC class II antigens. This antibody, which detects a
      monomorphic determinant common to the DR, SB, and DC molecules, was used to stain
      frozen sections of normal tissues from throughout the human body by a sensitive
      peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistological technique. Although previous
      studies, both in animal models and in human beings, have shown that class II
      antigens are expressed on a limited number of nonlymphoid tissues, our study has
      extended the spectrum of tissues on which this class of antigens is detectable.
      Epithelial cells in a number of organs were positively stained--these include the
      tongue, tonsils, epiglottis, trachea, small intestine, urethra, epididymis, and
      proximal renal tubules. Lymphatics throughout the body appeared to express class
      II antigens. Capillaries in brain, testis, and placenta appeared not to express
      class II antigens, but in the rest of the body they showed strong and uniform
      staining. These and other observations, and their implications, are discussed in
      relation to previously published studies.

PMID- 6591603
TI  - Lymphoblastic lymphoma in adults: a study on 30 patients treated with two
      different programs according to bone marrow findings.
AB  - Thirty adult patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma were treated with two different
      programs according to bone marrow findings. Bone marrow positive patients were
      given an ALL-like program: vincristine, daunorubicin, cyclophosphamide and
      prednisone for induction of remission, CNS prophylaxis, continuous maintenance
      for three years and monthly reinductions. Bone marrow negative patients were
      given a conventional lymphoma program with CHOP-Bleo and limited RT on bulky
      mediastinum without CNS prophylaxis. The CR rate of the whole group was 54% (62%
      for ALL-treated versus 47% for lymphoma-treated patients; not significantly
      different), with a median survival for remitters of 28.5 mos. Relapse-free
      survival of the whole group was 65% at 12 and 25% at 24 mos. Stage IV ALL-treated
      patients had a median survival of 16.5 versus 10 mos for stage IV lymphoma
      treated ones (p = 0.05); the three-years survival was 24 and 10%, respectively.
      No patients undergoing CNS prophylaxis (ALL-therapy) had neurological
      complications or late meningeal relapse. The better prognosis of ALL-treated
      patients, in spite of bone marrow positivity, argues in favor of an ALL-like
      therapy in all adult lymphoblastic lymphomas, in terms of CR rate, overall
      survival, and absence of CNS relapse. This therapy must be adopted irrespective
      of bone marrow findings, and regardless of how localized the lymphoma appears to
      be.

PMID- 6591604
TI  - Chronic myelocytic leukemia in pregnancy: report of a case treated with
      leukapheresis.
AB  - CML was diagnosed by chance in a 24-year-old woman at the 15th week of pregnancy
      which, on being informed of her disease she decided to continue. No treatment was
      given until the 24th week, when WBC reached 140,000/mm3 and it was believed
      necessary to begin treatment. A program of leukapheresis was started, with the
      sole aim of reducing the expanding leukemic pool. With 8 leukapheresis, performed
      at intervals of 2-8 days, WBC were reduced and kept at about 100,000/mm3; after
      the 8th procedure there was a progressive reduction of WBC to 40,000/mm3, which
      level was maintained without further treatment for about 4 weeks. Pregnancy and
      fetal development continued normally. Labor was induced at the 37th week of
      gestation, and a normal male infant was delivered whose development to date (20
      months of age) is normal.

PMID- 6591606
TI  - To lessen the tedium of perimetry.

PMID- 6591605
TI  - The visual-evoked cortical potential to colour stimuli in multiple sclerosis and
      optic neuritis.

PMID- 6591607
TI  - Visual fields in posterior chiasmal angle lesions.

PMID- 6591608
TI  - Preretinal membranes.

PMID- 6591609
TI  - Bilateral intraocular lens implants.

PMID- 6591610
TI  - Amiodarone keratopathy.

PMID- 6591611
TI  - An unusual complication of intraocular surgery.

PMID- 6591612
TI  - The aetiological pattern of uveitis in Otago and Southland.

PMID- 6591613
TI  - Intraocular lens power calculation utilising general purpose clinical ultrasound
      equipment.

PMID- 6591614
TI  - Extended-wear lenses: their care and visual results.

PMID- 6591615
TI  - Conjunctivo-dacryocystorhinostomy: curse or cure?

PMID- 6591616
TI  - Argon laser trabeculoplasty.

PMID- 6591618
TI  - Leber's hereditary optic atrophy.

PMID- 6591617
TI  - Laser trabeculoplasty.

PMID- 6591619
TI  - Spherical aberration in human infant eyes.

PMID- 6591620
TI  - A retrospective study of lacrimal canaliculus injuries in Auckland.

PMID- 6591621
TI  - Intralesional corticosteroid injection of infantile adnexal haemangioma.

PMID- 6591622
TI  - Problems and management of upper lid retraction.

PMID- 6591623
TI  - Evolution or revolution.

PMID- 6591624
TI  - Fertility in anoestrous dairy cows following treatment with prostaglandin F2
      alpha or the synthetic analogue fenprostalene.
AB  - A single injection of prostaglandin F2 alpha or fenprostalene administered during
      the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle to either post partum or post insemination
      anoestrous cows resulted in a similar level of efficacy as judged by breeding
      efficiency.

PMID- 6591625
TI  - Sir William Weipers commemorative lecture. The scientific and social impacts of
      recent advances in biotechnology.

PMID- 6591626
TI  - Multicentric lymphosarcoma with lymphoblastic leukaemia in a young horse.

PMID- 6591627
TI  - [Prostaglandins E1 and F2 alpha in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis during
      chemotherapy].

PMID- 6591628
TI  - [Paraproteinemia and its possible prognostic significance in chronic myelosis].

PMID- 6591629
TI  - [Extracorporeal gas exchange--an alternative to ventilation of the premature
      newborn infant with respiratory insufficiency].
AB  - In spite of improvements in its prophylaxis and therapy the membrane syndrome is
      still one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in newborns. In many
      perinatal centers in the United States extracorporeal gas exchange via an
      artificial lung is the ultimate step in therapy for this group of patients today.
      As a result of our own research work we are able to introduce an extracorporeal
      circulation system which is especially suited to the particular situation of the
      immature newborn and which enables a complete immobilization of the lung to avoid
      baro-trauma with alveolar oxygen diffusion and CO2-removal through the membrane
      lung. Using appropriate dimensions the system can be housed in a newborn
      incubator. With low total resistance the perfusion in the newborn is performed
      via an arterio-venous shunt of the umbilical vessels alternatively with and
      without a mechanical pump. We tested this perfusion system on premature lambs
      with a gestational age of 128 to 130 days. During a test period of from 6 to 8
      hours at a low blood flow rate (200 ml/min) we achieved a sufficient CO2-removal
      via the membrane lung with enough oxygen supply through the non-ventilated lung.
      By means of suitable materials, and using CO2 gas priming procedure and employing
      prostacyclin analogons to inhibit thrombocyte aggregation, it was possible to
      lower the heparine dosage to a minimum.

PMID- 6591630
TI  - Electron microscope study of the body wall and the gut of adult Loa loa.
AB  - The morphology of the body wall and the gut in the midbody region of adult male
      and female Loa loa originating from patients in Gabon was studied by transmission
      and scanning electron microscopy. The cuticle of the dorsal and ventral regions
      consists of ten layers. In the lateral regions the cuticle is thicker and
      includes two additional layers. The thin hypodermis contains numerous
      transhypodermal fibres. A row of median cells is situated between the syncytia in
      each lateral chord. No intracellular bacteria were observed. The cross-sections
      of each of the four muscle sectors are comprised of approximately 12 muscle cells
      of the coelomyarian type. The plasm of the gut cells contains large vacuoles and
      several mitochondria. The intestinal wall surrounds a wide lumen filled with
      material which occasionally contains cellular structures. The morphology of L.
      loa is compared with that of adult Onchocerca volvulus and Brugia malayi. The gut
      of the adult L. loa has the typical nematode morphology, which might be an
      indication of its normal function in nutrition. The multilayered cuticle with the
      rather smooth surface, and the prominent muscles correspond to the migratory
      activity of this filaria.

PMID- 6591631
TI  - Asepsis in the dental operatory: rationale and practical procedures.

PMID- 6591632
TI  - Clinical controversies. Drug therapy for periodontitis.

PMID- 6591633
TI  - Xerostomia: diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 6591634
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy studies of the morphology of 2 cavity liners. 2.
      Thermelect].

PMID- 6591635
TI  - [Manipulation, legality and clinical indications for the use of composites in the
      lateral teeth].

PMID- 6591637
TI  - [A new idea: compliance or the value and valuelessness of statistics and dogma].

PMID- 6591636
TI  - [Possibilities of marginal leakage with plastic fillings].

PMID- 6591638
TI  - [Hygiene (I): From the viewpoint of the scientist. Risk is not completely
      avoidable].

PMID- 6591639
TI  - [Hygiene (II): From the viewpoint of the practitioner. How should hygiene be
      organized?].

PMID- 6591640
TI  - [Hygiene (III): From the viewpoint of organized dentistry. Demands can be too
      high].

PMID- 6591641
TI  - [Prevention was already known in 1950].

PMID- 6591642
TI  - [Root tip resection].

PMID- 6591643
TI  - [Status and methods of endodontic treatment].

PMID- 6591644
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of Sjogren's syndrome].

PMID- 6591645
TI  - [Role of sugar in caries etiology].

PMID- 6591646
TI  - [Fractures of orbital floor].

PMID- 6591647
TI  - [An analysis of fainting].

PMID- 6591649
TI  - [Retention of alloplastic implants in human jaws].

PMID- 6591648
TI  - [The CFR-technic (CFR = centric functional registration].

PMID- 6591650
TI  - [Non-precious metal dental alloys from dental technical laboratory viewpoint].

PMID- 6591651
TI  - [Productive Swedish prevention program].

PMID- 6591652
TI  - [Concerns of dentists].

PMID- 6591653
TI  - [Dysgnathism, retention failure and deformities of the spine. Its significance in
      functional orthodontics].

PMID- 6591654
TI  - [Dental implantation and general practice].

PMID- 6591655
TI  - [Evaluation of structure and strength of dental fillings using composite filling
      materials].

PMID- 6591656
TI  - [Guidelines to grant bonus wages to dental technicians as of November 15, 1983].

PMID- 6591657
TI  - [Formation of the occlusal surface complex in today's view].

PMID- 6591658
TI  - [Experience with hygienic controls in the dental technical field].

PMID- 6591659
TI  - [Materials science study on work for the further development of Stafanat
      impression materials].

PMID- 6591660
TI  - [The dentists' contribution in radiotherapy in the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6591661
TI  - [Symmetrical contiguous odontomas in a nine-year-old boy].

PMID- 6591662
TI  - [Neoplastic degeneration of a residual cyst].

PMID- 6591663
TI  - [The adult temporomandibular structures and their reaction to surgical
      repositioning. Experimental animal studies in adult Cercopithecus aethiops
      monkeys].

PMID- 6591664
TI  - [Anatomic limits of endosseous dental implantation].

PMID- 6591665
TI  - [The dislocation of the mandibular condyle in patients with disorders of the
      stomatognathic system].

PMID- 6591666
TI  - [Masseter muscle herniation and its treatment].

PMID- 6591667
TI  - [Indication and application for the Kirschner method of surgical tooth
      preservation].

PMID- 6591668
TI  - [Gorlin-Goltz syndrome].

PMID- 6591669
TI  - [Comparative microhardness tests of modern composite materials].

PMID- 6591670
TI  - [Correction of excessive hyperfunction of the mentalis muscle in Class II/1 (case
      report)].

PMID- 6591671
TI  - Advance abstracts of papers: Scandinavian Society for the Study of Diabetes, 19th
      annual meeting. Trondheim, Norway, June 14-16, 1984.

PMID- 6591672
TI  - [Induction of differentiation of human myelomonocytic cell lines by chemical
      inducers: analysis of surface antigens with monoclonal antibodies].

PMID- 6591674
TI  - [A case of malignant histiocytosis--light and electron microscopic analyses of
      malignant histiocytes].

PMID- 6591673
TI  - [A new Ph1 positive cell line (KU812) from a patient with blastic crisis of
      chronic myelogenous leukemia].

PMID- 6591675
TI  - Signs and symptoms of mandibular dysfunction after introduction of experimental
      balancing-side interferences.
AB  - A double-blind study was performed in two groups of young, healthy women without
      signs or symptoms of mandibular dysfunction. Each group contained 12 individuals.
      In one of the groups, balancing-side interferences were applied bilaterally,
      whereas the application was simulated in the other group. The participants were
      re-examined after 2 weeks. Ten individuals in the experimental group reported one
      or more subjective symptoms during the 2 weeks, whereas seven exhibited clinical
      signs of dysfunction. The commonest symptom was headache, and the commonest
      clinical sign was muscles tender to palpation. In the control group, three
      individuals reported subjective symptoms, and three had clinical signs of
      dysfunction. One week after elimination of the interferences, all signs and
      symptoms had disappeared in all individuals but two. In these two subjects it
      took 6 weeks before pre-experimental conditions were restored. It is concluded
      that there is no simple relationship between interferences and signs and symptoms
      of dysfunction. How the individual reacts to local factors depends on his or her
      psychic condition. In some individuals addition of balancing-side interferences
      is sufficient to create dysfunction. The findings thus underline the importance
      of local factors in the etiology of mandibular dysfunction but show that a
      relationship is not obligatory.

PMID- 6591676
TI  - Microscopic study of enamel defects in deciduous teeth of infants of diabetic
      mothers.
AB  - Ground sections of deciduous teeth from infants of diabetic mothers were examined
      in polarized light and by microradiography. Widened neonatal lines and subsurface
      lesions were the main findings in the enamel. Three teeth showed enamel
      hypoplasia in connection with the neonatal line. The widening of the neonatal
      line and the hypoplasias are related to the more frequent and more pronounced
      neonatal hypocalcemia occurring among infants of diabetic mothers.

PMID- 6591677
TI  - Streptococcus mutans in saliva: intraindividual variations and relation to the
      number of colonized sites.
AB  - Analysis of the salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans may contribute to the
      evaluation of the caries risk. It is therefore important to identify factors that
      might influence the outcome of such analyses. This investigation consisted of
      three parts. The first aim was to evaluate the short-term variation of S. mutans
      concentration in saliva. Furthermore, we estimated the effect of discontinued
      oral hygiene on salivary S. mutans. We also analyzed the relation between
      salivary levels of S. mutans and the number of colonized approximal and occlusal
      sites. Tongue samples were also included in the comparison. Systematic short-term
      variation could not be demonstrated. A 95% confidence interval for an observed S.
      mutans value was obtained by multiplying and dividing the observed value by a
      factor of 5 (for S. mutans samples less than 10(6) or 2.3 (S. mutans greater than
      10(6). One week of discontinued oral hygiene did not significantly change the
      level of S. mutans in saliva. Saliva samples correlated significantly with tongue
      samples and with the number of colonized approximal sites. The results of these
      studies confirm the stability of the S. mutans colonization level.

PMID- 6591678
TI  - The temporomandibular joint in ankylosing spondylitis. Correlations between
      subjective, clinical, and radiographic features in the stomatognathic system and
      effects of treatment.
AB  - One hundred individuals with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and a comparison group
      comprising 57 individuals without joint symptoms or disease were studied for
      correlations between subjective, clinical, and radiographic features in the
      stomatognathic system and the short-term effect of occlusal splint therapy. There
      was a correlation between radiographic findings in the temporomandibular joint
      (TMJ) and subjective and clinical symptoms from the stomatognathic system in
      individuals with AS but not in the comparison group. There were also more and
      stronger correlations between clinical signs of TMJ involvement and subjective
      and other clinical symptoms from the stomatognathic system in the individuals
      with AS than in the comparison group. There are thus strong indications that the
      subjective symptoms, the clinical signs, and the radiographic findings in the TMJ
      of the individuals with AS were caused mainly by this joint disease. The short
      term effect of treatment with occlusal splints was investigated in seven of the
      individuals with AS, who had clinical dysfunction index II or more in accordance
      with Helkimo. No statistically significant improvement of the subjective or
      clinical symptoms from the stomatognathic system was found, although a reduction
      of clinical symptoms was noted in five of the seven individuals.

PMID- 6591679
TI  - A study of examiner errors associated with measurement of denture plaque.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to compare the reproducibility and
      reliability of different methods of measuring the distribution of plaque on the
      fitting surface of maxillary dentures. Data from a clinical trial were used to
      determine the reproducibility of (1) the original Budtz-Jorgensen index, (2) a
      proposed morphometric method for facilitating the measurements by this index, and
      (3) the index of Schubert and Schubert. The recordings from previous tests of
      reproducibility of an additive index were used to estimate reliability by means
      of a test-retest procedure and the internal consistency method. The morphometric
      point-estimator scoring method gave the highest intra- and inter-examiner
      reproducibility for the three-graded scale (Scott's pi, 0.90 and 0.81) and for
      the five-graded scale (0.86 and 0.80). Reproducibility was markedly reduced when
      the distribution of denture plaque was assessed by visual examination (Scott's
      pi, 0.81 and 0.72), especially when using the five-graded scale (0.73 and 0.51).
      The PH index exhibited an intra-examiner reliability of 0.83 with the three
      graded scale and 0.78 with the five-graded scale. The corresponding inter
      examiner figures were 0.76 and 0.70. The test-retest method showed that in the
      areas M1 and M2 the mean amount of plaque was significantly reduced at the second
      examination, whereas no significant change occurred in areas T1 and T2. The
      reliability coefficients obtained by the additive index were greater than 0.88.
      Error variance was 8% and 12% of the total variance for this index but only 3%
      with the morphometric test method. The internal consistency reliability gave
      coefficients that were higher than those obtained by the test-retest method.

PMID- 6591680
TI  - [Hypervitaminosis C and orthodontic movement. A histological study in the guinea
      pig periodontium].

PMID- 6591681
TI  - [Oral health as a component of primary care].

PMID- 6591682
TI  - [Changes in the radiographic image of the periodontal space produced by
      variations in the horizontal angulation].

PMID- 6591683
TI  - Pathogenesis of Meniere's disease and Meniere's syndrome.
AB  - Meniere's disease can only be studied in patients, since it does not occur
      spontaneously in animals nor can it be induced in them. However, aspects of the
      disease such as endolymphatic hydrops can be usefully studied in animals. A study
      of the natural history (epidemiology) of Meniere's disease demonstrated the three
      major symptoms (triad) to be vestibular symptoms, auditory symptoms, and aural
      pressure. Bilaterality occurs in at least one out of 3 patients, and may approach
      50% over full lifespans. Aural pressure (74.1%) was common, as was positional
      vertigo (85.9%) during and/or between attacks. Clinical variants such as
      vestibular Meniere's disease could persist for 25 years or more. Understanding
      the pathogenesis of Meniere's requires a study of known and unknown causes. In
      this study, Meniere's disease (cause unknown) was differentiated from Meniere's
      syndrome (cause known). Meniere's disease or syndrome can occur years after some
      inciting cause; thus all forms of Meniere's can be considered to have a delayed
      onset. Meniere's syndrome can occur as a sequel to syphilis, otosclerosis,
      infection (for example otitis media), or trauma. Endolymphatic hydrops explained
      on the basis of quantity and quality of endolymph is found in all forms of
      Meniere's disease and syndrome. Representative cases and pathological examples
      are discussed. Hydrops of the pars inferior (cochlear duct and saccule) is the
      most important finding in Meniere's disease. In some (but not most) cases,
      ruptures of the membranes are seen. The saccule can distend into the lateral
      semicircular canal. Symptomatic attacks are explained on the basis of both
      physical and biochemical phenomena. This study discusses concepts of pathogenesis
      of the disease, finding both theories of longitudinal (slow) and radial (fast)
      flow to be operational. Longitudinal flow, however, appears to be more important
      than radial flow, especially in advanced Meniere's where perilymph in the scala
      vestibuli and vestibule disappears and is replaced by membranous labyrinth.
      Meniere's disease (idiopathic) and Meniere's syndrome (cause known) probably
      occur as a result of endolymphatic absorptive dysfunction (the site being
      endolymphatic duct and sac). Hypocellularity of the mastoid and periaqueductal
      air cells, hypodevelopment of Trautmann's triangle, and anterior displacement of
      the lateral sinus are likely to be important findings associated with
      developmentally dysfunctional absorption of endolymph.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400
      WORDS)

PMID- 6591684
TI  - Postural and oculomotor signs in labyrinthine-defective subjects.
AB  - Bilabyrinthless subjects, i.e. subjects clinically devoid of labyrinthine
      responses, show a greater than normal decrease in postural stability following
      eye closure. Because changes in head position, which affect posture in healthy
      subjects, do not do so in bilabyrinthless patients, static afferent information
      from healthy neck receptors does not contribute to postural stabilization.
      Somatosensory nystagmus and dynamic cervico-ocular responses are equally greater
      in bilabyrinthless than normal subjects, which indicates that both categories of
      eye movements are mediated by the same mechanism. Optokinetic nystagmus is
      slightly diminished in bilabyrinthless patients and optokinetic after-nystagmus
      was mostly absent. In terms of the Raphan-Cohen model our findings confirm that
      destruction of the labyrinthine function abolishes the vestibulo-ocular
      integrator function.

PMID- 6591685
TI  - Vestibular compensation and nystagmus.
AB  - In healthy young subjects barbiturate induced vestibular nystagmus was
      sequentially studied with repeated electronystagmographic recordings. The
      analysed data together with our earlier studies indicated that, except for
      vertical nystagmus, spontaneous and different types of positional nystagmus by
      themselves are not diagnostic of site of lesion. The transition from spontaneous
      to positional to paroxysmal nystagmus observed in follow up studies of several of
      these cases indicates that these various types of vestibular nystagmus are likely
      a measure and reflection of different degrees of vestibular decompensation.

PMID- 6591686
TI  - Influence of bilateral and acute unilateral peripheral vestibular deficits on
      early sway stabilizing responses in human tibialis anterior muscles.

PMID- 6591687
TI  - Postural response induced by horizontal sway of a platform.

PMID- 6591688
TI  - Clinical significance of head movement while stepping.
AB  - Head movement of normal subjects and patients with peripheral vestibular
      disorders while stepping was recorded using three accelerometers, a multi-channel
      telemeter and a microcomputer. The head movement registered from normal subjects
      was stable at a stepping speed of 1.2 or 1.4 steps/sec. Patients with peripheral
      vestibular disorders (except for BPPV) showed significantly greater head movement
      values in all three directions and smaller ratios of anteroposterior component to
      lateral component in the head movement, as compared with those of normal
      subjects.

PMID- 6591689
TI  - The combination of evoked responses with sensory-motor tests in practical neuro
      otological diagnostics.
AB  - Vertigo, giddiness, tinnitus and hearing loss frequently occur in lower brainstem
      disorders as well as in inner ear diseases. To differentiate the inner ear
      disorders from central disease we use the impulse-traced craniocorpogram (ITCCG)
      for the vestibulo-spinal investigation and the acoustically evoked brainstem
      potentials as an objective indicator of central hearing dysfunction.
      Craniocorpography is a simple, objective and quantitative whole-body as well as
      intracorporal recording technique for head and body movements. It can be used as
      an office procedure, giving objective and quantitative results. It traces the
      head and shoulder movements with the help of light bulbs. It gives significant
      results and differentiates between peripheral and central vestibular lesions. The
      acoustically evoked brainstem potentials are read by a dual channel machine. The
      same applies to the acoustically evoked cortical potentials. The results are
      plotted in either case on the electrode-stimulus cross-chart. Thus they can be
      interpreted at a glance, similarly to the cranio-corpogram.

PMID- 6591690
TI  - Evoked potentials to rotatory stimulation. Preliminary results.

PMID- 6591691
TI  - Harmonic acceleration as a measure of vestibular compensation.
AB  - The results of conventional electronystagmography (ENG) sometimes are confusing.
      The Hallpike alternate binaural bithermal (ABB) caloric test is helpful
      diagnostically except for the group of "sick patients that have a normal test".
      Conventional ENG tests also fall short in the area of objective confirmation of
      patient progress. What does each test tell us regarding site of lesion? Alternate
      binaural bithermal stimulation gives us information about the semicircular canals
      -particularly the horizontal semicircular canal--pickup head. Simultaneous
      binaural bithermal stimulation gives information about brain stem connections-
      switching and relay. Rotation testing gives information about the processing by
      the brain--central control.

PMID- 6591692
TI  - Time course of training effects on balancing on one foot.

PMID- 6591693
TI  - Action potential of isolated frog utricle.
AB  - The action potential of an isolated frog utricle was recorded using a suction
      electrode. The utricle was stimulated with iron sand which were spread evenly on
      the macula. A magnetic force was employed to induce the iron sand to depress the
      macula lightly. Integration of the action potential resulted in a phasic
      component, just as observed in the isolated semicircular canal potential (Harada
      et al., 1969). The amplitude of the utricular phasic component was liner to the
      logarithm of the stimulus intensity. Similar relationship was observed between
      the semicircular canal action potential and the stimulus (Harada & Hirata, 1981).
      Phasic on-response was invariably accompanied by an off-response. This suggests
      functional polarization of the utricle. It is already known that the macula is
      divided by the striola into two hair-cell groups having differing polarity. Since
      iron sand is spread evenly on the macula, all sensory cilia bend in one direction
      at the onset of the stimulus and one of the two cell groups evokes an on
      response. At termination of the stimulus, sensory cells with the opposite
      polarity are stimulated, thus producing an off-response.

PMID- 6591694
TI  - The effect of tilt on the response of vestibular nucleus neurones to horizontal
      angular acceleration in the rat.

PMID- 6591695
TI  - A new computer analysis of the caloric test.

PMID- 6591697
TI  - Responses to rotational stimulation of the horizontal canals from patients with
      acoustic neuromas.
AB  - Studies of eye movement responses to harmonic acceleration in patients with
      acoustic neuromas and Meniere's disease have demonstrated left-right asymmetries
      and phase decrements. This study examined the responses from 41 patients with
      acoustic neuromas. The phase measures and the frequency components of the
      response (spectral purity) were examined in detail. Results of the study suggests
      that phase decrements, although they are nonspecific responses of the vestibular
      system to injury, have different characteristics depending on the location of the
      lesion. In addition, when the injury is in the eighth nerve root entry zone, the
      linearity of the system reflects a severe decrement.

PMID- 6591696
TI  - Vestibulo-oculomotor characteristics in surgically treated patients with
      cerebellar haemangioblastoma (Lindau tumor).
AB  - In a survey of 18 patients that were operated on because of a cerebellar
      haemangioblastoma (Lindau tumor) 94% showed characteristic cerebellar oculomotor
      deficits when DC EOG recordings were analyzed. Only 22.1% showed also clinically
      cerebellar deficits. We studied the vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) with and
      without visual interaction, and also saccades and pursuit eye movements in our
      patients with lesions involving one cerebellar hemisphere (n = 14) or the
      vestibulocerebellum (n = 4). Gain of dysmetric saccades ipsilateral to the side
      of the lesion was significantly increased; gain of pursuit eye movements, that
      were often saccadic, was decreased contralaterally. Our patients showed highly
      increased responses for all three conditions of visual-VOR-interaction
      (sinusoidal or steplike rotation in the dark, in the light with fixed surround,
      or in the dark with head fixed fixation point) ipsilateral to the lesion,
      together with a remarkable inability to modulate their VOR with vision on this
      side. With movements contralateral to the side of the lesion they showed a larger
      variability of test responses than normals, but only for fixation suppression of
      the VOR a significantly increased gain. The very similar time constants of slow
      phase decay after a step change in chair velocity indicated a similar poor
      modulation of visual-VOR-interaction under these 3 conditions for stimulations
      ipsilateral to the lesion. Contrariwise, optokinetic step stimulation
      demonstrated a generally impaired response that was significantly lowered towards
      the side contralateral to the lesion. Our results indicate the critical function
      of the cerebellum for voluntary fast and slow eye movements as well as for visual
      vestibular interaction in humans.

PMID- 6591698
TI  - Quantification of compensatory eye movements in light and darkness.
AB  - A broad frequency-band rotatory test has been used to quantify compensatory eye
      movements in 13 healthy subjects during light and darkness conditions. Eye
      movements were recorded by EOG. Head movements were recorded either by a
      potentiometer attached to the chair's axis of rotation or by an angular rate
      sensory attached to a bite-board. Gain and phase values between eye and head
      velocity were calculated. A systematic error in the higher frequency range is
      introduced in the results by assuming head movement equal to chair movement.
      Different instructions in the dark can alter the gain values at lower frequencies
      (up to 2 Hz) during sinusoidal stimulation. During pseudorandom stimulation no
      such differences can be obtained. During all test conditions with the rate sensor
      the gain values approach unity at about 3 Hz.

PMID- 6591699
TI  - Intra-individual variation in oculomotor performance in man.
AB  - Peak velocity of saccade, maximum velocity of smooth pursuit, and peak velocity
      of slow phase of vestibular and optovestibular nystagmus were measured three
      times daily on three separate days in 6 healthy subjects in order to estimate the
      intra-individual variation of the results of oculomotor tests. Analysis of
      variance revealed that the oculomotor performance of the individual subjects
      varied systematically, depending on whether the tests were performed in the
      morning, at noon, or late in the afternoon. In particular, the velocity of
      saccade displayed lowest values in the afternoon. The present results indicate
      that oculomotor performance may depend on the individual biological rhythm of
      fatigue; however, it is also possible that eye motor behaviour is coupled to an
      independent rhythm of motor activity. Circadian rhythmicity of oculomotor
      performance should be considered in follow-up studies and in examination of
      patients with reduced vigilance.

PMID- 6591700
TI  - Non-linear characteristics of visual-vestibular interaction.
AB  - Visual-vestibular interaction in the control of eye movement was investigated in
      six subjects during exposure to a low frequency (0.05 Hz) angular oscillation
      about the longitudinal axis of the body at four levels of peak head velocity: 30,
      60, 90 and 120 degrees/s. For the lower stimulus levels (30 and 60 degrees/s) the
      degree of suppression of the vestibulo-ocular response was reasonably constant
      and the nystagmus was never completely suppressed. However, during oscillation at
      higher velocity levels (90 and 120 degrees/s) the degree of suppression became
      much less during high velocity periods of the waveform than when the head
      velocity was low. The changes in suppression may be interpreted as a decrease in
      gain of visual feedback as a function of increasing image velocity error on the
      retina.

PMID- 6591701
TI  - Study of pursuit eye movement by random to-and-fro target movement.

PMID- 6591702
TI  - Effect of filtering in the computer analysis of saccades.

PMID- 6591703
TI  - Symmetrical optokinetic after-nystagmus loss in Wallenberg's syndrome and
      multiple sclerosis.
AB  - We have demonstrated abolition of OKAN in either horizontal direction with
      retention of caloric responses in 3 patients with unilateral brain stem infarcts.
      In one further patient with diffuse brain stem disease, we have been able to show
      bilateral loss of horizontal OKAN in the acute phase, with recovery during
      remission. These findings support the conclusion that the velocity storage
      mechanism or connections to it, are permanently disabled by unilateral medullary
      infarcts and may be temporarily disabled by demyelinating disease. Retention of
      caloric responses in the absence of OKAN would appear to be of assistance in the
      differential diagnosis between peripheral and central vestibular pathway lesions.

PMID- 6591704
TI  - Vertical saccades in brain stem disorders.
AB  - Mean peak velocity and accuracy of vertical saccades were measured in 15 patients
      with disorders in the brain stem and in 12 normal subjects. (1) In the normal
      group up-directed saccades were faster than down-directed and the velocity of the
      saccade was not dependent on the age of the subject. Up-saccades were faster
      whether electro-oculography or photo-electro-oculography were used. (2) In
      patients with brain stem disorders the velocity of vertical saccades did not
      significantly differ from the saccadic velocity in the normal group. This is in
      contrast to what was found in horizontal saccades, where a reduced velocity was
      characteristic.

PMID- 6591705
TI  - Influence of long-term repetitive rotatostimulations on lateral semicircular
      canals.
AB  - Sixty-five guinea pigs were used to investigate the influence of
      rotatostimulations on the lateral crista ampullaris. After repeated turning
      stimulations with the cupulometric mode (the terminal turning velocity: 180
      degrees/sec) for 24-72 hours, the morphological changes in the crista ampullaris
      on the ampullopetal flow side were compared with those on the ampullofugal flow
      side by using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Postrotatory
      nystagmus recorded by ENG during this experiment revealed the response decline
      phenomenon in all animals, and the caloric test performed after the
      rotatostimulation showed 'canal paresis' in the ear on the ampullopetal flow
      side. In a group stimulated for 24 hours, no particular damage on the crista
      ampullaris was noticed. However, in a group stimulated for 72 hours, local damage
      was dominant in the central part of the crista, which showed a tendency to extend
      towards the planum semilunatum according to an increment of changes. These
      findings were more remarkable on the ampullopetal flow side than on the
      ampullofugal flow side, suggesting the predominant effect of the ampullopetal
      endolymph flow in the lateral semicircular canal.

PMID- 6591706
TI  - Ultrastructural study of the effect of acute hyper- and hypotension on the stria
      vascularis and spiral ligament.
AB  - The effects of acute hyper- and hypotension on the stria vascularis and spiral
      ligament of the rat were studied electron microscopically with the horseradish
      peroxidase (HRP) tracer method. Acute hypertension was induced by i.v. infusion
      of methoxamine chloride (Mexan), and acute hypotension by i.v. infusion of a
      ganglion-blocker (Arfonad) and by venesection. In both acute hyper- and
      hypotensive experiments, a large amount of leaked HRP spread into the
      intercellular spaces until it was stopped by tight junctions bordering the stria
      vascularis. The stria capillary endothelium displayed a dense distribution of
      labelled vesicles, which suggests increased vesicular transport. There was no
      extravasation of HRP from capillaries in the spiral ligament, despite the
      presence of some labelled pinocytotic vesicles. The present paper deals with the
      discovery of enhanced capillary permeability of the stria vascularis under acute
      hyper- and hypotension, and makes comparison between acute hyper- and hypotension
      in order to define the function of the stria vascularis.

PMID- 6591707
TI  - Inner ear fluids dynamics and endolymphatic hydrops.
AB  - The inner ear possesses remarkably stable homeostatic mechanisms for the
      maintenance of the functional integrity of the inner ear end-organs. The inner
      ear fluid maintains its homeostasis by a variety of subtle regulatory mechanisms,
      both locally and systemically. Any disturbance in one of these mechanisms can
      induce the disruption of homeostasis expressed by ionic, osmotic, or metabolic
      imbalance between the compartments. This can be manifested as membrane
      displacement or abnormal functions of the inner ear, depending on the degree of
      the disturbance. Further studies are necessary to clarify these regulatory
      mechanisms of homeostasis and those conditions which alter homeostasis which can
      result in the abnormal functions. Further research along this line is essential
      in order to understand the etiology of endolymphatic hydrops and also to
      establish guidelines for possible normalization of this pathological status.

PMID- 6591708
TI  - Otoconia degradation.
AB  - During certain stages of mammalian inner ear development, small crystallized
      bodies which resemble otoconia may be found in the endolymphatic sac. In order to
      examine whether the endolymphatic sac plays any part in the process of
      degradation and dissolution of otoconia, we made an electron-microscopic
      examination on the endolymphatic sac of fetuses and adult guinea pigs injected
      with streptomycin sulfate (SM). In 30-day-old fetal guinea pigs we found
      miniature otoconium-like bodies (OLBs) in the endolymphatic sac and a giant OLB
      in the endolymphatic duct. In adult animals we found no otoconia in the
      endolymphatic sac following SM intoxication. However, the results suggested that
      both the dark cells of the utricle, as well as the non-sensory epithelium of the
      saccule, may be engaged in the absorption and dissolution of otoconia.

PMID- 6591709
TI  - Implications of DNA characterization of human acoustic neuromas.
AB  - Based on in vitro detection of cell-mediated immunity against human acoustic
      neuroma extract, a malignant potential of acoustic neuromas could be surmised, as
      malignant DNA patterns have been demonstrated in benign pituitary tumours. Flow
      cytofluorometric characterization of the DNA content in 10 human acoustic
      neuromas, however, only revealed diploid cell lines and normal distributions of
      cells in different cell cycle phases. All acoustic neuromas were histopathology
      benign. The percentage of cells in S-phase (range: 1.8-8.3%, median: 3.6%)
      reflected a slow growth rate correlated neither to age, size of tumour, nor
      length of case history at time of surgery. These findings may in part be due to
      the analytical variation in the determinations of the S-phases. The investigation
      has not offered any explanation for the observed cell-mediated immunity against
      acoustic neuromas, and confirms that acoustic neuromas are benign tuours.

PMID- 6591710
TI  - Meniere's disease. Role of otospongiosis and metabolic disorders.
AB  - In summary, the available published information on otospongiosis and metabolic
      factors in the production of endolymphatic hydrops viz. Meniere's disease was
      reviewed. By addressing these factors in a therapeutic approach, the effective
      management of this disorder reveals results as good as the reported surgical
      results. In addition, it was possible to salvage patients who had previously
      undergone successful surgery only to deteriorate several years later. At this
      time, the role of surgery on the endolymphatic sac is reserved for those patients
      who are failures in this form of management.

PMID- 6591711
TI  - Detection of delayed endolymphatic hydrops by the furosemide test.
AB  - Delayed endolymphatic hydrops, an entity which can be differentiated from
      Meniere's disease, was first reported simultaneously by Nadol et al. (1975) and
      Wolfson & Leiberman (1975) and specified by Schuknecht (1978). They diagnosed it
      from the anamnesis of patients and confirmed the hydropic condition of the
      labyrinth solely by evidence obtained from surgical procedures such as
      labyrinthectomy. The aim of the present study was to emphasize the usefulness of
      the furosemide test for distinguishing this entity before surgery by detecting
      the hydropic condition in the labyrinth. In these 3 years, we encountered 11
      cases of endolymphatic hydrops, 9 ipsilateral and 2 contralateral, in our clinic
      (Univ. of Tokyo Hospital). Among the ipsilateral cases, the estimated genesis of
      pre-existing hearing loss was most frequent in mumps (44%). The result of the
      furosemide test in this group was 89% positive. On the basis of this result, we
      have been able to choose the method of treatment, i.e. 4 cases treated by
      epidural shunt operation on the endolymphatic sac, 2 by labyrinthectomy, one by
      cochleosacculotomy and 2 by medication with steroids and diuretics. In the 2
      contralateral cases, one was treated by epidural shunt and the other by
      medication. The authors are therefore able to confirm the usefulness of the
      furosemide test for detecting delayed endolymphatic hydrops.

PMID- 6591712
TI  - Meniere's disease: peripheral or central origin. A neuroanatomical study.
AB  - Previous clinical and histological studies have suggested that the aetiology of
      Meniere's disease should be sought not only in the endolymphatic hydrops, but
      also in pathological changes of the brain and brain stem. Moreover,
      neuropsychological studies have indicated some centralization of the disease,
      whether it be primary or secondary. In order to elucidate this problem further we
      have examined the temporal bones and brains of 4 patients with Meniere's disease,
      who died of diseases unrelated to the inner ear or the central auditory and
      vestibular pathways. Endolymphatic hydrops was found in 6 temporal bones to a
      varying degree, as well as degeneration of the ganglion cells. The brain stem was
      divided by many horizontal sections from the rostral border of the superior
      colliculi above, to 15 mm caudal to the border between pons and medulla below.
      The principal nuclei and fascicles, the intra- and extraparenchymatous vessels
      and the leptomeninges were examined. The morphology of ganglion and glial cells
      was studied. Myelin sheaths were investigated for focal or diffuse demyelination,
      and the axons were observed. In addition, vessels and leptomeninges were studied
      for atherosclerosis and fibrosis. The brain autopsies did not reveal any changes,
      either locally or diffusely, which could support central pathoanatomical lesions
      as being responsible for the symptoms in Meniere's disease.

PMID- 6591713
TI  - Pathogenesis of experimental endolymphatic hydrops.
AB  - The protein content and the d.c. potential of the endolymph differs in the
      various parts of the endolymphatic space (cochlea, utricle, semicircular canals
      and endolymphatic sac) as also does the ion composition (chloride, potassium,
      sodium). 12 months after obliteration of the endolymphatic sac and duct in guinea
      pigs the d.c. potential falls, whereas, the sodium activity increases. The
      endolymphatic hydrops is not caused by an increased colloid osmotic pressure. The
      increased water-binding capacity of the cochlear endolymph is correlated with the
      increased Na+ activity.

PMID- 6591714
TI  - Sensory hairs as mechanical filters in crista ampullaris: passive through
      structure and active through contraction.
AB  - The present text is a summary of original work describing individual variation in
      mechanical filter properties between different sensory hair bundles in the frog
      crista ampullaris. The difference relies on a variation of the degree of
      development of stereocilia within each bundle. Active control of mechanical
      properties is implied by the finding that media that would induce contraction in
      a muscle cell cause a restriction of motility of the sensory hairs.

PMID- 6591715
TI  - The ultrastructure of the human endolymphatic duct.
AB  - The fine structure of the human endolymphatic duct as observed at transmission
      electron microscopy (TEM) is described. After fixation of inner ears by
      perilymphatic perfusion adequately preserved tissue specimens were obtained. Our
      morphological findings seem to be in accordance with the earlier proposition that
      the human endolymphatic duct may be involved in endolymph resorption. The duct
      was found to contain otoconia-like bodies, suggesting that the endolymphatic duct
      and sac, may play a role in the turnover of macular otoconia.

PMID- 6591716
TI  - Meniere's disease and fibrositis syndrome (psychogenic rheumatism). Relationship
      in audiometric and nystagmographic results.
AB  - A prospective neuro-otological study concerning 30 cases of fibrositis syndrome
      (psychogenic rheumatism, PR) and 30 age-matched normal controls was made and a
      retrospective study concerning 33 cases of Meniere's disease (MD) diagnosed and
      followed-up, examined between 1965 and 1982. Results showed: sensorineural
      hearing loss at low frequencies in all early stages of MD and in 10/30 of PR;
      hyperacusis (pain threshold below 100 dBHL bilaterally for all frequencies)
      without other sign of recruitment in 73.3% of PR and in 3/4 cases of MD where it
      was measured (discomfort or vertigo due to noise was noted retrospectively in
      16/33 of early stages of MD); hyperreactivity of per-rotatory nystagmus in 53.3%
      of PR without neurological or peripheral vestibular lesions and, with or without
      vestibular unilateral lesions, in 39.9% of MD. None of the controls showed
      hyperacusis, hyperreactivity of per-rotatory nystagmus or deafness at low
      frequencies.

PMID- 6591718
TI  - Brainstem changes in vestibular compensation.

PMID- 6591717
TI  - The natural course of Meniere's disease.
AB  - A retrospective study of 161 Meniere patients followed up for 9 years or more is
      presented. The development with respect to hearing, caloric response, vertigo and
      ability to work was analysed. The main functional loss was found to take place
      early in the course of the disease. There was an increase in bilaterality with
      time.

PMID- 6591719
TI  - An approach to quantify central vestibular compensation.
AB  - Central vestibular compensation is the ultimate goal for the dizzy patient.
      Monitoring spontaneous nystagmus and caloric responses are not usually correlated
      with the patient progress and cannot be objectively documented. On the other
      hand, Temporal Asymmetry Shift (TAS) is a more accurate and objective measure of
      central vestibular compensation. Furthermore, its dynamic pattern offers a
      reliable indicator to differentiate between peripheral and central vestibular
      dysfunctions.

PMID- 6591720
TI  - Vestibular compensation after sudden loss of inner ear or vestibular nerve
      functions.

PMID- 6591722
TI  - Cancer epidemiology. Some methodological reflections.

PMID- 6591721
TI  - Bechterew's phenomenon in humans. A new explanation.
AB  - Bechterew's phenomenon, or reversal of post-unilateral labyrinthectomy
      spontaneous nystagmus following subsequent contralateral labyrinthectomy in
      experimental animals, has been known for 100 years. However, it is rarely
      observed in humans. This paper describes Bechterew's phenomenon in a patient
      following successful mitral valve replacement and aorto-coronary bypass. The
      observations are compatible with a recent study which postulates that
      intervestibular commissural pathways, forming closed loops for neural signals
      between the vestibular nuclei, may be the main site for vestibular compensation
      which is associated with the recovery of balanced resting activity in the
      bilateral vestibular nuclei (Galiana 'et al., 1983). Using simple analytic
      arguments, it is found that compensation of nystagmus following unilateral
      labyrinthectomy, the Bechterew's phenomenon and its compensation, and recovery
      nystagmus could all result from long-term neural changes at the level of
      commissural connections.

PMID- 6591723
TI  - Medical application of synchrotron radiation. Proceedings of an international
      conference in Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, April 1982.

PMID- 6591724
TI  - Instrumentation for synchrotron radiation research.

PMID- 6591725
TI  - X-ray absorption in biologic tissue.

PMID- 6591726
TI  - Applications of synchrotron radiation in molecular biology.

PMID- 6591727
TI  - X-ray microscopy.

PMID- 6591729
TI  - Protein crystallographic drug design using synchrotron radiation.

PMID- 6591728
TI  - X-ray absorption near edge structure determination of calcium sites of troponin C
      and parvalbumin.

PMID- 6591731
TI  - Echography.

PMID- 6591730
TI  - Synchrotron radiation for examination of the circulatory system.

PMID- 6591732
TI  - Accelerators for generating synchrotron radiation.

PMID- 6591733
TI  - Medical applications of nuclear magnetic resonance.

PMID- 6591734
TI  - 31P NMR spectroscopy of animal brain and human limbs.

PMID- 6591735
TI  - Iohexol--Omnipaque. Clinical experience with a new non-ionic contrast medium.

PMID- 6591736
TI  - Cardioangiography in man using iohexol and meglumine-Na diatrizoate. A comparison
      of hemodynamic and electrocardiographic effects.
AB  - The initial clinical experience from 5 centers in the United States with iohexol
      for routine cardioangiography is presented. The investigation includes 124
      patients who received iohexol and 127 patients who received meglumine-Na
      diatrizoate. Iohexol produced a lesser degree of systemic hypotension after
      coronary angiography and left ventriculography than diatrizoate. No deleterious
      electrocardiographic changes were observed after iohexol injections. Iohexol was
      well tolerated by the patients and it may become a preferred contrast medium for
      routine clinical cardioangiography.

PMID- 6591737
TI  - Effects of iohexol and metrizoate on myocardial blood flow and metabolism.
AB  - In 10 patients coronary sinus blood flow (CSBF) was measured during and after
      injection of iohexol and meglumine-Na-Ca metrizoate in the left coronary artery.
      Oxygen saturation, lactate concentration and hematocrit were determined in the
      aorta and coronary sinus before and after a second injection of the two contrast
      media. The increase in CSBF was significantly more marked and sustained after
      injection of metrizoate than after iohexol and myocardial arterio-venous oxygen
      difference was significantly lower. Myocardial oxygen consumption and lactate
      metabolism were not adversely affected by any of the contrast media. The fall in
      hematocrit in coronary sinus blood was significantly greater after metrizoate.

PMID- 6591738
TI  - Comparison of iohexol and meglumine-Na diatrizoate in cerebral angiography.
AB  - A double blind investigation comparing meglumine-Na diatrizoate (290 mg I/ml) and
      iohexol (300 mg I/ml) showed that patients receiving iohexol experienced
      significantly less discomfort. Patients who received diatrizoate commonly showed
      transient episodes of hypertension while those who received iohexol either showed
      no changes or transient episodes of hypotension. No significant changes in heart
      rate were observed in either group.

PMID- 6591739
TI  - Iohexol and metrizamide for urography in infants and children.
AB  - The new non-ionic contrast medium iohexol, was compared with metrizamide in a
      double blind investigation. Urography was performed in 40 children below 6 years
      of age. Adverse reactions were negligible. A small decrease in erythrocyte volume
      fraction (hematocrit) values after the injection was found in both groups.
      Excellent films were obtained in most patients and no difference in diagnostic
      quality between the two media was observed.

PMID- 6591740
TI  - Iohexol compared with diatrizoate in pediatric urography.
AB  - Iohexol (300 mg I/ml) was compared with meglumine-Na diatrizoate (290 mg I/ml) in
      a randomized, single blind, parallel investigation in pediatric urography.
      Urography with iohexol was performed in 25 infants and with diatrizoate in 26. No
      changes of clinical importance were observed in blood or urine. No patient
      reactions were observed in the iohexol group, while 3 patients in the diatrizoate
      group had reactions assessed to be caused by the contrast medium. Iohexol gave
      somewhat better diagnostic information than diatrizoate.

PMID- 6591741
TI  - Double blind comparison between iohexol and metrizoate in phlebography of the
      lower limb.
AB  - A new, non-ionic low osmolar contrast medium, iohexol 240 mg I/ml, has been
      tested in a randomized double blind parallel investigation versus meglumine-Ca
      metrizoate 200 mg I/ml. The study was performed to evaluate the suitability of
      the contrast medium in phlebography. No post-phlebographic complications were
      seen in the 24 patients examined with iohexol 240 mg I/ml or in 8 patients
      examined with iohexol 300 mg I/ml. In the 19 patients examined with metrizoate
      200 mg I/ml, 7 had a post-phlebographic thrombotic complication (37%). The
      radiographic image quality was not significantly different between the two
      contrast media, neither were the immediate side effects during contrast
      injections. It has thus been shown that iohexol is a suitable contrast medium in
      phlebography of the lower limb and that it is preferable to conventional contrast
      media.

PMID- 6591742
TI  - Mild hypertension. Proceedings of the XIth scientific meeting of the Danish
      Society of Hypertension. Glostrup, 22nd April, 1983.

PMID- 6591743
TI  - Incidence of vascular complications in mild hypertension. A 15 year follow-up
      study.

PMID- 6591744
TI  - The haemodynamic pattern in mild and borderline hypertension.

PMID- 6591745
TI  - Psychological and hemodynamic factors in borderline hypertension.

PMID- 6591746
TI  - The role of the autonomic nervous system in borderline and mild hypertension.

PMID- 6591747
TI  - Genetic influence on sympathetic nervous activity and cellular sodium/potassium
      regulation in borderline and mild hypertension.

PMID- 6591748
TI  - The complement C3F gene as a risk factor for vascular events in hypertension.

PMID- 6591749
TI  - Immunology and vascular events in mild hypertension.

PMID- 6591751
TI  - The diabetic gangrene: research and clinical practice. Proceedings of a symposium
      in Umea, Sweden, October 14-15, 1982.

PMID- 6591750
TI  - Borderline and mild hypertension--definitions and prevalence.

PMID- 6591752
TI  - Zinc metabolism in long term alloxan diabetic rats after thermal trauma.
AB  - Alloxan treated rats with diabetes of 6 weeks' and 15 months' duration
      respectively were submitted to local cutaneous traumatization with heat and the
      changes in zinc and copper metabolism were studied. All diabetic animals were
      hyperzincemic before the traumatization. Previous experiments have demonstrated a
      fall in serum zinc concentration after traumatization, and this reaction was more
      pronounced in short term diabetic rats than in controls. In the present study
      this reaction was less pronounced in the diabetic rats than in the non diabetic
      controls 15 months after alloxan injection. A time-dependent factor in the
      development of granulocytic dysfunction is suggested as a cause for the
      differences in zinc metabolism found between rats with short term and long term
      alloxan diabetes respectively. The only change in copper metabolism found in this
      study was a slight increase in copper concentration in the liver after
      traumatization of rats with alloxan diabetes of 15 months' duration.

PMID- 6591753
TI  - 65Zn turnover in short-term alloxan diabetic rats.
AB  - 65Zn was injected subcutaneously in eleven rats with alloxan diabetes of five
      days duration and in nine control rats. Fifty hours after the injection of 65Zn
      the animals were killed with an overdose of ether. In the alloxan diabetic rats
      signs of an altered zinc metabolism were found with an increased excretion of
      zinc in urine and possibly also faeces and an elevated zinc concentration in the
      liver compared to controls. The results also indicate an altered distribution of
      serum zinc in alloxan treated rats. Future studies will be necessary to
      demonstrate whether changes in zinc metabolism are secondary to the onset of
      diabetes or a primary effect of alloxan treatment.

PMID- 6591754
TI  - Vital capillary microscopy for assessment of skin viability and microangiopathy
      in patients with diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Vital capillaroscopy is useful in clinical practice to study the nutritional skin
      capillaries and for evaluating the risk for skin necrosis in patients with
      peripheral ischemia. This method is especially valuable in the investigation of
      patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in whom the arterial inflow to the foot can
      be almost normal despite the development of skin necrosis due to impaired
      nutritional circulation. When the capillary morphology in the feet of
      asymptomatic diabetic patients was investigated, significantly more areas with
      widely dilated capillaries were present both in insulin and tablet treated
      patients compared to controls. By using dynamic capillaroscopy the flow velocity
      in skin capillaries can be determined under physiological conditions. Fourteen
      diabetic patients were compared with matched non-diabetic controls. The capillary
      blood flow during resting conditions was equal in the two groups but a delay in
      the postocclusive reactive hyperemia response was seen in the diabetic patients.
      The reason for this may be a vasomotor dysfunction in the precapillary arterioles
      or an increased blood viscosity. Further studies using dynamic vital
      capillaroscopy may improve our knowledge of the complex mechanisms responsible
      for diabetic microangiopathy.

PMID- 6591755
TI  - Is hemoglobin concentration a predictor for the outcome of distal gangrenous
      lesions in diabetics?
AB  - The predictive value of some routine laboratory tests given on admission was
      evaluated in a retrospective study to determine whether any given value could
      predict the outcome of distal gangrenous lesions and amputations in diabetic and
      nondiabetic patients. There was no difference in preoperative hemoglobin
      concentration between successful and unsuccessful amputations in 45 diabetic and
      59 nondiabetic patients. In another group of 191 diabetic patients with distal
      gangrenous lesions, the lesions healed after nonsurgical treatment in 112
      patients, 54 patients were submitted to amputation and 25 patients died before
      the lesions healed. Patients submitted to amputation had lower hemoglobin levels
      and higher erythrocyte sedimentation rates and white blood counts than patients
      in whom the lesions healed, whilst there were no differences between these two
      groups concerning blood glucose concentration or body temperature.

PMID- 6591756
TI  - Is tobacco of importance for the development and progression of diabetic vascular
      complications?

PMID- 6591757
TI  - Diabetic macroangiopathy. Medial calcifications, narrowing, rugosities,
      stiffness, norepinephrine depletion and reduced blood flow capacity in the leg
      arteries.
AB  - Five quantitative studies performed to disclose and measure diabetic
      abnormalities in the leg arteries are reported and briefly discussed. A medial as
      well as an intimal disease was found in the diabetic leg arteries. Thus
      roentgenological medial calcification correlated to glucose intolerance in older
      non-diabetics and to diabetes duration in young insulin dependent diabetics. An
      intimal roughness was disclosed by arteriography in young insulin-dependent
      diabetic patients. The roughness grew worse the longer the diabetes persisted.
      The development of this abnormality did not take place simultaneous with the
      medial calcification, but was closely connected with another disclosed
      abnormality, a uniform arterial narrowing, quite unlike the well known abrupt
      narrowing in older patients. The existence of a uniform arterial narrowing in
      diabetic patients was confirmed by ultrasonography and the use of this technique
      further revealed arterial stiffness as a long-term diabetic phenomenon. A
      functional abnormality of the leg arteries of diabetic patients was disclosed by
      measurement of the postischemic peak blood flow in the leg in a 45 degree feet
      down position. A vast destruction of the autonomic nerves of the peripheral
      arteries was demonstrated by measurement of the norepinephrine content post
      mortem in long-term diabetic patients. The results reported suggest a specific
      element in the large-vessel disease of diabetic patients.

PMID- 6591758
TI  - Skeletal lesions and arterial calcifications of the feet in diabetics.
AB  - A radiological study of the feet was performed in 162 unselected diabetic
      patients with gangrene. They were compared with 59 diabetic patients without
      gangrene, 45 patients with familial amyloidosis and polyneuropathy and 30 healthy
      controls. The patients with familial amyloidosis had severe distal neuropathy but
      normal oral glucose tolerance test curves. Radiographic findings, e.g. skeletal
      destructions (diabetic osteopathy) and arterial calcification of the medial type
      were classified without knowledge of the clinical findings. Osteopathy was more
      common in diabetic patients with gangrene than in the other groups of patients.
      Medial arterial calcification was more common among diabetics with gangrene
      compared to patients with amyloidosis and to controls. There were no differences
      between diabetics without gangrene and patients with amyloidosis, but both of
      these groups had more calcifications than the controls. Our study suggests that
      diabetic osteopathy is not caused by peripheral neuropathy per se. The skeletal
      and skin lesions in diabetic patients are probably equivalent lesions localized
      to different tissues in the feet. It has been suggested that medial degeneration
      in the arterial wall is due to neuropathy. In agreement with this suggestion, the
      patients with familial amyloidosis and neuropathy had medial calcification.
      However, in diabetic patients this does not exclude other etiological agents.

PMID- 6591759
TI  - An epidemiological survey of diabetic foot problems in the Stockholm County 1982.
AB  - Diabetic foot disease is a severe complication to diabetes mellitus. Preventive
      measures can reduce its occurrence and consequences. The present study was
      performed in order to assess the prevalence of diabetic foot disease in an
      urbanized area with well developed medical facilities. The study was based on a
      mail questionnaire to a stratified, randomized sample of 742 diabetics living in
      the Stockholm county. Only one third of these patients were free of diabetic foot
      symptoms. Many patients with severe signs found it difficult to take care of
      their feet, were living alone and did not seek professional help for their foot
      problems. Only 66% of the patients with severe foot disease utilized hospitals
      for their diabetes care. Furthermore, only half of them relied on some type of
      professional care for their feet.

PMID- 6591760
TI  - Foot angiography in diabetic patients with gangrene.
AB  - The most unpleasant side effect of peripheral angiography is an intense pain and
      a burning sensation following the injection of the contrast material. It was
      recently shown (1) that the use of a non-ionic and less hypertonic contrast
      medium (metrizamide) in femoral angiography was associated with less pain when
      compared to an ionic medium (metrizoate). We thought it therefore advisable to
      perform foot angiography with such a non-ionic contrast medium (Amipaque,
      Nyegaard & Co, Oslo, Norway) in 9 diabetic patients with soft tissue and skeletal
      lesions of the foot. The angiographic examination was considered valuable for
      planning of therapy and predicting the prognosis. The results of the examinations
      are illustrated and discussed with regard to visualization of the digital
      arteries, subjective reactions to the angiographic examination and relationship
      of the vascular findings to soft tissue and skeletal lesions. It is stated that
      foot angiography performed with a non-ionic contrast medium is painless and
      allows contrast filling of the most peripheral digital arterial branches. On the
      basis of the angiographic findings the gangrenous lesions were categorized as
      ischemic or non-ischemic.

PMID- 6591761
TI  - Wound assessment in clinical practice. A critical review of methods and their
      application.
AB  - This review describes the methods that may be used clinically for the assessment
      of open wounds and indicates potential limitations in their usefulness. None of
      the methods available for the appraisal of wounds in human subjects measures
      healing directly but a number of objective variables may be used to shed light on
      the healing process. Research methods have been suggested that may be clinically
      useful in assessing healing but are not generally available at present.

PMID- 6591762
TI  - Th enigma of diabetic gangrene.

PMID- 6591763
TI  - Plasminogen content in diabetic wounds.
AB  - Plasminogen concentrations in secretions from distal wounds of 10 diabetic and 5
      non-diabetic patients were determined spectrophotometrically. The plasminogen
      content in the secretions from the wounds was very low, only about 2% of the
      plasminogen content in plasma. There was no significant difference between
      diabetic and non-diabetic wounds concerning plasminogen content.

PMID- 6591764
TI  - Reconstructive vascular surgery in diabetic patients with peripheral arterial
      insufficiency.
AB  - Peripheral arterial insufficiency in diabetic patients is for vascular surgeons a
      special problem as there even may be a distal diabetic angiopathy in the leg
      arteries. Preoperative adequate evaluation and selection of the patients is
      necessary before vascular reconstruction. Of 100 consecutive patients operated on
      with femoropopliteal bypass 33 were diabetic and 67 nondiabetic. Eleven of the
      diabetic patients were one year later asymptomatic, eight improved but eight were
      amputated.

PMID- 6591765
TI  - Amputations in diabetic patients in Gotland and Umea counties 1971-1980.
AB  - In two counties of Sweden, Gotland and Umea, lower leg or thigh amputations were
      performed during 1971-1980 in 111 and 71 diabetic patients, respectively. These
      figures correspond to 20.5 and 6.5 per 100 000 inhabitants and year,
      respectively. The corresponding incidence for Umea city and the rural area
      surrounding Umea was 3.1 and 13.8/100 000 inhabitants and year, respectively. The
      lower frequency of amputations in Umea was probably the consequence of a
      restricted period of systematic search for early signs of gangrene, as a part of
      a research program, but other factors could also be of importance and these are
      discussed. The death rate of the patients was high in both series, after 2 years
      only about one third of the patients were still alive.

PMID- 6591766
TI  - Influence of autonomic neuropathy on leg circulation and toe temperature in
      diabetes mellitus.
AB  - The relationship between neuropathy and peripheral circulation was assessed in 26
      patients with a short to moderate duration (less than 20 years, mean 11 years)
      and in 26 patients with a long duration (greater than 20 years, mean 35 years) of
      diabetes mellitus. Peripheral nervous function was evaluated from measurements of
      vibration thresholds and ankle reflexes and autonomic nervous function from deep
      breathing, Valsalva, and tilt table tests. Peripheral circulatory tests included
      plethysmography, systolic blood pressure ratios, and thermography. A markedly
      delayed toe temperature increase after cooling followed by indirect heating
      occurred in diabetics of short duration with autonomic neuropathy (AN). Judging
      from blood flows and pressure ratios, functional vasospasm caused abnormal toe
      temperature reactions in short duration diabetics. No correlation existed between
      AN and abnormal toe temperature reactions in diabetics of long duration.
      Macroangiopathy rather than AN seemed to be responsible for abnormal toe
      temperature reactions in long duration diabetics. Thus, an abnormal toe
      temperature reaction indicates AN in patients with a short duration and
      macroangiopathy in patients with a long duration of diabetes.

PMID- 6591767
TI  - Amputations in diabetics and nondiabetics in Umea county 1971-1977.
AB  - A consecutive series of 95 unselected patients submitted to amputation of the
      lower leg (59%) or at the thigh (41%) during 1971-1977 are the material of this
      retrospective study. Fifty-three were diabetic and 42 nondiabetic, the mean age
      was 77.2 and 73.1 years, respectively. There were no differences between
      diabetics and nondiabetics concerning age, lower leg/thigh amputations,
      postoperative healing, rehabilitation using prosthesis or subsequent amputation
      of the second leg.

PMID- 6591768
TI  - Treatment of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome with depot neuroleptics.

PMID- 6591769
TI  - [Buccodental lesions and malignant hemopathies].

PMID- 6591770
TI  - Conformational changes of nuclear chromatin related to phospholipid induced
      modifications of the template availability.
AB  - The phospholipid involvement in the regulation of the functional and structural
      properties of isolated nuclei has been studied by analyzing the composition and
      the possible function of the nuclear matrix bound phospholipids in rat liver and
      murine erythroleukemic cells. The digestion of the matrix phospholipids with
      phospholipases results in the release of essentially all the newly replicated
      matrix DNA. The exogenous addition of liposomal phosphatidylserine to rat liver
      nuclei induces chromatin structural changes consisting in a disaggregation of the
      heterochromatin, probably mediated by the matrix remodeling, and in a transition
      from the solenoid fiber to the nucleosome filament, due to the removal of the
      histone H1. These effects occur through a direct interaction of phospholipid
      molecules with the inner nuclear components, as demonstrated by
      carboxyfluorescein transfer and electron microscope autoradiography.

PMID- 6591771
TI  - Hepatocellular glycogenosis and related pattern of enzymatic changes during
      hepatocarcinogenesis.
AB  - Systematic studies of the sequence of cellular changes during
      hepatocarcinogenesis induced predominantly in rats by stop experiments with N
      nitrosomorpholine (NNM) led to the following main results and conclusions: The
      development of hepatocellular tumors is preceded by a multifocal hepatic glycogen
      storage disease (glycogenosis). Cytomorphological and cytochemical findings
      suggest a sequence of focal changes leading from clear and acidophilic glycogen
      storage foci through mixed cell foci and neoplastic nodules to hepatocellular
      carcinomas. The clear and acidophilic glycogen storage cells persisting after
      withdrawal of the carcinogen apparently represent a preneoplastic cell
      population, the neoplastic transformation of which is accompanied by a gradual
      reduction of glycogen and a concomitant increase in ribosomes (basophilia). The
      first appearance and frequency of the different liver lesions investigated was
      shown to depend on the dose of carcinogen administered. With increasing dose of
      NNM, the number of focal lesions considerably increased, and this was accompanied
      by an earlier development of mixed and basophilic cell populations. There was no
      indication of any reversibility of pronounced focal lesions under the
      experimental conditions chosen. On the contrary, the foci became larger and
      acquired phenotypic markers closer to neoplasia independent of further action of
      the carcinogen. Enzyme histochemically, the majority of the pronounced glycogen
      storage foci showed a reduction in the activities of glycogen phosphorylase and
      glucose-6-phosphatase while the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, a
      key enzyme for the pentose phosphate pathway, was increased. The mixed cell foci,
      neoplastic nodules and carcinomas which emerged at later stages were
      characterized by a progressive shift away from glycogen metabolism towards
      glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. as indicated by an increase in
      glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
      activities. These changes in enzyme pattern are in keeping with a developmental
      sequence leading from glycogen storage foci through mixed cell foci and
      neoplastic nodules to hepatocellular carcinomas. Biochemical microanalysis of
      dissected glycogen storage foci and mixed cell foci revealed that the foci
      composed exclusively of storage cells contained on an average 100% more glycogen
      than the normal liver tissue. The overall glycogen content of the mixed cell
      foci, which were composed of both glycogenotic and glycogen-poor basophilic
      cells, was not distinguishable from that of normal tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      400 WORDS)

PMID- 6591773
TI  - Pathophysiology and treatment of asthma and arthritis. Symposium held at Erasmus
      University, Rotterdam, October 14-15, 1982 to celebrate the 60th birthday of
      Prof. Dr. I.L. Bonta.

PMID- 6591774
TI  - Treatment of bronchial asthma.

PMID- 6591772
TI  - Are prostaglandins cytoprotective in the human large intestine? The effect of
      indomethacin on rectal mucosal function and prostaglandin E2 release in vivo.
AB  - To test the hypothesis that prostaglandins are cytoprotective in the human large
      intestine, we investigated the effect of withdrawal of treatment with
      indomethacin suppositories on bowel habit and on rectal mucosal electrolyte
      transport and prostaglandin production in 8 patients taking such treatment for
      rheumatological disorders. Discontinuation of indomethacin doubled rectal mucosal
      prostaglandin E2 release (p less than 0.05) measured by in vivo rectal dialysis.
      Although there was no significant overall change in stool frequency, stool
      consistency, rectal bleeding or sodium absorption (also assessed by rectal
      dialysis), sigmoidoscopic appearance (p = 0.05), rectal mucosal potential
      difference (p less than 0.05) and potassium transport (p = 0.01) each reverted
      towards normal on indomethacin withdrawal. These results accord with the theory
      that, as in the upper gastrointestinal tract, prostaglandins may play a role in
      the maintenance of rectal mucosal structure and function.

PMID- 6591775
TI  - Diagnostic aspects of joint diseases with special reference to rheumatoid
      arthritis.

PMID- 6591776
TI  - New developments in the pathophysiology of asthma.

PMID- 6591777
TI  - [Fibrous dysplasia of the maxilla. Case report and short discussion of the
      literature].

PMID- 6591778
TI  - [Loss of osseous substance in maxillo-facial orthopedic surgery].

PMID- 6591779
TI  - [Sub-mucous velar clefts].

PMID- 6591781
TI  - Investigation of the endodontic space in maxillary first permanent molars.

PMID- 6591780
TI  - [New etiopathogenic and therapeutic approach to temporo-maxillary dysfunction].

PMID- 6591782
TI  - [Diagnosis of enamel lesions on the approximal surfaces of premolar and molar
      teeth].

PMID- 6591783
TI  - [The effect of chelating agents on human dentin].

PMID- 6591784
TI  - [Effect of mycostatics on eliminating oral Candida albicans].

PMID- 6591785
TI  - [The intensity of glossopyrosis depending on the duration of the cervical
      syndrome].

PMID- 6591786
TI  - [Defense mechanisms of the pulpo-dentinal complex: sclerosis, secondary dentin,
      reparative dentin].

PMID- 6591787
TI  - [Prevention of pathological lesions of the oral mucosa due to xerostomia in the
      postmenopausal period].

PMID- 6591788
TI  - [The differences in the frequency and intensity of caries in twins].

PMID- 6591789
TI  - [The effects of plaque, various microelements and immunoglobulin A from the
      saliva on dental caries].

PMID- 6591790
TI  - [Carabelli's trait in the population of Zagreb].

PMID- 6591791
TI  - [Electromyographic recording of the action potentials of the masseter and
      temporal muscles in central occlusion].

PMID- 6591792
TI  - [Idiopathic bone cavity of the mandible].

PMID- 6591793
TI  - [New cards in endodontic therapy].

PMID- 6591794
TI  - Patients' observations on the dental office.

PMID- 6591795
TI  - Characterization by ultrastructural cytochemistry of normal and leukemic myeloid
      cells reacting with monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - Six monoclonal antibodies (McAb) of the FMC series with specificity for
      granulocytic or monocytic cells were investigated by means of the immunogold
      method in combination with the myeloperoxidase reaction at ultrastructural level.
      This method allowed a precise characterization of the level of myeloid maturation
      at which the antigens detected by the McAb were expressed and confirmed their
      specificity for the two myeloid lineages. In addition, it facilitated the
      identification of granulocytic and monocytic cell components in cases of acute
      myeloid and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Blast cells did not react with any
      of the McAb used, and the reactivity in more mature cells was parallel to the
      development of cytoplasmic granules. The pattern of reactivity was similar in
      normal and leukemic cells, thus suggesting that these McAb could be applied to
      studies of normal myelopoiesis and to the classification of leukemia.

PMID- 6591797
TI  - Genetic aspects of vulvar lichen sclerosus.
AB  - Thirteen instances of familial lichen sclerosus have been recorded in the
      literature. This report documents the disease in two additional families and adds
      genetic data on their HLA characteristics. The relationship of these factors to a
      possible autoimmune mechanism for the disease is discussed.

PMID- 6591796
TI  - Genetic distances between the Utah Mormons and related populations.
AB  - Gene frequency data, consisting of six red cell antigen loci, nine
      electrophoretic systems, and HLA-A and -B are reported for the Utah Mormon
      population. These are compared statistically to gene frequencies from at U.S.
      population, 13 European populations, and seven populations from three religious
      isolates. The Mormon gene frequencies are similar to those of their northern
      European ancestors. This is explained by the large founding size of the Mormon
      population and high rates of gene flow. In contrast, the religious isolates
      (Amish, Hutterites, and Mennonites) show marked divergence from their ancestral
      populations and each other, due to isolation and random genetic drift. The HLA
      loci and electrophoretic loci presented here yield sets of genetic distances that
      are highly correlated (r = .734) and that both correspond closely to the actual
      geographic distances among the European populations. The genetic distances based
      on red cell antigen loci correspond less closely to the geographic distances and
      exhibit lower correlations with both the HLA and electrophoretic loci (r = .524
      and r = .565, respectively).

PMID- 6591798
TI  - Elastic property ratios of a triple-stranded stainless steel arch wire.
AB  - The general elastic property ratio equations for nth-stranded wires are derived
      and then specified for the case of a triple-stranded arch wire. Several
      parameters are defined, including the modulus of elasticity (E) and the helical
      spring (kappa) and bending plane (lambda) shape factors. Thereafter, the elastic
      property ratios of a wide range of compositional/configurational combinations are
      determined, using a representative triple-stranded 0.0175 inch (3 X 0.008 inch)
      stainless steel wire as the base line. These results show that the particular 3 X
      0.008 inch wire studied possesses the stiffness of an 0.010 inch stainless steel
      wire but has at least 20% more strength and range. Furthermore, the stiffness of
      the 3 X 0.008 inch multistranded wire is similar to an 0.016 inch nickel-titanium
      wire but only 40% that of an 0.016 inch beta titanium wire. When these elastic
      property ratios are compared with the previous results reported by Thurow,
      Burstone, and Kusy, differences are noted which can be explained on the basis of
      the mechanical property values and/or the geometric modeling assumed.

PMID- 6591799
TI  - Electrocautery in orthodontics.
AB  - Electrocautery has all but disappeared from the clinical dental setting. Through
      technical advances, there have been developed new instruments which must now
      challenge the profession to re-examine the use of electrocautery as a valuable
      adjunct, particularly in the field of orthodontics. This article will describe a
      simple yet effective battery-operated electrocautery unit. Indications and
      examples of its use will also be presented.

PMID- 6591800
TI  - Analysis of simulated upper airway breathing.
AB  - There is substantial disagreement among clinicians concerning the etiologic
      significance of impaired nasal respiration. Conflicting views concerning the
      effects of breathing on facial growth suggest the need for a more quantitative
      approach to this important question. This investigation is the first in a series
      of studies representing a new direction for objectively assessing airway
      breathing. A model of the upper airway was used to study air movement under
      controlled conditions. The specific objectives were to determine the effects of
      airway size and shape on the aerodynamics of simulated breathing and develop a
      theoretical basis for predicting when breathing mode will change from nasal to
      predominantly oral. The following theoretical predictions are made on the basis
      of data generated from the model: A nasal airway cross-sectional area of less
      than 0.4 cm2 may represent an inadequate airway in adults and some mouth
      breathing would be expected. The amount of adenoid obstruction must be very large
      to affect airway resistance. However, if airway resistance in the nose is high,
      large adenoids would present a serious airway problem and cause predominantly
      mouth breathing. When nasal airway resistance is high, the mouth will open
      approximately 0.4 to 0.6 cm2. This shifts a significant amount of air orally and
      reduces airway resistance to a normal level. If morphologic changes are caused by
      airway impairment, other factors such as a large tongue, large tonsils, or a
      long, draping velum are probably significant contributing factors.

PMID- 6591801
TI  - Airway adequacy, head posture, and craniofacial morphology.
AB  - Previous studies of different samples have demonstrated associations between
      craniocervical angulation and craniofacial morphology, between airway obstruction
      by adenoids and craniofacial morphology, and between airway obstruction and
      craniocervical angulation. A hypothesis to account for the different sets of
      associations was suggested by Solow and Kreiborg in 1977. In the present study,
      the three sets of associations were examined in a single group of nonpathologic
      subjects with no history of airway obstruction. Cephalometric radiographs taken
      in the natural head position and rhinomanometric recordings were obtained from
      twenty-four children 7 to 9 years of age. Correlations were calculated between
      twenty-seven morphologic, eight postural, and two airway variables. A large
      craniocervical angle was, on the average, seen in connection with small
      mandibular dimensions, mandibular retrognathism, and a large mandibular
      inclination. Obstructed nasopharyngeal airways (defined as a small pm-ad 2
      radiographic distance and a large nasal respiratory resistance, NRR, determined
      rhinomanometrically) were, on the average, seen in connection with a large
      craniocervical angle and with small mandibular dimensions, mandibular
      retrognathism, a large mandibular inclination, and retroclination of the upper
      incisors. The observed correlations were in agreement with the predicted pattern
      of associations between craniofacial morphology, craniocervical angulation, and
      airway resistance, thus suggesting the simultaneous presence of such associations
      in the sample of nonpathologic subjects with no history of airway obstruction.

PMID- 6591802
TI  - Vertical control as an important ingredient in the treatment of severe sagittal
      discrepancies.
AB  - The control of vertical development, in particular in the maxillary molar region,
      has often been suggested as a method of implementing sagittal change in treatment
      of Class II skeletal discrepancies. A group of twenty-eight Italian children in
      the early mixed-dentitional stage, with increased overjet and distal molar
      relationship, were treated orthodontically with a combination of a removable
      maxillary splint and high-pull extraoral traction. While only slight dorsal
      repositioning of the maxilla could be observed, an effective retardation of the
      vertical maxillary development was recorded, as well as a pronounced forward
      displacement of the mandibular symphysis. Distal movement of the maxillary
      dentition contributed likewise to the elimination of overjet observed clinically.
      The center of mandibular rotation was evaluated for each patient and displayed a
      pronounced variation illustrating different responses to the same type of
      appliance by different patients. The clinical implications of the above findings
      are discussed, and the necessity for constant appraisal of results during
      treatment is stressed.

PMID- 6591803
TI  - Photocephalometry: errors of projection and landmark location.
AB  - A method called photocephalometry was recently described for the possible soft
      tissue evaluation of orthognathic surgery patients by the superimposition of
      coordinated cephalographs and photographs. A grid analysis was performed to
      determine the accuracy of the superimposition method. In addition, the
      reliability of landmark identification was analyzed by the method error of
      Baumrind and Frantz, using three replicates of twelve patients' photographs.
      Comparison of twenty-one grid intervals showed that the magnification of the
      photographic image for any given grid plane is not correlated to that of the
      radiographic image. Accurate comparisons between soft- and hard-tissue anatomy by
      simply superimposing the images are not feasible because of the difference in the
      enlargement factors between the photographs and x-ray films. As was noted by
      Baumrind and Frantz, a wide range exists in the variability of estimating the
      location of landmarks. Sixty-six percent of the lateral photographic landmarks
      and 57% of the frontal landmarks had absolute mean errors for all twelve patients
      that were less than or equal to 2.0 mm. In general, the envelope of error for
      most landmarks was not circular. Although the photocephalometric apparatus as
      described by Hohl and colleagues does not yield the desired quantitative
      correlation between hard and soft tissues, valuable quantitative information on
      soft tissue can be easily obtained with the standardization and replication
      possible with the camera setup and enlarged photographs.

PMID- 6591804
TI  - Population genetic studies in three Chinese minorities.
AB  - Three minority ethnic groups from China (Mongolians, Koreans, Zhuang) were
      examined with respect to the genetic markers GLO, GPT, ACP, ESD, 6-PGD, PGM1
      subtypes, C3, and TF. Significant variations were noted for the gene frequencies
      of GLO, GPT, ESD, sub PGM1 between Zhuang and Mongolians; for GPT, ACP, ESD, sub
      PGM1 between Zhuang and Koreans; and for GLO between Mongolians and Koreans.

PMID- 6591805
TI  - Effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on bile acid sulfation in male rat
      liver.
AB  - The sulfation of bile acids is hormone dependent, being increased in females and
      ethynylestradiol (EE)-treated males compared with normal males. Diabetes causes
      significant alterations in estrogen metabolism and uterine estrogen receptor
      kinetics. Male rats were given streptozotocin (90 mg/kg) and diabetes was
      verified. An increase in hepatic bile acid sulfotransferase (BAST) activity was
      significant by 6 days and continued to increase to 29 days. This increase was
      prevented by insulin replacement. Administration of EE (6.0-600 micrograms X kg-1
      X day-1) to normal male rats resulted in a significant increase in hepatic BAST
      activity; however, administration of similar doses of EE to diabetic males failed
      to further increase activity levels over the already-elevated levels in the
      diabetic controls. This increase in in vitro specific activity was accompanied by
      an increase in the biliary excretion of lithocholate 3-sulfate and
      taurolithocholate 3-sulfate in 21-day-diabetic animals. Bile flow and total bile
      acid excretion were also markedly increased in the diabetic animals. The data
      indicate that streptozotocin-induced diabetes causes a significant increase in
      hepatic BAST activity. These findings are consistent with an alteration in
      hepatic estrogen action in streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

PMID- 6591806
TI  - Role of glutathione in gastric mucosal cytoprotection.
AB  - Exogenous thiol compounds have been reported to protect the stomach from ethanol
      induced necrotic lesions. The gastric mucosa contains high levels of an
      endogenous thiol, glutathion (GSH). Because of the known role of glutathione in
      protecting against hepatic injury, its role in gastric mucosal cytoprotection was
      of interest. By use of an animal model for acute gastric injury from ethanol, a
      close parallel relation between depletion of endogenous mucosal GSH and induction
      of mucosal protection was demonstrated. Surprisingly, mucosal protection varied
      inversely with the level of mucosal GSH obtained after treatment with specific
      GSH-depleting agents (diethyl maleate and cyclohexene-1-one). Depletion of
      gastric mucosal GSH was associated with an increase in the mucosal content of
      prostaglandins 6-keto F1 alpha and F2 alpha but not E2. The protective effect
      induced by GSH-depleting agents was partially reversed by indomethacin in some
      but not all studies. Although GSH depletors increased gastric juice volume,
      protection with these agents persisted after the volume and mucosal GSH had
      returned to control levels and also was not reversed by increasing the dose of
      ethanol threefold to overcome a possible dilutional effect. We conclude that,
      contrary to apparent predictions, depletion of endogenous gastric GSH protects
      the stomach from acute ethanol-induced injury. Although the mechanism of this
      protection is unknown, a mediation by endogenous release of prostaglandins seems
      to play a minor role since diethyl maleate was protective even in indomethacin
      treated animals.

PMID- 6591807
TI  - [Principles of hygiene for artificial respiration].

PMID- 6591809
TI  - [Respirateur Roche Kontron ABT 4100].

PMID- 6591810
TI  - [The CPU 1 respirator].

PMID- 6591808
TI  - [Adaptability of respirators to transportation].

PMID- 6591811
TI  - [The Oxylog respirator].

PMID- 6591812
TI  - [The Babylog 1 respirator].

PMID- 6591813
TI  - [The VS 600 and VS 600 s respirators].

PMID- 6591814
TI  - [The Monnal R1 respirator].

PMID- 6591815
TI  - [Development of respiratory devices. Are old respirators still up-to-date?].

PMID- 6591816
TI  - [Role of respiratory assistance devices in the rehabilitation of patients with
      respiratory insufficiency].

PMID- 6591817
TI  - [The RCD1 respirator].

PMID- 6591818
TI  - [The Bear I respirator].

PMID- 6591819
TI  - [The Logic 07 respirator].

PMID- 6591820
TI  - [The Fluidor rspirator].

PMID- 6591821
TI  - [The Babylog 2 respiratory device].

PMID- 6591822
TI  - [Bacterial filter for respiratory circuits].

PMID- 6591823
TI  - [Lung models for respirator testing].

PMID- 6591824
TI  - [Adaptability of the respirator to anesthesia].

PMID- 6591825
TI  - [The Servo Ventilator 900 C respirator].

PMID- 6591826
TI  - [The Erica respirator].

PMID- 6591827
TI  - [The Logic 04 T IMV respirator].

PMID- 6591828
TI  - [The Pulmolog respirator].

PMID- 6591829
TI  - [The Monnal D respirator].

PMID- 6591830
TI  - [The Bourns BP 2001 respirator].

PMID- 6591831
TI  - [Respirator for anesthesia: Protorythme].

PMID- 6591832
TI  - [The Narcoram respirator].

PMID- 6591833
TI  - [The Draeger UV 1 respirator].

PMID- 6591834
TI  - [The SA1 RCD respirator for anesthesia].

PMID- 6591835
TI  - [Tooth size of the Chinese in Taiwan].

PMID- 6591836
TI  - [Root resorption caused by mechanical injury of the gingiva in rats. Light and
      electron microscopy studies].

PMID- 6591837
TI  - [Distribution of oral Staphylococci from feral Japanese house mice in Saku
      Island, Aichi prefecture].

PMID- 6591838
TI  - [The distribution of oral Staphylococci from wild large Japanese field mice
      living in various areas].

PMID- 6591839
TI  - [Comparative study of processing capacity].

PMID- 6591840
TI  - [Induction of labor by intravenous administration of prostaglandin E2].

PMID- 6591841
TI  - McArdle's disease. Problems of anaesthetic management for Caesarean section.
AB  - A case is presented of the anaesthetic management of a patient with McArdle's
      disease who required Caesarean section. The pathology of the condition is
      considered together with the clinical features and treatment. The problems of
      anaesthesia in patients with this inherited disease are discussed with particular
      reference to the use of muscle relaxant drugs.

PMID- 6591842
TI  - Medishield AGS system and servo 900 ventilators. Investigation and remedy of
      hazard caused by defeat of 'low expired minute volume' alarm.
AB  - The use of the new Medishield anaesthetic gas scavenging system with ventilators
      in the Siemens-Elema Servo 900 series was investigated. It was discovered that
      this combination of equipment creates the hazard that a disconnexion in the
      patient breathing system may not be detected by the ventilator alarm. This
      happens because the suction generated by the scavenging system draws a
      considerable flow of room air through the expiratory system of the ventilator
      when a disconnexion occurs. Possible solutions to the problem were investigated,
      and it was discovered that the problem can be overcome by applying a small amount
      of positive end-expiratory pressure to counteract the suction from the scavenging
      system.

PMID- 6591843
TI  - Responsiveness of testis morphology to chemotherapy in childhood leukemia.
AB  - The appearance of seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells of children, aged
      2.5 to 13 years, affected by acute lymphoblastic leukemia was analyzed in
      sections. The testicular biopsies were performed at the end of therapy
      (vincristine, prednisone, L-asparaginase, 6-mercaptopurine, intrathecal
      methotrexate), which was affected for the same period and at the same doses.
      Three age groups were considered (I, 2.5 to 5 years; II, 6 to 9 years; III, 12 to
      13 years). Age groups I and II presented damage of some tubules (25-35%) and
      areas of degeneration. Histometric analysis performed for A type spermatogonial
      population gave a mean value corresponding to controls in age group I and a mean
      value significantly lower with respect to controls in age group II. Moreover, age
      group II presented a lack of increase in tubular cross section. These results
      suggest that there is a vulnerability both of whole tubules and of some areas of
      Sertoli cells and germ cels to cytotoxic-induced damage. Leydig cells appear to
      be the cells least sensitive to drugs, and hormonal data indicate that the
      hypothalamic pituitary function appears to be intact, despite chemotherapy. Long
      term prospective studies of reproductive function in children receiving cancer
      chemotherapy are needed to determine the magnitude and duration of damage
      resulting from therapeutic treatment.

PMID- 6591845
TI  - Time course of recovery following nitrous oxide administration.
AB  - The time course of recovery following a brief exposure to 50% N(2)O in O(2) was
      assessed using a standard psychomotor test, a subjective ranking of experimental
      pain, and somatosensory evoked potential recordings. Results of this study
      suggest that recovery from a brief N(2)O exposure may be prolonged and
      conventional methods of assessing recovery from CNS active drugs like N(2)O may
      be inadequate.

PMID- 6591844
TI  - General anesthetics: a comparative review of pharmacodynamics.
AB  - General anesthetics, in addition to eliminating the perception of stimuli,
      profound physiologic effects in other systems including the cardiovascular and
      respiratory systems. A thorough knowledge of the pharmacodynamics and
      pharmacokinetics of each agents as well as an understanding of the patient's
      physiologic reserve will allow the anesthetist to reasonably predict the response
      to a given drug. The ability to forecast patient responses imparts control over
      an anesthetic technique which contributes to the overall safety of the procesure.
      This paper reviews pharmacodynamics of general anesthetic agents commonly used in
      dentistry

PMID- 6591846
TI  - Enflurane-induced grand mal seizures during otic microsurgery.
AB  - Abnormal electroencephalographic seizure-like activity and myoclonic movements
      have been recognized during enflurane anesthesia. This is most commonly seen in
      the presence of respiratory alkalosis and high concentrations of enflurane.
      Immediate and delayed postoperative generalized tonic-clonic convulsions have
      also been reported after enflurane anesthesia. Experimental studies have shown
      that auditory stimuli could facilitate seizure activity during deep enflurane
      anesthesia. Here we report a case of intraoperative generalized tonic-clonic
      convulsion during low concentrations of enflurane without evidence of
      hyperventilation and the presence of auditory stimulation.

PMID- 6591847
TI  - Anesthetic management of lithium-treated patients.
AB  - In order to establish a protocol for the anesthetic management of patients
      undergoing lithium therapy, one must consider the mechanisms of lithium action.
      Many proposals for different mechanisms appear in the literature which attempt to
      explain the pharmacology, physiology, metabolism, administration, dosage and
      adverse effects of lithium. This paper reviews the pertinent scientific and
      clinical information to enable the anesthesiologist to rationally administer
      anesthesia to patients on a lithium regimen.

PMID- 6591848
TI  - Contaminated condensate in mechanical ventilator circuits.

PMID- 6591849
TI  - [Bone tumors. Case 1: osteoblastic osteosarcoma].

PMID- 6591850
TI  - [Bone tumors. Case 2: Telangiectatic osteosarcoma].

PMID- 6591851
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of enoxacin.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of the quinolone enoxacin were studied after a 600-mg oral
      dose was given to each of six male volunteers. The levels of the compound were
      measured in serum, blister fluid, and urine. Absorption was variable, with peak
      levels (mean, 3.7 micrograms/ml) being attained between 0.75 and 3.0 h (mean, 1.9
      h). The serum elimination half-life was 6.2 h, and 71.6% of the drug was
      recovered in the urine by 48 h. Enoxacin penetrated blister fluid well, the mean
      percent penetration being 78.4%.

PMID- 6591852
TI  - Determination of imipenem and cilastatin in serum by high-pressure liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - Imipenem and cilastatin concentrations in serum were determined by using reverse
      phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Serum samples were stabilized with 0.5
      M morpholineethanesulfonic acid buffer (pH 6.0) and subjected to ultrafiltration
      before chromatography. The elution solvent consisted of water or potassium
      phosphate buffered to pH 2.5 and methanol. The imipenem and cilastatin peaks were
      detected at 300 and 220 nm, respectively. Recovery from serum was 99% for both
      imipenem and cilastatin, and the limits of detectability for the two compounds
      were 0.3 and 0.5 microgram/ml, respectively. The assay may be readily applied to
      pharmacokinetic analysis of imipenem and cilastatin biodisposition in patients.

PMID- 6591853
TI  - In vitro activities of enoxacin and 17 other antimicrobial agents against
      multiply resistant, gram-negative bacteria.
AB  - Enoxacin (CI-919) was evaluated for activity against 120 multiply resistant
      clinical isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
      The MIC of enoxacin for 95% of the strains tested was less than or equal to 2
      micrograms/ml. Approximately 90% of the isolates were susceptible to enoxacin,
      norfloxacin, ceftazidime, moxalactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, and amikacin.
      Marked resistance to the other seven antimicrobial agents tested was observed.

PMID- 6591854
TI  - Estimation of cell number by neutral red content. Applications for proliferative
      and survival assays.
AB  - A simple photometric method for estimating viable cell number in culture is
      described. When cultured cells are allowed to internalize 0.005-0.01% neutral red
      for 1 h, the amount of accumulated dye is directly proportional to cell number.
      The linear relationship holds for adherent and suspended cell lines. Thus, dye
      content reflects cell number. Since dye content is easily measured by instruments
      that photometrically scan microtiter trays, proliferative and survival
      (cytotoxic) responses can be easily quantitated.

PMID- 6591855
TI  - [Sensitization of a cell line, CEM by indomethacin. A study of the underlying
      mechanism].
AB  - A cell line, CEM, was derived from a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia. We
      investigated the underlying mechanisms for a phenomenon in which CEM became more
      sensitive to attack by antiserum and complement when cultured with indomethacin,
      a prostaglandin (PG) synthesis inhibitor. Other PG synthesis inhibitors also
      evoked similar sensitization. When PGE2 was further added to the culture, the
      sensitization was suppressed. Both findings indicate that a decrease of PG may be
      one of the mechanisms. Inhibition of metabolism, and decrease of CEM surface
      antigen shed from the cell into the supernatant also seem responsible for the
      sensitization.

PMID- 6591856
TI  - [Differential cell growth inhibition and terminal differentiation induction by
      chemotherapeutic agents of a human acute myelogenous leukemia cell line (HL-60)
      in vitro].
AB  - The relationship between cell growth inhibitory effects and terminal
      differentiation-inducing effects of nine clinically active chemotherapeutic
      agents was evaluated using HL-60, a human acute myelogenous leukemia cell line.
      Continuous exposure to HL-60 cells of adriamycin, daunorubicin, mitoxantrone, m
      AMSA, cytosine arabinoside, 6-thioguanine (6-TG), actinomycin-D (Act-D) and
      vincristine resulted in percentage increase of morphologically differentiated
      cells and phagocytic cells. Hydrocortisone at a concentration of up to 10(-4) M
      failed to produce this effect. Examination of actual numbers per flask of
      morphologically differentiated cells and phagocytic cells revealed, however, that
      all these agents except Act-D and 6-TG failed to produce a numerical increase in
      differentiated cells in comparison with those of control groups at day 6. Only
      Act-D and 6-TG were able to produce increases in the percentage, as well as
      actual number, of differentiated cells. These data indicate that the percentage
      increase in terminal differentiation-induced cells by certain chemotherapeutic
      agents is due not to their ability to increase differentiated cells but to their
      ability to inhibit the growth of primitive cells preferentially.

PMID- 6591858
TI  - [Diagnosis of cancer using lymphocyte electrophoresis (2)].
AB  - The surface charge of lymphocytes in cancer patients was analyzed in follow-up
      periods using an automated cell electrophoretic instrument (Parmoquant), and the
      changes in electrophoretic mobility pattern were compared with the results of the
      general clinical tests. The ratio of slow cells(mobility less than 0.95
      micron/sec/V/cm) to fast cells(mobility greater than or equal to 0.95) (S/F
      ratio) was increased according to clinical stage, and wbs correlated with the
      levels of CEA, LDH, AI-P, alpha 2-globulin, total protein content and the number
      of peripheral lymphocytes. As a result of a follow-up study conducted for more
      than 2 years, the S/F ratio expressed the general condition of the patients and
      had better correlation with performance status than CEA, LDH, AI-P etc. The
      pattern analysis of lymphocyte electrophoresis may be useful for evaluation of
      patients' status, judgement of medical treatment and early detection of
      recurrence, because this method is very easy to assay and highly reproducible.

PMID- 6591857
TI  - [Effects of 4'-Epi-adriamycin, THP-adriamycin and mitoxantrone on patients with
      advanced and recurrent breast cancer].
AB  - The therapeutic effects of 4'-Epi-Adriamycin (Epi-ADR), THP-Adriamycin (THP-ADR)
      and Mitoxantrone on 30 patients with advanced and recurrent breast cancer were
      analyzed. Responders for Epi-ADR, THP-ADR and Mitoxantrone were 5/18, 3/8 and 2/8
      respectively. Leukocytopenia less than 3000 was observed in 7/12 for Epi-ADR, 8/8
      for THP-ADR and 7/8 for Mitoxantrone. Thrombocytopenia was found in 2 cases
      treated with Epi-ADR. Gastrointestinal disorders were observed in patients
      treated with Epi-ADR extensively with THP-ADR moderately and with Mitoxantrone
      slightly. Marked alopecia was remarkably seen in the patients treated with Epi
      ADR, but it was only slight in those treated with THP-ADR and Mitoxantrone. No
      cardiotoxicity was recorded in any of the patients.

PMID- 6591859
TI  - [Adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma in Japan--past, present and future].
AB  - The therapeutic results for osteosarcoma were very discouraging before 1970 in
      Japan despite many modes of treatment. In 1960, Miki introduced the regional
      perfusion technique into the treatment of osteosarcoma, and in 1963, Akaboshi
      pioneered the intraarterial infusion technique. By these methods, a five-year
      survival rate about 30% was achieved during the period from 1971 to 1976. In
      Japan, the five-year disease-free survival rate will soon exceed 50% thanks to
      intensive multi-drug adjuvant chemotherapy, considering the therapeutic results
      of 117 cases of JOOG treated during 6 years from 1975 to 1980 and 114 cases
      included in the Group Study of Osteosarcoma treated during 8 years from 1973 to
      1981. In most cases, ablative surgery must still be considered the standard
      method of treatment. However, the importance of preoperative adjuvant
      chemotherapy is emphasized because limb-saving operations have become an
      increasingly common feature in the management of osteosarcoma as a result of the
      recent advances achieved by intensive multi-drug adjuvant chemotherapy.

PMID- 6591860
TI  - [Clinical experience with alpha and beta interferon in childhood cancer].
AB  - Alpha and beta interferon were tested for antitumor activity and clinical
      toxicity in 15 children suffering from cancer. The drug was administered IV, IM,
      IT or intralesionally daily in the majority of cases in total doses of 18 X 10(6)
      to 9,634 X 10(5) IU. Major toxicities were a flulike syndrome, elevation of
      transaminase activity and leukopenia. A minor response (less than 50%) was
      observed in one patient with glioblastoma, treated by intrathecal administration,
      and an objective local response was noted in one rhabdomyosarcoma patient with
      multiple subcutaneous metastases, who was treated by intralesional
      administration. CNS leukemia in two patients improved without hematological
      response. Further trials are warranted.

PMID- 6591861
TI  - Oral isotretinoin therapy. Use in a patient with multiple cutaneous squamous cell
      carcinomas and keratoacanthomas.
AB  - An 83-year-old woman with multiple squamous cell carcinomas and keratoacanthomas
      of the legs was treated with orally administered isotretinoin (13 cis-retinoic
      acid). Complete regression of the tumors was noted during the initial six-month
      treatment period. In the subsequent 36 months, four new cutaneous tumors were
      excised. There have been no recurrences of lesions that regressed while the
      patient was receiving retinoid therapy.

PMID- 6591863
TI  - Viability of the human placental villi in organ culture.
AB  - The viability of the placental villi in organ culture was investigated both from
      the morphological and functional points of view. Morphological viability was
      judged on the appearance of the villi with special emphasis on the trophoblastic
      cells and the morphological integrity of the placental villi could be maintained
      for at least 96 h in organ culture. Functional viability was judged by analyses
      of delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; delta 5,4-isomerase (3 beta-HSD)
      activity with 14C-pregnenolone as the substrate and by the suppressive effect of
      the cultivated villi on the secretion of plasminogen activator (PA) obtained from
      mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated by OK-432. It was found that the 3 beta
      HSD activity and suppressive effect on PA secretion could be preserved for at
      least 120 h in organ culture.

PMID- 6591864
TI  - Bronchopleural fistula followed by massive fatal hemoptysis in a patient with
      pulmonary mucormycosis. A case report.
AB  - A patient had complications of invasive pulmonary mucormycosis. A bronchopleural
      fistula developed, representing a rare complication of pulmonary mucormycosis.
      Massive fatal hemoptysis occurred, due to the propensity of mucormycosis to
      invade blood vessels.

PMID- 6591862
TI  - Magnitude of ornithine decarboxylase induction by epidermal mitogens: effect of
      the assay technique.
AB  - The polyamines, putrescine, spermidine and spermine, as well as ornithine
      decarboxylase (ODC), the rate-limiting enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, are
      increased in the blood, urine and skin of psoriasis patients. A study of the
      association between stimulated epidermal cell proliferation and induction of ODC
      activity was done using both an intact, living cell ODC assay and the routinely
      used homogenized cell supernate assay. 10(-6) to 10(-8) mol/l of the tumor
      promoter, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA), 10(-3) mol/l 8-BrcAMP, 10(-6)
      mol/l cholera toxin and 10(-3) mol/l MIX, which are epidermal cell mitogens, were
      used to stimulate basal cells in short-term suspension cultures, freshly plated
      monolayers, or up to 8-day-old cultures. The results showed that the ODC enzyme
      must be assayed in supernates from disrupted epidermal cells in order for
      significant ODC induction by hyperplastic agents to be observed.

PMID- 6591866
TI  - Chronic myelocytic leukemia after transient chromosome damage.

PMID- 6591865
TI  - p-Chloromercuribenzoate specifically modifies thiols associated with the active
      sites of beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone hydrolase and succinyl CoA: beta
      ketoadipate CoA transferase.
AB  - beta-Ketoadipate enol-lactone hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.24) and succinyl CoA: beta
      ketoadipate transferase (EC 2.8.3.6) catalyze consecutive metabolic reactions in
      bacteria. The enzymes appear to be members of different families of related
      proteins. Enzymes within the enol-lactone hydrolase family appear to have
      diverged so extensively that common ancestry sometimes is not directly evident
      from comparison of NH2-terminal amino acid sequences of the proteins. Amino acid
      sequences at or near the active sites of the enzymes are likely to have been
      conserved, and hence a chemical proble that reacted specifically near the active
      sites of the enzymes might identify regions of amino acid sequence in which
      evolutionary affinities among widely divergent proteins could be identified. p
      Chloromercuribenzoate appears to be such a probe because enol-lactone hydrolases
      and CoA transferases from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Pseudomonas putida were
      completely inhibited by stoichiometric quantities of the compound which appears
      to modify selectively cysteinyl side chains at or near the active sites of the
      enzymes. Stoichiometric inhibition of P. putida enol-lactone hydrolase was
      observed in the presence of excess dithiothreitol; therefore the reactive
      cysteinyl residue in this enzyme appears to be nucleophilic. The hydrolase is
      inhibited by beta-ketoadipate, but the compound must be supplied at 10 mM
      concentrations in order to achieve 50% inhibition, so the product inhibition is
      unlikely to be significant under physiological conditions.

PMID- 6591867
TI  - The submicroscopic structure of a chondroblastic osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - Two patients are reported with a chondroid form of osteosarcoma, whose structure
      was also analyzed submicroscopically. The clinical and radiologic picture and the
      rapid lethal progress of the disease indicated an osteosarcoma, while both
      histologic and electron-microscopic investigation suggested the prevalence of
      malignant chondroid. Progress in the treatment of osteosarcoma makes it essential
      for diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic reasons to reintroduce
      subclassification of these tumors in an attempt to correlate their morphological
      picture with their biologic properties. According to our experience to date, it
      seems that the cartilaginous component in no way ameliorates the rapid malignant
      penetration of the osteosarcoma. It is essential to distinguish these tumors from
      the usually much less malignant chondrosarcomas and to place the chondroblastic
      osteogenic sarcoma among in spite of the clear predominance of the malignant
      chondroid, and thus also introduce highly radical and combined therapy.

PMID- 6591868
TI  - [Relation of the interaction of various trace elements (I)].

PMID- 6591869
TI  - [The transparency-opacity relation in the radiodiagnostic analysis of odontomas].

PMID- 6591870
TI  - [Role of dentistry in the epidemiology of hepatitis B. I].

PMID- 6591871
TI  - [Use of corticosteroids in dentistry].

PMID- 6591872
TI  - [Evaluation of the complementary, radiographic, semiologic elements of
      ameloblastoma].

PMID- 6591873
TI  - [Clinical and cephalometric determination of the occlusal plane in the complete
      edentulousness: new transfer method].

PMID- 6591874
TI  - [Ameloblasts and their histofunctional aspects in amelogenesis. Review of the
      literature].

PMID- 6591875
TI  - [Sealants in the prevention of dental caries].

PMID- 6591876
TI  - Colpocephaly and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6591877
TI  - Clinical varieties of neuromuscular disease in debrancher deficiency.
AB  - Two men and one woman with debrancher deficiency had symptoms and signs of
      neuromuscular disease. The two men had adult-onset and slowly progressive
      weakness, distal muscle wasting, "mixed" electromyographic patterns, and slow
      nerve conduction velocities; the initial diagnosis was Charcot-Marie-Tooth
      disease in one patient and motor neuron disease in the other. The woman had
      stunted growth, delayed motor milestones, and lifelong nonprogressive weakness. A
      muscle biopsy specimen showed severe vacuolar myopathy in all three cases. The
      glycogen concentration was increased threefold to sixfold and had an abnormal
      iodine spectrum. Anaerobic glycolysis in vitro showed impaired use of endogenous
      and exogenous glycogen but normal use of hexose-phosphate glycolytic
      intermediates. These three cases illustrated the clinical variety of
      neuromuscular disease in debrancher deficiency. In patients with weakness of
      adult onset, the diagnosis is impossible to make without performing a muscle
      biopsy.

PMID- 6591878
TI  - Distribution and uptake of magnesium by developing deciduous bovine incisor
      enamel.
AB  - Magnesium concentrations determined in deciduous bovine enamel at different
      stages of development were similar to those previously published for human and
      rat enamel ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 per cent. Highest concentrations, i.e.
      greatest uptake, occurred after secretion, in the transitional and maturing
      enamel. Uptake had occurred throughout the tissue thickness and was not confined
      to the surface. Magnesium probably enters enamel in the tissue fluid which
      replaces the organic matrix. Some magnesium is lost as fluid is replaced by
      calcium and phosphate but part is retained probably on or near crystal surfaces.

PMID- 6591879
TI  - Fluctuating asymmetry in the deciduous dentition of Dominican mulatto children.
AB  - An assessment of deciduous tooth-size asymmetry showed no evidence of sex
      differences. When asymmetry was compared between the various tooth dimensions,
      the buccolingual dimensions of mandibular incisors consistently displayed high
      asymmetry values. This finding may reflect a developmental interaction between
      the deciduous incisor tooth germs and their lingually-placed permanent
      successors.

PMID- 6591880
TI  - Intercellular junctions in odontoblasts of the rat incisor studied with freeze
      fracture.
AB  - The morphology and distribution of various types of intercellular junctions were
      investigated in young odontoblasts. Gap junctions were found between odontoblasts
      as well as between odontoblasts and fibroblasts in the dental pulp. The junctions
      between odontoblasts were larger and more numerous than those between odontoblast
      and fibroblast, suggesting that the former may play an important role in
      regulating cellular activity and the latter may provide a pathway of low
      electrical resistance between odontoblast and nerve fibres. Irregularly-shaped
      gap junctions appeared as small aggregations of particles associated with a
      particle-free area and may indicate that the junction might not yet have been
      completely assembled. Tight junctions were observed at the distal ends of the
      young odontoblasts, arranged to form small maculae or faciae occludentes rather
      than belt-like zonulae. It is therefore not likely that the junction contributes
      to barrier function in the young odontoblasts. Although structures resembling
      typical desmosome were recognizable, this type of junction in odontoblasts is
      properly termed a desmosome-like junction from its morphological peculiarities.

PMID- 6591881
TI  - Adrenergic regulation of protein synthesis in rat submandibular salivary gland
      cells.
AB  - Epinephrine, a mixed alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist, modulated new protein
      synthesis in dispersed rat submandibular cells. Both adrenoreceptors separately
      could increase protein synthesis after cells were exposed to [14C]-leucine for 10
      min and then with 1 mM unlabelled leucine for 10-30 min. The extent of response
      was dependent on the concentration of epinephrine to which cells were exposed.
      Alteration in the sequence of exposure of cells to tracer and agonist changed the
      direction of agonist response.

PMID- 6591882
TI  - A scanning electron microscopic study of early subsurface bacterial penetration
      of human molar-fissure enamel.
AB  - Cross-sections of occlusal fissures in clinically-sound, partly-erupted human
      third molars were examined using scanning electron microscopy. In several
      specimens, microbes had invaded enamel under an apparently intact enamel surface
      and formed colonies within the prism structure. Bacteria were located also
      between enamel prisms. In some samples, colonies were observed in dentine. Most
      of the organisms were rod-shaped or filamentous. The results indicate that plaque
      bacteria can invade enamel before initiation of caries is clinically observable.

PMID- 6591883
TI  - Ultrastructure of the effects of calcitonin on the development of mouse tooth
      germs in vitro.
AB  - Mandibular first molars, from 17-day-old embryos, were cultivated in control
      medium or medium containing 0.1, 0.01 or 0.001 unit/ml of calcitonin (CT) for
      periods up to 10 days. In untreated tooth germs, cells of the dental papilla
      differentiated into pre-odontoblasts up to 4 days and predentine was seen on day
      6. Cells treated with 0.1 unit/ml of CT differentiated into pre-odontoblasts up
      to 4 days, but no predentine was formed even after 10 days in culture. With 0.01
      unit/ml, cells differentiated into odontoblasts, and had already secreted
      predentine a few days earlier than the untreated group. With 0.001 unit/ml, the
      developing germs were similar to the control explants during the entire 10-day
      cultivation period. The proportional area of rough endoplasmic reticulum to
      cytoplasm of the odontoblasts was low at 0.1 unit/ml of CT and high at 0.01
      unit/ml compared to the untreated explants.

PMID- 6591884
TI  - A longitudinal analysis from bite-wing radiographs of the rate of progression of
      approximal carious lesions through human dental enamel.
AB  - Four to ten years of serial bite-wing radiographs from over 700 children from
      five groups, three in Sweden and two in the U.S., were interpreted. By analysing
      changes in the depth of unfilled lesions over time, the mean time and probability
      distribution for the time a lesion remains in both the outer half and inner half
      of the enamel were estimated. The procedure incorporated information on filled
      lesions and non-progressing lesions and thus minimized bias that results in
      overestimation of the progression rate. In primary teeth, in both the U.S. and
      Swedish groups, it took on average 12 months for a lesion to progress through the
      outer half of the enamel and on average 10-12 months for a lesion to progress
      through the inner half. In newly-erupted first permanent molars, it took 21-23
      months for a lesion to progress through the outer half of the enamel and between
      19 (U.S. data) and 28 months (Swedish data) for progression through the inner
      half. In older adolescents in the two Swedish groups, progression was slower: 38
      41 months through the outer-half and 47-56 months through the inner-half. In
      older U.S. adolescents, progression appeared to be more rapid: 16 months through
      the outer half of the enamel and 27 months through the inner half. The duration
      of time a lesion remains in different halves of the enamel could be approximated
      by a piecewise exponential or exponential probability distribution, which
      exhibits extreme variability. Assuming duration in each half of the enamel
      follows an exponential distribution with a mean of 2 yr, about 10 per cent of new
      lesions will progress through the enamel in one year and 25 per cent in two
      years. However, over 40 per cent of the lesions will not have progressed in 4 yr.
      There were no consistent differences in the rate of progression by sex, between
      upper and lower dentitions, for premolars versus molars, or between high and low
      risk individuals.

PMID- 6591885
TI  - Electromyographic recordings of human jaw-jerk reflex characteristics evoked
      under standardized conditions.
AB  - A device for imparting reproducible chin taps was employed to evoke monosynaptic
      jaw-closing reflexes in subjects without (group A) and with (group B) overt
      muscle-joint pain dysfunction. Latency, duration and amplitude values obtained
      were consistent within an individual at constant tap force at a single-recording
      session but varied among subjects. Latency differences between sides were greater
      in subjects exhibiting mild to moderate dysfunction (group B) than in group A,
      but there were not corresponding differences in duration and amplitude. Stimuli
      were delivered in 5 subjects whilst the jaw was firmly held at postural jaw
      position with the aid of acrylic resin indices secured with adhesive to the
      maxillary and mandibular teeth. Recordable reflex responses were evoked in the
      masseter muscles of one subject only, indicating that vibration alone was not an
      adequate stimulus consistently to evoke a jaw-closing reflex at postural jaw
      position. Spindle stretch is needed, unless postural motoneurone excitability is
      at a sufficiently high level. Reproducible jaw-closing reflexes were evoked
      following standardized stimuli; subtle variations in motoneurone excitability,
      such as reflected by differences in jaw-jerk latency between sides, may then
      become apparent.

PMID- 6591886
TI  - Effects of varying frequency of parasympathetic nerve stimulation on flow rate
      and ion concentrations of rat submandibular saliva.
AB  - Effects of adrenergic antagonists on chorda-evoked salivary secretion were
      studied. Flow rate, Ca and Na concentration of the chorda-evoked saliva were
      related to changes in frequency of stimulation of the chorda. Thus, as frequency
      of stimulation was increased, flow rate, Ca and Na concentrations increased.
      However, K concentration of nerve-evoked saliva was similar at all frequencies.
      Depletion of gland Ca concentration was also dependent on frequency of the
      stimulation; at the highest frequency, there was a greater depletion of gland Ca
      concentration than at lower frequencies. The data indicate that stimulation of
      the chorda tympani nerve elicits what can be called pure parasympathetic saliva,
      as neither phentolamine nor propranolol blocked chorda-evoked secretion.

PMID- 6591887
TI  - A histometric study of the effect of indomethacin and calcitonin on bone
      remodelling in hamster periodontitis.
AB  - The action on bone remodelling of indomethacin, a potent inhibitor of
      prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, was determined in hamster periodontitis and
      compared to that of calcitonin. The two treatments reduced the extent of bone
      resorption considerably but not significantly (NS). The reversal phase, the
      intermediate step between resorption and formation, was decreased by 33 per cent
      (NS) by indomethacin and 75 per cent by calcitonin (p less than 0.02). Bone
      formation was increased by 270 per cent with indomethacin (p less than 0.05) and
      by 400 per cent with calcitonin (p less than 0.03), compared with untreated
      animals. This exceeded the extent of bone formation activity in control animals.
      These data strongly suggest that PG are involved in the mechanism of bone
      destruction in hamster periodontitis and that PG are potent in vivo uncouplers of
      bone remodelling as they participate both in an increase in bone resorption and a
      decrease in bone formation. A partial decrease in reversal lacunae indicates that
      other factors, also acting as uncouplers, probably take part in the mechanism of
      bone destruction.

PMID- 6591888
TI  - Ultrastructural evidence of nerve and oxytalan fibre associations in the
      endoneurium of human periodontal ligament.
AB  - Human periodontal ligament from premolars contained numerous fibres of the
      oxytalan meshwork system affiliated with unmyelinated endoneurium and myelinated
      nerves in the endoneurium. These fibres consisted of bundles of microfibrils and
      were present within 0.5 mu of Schwann cells and their unmyelinated axons. This
      ultrastructural association has not been previously demonstrated.

PMID- 6591889
TI  - Touch domes and Merkel cells in hamster cheek pouch epithelium.
AB  - Minute dome-shaped elevations on the epithelial surface of hamster buccal pouch
      were counted in full-thickness whole mounts of detached pouch epithelium. Domes
      were examined by light and electron microscopy. Each dome consisted of thickened
      epithelium containing numerous Merkel cells with associated unmyelinated terminal
      axons. The pouch domes have structural characteristics in common with
      Haarscheiben, or touch domes, described in hair-bearing skin in man and other
      mammals and must not be confused with focal hyperplastic or precancerous lesions.

PMID- 6591890
TI  - Electrophoretic characterization of peptides from normal mature human dentine.
AB  - Samples of dentine from normal deciduous and permanent teeth were demineralized
      with EDTA and cleaved with CNBr. The resulting peptides were separated by means
      of electrophoresis on polyacrylamide slab gels, stained with Coomassie blue and
      examined by transmitted light. Final identification was performed by means of an
      ultrascan laser densitometer.

PMID- 6591891
TI  - Changes with age in canine tooth pulp-nerve fibres of the cat.
AB  - Light microscopical observations have been made on teased pulpal nerve fibres
      from mandibular canine teeth of cats aged 3 years or more. Both internodal
      lengths and external fibre diameters appeared to be reduced compared to the young
      adult. Qualitative myelin sheath changes were commonly observed. These consisted
      of extremely short, smooth or distorted intercalated internodes, myelin
      wrinkling, nodal lengthening and formation of myelin ovoids. Features suggesting
      de-myelination were also present. These findings should be considered when
      functional aspects of pulpal axons in the ageing tooth are discussed.

PMID- 6591892
TI  - Biochemistry of glycosaminoglycans in the skin and oral mucosa of the rat.
AB  - Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) were extracted by digestion with papain followed by
      ultrafiltration and separated by cellulose-acetate electrophoresis and by
      chromatography of their cetyl-pyridinium complexes on cellulose microcolumns. The
      uronic-acid content of the tissues ranged from 0.8 to 2.4 mg/g of dry defatted
      tissue. Hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulphate were found in all tissues with
      chondroitin-4-sulphate also in skin, palatal mucosa and gingiva. There was 3-fold
      more hyaluronic acid in palatal mucosa than in any other tissue; it was
      concentrated in the antemolar rugae. A substance of presumptive salivary origin
      staining with alcian blue was found in cheek and floor of mouth mucosa. It
      migrated differently from reference GAG by electrophoresis and was not degraded
      by testicular hyaluronidase.

PMID- 6591893
TI  - Effects of eugenol on rat phrenic nerve and phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparations.
AB  - The compound-action potential (cAP) of the nerve evoked at 1 Hz was reversibly
      inhibited and the threshold for nerve stimulation increased between 0.065 and
      0.97 mM eugenol. The inhibition showed a sigmoid log10 dose-response
      relationship. With 2.44 mM or higher concentrations the block became
      irreversible. The inhibition was enhanced during stimulation at 100 Hz in 5 s
      with 0.487 mM or higher concentrations. The muscle tetanic tension also showed
      this high frequency inhibition (HFI). After 40-min exposure to 0.65 mM eugenol,
      the twitch contractions were unaffected. The indirectly induced tetanic tension
      was inhibited to 16.6 per cent of control in the initial and to 0.5 per cent in
      the terminal phase of a 5-s period of 100-Hz stimulation, whereas the directly
      induced tetanic tension was inhibited to 38.0 and 13.6 per cent, respectively.
      Thus, eugenol had affected the neuromuscular transmission during tetanic
      stimulation in addition to its effect on the directly-stimulated preparation.
      Intracellular recordings of the end-plate potential (EPP) and miniature end-plate
      potential (MEPP) indicated both a pre- and a post-synaptic mechanism of action
      for eugenol. Experiments with eugenol plus d-tubocurarine showed a synergistic
      effect between these two drugs, suggesting a curare-like effect by eugenol. The
      resting membrane potential of the muscle was unaffected by eugenol. The following
      findings suggest that eugenol is a membrane-stabilizing (local anaesthetic) drug
      at low concentrations: reversible cAP inhibition, increased threshold, high
      frequency inhibition, and unresponsiveness of the resting membrane potential of
      the muscle to the drug.

PMID- 6591894
TI  - Neutrophil chemotaxis and periodontal health relationships of young adult people
      in Thailand.
AB  - Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) from 26 young patients with periodontitis
      exhibited about 10 per cent less chemotaxis compared to healthy-matched control
      subjects. This modest but significant reduction of PMN chemotaxis occurred when
      the attractants were derived from either autologous or heterologous sera. The
      lower chemotaxis function was attributable to the nature of the PMN in
      periodontitis and not to the capacity of the patients' serum to generate chemo
      attractants. Random migration of PMN was the same in both patients and controls.
      Kinetic studies with endotoxin-activated human sera showed no difference between
      the PMN of two periodontitis patients and their controls. No significant
      correlations were found between chemotaxis and the clinical periodontal indices;
      however, PMN chemotactic values were lower in localized periodontitis than in the
      generalized form of the disease.

PMID- 6591895
TI  - Neutrophil chemi-luminescence and opsonic activities of young people with
      periodontitis in Thailand.
AB  - The polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) produced significantly-higher chemi
      luminescence (CL) peak values than neutrophils of healthy-paired controls when
      each population of cells was challenged with zymosan pre-opsonized with
      autologous serum. This enhanced CL was not attributable to the metabolic activity
      of the cells, but was shown, by cross-over experiments and additional testing
      with a single source of cells, to be directly associated with the opsonizing
      capacity of the patient's serum. The results suggest that peripheral PMN from
      young periodontitis patients have oxidative metabolic activities similar to
      subjects free of this disease, and that the enhanced PMN metabolism of patients
      may be due to a corresponding increase of serum opsonins.

PMID- 6591896
TI  - Effects of topical cooling on isometric contractions of the human masseter
      muscle.
AB  - Six adult males performed tooth clenching for 10 and 80 s at maximum voluntary
      contraction strength (MVC). Motor activity in the right and left masseter muscles
      was monitored by surface electromyography. Local temperatures of both cheeks were
      monitored by a thermocouple. MVC activity for 80 s induced pain and fatigue in
      both muscles; 10 s of clenching caused no muscle discomfort. Ice, subsequently
      applied to the right cheek for 30 min, lowered the temperature of the cheek and
      masseter muscle. The isometric MVC exercises were then repeated. During 10 s of
      isometric contraction, MVC motor activity in the cooled masseter muscle was
      significantly increased by 29 per cent; that of the non-cooled contralateral
      muscle was insignificantly reduced by 12 per cent. During 80 s of clenching, MVC
      motor activity in the cooled muscle was significantly increased by 30 per cent;
      that of the non-cooled muscle was insignificantly reduced by 4 per cent. MVC
      activity for 80 s by the cooled muscle caused no pain and fatigue, but the
      discomforts continued in the non-cooled muscle. Increased MVC alpha motor
      activity in the cooled masseter muscle might have resulted from motor
      facilitation that was mediated by cutaneous, muscular or mucosal cold receptors,
      or it might have been due to the absence of pain and fatigue.

PMID- 6591897
TI  - Correlation of scanning and transmission electron microscopy of human dentinal
      tubules.
AB  - Areas of human dentine were examined first with the scanning electron microscope
      (SEM) and subsequently with the transmission electron microscope (TEM).
      Structures observed in dentinal tubules from outer dentine by SEM were identified
      by TEM as electron-dense structures lining the tubules and not as odontoblast
      processes. These structures, termed lamina limitans, correspond to the previously
      described inner hypomineralized lining of dentinal tubules.

PMID- 6591898
TI  - A method for assaying aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in man using fibroblasts
      cultured in vitro from oral mucosa.
AB  - Animal studies have linked aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) with cancer
      induction by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), but the relationship between
      the activation of PAH by AHH and cancer induction in man is unclear. Studies
      using human lymphocytes to investigate this relationship have produced
      conflicting results. This report describes a technique for assaying AHH in
      fibroblasts isolated and cultured from normal human oral mucosa. Fibroblasts were
      cultured from normal portions of routine oral mucosal biopsy specimens obtained
      from 6 patients, and AHH activity was found in fibroblasts cultured from all the
      specimens. AHH activity was induced by 1,2-benzanthracene and reached a peak
      after 48 h. The assay had a pH optimum of 8.6 and an absolute requirement for
      reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate. The fibroblasts maintained
      their inducibility of AHH through 11 cell passages. Fibroblasts cultured from
      oral mucosal biopsy specimens offer several advantages over other systems for
      comparison of individual differences in AHH activity in man, including the
      consistent presence of inducible AHH activity, stability of enzyme activity in
      culture, provision of ample number of cells for study, and availability of oral
      mucosal specimens from patients having routine diagnostic biopsies.

PMID- 6591899
TI  - Comments on the inductance transducer method for measuring force-velocity
      relationships of the eruption of the upper incisors of rats.
AB  - The inductance transducer method of measuring the force-velocity relationships of
      erupting teeth was modified by using a pinned incisor for checking that the head
      was adequately immobilized. At some stage of the experiment, the head ceased to
      be completely immobilized. Although it is possible that the movement of the head
      might have contributed to what was regarded as eruption in previous studies, the
      results of Steedle, Proffit and Fields (1983, Archs oral Biol. 28, 1149-1153)
      suggest that, if any such error occurred, it was slight.

PMID- 6591900
TI  - Complications of continuous-wear soft contact lenses in a nonreferral population.
AB  - Serious corneal complications occurred in an otherwise successful experience with
      continuous-wear soft contact lenses (SCLs) for aphakic correction. One hundred
      twenty eyes were fit, and 92% attained visual acuity of 20/40 or better. Severe
      corneal complications were observed in 13 eyes, including bacterial ulcers (six),
      apical erosions (three), and severe superficial vascularization (four). Corneal
      ulcers occurred in nondiabetic as well as diabetic subjects. Continuous-wear SCLs
      are not innocuous; as for any other drug or device, continuous, long-term medical
      supervision is necessary to minimize potentially severe complications and visual
      loss.

PMID- 6591901
TI  - Permeability of the round window membrane.
AB  - Cefmetazole sodium, a cephamycin antibiotic, was shown to pass through the round
      window membrane into the inner ear of the guinea pig. The concentration of the
      drug in the inner ear fluid indicated that a larger amount of the drug reached
      the inner ear through the round window membrane than when administered
      intraperitoneally.

PMID- 6591902
TI  - Specificity of psychological profiles of irritable bowel syndrome patients.
AB  - The aim of the study was to investigate the specificity of psychological profiles
      in female Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) patients by a comparison with a
      gastrointestinal patient control group and with a normal population control
      group. The results showed that the IBS patients scored significantly higher than
      the normal population sample on three test scales: Anxiety, Phobic and
      Somatisation. Our results thus support the conclusion of earlier authors that a
      moderate degree of psychoneurotic disorder exists amongst IBS patients. However,
      the patient control group also scored significantly higher than the normal
      control group on two factors (Phobic and Somatisation), and the comparison
      between the IBS group and the patient control group did not reveal any
      significant differences. It is suggested that attention to the psychological
      needs of both IBS and other gastrointestinal disease patients should form an
      important part of the management strategy, particularly in the former--where a
      consistently clear benefit for any particular therapy has yet to be shown.

PMID- 6591903
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the 14C-Triolein Breath Test: a critical analysis.
AB  - Twenty-two hospital patients without gastrointestinal symptoms and fourteen
      patients with clinically suspected fat malabsorption were studied using the 14C
      Triolein Breath Test and three day fecal fat estimation. The 14C-Triolein Breath
      Test was 100% sensitive and 86% specific for fat malabsorption. Three day fecal
      fat estimations were 86% sensitive and 91% specific. These data confirm the high
      sensitivity and specificity obtained using the 14C-Triolein Breath Test. The
      speed and convenience of the 14C-Triolein Breath Test plus acceptable sensitivity
      and specificity make this a practical screening test to detect fat malabsorption.

PMID- 6591904
TI  - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE): a report of 16 cases.
AB  - Sixteen cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) were diagnosed at the
      Royal Children's and Mater Misericordiae Children's Hospitals in Brisbane from
      September 1974 to June 1983. Although the incidence of the disease with regard to
      age at onset, previous exposure to measles virus, and longevity was similar to
      that reported in the United States and Europe, the frequency of the illness was
      substantially higher in the present study. The high frequency of the disease in
      Queensland appears to reflect a relatively low level of immunity to measles virus
      in the population at risk.

PMID- 6591905
TI  - Acute epiglottitis in childhood: report of an increased incidence in Victoria.
AB  - The incidence of acute epiglottitis treated in Melbourne, Australia at the Royal
      Children's Hospital (RCH) has increased from an average of 14 cases per year
      during 1975-79 to 49 cases per year during 1980-81. Less marked increases have
      occurred for H. influenzae meningitis and bacteremia and H. influenzae (untyped)
      isolation from respiratory tract cultures. A review of 171 cases of acute
      epiglottitis showed no significant differences between the 1975-79 and 1980-81
      patients with respect to sex, age, seasonal incidence, prodromal length,
      prodromal symptoms, geographical location, polymorphonuclear cell count, or
      disease severity. Patients treated in 1980-81 had fewer complications (12% versus
      22%, p less than 0.02), and a shorter hospital stay (3.0 versus 3.3 days, p less
      than 0.003). The increased incidence of H. influenzae type b infections may be
      due to an increased bacterial presence within our community.

PMID- 6591906
TI  - Determinants of patient compliance, control, presence of complications, and
      handicap in non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
AB  - Factors affecting patient compliance with diet and medication, clinical control,
      complications, and handicap were studied in 114 subjects with non-insulin
      dependent diabetes mellitus who were attending a hospital diabetic clinic.
      Compliance with diet and hypoglycemic medication was correlated. The perceived
      importance, and the ease of compliance were the principal correlates of patient
      compliance. Factors independently related to diabetic control were compliance
      with diet, and the quality of the patient's diet. Diabetes which was poorly
      controlled, and which was of several-years' standing, was more likely to involve
      complications. Both poor control and the presence of complications contributed to
      handicap. Increased dietary education and counselling, with emphasis placed on
      the importance and benefits of compliance with prescribed diets, may improve
      control, decrease the incidence of complications, and ultimately minimise
      handicap due to diabetes in non-insulin-dependent patients.

PMID- 6591907
TI  - Cranial arteritis. A twenty-year review of cases.
AB  - Thirty-five cases of cranial arteritis in an Australian population have been
      analysed. The female to male ratio was 2.2:1 and the average age of onset was 71
      years. Eighty-five percent of patients suffered headache and this was most
      frequently temporal or bitemporal. Polymyalgia rheumatica (40%), permanent visual
      loss (29%) and jaw claudication (26%) were common, six patients complained of
      diplopia and four gave a past history of thyroid disease. The temporal artery was
      clinically abnormal in only 69% of cases but biopsy was positive in 26 of 28
      specimens examined. Sixty-seven percent of patients had ESR's greater than 60
      mm/h. The average duration of prednisone therapy was 22 months. Side effects of
      steroids were observed in seven of 19 patients followed up. The importance of
      starting steroid therapy as soon as the condition is suspected clinically is
      emphasised by the case of one patient who lost vision while awaiting temporal
      artery biopsy.

PMID- 6591908
TI  - The effect of dihydroergotamine on venous distensibility and blood pressure in
      idiopathic orthostatic hypotension.
AB  - We report a case of severe idiopathic orthostatic hypotension (IOH) documented by
      direct, continuous, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Failure of
      vasoconstriction and more significantly of venoconstriction in response to
      upright posture was demonstrated, indicating an autonomic nervous system
      disorder. The venoconstrictive agent dihydroergotamine (DHE) had little effect in
      preventing a fall in forearm venous tone with head up tilting but caused a
      recumbent pressor response leading to side effects. These were noted at a time of
      low plasma DHE levels indicating denervation hypersensitivity. Difficulties may
      arise in using DHE to treat severe cases of IOH who have denervation
      hypersensitivity.

PMID- 6591909
TI  - Extradural chloroma with spinal compression--an unusual presentation of acute
      myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Chloromas are solid tumours resulting from the localised proliferation of
      myelogenous leukemia cells, and are frequently responsible for the initial
      manifestations of acute myelocytic leukemia. We report a patient with a thoracic
      extradural chloroma whose presentation with acute paraplegia led to the diagnosis
      of an unsuspected myelocytic leukemia. Early recognition of the etiology of the
      paraplegia and the underlying systemic involvement with leukemia resulted in an
      excellent neurological and hematological outcome. The previously described
      association of the 8:21 chromosomal translocation with a good prognosis is noted
      in our patient.

PMID- 6591910
TI  - The chronic and severe forms of eosinophilic meningitis.
AB  - Two cases of chronic eosinophilic meningitis (presumed to be due to
      Angiostrongylus cantonensis) and a third patient with a severe form of this
      disease are described. Such cases are rare in the published literature. All
      patients developed their illness in Western Samoa, an area previously thought to
      be free of the disease. The need to consider eosinophilic meningitis in patients
      with chronic and severe neurological disease who live in, or have recently come
      from, endemic areas is emphasised.

PMID- 6591912
TI  - Recurrent episodes of pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumonia.

PMID- 6591911
TI  - Myotoxic paralysis and hemolytic anemia due to king brown snake bite.

PMID- 6591913
TI  - Serological markers for hepatitis B virus in Indochinese refugees.

PMID- 6591914
TI  - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

PMID- 6591915
TI  - Experience in the preparation and experimental use of immunocytostatics.
AB  - Vindesine (VDS) was coupled directly to a monoclonal antibody (791T/36) raised
      against a human osteogenic sarcoma cell line, and methotrexate (MTX) was coupled
      to 791T/36 via an intervening human serum albumin (HSA) bridge. Both the VDS
      791T/36 and MTX-HSA-791T/36 conjugates were cytotoxic in vitro specifically for
      tumour target cells expressing the 791T/36-defined antigen, while the free drug
      in each case was indiscriminately toxic to all target cells. The VDS-791T/36
      conjugate retarded growth of osteogenic sarcoma xenografts in immunodeprived mice
      when administered in multiple doses. Free 791T/36 did not significantly affect
      tumour growth. VDS was tumour inhibitory, but was toxic to the mice at a total
      dose of 20 micrograms per kg body weight, while VDS-791T/36 conjugate was not
      toxic at total doses incorporating VDS at up to 45 mg per kg. It is suggested
      that this is due to selectivity conferred upon the conjugate by the antibody
      moiety, and that such conjugates may offer considerable potential as anti-cancer
      agents.

PMID- 6591916
TI  - Antibodies against osteosarcoma and colon cancer.
AB  - Two monoclonal antibodies with anti-human tumour reactivity were produced by
      murine hybridomas. One, 791T/36, is an IgG2b which was raised against a cultured
      human osteogenic sarcoma cell line, 791T. This antibody reacts with a high
      proportion of osteogenic sarcomas, and also with other tumour types. It has been
      used successfully as a tumour localising antibody in vivo and a targeting agent
      in vitro. The other antibody, C14/1/46, was raised against a human colonic
      adenoma. An IgM antibody, it reacts with most colorectal carcinoma cells but only
      with a small subpopulation of cells within the normal mucosa. It has been shown
      to recognise a difucosylated Type-2 blood-group chain, which has raised
      expression in colorectal carcinoma tissue.

PMID- 6591917
TI  - Immunoscintigraphy of colorectal carcinoma with monoclonal antibody 791T/36.
AB  - A monoclonal antibody 791T/36 prepared against a human osteogenic sarcoma has
      been used to detect primary and metastatic colorectal carcinoma by external
      imaging of patients infused with 131I-labelled antibody. Positive images were
      obtained with 8/11 primary colon tumours, 5/12 rectal tumours and 14/15 secondary
      and recurrent tumours. Positive tumour localization of radiolabelled antibody was
      confirmed by imaging and radioactivity counts on resected specimens. None of five
      patients with benign colorectal disease showed positive images and only 2/12
      other gastrointestinal cancers were detected.

PMID- 6591918
TI  - 7-Hydroxymethotrexate formation in a human lymphoblastic cell line.
AB  - 7-Hydroxymethotrexate is a major metabolite of methotrexate in patients
      undergoing chemotherapy with this drug. It has now been demonstrated that when
      cultures of CCRF-CEM, a human lymphoblastic cell line, are incubated in the
      presence of 100 microM methotrexate, significant quantities of 7
      hydroxymethotrexate are formed. This finding is relevant to clinical use of the
      drug since it is now clear that during the treatment of acute lymphocytic
      leukemia conversion of methotrexate to the relatively inactive 7-hydroxy
      derivative probably occurs not only in the liver but also in the target cells.

PMID- 6591919
TI  - Phosphorylation of rat heart ornithine decarboxylase by type-2 casein kinase.
AB  - Highly purified preparations of rat heart ornithine decarboxylase are readily
      phosphorylated by rat liver type-2 casein kinase-TS at the same 54 KDa protein
      band which is also radiolabeled by 3H-DFMO. The reaction, which is stimulated by
      polylysine leads to the incorporation of up to 0.8 mol P/mol ornithine
      decarboxylase at seryl residue(s) included in a single 8.6 KDa CNBr fragment.
      Partially purified preparations of ornithine decarboxylase contain a type-2
      casein kinase which promotes the phosphorylation of ornithine decarboxylase at
      the same CNBr fragment affected by rat liver casein kinase-TS.

PMID- 6591920
TI  - Tumor promoting phorbol diesters: substrates for diacylglycerol lipase.
AB  - Enzyme activity in rat serum was examined utilizing the potent tumor promoter 12
      O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and various glycerolipids as substrates.
      The serum activity was specific for hydrolysis of the long chain tetradecanoate
      moiety of TPA, hydrolyzed mono- and diacylglycerols, but was not effective
      against triacylglycerols, cholesterylesters, or phospholipids. Heating the enzyme
      preparation at 56 degrees C for 1 min was dually effective in reducing the
      hydrolysis of both TPA and dioleoylglycerol by 83-86% of control levels. The
      potent diacylglycerol lipase inhibitor, RHC 80267, inhibited the hydrolysis of
      TPA in the 0.2-1.0 microM range and was also a potent blocker of monoacyl- and
      diacylglycerol hydrolysis. In substrate competition studies, exogenous unlabeled
      TPA was added to the [14C]dioleoylglycerol-containing reaction mixture, however,
      this produced an approximate 3-fold stimulation of [14]dioleoylglycerol
      hydrolysis. Although we have not established whether the hydrolysis of TPA and
      diacylglycerol is the work of one enzyme, the effectiveness of the specific
      lipase inhibitor, RHC 80267, demonstrates that diacylglycerol lipase can utilize
      TPA as substrate, a finding never before documented. This point is of interest in
      light of the theory that phorbol esters act by mimicry of the natural lipid
      mediator, diacylglycerols.

PMID- 6591921
TI  - Heparin, a powerful inhibition of type II casein kinases, stimulates the
      phosphorylation of some protein substrates by the catalytic subunit of cAMP
      dependent protein kinase.
AB  - Heparin, which has been shown to behave as a very effective and specific
      inhibitor of type II casein kinases, exhibits a stimulatory effect on the
      phosphorylation rate of pyruvate kinase and phosphorylase kinase, but not of
      histones, by the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. When
      pyruvate kinase is the substrate the phosphorylation rate is approximately
      doubled by heparin concentrations around 100 micrograms/ml, but just 2 to 4
      micrograms heparin per ml are sufficient to induce a half maximal effect. No
      stimulation by heparin can be observed replacing the protein substrates with two
      synthetic peptides reproducing the phosphorylatable sites of pyruvate kinase and
      of the gamma subunit of phosphorylase kinase. These data support the hypothesis
      that heparin accelerates phosphorylation by rendering the phosphorylatable sites
      more readily accessible to the protein kinase.

PMID- 6591922
TI  - [Pathology review. Acute rheumatic fever--Aschoff nodule].

PMID- 6591923
TI  - [Health objectives for the United States in 1990 and their application to Puerto
      Rico. I. Surveillance and control of infectious diseases].

PMID- 6591924
TI  - Electrocardiogram of the month. Sick sinus syndrome.

PMID- 6591925
TI  - In vitro susceptibility of Salmonella strains to cefotetan and other
      cephalosporins.
AB  - The in vitro activity of cefotetan, a recently developed cephamycin, is
      investigated by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and by the agar diffusion
      method against 212 strains of Salmonella (36 species). Cefotetan shows good
      activity against all strains of Salmonella tested and it is more active than
      other cephalosporins, in particular, on S. wien.

PMID- 6591926
TI  - Effect of PGE2 and indomethacin on human fibroblast collagen production.
AB  - Fibroblasts can synthetize prostaglandins (particularly PGE2) "in vitro" but it
      still remains unclear what role they play in the regulation of fibroblast
      proliferation and collagen production. We report here the effect of PGE2 and
      indomethacin on collagen synthesis by cultured human dermal fibroblasts. PGE2
      (range: 1-300 pmoles/ml) and indomethacin (range: 0.0025-1.0 micrograms/ml) did
      not significantly affect fibroblast collagen production, when added for 24 hours
      at 37 degrees C to the cultures, in comparison to controls (fibroblasts incubated
      for 24 hours at 37 degrees C in medium only). Prostaglandins probably modulate
      collagen synthesis, as described in a previous report, by means their effect on
      cell proliferation. It appears they do not affect the intracellular mechanism of
      collagen production.

PMID- 6591927
TI  - An unusual 'scissor' malocclusion.

PMID- 6591928
TI  - Stress on stress.

PMID- 6591929
TI  - Drilling for gold.

PMID- 6591930
TI  - PR: could do better.

PMID- 6591931
TI  - Odontogenic infections.

PMID- 6591932
TI  - Toothpaste formulation.

PMID- 6591933
TI  - Living with prevention.

PMID- 6591934
TI  - The radiographic assessment of early periodontal bone loss in adolescents.

PMID- 6591935
TI  - Dental demands of elderly people living at home in Hertfordshire.

PMID- 6591936
TI  - The source, frequency and extent of bacterial contamination of dental unit water
      systems.

PMID- 6591938
TI  - Illegal practice of dentistry.

PMID- 6591939
TI  - The use of a grid for dental radiography.

PMID- 6591937
TI  - Drilling for gold.

PMID- 6591940
TI  - Freedom and responsibility.

PMID- 6591941
TI  - Practical technique to correct thumb-sucking habit.

PMID- 6591942
TI  - Removal of plaque and stain from natural teeth by a low abrasivity toothpaste.

PMID- 6591943
TI  - An in vitro study of restorative dental treatment decisions and dental caries.

PMID- 6591944
TI  - Neutrophils with ring-shaped nuclei in myeloproliferative disease.
AB  - Neutrophils with ring-shaped nuclei were found in 12 out of 28 patients with
      myeloproliferative disease and only rarely in patients with toxaemic
      granulocytosis and in healthy controls. Nuclear ring formation and
      hyposegmentation appeared to be significantly related. Recently we became aware
      of the occasional occurrence of neutrophils with ring-shaped nuclei in patients
      with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and in chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL).
      Ring formation is a well-known feature of granulopoiesis in rodents. To our
      knowledge it has not been described in man. We therefore report here on a search
      for ring neutrophils in peripheral blood smears of patients and controls.

PMID- 6591945
TI  - Low dose cytosine arabinoside (Ara C) in myelodysplastic syndromes.
AB  - Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are acquired bone-marrow disorders, characterized
      by a decreased ability of the haemopoietic cell to differentiate, resulting in
      peripheral cytopenias. The majority of patients will die either from acute
      myeloid leukaemia or from infection and/or haemorrhage. Thirty-eight courses of
      low dose Ara C were administered in 26 MDS patients. Nineteen courses (50%) were
      associated with good (12) or partial (7) response. Three complete remissions were
      observed. The median duration of response overall was 19.5 weeks, 26 weeks for
      the good and 10 weeks for the partial responders. A high incidence of treatment
      failure was seen in patients treated after transition to AML. Major complications
      were observed during 14 courses and mortality was directly related to therapy in
      five patients. Platelet transfusions were required during 26 courses. Aggravation
      of peripheral-blood cytopenia during the first weeks and hypocellularity of bone
      marrow aspirates at the end of therapy suggest that low-dose Ara C exerts its
      main activity by suppression of leukaemic growth, rather than by induction of
      differentiation in malignant cells. Our results in MDS patients demonstrate that
      low-dose Ara C can be of value in severe cytopenia and can decrease the
      proportion of leukaemic cells in the bone marrow, but the danger of treatment
      should not be underestimated.

PMID- 6591946
TI  - Non-cardiotoxic anthracycline regimens in the treatment of acute myeloblastic
      leukaemia.

PMID- 6591947
TI  - CNS involvement in acute myelomonoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6591948
TI  - The influence of spontaneous and induced labour on the rise in prostaglandins at
      amniotomy.
AB  - Maternal peripheral plasma levels of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F (PGFM)
      were measured immediately before and 5 min after amniotomy. Three groups of women
      were studied: women in late pregnancy; women in spontaneous labour; and women who
      had received intravaginal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pessary. There was no
      significant difference in the magnitude of the rise in PGFM after amniotomy in
      late pregnancy or during spontaneous labour suggesting that labour has no
      influence on the release of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) induced by
      artificial rupture of the fetal membranes. However, local administration of PGE2
      before amniotomy caused a greater rise in PGFM suggesting that PGE2 can influence
      the release and/or metabolism of PGF2 alpha.

PMID- 6591949
TI  - Craniofacial development: the possible mechanisms for some malformations.
AB  - Normal craniofacial development is reviewed and some mechanisms in the fusion of
      mammalian facial 'processes' are discussed. The manipulation of environmental
      factors and effects of teratogens are related to genetic susceptibility of animal
      models, and extrapolated to craniofacial malformations in man.

PMID- 6591950
TI  - The holographic storage of study models.
AB  - The storage and recall of dental study models pose major problems for
      orthodontists. This problem may be solved by taking holographic films of study
      models. A method is described for their fabrication and some preliminary
      measurements are reported. The image produced by this method has a measurable
      three-dimensionality which can be produced at a very reasonable cost.

PMID- 6591951
TI  - Facial profile and orthognathic surgery.
AB  - The systematic analysis of patients requiring orthognathic surgery is discussed.
      A summary of the methods of profile assessment, the use of prediction tracings
      and 1:1 transparent photographs are described. The major changes to be expected
      following various surgical procedures are enumerated.

PMID- 6591952
TI  - Appliance breakages.
AB  - A survey of appliance breakages over a 12-month period revealed that the acrylic
      baseplate and bite planes (57 per cent) fractured more frequently than wire
      elements (43 per cent). The number of appliances broken represented about one in
      five of new appliances fitted during the period. More than half of the breakages
      were perpetrated by persistent offenders and 31 per cent of appliances broke
      while they were removed from the mouth, but in the care of the patient.
      Inadequate properties of the acrylic resin and carelessness on the part of the
      patient are suggested as the most important causative factors.

PMID- 6591953
TI  - A preliminary study of computer recognition and identification of skeletal
      landmarks as a new method of cephalometric analysis.
AB  - The usefulness of results obtained with cephalometrics is limited by measurement
      error. Much of this is due to the subjective nature of landmark identification on
      X-rays. Such subjectivity is not eliminated by electronic plotting equipment -
      despite its high resolution. Automatic (non-subjective) landmark identification
      of sella and menton was carried out in this study using the CLIP4 image
      processing system. The results obtained on 23 radiographs were compared with
      those of conventional techniques.

PMID- 6591954
TI  - Internal resorption complicating orthodontic tooth movement.
AB  - A case report is presented of an orthodontic patient who suffered internal
      resorption and a consequent 'pink spot' affecting a maxillary central incisor.
      Its management is outlined. The aetiology and possible cellular events
      responsible are discussed.

PMID- 6591955
TI  - Orthodontic treatment in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
AB  - The literature is briefly reviewed and the presentation and orthodontic treatment
      of a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is described. Surprisingly, in view of
      the nature of this collagen disorder, tooth movement appeared to progress
      normally; there was, however, a problem of mucosal ulceration which was
      alleviated through regular use of chlorhexidine mouthwash.

PMID- 6591956
TI  - An unusual lateral incisor.
AB  - The conditions of hypodontia, hyperodontia and connation (fusion or gemination)
      have been outlined. A case has been reported in which there has been failure of
      development of a normal maxillary lateral incisor on one side, with an unerupted
      tooth in this region which exhibited characteristics of a supernumerary tooth; a
      diagnosis of hypo-hyperodontia is suggested. This has occurred in a patient in
      whom the deciduous incisors in the same quadrant were connate.

PMID- 6591958
TI  - HLA typing in couples with repetitive abortion.
AB  - Highly inbred strains of mice have a reduced reproductive capacity. In contrast,
      an increased capacity is associated with an immune response to placental
      antigens. In humans, repeated miscarriages seem to be associated to a higher
      frequency of HLA allele BW35. Twenty couples with repetitive spontaneous
      abortions of unknown etiology and 20 control couples with normal fertility were
      HLA typed. The sera of wives of infertile couples were tested against the
      husbands lymphocytes in complement dependent lympholysis test in order to detect
      anti-paternal HLA antibodies. The data show an HLA significant compatibility
      between the husbands and the wives with a history of repetitive spontaneous
      abortions. The best probability of evaluating different loci is that of HLA-A (p
      less than 0.01). The frequency of HLA-BW35 in women with repeated miscarriages is
      higher than in control women or than in the general Italian population. In
      infertile couples, all the sera collected from the wife were negative against the
      husband lymphocytes.

PMID- 6591957
TI  - Fluorescence studies using synchrotron radiation on normal and differentiated
      cells labeled with parinaric acids.
AB  - Changes in membrane properties during the differentiation process in K562 cells
      have been investigated. A decrease of lectin-induced agglutination has been
      detected. The agglutination assay revealed to be an early and sensitive test to
      monitor the induced differentiation of the K562 cells. Naturally occurring
      fluorescent fatty acids (cis- and trans-parinaric acids) and the recently
      developed multifrequency phase and modulation technique were used to study cell
      membrane properties. Changes in fluorescence lifetime and polarization are
      clearly associated with cell differentiation, suggesting the involvement of the
      cellular plasma membrane in the differentiation process.

PMID- 6591959
TI  - New methods in biorheology. Proceedings of the International Symposium held in
      Nancy, France, 17-18 August 1983.

PMID- 6591960
TI  - Surface rheological observations on human plasma.
AB  - The weak interactions between plasma proteins are of possible importance both in
      haemorheology and in the pathology of several diseases. The use of surface
      rheology is a convenient way to study the forces arising between surface adsorbed
      protein molecules. A surface rheological measuring head has been designed for the
      Contraves LS-30 viscometer. Plasma samples of healthy human subjects showed a
      rapidly developing viscous surface layer with a mean peak value of 2.10(-3) Ns/m
      surface viscosity at 30- 60 seconds. After that the viscosity of the surface
      layer gradually decreased to zero between 8-20 minutes. The rate of the observed
      decrease was not related to shearing. There was no difference between samples
      anticoagulated with heparin or EDTA. The time course of the described phenomenon
      coincides with that of thrombocyte and white cell adherence to solid surfaces
      exposed to plasma.

PMID- 6591961
TI  - Some mathematical and numerical methods for determination of behaviour law of
      blood.
AB  - The determination of a constitutive law of a fluid, the red blood can be obtained
      by fitting the parameters of a theorical law with experimental results. For an
      experience, several expressions can be agreed, each of them explain a particular
      property. The aim of my purpose is to describe some mathematical and numerical
      methods, in relation with two experiences, able to give the value of an unknown
      quantity by computation and to fit it with measured quantity. The first method
      use finite element to modelize a couette nonlineer flow. It can be approach by a
      very simple model using only the computation of a nonlinear differential
      equation. The second use the perturbation method and the expansion in power
      serie.

PMID- 6591962
TI  - On the capillary-tube viscometry of placental blood.
AB  - This work was done as the first part of a continuing study of neonatal blood. In
      a recent paper (1), two parameters, "A" (relative whole-blood viscosity at unit
      rate of shear and 1% haematocrit) and "beta" (shear-sensitivity exponent) were
      proposed, as characteristics of a given blood-sample. Here, some 60 placentae
      yielded (after plasma-manipulation) 130 sub-samples having haematocrits ranging
      from 3% to 90%. Their viscosities were measured in a capillary viscometer set for
      a constant wall shear-stress of 1855 mPa. "A" and "beta" were calculated by the
      method given in (1). Multiple calculations on a number of sub-samples revealed
      systematic variations within any one blood; but when every A/beta ratio is
      plotted against the corresponding A, the results follow a smooth curve. This
      curve occupies a striking, almost central location when A-and-beta values from
      adult normal and pathological bloods (rotational viscometry) are superimposed on
      the diagram. An analytic form for the close correlation between haematocrit and
      relative placental blood-viscosity is given by the adoption of a single "group A"
      and "group beta" for all 130 results.

PMID- 6591963
TI  - The capillary tube plasma viscometer--an automatical instrument for measuring
      plasma viscosity.
AB  - A new capillary viscometer was developed to eliminate the measuring errors due to
      insufficient cleaning or the residue of cleaning solution in the capillary. A
      disposable polyurethane tube which can be discarded after each determination is
      used as a measuring chamber. This device has been constructed for bed-side
      application (light weight, dry, thermostat-controlled measuring capillaries,
      short measuring period, automated process, and easy operation). The PEARSON
      correlation coefficient for comparative measurements with the COULTER-HARKNESS
      viscometer was r = 0.979.

PMID- 6591965
TI  - A new apparatus for measuring the thread-forming property (spinability) of
      biological fluids.
AB  - Spinability is a rheological parameter which characterizes the property of fluids
      to be drawn into threads when stretched. It has been shown that this property is
      of particular importance in the mucus transport process. This paper describes an
      automatic apparatus which measures the spinability of a calibrated volume (20
      microliters) of sample at a stretching rate of 10 mm.sec.-1. The reproducibility
      of the measurements is analyzed on mucus simulants and on different types of
      bronchial mucus. Using this technique, we observed that the spinability of
      bronchial secretions is significantly correlated (r = 0.69, p less than 0.001)
      with their transport rate measured on the depleted frog palate. This device is
      suitable for measuring the spinability of all conductive types of mucus and other
      biological fluids.

PMID- 6591964
TI  - A new viscoelastometer for studying the rheological properties of bronchial mucus
      in clinical practice.
AB  - In clinical practice, a wide variety of drugs are given to modify the rheological
      properties of bronchial mucus but they are frequently not correctly chosen
      because there is not a simple apparatus available for the routine measurement of
      the mucus viscoelasticity. We designed a new viscoelastometer which is easy to
      operate and permit accurate measurement of the viscoelastic properties of mucus.
      The system has a Couette geometry and requires a sample of 1 ml. The outer
      cylinder is thermostated and rotates at a constant rate. The resulting torque is
      measured on the inner cylinder using a microdisplacement transducer. The inner
      cylinder is suspended by a special wire system which maintains a constant 0.75 mm
      gap between the two cylinders. The apparent viscosity is calculated up to 100
      Pa.s. at a low shear rate (0.4 s-1) and the elasticity is analyzed by a stress
      relaxation method. The characteristics of the apparatus and the typical
      viscoelasticity behaviour of several sputum samples are reported.

PMID- 6591966
TI  - Dependence of capillary flow resistance upon the width of the marginal layer and
      the viscosity of the axial core.
AB  - Capillary blood flow may be considered as the flow of two compartments a.) the
      low viscous cell free marginal layer, surrounding b.) the higher viscous axial
      core. If the flow of both compartments is calculated separately according to
      Poiseuille, the addition of the two calculations allows to adapt Poiseuille's law
      to the non-Newtonian blood flow in small capillaries. The modified law correlates
      theoretical and experimental data with R2 = 0.99. (H = 0.3 - 0.7, tau W = 0.1 -
      1.2 Pa, blood viscosity 5 to 20 mPa X s, capillary I.D. 0.3 mm). The width of the
      marginal was calculated by relating the shear dependent change in electrical
      resistance in blood perfused capillaries to the development of a cell free
      marginal layer. The viscosity of the core was determined with a bended glass
      fibre (phi = 10 microns).

PMID- 6591967
TI  - Rheological behavior of blood platelets in vivo.
AB  - Blood platelets labeled in vivo with the fluorochrome acridine red can be
      localized objectively within a thin optical section, using fluorescence
      microscopy. This allows the study of the rheological behavior of platelets in
      vivo as exemplified by the assessment of the concentration distribution and the
      orientation of platelets flowing in small arterioles of the rabbit mesentery.

PMID- 6591968
TI  - Resonance thrombography.
AB  - Resonance Thrombography is a method to follow up the coagulation process ex vivo
      from its very beginning up to its final consolidation phase resp. fibrinolysis.
      The mode of measurement is adopting the resonance effect of fibrin elasticity.
      The connection of a cylindric rod and outer cylinder by elastic fibrin fibres
      will increase the potential natural frequency (38 Hz) of the elastically
      suspended rod, to which a constant orbital drive of a very small radius is
      imported electronically. Change of difference between constant drive frequency
      and varying resonance frequency over time will result in sensitive registration
      of the Resonance Thrombogram (RTG). The orbital movement of the rod causes a
      circular flow of blood as long as it is fluid. The speed of flow is comparable to
      that in a medium sized vein, resembling a physiological situation. The clinical
      application of RTGraphy is regarding the fact, that there is practically no
      disturbance of clotting process which is not represented in any change of clot
      construction. Diagnosis of DIC, demonstration of SFMC as well as of fibrinolysis,
      differentiation between the effect of fibrin structure and of platelet activity
      are among the clinical assignments of RTGraphy.

PMID- 6591969
TI  - In vitro blood flows through small tubes.
AB  - This text recalls the main sequences of a videofilm in which we have looked at
      the blood flow through small diameter tubes, varying from 200 to 500 micron
      diameter, using a video equipment where the camera is fixed to a phase contrast
      microscope. Flows of two fluid model through converging-diverging small tubes
      have been studied both theoretically and experimentally, where we have considered
      the influence of tube diameter, stenosis, flow rate, haematocrit upon the red
      blood cells repartitions and the thickness of peripheral plasma layer.

PMID- 6591970
TI  - The hematocrit-electrolyte-concentration-apparatus (HECA).
AB  - An instrument was developed which can simultaneously determine the hematocrit and
      the total electrolyte concentration in blood and plasma respectively. It is
      possible to correct the hematocrit value for fluctuations of the total
      electrolyte concentration. Pilot studies of this device have been conducted on
      physiological and rigid erythrocyte suspensions and on plasma with various total
      electrolyte concentration. In the future, this device will be employed in
      analyzing blood and plasma of patients undergoing hemodialysis.

PMID- 6591971
TI  - Rheological approaches of arteries.
AB  - A fundamental problem of haemodynamics lies in the description of the rheological
      properties of arteries. The time and history dependency of stress and strain, the
      nonlinearity of the stress-radius relationship, and the activity of vascular
      smooth muscle complicate or even prevent a complete mathematical characterization
      of the arterial wall mechanics. Due to this nonlinearity, dynamic investigations
      were hitherto performed in excised arteries in vitro by means of small sinusoidal
      changes of stress and radius at different stress levels in a wide frequency
      range. To allow an analysis of the dynamic rheological properties of arteries in
      vivo, we have developed a procedure which permits the separate determination of
      the elastic, the viscous, and the inertial forces acting on the arterial wall.
      The stress can be subdivided into an elastic stress which is a function of radius
      (r), a viscous stress which is a function of dr/dt, and an inertial stress which
      is a function of d2r/dt2. These stresses are formulated as polynomials. Under
      cyclic loading and unloading, hysteresis loops appear in the stress-radius
      diagrams of arteries. Since the elastic stress-radius diagram must be free from
      any loop, the coefficients of the viscous and the inertial stress can be found by
      a fitting procedure, using the criterion of loop elimination. Investigations were
      performed on exposed canine arteries in vivo. The main result was that the
      elastic stress-radius curve was markedly nonlinear at greater pulse pressures.
      The viscous wall behaviour, too, was nonlinear and depended mainly on the square
      of the vessel radius.

PMID- 6591972
TI  - Some new developments in the rheology of bone.
AB  - Bone has been shown to be a viscoelastic material which is thermorheologically
      complex. This implies that multiple mechanisms determine the viscoelastic
      response of bone. New calculations of the contribution of fluid flow to the
      viscoelastic behavior of bone have been made. The calculation of the relaxation
      time was based on Biot's model for the relaxation of fluid flow in porous
      materials while the relaxation strength was estimated from simple composite
      models. These models together with recent measurements of the permeability of
      bone predict that part of the relaxation due to fluid flow will occur at fairly
      high frequencies, perhaps above 10 kHz for in vitro samples. Measurements of
      ultrasonic wave propagation and attenuation in wet bone have been performed from
      0.5 MHz to 15 MHz and the mechanical damping was measured from 100 Hz to 1 kHz
      with fluid viscosities ranging from 10(-3) to 5 X 10(-2) (MKS). However, a
      complete understanding of the rheological properties of bone will require
      additional experiments to bridge the gap between the low frequency measurements
      and the ultrasonic measurements.

PMID- 6591974
TI  - Respiratory mechanical impedances. Methodology and interpretation.
AB  - A synthetic approach to lung and chest mechanics is to apply pressure variations
      to the respiratory system over a range of frequencies and to study the amplitude
      and phase relationships between applied pressure and resulting gas or tissue
      flow. Such impedance measurements may be performed in different ways, which are
      not equivalent: the most usual are to measure gas flow at the mouth while
      pressure is varied either at the same place (input impedance) or around the chest
      (transfer impedance). Transfer impedance measurements were performed in healthy
      subjects from 3 to 70 Hz and tentatively interpreted with a model featuring
      tissue elasticity, resistance and inertance, gas compressibility, and airway gas
      resistance and inertance. The pressure-flow ratio was minimum at 5-10 Hz and
      increased very fast above 50 Hz. The phase angle was nil around 7 Hz, of + 90
      degrees at 30-40 Hz and close to 180 degrees at 70 Hz. The validity of the model
      is supported by the quality of the fit to the data up to 50 Hz, the values of the
      coefficients and the results of experiments where the subject's mechanical
      properties were varied.

PMID- 6591973
TI  - Comparison of geometrical models for evaluating left ventricular wall motion from
      cineangiograms.
AB  - Regional wall motion of the left ventricle (LV) has been analyzed from contrast
      ventriculograms by using 4 methods based on different geometrical frameworks. Two
      of them utilize moving internal reference systems, the center of mass (CMM) and
      the long axis (LAM) methods; the two other ones use fixed external reference
      systems, the area-based (ABM) and the Palo Alto (PAM) methods. The techniques
      were applied on a set of 81 patients: 42 were normal and composed the group I; 22
      had a single vessel obstruction greater than 75% of the left anterior descending
      coronary artery (group II) with old necrosis or active ischemia of the LV
      anterior wall; 17 had a single vessel obstruction greater than 75% of the right
      coronary artery (group III) with old necrosis or active ischemia of the LV
      inferior wall. ABM and PAM showed the highest specificities and sensitivities on
      the studied sample. Therefore, we believe these two methods, of the techniques
      tested, are the best to quantitate wall motion from cineangiograms.

PMID- 6591975
TI  - Harmonic and impulse rheological tests of biomaterials.
AB  - Up to now, not so much attention has been paid concerning the dynamic rheological
      behaviour of soft tissues although non linear viscoelastic effects have often
      been reported when mechanical properties of biomaterials are concerned. In order
      to characterize such properties different rheological tests have been proposed,
      the two principal being the study of the sample stresses responses to applied
      strains which are either harmonic with time or of step function type. Two
      different apparatus have been designed in our laboratory which allow specific
      rheological tests on biological materials under controlled environmental
      conditions. With one of them, harmonic uniaxial extension tests are performed in
      a large domain of frequencies (.001 Hz to 100 Hz) and forces (up to 20 daN); with
      the other, the samples are submitted to relaxation tests in uniaxial elongation
      up to 5 cm deformation within time duration of the order of 20 ms. The principal
      characteristics, limitations and performances of such apparatus are presented and
      few examples of data thus obtained are given. On the basis of quasi linear
      viscoelasticity models, it can be shown that both two types of tests with their
      proper limitations are leading to the same rheological parameters.

PMID- 6591976
TI  - Measurements of oxygen tension in muscle.

PMID- 6591977
TI  - Mechano-mathematical model of excitation-contraction coupling in muscle tissue.
AB  - A system of equations, describing the excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac
      muscle is obtained on the basis of a physiological model and of a thermodynamical
      one of a system with external control, the latter model being proposed by the
      authors. A single isometric contraction is modelled for latent, activation and
      relaxation periods. The obtained theoretical results coincide qualitatively with
      the experimental data.

PMID- 6591978
TI  - The hematocrit-erythrocyte-disaggregation-apparatus (HEDA).
AB  - We have developed a device for the determination of the minimum shear force
      necessary to maintain complete disaggregation of erythrocytes and to
      simultaneously determine the hematocrit of blood samples (red cells in autologous
      plasma). A functional relationship between this shear force and the hematocrit
      was determined. The first derivative of the (measured) gamma Tmin as a function
      of the hematocrit was found to be identical (within limits) for all normal blood
      samples tested.

PMID- 6591979
TI  - A new simple method for measuring red cell aggregation.
AB  - A viscometric technique is outlined for the measurement of red cell aggregation
      (RCA). Samples are submitted to a constant shear rate of 2,4 s-1. The resulting
      time dependent torque signal reaches a peak soon after starting the rotation and
      falls within seconds to a constant baseline, thereby describing an area "F" with
      the baseline. The shear history of the sample being strictly controlled, "F" is
      reproducible and shows a direct, positive correlation with RCA as determined for
      instance in the "aggregometer".

PMID- 6591980
TI  - Experimental approach to rouleau formation. Comparison of three methods.
AB  - From a clinical point of view, the approach to erythrocyte aggregate or rouleau
      formation and cohesion is undeniably of great interest. A large number of methods
      have been suggested for studying this parameter such as: back-scattering of
      light, nephelometry, ultrasound, etc... In this paper the authors have compared
      three methods to approach rouleau formation: direct observation of rouleau
      formation (rheoscope); 'erythrocyte aggregometer': with this technique, the light
      transmitted by the sample is integrated over a period of time and provides an
      index (IA); laser reflectometer based on studying the light that is back
      scattered by the blood sheared in the gap of a viscometer. The results show that
      the indexes measured by both reflexion and transmission vary according to
      hematocrit and reach a maximum value at hematocrit levels of between 30 and 40%.
      In contrast, observation using the rheoscope did not provide qualitative evidence
      of this phenomenon.

PMID- 6591981
TI  - Recent progress in improving data processing in filtration measurements.
AB  - Nucleopore filter membranes currently utilized to assess RBC "deformability" do
      not meet the strict metrological requirements of a measuring gauge. They present
      different kinds of inhomogeneities introducing an useless information (a
      background noise) into measurement results and expressed as poor reproducibility.
      Variance reduction can only be achieved by eliminating aberrant results from a
      series of parallel measurements made with different membranes. To this end a
      procedure is proposed to identify aberrant values by an iterative statistical
      regression analysis of data from filter calibration and measurements on RBC
      suspensions and to express results as "reduced" initial flow rates for a standard
      filter resistance.

PMID- 6591982
TI  - A new device for the routine measurement of erythrocyte deformability.
AB  - We present a device for the routine measurement of the deformability of
      individual red blood cells, the so called Single-Erythrocyte-Rigidometer (SER).
      The time required for individual erythrocytes to traverse a single pore membrane
      (pore diameter = 5 micron, pore length = 25 micron) is taken as an index of red
      cell deformability. For example we present the results from patients with insult,
      polyneuropathy and morbus binswanger. Compared to the results of erythrocytes of
      healthy probands a significantly increased rigidity of the RBC of the patients
      can be diagnosed.

PMID- 6591983
TI  - An improved filtration rate for measuring red cell deformability.
AB  - In order to follow the filtration of a red cell suspension with time, the
      filtration technique described (1) has been modified. The red cell suspension is
      filtered through a polycarbonate membrane filter (pore diameter 5 micron) under
      gravitational force. The filtrate is collected in a plastic tube connected to an
      isometric transducer, the output of which is registered on a chart recorder. The
      linear part of the curve obtained is used to calculate the slope and the relative
      filterability (RF) ie the ratio of the rate of flow of the red cell suspension to
      the rate of flow of the suspending medium. The reproducibility of the technique
      is demonstrated by a less than 5% coefficient of variation in one blood sample
      less than 5% interobserver variation and a weekly variation from the same donor
      of less than 5%. The fast filtration rate of a highly diluted red cell suspension
      (0.5-1%) may be followed with this technique, taking the first 15 seconds to
      calculate it. The technique has proved useful in detecting differences in red
      cell deformability in connective tissue disorders (Scleroderma, Raynaud's
      phenomenon) also between stored and freshly prepared red cell suspension and its
      improvement by drugs (pentoxifylline, dipyridamole).

PMID- 6591984
TI  - Filtration pressure and red blood cell deformability: evaluation of a new device:
      erythrometre.
AB  - The authors have tested a new device that records the filtration pressure of a
      suspension of red blood cells (R.B.C.) passing through a 3 micron pore diameter
      filter. As the flow rate is constant, the pressure increase allows to appreciate
      an index of the R.B.C. deformability. In order to test the performances of this
      new equipment, the authors have studied the influence of the variation of the
      following parameters. Haematocrit from 0.5 to 2%, Buffer composition; time
      elapsing from drawing to measurement: from hour 0 to hour 3. This analysis has
      been performed on donors; on packed red cells preserved in CPD, from D0 to D21
      and on patients specimens and the results have been compared to the whole blood
      filtration according to the Reid and Dormandy method. The following parameters
      were simultaniously measured: Whole blood viscosity by means of a Low Shear 30
      viscosimeter, Intraerythrocyte ATP by bioluminescence, Membrane lipid composition
      (cholesterol, phospholipids), Scanning electron microscopy. This new apparatus,
      measuring the filtration pressure seems to be a more sensitive and reproductible
      method allowing to approach the RBC deformability, and quite usefull in clinical
      haemorheology.

PMID- 6591986
TI  - Automated apparatus for the filtration initial flow rate measurement.
AB  - A new version of the Hemorheometre is presented. The main improvements are: The
      measurements can be performed at constant temperature. The apparatus operation is
      automated. The accuracy of the apparatus is thus significantly increased.

PMID- 6591985
TI  - Assessment of erythrocyte deformability by constant flow filtration technique:
      analysis of factors influencing the initial pressure.
AB  - When filtering red blood cells (RBC) resuspended into buffer at constant flow,
      the pressure-time curve is dependent on erythrocyte deformability (E.D) and also
      on the plugging of pores by RBC or leukocytes (WBC). To understand the influence
      of these 3 factors, we used an apparatus with: 1) a constant flow syringe
      (Bioblock) (1.56 ml/mn); 2) a pressure transducer (Statham P23 ID); 3) a recorder
      (Gould); 4) a 5 micron polycarbonate filter (Nuclepore) housed in a lucite block
      according to USAMI & al. (1). Resuspensions of RBC from 4 to 14% haematocrit with
      0 to 600 WBC/mm3 were investigated. Results indicate that: 1/ The first inflexion
      point of the pressure-time curve (initial pressure leading to calculation of
      beta) is related to the RBC's deformability; 2/beta is (in our experimental
      conditions) dependent on the WBC number; 3/beta seems very sensitive to
      deformability changes as shown by rapid increases induced by osmolarity changes.

PMID- 6591987
TI  - Leucocyte removal prior to study of erythrocyte deformability.
AB  - Positive-pressure and initial-flow-rate (Hemorheometre) methods for the study of
      erythrocyte filtration through 5 micron diameter pores are highly sensitive to
      the presence of contaminating leucocytes in the erythrocyte test suspension. A
      pre-filtration step, in which heparinised or EDTA-anticoagulated whole-blood was
      passed through a column of Imugard IG500 cotton wool, was therefore developed.
      This procedure removed contaminating platelets and leucocytes, but not
      erythrocyte sub-populations, and is likely to improve the sensitivity and
      specificity of erythrocyte filtration techniques.

PMID- 6591988
TI  - Small angle light scattering by large spheroids. Comparison with patterns from
      erythrocytes under shear.
AB  - The physical optics approximation has been used to compute small angle light
      scattering patterns from spheroids regarged as models for deformed red cells.
      According to their orientation, diagrams have been obtained whose fine structure
      can be very different from that resulting of the classical diffraction (existence
      of maxima and minima of intensity along the rings). Some experimental results for
      red cells suspensions under shear are shown which exhibit features very similar
      to the theoretical ones.

PMID- 6591989
TI  - The Technicon Ektacytometer: automated exploration of erythrocyte function.
AB  - The Ektacytometer is a visco-diffractometric method to preferentially examine the
      functional properties of erythrocytes. The realization of this method in the form
      of an automated laboratory instrument, the Technicon Ektacytometer, is described.
      A suspension of RBC is submitted to a uniform shear stress. The resulting
      deformation of the cells is seen as an elongation of the diffraction image and
      expressed as the Elongation Index or EI. EI may be traced on an X-Y recorder as a
      function of stress, time and of suspending medium osmolality. The osmolality is
      varied automatically in the viscometer and automatically measured via its
      conductivity, resulting in an "Osmoscan". The Osmoscan is highly reproducible and
      requires only 150 microliter of blood and 5 minutes per sample. Its high
      sensitivity to small changes in erythrocyte properties permits the separation of
      factors affecting RBC deformability, and provides a measure of the osmotic
      fragility which correlates very well with the traditional test. Other
      applications are described, including mechanical fragility assays on whole cells,
      relaxation times of ghosts and the automatic variation of PO2. Possible future
      applications are suggested.

PMID- 6591990
TI  - Viscometric methods for assessing red cell deformability and fragmentation.
AB  - Erythrocyte deformability is an important determinant of red cell life span and
      depends on at least three key factors: shape, internal viscosity and membrane
      mechanical properties. In this paper we describe three viscometric methods for
      assessing red cell deformability and fragmentation: 1) Plasma and whole blood are
      sheared with a coneplate viscometer at high shear rates. A mathematical model for
      liquid behaviour is applied to the results from plasma and whole blood viscosity,
      and a rheological parameter called internal viscosity is obtained. 2) Shearing
      packed red cells (Haematocrit greater than or equal to 95%) at high shear rates,
      a mechanical fragmentation curve is obtained, and a new rheological parameter
      called rupture stress is determined. 3) Shearing whole blood at 230 Sec-1 and
      increasing continuously the temperature from 37 degrees C to 57 degrees C, a
      thermic curve is obtained. A viscosity increase is observed at about 48 degrees C
      and thermic curve changes are related to effects of heat on the red cell
      membrane. Internal viscosity, mechanical fragmentation curve and thermic curve
      assess red cell deformability and fragmentation and can be used as diagnostic
      tools in diseases with red cell abnormalities.

PMID- 6591991
TI  - Interests and limits of continuous excitation photo-physical methods applied to
      cellular rheology.
AB  - It is possible to characterize the cohesion of the lipidic zones in cells or in
      membranes by using molecular emission spectroscopy techniques such as :
      fluorescence polarization, quenching reactions, intramolecular reactions.
      However, applying these techniques in biology can be improved by the use of
      pulsed excitations leading to the time-resolved evolutions of some properties of
      the probe, which can themselves be a function of their environment. The first and
      the last techniques, based on the use of diphenylhexatriene and dipyrenylpropane
      respectively are used in practice by steady state excitation. In the case of
      fluorescence polarization, it can be shown that the method can be applied, within
      certain limits, which have to be precised when studying the modifications in the
      membranes. This is also partly true for methods based on the use of
      intramolecular reactions. However these continuous excitation techniques usually
      only lead to a global result which is a function of several spectroscopic
      parameters and of the "cohesion" of the membrane. Then it can be shown that to go
      beyond this step of semi-quantitative analysis, it is necessary to use pulsed or
      modulated excitation methods. Moreover this more sophisticated technical approach
      implies a new theoretical effort to understand the molecular dynamics of the
      membranes.

PMID- 6591992
TI  - A nanosecond fluorometer for studies of rheological aspects of biomembranes.
AB  - A nanosecond fluorometer was designed to study the microdynamics of biomembranes.
      The overall system consists of a nitrogen laser for excitation of fluorophores,
      optics consisting of polarizers, monochromators, a single photon counting system
      having a multichannel time to amplitude converter controlled with a microcomputer
      and a data processing system. The laser pulse for excitation was polarized with a
      polarizer. Anisotropically polarized DPH fluorescence could be measured with a
      time resolution smaller than 5 nsec. The parallel decay curve of DPH fluorescence
      was higher than the perpendicular decay curve in erythrocyte membrane over the
      whole decay time. No anisotropism was recorded in a tetrahydrofuran solution.
      These results suggested that the motion of DPH molecules in erythrocyte membranes
      was restrained and that the present system provided information on rheological
      aspects of molecular dynamic structure of biomembranes.

PMID- 6591993
TI  - Investigation of human blood platelets with fluorescence spectroscopy.
AB  - Intramolecular excimer formation of dipyrenylpropane was investigated in human
      blood platelets. The ratio of the emission intensities of excimer to monomer
      (IE/IM) is sensitive to changes in lipidic membrane structure, induced by
      external perturbations, such as cholesteryl hemisuccinate introduction and
      temperature. Lack of reliable "microviscosities" determinations could be due to
      poor solubility of the probe in aqueous cells suspensions. Results were compared
      to those obtained with the fluorescence polarization technique.

PMID- 6591995
TI  - Microbial chromophore materials in circulating blood identified by laser micro
      Raman spectroscopy.
AB  - The microscopic observation of blood under various pathological circumstances
      (infectious diseases, cancer, leukemia) shows the presence of blue particles of
      micrometer size. Microbial cultivation of such blood samples allows the isolation
      of bacterial able to produce such chromophore particles in vitro, when cultivated
      on medium containing prewarmed blood (Chocolate Blood Medium) and to provoke the
      appearance of that material in normal blood, initially free from it. The
      vibrational spectra of these micrometer size coloured particles have been
      recorded by a micro-Raman Spectrometer and the identical nature of the blue
      particles from the two different sources has been well established. These
      findings suggest that the blue particles in pathological blood are originated by
      bacteria. The circumstances of the discovery of the microbial chromophore
      materials in blood, particularly but non exclusively in cases of cancer or
      leukemia can be discussed in comparison with the other pathogenic mechanisms.

PMID- 6591994
TI  - Studies of rheologically active biological macromolecules by quasielastic light
      scattering.
AB  - Variables which describe the structure and rheological behavior of macromolecules
      in both dilute solutions and gels may be determined using methods of quasielastic
      laser light scattering (QELS). Such parameters include diffusion coefficients,
      molecular size such as hydrodynamic radius, and viscoelastic moduli. If the
      polymer is polydisperse, the distribution of radii may be estimated. Application
      of the methods is illustrated with data on the size distribution of a tracheal
      mucin glycoprotein solution as an example of a polydisperse polymer solution of
      biorheological interest. A scheme for measuring shear moduli of polymer gels
      using dynamic laser light scattering is illustrated with data on reconstituted
      fibrin clots.

PMID- 6591996
TI  - The OP-Rheometer system, a new device for analysis of viscosity and
      viscoelasticity of blood: description and clinical application.
AB  - OP-Rheometer is a rotational viscometer of concentric type, which was developed
      to measure blood viscosity at low shear rate (0.2-40 sec-1) and viscoelasticity
      at 0.1-3.0 Hz in the context of clinical medicine. This system consists of a
      mechanical unit, a control unit (console), a data processing unit and a printer.
      The dynamic or steady state flow data are automatically printed out. An outer
      cylinder (sample container) is connected to a torsion wire assembly supported by
      a pair of magnetic bearings. The angular displacement is detected by a pair of
      variable differential transformers. In clinical application of this rheometer,
      authours have confirmed that the viscosity and viscoelasticity of blood from
      diabetic patients are higher than for normal subjects.

PMID- 6591997
TI  - Dynamic evaluation of aggregation and agglutination of red blood cells.
AB  - Viscoelastic evaluation of aggregation and agglutination of red blood cells was
      attempted. A concentric double cylinder viscoelastometer was used for determining
      the dynamic rigidity modulus and loss modulus of blood sample. The dynamic
      rigidity modulus of horse blood were measured over a wide range of hematocrit.
      The relation between the viscoelastic behavior and the erythrocyte sedimentation
      was examined. The change in the amount of surface charge of enzyme treated red
      blood cells was qualitatively estimated from the measurements of dynamic
      viscoelasticity of red blood cells suspension with added poly-L-lysine. The
      dynamic rigidity modulus of red blood cells agglutinated by adding lectin
      (concanavalin A) were also measured.

PMID- 6591998
TI  - The Aachen clinical hemorheology test profile: a proposal for the documentation
      of hemorheological data in clinical medicine.
AB  - The recent development of specific methods to measure directly the
      microrheological determinants of blood fluidity allows to complement or even
      substitute global measurements of whole blood apparent viscosity or filtrability
      through sieves containing restricted pores. While such differentiation is
      mandatory for practical and theoretical reasons, there is the danger of loosing
      coherence of measurements essential for correlating hemorheology to other
      sciences. In an attempt to document hemorheological data in a simple yet
      comprehensive fashion, a test profile for the display of normalized data from
      subtests on hematocrit, plasma viscosity, red cell "rigidity" and tendency to red
      cell aggregation is proposed. Using procedures developed in the behavioural
      sciences, stringend criteria for evaluating the validity, reliability,
      standardization, economy and usefulness of individual subtests for the blood
      viscosity determinants and a compounded hemorheology test profile are proposed.
      There is good evidence that abnormal hemorheological behaviour of red cell plasma
      mixtures manifest themselves exclusively in situations associated with grossly
      reduced in vivo driving pressures and thence shear stresses. In these situations,
      in which a low flow state is caused by general hemodynamic changes, there is a
      danger that the blood looses its normal fluidity and undergoes a reversible
      viscidation: We propose the hypothesis that in these situation abnormally blood
      poses a risk of a flow limitation (and even interruption) by rheological
      abnormalities described above. The test profile presented has been developed to
      supply a more valid experimental method for subjecting the above hypothesis to
      experimental tests in the clinical situation.

PMID- 6591999
TI  - Methods and instrumentation used in practice of clinical haemorheology.
AB  - The aim of practice of clinical haemorheology is to study patients who might
      present themselves with or without any clinical symptoms but who might suffer
      from silent or overt cardiovascular disorders, some forms of cancer, anxiety,
      etc. A presence and a prognosis of these disorders are linked to an increase
      and/or abnormality of one or more of the blood viscosity factors: blood
      viscosity, plasma viscosity, red cell aggregation and rigidity, platelet
      aggregation, ability for formation of thrombi, flow instability, etc.
      Hyperviscosaemia might be present in spite of normal or low viscosity of the
      whole blood. Different disorders can be described by 'profiles of viscosity
      factors' which form a rheological fingerprint specific to a particular disease or
      a group of disorders. Determination of viscosity factors is carried out utilizing
      a series of instruments: (a) rotational viscometers, (b) capillary viscometers,
      (c) erythrocyte sedimentation tubes in 20C and 37C water tanks, (d) variable
      frequency thrombo-viscometer, (e) slit-capillary photo-viscometer, etc. One known
      factor which is not measured routinely is 'inversion phenomenon', and this is due
      to complexity and expense of measurements. Biochemical studies, including
      fibrinogen assay and estimation of ABO blood groups, are carried out. Effect of
      drugs on blood viscosity factors can be studied in vitro or in vivo.

PMID- 6592000
TI  - Assignment of hemorheological instruments in the angiologic ambulance: first
      results and experiences.
AB  - Patients with chronic arterial disorders (CAD) frequently exhibit rheological
      alterations of the blood beneath generalisated sclerosing of the vessels and
      restricted arterial diameters. Alterations of different rheological parameters
      were determined in more than 80% of the examined patients. The following
      parameters were measured: yield shear stress in the ESM, hematocrit level in the
      IHA, plasma viscosity in the CTPV, standardized erythrocyte aggregation index in
      the MEA and standardized erythrocyte rigidity index in the SER.

PMID- 6592001
TI  - Transient hemorheology in an air-bearing viscosimeter.
AB  - Blood suspensions have been studied by using an air-bearing viscosimeter which is
      driven by a rotating magnetic induction. Each transient motion (rise, relaxation
      with zero or intermittent field) can be considered as a quasi-static motion, from
      which the curve viscosity-shear gradient can be obtained. Combining several
      transient motions allows an easier determination of the parameters describing a
      non newtonian fluid like blood.

PMID- 6592002
TI  - Conception and realization of a new viscometer using a magnetic fluid for
      measuring biological fluids.
AB  - The viscometer described in this paper comprises a vertical cylinder containing
      the fluid to be tested and an inner, hollow cylinder floating in the fluid and
      filled with magnetic liquid. The magnetic liquid and inner cylinder are set in
      motion by applying a rotating magnetic field. Torque is balanced by the stresses
      in the fluid and the inertia of the rotating cylinder. The main characteristics
      of this new apparatus are: - possibility of applying various torques to the
      rotor. Measurements of angular velocity are made on the inner cylinder (in
      general, conventional viscometers are built on the opposite principle), - study
      in transient flow. Various measurements on Newtonian fluids (water, plasma, oils,
      etc.) and on blood suspensions have made it possible to improve the accuracy of
      the method.

PMID- 6592003
TI  - Blood viscosity measurements in both extensional and shear flow by a falling ball
      viscometer.
AB  - A falling ball viscometer is used to measure whole blood and plasma viscosities.
      The principle of the device is to determine the fall time of a ball contained in
      a disposable syringe; the periodic run of the sphere prevents blood sedimentation
      during the measuring cycle but does not prevent the aggregation process which
      takes place with a short relaxation time. The analysis of the flow field is
      discussed relative to previous papers. The study of the dynamics of the falling
      ball provides two characteristic rates of deformation for the mixed extensional
      and shear flow field. The Reynolds numbers are calculated using different
      velocities and radii. Results on blood and plasma viscosity of patients suffering
      from rheumatoid arthritis are given in relation with clinical and biological
      indexes.

PMID- 6592004
TI  - Methods to study rheological properties of blood during clotting.
AB  - In vitro rheological studies on clotting of fibrinogen solution, plasma and blood
      are reviewed. Multiple viscoelastorecorder (MVER) and viscoelastorecorder (VER)
      were developed for determining the dynamic rigidity modulus (G') and loss modulus
      (G") during clotting. The effect of some parameters on clotting and the
      properties of fibrin clot are discussed. The parameters include measuring
      frequency, measuring shear strain and surface coating of measuring cell. The
      change of dynamic rigidity during clotting was compared between normal plasma and
      plasma from patient with Glanzmann's disease. By detecting the stress at the
      higher harmonic frequency, the non-linear terms of G' and G" were determined.

PMID- 6592005
TI  - Comparative interest of two coaxial viscometers: ecktacytometer and low shear 30.
AB  - We have studied some rheological parameters in different clinical status by using
      two coaxial viscometers. The Contraves Low Shear sinus 30 allows available shear
      rates range from gamma (128s-1 to 0,0175 s-1), and the parameters studied were
      viscoelastiticy, thixotropy and blood viscosity. The Ecktacytometer+ is another
      method for measuring cell deformation in couette flow. The aim of our study was
      to compare these two technics, to consider their clinical interest and finally to
      visualize an eventual correlation.

PMID- 6592006
TI  - Improving accuracy of co-axial viscometry.
AB  - Aggregation and sedimentation of the red cells in the viscometer makes it
      difficult to obtain good reproducibility at low shear rates. A simple method is
      described to obtain repeatable torque-time curves with the Contraves LS30. Before
      starting rotation, the blood sample is agitated by an up and down movement of the
      bob. This results in identical (within 1-2% of the actual amplitude) repeated
      tracings even at the lowest shear rates, even with extremely time-dependent
      samples. The subsequent torque-time curve of the disaggregated and unsettled
      samples provides an experimental basis for the quantitative description of blood
      viscoelasticity and for dynamic analysis of red cell aggregation: furthermore it
      results in more accurate measurements when comparing different samples and
      testing therapeutic effects. The method is applicable to any coaxial cylinder
      type viscometer with manual lowering of the bob.

PMID- 6592007
TI  - Thrombin generation in acute promyelocytic leukemia.
AB  - Six patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in association
      with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) were studied with sensitive
      radioimmunoassays that are able to quantitate the extent of thrombin generation
      within the human circulation. The levels of prothrombin activation fragment, F1 +
      2, and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) were obtained at clinical presentation
      and were then followed serially in several patients during induction
      chemotherapy. The antileukemic therapy often resulted in a rise in the plasma
      levels of these molecular species. Simultaneous measurements of fibrinopeptide A
      (FPA) were also obtained, and the concentrations of this polypeptide were
      correlated with the levels of F1 + 2 and TAT in patients who were not receiving
      heparin. Nine individuals with other morphological subtypes of acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) were investigated and were usually found to have
      increased levels of F1 + 2, TAT, and FPA at clinical presentation. However, the
      magnitude of the elevations was considerably greater and the correlation between
      TAT and FPA levels was stronger in APL than in ANLL. These studies provide direct
      evidence that patients with APL, as well as ANLL, generate excessive amounts of
      thrombin within their vascular system. Furthermore, the data suggest that the
      concentrations of F1 + 2, compared with the levels of FPA, may be a more
      sensitive indicator of hemostatic system hyperactivity in individuals with DIC.

PMID- 6592008
TI  - Clonal origin of cells restricted to monocytic differentiation in acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Two patients with acute monocytic leukemia and heterozygous for the Mediterranean
      variant of the X-linked enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), were
      investigated to determine the number and type of progenitor cells involved.
      Mosaicism for Mediterranean G6PD was assessed by the different rate of
      utilization of 2-deoxy glucose-6-phosphate (2dG6P) by normal and Mediterranean
      variants of G6PD. The monocytoid blasts were found to express one type of G6PD
      only, indicating their clonal origin from a common progenitor cell, whereas all
      other hemopoietic cell populations tested expressed the heterozygous phenotype.
      The finding of a unique involvement of the monocytic line in two cases of acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) represents further evidence of heterogeneity of
      stem cell involvement in ANLL.

PMID- 6592010
TI  - Pattern of pyruvate kinase isozymes in erythroleukemia cell lines and in normal
      human erythroblasts.
AB  - To further investigate the erythroid nature of the two human erythroleukemia cell
      lines, K562 and HEL-60, and to define the ontogeny of pyruvate kinase (PK)
      isozymes (R, M2) in developing human erythroid cells, we have studied the
      isozymic alterations, if any, during differentiation of these cell lines in vitro
      and normoblasts isolated from fetal liver in vivo. PK activity of erythroleukemic
      cell lines was intermediate between that observed in leukocytes and in fetal
      liver erythroblasts. These cell lines contained a high level of M2-PK, but R-PK
      was always present, albeit at low concentrations, in all the clones or subclones
      we studied. Erythroblasts from fetal liver were separated according to density on
      a Stractan gradient. R-PK levels were nearly constant in the different fractions,
      whereas M2-PK levels markedly decreased as the erythroblasts became mature and
      almost completely disappeared in late erythroid cells. Thus, these results
      clearly demonstrate the erythroid origin of these cell lines.

PMID- 6592009
TI  - Acute monoblastic leukemia in infancy and early childhood: successful treatment
      with an epipodophyllotoxin.
AB  - Four of five infants and young children with acute monoblastic leukemia, a
      disease that heretofore has been highly refractory to therapy, were successfully
      treated with sequential infusions of a podophyllin derivative employed as a
      single agent over a protracted period of time. In three of the five children,
      monocytic leukemia cutis was present at birth. Treatment was begun in two of them
      when the disease had progressed to systemic involvement at a few months of age,
      and in the third when disease was still localized. The other two children were 11
      and 18 months of age at initial presentation with widespread disease. Four
      children are off therapy 11 months, 26 months, 5 years, and 6 years,
      respectively.

PMID- 6592011
TI  - High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin in alloimmunized platelet transfusion
      recipients.
AB  - High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin (polyvalent immunoglobulin G) has been shown
      to be of benefit in some patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP),
      possibly by producing reticuloendothelial system blockade. We studied this
      approach in patients refractory to random donor platelet transfusion using an IV
      IgG preparation manufactured by the Swiss Red Cross. Eleven adult patients with
      acute leukemia received either 0.4 g IgG/kg/d intravenously X five days (four
      patients) or 0.6 g/kg/d X five days (seven patients). All patients had high
      levels of lymphocytotoxic antibody and poor responses to random donor platelets.
      Except for mild headaches in two patients, there were no side effects related to
      the IgG infusions. All patients had significant elevations of serum IgG on the
      day after completion of treatment. Either random donor or partially HLA-matched
      platelet transfusions were administered the day after and, in some cases, during
      the IgG therapy. No patient had an improvement in one hour posttransfusion
      platelet count increments. Two additional patients received pooled platelet
      concentrates incubated for 30 minutes at 37 degrees C with IgG at a final
      concentration of 3 g% prior to transfusions. These results indicate that high
      dose IgG, an extremely expensive treatment, cannot be recommended for
      alloimmunized adults with leukemia.

PMID- 6592012
TI  - Trends in clinical nutrition education.

PMID- 6592013
TI  - Conference on nutrition teaching in medical schools. The New York-New Jersey
      Regional Center for Clinical Nutrition Education.

PMID- 6592014
TI  - Summary of Regional Nutrition Center activities.

PMID- 6592015
TI  - The development of goals and objectives for a nutrition teaching program.

PMID- 6592016
TI  - Specific goals for nutrition teaching "if I had my way".

PMID- 6592017
TI  - A methodology for nutrition curriculum evaluation.

PMID- 6592018
TI  - Evaluation of the quality and quantity of nutrition teaching in the curriculum.

PMID- 6592019
TI  - An integrated approach for nutrition teaching in the medical curriculum.

PMID- 6592020
TI  - Discrete nutrition courses vs. the integrated approach.

PMID- 6592021
TI  - Data on nutrition courses and electives from the Regional Nutrition Center.

PMID- 6592022
TI  - Nutrition teaching in medical schools: the student perspective.

PMID- 6592024
TI  - Nutrition education for medical students at the University of Maryland.

PMID- 6592023
TI  - The value of discrete nutrition courses.

PMID- 6592025
TI  - Clinical nutrition courses at Louisiana State University in New Orleans.

PMID- 6592027
TI  - Nutrition teaching at the basic science level.

PMID- 6592026
TI  - Experience with intensive nutrition courses.

PMID- 6592028
TI  - Bridging the gap: nutrition teaching in introduction to medicine and physical
      diagnosis courses.

PMID- 6592029
TI  - Achieving clinical integration.

PMID- 6592030
TI  - The value of nutrition support services as a teaching aid.

PMID- 6592031
TI  - Activation of acute-phase responses by intrapreoptic injections of endogenous
      pyrogen in guinea pigs.
AB  - The acute-phase reaction (APR) is the concatenation of events that develops in
      response to infectious or other acute inflammatory stimuli. It includes fever and
      changes in plasma trace metal and glycoprotein levels. Endogenous pyrogen (EP) is
      believed to be the mediator of the APR. It acts within the preoptic-anterior
      hypothalamus (PO) to initiate fever; prostaglandins E (PGE) may modulate this
      action. To determine whether the nonfebrile responses to EP also are mediated by
      the PO and through PGE, guinea pigs were injected bilaterally intra-PO (iPO) with
      homologous EP (1 microliter) or PGE2 (0.1 microgram), and their colonic
      temperatures (Tco) and plasma iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and N
      acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) levels were measured. For comparison, EP (2 ml) also
      was injected intraperitoneally (IP). Heat-denatured EP (delta EP) or pyrogen-free
      saline (PFS) was the corresponding control. Fevers were induced by IP EP (1.0 +/-
      0.1 degrees C [mean +/- SD]), iPO EP (1.1 +/- 0.2 degrees C), and iPO PGE2 (1.4
      +/- 0.2 degrees C); neither delta EP nor PFS was pyrogenic. Plasma Fe and Zn
      levels were decreased significantly after IP EP, but unchanged after iPO EP and
      PGE2. Plasma Cu and NANA levels were elevated significantly following both IP and
      iPO EP, but not after iPO PGE2. delta EP or PFS did not cause any changes, by
      either route. It appears, therefore, that EP-induced fever and rises in plasma Cu
      and NANA are mediated by the PO, while the decreases of plasma Fe and Zn are
      direct, peripheral effects. On the other hand, PGE2 appears to be involved only
      in the central febrile response. Indeed, guinea pigs, pretreated with
      indomethacin (5 mg/kg, IP), and injected iPO with EP or IP with S. enteritidis
      endotoxin (2 micrograms/kg), did not develop fever, but exhibited the rise in
      plasma Cu and NANA.

PMID- 6592032
TI  - DNA methylation in differentiating mouse teratocarcinoma and erythroleukemia
      cells.
AB  - We have measured the content of 5-methylcytosine (5MC) in the genomic DNA of
      differentiated and undifferentiated cultures of murine embryonal carcinoma (EC)
      and murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells. A large proportion of deoxycytosine
      residues were methylated in EC cells (4.6%) and this proportion dropped
      significantly (4.1%) following differentiation. The alpha-1 globin genes were
      heavily methylated at HpaII sites in EC cells and in differentiated derivatives
      of these EC cells. The MEL cells had only 3.3% of their genomic deoxycytidine
      methylated and no significant change occurred following differentiation. The
      alpha-1 globin genes of MEL cells were much less methylated than the same genes
      in EC cells and no change in this methylation pattern accompanied the induction
      of hemoglobin synthesis. In EC X MEL cell hybrids which express the alpha-1
      globin genes from both parents, the EC-derived genes had become demethylated.
      These results are consistent with the general model that DNA hypomethylation is
      correlated with expression of that DNA and that gene activation is accompanied by
      DNA demethylation. We have also measured the 5MC content of DNA isolated from
      nuclease-treated EC nuclei. Unexpectedly, the DNase I sensitive chromatin
      contained a large proportion of 5MC. This result, along with the work of others,
      suggests that nuclease sensitivity may often reflect the transcriptional activity
      of chromatin in somatic cells, but is not indicative of the active state in
      pluripotent EC cells.

PMID- 6592033
TI  - Multivariate analysis of factors associated with outcome of treatment for adults
      with acute myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Utilizing multivariate logistic regression statistical analysis, the authors
      evaluated prognostic features associated with achievement of complete remission
      (CR) and remission and survival duration in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).
      These clinical variables were analyzed in 77 consecutive adult patients who
      underwent 108 courses of remission induction therapy with daunomycin, cytosine
      arabinoside, and 6-thioguanine (DAT) chemotherapy for newly diagnosed and first
      relapse of AML. Eight patients had developed leukemia in the setting of other
      malignant or immunologic diseases (therapy-linked AML) and 69 patients had not
      (primary AML). Sixty-three percent of patients with primary AML achieved CR with
      median remission and survival durations of 11 and 24 months, respectively.
      Significant unfavorable predictive features for achievement of CR were
      splenomegaly, and elevated leukocyte count or serum alkaline phosphatase levels.
      Patients who had leukocyte counts of less than or equal to 10,000/mm3 at
      diagnosis or less than or equal to 40,000/mm3 at the start of therapy, and those
      who received greater than 120 mg/m2 of daunomycin had significantly longer
      remissions and survival than those who did not. Fifty-seven percent of patients
      in first relapse also achieved CR; however, relative to first remissions, second
      remission durations were significantly shorter (median, 4.6 months). Sixty-two
      percent of patients with therapy-linked AML achieved CR, but remission durations
      (median, 2.8 months) were significantly shorter than first remissions of primary
      AML patients. These data identify clinical features associated with increased
      risk of failure to achieve CR and potential for short remission duration and
      survival. Alternative forms of therapy should be considered for such high-risk
      patients.

PMID- 6592034
TI  - Response of chronic myelogenous leukemia patients to COAP-splenectomy. A
      Southwest Oncology Group study.
AB  - Eighty-seven patients from 18 institutions with a confirmed diagnosis of chronic
      myelogenous leukemia were registered on a Southwest Oncology Group protocol for
      multiagent induction and single-agent maintenance chemotherapy, with
      randomization to an immunotherapy arm. Elective surgical splenectomy was
      performed for 42 patients at the completion of 3 months of induction therapy.
      Final analysis of the study revealed statistically significant survival
      advantages were correlated with age, splenectomy, the absence of hepatic leukemic
      infiltrate at the time of splenectomy, and race.

PMID- 6592035
TI  - Significance of abnormalities involving chromosomal segment 11q22-25 in acute
      leukemia.
AB  - Six hundred and thirty unselected cases of acute leukemia, with complete data
      regarding age, karyotype (with breakpoints), and the diagnosis according to the
      FAB classification, were available in the literature and from our unpublished
      cases for comparing the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities involving the long
      arm of chromosome #11 among age groups in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL)
      and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). A statistically highly significant
      difference (p less than 0.001) was observed between the incidence of ANLL cases
      with chromosome aberrations involving 11q22-25 in childhood (less than or equal
      to 15 years) versus that in adults (greater than 15 yr). This statistical
      difference was not only related to infant cases (less than or equal to 12
      months), but also to cases of children over 1 year of age. The incidence of the
      11q22-25 abnormality in childhood cases (greater than 1 yr to less than or equal
      to 15 yr) was statistically significant (0.025 less than p less than 0.05) when
      compared to the incidence in adult cases. The incidence of the 11q22-25
      abnormality in infant cases was much higher when compared to that of older cases
      with either ANLL or ALL (p less than 0.001 in each leukemia). This trend was not
      observed in cases with the 11q11-21 abnormality and this may imply that the
      origin and meaning of the 11q11-21 abnormality may differ from that of the 11q22
      25 abnormality. Twenty-three infants with acute leukemia (AL) with the 11q22-25
      abnormality were available from previous reports and our unpublished case. The
      median ages of ANLL, ALL, and all AL cases were 16 weeks, 9 weeks, and 15 weeks,
      respectively. The tendency of the 11q22-25 abnormality to be common in infants
      with ANLL or ALL under 6 months of age may suggest that it has a close
      correlation with the origin(s) or mechanism(s) related to the occurrence of
      infant AL.

PMID- 6592037
TI  - Effect of the interval between exposures to cytarabine on its cytotoxic action on
      HL-60 myeloid leukemic cells.
AB  - As an in vitro model for the chemotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia with
      cytarabine (ARA-C), the cytotoxicity of this drug was investigated using a human
      promyelocytic cell line (HL-60) and different drug schedules. The continuous
      exposure to ARA-C was shown to be more cytotoxic than the intermittent exposures
      at identical concentrations or under conditions where the concentrations
      multiplied by time of exposure were the same. In a comparison of exposures, as
      the intervals between drug exposures were reduced, the cytotoxicity of ARA-C
      increased. Flow microfluorometric analysis of DNA content showed that a 3-hour
      exposure to ARA-C every 6 hours produced a greater accumulation of cells in S
      phase than the same exposure repeated every 12 hours. After a 3-hour exposure to
      20 micrograms/ml of ARA-C, the cells recovered 38% and 85% of their capacity to
      synthesize DNA within 4 and 8 hours, respectively. These findings can be
      explained in part by the short half-life of the intracellular nucleotide pool of
      ARA-CTP in these cells (about 60 minutes). These data indicate that when there is
      a prolongation of the interval between exposures to ARA-C, a greater fraction of
      cells recover from the inhibitory effects of this drug and escape its cytotoxic
      action. These observations may be important with respect to the design of more
      optimal schedules of high-dose ARA-C therapy for the treatment of patients with
      acute leukemia.

PMID- 6592036
TI  - Chromosome abnormalities in 16 Finnish patients with Burkitt's lymphoma or L3
      acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Eleven patients with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), i.e., small noncleaved non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 5 patients with Burkitt-type acute lymphocytic leukemia
      (ALL-L3) were selected for chromosome study. Two of the 16 patients had no B-cell
      markers, but the erythrocyte marker--glycophorin A--was present on the surface of
      the leukemic blasts. The critical breakpoint at 8q24 was detected in 14 of the 16
      patients, whereas this aberration was not detected in any of the 134 patients
      belonging to other subgroups of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or ALL that we studied
      during the same period. In addition to the t(8;14)(q24;q32), the following
      translocations with the breakpoint at 8q24 were seen: t(2;8)(p11;q24),
      t(8;11)(q24;q13) in BL, and t(2;8;14)(p11 or p12;q24;q32) in ALL. Additional
      aberrations seen more than once were trisomy #7 and abnormalities in chromosomes
      #1, #11, and #13.

PMID- 6592038
TI  - Acute electrocardiographic changes induced by amsacrine.
AB  - The ECG effect of amsacrine (m-AMSA) was evaluated in 12 consecutive patients
      with leukemia. m-AMSA induced a significant prolongation of the Q-T interval
      (msecs, mean +/- SE) before (448 +/- 13) and 1 hour after (512 +/- 12) treatment
      (P . 0.0001, paired t test), without concomitant changes in the P-R interval, QRS
      duration, and heart rate. This selective cardiotoxic effect appeared to be
      transient and was noted towards the end of the iv drug administration, but was
      not present 24 hours later. No cardiac arrhythmias were noted during continuous
      monitoring. Nevertheless, it is assumed that the prolongation of the Q-T interval
      may represent a state of increased vulnerability to rhythm disturbances. Special
      care should be taken to avoid factors that may prolong the Q-T interval
      (hypokalemia, ischemia, or premedication with phenothiazine) during the
      administration of m-AMSA.

PMID- 6592039
TI  - Effect of a professional tooth cleaning program on interdentally localized
      Streptococcus mutans.

PMID- 6592040
TI  - Comparison of the oral microbial flora of caries-free humans and conventional
      Sprague-Dawley rats.

PMID- 6592041
TI  - Effect of chlorhexidine and iodine on the composition of the human dental plaque
      flora.

PMID- 6592042
TI  - Soluble calcium-enhanced remineralization of artificial caries lesions with
      monofluorophosphate.

PMID- 6592043
TI  - Development of a new intraoral demineralization test.

PMID- 6592044
TI  - Preferential loss of acetic acid from plaque fermentation in the presence of
      enamel.

PMID- 6592045
TI  - Effect of copper applied topically or in drinking water on experimental caries in
      rats.

PMID- 6592046
TI  - Effects of chlorhexidine, iodine, and 5,7-dichloro-8-hydroxyquinoline on the
      bacterial composition of rat plaque in vivo.

PMID- 6592047
TI  - Fluoride in whole saliva and dental caries experience in areas with high or low
      concentrations of fluoride in the drinking water.

PMID- 6592048
TI  - Effect of prior toothcleaning on bi-annual professional acidulated phosphate
      fluoride topical fluoride gel-tray treatments. Results after three years.

PMID- 6592049
TI  - Effect of a 0.1% cetylpyridinium chloride mouthrinse on the accumulation and
      biochemical composition of dental plaque in young adults.

PMID- 6592050
TI  - Dental caries, sucrose intake and oral hygiene in 5-year-old South African Indian
      children.

PMID- 6592051
TI  - Lack of effect of sodium lauryl sulfate on fluoride uptake by artificial caries
      lesions in vivo.

PMID- 6592052
TI  - Increase of steroid-producing cells in interrenal tissue and masculinization of
      gonads after long-term treatment of juvenile rainbow trout with cyanoketone.
AB  - Cyanoketone administered via the food (0.1, 0.2 and 2 mg/g) for 8 weeks from the
      first feeding (day 46 after fertilization) or via the aquarium water (3 and 30
      mg/100 l) for 4 weeks from day 41 does not influence the activity of 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD) in the interstitial cells of the gonads
      or interrenal cells of juvenile trout in vivo. However, the number of 3 beta-HSD
      positive interrenal cells was strongly increased by administration of the highest
      dose of cyanoketone via both routes. These high doses furthermore affect the sex
      ratio in favor of males. It is concluded that interrenal tissue is responsible
      for the masculinizing effect of cyanoketone via increased production of androgens
      and/or corticosteroids. Cyanoketone at concentrations of 0.01 to 100
      micrograms/ml causes a dose-response inhibition of 3 beta-HSD activity in the
      interrenal cells, when the substance is administered to an incubation medium for
      demonstration of this enzyme in tissue sections. The controversial in-vivo and in
      vitro effects of cyanoketone on 3 beta-HSD activity are discussed.

PMID- 6592053
TI  - From the HEW to the GFA.

PMID- 6592054
TI  - Periodontal anesthesia for all dental procedures: a seven year clinical study.

PMID- 6592055
TI  - Decreased contractility of the ductus arteriosus in experimental pulmonic
      stenosis.
AB  - Delayed closure of the ductus arteriosus after birth has been observed in newborn
      infants with critical pulmonic stenosis and in newborn lambs with experimental
      pulmonic stenosis. This delayed ductal closure may be caused by a decreased
      ability of the muscle to contract when exposed to oxygen or to an increased
      production of or sensitivity to prostaglandin (PG) E2, the endogenous ductus
      arteriosus vasodilator. To determine whether the abnormal hemodynamic pattern
      during fetal life associated with pulmonic stenosis alters the responsiveness of
      the ductus arteriosus, we operated on 10 fetal lambs of gestational ages 70 to 77
      days (term is 148 days) and placed a band around the pulmonary artery.
      Catheterization at 137 to 142 days showed severe pulmonic stenosis. We then
      studied isolated rings of ductus arteriosus from these lambs. The oxygen-induced
      increase in tension in rings of ductus arteriosus from lambs with pulmonic
      stenosis was significantly decreased (2.55 +/- 0.38; n = 10) compared with rings
      from control lambs (4.03 +/- 0.51; n = 6, p less than .03). There was no
      difference between the two groups in either the amount of PGE2 released by the
      rings or in the sensitivity (expressed as median effective dose) of the rings to
      PGE2. There was also no difference in the increase in tension when endogenous
      PGE2 was inhibited by indomethacin. We conclude that delayed closure of the
      ductus arteriosus in lambs with experimental pulmonic stenosis is not caused by
      increased sensitivity to or production of PGE2 in the ductus arteriosus (as it is
      in premature lambs) but rather is the result of a diminished ability of the
      ductus arteriosus to contract when exposed to oxygen.

PMID- 6592056
TI  - Psychosocial correlates of congenital facial clefts: a conceptualization and
      model.
AB  - In recent years, there have been an increasing number of empirical investigations
      of the psychosocial correlates of congenital facial clefts. The inconsistencies
      between these studies, and their lack of a theoretical focus has made
      interpretation of findings difficult. The present paper presents a social
      developmental conceptualization of facial deformity. This conceptualization is
      applied to an integrative analysis and reinterpretation of existing psychosocial
      findings related to cleft lip and cleft palate defects and to the development of
      a model for future research.

PMID- 6592057
TI  - Variations in craniofacial morphology with severity of isolated cleft palate.
AB  - Cephalometric X-ray studies were carried out in 90 adult males with isolated
      cleft palate operated upon by the same method. The results were evaluated
      according to the extent of the clefts (complete, incomplete, or soft palate
      alone). But for a few exceptions the neurocranium and the cranial base showed no
      substantial deviations. Similarly, as in cleft lip and palate, a shortening of
      maxillary depth and a deficient mandibular growth were recorded, with no
      reduction of the vertical growth of the upper face, retroclination of the
      dentoalveolar maxillary component or increase of the interocular distance noted.
      No posterior displacement of the maxilla was found. The two observed deviations
      resulted in the retrusion of the upper and lower jaws, the flattening of the
      skeletal profile, impaired maxillomandibular relations and limitation of anterior
      growth rotation. Soft palate clefts were associated with less retrusion of the
      maxilla, while the growth deficiency of the mandible was even more marked. The
      least shortening of the mandible occurred in complete clefts. In general,
      incomplete clefts were associated with the most marked changes. The flattening of
      the skeletal profile in complete and incomplete clefts was masked by an increased
      thickness of the upper lip. Soft palate clefts were associated frequently with a
      shorter and hard palate. Our results were in agreement with experimental
      knowledge of the role played by the mandible in the development of isolated cleft
      palate.

PMID- 6592058
TI  - Craniofacial morphology in adults with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate.
AB  - Cephalometric x-ray studies were carried out on 26 adult males with complete
      bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLPc) and 50 non-clefts. The configuration of
      the neurocranium and cranial base showed no substantial differences. Facial
      differences were similar to those in unilateral clefts (UCLPc). Protrusion and
      retroinclination of the premaxilla affected the depth and height of the upper jaw
      and thus the total height and posterior growth rotation of the face. Thus the
      depth of the maxillary complex was unchanged, while the depth of the posterior
      maxilla was reduced, as in UCLPc. The increased length of the face, its posterior
      growth rotation, the dentoalveolar maxillary retroinclination and the
      displacement of the maxilla backwards were all more marked in bilateral clefts
      then in unilateral clefts. Changes of mandibular shape, an enlarged interocular
      distance, retrusion of the upper jaw and the configuration of the soft tissue
      profile, including the shorter upper lip were identical in both forms of clefts.
      However the mandible was more retrognathic and posteriorly rotated in bilateral
      clefts. The skeletal profile was not flattened, but the palatal plane was
      retroinclined and the depth of the nose was increased. BCLPc was associated with
      a widening of the nasal cavity and a thinner upper lip. The dimensions of the
      nasopharyngeal skeletal framework were reduced. The retrocheilia was conspicuous.
      Premaxillary setback resulted in a reduction of the depth of the upper jaw, of
      the height of the upper face and of the dentoalveolar retroinclination of the
      maxilla.

PMID- 6592060
TI  - Size of the cranium in parents and their children with cleft lip.
AB  - Fifty-two children with cleft lip with or without cleft palate), CL(P), fifty
      three non-cleft children, and their respective parents were studied. Area
      measurements for three craniofacial components of brain case, upper face and
      lower face were obtained from lateral and frontal roentgenographic cephalograms.
      The most important finding of this investigation was that the CL(P) patients and
      their parents had a significantly smaller brain case than did the control
      subjects. A small brain case may well be one morphological characteristic
      predisposing toward the cleft anomaly.

PMID- 6592059
TI  - Surgical and speech results following palatopharyngoplasty operations in Denmark
      1959-1977.
AB  - This study analysed surgical results from 600 palatopharyngoplasties (PPP),
      performed from 1959-77 by Dr. Poul Fogh-Andersen, Copenhagen, and the speech
      results in 140 of these cases. There were 205 cases of cleft lip and palate
      (CLP), 133 of cleft palate (CP), 104 of submucous cleft palate (SMCP), 138 of
      velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI), and 20 cases of velar paresis. At surgery 62%
      were younger than ten years, and 5% were older than 30 years. Speech results were
      evaluated from pre- and postoperative tape recordings. Normal nasal resonance was
      obtained in 74%, improvement to mild symptoms in 24%. Submucous cleft palate
      cases had the highest rate of normalization, VPI cases the lowest. The cases with
      severest hypernasality had the lowest normalization rate. Age and operative
      procedure were of minor importance in relation to speech results, but surgical
      complications were fewer in subjects younger than ten years. Postoperative speech
      therapy was given to 38%, predominantly to subjects with compensatory voice and
      articulation problems.

PMID- 6592061
TI  - Rare total and partial palatal clefts experimentally induced in the rat.
AB  - Clefts of the hard palate with soft palate integrity can be produced through
      amniocentesis in Sprague-Dawley rats. This study attempted to induce exotic
      partial clefts of the palate and to describe their type, frequency and possible
      genesis. Palatal closure, i.e., elevation and fusion of the anterior zone,
      remodelling of the middle zone, and fusion in the posterior zone, occurs in rats
      between 16.0 and 17.5 days of fetal age. Withdrawing a small amount of amniotic
      fluid produced a series of total and rare partial clefts. The upper jaws of 95 of
      410 fetuses of precisely determined age were examined in the scanning electron
      microscope. Total clefts occurred in 48.9% of viable fetuses examined at day 17.8
      and in 21.8% of those examined at day 19.3. Partial clefts were observed in 14.1
      and 18.5% of viable fetuses at days 17.8 and 19.3, respectively. Total clefts
      were most frequent in fetuses treated between day 15.21 and 15.40, while Partial
      clefts were distributed rather equally over the various age groups. Total clefts
      occurred in at least four different varieties, while partial clefting involved
      variable portions of the hard palate or both the hard and the soft palate, with
      six different forms being distinguished. The induction of partial clefts was
      dependent on the developmental point in time at which experimentation took place.

PMID- 6592062
TI  - Social ratings of children with cleft lip by school peers.
AB  - A group of 78 students from the second, third, and fourth grades rated color
      slides of 3 children with bilateral cleft lip, 3 children with unilateral cleft
      lip and 3 children with normal facial features on 15 independent semantic
      differential variables. Results indicated that children with cleft lip were
      viewed more negatively than the nonclefted children. The bilateral cleft lip
      group was rated more negatively than the unilateral cleft lip group on
      approximately half of the adjectival scales. The older judges rated the treatment
      groups higher than the younger judges on all except one of the variables.
      Implications for these findings are discussed.

PMID- 6592063
TI  - The behavior of the child with cleft lip and palate as perceived by parents and
      teachers.
AB  - Fifty-eight pairs of parents of cleft lip/palate children, and fifty-eight
      classroom teachers of the children rated the child's behavior along four
      dimensions: conduct, personality, inadequacy-immaturity, and socialized
      delinquency. Results indicated that mothers and fathers rated conduct problems,
      personality problems, and socialized delinquency problems to change as a function
      of the child's age. There were no significant differences between mothers' and
      fathers' ratings of behavior: however, teacher ratings differed significantly
      from the parents. Implications for these findings are discussed.

PMID- 6592064
TI  - Studying comprehension in infants with cleft lip and palate.

PMID- 6592065
TI  - Familial defect of polymorph neutrophil phagocytosis associated with absence of a
      surface glycoprotein antigen (OKMI).
AB  - Two siblings with delayed separation of the umbilical cord, recurrent skin
      ulceration and dental sepsis were shown to have defective neutrophil phagocytosis
      of opsonized yeast (S. cerevisiae) and respiratory burst to opsonized and
      unopsonized zymosan. Increased activity in the NBT reduction test, normal
      ingestion and killing of S. aureus, and normal spontaneous and directional
      motility were also demonstrated. These abnormalities of neutrophil phagocytosis
      were confined to the affected siblings; their healthy parents and brother showed
      normal neutrophil function. Both children had a polymorph neutrophil
      leucocytosis, and had normal humoral and cell-mediated immunity. SDS
      electrophoresis of neutrophil cell membrane preparations showed absence of a
      glycoprotein band of 175,000 daltons, which was present in the parents'
      neutrophils in reduced amounts. OKMI monoclonal antibody, which recognized the
      C3bi receptor (CR3) failed to bind to the affected siblings neutrophils. The
      findings in these children emphasize the importance of this receptor in
      phagocytosis, and possibly other neutrophil functions.

PMID- 6592066
TI  - Multicentric sclerosing osteosarcoma--a rare cause of cranial nerve palsy.
AB  - The clinical, radiological and pathological findings are presented of a Chinese
      girl with sclerosing osteosarcomatosis. The findings strongly support
      multicentricity in a subclass of multiple osteosarcoma in the young. The unusual
      features in clinical presentation are emphasized.

PMID- 6592067
TI  - [A study of neuromuscular disorders in type III glycogenosis (Cori-Forbes
      disease)].

PMID- 6592068
TI  - Radionuclide imaging of the liver in human fascioliasis.
AB  - The clinical, laboratory, and scintigraphic findings in four cases of human
      fascioliasis are described. Acute onset of fever, abdominal pain, and weight loss
      in a person who has ingested watercress constitutes the clinical syndrome often
      seen. Eosinophilia and alteration in liver function tests, particularly alkaline
      phosphatase are frequent. Tc-99m sulfur colloid images showed hepatomegaly in
      four patients, focal defects in two, splenomegaly in three, and increased splenic
      uptake in two. Gallium citrate (Ga 67) images show increased uptake in the focal
      lesions in two of two. Sonographic imaging showed focal lucent abnormality in one
      of three. Liver biopsy findings were nonspecific. The differential diagnosis from
      other invasive parasitic diseases is discussed. A possible role of hepatic
      imaging in the evaluation of fascioliasis is suggested.

PMID- 6592069
TI  - Steatocystoma multiplex suppurativum: treatment with isotretinoin.
AB  - A patient with steatocystoma multiplex with multiple ruptured draining cysts and
      abscesses was treated with a twenty-week course of isotretinoin. Abscesses
      involuted and inflamed cysts shrank. The remission persisted for ten weeks after
      discontinuing therapy; subsequently cysts and abscesses occurred in multiple
      sites.

PMID- 6592071
TI  - Bacterial contamination of pressurized inhalers.
AB  - The objective of this project was to determine the incidence, location, and
      potential transmission of bacteria from pressurized inhalers contaminated during
      normal use by pediatric patients. Patients' inhaler usage and cleaning patterns
      also were evaluated. Fifteen inhalers from 12 children were cultured at three
      separate sites: the mouthpiece, spray portal, and the spray itself. The patient
      and/or parent were interviewed to determine usage and cleaning patterns. No
      bacterial growth was found from any of the cultured sites or aerosol of the
      control inhalers. All of the mouthpieces and portals of the patient-used inhalers
      were positive for growth, which is significant (p less than 0.01). One patient
      used inhaler was positive for bacterial growth from the aerosol, which is not
      significant (p greater than 0.05). These results demonstrate that despite inhaler
      contamination, bacteria are not significantly transmitted by the aerosol. Routine
      cleaning of inhalers to remove accumulated debris is recommended to prevent
      disruption of drug delivery.

PMID- 6592072
TI  - Mercury in dental amalgams: is there a risk of "mercury poisoning"?

PMID- 6592070
TI  - [Genetic transformation of mutant mouse cells by metaphase mink chromosomes].

PMID- 6592073
TI  - [The HLA system and porphyria cutanea tarda].
AB  - Familiar occurrence of porphyria cutanea tarda (P. C. T.) has led to search for
      genetic markers of this disease. One of the three contradictory studies in
      literature showed significant increased frequencies of HLA-A3 and -B7 in the P.
      C. T. These results are important for the hypothesis that a disorder of iron
      metabolism linked to the HLA system (HLA-A3) supports a manifestations of the
      disease. Our investigations don't support generally this hypothesis. In 90 P. C.
      T.-patients significantly higher frequencies of any HLA-A, -B and -C-locus were
      not to be found. But we found a statistic guaranteed higher frequency of HLA-A9
      in the subgroup (n = 34) of alcoholic induced P. C. T. An association between HLA
      A9 and liver diseases is reported somewhere else. The higher percentage of HLA-A3
      incidence in this group was not significant. Significant higher frequency of HLA
      A9 possibly refers to liver diseases by P. C. T. HLA-A3--association is
      imagineable with iron-over loaded disorder in this group.

PMID- 6592074
TI  - [Anterior tooth loss in juvenile dentition: therapeutic possibilities via
      implants].

PMID- 6592075
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of maxillofacial injuries in children].

PMID- 6592076
TI  - [Anterior tooth loss in juvenile dentition. Therapeutic possibilities from the
      viewpoint of the prosthodontist].

PMID- 6592077
TI  - [Mastication movements].

PMID- 6592078
TI  - [Sociostructural influences on the dental health of 13- to 14-year-old
      schoolchildren].

PMID- 6592079
TI  - [Loss of canine tooth guidance and the reaction of the temporomandibular
      structures].

PMID- 6592080
TI  - [Plaque accumulation due to masticatory functional disorder--an experimental
      animal study on adult Cercopithecus aethiops monkeys].

PMID- 6592081
TI  - [Therapy and the course of healing in odontogenic sinusitis. A case report].

PMID- 6592082
TI  - [Growth of the visceral cranium in relation to the menarche--a
      teleroentgenological study].

PMID- 6592084
TI  - [Need for the continuous ingestion of fluoride tablets].

PMID- 6592083
TI  - [Vital microscopic examination of the pulp reaction to Proviso-blend in an acute
      biological test].

PMID- 6592085
TI  - [Cariogenic properties of different infant teas. I. In vitro microbiological
      tests with a special pH electrode].

PMID- 6592086
TI  - [Cariogenic properties of different infant teas. II. Animal tests].

PMID- 6592087
TI  - [Effect of professional plaque removal on the recolonization of tooth surfaces by
      glucan-forming streptococci].

PMID- 6592088
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic studies of rubber-polished amalgam fillings].

PMID- 6592089
TI  - [Experimental studies of the anticariogenic action of glass ionomer cement].

PMID- 6592090
TI  - [Experimental studies of the dependence of the load capacity of metal-ceramic
      composite hollow cylinders on thermal stress distribution].

PMID- 6592091
TI  - [Lateral differences in protopathic and epicritic sensitivity].

PMID- 6592092
TI  - Reevaluation of the effects of cytochalasins on steroidogenesis: studies on
      hamster granulosa cells.
AB  - Cytochalasin B (CB), a drug that inhibits microfilament polymerization, as well
      as having other actions, such as inhibition of hexose transport, is reported to
      block tropic hormone-stimulated steroidogenesis. Cytochalasin D (CD) is a more
      effective inhibitor of microfilament polymerization than CB, but has no effect on
      hexose transport. We reevaluated the effects of these inhibitors of microfilament
      function on steroid formation by freshly isolated granulosa cells from PMSG
      primed hamsters. These cells have been shown to produce increased progesterone in
      response to tropic stimuli using endogenous steroidogenic precursors during short
      term incubation. In addition, they use exogenous substrate in the form of
      hydroxysterols for steroid production. Thus, we could examine effects of CB and
      CD on the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous sterol substrates. To determine
      the specificity of actions of cytochalasins, the metabolism of other steroid
      intermediates was examined: the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone and
      the conversion of androstenedione to estradiol. Also, the oxidation of
      [14C]octanoate to 14CO2, a process that occurs in the mitochondria, was examined.
      Both CB and CD (1-10 micrograms/ml) inhibited LH- and 8-bromo-cAMP-stimulated
      progesterone production. Neither cytochalasin inhibited the production of
      progesterone in response to pregnenolone, nor were endogenous pregnenolone levels
      increased in the presence of CB or CD. Treatment with CB, but not CD, resulted in
      decreased progesterone production in response to hydroxycholesterol and decreased
      the side-chain cleavage of [3H]25-hydroxycholesterol. CB completely blocked the
      conversion of androstenedione to estradiol, whereas the aromatase reaction was
      unaffected by CD. CB, but not CD, significantly reduced the oxidation of
      [14C]octanoate to 14CO2 by hamster granulosa cells. Our findings demonstrate
      significant differences in the effects of CB and CD on granulosa cells. CB, in
      contrast to CD, has wide-spread effects on granulosa cell function, interfering
      with the metabolism of hydroxycholesterols, the oxidation of fatty acids, and
      aromatization. The failure of CD to interfere with these same functions suggests
      a more specific action of CD on the steroidogenic machinery. We conclude that
      microfilaments play an important role in the process of steroid formation from
      endogenous substrate. CD appears to affect a post-cAMP step between the
      conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone, presumably the delivery of endogenous
      cholesterol to the mitochondria.

PMID- 6592093
TI  - Concentrations of 15-keto-13, 14-dihydro-prostaglandin F2 alpha in the mare
      during spontaneous and oxytocin induced foaling.
AB  - Changes in plasma 15-keto-13, 14-dihydro-prostaglandin F2 alpha were monitored at
      frequent intervals before, during and after spontaneous deliveries (three mares)
      and foalings induced by oxytocin (eight mares). No evidence of increased
      concentrations of the prostaglandin metabolite was observed in the final 10 days
      of gestation. In spontaneously delivering mares, there was a marked increase from
      3 ng/ml at -125 mins to 18 ng/ml at -65 mins to the highest observed value of 182
      ng/ml at 20 mins pre-partum. Following delivery, concentrations declined rapidly
      to around 0.2 ng/ml. Further release of prostaglandins was seen on Days 1 and 3
      post partum. In oxytocin induced mares, maximal concentrations of about 100 ng/ml
      were observed to occur very close to the time of delivery. Large increases were
      observed as early as 2 mins following oxytocin injection. The significance of
      these findings is discussed in relation to parturient and post parturient events
      and changes in levels of the hormone relaxin during the same period.

PMID- 6592094
TI  - Intracranial haemorrhage in pre-viable, premature and full term foals.
AB  - A neuropathological examination was carried out on the brains of 58 foals. Forty
      two were pony foals induced at various periods of gestation from 200 days
      onwards. Two were pre-viable pony foals delivered by caesarean section and 14
      were Thoroughbred foals (one set of twins, two stillborn, five premature, two
      dysmature, two convulsive and one induced). The only significant pathological
      change involved intracranial haemorrhage. Subarachnoid haemorrhage occurred in
      all of 10 pony foals induced before 301 days of gestation and in two pony foals
      born by caesarean section at 270 and 280 days gestation. Subarachnoid haemorrhage
      was also present in some pony and Thoroughbred foals born after 301 days
      gestation; the incidence usually appeared greater in those pony foals which
      survived for the shortest periods. Haemorrhage also occurred elsewhere in the
      brains, including the cerebral white matter, the molecular layer of the
      cerebellum and the medulla, but the intensity could not be related to either
      length of gestation or duration of survival. No other neuropathological changes
      were found that could account for the functional state of the animals, whether
      they were pre-viable, premature, dysmature or convulsive.

PMID- 6592096
TI  - Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate enhances lateral redistribution of membrane
      glycoproteins in human blood lymphocytes.
AB  - Nanomolar concentrations of 4 beta-phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate markedly enhanced the
      redistribution of concanavalin A receptors, the common leukocyte antigen and the
      Lyt-3 antigen in human blood lymphocytes, as measured by cap formation. The
      effect on the lateral mobility of these cell surface molecules was dose dependent
      and occurred within a few minutes of treatment. 12-O-Tetradecanoyl phorbol 13
      acetate, another tumor promoter, was similarly active. 4 alpha-Phorbol 12,13
      didecanoate, which does not have tumor-promoting activity, did not enhance cap
      formation. The effect of various drugs and treatments indicated that the phorbol
      ester-enhanced cap formation was energy and temperature dependent and required
      functional microfilaments. Retinoic acid, an antitumor-promoting agent, was
      inhibitory and trifluoperazine, an inhibitor of calmodulin-dependent processes,
      had a minor inhibitory effect. Protein secretion and synthesis, extracellular
      Ca2+/Mg2+ and functional microtubules did not seem to be involved. The enhanced
      capping was inhibited by the alkylating agents tosyl phenylalanyl chloromethyl
      ketone and tosyl lysyl chloromethyl ketone but not by other protease inhibitors.
      The effect of various amino acid derivatives suggested the participation of an
      esterase. A comparative study of dose response, kinetics and sensitivity to drugs
      indicated a direct correlation between the phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate-enhanced
      redistribution of membrane glycoconjugates and the phorbol ester-induced binding
      (adhesion) between human blood lymphocytes, a phenomenon previously described.

PMID- 6592095
TI  - Actin-like sequences are present on human X and Y chromosomes.
AB  - The human genome contains greater than 20 actin-related sequences, six of which
      at least are expressed as protein. We have shown by blot hybridization the
      presence of actin-like sequences on both the X and the Y chromosomes. These
      sequences can be detected in HindIII digests of genomic DNA, using as probe cDNA
      clones corresponding to human alpha skeletal actin or to a hamster (beta or
      gamma) cytoskeletal actin; they show more homology to the latter probe. The actin
      probes also detect a polymorphic DNA fragment showing autosomal inheritance with
      a frequency for the major allele of 0.55 in the population studied. The X-linked
      actin sequence has been assigned to a centromeric region between Xp11 and Xq11 by
      hybridization to DNAs from a panel of human-mouse hybrid cell lines, and thus
      lies outside the postulated region of homology between the X and Y chromosomes.
      The Y-linked actin sequence can serve as a marker to analyse anomalies of sex
      determination or of gametogenesis in man. It was found in all XY males studied
      but was absent from the genomic DNA of four unrelated 'XX male' subjects and two
      XX hermaphrodites. This shows that the region of chromosome Y which contains the
      actin sequence is not translocated onto the X chromosome (or onto autosomes) in
      these patients.

PMID- 6592097
TI  - Synergism between platelet-activating factor (PAF-acether) and prostaglandin E2
      in man.
AB  - In animal experiments the oedema in the acute inflammatory response is dependent
      on both increased blood flow and increased vasopermeability (the two component
      hypothesis). We have confirmed the validity of this hypothesis in man by
      demonstrating synergistic interaction between PAF-acether (a permeability agent)
      and prostaglandin E2 (a vasodilator). The mixture of PAF-acether and PGE2 (50 ng;
      0.5 micrograms) produced a larger cutaneous wheal volume response than could be
      accounted for either by summation of the responses to the individual mediators or
      by the slopes of their dose response curves.

PMID- 6592098
TI  - Leukotriene-induced contraction and thromboxane production in guinea-pig lung
      parenchymal strips.
AB  - Addition of leukotrienes (LTs)C4 and D4 to guinea-pig isolated lung parenchymal
      strips stimulated the production of thromboxane A2(TxA2) and prostacyclin (PGI2)
      as determined by radioimmunoassay of their respective degradation products,
      thromboxane B2(TxB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto PGF1 alpha) in the
      bathing medium. However, contraction of the lung strips in response to LTD4
      preceded the increases in the levels of these products in the organ bath.
      Pretreatment of the lung strips with aspirin, indomethacin or BW 755C abolished
      the formation of TxA2 and PGI2 but had no significant effect (10-25% inhibition)
      on LT-induced contraction. By contrast, a similar concentration of indomethacin
      significantly inhibited LTD4-induced contractions when the agonist was
      administered as a bolus to superfused lung strips. It is concluded that the
      production of metabolites of arachidonic acid in response to the leukotrienes is
      not a major mechanism mediating their contractile action in peripheral lung
      tissues at equilibrium, but its contribution to the contractile response may vary
      with experimental technique.

PMID- 6592099
TI  - Evaluation of the involvement of the adrenals in the pheromonal influences on the
      oestrous cycle of laboratory mice.
AB  - Unisexual grouping of female mice induced irregularities in their oestrous
      cycles. However, no significant difference in body weight and in the weights of
      adrenals, uteri and ovaries and in the adrenal delta 5 3 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase (HSD) activity was found between unisexually grouped females and
      individually housed females. Adrenalectomy of females failed to prevent the
      oestrous cycle irregularities induced by unisexual grouping. Furthermore,
      adrenalectomized females in unisexual groups responded to exposure to males by
      exhibiting oestrus acceleration and synchronization (the Whitten effect). The
      results rule out the involvement of the adrenals in the oestrous cycle
      irregularities induced by unisexual grouping and in the induction of the Whitten
      effect in unisexually grouped females.

PMID- 6592100
TI  - Effects of succinylacetone on dimethylsulfoxide-mediated induction of heme
      pathway enzymes in mouse friend virus-transformed erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - Heme has been reported to exert a control over its own biosynthesis and to affect
      the erythroid differentiation process at different sites. In this study,
      succinylacetone, a powerful inhibitor of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase was
      used to block heme synthesis and to study the effects of heme depletion on the
      dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-mediated induction of the heme pathway enzymes in Friend
      virus-transformed erythroleukemia cells. The presence of succinylacetone in the
      medium during the DMSO treatment (1) potentiates the induction of delta
      aminolevulinic acid synthetase (the first enzyme of the pathway) and this effect
      is reversed by the addition of exogenous hemin; (2) does not affect the induction
      of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase (the second enzyme); (3) prevents the
      induction of porphobilinogen deaminase (the third enzyme), since no increase
      could be detected in either the enzyme activity or the immunoreactive protein and
      this effect could not be reversed by the addition of exogenous hemin; (4) does
      not affect the induction of ferrochelatase. The possible role of heme or of
      intermediate metabolites of the pathway on the induction of these enzymes during
      the erythroid differentiation process is discussed.

PMID- 6592101
TI  - Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of human promyelocytic leukemia cell (HL
      60) proteins by tumor promoter.
AB  - Human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60) has been shown to be induced to
      the terminal differentiation into macrophage-like cells by a tumor promoter, 12-O
      tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA). The present studies describe the effects
      of TPA on the phosphorylation of HL-60 cell proteins. A rapid decrease in the
      phosphorylation of a 75 kD protein was observed within a few minutes after
      treatment with TPA. On the other hand, TPA treatment of HL-60 cells caused rapid
      increase in the phosphorylation of a 67 kD protein and other minor proteins.
      Phorbol and 4 alpha-phorbol-12,13-dodecanoate, both of which are biologically
      inactive derivatives of TPA, failed to cause any changes in protein
      phosphorylation in HL-60 cells. These results suggest that changes in protein
      phosphorylation are involved in mechanisms of the differentiation in HL-60 cells
      induced by TPA. Cell fractionation experiments revealed that 67K protein was
      located in cytosol. Though 75K protein also seemed to be located in cytosol, the
      phosphate moiety of 75K protein was almost lost during cell fractionation,
      suggesting that the phosphorylation of 75K protein was specifically regulated in
      HL-60 cells. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), retinoic acid (RA) and 1,25-dihydroxy
      vitamin D3, all of which induce the differentiation in HL-60 cells, did not cause
      any changes in protein phosphorylation. These results suggest that the changes in
      protein phosphorylation are specific for TPA. The possible mechanisms of changes
      in protein phosphorylation by TPA were discussed.

PMID- 6592102
TI  - Inhibition of denuded mouse oocyte meiotic maturation by tumor-promoting phorbol
      esters and its reversal by retinoids.
AB  - Two tumor-promoting phorbol esters, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) and phorbol
      12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), when added to the culture medium of denuded mouse
      oocytes prevent their spontaneous meiotic maturation, whereas phorbol 13-acetate,
      which is inactive as a tumor promoter, does not inhibit this process. Retinoids
      appear to antagonize this inhibitory action of tumor promoters. However, the
      inhibitory effect of forskolin on meiotic maturation is not prevented, but is
      potentiated by retinal. These data indirectly suggest a role for calcium and/or
      phospholipids in the regulation of meiotic maturation. They also suggest that
      forskolin and phorbol esters mediate their effects through different pathways.

PMID- 6592103
TI  - [The straight-wire orthodontic method].

PMID- 6592104
TI  - [Measuring serum fluoride levels using the Radelkis OP-262 type fluoride-ion
      concentration measuring device].

PMID- 6592105
TI  - [Primary multilocular mandibular cyst and its malignant degeneration].

PMID- 6592106
TI  - Intravenous sedation. Application and technique.

PMID- 6592107
TI  - Efficiency of three nitrous oxide relative analgesia scavenging systems.

PMID- 6592108
TI  - Intraligamentary anaesthesia--fact or fiction?

PMID- 6592109
TI  - [Prof. Gerber's grinding technic for complete dentures].

PMID- 6592110
TI  - [Preparation of a gingival mask].

PMID- 6592111
TI  - [A customized exhaust hood. Considerations on effective protection].

PMID- 6592112
TI  - [Preparation and clinical insertion of an open protrusion spring].

PMID- 6592113
TI  - Why patients change dentists.

PMID- 6592114
TI  - A financial policy that cuts down collection problems.

PMID- 6592115
TI  - Leasing offers cash flow and tax advantages.

PMID- 6592116
TI  - Management systems to keep your practice running smoothly.

PMID- 6592117
TI  - Drugs in dentistry. Topical anesthetics.

PMID- 6592118
TI  - A 'new' DR4 associated D specificity 'JA' in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes:
      A9, Bw16, DJA, DR4 haplotype.
AB  - The HLA antigen combination A9, Bw16 has been found to be associated with Type 1
      (insulin-dependent) diabetes characterized by some special features in Northern
      Finland. This antigen combination has now been associated with a 'new' DR4
      associated D antigen, provisionally called 'JA' or 'SN'. This 'new' D specificity
      was also associated with HLA-B18. Although the combination, Dw3/DJA, was common
      in Type 1 diabetic patients, the frequency of the combination Dw4/DJA was
      decreased compared with the expected value. This supports the hypothesis of two
      different risk factors associated with DR3 and DR4.

PMID- 6592119
TI  - Segregation of HLA-DR2 among affected and non-affected offspring of 66 families
      with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes.
AB  - Segregation of HLA-DR2 among affected and unaffected offspring was studied in 66
      HLA-genotypes families with Type 1 diabetes in whom at least one parent carried
      DR2. The frequency of DR2-positive parents (21%) was not different from that of
      control families (29%). Among the diabetic probands, the gene frequency of DR2
      was significantly decreased compared with control subjects (0.05 versus 0.17, p
      less than 0.001) as were DR5 (0.07 versus 0.17, p less than 0.01) and DR7 (0.06
      versus 0.13, p less than 0.003). Twenty probands carried DR2, in 11 or whom (55%)
      it was found in combination with either DR3 or DR4. The nine cases who carried
      another DR allele included one who was DR2 homozygous. Transmission of DR2 was
      reduced in affected offspring, and random in unaffected siblings, compared with
      the expected ratio. However, when the DR2 transmission was analysed separately
      for parents bearing DR2 with DR3, DR4 or another DR allele, it appeared that DR2
      transmission to affected offspring was random when the parents carried neither
      DR3 or DR4, the transmission deficit being due to over-transmission of DR3 and
      DR4. The haplotype analysis showed that the haplotype A3, Cw7, B7, GfS, DR2,
      found in 19% of "non-diabetic" DR2 haplotypes was practically absent among
      "diabetic" DR2-haplotypes (4%). In conclusion, population and segregation
      analysis could not demonstrate a specific protective effect of DR2.

PMID- 6592120
TI  - Electrical burns--a disfiguring handicap for young children.

PMID- 6592122
TI  - Update on birth defects with isotretinoin.

PMID- 6592121
TI  - Career options for dental hygienists in alternative practice settings.

PMID- 6592123
TI  - Tracheoesophageal fistula: a serious complication of infectious esophagitis.
AB  - Infections of the esophagus are common in individuals with altered immune status.
      A review of the literature reveals that, in such patients, fungal organisms,
      particularly Candida and Aspergillus, can invade deeply into esophageal muscle.
      We report the development of a tracheoesophageal fistula following polymicrobial
      infectious esophagitis. This case, of a young woman with leukemia, emphasizes the
      need for early recognition and aggressive treatment of esophageal infections.

PMID- 6592124
TI  - The value of bone marrow biopsy in chronic myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - Seventy-six patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) could be subdivided by
      core biopsy into chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL, n = 24) and chronic
      megakaryocytic granulocytic myelosis (CMGM, n = 52). By pure clinical definition
      59 patients were grouped as classical CML and 17 showed a course which we termed
      atypical myelosis. The most reliable criteria for distinguishing between the
      classical and atypical forms were ALP-Index, peripheral leukocyte and platelet
      count and the estimated number of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. The
      classical myeloses consisted of 40 per cent CGL and 60 per cent CMGM whereas the
      atypical consisted of CMGM only including all stages of fibrosis. Fibrosis was at
      the time of bone marrow biopsy found in 20 per cent of classical CML and in about
      50 per cent of atypical myeloses. In classical CML Philadelphia chromosome could
      be detected in all the patients with CGL and in 50 per cent of those with
      myelofibrosis. Atypical myeloses did not exhibit Philadelphia chromosome. In 70
      per cent of the cases it was possible to distinguish between CGL and CMGM by
      peripheral blood findings and bone marrow cytology.

PMID- 6592125
TI  - Cytogenetic factors in prognosis of the acute leukaemias.

PMID- 6592126
TI  - The association of Tn and leukemia.
AB  - Tn polyagglutination or persistent mixed field polyagglutination is a rare
      acquired erythrocytic state which has been associated with haematologic
      abnormalities including four reported cases of acute leukaemia. Recent
      information has proven that the abnormality is clonal and the haematologic
      findings suggest a mutation of a somatic stem cell. The red cell membrane defect
      results from a deficiency of B-3-D galactosyltransferase. Tn polyagglutination
      has been described in patients presenting with acute leukaemia and has preceded
      acute leukaemia. The Tn syndrome has similarities to other forms of preleukaemic
      syndromes including paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Patients with Tn should
      be carefully monitored, although there is little justification for any specific
      therapy at the present time.

PMID- 6592127
TI  - [Differential effectiveness of rigid and elastic-movable appliances in daily
      practice].

PMID- 6592128
TI  - [Patient age as a limit in the use of functional orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6592129
TI  - [Treatment goal in closed bite].

PMID- 6592130
TI  - [Importance of the vestibulolingual cuspal distances for transverse occlusal
      relationships].

PMID- 6592131
TI  - [Profile and skeletal analyses--a comparison of different assessment procedures].

PMID- 6592132
TI  - [Profile improvement by combined orthodontic and surgical measures].

PMID- 6592133
TI  - [Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome].
AB  - The author describes the Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. He also reports on a
      patient in whom the complete pattern of signs of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome
      became manifest only in adulthood (after he was past 35 years of age). This
      complete pattern of signs included multiple facial and vocal tics with
      generalised motor tics and coprolalia, voluntary control over these signs for a
      few minutes and chronic progress with varying intensity of the overall pattern.
      Previous reports on late manifestations of the syndrome had not been recognised
      and accepted as typical, so that the onset in childhood between 2 and 15 years of
      age is considered a diagnostic criterion of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.
      However, in view of the case presented here, the author suggests that, although
      onset of this syndrome in adulthood is certainly rare, it cannot be excluded as
      impossible.

PMID- 6592134
TI  - [The dentist as an investor].

PMID- 6592135
TI  - Prolymphocytic leukemia: histologic findings in atypical cases.
AB  - Significant enlargement of peripheral lymph nodes is not characteristic of
      prolymphocytic leukemia. The absence of this physical feature of the disease has
      been so consistent in previous reports that it has come to have considerable
      importance in the differential diagnosis of prolymphocytic leukemia. We describe
      two cases of prolymphocytic leukemia, in which, in sharp contrast to other
      published cases, striking lymphadenopathy was present throughout the clinical
      course. In one case, the disease responded dramatically, but briefly, to L
      asparaginase. The immunologic characteristics of cells from lymph nodes suggested
      that in both cases, the leukemic process was B-cell type. The features of the
      prolymphocytic proliferation in lymph nodes and the utility of Wright-Giemsa
      stained touch preparations have been emphasized.

PMID- 6592136
TI  - Unexpected occurrence of the Ca 19-9 tumor marker in normal human seminal plasma.
AB  - A monoclonal antibody with anti-sialyl-lacto-N-fucopentaose II specificity,
      originally thought to be a specific tumor marker in pancreas- and
      gastrointestinal tumors, reacts strongly with fucose-rich glycoproteins from
      human seminal plasma obtained by phenol/saline extraction. They are presumed to
      come from the prostatic gland secretion. Because of the specificity of this
      monoclonal antibody it can be deduced that the sialyl-Lea-sequence: N-acetyl
      alpha-neuraminyl-(2----3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1--- -3)-[alpha-L
      fucopyranosyl-(1----4)]-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-gluco pyranosyl-(1----3)-D
      galactopyranosyl is present on these glycoproteins. This is also supported by our
      carbohydrate analysis.

PMID- 6592137
TI  - Blood usage review: a common source of noncompliance.

PMID- 6592138
TI  - HLA antigens in patients with and without a family history of schizophrenia.
AB  - Frequencies of HLA antigens (A, B, C and DR) were studied in patients with (n =
      49) and without (n = 67) a family history of schizophrenia and in controls. Among
      the patients with a family history of schizophrenia significant increases were
      found in the A3 and B5 antigens while significant decreases were observed for the
      A1, A11 and B8 antigens. In a material of schizophrenic siblings the sharing of
      HLA haplotypes was consistent with normal segregation.

PMID- 6592139
TI  - Haptoglobin groups and leukemia.
AB  - Haptoglobin groups were studied in 100 leukemia patients and controls. Previously
      reported associations with Hp1-1 and the Hp1 gene by other investigators were not
      confirmed. In agreement with a previous observation a significant increase of
      ahaptoglobinemia (Hp0) was found among the leukemia patients.

PMID- 6592140
TI  - Production of continuous mouse plasma cell lines by transfection with human
      leukemia DNA.
AB  - Spleen cells from mice immunized with human cells were transfected with DNA from
      the human leukemia cell line, Reh. A calcium phosphate-DNA coprecipitate was
      introduced into the stimulated spleen cells by treatment with a polyethylene
      glycol-DMSO mixture. The cells which grew out from the transfected population
      could be passaged continuously in culture and cloned in semisolid agarose. The
      cell lines contain 40 acrocentric chromosomes, and Southern blot analysis with
      the cloned human Alu sequence indicates that human DNA is present. The
      transfected cell lines exhibit markers expressed on plasmacytoma cells and
      produce immunoglobulin in amounts equivalent to those produced by plasmacytoma
      cell lines. Five of nine cell lines tested produce antibodies that react with the
      human cells used to immunize the mice. These cell lines have been in culture for
      more than a year, and one of the lines has maintained a diploid karyotype and
      production of the specific antibody even after being passaged through a BALB/c
      mouse. Preliminary experiments indicate that these cells may be a useful model
      system for analysis of the early proliferative phase of leukocyte transformation.

PMID- 6592141
TI  - The oncology approach to oral malignant disease, relating to surgery, radiation
      and chemotherapy: a perspective.

PMID- 6592142
TI  - Inhibition of neuraminidases produced by plaque bacteria.

PMID- 6592143
TI  - Effect of bilateral hysterectomy and PGF2 alpha substitution on serum cholesterol
      fractions in albino rats.

PMID- 6592144
TI  - Effects of blocking ovulation with pentobarbitone on histochemical features of
      Graafian follicles in rats.

PMID- 6592145
TI  - HLA-DR associated genetic control of pulmonary tuberculosis in north India.

PMID- 6592146
TI  - Inhibition of rheumatoid factor production by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
      drugs.
AB  - The effects of NSAIDs on IgM rheumatoid factor production in vitro and on serum
      rheumatoid factor concentration in vivo were investigated using indomethacin (5.0
      micrograms/ml), carprofen (10 micrograms/ml). IgM rheumatoid factor was isolated
      from lymphocytes of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. NSAIDs
      inhibited IgM rheumatoid factor production in vitro. Furthermore, serum IgM
      rheumatoid factor was reduced when NSAIDs were administered in vivo. It is
      thought that NSAIDs effectively remove suppressor T-cells from the tonic
      inhibitory action of PGE2. This previously unrecognized action of NSAIDs may be a
      factor in their efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 6592147
TI  - Effects of comprehensive preventive programmes on oral health in children and
      juveniles in congested industrial areas.
AB  - For the attainment of oral health for all by the year 2000 WHO and FDI have
      together established specific goals. Global indicators formulated for various age
      groups can be achieved by nationally devised and regionally realized programmes.
      Prospects for the attainment of these goals are higher in those countries in
      which dental health has been integrated into a system of medical health care.
      Legal requirements, where they exist, are helpful in putting preventive
      programmes into operation. On this basis wide-reaching preventive programmes for
      3-18-year-olds have been introduced in the past 20 years in various
      industrialized countries. Frequently, well developed systems of treatment provide
      the foundation for these preventive services. Fluoride intake from water, salt or
      tablets is combined with controlled oral hygiene, topical applications or oral
      rinses with fluoride-containing solutions and uncontrolled use of fluoridated
      toothpastes. Special attention is directed to oral health education and sugar
      restriction in the snacks taken between meals. The effectiveness and efficacy of
      the different preventive measures are analysed by resorting to the experience
      gained in the German Democratic Republic and to reports of results obtained with
      preventive programmes in other countries. From this survey the global indicators
      of oral health for the 5-6, 12 and 18-year-olds must be considered realistic for
      they can be met by a systematic approach on a population-wide basis.

PMID- 6592148
TI  - Prevention of oral diseases in developing countries.
AB  - Low caries prevalence, high rates of periodontal disease and widespread oral
      mucosal disease constitute the major oral health problems in the developing
      countries. Dental caries is mainly occlusal in distribution and is on the
      increase. Periodontal disease in the major cause of tooth loss in adults. Its
      rate of progression is more rapid in developing countries. In the Asian
      countries, specifically, oral cancer is the most common of all cancers. These
      problems should be viewed against a background in which there is a shortage of
      dental manpower; a considerable amount of unmet dental need; escalating costs of
      curative dental services; and the low priority oral health occupies, due to the
      prevalence of a multitude of other health problems. A strategy in keeping with
      the primary health care approach would be an integrated oral health care delivery
      system with prevention and health education as priorities. Based on the
      philosophy of self-reliance such programmes would have to be field-based and
      implemented with maximum community participation. Sri Lanka has developed an oral
      health programme founded on these principles. School-based health education and
      preventive programmes are implemented by the dental personnel with the active
      cooperation of the teachers and parents. The teachers, after basic training in
      dental health, organize and conduct dental health educational programmes in
      schools. Fluoride mouth rinses are used for specially selected children. Senior
      students are given leadership roles in the programmes. They supervise and guide
      oral health promotional activities in the schools. The public health staff under
      the leadership of the Medical Officer of Health are actively involved. Village
      health volunteers, family health workers, traditional medical practitioners and
      religious leaders all play active roles in the health educational programmes.

PMID- 6592149
TI  - Acceptance of preventive measures by individuals, institutions and communities.
AB  - The acceptance by individuals, institutions and communities of preventive
      measures for controlling the two most prevalent dental diseases, dental caries
      and periodontal disease, is limited. A wide gap exists between available
      preventive methods and their appropriate application. Adoption of preventive
      dental self-care (tooth brushing, flossing diet modification) is organized around
      five categories of determinants influencing oral health behaviours: psychological
      factors; face-to-face interactions between people; broad societal influences;
      information and the immediate surroundings; and reinforcement schemes. While each
      of these five categories of determinants influences adoption of the desired
      behaviours, altering any single factor does not usually result in sustained
      behaviour change. Institutions (e.g. schools and workplaces) and communities are
      sites where the determinants of individual behaviours can be altered and
      preventive services can be delivered. Very little research has been conducted to
      improve our understanding of the variables which explain why dental health
      prevention programmes are accepted or rejected by institutions or communities.
      When programmes are adopted, little is known about the accuracy of their
      administration or about barriers to, and problems in, their implementation and
      maintenance. To achieve optimal oral health throughout life, a combination of
      passive measures (e.g. water fluoridation, school-based fluoride programmes) and
      active personal behaviours (e.g. oral hygiene, diet control) is required.
      Therefore, it is essential that researchers and practitioners improve their
      understanding of the acceptance of passive measures by institutions and
      communities as well as their understanding of the adoption of active measures by
      individuals.

PMID- 6592150
TI  - Endosonic endodontics: the ultrasonic synergistic system.
AB  - A biotechnological approach using ultrasound has led to the development of a
      method of root canal therapy in which effective debridement, shaping, irrigation
      and disinfection of the root canal are easily and quickly completed. This is
      achieved by a handpiece and a file both energized by ultrasound. A flow-through
      component enables an irrigation solution to pass along the file into the canal
      system. The ultrasonically energized file activates the irrigant facilitating
      solvent, cleansing and disinfecting actions within the root canal system. The
      energized file is able to debride the canal wall with great facility in an
      extremely rapid and simple fashion. Progress in metallurgical bonding has enabled
      a diamond coated file to be developed which gives efficient and rapid preparation
      of the root canal. Use of this combination of ultrasound, flow-through irrigation
      and diamond-coated files enables the dentist to perform endodontic treatment
      expeditiously while adhering to biologic principles.

PMID- 6592151
TI  - Natural Nashers: a programme of dental health education for adolescents in
      schools.
AB  - This research set out to recognize and overcome the difficulties and doubts in
      designing, testing and disseminating a dental health education programme for
      adolescents, as part of their school curriculum. After extensive pilot work,
      large-scale field trials were mounted of Natural Nashers for 13-14-year-old
      pupils in school. These trials ran among 6700 pupils in 45 largely urban, mixed
      sex, state comprehensive schools in England and Scotland. A quasi-experimental
      control group design was used and evaluation was carried out at the levels of
      process (teachers' questionnaires, pupils worksheets, field-workers' reports) and
      outcome (pupils' pre- and post-questionnaires, worksheets, plaque and gingival
      scores), among a random subsample (n = 1900) divided between study (n = 1300) and
      control (n = 600). Eighty-three teachers completed a questionnaire and 330 field
      workers' reports were analysed. Two hundred and fifty pupils were further
      examined after a minimum of 6 months. Significant improvements in plaque and
      gingival scores, knowledge and attitudes compared to control pupils were noted.
      Gains in the areas of knowledge and attitudes were the largest of any recorded in
      similar trials in Europe. Process data showed that in the experimental schools,
      improved oral hygiene was correlated with teachers who were enthusiastic and used
      a cooperative style. Results from the teachers' questionnaire showed that the
      programme was very well received and educationally suitable.

PMID- 6592152
TI  - Reliability of the CPITN in the epidemiological assessment of periodontal
      treatment needs at 13-15 years of age.
AB  - The aim of this study was to assess the difference in the results obtained when
      using the two methods of recording the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment
      Needs (Ainamo et al., 1982) in teenaged children. A group of 240 13-15-year-old
      schoolchildren were clinically examined for pocketing, the presence of calculus
      and overhanging fillings, and gingival bleeding after gentle probing of the tooth
      surfaces. Pocket depths were also determined. False pockets around erupting teeth
      were recorded as gingivitis whenever bleeding was observed after probing. None of
      the children was found to exhibit deep pockets associated with true loss of tooth
      attachment. The presence of dental calculus was assessed equally well by
      examination of the index teeth in each sextant and by examination of all teeth
      for the determination of the sextant score. Gingival bleeding, however, was
      observed more often in the maxillary anterior sextant by full mouth examination
      than by examination of the gingiva around the right central incisor alone. Due to
      the high prevalence of gingival bleeding in young subjects, it is suggested that
      for the identification of treatment priorities, examination of the specified
      index teeth is of greater value than full mouth examinations. It is not
      appropriate to include false pockets around erupting teeth as indicators of
      moderate or advanced treatment need.

PMID- 6592153
TI  - Need and decision making in dentistry--an economic perspective.
AB  - The issue of alternative definitions of need has recently received attention in
      the dental literature. However, a number of important questions have gone
      unanswered. Why is it necessary to assess needs; who is to do the assessing and
      in what decision making contexts are needs to be assessed? This paper presents an
      economic rationale for assessing needs. Scarcity necessitates choices as to how
      resources will be used, and it is only by identifying needs and the costs of
      meeting them that such choices can be made rationally and explicitly. Three
      levels of decision making are distinguished, together with three assessors of
      need: patients, dentists and society. It is argued that decisions to seek care
      and to comply with professional instructions will ultimately rest with patients,
      whereas decisions as to which individual patients should be given treatment of
      what type will inevitably lie with the dental profession. In the latter case it
      is particularly important that dentists' judgements should reflect the social
      context of their decision making. At a wider community level, it is suggested
      that dental care professionals have a major role to play in assessing the
      potential for improvements in the oral health of the population, while the task
      of making societal decisions as to which needs ought to be met is essentially
      that of policy makers. Once the legitimate roles of various parties in assessing
      needs in different decision settings have been established, the concept of need
      has a key contribution to make to the planning and provision of dental care
      services.

PMID- 6592154
TI  - Natural killer cell activity in women at "high risk" for breast cancer, with and
      without benign breast syndrome.
AB  - This study is an analysis of natural killer cell (NK) function in 155 women
      repeatedly tested over a 5-year period while attending breast screening clinics
      because of one or more of the following risk factors: family history-breast
      cancer in a close female relative (relative risk = 1.2-9); personal history-early
      menarche, non-parity, late menopause, etc. (relative risk = 1.3-3); clinical
      benign breast syndrome-localized and diffuse (relative risk = 2-4). Contrary to
      expectations, the high-risk group as a whole had significantly higher than normal
      relative NK function vs K562 (1.21 +/- 0.06 vs 1.00 +/- 0.06) (p less than 0.02).
      Division into subgroups showed that the NK activities in patients with positive
      family histories, personal histories, or both, were exactly the same as normal
      values and that the increased NK function in the high-risk group as a whole was
      due to those donors with benign breast syndrome (BBS). This group was also
      subdivided and the results were compared with the high-risk patients with no BBS.
      The NK activity of the group having diffuse BBS (1.67 +/- 0.05, n = 32) was
      significantly higher than that of the "No BBS" group (1.07 +/- 0.07, n = 102) (p
      less than 0.025). A paired "t'-test performed on data from 7 patients who had no
      BBS and diffuse BBS at different times showed a significant difference of p less
      than 0.001, suggesting that the elevated NK activity is a reaction to the
      hormonal factors which cause this condition.

PMID- 6592155
TI  - Evidence for extensive intermolecular disulfide bonds of the proteins of non
      ionic detergent high-salt-resistant skeletons of normal lymphocytes, and the
      altered structure in leukemia.
AB  - Normal and leukemic lymphocytes were subjected to lysis with a non-ionic
      detergent and 2.0 M NaCl. The intact nuclear DNA and the associated molecules
      resulting from these lyses (the nucleoids) were then separated from DNA
      dissociated molecules and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. Most of the proteins undissociable by 2.0 M NaCl from normal
      lymphocyte nuclear DNA or from DNA-associated molecules appear to be
      intermolecularly S-S linked. A distinct set of these proteins was either absent
      or only present in greatly decreased amounts in association with the leukemic
      lymphocyte nuclear DNA exposed to 2.0 M NaCl. On the other hand, the opposite
      relationship was found for a an MW 71,000 protein with leukemic lymphocytes of
      every patient studied regardless of the subtype of leukemia. Conversion of normal
      quiescent lymphocytes to cycling cells by lectin stimulation rendered them
      similar to leukemic cells in some respects but not in all. Our results show an
      altered nuclo(cyto)skeletal structure in leukemic cells; in general the proteins
      involved appear to be sulfhydryl proteins whose redox states and/or DNA
      association properties are modified by the neoplastic transformation of
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 6592156
TI  - Strong natural killer (NK) cell activity in bone marrow of myeloma patients:
      accelerated maturation of bone marrow NK cells and their interaction with other
      bone marrow cells.
AB  - Bone marrow natural killer (NK) cell activity was studied in patients with
      multiple myeloma. Bone marrow mononuclear cells from myeloma patients expressed
      considerable levels of cytotoxicity against K562 in a 4 h 51Cr-release assay,
      which was comparable to that of blood lymphocytes. In contrast, NK-cell activity
      was markedly low or absent in bone marrow of normal donors and control patients.
      Fractionation of bone marrow cells from myeloma patients on linear bovine serum
      albumin gradients enriched NK effector cells in the upper, lymphocyte-enriched
      fraction, with no reactivity in the middle fraction containing mainly myeloma
      cells. Treatment with either Leu-7 or OKMI monoclonal antibody plus complement
      reduced or abrogated bone marrow NK-cell activity of myeloma patients as well as
      blood NK-cell activity. However, OKMI plus complement failed to reduce control
      bone marrow NK-cell activity, although the activity was reduced by Leu-7 plus
      complement. Overnight exposure to interferon (IFN) of bone marrow cells resulted
      in an augmentation of NK-cell activity in myeloma patients, but not in controls.
      Furthermore, adherent bone marrow cells from controls suppressed IFN-induced
      enhancement of NK-cell activity of blood lymphocytes, whereas bone marrow of
      myeloma patients did not contain such suppressor cells. No cytotoxicity was
      induced in control bone marrow cells by cocultivation with bone marrow myeloma
      cells. Bone marrow NK cells from myeloma patients were able to lyse control bone
      marrow cells in a 18 h assay and their lytic activity was augmented by IFN
      treatment. However, neither bone marrow cells nor blood lymphocytes were
      cytotoxic to autologous and allogeneic fresh myeloma cells even after activation
      with IFN. These results suggest that NK precursor cells differentiate into HNK-I-
      and OKMI-positive mature NK cells in bone marrow of myeloma patients, but not in
      control bone marrow, and that these functional bone marrow NK cells may interact
      with other bone marrow elements.

PMID- 6592157
TI  - Effect of l-carnitine on lipid pattern in debilitated patients treated with
      Intralipid.
AB  - Ten surgical patients--4 males and 6 females, mean age: 46.7 years--affected by
      various pathological conditions were selected for this clinical trial. The
      patients were divided into two groups of 5 as follows: Group I on the third day
      received 10%. Intralipid (500 mg) + l-carnitine i.v. (100 mg/kg); on the sixth
      day 10% Intralipid (500 mg) infusion was given alone. Group II on the third day
      received 10% Intralipid (500 mg) infusion, and on the sixth day 10% Intralipid
      (500 mg) + l-carnitine (100 mg/kg). The laboratory parameters (cholesterol,
      triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL, apolipoprotein A and B) showed that the lipids
      administered with l-carnitine were more rapidly metabolized than those without.

PMID- 6592158
TI  - Effect of indomethacin on the growth of colon cancer cells in syngeneic rats.
AB  - A cell culture line has been established from a colonic tumor induced in a rat by
      dimethylhydrazine. Indomethacin had no effect on the growth of tumors induced in
      syngeneic rats by s.c. injection of this cell line. Neither indomethacin, nor
      prostaglandin E2 modify the growth of this established cell line in vitro or
      alter its destruction by endotoxin-activated macrophages. Indomethacin has been
      reported to suppress the growth of colonic tumors induced in rats by various
      carcinogenic drugs. The difference between these results obtained by others on
      chemically-induced colon cancer and the data we have obtained with a cell line
      derived from a similar cancer suggests that cancer cells in established culture
      may loose their sensitivity to prostaglandins, prostaglandin inhibitors or
      prostaglandin-dependent effector host cells.

PMID- 6592159
TI  - Synthesis and purification of sodium [11C]benzoate for physiological and
      metabolic studies: evaluation in a tumor-bearing dog.

PMID- 6592160
TI  - Critical oxygen levels to avoid corneal edema for daily and extended wear contact
      lenses.
AB  - The relationship between corneal edema and hydrogel lens oxygen transmissibility
      was examined for both daily and extended contact lens wear by measuring the
      corneal swelling response induced by a variety of contact lenses over a 36-hr
      wearing period. The relationships derived enable average edema levels that occur
      with daily and extended wear in a population of normal young adults to be
      predicted to within +/- 1.0%. The critical lens oxygen transmissibilities
      required to avoid edema, for the group as a whole, for daily and extended contact
      lens wear were obtained from the derived curves. It was found under daily wear
      conditions that lenses having an oxygen transmissibility of at least 24.1 +/- 2.7
      X 10(-9) (cm X ml O2)/(sec X ml X mmHg), an Equivalent Oxygen Percentage (EOP) of
      9.9%, did not induce corneal edema. This level of oxygen transmissibility can be
      achieved (1) in standard, low water content, poly-HEMA lenses by using an average
      lens thickness of 33 microns or less, or (2) in a higher water content material,
      such as Duragel 75, by using an average thickness of 166 microns or less. The
      critical hydrogel lens oxygen transmissibility needed to limit overnight corneal
      edema to 4% (the level experienced without a contact lens in place) was found to
      be 87.0 +/- 3.3 X 10(-9) (cm X ml O2)/(sec X ml X mmHg)--an EOP of 17.9%. This
      ideal level of oxygen transmissibility cannot, at present, be provided with
      hydrogel materials.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6592161
TI  - Hemoglobin D "Los Angeles" in an Austrian family: biochemical identification,
      clinical aspects, and kindred study.
AB  - During a screening program for gestational diabetes, hemoglobin D "Los Angeles"
      (beta 121 Glu----Gln) was detected by HPLC in an overweight but healthy pregnant
      Austrian woman. The chromatogram of the hemolysate revealed an unusual splitting
      of the hemoglobin A1 peak. Sequential analysis of the abnormal peptide indicated
      hemoglobin D "Los Angeles" heterozygosity in the patient. This is the first
      description of this variant in Germanic-appearing people. In a kindred study of
      49 of the 57 living family members spanning four generations, 22 were
      heterozygous for hemoglobin D "Los Angeles". How this gene got to this region of
      Austria is unknown, but transfer via Iran and Turkey seems likely.

PMID- 6592162
TI  - New anthracycline antibiotics obtained by microbial glycosidation of beta
      isorhodomycinone and alpha 2-rhodomycinone.

PMID- 6592164
TI  - The relationship between performance on a test of mechanical insight and
      psychomotor achievement in preclinical laboratory projects.

PMID- 6592163
TI  - Studies on the effects of ingestion of a single 500 mg oral dose of erythromycin
      stearate on leucocyte motility and transformation and on release in vitro of
      prostaglandin E2 by stimulated leucocytes.
AB  - Polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMNL) and mononuclear leucocyte (MNL) migration to
      the leucoattractant endotoxin-activated serum as well as MNL mitogen-induced
      transformation were measured in normal adult volunteers before and 1 1/2 h and 96
      h after the ingestion of a single oral dose of 500 mg of erythromycin stearate.
      Ingestion of the antibiotic was associated with a significant increase in PMNL
      migration at 1 1/2 h with a return to normal levels at 96 h. Slight but
      insignificant enhancement of MNL migration and of transformation to mitogens was
      detected after erythromycin. The mechanism of the slight stimulation of MNL
      transformation, which was consistently observed, was investigated further in
      vitro by measuring the effects of erythromycin base on the release of
      prostaglandin (PG) E2 by mitogen-stimulated MNL. Similar studies were performed
      using leuco-attractant-exposed PMNL. Inhibition of PGE2 release was observed for
      both MNL and PMNL with therapeutic concentrations of erythromycin. To assess the
      possible in-vivo significance of the immunopotentiating properties of the
      antibiotic the effect of a single intraperitoneal injection of 250, 500 or 1000
      micrograms on the survival time of mice lethally infected with the erythromycin
      resistant microorganism Candida albicans were investigated. Pre-treatment of the
      mice with erythromycin at each concentration used significantly increased the
      mean survival times. It is possible that these non-specific immunostimulatory
      properties of erythromycin potentiate in-vivo antimicrobial activity.

PMID- 6592165
TI  - Partial purification and characterization of 3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate:keratan
      sulfate sulfotransferases.
AB  - Two 3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate:keratan sulfate sulfotransferases were purified 600
      fold and 340-fold, respectively, from isolated bovine cornea cells.
      Sulfotransferase I exhibited an apparent Mr = 220,000, whereas an Mr = 140,000
      was calculated for sulfotransferase II. The final preparations were both devoid
      of chondroitin sulfate sulfotransferase activity. The position of sulfation was
      determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Sixty per cent of
      the sulfate ester groups formed by sulfotransferase I were linked to the C-6 atom
      of galactosyl residues, the other ones to the C-6 atom of N-acetylglucosamine.
      Sulfotransferase II showed a different specificity: 23% of the newly formed
      sulfate ester groups were on galactosyl and 77% on N-acetylglucosaminyl residues.
      Both sulfotransferase preparations acted in a cooperative manner. In the presence
      of both sulfotransferases, the incorporation of [35S]sulfate into keratan sulfate
      was up to 75% higher than could be expected from the sum of individual
      activities. From the specific radioactivities of the oligosaccharides produced by
      digestion with endo-beta-galactosidase, it was also concluded that both enzyme
      species reacted best with keratan sulfate segments exhibiting a relatively high
      degree of sulfation.

PMID- 6592166
TI  - Changes in asparagine-linked sugar chains of human promyelocytic leukemic cells
      (HL-60) during monocytoid differentiation and myeloid differentiation. Appearance
      of high mannose-type oligosaccharides in neutral fraction.
AB  - Structural changes in the asparagine-linked sugar chains of plasma membrane
      glycoproteins during myeloid and monocytoid differentiation were investigated by
      the use of an in vitro differentiation system for human promyelocytic leukemic
      cells (HL-60), which can be induced to more mature myeloid cells by exposure to
      dimethyl sulfoxide and to macrophage-like cells by a phorbol ester. The
      asparagine-linked sugar chains released from their plasma membranes by
      hydrazinolysis were separated into a neutral fraction and an acidic fraction
      composed of over ten components. The content of neutral oligosaccharides, which
      accounted for 8% of the total asparagine-linked sugar chains in HL-60 cells,
      increased slightly to 13% in dimethyl sulfoxide-induced cells and markedly to 33%
      in phorbol ester-induced cells. Structural analyses revealed that the neutral
      oligosaccharides of HL-60 cells are all of the complex type with a variety of Gal
      beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----units in their outer chain moieties and the following
      core structure: (sequence; see text) After myeloid and monocytoid
      differentiation, the total amount of neutral complex-type sugar chains did not
      change significantly, but newly found high mannose-type sugar chains contributed
      up to 3% and 24% of the total sugar chains, respectively.

PMID- 6592167
TI  - The role of iron in the growth of human leukemic cell lines.
AB  - The growth requirements of three human leukemic cell lines (K 562, HEL, U937)
      have been studied in the absence of serum. For growth in serum-free medium, the
      cells require insulin, transferrin, and albumin. Two highly water-soluble iron
      salts, ferric ammonium citrate and ferric ammonium sulfate, may completely
      replace transferrin for supporting the growth of these cell lines. Similar
      results were obtained when mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes were grown in serum
      free media. Iron containing compounds, such as hemin or hemoglobin, were also
      able to replace transferrin. Experiments using 42/6 monoclonal antibody strongly
      suggest that free-iron salts are taken up by the cells by a mechanism that is
      completely independent from transferrin-receptors.

PMID- 6592169
TI  - Three-dimensional orthodontic diagnosis and treatment. A neuromuscular approach.

PMID- 6592168
TI  - Characterization of cytosolic estrogen sulfotransferase from RL95-2 endometrial
      cancer cells.
AB  - Estrogen sulfoconjugation previously was reported in normal endometrium and in
      RL95-2 cells, a cell line derived from a human endometrial cancer maintained in
      continuous in vitro culture. In the present study the estrogen sulfurylation
      activity in the cytosolic fraction of RL95-2 cells was characterized using
      [3H]estrone as substrate. Estrone sulfate was separated from unreacted estrone by
      thin layer chromatography. Activity was proportional to cytosol concentration,
      with a pH optimum at pH 8. There was marked temperature dependence between 24 and
      40 C. The apparent Km for estrone conjugation was 3.6 nM, with a maximum velocity
      of 135 fmol/micrograms DNA . h. No complex kinetic behavior was found at estrone
      concentrations up to 1 microM. The apparent Km for the cosubstrate 3'
      phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate was 0.6 microM. Inhibition experiments
      demonstrated that the sulfurylating activity studied under these conditions was
      specific for estrogens. Only estradiol and estriol, in addition to estrone
      itself, inhibited conjugation to any significant degree. Dehydroepiandrosterone
      had only 1% the inhibitory activity of estrone. Other androgens, corticoids,
      progestins, phenols, nonsteroidal estrogens and antiestrogens, and bile acids had
      no significant effects on the sulfurylation of estrone. An estrogen
      sulfoconjugating activity with the characteristics of estrogen sulfotransferase
      (EST) was demonstrated in RL95-2 cells. The Km of EST for estrone in the RL95-2
      cells closely approximated the value reported for the enzyme in normal
      endometrium. The affinity of EST for estrogens is within the range of the Kd of
      estrogen receptor and of the physiological concentrations of estrogens reported
      in the endometrium, suggesting that EST could serve as a regulator of
      intracellular estrogen levels.

PMID- 6592170
TI  - Non-acrylic removable retainer.

PMID- 6592172
TI  - Dual-flex archwires.

PMID- 6592171
TI  - Appointment scheduling.

PMID- 6592173
TI  - The modified Harvold activator. Case reports.

PMID- 6592174
TI  - Nitinol wire in Begg treatment.

PMID- 6592176
TI  - Demographic and clinical data associated with acute necrotizing ulcerative
      gingivitis in a dental school population (ANUG-demographic and clinical data).
AB  - This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of demographic and clinical
      factors of patients diagnosed as having ANUG as determined by the presence of
      painful, bleeding, necrotic and ulcerated interproximal gingival papillae.
      Results showed that ANUG patients were evenly divided between males and females
      relative to the general clinic population. 58% of the patients with ANUG were
      under 25 years of age as compared to 31% under 25 in the general clinic
      population. Overall, the ANUG group accounted for 1.4% of the under 34 age group
      in the general clinic population. 76% of the ANUG group had a high school
      education or less with 67% having less than $5,000 annual income. Only 20%
      presented with elevated temperature. Only 6% of the patients with ANUG were non
      smokers as compared to 63% in a matched control group. Of great significance was
      the fact that only 1 patient with ANUG was black as compared to a 41% black
      population in the clinic population.

PMID- 6592177
TI  - Corticosteroid therapy and periodontal disease.
AB  - In the present investigation, the frequency and severity of periodontal disease
      was assessed in a group of patients with multiple sclerosis receiving
      corticosteroid hormone therapy for neurological disease. Age-matched patients
      with multiple sclerosis but without hormone therapy as well as healthy subjects
      served as controls. Individuals suffering from multiple sclerosis or
      polyneuropathies were selected from a pool of patients who were under treatment
      at the Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Kuopio, Finland. 27
      individuals were identified who had received more than 1.5 g prednisone over a 1
      4 year period. The average amount of steroid given to these patients was 3.5 g.
      26 individuals also suffering from neurologic disease had received no or only
      negligable amounts of hormone therapy and were used as diseased controls. Another
      control group comprised age- and sex-matched healthy individuals from the city of
      Kuopio. The dental examination which was performed by one dentist comprised
      assessments of the following parameters: oral hygiene status, gingival
      conditions, probing depth, gingival recession and height of the alveolar bone.
      The findings clearly demonstrated that patients with neurological disease who
      received corticosteroid therapy had the same frequency of gingivitis as non
      treated diseased controls. Furthermore, data describing probing depth, gingival
      recession and height of the alveolar bone revealed that there was no difference
      regarding the frequency and severity of periodontal disease between the 2 groups
      of neurological diseased patients. It was concluded that corticosteroid therapy
      maintained over 1-4 years had no obvious influence on clinical parameters of
      periodontal disease in patients suffering from neurological disease.

PMID- 6592175
TI  - Stratum corneum lipids in disorders of cornification. Steroid sulfatase and
      cholesterol sulfate in normal desquamation and the pathogenesis of recessive X
      linked ichthyosis.
AB  - The pathological scaling in recessive x-linked ichthyosis is associated with
      accumulation of abnormal quantities of cholesterol sulfate in stratum corneum (J.
      Clin. Invest. 68:1404-1410, 1981). To determine whether or not cholesterol
      sulfate accumulates in recessive x-linked ichthyosis as a direct result of the
      missing enzyme, steroid sulfatase, we quantitated both steroid sulfatase and its
      substrate, we quantitated both steroid sulfatase and its substrate, cholesterol
      sulfate, in different epidermal strata, as well as within stratum corneum
      subcellular fractions obtained from normal human and neonatal mouse epidermis and
      from patients with recessive x-linked ichthyosis. In normal human and mouse
      epidermis, steroid sulfatase activity peaked in the stratum granulosum and
      stratum corneum, and negligible activity was detectable in lower epidermal
      layers. In contrast, in recessive x-linked ichthyosis epidermis, enzyme levels
      were virtually undetectable at all levels. In normal human stratum corneum, up to
      10 times more steroid sulfatase activity was present in purified peripheral
      membrane preparations than in the whole tissue. Whereas in normal human epidermis
      cholesterol sulfate levels were lowest in the basal/spinous layer, and highest in
      the stratum granulosum, in recessive x-linked ichthyosis the levels were only
      slightly higher in the lower epidermis, but continued to climb in the stratum
      corneum. In both normal and in recessive x-linked ichthyosis stratum corneum,
      cholesterol sulfate appeared primarily within membrane domains, paralleling the
      pattern of steroid sulfatase localization. Finally, the role of excess
      cholesterol sulfate in the pathogenesis of recessive x-linked ichthyosis was
      directly tested by topical applications of this substance, which produced visible
      scaling in hairless mice in parallel to an increased cholesterol sulfate content
      of the stratum corneum. These results demonstrate an intimate relationship
      between steroid sulfatase and cholesterol sulfate in normal epidermis: both are
      concentrated in the outer epidermis (stratum corneum and stratum granulosum), and
      both are localized to membrane domains. Presumably, as a result of this
      distribution pattern, continued enzymatic degradation of substrate occurs in
      normal epidermis, thereby preventing excessive accumulation of cholesterol
      sulfate. In contrast, in recessive x-linked ichthyosis, degradation of
      cholesterol sulfate does not occur and cholesterol sulfate accumulates
      specifically in the stratum corneum, where it produces visible scale.

PMID- 6592178
TI  - A longitudinal study of untreated periodontal disease.
AB  - 1016 textile workers were examined during a baseline study in 1969/70. A follow
      up examination in 1979/80 identified 82 subjects who had not been treated for
      periodontal disease in the intervening period. There were 39 male and 43 female
      subjects; the average age at the initial examination was 27.0 years. There was an
      average tooth loss of 2.5 (SEM 0.6) teeth per subject over the 10-year period.
      While periodontal disease was significantly related to oral hygiene at the
      outset, neither factor was significantly related to the degree of tooth loss. A
      detailed analysis of the dynamics of the periodontal condition was undertaken.
      The subsequent results are presented in the form of transition matrices and
      clearly illustrate both the progression of periodontal disease and the degree of
      tooth loss associated with each level of periodontal disease at the initial
      examination. The main findings are as follows. (a) Overall 6% of teeth initially
      free of periodontal disease (P.I.O.) were lost compared to 14% with destructive
      periodontal disease (P.I.6). (b) Progression of periodontal disease was slow for
      teeth initially free of periodontal disease and with mild gingivitis (P.I.0 and
      P.I.1) for all age groups. However severe gingivitis (P.I.2), resulted in more
      rapid deterioration of the supporting tissues in subjects over 35 years old at
      the final examination; 35% of such teeth changed to destructive periodontal
      disease (P.I.6) compared to 17% of corresponding teeth for the under 35-year age
      group. In contrast, a poorer prognosis was found for the teeth with destructive
      periodontal disease (P.I.6) in the younger age group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6592179
TI  - "Spontaneous" repositioning of migrated teeth following periodontal surgery.
AB  - The paper presents 2 cases of "spontaneous" repositioning of anterior teeth
      following periodontal surgery. In view of the reported cases, the present
      approach to orthodontic treatment of periodontal patients is questioned. It is
      suggested that the subject of "spontaneous" repositioning deserves more attention
      and that documentation and research are needed to elaborate on the subject in
      order to establish a sound approach to orthodontic intervention in periodontal
      cases.

PMID- 6592180
TI  - Current concepts in orthodontics.

PMID- 6592181
TI  - Use of a syringe and crown former to aid placement of a Class IV pin composite.

PMID- 6592182
TI  - Preparation for emergencies in the general dentistry office: the ABC's.

PMID- 6592183
TI  - Strenuous exercise with isotretinoin.

PMID- 6592184
TI  - Stage of estrous cycle, time of insemination, and seasonal effects on estrus and
      fertility of Holstein heifers after prostaglandin F2 alpha.
AB  - Stage of estrous cycle, time of insemination, and season of the year were
      examined for their influence on estrus and fertility of 223 Holstein heifers
      after prostaglandin F2 alpha (treatment). Heifers treated during early stages
      (days 5 to 8) of the estrous cycle had shorter (by 11 h) and less variable
      intervals to estrus compared with treatment of heifers during late stages (days
      14 to 16) of the estrous cycle. A greater proportion of heifers in the early
      cycle treatment (79/81, 97%) were in synchronous estrus (20-h period) after
      treatment compared with the late cycle treatment (71/86, 83%). Conception rates
      were lower when early cycle heifers were inseminated at 80 h after prostaglandin
      F2 alpha than when inseminated according to estrous detection and also lower as
      compared with late cycle heifers inseminated at 80 h. No differences in fertility
      were observed for late cycle heifers inseminated at 80 h compared with those
      inseminated according to estrous detection. Season of the year had no influence
      on intervals to estrus or on proportion of heifers expressing estrus after
      prostaglandin F2 alpha, regardless of stage of estrous cycle. Conception rate
      during winter, however, was higher in early but not late cycle heifers
      inseminated after prostaglandin F2 alpha, as compared with fall or spring.
      Variability of interval to estrus and of fertility after inseminations by
      appointment at 80 h appears to be due to stage of estrous cycle at time of
      prostaglandin F2 alpha treatment rather than season of the year.

PMID- 6592185
TI  - Dentists' characteristics and child behavior management techniques.
AB  - Dentists believe that children's behaviors in the operatory may cause problems,
      demanding time, attention, and skill. This study explored relationships among
      several demographic, structural, and attitudinal practitioner characteristics
      hypothesized to influence dentists' choice of seventeen child behavior management
      techniques used with nonhandicapped preschool patients. A sixty-item
      questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of 366 dentists and all thirty-four
      pedodontists licensed in Minnesota (N = 400), yielding a 67.5 percent response
      rate. Data were analyzed to determine frequency distributions for all variables,
      as well as to analyze relationships among seventeen management strategies and all
      practitioner characteristics. Pearson correlations and chi square tests of
      significance were used. Findings indicated that the majority of respondents held
      a negative view of parental involvement in managing preschoolers' behaviors in
      the operatory. Respondents' stronger agreement with certain authoritarian
      attitudes, as well as greater degrees of some measures of productivity, were
      related to higher frequencies of use of physical restraints and nitrous oxide.
      Many beliefs regarding child behavior management may be based upon professional
      dogma, particularly those which focus on the importance of establishing authority
      and control over the child patient, and perhaps, even the parent. Dentistry
      actively promotes individual acceptance of personal responsibility for one's own
      oral health, but it appears that the dental care delivery setting for children
      does not presently reinforce or support this message. If children are expected,
      as adults, to take responsibility for making wise decisions about oral health and
      care-seeking behaviors, such decision-making skills need to be fostered during
      childhood.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6592186
TI  - Prenatal fluoride tablet supplementation and the fluoride content of teeth: Part
      VII.

PMID- 6592187
TI  - Urinary fluoride levels of children residing in communities with naturally
      occurring fluorides in the drinking water.
AB  - The studies by Dean and others in the 1930's established excessive fluorides as
      the causative agent in the mottling of teeth. Although cultural and dietary
      patterns have changed during the past half century, this study suggests that the
      fluoride intake has remained relatively constant and generally proportional to
      the community's water fluoride level.

PMID- 6592188
TI  - Dental caries related to liquid medication intake in young cardiac patients.

PMID- 6592189
TI  - A treatment for ectopically erupted first permanent molars.

PMID- 6592190
TI  - Minimizing the problem of impacted and ectopic canines.

PMID- 6592191
TI  - Give your teeth a hug: a simplified brushing technique for children.

PMID- 6592192
TI  - Congenitally missing first permanent molars: unusual course of development.

PMID- 6592193
TI  - Congenital mucous retention phenomena.

PMID- 6592195
TI  - Topical fluorides.

PMID- 6592194
TI  - Fad reducing diets: separating fads from facts.
AB  - Generally, it is wise to stay away from any crash diet. All tend to be
      nutritionally unbalanced. Although all may cause great temporary weight losses in
      short periods of time, over the long term, the only thing they accomplish is the
      addition of another cycle of frustration and disappointment for the dieter.

PMID- 6592196
TI  - Fluoride supplementation for infants.

PMID- 6592197
TI  - Unstimulated and stimulated parotid salivary flow rate in individuals of
      different ages.
AB  - Both unstimulated and stimulated parotid saliva samples were collected from 85
      healthy, unmedicated individuals between the ages of 23 and 81 years. There were
      no significant differences in flow rate related to age with either unstimulated
      or stimulated secretion.

PMID- 6592198
TI  - A model for producing caries-like lesions in enamel and dentin using oral
      bacteria in vitro.
AB  - Subsurface enamel lesions and root surface caries-like lesions were consistently
      produced in vitro using Streptococcus mutans FA1 cultured in thioglycollate broth
      containing 3.5% w/v dextrose and 2% w/v gelatin. When viewed in polarized light
      and after imbibition in water, the enamel lesions had a negatively birefringent
      surface zone and positively birefringent body of the lesion. Those lesions
      produced after six weeks, after imbibition in quinoline, exhibited a dark zone.
      The root surface caries-like lesions exhibited a less-radiolucent surface zone
      above a heavily demineralized body of the lesion. However, no reactionary dentin
      was seen in the in vitro lesions.

PMID- 6592199
TI  - Caries prevention in rats by fluoride varnish treatment combined with addition of
      fluoride to dietary sugar.
AB  - Osborne-Mendel rats were fed a cariogenic diet containing 43% sucrose for 48
      days. The control group received no additional treatment. The teeth of the second
      group received topical treatment with a sodium fluoride varnish which was applied
      twice onto newly-erupted molars. The third group received topical treatment with
      the sodium fluoride varnish combined with a NaF + Mg addition to the diet. In
      both treatment groups, caries was significantly reduced as compared with caries
      in the control group. Combined treatment was significantly more effective than
      was the varnish alone. In spite of the high fluoride concentration in the
      varnish, no changes in the oral mucosa were found at the end of the study.

PMID- 6592200
TI  - Effect of chlorhexidine-fluoride applications without and with Sr and Zn on
      caries, plaque, and gingiva in rats.
AB  - Molar teeth of four groups of Osborne-Mendel rats, kept on a cariogenic diet,
      were treated once per day for 48 days with either distilled water (solution C), a
      solution containing 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate and 0.04% NaF, pH 5.8 (solution
      CXF), CXF plus 1000 ppm Sr (solution CXFS), or CXFS plus 1000 ppm Zn (solution
      CXFSZ). Caries of the hemi-sectioned lower molars was scored according to grades
      of severity, and the extent of the buccal plaque was estimated. Inflammatory cell
      infiltration, vascularity, and thickness of the oral mucosa were estimated from
      stained sections of the buccal oral mucosa to detect possible adverse effects of
      the treatments. Fissure caries lesions with involvement of the dentin were
      reduced by 57% (p less than 0.01) with the CXF treatment and by 68% (p less than
      0.001) with the CXFS treatment. The CXFSZ treatment reduced the fissure caries
      least (44%, p less than 0.05), but it appreciably reduced the extent of plaque.
      The mucosal changes were greatest in the group receiving the CXFSZ treatment, but
      they were generally small and at a non-pathological level. Supplementation of the
      CXF solution with Sr thus appeared beneficial for caries reduction.

PMID- 6592201
TI  - Fluoride in deciduous teeth from an anti-caries clinical study.
AB  - The fluoride content of both sound and white-spot enamel was determined in
      deciduous teeth collected from an anti-caries clinical trial which compared a
      0.243% NaF dentifrice, a 0.4% SnF2 dentifrice, and a placebo. A microdrill enamel
      biopsy technique was developed for the analysis of white spots. No correlations
      were found between caries increment scores and the fluoride content of sound
      enamel. The enamel in white spots from users of the 0.243% NaF dentifrice had a
      mean fluoride content higher than that from users of the 0.4% SnF2 dentifrice.
      There was a negative correlation between fluoride found in white-spot enamel and
      caries increment scores. It is hypothesized that fluoride affects the caries rate
      by its control over the rate of remineralization in previously demineralized
      areas.

PMID- 6592202
TI  - Local immunoglobulin synthesis in juvenile periodontitis: initial findings.
AB  - An electro-immunoassay technique was used to determine simultaneously
      immunoglobulin G (IgG) and albumin concentrations in serum and extracts of
      gingival tissue comprising the pocket wall. Assays of samples obtained from seven
      patients with juvenile periodontitis (mean age, 18 years) indicated that local
      synthesis accounted for 72% of the IgG found in the gingiva.

PMID- 6592203
TI  - Alpha level distortions with repeated testing of follow-up dental data.
AB  - The statistical consequences of repeated significance testing of follow-up dental
      data were evaluated by computerized Monte Carlo simulation. Substantial
      distortions in nominal alpha level were noted, particularly when the scores for
      individual subjects were not highly correlated between statistical observations.
      Suggested methods of controlling this distortion include the pre-specification of
      a terminal statistical analysis that would be given best evidence status and the
      partitioning of alpha error among all analyses by Bonferroni's inequality.

PMID- 6592205
TI  - Post-treatment effect of fluoride varnishes in children with a high prevalence of
      dental caries in a community with fluoridated water.
AB  - Children with a high prevalence of dental caries living in a community with
      fluoridated water had received semi-annual half-mouth applications of one of two
      fluoride varnishes for three years. Two years after the applications were
      discontinued, we studied the post-treatment effect of the varnishes. The absolute
      reduction in caries found during the treatment was retained, but the cariostatic
      effect did not continue after treatment. This finding suggests that fluoride
      varnish applications should not be discontinued after three years.

PMID- 6592204
TI  - The influence of modification of cavity design on distribution of stresses in a
      restored molar.
AB  - In this study, two different cavity designs were compared from a mechanical point
      of view: (a) an axisymmetric model of a conventional class 1 cavity preparation
      and restoration; and (b) an axisymmetric model of a modified cavity design. The
      modified design was characterized by a cavo-surface angle (c.s.a.) of
      approximately 90 degrees and a stepped cavity wall. Using a mathematical model,
      stresses were calculated by finite element analysis to compare the force
      distribution. It is concluded that the clinical superiority of the modified
      cavity design, with respect to the marginal breakdown of the amalgam restoration,
      can be supported by stress calculations.

PMID- 6592206
TI  - Electromyographic activity of anterior temporal area pain patients and non-pain
      subjects.
AB  - Anterior temporal area and non-specific facial muscle activity were recorded from
      11 patients with unilateral anterior temporal area muscle pain and from 11
      matched asymptomatic individuals at various mandibular openings. No significant
      differences were observed (1) in temporal area EMG activity between pain and non
      pain sides and (2) between temporal area and non-specific facial muscle EMG
      activity between patient and non-patient groups. In relation to increased
      vertical mandibular opening from centric occlusion: (a) anterior temporal area
      EMG activity decreased to a minimum level (with further opening, anterior
      temporal area EMG did not significantly change); and (b) non-specific facial
      muscle EMG activity decreased to a minimum level (with further opening, non
      specific facial muscle EMG increased).

PMID- 6592207
TI  - Elastic modulus of a triple-stranded stainless steel arch wire via three- and
      four-point bending.
AB  - The modulus of elasticity (E) was determined in simple three- and four-point
      bending for an 0.0175" (3 X 0.008") stainless steel arch wire. Using variable
      light loads (10-160 g) to limit the elastic deflection of a wire to less than 5%
      of its beam length, the force-deflection profiles were determined for three
      nominal span lengths (L = 0.35", 0.75", and 1.00") in three-point bending and
      three nominal inner span lengths (L2 = 0.17", 0.40", and 0.50") in four-point
      bending (single outer span length, L = 1.00"). By assuming that each wire could
      be considered as a bundle of frictionless, tightly wound helical springs (i.e.,
      strands), in which both the Young's modulus (E) and the shear modulus (G)
      contribute to the overall stiffness, values for E equaled 28.6 +/- 0.6 X 10(6)
      and 29.6 +/- 0.9 X 10(6) psi in three- and four-point bending, respectively. In
      addition, by using simple beam theory, the values of E for the 0.010" and 0.018"
      single-stranded wires were measured and equaled 27.2 +/- 0.3 X 10(6) and 27.8 +/-
      0.7 X 10(6) psi in three-point bending, and 27.9 +/- 0.7 and 27.8 +/- 1.2 X 10(6)
      psi in four-point bending, respectively. Despite the fact that the elastic moduli
      of all three wires were significantly different (p less than 0.001), the results
      corroborated the metallurgical literature in which E spanned 27.8-30.2 X 10(6)
      psi. This was in contrast to the dental literature, in which a broader range of
      values has been reported, i.e., 18.3-38.0 X 10(6) psi.

PMID- 6592208
TI  - Effects of backing reflectance and mold size on polymerization of photo-activated
      composite resin.
AB  - The in vitro depth of cure of a visible-light-activated microfilled composite, as
      influenced by backing reflectance and mold size, was investigated using
      microhardness measurements. More extensive polymerization was obtained with
      higher values of backing reflectance. Mold size larger than the cross-sectional
      area of the photo-activating beam also increased the degree of polymerization.
      Backing reflectance and mold size are influential factors and need to be defined
      in depth-of-cure evaluations if in vitro measurements are to be valid predictors
      of clinical performance.

PMID- 6592209
TI  - Hydrolytic degradation of dental composites.
AB  - The leakage of filler elements from four composites after storage in water was
      investigated by use of atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results confirmed
      previous findings that leaching of silicon from different composites is strongly
      dependent on filler composition. Consideration of the total filler surface of
      each composite material indicated that quartz as well as pyrolytic silica
      containing composites leached less silicon than did composites containing fillers
      of strontium and/or barium glasses. A correlation between leakage and crack
      formation in the matrix appeared to exist for all composites except for the
      microfilled resin. These cracks were explained as a result of osmotic pressure
      built up at the matrix-filler interface due to hydrolytic degradation of the
      filler. Of the investigated materials, the microfilled resin was found to be the
      most stable material in a wet environment with respect to crack formation. This
      finding was explained by filler composition, filler form, and the specific
      structure of the microfilled resin.

PMID- 6592210
TI  - Extensibility characteristics of human cheek--visco-elastic properties.
AB  - Using a hydraulic bellows system mounted on a maxillary partial denture,
      continuous force-displacement data were taken in an edentulous area in the
      maxillary bicuspid-molar region on ten adults. Both loading and unloading force
      displacement curves showed three segments. Two visco-elastic properties -
      hysteresis and relaxation - were consistently evident. The maximum difference in
      force-magnitude of the hysteresis loop was 1.02 g. A pre-conditioning phenomenon
      of the cheek tissue, evidence by a reduction of the area of the hysteresis loop,
      was observed in a series of repeated runs. The significance of the study was
      that: (1) in some individuals, the cheek could be displaced, by expansion of the
      molars, up to 1 mm into a second stable position; and (2) the relaxation
      phenomenon suggests a limited adjustive capacity in cheek stiffness.

PMID- 6592211
TI  - Do faculties of dentistry belong in universities?

PMID- 6592212
TI  - Addressing the negative impact of scholarship on dental education.
AB  - Defined broadly, scholarship is the essence of academic and professional life. In
      several ways, however, scholarship as defined, perceived, and applied within the
      university has a negative impact on dental education. When scholarship is defined
      in terms of numbers of publications, faculty efforts are turned away from other
      important forms of scholarship. The review process for publication quality is
      unreliable, and the focus on numbers of publications encourages multiple
      authorship and papers of less practical significance. The proposed solution of
      nontenure tracks for clinicians creates its own difficulties. Broadening the
      definition of scholarship will encourage better clinical teaching, clinical
      judgment, and clinical assessment of student performance, and will result in more
      satisfied teachers, students, and alumni, and ultimately in better health care
      through improved judgments and decision processes. The perception that
      scholarship is a meaningless university hurdle for clinicians must be dispelled.

PMID- 6592213
TI  - Requirements for faculty scholarship in universities and dental schools:
      implications for promotion, tenure, and the dual-track system.

PMID- 6592214
TI  - Alternatives to traditional tenure.
AB  - Adherence to the traditional tenure system in dental schools, including the
      requirement that faculty produce scholarly work, may well have a negative impact
      on dental education. However, scholarly activity should continue to be required
      of full-time faculty; it is the very essence of a university discipline. We
      should direct our attention to the tenure system itself. We should modify tenure
      to acknowledge the character of dental faculty and provide alternatives that take
      into account the differences between what is expected of faculty members in a
      health science compared to what is expected of faculty members in traditional
      academic disciplines. At the same time we should do all that is possible to
      enhance dentistry's status within the university.

PMID- 6592215
TI  - Scholarship and dental education: new perspectives for clinical faculty.
AB  - Dental faculty in clinical departments can develop as scholars and researchers
      while enhancing their value as educators. The obstacles created by inadequate
      training and background for research, lack of appropriate role models, and
      competing demands on the faculty members' time are all significant. There are
      ways of dealing with these problems, however, and the greatest obstacle often is
      our unwillingness to solve the problem. In better times, clinical dental faculty
      needed neither to change nor justify what they did. But times have changed, and
      the demands of the academy, of the dental profession, and of society require new
      responses. Clearly, dental education could gain greatly from moving forward with
      the new emphasis on scholarship. There will undoubtedly be some losses. The
      overall effect, however, will be positive to the extent that we as dental
      educators are able to take hold of the situation and define our own goals and
      criteria for performance. Otherwise, we will have to resign ourselves to living
      with goals set by someone else.

PMID- 6592216
TI  - Acquisition of psychomotor skills in dentistry: a follow-up study.
AB  - After promising results were achieved with an experimental method for teaching
      the acquisition of psychomotor skills to dental students, a long-term follow-up
      study evaluated the lasting effects of that method using preclinical and clinical
      grades, as well as an assessment of students' clinical technical performance.
      Though the experimental teaching method had a significant effect on student
      performance in the initial preclinical activities, the differences between the
      control and experimental groups diminished as the students progressed through
      subsequent preclinical courses. No significant differences were found in measures
      obtained during the clinical years.

PMID- 6592217
TI  - Teaching dental students a proper way of introducing patients to instructors.

PMID- 6592218
TI  - American Association of Dental Schools Section on Behavioral Sciences. Curriculum
      guidelines for behavioral sciences in dentistry.

PMID- 6592219
TI  - Senior survey update: financial characteristics of dental school seniors, 1984.

PMID- 6592220
TI  - "Going for the gold". Dentistry's role in the Olympics.

PMID- 6592221
TI  - Informed consent patient records and the doctor/patient relationship.

PMID- 6592222
TI  - Positive reinforcement in clinical teaching and evaluation.

PMID- 6592223
TI  - If you don't care, who will?

PMID- 6592225
TI  - A call for facts.

PMID- 6592224
TI  - Advertising blues.

PMID- 6592226
TI  - Condylar displacement.

PMID- 6592227
TI  - Determining the value of your practice: a realistic approach.

PMID- 6592228
TI  - Bacterial endocarditis: a consideration for physician and dentist.

PMID- 6592229
TI  - Clinician compliance and the prevention of bacterial endocarditis.
AB  - Analysis of our data indicates confusion about, and lack of compliance with, the
      AHA recommendations. Clinician level of knowledge varies with issues of risk
      management and by specialty group membership. Patient groups that are
      particularly problematic include children and all patients with congenital heart
      disease, those receiving a continuing antibiotic regimen for secondary prevention
      of rheumatic fever, those with a penicillin allergy, and those with prosthetic
      heart valves. Another area of clinician uncertainty concerns dental procedures
      which may or may not be associated with the possible causation of bacterial
      endocarditis. The biodynamic principles involved in endocarditis are central to
      the structure of the AHA recommendations. These principles, as well as those
      which provide theoretical support for the loading dose, timing, sequence, and
      duration recommended by the AHA, have been presented with the hope that clinician
      compliance with these recommendations will be increased.

PMID- 6592230
TI  - An investigation of dental injuries treated in an acute care general hospital.
AB  - Longitudinal studies are required to determine the long-term effects of treatment
      and nontreatment of injured teeth. Eleven percent of subjects came for emergency
      care 21 days or more after the accident with complications of the original
      injury. It would be reasonable to advise early attendance for evaluation of any
      person suffering from accidental trauma to mouth and jaws. Fewer than 10% of
      published research reports discuss trauma to the dentofacial structures.
      Traumatology should be part of the education of health personnel.

PMID- 6592231
TI  - Natal and neonatal teeth: a clinical study.
AB  - In a survey of 18,155 infants, 7,155 of whom were examined personally, the
      prevalence of natal teeth was one in 716 for the infants examined and one in
      3,667 for those surveyed. Another group of 38 infants and children with 61 natal
      and neonatal teeth were examined prospectively. All were mandibular central
      incisors. Sixty-one percent of the subjects had a pair of natal or neonatal teeth
      (or both). Ninety-five percent of the natal and neonatal teeth were normal
      primary central incisors, and 5% were supernumerary primary central incisors.
      Initially, in 31% of the teeth, enamel dysplasia was seen, the occurrence of
      which correlated with the duration of the gingival covering. It is recommended
      that natal and neonatal teeth be left in place, if possible, and removed only if
      they are extremely mobile, such that reattachment is unlikely.

PMID- 6592232
TI  - Effects of dentists' behavior on patients' attitudes.
AB  - A group of 16 patients received Class II restorations at two different sessions.
      During one session a dentist interacted positively with the patient. During
      another session, the dentist had little interaction with the patients. Patients'
      ratings indicated that both dentists were perceived as equally competent but that
      the dentist who interacted with the patients was rated significantly better. It
      is possible that dentists will gain more satisfaction from their patients as they
      increase their interaction.

PMID- 6592233
TI  - The relationship between internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint and
      systemic joint laxity.

PMID- 6592234
TI  - Smooth-surfaced, nonpainful swelling in the buccal mucosa.
AB  - A typical example of irritation fibrosis arising in the buccal mucosa has been
      presented. Clinicians are cautioned that although this common oral lesion
      generally appears clinically in a fairly characteristic manner, to rule out a
      more serious, similar appearing disease, these lesions should be surgically
      excised and examined microscopically.

PMID- 6592235
TI  - Reported sensitivity to glass ionomer luting cements. Council on Dental
      Materials, Instruments, and Equipment.

PMID- 6592236
TI  - Hair analysis.

PMID- 6592237
TI  - A question of sensitivity.

PMID- 6592238
TI  - Vasoconstrictor preference.

PMID- 6592239
TI  - Conscious sedation. Benefits and risks.

PMID- 6592240
TI  - Dentistry and ethics: a call for attention.

PMID- 6592241
TI  - Eight-year evaluation of a combined fluoride program in a nonfluoride area.
AB  - The purpose of this study is to measure the long-term effects of a combination of
      self-applied fluoride methods among schoolchildren living in a rural area with
      low concentrations of fluoride in drinking water. Participating children rinse
      weekly with a 0.2% sodium fluoride solution and ingest daily a 1-mg fluoride
      tablet in school under supervision of their teachers, and received fluoride
      toothpaste and toothbrushes for use at home. In 1980, dental examinations of
      children ages 6-14, who had continuously participated in the program for 1 to 8
      years, depending on their school grade, had an overall mean caries prevalence of
      3.22 DMFS, 49% lower than the corresponding mean score of 6.31 DMFS for children
      of the same ages at the baseline examination. The preventive program inhibited
      decay in all types of tooth surfaces: 37% in occlusal, 41% in buccolingual, and a
      striking 86% in mesiodistal. At each succeeding follow-up survey, benefits have
      continued to improve; the reductions in caries prevalence were 18% after 2 years,
      35% after 4 years, 45% after 6 years, and 49% after 8 years. Findings in
      approximal tooth surfaces have also continued to improve as the length of the
      program has increased; reductions in caries in mesiodistal surfaces were 32%,
      69%, 85%, and 86% after 2,4,6, and 8 years, respectively. Internal analyses of
      data indicate that the decline in dental caries prevalence resulted from the
      fluoride program and not from an unexplained natural decline in caries
      prevalence. The self-applied combined fluoride regimen used in this program has
      been shown to produce a pronounced anticaries effect.

PMID- 6592242
TI  - An unusual submandibular mass--cat scratch disease: report of case.
AB  - A case of cat scratch disease, initially considered a malignant disease or an
      aggressive inflammatory lesion, is reported. The lesion was excised and the
      characteristic disease pattern was established for this patient. The paper
      discusses the natural history of the disease and presents an extensive listing of
      swellings in the lateral part of the neck.

PMID- 6592243
TI  - Hemangiopericytoma of the tongue: report of case.
AB  - A case of hemangiopericytoma of the tongue is reported. A comprehensive
      literature review regarding hemangiopericytoma of the tongue has been presented.
      Only ten cases of hemangiopericytoma of the tongue have been reported in the
      literature, including the present case, a 29-year-old male.

PMID- 6592244
TI  - The cariogenic potential of several snack foods.
AB  - The use of the animal model and the Konig-Hofer program-feeding machine is a
      valuable tool in the research effort to identify the factors contributing to
      dental caries. As this methodology provides uniform host, microflora, and
      frequency components, the food is the variable being evaluated. The relative
      cariogenicity of food is dependent on variations in the composition, texture,
      solubility, retentiveness, and ability to stimulate saliva flow. The results of
      these experiments indicated the equal importance of all food-related parameters
      on dental caries formation. If the composition of foods was solely responsible
      for dental caries formation, all three of the granola bars should have had
      similar relative cariogenicity values. This was not true. Granola bar no. 3,
      which was crispier in texture and less moist, had a third the relative
      cariogenicity value of granola bars nos. 1 and 2. As reported by other dental
      researchers, the production of dental caries is food related, but not simplistic
      in nature. Dental caries is the outcome of complicated interactions, all of which
      are equally important in the progress of this disease.

PMID- 6592245
TI  - Should dentists advise smokers to stop?
AB  - This study surveyed 391 dentists to determine their current practices with
      patients who smoke. About two-thirds of respondents (71%) said they advise
      smokers to stop. Although most respondents advised patients of negative health
      effects of smoking, few provided suggestions to patients, referred them to
      smoking cessation programs, provided self-help materials, or scheduled follow-up
      sessions. Recent evidence suggests that even brief counseling interventions can
      help some patients stop smoking.

PMID- 6592246
TI  - A well-defined coronal radiolucent area involving an impacted third molar.
AB  - The dentigerous cyst is the most common developmental odontogenic cyst and
      appears as an asymptomatic, well-defined radiolucent area surrounding the crown
      of an impacted tooth. Because of potential serious complications, lesions that
      are consistent radiographically with a dentigerous cyst should be totally removed
      and examined microscopically to establish a definitive diagnosis.

PMID- 6592247
TI  - Recommendations in dental mercury hygiene, 1984. Council on Dental Materials,
      Instruments, and Equipment.

PMID- 6592248
TI  - Retail store dentistry in the United States, 1984. Council on Dental Practice.

PMID- 6592249
TI  - Accredited dental schools. Commission on Dental Accreditation.

PMID- 6592250
TI  - [Prostaglandins and the physiology of human and animal reproduction].
AB  - This review of 417 publications in the literature covers various aspects of the
      role of prostaglandins in human and animal reproductive physiology. The author
      points out that there are a variety of prostaglandins all belonging to a family
      of substances that derive from arachadonic acid. They are present in many human
      and animal tissues, are extremely labile and are involved in reproduction in the
      ovary in follicular development and release of the follicle, in the tube in
      migration of the gametes, and in the uterus in implantation and delivery. The
      author says that the role of prostaglandins is not an exclusive one but they are
      linked with the hypothalamo-pituitary hormones, as well as with progesterone and
      oestrogens. It may be possible that PGE helps to initiate follicular development
      by stimulating the appearance of LH and FSH receptors. PGE is also luteotrophic.
      Indomethacin which is a prostaglandin inhibitor however does not modify the
      ability of LH to stimulate luteinization and maturation of the oocyte. The author
      postulates on the origin and the identification of the luteolytic factor and
      gives schematic illustration of the arterio-venous blood supply between the
      uterus and the ovary which is so important for the good function of the
      prostaglandins. It is possible that PGF type prostaglandins which are
      vasoconstrictor may reduce the flow of blood around the ovary, perhaps even
      specifically to luteal tissue. He postulates that PGF2 alpha in its relationship
      to its receptors is necessary but insufficient to explain the full luteolytic
      effect. Turning to the semen he shows that the nature and concentration of
      prostaglandins in semen varies from one species to another. He thinks that there
      is a triple role for prostaglandins with semen, which is: a participation in the
      events of ejaculation, an effect on the female genital tract, and an effect on
      the mobility of spermatozoa. He speaks of the role of prostaglandins on the
      Fallopian tubes and believes that they do have an effect on determining the
      movement of the tubes but cannot explain exactly what.

PMID- 6592251
TI  - Case of the month. Palatal abscess.

PMID- 6592252
TI  - An interdisciplinary approach of periodontal therapy combined with endodontic
      endosseous metal implant in treatment of advanced tooth mobility in human
      anterior teeth.

PMID- 6592253
TI  - Central giant cell granuloma. A case report.

PMID- 6592254
TI  - Oral myiasis. A case report.

PMID- 6592255
TI  - A retrospective study of morbidities associated with short term anaesthesia for
      dental procedures.

PMID- 6592256
TI  - Interpret your X-rays. Ossification of the stylohyoid ligaments.

PMID- 6592257
TI  - Case of the month. Necrotizing sialometaplasia.

PMID- 6592258
TI  - Pericoronitis: a study of nature and etiology.

PMID- 6592259
TI  - Central giant cell granuloma of the maxilla--a case report.

PMID- 6592260
TI  - Interpret your x-rays. Carcinoma of the antrum.

PMID- 6592261
TI  - Bone plates in the management of mandibular fractures.

PMID- 6592262
TI  - Role of fibrositis of supra and periscapular area in aetiology of brachialgia.

PMID- 6592263
TI  - Lipids in the pathogenesis of ichthyosis: topical cholesterol sulfate-induced
      scaling in hairless mice.
AB  - Although several abnormalities of lipid metabolism have been associated with
      abnormal cornification in humans, evidence that these lipids directly provoke
      abnormal scale is lacking. One recently described example of a lipid abnormality
      in ichthyosis is absence of the enzyme steroid sulfatase in recessive X-linked
      ichthyosis (RXLI). This enzyme normally desulfates cholesterol sulfate (CS) and
      sulfated steroid hormones, including dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS). As a
      result of this enzyme deficiency, patients with RXLI accumulate CS in their blood
      and skin. To determine whether sulfated sterols are the specific cause of
      increased scale, we applied CS, DHEAS, cholesterol, or vehicle alone to the backs
      of hairless mice. In animals treated with CS, but not with DHEAS or with vehicle,
      visible scale without erythema appeared after 1 week, peaked at 2 weeks, and then
      diminished. When the dose of CS was doubled, abnormal scale reappeared and then
      decreased again. CS-induced scale was reversible, clearing within 3 days of
      discontinuation of treatment. Because there was no acanthosis, dermal
      inflammation, abnormal transepidermal water loss, or increased labeling index, it
      appears that the 3-fold increase in thickness of the stratum corneum in CS
      treated animals is due to a direct effect on this layer.

PMID- 6592264
TI  - [Dental occlusion and periodontal disease].

PMID- 6592265
TI  - [Dental occlusion and oral surgery].

PMID- 6592266
TI  - [Management of advanced periodontal disease].

PMID- 6592267
TI  - [Sialography: an analysis of microradiography of the mouse parotid gland].

PMID- 6592268
TI  - [Observations on the structure and differences in calcification of the lamellar
      bone of human alveolar bone].

PMID- 6592269
TI  - [Apicoectomy by retrograde guttapercha filling].

PMID- 6592270
TI  - [Observations on the formation of horny teeth of the lamprey, Entosphenus
      japonicus].

PMID- 6592271
TI  - [Experimental study on porous apatite as artificial bone. Experiment on
      implantation in the mandible].

PMID- 6592272
TI  - [Histological investigation of apatite ceramics used as immediate endosseous
      implant].

PMID- 6592273
TI  - [Pressure on the lingual edge of the denture base during swallowing].

PMID- 6592274
TI  - [Gingival and mucosal changes in pulpitis].

PMID- 6592275
TI  - [HLA in oral diseases].

PMID- 6592276
TI  - [Stenotic pulp cavity following traumatic injuries to the permanent teeth at an
      early age].

PMID- 6592277
TI  - [Compression resistance as an indicator in measuring the strength of dental
      materials].

PMID- 6592278
TI  - [Osteonectin--non-collagenous protein of the bone].

PMID- 6592279
TI  - [Neural crest cells in the head of mammals].

PMID- 6592280
TI  - [Isolation and identification of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in Korean
      localized juvenile periodontitis (I)].

PMID- 6592281
TI  - [An electron microscopy study of the effect of 5-fluorouracil on the fibroblasts
      of rat periodontal ligament].

PMID- 6592282
TI  - Modulation of rabbit neutrophil aggregation and degranulation by free fatty
      acids.
AB  - We have examined the effects of free fatty acids on the unstimulated and N-formyl
      methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (f-Met-Leu-Phe) stimulated rabbit neutrophil
      aggregation and degranulation. As previously reported, arachidonic acid was found
      to induce by itself an aggregatory response, and in the presence of cytochalasin
      B, a degranulation response from the neutrophils. The aggregatory property, but
      not the secretory activity of arachidonic acid, was shared by oleic acid,
      linoleic acid, linolenic acid, linoelaidic acid, and lauric acid but not by
      elaidic acid, caproic acid, stearic acid, and arachidic acid. In addition,
      several free fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic
      acid, and linoelaidic acid) were found to inhibit the aggregatory and secretory
      responses of the neutrophils to the addition of f-Met-Leu-Phe. Caproic acid and
      lauric acid were found to stimulate to a small extent the aggregatory response of
      the neutrophils to f-Met-Leu-Phe and to leave unaffected their secretory
      response. Elaidic acid, stearic acid, and arachidic acid, on the other hand, left
      both stimulated responses unaffected. These results demonstrate that at least two
      neutrophil functions can be modulated (both positively and negatively) by free
      fatty acids.

PMID- 6592284
TI  - The Reticuloendothelial Society twenty-first national meeting. Montreal, Canada,
      October 14-17,1984. Abstracts.

PMID- 6592283
TI  - Recombinant inbred mouse strains derived from A/J and C57BL/6J: a tool for the
      study of genetic mechanisms in host resistance to infection and malignancy.
AB  - A number of recombinant inbred mouse strains (currently 48) have been developed
      from the strains A/J and C57BL/6J. These strains are likely to become an
      excellent probe in the study of genetic mechanisms underlying host resistance to
      infections and tumors.

PMID- 6592285
TI  - Fibronectin-enhanced attachment of gelatin-coated erythrocytes to isolated
      hepatic Kupffer cells.
AB  - The phagocytic process is a combination of a sequence of events which includes a
      recognition attachment phase and a subsequent internalization phase. The present
      study was designed to investigate the effect of plasma fibronectin on the
      attachment and ingestion of gelatinized sheep erythrocytes to isolated rat
      Kupffer cells in a monolayer assay. Kupffer cells were isolated by sequential
      collagenase-pronase digestion followed by metrizamide density gradient
      centrifugation and subsequent adherence to plastic. Classification as Kupffer
      cells was confirmed by the presence of functional Fc receptors, a positive
      peroxidase reaction, and phagocytic activity. Purified plasma fibronectin as well
      as rat serum containing fibronectin promoted attachment of gelatinized fixed
      sheep erythrocytes to Kupffer cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas
      fibronectin-deficient serum did not. Heparin did not enhance the fibronectin
      mediated attachment or ingestion of gelatinized sheep erythrocytes at lower
      particle doses, whereas at higher particle doses heparin augmented the response.
      These results indicate that fibronectin can enhance the binding and ingestion of
      foreign gelatin-coated particulates by Kupffer cells.

PMID- 6592286
TI  - The iron-hydrogen peroxide-iodide system is fungicidal: activity against the
      yeast phase of Blastomyces dermatitidis.
AB  - A series of experiments show the potency of a newly described microbicidal
      system, involving iron, H2O2, and halide, in killing a fungus (Blastomyces
      dermatitidis). B dermatitidis has previously been shown susceptible to the
      myeloperoxidase-H2O2-halide system. The present studies show killing of either of
      two strains in 1 hour if Fe++ at 5 X 10(-5)M, H2O2 at 5 X 10(-5)M and Kl at 5 X
      10(-4)M are all present (P less than 0.001). EDTA, a Fe++ chelator, abrogates
      killing. The mechanism presumably utilizes hydroxyl radical, since an inhibitor,
      ethanol, also neutralizes the system. The bactericidal and fungicidal system is
      of great potential importance in vivo.

PMID- 6592287
TI  - Functions of neutrophils in endemic Chediak-Higashi syndrome.
AB  - Endemic Chediak-Higashi Syndrome occurs in a restricted geographic area
      (Pregonero, State of Tachira, Venezuela). Neutrophils from these patients were
      unable to digest Candida albicans in vitro, but showed normal or increased
      metabolic activities. This finding supports the view that the endemic syndrome is
      bona fide Chediak-Higashi Syndrome.

PMID- 6592288
TI  - Histocompatibility antigens in familial multiple sclerosis in a high-risk area of
      the disease.
AB  - Fourteen Finnish families, each with two or more cases of multiple sclerosis
      (MS), were analysed for HLA antigens. Seventy family members were studied. They
      were all born in a high-risk area of MS and came from families with an unusually
      high frequency of MS. The frequencies of B7, B12 and DR2 were increased both in
      patients and their healthy relatives, whereas A1, B8 and DR1 were decreased in
      patients. MS patients shared the HLA haplotypes more often than expected.

PMID- 6592289
TI  - Studies on the reaction of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and 2-hydroxyethyl
      methacrylate and on the physical properties of its polymer.

PMID- 6592290
TI  - Age estimation from dental attrition and state of dental treatment--by
      application of the theory of quantification type I.

PMID- 6592291
TI  - A study on tooth marks--on the reproducibility and identification of tooth marks
      by means of a three dimensional measuring instrument.

PMID- 6592292
TI  - Ampicillin concentrations in human serum and dental pulp following a single oral
      administration.

PMID- 6592294
TI  - Xe-133 rebreathing system for ventilation studies on ventilator-assisted
      patients.
AB  - We describe a manually operated system, simple to assemble, that will enable
      xenon-133 lung ventilation studies to be performed on ventilator-assisted
      patients. It can be constructed from items readily available. Radiation exposure
      levels to the operator were measured and are reported.

PMID- 6592293
TI  - Gallium-67 uptake by the liver: studies using isolated rat hepatocytes and
      perfused livers.
AB  - We studied the hepatic uptake of carrier-free Ga-67 using isolated rat
      hepatocytes and perfused livers. The results indicate that: (a) the liver can
      take up Ga-67 and secrete it into the bile, even in the absence of transferrin;
      (b) transferrin inhibits hepatic uptake of Ga-67 and its biliary excretion; and
      (c) iron deficiency markedly enhances hepatic uptake of Ga-67.

PMID- 6592295
TI  - Pharmacological considerations for the elderly patient.

PMID- 6592296
TI  - Effects of smokeless tobacco on the immune system of Syrian hamsters.

PMID- 6592297
TI  - Impacted mandibular cuspid and lateral incisor: report of an unusual case.

PMID- 6592298
TI  - Ultrastructural features of oral condyloma acuminatum.

PMID- 6592299
TI  - The median palatal cyst: does it exist? Report of three cases with oro-medical
      implications.

PMID- 6592300
TI  - The organ of Chievitz: its importance in the microscopic diagnosis of oral
      carcinoma.

PMID- 6592301
TI  - An unusually located early peripheral ameloblastoma.

PMID- 6592302
TI  - Cheilitis glandularis.

PMID- 6592303
TI  - Treatment of oral lichen planus with topical vitamin A acid.

PMID- 6592304
TI  - Salicylic acid in alcohol in the treatment of benign superficial migratory
      glossitis.

PMID- 6592305
TI  - Advancement genioplasty with and without soft tissue pedicle: An experimental
      investigation.
AB  - To determine whether maintaining a soft tissue pedicle to the genial segment
      decreases the amount of bone resorption following an advancement genioplasty, 12
      rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) underwent advancement genioplasty of 5-6 mm. The
      insertion of the digastric musculature and lingual soft tissues on the genial
      segment was maintained in six of the animals, and six had all soft tissues
      stripped. Cephalometric analysis of remodeling in the anterior part of the
      mandible indicated that the pedicled genial segments underwent significantly less
      resorption than the free graft segments (P less than 0.05). The results of this
      study indicate that soft tissue pedicles to the genial segments should be
      maintained during advancement genioplasty to minimize the amount of bone
      resorption in the post-operative period.

PMID- 6592306
TI  - Comparison of sedation, amnesia, and patient comfort produced by intravenous and
      rectal diazepam.
AB  - In a cross-over study, intravenous diazepam was compared with rectal diazepam for
      sedation in outpatient oral surgery. Fifty-four operations were performed on 27
      patients. Recovery from sedation, experience during the postoperative course,
      amnesia, estimation of the sedative effect, and patient preference of method of
      sedation were studied. The recovery times of the sedation methods did not differ.
      Sedative effects after the first operation were estimated as good by 87% of
      patients given intravenous sedation and by 75% of those given rectal sedation.
      However, there was a significant relationship between the subjective experience
      of stronger sedative effect and preference of sedation method that favored the
      intravenous technique. The degree of amnesia was significantly higher during
      intravenous sedation, but a high degree of amnesia was not related to patients'
      preference for a sedation method. Neither sedation method produced any local side
      effects.

PMID- 6592307
TI  - Changes in electromyographic activity following superior repositioning of the
      maxilla.
AB  - Surgical reduction of lower anterior facial height may alter several aspects of
      jaw muscle function. This study examined the biomechanics, electromyographic
      activity, and maximal bite forces in three patients manifesting vertical
      maxillary excess prior to and six months following superior repositioning of the
      maxilla. Reduction of lower anterior facial height by Le Fort I osteotomy tends
      to increase mechanical advantage of the jaw adductor muscles. It may also
      decrease muscle activity during isometric biting. It does not appear to alter the
      maximal isometric bite force.

PMID- 6592308
TI  - Healing of the bone incision following Le Fort I osteotomy.
AB  - A histologic evaluation of punch biopsies from the osteotomy sites of five
      patients who had undergone a Le Fort I procedure was performed. Results of the
      evaluation indicated that the area between the segments healed with mature
      compact bone.

PMID- 6592309
TI  - Subanesthetic doses of ketamine, diazepam, and nitrous oxide for adult outpatient
      sedation.
AB  - The use of ketamine in adults has been complicated by untoward hallucinatory
      emergence reactions. The addition of nitrous oxide and diazepam to subanesthetic
      doses of ketamine may be effective in decreasing these reactions. Adult patients
      were sedated for outpatient oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures using
      nitrous oxide, diazepam, and either fentanyl or ketamine. Postoperative
      questionnaires were used to evaluate hallucinatory reactions, amnesia, and
      patient acceptance. Comparison of the results of patients receiving ketamine and
      those receiving fentanyl revealed no statistical differences in hallucinatory
      reactions or patient acceptance. Amnesia was more complete in the ketamine than
      the fentanyl group.

PMID- 6592310
TI  - An improved method for treatment of facial asymmetry secondary to jaw deformity.
AB  - Current methods of treating facial asymmetry secondary to jaw deformity do not
      take into consideration asymmetry in the gonial angle areas. An instrument was
      developed for measuring such asymmetry. A second instrument was developed that
      permits predictable repositioning of the jaws during surgical correction. Use of
      these two instruments is illustrated in eight cases. Results suggest that it is
      now possible to correct facial asymmetry, including posterior facial asymmetry,
      in a one-stage surgical procedure.

PMID- 6592311
TI  - Septicemia secondary to administration of a contaminated intravenous fluid.
AB  - The clinical entities of bacterial contamination, septicemia, and septic shock
      have been discussed, and an unusual case of septic shock has been presented. The
      associated risks of intravenous delivery of drugs or fluids are stressed.

PMID- 6592312
TI  - Massive tongue necrosis secondary to temporal arteritis.
AB  - A case of unusually massive necrosis of the tongue secondary to temporal
      arteritis is presented. The clinician must include temporal arteritis in the
      differential diagnosis of patients presenting with signs and symptoms of tongue
      ischemia.

PMID- 6592313
TI  - Intramuscular myxoma of the masseter.

PMID- 6592314
TI  - Endotracheal tube obstruction due to impaction of the inferior turbinate.
AB  - A case of inferior turbinate impaction in a nasoendotracheal tube is presented.
      This is an additional potentially lethal complication associated with general
      anesthesia.

PMID- 6592315
TI  - A stepped technique for splitting of the lower lip.

PMID- 6592316
TI  - Dynamic responses of the tooth and mandible to occlusal force.

PMID- 6592318
TI  - Immunologic profile of juvenile periodontitis. I. Lymphocyte blastogenesis and
      the autologous mixed lymphocyte response.
AB  - Studies of blastogenesis of lymphocytes in culture from juvenile periodontitis
      (JP) patients have been inconclusive. Experiments demonstrating differences in
      lymphocyte blastogenesis to preparations of putative periodontopathogens in JP
      and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) were performed. Variables in the blastogenesis
      assay system recently reported were controlled which included using a range of
      cell and activator concentrations, incubation times of 3, 5 and 7 days, conical
      bottomed microtest wells and chemical inhibitors during labeling of DNA which
      permits accurate assessment of lymphocyte blastogenesis. Using these modified
      culture conditions, stimulated lymphocytes of localized (LJP) and generalized
      (GJP) forms of JP patients did not differ significantly from stimulated
      lymphocytes of healthy subjects in counts incorporated, stimulation index,
      incubation time, cell concentration or activator dose required for maximal
      blastogenesis to bacterial preparations of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
      (Y-4), Bacteroides gingivalis, Capnocytophaga ochraceus, Fusobacterium nucleatum,
      Streptococcus sanguis and Treponema denticola. Unstimulated lymphocyte cultures
      reflecting the autologous mixed lymphocyte response (AMLR) were increased for LJP
      compared to healthy subjects although not statistically significant. Unstimulated
      lymphocyte cultures of GJP were decreased compared to healthy subjects and LJP (P
      less than 0.05). These observations indicate that GJP patients may have
      abnormalities in T- and B-lymphocyte regulatory mechanisms.

PMID- 6592317
TI  - Lack of significance of increased tooth mobility in experimental periodontitis.
AB  - This experiment was carried out in order to study the rate of progression of
      experimentally produced periodontal tissue breakdown in teeth which prior to the
      placement of cotton floss ligatures either had a normal or a permanently
      increased tooth mobility. Six beagle dogs were used. Trauma from occlusion of the
      jiggling type was produced on test teeth using a model previously described. Four
      months later experimental periodontal tissue breakdown was induced around both
      control and test teeth by placing cotton floss ligatures around the necks of the
      teeth. The ligatures which were exchanged once every 4 weeks during a 4-month
      period were replaced at the level of the gingival margin. Tooth mobility
      measurements and radiographic examinations were performed on Days 0, 30, 60, 90,
      120, 160, 240 and 300. One dog was killed on Day 120 and the remaining 5 dogs on
      Day 300. Biopsies of the test and control teeth were fixed in formalin,
      decalcified, embedded in paraffin and mesiodistal sections cut with the microtome
      set at 4 micron. The results demonstrated that the degree of periodontal
      breakdown, initiated and maintained by ligature placement and plaque
      accumulation, was similar around teeth with a wide periodontal ligament space and
      in teeth with a normal width of the periodontium. In other words, progression of
      the plaque-associated lesions appeared to be unrelated to the width of the
      periodontal ligament space, i.e., to the degree of horizontal tooth mobility.

PMID- 6592319
TI  - Clinical manifestations of hypervitaminosis A in human gingiva. A case report.
AB  - Periodontal inflammation caused by excessive doses of vitamin A was studied in a
      patient who had taken 200,000 international units daily for more than 6 months.
      Clinical manifestations of the disease disappeared when the use of vitamin A was
      interrupted. The role of vitamin A as a factor in periodontal inflammation is
      discussed.

PMID- 6592320
TI  - The relationship between periodontitis and the maxillary sinus.
AB  - This article presents a short review of the literature describing the
      relationship of periodontal disease and the maxillary sinus. This is followed by
      two case reports which demonstrate a close physical relationship between molar
      roots and the sinus and suggest that a sinusitis may develop from the extension
      of periodontal disease into the maxillary sinus. Further investigation of this
      hypothesis is necessary.

PMID- 6592321
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the Prophy-Jet as an instrument for routine removal of
      tooth stain and plaque.
AB  - The Prophy-Jet was evaluated for its effectiveness in removing plaque and stain
      from teeth and on its effects on the marginal gingiva. Using a randomized split
      mouth design, half the mouth was treated with the Prophy-Jet and the
      contralateral side with a rubber cup and prophylaxis paste. The results indicated
      that the Prophy-Jet removes tooth plaque and stain as well as the rubber cup and
      prophylaxis paste method, and does so in less time. It was also found that there
      was some immediate soft tissue trauma following both treatment modalities, with a
      mean Trauma Index score of 0.23 not equal to 0.16 for the rubber cup and
      prophylaxis paste and 0.75 not equal to 0.37 for the Prophy-Jet. Within 6 days,
      the trauma index scores were not significantly different. Similar results were
      found for marginal gingival redness and bleeding on probing. The Prophy-Jet is an
      excellent alternative instrument for removal of tooth stain and dental plaque.

PMID- 6592322
TI  - Periodontal treatment without maintenance. A retrospective study in 44 patients.
AB  - This study presents our findings on 44 patients who were treated for periodontal
      disease and for varying reasons elected not to participate in the maintenance
      aspect of periodontal care. All patients were initially given intensive
      instructions in personal oral hygiene, along with initial scaling and root
      planing. Each patient had two or more quadrants of pocket reduction therapy.
      Tooth mortality revealed a mean annual adjusted tooth loss rate of 0.22 (4.7%).
      Between examinations, breakdown in the health status of furcations was noted.
      Mean probing depth scores at the second examination showed no significant
      differences from the first examination scores. Measurements of bone levels
      revealed a worsening of bone scores between examinations. The results of this
      study show that periodontal therapy without maintenance is of little value in
      terms of restoring periodontal health.

PMID- 6592323
TI  - Chronic treatment with hydrogen peroxide. Is it safe?
AB  - The regular application of hydrogen peroxide to gingival tissues is becoming
      widely used as part of dental hygiene. Since hydrogen peroxide can be toxic under
      certain experimental conditions, proof of both safety and efficacy of its chronic
      administration should be available before prescription to the general public.

PMID- 6592324
TI  - Parotid saliva agglutinins for sheep erythrocytes as a measure of ongoing
      inflammation in periodontal disease.
AB  - The level of parotid saliva agglutinins to sheep erythrocytes (PSAE) may be
      directly related to the severity of ongoing inflammation. PSAE were titrated in a
      population of 19 individuals with no clinical evidence of gingivitis or
      periodontitis. In these normal individuals PSAE were detected at an average
      salivary dilution of 1:8. However, 31 patients receiving treatment for
      periodontitis had PSAE at an average dilution of 1:26. Furthermore, the parotid
      saliva of those periodontal patients had significantly higher IgA and protein
      concentrations than the healthy group. The salivary flow rate and the IgA to
      protein ratio were similar in both groups. The elevated titer of PSAE may be due
      in part to heterogenic stimulation of B cells in periodontal tissues and
      therefore may be related to the rate of the ongoing inflammatory disease process.

PMID- 6592325
TI  - Oxygen tension (pO2) in untreated human periodontal pockets.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to assess the oxygen tension in untreated human
      periodontal pockets and test the hypothesis that the subgingival environmental is
      anaerobic in nature. Twenty-six patients with advanced chronic inflammatory
      periodontal disease participated. A total of 111 untreated pockets, 5 to 10 mm in
      depth, were selected for the pO2 measurements. Pocket depths, Plaque-Index and
      Gingival-Index were recorded. The pO2 at the base of the 111 pockets ranged from
      5 to 27 mm Hg, with an average of 13.3 mm Hg (1.8% O2). Mean pocket depth was 6.9
      mm. Moderately deep pockets (5-6 mm) had a mean pO2 of 15.0 mm Hg, whereas deep
      pockets (7-10 mm) showed a significantly lower pO2 of 11.6 mm Hg. No correlation
      was found between the pO2 and the Plaque-Index. Higher Gingival-Index scores
      tended to be associated with higher pO2 values. The pO2 in untreated periodontal
      pockets was low. However, it does not represent a completely anaerobic
      environment. Deep pockets contained less oxygen than moderately deep sites.

PMID- 6592326
TI  - Dentin permeability. Effects of desensitizing dentifrices in vitro.
AB  - Patients using placebo dentifrices in clinical trials usually show a significant
      decrease in dentin sensitivity over a 2- to 4-week period. If their sensitivity
      were due to hydrodynamic fluid movement, then the results suggest that there was
      a decrease in their dentin permeability. This hypothesis was tested in vitro by
      measuring the ease with which fluid could flow (i.e., hydraulic conductance)
      across dentin discs before and after brushing the discs with a variety of
      dentifrices, including most of the marketed densensitizing dentifrices. All
      dentifrices decreased the hydraulic conductance of dentin. An experimental
      dentifrice containing oxalate as the active ingredient was far more effective
      than any of the marketed dentifrices. The results tend to support the hypothesis
      that, at least part of the reduction in clinical sensitivity in patients with
      hypersensitive dentin is due to the abrasive action of the dentifrice.

PMID- 6592327
TI  - Arachidonic acid metabolism in inflamed gingiva and its inhibition by anti
      inflammatory drugs.
AB  - Prostaglandin (PG) synthetase inhibitors are tissue-selective. Therefore, the
      action of four nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) was tested against PG
      synthesis from 14C-arachidonic acid by gingival homogenate. Suprofen and tolmetin
      sodium did not significantly inhibit PGs at any of the three concentration levels
      used (10(-7), 10(-5), 10(-3) M), whereas flurbiprofen and zomepirac sodium did
      significantly inhibit PG formation at millimolar concentration. The results,
      coupled with our previous study on indomethacin, piroxicam and ibuprofen open the
      way for future tests of NSAIDs in treatment of gingival inflammation and
      periodontal disease.

PMID- 6592328
TI  - Human neutrophil migration under agarose to bacteria associated with the
      development of gingivitis.
AB  - In clinically healthy gingiva and increasingly with the development of
      inflammation, neutrophils are found in the gingival tissues and sulcus. This
      study evaluated the relative ability of bacteria associated with gingival health
      and developing inflammation to stimulate this increase in neutrophil
      accumulation. Dialyzed bacterial sonic extracts (BE) in buffer and pooled human
      serum (PHS) from pure cultures of Streptococcus sanguis. Actinomyces viscosus, A
      naeslundii, Bacteroides intermedius, Fusobacterium sp and Veillonella sp were
      tested for stimulation of human neutrophil migration under agarose. In addition,
      fractions of S sanguis culture fluids (CFs) from Sephadex G-10 chromatography
      were evaluated. All BE solutions were incubated for 1 hour at 37 degrees C and
      heat-inactivated prior to testing. All BEs in buffer attracted neutrophils, with
      the greatest responses seen to S sanguis and B intermedius followed by A
      viscosus. Migration to all BEs in PHS was greater than in buffer, suggesting that
      all BEs are capable of generating serum chemoattractants. A viscosus BE activated
      serum attractants to the greatest degree. CFs of S sanguis, A viscosus, and to a
      lesser degree, Fusobacterium sp, also attracted neutrophils. Evidence from
      [3H]FMLP competitive ligand-binding assays indicated that S sanguis CFs contained
      low molecular weight (less than 700) chemoattractants, which were probably
      formylmethionyl oligopeptide-like materials. Of the bacteria associated with
      health, S sanguis and A viscosus appeared at least as able to generate
      chemoattractants during growth or with exposure to serum as bacteria associated
      with gingivitis. This observation suggests that these "healthy" bacteria, which
      are found in greater numbers with developing inflammation, may mediate increased
      neutrophil transmigration in early disease.

PMID- 6592329
TI  - Relaxin inhibits the plateau component of the action potential in the circular
      myometrium of the rat.
AB  - The effects of relaxin on contractility and membrane potential of the
      longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers of the uterus have been studied in
      vitro using oestrogen-treated, non-pregnant rats and pregnant rats. Relaxin
      decreased the amplitude of contractions induced by electrical stimulation of
      longitudinal myometrium by decreasing the duration of the bursts of action
      potentials. This effect was transient and tachyphylaxis always developed and was
      observed following injection of steroids and up to day 17 of pregnancy. There was
      no inhibition of tissues from rats from day 18 of pregnancy to term. The peptide
      had no effect on resting membrane potential, space constant or time constant.
      Action potentials recorded from circular myometrium of non-pregnant rats pre
      treated with oestrogen consisted of an initial spike or short burst of spikes
      followed by a prolonged plateau of depolarization. Spontaneous action potentials
      and associated contractions were abolished within 2 min of exposure to relaxin
      (10(-8) g/ml) while contractions of much smaller amplitude could be evoked with
      depolarizing current pulses. This effect was associated with depression of the
      plateau component of the action potential whereas the spike component was left
      intact. Relaxin had no effect on passive membrane properties. The action
      potentials of circular myometrium of rats up to day 21 of pregnancy were
      qualitatively similar to those recorded in the same muscle layer from oestrogen
      treated, non-pregnant rats and the plateau component was also blocked by relaxin
      in these tissues. Bursts of spikes were observed in circular strips 24-36 h
      before parturition, and the effect of the peptide on these was a transient
      inhibition similar to that observed in longitudinal myometrium. Oxytocin
      increased the amplitude of the spike and the amplitude and duration of the
      plateau. Relaxin abolished the plateau in the presence of 10(-11) and 10(-10) M
      oxytocin but was ineffective when the concentration of the spasmogen was
      increased further. Prostaglandin F2 alpha increased the amplitude and duration of
      the plateau. Relaxin abolished the responses to 10(-10) and 10(-9) M
      prostaglandin F2 alpha. The results of this study demonstrate that relaxin
      specifically inhibits contractions in the circular layer of the myometrium by
      abolishing the plateau component of the action potential. This action appears to
      be different from that of other smooth muscle relaxants tested in these
      experiments (isoprenaline, papaverine and verapamil). All of these abolished
      simultaneously both the spike and plateau components of the action potential.

PMID- 6592330
TI  - Effect of aldosterone on urinary kallikrein and prostaglandin excretion in the
      rat.
AB  - In an attempt to study the interrelationship between aldosterone, Na balance,
      prostaglandin (PG) and kallikrein excretion, we investigated the influence of
      adrenalectomy and aldosterone administration on kallikrein and PG excretion
      during dietary manipulation of extracellular volume in Sprague-Dawley rats.
      Adrenalectomy decreased while aldosterone administration increased urinary
      kallikrein and PG excretion during both low and high Na intake. Aldosterone
      induced a prompt change in Na/K ratio; however, kallikrein and PG excretion
      increased gradually during the 7 days of treatment. When the animals were forced
      into a negative Na balance during the administration of aldosterone by reducing
      their Na intake, kallikrein and PG excretion still increased but to a lesser
      extent than on a constant diet. In adrenalectomized rats given only vehicle,
      shifting the diet to a low Na intake caused a decrease in kallikrein and PG
      excretion. Corticosterone failed to correct the changes evoked by adrenalectomy,
      and it did not reproduce the effects of aldosterone. It is concluded that the
      effect of aldosterone on kallikrein and PG excretion is not mediated by changes
      in extracellular volume; however, in the absence of aldosterone a change in Na
      balance itself may influence kallikrein and PG excretion.

PMID- 6592331
TI  - Surface resistance to abrasion of preformed laminate resin veneers.
AB  - Preformed laminate resin veneers should be adapted closely to the teeth to reduce
      the thickness of the composite layer. Minimal voids at the composite, veneer, and
      tooth junctional margin will result. Composite resins are difficult to finish,
      but laminate veneer can be highly polished. Poorly finished veneer surfaces
      appear to abrade to a smoother surface with toothbrushing while poorly finished
      composite surfaces remain rough. To reduce material loss from abrasion, the
      veneer restoration should be highly polished. Polishing the veneer at the
      gingival margin is particularly important to gingival health. Only rough veneer
      surfaces will be improved by toothbrushing abrasion. Special instructions should
      be given to patients with laminated veneers to reinforce proper oral hygiene and
      to discourage use of highly abrasive dentifrices. Continued monitoring of plaque
      accumulation should minimize problems related to oral hygiene.

PMID- 6592332
TI  - Effects of topical fluorides on five low-fusing dental porcelains.

PMID- 6592333
TI  - Effect of citric acid pretreatment on dentinal cavity walls.

PMID- 6592334
TI  - Resistance of calcium hydroxide preparations to solubility in phosphoric acid.

PMID- 6592335
TI  - Delayed "hygroscopic" expansion of gypsum products.

PMID- 6592336
TI  - Possible role of tensile stress in the etiology of cervical erosive lesions of
      teeth.
AB  - A tensile stress hypothesis for the etiology of idiopathic cervical erosions of
      human teeth is presented. It is proposed that when occlusion is not ideal,
      lateral forces cause the teeth to bend. The tensile stresses created during
      bending disrupt the chemical bonds of the crystalline structures of enamel and
      dentin. Small molecules may enter between the crystals and prevent the
      reestablishment of the chemical bonds. As a result, the disrupted tooth structure
      is more susceptible to loss through dissolution and abrasion and results in the
      development of the typically wedge-shaped lesions. Patients with lesions typical
      of hundreds examined by the authors were presented to illustrate the concept. The
      possible consequences of the proposed hypothesis were discussed. The hypothetical
      conclusions made in this article will be tested by experimentation.

PMID- 6592338
TI  - Relations between edentulous rest position and complete denture intercuspal
      position.

PMID- 6592337
TI  - Increased vertical dimension and speech articulation errors.

PMID- 6592339
TI  - Cranial implant modification.
AB  - This technique combines the heat-cured resin system with an autopolymerizing
      resin system (Cranioplast). Cranioplast has been used since the early 1950s.
      Clinical trials have shown that it evoked the least severe inflammatory response
      when compared with other autopolymerizing methyl methacrylate systems. The
      advantage inherent in this technique is the ability to go to the operating room
      with a prefabricated heat-cured acrylic resin prosthesis and alter the implant
      with Cranioplast for excellent adaptation to the defect. The technique provides a
      well-fitting cranial implant prosthesis with good cosmetic results.

PMID- 6592340
TI  - Prosthetic treatment of earlobe keloids.
AB  - An ear clip prosthesis has been developed for maintaining pressure on earlobe
      keloids before and after surgical removal. The prosthesis includes an ear clip to
      which heat-polymerized acrylic resin is attached, which covers the keloid area.

PMID- 6592341
TI  - Ultrastructural study of the attachment of human gingiva to titanium in vivo.
AB  - A study was conducted to determine if the behavior of epithelium in vitro is
      similar to its attachment behavior in vivo by the use of small sections of
      titanium-coated implants that could be inserted in human gingiva. The size of the
      implants allowed their insertion in a limited region and enabled the fixation and
      embedding procedures that are necessary for electron microscopy to be effective.
      Examination of the thin sections obtained from this material demonstrated that
      the epithelial cells attached to titanium in a manner similar to that observed in
      vitro and similar to the way that epithelium attaches to the tooth in vivo (Fig.
      2). That is, there was a formation of hemidesmosomes and basal lamina. Because
      the ability of the oral epithelium to form such an attachment with an implant may
      be a crucial factor in the determination of clinical success or failure, this
      study provides further evidence that one reason for the apparent clinical success
      of titanium dental implants may lie in the firm attachment of epithelial cells to
      this material.

PMID- 6592342
TI  - Influence of cervical posture on mandibular movement.

PMID- 6592343
TI  - Head position for transcranial temporomandibular joint radiographs.
AB  - Proper angulation is important for clear transcranial TMJ radiographs. Because of
      individual anatomic variations, it is essential that a variable head positioner
      device be used. Variations in the vertical and horizontal angulation of the x-ray
      beam will affect the relative position of the TMJ, the petrous line, and the
      posterior clinoid process (Fig. 11). If other anatomic structures are
      superimposed on the condyle and fossa, interpretation of normal or pathologic
      anatomy may not be possible.

PMID- 6592344
TI  - Computer-based analysis of the single chewing cycle during mastication in
      repeated registrations.
AB  - A new computer-based analysis of the single chewing cycle was described as a
      complement to the Selspot system used for recording mandibular movements. Fifteen
      adults took part in a clinical investigation of masticatory movements recorded in
      two sessions with an interval of about 4 weeks. The analysis of the single cycle
      was performed in regard to chewing rhythm, mandibular displacement, and velocity;
      the results showed agreement with earlier published results. Most parameters
      showed agreement between the two registrations, but there was an indication of a
      weak adaptation to the test situation that should not be disregarded in repeated
      test situations.

PMID- 6592345
TI  - Interocclusal distance determined by electromyographic biofeedback compared with
      conventional methods.

PMID- 6592346
TI  - Customized shade guide.
AB  - The technique described provides the dentist with a customized shade guide for
      each patient. A shade selection is made before the preparation appointment. The
      laboratory can supply the dentist with a preview of the finished restoration
      (Fig. 4) to provide a second chance to match tooth shades without an extra
      appointment or remakes.

PMID- 6592347
TI  - A quick method for processing MDX-4-4210 silicone rubber.
AB  - An alternative method for processing MDX-4-4210 silicone elastomer that
      eliminates the recommended de-airing phase has been described. As a result, it is
      possible to have the processed prosthesis in hand in 30 minutes or less (in small
      prostheses). In addition, the use of a relatively large and costly vacuum machine
      is avoided. No clinical differences with respect to stability, strength, or
      duration between prostheses processed in this manner or the standard method have
      been noted.

PMID- 6592348
TI  - Leukaemia in chronic uraemia (a case report).

PMID- 6592349
TI  - Bulimia. Controlling compulsive eating.

PMID- 6592350
TI  - Oral health of children of migrant farm workers in northwest Michigan.
AB  - A considerable number of Hispanic agricultural workers come to Northwest Michigan
      during the summer every year to harvest fruit and vegetable crops. The Department
      of Community Dentistry of The University of Michigan School of Dentistry helps
      provide dental services for these migrant workers and their families. Some 203
      five-to-14-year-old children of migrant farm workers were examined for caries and
      periodontal condition and the results compared with recent national surveys.
      Traditional indicators of dental caries experience (DMFT/dft and DMFS/dfs
      indices), periodontal disease (PI), and oral cleanliness (OHI-S) were used by one
      examiner. These migrant children presented higher numbers of decayed teeth and
      lower numbers of restored teeth than United States schoolchildren generally.
      Migrant children also presented less caries-free teeth and higher PI and OHI-S
      scores than United States children generally.

PMID- 6592351
TI  - Prevalence of nontraditional dental hygiene practice.
AB  - There is little knowledge of the number or the work characteristics of dental
      hygienists outside the private-practice setting. This survey was conducted to
      determine the percentage of hygienists practicing in nontraditional (nonprivate
      practice) settings and the types of settings in which they are employed. Mail
      questionnaires were returned from a total of 21,847 (56.9%) of the hygienists in
      the survey sample. The percentage of active hygienists practicing in
      nontraditional settings was 11.8. Dental or dental hygiene schools, and
      government and nongovernment-supported clinics were the most frequent
      nontraditional practice settings. State supervision requirements were found to be
      associated significantly with the prevalence of nontraditional hygiene practice.

PMID- 6592352
TI  - A national survey of dental public health services in local health departments: a
      report of findings.

PMID- 6592353
TI  - The school-based dental care systems of New Zealand and South Australia--a decade
      of change.
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to review and update the highly successful school
      based dental care systems of the country of New Zealand and the state of South
      Australia. These school-based systems have undergone changes in the past 10
      years. The New Zealand Dental Service has greatly reduced the number of dental
      nurses in training. Declining birth rates, changes in disease patterns, revision
      of diagnostic criteria, and longer employment trends in women have all had an
      impact on the system. The South Australian School Dental Service has expanded
      rapidly in recent years to serve a high percentage of eligible South Australian
      children. This system also is responding to these factors with flexible programs
      to meet new trends. Both systems are examples of comprehensive programs of
      quality dental care that dissolve away SES utilization differences providing
      equal access to continuity of care for all children.

PMID- 6592354
TI  - Dental sealants.

PMID- 6592355
TI  - A century of water fluoridation in Jacksonville, Florida evidence of safety and
      effectiveness.

PMID- 6592356
TI  - Dentist oversupply (?), dentistry, and dental public health.

PMID- 6592357
TI  - Problems with the MMPI.

PMID- 6592358
TI  - Psychological status in primary fibrositis and fibrositis associated with
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Psychological status was investigated in 46 primary fibrositis (PF) patients, 32
      with fibrositis occurring in association with rheumatoid arthritis (RAFIB) and in
      76 control patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Groups were similar in tests of
      life stresses: Family Inventory of Life Events, Multidimensional Health Locus of
      Control, and self-motivation. Only 28% of PF and 25% of RAFIB had Minnesota
      Multiphasic Personality Inventory profiles classified as "normal" compared with
      51-60% of controls. Both PF and RAFIB had elevated "neurotic" scales
      (hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria), but only PF patients had statistically
      significant elevations in the pychopathic deviancy, psychasthenia and paranoia
      scales. When the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales were used, PF but not RAFIB
      patients demonstrated statistically significant elevations on the anxiety and
      depression scales.

PMID- 6592359
TI  - Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of N-[(5-amino-1-beta-D
      ribofuranosyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)carbonyl]-3- (hydroxynitrosamino)-L-alanine (L
      alanosine AICO ribonucleoside).
AB  - L-Alanosine [3-(hydroxynitrosoamino)-L-alanine] is an antitumor antibiotic that
      at the present is undergoing phase II clinical trials. Its mode of action as well
      as its metabolism has been extensively studied, and the metabolite N-[(5-amino-1
      beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)carbonyl]-3- (hydroxynitrosoamino)-L
      alanine ribonucleotide (L-alanosine AICOR) proved to be an extremely potent
      inhibitor of de novo purine biosynthesis and is thus primarily responsible for
      the antitumor activity of the drug. The synthesis of the corresponding
      ribonucleoside, i.e., N-[(5-amino-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-imidazol-4
      yl)carbonyl]-3- (hydroxynitrosamino)-L-alanine ribonucleoside (L-alanosine AICO
      ribonucleoside), was accomplished by condensation of a suitably protected
      derivative of L-alanosine with N-succinimidyl-5-amino-1-(2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-beta
      D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-im idazole-4-carboxylate followed by the removal of the
      protective groups. The biological activity of L-alanosine AICO ribonucleoside was
      tested in vitro on whole tumor cells and on the isolated enzyme adenylosuccinate
      synthetase and in vivo on murine experimental leukemia. The compound was found to
      be inactive in these tests.

PMID- 6592360
TI  - Obstetric and gynecologic malpractice.

PMID- 6592362
TI  - Geriatric imperative: an opportunity for change.

PMID- 6592361
TI  - Geriatric imperative: should community hospitals have geriatric units?

PMID- 6592363
TI  - Geriatric imperative: geriatric assessment programs.

PMID- 6592364
TI  - Geriatric imperative: the acutely ill elderly.

PMID- 6592365
TI  - Geriatric imperative: summary statement of ACP Study Group.

PMID- 6592366
TI  - Pharmacological basis of therapeutics: gossypol, an oral male contraceptive?

PMID- 6592368
TI  - Your congressman speaks: the cost of health care.

PMID- 6592367
TI  - The Impaired Physicians Program: another kind of impairment.

PMID- 6592369
TI  - Hematogenous infections of total joint replacements: implications and
      recommendations related to dental treatment.

PMID- 6592370
TI  - Selection and management of extended wear patients.

PMID- 6592371
TI  - [FAB classification of acute leukemia of children].

PMID- 6592372
TI  - [Double minute chromosomes (DMs) in a case of acute myelocytic leukemia (M2: FAB
      classification)].

PMID- 6592373
TI  - [A case of CML blastic crisis with pseudohypoxemia due to leukocyte larceny].

PMID- 6592374
TI  - [A case of tumor-forming acute monocytic leukemia with complication of obstructed
      ileus due to ileal monoblastoma].

PMID- 6592375
TI  - [Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with aspergillosis and mucormycosis--a case
      report].

PMID- 6592376
TI  - Natural killer activity of pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      in remission.
AB  - We examined the natural killer (NK) activity of pediatric patients with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in remission by using several methods, including a
      newly established single cell assay. HNK-1 antigen-positive cells, which are now
      considered to assume NK activity, were not decreased in the patients, although
      the NK activity of the patients was found to be depressed. Neither monocyte
      depletion nor the addition of interferon-alpha improved the decreased NK activity
      of the patients. According to the results of the single cell assay, conjugate
      forming cells (effector cells that form conjugates with target cells), lytic
      conjugate-forming cells (fractions of conjugate-forming cells that actually go on
      to kill target cells) and the recycling activity of NK cells were all decreased
      in the patients. Thus, it is apparent that there were defects in several steps of
      NK activity in the patients. The NK activity of 19 patients was further studied
      successively to investigate the correlation between NK activity and clinical
      course. The longest observation period was 38 months. Six bone marrow relapses of
      leukemia occurred, but the NK activity of these patients at the time of relapse
      or at the previous test was not necessarily depressed as compared to that of the
      other patients.

PMID- 6592377
TI  - [A new carbohydrate antigen CA 19-9 associated with malignancies of digestive
      system. I. Modification of its method and reference values].

PMID- 6592378
TI  - [Case of retroperitoneal abscess].

PMID- 6592379
TI  - [Effects of aging on vasoactive substances].

PMID- 6592380
TI  - Cancer risk among women exposed to exogenous estrogens during pregnancy.
AB  - A cohort of 3,139 obstetric patients, who delivered children between 1946 and
      1965, was followed retrospectively to assess the relationship between exposure to
      diethylstilbestrol [(DES) CAS: 56-53-1; alpha, alpha'-diethyl-4,4'-stilbenediol]
      or other estrogenic substances during pregnancy and subsequent cancer incidence.
      Among the 1,531 women exposed to DES, the relative risk (RR) for all cancers was
      1.46 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-2.00]. The RR for cancers of the breast,
      cervix, and ovary were 1.37 (adjusted), 1.40, and 2.83, respectively, but none of
      these estimates was statistically significant. For breast cancer an RR in excess
      of 2.28 can be excluded, with 95% CI for doses averaging 2,100 mg. Within the
      exposed group there was no evidence for a dose-response relationship.

PMID- 6592381
TI  - Distinct reactivity of Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines with eight monoclonal
      antibodies correlated with the ethnic origin.
AB  - Twenty-eight Burkitt's lymphoma(s) (BL) cell lines were analyzed with anti-human
      immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies: Y29/55, B1, and BA1 are slightly
      different pan-B-reagents; TU1 and BL13 are two discriminating markers of the
      follicle; RFT1 is a pan-T-reagent expressed on the follicle mantle; AL2 reacts
      with the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen gp100; and 38:13 recognizes
      a BL-associated antigen. Those lines were classified into 3 groups according to
      their membrane phenotype. In the first 2 groups, cell lines were derived from BL
      of germinal center origin, whereas in the last group they were established from
      BL cells originating in the bone marrow. All cell lines in the last group were
      from Caucasian BL, whereas lines from African BL of a high-incidence area were in
      group 1. North African cases were in group 2. Those distinct subgroups were not
      related specifically to the reactivity with Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen,
      the type of chromosomal translocation, or the clinical features. The variations
      induced by growth culture as well as the clinical implications were discussed.

PMID- 6592382
TI  - Enhancing effect of bile and bile acid on stomach tumorigenesis induced by N
      methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.
AB  - The carcinogenic or cocarcinogenic effects of bile or bile acid on stomach
      carcinogenesis were investigated in inbred W rats. Bile or bile acid was
      introduced into the stomach by choledochogastrostomy or with food after the
      administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine [(MNNG) CAS: 70-25-7; 1
      methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine] in drinking water. The animals that received
      MNNG and bile or sodium taurocholate (CAS: 145-42-6; N-choloyltaurine sodium
      salt) had a significantly higher incidence of hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions
      in the stomach mucosa than did the relevant MNNG-treated controls. The result
      suggested an enhancing effect of bile and sodium taurocholate in stomach
      tumorigenesis.

PMID- 6592383
TI  - Effect of immunosuppression on neonatally diethylstilbestrol-induced genital
      tract lesion and tumor development in female mice.
AB  - Neonatal treatment of female rodents with the synthetic estrogen
      diethylstilbestrol [(DES) CAS: 56-53-1; alpha, alpha'-diethyl-4,4'
      dimethoxystilbene] results in immunodeficiency that persists into adulthood,
      along with progressive development of genital tract lesions. DES-induced
      immunosuppression was examined as a possible promoter of genital tract lesion and
      tumor development in BALB/cCrgl female mice. Secondary suppression of T-cell
      immunity after neonatal DES treatment failed to increase lesion incidence or to
      promote genital tract tumor development in 8-month-old mice. Although
      hyperplastic lesions were present in 70% of the genital tracts from DES-treated
      mice at 8 months of age, apparently few neoplastic cells are present at this
      time, since transplantation of genital tracts from these animals into syngeneic
      hosts did not yield tumors. To reduce the possibility that potential tumors were
      too immunogenic to survive in the syngeneic hosts, genital tract pieces from 12
      month-old DES-treated female mice were transplanted into immunosuppressed hosts;
      only 1 tumor resulted. The tumor was a mixed adenocarcinoma, squamous cell
      carcinoma, and sarcoma and was immunogenic. These results suggest that
      immunosurveillance by T-cells is relatively unimportant in DES-induced genital
      tract lesion development.

PMID- 6592384
TI  - Hepatocarcinogenicity of diethylnitrosamine to the self-fertilizing
      hermaphroditic fish Rivulus marmoratus (Teleostomi: Cyprinodontidae).
AB  - The larvae, 3 days post hatching, of self-fertilizing hermaphroditic fish Rivulus
      marmoratus were exposed to diethylnitrosamine (DENA) (CAS: 55-18-5; N
      nitrosodiethylamine) at levels of 50-400 ppm for 2 hours. At 3-month intervals,
      the exposed fish were sampled until 9 months postcarcinogen treatment. Hepatomas
      were induced in 6- and 9- month groups of the 100-ppm-treated and 200-ppm-treated
      fish. An exposure of fish larvae to 400 ppm DENA also produced similar tumors on
      3-, 6-, and 9-month groups. The tumor incidences were clearly dose dependent.
      These results offered the possibility of the use of R. marmoratus as a suitable
      model for experimental carcinogenesis.

PMID- 6592385
TI  - Decrease in L-type pyruvate kinase activity in rat liver by some promoters of
      hepatocarcinogenesis.
AB  - A probably promoter-specific decrease of L-type pyruvate kinase (L-PK) in Wistar
      rat liver is described. The possibility of utilizing the decrease in L-PK
      activity for screening of hepatic promoters is discussed. A significantly
      decreased level of activity of L-PK was observed during continuous feedings of
      the hepatocarcinogen 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene [(3'-MeDAB) CAS: 55-80
      1], which initiates and promotes hepatocarcinogenesis, and of the known hepatic
      promoters phenobarbital [(PB) CAS: 50-06-6] and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
      (CAS: 50-29-3) for at least 4 weeks. In contrast, if it occurred, the decrease in
      L-PK activity by the nonpromoting agents amobarbital (CAS: 57-43-2) and
      diphenylhydantoin. (CAS: 57-41-0) was temporary and almost overcome by the 4th
      week. The depression of L-PK activity caused by PB was reversible, was inversely
      correlated with PB concentration in the diet, and seemed to be organ-specific.
      Although hepatic promoters lowered L-PK activity in this study, data are so
      limited that a much more extensive study is necessary before a general conclusion
      can be drawn. In contrast to L-PK activity, the activity of K-type pyruvate
      kinase (K-PK) was induced by injections of the carcinogen diethylnitrosamine
      (CAS: 55-18-5) or the hepatotoxin CCl4 (CAS: 56-23-5) or by the feeding of 3'
      MeDAB. However, feeding of PB or 2-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (CAS: 54-88
      6), which initiates but does not promote hepatocarcinogenesis, did not increase K
      PK activity.

PMID- 6592386
TI  - Potentiation of anticancer agents by new synthetic isoprenoids. I. Inhibition of
      the growth of cultured mammalian cells.
AB  - In this study, 9 new synthetic isoprenoids with 9-10 isoprene chains were tested.
      One-fifth of the D10 value (concentration of drug that reduced colony-formation
      ability to 10% that of control) for each isoprenoid was calculated from dose
      response curves of Chinese hamster V79 cells or human HeLa cells in culture. That
      dose was combined with various anticancer agent [1-(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5
      yl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-n itrosurea HCl, bleomycin A2 (BLM), cisplatin,
      doxorubicin (Dx), 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin, and 6-mercaptopurine] to test
      whether isoprenoids can potentiate the cytotoxic effect of anticancer agents
      against cultured mammalian cells. Among the 9 isoprenoids tested, decaprenoic
      acid, dacaprenylamine.HCl, and N-(p-methylbenzyl)decaprenylamine.HCl
      significantly potentiated BLM and Dx. Some isoprenoids increased intracellular
      levels of anticancer agents. Both enhanced uptake and reduced efflux of Dx were
      observed.

PMID- 6592387
TI  - Morphology and distribution of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride-induced
      colon tumors and their relationship to gut-associated lymphoid tissue in the rat.
AB  - The histopathology and relationship of sym-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride
      [(DMH) CAS: 306-37-6; 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride]-induced colon tumors
      to colonic lymphoid aggregates were examined in outbred male Sprague-Dawley rats
      treated with saline or DMH and sacrificed at three intervals after treatment. The
      ratio of polypoid:sessile tumors was 71:29 four months after DMH treatment and
      62:38 when tumors were fully developed. Colonic lymphoid aggregates were found 3
      5 cm from the cecal-colonic junction, near the flexure of the ascending and
      transverse colon, and 3-5 cm from the rectum. There were no significant
      differences between saline-treated and DMH-treated rats regarding the size,
      cellularity, and number of lymphoid aggregates per rat. A significant association
      (P less than .001) was seen between tumor development and the presence of a
      lymphoid aggregate in a given segment of the colon. Sessile adenocarcinomas, but
      not polypoid tumors, were significantly associated (P less than .001) with
      lymphoid aggregates and usually presented as mucinous tumors adjacent to or
      intermixed with the lymphoid tissue.

PMID- 6592388
TI  - Pharmacologic and genetic studies on the modulatory effects of butylated
      hydroxytoluene on mouse lung adenoma formation.
AB  - Food additive butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (CAS: 128-37-0; 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p
      cresol) can modulate the formation of lung adenomas in mice treated with the
      carcinogen urethan (CAS: 51-79-6; ethyl ester carbamic acid). An ip injection of
      BHT administered 6 hours before a single urethan injection decreased the number
      of tumors formed, whereas six weekly BHT injections following a single urethan
      dose increased tumor multiplicity. Biotransformation of BHT was apparently
      required for both prophylaxis and enhancement. Pretreatment of mice with cedrene,
      which perturbs drug metabolism, prevented both of these BHT activities. Analogues
      of BHT with different substitutions at position 6 of the phenol ring also
      affected tumor formation. 2-tert-Butyl-4-methylphenol inhibited, not enhanced,
      adenoma formation. 2-tert-Butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol (BDMP) (CAS: 1879-09-0; 6-tert
      butyl-2,4-xylenol); increased tumor number in A/J but not in the BALB/cByJ mouse
      strain; its prophylactic activity could not be measured since urethan injection
      following BDMP treatment was lethal. Thus the presence of an alkyl group at this
      site on the phenol ring was not required for prophylaxis but was necessary for
      tumor enhancement. These results were consistent with the possibility that
      different BHT metabolites were responsible for each effect. Adenoma formation was
      enhanced by BHT in four strains of mice with a U+ phenotype (susceptible to
      urethan-induced lung adenomas); these strains were A, BALB/cBy, SWR/J, and
      RIIIS/J. BHT had no such effect, however, in the U+ strain 129/J. A U+ B-
      phenotype (urethan inducible but unresponsive to BHT enhancement) also was found
      among the recombinant inbred lines originally derived from a cross between U+B+
      BALB/-cByJ and U-/B- C57BL/6ByJ progenitor strains. This finding showed that the
      genes determining sensitivity to urethan and to BHT had recombined independently
      of each other. An inability to metabolize BHT was probably not involved in the B-
      phenotype, since BHT caused reversible lung damage in the 2 U+B- recombinant
      inbred lines and strain 129, and biotransformation was required for this effect.
      These U+B- mice thus can be used to characterize the lung toxic effects of BHT in
      the absence of its tumor-enhancing activity and will serve as valuable controls
      in studies on mechanisms of tumor enhancement.

PMID- 6592389
TI  - Enhancing effect on N-nitrosodimethylamine-induced tumorigenesis by unilateral
      hydronephrosis.
AB  - The effect of unilateral hydronephrosis (U-HN) on chemical tumorigenesis by two
      im injections of N-nitrosodimethylamine (DMN; CAS: 62-75-9) with the use of
      inbred female W rats was studied. Of the rats in the U-HN group, 70.0% developed
      kidney tumors, 25.0% developed mammary tumors, 20.0% developed hepatomas, and
      20.0% developed other tumors. Almost all kidney tumors in the U-HN group (96.0%)
      were induced in the compensatory (contralateral) kidney. In contrast, of the rats
      in the unilateral nephrectomy (U-NR) group, 29.4% developed kidney tumors, 11.8%
      developed mammary tumors, 23.5% developed hepatomas, and 11.8% developed other
      tumors. Rats in the sham-operated group developed 1 small kidney tumor (7.7% of
      the rats) but no tumors in other organs. Thus, under these conditions, U-NR and
      especially U-HN strongly increased tumor induction in DMN tumorigenesis not only
      in the compensatory kidney but also in extrarenal organs.

PMID- 6592390
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 regulation of tumoristatic factor production by macrophage-like
      P388D1 cells.
AB  - Macrophage-like P388D1 cells, when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS),
      produced a factor(s) whose activity was inhibitory to growth of Lewis lung
      carcinoma cells. Indomethacin, a prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitor, augmented the
      production of tumoristatic activity by LPS-stimulated P388D1 cells, whereas
      exogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) suppressed its secretion. These results suggest
      that P388D1 cells regulate their antitumor abilities by producing PGE2, which
      inhibits production of soluble factor(s) with tumoristatic activities.

PMID- 6592391
TI  - Sequential histologic study of rat liver during peroxisome proliferator [4-chloro
      6-(2,3-xylidino)-2-pyrimidinylthio]-acetic acid (Wy-14,643)-induced
      carcinogenesis.
AB  - The livers of male inbred F344 rats fed Wy-14,643 [4-chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino)-2
      pyrimidinylthio] acetic acid (CAS: 50892-23-4) in the diet at a concentration of
      0.1% (wt/wt) were examined sequentially at 5, 10, 17, 21, 26, 30, 35, 40, 52, 60,
      and 70 weeks. At 5 weeks the livers were markedly enlarged and histologically
      showed markedly enlarged hepatocytes with prominent nucleoli. At 21 weeks altered
      acidophilic areas were seen in 2 of 3 animals that were killed. Between 26 and 52
      weeks neoplastic nodules were noted of 1-8 mm containing cells with morphologic
      features similar to those observed in altered areas. Hepatocellular carcinomas
      (HCC) were observed in 1 animal killed at 30 weeks and in all the animals
      sacrificed at 60 weeks and later. [3H]thymidine nuclear labeling studies showed
      marked proliferative activity of cells in altered areas, neoplastic nodules, and
      HCC. Altered areas, neoplastic nodules, and HCC were consistently negative for
      gamma-glutamyltransferase and showed decreased ATPase activity. Glucose-6
      phosphatase (Glc-6-Pase) activity was decreased in altered areas and neoplastic
      nodules. However, some of the HCC showed a strong positive reaction for Glc-6
      Pase.

PMID- 6592392
TI  - Contribution of inert mass to experimental cancer cachexia in rats.
AB  - An inert artificial tumor (AFT) was inflated in male F344 rats to simulate,
      experimentally, the growth in mass of large transplantable tumors that produce
      cachexia. The AFT depressed host weight gain and skeletal muscle mass up to 30%
      and food intake up to 20% of the depression induced by tumors of comparable size.
      When the growth rate of the AFT was low, there was no depression of food intake.
      Work-induced hypertrophy of skeletal muscles, as assessed by a gastrocnemius
      tenotomy model, was approximately equal to that of normal, tumor-bearing, and AFT
      bearing animals. The AFT elevated host total energy expenditure by 12.5% and
      compartment-of-energy expenditure attributable to motor activity by 10.5%. The
      elevation of energy expenditure accounted for most of the depression of weight
      gain of AFT-bearing animals below that of intact animals. The large mass of most
      transplantable tumors leads to an overestimate of the malignant tissue-depletive
      effects of tumor and an under-estimate of the asthenic effects.

PMID- 6592393
TI  - Angiotensin II stimulation of prostaglandin E2 and 6-keto-F1 alpha formation by
      isolated human glomeruli.
AB  - The intrinsic in vitro production of prostaglandins (PGs) E2, F2 alpha, 6-keto-F1
      alpha, and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and the conversion of exogenous substrate to PGs
      and TxB2 by isolated human glomeruli was demonstrated, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was the
      major product. This was observed under basal conditions and following incubation
      with exogenous substrate. Indomethacin (Indo; 10(-4 M) inhibited the conversion
      of arachidonic acid to PGs and the release of [1-14C]-labeled products from human
      glomeruli by about 80%. The addition of angiotensin II (AII) to the isolated
      glomeruli produced, under basal conditions, an almost selective stimulation of 6
      keto-PGF1 alpha. Following the prelabeling of glomeruli with 1-14C-arachidonic
      acid, the increase of glomerular PG formation after AII was added was also only
      significant for 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. When glomeruli were preincubated with large
      amounts of non-radiolabeled substrate. AII stimulated PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha
      formation significantly. The data demonstrate PG formation in isolated human
      glomeruli and show an interaction between AII and the prostaglandin system in
      this tissue. This interrelationship might have physiologic consequences in the
      regulation of glomerular hemodynamics.

PMID- 6592394
TI  - [Diagnostic significance of muscle biopsies in metabolic myopathies. I.
      Myopathology].
AB  - The clinical course of metabolic myopathies is dominated by progressive muscle
      weakness and wasting or aching contraction and recurrent rhabdomyolysis with
      intense exercise. Vacuolar muscle fibre degeneration is the leading pathological
      finding on routine histological examination. For further characterization of
      those histologically empty looking vacuoles, histochemistry and electron
      microscopy are employed. Increase of glycogen, lipid droplets or mitochondria can
      often be demonstrated and indicate the need for subsequent biochemical
      identification of the underlying metabolic defect. Some other metabolic
      myopathies that cause recurrent rhabdomyolysis lack myopathological
      abnormalities. These can only be diagnosed biochemically, but additional new
      histochemical screening methods might be helpful.

PMID- 6592395
TI  - Abnormal collagen fibrils in aspartylglycosaminuria. Altered dermal
      ultrastructure in a glycoprotein storage disorder.
AB  - Patients with aspartylglycosaminuria, a lysosomal storage disorder of
      glycoprotein degradation, express connective tissue signs that refer to impaired
      mechanical properties of the tissue. We studied the ultrastructure of the dermis
      of patients with aspartylglycosaminuria to detect possible alterations in the
      connective tissue matrix, alterations that could explain the clinical findings.
      The organization of fiber bundles was studied by light microscopy and scanning
      electron microscopy, and diameters and volume densities of individual collagen
      fibrils were measured. The histologic organization of the dermis in patients with
      aspartylglycosaminuria was normal. However, by scanning electron microscopy a
      looser organization and more irregular orientation of the fiber bundles were
      detected. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a strikingly abnormal
      variation in the diameters of individual collagen fibrils (from 20 to 160 nm) in
      all layers of the dermis, with slight irregularity of shape especially in the
      thickest fibrils. Occasional giant fibrils (greater than 200 nm) were observed.
      The distribution of the ruthenium red-positive material around the fibrils was
      normal. Ultrastructural changes similar to these have been found in the collagen
      fibrils of some patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome as well as certain other
      disorders affecting dermal connective tissue. Altered collagen fibril formation
      offers an explanation for the connective tissue lesions in
      aspartylglycosaminuria.

PMID- 6592396
TI  - The laser in otolaryngology.

PMID- 6592397
TI  - Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) and epiglottitis (supraglottitis): when is
      tracheostomy necessary?

PMID- 6592399
TI  - Epistaxis management: conservative and surgical.

PMID- 6592398
TI  - Evaluation and therapy of the stuffy nose.

PMID- 6592400
TI  - Indications for surgery in sinusitis.

PMID- 6592401
TI  - Current concepts in occupational and non-occupational noise-induced hearing loss.

PMID- 6592402
TI  - Evaluation of cervical adenopathy.

PMID- 6592403
TI  - Current trends in voice conservation and restoration surgery.

PMID- 6592404
TI  - Multidisciplinary approaches to skull base tumors.

PMID- 6592405
TI  - Microfills and traditional composites--a comparison.

PMID- 6592406
TI  - Class II malocclusion produced by neuromuscular alteration treated via LeFort I
      osteotomy.

PMID- 6592408
TI  - [Temporary splint for periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6592409
TI  - [Lasers in dentistry].

PMID- 6592407
TI  - 5 Alpha- and 5 beta-reductases for 4-ene-3-ketosteroids and 17 beta-ol
      dehydrogenase in epididymis and testis of golden hamster during sexual
      development.
AB  - Homogenates of the epididymis, testis and seminal vesicle from 15, 25, 35 and 60
      day old golden hamsters were incubated with [3H]4-androstene-3,17-dione and NADPH
      and enzyme activity was estimated. In the testis, activities of 5 alpha- and 5
      beta-reductases were the highest (32 +/- 4 and 68 +/- 13 (SD) nmol/100 mg
      protein/h, respectively) at 25 days of age, moderately high at 35 days and very
      low (1-3 and 5-6, nmol/100 mg protein/h, respectively) at 15 and 60 days. In the
      epididymis, 5 alpha-reductase activities increased with age during sexual
      development by up to 50-fold and reached the maximum value (40 +/- 11 nmol/100 mg
      protein/h) at 60 days. The 5 alpha-reductase activities in the seminal vesicle
      were found to be relatively low (0.5-1 nmol/100 mg protein/h), compared with
      those in the epididymis and testis. Activities of 5 beta-reductase in the
      epididymis and seminal vesicle were very low (0.1-0.5 nmol/100 mg protein/h) at
      all ages. These results indicate the existence of a marked, but transient,
      increase in 5 alpha- and 5 beta-reductase activities during immature period in
      the testis of golden hamster. In the epididymis, however, 5 alpha-reductase
      activity increases with age during sexual maturation, while 5 beta-reductase
      activity is almost undetectable at all ages.

PMID- 6592410
TI  - [Protection of dental pulp during composite resin filling].

PMID- 6592411
TI  - [Pulpectomy or pulp capping].

PMID- 6592412
TI  - [Technics of intravenous and intramuscular injections].

PMID- 6592413
TI  - [Ceramic implants].

PMID- 6592414
TI  - [Pain control in dentistry. A study based on questionnaires to patients and
      dentists in Tokyo].

PMID- 6592415
TI  - A physical sign of bulimia.

PMID- 6592416
TI  - [Refractory sideroblastic anemia with an excess of blasts and miliary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 6592417
TI  - Selective transduction of recombinant plasmids with cloned pac sites by
      Salmonella phage P22.
AB  - Recombinant plasmids having PstI fragments of P22 DNA inserted in the vector
      pBR322 can be transduced efficiently by Salmonella phage P22, irrespective of the
      cloned phage sequences. When the rec function of the donor cells and the
      corresponding recombination system erf of the infecting phage are simultaneously
      inactivated, only plasmids containing the P22 pac site can be transduced. By this
      selective, generalized transduction an EcoRV DNA fragment of the P22 related
      phage L has been identified that carries a base sequence recognized by phage P22
      as a packaging signal. Experiments in which only one of the two recombination
      systems was inactivated, showed that the bacterial rec system obviously promotes
      cointegrate formation between plasmid and phage DNA much more efficiently than
      the phage-coded erf system, allowing the specialized plasmid transduction
      observed by Orbach and Jackson (1982).

PMID- 6592418
TI  - Apparent operon for a 5S ribosomal RNA gene and for tRNA genes in the
      archaebacterium Methanococcus vannielii.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of the chromosomal segment from Methanococcus vannielii
      previously shown to encode a gene for 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) unlinked to any
      other rRNA genes (Jarsch et al. 1983) was determined. It was found that the 5S
      rRNA gene is flanked by seven genes for tRNA (tRNAPro, tRNAThr, tRNATyr, tRNALys
      and tRNAAsp). Two of the tRNA genes (tRNAAsp and tRNALys) are repeated in the
      cluster. Only the tRNAPro cistron encodes the 3'-CCA tRNA sequence. The 5S
      rRNA/tRNA gene cluster probably represents one transcriptional unit. The 5'- and
      3'-flanking sequences of the tRNA/5S rRNA gene cluster bear some similarity with
      initiation and termination signals in eubacteria. There is indication that the
      different 5S rRNA genes from Methanococcus exhibit sequence polymorphism.

PMID- 6592419
TI  - Identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae mismatch repair genes by an additive
      transformation approach.
AB  - During transformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae, mismatch repair occurs on
      donor-recipient heteroduplexes harboring some mismatched base pairs. A few
      mutants defective in mismatch repair have been isolated and termed hex-. However,
      neither the number of genes involved nor their products have yet been identified.
      In an attempt to characterize such genes we have used an additive transformation
      approach--that is the inactivation of genes by insertion of chimeric plasmids.
      Pneumococcal DNA fragments were joined in vitro to a plasmid derivative of pBR325
      that carries an erythromycin resistance determinant and does not replicate
      autonomously in S. pneumoniae. Ery-r transformants obtained with such a ligation
      mixture arise via homology-dependent integration of the chimeric plasmids into
      the chromosome. Hex- mutants have been selected among the ery-r population.
      Comparison of these mutants by Southern blot hybridization with a vector probe
      reveals that at least two genes are involved in mismatch repair.

PMID- 6592420
TI  - Cotransfer and phenotypic stabilisation of syntenic and asyntenic mink genes into
      mouse cells by chromosome-mediated gene transfer.
AB  - By means of metaphase chromosomes, the genes for mink thymidine kinase (TK) and
      hypoxanthine-phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) were transferred to mutant mouse
      cells, LMTK-, A9 (HPRT-) and teratocarcinoma cells, PCC4-aza 1 (HPRT-). Eighteen
      colonies were isolated from LMTK- (series A), 9 from A9 (series B) and none from
      PCC4-aza 1. The transformed clones contained mink TK or HPRT. Analysis of
      syntenic markers in series B demonstrated that one clone contained mink glucose-6
      phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and the other alpha-galactosidase; in series A,
      nine clones contained mink galactokinase (GALK) and six mink aldolase C (ALDC).
      Analysis of 12 asyntenic markers located in ten mink chromosomes showed the
      presence of only aconitase-1 (ACON1) (the marker of mink chromosome 12) in three
      clones of series A. The clones lost mink ACON1 between the fifth to tenth
      passages. Cytogenetic analysis established the presence of a fragment of mink
      chromosome 8 in eight clones of series A, but not in series B. The clones of
      series A lost mink TK together with mink GALK and ALDC during back-selection; in
      B, back-selection retained mink G6PD. No stable TK+ phenotype was detected in
      clones with a visible fragment of mink chromosome 8. Stability analysis
      demonstrated that about half of the clones of series B have stable HPRT+
      phenotype whereas only three clones of series A have stable TK+ phenotype. It is
      suggested that the recipient cells, LMTK- and A9, differ in their competence for
      genetic transformation and integration of foreign genes.

PMID- 6592421
TI  - [Marginal adaptation of a semi-precious ceramo-metal alloy. Scanning electron
      microscopy analysis].

PMID- 6592423
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy study of the bacterial plaque in a case of juvenile
      periodontitis].

PMID- 6592422
TI  - [Combined surgical-orthodontic treatment of follicular cysts in children].

PMID- 6592424
TI  - [Severe iatrogenic lesions from the improper use of elastics in the correction of
      inter-incisive diastema].

PMID- 6592425
TI  - [Metallography and electron microscopy studies of orthodontic wire--I].

PMID- 6592426
TI  - [Unusual therapy for malposition].

PMID- 6592427
TI  - [Cephalometric contribution to the diagnosis of open bite. III: Correlation of
      various parameters].

PMID- 6592429
TI  - [Midline deviation].

PMID- 6592428
TI  - [Normal standard for the Italian Leeway Space].

PMID- 6592430
TI  - [Changes in the jaw form of post-treatment Class I reversed occlusion in the
      mixed dentition as compared with the complete eruption of the permanent
      dentition].

PMID- 6592431
TI  - [A diagnostic study on the relation between osteosclerosis and traumatic
      occlusion].

PMID- 6592432
TI  - [Comparative studies of orthodontic appliances in cross bite patients. 1. The
      case of the chin cap].

PMID- 6592433
TI  - [Radiographic analysis of the orthodontic forward movement of the condyles and
      mandibular central incisors].

PMID- 6592435
TI  - [Dental anomalies in primary school pupils. I. Maxillary mesiodens and mandibular
      fused teeth in the incisor region].

PMID- 6592434
TI  - [A case of bilateral denture fibromas].

PMID- 6592436
TI  - [How do you understand the laboratory data? A case of hepatitis B virus
      infection].

PMID- 6592437
TI  - Regulation of creatine phosphate concentration in rat heart mitochondria.

PMID- 6592438
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy observations of crystal formations of weddellite
      from a sialolith].

PMID- 6592439
TI  - [Histological study on the fissure contents of completely impacted teeth].

PMID- 6592441
TI  - [Longitudinal growth changes in the dental arch in the Japanese].

PMID- 6592440
TI  - [Comparative study of the implantation of implant materials in experimental
      alveolar bone defects in beagle dogs].

PMID- 6592442
TI  - [Evaluation using a color discrimination test of dentists].

PMID- 6592443
TI  - [Application of electroradiography to the maxillo-facial region].

PMID- 6592444
TI  - [The sialography projection technic (1)].

PMID- 6592445
TI  - [DTA-TG analysis of human tooth enamel. A preliminary study].

PMID- 6592446
TI  - [Enamel crystallites in human and proboscidea teeth].

PMID- 6592447
TI  - [Curve-fitting of dental arch forms using a general quadratic equation].

PMID- 6592448
TI  - [2 cases presented at a Tweed meeting].

PMID- 6592449
TI  - US patents: dying Congress aids innovation.

PMID- 6592450
TI  - [Application of the technics of molecular genetics in neurochemistry].
AB  - Research in molecular neurobiology has recently entered a new phase of rapid
      development as a result of the application of the techniques of molecular
      genetics. This is illustrated by recent work on the electric ray (Torpedo
      marmorata and T. californica), whose electric organ is a rich source of
      cholinergic synapses. Other examples from recent literature of the application of
      the recombinant DNA technique to the mammalian central nervous system are given
      and possible future developments are discussed.

PMID- 6592451
TI  - Update--the sudden infant death syndrome in North Carolina.

PMID- 6592452
TI  - North Carolina: the health of our state.

PMID- 6592454
TI  - St. Ronald's ballet--strychnine poisoning.

PMID- 6592455
TI  - Down the wrong garden path.

PMID- 6592453
TI  - Drug therapy of systemic fungal infections, Part II.

PMID- 6592456
TI  - Thyroid malignancy masquerading as thyroiditis.

PMID- 6592458
TI  - Medical mystery and the whistle blower.

PMID- 6592457
TI  - Growing pains.

PMID- 6592459
TI  - A specialized unit for patients with diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 6592460
TI  - Urticaria.

PMID- 6592461
TI  - Femoral fracture due to osteosarcoma masquerading as internal derangement of the
      knee.

PMID- 6592462
TI  - [Wound healing and periodontal surgery].

PMID- 6592464
TI  - [Chain saw injuries in the mandibulofacial region].

PMID- 6592463
TI  - [The odontogenic keratocyst].

PMID- 6592465
TI  - [Occlusal radiography in cleft palate patients].

PMID- 6592466
TI  - [Mechanical analysis of the adaptation of amalgam in dental tissues].

PMID- 6592467
TI  - [Dental caries, gingivitis and enamel opacities in 8-year-old native and foreign
      schoolchildren in the Hague. Results of dental studies in 1981 and a comparison
      with data from 1969, 1972, 1975 and 1978].

PMID- 6592468
TI  - [The modified essay question: a possibility for patient simulation in endodontic
      education].

PMID- 6592469
TI  - [Monoclonal antibodies against surface antigens of lymphoblasts and blood cells
      or bone marrow recognize constituents of the human nephron].
AB  - By immunizing mice with bone marrow cells of a patient with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia, monoclonal antibodies have been produced against differentiation
      antigens of hemopoietic cells. These antibodies also recognize cells in different
      parts of the normal human kidney. Two antibodies, ALB1 et ALB2, which recognize
      the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen, (CALLA), label the podocytes and
      the epithelial cells of the proximal tubules of the kidney; ALB6, which
      recognizes the "p 24" antigen of lymphocytes, labels the distal tubules; ALB9,
      which recognizes lymphoblasts and granulocytes, labels the thick ascending loop
      of Henle and the collecting tubules; PM1, which recognizes immature granulocytic
      cells, labels the thick ascending loop of Henle.

PMID- 6592470
TI  - [Klein-Levin syndrome (case report)].
AB  - The authors observed the syndrome in a 17-year-old boy weighing 86 kg and
      training weight-lifting. During between 10 and 20 months he had periods of
      physiological sleep lasting on the average 7 days, with voracious appetite and
      dysphoris. In the EEG tracings corresponding to physiological sleep were observed
      during the somnolence period, later in transient changes appeared, mainly in the
      forebrain. EDP in the cerebrospinal fluid was raised - 0.4 micrograms/ml
      (normally 0--0,05 micrograms/ml according to Merskey). The results of other
      laboratory investigations were normal. Since about 3 months the patient has been
      completely healthy and his scholastic progress in good. The authors suspect that
      excessive exertion may be a causative factor in this syndrome when it occurs at
      the time of adolescence.

PMID- 6592472
TI  - Treatment of severe nephrotic edema with albumin and furosemide.

PMID- 6592473
TI  - A 77-year-old man with recurrent hemiparesis, cardiac arrhythmias, and angina
      pectoris.

PMID- 6592471
TI  - [Synchronization chemoradiotherapy for malignant gliomas].
AB  - Cellular synchronization chemoradiotherapy was performed in 122 patients with
      glioblastoma and malignant astrocytoma (GrIII) registered between April 1977 and
      August 1982. The study was a non-randomized clinical phase II trial. The
      chemotherapeutic agents employed as synchronizers during the irradiation were
      VM26 (epipodophyllotoxin) and vincristine (VCR) as plant alkaloids and ACNU as a
      nitrosourea. Either VM26 or VCR was administered on D1, D2 and D3 at the dosage
      of 1 mg/kg (0.025 mg/kg-VCR) body weight. ACNU was administered on D2 and D3 at
      the dosage of 1 mg/kg body weight. The duration of the chemotherapy was eight to
      fourteen days at the initial induction stage and almost eight weeks at the
      maintenance stage. Thus, two synchronization arms of VM26 + ACNU and VCR + ACNU
      were employed. The regimen-VM 26 + ACNU + Radiation (Rad) could yield the initial
      induction of CR + PR-30%, NC-50%, and PG-15% in 58 cases. Long-term survival,
      calculated by the cumulative survival rate, was as follows: one year, 58%; two
      years, 42%; three years, 32%; four years, 30%, and five years, 25%. The regimen
      VCR + ACNU + Rad could yield the initial induction of CR + PR-28%, NC-49%, and PG
      23% in 64 cases. The cumulative survival rate was calculated as follows: one
      year, 55%; two years, 42%; three years, 27%; four years, 22%, and five years,
      22%. As a control, particularly for the survival rate, the data of the All-Japan
      Registry were revised to correspond to our study population. The survival rate of
      simple radiation cases thus revised was as follows: one year, 43%; two years,
      23%; three years, 11%; four years, 7%, and five years, 5%. The comparison between
      VM 26 plus ACNU and VCR plus ACNU yielded a higher initial induction response of
      35% for the former (vs. 28% for the latter), although it is difficult to make a
      judgement on the excellence of the regimen involving VM 26 plus ACNU, because
      this trial was clinical phase II. On the other hand, compared with the data from
      the All-Japan Registry, each regimen of cellular synchronization radiation
      therapy could achieve statistically more excellent responses both in the initial
      induction and the long-term survival (p less than 0.01). Thus, cellular
      synchronization radiation therapy is a hopeful therapeutic method for malignant
      glioma, with less side effects and statistically confirmed higher
      responses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6592474
TI  - The familial incidence of mitral valve prolapse. A report of three generations in
      one family.

PMID- 6592475
TI  - Fatal systemic strongyloidiasis following corticosteroid therapy.

PMID- 6592476
TI  - Herniation of the heart. A complication of intrapericardial pneumonectomy.

PMID- 6592477
TI  - Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the right coronary sinus. A
      cause of sudden death.

PMID- 6592478
TI  - The Northland rheumatic fever register.
AB  - A rheumatic fever register retrospective to 1969 was established in Northland
      during 1980-81 from hospital discharge diagnoses and general practitioner
      sources. Since 1981 the register has been regularly maintained and updated. From
      January 1969 to June 1981 303 patients were identified in whom acute rheumatic
      fever had been diagnosed, but only 218 met the modified Jones criteria. Four
      others had first presented with rheumatic heart disease without a past record of
      rheumatic fever. For those aged under 20 the cases on the register represent an
      annual incidence per 100 000 of 23.6 for non-Maoris and 115.9 for Maoris. There
      were 106 recurrent attacks recorded during this period amongst 307 patients, with
      a significantly higher rate from Maoris (p = 0.001). There was a great variation
      in the period for which prophylaxis was prescribed.

PMID- 6592479
TI  - Rheumatic fever prophylaxis: Gisborne experience.
AB  - There were 300 admissions to the Cook Hospital with rheumatic fever in 1958-83.
      During 1958-73 oral penicillin was used for secondary prophylaxis and 77 (35%) of
      223 admissions were recurrences. From 1974-83 when parenteral benzathine
      penicillin was increasingly used there were 77 admissions of which 14 (18%) were
      readmissions. An effective programme of secondary prophylaxis using benzathine
      penicillin and co-ordination of hospital and community health services is
      outlined. One hundred and eight patients with a first attack of rheumatic fever
      were seen in 1968-82. The chance of a recurrence in patients in whom oral
      prophylaxis was instituted was 15% two years after the initial attack and 35%
      after six years. Institution of parenteral prophylaxis significantly reduced the
      risk of recurrence (p = 0.0009) which was 2% six years after the first attack.

PMID- 6592480
TI  - Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease at the Rotorua Hospital 1971-1982.
AB  - The case notes of all patients less than 30 years who had a discharge diagnosis
      of rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease and were admitted to Rotorua
      Hospital between January 1972 and April 1983 were examined. Information was
      analysed by computer and a register was begun locally on a card index system
      which may be computerised in future. There were 237 admissions involving 188
      individuals with an average stay of 37 days. At least 63% of the 188 individual
      patients are known to have rheumatic heart disease. The average annual incidence
      for rheumatic fever was 20.1/100 000 with a Maori incidence in the 5-19 age group
      of 153.0/100 000. The incidence was significantly higher in areas where males had
      a lower income. The recurrence rate for rheumatic fever during the study period
      was 12.4%. It is recommended that the register should be continued to gather
      epidemiological data and to conduct an effective secondary prophylaxis programme
      using long acting intramuscular penicillin.

PMID- 6592481
TI  - Blood cholesterol and atherosclerosis.

PMID- 6592482
TI  - Estimated cost of alcohol to the New Zealand public hospital system.
AB  - The abuse of alcohol imposes a heavy burden upon our public hospital system.
      Although a lack of conclusive evidence precludes any accurate estimated of the
      costs that are incurred, our broad estimates do give some indication of the
      extent of these costs. Taking into account only those health problems where
      alcohol is recorded as a causal factor gives an estimated cost of public hospital
      services of approximately $21 million per year in excess of any costs which might
      otherwise be expected to arise in the absence of alcohol. Expanding the
      definition of alcohol-related disorders according to the results of survey data
      increases the estimated cost to at least $52 million per year and possibly to
      $115 million or more. These costs are far outweighed by the non-medical costs of
      excessive drinking such as lost production, crime and a deterioration in the
      quality of life of alcohol abusers and their families.

PMID- 6592483
TI  - Childhood immunisations: a recall system is worthwhile.
AB  - In this prospective study of 416 children in a computerised immunisation recall
      system, 78% attended voluntarily. A further 16% attended with prompting and of
      the remainder the majority are being followed up by the public health nurses. The
      system identifies individual children who have missed out on a specific
      immunisation and enables the omission to be corrected close to the most
      appropriate time. Sixty-seven children who were omitted were subsequently
      immunised in the sixth month period studied.

PMID- 6592485
TI  - Myalgic encephalomyelitis.

PMID- 6592484
TI  - Abdominal aortic aneurysms: Rotorua 1972-1982.
AB  - The experience of abdominal aortic aneurysms in Rotorua Hospital from 1972 to
      1982 is analysed. During this time sixteen abdominal aortic aneurysms were
      resected. Thirteen were acute operations for leaking aneurysms and three were
      elective operations. Among the thirteen acute cases, preoperatively four were in
      shock and three of these died. There was one peri-operative death among the nine
      unshocked but acute aneurysms.

PMID- 6592486
TI  - Sea urchin spine synovitis.

PMID- 6592487
TI  - Acute epiglottitis in adults.

PMID- 6592488
TI  - A challenge to nursing from the Child Health Report.

PMID- 6592489
TI  - Problem based learning--an educational strategy.

PMID- 6592491
TI  - [Fundamental study on the distortion of MOD inlays].

PMID- 6592490
TI  - Chromosomal changes in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6592492
TI  - [Tongue size and tongue pressure].

PMID- 6592493
TI  - [An anatomical study of the Takydromus tachydromoides tongue].

PMID- 6592494
TI  - [A case report of congenital hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with partial
      anodontia].

PMID- 6592495
TI  - [The inhibitory effect of cysteine on the lactate production of salivary
      microorganisms].

PMID- 6592496
TI  - [Further studies on mode of action of phenol].

PMID- 6592497
TI  - [Effect of valine on the lactate production of various strains of bacteria in the
      saliva supernatant].

PMID- 6592498
TI  - [Basic studies on antibiotic-induced colitis. Endotoxin extracted from Klebsiella
      oxytoca].

PMID- 6592499
TI  - [Effect of a high-sucrose diet on fluoride concentrations in the hard tissues of
      rats].

PMID- 6592500
TI  - [Periodic changes in tongue pressure in mandibular prognathism before and after
      surgical correction].

PMID- 6592501
TI  - Education patients about dental insurance options.

PMID- 6592502
TI  - Out of the ordinary office designs.

PMID- 6592503
TI  - Further observations on dental parameters of trigeminal and atypical facial
      neuralgias.
AB  - One hundred thirty-one patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia and 77 patients
      with atypical facial neuralgia or pain were treated by oral surgical procedures,
      with complete or almost complete pain remission in 88% of the cases and without
      persistent residual anesthesias, dysesthesias, or dysalgesias. The following
      conditions were related to patients' pain perceptions: cavities in alveolar bone
      at tooth extraction sites, bone fistulas, periodontal infections, and maxillary
      sinus infections draining into alveolar bone. The bone cavities and fistulas
      mentioned above were usually not visualized by standard x-ray diagnostic
      procedures, and their detection required a new diagnostic approach which is
      described. Microbiologic findings indicated involvement of a mixed, variable
      flora in the above conditions. Histopathologic observations of scrapings from
      involved bone showed a variable incidence of bone necrosis, predominantly chronic
      inflammatory cell populations and fibrous tissue.

PMID- 6592504
TI  - Coronoid process hyperplasia causing restricted opening and facial asymmetry.
AB  - A case of coronoid process hyperplasia is presented. The primary presenting
      complaint and clinical feature was restriction of opening, although there was
      marked facial asymmetry in the area of the right zygoma. Presurgical
      documentation of this anatomic variation by routine radiography and computed
      tomography with sagittal reconstruction is presented.

PMID- 6592505
TI  - Endodontic treatment of a cementoblastoma.
AB  - The benign cementoblastoma (true cementoma, osteoblastoma, giant osteoid osteoma)
      appears to be a true neoplasm of functional cementoblasts which proliferate at
      the apex of teeth to form an expansile tumor. It remains intimately attached to
      the tooth roots and occasionally involves the root canals themselves. Although
      the pulpal tissue remains vital, treatment has historically consisted of
      extraction of the involved tooth along with extirpation of the tumor. This mode
      of therapy for the benign cementoblastoma should not be confused with the entity
      called periapical cemental dysplasia (that is cementoma, periapical osteofibroma
      or osteofibrosis, cementifying fibroma, localized fibro-osteoma, and periapical
      fibrous dysplasia). In this latter lesion the treatment consists of simply
      recognizing the condition and establishing a schedule for periodic evaluation of
      the patient. In the case presented here enucleation of the cementoblastoma and
      endodontic therapy were selected as treatment modalities, despite the presence of
      buccal and lingual expansion of the cortical plates. There has been no recurrence
      of this growth during the 4-year follow-up period.

PMID- 6592506
TI  - Treatment of traumatic bone cyst of mandible by injection of autogeneic blood.
AB  - The traumatic bone cyst is usually successfully treated by surgical exploration
      and curettage of the walls of the bony cavity. This article presents a case of
      traumatic bone cyst which not only failed to respond to surgical curettage but
      also demonstrated a marked increase in size and a multilocular appearance on the
      radiograph. Injection of autogeneic blood into the bony cavity produced rapid
      bony filling and resolution of the lesion.

PMID- 6592507
TI  - Apical root anatomy of impacted maxillary canines. A clinical and radiographic
      study.
AB  - When planning autotransplantation of impacted maxillary canines, it is
      advantageous to know not only the position but also the root anatomy.
      Radiographic and clinical findings on the root anatomy of 65 impacted maxillary
      canines were compared. The apices were judged as straight or deflected. The
      positions of the canines were also recorded. Twenty-eight canines (43%) had a
      straight and 37 (57%) a deflected apex. The radiographic diagnosis was confirmed
      in 49 canines, which means a diagnostic accuracy of 75%. The misinterpretation,
      consisting of seven false-positive and nine false-negative diagnoses, was due to
      insufficient radiographic examination (7 canines), observation errors (7
      canines), and limitations of radiographic examination (2 canines). No association
      was found between the root anatomy and position. The results show than an optimal
      radiographic examination and knowledge of any apical deflection are valuable aids
      to operative assessment of impacted maxillary canines.

PMID- 6592508
TI  - Evaluation of nystatin in prevention and elimination of oropharyngeal Candida in
      immunosuppressed patients.
AB  - Thirty-three patients with acute leukemia or lymphoma received an ongoing topical
      treatment with an oral suspension of nystatin during prolonged periods of
      intensive chemotherapy and severe granulocytopenia. The preparation proved
      ineffective in eliminating colonized Candida species from the oropharynx in ten
      of eleven patients at the time of admission and was of questionable value in
      preventing later colonization in others. The difficulties surrounding the
      identification of systemic candidiasis, its significance in the immunosuppressed
      patient, and the role of topical antifungal prophylaxis are discussed.

PMID- 6592509
TI  - Geographic tongue: sensitivity to the environment.
AB  - The prevalence of geographic tongue was assessed among 102 atopic patients with
      extrinsic asthma and/or rhinitis and was found to be significantly greater in
      these patients than in an asymptomatic, nonatopic control population. However,
      there was no difference between the prevalence of geographic tongue among atopic
      patients with extrinsic asthma and rhinitis as compared to a group of patients
      with asthma and rhinitis who were not atopic. These findings suggest that
      geographic tongue is a sign common to those patients who have a tendency to
      develop recurrent acute inflammatory disease on surfaces in contact with the
      external environment (for example, asthma or rhinitis), whether they are atopic
      or not.

PMID- 6592510
TI  - The mixed odontogenic tumors.
AB  - This article attempts to clarify the interrelationships of the so-called mixed
      odontogenic tumors. The difficulty in distinguishing histologically between the
      ameloblastic fibroma and the ameloblastic fibro-odontoma on the one hand and the
      developing odontoma on the other is emphasized. Also discussed is the
      desirability of discarding some terms used for histologic variants of
      ameloblastic fibroma, such as immature dentinoma and ameloblastic fibrodentinoma.

PMID- 6592511
TI  - Warty dyskeratoma of the oral mucosa. Correlated light and electron microscopic
      study.
AB  - A warty dyskeratoma arising from the palatal mucosa of a 36-year-old man was
      studied by light and electron microscopy. The ultrastructural features of this
      lesion were compared with those of the lesions of Darier's disease. Histologic
      sections showed a keratin-filled depression of the epithelial surface, suprabasal
      clefting, and acantholytic, dyskeratotic grains and corps ronds. Electron
      microscopic examination revealed a decrease in the number of intact attachment
      sites on the surfaces of the epithelial cells adjacent to the suprabasal cleft.
      Acantholytic grains within the cleft contained dense bands of tonofilaments and
      were devoid of attachment sites. Corps ronds within the stratum granulosum
      appeared as dyskeratotic vacuolated cells. Warty dyskeratomas and the lesions of
      Darier's disease are clinically distinct, but the acantholytic and dyskeratotic
      cells characteristic of both show many ultrastructural similarities.

PMID- 6592512
TI  - Malignant lymphoepithelial lesion of the submandibular gland.
AB  - A case of malignant lymphoepithelial lesion of the submandibular gland is
      reported and the literature is reviewed. This neoplasm has been described
      frequently in Eskimos and is usually located in the parotid gland. The
      histogenesis of the lesion is discussed. The tumor shows local aggressiveness,
      with frequent recurrences and metastases to regional lymph nodes. Surgical
      treatment consisting of wide resection of the tumor with regional lymph node
      dissection, with or without radiotherapy, seems to be the most appropriate
      therapy.

PMID- 6592513
TI  - The pulpal response to topically applied citric acid.
AB  - Citric acid is currently being used to aid in the reattachment of periodontal
      tissues to tooth roots which have become separated as a result of periodontitis.
      The present study examines the effect of topically applied citric acid on the
      dental pulp. Citric acid, pH 1, was applied for 3 minutes on instrumented
      premolar teeth in six dogs. As a control, saline solution was applied on
      similarly instrumented premolars. The teeth were removed 1, 6, 24, 48, 72, and
      144 hours after citric acid application. After histologic preparation, the pulps
      were examined for inflammatory cell infiltrates, odontoblast displacement into
      the dentinal tubules, hyperemic capillaries in the odontoblast layer, hemorrhage,
      abscess formation, irregular dentin, and the thickness of the dentin remaining
      beneath the treated area. There was no statistically significant response to the
      citric acid over the saline controls. Nor was the pulpal response, as examined
      above, correlated to the thickness of the remaining dentin. The results suggest
      that citric acid, pH 1, when applied to tooth roots during surgical reattachment
      therapy, does not adversely affect the pulp.

PMID- 6592514
TI  - Endodontic flap design: analysis and recommendations for current usage.
AB  - An endodontic flap design, which may be used as an alternative to the presently
      described endodontic flaps, is presented. This flap involves a full-thickness
      dissection with easily recognizable landmarks and straight-line incisions. A
      beveled horizontal incision is designed to incorporate the maximum amount of
      facial keratinized tissue into the body of the flap, while leaving the
      interproximal tissues untouched. The resultant flap is easily replaced with
      interrupted sutures to the stable interproximal papillae. Healing is rapid, with
      excellent esthetic results.

PMID- 6592515
TI  - Filling of the lateral canal. Report of two cases.
AB  - In this article two cases, each involving an inflamed lateral canal, are
      reported. The lateral canals were fully filled with Oxpara paste by slight
      overfilling. The management principles of lateral and accessory canals are
      briefly mentioned as well.

PMID- 6592516
TI  - The effectiveness of the thyroid shield in dental radiology.
AB  - The effectiveness of the thyroid shield in reducing patient exposure during
      routine dental radiographic examinations was studied. A nonscreen film and two
      film-screen combinations were used as dosimeters and to show the spatial
      distribution of x-ray exposure. The error in the absolute accuracy of the film
      dosimeter and the error in the reproducibility of the film-screen combinations
      were less than +/- 10%. Measurements of thyroid exposure and exposure
      distribution, with and without the shield, were made on a Rando phantom and on
      patients. In the phantom study, the reduction by the shield of exposure to the
      thyroid from primary beam and from scatter was found to be highly dependent on
      the position of the primary beam relative to the thyroid gland but independent of
      kVp. Exposure reduction by the shield varied from 5% to 56% for a complete-mouth
      survey, 2% to 18% for a bitewing survey, and 10% to 79% for a panoramic survey.
      In the patient study, thyroid skin exposures measured on adults were 33% to 84%
      lower in offices in which the shield was used as compared to offices in which it
      was not used. Thyroid skin exposures measured on children were 63% to 92% lower.
      In accordance with the ALARA principle, these results support the routine use of
      the thyroid shield for all dental radiography.

PMID- 6592517
TI  - An unusually large tonsillolith.

PMID- 6592518
TI  - Fusion involving both maxillary central incisors.

PMID- 6592519
TI  - Styloid processes simulating avulsed tooth in a trauma patient.

PMID- 6592520
TI  - Probe placement during electric pulp-testing procedures.
AB  - Electrode placement sites during electric pulp-testing procedures on the crown of
      a tooth were evaluated in a laboratory setting using thirty-one extracted teeth,
      an oscilloscope, and a new electric pulp tester (Digital Analytical Pulp Tester).
      This study showed that the lowest resistance occurred on the occlusal two-thirds
      electrode sites of the labial or buccal surfaces of maxillary incisors and
      premolars. More specifically, the middle-third electrode sites of the incisors
      and the occlusal-third electrode sites of the premolars were shown to have the
      least resistance. The electrode placement area on the crown where the pulp nerve
      is first excited to threshold must be identified to avoid false-positive
      stimulation of surrounding periodontal nerves. This will decrease nerve damage
      and ensure the patient's cooperation and acceptance.

PMID- 6592521
TI  - Xerostomia: diagnosis and treatment planning considerations.
AB  - Long-term xerostomia results in a poor prognosis for the remaining dentition,
      existing restorations, and denture acceptance. The dentist must be able to
      recognize xerostomia by the clinical signs and the potential for xerostomia on
      the basis of a medical history, since xerostomia may not always be the patient's
      chief complaint. A literature review concerning the etiology, diagnosis, and
      management of xerostomia is presented.

PMID- 6592522
TI  - Late onset of mandibular and lingual dysesthesia secondary to postextraction
      infection.

PMID- 6592523
TI  - Temporomandibular joint function and morphology: observations on the spectra of
      normalcy.
AB  - Improved knowledge of "normal" temporomandibular joint function and morphology is
      a basic requisite for the recognition and diagnosis of TMJ abnormalities. Indeed,
      until such knowledge exists, care must be exercised in the clinical,
      radiographic, arthrographic, and histologic diagnosis of abnormal
      temporomandibular structure and/or function. This article discusses variations in
      TMJ function and morphology in Class I persons and those with skeletal Class II
      open-bite and Class II deep-bite dentofacial morphologies. These differences are
      explained on the basis of accepted principles of biomechanics and its influences
      on cartilaginous growth and bone modeling.

PMID- 6592524
TI  - Cryosurgical removal of a large oral hemangioma.
AB  - Hemangiomas can present difficult management problems to the oral and
      maxillofacial surgeon when their removal is indicated. This article outlines
      total resolution of a large hemangioma with cryosurgery. The technique is simple
      to use, requiring a single treatment with minimal morbidity and patient
      discomfort.

PMID- 6592525
TI  - The treatment of erosive lichen planus with a retinoid--etretinate.
AB  - The synthetic retinoid, etretinate, has been used to treat ten patients with
      erosive lichen planus of the oral mucosa. Beneficial effects were minimal, with
      only a slight decrease in the areas of ulceration being recorded after 8 weeks of
      therapy. Side effects were common and troublesome, however, outweighing the
      marginal improvement.

PMID- 6592526
TI  - An unusual case of oral pigmentation.
AB  - Pigmentation of the oral mucosa may be a sign of underlying systemic disease. An
      unusual case of what appeared clinically as mucosal pigmentation was shown
      eventually to be minocycline-related pigmentation of the underlying alveolar
      bone. If this manifestation of bone discoloration is recognized, unnecessary
      investigation may be avoided.

PMID- 6592527
TI  - A fruit-mouthwash chemical burn. Report of a case.
AB  - A case of an unusual chemical burn, confined to masticatory mucosa, produced by
      abusive fresh fruit ingestion and concommitant excessive use of mouthwashes, is
      reported. Clinical presentation, histopathological appearance and related factors
      are presented and discussed.

PMID- 6592528
TI  - Histopathologic spectrum of oral Kaposi's sarcoma.
AB  - There has been a striking increase in the incidence of oral Kaposi's sarcoma in
      association with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Oral lesions are seen
      in approximately 50% of AIDS patients with Kaposi's sarcoma. Lesions may appear
      as a flat or raised pigmented area, often resembling a benign vascular lesion,
      and are commonly found on the palate. Useful histopathologic criteria for the
      recognition and diagnosis of oral Kaposi's sarcoma include (1) atypical vascular
      channels (especially in early lesions), (2) a prominent spindle cell component in
      later lesions, (3) extravasated red blood cells, (4) hemosiderin, (5) the
      presence of eosinophilic bodies, (6) chronic inflammatory cells in early lesions,
      and (7) mitotic figures in tumor-stage lesions.

PMID- 6592529
TI  - The so-called eruption sequestrum.
AB  - The literature relating to so-called eruption sequestra is reviewed. Two cases in
      which there were calcified fragments adjacent to the crowns of all four first
      molars are described. Histologic evidence suggests that these calcified fragments
      consist of a cementum-like substance formed within the follicle, and not
      sequestrated bone.

PMID- 6592530
TI  - Identification of autoantibodies in human dental pulp by latex-slide
      agglutination.

PMID- 6592531
TI  - Macrophages isolated from periapical granuloma: a scanning electron microscopic
      study.
AB  - Macrophages isolated from human periapical granulomas were observed under the
      scanning electron microscope to analyze the surface architecture of the cell
      membrane. There were marked variations in form, degree of cell spreading, and
      surface morphology among macrophages of the same specimen. In addition, active
      phagocytosis of foreign particles or erythrocytes and close contact with other
      cells were observed. Our findings suggest that these events may represent
      different states of macrophage activation and provide the basis for further
      studies on the role of macrophages in host defense mechanisms.

PMID- 6592532
TI  - The predictive value of endodontic diagnostic tests.
AB  - The diagnostic usefulness of common endodontic tests was evaluated through the
      retrospective analysis of studies in which histologic examinations were
      performed. In general, tests were able to adequately identify persons who were
      likely to be free of disease but were substantially less effective in identifying
      disease-positive persons. Thus, persons who are test-positive for irreversible
      pulpal disease are frequently disease-negative on the basis of histologic
      examination. These findings suggest that practitioners continue to use all
      available evidence in making a diagnosis of irreversible pulpal disease.

PMID- 6592533
TI  - Patient risk from interproximal radiography.
AB  - Computer simulation methods for determining patient dose from dental radiography
      have demonstrated that patient risk from a two-film interproximal examination
      ranges from 1.1 X 10(-8) to 3.4 X 10(-7) using 90-kVp beams, depending on film
      speed, projection technique, and age and sex of the patient. Further, changing
      from a short-cone round-beam to a long-cone technique with rectangular
      collimation reduces risk by a factor of 2.9, independent of other factors.

PMID- 6592534
TI  - Anteriorly displaced temporomandibular joint articular disk. Report of a case
      diagnosed by computed tomography.
AB  - The diagnosis of anterior displacement of a temporomandibular joint articular
      disk was made with computed tomography and documented with conventional
      arthrography. We are reporting the case to show the potential value of computed
      tomography for evaluating problems of the temporomandibular joint. The patient
      underwent thin-section axial computed tomography with advanced software imaging
      techniques. The articular disk was evident on the scan. It was anterior to the
      condyle and inferior to the articular eminence. Further studies are planned to
      determine whether computed tomography can supplement or possibly supplant
      conventional arthrography in the diagnosis of soft-tissue disorders of the
      temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6592535
TI  - Detection and measurement of approximal radiolucencies by computer-aided image
      analysis.
AB  - Serial standardized bitewing radiography permits monitoring of the development of
      approximal carious lesions. A quantitative method using image-analysis techniques
      was developed. Only certain types of hardware proved capable of processing this
      complex image adequately. A computer-aided, software-driven, TV-based system
      incorporating an image memory, recursive filtration, and 256 gray-level
      resolution, which can both detect and measure approximal enamel radiolucencies
      produced by natural carious lesions, has been developed. The radiolucent boundary
      is delineated, displayed, and plotted to scale. For the first time, objective
      values for depth, area, width, perimeter, and "degree of radiolucency" can be
      automatically derived. Currently the system is seen as a tool in caries research;
      in the future such systems may have wider applications.

PMID- 6592536
TI  - Transposed supernumerary premolar in occlusion.

PMID- 6592537
TI  - [Bone changes in long-term remission in leukemic children].

PMID- 6592538
TI  - The activity of hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase in glycogen storage
      disease: evidence for a circulating inhibitor of postheparin lipolytic activity.
AB  - This study was designed to investigate the greatly reduced activities of hepatic
      lipase and lipoprotein lipase in postheparin plasma of patients with glycogen
      storage disease (GSD). Evidence for the presence of a circulating inhibitor in
      the plasma of GSD patients prior to the establishment of metabolic control was
      provided by the following observations. The hepatic lipase activity from patients
      with GSD gave a nonlinear relationship with time, maximum activity being obtained
      after 5 min whereas normal postheparin plasma showed a linear relationship for at
      least 20 min. The addition of GSD plasma to a normal postheparin plasma resulted
      in inhibition of the normal postheparin lipolytic activity. The inhibition showed
      a dose response, with 10 and 30 microliter of the GSD plasma giving 22 and 65%
      inhibition after 20 min, respectively. Serial dilution of GSD postheparin plasma
      gave increasing activity of hepatic lipase when expressed per ml of plasma. Thus,
      a 1:100 dilution gave a normal activity of 15 mumol/ml/h whereas a 1:10 dilution
      gave less than 10% of this activity. After affinity chromatography of the GSD
      postheparin plasma on heparin/Sepharose, the inhibition was removed and a normal
      lipolytic activity was obtained.

PMID- 6592539
TI  - [Generalized glycogenosis in a 3-month-old infant].

PMID- 6592540
TI  - [Perioprosthetic treatment--a case report].

PMID- 6592541
TI  - The influence of substituents in 99mTc-benzylidenediphosphonate complexes on
      their organ distribution in rats.
AB  - The biodistribution of a series of new 99mTc-benzylidenediphosphonate complexes
      (99mTc-BDP) in rats was found to vary considerably with substituents in the alpha
      (X) and para (R) position of the BDP ligands. From the in vivo behaviour of the
      99mTc-BDP complexes the following conclusions could be drawn: 1. the blood
      clearance was accelerated by X = NH2; 2. the kidney uptake was decreased by X =
      OH; 3. the bone uptake was enhanced by X = OH and R = OH; and 4. R = Cl retarded
      the blood clearance, increased the kidney and lowered the bone uptake. A
      subcutaneously transplantable osteosarcoma was tested with 99mTc-BDP complexes as
      a bone lesion model. Although rapidly growing the osteosarcoma accumulated less
      activity than the femur diaphysis. The small amount of binding sites in the tumor
      tissue for osteotropic radiopharmaceuticals was attributed to the formation of
      necroses.

PMID- 6592542
TI  - Pediatric vital signs: recording methods and interpretations.

PMID- 6592543
TI  - Caries-like lesion formation around occlusal alloy and preventive resin
      restorations.

PMID- 6592544
TI  - Direct microscopic features of subgingival plaque in localized and generalized
      juvenile periodontitis.

PMID- 6592545
TI  - Developmental defects in the primary dentition of low birth-weight infants:
      adverse effects of laryngoscopy and prolonged endotracheal intubation.

PMID- 6592546
TI  - Periodontal disease in healthy children: two clinical reports.

PMID- 6592547
TI  - Background comparisons of pre-31/2-year-old children with nursing caries in four
      practice settings.

PMID- 6592548
TI  - Fusion of maxillary incisors.

PMID- 6592549
TI  - Foreign body in tongue: clinical report.

PMID- 6592550
TI  - Trauma to the primary incisors and its effect on the permanent successors.

PMID- 6592551
TI  - Dental defects in the deciduous dentition of premature infants with low birth
      weight and neonatal rickets.

PMID- 6592552
TI  - Effect of mouthrinsing with a 0.2 per cent neutral NaF solution on the deciduous
      dentition of first to third grade school children.

PMID- 6592553
TI  - Oral self-mutilation in a child with congenital toxoplasmosis: a clinical report.

PMID- 6592554
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics of intravenous methotrexate in children with neoplasms of the
      hematopoietic system].

PMID- 6592555
TI  - [Various properties of metal dental blade implants].

PMID- 6592556
TI  - [Perspectives and problems of preventive dentistry in gerontology].

PMID- 6592557
TI  - [Adjustment of the cephalostat].

PMID- 6592558
TI  - [Exogenous pigmentation of the oral mucosa. Pigmentation caused by exogenous
      pigments applied to the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6592559
TI  - [Elastic impression materials for removable dentures].

PMID- 6592560
TI  - [Exogenous pigmentation of oral mucosa].

PMID- 6592561
TI  - [Orthodontic care in Czech Socialist Republic. II. Orthodontic care centers].

PMID- 6592562
TI  - [Gingival indexes].

PMID- 6592563
TI  - [Solitary skeletal lesions as the initial manifestation of systemic hematologic
      diseases. A contribution to the differential pathologic diagnosis of malignant
      bone tumors].

PMID- 6592564
TI  - [Congenital leukemia with excessive tumorous infiltration of the pancreas].

PMID- 6592565
TI  - [Experimental contribution to a caries prevention program: fluoride content in
      the enamel of deciduous teeth in subjects with a high caries incidence].

PMID- 6592566
TI  - [Amine fluoride or monofluorophosphate?].

PMID- 6592567
TI  - [Chlorhexidine: review of the literature].

PMID- 6592568
TI  - [Role and education of dental auxiliary personnel in the member states of the
      Counsel of Europe and in Finland].

PMID- 6592569
TI  - [Preventive dental intervention in elementary schools: methodological statement].

PMID- 6592570
TI  - [A test to verify the level of dental preventive information].

PMID- 6592571
TI  - [Organoleptic evaluation and intraoral hygiene effect of the liquid dentifrice
      Hydrojet for use with irrigation devices].

PMID- 6592572
TI  - [Health status of the dento-gingival complex in the deciduous dentition of the
      population in Bergamo].

PMID- 6592573
TI  - [Fluoridation of milk].

PMID- 6592574
TI  - [Organization of children's preventive dentistry].

PMID- 6592575
TI  - [Dental caries incidence in an elementary school population on the Island of
      Procida].

PMID- 6592576
TI  - [True and false hyperdivergence].

PMID- 6592577
TI  - [More words on hygiene and dental prevention: various practical suggestions].

PMID- 6592578
TI  - Identification and characterization of cDNA clones specific for cholesterol side
      chain cleavage cytochrome P-450.
AB  - Two overlapping cDNA clones (pBSCC-1 and pBSCC-2) bearing inserts approximately
      equal to 425 and approximately equal to 950 base pairs long, respectively, which
      are specific for bovine cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P-450 (P
      450scc), have been identified by using two differential hybridization screening
      procedures followed by hybrid-selected RNA translation. By using these cloned
      cDNAs as hybridization probes, an RNA species was identified that had the
      properties expected of mRNA specific for P-450scc with respect to tissue
      specificity, corticotropin (ACTH)-mediated regulation of synthesis, and size of
      the protein product synthesized in vitro. In RNA samples obtained from bovine
      adrenal cortex, from bovine corpus luteum, and from cultured bovine
      adrenocortical cells, it was found that P-450scc is encoded by mRNA species
      approximately equal to 2000 bases long, a majority of which are polyadenylylated.
      P-450scc mRNA was not detected in RNA samples prepared from bovine heart, liver,
      and kidney. Treatment of cultured bovine adrenocortical cells with ACTH resulted
      in the appearance of elevated levels of P-450scc mRNA within 8 hr. Thus, ACTH
      promotes the enhancement of P-450scc gene transcription or acts to stabilize the
      transcripts. When pBSCC-2 cDNA was used to probe high molecular weight bovine DNA
      following treatment with restriction endonucleases, a simple pattern of
      hybridization was observed indicating that P-450scc may be encoded by a single
      gene.

PMID- 6592579
TI  - Thymine glycol and thymidine glycol in human and rat urine: a possible assay for
      oxidative DNA damage.
AB  - Thymine glycol is a DNA damage product of ionizing radiation and other oxidative
      mutagens. In an attempt to find a noninvasive assay for oxidative DNA damage in
      individuals, we have developed an HPLC assay for free thymine glycol and
      thymidine glycol in urine. Our results indicate that humans excrete about 32 nmol
      of the two glycols per day. Rats, which have a higher specific metabolic rate and
      a shorter life span, excrete about 15 times more thymine glycol plus thymidine
      glycol per kg of body weight than do humans. We present evidence that thymine
      glycol and thymidine glycol are likely to be derived from repair of oxidized DNA,
      rather than from alternative sources such as the diet or bacterial flora. This
      noninvasive assay of DNA oxidation products may allow the direct testing of
      current theories which relate oxidative metabolism to the processes of aging and
      cancer in man.

PMID- 6592580
TI  - Tunicamycin blocks neuritogenesis and glucosamine labeling of gangliosides in
      developing cerebral neuron cultures.
AB  - Fetal cerebral neurons at the initiation of active neurite outgrowth in culture
      incorporate 4-fold more [3H]glucosamine into glycoproteins than into the cellular
      lipid fraction. After 8 days or longer, when a well-developed fiber network is
      apparent, lipids are labeled more extensively than the glycoproteins. Labeling of
      the latter is inhibited 95% and 89% by 0.5 microgram of tunicamycin per ml added
      to 1-day-old and 8-day-old cultures, respectively. Labeling of glycolipids is
      inhibited 30% in 1-day-old and 86% in 8-day-old cultures. Tunicamycin blocks
      incorporation of glucosamine label into practically all ganglioside species
      except for a resorcinol-positive, sialidase-sensitive band tentatively identified
      as GQ1b tetrasialoganglioside (Svennerholm ganglioside nomenclature). It also
      substantially reduces binding of 125I-labeled tetanus toxin to intact cells.
      There is 14% and 27% reduction in the total ganglioside sialic acid content in 1
      day-old and 8-day-old cells treated for 24 hr with 0.5 microgram of tunicamycin
      per ml, but no substantial compositional changes are encountered. Tunicamycin
      blocks neurite outgrowth when added to cells soon after plating but causes no
      retraction or losses of fibers once the fiber network is established. Therefore,
      inhibition of neurite outgrowth by tunicamycin is not due to an effect on
      cellular gangliosides but can be correlated to an inhibition of protein
      glycosylation.

PMID- 6592581
TI  - Mapping of N6-methyladenosine residues in bovine prolactin mRNA.
AB  - N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) residues, which are found internally in viral and
      cellular mRNA populations at the sequences Apm6ApC and Gpm6ApC, have been
      proposed to play a role in mRNA processing and transport. We have developed a
      sensitive approach to analyze the level and location of m6A in specific purified
      cellular mRNAs in an attempt to correlate m6A location with function.
      Polyadenylylated mRNA is hybridized to cDNA clones representing the full size
      mRNA under study or fragments of it, and the protected RNA is digested and
      labeled with polynucleotide kinase in vitro. After enrichment for m6A with anti
      m6A antibody, the [32P]-pm6A is separated on TLC plates, and compared with the
      total amount of radiolabeled nucleotides. Using this combination of in vitro RNA
      labeling and antibody selection, we were able to detect m6A in purified stable
      mRNAs that cannot be readily labeled in cells with greater sensitivity than was
      possible by previous techniques. We applied this technique to bovine prolactin
      mRNA and showed that this mRNA contains m6A. Moreover, all of the m6A residues in
      this message are found within the 3' two-thirds of the molecule and are highly
      concentrated (61%) within a sequence of 108 nucleotides at the 3' noncoding
      region of the message. The nonrandom distribution of m6A in a specific cellular
      mRNA, as demonstrated for bovine prolactin, will have to be taken into account
      when designing a model for m6A function.

PMID- 6592582
TI  - Accumulation of DNA strand breaks and methotrexate cytotoxicity.
AB  - There was a progressive formation of strand breaks in mature DNA of Ehrlich
      ascites tumor cells that were treated with methotrexate. Cells were labeled with
      [14C]thymidine before incubation with methotrexate, and DNA strand breaks were
      measured by alkaline and by neutral filter elution methods. DNA single-strand
      breaks accumulated in a linear fashion as a function of time during the first 10
      hr of incubation with 2 microM methotrexate. Thereafter, the accumulation of DNA
      strand breaks deviated from linearity because of progressive cell death. The
      extent of DNA strand breakage in cells that had been incubated with methotrexate
      for 24 hr was as high as in cells that had been irradiated with 300 rads. DNA
      strand breaks persisted in cells that were incubated, after exposure to
      methotrexate, in medium containing thymidine, hypoxanthine, and nonessential
      amino acids, indicating that these strand breaks were poorly repaired. Cell death
      commenced after 10 hr of incubation with methotrexate and continued during the
      following 3-4 days. These findings suggest that cell death was due to a lethal
      accumulation of DNA strand breaks. The formation of DNA strand breaks is probably
      due to inefficient DNA repair, resulting from the inhibition of syntheses of
      thymidylate and of purine nucleotides. The accumulation of DNA strand breaks was
      minimal in growth-arrested cells, which are resistant to methotrexate toxicity.

PMID- 6592583
TI  - Theory of Mossbauer spectra of proteins fluctuating between conformational
      substates.
AB  - Mossbauer spectra of 57Fe in proteins fluctuating between different
      conformational substates are evaluated by means of a two-sided Padee
      approximation, which can reproduce the low and high frequency dependence of the
      spectral line shape I(omega) to any desired accuracy. The dynamics of the atom is
      modeled as Brownian motion in a multiminimum potential and described by a Fokker
      Planck equation. The Mossbauer spectrum is expanded in terms of Lorentzian
      contributions, which can be attributed separately to fluctuations between
      conformational substates (potential minima) and to relaxation within the
      substates. In the limit of closely spaced substates, the Mossbauer spectra can be
      accounted for by an effective diffusion coefficient with Arrhenius-type
      temperature dependence. We demonstrate that the observed temperature dependence
      of Mossbauer spectra of proteins [Parak, F., Knapp, E.W. & Kucheida, D. (1982) J.
      Mol. Biol. 161, 177-194] can be accounted for by stochastic motion in a
      multiminimum potential.

PMID- 6592585
TI  - Phase changes at the end of a microtubule with a GTP cap.
AB  - Examination of Monte Carlo kinetic simulations, based on a realistic set of
      microscopic rate constants that apply to the end of a microtubule with a GTP cap,
      suggests that the end of a microtubule alternates between two quasimacroscopic
      phases. In one phase, the microtubule end has a GTP cap that fluctuates in size;
      in the other phase, the GTP cap has been lost. These repeated phase changes take
      place at any given tubulin concentration in a wide range of concentrations. While
      in the first phase, the microtubule grows slowly; while in the second phase, it
      shortens rapidly and may disappear completely. These results are closely related
      to the recent experimental work of Mitchison and Kirschner [Mitchison, T. &
      Kirschner, M.W. (1984) Nature (London), in press].

PMID- 6592584
TI  - Differential adhesion of tumor cells to capillary endothelial cells in vitro.
AB  - Adhesion studies were carried out to determine the relative ability of glioma
      cells and ovary-derived teratoma cells to adhere to endothelial cells obtained
      from mouse brain capillaries (designated MBE cell line) or mouse ovaries
      (designated MOE cell line). The teratoma cells showed preferential adhesion to
      MOE cells, whereas the glioma cells showed preferential adhesion to the MBE cell
      line. In contrast, the glioma and teratoma cells adhered equally to L929 and 3T3
      fibroblasts. A testicular teratoma with ovary-seeking properties in vivo also
      adhered preferentially to MOE cells, while the preference for MBE cells was
      shared by glioma cells with an endothelioma and a bladder tumor line. The
      endothelioma, interestingly, showed a marked preferential adhesion to 3T3 cells,
      thus distinguishing it from the glioma. The experiments demonstrate that
      capillary endothelial cells derived from different sources are not alike and that
      differences expressed at the cell surface of these cells can be distinguished by
      tumor cells.

PMID- 6592586
TI  - Injection of partially purified estrogen receptor protein from Xenopus liver
      nuclei into oocytes activates the silent vitellogenin locus.
AB  - Injection of extracts from Xenopus liver nuclei that are enriched 2000 times in
      estradiol receptor into Xenopus oocytes induces transcription of the silent
      vitellogenin locus, which is activated in liver by estradiol, but not of the
      albumin locus, which is active in liver but suppressed by high levels of
      estradiol. Transcription initiates within the 5'-end region of the gene we have
      studied and probably continues into the 3' third. The activation seems to be very
      efficient, but most of the primary transcripts are probably rapidly and
      inaccurately processed. New proteins are also made and secreted by the oocytes.

PMID- 6592588
TI  - Linear organization of the liver cell adhesion molecule L-CAM.
AB  - A linear model of the liver cell adhesion molecule L-CAM from embryonic chickens
      is proposed in terms of its orientation on the cell surface, the number, type,
      and distribution of carbohydrate moieties, and sites of phosphorylation. L-CAM is
      isolated from cell membranes as a glycoprotein of Mr = 124,000. A soluble
      fragment (Ft1) of Mr = 81,000 can be released from cells by digestion with
      trypsin in the presence of calcium. Radiochemical amino acid sequence analyses
      indicated that both polypeptides have the same sequence for the first 10 amino
      acids, suggesting that fragment Ft1 contains the amino terminus of the L-CAM
      molecule and that the carboxyl-terminal portion of the peptide chain is
      associated with the cell. Digestions with endoglycosidase H and endoglycosidase F
      indicated that Ft1 has all of the N-linked carbohydrate groups associated with
      the larger species, including one high mannose oligosaccharide and three complex
      oligosaccharides. When hepatocytes were grown in the presence of 32PO4, 32P was
      detected in phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues of intact L-CAM, but
      little or no 32P was detected in Ft1, suggesting that L-CAM is phosphorylated in
      the carboxyl-terminal region. On CNBr cleavage, the bulk of the 32P was detected
      in a single fragment of Mr = 20,000. The overall features of the L-CAM molecule
      incorporated in the model provide a basis for correlating its structure with its
      cell-cell binding activity and for detailed comparisons with similar molecules
      described in mammalian species.

PMID- 6592587
TI  - Differential expression of mRNAs for alpha- and beta-tubulin during
      differentiation of the parasitic protozoan Leishmania mexicana.
AB  - The parasitic protozoan Leishmania mexicana amazonensis has two developmental
      stages: a motile flagellated promastigote stage and a sessile intracellular
      amastigote stage. In our previous work, cells of the promastigote stage were
      found to synthesize more tubulin protein than those of the amastigote stage.
      Here, tubulin mRNAs in these leishmanias were analyzed. Based on dot blot
      hybridization between total leishmanial RNA and tubulin-specific cDNA probes
      derived from chicken brain, amastigotes and promastigotes were found to have
      approximately equal amounts of alpha- and beta-tubulin mRNAs. RNA blotting of
      leishmanial RNA, using chicken tubulin cDNA probes, showed that amastigotes and
      promastigotes both gave a single mRNA species of 2100 nucleotides for alpha
      tubulin in roughly similar quantities. However, such analysis for beta-tubulin
      revealed mainly a single mRNA species of 3600 nucleotides for amastigotes and
      three species of 2800, 3600, and 4400 nucleotides for promastigotes, the smallest
      mRNA being the most predominant. Thus, regulation of gene expression appears to
      be different only for beta-tubulin between the two developmental stages of this
      protozoan.

PMID- 6592589
TI  - Molecular model of ribosome frameshifting.
AB  - Normal tRNAs can cause two- and four-base translocation errors by mistranslating
      certain noncognate codons. Several cases have been reported that reveal the
      identities of the frameshift-provoking tRNAs--i.e., the shifty tRNAs--and the
      mRNA sequence encompassing the site of frameshifting--i.e., the shifty codons.
      Here, a striking uniformity between the anticodon loops of the shifty tRNAs and
      their shifty codons is described. Stable "offset" anti-codon X codon pairs are
      postulated for each of the shifty tRNA-shifty codon combinations. This offset
      anticodon X codon pair leads to two- and four-base translocations when viewed in
      terms of the reciprocating ratchet mechanism of translocation.

PMID- 6592591
TI  - In vitro reprogramming of the photoperiodic clock in an insect brain
      retrocerebral complex.
AB  - Pupal diapause in the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta is a photoperiodically
      induced event expressed by the absence of release of the cerebral peptide
      prothoracicotropic hormone. A short-day photoperiod (light-dark, 12:12) during
      larval development programs the brain to forego the release of prothoracicotropic
      hormone in the pupal stage. Prothoracicotropic hormone release can occur in the
      pupae and diapause can be averted if developing larvae experience an intervening
      long-day photoperiod (light-dark, 16:8) for 3 days early in the last larval
      instar. Implanted brains from larvae that received such long-day stimulation can
      reverse the diapause commitment of short-day-reared diapause-destined larvae,
      thus overriding the diapause program of the recipient. A system was established
      that demonstrated that this photoperiodic reprogramming of the insect's brain
      occurs in vitro. Brain-retrocerebral complexes from day 1 instar larvae were
      cultured in vitro for 3 days under long-day conditions. The effect of this non
      diapause photoperiod on the diapause program of these brain-retrocerebral
      complexes was assessed by assaying the effect of the brains from these cultures
      on the incidence of non-diapause development in diapause-destined larval hosts.
      Brains that received a long-day photoperiod reversed the pupal diapause program
      of the recipient larvae, whereas brains that received a short-day photoperiod
      were ineffective. Therefore, the larval brain-retrocerebral complex of this
      insect is capable of photoperiodic light reception in vitro, in that it can sense
      the number of light-dark cycles to which it is exposed, store this environmental
      input, and express the information 9 days later at another stage of development.
      These findings demonstrate that the photoperiodic clock of an animal can be
      reprogrammed by a light-dark cycle in vitro.

PMID- 6592590
TI  - Liver uptake of chylomicron remnants with high and low apoprotein E:C ratios.
AB  - The ability of the isolated perfused rat liver to differentiate between
      chylomicrons and remnants with either high or low apoprotein E:C ratios was
      investigated. Remnants were prepared in hepatectomized rats injected with
      chylomicrons double-labeled with [3H]cholesterol and 14C-labeled fatty acids. By
      densitometric scanning of polyacrylamide gels, the apoprotein E:C ratio of the
      chylomicrons was 0.8 and that of the remnants was 1.5. When livers were perfused
      with these lipoproteins in a recirculatory system for 4 min, uptake of remnants
      was about 3-fold greater than that of chylomicrons. Preparation of remnants as
      well as chylomicrons with a low apoprotein E:C ratio was achieved by (i) removal
      of all apoproteins from the surface of the lipoproteins by trypsin digestion,
      followed by (ii) transfer of soluble apoproteins from serum lipoproteins to the
      apoprotein-free particles. The apoprotein E:C ratio of the reconstituted
      lipoproteins was decreased from 1.5 to 0.3 for remnants and from 0.8 to 0.2 for
      chylomicrons. In spite of these changes in apoprotein E:C ratios, the hepatic
      uptake of the reconstituted lipoproteins with low apoprotein E:C ratios was
      similar to their unmodified controls. These results indicate that the hepatic
      discrimination between chylomicrons and remnants is not determined by the
      relative amounts of apoproteins E and C on the surface of the lipoproteins.

PMID- 6592592
TI  - Hippocampal denervation causes rapid forgetting of olfactory information in rats.
AB  - Rats were trained on a succession of two-odor discriminations for a water reward
      in a modified radial maze. A different odor pair was used each day. After three
      or four pairs, rats would learn to choose the correct odor in only 3-5 trials.
      Animals were then subjected to electrolytic lesions in the lateral entorhinal
      cortex, which is innervated by the lateral olfactory tract, or in the dorsal
      entorhinal cortex, which is not a target of the olfactory system. Lesions of the
      first type did not interfere with performance, provided a short interval (30 sec
      to 2 min) was used between trials. However, the rats were severely impaired when
      trials were separated by 3-10 min. Dorsal lesions had no effect on olfactory
      discrimination irrespective of length of delay. In additional experiments, the
      rats were trained for 10 trials with short inter-trial intervals and then tested
      1 hr later with the significance of the cues reversed. Animals with dorsal
      lesions continued to respond to the formerly correct odor while those with
      lateral entorhinal damage immediately reversed their response choices. These
      results provide evidence that lesions to the hippocampal system produce a rapid
      forgetting syndrome in rats comparable with that reported for humans with
      temporal lobe damage or dysfunction.

PMID- 6592593
TI  - Rotational isomerism about the 17(20)-bond of steroids and euphoids as shown by
      the crystal structures of euphol and tirucallol.
AB  - The influence of configuration at C-20 on rotation about the 17(20)-bond in
      steroids and euphoids was examined by x-ray crystallographic studies of the C-20
      epimers euphol and tirucallol. The H atom on C-20 was in back next to C-18 in the
      crystal structures of both of the compounds, and C-22 was found to be cis
      oriented ("left-handed") to C-13 in euphol and trans-oriented to it ("right
      handed") in tirucallol. The results, which are consistent with the known left
      handed crystal structure of 24(25)-dihydroeuphol and right-handed crystal
      structure of cholesterol and other natural sterols, lend further credence to the
      earlier suggestion that rotational isomerism at the 17(20)-bond can arise in C-20
      epimers and that there is preference for an arrangement with the 20-H atom
      adjacent to C-18.

PMID- 6592594
TI  - Risk-efficient estimation of the mean exponential survival time under random
      censoring.
AB  - The paper proposes a sequential estimator theta of the parameter theta of an
      exponential distribution when the data are censored. It is shown that theta is
      asymptotically risk efficient when the loss is measured by the squared error of
      estimation of theta plus a linear function of the number of observations and that
      theta is asymptotically normal as the cost per observation goes to zero.

PMID- 6592595
TI  - Isolation of an active transcription initiation complex from HeLa cell-free
      extract.
AB  - A two-step procedure has been developed for the formation of RNA polymerase II
      transcription initiation and elongation complexes. Initiation complexes are
      rapidly formed in HeLa cell-free extract supplemented with a DNA template
      containing the adenovirus 2 major late promoter and ATP. Assembly of
      transcription components required for correct initiation is absolutely dependent
      on specific eukaryotic promoter sequences. Sarkosyl-sensitive transcription
      initiation complexes are rapidly converted to Sarkosyl-resistant elongation
      complexes when supplemented with the remaining nucleoside triphosphates. The 60S
      initiation complex can be extensively purified by glycerol gradient
      centrifugation and is easily separated from free RNA polymerase II and free DNA
      template. Recovery of this stable complex is greater than 90%. Specific
      transcription cannot be detected if the DNA template is subsequently added to
      gradient fractions containing HeLa cell-free extract components alone. This
      suggests that the DNA templates promote the specific assembly of RNA polymerase
      II and transcription factors required for accurate initiation. Since conversion
      of purified initiation complexes to elongation complexes can occur without
      additional HeLa cell components, the presence of transcription components
      required for initiation and elongation in a single complex is indicated.

PMID- 6592596
TI  - Thyrotropin controls transcription of the thyroglobulin gene.
AB  - The availability of rat thyroglobulin cDNA clones was exploited to study the
      regulation of thyroglobulin gene transcription by thyrotropin (TSH). Groups of
      rats were subjected to treatments leading to reduction or increase in the rat
      serum TSH (rTSH) levels. Thyroid gland nuclei were isolated, incubated in vitro
      in the presence of 32P-labeled uridine triphosphate, and thyroglobulin
      transcripts were quantitated by hybridization to immobilized rat thyroglobulin
      cDNA clones. Transcription of the thyroglobulin gene was found to be very active
      in thyroid nuclei from control animals. It represented about 10% of total RNA
      polymerase II activity. Chronic hyperstimulation of the thyroid glands with
      endogenous rTSH was achieved in rats treated with the goitrogen propylthiouracil.
      No significant increase of thyroglobulin gene transcription could be measured in
      thyroid nuclei from these animals. On the contrary, a dramatic decrease in
      thyroglobulin gene transcription was observed in those animals in which
      endogenous rTSH levels had been suppressed by hypophysectomy or by the
      administration of triiodothyronine. Injection of exogenous bovine TSH in such
      animals readily restored transcriptional activity of the gene. Our results
      identify transcription as an important regulatory step involved in TSH action.
      They suggest that normal TSH levels induce close to maximal expression of the
      thyroglobulin gene but that continuous presence of TSH is required in order to
      maintain the gene in an activated state.

PMID- 6592597
TI  - Localization of a fibrin gamma-chain polymerization site within segment Thr-374
      to Glu-396 of human fibrinogen.
AB  - Fibrinogen fragment D1 was converted to fragment D3 by plasmic digestion. This
      conversion eliminates the ability of the fragment to interact with thrombin
      exposed sites on fibrin monomer. Peptides released during this plasmic digestion
      were assayed for the presence of a polymerization site by affinity chromatography
      on fibrin monomer-Sepharose. We found that a 33-residue peptide, corresponding to
      gamma-chain Thr-374 to Lys-406, binds to immobilized fibrin monomer. This peptide
      is a shorter variant of a previously isolated 38-residue peptide (gamma-chain Thr
      374 to Val-411) that contains a polymerization site [Olexa, S. A. & Budzynski, A.
      Z. (1981) J. Biol. Chem. 256, 3544-3549]. The peptide mixture derived from
      fragment D1 was digested further with Staphylococcus aureus protease V8, and a 23
      residue peptide, gamma-chain Thr-374 to Glu-396, carrying a polymerization site,
      was isolated by affinity chromatography. This 23-residue peptide inhibits the
      polymerization of desA-fibrinogen. We conclude that a polymerization site
      complementary to the site exposed by removal of fibrinopeptide A is present in
      this segment. The localization of the polymerization site within the gamma-chain
      segment 374-396 implies that the polymerization site does not overlap with
      segments of the gamma-chain that are responsible for platelet aggregation and for
      Staphylococcus clumping (residues 400-411 and 397-411, respectively) or with the
      residues involved in factor XIIIa-catalyzed fibrin crosslinking (Gln-398 and Lys
      406).

PMID- 6592598
TI  - Cytoplasmic acidosis as a determinant of flooding intolerance in plants.
AB  - We present evidence that cytoplasmic acidosis is a cause of meristematic death in
      hypoxic root tips of maize and pea seedlings. Usually, leakage of acid from the
      vacuole is responsible for cytoplasmic acidosis. Leakage of acid, which occurs
      earlier during hypoxia in pea root tips than in maize root tips, appears to
      account for the lower tolerance of peas for hypoxia. Cytoplasmic acidosis is
      accelerated in maize root tips that are either (i) deficient in alcohol
      dehydrogenase, so that lactic acid production continues throughout hypoxia, or
      (ii) exposed to external CO2 during hypoxia, or (iii) perfused slowly so that
      escape of CO2 produced during ethanolic fermentation is retarded. All three
      conditions decrease the length of time maize root tips can tolerate hypoxia; more
      rapid cytoplasmic acidosis is associated with more rapid death under hypoxia.
      Possible mechanisms by which cytoplasmic acidosis leads to death are suggested;
      the mechanism does not involve inhibition of glycolysis by low pH.

PMID- 6592599
TI  - Homology of adenoviral E3 glycoprotein with HLA-DR heavy chain.
AB  - The Mr 19,000 adenovirus glycoproteins coded by the E3 region that is expressed
      on the cell membrane and presumably binds to HLA class I antigen shows sequence
      homology to the alpha-chain of human HLA-DR and to the kappa-chain of human IgM.
      The homology extends to a conserved domain present in all of the major
      histocompatibility complex antigens, beta 2-microglobulins, and immunoglobulins.
      Predicted beta-sheet secondary structures are similar between the Mr 19,000
      adenovirus protein and these immune system proteins. Evolutionary and functional
      implications of the homology are discussed.

PMID- 6592601
TI  - Self-organization in macromolecular systems: the notion of adaptive value.
AB  - Self-organization in macromolecular systems refers to the transition from a
      random assembly of interacting oligomers to a system of stable heteropolymers.
      The concept of adaptive value describes the correlation between environmental
      variability and the variability in replication and mutation rates of the
      interacting oligomers. This paper describes a model of self-organization in
      macromolecular systems based on the concept of adaptive value. The equilibrium
      states of a set of interacting polymers are described by states that maximize the
      adaptive value. The analytic basis for this notion of equilibrium, which is
      called the adaptive value principle, is given and this principle is invoked to
      explain two examples of macromolecular self-assembly.

PMID- 6592600
TI  - Endocytosis in alveolar type II cells: effect of charge and size of tracers.
AB  - The type II cell of the alveolar epithelium of adult rats has been studied by
      electron microscopy to determine its ability to endocytose electron-dense tracers
      of differing molecular charge and size. The tracers studied were native (anionic)
      ferritin, cationic ferritin, 70-kilodalton dextran, and colloidal carbon.
      Alveolar macrophages ingested all tracers in large amounts, while type II cells
      took up significant amounts of cationic ferritin only. This tracer was observed,
      in sequence, within small pinocytic vesicles, large electron-lucent
      multivesicular bodies, small electron-dense multivesicular bodies, and, by 30 min
      after instillation, within the nonlamellar matrix of lamellar bodies. By 2 hr all
      lamellar bodies in any labeled cell contained cationic ferritin. Cationic
      ferritin also appeared to be transported from alveoli to interstitium by vesicles
      of type II, but not type I, cells. Native ferritin and dextran were observed in
      the same organelles as cationic ferritin but in much smaller amounts; colloidal
      carbon was not taken up by type II cells. These tracers were not observed in the
      alveolar interstitium. Type II cells therefore appear to internalize
      preferentially the tracer that binds to the cell membrane. Once within the cell,
      the tracer may enter a pathway that terminates in a lamellar body or, in the case
      of cationic ferritin, may be ferried across the cell.

PMID- 6592602
TI  - Group selection for a polygenic behavioral trait: estimating the degree of
      population subdivision.
AB  - For assessing the degree of population subdivision, and therefore the extent to
      which group selection might favor an altruistic trait, an appropriate measure is
      Nei's GST, defined by (F0-F)/(1-F). F0 is the probability that two alleles drawn
      from the same group are identical in state and F is the probability for two
      alleles drawn at random from the entire population. These probabilities can be
      assessed from molecular polymorphisms. GST has a number of properties that make
      it useful for empirical studies. When the mutation rate is small relative to the
      migration rate and the reciprocal of the group size, GST depends mainly on the
      absolute number of migrants per generation, moves rapidly to near equilibrium,
      and is independent of the number of alleles. The relative homogenizing effect of
      migration in the island and stepping-stone models is not as different as might be
      expected; one immigrant chosen randomly from the rest of the population is only
      one to two times as effective as one from a neighboring group, appreciably
      exceeding 2 only when there are 1000 or more groups. The use of molecular data to
      estimate the degree of population subdivision may permit testable predictions of
      the extent of altruistic behavior.

PMID- 6592603
TI  - Search, encounter rates, and the evolution of anisogamy.
AB  - We describe analytical and numerical models to study gamete encounters in two and
      three dimensions between differently sized gametes without assuming pre-existing
      mating types. Our results indicate that an isogamous population can be
      successfully invaded by a gametangium if it produces gametes of a different size.
      The existence of a low adaptive peak for isogamy and a much higher adaptive peak
      for anisogamy suggests that stochastic forces may be initially important in
      driving isogamy through the fitness saddle to anisogamy.

PMID- 6592604
TI  - Structural analysis of human adult and fetal alkaline phosphatases by cyanogen
      bromide peptide mapping.
AB  - The adult and fetal forms of human intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALPase;
      orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.1) are indistinguishable by
      a variety of analytical procedures. However, they differ electrophoretically and
      can be differentiated by binding studies with monoclonal antibodies. In this
      report, these two enzymes along with placental and liver ALPases are compared by
      the technique of CNBr peptide mapping, and the role of carbohydrate in generating
      these patterns is investigated. NaDodSO4/PAGE of CNBr digests of radiolabeled
      ALPases from fetal and adult intestine shows that these two isozymes share five
      of seven common-sized CNBr fragments. Placental ALPase shares only one common
      sized fragment with either intestinal enzyme. Liver ALPase has no CNBr fragments
      in common with any of the others. These data indicate that fetal intestinal
      ALPase is not a heterodimer of one subunit each of intestinal ALPase and
      placental ALPase as has been postulated. CNBr digests of neuraminidase-treated
      enzymes reveal a change of mobility of only one CNBr band in each of fetal
      intestinal, placental, and liver ALPases, indicating the presence of sialic acid
      residues in these fragments. Periodic acid/Schiff reagent staining (specific for
      carbohydrate) of CNBr digests of fetal and adult intestinal ALPases reacts with
      only one band in each enzyme, which is the same band from the fetal enzyme shown
      to contain sialic acid. However, fetal and adult intestinal ALPases each contain
      at least one CNBr fragment of unique size that is apparently nonglycosylated.

PMID- 6592605
TI  - Autoradiographic assay of mutants resistant to diphtheria toxin in mammalian
      cells in vitro.
AB  - Diphtheria toxin kills mammalian cells by ribosylating elongation factor 2, a
      protein factor necessary for protein synthesis. The frequency of cells able to
      form colonies in the presence of the toxin can be used as an assay for mutation
      to diphtheria toxin resistance. We report here that resistance to diphtheria
      toxin can also be detected autoradiographically in cells exposed to [3H]leucine
      after treatment with the toxin. In cultures of Chinese hamster ovary cells, the
      frequency of such resistant cells is increased by exposure of the cells to gamma
      rays, ultraviolet light, ethylnitrosourea, mitomycin c, ethidium bromide, and 5
      bromo-2'-deoxyuridine in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The resistant cells
      form discrete microcolonies if they are allowed to divide several times before
      intoxication, which indicates that they are genuine mutants. The assay is
      potentially adaptable to any cell population that can be intoxicated with
      diphtheria toxin and labeled with [3H]leucine, whether or not the cells can form
      colonies. It may be useful, therefore, for measuring mutation rates in slowly
      growing or nondividing cell populations such as breast, brain, and liver, as well
      as in cells that do divide but cannot be readily cloned, such as the colonic
      epithelium.

PMID- 6592606
TI  - Inhibition by restricted-calorie diet of lymphoproliferative disease and renal
      damage in MRL/lpr mice.
AB  - Restriction of calorie intake from the time of weaning greatly prolongs life, and
      it inhibits development and expression of the lymphoproliferative syndrome, renal
      disease, and decline of certain immunologic functions with age in MRL/lpr mice.
      This dramatic influence of diet on mice of this short-lived autoimmunity-prone
      strain, while associated with decreased rate of growth, is not associated with
      debilitation or apparent disease in the MRL/lpr mice. The massive lymphadenopathy
      and splenomegaly that developed in the putatively well-fed animals was prevented
      by dietary restriction, as were histopathologic abnormalities of thymus, spleen,
      lymph nodes, and kidneys.

PMID- 6592607
TI  - Ca2+ causes active contraction of bile canaliculi: direct evidence from
      microinjection studies.
AB  - Cytoplasmic microinjection of Ca2+ triggers contraction of bile canaliculi in
      freshly isolated monolayer cultures of rat hepatocytes. Unseparated paired
      hepatocytes were used to demonstrate this motility-based phenomenon. Only one
      cell of the pair was injected, but fluorescein spread from the target cell to the
      opposite cell; also, the contractions were always uniform, equally involving both
      hepatocytes that form the canaliculus, indicating that communication exists
      between the cell pairs. Inhibitors of calmodulin and actin filaments,
      trifluoperazine and cytochalasin B, respectively, inhibited the Ca2+-induced
      contractions. Hence, the mechanism of contraction has features in common with
      actin-myosin based cytoplasmic motility behavior found in other non-muscle cells.

PMID- 6592608
TI  - Development of encephalopathic features similar to Reye syndrome in rabbits.
AB  - The progression of neurological abnormalities through four or five clinically
      distinguishable levels of deepening coma and the development of a fatty liver are
      the hallmarks of Reye syndrome. A number of animal models have been described
      that result in fatty liver formation with minimal, static, or catastrophic
      neurological changes. In this study, we attempted to produce neurological
      features in rabbits that reflected a rostral-caudal progression of abnormalities
      that could be categorized into clinically distinguishable levels reminiscent of
      Reye syndrome. This was accomplished by the intracisternal administration of 0.5
      25 mg of 11,14-icosadienoic acid (20:2 omega 6) suspended in a mixture of rabbit
      serum and isotonic saline solution. A reproducible, dose-titratable spectrum of
      at least four levels of deepening coma could be produced at will. Increases in
      serum glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase and creatine kinase and changes in
      serum glucose resulted 1-2 hr after the neurological abnormalities were evoked.
      Other unsaturated fatty acids produced similar responses. Those tested included
      18:1 omega 9, 18:2 omega 6, 18:3 omega 3, 20:3 omega 6, 20:4 omega 6, and 22:4
      omega 6 fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids, including 6:0, 8:0, 16:0, 18:0, and
      20:0, failed to elicit these effects. The abnormalities were sustained for 30-120
      min after a single dose. Full recovery was observed in some animals that had not
      reached the fourth level of our grading system for coma. Pretreatment of the
      rabbits with aspirin modulated the neurological abnormalities. Twenty micrograms
      of bee venom melittin, which activates endogenous phospholipase A2, administered
      intracisternally into rabbits also produced signs of level 3 (our grading system)
      coma for several hours. These findings suggest a possible role for
      polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development of Reye syndrome and offer a means
      of producing the neurological components of that syndrome in a laboratory animal.

PMID- 6592610
TI  - Human embryonic zeta-globin chains in adult patients with alpha-thalassemias.
AB  - Human embryonic zeta-globin chains are alpha-globin-like chains that are normally
      present during the first three months of gestation. In this investigation, zeta
      globin chains measured by a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay and by an
      electrophoretic technique were found to be present in all 7 patients studied with
      hereditary Hb H disease, and in 8 out of 24 patients with alpha-thalassemia
      trait. zeta-Globin chains were not detected in 20 other patients with beta
      thalassemia trait. These results suggest that the deletion of two alpha-globin
      genes on the same chromosome is accompanied by the continued expression of
      embryonic zeta-globin genes in adult individuals.

PMID- 6592609
TI  - Glucocorticoid-sensitive hippocampal neurons are involved in terminating the
      adrenocortical stress response.
AB  - The hippocampus is the principal target site in the brain for adrenocortical
      steroids, as it has the highest concentration of receptor sites for
      glucocorticoids. The aged rat has a specific deficit in hippocampal
      glucocorticoid receptors, owing in large part to a loss of corticoid-sensitive
      neurons. This deficit may be the cause for the failure of aged rats to terminate
      corticosterone secretion at the end of stress, because extensive lesion and
      electrical stimulation studies have shown that the hippocampus exerts an
      inhibitory influence over adrenocortical activity and participates in
      glucocorticoid feedback. We have studied whether it is the loss of hippocampal
      neurons or of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors in the aged rat that
      contributes most to this syndrome of corticosterone hypersecretion. To do this,
      we used two model systems for producing reversible glucocorticoid receptor
      depletion in the hippocampus, and we found that depletion of receptors without
      inducing cell loss results in corticosterone hypersecretion. Furthermore,
      correction of the receptor deficit results in normalization of corticosterone
      secretion. These results focus attention on the hippocampus as an important
      glucocorticoid sensor in relation to the stress response. They also provide
      important new physiological correlates for the remarkable plasticity of the
      hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor system, which is under independent control by
      corticosterone and by vasopressin.

PMID- 6592611
TI  - Population differences in complexity of a learned skill are correlated with the
      brain space involved.
AB  - The song of marsh wrens (Cistothorus palustris) is a learned trait passed on from
      generation to generation. Male marsh wrens from California and New York learn
      about 150 and 50 different songs apiece, respectively. The volumes of the
      hyperstriatum ventralis, pars caudalis and the robust nucleus of the
      archistriatum, two telencephalic nuclei involved in song control, are larger by
      an average of 40% and 30%, respectively, in the population with a larger song
      repertoire.

PMID- 6592612
TI  - Differential sleep-promoting effects of five sleep substances nocturnally infused
      in unrestrained rats.
AB  - Sleep-inducing and sleep-maintaining effects of five different putative sleep
      substances were compared by the same nocturnal 10-hr intracerebroventricular
      infusion technique in otherwise saline-infused, freely moving male rats. Delta
      sleep-inducing peptide (2.5 nmol), which induces electroencephalogram delta
      (slow)-wave patterns, was rapidly effective in increasing both slow-wave sleep
      and paradoxical sleep but the effects were not long-lasting. Muramyl dipeptide (2
      nmol) induced excessive slow-wave sleep in the middle of the infusion period,
      accompanying a simultaneous elevation of brain temperature. However, paradoxical
      sleep was not affected. Component B of sleep-promoting substance (2 brainstem
      equivalents), a partially purified extract from rats deprived of sleep for 24-hr,
      was markedly effective in inducing and maintaining both kinds of sleep.
      Prostaglandin D2 (0.36 nmol) was more effective in enhancing sleep at the later
      period of the infusion period. Uridine (10 pmol) caused a mild but long-lasting
      increase in sleep, especially in paradoxical sleep. Thus, each substance
      exhibited compound-specific sleep-modulating properties.

PMID- 6592614
TI  - In vivo assessment of urinary bladder malignancy.

PMID- 6592613
TI  - The survival of brain transplants is enhanced by extracts from injured brain.
AB  - Fragments of rat embryo corpus striatum implanted into wound cavities in the
      cortex of neonatal rat hosts showed very poor survival when transplantation was
      performed immediately after the cavity was made. Consistent survival of the
      transplants was made possible by supplying the implant with extracts from the
      injured brain of neonatal rats. These extracts also supported in vitro survival
      of embryonic striatal neurons, suggesting that transplanted cells benefit from
      injury-induced neuronotrophic factors.

PMID- 6592615
TI  - The prognostic meaning of marker chromosomes in human urinary bladder carcinoma.
AB  - In summary, only a chromosome analysis of directly extracted tumour tissue seems
      to be of prognostic value, because this allows one to exclude alterations that
      are conditioned by cultures. The number of chromosomes does not give an
      indication of the malignancy and invasiveness of the tumour. The presence of
      marker chromosomes in superficial bladder carcinoma seems to worsen the prognosis
      of those patients significantly. Further observation of the previously
      investigated patients and new studies are aimed at determining whether the
      reported tendency proves to be valid. If the presence of marker chromosomes
      really enables us to predict an unfavourable prognosis, a timely cystectomy, i.e.
      cystectomy in the preinvasive stage, should decisively ameliorate the poor
      prognosis of these patients.

PMID- 6592616
TI  - [Cranio-facial morphogenesis. The importance of biomechanics in the development
      of functional muscular trajectories].

PMID- 6592617
TI  - [Psychosocial aspects of cancer for physicians].

PMID- 6592618
TI  - [Ease of working of amalgam fillings using hard metal finishing burs H 500 IN].

PMID- 6592619
TI  - [Dentistry with homeopathy].

PMID- 6592620
TI  - [Expansion of the therapeutic spectrum using various applications of endosseous
      implants (I)].

PMID- 6592621
TI  - [Is gamma-2-free amalgam in current practice a rational method of amalgam
      restoration? (I)].

PMID- 6592622
TI  - [Occlusal correction of the completely or partially dentate bite using sagittal
      guide slots of the functiograph. Studies on the functional median line (II)].

PMID- 6592623
TI  - [Early orthodontic treatment of patients with cleft lip-cleft palate with
      reference to interdisciplinary cooperation].

PMID- 6592624
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6592625
TI  - [Application possibilities of computer tomography in dentistry and oral
      medicine].

PMID- 6592626
TI  - [Problems of premedication in dental practice (II)].

PMID- 6592627
TI  - [Expansion of the therapeutic spectrum using various applications of endosseous
      implants (II)].

PMID- 6592628
TI  - [Is gamma-2-free amalgam in current a rational method for amalgam restoration?
      (II)].

PMID- 6592629
TI  - [Occlusal correction of the completely or partially dentate bite using sagittal
      guide slots of the functiograph. Studies on the functional median line (III)].

PMID- 6592630
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6592631
TI  - [Small treatment rooms].

PMID- 6592632
TI  - [Possibilities, limits and risks of EDP applications in dental practice (I)].

PMID- 6592633
TI  - [Examination and tests on the significance of the sagittal compensation curve
      (curve of Spee)].

PMID- 6592634
TI  - [Possibilities of occlusal surface polishing of composite restorations].

PMID- 6592636
TI  - [Preprosthetic orthodontics (I)].

PMID- 6592635
TI  - [Clinical testing of a root canal length measurement device, the Apicometer].

PMID- 6592638
TI  - [Preliminary experiences with developing orthopantographs (orthopantograph 10)].

PMID- 6592637
TI  - [Medications, for use in systemic periodontal treatment].

PMID- 6592639
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6592640
TI  - [Possibilities, limits and risks of EDP applications in dental practice (II)].

PMID- 6592641
TI  - [Complications, accidents, and error treatment (II)].

PMID- 6592642
TI  - [Root canal therapy or extraction].

PMID- 6592643
TI  - [Development and testing of dynamic bite registration methods].

PMID- 6592644
TI  - [Preprosthetic orthodontics (II)].

PMID- 6592645
TI  - [Alha-Dentoscope--a new system of intraoral photography].

PMID- 6592646
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6592647
TI  - [Testing the usefulness of the Harvey Chemiclave 5000 as a sterilizer in dental
      practice].

PMID- 6592649
TI  - [Basic knowledge: prosthetics].

PMID- 6592648
TI  - [On taste and smell].

PMID- 6592651
TI  - [Triad of a perfect assistant].

PMID- 6592650
TI  - [Management of our older patients with reference to their oral hygiene].

PMID- 6592652
TI  - [An external practice billing system--a report of the procedures].

PMID- 6592653
TI  - [Generalities on therapeutics with a brief overview of special dental medications
      (I)].

PMID- 6592654
TI  - [Non-energy supplying nutrients (I)].

PMID- 6592655
TI  - [Motivation and persuasion in adolescent dental care. How do children get
      information best?].

PMID- 6592657
TI  - [Toothache--world pain. Thoughts on caries prevention].

PMID- 6592656
TI  - [Basic knowledge: prosthetics].

PMID- 6592659
TI  - [Reimplantation of a tooth--indications for consideration].

PMID- 6592658
TI  - [The art of successful motivation. Study of compliance].

PMID- 6592660
TI  - [Generalities on therapeutics with a brief overview of special dental medications
      (II)].

PMID- 6592661
TI  - [Non-energy supplying nutrients (II)].

PMID- 6592662
TI  - [Compilation of doctor titles with a short overview of educational requirements].

PMID- 6592663
TI  - [Profession or child? Profession and child?].

PMID- 6592664
TI  - [A kindergarten visits a dental office].

PMID- 6592665
TI  - [Personal appearance of the assistant in a dental practice].

PMID- 6592666
TI  - [Tray-system (I)].

PMID- 6592667
TI  - [Type-related esthetics of the arrangement of artificial teeth (II)].

PMID- 6592668
TI  - [Remarks on the subject of burning tongue and oral mucosa].

PMID- 6592669
TI  - [Complete dentures--functional rational preparation procedures].

PMID- 6592670
TI  - [Examination of the Adams clasp].

PMID- 6592671
TI  - [Return of the duplicate investment model to the articulator using the model tray
      system].

PMID- 6592672
TI  - [Hygiene in the laboratory].

PMID- 6592673
TI  - [Orthodontic division. Diverse small orthodontic measurements (I)].

PMID- 6592674
TI  - [Lessening of the finishing of metal occlusal surfaces with the hard metal
      finisher H 500 IN].

PMID- 6592675
TI  - [Dimensional precision of materials for pouring models: studies on the co
      efficient of retraction].

PMID- 6592676
TI  - CNS effects of citalopram, a new serotonin inhibitor antidepressant (a
      quantitative pharmaco-electroencephalography study).
AB  - Citalopram, a new phthalane derivative and a specific serotonin re-uptake
      inhibitor in animal pharmacological tests, was evaluated in a double-blind,
      crossover, quantitative pharmaco-EEG (QPEEGTM) study in healthy human volunteers.
      The CNS effects of citalopram are linear, dose- and time-related, can
      statistically be differentiated from placebo, and indicate a rapid onset of
      effects with short duration. According to the Computer Data Bank, citalopram has
      a mode of action similar to mood elevators (antidepressants) with fewer sedative
      properties. Thus the therapeutic action of citalopram is predicted to be similar
      to desipramine and protriptyline from the tricyclics, and fluvoxamine from non
      tricyclics. According to data bank assessment, it is hypothesized that the single
      antidepressant dose of citalopram is to be more than 25 mg, which should be given
      t.i.d. in clinical trials.

PMID- 6592678
TI  - Acrylic monomer--friend or foe?

PMID- 6592677
TI  - Interactions of prostaglandins with subpopulations of ovine luteal cells. II.
      Inhibitory effects of PGF2 alpha and protection by PGE2.
AB  - Purified preparations of ovine large luteal cells were utilized in a series of
      experiments to test the effects of prostaglandins (PG) E2 and F2 alpha on cell
      morphology, viability and secretion of progesterone. Luteal cells were allowed to
      attach to culture dishes overnight before experiments. In the first series of
      experiments incubation of large steroidogenic cells with PGF2 alpha for 6 hr
      resulted in morphological changes including a retraction of the cell cytoplasm
      and apparent extrusion of cytoplasmic components which became more pronounced
      after 12 hr. In a second series of experiments, PGF2 alpha decreased and PGE2
      increased progesterone accumulation in media after 6 hr when media were not
      replaced during the incubation period, while progesterone accumulation was not
      different than that observed in control dishes when both prostaglandins were
      present. Hourly replacement of the media negated the inhibitory effects of PGF2
      alpha but had no effect on the stimulated secretion of progesterone induced by
      PGE2. Finally, in incubations without media replacement, PGF2 alpha induced a
      dose-dependent decrease in progesterone accumulation while PGE2 elicited a
      biphasic response with progesterone secretion increasing from 0.1 ng/ml to
      maximal levels at 10 ng/ml followed by a dose-dependent decrease at 100 and 1000
      ng/ml. These data are compatible with the hypotheses that: 1) luteolysis is
      initiated, at least in part, by an action of PGF2 alpha on large luteal cells;
      and 2) the embryonic signal from the pregnant uterus which rescues the ovine
      corpus luteum may be PGE2.

PMID- 6592679
TI  - Should you incorporate? (II).

PMID- 6592680
TI  - [Radiographic evaluation of the amputation stump in osteosarcoma].
AB  - The radiological picture of the amputation stump for osteosarcoma was revised on
      57 cases, in which a follow-up after surgery was possible for at least 4 months,
      with a maximum of over 12 years. In 51/57 cases (89%) no recurrency was observed;
      in 6/57 cases (11%) a local neoplastic recurrency was confirmed on clinical and
      histopathological grounds. The usual aspects of late modifications induced by
      surgery is osteoporosis of the residual bone, which may assume a geographical
      pattern, with thinning of the stump apex and formation of a periosteal spur
      directed towards to soft tissues. The typical pattern of the locally recurrent
      osteosarcoma is that of an infiltrating soft tissue mass with bone erosion and
      irregular flake-like calcifications. All these signs are evaluated and discussed
      in order to give a practical guideline to the differential diagnosis between
      surgery-induced modifications and local neoplastic recurrencies.

PMID- 6592681
TI  - [Methyl-methacrylate prosthesis for bilateral decompressive craniotomy].

PMID- 6592683
TI  - [Dental autotransplantation].

PMID- 6592682
TI  - [Burkitt's lymphoma].

PMID- 6592684
TI  - [Lateral incisor with 2 roots].

PMID- 6592685
TI  - [Tooth reimplantation].

PMID- 6592686
TI  - [Reimplantation of teeth with incompletely formed roots].

PMID- 6592687
TI  - [The process of wound healing in dental extraction. Effect of intra-alveolar
      irrigation and of curettage and irrigation. Histological study in rats].

PMID- 6592688
TI  - [Amalgam restorations reinforced with laminated plates].

PMID- 6592689
TI  - [Equilibration of the position of the upper model on the articulator with the
      cranial maxilla. Individualization of the third (infraorbital) point and its
      correction with the use of the infraorbital pointer].

PMID- 6592690
TI  - [Surface tension of various auxiliary drugs used in endodontics].

PMID- 6592691
TI  - [Dentistry: a captive profession? The elementary and intermediate professional
      level].

PMID- 6592692
TI  - [The combination of points and discs in the surface treatment of composites].

PMID- 6592693
TI  - [The prevalence of dental agenesis. Studies in a group of children in Santa Maria
      RS].

PMID- 6592694
TI  - [Control of dietary intake in pedodontic patients with high caries incidence].

PMID- 6592695
TI  - [Acinar cell carcinoma of the sublingual gland].

PMID- 6592696
TI  - [Cariogenic potential of fruits in rats fed a programmed diet by gastric
      intubation].

PMID- 6592697
TI  - [Location of the principal foramen. True location versus methods using
      conductometry].

PMID- 6592698
TI  - [The behavior of pulp protectors on amalgam restorations under static loading].

PMID- 6592699
TI  - [Conservative treatment of the pulp. Situations in an institutional clinic].

PMID- 6592700
TI  - [Neurectomy of the terminal infraorbital nerve].

PMID- 6592701
TI  - [Pemphigus vulgaris].

PMID- 6592702
TI  - [Removal of tooth roots].

PMID- 6592703
TI  - [Individual determination of the 3rd (infraorbital) point in oral rehabilitation.
      Clinical and radiographic verification using the square-rule as reference].

PMID- 6592704
TI  - [Preventive dentistry. 7. Plaque control program].

PMID- 6592706
TI  - [Survey of histopathologic diagnoses in an oromaxillofacial pathology laboratory
      during a 5-year period].

PMID- 6592705
TI  - [Frequency of cystic lesions in children 0-12 years of age].

PMID- 6592708
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of tooth fractures].

PMID- 6592707
TI  - [Prevention of caries and periodontal disease in practice. Survey of preventive
      methods used].

PMID- 6592709
TI  - [Dental care programs. The Ministry of Health in Para].

PMID- 6592711
TI  - Southeast Asian refugees of Rhode Island: health screening.

PMID- 6592712
TI  - Southeast Asian refugees of Rhode Island: a preliminary analysis of birth
      records.

PMID- 6592710
TI  - Isolation of mouse mammary tumor cells showing spontaneous regression.
AB  - The tumor cells, TMT-3, was isolated from TMT-2 tumor cells by way of repeated
      selections of large colonies in soft agar. The cells can grow either in mice or
      in suspension culture. TD50 of the ascites tumor cells was 1.5 +/- 1.0. Plating
      efficiencies in soft agar were 40-70% for cells of ascites tumors and 25-30% for
      cells of solid tumors. The cells showed 4 marker chromosomes common to the parent
      cells and 6 new marker chromosomes. They also shared MM-antigen, but its quantity
      was about half of the parent cells. The growth curves of the solid tumors were
      characterized by temporary decrease in tumor volume followed by regrowth or
      regression.

PMID- 6592713
TI  - Southeast Asian refugees of Rhode Island: reproductive beliefs and practices
      among the Hmong.

PMID- 6592714
TI  - Southeast Asian refugees of Rhode Island: psychiatric problems, cultural factors,
      and nightmare death.

PMID- 6592717
TI  - [The biology of dental pulp and dentin: recent findings in the biology of the
      pulp-dentinal organ (II)].

PMID- 6592715
TI  - Health promotion activities at the worksite: a Rhode Island business perspective.

PMID- 6592716
TI  - [Ultrastructural aspects of the cellular components of a fibromatous epulis].

PMID- 6592718
TI  - [Amelogenesis imperfecta (clinical case and discussion)].

PMID- 6592719
TI  - [Distalization of the upper canine with a removable appliance].

PMID- 6592721
TI  - [Orodental, pharyngeal and sinus foci and metafocal cardiopathies].

PMID- 6592720
TI  - [Etiological study of 2060 cases of fractures of the facial skeleton].

PMID- 6592722
TI  - [Measurement of nasal resistance using an oscillation method in 176 health
      children].

PMID- 6592723
TI  - [Orthognatho-prosthetic therapy of teeth fractured apically to the crevicular
      sulcus].

PMID- 6592724
TI  - [Current trends in the scope and limits of periapical surgery].

PMID- 6592725
TI  - [The placebo effect in dentistry: personal experiences].

PMID- 6592726
TI  - [Maxillofacial fractures in sports: clinico-statistical study of 107 cases].

PMID- 6592727
TI  - [Changes in the reflex response of the masseter muscle in a case of Goldenhar
      Gorlin syndrome with congenital trigeminal neuropathy].

PMID- 6592728
TI  - [The new generation of visible light cured composite resins].

PMID- 6592729
TI  - A kinesiograph study on a case of oral-digital-facial syndrome.

PMID- 6592730
TI  - [Temporo-mandibular ankylosis and facial growth. Surgical resolution with
      autologous reconstruction].

PMID- 6592731
TI  - [Statistical studies on the relations between dentists and dental technicians].

PMID- 6592732
TI  - [Use of a paste with a calcium hydroxide-zinc oxide base in the pulpotomy of
      deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6592733
TI  - [Gingivitis in children].

PMID- 6592734
TI  - [On the subject of occlusal equilibration: quadrant restoration using inlays].

PMID- 6592735
TI  - [Xeroradiography applied to cephalometry].

PMID- 6592736
TI  - [Idiopathic bone cavities of the mandible with glandular content: presentation of
      a clinical case].

PMID- 6592737
TI  - [Our experiences in endodontic surgery of posterior teeth].

PMID- 6592739
TI  - [Anxiety in behavioral pathology in dental patients].

PMID- 6592738
TI  - [Interceptive therapy for dental malocclusion].

PMID- 6592740
TI  - Hemodynamic reactions to circulatory stress tests in patients with
      neurocirculatory dystonia.
AB  - The hemodynamic reactions of 30 patients with neurocirculatory dystonia (NCD,
      DaCosta's syndrome) were compared to those of 30 healthy controls during the
      isometric handgrip test, orthostatic test, Valsalva test and the cold pressor
      test. The effects of hyperventilation on the ability to hold the breath were
      studied in both groups using the hyperventilation test. The patients and controls
      were young men, who were doing their conscript service, and the average age was
      20 years in both groups. The diagnosis of NCD was made using the criteria
      described by Friedman (1947). The patients had several symptoms related to the
      cardiorespiratory system, the intensity of which varied from time to time and
      were not closely related to physical effort. In order to exclude organic diseases
      that could have caused the symptoms the patients were required to have no history
      of chronic organic diseases. They were also required to have no infectious
      diseases nor to be convalescents when participating in this study and to have a
      normal ECG and a normal thorax x-ray. The controls were anamnestically free from
      chronic diseases. The changes in the blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume,
      cardiac index, peripheral vascular resistance and the systolic time intervals
      during the four tests were measured noninvasively using sphygmomanometry, electro
      , phono- and impedance cardiography. The ability to hold the breath after a deep
      inspiration was similar in the two groups. Immediately after hyperventilation the
      ability to hold the breath did not improve in the NCD group as much as in the
      control group. In the orthostatic test the rise in the mean blood pressure was
      only momentarily greater in the control group than in the NCD group, and the
      heart rate increased about equally in the two groups. The transthoracic impedance
      increased significantly more in the controls than in the patients in the head-up
      position. The alterations in the systolic time intervals immediately after the
      changes of posture were more rapid in the control group that in the NCD group.
      During the expiratory strain of the Valsalva maneuver the hemodynamic changes in
      the two groups did not clearly differ from each other, but after the end of the
      strain the blood pressure overshoot lasted longer in the NCD group than in the
      control group. During the cold immersion the stroke volume decreased
      significantly more in the NCD group than in the control group. The stroke work
      index increased significantly in the control group, but did not change in the NCD
      group during the immersion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6592741
TI  - Different antimicrobial agents in treatment and prophylaxis of experimentally
      induced intraabdominal sepsis.
AB  - A reproducible experimental model of intraabdominal infection in rats has been
      worked out in order to simulate intraabdominal sepsis seen in humans and to test
      different antimicrobial agents in treatment and prophylaxis of intraabdominal
      infections. This experimental model was used to evaluate the efficacy of
      benzylpenicillin, benzylpenicillin plus sulbactam, cefoxitin, thienamycin,
      clindamycin, tinidazole, netilmicin, clindamycin plus netilmicin, and tinidazole
      plus netilmicin in the treatment of intraabdominal sepsis. Sixty-five per cent of
      the untreated animals died within two days. Within four days, 43% of the animals
      receiving clindamycin alone, 22% receiving tinidazole alone and 46% receiving
      netilmicin alone died. Animals treated with piperacillin, clindamycin plus
      netilmicin or tinidazole plus netilmicin showed a significantly decreased
      mortality and increased cure rates during the experimental period. Sixty-five per
      cent of the untreated animals and the animals given sulbactam alone died within
      48 h. Over 90% of the animals given benzylpenicillin died within five days.
      Animals treated with benzylpenicillin plus sulbactam, cefoxitin or thienamycin
      had a significantly decreased mortality. Within four days 22% of the animals
      receiving tinidazole alone, 43% receiving clindamycin alone and 46% receiving
      netilmicin alone died. Animals treated with tinidazole plus netilmicin or
      clindamycin plus netilmicin had a significantly decreased mortality and increased
      cure rates during the experimental period. Only 5% of these animals died. In the
      prophylaxis experiment the following agents were tested: cefoxitin, doxycycline,
      tinidazole plus netilmicin, clindamycin plus netilmicin, and trimethoprim-sulfa
      plus tinidazole. One dosage of the antimicrobial(s) reduced the mortality rate
      significantly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6592743
TI  - Secondary peritonitis--a major clinical problem.

PMID- 6592742
TI  - When and how to treat peritonitis.

PMID- 6592744
TI  - Intraabdominal abscesses, diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 6592745
TI  - Directed and non-directed treatment of abdominal infections.

PMID- 6592746
TI  - Surgical aspects in the management of peritonitis.
AB  - Early diagnosis and early operation of underlying disease are the basis of
      preventing and treating peritonitis. At operation, besides meticulous technique,
      minimal contamination and short-term antibiotic prophylaxis diminish the
      incidence of established infection. Once peritonitis is manifest, massive
      antibiotic therapy must supplement surgical measures. Open treatment of the
      septic abdomen can be recommended as a simple and safe procedure with acceptable
      complications; continuous dorso-ventral lavage in addition may prove beneficial
      in certain patients.

PMID- 6592747
TI  - Secondary peritonitis--a balance between contamination and host defence
      mechanisms.

PMID- 6592748
TI  - High dose intravenous corticosteroid therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus and
      primary cresenteric rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Proceedings of a
      symposium. Helsinki, September 16th, 1983.

PMID- 6592749
TI  - The effects of "pulse" corticosteroid therapy on the immune system.

PMID- 6592750
TI  - Intravenous methylprednisolone in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 6592751
TI  - Pulmonary involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 6592752
TI  - Intravenous pulse methylprednisolone therapy of acute primary crescenteric
      rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 6592753
TI  - Pharmacological aspects of corticosteroid pulse therapy.
AB  - Pulse corticosteroid therapy involves intravenous administration of
      "suprapharmacological" doses (0.5-2 g) of prednisolone or its equivalents. This
      dose is usually given on three consecutive days and possibly once a month
      thereafter. The pharmacological effects of the single pulse dose lasted for about
      two days. Whether these effects differ quantitatively or qualitatively from the
      effects of the smaller, conventional doses is unclear at present. The usual side
      effects of glucocorticoid therapy may occur with pulse therapy but evidently less
      frequently than with conventional modes of steroid therapy.

PMID- 6592754
TI  - Inflammatory involvement in rabbit knee following immobilization and resulting in
      osteoarthritis.
AB  - The inflammatory involvement of the synovium in immobilization-induced
      experimental osteoarthritis in rabbit knees has been investigated. One knee of
      each of 33 rabbits was immobilized for up to 5 weeks in extension and then
      allowed to remobilize for up to 8 weeks. Histological examination revealed the
      presence of marked inflammatory changes in the synovium which were evident after
      4 days of immobilization. These were characterized by a rapid proliferation of
      synovial lining cells followed by mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrosis. The
      synovial cell proliferation decreased during the latter part of the
      immobilization period but reappeared in a more severe form during remobilization,
      at which time gross changes could be demonstrated in the joints. Synovial fluid
      levels of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase were elevated on
      day 3 and day 10 but had returned to baseline levels by day 24 of immobilization.
      Treatment of the animals with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent
      flurbiprofen (10 mg/kg/day) had neither a beneficial nor a deleterious effect on
      any of the parameters measured. This study has shown that immobilization-induced
      experimental osteoarthritis in rabbits is associated with a marked inflammatory
      component and that during the remobilization phase of this model the inflammation
      appears to be a secondary event.

PMID- 6592755
TI  - [Ankylotic anchorage of implants].

PMID- 6592756
TI  - [Endosseous implants--an alternative to conventional preprosthetic surgery?].

PMID- 6592757
TI  - [Effects of 2 prophylaxis programs on the knowledge and behavior of 13- to 15
      year-old schoolchildren].

PMID- 6592758
TI  - [Effect of thermal treatment on the hardening of a gold-palladium alloy intended
      for metal-ceramic technics].

PMID- 6592759
TI  - [The Mooser pin system--traditional--examined anew].

PMID- 6592760
TI  - [Thoughts on the quality of parapulpal screws].

PMID- 6592761
TI  - Twenty-seven year old postpartum gravida IV para IV with hypotension and chest
      pain.

PMID- 6592763
TI  - Intraligamentary dental analgesia.

PMID- 6592762
TI  - Use of the epidural blood patch in the treatment of the post dural puncture
      headache.

PMID- 6592764
TI  - [Analysis of the effect of cellular morphology on obtaining a complete remission
      in 99 cases of acute leukemia].

PMID- 6592765
TI  - [Complete remission with splenic radiotherapy following the initial relapse of
      prolymphocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6592767
TI  - Is there a need for a special fellowship program in geriatric dentistry?

PMID- 6592766
TI  - Infantilization of elderly patients by health care providers.

PMID- 6592768
TI  - Mitral valve prolapse: a significant cardiac defect in the development of
      infective endocarditis.

PMID- 6592769
TI  - Cohort influence on drug use and consumption.

PMID- 6592770
TI  - Rehabilitation of the patient after cerebrovascular accident.

PMID- 6592771
TI  - Masticatory mandibular movements. Analysis of a recording method and influence of
      the state of the occlusion.
AB  - The aims of this thesis were, firstly, to develop a method for three-dimensional
      recording of mandibular movements based on available optoelectronic devices, and
      to evaluate the accuracy of the method in a clinical setting, and secondly, to
      study the habitual chewing pattern in individuals with complete natural
      dentitions by repeated registrations and compare them with persons suffering from
      different degrees of tooth loss before and after prosthetic treatment. This
      methodological approach imposes minimal constraint upon movement and permits
      three-dimensional registration of the movements of a point on the mandible for
      study of the overall pattern and analysis of chewing rate, mandibular
      displacement and velocity. The total error of the system was less than 1 per cent
      of the recorded area, where the movements of the reference system, attached to
      spectacle frames in the clinical test, were shown to be minimal. The
      methodological error had minimal influence on the data yielded. Great intra- and
      interindividual variations were observed in the overall pattern as well as in
      different parameters studied, but the individual chewing performance was
      relatively consistent in short-term registrations. A tendency towards adaptation
      of the chewing performance was observed in repeated registrations. The changes
      indicated an increased mandibular velocity and displacement, analogous to changes
      in the movement pattern induced by prosthetic rehabilitation but not so
      pronounced. The findings in this series of investigations indicate that oral
      function is reflected in quantitative parameters, e.g. mandibular velocity and
      displacement, within a relatively consistent overall chewing pattern. Thus,
      increased mandibular velocity and displacement could be interpreted as improved
      oral comfort.

PMID- 6592772
TI  - Interaction between xylitol and sorbitol in plaque metabolism.
AB  - Xylitol and sorbitol, when metabolized by microorganisms, are transported through
      the cell membrane and phosphorylated by membrane-bound phosphoenolpyruvate
      dependent phosphotransferase systems. Sorbitol-6-phosphate may be oxidized by a
      sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase to fructose-6-phosphate and further decomposed
      in the Embden-Meyerhof pathway. Xylitol-5-phosphate - if not metabolized - may be
      toxic to the cell. There are few specific pathways known for xylitol metabolism
      in microorganisms. Due to structural resemblance between the xylitol and the
      sorbitol molecules interaction between xylitol and sorbitol metabolism is likely
      to occur. Xylitol - although only slowly taken up by plaque and oral
      microorganisms - may reduce plaque formation and cause an increase in plaque pH.
      Evidence for a phosphotransferase system for xylitol has recently been
      demonstrated in Strep. mutans, which may cause accumulation of xylitol-5
      phosphate in the cell. Some studies carried out by the author and associates on
      acid production in the oral cavity from cell. Some studies carried out by the
      author and associates on acid production in the oral cavity from sorbitol in the
      presence of xylitol in chewing gum containing sorbitol reduces acid production
      from sorbitol. This may be explained by the following effects of xylitol:
      Reduction of plaque and the number of microorganisms on the teeth. This is
      thought to be a consequence of the toxic effect of xylitol-5-phosphate.
      Inhibition of acid production from sorbitol. This is believed to be a consequence
      of competitive blocking of the phosphotransferase system due to structural
      similarities between xylitol and sorbitol.

PMID- 6592773
TI  - Cariogenicity of sorbitol.
AB  - Sorbitol is a commonly used sweetener in many so called sugar-free products, like
      chewing-gums, lozenges and medicines. It is also used as a stabilizer in tooth
      pastes and is found naturally in some fruits and berries. Many methods have been
      used to evaluate the cariogenicity of sorbitol, e.g. short and long term studies
      in man, animal experiments and pH-measurements in dental plaque in vivo and in
      vitro. Most of these studies indicate that sorbitol has a low or no
      cariogenicity. However, there are some data showing that frequent consumption of
      sorbitol may result in an increased acid production in dental plaque and in an
      increased number of sorbitol-fermenting microorganisms. This adaptation is
      probably of no or only minor clinical importance, at least for persons with a
      normal salivary function and for people with a moderate consumption of sorbitol
      containing products. Thus, present knowledge shows that sorbitol might be
      considered as a "low cariogenic" sugar substitute.

PMID- 6592774
TI  - The effect of xylitol on plaque metabolism.
AB  - Evidence is presented which shows that Strep. mitior and Strep. mutans (which are
      unable to metabolize xylitol) take yp xylitol and transfer it to xylitol
      phosphate. Dental plaque also takes up xylitol. In this case a xylitol/protein
      complex is formed in addition to xylitol phosphate and also some labelled
      components yet to be identified. It is suggested that accumulation of xylitol
      phosphate inside the cells may "poison" the bacteria and possibly explain the
      caries therapeutic effect of xylitol observed in some laboratories.

PMID- 6592775
TI  - Perspectives in carbohydrate toxicology with special reference to
      carcinogenicity.
AB  - All chemicals, even water and salt, can cause toxic effects if they are given to
      humans or laboratory animals in high enough doses. Similarly, the incidences of
      various kinds of neoplasm may be increased non-specifically in animals by the
      administration of innocent chemicals by an inappropriate route or in doses that
      are excessive enough to disturb normal nutritional, or hormonal status or
      interfere with mineral balance. High dietary concentrations of sorbitol or
      xylitol, if fed to laboratory rats cause enlargement of the caecum, increased
      absorption of calcium from the gut, increased urinary excretion of calcium,
      pelvic and corticomedullary nephrocalcinosis, acute tubular nephropathy, urinary
      calculus formation and both hyperplasia and neoplasia of the adrenal medulla.
      High dietary concentrations of lactose give rise to a similar spectrum of effects
      when given in excessive dosage to laboratory rats. Recent evidence suggesting
      that in the rat, but not in the mouse or in man, excessive calcium absorption
      stimulates the adrenal medulla is reviewed. In the mouse, but not in the rat or
      in man, a biologically significant amount of glycolic acid, which is a minor
      metabolite of xylitol in all three species, is converted to oxalate which then
      appears in the urine. Although the increase in urinary oxalate in the mouse is
      only about 20% of normal, this is enough in animals fed on diets containing 10%
      or 20% xylitol to predispose to bladder stone formation, and the prolonged
      presence of stones in the bladders, particularly of mice, in turn, predisposes to
      bladder tumour development. Neither bladder stones nor bladder tumours are seen
      in rats because biologically significant conversion of glycolate to oxalate does
      not occur. Studies in humans exposed up to 1 g/xylitol/kg body weight/day have
      revealed no evidence of increased urinary oxalate excretion. It is concluded that
      both the bladder tumours seen in mice, in response to 10% or 20% xylitol in the
      diet, and the adrenal tumours seen in rats, in response to 20% sorbitol or 20%
      xylitol in the diet, are laboratory artefacts. In other words, humans exposed to
      "normal" levels of these agents would be at no risk of developing either of these
      kinds of neoplasm.

PMID- 6592776
TI  - [Clinico-hematological characteristics of preleukemia].

PMID- 6592777
TI  - [Characteristics of the G1-fraction of proliferative granulocytes in patients
      with myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6592778
TI  - [First experience with continuous infusions of cytosar using a Soviet-made
      portable dosage apparatus DF-1].

PMID- 6592779
TI  - The prevalence of systemic disease in elderly dental patients. A clinical study.

PMID- 6592780
TI  - Geriatric dentistry: a review of the newest challenge in the evolution of dental
      school curriculum.

PMID- 6592781
TI  - Battered child syndrome.

PMID- 6592782
TI  - Pigmented oral mucosal lesion.

PMID- 6592783
TI  - Associateship practice: what's in it for me?

PMID- 6592784
TI  - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: implications for the practicing dentist.

PMID- 6592785
TI  - [Various atypical cavities with amalgam].

PMID- 6592787
TI  - [The retentive function of dihedral angles in simple Class I amalgam cavities].

PMID- 6592786
TI  - [Dental assistance in state welfare. A basic ambulatory structure].

PMID- 6592788
TI  - [Tooth extraction--indications].

PMID- 6592789
TI  - [Zinc phosphate or zinc oxide eugenol. Which cement for dentistry?].

PMID- 6592790
TI  - [Dentistry in occupational health].

PMID- 6592791
TI  - Linkage and segregation analysis of HLA and congenital hypoaldosteronism due to
      corticosterone methyl-oxydase deficiency type I and type II.
AB  - To determine the genetic relations between HLA and deficiencies of steroidogenic
      enzymes other than 21-hydroxylase, we investigated HLA and congenital
      hypoaldosteronism in two families with corticosterone methyl-oxidase type 2
      (CMO2) and one family with type 1 (CMO1) deficiency, respectively. Apart from a
      first documentation of HLA in CMO1 deficiency, our results, combined with those
      reported previously, excluded close linkage of HLA and CMO2 deficiency. However,
      loose linkage could not be encluded and the segregation of HLA haplotypes in
      sibships with CMO2 deficiency deviated significantly from random segregation. We
      suggest that HLA and CMO2 deficiency may not be independent.

PMID- 6592792
TI  - Association of HLA specificity LB-E12 (MB1, DC1, MT1) with lepromatous leprosy in
      a Venezuelan population.
AB  - To investigate whether an association could be found between HLA and lepromatous
      leprosy a population study was performed in Tachira, Venezuela. This was done in
      the same endemic area in which recently both non-random parental HLA-haplotype
      and preferential segregation of the HLA specificity LB-E12 (MB1, DC1, MT1) was
      demonstrated in lepromatous leprosy patients from multicase families. In this
      study 32 lepromatous patients and 32 healthy controls were typed for HLA-A, -B, 
      C, -DR and the specificities MB and MT. The frequency of LB-E12 (MB1, DC1, MT1)
      showed a significant increase in lepromatous leprosy patients (p = 0.04). This is
      the first report concerning HLA and leprosy which confirms in the same endemic
      area an association observed in families on the population level.

PMID- 6592793
TI  - HLA antigens in selective IgA deficiency: distribution in healthy donors and
      patients with recurrent respiratory tract infections.
AB  - HLA-A, B, C and DR typing was performed in healthy IgA deficient donors and in
      IgA deficient patients with recurrent respiratory tract infections. In healthy
      donors, a strong association with HLA B8 and DR3 was observed. In the patient
      group however, no statistically significant association with these antigens could
      be found. In contrast, an increased frequency of HLA B40 was noted. The
      preference for HLA B8/DR3 in healthy donors could not be attributed to higher
      levels of serum immunoglobulins since no major differences in the concentrations
      of IgM, IgG or the IgG subclasses were seen between the two groups.

PMID- 6592794
TI  - HLA-A, B, C; -DR; -MT, -MB, and SB antigens on unstimulated human endothelial
      cells.
AB  - Since major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens of class II play an
      important role in organ transplantation, we attempted to demonstrate their
      expression on endothelial cells which are abundant in transplants with vascular
      blood supply. Our analysis was performed with monomorphic and polymorphic
      monoclonal antibodies employing a microscopic immunofluorescence assay and flow
      cytometry on unstimulated endothelial cells isolated from umbilical cord veins.
      No evidence was found for the presence of HLA-DR antigens and determinants
      associated with MT, MB and SB. MHC class I antigens exhibited reduced expression.
      These findings were confirmed in respect to alloantigens by the use of
      conventional cytotoxic tissue typing antisera. MB and SB antigens were present on
      most cord B lymphocytes, but could only be demonstrated on a subpopulation of
      monocytes exhibiting a lower antigen density at the cell surface. MT and DR
      antigens were found on most cord monocytes and B lymphocytes.

PMID- 6592795
TI  - C4 haplotypes with duplications at the C4A or C4B loci: frequency and
      associations with BF, C2, and HLA-A, B, C, DR alleles.

PMID- 6592797
TI  - The distribution of suprabony and infrabony furcal defects in South African
      negroes.

PMID- 6592796
TI  - Direct measurement of urinary bile acids of infants by high-performance liquid
      chromatography connected with an enzyme immobilized column.
AB  - An accurate and sensitive method by high-performance liquid chromatography
      connected with 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase immobilized column for the
      measurement of urinary bile acids of noncholestatic and cholestatic infants was
      performed in this study. The purification and group separation of urinary bile
      acids were done through a piperidinohydroxypropyl Sephadex LH-20 column. By
      ultraviolet spectromonitor, non 3 alpha-hydroxy bile acids such as 3 beta-hydroxy
      5-cholenate were determined, and 3 alpha-hydroxy bile acids by fluorescence
      spectromonitor. Urinary bile acids in the specimens obtained from noncholestatic
      and cholestatic infants were determined by this procedure. Major bile acids were
      cholate, chenodeoxycholate conjugates and cholate unconjugate in healthy infants.
      In cholestatic infants, total and individual bile acids were extremely increased,
      and 3 beta-hydroxy-5-cholenate conjugates appeared in the sulfated fraction.

PMID- 6592798
TI  - Treatment of cleft lip and palate. Part II: the jaw-orthognathial suction and
      drinking plate.

PMID- 6592799
TI  - Mouthguards for orthodontic patients.

PMID- 6592800
TI  - Radiological diagnosis I. Primordial cyst.

PMID- 6592801
TI  - [Incidence of dental caries in children and students from Plovdiv].

PMID- 6592803
TI  - [Clinical studies of the antiphlogistic effect of a new dental paste "Kosmos"].

PMID- 6592802
TI  - [A bacteriological and histomorphological study on the microbial invasion of the
      gingiva in periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6592804
TI  - [Comparative histological and enzyme-histochemical studies on the gingival
      papillae in periodontosis patients parasitized or not by Tr. tenax and E.
      gingivalis].

PMID- 6592805
TI  - [Various aspects in the clinical course and treatment of basal cell carcinoma of
      the facial skin].

PMID- 6592806
TI  - [Changes in various somatic indices after immune therapy in experimental
      traumatic osteomyelitis].

PMID- 6592807
TI  - [Contact between the natural teeth in centric occlusion].

PMID- 6592808
TI  - [A method for hygiene maintenance of dental prostheses and orthodontic
      appliances].

PMID- 6592809
TI  - [Dental electro-diagnostics in various inflammatory processes in the pulp].

PMID- 6592810
TI  - [Effect of water irrigation procedures on the microflora in periodontal pockets].

PMID- 6592811
TI  - [Immunotherapy of rabbits with experimental osteomyelitis of the lower jaw].

PMID- 6592812
TI  - [The effect of long-term intermaxillary ligature fixation on the ligature-bearing
      teeth].

PMID- 6592813
TI  - [Incidence, type and location of tumours affecting the jaw bones, taken from
      material at the Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery for the period 1971-1980].

PMID- 6592814
TI  - [Deciduous tooth eruption and formation of the dentition and occlusion up to age
      3].

PMID- 6592815
TI  - [Selection and social structure of dental students].

PMID- 6592817
TI  - [Closing of fresh oro-antral perforations using butyl-2-cyanoacrylates].

PMID- 6592816
TI  - [New dental follow-up care card for children and adults].

PMID- 6592818
TI  - [Instrument for removing single-cast bridges and crowns].

PMID- 6592819
TI  - [Enamel hypoplasia in children with celiac disease].

PMID- 6592820
TI  - [Agents for the biological treatment of the pulp. I. Laboratory studies].

PMID- 6592821
TI  - [Agents for the biological treatment of the pulp. II. Clinical studies].

PMID- 6592822
TI  - [Electro-excitability in intact teeth].

PMID- 6592823
TI  - [Clinical-statistical study on the conditions of the gingiva and the periodontium
      of female green-house workers].

PMID- 6592824
TI  - [Active odontogenic foci in deciduous teeth with gangrene and periodontitis
      treated by the formalin-resorcinol method].

PMID- 6592825
TI  - [The incidence of periodontal and oral mucosal diseases among students 7-18 years
      old].

PMID- 6592826
TI  - [Morphological characteristic of the healing process after immune therapy in
      experimental mandibular traumatic osteomyelitis].

PMID- 6592827
TI  - [Myxoma-fibromyxoma in the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6592828
TI  - [Bacteriologic study on the oral microflora in postoperative denture wearers].

PMID- 6592830
TI  - [Indices of economic effectiveness of dental education in our country].

PMID- 6592831
TI  - [Psychological stress in the dental profession].

PMID- 6592829
TI  - [Problems in planning postgraduate qualification in basic dental specialties].

PMID- 6592833
TI  - [Histomorphological study on gingival papillae in female workers exposed to
      pesticides].

PMID- 6592832
TI  - [The problem of malignant hyperthermia].

PMID- 6592834
TI  - [Complex treatment of a case of diastema in both jaws].

PMID- 6592835
TI  - [Cell compatibility of vitreous carbon and bioglass-ceramics].

PMID- 6592836
TI  - [The cariogenicity of refreshment beverages].

PMID- 6592837
TI  - [Experimental studies of root tip amputated teeth for evaluation of bacterial
      penetration].

PMID- 6592838
TI  - [Clinically controlled 2-year study for the use of Evicrol in the lateral tooth
      region].

PMID- 6592840
TI  - [Bacterial flora of the pathological gingival pocket with the exacerbation of
      profound inflammatory periodontopathies].

PMID- 6592839
TI  - [Demonstration of the effectiveness of plaque inhibition using a chlorhexidine
      mouthwash. A clinically controlled study].

PMID- 6592841
TI  - [Clinical follow-up studies on fixed semi-permanent periodontal splints].

PMID- 6592842
TI  - [Hygiene and hospital regulations].

PMID- 6592843
TI  - [The function of orthodontics in the area of the complex rehabilitation of cleft
      patients].

PMID- 6592844
TI  - [Computer tomography--a modern diagnostic method in maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 6592845
TI  - [The value of immunological studies in patients with malignant tumors of the
      maxillofacial region. 2: Determination of the immune complex concentration in the
      blood].

PMID- 6592846
TI  - [Biocompatibility of hardened amalgams in subcutaneous implantation with regard
      to surface changes].

PMID- 6592847
TI  - [Functional success of removable cast partial dentures].

PMID- 6592848
TI  - [Several trends in the problems of periodontal biometric measurement methods in
      an abbreviated survey].

PMID- 6592850
TI  - [Periodontal diseases in childhood and adolescence].

PMID- 6592849
TI  - [Indications and technics for inlay restorations].

PMID- 6592851
TI  - [The effect of phosphate cements on the histological changes in the pulp of dog
      teeth].

PMID- 6592853
TI  - [Chronic diffused apical periodontitis].

PMID- 6592852
TI  - [The effects of propolis on the reparative processes of the pulp and histological
      analysis of the pulp 28 days after artificial exposure and covering with
      propolis].

PMID- 6592855
TI  - [Osteosynthesis of the lower orbital edge using a transconjuctival approach].

PMID- 6592856
TI  - [Scientific findings on propolis and its application in medicine].

PMID- 6592857
TI  - [Correlation between the action potential sums of the masseter and temporal
      muscles and masticatory efficiency].

PMID- 6592854
TI  - [Experiences in the prosthetic rehabilitation of hard and soft palate clefts].

PMID- 6592859
TI  - Montgomery lecture. Goniotomy in the treatment of isolated trabeculodysgenesis
      (primary congenital [infantile] developmental glaucoma).
AB  - The Hoskins' gonioscopic classification of developmental glaucoma is useful in
      choice of therapy and in prognosis. It is based on the alterations occurring in
      the iris, the cornea and the trabecular meshwork. The various syndromes are
      described by the various combinations of iridodysgenesis, trabeculodysgenesis and
      corneodysgenesis. This paper is concerned with the response to goniotomy in
      infants with isolated trabeculodysgenesis (Primary congenital or infantile
      glaucoma). Such cases with signs and symptoms presenting in the first to the
      twenty-fourth month of life are excellent candidates for goniotomy and have a
      good prognosis. Those with signs and symptoms at birth or after 24 months should
      have at least one goniotomy before resorting to trabeculotomy or trabeculectomy.
      The long-term prognosis of eyes successfully treated by goniotomy is good.
      However of 50 cases followed for 15 to 25 years with pressures ranging between 10
      and 20 mm Hg without medication, 7 (14 per cent) developed complications after 15
      years. Three had increases in intraocular pressure; two had retinal detachments
      and two had mild corneal oedema from endothelial dystrophy. Forty-six per cent
      had some degree of deprivation amblyopia. Few of these cases are as yet in their
      thirties. The truly long-term prognosis is as yet unknown. It is of great
      importance that these patients have periodic eye examinations throughout their
      life.

PMID- 6592858
TI  - [Clinical studies on aluminum oxide implants in experimental animals].

PMID- 6592860
TI  - Laser trabeculoplasty in the pseudo-exfoliation syndrome.
AB  - Because of the high incidence of pseudo-exfoliation in Ireland and because of the
      difficult problem this group poses regarding control it was decided to treat a
      group of these patients with the Argon Laser. This paper is a preliminary report
      of our experience.

PMID- 6592861
TI  - Muscle lengthening in refractory squint.
AB  - The technique of muscle lengthening is described and the results of this method
      illustrated in seven cases where conventional squint surgery had failed. Single
      medial rectus lengthening corrects 25 to 35 diopters of deviation and when
      combined with resection of the homolateral lateral rectus up to 45 diopters of
      deviation are corrected. There have been no complications or limitations of
      ocular movement. The technique is recommended where conventional surgery has
      failed to produce adequate cosmetic improvement.

PMID- 6592862
TI  - Safe intraocular medication and irrigation.
AB  - Present day intraocular surgery may involve drug insertion into the globe in
      volumes from 1 drop to several litres. The effects of a few common drugs and
      solutions on the corneal endothelium are discussed.

PMID- 6592863
TI  - Effect of cyclosporine on the generation of prostanoids by cultured peripheral
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 6592864
TI  - [Statistical observations in new patients--with special reference to patients
      having missing teeth].

PMID- 6592865
TI  - [Statistical observations in endodontic therapy in clinical practice--1.
      Examination and diagnosis].

PMID- 6592866
TI  - [Histological and biochemical study on the healing processes of tooth extraction
      wounds].

PMID- 6592867
TI  - [Measurements of masticatory efficiency and occlusal contact area in normal
      dentition].

PMID- 6592868
TI  - [Clinical and bacteriologic study of pyogenic infections in the oral and
      maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6592870
TI  - Vermicellar bodies in osteosarcoma cell nuclei.

PMID- 6592869
TI  - Chronic myelocytic leukemia: ultrastructural histopathology of bone marrow from
      patients in the chronic phase.
AB  - We investigated the ultrastructural changes in the hematopoietic microenvironment
      of the bone marrow obtained from 15 untreated patients with chronic myelocytic
      leukemia (CML) in the chronic phase by transmission and scanning electron
      microscopy using the cryofracture technique. Examination of the undecalcified
      bone marrow specimens confirmed extensive hyperplastic granulopoiesis. In the
      stroma, fat cells were scarce or absent. Macrophages were increased and scattered
      throughout the marrow. The cytoplasm contained abundant cellular debris and
      crystals of the Charcot-Leyden type. Slender reticular cells were inconspicuously
      located between proliferating myeloid cells. A few foci of fibrosis were
      occasionally observed. The sinus endothelium generally retained its continuity,
      and no features suggesting complete deterioration of the sinus were evident.
      However, certain alterations in the sinus wall were noted in the process of
      leukemia cell migration. Many cells migrated transcellularly into the circulation
      through transient large openings in the sinus endothelium.

PMID- 6592871
TI  - [Malignant histiocytosis associated with acute myeloblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6592872
TI  - Canine sinonasal skeletal neoplasms: chondrosarcomas and osteosarcomas.
AB  - We studied 34 chondrosarcomas and 17 osteosarcomas among 285 sinonasal neoplasms
      in the dog. Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas (24) were more common than ordinary
      chondrosarcomas. Ultrastructural studies done in one case confirmed mesenchymal
      chondrosarcoma. Of the osteosarcomas, fibroblastic osteosarcoma (7) was the most
      common. In contrast to non-sinonasal skeletal neoplasms which are composed mostly
      (80%) of osteosarcomas, chondrosarcomas (66%) and mesenchymal chondrosarcomas
      (47%) were predominant among the sinonasal skeletal neoplasms of this study. The
      average age (ten years) of the dogs with sinonasal osteosarcoma was higher than
      that of dogs with non-sinonasal skeletal osteosarcoma, and there was a distinct
      male predominance in the dogs with osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Large breed
      dogs and boxers, frequently affected with skeletal neoplasms, were not affected
      commonly with sinonasal osteosarcoma. The frequency of metastasis in the dogs
      with chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma was much lower than that seen in dogs with
      nonsinonasal skeletal neoplasms.

PMID- 6592873
TI  - Intravascular leukostasis in a horse with myelomonocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6592874
TI  - Fertility of the West African dwarf goat in its native environment following
      prostaglandin F2-alpha induced estrus.
AB  - The fertility of ten West African Dwarf goats in which oestrus was induced with
      PGF2 alpha was comparable to that of the five West African Dwarf goats in the
      control group. Performance indices as determined by duration of oestrus and
      length of gestation were not affected. Similarly the birth weight of kids was not
      significantly influenced. However, treated goats were superior to controls when
      the interval from commencement of experiment to oestrus is considered, although
      there was no difference between the two treated groups of goats (5 mg vs 10 mg
      PGF2 alpha). Results showed that PGF2 alpha could be an important tool in oestrus
      synchronization and thus in controls of the reproductive performance of the West
      African Dwarf goats under humid lowland tropical environmental conditions.

PMID- 6592875
TI  - Effectiveness of biofeedback in a private psychiatry practice.

PMID- 6592876
TI  - The death certificate: a mirror of life.

PMID- 6592877
TI  - Carcinoid tumors and carcinoid syndrome.

PMID- 6592878
TI  - [The emotional state of children with lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6592879
TI  - [Gonadal infiltration in a 5-year-old boy with lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6592880
TI  - [Molecular biology studies of synovial fluid cells of patients with chronic
      polyarthritis after intra-articular prednisolone medication].
AB  - In the course of molecular biological research on patients with classical
      rheumatoid arthritis (according to ARA criteria), an investigation was carried
      out on the influence of different doses of prednisolone on semiconservative DNA
      synthesis, the sedimentation of nucleoids before and after gamma-irradiation and
      protein synthesis in synovial fluid cells. A significant dose-dependent
      suppression of semiconservative DNA synthesis was demonstrated with 5, 10 and 25
      mg prednisolone. Granulocytes and cell detritus were removed by Ficoll urografin
      separation. In the presence of high saline concentrations and non ionic
      detergents nucleoids were extracted from synovial cells. These contained, besides
      nuclear proteins, almost the complete nuclear RNA and DNA in a superhelical
      structure. After ultracentrifugation, the nucleoid sedimentation profiles were
      determined by saccharose gradients. The individual sedimentation profiles were
      determined and statistically evaluated before and after irradiation causing
      strand breaks by Co60 at a dose of 1 Gy. No difference in nucleoid sedimentation
      was seen at a dosage of 5 mg of prednisolone, but after administration of 10, 25
      and 40 mg a decrease in sedimentation velocity was observed and this effect might
      be explained by the DNA destabilizing effect of a steroid receptor complex
      followed by DNA strand breaks which had migrated into the nucleus. In vitro, no
      significant inhibition of supercoiled DNA repair was found after gamma
      irradiation when prednisolone was administered. This is an argument against a
      damaging influence of prednisolone on the DNA repair of the genetic material of
      synovial fluid cells, which are predominantly lymphocytes. For the investigation
      of protein synthesis, 3H-labelled L-aminoacids were incorporated into the cells,
      and the activity measured after repeated washings. Following the administration
      of the lower prednisolone doses (5 and 10 mg) the incorporation of 3H-labelled L
      aminoacids increases, whereas a significant inhibition of protein synthesis is
      found with doses of 25 mg or more. The possible clinical relevance of this
      phenomenon is discussed.

PMID- 6592881
TI  - [Brain performance and behavior in senile dementias of the Alzheimer type].
AB  - Following a brief review of the recent literature on dementia methodological
      problems in the assessment of intellectual disturbances, psychopathological
      syndroms and modifications of behaviour in dementia are discussed. The study
      deals with the course of illness of untreated patients suffering from senile
      dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Patients were investigated five times during a
      period of 35 days. Scales used were the SKT-FPB test system (Erzigkeit, 1977),
      the Sandoz Clinical Assessment Geriatrics (SCAG, Shader et al., 1974) and the
      Geriatric Rating Scale (GRS, Plutchik et al., 1970). The first test system
      measures brain performance were the SCAG and the GRS mainly deal with
      psychopathological and behavioural disturbances. For resp. five factors of SCAG
      resp. GRS could be separated through hierarchical cluster analysis. No
      significant difference between the values of the SKT-FPP test system and the two
      observer rating scales could be found at any time of the study. This also proved
      right when dementias were separated clinically into mild and severe forms. These
      two groups could only be differentiated by the SKT-FPP test system, the factor 1
      (organic impairment) of the SCAG and the factor 4 (social maladaption) of the
      GRS. Following a separation of clinically ameliorated, worsened or unchanged
      patients at the end of the study significant differences could only be found in
      the values of the FP-standard points and the factors organic impairment,
      depression and social maladaption in the observer rating scales. The impression,
      that prognosis of patients with a statistically unstabile course (descriptively
      assessed by means of the sum of variances) would be different from patients with
      stabile courses could not be proven. Investigation by correlation statistics of
      the whole patient groups at the test points showed that the FP-standard points
      correlated only with the factors social maladaption and organic impairment. It is
      concluded that according to this data best assessment of the course of illness is
      by psychometric methods, i.e. the SKT-FPB test system in this study. Observer
      rating scales, frequently mentioned in the literature seem to be more
      inconsistent and problematic for the valuation of the course of illness of
      dementias. They also seem to be in sufficient to evaluate effects of therapy, a
      fact being of major importance when concerning their frequent use in
      psychopharmacological trials in demented patients. The study could also show,
      that the variation in course of illness of patients suffering from senile
      dementia of the Alzheimer type is so big, that grouping these patients leads to
      the loss of statistical differences of their illness.

PMID- 6592882
TI  - [Significance of the limbus glenoidalis for the stability of the shoulder joint].
AB  - Besides the osseous structures and the muscular elements, the capsular and
      ligamentous apparatus, including the limbus genoidalis, is of utmost importance
      for the stability of the shoulder-joint. In the literature the limbus glenoidalis
      (L.G.) is generally described as a fibrocartilagineous structure comparable to
      the menisci of the knee-joint. Basically, the cause of a primary foreful shoulder
      dislocation may be either a direct or an indirect trauma. The lesions during
      luxation concern the joint's capsula, the L.G. and the head of the humerus.
      However, in the literature one finds many different explanations as to which of
      those lesions is responsible for the subsequent development of recurring shoulder
      dislocation. The variability of concepts is reflected by the large number of
      operative procedures that are advised as treatment of a recurring dislocation.
      Assuming that the L.G. substantially contributes to the stability of the shoulder
      joint, we have investigated structure, blood-perfusion and anatomical connections
      of the L.G. The mechanism of the primary shoulder dislocation was simulated in
      mechanical strain-experiments, carried out on human corpse specimens. The
      occurring lesions were analysed. The following investigations were undertaken in
      alltogether 182 fresh specimens of human shoulder joints: measurement and
      calculation of the joint-surfaces of scapula and humeral head, dye-injection of
      the arteria axillaris, in order to demonstrate the vascular supply of the limbus
      glenoidalis, histological examination of the structure of the limbus glenoidalis,
      mechanical strain-experiments, that simulate the dislocation mechanism of the
      shoulder-joint. The calculations of joint-surfaces showed a relative decrease of
      the scapular joint-surface with growing age. The relation of the scapular joint
      surface (always plus limbus glenoidalis) to the joint-surface of the humeral head
      is 1: 2.25 +/- 0.38 in men and 1: 2.20 +/- 0.11 in women (age-group: 20 to 49
      years). In the age-group of 70 to 89 years the respective numbers are 1: 2.90 +/-
      0.35 and 1: 2.99 +/- 1.04. The differences in the relations of surfaces between
      the different age-groups are statistically significant for both sexes (p less
      than 0.01; Student-t-test). The dye-injection showed that the main artery
      supplying the limbus glenoidalis is a branch of the arteria circumflexa scapulae.
      This branch is connected by several anastomoses with the arteriae circumflexa
      humeri anterior and posterior. These macroscopical observations were confirmed by
      histological and microangiographic examinations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6592883
TI  - [Lusitropic behavior in patients with coronary heart disease].
AB  - To determine the diastolic function of the left ventricle, the peak filling rate
      (PFR), the filling fraction (FF) and the time to peak filling rate normalized by
      the RR interval (TPFR/RR) were measured by means of a conventional gamma camera
      computer system and a mobile ventricular probe (nuclearstethoscope). In a part of
      the patients moreover indices of the isovolumic relaxation were measured by
      invasive methods. In the first part of the investigation the correlation of the
      variables measured by the gamma camera and the ventricular probe and the
      intraobserver reliability of measurements by the ventricular probe were examined.
      Besides, the interactions between the variables of the isovolumic relaxation and
      the ventricular filling were investigated. A close correlation was found between
      the indices of the diastolic function measured by the Anger-camera and the
      ventricular probe (p less than 0,01). The intra-observer reliability of the dates
      measured by the nuclearstethoscope proved to be a good one. A significant
      correlation between the time constant of isovolumic relaxation (T) and the
      quotient dt/T on the one hand and the variables of the diastolic filling on the
      other hand has been proved. In the second part of the investigation the diastolic
      variables in normals and in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) were
      measured. By means of the PFR and the FF normals could be distinguished from
      patients with CHD at a relatively high percentage. Differences between normals
      and patients with CHD could be shown by the diastolic variables exposed to
      dynamic stress and atrial pacing and a pharmacologic stress with dipyridamole.
      Finally the influence of diltiazem and k-strophantin on the diastolic function of
      the left ventricle was examined. Diltiazem caused an improvement of the diastolic
      variables without deteriorating the diastolic function. K-strophantin enhances
      the systolic function of the ventricle thus causing a slight improvement of the
      isovolumic relaxation. It is concluded that the diastolic variables measured by
      radionuclides have to be regarded as an important contribution to the diagnosis
      and the estimation of the ventricular function in patients with CHD.

PMID- 6592884
TI  - HLA-linked genetic markers in Koreans.

PMID- 6592885
TI  - Bulimia.

PMID- 6592886
TI  - Anorexia-bulimia: case report.

PMID- 6592887
TI  - Oral physiology in end-stage renal disease.

PMID- 6592889
TI  - [Indications and implementation of fibrinolytic therapy with streptokinase and
      urokinase in deep venous thrombosis].

PMID- 6592888
TI  - Oral manifestations of the smokeless tobacco habit.

PMID- 6592890
TI  - [Peripheral arterial microembolisms--literature review and personal
      observations].

PMID- 6592891
TI  - [Early and late results of conservative therapy in patients with peripheral
      arterial circulatory disorders of clinical stage IV].

PMID- 6592892
TI  - [Erythrocyte filtration--a clinically relevant method for characterizing
      "erythrocyte fluidity" within the scope of arterial occlusive disease].

PMID- 6592894
TI  - [Accidents in ambulatory dentistry].

PMID- 6592893
TI  - [Phlebology today. Critical thoughts from the viewpoint of phlebologic practice].

PMID- 6592895
TI  - [Prevention in jaw relations in dental orthopedics. Orthodontic topics in the
      framework of dental health education].

PMID- 6592896
TI  - [A domestic ultrasound apparatus for removal of dental plaque].

PMID- 6592897
TI  - [Development of and need for maxillofacial surgery in the Celje region].

PMID- 6592898
TI  - [Case report of the possible relations between orthodontic movement and gingival
      recession].

PMID- 6592899
TI  - [Clinical follow-up studies of the effect of temporary root canal filling
      materials on an infected apical periodontium].

PMID- 6592900
TI  - [Replantation of teeth].

PMID- 6592901
TI  - [Esthetic rehabilitation of extreme cases in the anterior region on basis of the
      functional glide plane (FGS) using the Gnathomat].

PMID- 6592902
TI  - [Pathological changes in the teeth and gingiva due to betel chewing in Central
      India].

PMID- 6592904
TI  - [Increase in adolescent caries on the occlusal surfaces and cervical regions of
      the teeth].

PMID- 6592903
TI  - [Concept of the double as a problem of relationships in problems of leukemia and
      terminal cancer patients and its appearance in art therapy].
AB  - Patients suffering from leukemia or from severe terminal cancer have possibly
      been impaired with regard to their ego functions even before any manifestation of
      their disease had occurred. With the outbreak of their illness they often
      experience an additional imperilment of their ego loundaries. By introjection of
      the art therapist (or the physician) whom the patients frequently perceive as
      their double they are able to make an attempt at reconstructing an intact image
      of themselves and thus to restore intact ego functions. The double, on the one
      hand, becomes a source of help and, on the other, an exponent of the patient's
      own nonexistence because he continuously represents the non-ego as well. Pictures
      painted by leukemia patients in the course of an art psychotherapy illustrate
      this phenomenon. The confrontation with the double, exhibited in these pictures,
      allows the working-through of the relationship between the patient and the
      therapist which is always ambiguous. Thus the coping with grief, to a certain
      degree at least, becomes possible.

PMID- 6592905
TI  - [Hygiene of hands and instruments].

PMID- 6592906
TI  - [Medical answers in our time].

PMID- 6592907
TI  - [Sugar--the sweet seduction].

PMID- 6592908
TI  - [Deciduous tooth caries in the early teeth and lengthy nursing].

PMID- 6592909
TI  - [Nutrition rules in the field of preventive dentistry].

PMID- 6592910
TI  - [Sterilization in dentistry].

PMID- 6592911
TI  - [Dysgnathism, posture problems, and deformities of the spine. Their significance
      in functional orthodontics. 2].

PMID- 6592912
TI  - [The psychosomatics of complete dentures].

PMID- 6592913
TI  - Renal oxygen and lactate metabolism in hemorrhagic shock. An experimental study.
AB  - Renal oxygen and lactate metabolism as well as central and renal hemodynamics
      were investigated in hemorrhagic shock in dogs. The animals were bled
      progressively until a 40-50% blood loss was achieved. Following a 20-, 40-, 60-,
      or 80-minute shock phase the shed blood was gradually returned. The effect of
      acute total ischemia on renal oxygen metabolism was studied during arterial
      occlusion. The renal cortical and medullary PO2 and PCO2 were recorded by means
      of implanted Silastic tonometers. The mean baseline cortical PO2 was 35 mmHg and
      the corresponding medullary PO2 25 mmHg. The renal cortical PO2 responded
      promptly to hemorrhage and declined in parallel with the cardiac output and renal
      blood flow. Hypoxia became more severe in the cortex than in the medulla during
      hemorrhagic shock. The response of both the cortical and the medullary PO2 to
      blood return increased with prolongation of the preceding shock phase. After one
      hour of shock, or more, the tissue oxygen tensions exceeded the prehemorrhage
      levels. Concomitantly, the renal blood flow and oxygen consumption were depressed
      below the initial values. The results of the studies of tissue PO2 decay curves
      after renal arterial occlusion suggested that the mean critical PO2 level for
      oxygen consumption is 15 mmHg for the cortex and 13 mmHg for the medulla. Aerobic
      oxidative metabolism ceased at a PO2 value of 6 mmHg in both tissue layers. In
      hemorrhagic shock, the critical PO2 level for oxygen consumption was reached
      earlier in the cortex than in the medulla. The minimum PO2 for aerobic oxidative
      metabolism was recorded in the cortex during severe shock, but not in the
      medulla. Renal lactate uptake remained rather unaffected during graded
      hemorrhage. The extreme impairment of renal perfusion associated with hemorrhagic
      shock produced a parallel decrease in the cortical PO2 and lactate utilization.
      Renal lactate utilization became limited at the cortical PO2 level, which
      coincided with the critical PO2 measured during the arterial occlusion. Lactate
      utilization ceased at a cortical PO2 level that was analogous with the minimum
      PO2 for aerobic oxidative metabolism determined after arterial occlusion. After
      reinfusion of shed blood renal lactate uptake failed to return to the
      prehemorrhage level. The renal lactate uptake was inversely related to the
      arterial pH under baseline conditions whereas after blood return the correlation
      between these parameters was less significant. The present findings suggest that
      in hemorrhagic shock renal metabolism may become limited by hypoxia and the
      susceptibility to the development of hypoxia is greater in the cortex than in the
      medulla.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6592914
TI  - Proceedings: American Society of Cytology. Presidential Address.

PMID- 6592915
TI  - Nomenclature of precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix. A position paper.
AB  - There is universal and almost unanimous belief that there is a need for a radical
      revision of the terminology relating to the epithelial abnormalities of the
      uterine cervix that precede invasive carcinoma. Although this belief has been
      held for some years, no generally accepted alternative system has, as yet, been
      devised. This position paper examines (1) the origin of the existing system of
      terminology, (2) the problems associated with this system and (3) the
      requirements of any new, alternative nomenclature. The various alternatives that
      have been suggested are considered with particular reference to their advantages
      and disadvantages. Only two such alternatives are considered to be acceptable,
      and it is suggested that neither is likely to gain universal acceptance at this
      time. However, it is possible that new diagnostic techniques, with their
      potential for a more accurate evaluation of cell abnormalities, may facilitate
      the development or application of an acceptable system of terminology.

PMID- 6592916
TI  - Efficacy of cotton-tipped applicators for obtaining cells from the uterine cervix
      for Papanicolaou smears.
AB  - A study was made of the efficacy of two techniques for the preparation of
      Papanicolaou smears. In one technique ("swab-spatula technique"), a scraping of
      the endocervix with a saline-moistened cotton-tipped applicator was combined with
      a scraping of the ectocervix with a plastic spatula. In the second technique
      ("swab technique"), the endocervix and ectocervix were scraped with only a saline
      moistened cotton-tipped applicator. The swab technique produced more inadequate
      smears with a scanty cellular yield (24/408 = 6%) than did the swab-spatula
      technique (9/361 = 3%). The swab technique also produced higher false-negative
      rates (60% for CIN I, 42% for CIN II, 16% for CIN III, 20% for invasive cancer,
      and 32% overall) as compared with those of the swab-spatula technique (27% for
      CIN I, 29% for CIN II, 14% for CIN III, 0% for invasive cancer and 18% overall).
      Because of the higher rates of inadequate samples and false negativity in smears
      prepared by cotton-tipped applicators alone, it is recommended that the spatula
      not be omitted in taking cervical samples for the preparation of Papanicolaou
      smears for the detection of dysplasia or cancer. This study also reflects a poor
      performance of a cervical cancer detection system in the setting of a major
      medical school and suggests the need for instruction and periodic evaluation of
      the performance of the staff taking the smears. This study also substantiates
      doubt on the value of a second recent smear as a follow-up procedure for cervical
      dysplasia.

PMID- 6592917
TI  - Anatomic basis of endometrial cytology.
AB  - A comparative cytologic and histologic study on 700 hysterectomy specimens showed
      that the cytologic evaluation of exfoliated cells from the uterine cavity did not
      correspond to the findings of the histologic examination of the endometrium in
      about 33% of sexually mature and 30% of postmenopausal women. The findings of
      both methods did not always coincide because the epithelial cells in the imprints
      or smears and the epithelial cells lining the glands in the histologic specimens
      belonged to structures that anatomically have little in common, one being
      superficial epithelium of the endometrium and the other being the glandular
      epithelium in the deep layers of the mucosa. This explains the false-negative
      results in the cytologic examination of the endometrium, especially in cases of
      glandular hyperplasia and early carcinoma, in which the foci of proliferation are
      initially covered by small and inactive surface epithelial cells and are
      inaccessible to cytologic investigation. False-positive cytologic results may
      occur in cases of irritated surface epithelium in chronic endometritis; this may
      also happen in women using an intrauterine device, during estrogen therapy, in
      regenerating mucosa after desquamation or curettage, in early pregnancy and after
      spontaneous abortion.

PMID- 6592918
TI  - Preoperative cytologic diagnosis of primary gastrointestinal malignant lymphoma.
AB  - This report is based on the review and study of primary gastrointestinal
      malignant lymphomas as seen in cytologic brushing and washing specimens. During a
      period of 12 years (1970 to 1981), a total of 2,675 patients with malignant
      lymphoma involving the gastrointestinal tract were seen at Memorial Sloan
      Kettering Cancer Center. Of these patients, 73 were diagnosed as having primary
      malignant lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract. A total of 49 preoperative
      cytologic specimens obtained from 29 patients with histologically confirmed
      primary gastrointestinal malignant lymphoma were examined and are the basis for
      this study. Twenty-four patients had gastric primaries; three tumors were in the
      colon and two were small intestinal lymphomas. Thirty-three cytologic specimens
      taken from 25 patients were considered diagnostic for malignant lymphoma. A
      positive cytologic brushing was the only diagnostic preoperative specimen for 9
      of the 29 patients. Combined cytologic and biopsy specimens provided a diagnosis
      of malignant lymphoma for 16 patients. Cytologic washings did not add to the
      diagnostic accuracy. The 29 cases of malignant lymphoma reviewed here were
      histologically subclassified as 23 large-cell, poorly differentiated and six
      small-cell, well-differentiated lesions. The cytomorphologic features of
      malignant lymphoma as observed in gastrointestinal specimens are outlined, and
      differential diagnoses are discussed. Clinicopathologic implications of the
      cytologic findings are considered.

PMID- 6592919
TI  - Intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions in aspirates of follicular neoplasms of the
      thyroid. A report of two cases.
AB  - Two cases are reviewed in which the presence of intranuclear cytoplasmic
      inclusions in fine needle aspiration biopsy specimens of the thyroid suggested a
      diagnosis of papillary carcinoma. Subsequent surgical specimens were consistent
      with diagnoses of microfollicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma. These cases
      suggest that the presence of intranuclear inclusions in epithelial thyroid cells
      is not limited to papillary and medullary carcinoma, as some authors have
      suggested.

PMID- 6592920
TI  - Intranuclear vacuoles in nonpapillary carcinoma of the thyroid. A report of three
      cases.
AB  - Three cases of nonpapillary carcinoma of the thyroid are reported in which
      intranuclear vacuoles or (pseudo)inclusions were observed in fine needle
      aspiration smears. Two of the cases had medullary carcinoma; one had a poorly
      differentiated follicular carcinoma. The cytologic, histologic and
      ultrastructural appearances of intranuclear vacuoles and of the so-called ground
      glass nuclei of papillary carcinoma are described, and the diagnostic
      significance of these findings is discussed briefly. Intranuclear vacuoles are
      distinct and different from ground-glass nuclei.

PMID- 6592921
TI  - Follicular adenoma of the thyroid with intranuclear vacuoles and clear nuclei. A
      case report.
AB  - Although the presence of intranuclear vacuoles in fine needle aspiration biopsy
      specimens and clear nuclei in histologic specimens is considered characteristic
      of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, these findings are not pathognomonic of
      this disease. This paper reports a case of follicular adenoma of the thyroid with
      such features and emphasizes the importance of not relying solely on these
      criteria for the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma.

PMID- 6592922
TI  - Primary retroperitoneal seminoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy. A
      case report.
AB  - A fine needle aspiration biopsy specimen of a retroperitoneal mass was submitted
      for cytologic evaluation. Malignant cells were found, and the cytologic
      appearance was consistent with seminoma although the clinical possibilities
      included lymphoma and adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Cytologic features of the
      needle biopsy specimen included uniform neoplastic malignant cells with round
      nuclei and nucleoli and clear or pale-staining cytoplasm. The cells were found
      singly or in groups of two or three cells. Lymphocytes were intermingled with the
      neoplastic cells.

PMID- 6592923
TI  - Aspiration cytology of a rare solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the
      pancreas. Light and electron microscopic study of a case.
AB  - The light and electron microscopic appearance of fine needle aspirates from a
      case of a solid and papillary neoplasm of the pancreas is described. This rare
      type of tumor, which is often large when detected and usually occurs in young
      women, has a favorable prognosis if treated surgically. Thus, it is important to
      distinguish this lesion from other pancreatic neoplasms with regard to the choice
      of therapy. Possible cytologic differential diagnoses and the aid of electron
      microscopy in this context are discussed.

PMID- 6592924
TI  - A novel in vitro-in vivo approach to carcinogenesis studies designed for use with
      human cells and tissues.
AB  - A novel in vitro-in vivo approach for the study of initiation and neoplastic
      transformation was tested. The approach is based on two in vivo observations: (1)
      hepatocytes are most sensitive to initiating effects of chemicals during cell
      proliferation and (2) one population of initiated hepatocytes shows resistance to
      the mitoinhibitory effects of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF). We found that (1)
      normal rat hepatocytes exposed to 1 mM 14C-methylnitrosourea (MNU) for one hour
      show alkylation of their DNA, as measured by the accumulation of N-7- and O6
      methylguanine; (2) hepatocytes isolated for 18 hours following partial
      hepatectomy (PH) continue the S-phase in vitro, as evidenced by a 400-fold
      increase in tritiated thymidine incorporation as compared to non-PH (normal)
      hepatocytes; (3) hepatocytes survive the conditions of isolation, three hours in
      culture and exposure to MNU and grow following transfer to the livers and spleens
      of recipient animals; and (4) nodular and hepatoma hepatocytes retained their
      property of AAF-resistance and grew faster than did normal hepatocytes following
      transfer to recipients selected with AAF plus PH. We are applying this in vitro
      in vivo approach to the study of human cells and tissues.

PMID- 6592926
TI  - Proceedings from the 1983 Swedish neurotoxicology symposium. Copenhagen, Denmark,
      April 14-16,1983.

PMID- 6592925
TI  - Intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions in carcinoma of the thyroid gland.

PMID- 6592927
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid proteins and cells in men subjected to long-term exposure to
      organic solvents.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was obtained from 17 men occupationally exposed to
      organic solvents and diagnosed as having a psycho-organic syndrome. Healthy
      volunteers and patients without neurological disorders were used as controls. The
      albumin ratio was increased in three heavily exposed men, indicating an increased
      passage of albumin over the blood-brain barrier. A slight monocytoid reaction was
      present in three of the subjects in the exposed group. Myelin basic protein and
      enolase activity were within normal limits. Isoelectric focusing of CSF-enriched
      proteins obtained by absorption chromatography showed alterations in nine out of
      17 exposed individuals: The most prominent change was a relative increase of the
      protein band with Ip 4.7.

PMID- 6592928
TI  - Clinical evidence and therapeutic indications in neurotoxicology, exemplified by
      thallotoxicosis.
AB  - A hyperacute, a classic, and a subtle case of thallium neuropathy are described.
      The importance of clinical clues for investigation economy is stressed. Although
      the indications are not yet well-defined, toxic neuropathy is a field for the use
      of enteral dialysis and other non-invasive elimination procedures.

PMID- 6592929
TI  - Aspects on antidote therapy in acute poisoning affecting the nervous system.
AB  - The number of toxic substances affecting the nervous system through acute or
      chronic exposure is overwhelming. This survey will elucidate the possibilities of
      antidote therapy in some acute cases of poisoning, caused by nervous system
      toxicants. Antidotes exert their therapeutic effects through a variety of
      mechanisms: Adsorption, formation of inert complexes, inhibited conversion to
      toxic metabolites, enhancement of endogenous detoxification, interference at
      receptor sites, and physiological antagonism. The application of these principles
      in treating some poisonings caused by important nervous system toxicants will be
      considered. This survey is by no means comprehensive, but rather gives some
      relevant examples and deals only with acute poisoning.

PMID- 6592930
TI  - Elimination methods in neurotoxicology.
AB  - In addition to supportive care and, if appropriate, antidote therapy, the
      prognosis in some poisonings can be improved by increasing drug or toxin
      elimination. Such methods include peroral activated charcoal, forced diuresis,
      peritoneal and hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion. The choice of method should be
      based upon a knowledge of the pharmacology of the drug or toxin itself and the
      limitations of the technique employed. This review focuses on the pharmacological
      principles involved, outlining the limitations and indications for these
      techniques in toxicology.

PMID- 6592931
TI  - Some geomedical aspects.

PMID- 6592933
TI  - Effects of manganese on the nervous system.
AB  - The acute effect of manganese on the synaptosomal sodium-dependent choline uptake
      was studied. Manganese (Mn) revealed a mixed competitive-noncompetitive
      inhibition of the choline uptake, at Mn concentrations in the mM range. We do not
      believe that lack of choline for transmitter synthesis is of importance in Mn
      poisoning. Manganese chloride intubation of neonatal rats resulted in reduced
      homovanillic acid content in the striatum and hypothalamus. No other alteration
      in the dopamine or serotonin metabolism was revealed. A mechanism of cytotoxic
      action of manganese is discussed in terms of its transition metal properties and
      interaction with reactive oxygen compounds which result in the production of
      substances that alkylate or oxidize the cellular thiols.

PMID- 6592932
TI  - Some toxic effects of lead, other metals and antibacterial agents on the nervous
      system--animal experiment models.
AB  - Modern man is chronically exposed to lead levels in the biosphere, several times
      higher than the natural level that once existed. There is much concern about the
      possible adverse effects of this population-wide low-level lead exposure,
      particularly on the developing organism, where the central nervous system may be
      a primary target for lead. We have developed animal test systems which permit
      temporal and spatial discrimination of possible effects of lead and other
      potentially neurotoxic agents in the environment on the developing central
      nervous system, as well as on different types of peripheral nerves in the adult
      individual. In one experimental design, defined areas of the fetal rat brain are
      grafted to the anterior chamber of the eye of adult rat recipients which are
      exposed to lead (1% PbAc in drinking water). Such grafts will become vascularized
      from the host iris and continue their development in oculo. Thus the grafted
      brain tissue and the host brain will share circulation and therefore be exposed
      to exactly the same amounts of lead simultaneously. Studies of cerebellar grafts
      revealed that although there was a normal gross cytological development in the
      presence of lead, there was a severe, permanent impairment of the spontaneous
      discharge rates of the grafted Purkinje neurons as observed with
      electrophysiological techniques long after cessation of the lead treatment. The
      host Purkinje neurons were not affected. A similar, although less dramatic,
      impairment of cerebellar function could then be demonstrated in intact animals
      when newborn rats were given lead (8 mg PbAc/kg i.p.) during the first 20 days of
      life and then studied as adults. In other areas of the fetal central nervous
      system grafted to the eye, lead caused disturbed growth (substantia nigra, cortex
      cerebri). A screening technique for potentially harmful effects on autonomic and
      sensory nerve terminals in adult rats makes use of intraocular injections of
      agents to be tested. Morphological and histochemical changes of the innervation
      apparatus of the iris are then studied in iris whole-mount preparations. Lead
      causes an adrenergic hyperinnervation of the iris. Computer-based image analysis
      revealed severe degenerative effects by hexachlorophene and chlorhexidine. These
      studies demonstrate the usefulness of the intraocular grafts and the intraocular
      injection technique and the need to apply both structural and functional
      techniques in order to detect possible neurotoxic actions of xenobiotics. The
      techniques have revealed hitherto unknown toxic actions of lead on cerebellar
      function.

PMID- 6592934
TI  - An expanded classification of neurotoxic responses based on cellular targets of
      chemical agents.
AB  - We propose an interim classification of neurotoxic substances based on their
      cellular and sub-cellular targets in the nervous system. These sites are: The
      neuron (including excitable membrane, transmitter systems, and structural
      integrity), glial cells and myelin, nervous system vasculature, and muscle.

PMID- 6592935
TI  - Analytical methods for trace elements in biological material.
AB  - Trace elements and essential trace elements are defined. The principal methods
      commonly used for their analysis in biological tissues are reviewed. The methods
      covered are chemical, electrochemical, optical spectrometry, X-ray spectrometry,
      mass spectrometry, and nuclear methods. The great importance of the sampling
      procedure and sample treatment is pointed out. The most sensitive, most generally
      applicable multi-element procedure is neutron activation analysis. The main
      drawbacks are that the procedure is time-consuming and expensive. Atomic
      absorption spectrometry is the most popular method. It is fast and inexpensive
      but can usually only be used as a single-element technique.

PMID- 6592936
TI  - Gallium67 citrate scanning in patients with lacrimal gland and conjunctival
      sarcoidosis. A report on three cases.
AB  - Gallium citrate Ga67 scanning of the head and thorax of 3 patients with
      sarcoidosis is presented. Two patients had a progressive pulmonary sarcoidosis of
      recent onset and in one patient, with a chronic course of the disease, the lung
      changes had resolved. All 3 patients had a conjunctival sarcoid change confirmed
      by biopsy and a lacrimal gland affection suggested by clinical examination. A
      highly increased Ga67 uptake in the lacrimal and parotid glands as well as in the
      nasopharynx was found in all patients, and an increased lung uptake was found in
      the newly detected cases. It is concluded that gallium scanning is a sensitive
      method for detecting minute ophthalmic changes in sarcoidosis. It also reveals
      chronic localized ocular affection in cases in which the lung changes are no
      longer detectable. The mechanism and specificity of gallium uptake in sarcoidosis
      is also discussed.

PMID- 6592937
TI  - Jejunal mucosa after leukemia treatment in children. Increase of crypt mitotic
      activity, decrease of intraepithelial lymphocytes and IgA-cells.
AB  - Nine children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission were studied at the
      end of their three years' maintenance therapy. In the jejunal biopsy specimens
      significantly fewer intraepithelial lymphocytes and IgA-cells were observed in
      the patients than in the controls. However, the crypts were deeper than normal,
      and the mitotic activity of the crypt cells was markedly increased in all of the
      patients. Three children presented with decreased epithelial disaccharidase
      activities. One had abnormal D-xylose test and two abnormal lactose tolerance
      test. Although weight gain did not differ from the normal, height increase was
      retarded in all but one of the patients. We conclude that leukemia treatment
      leads to changes in the intestinal mucosa that might in part contribute to
      impairment of growth in the patients and to suppression of mucosal immunity in
      their jejunum.

PMID- 6592938
TI  - Multiple pigmented adrenal cortical nodules associated with Cushing's syndrome.
      Histochemical, ultrastructural and quantitative studies.
AB  - Multiple pigmented adrenocortical nodules were found in a 25-year-old woman
      associated with Cushing's syndrome, whose laboratory data indicated that the
      adrenal cortex had been functioning autonomously and adrenocorticotrophic hormone
      (ACTH) from the pituitary gland as suppressed. The surgically removed left
      adrenal gland disclosed multiple black nodules measuring up to 3 mm in diameter
      and histologically consisting of large "compact cells" which contained numerous
      yellow-brown pigments, but adjacent cortical cells were not atrophied. This kind
      of adrenal lesion is generally regarded as nodular hyperplasia of the cortex. The
      present case revealed scanty lipid and markedly increased activity of 3 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD) and glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase
      (G6PD). Ultrastructural study showed abundant cytoplasm with a large number of
      mitochondria, well-developed smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (SER), less
      rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (RER), lysosomes, and numerous granules in
      cells of the nodules. Mitochondria varied in size and shape up to occasional
      giant mitochondria. SER was vesicular or tubular forming a network of
      anastomosing tubules. Granules varied greatly in size from 400 millimicrons to 6
      microns in diameter, with diverse electron densities, mostly exhibiting the
      structural features of lipofuscin. The ultrastructural features resembled those
      in black adenoma associated with Cushing's syndrome ever reported. Concentration
      of cortisol was increased in the tissue where numerous black nodules were
      contained.

PMID- 6592940
TI  - Ticlopidine: quo vadis?

PMID- 6592939
TI  - Macrophage signal recognition.

PMID- 6592942
TI  - Ticlopidine: quo vadis? Adverse reactions in man.

PMID- 6592941
TI  - Ex vivo effects of ticlopidine on human platelets: inhibition of fibrinogen
      binding by a mechanism independent of thromboxane formation.

PMID- 6592943
TI  - Toxicological studies of ticlopidine in laboratory animals.

PMID- 6592944
TI  - Beneficial effects of ticlopidine on cardiopulmonary function of sickle cell
      patients not in crisis.

PMID- 6592945
TI  - Ticlopidine as an experimental antithrombotic agent.

PMID- 6592946
TI  - Comparative study of platelet aggregation measured with 3 different methods
      (photometric and impedance) in ticlopidine treated patients.

PMID- 6592948
TI  - Cologne atherosclerosis conference no. 2: Lipids. Cologne, May 2-4, 1984.

PMID- 6592947
TI  - Ticlopidine and adenylate cyclase.

PMID- 6592949
TI  - The role of lysophosphatidylcholine in the regulation of the catabolism of
      triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.

PMID- 6592950
TI  - Hypercholesterolemic and diabetic serum decrease LDL-degradation by cathepsin D
      from human arterial smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts.

PMID- 6592951
TI  - Metabolic channelling of apolipoprotein B in very low density lipoprotein.

PMID- 6592952
TI  - Turnover of apoB in low density lipoprotein sub-fractions.

PMID- 6592953
TI  - Degradation of normal and abnormal plasma lipoproteins by cultured macrophages.
AB  - Degradation of plasma lipoproteins via LDL-receptor-mediated endocytosis is
      carefully regulated and does not lead to the accumulation of cholesteryl esters
      in cultured cells, nor can it account for all of the LDL degraded in vivo and so
      alternative pathways for LDL catabolism have been sought. Mouse peritoneal
      macrophages in culture do not take up normal LDL, but express distinct receptors
      that recognize electronegatively-modified LDL, LDL-dextran sulphate complexes and
      beta-VLDL. However, the physiological importance of these receptors has not been
      firmly established. Human monocyte-derived macrophages in culture also express
      these three receptors, but differ from most cultured cells in that they express
      LDL receptors when maintained in medium containing serum. Uptake through these
      LDL receptors has a relatively low affinity for LDL and does not appear to
      provide a significant amount of the cholesterol required by the cells, a large
      proportion of which is obtained from endogenous synthesis. Uptake of modified LDL
      and beta VLDL by macrophages is not tightly controlled and leads to the
      accumulation of cholesteryl esters in the cell cytoplasm, although these are
      rapidly lost as free cholesterol if a suitable acceptor is present in the medium.
      Macrophages have also been shown to synthesize and secrete apoE. Thus it has been
      postulated that macrophages perform a scavenger function in the arterial wall by
      clearing damaged or trapped lipoproteins, and prevent cholesterol accumulation by
      secreting it in a form that can be readily transported back to the liver for
      excretion. Only when this process becomes overloaded does foam cell formation
      occur.

PMID- 6592954
TI  - The role of the monocyte/macrophage system in lipoprotein metabolism.

PMID- 6592955
TI  - Solubilization and purification of an acetyl-LDL binding membrane protein from
      human leukocytes.
AB  - An acetyl-LDL receptor in the human leukocyte membrane might have some importance
      in the generation of foam cells in the atherosclerotic lesion. We show
      purification of a human leukocyte membrane protein which exhibits ac-LDL-specific
      binding. Our attempts to solubilize this protein from the leukocyte's membrane
      fraction involved the usage of the non-ionic detergents Triton X-114 and beta-D
      Octylglucoside. Our scheme for the purification of the acetyl-LDL binding protein
      included ion exchange chromatography and affinity chromatography. Following
      solubilization the ac-LDL binding activity was assayed by ligand blotting,
      demonstrating polyvinylsulfate sensitive binding of ac-LDL to a single, acidic
      280 000 D membrane protein in the crude membrane fraction.

PMID- 6592956
TI  - Macrophages, oxidised lipids and atherosclerosis.

PMID- 6592957
TI  - Regulation of LDL receptors in vivo.
AB  - The information reviewed here indicates that LDL receptor activity in vivo is
      regulated in normal animals and probably in normal humans. Furthermore, LDL
      receptor activity is also regulated in patients with heterozygous Familial
      Hypercholesterolemia. Our experiments in patients with this disease indicate that
      one can exploit the normal regulation of receptor synthesis to stimulate the
      single normal gene in these patients to produce an increased number of LDL
      receptors. This stimulation can be accomplished by manipulating the intracellular
      cholesterol pools in the liver with drugs that inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and by
      maneuvers that result in bile acid depletion. These therapeutic measures are most
      effective when combined. Such therapy is likely to be beneficial, particularly
      since the results of the Lipid Research Clinics Primary Intervention Trial using
      the bile acid sequestrant, cholestyramine, have demonstrated that lowering LDL
      cholesterol levels with this drug also lowers the incidence of coronary heart
      disease. In a broader sense, the success of this regulatory manipulation suggests
      that other genetic diseases may be treated by manipulation of regulatory signals
      that control the rates of synthesis of gene products.

PMID- 6592958
TI  - Familial hypercholesterolemia proven by tissue culture and atherosclerosis in
      relation to other risk factors.

PMID- 6592959
TI  - Oral administration of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine reduces lipid and
      cholesterol contents in platelets of healthy volunteers.

PMID- 6592960
TI  - Influence of age, body-weight, smoking habits and alcohol consumption on the
      lipoprotein profile: preliminary results from a study performed on 6543 male
      industrial workers aged 40-59 years.

PMID- 6592961
TI  - Organ specific metabolism of low density lipoprotein and high density
      lipoprotein.
AB  - Recent data indicate that the kidneys are the most important organ for the
      catabolism of HDL-apolipoproteins in the rat. This catabolic process is probably
      initiated by a specific HDL receptor in kidney membranes. However, it is unlikely
      that receptor-mediated endocytosis of intact HDL is involved in HDL
      apolipoprotein degradation by kidneys, since HDL-cholesteryl esters are not taken
      up by the kidneys in vivo. It is proposed that the kidneys catalyze the first
      rate-limiting step in the degradation of HDL by "stripping" and degradation of a
      part of the HDL-apolipoproteins. In vivo metabolism of HDL-cholesteryl esters and
      LDL occurs predominantly in the liver and not to any significant extent in the
      kidneys.

PMID- 6592962
TI  - Metabolism of rat serum high-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein A-IV.

PMID- 6592963
TI  - Importance of particle size and lipid composition in the transfer of plasma
      apolipoproteins to microemulsions.

PMID- 6592964
TI  - [The effect of premature extraction of the teeth in the zone of resistance on the
      eruption of succedaneous teeth].

PMID- 6592965
TI  - [The incidence of the fusion of the roots in permanent molars].

PMID- 6592966
TI  - [Variability in the morphology of the mandibular molars. 1. Extra-rooted molar
      teeth].

PMID- 6592968
TI  - [The influence of occupation on the status of the oral mucosa in glass factory
      workers].

PMID- 6592967
TI  - [A comparative study of the effects of NaF, Fluor-Protector and amine fluoride on
      the enamel of permanent teeth in children].

PMID- 6592969
TI  - [Identification of dental age in twins].

PMID- 6592970
TI  - [An analysis of the incidence of orthodontic anomalies and caries in the
      deciduous teeth of children from Zagreb].

PMID- 6592971
TI  - Self-hypnosis misinterpreted as CNS deterioration in an adolescent with leukemia
      and vincristine toxicity.

PMID- 6592972
TI  - Penicillamine-induced myositis. Observations and unique features in two patients
      and review of the literature.
AB  - Dermatomyositis developed during treatment with penicillamine in two patients
      with rheumatoid arthritis. Both were male without a history of penicillin
      allergy. Eosinophilia was present at the start of their illness, and HLA tissue
      typing showed the presence of HLA-DR2 in one patient. One patient was retreated
      with penicillamine and remained asymptomatic after three years of therapy, and
      the other was able to take penicillamine in a reduced dosage.

PMID- 6592973
TI  - Contributions of mammalian embryo transfer to developmental genetics.
AB  - The process of transferring preimplantation embryos from the reproductive tract
      of one female to that of another, commonly referred to as embryo transfer (ET),
      has been used extensively for exploration of basic mechanisms of developmental
      genetics. ET has also permitted practical application of such basic knowledge to
      selective breeding of livestock and treatment of infertility. Contributions of
      mammalian embryo transfer are presented as they pertain to studies of heredity vs
      environment, gamete maturation, fertilization, differentiation, and genetic
      transformation. Future applications of embryo transfer to the study of
      developmental genetics are likely to include extensive use of microsurgical
      techniques on a wide variety of mammalian embryos.

PMID- 6592974
TI  - Etiology of infertility in monkeys with endometriosis: measurement of peritoneal
      fluid prostaglandins.
AB  - To study the relationship between peritoneal fluid prostaglandins and infertility
      associated with endometriosis, we autografted endometrial or adipose tissue to
      the pelvic peritoneum in 21 monkeys. Peritoneal washings were collected prior to
      tissue transplantation and during a subsequent laparotomy performed for biopsy of
      the implants. Monkeys were mated and peritoneal washings were collected during
      three subsequent cycles. The content of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) in
      adipose tissue autografts was significantly less (p less than 0.05) than in
      endometrial tissue autografts. The PGF2 alpha concentration in peritoneal fluid
      increased significantly (p less than 0.05) only in monkeys that developed
      moderate or severe endometriosis. Prostaglandin E levels in tissue autografts or
      peritoneal fluid were similar in all animals. Infertility in monkeys with
      endometriosis was associated with luteinized unruptured follicles, luteal phase
      defects, and pelvic adhesions. Although PGF2 alpha concentrations in peritoneal
      washings obtained during these cycles were increased in comparison with those of
      ovulatory cycles, the difference was not significant. A relationship between
      spontaneous abortion and prostaglandin concentrations in peritoneal fluid was not
      established.

PMID- 6592975
TI  - A comparison of Class II treatment changes noted with the light wire, edgewise,
      and Frankel appliances.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine if selected cephalometric changes
      noted in groups of growing patients with Class II, Division 1 malocclusions
      treated with the Frankel function regulator (FR-2), the edgewise technique, and
      the light-wire (Begg) mechanism were different and characteristic of a specific
      technique. To this end, the changes in the SNA, SNB, N-S-Gn, and the SN-GoGn
      angles, face height (N-M), the anterior movement of pogonion, and the annualized
      mandibular growth increment (AR-Gn) in a group of patients treated with the FR-2
      were compared to the changes noted in similar groups of patients treated by the
      edgewise technique and the light-wire mechanism. The methods used to compare the
      groups were an analysis of variance and a discriminant analysis. A reduction in
      the SNA angle was observed in all groups. It was -0.37 degrees with light wire
      treatment, -0.60 degrees with Frankel appliance use, and -1.47 degrees with
      edgewise therapy. The SNB angle increased in all three groups, ranging from 0.29
      degrees in the edgewise group to 0.56 degrees in the Frankel group. In the light
      wire group it was 0.34 degrees. The N-S-Gn angle in the Frankel group remained
      essentially the same (0.06 degrees), while in the light-wire and edgewise groups
      it increased 0.81 degrees and 0.82 degrees. The SN-GoGn angle opened slightly in
      all groups, ranging from a low of 0.46 degrees with Frankel therapy to 0.58
      degrees with edgewise treatment to 1.25 degrees with the use of the light-wire
      appliance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6592976
TI  - Components of adult Class III open-bite malocclusion.
AB  - In an effort to identify the frequency and differences in the dental and skeletal
      components of a large sample of adults with Class III malocclusion, with and
      without open bite, 176 subjects, one half of whom had an anterior open bite, were
      evaluated. These subjects were chosen by looking at the lateral cephalometric
      radiographs that were taken of 302 adults (128 men and 174 women) who exhibited
      at least an end-to-end Class III molar and canine relationship. The dental
      overbite was calculated for all subjects, and those with a negative overbite were
      placed in the open-bite (OB) group. Those with a positive overbite were placed in
      the non-open-bite (non-OB) group. The dental overbite was the only criterion used
      to define the open-bite and non-open-bite groups. The open-bite subjects were
      paired with a non-open-bite subject by sex, presence of presurgical orthodontic
      treatment, and anterior cranial base length. Eighty-eight subjects in each group
      (43 men and 45 women) were obtained. Various measures of craniofacial structure
      were calculated and analyzed by comparing the OB and non-OB groups with the
      paired t test. The areas that showed significant differences (p less than 0.05)
      between the OB and non-OB groups were as follows: the posterior maxilla exhibited
      vertical excess in the OB group; the maxillary occlusal plane was less steep in
      the OB group; the mandibular occlusal plane was more steep in the OB group; the
      gonial angle was higher in the OB group; the mandibular plane angle was higher in
      the OB group; the mandibular ramus was positioned in a more downward and backward
      location in the OB group; the total anterior facial height and lower facial
      height were increased in the OB group; the vertical height of the anterior
      maxilla was increased in the OB group; and the mandible was less protrusive in
      the OB group. No significant intergroup differences were noted in the cranial
      base, the anteroposterior position of the maxilla or the upper and lower
      incisors, the palatal plane, posterior facial height, mandibular ramus height, or
      mandibular body height. The results of this analysis indicate that the average
      Class III open-bite malocclusion is characterized by aberrations in both the
      maxilla and the mandible. Surgical therapy may, therefore, require intervention
      in both jaws to correct this deformity successfully.

PMID- 6592977
TI  - Effects of orthognathic surgery on speech: a prospective study.
AB  - This investigation was undertaken to determine the effects of orthognathic
      surgery on speech. Forty adult females were studied preoperatively and either 6
      or 12 months postoperatively. Three experienced speech and language pathologists
      performed narrow phonetic transcriptions of tape-recorded words and sentences
      produced by each of the forty patients. These judges also recorded their ratings
      of each patient's overall hypernasality, hyponasality, and articulation
      proficiency. In addition, objective assessments of velopharyngeal port area,
      nasal-oral acoustic coupling, and nasal resistance were obtained. The results
      suggest that nasal-oral acoustic coupling and nasal resistance are the only
      parameters significantly affected by orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6592978
TI  - Tooth morphology and lower incisor alignment many years after orthodontic
      therapy.
AB  - The dental models of seventy-seven orthodontically treated patients were
      evaluated to determine the contribution of lower incisor tooth dimensions to
      their alignment many years after treatment. Tooth dimensions included the maximum
      mesiodistal (MD) and faciolingual (FL) dimensions and the shape ratio represented
      by MD/FL. Incisor alignment was assessed by means of Little's irregularity index,
      and all measurements were recorded to the nearest 0.1 mm with modified dial
      calipers. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the total contribution of
      all these lower incisor dimensions accounted for only 7.4% of the variability in
      their alignment, which was not statistically significant. A similar lack of
      association between lower incisor tooth dimensions and their alignment was found
      in a sample of eighty-six adults with untreated malocclusions. It therefore
      appears that the size and shape of the lower incisors do not significantly
      contribute to their alignment many years after orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 6592980
TI  - Retained ligature wire and periodontal health. Report of a case.
AB  - Routine radiographic evaluation 15 years after orthodontic treatment revealed a
      circumferentially placed ligature wire situated at the crest of bone on the upper
      right lateral incisor. The wire was surgically exposed via a modified Widman flap
      technique and subsequently removed without adverse consequences relative to
      esthetics or periodontal support. It is of interest that the retention and
      location of this wire over such a long period of time resulted in no loss of
      periodontal support, especially since circumferential ligature placement is used
      experimentally to help promote periodontal breakdown.

PMID- 6592979
TI  - A quantitative technique for assessing nasal airway impairment.
AB  - The controversy concerning the effects of impaired nasal respiration on
      dentofacial development stems largely from the lack of a reliable method to
      assess airway impairment. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a
      quantitative technique to estimate nasal airway dimensions so that normal and
      impaired nasorespiratory function could be defined. The method involves a
      modification of the theoretical hydraulic principle and utilizes the following
      equation to estimate cross-sectional area of the nose (NA): NA = V/K [2(delta
      P)/d] 1/2 (where d = density of air). Pressure drop (delta P) across the nose is
      measured simultaneously with airflow (V) through the nose during breathing, using
      appropriate transducers and a PDP 11/34 computer. An analog model of the upper
      airway was used to determine the discharge coefficient (k) and estimate
      measurement error. Model studies demonstrate a measurement error of less than 5%
      for nasal cross-sectional areas of 0.02 to 1.2 cm2. Studies involving eighteen
      adult subjects and twenty-six children 8 to 11 years of age revealed mean
      smallest cross-sectional nasal areas of 0.62 cm2 +/- 0.17 and 0.43 cm2 +/- 0.076,
      respectively. The results indicate that the technique should enable clinicians to
      (1) estimate size of the airway during breathing, (2) distinguish between normal
      and impaired nasal respiratory function, and (3) determine quantitatively the
      effects of surgical and/or orthodontic treatment for improving nasal respiration.

PMID- 6592981
TI  - Associations between anterior temporal, masseter, and orbicularis oris muscle
      activity and craniofacial morphology in children.
AB  - In a sample of children with Class I (n = 18), Class II, Division 1 (n = 25) and
      Class II, Division 2 (n = 12) malocclusions, the relationship between jaw muscle
      activity and specific craniofacial variables has been quantified. Muscle data
      were obtained from the temporal, masseter, and orbicularis oris muscles at rest,
      in maximum intercuspation, and during clenching, jaw opening, and swallowing.
      Contrasts in means of the three skeletal groups identified differences in both
      the craniofacial and muscle variables. Orbicularis oris muscle amplitude was
      greater at rest and in maximum intercuspation in Class II, Division 2 subjects.
      Anterior temporal amplitude during clenching was significantly lower in Class II,
      Division 1 subjects. A principal component analysis reduced the data base, and
      three canonical correlations were identified at the 0.05 level of significance.
      Significant canonical correlations could not be found between the cephalometric
      data and clench, swallow, or jaw-opening tasks, which suggests no dependency
      between these factors. Two canonical correlations were found for the rest
      position data. A linear combination of masseter and orbicularis oris activity and
      incisor separation was correlated (r1 = 0.758) with a linear combination of
      mandibular unit length, upper and lower central incisor angulation, and SNOP. The
      second rest canonical correlation (r2 = 0.733) involved the anterior temporal
      muscle and a series of sixteen cephalometric variables. For the maximum
      intercuspation data, orbicularis oris amplitude was correlated with a linear
      combination of upper incisor angulation and SNOP variables (r1 = 0.727). The
      multivariate statistical analysis extracted a clinically significant association
      between orbicularis oris muscle activity and incisor position.

PMID- 6592982
TI  - Canonical correlations between masticatory muscle orientation and dentoskeletal
      morphology in children.
AB  - In order to identify associations between the orientation of the superficial
      masseter and temporalis muscles and dentoskeletal morphology in a sample of fifty
      five children with various malocclusions, eight muscle-orientation variables
      (relative to the occlusal plane) and twenty-three dentoskeletal variables were
      evaluated from lateral head films. The thirty-one measurements were reduced to
      six muscle-orientation and sixteen dentoskeletal variables by a principal
      component analysis. Three canonical correlations were identified between the
      muscle orientation and dentoskeletal variable groups at the 0.05 level of
      significance and canonical loadings were determined for each set of variables.
      The first canonical correlation (r1 = 0.931) represents a growth-related
      correlation factor between the masticatory muscle insertion positions relative to
      the occlusal plane and the dimensional and positional changes of craniofacial
      structures during growth. The second canonical correlation (r2 = 0.846) may
      account for an operational artifact in the geometric measurement process, and the
      third canonical correlation (r3 = 0.813) suggests an association between
      superficial masseter muscle orientation relative to the occlusal plane and
      mandibular form. This report confirms the usefulness of multivariate statistical
      methods to extract latent associations between muscle orientation and
      craniofacial morphology; the results obtained suggest a contribution from the
      geometric orientation of the masticatory muscles to the development and
      maintenance of the dentoskeletal system.

PMID- 6592983
TI  - Values and behavior.

PMID- 6592984
TI  - Affective disorder in the families of women with normal weight bulimia.
AB  - The authors determined the lifetime prevalence of affective disorder in the first
      and second-degree relatives, excluding children, of 27 bulimic women who had
      never had anorexia nervosa and 27 women with no history of an eating disorder.
      Family diagnoses were made blind to the proband's diagnosis. The prevalence of
      affective disorder was 9% in the relatives of the bulimic probands and 10% in the
      relatives of the control probands, a nonsignificant difference. These findings
      are in contrast to reports of an increased prevalence of affective disorder in
      the relatives of patients with anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 6592985
TI  - Hypothalamic factors and bulimia.

PMID- 6592986
TI  - Chemically coupled spectrophotometric assays based on flow injection analysis:
      determination of nitrogenase by assays for creatine, ammonia, hydrazine,
      phosphate, and dithionite.
AB  - Micromethods of direct chemical coupling have been developed for several
      different enzyme reactions, using the principles of flow injection analysis.
      Samples of 1-25 microliters are injected into a flowing stream of color-forming
      reagents and the peak of color change is measured after about 1 min.
      Alternatively, continuous slow infusion of a reacting system (5-100
      microliters/min) gives a continuous change of color which can be monitored to
      derive enzyme reaction rates. These techniques are highly sensitive, requiring a
      few nanomoles of the substance being detected. Phosphate, ammonia, dithionite,
      creatine, and hydrazine have been measured. Consumption of reagents is less than
      75 ml per hour; typical sample throughout is 30-40 samples per hour by the
      injection method, and 5 samples per hour by continuous infusion. The procedure
      has been applied to nitrogenase, continuously monitoring creatine produced from
      creatine phosphate by creatine kinase which is used to supply a constant level of
      ATP for nitrogenase. In this way nitrogenase activity can be determined over a
      wide range of enzyme concentrations. Production of inorganic phosphate directly
      from ATP, by injection of formaldehyde-quenched samples, was used when coupling
      to creatine kinase was not possible. Both injection of aliquots and continuous
      infusion were used for detection of hydrazine during nitrogenase reduction of
      azide, and the injection method has been used for ammonia assay during dinitrogen
      reduction. Dithionite oxidation was measured directly from decolorization of
      iodine, after trapping both dithionite and bisulfite with formaldehyde.

PMID- 6592987
TI  - Light sedation versus deep sedation techniques.

PMID- 6592988
TI  - Comparison of the effectiveness of etidocaine and lidocaine as local anesthetic
      agents during oral surgery.
AB  - In a double-blind study conducted in 112 patients undergoing removal of four
      impacted third molar teeth, etidocaine hydrochloride 1.5% solution with
      epinephrine 1:200,000 and lidocaine hydrochloride 2.0% solution with epinephrine
      1:100,000 were used, one on each side of the face, to produce inferior alveolar
      nerve block, infiltration anesthesia of the maxillary tooth and hemostasis of the
      mucoperiosteum around each tooth.Surgically adequate anesthesia was rapidly
      produced by both agents but the duration of action of etidocaine was longer than
      that of lidocaine as reflected in more prolonged numbness of the lip and delayed
      onset of pain. Moreover, after etidocaine treatment fewer patients reported
      severe pain as the local anesthesia receded. No adverse local or systemic effects
      were observed in, or reported by, any of the patients.

PMID- 6592989
TI  - Malignant hyperthermia during oral surgery.

PMID- 6592990
TI  - Acute dystonic reactions to neuroleptic drugs.

PMID- 6592991
TI  - Oh, NO!

PMID- 6592992
TI  - Zygomaticomaxillary suture adaptations incident to anteriorly-directed forces in
      rhesus monkeys.
AB  - Histologic and radiographic studies of controlled force application to the
      maxillae of monkeys show varying rotational effects on the maxilla, dependent on
      the direction of force application.

PMID- 6592993
TI  - Myocentric. A clinical appraisal.
AB  - A clinical assessment of neuromuscular occlusal positioning with the Myo-monitor
      in 63 orthodontic patients.

PMID- 6592994
TI  - Root length of lateral incisors adjacent to palatally-displaced maxillary
      cuspids.
AB  - An evaluation of 70 palatally-displaced cuspids and 106 controls finds
      significantly shorter lateral incisor adjacent to the palatal cuspids.

PMID- 6592995
TI  - Clinical radiography in the orthodontic practice.
AB  - One practitioner's approach to minimizing patient exposure in diagnostic x-ray
      procedures in an individual orthodontic practice.

PMID- 6592997
TI  - Modulation of the bronchomotor effects of chemical mediators by prostaglandin F2
      alpha in asthmatic subjects.
AB  - Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) is generated by human lung tissue in response
      to a number of stimuli and is widely viewed as a bronchoconstrictor mediator. We
      have shown that aerosolized PGF2 alpha in concentrations between 1 and 100
      micrograms/ml caused dose-related bronchoconstriction, but that continued
      stimulation at higher concentrations resulted in a partial return of pulmonary
      function toward control, suggesting that airways were refractory to further
      stimulation. To explore the mechanism and specificity of airway refractoriness
      induced by PGF2 alpha, we examined bronchomotor responses evoked by repeated PGF2
      alpha stimulation, repeated histamine stimulation, and PGF2 alpha stimulation
      followed by histamine. Studies were carried out on 3 separate days in 7 subjects
      with allergic asthma. For each subject the aerosol concentration of each agonist
      remained constant throughout the study. Responses were measured as the percent
      change in FEV1 versus time, and comparisons were made between the first and
      second agonist challenge of each study day. We found that prior stimulation with
      PGF2 alpha resulted in diminished airway responsiveness, not only to PGF2 alpha
      but to histamine as well. In contrast, similar refractoriness could not be
      induced by repeated histamine stimulation, indicating that the PGF2 alpha-induced
      decrease in responsiveness was not a nonspecific effect of bronchoconstriction
      per se. Further, the finding that PGF2 alpha caused a decrease in the response to
      histamine suggests that diminished airway responsiveness was not due to down
      regulation of specific PGF2 alpha receptors. Our findings suggest that in
      addition to its bronchoconstrictor properties, PGF2 alpha may play a role in the
      modulation of acute airway responses.

PMID- 6592998
TI  - [Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemias in children].
AB  - Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), besides distinctive cytological
      characteristics has a high incidence of haemorrhagic complications due to
      disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Nine patients with APL, between a
      day and 12 years old, were studied. Diagnosis was based on cytomorphological
      classification FAB. Eight presented with haemorrhages and DIC were found. Five
      received Daunorubicin and 4 DATOP. Patients with DIC also were given substitution
      therapy with platelets and heparin. RESULTS: two died during the first two weeks,
      of intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) and sepsis respectively. Three in initial
      remission relapsed after 3 to 21 months and two died of ICH; the third one
      attained a new remission but presented a new relapse and finally died 61 months
      after onset. The other 4 patients are at present in their first remission of 1 to
      12 months. IN CONCLUSION: APL must receive, besides specific chemotherapy, early
      DIC therapy; with present polychemotherapy a high remission rate and prolonged
      disease-free survivals can be obtained.

PMID- 6592996
TI  - Computer simulation of metabolism in palmitate-perfused rat heart. I. Palmitate
      oxidation.
AB  - A computer model of the fatty acid oxidation pathway in perfused rat heart was
      constructed. It includes uptake, activation, and beta-oxidation of fatty acids,
      triglyceride synthesis and hydrolysis, and carnitine-dependent transport of acyl
      groups across the mitochondrial membrane under pseudosteady state conditions.
      Fatty acid utilization may be limited by beta-oxidation in hypoxia or ischemia
      but probably not in aerobic conditions. Nonesterified fatty acids bound to
      proteins are found to be metabolically available. The model predicts that
      stearate, but not palmitate, can support the highest observed respiration rate
      for perfused rat heart without supplementation by other substrates. Fatty acids
      are preferentially oxidized rather than being stored as triglycerides because the
      cystosolic acyl CoA level is lower than the Km for triglyceride synthesis. It is
      suggested that feedback inhibition of triglyceride lipase regulates utilization
      of triglycerides as fuel in aerobic hearts.

PMID- 6592999
TI  - Activities of cefoxitin and cefotetan against Mycobacterium fortuitum infections
      in mice.
AB  - Mice inoculated intravenously with Mycobacterium fortuitum 18367 were treated
      subcutaneously with cefoxitin or cefotetan once daily for 4 weeks, beginning 24 h
      after challenge. Both drugs suppressed spinning disease, and both reduced the
      severity of renal lesions and the number of organisms in the kidneys and liver
      but not in the lungs or spleen. These therapeutic effects were dose-dependent.

PMID- 6593000
TI  - In vitro activity of HR 810, a new cephalosporin.
AB  - The in vitro susceptibility of 409 clinical isolates to HR 810, a new
      cephalosporin, was evaluated and compared with their susceptibility to aztreonam,
      cefazolin, ceftazidime, imipenem, moxalactam, piperacillin, and gentamicin. On a
      weight basis, the activity of HR 810 against gram-negative bacilli was equivalent
      or superior to that of the other beta-lactam agents except imipenem.

PMID- 6593001
TI  - Inactivation of rat ovarian 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase by N
      alkylmaleimides.
AB  - A series of N-alkylmaleimides, varying in chain length from N-ethylmaleimide and
      N-butyl to N-octyl, inclusive, was shown to effectively inactivate rat ovarian 20
      alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase at pH 7.7, 25 degrees C. The apparent second
      order rate constants for inactivation were observed to increase with increasing
      chain length of the N-alkylmaleimide used. Positive chain length effects were
      also indicated by the Kd values for N-alkylmaleimides calculated from double
      reciprocal plots resulting from the saturation kinetics observed in the
      inactivation reactions. The maximum rate constant for inactivation at enzyme
      saturation was 0.3 min-1 for each maleimide studied. NADP-and coenzyme
      competitive inhibitors such as 3-aminopyridine adenine dinucleotide phosphate and
      various adenosine derivatives protected the enzyme against maleimide
      inactivation, whereas no protection was observed with the steroid substrate, 20
      alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one. The pH profile for maleimide inactivation
      indicated the involvement of an enzyme functional group with a pKa near 8.0.
      Sulfhydryl modification was also indicated by fluorescein mercuric acetate
      inactivation and titration experiments. Inactivation of the enzyme by a lysine
      modifying reagent exhibited a pH profile differing from that observed in the
      maleimide inactivation process. It is proposed that N-alkylmaleimides inactivate
      the enzyme through covalent modification of sulfhydryl groups located in a
      nonpolar region of the enzyme.

PMID- 6593002
TI  - The phosphorylation site for casein kinase II on 20,000-Da light chain of gizzard
      myosin.
AB  - The 20-kDa light chain isolated from gizzard myosin has recently been reported to
      be phosphorylated by casein kinase II at a site distinct from that phosphorylated
      by Ca2+- and calmodulin-dependent myosin light-chain kinase. In the present
      study, the site phosphorylated by casein kinase II has been analyzed through
      procedures including tryptic digestion of the radioactively phosphorylated light
      chain and CNBr cleavage of the purified tryptic phosphopeptide, followed by amino
      acid analysis of these phosphopeptides. Comparison of the amino acid compositions
      of these peptides with the previously reported sequence has indicated that the
      phosphorylation site is threonine-134 of the light chain. The significance of the
      phosphorylation of the light chain by casein kinase II, as well as the substrate
      specificity of the protein kinase, is discussed on the basis of the result.

PMID- 6593003
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a specific receptor for biologically active
      phorbol and ingenol esters.
AB  - A high-affinity, specific receptor for biologically active phorbol and ingenol
      esters has been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from murine brains using
      ammonium sulfate fractionation, and DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex G-200, Affi-Gel
      Blue, and phenyl-Sepharose chromatographies. The receptor is a single-chain
      hydrophobic protein with a molecular weight (Mr) of 81,500, as estimated by
      sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The receptor has a
      sedimentation coefficient of 5.2 S and Stokes radius of 30.3 A. It has an
      isoelectric point (pI) of 5.5. The receptor is heat and acid labile. The receptor
      absolutely depends upon phosphatidylserine or phosphatidylinositol (optimum
      concentration approximately 4-8 micrograms/ml) for its activity. A variety of
      divalent cations stimulates the binding activity of the receptor. A molecule of
      receptor binds 1-2 molecules of phorbol-12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu) with a Kd value
      of 4.2 nM. Those phorbol and ingenol esters which stimulate cell growth in
      culture and have tumor-promoting activity in vivo inhibit the binding of labeled
      PDBu to its homogeneous receptor, while the biologically inactive derivatives
      fail to do so. The homogeneous receptor protein contains a protein kinase
      activity.

PMID- 6593004
TI  - [A comparative study of 4'-epi-doxorubicin and doxorubicin cardiotoxicities].
AB  - The cardiotoxicities of 4'-epidoxorubicin (4-epiDX) and doxorubicin (DX) were
      compared in rabbits. Thirty-one male NZW rabbits weighing 2.4 to 2.6 kg were used
      for each compound and 15 were kept as controls. DX or 4'-epiDX was administered
      intravenously with a dose of 0.8 mg/kg for 3 consecutive days a week for 5-10
      weeks. Rabbits were sacrificed at 5, 8 and 10 weeks after initial administration.
      Under nembutal anesthesia, electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram and carotidgram
      were recorded. Light and electron microscopic studies of the heart were performed
      according to conventional methods. Myocardial alterations were semi
      quantitatively evaluated with light microscopy, using a modified grading system
      derived from Bertazzoli. Twelve of the DX-treated rabbits and 4 of the 4'-epiDX
      treated rabbits died after 5 weeks or later. In the electrocardiogram study, ST-T
      changes were less frequently observed in rabbits treated with 4'-epiDX than those
      with DX. Significant increases of PEP/LVET were observed in rabbits treated with
      DX for 8 and 10 weeks, similar increases were only observed while in rabbits
      treated with 4'-epiDX for 10 weeks. Histologically, both drugs produced
      myocardial degeneration and necrosis. The lesions were characterized by multiple
      vacuolization of myocardial cells, atrophy of myocardial cells, interstitial
      edema and fibrosis. Myocardial alterations induced by 4'-epiDX were qualitatively
      similar to those induced by DX, but were much less severe at the same cumulative
      dose. These results demonstrate that 4'-epiDX is less cardiotoxic than DX.

PMID- 6593005
TI  - [Flow cytometric study of enhanced effect of anti-cancer drugs induced by
      nicardipine hydrochloride].
AB  - Flow cytometric analysis was used to study the effect of a calcium influx
      blocker, nicardipine hydrochloride, on the cytotoxicity of anti-cancer drugs in
      tumor cells. The parameters used for this study were DNA- and protein-cell
      distribution histograms. Cells and drugs used for this study were C6 cells from
      CD Fisher rat glioma and VCR, ADM and ACNU, respectively. The growth inhibitory
      effect estimated by concentration at ID50 on C6 cells was indicated as follows;
      VCR showed an 89-fold enhancement, while ACNU showed little enhancement following
      addition of nicardipine hydrochloride. DNA and protein histograms obtained by
      flow cytometry revealed almost the same effects as cells which were studied using
      high concentration of VCR without nicardipine hydrochloride. For the other drugs,
      ADM showed a small enhancement on histograms, while with ACNU, little enhancement
      was noted as well as the inhibitory effect of each drug described above. The
      results indicate that nicardipine hydrochloride greatly affects the cell
      cytotoxicity of VCR but not so much with ADM and ACNU. From these results, it
      appears that this drug enhances the action of anti-cancer drugs not only by
      merely blocking the efflux of drugs from cells but also by other mechanisms which
      remain to be clarified.

PMID- 6593006
TI  - Perspective on isotretinoin.

PMID- 6593007
TI  - Granulocytic sarcoma. A new finding in the setting of preleukemia.
AB  - Preleukemia is a well-defined syndrome of hematopoietic dysfunction that may
      antedate the development of acute myelogenous leukemia. Granulocytic sarcoma
      refers to neoplastic infiltration in the skin, composed of immature cells of the
      granulocyte series. We report two cases of granulocytic sarcoma in the setting of
      preleukemia. The clinical importance of these cases, as well as the cutaneous
      manifestations of leukemia and the clinical spectrum of granulocytic sarcoma, are
      presented.

PMID- 6593009
TI  - Effects of pyridine and some of its derivatives on prostaglandin synthesis.
AB  - Effects of pyridine and some of its derivatives namely, nicotinic acid, nicotinyl
      alcohol, pyridinol carbamate, pyridoxine hydrochloride and pyridostigmine bromide
      were investigated on the release of a prostaglandin E2-like substance (PGE2-LS)
      from the isolated perfused rat heart. Furthermore, the effect of neostigmine
      bromide was also studied as a non-pyridine control compound. At 2 X 10(-5) M
      concentration, only pyridoxine hydrochloride stimulated the release of PGE2-LS
      significantly. At 2 X 10(-4) M concentration, pyridine, nicotinic acid and
      pyridinol carbamate were also found to be active in addition to pyridoxine
      hydrochloride. At 1 X 10(-3) M concentration, pyridine and all of its derivatives
      studied increased the release of PGE2-LS significantly. However, neostigmine
      bromide (1 X 10(-3) M) failed to exert any effect. Indomethacin, a prostaglandin
      synthetase inhibitor, reduced both the basal release (28%) and the release
      stimulated by pyridine and its derivatives at 1 X 10(-3) M concentration (more
      than 50%). These findings suggest that the active substance released is a
      prostaglandin. It is concluded that the PGE2-LS releasing effect of pyridine and
      its derivatives from isolated rat heart may be due to the action of the pyridine
      moiety of the molecules of the compounds studied.

PMID- 6593008
TI  - Human Langerhans cells in epidermal cell culture, in vitro skin explants and skin
      grafts onto "nude" mice.
AB  - In order to find a model system which best preserves human Langerhans cells (LC)
      outside of the human body, three possibilities were examined: epidermal cell
      culture, skin explants, and skin grafts onto "nude" mice. Using OKT-6 and anti
      HLA-DR monoclonal antibodies, we quantified LC in epidermal sheets or epidermal
      cell cultures. All observations were carried out over a period of 4 weeks. We
      found that under epidermal cell culture conditions, LC rapidly disappeared, to
      the extent that after 10 days only rare HLA-DR-positive cells could be observed.
      In contrast, in the presence of intact dermis (explants and grafts), 60%-80% of
      the original number of LC, morphologically unchanged, dendritic and OKT-6 and HLA
      DR-positive, were seen. These findings suggest that human LC are either a long
      lived cell population or else can proliferate locally. The systems studied may be
      a useful tool for future investigation of LC function.

PMID- 6593010
TI  - [Metastatic tumors of the mandible (presentation of a case and review of the
      literature].

PMID- 6593011
TI  - [Intracellular and extracellular ultrastructural findings in clinically intact
      human dental pulp in young subjects. I].

PMID- 6593012
TI  - [Frey's syndrome as a postoperative complication in the correction of condylar
      and mandibular angle fractures and following bilateral segmental osteotomy of the
      mandibular angle].

PMID- 6593013
TI  - [2 cases of transverse facial cleft].

PMID- 6593014
TI  - [Intracellular and extracellular ultrastructural findings in clinically intact
      human dental pulp in young subjects. II].

PMID- 6593015
TI  - [Indications and corrective criteria for secondary surgical treatment of post
      traumatic dysgnathia].

PMID- 6593016
TI  - [Dental amalgam].

PMID- 6593017
TI  - [Biomechanics of asymmetrical extra-oral traction].

PMID- 6593018
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome].

PMID- 6593019
TI  - [Brief notes on tooth movement with removable orthodontic appliances and on the
      secondary histological changes in the supporting tissue].

PMID- 6593020
TI  - [Epulis].

PMID- 6593021
TI  - [A new approach to the orthodontic treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusion
      with a removable appliance (the J. A. Cervera C-Modeler)].

PMID- 6593022
TI  - Adult-onset acid maltase deficiency. Electrophysiological properties of aneurally
      cultured muscle.
AB  - Electrophysiological studies were performed on aneurally cultured muscle cells
      from one patient with adult-onset acid maltase deficiency (AAMD) and from
      controls. The cells from the patient with AAMD had a higher mean resting membrane
      potential, a lower input resistance, and a higher incidence of action potentials
      at resting membrane potential than the control cells. Therefore, sarcolemma
      maturation was not adversely affected. The AAMD cells had membrane thresholds and
      action potential amplitudes similar to those of the control cells, and rarely
      produced repetitive action potentials. Therefore, the membrane instability noted
      in adult muscle fibers from the patient with AAMD was not present in cultured
      cells. This study does not support the suggestion that the biochemical and
      morphological abnormalities present in muscle fibers of patients with AAMD are
      sufficient to cause the electrical abnormalities.

PMID- 6593023
TI  - Melanoma-in-situ: what's in a name?

PMID- 6593024
TI  - The biliary pseudo-trinity.
AB  - Attention is drawn to the biliary pseudo-trinity, a too little recognized hazard
      of biliary surgery which explains many of the more serious examples of duct
      damage in the course of cholecystectomy. The subject is discussed in relation to
      four illustrative cases.

PMID- 6593025
TI  - Oestrogen receptors in cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas.
AB  - The first case of cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas in which oestrogen receptors
      have been detected is reported in a 41 year old woman. The biological and
      therapeutic implications of this finding are briefly discussed.

PMID- 6593027
TI  - Atypical meningiomas: clinical pathological correlation.
AB  - Four cases of atypical meningiomas with aggressive histological features have
      been reviewed. Atypical histological features may indicate higher probability and
      more rapidity of recurrence. The pertinent literature has been reviewed.

PMID- 6593026
TI  - Progesterone and oestrogen receptors in meningiomas: biochemical and
      clinicopathological considerations.
AB  - Specific progesterone and oestrogen receptor proteins were evaluated by a dextran
      coated charcoal assay and Scatchard plot analysis in 20 intracranial meningiomas.
      Eleven tumours (55%) were progesterone receptor (PR) positive (mean 108 fmol/mg
      cytosol protein), whilst all were oestrogen receptor (ER) negative (ER less than
      10 fmol/mg cytosol protein). There were no trends to suggest a relationship
      between epidemiological data (patient age, sex and reproductive status in
      females) or meningioma location and size and the receptor status of the tumour.
      However, of the seven meningiomas that were histologically atypical, invasive or
      clinically recurred within 18 months, six were PR negative (PR less than 10
      fmol/mg cytosol protein). These results confirm that a large proportion of
      intracranial meningiomas contain significant amounts of specific PR protein and
      suggest that PR negative meningiomas are biologically more aggressive than PR
      positive meningiomas. They are also consistent with the hypotheses that PR
      proteins are not modulated by oestrogens acting through oestrogen receptors and
      that there are cytokinetic differences between sex hormone receptor proteins in
      meningioma and breast carcinoma. The full biochemical, cytological and clinical
      implication of these preliminary findings will, however, require further
      evaluation because of the unpredictable long-term behaviour of intracranial
      meningiomas.

PMID- 6593028
TI  - Intussusception in childhood: a review of 139 cases.
AB  - A retrospective survey of 128 patients, representing 139 instances of proven
      intussusception is reviewed. An initial hydrostatic enema reduction attempt was
      performed in 75% of cases, with 50% of these being successful. A high recurrence
      rate of 18.4% followed the hydrostatically reduced cases, compared with 2.7% for
      the surgically treated. Hydrostatic reduction was particularly unsuccessful in
      infants less than six months of age, when the duration of symptoms exceeded 12
      hours and when the presentation is painless. Earlier surgery is recommended for
      these children.

PMID- 6593029
TI  - Percutaneous transluminal embolization of vertebral artery injury.
AB  - A patient with vertebral artery injury from penetrating neck trauma was treated
      by percutaneous transluminal embolization.

PMID- 6593030
TI  - Urological anomalies in the caudal regression syndrome.
AB  - Two cases of unusual urological anomalies seen in association with the caudal
      regression syndrome are reported. One patient had bilateral single ectopic
      ureters with unilateral renal agenesis and the other a megalo-ureter secondary to
      a ureteric valve.

PMID- 6593031
TI  - A method of using the tympanomastoid fissure to find the facial nerve at
      parotidectomy.
AB  - The methods of finding the facial nerve at parotidectomy are reviewed. The
      surgical anatomy of the tympanomastoid fissure and relevant segment of the facial
      nerve is described in detail. The authors' technique for finding the nerve using
      the tympanomastoid fissure as a guide is described.

PMID- 6593032
TI  - Resectoscopic transanal resection of extensive rectal adenomas.
AB  - Treatment of many rectal adenomas has hitherto been technically difficult because
      of poor access and extensive lesion size. Four cases are presented where a large
      rectal adenoma has been successfully resected using a Standard 28Fr urological
      resectoscope. This is the first known report of this means of treatment. The
      speed and ease of the technique and the usually pain-free and rapid recovery of
      the patients has been encouraging.

PMID- 6593033
TI  - How well does a test predict the diagnosis?

PMID- 6593034
TI  - Volvulus of the splenic flexure of the colon in a child.
AB  - A case of acute intestinal obstruction due to volvulus of the splenic flexure of
      the colon in an 11 year old girl is reported. This is believed to be the first
      reported case in the paediatric age group. Simple derotation and fixation of the
      splenic flexure in the normal position was carried out with a successful outcome.

PMID- 6593035
TI  - Intracranial meningeal chondrosarcoma--probable mesenchymal type.
AB  - A 12 year old girl with episodes of left hemiparesis for 9 months was found to
      have a large, partly calcified brain tumour which at craniotomy presented on the
      parasagittal and medial surfaces of the right frontal lobe. No dural or falx
      attachment could be found and naked eye removal of the tumour was achieved. At a
      second craniotomy 10 weeks later there was recurrent tumour attached to the falx
      and involving the sagittal sinus. She died 5 months later. Pathologically, almost
      all this malignant intracranial neoplasm comprised differentiated cartilaginous
      tumour. Although only a very small amount of undifferentiated mesenchymal tissue
      was found in the surgical material available for histological study, it is
      suggested the tumour can be regarded as a predominantly mature mesenchymal
      chondrosarcoma of the meninges.

PMID- 6593036
TI  - Coincidental diagnosis of clinically undetectable primary breast carcinoma with a
      gallium-67 study performed for assessment of spread of malignant melanoma.

PMID- 6593037
TI  - Class III malocclusions treated with the Begg technique.

PMID- 6593038
TI  - Third molar eruption patterns and mandibular dental arch crowding.

PMID- 6593039
TI  - The microvascular venous pool and its ultrastructural associations in mouse molar
      periodontal ligament. Periodontal microvasculature & nerves.

PMID- 6593040
TI  - A removable quadhelix appliance for upper or lower arches.

PMID- 6593041
TI  - Endorphins and psychiatry.

PMID- 6593042
TI  - The recognition of psychiatric illness by non-psychiatrists.
AB  - Psychiatric illness occurs commonly during the course of medical and surgical
      illnesses, and commonly presents to non-psychiatric physicians inextricably mixed
      with physical symptoms. Non-psychiatrists vary widely between themselves in their
      ability to detect such disorders, so that such disorders are often missed.
      Reasons for failure to detect such disorders include the diagnostic practices
      taught in medical schools, the inadequacy of psychiatric taxonomy of neurosis,
      and the fact that most doctors have not been taught how to interview their
      patients.

PMID- 6593043
TI  - A social and psychiatric survey of unemployment among young people.
AB  - Unemployment raised the odds of having a psychiatric disorder by a factor of six
      in this sample of 401 young single people. The effect of unemployment was borne
      by men and women equally, since the difference between the sexes was preserved in
      the proportion who had a psychiatric disorder. Those particularly at risk for
      psychiatric disorder were men who were dismissed, who could not borrow money
      readily, and who had large debts. Women at high risk were those who resigned, and
      who could not borrow money readily.

PMID- 6593044
TI  - The Squibb academic address. Human rights: the case for the mentally ill.

PMID- 6593045
TI  - Freedom of information: can we afford to be anything but clinical?
AB  - Following the introduction of the Freedom of Information Code and Act in Victoria
      there have been numerous requests seeking the opportunity for patients and ex
      patients to view their own records. This paper explores the clinical context
      within which patients traditionally have had, or not had, access to their own
      records, and the ways in which this is now altered by freedom of information
      legislation. The view is put forward that such disclosure in the past has always
      been within a clinical context whereas now there is potential for legislative
      intrusion into the psychiatrist/patient relationship of which the patient record
      is a part. A number of case examples is provided to exemplify the issues involved
      and the approach that the Victorian Health Commission has taken to resolve some
      of the difficulties.

PMID- 6593046
TI  - Families of agoraphobic women.
AB  - Marital systems of agoraphobic women may reinforce or support the phobic
      condition and in some cases entire families are affected. Four case histories are
      presented in which agoraphobia and related disturbances and alcoholism are traced
      through three generations. Other studies are reviewed relating agoraphobia to
      alcoholism, examining the characteristics of parents and siblings and the marital
      adjustments of agoraphobic patients. A relationship with sex role stereotyping is
      suggested, particularly as relevant to the differing adjustments of males and
      females in these families. It is concluded that conflicts relating to
      separation/individuation and autonomy versus dependency and fear are crucial in
      these families and they are defended against by mechanisms of phobic avoidance,
      counterphobia and alcoholism.

PMID- 6593047
TI  - Multidisciplinary or nondisciplinary: evaluation of staff functioning in a
      community mental health centre.
AB  - This paper describes the staffing aspects of an experimental community mental
      health centre (Melville Clinic). The different components of staff roles of
      members of a team consisting of different health professionals, crystallised
      during the three-year period with a shift from a 'nondisciplinary' to a
      'multidisciplinary' approach, with preservation of 'generalised' and
      'specialised', 'clinical' and 'community' roles of all staff members. The
      decision-making in the centre oscillated between group decisions by all staff
      members, and the acceptance of the leading role of the psychiatrist with the
      active multidisciplinary teamwork in community mental health centres.

PMID- 6593048
TI  - Emic accounts of a mystery illness: the Groote Eylandt syndrome.
AB  - The Aboriginal people of Groote Eylandt, in the Northern Territory of Australia,
      are suffering from an unusual disease complex having neurological, psychiatric
      and teratological features, which admits no ready explanation. The island people
      at various times blame it on the spirits, or accuse enemies, or take some
      responsibility upon themselves. In this paper, 'emic' accounts of the illness
      (those current among the members of the society) are described in order to
      compare them with 'etic' accounts of those who study the society from the
      outside. Since emic views regulate people's behaviours toward illness, it is
      suggested these views should complement and inform etic views of researchers and
      therapists. This principle might apply to all mysterious or poorly understood
      illness.

PMID- 6593049
TI  - History of incest in a parasuicide population in Singapore.

PMID- 6593050
TI  - The use of alprazolam.

PMID- 6593051
TI  - Testing for memory disorder.

PMID- 6593052
TI  - The statutory definition of a mentally ill person in N.S.W. 1958-1983.
AB  - For 11 years the N.S.W. mental health legislation was under review. The new
      legislation was finally enacted in 1983. Several different committees worked on
      the development of the legislation over the 11-year period. Two government
      departments, the Department of Health and the Attorney-General's Department, were
      involved in the preparation of the legislation. As a result, many parts of the
      Act represent an uneasy compromise between the medical-humanitarian and legal
      points of view. The process of development of the definition of a mentally ill
      person, which is traced in this article, exemplifies this. Features of the new
      definition are critically reviewed and potential problems discussed.

PMID- 6593053
TI  - Psychopathology and development: I. Childhood antecedents of adult psychiatric
      disorder.
AB  - The childhood antecedents of psychiatric disorder in adult life are reviewed with
      regard to four groups of conditions that show sharply contrasting patterns of
      linkage between childhood and adult life. For emotional disorders the links are
      weak and the mechanisms largely unknown. About half of schizophrenic psychoses
      are preceded by non-psychotic abnormalities of behaviour in childhood; the
      processes involved are probably largely constitutional. Affective disorders only
      infrequently begin in childhood and the behavioural precursors of adult
      depression do not constitute a clearly recognisable pattern. However, adverse
      experiences in childhood may create a vulnerability to later depression. The
      child-adult linkages are strongest with conduct disturbance in childhood and
      adult personality disorder; the mechanisms in this continuity are probably both
      constitutional and environmental.

PMID- 6593054
TI  - The 'ordinary' dreams of the Yolngu in Arnhem Land.
AB  - The phenomena of dreams have been accorded significance by all branches of
      mankind of which there is record. Australian Aborigines in their traditional
      cultures are no exception, although unfortunately the printed record of their
      dreams is meagre. This paper reports nine dreams which were volunteered by Arnhem
      Landers of the present day. The subjects they dreamed about represent a melange
      of traditional and introduced concerns competing for attention, including lifting
      a taboo, portents and auguries, a shark attack, a brake failure in a truck, a
      mysterious light in a cave, a visit from the dead, a disappointing love tryst, a
      drink problem and the Christian revival movement. The ordinary dreams of
      Aborigines resemble those of modern Western subjects in aspects such as
      frequency, duration, clarity of recall, shifts in attention and derailment of the
      narrative, but they differ from them in being accorded more significance and in
      being more reflected upon during waking hours. In this respect, Aborigines infer
      a closer connection between the dream and the waking life.

PMID- 6593055
TI  - A Jungian commentary on the 'ordinary' dreams of the Yolngu.
AB  - A psychiatrist trained in Jungian analytical psychology looks at the dreams of
      nine Australian Aborigines from Arnhem Land. Religious imagery and the theme of
      intercultural conflict predominate. The relationship between religious imagery
      and the concept of Self in Jungian psychology and Self psychology is discussed.

PMID- 6593056
TI  - Children who light fires: a comparison between firesetters and non-firesetters
      referred to a child psychiatric outpatient service.
AB  - This study compares firesetting children with an age- and sex-matched group of
      non-firesetting children referred to a child psychiatric outpatient service.
      Firesetting was associated with male sex, separated parents and with previous
      contact with welfare agencies. It was not associated with socioeconomic status.
      Firesetters were distinguished from the contrast group by higher levels of
      conduct disordered behaviour, particularly in children above the age of 11 years.
      Both groups had similar high levels of emotional disorder at all ages. These
      clinical features emphasise that firesetters have a mixed clinical picture with
      widespread psychopathology.

PMID- 6593057
TI  - A factor analytic study of the 60-item general health questionnaire in Australian
      community and general practice settings.
AB  - A factor analytic study of responses to a 60-item General Health Questionnaire of
      people in general practice and in the community in Perth, Western Australia, was
      performed. Five identified factors, accounting for 46% of the variance, were very
      similar to factors identified in an English general practice study but differed
      from two published Australian studies. The statistic of a relative GHQ profile
      was generated to compare these factors in various sets of data. There was no
      significant difference between the relative GHQ profile in the community and
      general practice data or between demographic factors such as sex, social class
      and country of birth. The major positive finding was of an excess of overtly
      psychological factors in 'cases' compared with an excess of more physical factors
      in 'non-cases'.

PMID- 6593058
TI  - Relaxation training for chronic pain patients using EMG feedback: an analysis of
      process and outcome effects.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to clarify the role of EMG-based relaxation
      training for a diverse group of chronic pain patients by examining in detail both
      process and outcome changes. Eighteen pain clinic patients were each given 10
      sessions of relaxation training using frontalis feedback. The results of the
      study do not support the use of relaxation training as a standard procedure for
      chronic pain patients. Psychophysiological assessment carried out before and
      after training indicated some reduction in EMG levels, with less change in GSR
      and HR activity. No significant alteration occurred in mean pain and medication
      measures after training, although there was a trend for sedative/hypnotic usage
      to be smaller. Most important, individual differences in outcome were not
      consistently related to process variables monitored during training. This lack of
      association supports the view that physiological change is not necessary for
      clinical benefit after relaxation training.

PMID- 6593059
TI  - Methodological standards in studies evaluating the dexamethasone suppression
      test.
AB  - The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) has been used for several years to
      assist in the diagnosis of melancholia. However, recent studies have cast doubt
      upon the diagnostic efficacy of the test. Twenty of the original studies that
      assessed this application of the DST were reviewed using six methodological
      criteria considered essential for the evaluation of a diagnostic test. None of
      the papers complied with all the criteria and only seven of the papers satisfied
      more than three criteria. These findings suggest that methodological problems
      might account for discrepancies between the original claims made for the test and
      the current status of the test.

PMID- 6593060
TI  - Cortisol suppression index in major depressive illness.
AB  - This study compares the utility of a cortisol suppression index with the standard
      dexamethasone suppression test as a diagnostic aid for major depressive disorder.
      In 50 patients the cortisol suppression index was found to have similar
      sensitivity while also having greater specificity and diagnostic confidence than
      the dexamethasone suppression test. By avoiding the need for a late-evening blood
      sample, the cortisol suppression index may be an acceptable alternative to the
      current procedure.

PMID- 6593061
TI  - The dexamethasone suppression test in the puerperium.
AB  - A consecutive series of 45 women admitted to an obstetric unit were given the
      dexamethasone suppression test (DST) on days three to five post-partum, 82% being
      abnormal. The likelihood of an abnormal DST on one or both occasions increased
      linearly across the days of testing. Subjects completed the Beck self-report
      depression measure and the General Health Questionnaire at baseline and at six
      weeks. Baseline cortisol levels were not associated with baseline morbidity as
      assessed on the questionnaires and were not predictive of morbidity assessed at
      the six-week follow-up. It is concluded that the immediate post-partum period be
      included as a false-positive influence on the DST.

PMID- 6593062
TI  - Group discussions with young, chronic schizophrenic people.

PMID- 6593063
TI  - The sensitivity and specificity of the DST in child psychiatric disorders.

PMID- 6593064
TI  - Dangerousness.

PMID- 6593065
TI  - Hyperconnection.

PMID- 6593066
TI  - Oestradiol-17 alpha dehydrogenase from chicken liver.
AB  - The NADP+-linked oestradiol-17 alpha dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.148) present in cell
      free extracts of chicken liver was investigated with the aim of separating it
      from a closely related oestradiol-17 beta dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.62) found in
      the same subcellular fraction. However, its chromatographic behaviour on CM
      cellulose and DEAE-cellulose was almost identical with that previously reported
      for the latter enzyme, including resolution into two peaks on the anion
      exchanger. Both peaks contained oestradiol-17 alpha dehydrogenase and oestradiol
      17 beta dehydrogenase activity. Further attempts to separate the putative enzymes
      by dye-ligand chromatography with the use of the dyes Procion Yellow, Reactive
      Red and Cibachron Blue linked to Sepharose were unsuccessful, and they behaved
      identically on affinity columns of adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate-agarose and 17
      beta-oestradiol 3-hemisuccinate bound to Sepharose. A previous report of partial
      separation on Sephadex G-200 was not confirmed. Slab gel electrophoresis of
      enzyme preparations after affinity chromatography on adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate
      agarose revealed multiple bands in systems containing sodium dodecyl sulphate,
      whereas analysis by rod gel electrophoresis gave two major and one minor bands
      that stained coincidently for oestradiol-17 alpha dehydrogenase, oestradiol-17
      beta dehydrogenase, epitestosterone dehydrogenase and testosterone dehydrogenase
      activities. Isoelectric focusing gave four enzymically active peaks that each
      oxidized oestradiol-17 alpha and -17 beta. Apparent Km values for the two forms
      of oestradiol-17 alpha dehydrogenase obtained by DEAE-cellulose chromatography
      were 17 and 23 microM for oestradiol-17 alpha, and 8.7 and 11.0 microM for NADP+.
      Limited kinetic studies with oestradiol-17 alpha and -17 beta with the use of the
      mixed-substrate method showed that the total velocity was equal to the sum of the
      separate velocities. The active-site inhibitor-alkylating agent 17 beta-(1
      oxoprop-2-ynyl)androst-4-en-3-one did not cause time- or temperature-dependent
      inhibition, in contrast with the reported case of the oestradiol-17 beta
      dehydrogenase and 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities of the human
      placental oestradiol dehydrogenase. NADP+ appeared to afford some protection
      against inhibition. Investigation of substrate specificity with a limited range
      of steroids suggests that the enzyme(s) from chicken liver differs substantially
      from the oestradiol-17 beta dehydrogenase from human placenta, and although the
      evidence is not conclusive it suggests the existence of one enzyme.

PMID- 6593067
TI  - Effect of hemin on poly (A)-containing RNA synthesis and transport from nucleus
      into cytoplasm in Friend cells of the Fw line.
AB  - The effect of hemin on the transcription and post-transcriptional events
      (processing and transport of globin mRNA and other poly(A)-containing RNAs to the
      cytoplasm) was investigated in murine erythroleukemia Friend cells (MELC) of the
      Fw line. Uninduced Fw cells or Fw cells induced to differentiation by butyric
      acid were incubated in vitro without or with exogenous hemin. Short labelling
      periods (5-20 min) with (3H) uridine were used. The synthesis of globin mRNA and
      other poly(A)-containing RNAs at the level of their precursors in the nucleus and
      at the level of mature forms in the cytoplasm was measured. Our results indicate
      that hemin mainly affects the processing or transport of globin mRNA and other
      poly(A)-containing RNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The effect of
      exogenous hemin is quite different in uninduced and induced Fw cells. Exogenous
      hemin stimulates accumulation of poly(A)-containing RNA in nuclei of uninduced Fw
      cells. On the other hand exogenous hemin causes an increase in cytoplasmic globin
      mRNA and other cytoplasmic poly(A)-containing RNA in Fw cells induced by sodium
      butyrate.

PMID- 6593068
TI  - Short-term ammonium inhibition of nitrogen fixation in Azotobacter.
AB  - Addition of NH4Cl at low concentrations to Azotobacter chroococcum cells caused
      an immediate cessation of nitrogenase activity, which was recovered once the
      added NH+4 was exhausted from the medium. In the presence of inhibitors of
      ammonium assimilation, such as L-methionine-DL-sulfoximine, L-methionine sulfone
      or 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine, externally added NH+4 had no effect on nitrogenase
      activity and the newly-fixed nitrogen was excreted into the medium as NH+4. It is
      concluded that, in A. chroococcum, NH+4 must be assimilated to exert its short
      term inhibitory effect on nitrogen fixation.

PMID- 6593069
TI  - Phorbol esters inhibit agonist-induced [3H] inositol-1-phosphate accumulation in
      rat hippocampal slices.
AB  - In rat hippocampal slices, carbachol and norepinephrine induce an accumulation of
      [3H]-inositol-1-phosphate which is markedly amplified in the presence of lithium.
      The tumor-promoting agents phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) and 4 beta phorbol, 12
      beta-myristate, 13 alpha-acetate (PMA) have no effect on [3H] inositol-1
      phosphate accumulation alone, but when preincubated with hippocampal slices
      significantly inhibit the accumulation of [3H]-inositol-1-phosphate induced by
      carbachol and norepinephrine. The IC50 values for PDB and PMA are 0.2 microM and
      25 microM respectively. In contrast, the weak tumor promoting agents 4-O
      methylphorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate (MPMA) and phorbol 13,20-diacetate (P 13,20
      DA) only slightly attenuate the agonist-induced response at concentrations less
      than or equal to 100 microM, whereas 4 alpha-phorbol (4 alpha-PHR), a
      biologically inactive phorbol, has no effect. These data suggest that phorbol
      ester receptor-mediated events may be negatively coupled to agonist-induced
      phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis.

PMID- 6593070
TI  - Development of membrane-potential responsiveness by myeloid leukemia cells during
      neutrophilic differentiation.
AB  - The ability of a myeloid leukemia cell line (HL-60) to undergo membrane
      electrical potential changes was followed during neutrophilic differentiation
      induced by 2 compounds. Membrane-potential changes were induced with 12-O
      tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) or formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine
      (FMLP) and were monitored by flow cytometry. The magnitude of the membrane
      potential response to TPA increased in a more uniform manner as the population of
      cells matured than did acquisition of mature morphology or ability to undergo the
      respiratory burst in response to TPA. The response to TPA and FMLP of HL-60
      cells, maximally induced to differentiate by dimethylsulfoxide, closely resembled
      that of neutrophils. Thus, HL-60 cells may be a useful tool in the study of the
      relation between membrane depolarization and subsequent cellular activation.

PMID- 6593071
TI  - A novel biologically active seleno-organic compound--III. Effects of PZ 51
      (Ebselen) on glutathione peroxidase and secretory activities of mouse
      macrophages.
AB  - PZ 51 (2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-on), a selenium-containing compound
      with glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)-like activity, was administered to selenium
      deficient mice for 5 days. A significant increase in peritoneal macrophage GSH-Px
      activity after treatment was only observed when basal GSH-Px activity was almost
      zero (i.e. in 19 weeks selenium-deficient animals), possibly due to binding of PZ
      51 to the macrophages. This indicates that PZ 51 releases very little, if any,
      free selenium for incorporation into endogenous GSH-Px. The compound in vitro
      exerted a concentration-dependent inhibition of the generation of
      chemiluminescence by resident mouse peritoneal macrophages and a partial
      inhibition of the production of prostaglandin E2 by resident peritoneal
      macrophages. beta-Glucuronidase production by C. parvum-activated peritoneal
      macrophages was unaffected by PZ 51. These in vitro data can be explained on the
      basis of a selective peroxide scavenging and/or GSH-Px-like activity of PZ 51,
      offering a novel approach to anti-inflammatory therapy.

PMID- 6593073
TI  - Electrophysiologic testing in patients with sudden cardiac death.

PMID- 6593072
TI  - Psychological factors associated with primary fibromyalgia syndrome.
AB  - Forty-five ambulatory patients with primary fibromyalgia syndrome (PFS), 30 with
      rheumatoid arthritis, and 32 normal controls were administered 3 psychological
      tests: the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), the Life Events
      Inventory, and the Assertiveness-Aggressiveness Inventory. The PFS patients
      scored significantly higher on 8 MMPI scales when compared with the normal
      control group and on 4 MMPI scales when compared with the rheumatoid arthritis
      group. Further subgrouping of PFS patients according to MMPI scores showed that
      only 31% were "psychologically disturbed," 33% had a typical chronic pain
      profile, and 36% were within the normal range. The PFS patients scored higher
      than the rheumatoid arthritis and normal control groups on the Life Events
      Inventory but not the Assertiveness-Aggressiveness Inventory.

PMID- 6593074
TI  - Dissecting aneurysm of the aorta: an unusual complication of mitral valve
      prolapse.

PMID- 6593075
TI  - Fad reducing diets: separating fads from facts.

PMID- 6593076
TI  - Nutrition in cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 6593077
TI  - Electrocardiogram of the month.

PMID- 6593078
TI  - Self-aspirating syringe.

PMID- 6593079
TI  - Supplemental tooth artefact.

PMID- 6593081
TI  - The use of intra-oral appliances in the management of acquired velopharyngeal
      disorders.

PMID- 6593080
TI  - The effects of sugar-based medicines on the dental health of sick children.

PMID- 6593082
TI  - The relationship of mental disorder with dental treatment dissatisfaction.

PMID- 6593083
TI  - A comparison of the effects of two different prophylaxis regimes in vitro on some
      restorative dental materials. A preliminary SEM study.

PMID- 6593084
TI  - Stabilisation of traumatised anterior teeth using Mobil-Lock brackets.

PMID- 6593085
TI  - The effect of a 0.1% cetylpyridinium chloride mouthrinse on plaque and gingivitis
      in adult subjects.

PMID- 6593086
TI  - Restorative dental treatment in the General Dental Service in Scotland.

PMID- 6593087
TI  - Daily supervised toothbrushing in nursery schools.

PMID- 6593088
TI  - Adverse response to endodontic material containing paraformaldehyde.

PMID- 6593089
TI  - The antimicrobial activity of modern mouthwashes.

PMID- 6593090
TI  - Changing pattern of dental treatment in the CDS in Somerset, 1975-1983. Community
      dental service.

PMID- 6593091
TI  - Readership surveys. What can they tell editors and those responsible for dental
      periodicals.

PMID- 6593092
TI  - The pharmacokinetics of imipenem (thienamycin-formamidine) and the renal
      dehydropeptidase inhibitor cilastatin sodium in normal subjects and patients with
      renal failure.
AB  - The antibiotic imipenum (thienamycin-formamidine) is partially hydrolyzed during
      excretion by a renal brush border dehydropeptidase. The co-administration of
      imipenum with the renal dehydropeptidase inhibitor cilastatin results in an
      increase of the urinary recovery of the antibiotic, both in animals and humans.
      To study the pharmacokinetics of imipenem and cilastatin, subjects with normal
      renal function and patients with different degrees of renal insufficiency
      received intravenously 250 mg imipenum alone and 250 mg imipenem with 250 mg
      cilastatin. The mean plasma half-life of imipenem varied from 52 min in subjects
      with normal renal function to 173 min in subjects with end-stage renal failure
      studied while off-dialysis. The plasma half-life of imipenem was not affected by
      the co-administration of cilastatin. The mean plasma half-life of cilastatin
      varied from 54 min in normals to 798 min in patients with end-stage renal
      failure. The co-administration of cilastatin resulted in an increase of the
      urinary concentration and in the urinary recovery of imipenem, the effect being
      more pronounced in the subjects with normal or only mildly impaired renal
      function. The plasma clearance of imipenem was decreased when cilastatin was co
      administered, possibly due to inhibition of tubular secretion of imipenem.
      Elimination studies performed during haemodialysis indicated efficient removal of
      both imipenem and cilastatin during a 4 h session. In view of the important
      increase in half-life of cilastatin as a function of increasing renal failure, a
      dosage reduction is proposed in patients with severe renal failure. It is
      recommended that the maximum dose of imipenem/cilastatin would be limited to
      either 1000/1000 mg twice daily or 500/500 mg four times daily in patients with a
      creatinine clearance of less than 15 ml/min. Also, a supplementary dose of
      imipenem and cilastatin after dialysis is recommended.

PMID- 6593093
TI  - Prognostic significance of terminal transferase activity and glucocorticoid
      receptor levels in acute myeloid leukemia.
AB  - A retrospective study was undertaken to evaluate terminal transferase activity
      and glucocorticoid receptor content as predictors of prognosis in 52 adult
      patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Eighteen patients who had detectable
      levels of TdT in their leukaemic cells (greater than or equal to 0.1 unit
      microgram-1 DNA), had a higher complete remission rate than patients with low TdT
      activity. Patients below 60 years with increased TdT activity also had longer
      survival as compared to those with low TdT levels. By combining cytochemical
      analysis of peroxidase and immunocytochemical staining for TdT it was possible to
      show that the enzyme was located in leukaemic cells of myeloid origin. Leukemias
      of monocytic origin had no detectable TdT activity in 10/11 cases. The cellular
      content of the cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptor varied from 0 to 2.8 fmol
      micrograms-1 DNA. There was no difference in receptor content between the
      different FAB subgroups. High levels of the receptor (greater than or equal to
      0.22 fmol microgram-1 DNA) were positively correlated with the remission rate.
      Patients with TdT levels of greater than or equal to 0.1 unit microgram-1 DNA and
      a glucocorticoid receptor concentration of greater than or equal to 0.22 fmol
      microgram-1 DNA had significantly higher remission (P = 0.001) and survival rates
      (P = 0.007) compared with those with undectectable levels of both TdT and low
      receptor content. It is thus concluded that combined measurements of TdT and the
      glucocorticoid receptor are useful predictors of prognosis in AML.

PMID- 6593095
TI  - Some properties of the nucleotide-binding site of troponin T kinase-casein kinase
      type II from skeletal muscle.
AB  - Investigation of properties of skeletal muscle troponin T kinase (EC 2.7.1.37)
      has revealed that the enzyme belongs to the group of casein kinases of the second
      type. The enzyme consists of two subunits with apparent molecular weights of 44
      000 and 26 000 and contains a protein with molecular weight of 39 000, which is
      probably the proteolytic fragment of the 44 000 subunit. The substrate
      specificity of troponin T kinase was tested, using 20 analogs of the nucleotide.
      The enzyme has a low substrate specificity toward the purine base and uses both
      ATP and GTP as substrates. Modification of the ribose ring does not influence the
      enzyme interaction with the nucleotide; however, the cleavage of ribose leads to
      a decrease of the enzyme-nucleotide interaction. Elimination of the gamma
      terminal phosphate or its modification by bulky hydrophobic radicals do not
      affect this interaction. A comparison of the Ki values for different analogs
      suggests that the interaction of troponin T kinase with the nucleotide occurs via
      the binding of the purine base and the beta-phosphate group of the analog.

PMID- 6593094
TI  - Regulation of nucleosomal core histone variant levels in differentiating murine
      erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - During hexamethylenebis(acetamide)-induced terminal differentiation of murine
      erythroleukemia (MEL) cells in vitro, the histone variant proportions undergo
      changes similar to those observed in vivo in terminally differentiating cells of
      the young mouse. Thus, there is a rapid increase in the relative amounts of the
      variants H2A.1 and H2B.2 in parallel with the increase in the number of
      hemoglobin-producing cells and the sharp decrease in the growth rate. We show
      that the changes in variant proportions are not associated with slower growth per
      se but are most likely due to differential changes in the rates of variant
      synthesis as a result of commitment to terminal differentiation. In addition, we
      observed an inducer-specific increase in the rate of synthesis and the relative
      amount of the minor H2A variant 4, well before hemoglobin accumulation. We also
      present evidence that H2A and H2B histones are synthesized and incorporated into
      chromatin at a significant rate even when DNA synthesis is inhibited, suggesting
      turnover of these histones. H2A and H2B turnover can be detected directly even in
      exponentially growing cells. H2A.1 and H2B.2 have higher turnover rates than
      H2A.2 and H2B.1, respectively, in exponentially growing cells, a difference which
      is even more pronounced in induced cells. The magnitude of the differential
      turnover is not sufficient to account for the changes in the histone variant
      proportions in the short life of induced MEL cells but could explain the slow
      accumulation of H2A.2, H2B.1, and H3.3 in nondividing adult tissues of the mouse.

PMID- 6593096
TI  - Effects of the spermine analogue canavalmine on proliferation of murine
      erythroleukemia cells in culture.
AB  - The effects of canavalmine, a structural analogue of spermine, were studied in
      cultured murine erythroleukemia cells 745A. Canavalmine exerted an inhibition on
      murine erythroleukemia cell growth at concentrations over 50 microM. The cell
      proliferation was, however, restored when canavalmine was removed from the
      culture medium after 24 h. Treatment of the cells with 500 microM canavalmine
      blocked the accumulation of intracellular polyamines. Especially, both spermine
      and spermidine levels were reduced below 50% of those in control cells after 48 h
      and below 30% after 96 h. The decreased contents of spermine and spermidine were
      compensated for by the increased content of canavalmine incorporated within the
      cells. In these cells, RNA and protein contents also decreased. The degree of
      growth inhibition by canavalmine during the cell cycle was examined using
      synchronized cells. Serum-induced growth stimulation was inhibited by canavalmine
      most effectively in the cells at G1 phase prior to DNA synthesis. The
      antiproliferative effect decreased when canavalmine was added to the cells after
      commencement of DNA synthesis. The results suggest that the growth-inhibitory
      action of canavalmine on murine erythroleukemia cells is most likely due to an
      inhibition of early events of the cell cycle, possibly due to the interference of
      a structure-specific function of spermidine and/or spermine on DNA replication.

PMID- 6593098
TI  - Pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the newborn.
AB  - Leukemia in the newborn is an infrequent disease that has not been well defined
      using modern laboratory techniques. We describe two infants, one at birth and one
      at four weeks, with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The blasts from each patient
      were studied in great detail, using a battery of cytochemical and immunologic
      procedures in addition to ultrastructural studies. Immunologic cell marker
      studies, not previously reported in congenital leukemia, showed the lymphoblasts
      from each infant to be of the pre-B cell phenotype. Each infant relapsed, one
      after a 17-week clinical remission and the other after a 44-week remission. The
      former has died while the latter is in a second remission. The subtype of pre-B
      cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) which in childhood appears to confer an
      unfavorable prognosis, may have the same significance in neonatal ALL.

PMID- 6593097
TI  - Prostaglandin translocation from the lumen of the rabbit uterus in vitro in
      relation to day of pregnancy or pseudopregnancy.
AB  - Transport of 3H-labeled prostaglandins (PGs) E2 and F2 alpha from the uterine
      lumen across the uterine wall has been studied in rabbit uteri in vitro in
      incubations lasting up to 180 min, in relation to sexual state of the rabbit,
      incubation temperature, intraluminal PG concentration, addition of metabolic
      inhibitors and time of incubation. PG accumulation by the tissue increased
      rapidly up to 30 min and then remained relatively constant. By 30 min,
      radioactivity was found in the external incubation medium, and this increased
      linearly with time. The translocation of PGF2 alpha was significantly greater in
      pseudopregnant than in pregnant animals on Day 6, whereas that of PGE2 was
      significantly higher in pregnant than in pseudopregnant animals on Day 6.8. In
      pregnant animals, both PGF2 alpha and PGE2 were translocated to the exterior more
      rapidly on Day 6.8 than on Days 5 or 6. Transport of PGs was reduced by low
      temperature, unaffected by metabolic inhibitors and only that of PGE2 increased
      with increased (5 microM) intraluminal concentrations. During incubation, the
      tissue remained viable as judged by T/M ratios (dpm tissue/dpm medium) for 204
      thallium. Transport of [14C] sucrose was much slower than that of [14C] urea,
      which was greater than the fastest rates exhibited by the PGs. In general,
      amounts of radioactivity found in antimesometrial, mesometrial and lateral
      portions of the uterine wall, or in implantation and interimplantation areas did
      not differ, but more was found in the endometrium than the myometrium. PGF2 alpha
      was translocated unmetabolized to the external medium, while only two-thirds of
      the PGE2 was translocated unchanged, and one-third converted to PGF2 alpha. It is
      concluded that the rabbit uterus shows some selectivity in handling PGs in
      relation to stage of pregnancy.

PMID- 6593099
TI  - Nonhuman primates express human leukemia-associated antigens.
AB  - Serologic studies using four murine monoclonal antibodies specific for the common
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) and five monoclonal antibodies
      specific for the gp24 surface antigen indicate that these leukemia-associated
      antigens are present on cells of comparable tissues in man and in four nonhuman
      primates. As in man, adherent cell populations obtained from skin, lung, and bone
      marrow of Macaca fascicularis, M mulatta, M nemestrina, and Papio cynocephalus
      react with these antibodies. Similarly, granulocytes from both man and these
      nonhuman primates bind CALLA- and gp24-specific antibodies. Radioimmune
      precipitation experiments confirm the identity of these antigens. Our studies
      suggest that nonhuman primates can be used to screen serologic reagents to
      leukemia-associated antigens for potential toxic effects on normal tissues prior
      to their use in man. Similarly, nonhuman primates could be employed to assess the
      possible role of antigen-positive stromal cells in the reconstitution of bone
      marrow following transplantation.

PMID- 6593100
TI  - Lactoferrin biosynthesis during granulocytopoiesis.
AB  - We examined the synthesis of lactoferrin, an iron binding protein that, among
      hematopoietic cells, is restricted to secondary granules of polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes. Lactoferrin biosynthesis was absent from leukemic myeloblasts and
      promyelocytes but abundant in normal bone marrow and both the bone marrow and
      peripheral blood of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CGL) if the
      samples contained substantial numbers of myelocytes and metamyelocytes.
      Lactoferrin was present in the steady state in normal or CGL bands and
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes, but no lactoferrin biosynthesis was detectable in
      these samples. Taken together, these results suggest that lactoferrin
      accumulation begins with the onset of biosynthesis at the myelocyte stage and is
      largely complete by the beginning of the band stage of maturation. HL-60 cells, a
      permanent promyelocytic leukemia cell line, synthesized no lactoferrin.
      Translation of messenger RNA in Xenopus laevis oocytes revealed that mRNA from
      patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and abundant myelocytes and
      metamyelocytes directed the synthesis of readily detectable amounts of
      lactoferrin, whereas HL-60 cells contained no translatable lactoferrin mRNA. We
      thus hypothesize that lactoferrin is a useful marker of gene expression
      restricted to the terminal stages of granulocyte maturation. Biosynthesis of this
      protein appears to be mediated by appearance of translatable mRNA at the
      myelocyte stage, coincident with development of secondary granules. Absence of
      lactoferrin production by HL-60 cells is due to absence of translatable
      lactoferrin mRNA, either because of lineage infidelity of these transformed cells
      or because of arrest before the developmental stage at which secondary granules
      appear.

PMID- 6593101
TI  - Direct identification of a chemoattractant by a visual assay.
AB  - The purpose of this report was to describe an adaptation of the necrotactic assay
      for pharmacological studies. The target cell was substituted by microcapsules,
      neutral by themselves, which can be filled with well defined chemical substances.
      Some results obtained with the well known chemotactic substance formyl-methionyl
      leucyl-phenylalanine and various inflammatory mediators (histamine, 5
      hydroxytryptamine, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha) were exposed.

PMID- 6593102
TI  - Ultracytochemistry of glycogen particles in human erythroblasts. Semiquantitative
      observation.
AB  - We examined the fine structural distribution of glycogen particles in the cells
      of the erythrocyte series from thirty individuals with or without hematological
      disorders using the periodic acid-thiocarbo hydrazide-silver proteinate (PA-TCH
      SP) technique, which is known to extend PAS staining to the ultrastructural
      level. In diseases exhibiting dyserythropoiesis, such as refractory anemia with
      excess of blasts (RAEB) and juvenile chronic myelocytic leukemia (JCML), glycogen
      particles remarkably increased. In diseases showing hypererythropoiesis such as
      iron deficiency anemia, hemolytic anemia, or in cells obtained from very small
      premature infants, an increase in glycogen particles was observed in most cases.
      Compared to the PAS staining technique, which also utilizes the periodic acid
      reaction, the PA-TCH-SP technique appears to be more sensitive for visualizing
      glycogen particles in PAS negative cells, in addition to its capability of
      demonstrating the distribution of periodate reactive substance at the fine
      structural level.

PMID- 6593103
TI  - Translocations (4p+; 6q-) and (12q-; Xp+) in blastic phase of a Ph1-positive
      chronic myeloid leukemia.
AB  - This paper reports a 28-year-old woman with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)
      positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who developed two marrow cell lines
      during the blastic phase: one with the translocation (12;X) (q 11;p22) and the
      other with the translocation (4;6) (p 16;q 25). The literature on involvement of
      chromosomes 12 and X in translocations and the appearance of 6 q- aberration in
      CML is summarized. The relationship between the 6 q-aberration and the blast
      cells with lymphoid appearance in the plastic phase of CML is discussed.

PMID- 6593104
TI  - Cytochemical and electrophoretic characterisation of alpha naphthyl acetate
      esterases (ANAE) in acute myeloblastic leukaemia.
AB  - The alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) cytochemical staining patterns were
      examined in 40 cases of acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML: FAB groups M1 and M2)
      classified by morphological and immunological criteria. The blast cells in most
      cases (62%) were ANAE-negative with the remainder showing diffuse, granular or
      focal reactions of varying intensity. The nature of cytoplasmic ANAE enzymes was
      further characterised in 20 cases by isoelectrophoretic analysis of ANAE
      isoenzymes. The results suggest that the presence of significant cytoplasmic ANAE
      reactivity in leukaemic myeloblasts is not due to the presence of monocyte
      associated isoenzymes, in otherwise well-defined myeloblasts, but may reflect
      abnormally increased synthesis or atypical localisation of normally-occurring
      ANAE isoenzymes. In particular, the results of this study indicate the lack of
      discriminatory value of ANAE cytochemistry in the differentiation of AML from
      other acute leukaemias of non-monocytic type.

PMID- 6593105
TI  - En block surgery for osteogenic sarcoma: analysis and review of ninety operative
      cases.

PMID- 6593106
TI  - Statement and resolution on principles guiding allocations of block grants for
      health in New York State.

PMID- 6593107
TI  - Neuropeptide Y potentiates the effect of various vasoconstrictor agents on rabbit
      blood vessels.
AB  - The contractile effect of neuropeptide Y (NPY) was tested on isolated segments of
      basilar artery, central ear artery, gastro-epiploic artery and vein, and femoral
      artery and vein from the rabbit. At 30 nM NPY did not evoke vasoconstriction; at
      300 nM NPY evoked a weak and variable response. NPY greatly potentiated the
      response of the gastro-epiploic and femoral arteries to noradrenaline without
      affecting the maximum response. As tested on the gastro-epiploic artery NPY was
      effective at concentrations of 1 nM and higher. As tested on the femoral artery
      the potentiating effect of 30 nM NPY on noradrenaline-evoked contractions was
      apparent immediately and 30 min after the application of NPY, but not after one
      hour. NPY (30 nM) potentiated the contractile response to noradrenaline and
      histamine but not to 5-hydroxytryptamine or high K+. The response to histamine
      was augmented in both arteries and veins, whereas the response to noradrenaline
      was enhanced in arteries but not in veins. NPY failed to potentiate the
      prostaglandin F2 alpha-evoked contraction except in the gastro-epiploic vein.

PMID- 6593109
TI  - Anorexia nervosa: long-term outcome in 50 female patients.
AB  - Fifty consecutively referred female patients with anorexia nervosa were followed
      up to identify those completely healthy at a minimum of four years (mean eight
      years) since onset. As well as using Morgan's Outcome Measures, an independent
      psychiatrist elicited details of food/weight pre-occupation and psychiatric
      state. The outcome results, based on weight and menstruation, (36% 'good', 36%
      'intermediate', and 26% 'poor' including 2% dead, and 2% not assessed) did not
      differ significantly from those of the three similar published studies on similar
      patients; 62% of patients continued to have some food/weight pre-occupation. DSM
      III criteria for a psychiatric disorder other than eating disorder were fulfilled
      by 50%; dysthymic disorder was common (34%), occurring exclusively in patients
      with continuing eating disorder symptoms, while only 20% of the sample were free
      of any physical or mental abnormality. Of 52 prognostic factors studied, only
      four were significantly related to the outcome measures. Length of illness at
      presentation was the only prognostic factor common to all four similarly
      conducted studies.

PMID- 6593108
TI  - Kinin effects on chloride secretion do not require eicosanoid synthesis.
AB  - The actions of bradykinin on colonic epithelia from essential fatty acid
      deficient (EFAD) rats has been examined. Electrogenic chloride secretion as short
      circuit current (SCC) and release of immunoreactive prostaglandin E2 (iPGE2) and
      i 6-keto PGF1 alpha have been measured. Resting release of prostanoids was
      significantly less in EFAD than in control tissues. Bradykinin, in a maximally
      effective concentration, produced no increase in prostanoid release in EFAD
      tissues in contrast to controls, while the SCC response was 55% of that in
      controls. In EFAD tissues the SCC response to bradykinin was the same whether or
      not the cyclooxygenase inhibitor piroxicam was present. EFAD tissues were not
      more sensitive to prostaglandins than control tissues. We conclude that while
      prostaglandin release contributes to the totality of the response to bradykinin,
      the latter's effect on electrogenic chloride secretion does not require the
      obligatory production of arachidonic acid metabolites.

PMID- 6593110
TI  - Anorexia nervosa: a study of 34 twin pairs and one set of triplets.
AB  - In a collaborative study between St George's and the Maudsley Hospitals, 34 pairs
      of twins and one set of triplets were identified in which the proband had
      anorexia nervosa. The diagnosis was based on standard criteria and zygosity was
      established by blood group analysis or by use of the physical resemblance
      questionnaire. In the 30 female twin pairs, 9/16 of the monozygotic (MZ) and 1/14
      of the dizygotic (DZ) pairs were concordant for anorexia nervosa. Three of the
      non-anorexia co-twins had other psychiatric illnesses, and two had minor eating
      disorders. None of the male co-twins had anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 6593111
TI  - HLA antigens, autoantibodies and clinical subsets in scleroderma.
AB  - The HLA antigens were determined in 54 Caucasoid patients with scleroderma (ARA
      criteria). All were assessed for extent of skin and organ involvement,
      anticentromere (ACA), and scleroderma 70 (Scl 70) antibodies. The antigens DR1,
      DR3 and DR5 were raised in the patient group, and DR2 was lowered. Of these only
      the increase in DR5 was significant (chi 2 = 5.2; p = 0.02). The increased
      frequency of DR3 was attributable to a rise in the A1, B8, DR3 haplotype (chi 2 =
      3.9; p = 0.05). Patients with non-diffuse disease showed a significant increase
      in the DR1 and DR5 antigens (chi 2 = 3.7, p = 0.05; chi 2 = 8.0, p = 0.01). No
      association was found between the HLA antigens and specific organ involvement.
      Anticentromere antibodies were present in 15 of the HLA-DR typed patients.
      Thirteen of these 15 patients were either DR1 or DR5. No relationship was found
      between the frequencies of HLA antigens and anti-Scl 70 antibodies.

PMID- 6593112
TI  - Diagnostic efficacy of screening tests for hereditary hemochromatosis.
AB  - Hereditary hemochromatosis is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.
      Analyses of pedigrees suggest that the frequency of disease (proportion of
      homozygous individuals) in the general population is approximately 0.3% and that
      approximately 11% of the population are heterozygous. The genotype of 194 persons
      in 38 pedigrees was determined by HLA-A and HLA-B haplotyping. Likelihood
      analysis was then used to appraise the transferrin saturation test when used
      alone and in combination with the serum ferritin test to detect homozygosity and
      heterozygosity in these pedigrees. A single cut-off point of 55% for transferrin
      saturation and a cut-off point at the 90th percentile for the serum ferritin
      level were adequate for the detection of hemochromatosis if homozygosity was
      considered to be present when the results of one or both tests were positive. To
      further assess the value of the transferrin saturation test the percentages were
      stratified into five intervals. A percentage transferrin saturation of 75 or
      greater and a serum ferritin level above the 90th percentile ruled in
      homozygosity, whereas a percentage transferrin saturation of less than 55 and a
      serum ferritin level at or below the 90th percentile ruled it out with
      confidence. The probability of heterozygosity rose to 90% when the percentage
      transferrin saturation was between 35 and 55 and the serum ferritin level was at
      or below the 90th percentile. The use of five cut-off points allowed the
      probability of homozygosity and heterozygosity in a pedigree to be estimated for
      all values of transferrin saturation. Although these screening tests are not
      recommended for use in the general population, they may be worth while in
      selected groups of patients.

PMID- 6593113
TI  - Inducing labour with vaginally administered prostaglandin E2.
AB  - In 50 consecutive pregnant women at a 125-bed community hospital with 1000
      deliveries annually, labour was induced with prostaglandin E2 administered
      intravaginally. There were no stillbirths or neonatal deaths, and complications
      in the mothers were few. In nine women (18%) oxytocin was subsequently
      administered because of a failure of labour to progress; in spite of this,
      cesarean section was required in two (4%) of the patients. The overall cesarean
      section rate was 6%. Prostaglandins have been used routinely to induce labour in
      the United Kingdom for several years. This noninvasive method is safe, effective
      and well received by women in a community hospital setting, including those
      wanting "natural childbirth".

PMID- 6593114
TI  - Changing metastatic patterns of osteosarcoma.
AB  - The clinical courses of 111 patients with osteosarcoma treated at UCLA between
      1971 and 1982 were reviewed to ascertain the evolution of the natural history of
      this disease. Only patients with classic high-grade intraosseous osteosarcoma of
      the extremity, scapula, or pelvis were considered. Patients with low-grade
      parosteal osteosarcomas; primary osteosarcomas of the face, skull, vertebra, or
      ribs; and osteosarcomas arising in Paget's disease or previously irradiated bones
      were not included. Fifty-nine patients developed clinically evident distant
      metastases. Of these, 36 developed pulmonary metastases alone as the initial site
      of recurrence. Eighteen of 19 (94.7%) patients treated between 1971 and 1974 by
      amputation alone developed pulmonary relapse as the initial site of recurrence,
      whereas only 18 of 40 patients (45%) treated after 1974 with surgery and adjuvant
      chemotherapy developed pulmonary metastases alone as the initial site of
      recurrence. Although no patients in the early group developed an extrapulmonary
      metastasis as the initial site of recurrence, 11 of 40 patients (27.5%) treated
      with adjuvant chemotherapy developed an extrapulmonary metastasis as the initial
      site of recurrent disease, and 11 patients developed simultaneous pulmonary and
      extrapulmonary metastases. Although it is impossible to attribute this alteration
      in metastatic pattern to adjuvant chemotherapy alone, it is apparent that
      nonpulmonary metastases are becoming more common among patients currently treated
      for osteosarcoma.

PMID- 6593115
TI  - Phorbol ester binding to chemotactically responding and nonresponding Walker 256
      carcinosarcoma cells.
AB  - Phorbol esters induce, in the chemotactically responsive Walker 256
      carcinosarcoma cells, functional responses that are similar to those induced by
      peptide chemotactic factors. These responses are presumed to result from ligand
      binding to cellular receptors, although this has not been formally demonstrated.
      In this study, it was shown that tritium-labeled phorbol dibutyrate [( 3H]PDB)
      bound to the Walker cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Binding
      was inhibited by excess unlabeled PDB and was reversible. Half-maximal binding
      was achieved with a 31 nM concentration of [3H]PDB and occurred within 15 min
      after addition of the ligand. This is in accord with biological activity (i.e.,
      cell-to-substrate adherence). Half-maximal cell adherence was observed with 25 nM
      PDB. Increased adhesiveness was detected as early as 15 min after exposure of the
      cells to the ligand. The response peaked at 30 to 45 min after exposure and fell
      off rapidly thereafter. A number of phorbol esters successfully competed with
      [3H]PDB binding to the cells. There was a direct relationship between the ability
      of these agents to compete for binding and their ability to induce biological
      activity. Using cell-to-substrate adherence as an indicator of biological
      activity allowed separation of responding and nonresponding populations. The
      biologically responsive cells and the nonresponsive cells both bound high levels
      of [3H]PDB. This suggests that receptor occupancy is, by itself, not sufficient
      for biological activity and that, in Walker cells, one or more points of control
      exist subsequent to ligand binding.

PMID- 6593116
TI  - High calcium content of pleiotropic drug-resistant P388 and K562 leukemia and
      Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AB  - The calcium content of pleiotropic drug-resistant tumor cells was estimated and
      compared with that of the parent tumor lines. P388 leukemia cells resistant to
      vincristine and Adriamycin contained more calcium (1.5- to 1.8-fold) in the cells
      and on the cell surface than the parent P388 cells. Similar results were obtained
      with human K562 myelogenous leukemia cells resistant to vincristine and also with
      Chinese hamster ovary cells resistant to colchicine. However, the calcium content
      of P388 cells resistant to 5-fluorouracil was almost the same as that of the
      parent P388 cells. The calmodulin content of pleiotropic resistant tumor lines
      and a 5-fluorouracil-resistant tumor line was almost the same as that of the
      corresponding parent lines. The isolated plasma membrane of K562 cells resistant
      to vincristine contained approximately 1.5-fold higher calcium than the parent
      cells. These results indicate that the higher cellular calcium content might be a
      characteristic phenotype of pleiotropic resistant tumor lines.

PMID- 6593117
TI  - Differential phosphorylation events associated with phorbol ester effects on
      acceleration versus inhibition of cell growth.
AB  - Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) in some systems causes inhibition of
      growth; in others, PMA exerts a mitogenic effect. We have previously reported
      that the PMA-induced growth arrest and differentiation in leukemic cells are
      associated with a rapid increase in phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of two
      cytosolic proteins, phosphoprotein with molecular weights of 17,000 to 20,000 (pp
      17-20) and phosphoprotein with a molecular weight of 27,000 (pla approximately
      5.5). The phosphorylation of these proteins was found to be catalyzed directly by
      cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase. To elucidate
      whether these phosphorylation events are specific to certain cellular functions
      induced by PMA, we compared the effect of PMA on phosphorylation of proteins in
      several cell systems. We found that, in cells where PMA accelerates growth
      (NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblasts, JB-6 mouse epidermal cells, and human peripheral
      lymphocytes) as well as in human platelets, the phosphorylation of pp 17-20 was
      only slightly affected by PMA, while phosphorylation of other proteins at Mr
      approximately 80,000 (pl approximately 5) and Mr 20,000 (pl approximately 5.2)
      was markedly increased. We provide evidence to suggest that the Mr 20,000/pl 5.2
      protein might be myosin light chain (Mr 20,000). In contrast to these cell
      systems, in the human malignant cell A431 epidermoid carcinoma, the growth of
      which is inhibited by PMA, the pattern of protein phosphorylation by PMA
      exhibited striking similarity to that of leukemic cells; phosphorylation of pp 17
      20 was dramatically increased while the phosphorylation of the putative myosin
      light chain (Mr 20,000/pl 5.2) was not affected. The identity of pp 17-20 in A431
      and HL-60 leukemic cells was demonstrated by the unique stability of its
      phosphoester bond to alkali treatment. These results suggest that phosphorylation
      of different proteins and possibly activation of different protein kinases
      mediate the effects of PMA on inhibition versus acceleration of growth.
      Specifically, phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of pp 17-20 emerges as a signal
      which might be preferentially involved in PMA effect in certain neoplastic cells.

PMID- 6593118
TI  - Expression of oncogenes in human leukemias.
AB  - Oncogenes of retroviruses are directly related to cancers in animals; however,
      finding relevant associations with human cancer has been difficult. Studies
      reported here were designed to assess the extent of protooncogene transcription
      in human leukemias as compared to normal cells. Low-stringency hybridization of
      viral oncogene DNAs to cell messenger RNAs was done to determine whether
      evolutionarily divergent oncogene sequences were increased in leukemic cells.
      Several oncogenes hybridized at low levels to normal messenger RNAs. Some
      oncogene transcripts in fresh leukemic cells of 28 patients were present at
      higher levels than in normal cells. The oncogenes abl, erb, myc, and ras were
      expressed in all normals tested and a majority of the leukemic cells. However,
      fes, fps, and src probes hybridized rarely to transcripts in normal cells
      although more frequently to messenger RNA from leukemic cells. No oncogenes were
      expressed in specific patterns by cell types. It is concluded that transformation
      of human hematopoietic cells involves more than one oncogene and may include
      sequences unrelated to retroviruses.

PMID- 6593120
TI  - Strontium concentrations in plaque fluids and solids.

PMID- 6593119
TI  - Salivary glucose clearance after rinsing with solutions of different
      concentrations of glucose.

PMID- 6593121
TI  - Crystallinity patterns of fluoridated hydroxyapatites before and after incubation
      in acidic buffer solution.

PMID- 6593122
TI  - Effect of topically applied fluoride solutions on the surface free energy of
      pellicle-covered human enamel.

PMID- 6593123
TI  - Role of surfactants in a self-gelling liquid composition for use in the oral
      cavity.

PMID- 6593124
TI  - Stability of sodium monofluorophosphate: a technical note.

PMID- 6593125
TI  - Eating pattern of Osborne-Mendel rats on a sucrose diet and a sucrose/xylitol
      diet.

PMID- 6593126
TI  - Optical monitor of in vitro caries. A comparison with chemical and
      microradiographic determination of mineral loss in early lesions.

PMID- 6593128
TI  - An interview with John L. Bomba, incoming ADA President.

PMID- 6593127
TI  - Experimental secondary caries around restorations in roots.

PMID- 6593129
TI  - Crozat therapy for orthopedic gnathology.

PMID- 6593131
TI  - Carcinogenic potential of metals.

PMID- 6593130
TI  - The biocompatibility of metals in dentistry.

PMID- 6593132
TI  - Detection and diagnosis of bioincompatibility of mercury.

PMID- 6593133
TI  - Biocompatibility of nickel based dental alloys.

PMID- 6593135
TI  - Pathways of autonomic fibers in the inferior alveolar nerve of rabbits.

PMID- 6593134
TI  - Dental amalgam related mercury vapor exposure.

PMID- 6593136
TI  - Observations of plate-like crystals in human dental calculus.

PMID- 6593137
TI  - Treatment of myeloblastic sarcoma in the sacral canal with high-dose cytosine
      arabinoside.

PMID- 6593138
TI  - The 'new genetics' in blood and cardiovascular research: applications to
      prevention and treatment.
AB  - Genetic approaches have become an important component of both fundamental and
      disease-oriented research. Certain diseases of the blood--the hemoglobinopathies-
      have been elucidated by the spectacular methods of molecular genetics. Some of
      these advances have already been incorporated in disease management. Often,
      common conditions such as coronary heart disease and hypertension show familial
      aggregation. Genetic analysis of these diseases together with biochemical and
      molecular methods are likely to be useful for further understanding and ultimate
      prevention and control.

PMID- 6593139
TI  - Five methods for determining low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared.
AB  - We evaluated three precipitation methods for determination of low-density
      lipoprotein cholesterol in serum and an indirect method involving the Friedewald
      formula (Clin Chem 18: 499-502, 1972) by comparison with results by
      ultracentrifugation. The results of all methods for 83 sera, including 59
      hyperlipidemic type IIA, IIB, and IV sera agreed very well, at least for
      concentrations of serum triglycerides below 8 mmol/L. The accuracy of the
      Friedewald formula was confirmed in 285 other sera, including 66 sera with
      triglycerides content between 4.52 and 8.0 mmol/L. For type III sera, the
      precipitation methods produced similar values to those obtained with the
      Friedewald formula, all being much higher than the ultracentrifugation values.
      Density-gradient ultracentrifugation showed that the very-low-density lipoprotein
      remnants in type III sera almost completely coprecipitated with the low-density
      lipoproteins. The precipitation methods are not only accurate but also very
      precise (CV less than 5%); they can therefore be used in clinical laboratories to
      measure atherogenic low-density lipoproteins plus the remnants of very-low
      density lipoproteins. However, when serum triglycerides and high-density
      lipoprotein cholesterol also are determined, the Friedewald formula is a reliable
      alternative.

PMID- 6593140
TI  - Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental
      Pharmacologists. Meeting, 19-20 May 1983, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
      Abstracts.

PMID- 6593141
TI  - Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental
      Pharmacologists. 17th annual meeting, 12-14 December 1983, University of
      Newcastle, N.S.W. Abstracts.

PMID- 6593142
TI  - Structural cardiovascular abnormalities presenting as persistent pulmonary
      hypertension of the newborn.
AB  - Among the many causes of PPHN may be numbered several cardiovascular
      malformations. This article introduces the concept of PPHN due to congenital
      heart disease, illustrates each of the five categories of congenital heart
      disease that present as PPHN, and outlines noninvasive approaches for diagnosis
      of congenital heart disease in infants with PPHN.

PMID- 6593143
TI  - Seizure-like activity associated with imipenem.

PMID- 6593144
TI  - Histological classification of chronic granulocytic leukaemia.
AB  - On the basis of the trephine marrow histology at presentation, 52 Ph1 positive
      cases of chronic myeloid leukaemia were divided into two subgroups, classical
      chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) and chronic megakaryocytic granulocytic
      myelosis (CMGM). In 24 cases in which conventional therapy had preceded trephine
      biopsy, the distribution of cases between the two groups was found to have been
      significantly altered. Subsequent analysis was therefore confined to the
      remaining 28 untreated cases; of these 15 were classified as CGL and 13 as CMGM;
      no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in
      respect of patient's age, leucocyte counts, platelet counts, NAP scores or of
      occurrence of 'blast' crisis. The differential diagnosis between idiopathic
      myelofibrosis (IMF) and CMGM subgroup is discussed. It was concluded that
      classification of chronic myeloid leukaemia on the basis of marrow histology
      should be restricted to Ph1 positive cases in order to obviate the possible
      inclusion of cases of IMF within the CMGM subgroup.

PMID- 6593145
TI  - Unpredictable interactions between cefotetan and penicillins or aminoglycosides.
AB  - The bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of gentamicin, amikacin,
      piperacillin, azlocillin, ampicillin, benzyl penicillin, and oxacillin against 85
      selected isolates was measured alone and in the presence of subinhibitory
      concentrations of cefotetan. A potential for antagonistic interactions between
      cefotetan and acylamino penicillins (piperacillin greater than azlocillin greater
      than ampicillin) were observed with some strains; synergy was suggested with
      other isolates, however, Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of the two
      aminoglycosides was enhanced by cefotetan with most gram-negative bacilli, but
      bactericidal activity was significantly diminished with 4 of 65 strains.
      Piperacillin and cefotetan were clearly antagonistic with 11 of 44 strains and
      synergistic with 4 of 44 strains of gram-negative bacilli: the remaining 21
      strains gave off scale end points and could not be analyzed in that way.

PMID- 6593146
TI  - Caries clinical trial of fluoride rinses in a Danish Public Child Dental Service.
AB  - 365 2nd through 4th graders completed a 3-yr clinical trial on the caries
      preventive effect of rinsings every second week during the school year with 10 ml
      of an 0.2% neutral solution of sodium fluoride. All children received regular
      dental examinations and treatment in clinics established by the municipality in
      which the study took place. The trial was performed under double-blind
      conditions. The caries increment on teeth erupted at baseline was 1.75 DMFS in
      the fluoride group and 1.83 DMFS in the placebo group (P greater than 0.05; 95%
      confidence limits for percentage caries reduction: -20.7% and 29.5%). The caries
      increment on teeth erupting during the trial was 0.73 DMFS in the fluoride group
      and 0.99 DMFS in the placebo group (P greater than 0.05; 95% confidence limits
      for percentage caries reduction: 1.0% and 51.6%).

PMID- 6593147
TI  - Amine fluoride gel in a caries prophylaxis program for soldiers in Poland.
AB  - DMFS increments were determined in 1286 military cadets (19-20 yr old), at 6
      monthly intervals during an 18-month clinical study. The cadets were randomly
      divided into two groups. The test group (n = 787) brushed their teeth with an
      amine fluoride gel for 5 min once weekly in an unsupervised manner. The control
      group (n = 499) as well as the test group used a fluoride-free dentifrice twice
      daily. In both groups, motivation in oral hygiene was given before commencing the
      study. The cadets in the test group had a 41% lower DMFS increment compared to
      the cadets in the control group.

PMID- 6593148
TI  - Use of services, care-seeking behavior and satisfaction among university dental
      clinic patients in Finland.
AB  - This paper analyzes use of services, behavioral features and their
      intercorrelations among a random sample of 94 patients visiting University of
      Connecticut dental clinics. The data were collected in interviews and patient
      records. In care seeking the greatest percentage (34%) of respondents relied on
      the advice of friends, relatives or neighbors. This finding confirms the
      importance of the lay referring system. The influence of regular source of care
      was apparent when patients' frequency of visits in clinics exceeded considerably
      their visit frequency in the past. Even earlier irregular visitors made many
      visits during the past 12 months. The following dimensions of satisfaction were
      measured: difficulty in getting an appointment, general satisfaction with care,
      costs of care in general, convenience in treatment and satisfaction with oral
      health. The results show that opinions toward care and about dental health were
      dominantly positive ranging from 60 to 94% of all the answers. Costs were
      regarded as high by 54% of the subjects. There was a positive and significant
      correlation between degree of utilization and satisfaction with care. The
      correlation between satisfaction with oral health and number of teeth was non
      significant. There were several cumulative correlations, which suggests that one
      health related feature may predict a similar tendency in other health behaviors.

PMID- 6593149
TI  - Dental health status and attitudes to dental care in families participating in a
      Danish fluoride tablet program.
AB  - The caries experience and dental fluorosis of 84 Danish children, who had used
      fluoride tablets for 1-4 yr in the period 1976-80, were compared with those of a
      group matching in sex, age, place of living, and socioeconomic status. The
      average age of the children at the time of examination was 5.8 yr. A recording of
      mothers' attitudes to dental care, knowledge about tooth brushing, attitudes to
      candy, and number of teeth in the maxilla showed no difference between the
      fluoride tablet group and the non-users' group. Moreover, there was no
      significant difference between the two groups with respect to dental caries. The
      findings are discussed in relation to recent reports on the decline of dental
      caries resulting from widespread use of local administration of fluorides.

PMID- 6593150
TI  - 873 questions of Dutch dental patients: a challenge to dental health education.
AB  - 2000 persons from an a-select sample of the Dutch population were sent a
      questionnaire in which the most important question was: "Did you have any
      questions on matters related to dentistry during the past year?" The question was
      by nature an open question, and the respondents were entitled to several answers.
      640 questionnaires were sent back, of which 398 actually provided an answer to
      the request. Although the request was for questions only, there were also clear
      expressions of dissatisfaction. A coding system is described that was developed
      to classify the 873 answers, in which 751 were identified as questions and 122 as
      complaints. The problems are highly varied as to their contents. Most questions
      bear on the dentist's activities (35%). Most striking is that these questions can
      be answered by any dentist. The category on dental minded behavior accounts for
      22% of the questions, that on various aspects of the dentist-patient
      communication and on fear accounts for 17%, and the category on financial
      problems in dentistry accounts for 16%. Bearing in mind that the composition of
      the group of 640 respondents differs from that of the entire Dutch population,
      the results should be interpreted with due care. The discussion includes a plea
      for more DHE-activities on an individual basis. Finally, it is shown what the use
      can be of a coding system of questions and complaints of patients in dental
      health care.

PMID- 6593151
TI  - Psychometric measures of dental fear.
AB  - Four psychometric scales: Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS), a modified version
      of the Geer Fear Scale (GFS), the Health Locus of Control Scale (HLCS), and a
      Mood Adjective Check List (MACL), were studied with regard to their implications
      for dental fear. Swedish versions given to groups of fearful and non-fearful
      dental patients as well as non-patients showed satisfactory metric properties.
      Mean scores obtained were in most cases similar to those reported for original
      American versions, even though some indications of cultural differences were
      observed. The scales seem to reflect important aspects of dental fear, and they
      represent a valuable methodology in research on etiology and treatment of dental
      fear.

PMID- 6593152
TI  - Caries, diet, dental knowledge and socioeconomic variables in a population of 15
      year-old Israeli schoolchildren.
AB  - A population of 163 10th grade, 15-yr-old students of a Jerusalem high school
      were surveyed for caries prevalence, cariogenic dietary habits, dental knowledge
      and socioeconomic variables. A mean level of 7.75 DMFT was found, confirming
      results of previous studies which indicate a general increase of caries
      prevalence in Israel over the past two decades. None of the independent variables
      measured constituted significant predictors of caries prevalence. However,
      father's geographic origin, mother's educational level and social class according
      to father's occupation demonstrated significant associations with caries
      treatment levels as expressed by the FT and DT components of the DMFT index.

PMID- 6593153
TI  - Epidemiologic study of dental emergencies among utilizers in an insured
      population in Washington, USA.
AB  - This is a study of the epidemiology of dental emergencies based on information
      abstracted from the microfilmed dental claim forms of a large American insurance
      program in 1981-82. Overall, about 4% of all dental visits were classifiable as
      emergencies. There were significant seasonal and age variations in dental
      emergencies. There was no variation with respect to geographic regions in the
      State of Washington (USA) or sex. Paradoxically, residents in regions having
      fluoridated water supplies were at equal risk of developing dental emergencies
      due to dental caries, relative to those residing in non-fluoridated regions.
      There was also no difference in risk associated with insurance deductibles,
      although generally deductibles are thought to deter first-contact visits.

PMID- 6593154
TI  - Caries experience of 8-year-old Nigerian schoolchildren.
AB  - An epidemiologic study was carried out between April 1981 and March 1982 to
      determine the total caries experience of 8-yr-old Nigerian children in both the
      private and the government schools in Lagos. A total of 860 children were
      examined for the study. 451 were from free, non-fee paying government schools
      while 409 were from the fee-paying private schools. 50.1% were boys and 49.9%
      were girls. The mean dmf score for private schoolchildren is 1.5 and that of the
      government schoolchildren is 1.1. This difference is statistically significant (P
      less than 0.001). The mean dmf score for the whole sample is 1.3. The mean DMF
      for the private schoolchildren is 0.55 while that of the government
      schoolchildren is 0.24. This difference is statistically significant (P less than
      0.001). The mean DMF for all the children examined is 0.4. The mean dmf score for
      boys (1.3) is slightly higher than the mean dmf score for girls (1.2), while the
      mean DMF score for girls (0.5) is higher than that for boys (0.4). These sex
      differences are thought to be due to slight differences in the eruption times.
      There is no difference between the sexes in the proportion of children who are
      caries-free (52.9% boys and 52% girls). Some 46% of the private schoolchildren
      were caries-free compared with 58.3% of those in the government schools. This
      difference is statistically significant (P less than 0.001). This difference is
      thought to be due to the greater consumption of refined carbohydrates by the
      private schoolchildren, who come from the higher socioeconomic strata of the
      community.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6593155
TI  - Cross validation of model predicting (ir)regularity of dental attendance.
AB  - A theoretical model developed for the prediction of (ir)regular dental attendance
      was evaluated with loglinear models (logit approach). The model found is
      identical to the model developed previously. The prediction of (ir)regularity,
      however, proved to be unsatisfactory. The disappointing result is attributed to
      the difficulty of measuring the predictors adequately, and to the possibility
      that additional variables might be needed.

PMID- 6593156
TI  - Combined analysis of genetic segregation and linkage under an oligogenic model.
AB  - For traits with incomplete penetrance, simultaneous segregation analysis and
      linkage analysis may offer increased information. Since the numerical properties
      of the mixed model are a drawback in this more complicated analysis, a second
      locus is substituted for the polygenic component yielding a simpler and more
      tractable oligogenic model. While less realistic, the simpler model is not easily
      discriminated from the mixed model, particularly when used on affection data
      rather than quantitative traits. Calculations for combined linkage and
      segregation analysis are described for nuclear families with pointers to account
      for sampling scheme.

PMID- 6593157
TI  - Biologic activity in the tooth in health and disease.

PMID- 6593158
TI  - Furcation invasions: correlating a classification system with therapeutic
      considerations. Part IV. Restoration of sectioned teeth.

PMID- 6593159
TI  - The aging dental patient: a transition in patient population.

PMID- 6593160
TI  - Ultrastructural organization of double minute chromosomes and HSR regions in
      human colon carcinoma cells.
AB  - The ultrastructural organization of double minute chromosomes (DMs) and marker
      chromosomes displaying homogeneously staining regions (HSRs) have been
      investigated in two cell lines, COLO-320 DM and COLO-320 HSR, derived from a
      human colon carcinoma. Double minute chromosomes in the COLO-320 DM cell line
      vary in number from several to several hundred and in diameter from 0.5 to 2
      micron. These chromosomes lack kinetochore structures which appear as discrete
      electron dense plates on the centromeric chromosomes. The DMs are composed of
      regularly arranged nucleosome-containing fibers. These are folded to form 30 nm
      fibers which extend as loops from the central portion of the chromosome. In COLO
      320 HSR, a majority of cells contain a single submetacentric HSR marker
      chromosome with HSR regions in both chromosome arms. The HSR chromosome appears
      structurally analogous in EM preparations to the other centromeric chromosomes of
      the karyotype.

PMID- 6593161
TI  - A human lymphoblastoid cell line from the offspring of a brother-sister mating.
AB  - A human lymphoblastoid cell line was established from an individual who was the
      offspring of a brother-sister incestuous mating. Many genes in this cell line are
      homozygous, including those of the HLA system.

PMID- 6593162
TI  - Translocation t(1;19)(q21;q13) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6593163
TI  - Penetration of cefotetan into serum, myometrium, endometrium and salpinges.
AB  - 24 patients received an intravenous 5-min bolus injection of 2 g cefotetan at
      various times prior to abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy. Cefotetan
      concentrations in salpinges were significantly higher than in myometrium and
      endometrium. Tissue concentrations of 16 micrograms/g could be attained for at
      least 5 h. At this concentration, 90% of most aerobic and anaerobic bacteria
      causing genital tract infections are inhibited.

PMID- 6593164
TI  - [Ocalexic therapy. Principles--indications--contraindications].

PMID- 6593165
TI  - [Mandibular anesthesia in pedodontics. The Akinosi method].

PMID- 6593166
TI  - [Ocalexic strategy in pedodontics].

PMID- 6593167
TI  - [Intradiploetic anesthesia].

PMID- 6593168
TI  - [Periodontal considerations in the extraction of retained wisdom teeth. Varying
      technics].

PMID- 6593169
TI  - [Geriatric dentistry in Israel].

PMID- 6593170
TI  - [Dentifrice pastes with high fluoride contents].

PMID- 6593171
TI  - [Industrial and pharmaceutical novelties. Optimal disinfection for the hands].

PMID- 6593172
TI  - [Marine biology and progress in medical science].

PMID- 6593173
TI  - [The legacy of Master Fauchard, or A new essay on relational ergonomics].

PMID- 6593174
TI  - [The legacy of Master Fauchard, or A new essay on relational ergonomics].

PMID- 6593175
TI  - [On the subject of mesotherapy].

PMID- 6593176
TI  - [Etiology and pathogenicity of scorbutic disease in 17th and 18th century
      medicine].

PMID- 6593177
TI  - [The importance of the carbon atom in the structure of biological tissues and in
      particular bone tissue].

PMID- 6593178
TI  - [Osteosarcoma of soft tissues (presentation of 7 cases and review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 6593179
TI  - [Therapy and prognosis in osteosarcoma: changing thoughts and numbers].

PMID- 6593180
TI  - [Comparative study on roentgeno-pathology and intra-operative observation of
      temporomandibular joint syndrome].

PMID- 6593181
TI  - [Clinical value of cephalometric roentgenography of the soft tissues].

PMID- 6593182
TI  - [Stability of the facial distance].

PMID- 6593183
TI  - [Giant cell tumor of the jaw].

PMID- 6593184
TI  - [Effect of air fluorine content on dental fluorosis and caries incidences].

PMID- 6593185
TI  - [Further observation on prevention and treatment of dry socket].

PMID- 6593186
TI  - [Anatomical factors in dissemination of oral and maxillofacial infections].

PMID- 6593187
TI  - [Clinical application of compound retinoic acid in the treatment of oral lichen
      planus].

PMID- 6593188
TI  - [Oral pyogenic granuloma--report of 122 cases].

PMID- 6593189
TI  - [Clinical observation on determining centric relation with a myo-monitor].

PMID- 6593190
TI  - [Improvement of the tooth cavity shape for amalgam filling].

PMID- 6593191
TI  - [Pterygomaxillary raphe and pterygopalatine segment of the internal maxillary
      artery].

PMID- 6593192
TI  - [A study on the retruded contact position of the mandible].

PMID- 6593193
TI  - [Age estimation by teeth].

PMID- 6593194
TI  - [Variations in area proportion in the lateral cephalometric roentgenogram during
      prenatal growth].

PMID- 6593195
TI  - [Caries incidence among 3,000 primary school pupils in Li County, Aba District].

PMID- 6593197
TI  - [Clinical analysis of 14 cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia complicated with
      myeloblastoma].

PMID- 6593196
TI  - [Histopathologic analysis of oral lichen planus].

PMID- 6593198
TI  - [Mapping of the locus for the H blood-group system on the 15th chromosome of
      domestic swine].

PMID- 6593199
TI  - [Localization of the FeMo-cofactor in the active center of nitrogenase].

PMID- 6593201
TI  - [Annual meeting of the German Society for Periodontology. Muenster, 1983.
      Proceedings and abstracts].

PMID- 6593200
TI  - The problems of management of primary malignant limb bone tumours in Zaria,
      Nigeria.

PMID- 6593202
TI  - [Support for periodontal treatment of the adult dentition through orthodontic
      measures].

PMID- 6593203
TI  - [Is the combination of surgical periodontal measures with dental surgical
      measures rational?].

PMID- 6593204
TI  - [What filling materials are justifiable in the gingival area?].

PMID- 6593205
TI  - [Are functional analytic and functional therapeutic measures necessary for the
      success of periodontal treatment?].

PMID- 6593206
TI  - [Plaque reduction with a water jet containing an abrasive agent].

PMID- 6593207
TI  - [Relations between plaque formation, tooth surface roughness and self-cleaning].

PMID- 6593208
TI  - [Fluoride concentration in the serum and fluoride excretion in the urine after
      the oral intake of 5-30 mg fluoride from a NaF solution].

PMID- 6593209
TI  - [Mechanism of the effect of fluoride after Duraphat treatment].

PMID- 6593210
TI  - [Secondary section reconstruction in the computed tomographic visualization of
      the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6593211
TI  - [Mordex apertus lateralis--a contribution to lateral apertognathia].

PMID- 6593212
TI  - [Experimental studies of the antimicrobial effectiveness of different cavity
      lining materials].

PMID- 6593213
TI  - [Clinical study of amalgam fillings with different lifetimes].

PMID- 6593214
TI  - [Amalgam condensation--mechanical or manual?].

PMID- 6593215
TI  - Performance evaluation of faculty and administrators in hygiene programs.

PMID- 6593216
TI  - Strategic planning: the key to your program's survival.

PMID- 6593217
TI  - Intrinsic versus extrinsic reward motivation and the professional attitudes of
      dental hygienists.

PMID- 6593218
TI  - Are dental hygiene educators teaching hygienists to detect child abuse.

PMID- 6593219
TI  - Computers in clinical administration: a review of the literature.

PMID- 6593220
TI  - In vitro activity of ciprofloxacin against clinical isolates of Chlamydia
      trachomatis.

PMID- 6593221
TI  - Rules for the regulation of enzyme activity in reserved micelles as illustrated
      by the conversion of apolar steroids by 20 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
AB  - 20 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was enclosed in reversed micellar media
      consisting of cetyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide, hexanol, organic solvent and Hepes
      buffer. The influence of the composition of these media on the enzymatic
      reduction of the apolar steroids progesterone and prednisone was investigated by
      varying the water content, concentration of hexanol and type of organic solvent.
      By changing the water content and the type of organic solvent, the hexanol to
      cetyltrimethylammonium bromide ratio in the interphase can be varied. This ratio
      was determined by phase boundary titrations. It was found that the higher this
      ratio, the higher the rate of steroid conversion. From variations of the hexanol
      content it was concluded that the rate of steroid conversion is determined by the
      hydrophobicity of the steroid relative to the hydrophobicity of the continuous
      phase and the hydrophobicity of the interphase. The hydrophobicity of the phases
      was expressed in log P-values. Log P is defined as the logarithm of the partition
      coefficient in an octanol-water two-phase system. This enabled us to derive the
      following relations between the hydrophobicity values for the substrate (log Ps),
      for the interphase (log Pi) and for the continuous phase (log Peph): [log Pi-log
      Ps] must be minimal to ensure a high steroid concentration in the interphase and
      [log Pcph-log Ps] must be large to keep the steroid concentration in the
      continuous phase low. With these considerations, for any given apolar compound, a
      medium can be composed that gives optimal enzymatic conversion.

PMID- 6593222
TI  - Structure of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen Ca 19-9 on human seminal
      plasma glycoproteins from healthy donors.
AB  - The monoclonal antibody-defined, tumor-associated antigen Ca 19-9, chemically
      identical with the sialylated Lewisa-carbohydrate determinant of a
      monoganglioside and a mucin, was demonstrated by radioimmunoassay to be present
      in large amounts as component of fucose-rich sialoglycoproteins, which had been
      extracted from human seminal plasma of healthy donors. The carbohydrate antigen
      of these glycoproteins (m greater than 205 kDa and m 115 kDa), which are
      presumably secreted by the prostatic gland, was absent in seminal plasma from
      blood-group-Lewis-negative men. The Ca 19-9 active sialyl-oligosaccharide was
      cleaved from the proteins by mild alkaline borohydride treatment and was shown to
      chromatograph on gradient elution from DEAE-Sephadex with the fraction of
      monosialylated saccharide alditols (MS-SP). The asialo derivative of the major
      saccharide alditol in this fraction was composed of L-fucose, D-galactose, N
      acetyl-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-galactosaminitol in the molar proportions
      1:2:1:1 and chromatographed on Bio-Gel P2 according to approximately seven hexose
      units. A methylation analysis of the sialylated saccharide alditol in fraction MS
      SP, which had been purified by high-pressure liquid chromatography, revealed the
      presence of terminal, non-reducing L-fucose, 3-O-substituted D-galactose, 3,4 di
      O-substituted N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and 3-O-substituted N-acetyl-D
      galactosaminitol. The presented data and the fragmentation pattern obtained on
      direct probe EI and FAB+ mass spectrometry of the permethylated asialo derivative
      are in accordance with the structure of a sialylated pentasaccharide alditol
      (formula; see text).

PMID- 6593223
TI  - Translational repression of mRNA for eucaryotic elongation factors in Friend
      erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - Poly(A)-containing mRNA was prepared from polyribosomes and postpolyribosomal
      messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNP) from Friend erythroleukemic cells.
      Both mRNA types were translated in vitro and the 35S-labeled translation products
      examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Among the most abundant
      untranslated mRNA species was the mRNA coding for eucaryotic elongation factor Tu
      (eEF-Tu). In addition, the mRNA for eucaryotic elongation factor Ts was also
      present in Friend cells in untranslated form. Calculations based on translation
      assays indicate that eEF-Tu represents about 15% of the translation products of
      RNP mRNA and that approximately 40% of the eEF-Tu synthesized in vitro is encoded
      by translationally repressed mRNA. This repressed mRNA can be activated by
      addition of cycloheximide to cell cultures. At the level of 0.1 micrograms/ml,
      cycloheximide was found to inhibit cellular protein synthesis by about 50% while
      augmenting the relative rate of eEF-Tu synthesis 1.6-fold. This result suggested
      that eEF-Tu mRNA might initiate poorly. However, addition of supersaturating
      levels of mRNA to a reticulocyte lysate augmented eEF-Tu synthesis about twofold,
      while generally depressing the synthesis of other proteins by about 40%. Thus the
      storage of large amounts of eEF-Tu mRNA in vivo is unlikely to be due directly to
      the ineffectiveness of the mRNA in competing for the initiation machinery of the
      cell. The results presented in this report suggest that the supply of active eEF
      Tu in erythroleukemic cells is controlled, at least in part, by a translational
      mechanism.

PMID- 6593224
TI  - Transient erythroblastopenia of childhood. A review of 22 cases.
AB  - In the period 1975-1983 22 patients, aged 4-36 months were seen with severe
      transient normochromic, normocytic anaemia caused by a transient
      erythroblastopenia. In 20 patients bone marrow aspirations were obtained; they
      showed erythroblastopenia. In ten cases we observed young lymphoid cells,
      suggesting a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. One patient suspected of
      a leukaemia, was studied in more detail. All patients showed reticulocytopenia.
      MCV and HbF were within normal range. During recovery reticulocytosis and higher
      levels of HbF were found. Except for blood transfusion in most patients, therapy
      (e.g. corticosteroids) was not necessary. Spontaneous recovery is a feature of
      this kind of erythroblastopenia, contrasting with congenital hypoplastic anaemia.

PMID- 6593225
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid prostaglandin F2 alpha in stroke patients: no relationship to
      the degree of neurological deficit.
AB  - The concentration of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) was measured in
      cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 50 patients with recent stroke divided into three
      groups in respect to the time (up to 24 h) that expired between cerebrovascular
      insult and CSF sampling. 10 of the additionally studied persons were
      neurologically normal (control group). None of the investigated subjects were
      undergoing any therapy at the time of CSF sampling. The estimation of the
      neurological score revealed that the stroke patients suffered from acute cerebral
      ischemic attacks of varying severity. No relationship between the CSF PGF2 alpha
      and neurological status was found. Within the first 4 h after the stroke a marked
      increase in PGF2 alpha was found, afterwards being diminished but still enhanced
      in comparison to the controls.

PMID- 6593226
TI  - Increase in histone acetylation and transitions in histone variants during Friend
      cell differentiation.
AB  - Histone acetylation of Murine Erythroleukemia Cells (MELC) has been re-examined.
      It is demonstrated that sodium butyrate causes hyperacetylation of core histones
      in inducible as well as non-inducible MELC strains. This indicates that histone
      hyperacetylation per se is not sufficient to activate genes. However, [3H]acetate
      incorporation into core histones of the inducible MELC line F4N increases after
      induction of differentiation with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), in contrast to the
      non-inducible variant F4+. Thus histone acetylation may play a role as an
      auxiliary mechanism for gene activation (and inactivation). In addition, the
      appearance of a histone H3 variant during differentiation of MELC is reported.

PMID- 6593227
TI  - Enhancement of DNA-mediated gene transfer by inhibitors of autophagic-lysosomal
      function.
AB  - A variety of compounds, known to influence the intravesicular transport and
      degradation of macromolecules, was studied for their effect on the efficiency of
      DNA-mediated gene transfer (transfection). The efficiency of transfection was
      measured by transformation of rat 2 thymidine kinase-deficient (tk-) cells by the
      cloned herpes simplex I thymidine kinase gene (pAGO). When salmon sperm DNA
      (average molecular weight, 6 X 10(6) D) was used as a carrier, the presence of
      either 20 mM NH4Cl, 1 microM carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxy phenyl hydrazone
      (FCCP), or 5 mM 3-methyl adenine (3-MA) in the medium during incubation of the
      cells with the DNA-calcium-phosphate (DNA-Ca-Pi) precipitate, enhanced the
      efficiency of transfection by a factor of 10. If rat thymus DNA (greater than 30
      X 10(6) D) was used as a carrier, the transformation efficiency was much higher
      than with salmon sperm DNA. However, in this case treatment with 3-MA, NH4Cl and
      FCCP enhanced the transformation frequency by slightly less than a factor of two.
      3-MA further increased the transfection frequency if the cells were incubated
      with the compound after removal of the DNA-Ca-Pi coprecipitate, whereas NH4Cl and
      FCCP had no such effect. Our results strongly suggest that these inhibitors of
      intracellular degradation can increase the frequency of transformation by
      increasing the cytoplasmic levels of exogenous DNA.

PMID- 6593228
TI  - Modulations of glycerophosphorylcholine and phosphorylcholine in Friend
      erythroleukemia cells upon in vitro-induced erythroid differentiation: a 31P NMR
      study.
AB  - A 31P NMR study has been carried out on Friend erythroleukemia cells (FLC)
      induced to undergo erythroid differentiation in vitro. Significant levels of
      glycerophosphorylcholine (GroPCho) and phosphorylcholine (P-Cho) were identified
      both in the untreated cells and in their PCA extracts. In FLC treated 4 days in
      vitro with either dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or hexamethylenebisacetamide (HMBA),
      the intracellular concentration of P-Cho was markedly increased, whereas that of
      GroPCho appeared to be significantly reduced. HMBA was more effective than DMSO
      in producing this effect. The concomitant modulations of GroPCho and P-Cho in
      differentiated FLC suggest the hypothesis that erythroid differentiation involves
      modifications of the regulatory mechanisms controlling biosynthesis and
      catabolism of phospholipids.

PMID- 6593229
TI  - Enhanced casein kinase II activity in human tumour cell cultures.
AB  - Casein kinase II (CKII) activity is enhanced as much as 2-3 fold in established
      and 4-5-fold in transformed human cell lines when compared to that of fibroblasts
      and primary human tumour cell cultures where CKII activity never exceeded a basic
      level. The high activity of CKII in transformed cells and in established cell
      lines was reduced to about the same basic level after treatment with heparin, a
      highly specific inhibitor of CKII activity. The activity of the cAMP-dependent
      protein kinase was virtually the same in fibroblasts and various human tumour
      cell lines investigated.

PMID- 6593230
TI  - Sex selection by sperm separation and insemination.
AB  - The Ericsson albumin filtration technique was used to collect a fraction rich in
      Y sperm for selective insemination in couples desiring a male infant. Of 35
      conceptions in which sex was known at delivery or spontaneous abortion, there
      were 28 males (80%). Twelve pregnancies were achieved after separation of sperm
      in a Sephadex gel filtration system designed to allow for collection of a
      fraction enriched in X sperm. Seven pregnancies have resulted in females, two in
      males, and one in twins of each sex. One patient aborted, and one is still
      pregnant. While selection for either sex can be done electively, on the basis of
      sociologic preference, female selection has, as an additional indication,
      avoidance of male offspring to carriers of sex-linked diseases.

PMID- 6593231
TI  - [Difference between the sexes reflected in the crown size of permanent teeth].

PMID- 6593232
TI  - [Enlargement of the parotid gland evoked by gustatory stimulation].

PMID- 6593233
TI  - [Diagnosis of pulp diseases of deciduous molars].

PMID- 6593234
TI  - [Correlations of dental anomalies and periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6593235
TI  - [Use of the Lafol cupped plate in the repair of cleft lip and palate in newborn
      infants].

PMID- 6593236
TI  - [Clinical experience with the use of Duraphat lacquer].

PMID- 6593237
TI  - [Oral hygiene in children wearing orthodontic devices].

PMID- 6593239
TI  - The use and regulation of ionizing radiation in dentistry. A current view.

PMID- 6593238
TI  - SEM and reflectometric evaluation of the effects of fluoride on porcelain.

PMID- 6593240
TI  - Identification and management of restorative dental materials during patient
      prophylaxis.

PMID- 6593241
TI  - West Virginia dental auxiliary survey.

PMID- 6593243
TI  - Extramural rotation takes student to Alaska.

PMID- 6593242
TI  - Externship instead of GPR?

PMID- 6593245
TI  - Patient-dentist interaction: reviewing significant variables.

PMID- 6593244
TI  - Externship leads student behind bars.

PMID- 6593246
TI  - Haiti: not your ordinary classroom.

PMID- 6593248
TI  - Preparing for State Board exams. Part III. Patient preparation eliminates
      surprises.

PMID- 6593247
TI  - Establishing rapport in first appointments.

PMID- 6593249
TI  - Stress: inherent to dentists or taught to dental students?

PMID- 6593250
TI  - Are good students neglected?

PMID- 6593251
TI  - For better or worse.

PMID- 6593252
TI  - Student wants to have and to hold.

PMID- 6593254
TI  - How divorce courts view the DDS degree.

PMID- 6593253
TI  - Ads we love to hate, the don'ts.

PMID- 6593255
TI  - Mission to Peru.

PMID- 6593256
TI  - Do your patients perceive quality?

PMID- 6593257
TI  - Interview with Dr. John Bomba. Involvement: a key to meeting dentistry's
      challenges by H. Ronald Combs.

PMID- 6593259
TI  - Combating computer confusion.

PMID- 6593258
TI  - A down-to-earth approach to office computerization.

PMID- 6593260
TI  - In transition: from pegboard to computer.

PMID- 6593261
TI  - Space-sharing solo practices on the rise.

PMID- 6593262
TI  - How your words can shape thoughts.

PMID- 6593263
TI  - Dismissal for suspicion of theft.

PMID- 6593264
TI  - Alloy selection for crown and bridgework--a cheaper alternative?

PMID- 6593265
TI  - Genetic factors involved in murine resistance to experimental brucellosis.
AB  - C57 B1/6 are more resistant than DBA2 mice to IV inoculation of Brucella suis
      1330. This difference does not concern the blood clearance of the injected
      bacteria or the number of infective colonies in the spleen at very early (less
      than 24 h) or at late (greater than 2 months) stages but the splenic infection at
      intermediate stages with maximal differences between days 7 and 14. The
      "resistance" character is inherited by F1 and backcrosses as a partially dominant
      character with polygenic control and a better expression of resistance factor(s)
      in females, independently of male-female matings. Association of the "resistance"
      character with known genetic markers was investigated using (B6 X DB) X DB
      backcrosses, BALB/B, BALB/c, C3H/eb and C3H/HeJ mice. No correlation of
      "resistance" with Ig allotypes, the "d" coat colour or the LPS genes was
      evidenced. On the other hand significant differences in the number of splenic
      colonies on day 7 were observed according to the H-2 haplotype or the "b" coat
      colour phenotypes. These results are discussed in terms of a comparison with the
      genetics of other facultative intracellular bacteria and of the partially common
      and partially independent genetic regulation of the functional components of anti
      Brucella resistance.

PMID- 6593266
TI  - [Results of treatment with 2 chemotherapeutic protocols (TAPA and VAPA) in acute
      myeloblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6593267
TI  - Establishment and characterization of a human monocytoid leukemia cell line, CTV
      1.
AB  - A new human monocytoid leukemic cell line, CTV-1, was established from a patient
      with relapsed acute monoblastic leukemia. The characteristics of this cell line
      were evaluated by morphologic and cytochemical analyses, electron-microscopy,
      chromosome study, surface marker analysis and a study of differentiation
      potential with tumor-promoting agents.

PMID- 6593268
TI  - Therapeutic trial of thromboxane synthesis inhibition in the hepatorenal
      syndrome.
AB  - Urinary excretion of the vasoconstrictor metabolite thromboxane B2 is increased
      in some patients with the hepatorenal syndrome. To define the role of
      thromboxanes in this syndrome and to evaluate a potential treatment for the renal
      impairment, we administered the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor dazoxiben to 5
      patients with alcoholic hepatitis and rapidly progressive renal failure.
      Dazoxiben 200 mg/day followed by 400 mg/day reduced urinary thromboxane B2 by
      approximately 50% without altering prostaglandin E2 or 6-keto prostaglandin F1
      alpha and without improving creatinine clearance (6 +/- 2 to 6 +/- 3 ml/min). In
      3 additional patients, a higher dose of dazoxiben of 600 mg/day reduced
      thromboxane B2 by approximately 75% without consistent improvement in renal
      function. Thus, as judged by selective thromboxane inhibition with dazoxiben,
      thromboxanes are unlikely to be the key renal vasoconstrictor factor in the
      hepatorenal syndrome.

PMID- 6593269
TI  - Keyes technique.

PMID- 6593270
TI  - Differential diagnosis and treatment of common intraoral lesions.

PMID- 6593271
TI  - Vertical root fractures: diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 6593272
TI  - Detection of interproximal caries by transillumination.

PMID- 6593273
TI  - Differentiating between primary periodontal and endodontic lesions.

PMID- 6593274
TI  - Use of bupivacaine in general dentistry.

PMID- 6593275
TI  - Overdenture treatment of an adult cleft palate patient.

PMID- 6593276
TI  - Tic douloureux: report of successful treatment.

PMID- 6593277
TI  - Coronoidalgia: report of two cases.

PMID- 6593278
TI  - Site-dependent manifestations of head and neck cancers.

PMID- 6593279
TI  - Pain in the mandible.

PMID- 6593280
TI  - Local flaps for the middle third of the face.

PMID- 6593281
TI  - Principles of scar camouflage.

PMID- 6593282
TI  - [Abdominal pregnancy. Report of a case of 18 years' duration].

PMID- 6593284
TI  - The eruption guidance myofunctional appliances: how it works, how to use it.

PMID- 6593283
TI  - Orthodontic treatment methods. Part I.

PMID- 6593285
TI  - A case report: diagnosis and treatment narrative for MJH.

PMID- 6593286
TI  - A case report: Lanora Johnson.

PMID- 6593287
TI  - Short-term effect of oophorectomy on lipoprotein metabolism.
AB  - The influence of steroid hormones on lipoprotein metabolism has been investigated
      in menstruating women undergoing oophorectomy; indeed, by this procedure, it is
      possible to alter selectively the secretion of the hormones and thus to determine
      the influence of their withdrawal on blood lipids. Within 3 months of surgery we
      observed significant rapid changes in cholesterol levels of total and HDL-bound
      components (early decrease and subsequent increase) without alteration of the
      triglyceride component of the lipoproteins. Similar biphasic changes were
      observed for the apolipoproteins A and B, determined by immunological methods.
      These results are suggestive of an action of sex hormones on the lipoprotein
      metabolism, both on the lipid and the protein moieties. They can be explained by
      a primary action of the hormones on the apolipoprotein metabolism and a secondary
      apoprotein-mediated effect on the lipid component of the lipoproteins.

PMID- 6593288
TI  - 'Timely' completion of medical records defined.

PMID- 6593289
TI  - Transmission of the marker X syndrome trait by unaffected males: conclusions from
      studies of large families.
AB  - It is well established that apparently unaffected males can be transmitters of
      the marker X syndrome trait. Cytogenetic and clinical investigations of these
      male transmitters are only rarely reported for most of these male transmitters
      are dead by the time the syndrome is diagnosed in their families. We report on
      cytogenetic and clinical investigations of two unaffected male carriers of the
      disorder from two large families. Pedigree analysis of these families revealed
      six other cases of possible male transmission of the marker X syndrome trait.
      Mental impairment was not reported from the siblings of these unaffected male
      carriers and could not be observed in their daughters. The mode of transmission
      of the disorder cannot be fully explained by X-linked inheritance. The phenomenon
      of unaffected males transmitting the disorder could be due to an autosomal
      suppressor systeme. Our findings indicate that male transmission may be important
      for the frequency of the disorder.

PMID- 6593290
TI  - Familial benign hypercalcaemia (FBH; McK. No. 14598, 1983): linkage studies in a
      large Dutch family.
AB  - By screening 27 hypercalcaemic and 21 normocalcaemic subjects in a large Dutch
      pedigree with familial benign hypercalcaemia (FBH; McK. No. 14598) (McKusick
      1983) for more than 35 genetic markers, it was found that linkage of FBH can be
      excluded at about 25 centimorgans (cM) from GM, 20 cM from ABO, 15 cM from MNS
      and HLA, 10 cM from JK and PI, and 5 cM each from ACP1, AK1, ADA, GPT1, and PGP.

PMID- 6593291
TI  - Subperiosteal and mandibular bone plate implants: a comparison and presentation
      of criteria as used.

PMID- 6593292
TI  - [Stress analysis of single-tooth implants. IV. Effect of artificial lamina dura
      and PDL structure].

PMID- 6593293
TI  - [Gorlin-Goltz phakomatosis].

PMID- 6593294
TI  - [A rare case of odontomatosis composed of twenty elements].

PMID- 6593295
TI  - [The sagittal position of the posterior determinant of the occlusal plane: the
      mesio-palatal apex of the first maxillary molar].

PMID- 6593296
TI  - [Systematic use of a mirror in the dental therapeutic situations].

PMID- 6593298
TI  - [Determination of the duration of exposure].

PMID- 6593297
TI  - [Immature permanent teeth: fundamental and therapeutic concepts].

PMID- 6593299
TI  - [Epidemiological study of the oro-dental status of a Tunisian population of
      children].

PMID- 6593300
TI  - [Use of a new high-speed radiographic film: Ektaspeed].

PMID- 6593301
TI  - [Maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 6593302
TI  - Micromorphology of mineralization deposits in the pulps of human teeth.

PMID- 6593303
TI  - The position and topography of the apical canal constriction and apical foramen.

PMID- 6593304
TI  - Allergic skin reactions provoked by a root canal disinfectant with reduced
      formaldehyde concentration.

PMID- 6593305
TI  - Long-term tissue response to bacteria enclosed in a subcutaneous implant that
      simulates the infected dental root canal.

PMID- 6593306
TI  - The teaching of endodontics in the Lisbon Higher School of Dental Medicine.

PMID- 6593307
TI  - Bilateral idiopathic root resorption of upper first premolars.

PMID- 6593308
TI  - Differentiation of human myeloid leukemic cells by phorbol esters: correlation
      with tumor promotion.
AB  - The effect of the plant diterpenes, phorbol derivatives and mezerein, on
      differentiation of various human myeloid leukemic cells to macrophages was
      determined. The results indicate that, within the group of phorbol esters tested,
      a correlation exists between the potency of the compounds as inducers of
      differentiation and their reported potency as tumor promoters. However, mezerein
      and 12-O-retinoylphorbol 13-acetate, which promote tumors only weakly or not at
      all, were found to be efficient inducers. The efficiency of all the active
      phorbol derivatives, including the weak inducers, also known to be weak
      promoters, could be potentiated by pretreatment of the cells with retinoids,
      compounds which have been reported to inhibit tumor promotion. Similar results
      were obtained in 3 different established cell lines, as well as in short-term
      cultures of cells obtained from patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The results
      suggest that the activities of the diterpenes as tumor promoters and inducers of
      differentiation are not necessarily linked. Moreover, certain conditions which
      are unfavorable for tumor promotion may not affect or even potentiate induction
      of differentiation.

PMID- 6593309
TI  - Cross-over study of pharmacokinetics and haematological toxicity of 4'-epi
      doxorubicin and doxorubicin in cancer patients.
AB  - Eight cancer patients were given 4'-epi-DX and DX (70 mg/m2) by i.v. route at
      three-week intervals according to a randomized cross-over design. Blood samples
      were drawn at different intervals of time after each drug administration and
      plasma levels of the unchanged drugs and of their main metabolites were
      determined by HPLC. 4'-epi-DX gave plasma levels constantly lower than those
      observed after DX; the pharmacokinetic study showed that 4'-epi-DX was eliminated
      from the body more rapidly (t1/2 30 hours as compared with 43 hours). The 13
      dihydroderivatives of both drugs behaved in much the same way as the unchanged
      drugs; in fact the AUC values were lower for 13-OH 4'-epi-DX than for 13-OH DX.
      The cross-over design gave statistical confirmation of the lower haematological
      toxicity of 4'-epi-DX in comparison to DX. The reduced toxicity of 4'-epi-DX with
      respect to DX may be related to its pharmacokinetic behaviour.

PMID- 6593310
TI  - Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint. II. Diagnosis by
      arthrography and computed tomography.

PMID- 6593311
TI  - The use of antisialogogues in periodontal and restorative dentistry.

PMID- 6593312
TI  - Prevention of bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 6593313
TI  - Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint. I. Normal anatomy,
      physiology, and pathophysiology.

PMID- 6593314
TI  - Acute lymphocytic leukaemia presenting as spontaneous splenic rupture.

PMID- 6593316
TI  - The somnolence syndrome in leukemic children following reduced daily dose
      fractions of cranial radiation.
AB  - A group of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia was studied to investigate if
      a reduction in daily dose fraction of cranial radiation would reduce the
      incidence of somnolence syndrome. Thirty-one evaluable patients received 100 rad
      X 18 cranial radiation therapy. Sixty-six similar evaluable patients were given
      180 rad X 10. Both groups received the same chemotherapy including intrathecal
      methotrexate. Clinically detectable somnolence appeared in 58% of ech group
      without significant differences in the overall frequency or severity of
      somnolence (p greater than 0.5). This study failed to substantiate a radiation
      dose fraction size dependence for somnolence syndrome in children with acute
      lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6593315
TI  - 3 Alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in
      the ovary of young Mongolian gerbils.
AB  - The ovaries of sexually mature, pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG)
      stimulated, 12 week old Mongolian gerbils were investigated morphologically and
      enzyme histochemically for the appearance of the 3 alpha-hydroxy-steroid and the
      3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase during the estrous cycle. Up to ovulation, on
      day 3 of the estrous cycle, the number of vesicular follicles increases
      continuously. Primarily atretic follicles can be seen on day 4. On day 5 corpora
      lutea appear, but they degenerate already by day 6. During the entire estrous
      cycle, 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase activity can be found in the theca of tertiary follicles and in the
      interstitial cells, whereas the theca of secondary follicles and the granulosa of
      healthy follicles do not exhibit any enzyme activity. The activity decreases from
      day 1 till day 6. The granulosa of atretic follicles and the cells of corpora
      lutea show only weak activity. It may be significant that the intensity of enzyme
      activity in the ovary and the estrogen level in the plasma are differently
      correlated to the estrous cycle.

PMID- 6593317
TI  - Maintenance of the corpus luteum of early pregnancy in the ewe. III. Differences
      between pregnant and nonpregnant ewes in luteal responsiveness to prostaglandin
      F2 alpha.
AB  - The effects of pregnancy and number of corpora lutea on luteal regression induced
      with prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) were examined in 93 ewes. Bred and
      nonpregnant ewes were assigned randomly to receive a single im injection of PGF2
      alpha: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 mg/58 kg body weight. Injections were given on d 13
      postestrus. The concentration of progesterone in serum 24 h after PGF2 alpha
      injection was affected by dose (P less than .001). The effect of pregnancy and
      the interaction of pregnancy with number of corpora lutea on levels of
      progesterone in serum were significant (P less than .05); therefore, data were
      partitioned according to pregnancy status and analyzed separately. There was an
      effect of number of corpora lutea on serum concentration of progesterone in
      pregnant (P less than .01) but not nonpregnant ewes (P greater than .10). Similar
      relationships among groups were observed for the concentration of progesterone in
      luteal tissue. In nonpregnant ewes the minimum dose of PGF2 alpha to produce a
      significant suppression of progesterone in serum (P less than .05) was 4 mg/58 kg
      body weight. In pregnant ewes with one or two corpora lutea, the minimum
      effective doses were 6 and 10 mg/58 kg body weight, respectively. The
      concentration of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) in serum was
      related to the dose of PGF2 alpha injected. There were no differences in the
      concentration of PGFM in serum between pregnant and nonpregnant ewes either
      before or after injection. Corpora lutea of early pregnancy appear to be
      resistant to the luteolytic effect of PGF2 alpha.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6593318
TI  - Improvement by ergonovine of sperm transport, fertilization and pregnancy rates
      in ewes in natural or prostaglandin-induced estrus.
AB  - Eight experiments were conducted with 451 ewes to test effects of ergonovine,
      prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and phenylephrine on sperm transport and
      fertility. In most experiments, ewes were mated at estrus and necropsied 2 or 3 h
      later. Sperm were flushed from the oviducts, uterus and anterior, middle and
      posterior thirds of the cervix and counted. Various doses of PGF2 alpha or
      phenylephrine given im at mating caused no significant increase in sperm numbers
      in any segment of the tract 2 h later. Three different dose levels of ergonovine
      were given im to ewes in natural estrus 1 h after mating and ewes were necropsied
      3 h after mating. Doses of .2 and 1.0 mg were ineffective, but .5 mg increased
      sperm numbers about 10-fold in the oviducts and uterus. When given im at the time
      of artificial insemination, .6 mg of ergonovine increased the fertilization rate
      at 3 d from 5/25 in control ewes to 12/25 (P less than .05). In three experiments
      with ewes in PGF2 alpha-induced estrus, .6 mg of ergonovine increased sperm
      numbers in the cervix and uterus at 3 h after mating and in the uterus and
      oviducts at 23 h, near ovulation. Other ewes were artificially inseminated in the
      external cervical os and one-half of the ewes were given .6 mg of ergonovine im;
      ewes not returning to estrus were laparotomized at 22 to 26 d and embryos
      removed. After insemination during natural estrus with .2 ml of semen, pregnancy
      rates were 14/25 for control ewes and 15/25 for ergonovine-treated ewes; after
      insemination during natural estrus with .1 ml of semen, 6/35 and 18/35 (P less
      than .005); after insemination during PGF2 alpha-induced estrus with .2 ml of
      semen, 7/60 and 12/60. Fertilization and pregnancy rates combined were 32/145
      (22%) for all control ewes and 57/145 (39%) for ergonovine-treated ewes (P less
      than .005).

PMID- 6593319
TI  - FBJ virus-induced osteosarcoma contains type I, type I trimer, type III as well
      as type V collagens.
AB  - The FBJ osteosarcoma (a virus-induced osteosarcoma named after its discoverers,
      Finkel, Biskis, and Jinkins) contains an extensive extracellular matrix.
      Collagens were extracted by digestion with pepsin in dilute acetic acid from
      tumors grown in lathyritic mice and fractionated by differential salt
      precipitation, yielding five fractions. Fraction 1 (precipitated at acidic 0.7 M
      and neutral 2.0 M NaCl) gave rise mainly to alpha 1(III) chain on
      phosphocellulose column chromatography. The alpha 1(III) chain was identified by
      its typical behavior on interrupted electrophoresis and analysis of the CNBr
      cleaved peptides. The alpha 1(III) chain of the FBJ tumor had a high content of
      hydroxylysine and neutral saccharide. Fraction 2 (precipitated at acidic 0.7 M
      and neutral 4.5 M NaCl) yielded alpha 1(I) and alpha 2(I) chains on the
      phosphocellulose column from which alpha 1(I) was eluted as a broad peak,
      conceivably reflecting a high content of hydroxylysine and neutral saccharide.
      Fraction 4 (precipitated at acidic 1.2 M and neutral 4.5 M NaCl) yielded type V
      collagen, which also featured an exceptionally high content of neutral saccharide
      (Yamagata, S., et al. (1982) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 105, 1208-1214). The
      proportions of type I, type I trimer, type III, and type V collagens extracted by
      pepsin digestion from FBJ tumor were calculated to be 33, 29, 26, and 12%,
      respectively. The FBJ tumor is free from invasion by blood vessels, shows no
      deposition of calcium, and thus has the appearance of cartilage. But type II
      collagen, a specific gene product of cartilage, could not be identified in any of
      the fractions analyzed. Contrary to its appearance, collagen type analyses
      indicate that FBJ osteosarcoma is literally induced from osteogenic cells.

PMID- 6593320
TI  - Processing of the formyl peptide receptor by HL-60 cells.
AB  - Processing of the formyl peptide receptor by differentiated HL-60 cells has been
      studied using the photoaffinity label N-formyl-Nle-Leu-Phe-Nle-125I-Tyr-Lys-N
      epsilon-6-(4'-azido-2' -nitrophenylamino)-hexanoate. The receptor on live cells
      has an apparent molecular weight of 60,000 to 80,000 and possesses one
      predominant papain cleavage site on the cell exterior yielding a 35,000-Da
      fragment that contains the binding site. The affinity-labeled receptor was
      internalized with a t1/2 = 3.2 min at 37 degrees C, a t1/2 = 12 min at 24 degrees
      C, and was not internalized at 15 degrees C. The internalized receptor was
      localized in two intracellular compartments with buoyant densities less than that
      of the plasma membrane. The compartment with the lowest buoyant density was
      coincident with the Golgi marker galactosyltransferase. Intracellular
      dissociation of noncovalently bound peptide from the receptor occurred with a
      t1/2 = 25-28 min. Following a 3-h lag period, internalized affinity-labeled
      receptor was degraded by a first-order process with a t1/2 = 7 h.

PMID- 6593321
TI  - Interaction of peptides present in perivascular nerves on the smooth muscle of
      cat cerebral arteries and on the stimulation-evoked efflux of 3H-noradrenaline.
AB  - Studies have been performed using isolated segments of the middle cerebral artery
      of the cat to determine whether noradrenaline (NA), neuropeptide Y (NPY), avian
      pancreatic polypeptide (APP), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
      (VIP) and gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) have effects that involve pre- and/or
      postsynaptic mechanisms. NA, clonidine, NPY and APP produced concentration
      dependent contractions of cerebral artery segments, whereas SP and VIP induced
      relaxation of prostaglandin F2 alpha-contracted arteries. GRP, in the
      concentrations tested, (up to 2 X 10(-7)M) had no vasomotor activity. The alpha 2
      adrenoreceptor agonist clonidine (10(-8) and 10(-6)M) produced a reduction in the
      field stimulation-evoked release of 3H-NA previously incorporated into the
      noradrenergic transmitter pool of the arteries, whereas the alpha 2
      adrenoreceptor antagonist rauwolscine (10(-8) and 10(-6)M) resulted in increases
      in 3H-NA release. However, none of the peptides caused any significant change of
      the stimulation-evoked fractional release of 3H-NA. The results suggest that NPY,
      APP, SP and VIP have postjunctional effects in cat cerebral arteries and, in the
      concentrations tested do not affect stimulation-evoked NA release.

PMID- 6593322
TI  - Characterization of the metabolic forms of 6-thioguanine responsible for
      cytotoxicity and induction of differentiation of HL-60 acute promyelocytic
      leukemia cells.
AB  - HL-60 human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells that lack hypoxanthine-guanine
      phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) activity have been developed by mutagenization
      and selection. These cells exhibited markedly decreased sensitivity to the
      cytotoxic action of 6-thioguanine (TG) and, in contrast to parental HL-60 cells,
      had the capacity to undergo terminal granulocytic differentiation after treatment
      with this purine antimetabolite. Analysis of extracellular and intracellular
      metabolites of TG revealed negligible metabolism of TG in these HGPRT- HL-60
      cells. These findings are consistent with the concept that inhibition of cellular
      replication requires generation of analog nucleotide and suggest that TG itself
      is capable of initiation of differentiation. 6-Thioguanosine (TGuo) had limited
      activity, while beta-2'-deoxythioguanosine (dTGuo) was inactive, as an inducer of
      maturation of HGPRT- HL-60 cells. These cells converted relatively large amounts
      of the nucleosides to the free base TG; the simultaneous exposure of cells to 8
      aminoguanosine (AGuo), an inhibitor of purine nucleoside phosphorylase activity,
      decreased the degradation of TGuo and dTGuo to TG and promoted the intracellular
      accumulation of TG nucleotides, presumably through the action of nucleoside
      kinase activities. In a double mutant deficient in both HGPRT and deoxycytidine
      kinase (DCK) activities, dTGuo was devoid of cytotoxicity and was an effective
      inducer of maturation. The potency of dTGuo as an inducer in this system was not
      significantly affected by the presence of AGuo. These results suggested that
      dTGuo itself was also an active initiator of maturation. Thus, induction of
      differentiation appeared to be due to the free base, TG, as well as its
      deoxynucleoside form, dTGuo, whereas the formation of TG nucleotides appeared to
      antagonize maturation and produce cytotoxicity.

PMID- 6593323
TI  - Primary structure of human class II histocompatibility antigens. Reversed-phase
      high-performance liquid chromatography for integral membrane proteins.
AB  - The amino acid sequence of the human HLA-DR2 class II antigen was determined with
      the aid of high-performance liquid chromatography. By applying exclusively
      Hypersil-ODS as the stationary phase in combination with three buffer systems,
      the amino acid sequences of the extracellular parts of the DR alpha- and DR beta
      chains could be established. Moreover, the sensitivity of the procedure allowed
      the determination of the primary structures of additional class II polypeptides
      isolated together with the DR2 alpha- and the DR2 beta-chains. Significant
      insight into the heterogeneity of class II molecules was thereby obtained. In
      addition, a simple, rapid and selective method of general applicability is
      described for the isolation of membrane fragments of integral membrane proteins.
      Using Sep-Pak cartridges with a mobile phase containing 60% formic acid and
      varying 1-propanol concentrations, the highly hydrophobic peptides can
      selectively be separated from the hydrophilic fragments.

PMID- 6593324
TI  - Intraadrenal steroid concentrations in man: zonal differences and developmental
      changes.
AB  - Adrenal gland samples from 34 individuals 0-68 yr of age were dissected into four
      layers of equal thickness parallel to the capsule and the zonal boundaries of the
      cortex, and were analyzed by RIA for their concentrations of 17OH-progesterone,
      11-desoxycortisol, cortisol, progesterone, corticosterone, aldosterone, 17OH
      pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, and testosterone, with DNA
      content to correct for variations in sample size. Intraadrenal steroid
      concentrations were 10-1000 times higher than reported serum levels, and varied
      significantly with age, adrenal weight, and cortical thickness. The
      concentrations of cortisol,11-desoxycortisol, corticosterone, androstenedione,
      and testosterone increased with age. Levels of 17OH-pregnenolone,
      dehydroepiandrosterone, and 17OH-progesterone decreased during infancy in
      parallel with involution of the adrenal, and then rose again in late childhood
      and puberty. The concentrations of all steroids, except aldosterone, increased
      significantly from the outer to the inner layers of cortex. Comparisons of
      product-substrate ratios suggested that changes in adrenal androgen secretion are
      induced by shifts in the relative activities of key branch-point steroidogenic
      enzymes, notably 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-isomerase and 17,20
      desmolase. Since intraadrenal steroid concentrations are in the range of the
      Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) for these enzymes (10(-6) M) and can be shown in
      vitro at this concentration to influence relative enzyme activities, these data
      support the hypothesis that zonal and developmental changes in adrenal androgen
      secretion relative to that of cortisol are induced by changes in the steroidal
      micro-environment which in turn are imposed by adrenal growth and the centripetal
      blood flow through the gland.

PMID- 6593325
TI  - Erythrocyte catechol-O-methyltransferase, platelet monoamine oxidase, and
      platelet phenol sulfotransferase activities in patients with prolactin-secreting
      pituitary adenomas.
AB  - Dopamine is metabolized by oxidative deamination catalyzed by monoamine oxidase,
      O-methylation catalyzed by catechol-O-methyltransferase, and sulfate conjugation
      catalyzed by phenol sulfotransferase. This study was performed to determine
      whether platelet monoamine oxidase, red blood cell catechol-O-methyltransferase
      and platelet phenol sulfotransferase enzymatic activities in patients with
      prolactinomas were quantitatively different from the same enzyme activities in
      blood samples from normal subjects. The mean enzyme activities in blood samples
      from 22 women with histologically proven prolactinomas were compared to the mean
      enzyme activities in blood samples from 32 normal women. The blood levels of
      these 3 enzymatic activities were not significantly different between the two
      groups (P greater than 0.4). If the regulation of these catecholamine
      metabolizing enzyme activities in blood elements reflects the regulation of the
      enzymes in the hypothalamic-hypophyseal region, these results suggest that a
      defect in the regulation of dopamine-metabolizing enzymes is not associated with
      the pathogenesis of prolactinomas.

PMID- 6593326
TI  - Single incubation double esterase cytochemical reaction using a single coupling
      reagent.

PMID- 6593327
TI  - Effect of chlorhexidine rinses on the morphology of early dental plaque formed on
      plastic film.
AB  - The effect of chlorhexidine on early plaque formation was studied in vivo in
      order to assess potential structural and quantitative changes. 3 subjects with
      healthy gingiva were used. Plastic films were applied to the buccal surfaces of
      the maxillary right first premolars and plaque was allowed to form for either 4
      or 24 h. A single 1-min rinse with 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate was used for
      the 4-h experiments, 1 min after film placement, whereas, for the 24-h
      experiments, an additional 1 min rinse was used at 12 h. In total, 62 films were
      obtained, half treated and half controls. These were processed for light and
      transmission electron microscopy, using standardized techniques for area sampling
      and cell counting. All plastic films were covered by a surface coating of
      acellular material in or on which bacteria, epithelial cells and leukocytes were
      observed. In the controls, an important increase in bacterial count was seen
      between 4 and 24 h, whereas the increase with chlorhexidine was slight. There
      were fewer bacteria in the chlorhexidine as compared to the water specimens, for
      both time periods. Many microorganisms in the chlorhexidine samples appeared to
      be undergoing degeneration with coagulated cytoplasm and disrupted cell walls.

PMID- 6593328
TI  - Surface coatings on dental cementum incident to periodontal disease. (II).
      Scanning electron microscopic confirmation of a mineralized cuticle.
AB  - Root surfaces, exposed by periodontal disease, were studied after treatment with
      sodium hypochlorite. Observations of the anorganic specimens demonstrated that
      substantial changes occur in root surfaces incident to periodontal disease. A
      mineralized surface coating was seen in all areas of the involved root surface,
      although local regions occurred where the coating was apparently unmineralized.
      These findings generally confirmed the results of a previous study where the same
      specimens were studied without hypochlorite treatment. It is concluded that the
      coating is probably identical to the dental cuticle, and stems from adsorption of
      components of the gingival inflammatory exudate to the root surface. The coating
      may also be the carrier matrix for exogenous cytotoxic substances, previously
      thought to be located in the cementum. The findings may have implications for the
      way of treating periodontitis-involved root surfaces.

PMID- 6593329
TI  - Slow release metronidazole and a simplified mechanical oral hygiene regimen in
      the control of chronic periodontitis.
AB  - The present study is one of a series aimed at devising practical methods of
      control of chronic periodontitis that do not depend upon stringent interdental
      cleaning by the patient. The regime consists of professional and home care
      components thought to be realistic for general practice. Patients with chronic
      periodontitis, but without any complicating factor, such as systemic disease,
      recent antimicrobial therapy or occlusal traumatism were selected. They received
      an initial thorough scaling, root planing and an instruction in Bass brushing,
      using a multituft brush and a sodium fluoride toothpaste, but without emphasis on
      inter-dental cleaning. They were then assigned to one of two groups, one of which
      received, in addition to the above mechanical oral hygiene regime, low (0.5%) and
      the other high (40%) dose metronidazole locally in periodontal pockets once a
      week for 4 weeks. The low dose was supplied in the form of solution inside fine
      dialysis tubing. The high dose was in the form of metronidazole powder
      incorporated in acrylic resin. Plaque index, sulcus bleeding index, probeable
      pocket depth and gingival shrinkage were monitored during this period and for a
      further 8 weeks. Both groups showed highly significant reductions in
      (supragingival) plaque and periodontal inflammation, maintained at least 8 weeks
      after the end of the 4-week chemotherapy period. Reductions in SBI were greatest
      for the 40% metronidazole group. It was concluded that local metronidazole, even
      in the form of 0.5% metronidazole in a small portion of dialysis tubing, has a
      positive role in the control of chronic periodontitis.

PMID- 6593330
TI  - Depth of alveolar bone dehiscences in relation to gingival recessions.
AB  - Dehiscence depths were measured in vivo during surgical treatment of 113 teeth
      with gingival recession in 27 subjects. The average dehiscence depth determined
      was 5.43 mm with an average recession depth of 2.67 mm. Statistical evidence of a
      correlation between recession depth and dehiscence depth (average distance
      between lowest point of recession and dehiscence = 2.8 mm) leaves 16 affected
      teeth (n = 113) with a distance of 4 mm or more (up to a maximum of 7.5 mm)
      between the gingival margin and the alveolar crest (facial) unaccounted for. The
      significance of these deviations from mean values in the etiology and prognosis
      of recessions is discussed.

PMID- 6593331
TI  - Marginal bone height in adolescents participating in different preventive dental
      care programs.
AB  - A radiographic evaluation was made of the marginal bone height in youth, subject
      to different preventive dental care regimens. A test group consisted of 14-15
      year-olds who for 4 years had received preventive dental care based on oral
      hygiene education, professional tooth cleaning and topical fluorides and/or mouth
      rinsings every 3rd week. A comparison group had been given solely fluoride mouth
      rinsings every 2nd week with no particular emphasis on oral hygiene measures. The
      radiographic evaluation showed average differences between the investigated
      groups of less than 0.3 mm in the distance from the cementoenamel junction to the
      alveolar bone crest. In the mandibular premolar-molar region of the comparison
      group, the marginal bone height differed significantly from the corresponding
      region in the test group. No such differences in the maxillary regions were
      noted. The clinical relevance of the results is discussed.

PMID- 6593332
TI  - The effect of a teratogenic dose of isotretinoin on the subsequent pregnancy in
      the rat.

PMID- 6593333
TI  - The prevention of dental caries in the general dental service.

PMID- 6593334
TI  - A new mandibular landmark?

PMID- 6593335
TI  - A functional explanation for the morphology of the temporomandibular joint of
      man.

PMID- 6593336
TI  - Characterization of glass-ionomer cements. 7. The physical properties of current
      materials.

PMID- 6593337
TI  - Septicaemia as a complication of endodontic treatment.

PMID- 6593338
TI  - The use of general anaesthesia in general dental practice.

PMID- 6593339
TI  - The use of cefadroxil in the treatment of acute orofacial infections.

PMID- 6593340
TI  - Quantitative evaluation of the wear resistance of posterior dental restorations:
      a new three-dimensional measuring technique.

PMID- 6593341
TI  - Oral papillomatosis treated with cryotherapy: a case report.

PMID- 6593343
TI  - A microbiological study of one-day supragingival dental plaque.

PMID- 6593342
TI  - The use of Entonox as a sedation agent for children who have refused operative
      dentistry.

PMID- 6593344
TI  - Quality--a challenge to professional leadership.

PMID- 6593346
TI  - The epidemiology of dental caries and its impact on the operative dentistry
      curriculum.
AB  - Existing demographic and epidemiologic data are used to project the number of
      hours of operative dentistry treatment needed by all age groups in the year 2000.
      The findings suggest that calls to reduce the operative dentistry curriculum
      because of a decline in the need for single tooth restorative services may be
      premature, despite the recent caries decline in children and adolescents. The
      need for operative dentistry treatment is projected to increase until the 21st
      century, and the nature of this need has implications for the content of
      operative dentistry curricula.

PMID- 6593345
TI  - Future of dental education: strategic issues.
AB  - Dental education institutions, as components of university systems, must develop
      short-, mid-, and long-range plans for program development, resource allocation,
      evaluation, and continued financial support. This ongoing process must be
      accomplished in a very competitive academic arena where program excellence and
      program relevance are key issues in the game of survival. This presentation has
      focused on the major issues raised by the Strategic Plan of the American Dental
      Association, which must be considered by education institutions as they develop
      their plans. The Strategic Plan outlines some of the most crucial issues in
      dental education, and careful study of its content should be an obligatory step
      in any dental school planning process.

PMID- 6593348
TI  - Stress among first-year dental students.

PMID- 6593347
TI  - Maintenance of an adequate dental hygiene education system.
AB  - Decreases in faculty size and declining enrollments in dental hygiene programs
      are, in part, reflections of the economic difficulties faced by educational
      institutions with which the programs are affiliated. Administrative decisions
      about the future of dental hygiene programs are often based on inadequate
      information about employment trends and about the importance of the dental
      hygienist in dental practices. Although the relationship between demand for
      dental care and the availability of personnel to meet that demand is now unclear,
      studies indicate that demand for dental hygiene services will remain high in the
      1980s. The impact of dental hygienists on dental health care delivery in any
      given region must be studied carefully when decisions are made about dental
      hygiene programs, because it is very expensive to replace discontinued programs
      or those disabled by large budget cuts.

PMID- 6593349
TI  - The use of conference microscopes for teaching histology.

PMID- 6593350
TI  - Primates as a teaching model for biopsy.
AB  - It is our intention to poll former participants in this elective to determine
      their experience in biopsy of oral tissues in practice. To date, student
      critiques of this elective course have been positive; participants have strongly
      suggested that we continue this method of instruction. The use of animals can be
      justified by the fact that experience gained in this course is applicable to the
      serious problem of early detection of oral cancer. Curricula that include biopsy
      procedures will produce dentists who will be comfortable using this important
      diagnostic method in their practices. Studies indicate that more general dentists
      are utilizing biopsy. It is important that this trend be encouraged, and the use
      of the nonhuman primate in a course such as that described above is a positive
      step in this direction.

PMID- 6593351
TI  - Manpower trends in the health professions: slower growth predicted for dental
      practitioners.

PMID- 6593352
TI  - Dental insurance, a successful model facing new challenges.
AB  - Dental insurance has been the fastest growing fringe benefit during the 70s.
      Further, it has evolved into a cost-effective means for getting more people to
      seek dental treatment. Early worries of the purchaser and the profession about
      the uninsurability of dental care have largely been solved; to this day, though,
      no one has developed a model to successfully deliver individual coverage. In the
      80s, dental insurance is facing some significant new challenges, mainly because
      purchasers of care perceive the need to trim all health care costs due to the
      rapid escalation of medical and hospital costs. Two avenues being pursued are
      "alternative delivery" and a "health tax" on fringe benefits. These two cost
      containment efforts significantly threaten both the form and growth of dental
      insurance. It is important that the profession recognize the significance of
      these challenges and, recognizing the causes, become involved in finding
      solutions that do not diminish the quality of dental care.

PMID- 6593354
TI  - Dental education and the objectives of the American College of Dentists.

PMID- 6593353
TI  - The effect of cost sharing on the quality of dental care.

PMID- 6593355
TI  - Prediction of academic success. A study with dental students using noncognitive
      and cognitive variables.

PMID- 6593357
TI  - Truth or consequences.

PMID- 6593358
TI  - For patients' best interests.

PMID- 6593356
TI  - Variations in the practice of dentistry and the supply of dentists.

PMID- 6593359
TI  - A question of alloys.

PMID- 6593360
TI  - Plaque. Current approaches to prevention and control.

PMID- 6593361
TI  - Periodontal disease awareness.
AB  - New forms of patient education are needed to increase the periodontal disease
      awareness of the general public. Patients are more likely to seek professional
      treatment for periodontal disease when they are aware of its existence. The
      general practitioner should be encouraged, through the dental literature and
      continuing education courses, to assume responsibility for the diagnosis and
      management of the majority of periodontal problems. Increased periodontal
      awareness by the dentist would be beneficial in three areas: increased
      periodontal diagnosis and treatment planning would help reduce the number of
      lawsuits that can result from existing undiagnosed periodontal disease, the
      number of failures in restorative treatment would be reduced and longevity of
      existing restorative dentistry increased, and unfilled appointment time in the
      dentist's schedule could be filled by patients who need periodontal therapy.

PMID- 6593362
TI  - Treatment of triple tooth: report of case.
AB  - A case of a young girl with a triple primary tooth that retarded normal
      development of the maxillary left lateral incisor is described. The primary tooth
      was extracted to encourage normal development of the permanent tooth. Subsequent
      examination of the extracted triple tooth suggests that it was composed of the
      primary left lateral incisor fused either to a geminated central incisor or to a
      fused central incisor and supernumerary tooth.

PMID- 6593363
TI  - Enamel hypoplasia in permanent teeth induced by periodontal ligament anesthesia
      of primary teeth.
AB  - Periodontal ligament anesthesia was applied to 16 primary teeth in jaw quadrants
      of two monkeys. The teeth in the contralateral positions were not injected and
      the permanent teeth in this area served as controls. The animals were killed
      after 22 months when the permanent incisors began to erupt. In total, enamel
      hypoplasia or hypomineralization (or both) was noticed in 15 permanent teeth in
      the experimental quadrants but in none of the controls. The results strongly
      emphasized that periodontal ligament anesthesia should be used with great care on
      primary teeth close to developing permanent teeth.

PMID- 6593364
TI  - Clinical methods for determining dentifrice-cleaning ability. American Dental
      Association Health Foundation Research Institute.
AB  - This collaborative study of dentifrice-cleaning methodology and function was
      conducted to compare three dental stain-grading methods among 300 adults who
      brushed their teeth for 8 weeks with three specially formulated calcium phosphate
      dentifrices, which differed in dentin abrasivity. In general, with some
      difference in sensitivity, use of the three stain-grading methods distinguished
      among different groups of the population using these three dentifrices. By using
      the method with the greater level of magnification, a significant difference was
      detected earlier. The data indicate that there is a linear correlation between
      dentin abrasivity as measured in vitro and observed clinical stain cleaning. As
      the dentifrices used in this study were custom-designed and limited to the
      chemical family of calcium ortho-phosphates, the linear relation between
      abrasivity and cleaning in this study cannot necessarily be related to other
      abrasive systems or other abrasion levels. Either of the two study designs, that
      is, testing after a prophylaxis (stain accumulation) or non-prophylaxis (stain
      removal), is appropriate for future investigations. However, in this study,
      greater examiner sensitivity was observed with the design that utilized preformed
      pellicle stain of known history as the substrate for cosmetic tooth-cleaning.

PMID- 6593365
TI  - Recommendations in radiographic practices, 1984. Council on Dental Materials,
      Instruments, and Equipment.

PMID- 6593366
TI  - Classification system for cast alloys. Council on Dental Materials, Instruments,
      and Equipment.

PMID- 6593367
TI  - Clinical products in dentistry. A JADA desktop reference.

PMID- 6593368
TI  - Treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusion with full buccal occlusion of the
      maxillary teeth (Brodie syndrome): a case report.

PMID- 6593369
TI  - Class II division 1 bi-maxillary protrusion treatment: a case report.

PMID- 6593370
TI  - Facial morphology associated with headform variations.

PMID- 6593371
TI  - Occlusal programming before and after treatment utilizing gnathological
      principles and articulators.

PMID- 6593372
TI  - Musculoskeletal stability and neuromuscular freedom: the basics for a healthy
      occlusion.

PMID- 6593373
TI  - The clinical management of open-bite malocclusions.

PMID- 6593374
TI  - Case of the month. Muco-epidermoid carcinoma of the minor salivary glands of the
      palate.

PMID- 6593375
TI  - Interpret your X-rays. Mandibular osteomyelitis.

PMID- 6593376
TI  - Vertical dimensions of face & dentition--a cephalometric study.

PMID- 6593377
TI  - Solitary median cleft lip of upper lip.

PMID- 6593378
TI  - Dens invaginatus--case report.

PMID- 6593379
TI  - Priapism complicating chronic myeloid leukaemia and its management.

PMID- 6593380
TI  - Trends in the patterns of oral disease: implications for Ireland.

PMID- 6593381
TI  - Dental manpower needs.

PMID- 6593382
TI  - Irish dental manpower 1941-2001.

PMID- 6593383
TI  - [Studies on oocyte maturation and mammals and human fertilization].

PMID- 6593385
TI  - Suppression of natural killer activity by ascitic fluid from patients with
      gastrointestinal cancer.

PMID- 6593384
TI  - [Biochemical analysis of metabolic processes of the oocyte and preimplantation
      embryos during fertilization and implantation].

PMID- 6593386
TI  - [A case of retroperitoneal fibrosis following dihydroergotamine therapy, with
      special reference to partial diabetes insipidus and positive Ga scan].

PMID- 6593387
TI  - [A case of polycythemia vera with myocardial infarction transformed to acute
      myelogenous leukemia accompanied with gas gangrene].

PMID- 6593388
TI  - Otolaryngological complications in infectious mononucleosis.
AB  - Otolaryngological complications occurred in 5 per cent of 467 patients with
      infectious mononucleosis admitted consecutively to the ENT-department during the
      period 1 April 1969 to 30 June 1981. Four patients had peritonsillar abscess and
      five patients developed potentially lethal obstruction of the upper airway. Such
      complications require intervention and, as the latter condition probably is the
      most frequent fatal complication of IM, we find it important that patients with
      even slight respiratory embarassment in infectious mononucleosis should be
      observed and treated in an ENT-department.

PMID- 6593389
TI  - Fc- and complement receptor-dependent degradation of soluble immune complexes and
      stable immunoglobulin aggregates by guinea pig monocytes, peritoneal macrophages,
      and Kupffer cells.
AB  - The degradation of soluble immune complexes (ICx) and stable soluble
      immunoglobulin aggregates was studied in vitro. To obtain insight into the
      capacity of phagocytes from different organs to degrade soluble ICx we studied
      monocytes, peritoneal macrophages, and Kupffer cells. Peritoneal macrophages and
      Kupffer cells degrade similar amounts of aggregated guinea pig IgG2 (AIgG) and
      ICx per cell. Monocytes were at least ten times less effective than peritoneal
      macrophages and Kupffer cells. The presence of normal guinea pig serum as a
      source of complement enhanced the degradation of ICx and AIgG by peritoneal
      macrophages and monocytes. There was, however, a diminished degradation of ICx
      and AIgG by freshly isolated Kupffer cells in the presence of complement. After
      culturing of the Kupffer cells for 40 hours, there was an increase in the density
      of C3b receptors and a concomitant reversal of inhibition of AIgG degradation in
      the presence of complement. It can be concluded from the present experiments that
      the capacities of peritoneal macrophages and Kupffer cells to degrade soluble ICx
      and AIgG are comparable and that monocytes are much less active than peritoneal
      macrophages and Kupffer cells.

PMID- 6593390
TI  - Inhibition of CFU-E colony formation by resident peritoneal macrophages from
      hybrids of BALB/c mice.
AB  - In previous studies, macrophages have been shown to influence in vitro colony
      formation by erythroid progenitors (CFU-E). To determine whether the origin of
      the macrophages influences their effects on in vitro erythropoiesis, plasma clot
      cultures of CFU-E were grown over adherent monolayers of macrophages from various
      strains of mice. Macrophages were separated from the plasma clot cultures by an
      intermediary layer of agar. Normal resident macrophages from BALB/c mice and
      several other inbred strains had no effect on CFU-E colony formation. In
      contrast, macrophages from a strain of mice termed BWF, which were originally
      identified as BALB/c but subsequently shown to be a hybrid of BALB/c and outbred
      CFW mice, strongly inhibited erythroid colony formation. Resident macrophages
      from the parental outbred CFW mice inhibited CFU-E in 50% of the animals tested.
      Inhibition was obtained in both homologous and autologous macrophage-CFU-E
      combinations and was therefore not due to histoincompatibility effects, nor was
      inhibition related to prostaglandin production by the macrophages or to effects
      on erythropoietin levels in the assay system. The results demonstrate that normal
      resident macrophages influence in vitro erythropoiesis and that the effects
      observed are dependent on the genotype of the mice from which the cells are
      derived.

PMID- 6593391
TI  - Interaction of plasma fibronectin (pFN) with membranous constituents of
      peritoneal exudate cells and pulmonary macrophages.
AB  - The prominent role of plasma fibronectin (pFN) in the host defense system as an
      opsonin for gelatin (collagen)-coated colloids has been established. In the
      present study we investigated the interaction of pFN and membrane isolates from
      cells devoid of collagen, as well as several tissues. In a liver slice assay
      system it was shown that subcellular membrane fractions from lung macrophages,
      peritoneal exudate cells, spleen, tests, and liver were able to competitively
      inhibit the pFN-mediated uptake of 125I-gelatin coated latex beads (gLtx) at low
      concentrations. Endocytosis of 125I-labeled membrane isolates by macrophage
      monolayers was also promoted by addition of pFN. In an attempt to characterize
      the membrane component(s) interacting with pFN, it was found that mild extraction
      procedure with 1 M KBr could release a significant amount of this inhibitory
      activity. Further studies demonstrated that the agent(s) responsible for
      inhibition of gLtx uptake was heat sensitive, not altered by trypsin treatment,
      and did not contain actin, a protein known to interact with pFN. This work
      indicates that pFN interacts specifically with an as yet unknown membrane
      component(s) and that such interaction will promote clearance of cellular debris
      by macrophages. This suggests that pFN may be an important opsonin for the
      reticuloendothelial system in clearance of collagenous and noncollagenous
      cellular debris once they are exposed to interact with it.

PMID- 6593392
TI  - Recruitment of neutrophils by an encapsulated coagulase-negative strain of
      Staphylococcus simulans in the mammary gland of the mouse.
AB  - The encapsulated coagulase-negative strain of Staphylococcus simulans (strain 76)
      was inoculated into the mammary glands of lactating mice. In contrast to the
      coagulase-positive encapsulated Staphylococcus aureus (strain M), which elicited
      a neutrophil response within 18 hr, strain 76 organisms multiplied in the glands
      but failed to elicit a neutrophil response for 3 days; they were then eliminated
      from the gland by 8 days. When strain 76 was inoculated into mice whose offspring
      had been removed 3 days earlier, a neutrophil response was induced within 18 hr
      and, although phagocytic ingestion was resisted for at least 42 hr, the organisms
      were eliminated from most glands within 5 days. Inoculation of a naturally
      occurring double-stranded RNA (BRL 5907) into the mammary gland induced a
      macrophage infiltration of the alveolar lumen that was qualitatively similar to 3
      days involution. Intramammary inoculation of strain 76 18 hr after BRL 5907
      resulted in a neutrophil infiltration within 6 hr. In vitro, strain 76 stimulated
      the release of chemotactic factors for neutrophils from bovine mammary gland
      macrophages. The results suggest that the recruitment of neutrophils by strain 76
      in the mammary gland of the mouse is mediated by macrophages.

PMID- 6593393
TI  - The intravenous intralipid tolerance test.
AB  - The half-life of an intravenously injected bolus of intralipid 20% was measured
      in normal rats in order to asess its relationship to reticuloendothelial system
      (RES) activity. Groups of animals were studied following various treatments, and
      the results compared to measurement of carbon clearance in similar groups. The
      RES effects of silica and C parvum were confirmed by the carbon clearance test,
      but no effect was seen on the half-life of intralipid. Intralipid clearance was
      shortened by fasting and the administration of intravenous heparin, neither of
      which affected carbon clearance. It is concluded that the intravenous intralipid
      test has no place in the asessment of RES function.

PMID- 6593394
TI  - Leishmania donovani infection in athymic mice derived from parental strains of
      the susceptible (Lshs) or resistant (Lshr) phenotype.

PMID- 6593395
TI  - The influence of age at operation for clefts on the development of the jaws.
AB  - In this follow-up study of adult cleft patients with a unilateral
      cheilognathopalatoschisis, the effect on maxillo-mandibular development of the
      age at which the palatoplasty had been performed was investigated. It was
      concluded that it makes little difference whether the hard palate is closed at
      the age of 3 or 6 years.

PMID- 6593396
TI  - A lateral photometric analysis for aesthetic-orthognathic treatment.
AB  - A new lateral photometric analysis, used as a new diagnostic aid in surgical
      orthognathic treatment and aesthetic surgery, is described. The normal facial
      features of one male and one female were analysed and then assessed to provide
      examples of the "normal". Seven cases with aesthetic-orthognathic problems were
      also analysed and diagnosed according to this newly-described technique and these
      represented examples of the "abnormal". The benefits of using this diagnostic aid
      are obvious to the maxillo-facial/aesthetic surgeon or orthodontist. He should be
      able to plan his treatment beyond the limitation set by model studies and
      cephalometrics only.

PMID- 6593397
TI  - A cephalometric analysis of the Le Fort II osteotomy in the adult cleft patient.
AB  - A variety of procedures are available for the correction of the secondary cleft
      deformity. In this study of the use of the Le Fort II osteotomy, hard and soft
      tissue changes are documented using 40 discrete hard and soft tissue points on
      each lateral cephalogram. These were compared in the pre-operative, immediate
      post-operative and follow-up cephalograms. Some of the possible causes for
      relapse were identified.

PMID- 6593398
TI  - A biochemical study of the nature of jaw cysts (II). The role of lipids in the
      enlargement of cysts.
AB  - It is believed that cysts in jaws enlarge when the permeability of the cyst wall
      changes, that the proteins of cyst fluid increase, and that the intracystic fluid
      pressure on the jaw bone increases because of inflammation. On the other hand, it
      is also believed that cysts enlarge when a prostaglandin-like substance, which is
      generated in the wall, acts chemically in the resorption of the jaw bone. This
      investigation comprised 97 cases of various jaw cysts. The author attempted to
      treat 91 of these cases by the irrigation method. Lipids and related substances
      in cyst walls removed at operation in 15 cases, and cyst fluid were examined in
      all cases as follows. Their identification with IR, analyses of fatty acids with
      GC, and estimation of the free radical concentration by ESR were carried out. As
      a result, it was found that in an infected cyst wall the values of phospholipids,
      TBA and the free radical concentration increased, and that the value of
      arachidonic acid decreased. In cyst fluid there was no LCAT activity, the value
      of HDL-cholesterol decreased, and free cholesterol crystals were detected. After
      irrigation of cyst cavities, cholesterol esters were detected. In infected cyst
      fluid, the values for white corpuscles, TBA, and the free radical concentration
      increased, whereas the values of PO2, arachidonic acid, and SOD decreased. As the
      infection disappeared, these values were reversed. Finally the cysts diminished
      in size. The author assumes that jaw cyst enlargement is related to LPO and PG
      like substances produced by lipid peroxidation of the cyst wall and fluid.

PMID- 6593399
TI  - Complications of parotid gland surgery.
AB  - In a consecutive series of 61 parotid operations only one case of unexpected
      permanent facial nerve injury was seen although transient disturbances of facial
      nerve function were more common. Frey's syndrome subsequently developed in 13% of
      patients although its onset was delayed on average for 22.2 months.

PMID- 6593400
TI  - Ameloblastic fibro-odontome. Report of a case, with ultrastructural study.
AB  - An ameloblastic fibro-odontome of the mandible in an 11-year-old female is
      reported. The clinical, radiological, histological and electron microscopic
      findings are presented and compared to similar cases reported in the literature.
      Histogenetic features as well as differential diagnostic aspects of the
      ameloblastic fibro-odontome are discussed.

PMID- 6593401
TI  - Renal cell carcinoma with metastasis to the submandibular and parotid glands. A
      case report.
AB  - Differential diagnosis between acinic cell carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma is
      an oft-quoted problem. A case is presented of a 60-year-old woman with metastatic
      lesions from a renal cell carcinoma to the parotid as well as the submandibular
      gland. Appropriate diagnosis was delayed due to lack of clinical information.

PMID- 6593402
TI  - Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured in serum-free medium: a
      functional and morphological study using light and scanning electron microscopy.
AB  - Mononuclear cells of the human peripheral blood (PBMs), separated by the gradient
      centrifugation technique, were cultured in serum-free medium. After separation
      into adherent cells (A-PBMs) and non-adherent cells (NA-PBMs), morphological
      differences between the two cell populations were observed. A-PBMs grew in serum
      free culture for up to 70 days and the NA-PBMs for 30 days, without loss of
      viability. Cells were examined for phagocytosis of latex particles and
      prostaglandin secretion (PGE2 and thromboxane), in particular. Of all cells
      studied, the young adherent cells (3-7 days in culture) were the most efficient
      in performing these functions. In mixed cultures, containing A-PBMs and NA-PBMs,
      attachments between both cell types via elongated cytoplasmic extensions were
      seen. Toward the end of the culture period, a dense cellular network developed on
      the substrate of the culture chamber. This phenomenon has not been reported for
      PBMs culture using conventional serum-enriched media.

PMID- 6593403
TI  - Platelet aggregation abnormalities in arterial occlusive diseases (AOD).
AB  - Ex vivo and in vitro studies of blood platelets were performed on a total of 70
      clinically healthy donors of different age and sex and compared with the results
      observed in 86 patients suffering from venous thrombotic or arterial occlusive
      diseases (AOD) of the lower limb using several techniques. Significant
      thrombocytic hyperfunction present was found both nephelometrically and with the
      Wu and Hoak method in AOD. The nephelometrical data could be substantiated with
      the platelet-count-ratio (PCR) technique. The present studies demonstrate that
      all techniques available have serious limitations. Both the Wu and Hoak and the
      Born methods are incapable to reveal latent and abortive platelet dysfunctions.
      Pilot studies suggest that the resolution power of the nephelometric device can
      be augmented when platelet reactivity is increased by a "physiological" maneuver,
      namely by maximal body exercise of the subject to be examined, immediately before
      the aggregation test. It is emphasized that adherence to constant experimental
      conditions is a "conditio sine qua non" for comparative studies on platelet
      function.

PMID- 6593404
TI  - Oral estramustine phosphate (Estracyt): a broad phase II study.
AB  - Thirty-five patients with advanced cancers were treated with estramustine
      phosphate tablets (Estracyt). Doses ranged between 420 mg and 700 mg daily. One
      partial response was documented in a hormone resistant prostatic cancer patient.
      Four minor responses (less than 50% responses, or less than one month more than
      50% response) were obtained; one in a hormone resistant prostatic cancer, two in
      metastatic colorectal cancers; and another in a malignant melanoma. Toxicity
      phenomena included nausea (9/35 - 25%), water retention (4/35 - 11.5%) and mild
      elevation of alkaline phosphatase (2/35 - 6%). Other toxicity effects were
      vaginal bleeding in two women, acne in one woman and mild pruritus in another
      patient. Myelosuppression and immune suppression were not significantly detected.

PMID- 6593405
TI  - Hepatic and renal erythropoietin production during various intervals of short
      term hypoxia.
AB  - Hypoxia stimulates erythropoietin (Ep) production and subsequent stimulation of
      erythropoiesis. Chronically applied hypoxia results in a variety of physiological
      alterations including polycythemia, hemoglobinemia, and vascular and metabolic
      changes. As red cell mass increases to such an extent to allow for adequate
      tissue oxygenation, plasma Ep levels drop and the rate of erythropoiesis is
      lowered. In the present work, the precise contribution of the kidney and the
      liver to the Ep response to acutely administered hypoxia (6-24 hr/0.4 atm) was
      determined using an in situ tandem perfusion of the liver and kidneys. The
      results indicate that hepatic and renal Ep production during different intervals
      of acute hypoxia is not uniform. This alteration may be partially explained by
      the reported reduction in splanchnic blood flow and a possible redistribution of
      hepatic microcirculation, which may cause the liver to become more hypoxic than
      the kidney under the same ambient pO2. The role of the liver becomes more
      pronounced as the time of acute hypoxic exposure increases, whereas the Ep
      content of renal perfusates is not drastically altered. At certain intervals
      during hypoxia, the liver displays a greater potential to elaborate Ep.

PMID- 6593406
TI  - Piribedil and platelet aggregation.
AB  - Piribedil at high concentrations inhibits in vitro ADP and thrombin aggregation
      effect on the rabbit PRP.

PMID- 6593407
TI  - Electron microscopic and optical diffraction analyses of crystalline inclusions
      in human osteosarcoma cells.

PMID- 6593409
TI  - Factors affecting sterilization in glass bead sterilizers.

PMID- 6593408
TI  - Studies on the control of prostaglandin production by the hypothalamus in
      relation to LH release in the rat.
AB  - Prostaglandin (PG) and thromboxane (TX) synthesis by homogenates of the
      hypothalamus of rats has been measured in relation to the preovulatory surge of
      LH. Prostaglandin and TX production by the median eminence (ME) was five to ten
      times higher than that by the anterior hypothalamus/preoptic area (AH-POA).
      Prostaglandin E2 and PGF2 alpha were the major prostaglandins synthesized by the
      ME and AH-POA respectively. During the 4-day oestrous cycle, the PG- and TX
      synthesizing capacity of the ME showed daily changes, being high at 06.00 and
      22.00 h and, with the exception of pro-oestrus, low at 18.00 h. There was an
      additional peak of PGE2 production by the ME at 18.00 h on pro-oestrus coincident
      with the preovulatory LH surge. Progesterone treatment stimulated PGE2 synthesis
      by the ME of long-term ovariectomized, oestradiol-primed rats but not by the ME
      of acutely ovariectomized, oestradiol-primed rats. 2-Hydroxyoestradiol had no
      effect on PG and TX production by the ME at 18.00 h on dioestrus or 18.00 h on
      pro-oestrus. Noradrenaline stimulated PG and TX synthesis by the ME at the former
      time but not at the latter time. Prostaglandin F2 alpha-synthesizing capacity of
      the AH-POA peaked at 22.00 h on each day of the 4-day cycle. There was also an
      additional peak at 14.00 h on each day except dioestrus. Similar peaks occurred
      in the production of PGE2 and TXB2, except on pro-oestrus when the production of
      each compound remained low. There was no association between increased PGE2
      production by the AH-POA and the preovulatory surge of LH. Noradrenaline, but not
      2-hydroxyoestradiol, stimulated PG and TX production by the AH-POA at 18.00 h on
      both dioestrus and pro-oestrus. Progesterone stimulated PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6
      oxo-PGF1 alpha production by the AH-POA of acute, ovariectomized, oestradiol
      primed rats but not of long-term ovariectomized, oestradiol-primed rats.
      Flurbiprofen, a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, prevented the preovulatory LH surge in
      two rats and delayed the LH surge by 2 h in four rats. It also reduced PG and TX
      production by the ME and AH-POA. Overall, the present studies show that there is
      an increase in PGE2-synthesizing capacity of the ME at the time of the
      preovulatory LH surge in the rat, and that the administration of an inhibitor of
      prostaglandin synthesis interferes with the timing of the LH surge.

PMID- 6593410
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic investigation of the smeared layer on root canal
      walls.

PMID- 6593411
TI  - A comparative tissue toxicity evaluation of Gutta-percha root canal sealers. Part
      II. Forty-eight-hour findings.

PMID- 6593413
TI  - An evaluation of the crown-down pressureless technique.

PMID- 6593412
TI  - Proplast as an apical barrier in root canal therapy.

PMID- 6593414
TI  - An endodontically induced maxillary sinusitis.

PMID- 6593415
TI  - An evaluation of a teaching aid in endodontics.

PMID- 6593416
TI  - The use of sealed plastic bag for radiographic film to avoid cross-contamination.

PMID- 6593417
TI  - Chemical and energy-dispersive X-ray analyses of Gutta-percha points.

PMID- 6593418
TI  - Concentrations of immune complexes, IgG, IgM, IgE, and C3 in patients with acute
      apical abscesses.

PMID- 6593419
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic analysis of canal wall dentin following neodymium
      yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser irradiation.

PMID- 6593420
TI  - Pulp biopsies from the teeth associated with periapical radiolucency.

PMID- 6593421
TI  - Endodontic therapy of a fused permanent maxillary lateral incisor.

PMID- 6593423
TI  - Periapical cemental dysplasia: simultaneous occurrence in multiple maxillary and
      mandibular teeth.

PMID- 6593422
TI  - Aspiration of an endodontic instrument.

PMID- 6593424
TI  - Scanning and transmission electron microscopic studies on pulmonary bullae.

PMID- 6593426
TI  - Acute abdomen in the neonate.

PMID- 6593425
TI  - [Albendazole in the treatment of common intestinal parasite infections among
      school children in Taiwan].

PMID- 6593427
TI  - Chemotherapy for metastatic liver cancer by intra-aortic infusion.

PMID- 6593428
TI  - Acanthosis nigricans combined with endocrinopathy--2 case reports.

PMID- 6593429
TI  - Proliferating sparganosis of the lumbar spine--a case report.

PMID- 6593430
TI  - [Platysma myocutaneous flap for intraoral reconstruction].

PMID- 6593431
TI  - Granulocytic sarcoma of the cervix uteri--a case report.

PMID- 6593432
TI  - Measurement of prostaglandins in the cerebrospinal fluid in cat, dog, and man.
AB  - Prostaglandins are involved in the modulation of various central functions
      (neurotransmitters and hypothalamic hormone release, thermoregulation,
      cerebrovascular tone) and their levels increase in pathological situations
      [subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), stroke, convulsive disorders, etc.]. This study,
      using sensitive and specific antibodies, examined levels of four eicosanoids,
      prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha (PGE2, PGF2 alpha); and the metabolites of PGI2, 6
      keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha), and of thromboxane A2,
      thromboxane B2 (TxB2), in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained atraumatically
      from three species (human, canine, and feline). An assessment of the methodologic
      procedures (extraction and radioimmunoassay) was carried out. Human lumbar
      cerebrospinal fluid was shown to contain PGF2 alpha (15-44 pg/ml), 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha (undetectable to 39 pg/ml), and TxB2 (undetectable to 28 pg/ml), whereas
      PGE2 was undetectable (less than 18 pg) in all cases. In both animals species the
      eicosanoid concentrations were 3- to 30-fold higher than humans for every
      prostaglandin examined. Although the prostaglandin profile for a given species
      remained constant (cat, PGE2:6-keto-PGF1 alpha:TxB2:PGF2 alpha; dog, TxB2:PGE2:6
      keto-PGF1 alpha:PGF2 alpha), the absolute levels were found to be lower in the
      pentobarbital-anesthetized animals than in conscious cats. The correspondence of
      the prostaglandin profiles found in cerebrospinal fluid with the profiles
      reported in the literature in brain homogenates for the same species supports the
      hypothesis that cerebrospinal fluid levels of prostaglandins reflect the relative
      rates of synthesis in neural tissue.

PMID- 6593433
TI  - Linkage studies in autosomal dominant facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.
AB  - Linkage studies were undertaken in 120 individuals from 10 kindreds with
      autosomal dominant facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy using 35 different
      marker genes. No linkage was found. The highest lod score was 1.438 for the
      immunoglobulin heavy chain gene cluster (IGH) at a recombination fraction of 0.2.
      IGH is located on the long arm of chromosome 14. Based on scores of other marker
      genes and on a recombination map of chromosome 14, the probability that the gene
      for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is located on chromosome 14 is
      estimated to be approximately 6%.

PMID- 6593434
TI  - Outcome following late marrow relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Thirty-four children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, who developed bone marrow
      relapse after treatment was electively stopped, received reinduction,
      consolidation, continuing therapy, and intrathecal (IT) methotrexate (MTX).
      Sixteen children who relapsed within six months of stopping treatment had a
      median second-remission duration of 26 weeks; all next relapses occurred in the
      bone marrow. In 18 children who relapsed later, the median duration of second
      remission was in excess of two years, but after a minimum of four years' follow
      up, 16 patients have so far relapsed again (six in the CNS). CNS relapse occurred
      as a next event in four of 17 children who received five IT MTX injections only
      and in two of 14 children who received additional regular IT MTX. Although
      children with late marrow relapses may achieve long second remissions, their long
      term out-look is poor, and regular IT MTX does not afford adequate CNS
      prophylaxis. It remains to be seen whether more intensive chemotherapy, including
      high-dose chemoradiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation, will improve the
      prognosis in this group of patients.

PMID- 6593436
TI  - Adjuvant chemotherapy in osteogenic sarcoma.

PMID- 6593435
TI  - Continuous infusion high-dose cytosine arabinoside in refractory childhood
      leukemia.
AB  - Ten pediatric patients with refractory leukemia received continuous infusion high
      dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) according to one of two escalating dosage
      schedules: (1) a 500-mg/m2 rapid infusion loading dose followed by 3.5 g/m2 per
      day continuous infusion daily for four consecutive days, or (2) a 600-mg/m2 rapid
      infusion loading dose followed by 5.0 g/m2 per day continuous infusion daily for
      four consecutive days. Major toxicity at the lower dosage level was grade IV
      hematopoietic aplasia of three weeks' duration. At the higher dosage level, there
      was a prohibitive toxicity in multiple organ systems including transient
      noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, fungal infections, peritonitis, severe diarrhea,
      transaminase elevations, and one treatment-related death due to acute renal
      failure. In contrast to other methods of administration of high-dose ara-C, no
      CNS toxicity occurred. Oncolytic responses were seen in all patients and two
      achieved brief, partial remissions. Steady-state plasma ara-C concentrations were
      13 to 40 mumol/L at the 3.5-g/m2 dosage level and 10 to 225 mumol/L at the 5-g/m2
      dosage level; CSF concentrations at both dosages ranged from 2 to 5 mumol/L.
      Intracellular levels and ratios of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytidine-5'
      triphosphate and endogenous deoxycytidine 5' triphosphate in marrow blasts varied
      widely at steady state during infusion. No positive correlation existed between
      steady-state plasma ara-C levels, toxicity, oncolytic effect, or intracellular
      nucleotide concentration.

PMID- 6593437
TI  - In vitro sensitivity of myeloblast clonogenic cells to doxorubicin, aclacinomycin
      A, and 4'-O-tetrapyranyl-doxorubicin: correlations with clinical responses.
AB  - The in vitro sensitivity of peripheral blood myeloblast clonogenic cells (CFU
      MLs) to doxorubicin (DOX), aclacinomycin (ACL), and 4'-O-tetrapyranyl-doxorubicin
      (THP-DOX) was studied to evaluate the individual chemosensitivity of CFU-MLs. CFU
      MLs from untreated patients were sensitive to the three tested anthracyclines (in
      60% to 69% of the patients). Conversely, CFU-MLs from relapsed patients
      previously treated with DOX-containing regimens were sensitive to ACL and THP-DOX
      (in 71% and 75% of the patients, respectively) but resistant to DOX. Six of ten
      patients who entered complete remission with a combination of DOX, vincristine,
      and cytosine arabinoside had CFU-MLs in vitro which were sensitive to DOX.
      Conversely, none of the 13 patients resistant to this chemotherapy regimen
      displayed CFU-MLs which were sensitive in vitro to DOX. Nine of ten patients who
      responded to ACL as well as one of three resistant patients had CFU-MLs sensitive
      to ACL in vitro. No clinical responses were observed with THP-DOX in five of
      seven patients with CFU-MLs sensitive to this drug. The results indicate that
      myeloblast clonogenic assays can be used to predict the in vitro sensitivity of
      CFU-MLs to compounds with established antileukemic activity (ie, DOX, ACL).
      However, the discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo sensitivity to THP-DOX
      underlines the importance of knowledge of drug pharmacokinetics and the
      difficulty of using the CFU-ML test for screening new drugs.

PMID- 6593438
TI  - Radiation-induced cerebral meningioma: a recognizable entity.
AB  - The authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical and histopathological findings
      in 201 patients with intracranial meningiomas operated on in the period 1978 to
      1982. Forty-three of the patients (21.4%) had at some previous time received
      radiation treatment to their scalp, the majority for tinea capitis. The findings
      in these 43 irradiated patients were compared with those in the 158 non
      irradiated patients. Several distinctive clinical and histological features were
      identified in the irradiated group, which suggest that radiation-induced
      meningiomas can be defined as a separate nosological subgroup. The use of
      irradiation in large numbers of children with tinea capitis in the era prior to
      the availability of griseofulvin may be responsible for a significantly increased
      incidence of intracranial meningiomas.

PMID- 6593439
TI  - The effect of zinc deficiency on prostaglandin synthesis in rat testes.
AB  - The effect of zinc deficiency on prostaglandin synthesis in rat testes was
      determined by feeding three groups of rats egg white-based semipurified diets.
      One group (ZD) was fed a zinc-deficient diet and two control groups were pair-fed
      (PF) or fed ad libitum (AL) a zinc-sufficient diet. The concentration
      (nanograms/gram) of the prostacyclin metabolite, 6-keto-prostaglandin-F1 alpha (6
      keto-PGF1 alpha), in the tunica homogenate was significantly lower in ZD than in
      PF and AL groups. However, there was no difference when 6-keto-PGF1 alpha
      concentration was expressed as nanograms/milligrams of tunica protein. Tunica
      PGE2 concentrations (nanograms/gram) were not significantly altered by zinc
      deficiency. Concentrations of prostaglandins (PGs) in testis parenchyma were
      slightly higher in ZD probably as a result of increased levels of the precursor,
      arachidonic acid (AA). There was a highly significant correlation between PGE2
      and AA in parenchyma phospholipids. PG synthesis was much greater in the tunica
      than in the parenchyma and prostacyclin appeared to be the major PG synthesized
      in both the tunica and parenchyma. It was concluded that PG synthesis is altered
      in the testes of zinc-deficient rats probably due to changes in concentrations of
      protein in the tunica and AA levels in parenchyma lipids.

PMID- 6593440
TI  - Use of hyperbaric oxygen.

PMID- 6593441
TI  - Training of dentists in anesthesiology.

PMID- 6593443
TI  - An evaluation of the amnesic effects of diazepam sedation.
AB  - Twenty subjects, 13 female and 7 male, aged 16 to 37 years, were studied to
      determine the effects on memory of intravenous sedation with diazepam (Valium).
      Three tests were performed: 1) the Weschler Logical Memory Scale; 2) memory of
      three geometric shapes; and 3) memory of three objects presented in a drawing.
      Logical memory items were presented before and after sedation; other tests were
      presented after sedation. Anterograde amnesia was produced by diazepam sedation.
      No retrograde amnesia was observed. A significant drug effect was found between
      the pre-drug and post-drug retention intervals (T+ = 2; P less than 0.005). Post
      drug recognition scores were found to be approximately 42% of pre-drug
      recognition scores. The anterograde amnesia produced with diazepam was probably
      due to decreased arousal of the subject, and decreased attention to rehearsal of
      short-term memory stimuli, resulting in a lack of storage of the stimuli.

PMID- 6593442
TI  - The effect of heat on bone regeneration: an experimental study in the rabbit
      using the bone growth chamber.
AB  - A dividable titanium implant that, after insertion in the tibial metaphysis of an
      experimental animal, permits a numerical estimation of ingrowing bone was used to
      evaluate the effects of a defined temperature rise on bone regeneration. Heating
      the test implants to 47 degrees C or 50 degrees C for 1 minute caused
      significantly reduced bone formation in the implants, while no significant
      effects were observed after heating to 44 degrees C for 1 minute. The results
      reflect the importance of controlling the heat produced during surgery to avoid
      impaired bone regeneration.

PMID- 6593444
TI  - Evaluation of long-term sensory changes following mandibular augmentation
      procedures.
AB  - Having undergone mandibular augmentation using several osteotomy techniques, 12
      patients were evaluated for long-term sensory changes in the mental nerve
      distribution. The mean follow-up period was 32 months. The evaluation included
      both subjective and objective testing. Objectivity was achieved via the two
      alternative forced-choice technique in testing light touch, thermal, and brush
      directional discrimination. All patients reported persistent subjective
      neurosensory alteration at the mental nerve distribution, four of which were
      judged as dysesthetic. Objective sensory alteration was observed in all three
      modalities tested, with brush directional discrimination most greatly affected,
      followed by light touch and then thermal discrimination. It was concluded that
      mandibular augmentation procedures requiring repositioning of the inferior
      alveolar neurovascular bundle lead to both subjective and objective neurosensory
      alteration, which were shown to be persistent at long-term follow up.

PMID- 6593446
TI  - Ameloblastomas with pronounced desmoplasia.

PMID- 6593445
TI  - A mini-residency program in orthognathic surgery.
AB  - A method of teaching major orthognathic surgical techniques is presented. One
      hundred hours of instruction in laboratory, practical, clinical, and operating
      room experiences were presented over two months, on alternate weekends. These
      intervals allowed for assimilation of new didactic material, readings, and study
      and laboratory exercises at home. Four teams of three oral and maxillofacial
      surgeons rotated to the operating rooms during each weekend session to experience
      hands-on training. The protracted period of follow-up observations enabled
      participants to witness most cases from start to finish and learn to anticipate
      and manage sequellae. Experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeons demonstrated a
      quick grasp of newer techniques of orthognathic surgery, and most translated the
      mini-residency experience into their practices.

PMID- 6593447
TI  - Benzocaine-induced methemoglobinemia during general anesthesia.
AB  - A case is reported in which a patient developed cyanosis under general anesthesia
      due to methemoglobinemia. The cause of the methemoglobinemia was benzocaine
      applied topically to the pharynx and trachea. When confronted with cyanosis in
      the absence of cardiac or pulmonary disease, one must seriously consider the
      diagnosis of methemoglobinemia. Supplemental oxygen should be administered and
      methylene blue given intravenously. If possible, determination of arterial blood
      gases should be made to obtain the methemoglobin concentration. Finally, all
      medical and dental personnel using benzocaine should be aware of the recommended
      dose and the possible complications of overdosage.

PMID- 6593448
TI  - Frontometaphyseal dysplasia: symptoms and possible mode of inheritance.
AB  - Frontometaphyseal dysplasia is a rare syndrome of which only 20 cases have been
      described thus far. In this paper we report a 46-year-old man who showed a medium
      degree of manifestation of the disorder. The variable expressivity in both sexes,
      as derived from the careful study of reported symptoms in all known cases, was
      discussed. On the basis of the published pedigrees and additional information
      from our case, the possible mode of inheritance was debated.

PMID- 6593449
TI  - Effect of retention of gingival sulcular epithelium on attachment and pocket
      depth after periodontal surgery.
AB  - Both the modified Widman flap and the intrasulcular incision technique produced
      significant and similar reductions in pocket depth and increases in attachment.
      Loss of attachment occurred where the initial pocket depth was less than 3 mm.
      Both techniques resulted in significant and similar increases in gingival
      recession. Neither technique affected tooth mobility or plaque scores to a
      clinically important degree. Historically, the necessity for removal of the
      sulcular epithelium in the course of periodontal therapy is a widely accepted
      tenet. This study fails to clinically validate this concept.

PMID- 6593450
TI  - Bacterial invasion of periodontal tissues in advanced periodontitis in humans.
AB  - Bacterial invasion of the pocket epithelium and underlying connective tissue was
      found in seven cases of advanced human periodontitis. Four cases showed invasion
      of the epithelium as well as the connective tissue while in the other three cases
      bacterial invasion was limited to the pocket epithelium. The microorganisms
      observed included cocci, rods, filaments, fusiforms and spirochetes and these
      were morphologically similar to those observed in the apical zone of the
      subgingival plaque. Most bacteria showed typical Gram-negative cell walls.
      Bacteria were seen in enlarged epithelial intercellular spaces and among debris
      of disintegrated epithelial cells. In the connective tissue the bacteria were
      seen among remnants of collagen fibers and degenerated fibroblasts.
      Identification of the invading microorganisms may assist in understanding the
      pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis.

PMID- 6593451
TI  - Pulmonary actinomycosis of periodontal origin.
AB  - A case of pulmonary actinomycosis of periodontal origin is presented.
      Microbiologic testing including culture and typing of multiple systemic and oral
      lesions revealed the presence of Actinomyces naeslundii and A viscosus in all
      sites. In addition, biopsies demonstrating branching filamentous forms and
      "sulfur granules" were found in exudates from the lungs, submandibular region and
      left quadrants of the oral cavity. Seeding of tooth-associated materials
      containing Actinomyces sp into the pulmonary field may have resulted in this case
      of pulmonary actinomycosis. Therapy of the pulmonary and periodontal infections
      was completed and the patient is maintaining satisfactory health 18 months later.

PMID- 6593452
TI  - Unusual wound healing following removal of donor tissue for soft tissue graft.
AB  - Soft tissue grafts are regularly used in most periodontal practices to augment
      attached gingiva. Postoperative complications are few and of minor consequence.
      This case describes a possible arterio-venous shunt following removal of palatal
      mucosa as the donor tissue in a soft tissue autograft. The complication was
      managed by a surgical excision of the cavernous lesion. Healing thereafter was
      uneventful.

PMID- 6593453
TI  - Effects of gold salts on experimental periodontitis. III. Ultrastructural
      observations.
AB  - Previous studies showed that the systemic administration of soluble gold salts
      resulted in significantly less periodontal destruction after 2 weeks of
      experimentally induced periodontitis. The present study compared the
      ultrastructural characteristics of the inflammatory lesion in animals receiving
      gold salts (experimental) with those in animals that had not received gold salts
      (control). Maxillary gingival biopsy specimens were obtained from the buccal
      aspect of ligatured teeth after 2 weeks of experimental periodontitis. A cellular
      and extracellular ultrastructural characterization was done in an "epithelial and
      superficial connective-tissue zone," and a "deep connective-tissue zone."
      Experimental (gold-receiving) specimens had an intact sulcular epithelium with
      narrow intercellular spaces overlying a collagen dense connective tissue. Control
      specimens had a degenerating disrupted epithelium overlying a collagen-poor
      connective tissue in which polymorphonuclear leucocytes predominated and often
      were closely apposed to morphologically altered fibroblasts. The cellular
      distribution of electron-dense deposits of gold salts was demonstrated, and their
      possible role in modulating mechanisms of cell cytotoxicity and collagen turnover
      is discussed.

PMID- 6593454
TI  - Relationship between the interproximal distance of roots and the prevalence of
      intrabony pockets.
AB  - The interproximal distance between adjacent root surfaces and the presence of
      intrabony pockets (IBP) facing these surfaces, was measured and recorded during
      114 gingival flap procedures in 81 patients. Measurements were carried out in 344
      interproximal areas and 117 IBP were detected at these sites. The correlation
      between the interproximal distance and the presence of IBP was positive and
      statistically significant (r = 0.81; P less than 0.001). The frequency of IBP
      increased with increasing interdental distance (slope (s) = 5.723). When
      interdental distances between 2.1 and 4.5 mm were analyzed, the correlation and
      slope were high (r = 0.96; P less than 0.01; s = 19.87). No significant
      correlation (r = 0.36; P greater than 0.4) existed when interproximal distances
      greater than 4.6 mm were analyzed separately. Intrabony pockets were frequently
      associated with interproximal distances greater than 2.6 mm (20-57.1%). They were
      less common (5-20%) when the interproximal distances were less than 2.6 mm. Two
      IBP in the same interdental areas were present only when these areas were greater
      than 3.1 mm. Based upon the present data, it seems that the frequency of IBP
      increased as the distance between adjacent teeth increased. However, when this
      distance was 4.6 mm or more, no further increase in the percentage frequency of
      IBP was noted.

PMID- 6593456
TI  - The effects of salicylate on the rectal absorption of phenylalanine and some
      peptides, and the effects of these peptides on the rectal absorption of cefoxitin
      and cefmetazole.
AB  - The disappearance of phenylalanine and phenylalanylglycine from a perfusate
      circulated across rat rectal tissue was enhanced significantly in the presence of
      salicylate or 5-methoxysalicylate at pH 4.5, 7.4, and 8.5. The disappearance of
      di-, tri-, and tetraphenylalanine from a perfusate at pH 7.4, although
      facilitated by the presence of salicylate and 5-methoxysalicylate, was also
      fairly substantial when no adjuvant was present. These peptide analogues of
      phenylalanine also enhanced the rectal absorption of cefoxitin and cefmetazole,
      two highly water soluble antibiotics. Phenylalanine and phenylalanylglycine, both
      poorly absorbed across the rectal membrane when administered alone, did not
      enhance the rectal absorption of either antibiotic.

PMID- 6593455
TI  - Effects of chlorhexidine on the structure and permeability of hamster cheek pouch
      mucosa.
AB  - This study examined the effects of chlorhexidine (CHD) on the clinical
      appearance, morphology, and in vitro permeability of hamster cheek pouch mucosa.
      The cheek pouches were treated daily for 3 weeks with topical applications of
      saline, 0.2% CHD, or 2.0% CHD. Treatment with 2.0% CHD resulted in the formation
      of discrete white lesions in every animal in the group, whereas no changes were
      identified in any animal treated with 0.2% CHD or saline. Upon microscopic
      examination it was determined that treatment with 2.0% CHD resulted in a
      statistically significant (P less than 0.01) increase in epithelial thickness,
      when compared to the other groups, and the lesions were found to consist of
      hyperplastic areas of epithelium with associated inflammatory cell accumulations.
      Daily treatments with 2.0% CHD, 0.2% CHD or saline had no effect on the very low
      permeability of cheek pouch mucosa to 14C-CHD. However, treatment with 2.0% CHD
      resulted in decreased permeability to 3H2O (P less than 0.05) when compared to
      the other groups. Treatment with 2.0% CHD also resulted in a thickened
      permeability barrier (P less than 0.01), as determined using a tracer,
      horseradish peroxidase. It is concluded that topical applications of 0.2% T CHD
      have no detectable effect on cheek-pouch mucosa while applications of 2.0% CHD
      result in hyperplasia and a decrease in mucosal permeability. Our results suggest
      that CHD should be used with caution clinically and at a concentration of 0.2% or
      less.

PMID- 6593457
TI  - Relationship between the mesiodistal width of the maxillary central incisor and
      interpupillary distance.

PMID- 6593458
TI  - Microleakage of microfilled composite resin restorations with different
      cavosurface designs.

PMID- 6593459
TI  - Morphology and permeability of the dentinal smear layer.

PMID- 6593460
TI  - Observations on the histologic features of the human edentulous ridge. Part II:
      Connective tissue.

PMID- 6593461
TI  - Long-term biocompatibility test of denture base resins in vitro.

PMID- 6593462
TI  - Compatibility of reversible hydrocolloid duplicating materials and dental stones.
AB  - Eight reversible hydrocolloid duplicating materials and six improved dental
      stones were tested for compatibility. Stone No. 1 appeared to be the most
      compatible with all duplicating materials and duplicating materials No. 5 and No.
      7 the most compatible with all stones.

PMID- 6593463
TI  - Relationship between occlusal contacts and jaw-closing muscle activity during
      tooth clenching: Part I.
AB  - Electromyographic recordings from the anterior temporal muscle fibers
      bilaterally, the posterior temporal muscle fibers bilaterally, the superficial
      masseter muscle bilaterally, and the left medial pterygoid muscle were used to
      study the effects of changing the location, size, and direction of effort on
      specific contact points during maximal clenching tasks in human subjects.
      Vertical clenching efforts in the natural or simulated intercuspal position
      generally showed the highest muscle activities for all the muscles recorded. When
      the contact point moved posteriorly along the arch from incisors to molars, the
      activity in the ipsilateral temporal muscles was seen to increase, while the
      activity in the ipsilateral medial pterygoid and the masseter muscles bilaterally
      was seen to decrease during vertical clenching tasks. Eccentric efforts on
      specific contact points generally resulted in lower activity than the
      corresponding vertical effort. This was usually seen in all muscles, but not all
      values were significant. The ipsilateral temporal and contralateral pterygoid
      muscles showed the most activity during maximal clenches in lateral direction
      with little contribution from the other muscles. The temporal muscles showed the
      most activity in retrusive clenching, with activity in the other muscles nearly
      nonexistent. The medial pterygoid and masseter muscles were found to be the most
      active muscles during protrusive and incisal clenching, while the temporal muscle
      activity was low. When the size and number of contacts were increased anteriorly,
      a generalized increase in muscle activity was seen. The same trend occurred
      posteriorly but was not as consistent or significant. Cross-arch contacts were
      associated with a slight but significant bilateral increase in masseter muscle
      activity and an increase in temporal muscle activity ipsilateral to the cross
      arch contact when maximum vertical clenches were performed. However, no
      significant increases were observed when the effort was directed laterally. The
      findings of this electromyographic study on change of the contact point, size of
      contact point, and the direction of effort applied on a contact point confirm
      their specific associations with the activity of muscle groups. Significant data
      have also been made available for a biomechanic approach of the investigation of
      degenerative joint changes.

PMID- 6593464
TI  - Silent period in jaw elevator muscle activity during mastication.

PMID- 6593465
TI  - Questioning our perceptions of the elderly: some thoughts for the dentist.

PMID- 6593466
TI  - An alternative method to conventional palatal fistula obturation.

PMID- 6593467
TI  - Intermediate restorative material: a clean and simple mixing technique with
      predictable results.

PMID- 6593468
TI  - Important clinical aspects of intracapsular edema (posterior capsulitis)

PMID- 6593469
TI  - Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and herpetiform ulcerations.

PMID- 6593470
TI  - The generalist-periodontist interface: problems and solutions.

PMID- 6593471
TI  - Use of contact lenses on mountaineering expeditions.

PMID- 6593472
TI  - [Clinical experience of sisomicin sulfate by intravenous drip infusion for the
      treatment of infection complicated by malignant disease].
AB  - Sisomicin sulfate (SISO) was used for the treatment of infections complicated by
      malignant diseases in 10 cases; 4 cases with suspicious sepsis, 2 with pneumonia,
      2 with urinary tract infection, 1 with renal abscess and 1 with cholecystitis.
      SISO was administered by intravenous drip infusion at daily dose from 100 to 150
      mg for 6 to 12 days, concomitantly with other antibiotics. Clinical results were
      as follows; Good in 2, fair in 5, poor in 3 cases. As to the side effects of
      SISO, cylindruria with aggravation of microscopic hematuria and elevations of
      GOT, GPT and A1-P were observed each one of them, respectively. The relationship
      to the SISO, however, was not clear. In view of the above results, the drip
      infusion of SISO may be useful for the treatment of serious infection complicated
      by malignant diseases.

PMID- 6593473
TI  - [Enzymatic determination of bile acids].

PMID- 6593474
TI  - [A lead block for oculo-pharyngeal shielding in whole cranial irradiation].

PMID- 6593476
TI  - [Pathogenesis and therapy of peptic ulcer associated with chronic myelocytic
      leukemia].

PMID- 6593475
TI  - [Histochemical examination of gastric covering and epithelial mucus in rats.
      Effect of several drugs on gastric mucus].

PMID- 6593477
TI  - [Renal radioisotope accumulation in 67Ga-citrate scintigraphy].

PMID- 6593478
TI  - [Clinical assessment of 67Ga-citrate tumor scintigraphy in malignant melanoma].

PMID- 6593479
TI  - [Relative Ga-67 image enhancement by iron-loading].

PMID- 6593480
TI  - Flow cytometric analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content in adult
      leukemia.
AB  - Flow cytometric analysis of the bone marrow cellular DNA content was performed in
      40 adult patients with acute leukemia. Twenty-eight had AML (29 previously
      untreated and 9 relapse) and 12 ALL (8 previously untreated and 4 relapse). For
      the whole series, the mean G1/0-phase compartment was 82 +/- 1.3%, the mean S
      phase compartment 14 +/- 1%, and the mean G2 +M-phase compartment 4 +/- 0.7%. The
      percentage of cells in the S-phase had a positive correlation with the LDH level,
      but not with other parameters. Patients at relapse had significantly lower
      percentages of cells in the S-phase in AML and significantly higher in ALL. The
      changes of the S-phase size of the same patients at the first and relapse phases
      varied. Patients who obtained complete remission had significantly higher percent
      S phase than patients who did not. This difference was more significant in ALL.
      Percent cytoreduction had no correlation with the remission rate or S-phase size.
      Therefore, we analyzed changes of cells in the S-phase of patients with untreated
      AML during chemotherapy. The reduction rate of cells in the S-phase of patients
      who obtained complete remission was significantly higher than that of patients
      who did not.

PMID- 6593481
TI  - [A case of sino-bronchiectasis associated with lack of HLA A, B and C antigens].

PMID- 6593482
TI  - Continuous culture of human melanoma cells in protein-free medium: establishment
      and partial characterization.
AB  - Human melanoma cells (MEC) continuously grown in protein-free RPMI-1640 medium
      were established. These cultured cells, designated "sf-MEC," grow well in
      suspension and have been successfully subcultured more than 100 passages for 30
      months with complete loss of serum requirement for their growth. Although sf-MEC
      as well as MEC had a moderate number of mature melanosomes in the cytoplasm, the
      tumorigenicity in nude mice was lower in sf-MEC than in MEC. In the tumor tissue
      formed by sf-MEC but not by MEC, a few immature melanosomes and an increased C
      type-like virus production were detected. Furthermore, conditioned medium of sf
      MEC stimulated DNA synthesis in both normal and transformed cells, including MEC
      and sf-MEC. Addition of the conditioned medium of sf-MEC in its cell growth assay
      caused a twofold to eighteenfold increase in cell number as compared to that for
      the control.

PMID- 6593483
TI  - Breast cancer as a risk factor for other primary malignant diseases. A nationwide
      cohort study.
AB  - A cohort comprising 11,452 women and based on virtually all cases of first
      incidence of breast cancer in Sweden in 1964-67 was followed for 13-16 completed
      years--corresponding to 94,078 person-years of observation--for the occurrence of
      subsequent primary tumors other than in the breast. A slight excess in the total
      number of second malignant diseases (695 observed vs. 633.7 expected; relative
      risk (RR) = 1.10) was possibly partly due to a higher autopsy rate with more
      frequent detection of preclinical cancers in the cohort than in the background
      population. A significant risk increase was confirmed for endometrial cancer
      after the age of 70 years (RR = 2.4; 95% confidence limits = 1.6-3.5) but not for
      ovarian cancer (RR = 1.2) or tumors of the large bowel (RR = 1.2), rectum (RR =
      1.1), or any other site. It was concluded that: 1) so many subgroups were
      analyzed in this study that the significant association with endometrial cancer
      might be due to the play of chance alone and, therefore, needs further
      confirmation, 2) there is no common genetically linked susceptibility to primary
      cancer of the breast and that of other sites, 3) the hypothesis that cancers of
      the breast and large bowel share major etiologic factors was not supported, and
      4) it is unlikely that secondary cancers significantly contribute to the late
      excess mortality in breast cancer patients.

PMID- 6593484
TI  - Reversal of deamination-related cytotoxicity of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine by
      tetrahydrouridine in human leukemia cells.
AB  - The present experiments were conducted to test the effects of the potent cytidine
      deaminase inhibitor tetrahydrouridine (THU) on the metabolism and cytotoxicity of
      5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Med-Cyd) in several human leukemia cell lines in
      vitro. It was observed that 5-Med-Cyd exerts its effects via deamination to
      thymidine, which is particularly toxic to human promyelocytic (HL-60) and T-cell
      (JM) leukemia cell lines in vitro. The deamination and the cytotoxicity of 5-Med
      Cyd were effectively hindered by 10(-3) M THU in 3-day cultures of HL-60 cells.
      Although the catabolism of [14C]5-Med-Cyd in the HL-60 cell cultures was blocked
      by THU, no radioactive 5-Med-Cyd was incorporated into DNA. The cytotoxicity and
      DNA incorporation of fluorodeoxycytidine are enhanced by THU. Unlike that
      compound 5-Med-Cyd resembled more bromodeoxycytidine and iododeoxycytidine; THU
      decreases the toxicity of both of these deoxycytidine analogues.

PMID- 6593485
TI  - Natural killer cell activity and autologous tumor killing activity in cancer
      patients: overlapping involvement of effector cells as determined in two-target
      conjugate cytotoxicity assay.
AB  - The relationship between natural killer (NK) cell activity and autologous tumor
      killing activity was examined in patients with carcinomatous pleural effusions
      (PE) by means of a two-target conjugate cytotoxicity assay. Enrichment of large
      granular lymphocyte(s) (LGL) by discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation
      resulted in an augmentation of cytotoxicity against both K562 cells and tumor
      cells freshly isolated from PE of the same patients in a 4-hour 51Cr release
      cytotoxicity assay. At the single-cell level, the LGL-enriched fraction contained
      an increased number of effector cells that bound to autologous tumor cells and to
      K562 cells, as well as an increased frequency of cells cytotoxic to these target
      cells. In the two-target conjugate cytotoxicity assay, a single lymphocyte in the
      LGL population simultaneously bound to both a fluorescein-labeled K562 cell and a
      nonfluorescent autologous tumor cell. A significant number of lymphocytes in
      these mixed two-target conjugates lysed both autologous tumor cells and K562
      cells after 6 hours' incubation, although overall lysis of K562 cells was higher
      than that of autologous tumor cells. These results indicate that a single LGL is
      involved in the lysis of both autologous tumor cells and K562 cells and thus
      provide direct evidence of involvement of subsets of NK cells in autologous tumor
      cell killing.

PMID- 6593486
TI  - Sarcomas of soft tissues after Vietnam service.
AB  - Vietnam service and military service experiences of 281 men with sarcomas of soft
      tissues were compared in this epidemiologic study to a control group of men
      derived from driver's license files and matched on 5-year period of birth and ZIP
      code of residence. No direct association was found for service in Vietnam (odds
      ratio, 0.53; confidence limits, 0.21-1.31) or for any military service (odds
      ratio, 0.53; confidence limits, 0.37-0.76). A multivariate matched logistic
      regression analysis showed similar results for Vietnam service while controlling
      for military service. Results also were similar when the 130 cases who had died
      were compared to a second control group derived from death certificates. Finally,
      no significant associations were found for "Agent Orange" or other variables that
      might be related to herbicide exposure.

PMID- 6593487
TI  - Soft tissue sarcoma and exposure to phenoxyherbicides and chlorophenols in New
      Zealand.
AB  - Phenoxyherbicides, including (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (CAS: 93-76-5),
      have been widely used in New Zealand for over 30 years. In the light of Swedish
      studies reporting an association between exposure to phenoxyherbicides or
      chlorophenols and soft tissue sarcoma, a case-control study was undertaken that
      involved interviewing 82 subjects (cases) with soft tissue sarcoma and 92
      controls with other types of cancer. For those potentially exposed to
      phenoxyherbicides for more than 1 day not in the 5 years before cancer
      registration, the estimate of relative risk was 1.3, with 90% confidence limits
      of 0.6-2.5. The comparable relative risk estimate for chlorophenol exposure was
      1.5, with 90% confidence limits of 0.5-4.5. The discovery of cases in
      trichlorophenol manufacturing plants in the United States lended support to the
      Swedish findings, but further studies are needed to conclude whether human
      exposure to these chemicals truly increases the risk of soft tissue sarcoma.

PMID- 6593488
TI  - Mammary carcinoma arising in mice undergoing a chronic graft-versus-host
      reaction.
AB  - A graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) was induced in 30 (CBA X A)F1 mice by the iv
      injection of 50 X 10(6) parental strain A lymphoid cells. Solid tumors emerged in
      5 of 10 experimental animals that survived beyond 14 months after the GVHR was
      initiated. The neoplasms were judged to be mammary carcinomas by light and
      electron microscopic examinations. C-type RNA viral structures were observed in
      some tumor cells. The neoplasms were successfully transplanted into syngeneic
      animals by either sc or ip injections of tumor cell suspensions. Tumor transfer
      to syngeneic mice was not possible if only spleen cells from tumor-bearing
      animals were transferred. No tumors developed in an age-matched control group
      that received no treatment.

PMID- 6593490
TI  - Irradiation-hyperthermia in canine hemangiopericytomas: large-animal model for
      therapeutic response.
AB  - Results of irradiation-hyperthermia treatment in 11 dogs with naturally occurring
      hemangiopericytoma were reported. Similarities of canine and human
      hemangiopericytomas were described. Orthovoltage X-irradiation followed by
      microwave-induced hyperthermia resulted in a 91% objective response rate. A
      statistical procedure was given to evaluate quantitatively the clinical behavior
      of locally invasive, nonmetastatic tumors in dogs that were undergoing therapy
      for control of local disease. The procedure used a small sample size and
      demonstrated distribution of the data on a scaled response as well as
      transformation of the data through classical parametric and nonparametric
      statistical methods. These statistical methods set confidence limits on the
      population mean and placed tolerance limits on a population percentage.
      Application of the statistical methods to human and animal clinical trials was
      apparent.

PMID- 6593489
TI  - Papillomas on fish exposed to chlorinated wastewater effluent.
AB  - The presence of carcinogenic and mutagenic chemical(s) in the effluent of a
      wastewater treatment plant was indicated by papillomas developing on caged black
      bullheads (Ictalurus melas), hepatic enzyme induction in exposed fish, and Ames
      test mutagenicity of organic extracts of the wastewater. Although virus-like
      particles have been reported in papillomas of several other fish species, no
      evidence was obtained for the presence of viruses in the black bullhead
      papillomas. Mutagenic and carcinogenic chemicals were not identified in the
      wastewater, but chlorination was implicated as a factor contributing to the
      induction of the papillomas. The prevalence of papillomas on wild black bullheads
      exposed to the effluent decreased from 73 to 23% after the amount of residual
      chlorine (CAS: 7782-50-5) in the effluent leaving the chlorine contact chamber
      was reduced from 1.3-3.1 mg/liter to 0.25-1.2 mg/liter.

PMID- 6593491
TI  - Strain and sex differences in N-nitrosohexamethyleneimine carcinogenesis in NZB,
      NZC, NZO, and NZY mice.
AB  - The carcinogenic activity of N-nitrosohexamethyleneimine [(NHEX) CAS: 932-83-2;
      hexahydro-1-nitroso-1H-azepine] was studied in male and female mice of the four
      inbred strains NZB/BlGd, NZC/BlGd, NZO/BlGd, and NZY/BlGd. A total of 158 mice
      received NHEX treatment; 1,338 untreated controls were used, all kept under
      identical laboratory conditions for their natural life-spans. Beginning at age 50
      days a 1.56-mM NHEX solution (200 mg/liter) was given instead of drinking water
      for 8 weeks, which resulted in nearly the same total dosage of 0.7 +/- 0.04 g or
      5.7 +/- 0.2 mmol NHEX/kg body weight in both sexes of all four strains. In both
      sexes of all four strains the main types of tumors after NHEX treatment were
      squamous papillomas and carcinomas of the esophagus, squamous stomach, and
      oropharynx and hepatocellular carcinomas. Tumors of the hepatic bile ducts,
      glandular stomach, and lung and malignant lymphomas were also induced by NHEX,
      but these tumors had a predilection for certain strains only. The incidences of
      other tumors characteristic of the untreated mice in each particular strain, such
      as tumors of the ovary in NZC, tumors of the breast in NZY, and tumors of the
      duodenum in NZO, were not increased significantly by NHEX treatment. The
      incidence of main tumor types in NHEX-treated mice varied greatly between
      strains, e.g., esophageal papillomas and carcinomas in 81% of male NZC versus 32%
      in male NZB mice. Some marked sex differences also emerged in NHEX-treated
      animals, e.g., the occurrence of liver angiosarcomas only in males of three
      strains and the 53% incidence of hepatocellular tumors in male NZY mice compared
      to the absence of liver tumors in female NZY mice.

PMID- 6593492
TI  - Induction of transplantable melanoma by treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N
      nitrosoguanidine in an inbred strain of the teleost Oryzias latipes.
AB  - Adult fish of two different inbred strains (HO4C and HB32C) of Oryzias latipes
      that were established in this laboratory were exposed for 2 hours to an aqueous
      solution of the carcinogen N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine [(MNNG) CAS: 70
      25-7; 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine] at concentrations from 20 to 100 ppm.
      The acute toxicity and carcinogenicity of MNNG differed between two inbred
      strains. Almost no tumors were observed in strain HO4C fish, although these fish
      were sensitive to the acute toxicity of MNNG, with the median lethal dose being
      28 ppm at 48 hours after the treatment. In contrast, in the HB32C strain, a dose
      related tumorigenic response was observed, with the median lethal dose being 38
      ppm at 48 hours after treatment. Most MNNG-induced tumors were considered
      amelanotic melanomas on the basis of histologic findings and a positive dopa
      reaction in selected samples. By the technique of transplantation of tumor tissue
      into the eye chamber and intraperitoneal cavity of fish of the syngeneic strain,
      serial transplantation of the tumor was successful. Tumor transplantation into
      one of the allogeneic strains (HO5) was also successful. The tumors have now been
      serially grown in the eye chambers in syngeneic fish for more than 14
      generations.

PMID- 6593493
TI  - Effects of 17 beta-estradiol and diethylstilbestrol on concurrent development of
      hepatic, mammary, and pituitary tumors in WF rats: evidence for differential
      effect on liver.
AB  - 17 beta-Estradiol [(E2) CAS: 50-28-2; estradiol] and diethylstilbestrol [(DES)
      CAS: 56-53-1; alpha-alpha'-diethyl-4,4'-stilbenediol] were compared to determine
      their tumor-inducing abilities in tissue. After castration at 40 days of age,
      inbred male WF rats received a pellet of either 5.0 mg DES or 5.0 mg E2.
      Approximately half of the rats that had been given DES or E2 were further given
      at 50-55 days of age 5.0 mg N-nitrosobutylurea [(NBU) CAS: 869-01-2; 1-butyl-1
      nitrosourea] in their drinking water each day for 30 days. None of the castrated
      rats given E2 alone developed hepatic tumors (HT). Even further addition of NBU
      did not elicit any HT. Conversely, E2 treatment as well as DES treatment, whether
      administrated alone or in combination with NBU, resulted in an increase in the
      incidence of pituitary tumors (PT) and in the mean pituitary weight. The data
      indicate that E2 was ineffective in inducing HT in castrated male rats, whereas
      E2 showed an ability to induce PT similar to that of DES. In addition, E2 was not
      as able to induce as many mammary tumors as DES was able to induce. There was no
      significant synergism between E2 and NBU in contrast to that between DES and NBU
      in mammary tumorigenesis, whereas these two estrogens had a similar effect in
      causing an increase in the pituitary weight. This study, therefore, suggests that
      the carcinogenic effect of estrogens may not always correlate with their
      estrogenic effect and further confirms the noninvolvement of prolactin in hepatic
      tumorigenesis.

PMID- 6593494
TI  - Proliferative lesions found in rat kidneys after a single dose of cisplatin.
AB  - Proliferative lesions in inbred F344 rat kidneys were studied at 6 and 15 months
      after a single injection of 6 mg cisplatin [CAS: 15663-27-1; cis
      diamminedichloroplatinum (ll)]/kg body weight. Solid or cystic lesions developed
      from altered proximal tubular epithelial cells. The lesions affecting the renal
      proximal tubules had both granular (organelle-rich) and clear (organelle-poor)
      variants. These altered cells retained microvilli and contained numerous
      lysosomes, mitochondria, and abundant rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and
      free ribosomes. In addition, papillary hyperplasia was seen at 15 months and
      involved the epithelium lining the renal papilla. The hyperplastic changes of the
      papillary epithelium were morphologically similar to those produced by other
      drugs.

PMID- 6593496
TI  - Reconstruction of the post-mastectomy patient.

PMID- 6593495
TI  - Decreased thiosulfate sulfur transferase (rhodanese) in Leber's hereditary optic
      atrophy.
AB  - In mammals the major portion of cyanide is converted to thiocyanate by the liver
      enzyme thiosulfate sulfur transferase (TST) (rhodanese). We have found a much
      reduced activity of this enzyme in liver biopsies from two affected males of a
      family with Leber's hereditary optic atrophy and in two isolated cases of the
      same disease, (compared to liver biopsies from controls or liver samples obtained
      at autopsy). In one of the patients we studied the effect of a 3-day thiosulfate
      infusion. The urinary excretion of thiocyanate which was low prior to the
      infusion was raised during the thiosulfate treatment; in a healthy control person
      the same thiosulfate infusion did not alter the thiocyanate excretion rate. This
      suggests that cyanide detoxification which is suboptimal in patients with Leber's
      disease may be increased by thiosulfate infusion.

PMID- 6593497
TI  - Changing antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus hand infections.

PMID- 6593498
TI  - Gastric remnant cancer following procedures for benign ulcer disease--a twenty
      five year review.

PMID- 6593499
TI  - Segmental hyperhidrosis preceding chickenpox.

PMID- 6593500
TI  - Perinatal educational programs and perinatal outcomes.

PMID- 6593502
TI  - Diagnosing and managing chronic pain syndrome.

PMID- 6593501
TI  - Chlamydia trachomatis in a rural obstetrical population.

PMID- 6593503
TI  - "Think yeast"--the expanding spectrum of candidiasis.

PMID- 6593504
TI  - Anorexia nervosa and bulimia: questions and answers for school personnel.
AB  - By understanding the signs and symptoms of anorexia and bulimia, school personnel
      can play a vital role in the early detection and treatment measures necessary to
      successful treatment. This article answers questions most commonly asked about
      eating disorders by school personnel. It provides specific information about
      early detection measures, approaches to use when confronting the suspected
      student, and methods to facilitate entry into treatment.

PMID- 6593505
TI  - Comparison of the physical characteristics of the molybdate-stabilized
      glucocorticoid receptor from rat, pig and human tissues.
AB  - The molybdate-stabilized glucocorticoid receptor in cytosol preparations from
      rat, pig and human thymus, rat liver and CEM-C7 human leukaemic lymphoblasts was
      characterized as its complex with [1,2,4-3H]triamcinolone acetonide, by gel
      filtration on Sephacryl S-300 and by ultracentrifugation on sucrose density
      gradients. At low ionic strength, the complex from all sources was detected as a
      species with a sedimentation coefficient of 9.1-9.6S and a Stokes radius of 5.70
      5.80 nm (form I); this form is believed to represent the non-transformed,
      undegraded complex. Exposure to 0.4 M KCl in the presence of molybdate resulted,
      in all cases, in the generation of a smaller form (form II) with a sedimentation
      coefficient of 4.5-4.8S and a Stokes radius of 4.70-4.77 nm. Form II has been
      shown to possess properties characteristic of the transformed (activated) state.
      It is concluded that the glucocorticoid receptor shows pronounced interspecies
      and intertissue similarities, and that pig thymus may represent a convenient
      source of tissue for glucocorticoid receptor purification.

PMID- 6593506
TI  - Partial characterization of the microsomal and solubilized hypothalamic
      progesterone 5 alpha-reductase.
AB  - Microsomal progesterone 5 alpha-reductase activity from female rat hypothalamus
      has been solubilized and partially characterized in terms of kinetic and physical
      properties. The solubilization of progesterone 5 alpha-reductase has been
      accomplished through the use of a digitonin/KCL-extraction. Both the microsomal
      and solubilized enzyme activities exhibit similar kinetic and physical
      characteristics. These include their apparent Km for progesterone (Microsomal Km
      = 113 +/- 11 nM; solubilized Km = 144 +/- 20 nM) and their affinity
      (approximately 7 nM) for the 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone analog, 4-aza-4-methyl-5
      alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione, which is a potent inhibitor of progesterone 5 alpha
      reduction. Both activities are inhibited by divalent cations (Zn2+ and Cu2+) and
      the sulfhydryl-blocking agent p-chloromercuribenzoic acid. Studies aimed at
      optimizing isolation and assay conditions for the hypothalamic progesterone 5
      alpha-reductase indicate that the microsomal activity is enhanced in the presence
      of monovalent cations (particularly K+ and Li+) and the metal chelator EDTA, but
      is unaffected by the sulfhydryl reducing agent dithiothreitol. The activity of
      the solubilized enzyme is also enhanced by EDTA but slightly stimulated by
      dithiothreitol. Analysis of hypothalamic progesterone 5 alpha-reduction for
      possible flavin involvement (as a hydride carrier between NADPH and the steroid)
      indicates that the enzyme activity is decreased by high levels of flavins, flavin
      analogs and riboflavin deficiency.

PMID- 6593507
TI  - Estrone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfatase activities in guinea-pig uterus and
      liver: estrogenic effect of estrone sulfate.
AB  - Estrone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) sulfatase activities were studied in the
      uterus and liver of female guinea-pigs (albino variety). The two activities were
      found in particulates, with the highest specific activity in microsomes. The
      effects of pH, buffers, temperature and the non-competitive inhibition of DHA
      sulfate on estrone sulfatase provided arguments for the existence of two distinct
      sulfatases. However, acrylamide gel electrophoresis of the solubilized microsome
      sulfatases gave a single peak for the two activities. In the uterus, the apparent
      Km of estrone and DHA sulfatases were 26.4 and 15.6 microM. Solubilized
      microsomal estrone sulfatase was inhibited by unconjugated steroids. The apparent
      Km of estrone sulfatase in liver was 10.7 microM. Estrone and DHA sulfatase
      activities were consistently lower in liver than in uterus and no DHA sulfatase
      activity was detected in fetal liver. In the uterus, the same sulfatase
      activities were found in female fetuses, castrated or mature females. Estrone
      sulfatase was significantly increased in the uterus of pregnant females (60-65
      days gestation). Estrone sulfate was injected in vivo into mature castrated
      females. A significant increase in uterine weight and in uterine progesterone
      receptors was observed. The cytosol progesterone receptors were characterized by
      their Kd (1.40 nM) and by sucrose density gradient. It is concluded that the
      variations of estrone sulfatase activity in target tissues like the uterus may
      control the intracellular levels of biologically active estrogens.

PMID- 6593509
TI  - Cell differentiation and therapeutic effect of low doses of cytosine arabinoside
      in human myeloid leukemia.
AB  - Bone marrow cells from 2 patients over 60 years of age with acute myeloblastic
      (AML) or monoblastic (AMoL) leukemia were cultured in the presence of a low dose
      of cytosine arabinoside. In the cells from the AML patient this treatment induced
      differentiation to metamyelocytes and a decrease in the number of blasts, so that
      there was an 11-fold increase in the ratio of differentiated myeloid cells to
      blasts. In the patient with AMoL there was differentiation to monocytes and
      macrophages and only a 3-fold increase in the ratio of differentiated myeloid
      cells to blasts. In the latter patient actinomycin D was a more potent inducer of
      differentiation than cytosine arabinoside, daunomycin was similar to cytosine
      arabinoside and adriamycin showed the lowest response. Four courses of low dose
      treatment with cytosine arabinoside produced remission in the patient with AML
      and in another patient with AMoL whose cells were not tested in culture. No
      remission was induced by this low dose treatment in the patient with AMoL whose
      cells showed only a small decrease in blast cells in culture with cytosine
      arabinoside. It is suggested that prescreening for effective compounds in
      patients with myeloid leukemias and the use of low dose therapy can be of help in
      obtaining remission without serious side effects. This could be especially useful
      in patients where there may be severe toxic effects after high dose chemotherapy.

PMID- 6593508
TI  - Conversion of testosterone and progesterone to oestrone by the ovary of the rat
      embryo in organ culture.
AB  - Ovaries from 19- and 20-day old rat embryos were cultured in the presence of
      [3H]testosterone and [3H]progesterone respectively, and the conversion of these
      precursors into [3H]oestrone and [3H]oestradiol was studied. By adding tracer
      amounts of [14C]oestrone and [14C]oestradiol to the culture media at the
      beginning of the analysis and crystallizing oestrone and oestradiol to constant
      specific activity, a conversion percentage could be calculated. There was no
      oestradiol formation either from progesterone or from testosterone. Oestrone was
      formed in measurable amounts from both precursors. It is concluded that in the
      ovary of the 19-20-day old rat embryo 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase favors
      the formation of oestrone.

PMID- 6593510
TI  - Tumoricidal activity of an acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60) is
      augmented by human interferon alpha.
AB  - Normal human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and cells from
      a human acute promyelocytic leukemia line (HL-60) were tested for cytotoxic
      potential against two human glioma and one normal fibroblast line. Both the PMNs
      and HL-60 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against the tumor targets while
      sparing the normal fibroblasts. However, the two glioma cell lines were not
      equally susceptible to the effector cells. Addition of low levels of purified
      human lymphoblastoid interferon alpha (IFN) during the assay period significantly
      enhanced the tumoricidal effect against one of the glioma targets. HL-60 cells,
      partially differentiated to myelocytes and metamyelocytes by incubation with
      dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), expressed reduced levels of cytotoxicity; IFN added
      during the assay was able to restore the cytotoxic activity against both glioma
      cell lines. Undifferentiated HL-60 cells were also able to lyse K562 targets in a
      six hour 51Cr release assay; this activity was also significantly enhanced by
      IFN. Separate incubation of both effectors and targets proved that the
      enhancement of cytotoxic activity demonstrated was due to an effect on the HL-60
      effector cells. In contrast, the lysis of HSB-2, another NK sensitive target
      cell, was not enhanced by the addition of IFN to a mixture of HSB-2 and HL-60
      cells. Pretreatment of effector and target cells separately with IFN demonstrated
      a dual effect: IFN both protected HSB-2 targets from lysis by the HL-60 effectors
      and induced significantly greater cytotoxicity by HL-60 cells.

PMID- 6593511
TI  - Further studies on mechanisms of abnormal prostaglandin response by chronic
      myelogenous leukaemia granulocyte/macrophage progenitors.
AB  - Prostaglandins of the E series (PGE) have varying effects in vitro on normal
      granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) progenitors. When added directly to cultures, PGE
      inhibits growth of normal 7 and 14 day bone marrow CFU-GM in a dose-dependent
      manner, while CML CFU-GM are refractory to PGE inhibition. The plant diterpene
      forskalin, a potent activator of intracellular cyclic AMP, inhibited normal and
      CML CFU-GM, indicating that the response of CML cells to increased intracellular
      cyclic AMP is normal. Low dose forskalin, which potentiates activators of adenyl
      cyclase, showed additive effects with PGE on normal CFU-GM cells, however, showed
      no additive effects of PGE and forskalin, suggesting that PGE failed to activate
      adenyl cyclase. Normal CFU-GM incubated with PGE for two hours showed a
      significant increase in CFU-GM growth, and removal of adherent cells prior to
      exposure to PGE abrogated this effect. CML cells did not respond to a 2-h
      exposure to PGE, and removal of adherent cells from these cultures had no effect.
      Normal and CML CFU-GM showed dose-dependent increases in proliferation in the
      presence of PGF2. These studies confirm that CML CFC-GM are refractory to
      inhibition by PGE, and show that these cells respond normally to increased levels
      of intracellular cyclic AMP. Response of CML cells to PGF2 alpha is normal, and
      conversion of PGE to PGF could result in increased granulocyte progenitor
      proliferation.

PMID- 6593512
TI  - Antibodies to primate retrovirus antigens in circulating immune complexes of
      patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
AB  - Circulating immune complexes were isolated from sera of 8 patients with acute
      myeloid leukemia (AML) in relapse, and 20 healthy blood donors. F(ab')2 fragments
      were prepared from the isolated complexes. Using a radioimmunoassay (RIA), these
      F(ab')2 fragments, the undigested complexes and the original sera were examined
      for the presence of antibodies against a panel of primate retrovirus antigens:
      gp70, p15 and p30 of gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV) and baboon endogenous virus
      (BaEV). F(ab')2 fragments derived from the immune complexes of all patients
      reacted with one or more of the antigens tested, whereas no antibody activity was
      found in the sera or undigested immune complexes of the same patients. By a
      competitive RIA, antigens related to GaLV and/or BaEV were found in the serum of
      7 out of 8 patients. No markers of these retroviruses were detected in the
      F(ab')2 preparations, in immune complexes or in sera of any of the 20 control
      subjects. Our results indicate that a part of the circulating immune complexes in
      AML contain antigens related to primate retroviruses and specific antibodies to
      these antigens.

PMID- 6593513
TI  - ["Beautiful teeth" contest for mothers and children (1)].

PMID- 6593514
TI  - [Non-cariogenicity of coupling sugar].

PMID- 6593515
TI  - [Adjustment of complete dentures with the balanced occludator. Use of lingualized
      occlusion].

PMID- 6593516
TI  - [Orthodontic work during the eruption of the permanent incisors].

PMID- 6593518
TI  - [Total energy absorbed by patient under radiographic irradiation (integral dose),
      with special reference to dental radiography].

PMID- 6593517
TI  - [New trends in the restoration of molars].

PMID- 6593519
TI  - [Caries activity test and its significance].

PMID- 6593520
TI  - [Hepatitis B among dentists in the Kyobashi district].

PMID- 6593522
TI  - [Telescopic system in the follow-up care of partial dentures].

PMID- 6593521
TI  - [Orthodontic movement of impacted maxillary front teeth].

PMID- 6593523
TI  - [Surgical orthodontics (1). Oral surgery].

PMID- 6593524
TI  - [Surgical orthodontics (2). Corrective orthodontics].

PMID- 6593525
TI  - [Clinical studies of blade implantation].

PMID- 6593526
TI  - [Dental anesthesia].

PMID- 6593527
TI  - [New methods of local anesthesia--the Gow-Gates' mandibular block and the
      periodontal ligament injection].

PMID- 6593528
TI  - [Clinical use of 4-META resin].

PMID- 6593529
TI  - [Correction of the mesial reclining of the second molar caused by the loss of the
      first molar].

PMID- 6593530
TI  - [Protection of dental pulp and dentin with prophylactic dental materials].

PMID- 6593531
TI  - [Temporary and adhesive cements with HY material].

PMID- 6593532
TI  - [Insurance for the aged--aims and problems of the legislation].

PMID- 6593533
TI  - [Geriatric dentistry--psychology of the aged patients].

PMID- 6593534
TI  - [Anesthetic management of the aged].

PMID- 6593535
TI  - [Health management of patients with periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6593536
TI  - [Geriatric dentistry--tooth extraction and surgical preparation for dentures].

PMID- 6593537
TI  - [Geriatric dentistry. Prosthetic management of edentulous patients].

PMID- 6593538
TI  - [Characteristics of geriatric diseases].

PMID- 6593539
TI  - [Unique aspect of geriatric dentistry].

PMID- 6593540
TI  - [Frequently used orthodontic instruments (1). How to use the inclined plane].

PMID- 6593541
TI  - [Use of intravenous diazepam].

PMID- 6593542
TI  - [Resuscitation methods today].

PMID- 6593543
TI  - [Orthodontic work on abnormal jaws].

PMID- 6593544
TI  - [Age estimation from dental characteristics].

PMID- 6593545
TI  - [Newly developed composite resin-type adhesives and their clinical use].

PMID- 6593546
TI  - [Apatite implantation].

PMID- 6593548
TI  - [Root canal enlargement, preparation and cleaning].

PMID- 6593547
TI  - [Characteristics of dental cements and their use].

PMID- 6593549
TI  - [Oral health of children in Chuo-ku, Tokyo. Sequential investigative report].

PMID- 6593550
TI  - [Complex inlay design for molars].

PMID- 6593551
TI  - [Plaque control guidance for the patients with partial dentures].

PMID- 6593552
TI  - [Crown restoration in pedodontics (1)].

PMID- 6593553
TI  - [Aging and dental insurance].

PMID- 6593554
TI  - [Beautiful teeth contest for mothers and children].

PMID- 6593555
TI  - [Chronic facial pains].

PMID- 6593556
TI  - [Dentistry in mass communication].

PMID- 6593557
TI  - [Salivary gland diseases, with special reference to clinical and pathological
      characteristics].

PMID- 6593558
TI  - [Introduction to clinical orthodontics].

PMID- 6593559
TI  - Deficient immunity in head and neck cancer due to excessive monocyte production
      of prostaglandins.
AB  - Monocytes from patients with head and neck cancer produce excessive PGE2 which
      seems to be associated with decreased lymphoproliferation in vitro. This may be a
      pathological exaggeration of a normal homeostatic mechanism. It is speculated
      that a stimulus for excessive PGE2 production could be immune complexes. Although
      PGE2 suppresses many important immune processes relevant for neoplasia, it can
      also have complex and diverse effects on tumor cells. Caution should be exercised
      with human trials of prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors such as indomethacin.

PMID- 6593560
TI  - Biochemical analysis of the polymorphism of three HLA-D region antigens.
AB  - Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analyses of immunoprecipitates of the HLA-D
      region antigens revealed three beta (Mr 28 X 10(3) to 30 X 10(3) structurally
      polymorphic polypeptides. Analyses of the nonglycosylated beta polypeptides
      indicated that their polymorphism is most probably due to variations in amino
      acid structure. The polymorphism has been examined using lymphoblastoid cell
      lines that were derived from different geographical populations (North European
      and Italian) and that expressed various HLA-DR alloantigenic specificities. The
      results confirm that the positional variation of one beta polypeptide (namely
      beta-1) correlated with the HLA-DR allospecificity and was not influenced by the
      ethnic origin of the individual donating the cells. The positional variation of a
      second beta polypeptide (namely beta-2) was consistent with strong linkage dis
      equilibrium between the corresponding genetic locus and the HLA-DR locus.
      Further, the association with a particular HLA-DR allospecificity was population
      dependent; that is, different beta-2 polypeptides were associated with the same
      HLA-DR specificity in different geographical populations. In contrast, the
      position of the third beta polypeptide (namely, beta-3) which corresponds to the
      HLA-DC locus, did not necessarily vary with the HLA-DR specificity; that is,
      apparently the same beta-3 polypeptide was associated with different HLA-DR
      specificities provided the cells were of the same ethnic origin. The data
      indicate that lymphoblastoid cells express at least three sets of HLA-D region
      antigens that are encoded by different loci including HLA-DR and DC.

PMID- 6593561
TI  - pac sites are indispensable for in vivo packaging of DNA by phage P22.
AB  - F' pro+ plasmids were selected and used as donors to prepare P22 transducing
      phages. Two types of result were observed. pro+ from type I donors cannot be
      packaged by wild-type P22 to yield transducing particles unless a prophage pac
      site is introduced into the plasmid. Transposon Tn10 also allows initiation of
      packaging. pro+ from type II plasmids can be transduced with the same efficiency
      as pro+ DNA on the chromosome, indicating that a chromosomal pac site was
      included when the F' pro+ was excised from the Hfr strain. The usefulness of type
      I plasmids as a test substrate for pac signals is discussed.

PMID- 6593562
TI  - Coupled transcription--translation in extracts of Streptomyces lividans.
AB  - A coupled transcription-translation system has been developed using extracts of
      Streptomyces lividans. Analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed
      that proteins of the expected sizes were produced in systems programmed by pBR
      322 or the Streptomyces plasmid pIJ 350. Also, linear forms of these plasmids
      retained template activity with no apparent loss of fidelity.

PMID- 6593563
TI  - Meiotic pairing behavior of two free duplications of linkage group I in
      Caenorhabditis elegans.
AB  - In this paper we describe the meiotic pairing behavior of two free duplications
      in Caenorhabditis elegans. sDp1 is a duplication of approximately 30 map units of
      the right portion of linkage group I including unc-74 to unc-54. This duplication
      pairs, recombines, and apparently segregates from one of the normal homologues. A
      second duplication, sDp2, is a duplication of approximately 15 map units of the
      left portion of the linkage group. sDp2 was not observed to recombine with the
      normal homologue but did suppress exchange between the two normal homologues in a
      sDp2/ ++/ dpy-5 unc-35 heterozygote. Although a number of free duplications have
      been described previously in Caenorhabditis elegans, none of these have been
      shown to pair with normal homologues. The meiotic behavior of the duplications
      described in this paper can be understood assuming the existence in C. elegans
      chromosomes of pairing sites of the type described in D. melanogaster chromosomes
      (I. Sandler 1956; Hawley 1980).

PMID- 6593564
TI  - Expression of a streptokinase gene from Streptococcus equisimilis in
      Streptococcus sanguis.
AB  - Using recombinant DNA techniques, we introduced a previously cloned streptokinase
      gene from Streptococcus equisimilis into the Challis strain of S. sanguis (group
      H). The gene was expressed in the new host under the control of its own promoter
      and the gene product had biological properties identical to authentic
      streptokinase. However, the molecular weight of cloned streptokinase (42 K) as
      expressed by S. sanguis was substantially lower than that of authentic
      streptokinase (47 K). Since the cloned streptokinase gene encoded a 47 K mature
      protein, the lowered molecular weight of S. sanguis streptokinase may reflect
      posttranslational proteolytic cleavage, which leaves the biological activity of
      the gene product and its serological reactivity unimpaired.

PMID- 6593566
TI  - Age of appearance of IgG, IgM, and IgE antibodies specific for Loa loa in
      Gabonese children.
AB  - IgG, IgM, and IgE antibodies against the filaria Loa loa were measured in
      umbilical cord blood and in blood from young Gabonese children by an ELISA
      technique using a homologous metabolic antigen. For children in eight consecutive
      age groups and adults the percentage of the population positive for each of the
      antibody classes was determined. The number of children with maternal IgG
      decreased until one year of age when new synthesis began to become apparent. IgM
      antibodies were detected only after six months, probably indicating an early
      infancy as opposed to a fetal infection. The percentage of individuals positive
      for IgM or IgE reached a peak between two and three years old, followed by a
      slight decline. Over half of the individuals over one year of age had IgM
      antibody against L. loa, indicating long-term synthesis of this class of
      immunoglobulin in many people. In the first two years of life, IgE antibodies
      were usually accompanied by L. loa-specific IgM. This specific IgE did not appear
      to trigger the synthesis of nonspecific IgE. By the age of two, 95% of the
      population had some antibodies against L. loa and by five the percentage of
      individuals positive for each antibody class had reached adult levels.

PMID- 6593565
TI  - Identification of the minimal essential region for the replication origin of
      miniF plasmid.
AB  - The minimal replication origin of miniF plasmid was found to lie within a region
      of 217 bp in length. This region contains an AT cluster and the four 19 bp direct
      repeats responsible for incompatibility, termed incB. Its location coincides with
      hat of ori2 of plasmid F, previously inferred to be the replication starting
      point by electron microscopic analysis (Eichenlaub et al. 1981).

PMID- 6593567
TI  - [Malignant epithelial tumors of the oral cavity (I)].

PMID- 6593568
TI  - [Malignant epithelial tumors of the oral cavity (II)].

PMID- 6593569
TI  - [Preventive extraction of lower wisdom teeth: review of the literature (I)].

PMID- 6593570
TI  - [Preventive extraction of lower wisdom teeth: review of the literature (II)].

PMID- 6593571
TI  - [New factors in vaccination against dental caries].

PMID- 6593572
TI  - [Cytology and diagnosis of oral cancers. Results (I)].

PMID- 6593573
TI  - [Cytology and diagnosis of oral cancers. Results (II)].

PMID- 6593574
TI  - Genetic engineering of superabundant endogenous growth hormone (GH) for
      prevention of short stature in genetically predisposed children without pituitary
      GH deficiency.

PMID- 6593575
TI  - Low-dose cytarabine in acute myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - A series of 20 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia received treatment with
      cytarabine administered as a single agent at a low dose of 10 mg/m2 every 12
      hours for 14-21 days. Complete remission was achieved in six patients (30%), and
      partial remission in nine patients (45%). These 15 patients survived for periods
      from two to 15 months, and six patients were still alive at the time of writing
      the report. A significant reduction in the blood counts, which began seven to 14
      days after initiation of the treatment, occurred in all patients who responded to
      therapy. The time interval from the lowest blood counts to recovery ranged from
      six to 21 days, and there were no treatment-related deaths. The current status
      of, and the future prospects for, low-dose cytarabine therapy in patients with
      acute myeloid leukaemia is discussed.

PMID- 6593576
TI  - Recurrent testicular infiltrates following radiation therapy for lymphoid
      malignancy.
AB  - From a group of 28 patients with biopsy-proven testicular leukemia seen at our
      institution since 1979, we describe two boys with lymphoid malignancy who,
      subsequent to 1,800 rad and 2,400 rad testicular radiation, had second overt
      testicular relapses. This experience suggests that these patients need careful
      follow-up physical examinations, that higher doses may be needed for prolonged
      local control, and that there may be a role for follow-up testicular biopsies.

PMID- 6593577
TI  - Classification of the acute leukemias.

PMID- 6593578
TI  - [Functional aspects and structure of reactive secondary dentin under scanning
      electron microscopy].

PMID- 6593579
TI  - [Cariogenic pathogenicity and Streptococcus mutans. Epidemiological studies of
      adult subjects with permanent dentition].

PMID- 6593580
TI  - [Determination and assessment of dental anomalies in deciduous dentition in
      relation to orthodontic problems].

PMID- 6593581
TI  - [Impacted teeth: diagnostic and therapeutic problems].

PMID- 6593582
TI  - [Statistical study of the incidence of agenesis in a sample of 447 cases of
      dysgnathia].

PMID- 6593583
TI  - [Radiological aspects of cherubism].

PMID- 6593584
TI  - [An ESCA (electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis) study of the degradation
      of the surface of glass ionomeric cements in a wet environment].

PMID- 6593585
TI  - [Clinical aspects of gingival curettage].

PMID- 6593586
TI  - [Biological integration of free gingival grafts. A histochemical and
      ultrastructural study].

PMID- 6593587
TI  - [Pulpal and dentinal responses to glass ionomer cement].

PMID- 6593588
TI  - [Permeability to bacterial flora in restorations done with composite materials
      and the use of a new dentin adhesive].

PMID- 6593589
TI  - [Long-term evaluation of the effect of sodium diclofenac used in direct pulp
      capping].

PMID- 6593591
TI  - [Modulability of the surgical intervention to correct maxillofacial dysmorphism
      in light of new interpretive concepts of profile esthetics].

PMID- 6593590
TI  - [Experimental test of the reactivity of subcutaneous connective tissue in rats to
      endodontic materials].

PMID- 6593592
TI  - [Unilateral TMJ pseudankylosis].

PMID- 6593593
TI  - [Clinical contribution of 370 cases of fractures of the orbital-malar-zygomatic
      complex].

PMID- 6593594
TI  - [Necrosis of the maxillary bone after the Caldwell-Luc intervention].

PMID- 6593595
TI  - [Maxillofacial injuries in sports practice: the martial arts].

PMID- 6593596
TI  - Oral appliances in injury prevention and performance modification in athletics.

PMID- 6593597
TI  - Terminal transferase activity and lymphoblastic neoplasms.

PMID- 6593598
TI  - Genetic manipulation: agency tries out regulations.

PMID- 6593599
TI  - The importance of age on prostaglandin E2 excretion in normal and hypertensive
      men.
AB  - Previous studies have shown reduced levels and total urinary excretion of
      prostaglandin E2 in a heterogeneous population of patients with hypertension. The
      following study was undertaken to extend these observations to focus on the
      influence of age and blood pressure on renal prostaglandin E2 excretion in males.
      Four groups of human subjects were studied on an ad libitum diet of at least 2 g
      salt per day: group 1 consisted of normal young men; group 2 consisted of young
      men with essential hypertension; group 3 consisted of older nonhypertensive men;
      group 4 consisted of older hypertensive men. Reduced urinary prostaglandin E2
      excretion was seen in the elderly hypertensive group but not the young
      hypertensives. Thus, when all hypertensives were compared to control the reduced
      prostaglandin E2 excretion was accounted for primarily by the elderly
      hypertensives. The reduction of prostaglandin E2 excretion could not be accounted
      for by normal ageing alone. Whether cause or effect, alterations of renal
      prostaglandin physiology accompanied hypertension in elderly men. No clear
      alteration of prostaglandin E2 physiology was noted in young male hypertensives.

PMID- 6593600
TI  - DR expression on vascular endothelial cells in normal human kidney.

PMID- 6593601
TI  - Effects of injections and/or chronic implants of melatonin and 5
      methoxytryptamine on plasma thyroid hormones in male and female Syrian hamsters.
AB  - Plasma thyroid hormone concentrations in male and female Syrian hamsters were
      evaluated in five experiments after two pineal indoles, melatonin (MEL) and 5
      methoxytryptamine (5-MT), were administered as chronic s.c. implants and/or daily
      afternoon injections. Circulating concentrations of thyroxine (T4), ordinarily
      maintained by the long photoperiod (LD 14:10), were inhibited by daily afternoon
      injections of 25 micrograms MEL but not 5-MT in male (experiment 1) and female
      (experiment 2) Syrian hamsters. The suppressive effect of MEL injections on T4
      concentration in the long photoperiod was prevented in both sexes by a s.c.
      beeswax pellet containing either 1 mg MEL or 5-MT. In the third experiment,
      various doses of MEL or 5-MT were injected each afternoon for 12 weeks to compare
      the effectiveness of these two indoles in reducing T4 concentrations in hamsters
      maintained in the long photoperiod. Only the highest dose (200 micrograms) of 5
      MT effectively suppressed T4 concentrations whereas all doses of MEL (greater
      than or equal to 5 micrograms) significantly reduced plasma T4. MEL or 5-MT (1
      1,000 micrograms) were implanted in beeswax pellets in male hamsters exposed to
      short photoperiod (LD 10:14) to determine if either indole could prevent the
      short photoperiod-induced suppression of T4 (experiments 4 and 5). Regression and
      covariance analyses showed a significant log dose-related elevation of T4 in
      these hamsters, indicating equal potency of MEL and 5-MT in preventing the short
      photoperiod-induced suppression of T4. 5-MT given by either injection or
      implantation raised plasma triiodothyronine (T3) in female (experiment 2) but not
      in male hamsters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6593602
TI  - Metabolic basis of improved exercise tolerance: muscle phosphorylase deficiency
      after glucagon administration.
AB  - A 26-year-old girl with muscle phosphorylase deficiency had exercise intolerance
      and experienced an occasional "second wind" phenomenon. Muscle glycogen
      concentration was about three times the normal level, whereas each glycolytic
      intermediate below the phosphorylase step was equivalent to only 10% of a normal
      level. Semi-ischemic forearm exercise tests disclosed no elevation of the venous
      lactate or pyruvate level, but they showed remarkable increases of serum creatine
      kinase and ammonia. Glucagon administration markedly augmented exercise
      tolerance. Forearm exercise after glucagon injection significantly increased
      venous lactate. Thus, the beneficial effect of glucagon is attributable to blood
      glucose utilization by muscle.

PMID- 6593604
TI  - Ventilators.

PMID- 6593603
TI  - Little sleep-promoting effect of three sleep substances diurnally infused in
      unrestrained rats.
AB  - Delta-sleep-inducing peptide (2.5 nmol), prostaglandin D2 (0.36 nmol) and uridine
      (10 pmol) were intraventricularly infused for 10 h at daytime in otherwise saline
      infused freely moving male rats. In contrast to a nocturnal infusion which may
      result in marked sleep-promoting effects, such a diurnal infusion brought about
      almost no change in sleep parameters. It is postulated that the requirement of
      sleep in rats might be fully achieved at the environmental light period to cancel
      the effect of the exogenously administered sleep substances. It is proposed that
      an endogenous sleep substance should be characterized by a property not to cause
      excessive sleep at the time when sleep is physiologically saturated.

PMID- 6593605
TI  - Aspergillosis infection following radiotherapy.

PMID- 6593606
TI  - The changing pathogenesis of aspergilloma or "fungus ball".

PMID- 6593607
TI  - NMR: a new perspective on medicine.

PMID- 6593608
TI  - Psittacosis pneumonia with cavitation.

PMID- 6593609
TI  - Gynecomastia following supradiaphragmatic radiation for lymphoma.

PMID- 6593611
TI  - Thrombocytopenia in a 34-year-old woman with chronic depression.

PMID- 6593610
TI  - Lead exposure among iron workers in New York City. A continuing occupational
      hazard in the 1980s.

PMID- 6593612
TI  - Disseminated infection with Trichosporon beigelii.

PMID- 6593613
TI  - Mycetoma in post-radiation pulmonary cavities.

PMID- 6593614
TI  - Cavitary pulmonary metastases in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the colon.

PMID- 6593615
TI  - Water intoxication, hyperpyrexia and rhabdomyolysis in a patient with psychogenic
      polydipsia.

PMID- 6593616
TI  - Fatal toxoplasmosis of the central nervous system in a heroin user with acquired
      immunodeficiency disease.

PMID- 6593618
TI  - Composite-resin restorations of the incisal edges of anterior teeth: an
      assessment after 8-9 years.

PMID- 6593617
TI  - Reading the dentition: the place of tooth wear.

PMID- 6593619
TI  - An assessment of dental health education.

PMID- 6593620
TI  - Reflective listening as a marketing force.

PMID- 6593621
TI  - Atypical root fracture: a case report.

PMID- 6593622
TI  - Children's recall of television advertisements related to oral health.

PMID- 6593623
TI  - Changes in the pattern of disease managed by general surgeons in New Zealand,
      1940-80.
AB  - Changes in the pattern of disease managed by general surgeons in New Zealand,
      were assessed for the period 1940-80, using the public hospital admission and
      cancer incidence data of a representative selection of diseases. During the forty
      year period, there was an increase in the incidence of four of the five cancers
      studied, and an increase in admission rate for non-specific abdominal pain, head
      injury (indicated by skull fracture), peripheral arterial disease (indicated by
      aortic aneurysm), gall-stone disease and pancreatitis, large bowel disorders and
      breast diseases. There was a decline in admission rate for appendicitis, stomach
      disorders and goitre.

PMID- 6593624
TI  - Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hospital.

PMID- 6593625
TI  - Industrial lead exposure: a review of blood lead levels in South Island
      industries, 1974-83.
AB  - Relative risks of increased lead absorption found in 31 occupations were
      investigated. Serial red cell lead measurements on 1319 males and 186 females
      provided a mean and range for each occupational type. The magnitude of the mean
      and percentage of raised levels identified the degree of occupational risk. The
      mean red cell lead for 50% of employees was within the regional usual range for
      those not occupationally exposed. In 77% the mean red cell lead was less than 4.1
      mumol/l. Of the remainder, 4% had levels greater than 5.7 mumol/l and 1% had
      levels greater than 7.7 mumol/l. Our findings have been used to manage local
      chronic and acute lead problems.

PMID- 6593626
TI  - Problems in diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 6593627
TI  - Swellings of the soft palate: a diagnostic trap.

PMID- 6593628
TI  - Risks of drowning in fenced and unfenced domestic swimming pools.
AB  - A method for estimating the risks of drowning in fenced and unfenced domestic
      swimming pools is presented. Application of this method suggests that the
      probability of drowning occurring in an unfenced pool is between two to five
      times higher than that of a fenced pool. It is also estimated that the
      introduction of pool fencing would reduce the number of drownings in domestic
      swimming pools by 40% to 67%.

PMID- 6593629
TI  - Deteriorating health statistics.

PMID- 6593630
TI  - Smoking and deaths.

PMID- 6593631
TI  - Cot deaths.

PMID- 6593632
TI  - Myalgic encephalomyelitis.

PMID- 6593633
TI  - Cancer research, education, welfare, investment.

PMID- 6593634
TI  - Seddon Memorial Hospital x-ray screening saga.

PMID- 6593635
TI  - Alcohol problems.

PMID- 6593636
TI  - Scientific societies.

PMID- 6593637
TI  - Health hazards of welding fumes.

PMID- 6593638
TI  - Asthma and air pollution in Auckland.

PMID- 6593639
TI  - Caring for the cancer patient in the community.

PMID- 6593640
TI  - Adolescence.

PMID- 6593641
TI  - Completing the jigsaw of quality patient care.

PMID- 6593642
TI  - Where are we? (a survey of opinion in Porirua).

PMID- 6593643
TI  - An adoption placement with a difference.

PMID- 6593645
TI  - Buying an office condo.

PMID- 6593644
TI  - AIDS: information for dentists. New York State Department of Health.

PMID- 6593646
TI  - Gross distortions.

PMID- 6593647
TI  - Malpractice and periodontal disease.

PMID- 6593648
TI  - Controlling acute pain in dentistry. Part I.

PMID- 6593649
TI  - Realistic pain control for the general practitioner.

PMID- 6593650
TI  - Premedication: applied clinical pharmacology.

PMID- 6593652
TI  - Professional disciplinary proceedings and the licensed dental practitioner.

PMID- 6593651
TI  - Prescribing and disclosing.

PMID- 6593653
TI  - We can do no less for the future of dentistry.

PMID- 6593654
TI  - Understanding the adolescent patient.

PMID- 6593655
TI  - Psychosocial factors in orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 6593656
TI  - A dental phobia clinic.

PMID- 6593658
TI  - Vision, posture and productivity.

PMID- 6593657
TI  - Orbital granulocytic sarcoma as a presenting sign in acute myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - A 3-year-old boy presented with a marked right exophthalmos of a few days
      duration. This was due to a retrobulbar granulocytic sarcoma that was subtotally
      removed at a lateral orbitotomy. Subsequent studies revealed acute myelogenous
      leukemia (AML) of FAB-type M2. The orbital tumor disappeared totally after local
      irradiation and cytostatic treatment. Another granulocytic sarcoma developed 3
      months later in the left orbit. It disappeared also during repeated cytostatic
      induction therapy although only transient hematologic remission was achieved.
      After 1 month a recurrence of the tumor in the left orbit was noted. The disease
      progressed without response to treatment and the patient died 11 months after
      diagnosis.

PMID- 6593659
TI  - Electrosurgery: status report.

PMID- 6593660
TI  - Tooth preparation for aesthetic and functional ceramo metal restorations. A
      simplified technique.

PMID- 6593661
TI  - Histologic appearance of the bilaminar zone in internal derangement of the
      temporomandibular joint.
AB  - Light microscopy was used to examine twenty-six specimens of bilaminar zone
      tissue excised during surgery for correction of internal derangement of the
      temporamandibular joint. Each of the specimens was examined for the presence of
      inflammation, amount of vascularity, arterial wall thickness, presence of fat,
      appearance of collagen, and amount of elastin present. Wide variation in the
      histologic appearance was noted among the specimens, although no significant
      inflammation was observed in any of them. Some indications that this tissue is
      undergoing adaptive changes include the presence of thickened arterial walls
      suggesting a decreased blood flow and the tendency for decreased amounts of
      elastin to be associated with denser-appearing collagen. There is also a tendency
      for patients with complete dislocation to exhibit less elastin than those with
      partial dislocation of the meniscus.

PMID- 6593662
TI  - The value of the nuclear medical scan in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint
      disease.
AB  - A total of 125 patients with TMJ complaints underwent nuclear medical scans of
      their joints as part of their diagnostic work-ups. The scan results were compared
      with the radiographic and arthrogram findings of these patients. The results
      suggest that the nuclear medical scan is not a highly reliable diagnostic aid for
      the majority of temporomandibular joint patients.

PMID- 6593663
TI  - Salivary content of patients with subjective symptoms resembling galvanic pain.
AB  - Analyses of whole and parotid saliva were performed in ten patients with
      subjective symptoms resembling galvanic pain and in their eight asymptomatic
      counterparts. Salivary flow rates, protein, IgA, lysozyme, sodium, potassium,
      chloride, calcium phosphate, copper, and magnesium contents were measured. The
      concentrations of protein, sodium, chloride, and phosphate in the whole saliva of
      the patients with symptoms were significantly higher, but concentrations of
      calcium, magnesium, and IgA were lower than in the asymptomatic controls. In
      parotid saliva, too, protein, lysozyme, and calcium concentrations were
      significantly altered in patients with oral symptoms. The analysis of free amino
      acids serine, proline, glutamic acid + glutamine, and glycine in the whole saliva
      did not show any significant differences between the two groups studied. The
      results suggest the importance of salivary contents in the development of oral
      soreness. Such changes in the salivary constituents could modulate the amount and
      character of the salivary macromolecules absorbed onto the teeth. This could lead
      to passivation or activation of the surfaces in metallic restorations and
      consequently to the onset of the intraoral electric currents.

PMID- 6593664
TI  - Hospital personnel with penicillin-resistant Streptococcus viridans. A case for
      special consideration in the prevention of bacterial endocarditis.
AB  - Penicillin is the drug of choice for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis
      (BE) resulting from dental treatment. The susceptibility of Streptococcus
      viridans to this antimicrobial agent was studied. A representative sample of
      hospital personnel (N = 76) was compared to a control group of seventy-six
      subjects who were not associated with the hospital. Twenty-four of the hospital
      personnel worked in wards that consume 0.13 to 1.64 (mean +/- SD = 0.88 +/- 0.64)
      gm penicillin per day per position (low consumption group = LCG) and fifty-two
      worked in wards that consume 2.27 to 3.67 (mean +/- SD = 3.04 +/- 0.55) gm
      penicillin per day per position (high consumption group = HCG). Antibiograms of
      oral isolates showed that, while 48.08% of the subjects from the HCG revealed
      penicillin-resistant S. viridans only 8.33% of the subjects from the LCG and
      7.89% of the control group presented such results. The data presented suggest
      that there are subjects who may unknowingly carry penicillin-resistant S.
      viridans as part of their oral flora. It is therefore recommended that the
      preferable antibiotic used for the prevention of BE should be determined by an
      antibiogram.

PMID- 6593666
TI  - Toluidine blue staining in the detection of oral precancerous and malignant
      lesions.

PMID- 6593665
TI  - Allopurinol-amplified lichenoid reactions of the oral mucosa.
AB  - Three cases of oral lichenoid reaction linked with the administration of
      allopurinol are presented. Withdrawal of the drug resulted in considerable
      clinical improvement in one case and complete resolution of the ulcerative
      lesions in the other two cases. The consideration of drug-induced reactions in
      the differential diagnosis of oral mucosal diseases has been emphasized.

PMID- 6593667
TI  - Fibrous defect (nonossifying fibroma) of the mandible.
AB  - Two cases of fibrous defect (nonossifying fibroma) of the mandible are presented.
      Each case occurred in the mandibular ramus of an 11-year-old girl. The usual
      fibrous defect of bone is an intraosseous fibrous, nonneoplastic, reactive lesion
      which appears as a well-delineated defect in the metaphysis of long bones. This
      report reviews the literature, histopathology, and classification of the fibrous
      defect of bone.

PMID- 6593668
TI  - Undifferentiated connective tissue disease.
AB  - The purpose of this article is to bring to the attention of clinicians the
      diagnostic difficulties encountered in some patients with connective tissue
      syndromes. The relevant literature is reviewed, and a case of undifferentiated
      connective tissue disease in a patient with an oral mucosal disorder is
      described.

PMID- 6593669
TI  - Mycosis fungoides: initial diagnosis via palatal biopsy with discussion of
      diagnostic advantages of plastic embedding.
AB  - The authors present an example of mycosis fungoides which was initially diagnosed
      from a palatal biopsy. The distinctive nuclear morphology of the tumor cells,
      with a discussion of their diagnostic importance, is presented. The advantages of
      plastic-embedded formalin-fixed tissue are delineated.

PMID- 6593670
TI  - Mandibular myelosarcoma (chloroma): primary oral manifestation of promyelocytic
      leukemia.
AB  - The case of a 35-year-old female patient with primary mandibular manifestation of
      myelosarcoma (chloroma) is reported. The clinical course and diagnostic and
      therapeutic measures are described. Myelosarcomas are rare and are considered
      specific lesions of an acute myeloid leukemia. In addition to systemic leukemia
      therapy, myelosarcomas frequently have to be treated surgically or by irradiation
      because of their specific tumor localizations.

PMID- 6593671
TI  - Caries and periodontitis associated with an unerupted third molar.
AB  - Radiographic, gross, and histologic evidence is provided to demonstrate the
      development of caries and periodontal disease over a 5-year period in an
      unerupted tooth. The authors speculate on the pathogenesis of these disease
      processes.

PMID- 6593672
TI  - Eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucosa.
AB  - Two additional cases of eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucosa are presented. Both
      patients were treated with corticosteroids, with favorable results. A review of
      the literature provided useful information on the clinical characteristics,
      histologic features, method of treatment, and benign course of the lesions.

PMID- 6593673
TI  - Evaluation of a digital pulp tester.
AB  - An evaluation of a new-generation digital pulp tester revealed some significant
      advantages over the conventional, manually operated type. Its automatic operation
      and comfortable stimulation of the tooth could make this instrument a valuable
      addition to the dental armamentarium.

PMID- 6593674
TI  - The influence of file size, cleaning, and time on effectiveness of bead
      sterilizers.
AB  - A controlled study was conducted to determine the influence on disinfection of
      cleaning endodontic files with either dry gauze or alcohol-saturated gauze prior
      to placement of the files into a hot bead sterilizer. File size and length of
      time in the hot bead sterilizer were also investigated. Findings indicated that
      an alcohol wipe was more effective than a dry wipe except in the largest file
      tested. Using an alcohol wipe and 3 seconds in a hot bead sterilizer for No. 10
      files or 5 seconds for either a No. 30 or a No. 45 file was equivalent in
      disinfecting ability to 8 seconds and a dry wipe using the same file sizes.

PMID- 6593675
TI  - The effect of tryptophan on postoperative endodontic pain.
AB  - Fifty consecutive patients requiring nonsurgical endodontic therapy were the
      subjects of this pain-control study. Twenty-five subjects received 3 gm of
      tryptophan in divided 0.5-gm doses over a 24-hour period, beginning before the
      start of treatment. The other twenty-five subjects received an identically
      appearing placebo on the same dosage schedule. Pain intensity was evaluated by
      the subjects on a scale of 0 to 10 (0 = no pain, 10 = severe pain) (1) prior to
      the start of treatment, (2) after 24 hours, and (3) 1 week later. Results showed
      that the most meaningful difference was found at 24 hours, when the tryptophan
      group was significantly better than the placebo group (F = 7.46, df = 1.96, p
      less than 0.01).

PMID- 6593676
TI  - Endodontic considerations associated with periapical surgery.
AB  - An attempt has been made to describe a simple, straightforward technique for root
      end surgery which, when properly performed, should improve the dentist's
      effectiveness in managing periapical dental pathosis of endodontic origin.

PMID- 6593677
TI  - Focal sclerosing osteomyelitis/focal periapical osteopetrosis: radiographic
      patterns.
AB  - Forty-one histologically documented instances of focal sclerosing osteomyelitis
      and focal periapical osteopetrosis have been evaluated for radiomorphologic
      characteristics. These reactive lesions exhibit five distinct patterns that
      include periapical focal opacifications, target lesions, radiolucencies,
      multiconfluent configurations, and opacifications with concomitant root
      resorption. While an irritational origin can usually be detected in chronic
      sclerosing osteomyelitis, the cause of focal periapical osteopetrosis remains
      enigmatic.

PMID- 6593678
TI  - Three-dimensional imaging and display of the temporomandibular joint.
AB  - Despite recent advances in diagnostic radiology, current techniques for
      radiographic evaluation of the temporomandibular joint continue to present the
      clinician with difficult problems in interpretation and diagnosis. The use of
      three-dimensional images reconstructed from computed tomographic (CT) data
      improves the diagnostic value of conventional CT at no additional risk to the
      patient and may provide new insights into this complex anatomic structure. A
      sequence of 1.5 mm CT sections is made with a slice-to-slice spacing of 1.0 mm.
      These are used to construct a new sequence of slices by mathematical
      interpolation in which the new slice spacing equals the size of the pixels.
      Structures to be imaged separately are then masked in the interpolated sections
      prior to "windowing" for the appropriate tissue density. A special algorithm
      detects the boundary surface of the selected structure. The surface pixels are
      assigned gray levels on the basis of their distance and attitude from the
      observer. When displayed, this produces a simulated three-dimensional image. The
      image can be rotated and sectioned. Rotations permit otherwise hidden surfaces to
      be examined. Images of a human temporomandibular joint in vitro are presented to
      demonstrate (1) the bony components of the joint and their relationships within
      the joint; (2) the bony components separated to display hidden surfaces; and (3)
      the joint meniscus in situ and as a separate component.

PMID- 6593679
TI  - An evaluation of rare-earth imaging systems in panoramic radiography.
AB  - Panoramic radiographs were made of ninety-nine consenting adult patients who had
      image-analysis test devices placed within their oral cavities. Quantitative
      characteristics and perceived image quality of eight screen-film combinations
      were investigated. The quantitative characteristics of the images evaluated
      included contrast, resolution (in three regions), and bead detection (a measure
      of noise). Perceived image quality assessed similar characteristics. In addition,
      expert observers rated the resultant patient radiographs for both general and
      specific diagnostic tasks. Calcium tungstate screen-film systems were found to
      have the highest contrast but with resolution comparable to rare-earth screen
      film systems under clinical test conditions. Calcium tungstate systems required
      up to twice the radiation exposure of the patient. It was found that some rare
      earth screen-film combinations may produce clinically acceptable panoramic
      radiographs while reducing the patient's radiation exposure.

PMID- 6593680
TI  - Crowned horizontal impaction.

PMID- 6593681
TI  - Maxillary sinus mucocele. Report of an unusual case.
AB  - The maxillary sinus mucocele occupying the entire sinus is rarely reported by
      dentists. This article discusses one such case diagnosed as an exceptionally
      large maxillary sinus cyst occupying the whole sinus. Unlike their findings in
      the medical literature, the authors were unable to find many similar cases
      reported in the dental literature. The location of these mucoceles necessitates
      the use of diagnostic radiographs, especially those of the panoramic type.
      Because etiology is still not fully understood after almost 100 years, the
      authors suggest and discuss four possible mechanisms of sinus mucocele formation
      and growth.

PMID- 6593682
TI  - Physiologic pigmentation of the gingiva in Israeli Jews of different ethnic
      origin.
AB  - The prevalence of gingival physiologic pigmentation in three ethnic groups of a
      total of 2,465 Israeli Jews were determined. The distribution of this gingival
      pigmentation, according to anatomic parts and divisions, was examined. Results
      showed the presence of gingival pigmentation in 57.9% of the Eastern group, 49.3%
      of the Sephardic group, and 21.1% of the Ashkenazi group. No indication of sex
      predilection was found. The most common site of pigmentation was the labial part
      of the gingiva, and the attached gingiva was the most common pigmented anatomic
      division. The group of Eastern Jews showed the highest prevalence of physiologic
      pigmentation in each of the anatomic parts and divisions of the gingiva.

PMID- 6593683
TI  - [A simple method for the determination of the methotrexate level in the practice
      of clinical oncology].

PMID- 6593684
TI  - [Preparation of the immature cervix with prostaglandin F2 alpha prior to the
      induction of labor].

PMID- 6593685
TI  - Evaluation of possible first trimester prenatal diagnosis in lysosomal diseases
      by trophoblast biopsy.
AB  - The detection of enzymatic deficiency in cultured amniotic cells from second
      trimester pregnancies is presently used for prenatal diagnosis of lysosomal
      diseases. The possibility of obtaining and processing trophoblast tissue at 8-10
      weeks of gestation would permit first trimester prenatal diagnosis. Using
      trophoblast tissue samples from normal fetuses before voluntary abortion and from
      placenta after therapeutic abortions of fetuses affected by several lysosomal
      diseases, we conclude that early diagnosis of lysosomal disorders would be
      possible.

PMID- 6593686
TI  - [Computerized tomography in children with lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after
      completion of intensive polychemotherapy combined with irradiation of the brain].

PMID- 6593687
TI  - Periodontal diseases in humans: clinical and microbiological characteristics.

PMID- 6593688
TI  - Periodontal public service announcements: whom they reach and their
      effectiveness.

PMID- 6593689
TI  - A live plaque attacker: the polymorphonuclear leukocyte.

PMID- 6593690
TI  - Corneal abscess from soft contact lenses.

PMID- 6593692
TI  - The surface pattern of dental caries in central Sri Lanka.

PMID- 6593693
TI  - Stimulation of lymphocytes by human collagen in periodontal disease.

PMID- 6593691
TI  - Disseminated Trichosporon beigelii in an immunocompromised child.

PMID- 6593694
TI  - [The traditional dental pharmacopoeia in Senegal].

PMID- 6593695
TI  - An appraisal of Botswana's approach to provision of dental health services.

PMID- 6593697
TI  - Assessing and improving the efficiency of the dental service.

PMID- 6593696
TI  - Third molar impaction among Nigerian youths.

PMID- 6593698
TI  - Endemic dental fluorosis and the possibilities of defluoridation and fluoridation
      of water supplies in Tanzania.

PMID- 6593699
TI  - Melanoma masquerading as Spitz nevus following acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - A malignant melanoma originally diagnosed as a Spitz nevus led to the death of a
      10-year-old boy. The melanoma developed four years after therapy was begun for
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Melanomas in children are rare. Melanomas
      histologically resembling Spitz nevi have been reported. Deep contiguous growth
      and melanization are suspicious features. Lymphoproliferative malignancies are
      most commonly reported to occur in patients surviving treatment for acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia. Melanoma following acute lymphoblastic leukemia has not
      been described previously.

PMID- 6593700
TI  - Myeloproliferative syndrome in childhood.
AB  - This report describes an atypical "myeloproliferative disorder" in a child that
      evolved over a 6-year period. The clinical and laboratory features resembled the
      adult type of chronic myelogenous leukemia, but a Philadelphia chromosome was
      lacking. Although the proper classification of this disorder remains uncertain,
      the case makes a good point for the use of diagnostic procedures such as the bone
      marrow core biopsy and cytogenetic studies to help unravel and define the
      characteristics of these unusual "myeloproliferative" disorders.

PMID- 6593701
TI  - Multiple-step relayed correlation spectroscopy: sequential resonance assignments
      in oligosaccharides.
AB  - A general property of the high-resolution proton NMR spectra of oligosaccharides
      is the appearance of low-field well-resolved resonances corresponding to the
      anomeric (H1) and H2 protons. The remaining skeletal protons resonate in the
      region 3-4 ppm, giving rise to an envelope of poorly resolved resonances.
      Assignments can be made from the H1 and H2 protons to their J-coupled neighbors
      (H2 and H3) within this main envelope by using 1H-1H correlated spectroscopy.
      However, the tight coupling (J congruent to delta) between further protons
      results in poor spectral dispersion with consequent assignment ambiguities. We
      describe here three-step two-dimensional relayed correlation spectroscopy and
      show how it can be used to correlate the resolved anomeric (H1) and H2 protons
      with remote (H4, H5) protons directly through a linear network of couplings using
      sequential magnetization transfer around the oligosaccharide rings. Resonance
      assignments are then obtained by inspection of cross-peaks that appear in well
      resolved regions of the two-dimensional spectrum. This offers a general solution
      to the assignment problem in oligosaccharides and, importantly, these assignments
      will subsequently allow for the three-dimensional solution conformation to be
      determined by using one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser
      experiments.

PMID- 6593702
TI  - Proximal and distal domains that control in vitro transcription of the adenovirus
      IVa2 gene.
AB  - The adenovirus IVa2 gene, which is expressed at an intermediate time in the viral
      infectious cycle, is separated from the adenovirus major late promoter (MLP) 5'
      start site by 210 base pairs and is transcribed from the opposite strand. In
      contrast to the MLP, the IVa2 gene does not contain a "TATA" box upstream from
      its 5' start sites. By using a series of deletion mutants, two upstream control
      regions that are rich in cytidine residues, one proximal to the cap site at
      nucleotide positions -39 to -48 and a distal domain between nucleotide positions 
      152 and -242 have been identified as essential for IVa2 transcription (IVa2 cap
      site is nucleotide position + 1). Transcription efficiency is decreased by 70-90%
      after the deletion of a proximal C-rich domain when either linear or supercoiled
      DNAs were used as template. However, distal sequences functioned as
      transcriptional control domains only with covalently closed DNA templates. The
      deletion of both the proximal and distal regions from covalently closed DNA
      templates reduces the levels of IVa2 transcription by a factor of 100-150. When
      the plasmid pAd242 that contains the 5' start sites of adenovirus MLP and IVa2 is
      transcribed, there is essentially a complete suppression of transcription of the
      adenovirus IVa2 gene. The transcription efficiency of IVa2 is increased 10-fold
      after deletion of the MLP cap site. A model based on a shared entry site for RNA
      polymerase II and competition between major late and IVa2 promoters is proposed
      to explain the in vitro transcriptional results.

PMID- 6593703
TI  - Activation of pS2 gene transcription is a primary response to estrogen in the
      human breast cancer cell line MCF-7.
AB  - We have shown previously that an increase in the level of accumulated pS2 mRNA is
      first detectable in MCF-7 cells after 3 hr of estradiol treatment. Using in vitro
      nuclear run-on transcription with nuclei prepared from MCF-7 cells grown in the
      presence of estradiol or in estradiol-stripped medium, we demonstrate here that
      expression of the pS2 gene is controlled by estrogen at the transcriptional
      level. Induction of transcription is a very early event that is already apparent
      within 15 min after addition of estradiol to the culture medium. In addition,
      pretreatment of the cells with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide does
      not prevent induction of pS2 gene transcription, indicating that it corresponds
      to a primary effect of estrogen. The pS2 gene in MCF-7 cells represents a unique
      example of a human gene whose transcription is directly controlled by estrogen.

PMID- 6593704
TI  - Human apolipoprotein C-II: complete nucleic acid sequence of preapolipoprotein C
      II.
AB  - Apolipoprotein (apo) C-II is a cofactor for lipoprotein lipase, the enzyme that
      catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides on plasma triglyceride-rich
      lipoproteins. The complete coding sequence of apoC-II mRNA has been determined
      from an apoC-II clone isolated from a human liver cDNA library. A 17-base-long
      synthetic oligonucleotide based on amino acid residues 5-10 of apoC-II was
      utilized as a hybridization probe to select recombinant plasmids containing the
      apoC-II sequence. Two thousand four hundred clones were screened and one apoC-II
      cDNA clone containing 500 bases was identified. DNA sequence analysis of this
      clone revealed a 101 amino acid C-II apolipoprotein containing a 22 amino acid
      signal peptide attached to the amino terminus of the 79 amino acid residue plasma
      apoC-II. The amino acid sequence of apoC-II determined by nucleic acid analysis
      is in agreement with the recently determined sequence of plasma apoC-II isolated
      from normal subjects. The determination of the complete cDNA sequence of apoC-II
      and the availability of a cDNA probe of apoC-II will facilitate our analysis of
      the biosynthesis and processing as well as the genomic organization of apoC-II in
      normal subjects and patients with dyslipoproteinemias characterized by
      hypertriglyceridemia.

PMID- 6593705
TI  - Molecular cloning of a cDNA for the chicken progesterone receptor B antigen.
AB  - A cDNA for the chicken progesterone receptor B subunit antigen (Mr, 108,000) has
      been isolated from a cDNA library prepared from size-selected chicken oviduct
      poly(A)+RNA. A specific monoclonal antibody raised against hen progesterone
      receptor B subunit (alpha PR-B) was used to screen the library. Recombinant
      clones reacting with the antibody by virtue of antigen expression were used in
      hybrid-selected translation. A single clone, pPRB-1, hybridized specifically to a
      mRNA that yielded a Mr 108,000 protein when translated in vitro and which was
      immunoprecipitable by the alpha PR-B antibody. This cDNA represents a 470-base
      pair portion of the PR-B nucleotide sequence. Additional clones have been
      subsequently isolated from the recombinant library using the insert from pPRB-1
      as a specific probe. A mRNA size of approximately 3000 nucleotides was determined
      for the chicken progesterone receptor B subunit by formaldehyde/agarose gel
      electrophoresis and blot hybridization using pPRB-1 as a probe. Preliminary
      studies show that withdrawal of hormone from chickens treated chronically with
      estrogen leads to a dramatic decrease in the cellular RNA concentration of
      receptor B, indicating that target tissue levels of receptor B RNA are under
      hormonal control.

PMID- 6593706
TI  - Radial distributions of density within macromolecular complexes determined from
      dark-field electron micrographs.
AB  - A procedure has been developed for direct determination of radial distributions
      of density in filamentous and spheroidal particles by analyzing dark-field
      scanning transmission electron micrographs of unstained freeze-dried specimens.
      Unlike electron microscopic methods based on staining or shadowing with heavy
      atoms, this approach can be used to probe the internal structure of
      macromolecular complexes. As an experimental proving ground, we have applied the
      procedure to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and to RNA-free helical polymers of TMV
      coat protein. Both structures are found to project outermost diameters of 17.6 +/
      0.4 nm, to have empty axial holes approximately equal to 3.5 nm in diameter, and
      to have density peaks at radii of 2.5 +/- 0.5 and 6.7 +/- 0.3 nm. Thus
      visualized, the only significant difference between them is the presence in the
      virion of an additional density peak at 4.1 +/- 0.5 nm contributed by its
      internalized RNA molecule. We have also used the procedure to monitor the
      structural expression of radiation damage in the low electron dose regime prior
      to the onset of significant mass loss. Changes in the radial density profiles are
      detected at average doses as low as approximately equal to 400 electrons per nm2:
      the trend is for the internal structure of these particles to fuse toward a state
      of uniform density, although the values of their outermost diameters remain
      unaffected.

PMID- 6593707
TI  - Lamellar-to-hexagonalII phase transitions in the plasma membrane of isolated
      protoplasts after freeze-induced dehydration.
AB  - In protoplasts isolated from nonacclimated rye leaves (Secale cereale L. cultivar
      Puma), cooling to -- 10 degrees C at a rate of 1 degrees C/min results in
      extensive freeze-induced dehydration (osmotic contraction), and injury is
      manifested as the loss of osmotic responsiveness during warming. Under these
      conditions, several changes were observed in the freeze-fracture morphology of
      the plasma membrane. These included (i) lateral phase separations in the plasma
      membrane, (ii) aparticulate lamellae lying next to the plasma membrane, and (iii)
      regions of the plasma membrane and associated lamellae in various stages of
      lamellar-to-hexagonalII transition. These morphological changes also were
      observed after equilibration in 5.37 osmolal sorbitol at 0 degrees C, which
      produced a similar extent of dehydration as did freezing to -- 10 degrees C. In
      contrast, only small areas of lateral phase separation in the plasma membrane,
      with no observable aparticulate lamellae or hexagonalII configurations, were
      observed in protoplasts supercooled to -- 10 degrees C. Therefore, freeze-induced
      lamellar-to-hexagonalII phase transitions in the plasma membrane are a
      consequence of dehydration rather than subzero temperature per se. When
      suspensions of protoplasts isolated from cold-acclimated leaves were frozen to --
      10 degrees C, no injury was incurred, and hexagonalII phase transitions were not
      observed. No hexagonalII phase was observed even at -- 35 degrees C, though
      acclimated protoplasts are injured at this temperature.

PMID- 6593708
TI  - Invariant temporal order of replication of the four actin gene loci during the
      naturally synchronous mitotic cycles of Physarum polycephalum.
AB  - The chronological sequence of replication for the four unlinked actin gene loci
      of Physarum has been established. Southern hybridization analysis of density
      labeled, bromodeoxyuridine-substituted DNA isolated from defined periods of S
      phase demonstrates that three actin loci (ardB, ardC, ardD) are duplicated early,
      corresponding to the first 10% of the genome. The fourth locus (ardA) replicates
      later, between 80 and 100 min into S phase and after 75% of DNA synthesis is
      completed. Gene-dosage determinations, based on the quantitation of hybridization
      signals from DNAs isolated from various times during S phase, confirm the results
      obtained with bromodeoxyuridine-substituted DNA and increase the temporal
      resolution. The chronological order of replication in the macroplasmodium appears
      constant through two consecutive cell cycles and after prolonged growth in
      suspension culture. The precise chronology of DNA synthesis at the gene level
      extends to the coordinate replication of allele pairs.

PMID- 6593709
TI  - Somatic cell genetic analysis of human cell surface antigens: chromosomal
      assignments and regulation of expression in rodent-human hybrid cells.
AB  - The expression of 13 newly defined human cell surface antigens identified by
      monoclonal antibodies was studied in a panel of reduced rodent-human somatic cell
      hybrid clones. For each antigenic system the segregation of antibody reactivity
      was concordant with the segregation of a specific human chromosome, permitting
      the chromosomal assignment of 13 gene loci determining antigen expression. The
      antigens can be placed in four groups on the basis of their patterns of control
      in the hybrid cells. (i) Presence of a single human chromosome is necessary and
      sufficient for antigen expression; L230 (assigned to chromosome 2), AJ425, K15
      (chromosome 3), SR84 (chromosome 5), JF23, Q14 (chromosome 11), SV13 (chromosome
      15), and F10 (chromosome 19). (ii) AJ2 (chromosome 10) and J143 (chromosome 17);
      two antigens coded for by separate human chromosomes but associated as a
      molecular complex on the surface of AJ2+/J143+ human cells. (iii) F8 (chromosome
      19); antigen expression dependent on the growth characteristics of hybrid cells:
      substrate-adherent cells are F8+, whereas cells growing in suspension are F8-.
      (iv) AO122 and F23 (chromosome 15); antigen expression controlled by the
      permissive/inducing vs. nonpermissive/noninducing nature of the rodent fusion
      partner. Hybrids derived from both antigen-positive and antigen-negative human
      cells can express AO122 and F23 but only when specific rodent cell types are used
      for hybridization: N4TG-1 neuroblastoma and L cells, but not RAG renal carcinoma
      cells, permit AO122 expression, whereas RAG and L cells, but not N4TG-1 cells,
      permit F23 expression. The rapidly expanding list of monoclonal antibodies
      defining human cell surface molecules provides a range of markers to probe the
      genetic regulation of antigen diversity in somatic cells.

PMID- 6593710
TI  - Genomic constitution of an H-2:Tla variant leukemia.
AB  - A TL+ leukemia of a (B6 X A)F1 hybrid mouse (H-2b/H-2a) was previously subjected
      to immunoselection against H-2a by passage in (B6 X A.SW)F1 mice (H-2b/H-2s). A
      variant leukemia line was obtained that serologically lacked not only the H-2a
      phenotype but also the TL phenotype determined by the linked cis Tlaa allele of
      strain A. The H-2b phenotype and the TL phenotype of the Tlab allele of the B6
      strain, which is expressed only by leukemia cells, were retained by the variant.
      Southern blotting with an H-2 cDNA probe that identifies restriction fragment
      polymorphisms distinguishing alleles of the H-2 and Tla regions of the B6 and A
      strains indicates that both the H-2a and Tlaa alleles are missing from the genome
      of this H-2a:Tlaa negative variant. Since the variant has two apparently
      unaltered chromosomes 17, where the H-2:Tla complex is situated, and since the
      intensity of bands in Southern blotting is suggestive of H-2b homozygosity, it is
      considered that loss of the H-2a:Tlaa haplotype by the variant was accompanied by
      duplication of the H-2b:Tlab haplotype. The implied change from heterozygosity to
      homozygosity that the variant has undergone with respect to H-2:Tla was not
      paralleled by a similar change at the three other loci tested, since the variant
      retained heterozygosity for Pep-3 (chromosome 1), Gpi-1 (chromosome 7), and Es-1
      (chromosome 8).

PMID- 6593712
TI  - Cross-reacting material in Gaucher disease fibroblasts.
AB  - Glucocerebrosidase is the enzyme that is deficient in Gaucher diseases. Four
      monoclonal antibodies reacting with at least two different epitopes of this
      enzyme have been produced. The amounts of glucocerebrosidase in fibroblasts of
      patients with all three types of Gaucher disease were investigated by
      radioiodinating two of the antibodies and measuring their binding to fibroblast
      extracts immobilized on nitrocellulose filters. The amount of glucocerebrosidase
      antigen was decreased in all cases of Gaucher disease, particularly in the
      fibroblasts of patients with the more severe neuronopathic forms of the disorder,
      types II and III. The catalytic activity was reduced to a greater extent than the
      amount of antigen in all cases, so that the specific activity of the residual
      enzyme was found to be diminished. Although measurements in individual cases were
      quite reproducible and the amount of antigen detected by monoclonal antibodies
      reacting with different epitopes was quite similar, there was considerable
      variation between patients. This finding is consistent with the apparent within
      type genetic heterogeneity of Gaucher disease, even within the Ashkenazi Jewish
      population in which it is most prevalent.

PMID- 6593711
TI  - In vivo metabolic effects of hyperglycemia in murine radiation-induced
      fibrosarcoma: a 31P NMR investigation.
AB  - The hyperglycemia-induced in vivo metabolic changes produced in subcutaneous
      murine RIF-1 tumors, grown on female C3H/Anf mice, were examined with 31P surface
      coil NMR. Serum glucose levels were elevated 4-fold by bolus intraperitoneal
      injection of 0.3 ml of an aqueous 50% glucose solution. Tumor pH was calculated
      from the chemical shift of Pi and relative phosphocreatine and ATP concentrations
      were determined by Simpson's rule integration of the peak areas. Tumor pH
      decreased by ca. 0.45 unit over 2 hr while phosphocreatine concentrations
      decreased by ca. 50% over the same time period (n = 9). Initial tumor pH
      correlated inversely with the initial peak intensity ratio of Pi:ATP (r = -0.77).
      In a significant number of tumors (n = 4), two pH populations were observed. In
      these tumors, one population was unaffected by hyperglycemia and the other showed
      a decrease in pH. In the other tumors (n = 5), the pH distribution broadened as
      the pH decreased. In these tumors, the observed decreased in phosphocreatine
      concentration correlated with that calculated from the effect of measured tumor
      pH on the intracellular creatine kinase equilibrium (n = 18, r = 0.91). This
      correlation and consideration of the Pi distribution in the tumor suggest that
      the pH measured by 31P NMR is weighted heavily by intracellular pH for the RIF-1
      tumor. The presence of two distinct tumor pH populations or a broadened pH
      distribution likely reflects variations in tumor microcellular environment.
      Control experiments showed negligible changes in tumor pH and high energy
      phosphate concentrations after bolus intraperitoneal injection of 0.3 ml of
      isotonic saline. In addition, negligible changes in leg muscle pH and high energy
      phosphate concentrations were observed after glucose injection into mice with or
      without tumors. These results indicate that hyperglycemia induced by
      intraperitoneal glucose injection is effective in lowering the tumor pH of the
      murine RIF-1 tumor.

PMID- 6593713
TI  - Intracellular free magnesium in erythrocytes of essential hypertension: relation
      to blood pressure and serum divalent cations.
AB  - Intracellular levels of free Mg2+ in human erythrocytes were determined by 31P
      NMR spectroscopy in 26 fasted subjects and were correlated with blood pressures
      and serum levels of total magnesium (bound and free Mg2+) and ionized calcium
      from the same subjects in a seated position. Untreated hypertensive individuals
      consistently demonstrated lower levels of intracellular free magnesium (192 +/- 8
      microM, n = 11) than either normotensive (261 +/- 9.8 microM, n = 7, P less than
      0.001 vs. untreated hypertensive subjects) or hypertensive subjects whose blood
      pressure had been normalized on therapy (237 +/- 7.8 microM, n = 8, P less than
      0.005 vs. untreated hypertensives). For all subjects, strong relationships
      existed between intracellular free magnesium and diastolic blood pressure (r = 
      0.85, P less than 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (r = -0.71, P less than
      0.001). Significant relationships also were observed between intracellular free
      magnesium levels and extracellular serum levels of calcium ion (r = -0.77, P less
      than 0.001) as well as serum concentrations of total magnesium (r = 0.62, P less
      than 0.001). We conclude that significant depletion of intracellular free
      magnesium levels are apparent in erythrocytes of subjects with essential
      hypertension. Furthermore, the close, inverse relationship of free magnesium
      levels with the height of the blood pressure suggests that abnormalities of
      intracellular magnesium metabolism may contribute to the pathophysiology of human
      essential hypertension.

PMID- 6593714
TI  - Isolation, purification, and reconstitution of the Na+ gradient-dependent Ca2+
      transporter (Na+-Ca2+ exchanger) from brain synaptic plasma membranes.
AB  - A [Na+]-gradient-dependent Ca2+ transporter from brain synaptic plasma membranes
      has been isolated, purified, and reconstituted into brain phospholipid vesicles.
      The purification was achieved by sucrose-gradient centrifugation after
      solubilization of the synaptic membranes in cholate in the presence of a 30-fold
      excess (by weight) of added brain phospholipids and [Na+]-gradient-dependent Ca2+
      loading of the reconstituted vesicles. A 128-fold increase in specific activity
      of [Na+]-gradient-dependent Ca2+ uptake per mg of protein has been obtained. The
      purified and reconstituted vesicles took up Ca2+ only in response to an outward
      oriented [Na+] gradient. The Ca2+ uptake could be inhibited by dissipation of the
      [Na+] gradient with nigericin. Successful purification was based on the initial
      [Na+]-gradient dependency of the Ca2+-transport process, the magnitude of the
      [Na+]-gradient-dependent uptake, and the presence of purified brain
      phospholipids. Analysis of the sucrose-gradient-purified reconstituted vesicles
      on NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels showed that the activity coincided with enriched
      appearance of a 70,000-Da protein.

PMID- 6593715
TI  - Biochemical evidence that vesicles are the source of the acetylcholine released
      from stimulated PC12 cells.
AB  - Treatment of PC12 cells with AH5183 at concentrations of 40 nM to 40 microM
      inhibited the loading of newly synthesized acetylcholine into storage vesicles,
      but it had little effect on choline uptake, acetylcholine synthesis, or the
      vesicular content of previously loaded acetylcholine. AH5183 at 4 microM
      inhibited the Ba2+-evoked release of newly synthesized acetylcholine but not of
      older stores of acetylcholine. These data indicate that the vesicles are the
      source of the acetylcholine released from stimulated cells. AH5183 had little
      effect on the vesicular loading of dopamine and on the evoked release of
      dopamine, but at concentrations of 4-40 microM it did inhibit dopamine uptake by
      the cells.

PMID- 6593716
TI  - Preparation and characterization of pentaammineruthenium-(histidine-83)azurin:
      thermodynamics of intramolecular electron transfer from ruthenium to copper.
AB  - The reaction between a5RuH2O2+ (a is NH3) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin at pH
      7, followed by oxidation, yields a5Ru(His-83)3+-azurin(Cu2+) as the major
      product. Spectroscopic measurements (UV-visible, CD, EPR, and resonance Raman)
      indicate that the native structure is maintained in the modified protein. The
      site of ruthenium binding (His-83) was identified by peptide mapping. The
      a5RuHis/Cu ratio in the modified protein, determined from the EPR spectrum, is
      1:1, and the reduction potentials (vs. normal hydrogen electrode, pH 7.0, 25
      degrees C) are blue copper (Cu2+/1+), 320 +/- 2 mV; a5Ru(His-83)3+/2+, 50 +/- 10
      mV. From measurements of the reduction potentials at several temperatures in the
      5-40 degrees C range, delta H degree for intramolecular Ru2+ ----Cu2+ electron
      transfer was estimated to be -12.4 kcal mol-1 (1 cal = 4.184 J). Analysis of
      kinetic data in light of the electron transfer exothermicity indicates that the
      reorganizational enthalpy of the blue copper site can be no larger than 7.1 kcal
      mol-1.

PMID- 6593717
TI  - Theory of the intermediate rippled phase of phospholipid bilayers.
AB  - A mathematical model of the periodic, rippled P beta' phase of
      phosphatidylcholine is described. In this model the P beta' phase shows a
      periodic variation in membrane properties corresponding to a lateral periodic
      variation between fluid-like and crystal-like states. The model is based on a
      curvature-dependent Landau-de Gennes free-energy functional. Our proposed form of
      the curvature-dependent free energy remedies a subtle mathematical flaw in an
      earlier model having similar physical content [Falkovitz, M. F., Seul, M.,
      Frisch, H. L. & McConnell, H. M. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 3918
      3921].

PMID- 6593718
TI  - Identification and partial purification of the cardiac sodium-calcium exchange
      protein.
AB  - Cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles were solubilized in 2% sodium cholate/0.5 M
      NaCl/soybean phospholipids (25 mg/ml), and reconstituted following the procedure
      of Miyamoto and Racker [Miyamoto, H. & Racker, E. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 2656
      2658]. Initial rates of Na-Ca exchange in the reconstituted proteoliposomes were
      17-fold higher than in the native vesicles. Total recovery of exchange activity
      often exceeded 100%, indicating that the exchange system had been activated by
      the reconstitution procedure. Examination of native and reconstituted vesicles by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate
      revealed two protein bands that were substantially enriched in the reconstituted
      system: one at 48 kDa and a diffuse band centered at 82 kDa. A cholate extract of
      the vesicles was applied to a Sephacryl S-300 column and the various eluted
      fractions were reconstituted, assayed for Na-Ca exchange and examined by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The activity profile, after correcting for
      loss of activity on the column, showed a good correlation with the presence of
      the diffuse 82-kDa band. A cholate extract of the vesicles was treated with
      Pronase (1 mg/ml) for 10 min at 37 degrees C and reconstituted using a procedure
      similar to that described by Wakabayashi and Goshima [Wakabayashi, S. & Goshima,
      K. (1982) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 693, 125-133]. The resulting proteoliposomes
      catalyzed Na-Ca exchange with a specific activity 30- to 100-fold greater than
      that of native vesicles. Upon examination by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,
      these proteoliposomes exhibited a single major band at 82 kDa, with several minor
      bands at lower molecular weights that migrated identically to the components of
      Pronase. The results suggest that the 82-kDa band represents the cardiac Na-Ca
      exchange protein.

PMID- 6593719
TI  - Triplication of a four-gene set during evolution of the goat beta-globin locus
      produced three genes now expressed differentially during development.
AB  - Distinct hemoglobins are synthesized in goats at different stages of development,
      similar to humans. Embryonic hemoglobins (zeta 2 epsilon 2 and alpha 2 epsilon 2)
      are synthesized initially and are followed sequentially by fetal (alpha 2 beta
      F2), preadult (alpha 2 beta C2), and adult (alpha 2 beta A2) hemoglobins. To help
      understand the basis of these switches, the genes of the beta-globin locus have
      been cloned and their linkage arrangement has been determined by the isolation of
      lambda phage carrying overlapping inserts of genomic goat DNA. The locus extends
      over 120 kilobase pairs and consists of 12 genes arranged in the following order:
      epsilon I-epsilon II-psi beta X-beta C-epsilon III-epsilon IV-psi beta Z-beta A
      epsilon V-epsilon VI-psi beta Y-beta F. Comparison of the nucleotide sequence of
      the 12 genes shows that the locus is organized into three homologous four-gene
      sets that presumably evolved by the triplication of an ancestral set of four
      genes (epsilon-epsilon-psi beta-beta). Interestingly, the three genes (beta C,
      beta A, and beta F) located at the ends of the four-gene sets are expressed at
      different stages of development. Therefore, the goat beta F-, beta C-, and beta A
      globin genes appear to have evolved by a mechanism that includes the triplication
      of 40-50 kilobase pairs of DNA and the recruitment of newly formed genes for
      expression in fetal, preadult, and adult life.

PMID- 6593720
TI  - Alkane biosynthesis by decarbonylation of aldehydes catalyzed by a particulate
      preparation from Pisum sativum.
AB  - Mechanism of enzymatic conversion of a fatty acid to the corresponding alkane by
      the loss of the carboxyl carbon was investigated with particulate preparations
      from Pisum sativum. A heavy particulate preparation (sp. gr., 1.30 g/cm3)
      isolated by two density-gradient centrifugation steps catalyzed conversion of
      octadecanal to heptadecane and CO. Experiments with [1-3H,1-14C]octadecanal
      showed the stoichiometry of the reaction and retention of the aldehydic hydrogen
      in the alkane during this enzymatic decarbonylation. This decarbonylase showed an
      optimal pH of 7.0 and a Km of 35 microM for the aldehyde. This enzyme was
      severely inhibited by metal ion chelators and showed no requirement for any
      cofactors. Microsomal preparations and the particulate fractions from the first
      density-gradient step catalyzed acyl-CoA reduction to the corresponding aldehyde.
      Electron microscopic examination showed the presence of fragments of cell
      wall/cuticle but no vesicles in the decarbonylase preparation. It is concluded
      that the aldehydes produced by the acyl-CoA reductase located in the
      endomembranes of the epidermal cells are converted to alkanes by the
      decarbonylase located in the cell wall/cuticle region.

PMID- 6593721
TI  - Integration-specific retrovirus expression in embryonal carcinoma cells.
AB  - The undifferentiated embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell line PCC4 aza 1 was infected
      with a selectable amphotropic retrovirus. Although EC cells are generally
      refractory to retroviral gene expression, we found that approximately 1 of 5,000
      10,000 recombinant proviruses was transcribed in these cells. Cells containing an
      active recombinant provirus were cloned and expanded. Nucleic acid analysis
      revealed approximately one intact provirus per cell. Viral RNA levels were
      different for each cell clone examined [between 0.05% and 0.5% of the poly(A)+
      RNA], and transcription was initiated and terminated in the long terminal repeats
      as in permissive differentiated cells. The cells retained an undifferentiated
      phenotype and remained positive for stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 and
      negative for H-2 surface antigens. The cells retained the block to the expression
      of other proviruses integrated at other chromosomal locations. The data suggest
      that a cis-acting genetic element, at or near the chromosomal site of
      integration, or mutations in the viral control elements themselves may be
      responsible for provirus expression in these cells.

PMID- 6593722
TI  - Characterization of the genes specifying two metacyclic variable antigen types in
      Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.
AB  - Bloodstream trypanosomes evade the immune system of their mammalian host by
      sequentially expressing a large number of different variable surface
      glycoproteins (VSGs). In contrast, metacyclic trypanosomes, the final
      developmental stage in the tsetse fly, express a much more restricted set of
      VSGs. These metacyclic VSGs are the first to be exposed to the immune system of
      the mammalian host after infection and may offer the potential for the eventual
      development of a vaccine. We have identified cDNAs for two VSGs in cDNA libraries
      prepared from amplified metacyclic populations of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
      and show that they correspond to two different metacyclic serotypes.
      Determination of the cDNA sequences shows that metacyclic VSG mRNAs are similar
      to VSG mRNAs expressed during the bloodstream stage. Southern blots demonstrate
      that the metacyclic VSG genes are located near chromosomal telomeres. No evidence
      of gene rearrangement associated with expression of these VSGs was found.

PMID- 6593723
TI  - Genomic structure and possible retroviral origin of the chicken CR1 repetitive
      DNA sequence family.
AB  - We have analyzed the sequence and structure of three CR1 family repetitive
      elements found in the region adjoining the 3' end of a chicken calmodulin gene.
      Members of this family are approximately equal to 300 base pairs long and are
      dispersed throughout the chicken genome. The present data, when taken together
      with that from four CR1s sequenced previously, reveal that the CR1 family has an
      overall structure possessing several features associated with the long terminal
      repeats of avian retroviruses. This finding implies that a retroviral mechanism
      may be responsible for the dispersion of CR1 sequences throughout the chicken
      genome. The seven different CR1 repeats that have been analyzed exist at defined
      locations in the chicken genome relative to nearby structural genes. A
      directional polarity has been assigned to the CR1 family based upon limited
      sequence homology to mammalian Alu-type sequences. Interestingly, whether present
      in 5' - or 3'-flanking DNA, the CR1 sequences have an inverse orientation such
      that they all "point toward" the nearby structural genes. This is consistent with
      the previously proposed concept that chicken CR1 sequences may be involved in
      defining the boundaries of active chromosomal domains of gene expression.

PMID- 6593724
TI  - A purified fraction containing RNA polymerase I that can accurately transcribe
      rat ribosomal RNA gene.
AB  - Transcription of a cloned rat rDNA containing the transcription initiation region
      was studied using purified fractions derived from whole cell extract. The cell
      extract obtained from rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells was fractionated
      successively on DEAE-Sephadex and heparin-Sepharose columns. The fractions eluted
      by 175 mM (NH4)2SO4 (DE-B) from the DEAE-Sephadex column and those eluting with
      RNA polymerase I on the subsequent heparin-Sepharose column (HS-B) were used in a
      run-off transcription assay using Xho I-cleaved cloned rat rDNA. Both fractions
      that contained greater than 90% of the RNA polymerase I activity produced the
      anticipated 635-nucleotide-long transcript. Fractionation of fraction DE-B on a
      phosphocellulose column also resulted in a RNA polymerase I-containing complex
      that, by itself, could transcribe the rDNA accurately. The major polypeptides
      obtained after NaDodSO4/PAGE of fraction HS-B had Mr values of 190,000, 120,000,
      65,000, 42,000, and 25,000, corresponding to the major subunits of RNA polymerase
      I. Purified nuclear RNA polymerase I did not produce the correct transcript.
      These studies have shown that a purified fraction containing RNA polymerase I
      from whole cells can support accurate transcription of rDNA.

PMID- 6593725
TI  - Introductory analysis of the GTP-cap phase-change kinetics at the end of a
      microtubule.
AB  - An introductory analysis is provided for the two-phase macroscopic kinetic model
      of the end of a microtubule. Some general relations are derived for one end of a
      very long microtubule in solution but the main results refer to the steady-state
      properties of microtubules grown on nucleated sites, as in the experiments of
      Mitchison and Kirschner [Mitchison, T. & Kirschner, M. W. (1984) Nature (London),
      in press]. The two-phase model makes it possible to understand qualitatively how
      long microtubules can grow well below the critical concentration and also how
      grown microtubules can rapidly disappear from a nucleated site by shortening
      following a phase change.

PMID- 6593726
TI  - Target polypeptide of a carcinogen is associated with normal mitosis and
      carcinogen-induced hyperplasias in adult hepatocytes.
AB  - Normal rat liver cytosol was found previously to contain a 14,000-dalton
      polypeptide that is the principal target of the carcinogen N-2-fluorenylacetamide
      (2-acetyl-aminofluorene) early during hepatocarcinogenesis. By using antiserum
      that identifies the 14,000-dalton polypeptide in liver cytosol, an
      immunologically related 17,500-dalton polypeptide was shown to be present in
      isolated normal liver nuclei, tightly bound to chromatin. We report here that the
      14,000-dalton polypeptide is associated with cell multiplication in normal adult
      hepatocytes. Of 150 hepatocytes in five stages of mitosis, all invariably
      displayed a greatly increased concentration of the 14,000-dalton polypeptide in
      cytoplasm, compared to hepatocytes in interphase, by immunostaining with
      peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex. In contrast, mitosis did not appear to affect
      the level of the 17,500-dalton polypeptide in nuclei. A small population of high
      polyploid hepatocytes with large nuclei had elevated intensities of cytoplasmic
      immunostain that approached that in mitotic cells. The increased level of
      discernible 14,000-dalton polypeptide target of the carcinogen in cytoplasm is a
      marker of the rare mitotic hepatocytes in normal adult rat liver. Ingestion of
      the liver carcinogen N-2-fluorenylacetamide for 5 wk or an azocarcinogen, 3'
      methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, for 4 wk brought about early foci of
      hyperplastic hepatocytes in which there was a great overload of detectable 14,000
      dalton target polypeptide in their cytoplasm and a near absence of the 17,500
      dalton polypeptide in most nuclei. In contrast, the cytoplasm and nuclei in
      surrounding morphologically nontransformed hepatocytes of livers of the
      carcinogen-fed rats immunostained to a much smaller degree than in normal adult
      hepatocytes. Removal of the azo-dye carcinogen for 4 wk resulted in the
      disappearance of most hyperplastic foci. A few foci did persist and had similar
      apparent abnormal levels of the two polypeptides. The high concentration of
      discernible 14,000-dalton target polypeptide in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in
      the hyperplastic foci correlates with their known proliferation, whereas the low
      cytoplasmic level in the surrounding hepatocytes is consistent with the known
      inhibition of their mitosis by these carcinogens. The collected evidence appears
      to joint together a chemical carcinogen, a cytoplasmic principal target
      polypeptide, a chromatin-bound polypeptide, mitosis in normal adult hepatocytes,
      early and persistent hyperplastic foci caused by carcinogens, and the inhibition
      of mitosis by carcinogens in surrounding parenchyma in preneoplastic livers.

PMID- 6593727
TI  - Interactions between human tumor cells and fibroblasts stimulate hyaluronate
      synthesis.
AB  - Several types of tumors contain high concentrations of hyaluronate, yet isolated
      tumor cells in culture often produce little glycosaminoglycan. To explore the
      possibility that interactions between tumor cells and host fibroblasts stimulate
      hyaluronate synthesis, human tumor cells were grown separately from and in
      coculture with normal human fibroblasts. Stimulation was observed with each of
      the three types of tumor cells used: LX-1 lung carcinoma, DAN pancreatic
      carcinoma, and TRIG melanoma. The interaction between LX-1 cells and fibroblasts
      was studied in detail. Under serum-free conditions, cocultures of LX-1 and
      fibroblasts synthesized 3-fold more hyaluronate than the sum of that produced by
      LX-1 and fibroblast cultures grown separately. This stimulation was linear over
      72 hr and hyaluronate represented 80% of the glycosaminoglycan synthesized.
      Maximum stimulation occurred at a ratio of fibroblasts to LX-1 cells of 1-2:1.
      Quantitation of unlabeled glycosaminoglycans by HPLC analysis of disaccharides
      generated by digestion with chondroitin ABC and AC lyases (EC 4.2.2.4 and
      4.2.2.5) demonstrated that net accumulation of hyaluronate increased 2-fold and
      that hyaluronate represented 80% of total chondroitinase-sensitive
      glycosaminoglycan produced by the cocultures. The disaccharide patterns obtained
      showed that accumulations of chondroitin-4- and chondroitin-6-sulfates were
      stimulated proportionately to that of hyaluronate in these cocultures. Similar
      levels of stimulation due to coculture were obtained in serum-containing and
      serum-free media. Stimulation was not effected by addition of LX-1-conditioned
      medium to fibroblast cultures or by culturing LX-1 and fibroblasts under
      conditions where they shared the same medium but were physically separated. Cell
      contact between LX-1 and fibroblasts thus appears to be necessary for the
      stimulation of hyaluronate synthesis.

PMID- 6593729
TI  - In vivo nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shift imaging by selective
      irradiation.
AB  - NMR images of preselected chemically shifted species can be obtained by selective
      irradiation of the remainder of the NMR chemical shift spectrum prior to
      application of a conventional NMR imaging sequence. The chemical-selective
      irradiation consists of narrow-bandwidth pi/2 or saturation radio-frequency
      pulses applied in the absence of imaging gradients. The technique permits
      substantial reductions in scan and reconstruction times over standard three- and
      four-dimensional Fourier transform chemical-shift-imaging methods, when images of
      few spectral peaks are desired. It is also suitable for the elimination of
      chemical shift artifacts in conventional high-field NMR imaging. In vivo
      applications of the technique to the head and limbs in a 1.5-T magnetic field
      yield 1H H2O and -CH2-images, with little detectable -CH2- in muscle and brain.

PMID- 6593728
TI  - Activation of a translocated c-myc gene: role of structural alterations in the
      upstream region.
AB  - The translocated c-myc gene in AW-Ramos, a Burkitt lymphoma cell line carrying
      the 8;14 translocation, is expressed at 2- to 5-fold higher levels than c-myc in
      lymphoblastoid cell lines. The translocation event has joined c-myc to the IgM
      switch region. As a consequence, a recently identified immunoglobulin
      transcriptional enhancer element is not linked to the translocated c-myc gene.
      Chromosomal recombination occurs approximately equal to 340 nucleotides upstream
      of the c-myc 5' cap site, leaving all three c-myc exons intact. The nucleotide
      sequences of the two coding exons in the translocated c-myc gene are identical to
      those of the normal c-myc gene. Nucleotide sequence analyses of the first,
      noncoding c-myc exon and of the region between this exon and the chromosomal
      recombination point reveal two single-base differences from normal c-myc. Our
      data indicate that altered expression rather than an altered gene product is
      responsible for c-myc activation in AW-Ramos cells and that this is a result of
      either loss of regulatory sequences located greater than 340 nucleotides upstream
      of c-myc or disruption of normal c-myc regulation by one or both base
      substitutions. Alternatively, unidentified enhancer-like sequences in the Ig
      locus may alter the expression of c-myc.

PMID- 6593731
TI  - Understanding biological computation: reliable learning and recognition.
AB  - We experimentally examine the consequences of the hypothesis that the brain
      operates reliably, even though individual components may intermittently fail, by
      computing with dynamical attractors. Specifically, such a mechanism exploits
      dynamic collective behavior of a system with attractive fixed points in its phase
      space. In contrast to the usual methods of reliable computation involving a large
      number of redundant elements, this technique of self-repair only requires
      collective computation with a few units, and it is amenable to quantitative
      investigation. Experiments on parallel computing arrays show that this mechanism
      leads naturally to rapid self-repair, adaptation to the environment, recognition
      and discrimination of fuzzy inputs, and conditional learning, properties that are
      commonly associated with biological computation.

PMID- 6593730
TI  - 5 alpha-Cholest-8(14)-en-3 beta-ol-15-one lowers serum cholesterol and induces
      profound changes in the levels of lipoprotein cholesterol and apoproteins in
      monkeys fed a diet of moderate cholesterol content.
AB  - 5 alpha-Cholest-8(14)-en-3 beta-ol-15-one has been found to have significant
      hypocholesterolemic activity upon oral administration at a daily dosage of 75
      mg/kg of body weight to Rhesus monkeys fed a diet of moderate cholesterol (Chol)
      content [0.19 mg/kcal (1 cal = 4.184 J) of diet]. The reductions in total serum
      Chol levels (mean, -41%) were associated with even more striking reductions
      (mean, -61%) in the levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) plus very low density
      lipoprotein (VLDL) Chol and also with increases in high density lipoprotein (HDL)
      Chol levels (mean, +61%). The mean increase in HDL Chol was 33 mg/dl. In one
      animal, that with the lowest pretreatment HDL Chol level, the extent of the rise
      was 49 mg/dl (+120%). These changes were associated with reductions in the % of
      total serum Chol associated with LDL/VLDL, in the ratios of total Chol to HDL
      Chol and of LDL/VLDL Chol to HDL Chol, and in the levels of LDL protein. The 15
      ketosterol also increased the % of total Chol associated with HDL, increased the
      level of HDL protein, and induced a shift in the HDL profile to one in which the
      HDL2 species was the predominant species. All of these changes are those
      generally considered desirable for the treatment and/or prevention of
      atherosclerosis.

PMID- 6593732
TI  - Differential processing of prodynorphin and proenkephalin in specific regions of
      the rat brain.
AB  - Prodynorphin-derived peptides [dynorphin A (Dyn A)-(1-17), Dyn A-(1-8), Dyn B,
      alpha-neo-endorphin, and beta-neo-endorphin] and proenkephalin-derived peptides
      [[Leu]enkephalin [( Leu]Enk) and [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 [( Met]Enk-Arg
      Gly-Leu]) in selected brain areas of the rat were measured by specific
      radioimmunoassays. We report here that different regions of rat brain contain
      strikingly different proportions of the prodynorphin and proenkephalin-derived
      peptides. There is a molar excess of alpha-neo-endorphin-derived peptides over
      Dyn B and Dyn A-derived peptides in many brain areas. [Leu]Enk concentrations
      exceed those of [Met]Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu in certain brain areas such as the
      substantia nigra, dentate gyrus, globus pallidus, and median eminence (areas rich
      in dynorphin-related peptides). These results indicated that (i) there is
      differential processing of prodynorphin in different brain regions and (ii)
      [Leu]Enk may be derived from Dyn A or Dyn B (or both). In certain brain regions
      [Leu]Enk may derive from two separate precursors (prodynorphin and proenkephalin)
      in two distinct neuronal systems.

PMID- 6593733
TI  - Is ATP a central synaptic mediator for certain primary afferent fibers from
      mammalian skin?
AB  - The possibility that ATP acts as a synaptic mediator at the central terminals of
      primary afferent fibers was examined by applying it iontophoretically to neurons
      of the outer layers of the cat spinal cord in vivo. ATP proved to be selectively
      excitatory for a limited subset of spinal neurons. Those units consistently
      excited by ATP iontophoresis with very small currents (2-15 nA) responded to
      gentle mechanical stimulation of the skin and usually evidenced excitatory input
      from unmyelinated primary afferent fibers. Most units excited by ATP were
      specifically mechanoreceptive; a few neurons receiving excitatory input from both
      low-threshold mechanoreceptors and nociceptors also responded to ATP. Selectively
      nocireceptive neurons were unresponsive. Generally, the mechanoreceptive neurons
      excited by ATP were located in the deeper substantia gelatinosa or in the
      immediately adjacent nucleus proprius of the dorsal horn. The results suggest the
      presence of a purinergic excitatory receptor on central neurons receiving
      excitatory projection from tactile mechanoreceptors with fine-diameter afferent
      fibers and are consistent with the possibility that an ATP-like agent may mediate
      central synaptic excitation for this set of sense organs.

PMID- 6593734
TI  - Prevention of some electrophysiologic and biochemical abnormalities with oxygen
      supplementation in experimental diabetic neuropathy.
AB  - Endoneurial hypoxia has been suggested as a mechanism of human and experimental
      diabetic neuropathy (EDN). We found that rats rendered diabetic for 4 months had
      reduced nerve blood flow (NBF) and nerve oxygen tension (PnO2). The NBF was
      reduced by at least 33% in EDN and 60% of the oxygen tensions in the endoneurial
      O2 histogram were less than 25 mm Hg (3.3 kPa) in EDN compared with only 19% in
      the controls. To test the hypothesis that EDN may in part be due to hypoxia, we
      studied the effectiveness of oxygen supplementation in preventing some
      electrophysiologic and biochemical abnormalities. Rats with EDN had reduced
      caudal nerve conduction velocity and had a resistance to ischemic conduction
      block. When a matched groups of rats with EDN were O2 supplemented for 4 weeks,
      the time to 50% block of nerve conduction and nerve conduction velocity was no
      longer statistically different from controls. Endoneurial free sugars (glucose,
      fructose, sorbitol) were markedly increased in EDN. Oxygen supplementation
      resulted in no change in plasma glucose; by contrast, these increased endoneurial
      free sugars were significantly reduced (towards normal) by 60%, 33%, and 34%,
      respectively. myo-Inositol, however, was further decreased by oxygen
      supplementation. These findings of a partial prevention of electrophysiologic and
      biochemical abnormalities support a role of hypoxia in the pathogenesis of EDN.

PMID- 6593735
TI  - Pharmacomechanical coupling in smooth muscle may involve phosphatidylinositol
      metabolism.
AB  - Cholinergic contraction of canine trachealis muscle, a contraction that primarily
      utilizes membrane potential-independent mechanisms for activating contractile
      proteins (pharmacomechanical coupling), is associated with a decline in the
      phosphatidylinositol pool, an increase in the phosphatidic acid and
      diacylglycerol pools, and an increased incorporation of 32PO4 into
      phosphatidylinositol. We found that these changes occur during development of the
      contraction and during maintenance of tension and are independent of membrane
      depolarization or increases in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. These findings
      suggest that phosphatidylinositol turnover may be part of a receptor transduction
      process controlling receptor-operated Ca2+ channels or other membrane potential
      independent mechanisms involved in pharmacomechanical coupling in smooth muscle.

PMID- 6593737
TI  - Differences in blood pressure lowering effects in PGs following indirect and
      direct blood pressure measurements.

PMID- 6593736
TI  - Inheritance of a secondary sexual character in Drosophila silvestris.
AB  - Reciprocal crosses were carried out between laboratory stock specimens obtained
      from two races of Drosophila silvestris from the island of Hawaii that differ in
      a quantitative secondary sexual character. The race from the Hilo side of the
      island has a novel attribute, consisting of an extra row of cilia on the tibia of
      males, which is used during courtship. With regard to this character, sex-linked
      genes contribute about 30% of the difference, and the remaining 70% of the
      difference between the races is produced by genes on at least two autosomes. The
      novel character appears to have been the outcome of altered sexual selection in
      the Hilo-side race. In an altered genetic environment, resulting from a founder
      event or random genetic drift, sexual selection may take a new direction. Such a
      shift may serve as a model for incipient speciation.

PMID- 6593738
TI  - Design of ionophore hapten conjugates for electroimmunoassay.

PMID- 6593739
TI  - Binding of prostaglandins in porcine gastric mucosal tissues.

PMID- 6593740
TI  - Determination of the ratio of the contractions, induced by thromboxane A2 in the
      guinea pig lung parenchymal strip after exogenous administration and formation in
      the tissue.
AB  - A comparison was made of the contractile effects of exogenously added and
      endogenously formed TxA2 on guinea pig lung parenchyma. Aggregating platelets
      were used as a source of exogenous TxA2. After the addition to the lung strip,
      the contractions were measured. Endogenous formation of TxA2 was induced by
      adding either 1 micrograms P1A2 or 50 ng LTD4 to the strip. It was found that the
      ratio of potency of action of endogenous/exogenous TxA2 was 5.1 +/- 0.62 for P1A2
      and 5.0 +/- 1.3 for LTD4.

PMID- 6593741
TI  - The effects of 9-hydroxy-19,20-bis-norprostanoic acid on mucus, acid and gastrin
      secretion in duodenal ulcer patients.
AB  - The effects of 9-hydroxy-19,20-bis norprostanoic acid (rosaprostol, IBI), a new
      prostaglandin analogue, on gastric secretion and gastrin release were studied in
      15 patients with duodenal ulcer. In acute experiments, rosaprostol lowered
      pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion by 27-36%, whereas after chronic
      administration there were no changes in acid secretion or gastrin release
      (fasting and oxo-stimulated) but N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA)-glycoproteins
      increased significantly. Our results indicate that the antisecretory and
      mucopoietic activities of 9-hydroxy-19,20-bis-norprostanoic acid are the basis of
      its healing effect in duodenal ulcer patients.

PMID- 6593742
TI  - Analysis of the antagonist profile of SK&F 88046 on guinea pig trachea.
AB  - SK&F 88046 preferentially antagonized the contractions elicited by the functional
      thromboxane (Tx) A2 mimics and structural endoperoxide analogs, U-44069 and U
      46619, on the guinea pig trachea. This concentration-dependent antagonism was
      described by pA2 values of 7.03 against U-46619 and 6.97 against U-44069; the
      slopes of both Schild plots were 0.9. Whereas SK&F 88046 did not antagonize the
      tracheal contractions elicited by leukotriene (LT) C4 or D4, carbachol or
      histamine, this agent did antagonize the contractions induced by carbocyclic
      thromboxane A2 (CTA2) and prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha and D2. At 1 X 10(-5)M SK&F
      88046, the antagonism was described by -log KB values of 5.9 for CTA2, 5.5 for
      PGF2 alpha, and 6.4 for PGD2. Thus, SK&F 88046 was 3 to 20-fold more potent an
      antagonist of U-44069 and U-46619, suggesting that SK&F 88046 may function
      primarily as a thromboxane/endoperoxide antagonist on the guinea pig trachea.

PMID- 6593743
TI  - Effect of dietary depletion and repletion of linoleic acid on renal fatty acid
      composition and urinary prostaglandin excretion.
AB  - To study the effect of dietary modification on urinary prostaglandin E (UPGE)
      excretion and on renal fatty acid compositions, weanling male rats were raised on
      a fat-free diet for 6 weeks and were switched to a diet containing 2 energy % of
      linoleic acid (LA) for 8 days. During fat deprivation, UPGE excretion increased
      in the first week (6.9 ng/24 hours urine), fell to a minimum of 1.1 ng/24 hours
      at 3rd week and thereafter remained at a level lower than that in the controls
      (3.1 ng/24 hours). UPGE excretion returned rapidly to normal (2.7 ng/hr) only 24
      hours after LA supplementation. During LA treatment, arachidonic acid (AA)
      concentrations in renal cholesteryl esters rapidly increased from 19% to 27% (33%
      in the controls), while concentrations in renal phospholipids (PL) and renal free
      fatty acids (FFA) did not change during the first four days but reached the
      normal range at the 8th day. The present studies demonstrate that chronically fat
      deficient animals excreted significantly less UPGE than that in the controls.
      However, this deficiency could be rapidly reversed by LA supplementation despite
      the fact that AA levels in renal lipid fractions remained well below normal. This
      suggests that dietary LA may be rapidly converted to AA and subsequently to PGE
      without AA levels rising in the lipid fractions usually thought of as being PG
      precursors.

PMID- 6593744
TI  - Ultraviolet-evoked prostaglandin biosynthesis in varying stages of keratinocyte
      differentiation in guinea pig skin.
AB  - Prostaglandin (PG) production by guinea pig epidermal cells was evaluated at
      various incubation intervals in normal and UV-exposed cultures. Prostaglandins
      have been implicated as mediators of the early phase of erythema in skin exposed
      to sunlight or UV-radiation. Using a density gradient centrifugation procedure,
      the epidermal cells were fractionated according to the various maturation stages
      of epidermal keratinocytes: high-density epidermal cells (HDEC) consisting of
      round, less mature cells; low-density epidermal cells (LDEC) consisting of
      polygonal keratinized cells; and intermediate-density epidermal cells (IDEC)
      consisting of both HDEC and LDEC. When cultures of 1 X 10(6) cells were incubated
      at 37 degrees C in 5% CO2 the highest concentrations of five PG moieties measured
      were present in supernatants from the LDEC cultures as compared to those of IDEC
      or HDEC. Levels of PGF 2 alpha were much higher than the rest, which were found
      in the order PGF2 alpha greater than PGE2 greater than PGE1 greater than 6-keto
      PGF1 alpha greater than thromboxane (TX)B2. UV-irradiation induced increases in
      all but TXA2 production. These results identify and quantitate five compounds
      produced as a result of exaggerated activity of the cyclooxygenase induced by UV
      irradiation.

PMID- 6593745
TI  - Prostaglandins and mutagenesis: prevention and/or reversibility of genetic damage
      induced by benzo (a) pyrene in the bone marrow cells of mice by prostaglandin E1.
AB  - Prostaglandin E1 and thromboxane A2 (PGE1 and TXA2) have been proposed to bind to
      DNA, regulate gene action and prevent mutagenesis. Benzo (a) pyrene (BP) is a
      known mutagen and tumor promotor. BP-induced damage to the bone marrow cells of
      mice was prevented and/or reversed by PGE1 and by colchicine, an agent which may
      enhance PGE1 synthesis and TXA2 synthesis or action. PGF2 alpha did not have any
      action. Imidazole, a selective TXA2 synthesis inhibitor, enhanced the mutagenic
      action of benzo (a) pyrene. These results lend support to the concept that an
      altered PG system may have a role in the pathogenesis of mutagenesis and
      carcinogenesis.

PMID- 6593746
TI  - 6-Keto prostaglandin F1 alpha, thromboxane B2 and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto
      prostaglandin F levels in maternal and fetal plasma.
AB  - In order to investigate the physiological roles of prostaglandins during
      pregnancy, delivery and the postpartum period, the plasma concentration of 6-keto
      prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto PGF1 alpha), a stable metabolite of prostacyclin,
      thromboxane B2 (TXB2), a stable metabolite of thromboxane A2, and 13,14-dihydro
      15-keto prostaglandin F(PGFM) were measured by specific radioimmunoassay. In
      addition, at delivery, plasma 6-keto PGF1 alpha and PGFM concentration were
      measured in maternal, umbilical arterial and venous plasma. 6-Keto PGF1 alpha,
      TXB2 and PGFM levels did not change during pregnancy. 6-Keto PGF1 alpha level at
      delivery was somewhat higher than during pregnancy but not significantly so. PGFM
      level was significantly higher than during pregnancy. Umbilical arterial 6-keto
      PGF1 alpha concentration was significantly higher than umbilical venous or
      maternal plasma at delivery. Umbilical venous 6-keto PGF1 alpha level was
      somewhat higher than that of maternal plasma but the increase was not
      significant. There was no significant difference between umbilical arterial and
      venous concentrations of PGFM, but maternal PGFM level was significantly higher
      than that of fetal plasma. In the postpartum period, PGFM and TXB2 concentrations
      were significantly higher than before delivery. However 6-keto PGF1 alpha level
      in the postpartum period did not significantly differ from before delivery. The
      results of this study may indicate high prostacyclin production by the fetus and
      that PGF and TXA2 concentration change in the postpartum period.

PMID- 6593747
TI  - Reduction in thromboxane formation by n-3 fatty acids enriched lung microsomes
      from rat and guinea pig following the ingestion of dietary menhaden oil.
AB  - Feeding rats and guinea pigs on a diet containing 5% menhaden oil altered the
      fatty acid composition of lung microsomes. The lung microsomal phospholipids
      contained increased amounts of n-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic (20:5) and
      docosahexaenoic acid (20:6), following the ingestion of menhaden oil. There was a
      concomitant decrease in arachidonic acid (20:4) levels in rat lung microsomes,
      but no significant change of this fatty acid was observed in the microsomes from
      guinea pigs. The ability of lung microsomes to convert 14C-arachidonic acid into
      thromboxane (TXB) was reduced by the enrichment of n-3 fatty acids in the
      microsomal lipids.

PMID- 6593748
TI  - The effect of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) on circulating eosinophils.
AB  - Infusion of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) into dogs for 60 minutes at a rate of 1
      microgram/kg/min produced a marked and rapid reduction in circulating eosinophils
      within 2 minutes, without any significant change in neutrophil count. Recovery
      was also rapid, with levels similar to those of a control group of dogs being
      reached 60 minutes after finishing the infusion. In dogs given PGD2 the
      hematocrit rose more rapidly than in the control group. The platelet count did
      not alter significantly.

PMID- 6593749
TI  - Stimulation of prostaglandin E2 synthesis in human amnion cells maintained in
      monolayer culture by a substance(s) in amniotic fluid.
AB  - A substance(s) in amniotic fluid of human pregnancies promotes a striking
      increase in prostaglandin E2 production in human amnion cells maintained in
      primary monolayer culture. The prostaglandin E2 synthesis-stimulatory factor(s)
      acts in a time- and dose-dependent manner to accelerate prostaglandin E2
      formation. We suggest that a substance of fetal origin enters amniotic fluid by
      way of fetal urine and acts to regulate prostaglandin E2 synthesis in amnion.
      Such a process may be of fundamental importance in the regulation of amniotic
      fluid volume homeostasis and in the initiation of parturition.

PMID- 6593750
TI  - Naloxone alters the effects of LSD, DOM and quipazine on operant behavior of
      rats.
AB  - Administration of the indolealkylamine hallucinogen d-lysergic acid diethylamide
      (LSD), the phenethylamine hallucinogen 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM)
      and the putative 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) agonist quipazine all produced a dose
      dependent decrease in fixed ratio (FR-40) response rates and a concomitant
      increase in the number of 10-second pause intervals. Although naloxone (4.0
      mg/kg) had no effect on FR-40 responding per se, the pause-producing effects of
      LSD and, to a lesser extent, DOM were potentiated by pretreatment with naloxone.
      The action of quipazine on reinforcers was unaffected by combination with
      naloxone, while the effect on pause intervals was slightly attenuated by naloxone
      pretreatment. These data and previous studies suggest that the pause-producing
      effects of indolealkylamine and phenethylamine hallucinogens reflect their
      activation of a selective portion of brain 5-HT receptors. The potentiation of
      these effects by naloxone may relate to a modulation of central 5-HT systems by
      endogenous opioid mechanisms tending to restore an imbalance in various 5-HT
      pathways caused by the hallucinogenic 5-HT agonists. The more generalized
      disruptive effects of quipazine on brain 5-HT systems may be less susceptible to
      the endogenous opioid modulation or may actually combine with it to induce a
      greater disruption.

PMID- 6593751
TI  - Long-term effects of fenofibrate on serum lipids and on lipoprotein cholesterol
      in type II hyperlipoproteinemic patients.
AB  - Twenty two patients with primary type II hyperlipoproteinemia (13 phenotype IIa
      and 9 phenotype IIb) were treated with fenofibrate 300 mg a day for 4-12 months.
      Serum total cholesterol decreased, on the average, by 22 per cent and LDL
      cholesterol by 24 per cent. In the patients with familial hypercholesterolemia,
      total cholesterol decreased by 28 per cent and LDL cholesterol by 31 per cent.
      One patient with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia showed the greatest
      fall of total and LDL cholesterol (44 and 48 per cent respectively) and this was
      accompanied by a nearly complete disappearance of xanthelasmas and xanthomas.

PMID- 6593752
TI  - Food intake during tumor growth: anorexia in genetically obese ob/ob mice and
      hyperphagia in lean mice.
AB  - Recent findings indicate that obese (ob/ob) mice suffer a low incidence of lung
      metastasis and survive longer than lean (+/?) littermates following injection
      with B16 melanoma cells [34]. The present study examined the food intake of obese
      and lean mice during the growth of this tumor. Mice from both groups increased
      their food intake by small and approximately equal amounts during the first three
      quarters of the survival period following injection with 10(6) cells, and body
      weights remained fairly stable. During the final quarter, however, obese mice
      became anorexic whereas lean mice became intensely hyperphagic; body weights
      changed accordingly. Thus, food intake is differentially affected by tumor growth
      in this form of genetic obesity.

PMID- 6593753
TI  - Cortisol response to dextroamphetamine stimulation in depressed outpatients.
AB  - Endogenously depressed inpatients often fail to release cortisol following
      intravenous (i.v.) amphetamine, unlike nondepressed control subjects. We
      therefore assessed the ability of i.v. dextroamphetamine, 0.15 mg/kg, to induce
      cortisol release in 64 depressed outpatients diagnosed according to Research
      Diagnostic Criteria (RDC). After dextroamphetamine challenge, more patients with
      major depression failed to release substantial cortisol (30%) than those without
      major depression (5%). Major depressives with endogenous subtype failed to
      release cortisol (38%) more frequently than those without endogenous depression
      (23%), but this difference was not significant. After baseline cortisol, sex, and
      weight loss were controlled for in a regression analysis, however, RDC diagnosis
      of major depression or endogenous subtype did not account for significant
      additional variance in cortisol release. In outpatients, abnormal cortisol
      response to amphetamine may be more closely related to baseline cortisol, sex,
      and history of weight loss than to RDC subtype of depression.

PMID- 6593754
TI  - Depression, suicide, and aggression in alcoholics and their relationship to
      plasma amino acids.
AB  - In an earlier study we found an association in alcoholic patients between
      depression and low ratios of tryptophan over amino acids sharing with it the same
      transport carrier into the brain. A decreased tryptophan ratio has been shown to
      be correlated with lower brain tryptophan and serotonin. Because it has been
      postulated that altered serotonin metabolism may be a highly significant
      contributing factor not only to depression but also to aggressive and suicidal
      behavior, we decided to assess the existence of possible associations between
      amino acid abnormalities and these behaviors in a population of alcoholics. We
      observed a significant association between histories of aggression and
      depression. In addition, depressed patients with a history of aggression were
      found to have the lowest tryptophan ratio values. These values differed
      significantly from those found in depressed patients with no aggression history
      and from those observed in patients with no history of aggression and depression.
      Two of the three suicide attempters in the study fell also in the group of
      patients with an aggression history. Our data suggest the existence of a subgroup
      of alcoholics with marked amino acid abnormalities at risk for manifestations of
      depression, suicide, and aggression.

PMID- 6593755
TI  - The experience of insomnia and daytime and nighttime functioning.
AB  - Ten insomniacs and matched control subjects, in whom major physiologic disorders
      such as sleep apnea and nocturnal myoclonus were ruled out, underwent studies of
      sleep, temperature, motor activity, cognitive performance, and perception of
      depth of sleep. Subjective descriptions of sleep differed significantly between
      insomniacs and normals on a variety of variables. In contrast, polysomnographic
      evaluation showed increased intermittent waking time and decreased sleep
      efficiency, and only a tendency toward decreased total sleep and increased sleep
      latency. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) evaluation revealed
      that insomniacs had higher scores on the F, D, and SI scales, and lower values on
      the K scale. On cognitive testing, insomniacs did well on tests of episodic
      (recent) memory, but displayed major deficits in accessing semantic memory
      (retrieval of material already known). Compared to normals, insomniacs described
      rapid eye movement (REM) sleep as relatively "light" sleep.

PMID- 6593756
TI  - The sleep of patients with panic disorder: a preliminary report.
AB  - Electroencephalographic sleep recordings were compared in patients with panic
      disorder and normal controls. Correlation coefficients of standard sleep
      parameters versus ratings of anxiety, depression, and panic attack frequency were
      calculated in the panic-anxious patients. Overall findings are discussed in the
      context of previous sleep studies in patients with depressive, anxiety, and
      obsessive-compulsive disorders.

PMID- 6593757
TI  - Concurrent use of REM latency, dexamethasone suppression, clonidine, and
      apomorphine tests as biological markers of endogenous depression: a pilot study.
AB  - In a sample of 12 major depressive inpatients, endogenous subtype (8 primary and
      4 secondary) defined by Research Diagnostic Criteria, we compared the sensitivity
      of four potential biological markers: latency of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
      (recorded during at least 4 consecutive nights), dexamethasone suppression, and
      the clonidine and apomorphine tests. Shortened REM latency (less than 50 minutes
      during at least 1 night) identified 67% of depressives (87% of primary and 25% of
      secondary); nonsuppression after dexamethasone identified 50% of depressives (62%
      of primary and 25% of secondary); blunted growth hormone (GH) response after
      clonidine identified 75% of depressives (100% of primary and 25% of secondary);
      and blunted GH response after apomorphine identified 42% of depressives (62% of
      primary and 0% of secondary). Ninety-two percent of patients were correctly
      identified by at least one biological marker (100% of primary and 75% of
      secondary depressives). Of 67% of patients positive on at least two biological
      markers, all were primary depressives (100%). These four biological markers do
      not necessarily identify the same population, suggesting that their concurrent
      use may yield the highest level of diagnostic sensitivity.

PMID- 6593759
TI  - The impacted maxillary canine (I). Surgical considerations and management.

PMID- 6593758
TI  - Affective disorder and substance abuse in women with bulimia.
AB  - One hundred and eight women with bulimia were evaluated for affective disorder
      and alcohol or drug abuse, by means of the DSM-III diagnostic criteria. In this
      sample, 43.5% had a history of affective disorder and 18.5% had a history of
      alcohol or drug abuse. Approximately 56% of the bulimia patients scored within
      the moderate to severe range of depression on the Beck Depression Inventory.

PMID- 6593760
TI  - The impacted maxillary canine (II). Orthodontic considerations and management.

PMID- 6593761
TI  - Comprehensive treatment for a complex dental problem--a case report.

PMID- 6593762
TI  - Walton's projection in maxillary first and second molars.

PMID- 6593763
TI  - Practice building with a patient newsletter.

PMID- 6593764
TI  - [Complete dentures in the laboratory].

PMID- 6593765
TI  - [Orthodontic appliance design. Diverse, small orthodontic measurements (II)].

PMID- 6593766
TI  - [Use of alternative alloys in metalloceramics. Challenge to the dental
      technician].

PMID- 6593767
TI  - [A simple method of regulating the ceramic oven].

PMID- 6593768
TI  - Paget's sarcoma of bone.
AB  - The most sinister complication of Paget's disease is malignant degeneration. The
      true etiology of Paget's disease remains unproven and unknown. The relative
      incidence of sarcoma ranges from 0.9% to 20% depending upon the population
      source. The anatomical distribution of lesions is similar to that of
      uncomplicated Paget's disease except for the high incidence in the humerus and
      rare occurrence in the spine. Approximately 50% of the lesions histologically
      represent osteosarcomas, with fibrosarcoma, fibrous histiocytoma, chondrosarcoma
      and giant cell tumor rarely occurring. The radiographic presentation is most
      commonly lytic, but sclerotic and mixed patterns occur. Cortical destruction and
      soft tissue mass are the cardinal radiographic signs. Malignant periosteal
      response is seldom found associated with Paget's sarcoma. The most common sites
      are femur, humerus, pelvis, skull and tibia. The prognosis is fatal at a very
      rapid rate. There are but a few isolated cases of long-term survival reported.

PMID- 6593769
TI  - Principles of problem solving and participation decision making.

PMID- 6593771
TI  - Obturator construction for maxillary orthopedics in cleft lip and palate infants.

PMID- 6593770
TI  - Maxillofacial prosthetics: rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients (III).

PMID- 6593772
TI  - Choosing an accountant: advice for the lab owner.

PMID- 6593773
TI  - Progestogen and prostaglandin-combined treatments for synchronization of oestrus
      in post partum crossbred (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) or zebu cows.

PMID- 6593774
TI  - In vitro assessment of drug sensitivity in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6593775
TI  - Short-term in vitro sensitivity testing in acute leukemia.
AB  - To detect sensitivity or resistance of leukemic cells to chemotherapy prior to
      treatment, a short-term incubation method was employed. Blast cells from the
      peripheral blood or bone marrow of adult patients with different forms of acute
      leukemia were analyzed for in vitro responsiveness to cytostatic agents in terms
      of suppression of nucleoside precursor (3H-uridine, 3H-deoxyuridine)
      incorporation into the cells. Retrospectively, the in vitro data were compared to
      the clinical response of the patients to polychemotherapy. In the majority of
      patients, in vitro cytotoxic effectiveness of doxorubicin and ara-C reflected the
      in vivo situation. The levels of in vitro inhibition that could distinguish
      between drug-sensitive and drug-resistant diseases appeared to be 30% for
      doxorubicin and 20% for ara-C. No correlation was found between the doxorubicin
      effect in vitro and the proliferative state of the leukemic cell populations.
      Serial in vitro testing during the course of the disease of various patients
      proved the ability of the test system to detect acquired resistance to
      chemotherapeutic agents. Studies with established cell lines (HL-60, Raji)
      indicated that the short-term test in its present form is probably not suited to
      monitor the effect of drug combinations in vitro.

PMID- 6593776
TI  - Growth factor enhancement of the in vitro stem cell assay.

PMID- 6593777
TI  - The effect of chemotherapy on human bone sarcomas: a clinical and experimental
      study.

PMID- 6593778
TI  - Experimental approaches to outcome prediction in acute myeloblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6593779
TI  - Experimental approaches to drug testing and clonogenic growth: results in
      multiple myeloma and acute myelogenous leukemia.

PMID- 6593780
TI  - [Low-dose cytosine arabinoside in the treatment of myeloblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6593781
TI  - [Criteria for choosing an amalgam in 1983].

PMID- 6593782
TI  - [Radiography of children].

PMID- 6593783
TI  - [Proper use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents].

PMID- 6593784
TI  - Pituitary hyperthyroidism: report of three cases.

PMID- 6593785
TI  - Radiographic case of the month. Mesenteric infarction.

PMID- 6593786
TI  - Traffic fatalities in Rhode Island: Part III. The role of the motorcycle.

PMID- 6593787
TI  - [Rational surgical treatment of mandibular retrognathism].
AB  - The authors expose their approach in the surgical treatment of mandibular
      retrognathism. They study the anomalies in the transverse, vertical and sagittal
      directions. They increase the transverse size of the maxilla by the mean of an
      original technique ("trident" osteotomy) recently described. Also they show
      several technical procedures about incisions, osteotomies and osteosynthesis.

PMID- 6593788
TI  - [Mandibular laterognathism and its treatment].
AB  - It is proposed to alter the classification of laterognathy due to excessive
      unilateral development of the mandible into hypercondyly and mandibular
      hemihypertrophy. Two forms are distinguished: those with occlusal modifications
      and those with conserved occlusal ratios and compensatory skeletal deformities
      usually involving the two stages. Treatment of laterognathy with occlusal
      deformity is usually by condylectomy--a simple operation with rapid results and
      excellent articular tolerance. Treatment of those forms with marked skeletal
      deformity is usually by condylectomy combined with a Lefort I of occlusal
      adaptation, surgery for the basilar border being difficult and aleatory except in
      the region of the chin.

PMID- 6593789
TI  - [Pathogenesis of spontaneous late changes in the dental arches].
AB  - During childhood and adolescent years, the buccal musculature characteristics as
      well as the anatomical relation between the lips and the incisors, change. The
      consequence of these maturation phenomena is the retroclination of the incisors.
      In certain cases, this results in a decrease of the dental arches' length which
      is sufficient to create those belated dental malpositionings due to lack of
      space.

PMID- 6593790
TI  - [Stenosis of the external ear canal due to meniscus intrusion].
AB  - The authors, maxillo-facial and ENT surgeons, present a unique case of hearing
      impairment due to external meatus obstruction, occurring at mandibular occlusion.
      On the contrary, a dimple of the anterior wall was noted at opening of the mouth,
      with recovery of the hearing impairment. The external meatus returned to normal
      after resection of posterior mandibular disc protrusion, combined with
      interposition of a cartilaginous homograft. Etiology of this condition is unknown
      and a search through the literature revealed no similar observation.

PMID- 6593791
TI  - [Scanning radiographic evaluation of cleft lip and palate].
AB  - The works of Paul Tessier, M.D., have shown the frequent association of facial
      and cranial clefts. After studying eleven cases of cleft palate which could be
      associated to encephalic anomalies, we conclude that we cannot systematize an
      evaluation by CAT-scan for low and isolated cleft palates. On the other hand, as
      soon as an association exists with: a psychomotor deficit (even slight);
      neurologic symptoms; a participation of the eye or the socket, the scanner
      evaluation becomes necessary.

PMID- 6593792
TI  - [Gangrenous cellulitis of the face. Apropos of a case].
AB  - Gangrenous cellulitis of the face of dental origin had a very abrupt onset,
      spread rapidly in spite of treatment and led to severe pleuropericardial
      complications. The outcome was favorable after repeated thoracic surgery.
      Preventive therapeutic measures for these major accidents are discussed,
      following a detailed report on the case presented and treatment modalities
      applicable, fatal outcomes still being possible in 1984 in spite of progress in
      therapy.

PMID- 6593793
TI  - [Wide excision in cancer of the tongue: the choice of approach, modalities of
      reconstruction].
AB  - Surgical treatment of extensive carcinoma of the tongue requires reconsideration
      at the present time: firstly, because the efficacy of other therapeutic measures
      is rapidly suppressed by the size of the tumors, and there is not theoretical
      reason for excluding extensive surgery, and secondly, because esthetic and
      functional sequelae of these bloody treatments have been totally modified by the
      introduction of new reconstructive techniques. Based on a series of 16 cases
      treated during a one-year period, the conditions for surgery of vast malignant
      tongue tumors (T3, T4, N indifferent) are analyzed, and findings emphasize the
      need for a wide approach. Clear exposure is obtained, the continuity of the
      mandibular arch is conserved, and effective anatomical and functional
      reconstruction obtained of tissues sacrificed by the musculocutaneous flaps.

PMID- 6593794
TI  - [Reconstruction of the loss of substance of the lower lip. The "running
      stairstep" technic].
AB  - Reconstruction of near the totality of the lower lip after oncological resection
      or traumatic amputation, is a very challenging problem. The "step technique",
      introduced by Johanson, allows a good repair of the amputated lip, regarding
      amplitude, colour and function. The design of the flaps is recalled; and the
      authors present two cases which demonstrate the good result obtained with this
      simple but reliable method.

PMID- 6593795
TI  - [Striated lichenoid keratosis. 2 cases with oral manifestations].
AB  - We present two cases of keratosis lichenoides striata. Both patients have the
      typical features of the disease: linear verrucous formations on the limbs, and a
      seborrheic--like dermatitis. The oral mucosa was involved, showing erythematous
      patches and papules. A treatment by etretinate did not bring a significant
      improvement.

PMID- 6593796
TI  - [Epidermal nevus syndrome. A case with oral involvement].
AB  - We report the case of a girl with a large epidermal nevus involving the right
      superior part of the body, i.e. scalp, face, neck, chest, and oral mucosa. Stress
      is laid on the clinical features of the mucosal involvement of the epidermal
      nevus syndrome.

PMID- 6593797
TI  - [Primary neuroblastoma of the mandible. Apropos of a case].
AB  - Concerning an observation of mandibular neuroblastoma, the problem of a probable
      primary localization of this neurocristopathy is raised on the face level.
      Actually, classically speaking, it can only be a question of metastasis revealing
      a tumor initially located in the abdomen, the thorax, or more rarely in the
      pelvis or the neck. However, the evolution of the lesion under treatment leading
      to complete cure within three years denies the secondary nature of the process.
      Related to the three other cases in the world that have so far been published,
      our observation enables to assert the reality of the primary development of a
      neuroblastoma on the mandibular level. The coherent reasoning is founded on the
      role of neural crests in facial embryogenesis whose vitiation offers a logical
      explanation to this exceptional phenomenon.

PMID- 6593798
TI  - [Mandibular bone tumors. Diagnostic difficulties].
AB  - A session of the "Societe de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie maxillo-faciale de
      France" was devoted to a discussion of diagnostic difficulties in cases of
      mandibular bone tumors. Several case-reports were presented as a basis for
      comments on clinical and radiologic criteria of the benign or malignant nature of
      bone tumors, these being the foundation on which to establish the most effective
      surgical approach to adopt. Pre-operative biopsy is not considered essential when
      confirmation of diagnostic has been obtained.

PMID- 6593799
TI  - [Mandibular aneurysmal cyst associated with cementifying fibroma. A case report].
AB  - Recurrence of an aneurysmal cyst and cementifying fibroma in a 13 year old
      adolescent required treatment by mandibular resection. Published data on combined
      aneurysmal cysts and other lesions are reviewed and a new entity, the
      desmoosteoblastoma of the psammomatous type, discussed.

PMID- 6593800
TI  - [Bifocal odontogenic calcified epithelial tumor (Pindborg's tumor). A morphologic
      and ultrastructural study].
AB  - Histoenzymologic and ultrastructural examinations were conducted on a doubly
      located calcified odontogenic epithelial tumor. The cells of the tumor,
      developing in both the maxilla and mandible, differed from those of the common
      ameloblastoma, being all of the malpighian type without any secretory polarity.
      Furthermore, optical and electronic microscopy showed evidence of marked alkaline
      phosphatases and ATPases activity in their numerous peripheral microvilli. These
      identical activities to those of the stratum intermedium could suggest the origin
      of the tumor from these latter cells. But, like the preameloblasts of the dental
      germ, these tumoral cells produce in their intracytoplasmic vesicles and then
      excrete into the stroma, a granulofilamentous substance, pseudo-amyloid, which
      could thus represent an abnormal protein of the enamel matrix. The
      calcifications, mainly present in this amyloid-like substance, are the expression
      of an attempt to mineralize this abnormal matrix. Stromal calcifications may
      result from a sketchy odontogenetic induction, as shown by the intense activity
      of ATPases and alkaline phosphatases on the fibroblastic cytoplasm membranes.

PMID- 6593802
TI  - [Microsurgery of dental caries: utopia or reality?].

PMID- 6593801
TI  - [A case of familially associated cherubism, centro-osseous giant cell granulomas
      and giant cell tumors of the jaws].
AB  - Fourteen years after the discovery of cherubism a young woman presented
      reconstructive granulomas of the maxilla and mandible. Her grandmother and father
      had had giant cell mandibular tumors.

PMID- 6593803
TI  - Histology, innervation and radiographic appearance of fetal rat tooth germs
      developing in oculo.
AB  - Rat molar and incisor tooth germs from gestational days 18-21 were homologously
      grafted to the anterior eye chamber of adult recipients. The fetal tooth
      transplants survived and grew considerably in the eye, attached to and
      vascularized from the anterior surface of the host iris. Grafts were examined
      histologically and compared with in situ controls after up to 6 months in oculo.
      Radiographic examinations of the grafts showed a normal rate of mineralization
      and a distinct enamel/dentin border after intraocular development. The size of
      the tooth grafts was somewhat smaller than in situ but the grafted teeth attained
      a form much resembling in situ incisors and molars. Light microscopy revealed a
      regular dentin and predentin, a distinct dentin/enamel border and a well
      innervated and vascularized pulp. No degenerative changes in dentin or enamel
      layers could be found in long-term grafts (6 months). Thus, intraocular tooth
      grafts in rats develop many histologic and anatomic features typical of normal
      teeth, emphasizing the importance of intrinsic regulatory mechanisms in tooth
      development.

PMID- 6593804
TI  - Surgical treatment of ankylosed and infrapositioned reimplanted incisors in
      adolescents.
AB  - A method for preserving the alveolar ridge of ankylosed and infrapositioned
      incisors and improving conditions for a subsequent prosthetic therapy is
      described and evaluated clinically and radiographically. The method involves
      removal of the crown and root filling from the root, which is retained and
      covered with a mucoperiosteal flap. Clinically, there were no postoperative
      complications and after the follow-up a satisfactory prosthetic restoration was
      performed in all cases, regardless of the degree of infraposition before
      treatment. Radiographically, no pathologic changes were observed apart from a
      continuous resorption and replacement of lost root substance by bone. Alveolar
      bone level shifted only slightly between postoperative and 12-month follow-up
      radiographs, in a majority of cases in a coronal direction.

PMID- 6593805
TI  - Three-year study of the effect of fluoride varnish (Duraphat) on proximal caries
      progression in teenagers.
AB  - The effect of sodium fluoride varnish (Duraphat) applications on proximal caries
      progression was studied during a 3-yr period in 87 teenagers and compared to a
      control group (n = 107). In the fluoride varnish group the children were treated
      with fluoride varnish every third month during the experimental period. Caries
      lesions on the mesial surfaces of first premolars to the mesial surfaces of
      second molars were recorded annually on radiographs and an individual progression
      value was calculated. The study showed that topical application of fluoride
      varnish every third month significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced the
      progression of proximal caries lesions in premolars and molars. The most obvious
      reduction of caries progression was observed among children who developed between
      two and eight new proximal lesions during the test period. In the children with
      the highest caries activity (greater than nine new proximal lesions) Duraphat
      treatments did not significantly reduce proximal caries progression in premolars
      and molars.

PMID- 6593806
TI  - Short term fasting and lactovegetarian diet does not affect human saliva.
AB  - Forty-two adults, visiting a Swedish health home, participated in the
      investigation, which included a 6-day period of fasting, followed by a 6-day
      period with a lactovegetarian diet. The results obtained indicated only a minor
      and mostly not significant influence on secretion rate, buffer effect,
      concentration of various electrolytes, and number of lactobacilli and S. mutans
      of whole saliva.

PMID- 6593807
TI  - Stimulated salivary flow rate, pH and lactobacillus and yeast concentrations in
      persons with different types of dentition.
AB  - The flow rate of stimulated whole saliva did not differ significantly in relation
      to dentition in men and premenopausal women in an unmedicated population. In the
      postmenopausal women the flow rate was lower in full denture wearers and in those
      having a highly reduced number of occluding pairs of teeth. Full denture wearers
      had salivary yeasts and lactobacilli more often and with higher counts than fully
      dentate persons, a group which in any case showed a difference in the yeast
      distribution between the sexes.

PMID- 6593808
TI  - Inhibitory effect of NH4Cl on secretion of collagen in human gingival
      fibroblasts.
AB  - The general protein synthesis in human gingival fibroblasts as measured by 14C
      proline incorporation was only moderately inhibited by 10 mM NH4C1 during
      incubation for 36 h. The proportion secreted as noncollagen protein and recovered
      from the cellular fraction as collagen was not significantly affected, whereas a
      pronounced inhibitory effect on the secretion of collagen was evident after 24 h.
      This effect was dose dependent, with a significant inhibition of collagen
      secretion even at 2 mM ammonia. The applied concentrations of NH4C1 had no
      significant effect on the hydroxylation of prolyl residues in collagen. Ammonia
      had no inhibitory effect on the secretion of fibronectin, another major secretory
      protein from fibroblasts. When comparing different lysosomotropic agents; NH4C1,
      chloroquine and methylamine, the most prominent effect was consistently found to
      be an inhibition of the secretion of collagen.

PMID- 6593809
TI  - Cultivation on solid media of spirochetes in subgingival plaque from advanced
      marginal periodontitis in humans.
AB  - Six solid substrates were compared for suitability to support growth of
      spirochetes from 18 subgingival plaque samples in patients with advanced marginal
      periodontitis. The following substrates with rabbit serum were tested: BHIA-SC +
      blood, RGCA-SC + blood, GM-1 +/- blood and MGM-1 +/- blood. All media contained
      rifampicin and polymyxin B. After incubation in a glovebox (70% N2, 20% H2, 10%
      CO2) for 14 days spirochete colonies were semiquantitated and the colony
      morphologies described. The spirochetes in six of the primary samples and in the
      related colonies after cultivation were identified ultrastructurally by number of
      endoflagella. The results showed that the colony morphologies were more related
      to the substrate used than to the various types of spirochetes, and that
      individual colonies contained different types of spirochetes. The substrates MGM
      1, RGCA-SC, and BHIA-SC, all with blood, showed the highest recoveries of about
      5%. Spirochetes with less than four endoflagella grew on all substrates, but the
      MGM-1 + blood and RGCA-SC + blood media seemed the most versatile as they showed
      growth of all types of spirochetes observed in the primary samples.

PMID- 6593810
TI  - A methodologic study of histologic classification and grading of malignancy in
      oral squamous cell carcinoma.
AB  - A multifactorial grading system was devised for the histologic classification and
      grading of malignancy in carcinoma of tongue and floor of mouth. The system is
      presented with all morphologic variables defined and illustrated. Statistical
      analysis of the classification of 52 cases of squamous cell carcinoma revealed
      that the reproducibility of the system by two independent observers was good for
      all morphologic variables. Mean total malignancy, tumor cell population, and
      tumor-host relationship scores showed statistically significant correlations with
      mean ratings for all the different morphologic parameters, with certain specified
      exceptions. Reasons for the exceptions and lack of correlation of the
      histotechnical and theoretical errors of previous grading systems are explored.

PMID- 6593811
TI  - Clinical study of patients referred for investigation regarding so-called oral
      galvanism.
AB  - Fifty-four patients referred to the Faculty of Odontology, University of Umea,
      for investigation regarding "oral galvanism" were subjected to a general oral
      investigation. In addition the following parameters were studied: the highest
      calculated current between two metallic restorations in contact and the
      electrogustometrically determined threshold value for each person. No differences
      were found regarding these two parameters between the patients and a control
      group consisting of 15 persons. However, the general oral investigation had
      revealed that a relatively large number of patients had periodontal conditions
      which, together with mucous membrane affections and hypersensitivity reactions
      could explain some of the unpleasant sensations which bothered them. Furthermore,
      the results of a stomatognathic investigation which will be presented separately
      revealed that about three fourths of the patients needed treatment for their
      stomatognathic and/or temporomandibular joint conditions.

PMID- 6593812
TI  - Direct and indirect registration of currents between dental metallic restorations
      in the oral cavity.
AB  - An instrument for direct clinical measurement of currents between oral metallic
      restorations has been developed and tested on 175 contact pairs. The results are
      related to those obtained with an indirect method. The main advantage with the
      instrument is that it permits a continuous registration of the currents flowing
      between the metallic restorations. These currents decrease as a function of time.

PMID- 6593813
TI  - Simultaneous quantification of red cell and platelet surface-bound IgG & IgM by
      an ELISA technique.
AB  - In vivo red cell-bound (RBC-) and platelet-bound (P-) IgG and IgM were measured
      by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using washed cells as solid phase
      and alkaline phosphatase conjugated antiglobulins (Fc-specific). With this
      technique cells from normal donors had small amounts of RBC-IgG ranging from 0.02
      to 0.41 A405 (absorbance at 405 nm wavelength) (10(8) h)-1, of RBC-IgM ranging
      from 0.01 to 0.13 (10(8)h)-1, of P-IgG ranging from 0.00 to 0.16 (10(7)h)-1 and
      of P-IgM ranging from 0.00 to 0.05 (10(7)h)-1. 13 of 14 patients with positive
      RBC direct antiglobulin test had increased RBC IgG and/or RBC IgM (P less than
      0.01). 14 of 16 patients with idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura had
      increased P-IgG and/or P-IgM (P less than 0.01). 10 of 13 patients with
      circulating immune complexes had increased RBC-IgG and/or IgM (P less than 0.01)
      and 12 of 13 patients increased P-IgG and/or IgM (P less than 0.01). The direct
      ELISA is useful for quantification of in vivo surface-bound RBC-Ig and P-Ig
      autoantibodies and receptor-bound immune complex-associated Ig and requires only
      standard laboratory equipment.

PMID- 6593814
TI  - Hypertension in pregnancy. Classification and haemodynamic, hormonal and
      therapeutic aspects. Proceedings of the thirteenth scientific meeting of the
      Danish Society of Hypertension, Copenhagen, November 18, 1983.

PMID- 6593815
TI  - Uteroplacental blood flow in pregnancy induced hypertension.

PMID- 6593816
TI  - Hypertension in pregnancy. Prostaglandins, kinins and kallikrein.

PMID- 6593818
TI  - Chlormethiazole as the main therapeutic agent to pre-eclamptic/eclamptic
      patients.

PMID- 6593817
TI  - Morphology and angiotensin II responsiveness of isolated resistance vessels from
      patients with pre-eclampsia.

PMID- 6593819
TI  - Eclampsia and severe cases of pre-eclampsia treated with chlormethiazole
      (Heminevrin) during a 10 year period.

PMID- 6593820
TI  - Volume expansion as treatment of severe pre-eclampsia.

PMID- 6593821
TI  - Diuretics and pregnancy.

PMID- 6593822
TI  - [Oncogene activation in the leukemias].
AB  - Retroviral oncogenes are derived in evolution from normal cellular genes termed
      proto-oncogenes. This discovery has prompted the question whether human tumor
      cells show alteration of proto-oncogenes. Alteration found in leukemias (gene
      amplification, translocation and point mutation) are briefly discussed. The genes
      termed myc, abl, ras are involved. A case of acute myeloblastic leukemia with a
      point mutation in the N-ras gene is briefly discussed.

PMID- 6593823
TI  - [Immune complexes in the serum of patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia].
AB  - This study was performed to determine whether the nature of the hemolytic factor
      present in 54% of sera collected from patients during the active stage of acute
      myeloid leukemia (AML) [1] is immune complex (IC)-like. The fluid phase C1q
      binding test (C1q-BT) served to analyze 92 sera from 24 patients with AML. In a
      first study the C1q-BT as modified by Carpentier [2] was compared to the
      universally accepted C1q-BT as described by Zubler [3]. Binding of C1q to heat
      aggregated human IgG, to tetanus toxoid (Te)/anti-Te complexes, and to serum
      containing heparin or fibrinogen was to a similar extent concentration-dependent;
      however, the binding values obtained with the method of Carpentier were always
      higher than with the method of Zubler. The same was found for the binding of C1q
      to sera from patients suffering from various diseases: using Carpentier's method
      approximately a 20% higher C1q-binding activity was found for all samples
      compared to binding activities found with Zubler's original method. The higher
      C1q binding did not depend on higher sensitivity of Carpentier's assay system, as
      the binding to sera from 60 healthy individuals was also elevated (8.1 +/- 6.0%
      vs 1.2 +/- 1.0% with the method of ZUBLER). In a second study AML sera were
      analyzed by the "extended" C1q-BT [4]. The "extended" C1q-BT uses two different
      C1q preparations and the assay follows the procedure described by ZUBLER. This
      test is able to detect immune-aggregate-mediated and non-immune-aggregate
      mediated C1q binding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6593824
TI  - [Permeability of amalgam capsules for mercury vapors].

PMID- 6593825
TI  - [Frontal segmental osteotomy (downfracture technic) in anterior alveolar ridge
      atrophy in the maxilla].

PMID- 6593826
TI  - [Correction of overbite: extrusion of the molars or intrusion of the incisors?].

PMID- 6593827
TI  - [Long-term clinical follow-up of the pulp of teeth filled with adhesive
      composites using 3 technics for pulp and dentin protection].

PMID- 6593828
TI  - [Ackermann carcinoma, a special type of oral cavity cancer].

PMID- 6593830
TI  - [Swiss Working Group on Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology. 25th annual
      meeting, 24-25 February 1984 in Locarno. Abstracts].

PMID- 6593829
TI  - [Myofascial pain as the main symptom of the temporomandibular pain dysfunction
      syndrome--a clinico-experimental study].

PMID- 6593831
TI  - [AIDS--a new disease].

PMID- 6593833
TI  - Committee vetoes proposal to ban gene tests.

PMID- 6593832
TI  - [Genetic engineering: a new approach to the challenge of nature].

PMID- 6593834
TI  - Connecticut church passes genetics resolution.

PMID- 6593835
TI  - NIH bows to part of Rifkin suit.

PMID- 6593836
TI  - Case report 289: "cystic" parosteal osteosarcoma.

PMID- 6593837
TI  - Psychosis as a reaction to leukemia in an adolescent.
AB  - The 13-year-old boy described herein had an acute psychotic episode as an
      emotional response to the diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Although the
      final psychiatric diagnosis was brief psychotic reaction, this term does not
      convey the deep existential dilemma experienced by this child, who had not
      emotionally dealt with his newly diagnosed disease. The choice of symptoms, the
      Rubik's Cube, served as a metaphor and an easily understood symbol for his
      distress. The psychosis allowed this boy to deal with and adjust to his illness.

PMID- 6593838
TI  - HLA A, B, C and DR antigens in young South African Indians with insulin-dependent
      diabetes mellitus.
AB  - The HLA status of South African Indian insulin-dependent diabetic patients in
      whom the age of onset of diabetes was under 35 years was compared with that of a
      group of healthy Indian controls. HLA A, B and C antigens were determined in 68
      patients and 760 controls, while DR specificities were determined in 35 patients
      and 235 controls. The diabetic patients showed a significant increase in the
      frequencies of HLA B8 (19,1% v. 6,8%; relative risk 3,2; corrected P less than
      0,04) and Aw24 (42,6% v. 26,8%; relative risk 2,2; corrected P less than 0,04)
      antigens compared with controls. HLA DR3 was found to be much more common in
      patients than in controls (31,4% v. 12,8%; relative risk 3,1; corrected P less
      than 0,035), but DR3/DR4 heterozygosity was associated with a much greater
      relative risk (7,25). Among patients of North Indian origin a strong association
      with DR4 was seen (45,5% v. 9,1% (controls); relative risk 8,3).

PMID- 6593839
TI  - [The significance of malocclusion in dentistry].

PMID- 6593840
TI  - [Incidence and recognition of malocclusion].

PMID- 6593841
TI  - [Malocclusion in maternal and child health].

PMID- 6593843
TI  - [Functional factors and habits in malocclusion].

PMID- 6593844
TI  - [Screening for malocclusion].

PMID- 6593842
TI  - [Viewpoints on malocclusion in school dental health].

PMID- 6593845
TI  - [Diagnosis of malocclusion in clinical dentistry].

PMID- 6593846
TI  - [Case reports of occlusal management].

PMID- 6593847
TI  - [Psychological implications of malocclusion].

PMID- 6593848
TI  - [Health insurance and malocclusion].

PMID- 6593849
TI  - [A new mandibular tracking device--the Sirognathograph and its analyzing computer
      system].

PMID- 6593850
TI  - [The permanent stabilization and corrective movement of the teeth using
      orthodontic procedures].

PMID- 6593851
TI  - [Clinical use of a topical anesthetic, benzocaine].

PMID- 6593852
TI  - [Clinical use of bacampicillin (Penglobe) in the orodental region].

PMID- 6593853
TI  - [Chinese medicine for relieving pain in the tongue].

PMID- 6593854
TI  - The role of the hospital-trained generalist.

PMID- 6593855
TI  - The role of the hospital in dental education.

PMID- 6593856
TI  - Impact of the educational process on the profession and society: the general
      practice residency.

PMID- 6593857
TI  - Geriatric dental curriculum and the needs of the elderly.

PMID- 6593858
TI  - SnF2 as an adjunct to toothbrushing in an elderly institutionalized population.

PMID- 6593859
TI  - Survival of a hospital-affiliated project for children and youth.

PMID- 6593860
TI  - [Herpes virus infection of the fingers--herpes panaritium].

PMID- 6593861
TI  - [The effect of toothpaste on plaque production].

PMID- 6593862
TI  - [Hepatitis B vaccine].

PMID- 6593863
TI  - [Reviewing important aspects of the working conditions of dental clinicians and
      dental laboratory workers].

PMID- 6593864
TI  - [Familial idiopathic generalized root resorption].

PMID- 6593865
TI  - [Dental changes in a 5-year old girl with hypoparathyroidism].

PMID- 6593866
TI  - [A case of dental focal infection with rheumatic fever and arthritis in the major
      joints].

PMID- 6593867
TI  - [Dental health in a Danish chocolate factory. II. Dental disease occurrence and
      treatment needs].

PMID- 6593868
TI  - Gingival enamel thickness vs. bevel preparation.

PMID- 6593869
TI  - [Gingival changes in lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 6593870
TI  - [Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome].

PMID- 6593871
TI  - [Teeth as jewelry].

PMID- 6593872
TI  - [Ektaspeed 1 year later--experiences with Kodak's new dental X-ray film].

PMID- 6593873
TI  - [Working conditions in private dental practice].

PMID- 6593874
TI  - [Oroantral communication. A retrospective study of treatment and results].

PMID- 6593875
TI  - [The follicle cyst from an orthodontic point of view].

PMID- 6593876
TI  - [Identification assignment in Madrid].

PMID- 6593877
TI  - [Viewpoints in periodontal prevention with special consideration for child and
      adolescent patients].

PMID- 6593878
TI  - [Dentin sensitivity--difficult to explain].

PMID- 6593879
TI  - [Hearing protection for dental personnel? Physical and medical aspects].

PMID- 6593880
TI  - [Changes in the jaw bones in hereditary adenomatous polyps of the colon and
      rectum].

PMID- 6593881
TI  - [Amalgam alloys available to dentists in Sweden].

PMID- 6593882
TI  - [Patient reactions to jaw anchored bridges].

PMID- 6593884
TI  - [The dental care system during 1974-81. Comprehensive dental care in public
      dental practice or private dental practice from 3 insurance companies in 1976,
      1978 and 1981].

PMID- 6593883
TI  - [Oral stratified epithelial cancer].

PMID- 6593885
TI  - [Dental disorders in anorexia nervosa. Presentation of a case].

PMID- 6593886
TI  - [Radiography at a dental emergency clinic. Evaluation of radiographic quality in
      a dental emergency polyclinic in Goteborg].

PMID- 6593887
TI  - [The dental technician project 1982-1983].

PMID- 6593888
TI  - [Occlusal index--a comparative study].

PMID- 6593889
TI  - [Dental technician staff 1983. A basis for prognosis].

PMID- 6593890
TI  - [A case of development of neuroleukemia in the beginning of the terminal stage of
      chronic myeloleukosis].

PMID- 6593891
TI  - The dentist's role in Texas high school mouthguard programs.

PMID- 6593892
TI  - Abnormal platelet serotonin uptake and binding sites in myeloproliferative
      disorders.
AB  - A simultaneous investigation of the kinetics of serotonin (5 HT) uptake and of
      binding sites was carried out in the platelets of normal subjects and of 10
      patients affected with various types of myeloproliferative disorders (MD). The 5
      HT uptake was analysed according to the Lineweaver-Burk and the Eadie-Hofstee
      methods. With the two methods, the patient's platelets exhibited a dramatic
      reduction of the Vi max and of the Km; in some patients the Eadie-Hofstee
      analysis revealed that a passive diffusion phenomenon is superimposed on the
      active 5 HT uptake at least for the higher concentration used. The binding data
      were analysed with the Scatchard method. Two classes of binding sites (high
      affinity - low capacity, low affinity - high capacity) were found in normal
      subjects and patients. Pharmacological studies with imipramine, a specific
      inhibitor of 5 HT uptake, suggested that both the sites are involved in 5 HT
      uptake. The number of both binding sites was significantly decreased in patient's
      platelets while the affinity constants of these binding sites were not
      significantly reduced in comparison with those of the control subjects. No
      correlations were found between Vi max, Km and the number of binding sites. These
      results suggest that a reduction in the number of platelet membrane acceptors for
      5 HT commonly occurs in myeloproliferative disorders but does not provide a full
      explanation of the uptake defect.

PMID- 6593893
TI  - Collection letters not to send!

PMID- 6593894
TI  - [Typhlitis in acute leukemia].

PMID- 6593895
TI  - [Cavity preparation for a new adhesive plastic restorative material].

PMID- 6593897
TI  - HLA-linked SB antigens in Israel. Population study, analysis of homozygous typing
      cells and generation of local SB reagents.
AB  - In the present study we have investigated the HLA-SB antigen distribution in 65
      unrelated Israeli Ashkenazim and non-Ashkenazim and in a panel of 18 local
      homozygous typing cells (HTC). Two locally derived SB reagents, anti-SB2 and SB3,
      were also studied. The HLA-SB allele frequencies in the Israeli sample ranged
      from 0.02 for SB1 to 0.47 for SB4 while SB5 was absent. SB3 had a higher
      frequency in non-Ashkenazim (0.11) as compared to Ashkenazim (0.06) but this
      difference was not significant. On the whole, the allele frequencies for the 5
      HLA-SB antigens studied were in the range observed in non-Jewish Caucasoid
      populations with some minor variations. Two of eighteen local HTC's were found
      heterozygous for SB, demonstrating that homozygosity for HLA-A, B, C, D and DR
      does not indicate homozygosity for HLA-SB. The local anti-SB2 and SB3 typing
      reagents gave concordant results when compared with the NIH reference typing
      cells in population studies.

PMID- 6593898
TI  - Distribution of HLA-SB antigens in multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 6593896
TI  - [6-Mercaptopurine and methotrexate, rational use in sight after 35 years?].
AB  - A survey is given of our present investigations of the pharmacokinetics of 6MP
      and the effects of the combination of MTX and 6MP on purine and pyrimidine
      metabolism. Both drugs are used in the oral maintenance therapy of ALL in
      children. The very low serum-concentrations after oral administration of 6MP and
      the short serum-half-life-times after intravenous administration point to more
      efficacy after prolonged intravenous infusion. The penetration of 6MP in the
      cerebrospinal fluid after intravenous administration could account for
      (prophylactic) treatment of the CNS in ALL. Pretreatment of leukemic lymphoblasts
      with MTX results in an increase of intracellular PRPP due to inhibition of purine
      de novo synthesis. This can be used for an increased incorporation and conversion
      of 6MP. Thus, increased incorporation and conversion of 6MP can be obtained when
      6MP is added to MTX-pretreated leukemic lymphoblasts at that point of time where
      MTX causes maximal PRPP accumulation. This will result in increased incorporation
      of 6MP into nucleic acids and thus in enhanced cytotoxicity. Pharmacokinetic and
      metabolic investigations of 6MP and MTX could lead to a more rational and more
      effective use of both agents in patients with ALL.

PMID- 6593899
TI  - Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system 1984.

PMID- 6593900
TI  - Acid-etch restorations in primary anterior teeth.

PMID- 6593901
TI  - Treatment of cleft lip and palate. Part III: Surgical techniques and discussion,
      different phases from birth to adulthood.

PMID- 6593902
TI  - The frequency of malocclusion in a pre-literate race.

PMID- 6593903
TI  - Colonization of lactobacilli on tooth surfaces of germfree rats.

PMID- 6593904
TI  - A practical suggestion for attaining a more aesthetic Class IV restoration, using
      visible-light-cured, micro-filled composites.

PMID- 6593905
TI  - Radiological diagnosis III.

PMID- 6593906
TI  - [Incidence of enamel fissures in human teeth].

PMID- 6593907
TI  - [Antiseptic action of chlorhexidine in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6593908
TI  - [Action of laser radiation on the course of an inflammatory process in the
      maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6593909
TI  - [Disordered mineralization process in hard dental tissues and the principles of
      its regulation].

PMID- 6593910
TI  - [Hemodynamic disorders and their correction in patients with inflammatory
      processes of the face and neck].

PMID- 6593911
TI  - [Effectiveness of transfusion therapy and the clinico-biochemical examination of
      patients with maxillofacial phlegmon].

PMID- 6593912
TI  - [Blood rheological disorders in patients with maxillofacial phlegmon and their
      correction].

PMID- 6593913
TI  - [Use of a transport medium for isolating asporogenic anaerobes from clinical
      specimens in odontogenic phlegmon].

PMID- 6593914
TI  - [Means of increasing the effectiveness of prevention and treatment in odontogenic
      superior mediastinitis].

PMID- 6593916
TI  - [Nonspecific suppurative inflammatory diseases of the tongue and their
      treatment].

PMID- 6593915
TI  - [Experimental basis for the clinical use of lysozyme for treating chronic
      periodontitis].

PMID- 6593917
TI  - [Action of UV irradiation on wound healing after incising maxillofacial
      phlegmons].

PMID- 6593918
TI  - [Screening of patients with actinomycosis of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 6593919
TI  - [Prognostic significance of cellular immunity in the early diagnosis of traumatic
      osteomyelitis in mandibular fractures].

PMID- 6593920
TI  - [Use of tserigel in treating facial burns].

PMID- 6593921
TI  - [Autogenic training in the combined treatment of the temporomandibular pain
      dysfunction syndrome].

PMID- 6593922
TI  - [Use of UV irradiation for preventing complications in plastic repair of the
      maxillofacial area with a Filatov pedicle graft].

PMID- 6593923
TI  - [Use of a polymeric medical glue in uranostaphyloplasty].

PMID- 6593924
TI  - [Salivary secretion of catecholamines and electrolytes in persons with various
      degrees of dental caries].

PMID- 6593925
TI  - [Mechanism of the formation of maxillodental deformities following the partial
      loss of teeth].

PMID- 6593926
TI  - [Dimensions and spatial orientation of the maxilla in the facial skeleton in
      wisdom tooth retention and anodontia].

PMID- 6593927
TI  - [Importance of a number of risk factors for caries in children based on the data
      from a catamnestic study].

PMID- 6593928
TI  - [Organizational aspects of conducting topical fluorine prevention of dental
      caries in children's collectives].

PMID- 6593929
TI  - [Ultrastructural changes in the enamel surface of the incisors in rats with
      experimental thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 6593930
TI  - [Cleansing effect of "Ideal" chewing gum on the dental plaque of healthy gingiva
      and during discontinued oral hygiene care].

PMID- 6593931
TI  - [The clinical course and treatment of epithelial tumours of the minor salivary
      glands with observations on 54 patients].

PMID- 6593932
TI  - [Basal cell nevus syndrome].

PMID- 6593933
TI  - [Microfloral susceptibility to various antibiotics in patients with acute
      odontogenic infection (from data from DSP-Sliven)].

PMID- 6593934
TI  - [Characteristics of the oral cavity in subjects with Seresevski-Turner syndrome].

PMID- 6593935
TI  - [Achievements and problems in postgraduate qualification of higher dental staff].

PMID- 6593936
TI  - [Delayed treatment of acute luxation of the temporomandibular joint under
      anesthesia].

PMID- 6593937
TI  - [Clinical study on the possibilities of measuring root canal lengths using
      digital-tactile perception methods and periodontal sensitivity].

PMID- 6593938
TI  - [Cytomorphological study on clinically active and inactive odontogenic foci].

PMID- 6593939
TI  - [Immediate results with Epoxycal canal filling in the treatment of pulpitis and
      chronic diffuse periodontitis].

PMID- 6593940
TI  - [Incidence and characteristics of jaw fractures during 1971-1980 (from cases at
      the Department of Surgical Stomatology in Sofia)].

PMID- 6593941
TI  - [Electron microscopy study on the gingiva of albino rats after chronic treatment
      with Lindan].

PMID- 6593942
TI  - [Clinical-morphological studies in difficult extractions of the lower wisdom
      teeth].

PMID- 6593943
TI  - [Characteristics of the hard dental tissue-polymer interface. IV. Studies on the
      chemical reaction between the mineral substances of hard dental tissues and alkyl
      2-cyanoacrylates].

PMID- 6593944
TI  - [Physical-mechanical properties of various dental alloys].

PMID- 6593945
TI  - [Effect of the thermal polymerization regime on the module of elasticity of
      acrylate plastics].

PMID- 6593946
TI  - [Epidemiology of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children 3-13 years old in
      Plovdiv].

PMID- 6593947
TI  - [Experimental studies on clefts in hard palate of rats].

PMID- 6593948
TI  - [Various basic economic indices of dental education in our country].

PMID- 6593949
TI  - [A case of erosion of the teeth].

PMID- 6593950
TI  - Mixed pleural space infection due to Pasteurella pneumotropica and Peptococcus
      magnus.

PMID- 6593951
TI  - [A micromethod for the determination of HLA-DR antibodies (fluorochrome
      absorption technics)].

PMID- 6593952
TI  - Cancer in Solomon Islands 1970-82.
AB  - An analysis of the pathology reports of cancer at the Central Hospital, Honiara,
      Solomon Islands from 1970 to 1982 revealed that skin cancer, lymphohaemopoietic
      malignancy, cancer of the digestive organs and oral cancer were the most common
      cancers in males, and that cancer of the genito-urinary organs, skin cancer,
      breast cancer and lymphohaemopoietic malignancy were the most common cancers in
      females. Leukaemia and lymphoma were the most common cancers diagnosed in
      children. Although this is a selected series, there are definite similarities
      with cancer data reported from Papua New Guinea, and significant differences from
      patterns of cancer reported from Australia. Cancer of the mouth and liver appear
      to be more common in Solomon Islanders, and cancer of the large bowel and lung
      less common compared with Australians. These differences probably relate to the
      effect of different environmental agents. The present prospects for prevention
      and control of cancer in Solomon Islands is discussed.

PMID- 6593953
TI  - A strategy of malaria control.
AB  - A field investigation was designed to determine the feasibility of a single
      annual application of DDT which could fulfil the objectives of malaria control.
      The concept of a single spraying cycle would eliminate the risks and
      disadvantages associated with the standard methodology of two spraying cycles,
      and would result in logistic and economic gains to the country. The timing of the
      spraying cycle in this modified control methodology is based on the determination
      of the malaria season solely from entomological data. Details of the field
      investigation for the years 1974 and 1975, the parameters for calculation of
      vectorial capacity, estimates of the relative malaria receptivity within the
      study area, and determination of the malaria season of six months' duration have
      already been published. The present paper applies the concept of a single
      spraying cycle to the findings of the investigation and discusses the
      implementation of the strategy.

PMID- 6593954
TI  - Contraceptive continuation rates in Papua New Guinea.
AB  - Family planning records were analyzed for 18 urban and rural clinics throughout
      Papua New Guinea. From the record cards of 7443 women, contraceptive continuation
      rates for the first method used were calculated. Continuation rates after one
      year are 92 per cent with the IUD (intra-uterine device), 41 per cent with oral
      contraceptives and 54 per cent with injections. Differences associated with age,
      parity, and rural-versus-urban clinics are discussed. Continuation rates are used
      to give an estimate of current contraceptive use of less than seven per cent of
      Papua New Guinea women. Improvement in access to services for rural women is
      needed, as is better communication in the initial interview with a new acceptor.

PMID- 6593955
TI  - Malaria and filariasis in the Ok Tedi Region of the Star Mountains, Papua New
      Guinea.
AB  - Malaria and filariasis surveys were carried out as part of a broader general
      health survey between December, 1982 and May, 1983 in the Ok Tedi region of the
      Star Mountains, Western Province. Malaria, tropical splenomegaly syndrome (TSS)
      and anaemia were identified as significant health problems. Malaria slide
      positivity rates of 64.9% in children 2 to 9 years of age and 19.5% in adults 15
      years and older indicate high levels of stable malaria transmission. Infections
      with Plasmodium falciparum were the most common (75.2%), but P. vivax (17.4%) and
      P. malariae (7.4%) were also encountered. Palpable splenomegaly occurred in 79.2%
      of adults and children over two years of age with more than 50% of the enlarged
      spleens grade III or greater (Hackett). Microfilariae (Wuchereria bancrofti) were
      present in 34.3% of night blood films, and estimated haemoglobin values were
      considerably below WHO standards. Data from the surveys provide a baseline
      against which to monitor changes in health status which might be expected to
      occur in conjunction with the development of a major mining project in the area.

PMID- 6593956
TI  - Clinical epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Papua New Guinea Highlands.
AB  - In the Papua New Guinea Highlands, tuberculosis has an epidemiological setting
      unique in the developing world. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is slowly infiltrating
      a susceptible, formerly isolated population. Because of this unique situation,
      commonly-recommended standard programmes must be rationally, sometimes radically,
      altered if case finding is to be epidemiologically efficient.

PMID- 6593957
TI  - Statico-dynamic palatopharyngoplasty with transmitted dynamism--a new technique.
AB  - A new operation, 'Statico-dynamic palatopharyngoplasty with transmitted
      dynamism', is described for correction of rhinolalia aperta and nasal
      regurgitation in palato-pharyngeal incompetence. This is a simple one-stage
      operation and, besides offering good speech correction, prevents nasal
      regurgitation. The principle involves imparting dynamism to the conventional
      static posterior pharyngeal flap, based superiorly, by a muscle sling created by
      transplanting the palatopharyngeus/salpingopharyngeus complex. This mechanism
      brings about dynamic competence in the palato-pharyngeal mechanism.

PMID- 6593958
TI  - Free small water-cushions for paraplegics.
AB  - Decubitus ulcers on small prominent areas (e.g. the heels) in paraplegic and
      quadruplegic patients are likely to be a problem in a developing country with
      limited nursing and physiotherapy services. The use of plastic and silver foil
      container bags from emptied wine dispensing casks, filled with water, has been
      found to be a no-cost, effective method of preventing these decubitus ulcers.

PMID- 6593959
TI  - Bowenoid papulosis in the perianal region.
AB  - A case is described of a patient who had numerous violaceous papular lesions
      around the anus which appeared benign clinically, but which on histological
      examination showed changes of carcinoma-in-situ. The case was followed up for
      three years after local excision but did not recur. Such cases need careful
      evaluation before radical operation in view of the recently recognised entity of
      "Bowenoid papulosis".

PMID- 6593960
TI  - Neonatal intussusception.
AB  - A case of jejuno-jejunal intussusception occurring in a neonate is reported. The
      distinction between the clinical signs of neonatal and infantile intussusception
      is emphasised, and the importance of early diagnosis stressed.

PMID- 6593961
TI  - Enteritis necroticans in Port Moresby--report of three cases.
AB  - Three cases of enteritis necroticans seen at Port Moresby General Hospital are
      described. All three cases proved diagnostic problems and in all three the
      diagnosis was made only at laparotomy. While the condition is uncommon in Port
      Moresby, these cases indicate that it must now be considered earlier rather than
      later.

PMID- 6593962
TI  - Tinea imbricata, filariasis, hydrocoeles and wound infection.

PMID- 6593963
TI  - Acute mountain sickness.

PMID- 6593964
TI  - Dermatophagoides--the house dust mite.

PMID- 6593965
TI  - Eclipse retinopathy.

PMID- 6593966
TI  - Ok Tedi: pot of what?

PMID- 6593969
TI  - [Innovations in drug regulation. Consequences for dental practice].

PMID- 6593967
TI  - Birthweights in Goroka and Kainantu Hospitals.
AB  - Birthweight data for 4474 live, healthy, singleton, full-term births of 2000g or
      over were analysed. The mean birthweights were 3136 +/- 445g at Goroka, and 3106
      +/- 473g at Kainantu. Birthweights varied with sex, region of maternal origin,
      season and birth order, but not with year. Significant influences on Goroka
      birthweight values were, in order of importance, birth order, sex and season.

PMID- 6593968
TI  - Vaccination coverage in Northern Province, Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 6593970
TI  - [Films of the anterior dentition are essential for jaw diagnosis!].

PMID- 6593971
TI  - [Replantation of premolars and molars].

PMID- 6593973
TI  - [Skin tumors of the head and neck region].

PMID- 6593974
TI  - [Face and head pain, migraine, neuralgiform pain, trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 6593972
TI  - [Increasing resistance to periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6593975
TI  - [Problems of wisdom teeth from the surgical viewpoint].

PMID- 6593976
TI  - [Implant material during technological changes].

PMID- 6593977
TI  - [Use of the Air Flow in orthodontic practice].

PMID- 6593978
TI  - Short papers: 10th annual meeting of the Hellenic Endocrine Society. Athens,
      December 4-5, 1982.

PMID- 6593979
TI  - Compensatory adrenal growth and conditioned avoidance response in relation to
      oestrous cycle and metoclopramide induced constant dioestrus.

PMID- 6593980
TI  - Serum, total/free testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin binding capacity
      (SHBG) in a non-competitive marathon run.

PMID- 6593981
TI  - The contribution of sperm morphology to the diagnostic approach of varicocele.

PMID- 6593982
TI  - Glycosylated haemoglobin values and their correlation to the glucose tolerance
      test in normal pregnancy.

PMID- 6593983
TI  - Transphenoidal removal of GH secreting adenomas: method of choice for the
      treatment of acromegaly.

PMID- 6593984
TI  - Short stature. Comparison of 5 provocative tests to exclude growth hormone
      deficiency.

PMID- 6593985
TI  - The treatment of nontoxic goitre with thyroxine and beta-blockers.

PMID- 6593986
TI  - Functional insufficiency of thyroid and pituitary gland in beta-homozygous
      thalassaemia with haemosiderosis.

PMID- 6593987
TI  - Systolic time intervals in atrial fibrillation with and without hyperthyroidism.

PMID- 6593988
TI  - Effects of phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin and carbamazepine on thyroid function
      in epileptic children.

PMID- 6593989
TI  - Ontogeny of rat brain and liver glucocorticoid receptors.

PMID- 6593990
TI  - Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer.

PMID- 6593991
TI  - Serum parathyroid hormone levels in active pulmonary tuberculosis.

PMID- 6593992
TI  - Effects of corticosteroids on sexual differentiation of the rat brain.

PMID- 6593993
TI  - Brain dopamine and noradrenaline concentrations in reference to acquisition of
      conditioned avoidance behaviour in intact and orchectomized rats.

PMID- 6593994
TI  - Constant-flow ventilator.

PMID- 6593995
TI  - Pulmonary edema during cesarean section related to the use of oxytocic drugs.
AB  - We report the case of an acute pulmonary edema occurring during cesarean section
      under general anesthesia in a previously healthy negro parturient. This acute
      event was probably due to the hemodynamic effects of three oxytocic drugs,
      oxytocin, methylergometrine maleate and prostaglandin F2 alpha used to control
      severe third-stage bleeding in interaction with the hemodynamic effects of
      pregnancy at term and surgical and anesthetic stress. The cardiovascular effects
      of these drugs are reviewed. For a safer conduct of anesthesia, oxytocin for
      control of uterine bleeding is recommended to be administered by slow intravenous
      drip and ergometrin by intramuscular injection. The safety of the intramyometrial
      injection of PGF2 a still remains to be proven.

PMID- 6593997
TI  - Current concepts on I. Endometriosis, II. Fibrocystic breast disease. Proceedings
      of a symposium under the auspices of the Scandinavian Association of
      Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Helsingor, Denmark, June 20-22, 1983.

PMID- 6593996
TI  - Cardio-respiratory changes and prostaglandins during one-lung-anesthesia.
AB  - In a clinical study the intraoperative changes in prostaglandin levels and their
      possible influence on venous admixture during one-lung anesthesia are
      investigated in 9 patients undergoing abdomino-thoracic resection of a carcinoma
      of the oesophagus. During one-lung anesthesia PaO2 decreased and Qsp/Qt increased
      significantly. In 7 of the 9 patients prostaglandin E2 in the arterial blood was
      significantly above normal level during two-lung- and one-lung ventilation,
      prostaglandin F2 alpha was below normal values in all patients during two-lung-
      and one-lung ventilation. The clear prevalence of vasodilating prostaglandin E2
      may have reduced the effectiveness of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction during
      one-lung ventilation.

PMID- 6593998
TI  - Influence of danazol on uterine activity. A pilot study.
AB  - The influence of danazol treatment on uterine activity was studied by means of
      repeated intra-uterine pressure recordings in two women with laparoscopically
      diagnosed endometriosis. During a control cycle the women had normal plasma
      levels of FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone and repeated recordings showed a
      varying uterine activity, with irregular small contractions in the follicular
      phase and regular ones with maximal amplitude and duration at the onset of
      menstruation. Treatment with danazol inhibited the fluctuations in circulating
      gonadotropins and invariably caused low levels of ovarian hormones. Between 2 and
      3 weeks after starting treatment there was a period of increased myometrial
      activity and increased reactivity of the uterus, but thereafter a marked
      inhibition of the contractions was seen. It is suggested that danazol could be of
      value in the treatment of painful conditions with excessive uterine activity,
      such as primary--and to some extent also secondary--dysmenorrhea.

PMID- 6593999
TI  - Comparison of the histological appearance of human endometrium and endometriotic
      tissue obtained simultaneously. A preliminary report.

PMID- 6594000
TI  - Danazol displacement of testosterone and influence on free testosterone levels.

PMID- 6594001
TI  - Changes in the SHBG concentration during danazol treatment.
AB  - Serum levels of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured by radioelectro
      immunoassay before and during administration of danazol in daily doses varying
      between 200 and 800 mg for a period of 1-6 months. The patients consisted of
      different groups of regularly menstruating women (n = 76) and of postmenopausal
      women (n = 12). A rapid proportional decrease in SHBG was seen at all dose levels
      in both pre- and postmenopausal women, starting within the first 24 hours and
      reaching statistical significance by 48 hours. The fractional rate of fall
      appeared to be determined by the metabolic half-life of the protein itself.
      Plotting log concentrations of SHBG versus time and using the slope of the linear
      regression for calculations, the half-life of SHBG appeared to be 15 +/- 5.7 (SD)
      days. After approximately one month of treatment, the SHBG concentrations began
      to approach a new steady state at a level of approximately 20-30% of the original
      concentration, depending on the dose of danazol. The proportional suppression of
      SHBG was significantly greater following 600 or 800 mg of danazol daily than
      following 200 or 400 mg. However, with all doses the SHBG levels after one month
      of treatment were well below the levels normally found in healthy males. The mean
      proportional reduction following a certain dose was almost identical in
      premenopausal and postmenopausal women. The findings of the present investigation
      suggest that danazol exerts a direct inhibitory effect on the hepatic synthesis
      of SHBG, which is dependent of the dose of danazol, independent of estrogen
      concentration, but possibly accentuated by endogenous androgens.

PMID- 6594002
TI  - Morphology of endometriosis before and during treatment with danazol.

PMID- 6594003
TI  - Vocal effects of danazol therapy. A preliminary report.
AB  - Vocal effects of danazol therapy were studied in 23 women. Before danazol therapy
      was started the patients were examined by a phonitrician using indirect
      laryngoscopy and microlaryngoscopy in stroboscopic light. A glottographic
      frequency indication ad modum Kitzing and a tape-recording were also made. These
      examinations were carried out again after 3 and 6 months of therapy. The patients
      mostly received 600 mg danazol daily. One of the patients noticed a very marked
      change in her voice after 2 weeks of therapy. This patient also had
      conjunctivitis and the reaction was judged to be an allergic reaction to the drug
      and not a hormonal side effect. In 4 of the other 22 patients the glottographic
      frequency indication showed a slight decrease in the mean frequency and in 3 a
      slight increase within the normal range of interpersonal variation. None of the
      patients noticed subjectively any virilization of the voice. In this preliminary
      study we have not found any significant vocal changes in the 23 patients tested
      that could be attributed to the androgenic properties of danazol.

PMID- 6594004
TI  - Plasma lipoproteins during and after danazol treatment.
AB  - Twelve women with pelvic endometriosis were treated with danazol, at a dose of
      200 mg three times daily, over a 24-week period. The concentrations of
      cholesterol and triglycerides were determined in plasma and in the lipoprotein
      fractions. After only 2 weeks the mean high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
      had already decreased by 49% and 6 weeks later the reduction was 59%. The low
      density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration increased by 14% after 2
      weeks and by 34% after 8 weeks. The triglycerides increased by 20% after 2 weeks.
      Eight weeks after cessation of treatment the lipoprotein fractions had returned
      to the pretreatment levels.

PMID- 6594005
TI  - The sterile menstrual cycle. The driving force behind pathology in the
      reproductive organs.

PMID- 6594006
TI  - Histochemical localization of specific estrogen and progesterone binding in human
      endometrium and endometriotic tissue. A preliminary report.
AB  - A histochemical method for the detection of steroid-binding sites in very small
      tissue specimens was evaluated. Competitive binding experiments proved the method
      to be sufficiently specific. When applied to endometrium and endometriotic tissue
      obtained simultaneously from the same patient, a distinct binding was found both
      in the epithelial structures and in the stroma. The binding pattern in
      endometriotic glands resembled that in the endometrium. The study seems thus to
      support the conclusion that endometriotic lesions contain specific binding sites
      for estrogen and progesterone and that their distribution seems to be similar to
      that found in the endometrium from the same patient.

PMID- 6594007
TI  - Patient characteristics and age-dependent sub-populations in severe fibrocystic
      breast disease--the Hjorring project.
AB  - This study aimed at providing a detailed anamnestic, clinical, and mammographical
      characterization of 109 patients with fibrocystic breast disease, who were
      selected on the basis of pronounced mastodynia, prominent palpable structure and
      mammographical confirmation of the clinical diagnosis. Since these patients were
      selected for subsequent therapy, and most of them also underwent various hormonal
      investigations, accurate differential diagnosis was considered essential.
      Therefore, X-ray mammography was supplemented as required with adenography,
      galactography, and aspiration of cysts followed by aerography. Additionally, the
      results for most study variables were recorded by means of standardized scoring
      systems. On the basis of this characterization, three diagnostic sub-groups of
      fibrocystic disease could be distinguished: 20 patients with prominent glandular
      structure but no visible cysts (group A), 43 patients with prominent glandular
      structure as well as small (less than 1 cm) cysts (group B), and 46 patients with
      both small and large (greater than or equal to 1 cm) cysts. The three groups
      differ significantly in mean age (33.1 +/- 5.5 (SD), 39.2 +/- 4.9, and 43.7 +/-
      4.6 years in groups A, B, and C, respectively). There was a significant trend
      towards increasing duration of breast complaints, and patients with a history of
      greater than 5 years account for 45, 65, and 74% in groups A, B, and C,
      respectively. Moreover, most of the study variables, viz. mastodynia, palpable
      structure, amount of glandular tissue, non-cystic nodularity, small cysts, duct
      ectasia, nipple discharge, and fibrosis, also tended to increase significantly in
      intensity and/or frequency from group A to B to C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6594008
TI  - Elevated peripheral levels of androgens and of some steroid sensitive plasma
      proteins in patients with severe fibrocystic breast disease. A preliminary
      report.

PMID- 6594009
TI  - Danazol treatment of severely symptomatic fibrocystic breast disease and long
      term follow-up--the Hjorring project.
AB  - The purpose of the investigation was to study various aspects of danazol
      treatment in patients with fibrocystic breast disease and pronounced mastodynia.
      To qualify for inclusion, the patients in this study had to have a
      mammographically confirmed prominent glandular structure and/or severe cystic
      breast disease, associated with pronounced cyclical mastodynia lasting at least
      one week per menstrual cycle for more than 6 months. They also had to be
      premenopausal and not undergoing hormonal therapy. Of 109 patients with a mean
      age of 40 +/- 6.2 (SD) years, who completed 6 months' treatment with danazol, 65%
      had a pre-treatment history of more than 5 years. According to detailed
      mammographic characterization, only 18% of the patients had no visible cysts. Of
      the 82% with visible cysts, half presented with both small (less than 1 cm) and
      large cysts. The patients were treated in two consecutive groups, 55 patients
      receiving 400 mg a day and 54 patients 200 mg a day. The therapeutic response was
      similar following both dosages. Mastodynia responded rapidly and total
      elimination was noted in about 90% of cases. A marked decrease in prominence of
      palpable structure was observed in virtually all patients. Mammographically, a
      decrease in the amount of glandular tissue was observed. These changes during
      treatment were statistically highly significant (p less than 0.001), irrespective
      of dose or category of patient. Non-cystic nodularities gradually decreased in
      85% and resolved completely in 58% of the cases, but the degree of resolution in
      the groups of patients with no or only small (less than 1 cm) visible cysts was
      significantly greater (p less than 0.02 or less) than in the group which also had
      large cysts and which included the most severe and intractable cases. The
      mammographical visualization of cysts, ductal system, and fibrous tissue
      increased initially due to the marked regression of obscuring glandular tissue.
      Thereafter, a decrease in the number and spread of small cysts was observed in a
      significant proportion of patients and in some cases a reduction in duct diameter
      could be demonstrated by means of galactography. Nipple discharge also decreased.
      The extent of fibrosis appeared to be unaffected by therapy. In the 46 patients
      with large cysts and, in most cases, a documented history of repeated cyst
      formation, danazol treatment was found to arrest the development of new cysts and
      to prevent recurrence for a considerable time thereafter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      400 WORDS)

PMID- 6594010
TI  - Clinical approach to women with severe mastalgia and the therapeutic
      possibilities.

PMID- 6594011
TI  - Is fibrocystic breast disease a pre-malignant state?
AB  - Fibrocystic disease is the most frequent lesion of the breast. When considered as
      a single diagnostic entity, benign breast disease has generally been reported to
      be associated with a relative risk of from 1.5 to 3.0 for breast cancer. Few
      studies have failed to find any association between fibrocystic breast disease
      and breast cancer. However, the term fibrocystic breast disease encompasses a
      variety of histologic changes and accordingly a variety of designations. This
      lack of a clear classification may account for the divergent results in studies
      on the relationship between cystic disease and breast cancer. Some investigators
      have in fact examined the risk of breast cancer among women with various forms of
      fibrocystic disease. Particularly high risks have been associated with atypical
      epithelial hyperplasia. There is disagreement among pathologists as to whether
      ductal papillomas are 'precancerous' or cancerous.

PMID- 6594012
TI  - Peritoneal fluid 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, thromboxane B2 in endometriosis
      and unexplained infertility.
AB  - To study peritoneal fluid (PF) prostaglandin (PG) in infertile women, 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha (a breakdown product of prostacyclin) and thromboxane B2 (T X B2) (a
      metabolite of T X A2) were assayed with radio-immunoassays from PF samples
      collected at laparascopy from patients with endometriosis (n = 29), unexplained
      infertility (n = 13) and from women with normal pelvic organs (n = 25). The
      concentrations of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and T X B2 in PF were increased (p less than
      0.05) in endometriosis and unexplained infertility, as compared with the
      corresponding levels in the controls. In patients with endometriosis, both 6-keto
      PGF1 alpha and T X B2 increases were related to the severity of the disease.
      There was no relationship between 6-keto-PGF1 alpha/T X B2 in PF, and day of
      menstrual cycle. It is suggested that endometriotic tissue and peritoneal
      macrophages may contribute to these prostanoids in PF. The smooth muscle
      activities of PF prostacyclin and T X A2 may be involved in infertility by
      interfering with tubal function.

PMID- 6594013
TI  - Plasminogen activators in endometriosis.

PMID- 6594014
TI  - Distribution of HLA-antigens among patients with endometriosis.
AB  - Previous studies have demonstrated a hereditary tendency to develop endometriosis
      and the incidence of the disease varies in different ethnic groups. The genetic
      background to these differences has not been clearly explained. The present
      investigation was performed to seek a possible association between certain HLA
      antigens and endometriosis. One hundred patients were typed for HLA-A, -B and -C,
      and of these 24 were also typed for HLA-DR. No significant deviations from the
      antigen frequencies in a normal population were found. We conclude that the
      development of endometriosis does not seem to be associated with HLA-A, -B, -C or
      -DR antigens.

PMID- 6594015
TI  - Current concepts on pathology, histogenesis and etiology of endometriosis.

PMID- 6594016
TI  - Short-term effects of danazol on endometrial histology.
AB  - The synthetic steroid danazol has rapidly become the drug most commonly used in
      the hormonal treatment of endometriosis and its clinical and endocrine properties
      in women have been investigated extensively. However, little is known about the
      early effects of danazol on the endometrium. This study was performed in order to
      discover how soon after institution of danazol therapy atrophic changes can be
      observed in the endometrium. Ten patients with fibromyoma of the uterus and
      menorrhagia were treated with danazol at a dosage of 600 mg a day. During
      treatment, plasma estradiol values corresponded to those of the early follicular
      phase of a normal menstrual cycle. In 5 of the patients, endometrial biopsies
      were obtained after 8 weeks of therapy. Four of them had a thin endometrium of
      atrophic histological appearance. In view of these findings, biopsies were taken
      from a further 5 patients after only 4 weeks' treatment. All of these biopsies
      revealed a reduced endometrium and 3 of the 5 endometria were histologically
      clearly atrophic. Even if total resorption of endometriotic tissue usually takes
      a considerable time, the finding of atrophy of the uterine endometrium induced by
      danazol after only 4 weeks of treatment is consistent with the rapid improvement
      in clinical symptoms in patients with endometriosis.

PMID- 6594017
TI  - Treatment of vaginal endometriosis with danazol.
AB  - Six infertile patients with vaginal endometriosis were treated with danazol at
      600 mg daily for 6 months. Three patients had previously undergone surgery for
      pelvic endometriosis. After 4 months of danazol treatment there was a clear
      reduction in the size and number of the lesions in all the patients. At the end
      of the treatment 4 patients still had small lesions, which showed histological
      evidence of regressive changes. Four women became pregnant within 6 months of the
      termination of therapy.

PMID- 6594018
TI  - Pregnancy rates following various therapy modes for endometriosis in infertile
      patients.
AB  - A total of 215 infertile patients with endometriosis verified at least
      laparoscopically were treated between 1977 and 1982 by conservative surgery alone
      (N = 90), or with danazol, 600 mg daily and most often for 6 months, either alone
      (N = 59) or postoperatively (N = 44), or by laparoscopic electrocautery of
      endometriotic foci (N = 18). The mean age and duration of infertility were about
      the same in all groups. The disease was mild in the electrocoagulated group,
      moderate in the groups treated either exclusively surgically or with danazol, and
      most severe among the patients who received danazol following surgery. The
      uncorrected pregnancy rate after conservative surgery was 43% and the mean
      interval until conception was 11.7 months. After 6 months' danazol treatment the
      uncorrected pregnancy rate was 56% and the mean interval until conception was
      significantly (p less than 0.02) shorter, 6.7 months. Conservative surgery
      followed by danazol treatment for 6 months resulted in fewer pregnancies
      (pregnancy rate 32%) but the mean interval until conception was about the same
      (6.9 months) as after danazol therapy alone. After laparoscopic electrocautery
      the pregnancy rate was only 17%. In view of these results, we recommend that for
      infertile patients with mild or moderate endometriosis the recommended treatment
      should be medical, e.g., danazol 600 mg daily for 6 months.

PMID- 6594019
TI  - Endometriosis and infertility.

PMID- 6594020
TI  - Danazol-introductory remarks.

PMID- 6594021
TI  - The caries-preventive effect of a fluoride varnish in the fissures of the first
      permanent molar.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to assess the caries-preventive effect of
      topical application of Duraphat on the occlusal surface of newly erupted first
      permanent molars. A base-line examination was performed on children aged 5 years
      and 9 months. The children were randomly divided into a Duraphat group and a
      control group. In accordance with the anatomy of the fissure system, the molars
      were divided into shallow and deep fissures, respectively. From the time of
      eruption, 381 molars were examined every 3rd month during 24 months. Duraphat was
      applied every 6th month, altogether four times. The results showed that in the
      Duraphat group 35% of the fissures were decayed compared with 80% in the control
      group. Caries reduction amounted to 56%, and the caries-preventive effect was
      found in molars with shallow and deep fissures.

PMID- 6594022
TI  - Continuing education: attitudes and activities of Finnish dentists.
AB  - To improve the continuing education system, a group of dentists who had made
      little use of continuing education courses offered by the Finnish Dental Society
      was identified, and their opinions were mapped out and compared with those of
      dentists who had taken part in the systematic continuing education program. A
      pretested questionnaire was sent to these respective groups of 725 and 533
      dentists, giving 82% and 72% return rates. A fifth of the dentists in service had
      never made use of the continuing education courses. Compared with all working 30
      65-year-old dentists, male dentists, dentists under 35, and dentists working in
      rural area were over-represented in the group that had taken little part in
      continuing education. The dentists who had participated in systematic continuing
      education had also taken part in education organized by others twice as
      frequently as the control group. Both survey groups reported that they regularly
      read two professional periodicals on the average. There were only minor
      differences in the answers of the two groups as to whether they would be
      interested in participating in courses free of charge. The need for continuing
      education in orthodontics dominated among employed dentists, whereas self
      employed dentists most frequently perceived a need in prosthodontics. Continuing
      education was generally considered necessary and useful but somewhat expensive.

PMID- 6594023
TI  - Bilateral degenerative changes and deviation in form of temporomandibular joints.
      An autopsy study of elderly individuals.
AB  - The right and left temporomandibular joints were removed as blocks from the
      skulls of 22 individuals in the 60-89-year-old age group at autopsy. The skulls
      were examined to determine the number and position of teeth and dentures. The
      articular surfaces of the joints were examined macroscopically for topographical
      distribution and degree of degenerative changes and topographical distribution of
      deviation in form. Indices of degenerative changes and of deviation in form were
      proposed. Correlations were found between the right and left joints with respect
      to both indices for degenerative changes and deviation in form. The indices were
      also correlated with each other within the same joint. A sex difference was found
      for degenerative changes and deviation in form, with the most advanced changes in
      the joints of women. It was concluded that degenerative changes and deviation in
      form in this age group were correlated between right and left joints and within
      the same joint.

PMID- 6594024
TI  - Cell sizes and apposition of dental hard tissues in rats.
AB  - The daily apposition of the enamel and dentin and the sizes of ameloblasts and
      odontoblasts in the first upper molar of 2- to 9-day-old and of 12-day-old rats
      were examined by light microscopy of freeze-dried sections. The formation of
      enamel in the first molar started at the age of 2 days and was completed in most
      of the analyzed areas at the age of 9 days. On each day the enamel on the mesial
      sides of the cusps was about twice as thick as on the distal sides. The
      differences in thickness of dentin between the mesial and distal sides of the
      cusps were not as marked as was seen for the enamel. However, the rapid formation
      of dentin seemed to continue longer on the mesial sides than on the distal sides.
      The height of the ameloblasts and odontoblasts showed similar differences between
      the mesial and distal sides as was seen in the formation of enamel and dentin. In
      addition, these cells showed a gradual increase and decrease in height during the
      observation period, with a maximal height in the analyzed area at the age of 4-6
      days.

PMID- 6594025
TI  - Patient motives and fulfillment of motives in renewal of complete dentures.
AB  - Seventy-four edentulous patients were interviewed concerning their opinion of
      their old dentures, motives for renewing them, and requirements for new ones.
      After an initial period of adaptation they were asked questions relating to their
      experience with the new dentures. More than 80% of the patients claimed to have
      functional motives for renewing their old dentures. A similar proportion had
      functional requirements with regard to the new ones. Less than 30% claimed to
      have any esthetic motives. Examination of the data, however, suggests that the
      esthetic factor may be underrecorded. The patient motives, as recorded, were only
      weakly correlated to the overall acceptance of new dentures. More than 90% found
      their new dentures as expected or better than expected.

PMID- 6594026
TI  - Effects of methylmercury chloride on rat incisor odontoblasts and dentinogenesis.
AB  - Methylmercury chloride, a well-known nerve cell toxicant, was administered to 40
      rats in 2 groups, in doses of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg. Histomorphologic
      investigation of maxillary incisors after 2 and 4 days revealed granular and
      hydropic changes in parts of the odontoblastema. Deposition of interglobular
      dentin was seen after 7 and 11 days. The most vulnerable cells seemed to be the
      mantle dentin-producing odontoblasts, and the alterations found are probably due
      to interference with the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

PMID- 6594027
TI  - Erythromycin, past, present and future. Symposium, Vettere Konferense- og
      Studiesenter, Asker , Norway, September 16, 1983.

PMID- 6594028
TI  - Legionella pneumonia--a neglected diagnosis?
AB  - A brief survey of the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, differential
      diagnosis and treatment of infections with Legionella species is given, with
      particular emphasis on Legionella pneumophila. Because of recent epidemiological
      evidence that this species may be an important cause of both community-acquired
      and hospital-acquired pneumonia, particularly in the immunosuppressed patient, it
      is suggested that this microbial agent should be considered more often in the
      differential diagnosis of pneumonia. This has practical implications for therapy,
      since the drug of choice in Legionella infections is erythromycin, with
      doxycycline as an alternative. Rifampicin may be added to one of the drugs
      mentioned, in serious infection.

PMID- 6594029
TI  - Treatment of genital tract infections due to Chlamydia trachomatis.

PMID- 6594030
TI  - Further studies on the effects of the GM1 ganglioside on the degenerative and
      regenerative features of mesostriatal dopamine neurons.
AB  - By means of computer assisted morphometry and microdensitometry the effects of
      chronic GM-1 ganglioside treatment have been further evaluated on the
      degenerative and regenerative features of mesostriatal DA neurons in the rat
      brain. In this study mainly a rostrocaudal morphometrical analysis was performed
      in the substantia nigra of the lesioned side. The specificity of the action of
      the GM-1 ganglioside on the substantia nigra DA cells was evaluated by a
      comparison with antiinflammatory drugs such as betametazon and acetylsalicylic
      acid. In the rostrocaudal analysis it was demonstrated that chronic GM-1
      treatment preferentially protected the caudally located dopamine nerve cells from
      degeneration after partial hemitransection, while instead this chronic GM-1
      treatment increased tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity mainly within the
      rostrally located DA nerve cells present close to the site of the lesion.
      Furthermore, the specificity of the GM-1 action was demonstrated by the absence
      of protective effects of chronic treatment with betametazon and acetylsalicylic
      acid on the dopamine nerve cells of the lesioned side. These results open up the
      possibility that chronic GM-1 treatment, by exerting a stimulatory metabolic
      action on the DA nerve cells located close to the lesion, can enhance the
      production of neurotrophic factors in these cells, which in turn can diffuse out
      to increase the survival of the less severely lesioned DA nerve cells located in
      the caudal part of the substantia nigra. These results indicate that chronic GM-1
      treatment may be beneficial in the treatment of neurons undergoing degeneration,
      which takes place e.g. in Parkinson's disease and after mechanical injury to the
      brain due to accidents or neurosurgical operations.

PMID- 6594031
TI  - Respiratory drive and breathing pattern during exercise in man.
AB  - Changes in respiratory drive, as assessed by mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1), and
      in breathing pattern were studied in 19 healthy subjects who exercised on a cycle
      ergometer with work loads ranging from loadless pedalling up to the highest load
      that could be sustained for 4 min. In the P0.1 studies, experiments were carried
      out both at normal atmospheric pressure and during hyperbaric conditions in which
      the density (D) of the respired gas was increased. Analyses of observed changes
      in P0.1 and in the interrelations of minute ventilation (V), tidal volume (VT),
      inspiratory (TI), expiratory (TE) and total breath (Ttot) durations, and lung
      volumes yielded the following results and conclusions: Analyses of inspiratory
      and expiratory volume threshold curves in terms of the relations between end
      inspiratory volume and TI on one hand, and end-expiratory volume and TE on the
      other, suggest that the termination of inspiration during cycle exercise is
      dependent on volume-related afferent feedback from the lungs and/or chest wall,
      not only in the high but also in the low volume range, and expiratory muscle
      activity occurs already at low exercise intensities, combined with active control
      of expiratory flow, end-expiratory volume and TE as exercise hyperpnea
      intensifies. TI/Ttot increased with V and work intensity through a number of
      mechanisms which accelerate the increase in mean expiratory flow compared with
      that in mean inspiratory flow (VT/TI), the change in timing presumably reducing
      the oxygen cost of respiration at any given exercise-induced ventilatory demand.
      With increments in work load, P0.1 increased at higher rates than V and VT/TI,
      both in the normo- and hyperbaric conditions. Respiratory impedance,
      P0.1/(VT/TI), increased with both D and VT/TI. The relationship of P0.1, D and
      VT/TI approximated the equation P0.1 = K X D0.5(VT/TI)b, where K varies among
      subjects due to differences in i.a. vital capacity, and b has a value close to
      1.5. The observed changes in P0.1 suggest that the respiratory drive was reflexly
      enhanced in response to loading as airway resistance increased with D and/or
      VT/TI, whereby any depression of V or VT/TI attributable to the increased
      respiratory impedance was counteracted.

PMID- 6594032
TI  - 39th Nordic Congress of Internal Medicine and annual spring meeting for the
      Danish Societies of Internal Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Physiology
      and Nuclear Medicine. Copenhagen, June 7-9, 1984. Proceedings and abstracts.

PMID- 6594033
TI  - Sodium and blood pressure. Studies in young and middle-aged men with a positive
      family history of hypertension.
AB  - To study the relationship between family history of hypertension and the response
      to increased salt intake, normotensive 50-year-old men with (n = 11) and without
      (n = 26) and younger men (mean age 30 years) with (n = 17) and without (n = 15) a
      family history of hypertension were studied on habitual and increased salt intake
      (ordinary intake + 12 g NaCl/day for four weeks). No difference in blood pressure
      was seen in either age group between the familial groups during habitual salt
      intake. The older group increased blood pressure and weight during high salt
      intake, whilst the younger group did not, indicating that age is important for
      the handling of sodium. Family history had no impact on the changes in blood
      pressure. Echocardiography in the younger group showed no haemodynamic
      differences between the familial groups during habitual salt but after three days
      of high salt an increased cardiac output and a decreased total peripheral
      resistance was seen in the group with a family history of hypertension while the
      control group showed no such changes. This difference disappeared during the
      course of the study. Plethysmography in the younger group showed no structural
      vascular changes in the familially predisposed group. At rest they had however an
      increased resistance and vascular tone indicating a higher contractile state in
      their calf muscle resistance vessels. Increased salt intake did not influence any
      of these variables in neither group. Both the younger and older familially
      predisposed men had higher levels of intraerythrocyte sodium during habitual salt
      intake compared to the control groups. In the younger group this increase was
      probably due to a significant decrease in the sodium efflux rate constant. During
      high salt the intraerythrocyte sodium decreased in the familially predisposed
      groups, and the efflux rate constant in the younger group increased
      significantly, the initial difference between the familial groups thereby
      disappeared. These findings do not support the existence of a circulating sodium
      transport inhibitor. No difference in catecholamine excretion was seen between
      the familial groups during habitual salt intake. An increase in urine
      catecholamines was seen during increased salt intake in the older group whilst a
      slight decrease was seen in the younger groups mainly during the first 10 days.
      The reason for this discrepancy is not clear. During ordinary salt intake a
      higher plasma renin activity was noted in the younger familially predisposed
      group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6594034
TI  - The topography of binge eating.
AB  - The present study investigated the topography of binge eating by comparing
      characteristics of eating episodes recorded by individuals who engage in binge
      eating (n = 29) with those who do not (n = 27), and characteristics of binge and
      non-binge episodes recorded by individuals who binge eat. For 2 weeks, subjects
      continuously recorded the type and quantity of food eaten during each eating
      episode, time and place of consumption, number of persons present, mood while
      eating, and whether the food eaten was part of a meal or snack. Results indicated
      binge eaters experienced negative moods during a significantly greater proportion
      of their eating episodes than non-binge eaters. Within the group of binge eaters,
      negative moods were experienced during a significantly greater proportion of
      binge episodes than non-binge episodes. Furthermore, binge episodes occurred
      significantly more often than non-binge episodes from 6:00 to 12:00 p.m. and
      significantly less often at appropriate places. Clinical implications of these
      findings are discussed.

PMID- 6594035
TI  - [Use of latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps in head and neck surgery].

PMID- 6594036
TI  - [Value of toluidine blue in the diagnosis of tumors of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6594037
TI  - Mucoceles of the paranasal sinuses.

PMID- 6594038
TI  - Philadelphia chromosome-negative CML with eosinophils?

PMID- 6594039
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of intravenous and intramuscular recombinant alpha
      2 interferon in patients with malignancies.
AB  - Fifteen patients with advanced hematopoietic and other malignancies were treated
      with recombinant DNA produced Alpha 2 Interferon (IFN) (Schering) by intravenous
      (IV) and intramuscular (IM) routes at weekly intervals in escalating doses from 1
      X 10(6) IU to 100 X 10(6) IU in order to determine the tolerance and
      pharmacokinetics. The most common side effects included fever, chills, myalgia,
      and arthralgia. At doses of 60 X 10(6) or above, severe but reversible
      hypotension was observed in five patients receiving interferon by intravenous
      route. Patients receiving interferon by intramuscular route had fever, chills,
      and myalgias but did not develop hypotension at the same dosage. Two patients
      with non-Hodgkin lymphoma showed objective evidence of regression. Our data
      suggest a biphasic pattern of elimination with terminal half-life ranging from
      1.9 to 2.9 hours and peak titer of 16,000 units and under for IV interferon, and
      terminal half-life of 6 hours with peak titers of 600 units for intramuscular
      interferon. However, interpatient variability precludes a definite conclusion.
      Although the areas under the serum concentration vs time curves were similar, the
      intravenous route provided higher but unsustained levels of interferon than the
      intramuscular route.

PMID- 6594040
TI  - Genetic heterogeneity of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus: evidence
      from a study of extended haplotypes.
AB  - Two hundred subjects with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
      were typed for HLA-B, HLA-DR, and properdin factor B (Bf). HLA and Bf antigen and
      haplotype frequencies in subjects were compared with control frequencies derived
      from the 8th HLA Workshop. Frequencies of extended haplotypes (defined by B-Bf-DR
      alleles on a chromosome) were also contrasted with control frequencies.
      Significant positive associations between IDDM and HLA-B8, DR3, DR4, BfS, and
      BfF1 were confirmed, as were significant negative associations between IDDM and
      HLA-B7, DR2, DR5, DR7, and BfF. One haplotype (B7-BfS-DR2) exhibited significant
      negative association, while five haplotypes (B8-BfS-DR3, B8-BfS-DR4, B15-BfS-DR4,
      B18-BfF1-DR3, and B40-BfS-DR4) exhibited significant positive associations with
      IDDM. In this sample, 64% of all probands carried at least one of the high-risk
      haplotypes. In conclusion, the occurrence of five "high-risk" haplotypes
      associated with IDDM provides evidence for previously undocumented genetic
      heterogeneity and suggests that possibly more than two HLA-region genes may be
      involved in IDDM susceptibility.

PMID- 6594041
TI  - HLA-associated diseases: a new method for performing linkage analysis with other
      markers than HLA.
AB  - It has been shown that genetic factors within the HLA region are involved in the
      etiology of several diseases. For some of these, the existence of another genetic
      factor has been suggested, although not proven. A possible way to give evidence
      for another locus (G) is to show that the disease and an unlinked HLA-marker
      locus (M) do not segregate independently. The usual lod-score method, which
      assumes monogenic inheritance, is inappropriate for this test. We propose a
      correction of this method for performing a linkage analysis between the G and M
      loci, taking into account the role of HLA. A very simple way of using the HLA
      information is by modifying, for each individual of a pedigree, the penetrance
      values at the G locus according to the number of HLA haplotypes shared with the
      index case. These penetrance values are inferred from the observed IBD (identity
      by-descent) distribution of HLA haplotypes in a sample of affected sib-pairs. The
      advantage of using this empirical distribution is that it is not based on any
      assumptions concerning the mode of inheritance at the HLA-linked locus. This
      correction method was established using a two-locus model with restrictive
      assumptions. Its value is discussed for various sets of parameters in more
      general and realistic two-locus models using simulations.

PMID- 6594042
TI  - Parental HLA compatibility, fetal wastage and neural tube defects: evidence for a
      T/t-like locus in humans.
AB  - To test the hypothesis that a locus in or near the human major histocompatibility
      complex (HLA) contributes to both involuntary fetal loss and neural tube defects
      (NTD), we evaluated sharing of antigens of the HLA-A, HLA-B, or HLA-DR loci of
      couples who had three or more first-trimester spontaneous abortions or who had a
      child with an NTD (myelomeningocele or anencephaly). HLA-A antigen sharing was
      increased in couples with three or more spontaneous abortions and in couples who
      had an anencephalic fetus, when compared with couples who had three or more
      pregnancies and no fetal loss. Increased sharing of antigens at the HLA-A and B
      loci was not seen in the entire group of couples with children with
      myelomeningocele, but was found in the subgroup of 36 couples whose child had a
      lumbar myelomeningocele. An increase in HLA-DR sharing was not seen in any group
      or subgroup when compared with the control couples. Among the aborting couples,
      increased sharing was not restricted to the couples who had no term pregnancies,
      but was also found in the couples whose fetal losses occurred after one or more
      normal term pregnancies. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that a
      locus on the HLA-A side of the HLA-DR locus contributes to some fetal loss and
      susceptibility to NTD. This model is proposed as an alternative to the hypothesis
      that the maternal immune response to paternal major histocompatibility complex
      (MHC) antigens is the basis for increased HLA sharing in couples with fetal
      wastage.

PMID- 6594043
TI  - Incidence and significance of supernumerary marker chromosomes in prenatal
      diagnosis.
AB  - The finding of a supernumerary marker chromosome in amniotic fluid cells poses a
      considerable counseling dilemma. In 6,500 cases referred to our laboratory over a
      4 1/2-year period, eight such cases were identified (0.123% of all cases). In
      five of the eight cases, a diagnosis of true mosaicism between cells with 46 and
      47 chromosomes was made. In the remaining three cases, the marker was present in
      100% of the cells. In three cases, the marker was determined to be familial in
      nature with mosaicism present in the parents of two of these cases. Detailed
      cytogenetic findings for each case are provided. In no cases were abnormalities
      noted in either abortuses or live borns. The high incidence of mosaicism in these
      cases seems to indicate a propensity for supernumerary chromosomes to be lost.
      Familial markers may not be passed on for many generations, and they may arise as
      new mutations relatively frequently. There is an urgent need for more information
      on the risks associated with the prenatal detection of supernumerary chromosomes.
      We recommend that in considering the implications of the prenatal detection of
      marker chromosomes cases be considered in at least four distinct groups: type 1-
      familial and nonmosaic; type 2--familial with mosaicism in either the amniotic
      fluid cells, a parent, or both; type 3--de novo markers and nonmosaic; and type 4
      -de novo with mosaicism present in the amniotic fluid cells.

PMID- 6594044
TI  - Beta-thalassemia in the Po Delta: selection, geography, and population structure.
AB  - The allele frequencies for beta-thalassemia for 51 localities in the province of
      Rovigo, and in 25 localities in the province of Ferrara, were studied. It was
      observed that in the province of Ferrara there is a significant cline of
      frequencies; these decrease from the coast of the Adriatic Sea toward the west.
      No such gradient was visible in Rovigo. It was advanced, also on the basis of
      geography documented by ancient maps, that in the province of Rovigo there were
      multiple foci of selection for the thalassemia gene, and that in the province of
      Ferrara selection was stronger in the Oriental part of the area. Examination of
      the isolation by distance model with these data showed that the Malecot-Morton
      model fits for the Ferrara data and geography, whereas it does not for Rovigo.

PMID- 6594045
TI  - The William Allan Memorial Award address: Reverse genetics and beyond.

PMID- 6594047
TI  - Hydroxyethylcellulose gel as a dinoprostone vehicle.

PMID- 6594046
TI  - The steroid sulfatase locus on structurally abnormal inactive X chromosomes is
      expressed.
AB  - In mammalian somatic cells, sex-chromosome dosage compensation is achieved by
      random inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes. The Xg blood group antigen
      (Xg) and steroid sulfatase (STS) loci on the distal end of the short arm of the X
      chromosome have been shown to escape this inactivation. However, it has been
      reported that on structurally abnormal inactive X chromosomes Xg and STS are
      inactivated. This discrepancy requires further consideration since whatever
      process accounts for the lack of inactivation of these loci on structurally
      normal, inactive X chromosomes might be anticipated to be operative on
      structurally abnormal, inactive X chromosomes. To investigate this issue, we
      examined the expression of STS activity in mouse-human somatic-cell hybrids
      retaining two different, deleted, inactive human X chromosomes. These studies
      provide evidence for lack of inactivation of STS on structurally abnormal,
      inactive X chromosomes.

PMID- 6594048
TI  - Case report: spurious hypokalemia in myeloproliferative disorders.
AB  - Four patients with myeloproliferative disorders and hypokalemia due to an
      artifactual in vitro phenomenon are described. Hypokalemia was due to an
      increased potassium uptake by the abnormal white blood cells. Spurious
      hypokalemia may explain in part the electrolyte disturbances found in many
      leukemic patients.

PMID- 6594049
TI  - Meclofenamate and prostaglandin E2 affect breathing movements independently of
      glucose concentrations in fetal sheep.
AB  - Fetal breathing movements in sheep are stimulated by infusions of a prostaglandin
      synthetase inhibitor, meclofenamate; they are inhibited by prostaglandin E2.
      Recent studies suggest that these effects are mediated through changes in fetal
      plasma glucose concentrations. We infused into chronic fetal sheep preparations
      (1) glucose, (2) meclofenamate, and (3) prostaglandin E2, followed by
      prostaglandin E2 and glucose together. Infusions of glucose alone did not affect
      fetal breathing movements despite a significant twofold increase in glucose
      concentrations. During meclofenamate infusions, fetal breathing movements
      increased from 34.9% to 80.6% (p less than 0.005); glucose concentrations did not
      change. During prostaglandin E2 infusions, fetal breathing movements decreased
      from 36.5% to 4.1% (p less than 0.005) without any change in glucose
      concentrations; the addition of glucose did not alter the effects of
      prostaglandin E2 on fetal breathing movements. We conclude that fetal infusions
      of glucose in sheep do not affect fetal breathing movements and the effects on
      these breathing movements produced by meclofenamate and prostaglandin E2 are
      independent of the changes in plasma glucose concentrations.

PMID- 6594050
TI  - The plan of the human face: a test of three general concepts.
AB  - In The Handbook of Facial Growth, Enlow proposes a series of anatomic concepts
      that account for "the plan of the human face." Three of those concepts are
      examined in this article, which presents measurements of 253 adult female
      primates from thirty-two species. As part of a system of craniofacial
      counterparts, Enlow proposes that the breadth of the mandibular ramus should
      equal the breadth of the pharynx. The relationship between ramus breadth and PNS
      Ba in the primates studied strongly supports this hypothesis. A second concept
      tested concerns the relationship between prognathism and maxillary arch length.
      The relationship is not as strong as in the previous case, and some species are
      more prognathic than required for the size of their dentition. It is concluded
      that arch length and prognathism have an important biologic relationship but that
      the two features can vary with some independence. The third concept tested is the
      relationship between prognathism and interorbital breadth. Here the relationship
      is weak, and it is concluded that the interorbital breadth is not significant in
      setting a structural limit to the amount of facial prognathism.

PMID- 6594051
TI  - Alterations in nasal airway resistance following superior repositioning of the
      maxilla.
AB  - Superior repositioning of the maxilla is a contemporary surgical procedure used
      to correct a variety of dentofacial deformities, including vertical maxillary
      excess. Concern for the effect of this procedure on nasal respiration is
      warranted, since superior repositioning of the maxilla may decrease the volume of
      the nasal cavity. In this study pre- and postoperative nasal-resistance values
      were obtained for 52 patients who underwent superior repositioning of the maxilla
      by the LeFort I downfracture procedure. Of these 52 patients, 24 underwent
      segmental osteotomies and 28 underwent one-piece superior repositioning. Results
      indicate that the long-faced persons for whom superior repositioning of the
      maxilla is recommended usually have pretreatment nasal-resistance values within
      previously reported normal ranges. Superior repositioning of the maxilla, with or
      without involvement of the nasal floor, usually results in decreased nasal
      resistance.

PMID- 6594053
TI  - A cephalometric analysis of skeletal and dental changes contributing to Class II
      correction in activator treatment.
AB  - The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate cephalometrically the mechanism
      of anteroposterior occlusal changes in activator treatment. The analysis used
      made it possible to relate alterations in the occlusion to sagittal skeletal and
      dental changes in the maxilla and mandible. The sample consisted of thirty Class
      II, Division 1 malocclusion cases treated successfully with activators during an
      average time period of 32 months. Before- and after-treatment head films in
      centric occlusion were analyzed. The occlusal line (OL) and occlusal line
      perpendicular (OLp) through sella were used for reference. Linear measurements
      were performed parallel to OL. The following results were found: (1) The
      improvement in occlusal relationships in the molar and incisor segments was about
      equally a result of skeletal and dental changes. (2) Overjet correction averaging
      5.0 mm was a result of 2.4 mm more mandibular growth than maxillary growth, a 2.5
      mm distal movement of the maxillary incisors, and a 0.1 mm mesial movement of the
      mandibular incisors. (3) Class II molar correction averaging 5.1 mm was a result
      of 2.4 mm more mandibular growth than maxillary growth, a 0.4 mm distal movement
      of the maxillary molars, and a 2.3 mm mesial movement of the mandibular molars.
      (4) When the findings were compared with longitudinal records of persons with
      normal occlusion (Bolton standards), activator treatment seemed to inhibit
      maxillary growth, move the maxillary incisors and molars distally, and move the
      mandibular incisors and molars mesially. Mandibular growth appeared not to be
      affected by activator treatment.

PMID- 6594052
TI  - Morphologic response to changes in neuromuscular patterns experimentally induced
      by altered modes of respiration.
AB  - The present experiment was designed to test whether specific recordable changes
      in the neuromuscular system could be associated with specific alterations in soft
      and hard-tissue morphology in the craniofacial region. The effect of
      experimentally induced neuromuscular changes on the craniofacial skeleton and
      dentition of eight rhesus monkeys was studied. The neuromuscular changes were
      triggered by complete nasal airway obstruction and the need for an oral airway.
      Alterations were also triggered 2 years later by removal of the obstruction and
      the return to nasal breathing. Changes in neuromuscular recruitment patterns
      resulted in changed function and posture of the mandible, tongue, and upper lip.
      There was considerable variation among the animals. Statistically significant
      morphologic effects of the induced changes were documented in several of the
      measured variables after the 2-year experimental period. The anterior face height
      increased more in the experimental animals than in the control animals; the
      occlusal and mandibular plane angles measured to the sella-nasion line increased;
      and anterior crossbites and malposition of teeth occurred. During the
      postexperimental period some of these changes were reversed. Alterations in soft
      tissue morphology were also observed during both experimental periods. There was
      considerable variation in morphologic response among the animals. It was
      concluded that the marked individual variations in skeletal morphology and
      dentition resulting from the procedures were due to the variation in nature and
      degree of neuromuscular and soft-tissue adaptations in response to the altered
      function. The recorded neuromuscular recruitment patterns could not be directly
      related to specific changes in morphology.

PMID- 6594054
TI  - A discussion of tasks that can be performed by a computerized orthodontic office
      management system.
AB  - A decision to use a computerized office management system is an option now
      available to the orthodontist. The present article describes some of the ways in
      which such a system can serve the orthodontist's office. The opinions and
      conclusions expressed are the result of the author's experience in a team effort,
      with a professional computer programmer, to develop a software system to serve
      his own office.

PMID- 6594055
TI  - Comparison study between three tooth positioners.
AB  - Maintenance of arch dimensions during treatment and retention is essential for
      the stability of orthodontic results. This study compared ten essential
      measurements between posttreatment models and three different tooth positioners.
      Two custom-made positioners and one prefabricated positioner were evaluated. The
      material for this study consisted of models of twelve patients who were treated
      orthodontically to a Class I occlusion. Three sets of models were made at the
      debanding appointment. One set was kept as the original control model. The other
      two sets were sent to two different laboratories for construction of custom-made
      positioners. Identical instructions were included. A fourth set of models was
      made from the prefinisher positioner that was selected for each patient. The
      original control model, the returned individualized setups, and the prefinisher
      models were compared. Changes in maxillary and mandibular intercanine and
      intermolar widths were recorded, along with arch length, molar classification,
      rotations, spaces, curve of Spee, overjet, overbite, midline discrepancies, and
      teeth positioned out of arch symmetry. This study showed that there was a
      significant difference in the mandibular intercanine and maxillary intermolar
      width between the control model and the prefinisher model. No significant
      difference in arch length, maxillary intercanine width, and mandibular intermolar
      width was found between the control model and the other three models. All studied
      models had a Class I molar relationship. Open contact points and a slight curve
      of Spee were found in a high percentage of cases. Rotations, midline
      discrepancies, overjet, and overbite were within normal limits. Arch symmetry was
      acceptable in all but one case. Positioners, although they appear in most cases
      to respect individual arch dimensions, should be checked carefully before
      delivery to the patient.

PMID- 6594056
TI  - Orthodontic graduate education survey.

PMID- 6594057
TI  - Beyond roentgenographic cephalometry--what?

PMID- 6594058
TI  - Prediction of mandibular growth rotation evaluated from a longitudinal implant
      sample.
AB  - The aim of this study was to estimate the possibility of predicting the direction
      and the amount of growth rotation of the mandible on the basis of morphologic
      criteria observed on a single profile radiograph at pubertal age. The difficulty
      in such an analysis is due to the fact that the actual growth rotation cannot be
      evaluated from radiographs by measurements at outer bony contours subjected to
      remodeling. The sample consisted of twenty-one persons in whom the actual
      mandibular growth rotation was determined from metallic implants over a 6-year
      period at around the time of puberty. Morphologic features from the first profile
      radiograph could therefore be compared with the observed growth changes over the
      study period and their predicting values calculated. A total of forty-four
      morphologic variables were employed and the data were analyzed by multivariate
      statistical methods. For each person, the variables which, alone and in
      combination, showed the highest predictive value with respect to total mandibular
      growth rotation are specified. The four variables which, in combination, gave the
      best prognostic estimate (86%) of mandibular growth rotation in this sample are
      (1) mandibular inclination, represented by three alternatives--(a) Index I
      (proportion between posterior and anterior facial height, (b) lower gonial angle
      (GOL), (c) inclination of lower border (NSL-ML1); (2) intermolar angle (MOLs
      MOLi); (3) shape of lower border (ML1-ML2); and (4) inclination of symphysis (CTL
      NSL). The statistical analysis was based on a sample of extreme cases. In
      children with a more normal growth pattern, these features may be less developed.
      The concordance between the predicted and the observed growth changes is
      illustrated graphically for each person.

PMID- 6594059
TI  - Prediction of mandibular rotation: an empirical test of clinician performance.
AB  - An experiment was conducted in an attempt to determine empirically how effective
      a number of expert clinicians were at differentiating "backward rotators" from
      "forward rotators" on the basis of head-film information which might reasonably
      have been available to them prior to instituting treatment for the correction of
      Class II malocclusion. As a result of a previously reported ongoing study, pre-
      and posttreatment head films were available for 188 patients treated in the mixed
      dentition for the correction of Class II malocclusion and for 50 untreated Class
      II subjects. These subjects were divided into 14 groups (average size of group,
      17; range, 6 to 23) solely on the basis of type of treatment and the clinician
      from whose clinic the records had originated. From within each group, we selected
      the two or three subjects who had exhibited the most extreme backward rotation
      and the two or three subjects who had exhibited the most extreme forward rotation
      of the mandible during the interval between films. The sole criterion for
      classification was magnitude of change in the mandibular plane angle of Downs
      between the pre- and posttreatment films of each patient. The resulting sample
      contained 32 backward-rotator subjects and 32 forward-rotator subjects. Five
      expert judges (mean clinical experience, 28 years) were asked to identify the
      backward-rotator subjects by examination of the pretreatment films. The findings
      may be summarized as follows: (1) No judge performed significantly better than
      chance. (2) There was strong evidence that the judges used a shared, though
      relatively ineffective, set of rules in making their discriminations between
      forward and backward rotators. (3) Statistical analysis of the predictive power
      of a set of standard cephalometric measurements which had previously been made
      for this set of subjects indicated that the numerical data also failed to
      identify potential backward rotators at a rate significantly better than chance.
      We infer from these findings that the ability of clinicians to identify backward
      rotators on the basis of information available at the outset of treatment is
      poor. Hence, we believe that it is unlikely that such predictions play any
      consequential operational role in the planning of successful orthodontic therapy
      at the present state of the art.

PMID- 6594060
TI  - Temporomandibular disorders and functional occlusion after orthodontic treatment:
      results of two long-term studies.
AB  - The prevalence of temporomandibular (TM) disorders and the status of the
      functional occlusion in former orthodontic patients many years after treatment
      were evaluated in two independent clinical studies. In each study, the former
      orthodontic patients were compared to similar groups of adults with untreated
      Class I and Class II malocclusions. Both studies reported similar findings with
      regard to TM disorders; there was no statistically significant difference (p
      greater than 0.05) between the orthodontic and control groups in either study.
      The illinois study found a high prevalence of nonfunctional (balancing) contacts
      in both groups, while the Eastman study found a somewhat lower prevalence.
      Differences for most of the occlusal parameters between the orthodontic and
      control groups were not statistically significant in either study. The findings
      for these two studies are similar and suggest that orthodontic treatment
      performed during adolescence does not generally increase or decrease the risk of
      developing TM disorders in later life.

PMID- 6594061
TI  - Analysis and design of multiple-beam appliances.
AB  - A new approach for the analysis of multiple-beam structures, such as headgear
      bows, is developed for beams which contain arbitrary curvatures, twists, and
      material properties. The generalized transfer matrix of a single-beam analysis is
      converted to a stiffness matrix and inserted into a global matrix which describes
      the entire system. The effect of inner bow wire size (0.044 inch and 0.051 inch)
      on the force system is demonstrated. The inner bow with the larger cross section
      shows only a slight (not clinically significant) reduction in rotational moment
      and buccal force applied because of its greater ability to resist deformation
      during the loading process. Small amounts of tooth and/or tube rotations ("play")
      result in a significant reduction of the crown rotational moment. With increasing
      rotation of the tube to the inner bow, the high lateral forces and large moments
      found about the long axis of the teeth are found to reduce. Symmetrical headgears
      are chosen to illustrate the analysis and to indicate the manner in which this
      approach may be used to study and design similar orthodontic appliances.

PMID- 6594062
TI  - Force relaxation in orthodontic arch wires.
AB  - Wire selection for use in an orthodontic appliance is usually based upon clinical
      impressions. This is unsatisfactory. A far better basis for selection would be
      measured values of the forces exerted by the arch wire, both initially on
      insertion of the appliance and their variation with time as a result of tooth
      movement and of stress relaxation in the wire. An apparatus has been designed to
      measure force relaxation in orthodontic arch wires shaped into a representative
      arch form. Measurements of the force relaxation have been made in stainless
      steel, Elgiloy, and nitinol wires at 21 degrees C and 37 degrees C. All the wires
      were found to relax at 21 degrees C, but no relaxation was observed in nitinol at
      37 degrees C. The rates of relaxation were found to vary widely; stainless steel
      wires produced by Wilcock in Australia relaxed significantly less than Elgiloy
      wires. A heat treatment performed on green Elgiloy eliminated the relaxation
      altogether and had a significant but lesser effect on blue Elgiloy.

PMID- 6594063
TI  - Clinical assessment of injuries in orthodontic movement of impacted teeth. II.
      Surgical recommendations.
AB  - Adverse effects on periodontal tissues have been associated with surgical
      techniques used to expose impacted teeth that are to undergo orthodontic tooth
      movement. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects on the
      periodontium of two of the more commonly used surgical techniques for labially
      impacted canines--(1) exposure of the entire labial aspect of the anatomic crown
      with total excision of all keratinized tissue (the window approach) and (2) a
      technique which exposes only 4 to 5 mm of the most superficial portion of the
      labial aspect of the cusp tip while maintaining 2 to 3 mm of keratinized tissue.
      Twelve patients were selected who had undergone comprehensive orthodontic therapy
      for a unilateral labial impaction of an upper canine, and who had the impacted
      canine surgically exposed with a window approach. This group's periodontal status
      after orthodontic therapy was compared to that of another group of twelve
      patients who had also undergone comprehensive orthodontic therapy for a
      unilaterally impacted labial upper canine but in whom the surgical exposure of
      the impacted tooth had been performed in a manner which preserved 2 to 3 mm of
      keratinized tissue on the labial aspect. The results indicated that the twelve
      subjects in whom the window approach had been used had statistically more
      gingival recession, gingival inflammation, and loss of attachment on the labial
      and labioproximal surfaces of the impacted teeth than the other group that had 2
      to 3 mm keratinized tissue maintained after surgical exposure (p less than 0.05).

PMID- 6594064
TI  - An epidemiologic transition in dental occlusion in world populations.
AB  - An epidemiologic transition to high prevalence of such diseases as diabetes and
      coronary heart disease accompanies the process of
      modernization/industrialization. I suggest that an equally clearly defined
      epidemiologic transition characterizes malaligned and discrepant dental occlusal
      relations in western societies, and others undergoing urbanization, and that the
      rapidity of the transition is proportional to the rapidity of urbanizational
      change. This phenomenon rather throws the weight of suspicion toward
      environmental, not genetic, etiologic factors. The dental occlusal epidemiologic
      transition provides a model for developing further research into causes of
      malocclusion.

PMID- 6594066
TI  - Orthodontic specialty education.

PMID- 6594065
TI  - The nasion-sella reference line in cephalometry: a methodologic study.
AB  - This investigation was undertaken to examine the effects of the registration
      error of the nasion-sella reference line (NSL) upon the values of angular and
      linear head film measurements. A comparison was made between two methods of
      constructing the NSL: (1) using the anatomically defined landmarks nasion and
      sella (L method) and (2) using the stable skull structures in the anterior
      cranial base (S method). Double registrations of sixteen pairs of lateral head
      films, from before and after 3 years of activator treatment, were performed by
      two observers. The results of the investigation revealed the following: (1) The
      registration error of the NSL affected angular and linear head film measures to a
      considerable degree. (2) The registration error was larger for the S method than
      for the L method. (3) The two observers differed in locating the NSL. The
      interobserver difference was especially apparent for the S method. The clinician
      should be aware of the NSL-registration error in the analysis of both single and
      serial radiographs. A misjudgment of the position of the reference line may
      result in diagnostic misinterpretations, thus affecting treatment planning or
      leading to false conclusions when the outcome of a particular treatment procedure
      is evaluated. In longitudinal studies covering a short period of growth, the L
      method would be the method of choice.

PMID- 6594067
TI  - Etiology of maxillary canine impactions.

PMID- 6594068
TI  - Re: The effect of Le Fort I maxillary impaction on nasal airway resistance.

PMID- 6594069
TI  - Mechanism of furosemide-induced natriuresis by direct stimulation of renal
      prostaglandin E2.
AB  - Studies were conducted to investigate the interaction of renal prostaglandin E2
      (PGE2) production and the renin-angiotensin system in the mechanism of furosemide
      induced natriuresis. In conscious rabbits with permanent urinary bladder
      cannulation, furosemide in vivo (10 mg/kg) increased urinary water, sodium, and
      PGE2 excretion and plasma renin activity (PRA) over 50 min. Furosemide
      administered in vivo enhanced renal papillary but not cortical in vitro PGE2
      biosynthesis. Prior administration of indomethacin at 2 mg/kg augmented the
      saluretic effect of furosemide, decreased its effect on UPGE2 V, abolished the
      rise in PRA, and reduced cortical but not papillary PGE2 biosynthesis. However,
      at 10 mg/kg, indomethacin reduced the saluretic effect of furosemide and
      eliminated the increase in UPGE2 V with continued suppression of PRA. Direct
      addition of furosemide in vitro to the incubation medium (10(-5) and 10(-3) M)
      markedly augmented papillary PGE2 synthesis. It is concluded that furosemide
      stimulates renal papillary PGE2 biosynthesis directly without mediation by
      angiotensin II, resulting in an increase in UPGE2 V, and the enhanced or
      inhibitory effect of indomethacin on furosemide-induced natriuresis is dose
      related and dependent on the degree of PGE2 synthesis inhibition in the presence
      of suppressed PRA, which occurred at all doses studied.

PMID- 6594070
TI  - Blood pressure control in pregnant rabbits: norepinephrine and prostaglandin
      interactions.
AB  - The relationship between norepinephrine (NE) and prostaglandins in the regulation
      of systemic blood pressure during pregnancy was examined in conscious rabbits.
      The arterial prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was higher in pregnant than in
      nonpregnant rabbits. Resting blood pressure was slightly lower in the gravid
      animals. The pressor response to incremental doses of intravenous NE was blunted
      in the pregnant rabbits. Meclofenamate, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, failed to
      alter the resting blood pressure in either group of animals, although it reduced
      PGE2 levels more than 60% in the pregnant rabbits. The pressor response to NE was
      significantly increased only in the pregnant rabbits when the NE infusion was
      repeated following meclofenamate. Pregnant rabbits could also be differentiated
      from nonpregnant by their higher peripheral blood levels of NE and their uniform
      hypotensive response to alpha-adrenergic blockade. These observations define an
      altered responsiveness to both endogenous and exogenous NE in pregnant rabbits
      that appears to be related to an increase in vasodilator prostaglandins.

PMID- 6594071
TI  - Hygroscopic condenser humidifiers: value for money?

PMID- 6594072
TI  - Delayed hypersensitivity responses of cancer patients to recall antigens using a
      new "Multitest" applicator.
AB  - Testing of delayed-type hypersensitivity to recall antigens is acknowledged to be
      a useful assessment of cell-mediated immunity in cancer patients. The
      conventional method, however, has suffered from a lack of standardized antigens
      and variability owing to the method of application of the recall antigens. The
      Multitest-CMI system by the Merieux Institute offers an alterative. It employs
      standardized antigens and a single-stroke applicator, which is simpler to use and
      presumably subject to less variation. The present study compares the conventional
      and Multitest batteries done over an 8-month period in 403 cancer patients. The
      results suggest that the Multitest is easier to administer and is tolerated
      better by patients than the conventional method. Furthermore, the Multitest can
      detect recall antigen anergy or reactivity and correlates well in degrees of
      reactivity to the individual test battery. Consequently, Multitest-CMI can be
      substituted for the conventional battery in skin testing for immunocompetence in
      cancer patients.

PMID- 6594073
TI  - Inhibition of lung fibroblast growth by human lung mononuclear cells.
AB  - Mononuclear cell-fibroblast interactions in the normal human lung are poorly
      understood. To investigate these interactions, we characterized the effect on
      lung fibroblast growth of supernatants from nonadherent lung mononuclear cells
      cultured with or without phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Supernatants from unstimulated
      cells had no effect on fibroblast growth. Supernatants from lung mononuclear
      cells stimulated by PHA inhibited fibroblast growth in a dose-dependent fashion.
      This inhibition was mediated by a nondialyzable, noncytotoxic, soluble factor(s)
      that was partially heat labile and sensitive to digestion with trypsin.
      Production of this factor(s) was dependent on T-lymphocytes and occurred within 4
      h of the initiation of lung mononuclear cell-PHA cultures. Because prostaglandins
      can mediate mononuclear cell effects on fibroblast growth, we examined the
      relationship between the inhibition of fibroblast growth caused by PHA-stimulated
      nonadherent lung mononuclear cells and lung fibroblast prostaglandin production.
      The nonadherent lung mononuclear cell supernatants stimulated fibroblast PGE2
      production, and exogenous PGE2 was capable of inhibiting fibroblast growth.
      However, the inhibition of fibroblast growth caused by nonadherent lung
      mononuclear cells stimulated by PHA was not mediated by fibroblast prostaglandin
      production. Inhibition of lung fibroblast growth by stimulated lung mononuclear
      cells may be important in regulating fibrosis in the human lung.

PMID- 6594074
TI  - Decreased suppressor cell activity of alveolar macrophages in bronchial asthma.
AB  - In 8 allergic asthmatic patients and 12 healthy volunteers, we investigated the
      effects of alveolar macrophages (AM) on lymphoproliferative responses to
      polyclonal T-cell mitogens of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells
      (PBMC). The AM were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage. Peripheral blood
      mononuclear cells (PBMC) and mitomycin-treated autologous bronchoalveolar cells
      (BAC) were cocultured at various AM-to-PBMC ratios, and were stimulated or not by
      phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A. Half of AM expressed HLA-DR antigens in
      both the asthmatic and the control group. The BAC from normal subjects were able
      to modify the lymphoproliferative responses of autologous PBMC to cell mitogens.
      A dose-dependent effect was observed related to the number of BAC added to PBMC-
      suppressive at high ratios but enhancing at low ratios. In allergic bronchial
      asthma, there was a decreased suppressor cell activity of BAC. Among BAC the
      adherent cells were responsible for this effect. This abnormality could be a part
      of more general decreased functional activity of AM in allergic bronchial asthma.

PMID- 6594075
TI  - Immunogenetic markers in autoimmune disease.

PMID- 6594076
TI  - Enzymatic sulfation of N-glycosidically linked oligosaccharides by endothelial
      cell membranes.
AB  - Homogenates of human vascular endothelial cells catalyze the transfer of 35SO4
      from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phospho[35S]sulfate into macromolecular endogenous
      acceptors with properties of both glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans. Analysis
      of the 35S-glycoprotein products by both DEAE-cellulose chromatography and sodium
      dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicates that these 35S
      glycoproteins correspond to the major sulfated glycoproteins observed when
      endothelial cell cultures were labeled with 35SO4 [A. Heifetz, C. Watson, A. R.
      Johnson, and M. K. Roberts (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 13581-13586]. The pH
      optimum of the glycoprotein sulfotransferase is 7.0-7.5, which is distinctly
      different than that of endothelial glycosaminoglycan sulfotransferase(s), whose
      pH optimum is 6.0. The 35S-glycoprotein products were characterized as sialated,
      triantenary-branched, N-linked 35SO4-oligosaccharides containing an endo-beta-N
      acetylglucosaminidase D-sensitive site. The site of sulfation was characterized
      as the GlcNAc residue on the reducing end of the N-linked oligosaccharide. Thus,
      these sulfotransferases in a cell-free homogenate appear to preferentially add
      sulfate moieties to a specific class of glycoprotein acceptors at a specific site
      on sialated oligosaccharides.

PMID- 6594078
TI  - [A phase I study of 4'-epi-adriamycin, a new anthracycline anticancer agent].
AB  - A phase I study of 4'-Epi-Adriamycin, a new derivative of Adriamycin, was carried
      out in 36 cases with various malignant tumors, among which 30 cases were
      evaluable. Starting dose was 10 mg/m2 and this was increased up to 80 mg/m2. The
      dose limiting factor was leukopenia. Leukocyte nadir was reached about two weeks
      after administration and about nine days (mean) were needed for recovery. Other
      main side effects were anorexia, nausea vomiting, and alopecia. These side
      effects were mainly observed in cases given doses of over of 60 mg/m2. However,
      there were only a few serious cases suggesting that the clinical toxicities of 4'
      Epi-Adriamycin were milder than those of Adriamycin. From the result of this
      study, it appeared that maximum tolerated dose of the drug is 80 mg/m2, and the
      dose recommended for the phase II study is 60 mg/m2 every three weeks.

PMID- 6594077
TI  - [Evaluation of aclacinomycin-A in head and neck cancer].
AB  - Clinical effects of aclacinomycin-A (ACM) were evaluated in 30 patients with head
      and neck carcinoma. ACM was continuously administered intravenously at a dose of
      20 mg/body for 4 days. After 2 weeks cessation the same courses were repeated.
      The maximum cumulative dose was 400 mg. Overall objective response rate was 53.3%
      for head and neck carcinoma, but, the effective rates were different according to
      histopathological classification of carcinoma. The most responsive tumor was
      adenocarcinoma. With squamous cell carcinoma the response rate was correlated
      with the degree of differentiation. Namely, 88.9% of anaplastic squamous cell
      carcinoma cases responded while the effective rate was only 14.3% for well and
      moderately differentiated types. In the evaluation of side effects,
      myelosuppresive toxicity, one of the dose-limiting factors in ACN trials, was
      slight using in this administration method. Also, any changes in
      electrocardiograms, occurring during ACM administration, were reversible and
      negligible. Manifestations of side effects with systemic ACM administration
      appeared to be less pronounced than those of adriamycin.

PMID- 6594079
TI  - Pachyonychia congenita. Electron microscopic and epidermal glycoprotein
      assessment before and during isotretinoin treatment.
AB  - Two patients, a father and son, with pachyonychia congenita were treated with
      orally administered isotretinoin because the extreme deformity and discomfort
      associated with their massive keratoderma interfered with their work and school,
      respectively. While clinical benefits could not be sustained, electron
      microscopic findings compatible with suppression of abnormal keratinization were
      observed. In addition, skin biopsy samples were analyzed by sodium dodecyl
      sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the gels were then subjected to a
      lectin overlay technique with concanavalin A labeled with iodine 125. The
      distribution of specific glycoproteins was found to be different for lesional as
      against normal epidermis. The procedure was repeated after oral treatment with
      isotretinoin. The labeled glycoprotein pattern of the lesional epidermis was
      clearly distinguishable from both the pretreatment lesional and the normal
      epidermis; it was mostly intermediate between the two. The normal epidermis was
      virtually unaffected by the retinoid treatment.

PMID- 6594080
TI  - Characteristics of spontaneously proliferating mononuclear cells in rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - The phenomenon of increased spontaneous incorporation of 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR)
      into peripheral blood mononuclear cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been
      investigated. The activity was found to be short lived and affected less than 1%
      of cells. Using a Percoll density gradient we identified two populations of
      active cells. RA patients with active synovitis and increased 3H-TdR
      incorporation in the low density population of cells have higher overall 3H-TdR
      incorporation than normal controls and patients with inactive RA. The low density
      cell population is enriched for Ia+ cells. The data are consistent with raised
      spontaneous 3H-TdR incorporation being due to an in-vivo cell mediated immune
      response.

PMID- 6594081
TI  - The influence of tumor microfoci on recurrence and survival following pulmonary
      resection of metastatic osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - Factors that influence recurrence and survival following thoracotomy for
      metastatic osteogenic sarcoma are not well defined. We examined the clinical and
      pathological material from 51 patients who had no metastases at the time of
      operative treatment of osteogenic sarcoma at the University of Michigan from 1962
      to 1982. Ages ranged from 2 to 30 years (mean, 15 years). Metastases developed in
      37 patients (72.5%) at a mean of 8 months after initial operation. Thirteen
      patients were treated with chemotherapy only; 12 of them died after a mean
      survival of 7 months. Twenty-four patients were treated with chemotherapy and 45
      thoracotomies (mean, 1.9 per patient; range, 1 to 5) during which 120 wedge
      resections or lobectomies were performed. Follow-up is available on 22 of these
      24 patients, 11 (50%) of whom are alive (9, tumor free) at a mean of 51 months
      after thoracotomy. Eleven patients died after a mean survival of 27 months (p
      less than or equal to 0.001 compared with the group having chemotherapy only).
      Microfoci of tumor (tumor cells separate from the gross tumor nodule) were found
      in resection specimens in 12 patients at the first thoracotomy; in 11 of these 12
      patients, new metastases subsequently developed resulting in 10 reoperations.
      Twelve patients had no microfoci at the first operation; new metastases developed
      in 5; 3 underwent reoperation. Overall, microfoci were found at 29 operations; in
      patients with this finding, new metastases developed twenty-seven times
      (93%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6594082
TI  - A pertrochanteric fracture in an adolescent treated for an osteogenic sarcoma of
      the shaft of the femur with chemotherapy, tumour resection and endoprosthesis.
AB  - Osteosarcomas of the femur are treated nowadays, if possible, by chemotherapy,
      resection of the tumor and reconstruction with an endoprosthesis. There is not
      only a risk of epiphyseal fractures in the long bones due to chemotherapy but
      also of a fracture in the remnant of the treated femur. These fractures should be
      treated conservatively because of the risk of infection and non-union if treated
      operatively.

PMID- 6594083
TI  - [Appearance of an osteogenic sarcoma in a dog at the site of metal
      osteosynthesis].

PMID- 6594084
TI  - Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome and bipolar disorder.

PMID- 6594085
TI  - Radiologic assessment of bone maturity and cortical thickness in experimental
      osteo-fluorosis in the young pig.
AB  - Radiographs of the left forelimb were obtained after slaughter in 16 14-month-old
      pigs. From age 8-14 months, eight pigs in the experimental group received 2 mg F
      /kg body weight per day. Bone maturity in F-animals was the same as in controls.
      Cortical thickness was increased by 10 per cent in the fluorotic animals (p less
      than 0.01) and their plasma-fluoride levels increased throughout the experimental
      period to approximate those reported for man in endemic fluorosis areas. Thus
      fluoride given in the dose used and over that period, did not affect maturation
      in the long bones but increased cortical bone mass in the diaphyses.

PMID- 6594086
TI  - The adsorption of human salivary components to strains of the bacterium
      Streptococcus mutans.
AB  - Using strains of Streptococcus mutans suspended in human saliva, the salivary
      proteins capable of binding to the surface of the bacteria were identified by
      immunological and electrophoretic techniques. Six binding components were
      recognized: IgA, lysozyme, some high molecular weight material (greater than
      400,000), probably a glycoprotein, a low molecular weight component (11-13,000),
      a 150,000 mol. wt protein, and one major component, mol. wt 20-25,000 which did
      not resolve fully on SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. All these salivary
      components could be desorbed from the bacteria with 1 M NaCl, and subsequent
      extraction of the same cells with 6 M guanidine-HCl did not release any more
      salivary material. The significance of the binding of these salivary components
      is unknown but some may modify the behaviour of the organisms in vivo.

PMID- 6594087
TI  - The effect of undissociated acetic-acid concentration of buffer solutions on
      artificial caries-like lesion formation in human tooth enamel.
AB  - A chemical system for lesion production was used. The influence on lesion
      characteristics of the concentration of undissociated acetic acid in a calcium
      and phosphate-containing buffer solution was investigated. Artificial lesions
      obtained after demineralization in buffers with a pH of 4.0, 4.5, 5.0 or 6.0 at 5
      or 6 different acid concentrations for different demineralization times were
      investigated micro-radiographically. The lesion characteristics studied were: the
      mineral content of the surface layer; the mineral content of the body of the
      lesion; and the depth at which these mineral levels were reached; the depth of
      the lesion. The concentration of undissociated acetic acid had little effect on
      the lesion characteristics at low pH. When lower concentration buffers at pH 6.0
      were used, the effect was more pronounced. At this level, the buffer capacity of
      the acetic acid/acetate buffer is small.

PMID- 6594088
TI  - The mobility of the lathyritic rabbit mandibular incisor in response to axially
      directed extrusive loads.
AB  - Axially-directed extrusive loads of 0.01-0.1 N were applied to the lathyritic
      mandibular incisors of 12 rabbits. Tooth position was monitored continuously with
      a variable capacitance displacement transducer. Compared with pair-fed controls,
      lathyritic teeth showed markedly reduced resistance to extrusive loading,
      indicating that the periodontal collagen has a role in supporting the tooth. The
      pattern of tooth mobility, however, was little affected. The results may have
      implications for the eruptive mechanism. That eruption rates can appear unchanged
      by lathyrogens might not preclude an effect of the drug upon the eruptive force,
      assuming that there is a concomitant decrease in the resistance of the
      periodontal tissues to eruption. The teeth of rabbits in the pair-fed control
      group showed increased resistance to extrusive loading compared with animals fed
      ad libitum, indicating that changes in food and water intake may also influence
      the mechanical properties of the periodontium.

PMID- 6594089
TI  - Occlusal variation in Chinese immigrants to the United Kingdom and their
      offspring.
AB  - Occlusal variations of immigrant Chinese parents, raised in less developed areas,
      were compared with their children who were born and bred in the United Kingdom.
      Of 11 occlusal traits, nine were significantly more variable or less well
      developed in the offspring. Because genetic factors were unchanged, the
      deterioration in occlusion in the offspring indicates environmental influences
      such as dietary consistency, premature deciduous tooth loss from caries and oral
      respiration.

PMID- 6594090
TI  - Orientation of occlusal contacts in the chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes verus,
      deduced from scanning electron microscopic analysis of dental microwear patterns.
AB  - Analysis of dental microwear may be used to detect species differences in diet
      and to secure information about occlusal relationships and biomechanics of the
      jaw. Microscratch-orientation data evaluated with reference to several hypotheses
      about functional, wear-related, sex and age influences on occlusal contacts
      indicated significant effects of facet type on scratch orientation, with less
      marked and sometimes paradoxical effects of molar wear and sex. Age per se seemed
      not to be related to scratch-orientation patterns. Orientations showed a
      considerable breadth of occlusal contact pathways, possibly indicating that in
      the chimpanzee, as in modern man, occlusal guidance is not precise.

PMID- 6594091
TI  - The effects of epinephrine and nicotine on gingival blood flow in the rabbit.
AB  - Using the thermal diffusion principle, the reduced marginal gingival blood flow
      measured indicated that epinephrine and nicotine were both able markedly to
      reduce the marginal gingival circulation.

PMID- 6594092
TI  - Classificatory reliability of the Carabelli trait in man.
AB  - Classificatory reliability of the Carabelli trait was evaluated using randomly
      selected study models and 52 unbiased observers. Benzecri's correspondence
      analysis showed Dahlberg's classification to be the most confidently applied.
      Observers showed less confidence in the application of individual class
      boundaries described by Goose and Lee; the methods of Alvesalo and Shapiro were
      the least confidently applied. Pair-wise Yates' chi-square tests on differences
      in left and right counts for each of the above methods indicated a significantly
      higher degree of antimeric classificatory consistency for the Dahlberg method.

PMID- 6594094
TI  - Long-term (8 days) effects of exposure to low concentrations of fluoride on
      enamel formation in hamster tooth-germs in organ culture in vitro.
AB  - Second maxillary molars of 3-4-day-old hamsters were cultured for 7-8 days in the
      continuous presence of fluoride (F-) or chloride in concentrations between 2.63
      microM and 1.31 mM. For biochemical study, explants were labelled during the last
      24 h of culture with a triple label of [3H]-proline, 45Ca and 32PO4. The 3H
      labelled presumptive amelogenins were separated from the 3H-labelled dentine
      collagens by a three-step extraction procedure. Histologically, chronic exposure
      to F- had no obvious effects below 26.3 microM; at 26.3 microM of F-, a non
      mineralizing enamel matrix was observed besides that of a normal mineralizing
      enamel. From 52 microM of F- onwards, only a non-mineralizing enamel matrix was
      found in decreasing amounts extracellularly as F- concentrations increased.
      Except for the presence of globular dentine, dentinogenesis was not obviously
      affected by F-. Biochemically, total synthesis of presumptive amelogenins was
      hardly disturbed, but their solubility was changed by chronic F- treatment; more
      amelogenins became formic-acid soluble at the expense of water-soluble
      amelogenins. Chronic exposure to F- decreased the water-soluble amelogenin
      fraction according to a logarithmic function of the medium F- concentration. By
      extrapolation, it was calculated that concentrations higher than 1-2 microM of F-
      affect amelogenesis in vitro. Synthesis of dentine collagen was not affected by
      chronic exposure to F- in vitro. Chronic exposure to F- decreased uptake of 45Ca
      and to a less extent trichloroacetic acid-soluble 32PO4. Chronic F- exposure may
      inhibit energy production in the enamel organ resulting in an impairment of
      enamel matrix secretion as well as that of a trans-epithelial transport mechanism
      for calcium.

PMID- 6594093
TI  - A histological study of the short-term effects of fluoride on enamel and dentine
      formation in hamster tooth-germs in organ culture in vitro.
AB  - First maxillary molars in early stages of secretory amelogenesis were exposed in
      vitro to fluoride (F-) concentrations ranging between 2.63 microM and 2.63 mM for
      up to 3 days. In contrast to the dentine papilla, which seemed unaffected by F-
      in concentrations up to 1.31 mM, the enamel organ was dose-dependently extremely
      sensitive for F-. Young ameloblasts which became secretory in vitro were in
      particular sensitive and did not secrete enamel adjacent to new, in vitro-formed
      dentine. Hypermineralization of the dentine at the enamel-dentine junction
      suggested that these ameloblasts still transport and deposit minerals. 52 microM
      was the lowest concentration of F- that inhibited deposition of enamel in the
      cervical-loop region. Ameloblasts, secretory at the time of exposure to F-, in
      concentrations of 52 microM up to 1.31 mM secreted an abnormal, amorphous, von
      Kossa-negative enamel matrix. 1.31 mM of F- was the lowest concentration which
      induced the formation of a hypermineralized band in the pre-exposure enamel. 2.63
      mM of F- was highly toxic for the enamel organ but had only moderate effects on
      the dentine papilla.

PMID- 6594095
TI  - Protein biosynthesis during spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) enameloid
      formation.
AB  - Little is known about protein biosynthesis during enameloid formation. The
      purpose of this study was to characterize protein biosynthesis during selachian
      amelogenesis. Experiments were conducted on intact shark tooth organs, surgically
      removed from the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias. These organs were cultured in
      medium labelled with [35S]-methionine during time periods ranging from 1 to 6 h
      in pulse/chase experiments. The proteins were extracted at the conclusion of the
      experiments for analysis by gel electrophoresis and fluorography. In addition,
      tooth organs were fixed and examined by light microscopic autoradiography.
      Through this outlined experimental strategy, protein biosynthesis during
      amelogenesis was examined. The findings suggest the ameloblasts, at early bell
      stage of tooth development, are biosynthetically more active than the incipient
      odontoblasts; and they are secreting two polypeptides, 55 and 43 kd, into the
      developing tooth extracellular matrix.

PMID- 6594096
TI  - Growth and acid tolerance of human dental plaque bacteria.
AB  - Pure cultures of representative strains of cariogenic and non-cariogenic plaque
      bacteria were assessed for their ability to initiate and maintain growth in
      broths, adjusted to initial pH levels of 7.0, 5.5 or 5.0, and to produce lactic
      acid from sucrose or glucose in resting-cell suspensions at pH 6.5, 5.0, 4.5 and
      4.0. Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei and Streptococcus faecalis showed
      greater acid tolerance than strains of Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus
      salivarius, Streptococcus mitis and Actinomyces viscosus. For all species, growth
      initiation in broth was more acid sensitive than lactic-acid production in
      resting-cell suspensions. These data confirm and extend previous observations
      that the species of plaque bacteria most closely associated with the initiation
      or progression of dental caries are more aciduric than non-cariogenic species.

PMID- 6594097
TI  - Suppression by thyroid hormones of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthetase activity in
      rat sublingual glands.
AB  - Thyroidectomy caused a significant increase in glucosamine-6-phosphate synthetase
      activity. Activity was returned to normal by injection of a physiological
      concentration of triiodothyronine. The results suggest that thyroid hormones
      regulate the activity of this enzyme in sublingual glands.

PMID- 6594098
TI  - Mechanical properties of glycerinated guinea-pig temporal and masseter muscles.
AB  - At a muscle length, L0 (just taut), isometric tension and tension transients in
      response to rapid step stretches in length (less than 1 per cent of L0 within 2
      ms) were measured at constant levels of Ca2+ activation of various magnitudes in
      glycerinated temporal and masseter muscles (1.7-2.5 mm long, 48-96 micron in
      diameter) from guinea pigs. The experiments were at 20 and 30 degrees C, and pH
      6.8. Steady isometric tension increased in a sigmoid fashion as Ca2+ varied from
      about pCa 6.6 to 4.4 in both muscles. However, the maximum tension of temporal
      muscle was about 4.4 times greater than that of masseter muscle at 20 degrees C.
      The tension transients showed an immediate tension increase coincident with the
      stretch (the first phase) and an exponential-like tension decrease (the second
      phase). The time constant of the second phase was about 87.5 ms in temporalis and
      3.7 ms in masseter at 30 degrees C. Decreasing temperature from 30 to 20 degrees
      C markedly increased the time constant of the tension response in the second
      phase (Q10 of about 3.4 in temporalis and 2.2 in masseter). Although there was a
      difference in the sarcomere length between the two muscles at L0 (2.14 micron in
      temporalis and 1.84 micron in masseter), the mechanical characteristics were
      almost independent of the muscle length. Thus the cross-bridges in temporalis
      appear to cycle more slowly and produce more isometric tension than those in
      masseter muscle.

PMID- 6594099
TI  - The effects of chronic high fluoride levels on forming enamel in the rat.
AB  - Sixty-gramme rats were given either 0, 75, 100 or 150 parts/10(6) fluoride in
      their drinking water. After five weeks, the fluoride, the phosphorus and the
      protein contents of the enamel were compared in control and experimental animals
      at three stages of enamel development. The mineral content was reduced in
      pigmented enamel from animals given 75 parts/10(6) or more fluoride in their
      drinking water. The fluoride content was elevated in all stages of fluorosed
      enamel development. At the lowest fluoride level (75 parts/10(6], a larger
      proline content was found in the proteins of the maturing, fluorosed enamel but
      there was no increase in the protein content. In animals given 100 parts/10(6)
      fluoride in their drinking water, the proline content of the protein was greater
      in maturing, fluorosed enamel, and the total protein content of the post
      secretory enamel (maturing and pigmented) was greater than in the controls. These
      observations indicate that, with increasing levels of fluoride in drinking water,
      there was an initial delay in the loss of the amelogenin proteins followed by a
      decreased removal of total protein from the enamel. These results indicate that
      fluoride interfered with the normal post-secretory, pre-eruptive development of
      enamel.

PMID- 6594100
TI  - Ultrastructural study of the effects of fixation and fluoride injection on
      stippled material during amelogenesis in the rat.
AB  - Perfusion with a variety of commonly-used fixatives was used. Quality of cell
      preservation and occurrence of stippled material between the mineralization front
      and the secretory ameloblasts were compared in normal animals and in ones
      injected with fluoride. There was no relationship between the formation of
      stippled material and the ultrastructural preservation of the cells. However,
      some types of fixatives were more likely than others to reveal the presence of
      stippled material in normal specimens. Most animals receiving fluoride showed
      substantial accumulations of stippled material, irrespective of the fixative
      used.

PMID- 6594101
TI  - An autoradiographic study of the in-vivo incorporation of [3H]-palmitic acid into
      the dentine and enamel lipids of rat incisors, with a comparison of rapid
      freezing freeze-substitution fixation and aldehyde fixation.
AB  - Four and twenty-four hours after injection of the labelled precursor, there were
      twice as many silver grains scored with the cryotechniques as with conventional
      fixation. Absence of labelled-band formation in dentine, the diffusion of silver
      throughout the entire thickness of dentine as well as the layer of forming
      enamel. This suggests that lipids are membrane-associated components rather than
      true matrix-associated components.

PMID- 6594102
TI  - Variations in growth of the enamel crown in human teeth and a possible
      relationship between growth and enamel structure.
AB  - A method for estimating, from measurements made in ground sections of mature
      teeth, the rate at which enamel formation extends over the crown during tooth
      development is described and used to examine enamel formation in the human
      dentition. The enamel extension rate varied with distance from the cusp along the
      enamel-dentine junction in permanent teeth, falling from a high level near the
      cusp to a constant minimum value. The early rate was higher, and the distance
      over which the rate fell to the minimum greater, on tall cusps. In deciduous
      teeth, limited data suggested that the rate may be fairly constant over the crown
      surface. The mean extension rate was about five times greater in deciduous than
      in permanent teeth. A function describing a stretching effect on newly
      differentiated ameloblasts, arising from the geometry of the advancing margin of
      forming enamel, and dependent in part on the extension rate, was derived. This
      effect might influence ameloblast secretory area and hence prism size. The
      stretching effect was significantly smaller in deciduous than in permanent teeth.
      In conformity with this, prism domain area, a quantity measured in mature enamel
      and based on the geometrical relationship between ameloblasts and prisms, was
      significantly smaller in deciduous than in permanent enamel.

PMID- 6594103
TI  - Flexibility in motor-unit firing pattern in the human temporal and masseter
      muscles related to type of activation and location.
AB  - Morphological studies have shown that each human jaw muscle and its sub-portions
      have a characteristic fibre-type pattern, suggesting special functional tasks.
      The firing pattern of 68 low-threshold motor units in different portions of the
      temporal and masseter muscles in 5 healthy subjects were determined by single
      fibre EMG during voluntary isometric muscle contraction. The findings showed that
      each unit may have different activity patterns for different types of activation,
      which is not so for limb muscles. Thus, a given motor unit discharged with a
      different regularity in firing rate during retraction of the mandible than during
      clenching of the jaws in the intercuspal position, probably related to a changed
      central and peripheral influence on the motoneurone pool. No activity of single
      units was detected in the mandibular rest position. The results underline the
      complexity of the human stomatognathic system and the importance of combined
      morphological and physiological studies.

PMID- 6594104
TI  - A simple method for extracting human lymphocyte stimulants from human dental
      plaque bacteria of the genus Actinomyces.
AB  - The effect of acid concentration on the hot-acid extraction of antigens from
      Actinomyces viscosus that stimulate human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro
      was tested. The optimum pH for release of these antigens in a soluble low
      molecular-weight form was pH 2.3. Preliminary purification on Sepharose 4B
      demonstrated that most of the lympho-stimulatory material (about 90 per cent) had
      a mol. wt of about 100,000. This partially-purified antigenic material was mainly
      protein. The pH 2.3 hot-acid extraction was also suitable for extracting antigens
      that stimulate cellular immune responses from three strains of Actinomyces
      naeslundii and 1 strain of Actinomyces israelii, but did not release lympho
      stimulatory material from Streptococcus sanguis which is a poor human peripheral
      blood lymphocyte-stimulant and was used to demonstrate that the hot-acid
      extraction is not simply extracting a mitogenic macromolecule common to all
      bacteria. As good yields of soluble, biologically-active antigens were obtained
      from all of the Actinomyces, the procedure described will facilitate the
      purification and characterization of these antigens.

PMID- 6594105
TI  - Determination of the partition coefficient of 133xenon between oral tissues and
      blood in the dog.
AB  - Ostwald solubility coefficients for 133Xe in plasma (Sp), red blood cells (Sc),
      and selected oral tissue homogenates (St) obtained from the dog were determined
      at 4, 20, 27 and 37 degrees C by counting the 133Xe activity of the air phase and
      the sample (liquid, red cells or tissue) in the same tube following
      equilibration. The partition coefficient for xenon (lambda, in ml/g) between red
      cells and plasma (lambda cp) and that between tissues and plasma (lambda tp) were
      calculated from the measured Sp, Sc and St. The tissue-blood partition
      coefficients (lambda tb) of oral tissues for 133Xe were then calculated using
      lambda cp, lambda tp and the haematocrit value. The calculated values of lambda
      tb at 37 degrees C and 50 per cent haematocrit were 0.650 for the pulp, 0.674 for
      the tongue, 0.828 for the submandibular gland and 0.881 for the gingiva of the
      dog. lambda cp increased and lambda tp decreased as the temperature was reduced
      from 37 to 4 degrees C.

PMID- 6594106
TI  - Effects of fibrinogen in vivo on dentine permeability in the dog.
AB  - Dentine permeability measurements were made each hour for 6 h in tooth cavities
      prepared in control dogs or dogs which had been pretreated with a purified
      fraction of snake venom to deplete their plasma of fibrinogen. The control dogs
      exhibited a progressive fall in dentine permeability (approximately 50 per cent
      reduction in 6 h); the permeability in the fibrinogen-depleted dogs only fell 15
      per cent in 6 h. The results implicate plasma proteins, particularly high
      molecular-weight proteins such as fibrinogen, as agents which reduce dentine
      permeability in vivo.

PMID- 6594107
TI  - Effect of extracellular K+ on saliva secretion by isolated, perfused rat
      submandibular glands.
AB  - Changes in perfusate K+ concentration altered the secretory response of the
      glands to 10(-6) M acetylcholine. Lack of extracellular K+ caused a transient
      fluid secretory response lasting less than 10 min, and a 91 per cent reduction in
      the overall volume of saliva secreted in 60 min; it inhibited the response to
      acetylcholine even when the perfusate was changed to K+-containing solutions
      after 30 min. Absence of K+ in the perfusate resulted in increased Na+ and
      decreased K+ and Cl- concentrations in saliva. An increase in the perfusate K+
      concentration to 50 mM/l caused a reduced but more sustained secretory response,
      although the volume of saliva secreted in 60 min was still reduced by 76 per cent
      compared to that obtained when the perfusate contained 4.6 m-equiv./l K+.
      Acetylcholine release induced by the high K seemed mostly responsible as the
      response was inhibited by atropine. However, in the presence of excess of
      exogenous acetylcholine, perfusion with high K+ medium resulted in reduced Na+
      and elevated K+ and Cl- concentrations in saliva. It seems that a physiological
      (4-5 m-equiv./l) extracellular K+ concentration is required for acinar fluid
      secretion and for transductal electrolyte transport in the rat glands; lack of
      external K+ hyperpolarizes salivary cells and, although allowing an initial
      increase in Na+ conductance capable of causing secretion, prevents the further
      influx of this ion required to sustain saliva secretion. It also inhibits K+
      secretion and Na+ re-absorption in salivary ducts, probably by inhibiting the
      Na+, K+ pump in duct cells; high external K+ depolarizes acinar cells and may
      reduce Na+ conductance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6594108
TI  - Free amino-acid composition of wax-stimulated whole saliva in human subjects with
      healthy periodontium, severe chronic periodontitis and post-juvenile
      periodontitis.
AB  - The free amino-acid composition of wax-stimulated whole saliva of 3 subjects with
      different periodontal status was determined. The amino acids were analysed by gas
      chromatographic separation on a packed column and determined as their N
      heptafluorobutyrylisobutyl esters. In 2 patients with periodontal diseases, the
      salivary concentrations of proline and glycine were significantly elevated,
      suggesting increased collagen and protein degradation and their increased release
      from the inflamed gingiva. delta-Amino-n-valeric acid is related to bacterial
      metabolism so that the changes found in its concentrations could suggest an
      altered plaque metabolism and different bacterial contents in gingival pockets of
      patients with chronic and post-juvenile periodontitis.

PMID- 6594109
TI  - The diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism.

PMID- 6594110
TI  - Time to treat cholesterol seriously.

PMID- 6594112
TI  - Peer review of utilisation of medical beds at Flinders Medical Centre.
AB  - A clinical audit of all medical inpatients was undertaken and the appropriateness
      of admissions and of length of stay was assessed from a clinical viewpoint on 4
      separate days within an 11 day period. In addition, the mode of entry of
      hospital, length of stay of patients, occupancy rate, and the vacancy interval
      were analysed for all medical patients during the preceding three months. The
      mean length of stay of medical patients in hospital during this 3 months period
      was 5.6 days, with an occupancy rate of 93% and a vacancy interval of 0.43 days.
      Seventy-four percent of all medical inpatients were admitted through the Accident
      and Emergency Department (A&E). The short length of stay, high occupancy rate and
      low vacancy interval indicated that bed usage in the medical wards was efficient.
      A total of 493 reviews was carried out on 294 individual patients. In 87% of
      cases, both admission to hospital and length of stay were appropriate on clinical
      grounds alone. The number of patients whose admission to hospital (11), or length
      of stay (27) was not justified on medical grounds alone was 38 (13% of total
      patients). These patients were elderly, or had complex social and psychological
      problems contributing to their illness. It was concluded that stricter control of
      admissions or length of stay was unlikely to make a significant numbers of beds
      available for other admissions.

PMID- 6594111
TI  - The interactions of body weight, age, cigarette smoking and hormone usage with
      blood pressure and plasma lipids in an Australian community.
AB  - The predicted variation of blood pressure and plasma lipid levels, based on
      association with body weight, age, cigarette smoking and oral contraceptive
      usage, was examined in 47 000 self-referred subjects who attended a community
      programme for coronary risk factor screening. In both sexes, blood pressure and
      plasma lipid (cholesterol and triglyceride) levels were positively correlated
      with age and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2). Plasma triglyceride concentrations
      were positively correlated with cigarette smoking. Partial correlation analysis
      showed age and BMI to be independently correlated with blood pressure and plasma
      lipids. Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels were correlated with each
      other independently of the effects of age and BMI. Multiple regression analysis
      showed age to be a more powerful predictor of blood pressure and plasma lipid
      levels in females than in males, while BMI was a more powerful predictor of blood
      pressure and plasma lipid levels in males than in females. Current cigarette
      smoking did not contribute to the prediction of blood pressure or plasma
      cholesterol level in either sex, but did predict a 10% higher plasma triglyceride
      level in both sexes. Oral contraceptive usage did not contribute to the
      prediction of plasma cholesterol level in multiple regression analysis, but did
      predict higher plasma triglyceride and blood pressure levels. In view of the high
      prevalence of overweight people in the Australian community, weight reduction
      would probably be associated with a significant fall in the risk of coronary
      heart disease, particularly in males.

PMID- 6594113
TI  - Ventilatory control in two asthmatics resuscitated from respiratory arrest.
AB  - Two female patients revived from fulminant attacks of asthma are described.
      Ventilatory responses to asphyxia in these patients were 0.70 +/- 0.10 l min-1 %
      SaO2-1 and 0.64 +/- 0.21 l min-1 % SaO2-1 (mean +/- SEM), respectively. These
      values were significantly less than the responses of seven normal female subjects
      (1.54 +/- 0.11 l min-1 % SaO2-1 mean +/- SEM; p less than 0.01). Ventilatory
      responses to hypercapnia of the two patients were in the low normal range.
      Dopamine-receptor blockade with prochlorperazine significantly increased the
      ventilatory response to asphyxia in normal subjects (p less than 0.05 or less for
      each subject) but did not alter the depressed responses in the asthmatic
      patients. In one patient, naloxone in a dose of 400 micrograms reversed the
      decreased ventilatory responsiveness; the response to asphyxia was increased from
      0.72 l min-1 % SaO-1 to 1.80 l min-1 % SaO2-1 (p less than 0.01) and the response
      to hypercapnia was increased from 0.90 l min-1 mmHg-1 to 4.80 l min-1 mmHg-1 (p
      less than 0.01). Naloxone had no effect in the second asthmatic patient nor in
      five normal subjects. Defective chemoreceptor responses to chemical stimuli may
      play a role in sudden death from asthma; endogenous opioids may mediate this
      disorder of ventilatory control.

PMID- 6594114
TI  - Severe thoracic systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - The effects of corticosteroid administration to eight patients with severe
      thoracic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were assessed in a prospective study
      over a mean period of 26 months by serial measurements of respiratory function,
      ESR, and a clinical score. Initial assessment of respiratory function showed
      severe restrictive ventilatory defects and impairment of carbon monoxide uptake
      not wholly attributable to the small lung volumes. ESR and clinical score showed
      high correlation coefficients with FEV1 in all patients, with VC and TLC in seven
      patients, and with TLCO in four patients, indicating that changes of respiratory
      function were reflecting the activity of the disease. This study shows that in
      patients with severe thoracic SLE it is valid to use serial measurements of
      respiratory function to assess the response to treatment and that pronounced and
      sustained improvement of respiratory function can be expected.

PMID- 6594115
TI  - Hypofibrinogenemia due to increased fibrinolysis in two patients with acute
      promyelocytic leukemia.
AB  - Two patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia and severe bleeding associated
      with hypofibrinogenemia were studied. The markedly shortened whole blood clot
      lysis time and dilute clot lysis time suggested that the defect was an increase
      in fibrinolysis. Although disseminated intravascular coagulation could not be
      totally excluded as an alternative mechanism, excessive fibrinolysis was
      confirmed as the pathogenic cause by the prompt response to the administration of
      tranexamic acid. The low circulating plasminogen, alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor level
      and the presence of alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor-protease complex in both patients
      suggested that the increased fibrinolysis probably resulted from the liberation
      of plasminogen activator from the promyelocyte.

PMID- 6594116
TI  - Hypoglycemic episodes during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion: decreased
      frequency but increased susceptibility.
AB  - There has been concern regarding the susceptibility of patients on continuous
      subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) to hypoglycemic episodes. This study has
      examined glycemic control, the frequency of hypoglycemic reactions and the
      counterregulatory response to an IV insulin infusion fo 2.4 units per hour in
      five brittle insulin-dependent diabetics before and during CSII. CSII was
      associated a significant reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin, standard deviation
      of blood glucose estimations and daily insulin dosage. The frequency of
      symptomatic hypoglycemic reactions was reduced (mean 14/4 weeks pre CSII, 5/4
      weeks post CSII, p less than 0.05). However, after CSII the IV insulin caused a
      more rapid fall in blood glucose from the physiological to the hypoglycemic range
      while growth hormone and cortisol responses were both reduced (p less than 0.05)
      and the deficient glucagon response was not improved. Thus, although the
      frequency of reported hypoglycemic reactions was reduced by CSII, susceptibility
      to hypoglycemia due to excess insulin delivery was enhanced, owing to increased
      insulin sensitivity and/or additional impairment of the counterregulatory
      response.

PMID- 6594117
TI  - Radiologically-guided percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsies of abdominal
      and osseous lesions.
AB  - The inductions, technique, complications and results of radiologically-guided
      percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of abdominal and osseous sites
      performed over a four and a half year period at an Australian tertiary referral
      hospital are presented. FNAB provided a positive tissue diagnosis for malignancy
      in 79% of osseous and 78% of abdominal lesions with no false positive diagnoses
      in either series. Particular problems encountered and the methods employed to
      overcome them are discussed.

PMID- 6594118
TI  - Alternating skew deviation associated with Mandrax overdosage.
AB  - Alternating skew deviation has been described in patients with pretectum and
      mesodiencephalon lesions. Total external ophthalmoplegia has been reported in
      patients consequent to oral or intravenous administration of diphenylhydantoin
      and amitriptyline. This case report presents a patient with alternating skew
      deviation as a result of Mandrax ingestion.

PMID- 6594119
TI  - Congenital aneurysm of the left atrium: diagnosis and management.
AB  - A case of congenital aneurysm of the left atrial appendage is presented and
      previously reported cases are reviewed. The diagnosis can be strongly suspected
      with the combination of an unusually prominent left heart border in the chest X
      ray and two-dimensional echocardiographic findings of a large echo-free space
      close to the left atrium. The site of communication must be defined accurately
      and cardiac catheterisation and angiocardiography should be performed. Once the
      diagnosis is confirmed, surgery is indicated even in the asymptomatic patient
      because of the risk of systemic embolism.

PMID- 6594120
TI  - Subacute pulmonary hypertension due to carcinomatous microembolism.
AB  - A 43 year old female was admitted to hospital with severe pulmonary hypertension
      and cardiogenic shock. She had a two week history of dyspnea only. Resuscitative
      measures proved unsuccessful and she died ten hours after admission. Post mortem
      examination indicated that the pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular
      failure were due to endarteritis secondary to widespread carcinomatous
      microembolism from adenocarcinoma of the lung.

PMID- 6594121
TI  - Giant cell arteritis diagnosed following arm claudication.
AB  - A patient is described whose initial symptoms, though suggestive of polymyalgia
      rheumatica, were attributed to psoriatic arthritis, and whose subsequent
      development of claudication of the left arm led to the biopsy proven diagnosis of
      giant cell arteritis. Attention is drawn to widespread arterial involvement by
      giant cell arteritis which, though uncommon, must be considered in all patients
      with ischemic limb pain. In addition, the consequences of overlooking polymyalgia
      rheumatica as an early manifestation of giant cell arteritis are outlined.

PMID- 6594122
TI  - Distribution of NH&MRC project grants for 1982: an analysis.

PMID- 6594123
TI  - Medical research in the next decade: a commentary.

PMID- 6594124
TI  - Parents who physically abuse their children.
AB  - Increased knowledge of child abuse has mad what was once an infrequently
      diagnosed condition become recognised as a major pediatric and social problem.
      While there is no typical profile of an abusive parent, characteristics that have
      been found more frequently include a history of having been deprived and possible
      abused in the parent's own childhood, low self-esteem in the mother and increased
      ill-health in the immediate family members. Personality testing shows that the
      parents relate poorly to their children and to other people and that they have
      immature and impetuous personalities. Predictive studies show that abuse is
      commoner in families where the above characteristics are found, where family
      supports are minimal and where there are complications in the pregnancy, birth
      and in the neonatal period. However it should be recognised that the majority of
      families with these characteristics do not abuse their children. There is
      evidence that supportive measures provided to families who have known risk
      factors for abuse can reduce the incidence of this problem.

PMID- 6594125
TI  - Sodium and fluid retention in hepatic cirrhosis: a role for circulating hormones?

PMID- 6594126
TI  - Anorexia and progressive weight loss in long-term feeding experiments with sheep.

PMID- 6594127
TI  - The dilemma of mild hyperprolactinaemia.
AB  - Ninety-eight women with mild hyperprolactinaemia (less than 4N) were followed for
      a mean duration of 5.5 years. Where pregnancy was desired treatment with
      bromocriptine (+/- clomiphene) was effective in 87%. Following cessation of
      bromocriptine therapy almost one-third had a 'spontaneous' resolution of
      hyperprolactinaemia and resumed cyclical menstrual activity and fertility.
      Pituitary tumours were identified on coned-view assessment in 9% of patients at
      the time of presentation and a further 10% during follow-up. Although some of
      these latter tumours may have been diagnosed earlier had CAT scans been performed
      routinely in all hyperprolactinaemic patients, such a policy would be hard to
      justify for those with mild hyperprolactinaemia as the tumours were small,
      produced no harmful effects, and would almost certainly have responded to
      bromocriptine should this have been administered. All patients found to have
      pituitary tumours and given bromocriptine, showed no evidence of tumour
      progression subsequently, even where pregnancy occurred and the bromocriptine
      therapy was ceased. In addition, patients without pituitary tumours who were
      given bromocriptine to achieve pregnancy, were less likely to develop tumours
      during follow-up even when pregnancy had occurred. Bromocriptine therapy can thus
      be justified in mildly hyperprolactinaemic patients to reduce troublesome
      galactorrhoea, achieve pregnancy, improve the chance of 'spontaneous' resolution
      of the menstrual problem and infertility, control or reduce tumour growth where a
      pituitary tumour has been identified, and reduce the risk of tumour development
      in patients with normal radiographs at the time of presentation.

PMID- 6594129
TI  - The clinical importance of vaginal discharge in childhood.
AB  - The characteristics of vaginal discharge in childhood are outlined and the causes
      tabulated. Necessary instruments and techniques for examination of children are
      described together with suitable formats for treatment.

PMID- 6594128
TI  - Unexplained infertility and the possibilities of management with in vitro
      fertilization and embryo transfer.
AB  - The aetiology of idiopathic infertility largely appears to lie within the female
      genital tract. The causes may be related to psychological, hormonal or biological
      factors that could influence sexual behaviour or function of the cervix, uterus,
      tubes or ovaries. Carefully controlled prospective studies are needed to evaluate
      diagnoses and therapy. Management of cases of long-standing idiopathic
      infertility in an IVF programme is indicated if the pregnancy rates of the
      programme are greater than 10%, as it will aid in both diagnosing the underlying
      cause as well as offering a significantly higher chance of pregnancy than either
      expectancy or other treatments.

PMID- 6594130
TI  - Sexual abuse of children.

PMID- 6594131
TI  - Is endocrine status relevant to treatment planning in patients with
      gynaecological cancer?
AB  - The presence or absence of steroid receptors in breast carcinomas has an
      important influence on prognosis and response to hormonal therapy. Data on the
      receptor content of endometrial carcinomas and sarcomas and of ovarian tumours
      are fast accruing but the clinical relevance of the receptor content of these
      gynaecological tumours remains to be fully assessed. Overall, 76% of endometrial
      carcinomas are oestrogen receptor (ER) positive and 74% progesterone receptor
      (PR) positive. Poorly-differentiated tumours are less likely to be receptor
      positive as are deeply invasive tumours. The presence of ER and PR have been
      shown to be a good guide to eventual hormonal therapy, but this is not absolute;
      actual receptor levels seem to be important. Information on receptors in uterine
      sarcomas is too scanty at present to be evaluated. Approximately 64% of
      epithelial ovarian tumours contain ER, 42% PR and 46% androgen receptor (AR); the
      presence of such receptors may point to a better prognosis, but correlations
      between receptor status and response to hormonal agents such as progestogens and
      tamoxifen have not been studied.

PMID- 6594132
TI  - Chronic hypertension in pregnancy.
AB  - Chronic hypertension in pregnancy is associated with significant potential risks
      to both mother and baby. The risks can be reduced to, or even below those of the
      general population by appropriate and adequate therapy. This requires close
      supervision and maintenance of excellent blood pressure control and should
      involve in therapeutic decisions, not only the obstetrician, but also the
      physician and neonatologist. In our own experience this is best achieved by a
      specialised unit approach to the problem.

PMID- 6594133
TI  - Antenatal cardiotocography in the evaluation of fetal well-being.
AB  - Antenatal fetal heart rate monitoring is a reliable tool to detect the fetus at
      risk. In the interpretation of records, however, due account must be taken of
      maturation and fetal behavioural status. In this article the normal heart rate
      pattern throughout gestation is described. Visual quantitative and descriptive
      scoring systems are compared and the consequences of interobserver variability in
      assessing antenatal heart rate records are discussed. It is postulated that there
      is only a small--if any--place for oxytocin stress testing. Finally the clinical
      implications of the different fetal heart rate patterns are presented.

PMID- 6594134
TI  - Prenatal diagnosis by fetoscopy and chorion biopsy.

PMID- 6594135
TI  - Urodynamics. Is it useful for the gynaecologist?
AB  - The investigation of female incontinence is incomplete without the performance of
      a urodynamic evaluation. A diagnosis made only on a clinical history and
      examination is too inaccurate to allow for the proper management of the patient.
      In a personal series of 100 patients only 56% of those who were ultimately
      considered to have stress urinary incontinence were correctly diagnosed by
      clinical means as opposed to 97% correct using urodynamics. A urodynamic
      evaluation should be performed on most female patients suffering from urinary
      incontinence and is essential for patients who are being considered for surgery
      for recurrent stress incontinence. Mention is made of a group of 8 patients whose
      incontinence was due to a very low urethral closure pressure who responded well
      to phenylpropanolamine.

PMID- 6594136
TI  - Analysis of the mechanism of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase by steady-state
      kinetics. Evidence for a ternary-complex mechanism.
AB  - The mechanism of the enzymic reaction responsible for chloramphenicol resistance
      in bacteria was examined by steady-state kinetic methods. The forward reaction
      catalysed by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase leads to inactivation of the
      antibiotic. Use of alternative acyl donors and acceptors, as well as the natural
      substrates, has yielded data that favour the view that the reaction proceeds to
      the formation of a ternary complex by a rapid-equilibrium mechanism wherein the
      addition of substrates may be random but a preference for acetyl-CoA as the
      leading substrate can be detected. Chloramphenicol and acetyl-CoA bind
      independently, but the correlation between directly determined and kinetically
      derived dissociation constants is imperfect because of an unreliable slope term
      in the rate equation. The reverse reaction, yielding acetyl-CoA and
      chloramphenicol, was studied in a coupled assay involving citrate synthase and
      malate dehydrogenase, and is best described by a rapid-equilibrium mechanism with
      random addition of substrates. The directly determined dissociation constant for
      CoA is in agreement with that derived from kinetic measurements under the
      assumption of an independent-sites model.

PMID- 6594137
TI  - PGE1 not PGF2 alpha reverses the anti-actin antibody stimulation of protein
      phosphorylation and DNA synthesis in L cells.
AB  - The effects of prostaglandins E1 and F2 alpha upon the anti-actin antibody
      induced stimulation of DNA synthesis and protein phosphorylation were studied in
      L cells. This system was previously shown by us to exhibit a rapid turnover of
      arachidonic acid in phospholipids which was inhibited by non-toxic concentrations
      of indomethacin, suggesting participation of cyclooxygenase-derived
      prostaglandins (Lipids 19:239, 1984). Prostaglandin E1 in a dose dependent manner
      selectively inhibited both protein phosphorylation and DNA synthesis in anti
      actin antibody-stimulated cells. Prostaglandin F2 alpha was without effect.
      Indomethacin also produced a dose related inhibition of the antibody stimulation
      of protein phosphorylation and DNA synthesis. We conclude that prostaglandins,
      possibly derived from liberated arachidonic acid, play an important regulatory
      role in the stimulatory signal conveyed to L cells by perturbing antibody
      ligands.

PMID- 6594138
TI  - Enzymatic sulfation of steroids--XX. Effects of ten drugs on the hepatic
      glucocorticoid sulfotransferase activity of rats in vitro and in vivo.
AB  - The effects of ten drugs on hepatic glucocorticoid sulfotransferase activity
      (HGSTA) were examined in male rats. The enzyme activity per 100 g body weight was
      elevated 152, 94.9, 140, 140, 73.1, 63.9, 76.9, and 140% after administration of
      daily i.p. doses of 111 mg spironolactone/kg (6-10 days), 66.7 mg WIN-24540/kg (6
      10 days), 150 mg metyrapone/kg (19-31 days), 33.3 mg pentachlorophenol/kg (9-16
      days), 16.5 mg aspirin/kg (10-16 days), 90.5 mg alloxan/kg (23.27 days), 104 mg
      aminoglutethimide/kg (12-20 days), and 16.8 mg propranolol/kg (21-27 days).
      Shorter experimental periods or lower drug doses caused smaller effects on HGSTA.
      Most notably, spironolactone (111 mg/kg) and WIN-24540 (66.7 mg/kg) caused 50-75%
      elevation of HGSTA in 2 days. Effects of WIN-24540, aspirin and pentachlorophenol
      were due mostly to elevation of hepatic levels of sulfotransferase III (STIII),
      the glucocorticoid-preferring sulfotransferase of rat liver. Effects of the other
      test drugs were due to elevation of hepatic levels of sulfotransferases I and II
      (STI and STII), which much prefer dehydroepiandrosterone as substrate, but also
      catalyze glucocorticoid sulfation. Enzyme inhibition studies showed that the test
      drugs interacted with the HGSTA in vitro in a fashion that appeared to be related
      to the in vivo effects already described. None of the drugs interacted
      exclusively with STI, STII or STIII in vitro. However, some differences of the
      strengths of individual drug-sulfotransferase interactions were observed. The
      drug effects are discussed in relation to drug and glucocorticoid actions.

PMID- 6594139
TI  - DR, C4, and Bf allotypes in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - HLA-DR, C4, and Bf typing was performed in 99 patients with juvenile rheumatoid
      arthritis (JRA). DR1 was found with higher frequency in patients with
      polyarticular JRA than in controls (P less than 0.05). DR3 was more common in
      patients with fever and/or rash than in those without these manifestations (P
      less than 0.05). A significant negative association between JRA and C4A6 (P less
      than 0.05), C4BQ0 (P less than 0.0005), and BfF1 (P less than 0.05) was found. It
      is possible that a disequilibrium between DR and C4/Bf genes plays a role in the
      pathogenesis of JRA.

PMID- 6594140
TI  - Effects of a gastric antisecretory-cytoprotectant 2-methyl-8
      (phenylmethoxy)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-acetonitrile (Sch 28 080) on cysteamine,
      reserpine and stress ulcers in rats.
AB  - Prostaglandin E2 and carbenoxolone, putative cytoprotective agents, were tested
      in cysteamine, reserpine and stress ulcers in rats. In cysteamine-induced
      duodenal ulcer, PGE2 was inactive at 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg p.o.; carbenoxolone at 100
      mg/kg p.o. decreased the incidence but not the severity of the ulcer. PGE2 at 5.0
      mg/kg p.o. and carbenoxolone at 300 mg/kg p.o. showed moderate effects, but the
      dosage also inhibited cysteamine-stimulated acid secretion. PGE2 (0.1 and 0.3
      mg/kg p.o.) was inactive and carbenoxolone (100 and 300 mg/kg p.o.) further
      aggravated the gastric ulceration caused by reserpine or cold-restraint stress.
      In contrast, atropine (3 and 10 mg/kg p.o.) and cimetidine (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg
      p.o.) were active in all three ulcer models. But the results with cimetidine in
      stress ulcer were somewhat variable. 2-methyl-8-(phenylmethoxy) imidazo [1,2-a]
      pyridine-3-acetonitrile (Sch 28 080), a novel structure with both cytoprotective
      and antisecretory activity, was highly efficacious in cysteamine, reserpine and
      stress ulcers (1-30 mg/kg p.o.), which was presumably adequately accounted for by
      its potent antisecretory activity. It is concluded that cysteamine, reserpine and
      stress ulcers may not be appropriate models for testing the potential antiulcer
      effect of primarily cytoprotective compounds.

PMID- 6594141
TI  - [The lung and industry].

PMID- 6594142
TI  - [Pathology review. Adenomatous polyp of the large intestine].

PMID- 6594143
TI  - Rectal prolapse: a retrospective review at University District Hospital.

PMID- 6594144
TI  - [Occupational diseases of the lung].

PMID- 6594145
TI  - Pica during pregnancy.

PMID- 6594146
TI  - C.T. diagnosis. Moyamoya syndrome.

PMID- 6594147
TI  - Typing of HLA antigens in a child population with nephrosis syndrome.
AB  - Using the microlymphocytotoxicity test of Terasaki, HLA--A, B, Cw antigen typing
      was done for 37 antigens in 28 children with steroid-sensitive nephrosis and five
      children with steroid-resistant nephrosis. Evaluation was made by the chi 2 test
      as corrected by the method of Yeates. In steroid-sensitive nephrosis the
      frequency of HLA--B 8 antigen was 33.3% and in the resistant cases 40% as against
      18.5% in the controls. The difference, however, was not significant, the B 12 and
      B 13 antigens were more frequent in both steroid-sensitive and resistant
      nephrosis, though not significantly.

PMID- 6594148
TI  - Serum lipid and lipoprotein-cholesterol values in cord blood and on the sixth
      postnatal day in newborns of varying maturity.
AB  - Triglyceride, total cholesterol, phospholipid, HDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol
      and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were studied in 22 eutrophic, 16 true
      premature and 22 small-for-gestational age neonates in cord blood and on the 6th
      postnatal day. According to the findings the lipid-lipoprotein metabolism was
      influenced primarily by gestational age. Parallel with increasing gestational
      age, phospholipid and triglyceride concentrations rose whereas cholesterol values
      decreased. Postnatal changes of lipid-lipoprotein metabolism developed more
      slowly in premature than in mature newborns. The effects of intrauterine
      malnutrition manifested themselves mainly in differences of the triglyceride and
      phospholipid levels.

PMID- 6594149
TI  - Frequency of attendance in the General Dental Service in Scotland. A comparison
      with claimed attendance.

PMID- 6594150
TI  - A forensic investigation of teeth marks in soap.

PMID- 6594151
TI  - An unexpected cause of halitosis.

PMID- 6594152
TI  - General Dental Service trends in Kent, 1978-1982.

PMID- 6594153
TI  - A course in team building.

PMID- 6594154
TI  - The sensitivity to hyperthermia of human granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cells
      (CFU-GM) derived from blood or marrow of normal subjects and patients with
      chronic granulocytic leukaemia.
AB  - To compare the relative heat sensitivities of human normal and neoplastic cells
      of the same tissue type, a study was carried out of the relative sensitivities to
      heat of granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM) derived from the
      peripheral blood and bone marrow of normal subjects and patients with chronic
      granulocytic leukaemia (CGL). Nucleated haemopoietic cells were incubated at
      temperatures in the range 41.5 degrees C to 44.0 degrees C for various periods
      before culture in agar. The results of these experiments showed that CFU-GM from
      normal blood were consistently less sensitive to damage by heat than normal
      marrow CFU-GM. There was no comparable difference in the relative heat
      sensitivities of CFU-GM from blood and marrow of patients with CGL and no
      significant difference between the heat sensitivities of CFU-GM derived from
      marrow from normal individuals and patients with CGL. The observed difference in
      heat sensitivity of CFU-GM from normal blood and marrow accords with other data
      suggesting that the two progenitor cell compartments are distinct: the blood CFU
      GM may represent a more primitive population of committed progenitor cells. In
      CGL, CFU-GM in the blood may much more closely resemble those in the marrow. The
      data provide no support for the hypothesis that malignant cells differ
      intrinsically from their normal counterparts in respect of sensitivity to damage
      by hyperthermia.

PMID- 6594155
TI  - Cytotoxicity of tamoxifen for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in vitro.

PMID- 6594156
TI  - Serous effusions in monocytic leukaemias.
AB  - We report four patients who either presented with or developed serous effusions
      during the course of monocytic leukaemia. This finding has not been documented
      previously. All the patients had very high peripheral blood monocyte counts when
      effusions developed. The effusions resolved after the patients were treated with
      anti-leukaemic therapy. It is therefore likely that the effusions were disease
      related. Two of the patients have been treated with razoxane, one with etoposide
      and the other with cytarabine.

PMID- 6594157
TI  - The use of 16,16-dimethyl-trans delta 2 prostaglandin E1 methyl ester (gemeprost)
      vaginal pessaries for the termination of pregnancy in the early second trimester.
      A comparison with extra-amniotic prostaglandin E2.
AB  - The use of gemeprost pessaries has been compared in an open randomized trial with
      the extra-amniotic infusion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) for the termination of
      pregnancy between 12 and 16 weeks gestation. The success rates were 77% and 79%
      for the pessary and infusion group respectively, and these rates were unaffected
      by parity. There was no significant difference in the cumulative abortion rate
      between the two groups, nor were there differences in the induction-abortion
      interval, nor in the time taken to the onset of pain or bleeding. However, women
      in the pessary group required significantly less analgesia than those in the
      infusion group. Side-effects, experienced both during treatment and during the 6
      weeks after abortion, were similar in both groups. Gemeprost vaginal pessaries
      are an effective alternative to the extra-amniotic infusion of PGE2 for the
      termination of pregnancy in the early second trimester.

PMID- 6594158
TI  - Four-dimensional facial change.

PMID- 6594159
TI  - The effect of social class and dental features on referrals for orthodontic
      advice and treatment.
AB  - Patients referred to the Orthodontic Department of Glasgow Dental Hospital over a
      5-year period were divided into social class. The analysis of some dental
      features revealed that the upper social classes presented with proportionally
      more minor malocclusions than the lower social classes.

PMID- 6594160
TI  - Thumb sucking habit and associated dental differences in one of monozygous twins.
AB  - A case report is presented of a set of monozygotic twins aged 14 years, one of
      whom sucked her thumb and one who did not indulge in the habit. The thumb sucker
      had a wider lower arch and a narrower upper arch than the non-thumb sucker. The
      thumb sucker also appeared to have a more forward position of her premaxilla on
      cephalometric analysis together with an increased overjet. Superimposed outlines
      of the tongue showed that the thumb sucker was adopting a lower position of the
      dorsum of the tongue at the time of initial examination.

PMID- 6594161
TI  - Further observations on lower third molar tilt.
AB  - The angulation of lower third molars on opposite sides of the jaw was compared on
      50 orthopantographic radiographs of children who had mesial migration of lower
      first permanent molars on one side only following unilateral extraction of lower
      second deciduous molars. On 36 films the lower third molar was less tilted on the
      extraction side. Applying a paired t-test this difference is significant (p less
      than 0.001). The distance of mesial migration was estimated, and the findings are
      discussed in relation to the hypothesis that early mesial migration of posterior
      teeth reduces the tilt of lower third molars.

PMID- 6594162
TI  - Saddle angle and maxillary prognathism: a radiological analysis of the
      association between the NSAr and SNA angles.
AB  - In cephalometric radiography, two angles have been commonly used, the saddle
      angle (NSAr) and the SNA angle. The former has been regarded as the cranial base
      angle, the latter as an indicator of the antero-posterior relation of the maxilla
      to the cranial base. In this study, a sample of 138 lateral skull radiographs of
      untreated orthodontics patients aged 7-15 years and analysed. The sample
      consisted of Angle's Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusion cases. Means
      and standard deviations of the NSAr and SNA angles and the S-N and S-Ar lines for
      different malocclusion groups were estimated, and for each malocclusion group,
      the model of linear regression (y = bx + a) between the SNA and NSAr angles was
      computed. The mean of the NSAr angle was significantly larger in the Class II
      malocclusion group than in the Class III malocclusion group (p less than 0.05).
      The computed regressions indicated that about 14-40 per cent of the variation of
      the SNA angle in different malocclusion groups and about 24 per cent in the whole
      sample could be explained by the variation of the NSAr angle. Because at least a
      part of the correlation between the NSAr and SNA angles had a topographical
      causation, the main cause of this topographical correlation probably being the
      rotation of the S-N plane, the SNA angle was regarded as an unreliable indicator,
      the use of which can lead to considerable errors.

PMID- 6594163
TI  - The effect of on the incisor teeth of activator treatment: a follow-up study.
AB  - A follow-up study of the effect of activator treatment on the incisors is
      presented. Much of the effect of activator treatment is due to movement of the
      incisors. It has been claimed that the upper incisors become retroclined,
      however, a proclination of the lower incisors may also occur and this has been
      regarded by many as a contra-indication. This aspect has been studied in a
      material consisting of 40 Angle Class II:1 cases treated with the activator. Mean
      age at the start of treatment was 11 years and at the end of treatment 12.5
      years. Incisor position and inclination were recorded on radiographs taken before
      and after treatment. The results indicate a significant improvement regarding
      upper incisor position and inclination whereas the lower incisors had moved
      forward 2.6 mm and proclined 1.6 degrees on average. A regression analysis
      suggested, however, that cases with proclined lower incisors prior to treatment
      underwent retroclination during treatment (p less than 0.001). Furthermore, 25
      per cent of the patients studied showed retroclination of the lower incisors
      during activator treatment. It is thus concluded that proclined lower incisors is
      not necessarily a contra-indication for treatment using the activator.

PMID- 6594164
TI  - Kinetics of prostaglandin E metabolism in isolated hepatocytes.
AB  - The kinetics of prostaglandin E metabolism were investigated in isolated
      hepatocytes from male Sprague-Dawley rats. [3H]Prostaglandin E1 or
      [3H]prostaglandin E2 was incubated with cells in suspension, aliquots were
      collected over time and samples extracted and chromatographed using reverse-phase
      high-performance liquid chromatography. Both prostaglandins E1 and E2 were
      rapidly metabolized by the hepatocytes and at low prostaglandin E concentrations
      (10(-12) M) both have similar apparent half-lives (prostaglandin E1, 1.24;
      prostaglandin E2, 1.68 min). Disappearance of counts from prostaglandin E1 and E2
      fractions was accompanied by the appearance of counts in earlier fractions of the
      chromatograms, consistent with metabolism to compounds which are more polar than
      the native prostaglandins. The half-life for prostaglandin E1 was unchanged over
      a prostaglandin E1 concentration range of 10(-12) to 10(-6) M. In contrast,
      increasing prostaglandin E2 concentration resulted in a prolonged half-life over
      the same concentration range. Decreasing cell concentrations from 5 X 10(6) to 5
      X 10(5) cells/ml resulted in decreases in the rates of metabolism of both
      prostaglandins E1 and E2.

PMID- 6594165
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 and depression.

PMID- 6594166
TI  - Genetic engineering, medicine and medical genetics.
AB  - The impact of DNA technology in the near future will be on the manufacture of
      biologic agents and reagents that will lead to improved therapy and diagnosis.
      The use of DNA technology for prenatal and preclinical diagnosis in genetic
      diseases is likely to affect management of genetic diseases considerably. New and
      old questions regarding selective abortion and the psychosocial impact of early
      diagnosis of late appearing diseases and of genetic susceptibilities are being
      raised. Somatic therapy with isolated genes to treat disease has not been
      achieved. True germinal genetic engineering is far off for humans but may find
      applications in animal agriculture.

PMID- 6594167
TI  - HLA and obesity.
AB  - A possible association between HLA and obesity was investigated in 42 unrelated
      obese children from Hessen, Germany. A family study was possible in 11 families
      with a total of 26 children. No significant deviation was observed for one of the
      HLA ABC antigen frequencies in the sample group compared with controls (n = 220).
      The linkage analysis in families: a) ruled out a close linkage (less than 10 cM)
      between HLA and a hypothetical obesity gene (assumption of a dominant mode of
      inheritance), b) did not exclude recessive inheritance so far, since the
      importance of penetrance is unknown and a simple gene model is improbable, c)
      yielded also negative lod scores (which did not reach the elimination level of 
      2) for an intermediary genetic model.

PMID- 6594168
TI  - S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase activity during differentiation of HL-60 cells.
AB  - Early changes in S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) hydrolase activity during DMSO
      induced granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells were followed. Within 24 h a
      decrease of activity of SAH hydrolase could be detected in induced cultures but
      not in control cultures. This decrease could be shown to be associated with G1
      phase of the cell cycle and was detected prior to phenotypic changes of the
      cells.

PMID- 6594169
TI  - The generation of human long-term marrow cultures from marrow depleted of Ia (HLA
      DR) positive cells.
AB  - Successful long-term cultures were generated from marrow buffy-coat cells
      incubated with either of two monoclonal anti-Ia antibodies, 7.2 and HBIOa, and
      complement. The mean CFU-GM toxicity for 7.2 and HBIOa was 81% and 94%,
      respectively, of the complement control. Cultures generated from marrows treated
      with 7.2 and complement produced between 30% and 163% of the CFU-GM (mean, 78.2
      +/- 52.4%) and 33% of the BFU-E produced by the complement control cultures. Long
      term cultures from marrows treated with the more cytotoxic HBIOa antibody yielded
      261% of the CFU-GM present at culture initiation. Our data suggest that the
      progenitor cells necessary for generation of long-term cultures from human marrow
      are Ia-negative and may represent less mature stem cells than those measurable by
      semisolid colony assays. Furthermore, marrow treated with cytotoxic anti-Ia
      antibodies may be suitable for use in autologous transplantation.

PMID- 6594170
TI  - Nonclonal hemopoietic progenitor cells detected in long-term marrow cultures from
      a Turner syndrome mosaic with chronic myeloid leukemia.
AB  - We have investigated the clonality of Ph1-negative hemopoietic progenitor cells
      appearing in long-term marrow cultures established with cells from a mosaic
      Turner syndrome patient (46,XX/45,X) with Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia
      (CML). The Ph1-positive clone had been shown previously to have arisen from a
      cell of the 45,X lineage. At the time of the present study, the patient was five
      years post-diagnosis and had been off chemotherapy for two months following a
      year of treatment for lymphoid blast crisis. All analyzed unstimulated marrow
      metaphases and each of 23 individually analyzed erythroid and granulocyte
      colonies produced in assays of the starting marrow were 45,X,Ph1. Pooled
      granulocyte colonies from the same assays yielded four metaphases that were
      45,X,Ph1 and one that was 46,XX. Very few hemopoietic progenitors were detected
      in long-term cultures at any time; however, all of four individually analyzed
      large granulocyte colonies and a pooled granulocyte colony preparation obtained
      from assays of 4- to 6-week-old adherent layers yielded exclusively 46,XX
      metaphases. These results provide evidence that non-clonal progenitors can
      persist in patients with CML, even after the onset and treatment of blast crisis,
      and that the long-term marrow culture system provides a sensitive method for
      detecting such cells.

PMID- 6594171
TI  - Changes in surface antigens of HL-60 cells during differentiation in vitro.
AB  - We have examined the pattern of binding of monoclonal antibodies OKM 1, FMC 10,
      FMC 12, FMC 13, FMC 17 and FMC 33 to human promyelocytic leukaemia (HL-60) cells.
      We found that the expression of antigens detectable with FMC 17 and FMC 33
      (specific for monocytes and macrophages) was increased by exposure of HL-60 cells
      to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 but not by exposure of HL-60 cells to 12
      tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA). The antigen detected with the OKM 1
      antibody was highly induced by TPA. The expression of granulocyte-specific
      antigens detected by FMC 10 and FMC 13 was increased during induction of
      granulocytic maturation; these antigens were retained during monocyte-macrophage
      differentiation of HL-60 cells. We conclude that in some cases the expression of
      particular antigens during maturation of malignant cells proceeds normally while
      in other cases antigenic differences between leukaemic and normal cells at
      equivalent levels of maturation can be detected.

PMID- 6594172
TI  - Nurse/physician relations: a perspective from nursing.

PMID- 6594173
TI  - Nurse/physician relations: a perspective from medicine.

PMID- 6594174
TI  - Nurse-physician collaboration: a review of some barriers to its fulfillment.

PMID- 6594175
TI  - Conflicts and collaboration: nurse-physician issues in the hospital.

PMID- 6594177
TI  - Comment on "microwave oven burns" by Henry Fleck, M.D.

PMID- 6594176
TI  - Endolaryngeal carbon dioxide laser arytenoidectomy: evaluation using the flow
      volume loop.

PMID- 6594178
TI  - Statement and resolution on the regional perinatal network. The Committee on
      Public Health.

PMID- 6594179
TI  - Mood changes in bulimia nervosa.
AB  - Daily measurement of mood, and the occurrence of specific eating behaviours, were
      assessed concurrently over an eight-week period in a sample of 50 patients
      meeting diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa. Results of observer-rated scales
      of mood showed a significant reduction of scores, whereas self-assessment of mood
      showed no change over the study period. Negative mood states, although not
      severe, were more marked when the specific behavioural symptoms of binge-eating,
      vomiting, or purging occurred, and they increased as abnormal eating behaviours
      accumulated. It is suggested that the accompanying dysphoric mood states of
      bulimia nervosa are likely to be a secondary manifestation related to the
      presence of abnormal eating symptoms, and that they do no constitute a primary
      depressive illness.

PMID- 6594181
TI  - Inhibition of brain protein synthesis suppresses the release of prostaglandin E2
      in febrile rabbits.
AB  - In rabbits the third cerebral ventricle was perfused using a push-pull cannula.
      Prostaglandin E2 concentration in the perfusate was measured by radioimmunoassay.
      Prostaglandin concentration rose during fever induced by an intraventricular
      injection of endogenous pyrogen. Both fever and the increased prostaglandin
      concentration were suppressed by the intraventricular injection of 100 micrograms
      of the protein synthesis inhibitor, anisomycin. A possible interpretation of the
      findings is that anisomycin inhibits the formation of phospholipase A2. If this
      is true, the implication is that phospholipase A2 has a rapid turnover in brain.

PMID- 6594180
TI  - Determination of the course of brainstem catecholamine fibers mediating
      amphetamine anorexia.
AB  - Previous studies suggest that brainstem catecholamine (CA) fibers which mediate
      amphetamine (AMPH)-induced anorexia ascend through the midlateral medical
      forebrain bundle and perifornical region and terminate in the perifornical
      hypothalamic region (PFH) at the level of the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus.
      Through studies of wire-knife cuts (KCs) placed in the lower brainstem, the
      present paper further delineates the course of fibers mediating AMPH feeding
      suppression, as they ascend through the medullary, pontine and midbrain
      tegmentum. The results indicate that the crucial CA fibers ascend through the
      ventrolateral medulla just dorsal to the nucleus of the seventh cranial nerve,
      1.1-1.9 mm lateral to midline. In their rostral course, these fibers apparently
      maintain a relatively straight position in the ventral pons and then enter the
      ventrolateral midbrain just dorsal to the medial lemniscus, between 0.7 and 1.1
      mm lateral to midline. These medullary fibers, possibly originating from the
      norepinephrine/epinephrine-containing ventrolateral cell group (A1/C1), then
      appear to join additional fibers from the scattered dopamine-containing neurons
      positioned in the caudal midbrain (A8 CA cell group). Together, these dopamine,
      epinephrine and norepinephrine systems are believed to ascend into the medial
      aspect of the medial forebrain bundle on their way to the PFH at the level of the
      ventromedial nucleus.

PMID- 6594182
TI  - [Biopsy of testicular infiltrates in boys with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6594183
TI  - Effects of prostaglandin E2 on salicylate-induced damage to the rat gastric
      mucosa: cytoprotection is not associated with preservation of the gastric mucosal
      barrier.
AB  - The effects of pretreatment with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on salicylate-induced
      gastric damage in the rat were studied with a gastric chamber model. Transmural
      potential difference (PD) and net potassium ion (K+) efflux were monitored as
      indices of gastric mucosal barrier integrity. Topical application of 20 mM
      salicylate for 10 min produced an abrupt drop in PD, an increase in net K+ flux,
      and the formation of hemorrhagic erosions covering approximately 24% of the
      glandular mucosa. Prior topical application of PGE2 at doses of 25, 75, and 300
      micrograms/kg significantly reduced the extent of hemorrhagic erosions. However,
      PG pretreatment did not produce a reduction in the effects of topical salicylate
      on either PD or net K+ efflux. Rather, the drop in PD was initially accelerated
      and the net K+ efflux was increased by PGE2 pretreatment. Subsequently, in PGE2
      pretreated mucosae, both parameters showed more rapid recovery toward control
      values. These results suggest that the mechanism of "cytoprotection" by PGE2
      against salicylate-induced gastric damage is not a consequence of preservation of
      the gastric mucosal barrier.

PMID- 6594184
TI  - Reversible hepatotoxicity related to amphotericin B.
AB  - Hepatotoxicity is regarded as a rare side effect of amphotericin B therapy. A
      patient with acute myelogenous leukemia who had normal liver function was treated
      with amphotericin B for fungal pneumonia. While he was receiving the drug at high
      dosages asymptomatic elevation of the levels of alkaline phosphatase, serum
      glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactic
      dehydrogenase and bilirubin was noted. The levels returned to normal when the
      drug was discontinued. Rechallenge with a lower dosage prompted a rapid rise in
      the levels, with subsequent return to normal when the medication was withdrawn.

PMID- 6594185
TI  - Hepatic dysfunction and jaundice following high-dose cytosine arabinoside.
AB  - Two patients with poor-prognosis leukemia were treated with high-dose cytosine
      arabinoside (Ara-C), 3 g/m2, for induction. Both patients developed serious
      jaundice in the second posttreatment week. Clinically, the jaundice was
      characterized by conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, normal amino transferase levels,
      significant elevation of alkaline phosphatase, and no evidence of obstruction.
      Microscopic examination of the liver showed only passive congestion with blood,
      and no bile lakes or plugs. This was believed to be most consistent with drug
      induced intrahepatic cholestasis, possibly as a result of injury to the
      hepatocyte transport system.

PMID- 6594186
TI  - Promyelocytic blast crisis of chronic myelocytic leukemia with both t(9;22) and
      t(15;17) in M3 cells.
AB  - A blast crisis with the features of promyelocytic leukemia (M3) occurred during
      the evolution of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) with the t(9;22)
      translocation. This rare form of transformation was confirmed by means of
      cytologic and electron microscopic examination. Cytogenetic studies showed two
      simultaneous translocations t(15;17) and t(9;22) in the promyelocytes. After
      intensive chemotherapy, a complete remission was obtained and only karyotypes
      with t(9;22) translocation were present. These data confirm the specificity of
      the t(15;17) translocation in malignant promyelocytic proliferation and provide
      evidence for a second genetic event in the genesis of blast crisis occurring in a
      committed cell belonging to the abnormal population defined by the Ph1
      chromosome.

PMID- 6594187
TI  - Chromosome changes and splenectomy in Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia. I.
      Predictive parameters in the blastic phase.
AB  - The effects of splenectomy in the blastic phase (BP) of Philadelphia (Ph1)
      positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) were correlated with the chromosome
      findings at the BP. The 53 patients studied were divided into four groups on the
      basis of the chromosome findings in the bone marrow and/or blood and whether
      splenectomy was performed after the onset of the BP, i.e., patients with only a
      Ph1 clone with or without splenectomy and those with abnormal clones containing
      karyotypic abnormalities in addition to Ph1 with or without splenectomy.
      Statistical analyses showed that splenectomy for patients with abnormal clones in
      addition to Ph1 at the BP affected positively both median survival and percentage
      of patients with a good therapeutic response and that splenectomy in patients
      with only a Ph1 clone contributed to an improvement in the tolerance to
      chemotherapy.

PMID- 6594189
TI  - Surgical treatment of pulmonary metastases.
AB  - In 1971, the author reported 22 children with multiple pulmonary metastases from
      osteosarcoma. Six of these 22 (27%) were alive and well 10 to 15 years later. Two
      of the six developed new different tumors. Since these patients with multiple
      pulmonary metastases did well with aggressive multiple thoracotomies, the author
      treated numerous other patients with pulmonary metastases from various diseases.
      In general, patients with multiple pulmonary metastases have the same curability
      as those with solitary metastases, i.e., approximately a 27% 5-year survival
      rate.

PMID- 6594188
TI  - Cytogenetic and in vitro culture studies on chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.
AB  - Six cases of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia were studied with cytogenetic and
      colony-formation techniques. Chromosome studies on bone marrow cells with the Q
      banding method revealed cytogenetic changes in three of the six patients; +5, +8,
      +21, -13, -X, +1q, and 7q-. Chromosome changes among cases showed no particular
      correlation with survival or with the tendency to develop the acute phase. In
      vitro culture studies in the three cases showed that most of the hematopoietic
      precursors in the patients were considered to be myelomonocytic cells, with a
      variable number of colonies. Adherent cells from the patient's marrow had
      inhibitory effects for colony formation; on the other hand, patient serum showed
      elevated colony-stimulating activity.

PMID- 6594190
TI  - Clonal culture and cytogenetics. Indicators of a variant of chronic myelogenous
      leukemia.
AB  - The clonal growth pattern of bone marrow and peripheral blood cells from 16
      patients with clinically suspected chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) was
      evaluated in the double-layer agar system. Cytogenetic studies were performed on
      parallel marrow and peripheral blood samples. In four cases a unique growth
      pattern emerged, characterized by normal or increased colony-forming units
      (CFUc), and markedly elevated cluster-forming units (CIFUc). Three of these were
      Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-negative (atypical CML) and the fourth showed a
      mixture of Ph1-positive and chromosomally normal cells (Ph1-negative). Of the
      remaining cases, five proved to be CML Ph1-positive with progression to blast
      crisis on the basis of clinical data, clonal culture, and cytogenetics, and seven
      proved to be disorders other than myeloid leukemia. The combined results from
      clonal growth and cytogenetics have added a new parameter in the diagnosis of
      atypical CML and may aid in the earlier diagnosis and treatment of patients with
      this CML variant.

PMID- 6594191
TI  - Daunorubicin accumulation by human myeloblasts varying in anthracycline
      resistance.
AB  - Circulating myeloblasts were obtained from patients with acute myelogenous
      leukemias varying widely in anthracycline responsiveness. Studies were carried
      out in vitro to assess the capacity of such cells for daunorubicin accumulation.
      There was no correlation between drug responsiveness patterns in vivo vs. drug
      transport phenomena measured in vitro. A mode of enhanced anthracycline exodus
      demonstrable in certain drug-resistant murine leukemia cell lines could not be
      detected in the drug-resistant human myeloblasts.

PMID- 6594192
TI  - Membrane lipid dynamics in human promyelocytic leukemia cells sensitive and
      resistant to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate induction of differentiation.
AB  - A series of fluorescent probes was used to analyze membrane lipid dynamics in
      promyelocytic leukemic cells sensitive (HL-60) or resistant (R-55) to phorbol
      diester induction of cell differentiation. When examined with the probe 1,6
      diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, which can penetrate the plasma membrane and
      intercalate in the lipids of both leaflets of the plasma membrane, as well as in
      organellar membranes, R-55 cells were found to have higher fluorescence
      anisotropy values, indicative of decreased lipid fluidity, as compared to HL-60
      cells. In contrast, when HL-60 and R-55 cells were compared using a series of
      membrane-impermeant fluorophores (stachyose derivatives of anthroyloxystearate
      and pyrenebutyryl hydrazide) that incorporate only into the outer hemileaflet of
      the plasma membrane, no difference was observed in membrane lipid fluidity.
      Exposure to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (10 ng/ml) for 24 hr decreased
      the fluorescence anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene in both HL-60 and R
      55 cells, whereas by 48 hr only the HL-60 cells displayed the reduction. No
      effect on the fluorescence anisotropy of 1-(4'-trimethylammonium phenyl)-6-phenyl
      1,3,5-hexatriene, which is believed to localize in the plasma membrane, was
      observed in R-55 cells exposed to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (10 or 100
      ng/ml), whereas HL-60 cells treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (10
      ng/ml) showed a marked reduction in the fluorescence anisotropy. These
      observations suggest that the ability of HL-60 cells to respond to 12-O
      tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate may be affected by the physical state of the
      plasma membrane lipids and that the resistant phenotype is associated with
      decreased fluidity of either the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane and/or of
      the cytosolic organellar membranes.

PMID- 6594193
TI  - Comparison of in vitro and in vivo differentiation of myeloblastic leukemia of
      the RFM/Un mouse.
AB  - Various human and mouse myeloid leukemia cell lines can differentiate to mature
      myeloid or monocytoid cells in response to different agents. The myeloblastic
      leukemia of the RFM/Un mouse (the RF.AML line) was studied here to determine its
      ability to differentiate after in vitro and in vivo treatment. The RF.AML cells
      were passed in vivo by i.v. or i.p. injection of freshly harvested leukemic
      spleen cells or in vitro-passaged leukemia cells. The cells proliferated in the
      spleen and peritoneal cavity. The RF.AML cells had the appearance of myeloblasts
      or myelomonoblasts on Wright's stain, had slight positivity for peroxidase, and
      lacked staining for nonspecific esterase. The cells grew in suspension in vitro
      with a doubling time of 48 hr. Various phorbol diester tumor promotors inhibited
      proliferation and incorporation of thymidine into the RF.AML cells. Phorbol
      myristate acetate (10 to 100 nM) caused the cells to adhere to plastic, and
      enhanced the phagocytic ability of the cells for Candida albicans. The RF.AML
      cells had specific receptors for phorbol dibutyrate, binding 0.37 +/- 0.03 (S.E.)
      pmol of [3H]phorbol dibutyrate/10(6) cells after a 2-hr incubation at 4 degrees
      with 50 nM [3H]phorbol dibutyrate. Thirty-three to 300 nM dexamethasone caused 19
      to 37% of the cells to become nonspecific esterase positive and enhanced their
      phagocytosis of C. albicans. Likewise, 0.5 or 1.0 microM 13-cis-retinoic acid, or
      0.6 or 1.2% dimethyl sulfoxide enhanced the phagocytic ability of the RF.AML
      cells but had no effect on the adherence, proliferation, or nonspecific esterase
      activity. None of the treatments induced lysozyme activity in the cells or
      rendered the RF.AML cells able to produce H2O2 in response to phorbol myristate
      acetate treatment in vitro. In vivo treatment of mice with RF.AML present with
      phorbol myristate acetate or dexamethasone did not induce differentiation of the
      RF.AML cells or alter the survival of the animals. Thus, although the RF.AML
      cells differentiate in vitro in response to various agents, in vivo
      differentiation was not seen in this model.

PMID- 6594194
TI  - Induction of macrophage differentiation of human normal and leukemic myeloid stem
      cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and its fluorinated analogues.
AB  - This study shows for the first time that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25-(OH)2D3]
      and two fluorinated analogues of 1,25-(OH)2D3 [24,24-F2-1,25-(OH)2D3 and 26, 26,
      26, 27, 27, 27-F6-1,25-(OH)2D3] induce macrophage differentiation of human normal
      and leukemic myeloid stem cells. The addition of either 1,25-(OH)2D3 or one of
      the two fluorinated analogues of 1,25-(OH)2D3 at concentrations as low as 10(-9)
      M to culture plates containing normal human marrow cells stimulated myeloid stem
      cells to preferentially differentiate to colonies of monocytes and macrophages.
      Over 80% of the normal human myeloid colonies were composed of only monocytes and
      macrophages in culture plates containing 10(-7) M 1,25-(OH)2D3 or one of the
      fluorinated analogues. In contrast, control plates not containing 1,25-(OH)2D3
      had less than 35% macrophage colonies. Likewise, 1,25-(OH)2D3 and the two vitamin
      D analogues induced macrophage differentiation of leukemic colony-forming cells
      taken from patients. In plates containing 10(-7) M 1,25-(OH)2D3 or one of the
      analogues at 10(-8) M, 80% of chronic myelogenous leukemia and approximately 50%
      of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia colony-forming cells differentiated to
      macrophage-like cells. In contrast, control plates had about 30 and 20%
      macrophage colonies in cultures from chronic myelogenous leukemia and acute
      nonlymphocytic leukemia patients, respectively. Our findings suggest that 1,25
      (OH)2D3 may play a role in hematopoiesis and that the compound or a related
      analogue may possibly have a therapeutic role in some leukemias.

PMID- 6594195
TI  - Phenotypic changes induced by a novel benzophenone derivative and resultant
      suppression of cell proliferation in the human thymic acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia cell line HPB-ALL.
AB  - A novel benzophenone derivative, 2-(2-benzoyl-4-chlorophenoxy)-N
      methylpropionamide (Ch-13), induced phenotypic differentiation linked to the
      inhibition of cell proliferation in human thymic acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      cell line HPB-ALL cells. The Ch-13-induced morphological changes consist of a
      decrease in cell size, nucleolar disappearance, and an alteration in the
      chromatin distribution, resembling large or atypical lymphocytes. Treatment with
      Ch-13 brought about a remarkable reduction in OKT6-, OKT4/Leu3a-, and OKT9
      positive cells. At the optimal differentiation-inducing dose (5 X 10(-5)M), Ch-13
      inhibited the cell proliferation, de novo DNA synthesis, and specific antibody
      induced cell surface antigen capping.

PMID- 6594196
TI  - 4'-epi-doxorubicin in combination with cisplatin in advanced ovarian cancer.
AB  - Thirty-two patients with advanced ovarian cancer were treated with a combination
      of 4'-epi-doxorubicin, a new analog of doxorubicin, and cisplatin at a dose of 60
      and 50 mg/m2, respectively, every 28 days. Twelve patients had previously
      received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Of 29 evaluable patients, six (21%)
      achieved complete remission for a median duration of 19+ months, and 13 (45%)
      achieved partial remission for a median duration of 8 months. All complete
      remissions were confirmed by a "second-look" procedure. Main side effects
      included vomiting in all patients, moderate myelosuppression (67%), and alopecia
      (65%). No case of congestive heart failure was observed. 4'-Epi-doxorubicin plus
      cisplatin is an effective and relatively well-tolerated regimen in the treatment
      of advanced ovarian cancer.

PMID- 6594197
TI  - Phase II study of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin in patients with adenocarcinoma of the
      upper gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 6594198
TI  - The Protopappas affair: its impact on dentistry.

PMID- 6594199
TI  - What are your delegation skills?

PMID- 6594200
TI  - How to do MORE in LESS time.

PMID- 6594201
TI  - Esthetic reconstruction of residual deformed ridges for restorative purposes.

PMID- 6594203
TI  - The dental practice game.

PMID- 6594202
TI  - Bringing an associate into your practice.

PMID- 6594204
TI  - The perfect patient flow model: six steps to increased case acceptance.

PMID- 6594206
TI  - Difficulties in obtaining pulpal anesthesia.

PMID- 6594205
TI  - [Corneal ulcer with hypopyon during extended-wear of a hydrophilic soft lens in
      an aphakic patient. Study of a case].

PMID- 6594207
TI  - Which systemic diseases are most prevalent in a large group of dental patients?

PMID- 6594208
TI  - Determination of surface antigens using the Coulter counter: a simple highly
      sensitive method.
AB  - Detection of cell surface antigens through the use of specific antisera has been
      possible using vital dye exclusion and radionuclide labeling. Viability
      determination by these and other more sophisticated methods, however, is often
      inconvenient. We have developed a method for analysis of cell death due to immune
      cytolysis that employs the Coulter counter, an electronic particle analyzer. Cell
      viability after treatment with antisera plus complement was determined and the
      values correlate well with those of Trypan blue dye exclusion tests. Future
      applications of this methodology are also discussed.

PMID- 6594209
TI  - Cell population analysis of a heterogeneous blast cell crisis of chronic
      myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - A case of Philadelphia negative chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is described
      with the following features: 1) initial lymphoid blast crisis; followed by 2) a
      heterogeneous blast crisis including myeloid, monocytic, and lymphoid elements
      that could be distinguished by morphological, cytochemical, ultrastructural
      methods and by immunologic markers; and 3) clonal evolution as shown by
      methylcellulose cultures and ultrastructural studies with emergence of a
      relatively drug resistant subclone of leukemic cells. Determination of surface
      antigen phenotype in CML blast crisis thus provides clinically useful information
      for the structuring of treatment protocols. This study also confirms previous
      studies that lymphoid blast crisis of CML can occur in Ph'-cases and that the
      Philadelphia chromosome is probably a clonal marker only and its presence is not
      directly related to the subsequent clinical course of the disease.

PMID- 6594210
TI  - Posterior composite restorations.

PMID- 6594211
TI  - Use of microfil composite resins for Class V restorations: a technique.

PMID- 6594212
TI  - The computer and the dentist: a difficult choice.

PMID- 6594213
TI  - Bleaching tetracycline stains.

PMID- 6594214
TI  - A conservative bleaching treatment for the nonvital discolored tooth.

PMID- 6594215
TI  - Furcation invasions: correlating a classification system with therapeutic
      considerations. Part I. Examination, diagnosis, and classification.

PMID- 6594216
TI  - Malpractice--it only happens to someone else.

PMID- 6594217
TI  - Periodontics and the aging of America.

PMID- 6594218
TI  - Pain control.

PMID- 6594219
TI  - [Secondary hyperparathyroidism and pathological changes in the jaws of patients
      on long-term hemodialysis].

PMID- 6594220
TI  - [Webster's method of reconstruction of the lower lip and a review of other
      methods].

PMID- 6594221
TI  - [Problems in the reconstruction of peripheral nerves under specific
      circumstances].

PMID- 6594222
TI  - [Fixation of fractures of the mandible by the Champy technic].

PMID- 6594223
TI  - [Osteogenesis imperfecta--pathological fracture of the lower mandible in tooth
      extraction].

PMID- 6594224
TI  - The amalgameter.

PMID- 6594226
TI  - [Carpal tunnel syndrome--a leading symptom in generalized tendomyopathy].
AB  - Among 75 of 100 patients with generalized tendomyopathy, carpal-tunnel syndrome
      developed in the course of the disease and was demonstrated both clinically and
      electromyographically, requiring operative intervention in 10%. Furthermore, 17
      of 26 patients previously operated on for carpal-tunnel syndrome, had chronic
      tendomyopathy requiring treatment, and in six there was severe generalized
      tendomyopathy. Thus generalized tendomyopathy can be the precipitating underlying
      disease in a large number of cases with so-called idiopathic carpal-tunnel
      syndrome.

PMID- 6594225
TI  - Possible role of endogenous prostaglandins in alkaline response in rat gastric
      mucosa damaged by hypertonic NaCl.
AB  - Changes in gastric potential difference (PD) and luminal pH of gastric perfusate
      were studied in anesthetized rats before and after application of hypertonic NaCl
      to the stomach for 10 min. There was a concentration-dependent reduction of PD
      and an increase in luminal pH after exposure to NaCl. In the stomach exposed to
      NaCl over 0.75 M, a significant amount of HCO3- (0.5-1.5 mumol/10 min) was
      titrated in the lumen at pH 7.4 under cimetidine infusion (8 mg/kg/hr). After
      removal of hypertonic NaCl, the PD returned completely or partially to the basal
      values within 1 hr. Pretreatment of the rats with subcutaneously administered
      indomethacin (3 mg/kg) or aspirin (100 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the
      recovery of PD in the 1 M NaCl-treated stomach. Gastric alkaline response in the
      damaged mucosa was significantly attenuated in rats pretreated with indomethacin
      or aspirin. Intravenously administered cimetidine (8 mg/kg/hr) or subcutaneously
      administered 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (3 micrograms/kg) abolished the
      inhibitory effect of indomethacin on gastric alkaline response caused by 1 M
      NaCl, and partially restored the PD recovery. These results indicate that
      endogenous prostaglandins released in the injured mucosa are probably responsible
      for the luminal alkalinization noted after exposure to 1 M NaCl. This process
      would lead to a protection against further damage and accelerate reestablishment
      of the mucosal integrity.

PMID- 6594227
TI  - Why people change dentists.

PMID- 6594228
TI  - [Spectrophotometric method of evaluating tumor cell agglutination induced by
      lectins].
AB  - The lectin (PHA and Con A) induced agglutination of a human tumour cell line
      (lung adenocarcinoma and osteosarcoma) was estimated by the spectrophotometric
      method. A decrease in the optic density for 1 min (delta D) of cell suspension
      and the time (t0) necessary for a complete sedimentation of cells (at delta D =
      0) were used as quantitative indicators of agglutination. An increase in the
      concentration of tumour cells and lectins resulted in an increase of delta D and
      a decrease of t0. The results of spectrophotometry were correlated with the
      microscopic study data for tumour cells agglutination.

PMID- 6594229
TI  - [Open preliminary study of new antidepressive compound: citalopram].
AB  - The antidepressant effect of citalopram, a specific inhibitor of the reuptake of
      serotonin, was explored in an open phase II study involving twenty-one patients
      hospitalized for depression. Fourteen patients responded, six did not and one was
      excluded from the study. These preliminary results suggest that citalopram is an
      effective, well tolerated antidepressant.

PMID- 6594230
TI  - Adenylate cyclase of osteoblast-like cells from rat osteosarcoma is stimulated by
      calcitonin as well as parathyroid hormone.
AB  - Isolated bone cells are often described according to the presence of PTH- and
      calcitonin (CT)-sensitive adenylate cyclase activities. Osteoblasts are thought
      to be cells with PTH-sensitive adenylate cyclase but without CT response, and
      osteoclasts are thought to be CT-sensitive cells. We have studied the adenylate
      cyclase of a cloned bone cell line (UMR-106) derived from a rat osteosarcoma and
      used as a model of osteoblastic cells. Cells maintained in continuous culture for
      over 2 yr contain adenylate cyclase responsive to CT as well as PTH. The
      stimulatory effects of both hormones are dependent on hormone concentration,
      time, and the guanine nucleotide GTP. PTH and CT may activate the same adenylate
      cyclase in UMR-106 cells, since the stimulatory effects of the two hormones are
      not additive when combined at concentrations giving maximal activity. The beta
      adrenergic agonist isoproterenol also stimulates adenylate cyclase in these
      cells. Unlike late passages of UMR-106 cells, cells of earlier passages (less
      than 50) showed only slight CT-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity. Our results
      suggest that studies of hormone effects attributed to the osteoblast phenotype
      should consider possible alteration of hormone responsiveness in cloned tumor
      cells during long term culture.

PMID- 6594231
TI  - Changes in the concentrations of plasma steroid hormone and plasma 13, 14-dihydro
      15-oxo-prostaglandin F2 alpha in late pregnancy rabbits treated with an inhibitor
      of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
AB  - Changes in the concentrations of progesterone, 17 beta-estradiol and 13, 14
      dihydro-15-oxo-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) were evaluated in the peripheral
      plasma of rabbits during late pregnancy by treating trilostane, an inhibitor of 3
      beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, in an attempt to obtain further insight into
      the involvement of progesterone and prostaglandin (PG) in the initiation of
      parturition. The concentrations of progesterone were 18.8 +/- 2.2 ng/ml (mean +/-
      SE, n = 6) before administration of the inhibitor, significantly (p less than
      0.05) fell to 7.6 +/- 1.0 ng/ml (n = 6) at 30 min, and remained low until 10 h
      after the drug administration. The concentrations of progesterone were still low
      (5.4 +/- 0.5 ng/ml, n = 6) at 20-24 h after administration of the inhibitor, and
      were also low (4.9 +/- 2.2 ng/ml, n = 6) at delivery. Premature deliveries
      occurred at 28.8 +/- 2.0 h after injection of trilostane (on days 29 of
      gestation). Increased concentrations of PGFM were observed at delivery. However,
      administration of trilostane induced no discernible changes in the concentration
      of estradiol. These findings suggest that delivery is induced by progesterone
      withdrawal and that synthesis prostaglandin F2 alpha is remarkably increased at
      delivery in the rabbit.

PMID- 6594232
TI  - Acromegaly and HLA.
AB  - The frequencies of HLA-antigens in A, B, C and DR loci were examined in 34
      Japanese patients with acromegaly. The frequency of DRW9 was slightly higher and
      the frequency of DR4 was slightly, but not significantly, lower than the
      controls.

PMID- 6594233
TI  - Imipenem/cilastatin.

PMID- 6594234
TI  - Susceptibility of Legionella spp. to imipenem and 27 other beta-lactam
      antibiotics.
AB  - With 28 beta-lactam antibiotics the susceptibilities of 60 strains of Legionella
      spp. (49 Legionella pneumophila and 11 ATCC type strains of other Legionella
      species) were determined. Agar dilution testing was used on buffered charcoal
      yeast extract agar to which 0.1% alpha-ketoglutarate was added. The most active
      of the penicillins tested were ampicillin (MIC = 0.06-8 mg/l) and temocilin (MIC
      = 0.125 - 16 mg/l); the most active cephalosporins were ceftazidime (MIC = 0.03 -
      0.5 mg/l), HR 810 (MIC = 0.06 - 1 mg/l) and cefoxitin (MIC = 0.125 - 2 mg/l). Of
      all the drugs tested imipenem had the most pronounced activity (MIC = .0075 -
      0.06 mg/l).

PMID- 6594235
TI  - The plasma pharmacokinetics of high dose (1 g) imipenem coadministered with 1 g
      cilastatin in six normal volunteers.
AB  - The plasma pharmacokinetics of imipenem, a beta-lactam antibiotic of the new
      class of carbapenems, was evaluated by administering 1 g imipenem plus 1 g of the
      dehydropeptidase inhibitor cilastatin to six healthy male volunteers over 30 min.
      Subsequently intensive plasma sampling was done for 5.5 h. The volume of
      distribution of the central compartment was 0.16 +/- 0.04 1/kg; the volume of
      distribution (area) was 0.28 +/- 0.07 1/kg; the volume of distribution (steady
      state) was 0.23 +/- 0.03 1/kg. The mean plasma clearance was 10.1 +/- 1.0
      1/h/1.73 m2. Model-independent analysis showed excellent agreement with these
      values. The terminal excretion half-life was short (1.3 +/- 0.4 h). For
      approximately 6 h after administration, the observed plasma levels were above
      those required to inhibit most nosocomial pathogens in vitro.

PMID- 6594236
TI  - Renal clearance of imipenem in children.
AB  - Imipenem renal clearance was studied in six children (three males, three females;
      2.9-11.2 years of age) following a single intravenous dose (21.7 +/- 5.1 mg/kg)
      of imipenem/cilastatin (1:1). In an approximately six-hour period following drug
      administration, 65.3 +/- 9.7% of the imipenem dose was excreted in the urine
      unchanged. The renal clearance (280.03 +/- 24.34 ml/min/1.73 m2) of imipenem was
      found to account for 69.2% of the corresponding plasma imipenem clearance (404.89
      +/- 24.83 ml/min/1.73 m2). Contrary to existing adult data, the imipenem renal
      clearance in our subjects was 1.95-fold greater than the estimated creatinine
      clearance, suggesting significant tubular secretion of imipenem in children.
      Examination of urinary imipenem excretion rate versus plasma concentration
      relationships in three of the children revealed a potential renal tubular
      reabsorption component for imipenem in children. Comparison of renal imipenem
      clearance data in these children to similar data from adults suggests that
      quantitatively important developmental differences may exist for the renal
      handling of imipenem.

PMID- 6594237
TI  - Impact of imipenem/cilastatin therapy on faecal flora.
AB  - To evaluate the effects of parenteral imipenem/cilastatin therapy upon human
      faecal microflora, stool specimens obtained from ten patients before, during and
      after therapy were cultured quantitatively for aerobic and anaerobic
      microorganisms. The patients received 500 mg imipenem combined with 500 mg
      cilastatin every 6 h for 6-11 days. The antimicrobial therapy was associated with
      a small decrease in the numbers of enterobacteria, anaerobic cocci and
      bacteroides during treatment but afterward the microflora normalized in all
      patients. None of the patients was colonized with new imipenem-resistant
      bacteria, had Clostridium difficile or cytotoxin in the stools, or developed
      diarrhoea.

PMID- 6594238
TI  - In vitro activity of imipenem against anaerobic bacteria.

PMID- 6594239
TI  - Susceptibility of Mycobacterium fallax to imipenem and twenty other antimicrobial
      agents.

PMID- 6594240
TI  - Bactericidal activity of imipenem in serum.

PMID- 6594241
TI  - VP 16-213 and cytosine-arabinoside combination chemotherapy for refractory acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia in adults.
AB  - Fifteen adult patients with refractory or relapsing acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      (ALL) received a 5-day remission induction regimen consisting of VP 16-213 (60
      mg/m2 every 12 hr) and cytosine-arabinoside (100 mg/m2 every 12 hr) up to a
      maximum of three courses. The overall response rate was 60% (9/15), four patients
      (27%) achieving CR and five (33%) attaining PR. Responders were maintained with
      monthly courses of the same combination until progressive disease developed. The
      median duration of response was 4.5 months (2-12+ months). The regimen was
      relatively well tolerated. The major toxicity was hematologic. Non-hematologic
      toxicities included mild nausea and vomiting (11/15) and total alopecia (15/15).
      The results obtained with this combination are encouraging, in view of the poor
      prognosis associated with refractory or relapsing ALL in adults.

PMID- 6594242
TI  - Ph1-positive acute leukemia.
AB  - Twenty-five cases of Ph1-positive acute leukemia (AL) are described, 13
      presenting an acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 12 an acute non-lymphocytic
      leukemia (ANLL). In 12 cases coarse, pink, peroxidase-negative cytoplasmic
      granules were found in the leukemic cells. These granules have not been described
      in Ph1-negative AL and their presence appears to be pathognomonic of Ph1-positive
      acute leukemia. The leukemias of three patients consisted of both lymphoid and
      myeloid clones while the cells of two patients had lymphoid and myeloid markers
      simultaneously present in the same cells. Cytogenetic studies were useful for
      monitoring response and some patients clearly acquired a Ph1-negative status
      during clinical remission. The disease appears to be more resistant to
      chemotherapy than Ph1-negative acute leukemia. While similar to chronic
      myelocytic leukemia (CML) in the Ph1 translocation, Ph1 AL differed from it both
      in age at presentation and response to therapy.

PMID- 6594243
TI  - Increased metastatic ability and bone formation of a mammary adenocarcinoma in
      vivo after in vitro passaging.
AB  - On in vitro passaging of the rat mammary adenocarcinoma R3230AC cell line,
      phenotypic changes occurred that were expressed in vivo. The histology of this
      mammary adenocarcinoma changed to a fibrosarcoma and then to an osteosarcoma. The
      overall population of early passaged cells consisted of a mixture of
      predominantly epithelial-like cells and few fibroblast-like cells; however, later
      passaged cells consisted more of the latter type. Along with the changes in
      histology, the tumor line also became highly metastatic in animals after in vitro
      passaging. The etiology of these phenotypic changes was not determined.
      Cytogenetic studies revealed chromosome changes in cells of later passages. Cells
      of 90 or greater passages that produced bone tumors were found to have fewer
      chromosomes and a metacentric marker isochromosome. In this report a correlation
      is made between the aberrant change in histology, increased metastatic ability
      and the presence of a marker chromosome of the R3230AC tumor.

PMID- 6594244
TI  - Changes in turnover of cerebral monoamines following inhibition of enkephalin
      metabolism by thiorphan and bestatin.
AB  - Thiorphan, an 'enkephalinase' inhibitor, and bestatin, an aminopeptidase
      inhibitor, decreased the turnover of noradrenaline and increased that of dopamine
      and serotonin in mouse brain regions. All effects were prevented by naloxone,
      indicating that when protected from the action of inactivating neuropeptidases
      endogenous enkephalins might affect monoaminergic neurons in the same way as
      exogenous opiates.

PMID- 6594245
TI  - Biological effects of trilostane in vitro on oocyte maturation and fertilization
      in the hamster.
AB  - The effects of the inhibition of steroidogenesis by trilostane on oocyte
      maturation were examined by studying spontaneous maturation and fertilization in
      vitro. 10(-6)M trilostane had no influence on the meiotic process, whether the
      oocytes were naked or not. At a concentration of 10(-6)M and 10(-7)M trilostane,
      low normal pronuclear formation and high polyspermy were found during in vitro
      fertilization. However, no retarded male pronuclear development could be detected
      in the trilostane-treated group. Thus, steroid producing activity within ova is
      apparently necessary to prevent multiple sperm penetration, but it has no effect
      on meiosis or the action of the so-called male pronucleus growth factor (MPGF).

PMID- 6594247
TI  - The nation is looking to Florida for answers.

PMID- 6594246
TI  - Clinical, immunologic, and genetic definitions of primary and secondary recurrent
      spontaneous abortions.
AB  - Fifty couples with repeated pregnancy failures were grouped by clinical history
      as being primary (no children) or secondary (abortions subsequent to having
      children or stillbirths) aborters. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) sharing between
      husband and wife and maternal antipaternal immunity were studied in both groups.
      Analyses showed significantly more HLA-A, B, and DR locus antigens shared in the
      primary abortion group than in the secondary abortion group (P = 0.01). The
      number of couples sharing two to five HLA antigens was higher for those couples
      with primary abortions than for secondary abortions (P = 0.009). Antipaternal
      immunity as measured by visual complement-dependent lymphocytotoxicity (CDCE), by
      51Cr release (CDC51Cr), and by complement-independent, antibody-dependent cell
      mediated cytotoxic (ADCC) assays was different between the two groups. CDCE was
      not present in the primary aborters' sera but was found in 13 of the 15 secondary
      aborters' sera (P = 0.0001). Similarly, ADCC was not apparent in primary aborters
      but was present in 14 of the 15 secondary aborters (P = 0.0001). CDC51Cr was
      detected in 3 of the 11 primary aborters and in 13 of the 15 secondary aborters
      (P = 0.008). Such differences in HLA sharing and immune reactivities between
      these two groups strengthen the idea that either inadequate or inappropriately
      vigorous maternal antipaternal immunity can be related to spontaneous abortions.
      These results uphold a central role for immunology in human reproduction and
      provide further support for the use of immunotherapy to prevent pregnancy losses
      in certain abortion-prone women.

PMID- 6594248
TI  - Preventive and emergency treatment. Public health dental program.

PMID- 6594249
TI  - A method of bleaching vital tetracycline stained teeth.

PMID- 6594250
TI  - [Regional deposition of aerosol particles in the respiratory tract of dental
      technicians].

PMID- 6594251
TI  - [A microscope and illumination system for dental laboratories].

PMID- 6594252
TI  - [Dentist-dental technician. Possibilities for cooperation].

PMID- 6594253
TI  - [Left or right handedness. Ergonomic considerations].

PMID- 6594254
TI  - Fixed costs and net income: ways to boost your profits.

PMID- 6594255
TI  - Collections: making it workable.

PMID- 6594256
TI  - Drug interactions: facts you should know about what physicians are prescribing.

PMID- 6594257
TI  - Drugs in dentistry. Antibiotics.

PMID- 6594258
TI  - Practice management seminars: which ones are worth the money and the time?

PMID- 6594259
TI  - Recalls: a system to raise your response rate.

PMID- 6594260
TI  - Drugs in dentistry. Antibiotics.

PMID- 6594261
TI  - What's the future for fee-for-service dentistry?

PMID- 6594262
TI  - Case presentation: selling skills increase success.

PMID- 6594263
TI  - Drugs in dentistry. Antibiotics.

PMID- 6594264
TI  - The interrelationships of oral hygiene, dental caries and Streptococcus mutans.
      An examination of 47 first-year dental hygiene students.

PMID- 6594265
TI  - Find your zenith among career paths.

PMID- 6594266
TI  - Hospital dentistry.

PMID- 6594267
TI  - Track the options within academic dentistry.

PMID- 6594268
TI  - New directions for the dental surgeon.

PMID- 6594269
TI  - Student views: changes in dental education.

PMID- 6594271
TI  - Symposium on endodontics.

PMID- 6594270
TI  - Build your MPD understanding on etiology foundation.

PMID- 6594272
TI  - Endodontics. An overview.
AB  - The changes that have taken place in endodontic treatment over the past 25 years
      can be summarized succinctly. Although the methods and materials have changed
      markedly, the basic principles of asepsis, enlargement, and seal remained
      unchanged. Predictably successful endodontic treatment is an everyday occurrence
      in the 1980s. It is a result of understanding the basic principles of treatment,
      combined with the ability to deliver these services in an orderly, expeditious,
      and thorough manner. With future advances in research and technology, the elusive
      goal of 100 per cent success may become a reality in this century.

PMID- 6594273
TI  - Pulp therapy for primary and young permanent teeth.

PMID- 6594274
TI  - Apexogenesis versus apexification.

PMID- 6594275
TI  - Classification and diagnosis of pulpal pathoses.
AB  - The purpose of this article has been to review some concepts regarding the
      histophysiology and histopathology of the pulpodentinal complex and the "language
      of classification." Although there may not be agreement on the "language"
      presented here, there can be no disagreement that from a clinical perspective,
      knowledge and appreciation of the ideas presented can be helpful in determining
      pathologic presence. In reaching the ultimate clinical decision, the following
      questions must be answered: Are we dealing with a pulpal disease that is
      potentially reversible? If treatment is necessary do we treat the pulp or the
      pulp canal?

PMID- 6594276
TI  - Periapical lesions.

PMID- 6594277
TI  - Endodontic-periodontic interrelationships. Diagnosis and Treatment.
AB  - As the clinician is confronted with an endodontic and periodontic related lesion,
      he or she is able to classify the lesion according to diagnostic criteria and
      allow the development of a working diagnosis. Definitive therapy for the
      correctly identified lesion is now possible.

PMID- 6594279
TI  - Access cavity preparation.
AB  - The endodontic access cavity is an essential component of the endodontic triad
      upon which all subsequent canal preparation and filling is based. It is probably
      the most frequently underemphasized aspect of endodontic therapy. This results in
      great clinical frustration and poor immediate and long-term results for the
      practitioner. The access cavity must provide clear and unobstructed access to
      each and every orifice and must be designed in such a way so as not to interfere
      with the often difficult intracanal procedures to follow. An understanding of
      root development, chamber, and canal anatomy will allow the practitioner to more
      easily debride and seal each canal through proper access cavity preparation.

PMID- 6594278
TI  - Intracanal medicaments.
AB  - Intracanal medicaments in endodontics have been used for a number of reasons both
      in the past and currently. These include the elimination or reduction of
      microorganisms, rendering canal contents inert, prevention of post-treatment
      pain, and to enhance anesthesia. The chemical nature of medicaments employed are
      varied; they come from a number of different groups. Often, different chemicals
      or drugs are combined in a "cocktail" in an attempt to elicit a variety of
      effects with a single application. After reviewing in vivo and in vitro research,
      there is a decided lack of evidence of the clinical effectiveness of intracanal
      medicaments, with the exception of steroids for prevention of pain. What is clear
      from the research, is the toxicity and potential allergenicity of the commonly
      used intracanal medicaments, particularly those of the phenolic and aldehyde
      derivatives. Ready accessibility to periapical tissues and systemic circulation
      raises serious doubts as to whether their use is safe. It is also unlikely that
      most medicaments enhance clinical success. Considering the research, the findings
      of which are reinforced by clinical experience, intracanal medicaments are
      primarily useless. The one exception is intracanal or systemic steroids. They are
      effective in reducing the incidence of post-treatment pain.

PMID- 6594280
TI  - Advanced techniques for intracanal preparation and filling in routine endodontic
      therapy.
AB  - In conclusion, these techniques have been presented to develop a logical sequence
      of events based on the objectives of conventional endodontic therapy. The
      elimination of the soft organic content of the root canal and subsequent
      elimination of that space as a potential source of periradicular inflammation or
      infection is a demanding task. These techniques provide a consistent and
      reproducible level of clinical success and provide a foundation to expand
      clinical expertise in routine and moderately difficult endodontic situations.

PMID- 6594281
TI  - The enigma of the lateral canal.
AB  - It is difficult to summarize an article of this type, in which the author is
      certain that his case has been presented fairly, but is aware that other views
      that are contrary could be stated and endorsed by pertinent clinical cases.
      Bearing this fact in mind, I wish to reiterate the following: Lateral canals are
      demonstrated in endodontic cases with much less frequency than they exist. This
      variance rarely, if ever, causes an endodontic failure. Some demonstrated lateral
      canals may really be other conditions. Preoperative evaluation should include
      examination of radiographs for lateral, as well as periapical, lesions. Lateral
      canals may be demonstrated by a variety of filling techniques. Careful canal
      preparation may enhance the frequency of such demonstration. Cases with necrotic
      pulps probably yield more frequent demonstration than do cases with vital pulps.
      Lateral canals harboring inflamed and/or infected material may cause pain during
      endodontic treatment. They may simulate periodontal disease and may cause
      problems with treatment if present when a tooth is left open for drainage.
      Periodontal disease may cause pulp exposure via lateral canals located coronally.
      Improper use of post room may lead to lateral failure from breakdown of tissue in
      a lateral canal. The enigma of the lateral canal has been the object of
      description and discussion in many articles, but no one is truly certain of their
      exact significance in endodontic therapy for the long haul.

PMID- 6594283
TI  - Anesthetics, analgesics, antibiotics, and endodontics.

PMID- 6594282
TI  - One-visit endodontics.
AB  - I would like to conclude with some personal observations and comments on the use
      of single-visit endodontics in private practice based on my 12 years of
      experience utilizing this procedure. I cannot stress in strong enough terms that
      one-visit endodontics should not be undertaken by the novice. As an evolutionary
      philosophy of treatment, its use grows out of a full understanding of fundamental
      endodontic principles by the experienced practitioner. It is only after
      considering all of the indications and contraindications in each case on an
      individual basis, that a decision should be made as to whether or not it can be
      completed in a single visit. However, it is also important for the practitioner
      to have a clinical sense of what can be accomplished once the rubber dam has been
      placed and work commenced on the tooth. I submit to you that this very important
      clinical sense can be gained only after many years of clinical experience.
      Therefore, the endodontic competence of the practicing dentist becomes the
      overriding factor in determining the outcome of any one particular case. This is
      not to say that only a specialized few can and should perform this procedure.
      However, it does mean that a high degree of clinical skill is necessary to
      perform it in a successful manner. The performance of better endodontics in
      multiple visits will ensure success in single visits. Therefore, it is incumbent
      upon the individual practitioner to objectively evaluate his or her endodontic
      skills. The clinician should critically evaluate every aspect of his or her
      endodontic practice by determining the incidences of biomechanical errors such as
      ledging, perforations, overinstrumentation, broken instruments, interappointment
      flare-ups, and failures. For only after evaluating these areas will the clinician
      have an indication as to his or her level of endodontic skill and whether or not
      future study and practice need be done in one or more specific aspects of
      endodontic practice. Once a high level of competence is attained, one-visit
      endodontics can be successfully performed if well-skilled clinicians choose their
      cases carefully and adhere to basic endodontic principles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      400 WORDS)

PMID- 6594284
TI  - Vertical crown-root fractures in posterior teeth.
AB  - Some of the treatment procedures just described are, admittedly, heroic, but
      there are many times in today's practice of dentistry when heroics are indicated.
      Posterior vertical crown-root fractures seem to occur most often in terminal
      abutments, in periodontal disease-free mouths, and in individuals who do not
      easily accept the idea of tooth extraction. For these, the reward compensates for
      the effort and time involved.

PMID- 6594285
TI  - Root extrusion. Rationale and techniques.
AB  - The root extrusion techniques are easily mastered and are within the realm of
      every general practitioner. They can be applied in various situations in which
      restoration is very difficult or impossible. The dentist must first decide
      whether or not elevating the root up to 4 mm will help treatment. If the answer
      is yes, then many different methods can be used to accomplish this goal. Teeth
      that were formerly extracted can now be saved and restored routinely, leading to
      a functional and esthetically pleasing result.

PMID- 6594286
TI  - Steroid sulfatase = aryl sulfatase C? Chromatographic and electrophoretic
      properties in extracts from placental microsomes and skin fibroblasts.
AB  - Although the deficiency of steroid sulfatase (STS) as well as aryl sulfatase C
      (ASC) activities in patients with X-linked recessive ichthyosis has been
      confirmed by several groups all over the world, the question whether STS = ASC is
      not yet completely answered. To obtain more information, Miranol H2M extracts
      from placental microsomes and cultured skin fibroblasts were subjected to gel
      permeation chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. STS (3H
      dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) and ASC (4-methylumbelliferone sulfate)
      activities were estimated in the eluted gel permeation chromatography fractions
      and within the same gel cylinders in half gel slices. None of these two methods
      allowed a separation of the two microsomal sulfatase activities. From these
      results and from different behavior of STS and ASC (not deficient in uncultured
      skin preparations of X-linked recessive ichthyosis, different kinetic properties
      between STS and ASC, etc.) we propose microsomal sulfatase activities to be
      assembled in an enzyme aggregate.

PMID- 6594287
TI  - Some orthodontic pitfalls for the unwary.

PMID- 6594288
TI  - A practical guide to pulp canal therapy. 4. Canal preparation.

PMID- 6594289
TI  - A clinical evaluation of the Ligmaject periodontal ligament injection syringe.

PMID- 6594290
TI  - Some reflections on the mechanism of the common faint.

PMID- 6594291
TI  - True ectodermal dysplasia.

PMID- 6594292
TI  - The multifactorial aetiology of caries.

PMID- 6594293
TI  - Fear of dentistry in adults.

PMID- 6594294
TI  - Paedodontics. 3. Endodontic therapy for primary teeth: II. Materials.

PMID- 6594296
TI  - Statistics: 1. Data collection and presentation.

PMID- 6594295
TI  - Orthodontics. 2. The Frankel appliance.

PMID- 6594297
TI  - Facial pain--psychiatric aspects.

PMID- 6594298
TI  - Paedodontics. 6. The Class II amalgam cavity in primary teeth.

PMID- 6594299
TI  - Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and HLA antigens in Papua New
      Guinea.
AB  - HLA phenotypes were studied in 57 Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic Papuan
      patients and the results compared with control subjects of the same Austronesian
      origin. An association was found between disease and BW62, a split antigen of
      B15, with corrected probability significant at the 5% level. The frequencies of
      B13 and BW22 were also increased in diabetic patients but the differences were
      not statistically significant. Although it has been postulated that Melanesian
      communities have protection against diabetes, they have a high frequency of BW62,
      which would imply, from the association found in this study, that susceptibility
      to Type 2 diabetes has yet to become manifest in them.

PMID- 6594300
TI  - [Forensic pathology].

PMID- 6594301
TI  - [Splenectomy in chronic granulocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6594302
TI  - Biological activity of a fluorescent 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate
      derivative.
AB  - A newly synthesized fluorescent TPA derivative, O-(N-dansylamino-3-tetradecanoyl)
      12,O-acetyl-13-phorbol (Dansyl-TPA), inhibited metabolic cooperation of Chinese
      hamster V79 cells in culture and also the specific binding of [3H]phorbol
      dibutyrate to V79 cells. Dansyl-TPA should be a valuable tool for studying the
      cellular targets of TPA.

PMID- 6594303
TI  - [High frequency of subtotal deletion of the Y-chromosome hetero-chromatin in
      Khanty from the lower Ob River area].
AB  - High frequency of the Y chromosome heterochromatin subtotal deletion, del(Y)
      (q12) has been detected in the course of cytogenetic study of Khanty from the
      lower Ob river in West Siberia. This deletion was found in 32 out of 154 males
      examined, i.e. in 20.8%. Taking into account a small size and a long distance
      isolation of the population, it has been concluded that the high frequency of the
      del(Y) (q12) is caused by genetic drift of the marker chromosome.

PMID- 6594304
TI  - Genetic markers of immunoglobulins in the two orangutan subspecies and their
      hybrids.
AB  - Serum samples from 23 Pongo pygmaeus abelii, 4 Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus and 2
      hybrids were tested for Gm (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 24,
      28) and for Km (1) allotypes. All samples were negative for Gm (2, 3, 5, 6, 14,
      16, 21, 28), Km (1) and positive for Gm (1, 15, 17, 24). The allotypes G3m (10,
      11, 13) were simultaneously absent in all of the Bornean orangutans and present
      in all of the Sumatran orangutans. Moreover, the analysis of 8 Bm allotypes has
      shown that all the P. pygmaeus abelii and their hybrids only possess one Bm
      marker and that all the 4 P. pygmaeus pygmaeus are negative for all the antigens.

PMID- 6594305
TI  - [Bone and soft tissue profile changes following headgear and activator therapy].

PMID- 6594306
TI  - [Cephalometric study of no anomaly showing, well compensated hyper- and
      hypodivergent cases].

PMID- 6594307
TI  - [Incisor position and soft tissue profile--an experimental study].

PMID- 6594308
TI  - [Terminal joint axis position and instrumental function analysis in
      orthodonties].

PMID- 6594309
TI  - [Late results following orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances].

PMID- 6594312
TI  - [Use of computers in dental practice].

PMID- 6594311
TI  - [Processing and evaluation of orthodontic autopolymerizing agents].

PMID- 6594310
TI  - [Positive orthodontic aspects of the wisdom tooth].

PMID- 6594313
TI  - HLA-DR antigens in HBsAg-positive chronic active liver disease with and without
      associated delta infection.
AB  - The A, B, C and DR locus specificities of the human leukocyte antigens system
      (HLA) were determined in 45 delta-positive and 44 delta-negative Italian
      patients, all with HBsAg-positive chronic active liver disease; controls were 526
      healthy Italian blood donors matched for age, sex and geographical origin. HLA-A,
      B, C gene frequencies were not significantly changed. In delta-positive patients,
      the frequencies of the DR locus specificities were: DR2, 37.8%; DR3, 20%; DR4,
      11.1%. In the delta-negative patients, the frequencies were: DR2, 13.6%; DR3,
      36.4%; DR4, 0%. Control frequencies were: DR2, 19.4%; DR3, 17.1%; DR4, 18.5%. The
      corrected p values of the differences between controls and delta-positive
      patients were: DR2, pc = 0.046; DR3, pc = NS (not significant); DR4, pc = NS. The
      corrected p values of the differences between controls and delta-negative
      patients were: DR2, pc = NS; DR3, pc = 0.03; DR4, pc = 0.002. These findings show
      that: (a) DR3, a genetic marker of autoimmunity, might assist the establishment
      of chronic HBsAg liver disease in the absence of delta superinfection; (b) DR2 is
      linked with failure to clear the delta agent, and (c) DR4 may protect from virus
      B persistence. Identification of adventitious factors such as delta may help
      uncover a subgroup of HBsAg carriers who are genetically predisposed to develop
      chronic liver disease.

PMID- 6594314
TI  - Regulation of bile salt sulfotransferase isoenzymes by gonadal hormones.
AB  - We studied the regulation of hepatic bile salt sulfotransferase activity by
      gonadal hormones and the effect of gonadal hormones on two bile salt
      sulfotransferase isoenzymes. Bile salt sulfotransferase enzyme activity was three
      times greater in the female than in the male rats. Oophorectomy significantly
      decreased bile salt sulfotransferase activity in the female, but orchidectomy had
      no effect on bile salt sulfotransferase activity in the male. Estrogen treatment
      of intact as well as orchidectomized males markedly stimulated the enzyme
      activity, while testosterone treatment of intact or oophorectomized females did
      not effect bile salt sulfotransferase activity. We concluded that the 3-fold
      greater activity in female rats is due to the striking stimulatory effect of
      estrogen on bile salt sulfotransferase activity, and the testosterone has little
      or no role in the sexually related differences in bile salt sulfotransferase
      activity in mature rats. These sex-related differences in bile salt
      sulfotransferase activity were investigated further using DEAE-Sephadex A50 ion
      exchange chromatography of rat hepatic cytosol. Two bile salt sulfotransferase
      isoenzymes were identified both with an approximate molecular weight of 130,000.
      Bile salt sulfotransferase I eluted with 0.05 M NaCl, had an isoelectric point at
      pH 6.8, was stimulated by estrogen, and was responsible for 90% of total bile
      salt sulfotransferase activity in the mature female. Bile salt sulfotransferase
      II eluted with 0.14 M NaCl, had an isoelectric point at pH 5.3, was unresponsive
      to estrogen, and accounted for 75 to 80% of bile salt sulfotransferase activity
      in the mature male.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6594315
TI  - Human placental steroid-sulfatase solubilized with a cholic-acid derivative:
      molecular mass, kinetic properties and susceptibility to glycosidases.
AB  - Human placental steroid-sulfatase was extracted nearly quantitatively from
      microsomes as well as from acetone dry powder of placenta homogenates using CHAPS
      as detergent. The solubilized enzyme was enriched 10-fold by ammonium sulfate
      precipitation and gel chromatography. The sulfatase extracted from both
      microsomes and acetone dry powder eluted as a single fraction on Sepharose 6B,
      but with different apparent molecular masses (390 and 270 kDa, respectively).
      Kinetic experiments with the sulfate esters of dehydroepiandrosterone, 16 alpha
      hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone, estrone, and estriol as substrates or inhibitors
      indicated that the solubilized sulfatase was fully active. Both the particulate
      and the extracted enzyme showed higher affinities for the 16-unsubstituted than
      for the 16 alpha-hydroxylated substrates. Whereas a competitive inhibition was
      observed in mixed substrate incubations with dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate/16
      alpha-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and estrone sulfate/estriol sulfate,
      diverse patterns of inhibition were obtained with dehydroepiandrosterone
      sulfate/estrone sulfate, depending on the sulfatase preparation used. However,
      evidence for the distinct nature of the steroid-sulfatase and the estrogen
      sulfatase was not obtained. The membrane-bound, but not the solubilized enzyme
      was to a certain degree sensitive to lipase and acetone. The solubilized
      sulfatase strongly bound to ConA-Sepharose. This observation together with the
      elution by alpha-methyl mannoside were indicative of the presence of
      carbohydrates on the sulfatase. Since its enzymatic activity was markedly
      decreased by the effects of alpha-mannosidase and N-acetylglucosaminidase, a
      possible involvement of the carbohydrate moiety in the catalytic activity of the
      sulfatase might be considered.

PMID- 6594316
TI  - Granulocytic sarcoma of the hard palate: report of the first case.
AB  - A case of granulocytic sarcoma of the hard palate in an elderly woman is
      presented. The diagnosis was suspected on the basis of histologic findings in
      routine tissue sections and confirmed by cytochemical and electron microscopic
      studies. No systemic evidence of myeloid leukemia or of any other
      myeloproliferative disorder was documented in the patient, who died of an
      unrelated cause shortly after diagnosis.

PMID- 6594317
TI  - Graft-vs-host reactions induce H-2 class II gene transcription in host kidney
      cells.
AB  - To study the effect of immunologic stimuli on renal expression of Ia antigens
      (the class II products of the major histocompatibility complex), we induced acute
      graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) in mice and assessed Ia expression in the host
      kidney. Serologic absorption analyses showed that the amount of host Ia antigen
      increased up to tenfold in kidney, and immunofluorescence demonstrated that this
      increase occurred predominantly in renal tubule epithelial cells. To determine
      whether these alterations reflected changes in Ia gene transcription, we
      hybridized DNA probes for mRNAs encoding either Ia E alpha or A beta chains to
      total RNA extracted from the kidneys of normal mice and mice with acute GVHD.
      Northern hybridization blots revealed that the level of Ia mRNA expression in
      GVHD kidney is enhanced about sevenfold when compared with that found in normal
      kidney. Using the E alpha probe, this result was shown to reflect increased
      expression of C3H host Ek alpha mRNA, since the Eb alpha gene is not transcribed
      by the C57BL/6 donor strain used. We conclude that the increase in expression of
      Ia in renal tubule epithelium during GVHD probably reflects increased I-region
      gene transcription in host kidney cells. These findings may have implications for
      the pathogenesis of renal allograft rejection and immunologic renal disease.

PMID- 6594319
TI  - Influence of the peptide chain length of new elongated tuftsin analogs on
      phagocytosis process.
AB  - In this paper the synthesis of the following elongated tuftsin analogs: Arg-Thr
      Lys-Pro-Arg (1), Pro-Arg-Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg(II), Lys-Pro-Arg-Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg(III)
      and Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg(IV) by classical and solid-phase methods are
      described. The obtained peptides were tested for their biological activity:
      restoration of the phagocytosis of defected granulocytes from blood of children
      with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

PMID- 6594318
TI  - Evaluation of prednisolone and vincristine with and without L-asparaginase in
      acute lymphatic leukemia of childhood.

PMID- 6594320
TI  - The predictive power of the new genetics.

PMID- 6594321
TI  - Interpretive criteria for the agar diffusion susceptibility test with enoxacin.
AB  - Regression analyses to determine the correlation of MIC and inhibition zone
      produced by enoxacin discs were carried out using 300 freshly isolated cultures
      of infective organisms (20 strains each from 15 species). For this purpose,
      commercially available discs containing 10 micrograms enoxacin and locally made
      discs containing 5 and 10 micrograms enoxacin were used. Studies were performed
      simultaneously with I.C.S. and Kirby-Bauer methods on Iso-Sensitest and Mueller
      Hinton agars. It was found that correlation becomes poorer with increasing disc
      content and when the Kirby-Bauer method was used. Based on preliminary MIC
      breakpoints of 1 and 4 mg/l and the zone cut-off points calculated from
      regression equations, no major errors were found in zone interpretations. Minor
      errors were observed in 3.7% with our own 5 micrograms discs used in the I.C.S.
      method, and in 11.0% with 10 micrograms commercial discs and the Kirby-Bauer
      method. For 5 micrograms enoxacin discs and the Kirby-Bauer method the following
      zone interpretations are recommended: resistant up to 13 mm, intermediate 14-21
      mm, susceptible 22 mm or more. The respective values for the I.C.S. method are:
      resistant up to 14 mm, intermediate 15-22 mm, susceptible 23 mm or more.

PMID- 6594322
TI  - Enoxacin: worldwide in-vitro activity against 22451 clinical isolates.
AB  - A worldwide multicentre study involving 31 centres in eight countries was
      conducted to compare the in-vitro activity of enoxacin with that of other
      currently available antibiotics. Enoxacin was active against virtually all of the
      species of Enterobacteriaceae tested (MIC90 less than or equal to 0.25-2 mg/l).
      It was also effective at inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC90 = 2 mg/l; n =
      3540), Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis (MIC90 = 2 mg/l; n = 2635 and 837
      resp.), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (MIC90 = 4 mg/l; n = 260), Neisseria
      gonorrhoeae and Haemophilus influenzae (both MIC90 less than or equal to 0.25
      mg/l). The MIC90 for enoxacin against streptococci ranged from 8 to 32 mg/l.
      Comparison of data from Canada, West Germany, U.K., South Africa and New Zealand
      showed the MICs for enoxacin to be generally consistent throughout the world. The
      only exception was for Citrobacter freundii where the MIC90 was significantly
      higher in the U.K. than in West Germany (P less than 0.05 Mann Whitney U Test).
      Against susceptible species the activity of enoxacin was generally greater than
      that of ampicillin, gentamicin and the cephalosporins. Because of the prevalence
      of resistance to these drugs, there appears to be a continued need for new
      antibiotics with differing mechanisms of action.

PMID- 6594323
TI  - Diffusion of enoxacin into the cerebrospinal fluid in dogs with healthy meninges
      and with experimental meningitis.
AB  - After a 1 h intravenous injection of 12.5 and 25 mg/kg enoxacin in dogs with
      healthy meninges, the concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid observed between 90
      and 240 min averaged 2.6 (1.8-3.3) mg/l and 6.5 (4.7-8.4) mg/l respectively. In
      dogs with meningitis, a dosage of 12.5 mg/kg yielded a mean concentration of 4.9
      (3.1-6.4) mg/l. The concentrations obtained in dogs with healthy meninges greatly
      exceeded the MICs for meningococci and Haemophilus influenzae. In the infected
      dogs, the concentrations obtained exceeded the MICs of the most common causative
      agents of meningitis. In the dogs with healthy meninges the ratio CSF/plasma AUCs
      was 47% after 25 mg/kg and 33% after 12.5 mg/kg. In the infected dogs, the ratio
      was 67.3% after 12.5 mg/kg.

PMID- 6594324
TI  - The activity of enoxacin against clinical bacterial isolates in comparison with
      that of five other agents, and factors affecting that activity.
AB  - The activity of enoxacin against 362 clinical bacterial isolates in comparison
      with norfloxacin, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, latamoxef (moxalactam) and
      gentamicin was tested by an agar dilution method. Typical MICs for enterobacteria
      lay between 0.12 and 1.0 mg/l. Enterobacter spp. and Serratia spp. tended to be
      more resistant. Enoxacin was also active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (mean MIC
      0.5 mg/l) and highly active against fastidious Gram-negative aerobes. Typical
      MICs for Staphylococcus aureus were 1-2 mg/l while streptococci were more
      resistant (16-32 mg/l). Enoxacin had no useful activity against Bacteroides
      fragilis and Clostridium perfringens. Enoxacin was generally more active at pH 8
      than pH 6, and in broth than in urine. It was bactericidal in its action. Daily
      serial passage from growth in broth containing enoxacin caused decreased
      sensitivity which was limited to four- to 16-fold greater than the original MIC.
      Enoxacin was about half as active as norfloxacin against enterobacteria, equally
      active against staphylococci, and some two to four times less active against
      streptococci.

PMID- 6594325
TI  - Serum and sputum concentrations of enoxacin after single oral dosing in a
      clinical and bacteriological study.
AB  - Fifteen patients admitted to hospital with acute purulent exacerbations of
      chronic bronchitis were treated with enoxacin by mouth (three 200 mg capsules
      twice daily) for ten days. Sputum was cultured before, during and after the
      treatment course. Serum and sputum concentrations were measured microbiologically
      at intervals on the first treatment day. Blood was assayed before, and 1, 1 1/2,
      2, 2 1/2, 3, 5 and 7 h after the first dose and purulent unhomogenized sputum was
      tested in samples collected 0-2, 2-4, 4-6 and 6-8 h after this dose. The highest
      concentrations in serum were usually noted 2 or 2 1/2 h after the medication and
      ranged from approximately 3 to 6 mg/l (average 4.08 mg/l). The highest sputum
      concentrations were generally found in the 2-4 or 4-6 h portions, and ranged from
      2.2 to 6 mg/l (average 3.68 mg/l). The areas under the serum and sputum
      concentration-time curves were both calculated to be 17.03 mg/l.h (0-7 h values)
      whereas the projected 0-12 h values were 25.2 and 26.9 mg/l.h, respectively. The
      drug concentrations declined slowly in serum and sputum with half-lives of
      approximately 5 and 4 h. Penetration from blood to sputum as judged on peak to
      peak ratios was approximately 90%, whereas the AUC value ratios showed
      penetration ranging from 100 to 107.5%. Unfortunately, 9 of the 15 patients had
      to abandon the treatment (mostly on the third day) due to unwanted drug effects
      (principally nausea, but some patients had hallucinations, dizziness or
      epileptiform attacks) possibly related to interference with theophylline
      metabolism.

PMID- 6594326
TI  - Blastic transformation in chronic granulocytic leukaemia.

PMID- 6594327
TI  - Initiation and ontogeny of vesicles in cultured Frankia sp. strain HFPArI3.
AB  - Removal of combined nitrogen from the medium of Frankia sp. strain HFPArI3
      induced the formation of specialized structures, called vesicles, which are the
      proposed site of nitrogen fixation. After 5 to 6 h of culture on N-free medium,
      newly formed vesicles, termed provesicles, arose from the tips of some hyphae.
      These structures were spherical, phase dark, ca. 1.5 to 2.0 micron in diameter,
      and were not associated with acetylene reduction (nitrogenase) activity.
      Provesicles reached their greatest frequency after ca. 24 h of N-free culture.
      Provesicles increased in size to become mature vesicles which first appeared
      after 18 to 20 h of N-free culture. They were ca. 2.5 micron in diameter, phase
      bright, and reached their greatest frequency after 5 to 6 days, at which time
      nitrogenase activity peaked. Some vesicles eventually became damaged structurally
      and took on the appearance of ghosts. Transmission electron micrographs revealed
      an increase in size from provesicle to mature vesicle. Also evident with the
      micrographs were the presence of a septum between the young provesicle and
      parental hypha, the presence of glycogen in some young vesicles, the development
      of internal septations as vesicles matured, and the degradation of cytoplasm and
      internal septae in ghost vesicles. The extent to which the formation of vesicles
      is reversible by the addition of NH4+ was investigated. Commitment times of 3.2
      and 6.5 h were obtained for provesicles and vesicles, respectively. A
      concentration-dependent inhibition of nitrogenase by NH4+ was demonstrated. The
      structure of preexisting vesicles was also affected by addition of NH4+ to the
      culture medium.

PMID- 6594328
TI  - The dexamethasone suppression test in patients with bulimia.
AB  - In a series of 28 patients with bulimia who did not meet weight criteria for
      anorexia nervosa, 14 (50%) failed to suppress on the dexamethasone suppression
      test. Nonsuppression was not associated with degree of depression, body weight,
      or severity of abnormal eating-related behaviors. However, nonsuppression was
      associated with a higher rate of treatment for affective disorders in first
      degree family members. The utility of the DST as a biologic marker for affective
      disorder in patients with bulimia is questioned, although a substantial level of
      depressive symptomatology was documented in patients with bulimia.

PMID- 6594329
TI  - Degradation of prostaglandin E2 in a primary culture of adult rat hepatocytes.
AB  - In a primary culture of rat hepatocytes, [5,6,8,11,12,14,15-3H]prostaglandin E2
      showed maximal incorporation of radioactivity (5 to 8% of total added) into the
      whole cells at 15 to 30 min (37 degrees C) and the incorporation then decreased
      gradually. Treatment of the cells at acidic pH (at 2.5 for 10 min, 4 degrees C)
      followed by thin layer chromatographic analysis revealed that most of the
      radioactivity incorporated was associated with the cell surface and consisted of
      intact prostaglandin E2 and its metabolite(s). In the culture medium after 20 min
      incubation, the concentration of prostaglandin E2 had decreased by approximately
      50% and its metabolite(s) appeared. However, incubation of [1-14C]prostaglandin
      E2 under the same culture conditions led to intracellular incorporation of
      radioactivity; more than 30% of radioactivity accumulated during a 2 to 3 h
      incubation period, but it was not in the form of either intact prostaglandin E2
      or the metabolite corresponding to that of [5,6,8,11,12,14,15-3H]prostaglandin
      E2. These results indicate that prostaglandin E2 was associated with the surface
      of cultured hepatocytes and degraded into at least two metabolites. The fragment
      containing 14C-labeled terminal COOH was incorporated into the intracellular
      fraction and the residual fragment consisting mostly of the 3H-labeled portion
      was released from the cell surface into culture medium.

PMID- 6594330
TI  - Study of the ductal epithelial cell component of human labial salivary glands in
      vitro.
AB  - Salivary gland cultures were propagated from primary explant cultures of 55 human
      labial gland biopsies. Cultures were maintained for at least 7 days in 199 medium
      plus 20% newborn calf serum and growth measured at this time both by cell
      counting and planimetry of the area. Ductal cell population identification was
      undertaken on the basis of an intra-cellular function, the latter being the
      histochemical detection of the enzyme 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
      Epithelioid cell lines were derived by enzymatic and mechanical means. Non
      invasive quantitation of the proportion of ductal epithelial cells present in
      primary explant cultures, and derived cell lines, was attempted using a
      radioimmunoassay to detect conversion in the media of cortisol to cortisone. The
      cell lines were terminated after undergoing 18 passages over 20 weeks. By this
      time the epithelioid morphology of cells could no longer be equated to a
      differentiated epithelial cell origin since conversion of cortisol to cortisone
      in the growth media no longer occurred.

PMID- 6594331
TI  - An histological investigation of invaginated human incisors.
AB  - The outlines of the invaginations resembled bottles with narrow necks directed at
      the incisal edge of the teeth. It is proposed that this form is genetically
      predetermined and that an active or passive infolding gives rise to the
      invaginations. In one case investigated out of six, an interruption of the dentin
      layer, surrounding the invagination, was found. This could become a susceptible
      site for post-eruptive bacterial invasion. In all cases, considerable amounts of
      enamel with normal structure were found in the invagination. The centrally
      positioned connective tissue was richly supplied with blood vessels and lined
      with layers of epithelial tissue, demonstrating various stages of an involutive
      enamel organ.

PMID- 6594332
TI  - Biosynthesis of tooth germ proteins in vitro: a fast quantitative extraction of
      amelogenins from intact hamster molar tooth germs.
AB  - A three step extraction procedure was carried out on intact hamster molar tooth
      germs in vitro labelled with 32PO4 and/or 3H-proline, in order to quantify
      separately the synthesis of dentine matrix (collagen) and the proline rich enamel
      matrix proteins. The extraction was based on the high solubility of the proline
      rich enamel matrix proteins compared with the relatively insoluble dentine matrix
      collagens. Pretreatment with 10% trichloroacetic acid (step 1) demineralized and
      removed the non-incorporated amino acids and/or small sized peptides. A
      consecutive water extraction (step 2) removed a large percentage of the
      phosphorylated amelogenins as assessed by SDS-urea-polyacrylamide-electrophoresis
      and amino acid analyses. Collagenase digestibility data showed that only small
      amounts of collagens were present in this extract. Further extraction with 10%
      formic acid (step 3) released only small amounts of amelogenins from the explants
      but also increased contamination with collagens and another predominantly low
      molecular components. Most of the 3H-activity remaining in the residues was found
      in the collagenase labile material and was considered to be an appropriate
      measure for production of dentine collagens. On the other hand, the residues also
      contained small amounts of 3H-labelled material with the same electrophoretic
      mobility as amelogenins but had much more 32P-activity than the amelogenins
      derived from the water and formic acid extracts. It is suggested that this
      material in the residues probably contains the crystal bound enamel matrix
      proteins.

PMID- 6594333
TI  - [Cellular changes at the level of the outer enamel epithelium during
      vascularization of the enamel organ in the rat].
AB  - In the albinos rat, at day 20 in utero, the outer epithelial layer of the first
      molar is depressed by numerous capillaries. The mesenchymal cells of the follicle
      present cytoplasmic extensions which are in close relationship with the basement
      lamina of the external epithelial layer with fibrillar material adherent to the
      basement lamina. The endothelial cells of the capillaries also present
      cytoplasmic extensions in contact with the basement lamina. At day 21 in utero,
      the capillaries penetrate deeply into the stellate reticulum. The fact that the
      epithelium which surrounds the capillaries is separated from the latter by a
      basement membrane indicates that the vascular penetration induces a very deep
      invagination of the epithelium and the basement membrane. This vascular
      penetration could play a role in the transport of precursors towards the
      secretory ameloblasts. The mesenchymal and endothelial tissues of the capillaries
      could have an inductive role on the external epithelial layer through the
      basement membrane, leading to a disorganization of the enamel organ.

PMID- 6594334
TI  - Ultrastructure (SEM) of dentine bridging in the human dental pulp.
AB  - This study was designed to investigate by SEM the ultrastructure of the dentinal
      bridge formed upon pulp capping and its attachment to the contiguous dentinal
      walls. The pulps of 20 sound premolars and third molars were deliberately exposed
      and capped with a calcium hydroxide paste, Pulpdent. After 4 to 15 weeks the
      teeth were extracted. SEM observations suggested complete bridging, increasing in
      thickness after succeeding postoperative periods. Cross-sections of the specimens
      older than 6 weeks showed the presence of three different layers within the
      bridges: the superior amorphous layer was composed of tissue debris and Ca(OH)2,
      in the medial portion a coarse meshwork of fibers was identified as fibrodentine
      and the pulpal aspects exhibited tubularlike orthodentinal structures. The bridge
      attachment was secured by bundles of fibres linking the intertubular dentine of
      the pulpal walls with the dentine of the neodentinal bridge.

PMID- 6594335
TI  - Correlation between some salivary tests, oral hygiene and caries in children.
AB  - gn 137 children whose ages varied from 2-14 years, salivary tests and oral
      hygiene levels were determined for boys and girls separately. Only the
      unstimulated flow (flow 1) differed significantly between boys and girls. For the
      initiation and further development of new caries lesions more precise definitions
      were used in which the results were corrected for number of teeth present and for
      the time interval between the observations. The caries scores for all children
      together were correlated with the several salivary test results as well as with
      oral hygiene levels. The initiation of caries was correlated with oral hygiene as
      well as with the Snyder test. The further development of caries correlated almost
      significantly with the inorganic composition of the saliva alone. No correlation
      was found between the initiation and the further development of caries.

PMID- 6594336
TI  - [The mineral phase of Malherbe's calcifying tumor].
AB  - The mineral phase of a calcified tumour of Malherbe (pilomatrixoma) was studied
      using microradiography, chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction. It was compared
      with the mineral phase of a piece of human mandibular bone from a matched subject
      with respect to age and sex. The main part of the mineral phase of the
      pilomatrixoma belonged to the biological apatite system; an additional
      whitlockite phase was found. In the homogeneous areas of the tumour, the
      radioopacity was similar to that of bone.

PMID- 6594337
TI  - Influence of 3-methoxy 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavan (ME) on experimental
      periodontitis in the golden hamster.
AB  - Experimental periodontal disease was induced in golden hamsters by feeding the
      animals with a Keyes 2 000 diet. The aim of the present study was to investigate
      the effect of 3-methoxy 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavan (ME), a flavanoid
      derivative, on periodontally induced changes by this diet which was fed ad
      libitum to half of the animals for 2 months prior to the start of drug therapy.
      The animals were then divided into 4 groups: A) control animals on normal diet;
      B) ME-treated (200 mg/kg 3 times a week i.p.) animals on normal diet; C) animals
      on Keyes 2 000 diet; D) ME-treated (200 mg/kg 3 times a week i.p.) animals on
      Keyes 2 000 diet. ME inhibited the diminution of bone volume as measured
      morphometrically. The growth of dental plaque as evaluated by a sensitive index
      (PII) appeared to be retarded by ME. The average PII in the ME-treated animals
      reached after 2 months of diet remained unchanged during the drug therapy period
      (4 months); whereas it was significantly increased in the group C hamsters. The
      biochemical data further suggest that the resorption process of the alveolar bone
      was decreased by ME.

PMID- 6594338
TI  - Extracellular ATP induces ion fluxes and inhibits growth of Friend
      erythroleukemia cells.
AB  - Extracellular ATP (1 mM) inhibited the growth of Friend virus-infected murine
      erythroleukemia cells (MEL cells) but had no effect on dimethyl sulfoxide-induced
      differentiation. ATP (1 mM) also caused changes in the permeability of MEL cells
      to ions. There was an increased influx of 45Ca2+ from a basal level of 5 pmol/min
      to 18 pmol/min/10(6) cells to achieve a 2-fold increase in steady-state Ca2+ as
      measured at isotopic equilibration. Ca2+ influx was blocked by
      diisothiocyanostilbene disulfonate (DIDS), an inhibitor of anion transport. ATP
      also stimulated Cl- uptake, and this flux was inhibited by DIDS. The ratio of ATP
      stimulated Cl- to Ca2+ uptake was 1.6:1. K+ and Na+ influx were also stimulated
      by ATP, but phosphate uptake was inhibited; the Na+ influx dissipated the Na+
      gradient and thus inhibited nutrient uptake. ATP-stimulated K+ influx was ouabain
      inhibitable; however, the total cellular K+ decreased due to an ATP-stimulated
      ouabain-resistant K+ efflux. Na+ influx and Ca2+ influx occurred by separate
      independent routes, since Na+ influx was not inhibited by DIDS. The effects
      observed were specific for ATP *K1/2 MgATP = 0.7 mM) since AMP, GTP, adenosine,
      and the slowly hydrolyzable ATP analogue adenyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate were
      without effect. The major ionic changes in the cell were a decrease in K+ and
      increase in Na+; cytoplasmic pH and free Ca2+ did not change appreciably. These
      ATP-induced changes in ion flux are considered to be responsible for growth
      inhibition.

PMID- 6594339
TI  - Synthetic peptides including acidic clusters as substrates and inhibitors of rat
      liver casein kinase TS (type-2).
AB  - The hexapeptides AcSer-Glu-Glu-Glu-Val-Glu and Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Glu-Glu,
      reminiscent of the sites phosphorylated by type-2 casein kinase TS in troponin T
      and glycogen synthase, respectively, have been synthesized and tested as
      phosphorylatable substrates for casein kinase TS as well as for other protein
      kinases. Both peptides are readily phosphorylated by casein kinase TS but not, to
      any detectable extent, by either cAMP-dependent protein kinase or phosphorylase
      kinase. Phosphorylation by type-1 casein kinase S was almost negligible. On the
      other hand the hexapeptide Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ala-Ala is phosphorylated much more
      slowly and the hexapeptide Ser-Glu-Glu-Ala-Ala-Ala is almost unaffected by casein
      kinase TS. While the Vmax values of casein kinase TS with the acidic hexapeptides
      are comparable to those obtained with the corresponding protein substrates, the
      apparent Km values for the peptides are about two orders of magnitude higher than
      those for the protein substrates. The heptapeptide Arg-Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Val-Glu is
      a very poor substrate of casein kinase TS in comparison with the corresponding
      hexapeptide lacking the N-terminal Arg; it is, however, a competitive inhibitor
      toward the protein substrates, exhibiting a Ki similar to those of Ser-Glu-Glu
      Glu-Glu-Glu and (Glu)5 which, in turn, are one order of magnitude higher than
      that of (Glu)10. It is concluded that the minimum structural requirement of type
      2 casein kinases consists of a phosphorylatable residue followed by an acidic
      cluster, whose length is critical for the binding to the enzyme. Additional
      residues on the N-terminal side are not required, but their nature can influence
      the transphosphorylation reaction considerably.

PMID- 6594340
TI  - Osteosarcoma in association with total hip replacement.
AB  - The occurrence of an osteosarcoma at the site of a cobalt-chrome total hip
      replacement is described, and the possibility of the tumour arising as a result
      of the liberation of cobalt particles is discussed. The experimental and clinical
      evidence relating tumour formation to the presence of particulate metals, and to
      the presence of solid and particulate polyethylene, is presented. It is
      considered that the risk of tumour formation at the site of any total hip
      replacement is very small.

PMID- 6594341
TI  - Lectin receptor proximity on HL-60 leukemia cells determined by fluorescence
      energy transfer using flow cytometry.
AB  - Fluorescence energy transfer using flow cytometric measurements was utilized to
      determine the proximity of concanavalin A receptors on the surface of HL-60
      promyelocytic leukemia cells before and after induction of differentiation. The
      HL-60 cells were induced to differentiate into granulocytes using
      dimethylsulfoxide and into macrophages using 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13
      acetate. Concanavalin A was labeled with either fluorescein (donor chromophore)
      or tetramethylrhodamine (acceptor chromophore), and these species were used to
      determine lectin proximity. With granulocytic differentiation, the amount of
      concanavalin A bound remained constant, but a decrease in receptor density was
      observed. During macrophage differentiation, however, both receptor density and
      receptor number increased. The increase in concanavalin A binding during
      differentiation appears to be a result of maturation rather than an initiating
      event.

PMID- 6594342
TI  - Assay of doxorubicin and 4'-epidoxorubicin by reversed-phase ion-pair
      chromatography.

PMID- 6594343
TI  - Effective steel ligation for lingual appliances.

PMID- 6594344
TI  - Orthodontic application of the mandibular kinesiograph. Part 1.

PMID- 6594345
TI  - Orthodontic office design. Developing a floor plan.

PMID- 6594346
TI  - The K test and the condylar test.

PMID- 6594347
TI  - Upper first molar extractions.

PMID- 6594348
TI  - Orthodontic application of the mandibular kinesiograph. Part 2.

PMID- 6594349
TI  - The Crickett appliance.

PMID- 6594350
TI  - Understanding patients as consumers.

PMID- 6594352
TI  - Biphenotypic leukemia in treated Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 6594351
TI  - Bone marrow fibre content in acute myeloid leukaemia before and after treatment.
AB  - Bone marrow fibre content was studied in 34 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia
      at presentation and subsequently after chemotherapy and at complete remission.
      The findings indicate that: some degree of marrow fibrosis is present in about
      one third of the patients with acute myeloid leukaemia at presentation; effective
      antileukaemia treatment may result in reversal of marrow fibrosis; and increase
      in marrow fibre content at diagnosis does not affect haemopoietic regeneration
      after treatment and achievement of complete remission.

PMID- 6594353
TI  - Reproducibility of pocket depth and attachment level measurements when using a
      flexible splint.
AB  - Pocket depth, attachment level and bone level assessments were carried out using
      flexible splints to produce readily identifiable reference points and to
      standardize the probing spot and the direction of probe insertion. The pocket
      depth and attachment level measurements were carried out twice at intervals of 3
      weeks, both before and 3 months after periodontal treatment. The level of
      alveolar bone was measured by transgingival probing ("sounding") and again
      following elevation of a mucoperiosteal flap. The measurements were made with a
      periodontal probe to the nearest higher millimeter. Complete agreement was found
      between the first and second measurements of pocket depths and attachment level
      for approximately 60% of the examined surfaces, both before and after periodontal
      treatment. A deviation of 1 mm or less was found for approximately 95% of the
      surfaces, and the difference between the first and second measurement never
      exceeded 3 mm. When transgingival probing measurements were compared to the
      measurements of the periodontal bone level assessed after elevation of a
      mucoperiosteal flap, complete agreement was found for 60% of the surfaces, and a
      deviation of 1 mm or less was found for 90% of the surfaces. No discrepancy
      exceeding 3 mm was observed. The results of this study indicate that readily
      identifiable reference points can be produced by flexible splints in assessments
      of pocket depth, attachment level and bone level alterations in studies on the
      effect of periodontal treatment.

PMID- 6594354
TI  - Toothbrushing frequency in 4 consecutive studies of Finnish adolescents.
AB  - This study aimed at analyzing the pattern of toothbrushing frequency over a
      period of 2 years in a group of Finnish adolescents. Data for this study were
      collected from 4 questionnaires distributed to a sample of adolescents born in
      1960, 1962, and 1964. Subjects were divided into 4 groups according to their
      reported toothbrushing frequencies. Half of the subjects remained in the same
      category of brushing frequency (in 3 categories) during the consecutive studies.
      Among those having changed the frequency (54%), changing to a better
      toothbrushing frequency was more common among girls than among boys.

PMID- 6594355
TI  - Evaluation of cause-related periodontal therapy and compliance with maintenance
      care recommendations.
AB  - An evaluation of the long-term clinical effects of an intense period of cause
      related periodontal therapy provided by dental hygiene students, was made in
      patients with moderately advanced periodontitis. By the evaluation, we also
      intended to gain information about compliance with given recommendations for
      periodontal health maintenance. The results after 3 years without supervision by
      the specialist team showed that achieved beneficial effects on the gingival
      conditions were maintained despite a significant increase in plaque prevalence.
      Recommendations as to the daily use of a variety of additional oral hygienic
      measures besides toothbrushing met with a considerable lack of compliance.
      Maintenance visits to the referring general practitioner were mostly made once a
      year and included regular dental care. Despite this, no further deterioration of
      periodontal status was observed. The results indicate that it may be possible to
      maintain successful effects of periodontal therapy in this patient category with
      less personal and professional effort than traditionally recommended.

PMID- 6594356
TI  - Development and validation of a test for bulimia.

PMID- 6594357
TI  - Cephalometric study of American black children with sickle-cell disease.
AB  - The effects of sickle-cell disease on skeletal maturation are well documented.
      The objective of this study was to investigate the possible effects of sickle
      cell disease on the growth of the dentofacial complex. The results of this study
      indicated that: The sickle-cell group seems to have a more protrusive maxilla and
      a more forward growth tendency of the mandible. The group also exhibited
      significantly retruded maxillary and mandibular incisors.

PMID- 6594358
TI  - An innovative approach to working with parents.

PMID- 6594359
TI  - First encounter of child and dentist: an analysis of the introductory session.

PMID- 6594360
TI  - Shell teeth affecting a child patient: report of a rare dental anomaly.

PMID- 6594361
TI  - Multifocal cystic hygroma: report of case.

PMID- 6594362
TI  - Behavior and nutrition: a mini review.
AB  - The finding that there is an effect upon measurements relevant to school
      performance, depending on whether or not the child had breakfast that morning,
      may seem trivial and like common sense to any parent who has had to remind their
      child not to leave for school without breakfast. Yet, it is an example of a
      hypothesis finally being tested. Caffeine in children and adults tends to
      increase vigilance. Differences in caffeine effects are seen among different
      personality types and among those who self-select high or low amounts of the
      stimulant in their diets. There is no clear behavioral toxicity from caffeine in
      normal children. Those self-selecting selecting high caffeine diets generally do
      not seem to get negative effects. Whether most other beliefs about behavioral
      effects of foods and nutrients are facts or myths still needs to be determined.
      Until adequate scientific evidence is collected, individual beliefs about sugar,
      hyperactivity and crime must remain only beliefs, regardless of how strongly
      public policy may or may not endorse them. At this time, there is no proven
      causal relationship. More studies with adequate design details are needed to
      assess behavioral toxicity as well as the benefit/risk ratio of any dietary
      manipulation.

PMID- 6594363
TI  - [Healing of periapical tissue after nonsurgical endodontic treatment in teeth
      with large periapical lesions].

PMID- 6594364
TI  - [The application of commercial mercury in dental usage].

PMID- 6594365
TI  - [The urinary mercury level in dental students and dentists].

PMID- 6594366
TI  - [Dental needs of the Alum people in Bangkok from the professional viewpoint].

PMID- 6594367
TI  - Salivary clearance of sugar and its effects on pH changes by Streptococcus mitior
      in an artificial mouth.
AB  - We recently developed a computer model of oral sugar clearance (Dawes, 1983), and
      an artificial mouth has now been constructed which will allow variation in the
      salivary parameters identified in the model and the study of their effects on
      bacterial acid production. Using a thin layer of S. mitior, strain 572, over a
      miniature Sb electrode to measure bacterial pH changes during sugar clearance
      from the "mouth", we found that three consecutive sets of "Stephan curves" could
      be obtained with the same bacteria during one day. In each of several
      experimental series, one salivary parameter was varied, while other parameters
      were held constant. The maximum pH decrease and the surface area of the
      registered Stephan curve (delta pH.min) were used as measures of acid production.
      The results indicate that the volume of "saliva" in the mouth before and after
      swallowing, the unstimulated salivary flow rate, and the buffer capacity had
      significant influences on the extent of the pH changes. Other factors, such as
      the maximum flow rate, the delay between start of stimulation and maximum flow,
      the volume of saliva in the mouth at time zero, and the taste threshold for
      sugar, were of lesser importance, confirming some predictions from the computer
      model.

PMID- 6594368
TI  - Topical fluoride application and lesion progression in vitro.
AB  - The objectives of this investigation were to study the effects of topical
      fluoride application on white spot enamel and the effect that this application
      would have on a second acid exposure (lesion progression). Artificial white spot
      lesions of approximately 200 micron were created with an acidified gel technique,
      central control sections were removed, and the remaining tooth halves were
      randomly paired, with one half serving as an untreated control while the other
      received a single four-minute application of 1.23% (w/v) fluoride solution of
      either NH4F, Na2SnF6, APF, or TiF4. Both tooth halves were sectioned following
      progression and examined with polarized light microscopy. Lesion depth, internal
      pore volume, and presence, size and shape of dark zones were determined. The
      considerable variation among progressed lesions revealed no significant benefit
      from any topical fluoride treatment.

PMID- 6594369
TI  - Fracture properties of human teeth in proximity to the dentinoenamel junction.
AB  - Under conditions of controlled failure, the fracture properties of dentin at and
      in proximity to the dentinoenamel junction (DEJ) were studied with a work-of
      fracture (Wf) technique and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In 37 degrees
      C distilled water, fracture of normal human teeth at the DEJ was a difficult
      failure mode to investigate. Even with high stress concentration at the DEJ, only
      a few specimens showed apparent DEJ failure at localized regions. SEM
      fractography of these localized regions revealed surfaces similar in some
      respects to surfaces found in other studies of the DEJ of diseased teeth and
      decalcified or desiccated teeth. SEM fractographs varied depending upon the
      distance of the fractured surface from the DEJ. The results of this research
      suggest that the work of fracture of dentin increases for failure in the near
      vicinity of the DEJ, probably reaching a maximum at the DEJ.

PMID- 6594370
TI  - Effect of splint placement on black-pigmented Bacteroides and spirochetes in the
      dental plaque of beagle dogs.
AB  - The gingival microbiota in beagle dogs was investigated during a period of 42
      days after the placement of continuous wire and arch bar splints. The splints
      were found to induce an increase in helicoidal-shaped micro-organisms and black
      pigmented Bacteroides. Two different asaccharolytic Bacteroides types were
      isolated and tentatively identified as B. gingivalis and B. asaccharolyticus. In
      addition, B. intermedius-like organisms were isolated. The last two species were
      observed only after splint placement. The local accumulation of helicoidal-shaped
      micro-organisms in the epithelial tissue rather than in the micro-ulcerations was
      regarded as an indication of an active role for these spirochetes in the disease
      process. The observed shift toward tissue-invading and potentially pathogenic
      micro-organisms after splinting stresses the need for antimicrobial measures
      during splint placement in order to minimize periodontal destruction.

PMID- 6594371
TI  - Somatotopic organization and transmedian pathways of the rat trigeminal ganglion.
AB  - The localization of neuronal cell bodies in the trigeminal ganglion for the
      pulpal nerves of incisors and first and second molars in the rat was determined
      by utilization of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase.
      Transmedian labeling was found with all teeth, but labeling was greater in the
      ipsilateral ganglion.

PMID- 6594373
TI  - Three-dimensional measurements of the occlusal surfaces of upper molars in a
      Dutch population.
AB  - The occlusal surfaces of the first upper molars of a Dutch population were
      measured three-dimensionally by moire contourography. Cusps and ridges were
      higher than those of a Japanese population, but distances between cuspal tips
      were smaller. Differences in occlusal form may influence jaw movements in the two
      populations.

PMID- 6594372
TI  - Screening of sugars inhibitory against sucrose-dependent synthesis and adherence
      of insoluble glucan and acid production by Streptococcus mutans.
AB  - Various sucrose derivatives and a sucrose analogue were enzymatically synthesized
      on the assumption that structural similarities of the sugars to sucrose would
      endow them with an ability to inhibit the cariogenicity of sucrose. The effect of
      these sugars on sucrose-dependent synthesis and adherence of insoluble glucan and
      on acid fermentation of sucrose by Streptococcus mutans was examined in vitro.
      Although none of them inhibited the acid fermentation, several sugars not only
      inhibited the synthesis and adherence of insoluble glucan, but were themselves
      only slightly fermented as well.

PMID- 6594374
TI  - Crown area as an indicator of changing crown size in human pre-natal teeth.
AB  - This study deals with correlations of tooth size in human primary teeth.
      Traditionally, mesiodistal or buccolingual measurements have been used to express
      crown size. However, in this study, crown area was used as a reference parameter.
      Graphic reconstructions of 38 histologically prepared human fetuses with Crown
      Rump Length (CRL) between 54 and 280 mm were used to obtain linear and area
      measurements. Based on clinical records and physical examinations, these fetuses
      were considered typical-for-age, or "normal". Correlation matrices indicated high
      levels of concordance among all developing deciduous tooth crowns and arch
      measurements. It was concluded that crown area is a statistically better trait to
      use in comparison of teeth rather than the traditional mesiodistal measurement.

PMID- 6594375
TI  - Frequency-dependent modulation of rhythmic human jaw movements.
AB  - Modulation of jaw movement patterns by alteration of the chewing rhythm was
      analyzed in nine subjects. Jaw movements were monitored by an electronic
      transducer system. The subjects were asked to chew gum either at voluntarily
      determined rates or at rates guided by a light flash that varied from 2 to 7 Hz
      at 1-Hz intervals. The results can be summarized as follows: Chewing was
      generally conducted at rates below 3 Hz when the rhythm was voluntarily
      determined. When the rhythm was guided, however, the maximum chewing rate could
      occasionally be raised up to 6 Hz; the duration of the chewing cycle was more
      closely related to changes in the duration of the opening and occlusion phases
      than to that of the closing phase; at chewing rates below 3 Hz, the maximum gape
      did not appreciably change with the chewing rhythm, while it decreased linearly
      at rates above 3 Hz; and at chewing rates below 3 Hz, the jaw opening velocity
      increased with speed of chewing, whereas it decreased or sometimes fluctuated
      over a wide range at rates above 3 Hz. It is concluded that, during normal
      mastication at rates below 3 Hz, chewing rhythm is altered by changing both the
      velocity of jaw opening and the duration of the occlusion phase.

PMID- 6594376
TI  - Intermediate restoratives from n-hexyl vanillate-EBA-ZnO-glass composites.
AB  - Vanillate esters such as n-hexyl vanillate (HV) dissolved in a suitable chelating
      agent - e.g., o-ethoxybenzoic acid (EBA) - react with zinc oxide, aluminum oxide,
      and hydrogenated rosin powder to yield non-eugenol-containing cements that do not
      inhibit polymerization and are compatible with acrylic monomers. These cements
      can be modified by adding methyl methacrylate, or the less-volatile, higher
      molecular-weight dicyclopentenyloxyethyl, or cyclohexyl methacrylate to the HV
      EBA liquid, and silanized glass to the powder. On incorporating a suitable
      initiator-accelerator system, one can prepare powder-liquid mixes that have good
      working properties and harden in five to 10 min. The cured materials containing
      monomethacrylate ingredients have compressive and tensile strength one and one
      half to three times that of eugenol-based intermediate restoratives. Cements with
      even better mechanical properties are obtained using dimethacrylates as monomeric
      components. Storage stability of the liquids comprising vanillates-EBA and
      monomethacrylates is excellent. The vanillate-EBA-dimethacrylate liquid
      containing amine accelerators polymerizes within days when left standing at 45
      degrees C. The cement composites adhere strongly to composites, non-precious
      metals, or porcelains. Rupture of the bond occurs cohesively within the cement.
      Because of their high strength, low solubility, and excellent adhesion, these
      cements, subject to their biocompatibility with dental tissues, show great
      promise as intermediate restorative resins and in the repair of fractured
      porcelain or porcelain-to-metal crowns and bridges.

PMID- 6594377
TI  - Oxide compounds on Ni-Cr alloys.
AB  - Five Ni-Cr alloys were studied in order to identify the compounds formed on the
      alloy surface during oxidation under conditions similar to those encountered
      during dental laboratory procedures prior to application of porcelain. After the
      alloys were oxidized, the films covering the surfaces were removed with the aid
      of a Br-methanol solution. X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the compounds
      formed. Oxides of nearly all elements contained by the alloys were found after
      low-temperature (650 degrees C) oxidation, while NiO and particularly Cr2O3 were
      predominant after oxidation at high temperatures (1000 degrees C).

PMID- 6594378
TI  - Dental student recruitment.
AB  - A seven-step student recruitment program employed in a dental school is
      described. The program comprises (1) a marketing survey, (2) a plan based upon
      information derived from the survey, (3) recruiting materials, (4) a "Recruitment
      Partners" program using alumni throughout the state, (5) publicity in state high
      schools and colleges, (6) recruiting in target high schools and colleges, and (7)
      a mailing list for follow-up with prospective applicants. The initial response to
      the program has been encouraging. The recruiting materials have been well
      received, more than 100 alumni dentists are now serving as active Recruitment
      Partners and are using the recruiting materials in their local high schools and
      colleges, and over 300 reply cards have been received from interested high
      schools and college students. A final evaluation of the program in three years
      will assess its impact on the number of dental school applicants.

PMID- 6594379
TI  - Four years' experience with a fellowship program for dental quality studies.
AB  - A fellowship program of small grants to support students' research has been
      conducted for several years as a means of attracting beginning investigators to
      the field of dental quality assurance. Experience with the program yielded
      several observations that may be useful in similar endeavors. Recruitment of
      research manpower to a new problem area is possible in a relatively short period
      of time, and at modest cost when the targeted population is students in training
      institutions, and when the grants program uses volunteers, has frequent cycles,
      provides applicants with rapid turn-around, and takes advantage of the extensive
      communication network available to dentistry. A general small grants program with
      these features would benefit dental research.

PMID- 6594380
TI  - Mental imagery and intraoral local anesthesia.
AB  - This study was designed to determine whether mental imagery ability improves
      through mental practice, and whether mental imagery practice can help students
      learn to administer intraoral local anesthetics. Pre- and post-test measures of
      imagery ability and first and final measures of performance in local anesthetic
      administration were examined in dental hygiene students. Results indicated a
      significant increase in mean scores for the Gordon Test of Imagery Control from
      pre- to post-test within the experimental group. Although there was a trend
      toward higher mean performance scores for the experimental subjects, they
      performed significantly better than the controls only on the posterior superior
      alveolar nerve block. There were, however, significant correlations between
      imagery ability and clinical performance for the combined groups. Mental imagery
      ability improved with practice and appeared to assist in learning the technique
      of intraoral local anesthetic administration.

PMID- 6594381
TI  - The effects of continuing education in dental practice management.
AB  - A representative sample of 122 Washington State general dental practices received
      continuing education in the efficient utilization of auxiliaries. Dentist and
      staff attended a two-day workshop where goals for change in delegation to
      auxiliaries, scheduling, and communication were developed. The continuing dental
      education was individualized, required the practice to set explicit goals for
      change, involved both the dentist and staff in the decision-making process, and
      included in-office follow-up and consulting. Evaluation of the course's effects
      demonstrated that such a course in practice management can have a positive effect
      on delegation to auxiliaries, practice output, and dentist income. Degree of
      participation varied considerably across the 113 practices that completed the
      continuing education. The positive results of the training were dependent upon
      the practice implementing the goals for organizational change that it had set.
      The effects of the continuing education take time to become apparent and are
      sequential with changes in delegation to auxiliaries occurring first and
      increases in volume of services and income occurring later.

PMID- 6594382
TI  - Clinic simulation and preclinical performance.
AB  - The physical environment in which dental students learn preclinical skills has
      been a focus of attention recently; the effect of this variable on practical
      examination performance by first-year students in a preclinical dentistry course
      was examined. In a controlled, two-part experiment, students doing preclinical
      work in the clinic did not perform significantly better on practical examinations
      than students working in a typical laboratory environment. Other factors such as
      enthusiasm, motivation, satisfaction, operator comfort, long-term productivity,
      and exposure to the clinical environment prior to patient treatment are important
      dimensions of the preclinical experience; the effect of the environment on these
      factors should be examined.

PMID- 6594383
TI  - Practice management instruction in North American dental schools 1983-84.

PMID- 6594384
TI  - Practice plans and trends among dental school seniors.

PMID- 6594385
TI  - Polymerization of visible light cured composites with a fiberoptic handpiece.

PMID- 6594386
TI  - HLA antigens in Greek patients with thyrotoxicosis (Graves' disease and toxic
      nodular goiter).
AB  - HLA-A and B-antigens were tested by a standard microlymphocytotoxicity technique
      in 126 controls and 225 thyrotoxic patients of Greek origin [173 with Graves'
      disease and 52 with toxic nodular goiter (TNG)]. We found: i) an increased
      frequency of HLA-B8 (21.4% versus 7.1%) and a decreased frequency of HLA-B12
      (2.9% versus 18.2%) in Graves' disease when compared with controls; ii) no
      differences in the distribution of HLA-A, -B antigens in TNG, when compared with
      either controls or Graves' disease. These findings suggest that the associations
      between HLA-A, -B antigens and Graves' disease in Greek patients are similar to
      those reported in other caucasians. The absence of any correlation between HLA-A,
      -B and TNG provides additional laboratory evidence that TNG and Graves' disease
      represent different entities.

PMID- 6594388
TI  - The influence of TMJ and central incisor sensory impairment on bite force
      discrimination.

PMID- 6594387
TI  - Loa loa: the use of a blood cell separator to reduce microfilaraemia before
      specific chemotherapy.
AB  - Three years after returning to the U.K. a 58-year-old British engineer, who had
      worked in the Nigerian oilfields for 24 years, was found to have Loa loa. His
      midday microfilarial count ranged between 12 X 10(6) and 16 X 10(6) parasites per
      litre. Before starting treatment, I litre of leucocyte/platelet-rich plasma was
      removed by means of a blood cell separator. Six intermittent cycles of blood
      separation were performed during a single 4-h session around midday in order to
      coincide with the period of maximum microfilarial presence in the peripheral
      circulation. This resulted in a 50% reduction of the microfilaraemia. Where
      facilities for blood cell separation are available, this procedure, together with
      appropriate chemotherapy, should be particularly beneficial in the management of
      heavy filarial infections.

PMID- 6594389
TI  - A graphic and statistical analysis of the chewing movements in function and
      dysfunction.

PMID- 6594390
TI  - Anatomy of the TMJ articular eminence before and after surgical reduction.

PMID- 6594391
TI  - Electronic acupuncture and cold laser therapy as adjuncts to pain treatment.

PMID- 6594392
TI  - Transcranial radiography: correlation between actual and radiographic joint
      spaces.

PMID- 6594393
TI  - The role of clinical psychology in the treatment of craniomandibular disorders.

PMID- 6594394
TI  - Postsurgical TMJ arthrography.

PMID- 6594395
TI  - Transcranial radiographs.

PMID- 6594396
TI  - Orthodontic treatment and condylar displacement.

PMID- 6594397
TI  - Computed tomography for diagnosing temporomandibular joint disk displacement.

PMID- 6594398
TI  - A computer-based system for measuring the masseteric silent period.

PMID- 6594399
TI  - Orthodontic/orthopedic treatment of craniomandibular pain dysfunction. Part 3:
      anterior condylar displacement.

PMID- 6594400
TI  - Long-term results of meniscectomy of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6594401
TI  - Mandibular limitation due to bilateral coronoid enlargement: management by
      surgery and physical therapy.

PMID- 6594402
TI  - Manipulative medicine in dentistry: a new potential for diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 6594403
TI  - Occupational cervicobrachial disorder and temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

PMID- 6594404
TI  - Severe mandibular trauma in a 42-year-old man.

PMID- 6594405
TI  - Glossodynia: a case report.

PMID- 6594406
TI  - [A histological study on osteosarcoma. Part I: Relationship between modes of
      osteoid formation and differentiation of tumor cells].
AB  - This study was undertaken to clarify whether the osteoid forming activity seen in
      osteosarcoma can be used as an index to show the degree of differentiation of the
      tumor. Twenty six human osteosarcomas which had been amputated in our clinics
      were used in this study. The whole slice of the primary tumor was stained by HE
      and Masson stain. The following observations were microscopically made in the
      peripheral, transitional and central part of the tumor; 1) the content and
      maturity of osteoid, 2) the degree of polymorphism and mitotic activity of the
      tumor cells. In 13 out of 26 cases, the amount and maturity of osteoid gradually
      increased toward the center of the tumor. On the other hand, the degree of
      polymorphism and mitotic activity of tumor cells in these cases gradually
      decreased toward the center. Mitotic activity in the center of the tumor
      decreased to about half of the peripheral part. The clinical courses of these 13
      cases were milder than those in which the gradual increase of the amount and
      maturity of osteoid toward the center of the tumor were not observed. These
      results showed that zone formation of osteoid maturity in osteosarcoma can be
      used as an index to show the degree of differentiation of the tumor.

PMID- 6594407
TI  - [Periodontal considerations in porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations].

PMID- 6594408
TI  - [Periodontal considerations with crowns and bridges].

PMID- 6594409
TI  - [Periodontal considerations in removable partial dentures].

PMID- 6594410
TI  - [The prevention and treatment of gingival and periodontal diseases related to
      dental restorations].

PMID- 6594411
TI  - [Clinical pathology conference. Mandibular angiosarcoma].

PMID- 6594412
TI  - [A study on the maxillary median diastema (III)].

PMID- 6594413
TI  - Comment on importance of renal prostaglandins in control of renal function after
      chronic ligation of the common bile duct in dogs.

PMID- 6594414
TI  - Identification and characterization of mononuclear phagocytes isolated from rat
      testicular interstitial tissues.
AB  - Rat testicular interstitial tissues contain numerous mononuclear phagocyte-like
      cells. Dispersed testicular tissues are allowed to settle onto a glass substrate
      and the strongly adherent cells are identified as the same cells that have been
      described in vivo, based on the retention of an in vivo marker (plutonium). These
      putative testicular intersitial tissue macrophages (TIMs) have adhesion and cell
      surface features characteristic of mononuclear phagocytes, as determined by
      scanning electron microscopy. Immediately after isolation from testicular
      tissues, TIMs show a strong staining reaction for nonspecific esterase. These
      cells have Fc and complement receptors and some express Ia cell-surface antigens.
      About two thirds of the TIMs phagocytose sheep red blood cells and most of the
      cells are capable of nonspecific phagocytosis of polystyrene beads. This study
      demonstrates that the phagocytic cells found in testicular interstitial tissues
      have morphological, histochemical, phagocytic, and immunological properties
      characteristic of functionally active mononuclear phagocytes. These results
      suggest that these resident mononuclear phagocytes may play a role in immune
      related functions in the testis.

PMID- 6594415
TI  - The separation of cytotoxic human peripheral blood monocytes into high and low
      phagocytic subsets by centrifugal elutriation.
AB  - Mononuclear cells (4 X 10(8) in a 5-ml volume) were loaded onto a Beckman JE-6B
      elutriator rotor spinning at 2,000 +/- 10 rpm with a flow rate of 10.0 ml/min.
      After lymphocytes were removed at flow rates between 10 and 11 ml/min with 500 ml
      of buffer, the flow rate was increased by 0.5 ml/min/fraction to collect 100-ml
      fractions. Highly enriched monocytes as judged by nonspecific esterase staining
      and morphology (70-95%) were found in each of eight fractions collected with flow
      rates between 11.5 to 15.0 ml/min. When stimulated with phorbol myristic acetate,
      these fractions mediated equivalent levels of cytotoxicity against 51Cr-labeled
      Chang liver cell line. Similarly, each monocyte-containing fraction was found to
      mediate the same level of cytotoxicity against antibody-sensitized 51Cr-labeled
      Chang liver cells. In contrast, cytotoxicity against the natural killer cell
      sensitive K-562 cell line was found in only those fractions that contained a high
      percentage of lymphocytes. The fractions that were enriched in monocytes were
      found to differ in their ability to ingest latex. Those monocyte fractions that
      were collected between 11.0-12.0 ml/min consisted primarily of low numbers of
      latex-ingesting monocytes (less than 30%). Those monocyte fractions that were
      collected between 12.5 and 15.0 ml/min consisted primarily of latex-ingesting
      monocytes (50-70%). These data show that cytotoxic monocytes can be separated by
      centrifugal elutriation into at least two subsets that can be distinguished by
      their phagocytic activity.

PMID- 6594416
TI  - The effect of microbial flora, diet, and age on the tumoricidal activity of
      natural killer cells.
AB  - This study examined the effects of diet (chemically defined vs natural
      ingredient), age, and microbial flora on the tumoricidal activity of natural
      killer (NK) cells from the spleens of mice. Results from a 4-h 51Cr-release assay
      indicate the following: Germfree C3H/HeCr mice raised on a chemically defined
      diet had significantly greater NK cell activity than their germfree or "clean
      conventional" (i.e., barrier-maintained) counterparts who were raised on a
      sterilized natural-ingredient diet. The NK activity of germfree mice was
      dramatically increased after their alimentary tract was colonized with a complex
      intestinal flora. Conventional mice raised under clean (barrier) conditions had
      significantly less NK cell activity than nonbarrier-maintained mice. Switching
      germfree mice from a chemically defined diet to a sterile natural-ingredient diet
      did not enhance NK cell activity. No significant differences in NK activity were
      evident with C3H/HeCr mice of different (6-10 wk vs 29-36 wk) ages. These results
      indicate that diet and microbial flora can modulate the NK cell activity of mice.

PMID- 6594417
TI  - Activation of a NADPH oxidase from horse polymorphonuclear leukocytes in a cell
      free system.
AB  - A postnuclear cell fraction from resting horse polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes
      incubated with fatty acid-salt ions such as oleate or linoleate generated a NADPH
      dependent oxygen consumption and superoxide production. Oxidative activity was
      negligible or absent in the postnuclear fraction from mononuclear leukocytes, p
      chloromercuribenzene sulfonic acid-treated granulocytes, and granulocytes from a
      patient with chronic granulomatous disease. Although consistently associated with
      the membrane fraction from resting PMN leukocytes, the superoxide-generating
      activity was shown to be dependent on a thus far unknown cytosolic constituent.
      The apparent Km's for NADPH and NADH (66 and 1,600 microM, respectively), the pH
      optimum for the reaction (7.0), the cyanide insensitivity, and transient nature
      of the reaction together with the stoichiometric relationship between oxygen
      uptake and NADPH oxidation led to the conclusion that in the presence of cytosol
      a cell-free latent respiratory burst oxidase can be converted into an active
      enzyme by interaction with oleate micelles.

PMID- 6594418
TI  - The localization of blood-borne bacteria in instrumented unfilled and
      overinstrumented canals.

PMID- 6594420
TI  - Reliability and safety of the voltage gradient method of root canal measurement.

PMID- 6594419
TI  - A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of root canal debridement using
      saline, sodium hypochlorite, and citric acid.

PMID- 6594421
TI  - Another look at the odontoblast process.

PMID- 6594422
TI  - Prevention of rubber dam hypersensitivity.

PMID- 6594423
TI  - Endodontic therapy involving an unusual case of gemination.

PMID- 6594424
TI  - Proposed curricular guidelines for undergraduate endodontics.

PMID- 6594425
TI  - Diploid gynogenesis in Xenopus laevis and the localization with respect to the
      centromere of the gene for periodic albinism ap.
AB  - Diploid gynogenetic Xenopus laevis were obtained by inseminating the eggs with
      u.v. irradiated spermatozoa, and treating them with hydrostatic pressure to
      inhibit the expulsion of the second polar body. A u.v. dose of 3000 ergs/mm2
      genetically inactivates the spermatozoa without loss of their ability to activate
      egg development. The use of a genetic marker on very large samples of eggs made
      it possible to verify the efficiency of the methods employed. The comparison of
      the development of diploid gynogenetic embryos with that of haploid gynogenetic,
      triploid and diploid controls makes it very probable that the relatively high
      mortality or abnormal development obtained with the pressurized eggs is not due
      to partial homozygosity but rather to physical damage to the egg structure by
      this treatment. Altogether about 2500 developing eggs were used. In addition
      diploid gynogenetic reproduction from females heterozygous for a known mutation
      allows the mapping of the gene concerned relative to the centromere on the basis
      of the recombination rate. For this experiment we used the recessive mutation
      causing periodic albinism (ap) and found the position of this gene to be between
      44 map units from the centromere and the end of the chromosome.

PMID- 6594426
TI  - Photoperiod perception in the blind mole rat (Spalax ehrenbergi, Nehring):
      involvement of the Harderian gland, atrophied eyes, and melatonin.
AB  - The involvement of the Harderian gland, atrophied eyes, and melatonin in the
      perception of photoperiodic changes has been studied in the mole rat, a fossorial
      blind mammal the thermoregulatory capacity of which is photoperiod-dependent.
      When transferred from a long photoperiod to a short one, mole rats increase their
      resistance to cold, a perfectly reversible phenomenon. After 2 weeks under short
      photoperiod the thermoregulatory capacities of animals without Harderian glands
      are less than those of the controls. The Harderian gland appears thus to be
      implicated in the detection of photoperiodic changes. After 5 weeks, however, the
      Harderianectomized animals had perfectly integrated the photoperiodic change, so
      demonstrating that other photoreceptor organs exist. The atrophied eyes, which,
      under these conditions, do not seem to play an important role, are involved when
      the animals are transferred from short photoperiod to long photoperiod.
      Melatonin, but not 5-methoxytryptamine, appears to be a crucial compound in such
      a phenomenon. These results, which demonstrate that in mammals (at least in the
      mole rat, as in nonmammalian vertebrates), nonocular photoreceptors exist,
      suggest that the mechanism by which mammals integrate photoperiodic changes is
      not the same when the animals are transferred from long to short photoperiod as
      when transferred from short photoperiod to long photoperiod.

PMID- 6594427
TI  - Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in stroke patients.

PMID- 6594428
TI  - [In-vitro reactivity of lymphocyte function in chronic uremia].

PMID- 6594429
TI  - [Clinical application of detecting serum anti-HBc IgM in HBV infection by
      radioimmunoassay].

PMID- 6594430
TI  - Pathogenesis of severe isolated mitral regurgitation--with special reference to
      anatomic and hemodynamic characteristics.

PMID- 6594431
TI  - Pressure measurement on the ischial tuberosity of the human body in sitting
      position and evaluation of the pressure relieving effect of various cushions.

PMID- 6594432
TI  - [Allergic contact dermatitis due to chromium].

PMID- 6594433
TI  - [Primary alveolar hypoventilation--a case report].

PMID- 6594434
TI  - [Sacrococcygeal teratoma in Chinese children--analysis of 42 cases].

PMID- 6594435
TI  - Auditory agnosia--a case report.

PMID- 6594436
TI  - [Repeated pregnancy loss due to alpha-thalassemia--report of 3 cases].

PMID- 6594437
TI  - A case of chronic myelogenous leukemia following I131 therapy for metastatic
      thyroid carcinoma.

PMID- 6594438
TI  - Glycogenosis type VIII.
AB  - Glycogenosis Type VIII, characterized ultrastructurally by an accumulation of
      rosettes (alpha-particles) of glycogen in the central nervous system, is an
      extremely rare condition; only two sporadic cases are on record. The first
      complete autopsy on a patient with cerebral alpha-particle glycogenosis, a 20
      year-old American-Indian female, is the subject of this report. The case was
      clinically unique because of long survival and presumable familial incidence. The
      gross pathology was characterized by severe brain atrophy but preserved thickness
      of the cortical mantle. Vacuolation of the neuropil was the main histological
      abnormality and was most extensive in the striatum and less so in the cerebral
      cortex and some brain stem nuclei. Biochemical analysis showed glycogen levels
      elevated fiftyfold in the striatum and eightfold in the cerebral cortex in
      comparison with control tissue. Ultrastructural observations and evidence
      obtained from the Golgi method suggest that the distal axon was the principal
      site of storage. Two prominent additional abnormalities, spheroids, not
      previously observed in this disease, and massive accumulation of lipofuscin, were
      probably both related to the prolonged course of illness. The viscera, including
      the liver were morphologically free of storage.

PMID- 6594439
TI  - Concepts and strategies for dental services marketing.

PMID- 6594440
TI  - Implications of advertising in dentistry.

PMID- 6594441
TI  - Incorporation and the effect of TEFRA (The Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility
      Act of 1982).

PMID- 6594442
TI  - Protective industrial eyewear for the dental patient.

PMID- 6594443
TI  - Performance logic: the ultimate application.

PMID- 6594444
TI  - Factors influencing mode of dental practice. I. Historic, social and economic.

PMID- 6594445
TI  - Goal setting. Its application to the practice of dentistry.

PMID- 6594446
TI  - Nonchairside factors affecting the career satisfaction of dentists.

PMID- 6594447
TI  - An interview with Dr. John L. Bomba.

PMID- 6594448
TI  - How can and should the periodontist respond to the patient who asks "How long
      have I had this problem?" "The why didn't my dentist inform me or refer me
      earlier"?

PMID- 6594449
TI  - How to start a new practice after 25 years in one place.

PMID- 6594450
TI  - Activating the inactive patient.

PMID- 6594451
TI  - Quality: you've got to be taught.

PMID- 6594452
TI  - Has dentistry monopolized the market for dental care? Evidence from 1950-1981
      data.

PMID- 6594453
TI  - The periodontal patient: a rationale for alternating recalls.

PMID- 6594454
TI  - Conversional marketing.

PMID- 6594455
TI  - Creative use of life insurance today. III. Trusts in estate planning.

PMID- 6594456
TI  - Acute response to elastase in sheep lungs measured with Ga-67.
AB  - The early inflammatory changes in sheep's lungs were studied with Ga-67 citrate,
      injected i.v. immediately following intrabronchial instillation of different
      doses of elastase into the right diaphragmatic lobes of 15 sheep. The elastase
      induced lesions in the first five sheep (two received 4,000 units; three got
      6,000) were imaged up to seven times in an 8-day period to measure the temporal
      changes in the lesion and to select the appropriate imaging time; the other ten
      sheep (800-8,000 units) were imaged once at 52 hr. Localization of Ga-67, as seen
      on the posterior and right lateral projections, was confined to a well
      circumscribed region in the right lung field. The lesion could be detected as
      early as 4 hr after elastase instillation. It decreased to 60% of its initial
      area at 4 hr, while the total Ga-67 activity in the sheep remained constant after
      52-75 hr. Gallium-67 uptake in the lesion correlated positively with the dose of
      elastase (r = 0.88, p less than 0.001) and with the reduction in perfusion, as
      determined 4 wk after the elastase instillation (r = 0.66, p less than 0.05).
      Early Ga-67 uptake in inflammatory lung lesions could therefore be used as a
      reliable predictor of the size of the acute elastase-induced inflammatory
      reaction, as well as of the sequelae involving the regional vascular supply 4 wk
      later.

PMID- 6594457
TI  - Submandibular salivary gland involvement in hemochromatosis.

PMID- 6594458
TI  - Angular cheilosis: an analysis of 156 cases.

PMID- 6594459
TI  - "Coexistent chronic myeloid leukemia and lymphosarcoma in the maxilla: report of
      a case".

PMID- 6594460
TI  - Dental myiasis.

PMID- 6594461
TI  - An epidemiological study of factors associated with recurrent aphthae in women.

PMID- 6594463
TI  - Monomorphic adenomatosis of intraoral minor salivary glands--light and
      ultrastructural study.

PMID- 6594462
TI  - Oral lichen planus according to the modern medical model.

PMID- 6594464
TI  - Solitary multilobular schwannoma of the oral cavity.

PMID- 6594465
TI  - Solitary bone cyst.

PMID- 6594466
TI  - Glycogen content in regenerated epithelium following cryosurgery on oral
      leukoplakia.

PMID- 6594467
TI  - Fascia lata and dura mater used as soft tissue homografts in the oral cavity.

PMID- 6594468
TI  - Clinical notes in therapeutics--analgesic therapy for dental pain: salicylates
      and para-aminophenols.

PMID- 6594469
TI  - How wide is normal?

PMID- 6594470
TI  - Histologic analysis of the hyperplastic maxillary anterior frenum.
AB  - Fifteen biopsy specimens from hyperplastic maxillary anterior freni were examined
      histologically by three investigators, and tissue components were subjectively
      rated on a predesigned scoring sheet. The presence of calcification and
      ossification associated with high levels of inflammatory infiltrates and reactive
      connective tissue confirm the fact that surgical excision of the hyperplastic
      frenum is warranted.

PMID- 6594471
TI  - The posterior segmental maxillary osteotomy: recent applications.
AB  - The application of the posterior segmental maxillary osteotomy to the problem of
      edentulous space closure was studied in 30 patients so treated. The degree of
      success was based on several criteria, which included stability, periodontal
      health, occlusion, and response to treatment. A simplified surgical technique is
      described and useful surgical aids are demonstrated. The existing literature is
      reviewed in the light of present findings.

PMID- 6594472
TI  - Meniscoplasty of the displaced temporomandibular joint meniscus without violating
      the inferior joint space.
AB  - Twenty temporomandibular joints with anterior meniscus displacement, both with
      and without reduction, were treated by meniscoplasty of the superior lamina of
      the bilaminar zone through the superior joint space. Reduction of the eminence
      was also performed on each joint. All joints were judged markedly improved both
      by the surgeon and patients. With an average postoperative follow-up of 18.1
      months, 13 (65%) of the joints were pain free and seven (35%) had mild, transient
      pain with prolonged hard chewing or prolonged wide mouth opening.

PMID- 6594473
TI  - Antibiotic prophylaxis in intraoral orthognathic surgery.
AB  - A prospective randomized double-blind study was conducted to evaluate two
      prophylactic antibiotic regimens in a population of 40 patients undergoing
      intraoral orthognathic surgery. All patients received one intramuscular dose of
      600,000 units procaine penicillin G and 400,000 units aqueous penicillin G
      preoperatively. Two million units aqueous penicillin G were administered
      intravenously every three hours intraoperatively and postoperatively three hours
      after the last intraoperative dose. One group of 20 patients then received 2
      million units aqueous penicillin G intravenously every four hours for a total of
      12 doses (two days) postoperatively. The second group of 20 patients received a
      placebo intravenously every four hours for a total of 12 doses (two days)
      postoperatively. Three infections occurred in the group of patients receiving the
      placebo postoperatively and none in the group of patients receiving the
      antibiotics postoperatively.

PMID- 6594474
TI  - Use of scopolamine for dental anesthesia and analgesia techniques.
AB  - A review of the English literature on the pharmacologic effects of scopolamine is
      presented and indications for the current use of the drug in dental anesthesia
      and analgesia are evaluated. The authors conclude that the role of scopolamine in
      the production of conscious sedation for outpatient dental surgery should be
      reevaluated in the light of contemporary findings.

PMID- 6594475
TI  - Use of the orthognathic surgery simulating instrument in the presurgical
      evaluation of facial asymmetry.
AB  - The use of Orthognathic Surgery Simulating Instrument (OSSI) is described. Two
      cases of facial asymmetry, one with hemifacial microsomia and one with unilateral
      condylar hyperplasia, are presented to demonstrate the diagnostic capabilities of
      the articulator. The OSSI has greatly improved our ability to plan the treatment
      of cases of gross facial asymmetry.

PMID- 6594476
TI  - Ludwig's angina as a complication of ameloblastoma of the mandible.

PMID- 6594477
TI  - Maxillofacial symptoms in two patients with pyknodysostosis.

PMID- 6594478
TI  - Management of a cheek fistula associated with false ankylosis.
AB  - A 14-year-old boy presented with a Grade II left cheek fistula and inability to
      open the mouth following gangrenous stomatitis in early childhood. The treatment
      of the patient by multistaged reconstruction of the cheek defect is discussed. A
      large turnover flap was used for the lining, a technique which obviates the need
      for a second lining flap, and thus eliminates the disfigurement of a donor site.
      Also, it uses the healthy skin that would otherwise have been discarded in the
      creation of mucosal flaps.

PMID- 6594479
TI  - Bilateral maxillary squamous odontogenic tumors and the malignant transformation
      of a mandibular radiolucent lesion.
AB  - A case of bilateral squamous odontogenic tumors of the maxilla with concomitant
      malignant transformation of a mandibular lesion to squamous cell carcinoma is
      presented. It is the first reported case of squamous odontogenic tumor in
      coexistence with a malignant tumor.

PMID- 6594480
TI  - Crestal ostectomy and lateral wall compression for management of the enlarged
      pneumatized tuberosity.
AB  - The crestal ostectomy with lateral antral wall compression is a simple,
      predictable procedure to correct soft tissue and osseous hypertrophy in the
      pneumatized maxillary tuberosity. It offers certain advantages over other
      techniques: 1) simultaneous reduction of vertical and lateral aspects of the
      hyperplastic tuberosity; 2) simultaneous revision of hypertrophic or mobile
      mucosal tissue overlying the tuberosity; 3) avoidance of a horizontal scar band
      in the buccal vestibule, which may subsequently interfere with the denture
      flange; 4) negligible effect on the depth of the buccal vestibule; 5) fixation
      wires are not required; 6) rapid healing of the osteotomy site, since there is
      intimate bony contact; 7) expedient initiation of denture fabrication is possible
      because the palatal aspect of the tuberosity is not mobilized; and 8) no surgical
      stent is necessary.

PMID- 6594481
TI  - The anesthetic skin patch for topical anesthesia.

PMID- 6594482
TI  - The minimal width of the periodontal space.
AB  - Radiographs of horizontal serial sections of dentate human mandible disclose a
      picture of the periodontal space, the bony margin of which is highly irregular.
      The minimal width of this space was measured at four points roughly 90 degrees
      apart and the average minimal width obtained. It is suggested that the usual
      clinical radiographic picture of the periodontal space of a particular tooth or
      teeth is such that a judgment of the width of the space cannot be made with any
      certainty.

PMID- 6594483
TI  - Visco-elastic properties of four currently used tissue conditioners.
AB  - About 60% of complete denture wearers experience a mostly painless inflammation
      of the palatal mucosal membrane. Especially prosthetic trauma and Candida
      albicans infection are assumed as aetiological factors. The treatment can be
      prosthetic or medicamentous, dependent on the cause. In this connection tissue
      conditioners could be very effective by their visco-elastic properties. Four
      tissue conditioners have been examined (Coe Comfort, FITT, Ivoseal, Visco Gel)
      for their impression softness and elastic recovery. All tests have been done on
      20 mm specimens. The length of the specimens was measured during a 10 min
      compression and a 60 min relaxation. Eight ageing times have been taken into
      consideration. From the results large differences appear between the various
      tissue conditioners. Two main groups can be distinguished. FITT and Ivoseal are
      harder materials, whereas Coe Comfort and Visco Gel are softer. The ageing time
      has a clear hardening influence especially on Visco Gel. Visco Gel appears to be
      the best tissue conditioner by its relative plasticity during the first hours and
      its elastic behaviour during a longer ageing period. The clinical relevance of
      these materials is certainly not proved by this study. Further research will show
      this.

PMID- 6594484
TI  - The relationship of lining thickness and thermal insulating efficiency.
AB  - The minimum thickness of a lining material that must be inserted into a cavity in
      order to afford protection to the dental pulp from thermal trauma has never been
      determined. By taking the diffusivity ratios of the hard dental tissues, amalgam
      and lining materials and equating them with the situations incurred in the
      transmission of thermal energy by the unfilled, as against the restored tooth, it
      becomes possible to produce a simple table from which measurements serving as
      guidelines for adequate protection can be taken. An experimental method of
      confirmation of the hypothesis is described.

PMID- 6594485
TI  - The effect of changing the maxillomandibular relationship by a bite plane on the
      habitual mandibular opening and closing movement.
AB  - The relationship between the change of afferent information from occlusal
      contacts and its influence on the jaw muscles was investigated. For this purpose,
      the following questions were posed and experimental studies designed. If the
      subject was given habitual occlusal contacts in centric relations with a bite
      plane, were the habitual mandibular closing and opening movements influenced?
      Second, was it easier for the subjects to accomplish regular habitual mandibular
      opening and closing movements, when the bite plane was inserted and removed? From
      the results it could be concluded that the centric occlusal contacts in centric
      relation were more physiological for the jaw muscles. In addition, when the new
      occlusal position was coincident or close to the centric relation, it was easier
      for the subject to study and acquire the new habitual mandibular opening and
      closing movement.

PMID- 6594486
TI  - The effect of body posture on the preferred vertical dimension of occlusion.
AB  - Thirteen edentulous adults were investigated to see whether their preferred
      vertical dimension of occlusion (PVDO) was affected by vertical and horizontal
      body posture. The PVDO was found by the forced choice method using a graduated
      series of sticks in random sequence. The subjects were tested in both postures on
      two separate occasions. No significant difference was found between the PVDO's
      when the subjects were sitting upright and when they were supine. Nor was there
      any significant difference in the PVDO of the first and second sessions for
      either position.

PMID- 6594488
TI  - Success. How to mold imagination.

PMID- 6594487
TI  - New sustained release dosage form of chlorhexidine for dental use: use for plaque
      control in partial denture wearers.
AB  - The aim of this work was to test the effectiveness of a local sustained release
      application of chlorhexidine in prevention of plaque formation in a group of five
      partial denture wearers when oral hygiene procedures were withdrawn. The clinical
      study demonstrates that coating of the partial dentures with ethyl cellulose
      polymer containing the drug, prevents accumulation of plaque during a period of
      12 days. No typical side effects of chlorhexidine such as tooth staining and
      unpleasant taste were observed during the study.

PMID- 6594489
TI  - Child abuse in Oregon. The dentist's responsibility.

PMID- 6594490
TI  - A mandibulofacial abscess.

PMID- 6594491
TI  - Extrapyramidal reactions caused by antiemetics during cancer chemotherapy.

PMID- 6594492
TI  - Single-dose pharmacokinetics of imipenem in children.
AB  - The single-dose pharmacokinetics of imipenem (N-formimidoyl thienamycin) was
      evaluated in 13 pediatric patients (mean age 5.2 +/- 3.5 years). Imipenem was
      administered in combination with cilastatin as either a 10 mg/kg or 25 mg/kg dose
      (not to exceed 500 mg) over 15 minutes. Plasma disposition in children was best
      described by a two-compartment open model. The distribution phase was rapid (t1/2
      lambda 1 = 0.18 hours) and was followed by a monoexponential elimination phase
      (t1/2 lambda 2 = 1.2 hours). The calculated value for the apparent volume of
      distribution (0.66 L/kg) was similar to that of total body water. The total
      plasma clearance was rapid (0.36 L/hr/kg). Direct proportionality was exhibited
      between administered dose and either resultant plasma concentration or area under
      the plasma concentration versus time curve. Comparison of imipenem plasma
      pharmacokinetic data derived from these children with data reported from adult
      subjects revealed disparities for both the apparent volume of distribution and
      plasma clearance. Based on preliminary pharmacokinetic simulations using
      parameters generated from our study, a 25.0 mg/kg dose of imipenem administered
      every 6 hours appears adequate for initiation of therapy in children.

PMID- 6594493
TI  - Prostaglandins in small intestinal mucosa of children with celiac disease.
AB  - Diarrhea is one of the important clinical symptoms in patients suffering from
      celiac disease and is attributed mainly to malabsorption. We determined
      prostanoid content in small intestinal mucosa of five patients with active celiac
      disease and in a control group consisting of six patients. Prostaglandin E2 and
      thromboxane B2 content in duodenal mucosa of patients with active celiac disease
      was 1,581 +/- 161 and 118 +/- 40 pg/mg wet wt, respectively, significantly higher
      than their content in duodenal mucosa of the control group, 378 +/- 86 and 8 +/-
      8, p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.02, respectively. 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1
      alpha content in celiac patients was not significantly different from its content
      in the control group: 908 +/- 437 and 124 +/- 53 pg/mg wet wt, respectively. It
      is possible that, in celiac disease, increased mucosal prostanoid content may
      contribute, at least in part, to intestinal electrolyte and fluid secretion and
      consequent diarrhea.

PMID- 6594494
TI  - Childhood nutrition and oral diseases.

PMID- 6594495
TI  - Condylar growth alterations after functional orthopedic therapy, measured by
      symmetric axis geometry.

PMID- 6594496
TI  - Frequency, pattern, and duration of habitual toothbrushing in children.

PMID- 6594497
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a glass-ionomer cement used as class Ii restorative
      material in primary molars.

PMID- 6594498
TI  - Patient noncompliance: a problem not limited to periodontics.

PMID- 6594499
TI  - A survey of gingival pigmentation in Japanese preschool children.

PMID- 6594500
TI  - Restoration of periodontal attachment employing enriched collagen solution in the
      dog.
AB  - Three wall intrabony defects were produced in 11 dogs using a round bur followed
      by curettes and hoes. A copper band was fixed to the tooth with stainless steel
      ligature wire. Six weeks later, the copper band was removed and the defect was
      treated with an enriched collagen solution (ECS) prepared from acid-extracted dog
      skin collagen. Thirty-three defects were treated with ECS and 33 defects were
      controls. Healing was assessed histologically 4 and 6 weeks after treatment for
      the presence of new cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, as well as
      arrested epithelial downgrowth along the dental root. Unlike the controls,
      treatment with ECS resulted in restoration of periodontal attachment after 4
      weeks. This included formation of new cementum, new alveolar bone and dense
      connective tissue fiber running between bone and cementum. Control sections
      showed epithelial migration along the root, separating it from the adjacent
      connective tissue and thus preventing new attachment.

PMID- 6594501
TI  - Focal facial inflammation of the attached gingiva.
AB  - An unusual gingivitis noted as a discrete lesion involving the facial attached
      gingiva in a focal and confined area has been described in two adolescent
      females. A unique histopathologic appearance includes a striking intraepithelial
      edema associated with a focal area of acute and chronic inflammation.
      Inconclusive immunologic study of one patient indicated an epithelial-connective
      tissue immune complex deposition suggestive of but not typical of that seen in
      pemphigoid.

PMID- 6594502
TI  - Efficacy of epinephrine concentration in local anesthesia during periodontal
      surgery.
AB  - Blood loss in periodontal flap surgery using lidocaine 2% with either 1:50,000 or
      1:100,000 epinephrine was compared. Ten patients from the graduate periodontal
      clinic were selected for the study. After the initial therapy which included oral
      hygiene instruction, scaling and root planning and occlusal adjustment, 20
      surgical procedures were performed. In any one patient if 1:50,000 epinephrine
      was used on the posterior sextant of an arch, then 1:100,000 epinephrine was used
      on the contralateral side, with similar volumes being injected by the same
      method. Blood loss was determined by the cyanmethemoglobin comparison technique.
      Procedures using lidocaine 2% with 1:100,000 epinephrine generally had more than
      twice as much blood loss as those using lidocaine 2% with 1:50,000 epinephrine.

PMID- 6594503
TI  - The chlorhexidine question.

PMID- 6594504
TI  - Bilateral creeping attachment using free mucosal grafts. A case report with 4
      year follow-up.
AB  - Two extensive periodontal recessive lesions in bilateral maxillary cuspid ares
      were treated surgically with free autogenous masticatory mucosal grafts. No
      attempt was made initially to achieve total root surface coverage. Evaluation of
      the sites during a 4-year postoperative period demonstrated unusual degrees of
      "creeping attachment." The maxillary left cuspid graft completely covered the
      root with 9 mm of gingival-equivalent tissue while the maxillary right cuspid
      area displayed 90% (7 mm) root surface coverage.

PMID- 6594505
TI  - Dose-dependent pharmacokinetic study of pefloxacin, a new antibacterial agent, in
      humans.
AB  - A dose-dependent pharmacokinetic study of pefloxacin was performed after four
      intravenous infusions and four orally administered doses. After intravenous
      infusion, the pharmacokinetic profiles of the plasma concentrations showed a
      biphasic decline, with half-lives (mean +/- SD) of 8.55 +/- 4.20 min and 11.50 +/
      1.75 h, respectively. Intravenous infusion and oral administration yielded
      similar results. The pharmacokinetic parameters remained constant in the dose
      range of 200-800 mg from the plasma and urine data.

PMID- 6594506
TI  - Central gastric antisecretory action of prostaglandin E2: the involvement of the
      pituitary gland.
AB  - The mechanism of the gastric antisecretory action of intracerebroventricularly
      administered prostaglandin (PG)E2 was investigated in conscious, pylorus-ligated
      rats. It was found that intracerebroventricular administration of 3 micrograms of
      PGE2 inhibited carbachol-stimulated gastric secretion (acid, pepsin and volume)
      in vagotomized rats and spontaneous secretion in rats with intact vagi to the
      same degree. Hypophysectomy prevented the antisecretory effect of PGE2, whereas
      neither adrenalectomy nor gastric sympathectomy (extirpation of the ganglion
      coeliacum and mesentericus superius) did modify it. The results suggest that an
      altered pituitary activity, but not the autonomic nervous system, is involved in
      the mechanism mediating PGE2-induced inhibitory impulses from the brain on
      gastric secretion.

PMID- 6594507
TI  - New irreversible hydrocolloid silicone impression material.

PMID- 6594508
TI  - Dimensional accuracy of epoxy resins and their compatibility with impression
      materials.

PMID- 6594509
TI  - Comparison study of visible curing lights and hardness of light-cured restorative
      materials.

PMID- 6594510
TI  - Compressive strength and surface hardness of type IV die stone when mixed with
      water substitutes.

PMID- 6594511
TI  - Relationship of wall orientation to proximal box design in inlay preparations.

PMID- 6594512
TI  - Flange adaptation discrepancy, palatal base distortion, and induced malocclusion
      caused by processing acrylic resin maxillary complete dentures.

PMID- 6594513
TI  - A metal-faced casting resin mold for facial prostheses.

PMID- 6594514
TI  - Splint for burns to lip commissures.

PMID- 6594515
TI  - Prostheses for oral burn patients.
AB  - The problems caused by scarring from burns to the tissues that surround the oral
      cavity were discussed. Seven types of stents used to prevent microstomia from
      burns were reviewed.

PMID- 6594516
TI  - Comparison of the multiphasic dysfunction profile with lateral transcranial
      radiographs.
AB  - Lateral transcranial radiographs of 926 patients were analyzed for condylar
      position, TMJ space, and obvious condylar morphologic changes. Differences in
      condylar position and joint space variations were noted between men and women. An
      increase in nonconcentric condylar position, joint space variations, and condylar
      morphologic changes were found with advancing age. There was a significant
      correlation of condylar position, joint space variations, and condylar morphology
      with mandibular dysfunction profile scores. Mandibular dysfunction is manifested
      by a wide range of signs and symptoms, none of which is always present with the
      disorder. Although TRs are limited in their total diagnostic value, their use in
      discerning major TMJ changes serves as an important adjunct in the examination
      and diagnosis of mandibular dysfunction.

PMID- 6594517
TI  - Osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
AB  - Eleven postmenopausal complete denture patients participated in a study to
      evaluate some possible predictors of osteoporosis. Most participants in the study
      reported a low caloric intake and consumed considerably less than the recommended
      daily allowances of sodium, cholesterol, calcium, fluoride, magnesium, zinc, and
      folic acid. Many participants in the study were taking additional daily vitamin
      and mineral supplements. The CCT as measured on radiographs of the second phalynx
      of the fifth digit of the right hand correlated linearly with the CBD corrected
      for soft tissue. Panoramic radiographs revealed that all individuals had severe
      residual ridge resorption. All serum calcium and phosphorus means were within the
      normal range, while more than 60% of the patients had below normal plasma levels
      of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. In conclusion, although based on a small sample, it
      appears that the diet of elderly women in New York is somewhat deficient for
      adequate skeletal homeostasis. Ideally, the vitamin D status of each patient
      should be determined and proper supplements prescribed. However, the high cost of
      analysis suggests that dietary analysis be used on a selected but more frequent
      basis. Radiation techniques for measuring skeletal porosity are also too complex
      to perform on a routine basis and should, like dietary analysis, be reserved for
      patients in whom other clinical signs and symptoms indicate metabolic bone
      disease.

PMID- 6594518
TI  - Comparison of face shape with tooth form.

PMID- 6594519
TI  - Relationship between stage of dental development and electromyographic silent
      periods during chewing.

PMID- 6594520
TI  - Stabilized baseplate technique for interocclusal records.
AB  - A technique that provides a stabilized baseplate to facilitate jaw registrations
      in partially edentulous arches with prepared teeth has been described. The
      technique provides for accurately recording maxillomandibular relations when
      there are few teeth and interarch stabilization is difficult to achieve.

PMID- 6594522
TI  - Evaluation of lung ventilators.

PMID- 6594521
TI  - Osteosarcoma of bladder 27 years after local radiotherapy.

PMID- 6594523
TI  - The problem of obsolescent and aging medical devices.

PMID- 6594524
TI  - Initial experience with in vitro fertilization in New Jersey.

PMID- 6594526
TI  - Risks associated with post-traumatic flashbacks.

PMID- 6594525
TI  - Myth or fact: can women self-diagnose pregnancy?

PMID- 6594527
TI  - Midtrimester amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis.

PMID- 6594528
TI  - Microsurgical resection of AV malformations from vital areas of the brain.

PMID- 6594529
TI  - Effects of AIDS on various aspects of blood banking.

PMID- 6594530
TI  - Imaging: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

PMID- 6594531
TI  - Case study: clinical and social support in pediatric aphakia.

PMID- 6594532
TI  - [Post therapeutic myeloblastic leukemia in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].
AB  - A 28-year-old man developed AML 18 months after a diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma, diffuse small cell type, clinical stage IIA. Induction therapy for the
      lymphoma consisted 60Co 4000 rads bilaterally to the cervical areas and 2000 rads
      to the right cervical area. Complete remission was attained. Nineteen courses of
      combination chemotherapy with Vincristine (VCR), 6-meraptopurine (6 MP),
      cyclophosphamide (CY) and predonisolone (pred) was added (Total dose: VCR; 26.5
      mg, 6 MP; 3320 mg, CY; 3350 mg, pred; 4310 mg). Seven days after the final
      chemotherapeutic treatment he developed AML with DIC. Leukemic cells were
      peroxidase and specific esterase (naphthol AS-D chloroacetate) positive.
      Induction therapy for the AML consisting of DCMP (Daunomycin, Cytosine
      arabinosid, 6 MP and pred) and VCR (vindesine, CY and pred) was unsuccessful. The
      patient died of cranial hemorrhage 3 month after the diagnosis of acute leukemia.
      Autopsy revealed no recurrence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the lymph nodes, bone
      marrow, spleen and liver. Seven other cases reported in the Japanese literature
      are reviewed.

PMID- 6594533
TI  - [Anemia with chronic myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6594534
TI  - [Case of basophilic crisis in chronic myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6594535
TI  - [2 cases of primary acquired sideroblastic anemia with chromosome abnormalities
      terminated in acute myeloblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6594536
TI  - [A new carbohydrate antigen CA19-9 associated with malignancies of digestive
      system. II. Serum levels of CA19-9 in various digestive diseases and their
      clinical significance].

PMID- 6594537
TI  - [Surgical management of reversed occlusion].

PMID- 6594538
TI  - [Root canal therapy and bacteria, with special reference to anaerobic bacteria].

PMID- 6594539
TI  - [Prostaglandins and clinical dentistry].

PMID- 6594540
TI  - [Decreased dental caries among 3-year-old children in Tokyo].

PMID- 6594541
TI  - [Radiographic imaging and clinical dentistry (1). Oral surgery and radiography].

PMID- 6594542
TI  - [Radiographic imaging and clinical dentistry (2). Periodontal diseases and
      radiography].

PMID- 6594543
TI  - [Radiographic imaging and clinical dentistry (3). Endodontics and radiography].

PMID- 6594544
TI  - [Removal of foreign objects in the root canal].

PMID- 6594545
TI  - ["Permacure system" for finishing resin surfaces].

PMID- 6594546
TI  - ["Healthy teeth contest for mothers and children" in Tokyo (3)].

PMID- 6594547
TI  - [Recent trends in composite resin restorations].

PMID- 6594549
TI  - [Dentistry and personal computers].

PMID- 6594548
TI  - [Hepatitis B and dentists].

PMID- 6594550
TI  - [Evaluation and administration methods of oral antibiotics used in clinical
      dentistry].

PMID- 6594551
TI  - [Light cured resin].

PMID- 6594552
TI  - [Histopathological studies of ceramic dental implants].

PMID- 6594554
TI  - Advances in films and screens--T-grain technology.

PMID- 6594553
TI  - Guide to dental photography systems.

PMID- 6594555
TI  - [Mediastinal tumor in a patient with acute myeloblastic leukosis].

PMID- 6594556
TI  - [Acute leukemia and Burkitt's type malignant lymphoma. Apropos of 4 cases in
      adults].

PMID- 6594557
TI  - Necrotizing fasciitis as a lethal complication of peritonsillar abscess.
AB  - Abscesses of the peritonsillar region rarely lead to serious complications.
      Incision and drainage, antibiotic therapy, and subsequent tonsillectomy is the
      accepted method of treatment. Two cases of fatal necrotizing fasciitis following
      peritonsillar abscess are presented. The entity of necrotizing fasciitis in the
      head and neck is discussed with respect to its presentation, diagnosis, and
      treatment.

PMID- 6594558
TI  - A test of the role of two oncogenes in inherited predisposition to colon cancer.
AB  - Inheritance of mutationally altered oncogenes could predispose individuals to the
      development of specific tumors and account for familial tumor phenotypes. Using
      adjacent DNA sequence polymorphisms as genetic markers, we have examined two
      oncogenes, the Kirsten ras2, isolated from a human colon cancer cell line, and
      the Harvey ras1, isolated from a human bladder cancer cell line, for their role
      in the genetic etiology of inherited colon cancer in Gardner syndrome. Both
      oncogene loci have been shown to be unlinked to the Gardner syndrome locus and
      are, therefore, eliminated as candidates for the Gardner syndrome gene.

PMID- 6594559
TI  - Selective expression within the human alpha globin gene complex following
      chromosome-dependent transfer into diploid mouse erythroleukaemia cells.
AB  - Human chromosome 16, which contains the alpha globin gene complex, has been
      introduced into mouse erythroleukaemia cells by means of cell fusion and
      selectively retained to the exclusion of other human chromosomes. After induction
      of haemoglobin synthesis in hybrid clones, evidence for expression of the human
      alpha globin genes was sought by mRNA and globin chain synthesis analyses. It was
      found that both the human alpha 1 and alpha 2 genes were similarly expressed and
      that the synthesis of human alpha globin chains was nearly half that of mouse
      alpha chains on a per gene basis. The pattern of human alpha gene expression was
      similar with different inducers and with donor chromosomes of either erythroid or
      non-erythroid origin. However, the closely linked human embryonic alpha gene
      (zeta) did not produce detectable levels of zeta globin mRNA in any of the hybrid
      clones. Thus, there is selective activation of adult genes in the human alpha
      globin gene complex in the mouse erythroleukaemia cell.

PMID- 6594560
TI  - Testicular infiltrates in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a
      prospective study.
AB  - The incidence of testicular infiltrates in 68 boys with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia in first remission (1974-81), was prospectively investigated through
      careful clinical examination and routine bilateral biopsies at 2-3 years of
      remission. All boys were under 14 years of age and they were treated with
      protocols D.74 and Pethema 7/78. Seven patients (10.3%) presented an isolated
      testicular relapse (ITR) during the chemotherapy period. In 13 of the 43
      testicular biopsies (31%) leukemic infiltrates were found, and in another two
      findings were controversial. Three boys, two with previous negative biopsies, had
      an ITR 6 to 18 months after therapy was stopped. Finally, three others had
      simultaneous relapses in testes and bone marrow, one during chemotherapy and two
      after suppression. In all, 23 patients (33.8%) in first remission had overt or
      occult ITR. Overall estimated incidence rate of testes leukemia is 40% in all the
      groups. Incidence of early and occult ITR was higher in boys with initial WBC
      counts over 20 X 10(9)/1. Therapy in ITR generally consisted of local
      radiotherapy (20-25 Gy), a new induction treatment followed by 2-year maintenance
      treatment; in three patients with early ITR, orchidectomy was also performed and
      six were given a new CNS preventive treatment. Clinical course in the seven
      patients with early ITR was unfavourable in five, with subsequent hematological
      relapses and death; one had a long-term disease-free survival (80 + months) and
      the other was a recent case. Ten of the 13 patients with occult infiltrates
      continued in remission and four were off treatment with a follow-up of over 66
      months. The three patients with late ITR were in 2nd remission at 8-18 months
      after a new cessation of therapy. It may be concluded from this study that
      prognosis in ITR is related to the phase of presentation: it is unfavourable in
      cases of early ITR, but in occult infiltrates, detected by routine biopsy, and in
      late ITR combined therapy is effective in most cases.

PMID- 6594561
TI  - Manpower recruitment of Black professionals.

PMID- 6594563
TI  - Attitudes toward the elderly: results of a survey.

PMID- 6594562
TI  - Implementing school-based dental services: the Mississippi model.

PMID- 6594564
TI  - A simultaneous multilevel negative pressure method for the study of capillary
      strength.

PMID- 6594565
TI  - Dental health care for the elderly: the Baltimore city program.

PMID- 6594566
TI  - Intranasal eruption of a permanent central incisor: a case report.

PMID- 6594567
TI  - Patient and staff motivation. Keys to survival in dentistry.

PMID- 6594568
TI  - [The jaw forms of post-treatment Class III malocclusion in the mixed dentition
      and after the completion of the permanent dentition, in comparison with those of
      Class I reversed occlusion].

PMID- 6594570
TI  - [One example of personal computer software for use in nutrition counseling].

PMID- 6594569
TI  - [An unusual case of external root resorption associated with a cystic lesion].

PMID- 6594571
TI  - [The elliptic representation of variations in tooth positions on the dental
      arch].

PMID- 6594572
TI  - [Outline formation of the condyle].

PMID- 6594573
TI  - [Clinicopathologic conference. How well do you understand laboratory data? 2
      cases of leukemia].

PMID- 6594574
TI  - [Angioneurotic edema (Quincke's edema): report of a case].

PMID- 6594575
TI  - Genetic manipulation: NIH concede part of Rifkin suit.

PMID- 6594576
TI  - Genetic engineering and pharmaceuticals.

PMID- 6594578
TI  - Oncogenes in transgenic mice.

PMID- 6594577
TI  - Gene therapy: US clinical trials imminent.

PMID- 6594579
TI  - Uses of chimaeric antibodies.

PMID- 6594580
TI  - The development, justification and future of a community hospital internal
      medicine training program.

PMID- 6594582
TI  - Porphyria cutanea tarda in association with multiple myeloma.

PMID- 6594581
TI  - Hereditary angioedema as a cause for the non-surgical acute abdomen.

PMID- 6594583
TI  - Chronic myelogenous leukemia presenting clinically as diabetes insipidus.

PMID- 6594584
TI  - You better look behind the ears.

PMID- 6594585
TI  - The history that wasn't.

PMID- 6594586
TI  - "Tips" on acute arthritis and clubbing.

PMID- 6594587
TI  - Practice patterns of graduates of a North Carolina community hospital internal
      medicine training program.

PMID- 6594588
TI  - Cyrano De Bergerac would have loved 1,1,1-trichloroethane.

PMID- 6594590
TI  - Physicians, prescriptions and prescription drugs.

PMID- 6594589
TI  - Talking with your retirement plan advisor: overcoming the language barrier.

PMID- 6594591
TI  - Despite some College misgivings, a warm welcome for Warnock.

PMID- 6594592
TI  - Masked Philadelphia chromosome due to the translocation (1q-;22q +) and small
      chromosome 19 in a case of acute leukemia.
AB  - The case of a 51-year-old female with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL) and
      masked Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome is reported. The Ph1 resulted from a
      translocation involving chromosomes 1 and 22, in which a segment of the long arm
      of one chromosome 1 (1q12----q25) was translocated to the long arm of one
      chromosome 22 at band 22q11. Additionally, a marker chromosome of unknown origin
      and deletion of the long arm of one chromosome 19 at band 19q12 were found. The
      literature on masked Ph1 chromosomes and changes of chromosomes 1 and 19 is
      briefly summarized.

PMID- 6594593
TI  - Treatment of basal cell carcinoma with 13-cis-retinoic acid.
AB  - Patients with basal cell carcinoma were treated locally with 13-cis-retinoic
      acid. Disappearance of the tumors was observed in two of fifteen patients.
      Thirteen patients whose tumors diminished after the treatment were finally
      managed surgically. Biopsy specimens were examined histopathologically and by
      autoradiography. Treated tumors showed reduction of labeling indices as compared
      with the nontreated group.

PMID- 6594594
TI  - [Freaks of nature: an unusual case of fusion].

PMID- 6594595
TI  - [A case of high caries activity in a patient treated for Parkinson disease].

PMID- 6594596
TI  - [Surgical treatment of luxation. Treatment of 16 patients following Myrhaug's
      surgical technic].

PMID- 6594597
TI  - [The effect of various socio-cultural variables on dental status in school
      children in Rotterdam].

PMID- 6594598
TI  - [Evaluation of a new first year's dental program].

PMID- 6594599
TI  - [Development of ACNU-resistant meningeal gliomatosis models: establishment of
      resistant rat glioma subline against ACNU].
AB  - Induction in vivo of resistance of C6 rat glioma and 9L rat glioma to ACNU [1-(4
      amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea
      hydrochloride] was studied and ACNU-resistant rat meningeal gliomatosis models
      were developed by using these resistant glioma sublines. Rapid acquisition of
      resistance to the agent was present at 2nd transplant generation in both glioma
      lines. Cellular resistance to ACNU remained unchanged in the absence of drug over
      5 transplant generations in vivo in spite of the fact that the drug treatment was
      discontinued at the 5th generation after a complete resistance was induced. On
      the other hand, the degree of resistance of 9L resistant subline established by
      only once ACNU treatment was found to be decreased after 5 transplant generations
      in vitro. Degree of resistance at the cellular level was observed with each
      subline by in vitro technique and compared with each other. Each subline was
      found to have different degree of resistance: 9L resistant subline showed higher
      resistance than C6 resistant subline, and the differences in degree of resistance
      between 9L resistant subline and C6 resistant subline were approximately 750 and
      20, respectively, when they were expressed as ratios of IC50 (drug concentration
      for 50% growth inhibition) for the resistant subline to the original one.

PMID- 6594600
TI  - All-trans-retinoic acid and its glucuronide are the major metabolites of 13-cis
      retinoic acid in target tissues.

PMID- 6594601
TI  - Measles--past, present, and future.

PMID- 6594603
TI  - Non-surgical methods of kidney stone removal.

PMID- 6594602
TI  - Risks and benefits of pulmonary artery catheters.

PMID- 6594604
TI  - Radionuclides, regulations, and rationality.

PMID- 6594605
TI  - Percutaneous removal of kidney stones.

PMID- 6594606
TI  - Rapidly progressive fulminating tuberculosis.

PMID- 6594607
TI  - Prospects for disease eradication or elimination.

PMID- 6594608
TI  - A 56-year-old man with fever, a changing heart murmur, anemia, and
      hepatosplenomegaly.

PMID- 6594609
TI  - Giant lymph node hyperplasia associated with heavy proteinuria.

PMID- 6594610
TI  - An unusual cause of subclavian steal syndrome.

PMID- 6594611
TI  - Long-term ultrafiltration as a treatment of refractory congestive heart failure.

PMID- 6594612
TI  - Distal kinking of a pulmonary artery catheter as a cause of fatal hemoptysis.

PMID- 6594613
TI  - Health care in Nicaragua: a social and historical perspective.

PMID- 6594614
TI  - Presidential address. President of the New Zealand Dental Association, 1983-84.

PMID- 6594615
TI  - Prevention and control of periodontal disease at the community level: is it
      feasible? The scientific basis of periodontal disease prevention.

PMID- 6594616
TI  - Prevention and control of periodontal disease at the community level: is it
      feasible? Evaluation of the success of clinical trials and community programmes.

PMID- 6594617
TI  - The magnitude of the periodontal disease problem.

PMID- 6594618
TI  - Prevention and control of periodontal disease at the community level: is it
      feasible? Implementation at the community level.

PMID- 6594619
TI  - Prevention and control of periodontal disease at the community level: is it
      feasible? Reaction: the implication of research findings.

PMID- 6594621
TI  - The hygienist issue: do dental practitioners want them in New Zealand?

PMID- 6594620
TI  - Prevention and control of periodontal disease at the community level: is it
      feasible? Reaction: consensus and contention.

PMID- 6594622
TI  - The Peter Principle and proximal lesions.

PMID- 6594623
TI  - An intermediate care nursery at Christchurch Women's Hospital: the first year.
AB  - Following the Sheldon report (UK 1971) the proportion of newborn infants admitted
      to neonatal units in England and Wales rose to 20% of live births. Admission
      policies in Christchurch have followed Sheldon's recommendations and by 1981, 37%
      of all infants born in Christchurch Women's Hospital were admitted to the
      neonatal unit. Admission criteria were reviewed in 1982 with the result that most
      infants with a birth weight greater than 2.5 kg are no longer admitted to the
      unit. In addition an intermediate nursery was opened to admit healthy but low
      birth weight (1.8 to 2.5 kg) infants together with their mothers. In 1983 only
      9.7% of inborn infants were admitted to the neonatal unit. Data relating to the
      operation of the intermediate nursery are presented.

PMID- 6594624
TI  - Induced lactation in nulliparous adoptive mothers.

PMID- 6594625
TI  - Adverse drug reactions [letter].

PMID- 6594626
TI  - An enterovirus epidemic.

PMID- 6594627
TI  - Past use of oestrogens during pregnancy in New Zealand.

PMID- 6594628
TI  - Cycle accidents.

PMID- 6594629
TI  - Colposcopy examination.

PMID- 6594630
TI  - New hope in dark times.

PMID- 6594631
TI  - Intercensal trends in cigarette smoking by New Zealand doctors and nurses.

PMID- 6594632
TI  - A guide to dental society proceedings.

PMID- 6594633
TI  - The paramolar tubercle: a morphological anomaly with clinical considerations.

PMID- 6594634
TI  - Enhancing oral health status.

PMID- 6594635
TI  - Would you believe a shortage of dentists?

PMID- 6594636
TI  - Toxicity of silver amalgam: fact or fiction.

PMID- 6594637
TI  - Inside OPD. New York State Office of Professional Discipline.

PMID- 6594638
TI  - The adventures of an American dentist in Russia.

PMID- 6594640
TI  - Defensive financial plan: priority one.

PMID- 6594639
TI  - The dentist as a defendant.

PMID- 6594641
TI  - [An anatomical study of the oral glands of Varanus selebes].

PMID- 6594642
TI  - [The standardization of electromyography of the masticatory muscles in children].

PMID- 6594643
TI  - [Effect of leucine or isoleucine on the lactate production of Streptococcus
      mutans BHT in salivary supernatant].

PMID- 6594644
TI  - [Electromyographic diagnosis of dysfunctions of the masticatory system].

PMID- 6594645
TI  - [Fine structure of the inner dental epithelial cells during tooth development in
      the dog salmon (Oncorhynchus keta; Teleostei) 1. The stage of dentin matrix
      formation].

PMID- 6594646
TI  - [A basic study on X-ray scatter data for dental roentgenography].

PMID- 6594648
TI  - [The "acceptable face" of Japanese females using lateral head plates].

PMID- 6594647
TI  - [Testing of the dental xeroradiography 110 system].

PMID- 6594649
TI  - In vitro enhancement of adriamycin cytotoxicity in human myeloid leukemia cells
      exposed to verapamil.
AB  - The natural resistance of human chronic myeloid leukemia cells to adriamycin
      (ADR) was overcome by using the cell membrane modulator verapamil (VRP). The
      studies were done in vitro. [3H] thymidine incorporation inhibition was used as a
      measure of cytotoxicity. The results clearly show an increase in the
      effectiveness of ADR when used along with VRP, which may be due to the changes in
      the cell membrane brought about by VRP.

PMID- 6594650
TI  - Factitial injuries to the gingiva: a case report.

PMID- 6594651
TI  - Dentistry and the problems of normal aging.

PMID- 6594652
TI  - Correction of skeletal Class II malocclusions with deep bite by rapid extrusion
      of posterior teeth.
AB  - Patients with skeletal Class II malocclusions and deep bites can be difficult to
      manage properly. Dental compensations, mandibular retrognathia, vertical
      dysplasia of inadequate posterior alveolar growth, and compensating chin effects
      must be considered if one is to achieve ideal treatment results. The eleven cases
      presented were managed through a combination of surgery, orthodontics, and rapid
      extrusion of the posterior dental arches. The rapid extrusion process is begun
      during the surgical healing phase, thereby decreasing total treatment time. Other
      advantages include simplicity of the surgical procedure, acceptance by the
      patient, stability of the facial and dental results, and possible avoidance of
      additional chin surgery.

PMID- 6594653
TI  - Surgery of the temporomandibular joint. I. Surgical anatomy and surgical
      incisions.
AB  - Surgical anatomy is highly specific and correlates well with the surgical
      approaches to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The preauricular, endaural, and
      postauricular incisions are used for conventional surgery and microsurgery of the
      TMJ. Indications for the selection of the desired incision are given. The
      surgical technique of each incision is described in detail. Elevation of a
      continuous superoinferior flap of the temporalis fascia, the periosteum over the
      zygomatic arch, and the paratideomasseteric fascia lifts up and protects the
      branches of the facial nerve. Elevation in this fascia plane results in a skin
      fascia flap with the branches of the facial nerve contained and protected within
      the tissues. This basic skin-fascia flap is developed in all three incisions--the
      preauricular, the endaural, and the postauricular.

PMID- 6594654
TI  - Surgery of the temporomandibular joint. II. Microsurgery.
AB  - The operating microscope has revolutionized many surgical procedures. Pioneering
      microtechniques for exploring and reconstructing the temporomandibular joint have
      been modified. The preauricular, endaural, and postauricular incisions may be
      used for approaching the temporomandibular joint in microsurgery procedures.
      Determinations of pathologic conditions and observations of temporomandibular
      joint function-dysfunction are dramatic and rewarding. Precision surgery using
      microinstruments, microneedles, microdrills, bipolar cautery, and the laser
      allows accuracy of technique that previously was impossible. Representative case
      presentations illustrate patient treatment, surgical incision, microsurgical
      technique employed, and clinical results obtained.

PMID- 6594655
TI  - Congenital cystic dilatation of the submandibular duct.
AB  - A lesion which appeared clinically consistent with a ranula was explored
      surgically and found to represent a dilated submandibular duct. The differential
      diagnosis of cystlike swelling in the floor of the mouth should include
      sialolithiasis, mucous retention phenomenon (mucocele, ranula), dermoid and
      epidermal inclusion cyst, thyroglossal duct cyst, branchial cleft cyst,
      hemangioma, lymphangioma, cystic hygroma, lipoma, and occasionally pleomorphic
      adenoma. The case presented here demonstrates, both clinically and
      histologically, the cystic appendix-like appearance of a dilated submandibular
      duct manifest at birth. Reference is made to the limited number of similar cases
      noted in the relevant literature.

PMID- 6594656
TI  - Major salivary glands in branchial arch syndromes.
AB  - In five patients with branchial arch syndromes the presence of the salivary
      glands was demonstrated. Clinical, sialographic, and scintigraphic examinations
      revealed morphologic defects and diminished function of the parotid glands.
      Hyperfunction of the submandibular glands was assumed in the three patients in
      whom scintigraphic studies were performed. The findings may be of diagnostic
      value in patients in whom the clinical signs of the syndrome have remained
      occult.

PMID- 6594657
TI  - Molluscum contagiosum of the oral mucosa.
AB  - A case of molluscum contagiosum involving the buccal mucosa is reported. A review
      of the literature disclosed only two documented cases of this tumor with oral
      involvement, emphasizing its rare occurrence in the oral cavity.

PMID- 6594658
TI  - Multiple mucous retention cysts of the oral mucosa.
AB  - While mucoceles of the oral mucosa are relatively common, multiple mucous
      retention cysts have not previously been reported. In this article two such
      cases, in which numerous minor salivary gland ducts had dilated to the point of
      cyst formation, are described. The number of individual cysts exceeded 100 in
      each case. Since it is clear that these cysts formed as a result of dilatation of
      salivary ducts, it would seem that either the ducts were blocked by altered
      secretion or there was an acquired or congenital weakness in their structure.

PMID- 6594659
TI  - Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in a young woman. Report of a case with
      etiologic considerations.
AB  - An uncommon case of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in a young adult is
      presented. The lesion was physically related to a metallurgically flawed gold
      crown that was in place for 15 years. Detailed recording of findings and
      reporting of nontypical cases of oral cancer is suggested with a view to
      identification of etiologic factors.

PMID- 6594660
TI  - Renal carcinoma presenting as a primary submandibular gland tumor.
AB  - An unusual case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma presenting as a submandibular
      salivary gland tumor is presented, and its differentiation from a primary clear
      cell neoplasm of salivary origin is discussed.

PMID- 6594661
TI  - Detection of human papovavirus antigen in oral papillary lesions.
AB  - The papillary lesions of oral verruca vulgaris, condyloma acuminatum, and
      verrucous carcinoma were examined for the presence of papovavirus antigens by the
      peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical methods. The antigens could be
      detected in the nuclei of cells only in the stratum granulosum and stratum
      corneum in some cases of verruca vulgaris and condyloma acuminatum but in no case
      of verrucous carcinoma.

PMID- 6594662
TI  - In vivo fixative effect of formocresol on pulpotomized deciduous teeth of dogs.
AB  - Formocresol was checked with respect to its in vivo fixative effect after
      pulpotomy, through observation of tissue resistance to necrosis. The root pulps
      were freed from their hard-tissue wrapping and processed for 48 hours, followed
      or not by capping (15 days) with zinc oxide-eugenol or with zinc oxide-eugenol
      formocresol. The effect of only capping with zinc oxide-eugenol, with or without
      formocresol, was also recorded.

PMID- 6594663
TI  - Gagging in dental radiography.
AB  - The frequency of gagging during full-mouth radiography was evaluated in 478
      patients. Gagging was observed in 13% of the patients. The frequency of gagging
      differed significantly in groups radiographed by trained radiographers and by
      students (9% and 26%, respectively). Gagging occurred in all regions but most
      frequently in the maxillary molar area. The technical skill, authority, and self
      confidence of the operator were major factors of importance in preventing and
      suppressing gag reflexes in dental radiography.

PMID- 6594664
TI  - Contribution of radiographs to the diagnosis of naso-alveolar cyst.
AB  - Eight cases of nasoalveolar cyst are reported; seven of these cases demonstrated
      radiographically identifiable changes. The literature is reviewed, and clinical
      and cytologic characteristics of the lesions are discussed. The importance of
      radiographs in the diagnosis of nasoalveolar cysts is emphasized.

PMID- 6594665
TI  - Reproducibility of radiographs with the orthopantomograph 5: tooth-length
      assessment.
AB  - The precision of tooth-length assessments based on repeated panoramic radiographs
      made with a Siemens OP 5 was investigated in three groups of twenty patients. Two
      exposures of the same patient were made under three different radiographic
      conditions. Of the tooth lengths, nonmeasurability was found in 14% to 17%. The
      variability (standard deviation) of the measurements assessed from repeated
      radiographs ranged from 0.65 to 0.85 mm, or 2.4% to 3.1% of the mean radiographic
      tooth length in the different patient groups. The measurement error ranged from
      0.43 to 0.56 mm, indicating that the main source of error inherent in the method
      was recognition of the reference points. Small differences were found between the
      tooth groups and between the right and left sides.

PMID- 6594666
TI  - Traumatic myositis ossificans.

PMID- 6594667
TI  - Periosteal compact osteoma.

PMID- 6594668
TI  - Pulmonary leukemia in a child presenting with infiltrative and nodular lesions.
AB  - A leukemic child developed a pulmonary leukemic infiltration, confirmed by open
      lung biopsy. His radiograph showed a mixed interstitial and nodular pattern.
      Nodular lung lesions are rare in pediatric patients and may exceptionally
      represent leukemic invasion.

PMID- 6594669
TI  - [Use of Ommaya reservoirs in the treatment of meningeal relapse of acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia].
AB  - We report our experience in the treatment of meningeal relapses in acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with intraventricular chemotherapy via an Ommaya
      reservoir. We treated 5 children in this way with some complications secondary to
      the use of the reservoir: methotrexate leukoencephalopathy, bacterial meningitis,
      reservoir malfunction. But patient comfort homogeneous drug distribution when
      injected via the Ommaya reservoir and the possibility of long term meningeal
      remission justify the discussion of the use of an Ommaya reservoir use in
      meningeal relapses in ALL.

PMID- 6594670
TI  - [Abnormality of chromosome number 1 in 3 cases of acute transformation of chronic
      myeloid leukemia].
AB  - The authors report three cases of Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
      with chromosome no 1 abnormalities. Such abnormalities have seldom been reported:
      three cases out of 42 in blast crisis and none of the 70 patients in the chronic
      phase in our series. In case no 1 a translocation: (t(1q;14q) was noted. In case
      no 2 the rearrangement was more complex: partial duplication of the long arm of
      chromosome no 1 and presence of a 21q+ corresponding to chromosome no 21 on which
      a part of the long arm of chromosome no 1 was transferred. In case no 3 a double
      translocation was noted between chromosomes no 1 and no 11, involving either the
      p or q arm. A review of the literature shows that abnormalities of chromosome no
      1 are more frequent during the blast crisis that in the chronic phase of CML.
      Chromosome no 1 abnormalities are found in a number of myeloproliferative
      syndromes but even more frequently in solid tumors. The rearrangement sites are
      reviewed by the authors. Such rearrangements of chromosome no 1 may indicate an
      increased potential of malignancy.

PMID- 6594671
TI  - Hospital report 2. An inspired tale of the old iron lung.

PMID- 6594672
TI  - Characterization and regulation in the expression of a gene coding for the
      intermediate filament protein desmin.
AB  - Using synthetic oligonucleotide probes, we have isolated chicken cDNA clones for
      the intermediate filament protein desmin. We show that the gene for this protein
      probably exists as a single copy in the haploid chicken genome and is transcribed
      into one mature mRNA species of approximately equal to 2.4 kilobases. Expression
      of this mRNA is tissue-specific, as it is present in high abundance in smooth and
      skeletal muscle but is absent from erythrocytes, spinal cord, and lens cells. A
      10- to 20-fold increase in desmin mRNA is observed in myogenic cells upon fusion,
      which suggests that the level of expression of the desmin gene and the
      accumulation of desmin filaments during muscle differentiation is regulated at
      the transcriptional and/or posttranscriptional level but not at the translational
      level. Hybridization studies and nucleotide sequence comparison of the cDNAs
      specific for desmin and for other intermediate filament subunits reveal a region
      that is highly conserved (80%) among different members of the intermediate
      filament protein gene superfamily, with the exception of the chicken vimentin
      gene; this gene appears to be less homologous to the genes for the other chicken
      intermediate filament subunits than the mammalian vimentin gene is to the genes
      for other mammalian intermediate filament proteins and to the chicken desmin
      gene.

PMID- 6594674
TI  - Isolation of brain fibroblast growth factor by heparin-Sepharose affinity
      chromatography: identity with pituitary fibroblast growth factor.
AB  - Brain and pituitary fibroblast growth factors (FGF) have been purified to
      apparent homogeneity from crude tissue extracts by a three-step procedure,
      including salt precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and heparin-Sepharose
      affinity chromatography. Brain and pituitary FGF have similar amino acid
      compositions and are indistinguishable with respect to molecular weight (16,000
      by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), retention behavior in reversed-phase high
      performance liquid chromatography, and recognition by antibodies directed against
      the amino-terminal sequence of pituitary FGF. Brain FGF preparations purified by
      heparin-Sepharose contain, in addition to the major FGF molecular species, at
      least two additional forms of the growth factor, which appear to be very similar
      by all the above criteria, except for retention in high-performance liquid
      chromatography.

PMID- 6594673
TI  - Nonrandom binding of the carcinogen N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene to repetitive
      sequences of rat liver DNA in vivo.
AB  - We have examined the distribution of individual adducts in repetitive DNA
      sequences of rat liver in vivo after a single dose of the carcinogen N-hydroxy-2
      acetyl-aminofluorene. Repetitive fragments [82, 125, 179, 225, and 370 base pairs
      (bp)] were isolated by digestion of hepatic DNA with HindIII restriction
      endonuclease (EC 3.1.23.21) and gel electrophoresis. As assayed by 32P
      postlabeling, no qualitative differences were observed between the DNA-bound
      metabolites in repetitive sequences and total DNA, but preferential binding to
      these sequences occurred. After 1 day of treatment, the amounts of N-hydroxy-2
      acetylaminofluorene-induced adducts were found to be 13.8, 2.0, and 3.0 times
      higher in 179-, 225-, and 370-bp repeats, respectively, than in total DNA, while
      82- and 125-bp repeats showed no differences. The relative distribution of
      individual adducts varied among the various sequences. After 9 days, all five
      sequences showed 1.3-1.7 times higher binding as compared to total DNA. In
      contrast, a random binding was observed when DNA reacted in vitro with an active
      metabolite, N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene. Taken together, these results
      suggest that the enrichment and differential excision of adducts in the
      repetitive DNA sequences may be a function of the nuclear organization of DNA.
      This application of the 32P assay constitutes a means to study the DNA damage and
      excision repair in vivo in chromatin structural components, including transcribed
      and nontranscribed multiple-copy genes, in a much more sensitive and precise way
      than has been hitherto possible.

PMID- 6594675
TI  - Phosphorylation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor by an endogenous tyrosine
      specific protein kinase.
AB  - Postsynaptic membranes from the electric organ of Torpedo californica, rich in
      the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, were shown to contain an endogenous
      tyrosine protein kinase. This endogenous kinase phosphorylated three major
      proteins with molecular masses corresponding to 50 kDa, 60 kDa, and 65 kDa. The
      phosphorylation of these three proteins occurred exclusively on tyrosine residues
      under the experimental conditions used and was abolished by 0.1% Nonidet P-40 and
      stimulated by Mn2+. The 50-kDa, and 60-kDa, and 65-kDa phosphoproteins were
      demonstrated to be the beta, gamma, and delta subunits, respectively, of the
      nicotinic acetylcholine receptor by purification of the phosphorylated receptor
      using affinity chromatography. The endogenous tyrosine kinase specifically
      phosphorylated the beta, gamma, and delta subunits rapidly to a final
      stoichiometry of approximately equal to 0.5 mol of phosphate per mol of sub-unit.
      Two-dimensional phosphopeptide mapping of the phosphorylated beta, gamma, and
      delta subunits, after limit proteolysis with trypsin or thermolysin, indicated
      that each subunit was phosphorylated on a single site. Locations are proposed for
      the amino acid residues phosphorylated on the receptor by the tyrosine-specific
      protein kinase and by two other protein kinases (cAMP-dependent protein kinase
      and protein kinase C) which phosphorylate the receptor.

PMID- 6594676
TI  - Distribution of reversing factor in reticulocyte lysates during active protein
      synthesis and on inhibition by heme deprivation or double-stranded RNA.
AB  - We have recently shown a direct correlation between protein synthetic activity
      and the function of reversing factor (RF) as a catalyst of GDP-GTP exchange in
      whole reticulocyte lysates under normal conditions and on inhibition of protein
      synthesis by heme deficiency, double-stranded RNA, or oxidized glutathione. In
      this paper we report that RF is detectable as a nonribosomal complex with
      eukaryotic initiation factor 2 phosphorylated in its alpha subunit [eIF-2(alpha
      P)] in whole lysates inhibited by heme deprivation or by double-stranded RNA. The
      complex contains no unphosphorylated eIF-2 alpha, and the GDP present is freely
      dissociable. All nonribosomal eIF-2(alpha P) is complexed with RF in fully
      inhibited lysates; we have not detected free eIF-2(alpha P). RF in this [RF X eIF
      2(alpha P)] complex is unavailable to catalyze the release of GDP from eIF-2-GDP.
      Dephosphorylation of eIF-2(alpha P) present in nonribosomal fractions releases
      active RF, which is able to carry out its normal guanine nucleotide exchange
      function.

PMID- 6594677
TI  - Creatine kinase protein sequence encoded by a cDNA made from Torpedo californica
      electric organ mRNA.
AB  - Creatine kinase (ATP creatine N-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.3.2) is important in
      the maintenance of ATP levels in high energy-requiring tissues such as muscle and
      brain. A complete understanding of its function requires knowledge of its amino
      acid sequence. To obtain cDNA clones encoding creatine kinase sequences, a cDNA
      bank was constructed using mRNA from the electric organ of Torpedo californica
      and was screened by comparing differential colony hybridization of electric organ
      and liver-derived 32P-labeled cDNAs. Cloned DNAs have been isolated that can
      arrest the abundant synthesis of Mr 40,000-43,000 material seen after in vitro
      translation of electric organ mRNA. One of the clones, CK52g8, was sequenced by
      the dideoxy M13 method and was found to encode a Mr 42,941 protein, which is 68%
      homologous to a known partial sequence of rabbit muscle creatine kinase and which
      has a composition similar to creatine kinases from chicken and rabbit tissues. By
      contrast, no significant homology was found with the known sequences of kinases
      that use other substrates. RNA blot hybridization analysis indicated that CK52g8
      is complementary to a 1600-base-pair mRNA. Primer extension analysis indicated
      that CK52g8 is only 5 nucleotides short of a full-length cDNA, implying that it
      encodes a complete protein sequence. The availability of this complete sequence
      should be useful in further studies of creatine kinase structure and function
      using techniques such as site-specific mutagenesis.

PMID- 6594678
TI  - Isolation and visualization of active presynaptic filaments of recA protein and
      single-stranded DNA.
AB  - In the presence of ATP, recA protein forms a presynaptic complex with single
      stranded DNA that is an obligatory intermediate in homologous pairing.
      Presynaptic complexes of recA protein and circular single strands that are active
      in forming joint molecules can be isolated by gel filtration. These isolated
      active complexes are nucleoprotein filaments with the following characteristics:
      (i) a contour length that is at least 1.5 times that of the corresponding duplex
      DNA molecule, (ii) an ordered structure visualized by negative staining as a
      striated filament with a repeat distance of 9.0 nm and a width of 9.3 nm, (iii)
      approximately 8 molecules of recA protein and 20 nucleotide residues per
      striation. The widened spacing between bases in the nucleoprotein filament means
      that the initial matching of complementary sequences must involve intertwining of
      the filament and duplex DNA, unwinding of the latter, or some combination of both
      to equalize the spacing between nascent base pairs. These experiments support the
      concept that recA protein first forms a filament with single-stranded DNA, which
      in turn binds to duplex DNA to mediate both homologous pairing and subsequent
      strand exchange.

PMID- 6594679
TI  - Extreme instability of myc mRNA in normal and transformed human cells.
AB  - To address the possibility that the expression of the myc gene might be regulated
      at a post-transcriptional level, we have investigated the half-life of myc mRNA
      in various cells. Our survey included normal human embryonic fibroblasts as well
      as transformed human cells of various origins: cervix carcinoma (HeLa), breast
      carcinoma (MCF7), Burkitt lymphoma (Daudi), and promyelocytic leukemia (HL60).
      All these cells revealed an extreme instability of myc mRNA (half-life,
      approximately equal to 10 min), suggesting that the control of myc mRNA
      degradation might be a general means (although not necessarily exclusive) of
      regulating both the level and the timing of myc gene expression. Inhibition of
      protein synthesis resulted in a dramatic stabilization of myc mRNA in HeLa, MCF7,
      and HL60 cells, suggesting that the controlling element might itself be, at least
      in these cells, a protein of rapid turnover. This finding opens the way to
      studying the mechanism of myc mRNA inactivation in these different cell types.
      However, protein synthesis inhibition had no effect on myc mRNA instability in
      other transformed (Daudi) cell lines as well as normal embryonic human
      fibroblasts. These different types of behavior suggest that the post
      transcriptional control of myc gene expression might involve multiple factors
      that would be differently affected in various cell types.

PMID- 6594680
TI  - Overexpression of the c-src protein does not induce transformation of NIH 3T3
      cells.
AB  - NIH 3T3 mouse cells were transfected with plasmids that induce efficient
      expression of either (i) the Rous sarcoma virus v-src gene, (ii) the chicken c
      src gene, or (iii) a recombinant gene combining the 5' portion of c-src with the
      3' end of v-src. Focus formation in tissue culture and formation of large
      colonies in soft agar did not occur in cells transfected with c-src. Cells
      transfected with c-src expression plasmids did not form foci but were isolated
      using a coselectable biological marker. They display morphological and substrate
      independent growth characteristics intermediate between those of normal and v-src
      transformed mouse cells, and lysates from these cells have enhanced in vitro
      tyrosine kinase activity. Transfection with the c-src-v-src recombinant induced
      focus formation with an efficiency similar to that obtained with a v-src
      expression plasmid. These results imply that v-src-induced transformation does
      not result just from overexpression of an essentially normal cellular protein
      but, at least in part, depends on the mutations distinguishing the cellular and
      viral proteins.

PMID- 6594681
TI  - Enzymology of the response of the carpal tunnel syndrome to riboflavin and to
      combined riboflavin and pyridoxine.
AB  - Differential enzymic analyses of the erythrocyte glutamic-oxaloacetic
      transaminase and the erythrocyte glutathione reductase of a patient with a 3-yr
      history of the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) revealed high deficiencies of both
      vitamin B-6 and riboflavin as based on approximately equal to 30% levels of the
      specific activities of these enzymes. Riboflavin for 5 months caused nearly
      complete disappearance of the CTS and caused no change in the specific activity
      of erythrocyte glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase. Combined riboflavin and
      pyridoxine treatment increased (P less than 0.001) the specific activities of
      erythrocyte glutathione reductase and erythrocyte glutamic-oxaloacetic
      transaminase to normal levels with total disappearance of the CTS. Objectively,
      the strength of pinch of both hands increased (P less than 0.001) on treatment
      with riboflavin and further increased (P less than 0.001) on the combined
      treatment. For the first time, a significant riboflavin deficiency has been found
      to be related to CTS. Riboflavin therapy was effective biochemically,
      subjectively, and objectively, and riboflavin and pyridoxine were even more
      effective when concomitantly administered.

PMID- 6594682
TI  - On the protein (tyrosine)-chromophore (protonated Schiff base) coupling in
      bacteriorhodopsin.
AB  - The kinetics of formation of both the tyrosinate ion (from its absorption at 296
      nm) and the deprotonated Schiff base (M412) (from its absorption at 404 nm) are
      studied simultaneously at different pH values (7-11) and temperatures (5-25
      degrees C). Two formation rates are observed for M412 in agreement with previous
      observations. The slow one is dominant under physiological conditions and is
      found to be slightly faster than that for the tyrosinate formation. This is in
      disagreement with the proposal that the tyrosinate formation is a prerequisite to
      the deprotonation of the Schiff base (M412). The ratio of the amplitudes of the
      fast and slow components is found to be sensitive to pH and, at any pH, it can be
      used to calculate an amino acid pKa value of 9.6. This is explained by proposing
      the existence of two sites for the protonated Schiff base within the protein. In
      one site, the Schiff base is near the neutral form of an amino acid residue with
      a pKa value of 9.6 (giving rise to the slow component), while in the other, it is
      near its conjugate base. The formation of the tyrosinate ion as well as the
      formation of the slow and fast components of M412 all have activation energies
      that are comparable to H-bond energies. A model is suggested to account for this
      and the comparable deprotonation rates of tyrosine and the slow component of the
      protonated Schiff base. It involves the reduction of their pKa by their exposure
      to a positively charged species.

PMID- 6594683
TI  - A consistent picture of protein dynamics.
AB  - Information about the protein dynamics of myoglobin obtained by x-ray and
      Mossbauer investigations is analyzed and compared with computer simulations.
      Computer simulations give correct amplitudes of mean-square displacements but
      fail in the description of the time dependence of motions. Our model describes
      protein dynamics at physiological temperatures as an overdamped diffusion-like
      motion in a restricted space. The fluctuations occur around the average
      conformation determined by x-ray structure analysis. The gain in entropy drives
      the molecule into the transition state and, in this way, accounts for its
      flexibility.

PMID- 6594684
TI  - Order of free energy couplings between ligand binding and protein subunit
      association in hemoglobin.
AB  - The number of protein subunits that must be liganded to effect changes in subunit
      interaction may be characterized by defining an order for the free energy
      couplings between these two processes. From available data on the chemical
      equilibrium of stripped hemoglobin A with oxygen, I show that couplings are
      unequivocally of first order. The two-state model of cooperative binding is shown
      to be incompatible with the results of this analysis, as the Monod-Wyman-Changeux
      parameters derived from the same experimental data demand free energy couplings
      of an order higher than the second.

PMID- 6594685
TI  - Activation and fusion induced by 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and their
      relation in alveolar macrophages.
AB  - 1 alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1 alpha,25-(OH)2D3] induces fusion of murine
      alveolar macrophages. This effect was observed in growth medium containing 5%
      human serum but not in the medium with 5% fetal bovine serum. Unlike 1 alpha,25
      (OH)2D3, bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) did not induce fusion of alveolar
      macrophages. However, both 1 alpha,25-(OH)2D3 and LPS activated alveolar
      macrophages, as measured by glucose consumption, increase in Fc receptors, and
      induction of cytotoxicity. The number of Fc receptors on the surface of
      multinucleated giant cells induced by 1 alpha,25-(OH)2D3 was much smaller than
      that on the surface of mononuclear macrophages treated with the hormone. These
      results indicate that 1 alpha,25-(OH)2D3 induces both fusion and activation of
      alveolar macrophages, whereas LPS elicits activation only.

PMID- 6594687
TI  - Synthesis of a major integral membrane polypeptide of rat liver peroxisomes on
      free polysomes.
AB  - The manner of synthesis and assembly of the peroxisomal membrane proteins is
      unknown. Understanding these processes is essential to an understanding of the
      formation of the organelle. We have investigated the biogenesis of the previously
      identified major 21.7-kDa integral peroxisomal membrane polypeptide [Fujiki, Y.,
      Fowler, S., Shio, H., Hubbard, A. L. & Lazarow, P. B. (1982) J. Cell Biol. 93,
      103-110]. This protein was purified to apparent homogeneity and used to elicit a
      rabbit antiserum. In immunoblotting analysis, antibody bound only to the 22-kDa
      membrane polypeptide present exclusively in peroxisomal membranes. Total rat
      liver RNA was translated in a nuclease-treated rabbit reticulocyte cell-free
      protein-synthesizing system. The in vitro translation product, isolated by means
      of the antibody and Staphylococcus aureus cells, comigrated with the mature 22
      kDa polypeptide in NaDodSO4/PAGE. Analysis of the translation products of RNAs
      from free and membrane-bound polysomes indicated that the mRNA for the 22-kDa
      membrane polypeptide is found predominantly in free polysomes. The results imply
      post-translational insertion of the membrane polypeptide into the peroxisomal
      membrane without proteolytic processing and suggest that peroxisomes, like
      mitochondria and chloroplasts, form by fission from preexisting organelles.

PMID- 6594686
TI  - Photomorphogenesis in Physarum: induction of tubulins and sporulation-specific
      proteins and of their mRNAs.
AB  - Sporangiophore formation in Physarum plasmodia starts about 10 hr after
      photoinduction. It is characterized by the induction of two tubulins and of at
      least 15 major sporangiophore morphogenetic proteins. In vitro translation of
      extracted mRNA revealed that differential gene expression is based on a highly
      synchronous temporal program of loss of plasmodial and induction of sporulation
      specific mRNA species. Using a cloned cDNA encoding part of a sporangiophore
      morphogenetic protein from Physarum as a probe it was found that the induction of
      the complementary mRNA activity is due to the induction of the mRNA itself. The
      results suggest that light induces, with a lag phase of about 10 hr, the
      transient activation of sporulation-specific genes.

PMID- 6594688
TI  - Expression of cellular oncogenes during embryonic and fetal development of the
      mouse.
AB  - Cellular oncogenes are conserved with great fidelity across a broad span of
      evolution. This avid conservation suggests possible roles in critical physiologic
      functions. Little, however, is known about their activity in normal cellular
      processes. In this study, we examined the expression pattern of eight cellular
      oncogenes during embryonic and fetal development of the mouse. Five of these
      genes (c-myc, c-erb, c-Ha-ras, c-src, and c-sis) were expressed at appreciable
      levels, and four were modulated in a consistent manner during the course of
      prenatal development.

PMID- 6594689
TI  - Internal duplication in human alpha 1 and beta 1 interferons.
AB  - Metric analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the intron-free human interferon
      beta 1 (IFN-beta 1) gene by using the Sellers TT algorithm revealed that this
      gene contains two major repeated segments, which span the entire coding region.
      These repeats are each approximately 300 nucleotides in length and have 45%
      identical aligned nucleotides (common bases). When these metrically aligned DNA
      repeats were translated into amino acids, 9 (19%) of the 47 in-phase amino acid
      residues were identical (common acids). This internal duplication was also
      apparent on visual inspection of the amino acid sequence of IFN-beta 1. In
      addition, metric analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the intron-free IFN-alpha
      1 gene showed that this gene also contains two repeats, each approximately 300
      nucleotides long, having 47% common bases and 19% common acids. Since the IFN
      alpha 1 and -beta 1 genes are known to be related (by the present metric analysis
      they contain 53% common bases and 45% common acids), a consensus DNA sequence was
      derived from all four of these repeats. Manual alignment of the separate metric
      alignments corresponding to the two halves of the IFN-alpha 1 and -beta 1 genes
      provided a composite alignment with 58% of the alignment positions having the
      same nucleotide in at least three of the four repeats. When this composite
      nucleotide alignment was translated to define a composite alignment of the four
      protein segments, 10 (31%) of the 32 in-phase amino acid residues contained the
      same amino acid in at least three of the four segments. These sequences
      relationships provide insight into the origin of the IFN-alpha 1 and -beta 1
      genes and furnish an additional basis for comparing them with other related
      genes.

PMID- 6594690
TI  - Schwann cell proliferation and localized proteolysis: expression of plasminogen
      activator activity predominates in the proliferating cell populations.
AB  - The role of the serum proteolytic system plasminogen/plasminogen activator as a
      biochemical tool used by the glia or neurons, or both, for maintaining their
      temporary and flexible cellular interactions during histogenesis of the nervous
      system is under study. The present report identifies a glia cell type, the
      Schwann cell, as one of the cellular components of the nervous system that uses
      extracellular proteolysis at the time of the tissue construction. Purified
      dividing mouse Schwann cells in culture produce extracellular plasminogen
      activator. The levels of extracellular plasminogen-activator activity, as
      measured by the biochemical fibrinolytic assay, were directly related to the
      proliferation rates of the Schwann cells. The cellular plasminogen-activator
      specific activity at the maximal rate of cell proliferation was 3-4 times higher
      than that of the cells at low rate of mitosis. It is concluded that plasminogen
      activator activity is expressed predominantly by the proliferating Schwann cell
      populations, suggesting that the extracellular proteolysis is used by the tissue
      at those stages when the cells divide.

PMID- 6594691
TI  - Denervation of rat adrenal glands markedly increases preproenkephalin mRNA.
AB  - The effect of denervation on the expression of rat adrenal proenkephalin has been
      examined. Following splanchnicectomy there was a several-fold increase in the
      steady-state levels of preproenkephalin mRNA, which became maximal after 24-48 hr
      (greater than 10-fold). These results indicate that the previously observed
      increase in rat adrenal enkephalin-containing peptides following denervation
      occurs entirely by a pretranslational mechanism. The increase in preproenkephalin
      mRNA was accompanied by a 50-75% decrease in rat adrenal poly(A)+ RNA. Neural
      input thus exerts a profound trophic influence on proenkephalin gene expression
      and RNA metabolism in rat adrenals.

PMID- 6594692
TI  - Salt-induced Z-A-Z transition sequence in the mixed ribo-deoxyribo copolymer
      poly(rG-dC) X poly(rG-dC).
AB  - The left-handed helical conformation of various polynucleotides has been seen in
      solution at higher salt concentration than has the right-handed helical
      conformation of the corresponding polymer. We report here, however, studies of
      conformational transitions in the mixed polymer poly-(rG-dC) X poly(rG-dC). This
      polynucleotide appears to exist in a Z conformation under low-salt conditions,
      converts to an A helix at intermediate salt, and reverts to a left-handed helix
      at high-salt concentration.

PMID- 6594693
TI  - In vivo modulation of rat liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase,
      reductase kinase, and reductase kinase kinase by mevalonolactone.
AB  - It has been previously demonstrated that the enzymic activity of rat liver 3
      hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase; EC 1.1.1.34) is
      modulated in vitro and in vivo by a bicyclic cascade system involving reversible
      phosphorylation of HMG-CoA reductase and reductase kinase. In the present study,
      administration of mevalonolactone to rats caused a rapid inhibition of HMG-CoA
      reductase activity. The initial short-term (20-min) reversible inhibition (38%)
      of enzyme activity was due to increased phosphorylation of HMG-CoA reductase. The
      inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity by increased phosphorylation was
      associated with an increased activity and phosphorylation (2- to 3-fold) of
      reductase kinase. The increased phosphorylation of reductase kinase was catalyzed
      by reductase kinase kinase, which was significantly elevated (3- to 4-fold) after
      the administration of mevalonolactone to rats. The mechanism for the in vivo
      activation of reductase kinase kinase is as yet unknown. Mevalonolactone
      administration was also associated with a significant inhibition of
      phosphoprotein phosphatase activity, which dephosphorylates both HMG-CoA
      reductase (activation) and reductase kinase (inactivation). These results
      indicate that mevalonolactone administration to rats in vivo was associated with
      an inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity by two mechanisms: (i) an increase in
      the degree of phosphorylation of both HMG-CoA reductase and reductase kinase due
      to increased activity of reductase kinase kinase; (ii) a decrease in the
      dephosphorylation of both HMG-CoA reductase and reductase kinase secondary to
      inhibition of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity. These combined effects favor
      an increase in the steady-state level of the phosphorylated forms of both HMG-CoA
      reductase and reductase kinase, resulting in a net reduction in the enzymic
      activity of HMG-CoA reductase and mevalonate formation. These results demonstrate
      that the activity of reductase kinase kinase is modulated in vivo, providing a
      mechanism for the regulation of the activities of both reductase kinase and HMG
      CoA reductase.

PMID- 6594694
TI  - Characterization of a human liver cytochrome P-450 involved in the oxidation of
      debrisoquine and other drugs by using antibodies raised to the analogous rat
      enzyme.
AB  - Debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase activity is a prototype for genetic polymorphism in
      oxidative drug metabolism in humans; approximately 10% of Caucasian populations
      exhibit the poor metabolizer phenotype, and the clearance of at least 14 other
      drugs has been shown to be deficient in patients exhibiting this phenotype.
      Antibodies prepared to a cytochrome P-450 shown to be responsible for
      debrisoquine 4-hydroxylation in rats were found to inhibit the oxidation of
      debrisoquine and sparteine, encainide, and propranolol, three other drugs
      suggested to be associated with this phenotype, in human liver microsomes. The
      antibodies did not inhibit the oxidation of seven other cytochrome P-450
      substrates. The antibodies recognized a single polypeptide of Mr51,000 after
      combined sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide electrophoresis and immunochemical
      staining of human liver microsomes. The intensity of this band was significantly
      correlated with debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase activity when liver microsomes from 44
      organ donors were examined. Immunoprecipitation of in vitro translation products
      of total liver RNA revealed major electrophoretic bands corresponding to the
      cytochrome P-450 in rats and humans. The level of translatable mRNA coding for
      the debrisoquine-hydroxylating cytochrome P-450 was an order of magnitude less in
      human liver than in rat liver. The availability of these antibodies provides a
      biochemical basis for further basic and clinical studies on the role of a
      particular cytochrome P-450 polymorphism in humans.

PMID- 6594695
TI  - A placental polypeptide activator of a membranous protein kinase and its relation
      to histone 1.
AB  - Crude transforming growth factor preparations of placenta contain a polypeptide
      that is required for the activity of a protein kinase that has been purified from
      plasma membrane preparations of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. The kinase activator
      has been separated from transforming growth factor beta by reversed-phase HPLC
      and affinity chromatography. Like the transforming growth factor, it is heat
      stable and trypsin labile, but it is not inactivated by dithiothreitol. In sodium
      dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the purified preparation shows
      a major double band at about 31,000 daltons. Comparisons of electrophoretic
      mobility, protein kinase stimulatory activity, and cross-reactivity with an
      antibody against histone 1 suggest that the placental activator is identical with
      histone 1.

PMID- 6594696
TI  - Induction of a Ca2+, Mg2+-dependent endonuclease activity during the early stages
      of murine erythroleukemic cell differentiation.
AB  - A Ca2+, Mg2+-dependent endonuclease activity was detected in erythroleukemic
      cells undergoing differentiation in vitro in response to induction by dimethyl
      sulfoxide (Me2SO) or hexamethylene-bis-acetamide (HMBA). The endonuclease
      activity was demonstrated in isolated nuclei within 6 hr after the addition of
      inducer, reached maximum levels between 24 and 48 hr, and returned to control
      levels within 72 hr. The activity caused single strand breaks in high molecular
      weight native DNA, which could be labeled at exposed 3'-OH termini with
      Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I and radiolabeled nucleotides. Alkaline elution
      studies revealed DNA fragmentation that appeared coincident with the presence of
      the endonuclease activity. The detection and levels of single strand DNA breakage
      correlated with induction of terminal differentiation by Me2SO or HMBA. Induction
      of the endonuclease activity was reversible: depletion of Me2SO from the growth
      medium after treatment for 6 and 18 hr led to a rapid decrease in the level of
      activity. Removal of the inducer prevented terminal differentiation, a finding
      that strongly suggests the endonuclease activity is present during the
      precommitment phase of differentiation. DNA fragmentation was not observed in
      cells incubated with hemin, which has been shown previously to increase the
      cytoplasmic level of globin mRNA without causing commitment to terminal
      maturation. Me2SO did not induce the endonuclease activity or DNA fragmentation
      in an uninducible Friend cell line.

PMID- 6594697
TI  - Isolation of the heterogeneous nuclear RNA-ribonucleoprotein complex (hnRNP): a
      unique supramolecular assembly.
AB  - The packaging of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA), the fate of hnRNA in the
      nucleus, and the conversion of hnRNA to mRNA are believed to occur as the hnRNA
      transcript is associated with specific proteins to form a ribonucleoprotein
      complex termed the hnRNP complex. The identity and organization of the protein
      constituents of the hnRNP have been a matter of considerable controversy. We
      report here the isolation of the hnRNP complex from vertebrate cell nuclei,
      employing immunoprecipitation with monoclonal antibodies against the major
      proteins that are in contact with hnRNA in HeLa cells. Rapid immunoprecipitation
      from HeLa nucleoplasm with two different monoclonal antibodies to the hnRNP C
      proteins (41 and 43 kDa) isolates a similar complex that contains proteins and
      hnRNA of up to approximately equal to 10 kilobases. The major steady-state
      [35S]methionine-labeled proteins of the isolated complex are of 34 kDa, 36 kDa
      (A1 and A2), 37 kDa, 38 kDa (B1 and B2), 41 kDa, 43 kDa (C1 and C2), and doublets
      at 68 kDa and at 120 kDa. Additional proteins from 45 kDa to very high molecular
      mass are also seen. The major proteins of the complex appear identical by
      NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to genuine hnRNP proteins--those
      which become crosslinked by UV light to the hnRNA in vivo. Immunoprecipitation
      with a different, noncrossreacting monoclonal antibody to the 120-kDa protein
      isolates an apparently identical complex of proteins that are present at a
      similar relative stoichiometry. Similar hnRNP complexes are found in rodent and
      avian cells. Nuclease digestions indicate that RNA plays a role in maintaining
      the integrity of the structure and that intact RNA of approximately equal to 125
      nucleotides is sufficient to hold the complex of proteins together. The
      coimmunoprecipitation of the hnRNA and of all of the proteins through antibodies
      against different genuine hnRNP proteins and from divergent species strongly
      suggests that the hnRNP complex is a unitary structure of consistent, defined,
      and conserved components.

PMID- 6594698
TI  - Isolated uterine nuclei and cytosol receptors of aged rats exhibit impaired
      estrogenic stimulation of RNA polymerase II.
AB  - An in vitro cell-free system of uterine nuclei and cytosol receptors has been
      used to analyze the effects of aging on estrogen stimulation of RNA polymerase II
      activity. By using fixed concentrations of nuclei and cytoplasmic receptor-
      estrogen complexes (R-E2), it was found that mature nuclei are 3 times more
      efficient (155% vs. 57%) than old ones for stimulation of polymerase activity by
      mature R-E2. Meanwhile, mature R-E2 are 5 times more efficient (155% vs. 31%)
      than old ones in supporting such stimulation in mature nuclei. Stimulation by old
      cytosol R-E2 is so poor that it is essentially unaffected by nuclear age (31%
      with both mature and old nuclei). Finally, equimolar mixtures of mature and old
      cytosol R-E2 stimulate polymerase II activity in mature nuclei by 77%, a value
      intermediate between mature and old cytosols used separately. These results
      indicate that both nuclei and cytosol from old uteri are deficient in their
      ability to support estrogenic stimulation of RNA polymerase II.

PMID- 6594699
TI  - Inducible expression of a cloned heat shock fusion gene in sea urchin embryos.
AB  - A fusion gene construct, in which the coding sequence for bacterial
      chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT; acetyl-CoA: chloramphenicol 3-O
      acetyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.28) was placed under the control of the regulatory
      region of the Drosophila gene encoding the 70-kilodalton heat shock protein [Di
      Nocera, P.P. & Dawid, I.B. (1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80, 7095-7098], was
      microinjected into the cytoplasm of unfertilized sea urchin eggs. Pluteus-stage
      embryos developing from the injected eggs were exposed to high temperature
      conditions that we found would elicit an endogenous sea urchin heat shock
      response. These embryos express the gene for CAT and, after heat treatment,
      display 8-10 times more CAT enzyme activity than do extracts from control embryos
      cultured at normal temperatures. The injected DNA is present in high molecular
      weight concatenates and, during development, is amplified about 100-fold.
      Amplified sequences are responsible for all or most of the induced CAT enzyme
      activity.

PMID- 6594700
TI  - Selective killing of leukemic cells by merocyanine 540-mediated
      photosensitization.
AB  - In vitro incubation of leukemic bone marrow with the lipophilic fluorescent dye
      merocyanine 540 and simultaneous exposure to light reduced the concentration of
      L1210 leukemia cells by about 5 orders of magnitude but spared enough normal
      pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells to allow hematopoietic reconstitution of
      lethally irradiated syngeneic mice. This simple and rapid procedure may find an
      application in the purging of tumor cells from autologous bone marrow grafts.

PMID- 6594701
TI  - Reduction in the incidence of radiation-induced tumors in rats after restriction
      of food intake.
AB  - In our inbred colony of Sprague-Dawley rats, fractionated total-body x-ray
      irradiation (150 rads five times at weekly intervals; 1 rad = 0.01 gray)
      increased the incidence of tumors from 22% to 93% in females and from 5% to 59%
      in males [Gross, L. & Dreyfuss, Y. (1979) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 5910
      5913]. In experiments reported here, we investigated the influence of reduced
      food intake on the incidence of radiation-induced tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats.
      All rats in both groups received fractionated total-body x-ray irradiation
      similar to that specified above. Among the irradiated rats on full (ad lib) diet
      (five to six pellets of Purina Rodent Lab Chow per day, each) were 14 females and
      9 males, and all (100%) developed tumors (or leukemia) at an average age of 13.7
      months in females and 13.4 months in males. Among the litter mates on restricted
      diet (two pellets of Purina Rodent Lab Chow per day, each), only 9 out of 29
      females (31%) developed tumors at an average age of 18.2 months and 1 out of 15
      males (6.7%) developed a tumor at 9 months of age. In the full diet group, the
      majority of tumors developing in females were benign. Among the 9 irradiated
      males, 1 developed leukemia and the remaining 8 developed tumors; 7 of them were
      examined, 6 were found malignant, and 1 was benign. In the restricted diet group,
      of the 9 tumors that developed in females, 4 were malignant and 5 were benign.
      The tumor that developed in 1 male was a sarcoma.

PMID- 6594702
TI  - Imaging of hepatic low density lipoprotein receptors by radionuclide
      scintiscanning in vivo.
AB  - The low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor mediates the cellular uptake of plasma
      lipoproteins that are derived from very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). Most of
      the functional LDL receptors in the body are located in the liver. Here, we
      describe a radionuclide scintiscanning technique that permits the measurement of
      LDL receptors in the livers of intact rabbits. 123I-labeled VLDL were
      administered intravenously, and scintigraphic images of the liver and heart were
      obtained at intervals thereafter. In seven normal rabbits, radioactivity in the
      liver increased progressively between 1 and 20 min after injection, while
      radioactivity in the heart (reflecting that in plasma) decreased concomitantly.
      In Watanabe-heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits, which lack LDL receptors on a
      genetic basis, there was little uptake of 123I-labeled VLDL into the liver and
      little decrease in cardiac radioactivity during this interval. These findings
      demonstrate that the LDL receptor is necessary for the hepatic uptake of VLDL
      derived lipoproteins in the rabbit. Two conditions that diminish hepatic LDL
      receptor activity, cholesterol-feeding and prolonged fasting, also reduced the
      uptake of 123I-labeled VLDL in the liver as measured by scintiscanning. The data
      suggest that radionuclide scintiscanning can be used as a noninvasive method to
      quantify the number of LDL receptors expressed in the liver in vivo.

PMID- 6594703
TI  - Lipoprotein lipase is produced, regulated, and functional in rat brain.
AB  - Lipoprotein lipase (LP lipase, triacylglycero-protein acylhydrolase EC 3.1.1.34)
      activity was found in four dissimilar brain regions (hypothalamus, cortex,
      cerebellum, and midbrain) of adult male rats. Progressive accumulation of LP
      lipase activity in cultured fetal rat hypothalamic cells was also observed,
      indicating de novo synthesis of the lipase. The brain LP lipase activity was
      serum-dependent and was inhibited by 1 M NaCl and by protamine sulfate. Kinetic
      analysis revealed an apparent Km of 0.79 mM very similar to that of rat adipose
      tissue LP lipase. That the lipase was functioning in the cultured brain cells was
      indicated by uptake and incorporation of radioactivity from tri[( 1
      14C]oleoyl)glycerol into cellular triacylglycerols, and into more polar lipids,
      such as phosphatidylcholine. Furthermore, brain LP lipase activity in adult rats
      was decreased in all four regions examined, most significantly in the
      hypothalamus, after 72 hr of food deprivation. Thus, authentic LP lipase is
      present in adult rat brain and can be synthesized by isolated brain cells in
      vitro. LP lipase also mediates the uptake of triacylglycerol fatty acids and
      their subsequent incorporation into cellular lipids of cultured brain cells.
      Decreased brain LP lipase activity after fasting suggests that this enzyme may be
      regulated by metabolic or nutritional factors. Because the largest changes in LP
      lipase activity in response to food deprivation occurred in the hypothalamus, the
      enzyme may have a role in hypothalamic control of food intake or in body-weight
      regulation.

PMID- 6594704
TI  - The neurula stage mouse embryo in control of neuroblastoma.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine whether the neurula stage mouse embryo
      can regulate tumor formation of C-1300-3 neuroblastoma cells. Five neuroblastoma
      cells were injected into the second somite of neurula stage embryos, and their
      ability to form tumors was tested, 24 hr later, by transplanting the portion of
      the embryo containing the cancer cells into the testes of adult mice. Only one
      third the number of tumors was obtained in comparison with controls in which (i)
      five neuroblastoma cells were injected into blocks of liver tissue that were then
      transplanted into the testes of adult animals or (ii) five C-1300-3 neuroblastoma
      cells were injected directly into the testes. When five C-1300-3 cells were
      injected into somites, which had been dissected from embryos, and the injected
      somites were placed in animals, significantly fewer tumors were obtained in
      relationship with controls. Although it is not known whether the neuroblastoma
      cells are induced to differentiate or are killed by the embryonic tissue, the
      effect appeared to be specific because the tumor-forming ability of L1210
      leukemia, B-16 melanoma, embryonal carcinoma 247, and a parietal yolk sac
      carcinoma was unaffected by somites.

PMID- 6594705
TI  - Tumorigenicity of cell lines with altered lipid composition.
AB  - A series of closely related mouse fibroblast cell lines that differ in their
      content of neutral ether-linked glycerolipid and fatty acids has been used to
      investigate the relationship between lipid composition and tumorigenicity.
      Although these cell lines, derived from the same parental culture, were selected
      without reference to transformation or tumorigenicity, their ability to form
      tumors in irradiated mice was found to be closely correlated with ether-lipid
      content. The cell line with the highest level of ether-lipid (designated F40)
      produces more tumors, the tumors appear more rapidly than when parental cells are
      injected, and the number of F40 cells required for tumor induction is less by a
      factor of approximately equal to 1000. F40 tumors are highly invasive, readily
      metastasize, and rarely regress, in contrast to the occasional benign tumors
      produced by the parental cell line. Cell lines that are intermediate in their
      lipid composition appear to be intermediate in tumorigenicity. This panel of
      graded cell lines provides a useful model system for both in vitro and in vivo
      studies on the acquisition of tumorigenicity and malignancy in cultured cells.

PMID- 6594706
TI  - Carotenoids and retinol: their possible importance in determining longevity of
      primate species.
AB  - Aging and cancer share a number of characteristics. This has led to the
      hypothesis that species' differences in longevity may be governed in part by the
      same mechanisms as those processes governing species' differences in their age
      dependent probability of developing cancer. Much evidence has indicated that beta
      carotene and retinol may be important natural anticarcinogens. Accordingly, they
      also may be important antiaging agents. This possibility has been tested by
      determining if a positive correlation exists between the concentration of
      carotenoids and retinol in serum and brain tissue with the maximal life-span
      potential of mammalian species. The results show a significant positive
      correlation for the carotenoids but not for retinol. These results suggest that
      the carotenoids may be biologically active as protective agents against cancer
      and as longevity determinants. Retinol appears to be less important in these
      functions.

PMID- 6594707
TI  - Serotonin increases intracellular Ca2+ transients in voltage-clamped sensory
      neurons of Aplysia californica.
AB  - Noxious stimulation of the tail of Aplysia californica produces behavioral
      sensitization; it enhances several related defensive reflexes. This reflex
      enhancement involves heterosynaptic facilitation of transmitter release from
      sensory neurons of the reflex. The facilitation is stimulated by serotonin (5-HT)
      and involves suppression of a 5-HT-sensitive K+ current (the S current).
      Suppression of the S current broadens the action potential of the sensory neurons
      and is thought to enhance transmitter release by prolonging entry of Ca2+ in the
      presynaptic terminals. We now report a component of enhanced Ca2+ accumulation
      that is independent of changes in spike shape. We have measured intracellular
      free Ca2+ transients during long depolarizing steps in voltage-clamped sensory
      neuron cell bodies injected with the Ca2+-sensitive dye arsenazo III. The free
      Ca2+ transients elicited by a range of depolarizing voltage-clamp steps increase
      in amplitude by 75% following application of 5-HT. Since it is observed under
      voltage-clamp conditions, this increase in the free Ca2+ transients is not merely
      secondary to the changes in K+ current but must reflect an additional mechanism,
      an intrinsic change in the handling of Ca2+ by the cell. We have not yet
      determined whether this change in Ca2+ handling reflects an increase in Ca2+
      influx, a reduction in intracellular Ca2+ uptake, or a release of Ca2+ from
      intracellular stores. Regardless of the underlying mechanism, however, it seems
      possible that the enhancement of Ca2+ accumulation and the reduction in K+
      current act synergistically in producing short-term presynaptic facilitation.
      Alternatively, this additional modulation of Ca2+ by 5-HT might contribute to
      processes such as classical conditioning or long-term sensitization that may
      depend on Ca2+.

PMID- 6594708
TI  - Immunohistochemical evidence for the coexistence of histidine decarboxylase-like
      and glutamate decarboxylase-like immunoreactivities in nerve cells of the
      magnocellular nucleus of the posterior hypothalamus of rats.
AB  - Immunohistochemical staining of alternate consecutive sections revealed numerous
      histidine decarboxylase (L-histidine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.22)-like
      immunoreactive neurons that also contained glutamate decarboxylase (L-glutamate 1
      carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.15)-like immunoreactive structures in the tuberal
      magnocellular nucleus, the caudal magnocellular nucleus, and the postmammillary
      caudal magnocellular nucleus of the posterior hypothalamus of rats. Furthermore,
      in immunohistochemical double-staining procedures, almost all neurons in the
      magnocellular nuclei had both histidine decarboxylase-like and glutamate
      decarboxylase-like immunoreactivities. These results suggest the coexistence of
      histamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid in single neurons in these nuclei.

PMID- 6594709
TI  - Molecular cloning and sequence determination of rat preproenkephalin cDNA:
      sensitive probe for studying transcriptional changes in rat tissues.
AB  - A cDNA probe was prepared to investigate the regulation of proenkephalin
      biosynthesis in the rat. This was necessary because human and bovine
      proenkephalin cDNA were not sensitive enough for the accurate detection of
      preproenkephalin mRNA in tissues that contain low copy numbers of this message,
      such as the adrenal gland. The rat probe was prepared in the following manner.
      Preproenkephalin mRNA was enriched by sucrose gradient centrifugation of poly(A)
      containing mRNA from rat brain and was used as a template for double-stranded
      cDNA synthesis. The resulting cDNA was inserted into the plasmid pBR322, and
      recombinant plasmids were used to transform Escherichia coli RR1 cells. A
      synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide (30 bases long) with a sequence that had
      previously been shown to be identical in bovine and human preproenkephalin cDNA
      was prepared to screen the clone bank. The plasmid with the longest cDNA insert
      (about 1200 bases) from the positive clones was isolated, and the sequence of the
      entire protein coding region was determined. Like the bovine and human gene
      products, rat preproenkephalin contains four [Met]enkephalin sequences and one
      copy each of [Leu]enkephalin, [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8, and [Met]enkephalin
      Arg6-Phe7. Rat preproenkephalin is 80% and 83% homologous to the bovine and human
      forms, respectively, at the nucleotide level and is 82% homologous to both
      species at the amino acid level. Rat preproenkephalin contains 269 amino acid
      residues, making it larger than the human (267 residues) and bovine (263
      residues) precursors. The sensitivity for detection of rat preproenkephalin mRNA
      with the rat cDNA was several times greater than with the corresponding cDNAs
      from bovine and human sources.

PMID- 6594710
TI  - d-Amphetamine antagonizes prostaglandin E1-induced hyperthermia and suppression
      of fixed interval operant behavior in rats.
AB  - The experiments reported herein were designed to study the effects of
      prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and PGE1 on operant behavior and rectal
      temperature of rats. A solution containing PGF2 alpha or PGE1 was infused
      intracerebroventricularly into rats trained to press a lever for food reward on a
      fixed interval 75 second (FI 75 sec) schedule. PGF2 alpha (10, 100 or 1000
      ng/min) had no effect on FI 75 sec operant behavior. Only the highest dose
      increased temperature. PGE1 (100 ng/min) had no effect, whereas higher doses (250
      and 500 ng/min) produced a rate-dependent effect on behavior, increasing low
      rates and decreasing high rates. The two higher doses also produced convulsions
      after about 25 min or 20 min infusions, respectively. PGE1 also increased
      temperature in a dose-dependent manner. Systemic administration of a low dose of
      d-amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg IP) had little or no effect on behavior or temperature.
      d-Amphetamine did not alter hyperthermia induced by the highest dose of PGF2
      alpha, but antagonized the PGE1-induced hyperthermia. d-Amphetamine also
      antagonized all of the behavioral effects of PGE1, including convulsions. The
      results are discussed in relation to the actions of PGs and d-amphetamine on
      catecholamine neurons in the central nervous system.

PMID- 6594711
TI  - Carbenoxolone and prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha gastric juice levels in man.
AB  - The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effect of carbenoxolone after
      a non-oral administration on the levels of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha in
      gastric juice. The gastric secretion of 6 healthy volunteers (in basal conditions
      and after administration of a stimulus of 6 micrograms/kg weight of pentagastrin
      i.m.) was studied before and after seven days of treatment with 150 mg b.i.d. of
      carbenoxolone suppository. Concentration and output of prostaglandins E2 and F2
      alpha (measured by radioimmunoassay), hydrochloric acid, pepsin and N
      acetylneuraminic acid in gastric juice were determined. Compared to control
      values, no statistically significant difference in acid, pepsin or prostaglandin
      F2 alpha content, or in gastric juice volume, was observed after treatment.
      However a significant increase was observed in the concentration and output of
      prostaglandin E2 after administration of pentagastrin. The concentration and
      output of N-acetyl-neuraminic acid increased significantly only in basal
      conditions in carbenoxolone-treated subjects. The present study suggests that the
      cytoprotective action of carbenoxolone on gastric mucosa in man could be due to
      an increased prostaglandin E2 activity. This effect is observed after rectal
      administration, therefore suggesting that carbenoxolone also has a systemic
      action.

PMID- 6594712
TI  - Plasma and red cell levels of thioridazine and clinical response in
      schizophrenia.
AB  - The relationship of plasma and red blood cell (RBC) levels of thioridazine to
      clinical response in schizophrenia was evaluated in a fixed-dose study. Steady
      state plasma and RBC levels of thioridazine, mesoridazine, and sum of
      thioridazine and mesoridazine, determined by gas-liquid chromatography, were not
      significantly correlated with clinical response as measured by improvement on the
      Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. RBC thioridazine levels were not substantially
      more strongly correlated with clinical response than plasma levels.

PMID- 6594713
TI  - Repeated naloxone administration in schizophrenia.
AB  - A double-blind study of repeated subcutaneous administrations of 20 mg naloxone
      was performed in 10 schizophrenic patients as part of a World Health Organization
      collaborative project. No clinically obvious treatment effects were observed.
      None of the analyzed psychopathological symptoms, including hallucinations and
      unusual thought content, showed a distinct improvement during the 4 consecutive
      days of naloxone treatment. A slight but statistically significant decrease of
      symptomatology was found shortly after placebo injection on the first 2 days of
      treatment. This effect was not present following naloxone treatment. These
      findings are discussed in view of the hypothesis that increased endorphin
      activity contributes to the symptomatology of schizophrenic syndromes.

PMID- 6594714
TI  - Informed consent as a source of bias in clinical research.
AB  - Clinical observation suggested that schizophrenic patients more often refused to
      participate in experiments. In two studies psychiatric patient volunteers and
      nonvolunteers were compared on discharge diagnoses (psychiatric and medical),
      medication given, demographic measures, and hospitalization characteristics. In
      each study, patients with paranoid schizophrenia were more likely to refuse
      participation. Also, in each study, volunteers received more benzodiazepines and
      more nonpsychiatric medication. The latter difference could not be explained on
      the bases of rated severity of or probability of drug use in diagnosed medical
      illnesses, or number of medical illnesses. Characteristics of schizophrenic
      patients such as suspiciousness, negativism, and ambivalence were suggested as
      possible sources of their refusal to participate. Nonvolunteers were suggested to
      be less agreeable and compliant in general, and perhaps less likable, possibly
      explaining their receiving fewer benzodiazepines and nonpsychiatric medications.
      Attempts to characterize and correct the volunteer bias should be made, including
      offering tangible reward.

PMID- 6594715
TI  - Platelet and fibroblast monoamine oxidase in alcoholism.
AB  - Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity has been reported to be low in platelets (MAO B)
      and brain (MAO A and B) of some patients with alcoholism compared to control
      subjects. Whether the decreased platelet MAO activity found in alcoholism is
      secondary to the effect of alcohol or exists before alcohol abuse is not clear.
      The hypothesis that altered MAO A activity is determined by an abnormality in the
      genetic regulation of the enzyme can be tested by measuring MAO A activity in
      human fibroblasts cultured under controlled conditions. We first studied the
      kinetic parameters of platelet MAO B activity in patients hospitalized for
      treatment of alcoholism. Vmax was 38% lower in the patients (n = 14) than in
      normal controls (n = 22), but the enzyme affinity (Km) for the substrate tyramine
      was unchanged. Patients with the five lowest levels of platelet MAO activity had
      MAO activity measured from fibroblasts cultured from skin punch biopsies. Their
      fibroblast MAO activity was within the normal range, showing a dissociation
      between platelet MAO B and fibroblast MAO A activities and suggesting that MAO A
      activity is not low for genetic reasons in alcoholic subjects who do have low
      platelet MAO B activity.

PMID- 6594716
TI  - A modified Class II cavity preparation for glass ionomer restorative materials.

PMID- 6594717
TI  - Malignant epithelioid schwannoma in a child: a case report.

PMID- 6594718
TI  - The role of surgery in the treatment of periodontal pockets.

PMID- 6594719
TI  - The reduction of stress and fatigue in the dental operatory.

PMID- 6594720
TI  - Histopathological study of local changes after intramuscular administration of
      cysteamine or its combination with mexamine in rats.

PMID- 6594721
TI  - Plasma concentration of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGE2 (PGEM) after various ways of
      cervix ripening with PGE2.
AB  - PGEM concentration was determined radioimmunologically in a non-pregnant woman,
      in whom PGE2 was infused intravenously at increasing rates and in women, in whom
      labor was induced by various methods for local application of PGE2. There was
      excellent correlation between the amount of PGE2 infused intravenously and the
      levels of PGEM determined in the peripheral plasma. The following methods of
      local application of PGE2 were included in the study: 0.4 mg PGE2 gel placed
      retroamnially by means of a balloon catheter, 0.4 and 0.5 mg PGE2 applied
      endocervically and 3 mg PGE2 placed intravaginally in form of a single vaginal
      tablet; also included was a control-group, where only vaginal examination was
      performed. Bloods were drawn before, 30 minutes, 1, 2 and 3 hours after PGE2
      administration. Mean levels of PGEM in the maternal peripheral plasma did not
      change neither within nor between the various groups. It is concluded from the
      present study, that local application of doses currently used to soften the
      cervix and/or induce labor at term do not lead to the same PGEM-concentration in
      the maternal blood as after intravenous infusion of PGE2 in doses normally used
      to induce labor.

PMID- 6594722
TI  - Cervical ripening and plasma prostaglandin levels. Comparison of endocervical and
      extra-amniotic PGE2.
AB  - Two modes of cervical application of a gel containing PGE2 have been compared in
      a total of 30 patients with indication for induction of labor and unripe cervix.
      Fifteen patients had gel injected endocervically; in 10 patients the gel
      contained 400 micrograms PGE2, in 5 controls the gel was inactive. Fifteen
      subjects had a 15 ml Foley catheter passed through the cervix and placed extra
      amniotically; in 10 of them 3 ml gel with 400 or 800 micrograms PGE2 was
      injected, while 5 controls received inactive gel. Plasma levels of 13,14-dihydro
      15-keto-PGE2 alpha (PGFM) were measured in blood samples drawn before and 1/2, 1,
      2, 4, 6, and 8 hours after gel application. Neither the Foley catheter nor the
      application of inactive gel caused significant changes in the cervical scores or
      the PGFM levels. PGE2 in the endocervix increased cervical scores without
      altering plasma PGFM levels. Extra-amniotic PGE2 caused a more rapid increase of
      the cervical scores and a progressive rise in PGFM levels. The plasma (PGFM)
      levels were found to be related to the degree and to the rate of cervical
      dilatation. The correlation with cervical dilatation was highly significant.
      Labor began spontaneously or after artificial rupture of the membranes in 80% of
      the extra-amniotic, and 50% of the endocervical PGE2-group, but in none of the
      controls. These data indicate that increased uterine PGF2 alpha production is not
      necessary for the early stages of cervical ripening, whereas dilatation beyond 4
      cm does not proceed without such increase.

PMID- 6594723
TI  - Mechanism of action of suprofen, a new peripheral analgesic, as demonstrated by
      its effects on several nociceptive mediators.
AB  - Suprofen is a new potent, orally effective non-narcotic analgesic agent having a
      potent inhibitory action on prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis. Recent experiments
      have shown that suprofen inhibits uterine hyperactivity induced by the
      physiological substances, arachidonic acid, bradykinin (BK) and PGF2 alpha. The
      present study explores the possibility that the analgesic activity of suprofen
      may involve multiple mechanisms of interaction with PGs, inhibiting synthesis at
      low doses and with higher doses possibly directly interacting with PGs and other
      physiological mediators of nociception at a common site. Experiments in mice have
      shown that suprofen antagonizes abdominal stretching induced by the physiological
      precursor of PG release, arachidonic acid (ED50 = 0.07 mg/kg, p.o.), and by the
      nociceptive agents acetylcholine (ACh) (ED50 = 1.7 mg/kg, p.o.), BK (ED50 = 65
      mg/kg, p.o.) acetic acid (HAC) (H+ ion; ED50 = 4.6 mg/kg, p.o.), and PGE2, itself
      (ED50 = 20.2 mg/kg, i.p.). In rabbits, i.a. administered suprofen (ED50 = 0.98
      mg/kg) blocked the reflex discharge of spinal sensory neurons evoked by BK (2 to
      8 micrograms, i.a.). The analgesic activity of suprofen may involve multiple
      mechanisms of interaction with PGs and other mediators, including BK; suprofen
      blocks the nociceptive actions of PGs by inhibiting their formation, via the
      cyclooxygenase pathway, and possibly at PG sites of action, probably at
      peripheral nerve endings.

PMID- 6594724
TI  - The role of genetics in the expression of alcoholism. Overview.

PMID- 6594725
TI  - Intraligamentary anaesthesia. A survey of use by general practitioners and by
      staff and students in a dental school.

PMID- 6594726
TI  - [Initial clinical and hematological aspects of leukemia in children].

PMID- 6594727
TI  - [Factors influencing the prognosis of lymphoblastic leukemia in children].

PMID- 6594728
TI  - [Granulocytic sarcoma].

PMID- 6594729
TI  - [Determination of gamma 2 phase in amalgams processed by manual trituration].

PMID- 6594730
TI  - [Tissue response to cavity varnishes. Cavity Lining, Tubulidrox, Perio-Vidans and
      solvent].

PMID- 6594731
TI  - [Dental occlusion].

PMID- 6594732
TI  - [Dentistry in Federal District health centers].

PMID- 6594733
TI  - [Preventive dentistry. 6. Fluorides].

PMID- 6594734
TI  - [Individualization of the 3rd (infraorbital) point in oral rehabilitation.
      Clinical determination using a variable infraorbital platform device--the GNATUS
      LN device].

PMID- 6594735
TI  - [Lymphoepithelial cyst of the mouth floor].

PMID- 6594736
TI  - [Neurohistological observations of guinea pig cheek mucosa].

PMID- 6594737
TI  - [Treatment of osteosarcoma with pre- and postoperative chemotherapy and non
      mutilating surgery].

PMID- 6594738
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of the CA 12 5 antigen in ovarian carcinomas: advantages
      compared with CA 19-9 and CEA.
AB  - Antigen CA 12 5, associated with ovarian carcinomas, was assayed in the serum by
      an immunoradiometric method using monoclonal antibody OC 125. In a control group
      of 67 women in apparent good health, CA 12 5 serum levels in 64 cases (96%) were
      lower than 35 U/ml, the value arbitrarily considered as the upper normal limit.
      Using this limit, in benign lesions excluding cirrhosis, 19% (5/27) had raised
      levels. None of 10 cases with benign ovarian lesions had elevated values.
      However, in cirrhosis 86% of cases were positive being very high in 43% of cases
      (greater than 500 U/ml). In 38 cases of ovarian carcinomas, the overall
      positivity was 92% (35/38); in serous carcinomas it was 96% (26/27). For other
      non-ovarian cancers, particularly colonic and mammary adenocarcinomas at advanced
      stages, the positive rate was 43% (19/44). Finally, for 20 patients treated by
      chemotherapy for ovarian carcinomas and followed up by repeated CA 12 5 assays
      over a 2 to 8 month period, an increase or decrease in CA 12 5 levels correlated
      with progression or regression of the disease in 18 cases (90%).

PMID- 6594739
TI  - Vitamin A and/or high-dose Ara-C in the maintenance of remission in acute
      myelogenous leukaemia in children?
AB  - 8 children with acute myelogenous leukaemia were brought into remission with a
      induction regimen containing cytosin arabinoside (Ara-C), 6-thioguanine and
      adriamycin given as the DNA complex. After remissions were obtained, the children
      were consolidated with high-dose Ara-C (2 g/m2 every 12 h for 6 doses) and were
      given 50 000 IU of vitamin A daily as an inducer of differentiation. All children
      are in continuous relapse-free survival for periods of 5 to 29 months (mean 14
      months).

PMID- 6594740
TI  - Breast tumour as a first manifestation of extramedullary relapse in acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - After 2 years of maintained complete remission, a 17-year old girl suffering from
      common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (C-ALL) developed a mass in the right
      breast. Determination of the tumour cell phenotype using a panel of monoclonal
      antibodies demonstrated the presence of leukaemic blasts. At this stage no other
      sign of relapse could be demonstrated. Later, however, when the leukaemia
      progressed despite aggressive treatment, blasts with the same surface phenotype
      as the ones in the breast were obtained both from repeated biopsies from a
      mediastinal mass and from a lower abdominal mass. Manifestation of first relapse
      in ALL presenting as a breast tumour has never been described before and may be
      added to other unusual extramedullary sites of relapse. The significance of
      immunologically defined phenotyping of cells from tissue biopsies is underlined.

PMID- 6594741
TI  - Prognostic factors for relapse-free survival in childhood acute lymphoblastic
      leukaemia.
AB  - 11 variables determined at the onset of acute lymphocytic leukaemia were tested
      to predict disease-free survival in 267 children. All children had received
      similar induction treatment and basic maintenance therapy, whereas 5 different
      reinforcement treatments were administered irrespective of the severity of the
      disease at onset. Three modes of prophylactic central nervous system treatment
      were employed. The risk of relapse was significantly increased for leucocyte
      count above 50 X 10(9)/1, lymphoblasts above 80% in peripheral blood, age below 2
      years or over 5 years, and for males. The risk of relapse was increased by
      estimated factors of 1.9, 2.3, 1.7, and 1.7, respectively. When the above 4
      variables were included in the model, no further prognostic value was
      demonstrated for haemoglobin concentration, platelet count, signs of bleeding in
      the skin, mucous membranes or intracranially, presence of leukaemic infiltrations
      outside the bone marrow, hepatosplenomegaly, mediastinal mass, or T- or B-cell
      leukaemia. However, evaluation of T- or B-lymphoblast type impact was hampered by
      small numbers.

PMID- 6594742
TI  - Age, sex and late relapse in childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - Of 53 children with lymphoblastic leukaemia in their first remission who reached
      the fourth year after stopping treatment, 4 have subsequently relapsed and their
      cases are described. All are boys and 3 were over 10 at diagnosis despite there
      being only 6 such patients in the group overall. This suggests that teenage males
      are at special risk of late relapse and should not be considered cured on
      criteria applicable to younger females.

PMID- 6594743
TI  - Expression of spectrin in normal and malignant erythropoiesis.
AB  - Spectrin is a major constituent of the erythrocyte membranoskeleton. The
      occurrence of spectrin during normal and malignant erythropoiesis was
      investigated by immunofluorescence using a monospecific rabbit anti-human
      spectrin antiserum. The expression of spectrin was correlated to the presence of
      glycophorin A, which is an early and specific marker for erythroid cells. The
      expression of spectrin during normal erythroid differentiation coincided with
      that of glycophorin A. Both markers were already present in the proerythroblasts.
      Spectrin was also found in leukaemic cells from patients with acute
      erythroleukaemia and erythroid blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukaemia. In
      a large panel of human haematopoietic cell lines only those with erythroid
      phenotype (K 562 and HEL) stained positively for spectrin. It is concluded that
      spectrin appears early in the erythroid maturation. It is expressed both in
      normal and malignant erythroid precursors. Spectrin can be used as a marker for
      erythroid blasts in the diagnosis of erythroleukaemias.

PMID- 6594744
TI  - Histocompatibility antigen frequencies in patients with chronic lymphocytic
      leukaemia: possible identification of a subgroup with relatively benign disease.
AB  - A series of 57 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia was typed for HLA-A, B
      and DR antigens and compared with a control population of equal size. There was
      an increased frequency of HLA-A1 and B8 in the patient group, although it was not
      statistically significant after allowance for the number of specificities tested.
      A subgroup of patients lacking both A1 and B8 differed from the others in sex
      ratio, degree of lymphocytosis and incidence of hypogammaglobulinaemia at
      presentation. This subgroup also had less need for treatment within 6 months of
      presentation. While these findings must be considered preliminary, it is possible
      that tissue typing may help to identify patients with a relatively benign form of
      the disease.

PMID- 6594745
TI  - [Physiopathology of infectious diarrhea].
AB  - The pathogenetic mechanisms of acute infectious diarrhoea are reviewed. Not much
      is known with respect to viral diarrhoea. Parasites obviously cause diarrhoea,
      mainly by invasion of the intestinal mucosa. Bacteria act either by invasion or
      by production of enterotoxins and cytotoxins.

PMID- 6594746
TI  - [Clinical aspects and diagnosis of acute infectious diarrhea].
AB  - The cause of acute infectious diarrhea can seldom be determined on clinical
      grounds alone. The different ways how to arrive to a diagnosis are described and
      a practical algorithm is proposed.

PMID- 6594747
TI  - [Nonspecific therapy of acute infectious diarrhea].
AB  - The non-specific therapy of acute infectious diarrhoea is outlined with regard to
      the mechanism of action and effectiveness. Special attention is given to
      rehydratation therapy and oral rehydration mainly. Among the groups of
      adsorbents, agents acting on intestinal flora and agents interfering at the toxin
      receptor site, Bismuth-subsalicylate is about the only substance with a proven
      efficacy.

PMID- 6594748
TI  - [Motility inhibitors and secretion inhibitors].
AB  - Antidiarrheal substances interfering with either intestinal motility or
      intestinal secretion have been used for the management of acute diarrhea. Opiates
      are the motility inhibitors that appear particularly useful and among these drugs
      loperamide is the drug of choice due to its low risk of side effects. The
      question whether antisecretory effects of opiates observed in certain animal
      experiments is contributory to their antidiarrheal activity in man has not yet
      been definitely settled. With the exception of chlorpromazine that was felt to be
      especially useful in cholera, no other antisecretory drug has been used
      successfully against acute diarrhea. However, future development of new compounds
      may lead to drugs with potent anti-secretory activity but without unwanted
      extraintestinal side-effects.

PMID- 6594749
TI  - [Antimicrobial treatment of diarrhea of infectious origin].
AB  - Since dehydration is the most frequent complication of acute diarrhoea, fluid and
      electrolyte repletion are the most important components of treatment. In mild
      diarrhoea and cases where the etiologic agent is unknown there is no need for
      antimicrobial chemotherapy. Indeed the benefit of an antibiotic has never been
      proven in these cases. Moreover side effects can occur: change in gut flora
      causing chronic diarrhoea, selection of drug-resistant strains, pseudomembranous
      colitis, toxicity of the drug. Antibiotics are often useless because a large
      number of diarrhoeal illnesses are caused by viruses or are of nonmicrobial
      origin (Rotaviruses may be responsible for up to 60% of winterdiarrhoea in
      children). When the diagnosis is in doubt between a primary bowel infection and a
      septicaemic illness antibiotic therapy is of course fully justified.

PMID- 6594752
TI  - [Hardness tests on the enamel, dentin and cementum of living human teeth].

PMID- 6594750
TI  - [Preventive measures against travel diarrhea].
AB  - The rules of exposition prophylaxis for traveler's diarrhea are strictly adhered
      to by only 2% of tourists in developing countries even though the benefits have
      been well documented. Vacationers generally prefer to take various types of drug
      prophylaxis despite the fact that a protective effect has only been proven for
      chemotherapeutic agents and for subsalicylate bismuth. Since their use is
      strictly limited, therapeutic self-medication becomes even more important.
      Glucose-electrolyte-solutions may initially increase the number of bowel
      movements and antidiarrheal agents tend to prolong illness in dysenteric
      patients. Chemotherapeutic agents are indicated only in select cases.

PMID- 6594751
TI  - [Composite fillings--the 1 X 1 of finishing].

PMID- 6594753
TI  - [Caries decrease among schoolchildren in the city of Zurich 1970-1983].

PMID- 6594754
TI  - [Desiccation of composite fillings for scanning electron microscopic studies--a
      methodological study].

PMID- 6594756
TI  - [Practical periodontology today--a contribution from the point of view of current
      practice].

PMID- 6594755
TI  - [A new dental film holder for periodontal pictures].

PMID- 6594757
TI  - Molecular indices of cell lineage specification in sea urchin embryos.
AB  - The origins of several of the differentiated cell lineages of the advanced sea
      urchin embryo are well defined. Cytological application of molecular probes to
      three lineages, those responsible for the formation of the skeleton, the gut, and
      the aboral ectodermal wall of the late embryo, has demonstrated expression of
      lineage-specific genes long before overt morphological differentiation. These
      observations lead to useful generalizations regarding the processes of gene
      regulation that underlie the molecular biology of cell lineage specification in
      the embryo.

PMID- 6594758
TI  - Another round in Rifkin versus gene splicing.

PMID- 6594759
TI  - Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) variant: an intermediate disease between HCL and B
      prolymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6594760
TI  - The Ii nature of p35 on hairy leukemic cells.

PMID- 6594761
TI  - Therapy of adult acute lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6594762
TI  - Cardiac effects of anthracyclines used in the treatment of childhood acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia: a 10-year experience.

PMID- 6594763
TI  - Potential of liposomes to ameliorate anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.

PMID- 6594764
TI  - Primary osteogenic sarcoma of the spine.
AB  - Primary osteogenic sarcoma of the spine is a rare tumor making up 0.85% to 2.0%
      of all osteogenic sarcomas. The majority (29/41) of previously reported cases
      have occurred in vertebrae affected by Paget disease or radiation exposure. Two
      cases of osteogenic sarcoma of the spine, one lumbar, the other thoracic, with no
      known predisposing factors are presented.

PMID- 6594765
TI  - Throat culture in impending peritonsillar abscess.
AB  - Throat cultures done immediately before the development of a peritonsillar
      abscess were positive for beta-hemolytic streptococci in only one of 12 cases. To
      prevent suppurative complications such as peritonsillar abscess, treatment with
      antibiotics may be indicated in selected severe cases of tonsillar infections
      despite negative throat cultures.

PMID- 6594766
TI  - Opportunistic Scopulariopsis pneumonia in an immunocompromised host.
AB  - We have described a patient with fatal Scopulariopsis pneumonia, a previously
      unreported infection, complicating immunosuppressive therapy for acute
      myeloblastic leukemia. This Scopulariopsis isolate was highly resistant to
      available antifungal agents, in part accounting for our patient's death.

PMID- 6594767
TI  - Isolation of genomic clones homologous to transcribed sequences from human X
      chromosome.
AB  - Several X chromosome DNA clones homologous to transcribed sequences were isolated
      from a human X chromosome library. The clones were selected for their ability to
      hybridize either with 32P-labeled human cDNA in the presence of an excess of
      unlabeled human repetitive DNA or with mouse fibroblast cDNA. The X chromosome
      specificity of these sequences was demonstrated by two criteria: A dosage effect
      was seen when the clones were hybridized to Southern blots of DNA from 1X and 5X
      cells, and they hybridized to DNA from mouse-human hybrid cells containing only
      the human X chromosome. The presence of transcribed sequences in these X clones
      was detected by hybridization with mouse cDNA or with human cDNA in the presence
      of unlabeled human repetitive sequences, by identifying restriction fragments
      which hybridize with cDNA but not with human repetitive DNA, and by hybridization
      with poly A+ RNA on Northern blots. These clones were mapped on the human X
      chromosomes using a panel of mouse-human somatic cell hybrids carrying various
      translocated human X chromosomes.

PMID- 6594768
TI  - Genomic DNA-mediated gene transfer for argininosuccinate synthetase.
AB  - Canavanine-resistant (Canr) human cells overproduce argininosuccinate synthetase
      without the occurrence of gene amplification. Using calcium phosphate
      precipitation, genomic DNA from Canr human cells was used to carry out gene
      transfer into Chinese hamster cells, which do not express argininosuccinate
      synthetase activity. Growth in tissue culture medium with citrulline substituted
      for arginine was adequate to select enzyme-positive colonies. Six independent
      isolates were selected for detailed analysis by enzyme assay, Southern blotting,
      Northern blotting, and S1 nuclease analysis, the last of which distinguishes
      human and hamster mRNA. Five isolates were transferrants containing the human
      structural gene and synthesizing human enzyme. One isolate represented a cell
      line synthesizing Chinese hamster enzyme. The data document gene transfer of DNA
      fragments at least 80 kb in length, the low level of spontaneous activation of
      the argininosuccinate synthetase locus in Chinese hamster cells, the feasibility
      of this expression and selection system for DNA-mediated gene transfer, and a
      method for distinguishing the human and hamster gene products at an RNA level.

PMID- 6594769
TI  - Gene for apolipoprotein CII is on human chromosome 19.
AB  - We have used a cloned cDNA probe for human apolipoprotein CII (apo CII) and
      Southern blotting techniques to identify the human apo CII gene in DNA from a
      series of rodent X human somatic cell hybrids. Our results provide evidence for
      the assignment of this gene to human chromosome 19.

PMID- 6594770
TI  - Localization of human type II procollagen gene (COL2A1) to chromosome 12.
AB  - DNA was prepared from 39 human-mouse somatic cell hybrid lines, and mouse and
      human parental cell lines. The DNA was digested to completion with EcoRI and
      Southern filters were prepared. These filters were hybridized at high stringency
      conditions to the human genomic subclone phHCol(II) A which corresponds to the
      human alpha 1(type II) procollagen gene (COL2A1). The mouse DNA yielded a single
      band at greater than 10 kb, whereas the human DNA had the expected single band at
      4.8kb. Analyses of these human-mouse cell hybrids demonstrated that the human
      alpha 1(type II) procollagen gene segregates with chromosome 12.

PMID- 6594771
TI  - [The changing role of thoracotomy in the treatment of metastatic tumors of the
      lung].

PMID- 6594772
TI  - [Clinical effect of the PFE liner "Kurepeet", a denture base lining material].

PMID- 6594773
TI  - [Training of dental hygienists in a group situation].

PMID- 6594774
TI  - [Dental health care in schools].

PMID- 6594775
TI  - [Anxiety and dental caries].

PMID- 6594776
TI  - [Occupational dentistry--its trends and future prospect].

PMID- 6594777
TI  - [Lasers in dentistry. 4. Experimental studies on Nd-YAG laser].

PMID- 6594778
TI  - [The purposes of bite planes and night guards].

PMID- 6594779
TI  - [A case of temporomandibular joint disorder--tracing the record for 8 years from
      onset to recovery].

PMID- 6594780
TI  - [Peroxidase activity in blast cells of acute myeloid leukemia cultured in
      methylcellulose. Ultrastructural study].

PMID- 6594781
TI  - [Plasma fibronectin in acute myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 6594783
TI  - Israeli dental students' attitudes toward elderly patients.

PMID- 6594782
TI  - [VM-26 and cytosine arabinoside in the treatment of acute refractory
      lymphoblastic leukemia in adults].

PMID- 6594784
TI  - Number of teeth and proximal periodontal bone height in relation to social
      factors.
AB  - The dental status with respect to number of missing teeth and proximal
      periodontal bone height in relation to social factors were studied in a
      population sample of women 38-60 years of age. There was an overrepresentation of
      edentulous women among those who had grown up in a rural area, who had low
      education, and in those who belonged to a low socio-economic group (irrespective
      of whether the socio-economic group of the women themselves or of their husbands
      was studied), while no obvious differences were observed when the proximal
      periodontal bone height was studied in relation to social factors. The
      relationships between social factors and number of missing teeth seemed to be
      stronger than between social factors and any other variable included in the
      comprehensive population study, of which this examination of the dental status
      was one of a number of research projects.

PMID- 6594785
TI  - Patients referred for stomatognathic treatment--a survey of 282 patients.
AB  - The signs and symptoms of mandibular dysfunction and the treatment results were
      studied in 282 patients referred to the Clinic of Stomatognathic Physiology,
      Lulea, Sweden. Seventy two per cent of the patients were women. The most common
      clinical finding was muscles tender to palpation, which was found in 60% of the
      patients, but other signs such as TMJ-clickings (27%) and limited mandibular
      movement (16%) were common, as were interferences in the retruded position (33%)
      and on the non-working side (19%). Splint therapy, therapeutic exercises for the
      lower jaw and occlusal adjustment in combination with counselling were by far the
      most common modes of therapy. More than half of the patients had completed the
      course of treatment within four visits and only a few patients needed more than
      ten visits. Eighty one per cent of the patients reported no or only mild symptoms
      after treatment but in a few cases fairly severe or very severe symptoms
      persisted. The investigation shows that most patients referred because of
      mandibular dysfunction can be cured or improved with relatively simple treatment
      methods and after a few visits. In some cases, however, the patients need more
      complex and time-consuming treatment.

PMID- 6594786
TI  - Fluorine concentration in primary tooth enamel in 6-year-olds after 3 years of
      daily intake of fluoride-containing tablets (Fludent).
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine the posteruptive uptake of fluorine in
      primary tooth enamel after daily consumption of a fluoride-containing sucking
      tablet for three years. The material consisted of 17 children, who had been
      advised to suck on 1 NaF tablet (Fludent, 0.25 mg F) daily at bedtime from 3 to 6
      years of age (test group), and 17 children without tablet supply (control group).
      No other fluoride preparation was used during the period. A chemical biopsy
      method, described by Koch et al. (1982), was used to determine the fluorine
      concentration in enamel at the age of 6. Two consecutive layers on the upper
      central primary incisors of each child were etched off by perchloric acid.
      Chemical analysis of the test solutions was used to determine the thickness of
      the enamel layers and the fluorine content. Statistical evaluations were
      performed by analysis-of-variance. The results showed that fluorine was
      incorporated in primary tooth enamel as a topical effect of the fluoride tablet
      intake. There was a statistically significant difference (p less than 0.05)
      between the groups regarding fluorine measured on the layers combined and in the
      out layer (approximately equal to 5 micron thick), but not in the inner layer
      (approximately equal to 8 micron). It was concluded that the posteruptively
      increased enamel fluorine concentration probably contributes to the caries
      preventive effect of NaF tablets.

PMID- 6594787
TI  - [Gilles de la Tourette's disease. 'Such a beautiful name for an awful disease'].

PMID- 6594788
TI  - [Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome--a suppressed rage?].

PMID- 6594789
TI  - Enamel fluoride concentration in human mandibular permanent first molars.

PMID- 6594790
TI  - The prenatal developmental microscopic anatomy of the palatal rugae.

PMID- 6594791
TI  - On the mutagenicity of parachloroaniline, a breakdown product of chlorhexidine.

PMID- 6594792
TI  - Treatment of cleft lip and palate. Part V: The clinic and the multidisciplinary
      approach to cleft lip and palate cases.

PMID- 6594793
TI  - [Rontgenological diagnosis IV].

PMID- 6594794
TI  - The role of the trade in the dental health team in South Africa.

PMID- 6594795
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a new low gamma-2 amalgam.

PMID- 6594796
TI  - Comparison of directly prepared and cultured cells in karyotypic analysis of all.
AB  - An evaluation of methods for studying bone marrow obtained from patients with
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia indicates that both directly prepared and cultured
      cells are necessary for complete karyotypic analysis, but that both synchronized
      and unsynchronized cultures may not be necessary.

PMID- 6594798
TI  - [The role of Candida infections in periodontosis].

PMID- 6594797
TI  - [Incidence of permanent tooth caries among Palestinian children].

PMID- 6594799
TI  - [X-ray studies of the healing process after immune therapy in experimental
      traumatic osteomyelitis].

PMID- 6594800
TI  - [Making use of the cross rule in the calculation of the composition of gold
      alloys].

PMID- 6594801
TI  - [Strength and elastic properties of dental amalgams with and without gamma 2 base
      phase].

PMID- 6594802
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment of abnormally erupted upper canine teeth].

PMID- 6594803
TI  - [Metric studies on the dimensions of the dental arches, apical bases and the
      faces of Mongolian children with normal permanent dentition].

PMID- 6594804
TI  - [Various evolutional changes in human teeth].

PMID- 6594805
TI  - [Prevention of dental caries using Kerr fluoride gel (preliminary
      communication)].

PMID- 6594806
TI  - [Cavity lining materials].

PMID- 6594807
TI  - [Orthodontic tooth movement for periodontic, prosthetic and aesthetic purposes in
      everyday practice. II. Clinical application].

PMID- 6594808
TI  - [The course of the inferior alveolar nerve and artery in newborns as they enter
      the mandibular canal in relation to the accessory mandibular canals].

PMID- 6594809
TI  - [Correlational-statistical studies of tooth size].

PMID- 6594810
TI  - [Marginal and papillary sulcus temperature].

PMID- 6594812
TI  - [The problem of the frequency of gingivitis in pre-school children under
      systematic care].

PMID- 6594811
TI  - [Anti-edematous pharmacotherapy in ambulatory oral surgery].

PMID- 6594813
TI  - [Condition of the gingiva in childhood and juvenile type 1 diabetes, in relation
      to oral hygiene, duration of diabetes and degree of compensation in the metabolic
      disorder].

PMID- 6594814
TI  - [Use of music in dental practice].

PMID- 6594815
TI  - [Handling infectious materials in dental practice].

PMID- 6594816
TI  - [Legal basis for the performance of preventive measures in dentistry].

PMID- 6594817
TI  - [Regional changes in the chemical composition of the mandible after tongue
      reduction. 2: Ash content of the cortical bone of the mandible].

PMID- 6594818
TI  - [Clinical-experimental studies on the value of occlusal splints as interceptors
      in the treatment of parafunctions].

PMID- 6594819
TI  - [Meteorological effect on the start of inflammatory processes in the teeth, mouth
      and jaw].

PMID- 6594820
TI  - [Motives for not using dental care services].

PMID- 6594821
TI  - [Comparative studies of the effect of vacuum processing on the physical and
      chemical properties of cold- and heat-polymerized denture base synthetic resins.
      1].

PMID- 6594822
TI  - [Longitudinal studies of the 1st phase of the mixed dentition in 250 school
      children in Dresden].

PMID- 6594823
TI  - [Taste disorders caused by galvanic elements. An interesting case].

PMID- 6594824
TI  - [Case report of the identification of an unknown dead person by the dentist].

PMID- 6594825
TI  - [Glycosaminoglycans in leukocytes in myeloproliferative disorders].
AB  - Content and composition of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) was studied in leukocytes of
      30 healthy persons and of patients with different types of myeloproliferative
      disorders: 32 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 10 patients with
      polycythemia vera (PV), 5 patients with idiopathic myeloid fibrosis (IMF) and 10
      patients with acute myelo blast leukemia (AML). The total content of GAG in
      healthy persons was 97.7 +/- 3.9 micrograms of uronic acid per 100 mg of dry
      cells, in CML and IMF it was 2-4-fold increased, in PV it was elevated by 20%, in
      AML it was diminished 3-5-fold. The elevated level of GAG in CML and IMF was due
      to presence of basophils and considerable quantity of immature cell forms:
      promyelocytes and myelocytes. In these cells changes in GAGs composition and
      their properties were shown: an increase of chondroitins deficient in sulfate
      groups and of heparan sulfate content, especially in basophils. The observed
      changes in GAG content and composition may be important for biological activity
      of the leukemic cells.

PMID- 6594826
TI  - [Diagnosis and characteristics of the course of stomach cancer].

PMID- 6594827
TI  - [Blast stage in chronic myeloleukemia--diagnostic and therapeutic problems].
AB  - The data are reported from the study on 34 patients with chronic myeloleukosis
      (ChML), blast stage (BS). The early progress of BS is stressed upon--in 41% of
      the patients during the first year after making the diagnosis. A juxtaposition is
      made between some clinical and laboratory indices and the BS progress as well as
      with life span. Some criteria are presented that could aid the differentiation of
      BS from a recurrence of ChML. The unsatisfactory results from BS treatment are
      also stressed upon in spite of the achievements during the last several years.
      One of the patients was with twice overcome BS, with a duration of the second
      remission of 8 months.

PMID- 6594828
TI  - Cancer in West Virginia: how do we stand?

PMID- 6594829
TI  - A new indication for the Lapides vesicostomy.

PMID- 6594830
TI  - Wringer washers and salt-lick goiter: a case for rural medicine.

PMID- 6594831
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment for adults].

PMID- 6594832
TI  - The effects of prostaglandins F2 alpha and E2 on the motility of the cat colon in
      vitro.
AB  - Controversy exists with respect to the motor effects of prostaglandins (PG) in
      the colon. We studied the actions of the prostaglandins F2 alpha and E2 on the
      spontaneous and stimulated contractions of the circular muscle of the cat colon
      in vitro. Both prostaglandins enhanced contractile activity. PG F2 alpha was more
      effective than PG E2, the ED50 were 4.2 X 10(-9) M and 2 X 10(-7) M,
      respectively. The prostaglandin antagonist 8 ethoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-10,11
      dihydroxy-PG A1-ethyl-ester (HR 546) in a concentration of 10(-7) M shifted the
      ED50 of PG F2 alpha to the right by 1 log unit and unmasked motor stimulatory
      actions of low PG F2 alpha concentrations (10(-11) and 10(-10) M). The latter
      effect was atropine sensitive. In conclusion, PG F2 alpha and PG E2 stimulate
      contractions of the circular colon muscle at concentrations naturally occurring
      in the gut. It is conceivable that they play a role in the control of colonic
      motility, particularly in diseases like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

PMID- 6594833
TI  - Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis: a review.

PMID- 6594834
TI  - [Complications in the removal of impacted teeth in the maxilla].

PMID- 6594835
TI  - [Daily rhythmic differences in the duration of the effect of various local
      anesthetics].

PMID- 6594836
TI  - [Primary chronic osteomyelitis in the jaw].

PMID- 6594837
TI  - [65% caries reduction with naturally fluoridated water].

PMID- 6594838
TI  - [Charges and misunderstandings].

PMID- 6594839
TI  - [Disinfection in the dental office. Too much good?].

PMID- 6594840
TI  - [The wonder tooth].

PMID- 6594841
TI  - [Stability of blood coagulants in extraction wounds].

PMID- 6594842
TI  - [Early diagnosis of malignant mucosal changes in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6594843
TI  - [Results of a multi-year study of endosseous and subperiosteal dental implants].

PMID- 6594844
TI  - [Local chemotherapy of bone infections with Taurolin].

PMID- 6594845
TI  - [Solitary bone cyst in the maxilla].

PMID- 6594846
TI  - [Aspects of preprosthetic surgery].

PMID- 6594847
TI  - [Complications and accidents in daily dental practice--prevention and therapy].

PMID- 6594848
TI  - [When do infant nutrition, nursing habits and initial tooth eruption effect early
      caries?].

PMID- 6594849
TI  - [Treatment of severe facial injuries in children].

PMID- 6594851
TI  - [Experimental results of a 10-year follow-up of endodontically treated teeth].

PMID- 6594850
TI  - [Nutrition-related enamel lesions of the front teeth in the deciduous and
      permanent dentition].

PMID- 6594852
TI  - [Possibilities of the electronic recording of mandibular movements --review of
      the literature 1977-1983].

PMID- 6594853
TI  - [Corrosion potential of a plastic-metal composite for veneered crowns and
      bridges. 3].

PMID- 6594854
TI  - [The bacteriology of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6594855
TI  - [Wounds and their healing with special reference to intraoral conditions].

PMID- 6594856
TI  - [The current view of the formation of the masticatory complex].

PMID- 6594857
TI  - [Improved and expanded possibilities for dental materials testing with the
      Hoppler Consistometer].

PMID- 6594858
TI  - [Further development of an acid-bath device for precious-metal dental alloys].

PMID- 6594859
TI  - [Recommendations for the effective use of work equipment in dental laboratory
      technics. Use, maintenance and repair].

PMID- 6594860
TI  - [Communist education, especially ethical-moral education, in the practical and
      theoretical training of students in the profession of dental technology].

PMID- 6594861
TI  - [Functional orthodontics from the viewpoint of the dental professional and the
      dental technical professional].

PMID- 6594862
TI  - [Concentration of serum and 24-hour urine free amino acids in children with the
      la Tourette syndrome].
AB  - Twenty children with generalized tic (Gilles de la Tourette's disease) were
      examined for the aminoacid spectrum of both blood serum and urine (in 13 cases)
      and of the urine (in 7 cases). Eight normal age-matched children served as a
      control group. A statistically significant elevation in the levels of asparaginic
      acid, threonine and serine was found in the serum of children with generalized
      tic. Increased concentrations of these acids in the urine were also statistically
      significant. Such changes in the content of aminoacids do not seem to be the
      primary link in the pathogenesis of the disease but may reflect certain metabolic
      disorders and be the manifestations of some clinical characteristics of the
      disease.

PMID- 6594863
TI  - Experience with elective coniotomy.
AB  - One hundred and five coniotomies have been carried out, as an alternative to
      tracheotomy on patients in the ICU, Danderyd Hospital. The procedure is easy to
      perform, relatively riskfree and is attractive in terms of resources required.
      However a rather high frequency of voice-changes were found.

PMID- 6594864
TI  - No effect of naloxone or morphine on plasma catecholamines during hemorrhage in
      rat.
AB  - Awake rats were bled 2.5 per cent of their body weight during 15 min. This caused
      a 50-fold increase of plasma adrenaline and a 15-fold increase of plasma
      noradrenaline after 90 min. Treatment with naloxone or morphine did not
      significantly affect blood pressure or plasma catecholamine levels. The results
      suggest that the action of naloxone in hemorrhagic hypotension is not mediated
      via the sympatho-adrenal system.

PMID- 6594865
TI  - Anesthetic agents and sympatho-adrenal response to hemorrhage in the rat.
AB  - The sympatho-adrenal activity as reflected in plasma catecholamine levels was
      studied in rats subjected to a standardized hemorrhage. A comparison was
      performed between awake rats and rats anesthetized with diethylether, enflurane,
      barbiturate or ketamine. As expected diethylether increased sympathoadrenal
      activity. Enflurane induction increased adrenaline and decreased noradrenaline
      levels. Upon hemorrhage the sympatho-adrenal activity was depressed compared to
      the awake state. Barbiturate anesthesia depressed sympatho-adrenal activity.
      Ketamine increased noradrenaline levels and a relative hypertension was noticed
      during bleeding. The results focus attention on important differences in sympatho
      adrenal activity between awake rats and rats anesthetized with different agents.

PMID- 6594866
TI  - Surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. Experience with 400 patients during 10
      years (1972-1981).
AB  - The records of 400 patients operated on for primary hyperparathyroidism during 10
      years were reviewed. Seventy-three per cent of the patients were women. The mean
      age at operation was 58 years. Renal stones was the main indication for surgery
      in 52 per cent of the men, but only in 17 per cent of the women. Forty-four per
      cent of the women and 22 per cent of the men had neuromuscular symptoms. Fifteen
      per cent of the patients were asymptomatic. Hypercalcemia was moderate in most
      cases with mean S-Ca less than 3.0 mmol/l in 80 per cent. A conservative surgical
      approach with microscopical identification of one or two glands only was used in
      2/3 of the cases. Subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in less than 10 per
      cent. Single adenoma was found in 70 per cent, double adenomas in 4 per cent,
      hyperplasia in 17 per cent and cancer in 1 per cent. The outcome of the operation
      was normocalcemia in 86 per cent. Seven per cent had persistent hypercalcemia.
      Seven per cent were hypoparathyroid and had to take calcium or vitamin D to be
      normocalcemic. The frequency of hypoparathyroidism was highest in the group of
      patients where all four parathyroid glands had been biopsied during the
      operation. The results support a conservative surgical strategy with careful
      bilateral exploration without biopsy of all four glands.

PMID- 6594867
TI  - Nutritional assessment and postoperative morbidity. A prospective study in 286
      consecutive surgical patients.
AB  - 286 consecutive surgical patients went through a nutritional assessment following
      admission to the hospital. Serum albumin (S-alb), serum transferrin (S-transf),
      triceps skinfold (TSF) and arm muscle circumference (AMC) were recorded. The
      frequency of pathological values of TSF and AMC varied greatly depending on the
      reference population used to set the standard. There was no correlation between
      TSF or AMC and postoperative morbidity. S-alb less than 36 g/l and S-transf less
      than 2.0 g/l were associated with a marked increase in postoperative morbidity
      (29.4% and 20.0% respectively as compared to 7.6% in all operated patients). Thus
      S-alb and S-transf seemed to be able to predict postoperative morbidity. However,
      this ability varied depending on the diagnosis. Age was another factor with a
      marked influence on postoperative morbidity. It is suggested that attempts to
      make nutritional interpretations from S-alb and S-transf take into account
      patient age and the diagnosis. TSF and AMC seem to be of less value.

PMID- 6594868
TI  - Malignant stenosis of the esophagus treated with dilatation or intubation.
AB  - Patients with incurable carcinoma of the esophagus or the cardia have a miserable
      life, without being able to swallow and with a risk for pulmonary complications
      secondary to aspiration of secretion from the esophagus. All efforts should be
      made to give these patients relief from dysphagia. Our experience indicates that
      the quality of life may be dramatically improved after dilatation or intubation
      which restores the ability to swallow, thereby reducing the risk for pulmonary
      complications.

PMID- 6594869
TI  - Vitamin B12 deficiency after partial gastrectomy.
AB  - In a prospective study vitamin B12 concentration was assayed in 22 patients
      before and 6.4 years after partial gastrectomy. S-B12 had decreased from 496 to
      274 pg/ml, p less than 0.001. Four patients had pathological values and two were
      already on B12 substitution because of deficiency. No difference in B12
      concentration was found between patients with gastric or duodenal ulcers or
      between Billroth I and II operations. Other hematological tests were normal, and
      the nutritional status of the patients was satisfactory. It is concluded that
      regular postoperative controls of S-B12 or prophylactic B12 therapy is indicated
      in these patients.

PMID- 6594870
TI  - Bile reflux to the stomach and gastritis before and after cholecystectomy.
AB  - Thirty-four patients with gallstone disease were examined with cholescintigraphy
      and gastroscopy before and after cholecystectomy. Sixteen patients had a
      functioning and 23 a non-functioning gallbladder at cholescintigraphy. At
      scintigraphy 99Tcm-activity was found over the gastric fundus in 28% before and
      in 22% after cholecystectomy and there was no difference between the groups with
      and without a functioning gallbladder regarding bile reflux. Before
      cholecystectomy bile-stained contents in the stomach was significantly more often
      found among those with a non-functioning gallbladder (87%) than in those with a
      functioning gallbladder (44%). After cholecystectomy the number of patients with
      bile-stained contents in the stomach was high in both groups (92% and 82%
      respectively). No correlation could be found between the two methods to detect
      bile in the stomach. Before cholecystectomy patients with a functioning
      gallbladder had inflammatory changes in the antral as well as the fundic mucosa
      in 31%. Patients with a nonfunctioning gallbladder had inflammatory changes in
      the antral mucosa in 47% and in the fundic mucosa in 56%. These differences were
      however not statistically significant. No correlation could be found between bile
      stained contents in the stomach and chronic gastritis or scintigraphically
      detected bile in the stomach and chronic gastritis. The degree and distribution
      of chronic gastritis was virtually unchanged one year after cholecystectomy.

PMID- 6594871
TI  - Studies on the causal relationship between gall-bladder emptying and motilin
      release in man.
AB  - Emptying of the human gall-bladder has previously been shown to be associated
      with the release of motilin, both in the fasting state and after various stimuli,
      such as oral intake of fat or water. Whether motilin causes emptying of the human
      gall-bladder or whether the peptide is released by gall-bladder emptying is not
      presently known. Recent animal experiments suggest that intravenous infusion of
      pure porcine motilin causes emptying of the gall-bladder, both in the pig and the
      dog. In the present investigation, neither a physiological nor a pharmacological
      one-hour infusion of pure porcine motilin caused emptying of the human gall
      bladder. In contrast, manual compression of the gall-bladder, at the beginning of
      operation for large bowel carcinoma, was followed by motilin release. The one
      hour integrated motilin response after gall-bladder compression was about 10
      times greater than in the control patients in whom the motilin response after
      palpation of the liver was similarly calculated. We conclude that flow of bile
      into the proximal small bowel is a signal for the release of motilin from the
      peptide-producing cells in the gut mucosa.

PMID- 6594872
TI  - Gardner's syndrome with adenoma of the common bile duct. A case report.
AB  - A family with Gardner's syndrome (GS) is presented. One family member suffered
      from adenomatosis of the stomach and the duodenum and bile duct obstruction due
      to adenoma of the common bile duct, and another died at the age of 24 in brain
      tumour. The various gastrointestinal manifestations of GS are discussed, the
      question being whether there is a difference between familial polyposis coli
      (FPC) and GS or not.

PMID- 6594873
TI  - The Swedish patient insurance system. A review with special reference to the
      judgement of surgical cases.

PMID- 6594874
TI  - Conservative treatment of splenic injuries.
AB  - Thirty patients with splenic injury have been treated at Danderyd Hospital 1969
      1984. All the 18 patients with splenic trauma treated until 1978 underwent
      splenectomy. Of the 12 patients with verified splenic injury after 1979 only six
      were splenectomized, two underwent laparotomy without splenectomy and four were
      treated nonoperatively. Thus, in half of the patients where a spleen preserving
      treatment was tried the spleen could be saved. A retrospective study of the
      previous 18 patients indicates that about the same proportion of spleen saving
      treatment would have been possible.

PMID- 6594875
TI  - Vascular diagnostic methods. A vascular surgeon's view.

PMID- 6594876
TI  - Instruments for routine arthroscopic surgery of the knee.
AB  - The use of operating instruments for routine arthroscopic operations was analysed
      on 2397 arthroscopies with 986 operations. The biggest group was meniscectomy (n
      = 358). The most common instrument combination was knife, a straight 4 mm
      grasper, a 3-4 mm basket forceps and a suction device, which was used in 53% of
      the cases. Instrument breakage rates were analysed and found to be rather high
      especially for straight basket forceps (2/100 operations) and grasping forceps
      (3.6/100 operations). In two cases arthrotomy had to be done to retrieve a broken
      piece of grasping forceps. 30 degree telescopes used together with a TV-system
      had to be replaced at a rate of 0.8/100 operations and 70 degree telescopes at
      0.2/100 operations.

PMID- 6594877
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid protein--an aid in the diagnosis of herniated discs.
AB  - 418 myelographies, the corresponding clinical findings and analysis of
      cerebrospinal fluid protein (CFP) have been studied. In cases where clinical
      examination revealed clear symptoms of lumbar nerve root compression myelography
      was positive in 70% if CFP was elevated, and in only 35% if the CFP was normal.
      70% of the patients in this group were operated upon if the CFP was elevated and
      in only 39% if the CFP was normal. In neurologically unclear cases the
      myelography was positive in 45% if the CFP was elevated and in 5% if the CFP was
      normal. 32% of the patients in this group were operated upon if the CFP was
      elevated and 8% if the CFP was normal. Four patients with malignancies and four
      patients with infections all had elevated CFP. It is concluded that early lumbar
      puncture and analysis of CFP in cases with nerve root symptoms make it possible
      to diagnose tumour and infectious cases earlier. The analysis can also be of
      value in determination of cases candidating for myelography and operation.

PMID- 6594878
TI  - End-to-end transureteroureterostomy in a patient with a single kidney. A case
      report.
AB  - A report is given on a patient with only one kidney after a donor-nephrectomy on
      the left side and suffering from a cancer in the distal part of the right ureter.
      In order to avoid nephrostomy, ureterostomy or autotransplantation the remaining
      part of the left ureter was used in an end-to-end-transureterostomy. Longtime
      ureteral nonfunction does not seem to contraindicate this procedure.

PMID- 6594879
TI  - Spontaneous recanalisation after vasectomy. A case report.
AB  - Spontaneous recanalisation of the vas deferens is a wellknown but seldom seen
      complication to vasectomy. The recanalisation process is initiated in a spermatic
      granuloma. The present case report describes a recanalized vas deferens.

PMID- 6594880
TI  - Bleeding during transurethral prostatectomy. Is preoperative blood request
      necessary?
AB  - Transurethral resection of the prostate is nowadays the totally dominating
      operation for prostatic hyperplasia. The most common and also most discussed
      complication is per- and postoperative bleeding. To find out how often there is
      need for blood transfusion in connection with transurethral prostatectomy we
      analyzed all such operations performed during 1981 at the Urological clinic,
      Danderyd Hospital. The study showed that transfusion was given in 13% of the
      operations. The amount of given blood was generally small. The conclusion is that
      there is no need for routine request of blood preoperatively at transurethral
      resections of the prostate.

PMID- 6594881
TI  - Pemphigus vulgaris with subclinical involvement of the uterine cervix. Report of
      a case with persistence of abnormal Papanicolaou smears posthysterectomy.
AB  - A case of pemphigus vulgaris is reported in which abnormal Papanicolaou smears
      continued prior to and after hysterectomy despite a normal pelvic examination.
      Microscopic foci of cervical pemphigus were found only in a retrospective study
      of the surgical material. Subclinical involvement of the cervicovaginal area with
      pemphigus, especially in a patient whose disease is apparently under control with
      steroids, can be a source of atypical Papanicolaou smears. The importance of
      careful colposcopic examination and clinical history is stressed for the
      gynecologist and cytopathologist, respectively.

PMID- 6594882
TI  - Adenoma malignum of the cervix. Cytologic findings.
AB  - The cytologic findings in three patients with adenoma malignum of the cervix are
      described. Two of them had the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. One complained of vaginal
      bleeding, another of a mucoid vaginal discharge, and in the third case the tumor
      was discovered on routine physical examination. Cytologic material from these
      cases showed endocervical cells exhibiting a spectrum of atypical changes. The
      cells were arranged in multilayered strips, monolayered sheets and three
      dimensional clusters. Individual cells ranged from cuboidal to columnar; the
      columnar cells typically had abundant lacy or vacuolated cytoplasm. The nuclei
      were round to oval and vesicular, and some of them contained prominent nucleoli.
      Variable numbers of mitotic figures were present. In one case the presence of
      numerous atypical cells was only suggestive of the diagnosis of malignancy; in
      the other two cases, although the majority of cells were only atypical, small
      numbers of frankly malignant cells were present.

PMID- 6594883
TI  - Cytologic presentation of ovarian adenosquamous carcinoma in ascitic fluid. A
      case report.
AB  - Cytologic examination of ascitic fluid from a patient with an ovarian
      adenosquamous carcinoma revealed both adenocarcinoma cells and squamous carcinoma
      cells. This is believed to be the first report of such a case.

PMID- 6594884
TI  - Cytologic diagnosis of gastric composite adenocarcinoma-carcinoid.
AB  - The cytologic findings in brushings from a composite adenocarcinoma-carcinoid of
      the stomach are presented. Cytologic smears showed both adenocarcinoma and
      carcinoid cell populations while the endoscopic biopsy specimen showed only
      adenocarcinoma. This case illustrates the usefulness of obtaining both cytology
      and biopsy specimens at endoscopy for the evaluation of gastric lesions.

PMID- 6594885
TI  - Cytologic presentation of primary leptomeningeal sarcomatosis.
AB  - The cytologic findings in the cerebrospinal fluid of a 25-year-old male who
      presented with a diffuse neurologic disease clinically diagnosed as
      meningoencephalitis are described. Primary leptomeningeal sarcomatosis was
      subsequently diagnosed at postmortem examination. The potential value of
      cerebrospinal fluid cytology as a primary diagnostic tool in this rare and
      unusual tumor is discussed.

PMID- 6594886
TI  - Cytodiagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas. Use of intraoperative
      fine needle aspiration.
AB  - The first cytologic diagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas is
      reported. An intraoperative fine needle aspiration of a pancreatic mass showed
      malignant adenocarcinoma with a significant keratinizing component, which the
      surgical specimen showed to be an adenosquamous carcinoma.

PMID- 6594887
TI  - Cytologic diagnosis of intravenous talc granulomatosis by fine needle aspiration
      biopsy. A case report.
AB  - A fine needle aspiration specimen from the right lung of a 44-year-old former
      drug addict was submitted for cytologic evaluation. The specimen consisted of
      numerous mononucleate and multinucleate macrophages containing aggregates of
      silicate crystals, as seen by light microscopic examination using a polarizing
      filter. The background of the slides included fibroblasts, lymphocytes and other
      inflammatory cells. The finding within foreign-body giant cells of large groups
      of strongly birefringent, platelike crystals varying widely in size led to the
      conclusive cytologic diagnosis of intravenous talc granulomatosis.

PMID- 6594888
TI  - Evaluation of techniques for increasing mitotic yield and chromosome length in
      leukemic cells.
AB  - Previously reported techniques for the culture of bone marrow and unstimulated
      peripheral blood for cytogenetic analysis were evaluated in patients with acute
      myelogenous leukemia (AML) or chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Samples were
      treated in the following manner: (1) cold synchronization (exposure to 4 C for
      eight hours, then incubation at 37 C for 14.5 hours [CML] or 16.5 hours [AML]);
      (2) cold synchronization plus Hoechst 33258 (as first treatment, with Hoechst
      33258 added to a final concentration of 50 micrograms/ml for the last five hours
      of incubation; (3) methotrexate synchronization (methotrexate added to a final
      concentration of 10(-7) M, incubation at 37 C for 17 hours, then washing of cells
      and addition of thymidine to a final concentration of 10(-5) M for an additional
      5 hours 15 minutes of incubation); and (4) controls (untreated, incubation at 37
      C). All cultures were harvested simultaneously in the usual manner. Our results
      suggest that cold synchronization provides improvement in mitotic yield and
      chromosome length as well as in chromosomal morphology, as compared to the
      results obtained with cold synchronization plus addition of the fluorochrome
      Hoechst 33258, with methotrexate synchronization or with standard direct culture
      techniques. Cold synchronization can readily be applied to the routine laboratory
      culture of hematologic cells for cytogenetic analysis.

PMID- 6594889
TI  - Type of intrauterine device and actinomyces-like organisms: is there a
      correlation?

PMID- 6594890
TI  - Metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma: diagnosis by synovial fluid aspiration.

PMID- 6594891
TI  - Cytology of clear-cell carcinoma of the ovary in ascitic fluid.

PMID- 6594892
TI  - Differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells by hexamethylenebisamide
      analogues.

PMID- 6594893
TI  - Abnormal negative feedback control of granulopoiesis in patients with chronic
      myelogenous leukemia.

PMID- 6594894
TI  - Defective mechanisms of immunophagocytosis by leukemic monocytes in childhood
      acute monocytic leukemia demonstrated by electron microscopy.

PMID- 6594895
TI  - Splenectomy in chronic myeloid leukemia in Japan (the final report).

PMID- 6594896
TI  - A chromosome survey of 42 cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia: significance of
      the Philadelphia translocation.

PMID- 6594897
TI  - Cell characterization and phorbol ester-induced differentiation of a human acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (NT-1).

PMID- 6594898
TI  - International Federation of Multiple Sclerosis Societies. Symposium on a minimal
      record of disability for multiple sclerosis. Vancouver, Canada, September 11, 12,
      1983.

PMID- 6594899
TI  - Minimal record of disability in multiple sclerosis--application to Japanese
      patients.
AB  - The Japanese version of Minimal Record of Disability in MS was applied to
      randomly selected Japanese MS cases in order to determine the applicability of
      the scales and also to get the general trends of the disabilities of Japanese MS.
      The scales did reflect impairment of functional systems, in which visual system
      was most severe. The average DSS was 4/10. Incapacity status or environment
      status were well correlated with impairment of pyramidal or bowel/bladder
      systems. They also correlated with DSS. Duration of the illness was correlated
      with the severity of impairment, disability or handicap. Accumulation of such a
      core data base may help in management of the MS problems in the world.

PMID- 6594900
TI  - Disability in multiple sclerosis and the provision of social and medical
      services: findings in Wellington, New Zealand.
AB  - A study of the incapacity and socioeconomic scales in 120 patients with multiple
      sclerosis (MS) living in Wellington, New Zealand, is described. The questionnaire
      has been compared by different health professionals. There was good correlation
      between the observations of different professionals on incapacity analysis and
      this may be improved by reducing the questions to six. The findings on the
      socioeconomic scale, however, cannot be predicted accurately from the incapacity
      scale. The socioeconomic survey revealed major improvement in patient support in
      New Zealand during the last decade. We consider that our New Zealand findings
      indicate the value of field officers concerned with co-ordination of services and
      provision of information for patients with MS. Future research should be directed
      towards assessment of support systems.

PMID- 6594901
TI  - A contribution to assessment in MS. Study of 100 situations of MS persons through
      Incapacity Status and Environmental Status and their scales scores.
AB  - The 1982 IFMSS Incapacity Status and the Environmental Status Scale have been
      field tested in Switzerland outside a clinical setting. With the cooperation of
      social workers, 100 persons with MS, with a mean age of 47 y. 7m., participated.
      Tables give results: for the Incapacity scale, a mean score of 27.1 and standard
      deviation of 17.3, for the Environment scale, a mean score of 15.7 and s.d. of
      7.7. For items Physical Problems, Personal Assistance and Community Health
      Services, precise lists of categories of people intervening should be given to
      avoid confusion, get more accurate scores and possible comparisons. Where item
      total correlations are low, we wondered how far the related items were comparable
      or should be reconsidered. There was no inter-rater agreement testing nor
      reliability control. Final remarks are made for the use of both scales in a
      Minimum Record of Disability Rating System in Switzerland.

PMID- 6594902
TI  - Field testing of a minimal record of disability in multiple sclerosis: the United
      States and Canada.
AB  - The IFMSS Minimal Record of Disability (MRD) in Multiple Sclerosis was field
      tested at eight medical centers in the U.S. and Canada. The goals were to conduct
      a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the MRD. Assessment were completed
      on 249 patients with definite MS by neurologists and allied health professionals.
      Effective administration required some study and practice. Refinement of some
      unclear wording and awkward format will improve ease of administration. The MRD
      fit well into clinic routines and was accepted by staff and patients. Scoring
      presented few problems and these were related to overlap among the MRD scales,
      poor wording, and content not appropriate to MS. Quantitative evaluation of the
      MRD indicated that Incapacity Status primarily reflects disability in mobility
      and self-care when used as a composite score. Heterogeneity of content in
      Incapacity Status suggests that summed scores be used cautiously. Both Incapacity
      and Environmental Status had high levels of reliability and high correlations
      with established measures of impairment in MS. Inter-rater agreement of the ISS
      and ESS were also high. Once some necessary revisions are made, the MRD should be
      well on its way to achieving the IFMSS goal of developing a brief, reliable,
      valid, and appropriate instrument acceptable to a wide variety of workers in MS.

PMID- 6594903
TI  - Experience in the use of the Minimal Record of Disability in multiple sclerosis
      chapters and community settings.
AB  - The Minimal Record of Disability (MRD), developed by the International Federation
      of Multiple Sclerosis Societies, was field tested by Patient Services Staff in
      Multiple Sclerosis chapters and community settings in the United States and
      Canada. The goals of this initial field testing project were to determine
      acceptance and feasibility of using the Minimal Disability System in MS chapter
      and community settings and to illustrate potential applications of this
      instrument in planning patient service programs. An additional goal was to
      evaluate the MS chapter and community experience in using the MRD and the
      potential of it's continued use in patient service. One hundred and sixty MS
      persons were interviewed for the project in fifteen MS chapter and community
      settings. In this paper we will present our findings and a summary evaluation of
      the field testing experience.

PMID- 6594905
TI  - Disability rating with the IFMSS scales.
AB  - The long-term continuous care program of the Gottingen MS Information and
      Counseling Unit is described. In 120 patients, analysis of environmental
      situation showed that 1/3 of the patients had endangered family situations, 2/3
      were unemployed or pensioned and 2/3 were unable to do housework. 1/3 had
      unsatisfactory financial situations, 1/3 were in need of better housing, 2/3
      required daily personal assistance, and in 1/3 transportation was possible only
      in special vehicles. An attempt is made to qualify the effort and cost/benefit
      relation to the unit. A summary of the performance-limiting disturbances showed
      that there were several severe and frequently occurring disturbances which are
      difficult to document with the IFMSS systems. To deal with this problem, clinical
      profiles were developed, examples of which are given.

PMID- 6594904
TI  - Experience with a new incapacity rating system in multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 6594906
TI  - Assessing disablement status in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - This paper is based on a critique of selected aspects of previous experience in
      assessing disablement status in people suffering from multiple sclerosis. It
      considers the influence of purpose on the approach to assessment by contrasting
      clinical assessments carried out for individual care with those where it is
      intended to pool experience for wider application. The nature of assessment is
      then discussed, and technical considerations such as correlation, scoring,
      statistical tests, and distributional characteristics. Previous work on MS is
      then set alongside the approach followed in the World Health Organization's
      International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps. A
      comprehensive conceptual framework is discussed, and the terminology appropriate
      to this area. An important challenge concerns the scope of assessments, which
      dimensions should be taken into account. Aspects of importance in application of
      the WHO scheme are also noted.

PMID- 6594907
TI  - Criteria and uses of the Minimal Record of Disability in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - A Minimal Record of Disability of Multiple Sclerosis has been developed by
      collaborative studies over 5 years among twelve countries in nine languages. The
      purpose is to provide a simple data set reflecting the profile of personal
      disability and environmental situations of individuals with MS so that local,
      regional and national planning and evaluation of resource allocations can be
      developed as well as to permit international comparisons of system effectiveness.
      The MRD is patterned on the World Health Organization taxonomy for disability and
      is now ready for implementation in service studies.

PMID- 6594908
TI  - Development of a structured interview to accompany the minimal record.
AB  - In conjunction with field trials of the Minimal Record of Disability in MS, a
      Structured Interview was developed. The purpose of this effort was to achieve
      some standardization in the methods used for gathering the information needed to
      rate the items on the MRD. Since the Impairment portion of the MRD is based on
      the neurological examination, a reasonably standard procedure, the focus of the
      SI was only on Incapacity and Environmental Status. Following a review of
      existing functional assessment instruments, questions were constructed to match
      the items on the ISS and ESS. These questions were piloted with a small group of
      patients and revised. The ISS was utilized in the field trials of the MRD in the
      U.S. and Canada. Based upon experience in that study extensive revisions were
      made in the SI. These revisions reflect new items added to the MRD, items
      retained but revised, clarification of wording in the interview, and
      simplification of the interview format.

PMID- 6594909
TI  - International Federation of Multiple Sclerosis Societies. Minimal Record of
      Disability--1983.

PMID- 6594910
TI  - IFMSS Minimal Record of Disability for multiple sclerosis. Interview protocol for
      Incapacity Status Scale, Environmental Status Scale 1983.

PMID- 6594911
TI  - Substantive and methodological issues in a rating of cognitive and psychological
      function in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - There is a need for a practical, reliable, and valid rating scale for cognitive
      function in Multiple Sclerosis due to the high frequency of cognitive dysfunction
      and its consequences for patients and family. The process of rating cognitive
      function is examined from the point of view of the observer, the observed, and
      the examination and rating scales. It is concluded that observers can be trained
      to reduce bias and increase reliability. The patient may be a source of
      information through diaries, check lists, and interviews. Rating items must be
      based on the major cognitive deficit factors in multiple sclerosis. Standardized
      examination must be the basis for ratings. Rating items must be clear and closely
      tied to observable behaviour. A series of steps for a project to develop an
      acceptable international cognitive rating scale is proposed.

PMID- 6594912
TI  - Experience in cognitive assessment in MS relevant to developing a simple rating
      system.
AB  - Cognitive involvement in multiple sclerosis has not been given adequate clinical
      attention. Many patients have behavioral problems which may be ascribed
      superficially to depression or inability to cope. Cognitive assessment as
      conducted in most neurological examinations may be rated as normal. However,
      neuropsychological testing on these patients frequently reveals impairment of
      cognition. These findings merit followup to provide clearer directives for
      clinical interventions.

PMID- 6594913
TI  - Use of P300 and a dementia rating scale in the evaluation of cognitive
      dysfunction in MS.
AB  - The assessment of mental dysfunction in multiple sclerosis and discrimination
      from the secondary effects of sensory and motor deficits has comparability to
      similar work done on dementia in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson disease. Two
      approaches to testing might include adaptation of the Alzheimer Disease
      Assessment Scale and inclusion of the P300 component of the event-related
      auditory evoked potential.

PMID- 6594914
TI  - Cognitive and psychological assessment. Synopsis of discussions.

PMID- 6594915
TI  - A Sexual Functioning Scale in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - 73 MS patients were graded on a 5-point Sexual Functioning Scale in the process
      of routine data collection for the Minimal Record of Disability in MS. 45% of the
      patients were less sexually active or inactive since the onset of MS. 27% were
      concerned about this situation. The Demographic features, impairment, disability
      and handicap profile of patients in the various Sexual functioning Scale
      categories was analysed. The sexually less active or inactive patients were
      different from the active-as-before-MS patients in various ways, but most
      significantly in their difficulties with toilet transfer and bladder functioning.
      The concerned patients were bladder functioning. The concerned patients were also
      different from not concerned patient in various ways, but most significantly in
      their problems with ambulation and in maintaining their usual financial
      standards. Further studies are required to begin to understand the natural
      history of sex problems in MS.

PMID- 6594916
TI  - Disability indices, the economic costs of illness, and social insurance: the case
      of multiple sclerosis.
AB  - Debilitating, long-term illness can impose a significant economic hardship on
      families affected with the illness and on the wider society as well. In addition
      to medical research to find a cure or a prevention for such illnesses, society
      may wish, in the interim, to allocate resources to compensate the families
      burdened by the illness for the economic losses they have suffered. Such
      compensation will take the form of a social insurance program. The socially
      optimal insurance program requires two crucial pieces of information: (i) an
      index of physical disability and (ii) an accurate assessment of the economic
      losses associated with each stage of disability as measured by that index. This
      paper reports on an initial attempt using U.S. data to provide these two
      important facts for one long-term, disabling illness: multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 6594917
TI  - An assessment of IFMSS 1982 minimal disability rating system.
AB  - Difficulties in the definitions in the existing scale are identified. The need to
      verify originally recorded data, and the nature and magnitude of errors if
      reliance is placed on patient self-assessment or data from patients alone is
      stressed.

PMID- 6594918
TI  - Use of rating scales to reflect cognitive and mental functioning in multiple
      sclerosis.
AB  - 46 patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis were studied to compare
      intellectual function (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) with other clinical
      expressions of the disease. Estimated premorbid I.Q. was compared to actual I.Q.
      35% had I.Q. decrease of 0-14 points (clinically insignificant); 56% had mild to
      moderate I.Q. decrease of 15-29 points and 8% had more serious I.Q. decrease of
      30 or more points. Decrease in I.Q. did not correlate with any other neurological
      deficit.

PMID- 6594919
TI  - A critical evaluation of the Incapacity Status Scale.
AB  - The Incapacity State Scale (ISS) of the research version of the Minimal Record of
      Disability in Multiple Sclerosis has been tested in parallel with Assessment of
      the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Index. Reliance of the ISS scoring on the
      use of aids and adaptive devices was found to be a major source of variation. It
      is suggested that the general scoring of the proposed ISS scale should be
      modified so that it employs that of the ADL method, i.e. measuring only
      independence (irrespective of the use of side and adaptive devices), partial and
      total dependence.

PMID- 6594920
TI  - Evaluation of disability, incapacity and environmental status scales in multiple
      sclerosis.
AB  - From the Danish Multiple Sclerosis (MS) population a representative sample of 249
      patients with a clinically definite diagnosis of MS has been tested by use of the
      Functional System Scale and Disability Status Scale of Kurtzke and the Incapacity
      and Environmental Status Scales of the IFMSS. Validity and reliability of the
      items and the properties of summed scales have been estimated. A statistical
      evaluation showed that generally the Incapacity and the Environmental Status
      Scales worked well. Problems encountered with the use of the Incapacity scale are
      mentioned and on statistical grounds a proposal of an incapacity scale with fewer
      items is presented.

PMID- 6594921
TI  - Proposal for summing the incapacity status or environmental status scores.
AB  - Factor analysis was performed on the scores of variables of the Incapacity Status
      (ISS) and the Environmental Status Scale (ESS) in 184 MS patients. The aim of the
      study was to examine the relation between these variables and to examine the
      possibilities of using a summation process on scores. It proved that summing
      scores of the ISS conceals important information on communication disorders and
      on bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunctions. It was suggested to use three,
      composed variables of the ISS and the five variables of the ESS in the summation
      to produce a figure which reflects the handicaps of the patients.

PMID- 6594922
TI  - Evaluation of the minimal record of disability in multiple sclerosis patients in
      Genoa.
AB  - Minimal Record of Disability proposed by the International Federation of Multiple
      Sclerosis Societies has been evaluated in 148 multiple sclerosis patients living
      in Genoa, Italy. Statistical percentages on impairment, disability and handicap
      have been collected also reflecting an image of local health and social services.
      Critical evaluation of the results led to the following proposals: a) clarify the
      need of including daily living activities in the evaluation of societal role of
      MS patients; b) insert evaluation of ability in rising besides bathing and
      include washing parts of one's body in grooming. Some other minor changes and
      clarifications are proposed.

PMID- 6594923
TI  - Arthrodesis of the wrist. A clinical, radiographic and ergonomic study of 66
      cases.

PMID- 6594924
TI  - Hypnosis in the treatment of myofibrositis and anxiety: a case report.

PMID- 6594925
TI  - Sequential combination of methotrexate and vindesine in previously treated
      children with acute leukemia. A phase I-II study.
AB  - A therapeutic synergistic effect is seen in animal models when vinca alkaloids
      are administered after methotrexate. To examine further this interaction in
      clinical studies, a phase I-II trial was conducted in children with hematologic
      malignancies in the Department of Pediatrics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer
      Center. A schedule of sequential of methotrexate and vindesine was developed
      which showed effect in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children in relapse and
      which was relatively nontoxic. The regimen has also been useful for reinduction
      for patients who are candidates for bone marrow transplant.

PMID- 6594926
TI  - A phase II trial of VP 16-213 in adults with refractory acute myeloid leukemia.
      An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study.
AB  - VP-16-213 was studied in 38 adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute
      myeloid leukemia as part of a randomized trial in an ECOG master protocol. In
      this group of heavily pretreated patients, an overall response rate of 18% was
      achieved (5% CR, 13% PR). Toxicity was mild, and aplasia was rarely observed.
      Responses were seen in all of the FAB myeloid subtypes. Patients who had never
      achieved remission status responded as well as patients who had relapsed.

PMID- 6594927
TI  - Phase II evaluation of aclacinomycin-A (NSC-208734) in adenocarcinoma of the
      kidney.

PMID- 6594928
TI  - Granulocytic sarcoma presenting as a mediastinal tumor. Report of a case and
      cytological and cytochemical studies of tumor cells in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - An unusual case of granulocytic sarcoma in a 23-year-old man is reported. The
      patient initially presented with mediastinal tumor and was diagnosed clinically
      as having thymoma. The patient was treated by radiotherapy and surgical removal
      of the tumor. Histology of the excised tumor had been nondiagnostic because of
      extensive fibrous changes. Eight months later, the patient developed pleural
      effusion on the right, which soon was followed by blood and bone marrow pictures
      consistent with acute promyelocytic leukemia. In vitro culture of pleural
      effusion cells unexpectedly gave rise to a continuously growing peroxidase
      positive myeloid cell line. Autopsy revealed the recurrent mediastinal tumor to
      be positive for intracytoplasmic naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase and
      lysozyme activity. From these findings, the patient retrospectively was diagnosed
      as having mediastinal granulocytic sarcoma, which terminated in pleural effusion
      and acute promyelocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6594930
TI  - Feedback on ventilators.

PMID- 6594929
TI  - Major gene model for the inheritance of catechol-O-methyltransferase activity in
      five large families.
AB  - Five large families including 1,189 individuals were each ascertained through one
      proband with essential hypertension. Four of the probands were white and one was
      black. Erythrocyte catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) activity was measured in
      551 family members. Standard statistical methods were used to investigate sex,
      age, and family differences in COMT activity. Maximum-likelihood methods were
      used to fit mixtures of normal distributions to COMT activity. COMT activity is
      distinctly bimodal. Pedigree segregation analyses were performed on the
      untransformed COMT values, their square roots, and natural logarithms in each
      family. In no family and under none of the three transformations was it possible
      to reject the hypothesis of Mendelian transmission of a major gene with two
      alleles in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. In most cases a genetic hypothesis with
      complete dominance or recessiveness, or a hypothesis of equal transmission
      probabilities was rejected. While the different transformations had a large
      effect on the skewness and kurtosis of the overall distribution of the data, they
      had little effect on the outcome of these segregation analyses. Therefore, this
      study strongly supports the concept that variation in COMT activity is due in
      large part to the effects of a major gene.

PMID- 6594931
TI  - Uterine rupture with the use of vaginal prostaglandin E2 for induction of labor.

PMID- 6594932
TI  - The expression of HLA antigens by cells in the human cornea.
AB  - Although antigens of the human major histocompatibility complex, HLA, appear to
      be involved in the rejection of corneal allografts, the expression of these
      antigens by cells of the human cornea remains controversial. Using sensitive
      immunoperoxidase techniques, we readily demonstrated class I HLA antigens on
      corneal epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells, regardless of donor age.
      Moreover, the expression of class I antigens by epithelium increased markedly
      from the central to the peripheral cornea. Finally, class II HLA antigens were
      found on cells scattered throughout both central and peripheral epithelium as
      well as the stroma. A cornea obtained from a donor of known HLA type expressed
      all expected and no unexpected polymorphic HLA determinants in the cornea, in a
      pattern similar to that seen for monomorphic HLA determinants.

PMID- 6594933
TI  - A method of cephalometric evaluation.
AB  - This paper describes a method of cephalometric analysis which is currently used
      by the author in the evaluation and treatment planning of orthodontic and
      orthognathic surgery patients. In the analysis of a single film, the positions of
      the maxilla and mandible are related to cranial structures and to each other.
      Criteria for evaluation of the anteroposterior and vertical positions of the
      upper and lower incisors are provided, as is the documentation of the standards
      for each of the measures. In addition, the analysis of serial films is considered
      and a step-by-step outline of the cephalometric procedure is presented.

PMID- 6594935
TI  - Treatment of children with ectopic eruption of the maxillary first permanent
      molar by cervical traction.
AB  - The sequelae of extraction of the second deciduous molar due to irreversible
      ectopic eruption of the maxillary first permanent molar are mesial tipping of the
      permanent molar and subsequent space loss. The purpose of this study was to
      evaluate the effects of early treatment with the Kloehn type of cervical
      headgear. Forty-six children with ectopic eruption were treated. The mean age at
      the start of treatment was 8.3 years (range, 6.5 to 9.9 years) and the mean
      treatment time was 0.8 year (range, 0.5 to 1.0 year). Nineteen variables from
      orthopantomograms, lateral head films, and dental casts were analyzed by one-way
      analysis of variance. The registrations were made at the start of treatment, at
      the end of treatment, and 1 year posttreatment. The treatment resulted in distal
      tipping of the first permanent molar to a good occlusion in all children. The s-n
      ss angle decreased during treatment in all children, and a mean proclination of
      the maxillary incisors of 3 degrees was registered. Proclination was independent
      of the type of occlusion and was unchanged 1 year posttreatment. The ss-n-sm
      angle was also reduced during treatment and was unchanged 1 year posttreatment.
      The most favorable time for treatment seems to be when the second premolar is
      close to eruption or erupting at the end of the treatment period. Because of the
      risk of inhibited sagittal growth of the maxilla with this type of treatment,
      careful cephalometric evaluation is considered important before the start of
      treatment.

PMID- 6594934
TI  - The quadrilateral analysis: a differential diagnosis for surgical orthodontics.
AB  - The integration of the diagnostic and treatment skills of both the orthodontist
      and the maxillofacial surgeon has become a standard procedure in the treatment of
      severe dentofacial dysplasias. Orthognathic surgery, surgery without prior tooth
      movement, is being replaced by an interdisciplinary approach as the treatment of
      choice. When a proper tooth-to-denture-base relationship is obtained, an ideal
      maxillomandibular relationship can be achieved surgically. The quadrilateral
      analysis enables the practitioner to obtain an individualized skeletal, dental,
      and soft-tissue assessment of each patient requiring treatment. It determines the
      direction and extent of the skeletal dysplasia in millimeter measurements and
      allows the clinician to outline the appropriate surgical orthodontic procedures.
      The quadrilateral analysis indicates that in a balanced facial pattern a 1:1
      ratio exists between the maxillary bony base length (Max.Lth.) and the mandibular
      bony base length (Mand.Lth.); also that the average of the anterior lower facial
      height (ALFH) and the posterior lower facial height (PLFH) equals these bony base
      lengths. Simply stated, the Max.Lth. = Mand.Lth. = (formula; see text) An
      accurate diagnosis locates the area and quantifies the magnitude of skeletal
      dysplasia. Then the correct placement of a dentition within the denture bases and
      the appropriate surgery in the area of dysplasia can produce an individualized,
      balanced facial pattern.

PMID- 6594936
TI  - Mandibular incisor dimensions and crowding.
AB  - Previous authors have suggested that well-aligned mandibular incisors are
      narrower mesiodistally than incisors which crowd and that reducing mesiodistal
      dimensions of the mandibular incisors to fit a specific size range will prevent
      future malalignment. This study examined 164 cases from the records of the
      University of Washington Department of Orthodontics, 134 of which had been
      orthodontically treated and were a minimum of 10 years postretention.
      Measurements were made from the postretention plaster casts and from serial
      cephalometric head films. Statistical tests showed that there was a weak
      association between incisor widths or MD/FL dimensions ratio and irregular
      alignment over the long term. Mean dimensional differences between crowded and
      uncrowded incisors were small in the few pooled or segregated groups in which
      statistically significant differences were found. When incisor dimensions were
      combined with pretreatment, posttreatment, or long-term cephalometric and cast
      measurements, only weak and not clinically useful associations were found with
      long-term incisor alignment. While there was a weak tendency for narrower
      incisors to be associated with better alignment in some instances, narrower
      mesiodistal widths of mandibular incisors did not ensure long-term stability in
      orthodontically treated cases.

PMID- 6594937
TI  - A new oral hygiene strategy.
AB  - This study was designed to see if toothbrush pressure could be considered a
      significant factor in the reduction of plaque among a group of orthodontic
      patients. Eleven orthodontic patients who had been identified previously as
      having chronic poor oral hygiene and the ability to tolerate only small
      toothbrush pressures (an average of 3 oz) were selected to participate in this
      study. At the beginning of the study, each of the patients was supplied with a
      specialized toothbrush feedback mechanism that was to be used in the routine home
      care. The feedback mechanism permitted the patients to gradually increase their
      tolerance to toothbrush pressure by moving from a target pressure of 2 oz to a
      target pressure of 16 oz over a period of several weeks. When the target pressure
      was reached, a light on the end of the brush mechanism came on, thus alerting the
      patient that the target had been reached. Only one of the eleven patients failed
      to improve her plaque score. There was, on the average, a 47% reduction in plaque
      scores. The statistical evidence indicates that the improved plaque scores were
      directly related to the higher toothbrush pressures. The present study was
      undertaken as an extension of a previous study that indicated good orthodontic
      toothbrushers used four and one half times more pressure than did chronically
      poor toothbrushers. This study suggests that poor toothbrushers can improve their
      oral hygiene significantly by increasing the pressure with which they brush.

PMID- 6594938
TI  - Occupational health hazards in the orthodontic office.

PMID- 6594939
TI  - The mylohyoid bridge in four population samples from India, with observations on
      its suitability as a genetic marker.
AB  - Four adult skeletal samples from the states of Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and
      Bihar in India have been studied for the incidence of mylohyoid bridge. The
      incidence, varying between 2.98% and 7.14%, has been compared with frequencies
      reported for other populations of the world. The range of variation for Indians,
      as a whole, falls within the lower levels of the spectrum of worldwide variation
      for this trait, ranging between 0.47% for French Europeans and 33.8% observed
      among Plains American Indians. While noting its possible significance for
      clinical purposes, the suitability of the mylohyoid bridge as a population
      genetic marker has been discussed. It is emphasized that its use as a genetic
      marker in isolation of other discrete traits has serious limitations. For
      meaningful population definition and relationships as many discrete variants as
      possible ought to be utilized.

PMID- 6594940
TI  - Are anorexic and bulimic patients depressed?
AB  - The presence of depression was assessed in 82 female outpatients with anorexia
      nervosa and bulimia by means of a structured interview. The Research Diagnostic
      Criteria for major depressive disorder were met by 55.6% of the anorexic patients
      and 23.6% of the bulimic patients. On the Extracted Hamilton Depression Rating
      Scale, 40.7% of the patients with anorexia and 23.6% of those with bulimia had
      scores in the moderately or severely depressed range.

PMID- 6594941
TI  - Mental health needs associated with Tourette syndrome.
AB  - Tourette Syndrome (TS) is an uncommon developmental disability characterized by
      repetitive and involuntary verbal and motor tics. A survey of all known
      affiliates of the Tourette Syndrome Association of Ohio was conducted. A total of
      431 questionnaires was returned, and behavioral problems were found to be
      pervasive in Tourette people. Some 53.1 per cent of the sample had sought some
      form of counseling for these problems, but this counseling was generally not
      perceived as being very helpful. Medication was not reported to ameliorate
      behavioral problems. When compared to a normal population sample, self-ratings of
      mental health status were low among Tourette persons. Problems experienced by TS
      persons were aggregated into a Behavioral Problem Scale, which successfully
      discriminated between levels of need in TS persons.

PMID- 6594942
TI  - [Criteria for the arrangement of the teeth and the shape of the posterior
      residual ridges using Moire topography].

PMID- 6594943
TI  - [Introduction of a newly designed instrument to measure the inclination of the
      occlusal facets].

PMID- 6594944
TI  - [Measurement errors of tooth size on dental casts--interobserver errors].

PMID- 6594945
TI  - [Trials in the quantitative determination of muscular tissues using an automatic
      image analyser system].

PMID- 6594946
TI  - [Adaptational properties of full-cast crowns of non-precious alloys].

PMID- 6594947
TI  - [The treatment of bruxism using the Myomonitor and bite guard].

PMID- 6594948
TI  - [A treated case of deep bite with severe space discrepancy and five impacted
      teeth].

PMID- 6594949
TI  - [Metastatic adenocarcinoma to the mouth: report of two cases].

PMID- 6594950
TI  - [Schwannoma of the buccal mucosa. Report of a case].

PMID- 6594951
TI  - [A report of 3 cases of maxillary canine alignment into the bilaterally missing
      lateral incisor space].

PMID- 6594952
TI  - Simple modification of the Lack system for use with Manley ventilators.

PMID- 6594953
TI  - A comparison of rat and hamster preovulatory follicles: an examination of
      differences in morphology and enzyme activity using qualitative and quantitative
      analyses.
AB  - The structure and enzymatic content of rat and hamster preovulatory follicles
      were examined using morphologic, qualitative, and quantitative cytochemical
      techniques. Interfollicular structure in both types was similar but lipid droplet
      distribution differed. The rat theca contained many more droplets than the
      hamster, while the hamster membrana granulosa contained more droplets than the
      rat. delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta OHD) activity and
      glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) Types IH and IIH generation were
      measured using quantitative cytochemistry. Rat theca and granulosa contained more
      3 beta OHD activity than found in comparable regions in hamster. G-6-PD Type IH
      and Type IIH generation were the same in comparable regions of rat and hamster,
      but in rat there was more Type IIH than IH, while the converse existed in
      hamster. These differences and their relationship to follicular steroid
      production are discussed.

PMID- 6594954
TI  - Radiologic techniques used to evaluate the temporomandibular joint; I.
      Conventional methods.
AB  - Symptoms of temporomandibular joint pathology are present in a relatively high
      proportion of the population. Conventional radiographic techniques used to
      evaluate the morphology of the joint provide data which may be difficult to
      interpret. These techniques are reviewed briefly and their interpretational
      shortcomings are noted. Computed tomography is currently being used by some
      clinicians to evaluate the joint. This technique may also yield data which are
      difficult to interpret. Extended processing of CT data to provide three
      dimensional images of the joint enhances the technique as a means of diagnosing
      hard tissue pathology, but despite reports in the literature detailing its use in
      diagnosing soft tissue pathology, CT is not optimal for this purpose. The
      introduction of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging provides a means of examining
      the soft tissues of the joint in either two- or three-dimensional images and has
      the advantage over all previous techniques in that the patient is not subjected
      to ionizing radiation during the scan process.

PMID- 6594955
TI  - Hemodynamic changes during isoflurane anesthesia.
AB  - Isoflurane is known to produce slight tachycardia in humans. This study examined
      the effects of isoflurane on cardiovascular parameters in dogs. Four groups, with
      six dogs per group, were anesthetized with isoflurane. Prior to isoflurane
      administration, a femoral artery catheter was inserted. Group 1 was anesthetized
      with isoflurane alone. Group 2 was pretreated with fentanyl prior to
      administration of isoflurane. Group 3, anesthetized with isoflurane alone, had a
      Swan-Ganz catheter introduced through the external jugular vein. Group 4 was pre
      treated with fentanyl prior to administration of isoflurane, and had a Swan-Ganz
      catheter. Physiologic parameters were recorded at 15-min intervals as isoflurane
      was reduced from 3.5% to 1.5% by 0.5% increments. Heart rate increased while
      blood pressure decreased during induction (8.5 min) in Group 1 and then returned
      to control values. In Group 2, heart rate declined with no changes in blood
      pressure over all isoflurane concentrations. The induction time (time from
      initiation of the anesthetic until intubation was achieved) was 2 min. In Group
      3, the heart rate increased and the blood pressure decreased, with an induction
      time of 10 min. Cardiac output and pulmonary artery pressure varied inversely to
      the isoflurane concentration. In Group 4, heart rate decreased with a minimal
      decrease in blood pressure, and an induction time of 3.5 min. Cardiac output and
      pulmonary artery pressure varied inversely to the isoflurane concentration. A
      fifth group of 6 dogs was monitored for heart rate only, while a mask was placed
      over their noses to simulate the procedure for the administration of an
      anesthetic. The heart rate increased similar to that of the dogs in Groups 1 and
      3, but the tachycardia was abolished with the administration of fentanyl.
      Increased heart rate could not be directly attributed to isoflurane but was
      probably due to catecholamines released during induction. Fentanyl blocked this
      effect, resulting in a decrease in heart rate.

PMID- 6594957
TI  - Anesthesiology in dentistry: a personal view.

PMID- 6594956
TI  - A major psychotomimetic complication of multidrug intravenous sedation.

PMID- 6594958
TI  - Spatial position of mandibular third molars in monozygotic twins.
AB  - Measurement of anterior and medial inclinations of third molars from 10 to 18
      years of age in monozygotic twins finds a consistent pattern of uprighting, with
      high correlations within twin pairs indicative of strong genetic influence.

PMID- 6594959
TI  - Infraocclusion of primary molars with aplasia of the permanent successor. A
      longitudinal study.
AB  - Infraocclusion of deciduous molars that also lack a permanent successor is found
      to progress more than where a successor is present, while exfoliation is severely
      retarded. The aplasia is the most important factor in treatment planning and
      timing.

PMID- 6594960
TI  - Effects of premature loss of deciduous molars.
AB  - A statistical exploration of space changes following early loss of deciduous
      molars, developing a picture of closure from both directions with district
      differences between upper and lower arch changes.

PMID- 6594961
TI  - Distortion and other errors in oblique cephalometric radiography.
AB  - An evaluation of image distortion and serial variation in oblique cephalometric
      radiography. Reduction of inaccuracies from these sources is best achieved by
      aligning images of the inferior border of the mandible directly underlying the
      structures under study.

PMID- 6594962
TI  - [Clinical and occult testicular relapses in children with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia. Treated with the D.74 and pethema 7/78 protocols].
AB  - The incidence of testicular infiltrates in 68 boys with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia in first remission (1974-81), was prospectively investigated through
      careful clinical exams and routine bilateral biopsies at 2-3 years of remission.
      All boys were under 14 years of age and they were treated with protocols D.74 and
      pethema 7/78. Seven patients (10.3%) presented an isolated testicular relapse
      (ITR) during the chemotherapy period. In 13 out of the 43 testicular biopsies
      (31%) leukemic infiltrates were found and in other 2 findings were controversial.
      Three boys, two of them whose previous biopsy was negative, had an ITR, 6 to 18
      months after stopping therapy. Finally, other 3 had simultaneous relapses in
      testes and bone-marrow: one during chemotherapy and two after suppression. In
      total, 23 patients (33.8%) in first remission had overt or occult ITR. Overall
      incidence of testes leukemia, is calculated to be 40% in all the group. Incidence
      of early and occult ITR was higher in boys with initial WBC counts over 20 X 10
      9/l. Therapy in ITR generally consisted in local radiotherapy (20-25 Gy), a new
      induction treatment followed by 2 year maintenance treatment; in 3 patients with
      early ITR, orchidectomy was also performed and six were given a new preventive
      SNC treatment. Clinical course in the 7 patients with early ITR was unfavourable
      in 5 with subsequent hematological relapses and death; one had a long-term
      disease-free survival (78 + months) and the other was a recent case. 10 out of
      the 13 patients with occult infiltrates followed in remission and four were of
      treatment with a follow-up over 64 months. The 3 patients with late ITR were in
      second remission at 8-14 months after a new cessation of therapy. It may be
      concluded from this study that prognosis in ITR is related to the phase of
      presentation: It is unfavourable in cases of early ITR but in cases of occult
      infiltrates detected by routine biopsies and in late ITR the combined therapy is
      effective in most cases.

PMID- 6594963
TI  - [Immunologic and enzymatic markers of acute infantile lymphoblastic leukemias].
AB  - Twenty-one childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemias were characterized
      immunologically by a series of classic markers--EAET rosette and surface and
      cytoplasm immunoglobulins--, a panel of 14 monoclonal antibodies --OKla 1, OKT3,
      4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, cALLA, Leu-1, FMC-7, FMC-8 and 3A-1--and by assessment of
      terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase enzyme. Patients were distributed in five
      immunological subgroups: 1) Unclassifiable/null ALL (la +, TdT+, cALLA-), one
      patient, 2) common ALL (la+, TdT+, cALLA+) 15 patients, 3) pre-B ALL (la+, TdT+,
      cALLA+, clg+) one patient, 4) B-LL (la+, TdT-, cALLA-, slg+) 3 patients, 5) T-ALL
      (TdT+, EAET+, la-, cALLA-), one patient, and the clinical, biological,
      morphological and cytochemical peculiarities characterizing each immunological
      variant are discussed.

PMID- 6594964
TI  - Megakaryopoiesis in chronic myeloproliferative diseases. A morphometric
      evaluation with special emphasis on primary thrombocythemia.
AB  - Morphometry was employed on different entities of chronic myeloproliferative
      diseases (CMPD) and reactive lesions in addition to normal control specimens. The
      entities studied included: (1) inflammatory reactions of the bone marrow (so
      called myelitis in chronic rheumatoid arthritis), (2) chronic granulocytic
      leukemia (CGL), (3) agnogenic myeloid metaplasia in an early hypercellular stage
      (so-called chronic megakaryocytic-granulocytic myelosis, CMGM), (4) agnogenic
      myeloid metaplasia in an advanced fibrosclerotic stage or
      osteomyelofibrosis/sclerosis (MF/OMS), (5) polycythemia vera (P. vera), (6)
      reactive thrombocytosis (TH, as a sequel of miscellaneous conditions) and (7)
      primary (idiopathic, essential) thrombocythemia (PTH). Evaluation was done on
      plastic-embedded semithin sections with a constant thickness of 3 micron in
      approximately 20 cases of each group of CMPD. The following parameters were
      determined: (1) density distributions of the megakaryocyte and non-megakaryocyte
      compartments, (2) arrangement of megakaryopoiesis in the bone marrow space (i.e.,
      inhomogeneity or clustering) and (3) the fine structure of megakaryocytes in PTH,
      with a quantitative analysis of the nuclear morphology by circular deviation and
      contour factors. The megakaryocyte morphology was closely related to a
      facultative or obligatory increase of the platelet count in these various
      entities of CMPD and was separable into two major categories: (1) controls, CGL
      and myelitis versus (2) CMGM, MF/OMS, P. vera, TH and PTH. These two categories
      were distinguishable by the prominence of megakaryopoiesis in the bone marrow as
      well as the elevated platelet counts in the periphery. Moreover, in comparison
      with CMGM and MF/OMS, PTH was characterized by an apparently normal maturation
      and a conspicuous polyploidization of megakaryocytes according to the nuclear
      morphology, which was similar to that of P. vera. Our results suggest that PTH
      presents a monolinear growth of the megakaryopoiesis in the same way as CGL
      exhibits a monolinear proliferation of the neutrophilic granulopoiesis. This is
      in contrast to the mixed cellularity of both the megakaryocyte and granulocyte
      lineage in CMGM and MF/OMS.

PMID- 6594965
TI  - In vitro antagonism between N-formimidoyl thienamycin and aztreonam, ticarcillin
      and ticarcillin/clavulanic acid.
AB  - One-hundred eighty-seven bacterial strains were tested by the two-disk-agar
      diffusion method for the interaction between N-formimidoyl thienamycin and
      aztreonam, ticarcillin and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid. An antagonism between N
      formimidoyl thienamycin and the other 3 beta-lactams was noted in half of the
      evaluable tests, especially against Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli and Morganella.

PMID- 6594966
TI  - Computer culture. The scientific, intellectual and social impact of the computer.

PMID- 6594967
TI  - The formation of three-dimensional biological structures. Computer uses and
      future needs.

PMID- 6594968
TI  - Selective networks and recognition automata.
AB  - The results we have presented demonstrate that a network based on a selective
      principle can function in the absence of forced learning or an a priori program
      to give recognition, classification, generalization, and association. While
      Darwin II is not a model of any actual nervous system, it does set out to solve
      one of the same problems that evolution had to solve--the need to form categories
      in a bottom-up manner from information in the environment, without incorporating
      the assumptions of any particular observer. The key features of the model that
      make this possible are (1) Darwin II incorporates selective networks whose
      initial specificities enable them to respond without instruction to unfamiliar
      stimuli; (2) degeneracy provides multiple possibilities of response to any one
      stimulus, at the same time providing functional redundancy against component
      failure; (3) the output of Darwin II is a pattern of response, making use of the
      simultaneous responses of multiple degenerate groups to avoid the need for very
      high specificity and the combinatorial disaster that would imply; (4) reentry
      within individual networks vitiates the limitations described by Minsky and
      Papert for a class of perceptual automata lacking such connections; and (5)
      reentry between intercommunicating networks with different functions gives rise
      to new functions, such as association, that either one alone could not display.
      The two kinds of network are roughly analogous to the two kinds of category
      formation that people use: Darwin, corresponding to the exemplar description of
      categories, and Wallace, corresponding to the probabilistic matching description
      of categories. These principles lead to a new class of pattern-recognizing
      machine of which Darwin II is just an example. There are a number of obvious
      extensions to this work that we are pursuing. These include giving Darwin II the
      capability to deal with stimuli that are in motion, an ability that probably
      precedes the ability of biological organisms to deal with stationary stimuli,
      giving it the capability to deal with multiple stimulus objects through some form
      of attentional mechanism, and giving it a means to respond directly and to
      receive feedback from the world so that it can learn conventionally. Already,
      however, we have shown that a working pattern-recognition automaton can be built
      based on a selective principle. This development promises ultimately to show us
      how to build recognizing machines without programs and to provide a sound basis
      for the study of both natural and artificial intelligence.

PMID- 6594969
TI  - [Oxidation of anthracycline antibiotics].
AB  - The quantum-chemical estimation of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy
      for the aglycons of carminomycin, rubomycin, adriamycin and aclacinomycin A in
      the neutral and ionized states was performed with a semiempirical method. It was
      shown that the aglycon ionization amplified the electron donor properties of the
      antibiotics. On the basis of the difference in the absorption spectra of the
      neutral and ionized chromophores their ionization constants were determined
      spectrophotometrically. For comparison of the electron donor properties of the
      anthracyclines at the physiological pH value the reaction of their oxidation with
      potassium ferricyanide accompanied by decoloration of the solutions was studied.
      On the basis of the quantum-chemical and experimental data it was concluded that
      the electron donor properties amplified as follows: aclacinomycin A less than
      adriamycin-rubomycin less than carminomycin. At the same time their acute
      toxicity increased (a decrease in the LD50). Therefore, the toxicity of the
      anthracycline antibiotics could be also due to formation of the radicals with
      high reactivity on the monoelectronic oxidation.

PMID- 6594970
TI  - Penetration of pefloxacin into cerebrospinal fluid of patients with meningitis.
AB  - We evaluated the diffusion of pefloxacin into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 15
      patients with bacterial meningitis or ventriculitis, 14 of whom were treated with
      other antibiotics. Three doses of pefloxacin were administered at 12-h intervals
      to 11 patients intravenously and to 4 patients orally. Individual doses were 7.5
      mg/kg in seven patients and 15 mg/kg in eight patients. Plasma and CSF levels
      were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatographic assay. The
      concentrations of pefloxacin in CSF were measured 2 h after the third intravenous
      dose and 4 h after the third oral dose. In patients receiving 7.5 mg/kg, peak
      levels in plasma ranged from 6.8 to 16 micrograms/ml, and trough levels were from
      2 to 7.5 micrograms/ml. Concentrations in CSF ranged from 2.4 to 9 micrograms/ml.
      In patients receiving 15 mg/kg, peak levels in plasma ranged from 14 to 18.6
      micrograms/ml, and trough levels were from 4 to 13.2 micrograms/ml.
      Concentrations in CSF ranged from 6.5 to 13 micrograms/ml. These preliminary data
      indicate that pefloxacin diffuses well into the CSF of patients with inflamed
      meninges.

PMID- 6594971
TI  - Transplantation of embryonic rat spinal cord of neocortex into the intact or
      lesioned adult spinal cord.

PMID- 6594972
TI  - [Intravesical chemotherapy with 4'-Epi-Adriamycin in patients with superficial
      bladder tumors].
AB  - Intravesical instillation of anticancer agents is one of the most effective
      methods for treating superficial bladder cancer. We evaluated the effects of
      including 4'-Epi-Adriamycin, a derivative of Adriamycin, in intravesical
      instillation chemotherapy. Thirty-five patients with superficial bladder tumors
      were treated with 4'-Epi-Adriamycin. The patients received 2 courses of 3
      consecutive daily instillations of 50-80 mg 4'-Epi-Adriamycin dissolved in 30 ml
      of physiological saline, with an interval of 4 days. Of the 33 cases which could
      be fully evaluated, complete regression was observed in 4 cases and partial
      regression (greater than 50%) in 14 cases, showing an effectiveness rate of 55%.
      Side effects such as pollakisuria and miction pain occurred in 9 cases. The rate
      of effectiveness of this treatment was approximately equivalent to the results
      that we reported using Adriamycin and the occurrence and degree of side effects
      were lower.

PMID- 6594973
TI  - [Treatment of hematological malignancies with recombinant leukocyte A interferon
      (rIFN-alpha A)].
AB  - Twenty-three cases of hematological malignancies (18 plasma cell neoplasm, 2
      leukemia and 2 malignant lymphoma) were treated with recombinant human leukocyte
      interferon (rIFN-alpha A). Among plasma cell neoplasms, excellent and good
      responses were obtained in 1 case of IgG myeloma and 1 case of Bence-Jones
      myeloma respectively and fair response was obtained in 5 other cases. Response
      rats was 11.4%, or 38.9% if fair response was included. Partial remission was
      obtained in 1 case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In one of 2 cases of acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia, marked reduction of peripheral leukemia cells was noted.
      Side effects included fever (65%), malaise (20%), nausea-anorexia (43%),
      leukopenia (52%) and thrombocytopenia (52%). However, all were not serious and
      disappeared quickly after discontinuation of rIFN-alpha A.

PMID- 6594974
TI  - [Antitumor activity of a new nitrosourea, MCNU, on a cellular morphological basis
      evaluated by a new in vitro antitumor sensitivity assay].
AB  - Using our new in vitro antitumor sensitivity assay, the basis of which depends on
      predictive analysis of morphological findings of L1210 leukemia cells under the
      influence of antitumor agents, 5 kinds of nitrosoureas including MCNU were
      comparatively tested for antitumor activity. A cell killing effect became
      apparent very soon under BCNU and CCNU, rather late under Methyl-CCNU and MCNU,
      and intermediately under ACNU. Various cellular biological effects were
      apparently induced in L1210 cells by MCNU and its mechanism of action seemed to
      be broader than that of any other members of the nitrosoureas.

PMID- 6594975
TI  - [Clinical efficacy of a quadruple combination chemotherapy with ACNU, adriamycin,
      methotrexate, and prednisolone for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, who were
      refractory to VEPA (P) treatment].
AB  - A quadruple combination chemotherapy with ACNU, adriamycin, methotrexate and
      prednisolone (AAAP), was performed on 9 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, who
      had been previously treated with a VEPA (P) regimen. Complete remission rate was
      44% (4/9) and, in four other patients, the tumor was decreased in size. Complete
      remission duration was from 30 days to over 390 days. Median survival time was
      105 days. Myelosuppressive toxicity was severe. In eight patients, WBC counts
      were less than 3,000/mm3. In six patients, platelet counts were less than
      100,000/mm3. An AAAP regimen is useful in relapse or for resistant forms of non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma.

PMID- 6594976
TI  - [Prolonged remission in a patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) by
      methyl 6-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU)].
AB  - A 44-year-old woman with Ph1-positive CML achieved a complete remission following
      small doses of MCNU. She is still in remission after more than 18 months without
      maintenance therapy. Chromosomal analyses revealed Ph1 chromosomes in 100% of
      cells before the therapy, and a mosaic of Ph1-positive cells (74%) and negative
      cells (26%) after the therapy. Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase scores were low
      before the therapy and became normal after the therapy. MCNU seems to be an
      effective drug for treating CML producing prolonged remission with reappearance
      of Ph1-negative normal clones in the present case.

PMID- 6594977
TI  - [New anthracycline antibiotics and derivatives].
AB  - Studies of anthracycline antibiotics which have been carried out for the purpose
      of finding compounds useful in the treatment of cancer are described. Synthetic
      development of derivatives and analogs which have stronger activities and lower
      characteristic toxicities than parent antitumor antibiotics such as daunomycin,
      adriamycin, etc., have been illustrated namely: (1) syntheses of 4'-O-derivatives
      such as 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyl-adriamycin; (2) syntheses of N-alkyl derivatives
      such as 3'-deamino-3'-morpholino-adriamycin; and (3) syntheses of 11-deoxy
      adriamycin. Notably, 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyl-adriamycin having a (2" R)
      configuration has been confirmed to have stronger activity and lower toxicity
      than adriamycin by Phase II study. New, naturally occurring anthracycline
      antibiotics (decilorubicin, arugomycin, ditrisarubicin, etc.) have also been
      reviewed.

PMID- 6594978
TI  - [CA 125 (cancer antigen 125), a new tumor associated antigen recognized by
      monoclonal antibody].
AB  - Concentrations in sera of a new antigen CA 125 related to ovarian carcinoma were
      measured by radioimmunoassay employing a monoclonal antibody, and its usefulness
      as a tumor marker in the diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma was discussed. False
      positive rate in sera of healthy controls (30 females) was 6.7% when the cut-off
      value was set at 35 U/ml and none of them showed any reaction over 65 U/ml. The
      mean value of CA 125 levels in sera from healthy controls was 23.5 +/- 8.7 U/ml.
      Positive rates for CA 125 in sera from various patients were 77.8% for ovarian
      carcinoma (14 of 18 cases), 18.2% for cervical carcinoma (2 of 11 cases), 62.5%
      for endometrial carcinoma (5 of 8 cases), 25.0% for myoma uteri (2 of 8 cases),
      and 7.7% for benign ovarian tumor (1 of 13 cases) when the cut-off value was set
      at 35 U/ml. Notably, there was a positive rate of 100% (9 of 9 cases) for serous
      cystadenocarcinoma. From the above, it was shown that the CA 125 radioimmunoassay
      (RIA) could detect ovarian carcinoma at an early stage and gave information
      concerning the histological class of carcinoma. Moreover, the CA 125 level in
      sera reflected clinical progress very well, and it was also suggested that the
      measurement of CA 125 level in sera reflected clinical progress very well, and it
      was also suggested that the measurement of CA 125 levels in sera was useful for
      the monitoring of ovarian carcinoma.

PMID- 6594979
TI  - [Effects of domperidone suppository against adverse reactions in digestive organs
      induced by cancer chemotherapy].
AB  - We examined the effects of domperidone suppository against adverse reactions in
      digestive organs to antitumor agents. Suppositories containing 60 mg of
      domperidone were given to 15 patients who were suffering from vomiting and nausea
      occurring with the use of antitumor agents, and the changes in each digestive
      symptom were evaluated overall. As a result, 13 patients out of 15 (86.7%) showed
      improvement of symptoms. There were no adverse reactions to domperidone
      suppositories.

PMID- 6594981
TI  - [Limb salvage procedure for osteosarcoma].

PMID- 6594980
TI  - [Therapeutic results of 43 cases of adult acute lymphocytic leukemia].
AB  - Between July, 1976 and June, 1984, 43 adults with acute lymphocytic leukemia were
      treated with a V(V') P [vincristine (vindesine), prednisolone] followed by
      DV(V')MP [daunomycin, vincristine (vindesine), 6-mercaptopurine, prednisolone]
      and V(V')AP [vincristine (vindesine), 1-asparaginase, prednisolone] regimen. They
      were all previously untreated and aged 15 and over. Complete remission (CR) was
      attained in 41.9% of cases by V(V')P alone, the CR rate being increased up to
      62.8% by the sequential administration of DV(V')MP, and to 74.4% by the further
      administration of V(V')AP. The median duration of CR was 5.6 months; it was 10.9
      months for patients with the maintenance therapy and 1.3 months for patients
      without it. For patients who achieved CR, the median survival time (MST) was 21.3
      months compared to 2.7 months for those who failed to achieve CR. As for the
      maintenance therapy, MST was 22.3 months for patients who received it, and 9.5
      months for patients who did not. Factors associated with significantly lower rate
      of CR were: lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly. The CR rate was
      somewhat lower for patients aged over 20 and with hyperleukocytosis (above
      40,000/cmm). Shorter remissions tended to be associated with ages over 20 and
      with hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly. Patients who obtained CR by the sequential
      administration of the V(V')AP regimen showed somewhat shorter CR duration
      compared with to those who obtained CR by V(V')P alone and by the sequential
      administration of DV(V')MP. Survival was significantly shorter for patients who
      failed to achieve CR, with B-ALL and with hyperleukocytosis. Shorter survival was
      also observed among patients with ages above 60 compared to those with ages below
      20.

PMID- 6594982
TI  - [Prostaglandin E2 binding by gastric mucosa cells in the rat].
AB  - After incubation of gastric pieces with [3H] prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) the label is
      accumulating predominantly over the cells situating in the middle third of the
      gastric glands proper, where mucus-secreting cells are mainly situated. As
      demonstrate biochemical experiments, [3H] PGE2 combines 5.5 times as intensively
      with the isolated cells fraction, which consists mainly of mucocytes but not of
      parietal cells. A suggestion is made that prostaglandin E2 contributes to
      biosynthesis and mucus secretion in the stomach when it immediately combines with
      mucocytes.

PMID- 6594983
TI  - A malignant lesion of the infratemporal fossa causing mandibular displacement.
      Case report.

PMID- 6594984
TI  - Pyogenic dental infections--a retrospective analysis.

PMID- 6594985
TI  - Guiding the developing mixed dentition.

PMID- 6594986
TI  - Epidemiological aspects of teratogenesis--a review.

PMID- 6594987
TI  - Gamma 2 phase in conventional dental amalgams--discrete clumps or continuous
      network? A review.

PMID- 6594988
TI  - The employment of dental auxiliary personnel in private practice: a survey
      report.

PMID- 6594989
TI  - Intra-coronal resorption of unerupted molars.

PMID- 6594990
TI  - Oral health status of homeless men in Brisbane.

PMID- 6594991
TI  - Career choice, plans and expectations of male and female students in dental
      science.

PMID- 6594992
TI  - Fluoride and bone. An unusual hypothesis.

PMID- 6594993
TI  - Bulimia nervosa: a descriptive and therapeutic study.

PMID- 6594994
TI  - [Results of the therapy of acute leukemia during 10 years (1972-1982)].
AB  - The group of 31 patients with acute leukemia was analysed: 24 ALL and 5 ANLL. The
      complete remission was achieved in 84% of children. Mortality in induction was
      high and reached 16%. All recidives occurred with in 24 months from the
      diagnosis. 15% of patients achieve complete continuous remission (CCR) lasting 2
      and more years, the result beeing better in patients treated with more intensive
      regimen. 53% patients will ALL achieved CCR for 5 and more years. In a small
      group of patients with ANLL the rate of CR is 60%. Only one girl, with a M 3 form
      lives more than 20 months.

PMID- 6594995
TI  - [Preleukemia].
AB  - Case reports dealing with preleukemic syndromes are rare. During the last years
      preleukemia has been ill defined. Nowadays, most authors agree that a marrow stem
      disorder with clinically recognisable haematological abnormalities, which proceed
      the development of overt leukemia, is to be regarded as preleukemia syndrome.
      Clinical and haematological features are different in preleukemic syndromes
      terminating with acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia
      (ANLL). We describe two cases of preleukemia--the first evolving into ALL and the
      second into ANLL. Our first patient had developed pancytopenia and hypocellular
      bone marrow five months before overt ALL. In the moment the diagnosis was made
      clinical examination revealed enlarged lymph glands, liver and spleen. Laboratory
      tests showed pancytopenia and bone marrow infiltrated with blasts L1 morphology
      (F. A. B. classification). Preleukemic phase terminating with ANLL featured
      pancytopenia and hypercellular bone marrow infiltrated with histiocytes, some
      showing signs of erythrocyte-, leukocyte- and platelet-ingestion. Diagnosis of
      acute monoblastic leukemia M5 (F. A. B.) was made three months after the illness
      onset, according to bone marrow infiltration with monoblasts. Clinical and
      haematological features helpful in the recognition of preleukemic syndromes are
      discussed.

PMID- 6594996
TI  - Calcium-ion and calmodulin-dependent kappa-casein kinase in rat mammary acini.
AB  - A Ca2+- and calmodulin-dependent casein kinase specific for dephosphorylated
      bovine kappa-casein was identified in a microsomal fraction of mammary acini
      prepared from rats in late lactation. This phosphorylation has an absolute
      requirement for Mg2+ for either the basal or the Ca2+- and calmodulin-dependent
      activity. One-half of the maximal stimulation is achieved at a calmodulin
      concentration of 204nM in the presence of Ca2+. The Ca2+- and calmodulin
      dependent kinase activity (but not the basal activity) is inhibited by
      trifluoperazine. The casein kinase is associated with a microsomal fraction
      enriched in markers for plasma membrane and Golgi (5'-nucleotidase and
      galactosyltransferase respectively). The activity of this casein kinase remains
      relatively constant throughout lactation, but declines dramatically in 24h when
      rats are removed from their pups. This activity may represent the physiological
      activity responsible in part or whole for kappa-casein phosphorylation occurring
      before micelle formation and milk secretion.

PMID- 6594997
TI  - Turnover of succinyl-CoA:3-oxoacid CoA-transferase in glioma and neuroblastoma
      cells. Specific influence of acetoacetate in neuroblastoma cells.
AB  - The specific activity of succinyl-CoA:3-oxo-acid CoA-transferase (3-oxoacid CoA
      transferase, EC 2.8.3.5) increases significantly during growth in culture in both
      mouse neuroblastoma N2a and rat glioma C6 cells. To investigate the mechanism(s)
      responsible for this, antibody specific for rat brain 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase
      was raised in rabbits. Immunotitrations of 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase from
      neuroblastoma and glioma cells on days 3 and 7 of growth after subculture showed
      that the ratio of 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase activity to immunoprecipitable enzyme
      protein remained constant, indicating that differences in specific activity of
      the enzyme at these times in both cell types reflect differences in concentration
      of enzyme protein. In glioma cells, the relative rate of 3-oxoacid CoA
      transferase synthesis was about 0.04-0.05% throughout 9 days in culture. In
      contrast, the relative rate of synthesis of 3-oxo-acid CoA-transferase in
      neuroblastoma cells was about 0.07-0.08% on days 3, 5 and 7 after subculture, but
      fell to 0.052% on day 9. The degradation rates of total cellular protein (t1/2 =
      28 h) and 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase (t1/2 = 46-50 h) were similar in both cell
      lines. The rise in specific activity of the enzyme in both cell lines from days 3
      to 7 without a significant increase in the relative rate of synthesis reflects a
      slow approach to steady-state conditions for the enzyme secondary to its slow
      degradation. Differences in 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase specific activity between
      the two cell lines are apparently due to a difference of about 60% in relative
      rates of enzyme synthesis. The presence of 0.5 mM-acetoacetate in the medium
      significantly increased the specific activity of 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase in
      neuroblastoma cells during the early exponential growth phase. This treatment
      increased the relative rate of synthesis of 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase by 23% (P
      less than 0.025) in these cells on day 3, suggesting that substrate-mediated
      induction of enzyme synthesis is a mechanism of regulation of 3-oxoacid CoA
      transferase.

PMID- 6594999
TI  - Identification of 6-mercaptopurine riboside in patients receiving 6
      mercaptopurine as a prolonged intravenous infusion.

PMID- 6594998
TI  - Platelet-activating factor stimulation of peptidoleukotriene release: inhibition
      by vasoactive polypeptide.
AB  - Leukotriene (LT) release stimulated by platelet activating factor was inhibited
      by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in an in vitro rat lung preparation.
      This was detected by HPLC and radioimmunoassay. LTC4, although the major species
      in the stimulatory model used, was not detected in peptide-treated preparations
      and LTD4 and LTE4 levels were considerably reduced.

PMID- 6595000
TI  - "Our elderly: Top priority".

PMID- 6595001
TI  - Posterior light-cured composites.

PMID- 6595002
TI  - "An unexpected cause of halitosis".

PMID- 6595003
TI  - Local anaesthetic formulations.

PMID- 6595004
TI  - A study of pH of dental local anaesthetic solutions.

PMID- 6595005
TI  - Investigation of a 9-year-old condylar neck fracture.

PMID- 6595006
TI  - Finishing glass-ionomer cement. A scanning electron microscope examination of the
      surface of an anhydrous glass-ionomer cement in vivo.

PMID- 6595007
TI  - Patent nasopalatine ducts.

PMID- 6595008
TI  - The effects of sugar-based medicines on the dental health of sick children.

PMID- 6595009
TI  - Sarcoidosis with oral involvement.

PMID- 6595010
TI  - Acute lateral periodontal abscess.

PMID- 6595011
TI  - An incomplete form of the popliteal pterygium syndrome?

PMID- 6595012
TI  - An alternative treatment of anterior teeth fractured beneath the gingival margin.

PMID- 6595013
TI  - The relationship between change of dentist and treatment received in the General
      Dental Service.

PMID- 6595014
TI  - The sterilisation of dental handpieces: an account of a trial.

PMID- 6595016
TI  - Abstracts: centennial symposium of the Society for the Study of Addiction. 25-26
      October 1984, London.

PMID- 6595015
TI  - Elective in Bombay and New Delhi. A look at the community health service.

PMID- 6595017
TI  - Are cigarettes getting safer?

PMID- 6595018
TI  - Conversation with Archer Tongue.

PMID- 6595019
TI  - Alcohol and brain damage.

PMID- 6595020
TI  - Relapse prevention: introduction and overview of the model.

PMID- 6595021
TI  - The moderating influence: a review of trade-sponsored alcohol education
      programmes.

PMID- 6595023
TI  - A multivariate analysis of psychological, clinical and CT scanning measures in
      detoxified chronic alcoholics.

PMID- 6595022
TI  - The relationship between coping behaviours, their effectiveness and alcoholism
      relapse and survival.

PMID- 6595024
TI  - Under-reporting of alcohol consumption in sample surveys: the effect of computer
      interviewing in fieldwork.

PMID- 6595025
TI  - Lifetime abstainers, current abstainers and imbibers: a methodological note.

PMID- 6595027
TI  - Wine production in the European Community since 1975.

PMID- 6595026
TI  - An industrial alcohol policy: the characteristics of worker success.

PMID- 6595028
TI  - A week and a day.

PMID- 6595029
TI  - Alcohol policy in a crisis situation.

PMID- 6595030
TI  - The illicit non-pharmaceutical heroin market and drug scene in Kensington Market.

PMID- 6595031
TI  - Phorbol ester tumor promoters specifically stimulate choline phospholipid
      metabolism in human leukemic cells.
AB  - Human hairy cell leukemia (HCL) cells in culture showed a marked increase in both
      [1-14C]acetate and [14C]choline incorporation into phosphatidylcholine (PC) when
      treated with a 10 nM concentration of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)
      for 3 h. Dramatic morphological changes occurred and synthesis of most
      phospholipids was stimulated. However, the most dramatic increase was seen in the
      [14C]acetate labeling of both long- and short-chain fatty acid-containing
      sphingomyelins (from 200-425% of control levels), sphingomyelin being especially
      enriched in HCL cells. Negligible incorporation of [14C]choline into
      sphingomyelin was observed and phospholipase inhibitor (U10029A) studies
      indicated that PC was the major source of sphingomyelin choline. These changes
      were most clearly seen by autoradiography of two-dimensional thin-layer
      chromatography plates. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) blasts, which did not
      respond morphologically to TPA, showed no increased phospholipid synthesis under
      the same conditions and increases in sphingomyelin synthesis were modest. Other
      non-TPA-responding leukemic cells were similarly refractive. However, one out of
      four acute monomyelocytic leukemic (AMMoL) cells studied responded
      morphologically in a manner identical to HCL cells and exhibited the same
      dramatic increase in sphingomyelin synthesis. Data are presented which suggest
      that TPA may also stimulate PC phospholipase C activity in addition to activating
      the calcium-dependent protein kinase by mimicking diacylglycerol.

PMID- 6595032
TI  - [Experimental prostaglandin E2 therapy of acute kidney failure due to the crush
      syndrome].
AB  - It has been shown for the first time that intraaortal injection of PGE2 to dogs
      with acute renal failure caused by the crush syndrome makes renal function
      (glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, renal plasmaflow, maximal tubular
      secretion, minute and diurnal diuresis) return to normal.

PMID- 6595033
TI  - [Interphase chromatin of the peripheral blood cells of patients with a chronic
      form of myeloid leukemia (Ph+)].
AB  - It was shown with labeled AO cytofluorometry using the authors' modification of
      DNP cell thermal denaturation that in untreated patients with chronic myeloid
      leukemia (CML) in the blast crisis phase, the melting profiles of peripheral
      blood cell chromatin were "unclassified", strictly individual in nature (unlike
      the identical parameter in healthy subjects) that may attest to regulatory
      disturbances of the genetic apparatus. The demonstration of the "normalization"
      of the melting profiles of chromatin in CML patients during the clinico
      hematological compensation of the disease makes it possible to suggest that
      luminescent fluorometry (in the authors' modification of DNP cell thermal
      denaturation) should be used for the treatment of hemoblastoses in order to study
      the genesis and time-course of the diseases running their course with remissions
      and as criterion of drug therapy of these diseases.

PMID- 6595034
TI  - Statement and resolution on the definition of death. The Committee on Public
      Health, the Committee on Medicine in Society, the New York Academy of Medicine.

PMID- 6595035
TI  - [Primary osteosarcoma of the kidney].

PMID- 6595036
TI  - [Relation between the clinical picture and the immune phenotype in patients with
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood].

PMID- 6595038
TI  - Expand your practice. Part four.

PMID- 6595037
TI  - Is academia going into business?

PMID- 6595039
TI  - A dentist faces Alzheimer's disease.

PMID- 6595040
TI  - Renting or buying your own office.

PMID- 6595041
TI  - Setting up an associateship.

PMID- 6595042
TI  - Good-bye Crown loans, welcome back Clifford trusts.

PMID- 6595043
TI  - What do your patients think of your practice?

PMID- 6595045
TI  - The 1984 tax bill and the dentist.

PMID- 6595044
TI  - Preventing disease transmission.

PMID- 6595046
TI  - Does the restrictive covenant work?

PMID- 6595047
TI  - Sorting out investments: selecting your own.

PMID- 6595048
TI  - Setting up an associateship. Part 2.

PMID- 6595049
TI  - Profile of the community health dental hygienist in Canada.

PMID- 6595050
TI  - The practice of dental hygiene in Quebec.

PMID- 6595051
TI  - The 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity of cultured porcine Leydig cells
      in primary culture.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that there is a spontaneous progressive increase in
      human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)-stimulated testosterone (T) production by
      immature porcine Leydig cells during primary culture for 3 days, whereas basal T
      production is unaltered. Preliminary data indicated that during this time, there
      was an increase in the activity of the 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3
      beta-HSD). The purpose of the present study was to further characterize this
      increase. 3 beta-HSD was assayed by measuring the conversion of tritiated
      dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to androstenedione in the presence of NAD+. A
      ninefold increase in activity occurred between days 1 and 2 and only twofold
      between days 2 and 3. A 5- to 20-fold increase of the apparent maximum velocity
      of the enzyme was observed after 3 days of culture while the apparent Km remained
      unchanged. Cycloheximide treatment (150 ng/mL) completely abolished this
      spontaneous increase in enzyme activity. In parallel experiments, the stimulatory
      effect of HCG on T and DHEA production was inhibited by cycloheximide treatment
      by 90% and 60%, respectively, whereas basal T production was not affected. These
      results suggest that the spontaneous increase of 3 beta-HSD activity in primary
      cultures of porcine Leydig cells is secondary to de novo protein synthesis and
      that this phenomenon may be partially responsible for the increased
      responsiveness of these cells to HCG during the culture period.

PMID- 6595052
TI  - Heterochromatic variants and their association with neoplasias. I. Chronic and
      acute leukemia.
AB  - C-banding studies of the heteromorphism of chromosomes #1, #9, and #16 were
      performed in 120 leukemic patients: 56 with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), 45
      with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 19 with acute nonlymphoblastic
      leukemia (ANLL). No differences were found among patients and controls with
      regard to sex. Our data showed a significant increase of polymorphism in
      chromosome #1 in the three neoplastic groups; the heterochromatic variant
      preferentially involved 1qh-, whereas there were no significant differences in
      heteromorphism in chromosomes #9 and #16.

PMID- 6595053
TI  - Chromosomal evidence of a common stem cell in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and
      chronic granulocytic leukemia.
AB  - A patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was found, at the time of
      diagnosis, to have an unusual Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) with a satellite
      marker. The disease evolved into the chronic phase of chronic granulocytic
      leukemia (CGL), with persistance of the marker. Two months later, the patient
      died of ALL.

PMID- 6595054
TI  - Translocation between chromosomes 1 and 19 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 6595055
TI  - Stage-related decrease in natural killer cell activity in untreated patients with
      mycosis fungoides.
AB  - Natural killer activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells against the human
      cell line K 562 was evaluated in 11 patients with mycosis fungoides and
      simultaneously in 10 age- and sex-matched controls. In the patient group, nine
      had no previous treatment and in two topical therapy had been discontinued more
      than 3 months before. None had any associated disease or concurrent therapy that
      could interfere with the immune system. Patients with early disease showed a mean
      specific lysis and a range of individual data similar to the controls whereas
      patients with advanced disease had a significant defect of natural killer
      activity at effector: target ratios of 100 : 1, 50 : 1, and 25 : 1, as shown by
      the Mann-Whitney test. Preincubation of effector cells with alpha-interferon for
      1 h in a single patient with low natural killing capacity led to a clear increase
      of the specific lysis, suggesting reduced functional activity rather than
      depletion of effector cells.

PMID- 6595056
TI  - Biochemical characterization of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human
      meningioma.
AB  - 17 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (E2-DH) activity was characterized on a
      semipurified microsomal preparation of human meningioma tissue (mean Km of 2
      microM and Vmax of 500 pmol/mg protein/10 min) and then assayed in 49 meningioma
      specimens with high progesterone receptor and low estrogen receptor levels. Of
      these 49 tumors, 36% contained an E2-DH activity greater than 1,000 pmol/mg
      protein/10 min and similar to that of uterine myometrium. In this limited series
      of tumors, no correlation between E2-DH activity and progesterone receptor levels
      was noted.

PMID- 6595057
TI  - Metabolism of steroids by human brain tumors.
AB  - Hormonal steroids or their precursors can be metabolized in the CNS to products
      with altered hormonal activity. The importance of the intracerebral
      transformation of steroids has been demonstrated, particularly with regard to
      neuroendocrine regulation and sexual behavior. These studies were carried out on
      normal brain tissues, but the ability of neoplastic tissues of CNS origin to
      metabolize steroids is unknown. We investigated the in vitro metabolism of
      tritiated pregnenolone, testosterone, and estradiol-17 beta by homogenates of
      four brain tumors defined as astrocytomas. In three tumors of cortical origin,
      removed from adult patients, the only enzymic activity found was the conversion
      of estradiol to estrone. In one tumor of cerebellar origin removed from an 11
      year-old boy, the following conversions were found: pregnenolone to progesterone,
      testosterone to either androstenedione or estradiol, and estradiol to estrone.
      These results demonstrate that human astrocytomas can transform steroids to
      compounds with modified hormonal activity. These compounds formed by the tumorous
      tissue can affect brain function, which may be of clinical significance.
      Furthermore, these results may add important parameters for biochemical
      characterization of neoplastic brain tissues.

PMID- 6595058
TI  - Phase II evaluation of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in patients with metastatic colorectal
      carcinoma.

PMID- 6595059
TI  - Phase II trial of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in metastatic melanoma.

PMID- 6595060
TI  - [Genetic manipulation and genetic engineering--biomedical applications and
      problems].

PMID- 6595061
TI  - Microinjection of simian adenovirus SA7 (C-8) DNA into the mouse zygotes:
      differential distribution of viral DNA in organs.
AB  - A simian adenovirus SA7 (C-8) DNA was microinjected into fertilized mouse eggs.
      Thirty-five mice derived from eggs injected with SA7 DNA were screened for the
      presence of the adenovirus genome in their liver DNA. Eighteen of these mice
      contained the virus-specific sequences. SA7 DNA was detected in some tissues, but
      in all cases, viral sequences were absent from muscle and heart DNA. Viral DNA
      was inherited by 50-70% of the next generation. One mouse that contained about 1
      copy of SA7 DNA per haploid genome has been shown to pass it on to five
      generations, although the integrated viral DNA sustained a considerable
      structural change between F1 and F3. RNA analysis in various organs of 12 mice
      has shown the transcription of SA7 DNA to be very infrequent: only in the kidney
      of one mouse and in the spleen of another did RNA contain SA7-specific sequences.

PMID- 6595063
TI  - Interview: Shirley Bailey, DDS--new State Board President.

PMID- 6595062
TI  - Effect of lymphokines on the production of cytostatic protein factors from human
      monocytes.
AB  - The effect of activating human monocytes in vitro with lymphokines on the
      production of cytostatic protein factor(s) (CF) was investigated. Upon exposing
      the monocytes to either lymphokines or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) the amount of CF
      released was increased approximately fivefold compared to the amount released
      from unexposed monocytes. With sequential lymphokine and LPS treatment CF release
      increased nearly 10-fold. Even 10 min lymphokine activation before LPS exposure
      enhanced CF production significantly. The enhanced CF production was detected
      between 5 and 10 hr after lymphokine activation. The RNA synthesis inhibitor
      actinomycin D and the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide reduced the
      lymphokine-induced CF production in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that
      lymphokines augment both CF mRNA and CF protein synthesis. When monocytes were
      exposed to LPS on both Day 2 and Day 4 of culture, the amount of CF obtained on
      Day 4 was reduced compared to that obtained on Day 2. A significant increase in
      CF production, however, was observed when the monocytes were activated with
      lymphokines before the second exposure to LPS on Day 4, supporting the view that
      lymphokines initiate synthesis of CF in monocytes. Upon ion exchange
      chromatography, chromatofocusing, and gel filtration the same elution profiles of
      CF were obtained irrespectively of whether the monocytes had been activated with
      lymphokines or not. This indicates that lymphokines induce an increased
      production of the same factor(s) which was obtained in the absence of
      lymphokines.

PMID- 6595064
TI  - Parenteral sedation in dentistry--Alaska revisited?

PMID- 6595065
TI  - Practitioners' perceptions of dental hygiene education in California.

PMID- 6595066
TI  - Recognition of the pain formula for head, neck and TMJ disorders: the general
      physical examination.

PMID- 6595068
TI  - Office design.

PMID- 6595067
TI  - Indochinese refugees: treatment planning and diagnostic procedures.

PMID- 6595069
TI  - The value of pets in the waiting room.

PMID- 6595070
TI  - [Preliminary results of intensive care of acute myeloid leukemia in children
      under 2 therapeutic protocols].

PMID- 6595072
TI  - Getting the raise you deserve.

PMID- 6595071
TI  - Hepatic macromolecular covalent binding of mononitrotoluenes in Fischer-344 rats.
AB  - The mononitrotoluenes are important industrial chemicals which display isomeric
      specificity in their ability to induce hepatic DNA excision repair in Fischer-344
      rats. Covalent binding of the structurally related hepatocarcinogen, 2,6
      dinitrotoluene, to hepatic DNA is markedly decreased by prior administration of
      the sulfotransferase inhibitors pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 2,6-dichloro-4
      nitrophenol (DCNP). The objectives of this study were to determine whether
      hepatic macromolecular covalent binding of the mononitrotoluene isomers differed
      and to determine whether covalent binding of the mononitrotoluenes to hepatic DNA
      in vivo was decreased by inhibitors of sulfotransferase. Male Fischer-344 rats
      were given a single oral dose of [ring-U-14C]-2-, 3- or 4-nitrotoluene (2-, 3- or
      4-NT) and killed at various times thereafter. Livers were removed and analyzed
      for total and covalently bound radiolabel. Maximal concentrations of total
      radiolabel were observed between 3 and 12 h after the dose, and there were no
      large differences among the 3 isomers in peak concentrations achieved. Covalent
      binding to hepatic macromolecules was maximal 12 h after administration for all
      three isomers. Thereafter, concentrations of covalently bound 2-NT-derived
      material were always 2-6 times higher than those of 3- or 4-NT-derived material.
      When DNA was isolated from livers of rats given the mononitrotoluenes 12 h
      previously, only 2-NT was observed to covalently bind at concentrations above the
      limits of detection of the assay. The covalent binding of 2-NT, but not that of 3
      or 4-NT, to both total hepatic macromolecules and DNA was markedly decreased by
      prior administration of either PCP or DCNP. Covalent binding to hepatic DNA was
      decreased by greater than 96%. The results of this study correlate well with
      studies which have demonstrated that 2-NT, but not 3- or 4-NT, induces DNA
      excision repair. Furthermore, they suggest that 2-NT, like the hepatocarcinogen
      2,6-dinitrotoluene, requires the action of sulfotransferase for its conversion to
      a species capable of covalently binding to hepatic DNA.

PMID- 6595073
TI  - Beating the burnout blues.

PMID- 6595074
TI  - Emergency! Prevention and preparedness.

PMID- 6595075
TI  - Responding to adverse reactions to drugs.

PMID- 6595077
TI  - Inventory management that works for you.

PMID- 6595076
TI  - More than just a pretty smile. Choosing the right dentifrice.

PMID- 6595078
TI  - Myopic extended wear contact lenses in 100 patients: a retrospective study.

PMID- 6595079
TI  - A comparison of palatoplasty techniques.
AB  - The efficacy of palate lengthening procedures and intravelar veloplasty performed
      at the time of primary cleft palate repair was studied in a series of eighty
      patients by comparing speech results, pressure flow studies, and the ultimate
      need for pharyngeal flaps. The results indicate that intravelar veloplasty yields
      better speech through better velopharyngeal function and less frequent pharyngeal
      flap procedures.

PMID- 6595080
TI  - Primary von Langenbeck palatoplasty with levator reconstruction: rationale and
      technique.
AB  - In the preceding article, patients undergoing von Langenbeck palatoplasty without
      reconstruction of the levator veli palatini muscles were compared to patients
      undergoing the identical procedure, but with intravelar veloplasty. Palatoplasty
      included repair of both hard and soft palate, tension-free approximation of
      mucoperiosteal and soft palate flaps, and everting suture of nasal mucous
      membrane and oral mucous membrane from the anterior extent of the palate cleft to
      the tip of the uvula. No attempt was made to repair an alveolar cleft, if
      present. The authors concluded that intravelar veloplasty was of significant
      value in providing velopharyngeal competency, and in this companion article the
      rationale and technical details are presented.

PMID- 6595081
TI  - Delayed hard palate closure: the philosophy revisited.
AB  - Delaying surgical closure of the hard palate in children with cleft lip and
      palate has become increasingly popular. This essay is a review of the rationale
      and supporting evidence for this procedure, with emphasis on its effect on
      speech, particularly articulation and velopharyngeal function. We have concluded
      that the assumptions on which this method is based have never been proven, and
      that the deleterious effects on speech often noted have not received appropriate
      attention.

PMID- 6595082
TI  - Clinical experience with the Robin sequence.
AB  - In 1980 the results of a trial program of intense non-surgical management on ten
      consecutive newborn infants admitted with the Robin sequence were reported. The
      diagnosis of Robin sequence was made based upon the presence of retrognathia and
      glossoptosis in a newborn infant with or without cleft palate. Upper airway
      obstruction and feeding difficulties were also present in the post natal and
      neonatal period. An additional 15 patients were managed using the same protocol.
      These 25 consecutive patients are divided into two distinct groups. Seventeen
      have the isolated Robin sequence (IRS) and eight have the Robin sequence as part
      of a syndrome or associated with multiple congenital anomalies (RSS). A definite
      trend showing normal growth and development in the isolated Robin sequence is
      noted.

PMID- 6595083
TI  - Oral air flow during vowel production of children and adults.

PMID- 6595084
TI  - Speech ratings by speech clinicians, parents and children.
AB  - Ratings of speech samples of children with cleft palate were obtained from speech
      clinicians in a Cleft Palate Clinic, speech clinicians in the public schools,
      parents of children with clefts, parents of children without clefts, children
      with clefts and children without clefts. Analyses of the obtained ratings suggest
      that nasality and articulation ratings obtained from adult groups do not differ
      appreciably. Correlations between ratings of nasality and articulation are
      interpreted as suggesting that speech clinicians are more likely to differentiate
      between these two variables than other listener groups.

PMID- 6595086
TI  - Deciduous tooth dimensions in cleft lip and palate.
AB  - The deciduous teeth of 40 subjects with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate
      (CUCLP) and 42 noncleft controls were measured. The mesiodistal and faciolingual
      dimensions of several maxillary teeth in the vicinity of the cleft were smaller
      than their corresponding antimeres. No such differences were apparent in the
      mandibular arch. In the control sample there were no differences in either
      maxillary or mandibular arches. The CUCLP group generally demonstrated
      significantly smaller dimensions for both mesiodistal and faciolingual dimensions
      for both maxillary and mandibular arches when compared to the control group.
      These findings lend possible support to the hypothesis that tissue deficiency may
      be a factor in cleft lip and palate development.

PMID- 6595085
TI  - Population and family studies of HLA in Japanese with cleft lip and cleft palate.
AB  - Population and family studies of HLA were performed in Japanese patients with
      cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P). Frequency of HLA-Cw 7 was significantly
      increased in cleft lip (CL) patients (37.5%) and cleft palate (CP) patients
      (37.8%) but was not increased in cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients (17.5%),
      compared with control subjects (13.3%). However, the intensities of the
      associations were not great (relative risk = 4.0). The affected sib pairs method
      was studied in 13 families with CL- or CLP-affected sib pairs and 10 families
      with CP-affected sib pairs. However, in both groups of families the distributions
      of HLA haplotypes in affected sib pairs did not significantly differ from random
      Mendelian expectation. Thus, HLA-linked major genes (loci) which determine the
      development of CL/P were not found. These results seem indirectly to support the
      multifactorial theory of CL/P, but does not exclude other possible genetic
      mechanisms.

PMID- 6595087
TI  - Articulation skills of Spanish-speaking Mexican-American children: normative
      data.
AB  - Articulation tests are frequently used to assess articulation skills and
      velopharyngeal competence. Five hundred Spanish speaking Mexican-American
      children age tour to eight years were administered the Templin-Darley Screening
      Test of Articulation, the Iowa Pressure Articulation Test and all consonant items
      of the Templin-Darley Diagnostic Test. Normative data are presented.

PMID- 6595088
TI  - A relationship measurement method for the analysis of complete unilateral cleft
      lip and palate cases.
AB  - A new graphic method, easily applicable, for the geometric analysis of the dental
      models of complete unilateral cleft lip and palate cases was developed. Twenty
      five unilateral cleft lip and plate patients, in the age group six to twenty
      years, who had all been surgically corrected by the Lannelongue-Pichler vomer
      flap for the hard palate, were analysed with this new method, as well as with two
      other known methods, the Index System and the Direct Measurement System. The
      results of all 3 analyses were discussed and compared. No significant differences
      in the results could be distinguished between these three methods. The advantages
      of this new method are mentioned, and the geometric data, regarding the influence
      of the Lannelongue-Pichler surgical technique on arch form, are listed.

PMID- 6595089
TI  - Cephalometric findings in a normal Nigerian population sample and adult Nigerians
      with unrepaired clefts.
AB  - Cephalometric values have been established for twenty adult Nigerians, three
      adults with unrepaired unilateral cleft lip and alveolus (UCLA) and two adults
      with unrepaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Normal values for SNA and
      SNB were 85.5 degrees +/- 3.5 and 82.7 degrees +/- 3.2 respectively, and the mean
      ANB values were 3.1 degrees +/- 0.8. The cephalometric data for unilateral cleft
      lip and alveolus (UCLA) subjects whose clefts were not repaired until adulthood
      did not differ significantly from normal controls. However, in two adults with
      unrepaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), the SNA values were less than
      normal controls and the ANB values were reduced to negative levels. Bimaxillary
      protrusion of the incisors appears to be a normal feature in Nigerians. There
      appears to be inhibition of maxillary growth in UCLP patients but not in UCLA
      cases.

PMID- 6595090
TI  - Unwanted laryngeal behavior following placement of a prosthetic speech appliance.

PMID- 6595091
TI  - Dental xeroradiography.

PMID- 6595093
TI  - Dental insurance in Israel. Situation analysis.

PMID- 6595094
TI  - Focal osteosclerosis of the jaws.

PMID- 6595092
TI  - Fusion of a supernumerary tooth to third mandibular molar.

PMID- 6595095
TI  - Dental xeroradiography--a new imaging system.

PMID- 6595096
TI  - Urinary prostaglandins in sickle cell nephropathy: a defect in 9-ketoreductase
      activity?

PMID- 6595097
TI  - Pleural metastasis with osteosarcoma. Dramatic presentation on skeletal
      scintigraphy.

PMID- 6595098
TI  - Adolescent eating disorders: prevention and treatment.

PMID- 6595099
TI  - Use of osmotic dilators to facilitate induced midtrimester abortion: clinical
      evaluations.
AB  - A number of studies evaluating an osmotic cervical dilator consisting of
      polyvinyl foam saturated with magnesium sulphate in women undergoing midtrimester
      abortion with intra-amniotic hyperosmolar urea plus prostaglandin F2a were
      completed. Comparisons with women receiving no pre-treatment with a laminaria
      tent or with one laminaria indicate that their use appears to shorten injection
      abortion intervals, particularly in parous women, and reduce risk of endometritis
      and cervical laceration compared to women not receiving any type of device. The
      data suggests that two osmotic dilators may be more effective than one. Also,
      magnesium toxicity does not appear to be a substantial risk with their use.

PMID- 6595100
TI  - [Microbiological studies of periapical granulomas of primary molars].

PMID- 6595101
TI  - [Calcium-phosphorus-magnesium metabolism in the primary teeth of children living
      in an area contaminated by fluorine compounds].

PMID- 6595102
TI  - [Clinical observations on the use of Cosmic resin for the reconstruction of crown
      defects].

PMID- 6595103
TI  - [International collaborative study of dental manpower systems in relation to oral
      health status].

PMID- 6595104
TI  - [Chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint synovial membrane. Description of
      2 cases].

PMID- 6595105
TI  - [Comparative analysis of facial bone fractures treated at the Department of
      Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Stomatology, Medical Academy in Gdansk 1946
      1971 and 1972-1978].

PMID- 6595106
TI  - [Selected characteristics of patients interrupting orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6595107
TI  - [The use of composite materials in orthodontics].

PMID- 6595108
TI  - [HLA antigens of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Chinese].

PMID- 6595109
TI  - [Prostaglandin F2 Alpha levels of the cerebrospinal fluid in patients with
      cerebrovascular diseases].

PMID- 6595110
TI  - [CA 12-5 in cancer of the digestive tract. A comparison with CA 19-9 and CEA in
      cancer of the pancreas and colon].
AB  - In 42 control subjects and 134 patients with benign or malignant disease of the
      pancreas or large intestine, the recently produced tumour-associated antigen CA
      12-5 was determined together with CEA and CA 19-9. Only 4% of controls and
      patients with benign disease (except those with acute pancreatitis) had CA 12-5
      values above 35 U/ml, compared with 60% of patients with pancreas carcinoma and
      21% with colon carcinoma. For the former (pancreas carcinoma) there was also a
      good correlation to stage of tumour (0 of 6 tumours stage TxN0M0, 7 of 11 TxN1M0,
      16 of 20 TxN1M1 greater than 35 U/ml) and progression of the malignancy.
      Simultaneous determination of all three antigens increased the rate of tumour
      marker positive patients from 87% (CA 19-9) to 92% for pancreas carcinoma and
      from 25% (CEA) to 51% for colon carcinoma.

PMID- 6595111
TI  - Reference values for serum lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol in adults and cord
      blood of Kenyan Africans.

PMID- 6595112
TI  - [Interferon production using the peripheral leukocytes of leukemic children].
AB  - Interferon production by blood leucocytes was investigated in 26 children with
      various types of leukemia (acute lymphoblastic, acute myeloblastic and the
      blastic crisis of chronic myelocytic leukemia). The control group consisted of 6
      children with lymphoadenopathy. Interferon synthesis was decreased in most cases
      of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The persistent sharp reduction of interferon
      producing function of leucocytes is a factor of unfavourable prognosis in acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia of children, being associated with a more severe course of
      the disease, increased susceptibility to viral infection, and with a higher risk
      of relapse. In two cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia the level of interferon
      production was equal to or even higher than in the control group. It is supposed
      that the estimation of interferon production by leucocytes can be used as an
      additional factor in the differential diagnostics of obscure cases of children
      leukemia.

PMID- 6595113
TI  - [Isolation of mononuclear cells from the bone marrow of patients with
      hemoblastoses using one-step ficoll-verographin density gradient separation].
AB  - The one-step ficoll-verographin density-gradient centrifugation was first used
      for isolating mononuclear cells from human bone marrow. Children suffering from
      various hemoblastoses were donors. The morphological control of the cells
      isolated from the interface layer and May-Grunwald stained showed a high
      efficiency of the procedure proposed. Due to the nosological form of malignancy
      mononuclears composed from 100% (in the relapse of acute lymphocytic leukemia) to
      81% (in hemoblastosis with "intact" bone marrow: lymphogranulomatosis and
      lymphosarcoma without leukemization) among the isolated cells. Thus, the one-step
      ficoll-verographin density-gradient centrifugation may be used for extensive
      clinical research, permitting more time-consuming procedures to be avoided.

PMID- 6595114
TI  - Subunit structure and autophosphorylation mechanism of casein kinase-TS (type-2)
      from rat liver cytosol.
AB  - Type-2 casein kinase-TS (Ck-TS) purified to homogeneity from rat liver cytosol
      exhibits a molecular mass of 130000 daltons in non-denaturating media and a
      subunit composition consistent with an alpha 2 beta 2 heterotetramer. The
      quaternary structure of Ck-TS is not compromised by limited proteolysis with
      trypsin which converts the 38-kDa alpha subunit into 36-kDa (alpha') and 34-kDa
      (alpha") derivatives, inducing a parallel decrease of enzymatic activity. Since
      the 25-kDa beta subunit is unaffected under comparable conditions, the catalytic
      activity seemingly resides in the alpha subunits. The beta subunit, on the other
      hand, undergoes a very rapid phosphorylation upon incubation of Ck-TS with
      ATP/Mg2+: 0.8-1.5 mol P/mol Ck-TS are incorporated within 30 s. Such a fast
      autophosphorylation is neither prevented nor slowed down by the addition of a
      large excess of phosphorylatable substrates and takes place through an intra
      molecular rather than inter-molecular process. This conclusion is supported by
      the following data. (a) The autophosphorylation rate is linearly proportional to
      the concentration of Ck-TS. (b) Thermally inactivated Ck-TS is not phosphorylated
      by catalytic amounts of active enzyme. (c) Basic polypeptides like protamine and
      polylysine stimulate the activity of Ck-TS toward phosphorylatable substrates
      while preventing the autophosphorylation reaction. Since the effectors that
      inhibit autophosphorylation also induce a remarkable decrease of the Km values
      for the protein substrates, the possibility is discussed that autophosphorylation
      might represent a regulatory device by which Ck-TS could be converted into a
      partially inactivated form exhibiting reduced affinity toward its endogenous
      targets.

PMID- 6595115
TI  - Relative tumour enhancement of 67Ga uptake by desferrioxamine.
AB  - The administration of the iron- and gallium-chelating agent, desferrioxamine
      (DFO), to mice after the injection of 67Ga has been shown to improve tumour to
      normal tissue ratios. Time and dose parameters have been studied. The optimal
      time was about 7 h after 67Ga, when the tumour to blood ratio was increased 16
      times compared with controls. The effect was due to the greater retention of 67Ga
      in tumour compared with other tissue. Tumour retention after DFO was 78% compared
      with controls at 7 h, giving a tumour to blood ratio of 25.9. Tumour retention of
      67Ga correlated well with the proportion of cell-bound activity which was
      localised in the lysosomes. Prior administration of iron increased lysosomal
      accumulation of 67Ga in tumour cells, and hence the retention of the nuclide
      after the use of DFO.

PMID- 6595116
TI  - Immunoscintigraphy and distribution study of experimental tumours using 131I
      labelled anti-fibrinogen antibodies.
AB  - 131I-labelled antibodies to the fragment E of human fibrin, anti-rat fibrinogen,
      non-immune rabbit IgG and 67Ga-citrate were used for scintigraphy and
      distribution studies in experimental tumours in rats. The best visualisation was
      achieved with 131I-labelled anti-rat fibrinogen antibodies at intervals longer
      than 48 h after administration. Tumour to tissue ratios found in distribution
      studies performed formed more than 48 h after administration were higher in most
      examined tissues when using 131I-labelled antibodies than those obtained with
      67Ga-citrate.

PMID- 6595117
TI  - Orthodontic movement of maxillary incisors through the midpalatal suture area--an
      experimental study in dogs.

PMID- 6595118
TI  - The use of magnets in orthodontics: an alternative means to produce tooth
      movement.

PMID- 6595119
TI  - A laminagraphic study of the alterations in the temporo-mandibular joint
      following activator treatment.

PMID- 6595120
TI  - Infraocclusion of primary molars and the effect on occlusal development, a
      longitudinal study.

PMID- 6595121
TI  - Guanine nucleotides and magnesium dependence of the association states of the
      subunits of transducin.
AB  - When GTP gamma S is bound to transducin (T), the two subunits T alpha X GTP gamma
      S and T beta gamma dissociate, independently of the ionic environment. When GDP
      is bound, these subunits are associated as a monomeric T alpha X GDP-T beta gamma
      complex of 75 kDa when the ionic environment is comparable to that of the
      cytoplasm, but they dissociate in the presence of 10-100 mM Mg2+ or Ca2+. Using
      this property, the subunits could be separated and purified by a rapid one-step
      procedure on an ion-exchange column (FPLC), and their molecular masses were
      verified by neutron small angle scattering. The physiological relevances of the
      dissociating effect of Mg2+ are discussed.

PMID- 6595122
TI  - [Changes in the caries picture in students of specialized secondary schools in
      Budapest between 1975 and 1982].

PMID- 6595123
TI  - [Comparative study of the plaque-forming potential of chocolate containing
      xylitol or sucrose].

PMID- 6595124
TI  - [Follow-up study of teeth after root canal obturation with N2 for pulpitis].

PMID- 6595125
TI  - Marketing American Dental Association--accredited dental assisting. Part I.

PMID- 6595126
TI  - Predicting the success of dental assisting students.

PMID- 6595127
TI  - The transmission and prevention of hepatitis and herpes in the dental office.

PMID- 6595129
TI  - Managing computerized dental bookkeeping.

PMID- 6595128
TI  - Dental auxiliary articulation is feasible.

PMID- 6595130
TI  - Rearrange your practice to reduce stress.

PMID- 6595131
TI  - Are you a "doctor' or a dentist?

PMID- 6595132
TI  - How to reduce dental staff conflict.

PMID- 6595133
TI  - Rx for RDH productivity.

PMID- 6595134
TI  - Choosing an associate: how to find your best match.

PMID- 6595135
TI  - Drugs in dentistry. Antibiotics.

PMID- 6595136
TI  - Back to business.

PMID- 6595137
TI  - A well wrought inventory saves time and money.

PMID- 6595139
TI  - What is your public relations rating?

PMID- 6595138
TI  - Plan 3 years of profits.

PMID- 6595140
TI  - Singing the supply side blues: a two-part melody.

PMID- 6595141
TI  - Cooper lab technician tackles a titanic tooth problem.

PMID- 6595142
TI  - Two labs under one roof: the combination equals success.

PMID- 6595144
TI  - Winning clients back: it can and should be done.

PMID- 6595145
TI  - Quality control: whose responsibility is it anyway? Don't set standards--enforce
      them!

PMID- 6595143
TI  - You are what you write so write business letters right.

PMID- 6595146
TI  - Quality control: whose responsibility is it anyway? Set standards through
      voluntary cooperation.

PMID- 6595148
TI  - Beware of comparisons.

PMID- 6595147
TI  - Partnership life insurance.

PMID- 6595149
TI  - Learn the art of delegation to motivate employees and spur production.

PMID- 6595150
TI  - A new look at the educational preparation of dental hygienists. Exploding the
      myth.

PMID- 6595151
TI  - Review of currently recommended aseptic procedure. III. Radiographic equipment
      and dental professional preparation.

PMID- 6595152
TI  - Traditional functions and job and career satisfaction.

PMID- 6595153
TI  - Burnout in dental hygiene.

PMID- 6595154
TI  - Can we use more ancillaries?

PMID- 6595156
TI  - The FTC and the professions. An exclusive interview with FTC Commissioner
      Patricia P. Bailey by John S. Watterson.

PMID- 6595155
TI  - Clinical experience in dental hygiene programs. Frequency related to perceived
      importance and difficulty.

PMID- 6595157
TI  - The political evolution of the American Dental Hygienists' Association.

PMID- 6595158
TI  - Educating dental hygienists to be sole practitioners. Potential impacts of
      alternative and independent practice legislation.

PMID- 6595159
TI  - Legality and student performance of expanded functions.

PMID- 6595160
TI  - Dental fear: that patient problem you can solve.

PMID- 6595161
TI  - Let's keep our dental jargon understandable.

PMID- 6595162
TI  - Dental school is what you make it.

PMID- 6595163
TI  - Make elderly patients part of your practice routine.

PMID- 6595165
TI  - Warning: herpes is dangerous to your occupational health.

PMID- 6595164
TI  - Aging presents dental curriculum challenge.

PMID- 6595166
TI  - Documentation preventive for patient and you.

PMID- 6595167
TI  - Hidden sugars in baby foods.

PMID- 6595168
TI  - Aspartame and other intense sweeteners as an aid to dental health.

PMID- 6595169
TI  - Prescribing and drug use in general practice. 2. Common prescribing problems.

PMID- 6595170
TI  - A practical guide to pulp canal therapy. 6. Pain and other problems.

PMID- 6595171
TI  - Children's dental health survey 1983.

PMID- 6595172
TI  - The diagnosis and management of the 'early' carious lesion in permanent teeth.

PMID- 6595173
TI  - HB immunization: rejection and its consequences.

PMID- 6595174
TI  - Statistics: 2. Data analysis.

PMID- 6595175
TI  - A practical guide to dental elevators.

PMID- 6595176
TI  - An unusual case of a ranula.

PMID- 6595177
TI  - Economics and the changing pattern of dental caries.

PMID- 6595178
TI  - Saliva and dental health (1).

PMID- 6595179
TI  - Microfine composite veneering of discoloured or deformed anterior teeth.

PMID- 6595180
TI  - A quantitative electron microscope autoradiographic study on [3H]prostaglandin E1
      and F2 alpha internalization in bovine luteal slices.
AB  - Very few silver grains were seen on the luteal cell surface and none
      intracellularly after incubation for 2 h at 4 degrees C with 10 nM
      [3H]prostaglandin (PG) E1 or [3H]PGF2 alpha. However, incubation at 22 degrees C
      or 38 degrees C for 2 h resulted in association of numerous grains on the luteal
      cell surface as well as in several intracellular organelles. Qualitatively, the
      grain distribution was similar at 22 degrees C and 38 degrees C, but
      quantitatively there were fewer grains at 22 degrees C than at 38 degrees C. In
      addition to luteal cells, the grains were also found on erythrocytes, platelets,
      fibroblasts and capillary endothelial cells in luteal tissue incubated with
      [3H]PGE1. Grain association with non-luteal cells was never seen with [3H]PGF2
      alpha. Coincubation of [3H]PGE1 or [3H]PGF2 alpha with only corresponding excess
      unlabeled PGs resulted in complete disappearance of silver grains from all the
      subcellular organelles. In autoradiographs, grains were seen on plasma membranes,
      nuclei, lysosomes, mitochondria, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum and
      Golgi. Three-step mask analysis, which effectively corrects for radiation spread,
      revealed that the grains found on mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum in
      the case of [3H]PGE1, and those found on mitochondria, rough and smooth
      endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi in the case of [3H]PGF2 alpha, were due to the
      radiation spread. For both [3H]PGE1 and [3H]PGF2 alpha the plasma membrane
      associated grains progressively decreased, while the intracellular organelle
      associated grains increased with time at 38 degrees C. There were no grains in
      nuclei at 5 min but they appeared at 10 min and increased until 60 or 120 min.
      The optimized source density following 2 h of incubation at 38 degrees C with
      [3H]PGE1 was Golgi greater than plasma membranes greater than lysosomes = nuclei,
      and for [3H]PGF2 alpha, lysosomes greater than plasma membranes greater than
      nuclei. In summary, the present studies demonstrate for the first time that
      exogenously added [3H]PGE1 and [3H]PGF2 alpha internalize in bovine luteal cells
      in a ligand-specific, time- and temperature-dependent manner. The observations
      that the internalized [3H]PGE1 does not associate with rough endoplasmic
      reticulum and that [3H]PGF2 alpha does not associate with rough endoplasmic
      reticulum and Golgi, even though they contain the binding sites, suggest the
      presence of mechanism(s) to direct the internalized [3H]PGs to only certain
      intracellular organelles of luteal cells.

PMID- 6595182
TI  - [Changes in the colony-forming capacity of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells
      of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia undergoing therapeutic
      leukocytapheresis].

PMID- 6595181
TI  - Structure-activity studies on synthetic analogues (indolactams) of the tumor
      promoter teleocidin.
AB  - Synthetic analogues (indolactams) related to the tumor promoter teleocidin were
      synthesized chemically. Of four indolactam-Vs lacking the monoterpenoid moiety of
      native teleocidin, (-)-indolactam-V bound to the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13
      acetate receptor in cell membranes and induced both adhesion of HL-60 cells and
      ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse skin, although its effects were weaker
      than those of teleocidin. (+)-Indolactam-V and two isomers of epi-indolactam-V
      showed no induction of ornithine decarboxylase. These results indicate that the
      S,S configuration of native teleocidin at the isopropyl residue and the
      hydroxymethyl group is necessary for activity.

PMID- 6595183
TI  - Luteolysis induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha in the lizard, Anolis carolinensis.
AB  - The effect of exogenous prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF) on luteal function and
      morphology was examined in the lizard, Anolis carolinensis. Reproductively active
      females were injected with 1.0 micrograms PGF, 0.1 micrograms PGF, or 0.05 ml
      saline. Animals were killed 2, 6, or 24 hr after injection. Prostaglandin
      treatment induced luteolysis as evidenced by significant decreases in plasma
      progesterone concentration in animals sacrificed 6 and 24 hr after treatment.
      Both doses of PGF were effective. However, 0.1 micrograms PGF induced luteolysis
      in less than 50% of the treatment group. Luteal degradation became apparent at
      the cellular level 24 hr after PGF treatment whereas no significant changes were
      observed in corpora lutea of the 2- or 6-hr postinjection specimens. These data
      suggest that PGF is a luteolytic agent in reptiles.

PMID- 6595184
TI  - Cervix-dilative effect of PGF2 alpha after intracervical and extraovular
      administration.

PMID- 6595186
TI  - Evidence of a "new" allele of red cell and phosphatase AcPk.
AB  - Phenotypes of members of one Polish family have revealed a "new" allele in the
      AcP system: called AcPk. Quantitative data of the phenotypes are given.

PMID- 6595187
TI  - Peripheral metabolism of thyroxine. Biochemical background and clinical
      significance. International symposium, Reisenburg 1983.

PMID- 6595185
TI  - Study of duodenal ulcer disease in 100 families using total serum pepsinogen as a
      genetic marker.
AB  - Although various markers have been used in attempts to elucidate the mode of
      inheritance of duodenal ulcer, they have not significantly contributed to a clear
      understanding of the problem. In the present study total serum pepsinogen was
      used as a genetic marker and its concentrations were estimated in 100 ulcer
      patients and their family members up to three generations. Eighty three per cent
      of the ulcer patients had hyperpepsinogenaemia on a familial basis, and it
      followed an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Thus a large majority of
      ulcer patients have associated hyperpepsinogenaemia which forms a genetic basis
      of their disease. The remaining 17% ulcer patients did not have associated
      hyperpepsinogenaemia nor was the ulcer inherited by the family. Based on these
      observations we wish to suggest that duodenal ulcer associated with
      hyperpepsinogenaemia may be considered a genetic disease. This type may be termed
      'primary duodenal ulcer'. In the remaining patients without hyperpepsinogenaemia
      or affected relatives the ulcer may be called 'secondary duodenal ulcer'. Thus
      total serum pepsinogen may be considered a reliable genetic marker in helping to
      delineate the genetic disorder from the non-genetic, thereby improving the
      predictive ability in duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 6595188
TI  - The significance of ether link cleavage of iodothyronines and its apparent
      reciprocity with the conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine.

PMID- 6595189
TI  - Does glutathione regulate thyroxine deiodinase activity in cells?
AB  - Since iodothyronine monodeiodinase require reduced sulfhydryl groups to be
      active, and since hepatic nonprotein sulfhydryls are low in states associated
      with decreased formation of T3 from T4, a regulatory role for glutathione (GSH)
      has been postulated in thyroid hormone deiodination. Studies with cultured rat
      hepatocytes showed that a 90% decrease of total GSH, achieved by culturing cells
      in Cys, Met-deficient medium, did not alter 5'- or 5-deiodinase activity. The
      glutathione disulfide (GSSG) fraction remained constant, however. When the GSSG:
      total GSH ratio was increased by culturing the cells in 0.5 mM diamide,
      butylhydroperoxide, or 10(-5) M vinblastine, 5'-deiodination was decreased. In
      fetal mouse liver explants, 5'-deiodination and total GSH were decreased but the
      GSSG ratio was normal and the deiodinase Vmax was decreased. It is concluded that
      monodeiodinase activity in hepatocytes is not regulated by the total GSH
      concentration but is inversely correlated with the ratio of GSSG to total GSH.

PMID- 6595190
TI  - Sulfation facilitates hepatic deiodination of iodothyronines.
AB  - The metabolism of 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (rT3), 3,3'-5-triiodothyronine (T3)
      and 3,3'-diiodothyronine (3,3'-T2) by isolated rat hepatocytes in primary culture
      was studied by radioimmunoassay and by Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. The first
      step in the metabolism of rT3 is outer ring deiodination which is inhibited by
      thiouracil. In incubations with outer ring-labeled 3,3'-T2 or T3 the main
      products observed are iodide in the absence of thiouracil and the sulfate
      conjugates in the presence of the inhibitor. Rates of sulfation and iodide
      formation were both determined by the phenol sulfotransferase activity of the
      cells. Inner ring deiodination of T3 sulfate and subsequent outer ring
      deiodination of 3,3'-T2 sulfate by rat liver microsomes are much faster than the
      corresponding reactions for the non-conjugated iodothyronines. The results
      strongly suggest that sulfation precedes and in effect accelerates hepatic
      deiodination of T3 and 3,3'-T2.

PMID- 6595191
TI  - Biochemical characteristics of iodothyronine monodeiodination by rat liver
      microsomes: the interaction between iodothyronine substrate analogs and the
      ligand binding site of the iodothyronine deiodinase resembles that of the TBPA
      iodothyronine ligand binding.
AB  - T4-analogs modified at the aliphatic side chain R are substrates for rat liver
      microsomal iodothyronine-5'(3')-deiodinase (ITH-D). The variation of the
      substrate constitution allows a mapping of the ITH-D substrate ligand-binding
      site. Highest affinity for the ITH-5'(3')-D was presented by Tetrac among a
      homologous series of carboxylic acid side chain analogs. A net negative charge of
      the side chain and/or the blockage of the amino function increase the affinity of
      the enzyme-ligand interaction. However, not only charge (electrostatic
      interactions), but also steric (constitution) and configurational (D-, L-alanine)
      contributions affect the ligand-binding site interaction. These studies present
      further evidence that the route of deiodination is dependent on properties of the
      ligand-binding site and/or catalytically-active site of the enzyme, and not on
      the pKa-value of the 4'-OH-group of the ITH-analogue ligands. Alterations of
      incubation-pH change the dissociation state of the thiolate-imidazolium ion-pair
      of the enzyme ligand-binding site. This can provoke changes in the enzymic route
      of the T4-monodeiodination cascade from 5'(3')- to the 5(3)-deiodination pathway
      and vice versa. The same shift can be obtained by the choice of the configuration
      of the alanine side chain. ITH-D exhibits substrate (ligand) binding
      characteristics similar to both TBPA and the nuclear T3-receptor with respect to
      the ITH-analogue side chain constitution: All three prefer acetic acid
      derivatives as ligands. In contrast to the nuclear T3-receptor both ITH-D and
      TBPA prefer ITH-(analogues) with a 3',5'-disubstitution which yields a
      dissociated 4'-phenoxi group of the molecule. These similarities may suggest that
      ITH-binding proteins, ITH-receptors and ITH-metabolizing enzymes may represent a
      closely related family of proteins. They may possibly be derived from a common
      ancestral ITH-binding protein. The limited substrate specificity of rat liver ITH
      D, which fulfills a major contribution in ITH-metabolism in vivo, may be of
      physiological relevance for the poorly characterized metabolism of naturally
      occurring (Tetrac) and pharmacologically important (D-T4) ITH-analogs.

PMID- 6595192
TI  - Peripheral deiodination of thyroid hormones in placenta and fetal membranes.

PMID- 6595193
TI  - Peripheral autoregulation of thyroxine to triiodothyronine conversion in man.
AB  - This study describes the existence of a peripheral tissue mechanism for
      maintaining serum T3 concentrations in states of T4 deficiency or excess in man.
      Serum T3 and T4 levels were determined in 242 primary hypothyroid subjects who
      had been maintained on varying doses of oral T4 therapy. Subjects treated with
      sub-maintenance T4 doses were supplemented by additional oral T3 therapy to
      maintain eumetabolic status as assessed by suppression of serum TSH values. This
      T3 supplementation was withdrawn 4-5 days prior to study in order to obviate any
      influence on serum T3 indices. Serum total T3/T4 ratio values in this study
      population were observed to progressively decline fivefold in a curvilinear
      manner as serum T4 concentrations rose from less than 0.5 to 20 micrograms/dl
      (total serum T3/T4 ratio fell from approximately 50 to 10, ng T3/ng T4 X 10(3)).
      This phenomenon is presumably the result of an altered T4 to T3 conversion by
      peripheral tissue 5'-deiodinase systems. A similar alteration of T4 to rT3
      conversion with changing serum T4 levels does not appear to occur since serum
      rT3/T4 ratios did not vary in a separate study population over a serum T4
      concentration span from 4-16 micrograms/dl. The mechanism by which this
      autoregulatory control of T4 to T3 conversion occurs is unknown. However, it
      would appear physiologically to complement the pituitary-thyroid autoregulatory
      system by acting to defend and maintain serum T3 concentrations in states of T4
      deficiency and excess.

PMID- 6595194
TI  - Conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine in the anterior pituitary gland and
      the influence of this process on thyroid status.
AB  - There are two iodothyronine 5'-deiodinases in the rat anterior pituitary gland.
      The type II 5'-deiodinase is responsible for the observable T4 to T3 conversion
      in pituitary tissue, both in vivo and in vitro. This type II enzyme has kinetic
      characteristics which distinguish it from type I activity, and it is also
      insensitive to inhibition by propylthiouracil. Iopanoic acid is both a substrate
      for, and an inhibitor of, the pituitary type II 5'-deiodinase. Studies in the rat
      and in man using iopanoic acid as a probe indicate that conversion of T4 to T3
      within the anterior pituitary is a necessary step in the expression of thyroid
      hormone effects on the thyrotrophic and somatotrophic cells after T4
      administration. Amiodarone, which has effects on the human pituitary-thyroid axis
      similar to those of iopanoic acid, has little inhibitory activity on T4 5'
      deiodination in rat pituitary homogenate. Phenytoin, which lowers the serum T4
      after chronic administration without inducing an increase in thyrotropin, could
      theoretically act by enhancing intrapituitary T3 production. In actuality,
      phenytoin shows only inhibitory activity in vitro on type II 5'-deiodination in
      rat pituitary and brain homogenates and on type I activity in rat liver
      homogenates. Phenytoin treatment in vivo has no significant effect on T4 5'
      deiodination in pituitary or liver homogenates either. Evidence is discussed
      regarding whether the increase in type II 5'-deiodinating activity in
      hypothyroidism, and the decrease in hyperthyroidism, are beneficial defense
      mechanisms; this is likely to be so in some parts of the body, but may ot be in
      the thyrotrophic cells of the anterior pituitary.

PMID- 6595196
TI  - Assessing the quality of quality assessment.

PMID- 6595195
TI  - T3-hyperthyroidism caused by enhanced and shifted T4-conversion.
AB  - Radioactivities of endogenously labelled thyroid hormones following in vivo
      application of 131 I and extraction from serial blood samples, show that T4
      secretion is enhanced in T3-hyperthyroidism as it is in T4-T3-hyperthyroidism. In
      an extreme case of T3-hyperthyroidism with serum concentrations (SC) of T3 nearly
      equal to T4 (1000 ng/dl and 1800 ng/dl, respectively) tracer studies revealed a
      very short half life of T4 when compared to T3 (21.8 and 20.2 hrs.,
      respectively). In 110 cases with both types of hyperthyroidism, regression
      analysis showed that T3/T4 ratio as an indicator of T4 conversion, as well as
      T3/rT3 ratio as an indicator of the direction of the conversion, are related to
      T4SC (r = -0.84 and -0.72, respectively, p less than 0.001). T3-hyperthyroidism
      is described by high values of these ratios. For the definition of T3
      hyperthyroidism it is suggested that both T4 and rT3SC are within the normal
      range (T4 less than or equal to 11.5 micrograms/dl, rT3 less than or equal to
      43.0 ng/dl) and according to this definition, T3/rT3 is higher than in T4-T3
      hyperthyroidism and in an undefined group (24.8 +/- 4.5 vs. 6.3 +/- 0.4 or 7.5 +/
      0.4, respectively). By means of the ratios the undefined group may be allocated
      to T4-T3-hyperthyroidism. The T3/rT3 ratio is value of greater than 10 has a
      frequency of 88% in thus defined T3-hyperthyroidism and a ratio of less than or
      equal to 10 is found in 90% of the other cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6595197
TI  - The JCAH and psychiatry: current issues and implications for practice.
AB  - The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals recently revised its
      Accreditation Manual for Hospitals (AMH), used to assess the quality of care at
      health institutions. The authors briefly examine the history of accreditation of
      hospital-based psychiatric services. They then provide background on factors that
      influenced the revision of AMH standards such as third-party pressure for cost
      containment and consumer demands for high-quality health care. The authors also
      explore such issues as clinical privileges for nonphysician health professionals
      and the interdependence of the medical staff and the hospital administration in
      monitoring quality of care.

PMID- 6595198
TI  - Recent changes in JCAH standards affecting the accreditation of psychiatric
      facilities.
AB  - During the past five years, the Accreditation Manual for Hospitals (AMH) has
      undergone two separate but not entirely unrelated revisions: the incorporation of
      psychiatric and substance abuse standards, a step that allowed all hospital-based
      psychiatric services to be surveyed through the AMH and that had implications for
      both psychiatric and nonpsychiatric patients, and the rewriting of the standards
      in the medical staff chapter, which relates to staff composition and
      organization, staff responsibilities, and medical staff quality assurance
      activities. The author discusses some of the forces behind the revisions, the
      specific changes resulting from each revision process, and the rationale for the
      changes.

PMID- 6595199
TI  - Localisation of genetic markers and orientation of the linkage group on
      chromosome 19.
AB  - A panel of human-rodent somatic cell hybrids containing translocation derivatives
      of human chromosome 19 has been used to assign the markers peptidase D,
      complement component 3, lysosomal mannosidase, lysosomal DNAase, chorionic
      gonadotropin beta-subunit, and a new polymorphic DNA sequence, to specific
      regions of chromosome 19. This has allowed the relative orientations of the
      genetic and physical maps to be established, and provides the framework for a
      search for the genes responsible for inherited disorders on chromosome 19, such
      as myotonic dystrophy and neurofibromatosis.

PMID- 6595201
TI  - Osteoporosis and dental osteopenia in the elderly.

PMID- 6595200
TI  - X-linked agammaglobulinemia and the red blood cell determinants Xg and 12E7 are
      not closely linked.
AB  - Studies on the segregation of the red blood cell determinant Xg in 12 families
      with X-linked inheritance of agammaglobulinemia (XLA) in 3-4 generations
      suggested linkage of Xg with XLA. One extensive pedigree of a Dutch family with
      XLA in eight generations was investigated for Xg and the quantitative
      polymorphism 12E7. LIPED analysis indicated linkage disproven up to 25cM distance
      within this pedigree. Taken together with data obtained from two other
      informative XLA pedigrees and with published data, the results indicate no close
      linkage between XLA and Xg: 12E7, the distance between XLA and Xg being more than
      20cM.

PMID- 6595202
TI  - Prevalence of TMJ signs and symptoms in the elderly.

PMID- 6595203
TI  - Aging effects on anatomy and neurophysiology of taste and smell.

PMID- 6595204
TI  - Taste and smell perception in aging.

PMID- 6595205
TI  - Oral health status of the elderly, with dietary and nutritional considerations.

PMID- 6595207
TI  - Coke production.

PMID- 6595206
TI  - Mineralized tissue in aging.

PMID- 6595208
TI  - Iron and steel founding.

PMID- 6595209
TI  - Aluminium production.

PMID- 6595210
TI  - Coal gasification.

PMID- 6595211
TI  - Serogenetic investigations of two populations of Iran.
AB  - Frequencies of 10 polymorphic systems were investigated in two ethnic groups
      (Turkoman and Bandari) living near the northern and southern borders of Iran,
      respectively. A further 6 blood group and enzyme systems were also investigated
      in Bandari alone and 4 in Turkoman alone. 4 out of 10 commonly studied systems
      (ABO, Rh, AP and Tf) showed significant frequency differences between these
      populations. Wright's FIS indicates moderate isolation of these groups, and the
      gene frequency differences are therefore interpreted as indicating the differing
      origins of these populations.

PMID- 6595212
TI  - Malpractice suits against dentists are on the rise.

PMID- 6595213
TI  - "Alternate" delivery systems.

PMID- 6595214
TI  - Intermediate dose methotrexate and sequential L-asparaginase for treatment of
      refractory acute lymphocytic leukaemia.

PMID- 6595215
TI  - Regulation of Fc mu receptor-mediated functions of resident and provoked
      peritoneal macrophages.
AB  - Modifying and/or regulating effects on Fc mu receptor (R) mediated phagocytic and
      ADCC activity of both resident (r) and provoked (p) peritoneal macrophages (PM)
      was studied applying drugs affecting the cytoskeleton and cation transport. In
      addition, the effects of exogenous PGE2 and cyclic nucleotides were also
      examined. Fc mu-receptors appear to be functionally less significant in provoked
      PMs than in resident ones since both Fc mu-receptor mediated phagocytosis and
      ADCC were lower in the formers. The cytoskeletal system is important in the
      regulation of both Fc mu-receptor-mediated functions. Phagocytosis through Fc mu
      receptor is decreased by Cytochalasin B and by Vinblastine treatment, whereas
      ADCC is enhanced by Cytochalasin B. Extracellular PGE2 and cAMP induced a higher
      phagocytic activity and suppressed ADCC, whereas cGMP displayed an opposite
      effect. The sensitivity of Fc mu R-mediated activities to ionophoric and to
      cytoskeleton-damaging drugs was lower in provoked than in resident PMs. In
      addition, the regulatory role of PGE2 and of cyclic nucleotides on the same
      activities was less marked on provoked PMs. In contrast, ouabain inhibits Fc mu R
      dependent antigen incorporation and ADCC on provoked PM monolayers only. These
      findings suggest differing regulatory mechanisms for Fc mu R-mediated functions
      in provoked PMs as compared with resident ones.

PMID- 6595216
TI  - Induction of erythroid differentiation in K562 cells and natural killer cell
      mediated lysis: distinct effects at the level of recognition and lysis in
      relation to target cell proliferation.
AB  - The erythroleukemic K562 cell line was induced to erythroid differentiation by a
      variety of agents, including hemin, bleomycin, and cytosine arabinoside. The
      sensitivity of induced cells to binding and lysis by non-sensitized peripheral
      blood mononuclear cells (MNC) in agarose was studied in relation to the target
      cell division rate. Differentiated K562 cells formed a lower proportion of
      conjugates with MNC, when compared with non-induced controls. The reduction
      correlated significantly with the level of differentiation, irrespective of the
      inducer and the proliferative status. The differentiation-induced alterations of
      lysis, however, were strongly influenced by the modification of target cell
      growth rate which was caused by the differentiating agent. These data suggest
      that target cell differentiation has distinct effects upon the steps of
      recognition and lysis by natural killer cells.

PMID- 6595217
TI  - Normal responsiveness of granulocyte macrophage committed stem cells from
      patients with chronic myeloid leukemia to proliferation inhibition by
      prostaglandin E 1.

PMID- 6595218
TI  - Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system 1984.

PMID- 6595219
TI  - Pre leukemic syndrome.

PMID- 6595220
TI  - Malignant thymoma associated terminally with acute lymphoblastic leukemia--an
      autopsy report.

PMID- 6595221
TI  - Patient selection for radiography.

PMID- 6595222
TI  - [The Bionator in functional orthodontics].

PMID- 6595223
TI  - [Description of synthetographic procedures for the verification of indications
      for extraction].

PMID- 6595224
TI  - [Jaw relation in the mixed dentition. Anatomy, mechanics and physiology of the
      temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6595225
TI  - [Double segment osteotomy for the correction of mesial and distal bite].

PMID- 6595226
TI  - [Gnathologic studies in the deciduous dentition].

PMID- 6595227
TI  - [Analysis of dentofacial structures with a graphic "is-should be" comparison].

PMID- 6595228
TI  - [Long-term results after activator treatment].

PMID- 6595229
TI  - [Prevention in orthodontic practice].

PMID- 6595230
TI  - Separation of macrophages on discontinuous bovine serum albumin (BSA) density
      gradients: cytotoxic effects of fractionated cells from normal donors and cancer
      patients.
AB  - Human monocytes from normal donors as well as breast or colon cancer patients
      were fractionated on five-step discontinuous bovine serum albumin (BSA) density
      gradients, and the monocytes from each fraction were allowed to mature into
      macrophages during a 5 day incubation period. The macrophages were then examined
      both for their ability to kill tumor cells after activation with
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the quantity of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesized.
      When the macrophages obtained from normal donors were fractionated, fractions 2
      and 4 which comprised 58% of the total cell population, were cytotoxic for tumor
      cells. In contrast, when the macrophages from breast cancer patients were
      fractionated, only the high density cells found in fraction 4 were cytotoxic. It
      is also conceivable that since fraction 4 comprises only 26% of the total
      macrophages recovered, this may be the reason unfractionated macrophages from
      breast cancer patients are unable to kill tumor cells. When the colon cancer
      patients' macrophages were fractionated on BSA density gradients, fractions 1, 2
      and 4, which comprised 79% of the total cell population, were cytotoxic for tumor
      cells. Prostaglandin E2 synthesis was also analyzed and it was found that
      fraction 3 consistently synthesized increased quantities of PGE2 when compared
      with the other three fractions. Furthermore, since fraction 3 was non-cytotoxic
      for tumor cells, it is conceivable that the increased synthesis of PGE2 by
      fraction 3 rendered these macrophages non-cytotoxic.

PMID- 6595232
TI  - Construction bite. How important is it?

PMID- 6595231
TI  - A study of changes in swallowing habit resulting from tongue thrust therapy
      recommended by R.H. Barrett.

PMID- 6595234
TI  - A realistic view of functional appliances.

PMID- 6595233
TI  - The theoretical and practical application of a remoldable craniomandibular
      appliance.

PMID- 6595235
TI  - The cranial mechanism and its dental implications.

PMID- 6595236
TI  - The role of reporting tendency in the association between psychosocial factors
      and physical health.

PMID- 6595238
TI  - Creative imagination scale, 16PF M Scale and Revised Art Scale scores: a research
      note.

PMID- 6595237
TI  - Lateral eye movement and dream recall. II: Sex differences and handedness.

PMID- 6595239
TI  - Psychological concepts in the care of intensive care unit patients.

PMID- 6595240
TI  - Phase I trial of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin (idarubicin) with single oral doses.
AB  - Twenty-four patients with a variety of solid tumors entered a Phase I trial with
      4-demethoxydaunorubicin, a new analogue of daunorubicin. The drug was given as a
      single oral dose of 10-60 mg/m2 repeated every 3-4 weeks. Leukopenia was the dose
      limiting toxicity. Other toxic effects included mild to moderate nausea and
      vomiting. Sixty mg/m2 was found to be the maximum tolerated dose in patients with
      fair tolerance to chemotherapy and normal liver function. Similar hematologic
      toxicity was reported in patients with very extensive prior chemotherapy or
      diffuse bone and/or liver metastases receiving 50 mg/m2. However, the wide range
      of the WBC nadirs reported with the same dose in 'good risk' cases, suggest that
      40 mg/m2, increased up to 50 mg/m2 in the absence of significant myelotoxicity,
      could be more safely proposed as starting dose for Phase II trials.
      Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in five patients given a single dose of 40
      60 mg/m2. IMI-30 (NSC 256439) appears to be rapidly absorbed and rapidly
      eliminated from plasma by means of a rapid and extensive biotransformation to 13
      OH-idarubicin. The 13-dihydroderivative was present at higher and more prolonged
      levels than the parent compound, with an elimination half-life of about 40 hours.

PMID- 6595241
TI  - Phase II study of epirubicin in advanced malignant melanoma.
AB  - Twenty patients with advanced malignant melanoma refractory to conventional
      chemotherapy, were entered into a Phase II study of epirubicin, one of the new
      doxorubicin analogues. The drug was given at a dose of 90 mg/m2 IV every 3 weeks.
      One partial response and three disease stabilizations were observed. Nausea and
      vomiting and alopecia were common. Mild to moderate leukopenia occurred in 6
      patients. Three cases of reversible ST-T changes were recorded. The observed
      response rate of 5% with a 39.2% probability of a true response rate greater than
      or equal to 10%, does not suggest that epirubicin, in the dose and schedule
      chosen, is active in metastatic malignant melanoma.

PMID- 6595242
TI  - Phase I trial of Idarubicin (4-demethoxydaunorubicin) in adult acute leukemia.
AB  - Idarubicin (IDR) is a new analog of Daunorubicin (DNR) selected for clinical
      trials because of its outstanding activity in experimental leukemias of mice and
      in several experimental models when compared to DNR and Doxorubicin. This Phase I
      trial was designed to determine the maximal tolerated dose in adult patients with
      acute leukemia refractory to prior treatment, using intravenously (I.V.) daily
      treatments for 5 consecutive days. Eleven patients were entered in this study.
      The initial dose of IDR was 4 mg/m2/d X 5 I.V. The highest dose given was 8
      mg/m2/d X 5 I.V. Dose limiting toxicity were gastrointestinal side effects at the
      8 mg/m2/d X 5 level (mucositis-diarrhea). Antileukemic activity has been detected
      in acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia not pretreated with anthracyclines. For Phase
      II adult leukemia studies using this schedule, it is recommended that the IDR
      dose should be 7 mg/m2/d.

PMID- 6595243
TI  - Phase II trial of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in metastatic colorectal carcinoma.
AB  - Twenty-three patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma were treated with 4'
      epi-doxorubicin (Epirubicin, 4'-epi-DX) 90 mg/m2 i.v. every 4 weeks. Out of 18
      patients evaluable for response, 11 were previously untreated. One complete
      response of 21 + months was observed in a patient with rectosigmoid carcinoma.
      Furthermore there was one minor response in pretreated rectosigmoid series, and 6
      patients had stabilization of disease. Median survival for all patients,
      including early deaths, was 4 months. For patients who were not pretreated and
      who received at least 2 cycles of therapy, median survival was 15 months. Further
      studies in patients with rectosigmoid carcinoma are warranted.

PMID- 6595244
TI  - Survey of Iowa dentists--report.

PMID- 6595246
TI  - How Iowa dentists keep up to date.

PMID- 6595245
TI  - A pigmented lesion of the lip.

PMID- 6595247
TI  - Survey of Des Moines area dental offices for mercury vapor.

PMID- 6595248
TI  - Treatment of a single stained anterior tooth utilizing visible-light-cured
      opaquer resin and microfil composite resin.

PMID- 6595249
TI  - An atypical case of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

PMID- 6595250
TI  - Behcet's disease associated with amyloidosis.
AB  - The association of Behcet's disease and amyloidosis is relatively rare. We
      present two patients with Behcet's disease who developed amyloidosis during the
      course of their illness. The relation of amyloidosis with Behcet's disease is not
      clear. We discuss the possible etiopathogenetic factors.

PMID- 6595251
TI  - A unifying concept for carcinogenic risk assessments: comparison with radiation
      induced leukemia in mice and men.
AB  - This paper presents a new, general mathematical dose-response model which can use
      human, animal and cell culture data to predict the incidence of leukemia as a
      result of exposure to ionizing radiations. The model is based on simple
      considerations of fundamental biological processes of carcinogenic initiation,
      carcinogenic promotion and competing risk due to other toxic or disease
      reactions. The model can be used to predict the risk of leukemia for either human
      or animal populations which have been (or will be) treated with any radiation
      dose-time treatment protocol of interest. The model is both an extension and an
      outgrowth of earlier work done for the Oak Ridge dosimetry program in support
      activities for the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (formerly) and the Radiation
      Effects Research Foundation (currently).

PMID- 6595252
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies directed against HLA molecules affect the lytic and
      proliferative behavior of a cloned line of human natural killer cells.
AB  - Monoclonal antibodies with specificity for HLA class I and class II antigens were
      generated against a cloned line of human natural killer cells (NK 3.3). These
      antibodies were selected for their ability to either inhibit or enhance the lytic
      activity of NK 3.3. Antibody pretreatment and binding studies have established
      that the antibodies act at the level of the killer cell; we show in this paper
      that the nature of the target cell also plays a role in whether the antibody
      causes enhancement or inhibition of lysis. We provide evidence that these
      antibodies act at an early stage of lysis prior to the Ca++ dependent programming
      for lysis step, and describe the effects of these antibodies on the proliferation
      of cloned and uncloned lines of natural killer cells.

PMID- 6595254
TI  - Microbial conversion of anthracycline antibiotics. III. Glycosidation of natural
      and chemically synthesized anthracycline aglycones.

PMID- 6595253
TI  - Metabolic control of cardiac output response to exercise in McArdle's disease.
AB  - During dynamic exercise cardiac output (Q) normally increases approximately 5
      liters per liter of increase in O2 uptake (Vo2) (i.e., delta Q/delta Vo2
      approximately equal to 5), indicative of a tight coupling between systemic O2
      transport and utilization. We studied four patients with muscle phosphorylase
      deficiency (McArdle's disease) in whom Q was normal at rest, but delta Q/delta
      Vo2 was 14.1 +/- 1.3 during bicycle exercise. Procedures designed to alter the
      availability of substrates were employed to test the hypothesis that the
      increased delta Q/delta Vo2 is linked to the abnormal metabolic state of skeletal
      muscle. Fasting plus prolonged moderate exercise was used to increase the
      availability of plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and resulted in a normalization of
      delta Q/delta Vo2 (5.3 +/- 0.4). Hyperglycemia (70% above control levels)
      partially normalized delta Q/delta Vo2. Nicotinic acid lowered plasma FFA
      concentration and dramatically increased delta Q/delta Vo2 (4.6 to 13.7) when
      administered after fasting plus prolonged exercise in one patient. Glucose
      infusion after nicotinic acid administration markedly lowered delta Q/delta Vo2.
      The results support the hypothesis and suggest that the metabolic state of
      skeletal muscle, possibly via activation of muscle afferents, participates in the
      regulation of systemic O2 transport.

PMID- 6595255
TI  - Obstructive uropathy--an unusual presentation of acute leukemia.

PMID- 6595256
TI  - Acute promyelocytic leukaemia, natural history.

PMID- 6595257
TI  - Platelet function in leukaemias.

PMID- 6595258
TI  - Endometrial cancer due to busulfan therapy. Report of two cases.
AB  - Two patients with CML who developed endometrial cancer following 2 years of
      busulfan treatment are reported. The possibility of a causal relationship between
      the cytotoxic drug and the development of this malignancy is discussed.

PMID- 6595259
TI  - Determination of susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to cefotetan and cefoxitin
      by the thioglycolate disk elution method.
AB  - The in vitro activities of two cephamycins, cefotetan and cefoxitin, against 107
      anaerobic bacteria were evaluated. The aerobically incubated thioglycolate disk
      elution technique of Kurzynski et al. (Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 10:727-732,
      1976) was also evaluated to establish the appropriate number of 30-micrograms
      disks to be added to each tube, assuming that strains with MICs of less than or
      equal to 16 micrograms/ml are susceptible. Optimal predictive values were
      obtained when two tubes were prepared for each antimicrobial agent, one with two
      30-micrograms disks and the other with three 30-micrograms disks. After 48 h of
      incubation, resistant strains grew in both tubes and susceptible strains provided
      no growth or growth less than or equal to 50% of that in the control broth.
      Growth in one tube but not in the other was considered an equivocal test result
      indicating the need for additional tests; 5 to 7% of our strains gave equivocal
      results. Reproducibility studies confirmed that broth microdilution tests were
      more reproducible than disk elution susceptibility tests.

PMID- 6595260
TI  - 1983 JCO orthodontic practice study. Part 1: trends.

PMID- 6595261
TI  - Prepare your own office policy manual.

PMID- 6595262
TI  - Combination headgear-activator.

PMID- 6595263
TI  - Modular 3D lingual appliances. Part 5. Action appliances.

PMID- 6595264
TI  - Breaking away.

PMID- 6595265
TI  - 1983 JCO orthodontic practice study. Part 2. Practice success.

PMID- 6595266
TI  - Auxiliaries for efficient jaw orthopedics.

PMID- 6595267
TI  - Modular 3D appliances. Problem solving in edgewise, straightwire, and lightwire
      treatment.

PMID- 6595268
TI  - A toothborne Hawley type retainer.

PMID- 6595269
TI  - JCO interviews Dr. Lennart Wieslander on dentofacial orthopedics. Headgear-Herbst
      treatment in the mixed dentition.

PMID- 6595270
TI  - New universal space maintainer.

PMID- 6595271
TI  - Pain and cooperation in orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 6595272
TI  - Direct-reimbursement dental benefit plans.

PMID- 6595273
TI  - The platelet defect in acute myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - In a study of platelets from 13 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia abnormal
      aggregation and release reactions were found. A previously unrecognised
      quantitative defect of thromboxane B2 production may, at least in part, explain
      these findings. In contrast to a previous report, we were unable to show a
      convincing storage pool defect in these platelets. The platelet membrane
      glycoproteins were largely normal.

PMID- 6595274
TI  - Effects of high dose propranolol in Tourette syndrome.

PMID- 6595275
TI  - The hepatitis B vaccine: responsibilities of the dentist--employer.

PMID- 6595276
TI  - The new composite resins.

PMID- 6595277
TI  - Canine multilobular osteosarcoma of the skull with metastasis.
AB  - A 6-year-old crossbreed dog had recurring nodular masses on the dorsum of the
      head which were diagnosed as multilobular osteosarcoma. At necropsy, metastases
      were present throughout the lungs. Histological features of the masses included
      multiple islands of cartilage and bone separated by a dense fibrovascular stroma.
      These tumours are slow growing malignant neoplasms which may metastasize.

PMID- 6595278
TI  - [The maxillary 1st premolar tooth with 3 canals: report of 2 cases].

PMID- 6595279
TI  - [Oral complications of radiotherapy].

PMID- 6595281
TI  - Prevent and protect--malpractice.

PMID- 6595280
TI  - [Mycosis fungoides with oral manifestation: report of 2 cases].

PMID- 6595282
TI  - [Pathogenic sub-gingival bacterial plaque: a new concept].

PMID- 6595283
TI  - [Publicity in the professional world].

PMID- 6595284
TI  - [The dentist and the law. 1--Disciplinary actions].

PMID- 6595285
TI  - [The physiology of occlusion: an essential part of the dental examination].

PMID- 6595286
TI  - Effects of sequential calcium phosphate-fluoride rinses on dental plaque,
      staining, fluoride uptake, and caries in rats.
AB  - Oral rinses which included (1) an acidic calcium phosphate solution containing
      0.7 M Ca, 1.9 M PO4, and saturated with respect to CaHPO4 . 2H2O, and with a pH
      of 2.0, followed by (2) a 0.52 M fluoride solution, from NaF or SnF2, were
      provided to rats once daily for seven days. The investigation consisted of two
      studies: In the first study, the amounts of dental plaque on the tooth surfaces
      and fluoride concentrations in the outer enamel were assessed seven days after
      the last treatment; in the second study, the extent of dental caries was
      evaluated seven weeks after the last treatment. All rinse sequences containing
      fluoride provided significant caries protection. The acidic calcium phosphate
      treatment markedly enhanced the ability of the enamel to acquire fluoride without
      change of surface morphology. Only the rinse sequences that included stannous
      fluoride showed significant plaque suppression.

PMID- 6595287
TI  - The effects of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and carbachol on oxygen consumption
      in rat sublingual gland slices.
AB  - Epinephrine and carbachol, but not norepinephrine, significantly stimulated
      oxygen consumption in rat sublingual gland slices. The response to epinephrine
      was blocked by phentolamine and yohimbine, while propranolol and prazosin did not
      affect it. The response to carbachol was blocked by atropine. Also, oxygen
      consumption induced by both epinephrine and carbachol was inhibited by verapamil.
      These findings suggest that epinephrine enhanced oxygen consumption in sublingual
      gland slices by activation of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors, while carbachol
      activated muscarinic receptors; activation of both receptors mediated the
      respiratory response by facilitating the entry of extracellular Ca.

PMID- 6595288
TI  - Fracture properties of human enamel and dentin in an aqueous environment.
AB  - SEM fractography and work-of-fracture techniques were used to investigate the
      fracture properties of human enamel and dentin as a function of the temperature
      of an aqueous environment. Both enamel and dentin were found to be anisotropic
      with respect to mechanical failure but were found to have little variation in
      fracture properties with respect to temperatures from 0 degree to 70 degrees C.
      Fractographs of a naturally fractured tooth were consistent with experimental
      findings. The results of this research indicate that natural fracturing of teeth
      probably cannot be explained on the basis of a reduced work of fracture resulting
      from chewing hot or cold foods. It was also shown that if dentin surfaces can be
      kept below 100 degrees C during cavity preparation, the restored tooth will not
      be weakened by an irreversible reduction of its work of fracture.

PMID- 6595289
TI  - Determination of rpm, time, and load used in oral prophylaxis polishing in vivo.
AB  - Clinically relevant values for revolutions per minute (rpm), time, and load
      should be used when one evaluates effects of abrasive slurries on teeth. However,
      in the past, these variables have not been measured in vivo to determine clinical
      means. This study describes an instrument and computer software which monitored
      rpm, time, and load used by 29 clinicians during routine oral prophylaxes
      performed on 76 patients. Grand means and standard deviations determined for the
      three variables were: rpm, mean = 2571 (s = 739): time per tooth surface, mean =
      4.5 sec (s = 2.9); and load, mean = 145 g (s = 66). Mean rpm, time, and load used
      on facial and lingual surfaces of the 32 teeth were also determined. Statistical
      tests showed that rpm was not altered significantly by tooth location, surface,
      or type and amount of deposit, but time was affected significantly by tooth
      location, surface, and amount of calculus; load was affected by tooth location,
      surface, and amount and intensity of stain.

PMID- 6595291
TI  - Controlling bacteremia.

PMID- 6595290
TI  - A comparison of S. mutans prevalence in relation to caries experience in
      Norwegian and immigrant Vietnamese children.
AB  - Vietnamese immigrant and Norwegian children, matched according to caries
      experience, age, and sex, were compared with respect to S. mutans in dental
      plaque and in saliva. Regardless of ethnic group, S. mutans prevalence was
      highest in plaque over caries lesions and from fissures, and lowest in plaque
      from smooth surfaces. The S. mutans distribution appeared very similar in the two
      groups. Only in untreated Vietnamese children were the S. mutans saliva levels
      higher, probably reflecting the numerous untreated caries lesions present in this
      group. After caries treatment, we observed significant reduction in S. mutans
      levels in both saliva and smooth surface plaque.

PMID- 6595293
TI  - Another call for facts.

PMID- 6595292
TI  - Soft drinks and cariogenicity.

PMID- 6595294
TI  - The dentistry-gerontology connection.

PMID- 6595295
TI  - A realistic approach to locating dental practices.
AB  - A realistic approach to locating a dental practice involves the consideration of
      factors affecting the demand for dental services in an area. This dictates
      examination of the demographic and economic determinants of demand. Many retail
      businesses have used this approach to making locational decisions, and dentistry
      should benefit from this same process. If the thesis is accepted that dentistry
      is a business as well as a profession, it follows that the dentist-business
      person must be permitted, indeed expected, to make a reasonable return in revenue
      on the investment of dollars in education, equipment, and other related expenses.
      This return on investment occurs only when there is adequate patient flow. An
      objective procedure to assess demand for dental services at a particular location
      has been described. With this method, students were expected to: Visit the
      community and, through interviews with other professionals and knowledgeable
      business persons, determine the extent of the probable dental service area. The
      service area is circumscribed on a census map. Use the census subdivision numbers
      on the map to secure data from the state data center that describes the area's
      population, in regard to age, race, gender, income, and education. Transfer the
      data to a spreadsheet designed to generate total visits, according to each of the
      demand determinants. Calculate the number of FTE practitioners needed to meet
      this potential demand, and compare this with the number of FTE dentists presently
      practicing in the community. Fourteen senior dental students, who have since
      graduated, have completed this procedure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6595296
TI  - Opinion study comparing attitudes about dental health.

PMID- 6595297
TI  - Masticatory handicap, socioeconomic status, and chronic conditions among adults.
AB  - Analysis of data from some 8,300 adults, ages 25-74, shows an inverse
      relationship between the probability of having a masticatory handicap and
      socioeconomic status: lower socioeconomic status is associated with higher
      probability of having a masticatory handicap. Further, adults with a masticatory
      handicap among the low socioeconomic group have significantly lower intakes,
      adjusted for age, gender, and body mass, of calories and some nutrients than the
      non-handicapped. In the former, there is also a higher probability of three
      dietary-related chronic conditions developing: hypertension, heart attack, and
      diabetes mellitus. A masticatory handicap appears to have little effect on
      nutrient intake or the development of the chronic conditions among the high
      socioeconomic group. The evidence suggests that masticatory handicap is an added
      risk factor among the low socioeconomic group for these chronic conditions.

PMID- 6595299
TI  - Knowledge and attitudes of dentists about fluoridation.

PMID- 6595298
TI  - Comparative study of deflection characteristics and fragility of 25-, 27-, and 30
      gauge short dental needles.

PMID- 6595300
TI  - Acute, life-threatening disease first appearing as odontogenic pain.
AB  - Rapidly spreading rhinocerebral infection by Phycomycetes (mucormycosis) in a
      diabetic patient with ketoacidosis is described. The dentist and dental
      specialists should be alert to the early signs and symptoms of this disease as
      they evaluate and follow patients who are debilitated and who have odontogenic
      pain. It cannot be overemphasized that a successful outcome is critically
      dependent on early recognition and prompt therapy, especially in a person with
      diabetic acidosis as death may occur within 2-5 days after the first symptoms
      appear.

PMID- 6595301
TI  - Grenada 1984: health care 3 months after the US intervention.

PMID- 6595302
TI  - Continuing education course listing January to June 1985. Department of
      Membership and Continuing Education Records.

PMID- 6595303
TI  - Dentistry on stamps.

PMID- 6595304
TI  - The use of enzyme tablets to control grade III GPC with PMMA lenses.

PMID- 6595305
TI  - Anorexia, a recessive mutation causing starvation in preweanling mice.
AB  - A new autosomal recessive lethal mutation in mice, anorexia (anx), located close
      to pallid (pa) on chromosome (chr) 2, is described. Mutant mice are characterized
      by growth failure, an emaciated appearance, and abnormal behavior including
      headweaving, body tremors, uncoordinated gait, and hyperactivity during the late
      preweanling period. Data suggest that the mutant mice are not ingesting the
      levels of nutrients necessary to sustain life. This mutation may provide an
      important tool for studying the neurobiology of suckling behavior in the
      preweanling animal.

PMID- 6595306
TI  - Case of the month. Secondary syphilis.

PMID- 6595307
TI  - Interpret your X-rays. Giant cell tumor associated with hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 6595308
TI  - Burkitt's lymphoma of jaws.

PMID- 6595309
TI  - Calcified bodies in the pulp--a report of four unusual cases.

PMID- 6595310
TI  - Ossifying fibroma of the mandible: case report.

PMID- 6595311
TI  - Ectopic supernumerary with a mesiodent--a short case report.

PMID- 6595312
TI  - [Diseases of the mouth mucosa and causative systemic diseases].

PMID- 6595314
TI  - [Microparticle filled resins (MFR)].

PMID- 6595313
TI  - [Measurement of lateral tooth length].

PMID- 6595315
TI  - [Importance of the role of the receptionist in the dental clinic].

PMID- 6595316
TI  - [Future of dentistry--search for survival: a discussion].

PMID- 6595317
TI  - [Caries prevention: our status and international trends].

PMID- 6595318
TI  - [Application of lasers in dentistry].

PMID- 6595319
TI  - [Adverse effects of dental anesthetics].

PMID- 6595320
TI  - [Clinical significance of new tumor marker CA 125 in gynecological cancer-
      particularly usefulness in diagnosis of ovarian cancer].
AB  - A concentration in sera of a new antigen CA125 related to cancer of the ovary was
      measured by radioimmunoassay which used a monoclonal antibody, and its usefulness
      as a tumor marker in the diagnosis of cancer of the ovary was investigated. The
      mean values for CA125 in sera of healthy controls (80 females) were 14.2 +/- 12.2
      U/ml. Mean values for CA125 in sera of various patients were 29.0 +/- 39.6 for
      myoma uteri (30 cases), 26.7 +/- 30.1 for benign ovarian tumors (10 cases), 64.4
      +/- 146.2 for cervical carcinoma (14 cases), and 31.5 +/- 19.8 for endometrial
      carcinoma (6 cases), whereas the mean values for ovarian cancers (23 cases) were
      as high as 311.3 +/- 250.4. On the other hand, positive rates for CA125, when the
      cut-off value was set to 65 U/ml, were 1.3% for healthy controls (1 out of 80
      cases), 10.0% for myoma uteri (3 out of 30 cases), 10.0% for benign ovarian
      tumors (1 out of 10 cases), 14.3% for cervical carcinoma (2 out of 14 cases), and
      16.7% for endometrial carcinoma (1 out of 6 cases), whereas the positive rate for
      ovarian cancers was 78.3% (18 out of 23 cases). Especially for serous
      cystadenocarcinoma, the positive rate was 100% (10 out of 10 cases). From the
      above, the measurement of CA125 in sera was considered to be significant in the
      diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

PMID- 6595322
TI  - [Detection of CA-125 antigen (non-mucinous ovarian cancer antigen)-- in serum of
      patients with gynecological malignancies].

PMID- 6595321
TI  - [The influences of prostaglandin E2 on hormones in maternal-fetoplacental unit].
AB  - The influences of PGE2 on hormones in maternal-fetoplacental unit and the
      initiation of labor were studied in full term pregnant women. PGE 2 (500
      micrograms, 1tab.) was administered every hour, 6 times and serum unconjugated
      estriol (E3), progesterone (P), human placental lactogen (hPL), prolactin (Prl)
      and cortisol (C) were assayed before and during PGE2 administration. In 13
      pregnant women (Group A) in whom uterine contractions were induced, E3, hPL and C
      were higher, though not significantly, than those in 6 women (Group B) in whom
      uterine contractions did not occur. On the other hand the P level in Group A was
      lower than in Group B. E3 levels during PGE2 administration rose slightly in both
      groups. P decreased 16.8% of basal levels in Group A, 7.3% in Group B. Prl
      decreases were 11.7% and 24.8%, respectively. These drops were not as significant
      as the changes in hPL and C. These results suggest that the method and dosage of
      PGE2 used in this study do not affect hormonal regulations in the maternal
      fetoplacental unit and that we may use hormonal levels as an indicator of fetal
      well-being even during PGE2 administration.

PMID- 6595323
TI  - [Tissue polypeptide antigen in thyroid cancer].

PMID- 6595324
TI  - [A case of granulocytic sarcoma with near tetraploidy and pleural and pericardial
      effusions as initial manifestations].

PMID- 6595325
TI  - [Histological observations on the structure of the lateral wall of the human
      temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6595326
TI  - [Histogenetic studies on the teeth of the marble gourami. (Trichogaster
      trichopterus)].

PMID- 6595327
TI  - [Clinical and microbial estimation of the effect of coupling sugar, sorbose and
      xylitol rinses on the early dental plaque formation in man].

PMID- 6595328
TI  - [The change of craniofacial growth of 2 patients with achondroplasia].

PMID- 6595329
TI  - [The light and electron microscopic study of the fusion of facial prominences].

PMID- 6595330
TI  - [Structures of the dental cuticle].

PMID- 6595331
TI  - [New direct bonding bracket for oral surgery].

PMID- 6595332
TI  - [Kinetics of maxillary teeth].

PMID- 6595333
TI  - [Wearing-cut of composite resins for molar].

PMID- 6595334
TI  - [Intra-ligamental dental anesthesia].

PMID- 6595335
TI  - [Role of the periosteum on the mandibular development in the rat].

PMID- 6595336
TI  - [Organ culture for the study of amelogenesis].

PMID- 6595337
TI  - [Transition from sucking to chewing].

PMID- 6595338
TI  - Differential lung ventilation.

PMID- 6595339
TI  - Headache study #1--July, 1984.

PMID- 6595340
TI  - One perio point of view.

PMID- 6595341
TI  - On the hypolipemic properties of bendaline.
AB  - Bendaline, like tiadenol, clofibrate and clofibric acid generally inhibits: a)
      some hyperlipemias and lipoidoses induced by either an increased exogenous supply
      of lipids or the stimulation of cholesterol synthesis or mobilization of lipids;
      b) platelet aggregation in vitro.

PMID- 6595342
TI  - Effect of sodium meclofenamate on radiation-induced esophagitis and cystitis.
AB  - Stumptailed monkeys (Macaca arctoides) received 2000 rad irradiation to the upper
      half of the esophagus and to the bladder by a 6-MEV linear accelerator. Endoscopy
      and biopsy was obtained from these organs weekly for 3 weeks. At the end of this
      period, the animals were autopsied and histopathologic examination undertaken.
      Sodium meclofenamate in doses of 5-20 mg/kg/day p.os was found effective in
      reducing or preventing radiation induced esophagitis and cystitis.

PMID- 6595344
TI  - Mechanisms of intestinal electrolyte transport and regulation by calcium.
      Proceedings of a conference, Santa Ynez Valley, California, September 26-30,
      1983.

PMID- 6595345
TI  - Coupled NaCl transport: cotransport or parallel ion exchange?
AB  - In recent years it has become apparent that at least part of the transcellular
      movements of Na and Cl are linked by a process or processes which couple the
      entry of Na to Cl across the apical cell membrane of the intestinal cell. In some
      tissues, eg, gallbladder and renal tubule, this coupled transport of Na and Cl
      may be the predominant electrolyte-transporting mechanism. Studies in rabbit
      ileal brush-border membrane vesicles present evidence for a coupled NaCl process
      that has the same ionic specificities and similar kinetics as the processes
      demonstrated by influx techniques across the apical membrane of the intact
      epithelium. However, the vesicles also exhibit Na:H and Cl:HCO3 exchange
      processes and the inhibitors thought to be specific for either the NaCl
      cotransport system (loop diuretics), for the Na:H exchange (high-dose amiloride),
      or for the Cl:HCO3 exchange (disulfonic stilbenes such as SITS or DIDS), do not
      prove to be so. It is possible that all three processes could be present in
      intestinal brush-border membranes. Furthermore, the techniques of isolating
      vesicles could uncouple or otherwise inhibit the coupled NaCl process.
      Nonetheless, the preponderance of evidence at this time indicates that parallel
      ion exchangers of Na:H and Cl:HCO3, as initially suggested by Turnberg et al [4],
      account for coupled NaCl transport in rabbit ileum. Additional studies will be
      necessary to determine if this is the only mechanism in the intestinal apical
      membrane and whether this conclusion applies to other tissues such as gallbladder
      and renal tubule.

PMID- 6595343
TI  - Cells expressing Ia antigens in the avian thymus.
AB  - The various cell types expressing Ia antigens in the chick and quail thymus have
      been studied by means of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) prepared by using chick and
      quail thymic adherent cells (macrophages and dendritic cells) as immunogens.
      Three reagents were selected by the following criteria: (a) they react with a
      surface determinant carried by thymic adherent cells and bursal lymphocytes, (b)
      they can be used to immunoprecipitate from spleen cell membrane extracts
      molecular entities of an apparent molecular weight close to 55,000, which can be
      fractionated into monomers at approximately 30,000 mol wt in dissociating
      conditions. Among these three reagents, two are strictly species specific, i.e.,
      they recognize either chick (TaPl) or quail (TaCl) Ia determinants, whereas the
      third, TaC2, recognizes both chick and quail Ia molecules. Chimeric thymuses in
      which the epithelioconnective stroma is derived from the quail thymic primordium
      and the whole hemopoietic cell population (lymphocytes and accessory cells) are
      of chick origin were constructed as previously described by our group (20). The
      different mAb were applied on normal (quail and chick) and chimeric thymuses. It
      appears that the thymus is divided into two compartments in terms of the nature
      of cells expressing Ia: the cortex, in which class II antigens are exclusively
      expressed by endodermal epithelial cells, and the medulla, where the majority of
      nonlymphoid cells are Ia-positive cells of hemopoietic origin. A few epithelial
      cells only are present in the thymic medulla. They are closely intricated with
      the sessile Ia-positive cells, whose precursors penetrate the thymus along with
      the lymphocyte progenitors and which are renewed in the course of thymic
      development. In contrast, the epithelial reticulum, expressing Ia both in the
      cortex and medulla, contributes a stable thymic component. During early thymic
      ontogeny, the hemopoietic cells expressed detectable levels of Ia antigen before
      the epithelial cell network.

PMID- 6595346
TI  - Measurement of intracellular free calcium with Ca2+-selective microelectrodes:
      problems and techniques.

PMID- 6595347
TI  - Criticisms and limitations of current transport studies with isolated membrane
      vesicles.

PMID- 6595348
TI  - Vesicle studies of intestinal electrolyte transport.

PMID- 6595349
TI  - Reconstitution of epithelial transport systems.

PMID- 6595350
TI  - Effects of different forms of central nervous system prophylaxis on
      neuropsychologic function in childhood leukemia.
AB  - A comparison of the late effects on intellectual and neuropsychologic function of
      three different CNS "prophylaxis" regimens was conducted in 104 patients treated
      for childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia. Of the children studied, 33 were
      randomized to treatment with intrathecal (IT) methotrexate alone, 36 to IT
      methotrexate plus 2,400 rad cranial irradiation, and 35 to IT methotrexate plus
      intravenous intermediate dose methotrexate. All patients were in their first
      (complete) continuous remission, were a minimum of one year post-CNS prophylaxis
      and had no evidence of CNS disease at the time of evaluation. In contrast to the
      other two treatment groups, children whose CNS prophylaxis included cranial
      irradiation attained significantly lower mean Full Scale IQs (P less than .001),
      performed more poorly on the Wide Range Achievement Test, a measure of school
      abilities, and exhibited a greater number of difficulties on a variety of other
      neuropsychologic measures. The poorer performance of the irradiated group was
      independent of sex of the patient, time since treatment and age at diagnosis.
      These data suggest that the addition of 2,400 rad cranial irradiation to CNS
      prophylaxis in ALL puts these children at greater risk for mild global loss in
      intellectual and neuropsychologic ability.

PMID- 6595351
TI  - Tweed's diagnostic facial triangle for north Indian pre-school children.

PMID- 6595352
TI  - Correlation of gingival health and intelligence quotient level.

PMID- 6595353
TI  - Efficacy of acidulated phosphate fluoride in the prevention of dental caries--a 2
      1/2 years study.

PMID- 6595354
TI  - Talon cusp--a prevalence study.

PMID- 6595355
TI  - A comparative study of the compressive strength, clinical features and scanning
      electron microscopic features of two dental amalgam alloys.

PMID- 6595356
TI  - Effect of micronutrients in drinking water on dental caries experience in real
      life situation.

PMID- 6595357
TI  - Tweed's norms for north Indian preadolescent children.

PMID- 6595358
TI  - Inter-comparison of prevalence and severity of dental caries in urban and rural
      areas of northern India.

PMID- 6595359
TI  - Dental caries and periapical pathology associated with talon cusp.

PMID- 6595360
TI  - Surgical positioning of an impacted maxillary central incisor.

PMID- 6595361
TI  - Supernumerary tooth in the hard palate--an unusual case report.

PMID- 6595362
TI  - Modified space maintainers.

PMID- 6595363
TI  - A national survey of women's attitudes toward preventive dental behavior.

PMID- 6595364
TI  - Hepatitis B virus infection in oral surgery.

PMID- 6595365
TI  - Retirement planning for the professional under TEFRA.

PMID- 6595366
TI  - External (cervical) root resorption. A case report.

PMID- 6595367
TI  - Teeth avulsed by traumatic injuries.

PMID- 6595369
TI  - PPOs--some legal considerations.

PMID- 6595368
TI  - Preventive public health dental programs in New Jersey.

PMID- 6595370
TI  - Retirement investment management for the solo practitioner.

PMID- 6595371
TI  - Restoration of an anterior tooth with internal resorption utilizing forced
      extrusion: a case report.

PMID- 6595372
TI  - Dental care issues primer for the dental profession.

PMID- 6595373
TI  - Duplicating radiographs.

PMID- 6595374
TI  - Impression material--a cost comparison.

PMID- 6595375
TI  - In vivo evaluation of occlusal wear of two experimental composites versus
      amalgam.
AB  - Two experimental inhomogeneous microfilled composites with spherical
      prepolymerized particles and an interpenetrating network (IPN), which provides a
      stable bond between prepolymerized spheres and the matrix (B-21 and B-51), and
      amalgam were used for Class II MOD fillings in mandibular molars. After 3 and 6
      months of clinical use, wear of the material was measured with a replica
      technique and a modified surface roughness test. The failure mode was analysed
      with SEM photographs also using a replica technique. After 6 months the wear of
      the composites in the occlusal contact area was more than twice as high as the
      substance loss of amalgam. It was concluded that the composites were not suitable
      for fillings bearing occlusal load. However, the failure mode seen in the SEM for
      B-21 indicated that the IPM leads to a stable incorporation of the spherical
      prepolymerized particles into the matrix. Due to its good surface characteristics
      B-21 should be further investigated for its use as an anterior composite. B-51
      was especially designed as a posterior composite. Beside the construction
      elements of B-21 it contained also barium glass spheres to obtain radiopacity.
      This hybrid construction failed due its wear mode.

PMID- 6595376
TI  - Relationship of electromyographic parameters in jaw dysfunction patients
      classified according to Helkimo's index.
AB  - Forty-two jaw pain-dysfunction syndrome patients (PDS) were divided into three
      groups depending on the severity of their condition using the Helkimo clinical
      dysfunction index. For both the left and right masseter and anterior temporal
      muscles three parameters of their electromyographic activity were measured, the
      silent period (SP), the root mean square value (RMS) and the mean power frequency
      (MPF). During the experiments the patients were instructed to clench as hard as
      possible in the intercuspal position. No statistically significant differences
      could be found between the values for any of the muscles measured between the
      different Helkimo clinical dysfunction groups. However, when the affected side
      was compared with the unaffected side in this patient material, statistically
      significant longer silent period durations and greater RMS values were found in
      the masseter muscles of the affected side group.

PMID- 6595377
TI  - Distribution of nocturnal bruxing patterns in man.
AB  - The distribution of nocturnal bruxing patterns in nine subjects was recorded and
      interpreted in accordance with current concepts of sleep physiology. Few bruxing
      events were seen in the first 2 h of sleep but peak periods were identified
      during the night. The findings suggested that bruxism and REM sleep were closely
      associated and pointed towards a central aetiology for bruxing activity.

PMID- 6595378
TI  - Splinting of teeth with fixed bridges: biological effect.
AB  - Forty abutment teeth with pathological mobility were splinted with telescoped
      removable bridges. During the first 4 weeks the bridges were fixed. From the
      beginning of the fifth week they were removed once a day. Mobility was measured
      prior to placing the bridges and at 4 and 10 weeks intervals. Average mobility of
      the abutment teeth and the control unsplinted teeth did not change significantly
      during the experimental period.

PMID- 6595379
TI  - In vitro plaque formation on dental amalgam.
AB  - A previously described method for the study of in vitro microbial plaque
      formation on dental materials has been utilized to assess microbial adhesion and
      growth on five commercially available dental amalgams. Variations in both the
      amount and viability of the microbial plaques was found between the various types
      of amalgams.

PMID- 6595380
TI  - The influence of stimulus type and stimulus strength on the silent period in
      human masticatory muscles.
AB  - The silent period in the jaw-closing muscles of nine healthy subjects was
      investigated. The stimulus types used were the open-close-clench movement (OCC),
      the mechanical chin tap and electrical skin stimulation. Irrespective of the jaw
      closing speed for the OCC movements only the unmeasurable and single type silent
      periods were observed. Increasing the chin tap strength resulted in a decreasing
      percentage of single type silent periods and an increasing number of depressed,
      double and merged silent periods. The duration of the short and combined silent
      period was shorter for the OCC movements than for the chin taps. For the chin
      taps an increasing stimulus strength resulted in longer silent periods. Only the
      transition from hard to painful chin tap showed a slight, but significant
      decrease in short silent period duration. The beginning of the late inhibitory
      period, which could sometimes be evoked by electrical skin stimulation, coincided
      with the beginning of the second inhibitory phase of the chin-tap evoked double
      silent period. The long silent period as shown by one of the subjects cast doubt
      on the validity of the relationship between silent period duration and TMJ
      dysfunction.

PMID- 6595381
TI  - Enamel dissolution and fluoride uptake from sugar solutions.
AB  - Solubility studies and fluoride uptake by enamel powder in xylitol-buffered
      solutions versus sucrose- and glucose-buffered solutions were carried out. The
      studies were done at a pH range of 4-8. The enamel solubility in the xylitol
      media was similar to the enamel solubility in the other sugar solutions-
      increasing with a decreasing pH. The solubility of enamel in the buffered sugar
      solutions was significantly lower as compared to the solubility in the sugar-free
      buffered solutions--up to the pH of 6. At the pH values of 7 and 8 the amounts of
      solubility were similar for the experimental and control solutions. No
      significant differences were found in the fluoride uptake by the enamel powder
      from the fluoride-containing sugar solutions at the pH values of 6 and 7.5
      respectively. The results point to the conclusion that the xylitol does not
      differ from sucrose and glucose in its effect on enamel powder solubility and the
      uptake of fluoride ions by enamel.

PMID- 6595382
TI  - Observations on a calcium hydroxide lining in retrieved deciduous teeth, with
      proximal amalgam fillings.
AB  - The integrity and thickness of Dycal linings were determined on exfoliated
      deciduous teeth in which proximal fillings had been placed in vivo. The teeth
      remained in the oral cavity for more than 18 months after placement of the
      restorations. The average lining thickness was found to be 114 microns. One-third
      of the samples showed evidence for the presence of Dycal at the gingival floor,
      up to the proximal tooth wall. Wash-out of the lining was observed for most teeth
      in which Dycal had been present near the proximal tooth wall. Incipient caries
      formation, associated with wash-out of the lining, was noted in a few samples.
      Contact between amalgam and dentine was frequently observed at the line angle,
      pulpal floor and axial wall.

PMID- 6595383
TI  - Microprobe analysis of dental amalgam alloy particles of Ag-Cu eutectic
      composition.
AB  - An electron microprobe was used to investigate the composition and microstructure
      of commercially available, and experimental dental amalgam alloy particles of
      approximately Ag-Cu eutectic composition. The method of alloy and amalgam
      specimen preparation and the technique used in microprobe analysis have been
      briefly outlined. The dispersant particles in one commercial alloy were of Ag-Cu
      eutectic composition (28.1% Cu), in another commercial alloy they were Cu-rich
      (31% Cu). Although the dispersant particles were predominantly of uniform
      appearance, there was evidence in some particles of an internal structure
      pattern, small spherical inclusions or voids. The possible composition of the Cu
      rich inclusions was investigated using particles from an experimental alloy of
      approximately Ag-Cu eutectic composition.

PMID- 6595384
TI  - Emergency kits for the dental practitioner.

PMID- 6595385
TI  - CPR--is it important to know?

PMID- 6595386
TI  - Comparative growth patterns of blastomatoid and malignant growths.

PMID- 6595387
TI  - Preventive malpractice.

PMID- 6595388
TI  - Ethics in dentistry: devising a code for all reasons.

PMID- 6595389
TI  - Marginal leakage of visible light-cured composite resin restorations.

PMID- 6595390
TI  - Effect of interocclusal records on transverse axis position.

PMID- 6595391
TI  - Incidence of the maxillary midline diastema in adults.

PMID- 6595392
TI  - Relation of finish to discoloration of composite resins.

PMID- 6595393
TI  - Changes in mechanical properties and microstructure following heat treatment of a
      nickel-chromium base alloy.
AB  - Heat treatment of a nickel-chromium base metal alloy produced changes (percent
      elongation, ultimate tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, yield strength, and
      hardness) that simulated properties of various types of noble metal alloys.
      Further research is indicated to determine if the properties of a base metal
      alloy can be altered by heat treatment or other means to enable its use for a
      wide variety of fixed dental restorations.

PMID- 6595394
TI  - Observations on the histologic features of the human edentulous ridge. Part III:
      Bone.

PMID- 6595395
TI  - Factors related to the acceptance of facial prostheses.

PMID- 6595396
TI  - Relationship between occlusal contacts and jaw-closing muscle activity during
      tooth clenching: Part II.

PMID- 6595397
TI  - Functional adaptation to changes in vertical dimension.
AB  - The traditional concept of PP stability defies neurophysiologic explanation.
      Conversely, the hypothesis presented to explain the rapid adaptation of jaw
      elevator postural tonus to sudden change of vertical dimension is in accordance
      with research of automotized motor behavior. Furthermore, there is no logical
      reason to believe that maladaptive reactions develop after prolonged procedures
      that increase the vertical dimension of occlusion. Rather, Goldspink reports that
      within a few weeks complete normalization probably occurs. Jaw muscle motor
      behavior is more dynamic and adaptable to environmental changes than has been
      believed.

PMID- 6595398
TI  - Technique for using an acrylic resin insert to simulate a cartilaginous structure
      in a silicone prosthetic ear.

PMID- 6595399
TI  - Ear-banking: a time-saving method to assist in patient rehabilitation.

PMID- 6595400
TI  - Disordered molecules and diseased minds.
AB  - This paper reviews problems associated with the concept of causation in
      interpreting relationships between altered biochemical measures and psychiatric
      states, and critically reanalyses claims for biochemical and genetic "markers" in
      depression and schizophrenia.

PMID- 6595402
TI  - Biological markers in mental disorders: an overview.

PMID- 6595401
TI  - Drugs: guide and caveats to explanatory and descriptive approaches--II. Drugs in
      psychiatric research.
AB  - Over the last two decades animal models, mediators and drugs have produced a mass
      of experimental data difficult to relate to the epidemiological and clinical side
      of psychiatric disorders. Antidepressant drugs are chosen as a model case to
      describe a more general scene: far from being a specific tool--a guide--in a
      complex situation, these drugs are acquiring a role which must be interpreted
      with caution (a caveat), in view of ample clinical evidence of responders to
      placebo, responders to any drugs, responders to many drugs, etc. Studies of
      biochemical descriptors of drug action as a marker of the disease and its outcome
      have drawn puzzling pictures, often contradictory and unstable in terms of the
      populations to whom they can be applied. Controlled clinical trials with
      antidepressant drugs over the last ten years have persisted in looking for short
      term pharmacological effects rather than the medium- or long-term impact of
      medication in large populations. To establish a positive role for antidepressant
      drugs, they must be studied in a "natural" context where depressed patients are
      treated with all necessary follow-up.

PMID- 6595403
TI  - The practical duties of frontier dental auxiliaries in Alaskan communities: a
      progress report.

PMID- 6595404
TI  - A community-based dental program for older adults.
AB  - The planning and implementation of a community-based outreach program for older
      adults is described. Objectives of the program were to provide dental health
      education to older persons at their place of residence, to improve access to
      dental care for that population, and to increase the number of older adults
      treated at a dental facility administered by the Department of Community
      Dentistry, University of Michigan. Data collected during encounters with
      participants are reported to supplement the description of the program. In the
      first year, 98 older adults (mean age 71.3 years) participated in the outreach
      program which was directed by a dental hygienist. Of those persons whose initial
      encounter was with the outreach program, 47 percent eventually contacted the
      dental care facility and 36 percent completed treatment. Persons who elected to
      seek treatment average 3.9 encounters with the hygienist during the program;
      persons who did not seek treatment averaged 2.2 encounters. Strengths and
      weaknesses of the program are discussed.

PMID- 6595405
TI  - Dental health education--a question of values.

PMID- 6595406
TI  - Studies on ovarian prostaglandin production in relation to ovulation in the rat.
AB  - Prostaglandin (PG) and thromboxane (TX) synthesizing capacities of the rat ovary
      were measured at 4-h intervals during the 4-day oestrous cycle of the rat.
      Production of PGE-2, PGF-2 alpha, 6-oxo-PGF-1 alpha and TXB-2 increased 5-fold,
      1.6-fold, 1.7-fold and 1.7-fold, respectively, between 18:00 h on the day of pro
      oestrus and 02:00 h at oestrus. This preferential stimulation of ovarian PGE-2
      production, after the ovulatory surge of LH before ovulation, provides further
      evidence for the involvement of ovarian PGE-2 in ovulation in the rat. These
      increases in ovarian PG production were not due to differences in arachidonic
      acid availability, PG metabolism, or the interconversion of PGE-2 and PGF-2
      alpha. In addition, the greater stimulation of PGE-2 synthesis was not due to an
      increase in PGH-2 to PGE-2 synthetase activity. It is concluded that the
      ovulatory LH surge late in the afternoon of pro-oestrus in the rat causes an
      increase in ovarian cyclo-oxygenase (PGH-2 synthetase) activity with the majority
      of the PGH-2 synthesized being directed into the PGE-2-forming pathway.

PMID- 6595407
TI  - Hearing and vestibular abnormalities in primary fibrositis syndrome.
AB  - A prospective neurootological study of 30 cases of primary fibrositis syndrome
      (PFS) and 30 sex and age matched healthy volunteers was performed. Results showed
      that 70% of the PFS patients had decreased painful sound threshold, 40%
      hyperreactivity of perrotatory nystagmus without neurological or peripheral
      vestibular lesions, and 27% asymptomatic sensorineural hearing loss at low
      frequencies. Such abnormal data were not found in the matched controls. These
      findings suggest that otological problems may be part of the nonrheumatic
      features encountered in PFS.

PMID- 6595408
TI  - Quantitative joint imaging using 67gallium citrate in a rabbit model of zymosan
      induced arthritis.
AB  - The intensity of synovitis induced by the intraarticular injection of 70 mg of
      zymosan into rabbit knee joints was assessed using the radiopharmaceutical
      67gallium citrate (67Ga). Maximal uptake of 67Ga was observed 5 days after
      zymosan administration. The distribution of 67Ga in the intraarticular and
      paraarticular structures was quantitated and highest concentrations were found in
      the synovial membrane. The short term quantitative evaluation of zymosan induced
      arthritis is possible using scintigraphic technique.

PMID- 6595410
TI  - Reducing the risk of dental X-ray exposures.

PMID- 6595409
TI  - A linkage study between HLA and cutaneous malignant melanoma or precursor lesions
      or both.
AB  - In seven pedigrees displaying the familial atypical multiple mole-melanoma
      (FAMMM) syndrome, three successive linkage analyses were performed between HLA
      and an assumed dominant gene determining respectively each of the following
      affected phenotypes: (1) precursor lesions, (2) cutaneous malignant melanoma
      (CMM), and (3) precursor lesions or CMM or both. Close linkage could be excluded
      in (1) and (3). However, if the transmission of malignant melanoma itself were
      assumed to be due to a single gene different from the one responsible for
      precursor lesions, a maximum lod score of 1.64 was observed at a recombination
      fraction of 5%, assuming low penetrance values. These different results are
      discussed in respect to the possible mechanisms causing the familial distribution
      of these traits. Two alternative hypotheses were proposed. Either the FAMMM
      syndrome is a rare genetic entity not closely linked to HLA or the association
      and transmission of precursor lesions and CMM in families are due to several
      factors among which HLA might play a role.

PMID- 6595411
TI  - Maternal deaths in New Jersey--1982.

PMID- 6595412
TI  - Aortic and mitral valve replacement: Part 1.

PMID- 6595413
TI  - Actinomycosis.

PMID- 6595414
TI  - The Alternative Medical Liability Act: proposed solution to the malpractice
      problem.

PMID- 6595416
TI  - Federal prospective payment and the NJ demonstration waiver.

PMID- 6595415
TI  - Malpractice rates and awards.

PMID- 6595417
TI  - Compulsive gambling.

PMID- 6595418
TI  - New Jersey combats compulsive gambling.

PMID- 6595419
TI  - Aortic and mitral valve replacement: Part 2.

PMID- 6595420
TI  - Dialysis for end-stage renal disease.

PMID- 6595422
TI  - Endosonics--a new dimension in root canal therapy.

PMID- 6595421
TI  - Site-specific phasing in the chromatin of the rDNA in Dictyostelium discoideum.
AB  - The rDNA in Dictyostelium discoideum is organized in linear, extrachromosomal,
      palindromic dimers of approximately 88 X 10(3) bases in length. The dimers are
      repeated about 90 times per haploid genome. Using indirect end-labeling, we have
      mapped micrococcal nuclease and DNAase I-sensitive sites in the chromatin near
      the rDNA telomeres. This region is 3' to the 36 S rRNA coding region and contains
      a single 5 S rRNA cistron but is primarily non-coding. We have observed somewhat
      irregularly spaced but specific phasing of nuclease-sensitive sites relative to
      the underlying DNA sequence. Comparison of the sites in chromatin with those in
      naked DNA reveals an unusual and striking pattern: the sites in naked DNA that
      are attacked most readily by both nucleases, presumably because of the
      specificity of the nucleases for certain sequences or physical characteristics of
      the DNA, appear to be the same sites that are most protected in chromatin. This
      pattern extends over most of a 10(4) base region, from the sequence immediately
      distal to the 36 S rRNA coding region and extending to the terminus. Although
      much of the sequence-specific phasing is irregularly spaced, salt extraction data
      are consistent with the presence of nucleosomes. In addition, phasing in the
      terminal region may be directed partially by proteins that do not bind DNA as
      tightly as do core histones. We present a model for phasing in spacer regions in
      which the sequence preferences of nucleases such as micrococcal nuclease and
      DNAase I may be useful tools in predicting nucleosome placement.

PMID- 6595423
TI  - Transient, marked, unexplained elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase.
AB  - Five children, aged 16 to 38 months, were found to have serum alkaline
      phosphatase levels seven to 30 times the upper limit of the reference range.
      Studies suggested a skeletal origin for the enzyme. No other abnormalities or
      explanations for the unusual enzyme levels were found. The enzyme levels returned
      to the reference range. A retrospective review of the records of 74 children with
      lymphoblastic leukemia, who were 2 to 4 years of age at diagnosis, disclosed only
      four cases of transient, isolated serum alkaline phosphatase elevation similar in
      degree to those described herein. The review covered 661 patient-years follow-up
      and 2,417 enzyme measurements. Benign, transient hyperphosphatasemia is a rarely
      recognized clinical entity. Awareness of this condition should curtail the
      extensive evaluation that may follow the detection of such an abnormality.

PMID- 6595424
TI  - [Chromosomal findings as a prognostic indicator following acute crisis of chronic
      myelogenous leukemia].

PMID- 6595425
TI  - [Prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, developing isolated testicular
      involvement at late relapse].

PMID- 6595426
TI  - [46, XX, dir ins (2;11)(q11;q13q23) in an infant with acute monoblastic
      leukemia].

PMID- 6595427
TI  - [Iris involvement and leukemic hypopyon in adult acute monocytic leukemia. A case
      report].

PMID- 6595428
TI  - [A case of acute leukemia that showed differentiation stage of myelocyte].

PMID- 6595429
TI  - [Recurrence of acute myeloid leukemia after 13 years of complete remission].

PMID- 6595430
TI  - [A case of childhood leukemia associated with transient pancytopenia and diabetes
      insipidus during the clinical course].

PMID- 6595431
TI  - [An autopsy case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with disseminated phycomycosis
      and aspergillosis].

PMID- 6595433
TI  - [Muscular glycogenosis].

PMID- 6595432
TI  - [2 cases of splenic malignancy].

PMID- 6595434
TI  - [In vitro release of arachidonate metabolites by human alveolar macrophages].

PMID- 6595435
TI  - Protease inhibitors as anticarcinogens.

PMID- 6595436
TI  - A mortality study of 11,500 nickel workers.
AB  - A historical prospective mortality study was conducted at a nickel company with
      mines, mills, and a smelter in Ontario, Canada. All men were included in the
      study who worked for a total of at least 6 months and were employed at some time
      between 1950 and 1976. Mortality was ascertained and observed number of deaths
      (O) were compared with expected number of deaths (E), on the basis of the person
      years method with the use of rates for Ontario males. There were 804 O compared
      to 743 E (P less than .001). However, the excess was more than accounted for by
      the increase in accidental and violent deaths (O = 242; E = 150). Deaths from
      circulatory diseases and all cancers were roughly equal to E. Laryngeal cancer
      mortality was significantly increased due to an excess in miners (O = 4; E =
      1.00). Lung cancer mortality was somewhat increased (O = 46; E = 37.5); no nasal
      cancers were observed. Three deaths were due to pneumoconiosis. Sinter plant
      workers showed a significant increase of cancer deaths (O = 13; E = 6.7; P =
      .015).

PMID- 6595437
TI  - Relationship of ethnicity and other prognostic factors to breast cancer survival
      patterns in Hawaii.
AB  - The survival experience of 2,956 invasive breast carcinoma cases identified among
      the 5 major ethnic groups in Hawaii between 1960 and 1979 was studied. The study
      population consisted of 1,174 Caucasian, 972 Japanese, 458 Hawaiian, 226 Chinese,
      and 126 Filipino women. A multivariate analysis based on the proportional hazards
      regression model revealed that after simultaneous adjustment for stage of
      disease, age, and socioeconomic status (SES), Filipino and Hawaiian patients had
      significantly poorer survival than Japanese and Caucasian patients. Hawaiian
      women also had a significantly poorer survival than Chinese women. Survival was
      higher in patients between the ages of 45 and 54 years compared to those younger
      or older, in patients with localized tumors compared to those with more advanced
      tumors, and in patients with middle or high SES compared to those with the low
      SES. Histology and marital status were not associated with survival. The
      possibility that other factors such as obesity, estrogen receptor status,
      treatment, and nutritional and hormonal status could explain the remaining
      observed racial differences in breast cancer survival is discussed.

PMID- 6595438
TI  - Epidemiology of minimal breast cancer among women screened in New York City.
AB  - A case-control study based on a screened population in New York City examined
      epidemiologic risk factor differences between minimal breast cancer (in situ and
      small invasive carcinomas) and all other breast carcinomas, referred to as
      clinical breast cancer. Histopathologic re-review of the original slides
      identified 113 minimal and 792 clinical breast cancers among 1,290 eligible
      cases; 2,173 randomly selected screenees served as controls. Among those who
      developed cancer, black women were twice as likely to develop minimal, as
      compared to clinical, breast cancer. Women who were less than 20 years of age at
      first live birth had more than double the probability of being diagnosed with
      minimal breast cancer, whereas women with first live birth at age 30 years or
      greater and nulliparous women were at 1.5 times the risk of clinical breast
      cancer. The relative proportion of minimal breast cancer increased with
      increasing number of children breast fed, being twofold among women who nursed 2
      children or more. Unlike clinical breast cancer, minimal breast cancer was not
      associated with either family history of breast cancer or obesity. Meaningful
      histologic differences were not apparent between the case subgroups. Except
      possibly for obesity, these results could not be explained by any plausible
      diagnostic bias.

PMID- 6595439
TI  - Large intestinal carcinogenesis. I. Promotional effect of dietary fatty acid
      isomers in the rat model.
AB  - For evaluation of the promotional effects of dietary trans-fatty acids on large
      intestinal carcinogenesis, 120 inbred female F344 rats were divided into 6 groups
      and fed a 25% elaidic acid diet, a 25% oleic acid diet, or a regular (4.5% fat)
      chow diet. Ninety animals, 30 per dietary group, received weekly im injections of
      azoxymethane (2 mg/kg; CAS: 25843-45-2). None of the 30 saline-injected control
      animals, 10 per dietary group, fed any of the three diets developed tumors. There
      were twice as many animals with adenocarcinoma of the large intestine from the
      trans-fatty acid diet group as compared with either the cis-fatty acid diet group
      or regular diet groups. Chi-square analysis showed that the difference between
      the incidence of large intestinal carcinomas was not significant between the cis-
      and trans-fatty acid diets. The difference between the regular diet and trans
      fatty acid diet groups was not significant at the 5% level (P = .08). A higher,
      but nonstatistically significant, incidence of nephroblastomas and squamous ear
      duct neoplasms was also observed in carcinogen-treated animals maintained on each
      of the high-fat diets as compared with the incidence of both in treated animals
      fed the regular chow diet.

PMID- 6595440
TI  - Large intestinal carcinogenesis. II. Histogenesis and unusual features of low
      dose azoxymethane-induced carcinomas in F344 rats.
AB  - The histogenesis of large intestinal carcinomas was studied by use of a low dose
      (2 mg/kg/wk) of azoxymethane [(AOM) CAS: 25843-45-2] administered im to inbred
      F344 rats. No evidence of benign polyp was seen, and the carcinomas in this model
      did arise directly from the flat mucosa. In marked contrast to the standard dose
      (8 mg/kg/wk) studies, low-dose AOM carcinogenesis yielded the following unusual
      features: a) There was a very high incidence of readily metastasizing mucinous
      adenocarcinomas that were extremely aggressive and easily transplantable; b) the
      carcinomas, microscopic and macroscopic, were localized predominantly in the
      proximal large intestine; c) foci of atypical early neoplastic (or so-called
      dysplastic) crypts as well as early carcinomas were frequently associated with
      the lymphoid aggregates in the intestinal wall; d) Paneth cells were commonly
      seen to be associated with these atypical crypts and/or early carcinomas
      associated with the lymphoid aggregates; and e) there was a virtual lack of the
      dilated, distorted, or hyperdistended crypts in noncarcinomatous epithelia. The
      significance of the lack of dilated, distorted, hyperdistended crypts and the
      similarity of this finding with the findings in the low incidence of colon cancer
      in the Japanese population are discussed.

PMID- 6595441
TI  - Large intestinal carcinogenesis. III. Studies in low-incidence (Japanese)
      patients.
AB  - Recent studies have demonstrated that at the early stages of carcinogenesis of
      the large intestine(s) (LI), severely dilated crypt(s) (SDC) appear followed by
      atypical and/or neoplastic crypt(s) (ANC) and, subsequently, carcinomas. Thus
      both SDC and ANC appear to be premalignant changes and are probably initiated
      foci. Since the Japanese in Japan (JIJ) show a much lower rate of large
      intestinal carcinomas (LIC) compared to people in the Western Hemisphere, a study
      was designed to answer the question: Is the difference between the rates due to a
      difference in initiation or promotion? If the difference is due to less
      initiation, large intestinal epithelium of JIJ should contain fewer initiated
      foci. For testing this hypothesis, a retrospective histopathologic study was
      conducted on 100 LI of JIJ resected at the Cancer Institute, Tokyo, Japan,
      between 1977 and 1978, and mucosae remote from carcinomas were examined for SDC
      and ANC. In sharp contrast to a 100% incidence of SDC in the cases in the United
      States, only 1 of 100 LI of patients with LIC at the Cancer Institute
      demonstrated the presence of SDC. However, ANC was seen in 10 of 100 LI (10%), a
      figure comparable to that in the United States (7%). The extreme rarity of SDC in
      JIJ represents lesser initiation of that type. The presence of a comparable
      number of ANC in JIJ indicates that ANC is the predominant morphologic type of
      initiated foci in JIJ. This study suggests that not only promotional agents but
      also different initiating factors may be responsible for the difference in
      incidence and prevalence of LIC in the two populations. Comparative studies of
      parallel experimental animal models with the use of high and low doses of
      azoxymethane support this conclusion.

PMID- 6595442
TI  - Evaluation of a histologic classification of mouse liver tumors based on pyruvate
      kinase isozymes and status of host lipids.
AB  - The histologic classification of mouse liver tumors, i.e., hepatic nodules type 1
      and type 2 and hepatocellular carcinomas, was evaluated by a comparison of
      several biologic and biochemical markers that have been shown to be useful for
      the grading of tumor malignancy. The liver tumors were induced by N,N'-2,7
      fluorenylenebisacetamide (CAS: 304-28-9; N,N'-fluoren-2,7-ylenebisacetamide)
      administration to male CD-1 mice. The ability to induce L-type pyruvate kinase
      activity in response to a high-carbohydrate diet disappeared in almost all the
      liver tumors. However, fairly good correlations were observed between the
      histologic classification and the relative weights of liver and intraperitoneal
      fat pads, between the histologic classification and the level of serum total
      cholesterol, and between the histologic classification and the K-type pyruvate
      kinase activity. The results suggest that the present histologic classification
      reflects the degree of tumor malignancy, and therefore, it would be useful for
      the classification of mouse liver tumors.

PMID- 6595443
TI  - Profound postinitiation enhancement by short-term severe methionine, choline,
      vitamin B12, and folate deficiency of hepatocarcinogenesis in F344 rats given a
      single low-dose diethylnitrosamine injection.
AB  - The potential promoting and/or complete carcinogenic activity of a methyl group
      deficient (MD) diet lacking methionine, choline, vitamin B12, and folate on liver
      tumor induction in weanling male F344/NCr rats was examined. Each of 50 rats per
      group received one injection 20 mg diethylnitrosamine [(DENA) CAS: 55-18-5; N
      nitrosodiethylamine]/kg body weight at 4 weeks of age, and then each was
      maintained on a methyl group-adequate (MA) diet for 52 weeks (groups 2 and 5) or
      on an MD diet for 15 weeks followed by the MA diet for 37 weeks (group 4).
      Controls received injections of saline and were maintained on the same two
      respective diet regimens (groups 1 and 3, respectively). Histologic results from
      sacrifices at 6, 10, 15, 22, 39, and 52 weeks revealed early development of foci
      of eosinophilic gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT)-positive hepatocytes by week 6 in
      DENA-MD diet-treated rats, with subsequent development of a diffuse hyperplasia
      of hepatocytes, oval cell proliferation, cholangiofibrosis, nodular cirrhosis,
      and neoplastic nodule (NN) formation and, at 52 weeks, hepatocellular carcinomas
      (HCC) in 13 of 15 rats. Similar but significantly fewer lesions were observed at
      slightly later sacrifice times in the livers of saline-MD diet-treated rats, with
      development of NN in 5 of 12 rats and an HCC in 1 of 12 rats at 52 weeks. DENA
      treated rats on MA diets developed relatively few GGT-positive foci, and none
      developed any neoplastic lesions. Except for basophilic foci, areas and foci of
      cellular alteration containing glycogen-rich hepatocytes frequently exhibited
      diminished uptake of injected iron and decreased glucose-6-phosphatase and ATPase
      contents focally or throughout. This study indicates that a relatively brief
      exposure of both untreated and DENA-treated weanling rats to a severely MD diet
      produces classical preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in their livers.

PMID- 6595445
TI  - Vitamin A and cancer prevention conference. Sponsored by the Malnutrition Panel,
      U.S.-Japan Cooperative Medical Science Program of the National Institute of
      Arthritis Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and the National Cancer
      Institute. February 28-29, 1984, Bethesda, Maryland.

PMID- 6595444
TI  - Biochemical characterization of endogenous carbohydrate-binding proteins from
      spontaneous murine rhabdomyosarcoma, mammary adenocarcinoma, and ovarian
      teratoma.
AB  - Three entirely different tumor types were investigated biochemically for the
      presence and characteristics of endogenous carbohydrate-binding proteins in an
      inbred Brown Norway rat, an outbred Sprague-Dawley rat, and an outbred Han:NMRI
      mouse. The patterns under investigation included specificities for alpha- and
      beta-galactosyl, alpha-mannosyl, and alpha-fucosyl moieties, respectively, and
      specificities for heparin, analyzed by affinity chromatography on resins with
      immobilized sugars or glycoproteins and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the
      presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The patterns were divided into categories
      according to dependence of the binding activity on the presence of Ca2+ and
      dependence on extraction conditions. Rhabdomyosarcoma revealed only Ca2+
      independent activities, i.e., activities with specificity for beta-galactosides
      at a molecular weight of 12,000, with specificity for alpha-galactosides at
      molecular weights of 29,000, 43,000, and 45,000, with specificity for heparin at
      molecular weights of 13,000 and 16,000, and with specificities for mannose and
      fucose at molecular weights ranging from 62,000 to 70,000. For the spontaneous
      mammary adenocarcinoma the pattern was entirely different and more diverse,
      including species with the Ca2+ requirement. Extracts with the use of 0.2 M NaCl
      (salt) and 2% Triton X-100 (detergent) from teratoma contained at least nine
      different carbohydrate-binding proteins. The only similarities between the
      pattern of endogenous carbohydrate-binding proteins from teratoma and from
      mammary adenocarcinoma were beta-galactoside-binding proteins, one with a Ca2+
      requirement and one without a Ca2+ requirement, and the heparin-binding proteins.
      These heparin-binding proteins were the only types of carbohydrate-binding
      proteins common to all three tumor types. The analysis indicates that certain
      bands represented newly identified proteins capable of binding to galactose-,
      mannose- or fucose-containing glycoconjugates, respectively. When assayed with
      rabbit erythrocytes, the different fractions showed agglutination activity. They
      can thus be termed "endogenous lectins." The use of endogenous lectin patterns as
      potential diagnostic markers in addition to the corresponding changes in the
      glycoconjugate composition is proposed.

PMID- 6595446
TI  - Vitamin A and cancer prevention conference--an introduction.

PMID- 6595447
TI  - Role of retinoids in differentiation and carcinogenesis.

PMID- 6595448
TI  - Development of a nutrient data system for international use: INFOODS
      (International Network of Food Data Systems).
AB  - The current interest in the area of nutrition, diet, and cancer has called
      attention to some major deficiencies in the data base available to support a
      variety of research activities in the field. These deficiencies have been
      especially evident in epidemiologic studies where attempts are being made to
      characterize the dietary differences existing among various populations who have
      markedly different incidences of chronic diseases, including cancers, thought to
      be associated with diet. Such studies have been able to characterize
      international differences in diet by broad, nutrient-food categorizations, but
      they suffer from a dearth of detailed information on the nutrient content of the
      enormous variety of foodstuffs consumed by different populations and by the
      subgroup populations within each of the countries or geographic areas. At the
      present time, there is no internationally agreed upon food composition data
      system that provides a continuum of information on food composition. Current diet
      and disease studies require data on the human requirements or allowances for
      essential nutrients and quantified data on the ability of the food supply to
      provide these factors. In addition, information on other chemical components of
      foods that represent protection for or risk to good health is needed. Such a
      comprehensive data base would be helpful in providing criteria for formulation of
      public policy on diet-related public health issues. The Diet and Cancer Branch of
      the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute,
      together with other groups support the development of an International Food
      Composition Data System (INFOODS) as a response to the need for more complete,
      reliable, and comprehensive information on the nutrient and nonnutrient
      composition of foods and beverages and their ingredients.

PMID- 6595449
TI  - Dietary history methods for epidemiologic studies: application in a case-control
      study of vitamin A and lung cancer.
AB  - A dietary history method for use in a case-control study of vitamin A and lung
      cancer is described. The method was designed to obtain estimates of the usual
      frequencies and quantities of 84 major food sources of vitamin A and carotene
      consumed prior to symptoms of disease in cases and during the same time period in
      matched controls. Amounts were estimated from photographs of each item that
      showed three different quantities. The development of the questionnaire is
      described in detail, as well as the data collection and analysis. The results of
      the study showed that relative to those men with the highest intakes, the men who
      consumed less vitamin A or carotene had a higher risk for lung cancer in a
      general dose-response fashion. These findings were not apparent for females.
      Recommendations regarding dietary methodology for future studies concerning
      vitamin A and carotene intakes include further research on the validation and
      reproducibility of the dietary methods, identification of appropriate biological
      markers that reflect past exposures of vitamin A and carotene, and further
      research on the vitamin A and carotene content of available food items.

PMID- 6595450
TI  - Epidemiology of retinoids and cancer.
AB  - A variety of in vitro and in vivo inquiries suggests that retinoids of various
      sorts may reduce the risk of cancer at various sites. Epidemiologic studies done
      by a number of different investigators similarly show a reduction in risk with
      increases in ingestion of vitamin A-containing diets. These reductions in risk
      are primarily of the squamous cell types of cancer: lung, larynx, mouth, cervix,
      and bladder cancers. Retinoids, particularly beta-carotene, may have a risk
      reducing function for such sites. However, evidence has also been found that
      retinoids under certain conditions may increase the risk of prostate cancer as
      well as of Hodgkin's disease and leukemia. It is not an impossibility that,
      although beta-carotene could reduce risk under most circumstances, under certain
      other circumstances it could increase risk for different cancers. Obviously, more
      research is necessary, particularly with the carotenoids.

PMID- 6595451
TI  - Dietary carotene and vitamin A and risk of lung cancer among white men in New
      Jersey.
AB  - A population-based incident case-control study of lung cancer in white males was
      conducted during 1980-81 in six high-risk areas of New Jersey. Interviews were
      completed with 763 cases and 900 controls or with their next of kin. In order to
      assess whether dietary intake of carotene, preformed retinol, or total vitamin A
      modified the risk of lung cancer, subjects were asked about their usual frequency
      of consumption, several years earlier, of 44 food items, which provides 83% of
      the vitamin A in the American diet, and about their use of vitamin supplements.
      The men in the lowest quartile of carotene intake had 1.3 the risk (P-value for
      trend = .05) of those in the highest quartile after adjustment was made for
      smoking duration and intensity and education. No association was seen for retinol
      (P-value for trend = .11) or total vitamin A (P-value for trend = .30). The
      inverse association between carotene intake and lung cancer was most compelling
      for squamous cell carcinoma, with the smoking-and education-adjusted risk of
      those in the lowest quartile reaching 1.4 (P-value for trend = .03) the risk of
      those men in the highest quartile. Risk of lung adenocarcinoma was not related to
      carotene intake. The reduction in risk of squamous cell lung cancer with
      increasing carotene intake was noted in pipe and cigar smokers and cigarette
      smokers of different intensities. Among nonsmokers adenocarcinoma predominated.
      The inverse association between carotene and risk of squamous cell lung cancer
      was not especially strong or graded in response; but it was consistent and could
      be noted in each stratum when the subjects were divided by education, age, or
      mode of interview (direct vs. next of kin). The results of the other 4 case
      control and 3 cohort studies that have looked at diet and risk of lung cancer are
      not consistent, and the question whether dietary carotene or total vitamin A
      reduces the risk of lung cancer is not yet resolved.

PMID- 6595452
TI  - Vitamin A supplementation and plasma retinol levels: a randomized trial among
      women.
AB  - Although dietary intake of vitamin A has little, if any, overall effect on blood
      retinol in generally well-nourished populations, subgroups may exist that would
      be responsive to supplementation. The hypothesis that vitamin A supplementation
      increases blood retinol in apparently well-fed individuals with lower than usual
      blood levels was tested in female health workers, with relatively low blood
      retinol values, who were randomly assigned to receive vitamin A (10,000 IU daily)
      or placebo. After 4 weeks the mean change in plasma retinol was -0.4
      micrograms/dl for the group receiving placebo and +4.1 micrograms/dl (an increase
      of 9% over base-line values) for the group receiving vitamin A (P = .02). The
      results were similar when the base-line retinol level and several other
      covariates were considered. Thirteen women who had initially received placebo
      were then switched to vitamin A for 4 weeks. These women experienced a mean
      increase of 5.3 micrograms/dl in plasma retinol (P = .04). Responses to vitamin A
      supplementation tend to be greater among women with lower previous total vitamin
      A intake, as assessed by questionnaire [Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r)
      = 0.50; P = .01].

PMID- 6595453
TI  - Vitamin A and other deficiencies in Linxian, a high esophageal cancer incidence
      area in northern China.
AB  - Biochemical analyses were conducted to evaluate the nutritional status of a high
      esophageal cancer risk population in Linxian, People's Republic of China. A study
      was conducted in September 1980 in which plasma levels of vitamins A, B2, and C
      were analyzed. In a second study in 1983, the plasma fat-soluble vitamins were
      analyzed with a newly developed high-performance liquid chromatography method
      that allowed the simultaneous determination of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, beta
      carotene, alpha-carotene, and lycopene in 0.1 ml of plasma sample. The average
      plasma retinol levels ranged from 24 to 27 micrograms/dl among the population
      groups, with 20-35% of the individuals having levels under 20 micrograms/dl. Low
      plasma beta-carotene levels averaging 8-12 micrograms/dl were observed among the
      population groups. Low plasma alpha-tocopherol levels with average values around
      700 micrograms/dl were also observed; about half the individuals were either low
      or deficient in vitamin E. After 4 months of supplementation with daily
      multivitamin tablets, the plasma contents of retinol and alpha-tocopherol were
      significantly increased. The plasma alpha-carotene and beta-carotene were also
      increased, possibly as a reflection of seasonal changes in the diet or a sparing
      effect of vitamins A and E on these carotenes. Low plasma ascorbate levels with
      an average of 567 micrograms/dl were observed, and about 23% of the individuals
      had values under 200 micrograms/dl. Riboflavin deficiency was prevalent, with
      about 90% of the subjects having an erythrocyte glutathione activation
      coefficient over 1.2. The study establishes the low nutritional status in
      vitamins of the population in Linxian and provides the background for further
      studies on the effects of nutritional deficiency on carcinogenesis.

PMID- 6595454
TI  - Serum retinol and risk of subsequent cancer: extension of the Evans County,
      Georgia, study.
AB  - A previous report from the Evans County, Ga., cohort correlated low base-line
      retinol levels in 1960-62 to an increased risk of cancer developing in the
      following 12-14 years. So that this inverse association could be retested,
      retinol determinations were performed on sera in 135 incident cancer cases,
      identified during a vital status follow-up in 1981, and in 237 controls matched
      by race, sex, age, and date of venipuncture. The serum was drawn during the
      second cohort examination between 1967 and 1969 and stored at -20 degrees C until
      analysis by high-pressure liquid chromatography in January 1982. Eligible for the
      study were patients whose initial cancer diagnosis was established more than 24
      months after venipuncture. Base-line retinol levels of subsequent cancer cases
      and their matched controls were similar in the 4 race-sex groups. The risk of
      cancer at all sites associated with the lowest retinol quintile was similar to
      that associated with the highest quintile. In multivariate analysis, with control
      for age, cholesterol, body mass, smoking status, and social class, no significant
      relationship of serum retinol and case status was found. In summary, these data
      fail to confirm the strong dose-response relationship between baseline retinol
      levels and subsequent cancer reported in the previous study.

PMID- 6595456
TI  - Cancer, vitamins, and plasma lipids: prospective Basel study.
AB  - In the Basel study (BS) (1960-73) on cardiovascular and peripheral arterial
      diseases, a mortality follow-up was completed for the period 1965-80. Of the
      4,224 men at risk for these diseases, 531 died. The causes of death were
      established from the death certificates and classified into 8 groups. For each
      case 2 age- and sex-matched controls were selected and compared with the
      corresponding cases with regard to the various variables obtained at the three
      examinations (1960, 1965, 1971). This report dealth with cancer mortality, plasma
      lipids, plasma vitamins, alcohol and cigarette consumption, and intake of milk
      and citrus fruits. The results were all obtained at the second follow-up
      examination (BS III, 1971-73). Cancer of the lung, stomach, large bowel, and all
      other sites were treated separately. The average follow-up from BS III until
      death varied from 3.7 years (other sites) to 4.9 years (cancer of the lung). Of
      129 cancer deaths, the highest incidence was found for cancer of the lung (38)
      followed by stomach (19) and large bowel, (15) and the remainder (57) was for
      other sites. Plasma lipids did not differ significantly among cases and controls.
      However, the lowest values were observed in colorectal cancer and gastric
      carcinoma (mean cholesterol, 213 mg/dl). beta-Carotene was significantly lower in
      cancer cases of the lung than in controls (14.8 micrograms/dl vs. 23.7; P less
      than .05). It was also low in gastric cancer cases (13.0 micrograms/dl). Vitamin
      A was below average only in cases with gastric cancer (difference due to the
      small number not significant). Vitamin C was consistently lower in cancer cases
      than in controls. The lowest value was found for cancer of the stomach and
      corresponded to a below-average consumption of citrus fruits. Vitamin E was low
      in cancer of the colon. Plasma lipids correlated strongly with vitamin E (tau =
      0.5) and to a lesser extent with vitamin A (tau = 0.25). beta-Carotene correlated
      poorly with beta-lipoproteins (low-density and very low-density lipoproteins) but
      significantly with total cholesterol. Smoking was inversely related, as was
      alcohol consumption, to the beta-carotene level. From these results, the
      conclusion was that vitamins influence carcinogenesis in humans.

PMID- 6595455
TI  - Hypertension detection and follow-up program study of serum retinol, retinol
      binding protein, total carotenoids, and cancer risk: a summary.
AB  - In a recently reported study by us, no significant associations were found
      between retinol, retinol-binding protein (RBP), and total carotenoid levels in
      prediagnositic serum and the incidence of cancer at all sites combined. Inasmuch
      as other investigators, in addition to us, have not been able to confirm the two
      original reports of an inverse association between serum retinol and overall
      cancer incidence, the relationship, if it exists at all, is probably complex and
      limited to certain population subgroups. Such subgroups may be defined by extreme
      values of serum retinol, certain levels of other nutrients, or specific types of
      cancer. In the present study an inverse association was observed between serum
      retinol levels and cancer among subjects with low serum selenium levels and for
      subjects with gastrointestinal cancer. In addition, the risk of cancer was
      elevated for those individuals with the combination of low serum retinol and high
      RBP. However, since significant associations will arise by chance alone when many
      subgroups are examined, these findings are difficult to interpret. Additional
      studies will be needed to determine whether they are reproducible or are simply
      the results of chance.

PMID- 6595457
TI  - Discussion of case-control studies of Peleg, Stahelin, and Willett.
AB  - The combined results from the case-control studies of Peleg, Stahelin, and
      Willett were found to provide no evidence of a relationship between serum retinol
      levels and the risk of cancer in all sites combined or of lung cancer. However, a
      relationship between serum retinol levels and the risk of gastrointestinal cancer
      was suggested.

PMID- 6595458
TI  - Issues in the design and conduct of clinical trials.
AB  - Careful consideration of issues in the design and conduct of clinical trials is
      essential for valid results to be achieved. Specifically, if the trial is
      randomized and well designed with respect to timing, pilot studies, choice of
      study population, sample size, duration of follow-up, and subject compliance, it
      can offer reliable evidence about a positive, inverse, or null effect of an
      intervention. With these considerations in mind, the Physicians' Health Study is
      being conducted among over 21,996 male physicians, 40-84 years of age, in the
      United States and involved a 2 X 2 factorial design used to test the roles of
      beta-carotene in the prevention of cancer and aspirin in the reduction of
      cardiovascular mortality. The choice of physicians as the study population and
      the implementation of a prerandomization run-in period resulted in 100% mortality
      and 99.5% morbidity follow-up, as well as 98.5% compliance with the treatment
      regimen 6 months after randomization. The ultimate goal of these methodologic
      considerations is to design studies that clearly can prove or refute the
      hypotheses that was tested.

PMID- 6595459
TI  - Compliance and nutritional status during feasibility study for an intervention
      trial in China.
AB  - As part of a pilot study to assess the feasibility of a long-term intervention
      trial to be done in Linxian, People's Republic of China, nutritional status and
      compliance were assessed in villagers taking daily multivitamin pills containing
      the U.S. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). Before the start of the trial and
      again during its 4th month, nutritional status was assessed by laboratory tests
      and a dietary interview. Compliance was assessed in all subjects by pill counts
      and in a subset by urinary riboflavin loading-dose tests. At the outset of the
      trial, the study population had widespread biochemical and dietary deficiencies
      of ascorbic acid and riboflavin. As expected, subjects taking a daily pill had
      significantly improved status for these vitamins during the study. Compliance as
      measured by pill counts was excellent, with over 90% of the subjects taking at
      least 80% of their daily pills. Mean urinary excretion of a riboflavin loading
      dose entered and remained in the normal range after 3 weeks of supplementation,
      indicating that compliance did not fall off over time. Compliance was similar in
      normal subjects and in those with a prior diagnosis of esophageal dysplasia.
      Compliance also was nearly as good in subjects receiving monthly home visits as
      in those receiving weekly home visits from the barefoot doctor (village
      paramedical worker). The results of this pilot study indicated that a long-term
      intervention trial was feasible in Linxian and that the RDA dose level of
      vitamins was effective in ameliorating certain nutritional deficiencies prevalent
      in the study population.

PMID- 6595461
TI  - Guidelines in selecting a dental practice computer system.

PMID- 6595460
TI  - [Trial of clinical administration of a new antibacterial substance DL 8280 in
      pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 6595462
TI  - Kentucky's fluoride supplement program.

PMID- 6595463
TI  - Plastic filing from dialysis tubing induces prostanoid release from macrophages.
AB  - Multiorgan, abnormalities in dialysis patients (for example, hepatosplenomegaly,
      granulomatous hepatitis, cytopenia from hypersplenism) have recently been
      ascribed to the loading of macrophages (MO) with silicone particles released from
      the pump segment of dialysis tubing. In the present study, the effect of chronic
      intravenous or intraperitoneal loading of rats with silicone, polyvinylchloride
      (PVC) and polyurethane (PU) particles on arachidonic acid metabolism of
      peritoneal MO and splenic cells was examined in vitro. Intravenous injections of
      silicone, PVC, or PU particles caused accumulation of the material within the
      lysosomes of MO of spleen, liver, and lung. Spontaneous release of prostaglandin
      E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) was significantly increased in peritoneal MO
      of rats injected with silicone, PVC, or PU (Control: 4.27 +/- 0.85 ng PGE2/ml/24
      hr; silicone 51.9 +/- 13.2; PVC 57.5 +/- 10.6; PU 28.8 +/- 2.3). Zymosan or LPS
      stimulated PGE2 release from control MO, but caused no consistent further
      elevation of high basal PGE2 release from MO after particle loading. Furthermore,
      increased spontaneous and stimulated TXB2 release was also observed in spleen
      cells of rats given intravenous injection of silicone particles. It is concluded
      that storage of plastic particles (silicone, PVC, and PU) by macrophages
      stimulates arachidonic acid metabolism.

PMID- 6595465
TI  - [Eating disorders, avoiding the power struggle].

PMID- 6595464
TI  - [Differentiation of juvenile chronic arthritis--diagnostic significance of HLA
      associations].
AB  - From January 1980 to June 1982, 150 children with primary onset of a joint
      disease during the previous 6 months were entered into a prospective non
      randomized observation study. 106 of the 150 children were diagnosed as juvenile
      chronic arthritis cases according to the EULAR-criteria. Nine children of this
      group belonged to the systemic subgroup (7 girls, 2 boys). HLA-typing was
      performed in 100 of the 106 children: HLA-B27 was evident in the total patient
      group with significantly increased 41% versus 8.9% of the control group. This
      antigen is significantly evident in all subgroups with variously increased
      frequency, except in the systemic and early-onset (pauciarticular) subgroups; the
      frequency in the rheumatoid-factor-negative polyarticular type of juvenile
      chronic arthritis (JCA) was 37.9%, in the rheumatoid-factor-positive
      polyarticular form 33.3%, and in the oligoarthritis/sacroiliitis-group 72.2%. DR5
      was significantly present in the total patient group with 32% (control group
      13.4%) and in the early-onset oligoarthritis group (43.7%). The rheumatoid-factor
      positive (50%) and negative polyarticular group (31%) showed a pronounced
      slightly significant increase.

PMID- 6595466
TI  - The spread of Hemophilus influenzae meningitis among household contacts.

PMID- 6595467
TI  - Circumcision: the issue behind the foreskin.

PMID- 6595468
TI  - Campylobacter enteritis: experiences at the Medical University of South Carolina
      Student Health Services.

PMID- 6595469
TI  - Children's emotional response to disasters.

PMID- 6595471
TI  - Doctor, doctor, how does your garden grow!!

PMID- 6595470
TI  - The practice of self-induced vomiting among high school females.
AB  - Thirty-eight high school females who were practicing self-induced vomiting to
      control their weight were studied. Of these students, 9% practiced self-induced
      vomiting every time any food was ingested while 40% vomited only after a binge.
      On standardized measures, 58% of the females had disturbed attitudes toward
      eating, and 55% met the criteria for being psychologically unhealthy. Of the
      vomiters identified, 63% indicated that they would stop the practice if another
      effective method of weight control was available.

PMID- 6595472
TI  - Hospital dentistry in Tennessee: a recommendation for development.

PMID- 6595473
TI  - A new version of light polymerized composite resins.

PMID- 6595474
TI  - The occurrence of diffuse gingival hyperplasia in a patient using marijuana.

PMID- 6595475
TI  - 5 Alpha-reductase and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities in isolated
      canine prostatic epithelial cells.
AB  - Kinetic parameters of two enzymes, 5 alpha-reductase and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase, have been calculated for freshly isolated canine prostatic
      epithelial cells separated into secretory and non-secretory cells on the basis of
      their density in Percoll gradients. For 5 alpha-reductase, a Km value of 3 X 10(
      6) M was obtained in both epithelial cell types, and similar Vmax values of 1.7 X
      10(-12) and 1.9 X 10(-12) moles of dihydrotestosterone formed/min/10(6) cells (P
      greater than 0.50) were calculated in secretory and non-secretory cells,
      respectively. The Km of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (dihydrotestosterone
      ---3 alpha-androstanediol) varied between 2.2 and 2.8 X 10(-6) M (P greater than
      0.50) with respective Vmax's of 9 and 24 X 10(-12) moles of 3 alpha
      androstanediol formed/min/10(6) cells (P less than 0.005) in secretory and non
      secretory cells. For the reverse reaction, that is the transformation of 3 alpha
      androstanediol to dihydrotestosterone, the Km's obtained were 0.4 and 0.5 X 10(
      6) M (P greater than 0.50) with Vmax's of 14 and 19 X 10(-12) moles of
      dihydrotestosterone formed/min/10(6) cells (P less than 0.50) in secretory and
      non-secretory cells, respectively. Vmax values for 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase are 10-fold higher than the ones for 5 alpha-reductase. Moreover,
      Km values for the reaction 3 alpha-androstanediol----DHT are 5-fold lower than
      those calculated for the reverse reaction and for 5 alpha-reductase. This could
      explain why the major metabolic pathway in the canine prostate gland is the
      conversion of 3 alpha-androstanediol to dihydrotestosterone.

PMID- 6595476
TI  - Promyelocytic blast crisis in chronic granulocytic leukemia with 15;17
      translocation.
AB  - A patient with Philadelphia chromosome Ph1-positive chronic granulocytic leukemia
      (CGL) developed an acute transformation associated with a hemorrhagic diathesis
      and bone marrow infiltration by hypergranular promyelocytes and blasts.
      Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow metaphase cells at transformation showed a
      t(15;17) superimposed upon the Ph1-positive cell line. These findings suggest a
      critical relationship between the t(15;17) and arrest of myeloid leukemic cell
      differentiation at the promyelocyte stage.

PMID- 6595477
TI  - Busulfan versus cyclophosphamide treatment in the early and late stages of
      granulocytic leukemia in guinea pigs.
AB  - A transplantable granulocytic leukemia (GL-13-BC) in strain 13 guinea pigs, which
      has many similarities to human CML, was used to test the antineoplastic effects
      of two alkylating agents, busulfan and cyclophosphamide, administered in the late
      and early stages of the disease. Busulfan had a pronounced cytoreductive effect
      on circulating leukemic cells in the late, pre-blast crisis stage of this disease
      but all treated animals, succumbed to the leukemia with only a marginal increase
      in survival time relative to that of untreated controls. In this respect the
      guinea pig model resembles human CML. Survival time was moderately increased with
      early busulfan treatment but, as in the late treatment group, all animals
      succumbed to the leukemia. A pronounced cytoreductive action on leukemic cells
      was also observed in guinea pigs treated with cyclophosphamide. Late treatment
      with this drug produced highly variable effects on the survival time of leukemic
      guinea pigs; of the nine animals treated, no effect was observe in five, three
      showed a significant increase in survival time and one animal was still in
      remission without treatment when the experiment was concluded. Early treatment
      with cyclophosphamide produced the most striking finding of this study. Two
      treatments with this drug produced a complete remission in all of the treated
      guinea pigs. This remission lasted without further treatment for the duration of
      the study (greater than 200 days) while all untreated controls died within 27-37
      days after receiving leukemic cell transplants. The relevance of these findings
      to the treatment of human CML is discussed.

PMID- 6595478
TI  - Detection of circulating 'terminal transferase-positive' cells does not predict
      relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Serial samples of peripheral blood were obtained from 35 children with ALL over a
      period of 18 months. The mononuclear cells were examined for TdT by indirect
      immunofluorescence using an unpurified anti-calf thymus TdT as the primary
      antibody. This analysis failed to distinguish those children who were destined to
      relapse (n = 9) from those who remained in continuous complete remission. Rather,
      the exhibition of fluorescence was linked to the co-existence of infection, with
      a negative predictive value of 0.91. Putative 'TdT-positive' cells were
      concentrated in the T-lymphocyte fraction and the very process of E-rosette
      formation seemed to contribute to this phenomenon. It appears as if the anti-TdT
      reagent recognizes not only TdT but also a variety of antigens which are
      expressed on or in immature and activated lymphocytes.

PMID- 6595479
TI  - Bone marrow stromal deficiency in acute myeloid leukemia in mice.
AB  - A study of bone marrow stroma in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in mice was carried
      out. AML was induced in C57B1 mice by i.v. inoculation of the C1498 cell line.
      There was a direct correlation between the marrow leukemic load and the degree of
      marrow stromal deficiency. This was expressed by reduced in vitro fibroblastoid
      colony formation. In co-cultures of normal mouse bone marrow and leukemic cells,
      and also in cultures of normal marrow with added conditioned medium (CM) of
      leukemic cells, marked inhibition of fibroblast-colony-forming units (CFU-F) from
      normal marrow was observed. In additional experiments, leukemic mice were treated
      with two consecutive injections of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) (2 X 200mg/kg)
      and sacrificed 48 h later. Bone marrow samples of treated animals formed in vitro
      an increased number of fibroblastoid colonies despite relatively high levels of
      marrow leukemia. It is concluded that: (a) there is a direct correlation between
      the incidence of marrow leukemic cells and the degree of stromal deficiency; (b)
      leukemic cells produce in vitro--and probably in vivo CFU-F inhibitory factors
      and (c) administration of restricted doses of cytosine arabinoside to leukemic
      mice reduces the marrow leukemic cell content to some extent and increases the
      capacity of CFU-F to form fibroblastoid colonies in vitro.

PMID- 6595480
TI  - Comparison of in vitro and in vivo effects of vincristine and vindesine on
      leukemic cells from patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia in blast crisis.
AB  - We employed a liquid culture system to examine the in vitro effects of
      vincristine and vindesine on cellular incorporation of 35SO4 into leukemic cells
      obtained from 5 patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia in blast crisis. The
      per cent of 35SO4 into drug-treated as compared to saline-treated leukemic cells
      was compared to the clinical outcome of patients treated with these agents. A
      good or partial clinical response to vincristine or vindesine was seen in
      patients whose leukemic cells incorporated less than 50% 35SO4 when exposed to
      vincristine or vindesine in vitro, compared with control saline-treated cells. No
      clinical response was observed following treatment with vincristine or vindesine
      if the 35SO4 incorporation of drug treated leukemic cells was greater than 50% of
      saline-treated cells. These data suggest that the in vitro effects of vincristine
      or vindesine on 35SO4 incorporation into leukemic cells of patients in blast
      crisis may parallel the clinical outcome of patients treated with these agents in
      vivo.

PMID- 6595481
TI  - Alteration of polypeptide synthesis and composition during differentiation of
      human leukemia cell line HL60.
AB  - Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, we have analyzed the polypeptide
      alteration of the human myeloid leukemia cell line HL60 during differentiation
      induced by dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
      (TPA). Three polypeptides increased in synthesis after DMSO treatment, while 5
      polypeptides increased after TPA treatment. Most other polypeptides were
      synthesized at a reduced rate though their net amounts remained unchanged,
      indicating that myeloid differentiation was associated not only with an increased
      synthesis of a few specific polypeptides but also with overall depression of most
      other polypeptides. One of the early differentiation marker proteins (mol. wt.
      approx. 20,000, pI approx. 6.0) of granulopoietic cells was increased
      specifically after DMSO treatment, while one of the monocyte specific marker
      proteins (mol. wt approx. 46,000, pI approx. 4.8) was detected after TPA
      treatment. But, the pattern of HL60 cells did not necessarily become similar to
      that of normal mature granulocytes after DMSO treatment, indicating that HL60
      cell differentiation might be partial or incomplete.

PMID- 6595482
TI  - Cell kinetic studies after high dose Ara-C and adriamycin treatment in a slowly
      growing rat leukemia model (BNML) for human acute myelocytic leukemia.
AB  - The effect of high-dose cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C; 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl
      cytosine) injections (200 mg/kg i.v.) on cell cycle perturbation was investigated
      in a slowly growing rat leukemia (BNML) which is a realistic model for human
      acute myelocytic leukemia. Flow cytometric analysis showed an initial decrease of
      cells in S phase from 26 to 13% and a subsequent accumulation of up to 50% at 10
      14 h after injection. The low number of S phase cells during the first 8 h might
      be due to a combination of cell kill in S phase and a block at the G1/S boundary.
      The results make it very likely that the origin of the accumulated S phase cells
      is the resting compartment and that these recruited cells enter the proliferation
      phase as a synchronized cell population. By repeating the Ara-C injection at the
      time of accumulation of cells in S phase, a similar synchronized wave of
      recruited cells to that after the first Ara-C injection was observed. Flow
      cytometric analysis after Adriamycin (7.7 mg/kg i.v.) treatment, which has been
      shown to be cytotoxic for BNML cells, showed no changes in cell cycle
      distribution. It was concluded that Adriamycin might have the same toxicity for
      cells in all of the different cell cycle phases. The application of these data
      with respect to effective tumor load reduction is discussed in a second report.

PMID- 6595483
TI  - Enhanced tumor load reduction after chemotherapy induced recruitment and
      synchronization in a slowly growing rat leukemia model (BNML) for human acute
      myelocytic leukemia.
AB  - The cell cycle perturbation effect on leukemic cells of the Brown Norway
      myelocytic leukemia (BNML) after high dose Ara-C injection was used as the
      rationale for chemotherapy studies. A one log leukemic cell load reduction as
      determined by means of the leukemic colony forming units-spleen (LCFU-S) assay
      was observed when the second Ara-C injection was administered during a period of
      induced accumulation of cells in S phase. evidence was obtained that Ara-C was
      also cytotoxic for G1 phase cells. By comparing a continuous Ara-C infusion
      during 24 h with two Ara-C injections at the same total dosage given 12 h apart,
      it was found that the tumor load was significantly more reduced in the latter
      group. For the drug combination Ara-C/Adriamycin, maximal LCFU-S reduction of one
      log was observed when Adriamycin (7.7 mg/kg) was given 12 h after Ara-C. From the
      increase in survival time after the schedule of 6 X Ara-C plus 1 X Adriamycin
      (all injections given at 12 h intervals), it could be extrapolated that the tumor
      load was reduced by 6.7 logs; this was in agreement with the theoretically
      expected reduction of 6.2 logs based on the LCFU-S experiments. The schedule of 6
      X Ara-C plus 1 X Adriamycin reduced the normal haemopoietic stem cell compartment
      by 2.5 logs. This therapeutic gain is attributed to the specific recruitment
      synchronization inducing effect of Ara-C on leukemic cells in the G0 phase.

PMID- 6595484
TI  - Expression of c-ras and c-myc oncogenes in murine erythroleukemias induced by
      Friend viruses.
AB  - We have examined the expression of three cellular oncogenes (c-Ki-ras, c-Ha-ras
      and c-myc) in different stages of murine erythroleukemias induced in ICFW mice by
      Friend viruses (F-MuLV and SFFV) in comparison to normal mice spleens and bone
      marrows, including erythropoietically-stimulated spleens from phenylhydrazine
      treated mice. There is no evidence of c-Ki-ras RNA expression in any of the
      tissues tested. c-Ha-ras RNA was found at similar levels in erythroleukemic cells
      and normal erythroid cells. In contrast, increased levels of normal 2.3 Kb and
      short 1.8 Kb c-myc RNA transcripts were detected in both early preleukemic and
      late leukemic phases of the diseases, as compared to normal erythroid cells.
      Apparently, neither myc gene amplification nor myc gene rearrangement was
      observed in erythroleukemias. Our results suggest a possible involvement of c-myc
      gene either in erythroid cell differentiation or in an early proliferation step
      of the erythroleukemic process.

PMID- 6595485
TI  - Circulating immune complexes in chronic myeloid leukemia: studies on 37 K protein
      antigen.
AB  - The 37 K protein, earlier found to be present in 3.75% PEG-precipitates from sera
      of untreated patients with CML, was further characterized. Gel filtration at
      neutral pH resolved the PEG-precipitate into a non-IgG containing protein peak-I
      and a IgG containing peak-II. Immunoprecipitation of peak-II with antihuman IgG
      antiglobulin and subsequent 2D-SDS-PAGE analysis of the immunoprecipitate
      revealed the presence of 37 K protein in peak-II confirming its association with
      IgG. 125I-37 K protein was found to interact with antibodies isolated from
      autologous and allogenic CML-CIC samples but not with similarly isolated
      antibodies from normal subject, and patients with AML, ALL, MF, and HD. Peptide
      maps generated by tryptic digestion of 37 K protein (from five different CML
      patients) were found to be identical. Specific interaction of 37 K protein with
      the autologous and allogenic antibodies and identity of peptide maps lead to the
      conclusion that the 37 K protein is a CML-associated antigen appearing in CIC.

PMID- 6595486
TI  - [Restoration with composite resins and dental pulp protection].

PMID- 6595487
TI  - [Use of a separator in the management of cavities in neighboring teeth].

PMID- 6595488
TI  - [Discoloration of restoration materials].

PMID- 6595489
TI  - Autostimulatory adherent cells in the spleen of aging mice: characterization in
      the syngeneic host-versus-graft reaction.
AB  - Enlargement of the popliteal lymph node (PLN) of 6-week-old mice were elicited by
      the footpad injection of spleen cells of sex-matched, syngeneic, older mice, but
      not of 6-week-old mice, in a fashion of host-vs.-graft reaction. Effective
      stimulating cells in the inoculum seem to be Ia-bearing adherent cells. On the
      other hand, neither B and T cells nor immunoglobulin-secreting cells were
      effective for host T cell stimulation. Among nonlymphocytic adherent cells, only
      those attached to plastic dishes after a 24 h-incubation, enriched in
      macrophages, showed the stimulatory activity for the young recipients, while
      cells which had adhered once but detached and became non-adherent during a 24 h
      incubation or a crude non-macrophage fraction did not induce the PLN response.
      Thus, the age-related antigenic change may occur on macrophages but not on
      dendritic cells. The effective cells should be alive, heat-killed cells being
      impotent to elicite the response. Such spleen adherent cells of aged mice were
      found to be also stimulative for age-matched recipients, when they are older than
      3 months. Autostimulation by macrophages might be responsible, at least in part,
      for the age-related change of immune functions.

PMID- 6595490
TI  - [Peritonsillar abscess causing upper respiratory obstruction in a 26 month old
      boy].

PMID- 6595491
TI  - Whole blood serotonin and tryptophan levels in Tourette's disorder: effects of
      acute and chronic clonidine treatment.
AB  - Whole blood serotonin (WB5HT) and tryptophan (WBTRP) levels were studied in 20
      patients (aged 8 to 45 years) with Tourette's disorder under medication-free
      baseline conditions and following acute and chronic clonidine treatment. Compared
      to 87 normal controls, Tourette's disorder patients had lower mean baseline WBTRP
      levels (mean +/- SEM: Tourette's, 5993 +/- 304 ng/ml vs. 6822 +/- 169 ng/ml; p
      less than .03). No significant differences in mean baseline WB5HT levels were
      found. Three hours after an acute dose of clonidine (2.5 - 5.1 micrograms/kg,
      p.o. at 9:00 A.M.), no mean differences were observed (baseline vs. post 3 hours)
      in WB5HT or WBTRP levels. However, following chronic treatment (greater than 3
      weeks) with clonidine (3-8 micrograms/kg/day, p.o.), WB5HT levels were increased
      in 9 of 14 Tourette's disorder patients. The mean increases in WB5HT levels
      following chronic clonidine treatment were significant when WB5HT levels were
      expressed per 10(9) platelets. (mean +/- SEM: baseline, 471 +/- 45 ng/10(9)
      platelets vs. chronic, 697 +/- 82 ng/10(9) platelets, p = .02). No mean
      differences in WBTRP levels were observed after chronic clonidine treatment.
      These findings are discussed in light of a proposed intermediary role of 5HT
      systems in the mode of action of clonidine in the treatment of Tourette's
      disorder.

PMID- 6595492
TI  - Pathophysiology of exercise performance in muscle disease.
AB  - Diseases of skeletal muscles (myopathies) produce two major patterns of exercise
      intolerance. In muscular dystrophies, there is a progressive loss of muscle
      fibers which results in increasing muscle weakness and reduced VO2max due to the
      loss of functional muscle mass. In disorders of muscle energy metabolism, muscle
      bulk and resting strength are preserved, but an imbalance in muscle energy
      production and utilization in exercise results in exertional muscle pain,
      cramping, weakness, or fatigue. Isometric exercise is impaired by disorders of
      anaerobic glycolysis. Dynamic exercise is limited by disorders of oxidative
      metabolism. Maximal oxygen uptake is low in mitochondrial myopathies which affect
      pyruvate oxidation and electron transport and in glycolytic disorders which limit
      the availability of carbohydrate for oxidation during high-intensity exercise. In
      carnitine palmityl transferase deficiency (under non-fasting conditions) VO2max
      is normal. Excessive cardiopulmonary responses to exercise occur in some
      mitochondrial myopathies and in myophosphorylase deficiency and may contribute to
      exercise intolerance in these diseases.

PMID- 6595493
TI  - Neuromuscular diseases as models of cardiovascular regulation during exercise.
AB  - This article reviews the research performed to date on the cardiovascular
      responses to exercise in patients with neuromuscular diseases and lesions
      affecting the transmission of afferent impulses from skeletal muscle. These
      studies have provided important information about the roles of central command
      and reflexes from skeletal muscle afferents in circulatory control. Few animal
      models of neuromuscular diseases are available. Studies of patients with specific
      defects in skeletal muscle energy metabolism are particularly valuable because
      the local metabolic state participates in both systemic and local cardiovascular
      regulation. In patients with certain muscle metabolic defects (e.g., McArdle's
      disease, carnitine deficiency) cardiac output is normal at rest but increases
      excessively in relation to oxygen uptake during exercise. The excessive increase
      in cardiac output during exercise can be totally or partially normalized by
      increasing the availability of substrate to exercising muscle. These studies
      provide unique insights into the specific metabolic factors which are involved in
      cardiovascular regulation.

PMID- 6595494
TI  - Effect on lipoproteins of Trisequens, a combined hormone preparation.
AB  - Lipoprotein concentrations were measured in 31 post-menopausal women during 1 yr
      of treatment with Trisequens, a natural oestrogen-progestogen preparation. Serum
      triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein
      cholesterol concentrations did not change significantly, but low density
      lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations fell over the first 6 mth. After 1 yr none
      of the lipoprotein fractions differed significantly in concentration from pre
      treatment levels.

PMID- 6595495
TI  - Chromosome abnormalities in leukemia: a review.

PMID- 6595496
TI  - The use of sealants in a public health dental program.

PMID- 6595497
TI  - Eating disorders: self-help and treatment in Missouri.

PMID- 6595499
TI  - [Statistical study of temporomandibular joint disorders].

PMID- 6595498
TI  - Erythroleukemia (K562) cells contain a functional beta-globin gene.
AB  - K562 cells are human erythroid cells that synthesize embryonic and fetal globins
      but not adult beta-globin. A cloned beta-globin gene was isolated from K562 cells
      and transfected into HeLa cells. The RNA transcripts produced were comparable in
      both amount and size to those obtained with a normal beta-globin gene.

PMID- 6595500
TI  - [Use of a particular orthodontic technic for the separation of the roots of
      molars with Lindhe 3rd degree inter-radicular involvement].

PMID- 6595501
TI  - [Quantitative analysis of facial sensitivity in normal adult individuals].

PMID- 6595502
TI  - [Technical-ergonomic rationale for an electrical stimulator for the dental pulp
      of our design].

PMID- 6595503
TI  - [Preliminary survey on the use of RBC P10, as a method of splinting].

PMID- 6595504
TI  - [Possible relations between root cysts and follicular cysts in the mixed
      dentition].

PMID- 6595505
TI  - [Endodontic and periodontal surgery in root surgery].

PMID- 6595506
TI  - [Post-stimulation electromyographic tracings of the occlusal muscles of the
      mandible].

PMID- 6595507
TI  - [Morphology of the human ameloblasts during maturation: a scanning electron
      microscopy study. Preliminary observations].

PMID- 6595508
TI  - [Pain of dentin and pulp origins].

PMID- 6595509
TI  - [Gingival lesions due to improper methods of oral hygiene].

PMID- 6595510
TI  - [Various types of rare cysts of the jaw bone. Classification. Hemorrhagic cysts
      (I)].

PMID- 6595511
TI  - [Replication technic in scanning electron microscopy: possibilities for use in
      the field of biology. Comparative study of various materials and methods].

PMID- 6595512
TI  - [Electric stimulation of the dental pulp as a stimulus for the inhibition of the
      mandibular occlusal musculature: technical considerations].

PMID- 6595513
TI  - [Observations on the periodontal status of patients with orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6595515
TI  - [Criteria for publication of an orthodontic paper].

PMID- 6595514
TI  - [Case of prognathism with severe open bite in total edentulousness].

PMID- 6595516
TI  - [Orthodontic-surgical treatment of a unilateral transverse defect of the upper
      jaw].

PMID- 6595517
TI  - [Clinical orthodontic records].

PMID- 6595518
TI  - [Use of repositioning plates in orthodontics].

PMID- 6595519
TI  - [Class III with open bite in adults].

PMID- 6595520
TI  - [Presentation of the orthodontic-surgical treatment of Class III cases. (The
      Coben evaluation)].

PMID- 6595521
TI  - [Repositioning of the lower incisors in the orthodontic-surgical treatment of
      Class III malocclusions].

PMID- 6595522
TI  - Genetic engineering. Rifkin's foot in the door.

PMID- 6595524
TI  - Emergency medical services in North Carolina.

PMID- 6595523
TI  - Vasopressin-induced pressor responses to carotid occlusion in the rat.
AB  - We studied the effect of carotid occlusion on blood pressure in cordotomized
      rats. Occlusion of both common carotid arteries resulted in an increase in blood
      pressure. This response was unaffected by denervation of the sinus and aortic
      nerves, and vagi. The response to occlusion was blocked by intravenous
      administration of a vasopressin antagonist, d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)arginine-vasopressin,
      but not by intravenous administration of hexamethonium or captopril. Further,
      microinjection of procaine into the paraventricular nuclei abolished the pressor
      response to occlusion. Thus, it appears that in cordotomized rats carotid
      occlusion causes release of vasopressin and this in turn results in an elevation
      of blood pressure. The arterial baroreceptors are not essential for the pressor
      response.

PMID- 6595525
TI  - A philosophy for the care of trauma patients with multiple musculoskeletal
      injuries.

PMID- 6595526
TI  - New principles of resuscitation for brain and spinal injury.

PMID- 6595527
TI  - North Carolina Statewide Trauma Center Outreach Program.

PMID- 6595528
TI  - Trauma care delivery in eastern North Carolina.

PMID- 6595529
TI  - The interagency incident management system: an important element in successful
      prehospital emergency medical care.

PMID- 6595530
TI  - Seat belts pay off.

PMID- 6595531
TI  - Canker sores, aphthous ulcers, mouth ulcers.

PMID- 6595534
TI  - "To see a world in a grain of sand and a heaven in a wild flower"--oleander
      poisoning.

PMID- 6595532
TI  - Activities of the North Carolina Committee on Trauma of the American College of
      Surgeons.

PMID- 6595533
TI  - The University of North Carolina--North Carolina Memorial Hospital Statewide
      Trauma Center: how to make bricks without straw.

PMID- 6595535
TI  - Source of hair in a pilonidal sinus.

PMID- 6595537
TI  - Public relations: a powerful marketing tool.

PMID- 6595536
TI  - Overlap between public health and private physician.

PMID- 6595538
TI  - 'Tis the season to do folly: horrendous holiday horticultural happenings.

PMID- 6595539
TI  - A report on the use of a family nurse practitioner to reduce industrial health
      care costs.

PMID- 6595540
TI  - [Prognosis of acute lymphatic leukemia in children].

PMID- 6595541
TI  - [Gilles de la Tourette syndrome].

PMID- 6595542
TI  - [The well-differentiated intraosseus osteosarcoma].

PMID- 6595543
TI  - Autonomously functioning thyroid adenomas.

PMID- 6595544
TI  - Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.

PMID- 6595545
TI  - Treatment of ovarian vein thrombosis.

PMID- 6595546
TI  - Gunshot wound of the brachiocephalic artery with peripheral bullet embolization.

PMID- 6595547
TI  - Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen in tuberculous pericarditis.

PMID- 6595548
TI  - The value of echocardiography in left atrial myxoma in a child.

PMID- 6595549
TI  - Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the elderly.

PMID- 6595550
TI  - The influence of race and other factors on the outcome of intracranial surgery
      for cerebral artery aneurysms.

PMID- 6595551
TI  - Autonomous thyroid nodule with intermittent excess hormonogenesis.

PMID- 6595552
TI  - Ovarian vein thrombosis mimicking ectopic pregnancy.

PMID- 6595553
TI  - Congenital pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.

PMID- 6595554
TI  - Respiratory failure in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

PMID- 6595555
TI  - Transient acquired factor X deficiency associated with pneumonia.

PMID- 6595556
TI  - Animals in medical research: controversy in Europe and the United States.

PMID- 6595557
TI  - Myocardial infarction and sudden death in Auckland.
AB  - A population-based register of definite myocardial infarction and sudden death
      was established in Auckland for the twelve months from 1 March 1981. Data were
      collected on 905 myocardial infarctions and 300 sudden deaths that occurred in
      people under the age of 70 years. The age standardised event rates were more than
      three times higher in men than in women. The rates of myocardial infarction were
      comparable in Maoris and non-Maoris but the sudden death rate was almost three
      times higher in Maoris than in the other ethnic groups. The age standardised 28
      day myocardial infarction case fatality rates were 27% and 21% for men and women
      respectively. Overall, 42% of patients who reached hospital were transported by a
      life support unit, and 59% of patients who reached a coronary care unit did so
      within four hours of onset.

PMID- 6595558
TI  - The transfusion of HLA-matched platelets to thrombocytopenic patients resistant
      to random donor platelets.
AB  - Histocompatibility (HLA) matched platelet concentrates, harvested from voluntary
      donors by plateletpheresis using blood cell separators, were used in the
      treatment of 14 thrombocytopenic patients who had become unresponsive to the
      transfusion of random platelet concentrates. In all patients bleeding stopped.
      Platelet concentrates contained a mean of 3.56 X 10(11) platelets/l. The average
      increase in platelet count was 33 X 10(9)/l. The use of HLA matched platelet
      transfusions should be considered in bleeding thrombocytopenic patients
      refractory to the transfusion of random platelets.

PMID- 6595559
TI  - Oral theophylline and asthma.

PMID- 6595560
TI  - Extensive pre-operative shaving: a costly exercise.
AB  - We studied the effect of pre-operative shaving on clean operation wound infection
      rates. The patients of a general surgeon were used in this study. There was a
      clean wound infection rate of 2.9% when routine extensive pre-operative shaving
      was used, and 1.5% during a period when shaving was not used. Other surgeons'
      patients who were nursed under matched conditions had clean wound infection rates
      of 2.7% and 1.3% respectively during these periods. We suggest that no advantage
      in shaving patients can be demonstrated in terms of wound infection rates.

PMID- 6595561
TI  - Chloroquine poisoning.

PMID- 6595562
TI  - Leukopenia due to a trimethoprim-azathioprine interaction.

PMID- 6595563
TI  - Acute peroneal compartment syndrome.

PMID- 6595564
TI  - The dexamethasone suppression test in long-stay patients and the effect of
      mianserin.

PMID- 6595565
TI  - Cryptosporidium infestation.

PMID- 6595566
TI  - Death from asthma in Auckland: circumstances and validation of causes.
AB  - New Zealand has experienced an epidemic of asthma deaths since 1977 with
      mortality rates of over 3.0/100 000 for people aged 5-34 years, more than three
      times the rate of comparable countries. To examine the reasons for this high
      mortality rate all deaths from asthma in people under 70 years in the Auckland
      region in 1981-82 were investigated. A total of 84 possible cases were studied
      and the validity of death certificates was found to be excellent for people under
      the age of 50 years. Fifty-three cases had usefully reversible asthma at the time
      of death and the mortality rate was almost four times higher in Pacific Islanders
      than in caucasians, with the Maori rate being intermediate. Sixty-seven percent
      (35) of the deaths in people with usefully reversible asthma occurred at home. In
      only 40% of cases had the patient reached some form of medical care. No deaths
      occurred in the patients admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of asthma during
      this period.

PMID- 6595567
TI  - Thoracic empyema due to Streptococcus milleri: four cases.
AB  - Four cases of Streptococcus milleri empyema occurring over a six month period are
      reported. Empyema was post-pneumonic in three patients and followed blunt
      abdominal and chest trauma in one patient. There was an absence of serious
      underlying disease in these patients and management consisted of tube drainage,
      lavage of the pleural space and prolonged intrapleural and systemically
      administered antibiotic therapy. Complete recovery was achieved in three patients
      and a satisfactory result in the other without surgical intervention. The
      clinical and microbiological features of this group of patients are reviewed.

PMID- 6595568
TI  - Health trends.

PMID- 6595569
TI  - Femoral neck fracture: a preventable phenomenon?
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to examine the problem of femoral neck fracture in
      the elderly New Zealand citizen, and to consider the prospects for prevention.
      Data are drawn chiefly from the Accident Compensation Corporation's claims data
      base, which has enabled identification of the mechanism of accident associated
      with such fractures. The data reveal a relative preponderance of femoral neck
      fracture in females of advanced age. In this group, the typical accident sequence
      is found to be mundane, 84% of victims falling to the ground without involvement
      of external agency. It is concluded that the resulting fractures are largely
      attributable to the heightened vulnerability of the subject as opposed to the
      magnitude of the blow. Hence, an appropriate intervention strategy should be
      aimed at strengthening the bone structure of individuals at risk. The
      practicability of this approach is discussed with particular reference to calcium
      and hormonal supplements. It is noted that cost and other factors make
      identification of a high risk sub-population desirable. Modern methods of bone
      density measurement have enhanced the feasibility of this procedure.

PMID- 6595570
TI  - Perinatal mortality at a level 2 obstetric hospital: problems after 32 weeks
      gestation.
AB  - The aim of this study was to find ways to reduce perinatal mortality. At St
      Helens Hospital there were 9876 births in the four year period 1978-81 and 93
      perinatal deaths occurred, a perinatal mortality rate of 9.42 per 1000,
      stillbirths 6.58 and early neonatal deaths 2.84. Since 1971 the perinatal rate
      has been reduced by 29%. Perinatal anoxia was the major cause of death affecting
      56 (5.67 per 1000). Only one infant each died of obstetric trauma, and
      respiratory distress syndrome, 0.1 per 1000. Infection affected four (0.4 per
      1000) and lethal congenital abnormalities 24 (2.43 per 1000). Potentially medical
      avoidable factors were found to have occurred in 31% of the mothers and patient
      avoidable factors in 6% of mainly late or unbooked mothers. Unsure or incorrect
      dates in many mothers increased the difficulties in the recognition of infants
      with intrauterine growth retardation who are at high risk of hypoxia.

PMID- 6595571
TI  - Myalgic encephalomyelitis.

PMID- 6595572
TI  - Blood lead levels in the New Zealand population: preliminary communication.

PMID- 6595573
TI  - Diagnosis of urinary tract infection in patients with gram negative bacteraemia.

PMID- 6595574
TI  - Hepatitis B infection in New Zealand children.
AB  - Hepatitis B markers were tested for in 2001 samples of serum from those aged 0-21
      years. There was a prevalence in Europeans of hepatitis B of 10% with a 2% of
      HBsAg carriage rate. For Maoris the prevalence was 25% with a 6% HBsAg carriage
      rate. The highest carriage rate was in the northern districts.

PMID- 6595576
TI  - Assessment of elderly people prior to institutional care.

PMID- 6595575
TI  - Iodide excretion in a salt-restriction trial.
AB  - Twenty-four hour urinary iodide excretion was measured twice, with a four month
      interval, in 133 individuals who were in a 12-month salt-restriction study in an
      area where iodine-deficiency goitre was once common and where most household salt
      is iodised. Half the subjects were salt restricted; their mean 24 h sodium
      excretion after eight months was 89 mmol for men and 73 mmol for women. Iodide
      excretion correlated with sodium excretion in the whole group on each occasion.
      After eight months mean 24 h iodide excretion in the salt-restricted group (men
      1.3 SD 0.6 mumol, women 1.1 SD 0.4 mumol) was lower (p less than 0.01) than that
      in the control group (men 1.8 SD 0.8 mumol, women 1.7 SD 0.8 mumol), but was
      reasonable in terms of recommended dietary allowances (1.2 mumol, 150 mg). Mean
      iodide content of local milk was 1.3 mumol/l. Any salt that is used in the home
      should continue to be iodised. However, it has become unnecessary in this
      population to use salt (ie, iodised salt) simply in order to avoid iodine
      deficiency, so long as other foodstuffs continue to contain iodine as at present.
      As the other sources of iodine may be subject to change, the adequacy of intake
      of iodine from these sources should be monitored from time to time in samples of
      the population.

PMID- 6595577
TI  - Food faddists.

PMID- 6595578
TI  - The use of computers in medical information systems.

PMID- 6595579
TI  - Neonatal seizures: aetiology and outcome.
AB  - Neonatal seizures occurred in 23 infants, a rate of 2.33 per 1000, 1978-81. In
      two infants these were due to congenital central nervous system malformation and
      in two infants hypocalcaemia. Hypoxic encephalopathy was the cause of the
      seizures in 19 infants, two of whom also suffered perinatal trauma. Pacific
      Island infants were overly represented in this group. The gestational age was 41,
      SD 1.8 weeks, birth weight 3140, SD 720 g; nine infants were 41 weeks or older
      although nine had unsure data and nine were small for gestational age. Despite
      vigorous resuscitation at birth, careful metabolic monitoring in the neonatal
      period and treatment with anti-convulsant medication, at follow-up evaluation 12
      (67%) of the infants with hypoxic encephalopathy died or had neurologic sequelae.

PMID- 6595580
TI  - Resuspended red cells and plasma volume expander usage.
AB  - The storage and transfusion of red cells resuspended in an additive solution has
      resulted in a substantial decrease in the use of whole blood. In the Auckland
      transfusion region, 87% of red cells transfused are now in this new form. This
      has not resulted in a commensurate increase in the use of plasma volume
      expanders, total usage of which has remained relatively static. The improved
      availability of plasma for blood component production is an important side
      benefit of the procedure which has also gained satisfactory clinical acceptance.
      The routine use of whole blood is a wasteful and inefficient practice in modern
      hospital therapy.

PMID- 6595581
TI  - Accident Compensation Corporation ongoing patient survey.

PMID- 6595582
TI  - Noise induced hearing loss.

PMID- 6595583
TI  - AIDS and blood transfusion in New Zealand.

PMID- 6595584
TI  - Successful short course for intradermal hepatitis B vaccine.

PMID- 6595585
TI  - "Busyness" vs. business: a crucial question for your future practice.

PMID- 6595587
TI  - Formal education: key to implantology's future.

PMID- 6595586
TI  - Splinting for stabilization: a conservative, esthetic and economical technique.

PMID- 6595588
TI  - Dental equipment maintenance in today's modern office.

PMID- 6595589
TI  - Franchise dentistry.

PMID- 6595590
TI  - [Chemical bleaching of non-vital discolored teeth].

PMID- 6595591
TI  - [A clinical case of tricho-dento-osseous syndrome].

PMID- 6595592
TI  - [Experimental study of a prophylactic paste: Nupro J&J].

PMID- 6595593
TI  - [Clinical observations on the use of Ketoprofene in dentistry].

PMID- 6595594
TI  - [Opening a dental office: selection and hiring of personnel].

PMID- 6595595
TI  - [Frenectomy with an apical flap].

PMID- 6595596
TI  - [Dentist-patient relations in dental ergonomics].

PMID- 6595597
TI  - [Present status in the field of dentinogenesis imperfecta].

PMID- 6595598
TI  - [10 years' occasional observations in neoplasms of the mouth].

PMID- 6595599
TI  - [Tc 99m in the diagnosis of the salivary glands].

PMID- 6595600
TI  - [Apexification. Closure induced in the open apex after pulp necrosis].

PMID- 6595601
TI  - [Nature and mechanism of action of an anti-caries vaccine].

PMID- 6595602
TI  - A dean looks at dental manpower in Ohio.

PMID- 6595603
TI  - The current status of preventive therapy.

PMID- 6595604
TI  - The impact of a caries-free society on dental practice.

PMID- 6595605
TI  - The recent fall in dental caries incidence.

PMID- 6595606
TI  - Computers: menus for better management.

PMID- 6595607
TI  - Computer contracts: discuss before you sign.

PMID- 6595608
TI  - Conservative treatment for extensive periapical pathosis.

PMID- 6595609
TI  - Nitrous oxide contamination in dentistry.

PMID- 6595610
TI  - Second nonocular tumors in retinoblastoma survivors. Are they radiation-induced?
AB  - A review of 693 patients with bilateral retinoblastoma and 18 patients with
      unilateral/germinal retinoblastoma was carried out to find the incidence, time,
      course and pattern of second nonocular tumors in retinoblastoma survivors. Of 688
      patients who survived therapeutic radiation for retinoblastoma, 89 developed
      second tumors: 62 in the field of radiation and 27 out of the field. Of 23
      patients who received no radiation, five developed second tumors: one in the
      field and four out of the field. The most common tumor found was a sarcoma both
      in and out of the field of radiation. The incidence of second tumors increases
      with time, although the mean latent period is 10.4 years. At 10 years, the
      incidence of second tumors is 20%, at 20 years, it is 50% and at 30 years, 90%.
      The incidence of tumors in patients treated without radiation and where tumors
      developed outside the field was 10% at 10 years, 30% at 20 years and 68% at 32
      years. There was no relationship between incidence of tumors and dose of
      therapeutic radiation when analyzed with life tables. A second course of
      radiation therapy did not increase the incidence of second nonocular tumors.

PMID- 6595611
TI  - A scanning electron microscopic study on the microflora of chronic pericoronitis
      of lower third molars.
AB  - In nine cases of chronic pericoronitis of lower third molars, the affected teeth
      were carefully removed with the follicles in situ and prepared for scanning
      electron microscopic (SEM) study. The study disclosed great heterogeneity in the
      distribution and density of microorganisms on hard as well as soft tissues
      surrounding the pericoronal pouch. Common features were presence of discrete
      microenvironments with clusters of bacteria, a decrease in the number of
      organisms toward the bottom of the pericoronal pouch, and the high proportion of
      spirochetes, which tended to increase in an apical direction. The study showed
      leukocytic activity in all areas, and phagocytosis apparently took place on the
      tissue surfaces within the pericoronal space.

PMID- 6595613
TI  - Sigmoid colon perforation: result of accidental swallowing of a toothpick.
AB  - Acute surgical abdomen is a very serious situation that arises in various medical
      conditions. Common among them are appendicitis, foreign-body ingestion, and
      intestinal obstruction or perforation. These complications usually require
      emergency abdominal surgery. A case of rectal bleeding accompanied by acute
      surgical abdomen following the accidental ingestion of a toothpick is described
      in this report.

PMID- 6595612
TI  - The neuronal basis for diplopia following local anesthetic injections.
AB  - The case report presented here describes a situation in which diplopia resulted
      as an effect secondary to maxillary infiltration anesthesia. Prior cases and
      theories regarding the mechanisms involved are reviewed, and a new theory
      explaining this phenomenon is proposed. The autonomic nervous system is presented
      as the logical basis for the untoward systems, rather than simple circulation of
      anesthetic solution in the vascular tree.

PMID- 6595614
TI  - A survey of complications in segmental orthognathic surgical procedures.
AB  - This article is a summary of responses of oral-maxillofacial surgeons to a
      questionnaire related to their experiences in dentoalveolar segmental osteotomy
      surgery. It is presented as an evaluation of complications and as an overview of
      medications, splinting techniques, and suggestions on measures to avoid future
      complications.

PMID- 6595615
TI  - Hemifacial hypertrophy affecting the maxillary dentition. Report of a case.
AB  - A case of hemihypertrophy affecting part of the right maxilla was followed for 8
      years with sequential radiographs. The effects of this unusual condition on the
      developing dentition were documented. Advanced root formation prior to active
      resorption, increased deposition of secondary dentin, and the histopathologic
      description of a tooth have not been previously recorded.

PMID- 6595616
TI  - Midline "nonhealing" granuloma.
AB  - Destructive processes of the midface can occur in a wide variety of diseases.
      Intrinsic in consideration of these is a cluster of lesions, including Wegener's
      granulomatosis (WG), idiopathic midline granuloma (IMG), polymorphic reticulosis
      (PR), and lymphoma. Although there is still confusion as to whether the latter
      three represent a spectrum of the same malignant process, there is general
      agreement that WG is a separate entity on the basis of clinical presentation and
      therapeutic response. It is probable that PR is an emergent lymphoma, with the
      same prognostic and therapeutic features. Idiopathic midline granuloma is
      clinically similar to PR and lymphoma, but histologically it appears to be
      inflammatory in nature with no clearly definable malignant cell type present. At
      this point in time three diseases are best collectively referred to as midline
      "nonhealing" granuloma. The cases presented represent the spectrum of this
      enigmatic process.

PMID- 6595617
TI  - Pseudocysts and retention cysts of the maxillary sinus.
AB  - The dome-shaped radiopaque shadows frequently seen on the floor of the maxillary
      sinus, and sometimes inaccurately referred to as antral mucoceles, appear to
      represent focal accumulation of inflammatory exudate that lifts the epithelial
      lining of the sinus and the periosteum away from the underlying bone to form the
      characteristically shaped structures. Their histologic appearance is therefore
      that of normal or inflamed maxillary sinus lining. There is no epithelium-lined
      cavity present beneath the sinus mucosa; consequently, the term pseudocyst of the
      maxillary sinus is advocated. Less commonly, epithelium-lined retention cysts,
      similar to those of the minor salivary glands, are found, but mucoceles of the
      type found in the oral cavity apparently do not occur in the maxillary sinus.

PMID- 6595619
TI  - Recurrent calcifying odontogenic cyst.
AB  - This article reports a recurrence of a calcifying odontogenic cyst which occurred
      5 years after the initial treatment. To date all recurrences of calcifying
      odontogenic cysts have been in elderly persons. The present recurrence was in an
      11-year-old girl.

PMID- 6595618
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic study of odontogenic keratocysts.
AB  - Three odontogenic keratocysts were examined with a scanning electron microscope
      (SEM) on their surface cells, prickle cells, basal cells, and the epithelial
      connective tissue interface. The microridges of the surface cells had a short,
      discontinuous, branched or beaded appearance. Intracellularly, the flattened
      keratinized cells formed a network consisting of delicate microfilaments. The
      prickle cells had numerous cytoplasmic projections and a large round nucleus that
      occupied most of the cytoplasm. The basal cells had two types of cytoplasmic
      process and a large oval polarized nucleus. The epithelium and the lamina propria
      were connected by a fibrous and fibrillar network.

PMID- 6595620
TI  - Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and cancer.
AB  - A 27-year-old white woman with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) associated with a
      rare but distinctive ovarian tumor, the sex cord tumor with annular tubules
      (SCTAT), is discussed. Pertinent oral manifestations of PJS and chemotherapy
      complications are illustrated by the case report. Traditionally, patients
      exhibiting PJS have not been considered at increased risk of cancer development.
      This case, coupled with a review of the recent literature, suggests that these
      patients are, indeed, at increased risk of malignant lesions of several organ
      systems.

PMID- 6595621
TI  - Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth.
AB  - Two thousand four hundred human permanent teeth were decalcified, injected with
      dye, and cleared in order to determine the number of root canals and their
      different types, the ramifications of the main root canals, the location of
      apical foramina and transverse anastomoses, and the frequency of apical deltas.

PMID- 6595622
TI  - Intracanal use of a corticosteroid solution as an endodontic anodyne.
AB  - In fifty consecutive clinical patients with endodontically involved teeth that
      responded with vital pulp test readings, a corticosteroid solution and a saline
      placebo were alternately used as an intracanal anodyne. The patients subjectively
      rated their pain on a scale of 0 to 100 as "none," "mild," "moderate," and
      "severe" (0 = none, 1 to 33 = mild, 34 to 66 = moderate, 67 and above = severe).
      The ratings were done before the first treatment and then at 24, 48, and 72 hours
      after treatment. Corticosteroid-treated and placebo-treated cases were not
      significantly different in terms of type of teeth treated, clinical pulpal
      diagnosis, and preoperative patient evaluation of pain. The results showed a
      decreased subjective report of pain for the corticosteroid cases as compared to
      the controls through the three posttreatment time periods (p less than 0.10). A
      statistically significant decreased incidence of pain was reported for the
      corticosteroid cases as compared to the control at the 24-hour time period (p
      less than 0.05). No clinical indication of infection was noted in either the
      corticosteroid or saline control cases.

PMID- 6595623
TI  - Tissue response to anodyne medicaments.
AB  - The tissue-irritating effect of anodyne medicaments was studied via enzyme
      histochemical evaluation of muscle tissue (screening test) and pulp tissue (usage
      test). Of the medicaments tested, formocresol was the most irritating, followed
      by Cresatin, eugenol, and oil of pimenta leaf. The effects of Cresatin, eugenol,
      and oil of pimenta leaf were not statistically distinguishable.

PMID- 6595624
TI  - A study of the radiographic aluminum equivalent values of the mandible.
AB  - A longitudinal study of bone changes in the mandible was conducted. Duplicate
      radiographs were taken at 3-month intervals with the use of a positioning
      instrument, which included an aluminum calibrating wedge. The in-duplicate values
      obtained over the investigation period made it possible to assess the precision
      of the method and to analyze effects that take place with time. Significant bone
      changes were observed in seven volunteers between various observation periods at
      intervals of 6 and 9 months.

PMID- 6595626
TI  - Salivary calculi and chronic sialoadenitis of the submandibular gland: a
      radiographic and histologic study.
AB  - This study correlated radiographic observations and histologic findings of
      submandibular glands with the diagnosis of salivary calculus and/or chronic
      sialoadenitis. During a 15-year period eighty-eight patients satisfied clinical
      requirements by having a radiographic examination performed prior to gland
      extirpation. Salivary calculi were present in 83% of the patients. The diagnostic
      accuracy of radiographs regarding salivary calculi in the submandibular gland
      system was 92%. Radiolucent calculi constituted 20% of the total number of cases
      with concrements. Failure to disclose concrements was caused by lack of contrast
      filling due to a damaged gland which presumably camouflaged radiolucent
      concretions. Ductal changes observed in sialograms corresponded to histologic
      changes in the glandular parenchyma in 96% of the cases. The absence of ductal
      change in sialograms did not necessarily indicate a nondiseased gland.

PMID- 6595625
TI  - Calcification in the stylohyoid ligament.
AB  - This article describes the incidence of calcification in the stylohyoid ligament
      in a sample of the patient population of the University of Mississippi School of
      Dentistry. The records of 479 patients were reviewed, with particular attention
      given to the panoramic radiograph. The patients ranged in age from 4 to 78 years,
      with a mean age of 29. There was a sharp increase in incidence of calcification
      during the first three decades of age from 45.3% in the first decade to 86.2% in
      the third, with a gradual increase from the fourth to the seventh decade (87.3%
      to 92%). The eighth decade, represented by nine patients, showed an incidence of
      100%. There appears to be no race predilection for calcification, a slight sex
      predilection for females, and an age incidence that seems to support both the
      developmental and degenerative theories of etiology of calcification in the
      stylohyoid ligament.

PMID- 6595627
TI  - Phantom cysts.

PMID- 6595628
TI  - Intraoral stab wound.

PMID- 6595629
TI  - [Secondary malignant tumor in a child with acute lymphoid leukemia after 5 years
      of complete remission].

PMID- 6595630
TI  - [Complex chromosome translocation in a case of congenital monocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6595631
TI  - Eating disorders and the pediatrician.

PMID- 6595632
TI  - Non-organic failure to thrive: a developmental perspective.
AB  - Like other segments of the child's development, eating behavior follows a
      sequential pattern. To understand the infant's or child's feeding problems which
      can lead to failure to thrive or dwarfism we propose that a child's progression
      be studied through three stages of development: homeostasis, attachment and
      separation-individuation. Specific feeding problems can arise at each of these
      stages of development and consequently impede the child's weight gain. During the
      period of homeostasis the infant learns to regulate himself, to suck, to swallow
      and to time the onset and termination of feedings by giving signals of hunger and
      fullness. If he is unable to master these, he cannot be fed effectively. Failure
      to master these basic feeding skills interferes with the next developmental task
      of attachment and also impedes development of motor skills, language and
      affective engagement. During the period of attachment, the infant establishes
      distinct interactional patterns with his caretakers. Lack of engagement between
      mother and infant leads to lack of pleasure and lack of appetite or even to
      severe dysfunctional feeding patterns like vomiting and rumination. Feeding
      problems in the third developmental stage of separation and individuation can
      arise because of maladaption in the attachment phase or because of new
      difficulties which center around issues of autonomy vs. dependency. At this
      stage, the infant learns means-end differentiation and begins to understand that
      his actions elicit certain consequences. If the infant's struggle between
      autonomy and dependency gets caught in the feeding situation, the infant's
      emotional needs can dictate his eating behavior. The infant refuses to eat either
      to have his emotional hunger for mother's attention met or to assert his autonomy
      and to express his anger toward her. In order for the infant to learn to
      differentiate between his physiological feelings of hunger and his emotional need
      states, the caregiver needs to give contingent responses by offering food when
      the infant is hungry and comfort when the infant is distressed. Feeding problems
      which can create, co-exist with, or result from a growth problem must be
      considered within a developmental context. As the infant progresses through the
      developmental stages of homeostasis, attachment, and separation, he masters phase
      appropriate feeding skills which help him to progress from reflex sucking to
      autonomous feeding. Early identification of maladaptive feeding behavior will
      assist the pediatrician in making timely interventions.

PMID- 6595633
TI  - [Is acute leukemia in children a curable disease?].

PMID- 6595634
TI  - [Constitutional features of children afflicted with bronchial asthma].

PMID- 6595635
TI  - [Clinical features of cytologic variants and subvariants of acute myeloid
      leukemia in children].

PMID- 6595636
TI  - The 'state of the State'--a look at 1984 & the future.

PMID- 6595637
TI  - Changing image of nurses.

PMID- 6595638
TI  - The impaired nurse.

PMID- 6595639
TI  - Impressions of a working visit to India.

PMID- 6595640
TI  - A polyester matrix system for a periodontally sound, acid-etched bonded veneer.

PMID- 6595641
TI  - Practice characteristics of Minnesota dentists age forty and younger: a baseline
      study.

PMID- 6595642
TI  - Three different mutations in codon 61 of the human N-ras gene detected by
      synthetic oligonucleotide hybridization.
AB  - The activation of ras genes in naturally occurring tumors has, thus far, been
      found to be due to mutations in codon 12 or 61 resulting in single amino acid
      substitutions. We have used highly labeled synthetic oligonucleotides to detect
      mutations in these codons and to determine the exact position of the mutation.
      Using this approach we have found three different mutations in codon 61 of the N
      ras gene of various human tumor cell lines. In the fibrosarcoma line HT1080 the
      first nucleotide of the codon is mutated; in the promyelocytic line HL60 the
      second and in the rhabdomyosarcoma line RD301 the third nucleotide. For RD301
      this implies that the normal glutamine residue at position 61 is replaced by
      histidine. In addition to the mutated N-ras gene the three cell lines have a
      normal N-ras gene which is indicative of the dominant character of the mutations.

PMID- 6595643
TI  - [Effect of oral sodium chloride load on plasma concentrations of cholesterol and
      its fractions and triglycerides in patients with primary hypertension].

PMID- 6595644
TI  - Case 7. Pulmonary alveolar septal calcinosis.

PMID- 6595646
TI  - [Epidemiology of retained teeth].

PMID- 6595645
TI  - Neurosurgical treatment of chronic pain.

PMID- 6595647
TI  - [Economic effect of fluoride in the prevention of dental caries].

PMID- 6595648
TI  - [Oroantral communication].

PMID- 6595649
TI  - [Developmental trends in dental ceramics].

PMID- 6595650
TI  - [Relation between chronological age and dental stages].

PMID- 6595651
TI  - [Application of ultrasound in dentistry].

PMID- 6595652
TI  - [Incidence of orthodontic anomalies and orthodontic treatment needs in the child
      population of Ceske Budejovice and Blansko].

PMID- 6595653
TI  - [The use of rubber bands in orthodontics].

PMID- 6595654
TI  - Relationship of approximal caries and the contact area.

PMID- 6595655
TI  - Kinetic circular dichroism shows that the S-peptide alpha-helix of ribonuclease S
      unfolds fast and refolds slowly.
AB  - It is shown that circular dichroism (CD) can distinguish between the S-peptide
      and the S-protein fragments of RNase S at 225 nm and 235 nm. The conformational
      source for the strong CD at 225 nm is the S-peptide alpha-helix. The structural
      assignment of the CD at 235 nm is not clear but it is shown to be largely due to
      the S-protein moiety. This situation is utilized to monitor the kinetics of pH
      induced unfolding and refolding of the two moieties. It is observed that major
      changes occur both in the fast and slow phases of unfolding as well as refolding.
      Specifically, the S-peptide alpha-helix unzippering is a fast reaction, followed
      by slow kinetics only at 235 nm. These latter kinetics parallel the appearance of
      the slow-folding species commonly attributed to the accumulation of non-native
      proline isomers. In refolding, a large fraction of the CD of S-protein at 235 nm
      recovers rapidly. The S-peptide alpha-helix zippers up last. These results are
      unexpected and their implications for the folding mechanism of ribonuclease are
      discussed.

PMID- 6595656
TI  - Covalently bound myristate in a lymphoma tyrosine protein kinase.
AB  - The murine lymphoma cell line LSTRA expresses high levels of a membrane
      associated tyrosine protein kinase, which we now show to be acylated by
      [3H]myristate in vivo. This [3H]myristate-labeled tyrosine protein kinase is
      immunoprecipitated from detergent extracts of postnuclear particulate fractions
      with an antibody directed against its single site of tyrosine phosphorylation.
      This site has an amino acid sequence also found in the transforming proteins of
      the Rous sarcoma and Y73 viruses. Preincubation of the antibody with a peptide
      containing the same sequence completely blocks this immunoprecipitation. The
      [3H]myristate linkage to the protein is stable in boiling 2% NaDodSO4/0.125 M
      Tris Cl, pH 6.7/5% 2-mercaptoethanol, which suggests an amide rather than an
      ester linkage. Analogous attempts to label with [3H]palmitate show negligible
      incorporation into either nonnuclear particulate proteins or immunoprecipitated
      proteins. Chemical characterization of the immunoprecipitated protein isolated by
      NaDodSO4/PAGE verifies that the 3H label is in protein-associated myristate.
      Sonicated 5% NaDodSO4 extracts of LSTRA and YAC-1 (another murine lymphoma line)
      cells contain quite different distributions of myristoylated proteins.

PMID- 6595657
TI  - The intracellular pathway and assembly of newly formed variable surface
      glycoprotein of Trypanosoma brucei.
AB  - Pulse-chase experiments using L-[35S]methionine suggest that Trypanosoma brucei
      MITat 1.2 variable surface glycoprotein (VSG) synthesized in the rough
      endoplasmic reticulum, a process that takes 6-8 min, is shuttled to the Golgi
      complex 8 min later. Labeling of ultrathin frozen sections with affinity-purified
      anti-cross-reacting determinant (CRD) IgG followed by protein A-colloidal gold
      shows that the CRD is localized in the trans-Golgi region. cis-Golgi is not
      labeled. VSG, when solubilized by treatment with the detergent Nonidet P-40,
      behaves on sucrose density gradients as a non-membrane protein with a
      sedimentation value of 5 S. In contrast, VSG solubilized in the presence of
      Zwittergent TM 3-14 yielded several VSG-containing fractions greater than 5 S,
      and only the 5S fraction contained the CRD. Lack of the CRD in VSG complexes with
      sedimentation values greater than 5 S suggests that this determinant is either
      masked from antibody, perhaps by involvement in polymer formation, or represents
      the membrane form of VSG recently described by Cardoso de Almeida and Turner
      [Cardoso de Almeida, M. L. & Turner, M. J. (1983) Nature (London) 302, 349-352].

PMID- 6595658
TI  - Mammalian brain and erythrocyte carboxyl methyltransferases are similar enzymes
      that recognize both D-aspartyl and L-isoaspartyl residues in structurally altered
      protein substrates.
AB  - Two purified isozymes of protein carboxyl methyltransferase from bovine brain
      catalyze the substoichiometric transfer of methyl groups in vitro from S-adenosyl
      L-[methyl-3H]methionine to several erythrocyte membrane proteins, which include
      bands 2.1, 3, and 4.1, as well as several integral membrane polypeptides. D
      Aspartic acid beta-[3H]methyl ester has been isolated from proteolytic digests of
      these methylated proteins, suggesting that protein D-aspartyl residues can serve
      as methyl-acceptor sites for the two brain enzymes. This formation of D-aspartic
      acid beta-[3H]methyl ester is competitively inhibited by the peptide L-Val-L-Tyr
      L-Pro-L-isoAsp-Gly-L-Ala, which contains an L-aspartyl residue in an unusual beta
      peptide linkage. Since this peptide is a stoichiometric substrate for the brain
      methyltransferases, it appears that one enzymatic activity can catalyze methyl
      ester formation at both D-aspartyl and L-isoaspartyl sites. In these respects,
      the activity of both brain isozymes closely resembles those previously described
      for the erythrocyte enzyme. The results are discussed in terms of a model in
      which derivatized aspartyl residues in proteins, arising by either racemization
      or isomerization, are recognized by the methyltransferase; the enzyme may
      function in either the metabolism or correction of the altered structures. The
      presence of a similar enzyme in both translationally active (brain) and inactive
      (erythrocyte) tissues suggests that the reactions are of general importance to
      cellular integrity.

PMID- 6595659
TI  - Effects of pH on the structure and function of carboxypeptidase A:
      crystallographic studies.
AB  - High-resolution crystal structures are described for carboxypeptidase A (EC
      3.4.17.1) in crystals grown at pH 8.5, 9.0, and 9.5 and compared with the
      structure at pH 7.5. The comparison shows that in the pH range of 7.5-9.5 the
      enzyme structure is practically unchanged, and, most importantly, that the
      flexible side chain of Tyr-248 remains exclusively in the "up" position, away
      from the Zn atom, throughout the pH range. There is no evidence for binding of
      Tyr-248 to Zn at any of these pH values. We conclude that the interaction of Tyr
      248 with Zn is not an essential part of the mechanism of carboxypeptidase A and
      that its occurrence is an artifact of chemical modification of Tyr-248. It is
      also suggested that Tyr-248 is not uniquely associated with the observed high pK
      of the enzymatic hydrolysis.

PMID- 6595660
TI  - alpha-Amanitin-insensitive transcription of mouse beta major-globin 5'-flanking
      and structural gene sequences correlates with mRNA expression.
AB  - A small proportion of the RNAs of mouse reticulocytes consists of beta major
      globin mRNA sequences linked to sequences transcribed from the 5'-flanking region
      of the beta major-globin gene. These upstream RNAs are polyadenylylated and
      contain 700-800 nucleotides, and their 5' regions are heterogeneous. RNAs with
      similar or identical 5' regions are transcribed in cell-free extracts from a
      circular mouse beta major-globin gene template. Synthesis of most of the upstream
      RNAs in vitro is not inhibited by low levels (1 microgram/ml) of alpha-amanitin,
      indicating that they are transcribed by an enzyme(s) different from RNA
      polymerase II. During culture of mouse erythroleukemia cells with dimethyl
      sulfoxide, globin mRNA and upstream RNAs accumulate with similar kinetics. In
      contrast, upstream RNAs are not detected in hemin-treated cells.

PMID- 6595662
TI  - Toxin-antitoxin selection for isolating somatic cell fusion products between any
      cell types.
AB  - A selective system was developed that permits the isolation of heterokaryons and
      cell hybrids between any cell types without the use of selectable genetic
      markers. Antibodies were introduced into two populations of non-transformed
      normal diploid human fibroblasts by the osmotic lysis of pinosomes containing
      hypertonic antibody solutions. Heterokaryons formed by fusing antiricin-injected
      cells to antidiphtheria toxin-injected cells survived an overnight treatment in
      both ricin and diphtheria toxin. This approach should have general applicability
      to a variety of investigations such as the complementation analysis of human
      genetic syndromes, heterokaryon studies of cell differentiation, tumorigenesis
      and growth control, cell reconstruction experiments, and the production of
      hybridoma cells.

PMID- 6595661
TI  - Leukemia-derived growth factor (non-interleukin-2) produced by murine lymphoma T
      cell lines.
AB  - Autocrine growth factor activity was found in supernatants of AKR T-cell lymphoma
      lines cultured in serum-free medium. This factor was designated leukemia-derived
      growth factor (LDGF). Active supernatants stimulated the growth of the AKR murine
      T-cell lymphoma line SL 12, its cloned derivatives, and all other murine T-cell
      lymphoma lines tested. Growth factor activity in conditioned medium was found to
      be different from interleukin 2 (IL-2) and several other known growth factors.
      LDGF was able to stimulate growth of the human leukemia T-cells MOLT4f, and the
      LDGF from MOLT4f cells stimulated the mouse cells. Because mouse T-cell lymphoma
      lines produced and respond to this factor, it may support the continued
      proliferation of these cells and could be responsible for their malignant in vivo
      properties.

PMID- 6595663
TI  - Dissociation between testicular organogenesis and endocrine cytodifferentiation
      of Sertoli cells.
AB  - Differentiation of the rat testis from the undifferentiated primordium begins
      with the appearance of a new cell type characterized by a large and clear
      cytoplasm. These cells aggregate, enclose germ cells, and progressively form
      seminiferous cords. Therefore, they were considered primordial Sertoli cells. A
      similar process was obtained in vitro in explants cultured in a synthetic medium.
      On the contrary, when fetal calf serum was added to the medium, the organization
      of seminiferous cords was impaired; large clear cells appeared, but they did not
      aggregate. Instead, they remained scattered throughout the abnormal gonad. The
      present experiments were undertaken to verify whether these cells are in fact
      Sertoli cells. The production of Mullerian inhibitor is a marker of fetal Sertoli
      cells. Therefore, undifferentiated gonadal primordia from 12-day 16-hr old male
      rat fetuses were cultured for 2 days in vitro with serum and then associated for
      3 days with 14.5-day-old sex ducts from female fetuses. Mullerian ducts were
      inhibited as well by the abnormal cordless gonads as by those with differentiated
      sex cords. These experiments confirm previous views on testicular development and
      demonstrate that differentiation of Sertoli cells may take place quite
      independently of the testicular cord formation.

PMID- 6595664
TI  - Cytological mapping of the human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene distal to
      the fragile-X site suggests a high rate of meiotic recombination across this
      site.
AB  - The human gene for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) has been
      subregionally mapped to band Xq28 by segregation analysis in rodent-human somatic
      cell hybrids [Pai, G. S., Sprinkel, J. A., Do, T. T., Mareni, C. E. & Migeon, B.
      R. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77, 2810-2813]. We have previously reported
      a common type of X-linked mental retardation associated with an inducible fragile
      site at Xq27-Xq28 segregates in a close linkage relationship with a G6PD variant,
      but the relative position of G6PD with respect to the fragile site has not yet
      been established. This fragile-X syndrome has been shown to be closely linked
      also to a Taq I restriction fragment length polymorphism detected by a cDNA probe
      for factor IX, and the latter locus has been mapped to the subtelomeric region
      Xq26-Xq28 [Camerino, G., Mattei, M. G., Mattei, G. F., Jaye, B. & Mandel, J. L.
      (1983) Nature (London) 306, 701-704]. The in situ hybridization studies reported
      here provide strong evidence that G6PD is located on the Xq telomeric fragment
      distal to the fragile site. These observations and the well-established knowledge
      that the genes for Deutan and Protan colorblindness are closely linked to G6PD,
      but segregate independently of factor IX deficiency, suggest that the fragile
      site associated with this type of X-linked mental retardation occurs in a region
      prone to high frequency of meiotic recombination.

PMID- 6595665
TI  - Both cholera toxin-induced adenylate cyclase activation and cholera toxin
      biological activity are inhibited by antibodies against related synthetic
      peptides.
AB  - The immune response against six synthetic peptides corresponding to various
      segments of the B subunit of cholera toxin was evaluated. Conjugates in which the
      peptides were covalently linked to tetanus toxoid served for immunization of
      rabbits. As previously reported, four of these conjugates elicited antibodies
      cross-reactive with intact cholera toxin. We report here that antisera against
      two of these synthetic peptides inhibit the entire spectrum of activities of the
      intact cholera toxin. This is manifested both on the biochemical level (adenylate
      cyclase induction) and on the biological effect (intestinal fluid secretion).
      These results indicate that these peptides may serve as suitable candidates for
      preparation of a synthetic anticholera vaccine.

PMID- 6595666
TI  - Transplantation of human or rodent tumors into cyclosporine-treated mice: a
      feasible model for studies of tumor biology and chemotherapy.
AB  - Total growth of transplanted human or rodent tumors in the subrenal capsule of
      mice was much improved by treatment with cyclosporine (CSA, cyclosporin A). Tumor
      size increased rapidly between days 6 and 12 after implantation, CSA injected on
      days 1-5 or 2-8 prevented tumor regression. In contrast, immunologic regression
      occurred after 6 days in absence of the drug. Tumor growth was comparable in CSA
      treated mice, athymic nude mice with human tumors, or normal mice with syngeneic
      rodent tumors. Studies with rodent tumors in syngeneic mice showed that the CSA
      treatments had no antitumor effect. Inflammatory infiltration was seen on days 6
      12 after tumor implantation into control mice. Immunoperoxidase staining showed
      murine T cells to be prominent in the infiltrate. In contrast, tumors in CSA
      treated mice contained minimal inflammatory infiltrate even 12 days after
      implantation. Allogeneic tumors in CSA-treated mice caused neovascularization,
      metastases, and local invasion into the kidney. cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum
      showed highly significant activity against human tumors in CSA-treated mice
      during the period 6-10 days after tumor implantation but showed no statistically
      significant antitumor activity 0-6 days after implantation in mice not treated
      with CSA. We suggest that in CSA-treated mice the subrenal capsule assay for
      tumor growth provides a rapid, economical model for investigations in vivo of
      mouse or human tumor biology, for drug screening with a standard tumor, or for
      determination of optimal treatment of particular human tumors.

PMID- 6595667
TI  - Necrosin: purification and properties of a cytotoxin derived from a murine
      macrophage-like cell line.
AB  - An acidic proteinaceous cytotoxin was isolated from the serum-free, cell-free
      supernatants of J774.1 (a murine macrophage-like line) cells that had been
      treated with bacterial endotoxin. Cytotoxic activity was routinely monitored
      using the sensitive murine tumorigenic fibroblast line L-M. The toxin was
      purified 8000-fold by ion-exchange and electrophoretic procedures. It was
      purified to greater than 90% homogeneity, as assessed by photometric scanning of
      silver-stained NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels. The specific activity of the
      purified toxin was 32,000 units/microgram. The toxin was composed of self
      aggregating non-sulfhydryl-linked multimers of a Mr 15,000 subunit. The pI of the
      monomer was 4.6. The active multimeric forms, as assessed by gel filtration and
      assayed using L-M cells, were of Mr 70,000 and 55,000. These forms were identical
      to those observed both in crude supernatants and in purified fractions that had
      not been subjected to denaturing agents. We call these forms "holotoxins" and
      conclude that they are aggregates of the Mr 15,000 protein. The purified toxin (1
      1000 pM, 0.06-60 ng/ml) was active against a random assortment of tumorigenic and
      normal cell lines of murine, bovine, and human origin. For example, the diploid
      bovine endothelial line CPAE was nearly as sensitive as the L-M line.
      Similarities to other toxic macrophage products, lymphotoxin, and tumor necrosis
      factor are discussed.

PMID- 6595668
TI  - Interferon induces pulmonary cysts in A2G mice.
AB  - Suckling A2G mice were treated for the first week of life with either partially
      purified or electrophoretically pure mouse alpha/beta interferon. All mice
      subsequently developed multiple large pulmonary cysts. The lesions were never
      found in interferon-treated Swiss mice and only very infrequently in interferon
      treated BALB/c or F1 Swiss/A2G mice. These observations show that a brief
      exposure of suckling A2G mice to alpha/beta interferon can result in a severe
      disease that is determined by the mouse genotype.

PMID- 6595669
TI  - Expression of the beta-nerve growth factor gene correlates with the density of
      sympathetic innervation in effector organs.
AB  - Although beta-nerve growth factor (NGF), a protein necessary for survival and
      development of sympathetic neurons, is believed to be a trophic factor that is
      produced by sympathetic effector organs, its synthesis by these tissues has never
      been conclusively demonstrated. Using an assay capable of detecting 10 fg of
      mRNA, we measured the level of NGF mRNA in tissues innervated by sympathetic
      neurons. NGF mRNA was detected unambiguously in each tissue at a level that
      appeared to be more than enough to account for the low levels of NGF protein
      previously detected. Tissues that were densely innervated had comparatively high
      levels of NGF mRNA, while those with sparser innervation had lower levels. There
      was a strong positive correlation between the NGF mRNA level and norepinephrine
      content, a measure of the density of sympathetic innervation. NGF gene expression
      in one of these tissues, the iris, was shown to be induced by denervation. NGF
      mRNA was also found in other areas, including elements of the adult peripheral
      nervous system--the sciatic nerve and the sympathetic and sensory ganglia. In the
      central nervous system, levels of NGF mRNA were found that are too high to be
      attributed entirely to the vasculature, suggesting a role for NGF in adult
      central nervous system function.

PMID- 6595670
TI  - gamma-Aminobutyric acid acts at axon terminals of turtle photoreceptors:
      difference in sensitivity among cell types.
AB  - It has been proposed that horizontal cells of the vertebrate retina have a
      negative feedback synapse with cone photoreceptors. gamma-Aminobutyric acid
      (GABA) has been suggested to be a neurotransmitter of monophasic horizontal cells
      (a subtype of horizontal cells), which have direct connections with red-sensitive
      and green-sensitive cones. We have examined the feedback hypothesis by measuring
      the GABA sensitivity of photoreceptors. To eliminate interaction with other
      cells, we dissociated photoreceptors from the turtle retina enzymatically. The
      subtype of photoreceptors was identified unequivocally on the bases of the shape
      of the cell and the color of the oil droplets, which are known to correlate with
      the spectral sensitivity. Cells were voltage-clamped using "Giga-ohm sealed"
      suction pipettes in the whole-cell recording configuration, and membrane currents
      were measured in response to GABA applied ionophoretically at various positions
      on the cell. It was found that red-sensitive and green-sensitive cones were
      highly sensitive to GABA and that the sensitivity was localized at the axon
      terminals. GABA-sensitivity in blue-sensitive cones and in rods was very low.
      GABA-induced current reversed its polarity near the equilibrium potential of
      chloride, suggesting that GABA increased chloride conductance. Thus, our findings
      are consistent with the negative feedback hypothesis.

PMID- 6595671
TI  - Substances originating from the optic nerve of neonatal rabbit induce
      regeneration-associated response in the injured optic nerve of adult rabbit.
AB  - We have recently shown that cell bodies of an injured optic nerve of adult rabbit
      can be induced to express regeneration-associated response by external signals
      derived from nonneuronal cells of regenerating nerves of lower vertebrates. In
      this study it is shown that even substances derived from a nonregenerating
      mammalian system also can trigger such a regenerative response. Thus, substances
      derived from intact nerves of neonatal rabbits and of adult rabbits, to a lesser
      extent, were active in triggering a regeneration-associated response, whereas
      substances derived from injured nerves of adult rabbit were not. However, if
      subsequent to the injury the nerve was implanted with silicone tube containing
      medium conditioned by neonatal optic nerves, the substances derived from the
      implanted injured nerve were active. Thus, it appears that the ability of a
      periaxonal environment to provide triggering substances correlates with axonal
      growth. Therefore, we named these substances "growth-associated triggering
      factors" (GATFs). It is suggested that mammalian cells are unable to express a
      regenerative response after an injury due to the failure of their nonneuronal
      cells to produce regeneration-triggering substances. This disability may be
      circumvented by an appropriate implantation procedure.

PMID- 6595672
TI  - Intact proenkephalin is the major enkephalin-containing peptide produced in rat
      adrenal glands after denervation.
AB  - We have shown previously that enkephalin-containing peptides of high molecular
      weight increase 10- to 15-fold 3 days after adrenal denervation and have
      suggested that much of this material may represent newly synthesized
      proenkephalin. In this paper we report that most of the material appearing after
      denervation is indeed intact proenkephalin. The putative proenkephalin was
      partially purified by gel filtration chromatography and HPLC. A molecular size of
      about 25 kDa was estimated by gel filtration. On HPLC, the putative proenkephalin
      was eluted at a much higher propanol concentration than the 18.2-kDa enkephalin
      containing peptide isolated previously. Treatment of this putative proenkephalin
      with endoproteinase Lys-C showed it contain [Met]-enkephalin, [Leu]enkephalin,
      [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Phe7, and [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 in the same ratios
      as are found in proenkephalin as deduced from sequencing of proenkephalin cDNA.

PMID- 6595674
TI  - The molecular clock may be an episodic clock.
AB  - It is argued that the apparent constancy of the rate of molecular evolution may
      be an artifact due to the very slow rate of evolution of individual amino acids.
      A statistical analysis of protein evolution using a stationary point process as
      the null hypothesis leads to the conclusion that molecular evolution is episodic,
      with short bursts of rapid evolution followed by long periods of slow evolution.
      Such dynamics are incompatible with the neutral allele theory and require a
      revision of the standard interpretation of the molecular clock.

PMID- 6595673
TI  - Physiological role of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in modulating the
      secretion of prolactin and luteinizing hormone in the female rat.
AB  - Long-term ovariectomized (OVX) rats were injected in the third cerebral ventricle
      with 5 microliter of the globulin fraction of an antiserum raised against alpha
      melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) or an equal volume of the globulin
      fraction of normal rabbit serum (NRS). Immunoneutralization of brain alpha-MSH
      produced an increase in the area under the secretion curve of prolactin (Prl),
      the amplitude of Prl pulses, and mean plasma Prl (P less than 0.01). In animals
      that had received two injections of NRS or anti-MSH and were subjected to a 2-min
      ether stress, Prl levels significantly increased within 5 minutes in the NRS
      injected rats, whereas Prl levels in the antiserum-injected rats did not increase
      any further from the initially high baseline levels. The administration of
      antibodies against alpha-MSH produced a small increase (P less than 0.05) in the
      area under the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and mean plasma LH; however,
      the number of LH pulses was unaffected. We conclude that endogenous alpha-MSH of
      central origin is a physiological neuromodulator of release of Prl and LH in the
      OVX rat and is involved in the stress-induced release of Prl.

PMID- 6595675
TI  - Transcription of ground-state density-functional theory into a local
      thermodynamics.
AB  - The concepts of local temperature, local entropy, and local free energy density
      are introduced within the framework of the ground-state density-functional theory
      of many-electron systems, and a complete local thermodynamic picture is then
      developed. A view emerges of the electron cloud, as analogous to a classical
      inhomogeneous fluid moving under gradients of temperature, pressure, and an
      effective potential, described by a locally Maxwellian distribution.

PMID- 6595676
TI  - Inhibition of furosemide-induced kaliuresis in the rat by trilostane, an
      inhibitor of adrenal steroidogenesis.
AB  - In rats treated with furosemide, urinary losses of water, sodium and potassium
      were accompanied by increased circulating levels of aldosterone. Trilostane, an
      inhibitor of adrenal 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity, prevented
      furosemide-induced hyperaldosteronism which resulted in a partial inhibition of
      diuretic-induced kaliuresis without a change in sodium and water excretion.
      Spironolactone, an antagonist of mineralocorticoid action with inherent diuretic
      activity, produced qualitatively similar effects to those of trilostane on
      urinary electrolyte excretion in furosemide-treated intact rats. However,
      mineralocorticoid-induced potassium loss in adrenalectomized rats was not altered
      by trilostane but was prevented by spironolactone reflecting the direct effect of
      spironolactone on the kidney. In addition, furosemide-induced kaliuresis in
      adrenalectomized rats was not prevented by trilostane. Therefore, although both
      trilostane and spironolactone reduce diuretic-induced potassium loss,
      spironolactone acts by competing with aldosterone for the mineralocorticoid
      receptor while trilostane appears to act exclusively by preventing secondary
      hyperaldosteronism.

PMID- 6595677
TI  - Eicosanoid effects on cell proliferation in vitro: relevance to atherosclerosis.
AB  - Several eicosanoids were tested for ability to inhibit proliferation of cells in
      culture. In rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells and mouse B16BL6 melanoma cells,
      order of potency was: 12-HETE greater than PGJ2 greater than PGA1 greater than or
      equal to PGE1 greater than PGE2 greater than or equal to PGD2 greater than or
      equal to PGA2. PGB1 was active in smooth muscle cells (greater than PGD2) but not
      in B16 cells. 5-HETE and Leukotriene B4 were weakly active in smooth muscle
      cells, and PGB2, PGF2 alpha and TXB2 were inactive in both cells types. In Swiss
      albino mouse 3T3 fibroblasts, PGJ2 and PGE1 showed much lower relative potency
      than in the other two cell lines, although the profile was otherwise similar.
      These findings may be relevant to the anti-atherosclerotic (and perhaps anti
      tumor activity) of some eicosanoids.

PMID- 6595678
TI  - Evaluation of the role of prostaglandins E and F in human cholecystitis.
AB  - The role of chemical mediation by arachidonic acid metabolites of inflammation in
      human cholecystitis was evaluated by comparing gallbladder PGE and PGF formation
      to the degree of inflammation present. Twenty-five human gallbladders containing
      stones were operatively removed. A strip of fundus was used for histologic
      evaluation. In a blinded fashion, three pathologists quantitated the amount of
      inflammation present using a histologic scoring system. Gallbladder mucosal cells
      were separated from muscle wall by submucosal injection of EDTA and shaking in
      tissue culture media. Separated mucosal cells and finely minced muscle wall were
      maintained in tissue culture medium for 3 hours. Hourly PGE and PGF levels in
      media (extracellular) and mucosal cell and muscle tissue homogenate
      (intracellular) PGE and PGF concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay.
      PGE production increased by both mucosal cell and muscle tissue with increasing
      inflammation. A significant positive linear correlation existed between the
      histologic score of inflammation and PGE production by gallbladder mucosal cells
      and muscle tissue. No correlation existed between the amount of inflammation
      present and PGF production by mucosal cells or muscle tissue. The results
      demonstrate an increase in PGE production by human gallbladder tissue with
      increasing inflammation and suggest that arachidonic acid metabolites may be
      important mediators of the inflammatory process in human cholecystitis.

PMID- 6595679
TI  - [Metabolic myopathies].
AB  - Metabolic myopathies are a rare group of disorders. These myopathies reveal a
      varying severity of a proximal, distal or generalized muscular involvement
      indicating a progressive myopathy or recurrent episodes of weakness, pain, cramps
      and stiffness combined with exercise. Some important disorders and their
      biochemical defects are described. Particular attention is paid to helpful
      biochemical investigative methods.

PMID- 6595680
TI  - Neuroendocrine responses to apomorphine in depressed patients and healthy control
      subjects.
AB  - Increasing evidence implicates altered dopamine function in major affective
      illness. In the present study, growth hormone responses to the dopamine agonist
      apomorphine were not different for 14 male depressed patients and 16 healthy male
      volunteers. Baseline and post-apomorphine prolactin levels were lower for the
      depressed patients than the control subjects, but the percent decrease following
      apomorphine was not different for the two groups. Neuroendocrine responses were
      not significantly altered during chronic treatment with the dopamine agonist
      piribedil. These neuroendocrine results suggest that decreased baseline prolactin
      levels in depressed patients do not reflect altered postsynaptic receptor
      sensitivity in the tuberoinfundibular dopamine system.

PMID- 6595681
TI  - Leukocyte regulation in depression and schizophrenia.
AB  - The distribution of leukocytes in the blood stream is affected by levels of
      circulatory glucocorticoids. Elevated concentrations of cortisol are usually
      associated with an increase in the number of neutrophils and a decrease in the
      number of lymphocytes. Since primary depressive illness is often associated with
      hypercortisolemia, we hypothesized that similar changes in the blood stream of
      depressive patients may occur. To test this hypothesis, we retrospectively
      compared leukocyte counts in 177 untreated depressive patients and 178 untreated
      schizophrenic controls. We found a significant increase in the absolute and
      relative numbers of neutrophils and a significant decrease in the absolute and
      relative numbers of lymphocytes in the depressive group. Furthermore, when
      compared to normative values from the general population, depressed patients
      showed higher frequencies of both neutrophilia and lymphopenia than the
      schizophrenic group. These results indicate differences in the regulation of
      leukocytes in depression and schizophrenia consistent with the effects of higher
      levels of plasma cortisol in the depressive group.

PMID- 6595682
TI  - The adolescent outcome of hyperactive girls.
AB  - The adolescent outcome of a complete cohort of 12 girls diagnosed hyperactive in
      childhood is compared with that of 24 hyperactive boys and 24 male control
      subjects matched for age and social class. The lifetime psychiatric history of
      parents was also assessed. No significant difference between the rate of mental
      disorder in adolescent hyperactive boys and girls was found. Also, the rate of
      lifetime adult psychiatric diagnosis in the parent groups did not differ
      significantly.

PMID- 6595684
TI  - The image and uses of the body in psychic conflict. With special to reference to
      eating disorders in adolescence.

PMID- 6595683
TI  - High-affinity 3H-imipramine binding in platelets of children and adolescents with
      major affective disorders.
AB  - High-affinity 3H-imipramine binding to platelet membranes was evaluated in 12
      untreated children and adolescents aged 11-17 years who met the DSM-III criteria
      for major affective disorders. The affective patients were compared to 13
      nonaffective subjects and 15 normal controls of similar ages. No significant
      difference in the maximal binding of 3H-imipramine (Bmax) and Kd values could be
      found among the three groups. 3H-Imipramine binding values failed to discriminate
      between patients with major depression and those with bipolar disorder, depressed
      type. No association between a positive family history of major affective
      disorders and 3H-imipramine binding values was detected.

PMID- 6595685
TI  - Psychoanalytic concepts of eating disorders: an empirical approach with a
      semantic differential (Ertel).
AB  - To study empirically some psychoanalytic assumptions concerning aspects of the
      oral character and manifestations of fixation and regression, 61 neurotic
      inpatients at a psychotherapeutic clinic were investigated using a semantic
      differential technique (Ertel). Each patient was judged by the differential
      technique on the basis of 12 object representations which, in respect to the
      psychoanalytic theory of development, are postulated to have connections with the
      oral stage. A connotative proximity in the semantic space was postulated for
      several 'oral connotations'. For these relevant connotations the theoretical
      assumptions were proved empirically. However, there were no statistical
      differences between several groups of patients (those with an oral fixation and
      those with later fixations). Furthermore single dimensions of the semantic
      differential technique used, in contrast to the three-dimensional analysis,
      allowed the differentiation of patients with oral fixations from the others
      simply by using object representations that ought to be relevant for the oral
      stage of psychosexual development.

PMID- 6595687
TI  - Use of thermo-mechanical compactors as an adjunct to lateral condensation.

PMID- 6595686
TI  - Bulimia in male patients.

PMID- 6595689
TI  - Nutrition and periodontal health.

PMID- 6595688
TI  - Arch leveling and alignment effectiveness of two types of wire (I): a qualitative
      study.

PMID- 6595690
TI  - The accessory root of the mandibular molar--an endodontic problem.

PMID- 6595691
TI  - Crown preparation (I).

PMID- 6595692
TI  - Mounting a dry skull for use in teaching dental radiography.

PMID- 6595693
TI  - The autogenous transplantation/reimplantation of fully developed teeth and the
      regeneration of bone.

PMID- 6595694
TI  - Conservative precious metal cast pin restorations.

PMID- 6595695
TI  - Crown preparation (II).

PMID- 6595696
TI  - Transitional cosmetics in anticipation of extensive restorative rehabilitation.

PMID- 6595697
TI  - An assessment of the postsurgical results following the combined laterally
      positioned flap and gingival graft procedure.

PMID- 6595698
TI  - Intentional replantation: technique and rationale.

PMID- 6595699
TI  - Use of leaf gauge in occlusal diagnosis and therapy.

PMID- 6595700
TI  - A child's first dental visit: a protocol.

PMID- 6595701
TI  - Alternatives to palatinal mucosa as donor sites for free gingival grafts (II).

PMID- 6595702
TI  - The intraoral mirror: a useful dental device.

PMID- 6595703
TI  - Establishing and managing a hospital dental department (II).

PMID- 6595704
TI  - [Ceramalloy, a fired alloy].

PMID- 6595705
TI  - The evaluation of musculoskeletal disease with magnetic resonance imaging.
AB  - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques provide a versatile method of
      manipulating soft tissue contrast in the extremities. Different pulse sequence
      techniques are discussed with respect to the optimization of contrast differences
      between muscle, marrow, and abnormal tissue.

PMID- 6595706
TI  - [Changes in the tonus of the temporal and masseter muscles after surgical
      correction of the occlusion in cases of prognathism].

PMID- 6595707
TI  - [The prevalence of functional occlusal models in relation to age].

PMID- 6595708
TI  - [Evaluation of the role of psychogenic factors in temporomandibular
      myoarthropathy].

PMID- 6595709
TI  - [Relation between the prevalence of bruxism, temporomandibular arthropathy and
      age].

PMID- 6595710
TI  - [Suboccipital pain and cervical spine pain, a temporomandibular joint
      dysfunction].

PMID- 6595711
TI  - [The function of the temporal and masseter muscles in subclinical cases of
      temporomandibular myoarthropathies treated with orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 6595712
TI  - [Treatment of facial pain in temporomandibular joint dysfunction].

PMID- 6595713
TI  - [The role of the shape of the edentulous maxilla in the development of palatal
      clefts. I. Studies on experimental models].

PMID- 6595714
TI  - [The role of the shape of the edentulous maxilla in the development of palatal
      clefts. II. Studies on working and standard models].

PMID- 6595715
TI  - [Remote results of the reconstruction with composite materials of the damaged
      crowns of vital teeth in children and adolescents].

PMID- 6595716
TI  - [The cerebral representation of proprioceptive sensation of the masseter muscle
      in animals].

PMID- 6595717
TI  - Effects of prostaglandin E2, 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 and a prostaglandin
      endoperoxide analogue (U-46619) on gastric secretory volume, [H+] and mucus
      synthesis and secretion in the rat.
AB  - The effects of orally administered prostaglandin E2, 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin
      E2 and U-46619, an analogue of the prostaglandin endoperoxide PGH2, on gastric
      secretory volume, acid and mucus were studied in the rat. All of the compounds
      significantly increased the volume of gastric secretion, mucus secretion,
      measured as N-acetylneuraminic acid and mucus synthesis measured as the
      incorporation of [3H]-glucosamine into mucosal glycoprotein; however, only PGE2
      and 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 inhibited acid secretion. U-46619, 1.5 mg/kg provided
      significant protection against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers, an effect that has
      been previously shown for the other two compounds. These studies provide
      additional evidence that prostaglandin induced mucosal protection may be related
      to an effect on mucus and on stimulation of nonparietal cell gastric secretion.
      Further study of these parameters may be important in the development of
      antiulcer drugs for long term clinical use.

PMID- 6595718
TI  - Anti-inflammatory drugs, prostanoid and proteoglycan production by cultured
      bovine articular chondrocytes.
AB  - The effect of various anti-inflammatory drugs on the production of prostaglandins
      E2 and F2 alpha, 6 keto PGF1 alpha and thromboxane B2 by bovine articular
      chondrocytes was measured by radioimmunoassay. While indomethacin and
      meclofenamic acid caused a dose-dependent inhibition of all prostanoids measured,
      the effects of hydrocortisone and colchicine varied with respect to different
      prostanoids. Hydrocortisone (10(-7)M - 10(-13)M) both in the presence and absence
      of added arachidonic acid, resulted in an inhibition of prostaglandins E2 and F2
      alpha, and to a lesser extent, 6 keto PGF 1 alpha, but TxB2 production was only
      slightly inhibited by the drug in the absence of arachidonic acid and markedly
      increased in its presence. Colchicine (10(-7)M-10(-3)M) had the opposite effect,
      causing an inhibition of TxB2 and stimulating PGE2 and 6 keto PGF1 alpha
      production. These findings suggest that certain anti-inflammatory drugs may, in
      addition to their action on phospholipase A2 and cyclo-oxygenases, exert potent
      effects at the level of the different synthetases. In order to see whether these
      alterations in relative prostanoid levels affected proteoglycan metabolism, the
      effect of anti-inflammatory drugs on proteoglycan synthesis by cultured
      chondrocytes was tested using 35SO4 labeling methodology. The results showed that
      at the concentrations tested (10(-5)M to 10(-7)M), indomethacin, dexamethasone,
      hydrocortisone and colchicine inhibited 35SO4 incorporation into newly
      synthesized proteoglycan molecules both in the presence (10(-6)M) and absence of
      exogenous arachidonic acid. In the same concentration range chloroquine had no
      effect. These results do not support the hypothesis of direct prostanoid
      involvement in the modulation of proteoglycan synthesis in articular cartilage.

PMID- 6595719
TI  - Development of guidelines for field testing of plants modified by recombinant DNA
      techniques.

PMID- 6595720
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment of anterosuperior bridge?].

PMID- 6595721
TI  - [The conditions of pulp exposure and their effect on the development of capping].

PMID- 6595722
TI  - [Peripheral giant cell granuloma: clinicopathological study and case report].

PMID- 6595723
TI  - [Analysis of the study load in dental education at the Catholic University of
      Louvain, the State University of Ghent and the Free University of Brussels].

PMID- 6595724
TI  - [Epidemiology of dental caries in Liege students aged 7 to 12 years].

PMID- 6595725
TI  - [The need for the prophylactic removal of the wisdom teeth].

PMID- 6595726
TI  - [Prosthetic appliances for adults with unilateral and bilateral labiopalatine
      clefts].

PMID- 6595727
TI  - [Surgical application of Delaire's cephalometric analysis].

PMID- 6595728
TI  - [Nutrition, the consumption of sweets and the use of fluorides in preschool and
      school children].

PMID- 6595729
TI  - [Occlusographic evaluation of molar migration in cases treated by serial
      extraction].

PMID- 6595730
TI  - [5-alpha steroid reductase and 17-beta steroid oxidoreductase activity in human
      fibroblasts. Comparison between cells of normal individuals and patients with
      different types of male pseudohermaphroditism].

PMID- 6595731
TI  - [Patient-practitioner communication or how to create a climate of trust].

PMID- 6595732
TI  - [How to cope with inaccessible canals? Should one proceed at any cost?].

PMID- 6595733
TI  - [Fluorotherapy in children: what method in 1983?].

PMID- 6595734
TI  - [Are lamp-polymerizable composites really superior to conventional composites?].

PMID- 6595735
TI  - [The laser: indications and limits in dentistry: has it found its place in daily
      practice in 1983? I. The CO2 laser].

PMID- 6595736
TI  - [The laser: indications and limits in dentistry: has it found its place in daily
      practice in 1983? II. Other lasers].

PMID- 6595737
TI  - [Damaged, fractured roots,can they be salvaged? When? How?].

PMID- 6595738
TI  - [Antibiotics in orodental pathology].

PMID- 6595740
TI  - Federal and state 'right to know' laws.

PMID- 6595739
TI  - [Advisability of prescribing anti-inflammatory agents in operative dentistry].

PMID- 6595742
TI  - Dental technology and the law--are you vulnerable?

PMID- 6595741
TI  - Eye injuries--how to avoid them, how to treat them.

PMID- 6595743
TI  - Strategic planning: writing company policies.

PMID- 6595744
TI  - CDT today: the ceramics specialty examination.

PMID- 6595745
TI  - Continuing education: external degree programs.

PMID- 6595746
TI  - CDT today: partial dentures specialty examination.

PMID- 6595747
TI  - The role of the dental distributor and manufacturer in your future.

PMID- 6595748
TI  - CDT today: complete dentures specialty examination.

PMID- 6595750
TI  - Impact of Preferred Provider Organizations on the commercial dental laboratory
      industry.

PMID- 6595749
TI  - Plan for the best, prepare for the worst.

PMID- 6595751
TI  - Chemical right-to-known laws--update.

PMID- 6595752
TI  - Benefits of a fine grain structure in dental alloys.

PMID- 6595754
TI  - Traffic fatalities in Rhode Island: Part IV. The pedestrian victim.

PMID- 6595753
TI  - CDT today: crown and bridge specialty examination.

PMID- 6595755
TI  - The Rhode Island Board of Medical Review.

PMID- 6595756
TI  - Short-course antibiotic prophylaxis in first-trimester abortion.

PMID- 6595757
TI  - The impact of advanced life support training for nursing personnel in an
      outpatient renal dialysis center.

PMID- 6595758
TI  - An analysis of the fourth year of medical school.

PMID- 6595760
TI  - New perspectives concerning do-not-resuscitate orders.

PMID- 6595759
TI  - Should we welcome for-profit hospitals to Rhode Island?

PMID- 6595762
TI  - [Proceedings of the seminar on the severe neonatal forms of the Pierre-Robin
      syndrome. Abstracts].

PMID- 6595761
TI  - Alkaline phosphatase activity improved by the addition of zinc in granulocytes
      from leukemic subjects (in vitro study).
AB  - Granulocyte alkaline phosphatase (GAP) was extracted from the leukocyte
      suspensions of 15 subjects with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), determining the
      Zn content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The purified enzymatic
      preparation was dialyzed against a ZnCl2 solution (.01 mg%) in TRIS-HCl 0.1 M, pH
      7.5, for 48 hours. After dialysis Zn concentration and GAP activity reached
      normal values. This suggests that the GAP molecule isolated from CML subjects is
      not altered as it is able to receive at most 2 Zn moles responsible for the
      enzymatic function.

PMID- 6595763
TI  - [Reposition osteoplasty of the median process in bilateral labiomaxillary
      clefts].
AB  - Twenty two bilateral cleft lips accompanied by a premaxilla protusion and
      associated with cleft palates have been operated according to the technic called
      "Premaxilla Reposition Osteoplasty". This operation must follow the cheiloplasty.
      It is often preceeded by an orthopedic appliance, used to make place for the
      premaxilla. The main goals are: to normalize the incisors level in relation with
      the one of the decidual canines and molars; to obtain a synostosis of premaxilla
      and lateral parts of the cleft maxilla osteous ridges; to close the residual
      vestibular and palatal hiatus. The good results observed in twenty cases have
      made easier the complementary orthodontic or surgical treatments.

PMID- 6595764
TI  - [Stimulation in the treatment of hard palate cleft].
AB  - It is rare to observe a cleft of the hard palate after operation for secondary
      cleft palate. Four such cases were treated using a plate developed by the author
      and corrector-stimulatory apparatuses. Total recovery was obtained in one case,
      and marked pre-operative reduction in the palatal cleft in two patients.
      Treatment was ineffective in the fourth case, a patient who had previously
      undergone five operations. Treatment by stimulation was given for periods between
      14 months to 4 years.

PMID- 6595765
TI  - [Buccal mucosal manifestations of Bourneville's tuberous sclerosis. Apropos of 3
      cases].
AB  - Concerning three specimens of Bourneville tuberous sclerosis, after a brief
      recall of general statements about this disease, the authors describe in two out
      of the three cases published, lesions of buccal mucosis typical of this disease.
      Besicle hyperplasic lesions, quite common with these patients who are epileptic
      most of the time, thise lesions mostly consist of fibrous, non inflamatory nodule
      more frequents on gums, especially one the fore-part. The histologic aspects
      without being pathognomonic are still quite specific.

PMID- 6595766
TI  - [Lingual necrosis disclosing Horton's disease. Apropos of a case and a resume and
      analysis of cases found in the medical literature].
AB  - The authors mention an observation of lingual necrosis revealing a Horton
      disease. The set of the usual aspects of the disease was not comprehensive and
      the inflammatory syndrom was rather weak; nevertheless the diagnosis of a giant
      cell panarteritis was admitted and a strong cortico-therapy quickly set up which
      greatly improved the patient. After a brief recall of the main clinical and
      biological signes of a Horton temporal arteritis, the circumstances,
      symptomatology evolution and treatment of this particular form of the disease are
      reviewed through 22 observations found in medical literature.

PMID- 6595767
TI  - [Primary oral syphilis. A sometimes difficult diagnosis].
AB  - There recently treated cases of primary buccal syphilis are reported. The lesions
      are discussed, with the aid of photographs, and overall symptomatology described
      with the aim of providing permanent training of the young. A review of primary,
      secondary and tertiary syphilis is followed by a summary of diagnostic criteria
      and therapy.

PMID- 6595768
TI  - [Case of a rare maxillary tumor: osteocementofibroma].
AB  - A 17-year-old young girl presented with a rare maxillary tumor, an
      osteocementoblastoma, which from the ectopic type of position of the wisdom tooth
      had apparently been present for many years pathologic findings are reported. Post
      operative course was normal but regular follow-up is necessary because of the
      tendency for recurrence of the few cases reported in the literature of this
      benign tumor.

PMID- 6595769
TI  - [Malignant transformation of fibrous dysplasia of the orbit].
AB  - After a review of the literature, the authors report a case of sarcomatous
      transformation of orbital fibrous dysplasia and they underline the exceptional
      unfrequency of it. They discuss above all the diagnostic difficulties and the
      characteristics of the malignant transformation.

PMID- 6595770
TI  - [Sports injuries of the face].
AB  - Of 249 patients with facial injuries admitted to the Department of Stomatology
      and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hopital Bel Air, Thionville, France, between 1981 and
      1982, 45 (18%) were cases of injury from sporting activities. The particular
      characteristics of the latter lesions were their predominance in males, their
      increased seasonal frequency in spring and early summer, the high incidence of
      damage to the nasal pyramid and maxillomalar complex, and the fact that the most
      implicated sport was football (71% of cases). Whereas most accidents resulted in
      relatively minor lesions, three cases--including two from riding--involved
      severe, complex injuries comparable to those seen in certain car accidents.
      Findings in this series confirm the natural "bumper" property of the face.
      Emphasis is placed on the importance of well-conducted training, and the need to
      eliminate consideration of sport as a means for expressing aggressiveness that is
      not always possible in daily life.

PMID- 6595771
TI  - [Statistical notes on sinusal fractures of the face].
AB  - Factors of age, sex, localization and associated lesions were analyzed for 9 319
      cases of fractures of the face, using data collected by the Army Computer Centre
      for Medical Data Processing.

PMID- 6595772
TI  - [Delayed mandibular osteosynthesis].
AB  - Of 52 fractures of the mandible treated over a 2-year period, sixteen involved
      the insertion of an osteosynthesis plate. The average period between the injury
      and application of the mandibular plate was 3.5 days (range: 8 hours to 14 days).
      Reasons for the delays in treatment are given, but it was observed that in spite
      of sometimes long periods before therapy the overall results could be considered
      as satisfactory, since poor results were reported in only 3 patients and in two
      of these there were particular circumstances. These findings suggest that the
      classical limit of the 8th hour is perhaps not the limit beyond which a
      mandibular osteosynthesis is valid, although delayed operation is only possible
      in certain well defined cases.

PMID- 6595774
TI  - [A new ligation method in treating maxillary fractures in children].
AB  - A new method for orthopedic treatment, based on the ligature procedure described
      by Popov E. in Bulgaria, has been adapted for therapy of mandibular fractures in
      children.

PMID- 6595773
TI  - [Failures with screwed miniaturized plates. Apropos of 4 cases].
AB  - It is exceptional for surgery to become necessary after the use of miniaturized
      plate and screws. When it is required it is because of faulty reduction or
      contention, mucosal disunion or an infective focus, or a combination of these
      factors. Surgery provides good final results, but 2 to 4 supplementary months of
      immobility are needed, and it can be avoided by respecting the indications and
      practical necessities of this method.

PMID- 6595775
TI  - [External fixation devices in maxillofacial surgery].
AB  - External fixation devices have relatively little application in stomatology, but
      they are indispensable in certain situations. Equipment presently available for
      use by maxillofacial surgeons is relatively reduced in number, and two new
      fixation devices are proposed : a Jacquet type miniaturized fixation device and
      one of the Sorem type particularly adapted for the mandible.

PMID- 6595776
TI  - [Surgical treatment of recurrent mandibular luxation. A combined technic].
AB  - Six patients with recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint underwent
      surgical operation which consisted of Myrhaug's technique (resection of the
      zygomaticoarticular eminence). In four of these six cases, Myrhaug's technique
      was associated with the retroposition of the temporal muscle (Ullik and Zenker's
      technique). Resection of the zygomaticoarticular eminence and retroposition of
      the temporal muscle could be carried out easily and briefly. The simultaneous
      performance of both surgical procedures has been extremely useful to achieve a
      definite resolution of recurrent dislocations of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6595777
TI  - [Reconstruction of the pavilion of the ear after burns].
AB  - Severe sequelae from facial burns, usually morphologic in type, include lesions
      affecting the pinna of the ear. Reconstructive surgery encounters very variable
      difficulties mainly related to the site, extent and effect on adjacent tissues of
      the lesion. Surgical treatment by partial otopoiesis often gives satisfactory
      results, but this is rarely the case after total or subtotal otopoiesis. In these
      cases, in fact, the often long surgical process which is a frequent cause of
      breaking down of adjacent tissue, when this can be used, rarely gives
      satisfactory results. Facial plastic prosthesis introduction is therefore of
      major interest, once the difficult problem of fixation of the prosthesis of the
      pinna has been resolved. All available therapeutic means should be employed to
      rehabilitate patients with disfigurement due to burns, while informing them of
      the difficulties and limits of therapy.

PMID- 6595778
TI  - [Role of the genes in odontogenesis].
AB  - The authors suggest a genetic model of dental development. This model is based on
      chromosomal mapping of genes involved in odontogenesis. The role of X and Y
      chromosomes is updated.

PMID- 6595779
TI  - [Intra-arterial cisplatin chemotherapy of epidermoid carcinomas of the oral
      cavity. Preliminary results].
AB  - The chemotherapy schedule used for treatment of epidermoid carcinoma of the
      buccal cavity is described, together with the technique proposed by Richard for
      introduction of the intra-arterial catheters. Two sessions of intra-arterial
      infusion lasting 6 days are separated by an treatment-free interval of 6 days.
      Five patients with oropharyngeal endobuccal epithelioma were treated in this way,
      two of these cases receiving major surgery during chemotherapy. Analysis of a
      pelvimandibulectomy operative specimen from one of these patients failed to show
      any trace of cancer in a lesion which had been initially classified T3N3 by
      histology. This case, combined with other reports of clinical remission without
      histologic proof, and after a short follow up, suggests a certain efficacy for
      cisplatinum intra-arterially. This local efficacy, without however diminishing
      the surgical target volume, will probably give a better survival rate than when
      surgery alone is performed.

PMID- 6595780
TI  - The Human D region as a multigene family.

PMID- 6595781
TI  - [Adhesive restoration--flop or hit?].

PMID- 6595782
TI  - [Mechanical condensers--their effect on the quality of different amalgam types].

PMID- 6595783
TI  - [Occurrence of enamel opacities on the incisors of schoolchildren in a community
      in the canton of Zurich].

PMID- 6595785
TI  - [Prevention of bacterial endocarditis].

PMID- 6595784
TI  - [Number of dental offices and practicing dentists in Switzerland in 1962, 1971
      and 1979 together with the outlook for 1992].

PMID- 6595786
TI  - [The patient-dentist-dental technician relationship in light of EDP accounting].

PMID- 6595788
TI  - [Elimination of food residues by chewing on a plastic device].

PMID- 6595787
TI  - [Intensive treatment in severe distal bite using the headgear-Herbst appliance in
      mixed dentition].

PMID- 6595789
TI  - [Composite inlays--margin quality and wear at 6 months].

PMID- 6595790
TI  - [Unrestricted plate osteosynthesis performed intraorally in mandibular
      fractures].

PMID- 6595791
TI  - [Simplified system of recording the condyle path and immediate lateral movement].

PMID- 6595792
TI  - Oxygen partial pressure under upper full dentures.

PMID- 6595794
TI  - [Spectrum of mucosal diseases of the oral cavity--from the normal mucosa to
      pathological manifestations].

PMID- 6595793
TI  - In vitro fluoride uptake by human enamel after brushing with an amine fluoride
      gel and subsequent loss of fluoride by water-washing.

PMID- 6595795
TI  - [Aphthae and aphthosis: clinical, etiological and therapeutic aspects].

PMID- 6595796
TI  - [White lesions: diagnosis and cryotherapy].

PMID- 6595797
TI  - [Clinical picture of mucosal cancer].

PMID- 6595798
TI  - [Diagnostic possibilities in suspected tumor].

PMID- 6595799
TI  - [Dental care for radiotherapy patients].

PMID- 6595800
TI  - [Dental medicine and internal medicine: common therapy and antagonistic therapy].

PMID- 6595801
TI  - [Corticosteroids and orodental lesions].

PMID- 6595802
TI  - [Choice of the disinfectant for the oral cavity].

PMID- 6595803
TI  - Thirteen month old Caucasian male admitted with extreme pallor.

PMID- 6595804
TI  - A case of unusual theophylline elimination in an infant.

PMID- 6595805
TI  - Management of retained common bile duct stones.

PMID- 6595806
TI  - Birth certificate data: how reliable?

PMID- 6595807
TI  - Forty year old man in coma with respiratory distress after falling into a hog
      pit.

PMID- 6595808
TI  - South Dakota Nurses' Association position statement on entry into professional
      practice.

PMID- 6595809
TI  - [Continual and periodic treatment of patients with chronic granulocytic
      leukemia].

PMID- 6595810
TI  - [Use of inlays in clinical dentistry].

PMID- 6595811
TI  - [Monoclonal antibody and oral diseases].

PMID- 6595812
TI  - [The effects and limitations of myofunctional therapy].

PMID- 6595813
TI  - [Roentgenographic diagnosis of impacted teeth].

PMID- 6595814
TI  - [Dental diseases in 1 1/2-year-old infants].

PMID- 6595815
TI  - [We need to understand the Dean classification of mottled enamel].

PMID- 6595816
TI  - [Mouthwashing with fluoride in Sanmata-cho, Miyazaki prefecture].

PMID- 6595817
TI  - [Hyperventilation syndrome diagnosed as an allergic reaction to local anesthetics
      -a case report].

PMID- 6595818
TI  - [Cytodynamics of bone marrow precursors at different developmental stages of
      chronic granulocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6595819
TI  - The psychosocial effects of cancer and its treatment in the elderly.

PMID- 6595820
TI  - The role of the behavioral scientist in postdoctoral curriculum development.

PMID- 6595821
TI  - Factors affecting use of environmental services by the elderly.

PMID- 6595823
TI  - General dentistry in the hospital setting.

PMID- 6595822
TI  - Oral health care for the aged veteran.

PMID- 6595824
TI  - Case of the month. Lip nodule.

PMID- 6595825
TI  - Does South Texas need more dentists? A rose is a flower, is a thorn--.

PMID- 6595826
TI  - Case of the month. Unremitting mandibular pain.

PMID- 6595827
TI  - Case of the month. Palatal swelling.

PMID- 6595828
TI  - Clinical tips for more efficient and easier endodontics.

PMID- 6595829
TI  - Therapies for a reduction of dental destruction resulting from the manifestations
      of bulimia nervosa.

PMID- 6595830
TI  - Case of the month. Painful maxillary swelling.

PMID- 6595832
TI  - Good dentistry is not always enough.

PMID- 6595831
TI  - Continuing education needs as reported by dentists in Texas and bordering states.

PMID- 6595833
TI  - Better sight for dentists: the new contact lenses.

PMID- 6595834
TI  - Dental records--yours or mine?

PMID- 6595835
TI  - The myth of senility.

PMID- 6595836
TI  - The newest frontier for dentists.

PMID- 6595837
TI  - The significance of rubber gloves: reduction of transmission of infectious
      diseases in dental practice.

PMID- 6595838
TI  - Definition of a new DR2 short associated HLA-D specificity with the Ninth
      Histocompatibility Workshop reagents.

PMID- 6595839
TI  - Factors responsible for successful HLA-DR typing of mononuclear cells from cord
      blood.
AB  - Of 115 cord blood samples tested, both HLA-DR antigens were identified in 79% of
      fresh samples, 66% of older samples and 55% of freshly frozen samples. Because of
      weak reactions, one or two questionable antigens were present in 21% of fresh
      samples as compared to 34% of older samples and 45% of freshly frozen samples.
      Older samples showed lower cell viability, more extra reactions, and a high
      frequency of weak reactions. Comparison of cord blood DR antigens with parental
      DR antigens revealed that antigens were missed or inappropriately assigned in 5
      known cases. This was more frequent with older blood samples. The critical
      factors in successful DR typing of cord blood samples were 1) dilution of cord
      blood samples with medium, 2) processing of the samples as soon as possible, and
      3) overnight incubation to remove adherent cells.

PMID- 6595841
TI  - [Dental caries intensity in children with different levels of physical growth
      harmony].

PMID- 6595840
TI  - Cadmium an inhibitor of lymphocyte transformation and stimulator of antibody
      dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in rats: the role of zinc.
AB  - The effect of zinc (Zn) on the immunomodulatory properties of cadmium (Cd) was
      investigated in male Wistar rats. Animals were orally exposed to Cd and or Zn, by
      stomach tubing for 7 weeks. Response of splenocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA)
      and concanavalin A (Con A), was significantly increased by Zn. When exposed in
      combination with Cd, Zn restored the inhibitory effects of Cd on lymphocyte
      transformation. However, Cd significantly increased the antibody-dependent cell
      mediated cytotoxic (ADCC) activity of the splenocytes on chicken red blood cells
      (CRBC). Zn had no effect on ADCC, nor did it modify the ADCC changes mediated by
      Cd.

PMID- 6595843
TI  - [Diagnosis of the condition of the enamel by the bioelectrical potential of the
      tooth surface].

PMID- 6595842
TI  - [Use of dioxidine for pulp protection in treating pulpitis in children].

PMID- 6595844
TI  - [Eruption of the permanent teeth in children living in the Lake Baikal area].

PMID- 6595845
TI  - [Dispensary care of children with defects of dental tissue formation].

PMID- 6595846
TI  - [Functional therapy of children with a congenital cleft of the upper lip and
      palate].

PMID- 6595847
TI  - [Results of Schoenborn's pharyngoplasty in children with postoperative shortening
      of the soft palate].

PMID- 6595848
TI  - [Rheographic and thermometric methods of evaluating palatal tissue function in
      congenital defects at various stages of surgical treatment].

PMID- 6595849
TI  - [Regional blood circulation in children with congenital cleft lip and palate
      based on rheographic data].

PMID- 6595850
TI  - [Blood coagulation system and fibrinolysis in children with congenital cleft
      palate].

PMID- 6595851
TI  - [Characteristics of the microbial flora in parotitis in children].

PMID- 6595852
TI  - [Soft-tissue inflammatory infiltrates of varying etiology in the maxillofacial
      area in children].

PMID- 6595853
TI  - [Interrelation of orbicularis oris function and anthropometric indices of the
      maxillodental system in 7- to 12-year-old children with a prognathic deep bite].

PMID- 6595854
TI  - [Hemodynamics in the area of the temporomandibular joints of preschoolers with a
      physiological bite].

PMID- 6595855
TI  - [Tissue changes in the maxillodental system of white rats maintained under the
      conditions of a phosphorus plant].

PMID- 6595856
TI  - [Electrochemical and chemical processes in contact EMF in the oral cavity in the
      presence of metal dentures].

PMID- 6595857
TI  - [Differential diagnostic signs of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6595858
TI  - [Comparative effectiveness of different agents for dental caries prevention in
      children with systematic and one-time use].

PMID- 6595859
TI  - [Cellular immunity in odontogenic inflammatory processes and its correction with
      biologically active preparations].

PMID- 6595860
TI  - [Development of a method for assessing pain sensitivity and the effectiveness of
      local anesthesia in dentistry].

PMID- 6595861
TI  - [Electromyographic characteristics of the masticatory muscles during the
      treatment of uncomplicated mandibular fractures by helium-neon laser radiation].

PMID- 6595862
TI  - [Effect of gingival retraction on the periodontal tissues].

PMID- 6595863
TI  - [Analysis of the research data from orthopantomograms and jaw models in partial
      anodontia].

PMID- 6595864
TI  - [Combined treatment of periodontal patients].

PMID- 6595865
TI  - Immunoelectronmicroscopic demonstration of surface tumor antigen Ca 125.
AB  - Tissue from a serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary was incubated with a
      monoclonal antibody, OC 125, which reacts with a surface tumor antigen in serous,
      endometrioid, and some clear cell carcinomas of the ovary. Electron microscopic
      preparation demonstrated the surface nature of the antigen. It is seen as a
      linear electron-dense deposit that extends onto villous surfaces. It is in some
      areas focally discontinuous. No other cell structures reacted with the antibody.

PMID- 6595866
TI  - [Rupture of the uterus. Induction of labor with prostaglandin F2 alpha on account
      of intrauterine death in the 3rd trimester].

PMID- 6595867
TI  - [Low-dose cytosine arabinoside treatment in acute myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 6595868
TI  - [Isolated diffuse chloroleukemic infiltration of the uterus in an old woman].

PMID- 6595869
TI  - [Comparison of table survival statistics calculated for two groups of patients].

PMID- 6595870
TI  - Sudden cardiac death.

PMID- 6595872
TI  - [Replantation--a therapy for daily practice].

PMID- 6595871
TI  - [Noninvasive measurement of cerebrovascular circulation with the scintillation
      camera. A neurologic nuclear medicine study].
AB  - Repeated CBF-measurements can be performed after inhalation or intravenous
      injection of 133Xe. After the development of a bicompartmental model by Obrist et
      al. in 1975 atraumatic CBF-measurements became widely used but there were still
      some difficulties concerning the sensitivity of different flow-indices towards
      CBF changes in normals under test conditions or ischemia in stroke patients. Due
      to the "slippage phenomenon" mostly noncompartmental flow-indices are used for
      the detection of ischemic brain areas. In this study a scintillation camera, that
      is usually available in every nuclear medicine department, was used for
      atraumatic CBF-studies. A collimator consisting of hexagonal lead tubes (septa
      0.2 mm thick; FWHM 1.7 cm in 10 cm) was constructed for this purpose. The
      obtained counting rate varied between 2432 and 9081 cps over the whole hemisphere
      and 116-1094 cps in regions of approximately 2.5 X 2.5 cm. In 31 patients with
      CVD CBF was measured with the intracarotid (i.c.) technique and 1 hour later
      after i.v. 133Xe-injection. Intravenous flow values were comparable to those
      obtained after i.c. 133Xe injection (fB X MFr = 0.904; p less than 0.001). In 12
      of the used 13 regions also significant correlation coefficients were found. In
      order to estimate the reproducibility of the intravenous injection method CBF
      measurements were performed in both hemispheres of 10 patients on two consecutive
      days. Highly significant correlation coefficients were found for hemispheric
      blood flow (r = 0.933; p less than 0.001) and temporal, frontotemporal,
      temporoparietal and praecentral regions, while in the high parietal, frontal and
      occipital region lower reporducibility was found. Normal CBF-values were obtained
      from 12 healthy volunteers (MF right hemisphere: 50.7 +/- 4.6 ml/100 g/min; MF
      left hemisphere: 50.6 +/- 4.6 ml/100 g/min). MF did not show any hyperfrontality,
      while F1 and the ISI gave highest flow values in frontal regions. The clinical
      status of 76 patients suffering from cerebral ischemia (68 with flow disturbances
      in one hemisphere, 8 with vertebrobasilar insufficiency) was estimated by a
      semiquantitative scorescale at time of admission and after an observation period
      lasting from 6 to 35 months. In each case CBF was measured twice: once in the
      subacute stage after onset of symptoms and once after the observation period. The
      duration of neurologic symptoms (TIA, RIND, CS) was compared to the obtained flow
      values. A significant relationship was found between the duration of symptoms and
      impairment of CBF, thus showing the prognostic value of intravenous CBF
      measurements.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6595873
TI  - Clinical controversies. Orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6595874
TI  - Survey of dentists on oral cancer: experience, attitudes, and continuing
      education.

PMID- 6595875
TI  - Reduction in crestal bone radiographic density due to excessive vertical
      angulation.

PMID- 6595876
TI  - Professional discipline: what to do upon receiving notice of charges.

PMID- 6595877
TI  - A diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia following the removal of a palatal
      torus.

PMID- 6595878
TI  - Smokeless tobacco and oral carcinoma: a review of the literature.

PMID- 6595879
TI  - Glass ionomer cements for luting cements? A restorative report.

PMID- 6595880
TI  - [Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in normal subjects and patients with
      peripheral arterial occlusive diseases. Effect of stamina training].

PMID- 6595882
TI  - Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita.

PMID- 6595881
TI  - Primary health care in Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 6595883
TI  - Emergency medical flights.

PMID- 6595884
TI  - Tubal ligation in Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea.
AB  - Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea, with a scattered population of 130,000
      suffers from irregular health patrols in remote areas, and often inadequate
      supplies of contraceptive agents. A total of 694 tubal ligations were performed
      by hospital staff under local anaesthesia between 1978 and 1982 in the province,
      the number increasing each year. Detailed analysis of 324 operations from 1979 to
      1981 showed an average age of 34, average parity of 7 (84% of women had five or
      more children) and the presence of one or more high risk factors other than
      multiparity in half the women operated upon. Tubal ligation decreases maternal
      mortality, and has proven to be a useful method of family planning for
      multiparous women living in remote villages in Milne Bay Province.

PMID- 6595885
TI  - Communication in the field: the aid post orderly and the health extension
      officer.
AB  - Following Independence in September 1975, extensive decision-making authority has
      been given to provincial governments in Papua New Guinea (PNG). This includes
      many aspects of health services for the rural sector which comprises some 80% of
      a 1982 population of approximately 3.16 million. The development of Health
      Centres and Health Sub-Centres, administered by Health Extension Officers upon
      the existing datum of Aid Posts and Aid Post Orderlies, has promoted rural health
      services. This, in conjunction with the decentralization of health administration
      to the provinces, has generated changed health expectations and newer problems.
      The paper discusses the situation using examples from an isolated area of the
      Eastern Highlands where a new Health Sub-Centre was opened in 1981, and makes
      some suggestions from these observations.

PMID- 6595886
TI  - Port Moresby road traffic accident survey.
AB  - Road Traffic Accidents (RTA's) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality
      in Papua New Guinea today. A survey of casualties from RTA's attending Port
      Moresby General Hospital over a seven-month period from November 1982 to June
      1983 showed that of 209 patients seen, one-third were in cars and one-quarter
      were in utilities. The most dangerous positions in vehicles were (1) in the open
      back of a utility or truck, and (2) in the front seat (driver or passenger) of a
      car or utility. Only 13% of injured front-seat occupants of cars or utilities
      were wearing a seat-belt; in one-third of vehicles no seat belts were fitted. A
      plea is made for the strengthening of legislation to ensure the safety of
      passengers travelling in the open back of trucks or utilities, and for the
      introduction of legislation for fitting and wearing of seat-belts by front-seat
      occupants.

PMID- 6595887
TI  - Fibreoptic endoscopy: does it have a role in the investigation of upper
      gastrointestinal disease in Papua New Guinea?
AB  - The first 150 fibreoptic examinations of the upper gastrointestinal tract
      performed in the North Solomons are reported. Sixty-one percent of examinations
      revealed a significant abnormality; this is a more efficient diagnostic yield
      than can be achieved with contrast radiology. This series confirms that
      fibreoptic endoscopy is the most efficient method of diagnosing upper
      gastrointestinal disease available in Papua New Guinea, and its more widespread
      use is advocated.

PMID- 6595888
TI  - Causes of volunteer blood donor rejection in Papua New Guinea.
AB  - A survey of 5,279 voluntary blood donors in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea showed
      211 (4%) were rejected. The main causes of rejection were anaemia, recent
      illness, current medication and hypertension.

PMID- 6595889
TI  - Medical emergency flights in remote areas: experience in Milne Bay Province,
      Papua New Guinea.
AB  - Light aircraft can be valuable for transfer of emergency patients from remote
      island health centres to a central hospital. A two-year experience of 92 such
      flights in Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea was reviewed. 50% of air charter
      evacuations were for obstetric or gynaecological patients, 35% for surgical, and
      15% for medical cases. 63 of the patients might have died and another nine might
      have been left with a serious disability without the emergency air transfer. The
      average cost per life saved was approximately Kina 461 (360 pounds; US$520) and
      the average cost of providing the emergency service per head of population per
      year was about Kina 0.10 (0.08 pounds; US$0.12).

PMID- 6595890
TI  - Aeromedical evacuations in Papua New Guinea--a case for routine oxygen
      supplementation in developing countries.
AB  - Aeromedical evacuations in developing Third World countries lack the
      technological support available in developed countries. 125 hospital admissions
      from such flights over a four-month period in Papua New Guinea have been analysed
      to show the pattern of medical conditions and flight altitudes involved. In
      general, the overall pattern reflects the range of medical problems seen in many
      other developing countries. 36 percent of all patients were deemed to be at risk
      of hypoxia; on flights below an altitude of 8000 feet (2440m.) this proportion
      was 50 percent. Supplementary oxygen (but not 100% oxygen) given routinely to all
      patients would benefit many without handicapping the remainder.

PMID- 6595891
TI  - Doctors in Papua New Guinea--current and future supply.

PMID- 6595892
TI  - Some sight for the blind.

PMID- 6595893
TI  - A practical method of therapeutic plasmapheresis.
AB  - Plasmapheresis is a process in which whole blood is removed from an individual
      and the red cells returned; this enables a larger volume of plasma to be
      withdrawn than from the normal donation of whole blood. This paper deals with the
      manual technique of plasmapheresis performed by means of a single phlebotomy, or
      a cut-down using an artery and a vein, with simple equipment and minimal risk to
      the patient. The technique is economical, and suitable for patients with a normal
      haemoglobin level as well as for anaemic patients, and may be used for diagnostic
      or therapeutic purposes.

PMID- 6595894
TI  - Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy of the newborn.
AB  - A case of asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy occurring in a newborn male infant who
      died at 26 hours is reported. The clinical and radiographic features of this
      uncommon condition are discussed, together with its mode of inheritance and
      differential diagnosis.

PMID- 6595895
TI  - Partial splenectomy for ruptured spleen.
AB  - The first case of a successful partial splenectomy for ruptured spleen in a Papua
      New Guinean child is reported. Conservative management had failed and at
      operation repair was impossible. In selected cases of splenic trauma partial
      splenectomy is the treatment of choice if repair is impossible, especially in
      children to conserve the protective functions of the spleen.

PMID- 6595896
TI  - Grass roots medicine.

PMID- 6595897
TI  - Diabetes, the emerging problem in Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 6595898
TI  - A method for eliciting beliefs about food and child feeding in Papua New Guinea:
      the MACHIK Interview.
AB  - A large proportion of Papua New Guinean children exhibit growth retardation early
      in the first year of life despite continued breastfeeding. Numerous investigators
      have suggested that traditional concepts and practices concerned with the
      introduction of solid foods are responsible for the observed poor growth. While
      there is recently some evidence to support this idea in one coastal population,
      the hypothesis warrants empirical testing. It is suggested that food taboos and
      other concepts and behaviours related to feeding children be carefully described
      and, if possible, quantified as a function of age, thereby linking behaviour to
      growth curves in a testable manner. A directed interview, derived from extended
      ethnographic research in community foodways and known as the Maternal and Child
      Health Indigenous Knowledge, or MACHIK Interview has been developed for use in
      Papua New Guinea societies. In this paper a short form designed specifically for
      gathering information on beliefs about child feeding is presented. Annotations to
      the questions are included to enable use by those having little experience or
      training in ethnographic methods.

PMID- 6595899
TI  - The impact of family planning service in rural Yangoru.
AB  - Data from family planning clinic cards and from village field studies in the
      Yangoru Subdistrict of the East Sepik Province show that the impact of family
      planning services in this rural area is currently low and likely to remain so for
      the forseeable future. Some suggestions are made for increasing present levels of
      acceptance.

PMID- 6595900
TI  - Carriage of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in children of the Eastern Highlands
      province.
AB  - The incidence of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in infected skin sores and the
      nasopharynx of 99 children from the Asaro Valley in the Eastern Highlands is
      reported. C. diphtheriae was isolated from 88% of skin sores and 26% of
      nasopharyngeal swabs. The most common biotype seen was C. diphtheriae var mitis.
      Toxigenic strains were uncommon, occurring in 5% of skin lesions and 15% of
      nasopharyngeal swabs. All isolates were sensitive to penicillin, erythromycin and
      chloramphenicol.

PMID- 6595901
TI  - Occupational safety and health in developing countries.

PMID- 6595902
TI  - Unreduced dislocations.

PMID- 6595903
TI  - Consumption of betel nut and its possible contribution to protein and energy
      intakes.

PMID- 6595904
TI  - Ethical considerations in clinical research.

PMID- 6595905
TI  - Industrial medical experience in the Kiunga Medical Base.

PMID- 6595906
TI  - An unusual intraocular foreign body.

PMID- 6595907
TI  - Maloprim--general toxicity or idiosyncrasy?

PMID- 6595909
TI  - [USA: consensus on sealants].

PMID- 6595908
TI  - [Social rank, sexuality and their relations to morphological and biochemical
      parameters in male DA rats].

PMID- 6595910
TI  - [Microbiological aspects of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6595911
TI  - [Limits of tooth retention capabilities from the periodontal point of view].

PMID- 6595912
TI  - [Actual scientific position of mucogingival surgery].

PMID- 6595913
TI  - [Periodontal measures with endosseous implants].

PMID- 6595914
TI  - [Antibiotics in dental, oral and gnathologic medicine].

PMID- 6595915
TI  - [Trigger point therapy in functional and inflammatory diseases in the dento-oro
      gnathic region].

PMID- 6595916
TI  - [Experiences with Merfluan tooth powder after periodontal surgery].

PMID- 6595917
TI  - [Orthodontic concepts in general dental practice].

PMID- 6595918
TI  - [Non-precious metal alloy Gisadent NCA and its handling].

PMID- 6595919
TI  - [Application of an altered polymerization system for the further development of
      Stafanat basic components].

PMID- 6595920
TI  - [The problems of relation analysis in fixed dentures].

PMID- 6595921
TI  - [The positioner, a device for post-treatment of occlusal corrections and
      orthodontic multi-band treatment].

PMID- 6595922
TI  - [Treatment of osteogenic sarcoma in childhood].

PMID- 6595923
TI  - Toward the use of monoclonal antibodies in the analysis of tumor progression and
      cellular heterogeneity of human breast cancer.
AB  - Most, if not all human tumors have a clonal derivation. However, during the
      expansion of a tumor cell clone secondary genetic changes are continuously
      generated (tumor progression) leading to phenotypic heterogeneity. This cellular
      heterogeneity appears to be the basis for the evolution of a metastatic behaviour
      and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. Using conventional histopathology only
      a very limited information is obtained concerning this heterogeneity but in the
      case of human breast cancer additional knowledge is provided by analyses of
      cellular DNA content and estrogen and progesteron receptors. During the last few
      years a very impressing progress has been made in attempts to raise monoclonal
      antibodies against breast cancer using the hybridoma technique. A number of
      diagnostically and perhaps therapeutically useful antibodies are already
      available. It is therefore anticipated that within the next few years a panel of
      anti-breast cancer antibodies will be made available which will be able to define
      cellular heterogeneity and identify prognostically important tumor cell markers.

PMID- 6595924
TI  - Prediction of survival in breast cancer. Principles and current status of hormone
      receptors and DNA content as prognostic factors.
AB  - The probability of survival in breast cancer patients is the net result of a
      number of factors. The presence of distant metastases, mostly occult, the size
      and growth rate of the systemic tumour burden and causes of mortality other than
      breast cancer are major determinants of the outcome after primary treatment. We
      emphasize the need for separating these different options as a prerequisite for
      individualized primary treatment and follow-up and also for a rational selection
      of patients for adjuvant therapy. Several lines of evidence suggest that the
      oestrogen receptor (ER) content reflects the growth rate of the tumour cells
      rather than their proneness to metastasize. A high ER content in the primary
      tumour would accordingly predict an extended disease-free survival and a
      relatively long survival after relapse rather than a low ultimate frequency of
      distant disease and mortality. Available data indicate that the progesterone
      receptor concentration extends--and possibly replaces--this prognostic
      implication of ER. Analyses of the clinical course in relation to the DNA content
      of the tumour cells are still at an early stage, but preliminary results point to
      a poorer prognosis in aneuploid than in euploid tumours, especially among
      patients with breast cancer of an early stage. It remains to be established,
      however, whether the distribution of the nuclear DNA content is mainly an
      expression of tumour growth rate or whether it is also an indicator of metastatic
      potential, and thus of long-term survival; and if so, whether it has this
      capacity independently of established prognostic factors such as axillary node
      status, tumour size and morphological characteristics.

PMID- 6595925
TI  - Clinical problems in relation to breast cancer screening with mammography. A
      preliminary report.
AB  - In the mammography screening in Ostergotland county, a shift to more favourable
      stages of breast tumours has been observed after five years of screening: stage I
      71% and stage II 29% in the study group compared with stage I 40% and stage II
      60% in the control group. 1 429 women were referred for clinical examination. 418
      (29%) turned out to have breast carcinomas. 339 patients (23%) needed more than
      one clinical examination for definite diagnosis. 49% of the tumours were smaller
      than 11 mm, and only 32% of the small invasive cancers were suspected of
      malignancy at the clinical examination.

PMID- 6595926
TI  - Breast cancer incidence and mortality. Aspects on aetiology, time trends and
      curability.
AB  - Breast cancer incidence is decisively influenced by life style, which probably to
      a large extent accounts for the more than fivefold international differences in
      incidence. Hence breast cancer is a potentially preventable disease. The lifetime
      risk of having a breast cancer diagnosed approaches 6% in the high-risk Nordic
      countries where the disease constitutes one-fourth of all malignant diseases in
      the female. A trend towards increasing incidence over several decades suggests a
      continuing addition of causative environmental agents affecting primarily the
      risk after the menopause. A constant mortality despite increasing incidence
      figures seems to be due to earlier diagnosis or a trend towards tumours with a
      lower malignancy potential rather than to therapeutic improvements. Breast cancer
      patients show an excess death rate also after 20 years of observation. Recent
      studies have, however, suggested the existence of a cured fraction constituting
      about 35% of all cases. The disease has also shown a more favourable prognosis in
      younger patients.

PMID- 6595927
TI  - [Circulating and bone marrow CFU-C in chronic myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6595928
TI  - [A case of basophilic crisis of Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia].

PMID- 6595929
TI  - [Chromosomal finding as a predictive parameter of splenectomy after acute crisis
      in patients with Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 6595930
TI  - Assay conditions of glucocorticoid receptors in human leukemic cells.

PMID- 6595931
TI  - Effect of combination therapy of specific active immunization and aclacinomycin-A
      on murine myeloid leukemia.

PMID- 6595932
TI  - In vitro effect of diazepam and prednisolone on leukemic cells from acute
      lymphoid leukemia cases.

PMID- 6595933
TI  - Cyclic oscillations of blood cells and serum biochemical data in a patient with
      chronic myeloid leukemia.

PMID- 6595934
TI  - Granulocytic hemopoietic precursors in different stages of chronic myelogenous
      leukemia with special reference to combined cytogenetic and colony culture
      studies.

PMID- 6595935
TI  - Treatment of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia with DCMP intensive chemotherapy.

PMID- 6595936
TI  - A case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia terminating in malignant histiocytosis.

PMID- 6595937
TI  - Hereditary diffuse leucoencephalopathy with spheroids.
AB  - The clinical, genetic, and morphological features of a previously unknown
      progressive neuropsychiatric disease are presented. By genealogical investigation
      of the background of an uncharacteristic case of presumed organic psychosis, we
      traced 71 relatives from four generations. The anamnestic data showed various
      combinations of psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, aggressiveness, and
      severe dementia), neurological symptoms (impaired balance with retropulsion,
      hyperkinesia, and epilepsy), and somatic symptoms (gastrointestinal disorders,
      arthritis, and gynaecological problems) in 17 (11 dead and 6 living) members of
      the family. Age at onset varied between 8 and 60 years. Some patients rapidly
      developed severe dementia and died a few months after the onset of symptoms,
      while in others the course was prolonged with dementia over several decades. The
      genetic interpretation indicated an autosomal dominant inheritance with possible
      full penetrance but widely variable expressivity. Morphological studies were
      performed on the central nervous system of four decreased family members (three
      siblings and their maternal uncle). The same type of widespread
      leucoencephalopathy was seen in the four autopsy cases. It was characterised by
      degeneration and loss of myelin sheaths and axons, occurrence of numerous
      neuroaxonal spheroids in the affected white matter, accumulation of lipid-laden
      macrophages, and gliosis. The bilateral, frontal, fronto-parietal, and temporal
      locations of the most pronounced, diffusely demarcated lesions corresponded
      fairly well to the symptoms of an organic psychosyndrome with its main substrate
      in the forebrain. For this new clinico-pathological entity, the name "hereditary
      diffuse leucoencephalopathy with spheroids" (HDLS) is proposed. As a working
      hypothesis, it is suggested that not only genetic, but also immunological and
      possible endocrine factors may contribute to the development of the disease.

PMID- 6595938
TI  - A psychological study of the personalities of XYY- and XXY-men.
AB  - This psychological study of the personalities of XYY- and XXY-men is part of a
      multidisciplinary investigation of non-institutionalized males with sex
      chromosome aberrations. Past and present views on these conditions have presented
      contradictory statements reflecting the enthusiasm with which abnormalities have
      been sought and recorded in studies of newly discovered conditions - not always
      with due respect to the validity of the methods applied. Methodological flaws
      include sampling bias, generalizations unacceptably made on single cases, lack of
      control groups, lack of a blind evaluation procedure and finally lack of
      sufficient broad-spectred data. Thus an impetus to reassessment of the sex
      aneuploid groups presents itself. Though four hypotheses have been set forth, it
      has not necessarily been in search of one universally appropriate theory. In
      matters as complicated as these concerning interrelations of biological,
      psychological and social factors, it does not enhance scientific thinking to try
      to make straight-line cause-and-effect connections; it is important to attack the
      question from different perspectives, and one theory does not make another
      redundant. This procedure has not elicited a cacophony of ideas from so many
      diverse sources, that it is difficult to distinguish the nature of the issues,
      which are under discussion. On the contrary, in the attempt to examine the four
      hypotheses a picture has emerged: This does not show any inconsistencies or
      controversies regardless of the perspective from which it is seen - thus
      manifesting the force of inner coherence. The first hypothesis deals with the
      question whether or not distinctive XYY- and XXY-syndromes of psychological
      features exist. The comparisons of the total amount of data stemming from the XYY
      men and the XXY-men lead to the statement, that the two groups are more alike
      than different. Both groups show a slight general deficit in global intelligence,
      but a wide spectrum of IQ scores is possible in both conditions. There is no
      evidence of different cognitive styles. Regarding personality both sex aneuploid
      groups seem to have more than less characteristics in common. There is a slight
      difference concerning the defensive pattern; the XYY's seem more rigid in their
      thinking, the XXY's being more indecisive. The latter group tends to be more
      submissive and dependent than the former, they are inclined to show less
      aggression against others, and criminal acts committed by XXY's point to be less
      impulsive than in the case of XYY's. The diversities manifesting themselves
      belong mainly to the sexual domain: the gender role and the sexual
      behaviour.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6595939
TI  - Mapping the human genome.

PMID- 6595940
TI  - [Early treatment of the nasal component in labiomaxillopalatine clefts].

PMID- 6595941
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma (histiocytosis X). Apropos of a case located at the level
      of the mandibular condyle].

PMID- 6595942
TI  - [Nasoethmoidal fractures].

PMID- 6595943
TI  - Malignant schwannoma of the tongue. Report of a case and review of the
      literature.

PMID- 6595944
TI  - [Primary surgical treatment of frontobasal injuries].

PMID- 6595945
TI  - K562 human erythroleukemia cell variants resistant to growth inhibition by
      butyrate have deficient histone acetylation.
AB  - K562 is an established human erythroleukemia cell line, inducible for hemoglobin
      synthesis by a variety of compounds including n-butyrate. To elucidate the role
      of butyrate-induced histone acetylation in the regulation of gene expression in
      K562 cells, we isolated 20 variants resistant to the growth inhibitory effect of
      butyrate. Four variants having different degrees of resistance were selected for
      detailed study. All four were found to be resistant to the hemoglobin-inducing
      effect of butyrate, suggesting that the two aspects of butyrate response,
      restriction of growth and induction of hemoglobin synthesis, are coupled.
      Further, after (5 days) culture with butyrate, two of the four variants exhibit
      less acetylation of H3 and H4 histones than does the butyrate-treated parent.
      Analysis of histone deacetylases from the variants indicated that each variant
      was distinct and that butyrate resistance may be accounted for by decreased
      affinity of the variant enzymes for butyrate, increased affinity of the enzymes
      for acetylated histone, or both. The fact that variants selected for resistance
      to growth inhibition by butyrate are also deficient in butyrate-induced
      hemoglobin synthesis and have abnormal histone deacetylase activity argues for
      butyrate inducing K562 cells to synthesize hemoglobin and restrict growth via
      histone acetylation.

PMID- 6595947
TI  - HLA typing in bartter syndrome.
AB  - The mode of inheritance of Bartter syndrome is unclear; however, autosomal
      recessive inheritance seems likely. A consistent genetic marker of the carrier
      state likewise remains elusive. HLA typing was done in a family in whom six of 12
      sibs have the syndrome. No significant HLA-syndrome linkage was found. This is in
      contrast to another familial hypokalemic syndrome in which a significant HLA
      association was found.

PMID- 6595946
TI  - Interrelationships between Amerindian tribes of lower Amazonia as manifest by HLA
      haplotype disequilibria.
AB  - HLA B-C haplotypes exhibit common disequilibria in populations drawn from four
      continents, indicating that they are subject to broadly active selective forces.
      However, the A-B and A-C associations we have examined show no consistent
      disequilibrium pattern, leaving open the possibility that these disequilibria are
      due to descent from common progenitors. By examining HLA haplotype distributions,
      I have explored the implications that would follow from the hypothesis that
      biological selection played no role in determining A-C disequilibria in 10
      diverse tribes of the lower Amazon Basin. Certain haplotypes are in strong
      positive disequilibria across a broad geographic area, suggesting that members of
      diverse tribes descend from common ancestors. On the basis of the extent of
      diffusion of the components of these haplotypes, one can estimate that the
      progenitors lived less than 6,000 years ago. One widely encountered lineage
      entered the area within the last 1,200 years. When haplotype frequencies are used
      in genetic distance measurements, they give a pattern of relationships very
      similar to that obtained by conventional chord measurements based on several
      genetic markers; but more than that, when individual haplotype disequilibria in
      the several tribes are compared, multiple origins of a single tribe are
      discernible and relationships are revealed that correlate more closely to
      geographic and linguistic patterns than do the genetic distance measurements.

PMID- 6595948
TI  - Exaggerated eosinophilia and acute lymphoid leukemia.

PMID- 6595949
TI  - Congenital acute lymphocytic leukemia in a newborn with Klinefelter syndrome.
AB  - A patient with congenital acute lymphocytic leukemia and Klinefelter syndrome is
      described. The abnormal karyotype appeared in both unstimulated lymphoblasts and
      stimulated remission lymphocytes. A buccal smear confirmed the presence of extra
      chromatin material. Klinefelter syndrome has not been described in congenital
      acute lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6595950
TI  - Occult abdominal involvement with apparently isolated testicular relapse in
      children with acute lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 6595951
TI  - Unintentional negative expiratory pressure.

PMID- 6595952
TI  - New lamps for old: failure of a Blease Manley MP3 ventilator.

PMID- 6595953
TI  - Vasomotor disturbance at unilateral cordotomy.

PMID- 6595954
TI  - Genetic markers in the blood of Spanish goat breeds.
AB  - Biochemical variation of four genetic markers (Hb, Al, Tf, 'X' protein) in the
      blood of four Spanish goat breeds was analysed with starch gel electrophoresis.
      The frequencies at all of these loci have been calculated for the Spanish goats
      and compared with some of the goat breeds studied so far by other authors.

PMID- 6595955
TI  - [Sex-related neurologic diseases. Familial X-linked mental retardation with a
      fragile X marker. Study of 8 families].

PMID- 6595956
TI  - Infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - Infective and febrile episodes were studied in 28 patients with childhood acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia. Most of the infections were referrable to the
      respiratory tract. Organisms commonly cultured were Gram positive bacteria. The
      incidence of febrile episodes were generally low but was higher during induction
      and remission.

PMID- 6595957
TI  - Testicular disease in Singapore children with acute leukemia.
AB  - A study was made on testicular leukaemia developing in children treated for
      leukaemia in the Department of Paediatrics, Singapore General Hospital over the
      past 6 years. Of the 44 cases of acute leukaemia treated, 24 were males, and 6
      developed testicular leukaemia, all occurring in patients with acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia. Half the cases developed testicular relapse while on
      chemotherapy with the other half developing it after all chemotherapy was
      stopped. There is a place for prophylactic radiotherapy to the testis. Testicular
      biopsy should be considered early in high risk groups.

PMID- 6595958
TI  - Chronic myeloid leukaemia in Singapore: a case study of 56 patients.
AB  - A case study was made on 56 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia in Singapore.
      The most common clinical presentations were abdominal discomfort with swelling
      and hepatosplenomegaly. The mean haemoglobin, white cell count, and platelet
      count at presentation were 9.23 g/dl, 217.9 X 10(9)/1 and 418 X 10(9)/1
      respectively. Twenty-three of the 56 patients had gone into blast transformation
      at the time of analysis. The median duration of the chronic phase from the time
      of diagnosis to the time of blast transformation was 23 months. The median
      duration of survival after blast transformation was 3 months. The median duration
      of survival for all patients was 23 months. Busulphan remains the drug of choice
      for the chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukaemia.

PMID- 6595959
TI  - High density lipoprotein cholesterol and apoprotein A1 in healthy volunteers
      during long-term moderate alcohol intake.
AB  - Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with lower cardiovascular mortality.
      The effect of moderate alcohol intake during 5 weeks on lipoproteins, especially
      on the high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol total (of which the levels are
      inversely predictive of coronary heart disease) and apoproteins A, A1 and B, was
      studied in 7 normal men. HDL cholesterol total appreciated by the heparin
      manganese precipitation method and phosphotungstate magnesium method increased (p
      less than 0.01) during alcohol consumption. The composition of HDL was modified
      by alcohol consumption: increase of the esterified/total cholesterol ratio (p
      less than 0.05) and phospholipids (p less than 0.05) without significant
      modification of triglycerides. Low density lipoprotein and very low density
      lipoprotein did not vary significantly. Apoprotein A1 increased during alcohol
      consumption (p less than 0.05) with a transitory increase of apoprotein A. There
      was no significant modification of apoprotein B.

PMID- 6595960
TI  - Cytogenetic characterization and DNA content analysis of Ad 2-transformed rat
      embryo brain cells.
AB  - An adenovirus type 2-transformed rat embryo brain cell line (F 17 A2AS) and two
      of its subclones (F 17 CI, F 17 C2) have been studied using chromosome banding
      and flow cytometric techniques. In determining the modal chromosome number, a
      bimodal distribution was observed in each of the cell lines. In each case the
      first numerical mode fell in the hypertriploid or hypotetraploid range while the
      second represented a mode in the hypertetraploid range. Analysis of Giemsa-banded
      karyotypes revealed the presence of several marker chromosomes. In most cases the
      origins of the markers could be established from their characteristics Giemsa
      banding patterns. In particular, chromosome 2 was involved in the formation of
      several marker chromosomes. The DNA content analysis confirmed the bimodal
      chromosome distribution with values in the near tetraploid and near pentaploid
      range for each cell line.

PMID- 6595961
TI  - Imipenem therapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other serious bacterial
      infections.
AB  - Imipenem is the first of a new class of beta-lactam antimicrobial agents with
      remarkable and extremely potent in vitro activity against most commonly isolated
      bacterial pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus, members of
      the family Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacteroides fragilis, and
      Hemophilus influenzae. The clinical efficacy and toxicity of imipenem were
      evaluated in 35 patients with 38 different infections. The overall clinical
      response was favorable (infections cured or improved) in 89% of the infections
      (34 of 38). Of the 17 infections with P. aeruginosa, 15 were cured or improved.
      However, P. aeruginosa isolates resistant to imipenem emerged during the therapy
      of six infections, and two cases of P. aeruginosa septicemia later relapsed after
      imipenem therapy. Gastrointestinal toxicity (nausea with or without emesis)
      occurred in 17% of the patients (6 of 35) but was ameliorated by slowing the rate
      of intravenous infusion or lowering the dose of imipenem. Except for certain
      severe P. aeruginosa infections, imipenem is effective and relatively safe
      therapy for infections caused by susceptible organisms.

PMID- 6595962
TI  - Disposition of radiolabeled imipenem and cilastatin in normal human volunteers.
AB  - In the first of two successive studies, four healthy male subjects received 500
      mg of 14C-labeled imipenem alone and together with 500 mg of unlabeled cilastatin
      sodium. In the second study, the same subjects were given 250 mg of 14C-labeled
      cilastatin sodium alone and together with 250 and 1,000 mg of cold imipenem.
      Concentrations of imipenem and cilastatin in plasma, urine, and feces were
      assayed by high-pressure liquid chromatography and radiometry. Plasma
      concentrations of imipenem assayed radiometrically were higher than those
      measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography. In one subject studied at the
      end of drug administration, the open lactam metabolite of imipenem represented 9%
      of the radioactivity. Plasma levels of cilastatin determined by high-pressure
      liquid chromatography and radiometry were virtually identical. Urinary recovery
      of imipenem varied between 12 and 42% of the dose when that drug was given alone
      but increased to between 64 and 75% when administered with cilastatin sodium at a
      1:1 ratio. Almost all radioactivity of imipenem was recovered in the urine within
      96 h after drug administration. The open lactam metabolite, resulting from the
      metabolism of imipenem in the kidneys by a dipeptidase, dehydropeptidase-I,
      represented 80 to 90% of the effluent radioactivity when imipenem was given alone
      and about 20% when cilastatin sodium was coadministered. Renal excretion of
      cilastatin followed closely that of imipenem. Almost all of the administered
      radioactivity was recovered in 24 h, and about 75% of the dose was recovered as
      unchanged cilastatin within 6 h. The N-acetyl metabolite of cilastatin was found
      to represent about 12% of the total radioactivity.

PMID- 6595963
TI  - Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of imipenem-cilastatin.
AB  - We characterized the pharmacokinetic profile of imipenem-cilastatin administered
      intravenously to six normal volunteers in a dose of 1,000 mg of each drug every 6
      h for 40 doses. The plasma concentrations of imipenem and cilastatin 1 h after
      the end of a 30-min infusion were 18.7 (+/- 2.1) and 19.1 (+/- 4.6), 20.0 (+/-
      3.2) and 17.8 (+/- 4.8), and 23.4 (+/- 2.3) and 19.1 (+/- 3.5) micrograms/ml in
      the 1st, 17th, and 37th dosing intervals, respectively. The central compartment
      volumes of distribution for imipenem and cilastatin were 0.16 (+/- 0.05) and 0.14
      (+/- 0.03) liter/kg, respectively. Elimination half-lives were short: 0.93 (+/-
      0.09) h for imipenem and 0.84 (+/- 0.11) h for cilastatin. Plasma clearances were
      12.1 (+/- 0.06) liters/h per 1.73 m2 for imipenem and 12.4 (+/- 1.1) liters/h per
      1.73 m2 for cilastatin. Renal clearance accounted for 54% of the plasma clearance
      of imipenem and 69% of the plasma clearance of cilastatin. The concentrations of
      imipenem in plasma and urine remained above the MICs of the vast majority of
      pathogens throughout the dosing interval.

PMID- 6595964
TI  - Concentrations of cefmetazole in plasma and tissue resulting from peri-incisional
      administration before appendectomy.
AB  - The levels of cefmetazole in plasma and tissue were determined after injection of
      a dose of 30 mg/kg into the zone of the wound of each of 15 patients undergoing
      appendectomy. The mean plasma levels of cefmetazole at the start and end of
      surgery (8.9 +/- 2.4 and 31.7 +/- 6.4 min after dosage) were 21.1 and 59.0
      micrograms/ml, respectively; concentrations of the drug were 14.6 and 4,486.9
      micrograms/g in skin, 9,165.0 and 1,756.4 micrograms/g in subcutaneous tissue,
      and 8,669.6 and 2,022.9 micrograms/g in muscle.

PMID- 6595965
TI  - Use of time-lapse video recording for the direct measurement of behavior in the
      mentally retarded.
AB  - In the present paper behaviors of mentally retarded children were recorded
      simultaneously on real time and time lapse video recorders. Behaviors on the time
      lapse recordings occurred at a rate 12 times faster than they actually occurred
      in real time resulting in a 92 percent reduction in the time required to score
      the tapes. Reliability estimates from real time and time lapse records were high
      and correspondence between the two methods was good. The limitations of time
      lapse and the feasibilities for the extended use of time lapse video recorders in
      behavioral and ecobehavioral assessment of mentally retarded individuals are
      discussed.

PMID- 6595967
TI  - Possible role of prostaglandins in the regulation of food intake in the newborn
      rat.
AB  - The effect of fatty acids (prostaglandins, arachidonic and linoleic acids) and
      prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors on food intake (measured as change in weight)
      were studied in newborn and young rats. PGE2 (0.1, 0.5 mg/kg) and PGF2 alpha (0.5
      mg/kg) inhibited feeding in the 6 hr deprived 1 day old rat. Under the same
      deprivation PGF2 alpha (0.5, 1 mg/kg) also caused anorexia in 5, 10 and 15 day
      old rats. S.C. injection of arachidonic acid (2.5-20 mg/kg) and linoleic acid
      (150 mg/kg) depressed while aspirin (200-400 mg/kg) and indomethacin 8-32 mg/kg)
      increased feeding in the non-deprived 1 day old rat. The anorectic activity of
      arachidonic acid is antagonized by prior (1 hr) administration of aspirin (100
      mg/kg) and indomethacin (4 mg/kg) indicating the involvement of prostaglandins in
      arachidonic acid-induced anorexia. S.C. injection of aspirin (400 mg/kg),
      indomethacin (4,8 mg/kg) and flurbiprofen (3.12-25 mg/kg) to 1.5 hr deprived 5
      day old rats also increased food intake. It is hypothesized that the
      prostaglandin-generating system and endogenous aspirin (endospirin)-like
      substances, which inhibit such a generation, play an important physiological role
      in the regulation of hunger-satiety in the newborn rat.

PMID- 6595966
TI  - Regulation of the expression of epidermal keratinocyte proliferation and
      differentiation by vitamin A analogs.
AB  - A number of vitamin A analogs (retinoids) were used to manipulate the growth of
      epidermal keratinocytes in culture. The retinoids used were the TMMP analog of
      ethyl retinoate (Ro 10-9359), 13-cis retinoic acid, all trans retinoic acid and
      retinol (trans). These were added to primarily neonatal mouse epidermal
      keratinocyte cultures that proliferate, stratify, and differentiate over 2-3
      weeks. [3H]Tdr labeling technics were used to quantitate proliferation. A
      histologic stain, and a four buffer protein extraction protocol, used in
      conjunction with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorographic technics,
      were used to assess the differentiation of the cultures. Our results showed that
      all of the vitamin A analogs we tested inhibited keratinocyte proliferation.
      Quantitation of specific differentiation proteins showed that Ro 10-9359 and 13
      cis retinoic acid partially inhibited the differentiation of the cultures. The Ro
      10-9359 retinoid was unusual in that it increased the synthesis of keratohyalin
      granule-related proteins. These studies showed that inhibition of basal cell
      proliferation did not result in the obligatory expression of cell differentiation
      and that at least one of the events that is a part of epidermal keratinocyte
      differentiation can be separately controlled.

PMID- 6595968
TI  - Oxygen protection of nitrogenase in Frankia sp. HFPArI3.
AB  - O2 protection of nitrogenase in a cultured Frankia isolate from Alnus rubra
      (HFPArI3) was studied in vivo. Evidence for a passive gas diffusion barrier in
      the vesicles was obtained by kinetic analysis of in vivo O2 uptake and acetylene
      reduction rates in response to substrate concentration. O2 of NH4+-grown cells
      showed an apparent KmO2 of approximately 1 microM O2. In N2-fixing cultures a
      second Km O2 of about 215 microM O2 was observed. Thus, respiration remained
      unsaturated by O2 at air-saturation levels. In vivo, the apparent Km for
      acetylene was more than 10-fold greater than reported in vitro values. These data
      were interpreted as evidence for a gas diffusion barrier in the vesicles but not
      vegetative filaments of Frankia sp. HFPArI3.

PMID- 6595970
TI  - Disease, metabolism and reproduction in the toxic response to drugs and other
      chemicals. Proceedings of the European Society of Toxicology. Rome, March 28-30,
      1983.

PMID- 6595969
TI  - Drug-induced cardionecrosis.
AB  - Cardiotoxicity may be defined as a drug action producing abnormalities in cardiac
      function, such as transitory disturbances or rhythm, conduction or contractility.
      Clearance of the drug is followed by recovery of the initial function.
      Cardionecrosis is the irreversible consequence of cardiotoxicity. Its appearance
      depends not only upon the toxicological potency of a given compound but may also
      depend upon the pathophysiological state of the heart. Therefore, two main
      categories may be recognized considering the influence of this state. Drugs may
      act on the processes controlling cellular structure such as protein biosynthesis
      in the case of antibiotics of the anthracycline group. Drugs may act at the level
      of metabolic regulation through a membranal or an intracellular action; in this
      case, the functional state of the heart plays a major role. This is mainly
      observed with sympathomimetics and with drugs interacting with the function of
      catecholamines. The cardiotoxicity observed in such conditions mimics the action
      of anoxia or of ischemia. The main determinant of the cardiac lesion is probably
      the disturbance of cellular calcium metabolism. This situation may be prevented
      (or treated) by the use of calcium entry blockers (calcium antagonists). A great
      part of this report will deal with the second group of drugs, because of their
      potential importance as a chemical hazard for the population and because of a
      possible preventive protection by calcium entry blockers (calcium antagonists).

PMID- 6595971
TI  - Effects of drugs and chemicals on spermatogenesis.
AB  - Many drugs and chemicals have been found which interfere with the process of
      spermatogenesis. Among these substances are, for example, sex-hormones
      (androgens, antiandrogens, estrogens, progestogens, anabolics),
      chemotherapeutics, antibiotics, antifungal drugs, anticancer drugs, nonsteroidal
      antiinflammatory drugs, antihypertensives, neuroleptics, dopaminantagonists,
      indols, tranquilizers, tricyclic antidepressives, heavy metals (Co, Cd), MAO
      inhibitors, antimetabolites, barbiturates, immunosuppressives (glucocorticoids),
      aldosteronantagonists, anticonvulsives, and perhaps alcohol and nicotine.
      Concerning the mechanism by which spermatogenesis is effected several points of
      interference have to be considered: inhibition of gonadotrophin secretion,
      inhibition of enzymes involved in androgen biosynthesis, direct effects on the
      germinal epithelium or on Sertoli cell function, competitive inhibition of
      hormone action, damage of the blood-testes barrier and other mechanisms. Some of
      these mechanisms will be discussed.

PMID- 6595972
TI  - Assessment of chemicals affecting the male reproductive system.
AB  - The reproductive toxicologist must be more concerned with the ability of
      laboratory models to predict human reproductive hazards and to estimate human
      health risks. Although more than a hundred chemicals have been reported to affect
      the reproductive capacity of male laboratory animals, fewer than 15 environmental
      chemicals have been shown conclusively to affect man and many of these are known
      mutagens, carcinogens or otherwise generally toxic agents. Pharmacokinetic and
      adaptive factors must be considered. More attention also needs to be directed
      towards processes other than spermatogenesis and towards mechanisms of toxicity
      other than cytotoxicity. The male component necessary for successful reproduction
      depends on a large variety of biological processes working in concert. The
      ability to assess chemically-induced reproductive effects needs to be refined and
      modern molecular and cellular approaches should be developed and validated. This
      paper summarizes aspects of the pharmacokinetic and adaptive factors involved in
      testicular toxicity, some current laboratory assessment techniques, and newer
      test procedures such as monoclonal antibodies for sperm surface proteins and the
      interspecies (human/hamster) sperm penetration assay.

PMID- 6595973
TI  - Toxic and mutagenic influences on spermatogenesis.
AB  - Cells at various stages of spermatogenesis show remarkable differences in their
      sensitivities to toxic and mutagenic agents. For accurate analyses of toxicity
      and mutagenicity, the most sensitive cell types should be obtained for studies
      soon after treatment before development of disturbing secondary alterations. The
      transillumination phase contrast microscopic technique has proved to be useful
      for this purpose. It allows recognition of rat and mouse seminiferous tubules in
      living unstained conditions for accurate selection of the desired stages of the
      cycle of the seminiferous epithelium for morphological and biochemical studies.
      Specific cell damage can be frequently recognized by transillumination only,
      whereas in most cases phase contrast microscopy is useful in screening the early
      stage-specific toxic alterations. A summary is presented of the results obtained
      by treatment with heat and with anticancer drugs. A meiotic micronucleus method
      has been developed for direct estimation of the severity of mutagenic insult on
      rat spermatogenesis. The segment that contains the second meiotic division and
      the early postmeiotic cells (stages XIV and I) is selected for study. Chromosome
      damage induced by mutagens may result in the formation of acentric fragments that
      after meiotic divisions are seen in early spermatids as separate micronuclei.
      They can be quantitated in squash preparations; the sensitivity of this method is
      comparable with that of the meiotic metaphase scoring. Recently, an in vitro
      technique has been developed for stage and cell specific measurements of
      replicative and repair syntheses of DNA during rat spermatogenesis after mutagen
      treatments.

PMID- 6595974
TI  - Morphological changes produced in rat testis by anticancer drugs.
AB  - Testicular side effects of procarbazine (Proc: 50 or 200 mg/kg i.p.), vincristine
      (Vin: 0.15 or 0.6 mg/kg i.p.) or busulfan (Bu: 10 mg/kg p.o.) were examined by
      morphological methods 3 days, 1 week and weekly thereafter until week 10 after a
      single exposure. With Proc a degeneration of the germ cells, particularly of mid
      primary spermatocytes, was seen first. Morphogenesis of early spermatids was
      disturbed, especially of those subcellular elements depending on an intact RNA
      metabolism. Later, giant cells were frequent. Vin led first to a malformation of
      late spermatids and arrest of cell division of spermatocytes and especially of
      spermatogonia, indicating microtubule dysfunction. After 2 and 4 weeks Bu showed
      a disappearance of spermatogonia and early spermatocytes leading to a depletion
      of the germinal epithelium by maturation. Late effects were rather similar in all
      the groups.

PMID- 6595975
TI  - Aspects of testicular toxicity induced by anticancer drugs.
AB  - Newer histopathologic techniques were used in combination with sperm head counts
      (SHC) and serial mating (SM) studies to assess different aspects of testicular
      toxicity. Adult male rats were treated once intraperitoneally (i.p.) with
      vincristine (Vin: 0.15 and 0.6 mg/kg) or procarbazine (Proc: 50 and 200 mg/kg).
      Investigations were performed at weekly intervals until 10 weeks after treatment.
      SHC are a good parameter for cytotoxicity (Vin, Proc) assessed in great detail by
      morphological examination. Optimal fixation after perfusion and high optical
      resolution of semi-thin sections also allow the study of early and subtle
      specific alterations. However, they do not replace SM studies for the assessment
      of genotoxicity (Proc). In turn, SM studies are poor indicators of cytotoxicity.

PMID- 6595976
TI  - Changes in germinal tissue and Leydig cells correlated with ethanol consumption
      in males with and without liver disease.
AB  - The weight of testicles and morphometric changes in testicular germinal tissue
      and Leydig cells were correlated with chronic consumption of ethyl alcohol and
      liver diseases in 44 consecutive autopsies. The mass and volume of seminiferous
      tubules decreased with the increase in alcohol consumption (p less than 0.05).
      The atrophy and fibrosis of testicles were most advanced in males with liver
      cirrhosis (p less than 0.005) and in males with moderate or heavy fatty liver (p
      less than 0.01) whereas these parameters were only slightly decreased in
      alcoholic males with normal liver despite the greater amount of ethanol consumed.
      The changes in Leydig cells were mainly inconspicious. These results indicate
      that the most sensitive tissue to chronic alcohol-induced injury in testis is the
      germinal tissue and point out the role of liver diseases in testicular damage
      found in alcoholics.

PMID- 6595977
TI  - Testicular effects of some xanthine derivatives in the rat.
AB  - Testicular toxicity as well as effects on body weight gain and food consumption
      of four xanthine derivatives were studied in the Sprague-Dawley rat. The
      influence on toxicity by variation of the substituent at positions 1 and 3 on the
      xanthine skeleton was tested. The compounds were administered orally once a day
      for 1 month. The 1-methylated xanthines seemed to be more toxic than the non
      methylated compounds.

PMID- 6595978
TI  - Investigations into the mechanism of coumarin-induced hepatotoxicity in the rat.
AB  - The administration of single doses of coumarin to the rat was found to produce
      hepatic centrilobular necrosis and also to depress a number of hepatic enzyme
      activities within 24 h. Coumarin-induced liver damage was diminished by
      pretreatment with cobaltous chloride but potentiated by the administration of
      diethyl maleate. Hepatic reduced non-protein sulphydryl levels were rapidly
      depleted following coumarin treatment whereas urinary mercapturic acid excretion
      was enhanced suggesting the formation of a coumarin metabolite or metabolites
      hitherto undetected in this species. In in vitro studies [3-14C]coumarin was
      converted by rat hepatic microsomes to reactive intermediates which became bound
      covalently to microsomal proteins. Additional studies established that the
      formation of reactive metabolites was a cytochrome P-450 dependent process and
      that macromolecular binding could be inhibited by sulphydryl compounds (including
      reduced glutathione) and hepatic cytosol fractions. These results demonstrate
      that coumarin-induced hepatotoxicity in the rat is likely to be mediated via one
      or more reactive metabolites generated by cytochrome P-450 dependent enzymes and
      that reduced glutathione and other thiol agents constitute a detoxification
      pathway.

PMID- 6595979
TI  - Effect of daily high doses of paracetamol given orally during spermatogenesis in
      the rat testes.
AB  - Daily treatment of male rats with high doses of Paracetamol (500 mg/kg) during
      spermatogenesis provokes a significant decrease of testes weight (p is less than
      0.001), a significant increase of testicular cytosol glutathione transferase
      activity ( p is less than 0.02) and of lipid peroxides in the whole homogenate (p
      is less than 0.01) but not in the microsomes. These alterations could be related
      to a stimulation of testicular metabolism but cannot produce a biochemical lesion
      such as glutathione depletion since its testicular content is not modified in
      these experimental conditions.

PMID- 6595980
TI  - The effects on the rat testis of single inhalation exposures to ethylene glycol
      monoalkyl ethers, in particular ethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
AB  - The effects of a single inhalation exposure to the rat of the saturated vapours
      derived from four ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers have been investigated. No
      effects on the testis were observed following exposure to ethylene glycol
      isopropyl ether (EG ISOPE) and ethylene glycol butyl ether (EGBE), but there were
      marked reductions in testicular weight 14 days after exposure to ethylene glycol
      monomethyl ether (EGME) and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE). Further
      studies were designed to establish the effect of a single exposure to EGME.
      Mature male albino rats were exposed to various levels of EGME vapour for a
      single 4-h period and killed 14 days later. Following this single exposure a dose
      related decrease in testis weight was observed in rats exposed to 5,000, 2,500 or
      1,250 ppm EGME. Histopathological examination revealed disordered spermatogenesis
      and tubular atrophy in these animals. Minimal degenerative changes were seen in
      the testis of rats exposed to 625 ppm EGME. When rats were examined at various
      time intervals after exposure to EGME vapour for 4 h, testis weight was reduced
      in rats examined 2 days after exposure to 2,500 and 1,000 ppm EGME and remained
      depressed when compared with control values for up to 19 days following exposure.
      Histopathological examination of the testis revealed disordered spermatogenesis
      in exposed animals evident at 1 day following exposure to either 2,500 or 1,00
      ppm EGME.

PMID- 6595981
TI  - Accumulation of toxic metals in male reproduction organs.
AB  - Occupation exposure to metals has been related to impaired reproduction in males.
      This report summarizes autoradiographic studies on the distribution of cadmium
      (Cd), chromium (Cr) and arsenic (As) in the testis and epididymis of rodents. Cd
      and Cr strongly accumulated in the interstitial tissues, indicating an effect on
      hormone production (Leydig cells) and blood supply or both. Arsenic accumulated
      in the lumen of the duct of epididymis causing long-term exposure of the semen.

PMID- 6595982
TI  - Active metabolites in toxicology: the role of cytochrome P-448 and flavoprotein
      oxidases.
AB  - The activation of toxic chemicals and carcinogens into reactive intermediates
      involves oxygenation in hindered positions of the molecule, by cytochrome P-448
      (LM4), flavoprotein oxidoreductases, or transoxygenation during prostaglandin
      biosynthesis. Cytochrome P-450 (LM2) does not oxygenate in hindered positions and
      therefore generally detoxicates carcinogens and toxic chemicals. Cytochrome P-448
      has a different active site from cytochrome P-450, which enables it to oxygenate
      substrates in conformationally-hindered positions.

PMID- 6595983
TI  - Structural characteristics of compounds that can be activated to chemically
      reactive metabolites: use for a prediction of a carcinogenic potential.
AB  - Many mutagens and carcinogens act via covalent interaction of metabolic
      intermediates with DNA in the target cell. This report groups those structural
      elements which are often found to form the basis for a metabolism to such
      chemically reactive metabolites. Compounds which are chemically reactive per se
      and which do not require metabolic activation form group 1. Group 2 comprises of
      olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons where the oxidation via an epoxide can be
      responsible for the generation of reactive species. Aromatic amines, hydrazines,
      and nitrosamines form group 3 requiring an oxidation of a nitrogen atom or of a
      carbon atom in alpha position to a nitrosated amine. Group 4 compounds are
      halogenated hydrocarbons which can either give rise to radicals or can form an
      olefin (group 2) upon dehydrohalogenation. Group 5 compounds depend upon some
      preceding enzymatic activity either not available in the target cell or acting on
      positions in the molecule which are not directly involved in the subsequent
      formation of electrophilic atoms. Examples for each group are taken from the
      "List of Chemicals and Industrial Processes Associated with Cancer in Humans" as
      compiled by the International Agency for the Research on Cancer, and it is shown
      that 91% of the organic carcinogens would have been detected on the basis of
      structural elements characteristic for group 1-5. As opposed to this very high
      sensitivity, the specificity (the true negative fraction) of using this approach
      as a short-term test for carcinogenicity is shown to be bad because
      detoxification pathways have so far not been taken into account. These competing
      processes are so complex, however, that either only very extensive knowledge
      about pharmacokinetics, stability, and reactivity will be required or that in
      vivo systems have to be used to predict, on a quantitative basis, the damage
      expected on the DNA. DNA-binding experiments in vivo are presented with benzene
      and toluene to demonstrate one possible way for an experimental assessment and it
      is shown that the detoxification reaction at the methyl group available only in
      toluene gives rise to a reduction by at least a factor of forty for the binding
      to rat liver DNA. This quantitative approach available with DNA-binding tests in
      vivo, also allows evaluation as to whether reactive metabolites and their DNA
      binding are always the most important single activities contributing to the
      overall carcinogenicity of a chemical.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6595984
TI  - Covalent binding to proteins as a mechanism of chemical toxicity.
AB  - The capacity of chemicals to interact covalently with cellular macromolecules in
      in vitro systems was exploited to elucidate the structure of secondary
      metabolites, namely arene oxide derivatives, in the biotransformation of styrene.
      Covalent binding to proteins was also determined to check the presence and
      activity of enzymatic systems in subcellular compartments other than microsomes,
      e.g., nuclei. In experiments with cyclophosphamide as substrate it was shown that
      nuclear enzymatic activities might well be responsible for drug covalent binding
      to DNA.

PMID- 6595985
TI  - Species differences in oxidative drug metabolism: some basic considerations.
AB  - Perhaps one of the single most important developments in the past 20 years in the
      understanding of chemical toxicity has been the realisation of the importance of
      metabolic transformation in this process. It is now widely appreciated that the
      toxic effects of many chemicals is a function of their metabolism rather than the
      substance itself. Of central interest to the toxicologist therefore is an
      understanding of the metabolism of a toxic chemical and the significance of this
      in the toxic process. The metabolic process itself however can be highly variable
      both between and within animal species. For this reason the toxicologist may have
      to consider both species and strain differences in metabolism when attempting to
      extrapolate findings to man in the safety evaluation process. For the past twenty
      years, work on species differences in metabolism has been largely of a
      descriptive nature and the cataloguing of differences. However, developments in
      the last few years in the understanding of the genetic diversity of species,
      including man, in terms of biotransformation and the nature and substrate
      preferences of the various multiple forms of the drug-metabolizing enzymes now
      give a better insight into the nature of species differences of metabolism.
      Furthermore, an understanding of this problem tempers expectations in terms of
      what may be hoped for in the extrapolation from other species. For example, the
      search for a species that metabolizes like man will be seen to be ill-conceived
      and ill-advised. The presentation deals with some of the fundamental aspects of
      species and strain differences in oxidative metabolism in particular and the
      implications that this has for the toxicologist in the safety evaluation process.

PMID- 6595986
TI  - Human pharmacokinetics and safety of boric acid.
AB  - Using an in vitro technique it has been demonstrated that water-emulsifying and
      hydrophobic ointments containing boric acid liberate only minute amounts (1-6%)
      within 24 h compared with the nearly total liberation from a jelly. When an
      amount of boric acid containing ointment is swallowed, the absorption is only
      slightly delayed compared with a similar intake when dissolved in water, and in
      both cases nearly total excretion is found in the urine within 96 h. The halflife
      (t 1/2 beta) is 21 h (mean, 7 adult men). The pharmacokinetics rule out the risk
      of cumulative poisoning with topical preparations containing low amounts of boric
      acid. The use of water-emulsifying ointments containing up to 3% boric acid
      should be safe, even for repeated daily use in the napkin region.

PMID- 6595987
TI  - The influence of paracetamol on the hepatic biosynthesis of lecithin.
AB  - In paracetamol induced liver injury changes in the phospholipid components of
      microsomal membranes are usual. Direct incubation of paracetamol with subcellular
      fractions of human liver specimens did not alter the biosynthesis of lecithin.
      Preincubation of liver slices with paracetamol led to an increased synthesis of
      lecithin. The presence of intact cells and the integrity of hepatocellular
      function seem to be a prerequisite for the poisoning effects in vitro.

PMID- 6595988
TI  - Decreased blood levels of ethanol and acetaldehyde by S-adenosyl-L-methionine in
      humans.
AB  - In view of the protective effects of SAM on alcohol-induced fatty liver
      degeneration, an investigation has been carried out to see if this compound
      accelerates the clearance of ethanol and acetaldehyde in humans. Both parameters
      were significantly lower after SAM, indicating the capability of exogenous SAM to
      favour the inactivation of ethanol without increasing blood levels of
      acetaldehyde.

PMID- 6595989
TI  - Methadone affects the histochemical pattern of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in
      the liver of pregnant rats.
AB  - Enzyme histochemistry performed on the liver of pregnant and non pregnant rats
      indicates that methadone (ME) does not cause direct damage to the cells. On the
      other hand, the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase was decreased in the periportal
      tract of the liver lobule of pregnant rats treated with 10 mg/kg ME for 20 days.
      NADPH dehydrogenase was increased in the central areas of the liver lobule within
      3 days of ME treatment. It is suggested that a derangement of xenobiotic
      metabolizing enzymes in the liver, as well as in other organs, may be contribute
      to some of the alterations observed in ME treated animals.

PMID- 6595990
TI  - Increased microsomal metabolism of n-hexane in rat kidney and liver after
      inhalation of isopropanol.
AB  - Inhalation of 200, 2,000, and 8,000 ppm isopropanol for 2 weeks enhanced the in
      vitro metabolism of n-hexane in microsomal preparations. The formation of the
      preneurotoxic metabolite 2-hexanol increased 9, 80, and 198%, respectively, in
      the kidney and 9, 22, and 132% in the liver. The concentration of cytochrome P
      450 was also increased in a dose-dependent way with increases of 14, 40, and 43%,
      respectively, in the kidney and 6, 12, and 18% in the liver. The present
      investigation demonstrates similar effects of isopropanol after inhalation on
      kidney and liver microsomal enzymes. In both organs isopropanol was shown to
      potentiate the formation of neurotoxic metabolites from n-hexane. However,
      cytochrome P-450 appears to be more easily induced in kidney than in liver.

PMID- 6595991
TI  - Dose-dependent pharmacokinetics of clofibric acid in the non-human primate.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of clofibric acid (CPIB, the active metabolite of
      clofibrate) has been studied in two species of non-human primate after
      administration by two routes at three dose levels. Plasma CPIB concentrations
      were determined by HPLC. In both the cynomolgus monkey and the baboon, the
      systemic availability of orally administered CPIB did not differ significantly
      from 100%; the rates of bioavailability, however, showed a dose-related trend. At
      the lowest dose level (15 mg/kg), the plasma concentration-time profile appeared
      to follow first order kinetics, with an apparent t1/2 of 1 h; at dose levels
      which might be used in toxicity studies (45 and 150 mg/kg) the apparent t1/2 was
      longer, indicating dose-related trends by both routes of administration. The
      pharmacokinetics of CPIB are therefore non-linear over the dose range considered.
      CPIB protein binding was concentration-dependent over the range 50-700
      micrograms/ml. Re-estimation of kinetic parameters in terms of free drug
      concentration did not remove the non-linearity. It is concluded that the
      pharmacokinetics of CPIB in the non-human primate are dose-dependent but that the
      extent of absorption of an oral dose was independent of dose level over the range
      studied.

PMID- 6595992
TI  - Different pathways of chloroform metabolism.
AB  - Chloroform metabolism can occur in liver, under physiological pO2 conditions,
      with and without participation of O2. Although, under anaerobic conditions the
      protein covalent binding of CHCl3 metabolites is lowered, cytochrome P-450
      decrease is more substantial. The loss of cytochrome P-450 cannot be accounted
      for either by heme destruction or lipid peroxidation under anaerobic conditions.
      It is not prevented by GSH. Different spectral changes occur between 400 and 500
      nm, depending on the oxygen concentration; transition takes place at 1-6% pO2.

PMID- 6595993
TI  - In vitro inhibition of lysosomal phospholipases by aminoglycoside antibiotics: a
      comparative study.
AB  - Aminoglycosides induce an early and characteristic phospholipidosis in the
      lysosomes of kidney tubular cells. Inhibition of lysosomal phospholipase activity
      by gentamicin has been demonstrated in vivo and in vitro. Ten aminoglycosides
      have been examined for their potency in inhibiting phospholipases A1 and A2.
      Similar IC50's and IC90's (concentrations causing 50 and 90% inhibition) were
      found for sisomicin, dibekacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, kanamycin B and
      netilmicin. Kanamycin A, HABA-dibekacin and amikacin showed increasingly higher
      IC's. Thus, both the number and the position of amino groups are important.
      Streptomycin had little effect on phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis. Kinetic studies
      with gentamicin suggest a competitive type of inhibition. This approach may help
      for the in vitro screening of less toxic aminoglycosides.

PMID- 6595994
TI  - Erythrocyte-dependent metabolic activation of styrene and induction of sister
      chromatid exchange in cultured human lymphocytes.
AB  - Human erythrocytes can oxidize styrene to styrene-7,8-oxide in the absence of the
      co-factors required for metabolic reactions catalysed by the microsomal
      cytochrome P-450 system. This probably explains the increased incidence of sister
      chromatid exchanges (SCEs) that was detected in whole blood lymphocyte cultures
      from 11 male donors after treatment in vitro (48 h) with styrene (2 mM). Styrene
      7,8-oxide (0.15 mM) also induced SCEs in these cultures. Styrene (0.5-4.0 mM)
      increased the incidence of SCEs only slightly in cultures of isolated lymphocytes
      (2 X 10(4) erythrocytes/ml), but had a clear dose-dependent effect in whole blood
      cultures (2-4 X 10(8) erythrocytes/ml). When erythrocytes were added to purified
      cultures, SCE incidence increased after treatment with styrene (2 mM).
      Cyclophosphamide elevated the incidence of SCEs almost equally efficiently in
      whole blood and in isolated lymphocytes. It is suggested that styrene induces
      SCEs after transformation to styrene-7,8-oxide by oxyhemoglobin in erythrocytes,
      whereas cyclophosphamide is activated by the lymphocytes themselves.

PMID- 6595995
TI  - Interaction of acrylonitrile with the liver mixed function oxidases.
AB  - The effect on the liver mixed function oxidases of acrylonitrile revealed an
      inhibition of the benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase and of the epoxide hydrase whereas
      aniline hydroxylase is unaffected. These findings exclude the possibility that
      the inhibitory effect of certain hydroxylation activities of the liver microsomes
      can be secondary to a direct effect of acrylonitrile on cytochrome P-450 but
      suggest the hypothesis that the inhibition is mediated by the cyanide released
      during acrylonitrile metabolism.

PMID- 6595996
TI  - Erythromycin estolate impairs the mitochondrial and microsomal calcium
      homeostasis: correlation with hepatotoxicity.
AB  - The effects of erythromycin estolate, a well known hepatotoxic macrolide
      antibiotic, on isolated rat hepatocyte viability and on subcellular Ca2+
      transport have been investigated. Erythromycin estolate (0.5 mM), but not
      erythromycin base and erythromycin ethylsuccinate, induced 100% cell death after
      60 min incubation, and caused maximal inhibition of mitochondrial and microsomal
      Ca2+ sequestration activities at 0.1 mM concentration. Sodium lauryl sulphate,
      which is the surfactant moiety of the erythromycin estolate molecule, caused
      effects similar to those exhibited by erythromycin estolate. Disorders of the
      intracellular calcium homeostasis seem to play a role in the lauryl sulphate
      mediated hepatotoxic action of erythromycin estolate.

PMID- 6595997
TI  - Distribution and metabolism of 2-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol in the everted rat gut
      preparation.
AB  - The distribution of BHA and its conversion to di-BHA in the everted rat gut
      preparation was monitored by GC/MS analysis of both compounds in the mucosal and
      serosal side solutions and in the ileum wall. Following 1 h incubation at 27
      degrees C, BHA concentration in the mucosal side solution was found to decay from
      an initial value of 0.1 mM down to 0.033 mM, while in the ileum it reached a 0.35
      mM concentration. The amount of di-BHA found at this time in the ileum wall
      accounted for the transformation of 5% of the amount of BHA present in this
      compartment.

PMID- 6595998
TI  - Molecular mechanisms of the gastric toxicity of antirheumatic drugs.
AB  - Gastric toxicity of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs has been suggested to be
      due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Proquazone, which is less
      ulcerogenic than indomethacin, however, is a more potent inhibitor of gastric
      mucosal prostaglandin synthesis than indomethacin in vitro and equally effective
      in vivo. These results indicate that additional factors such as pharmacokinetic
      properties contribute to the gastric toxicity of non-steroidal antiinflammatory
      drugs. Furthermore, lipoxygenase products of arachidonic acid metabolism might
      modulate the effects of inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by non-steroidal
      antiinflammatory drugs. Using a radioimmunoassay for leukotriene C4 the capacity
      of ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pig gastric mucosa to release leukotriene C4-like
      immunoreactivity after antigenic challenge has been demonstrated.

PMID- 6596000
TI  - Influence of disease on drug toxicity.
AB  - Disease can influence the actions of a drug, both therapeutic and undesired, in
      many ways. These include changes in the rate and extent of its absorption from
      the gastrointestinal tract and other sites, its disposition throughout body
      compartments, its hepatic uptake and metabolism, and its clearance from the body
      by one of more routes of elimination. In addition to these pharmacokinetic
      changes, disease may modify the pharmacological action of a drug, for example by
      influencing receptor number and responsiveness. However, the mechanisms
      underlying some adverse drug effects related to certain inherited and acquired
      diseases remain unexplained.

PMID- 6595999
TI  - Mechanisms of the nephrotoxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
AB  - Renal cortical prostaglandin synthesis, particularly by arterioles and glomeruli,
      is important to preserve renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate
      (GFR). Glomeruli and arterioles synthesize not only the vasodilatory
      prostaglandins PGE2 and PGI2, but also the vasoconstrictor, thromboxane A2. The
      primary renal cortical actions of these prostaglandins are renal vasodilatation
      and maintenance of GFR (PGE2 and PGI2) or renal vasoconstriction and reduction of
      GFR (thromboxane A2). Vasodilatory renal prostaglandins are relatively
      unimportant under normal circumstances but play a modulatory role after ischemia
      or in the presence of increased concentrations of vasoconstrictor substances such
      as angiotensin II (ANG II), vasopressin or norepinephrine. ANG II and vasopressin
      stimulate the synthesis of PGE2 in rat glomerular epithelial and mesangial cells
      maintained in cell culture. These stimulatory actions of constrictor peptides are
      dependent upon calcium entry into the cells since removal of extracellular
      calcium or co-incubation with verapamil or nifedipine block the prostaglandin
      stimulatory capacity of ANG II or vasopressin. In vivo indomethacin potentiates
      the actions of ANG II on the kidney, particularly the reduction of RBF and GFR.
      Isolated rat glomeruli contract in response to ANG II and this contractile
      effect, which reflects reduction in glomerular filtration surface area, can be
      potentiated by cyclooxygenase blockade. Conversely, arachidonic acid reduces the
      glomerular contractile effect of ANG II. The importance of renal prostaglandins
      in support of RBF and GFR has been studied in dogs after chronic bile duct
      ligation (CBDL). CBDL dogs have significant increase in renal PGE2 and PGI2 which
      maintain RBF and GFR since cyclo-oxygenase inhibition resulted in a 50% decrease
      in both RBF and GFR. Indomethacin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and sulindac sulfide had
      comparable effects. The pro-drug, sulindac sulfoxide, was tested in normal
      volunteers and found to spare renal prostaglandin synthesis whereas indomethacin
      reduced renal synthesis of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha by more than 50%. In vitro,
      sulindac sulfide is a potent inhibitor of renal prostaglandin synthesis by kidney
      cells in culture. It is, therefore, concluded that renal prostaglandins play an
      important vasoregulatory role. Furthermore, sulindac sulfoxide may spare renal
      cyclo-oxygenase and thereby preserve renal function.

PMID- 6596001
TI  - Central and peripheral haemodynamic effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
      drugs in man.
AB  - The haemodynamic effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAI) drugs can be
      attributed either to their common property of inhibiting the formation of
      prostaglandins (PG) in the cardiovascular system, or to direct actions on the
      tone and sensitivity of the resistance vessels in various regions. Indomethacin
      (IND) is the most frequently studied NSAI drug, in animals and in man. Its
      cardiovascular effects differ somewhat from those of other NSAI, due to the fact
      that, besides inhibiting PG formation, IND acts as a direct vasoconstrictor. The
      stimulatory effect of IND in vascular smooth muscle results in an increased
      systemic vascular resistance which, although partially compensated by a decreased
      cardiac output, gives rise to a moderate increase in systemic blood pressure. The
      vasoconstrictor effect of IND is of particular interest in patients with ischemic
      heart disease, since it lowers their already decreased coronary flow, and may
      thereby accentuate the risk of myocardial infarction. Administration of IND also
      leads to a decreased blood flow in the splanchnic region, the kidneys, and the
      brain. The cerebral blood flow is lowered by 25-35%; in addition, IND almost
      entirely erases the hyperemic flow response to hypercapnia. Of other NSAI drugs,
      at least aspirin and naproxen are completely devoid of such actions on the
      cerebral circulation. A common vascular effect of all NSAI drugs is a diminution
      of reactive hyperemia, the local hyperemia that develops in a tissue subjected to
      a short period of arterial occlusion. Part of this hyperemic response is
      dependent on an intact vascular PG formation and consequently it is inhibited
      when PG formation is blocked. In contrast, NSAI drugs do not affect the
      functional increase in the blood flow in working skeletal muscle.

PMID- 6596002
TI  - Species differences in the acute toxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
      compounds.
AB  - The acute oral LD50 of 9 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compounds were
      determined 24 hours and 14 days after administration in laboratory animals. The
      chinese hamsters exhibited greater median LD50s than the other species.

PMID- 6596003
TI  - Renal handling of cadmium: a study by tubular microinjections.
AB  - 109Cadmium was microinjected, in different chemical forms, into the proximal or
      distal cortical tubules of adult rats and recovery in the pelvic urine from the
      ipsilateral kidney was measured. There was marked uptake of inorganic cadmium
      along the proximal tubules, and only negligible uptake in the distal nephron. The
      fractional uptake of the complex cadmium-cysteine in the proximal tubule was
      inversely related to the cysteine concentration. The chelate cadmium-pentetic
      acid was completely recovered in the pelvic urine.

PMID- 6596004
TI  - Cadmium alters arterial baroreflex control of heart rate in the conscious rat.
AB  - In conscious rats, a single oral dose of cadmium (Cd) chloride (up to 150 mg/kg)
      does not alter mean arterial pressure, heart rate and pressor response to
      phenylephrine 3, 7, and 14 days after loading. However, 150 mg/kg of Cd reduce
      reflex bradycardia and increase centrally mediated vagal decrease in heart rate.
      Therefore, it is suggested that Cd could modify baroreflex control of heart rate
      through an impairment of the afferent component of the reflex.

PMID- 6596005
TI  - Inhibition of aortic vessel adenosine diphosphate degradation by cadmium and
      mercury.
AB  - The effects of cadmium and mercury on ADP breakdown by vessel walls were
      investigated. These metals reduce the ADP clearance promoted by arterial tissue.
      This effect could be attributed to the inhibition of vessel wall ADP-ase enzyme,
      which plays an important role in the genesis of thrombotic phenomena.

PMID- 6596006
TI  - Cardiovascular homeostasis in rats chronically exposed to mercuric chloride.
AB  - Two groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats received from weaning 50 micrograms/ml of
      mercury as mercuric chloride (HgCl2) in drinking water for 320 and 350 days. Hg
      exposure increased cardiac inotropism, without chronotropic changes, in both
      groups, and induced arterial hypertension in the rats exposed for 350 days. In
      the exposed rats, cardiovascular responses to the stimulation of peripheral alpha
      and beta adrenoceptors were decreased and increased, respectively, possibly
      through a reduced intracellular availability of calcium ions for contractile
      mechanisms. Hg exposure did not affect either vagal or sympathetic activity or
      cardiovascular reactivity to several physiological agonists. On the other hand,
      Hg exposure induced baroreflex hyposensitivity and produced a drastic alteration
      of the levels of copper and zinc in brain and kidney.

PMID- 6596007
TI  - Drug toxicity and hormonal dysfunction.
AB  - Abnormal levels of hormones can exert profound changes in drug disposition and
      the number and affinity of receptors. In endocrine diseases a variety of organ
      functions change. These disease related changes in the function of organs
      involved with the distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs can profoundly
      alter drug disposition. If not taken into account when devising dosage regimens
      drug toxicity can result.

PMID- 6596008
TI  - Changes in endogenous monoamine levels of rat brain induced by tetraethyl lead.
AB  - Tetraethyl lead (TEL) was given to adult rats at single doses of 30, 90, or 180
      mumol/kg in soya bean oil by gavage. 24 h later the concentrations of three
      monoamines were measured in the hypothalamus, occipital cortex and corpus
      striatum. Cortical noradrenaline (NA) decreased by 17-31% with increasing TEL
      dose and hypothalamic NA by 32% at the highest TEL dose. After administration of
      the cumulative total doses of 3, 10, or 30 mumol/kg TEL over 3 weeks, the corpus
      striatum was most severely affected: levels of NA and dopamine (DA) decreased by
      12-22% while that of 5-HT increased by 11% at the highest TEL dose. The changes
      of 5-HT levels were opposite to those of catecholamines in other brain regions as
      well suggesting a reciprocal interaction between serotonergic and
      catecholaminergic neurones.

PMID- 6596009
TI  - Immediate effects of m-xylene on the human central nervous system.
AB  - Male volunteers were exposed to m-xylene vapour for 4 h a day either sedentary or
      with a period of 10 min exercise twice a day with stable (8.2 mumol/l) m-xylene
      concentrations or fluctuating concentrations with peaks (16.4 mumol/l). The TWA
      concentration was always the same (8.2 mumol/l). The body balance of the subjects
      was clearly impaired in the anteroposterior (a-p) direction, especially with
      their eyes closed during the peaks at rest, whereas it was improved when exercise
      was included in spite of the higher blood m-xylene concentrations. When on the
      contrary, the situation was reversed in the lateral direction. Complex audiomotor
      reactions were impaired after the peaks combined with exercise, whereas changes
      in simple reaction times were similar in pattern to those found for body balance
      in the a-p direction. The results suggest a complex interaction between
      physiological factors and m-xylene and development of adaptation or tolerance
      during the exposure.

PMID- 6596010
TI  - Behavioural and electrocortical spectrum power changes after intraventricular
      injection of patulin in rats.
AB  - The effects of patulin when given into the third cerebral ventricle of rats, on
      behaviour and electrocortical spectrum power have been investigated. Patulin (10
      micrograms i.v.t.) produced behavioural sedation, hypoalgesia, tail rigidity,
      piloerection and postural changes. This symptomatology lasted approx. 3 h and was
      accompanied by slower frequency and larger amplitude potentials in the
      electrocorticogram (ECoG) and by an increase in total voltage power. A larger
      dose (50 micrograms) produced a more dramatic picture characterized by catatonic
      posture with kyphosis, loss of the righting reflex, tail rigidity and on a few
      occasions short-duration episodes of tonic-clonic convulsions. Such a
      symptomatology was accompanied by a flattening of ECoG activity with a
      significant fall in total voltage power, as well as in preselected bands (0-3, 3
      6, 6-9, 9-12, and 12-16 Hz). A lower dose (1 microgram) of patulin, on the other
      hand, produced behavioural sedation without significant changes in ECoG spectrum
      power.

PMID- 6596011
TI  - Short-term studies with the cryptating agent hexaoxa-diaza-bicyclo-hexacosane in
      rats.
AB  - In short-term experiments rats received single doses of 50, 100, and 500
      mumoles/kg of the cryptating agent A 222. A dose-related increase in the
      activities of GOT and GPT in the serum was observed 6 h after treatment, reaching
      values up to eleven and three times that of the controls, respectively. However,
      the enzyme activities returned to the control levels within 3 days. The activity
      of alkaline phosphatase and the levels of protein and cholesterol in serum were
      not altered during the observation period of 7 days. Histopathological
      examinations did not show any changes in the liver, kidney, heart, lung, thymus,
      spleen, or intestine. The elevations of GOT and GPT seem to be due to a transient
      liver lesion, since no histopathological alterations of the liver became
      apparent. These results show, that after single applications of A 222 at all
      doses used, no severe lesions occur in the observed organs.

PMID- 6596012
TI  - The influence of soil particle adsorption on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
      biological uptake in the rabbit.
AB  - A comparative study on the biological uptake in the rabbit of 2,3,7,8
      tetrachloridibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in different formulations, including accident
      contaminated Seveso soil, was attempted. On the whole, these results indicated
      that soil-borne TCDD had a bioavailability lower than that of free (solvent
      borne) TCDD.

PMID- 6596013
TI  - Intestinal absorption and excretion of thallium (201Tl) in the rat.
AB  - The gastrointestinal transport of 201Tl-labelled monovalent thallium has been
      studied in normal and rats with cannulated bile ducts using an in vivo ligated
      loop technique. A marked difference in the Tl absorptive capacity among the
      various sections of the gut was observed. 201Tl was taken up more quickly from
      the colon than from any other segment and the uptake from the ileum and jejunum
      was higher than from the stomach. In addition, considerable amounts of the
      intravenously administered thallium were excreted into the intestinal lumen. The
      biliary excretion was very low compared with the direct transfer of 201Tl across
      the gastrointestinal wall that occurred against a tissue-to-plasma concentration
      gradient. In the rat, the large intestine seems to be the major area for the
      enteral reabsorption and recycling of thallium (I) ions.

PMID- 6596014
TI  - A 2'guanidyl derivative of gentamicin (S86451) with reduced nephrotoxicity
      studies at low and medium dose levels in the rat.
AB  - The nephrotoxic potential of S86451 (2'guanidyl, 2'deamino gentamicin C1) has
      been investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats at 10 and 25 mg/kg, in comparison with
      gentamicin at 4 and 10 mg/kg. The criteria were (i) the severity of the lysosomal
      phospholipidosis, as assessed by both biochemical and morphological
      investigations; (ii) the degree of tubular regeneration, a consequence of the
      aminoglycoside-induced focal necrosis measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation into
      kidney cortex DNA. S86451 was found at least 2-5 times less toxic than
      gentamicin. Thus, this compound should be a safer antibiotic than gentamicin in
      combating organisms with a similar sensitivity to either drug.

PMID- 6596015
TI  - Tubular regeneration in rat kidney cortex during treatment with gentamicin at a
      low dose.
AB  - Tissue injury induced in rat kidney cortex by gentamicin at a low dose (10 mg/kg)
      has been studied by measuring subsequent regeneration after treatment for 4, 7,
      and 14 days. Cell proliferation was demonstrated by the incorporation of [3H]
      thymidine into kidney cortex DNA. In treated animals, the specific radioactivity
      of DNA increased up to 4.6 times the mean value found in the controls.
      Autoradiography showed labelling of nuclei in proximal tubular cells. Electron
      microscopy showed that a subpopulation of tubular cells, devoid of myeloid
      bodies, which are characteristic of gentamicin intoxication, is also poorer in
      peroxisomes, and therefore may belong to less differentiated, regenerating cells.
      It is concluded that a low dose of gentamicin induces measurable tissue
      regeneration.

PMID- 6596016
TI  - The influence of dose schedules and administration routes on the toxicity of
      potential antiviral drugs.
AB  - The influence of two differently constructed dose schedules and of two dissimilar
      administration routes on the subacute toxicity of the potential antiviral drug
      benzoxazolyl-2-formyl-S-ethyl-isothiosemicarbazone was investigated in mice.
      Administration of identical aliquots of the, route dependent, maximally
      tolerated, dose was found to cause no significant differences in weight gain in
      any of the schedules used, but marked changes in lethality after oral or
      subcutaneous administration could be demonstrated.

PMID- 6596017
TI  - Intramuscular injections and muscle damage: effects of concentration, volume,
      injection speed and vehicle.
AB  - An intramuscular injection was given to rabbits with the needle inserted in the
      longissimus dorsi muscle. The muscle tissue at the injection site was examined
      post-mortem 3 days after the injection and areas of necrotic muscle tissue were
      dissected for weighing. With a fixed dose of the neuroleptic drug cis(Z)
      clopenthixol it was shown that a small volume of a concentrated solution caused
      less muscle damage than a larger volume of a relatively less concentrated
      solution. Injection speed, on the other hand, was not an important factor.
      Aqueous solutions of neuroleptic drugs caused local muscle damage which was
      diminished or prevented by oily vehicles.

PMID- 6596018
TI  - Alterations of drug toxicity in neuropsychiatric disease states.
AB  - Potentially adverse alterations in drug response in patients with
      neuropsychiatric disease can be divided into two categories: those arising from
      the pathological state itself (e.g., enhanced responsiveness to phenylephrine in
      patients with chronic autonomic failure) and those arising from interactions with
      the pharmacological treatment used for such disease (e.g., reversal of the
      antihypertensive action of guanethidine by imipramine). Sound knowledge of the
      pharmacological profile of individual compounds and of the pathophysiology of the
      disease is essential if drug therapy is to be used safely and effectively in
      these patients.

PMID- 6596019
TI  - The toxic effects of clofibrate and its metabolite on mammalian skeletal muscle:
      an electrophysiological study.
AB  - Membrane electrical parameters of rat extensor digitorum longus muscles were
      analysed in vitro, with intracellular microelectrodes, after chronic treatment
      with clofibrate or after in vitro application of chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid,
      the in vivo metabolite of clofibrate. Clofibrate caused only a 38% decrease in
      the membrane chloride conductance while its metabolite induced a large decrease
      of chloride conductance and drastic changes in the excitability characteristics
      of the muscles sampled. The capability of clofibrate to induce two types of
      myotonia is discussed.

PMID- 6596020
TI  - A comparative retrospective analysis of data from short- and long-term animal
      toxicity studies on 40 pharmaceutical compounds.
AB  - A comparative retrospective survey of data from chronic toxicity studies has been
      carried out on 40 pharmaceutical compounds based on comprehensive information
      from 19 pharmaceutical companies. The results showed that no new salient
      toxicological effects were observed in tests of more than 6 months duration
      excluding carcinogenicity studies. Since no additional information was identified
      by dosing animals continuously for 12-18 months, the value of prolonging chronic
      toxicity studies in animals beyond 6 months should be carefully reassessed.

PMID- 6596021
TI  - An epidemic of a "new" haemorrhagic disease in infants attributable to talcum
      powder contaminated with warfarin in Ho-Chi-Minh Ville (Vietnam).
AB  - In August 1981, pediatric hospitals in Ho-Chi-Minh Ville (Saigon) began to report
      numerous cases of a haemorrhagic syndrome in infants. A collaborative study with
      a French epidemilogist began on September 24, 1981, with the aim of finding the
      cause of this "new" haemorrhagic disease. After having excluded the hypothesis of
      a viral or bacterial infection, a retrospective study, using questionnaires with
      83 items, concerning products of hygiene and nutrition and living conditions, was
      undertaken. This epidemiological investigation showed this phenomenon was caused
      by an anticoagulant contained in talcum powder. Analysis of the talcum powders
      found warfarin; the concentrations ranged between 1.7% and 6.5%. This dramatic
      episode (741 cases with 177 deaths) ended when the contaminated talc was
      withdrawn from circulation. The hypothesis of accidental contamination or use of
      warfarin in lieu of a perfuming agent must be rejected. Accidental addition of a
      rat-killer seems highly improbable and the possibility of intentional and
      malevolent adulteration is now under study. An experimental study of hemostasis
      in two baboons was carried out, using dermal application of the contaminated talc
      powder. The intoxicated animal died on the 5th day with severe vitamin K
      deficiency. This accident together with the animal study, shows the
      transcutaneous uptake of the anticoagulant, which could be of considerable
      importance in toxicology and in pharmacokinetics.

PMID- 6596022
TI  - Long-lasting hypothermic effects of vincristine in rats.
AB  - The effects of vincristine given intravenously on deep and superficial body
      temperature were assessed in rats kept at ambient temperature within the
      thermoneutral range. Vincristine (0.5 and 1 mg/kg i.v.) produced a gradual but
      marked hypothermic response which was dose-dependent, reached its maximum after
      approximately 3 h and lasting approximately 48 h. Vincristine induced a decrease
      in deep body temperature which was accompanied by piloerection and a decrease in
      skin temperature. Pretreatment with phentolamine, an alpha-adrenoceptor blocking
      agent (0.5 mg/kg i.v. 15 min before) prevented the hypothermic effects induced by
      subsequent administration of vincristine (0.5 mg/kg i.v.). These experiments
      showed that vincristine produced a marked hypothermic response in rats. However,
      the precise site of action remains to be established.

PMID- 6596023
TI  - Behavioural changes in rats after prenatal administration of typical and atypical
      antidepressants.
AB  - Prenatal administration of typical (desipramine, DMI) and atypical (viloxazine,
      VX and mianserin, MS) antidepressants, at dose levels which do not influence
      reproductive success or neonatal mortality, produces subtle behavioural changes
      in offspring of treated rats. Physical signs, such as pinna detachment (unfolding
      of external ear) and eye opening, were not modified by prenatal exposure to any
      of the antidepressants tested. However, at 23 days of age, DMI, MS and VX (only
      in males) pretreated rats showed higher levels of locomotor activity with respect
      to the control group. At 60 days of age, locomotor activity levels in DMI-exposed
      animals were still higher than in the saline-pretreated rats.

PMID- 6596024
TI  - Possible adverse effects on the cardiovascular system of an antiarrhythmic drug
      mexiletine.
AB  - Mexiletine (MXT) is a drug endowed with a marked antiarrhythmic activity which
      may be included in 1B class of drugs employed in the therapy of arrhythmias. In
      experimental cardiovascular research, MXT at very high doses induces a decrease
      in the arterial blood pressure and cardiac performance of dogs. MXT reduces the
      carotid baroreceptor responses, the fall in blood pressure following pharadic
      stimulation of the peripheral trunk of the vagus nerve and it also inhibits
      catecholamine uptake. All these effects may be related to the local anaesthetic
      activity which MXT possesses and which need careful consideration in the clinical
      use of the drug.

PMID- 6596026
TI  - Alterations of drug toxicity in cardiovascular disease.
AB  - The past ten years have seen a rapid expansion in the field of cardiovascular
      pharmacology. New indications for old agents have appeared and new powerful drugs
      have been introduced, including entirely new classes of compounds. The
      availability of so many agents has considerably expanded the risk of life
      threatening adverse reactions due to overdosage or to inappropriate drug
      associations. The liability to encounter severe side effects is often enhanced in
      patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases, which may change the usual drug
      action either by inducing modifications of the drug pharmacolinetic or by
      altering the receptor sensitivity. In most cases these kind of reactions are
      predictable on the ground of the knowledge of both the drug mechanism of action
      and the functional alterations induced by the disease. However entirely
      unexpected adverse reactions may also occur in cases in which unrecognized
      alterations exist, whose pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated. Recent
      demonstrations that some physiopathological influences, as well as prolonged drug
      treatment, can modulate the number of adrenergic receptors in the cardiovascular
      system has offered a clue to a better understanding of at least some episodes of
      altered responsiveness to cardiovascular drugs, previously considered of unknown
      origin. The possibility of obtaining some indications of the adrenoceptor status
      in man, by the assessment of the receptor density in circulating blood cells,
      seems to represent a promising diagnostic approach to the problem of disease
      induced adrenergic regulation and its possible consequences in terms of altered
      drug responsiveness.

PMID- 6596025
TI  - A single step method for the separation of rat liver cytosolic glutathione S
      transferase isozymes.
AB  - A simple, single step chromatographic method was developed to separate the liver
      cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GSH-S-t) isozymes from each other and from
      the bulk of the cytosolic protein. Five peaks of GSH-S-t activity, tested with 1
      chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as a substrate, were eluted. By comparison of
      the activities with CDNB and the other substrate 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene (DCNB)
      the five peaks could be identified as GSH-S-t isozymes C, B, A, and AA, being GSH
      S-t isozyme C eluted in two different peaks. The method was used to detect a
      decrease of specific GSH-S-t isozymes in the cytosol of rats intoxicated with
      carbon tetrachloride, as compared with control rats.

PMID- 6596027
TI  - The diseased lung and drugs.
AB  - Among the numerous ways by which drug-lung relationships can be discussed we
      chose to examine three questions: Is the lung capable of directly modulating drug
      pharmacokinetics? Knowing that the pulmonary circulation can exert very selective
      and efficient clearance and catabolism of biogenic molecules such as serotonin (5
      HT), norepinephrine (N.E.), prostaglandins PGE2 and PGF2 alpha, and bradykinin,
      as well as activation of angiotensin (A)I to AII, a similar behavior has been
      sought for drugs. Uptake of circulating drugs occurs clearance of biogenic
      amines, the significance of which remains to be fully evaluated, and iatrogenic
      phospholipidosis localization of which in the lung might result from the elevated
      drug concentration in the tissue. Lung cells contain enzymes, among them mixed
      function oxidases (MFO), which enables them to metabolize xenobiotics even in the
      intact organ. Although blood supply to the lung is higher than that to the liver,
      the comparatively low MFO content of the former organ predicts only a marginal
      pulmonary metabolic contribution in vivo. On the otherhand, enzymatic activity
      upon drugs can generate instable reactive metabolites which, even in minute
      amounts are toxic and can damage cells; furthermore, it is hypothesized that the
      relatively high bronchiolar Clara cell MFO content explains the striking
      susceptibility of the long to xenobiotics. Do lung diseases indirectly influence
      drug pharmacokinetics? Hindrance to blood flow is common in respiratory failure
      (R.F.), from both reduced area and hypoxic vasoconstriction, resulting in altered
      flow distribution to the liver and kidney.

PMID- 6596028
TI  - A comparative study of acute toxicity of drugs used during anticancer therapy in
      healthy and tumor-bearing mice.
AB  - A comparative study was performed, in healthy and Ehrlich ascites bearing mice,
      to ascertain if the acute toxicity of drugs can change in disease conditions.
      Adriamycin, cis-platinum, cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, vinblastine, morphine
      and cefoxitin were administered intravenously; prochlorperazine and
      acetylsalicylic acid were given orally, and dexamethasone and lonidamine were
      given by both routes. With the exception of morphine, the LD50's significantly
      decreased in tumor bearing animals. The highest potency ratios (about 4-6) were
      observed with prochlorperazine and cyclophosphamide and the lowest (1.3-1.4) with
      lonidamine given intravenously, adriamycin and acetylsalicylic acid. These
      results confirm that the toxic response may be strongly influenced by
      pathological states.

PMID- 6596030
TI  - Tolerance to pituitary-adrenal axis activation by anticancer drugs in normal and
      tumour-bearing rats.
AB  - Cisplatinum given intravenously (i.v.), hydroxyurea given orally (os),
      procarbazine (os) and L-asparaginase (i.v.), on a decreasing scale, produce
      significant (p less than 0.01) adrenocortical activation over 4-h period at a
      single dose per kg 10 times higher than those employed in human therapy. Only
      hydroxyurea retained this activity after a 5-day treatment both in normal and
      Walker carcinosarcoma-bearing rats. Adrenocortical activation depends on the
      presence of pituitary ACTH both after single or repeated treatments.

PMID- 6596029
TI  - Antitumour drug toxicity in pituitary or adrenal-ablated rats.
AB  - Hypophysectomy or adrenalectomy increase the toxicity of the antitumour drug
      hydroxyurea (HYD) given by the oral route at daily doses/kg over 5 days, 10 times
      higher (10 Htd) than that employed in daily schedules for humans (100% and 85%
      lethality against 0% in intact controls). No differences were found between
      intact or hypophysectomized rats in their ability to tolerate a 5-day treatment
      with 1 Htd HYD given orally, 1-10 Htd of procarbazine (i.v.) and cisplatinum
      (i.v.) at a dose per kg/day equivalent to that recommended for protocols
      providing daily drug schedules in humans. L-asparaginase (10 Htd) induce 45%
      lethality in adrenalectomized animals. All the above drugs in intact rats induce
      significant (p less than 0.01) adrenocortical activation after single, and in the
      case of hydroxyurea after 5-days, treatment at the above dosages. Replacement
      therapy with corticosterone may reduce HYD toxicity in adrenalectomized (20%
      lethality) but less so (90% lethality) in hypophysectomized rats.

PMID- 6596031
TI  - Short and long-latency responses in human masseter muscle evoked by chin taps.
AB  - Ten healthy subjects received downward, backward and upward chin taps with
      standardized force and direction. Taps in all three directions elicited short
      (M1) and long (M2 and M3)-latency excitatory EMG responses in the masseter
      muscle. M1 (mean latency 8.9 ms, amplitude 150 microV) occurred more frequently
      and with shorter latency during clenching than during relaxation or opening.
      Downward taps were more efficient in evoking jaw-jerks (25 per cent) than upward
      (14 per cent) and backward ones (16 per cent). M2 was a weak biphasic deflection
      occurring during the silent period (mean latency 42 ms, amplitude 87 microV) and
      M3 was an EMG burst following the silent period (mean latency 69.3 ms, amplitude
      169 microV). No long-latency evoked responses were obtained from the relaxed
      masseter. Thus, muscle stretch increases M1 response frequency but is not a
      necessary prerequisite. The hypothesis that vibratory transmission plays an
      important role was confirmed. Voluntary activation of the stimulated muscle
      (clenching) increases M1-response frequency and shortens response latency.

PMID- 6596032
TI  - Partial chemical characterization and biological activities of sulphated
      glycoproteins isolated from in-vivo pilocarpine-stimulated secretions of rat
      minor salivary glands.
AB  - Following the incorporation of [35S]-sulphate into rats, 35S-labelled sulphated
      glycoproteins were isolated from the minor salivary gland secretions of
      pilocarpine-stimulated, immobilized animals. The secretory products were
      initially resolved on Sepharose 4B into two major radioactive fractions, one of
      which appeared at the void volume and represented only 7 per cent by weight of
      the applied fraction. The bulk of the products were of lower molecular weight and
      were further resolved by DEAE-Sephacel anion-exchange chromatography. Four
      distinct radioactive fractions were obtained all of which possessed blood-group A
      reactivity and aggregated Streptococcus sanguis NCTC 7864 but not Streptococcus
      mutans OMZ61. The radioactive fractions possessed protein/carbohydrate ratios in
      the range 1.6:1-5.8:1. Ester-sulphate contents ranged from 2.5 to 5.3 per cent
      with a higher value of 14.0 per cent being obtained for the most anionic
      fraction. Sialic acid was in the range 5.1 to 21.6 per cent. None of the
      fractions tested contained sulphated glycosaminoglycans.

PMID- 6596033
TI  - Correlation between surface electromyograms and the susceptibility to fatigue of
      the human masseter muscle.
AB  - Seventeen healthy male subjects were asked to clench as long as possible in the
      intercuspal position while keeping the electromyographic activity (EMG) of the
      masseter muscle at 50 per cent of the maximum activity. The endurance time was
      used as an indicator for the muscular resistance to fatigue. At the 95 per cent
      probability level, there was a statistically-significant correlation between the
      endurance time and the root mean square value (RMS) of the EMG signal, the mean
      power frequency value (MPF) of the signal and the parameter MPF 100 per
      cent/MPF10 per cent used as an indicator for the contraction-level dependency of
      the mean power frequency. There was a strong correlation (p less than 0.001)
      between the endurance time and the rate of EMG frequency shift to lower
      frequencies measured during the first 30 s.

PMID- 6596034
TI  - The effect of caries-preventive measures in mothers on dental caries and the oral
      presence of the bacteria Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli in their children.
AB  - Seventy-seven first-time mothers were selected on the basis of high salivary
      counts of Strep. mutans [greater than 10(6) c.f.u. (colony forming units) per ml
      saliva]; 40 mothers were in the control group and 37 in the test group. Their
      infants were 3-8 months of age at the start of the study. A prophylactic
      programme for the test mothers, aiming at a reduction of Strep. mutans, was
      repeated at intervals of 2-4 months as and when necessary until their children
      were 3 years old. The test mothers as a group showed approx. 10-fold fewer Strep.
      mutans during the test period. At the age of 3 years, 70 per cent of the children
      in the control group carried Strep. mutans, compared with 41 per cent in the test
      group (p less than 0.01). Fifty-two per cent of the children who carried Strep.
      mutans had caries at this age, compared to 3 per cent of the children without
      this organism. The time when Strep. mutans was first detected in the children
      seemed to influence subsequent development of caries because 77 per cent of the
      children who carried Strep. mutans at the age of 15 months had caries at the age
      of 3 years. Approximately 40 per cent of the children in both the control and the
      test group had detectable lactobacilli in their saliva at 3 years. In general,
      the children in the control group had more lactobacilli.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      250 WORDS)

PMID- 6596035
TI  - Composition and metabolism of the extracellular matrix in the periodontal
      ligament of impeded and unimpeded rat incisors.
AB  - Potential differences were studied in the composition and metabolism of the
      connective tissue components (collagen, non-collagenous proteins and
      glycosaminoglycans) of the periodontal ligament (PDL) as a result of alterations
      in the rate of eruption. The amount of collagen, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) or the
      water content of the tissue was the same in the unimpeded and impeded situation.
      The only difference was in the amount of structural non-collagenous proteins: 33
      per cent increase in the unimpeded PDL. The rate of turnover of insoluble
      collagen, structural non-collagenous proteins and the sulphated GAG, studied in
      vivo by administration of [3H]-proline or [35S]-sulphate, did not differ
      significantly in both situations: their extremely short half-lives were
      respectively 9.7, 3.5 and 1.7 days. Increase in the rate of eruption and hence in
      the remodelling process does not result in alterations in the metabolic activity
      of the PDL components. Their metabolism is probably already at maximal rate and
      may permit the more rapid rate of eruption when the opposing force of the
      antagonists is diminished during the non-occlusional state of the incisors.

PMID- 6596036
TI  - Distribution of particle sizes in food comminuted by human mastication.
AB  - The masticatory performance of an individual may be quantified by describing the
      size distribution of particles of a comminuted test food as a function of the
      number of chewing strokes. A standardized sieving method and a standardized
      artificial test food (Optosil) were used to obtain reproducible results. Some
      measurements were performed using peanuts. The distribution of particle sizes of
      the comminuted food was adequately described by a Rosin-Rammler distribution
      function for the seven participating individuals which characterizes the size
      distribution by the median particle size (x50) and the broadness of the
      distribution (b). The broadness variable b hardly depends on the number of
      chewing strokes, and the differences in b between the individuals are small.
      Considerable differences in the median particle sizes at a given number of
      chewing strokes were observed between the subjects, reflecting differences in
      efficiency of comminution of a test food. For all subjects, the median particle
      size decreased as a function of the number of chewing strokes N according to the
      relation, x50 = c X N-d. Variables c and d characterized the efficiency of
      comminution by the subjects.

PMID- 6596037
TI  - Effect of prolonged iron deficiency on enamel pigmentation and tooth structure in
      rat incisors.
AB  - The effect of iron deficiency maintained for over 6 months on the pigmentation
      and structure of incisors was investigated in female white rats. Gross loss of
      pigmentation was observed. Sections revealed enamel hypoplasia and aplasia.
      Dentinogenesis was much less affected, but there were areas of altered dentine
      with abnormal tubules and increased thickness of predentine with cellular and
      vascular inclusions.

PMID- 6596038
TI  - Organ culture study of effect of vitamin-A-deficiency on rat third molar
      development.
AB  - A culture procedure for rat third molars suitable for nutritional-developmental
      studies is described. Unerupted third molars from 12-day-old rats were cultured
      in BGJb media containing 20 per cent rat serum and supplemented with 25 mM HEPES
      buffer, 25 mg ascorbic acid, 20 mg L-glutamine, 12 mg penicillin G and 10 mg
      streptomycin sulphate per 100 ml of media. Molars were cultured at the liquid-gas
      interphase using a 50 per cent O2, 45 per cent N2, 5 per cent CO2 gas mixture at
      10 lb-psig (pounds per square inch guage). Molar cultures were maintained
      successfully for 9-14 days without evidence of necrosis, although they developed
      at a slower rate than in vivo. Molars cultured in 50 per cent O2 compared to
      those cultured in 21 per cent O2 for periods of 2, 4, 6 and 8 days had higher
      values for protein, alkaline phosphatase (AP), Ca, P and Ca/P. Vitamin-A
      deficiency gave lower values for AP, Ca, P, Ca/P, 45Ca, 35S and [14C]-proline
      uptake. Histologically, A - molars had atrophic ameloblasts, some foci of
      squamous metaplasia and abnormal keratin formation. Thus, deficiency of vitamin A
      imposed during in-vitro development of rat third molars retarded dentinogenesis
      and interfered with early mineralization of enamel and dentine.

PMID- 6596039
TI  - Chemotaxis and surface glycoproteins of neutrophil granulocytes from patients
      with juvenile periodontitis.
AB  - Neutrophil granulocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood of eight patients
      with juvenile periodontitis and their healthy controls. The cells were
      radioactively surface-labelled by the periodate-sodium boro-[3H]-hydride method
      and their surface glycoproteins studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and
      isoelectric focusing. The chemotaxis and chemokinesis were studied against
      casein. The results indicate that the cells of the patients have normal surface
      glycoprotein structure and do not show defect in chemotaxis.

PMID- 6596040
TI  - The effect of storage in liquid nitrogen on the recovery of human dental plaque
      bacteria.
AB  - Centrifuged deposits of various individual bacteria from type-culture collections
      and dental plaque samples were immersed in liquid nitrogen for periods of up to 2
      years. All the organisms were recovered after storage in liquid nitrogen but
      Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 10953) and Campylobacter fetus (NCTC 10354)
      consistently showed a reduction in the number of colony-forming units after
      freezing. The main effect on bacterial proportions in plaque samples was a
      reduction in aerobic Gram-negative cocci. Thus, storage in liquid nitrogen may be
      useful for comparative studies of dental plaque and as a means of storing
      individual organisms.

PMID- 6596042
TI  - Microbial characteristics of the human dental caries associated with prolonged
      bottle-feeding.
AB  - Plaque samples from caries lesions, white spot margins of these lesions, and
      caries-free smooth enamel surfaces, obtained from seven subjects with nursing
      bottle caries, all contained unusually high proportions of Streptococcus mutans.
      The proportion of lactobacilli present in plaque from caries lesions was
      statistically greater (p less than 0.01) than the proportion present in plaque
      obtained from white spot margins of these lesions or caries-free smooth enamel
      surfaces.

PMID- 6596041
TI  - Secretion of saliva by human lip mucous glands and parotid glands in response to
      gustatory stimuli and chewing.
AB  - To test the suggestion that minor salivary glands, such as the lower lip mucous
      glands, respond to stimulation in a similar manner to major glands such as the
      parotid, an appliance was constructed for each subject using an
      organopolysiloxane dental impression material which held a strip of filter paper
      against the inner aspect of the lower lip. The volume of labial secretion
      produced was determined by weight difference. Saliva from the right parotid duct
      was collected into pre-weighed tubes using a Lashley cannula. Test stimuli,
      applied for 4-min periods in triplicate, were ascorbic acid (0.08 and 0.16 M),
      sodium chloride (0.4 and 0.8 M) and the chewing of pieces of polyurethane foam
      and chicle. In 7 of 13 subjects, the response patterns of labial and parotid
      glands were qualitatively similar. With acid stimulation, the percentage increase
      in flow from the parotid was much greater than from labial glands. A significant
      difference was noted between the mean volumes of unstimulated secretion from the
      lip glands in a group of 8 subjects with restorations in lower anterior teeth and
      in 12 controls.

PMID- 6596043
TI  - International trends in cardiovascular disease--implications for prevention and
      treatment.
AB  - Stroke mortality is declining fast in many countries (this decline being due, in
      part, to treatment), with implications for medical care and for coronary disease
      incidence, but in some European countries rates are rising. Coronary mortality is
      decreasing fast in some countries, probably because of a fall in incidence;
      dietary and other life-style changes are likely to be involved, but lack of
      systematic monitoring inhibits firm conclusions. In other countries with
      comparable medical care the rates have not declined, and in eastern Europe and
      sections of developing populations they are rising fast. Some implications are
      discussed.

PMID- 6596044
TI  - Trends in ischemic heart disease mortality and morbidity in Perth Statistical
      Division.
AB  - Trends in mortality from Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) and other principal causes
      of death, and in hospital admission rates for Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)
      have been studied in residents aged 35-64 years of the Perth Statistical Division
      for the period 1968-1982. Death rates were based on data abstracted from official
      statistics or computer tapes of unit death records. Hospital admission rates were
      derived from the computer tapes of the Western Australian Hospital Inpatient
      Survey, 1968-1982. Since 1968, mortality from IHD has fallen in the Perth
      Statistical Division in both males and females by 30% and 33%, respectively. This
      fall has occurred principally in deaths occurring out-of-hospital and has been
      accompanied by similar falls in mortality from other vascular diseases and in
      total mortality. Hospital admission rates for Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)
      in the Perth Statistical Division have fallen since 1971 by 17% in males and 27%
      in females. These findings taken together suggest that the improvement in IHD
      mortality in Western Australia has been due mainly to a fall in the incidence of
      acute manifestations of IHD (sudden death and AMI), rather than improvements in
      case fatality. The possible underlying mechanisms responsible for this are
      discussed.

PMID- 6596045
TI  - Declining mortality rates from ischemic heart disease in Australia.
AB  - Ischemic heart disease is the major cause of death in Australia. Australian
      attack and mortality rates from this disease are high compared with most other
      countries. Over the last thirty years there have been remarkable changes in heart
      disease death rates which rose from the 1950's until around 1965-7 and then
      declined by about 40% over the period 1965-7 to 1980-81. Although the pattern of
      this decline was similar for most age groups and both sexes it varied among
      subgroups of the population defined by country of birth, geographic region and
      occupation. For example, Australian-born men initially had higher death rates
      than immigrants and they experienced relatively greater declines; Perth and
      Adelaide (with low initial rates) had similar declines to Sydney and Brisbane
      (with high rates); professionals (with the lowest rates) had the greatest decline
      among occupational groups. While the decline in mortality is encouraging the
      cause is still unclear so control programmes must proceed, to some extent, by
      guesswork. If the subpopulations with high mortality can achieve rates comparable
      with subpopulations with low rates further substantial decline in heart disease
      mortality is possible.

PMID- 6596046
TI  - Risk factors in Australians: National Heart Foundation's Risk Factor Prevalence
      Study, 1980.
AB  - The National Heart Foundation's Risk Factor Prevalence Survey in 1980 is
      described. Results for the prevalence of hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia,
      obesity and inactivity from the 1980 survey are presented. A second study was
      conducted in 1983 and a third is planned for 1986 or later. These surveys provide
      unique data on risk factors in Australians, and hold the prospect of determining
      trends which may be relevant to overall mortality trends in cardiovascular
      disease.

PMID- 6596047
TI  - Vegetarian diets, lipids and cardiovascular risk.
AB  - Vegetarian diets produce moderate but appreciable changes in serum lipid levels.
      A six-week intervention study in which other aspects of life-style were kept
      constant showed that levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL
      cholesterol fell 0.22, 0.19 and 0.07 mmol/l, respectively, while triglyceride
      levels increased non-significantly 0.12 mmol/l. The ratio of total cholesterol to
      HDL-cholesterol did not change. A comparison of groups of habitual vegetarians
      and omnivores matched for other aspects of lifestyle showed rather larger
      differences in atherogenic lipid levels: 0.71 and 0.67 mmol/l for total- and LDL
      cholesterol; the difference in HDL-C levels was 0.04 mmol/l; triglyceride was
      0.19 mmol/l greater in vegetarians. 92% of the variation in intakes of major
      nutrients was accounted for by three derived factors; changes in levels of most
      of the lipids were associated in each case with one of the factors. The resultant
      falls in the levels of total- and LDL-cholesterol in people adopting a vegetarian
      diet probably contribute to a reduction in cardiovascular risk.

PMID- 6596049
TI  - Smoking withdrawal programme: baseline indicators of smoking exposure and
      biochemical monitoring of successful outcome.
AB  - Sixty-four subjects who participated in a smoking withdrawal programme were
      analysed with respect to the relative usefulness of biochemical and hematological
      indices of smoking exposure. Plasma thiocyanate was found to be the best
      biochemical correlate of baseline cigarette consumption when compared to salivary
      thiocyanate or expired air carbon monoxide. Both plasma and salivary thiocyanate
      also correlated significantly with depth of inhalation per cigarette but not with
      any other questionnaire index of smoking exposure. After six weeks of successful
      smoking cessation all three indices fell significantly. Plasma thiocyanate proved
      the most sensitive biochemical index for monitoring ultimate outcome, accurately
      dichotomizing 90% of subjects as successful or unsuccessful in their attempts to
      stop smoking. The use of all three variables allowed accurate classification of
      96% of subjects. White cell count, red cell count and hemoglobin also correlated
      significantly with baseline cigarette consumption and a significant decrease in
      these hematological indices occurred consequent to successful smoking cessation.
      However, these hematological changes were not as sensitive as biochemical indices
      in monitoring successful outcome.

PMID- 6596048
TI  - Trends in cigarette consumption in Australia.
AB  - Historical trends are presented showing an increase in total cigarette
      consumption but a fall in the number of adult male smokers. The prevalence of
      smoking among children appears to have increased. The role of tobacco advertising
      and reduced cigarette prices are discussed. The need to prevent children from
      taking up smoking is emphasised, and recent data show that the earlier a child
      begins to smoke, the higher will be the subsequent daily cigarette consumption.

PMID- 6596050
TI  - Multiple risk factor intervention in cardiovascular disease.
AB  - This paper describes multiple risk factor intervention, its rationale and the
      form it takes, referring to recent intervention trials and the issues arising
      from their approaches and outcomes. Some questions relevant to intervention are
      raised and some guesses made as to future directions and opportunities.

PMID- 6596051
TI  - Pre-hospital emergency care: evaluation of an Australian system.
AB  - The efficacy of the Sydney ambulance paramedic service in dealing with out-of
      hospital cardiac and other emergencies was examined. The outcome of 182 cases
      (from a total of 1,799 casualty calls) treated by a paramedic service was
      compared with the outcome of 104 similar cases (from a total of 2,376 calls)
      treated by a general duties service. There were 33 cases of cardiac arrest in the
      general duties group; resuscitation was attempted in 12 and none survived. There
      were 49 cases of cardiac arrest in the paramedic group; resuscitation was
      attempted in 21 cases and 4 survived. There were 35 cases of suspected myocardial
      infarction in the general duties group; 7 died compared with 58 cases and 4
      deaths, in the paramedic group (mortality 20%, cf. 7%; difference not
      significant). The increased cost of a paramedic call, less than half of an entire
      hospital day, appears justified by better results.

PMID- 6596052
TI  - Assessment of the impact of coronary artery surgery on mortality after recovery
      from myocardial infarction.
AB  - Death rates over a nine year period were studied in 1,232 survivors of myocardial
      infarction. From 1973 to 1981, the 29 to 365 day case fatality rate in 28 day
      survivors dropped from 13.3% to 3.2%. This down-trend in case fatality was highly
      significant, averaging 14.3% in each year. After adjustment for changes in age
      and severity of infarction, using a prognostic score derived from the Perth
      Coronary Register (the PCR score), the estimated decline was still 12.2% in each
      year. During the nine years, the rate of coronary surgery in the post-infarction
      year rose from 1.5% to 12.0%. Overall, the surgically treated cases had a lower
      case fatality rate (1.6%) than the medically treated cases (7.7%). However, the
      surgical cases had a better prognosis at the time of infarction than the medical
      cases. When the severity of infarction (PCR score) and year of admission were
      considered, coronary surgery in the post-infarction year had no independent
      effect on outcome.

PMID- 6596053
TI  - The fall in mortality from ischemic heart disease in Australia: has survival
      after myocardial infarction improved?
AB  - Trends in mortality and survival after myocardial infarction (MI) were studied by
      use of computerised death and hospital discharge records for 25 to 64 year old
      residents of the Perth Statistical Division between 1971 and 1979. Highly
      significant falls in ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality rates were found for
      men (18%) and women (29%) but 4, 26 and 52 week survival after hospital admission
      for MI remained constant at around 88%, 84% and 81% respectively. Further, as 75%
      of all IHD deaths between 1971 and 1979 occurred before the victim was admitted
      to hospital, the survival of those receiving treatment would have had to be
      greatly improved to influence total mortality from IHD appreciably. As the age
      and sex composition of persons hospitalised for MI and the proportion of MI
      victims hospitalised did not change during the study period it would seem that
      improved survival after hospital admission for MI did not contribute to the fall
      in IHD deaths between 1971 and 1979.

PMID- 6596054
TI  - Vegetarian diet, blood pressure and cardiovascular risk.
AB  - This paper reviews the association between a vegetarian diet and a number of risk
      factors for cardiovascular disease investigated in a series of epidemiological
      and experimental studies. Ninety-eight Seventh-day Adventist "vegetarians" were
      similar to 113 Mormon omnivores for strength of religious affiliation,
      consumption of alcohol, tea and coffee and use of tobacco, but were significantly
      less obese and had significantly lower blood pressures adjusted for age, height
      and weight. A random sample of forty-seven Adventist vegetarians had
      significantly lower home blood pressures, serum cholesterol levels and blood
      pressure responses to a cold-pressor test than Mormon omnivores carefully matched
      for age, sex and Quetelet's index. In a controlled dietary intervention study
      mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures and serum cholesterol fell
      significantly during feeding with a vegetarian diet--an effect unrelated to
      changes in other lifestyle factors. Dietary analysis indicated that a vegetarian
      diet provided more polyunsaturated fat, fibre, vitamin C, vitamin E, magnesium,
      calcium and potassium and significantly less total fat, saturated fat and
      cholesterol than an omnivore diet. There was no evidence for a difference between
      vegetarians and omnivores in levels of catecholamines, plasma renin activity,
      angiotensin II, cortisol or serum and urinary prostanoids.

PMID- 6596055
TI  - Dietary fats and blood pressure.
AB  - The blood pressure lowering effect of elevating the dietary
      polyunsaturated/saturated (P/S) ratio has been assessed in a randomised,
      controlled trial in normotensive volunteers. Subjects were allocated either to a
      control group who ate a low P/S ratio diet throughout, or to one of two
      experimental groups who ate a high P/S ratio diet for one of two six week
      experimental periods. There were significant changes in estimated dietary P/S
      ratio and measured changes in plasma fatty acids and buccal mucosal cell
      phospholipids. Changes in blood pressure were not related to changes in P/S
      ratio. There were no changes in other factors which may have confounded the
      relationship between blood pressure and P/S ratio change. This study suggests
      that P/S ratio change, without changing other nutrients, does not affect blood
      pressure in normotensive subjects.

PMID- 6596056
TI  - The role of sodium and potassium in the control of blood pressure.
AB  - When sodium intake was increased from 70-200 mmol/day in normotensive volunteers,
      their blood pressure rose by 6/4 mmHg. In most people over 50 years, blood
      pressure rose and it also rose in about 15% of younger people. Those who had a
      rise in blood pressure had a creatinine clearance lower than others when on a
      reduced sodium intake. In the sodium sensitive group creatinine clearance rose
      when sodium intake was increased. In the people with a rise in blood pressure
      there was a fall in plasma volume. Increased sodium intake altered a number of
      factors that control sodium transport across cell membranes. The changes are
      complex but suggest that genetically inherited and environmentally caused defects
      are necessary to allow hypertension to be expressed. Reduction of sodium intake
      reduced blood pressure in people with mild hypertension. Potassium interacted
      with sodium to reduce the rise in blood pressure caused by sodium. Sodium intake
      and blood pressure are linked by many mechanisms. If the intake is excessive for
      that individual or if there are defective control mechanisms, hypertension will
      result.

PMID- 6596057
TI  - Alcohol and hypertension.
AB  - The nature of the association between alcohol consumption and blood pressure has
      been studied in 491 working men in Western Australia. The effect of alcohol on
      systolic blood pressure was seen to be independent of obesity, age, cigarette
      smoking, coffee or tea consumption, educational attainment or personality type.
      Ex-heavy drinkers had similar blood pressures to teetotallers. Men drinking the
      equivalent of three or more glasses of beer a day had a 10.4% prevalence of
      hypertension compared with 2.6% in teetotallers while the most introverted
      tertile of non-smoking drinkers had a 22% prevalence of hypertension. Possible
      mechanisms by which repeated alcohol ingestion might lead to hypertension are
      discussed in the light of hemodynamic and biochemical studies in pairs of
      drinkers and teetotallers.

PMID- 6596059
TI  - Ablation of conduction pathways: the need for caution.

PMID- 6596058
TI  - Coronary thrombolysis--effective treatment?

PMID- 6596060
TI  - A comparison of intravenous and intracoronary streptokinase in acute myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - A randomised study of intravenous and intracoronary streptokinase therapy was
      carried out in 20 subjects with acute myocardial infarction and angiographically
      confirmed complete obstruction of the associated coronary artery. Two dose levels
      of therapy were used. Although more recanalisations occurred with intracoronary
      than intravenous therapy at the low dose levels, overall there was not a
      significant difference between the two groups; one million IU intravenously over
      20 minutes recanalised four of five arteries. While seven of nine recanalisations
      with intracoronary therapy occurred within an hour, only two of five with
      intravenous therapy did so. Hence prolonged angiographic observation is necessary
      to document recanalisation with intravenous therapy adequately. Nevertheless, the
      time disadvantage of large dose intravenous therapy is not great and it may yet
      prove as effective as, and more practical than, intracoronary therapy.

PMID- 6596061
TI  - Transvenous ablation of atrioventricular conduction for refractory or malignant
      supraventricular arrhythmias.
AB  - In nine patients with recurrent disabling supraventricular arrhythmia refractory
      to, or intolerant of, multiple drug combinations, and two patients with Wolff
      Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome and documented malignant atrial fibrillation,
      transvenous ablation of atrioventricular (AV) conduction, utilising synchronised
      unipolar DC shocks delivered by catheter to the AV node-His bundle or to the
      accessory AV pathway, was attempted. One to two 200-300 J discharges produced
      complete heart block in all of the nine patients, with markedly improved
      symptomatic status at one to ten month follow-up including the one patient with
      recovery of modified AV conduction. Single 100-150 J shocks ablated pre
      excitation for five to fifteen minutes in the two WPW patients without subsequent
      modification of accessory pathway conduction. There were no complications. This
      simple technique has great potential and may supplant some open-heart procedures.
      With refinement it may be possible to slow rather than to ablate AV-His
      conduction, to ablate conduction via accessory AV pathways permanently and to
      interrupt ventricular re-entrant circuits.

PMID- 6596062
TI  - Autoimmune thyroid disease and giant cell arteritis: a review, case report and
      epidemiological study.
AB  - A 75-year-old man with the simultaneous onset of Graves' disease and giant cell
      arteritis is described. Although there have been few previous reports of
      simultaneous onset, literature review and a retrospective study of the records of
      this hospital suggest that the association of Graves' disease and the polymyalgia
      rheumatica-giant cell arteritis syndrome is not simple coincidence. The patient's
      course was complicated by cerebral infarction secondary to either arterial
      thrombo-embolism or arteritis.

PMID- 6596063
TI  - Hepatitis B infection among STD clinic patients in Sydney.
AB  - Evidence of current or past infection with hepatitis B has been studied in 809
      patients attending clinics for sexually transmitted diseases in Sydney by
      assaying serological markers. Prevalence rates were 13.9% among male
      heterosexuals; 13.5% among female heterosexuals; 30.7% among female prostitutes;
      64.3% among male homosexuals and 47.1% among male bisexuals. The prevalence was
      80% for male homosexuals aged 36 years or more. Vaccination should be considered
      for persons at high risk of sexual transmission of hepatitis B, and it is the
      immunization of this group that is likely to have a major impact on this disease.

PMID- 6596064
TI  - Familial myopathy associated with Marfanoid features and multicores.
AB  - The cases of a mother and son with a slowly progressive generalised myopathy and
      Marfanoid features are described. Muscle biopsies showed atrophy, type 1 fibre
      preponderance, excessive variation in fibre size and shape, and multiple foci of
      myofibrillar disorganisation with loss of oxidative enzyme activity of the type
      found in multicore disease.

PMID- 6596065
TI  - Congenital hepatic fibrosis associated with Mallory bodies and copper retention.
AB  - New observations are described in a case of congenital hepatic fibrosis.
      Histochemical stains of liver tissue for copper (rhodanine) and copper associated
      protein (orcein) were positive and hepatic copper concentration, measured by
      atomic absorption spectroscopy, was markedly elevated being 550 micrograms/g dry
      weight (NR less than 30 micrograms/g dry weight). Mallory bodies were observed in
      several areas in liver sections. These observations have not been previously
      recorded in congenital hepatic fibrosis. Increased hepatic copper concentration
      in this case may have contributed to the production of liver damage. Hepatic
      copper concentration should be specifically measured in other patients with
      congenital hepatic fibrosis.

PMID- 6596066
TI  - Carcinoma of the urinary bladder in patients receiving cyclophosphamide.

PMID- 6596067
TI  - Joint meeting of the Thoracic Society of Australia and the British Thoracic
      Society. Adelaide, 7-9 May, 1984. Abstracts.

PMID- 6596068
TI  - The Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand. Annual Scientific Meeting,
      April 1984. Queenstown, New Zealand. Abstracts.

PMID- 6596069
TI  - Cochlear implants.

PMID- 6596070
TI  - Medical research and medical practice: new perspectives on the 'town' versus
      'gown' dilemma. The 1984 George Adlington Syme Oration of the Royal Australasian
      College of Surgeons, 13 May 1984.

PMID- 6596071
TI  - Screening for distant metastases in head and neck cancer patients.
AB  - The search for distant metastases in head and neck cancer patients, at the time
      of initial presentation and evaluation, is justified in order not to subject a
      patient to radical local therapy if cure cannot be attained. This study reviews
      897 consecutive cases of squamous carcinoma of the larynx, oropharynx,
      hypopharynx and oral cavity, presenting to the Department of Otolaryngology--Head
      and Neck Surgery. One hundred and twenty-one patients presented with advanced
      disease or other factors that suggested distant metastases were highly likely to
      be present. These patients underwent extensive metastatic work-up, consisting of
      biochemical profiles, liver scan, bone scan and chest X-ray. The value of this
      extensive evaluation is assessed in terms of the patient-derived benefit, rather
      than the traditional incidence of metastases and predictive accuracy. Evidence of
      metastases was identified in 15 patients (12.4%) of this high risk group, but
      were of significance in the selection of appropriate therapy in only three
      patients (2.5%). Due to shortcomings in the investigative modalities currently in
      use and difficulties in their interpretation, erroneous therapeutic decisions
      were made in two of these three cases. In view of this low positive yield, the
      rationale between routine screening in head and neck cancer is discussed with its
      effect on therapeutic decisions.

PMID- 6596072
TI  - Gall bladder perforations.
AB  - Twenty-seven patients with gall bladder perforation were reviewed. Free
      perforation into the peritoneal cavity producing bile peritonitis occurred in 45%
      of patients. Bilio-enteric fistulae were encountered in 48% of our patients. Five
      patients had gall stone ileus. A mortality of 11% reflects the serious nature of
      the condition. Selection of the optimum surgical procedure is based on the
      evaluation of the individual patient which should include an estimate of the
      general condition of the patient as well as the evaluation of anatomic situation
      at operation. Our experience suggests that cholecystostomy may be life-saving in
      these patients. Surgery in patients with gall stone ileus should be directed
      towards relief of obstruction only.

PMID- 6596073
TI  - Some preliminary psychological observations on narcissism, the cosmetic
      rhinoplasty patient and the plastic surgeon.
AB  - From the point of view of the clinical psychologist, one important dimension of
      the psychological experience of the typical cosmetic rhinoplasty (CR) patient
      that has been underemphasized in the psychological and plastic surgery literature
      is the patient's narcissism. The author's aim is to facilitate the plastic
      surgeon's understanding and management of these patients by putting the disparate
      aspects of their behaviour into a unifying theoretical framework. A total of 41
      CR patients from the UK, who had been referred through the National Health
      Service, were interviewed, psychologically tested and clinically assessed at
      varying times before and after surgery. A control group of patients undergoing
      wisdom teeth extractions were also interviewed and tested. The CR patient's
      narcissism was manifest, for example, in their self-absorption, inadequate self
      esteem and fantasies of ideal beauty which was observed in his/her pre- and
      postoperative behaviour. Some suggestions on the management of the CR patient
      with narcissistic problems are offered to surgeons and hospital staff in order to
      maximize the clearly beneficial psychological and behavioural effects of CR.

PMID- 6596074
TI  - Metastatic 'early' colorectal cancer.
AB  - If colorectal carcinomas where the primary tumours are confined to the wall are
      considered 'early', the likelihood of lymph node metastasis in these tumours is
      21% and for those that do not extend beyond the submucosa it is 13%. Because of
      the renewed interest in local treatment of small accessible rectal tumours and
      the use of colonoscopy for the removal of 'polyps' with invasive carcinoma, we
      analysed our long-term cancer survival figures for 'early' cancers in this
      combined surgical series spanning more than 30 years. The presence of regional
      lymph node metastasis in 'early' rectal cancer was associated with a
      significantly (P = 0.001) reduced proportion of long-term survivors (56%)
      compared to those without nodal involvement (79%). Long term survival in 'early'
      colonic cancer was less influenced (P less than 0.05) by whether lymph node
      metastasis was present (73%) or not (77%). The authors conclude that until more
      information is available with regard to the risk of lymph node spread from
      'early' tumours, resection is advised for all invasive tumours of the colon in
      good risk patients, but the indications for local excision of 'early' rectal
      cancers can be extended in view of the ease of careful follow-up and the use of
      salvage procedures in those with recurrence.

PMID- 6596075
TI  - Intra-operative spinal cord monitoring during surgery for scoliosis using
      somatosensory evoked potentials.
AB  - The method of intra-operative monitoring of spinal cord function by spinal
      somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP), as used at the Royal Alexandra Hospital
      for Children during surgery for scoliosis is described. Using a non-polarisable
      platinum spinal epidural electrode, SEP elicited by tibial and peroneal nerve
      stimulation in the popliteal fossa are recorded proximal to the level of spinal
      correction. The large amplitude and discrete waveform of the SEP enable rapid
      signal acquisition and easy interpretation. The spinal SEP is stable under both
      therapeutic hypotension and general anaesthesia. Electrophysiological monitoring
      has now superceded the 'wake-up' test as an index of spinal cord function during
      corrective surgery for scoliosis.

PMID- 6596077
TI  - Peritoneal neutrophilia: a potential indicator of the surgical acute abdomen.
AB  - The percentage of neutrophils in a peritoneal cell sample (PNP), obtained at
      operation, was measured in 250 patients who underwent urgent laparotomy because
      'the surgical acute abdomen' (SAA) was suspected. The PNP was substantially
      higher in patients with confirmed SAA than in others and is potentially a very
      sensitive and very specific test of SAA. If the PNP was available as a diagnostic
      test for patients with acute abdominal pain, there might be a significant
      reduction in unnecessary and delayed laparotomies.

PMID- 6596076
TI  - A comparison of surface particle contamination of powdered and non-powdered
      surgical gloves.
AB  - Prototype 'no powder' gloves were found to have significantly lower surface
      starch particle contamination when compared with powdered gloves. 'No powder'
      gloves were superior in this respect even to washed standard gloves. Although a
      little more difficult to don than standard gloves, their routine use seems
      desirable.

PMID- 6596078
TI  - Closure of double-barrel colostomy with stapling instruments.
AB  - A technique for closure of double-barrel colostomies using the GIA and TA 90
      stapling instruments is described. The method is straight forward and time
      saving, and represents a further application of automatic staplers to gastro
      intestinal surgery.

PMID- 6596079
TI  - Torsion of the spleen in the polysplenia syndrome.
AB  - A case of splenic torsion is presented in an adult with the polysplenia syndrome.
      The factors predisposing to splenic torsion are discussed. Splenic torsion may
      mimic acute appendicitis. The recommended treatment is splenectomy. The
      polysplenia syndrome may often be undiagnosed when cardiac defects are mild or
      absent.

PMID- 6596080
TI  - Reconstruction of an orthotopic functional anus after abdominoperineal resection.
AB  - A case is reported of the reconstruction of a continent anus after an
      abdominoperineal resection for a patient who presented with a Dukes B
      adenocarcinoma at 4.5 cm from the anal verge. After a radical excision, the
      perineal colostomy was sited orthotopically. The right gracilis muscle,
      completely detached from the thigh except for the neurovascular pedicle, was
      wrapped around the neorectum at the original level of the levator ani, in an
      alpha loop configuration. The free ends of the alpha loop pointing anteriorly
      were sutured to the public bone. Thus the 80 degrees ano-rectal angle was
      reconstructed. A temporary transverse colostomy was also performed. After closure
      of the colostomy at eight weeks, the patient was immediately continent of soft
      stools without a learning period. Pressure studies of the new sphincter are also
      reported.

PMID- 6596081
TI  - Risk in the vaginal delivery of the large fetus.
AB  - The problem of the excessively weighted fetus was studied. For this purpose, over
      a period of 2 years, each delivery with fetal weight of 4,500 g or more was
      included in the study. The history and examination findings of the present
      pregnancy were reviewed following delivery. The postpartum outcome and later
      complications in both mothers and infants were investigated prospectively. A
      total of 82 deliveries of large babies were included in the study and the outcome
      was compared with that of parallel deliveries of babies within the normal weight
      range (2,500-4,000 g). Factors frequently associated with excessive fetal weight
      were identified. A relatively high perinatal mortality and morbidity relating to
      vaginal delivery were observed among the large infants. In all those cases who
      developed delay in the second stage of labour, Caesarean section is proposed when
      macrosomia is clinically suspected and confirmed by ultrasonic assessment.
      Moreover elective Caesarean section should be considered before labour, when
      macrosomia is associated with hyperglycaemia or other pathology.

PMID- 6596082
TI  - A comparison of the fetal femur length and biparietal diameter in predicting
      gestational age in the third trimester.
AB  - Using 2 published normograms relating ultrasonic fetal femur length and
      gestational age, the accuracy of predicting gestational age using fetal femur
      length was compared to that using the biparietal diameter after 28 weeks'
      gestation in 50 patients. The results showed that ultrasonic fetal femur length
      was more accurate than the biparietal diameter in predicting gestational age in
      the third trimester. Ultrasonic fetal femur length provides an additional
      parameter in assessing gestational age in late pregnancy.

PMID- 6596083
TI  - Symphysial-fundal height from 12 weeks' gestation.
AB  - There is a strong association between birth-weight and perinatal mortality and
      morbidity. Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is an important cause of
      perinatal morbidity and mortality and 50% of cases occur in low risk patients.
      Despite an obvious need, the diagnosis of IUGR by clinical means has remained
      difficult and inaccurate. To aid this diagnosis a graph of symphysial-fundal
      height, based on a local population in Australia, is presented. When used in
      conjunction with standard charts showing centiles of birth-weight for gestational
      age, an estimate of fetal weight may be simply and quickly made. When tested in
      49 pregnancies the mean error of predicted birth-weight was 86 +/- 67 gm/Kg.

PMID- 6596084
TI  - The relationship between gestational age and birth-weight in twin pregnancy.
AB  - Analysis is made of fetal growth in 563 twin pregnancies. The birth-weight of a
      twin is affected by the duration of pregnancy and zygosity. Intrauterine growth
      and weight is the same as a singleton pregnancy up to a gestational age of 32
      weeks. After this stage fetal growth slows markedly. The growth curves of both
      twins are similar with an increasing tendency towards growth retardation in twin
      2 after 39 weeks' gestation. Intrauterine growth retardation, as represented by
      the 10th percentile line, for twin 1 joins 1,094g at 31 weeks, 1,836g at 36 weeks
      and 2,428g at 40 weeks' gestation. The corresponding figures for twin 2 are
      1,131g, 1,875g and 2,337g respectively.

PMID- 6596085
TI  - Factors influencing referrals for prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis.
AB  - This paper reports the results of an investigation into factors influencing the
      referral of women for prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis, following mid-second
      trimester amniocentesis. The overall diagnostic amniocentesis rate for women over
      the age of 35 years was 16.8%. One hundred and forty consecutive Brisbane women
      referred to the 2 Queensland laboratories offering chromosome analysis of
      amniotic fluid cells were included in this study. 72% were referred for advanced
      maternal age. The socioeconomic status (SES) of the 140 women was skewed very
      significantly towards the professional and semiprofessional classes (Classes A
      and B on the Congalton Australian Four-point Scale). Twenty seven percent of all
      women are in SES Class D in the Brisbane population, but only 7.4% of such women
      (SES Class D) were within the group studied. Forty nine percent of women
      indicated that they themselves raised the question of prenatal diagnosis with
      their doctor. Diagnostic amniocentesis is not acceptable to a certain proportion
      of couples, but it is estimated that 60% would accept it if there were medical
      indications, and if it were offered. Our studies have indicated that of those
      women who are at increased risk of having a child with a significant chromosomal
      abnormality (including those over the age of 35 years) and to whom prenatal
      diagnosis is acceptable, 28% are actually receiving it in current practice. Those
      who do are a well informed, self-motivated upper and middle class group.

PMID- 6596086
TI  - Monitoring early production of chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) following in vitro
      fertilization and embryo transfer.
AB  - A rapid, sensitive assay was developed for monitoring HCG production and applied
      to serum and urine collection between days 4 and 20 after OPU in 55 patients
      treated by ovarian hyperstimulation and IVF. Eleven ongoing pregnancies, 2
      ectopic pregnancies and 1 clinical abortion resulted. The earliest detection of a
      rise in HCG was on day 7 after OPU. The HCG values showed that trophoblastic
      tissue functioned transiently in another 11 patients and probably in another 5.
      Thus evidence for functioning trophoblastic tissue was obtained in a total of 30
      patients (55%). These findings are important for the further improvement of IVF.
      No antibodies to administered HCG were detected.

PMID- 6596087
TI  - A technique for enrichment of motile spermatozoa from oligozoospermic and
      asthenozoospermic patients.
AB  - A system for rapid selection of normal motile spermatozoa from poor semen samples
      is described. Analysis of the selected samples shows that there are significant
      improvements in the percentage motility, velocity and morphology. The final
      spermatozoa suspension of 0.5 ml is sufficient for the purpose of intrauterine
      AIH and IVF.

PMID- 6596088
TI  - Who attends family planning clinics?
AB  - Data were obtained from 1,810 consecutive women who attended a central
      metropolitan (Brisbane) Family Planning Clinic during a 5 week period in 1982.
      Young women in particular formed the major client group with 32% being under 20
      years of age. The client population was skewed towards women of upper
      socioeconomic status (SES). There was no SES disproportion in the use of oral
      contraceptives or IUD's. However, diaphragm use occurred disproportionately in
      women of upper SES groups; postcoital contraception was sought by and limited to,
      women of SES classes A and B only. The clinic satisfied a need for women with a
      history of failed or absent contraception and 15% had already had a termination
      of pregnancy by the time they first presented at the clinic.

PMID- 6596089
TI  - Relationship between contraceptive method and vaginal flora.
AB  - This study was undertaken to assess whether the vaginal flora was affected by the
      method of contraception, and in particular as to whether the incidence of vaginal
      candidiasis increased when oral contraceptives were used. One thousand and two
      consecutive vaginal or cervical swabs from women attending a family planning
      centre were cultured. Candida albicans was isolated from 13% of women using no
      contraception, 16% using oral contraceptives, and from 9%, 19% and 18% of those
      using diaphragms, intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) and condoms
      respectively. These differences were not statistically significant. Women using
      an IUCD had significantly more Gram-positive cocci cultured than women in any
      other group, while those using diaphragms had significantly more Gram-negative
      bacilli. Our clinical impression that the use of oral contraceptives led to an
      increase in vaginal candidiasis, was not confirmed by this study.

PMID- 6596090
TI  - Acute feto-maternal transfusion--diagnostic considerations.
AB  - A sinusoidal fetal heart rate pattern followed by severe deceleration was
      encountered in a fetus at 39 weeks' gestation during antepartum fetal nonstress
      testing. The only indication for fetal monitoring was a maternal complaint of
      cessation of fetal movements. The abdominally-delivered newborn was found to be
      severely anaemic and the cord was tightly wrapped round its body. A
      pathophysiological mechanism for massive feto-maternal transfusion is suggested.
      Various laboratory tests were utilized to identify the condition, quantitate the
      amount of transfusion, and estimate the time of its occurrence. Globin synthesis
      studies in maternal blood indicated that a significant fetal blood loss had
      occurred within 24 hours of delivery. The significance of these findings as
      applied to the clinician is discussed.

PMID- 6596091
TI  - Acute and severe menorrhagia due to cervical artery damage.

PMID- 6596093
TI  - The results of the I.V.F. program in Hobart.

PMID- 6596092
TI  - Vesicovaginal fistula and its complications due to prolonged use of vaginal
      diaphragm.
AB  - The vaginal diaphragm is currently less popular than other contraceptive methods,
      such as the pill, IUDs or surgical sterilization. It is however, regarded as one
      of the safest methods of contraception available and complications of diaphragm
      use are rare. This report describes a case in which a vesicovaginal fistula and
      genitourinary tract infections complicated the use of this contraceptive method.

PMID- 6596094
TI  - Birth weights of aboriginal infants in Arnhem Land.

PMID- 6596095
TI  - New methods for assaying rubella antibodies.

PMID- 6596096
TI  - Characteristics of selective activation of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase
      isoenzymes by calcitonin and prostaglandin E2 in human breast cancer cells.
AB  - The characteristics of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase isoenzyme response
      to calcitonin stimulation have been studied in two human breast cancer cell
      lines, T47D and MCF 7. Both cell lines possess calcitonin receptors, a calcitonin
      responsive adenylate cyclase and the two isoenzymes of the cyclic AMP-dependent
      protein kinase, types I and II. The adenylate cyclase also responds to
      prostaglandin E2. Acute activation of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase
      isoenzymes was determined by using a modification of a multiple small anion
      exchange column method [Livesey, Kemp, Re, Partridge & Martin (1982) J. Biol.
      Chem. 257, 14983-14987]. Control experiments showed that post-extraction
      activation did not influence the data. Calcitonin caused a rapid, selective
      activation of isoenzyme II in the T 47D cells with half-maximal response at 10(
      10)M, and persisting for at least 24h. In MCF 7 cells calcitonin also caused a
      highly selective activation of isoenzyme II with half-maximal response at 5 X 10(
      11) M, but the response was transient with a return to basal isoenzyme activity
      by 4-6 h. At this time further addition of calcitonin did not restimulate the
      cyclic AMP-dependent kinase activity. In neither cell line did calcitonin
      treatment result in activation of isoenzyme I. Prostaglandin E2, on the other
      hand, the only significant alternative agonist of adenylate cyclase in T 47D
      cells, activated isoenzymes I and II to an equal extent in these cells,
      illustrating that two hormones activating adenylate cyclase in the one cell type
      might exert different effects by their selective actions upon protein kinase
      isoenzymes.

PMID- 6596097
TI  - Gastrointestinal and cardiovascular effects of the prostaglandin analogue Hoe
      260.
AB  - Hoe 260 is a long-lasting and potent antisecretory and cytoprotective
      prostaglandin E2-analogue, having a favourable split between therapeutic gastric
      effects, effect on blood pressure and intestinal side effects; this compound
      could be a promising drug in ulcer therapy. (formula; see text)

PMID- 6596098
TI  - Renal PGs in essential hypertension; the role of water-electrolyte shifts in
      their metabolism.
AB  - Reduced PG formation in the renal vascular bed and urinary tract with increased
      PGF2 alpha/PGE2 ratio and altered PG response to acute and chronic salt loads
      were revealed in 100 patients with EH of different severity. The experiment on 70
      rats has shown that the above changes in renal PG can be related to the increased
      Na concentration in the renal parenchyma resulting in decreased biosynthesis of
      both PGs in the kidneys and increased PGE2 transformation into PGF2 alpha. Renal
      PG changes are reversible after sodiumuresis and diuresis induced by various
      diuretics and other agents. The role of renal prostaglandins (PG) in the
      pathogenesis of essential hypertension (EH) and regulation of water-electrolyte
      metabolism has been studied for many years (B. Scherer et al., B. Lee et al., K.
      Abe et al., J.C. McGiff et al.). Reduced urinary PGE2 excretion was observed in
      patients with elevated blood pressure, while normotensive rats and healthy
      subjects on a low salt diet, treated by furosemide, showed PGE2 excretion
      increase. Salt loads, according to different authors, reduced, increased or
      caused no changes in urinary PGE2 excretion, with PGE2-9-ketoreductase activity
      increased. The aim of the present paper was the study of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha
      content in renal veins, their urinary excretion, biosynthesis and renal
      metabolism. The study was performed on patients with EH and on experimental rats
      at different salt loads.

PMID- 6596099
TI  - Effect of PGE2 on isolated renal artery from rabbit.

PMID- 6596100
TI  - Prostaglandin production in patients with pulmonary embolism.
AB  - Release of prostaglandins (PG's) after experimental pulmonary embolism has been
      reported. Therefore, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2
      alpha), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1
      alpha) were determined in venous plasma of 21 patients with acute pulmonary
      embolism. Venous plasma levels were followed up for one week after admission.
      Arterial and mixed-venous PG levels were additionally determined in 6 patients
      with acute pulmonary embolism prior to pulmonary angiography. Venous levels were
      substantially elevated (PGE2 16-1300, PGF2 alpha 48-592, TXB2 1-247, 6-ketoPGF1
      alpha 1-248 pg/ml), differing significantly from normal controls (p less than
      0.001). PG's remained elevated throughout the 7-day postadmission study period.
      No significant arterial-venous PG differences were detected, though 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha and TXB2 levels were somewhat higher in arterial blood. There was no
      correlation between clinical data (blood pressure, mean pulmonary artery
      pressure, etc.) and PG levels. These data suggest that elevated prostaglandin
      levels are probably not, or only in part, responsible for the cardiopulmonary
      changes that occur in patients with acute pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 6596101
TI  - Inhibition of dimethylsulfoxide-induced differentiation in Friend erythroleukemic
      cells by diacylglycerols and phospholipase C.
AB  - The effects of diacylglycerols and phospholipase C on dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)
      induced differentiation were investigated in Friend erythroleukemic cells (FELC).
      Greater than 80% of cells become benzidine-positive when incubated with 1.5%
      DMSO. The tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), inhibits
      DMSO-induced differentiation in FELC. Diacylglycerols were found to inhibit DMSO
      induced differentiation dose responsively with the order of potency being 1
      oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG) greater than dicaprylin greater than dilaurin
      greater than diolein. Phospholipase C which releases endogenous diacylglycerols
      from membrane phospholipids also inhibited DMSO-induced differentiation dose
      responsively. These results support the hypothesis that diacylglycerols can have
      effects similar to tumor promoters and suggest that protein kinase C may be a
      common mechanism for tumor promotion.

PMID- 6596102
TI  - Effect of anthracyclines and mitoxantrone on oxygen uptake and ATP intracellular
      concentration in rat heart slices.
AB  - The clinical use of anthracycline antibiotics is severely limited by dose
      dependent cardiotoxicity. This accounts for our interest in differences on
      respiratory control of cardiac cells induced by two new anticancer agents
      epirubicin and mitoxantrone. Cellular oxygen uptake was measured for increasing
      drugs concentrations with a Warburg manometric apparatus and intracellular ATP by
      high-pressure liquid chromatography in rat heart slices incubated for 60' with
      anthracyclines or mitoxantrone. Epirubicin inhibits endogenous respiration by 18%
      versus control while doxorubicin and mitoxantrone reduce oxygen uptake by 34 and
      46%, respectively. ATP intracellular concentration was significantly reduced by
      all anti-cancer agents but particularly by mitoxantrone 86%. These results may be
      related to the biochemical side effects produced by these drugs on bioenergetics
      and cellular respiratory control.

PMID- 6596103
TI  - Cervical ripening with intracervical prostaglandin-E2 gel. I. Clinical results
      and effect on plasma levels of oxytocin and 13,14-dihydro,15-ketoprostaglandin-F2
      alpha.
AB  - Tylose gel containing 400 micrograms prostaglandin E2 in 3 ml gel was injected
      into the cervical canal of 20 patients with high-risk pregnancy and indication
      for induction of labor, but with unfavorable cervix. Ten were studied after the
      first gel application, five during repeat injection, and five after application
      of gel without PGE2. Blood samples were drawn serially during the first 8 hours
      for determination of oxytocin and 13,14-dihydro,15-ketoprostaglandin-F2 alpha
      (PGFM). The PGE2 gel increased the Bishop score within 8 hours in all patients;
      in half of them, artificial rupture of the membranes could be performed and labor
      induced without further gel application; in the others, it was repeated every 8
      hours until a Bishop score of greater than or equal to 8 was achieved. Fourteen
      of the 15 PGE2-induced patients delivered vaginally. Mean PGFM levels did not
      increase significantly during the 8 hours of observation, but in patients who
      responded with rapid progression, an increase was seen after cervical dilation
      was 6 cm or more. The mean oxytocin levels increased within 60 minutes after PGE2
      application and were increased for the remaining observation period. Application
      of inactive gel had no effect on cervical ripening nor on oxytocin or PGFM
      levels.

PMID- 6596105
TI  - [Health objectives for the United States in 1990 and its application in Puerto
      Rico. II. Immunizations].

PMID- 6596104
TI  - Evaluation of a gastric tube with esophageal balloon for neonatal use.
AB  - A gastric tube with esophageal balloon was designed for neonatal use. The
      response of the balloon was evaluated. In vitro studies involved comparisons of
      pressure changes (delta P) in a flask, as measured directly, or as transferred
      via the balloon. Values for delta P ranged frm 5 cmH2O to 40 cmH2O, and
      frequencies from 10 to 1620 cycles per minute. The volume of air within the
      balloon was varied from 0.1 to 0.4 ml. At each combination of pressure, frequency
      and balloon volume, the balloon transmitted an accurate, if minimally lower delta
      P, than that imposed. In a rabbit, intraesophageal delta Ps measured via the
      balloon were compared with intrapleural delta Ps, measured via a chest tube. The
      frequency rates and delta Ps achieved were similar to those encountered in the
      clinical situation. The delta s measured via the balloon were frequently equal to
      or sometimes minimally lower than the actual pleural pressure changes. The
      prototype meets recommended dimensions for esophageal balloon use in the neonate
      and allows for accurate routine measurements for calculation of pulmonary
      function. The device is now available commercially.

PMID- 6596106
TI  - Conservative repair of the mitral and tricuspid valves: eight years experience
      with Duran flexible ring annuloplasty.

PMID- 6596107
TI  - Worldwide data base: a practitioner's dream.

PMID- 6596108
TI  - Echocardiography cases. Pulmonary regurgitation.

PMID- 6596109
TI  - Prognostic value of exercise testing early after uncomplicated myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 6596111
TI  - Computers in the medical office: the revolution continues.

PMID- 6596110
TI  - Bone scan in sickle cell disease.

PMID- 6596112
TI  - The fetal alcohol syndrome.

PMID- 6596113
TI  - Dietary management of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 6596115
TI  - 'Adverse response to endodontic material containing paraformaldehyde'.

PMID- 6596114
TI  - [Urinary excretion of PGE2 and renal function in acute myocardial infarction].
AB  - In 17 hospitalized patients affected by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) PGE2
      urinary excretion, renal function and, furthermore, cortisol urinary excretion
      were tested during a 21 days trial. In 12 patients all the parameters under
      consideration underwent a similar trend: PGE2 urinary excretion exactly like
      glomerular filtration rate, Na+ excretion and diuresis tended to be reduced
      during the first 5 days and they rapidly recovered the normality after this
      period. Cortisol urinary excretion displayed a characteristic pattern: i.e. the
      highest values were observed in the first days, followed by a progressive
      decrease towards physiological levels since the 4th day. Different findings were
      obtained in 5 cases treated with an antiinflammatory drug (Indoprophen i.m. 200
      mg x2 die). In fact the low levels of urinary PGE2 on the first days did not
      display any increasing and GFR, urinary flow, and Na+ tubular balance underwent
      irregular and not significant variations. These data suggest that an impaired
      Prostaglandin synthesis may be related to a compromised renal function often
      occurring in AMI.

PMID- 6596117
TI  - The use of intra-oral appliances in the management of acquired velopharyngeal
      disorders.

PMID- 6596116
TI  - Fluoride syndrome.

PMID- 6596118
TI  - 'Weaning without sugar'.

PMID- 6596119
TI  - Oral candidosis and AIDS.

PMID- 6596120
TI  - Hypoplasia following congenital epulis.

PMID- 6596121
TI  - The sensory nerve supply to the tongue: a clinical reappraisal.

PMID- 6596122
TI  - The surface finish of composite resin restorative materials.

PMID- 6596123
TI  - Laboratory costs of cobalt-chromium partial dentures.

PMID- 6596124
TI  - Drug therapy in general practice.

PMID- 6596125
TI  - Endowment mortgages--a viable proposition?

PMID- 6596126
TI  - Heat production rate in polymorphonuclear granulocytes from patients with acute
      myelogenous leukaemia and healthy individuals.
AB  - Heat production rate in polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN) from 18 AML patients
      and 21 healthy individuals was measured using microcalorimetry. An increased PMN
      heat production rate was found in most AML patients at diagnosis and during the
      first 6 months of remission. In 7/7 patients showing values above the normal mean
      level the heat production rate decreased during sequential analysis. The
      increased PMN heat production rate is serum dependent and leukaemic sera induced
      increased calorimetric values also in PMN from healthy donors. This effect was
      not due to heat labile complement factors.

PMID- 6596127
TI  - [Use of immobilized ethidium bromide for the isolation and fractionation of DNA
      from solutions, biological fluids and cell lysates].
AB  - Possible use of ethidium bromide immobilized on polyacrylamide gel for DNA
      extraction from biological media, e.g., cell lysates and blood serum, is
      discussed. The ability of the affinity gel to cause fractionation of single- and
      double-stranded DNA is demonstrated.

PMID- 6596128
TI  - The dexamethasone suppression test in fibrositis.

PMID- 6596129
TI  - Relationship of 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-prostaglandin F2 alpha concentrations in
      peripheral plasma with local uterine production of F series prostaglandins and
      changes in uterine blood flow during the early postpartum period of cattle.
AB  - Cows were prepared for surgery, either within 12 h after parturition (Day 0, n =
      3), on Day 1 (n = 1) or on Day 2 (n = 1) postpartum. The previously gravid
      uterine horn was exposed through a high lumbar laparotomy, and catheters inserted
      into an uterine branch of the ovarian vein (UBOV) and in the main uterine artery
      (UA) via a branch of the main uterine artery. A blood flow transducer (8-13 mm,
      internal diameter) was placed around the UA. Starting 12-24 h following surgery,
      simultaneous blood samples were collected from UBOV and UA at 15-min intervals
      for 1 or 2 h daily from Days 1 to 10 postpartum (mean = 5.3 days). Concurrently,
      uterine blood flow (UBF) was recorded daily for 6 h. Mean concentrations of
      prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and 15-keto-13, 14-dihydro-PGF2 alpha (PGFM)
      were higher (P less than 0.01) in UBOV than UA (4.64 +/- 0.6, n = 96 vs. 0.08 +/-
      0.02 ng/ml, n = 92 and 5.67 +/- 0.41, n = 98 vs. 1.02 +/- 0.09, n = 94, ng/ml,
      respectively). Concentrations of PGF2 alpha and PGFM in the UBOV increased (P
      less than 0.1) on Days 2 and 3 and decreased (P less than 0.01) thereafter. Mean
      UBF (ml/min) decreased (P less than 0.01) from 3079 +/- 683 on Day 1 to 602 +/-
      56 on Day 2 and was 413 +/- 55 on Day 5.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6596130
TI  - Tuberculosis of the ear.

PMID- 6596131
TI  - Statement and resolution on the supplemental fluoridation of the water supply.
      Committee on Public Health, New York Academy of Medicine.

PMID- 6596132
TI  - Maintaining visual functions in the elderly.

PMID- 6596133
TI  - The medical revolution in dentistry.

PMID- 6596134
TI  - An examination of what dentists already know about stress and burnout within
      dentistry.

PMID- 6596136
TI  - University of the Pacific: preparing for the 1990s.

PMID- 6596135
TI  - Loma Linda University and the future.

PMID- 6596137
TI  - UCSF: challenges and issues for the 1980s.

PMID- 6596138
TI  - USC dentistry in the 1980s.

PMID- 6596139
TI  - UCLA School of Dentistry: past, present and future.

PMID- 6596140
TI  - Genetic engineering in dentistry: current research at USC.

PMID- 6596141
TI  - Temporomandibular joint research: a status report.

PMID- 6596142
TI  - Ongoing studies at the University of the Pacific.

PMID- 6596143
TI  - Current aspects of anti-herpes research: problem, established work, and future
      goals.

PMID- 6596144
TI  - The status of endodontics 1985: concepts, materials and methods.

PMID- 6596145
TI  - The troubled temporomandibular joint: new challenges in teaching, research and
      clinical management.

PMID- 6596146
TI  - Current concepts of periodontitis.

PMID- 6596147
TI  - Endodontic research at Loma Linda University.

PMID- 6596148
TI  - Periodontics at UCLA.

PMID- 6596149
TI  - Root caries.

PMID- 6596150
TI  - Research activities in the diagnostic sciences.

PMID- 6596151
TI  - Current research in restorative dentistry.

PMID- 6596152
TI  - Dental implants--moving into the mainstream.

PMID- 6596153
TI  - Fifty years of orthodontics.

PMID- 6596154
TI  - The estimation of the lymphocyte percentage by the Coulter Counter Model S Plus
      III.
AB  - The accuracy of the Coulter Counter Model S Plus III in determining lymphocyte
      percentage was assessed. In 'routine' adult blood counts accuracy was
      satisfactory but in infectious mononucleosis, and in chronic lymphocytic
      leukaemia and other lymphoproliferative disorders, there was a high rejection
      rate and an often considerable underestimation of the lymphocyte percentage. The
      S Plus III lymphocyte percentage was of no use in neonates because of inaccuracy
      and a high rejection rate. In infants the relationship with lymphocyte
      percentages based on manual differential counts was non-linear, and there was
      underestimation of some high percentages. The white cell size histogram was
      useful in altering staff to abnormalities, and also suggested that lymphocytes of
      neonates and infants were larger than those of adults, with plots being very
      similar to those of some adults with lymphoproliferative disorders. The S Plus
      III lymphocyte percentage was useful in reducing the need for differential counts
      in adult patients but did not replace examination of a blood film or a manual
      lymphocyte percentage in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or a
      lymphoproliferative disorder.

PMID- 6596155
TI  - Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis complicating pulmonary infarction in a patient
      with acute myeloblastic leukaemia.

PMID- 6596156
TI  - Conservative vital bleaching treatment of discolored dentition.

PMID- 6596157
TI  - Biosis, antibiosis, and how to select an antibiotic.

PMID- 6596158
TI  - Case report: comprehensive treatment of a patient with posterior bite collapse.

PMID- 6596159
TI  - Microbiology and immunopathology of pulpal and periapical infections. Part I.

PMID- 6596160
TI  - A critique of nonconventional treatment concepts and procedures for TMJ
      disorders.

PMID- 6596161
TI  - The current status of fissure sealants and priorities for future research. Part
      II.

PMID- 6596162
TI  - Furcation invasions: correlating a classification system with therapeutic
      considerations. Part III. Sectioning teeth in the treatment of furcation
      invasions.

PMID- 6596163
TI  - Complete and incomplete fractures of posterior teeth.

PMID- 6596164
TI  - The effects of fluoridation on dental care demand.

PMID- 6596165
TI  - In vitro combination effects of cefotetan with four aminoglycosides, piperacillin
      and mezlocillin on gram-positive and gram-negative nosocomial bacteria.
AB  - The in vitro efficacy of cefotetan in combination with gentamicin, tobramycin,
      amikacin, netilmicin against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis
      and Enterobacter cloacae and with piperacillin and mezlocillin against
      Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter
      cloacae was compared by use of the checkerboard agar dilution technique. On
      average, 60% of the gram-negative and 46% of the gram-positive strains were
      inhibited by additive, but only 22% of the gram-negative and 2% of the gram
      positive bacteria were inhibited by synergistic cefotetan-aminoglycoside
      combinations. Netilmicin combinations were least active. On gram-negative
      bacteria, 63% of the cefotetan-penicillin combinations were additive and 11%
      synergistic. No antagonism occurred with any of the combinations.

PMID- 6596166
TI  - Eating out of control: anorexia and bulimia in adolescents.

PMID- 6596167
TI  - Methodical evaluation of a dental practice prior to purchase or association.

PMID- 6596168
TI  - "But, Doctor, how can that be?".

PMID- 6596169
TI  - [Clinico-pathological analysis of 43 cases of lymphoid hyperplasia with
      eosinophilia].

PMID- 6596170
TI  - [Use of computerized tomography in oral and maxillofacial surgery--report of 12
      cases].

PMID- 6596171
TI  - [A clinical study on anchorage using ring plate removable appliances].

PMID- 6596172
TI  - [Cheilitis granulomatosa].

PMID- 6596173
TI  - [A survey on oral leukoplakia among the Vighur, Han and Khazak peoples in rural
      and farming areas in Xinjiang].

PMID- 6596174
TI  - [Survey on the malocclusion of deciduous teeth among 3,095 children in Tianjin].

PMID- 6596175
TI  - [Relation between mandibular measurement and impacted wisdom teeth in 267
      Moslems].

PMID- 6596176
TI  - [Diagnostic study of upper joint space arthrography in the temporomandibular
      joint syndrome].

PMID- 6596177
TI  - [A preliminary study of the absorption of Streptococcus mutans on enamel
      surfaces].

PMID- 6596178
TI  - [Comparative study of the roentgeno-pathology of ameloblastoma of the jaw].

PMID- 6596179
TI  - [A preliminary study of cartilaginous homografting in the treatment of
      periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6596180
TI  - [Cardiac arrhythmia during tooth extraction].

PMID- 6596181
TI  - [Theoretical analysis of the biomechanical effects of periodontal splints].

PMID- 6596182
TI  - [Salivary function in aged male].

PMID- 6596183
TI  - [Effect of a silver ammonia fluoride solution on the prevention and inhibition of
      caries].

PMID- 6596184
TI  - Recognition of central nervous system leukemia by flow cytometry.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid of 24 patients with acute leukemia was studied by DNA/RNA
      flow cytometry. In six of 15 patients with central nervous system (CNS) relapse,
      the spinal fluid cells had abnormal DNA stemlines, ranging from near haploid to
      hyperdiploid. In two additional cases, leukemic cells were identified by a
      abnormally high RNA content only. One patient had two different aneuploid cell
      populations in spinal fluid not distinguished by cytologic morphology. Another
      patient with initial diploid leukemia had CNS relapse characterized by the same
      DNA stemline long after a triploid DNA stemline emerged in the marrow. DNA/RNA
      flow cytometry detected leukemic cells that were not identified ("uniform" or
      "reactive") by cytological criteria in 5/6 patients studied and in addition
      differentiated lymphoblastic from nonlymphoblastic cell types according to low
      and high RNA content.

PMID- 6596185
TI  - In vitro influence of steroids, histamine, adrenaline and oxytocin on secretion
      of prostaglandins PGE2 and PGF2 alpha by human fetal membranes.

PMID- 6596186
TI  - A model for the development of educational materials for facilitating ethical
      development.

PMID- 6596187
TI  - The dilemma discussion: a strategy for teaching professional decision making to
      dental hygienists.

PMID- 6596188
TI  - Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dental assistant students in preventive
      dentistry.

PMID- 6596189
TI  - [Radioimmunological study of prostaglandin F2 alpha in the plasma and urine by
      using a Hungarian set (kit) for radioimmunologic determination].

PMID- 6596190
TI  - Influence of betamethasone on the composition of inflammatory exudate in the
      horse: a preliminary report.

PMID- 6596191
TI  - Metabolism of fibrinogen in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - The metabolism and in vivo kinetics of fibrinogen were studied using homologous
      125I-labelled fibrinogen in 21 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).
      Ten patients were undergoing induction therapy, 11 children were in complete
      remission on maintenance therapy. Results in the patients undergoing induction
      therapy were: plasma fibrinogen levels were normal in all except one patient, the
      plasma fibrinogen pool was elevated in six cases, seven patients had a shortened
      fibrinogen half-life and increased fractional catabolic rate for fibrinogen. The
      absolute catabolic rate for fibrinogen was elevated in six cases. This shortened
      fibrinogen half-life together with the correcting effect of heparinisation on the
      fibrinogen turnover indicated that fibrinogen was consumed by chronic
      disseminated intravascular coagulation. Inhibition of the fibrinolytic system
      with epsilon-aminocaproic acid in five patients had no influence on the
      fibrinogen half-life in three of them but resulted in its prolongation in two
      patients. All except two children in complete remission had normal fibrinogen
      levels. Six patients had elevated plasma fibrinogen pools and in all of the cases
      survival and fractional catabolic rate of fibrinogen were normal. The absolute
      catabolic rate for fibrinogen was normal in eight, elevated in three of the
      patients. This observation indicates that fibrinogen synthesis remains
      accelerated in some cases of ALL in complete remission, but the cause of this is
      not known.

PMID- 6596192
TI  - Genetic markers in carcinoma of the prostate.
AB  - The distribution of phenotypes and gene frequencies of the third component of
      complement (C3), group-specific component (Gc), haptoglobin (Hp) and transferrin
      (Tf) were studied in 115 patients with carcinoma of the prostate. The statistical
      analysis of our findings in comparison to the frequency of these genes in a
      control group of 155 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia does not reveal
      any correlation between the distribution of the Hp and Tf phenotypes and the
      disease. On the contrary, a statistically significant association was found
      between carcinoma of prostate and C3F and Gc2 genes. The relative risk incidence
      of this malignancy is 1.56 and 1.81, respectively, for the carriers of these
      genes suffering from benign prostate hyperplasia.

PMID- 6596194
TI  - [Composite dental filling materials].

PMID- 6596193
TI  - Quantification of proteins in tracheobronchoalveolar lavage fluid by isoelectric
      focusing and scanning densitometry. A methodological study on rats.
AB  - The aim of this study was to evaluate whether isoelectric focusing is a technique
      that is capable of quantifying a number of proteins simultaneously, in a single
      analysis of tracheobronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The aim included presentation of
      an animal model for such analysis after exposure to a pulmonary irritant. The
      studies were performed on tracheobroncoalveolar lavage fluid from rats. One
      millimetre-thick agarose gels were used. The gel plates were stained with
      Coomassie Brilliant Blue R 250, which primarily stains proteins. Quantification
      of different protein bands was performed by laser scanning densitometry and
      computerized processing of the results. The effects of different steps in the
      analysis were examined. Recommendations for application of the method are
      proposed. An investigation was also made of the variance for the entire method,
      the variance attributable to isoelectric focusing and individual variation, for
      different protein bands. A light-microscopic examination for mechanical injury
      caused by tracheobronchoalveolar lavage was performed. The effects of perfusion
      of the pulmonary circulation with 0.9% sodium chloride solution during lavage was
      investigated. Application of the method in an experiment in which rats exposed to
      tobacco smoke were compared with rats not thus exposed showed that the method is
      powerful enough to show significances between these two groups. Corresponding
      results were obtained when rats, the pulmonary circulation of which was perfused
      as stated above, were compared with non-perfused rats. The experiments showed
      that isoelectric focusing combined with laser scanning as applied in this study,
      can be used for quantification of a system of proteins in tracheobronchoalveolar
      lavage fluid when different groups are to be compared.

PMID- 6596195
TI  - [Establishing a private practice].

PMID- 6596196
TI  - [Student studies at the Schools of Dentistry in Oslo and Bergen--1984].

PMID- 6596197
TI  - [Surgical reconstruction of mandibular defects].

PMID- 6596198
TI  - [Endoscopic examination of the maxillary sinus].

PMID- 6596199
TI  - [Pathomechanism of erosive oral lichen].

PMID- 6596200
TI  - [Management of habitual mandibular luxation by a modified Le Clerc operation].

PMID- 6596201
TI  - [Role, problems and perspectives of anesthesiology at the Department of Oral
      Surgery].

PMID- 6596202
TI  - [Surgical management of fractures of the mandibular condyle].

PMID- 6596203
TI  - [Dentin-pulp protection].

PMID- 6596204
TI  - [Craniofacial injuries].

PMID- 6596205
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of a new amalgam with high copper content].

PMID- 6596206
TI  - [Uncomplicated traumatic fractures of the maxillofacial complex].

PMID- 6596207
TI  - [Osteotomy using a CO2 laser and a Nd-YAG laser: comparative study].

PMID- 6596208
TI  - [Anatomic-functional implications of the morphology and position of the tongue on
      oro-maxillofacial development with respect to malocclusion].

PMID- 6596209
TI  - [Review of the relation between genetic variations and dental development].

PMID- 6596210
TI  - [Characterization of a new composite: evaluation of its physico-chemical
      properties].

PMID- 6596211
TI  - [Protection from x-rays].

PMID- 6596212
TI  - [Pathology of the maxillary sinus. I: Sinusitis of dental origin].

PMID- 6596213
TI  - [The problem of lighting in the dental office].

PMID- 6596214
TI  - [Topography and layout of the dental office. 2].

PMID- 6596215
TI  - [Post-operative results and laser therapy].

PMID- 6596216
TI  - [Composites: clinical use of a new material in the esthetic reconstruction of
      anterior teeth].

PMID- 6596217
TI  - [Music in the dental office].

PMID- 6596218
TI  - [Pathology due to caries in the deciduous teeth and orthodontic consequences].

PMID- 6596220
TI  - [A method of phonetic reeducation in cases of childhood atypical deglutition
      associated with orthodontic therapy].

PMID- 6596219
TI  - [Effect of hypertrophic adenoid tissue on maxillofacial structures].

PMID- 6596221
TI  - [Dimensional stability of an autopolymerizing resin for precision restorations].

PMID- 6596222
TI  - [Caries recurrence at the margin of silver amalgam restorations].

PMID- 6596223
TI  - [Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma: clinical case].

PMID- 6596224
TI  - [Occlusal sealants: physico-chemical study and clinical results].

PMID- 6596225
TI  - [Optimal preparation procedures for repositioning splints].

PMID- 6596226
TI  - [Anterior canine tooth-guided occlusion using the Michigan splint].

PMID- 6596227
TI  - [Testing the corrosion resistance of dental alloys in vitro].

PMID- 6596228
TI  - [Cusp-groove relations in structural defects].

PMID- 6596229
TI  - [The concepts of performance create a safe workplace].

PMID- 6596230
TI  - [Photometric studies of fine dust production in the dental laboratory].

PMID- 6596231
TI  - To all laboratory owners: management is your business.

PMID- 6596232
TI  - Illinois denturism suit takes a new twist.

PMID- 6596233
TI  - Performance appraisals and salary reviews: tools for successful management.

PMID- 6596234
TI  - Research--the cornerstone of professionalism.

PMID- 6596236
TI  - Research: don't just read about it--do it.

PMID- 6596235
TI  - Research and other scholarly activities. Dental hygiene educators' participation.

PMID- 6596237
TI  - Research methodology: research approaches and designs.

PMID- 6596238
TI  - Research methodology: sampling and data collection.

PMID- 6596239
TI  - Ethical, moral and legal considerations in human subject research.

PMID- 6596240
TI  - Data analysis.

PMID- 6596241
TI  - Turning ideas into realities.

PMID- 6596243
TI  - Where does dental hygiene go from here?

PMID- 6596242
TI  - Now that I've done it, what do I do with it?

PMID- 6596244
TI  - How do we interest and educate students in research?

PMID- 6596245
TI  - [Work systems in the dental technical laboratory].

PMID- 6596246
TI  - [Fatigue-free and healthy work].

PMID- 6596247
TI  - Rapidly progressive periodontitis. A distinct clinical condition.

PMID- 6596248
TI  - Staff personalities: creating the perfect blend.

PMID- 6596249
TI  - Look closely before you sign!

PMID- 6596250
TI  - The rent vs. buy questions.

PMID- 6596251
TI  - Handling the irate caller.

PMID- 6596253
TI  - What's happening to the middle income dentist?

PMID- 6596252
TI  - The professional corporation.

PMID- 6596254
TI  - When collections are erratic.

PMID- 6596255
TI  - Inventory control: minds over money.

PMID- 6596256
TI  - How 21 dentists deal with stress.

PMID- 6596257
TI  - Establishing credibility when building a practice.

PMID- 6596258
TI  - [Distribution of antigens of various erythrocytic systems in patients with
      hematologic diseases].

PMID- 6596259
TI  - [Heterogeneity of idiopathic acquired sideroblastic anemia].

PMID- 6596260
TI  - [Early granulopoietic precursors in the peripheral blood and bone marrow the
      during blast transformation of chronic myeloleukemia].

PMID- 6596261
TI  - Nodule on the tongue.

PMID- 6596262
TI  - Ulcers on the gingiva.

PMID- 6596263
TI  - Tissue dessication and oral microlesions.

PMID- 6596264
TI  - Visible-light curing generators: an update.

PMID- 6596265
TI  - Mercury-vapor leakage from disposable capsules.

PMID- 6596266
TI  - The incidence of supernumerary teeth.

PMID- 6596267
TI  - Differentiating panic disorders from dental anxiety.

PMID- 6596268
TI  - Preprosthetic orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 6596269
TI  - Periodontal splinting: two conservative procedures.

PMID- 6596270
TI  - Rampant caries: a side effect of tricyclic antidepressant therapy.

PMID- 6596271
TI  - Periapical pathology mimicking a dentigerous cyst.

PMID- 6596272
TI  - The value of full-mouth radiographs in adults.

PMID- 6596273
TI  - Polypharmacologic xerostomia.

PMID- 6596274
TI  - Duration and type of pain of emergency patients.

PMID- 6596275
TI  - Etched-metal splint: a conservative approach to long-term splinting.

PMID- 6596276
TI  - Evaluation of the early strengths of seven amalgam alloys.

PMID- 6596277
TI  - Dentistry's literary tradition: information-age ally.

PMID- 6596278
TI  - Lump on the tongue.

PMID- 6596279
TI  - Orthodontic treatment methods. Part II.

PMID- 6596280
TI  - Challenges in use and removal of splints.

PMID- 6596281
TI  - Dental photography.

PMID- 6596282
TI  - AAFO's man of the year 1984 Dr. John Witzig. Interview by Dr. Craig C. Stoner.

PMID- 6596283
TI  - Metabolism of prostaglandin F2 alpha in the fetal circulation of the human term
      placenta in vitro.
AB  - The metabolism of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) was investigated in the
      fetal cotyledons of human term placentas by an in vitro perfusion technique. When
      80 nmol of 14C-PGF2 alpha was infused in 2 min into the chorionic artery, 56 +/-
      7% (mean +/- SEM, n = 7) of the infused radioactivity appeared in the
      nonrecirculating venous effluent in 6 min. Most of this radioactivity was as
      unmetabolized PGF2 alpha. Only 12 +/- 2% of the radioactivity in this venous
      effluent was as metabolites, the major metabolite being 13,14-dihydro-15-keto
      PGF2 alpha. During the following 2 min, 2 +/- 1% of the infused radioactivity
      appeared in the venous effluent. The fluid trickling through the decidual plate
      contained 5 +/- 1% of the infused radioactivity. After the perfusion 10-15% of
      the infused radioactivity was retained in the tissue, being mainly as 13,14
      dihydro-15-keto-PGF2 alpha. The oxygen consumption of the tissue was 0.4 +/- 0.1
      ml/100 g/min, which is adequate for vital placenta tissue. The study suggests
      that the metabolism of PGF2 alpha is negligible in the fetal circulation of the
      human term placenta.

PMID- 6596284
TI  - [Cooperation between orthodontists and neurologists].

PMID- 6596285
TI  - [Experimental studies on the effect of ovarian hormones on the development of rat
      mandibles].

PMID- 6596286
TI  - [Some peculiarities in the manifestation of connatal malformations of the dental
      organ].

PMID- 6596287
TI  - [Differential diagnosis and indications status in the therapy of class II
      anomalies].

PMID- 6596288
TI  - [Analysis of the effectiveness of the Frankel method for the treatment of distal
      bite].

PMID- 6596289
TI  - [Orthodontic-orthopedic combination treatment of large frontal overjet].

PMID- 6596290
TI  - [Recurrence in and following retention].

PMID- 6596291
TI  - Glutamine promotes colony formation in bone marrow and HL-60 cells; accelerates
      myeloid differentiation in induced HL-60 cells.
AB  - Several studies indicate that glutamine is a critical requirement for growth of
      cultured cells. The present studies describe the effect of deprivation of glucose
      or glutamine on mouse bone marrow cell or HL-60 cell colony formation in soft
      agar. The mouse bone marrow cells were induced to undergo granulocyte/macrophage
      type differentiation by colony-stimulating factor. Glutamine, but not glucose,
      was found to be an indispensable metabolite for the cloning of HL-60 cells or
      differentiated mouse bone marrow cells. In addition, the effect of glucose or
      glutamine on the rate of differentiation of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-induced HL
      60 cells in liquid culture was studied. Glutamine was found to be superior to
      glucose in its ability to support the proliferation and myeloid differentiation
      of HL-60 cells. When an optimal concentration of DMSO was used, the rate of
      differentiation of induced HL-60 cells was found to be a function of the
      concentration of glutamine. In addition to these studies glutamine utilization
      and product formation was studied in induced and uninduced HL-60 cells after 60
      min incubation with 1 mM initial glutamine concentration. The fractional
      distribution of the glutamine carbon into its metabolic products remained
      unchanged in induced versus uninduced HL-60 cells. However, the rate of
      utilization of glutamine and product formation by terminally differentiated HL-60
      cells was less than the rate of utilization of glutamine by undifferentiated HL
      60 cells. The data do not explain the role of glutamine in the complex process of
      differentiation but establish the critical requirements for glutamine, but not
      glucose, in myelopoiesis.

PMID- 6596292
TI  - Phenotypic characterization and functional activity of human milk macrophages.
AB  - A large population (about 80%) of the cells obtained from colostrum and early
      human milk were considered to be macrophages by the following criteria:
      nonspecific esterase stain, adherence, phagocytosis and IgG-Fc receptor
      expression. The majority of freshly isolated human milk macrophages (HMM phi)
      stain for the monocyte antigen OKM1. Another monocyte antigen, 61D3, was
      expressed only by 30% of HMM phi. Class II antigens were expressed by HMM phi.
      About 85% of the cells were DR-positive whereas 50% were DS-positive as assessed
      with a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against class II antigens.
      Monocyte and class II antigens were gradually lost during in vitro culture. HMM
      phi can support proliferative response to antigens and mitogens when cocultured
      with autologous peripheral T cells. The proliferative response was significantly
      reduced when monoclonal antibodies to DR or DS were added to the assay. These
      results indicate that HMM phi have the phenotype and functional characteristics
      of antigen presenting cells.

PMID- 6596293
TI  - Recognizing tongue related malocclusions.

PMID- 6596294
TI  - Myofunctional therapy and the practice of gnathologic orthopedics.

PMID- 6596295
TI  - Curettage: a new look at an old technique.

PMID- 6596296
TI  - A case of lichen planus: a clinical and histologic investigation during
      periodontal surgery.

PMID- 6596297
TI  - Subgingival penetration of an applied solution.

PMID- 6596299
TI  - Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system 1984.

PMID- 6596298
TI  - The role of immunomodulators in the production of lipid mediators by macrophages
      (M phi).
AB  - There is evidence indicating that bioreactive lipid mediators, PAF-acether
      (platelet-activating factor: 1-0-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) and
      arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites, are formed upon deacylation of ether lipids. M
      phi obtained from mice treated with the sterile irritant thioglycolate exhibited
      an impaired formation of PAF-acether, leucotrienes (LT) C4 and prostaglandins
      (PG). In order to assess whether the impaired formation in lipid mediators is a
      general feature of M phi found at inflammatory sites, we have compared the
      capacity of resident (R-M phi) and immunostimulant-activated M phi to release,
      upon a zymosan challenge, PAF-acether and cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase
      products. Activated M phi was obtained from mice injected intraperitoneally with
      non-viable C74 streptococci (St-M phi), bacilli Calmette-Guerin (BCG-M phi) or
      trehalose dimycolate (TDM-M phi), a defined immunostimulant isolated from
      Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All populations were capable of releasing PAF
      acether. However, the amount of cell-associated PAF-acether was reduced by 75-90%
      in activated M phi populations as compared to R-M phi. Although the
      acetyltransferase level was comparable, acetyl-CoA supplementation restored the
      formation of PAF-acether by activated M phi to control (R-M phi) level. The
      amount of 14C-AA metabolites released by St-M phi was much lower compared with
      TDM-M phi or R-M phi, as was the amount of LTC4 detected as SRS contractile
      activity after HPLC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6596300
TI  - The effect of parental HLA compatibility on the expression of paternal haplotypes
      in offspring.
AB  - The compatibility of HLA-A,-B expression between mother and offspring was
      examined in 410 families serologically tissue typed within a single transplant
      lab from 1972 thru 1982. The study group included 410 mothers of 1719 children
      (range 2-13/mother), with 352 one-father and 58 multiple-father families There
      were seven cases of monozygous twins and seven cases each of maternal and
      paternal allelic recombination. The degree of haplotype matching between the
      oldest offspring and subsequent siblings was within the expected range of
      distribution. The number of maternal HLA-A,-B antigens matched or mismatched with
      paternal antigens of the offspring did not show a significant difference between
      early born or late born siblings either in one-father or multiple-father
      families. In addition, where the mother showed significant sensitization to
      paternal HLA-A,-B antigens ther was no apparent selection against the
      incompatible paternal HLA antigens or associated haplotypes in subsequent
      offspring. These data suggest that maternal HLA compatibility with the father is
      not a significant selective factor in determining the expression of paternal
      haplotypes in offspring.

PMID- 6596301
TI  - The pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of ofloxacin.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of the 4-quinolone agent, ofloxacin, were studied in six
      healthy volunteers, following a 600 mg oral dose. The levels of the compound were
      measured by a microbiological assay in serum, blister fluid and urine. The
      compound was rapidly absorbed, the mean maximum concentration of ofloxacin being
      10.7 mg/l at 1.2 h. The mean serum elimination half-life was 7 h and 80.3% of the
      administered compound was recovered in the urine by 48 h. Ofloxacin penetrated
      the blister fluid well, the mean peak level being 5.2 mg/l at 5.3 h.

PMID- 6596302
TI  - Cefoxitin and imipenem (N-formimidoyl thienamycin) can be antagonistic to
      aztreonam.

PMID- 6596303
TI  - Preserving the referral-source practice of orthodontics.

PMID- 6596304
TI  - JCO interviews Dr. Weldon E. Bell on TMJ function and dysfunction.

PMID- 6596305
TI  - 3D instant space maintainer.

PMID- 6596306
TI  - Comparison of corrected-axis and straight lateral TMJ tomograms.

PMID- 6596307
TI  - The myelinated fibre content of human inferior alveolar nerves from dentate and
      edentulous subjects.

PMID- 6596308
TI  - Vertical dimension in edentulous patients.

PMID- 6596309
TI  - Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour of the jaws.

PMID- 6596310
TI  - Interpretation of intraoral periapical radiographs.

PMID- 6596311
TI  - A critique of the Tuccillo-Nielsen wheel method for tarnish testing of dental
      alloys.

PMID- 6596312
TI  - The success and failure of denture soft-lining materials in clinical use.

PMID- 6596313
TI  - Some clinical investigations of the masticatory performance of complete denture
      wearers.

PMID- 6596314
TI  - Presenting clinical features of mandibular pain dysfunction patients.

PMID- 6596315
TI  - Dispensing and weighing apparatus for alginate impression material.

PMID- 6596316
TI  - The dental educator.

PMID- 6596317
TI  - Legends of operative dentistry.

PMID- 6596318
TI  - Employment in dental offices. Another perspective on practice-busyness.

PMID- 6596319
TI  - Microassay for the photometric quantitation of cell-associated plasminogen
      activator using a chromogenic tripeptide substrate.
AB  - Plasminogen activator (PA), a neutral protease whose primary function is to
      convert plasminogen to plasmin, is produced by various cells including
      macrophages, monocytes, endothelial cells, and tumor cells. This study reports
      the use of the chromogenic tripeptide substrate D-Val-Leu-Lys-p-nitroanilide (S
      2251) and an automated microtiter plate reader spectrophotometer for the
      determination of PA activity in cells and fluids. There was a linear relationship
      between the time of incubation at 37 degrees C and the square root of the
      absorbance measured at 405 nm when urokinase was incubated with the substrate in
      the presence of plasminogen. There was no activity in the absence of plasminogen.
      The slopes of the lines (square root A 405/time) were directly related to the
      concentrations of urokinase, up through 0.05 CTA units. Using this assay, we
      determined the cellular activity of PA in human promyelocytic cells HL-60 (1.33
      +/- 0.12 CTA units/mg), human monocytoid cells U937 (1.27 +/- 0.12 CTA units/mg),
      mouse myeloid leukemia cells RFM/UN (0.70 +/- 0.07 CTA units/mg), freshly
      isolated normal human monocytes (0.00 +/- 0.00 CTA units/mg), and human monocytes
      after 7 days in culture (5.66 +/- 0.38 CTA units/mg). There was a variable amount
      of activity expressed in freshly isolated cells or cell lysates of peritoneal
      macrophages from normal mice, or mice that had gotten intraperitoneal injections
      of peptone, thioglycollate, or NaIO4, but after 24 or 48 h of culture, these
      activities, in general, increased. Using this assay, PA levels in the euglobulin
      precipitates from human plasma prepared without venous occlusion (0.03 +/- 0.02
      CTA units/mg protein) or after 5 min of venous occlusion of the arm (0.18 +/-
      0.01 CTA units/mg) were comparable to those reported by others using different
      assays. Thus, this represents a simple, rapid, accurate assay of PA that should
      be useful to those in immunology, cell biology, and clinical medicine.

PMID- 6596320
TI  - Case of the month. Stomatitis nicotina palatina.

PMID- 6596321
TI  - Interpret your X-rays. Carcinoma of the mandible.

PMID- 6596322
TI  - Study on role of plasma protein in periodontitis simplex.

PMID- 6596323
TI  - Useful supernumerary premolar--a case report.

PMID- 6596324
TI  - Gutta-percha points at apicoectomy to push or to pull. A scanning electron
      microscopic study.

PMID- 6596326
TI  - The location of the neonatal line in human enamel.

PMID- 6596325
TI  - Self attempted partial denture--a case report.

PMID- 6596327
TI  - Effect of drying on human periodontal ligament repair in vitro.

PMID- 6596328
TI  - [The preventive effectiveness of a toothpaste with a high fluoride content].

PMID- 6596329
TI  - Effect of carbohydrates on dental enamel. An in vitro study on enamel sections
      using the diffusion cell.

PMID- 6596330
TI  - Caries experience and oral cleanliness in the deciduous dentitions of Ibadan
      children from different social groups.

PMID- 6596331
TI  - Formocresol pulpotomies in primary teeth.

PMID- 6596332
TI  - The mesiodens teeth under an electron scanning microscope and X-ray
      microanalyser.

PMID- 6596333
TI  - [Treatment goals for surgical-orthodontic correction of mandibular prognathism].

PMID- 6596334
TI  - [The effect of orthopedic forces on the craniofacial complex using maxillary
      protraction--strain gage measurements].

PMID- 6596335
TI  - [Photoelastic effect of maxillary protraction on the craniofacial complex].

PMID- 6596337
TI  - [A histological study of the periodontal tissue changes during molar depression
      in rats].

PMID- 6596336
TI  - [Determination of the growth phase of Japanese adolescents].

PMID- 6596338
TI  - [Changes in overjet and overbite after orthodontic treatment of skeletal Class II
      (Angle C1. II div. 1) in Japanese females].

PMID- 6596339
TI  - [Tongue posture and mandibular position in patients with complete cleft lip and
      palate].

PMID- 6596340
TI  - [Cephalometric study of the morphological character of the mandible in the true
      mandibular protrusion group].

PMID- 6596342
TI  - [Dental arches: their shapes, forms and descriptors. 1. Typology and mathematical
      approximation of the dental arches].

PMID- 6596341
TI  - [The management of data from orthodontic patients using marked cards and a
      personal computer].

PMID- 6596343
TI  - [Therapeutic approach to the terminal phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
      based on clinical types].

PMID- 6596344
TI  - [Isolation and identification of Bacteroides gingivalis in rapidly progressing
      periodontitis in Koreans].

PMID- 6596345
TI  - [A clinical study of the occlusal contact pattern in centric and eccentric
      occlusion].

PMID- 6596346
TI  - [Clinical observation of out-patients treated by operative dentistry at the
      Infirmary of the Won Kwang Dental College].

PMID- 6596347
TI  - [Pathological study of the incidence of oral cancer in Koreans].

PMID- 6596348
TI  - [Biological effects of nickel-containing dental alloys].

PMID- 6596349
TI  - [Gold alloys].

PMID- 6596350
TI  - [Base metal casting alloys for removable prosthetics].

PMID- 6596351
TI  - [Casting shrinkage and expansion of investment].

PMID- 6596352
TI  - [Changes in the blood picture following the extraction of impacted teeth].

PMID- 6596353
TI  - A study on the measurement accuracy and linearity of the mandibular kinesiograph.

PMID- 6596354
TI  - A study to expand the linear range of the mandibular kinesiograph.

PMID- 6596356
TI  - Proceedings of the II International Tinnitus Seminar. New York, 10-11 June 1983.

PMID- 6596355
TI  - [An experimental study of the effect of lasers on base metal alloys used for
      dental casting].

PMID- 6596357
TI  - Objective evaluation: quantitative assessment and measurement of tinnitus;
      clinical experience.

PMID- 6596358
TI  - Characteristics of tinnitus and related observations in over 1800 tinnitus clinic
      patients.
AB  - This report has provided a brief survey of the Tinnitus Clinic population as it
      appeared near the end of 1981, when 1806 patients had been seen. That number is
      probably sufficient to provide satisfactory statistical reliability for the
      observations cited here. It should be mentioned that the Tinnitus Clinic has
      continued to accumulate cases, at the approximate rate of 30 per month, and at
      this writing the total number of patients seen to date is over 2300. The data
      obtained from the first 1806 patients were collected under conditions that were
      not as homogeneous as those prevailing now, in that standardized testing
      equipment was not available until January 1979, and testing techniques were
      continuing to be revised even after that time. In addition a major revision of
      the patient questionnaires was undertaken late in 1981, with the result that much
      more detailed information is being obtained than was formerly possible using the
      old questionnaire format. Thus, we can anticipate that the next such survey of
      the Tinnitus Clinic population will offer considerably expanded and more detailed
      types of observations than those presented here.

PMID- 6596359
TI  - Clinical concepts of tinnitus.

PMID- 6596360
TI  - Mechanics of tinnitus--theory and fact.

PMID- 6596362
TI  - Epidemiology of tinnitus: (1) prevalence.

PMID- 6596361
TI  - The tinnitus sufferer--the responsibility of the professional.

PMID- 6596363
TI  - The influence of the age at which the palate is closed on speech in the adult
      cleft patient.
AB  - A follow-up study was done on adult cleft patients with a total unilateral cleft
      with regard to the influence of the time of closure of the palate on speech. It
      was established that postponement of surgery of the palate from 3 to 6 years did
      not influence the ultimate result in respect of speech. One of the interesting
      findings was that in those patients who were operated on at the age of 3 there
      were more compensations than in those patients who were operated on at the age of
      6. Pharyngoplasty did produce a satisfactory obturation between nasopharynx and
      the oral cavity in both age groups, but the ultimate quality of speech was
      clearly inferior to those patients who were not subjected to pharyngoplasty.

PMID- 6596364
TI  - The influence of the age at which the palate is closed on the rhinological and
      otological condition in the adult cleft patient.
AB  - A comparative study was made of the otological and rhinological conditions at
      adult age of two groups of patients with unilateral total
      cheilognathopalatoschisis. In group A (51 patients), the palate was closed around
      the 3rd year of life, in group B (54 patients), around 6th year. All patients
      were operated on with an identical technique, by the same surgeon. There was no
      difference between the two groups in regard to permanent loss of auditory acuity;
      however, nasal patency appeared to be better in patients in group A than in those
      of group B.

PMID- 6596365
TI  - Trauma of the upper third of the face. Management and follow-up.
AB  - Of 407 patients with facial fractures who were operated on at the Department of
      Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University Hospital, Nijmegen, over a 3-year
      period, 23 had a fracture in the nasofrontal region with or without extension to
      the base of the skull. The problems and results of the treatment of these
      fractures are presented, with special reference to the management of the frontal
      sinus lesions, the lacrimal system, and the reconstruction of the nasal skeleton
      and canthal attachments. The postoperative complications and sequellae are
      discussed. Most prominent features are ocular problems and unsatisfactory nasal
      contour. Conclusions which could contribute to the proper therapeutic management
      are drawn.

PMID- 6596366
TI  - Fractures of the facial skeleton in the edentulous patient.
AB  - An evaluation was made of 112 fractures that occurred in 66 edentulous patients
      in a 10 year period. There was an average of 1.7 fractures per person. 104
      fractures occurred in the mandible and 75% of these were treated without
      intermaxillary fixation or were not treated at all. In 28.5% of the cases no
      treatment was provided other than soft or liquid diet and appropriate
      instructions. As a group, the condylar fractures were those that were left with
      no treatment to a greater extent than any other group, apart from the Le Fort
      type of fracture; the latter being very few in absolute numbers. The age group
      associated with the edentulous state quite often suffers from conditions that may
      prohibit aggressive treatment. These conditions may be aggravated by the accident
      and, by the time the patient is ready for maxillofacial surgery, one has to
      contemplate (and discuss with the patient) the advantages and disadvantages of a
      procedure. It appears that aesthetics are of minor importance (to a certain
      degree) for elderly patients and small deviations from the normal (both in
      appearance and function) are acceptable to them, considering the prospect of an
      operation or of the prolonged discomfort, such as that associated with
      intermaxillary fixation. The advisability of the latter should be assessed
      carefully in view of the respiratory impairment that it may cause in patients
      whose airway may already be compromised.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6596367
TI  - Facial fractures--the results of a prospective four-year-study.
AB  - A prospective four-year-study of 945 fractures of the facial skeleton is
      presented. Details of facial trauma were collected in patients referred from the
      Bradford and Airedale Districts of West Yorkshire, England, an area with a
      population slightly in excess of half a million. Statistical analysis shows
      variations from previously published papers, the male to female ratio being under
      2.6:1, with an average of 1.15 fractures per patient. A relatively high incidence
      of sports fractures is reported but the number of industrial accidents is
      surprisingly low. The majority of patients seen were in their third decade, the
      mean age being just over 25 years. The analysis also reveals that a high
      percentage of fractures were treated conservatively.

PMID- 6596368
TI  - Osteoplastic surgery of the sinus maxillaris--the "bone lid"-method.
AB  - During osteoplastic surgery of the maxillary sinus the surgical defect in the
      lateral wall of the maxillary sinus is re-closed by means of free reimplantation
      of the "bone lid", which had been temporarily removed together with the integral
      mucosa, during creation of the access. This "bone lid"-method has so far been
      employed successfully in approx. 600 cases. For covering the basal area of the
      bone lesion of the drainage window to the lower nasal passage, created during
      surgery by means of a flap of mucosa and periosteum, a novel type of tamponade
      using an inflatable balloon was tested. The following pages report on the
      surgical techniques employed and on systematic follow-up investigations.

PMID- 6596369
TI  - Intraoral or extraoral approach in oblique sliding osteotomy of the mandibular
      ramus. A cephalometric study.
AB  - Positional changes of the mandible after oblique sliding osteotomy of the
      mandibular rami were investigated by means of cephalometric analysis. The patient
      material comprised 40 patients. Twenty patients were operated upon using an
      extraoral approach and 20 were operated on using an intraoral approach. The
      patients were followed up with lateral cephalograms for 18 months after
      operation. In both groups, a posterior rotation of the mandible took place during
      the fixation period. This rotation gave a further retro-displacement of gnathion
      and a shortening of posterior facial height. The incidence of patients with
      considerable posterior rotation of the mandible was higher in the intraoral than
      in the extraoral group. The difference between the means of the changes in the
      mandibular plane angle (dEO = 4.9 degrees, dIO = 6.3 degrees) of the groups was,
      however, not statistically significant. Nor was there any significant difference
      in relapse between the two groups after release of the fixation.

PMID- 6596370
TI  - Angioglomoid tumour of the mandible. A case report.
AB  - A case of an angioglomoid tumour of bone occurring in the mandible is presented.
      The lesion is characterized by epithelioid and endothelioid cells that exhibit
      single and multilayered rings with a central signet ring-like cell suggesting
      vascular differentiation. These cells are arranged in strands and nests that are
      dispersed in a myxoid stroma. Radical resection of the involved mandibular bone
      was followed by a recurrence of the tumour in the interposed graft after 7 years.
      A second radical operation provided permanent cure as is demonstrated by a
      disease-free interval of 10 years. Histological features permitting the
      differentiation from other central jaw tumours are discussed.

PMID- 6596371
TI  - Management of post-insertion problems in complete denture treatment. Part II:
      Problems associated with soft tissues and psychosomatic causes.

PMID- 6596372
TI  - Agenesis of a primary and permanent incisor associated with a mesiodens. A case
      report.

PMID- 6596373
TI  - Benign cementoblastoma: a case report.

PMID- 6596374
TI  - Career decisions of pre-dental students: influences of dentist and nondentist
      parents.

PMID- 6596375
TI  - Drugs and oral health.

PMID- 6596376
TI  - Herpes simplex infections in the dental practice.

PMID- 6596377
TI  - A profile of selected dental practices in three Maryland counties.

PMID- 6596378
TI  - Treating dental phobias through past life therapy. A case report.

PMID- 6596380
TI  - Disease or morality?

PMID- 6596379
TI  - A clinico-pathological presentation. Ameloblastic fibroma.

PMID- 6596381
TI  - "TMJ" triad of dysfunctions: a biologic basis of diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 6596382
TI  - A meniscal view of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6596383
TI  - Simple, reversible, low-cost, effective TMJ treatment.

PMID- 6596384
TI  - Acupuncture.

PMID- 6596385
TI  - Pocket elimination with chemical root surface therapy.

PMID- 6596386
TI  - Periapical actinomycosis.

PMID- 6596387
TI  - Nonsurgical retreatment of a postsurgical endodontic failure.

PMID- 6596388
TI  - Effective one-visit therapy for the acute periapical abscess.

PMID- 6596389
TI  - The effect of intramuscular injection of steroid on posttreatment endodontic
      pain.

PMID- 6596390
TI  - The tubal mucosa of experimentally induced hydrosalpinx in rabbits: a light and
      scanning electron microscopic study.

PMID- 6596391
TI  - Catheter appendicostomy and T-tube enterostomy for lower ileal lesions in infants
      and children.

PMID- 6596392
TI  - Giant-cell tumor of bone: analysis of 15 surgically treated cases.

PMID- 6596393
TI  - Cervico-cerebral artery dissection.

PMID- 6596394
TI  - Pulmonary aspergillosis complicating bronchogenic carcinoma--a report of 2 cases.

PMID- 6596395
TI  - Application of a thin-layer chromatography microtechnique for the screening of
      aminoacidurias in 3,165 Chinese newborns.

PMID- 6596397
TI  - Hemodynamic and electrophysiological studies after intracardiac repair of
      tetralogy of Fallot.

PMID- 6596396
TI  - Ultrastructural changes of microvasculature in ischemic myocardium during open
      heart surgery.

PMID- 6596398
TI  - Does plasma lipid change during therapy with calcium antagonists?

PMID- 6596399
TI  - Influences of age and body height on central somatosensory conduction time in
      normal subjects.

PMID- 6596401
TI  - The persistency of visualization of the gall bladder after oral cholecystography
      combined with intravenous cholangiography.

PMID- 6596400
TI  - Derangement of plasma amino acids in severely ill patients.

PMID- 6596402
TI  - Serological investigation on autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

PMID- 6596403
TI  - Clonorchiasis with clinical presentation of Loffler's syndrome. A case report.

PMID- 6596404
TI  - [Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa with localized congenital absence of skin. A
      case report].

PMID- 6596405
TI  - Use of a synthetic oligonucleotide to identify a chromosomal gene for
      chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in a plasmid-bearing Flavobacterium.
AB  - A micro-organism previously designated Flavobacterium sp. CB60 is resistant to
      chloramphenicol as a consequence of antibiotic acetylation by the enzyme
      chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and subsequent degradation of the acetylated
      product by co-metabolism. Although a 15.6 kb plasmid (pCB60) was demonstrated in
      this Flavobacterium strain, it did not appear to play a role in chloramphenicol
      acetylation. DNA hybridization was used to identify a fragment of DNA
      presumptively carrying the cat gene. The sequence of the synthetic probe was
      based upon known nucleotide sequences corresponding to the highly-conserved
      active site region of several chloramphenicol acetyltransferase variants. The
      structural gene for the enzyme in strain CB60 appeared to be chromosomal since
      the radioactive probe hybridized with a unique restriction fragment from
      chromosomal DNA but failed to do so with the DNA of plasmid pCB60.

PMID- 6596406
TI  - HLA-DR in meningopolyneuritis of Garin-Bujadoux-Bannwarth: contrast to Lyme
      disease?
AB  - Sixteen patients with meningopolyneuritis of Garin-Bujadoux-Bannwarth (MPN-GBB)
      were examined for HLA-DR antigens. In contrast to data in Lyme disease (LD),
      which is caused by an identical or closely related spirochete, no significant
      association was found between the neurological disease and HLA-DR. The reported
      association between neurological disease and HLA-DR2 in LD may be due to the
      inclusion of cases with neurological disease and arthritis, since chronic
      arthritis in LD seems to be well correlated with HLA-DR2.

PMID- 6596407
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of alkaline phosphatase in fish enamel organ
      (Oplegnathus fasciatus).

PMID- 6596408
TI  - Dimensional changes of amalgam as measured by the "Double-cap" method.

PMID- 6596409
TI  - A study on sex determination based on mandibular canines--by Moire topography.

PMID- 6596410
TI  - Cell affinity of synthesized hydroxyapatite sintered ceramics--the effect exerted
      on the growth and colony-forming ability of L1210 cells.

PMID- 6596411
TI  - ABC's periodontics: "H" is for hyperplasia of the gingiva.

PMID- 6596412
TI  - The role of geriatric dentistry for the present and the future.

PMID- 6596413
TI  - Handwashing review.

PMID- 6596414
TI  - ABC's periodontics. "I" is for iatrogenic dentistry.

PMID- 6596415
TI  - Suggestions for improving the performance of the dental office sterilizer.

PMID- 6596416
TI  - Survey of professional use of topical fluorides for adult patients among Isaac
      Knapp Dental Hygienists.

PMID- 6596417
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of juvenile periodontal disease.

PMID- 6596418
TI  - Determining the caries at-risk child: Part I--Focal demineralization in
      children's teeth.

PMID- 6596419
TI  - Determining the caries at-risk child: Part II--Assessment of initial caries in
      the permanent dentition of children.

PMID- 6596420
TI  - Fixed inclined plane correction of anterior cross bite of the primary dentition.

PMID- 6596421
TI  - The treatment of hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta in a young adolescent.

PMID- 6596422
TI  - The effect of root planing and citric acid applications on flap healing in
      humans. A histologic evaluation.
AB  - Four human teeth and their facial gingival attachment were removed en block 3
      months after periodontal flap therapy and citric acid root conditioning and then
      prepared for histologic evaluation. At the time of periodontal surgery, and prior
      to citric acid application, the facial root surface was grooved at midline and
      citric acid was applied only to one-half of each root surface. Tissues were
      decalcified and histologically prepared as horizontally oriented, step serial
      sections from the level of the gingival margin to the level of the facial crest.
      The gingival margins demonstrated reformation of a crevice. The corium at this
      level showed a mild inflammatory infiltrate. Apical to this level, junctional
      epithelium adhered to both sides of the root surface and to the central groove.
      Further apically, supracrestal fiber groups were encountered. No new cementum was
      noted in these areas. Fiber attachment was present apical to this level. Since no
      new cementum was seen at this area of attachment, it may represent collagen
      attachment present prior to periodontal surgery. In the four specimens examined,
      no differences were seen in the soft tissue closures between the root-planed
      citric acid-treated root surfaces and root surfaces which received root planing
      alone.

PMID- 6596423
TI  - Periosteal ossifying fibroma of the palate.
AB  - An unusual case of the ossifying fibroma of a 54-year-old woman is reported.
      Clinically the lesion appeared as an exophytic mass on the hard palate and
      apparently originated outside of bone. Histologically the resected tumor is well
      encapsulated and made up of a richly cellular fibroblastic stroma containing foci
      of mature bone with a predominantly lamellar structure. While the possibility
      exists that the lesion is reactive, it appears to be a true neoplastic growth and
      a purely soft tissue process arising from the periosteum of the palate. Thus, we
      proposed the term periosteal ossifying fibroma for this distinct lesion in order
      to distinguish it from the common peripheral ossifying fibroma.

PMID- 6596424
TI  - The toothbrush and gingival traumatic injury.
AB  - This paper explores, by means of clinical observation, toothbrush misuse and its
      relationship to gingival recession/clefting. The morphology of the lesions
      created is correlated with the vigor, duration, frequency and direction of the
      toothbrush abuse. In addition, histologic observations of biopsied tissue from
      different types of clefts and recessions are used as a basis for discussion of
      the possible pathogenesis of this type of lesion.

PMID- 6596425
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of three dentifrices in relieving dentin
      sensitivity.
AB  - It has been reported that sensitive dentin is present in no less than one of
      seven normal patients with a higher incidence among postperiodontal therapy
      patients. Numerous agents have been developed to relieve this sensitivity without
      any being universally acceptable. Two new dentifrices, Protect and Protect with
      fluoride were compared clinically with Sensodyne to determine the relative
      ability of these three products to relieve both thermal and tactile sensitivity
      in sensitive dentin. Double blind analyses were completed and results compared
      using appropriate statistical tests for each hypothesis tested. The three
      dentifrices relieved both tactile and thermal sensitivity, but there was no
      statistical difference at 8 weeks between the three agents. There was a
      difference in the time it took the dentifrices to achieve a statistically
      significant reduction in dentin sensitivity.

PMID- 6596426
TI  - Multiple forms of aryl sulfotransferase for acetaminophen sulfate conjugation in
      rat liver cytosol.
AB  - The multiplicity of aryl sulfotransferase (phenol sulfotransferase, PST) in
      acetaminophen (APAP) sulfate conjugation was studied in rat liver cytosol. The
      sulfation rate showed the optimal pH of about 9 similar to that in the phenolic
      monoamine sulfation. And another optimal pH of about 6.4 was found at the higher
      APAP concentration such as 16 mM, suggesting the existence of the PST
      multiplicity in the APAP sulfation. The effect of thermal treatment at various
      temperatures, 37 to 41 degrees C, showed that PST catalyzing the sulfation at the
      lower APAP concentration (about less than 1 mM) is more thermolabile and has the
      lower Km for APAP than at the higher APAP concentration. The APAP sulfation at
      microM order APAP in the presence of p-nitrophenol (PNP) was shown to be
      decreased by the substrate inhibition of PNP to PST. Consequently it is
      considered the sulfation at the lower APAP concentration (microM order) is mainly
      catalyzed by the thermolabile PST with the lower Km for APAP, and at the higher
      APAP concentration the thermostable PST with the higher Km partially contributes
      to the sulfation.

PMID- 6596427
TI  - Physical model approach to gastrointestinal absorption of prostaglandins II: In
      situ rat intestinal absorption of dinoprost.
AB  - In situ absorption studies with dinoprost in the rat jejunum were carried out
      using a modified Doluisio technique. The absorption rate was first order. There
      was a sigmoidal decrease in the rate with increasing buffer pH (from 3.5 to 9.5),
      which strongly indicated the partitioning of weak acid species into the lipoidal
      membrane. An asymptotic minimum rate was attained from buffer pH 7.5 to 9.5,
      operationally indicative of transport of anions across aqueous pores. The
      importance of the aqueous diffusion layer on the mucosal side of the membrane was
      evident; rates at pH 3.5 and 4.5 were faster at high agitation hydrodynamics in
      the lumen solution. Preliminary studies showed that there was no metabolism in
      the lumenal solution and that metabolism occurred within the membrane. The
      transport mechanism involved simultaneous passive diffusion and bioconversion in
      the membrane because (a) a 1.5 X 10(4)-fold range in dinoprost concentration
      (0.014-210 microM) showed no saturable carrier-mediated tendency on the rate, (b)
      iodoacetic acid and indomethacin did not inhibit the absorption rate, and (c) the
      shape of the absorption-pH profiles was suggestive of passive diffusion. The
      prostaglandin did not have apparent adverse membrane and vascular effects under
      the conditions employed. The quantification and factorization of the physically
      meaningful transport parameters were accomplished using the physical model
      previously described. The permeability coefficients of the aqueous diffusion
      layer for the oscillation and static hydrodynamic situations were 0.8 X 10(-4)
      and 1.7 X 10(-4) cm/s, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6596428
TI  - Physical model approach to gastrointestinal absorption of prostaglandins III: In
      situ rat intestinal absorption of dinoprostone.
AB  - In situ absorption studies with dinoprostone in the rat jejunum were carried out
      to provide a quantitative mechanistic insight of the absorption process. The
      variables included buffer pH (3.5-9.5), buffer capacity, hydro-dynamics in the
      lumen, and concentration. The disappearance kinetics from the lumen was first
      order. The rate decreased with increasing pH in a sigmoidal manner and reached a
      minimum at about pH 9. These results indicate the effects of the partitioning of
      nondissociated species in the lipoidal membrane and transport across aqueous
      pores. The rate was higher with the higher degree of agitation of the lumenal
      solution. Between two hydrodynamic situations, the differences in the rates were
      large at pH 4.5 where the transport was largely aqueous diffusion controlled and
      then tended to become smaller with increasing pH where the transport became
      effectively membrane controlled. The 15-oxo- and 13,14-dihydro-15-oxo metabolites
      of dinoprostone were found. The physical model was applied to quantify the
      permeability coefficients of the aqueous diffusion layer and the aqueous pores of
      the membrane and the effective membrane transport-bioconversion permeability
      coefficient at various pH values. The overall absorption dinoprostone was similar
      to that of the less lipophilic dinoprost reported earlier and also more rapid.
      Hence, baseline absorption studies were completed with two major reference
      prostaglandins from which estimations of intestinal absorption can be made for
      their analogues and derivatives.

PMID- 6596429
TI  - H-Y antigen and immunity: a means for controlling the secondary sex ratio?
AB  - C57BL/6J female mice were splenectomized and then sensitized to the H-Y antigen
      by means of grafts of H-Y incompatible skin and injections of spleen cells from
      syngeneic males. When subsequently mated to syngeneic males the secondary sex
      ratio of progeny born was significantly greater than that of controls. However,
      the effect was manifest only among the progeny of later litters (i.e., 3, 4, 5)
      suggesting that repeated exposure to the H-Y antigen during the course of
      pregnancy was essential to bring about demonstrable immunoregulatory changes.

PMID- 6596430
TI  - Muscle pathology in primary fibromyalgia syndrome: a light microscopic,
      histochemical and ultrastructural study.
AB  - Upper medial trapezius muscle biopsy was obtained from 12 primary fibromyalgia
      syndrome (PFS) patients (age 17 to 40 years) and studied with histochemistry,
      light and electron microscopy (EM). No evidence of inflammation was found in any
      case. Significant histochemical abnormalities were Type II fiber atrophy in 7 and
      moth-eaten appearance of Type I fibers in 5. EM revealed segmental muscle fiber
      necrosis with lipid and glycogen deposition as well as subsarcolemmal
      mitochondrial accumulation in all cases. Papillary projections of sarcolemmal
      membrane were seen in 11 patients. These observations in 12 PFS cases without
      obvious muscle trauma indicate definite but nonspecific muscle changes which we
      suspect are secondary to chronic muscle spasm and ischemia of unknown etiology.

PMID- 6596431
TI  - Fibrositis (Fibromyalgia) in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - We studied demographic socioeconomic and clinical characteristics of 38 patients
      with fibrositis (fibromyalgia) that occurred in association with rheumatoid
      arthritis (RAFIB) and 242 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) alone. Fewer
      RAFIB patients were married (57.1%), and most (97.4%) were women. No
      statistically significant differences in income, medical expenditures or other
      demographic variables were identified. All measures of function, pain, disease
      activity and psychological status were more abnormal in RAFIB patients. The
      clinical characteristics that best differentiated RAFIB and RA patients were
      pain, depression, anxiety and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, in logistic and
      stepwise regression models. Evaluation of disease severity markers, including
      radiographic erosions and frequency of total joint replacement, suggested that
      disease severity in RAFIB and RA is similar.

PMID- 6596432
TI  - Selective use of psychosedatives in the management of young dental patients.

PMID- 6596434
TI  - The arrival of franchise dentistry.

PMID- 6596435
TI  - Advanced education in implant dentistry.

PMID- 6596433
TI  - The triad of practice management.

PMID- 6596436
TI  - Ultrastructural surface topography of the single crystal sapphire endosseous
      dental implant.

PMID- 6596437
TI  - Susceptibility of spirochetes and motile rods colonizing human dental implants to
      inorganic salts: therapeutic implications.

PMID- 6596438
TI  - Follow-up findings in oral implants.

PMID- 6596439
TI  - A study of the immediate host response to minor oral surgery--implications for
      endosseous dental implants.

PMID- 6596441
TI  - Psychological evaluation of implant patients. Part II.

PMID- 6596440
TI  - Vital homogeneous tooth transplant procedure and solutions to possible problems.

PMID- 6596442
TI  - The treatment of myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome.

PMID- 6596443
TI  - The soft centric technique.

PMID- 6596444
TI  - Peptic ulcers: facts and myths.

PMID- 6596446
TI  - [Small-dose cytarabine (Ara-C) in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome].

PMID- 6596445
TI  - [Combination therapy of vincristine and diltiazem in children with acute
      lymphocytic leukemia resistant to vincristine during bone marrow relapse].

PMID- 6596447
TI  - [A case of sideroblastic anemia terminating in TdT-positive acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia].

PMID- 6596450
TI  - [Heterogeneity of granulocyte chemiluminescence in chronic myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 6596448
TI  - [Three cases of acute myeloid leukemia in children with 8;21 translocation and
      missing Y chromosome--cytochemical and ultrastructural study].

PMID- 6596449
TI  - [Remission induction with vincristine and prednisolone alone in adult acute
      lymphocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6596451
TI  - [A case report of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia--therapeutic effect of VP 16
      213 and cytosine arabinoside].

PMID- 6596452
TI  - [An abnormal blastic form observed in a case of L3 ALL in a child].

PMID- 6596453
TI  - [A case of juvenile chronic myelocytic leukemia with prominent erythroblastosis-
      studies on erythropoietin-dependent erythropoiesis].

PMID- 6596454
TI  - In vitro treatment of human acute lymphocytic leukemia cells in bone marrow with
      a cocktail of monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - Human leukemic cells which bear antigens present on the common acute lymphocytic
      leukemia (ALL) cell surface can be lysed with murine monoclonal antibodies and
      baby rabbit complement. With NALM-6 cells used as target cells, the optimal
      conditions for completely eliminating the cells in vitro have been defined. The
      antibody cocktail plus complement is more effective than any single antibody plus
      complement in lysing the target cells. Optimal lysis is obtained when the
      antibody cocktail at 10 micrograms/ml for each antibody and baby rabbit
      complement at a final dilution of 1:6 are used. Leukemic cells from two newly
      diagnosed ALL patients were also effectively killed by this treatment. Of special
      interest is the finding that human complement can be used in place of baby rabbit
      complement.

PMID- 6596455
TI  - A cultured cell line established in vitro from human osteosarcoma.

PMID- 6596456
TI  - [Correlation between serum lipid level and coronary bed lesions in patients with
      ischemic heart disease].
AB  - The blood lipid levels were collated with the atherosclerotic damage to the
      coronary bed in 124 patients with coronary heart disease. An increase in the
      content of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol directly
      correlated with the degree of the total lesion of the coronary bed. The
      concentrations of high density cholesterol and very low density cholesterol and
      the atherogenicity index showed no correlation with the severity of
      atherosclerotic changes in the coronary arteries. The level of triglycerides in
      these patients displayed a tendency to increase. In evaluating the severity of
      coronary heart disease, it is recommended to determine the levels of total
      cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Changes in the concentration
      of high density lipoprotein cholesterol are unreliable for assessing the degree
      of coronary atherosclerosis.

PMID- 6596457
TI  - [Effect of diuretics on the humoral system of kidney prostaglandins in
      hypertension patients].
AB  - Sixty-four patients with stage IIB essential hypertension were examined for the
      urinary excretion of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha, natriuresis and diuresis in
      the control period and then on the 3rd, and the 12th-14th day of the treatment
      with diuretics (furosemid, hypotiazid, oxodolin, brinaldix). All diuretics were
      found to alter the urinary PG excretion, with the degree of their effect
      depending on the type of the drug, the route and duration of its administration.
      Furosemid, to a greater degree than other diuretics, increased the urinary
      excretion of PGE2 thus bringing down the PGF2 alpha/PGE2 ratio, brinaldix
      increased PGF2 alpha excretion whereas hypotiazid, in cases of its prolonged
      employment, reduced the excretion of both PGs, the PGF2 alpha decrease being more
      prominent. PGE2 contributed to a decrease in BP and to the development of
      natriuresis. The physiological effect of PGF2 alpha depended on the status of the
      water-electrolyte balance in the body: in patients with IIB stage essential
      hypertension it facilitated the development of natriuresis and BP decrease. When
      following the administration of the diuretics the balance of sodium and water in
      the body lowered, PGF2 alpha caused the retention of sodium and water in the body
      and did not affect the BP.

PMID- 6596458
TI  - Pressure natriuresis and prostaglandin secretion by perfused rat kidney.
AB  - Isolated rat kidneys respond to elevations of perfusion pressure with an increase
      in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), filtration fraction (FF), and sodium
      excretion (UNaV) and a fall in fractional sodium reabsorption (FRNa). Significant
      linear correlations exist between each of these dependent variables and the renal
      artery pressure (P). In control kidneys, pressure natriuresis is seen to result
      both from an increase in filtered sodium load and a decrease in FRNa. In kidneys
      treated with indomethacin in doses which curtail the release into the perfusate
      of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the prostacyclin metabolite, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha,
      the regression lines relating GFR, FF, and UNaV to P are shifted to the right.
      Thus, prostaglandin-inhibited kidneys require higher pressures than control
      kidneys to maintain comparable rates of filtration and sodium excretion. Total
      renal vascular resistance (RVR) is also higher in inhibited kidneys. These
      findings suggest that in the isolated perfused rat kidney, prostaglandins promote
      pressure natriuresis by maintaining afferent arteriolar dilation. Their
      inhibition leads to afferent constriction, which raises RVR, lowers FF and GFR,
      and reduces sodium excretion.

PMID- 6596459
TI  - Analysis of peritoneal macrophages in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
      patients.
AB  - Peritoneal macrophages (PMC) from patients undergoing continuous ambulatory
      peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were compared to peritoneal macrophages from healthy
      volunteers and to peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) from CAPD patients,
      hemodialysis patients, and healthy volunteers. PMC from CAPD patients had
      morphology similar to PMC and PBM from healthy volunteers. HLA-DR antigen and Fc
      receptors were present on the cell surface. These monocytes had similar
      sequential morphologic changes in long-term culture compared to PBM from healthy
      volunteers. Phagocytosis, hydrogen peroxide generation and bactericidal activity
      were the same in PMC from CAPD patients as in PBM from healthy volunteers.
      Chemotaxis and eicosanoid precursor uptake studies suggest that PMC from CAPD
      patients may be relatively immature bone-marrow-derived cells. Although these
      cells function well as phagocytes, further study is warranted to define their
      immune competence, many components of which develop during differentiation into
      mature macrophages and may therefore be deficient in patients undergoing CAPD.

PMID- 6596461
TI  - Monocytic leukemia in a greater bushbaby (Galago crassicaudatus argentatus).

PMID- 6596462
TI  - Carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus--long-term survival.

PMID- 6596460
TI  - [Imbalances of neutral plasma amino acids as a pathogenetic factor in anorexia].
AB  - Studies in anorectic tumor-bearing rats indicate that anorexia is correlated to
      imbalances of neutral amino acids in blood and CNS. Consequently plasma amino
      acids of patients with neoplastic and non-neoplastic internal diseases were
      studied during phases of anorexia; special regard was given to the precursors of
      dopamine and serotonin. Anorectic patients were compared to non-anorectic
      patients with neoplasia. During anorexia, plasma levels of valine and leucine and
      hence the ratio of the molar concentrations of Val + Leu + Ile/Phe + Tyr were
      significantly decreased in each anorectic patient as compared to non-anorectic
      patients whose ratios were always within the normal ranges. As aromatic and
      branched-chain amino acids compete for penetration of the blood brain barrier,
      the decrease of the amino acid ratio may induce a raised flux of phenylalanine
      and tyrosine into the CNS which results in an increased activation of
      dopaminergic neurons--known to cause anorexia.

PMID- 6596463
TI  - Rapid development of myeloma in a patient with Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 6596464
TI  - Unilateral hyperlucency on chest radiograph.

PMID- 6596465
TI  - Factors influencing the distribution of black physicians in South Carolina.

PMID- 6596466
TI  - The child with tics.

PMID- 6596467
TI  - [Peaceful sleep by patients--a desire by patients' families].

PMID- 6596468
TI  - What role will composite resins have (vs. porcelain) in the future?

PMID- 6596469
TI  - The case for direct mail marketing.

PMID- 6596470
TI  - How to develop a pricing strategy: why cost cutting won't work.

PMID- 6596471
TI  - The game plan to success: a management program.

PMID- 6596472
TI  - How to find the right employee. Interviewing: Part I.

PMID- 6596473
TI  - Closing a sale with style.

PMID- 6596474
TI  - [Erythrocyte metabolism in patients with acute leukemia and a deficiency of the
      enzyme pyruvate kinase].

PMID- 6596475
TI  - [Value of indirect determination of leukemic infiltration of the liver based on
      clinical findings and findings in the bone marrow and peripheral blood in
      patients with chronic leukemia].

PMID- 6596477
TI  - Dimethylsulfoxide induces aneuploidy in a fungal test system.
AB  - Errors in chromosome segregation leading to numerical anomalies appear to be
      unusually frequent in Man and consequently a large proportion of conceptions in
      our species are aneuploid. Concern has been expressed that this frequency may be
      increased still further following exposure to inducing substances (trisomigens)
      present in the environment. We have been developing a fungal test system to
      screen for such trisomigens and in this paper we report its use in detecting
      induction following exposure to dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). In our system DMSO
      induces segregational errors at both the first and second meiotic division. The
      results also show that increases in aneuploidy are proportional to the underlying
      spontaneous frequency. If this finding is generally true it will be especially
      important to avoid exposure to trisomigens as Man might be especially vulnerable
      to them.

PMID- 6596476
TI  - The 5S ribosomal RNA gene clusters in Tetrahymena thermophila: strain
      differences, chromosomal localization, and loss during micronuclear ageing.
AB  - The organization of the 5S genes in the genome of Tetrahymena thermophila was
      examined in various strains, with germinal ageing, and the 5S gene clusters were
      mapped to the MIC chromosomes. When MIC or MAC DNA is cut with the restriction
      enzyme EcoRI, electrophoresed, blotted, and probed with a 5S rDNA probe, the
      banding patterns represent the clusters of the 5S rRNA genes as well as flanking
      regions. The use of long gels and 60 h of electrophoresis at 10 mA permitted
      resolution of some 30-35 5S gene clusters on fragments ranging in size from 30-2
      kb (bottom of gel). The majority of the 5S gene clusters were found in both MIC
      and MAC genomes, a few being MIC limited and a few MAC limited. The relative copy
      number of 5S genes in each cluster was determined by integrating densitometric
      tracings made from autoradiograms. The total number of copies in the MAC was
      found to be 33% greater than in the MIC. When different inbred strains were
      examined, the majority of the 5S gene clusters were found to be conserved, with a
      few strain-specific clusters observed. Nine nullisomic strains missing both
      copies of one or more MIC chromosomes were used to map the 5S gene clusters. The
      clusters were distributed non-randomly to four of the five MIC chromosomes, with
      17 of them localized to chromosome 1. A deletion map of chromosome 1 was
      constructed using various deletion strains. Some of these deletion strains
      included B strain clones which had been in continuous culture for 15 years.
      Losses of 5S gene clusters in these ageing MIC could be attributed to deletions
      of particular chromosomes. The chromosomal distribution of the 5S gene clusters
      in Tetrahymena is unlike that found for the well-studied eukaryotes, Drosophila
      and Xenopus.

PMID- 6596478
TI  - The immI region of Salmonella phage P22. 1. Characterisation of the mutants P22
      cir4-1, P22 cir5-1 and P22 cir6-1.
AB  - Salmonella phage mutants P22 cir4-1, P22 cir5-1 and P22 cir6-1 at 37 degrees C
      form more or less clear plaques. The mutants complement each other and clear
      mutations of the immC region (Prell et al. 1983). The mutants exhibit a strongly
      reduced frequency of lysogenisation, but form stable prophages. The low frequency
      of lysogenisation of P22 cir5-1 and of P22 cir6-1 is suppressed by an additional
      ant- mutation. Similarly, about 50% of turbid plaque revertants of both mutants
      carry ant- suppressor mutations. This suggests interference by the cir5-1 and
      cir6-1 mutations with the expression of gene ant. In contrast, the cir4-1
      mutation seems not to interfere with ant expression, the latent periods of P22
      cir4-1 and P22 cir5-1 are reduced and extended, respectively. The geneticly
      related Salmonella phage L carries a gene able to complement P22 cir4-1.

PMID- 6596479
TI  - The immI region of Salmonella phage P22. 2. The influence of the cir mutations on
      the regulation of antirepressor synthesis.
AB  - The effects were studied of three clear plaque mutations of phage P22 (cir4-1,
      cir5-1 and cir6-1) on antirepressor synthesis. The mutant site cir4-1 has no
      influence on the expression of gene ant. The cir5-1 and cir6-1 mutations prevent
      the repression of early ant synthesis shortly after infection: P22 cir5-1
      exhibits a strong ant-overproduction because it renders the cir5 repressor
      protein defective for turning off early ant expression (Harvey et al. 1981). P22
      cir6-1 exhibits only a low level of constitutive ant synthesis insensitive to
      cir5-directed repression. Complementation experiments between P22 wild type or
      mutant in the cir5 or cir6 sites reveal the following phenotypes of the cir6-1
      mutation: (1) The cir6-1 site behaves as a weak promotor site insensitive to cir5
      directed repression of ant synthesis. (2) In the P22 cir5-1 cir6-1 double
      recombinant the cir6-1 site is cis dominant preventing ant overproduction as
      observed in simple P22 cir5-1 infections. (3) Some of the deficient phenotypes of
      P22 cir6-1 can be complemented by co-infecting P22 mutants carrying a cir6+
      allele. These results are explained by the following model: The active cir5
      repressor protein is a dimer (or oligomer) and the cir5-1 and cir6-1 mutations
      map in different domains influencing the repressing as well as the dimer forming
      activities of this protein. Which particular cir6-1 phenotype is observed depends
      on the experimental conditions employed, and on the promotor site (either pANT or
      cir6-1) from which ant expression procedes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6596480
TI  - Additional lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes in normal testis and
      spermatozoa of adult man.
AB  - Adult human testicular tissue contains up to six previously undescribed lactate
      dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes in addition to the five LDH isoenzymes normally
      found and the sixth found in spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa, LDH-X.
      Additional LDH isoenzymes were also found in spermatozoa but not in seminal fluid
      or in serum. After electrophoresis one additional LDH isoenzyme of testicular
      tissue was localized between LDH-1 and LDH-2, two between LDH-2 and LDH-3, two
      between LDH-3 and LDH-4, and two between LDH-4 and LDH-5. These localizations
      indicate that the additional LDH isoenzymes are tetramers combining the A and B
      subunits of the five normal LDH isoenzymes and the C subunit of LDH-X. The
      additional LDH isoenzymes may be important in the metabolism of spermatogenic
      germ cells and spermatozoa.

PMID- 6596482
TI  - Equipartition and other modes of partition: on the interpretation of curing
      kinetics using rep(ts) plasmids.
AB  - One method that has been used to determine the mode of distribution (partition)
      of bacterial plasmids at cell division is analysis of the kinetics of appearance
      of plasmid-free cells during exponential growth at a temperature that is non
      permissive for the replication of a rep(ts) plasmid. Such an experiment was used
      by Hashimotoh-Gotoh and Ishii (1982) as the basis for proposing a new model, the
      Single-Site-Inheritance Model. I claim that this method does not give conclusive
      results unless the copy number distribution at cell division is known. This
      distribution can be broad because of the properties of the replication control
      system and not only because of randomness in partition.

PMID- 6596481
TI  - DNA of Chinese hamster V79 cells newly synthesized after ultraviolet irradiation
      contains alkali-labile sites.
AB  - Pulse-labeled daughter DNA of UV-irradiated Chinese hamster V79 cells was
      denatured in alkaline or neutral conditions and analysed by sucrose gradient
      centrifugation. A comparison of the sedimentation profiles of DNA treated in
      alkaline or neutral conditions has shown that in UV-irradiated cells some alkali
      labile sites are produced during replication of damaged templates.

PMID- 6596483
TI  - Plasmids in different strains of Streptomyces ambofaciens: free and integrated
      form of plasmid pSAM2.
AB  - Five strains of Streptomyces ambofaciens were examined for their plasmid content.
      Among these strains, four belong to the same lineage (strains B) and the other
      was isolated independently (strain A). A large plasmid (ca. 80 kb), called pSAM1
      in this paper and already described, was present in all B strains, and absent in
      strain A. A second plasmid, not described before, was found as covalently closed
      circular DNA in two of the four B strains. This plasmid with a size of 11.1 kb
      was called pSAM2. A restriction map for 14 enzymes was established. Hybridization
      experiments showed that a unique sequence homologous to this plasmid is
      integrated in a larger replicon, which is not pSAM1 and is probably the
      chromosome, in all B strains and not in strain A. It seems probable that the
      integrated sequence is the origin of the free plasmid found in two strains of the
      B family. It is noteworthy that the integrated form and the free plasmid may be
      found together. Transformation experiments proved that pSAM2 may be maintained
      autonomously in S. ambofaciens strain A and in S. lividans. pSAM2 is a self
      transmissible plasmid, able to elicit the lethal zygosis reaction. pSAM2 was
      compared to the plasmids SLP1, pIJ110 and pIJ408, which all come from integrated
      sequences in three Streptomyces species and are found as autonomous plasmids
      after transfer to S. lividans. If pSAM2 resembles these plasmids in its origin,
      it does not appear to be related directly to them. Concerning their plasmid
      content, the two isolates of S. ambofaciens are very different.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6596484
TI  - Synchronous replication of terminal regions of short arms in human X and Y
      chromosomes.
AB  - The replication profiles of terminal segments of short arms (p) of human X and Y
      chromosomes are analyzed with RBA-technique at high resolution. Both the terminal
      regions present yellow green fluorescence showing the early and synchronous
      replication pattern during S-phase of the cell cycle. This clearly demonstrates
      the identical nature and functional homology between the two regions which
      contribute to end pairing seen in meiotic prophase I.

PMID- 6596485
TI  - Microvascular responses of intermediate-size arterioles on the cerebral surface
      of diabetic mice.
AB  - Mice were rendered diabetic with streptozotocin. After intervals of approximately
      4 weeks and 6 months, the vascular responses of cerebral surface arterioles (pial
      arterioles) with mean internal diameters of 35-39 micrometers were determined and
      compared with those of control mice. Norepinephrine, serotonin, prostaglandin F2
      alpha, and papaverine were used. Only one agent was tested in a given mouse, each
      agent being applied to the surface vessels of that mouse at three different
      doses. Statistically significant dose-response relationships were always
      observed, but with one exception, no differences were found between the
      contractile responses (norepinephrine, serotonin, prostaglandin F2 alpha) or the
      dilating responses (papaverine) in diabetic vs normal mice. The one exception
      involved responses to serotonin following 4-5 weeks of diabetes. Here diabetic
      responses were 10-18% less than those of control. Though significant
      statistically, the difference may nevertheless be a chance occurrence, and is in
      any case sufficiently small to be of doubtful biological meaning. The overall
      data indicate no effect of diabetes on the responses of the selected pial
      arterioles to norepinephrine, serotonin, PGF2 alpha, and papaverine.

PMID- 6596486
TI  - [Medicine on the threshold of revolution in molecular biology].

PMID- 6596487
TI  - [Involvement of the central nervous system at the onset of acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia in children. Clinical and instrumental investigation].

PMID- 6596488
TI  - [Case of teratoma of the tongue. Comments on the etiopathogenesis].

PMID- 6596489
TI  - [Idiopathic polylacunar ectasia of Stensen's duct].

PMID- 6596490
TI  - [Anatomico-clinical aspects of osteitis induced by the use of arsenicals in
      dentistry].

PMID- 6596491
TI  - [Dental agenesis in anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia].

PMID- 6596492
TI  - [Use of fiber optics in a transillumination technic for the diagnosis of caries].

PMID- 6596493
TI  - [Solitary plasmacytoma. A case localized in the tongue].

PMID- 6596494
TI  - [Requirement of a modern illumination system for dental studies].

PMID- 6596495
TI  - [Illumination technics in dentistry. Suggestions and prospects. Comments on the
      use of fiber optics].

PMID- 6596497
TI  - Dentistry in the People's Republic of China.

PMID- 6596496
TI  - The mercury-multiple sclerosis connection.

PMID- 6596498
TI  - [Patent protection for living matter].
AB  - Inventions are patentable according to the German Patent Law (and the European
      Patent Convention), if they are new, involve an inventive step and are
      susceptible to industrial application. Living matter and processes performed
      therewith are likewise patentable.

PMID- 6596499
TI  - [Non-odontogenic cysts of the oral regions. I. The maxilla and the maxillary
      sinus].

PMID- 6596500
TI  - [Oral pathology: a survey of 9187 tissue studies].

PMID- 6596501
TI  - [Implications of chemotherapy in dentistry].

PMID- 6596503
TI  - [The image of the mandibular condyle in orthopantomograms].

PMID- 6596502
TI  - [Results with endodontic pin implants].

PMID- 6596505
TI  - The addict's angioaccess. Complications of exotic vascular injection sites.

PMID- 6596504
TI  - [The predictive value of the sequence of eruption of the upper and lower
      permanent first molar to the sagittal relation of these elements].

PMID- 6596506
TI  - Drug abuse prevention: the physician's responsibility.

PMID- 6596507
TI  - Radiation-induced breast cancer.

PMID- 6596508
TI  - Blood glucose monitoring at home.

PMID- 6596509
TI  - Licorice induced hypokalemia.

PMID- 6596510
TI  - Benign infiltrative lipomatous lesions.

PMID- 6596511
TI  - Hazards of break dancing.

PMID- 6596512
TI  - Offshore medical schools.

PMID- 6596514
TI  - The femoral triangle. A potential death trap for the drug abuser.

PMID- 6596513
TI  - Uremic hypoglycemia. A preventable life-threatening complication.

PMID- 6596515
TI  - Restoration of the license to practice medicine.

PMID- 6596516
TI  - Professional misconduct.

PMID- 6596517
TI  - A 39-year-old man with a testicular mass.

PMID- 6596518
TI  - Spontaneous pneumomediastinum as a consequence of cocaine use.

PMID- 6596519
TI  - Value of computed tomography in treatment planning and follow-up of dysgerminoma.

PMID- 6596520
TI  - Atypical radiographic appearance of a gastric eosinophilic granuloma.

PMID- 6596521
TI  - Repair of post-traumatic complete bronchial stricture.

PMID- 6596522
TI  - Hypoxia: can brain cells recover?

PMID- 6596523
TI  - A youthful outlook. 1. Caring for our needs.

PMID- 6596524
TI  - A youthful outlook. 2. A student's perspective.

PMID- 6596525
TI  - A youthful outlook. 3. Crystal ball gazing.

PMID- 6596527
TI  - Who should care for the dying?

PMID- 6596526
TI  - Cross-cultural studies.

PMID- 6596528
TI  - Epidermolysis bullosa.

PMID- 6596529
TI  - Manpower planning.

PMID- 6596530
TI  - Nurses in NZ.

PMID- 6596531
TI  - [The anomalies of the sternalis muscle].

PMID- 6596532
TI  - [Clinical studies on the diagnosis of condylar position using lateral radiographs
      of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6596533
TI  - [Maximal opening of the mouth and measurement methods].

PMID- 6596534
TI  - [3H-leucin metabolism in periodontal lesions induced by experimental irritation
      in rats].

PMID- 6596535
TI  - [Cellular response of the palatal epithelium in experimental gingival injuries
      using autoradiographic studies].

PMID- 6596536
TI  - [Fractionation of low molecular peptides in the saliva of children with dental
      caries].

PMID- 6596537
TI  - [Effect of parotid salivary proteins and peptides on organic acid production in
      dental plaque].

PMID- 6596538
TI  - [Experimental study of duct-ligated submandibular glands in rats].

PMID- 6596539
TI  - [Morphology of the lingual gland of the Gekko].

PMID- 6596540
TI  - [An anatomical study of Tupinambis nigropunctatus teeth].

PMID- 6596541
TI  - [Squamous carcinoma of the lower lip in a 19-year-old patient].

PMID- 6596542
TI  - [Dietetic factors in the development of the facial bones and in the etiology of
      malocclusion].

PMID- 6596543
TI  - [Considerations on various materials for root canal filling: experimental
      results].

PMID- 6596544
TI  - Development of a giant cell lesion subsequent to trauma--a case report.

PMID- 6596545
TI  - Posterior composite filling materials. Considerations and techniques.

PMID- 6596546
TI  - [Various problems of diagnosis and prognosis in osteogenic sarcoma].

PMID- 6596547
TI  - Parental and childhood resistance to therapy for eating disorders.

PMID- 6596548
TI  - Anorexia nervosa and bulimia in adolescent males.
AB  - Anorexia nervosa or bulimia in adolescent males occurs ten times less frequently
      than in adolescent females. When they occur, however, they can be clearly
      identified and differentiated from disorders also associated with weight loss
      such as swallowing phobias. Early diagnosis and treatment leads to improved
      outcome. While the formal psychopathology of male anorectics is similar to that
      of females, there is often a different motivation for the initial weight loss in
      males. They are more often concerned with attaining an idealized male body and
      avoiding teasing or criticism about their appearance. When males become ill, they
      tend to develop the full anorectic syndrome or not to become ill at all.
      Recognition of the special needs of adolescent males for individualized treatment
      increases the change of optimal outcome. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia in the
      teenage male should be seen as an ineffective method of dealing with
      developmental crises by gaining a sense of effectiveness and control through
      weight reduction and food restriction. Treatment seeks to improve quickly the
      starvation-related aspects of the illness while attempting to find more
      appropriate methods of dealing with the life crises prompting the illness. The
      real goal of treatment is to make the anorectic or bulimic illness unnecessary by
      encouraging the patient to continue the work of individuation and separation so
      that challenges in development and problems in living are resolved in a direct
      rather than an indirect way through an eating disorder.

PMID- 6596551
TI  - [Hereditary predisposition to diseases, diatheses and borderline states in
      children].

PMID- 6596549
TI  - Bulimia: a modern epidemic among adolescents.

PMID- 6596550
TI  - Inotropic effects of prostaglandin D2 and E1 on the newborn rabbit heart.
AB  - This study determines the inotropic effects of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and
      prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in the isolated, arterial perfused newborn (NB) and adult
      (A) rabbit heart. Significant positive inotropism of PGD2 was observed at all
      concentrations studied (1 X 10(-17) to 1 X 10(-7) M) in the two age groups; the
      effect in the NB was significantly greater (p less than 0.05) than that in the A
      at PGD2 concentrations higher than 1 X 10(-17) M. Significant positive inotropism
      of PGE1 was observed at PGE1 concentrations higher than 1 X 10(-8) M in the NB,
      and only at 1 X 10(-6) M in the A. In the NB, the relaxation parameters [1/2 RT
      and the ratio of +dT/dt (max) to -dT/dt (max)] decreased to 80% of control after
      PGE1 infusion, but not after PGD2 infusion. In contrast, relaxation parameters in
      the A were not different from control. Propranolol (1 X 10(-6) M) did not alter
      the positive inotropic action of PGD2 and PGE1 in the NB. These data indicate
      that: 1) the positive inotropic effects of PGD2 and PGE1 in NB are greater than
      that in the A, 2) PGE1 and not PGD2, enhances myocardial relaxation only in the
      NB, 3) the contractile effects of PGD2 and PGE1 are not mediated by beta
      receptors.

PMID- 6596552
TI  - Minnesota periodontal awareness television campaign.

PMID- 6596553
TI  - Use of rubber dam among general dentists in the United States Air Force dental
      service.

PMID- 6596554
TI  - Sensitivity of teeth with and without cement bases under amalgam restorations: a
      clinical study.

PMID- 6596555
TI  - Restorative treatment for the cracked tooth.

PMID- 6596556
TI  - The case for the Clinical Study Club.

PMID- 6596557
TI  - Compressive strength of fissure sealant applied over cavities.

PMID- 6596558
TI  - The relation between mothers' attitude toward dentistry and the oral status of
      their children.

PMID- 6596559
TI  - Self-concept and parental evaluation of peer relationships in cleft lip and
      palate children.

PMID- 6596560
TI  - Evaluation of an autopolymerizing fissure sealant as a vehicle for slow release
      of fluoride.

PMID- 6596561
TI  - Tissue response to intragingival appliances in monkeys.

PMID- 6596562
TI  - Aspartame--a review.

PMID- 6596563
TI  - A soft tissue lesion related to salicylate treatment of juvenile rheumatoid
      arthritis: clinical report.

PMID- 6596564
TI  - Oral manifestations in congenital hypoplastic anemia (Diamond-Blackfan anemia):
      clinical report.

PMID- 6596565
TI  - Parental acceptance of pediatric dentistry behavior management techniques.

PMID- 6596566
TI  - Acceptability of various behavior management techniques relative to types of
      dental treatment.

PMID- 6596567
TI  - The legal status of informed consent for behavior management techniques in
      pediatric dentistry.

PMID- 6596568
TI  - The effects of odontogenic infection on the complete blood count in children and
      adolescents.

PMID- 6596569
TI  - A clinical evaluation of polished and unpolished amalgam: 36-month results.

PMID- 6596570
TI  - Fluoride uptake and retention following combined applications of APF and stannous
      fluoride in vitro.

PMID- 6596572
TI  - Requirements for supplemental periapical radiographs following No. 0 and No. 2
      bite-wings.

PMID- 6596571
TI  - Inhibition of caries lesion formation by an MFP dentifrice and APF solution.

PMID- 6596573
TI  - Nitrous oxide analgesia and children's perception of pain.

PMID- 6596574
TI  - Enriched collagen solution as a pulp dressing in pulpotomized teeth in monkeys.

PMID- 6596575
TI  - Submucous cleft palate: review and two clinical reports.

PMID- 6596576
TI  - Rib implant for mandibular ankylosis in a five-year-old child: clinical report.

PMID- 6596577
TI  - Government food program can promote dental health.

PMID- 6596578
TI  - [Follow up studies of young adults following multiple tic symptoms in childhood].
AB  - 24 probands with multiple tic symptoms in childhood were controlled as young
      adults. Only 1/3 of the probands were without symptoms, 5 showed further on
      multiple tics. Due to anamnestic and catamnestic data we tried to demonstrate the
      possible causes for the tic symptoms.

PMID- 6596579
TI  - Searching for the split in schizophrenia: a twin study perspective.
AB  - The characteristics of two subtypes of schizophrenia (here called "H" and "P"
      types) that were derived in a previous study were further examined using
      discriminant analysis. The scores on the resultant discriminant function were
      used to assign Gottesman and Shields' (1972) sample of schizophrenic twins to
      subtypes. Although there was a tendency for cotwins to be assigned to the same
      subtype as the proband, the degree of homotypia in monozygotic twins, at 73.3%,
      was not perfect. A diagnosis of schizophrenia (of either H or P type) was
      significantly more common in the cotwins of H than P type probands. The findings
      suggest that the two subtypes are not genetically distinct conditions, but are
      more likely to represent varieties of disorder that occupy different positions on
      the same multifactorial continuum of liability.

PMID- 6596580
TI  - Reduced platelet serotonin in depression.
AB  - Platelet serotonin levels were measured in several psychiatric disorders to
      determine whether they distinguish among major depressive disorder (one or more
      depressive episodes and no manic episodes), dysthymic disorder (depressive
      neurosis), and schizophrenic and paranoid disorders. Serotonin levels in 141
      subjects were determined using high performance liquid chromatography with
      electrochemical detection. Serotonin (5HT) levels in control subjects were
      significantly lower in males than in females. A marked reduction in 5HT levels,
      as compared to controls, was found in male and female patients with major
      depressive disorder, but not in dysthymic disorder. A slight but significant
      reduction in serotonin levels was found in female schizophrenic patients. The
      reduction in serotonin levels found in major depressive disorder could not be
      attributed to chronic antidepressant treatment. Liquid chromatography with
      electrochemical detection used in the present study permits a large-scale
      investigation.

PMID- 6596581
TI  - Uncoupler-accelerated efflux of 5-hydroxytryptamine from platelets of healthy
      subjects and patients with unipolar and bipolar depression.
AB  - The efflux of 14C-5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) from platelets of 25 depressed
      patients (16 unipolar and 9 bipolar) and 22 control subjects was studied in the
      presence of carbamyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (FCCP), which dissipates H+
      gradients. FCCP (0.31 microM), at 10 minutes' incubation time, enhanced the
      efflux of 14C-5HT to a significantly higher extent from platelets of patients
      with bipolar depression than from platelets of control subjects. An analysis of
      variance revealed a significant interaction between the diagnostic categories
      (unipolar, bipolar, and control) and sex in accounting for variation of the FCCP
      evoked efflux. The diagnostic category X sex effect was also significant. The
      results reported indicate that the FCCP-evoked efflux of 5HT is an easily
      measured biochemical parameter of possible diagnostic interest.

PMID- 6596582
TI  - Clinical significance of large cerebral ventricles in manic males.
AB  - Consecutively admitted manic males (n = 24) who consented to participate in a
      computed tomographic (CT) study of the brain were studied. Those with a ventricle
      to-brain ratio (VBR) 2 standard deviations above the mean VBR of a matched
      control group comprised the large VBR group; the remainder comprised the small
      VBR group. A controlled comparison of a series of clinical variables was
      conducted between the larger and smaller VBR groups. There were no differences in
      age of onset, duration of illness, substance abuse, electroconvulsive therapy,
      abnormal electroencephalogram, delusions, hallucinations, suicidal attempts,
      irritable or grandiose affect, family history, cognitive test scores, or response
      to drug treatment. However, manic males with larger VBRs were found to have a
      significantly lower frequency of hospitalization than those in the smaller VBR
      group.

PMID- 6596583
TI  - Abnormal dexamethasone suppression test in primary obsessive-compulsive patients:
      a confirmatory report.
AB  - The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was administered after baseline cortisol
      measurements in 20 patients (10 males, 10 females) who met DSM-III criteria for
      obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Six patients (30%) showed an abnormal escape
      from dexamethasone suppression. DST suppressors vs. DST nonsuppressors showed no
      differences on age, rate of secondary depressive disorders, or scores on the
      Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality
      Inventory D scale, or OCD rating scales. Surprisingly, there was a trend for
      suppressors to have a stronger family history of depressive disorders, and for
      nonsuppressors to include an excess of male subjects. Moreover, there was a
      significant correlation between levels of cortisol before and after DST. In five
      of six nonsuppressors, both depressive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive
      behaviors showed a diminution in response to antidepressant therapy combined, in
      one case, with intensive behavior therapy. The relationships between OCD and
      endogenous depression, as well as the specificity of the DST, are discussed.

PMID- 6596584
TI  - Elevated red blood cell/plasma choline ratio in dementia of the Alzheimer type:
      clinical and polysomnographic correlates.
AB  - In a prospective study we have observed a shift in distribution of red blood cell
      (RBC)/plasma choline ratios among patients with probable dementia of the
      Alzheimer type (DAT), compared with healthy controls and depressed patients.
      Fifteen of 22 DAT patients (68%) showed RBC/plasma choline ratios greater than
      1.9, in contrast to 9 of 26 healthy controls (35%) and 7 of 20 depressives (35%).
      These significant differences confirm and expand earlier observations. The
      subgroup of DAT patients with elevated RBC/plasma choline ratios is older and
      more cognitively impaired, shows later onset of dementia, and has less rapid eye
      movement (REM) sleep than the DAT subgroup with normal RBC/plasma choline ratios.
      Within the entire group of DAT patients, moreover, the RBC/plasma choline ratio
      shows a significant inverse correlation with REM sleep latency. These findings
      are discussed in relation to abnormalities in other nonneural Alzheimer tissues
      and within the context of cholinergic involvement in both DAT and the timing of
      REM sleep.

PMID- 6596585
TI  - Positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
AB  - Negative and positive symptoms were determined for 46 drug-free patients who met
      Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) and/or Feighner criteria for schizophrenia. A
      modified version of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) was
      completed for each patient based on items from the Schedule for Affective
      Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) and other scales. Positive symptoms were
      scored from the SADS as well as from the following four diagnostic systems: RDC,
      Schneider's first-rank symptoms, the 12-point Flexible system, and Langfeldt's
      criteria for poor prognosis schizophrenia. For all patients, there was no
      correlation of negative symptoms and positive symptoms defined by any diagnostic
      system. Within the paranoid and undifferentiated subtypes, there was a positive
      correlation of positive and negative symptoms. Patients moving from stable to
      exacerbated states had an increase in both positive and negative symptoms, and
      patients with a poor history of treatment response had both more positive and
      more negative symptoms than responsive patients in a stable state. These results
      do not support the view that subgroups of patients have predominantly either
      negative or positive symptoms.

PMID- 6596586
TI  - Total and free plasma neuroleptic levels in schizophrenic patients.
AB  - Nineteen male patients, under 35 years of age, newly admitted with a diagnosis of
      schizophrenia, were treated with either chlorpromazine or haloperidol at a fixed
      dosage for 25 days. Both total and free plasma neuroleptic levels were measured
      using a radioreceptor assay. Clinical response was measured by the Brief
      Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). On day 25, nonresponders (those with a decrease
      of less than 8 points on the BPRS) had both total and free plasma neuroleptic
      levels within the range observed in responders. It is therefore concluded that
      lack of therapeutic response is generally not due to inadequate plasma drug
      levels.

PMID- 6596587
TI  - Dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and plasma dexamethasone levels in depressed
      patients.
AB  - The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was evaluated in newly hospitalized
      patients with a DSM-III diagnosis of major depression. Patients with other
      psychiatric disorders and a normal control group were also studied. Plasma
      dexamethasone levels were obtained in all patients, and the relationship between
      plasma cortisol and plasma dexamethasone was examined. Rates of non-suppression
      in patients with major depression (39%) were not significantly different from
      those in patients with minor depression (25%), mania (38%), or other psychiatric
      illnesses (17%). The ranges of dexamethasone levels at 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. were
      similar between patient groups and controls. However, there was a significant
      difference in dexamethasone levels between suppressors and nonsuppressors,
      irrespective of diagnosis, which could not be explained by differences in weight
      or plasma dexamethasone half-life. Inappropriately high dexamethasone levels were
      found in some patients with a 1 mg test, a problem that critically affects the
      sensitivity of the test procedure.

PMID- 6596588
TI  - Application of automated REM and slow wave sleep analysis: I. Normal and
      depressed subjects.
AB  - Computerized analysis of rapid eye movement (REM) and delta
      electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep patterns in normal and depressed subjects
      offers opportunities to examine sleep more precisely than previously possible. In
      the present study, automated REM analyses demonstrated good reliability with
      traditional manual procedures in both normal and depressed subjects. However,
      automated delta analyses correlated well with traditional scoring in normal
      subjects, but not in depressed patients. These findings suggest the use of
      automated delta techniques similar to those employed in this report or spectral
      analytic techniques in the following types of studies: specificity of delta sleep
      in various psychiatric syndromes, changes in delta sleep produced by the
      administration of psychotropic agents, relationships between delta sleep and
      sleep-related neuro-endocrine patterns, and, finally, relationships between delta
      sleep patterns and other biological rhythms such as activity and temperature.

PMID- 6596589
TI  - Application of automated REM and slow wave sleep analysis: II. Testing the
      assumptions of the two-process model of sleep regulation in normal and depressed
      subjects.
AB  - Abnormalities in a two-process model of sleep regulation (a sleep-dependent
      process, termed Process S, and a sleep-independent circadian process, termed
      Process C) have been proposed to account for sleep abnormalities in depressive
      states. The major tenets of the two-process model of sleep regulation as applied
      to depression are: the level of process S, as reflected by the
      electroencephalographic (EEG) slow-wave activity, corresponds to the sleep
      dependent facet of sleep propensity; the pathognomonic changes of sleep in
      depressives are a consequence of a deficiency in the build-up of process S. The
      application of automated rapid eye movement (REM) and delta wave analyses in
      normal subjects and younger depressed patients supports the model to some extent:
      The time spent asleep is positively correlated with total delta waves (normals
      and depressives) and average delta waves (depressives); delta sleep is lower in
      depressives than in normals; the average delta wave count is significantly
      reduced in younger depressives over the total night and in non-REM period 1. The
      model also postulates that measures of phasic REM activity are inversely related
      to process S, suggesting that process S can be regarded as exerting an inhibitory
      influence on phasic REM activity.

PMID- 6596591
TI  - Dexamethasone suppression test and weight loss.

PMID- 6596590
TI  - Facial EMG activity levels predict treatment outcome in depression.
AB  - Higher electromyographic (EMG) activity levels of corrugator and zygomatic face
      muscles have been reported to be pretreatment predictors of better clinical
      outcome in depressed patients. We tested this possibility in 29 drug-free,
      rigorously diagnosed subjects by measuring low-level EMG activity of corrugator
      and zygomatic muscles during resting and three imagery states (happy, typical
      day, sad). All patients had major depressive disorder, endogenous subtype. Good
      responders had significantly higher pretreatment EMG zygomatic values and
      different EMG profiles. Our findings replicate and expand prior reports.

PMID- 6596592
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of a two-rooted maxillary lateral incisor.

PMID- 6596593
TI  - A case of rapidly progressing periodontitis and its successful treatment.

PMID- 6596594
TI  - Successful osseous regeneration in the treatment of radicular lingual groove: a
      case report.

PMID- 6596595
TI  - Management of esthetics in the natural dentition during periodontal therapy.

PMID- 6596596
TI  - Bilateral occurrence of the lateral periodontal cyst: a case report.

PMID- 6596597
TI  - [Follow-up of root-resected teeth. (Radiographic long-term study)].

PMID- 6596599
TI  - [Sialography with the Orbix radiography unit as an aid in the differential
      diagnosis of salivary gland diseases (II)].

PMID- 6596598
TI  - [Cyanoacrylate--a great aid to daily practice].

PMID- 6596601
TI  - [Instant slides in dental photography].

PMID- 6596600
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6596602
TI  - [Hepatitis control in the dental office: disinfection sprays, vaccination or 70%
      alcohol?].

PMID- 6596603
TI  - [Art of manipulation--advice for the assistant].

PMID- 6596604
TI  - [Clinical and microbiological evaluation of chemical immersion cleansers for
      patients with denture stomatitis].

PMID- 6596606
TI  - [Iatrogenic silicon foreign bodies in the mouth floor].

PMID- 6596605
TI  - [Various metals in mouth resulting in hand eczema].

PMID- 6596607
TI  - [IRM (intermediate restorative material)--a provisional filling material as a
      permanent filling in children's dentistry].

PMID- 6596609
TI  - [Prognosis in orthodontics].

PMID- 6596608
TI  - [Gnathology--critical considerations].

PMID- 6596610
TI  - [The Castillo-Morales palatal button appliance. A treatment aid for the control
      of functional disorders].

PMID- 6596611
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6596612
TI  - [Precision work requires direct sight. Possibilities for its accomplishment (I)].

PMID- 6596613
TI  - [Health-endangering mercury vapors and their adsorption with a new air filtration
      apparatus].

PMID- 6596614
TI  - [A new cutting tool shape for grinding].

PMID- 6596615
TI  - [Complications, accidents and treatment errors (III)].

PMID- 6596616
TI  - [How can discoloration of composite restorations be prevented? An experimental
      study of the relation of various surface treatments].

PMID- 6596617
TI  - [Sialography with the Orbix radiography unit as an aid in the differential
      diagnosis of salivary gland diseases (I)].

PMID- 6596618
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6596619
TI  - [Individualized child prevention programs in the dental office--a progress
      report].

PMID- 6596620
TI  - [The tray holder. An aid to improve work systems and office hygiene].

PMID- 6596621
TI  - [The question of the systemic effect of glucocorticoids in sols and oral pastes].

PMID- 6596622
TI  - [The form and features of human teeth].

PMID- 6596623
TI  - [Medications, their use in systematic periodontal treatment (I)].

PMID- 6596624
TI  - [Healthy diet for school children].

PMID- 6596625
TI  - [Further educational programs for our employees].

PMID- 6596626
TI  - [Our management test with computer tomography].

PMID- 6596627
TI  - [Accounting in orthodontic practice (II)].

PMID- 6596628
TI  - [Care and handling of orthodontic appliances by patients (I)].

PMID- 6596630
TI  - [Blood sedimentation rate].

PMID- 6596629
TI  - [Handling of impression materials (II)].

PMID- 6596631
TI  - [Medications, their use in systematic periodontal treatment (II)].

PMID- 6596633
TI  - [Business in the dental office (I)].

PMID- 6596632
TI  - [Correct and healthy diet in older adults].

PMID- 6596634
TI  - [Accounting in orthodontic treatment (III)].

PMID- 6596635
TI  - [Care and handling orthodontic appliances by patients (II)].

PMID- 6596636
TI  - [Handling of impression materials (III)].

PMID- 6596637
TI  - [Healthy feet and legs are important].

PMID- 6596638
TI  - [The image of the dental assistant from the dentist's viewpoint].

PMID- 6596639
TI  - [General nutritional advice for the prevention of caries and for the improvement
      of general health].

PMID- 6596640
TI  - [My experience with the computer].

PMID- 6596641
TI  - [The Tray system (II)].

PMID- 6596642
TI  - [Tooth forms in dinosaurs].

PMID- 6596643
TI  - [How do we prevent, recognize, and treat life threatening situations in the
      office and everyday life?].

PMID- 6596645
TI  - [The "Healthy teeth from the 1st tooth on" program].

PMID- 6596644
TI  - [Frequency of eating various sweet foods and beverages by children].

PMID- 6596646
TI  - [Dealing with children in the dental office].

PMID- 6596647
TI  - [Accounting in orthodontic treatment (I)].

PMID- 6596648
TI  - [Hand hygiene].

PMID- 6596649
TI  - [Handling of impression materials (I)].

PMID- 6596650
TI  - Influence of prostaglandins on electrolyte metabolism of human trabecular bone in
      vitro.
AB  - A procedure was developed to investigate the electrolyte metabolism of human
      trabecular bone and its regulation in vitro, in particular the influence of
      prostaglandins. Trabecular bone was prepared from femoral heads of patients who
      had undergone hip replacement surgery for coxarthrosis. 500 mg samples were
      incubated in modified EAGLE's minimal essential medium. Net electrolyte movements
      between bone and incubation medium were measured. During 6 hours of incubation
      PGE2 caused an increase in the release of calcium and magnesium from bone into
      incubation medium as compared to controls. The effect of PGE2 was dose-dependent
      and comparable to that of human parathyroid hormone 1-34 (hPTH 1-34) whereas hPTH
      3-34 had no effect. Human calcitonin (hCT) caused a decrease in the release of
      calcium and magnesium. PGE2 was found to be the most potent prostaglandin. PGE1
      and PGF2 alpha had about 50% and PGF1 alpha about 40% of the potency of PGE2.
      PGA1 and PGA2 had no effect. The effect of PGE2 could be completely inhibited by
      hCT and was not further enhanced by hPTH 1-34. Magnesium movement was affected in
      the same way as calcium movement, while phosphate movement and release of
      alkaline phosphatase and hydroxyproline from bone into incubation medium were not
      affected by prostaglandins.

PMID- 6596651
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha at different stages of guinea-pig pregnancy.
AB  - It is believed that suppression of the processes by which prostaglandin F2 alpha
      is released from the uterus during the estrous cycle is vital to maintenance of
      pregnancies in guinea-pigs. Prostaglandin F2 alpha was injected into pregnant
      guinea-pigs at four different stages of gestation to investigate the effect
      increased prostaglandin might have. The study revealed an alteration in the
      sensitivity of the pregnancy to prostaglandin F2 alpha as pregnancy progressed.
      Recovery from the prostaglandin insult was more likely if the injection was given
      after Day 24 than before Day 18. In some animals the serum progesterone levels
      fell following the injection and then subsequently recovered. It appears that
      effects which are potentially hazardous to the pregnancy are countered in a
      variety of ways.

PMID- 6596652
TI  - Prostaglandin F2 alpha increases responsiveness of pulmonary airways in dogs.
AB  - We studied the effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) on the
      responsiveness of pulmonary airways in dogs. Airway responsiveness was assessed
      by determining the bronchoconstrictor response to increasing concentrations of
      acetylcholine aerosol delivered to the airways. In each of five dogs, we
      determined responsiveness during treatment with physiologic saline, histamine, or
      PGF2 alpha aerosols. The doses of histamine and PGF2 alpha were determined by
      establishing the largest dose of each which could be given to the dog without
      causing bronchoconstriction (subthreshold doses). We found that airway
      responsiveness was not significantly different during histamine treatment than
      after saline, however, responsiveness increased during treatment with PGF2 alpha.
      In addition, the hyperresponsiveness induced by PGF2 alpha was prevented by
      pretreatment with the ganglion blocking drug hexamethonium (5 mg/kg given
      intravenously). The results show that PGF2 alpha specifically increases the
      responsiveness of pulmonary airways in doses that do not cause
      bronchoconstriction, and suggest that the hyperresponsiveness involves a neural
      mechanism such as increased responsiveness of airway sensory nerves.

PMID- 6596653
TI  - Effects of intravenous infusions of prostaglandin D2 in man.
AB  - Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) was infused intravenously into normal male volunteers.
      Seven subjects received infusions of 16, 32, 64 ng/kg/min and six of these a
      further dose of 128 ng/kg/min. Each individual's maximum dose was limited by
      discomfort caused by intense facial flushing and nasal congestion. At these doses
      there was no significant effect on systolic or diastolic blood pressure nor on
      spirometric measurements. There was a small but statistically significant
      tachycardia at 64 and 128 ng/kg/min. Collagen- and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
      induced platelet aggregation ex vivo was not affected at any of the infusion
      rates. Infused PGD2 is unlikely to be a useful antithrombotic agent.

PMID- 6596654
TI  - The effects of PGF2 alpha, PGE2 and 16, 16 dimethyl PGE2 on gastric emptying and
      small intestinal transit in rat.
AB  - Prostaglandins are well known for their ability to stimulate contraction in
      gastrointestinal smooth muscle, yet very little information is available on how
      their activity affects propulsion in vivo. Thus, studies were undertaken to
      determine the effect of various prostaglandins on gastric emptying (GE) and small
      intestinal transit (SIT) in unanesthetized fasted rats. Rats were treated with
      intravenous, subcutaneous, or oral PGF2 alpha, PGE2, or 16, 16 dimethyl PGE2 at
      various doses, followed 1 (intravenous), 20 (subcutaneous) or 10 (oral) mins
      later by intragastric 51Cr oxide in black ink. Forty-five mins later, rats were
      sacrificed by CO2 asphyxiation, the pylorus clamped, and the gut excised. SIT was
      expressed as the percent of intestinal length traveled by the most distal portion
      of ink. GE was expressed as the percent of the 51Cr emptied into the intestines.
      If GE was affected by prostaglandin treatment, the experiments were repeated with
      rats pre-implanted with duodenal cannula. This preparation allowed the visual
      transit marker to be deposited directly into the duodenum, thus avoiding
      acceleration or delay of SIT caused by fluctuations in GE. The results of these
      studies show that: (1) intravenous 16, 16 dimethyl PGE2 (5-50 micrograms/kg), but
      not PGF2 alpha or PGE2, accelerates GE and delays SIT; (2) oral prostaglandin
      administration increases SIT; (3) oral 16, 16 dimethyl PGE2 delays GE; (4)
      subcutaneous 16, 16 dimethyl PGE2 accelerates, has no effect upon, or delays GE
      depending upon dose, but accelerates SIT at all doses tested; and (5)
      subcutaneous PGE2 accelerates SIT while PGF2 alpha does not. Thus, the effect of
      prostaglandins on GE and SIT depends upon the dosage and route of administration
      as well as type of prostaglandin used.

PMID- 6596656
TI  - A multiple movement element to move single teeth.

PMID- 6596655
TI  - Foundations of functional occlusion: mandibular movement.

PMID- 6596658
TI  - Complete denture quiz (I).

PMID- 6596657
TI  - Establishing employment contracts.

PMID- 6596659
TI  - How to avoid being sued.

PMID- 6596660
TI  - Selecting materials for the fabrication of dies (II).

PMID- 6596661
TI  - Operating your business--financial problems.

PMID- 6596662
TI  - Antisera raised against eledoisin and kassinin detect immunoreactive material in
      rat tissue extracts: tissue distribution and chromatographic characterization.
AB  - Radioimmunoassays were developed for the tachykinins eledoisin (ELE) and kassinin
      (KAS) using antisera raised in rabbits. The antisera exhibited low (less than
      0.1%) cross-reactivities to substance P (SP) and physalaemin (PHY), but
      crossreacted (with one exception, antiserum K7) to varying extents with
      neurokinin A (NKA) and neurokinin B (NKB). In the rat, the tissue distribution of
      the immunoreactive material detected by antiserum (E7) raised against ELE and by
      another antiserum (K1) raised against KAS both resembled that previously
      described for SP. Using the highly KAS-specific antiserum K7, no or only very low
      levels of immunoreactivity could be detected in extracts of various rat tissues.
      Gel permeation chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography of tissue extracts
      indicated that all antisera (except K7) detected the same population of
      immunoreactive molecules. One of the components was chromatographically
      indistinguishable from NKA. The tissue distribution of this component also
      resembled that of SP. Another immunoreactive component co-chromatographed with
      NKB at cation exchange chromatography. Acid tissue extracts, but not neutral
      tissue extracts, were found to contain immunoreactive components which appeared
      more basic than NKA and NKB. The total levels of immunoreactivity were higher in
      neutral than in acid tissue extracts. However, the ratio between the amounts of
      immunoreactivities in the two types of extracts varied considerably between
      tissues, indicating that tachykinin immunoreactive components may be present in
      different relative proportions in various tissues.

PMID- 6596663
TI  - Relationship between ovarian delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity
      and implantation in non-lactating and lactating mongolian gerbils (Meriones
      unguiculatus).
AB  - The distribution and intensity of delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3
      beta-HSD) activity was examined histochemically in ovaries from Mongolian gerbils
      during pregnancy and undergoing lactational delay. In all of the ovaries examined
      the corpora lutea showed the strongest level of activity, but like the
      interstitium and granulosa, there was no relationship between the enzyme pattern
      and embryonic development. Thecal 3 beta-HSD activity was only observed
      immediately before, and after implantation on day 8 p.c. in pregnancies without
      lactation, and was totally absent throughout lactational delay, appearing for the
      first time after day 15 in association with implantation. The absence of this key
      enzyme in the theca interna throughout the pre-implantation period means that the
      biosynthesis of androstenedione and progesterone cannot occur, thereby precluding
      the production of oestrogen, an essential steroid for implantation in this
      species.

PMID- 6596664
TI  - Flunixin inhibits prostaglandin E2 production in equine inflammation.
AB  - A model of acute inflammation was used in a cross-over study in Welsh mountain
      ponies to assess the actions of flunixin meglumine on selected components of a
      localised inflammatory reaction induced by injecting 0.5 ml of a 2 per cent
      carrageenin solution into subcutaneously implanted tissue cages. Samples of
      exudate were harvested at predetermined times between three and 48 hours.
      Increases in leucocyte numbers and protein concentration were not prevented by
      flunixin treatment. Prostaglandin E2-like activity was present in exudates from
      untreated ponies with the highest mean concentration occurring at 12 hours. The
      production of prostaglandin E2-like activity by the inflamed tissues of treated
      animals was blocked by flunixin for at least 24 hours.

PMID- 6596665
TI  - [Cases of supernumerary teeth in the upper incisor region. Examination of out
      patients in the past 8 years].

PMID- 6596666
TI  - [A 3-dimensional study of cases of supernumerary teeth in the upper incisor
      region. The position of supernumerary teeth and their influence on the permanent
      central incisors].

PMID- 6596667
TI  - [Taking standardized X-ray photographs of the mandibles of dogs. Fabrication of
      the apparatus and the evaluation of its accuracy].

PMID- 6596668
TI  - [Effect of periapical inflammation of the deciduous teeth on the permanent tooth
      germs in children. 2. The process of eruption and hypoplasia of the permanent
      tooth].

PMID- 6596669
TI  - [A clinical study of electronic diagnosis and its 3-year prognosis of carious
      areas in primary teeth].

PMID- 6596670
TI  - [Growth and development of the palatal rugae in children].

PMID- 6596671
TI  - [Prevalence of dental disease in children with cerebral palsy].

PMID- 6596672
TI  - [A rare chin skin reaction following infiltration anesthesia with 2% xylocaine.
      Report of 3 cases].

PMID- 6596673
TI  - [Development of a compound odontoma. Roentgenographic findings of a case].

PMID- 6596674
TI  - [Mixed dentition analyzer and its clinical application].

PMID- 6596675
TI  - [A sialolithiasis formed around a metal wire in the submandibular salivary duct].

PMID- 6596676
TI  - [Ultrastructural and cytochemical study of the resorptive function of the
      secretory ameloblasts].

PMID- 6596677
TI  - [Membranous organelles in the odontoblastic process. I. Morphological
      observations].

PMID- 6596678
TI  - Application of replica technique for scanning electron microscopic study of
      exposed root surfaces.

PMID- 6596680
TI  - [Relation between the right and left sides of the lower lateral incisor].

PMID- 6596679
TI  - [Effect of differences in occlusal vertical dimension on masticatory rhythm].

PMID- 6596681
TI  - [Histological study of the effect of lactobacillus beverages on human teeth. V:
      Changes in the labial enamel surfaces of rat molars due to beverages].

PMID- 6596682
TI  - [Histological study of the effect of lactobacillus beverages on human teeth. VI:
      Changes in the labial enamel of deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6596683
TI  - [The marsupialization of cystic tumors. Experiences in the treatment of 2 cases
      of ameloblastoma of the mandible].

PMID- 6596685
TI  - Ca (Oxford) antigen: an inducer of ectopic bone?

PMID- 6596684
TI  - PGF2 alpha mediated cytoprotection: a reassessment.
AB  - The demonstration of gastrointestinal ctyoprotection by PGF2 alpha (a supposed
      vasoconstrictor) has been cited as evidence against alteration of mucosal blood
      flow as a mechanism for the cytoprotection phenomenon. However, cytoprotection by
      PGF2 alpha has never been demonstrated in a model having concomitant
      documentation of gastrointestinal blood flow. This experiment was designed to
      accomplish two objectives. First, the effect of intravenous PGF2 alpha (0.1, 1.0,
      10.0 mcg/kg/minute) on blood flow throughout the gastrointestinal tract was
      documented in a chloralose anesthetized miniature swine model (n = 7). Second,
      the effect of intravenous PGF2 alpha (1.0 mcg/kg/minute) on both gastric mucosal
      blood flow and stress ulceration was assessed during a 3-hour period of
      hemorrhagic shock in the same model (six controls, six PGF2 alpha). The
      radiolabeled microsphere technique of blood flow determination was employed.
      RESULTS: Intravenous PGF2 alpha significantly decreased myocardial blood flow at
      all doses employed. Although blood flow in the gastrointestinal tract tended to
      decrease with the largest dose of PGF2 alpha, this did not reach statistical
      significance. During shock PGF2 alpha had no effect on gastrointestinal blood
      flow. Furthermore, there was no evidence of gastric mucosal cytoprotection
      compared to controls. These results suggest that PGF2 alpha is neither
      vasoconstrictive nor cytoprotective when sub maximal doses are used. Dismissal of
      mucosal blood flow as a possible mechanism of prostaglandin-mediated
      cytoprotection is premature.

PMID- 6596686
TI  - Dentistry and law.

PMID- 6596687
TI  - Oral manifestations of systemic diseases.

PMID- 6596688
TI  - [Value of the surgical treatment of subcondylar fractures. Apropos of a
      comparative study of 24 cases of luxation-fractures treated by to-and-fro
      osteosynthesis or by active protrusive mobilization].
AB  - Regarding the bad results of the orthopaedic treatment of subcondylar dislocated
      mandibular fractures, the authors present a comparative study of two series of
      twelve patients: one (group "A") with orthopaedic treatment; the other one (group
      "B") with surgical treatment by "up and down" pinning via a temporal approach.
      The results of surgical treatment seem to be better than those of orthopaedic
      treatment, as it can be seen in some other papers. The choice of the surgical
      technique of osteosynthesis and the indications are then discussed. It seems to
      be necessary to improve the specific instrumentation for wider indications an
      better results.

PMID- 6596689
TI  - [Mandibular fractures. A 4 year statistical study].
AB  - Statistical analysis of data from patients with mandibular fractures produced
      results in agreement with etiologic and pathologic findings in all previous
      studies. The possible use of miniaturized plate and screws osteosynthesis is
      discussed. Results of the study indicate a good prognosis for mandibular body
      fractures but a more reserved prognosis for bicondylar fractures.

PMID- 6596690
TI  - [Difficulties in the radiologic diagnosis of mono-cortical mandibular fractures.
      Apropos of 2 cases].
AB  - The authors report two cases of mono-cortical fractures of the mandible. The
      initial radio-clinical discordance required tomographies for the diagnosis. With
      regard to these fractures, few described in the literature and whose treatment is
      simple, the authors insist upon the medico-legal value of radiological pictures.

PMID- 6596691
TI  - [Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor].
AB  - A case of odontogenic adenomatoid tumor is presented in which it is stressed that
      conservative surgical enucleation of the lesion is the treatment of choice. The
      clinical, radiographic and histopathologic features of this tumor are discussed.
      Close attention and supervision of the developing dentition allows early
      diagnosis and treatment thus avoiding the needless sacrifice of adjacent teeth
      and bone.

PMID- 6596692
TI  - [Early treatment of labiopalatine clefts. Their management and anesthetic
      problems].
AB  - The authors review a new therapeutic chronology for cleft lip and palate
      developed by R. Malek and J. Psaume. This involves very early treatment requiring
      orthopaedic or surgical procedures in small infants aged one to three months.
      These have been made possible by progress in techniques and equipment from both a
      surgical and orthopaedic standpoint as well as in anaesthesia. They describe the
      organisation of anaesthesia and analyse their results, showing that this is a
      simple anaesthetic, free of risk. The postoperative course is simple. The child
      is fed normally and is discharged on the 2nd or 3rd postoperative day.

PMID- 6596694
TI  - [Apyretic malignant hyperthermia. Apropos of a case].
AB  - A case of a febrile malignant hyperthermia in a patient who was undergoing
      surgical treatment of recurrent traumatic bone cyst of mandible is presented. M.
      H. crisis can occur in the absence of both muscle rigidity and elevation of
      temperature. A potentially fatal outcome of M. H. crisis was avoided by
      aggressive opportune therapy.

PMID- 6596695
TI  - [Macroglossia in apparently primary amyloidosis].
AB  - The authors report a case of apparently primary amyloidosis in which macroglossia
      was the clinical presentation, confirmed by lingual biopsy. They take advantage
      of this case to review the therapeutic possibilities, though stating that from a
      stomatological standpoint there is virtually nothing available.

PMID- 6596693
TI  - [Anaerobic microbes in perimandibular inflammation].
AB  - Studies conducted in 16 patients with perimandibular inflammation included
      bacteriological examinations and tests of the resistance of the bacterial flora
      to 6 antibiotics:davercin, erythromycine, penicillin, ampicillin, tetracycline
      and chloramphenicol. A total of 73 strains (47 anaerobic and 26 aerobic) were
      isolated, including 47 Gram - and 26 Gram's strain +. Anaerobic Gram - ve
      bacteria appear to be the principal cause of perimandibular inflammatory lesions,
      streptococcus viridans being identified more frequently in these cases than in
      the normal buccal cavity. Bacterial flora of dental origin was more sensitive to
      davercin than to the other 5 antibiotics tested.

PMID- 6596696
TI  - [Place of aspiration lipolysis in the surgical treatment of Launois-Bensaude
      syndrome].
AB  - Modifying the mass contour with liposuction by developing numerous subcutaneous
      "tunnels" with subsequent homogeneous contractions of the overlying skin will add
      a new dimension to the treatment of the Launois-Bensaude syndrome. Successful
      correction of these deformities can be obtained without a large amount of
      surgical undermining and skin resection and with minimal scar formation.

PMID- 6596697
TI  - [Kniest's disease].
AB  - A one year old child with Kniest's disease was admitted for reconstructive
      surgery of the bone deficit of a palatine cleft. This syndrome is recognizable at
      a very early age by the shortness of the limbs or the increase in size of the
      joints. Clinically it associates mild facial dystrophy and nanism from reduction
      in height of the trunk and the shortness and deviations of the limbs. Frequently
      associated are myopia, deafness and a palatine cleft. Radiological signs are
      reduced height of vertebral bodies, and a not infrequent finding is a cuneiform
      deformity of the first lumbar vertebrae. Epiphyseal development is anarchic, that
      of the knee large, while the femoral head is small, fragmented or absent.
      Transmission is by the dominant mode. Kniest's syndrome must be differentiated
      from metratropic dwarfism in which there is greater progression of spinal
      deformities.

PMID- 6596698
TI  - Influence of various doses of ionizing radiation on the excretion of 125I-o
      iodobenzoic acid and its conjugation products in the rat and the dog.

PMID- 6596699
TI  - Influence of E2 and F2 alpha prostaglandins and of hydrocortisone premedication
      on the effect of adrenaline in the portal bed of isolated perfused rat liver.

PMID- 6596700
TI  - Effect of histamine on the vascular bed of isolated perfused rabbit liver.

PMID- 6596701
TI  - The effect of pretreatment with cortisol on inflammatory changes in lungs after
      nitrogen oxides inhalation.

PMID- 6596702
TI  - The acoustic impedance locus for normal human ears.
AB  - The ear's complex acoustic impedance locus for frequencies from 200 Hz to 2 kHz
      was obtained for 20 subjects screened for normal hearing. The purpose of the
      experiment was to observe "kinks" in the total driving point impedance locus of
      the ear, as measured by acoustic impedance in the ear canal at a depth comparable
      to that of clinical audiometry. Such impendance bumps or loops are expected to
      contribute to irregularities seen in high-frequency clinical tympanograms. The
      transducer probe consisted of two 1/8 inch condenser microphones inserted in the
      ear canal. The instrumentation used a continuous sinusoidal probe tone sweeping
      the frequency range in 90 seconds. Analog circuitry performed synchronous
      detection and filtering and provided the resistance and reactance of the
      impedance derived from the sound pressure measured in the ear canal. Data were
      recorded in the form of an impedance locus in the complex plane. These loci
      demonstrated kinks suggesting middle ear resonances, at 604 +/- 99 Hz, 986 +/- 94
      Hz and 1 361 +/- 87 Hz. Ninety-seven percent of the ears demonstrated a single
      kink while 78% displayed two. In addition, a group of 5 normal subjects were
      measured 5 times. The variation within subjects was 5 to 10% of the mean
      impedance. It is concluded that there are resonances within the middle ear
      structure that manifest themselves as easily observed bumps or loops in the ear's
      impedance locus.

PMID- 6596703
TI  - Vision in the elderly and its use in the social environment.
AB  - A randomized sample of 601 subjects aged 65 or over were examined for their
      visual function and their use of vision in daily life. The participation
      percentage was 91% and constant throughout all age groups, and the population
      sample studied is considered to be representative of the population of the city
      of Turku in Finland. The best corrected visual acuity was found to be good (0.8
      or 0.7/0.3) in 73%, with a gradual decline with age to 20% in late senescence (85
      years or over). The poorest acuity level of less than 0.1 was found in 1% of the
      entire study population and in 7% of those aged 85 or over. 91% of the subjects
      were found to be capable of reading newspaper-size print by using conventional
      presbyopic lenses. For those aged 85 years or over the rate was 50%. When also
      using low vision aids for maximal optical correction, the rate rose to 93% of the
      entire study population, and to 57% of those aged 85 or over. The functional
      visual acuity, i.e. the level of vision actually used in daily life, was clearly
      inferior with only 56% of the entire study population and 13% of those aged 85 or
      over possessing good visual acuity. Other acuity levels showed the same rations.
      Senile macular degeneration and cataract were found to be the commonest causes of
      visual impairment in the elderly. Poor sight could be considered a prime
      contributory factor for being in institutional accommodation in 11% of the cases.
      Visually impaired persons were clearly more dependent on home help as compared
      with the elderly population in general. A majority (over 90%) of elderly people
      in all age groups were found to be interested in resolution-requiring activities
      (reading, TV, needlework, driving, etc.). In other everyday activities, the
      demands on vision were found to be lower, an acuity level of 0.2-0.15 not yet
      being restrictive. This is suggested to be dependent on the predominance of lower
      spatial frequencies when seeing in everyday environments. Intolerance of optic
      correction by means of spectacle lens was found in 18% of the aphakics. As
      regards moderate-power lenses, one third of elderly persons were found to reject
      glasses for traveling. 57% of those who rejected glasses considered themselves
      unmotivated to wear glasses in everyday life, 35% blamed adaptation difficulties.
      Subjects aged 75 years or over who suffered from impoverished mobility or
      dizziness were particularly reluctant to wear glasses when moving about.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6596704
TI  - Epidemiological investigations on rheumatoid arthritis in Stockholm. The use of
      different data sources.
AB  - The general aim of the thesis was to see how different data sources available in
      Stockholm County could be used for epidemiological investigations on rheumatoid
      arthritis (RA). The specific aims were: to study the mortality among persons with
      RA and the causes of the postulated high mortality in RA, to study the possible
      preventive effect of oral contraceptive use on the incidence of RA and to study
      the quality of the in-patient register with regard to RA. Four sources were used:
      An epidemiological survey of RA in Stockholm, the in-patient register of
      Stockholm County, the Stockholm County sample of the national health interview
      survey and the national cause-of-death register. These data sources were compared
      and validated against each other and other data collected. The possibilities and
      limitations in the use of these different sources were assessed in a series of
      epidemiological investigations of which the main findings were the following:
      Persons with RA had an increased mortality compared to the general population.
      This applied to persons with RA identified in a random sample from the general
      population as well as to persons hospitalized with RA. The excess mortality was
      particularly high in the hospitalized group. RA was rarely recorded as the cause
      of death. The mortality was strongly correlated to the severity of the disease,
      and drug use was not found to be the main cause of the high mortality. There was
      a slight reduction in incidence of RA among oral contraceptive users compared
      with non users, particularly for women with age at onset of RA over 40. At least
      80% of the cases recorded as RA in the in-patient register were judged to be
      "true" cases of RA. The documentation of the cases as well as the accuracy of the
      diagnosis varied strongly between different types of departments.

PMID- 6596705
TI  - Cyclosporin A treatment in a case of relapsing polychondritis.
AB  - A patient with relapsing polychondritis and high titres of anti-collagen II
      antibodies developed a progressive destruction of tracheal cartilage in spite of
      treatment with corticosteroids, Dapsone, Azathioprine and cyclophosphamide.
      Assumptions regarding the role of anti-collagen immunity, together with
      immunohistochemical studies on affected cartilage, suggested macrophage-T cell
      interactions to be important in the pathogenesis of the disease. Cyclosporin A
      treatment was instituted and has been continued for 2 years, concomitant with a
      steady improvement and remission of the disease.

PMID- 6596706
TI  - [Low-dose cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C) in the treatment of acute myeloid
      leukemia].
AB  - Eleven patients over 70 years of age and two patients under 60 years of age with
      myeloblastic leukemia have been treated with low doses of cytarabine (10 mg per
      m2 every 12 hours by subcutaneous injection for a median duration of 3 weeks).
      Four patients of the first group went into complete remission, 2 patients in the
      older age group and the 2 patients under 60 years of age went into partial
      remission, while only 3 patients out of 13 (23%) did not respond to this
      treatment. Sometimes severe cytopenia observed during the induction phase
      counterbalanced the advantages of treatment (simplicity and absence of systemic
      toxicity) and suggest an antimitotic effect which is probably associated with
      differentiation of the malignant clone.

PMID- 6596707
TI  - Adenocarcinoma of the endometrium.

PMID- 6596708
TI  - Ventilation and perfusion lung scans, Sioux Valley Hospital--1981.

PMID- 6596709
TI  - Twenty-eight year old Caucasian female with left flank pain and renal mass.

PMID- 6596710
TI  - [An orthodontic study of the teeth and dental-arch form of Koreans with normal
      occlusion].

PMID- 6596711
TI  - [Electron microscopy of disturbed amelogenesis induced in the rat incisor by
      vinblastine administration].

PMID- 6596712
TI  - [Horizontal border movement and tapping movements in patients with
      temporomandibular arthrosis].

PMID- 6596713
TI  - [Microbiological study on the periodontal lesions in advanced periodontitis.
      Changes in the regional flora and clinical features caused by short-term
      treatment with clindamycin].

PMID- 6596714
TI  - [An experimental study on the center of resistance of the nasomaxillary complex.
      2-dimensional analysis of the coronal plane in the dry skull].

PMID- 6596715
TI  - [An experimental study of the wound strength, collagen content, plasma fibrinogen
      and fibrin-stabilizing factor in the healing of rat skin injuries].

PMID- 6596716
TI  - [The influence of experimental occlusal interference on the activity of the
      masticatory muscles].

PMID- 6596717
TI  - [An experimental study on the ability to control mandibular movements to given
      intercuspal positions by rapid opening and closing movements].

PMID- 6596718
TI  - [An experimental study on the relation between occluding forces and myoelectric
      discharges of the masticatory muscles. 2. Sinistral-dextral comparisons].

PMID- 6596719
TI  - [Histologic study on the periodontal structures incident to experimental tooth
      movement in Macaca fuscata. Studies on the periodontal structures of the
      artificially intruded tooth].

PMID- 6596720
TI  - An orthopantomographic survey of asymptomatic dentate patients.

PMID- 6596721
TI  - Osteitis deformans (Paget's disease) of the maxilla: report of a case.

PMID- 6596722
TI  - Profile of Singaporean dental students--1982-I.

PMID- 6596723
TI  - Students' perception about the etiology and prevention of dental caries and
      gingivitis.

PMID- 6596724
TI  - Maxillary and median diastema: aetiology and incidence.

PMID- 6596725
TI  - A study of the dental attendance, dietary and oral hygiene habits of a group of
      pre-school children in Singapore.

PMID- 6596726
TI  - [Levels of immunoglobulins, heteroagglutinins and delayed hypersensitivity
      reactions in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)].

PMID- 6596727
TI  - [Phonation problems caused by complete dentures].

PMID- 6596728
TI  - [Complete dentures for patients in their 40s].

PMID- 6596729
TI  - [Complete dentures and the psychology of the aged].

PMID- 6596730
TI  - [Denture rebasing and relining].

PMID- 6596731
TI  - [Jaw relation records in edentulous mouths--recording of the horizontal
      position].

PMID- 6596732
TI  - [Pointers for the use of the articulator].

PMID- 6596733
TI  - [Some pointers for denture investment and polymerization].

PMID- 6596734
TI  - [Management of cases with difficult occlusal adjustment].

PMID- 6596735
TI  - [Mucosal pain under a new denture base for the mandible].

PMID- 6596736
TI  - [Pain and mucosal inflammation caused by complete dentures].

PMID- 6596737
TI  - [Pain caused by ill-fitting dentures].

PMID- 6596738
TI  - [Denture stomatitis caused by unclean dentures].

PMID- 6596739
TI  - [Complete dentures and esthetics].

PMID- 6596740
TI  - [Role of complete dentures in the life of the aged].

PMID- 6596741
TI  - [Complete dentures and esthetics].

PMID- 6596742
TI  - [Dentures and individual factors in phonation].

PMID- 6596743
TI  - [Properties of nickel-chromium alloys for castings].

PMID- 6596744
TI  - [Biological evaluation of nickel-chromium alloys].

PMID- 6596745
TI  - [Discoloration of esthetic restorative materials, with special reference to the
      relation of the discoloration and the surface roughness of the specimens and
      electron microprobe analysis of the sulfurated surface].

PMID- 6596746
TI  - [Dimensional changes of dental amalgam. Considerations on the "double-cap"
      measurement method].

PMID- 6596747
TI  - [Corrosion and discoloration of chromium-nickel alloys in vitro and in vivo].

PMID- 6596748
TI  - [An apparatus for measuring the density of higher-melting dental metals].

PMID- 6596749
TI  - [Accuracy of various types of elastic impressions. Part 1. Evaluation of the
      surface detail reproducibility of elastic impressions].

PMID- 6596750
TI  - [Denture base PMMA resins reinforced with carbon fiber cloth. 1. Surface
      treatment of the carbon cloth and its effect on the bending and tensile strength
      of the reinforced resins].

PMID- 6596751
TI  - [The heterogeneities of polymerization of visible light-cured composite resins].

PMID- 6596752
TI  - [The effect of irradiation on the bovine mandible].

PMID- 6596753
TI  - [Setting characteristics of alginate impression materials].

PMID- 6596754
TI  - [Properties of dental zinc phosphate cements after mechanical mixing (2).
      Viscosity changes in the early setting process].

PMID- 6596755
TI  - [Immunologic phenotypes of acute lymphoblastic leukemias and their clinico
      biological correlations].

PMID- 6596756
TI  - The use of acupuncture as an alternative dental analgesic in an individual with
      multiple allergies.
AB  - Reports of the use of acupuncture in the extraction of teeth date back to 1958.
      There have been many conflicting findings relating to the efficacy of dental
      acupuncture with few effective controlled studies evaluating these claims. It is
      clear however that acupuncture analgesia which is adequate for dental extractions
      may be produced in some individuals. Patients with atopic diseases have in common
      an inherited predisposition to develop hypersensitivity to allergens in the
      environment which are harmless to most people. Atopic diseases include common
      human allergic disorders such as hayfever, asthma, eczema, urticaria, gastro
      intestinal food reactions as well as rarer conditions. It has been reported that
      acupuncture may be of advantage in such individuals who may be hypersensitive to
      routine methods of producing analgesia. A case is described of the use of
      acupuncture analgesia in an atopic individual who was being managed by the
      department of oral surgery, Danderyds Hospital. Two lower molar teeth were
      successfully surgically extracted. The case is described in detail and
      recommendations are made for further research and clinical use of acupuncture
      analgesia.

PMID- 6596757
TI  - Changes in tooth length on radiographs after crown therapy.
AB  - Altogether 155 crowned teeth--incisors, canines, premolars and molars in both
      jaws--have been studied by means of radiographs regarding tooth length before and
      after crown therapy. The results show that the correlation in tooth length is
      good. The mean differences, however, vary between -0.52 mm for the upper molars
      and 0.44 mm for the upper incisors. The best correlation in tooth length was
      found for the upper premolars and the lower incisors.

PMID- 6596758
TI  - Caries increment and progression in teenagers when using a prevention- rather
      than restoration-oriented treatment strategy.
AB  - In a group of young teenagers restorative treatment on approximal carious
      surfaces was postponed until carious lesions were radiographically detected in
      the dentine, permitting a reallocation of resources to preventive care. The
      development of new lesions and the rate of progression of unrestored lesions were
      studied by means of bitewing radiographs obtained at 13 and 16 years of age. Of
      the radiographically sound surfaces at age 13, 1.3% developed dentinal lesions
      within the three year period. Approximately 18% of outer enamel lesions and about
      55% of inner enamel lesions progressed into the dentine. The number of new
      lesions as well as the rate of progression varied between groups of patients
      exhibiting different caries experience at age 13. A total of 1.2 surfaces per
      patient required restorative treatment according to the treatment strategy
      applied compared to 5.3 if all radiographically diagnosed lesions would have been
      restored.

PMID- 6596759
TI  - Management of dental behaviour problems. A 5-year follow-up.
AB  - The aim of the study was to evaluate the lasting results of treatment designed to
      increase cooperative behaviour in children with advanced anxiety or fear of the
      dental situation. The first 50 children referred in 1976 to the pedodontic clinic
      in Orebro, Sweden, on account of management problems, were chosen. Of these
      children 45 were able to participate in a follow-up study in 1982, comprising
      information from records and from questionnaires sent to the child/parent as well
      as to the referring dentist. In 1976 most of the children had not accepted dental
      treatment for several years and were in great need of dental care. Nevertheless,
      after systematic stepwise learning, based on the "tell-show-do" method, together
      with reinforcement, 36 children could be treated conventionally and another 5
      after preoperative sedation. In 4 cases postponement was chosen. Of the total
      treatment time, 28 per cent was spent on managing behaviour problems. If all
      treatment, including injection, had been carried out with positive acceptance in
      1976, as well as during the following 5 years, without the patient being fearful
      or having physical symptoms, the lasting result of managing behaviour problems
      was considered positive. These criteria were fulfilled in 78 per cent of the
      cases. Furthermore, the results indicate that the main reason for dental
      behaviour problems usually lies in the child's prior experience of the dental
      situation and that the present treatment model is effective in reducing dental
      fear and gives most children a lasting positive attitude to dental care and
      dental health.

PMID- 6596760
TI  - [Oral hygiene habits among mentally handicapped children and young adults].

PMID- 6596761
TI  - [Dental anxiety among children].

PMID- 6596762
TI  - [Autotransplantation in private practice].

PMID- 6596763
TI  - [Children's dental care in Denmark 1982-83].

PMID- 6596764
TI  - [The frequency of intraoral radiographic exposures in Denmark in 1982].

PMID- 6596765
TI  - [A new list form the Scandinavian Institute for Dental Materials Testing. Denture
      bases, gold, cements, alginates and alloys].

PMID- 6596767
TI  - Intraoral adenolymphomas.

PMID- 6596768
TI  - [The effect of tumor promotors on cell morphology, population kinetics and
      differentiation].

PMID- 6596766
TI  - [Is paracetamol an ideal analgesic, without further critique that can replace in
      dental practice the use of acetylsalicylic acid?].

PMID- 6596769
TI  - [Dosage reduction using intensifying screens in panoramic tomography].

PMID- 6596771
TI  - Laminated veneers--an economic alternative.

PMID- 6596773
TI  - Myofascial trigger points: their importance and diagnosis in the dental office.

PMID- 6596770
TI  - [HLA antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus patients].
AB  - A study was made of the rate of HLA system antigens in 75 patients with different
      clinical versions and immuno-pathological manifestations of systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE). A total of 350 normal subjects comprised the control group.
      During SLE, a high rate of DNW3, B8 and AI antigens was revealed. Associative
      relations were established between individual clinical syndromes of SLE and
      immuno-pathological manifestations of the disease and definite antigens of the
      HLA system. The results of typing HLA system antigens can be used as additional
      criteria of SLE diagnosis, disease prediction, and choice of adequate therapy
      schemes.

PMID- 6596772
TI  - Fluoride distribution in enamel and cementum of human fluorosed and non-fluorosed
      mandibular molar teeth.

PMID- 6596774
TI  - Treatment of cleft lip and palate. Part I: Registration, documentation, case
      history and plan of therapy.

PMID- 6596775
TI  - SEM observations of the effects of KOH- and water-washing on amine- and sodium
      fluoride-induced precipitates on ground human enamel.

PMID- 6596776
TI  - Morphological changes in the pulps of teeth in the line of jaw fractures.

PMID- 6596777
TI  - [Malocclusion and the personality of children].

PMID- 6596778
TI  - [Visible light lamps for resin polymerization].

PMID- 6596779
TI  - Radiological diagnosis V. Focal sclerosing osteomyelitis.

PMID- 6596780
TI  - Reactivation of human placental 17 beta, 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase:
      affirmation of affinity labeling principles.
AB  - Human placental 17 beta, 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was completely
      inactivated by the affinity alkylator, 3-bromoacetoxy-1,3,5(10)-estratrien-17-one
      (estrone 3-bromoacetate). The inactivated enzyme was then reactivated to 100% of
      the enzyme activity by base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the steroidalester-enzyme
      conjugate. After the reactivated enzyme was repurified by dialysis, re
      inactivation studies were performed on it. The reactivated enzyme could not be re
      inactivated by the original alkylator, estrone 3-bromoacetate. However, 16 alpha
      bromoacetoxyestradiol-17 beta 3-methyl ether caused a loss of reactivated enzyme
      activity at a rate comparable to that for the native enzyme. These observations
      demonstrate that a specific amino acid modification within the enzyme active site
      was produced by estrone 3-bromoacetate alkylation and suggest that the
      conformation of the active center was essentially unaltered. Thus, these
      successful reactivation studies of 17 beta, 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
      affirm the specificity of affinity labeling. This methodology also offers a new
      tool to investigate the steroid binding regions of macromolecular proteins.

PMID- 6596781
TI  - [Prevention and early treatment as basic strategy of a national health program].

PMID- 6596782
TI  - [Etiological concepts of dental caries as a basis for preventive care
      strategies].

PMID- 6596783
TI  - [New information on the mechanism of fluoride action].

PMID- 6596784
TI  - [Value of fluoride toothpastes in a regimen for caries prevention].

PMID- 6596785
TI  - [Remineralization of initial lesions and surface properties of acid erosion].

PMID- 6596786
TI  - [Clinical importance of calcium hydroxide-tetracycline pastes for the vital
      conservation of the dental pulp].

PMID- 6596787
TI  - [Epidemiology and etiology of gingivitis].

PMID- 6596788
TI  - [Epidemiology and etiology of marginal periodontitis. Concepts of increased
      risk].

PMID- 6596789
TI  - [Chemoprevention of gingivitis].

PMID- 6596790
TI  - [Anodic polarization of non-precious metal casting alloys compared to Sipal 306].

PMID- 6596791
TI  - [Prevention of clefts of the lip, jaw, palate, and velum].

PMID- 6596792
TI  - [Elucidation of the scheme of professional standards for radiographic diagnosis.
      Principle studies of the teeth, the tooth-supporting structures and the adjoining
      regions of the jaw].

PMID- 6596793
TI  - Increased conception rate in dairy cows after PGF2 alpha.

PMID- 6596794
TI  - Increased conception rate in dairy cows after PGF2 alpha.

PMID- 6596795
TI  - Understanding genetic and environmental risk factors in susceptible persons.
AB  - Most major chronic diseases probably result from environmental factors
      accumulating over time in genetically susceptible persons. A detailed family
      history assessment can help identify the subset of the general population with a
      strong predisposition to certain major diseases. An understanding of the
      environmental factors promoting disease development will facilitate more
      effective prevention or delay disease in a targeted susceptible population. To
      effectively use this growing knowledge in genetics and epidemiology, health
      professionals need to motivate people to follow sound recommendations for
      preventing and delaying disease.To increase the efficiency and effectiveness of
      strategies for health promotion and disease prevention, family history data can
      help determine those diseases for which persons have the greatest risk. They can
      then concentrate their primary efforts on those preventive measures that will
      most likely benefit them.

PMID- 6596796
TI  - [Physician-patient relations in endogenous psychoses].
AB  - The doctor-patient relationship is described as a specific form of interaction
      also in patients with endogenous psychosis. In this relationship the
      characteristics of the basic personality structure underlying the disease process
      are being revealed. The schizophrenic psychotic patient can thus experience a
      revival of the specific human - the mortal nature transcending - theme of
      existential philosophy and the aspect of aggression as part of man's social
      existence. This can lead to a higher level of sophistication and enhance his
      healing process. Thymoleptic and neuroleptic drugs are viewed as helpful in the
      establishment of a solid doctor-patient relationship which is a precondition to
      recognize and possible solve the structural problems underlying the disease
      process. Insights derived from the rehabilitation of endogenous psychotic
      patients specially of social psychiatric departments are used as heuristic models
      also for the every-day praxis.

PMID- 6596797
TI  - [Problems of the rising generation of physicians].

PMID- 6596798
TI  - [Health problems from the politician's point of view].

PMID- 6596799
TI  - [The future and structuring of internal medicine].

PMID- 6596800
TI  - [Structuring of internal medicine].

PMID- 6596801
TI  - [Root canal treatment. Cross-sectional measurements and other methods].

PMID- 6596802
TI  - Localization of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
      and diaphorase in the testis and epididymis of the brown spiny mouse, Mus
      platythrix, Bennet.

PMID- 6596803
TI  - [Mineral and trace element determination in human osteosarcoma. Case report].
AB  - The concentrations of calcium and magnesium, and of the trace elements iron,
      copper, manganese and zinc were determined in the amputation specimen of a 25
      year-old patient with osteosarcoma and compared with the tumor-free, normal bone
      tissue. Not only the concentrations of calcium and magnesium, but also those of
      the trace elements were significantly higher in the osseous portion of the tumor.
      The periosseous concentrations of trace elements iron, copper and zinc were also
      significantly higher in the tumor than in the normal bone tissue.

PMID- 6596805
TI  - [The bionator in interceptive treatment--indications and limits].

PMID- 6596804
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy and elementary analytic studies of osteosarcoma].
AB  - By scanning electron microscopical (SEM) screening analyses of 14 osteosarcomas
      characteristic three-dimensional structures of tumor osteoid could be
      demonstrated. These osteoid formations are highly characteristic for
      osteosarcoma; we did not find them at any other bone tumor or tumor like lesion
      until now. With these results a better understanding of characteristic growth
      patterns of bone tumors could be achieved by SEM. No specific results could be
      found by elementar analysis, x-ray microanalysis, x-ray fluorescence and x-ray
      diffractometer techniques. The significance of single interesting values has to
      be evaluated in the future.

PMID- 6596806
TI  - [Symptoms and diagnosis of temporomandibular joint diseases].

PMID- 6596807
TI  - [Gout and its relation to the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6596808
TI  - [Questions on the psychogenesis of intraoral lichen ruber planus and geographic
      tongue].

PMID- 6596809
TI  - [A case of transposition of a supernumerary tooth].

PMID- 6596810
TI  - [Indications and contra-indications for endosseous implants in the jaw region].

PMID- 6596812
TI  - [Must the cusps of lateral tooth inlays be connected? A critical study of 2500
      long-term cases].

PMID- 6596811
TI  - [Irreversible pulp damage due to physical injury].

PMID- 6596813
TI  - [Medico-spray--a new aid for oral hygiene].

PMID- 6596814
TI  - [Questions on the in vivo testing of the biocompatibility of non-precious metal
      alloys].

PMID- 6596817
TI  - [Effect of a rotating radiographic anode tube on picture quality].

PMID- 6596815
TI  - [Effect of prostaglandins on in vitro electrolyte metabolism in human spongiosa].
AB  - Prostaglandins seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of juxtaarticular
      osteopenia in rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore the influence of prostaglandins on
      in vitro electrolyte metabolism of human trabecular bone was tested. Trabecular
      bone was prepared from femoral heads of patients who had undergone hip
      replacement surgery for coxarthrosis. 500 mg samples of trabecular bone were
      incubated in modified Eagle's minimal essential medium. Net electrolyte movements
      between bone and incubation medium were measured. PGE2 caused an increase in the
      release of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) from bone into incubation medium as
      compared to controls (PGE2 1 micrograms/ml: Ca = 0.87 +/- 0.09 mmol/l*, Mg = 0.44
      +/- 0.03 mmol/l*; controls: Ca = 0.81 +/- 0.09 mmol/l, Mg = 0.41 +/- 0.05 mmol/l;
      n = 15, *p less than 0.001). The effect of PGE2 was dose-dependent and comparable
      to the effect of human parathyroid hormone 1-34 (hPTH 1-34). PGE2 turned out to
      be the most potent prostaglandin on human trabecular bone. PGE1 and PGF2 alpha
      had about 50% and PGF1 alpha about 40% of the potency of PGE2. PGA1 and PGA2 had
      no effect. The effect of PGE2 could be completely inhibited by human calcitonin
      (hCT), similar to the inhibition of the effect of hPTH 1-34 by hCT. The effect of
      PGE2 was not further enhanced by hPTH 1-34. Magnesium metabolism was affected in
      all experiments in the same way as calcium metabolism. Phosphate metabolism,
      release of alkaline phosphatase and hydroxyproline from bone into incubation
      medium were not affected by prostaglandins.

PMID- 6596816
TI  - [Dental cervical hypersensitivity: deep fluoride application with an liquid
      enamel sealant].

PMID- 6596818
TI  - Effect of theophylline F2-alpha-induced contractile activity of the uterus.
AB  - Prostaglandins are now extensively used for abortions and for inducing labour in
      all three trimesters of pregnancy. Owing to the side-effects associated with
      parenteral administration, preference is now given to local application. This,
      however, may also give rise to an extreme or inadequate stimulation of the
      uterus. Therefore, therapeutic procedures capable of effectively influencing
      exogenous PGF2-alpha-induced uterine contractions and even spontaneous hyperergic
      uterine contractions are of clinical importance. Theoretically, methylxanthine
      derivatives may be used in view of their well-known smooth muscle relaxant
      effect.

PMID- 6596819
TI  - Abortion-inducing effect of prostaglandin F2-alpha in the mid-trimester of
      pregnancy.
AB  - Prostaglandin (PG) F2-alpha was administered extraamnially to 70, and
      intraammially to 51 pregnant women to induce abortion in the 14th to 28th weeks
      of pregnancy. With intraamnial infusion of PGF2-alpha (25 mg/8-12 hours), the
      mean induction time was 27.1 hours and thus, oxytocin, too, was required in 19.6%
      of the cases. With extraamnial infusion of 5 mg PGF2-alpha at 4 to 6 hour
      intervals, mean induction time was 34.0 hours and addition of oxytocin was
      required in 46.1% of the cases. Moreover, if 15 to 30 mg of PGF2-alpha was
      infused at 18 to 29 hour intervals, or 1 mg at 2 hour intervals, the induction of
      abortion was considerably prolonged. In primigravidae, or in the 14th to 18th
      weeks pregnancy, the abortive effect of PGF2-alpha was weaker than in
      multigravidae or in the 19th to 28th weeks of pregnancy. In the case of
      intrauterine fetal deaths, the abortive effects was more marked than in intact
      pregnancies. After extraamnial infusion of PGF2-alpha, the uterine contractions
      were less coordinated than after intraamnial dosage. In about one-third of
      abortion induced by extraamnial PGF2-alpha, the fetal heart was found to work for
      5 to 15 minutes after abortion.

PMID- 6596821
TI  - Topical treatment of psoriasis with corticosteroids.

PMID- 6596822
TI  - Phototherapy of psoriasis with UVB.

PMID- 6596823
TI  - Photochemotherapy of psoriasis.

PMID- 6596820
TI  - Topical treatment of psoriasis with dithranol.

PMID- 6596824
TI  - Retinoids and psoriasis.

PMID- 6596825
TI  - Cytostatic agents.

PMID- 6596826
TI  - Organization of psoriasis treatment and psychosocial aspects.

PMID- 6596827
TI  - Topical treatment of psoriasis with tar.

PMID- 6596828
TI  - Second European Symposium on Psoriasis. Trieste, Italy, October 7-9, 1983.

PMID- 6596831
TI  - Second international symposium on cochlear implants. Paris, France, September 22
      24, 1983.

PMID- 6596829
TI  - Vascular changes of methotrexate-related disseminated necrotizing
      leukoencephalopathy.
AB  - We investigated cerebral lesions of methotrexate (MTX)-related disseminated
      necrotizing leukoencephalopathy (DNL) in two autopsy cases of leukemia by the
      reconstruction technique of the serial sections and thick sections (700-800
      microns) stained with silver impregnation to detect the topographic relation
      between the vascular changes and parenchymal lesions. We revealed the vascular
      changes, such as fibrinoid degeneration, hyalinized thickening of the vascular
      wall, dilatation of lumen and stenosis due to swelling of the endothelial cells
      and exsudation in the wall, particularly prominent in venules and capillaries of
      venous side in the territory of the superficial medullary veins. There were no
      remarkable changes in the arteries, except for the moderate endothelial swelling
      of arteriolar capillaries. The parenchymal lesions were topographically
      associated with these vascular changes, and the small necrotic foci confluented
      each other and formed large irregular necrotic foci. We considered that the DNL
      may be ascribed to dyshoric damage of the veins and capillaries of the venous
      side and that the mechanism of vascular injury was probably due to the prolonged
      direct action of intrathecal MTX on the vessels.

PMID- 6596830
TI  - Oral progesterone and estrogen/progestogen therapy. Effects of natural and
      synthetic hormones on subfractions of HDL cholesterol and liver proteins.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of progesterone after oral administration were investigated.
      After a single dose of 100 mg, serum concentrations of progesterone around 50-60
      nM and of 20 alpha-hydroxy-4-pregnene-3-one around 5-6 nM were recorded within 1
      4 hours and elevated levels persisted for 8-12 hours. There were only minor
      changes in 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone concentrations and serum levels of
      androstenedione and cortisol were unaffected. A significant conversion of
      circulating progesterone into deoxy-corticosterone was demonstrated. During
      clinical treatment with oral progesterone the individual serum concentrations of
      this potent mineralocorticoid were closely correlated to the progesterone
      concentrations. This observation could be important as regards the etiology of
      certain clinical disorders characterized by fluid retention. According to
      competitive binding analyses there was no evidence that progesterone or
      medroxyprogesterone acetate could cause significant displacement of cortisol from
      corticosteroid-binding globulin during clinical treatment. The effects of natural
      and synthetic hormones upon subfractions of high density lipoprotein (HDL)
      cholesterol and liver proteins were followed in postmenopausal women during
      replacement therapy with various estrogen-progestogen combinations. The total
      serum cholesterol level was significantly reduced during treatment with all
      estrogen regimens. The concentrations of HDL cholesterol, HDL2 cholesterol,
      apolipoprotein A I and A II were increased in a dose-dependent pattern during
      unopposed estrogen therapy. The potency of 10 micrograms of ethinyl estradiol was
      estimated to be equivalent to 3-4 mg of estradiol valerate. Estrogen effects were
      significantly reversed by levonorgestrel 250 micrograms and also by
      medroxyprogesterone acetate 10 mg. During treatment with natural progesterone, no
      changes were recorded in HDL cholesterol or its subfractions. As compared with
      the lipoproteins, pregnancy zone protein and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)
      were found to be more sensitive to the alkylated than to the non-alkylated
      estrogen. Both levonorgestrel and medroxyprogesterone acetate clearly reduced
      SHBG levels after 3 months, whereas micronized progesterone had no such effect.
      While tamoxifen counteracted the therapeutic and metabolic effects of estrogen
      the sequential addition of estriol had no apparent influence. Unopposed estrogen
      treatment enhanced liver lecithin synthesis along pathway I, i.e. reduced the
      amount of stearic acid and increased the amount of palmitic acid. The effects
      were dose-dependent and no qualitative differences between ethinyl estradiol and
      estradiol valerate were recorded.

PMID- 6596832
TI  - Psychophysics of 12 channels implant.
AB  - A battery of psychophysic tests has been designed through a computerized command
      of the patient's emitter. Because of the fatigability of these implanted
      patients, especially in the case of deaf-mute children, and the tedious aspect of
      these exams only 4 tests are commonly used: the threshold level in a Bekesy way,
      the tone decay test, the 2 channels discrimination at different intensity levels,
      the lowest intensity discrimination. If the electrode impedances have been per
      operatively measured, these tests are useful to understand the particular
      phonemic discrimination difficulties of each patient.

PMID- 6596833
TI  - The nucleus multi-channel implantable hearing prosthesis.
AB  - The Nucleus Multi-channel Implantable Hearing Prosthesis was developed in
      conjunction with the University of Melbourne. A 22 channel flexible electrode
      array is inserted into the cochlea through a round window opening. A cable leads
      from the electrode array to a demountable connector mounted on the Receiver
      Stimulator unit (RSU). A custom CMOS integrated circuit is mounted inside the
      hermetically sealed titanium and ceramic RSU which is encased in silicone rubber
      and measures 34.5 mm diameter and 10.5 mm thick. Biphasic current pulse stimuli
      can be delivered to any selected electrode pairs at rates in excess of 1 kHz. A
      pocket-sized speech processor extracts spectral information from the incoming
      acoustic signal, and encodes stimulus information onto the single RF power/data
      signal transmitted to the RSU through the skin. The Speech Processor includes
      electronic memory circuits which are programmed with the information mapping
      acoustic parameters to stimulation parameters for each electrode for each
      patient. This MAP is established as a result of psychophysical experiments
      performed by the audiologist using the Diagnostic and Programming System based on
      a customized microcomputer.

PMID- 6596834
TI  - Effects of signal processing by the House-3M cochlear implant on consonant
      perception.

PMID- 6596835
TI  - Electrical characteristics of a set of electrodes.
AB  - A 12-electrode device has been implanted in the cochlea of a deaf human patient.
      The electrical impedances have been measured for sine-wave excitation at
      frequencies ranging from 100 to 3000 Hertz. Based on these results, an equivalent
      electrical circuit has been designed and its parameters computed. In addition,
      the patient's perception thresholds for sine-wave pulses at similar frequencies
      have been measured.

PMID- 6596836
TI  - Sound signal processing.

PMID- 6596838
TI  - Description of the French 12 channel cochlear implant.
AB  - The sound information is sequentially transmitted to 12 electrodes implanted in
      the cochlea. An electrode bearer introduced through the round window is now
      commonly used. Frequencies between 100-4 000 Hz and intensities between 40-100 db
      are only transmitted in a 3 msec time sampling. The output signal is a positive
      square wave followed by an equal negative wave. Its voltage varies from 2.5 to
      6.5 volts. Its duration varies from 0 to 200 microsec. Its frequency is equal or
      inferior to 300 Hz. The outside emitter weighs 600 g. This system has been
      implanted in 58 patients and allows partial speech discrimination without
      lipreading for more than 6 years.

PMID- 6596837
TI  - A signal processor for a multiple-electrode hearing prosthesis.
AB  - A 22-electrode implantable hearing prosthesis uses a wearable speech processor
      which estimates three speech signal parameters. These are voice pitch, second
      formant frequency and flattened spectrum amplitude. The signal is monitored
      continuously for periodicity in the range 80-400 Hz and, if this is present,
      stimulation occurs at the same rate. Otherwise, as in the case of unvoiced
      sounds, it occurs at the random rate of fluctuation of the signal envelope. The
      second formant is obtained by filtering to extract the dominant peak in the
      midband region and by continuous measurement of the zero crossing rate. The
      amplitude measured is that of the whole speech spectrum, pre-emphasized by
      differentiation. The values that are presented to the patient are the parameter
      estimates immediately prior to the stimulation pulse. Second formant frequency is
      coded by selection of an appropriate electrode in the cochlea and amplitude by a
      suitably controlled current. Automatic gain control is used to keep the dynamic
      range of the amplitude estimate within the 30 dB range of the circuitry.

PMID- 6596839
TI  - Cochlear implants. Selection of patients.
AB  - Apart from detailed clinical ENT investigations on the indication for cochlear
      implant, we considered the following conditions and corresponding preliminary
      investigations to be indispensable: (1) confirmation of diagnosis of complete
      deafness, (2) the detection of sufficiently functional auditory nerve fibers, (3)
      clarification of the sociocultural conditions of the patient, (3.1) family
      conditions; possibility of auditory training at home, (3.2) psychological state,
      motivation for auditory training, and (3.3) degree of intelligence. Individual
      points are explained in accordance with our statistical data.

PMID- 6596840
TI  - Prognostic evaluation of the multichannel cochlear implant.
AB  - Preoperative appreciation of the future clinical results of the multichannel
      cochlear implant is important to assess in the case of pre- or post-lingual total
      deafness, in order to improve the patients selection. The psychological status of
      the future implanted is one of the main concerns because the post-operative
      reeducation efficacity depends on the patient's motivation. The Round Window
      electrical stimulation test supplies us with important and measurable data
      (electrical threshold level, tone decay test). The age of the patient, the age
      and the etiology of the deafness, the vestibular status and the cochlear
      tomodensitometry only offer non-decisive informations. The patient's
      socialisation level is a considerable factor. But per-operative observations are
      sometimes and surprisingly determinant (electrode impedances, ossified cochlea).
      Moreover immediate post-operative electrical and psychophysic data must also be
      considered.

PMID- 6596842
TI  - Cochlear implants. Clinical results: the rehabilitation.
AB  - In principle, an acoustic contact with the environment can be achieved in all
      cochlear implant patients. However, the results vary greatly in our 37 surgically
      treated cases. On average, our patients can (1) perceive background noises, (2)
      recognize different human voices, (3) differentiate differences in pitch, (4)
      improve lip reading and (5) improve pronunciation appreciably. (6) In addition,
      closed speech is largely understood. Apart from these average values, we were
      able to observe a beginning of open speech in 20% of the cases (simple sentences
      from everyday speech). A precise statistical documentation is presented with an
      evaluation table we have elaborated. The results of comparison between the pre
      lingual and post-lingual patients are analyzed statistically. The special
      significance of subjective evaluation of the advantages of cochlear implant on
      the part of the patients is pointed out. The lower age limit in our patient
      material is 10 years.

PMID- 6596841
TI  - Results of the round window electrical stimulation in 460 cases of total
      deafness.
AB  - In order to avoid false and quantitatively unprecise responses the stimulating
      electrode must be directly placed on the round window membrane. That necessitates
      a transmeatal approach removing the eardrum, which is commonly achieved under
      local anesthesia. The positive response is subjectively easy to identify; it may
      be objectively registered by means of brain stem evoked responses; this
      registration is indispensable in case of children who need general anesthesia.
      This positive response signifies that some cochlear nerve fibers are still
      present, and therefore that the rehabilitation of the cochlear implant is
      possible. Among the 460 totally deaf, stimulated patients, more than 93% of them
      presented a positive response. The threshold level voltage value represents a
      statistically significant representation of the functional value of the electrode
      nerve interface. The features of the tone decay tests, which may be also
      subjectively or objectively performed, present important data which may be used
      to predict the clinical results that can be obtained by the cochlear implant.

PMID- 6596843
TI  - Cochlear implant: experience of the Lyon team.

PMID- 6596844
TI  - Auditory capabilities of patients implanted with the House single-channel
      cochlear implant.

PMID- 6596845
TI  - Cochlear implants. Clinical results.

PMID- 6596847
TI  - Clinical results using a multiple-channel cochlear prosthesis.
AB  - A total of eight profoundly deaf patients have been implanted with the Nucleus
      Limited multiple-channel cochlear prosthesis at the University of Melbourne since
      it became available in late 1982. All patients are everyday users of the device.
      Speech testing using the device alone has shown consistently high scores for a
      variety of closed set tests and significant levels of open set speech
      understanding in most of the patients. Lipreading assessment with phoneme, word,
      sentence and speech tracking material shows significant improvement when using
      the prosthesis for all patients tested. Other benefits reported are recognition
      of environmental sounds, decrease in tinnitus, increased confidence in social and
      vocational situations and improved voice control. One patient is able to cope
      with interactive conversations over the telephone and three others are able to
      use the telephone in a limited way without special codes.

PMID- 6596846
TI  - Results and perspectives with extracochlear round window electrodes.
AB  - The results obtained with implanted electrodes at the round window are comparable
      to results with electrodes in the scala tympani or in the hearing nerve in
      respect to frequency and amplitude resolution with pulsatile and sinusoidal
      stimulation (with considerable interpatient variations). Although the subjective
      quality of the perceived sounds is expected to vary depending on the stimulation
      site, it seems that timing effects of electrical stimulation may play a major
      role in pitch perception as required for voice and sound recognition or prosody
      identification. Our technique is a safe procedure involving only routine middle
      ear surgery to place the induction coil within the mastoid bone and to put an
      electrode at the round window margin. By an external stimulator, sounds are
      transformed to electrical stimuli suited to excite surviving fibers of the
      cochlear nerve. This helps the patient to communicate and provides some basic
      cues for speech discrimination.

PMID- 6596848
TI  - Clinical results of the French multichannel cochlear implant.
AB  - Clinical assessment and results are described in 66 patients (among them 20 were
      less than 20 years old). Voice changes may be objectively observed on sonograms.
      Phonetic discrimination depends on the electrical and nervous status of the
      implanted deaf cochlea. Discrimination of words and sentences with reference
      list, but without lipreading, is commonly obtained. Discrimination of unknown
      words is more difficult and varies from one patient to the other. Discrimination
      with lipreading progress elicited by the device depends on the pre-operative
      status and the own possibilities of each patient. Psychoaffective improvement is
      evident in every case, especially in 3 cases of autistic deaf-mute children. We
      shall try to summarize the efficacity of the French 12-channel cochlear implant
      regarding the clinical results we obtained in 66 patients who have been implanted
      between October 1976 and September 1983. Among them, 39 suffered from pre-lingual
      deafness and 27 from post-lingual deafness.

PMID- 6596849
TI  - Preliminary assessment of the Los Angeles, Vienna and Melbourne cochlear
      implants.
AB  - We tested four patients using the single-channel cochlear implant from Los
      Angeles, three patients using the single-channel cochlear implant from Vienna,
      and two patients using the multichannel cochlear implant from Melbourne. Tests
      from the MAC battery and the Iowa Cochlear Implant Battery were used. Most
      patients were able to identify some environmental sounds. Three of the patients
      had difficulty distinguishing between male and female voices, and three could not
      distinguish between a noise and a voice. All patients had difficulty
      discriminating between unknown speakers of the same sex. A four-choice spondee
      test in noise showed that all patients suffered drastically from background
      noise. In all cases there was an improvement in lipreading ability with the
      implant. On a sentence test with a contextual cue seven patients got some words
      with sound alone. Results obtained with the multichannel implant are superior on
      several tasks, but we have tested too few patients to allow us any firm
      conclusions.

PMID- 6596850
TI  - Cochlear prosthesis: clinical results.

PMID- 6596851
TI  - Cochlear implant: our preliminary experience.
AB  - We have performed cochlear implants on 16 patients (12 cases with the plug type
      electrodes and 4 cases with the coil type electrodes) with analogue single
      channel electroacoustic stimulators. The follow-up period was 8 months to 3
      years. The selection of patients, operative approach and the results of these
      cases are presented. Our present cochlear implant can bring the totally sensory
      deaf patient back to the world of sound but the sounds heard are distorted so
      they are unable to discriminate speech, although it improves their lipreading
      capacity and sense of safety. The results are encouraging but much more is to be
      desired and further research and investigation are required.

PMID- 6596852
TI  - Implant material tolerance.
AB  - After surgical and antibiotic destruction of guinea pig cochleas non specific
      lesions appear which seem more due to this destruction than to the electrode
      implantation or chronic stimulation. Moreover, despite these lesions, the
      electrical threshold level value necessary to elicit brain stem evoked responses
      in these implanted animals does not vary in time. The electrical chronic
      stimulation of the newborn deafened guinea pigs cochlea prevents the cochlear
      nucleus atrophy observed in the non stimulated animals. In man the implanted
      material tolerance is perfect provided this material is covered by a Silastic or
      teflon sheet and is located far from the skin incision. Degradation of isolating
      material occurred only in case of chronic movements. For this reason device and
      electrodes must be placed above and behind the ear. The waterproofness of the
      implanted receptor is indispensable to avoid physiological liquid penetration
      inside the electronic device. High level voltage stimulation may involve bubble
      formation responsible for temporary system failure; this drawback is suppressed
      by enlarging the electrode tip surface allowing low level stimulation. The
      threshold level and the frequency discrimination of the implanted electrodes did
      not change for more than 6 years. Post-operative infection occurred especially in
      case of pre-operative chronic otitis; it may be due also to the large use of
      "Histoacryl". However, these infections, which never affected the threshold level
      voltage of the implanted electrodes, are no longer encountered since we use
      "Tissucol", exclude the middle ear closing the Eustachian tube, and employ our
      electrode bearer.

PMID- 6596853
TI  - Comparison of cochlear histopathology following different approaches in guinea
      pigs and findings gained by regeneration material in humans.

PMID- 6596855
TI  - Analysis and synthesis of speech regarding cochlear implant.

PMID- 6596854
TI  - Consequences of auditory deprivation in animals and humans.
AB  - An electron microscopic study of the cerebral cortex of mutant deaf mice (Deol's
      dn gene) has shown differences in synaptic organisation between these mice and
      normally hearing ones. In the auditory cortex of the deaf mice, there are fewer
      synapses and these are larger than in the normally hearing, whereas there is no
      difference between these two categories in the visual cortex. These results are
      the reverse of those observed by other authors in the occipital cortex of rats
      raised in an enriched or impoverished environment. In humans, the functional
      consequences of early hearing loss have been investigated on moderately to
      severely deaf (60-80 db mean loss) youngsters, who have been tested for their
      capacity of categorical perception, auditory discrimination, and production of
      significant contrasts between stop consonants. Categorical perception was absent
      in all but one subject. Auditory discrimination was poor for both the voiced
      voiceless contrast and the place of articulation contrast. In the production
      experiments, the subjects had greater difficulty in producing the voiced
      voiceless than the place of articulation contrasts. The possible relevance of
      these animal and human studies to cochlear implantation is discussed.

PMID- 6596856
TI  - Our extra-scalar operating method of cochlear implantation. Experience with 46
      cases.
AB  - We attempted to elaborate an operating method, whereby the electrodes could be
      placed without opening the scale tympani or vestibule. In this respect the medial
      wall of the tympanic cavity, i.e. the bony cochlear wall provides the most
      favourable means of access. It is easy to reach surgically and provides adequate
      access to the cochlea.

PMID- 6596857
TI  - Sound signal processing.
AB  - In the CHORIMAC-12, the French device, the whole speech information despite its
      redundancy is transmitted to the few cochlear nerve fibers that are still
      present. Only loud speech intensities between 40 db and 100 db are introduced in
      a filter battery which gives out the frequency information in 12 channels
      including the 100-6000 Hz. This 60 db intensity scale is transmitted in a
      compression rate of about 6 db. The time sampling is 3 msec. A 12 electrode
      bearer or 12 separate electrodes (in case of ossified cochlea) transmit the
      electrical information. The electrical stimulus is a square wave: its frequency
      is equal or inferior to 300 Hz; its voltage may vary between 2.5 and 6.5 volts;
      its duration may vary between 0 and 200 mu sec. The performances of the system is
      demonstrated by means of a system of computerized psychophysic tests and speech
      intelligibility tests.

PMID- 6596858
TI  - Disseminated fungal infection. A review of 20 autopsy cases.
AB  - In the study of disseminated fungal infection, in consecutive autopsy cases
      between 1974 and 1982, we have found this infection in 20 cases (2.55% in all
      autopsy cases and 16.8% of deep-seated fungal infection). Candidiasis was present
      in 11 cases, aspergillosis in 8 cases, and mucormycosis and cryptococcosis in 1
      case each. One case showed the disseminated infection by both Candida and
      Aspergillus. All of the 20 cases had underlying disorders. Hematologic disorders
      were most frequent and were present in 15 cases. In contrast to the small yellow
      disseminated foci of candidiasis, the lesion by Aspergillus and Mucor were
      relatively larger, hemorrhagic, and necrotic. Cryptococcal lesion showed a small
      gelatinous appearance. All of the fungal lesion were devoid of significant
      inflammatory reaction. Lymphocytopenia (less than 500/mm3) was present in 13
      cases out of 16 cases (not examined in the remaining 4 cases). Eight cases had
      long-standing indwelling intravenous catheters, including two cases in which the
      catheters apparently played an important role in the development of disseminated
      candidiasis. Ante-mortem diagnosis was established or suspected in only seven
      cases. Possible means of the prevention of fungal infection is also discussed.

PMID- 6596859
TI  - Transmural distribution of glucose uptake in the rat heart: effects of mechanical
      work load, substrate supply and exercise.
AB  - Glucose uptake is greater in the subendocardial layer of a Langendorff-perfused
      rat heart than in the subepicardial layer during basal conditions and also under
      basal conditions in the rat in vivo. The increase of aortic pressure in vitro or
      physical exercise in vivo causes the disappearance of the transmural gradient in
      glucose uptake, as does also the elimination of the mechanical work load by
      potassium induced cardiac arrest. Co-infusion of alternative substrates (oleate,
      lactate or acetate) causes an overall inhibition of cardiac glucose uptake but
      does not affect its proportional regional uptake. The left ventricular work load
      seems thus to be the major determinant of the transmural distribution of the left
      ventricular glucose uptake. Chronic physical exercise results in the
      disappearance of the transmural gradient in glucose uptake measured in isolated
      perfused heart. This redistribution of glucose uptake may reflect differences in
      the adaptative response of various myocardial layers to a long-term intermittent
      increase in the cardiac work load.

PMID- 6596860
TI  - The responses of the systemic and pulmonary circulations to intravenously
      administered clonidine in anaesthetized dogs.
AB  - We have studied the immediate (0 to 30 min) effects of an i.v. bolus of clonidine
      (0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 15 micrograms/kg of b.w.) on systemic and pulmonary
      haemodynamics in anaesthetized (morphine, pentobarbital), artificially
      ventilated, normotensive beagle dogs. Clonidine initially raised and then
      decreased aortic pressures in a dose-dependent manner except in the case of dose
      10 micrograms/kg when only a rise was observed. The effects on pulmonary arterial
      pressures were less consistent, and only at doses 3 to 5 micrograms/kg was the
      clear diphasic response pattern recognized. Heart rate and cardiac output
      decreased. Systemic vascular and pulmonary arterial resistances increased with
      the greatest increase soon after administration of the drug administration. Right
      atrial and pulmonary arterial wedge pressures increased. Additionally, we
      explored the effects of atropine with and without clonidine, which were increase
      in heart rate, cardiac output and aortic pressures but a decrease in right atrial
      and pulmonary arterial wedge pressures. It was concluded that clonidine induces a
      dose-dependent vasoconstriction in both systemic and pulmonary circulations, and
      pressure changes, thus, depend on peripheral vasomotion and flow. Atropine
      restores heart rate and also partially flow, but cannot abolish clonidine induced
      vasoconstriction.

PMID- 6596861
TI  - Left ventricular responses to intravenous administration of clonidine in
      anaesthetized dogs.
AB  - We have evaluated left ventricular function in anaesthetized (morphine,
      pentobarbital), artificially ventilated, normotensive beagle dogs immediately (0
      to 30 min) after i.v. bolus injection of clonidine (1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15
      micrograms/kg of b.w.) using computer assisted catheterization technique.
      Clonidine decreased heart rate and prolonged pre-ejection, ejection and diastolic
      periods significantly. Cardiac output, mean systolic ejection rate, left
      ventricular (LV) dP/dtmax and Vmax decreased (p less than 0.05 to 0.01). LV peak
      pressure and aortic pressures decreased but the decrease was preceded by an
      initial rise at doses 5 to 10 micrograms/kg. At dose 15 micrograms/kg the rise
      persisted through the whole period. LV filling and end-diastolic pressures
      increased while end-diastolic and stroke volumes decreased. These changes
      indicate negative chronotropic and inotropic effects and increment in preload
      with the latter being a situation met in the case of proper LV filling. Tension
      time index and mean outflow resistance, however, indicate reduction in LV oxygen
      consumption at doses less than 10 micrograms/kg. It is suggested that enhancement
      of parasympathetic tone would account for these changes.

PMID- 6596862
TI  - Relationship between the changes in heart rate and cardiac output during the
      Valsalva maneuver.
AB  - Ten young (average age 20 years) healthy male volunteers performed the Valsalva
      maneuver (40 mmHg for 15 seconds) in the supine and the upright position. The
      heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV) and the cardiac index (CI) were registered
      using ECG and impedance cardiography. During the expiratory strain of the
      Valsalva maneuver the HR increased about equally in the two positions while the
      decreases in the SV and the CI were in the supine position significantly greater
      than in the upright position. The CI decreased to equal levels in both positions
      after 15 seconds of strain. The rise in the HR due to the expiratory strain did
      not correlate significantly with the decrease in the CI in either position. The
      correlation between the HR rise and the SV decrease was almost significant (p
      less than 0.05) in the supine position and significant (p less than 0.01) in the
      upright position after 5 seconds of strain but not after 10 or 15 seconds. These
      observations suggest that the relationship between the rise in the HR and the
      decrease in the venous return does not remain constant during 15 seconds of
      expiratory strain. Perhaps the cardiopulmonary baroreceptor reflexes affect the
      HR after five seconds of strain more than they do after 10 or 15 seconds of
      strain.

PMID- 6596863
TI  - Time-related characteristics of aortic arch baroreceptor and left atrial B-type
      receptor activities.
AB  - Influence of i.v. saline infusion on aortic arch pressure, mean left atrial
      pressure, heart rate, and the time-related characteristics of aortic arch
      baroreceptor and left atrial B-type receptor activities were studied in 20 beagle
      dogs. Saline infusion induced tachycardia in 10 dogs and bradycardia in 10.
      Aortic arch and left atrial pressure increased equally in both heart rate
      response groups. The duration of baroreceptor activity increased in the group
      responding with bradycardia but stayed constant in the group responding with
      tachycardia. Changes in the duration of baroreceptor inactivity period
      significantly reflect changes in the duration of aortic diastole. It was
      concluded that from the duration of the baroreceptor inactivity period it is
      possible to inform CNS about the duration of cardiac cycle and thus inform it of
      the heart rate.

PMID- 6596864
TI  - Water and electrolyte balance in male mink (Mustela vison) on varying dietary
      NaCl intake.
AB  - The effect of a ten-day dietary sodium load on the fluid balance of mink was
      studied by adding to the food NaCl 0.5, 1 or 2% of the wet weight. The basic diet
      without salt addition contained sodium corresponding to 0.5% NaCl of the wet
      weight. The animals showed no signs of discomfort, eating well in all test
      groups. Adding of 0.5% salt to the food did not increase drinking of water,
      whereas 1 and 2% salt addition doubled and quadrupled water consumption,
      respectively. Urine excretion was slightly higher than consumption of drinking
      water, and both increased parallelly to increasing salt intake. The dietary salt
      excess was mainly excreted in urine, whereas the alimentary canal played only a
      minor role. Urine sodium concentration rose with increasing salt intake, peak
      concentration 350 mM being reached in the diet with 1% salt addition. On higher
      sodium load any further increase in renal sodium excretion was achieved only by
      increasing the volume of urine. Urine osmolality was slightly above 2000 mOsm/kg
      on the control diet and on the diet with 0.5% salt addition. More diluted urine
      was excreted on higher salt loads, urine osmolality being 1500 mOsm/kg on the
      diet with 2% salt addition. Healthy minks appear to tolerate considerably high
      concentrations of salt in the feed. However, a sufficient supply of drinking
      water is of critical importance, because increased water intake and renal sodium
      excretion are the main means of eliminating excess salt.

PMID- 6596865
TI  - Fully rectified, integrated, band (FRIB-) EMG analysis in quantifying muscle
      activity. Development of a new field equipment.
AB  - A new approach for the study of muscular activity applicable in field and
      laboratory conditions has been developed. The instrument is portable (375 g) and
      battery operated. The signals are obtained through a surface electrode attached
      to the skin above the muscle. A reference electrode is applied to a bony area
      close by. The third electrode, to remove 50 Hz disturbance, is attached at a
      distance from the muscle to be registered. A time domain band EMG signal is fully
      rectified and integrated. The isolation of the device is done with an
      optocoupler. The EMG activity to be thus registered is not hampered by other
      external or internal (ECG) electrical signals. The recordings can also be made
      when the person is working quite freely. The recorded values correlate linearly
      (up to r = 0.99) with the load of the muscle. The angular coefficients obtained
      with different loads correlate inversely with the strength of the persons. When
      muscle fatigue develops during a static loading, the registered EMG tends to
      decrease while simultaneously oscillating. During the recovery from the fatigued
      state the response to intermittent loadings indicates that the electrical
      activity pattern varies with time. With the method developed it is possible to
      detect locally increased electrical activity at rest or during muscle function
      testing, and it permits the followup of therapeutic measures.

PMID- 6596866
TI  - Heart rate variation in relation to age and sleep state in neonatal lambs.
AB  - The heart rate (HR), heart rate variation (HRV) and the power spectrum of the HR
      were studied in 1 to 10-week-old neonatal lambs. The average HR was highest and
      the indices of the HRV were lowest at the age of 1 to 3 weeks. However, there was
      a decreasing trend in the overall HRV with advancing age when it was normalized
      in relation to the average HR. The absolute beat-to-beat HRV increased after the
      age of 3 weeks; it remained the same when normalized in relation to the HR. The
      overall HRV was highest during waking and active sleep; it was lowest during
      quiet sleep. The beat-to-beat HRV was lower during quiet sleep than during active
      sleep. Three major peaks of HRV power were detected in the spectra of all lambs.
      During active sleep the HRV power increased at all frequencies ranging from 0 to
      1.0 Hz. During waking the low-frequency HRV power was primarily increased. The
      high-frequency HRV was pronounced during quiet sleep and the state of sleepy
      waking, especially at the age of 4 to 6 weeks. Our study indicates that
      developmental factors and the sleep state have to be considered when HR patterns
      are experimentally investigated. Many similarities between the HR control of
      neonatal lambs and that of human neonates make it feasible to study the
      mechanisms of clinical HRV patterns by lamb experiments.

PMID- 6596868
TI  - Electrical activity of neurons cultured in vivo.
AB  - A method is presented, where glass microchambers (1 X 2 mm) are implanted in
      various brain regions of 4-10 days old rats. The microchamber contains a collagen
      coated coverglass with cell material taken from the same region of a littermate.
      Investigation of the neural growth occurs after 4-14 days, on an inverted phase
      contrast microscope in a temperature and pH controlled, oxygenated BSS medium.
      Various growth geometries of neurons are observed and microelectrode recordings
      reveal spontaneous and electrically evoked spike and complex activity.

PMID- 6596867
TI  - Spectral sensitivity in insect photoreceptors at a range of temperatures.
AB  - The function of the visual receptors of blowflies (Calliphora erythrocephala) was
      studied using intracellular recording techniques where by the eye was kept at
      various temperatures below room temperature. Cooling was found to reduce the
      response amplitude, decrease the time course, and increase the latency. The Q10
      as calculated from different recordings and from various temperature steps was
      found to be dependent both on the temperature range and the stimulation
      intensity, although more on the latter. From different kinds of spectral
      sensitivities of the receptor cells those with a double peak (UV and green) were
      studied with regard to the effect of the temperature change. We found a
      difference in the relative sensitivity change of the two peaks if the temperature
      was lowered. The sensitivity in UV remained enhanced in relation to green after
      cooling. This finding can be considered as supporting the sensitizing pigment
      theory, according to which the double peaked spectral sensitivity is explained by
      assuming a photostable pigment transferring the energy to the photopigment. This
      support is valid if the UV sensitivity at room temperature is assumed to be
      higher, and is limited by the reduced energy transfer to the photopigment caused
      by the increased mobility of the sensitizing pigment.

PMID- 6596870
TI  - [Composite materials in dentistry--chemical composition and setting reaction].

PMID- 6596869
TI  - [Interactional treatment of eating behavior disorders].
AB  - The Eating Disorders Center (EDC), is a clinical-research project of the Mental
      Research Institute (MRI) centered in the study and treatment of Anorexia Nervosa
      (Self Starvation), Bulimia (binge-eating and purging) and weight/diet
      obsessions/compulsions. This paper presents: a) A brief description of the
      Center, both in its research and clinical aspects. The clinical program is
      centered in the application of the MRI's brief interactional approach to the
      treatment of eating disorders. The research project is being developed. b) A
      definition of terms, taken from the Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM
      III) and how these eating disorders have shown an increase in recent years. c) A
      brief discussion of theories of etiology and maintenance in the field of eating
      disorders. This point includes the perspective on eating disorders of several
      theoretical models, and how we believe that it is the societal model the one that
      can account for the recent increase of eating disorders.

PMID- 6596871
TI  - [Physical and mechanical properties of dental composites].

PMID- 6596872
TI  - [Biological implications of a new dentinal adhesive].

PMID- 6596873
TI  - [Clinical use of different composites as a function of various indications].

PMID- 6596874
TI  - [Sequelae of frontobasal injuries and their treatment].

PMID- 6596875
TI  - Lipoma of the cheek. Report of a case.

PMID- 6596876
TI  - [Oral manifestations of Crohn's disease].

PMID- 6596877
TI  - [Laboratory and clinical study of ofloxacin in the treatment of bacterial
      prostatitis].
AB  - Ofloxacin (OFLX), a new pyridonecarboxylic acid derivative for oral use, was
      administered in the treatment of 22 cases of bacterial prostatitis (acute 4,
      chronic 18). In advance of the clinical trial, the concentration of OFLX in
      prostatic fluid (PF) was determined following administration of the drug to 3
      patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis at a stationary phase. Assays
      revealed antibiotic concentrations of a mean level of 1.34 micrograms/ml in 3 PF
      samples. The ratios to the plasma antibiotic level (R value) averaged
      approximately 1.10. In clinical use, the drug was given at a daily dosage of 300
      600 mg for 5-21 days. The bacteriological response of the infections caused by
      gram negative bacteria, in all eight patients (100%) was complete eradication,
      whereas that in 14 cases (including 5 mild infections) caused by gram positive
      cocci, was excellent or moderate in 10 (71%) and poor in 4 cases. Adverse
      reactions were observed in 2 cases; complaint of diarrhea (drug administration
      was discontinued in 1 case). No abnormal values such as of kidney or liver
      functions or of peripheral hematology were encountered. From the data obtained
      ofloxacin was concluded to be highly effective, safe and useful in treatment of
      bacterial prostatitis.

PMID- 6596878
TI  - [Intravesical instillation therapy of aclacinomycin-A (ACM) for superficial
      bladder tumor].
AB  - Thirty-nine patients with superficial bladder cancer underwent intravesical
      instillation therapy of Aclacinomycin-A (ACM). Antitumor effect of ACM was
      evaluated in 19 patients and objective responses (CR + PR) of tumor were observed
      in 84.2% of these patients. Prophylactic instillation therapy of ACM was carried
      out on 20 patients and the results were compared with those obtained for 10
      control patients who had first episode of bladder tumor and received no
      instillation therapy. No significant difference in the recurrent rate was
      observed between these two groups. The major side effect for instillation therapy
      with ACM was bladder irritation which appeared in 38.5% of all the patients.

PMID- 6596879
TI  - [Prostatic tissue and fluid levels of DL-8280].
AB  - The concentration of DL-8280, a new pyridone carboxylic acid, in the prostatic
      tissue and fluid after oral administration to man was studied. The drug was
      concentrated in the prostate and the concentration was dose-dependent. The ratios
      of prostatic tissue and fluid levels to serum levels were 1.62-1.79 and 1.65
      1.96. respectively.

PMID- 6596881
TI  - Medical emergencies: the team approach.

PMID- 6596880
TI  - Physical evaluation.

PMID- 6596883
TI  - Anorexia nervosa and bulimia: disorders with oral implications.

PMID- 6596882
TI  - Occupational hazards in dental practice.

PMID- 6596884
TI  - Visualization of the epiglottis in routine oral examinations.

PMID- 6596885
TI  - Non-dental pharmacotherapeutics.

PMID- 6596886
TI  - [Clinical significance of the measurement of tooth length using the Endocater and
      endodontic meters].

PMID- 6596887
TI  - [Experimental study on cartilage transplantation. Homocartilage transplantation
      between immature rabbits and mature rabbits].

PMID- 6596888
TI  - [Experimental study on cartilage transplantation. Immunological examination of
      homocartilage transplantation].

PMID- 6596890
TI  - [Epidemiologic studies on cleft lip and/or palate. I. The classification of cleft
      types in the general population].

PMID- 6596889
TI  - [Experimental study on the cleft lip and palate. I. Induction of cleft palate in
      ddY mice by suspension of dexamethasone].

PMID- 6596891
TI  - [Periodontal disease and the width of attached gingiva. II. The width of attached
      gingiva in young people].

PMID- 6596892
TI  - [Experimental study of lyophilized cartilage. Histological and histochemical
      studies of homotransplantation into muscle and into ear cartilage of lyophilized
      auricular cartilage].

PMID- 6596893
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of cardiac anti-arrhythmia agents: classical and current
      concepts reevaluated.

PMID- 6596894
TI  - Future perspectives in antiarrhythmic drugs.

PMID- 6596895
TI  - Enzyme engineering 7.

PMID- 6596896
TI  - Mechanisms of irreversible thermoinactivation of enzymes.

PMID- 6596897
TI  - Hydroxylation by hemoglobin-containing systems: activities and
      regioselectivities.

PMID- 6596898
TI  - Stabilization of subunit enzymes by intramolecular crosslinking with bifunctional
      reagents.

PMID- 6596899
TI  - Characterization of a new class of thermophilic pullulanases from Bacillus
      acidopullulyticus.

PMID- 6596900
TI  - New properties of chymotrypsin modified by fixation with a hydrophobic molecule:
      hexanal.

PMID- 6596901
TI  - Gramicidin S synthetase stabilization in vivo.

PMID- 6596903
TI  - Hybrid biosensor for clinical and fermentation process control.

PMID- 6596902
TI  - A simple inulin assay for renal clearance determination using an immobilized beta
      fructofuranosidase.
AB  - Current hospital practice for testing renal function is to use the creatinine
      clearance test. Inulin clearance, an inherently more accurate procedure,
      currently is only carried out by specialized laboratories because there is not a
      simple biochemical assay for inulin, that is, an assay that could be carried out
      by any laboratory without special facilities. We have developed a simple
      enzymatic assay system for measuring inulin in plasma and urine. The procedure
      uses a beta-fructofuranosidase immobilized on Concanavalin A to convert inulin to
      fructose. Fructose is then measured by measuring the NADH----NAD conversion
      produced when fructose is converted to sorbitol by the enzyme sorbitol
      dehydrogenase. Kinetic parameters, binding capacities, and operating conditions
      for the immobilized beta-fructofuranosidase were determined as well as general
      operating parameters for the complete assay system. This system offers the
      potential for replacing the creatinine clearance test as the assay of choice for
      renal function.

PMID- 6596904
TI  - Oxalate-sensing enzyme electrode.

PMID- 6596905
TI  - L-amino acids from a racemic mixture of alpha-hydroxy acids.

PMID- 6596906
TI  - [Acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Therapeutic results apropos of 52
      cases].

PMID- 6596907
TI  - Synergy of imipenem or penicillin G and aminoglycosides against enterococci
      isolated from patients with infective endocarditis.
AB  - We tested the synergistic activity of imipenem (formerly imipemide, N-formimidoyl
      thienamycin, or MK 0787) (20 micrograms/ml) or penicillin (20 micrograms/ml) in
      combination with increasing concentrations of either streptomycin (5, 10, and 20
      micrograms/ml) against 13 strains of streptomycin-susceptible enterococci or
      gentamicin (1, 3, and 5 micrograms/ml) against 13 strains of streptomycin
      susceptible enterococci and 7 strains of streptomycin-resistant enterococci. At
      24 h, penicillin together with each increment in streptomycin concentration
      resulted in a significant increase (P less than 0.001) in killing of streptomycin
      susceptible enterococci compared with imipenem and the corresponding
      concentration of streptomycin. Similarly, at 24 h, the magnitude of killing of
      streptomycin-susceptible enterococci by a combination of penicillin plus each
      increment of gentamicin concentration was significantly greater (P less than
      0.001) than that of the combination of imipenem and the corresponding
      concentration of gentamicin. Against streptomycin-resistant enterococci,
      penicillin together with each increment of gentamicin concentration killed
      significantly more enterococci (P less than 0.02) than did the combination of
      imipenem and the corresponding concentration of gentamicin. When combined with an
      aminoglycoside, the synergistic activity in vitro against enterococci of imipenem
      was significantly less than that of penicillin.

PMID- 6596908
TI  - Selection and microencapsulation of an "NADH-oxidizing" bacterium and its use for
      NAD regeneration.
AB  - An alternative approach to the regeneration of coenzymes is described here using
      immobilized microorganisms possessing "NADH-oxidase" function. Bacteria
      containing NADH-oxidase activity are immobilized by microencapsulation within
      artificial cells. In this form, the microencapsulated bacteria can recycle NADH
      back to NAD in the presence of molecular oxygen as an electron acceptor. The only
      byproduct of the recycling reaction is water. In order to perform the biological
      regeneration of NAD, the activity of NADH-oxidase was investigated in 13 strains
      of aerobic bacteria and yeast. The NADH-oxidizing bacteria Leuconostoc
      mesenteroides exhibited the highest activity among the microorganisms tested. The
      permeabilized bacteria showed 10% of their initial activity after
      microencapsulation. Light and electron microscopy studies of bacteria loaded
      microcapsules have been done. Enzymatic properties of microcapsule-immobilized
      bacteria were investigated in comparison with those of the free enzyme complex.
      Leuconostoc mesenteroides, containing NADH-oxidase, has been microencapsulated
      together with 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 alpha-HSDH) for
      stereospecific steroid oxidation. In a batch reactor, 2 mg of NAD, with
      recycling, allowed the same substrate consumption as 4.4 mg of NAD without
      recycling. The microencapsulated system can be used repeatedly. The system is
      functional for 10 h, during which time each molecule of NAD has been used 7.6
      times.

PMID- 6596909
TI  - Placental steroid sulphatase deficiency.
AB  - Low maternal plasma and urinary oestrogen concentrations in pregnancy are usually
      indicative of fetal problems, either placental insufficiency or fetal adrenal
      hypoplasia. Paediatricians, however, should follow obstetricians in becoming
      increasingly aware that deficiency of placental steroid sulphatase activity, a
      condition related to X linked ichthyosis, may produce the same abnormalities.

PMID- 6596910
TI  - Placental proteins in the normal menstrual cycle, in occult pregnancy and in
      early normal pregnancy in the same subject.
AB  - Assays of SP1 and of hCG were done in three successive menstrual cycles in a
      woman undergoing artificial insemination from a donor. The day of ovulation was
      determined by basal body temperature, and by assays of oestradiol and
      progesterone. In the first cycle no placental proteins were detected, in the
      second cycle there was a transient peak of SP1 and hCG 4 days after ovulation. In
      the third cycle both proteins were first detected 12 days after ovulation, then
      increased rapidly in concentration and the patient went on to a normal pregnancy.

PMID- 6596913
TI  - [1984 report of the German Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck
      Surgery. II: Meeting report].

PMID- 6596912
TI  - [Labyrinthine hearing disorders].

PMID- 6596914
TI  - [Audiology].

PMID- 6596911
TI  - Contribution to the pathogenesis of dysmenorrhea.
AB  - Menstrual blood was collected from five eumenorrheic and seven dysmenorrheic
      women aged between 20 and 35 years for a period of three cycles each. The levels
      of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 6-keto
      prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-k-PGF1 alpha)-the stable metabolite of prostacyclin
      (PGI2)-, oestradiol, oestrone, and progesterone were determined
      radioimmunologically. Both eumenorrheic and dysmenorrheic women showed identical
      blood losses. The levels of oestradiol excreted by the dysmenorrheic women were
      markedly elevated as compared to the non-dysmenorrheic subjects (2 p less than
      0.05). Oestrone excretion was in the same order of magnitude in all subjects
      examined. The concentration of progesterone per menstruation was significantly
      higher in the eumenorrheic women (2 p less than 0.02) than in the dysmenorrheic
      patients. Menstrual excretion of PGF2 alpha was 2.5 times higher in the
      dysmenorrheic women compared to the normal subjects (2 p less than 0.05). The
      levels of PGE2 was identical in both groups. Excretion of 6-k-PGF1 alpha was
      significantly lower in the dysmenorrheic women than in the eumenorrheic subjects
      (2 p less than 0.02). The oestradiol/progesterone ratio showed a distinct
      predominance of oestradiol in the dysmenorrheic patients. PGF2 alpha dominance in
      the dysmenorrheic patients is expressed by the PGF2 alpha/6-k-PGF1 alpha and the
      PGF2 alpha/PGE2 ratios. A shift in the oestradiol/progesterone ratio in favour of
      oestradiol seems to be the underlying pathogenic principle of dysmenorrhea. The
      oestradiol dominance is associated with a shift in the PGF2 alpha/PGI2 and the
      PGF2 alpha/PGE2 proportions. Thus, the PGF2 alpha predominance and a simultaneous
      reduction of PGI2 in uterine tissue seem to be responsible for dysmenorrheic
      bleeding.

PMID- 6596915
TI  - [Paranasal sinuses].

PMID- 6596916
TI  - [Otitis].

PMID- 6596917
TI  - [Salivary glands].

PMID- 6596918
TI  - [Larynx, hypopharynx, trachea].

PMID- 6596919
TI  - [Nasal function tests].

PMID- 6596920
TI  - [Middle ear; otosclerosis].

PMID- 6596921
TI  - [Clinical and experimental oncology].

PMID- 6596923
TI  - [Ear abnormalities; tympanoplasty].

PMID- 6596922
TI  - [Thermal reaction of the labyrinth in weightlessness in space. Reflections on the
      theory of Barany].

PMID- 6596924
TI  - [Nevi, hemangiomas and lymphangiomas in the head and neck area].

PMID- 6596925
TI  - [Internal ear biology].

PMID- 6596926
TI  - [Oropharyngeal tumors].

PMID- 6596927
TI  - [Surgical treatment of oropharyngeal tumors].

PMID- 6596929
TI  - Under-employment of dentists in Western Australia.

PMID- 6596928
TI  - Peripheral cryoneurotomy in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

PMID- 6596930
TI  - School canteen menus in metropolitan Adelaide.

PMID- 6596931
TI  - Aneurysmal bone cyst of the jaw. Case report.

PMID- 6596932
TI  - Aspects of the chemistry of zinc phosphate cements.

PMID- 6596933
TI  - Torus palatinus. A clinical study.

PMID- 6596934
TI  - Cysts associated with deciduous molars following pulp therapy.

PMID- 6596935
TI  - Quality assurance in hospital dental practice.

PMID- 6596936
TI  - Guidelines for dental treatment: dentistry and pregnancy. Statement from the
      National Health and Medical Research Council.

PMID- 6596937
TI  - Prostaglandin therapeutics in the bitch and queen.
AB  - The use of prostaglandin F2 alpha as an abortifacient and for the treatment of
      certain diseases affecting the reproductive system of the bitch and queen is
      reviewed. Doses of 0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg PGF administered by intramuscular or
      subcutaneous injection at intervals of 24 or 48 h after mid-gestation appears to
      be a satisfactory luteolytic-- abortifacient regime for use in dogs and cats.
      Doses of 0.25 to 0.5 mg/kg in the bitch and 0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg PGF in the queen, at
      intervals of 24 or 48 h, may be used as an adjunct to the therapy of metritis,
      endometritis or pyometritis. A median lethal dose of 5.13 mg/kg has been derived
      for use of PGF in the bitch and this is thought to be similar for use of PGF in
      the queen. Side effects of defecation and/or vomition may be observed in the
      bitch and queen using routine therapeutic doses.

PMID- 6596938
TI  - Psychiatric consultancy in major disaster.

PMID- 6596939
TI  - Psychopathology and development: II. Childhood experiences and personality
      development.
AB  - Concepts and empirical findings are reviewed with regard to personality
      development and to the role of childhood experiences in that process. It is
      concluded that personality development cannot be reduced to the stabilisation of
      behavioural traits, to the production of a fixed personality structure or to the
      acquisition of social-cognitive skills, although there is some form of
      personality organisation in terms of habits, attitudes, concepts and styles of
      behaviour. Personality development takes place in a social context, with both
      continuities and discontinuities stemming from maturational and experiential
      factors and interactions between them. Chains of indirect linkages result from
      complex patterns of circular processes involving reciprocal interactions between
      children and their environments. No single mechanism is responsible and no one
      theory provides an explanation.

PMID- 6596940
TI  - Secondary premature ejaculation.
AB  - Secondary premature ejaculation is a definite entity which can be due to a
      variety of causes--physical, pharmacological and psychological. The sparse
      literature on this subject is reviewed and a series of 25 cases of diverse and
      sometimes unusual aetiology reported. The fact that ejaculatory control can be
      adversely affected by a variety of physical and psychological conditions has
      implications for theories as to the cause of the much commoner entity of primary
      premature ejaculation, for which there is still no generally agreed-upon
      aetiological formulation.

PMID- 6596941
TI  - Ash Wednesday: the effects of a fire.
AB  - The psychological effects of bushfires that devastated areas of South Australia
      on Ash Wednesday 1983 are described. We emphasise the need to assess the various
      components of a disaster to understand its immediate and long-term impact. In the
      inventory phase, much of the symptomatic disturbance is different from that seen
      in psychiatric clinic populations and is best dealt with in the early stages
      using a consultation model. Providing information about the nature of these
      reactions is helpful for those affected and for service personnel managing
      disaster relief. In the reconstruction phase, it is important for relief agencies
      to be aware of the ways in which grief and psychological morbidity can interfere
      with people's ability to make decisions and carry out practical tasks.

PMID- 6596942
TI  - The experience of a mental health team involved in the early phase of a disaster.
AB  - The reactions of a volunteer mental health team which convened in the aftermath
      of the 1983 Ash Wednesday bushfires are reported. A questionnaire designed to
      explore psychological and physical responses was completed by the 19 staff who
      made up the team. Using both open-ended and closed questions, the questionnaire
      tapped such areas as motivation, goals, expectations and observations, initial
      and later emotional and physical reactions, fantasies and evoked memories; an
      evaluation of the service and the experience was also included. Analysis of
      responses indicated that team members experienced considerable stress during
      their post-disaster work but also gained a great deal at both professional and
      personal levels. Sources of stress are discussed as are recommendations for their
      alleviation.

PMID- 6596943
TI  - Mental health, absences from work, stress and satisfaction in a sample of New
      Zealand primary school teachers.
AB  - A study of 296 primary school teachers in New Zealand revealed a very low
      correlation between mental health, measured by the General Health Questionnaire,
      and absence from work. The correlations between mental health and feelings of
      stress at work and between mental health and job satisfaction were higher. The
      most highly rated sources of stress were ranked, as were the most highly rated
      sources of satisfaction. It is suggested that teachers' experiences of stress are
      associated with lack of satisfaction with intrinsic aspects of their job rather
      than with dissatisfaction at their conditions of employment.

PMID- 6596945
TI  - Agoraphobia and the dexamethasone suppression test: atypical depression?
AB  - The tricyclic antidepressants and the monoamine oxidase inhibitors have been
      shown to be effective in the treatment of some patients with phobic and panic
      disorders. To explain this action it has been suggested that a number of these
      patients may have an atypical biological depression. In an attempt to test this
      hypothesis we used the dexamethasone suppression test (DST), which has been
      proposed as a state dependent biological marker of depression. We compared the
      non-suppression rate of agoraphobic patients suffering panic attacks with
      controls and with patients suffering major depression. Twenty-nine per cent of
      the agoraphobics showed non-suppression compared with 12% of the control group
      and 64% of the depressives.

PMID- 6596944
TI  - Feasibility of discharge of chronic psychiatric patients.
AB  - In a survey of all (2795) chronic psychiatric patients resident in Victorian
      Mental Health Division hospitals, charge nurses were asked to assess patients'
      levels of physical and psychological dependence on nursing care, aggressive and
      difficult behaviour and their preferred future placement. The vast majority were
      'old' chronic patients and nurses considered the present placement as the most
      appropriate for two-thirds of the surveyed population. We adopted our own
      criteria of placement needs, such as level of physical and psychological
      dependence, behavioural problems and treatment received. Of the 2795 patients,
      one-quarter (682) would require continuing hospital care. The remainder could be
      transferred, depending on their characteristics, to intensive or general nursing
      care homes, hostels or special accommodation houses, provided that such
      facilities are available and the participation of patients in various therapeutic
      activities was ensured.

PMID- 6596947
TI  - Capgras' syndrome: outmoded term for changeling delusions?
AB  - A case of so-called Capgras' syndrome occurring in an elderly woman showing
      several degenerative conditions is presented as a basis for questioning the value
      of preserving this diagnostic term. It is pointed out that the concept of the
      changeling has ancient provenance in man's thought down the ages, and that its
      occurrence in psychosis does not justify its ascription as a syndrome.
      'Changeling' or 'imposture' are terms which describe this kind of delusion
      usually occurring in underlying schizophrenic, affective and organic syndromes.

PMID- 6596946
TI  - Who treats in-patients with a primary psychiatric diagnosis?
AB  - Data are presented concerning all patients with a primary psychiatric diagnosis
      who were admitted to various hospitals in Western Australia during 1976-1978.
      Data were analysed, first, to ascertain the relative proportion of these patients
      who were admitted under psychiatrists and non-psychiatrists respectively; second,
      to compare the diagnoses of patients admitted under psychiatrists with those
      admitted under non-psychiatrists, and, third, to ascertain if there were any
      differences in terms of the first two measures between city and country patients.
      A high proportion of patients were admitted under non-psychiatrists. The majority
      of patients with a diagnosis of alcoholism, and a high proportion of patients
      with a diagnosis of neurosis, were admitted under non-psychiatrists. The majority
      of patients with a diagnosis of functional psychosis were admitted, under
      psychiatrists, to Mental Health Services hospitals and to psychiatric units at
      general teaching hospitals. Psychiatrists in private practice admitted mainly
      patients with a diagnosis of neurosis and personality disorder. The results are
      discussed in terms of the population distribution, the availability of
      psychiatric services and other factors which might influence the type of hospital
      to which patients are admitted and the type of doctor care they receive.

PMID- 6596948
TI  - A case of Capgras' phenomenon.
AB  - It has been suggested that neurological abnormalities may act in the pathogenesis
      of Capgras' phenomena. In this case, a schizophrenic male with Capgras' symptoms
      exhibited evidence of organic dysfunction suggested by the presence of abnormal
      neurological soft signs, an abnormal EEG, and an atypical computerised
      tomographic (CT) head scan. These findings suggest that organic factors may play
      a role in the development of Capgras' syndrome.

PMID- 6596949
TI  - Quality assurance project.

PMID- 6596950
TI  - Characteristics of N2 fixation in Mo-limited batch and continuous cultures of
      Azotobacter vinelandii.
AB  - Steady-state chemostat cultures of Azotobacter vinelandii were established in a
      simple defined medium that had been chemically purified to minimize Mo and that
      contained no utilizable combined N source. Growth was dependent on N2 fixation,
      the limiting nutrient being the Mo contaminating the system. The Mo content of
      the organisms was at least 100-fold lower than that of Mo-sufficient cultures,
      and they lacked the characteristic g = 3.7 e.p.r. feature of the MoFe-protein of
      nitrogenase. A characteristic of nitrogenase activity in vivo in Mo-limited
      populations was a disproportionately low activity for acetylene reduction, which
      was 0.3 to 0.1 of that expected from the rate of N2 reduction. Acetylene was also
      a poor substrate in comparison with protons as a substrate for nitrogenase, and
      did not markedly inhibit H2 evolution, in contrast with Mo-sufficient
      populations. In batch cultures in similar medium or 'spent' chemostat medium
      inoculated with Mo-limited organisms, the addition of Mo elicited a biphasic
      increased growth response at concentrations as low as 2.5 nM, provided that
      sufficient Fe was supplied. In this system V did not substitute for Mo, and Mo
      deficient cultures ceased growth at a 25-fold lower population density compared
      with cultures supplemented with Mo. Nitrogenase component proteins could not be
      unequivocally detected by visual inspection of fractionated crude extracts of Mo
      limited organisms. 35SO42-pulse-labelling studies also showed that the rate of
      synthesis of the MoFe-protein component of nitrogenase was too low to be
      quantified. However, the Fe-protein of nitrogenase was apparently synthesized at
      high rates. The discussion includes an evaluation of the possibility that A.
      vinelandii possesses an Mo-independent N2-fixation system.

PMID- 6596951
TI  - Identification and partial purification of a unique phenolic steroid
      sulphotransferase in rat liver cytosol.
AB  - Phenolic steroid sulphotransferase activity for both oestradiol and oestrone was
      identified in male rat liver cytosol in the 30 000-40 000 Mr fractions on gel
      filtration when activity was assayed at pH 5.5 (pH optimum 5.5-6.0). Activity for
      oestradiol but not oestrone was found in the 60 000-70 000-Mr range when assayed
      at pH 8.0 (pH optimum biphasic, 5.5-6.0 and 7.0-8.0). Km for oestradiol (1.3
      microM) was lower than published values for hydroxysteroid sulphotransferases (15
      35 microM) and previously reported oestradiol sulphotransferases (71-85 microM).
      At above 2 microM-oestradiol phenolic sulphotransferase activity exhibited
      substrate inhibition. The phenolic steroid sulphotransferase activity was found
      to be distinct in chromatofocusing from organic-anion-binding and bile acid
      binding proteins previously identified in this Mr range. Further purification on
      hydroxyapatite yielded a 44-fold enriched fraction that contained two monomeric
      bands, Mr 32 500 and 29 500.

PMID- 6596952
TI  - Different sensitivity of basilar and saphenous arteries to thromboxane A2-induced
      contractions. Effect of imidazole 2-hydroxybenzoate (ITF 182).
AB  - Superfused rings of rabbit basilar arteries are more sensitive than those of
      saphenous arteries to the contractions induced by a prostaglandin endoperoxide
      analogue (U-46 619) and by a thromboxane A2 (TXA2) generating system. 5
      Hydroxytryptamine aggravates the latter. Prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) on the other
      hand, relaxes only the basilar rings without affecting the saphenous. Imidazole 2
      hydroxybenzoate (ITF 182), at doses that do not interfere with platelet
      cyclooxygenase, reduces the contractions induced by the TXA2 generating system on
      both arteries because it reduces the platelet TXA2 synthetase enzyme. TXA2 is
      involved in the aetiology of strokes and cerebral vasospasms while PGI2 plays a
      physiological role in the maintenance of cerebral arterial tone. The high
      sensitivity of cerebral arteries to contractures caused by TXA2 together with the
      ability of ITF 182 to reduce them by inhibiting TXA2 production and to spare
      physiological PG production suggest a beneficial effect of the drug in cerebral
      vasospasms.

PMID- 6596953
TI  - [The antibacterial activity in vitro of ofloxacin in comparison with other orally
      administered antimicrobial substances on ampicillin-resistant clinical isolates].
AB  - The antibacterial activity of Ofloxacin (DL 8280, Hoe 280 Tarivid) against
      Ampicillin-resistant clinical isolates was compared to, Penicillin V, Tetracyclin
      HCl, Cefalexin, Cefaclor, Co-trimoxazole and nalidixic acid. Ofloxacin proved to
      be the most active compound against all species tested.

PMID- 6596954
TI  - Bone scan in Legg-Calve-Perthes' disease.

PMID- 6596955
TI  - Clinical spectrum and surgical management of anomalous origin of the left
      coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk.

PMID- 6596956
TI  - [United States public health objectives for 1990 and their application to Puerto
      Rico. III. Sexually transmitted diseases].

PMID- 6596957
TI  - Coma: pathophysiology and procedure guide.

PMID- 6596958
TI  - Pregnancy in patients with tricuspid atresia.

PMID- 6596959
TI  - Small-cell osteosarcoma of the mandible. Case report.
AB  - A case of small-cell osteosarcoma of the mandible in an 8-year-old girl is
      reported. This unusual variant may simulate Ewing's sarcoma and other small-cell
      neoplasms affecting jaws in children. The correct recognition of this type of
      tumor may be important for an appropriate choice of treatment.

PMID- 6596960
TI  - [Effect of series E and F prostaglandins on the reaction of the pentosephosphate
      pathway of carbohydrate metabolism in isolated perfused rat organs].
AB  - The effects of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha on oxidative and non-oxidative
      reactions of the pentose phosphate pathway of carbohydrate metabolism in isolated
      perfused liver and uterus of the rat were studied. The prostaglandins (0.5 X 10(
      8) M) activate dehydrogenase but do not practically affect the activity of non
      oxidative enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway. Upon perfusion of isolated
      rat liver and uterus by the prostaglandins, the degree of dehydrogenase
      activation depends on the perfusion time and the nature of the prostaglandins.
      Under effects of prostaglandin E2, the maximal activity of liver glucose-6
      phosphate dehydrogenase (280% above the normal level) was observed already after
      15 min, that of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (104% above the normal level)
      after 30 min. In the uterus, the maximal activity of these enzymes was induced by
      prostaglandin F2 alpha, showing an increase in the whole course of perfusion and
      after 1 hour exceeded the normal value by 120 and 80% for glucose-6-phosphate and
      6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenases, respectively.

PMID- 6596961
TI  - Biochemically-defined differentiation markers on human early haemopoietic (K562)
      cells.
AB  - Both haemin, contrary to a previous report, and the tumor promoter TPA induce
      pronounced changes in surface protein patterns of human erythroleukaemic (K562)
      cells. Three major surface proteins are down-regulated by both inducers. These
      are not merely growth-related proteins and therefore represent candidate markers
      for an early stage of haemopoietic differentiation.

PMID- 6596962
TI  - Phase I-II study of aclacinomycin for a treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.
AB  - Aclacinomycin A (ACM) was administered for induction treatment to 40 previously
      treated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. 38 patients aged 2 to 80 years
      (mean +/- SE, 35.0 +/- 3.2 years) with overt AML were evaluated; of these,
      seventeen patients were given ACM after an unsuccessful attempt to obtain a
      complete remission (CR) with various regimens comprising adriamycin (ADM) or
      daunorubicin (DNR) and were considered resistant to these drugs. Thirteen
      patients received ACM at a daily dose of 10 to 30 mg/m2 IV bolus until the
      maximum total dose of 300 mg/m2 per course was reached or until unacceptable
      toxicity appeared; of these patients, 2 (15%) attained a CR. Twenty-five patients
      were given 10-day courses of ACM at the daily dose of 15 mg/m2 IV bolus with 10
      day intervals between courses; with this regimen 11 patients (44%) attained a CR.
      The overall CR rate was 34%. Total doses necessary to attain a CR ranged from 150
      to 600 mg/m2. CR was attained by 6 patients (35%) of the 17 who were previously
      resistant to ADM or DNR. The incidence and severity of the toxic effects such as
      mucositis, diarrhea, vomiting and infection were related to the dose of ACM
      administered during each course of therapy. However, in patients who received 150
      mg/m2 per course the toxicity was within acceptable limits. Alopecia was not
      observed. Transient T-wave inversion was observed in 3 patients and atrial
      flutter developed in one patient. Therefore, we conclude that ACM is a new major
      drug in the treatment of AML.

PMID- 6596963
TI  - Experimental and clinical studies on aclarubicin in the treatment of solid
      tumors.
AB  - Experimental and clinical studies were performed on aclarubicin in the treatment
      of solid tumors. In experimental cancer chemotherapy using human tumor xenografts
      transplanted to nude mice, aclarubicin showed a moderate antitumor effect
      (retardation of tumor growth) and nearly the same spectrum of activity in vivo as
      Adriamycin (doxorubicin). In in vitro sensitivity tests using 3H-thymidine uptake
      inhibition of a single cell suspension prepared from xenografts, aclarubicin
      showed a stronger inhibition than that of Adriamycin, mitomycin C and
      cyclophosphamide. In phase II clinical studies in patients with solid tumors, 3
      intravenous dose schedules [schedule A: 20 mg (equal to 14 mg/m2) daily every
      other week, schedule B: 40 to 60 mg (28 to 42 mg/m2) twice a week, and schedule
      C: 60 to 100 mg (42 to 70 mg/m2) once a week] were investigated. Aclarubicin
      produced a 15 to 20% response rate for carcinomas of the stomach, lung, breast
      and ovary by schedules A and B. Dose-schedule limiting factors were digestive and
      hematologic toxicity.

PMID- 6596964
TI  - [Dynamic approach to the safe separation of the pterygomaxillary suture in Le
      Fort type I osteotomy. The strain distribution in the craniofacial bones using
      the Obwegeser osteotome].

PMID- 6596965
TI  - [Dynamic actions of tooth, periodontal membrane, and alveolar bone on tooth
      movement. 1. Use of triangular elements].

PMID- 6596966
TI  - Ultrastructure of capillary endothelium of monkey periodontal ligament.

PMID- 6596967
TI  - [Characteristics of high-speed dental X-ray film--regarding AGFA-GEVAERT DENTUS M
      2 (SOFTPAC)].

PMID- 6596969
TI  - Photoproducts of platonin (1).

PMID- 6596968
TI  - [Studies on isolated rat hepatocytes (6)].

PMID- 6596970
TI  - [Clinical study of asthenopia (1). Examination of the accommodative function].

PMID- 6596971
TI  - [Clinical consideration of floaters or myodesopsia].

PMID- 6596972
TI  - [Glycolysis in pig dental pulp. I. Partial purification of pyruvate kinase from
      pig dental pulp].

PMID- 6596973
TI  - [Geographical variation in the maturation of the ovaries of Drosophila lutescens
      and D. takahashii].

PMID- 6596975
TI  - [A case of a small ossifying fibroma].

PMID- 6596974
TI  - [A case of benign lymphoepithelial lesion--with special reference to
      histopathological findings].

PMID- 6596976
TI  - [Ultrastructural studies on the mineralization of autologously transplanted
      periosteum].

PMID- 6596977
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the Langerhans cell in the gingival epithelium].

PMID- 6596978
TI  - [Studies on the lethal factor in the mouse submandibular gland].

PMID- 6596979
TI  - [Properties of high molecular weight luting cements used as dental materials].

PMID- 6596980
TI  - [Clinical application of plastic point type II].

PMID- 6596981
TI  - [Study of orthodontic problems in patients with periodontal disease. 2. The
      malposition of teeth in periodontal disease].

PMID- 6596982
TI  - TEM observations on the crystallites of dentin and bone.

PMID- 6596983
TI  - [A case of pelvic kidney with several vascular anomalies].

PMID- 6596984
TI  - [Purification of pyruvate kinase from ascites Tawa sarcoma cells].

PMID- 6596985
TI  - [Association between HLA-antigens and periodontal disease].

PMID- 6596986
TI  - [The completed pole of Streptococcus mutans--morphological heterogeneity among
      the genospecies].

PMID- 6596987
TI  - [Effect of treatment posture on total body fatigue as seen in eye fatigue with
      rubber dam use].

PMID- 6596988
TI  - Experimental study on root canal enlargement with automatic contra handpiece and
      hand instrumentation.

PMID- 6596989
TI  - [Correlation between the facial width and the mesiodistal width of upper central
      incisor].

PMID- 6596990
TI  - [Experimental studies on the dynamics of ceramic implants--studies on the surface
      deformation of the mandible using laser holographic interference methods].

PMID- 6596991
TI  - [Measurement of interfragmental pressure in osteosynthesis of the mandible with
      AO plates].

PMID- 6596992
TI  - [The movement of molars with extraoral anchorage (V)].

PMID- 6596993
TI  - Studies on isolated rat hepatocytes (7). Influence of light irradiation on the
      activating effect of platonin.

PMID- 6596994
TI  - [Oral hygiene training in Mexican children (2). Comparison between Mexican
      children in Toluca and in towns around Toluca].

PMID- 6596995
TI  - [Epithelial changes in the nasal mucosa of patients with allergic rhinitis].

PMID- 6596996
TI  - [Clinical study of human corneal endothelium by non-contact specular microscope].

PMID- 6596997
TI  - [Occlusal rehabilitation combining Le Fort I osteotomy and prosthetic technics in
      a case of maxillary fracture].

PMID- 6596999
TI  - Financial planning for dental hygienists.

PMID- 6596998
TI  - [Mural ameloblastoma: a case report].

PMID- 6597000
TI  - Dental hygiene in Canada, 1964-1984: twenty years of professional growth and
      maturation.

PMID- 6597001
TI  - Inhibition of DMSO-induced differentiation by hyperthermia in a murine
      erythroleukemia cell system.
AB  - Friend erythroleukemia cells were induced by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) into
      erythroid differentiation, as characterized by the production of hemoglobin.
      Induction increased with DMSO concentrations up to 1.5% v/v, at which point about
      90% of the cell population produced hemoglobin as measured by a benzidine
      staining technique. Heat treatment at 39.0-40.5 degrees C during a 7-day
      incubation period, for differentiation in the presence of DMSO, resulted in the
      inhibition of hemoglobin induction. Also, acute heat treatments at 41.5-46.0
      degrees C before or after the addition of DMSO resulted in the inhibition of DMSO
      induction. This effect was greatest when DMSO was present during heating. The
      results support the conclusion that hyperthermia inhibits the differentiation
      process which is induced by DMSO treatment.

PMID- 6597002
TI  - Aclarubicin in the treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia refractory to
      treatment with daunorubicin and cytarabine: a phase II trial.
AB  - Aclarubicin (ACR) was administered in a prospective cooperative phase II trial to
      44 patients with possibly refractory acute nonlymphocytic leukemia who were
      previously treated with daunorubicin and cytarabine. Induction treatment
      consisted of 80 mg/m2 of ACR iv daily for 3 days, followed by 80 mg/m2 iv daily
      for 2 days in patients not obtaining a complete remission (CR) after 2-4 weeks.
      CR was observed in eight patients (18%) and partial remission was observed in six
      (14%). On monthly maintenance chemotherapy with ACR and cytarabine, the duration
      of CRs varied between 10 and 58 weeks. Achievement of remission was not related
      to age, presence or absence of Auer bodies, cytogenetic characteristics, or
      previous response to daunorubicin and cytarabine. Side effects were nausea and
      vomiting observed in 86% and diarrhea in 34% of the patients, whereas mucositis
      and alopecia were uncommon. Disturbances of cardiac function arousing suspicion
      of acute ACR toxicity were observed in seven patients. No case of chronic
      cardiotoxicity was observed, despite the fact that 20 patients received ACR doses
      greater than 400 mg/m2, with seven of the 20 having had a previous daunorubicin
      dose greater than 400 mg/m2. As CR was obtained in four of 14 patients with
      primary therapy-resistant leukemia and in two of 16 patients with relapse and no
      response to re-treatment with daunorubicin and cytarabine, ACR does not seem to
      show clinical cross-resistance to daunorubicin. Evaluation of ACR in first-line
      chemotherapy of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia appears justified.

PMID- 6597003
TI  - Phase II study of 4'-epi-doxorubicin in advanced breast cancer.

PMID- 6597004
TI  - [Acute abdomen caused by phlegmonous appendicitis and leukemic infiltration of
      the cecum in a patient with acute lymphatic leukosis in relapse: clinico
      therapeutic aspects].
AB  - We report a case of eleven years old child with an acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      who developed an acute abdomen while in haematological relapse. He had an acute
      appendicitis with leukemic infiltration of the coecum. The early surgical
      intervention and the coecum irradiation were successful: the following
      chemiotherapy achieved remission. A more aggressive surgical approach to the
      acute abdomen, combined with careful supportive measures, might improve the
      usually grim prognosis in patient whose leukemia offers a chance for remission.

PMID- 6597005
TI  - Intercellular junctions in an adenomatoid odontogenic tumor.

PMID- 6597006
TI  - Nicotinic response of the hamster submandibular ganglion cell after chronic
      preganglionic denervation.

PMID- 6597007
TI  - [Use of a myocutaneous pectoralis major island flap for mouth floor and
      hypopharynx reconstruction].

PMID- 6597008
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia and related bone diseases of the
      jaw].

PMID- 6597009
TI  - [Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6597010
TI  - [Filling of bone defects with granular calcium phosphate ceramic. Experimental
      animal studies with histologic results].

PMID- 6597011
TI  - [Complications after tooth transposition and their therapeutic impact].

PMID- 6597012
TI  - [Use of fibroptic intubation in oral and maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 6597013
TI  - [Prostaglandin synthesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma].

PMID- 6597014
TI  - [Set screws. Aids in orthodontic surgery].

PMID- 6597015
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of Articain after intramuscular injection in a
      male subject].

PMID- 6597016
TI  - [Squamous cell carcinoma in a fistula after osteosynthesis of a mandibular
      fracture].

PMID- 6597017
TI  - [Comparative study of conventional x-ray tomography versus computerized
      tomography in tumors of the craniofacial region].

PMID- 6597018
TI  - [Hereditary facial deformities in the rat (ESch-rat)].

PMID- 6597019
TI  - [Total replacement of the pinna with heat-polymerized silicon material-
      Mollomed].

PMID- 6597020
TI  - [Perioperative short-term prevention in oral and maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 6597021
TI  - [Adenomatoid odontogenic tumors as differential diagnosis in follicular cysts].

PMID- 6597022
TI  - [Therapy of chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible].

PMID- 6597023
TI  - [Preventive measures for the prevention of congenital abnormalities in
      epileptics].

PMID- 6597024
TI  - [Experimental studies on reinnervation of oral mucosal grafts in the dog].

PMID- 6597025
TI  - The adult facial profile: relationships between the inclinations of its segments.

PMID- 6597026
TI  - [Growth of gingival fibroblasts influenced by vidarabin].

PMID- 6597027
TI  - [Differential diagnosis and therapy of aneurysmal bone cysts].

PMID- 6597028
TI  - [A family with oto-dental dysplasia, odontomas, and pan-tonal hearing disorder].

PMID- 6597029
TI  - [Follicular cyst. Incidence, distribution, and problems in histologic
      identification].

PMID- 6597031
TI  - [Miniplate osteosynthesis in multiple osteotomies of the maxilla].

PMID- 6597030
TI  - [Effect of nitrogen oxide on hemodynamic parameters and catecholamine secretion
      of patients during oral-dental surgery under combined nitrogen oxide anesthesia
      and local anesthesia].

PMID- 6597032
TI  - [Risk of intracranial infection in combined neurosurgical and maxillofacial
      surgical management of craniofacial injuries].

PMID- 6597033
TI  - [Cystic teratoma of the upper jaw].

PMID- 6597034
TI  - [Plasma cell subpopulations in the minor salivary glands].

PMID- 6597035
TI  - [Age-related changes of the labial salivary glands--a morphometric analysis].

PMID- 6597036
TI  - [Histopathologic changes in bone marrow and in dental pulp in patients with
      trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 6597037
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint complaints in patients with changes in the form or
      position of the articular disk. Observations on diagnosis and surgical therapy].

PMID- 6597038
TI  - [Reconstruction of the otic auricle with endogenous material].

PMID- 6597039
TI  - [Possibilities and limits of the surgical correction of dysgnathism as a
      preprosthetic procedure].

PMID- 6597040
TI  - [The significance of modern neurophysiological study methods in the diagnosis of
      traumatic peripheral paresis of the facial nerve].

PMID- 6597041
TI  - [Complete unilateral osteolysis in the mandibular area. A case study].

PMID- 6597042
TI  - [Load bearing capacity after miniplate osteosynthesis of mandibular fractures].

PMID- 6597043
TI  - [Functionally stable tandem screw fixation in sagittal ramus osteotomy. Surgical
      technique, new instrumentation and experiences].

PMID- 6597044
TI  - [Free reimplanted bone lid in osteoplastic surgery of the frontal sinus].

PMID- 6597045
TI  - [Undesired side-effects in the implantation of gelatin sponges as packing in bone
      defects. Clinical and experimental findings].

PMID- 6597046
TI  - [Lip carcinoma (I). Primary lip carcinoma].

PMID- 6597047
TI  - [Lip carcinoma (II). Recurrent lip carcinoma].

PMID- 6597048
TI  - HLA complex and immune response in health and disease.

PMID- 6597049
TI  - Phagocytosis, bactericidal capacity, and PGE2 production of monocytes in systemic
      lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Peripheral blood monocytes from 10 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 10
      rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients as well as from 24 controls were studied for
      such functions as phagocytosis, bactericidal capacity, iodination, and PGE2
      production. Phagocytosis of opsonized erythrocytes, exploring only the Fc
      receptor, was increased in SLE and RA. Killing of Staphylococcus aureus was
      decreased in both SLE and RA in the presence of AB serum, but not in the presence
      of autologous serum. Iodination was, on the average, normal in SLE and elevated
      in RA. Prostaglandin E2 production was decreased in SLE (except with the highest
      concentration of Con A) and increased in RA. In SLE, functional alterations were
      more pronounced in clinically active than in inactive disease. These results show
      that in SLE and RA peripheral blood monocytes have alterations of their functions
      that are independent of serum factors. It is suggested that these abnormalities
      may be relevant to the pathogenetic mechanisms and evolution of these diseases.

PMID- 6597051
TI  - Unusual central nervous system infiltration in a patient with acute myeloid
      leukaemia.

PMID- 6597050
TI  - Paget's sarcoma--with two illustrative cases.
AB  - Two cases of Paget's sarcoma of bone are described. The first one is mainly
      characterized by the almost simultaneous degeneration of the only two existing
      locations of the underlying Paget's disease. The second case is one of monostotic
      Paget's disease of the scapula disclosed by the malignant degeneration.

PMID- 6597052
TI  - Community dentistry in Nordic dental schools.
AB  - Approximately a decade after the first plans for the teaching of community
      dentistry were made in the Nordic countries, a questionnaire survey of Nordic
      dental schools was conducted to find out to what extent community dentistry
      subjects had been introduced in undergraduate curricula. Replies were received
      from the 12 dental schools in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. These schools
      admitted 915 students in 1982-83. Seven had a department of community dentistry,
      and at least two others had plans to start one. About 100 h of teaching were
      given on community dentistry subjects during the 5-yr course of study, mostly on
      the traditional subjects of epidemiology, statistics, law and ethics. In some
      schools health education and other behavioral sciences subjects received a large
      amount of curriculum time. Decisionmaking theory and political science were not
      reported taught at any school. Three departments had attached clinics, with
      widely differing functions. The Nordic textbook in community dentistry was widely
      used, and separate examinations were held in community dentistry at most schools.
      Full-time postgraduate courses were offered at three schools. Although schools in
      all four countries expected the number of dental students to decrease in coming
      years, several schools expected community dentistry to expand with regard to
      curriculum time and staff, in keeping with trends in other countries.

PMID- 6597053
TI  - Orthodontic treatment-service studied retrospectively in a group of Danish
      children aged 15-16 years.
AB  - In a group of adolescent children in 9th grade attending a municipal dental
      health service, a certain amount of orthodontic treatment has been performed. 27%
      of the children had completed, or were undergoing, orthodontic appliance therapy.
      9% of the children had completed extraction therapy only. 4% were recorded as
      discontinued appliance treatments and 3% as discontinued after extraction of
      permanent teeth as the only treatment. 21% had no anomalies and no treatment and
      36% had a malocclusion but no treatment carried out. The effect of the
      orthodontic service was studied on the group as a whole according to the
      frequency and pattern of change in four selected malocclusion symptoms and to the
      degree of personal satisfaction about dental appearance and any orthodontic
      appliances. The individuals most satisfied with the results from their
      orthodontic treatment were found in the three middle socioeconomic groups.

PMID- 6597054
TI  - Uninstructed toothbrushing behaviour in young adults in relation to cigarette
      smoking in Newcastle.
AB  - Video recordings were obtained of 50 men aged 18-20 yr (25 smokers, 25 non
      smokers) brushing their teeth. From repeated viewing of the films the total
      brushing time and the number of strokes used in each of 16 areas of the mouth
      were obtained for each subject. Comparisons between smokers and non-smokers of
      time spent brushing, and number of brushing strokes used overall and in each area
      of the mouth, showed no significant differences. However, the distribution of
      brushing strokes around the mouth was more uniform in the non-smokers than in the
      smokers, which may indicate a tendency towards less favourable toothbrushing
      performance in smokers.

PMID- 6597055
TI  - Socioeconomic demand model for dental visits.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to develop structural socioeconomic demand
      models for dental visits. The explanatory variables were chosen selectively from
      the various theories concerning health services utilization. The models were
      constructed on data from a sociodental survey carried out among workers and staff
      members at a Danish shipyard. A sample of 988 employees was drawn by stratified
      random sampling and 841 persons were interviewed regarding dental visits and
      attitudes towards teeth and dental health services. The structural equations were
      estimated by means of multiple regression analysis using the two-stage least
      squares method. Dental visits were influenced by dental health status,
      expectations about value of dental care, income, and price of dental care. Dental
      health was affected by the number of dental visits and age. Residence in rural
      areas during childhood and age had a negative effect on dental care early in life
      while years of schooling had a positive effect. Years of schooling had also a
      positive effect on expectations about value of dental care. The present study has
      shown that it is possible to construct structural models for the demand for
      dental care.

PMID- 6597056
TI  - Reliability of coding depth of approximal carious lesions from non-independent
      interpretation of serial bitewing radiographs.
AB  - In order to help understand the effectiveness of preventive care and the source
      of variation in treatment decisions, it is important to determine intra- and
      interexaminer agreement on the presence and depth of radiolucencies on bitewing
      radiographs when serial radiographs on individuals are available for
      interpretation. Serial radiographs on 24 subjects were read in succession, and
      one of four depth codes was assigned to approximal lesions. The radiographs were
      then read a second time, both by the person who had initially read the
      radiographs and by a second reader. Intraexaminer agreement on presence of a
      lesion ranged from 60% to 90%; four of the five readers had an agreement of over
      78%. Interexaminer agreement on presence of a lesion ranged from 71% to 84%.
      Intraexaminer agreement on depth of lesion ranged from 64% to 80%; four readers
      had an agreement of over 73%. Interexaminer agreement on depth of lesion ranged
      from 59% to 76%.

PMID- 6597057
TI  - Multivariate, non linear analysis of the preference for preservation of the
      teeth.
AB  - Application of classical, linear approaches to analyze data of a categorical or
      discrete nature might bring about false results, because the data are forced to
      fit inappropriate models. The present paper describes a non linear, multivariate
      approach which might be considered a principal component analysis of data
      collected in a survey. The computer algorithm HOMALS is used to detect which
      dimensions are to be found in the data. Searched for are factors associated with
      the variable preference for preservation of the teeth. The analysis enabled the
      description of one subgroup: those who do not care about retaining their teeth
      are characterized, in a descending order of importance, by irregular dental
      attendance, a (self-assessed) very poor oral health condition, being equally
      afraid of extraction and cavity preparation, dissatisfaction with dental
      treatment in the past, and lowest level of education. It appeared that the
      categories of the variables are not linear. It is concluded that the combination
      of characteristics, describing a subgroup in the sample, does not imply the
      description of another subgroup with opposite characteristics.

PMID- 6597058
TI  - Risk factors of dental caries in 9-10-year-old mentally retarded Finnish
      children.
AB  - Mentally retarded children from one age cohort and their randomly selected
      controls in one Finnish county were examined for standard of oral hygiene, and
      their parents and nurses interviewed for information on dental health habits and
      for other relevant background information. The mentally retarded consumed sugar
      containing products less frequently than the mentally normal controls.
      Toothbrushing and fluoride supply was also less common in the retarded than in
      the healthy. Among the retarded, the dental health habits were most favorable in
      registered outpatients and least favorable in administratively unknown retarded
      not included in special welfare. Differences in dental health habits between
      these subgroups of the retarded were large. In contrast to the findings in the
      healthy children, frequency of toothbrushing was not associated with the observed
      standard of oral hygiene in the mentally retarded. The toothbrushing subgroup of
      the mentally retarded consumed sugar more frequently than the toothbrushing
      healthy children and commonly used drugs which reduced saliva flow or promoted
      gingival hyperplasia.

PMID- 6597059
TI  - Dental caries and sucrose intake in five South African preschool groups.
AB  - Dental caries, debris (DI-S) and sugar intake were determined for 766 rural
      Black, urban Black, coloured, Indian and White children, using standardized
      techniques. In general sucrose intake, both quantity and frequency was low in
      rural Black children yet these children had relatively few caries-free
      individuals and higher than expected mean dmft scores. Comparison with earlier
      studies in the same localities has shown a worsening of dental caries in all
      groups except the White, in which the situation has improved. Sucrose consumption
      declined in rural Black, and White groups, remained steady in urban Black
      children and increased in coloured and Indian groups.

PMID- 6597060
TI  - Sweet preference and dental caries among Bedouin youth in Israel.
AB  - Sweet preference and caries prevalence were studied in Bedouin adolescents from
      two different communities. Twelve-year-old schoolchildren were surveyed in a
      rural village (30 examinees) and in a more urbanized settlement (30 examinees).
      Sweet preference was assessed using a free-choice method, while caries was
      measured by the DMFT index. Results revealed that the "urbanized" examinees
      preferred higher sugar concentrations and demonstrated higher DMFT scores than
      their "rural" counterparts. These differences between the two populations were
      statistically significant. Data were analyzed for correlation between caries
      prevalence and sweet preference. When each community was analyzed separately, a
      statistically significant correlation coefficient (Kendall's tau) was found in
      "rural" but not in "urbanized" children. In pooled data from both communities the
      correlation was found to be significant, controlling for the effect of the
      stratifying (community) variable.

PMID- 6597061
TI  - Nutrition and health in childhood: causal and quantitative interpretations of
      dental caries.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to suggest a causal model of dental caries and
      to discuss some quantitative interpretations of this model. Three age groups of
      children (4, 8 and 13 yr) from three different areas in Sweden were included. The
      caries status of the children was examined. A 7-day record (4-and 8-yr-olds) and
      a dietary history (13-yr-olds) were used to estimate food intake.
      Sociodemographic data and data of caries preventive measures were obtained from
      parents/children. A causal model of dental caries is suggested and some
      quantitative interpretations are made by means of path analyses. Hypothetical
      examples of results of changes in caries determinants are given.

PMID- 6597062
TI  - Dental status of pregnant women attending a Brisbane maternity hospital.
AB  - A sample of 314 consecutive women attending for their first antenatal visit at a
      public hospital were examined according to the WHO survey procedure. The women's
      age ranged from 16 to 42 yr with a mean of 23.5 yr. Only 3% were edentulous in
      both jaws, but 13% had some form of denture. A quarter had pocketing in at least
      one sextant and only 16% were free of gingivitis. The average number of DMF teeth
      was 15.8, comprising 2.7 decayed, 4.5 missing and 8.6 filled teeth; 70% had teeth
      needing restoration and 10% had at least one tooth needing extraction. There were
      significant relationships between DMF score and age (positive) and between number
      of teeth needing restoration and age, educational level, and the woman's own
      perception of her dental health (all inverse). Some form of dental attention was
      needed by 86% of the women; 12% had conditions needing immediate attention. By
      comparison with a 1971 study of pregnant women in Brisbane, there has been a
      marked decline in DMFT score (from 19.1 to 15.8).

PMID- 6597064
TI  - Oral health status of the Lengua Indians of Paraguay.
AB  - The dental and oral health status of 202 Lengua Indians of Paraguay was
      determined using DMT, Russell's PI and the Greene & Vermillion OHIS. Caries
      experience in young Lenguas was shown to be positively associated with exposure
      to Western culture. Mean DMT increased from 8.36 for 15-19 yr-olds to 9.44 in 20
      24 yr-olds. For the 25-29 yr age group the DMT was 9.10 whilst 30-34 yr-olds had
      a mean DMT of 8.67. The mean DMT of 9.64 for 35-40 yr-olds increased to 9.84 for
      the over 40 age group. Oral hygiene and periodontal status were found to be
      similar to those reported in other Chaco Indian groups.

PMID- 6597063
TI  - Oral hygiene, dental visits and age of denture for prevalence of denture
      stomatitis.
AB  - A representative sample of Finnish denture wearers (n = 3875) aged 30 or over
      were examined clinically and interviewed about their oral hygiene habits, use of
      dental services and possible prosthetic treatment during last visit to a dentist.
      Of these denture wearers, over 80% brushed their dentures at least once a day,
      and 16% visited a dentist at least once in 2 yr. For denture stomatitis the age
      standardized risk ratio decreased with brushing frequency in women and increased
      in men. For frequency of dental visits the prevalence of denture stomatitis
      increased in both men and women when visits were made over 2-yr intervals. The
      prevalence of denture stomatitis was higher in the group with dentures over 1 yr
      old. It seems that the oral hygiene measures as they are generally carried out
      and regular dental visits are not effective enough methods in preventing denture
      stomatitis.

PMID- 6597065
TI  - The stress response. What it is? How it works. What to do.

PMID- 6597066
TI  - Getting associated.

PMID- 6597067
TI  - Bone research.

PMID- 6597068
TI  - Operation: patient awareness.

PMID- 6597069
TI  - Role of the renal medulla in experimental hypertension.

PMID- 6597070
TI  - [Hemorrhagic cysts].

PMID- 6597071
TI  - [Analysis of the indications for the surgical removal of retained lower wisdom
      teeth].

PMID- 6597073
TI  - [The use of dental health services by the rural population].

PMID- 6597072
TI  - [The course of patient contact with the dentist and its effect on the health
      behaviour of the patient].

PMID- 6597075
TI  - [Late treatment of deep overbite].

PMID- 6597074
TI  - [Dental age of children with mottled enamel living in an area with excess
      fluorides in the drinking water].

PMID- 6597076
TI  - [Diseases of the upper respiratory tract and the condition of the masticatory
      system].

PMID- 6597078
TI  - [The importance and possibilities of excision of pathologically changed gingival
      pockets in the treatment of the periodontium].

PMID- 6597077
TI  - [A review of the technics used in the plastic surgery of the gums and alveolar
      process].

PMID- 6597079
TI  - [Recurrent aphthae and their cytological features].

PMID- 6597080
TI  - [A case of dystrophic hereditary bullous epidermolysis].

PMID- 6597081
TI  - [The effect of cyclic erythromycin carbonate (Davercin) on the microflora of
      pathological gingival pockets].

PMID- 6597082
TI  - Fracture of the sphenoid bone. A new clinical entity.

PMID- 6597083
TI  - Computed tomography in early diagnosis of temporomandibular joint ankylosis.

PMID- 6597084
TI  - Hardening surfaces treatment of stone die materials.

PMID- 6597085
TI  - A new parameter of jaw fracture healing. Biochemical control.

PMID- 6597086
TI  - A method for construction of an arch wire for an individual patient.

PMID- 6597087
TI  - Mesiodistal widths for permanent and deciduous teeth in a population of Cairo
      school children.

PMID- 6597088
TI  - Molecular map of the human HLA-SB (HLA-DP) region and sequence of an SB alpha (DP
      alpha) pseudogene.
AB  - The human major histocompatibility complex contains the genes for at least three
      different types of class II antigens, DR, DC and SB (DR, DQ and DP). They are all
      composed of an alpha and a beta chain. We have cloned a chromosomal region of 70
      kb containing the SB (DP) gene family in overlapping cosmid clones. This segment
      contains two alpha genes and two beta genes, located in the order SB alpha 1, SB
      beta 1, SB alpha 2 and SB beta 2. The orientation of the alpha genes is reversed
      compared with that of the beta genes. This organisation suggests that the SB
      region has arisen by duplication of a chromosomal segment encompassing one alpha
      and one beta gene. Partial nucleotide sequences of the SB alpha 1 and SB beta 1
      exons demonstrate that the genes correspond to SB alpha and beta cDNA clones.
      Consequently these genes are expressed. In contrast nucleotide sequence
      determination of the SB alpha 2 gene shows that it is a pseudogene.

PMID- 6597089
TI  - Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea during treatment with imipenem.

PMID- 6597090
TI  - [Clinical-statistical contribution to the study of odontoma].

PMID- 6597091
TI  - [An idea for the construction of a support for a functional registration
      technic].

PMID- 6597092
TI  - [Supernumerary teeth in human dentition].

PMID- 6597094
TI  - [Experimental study of a spherical-particle amalgam alloy (I)].

PMID- 6597093
TI  - [Reconstruction of the orbital floor with synthetic alloplastic implants].

PMID- 6597095
TI  - [Use of drugs and radiodiagnosis in dental treatment during pregnancy].

PMID- 6597096
TI  - [Experimental study of a spherical-particle amalgam alloy: effect of porosity on
      corrosion (II)].

PMID- 6597097
TI  - [Correct dental radiography].

PMID- 6597098
TI  - [Color in dentistry].

PMID- 6597099
TI  - [Moebius syndrome: case presentation].

PMID- 6597100
TI  - [Osteoma of the jaws: clinical contribution].

PMID- 6597101
TI  - [Pathology of the maxillary sinus. II. Oro-sinus communications and other
      diseases].

PMID- 6597102
TI  - [A case of marginal gingivitis treated with spiramycin (rovamycin)].

PMID- 6597103
TI  - [Oro-antral communication: case description].

PMID- 6597104
TI  - [Advantages of the use of rare earth intensifying screens in the radiologic
      diagnosis of dysgnathia and maxillofacial dysmorphism].

PMID- 6597105
TI  - Industry survey points to rosy future.

PMID- 6597106
TI  - A forecast for dental technology: mostly sunny, with widely scattered clouds.

PMID- 6597107
TI  - Corporate life insurance.

PMID- 6597109
TI  - Management of the difficult child patient (DCP)--the eclectic Kay technique
      (EKT), an oral hygienist's personal approach.

PMID- 6597108
TI  - How to find and keep good employees.

PMID- 6597110
TI  - Look to the future when planning to build.

PMID- 6597111
TI  - Building for tomorrow.

PMID- 6597113
TI  - Group owners make significant income gains.

PMID- 6597112
TI  - They said it couldn't be done!

PMID- 6597114
TI  - Countersuits deter frivolous malpractice actions.

PMID- 6597115
TI  - Preinduction cervical ripening with prostaglandin E2: influence on psychomotor
      evolution in the first year.
AB  - The long-term effects of elective preinduction of labor at term by extra-amniotic
      instillation of prostaglandin E2 in methylhydroxyethylcellulose gel were
      evaluated in 20 children. No untoward effect of this procedure on the neurologic
      state of the newborn or the psychomotor development of the children during the
      first 12 months was found.

PMID- 6597117
TI  - Pimozide approved for Tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6597116
TI  - Specific alterations in the pattern of histone-3 synthesis during conversion of
      human leukemic cells to terminally differentiated cells in culture.
AB  - The presence of nano- to micromolar concentrations of 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol
      13-acetate (TPA) in suspension cultures of human promyelocytic leukemia cells, HL
      60, or human monocytic leukemia cells, THP-1, resulted in the appearance of
      macrophage-like cells attached to the substratum. The terminally TPA
      differentiated cells continued to synthesize histones at a low rate even though
      DNA replication had ceased. The pattern of synthesis of histone variants in
      differentiated cells differed from that in undifferentiated cells and resembled
      that of quiescent or density-arrested cells. In undifferentiated cells, all three
      histone-H3 variants are synthesized, while in quiescent cells, only the H3.3
      variant is synthesized. When TPA-differentiated macrophages were placed in normal
      medium, the pattern of histone synthesis was not altered, thus substantiating
      previous findings that the differentiation is irreversible. Further, TPA
      differentiated macrophages and macrophages isolated from a normal human donor
      exhibited identical pattern of histone synthesis. Altogether, the results
      indicate that changes in the synthetic rates of histones during the TPA-induced
      maturation of human leukemic cells is not directly due to TPA or terminal cell
      differentiation per se but is due to the cessation of cell proliferation and DNA
      replication.

PMID- 6597118
TI  - Reversal of multidrug resistance by non-antitumor anthracycline analogs.
AB  - It was found that three synthetic anthracycline analogs lacking not only
      antitumor activity but also calcium-antagonizing action possessed an activity to
      potentiate vincristine cytotoxicity against vincristine-resistant P388 leukemia.
      ID-8279, one of these analogs, significantly reversed resistance to vincristine
      and daunorubicin by increasing their intracellular accumulation.

PMID- 6597119
TI  - A novel human myelomonocytoid cell line, P39/Tsugane, derived from overt leukemia
      following myelodysplastic syndrome.
AB  - A novel human cultured cell line, P39/Tsugane, was established from leukemic
      cells in the peripheral blood of a 69-year-old male with overt leukemia following
      myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). P39/Tsugane cells were characterized by blastic
      appearance, presence of NaF-sensitive alpha-naphthyl butylate esterase activity,
      Fc gamma-receptor, C3-receptor, capacity to phagocytize sensitized erythrocytes,
      and reactivity with monoclonal antibodies such as OKT4, My4, VIMD5, MCS-2 and
      My7. These data indicate that P39/Tsugane cells are of myelomonocytoid nature.
      P39/Tsugane had a hypodiploid chromosome constitution with a gain of a consistent
      marker, 6q+, the presence of less consistent markers 9q+ and rcp(14;16), and
      random and non-random losses of autosomes: in accordance with the reported
      cytogenetic profiles of MDS, a representative karyotype of the present cell line
      is 45,XY,+del(6)(q15),9q+, t(14;16)-(q24;q21),-16,-17. P39/Tsugane cells were
      transplantable intraperitoneally into nude mice, and produced abdominal tumors
      and hemorrhagic ascites. These results indicate that P39/Tsugane is the first
      cultured cell line of myelomonocytoid nature to be derived from overt leukemia
      following MDS. Therefore, P39/Tsugane cells should be useful for studies on the
      differentiation of leukemia cells, the pathogenesis of MDS and in vitro-in vivo
      experimental chemotherapy.

PMID- 6597120
TI  - [Premature membrane rupture: effect of intracervical PGE2 gel administration on
      plasma oxytocin, PGFM and PGEM levels in mother and child].
AB  - Premature rupture (= PR) of the amnion is a serious complication even for the
      mature child if it occurs earlier than 24 hours before birth. To keep the
      interval as short as possible, the authors induce labour from week 35/0 in case
      of PR, provided the Bishop score is greater than 7. If the bishop score is lower,
      they conduct intracervical priming of the cervix with 0.4 mg PGE2 gel before
      induction of labour. This has proved clinically superior to intravenous
      procedures. In the study presented here, the authors attempted to find out
      whether intracervical administration of PGE2 gel would result in changes in the
      maternal and foetal plasma concentrations of oxytocin, PGFM, or PGEM when
      comparing conditions in case of ruptured amnion with those if the amnion remained
      intact. If the amnion is intact and the cervix immature (less than 2 cm),
      intracervical administration of 0.4 mg PGE2 gel produces a significant OT
      increase within 30 minutes. From a cervical width of 2 cm onwards, the OT levels
      are already primarily enhanced and will hardly change even after PGE2 gel
      administration. Similar conditions obtain in PR. PGFM plasma levels will rise
      only slightly within an hour after intracervical PGE2 gel administration,
      independent of whether there has been a rupture or not, or whether the cervix is
      dilated less than 2 cm or 2 cm and more.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6597122
TI  - [Effect of the degree of readiness of the cervix uteri on the dynamics of labor
      induced with prostaglandin F2 alpha].

PMID- 6597123
TI  - [Dosage of prostaglandin used in labor induced with prostaglandin F2 alpha].

PMID- 6597124
TI  - Hydrogen peroxide. A new look at an old remedy.

PMID- 6597121
TI  - Teratological evaluation of a novel antiabortifacient, dibenzyloxyindanpropionic
      acid--I. Dysmorphological and histopathological studies.
AB  - Dibenzyloxyindanpropionic acid (DIPA) is an anti-abortifacient prostaglandin F2
      alpha(PGF2 alpha) antagonist. Significant protection against PGF2 alpha-induced
      abortion in Charles River CD-1 mice is afforded by 50 mg/kg DIPA, administered
      i.m. twice daily from day-15 of gestation; two days prior to PGF2 alpha
      challenge. In the present teratological evaluation, CD-1 mice were treated either
      daily throughout gestation with 50 mg/kg DIPA i.m., or only on day-15 of
      gestation with two doses each of 50 or 200 mg/kg DIPA i.m. Controls received
      saline injections. Some dams were delivered by cesarian section on day-19 of
      gestation, while others were allowed to deliver spontaneously at term. Parameters
      monitored in the offspring were litter sizes, body weights, sex ratios, viability
      of progeny, external malformations, cleft palate, skeletal anomalies, patency
      (prenatal) and closure (postnatal) of the ductus arteriosus, gross anatomy of
      organs, and histopathological examination of tissues. Consistent with a PGF2
      alpha antagonistic mechanism of action, DIPA treatment throughout gestation
      prolonged pregnancy to the upper normal limit. Prenatal administration of DIPA
      increased the pseudopregnancy rate, but none of the treatment schedules produced
      any recognizable teratogenic effects.

PMID- 6597125
TI  - Group therapy for bulimia.
AB  - Thirty women meeting DSM-III criteria for bulimia were seen weekly in a group
      setting using behavioral techniques and insight-oriented discussion. Pre- and
      post-measures using the EAT, Marlowe Crowne Social Desirability Scale, Rotter
      Locus of Control, and SCL-90-R self-rating scales were performed on 11 group
      completers. Two comparison groups consisted of bulimic women who received either
      no treatment or individual psychotherapy. The differences on the parameters
      measured in comparing group therapy, individual therapy, and no treatment subject
      groups would suggest that a group therapy approach holds promise for an otherwise
      poor prognosis disorder and that the changes are measureable.

PMID- 6597126
TI  - Natural cytotoxicity of human blood monocytes: production of monocyte cytotoxic
      factors (MCF) during interaction with tumor cells.
AB  - Human blood monocytes obtained by EDTA-reversible adherence to autologous serum
      coated plastic dishes expressed natural cytotoxicity against NK-sensitive K562
      cells in a 4-h 51Cr release assay. These monocytes released soluble cytotoxic
      factors, termed monocyte cytotoxic factors (MCF), when cultured with target
      cells. In contrast, blood monocytes obtained by adherence to fetal calf serum
      coated plastic surfaces failed to kill K562 cells and to produce MCF. Although
      some lysis could be detected at 18 h, optimal lysis of K562 cells by MCF was
      observed after 48 h incubation in a microcytotoxicity assay using trypan blue dye
      exclusion. The addition of actinomycin D to the cytotoxicity assay enhanced the
      sensitivity and then NCF activity was detectable in a 18-h Cr release assay.
      Neither supernatants produced by culture of monocytes alone nor lysates of
      monocytes were cytotoxic. In addition, cytochalasin A inhibited both direct cell
      mediated lysis and generation of MCF. Optimal production of MCF occurred after 6
      24 h of interaction with K562 cells, although significant activity was already
      present by 3 h. Treatment of monocytes with OKM1 monoclonal antibody plus
      complement abrogated both cell-mediated lysis and MCF generation, whereas Leu-11b
      plus complement were ineffective. These results indicate that human blood
      monocytes can release MCF during interaction with tumor cells and that this may
      be involved in the lytic mechanism of monocyte-mediated natural cytotoxicity.

PMID- 6597127
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of complications associated with local anaesthesia.
AB  - The safety record of local anaesthetic agents is high but complications do occur.
      These may be systemic reactions to the local anaesthetic itself or to the
      vasoconstrictor. The former may be allergic or toxic in nature. Psychomotor
      reactions, often attributed erroneously to the vasoconstrictor, are more common.
      Regional complications, usually due to faulty technique, may be immediate or
      delayed. Among the former are pain, haematoma formation, tissue blanching, facial
      paralysis, amaurosis, diplopia and needle breakage. The delayed regional
      complications include pain, prolonged anaesthesia or paraesthesia, trismus,
      infection, sloughing and ulceration. The management of these complications is
      described.

PMID- 6597128
TI  - Prevention and treatment of complications associated with general anaesthesia.
AB  - The complications arising in association with the administration of general
      anaesthetics to 2658 inpatients for oral surgical procedures from 1978 to 1982
      and to 999 outpatients from 1977 to 1981 are reported. In the two series of
      patients complications occurred with overall incidences of 17.2 and 25.1 per cent
      respectively. In the inpatient group the incidence of complications rose with
      age, with an increase in the surgical risk factor, and occurred with different
      frequencies according to the anaesthetic regime used. Most complications were met
      during the induction and maintenance phases of anaesthesia. In both phases,
      cardiac arrhythmias were prominent. In outpatients, the incidence of
      complications was high among those who were intubated but much less when
      insufflation anaesthesia was used. Sedation methods in outpatients were almost
      free of complications. Most of the complications occurred during emergence from
      anaesthesia and in the early postoperative period. Nearly all patients receiving
      insufflation anaesthesia returned home on the same day but about three-quarters
      of those being intubated remained in hospital overnight.

PMID- 6597129
TI  - Dentistry in Hong Kong: a look into the past and a glimpse of the future.
AB  - To meet the needs of a population numbering 5.3 million Hong Kong has, until now,
      relied upon training of their dentists in other countries. A net decline in
      manpower, predicted 10 years ago, has now become an increase of 85 per cent.
      Early in 1985, the first graduates will emerge from the new dental school and
      will make further manpower available. The water in Hong Kong has been fluoridated
      since 1961. Since then there has been a substantial reduction in dental caries
      but the treatment need still remains very high. A recent pilot study has shown
      that both the prevalence and severity of destructive periodontal disease are
      causes for considerable concern.

PMID- 6597130
TI  - The fading links between tradition and oral health in Singapore.
AB  - Singapore is an island republic of 616 km2. Four main ethnic groups make up its
      population of 2.4 million; these are the Chinese, Malays, Indians and others.
      Singapore's successful housing, industrialization and modernization programmes
      have caused tremendous changes in the lifestyles and expectations of the people.
      This very success has rendered some traditional customs impractical and
      irrelevant. Older Indians and Malay women still chew betel-nut. During the Hindu
      Thaipusam ceremony a traditional practice of dental interest is the piercing of
      devotees' cheeks and tongues with slivers of silver. There is no pain, bleeding
      or permanent tissue damage. The Chinese pick their teeth, crack melon seeds and
      scrape their tongues every morning. They also drink large quantities of
      unsweetened tea. Yet they remain caries-prone. Singaporeans have recently adopted
      the practice of eating at all hours of the day and night. This may have a bearing
      on their future caries state. Singapore has two categories of dental
      practitioner: the graduate and the registered but unqualified dentist who is
      invariably of Chinese descent. The swaged metal crown over sound and diseased
      tooth structure is frequently the unfortunate trademark of the latter. Often
      abscesses and cysts develop beneath these crowns. Successful dental health
      programmes have produced a DMFT of 2.8 in 12-year-old children, which betters the
      DMF target of 3.0 set by WHO for the year 2000. The progressive outlook of
      Singaporeans may eventually reduce further the number of traditional practices
      which are harmful to oral health.

PMID- 6597131
TI  - Oral health status and traditions in the Philippines.
AB  - With an annual population growth of 2.71 per cent per year the government is
      harnessing all available resources so that every Filipino can enjoy a decent way
      of life. Since the majority of the population is in the rural areas, priority
      health services are directed towards this particular segment. Because of meagre
      income among the rural population all health services are given free, except for
      major operations, medicines and dental procedures such as the construction of
      partial and full dentures, porcelain restorations, root canal therapy and major
      oral surgery. Older people in the rural areas still adhere to their beliefs and
      traditions to alleviate the pain of toothache, particularly in the areas which
      cannot be reached by dentists. Because their fees are minimal the services of
      quack doctors/dentists and faith healers are still sought. In the Philippines,
      although dental health services have been given a low priority by the government,
      preventive dental health programmes are being implemented throughout the country.
      These include mouthrinsing with sodium fluoride solutions, supervised
      toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste and the use of fluoride-containing varnish
      and fluoride tablets. Water fluoridation exists in two pilot areas and there is
      an intensive dental health education campaign. Indigenous health workers augment
      the inadequate dental manpower in attempting to attain and maintain the global
      indicator for oral health, which is 3 DMFT on average for age 12 years old.

PMID- 6597132
TI  - Dental health in Malaysia.
AB  - Three epidemiological surveys have been carried out in Malaysia since 1971. All
      showed a high level of caries prevalence. Ninety per cent of school children
      between the ages of 6 and 18 suffered from dental caries, with a DMFT of
      approximately 3 and a dft of approximately 2. Ninety-five per cent of the adult
      population had caries experience, with the mean DMFT being 13.2. Approximately 55
      per cent of children showed the presence of gingivitis with the mean number of
      inflamed gingival units per child ranging from 1.9 to 2.8, while 72.4 per cent of
      adults had some form of periodontal disease with 29 per cent having pockets
      deeper than 3 mm. The OHI-S score for adults was 2.2 and 81 per cent used
      toothbrushes to clean their teeth. A further 5.1 per cent used twigs and fingers
      with powdered charcoal or salt. One-third of the child population needed
      orthodontic treatment, with 0.3 per cent examined in peninsular Malaysia having
      cleft lip or palate or both. In the adult population 10.4 per cent of those
      examined required some form of orthodontic treatment. Twenty per cent of the
      children in the survey were in need of dentures; 54.7 per cent of the adults were
      either in need of dentures or were wearing dentures. Of these 25 per cent had
      complete dentures. The smoking habit was most commonly associated with pre
      cancerous/cancerous lesions with alcohol consumption a close competitor; 114
      adults, that is 1.3 per cent of those examined, suffer from leukoplakia but only
      one case of oral cancer was detected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6597133
TI  - Oral health status and tradition in New Zealand.
AB  - New Zealand in the 1930's faced a very high prevalence of caries, particularly in
      children, and much edentulousness in adults of all ages. There was a very large
      unmet treatment requirement. This led to the development of two state funded
      delivery systems--for children by the School Dental Service, and for adolescents
      by the Dental Benefit Scheme. The treatment of adults was provided in the private
      sector. A study in 1976 determined the standard of oral health and the treatment
      needs, and examined public attitudes. Comparison with previous data showed a
      remarkable reduction in the prevalence of caries and in the level of
      edentulousness. Children and adolescents had little untreated decay (D = 1.3),
      few extractions and large numbers of restored teeth (F = 11.9). Adults still had
      a high level of edentulousness. Generalized gingivitis was present in 6 per cent
      of the young adult group and in 20 per cent of older adults. Polynesians, the
      lesser educated and low socio-economic groups had more periodontal disease at all
      ages. Two of the goals for the year 2000 should be achieved by 1988: i.e. 50 per
      cent of 5-year-olds should be caries-free and 12-year-olds should have a DMFT of
      less than 3. Two more goals should be reached by the year 2000, i.e. 85 per cent
      of those aged 18 should retain all their teeth and there should be a 50 per cent
      reduction in edentulousness in the age group 34-44.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6597134
TI  - Oral health status and tradition in Australia.
AB  - In the past 30 years, dental health in Australia has undergone a marked
      improvement. This improvement has been paralleled by a significant change in
      attitudes to many aspects of dental health and in consequent behaviour. The
      caries experience of the younger Australian is now about one-third of that of his
      older counterpart. Two-thirds of the Australian population drink fluoridated
      water and there is widespread use of fluoridated dentifrices. Hence, the DMFT of
      12 year olds is already approaching the target level of 3 for the year 2000,
      compared with a level of over 10 just 30 years ago. Edentulousness is still a
      problem, as evidenced by a rate of 68 per cent in those aged 45-64. With the
      increased retention of teeth in the young there is every expectation that this
      rate will be reduced significantly with time. Among the problem groups the
      aboriginal population, particularly those described as 'transitional', show all
      the ravages created by very high sucrose intake. To formulate plans to combat
      this a study of aboriginal dental health has been proposed.

PMID- 6597135
TI  - Statistical methodology for clinical trials of caries prophylactic agents-
      current knowledge.
AB  - Statistical methodology underlying clinical trials of caries prophylactic agents
      published up to 1982 is summarized. The various caries indices used to express an
      individual's caries increment over a period of time are considered, along with
      some standard models used to describe caries incremental and prevalence data. The
      parametric statistical techniques generally employed to test for significant
      differences between the caries preventive agents under investigation are robust
      for the departures from normality found in caries data with the large sample
      sizes involved. Methods of estimating sample sizes are considered along with the
      various multiple comparison tests suitable for analysing multi-group trials. The
      advantages of using either an analysis of covariance or stratification procedures
      in certain situations are discussed, along with suitable covariables which have
      been put forward. Ways of improving the efficiency of clinical trials by
      selecting subjects are also considered. Models put forward to describe diagnostic
      errors are examined. However, it is generally found that examiner error in long
      term trials is small. The use of sequential tests in clinical trials needs
      further development.

PMID- 6597136
TI  - Use of the CPITN in populations under 20 years of age.
AB  - The aim of this study was to find the optimal approach to the use of the
      Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) in age groups under 20
      years of age in which the presence of false pockets around erupting teeth has
      caused confusion. Fifty boys and fifty girls in each age group of 7-, 12- and 17
      years were selected at random from among young patients attending for regular
      dental care. To allow detailed analysis, CPITN recordings were made for each
      tooth instead of per sextant. The 4-5 mm pockets were divided into true
      pathologic pockets requiring scaling and improved oral hygiene; false pockets
      with bleeding after gentle probing and thus needing improved oral hygiene only;
      and false pockets with no treatment need. Comparisons of periodontal treatment
      needs per sextant were made after basing the CPITN code number on examination of
      all teeth in the sextant, of the CPITN epidemiological index teeth (17, 16; 11;
      26, 27; 37, 36; 31; 46, 47), and of teeth 16, 11, 26, 36, 31, 46. Incomplete
      eruption even of first molars and maxillary central incisors was frequently
      observed at age 7 whereas at ages 12 and 17 the presence of false pockets was
      most frequent around mandibular and maxillary second molars. It is suggested that
      in populations under 20 years of age CPITN recordings should be based on
      examination of teeth 16, 11, 26, 36, 31, 46.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6597137
TI  - Plantar ulcers in hereditary sensory neuropathy. A plea for conservative
      treatment.
AB  - Hereditary sensory neuropathy is a rare syndrome characterized by the occurrence,
      in childhood or early adult life, of perforating ulcers of the feet, lightning
      pains, and loss of cutaneous sensation and tendon reflexes in the lower
      extremities. Three patients with hereditary sensory neuropathy were family
      members. Trophic ulcers may be caused by diseases other than diabetes, syphilis,
      and leprosy.

PMID- 6597138
TI  - [Pulp changes due to composite materials].

PMID- 6597139
TI  - [Mouth breathing and somatic implications].

PMID- 6597141
TI  - [Chemical characteristics of the process of calculus formation].

PMID- 6597140
TI  - [Orodental treatment during pregnancy: pharmacologic considerations].

PMID- 6597142
TI  - [Functional recovery of root elements using orthodontic-prosthetic treatment].

PMID- 6597143
TI  - [Cephalometric analysis of the position of incisors in a sample population of
      adult females].

PMID- 6597144
TI  - [Pulp reaction to zinc oxide-phosphate cement].

PMID- 6597145
TI  - [Kinesiography and electromyography of the masticatory apparatus in Parkinson
      disease].

PMID- 6597146
TI  - [The marginal closure of metallic restorations].

PMID- 6597148
TI  - [Radiodiagnosis of the submandibular glands].

PMID- 6597147
TI  - [Peripheral paresis of the facial nerve and Frey's syndrome in a case of
      bilateral sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular angle].

PMID- 6597149
TI  - [New methods of 3-dimensional analysis of orthodontic models].

PMID- 6597150
TI  - [Oral carcinoma (study of 359 biopsies)].

PMID- 6597151
TI  - [Bleaching technics for non-vital teeth].

PMID- 6597152
TI  - [Excessive transverse variations of the upper jaw in the pathogenesis of
      malocclusion].

PMID- 6597153
TI  - [Serological markers of viral hepatitis B infection in medical and auxiliary
      personnel in a dental ambulatory hospital].

PMID- 6597154
TI  - [Use of suprofen for pain in dentistry].

PMID- 6597155
TI  - [The CO2 laser in the treatment of leukokeratosis of the oral cavity. Preliminary
      report].

PMID- 6597156
TI  - [An unusual case of periodontal abscess].

PMID- 6597157
TI  - [Current status of the therapy of periodontal bone defects: hydroxyapatites,
      clinical evaluation after 2 years].

PMID- 6597158
TI  - [The 904 nanometer laser in pedodontics].

PMID- 6597159
TI  - [Dermoid cyst of the eyebrow: clinical cases].

PMID- 6597160
TI  - [Living tissues of the oral cavity studied by scanning electron microscopy using
      replicas].

PMID- 6597161
TI  - [Cementation in fixed dentures].

PMID- 6597162
TI  - [Variations on the airflow resistance of the upper respiratory tract in children
      with lateral crossbite, before, during and after the use of removable orthodontic
      appliances (preliminary note)].

PMID- 6597163
TI  - [Diagnostic approach to dental material allergies].

PMID- 6597164
TI  - [Content of salivary calcium and phosphorus in patients with and without active
      dental caries].

PMID- 6597165
TI  - [Chediak-Higashi syndrome: localization in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6597166
TI  - [Effect of sugar substitutes on the growth and acid production of 2 types of
      acidogenic bacteria of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6597167
TI  - [Uptake and release of GABA by rat brain synaptosomes. II. The action of
      Nefopam].

PMID- 6597168
TI  - [Experimental evaluation of the smoothness of various amalgams].

PMID- 6597169
TI  - [Prevention of viral hepatitis B in dentistry].

PMID- 6597170
TI  - [Epidemiology and professional risk in medicine and dentistry in relation to
      hepatitis B].

PMID- 6597171
TI  - [Epidemiology of dental caries in a school age population in Ferrara: evaluation
      of results after 3 years of prevention].

PMID- 6597172
TI  - [Gingival recession: current topics in therapy].

PMID- 6597173
TI  - [Criteria for selection and use of computers in the management of the dental
      office].

PMID- 6597174
TI  - [Role of bacterial flora in the etiology of periodontal disease: gingivitis].

PMID- 6597175
TI  - [Role of bacterial flora in the etiology of the periodontal disease:
      periodontitis].

PMID- 6597176
TI  - [Determining factors in the psychological behavior of patients in relation to
      pain in dentistry].

PMID- 6597177
TI  - [Maintenance phase of periodontal therapy].

PMID- 6597178
TI  - [Histological evaluation of apatites. Experimental study].

PMID- 6597179
TI  - Vital root resection: a case report of a long-term follow-up.

PMID- 6597180
TI  - The theory and clinical management of centric positions: II. Centric relation and
      centric relation occlusion.

PMID- 6597181
TI  - Temporomandibular joint disturbances and the periodontium.

PMID- 6597182
TI  - Vitamin C and immunity: influence of ascorbate on prostaglandin E2 synthesis and
      implications for natural killer cell activity.
AB  - A regimen of vitamin C in the drinking water of several strains of inbred mice
      has been observed previously to be without substantial effect on natural killer
      (NK) cell activity. In the present study, macrophage cultures derived from bone
      marrow of a number of these strains showed, on the average, a 90-100% increase in
      prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production when ascorbate was added. This latter finding
      might suggest an explanation for the apparent failure of ascorbate to augment NK
      activity while enhancing interferon production.

PMID- 6597183
TI  - Scintigraphic examination of total hip arthroplasty: comparison of indium with
      technetium-gallium in the loose and infected canine arthroplasty.

PMID- 6597184
TI  - Certain genetic markers in psychotic disorders.

PMID- 6597185
TI  - [Gingival pigmentation caused by dental amalgam. An ultrastructural study].
AB  - The aim of this investigation is the ultrastructural analysis of biopsies of
      human gingiva pigmented by the metallic deposits from dental amalgam. The size,
      the nature and the distribution of the particles are studied by light and
      electron microscopy and by energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). Fragments and
      particles of different size and composition are observed. No traces of mercury
      are detected in any examined samples. In contrast, very fine grains (0.01 to 0.05
      microns in diameter) of a silver compound are observed to be preferentially bound
      to intracellular membranes and to extracellular structural components. Tissue
      modifications in the gingival epithelium as well as in the connective tissue can
      accompany the pigmentation phenomenon. The different metabolic pathways of the
      metals diffusing from the amalgams are discussed.

PMID- 6597186
TI  - Effect of 1-p-bromotetramisole on mineralization of hamster tooth germs in vitro:
      a light and electron microscopic study.
AB  - In culture, 10(-3)M 1-p-bromotetramisole (1-pBTM) inhibited mineralization of in
      vitro secreted enamel matrix in two-day old neonatal hamster first maxillary
      molar tooth germs. In contrast, in control tooth germs cultured without the
      inhibitor, new enamel and dentin matrices were secreted and subsequently
      mineralized in vitro. It is suggested that the arrested enamel matrix
      mineralization in vitro is a result of reduced phosphate uptake due to alkaline
      phosphatase inhibition by 1-pBTM. In addition, 1-pBTM induced accumulation of
      secretory granules in odontoblasts and ameloblasts, but not in the other cells.
      This is probably a specific effect of the inhibitor on these cells due to
      alkaline phosphatase inhibition.

PMID- 6597187
TI  - [Intramandibular segment of Meckel's cartilage in the rabbit embryo. Its
      cytological expression and osteogenetic fate].
AB  - Meckel's cartilage undergoes typical endochondral ossification within a model of
      the mandible, the ossification of which is then intramembranous. The concurrent
      development of two different osteogenetic processes in the 28 day-old rabbit
      embryo results in the formation of a single bony framework. These observations
      are based upon the assumption that Meckel's cartilage is not merely a supportive,
      primitive shaft without a definite ontogenetic future role, but rather an active
      participant in mandibular osteogenesis.

PMID- 6597188
TI  - Dentino-pulpal collagen and the incorporation of 3H-proline by sound and carious
      human teeth in vitro.
AB  - In vitro incorporation of proline by odontoblasts and pulpal cells of human
      carious and non-carious teeth was compared. The types of collagen in predentine
      and pulpal matrices of carious as well as intact teeth were characterized
      electrophoretically. The results indicate increased incorporation in the caries
      affected odontoblast-predentine layer, with no quantitative changes in the
      adjacent pulp tissue. The predentine matrix of both intact and carious teeth
      showed an electrophoretic banding typical to type I collagen. The pulpal matrix,
      regardless of the state of the tooth, displayed a mixture of collagen types I and
      III, the former being clearly predominant. It seems that a carious process in
      dentine increases the collagen forming activity in the adjacent odontoblasts, but
      does not affect the quality or alter the relative proportion of the collagen
      types I and III.

PMID- 6597189
TI  - [Oral epithelium during tooth eruption in the rat: a scanning electron
      microscopic study].
AB  - The evolution of the ultrastructural aspect of the oral epithelium during the pre
      and posteruptive periods of rat molars was investigated using a scanning
      electron microscope. The eruption is preceded by a rupture of the superficial
      layers of the oral epithelium with a desquamation following concentrical circles.
      As the tooth erupts, the epithelial attachment is generated from ameloblasts.

PMID- 6597191
TI  - Case of the month. Secondary syphilis.

PMID- 6597190
TI  - [Blood pharmacokinetics of fluorine in man after the oral administration of
      nicomethanol hydrofluoride].
AB  - The pharmacokinetic parameters of fluoride have been studied, after a single oral
      administration to human volunteers of two fluoridated compounds: sodium fluoride,
      and a new organic fluoride salt, nicomethanol hydrofluoride. The results obtained
      with these two compounds were very similar, suggesting that no abnormal
      accumulation of fluoride in the body occurs after using nicomethanol
      hydrofluoride.

PMID- 6597192
TI  - Interpret your X-rays. Dentigerous cyst.

PMID- 6597193
TI  - Efficacy of radiation protection prostheses in controlling radiation induced
      xerostomia.

PMID- 6597195
TI  - Bacteriological status of periapical granuloma.

PMID- 6597194
TI  - Peripheral fibroma with calcification. A case report.

PMID- 6597196
TI  - Taurodont--a case report.

PMID- 6597197
TI  - Case of the month. Tertiary syphilis.

PMID- 6597198
TI  - Interpret your X-rays. Central squamous cell carcinoma.

PMID- 6597199
TI  - Correction of facial defect with tricalcium phosphate (TCP) bioceramics. A case
      report.

PMID- 6597200
TI  - Efficacy of tinidazole in the treatment of acute phases of periodontal disease. A
      preliminary study.

PMID- 6597201
TI  - Soft tissue cephalometric analysis of adults from Kerala.

PMID- 6597202
TI  - Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour--a case report.

PMID- 6597203
TI  - An investigation into the distance between incisive papilla and incisal edge of
      maxillary central incisor.

PMID- 6597204
TI  - Case of the month. Oral submucous fibrosis.

PMID- 6597205
TI  - Interpret your X-rays. Intra-osseous wiring for bilateral fractures.

PMID- 6597206
TI  - Fabrication of a protective lead shield for radiotherapy.

PMID- 6597207
TI  - Giant maxillary cuspid--a case report.

PMID- 6597208
TI  - Interpret your x-rays. Mandibular syphilis.

PMID- 6597209
TI  - Pericoronitis II: management and prevention.

PMID- 6597210
TI  - Cleidocranial dysostosis associated with cardiovascular disease--a case report.

PMID- 6597211
TI  - Nutritional study III. Nutritional status of edentulous patients subsequent to
      complete denture treatment.

PMID- 6597212
TI  - Fibronectin in leprosy lesions: observations using monoclonal antibodies to human
      fibronectin.
AB  - Croystat sections of dermal lesions from 33 untreated patients with leprosy were
      studied by indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies to human
      fibronectin. Macrophages in borderline (BL) and lepromatous (LL) leprosy showed
      intense staining with antifibronectin antibodies. In the tuberculoid lesions
      cells of the mononuclear phagocyte series in an epithelioid cell granuloma
      stained for fibronectin. The lymphocytes surrounding these granulomas also showed
      the presence of fibronectin. These results suggest that the granuloma of leprosy
      consists of macrophages expressing fibronectin and the lymphocytes in the lesion
      also appear to express this protein. In six borderline cases, the sub epidermal
      collagen band showed intense staining with antifibronectin antibodies. In
      addition, the distribution of Ia-like antigens and fibronectin was studied on the
      plastic adherent cells obtained from peripheral blood of 11 untreated patients
      with leprosy. Results indicate that higher percentage of adherent cells from
      lepromatous patients express fibronectin in comparison to adherent cells from
      tuberculoid patients or controls. However, no difference was observed in the
      expression of the Ia-like antigens by the adherent cells, from these patients.

PMID- 6597213
TI  - [Toothache of unknown etiology].

PMID- 6597215
TI  - [Occlusal analysis using a semi-adjustable articulator].

PMID- 6597214
TI  - [Dental caries in children--present status and future prospects].

PMID- 6597216
TI  - [Introduction to immunology: prevention of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6597218
TI  - [New concepts of dentistry in the information field].

PMID- 6597217
TI  - [Osteonectin, a new protein].

PMID- 6597219
TI  - [Amalgam mixer].

PMID- 6597220
TI  - [Marsupialization, tension methods and transplantation of impacted teeth].

PMID- 6597221
TI  - [Background of the development of ceramic implants].

PMID- 6597222
TI  - [Dentistry and mass communication: a discussion].

PMID- 6597223
TI  - [Fundamental studies on the use of decalcified bone matrix powder in periodontal
      surgery].

PMID- 6597224
TI  - [Changes in the periodontal tissues caused by experimental food impaction].

PMID- 6597225
TI  - [The thickness and form of alveolar bone in contemporary dry Japanese skulls].

PMID- 6597226
TI  - [Mechanisms of dental plaque and calculus formation due to fibronectin. 2.
      Demonstration of fibronectin in the enamel pellicle].

PMID- 6597227
TI  - [Application of calcium phosphate ceramics to periodontal therapy. 2. Fundamental
      studies on tricalcium phosphate (TCP)].

PMID- 6597228
TI  - [Application of bone grafts to periodontal therapy. 1. Material and biological
      studies on hydroxyapatite].

PMID- 6597229
TI  - [Insoluble immune complexes in experimental gingivitis of dogs].

PMID- 6597230
TI  - [Activity of serum antibody to periodontopathic bacteria following periodontal
      treatment].

PMID- 6597231
TI  - [Examination of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for serum antibodies
      against periodontally associated microorganisms].

PMID- 6597232
TI  - [A clinical study of the relation between fusion patterns of the roots and
      periodontal disease in the upper molars].

PMID- 6597233
TI  - [Effect of initial therapy on tooth mobility].

PMID- 6597234
TI  - [Epidemiological study of periodontal disease in an Island in Nagasaki prefecture
      (II)].

PMID- 6597235
TI  - [Effect of orthodontic and periodontal therapy on the gingival recession of the
      mandibular incisors of children].

PMID- 6597236
TI  - Phase I and early phase II study of PL-AC [N4-palmitoyl-(1-beta-D
      arabinofuranosyl) cytosine] on hematopoietic malignancies.

PMID- 6597238
TI  - [A roentgenocephalometric study of the craniofacial relations in children with
      primary dentition].

PMID- 6597237
TI  - [Action mechanism of ethyl-carboxyphenyl-carbamoyl-mycophenolate].

PMID- 6597239
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy study of the junctional epithelium on the tooth
      surfaces in periodontal pockets].

PMID- 6597240
TI  - [Burkitt's lymphoma occurring in the mandible].

PMID- 6597241
TI  - [Growth and development of the maxillofacial bones].

PMID- 6597242
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment planning in dentofacial deformities].

PMID- 6597243
TI  - [Surgical approach to dentofacial deformities].

PMID- 6597244
TI  - [Orthodontic-surgical approach to dentofacial deformities].

PMID- 6597245
TI  - [Post-operative evaluation of patients with dentofacial deformities].

PMID- 6597247
TI  - [Timing of orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6597246
TI  - [Dental caries prevalence of primary school children in Chungju (IV)].

PMID- 6597248
TI  - [A silent period measuring device for the masseter muscle].

PMID- 6597249
TI  - [SDS-PAGE of the lingual epithelium with special reference to the taste buds].

PMID- 6597251
TI  - Maryland continuing dental education survey: "Your needs are our command".

PMID- 6597250
TI  - Mandibular conduction anesthesia. Akinosi technique. An alternative method for
      mandibular nerve block.

PMID- 6597252
TI  - Effect of sodium meclofenamate on ultraviolet radiation induced carcinogenesis.
AB  - Sodium meclofenamate (Meclomen), an antiprostaglandin antileukotriene agent, was
      found in previous studies to protect primates against x-ray induced brain edema,
      esophagitis and cystitis. In the present study, it appeared to protect hairless
      mice against the carcinogenic effect of ultraviolet B-radiation.

PMID- 6597253
TI  - Fever of unknown origin: a survey on 133 patients.
AB  - The hospital records of one hundred and thirty-three patients with fever of
      unknown origin (FUO) were studied. An etiologic diagnosis had been made in 105
      patients: 41 patients had an infection, 24 had a neoplasm, 17 had a connective
      tissue disease, and 23 had various diseases grouped under "miscellaneous." FUO
      was self-limiting in 25 of the remaining patients. Invasive procedures
      (arteriography, biopsy, laparoscopy, paparotomy) were necessary to establish a
      diagnosis in 67 patients, non-invasive tests (sero-immunologic, bacteriologic,
      conventional radiologic tests, clinical course and treatment response) were
      sufficient in 27 patients. In 11 patients, the cause of FUO was determined in
      necropsy. Thirty patients died of FUO: 6 patients with a neoplasm, 4 with a
      connective tissue disease, and 7 with diseases termed miscellaneous.

PMID- 6597254
TI  - Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis: comparison of nosocomial and
      community-acquired infection.
AB  - Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia continues to be a frequent clinical problem even
      in communities where intravenous drug abuse is relatively rare. One-hundred-three
      evaluable cases of S. aureus bacteremia that occurred in a large tertiary care
      facility over a four year period (1979-1982) are reviewed. A comparison of
      nosocomial and community-acquired S. aureus bacteremia reveals several
      fundamental differences. Community-acquired S. aureus bacteremia frequently
      develops in the absence of a primary focus of infection and is more likely to
      result in endocarditis and secondary metastatic foci of clinical infection. In
      contrast, nosocomial S. aureus bacteremia tends to be diagnosed earlier, a
      primary site of portal entry is usually identified and endocarditis is less
      frequent as are secondary foci of infection. Irrespective of the epidemiological
      origin of S. aureus bacteremia, the mortality remains high particularly in
      nosocomial infection where the presence of severe underlying disease contributes
      to the high mortality. Methicillin resistant S. aureus adds a new dimension to
      the challenge of successful treatment of staphylococcal bacteremia.

PMID- 6597255
TI  - Mitral systolic honk in a case of congenitally corrected transposition of the
      great vessels.
AB  - A woman suffering from TCGV associated with steno-insufficiency with a prolapse
      of left atrioventricular valve (tricuspid) and an insufficiency with a prolapse
      of right atrioventricular valve (mitral) presented a systolic honk which was to
      be registered in all the precordial area. The increase of this noise at the end
      of inspiration and after amyl nitrite, in the absence of any relevant change as
      to the prolapse of both atrioventricular valves, demonstrated that the honk
      originated from the right atrioventricular valve more than from the left one.

PMID- 6597256
TI  - Relationships of prostaglandin levels and natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity
      of mononuclear cells in cord blood.
AB  - Natural killer cell cytotoxicity of mononuclear cells and the corresponding
      plasma prostaglandins were examined in cord blood. Low NK cell cytotoxicity was
      demonstrated against three target cells: NK(K562), NK(HSV-1) and NK(Fs).
      Prostaglandins of the B, E and F series were examined and found to be higher than
      adult values. A significant correlation (p less than 0.05) between NK cell
      cytotoxicity and the prostaglandin F series was demonstrated.

PMID- 6597257
TI  - Introduction to osteoporosis. A case presentation.

PMID- 6597258
TI  - Pathogenesis, prevention and therapy of osteoporosis.
AB  - Osteoporosis is a major cause of disability in elderly subjects. It represents a
      heterogenous group of disorders of skeletal homeostasis characterized by reduced
      bone mass with defective skeletal function. It is a poorly understood entity for
      which there is at present no effective therapy. In this review, we summarize what
      is known about the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and discuss the available
      therapeutic modalities. We suggest that the future approach will be to identify
      risk factors and apply preventive measures in the preclinical stage of this
      crippling disorder.

PMID- 6597259
TI  - Neutron activation studies and the effect of exercise on osteoporosis.
AB  - A technique is described to measure calcium content by in vivo neutron activation
      analysis of the trunk and upper thighs. In postmenopausal women, estrogen and
      calcium or fluoride reversed osteoporosis.

PMID- 6597260
TI  - [Preliminary analysis of serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in patients of
      blackfoot disease].

PMID- 6597261
TI  - [Six-year-experience with maintenance hemodialysis in 836 patients].

PMID- 6597262
TI  - [Studies on human body responses to noise. Part II. An experimental study on
      NITTS in 3 age groups].

PMID- 6597263
TI  - Low-dose gallium-67 citrate scan in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

PMID- 6597264
TI  - [Maxillofacial and related injuries--an analysis of 1,297 cases].

PMID- 6597265
TI  - Effect of water fluoridation on prevalence of dental caries in Chung-Hsing New
      Village, Taiwan, after 9 years.

PMID- 6597266
TI  - [Endoscopic sphincterotomy of the ampulla of Vater--non-surgical removal of
      common bile duct stones].

PMID- 6597267
TI  - [Acute interstitial nephritis associated with renal failure induced by rifampin-
      a case report].

PMID- 6597268
TI  - [Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome and intussusception--a case report].

PMID- 6597270
TI  - Measurement of R wave amplitude in treadmill exercise tests--simplified method
      and its clinical application.

PMID- 6597269
TI  - Immediate hemodynamic changes after open heart surgery for rheumatic valvular
      disease.

PMID- 6597272
TI  - Longitudinal study of carbohydrate metabolism in Chinese.

PMID- 6597271
TI  - [Evaluation of pancreatic exocrine function in various pancreatic disorders by
      pancreatic function diagnostant (PFD) test].

PMID- 6597274
TI  - Effects of thyroid hormone evaluated by cardiac systolic time interval in fasting
      subjects.

PMID- 6597273
TI  - Lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities in Chinese subjects with ischemic
      cerebrovascular disease.

PMID- 6597275
TI  - The nutritional consequence of gastric and pancreatic surgery.

PMID- 6597276
TI  - Amniotic fluid creatinine for prediction of fetal maturity.

PMID- 6597277
TI  - Aplastic anemia and pregnancy.

PMID- 6597278
TI  - Clinical characteristics and management of mucocele of the appendix.

PMID- 6597279
TI  - Clinical spectrum of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 6597280
TI  - Treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia in aged patients with low-dose Ara-C
      (arabinosyl cytosine).

PMID- 6597282
TI  - Double bladder with complete sagittal septum. A case report.

PMID- 6597281
TI  - Demonstration of 3 types of reciprocating tachycardia in a patient with Wolff
      Parkinson-White syndrome.

PMID- 6597283
TI  - [The keratinizing and calcifying odontogenic cyst. A case report].

PMID- 6597285
TI  - Gies Editorial Award winners.

PMID- 6597284
TI  - [Evaluation of the antimicrobial removal device].

PMID- 6597286
TI  - Role of leadership in Nebraska continuing education.

PMID- 6597287
TI  - Ludwig's angina: a case report.

PMID- 6597288
TI  - Report: Nursing Education Unit State Education Department and New York State
      Board for Nursing.

PMID- 6597289
TI  - To profess--to be a professional.

PMID- 6597290
TI  - Keynote address.

PMID- 6597291
TI  - The use and potential misuse of fluoride.

PMID- 6597292
TI  - Cyst or tumor?

PMID- 6597294
TI  - The emergence of forensic dentistry in the U.S.

PMID- 6597293
TI  - Establishing positive identification in skeletal cases ... when all else fails.

PMID- 6597295
TI  - Promoting your practice.

PMID- 6597296
TI  - Experimental testing of an instrument for partial pulp amputation.

PMID- 6597297
TI  - Dynamic responses of the skull caused by loss of occlusal force.

PMID- 6597298
TI  - Application of Fe-Pd shape memory alloy for dentistry.

PMID- 6597299
TI  - Effect of the temperature for synthesis on the crystallographic properties of
      hydroxyapatites.

PMID- 6597300
TI  - Clinical application of implant stabilizers: combined use of single-crystal
      sapphire endodontic implants with hydroxyapatite particles.

PMID- 6597301
TI  - Ultrastructural study of developing rat molar tooth germ in vitro. 2. The
      influence of cultivation and culture medium on the penetration of lanthanum into
      the ameloblast layer.

PMID- 6597302
TI  - Comparative study of postnatal nerve fiber growth in the inferior alveolar nerve,
      sensory root of trigeminal nerve, spinal trigeminal tract and inferior incisor
      tooth pulp of the rat.

PMID- 6597303
TI  - Modified palatal hinge flap operation in the closure of residual fistula
      following primary palatal repair.

PMID- 6597304
TI  - Congenital midline sinus of the upper lip: report of a case.

PMID- 6597305
TI  - Exohemagglutinin derived from Streptococcus mitis ATCC 9811.

PMID- 6597307
TI  - A study on the condylar position of temporomandibular joint in the dysfunction of
      the stomatognathic system using tomography.

PMID- 6597306
TI  - Association between lateral pterygoid muscle activity and mandibular plane angle.

PMID- 6597308
TI  - A new mandibular movement recording and analysing system composed of
      sirognathograph and a personal computer, and its clinical application.

PMID- 6597309
TI  - Study of the mechanism behind adjuvant action of diethylethoxymethylene malonate
      enhancing the rectal absorption of cefmetazole and lysozyme.
AB  - Diethylethoxymethylene malonate (DEEMM) and diethyl maleate (DEM) enhanced the
      rectal absorption of cefmetazole in rats when studies were carried out using in
      vivo, in situ rectal loop and in vitro rectal everted sac method. Since an
      increase of cefmetazole transport was found when concentration of nonprotein
      sulfhydryls in rectal tissue was decreased by the presence of either DEEMM or DEM
      in the study using in vitro everted sac method and the enhancement of cefmetazole
      absorption by the coadministration of either DEEMM or DEM was suppressed by the
      treatment with dimercaprol, membrane permeability of rectal tissue seems to be
      regulated by the concentration of nonprotein sulfhydryls in rectal tissue. On the
      other hand, it was also found that there were differences between the action of
      DEEMM and the action of DEM from the following two results: 1) enhancing action
      of DEEMM was suppressed by the presence of calcium ion in microenema while action
      of DEM was not so much influenced, and 2) DEEMM enhanced the rectal absorption of
      lysozyme in rabbits but DEM did not.

PMID- 6597310
TI  - Rat liver sulfotransferases: effects of gonadal hormones and other factors on
      enzyme activities.
AB  - Estradiol benzoate (EB), testosterone propionate (TP), progesterone (PG),
      corticosterone (CS), 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) and phenobarbital (PB) were
      administered to Wistar rats and their effects on hepatic sulfotransferase (ST)
      activities toward androsterone (AD) and 4-nitrophenol (NP) were determined. ST
      activity toward AD was increased by pretreatment with EB and PG in male rats. ST
      activity toward NP was increased by administration of TP and PG in females,
      whereas the enzyme activity was suppressed by pretreatment with EB in males.
      Administration of CS, MC and PB did not significantly affect ST activities toward
      AD and NP. These results indicate that sex difference in rat liver ST activities
      appears to be primarily regulated by androgenic, estrogenic and progestational
      hormones.

PMID- 6597311
TI  - Congenital leukemia (a case report).

PMID- 6597312
TI  - Nuclear matrix and transcriptional activity of the mouse alpha-globin gene.
AB  - The association of the mouse alpha-globin gene with the nuclear matrix was
      studied when the gene was permanently repressed in Ehrlich ascites cells,
      potentially active in uninduced Friend cells or actively transcribed in induced
      Friend cells. Matrix-associated DNA was obtained by two methods, differing in the
      order of treatment of the nuclei with high salt and DNase I. By using a cloned
      alpha-globin probe, no enrichment in alpha-globin sequences was found in the
      matrix-associated DNA after DNase I digestion of high-salt treated nuclei from
      Ehrlich ascites and uninduced Friend cells. In induced Friend cells, a high
      enrichment (up to 20 times) of alpha-globin sequences was detected in the DNA
      left with the nuclear matrix structures. The size of the DNA fragments obtained
      by this procedure indicated a random attack and did not correspond to a
      progressive top-to-bottom cleavage model. No enrichment in alpha-globin sequences
      was found in induced Friend cells if nuclear matrices were obtained by DNase I
      digestion of the nuclei before the treatment with high salt. Our data suggest
      that the enrichment in actively transcribed genes of matrices from nuclei treated
      with high salt does not reflect a localization of these genes close to the
      attachment sites of the chromatin loops but rather their artefactual association
      with some high salt-insoluble proteins of the transcriptional complexes.

PMID- 6597313
TI  - Management of a patient who has advanced bone loss in the lower anterior region
      by splinting and root amputation.

PMID- 6597314
TI  - What should maintenance therapy include? A review.

PMID- 6597315
TI  - [Cellular immunologic response to cardiac and valvular antigens in recipients of
      allogeneic aortic valves].

PMID- 6597316
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 and parathyroid hormone: comparisons of their actions on the
      rabbit proximal tubule.
AB  - Recent studies demonstrated that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) participates in the
      regulation of glomerular and distal tubular function. A functional role for PGE2
      on the proximal tubule has only recently been explored. Thus, we reported that
      PGE2 antagonizes the phosphaturic effect of PTH in the dog, which suggests that
      PGE2 may influence the transport functions of the mammalian proximal tubule. The
      present studies were designed to examine the direct effect of parathyroid hormone
      (PTH) and PGE2 on the fluxes of fluid (Jv) and phosphate (Jl-b PO4) in the rabbit
      proximal convoluted and straight tubules (PCT and PST). The activation of
      adenylate cyclase by the two agents was also examined. Finally, the combined
      effects of PTH and PGE2 on Jv and Jl-b PO4 were also studied in the PST. In the
      PCT, PTH (1 microgram/ml) inhibited Jv by 31% (P less than 0.05) but did not
      alter Jl-b PO4. PGE2 (10(-5) M) failed to act on either Jv or Jl-b PO4. In this
      segment, PTH stimulated adenylate cyclase but PGE2 did not. In the PST, PTH (1
      microgram/ml) inhibited Jv and Jl-b PO4 by 34 and 20%, respectively (P less than
      0.01). PGE2 (10(-5) M) also inhibited Jv and Jl-b PO4, by 33 and 12%,
      respectively (P less than 0.02). In contrast, PGF2 alpha, a related prostanoid,
      failed to influence these transport parameters. In the PST, PTH activated
      adenylate cyclase but PGE2 failed to do so. When both PTH (1 microgram/ml) and
      PGE2 (10(-7) M) were present simultaneously, Jv and Jl-b PO4 were comparable to
      that seen during control collections.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6597317
TI  - Investigation of factors influencing 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC
      1.1.1.146) activity in midgestational human fetal lung monolayer and explant
      cultures.
AB  - We recently suggested that the 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11-HSD)
      activity in midgestational human fetal lung (HFL) cultures comprised at least two
      enzymes, one oxidative--associated with epithelial cells, the other reductive-
      related to fibroblast-like cells. In this study, the effects of various hormones
      on 11-HSD activity were studied by measuring the interconversion of [3H]cortisol
      and [14C]cortisone. Human chorionic gonadotrophin, placental medium, and low
      oxygen concentration increased the conversion of cortisone to cortisol while
      activity in the reverse direction remained unchanged. No effects were seen when
      adrenocorticotrophin, prolactin, placental lactogen, estrogens, triiodothyronine
      or oxytocin were added in physiological amounts.

PMID- 6597318
TI  - Differences in steroidogenesis by the subcellular fractions of adrenocortical
      special zone and cortex proper of the female possum (Trichosurus vulpecula).
AB  - Steroidogenesis by subcellular fractions of adrenal cortex proper (C.P.) and
      special zone (S.Z.) of female possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) was studied.
      Mitochondrial, microsomal and cytosol cell fractions were incubated with
      appropriate substrates in the presence of an NADPH-generating system. The major
      products formed from [3H]progesterone and [3H]17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone by the
      microsomal fraction of the C.P. were 11-deoxycortisol and 11-deoxycorticosterone
      and 3 alpha (beta)-hydroxy-5 alpha-androstan-17-one by the S.Z. The mitochondrial
      fraction converted [3H]11-deoxycortisol to cortisol in yields twenty times higher
      by the C.P. than by the S.Z. and to 17 alpha, 20 beta,21-trihydroxy-4-pregn-3-one
      thirty times higher by the S.Z. The conversion of [3H]androstenedione to 11 beta
      hydroxyandrostenedione by the C.P. was approximately double that of the S.Z.,
      while 18-hydroxyandrostenedione (tentatively identified) formed the highest yield
      in both zones. Incubation of the same substrates with cytosol formed two 5 beta
      pregnane and two 5 beta-androstane derivatives in total yields less than 5% by
      C.P. and greater than 60% by S.Z. Aromatase activity, estimated by the release of
      [3H2O] from [1 beta 3H]testosterone, in the adrenals of 8 possums, was in each
      experiment negligibly low. Determination of total enzyme activities in the two
      zones revealed that 11 beta, 18 and 21-hydroxylases were higher in the C.P.,
      while 17 alpha-hydroxylase was higher in the S.Z. Similar results were obtained
      when the rates of formation of hydroxylated products were estimated in the
      presence of saturating amounts of substrates. Active 5 alpha- and 5 beta
      reductases, C17-20-lyase and 3 alpha (beta) and 20 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenases were found almost exclusively in the S.Z. We conclude that the
      S.Z. at lower levels of activity than the C.P. could contribute to the basal
      secretion of corticosteroids. In addition, the S.Z. has a high capacity to form
      C19 steroids and 5 alpha- and 5 beta-reduced steroids. The possible role of the
      S.Z. in possum is discussed.

PMID- 6597319
TI  - 235 cases of frozen shoulder treated by manipulation and massage.

PMID- 6597320
TI  - [Smoking and health].

PMID- 6597321
TI  - [Clinical orthodontics: cephalographic analysis and genetic understanding of
      malocclusion].

PMID- 6597322
TI  - [Recent topics in the surgical management of diseases of the head and neck area].

PMID- 6597324
TI  - [Genetic expression and dentistry].

PMID- 6597323
TI  - [Biorhythm and teeth].

PMID- 6597325
TI  - [First molar caries and pit and fissure sealants].

PMID- 6597326
TI  - [Guidelines for the prevention of hepatitis B].

PMID- 6597327
TI  - Preferred provider organizations.

PMID- 6597328
TI  - One G.P.'s approach to endo or just because its fast--is it wrong?

PMID- 6597330
TI  - [Serum muramidase activity in chronic myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 6597329
TI  - [Possibilities for the cure of acute myeloblastic leukemia with the modified VAPA
      regimen: preliminary results].

PMID- 6597331
TI  - Analysis of H-2 and Ia antigens by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis.

PMID- 6597332
TI  - Purification of human HLA-A and HLA-B class I histocompatibility antigens.

PMID- 6597333
TI  - Use of monoclonal antibody immunoaffinity columns to purify subsets of human HLA
      DR antigens.

PMID- 6597334
TI  - Reversal by DNA amplifications of an unusual mutation blocking alkane and alcohol
      utilization in Pseudomonas putida.
AB  - We analyzed the reversion of strains carrying alk208, a mutation in the alkBAC
      (alkane utilization) region of the Pseudomonas CAM-OCT plasmid. Reversion of
      alk208 was stimulated 25 to 75-fold by small doses of UV-irradiation. All alkane
      hydroxylase-positive (AlkB+) revertants proved to be aliphatic alcohol
      dehydrogenase-positive (AlkC+) as well, whereas AlkC+ revertants could be either
      AlkB+ or AlkB-. Most of the AlkB- AlkC+ partial revertants produced AlkC-
      segregants at measurable frequencies. UV-irradiation substantially increased the
      rate of AlkC- segregation. Most segregants reverted to AlkB+ or AlkC+ at
      frequencies similar to the original alk208 strain. Dot blot hybridization
      analyses using cloned probes from various regions of CAM-OCT revealed that the
      partial revertants contained specific amplications of alk DNA. The endpoints of
      these amplifications mapped in at least two regions. AlkC- segregants had lost
      the DNA amplifications.

PMID- 6597335
TI  - The unusual structure of heat shock locus 2-48B in Drosophila hydei.
AB  - We have previously isolated a 500 bp-long cDNA clone, NO9-15, which is derived
      from a nuclear transcript originating from the heat shock locus 2-48B of
      Drosophila hydei (Peters et al. 1982). Sequence analysis shows that this clone
      carries 4 complete copies and 1 partial copy of a 115 bp repeat unit. The repeats
      are closely homologous with a maximal sequence divergence of about 10%. The
      sequence does not contain an open reading frame. The genomic organization of heat
      shock locus 2-48B, as probed with the cloned cDNA sequence NO9-15, is highly
      polymorphic. Four different allelic arrangements have been found in different
      inbred strains. A number of genomic clones isolated from region 2-48B, both in
      phage lambda and in cosmid vectors, all differ in length, mainly due to varying
      numbers of the NO9-15 repeat unit. These differences are found primarily in the
      proximal region of the locus. The transcribed region of these clones includes the
      distal sequence flanking the NO9-15 repeat as well as the NO9-15 repeat itself.
      An oligo A stretch was found between the distal flanking sequence and the NO9-15
      repeat region.

PMID- 6597336
TI  - Ultraviolet mutagenesis and inducible DNA repair in Caulobacter crescentus.
AB  - The ability to reactivate ultraviolet (UV) damaged phage phi CbK (W-reactivation)
      is induced by UV irradiation of Caulobacter crescentus cells. Induction of W
      reactivation potential is specific for phage phi CbK, requires protein synthesis,
      and is greatly reduced in the presence of the rec-526 mutation. The induction
      signal generated by UV irradiation is transient, lasting about 1 1/2-2 h at 30
      degrees C; if chloramphenicol is present during early times after UV irradiation,
      induction of W-reactivation does not occur. Induction is maximal when cells are
      exposed to 5-10 J/m2 of UV, a dose that also results in considerable mutagenesis
      of the cells. Taken together, these observations demonstrate the existence of a
      UV inducible, protein synthesis requiring, transiently signalled, rec-requiring
      DNA repair system analogous to W-reactivation in Escherichia coli. In addition,
      C. crescentus also has an efficient photoreactivation system that reverses UV
      damage in the presence of strong visible light.

PMID- 6597338
TI  - The sup8 tRNALeu gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe has an unusual intervening
      sequence and reduced pairing in the anticodon stem.
AB  - We have cloned and sequenced the wild-type and suppressor alleles of the S. pombe
      sup8 tRNA gene. The wild-type allele has a leucine UAA anticodon and the
      suppressor (sup8-e) carries the opal suppressor anticodon UCA. The gene has a 16
      base pair intervening sequence that, in the RNA, is predicted to form a secondary
      structure which involves base pairing to the 5', rather than the usual 3' side of
      the 5' splice site. When incubated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell-free extracts
      both alleles are efficiently transcribed, the 5' leader and 3' trailer sequences
      are removed and CCA is added to the 3' processed end; however, the intervening
      sequence is not excised. This finding implies that the structural requirements of
      the splicing endonucleases in the two yeasts have diverged. No other tRNA genes
      with related sequences were detected in S. pombe DNA by hybridization, suggesting
      that other UUA isoacceptors may be structurally dissimilar to sup8 or that the
      UUA codon may be decoded by a UUG leucine isoacceptor.

PMID- 6597337
TI  - Weigle reactivation of diploid M13 phage.
AB  - The limited ability of ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated E. coli cells to W-reactivate
      UV-irradiated, single-stranded DNA phages fd and M13 was investigated. The
      kinetics of induction for W-reactivation of UV-irradiated fd phage are different
      from that for other SOS functions. W-reactivation of UV-irradiated M13 phage was
      studied using phage particles that contain at least two single-stranded DNA
      genomes. No effect on the extent of W-reactivation of diploid phage was observed,
      compared to that of normal haploid phage, indicating that the mechanism of W
      reactivation of single-stranded DNA phages does not involve recombination between
      partially replicated genomes.

PMID- 6597340
TI  - Amalgam vs. sealants.

PMID- 6597339
TI  - Effect of mismatched base pairs on the fate of donor DNA in transformation of
      Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AB  - Investigation of the mechanism that discriminates against mismatched base pairs
      in transformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae of genotype hex+ was based on the
      use of a radioactively labeled cloned fragment of pneumococcal DNA as donor in
      transformation. The fate of the donor label was followed by lysis of the
      transformed cells and separation by agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA fragments
      generated by restriction endonucleases. As a result of Hex action, most of the
      donor DNA fragment, which was a few kilobases in length, was lost when a
      mismatched base pair occurred between donor and recipient DNA. This was not
      observed in hex- recipient cells. Kinetic studies of mismatch-induced donor DNA
      loss showed that the process is faster in strain 800, an R6 derivative, than in
      DP1601, a strain of different origin. In the latter strain, the amount of donor
      label that becomes double stranded rises substantially, indicating extensive
      formation of donor-recipient heteroduplex structures, before falling to the
      expected level. At 30 degrees C the process is essentially completed 15 min after
      entry.

PMID- 6597342
TI  - Experimental application of a multistep kinetic model for natural cytotoxicity:
      determination of rate constants for lytic programming and killer-cell-independent
      lysis.
AB  - A multistep kinetic model for natural cytotoxicity reactions in vitro is
      described that includes consideration of the effect of nonlytic target-binding
      lymphocytes on the experimentally determined kinetic parameters. The expression
      for the maximal velocity, Vmax, obtained using this model is essentially
      identical to that obtained using simpler models, whereas the expression for the
      apparent Michaelis constant, KappM, is considerably more complex. As a first step
      in the application of this model, experiments were designed to determine the
      relative contribution of some of the component terms to the value of KappM.
      Methods were developed that allow for experimental determination of the rate
      constants for both lytic programming and killer-cell-independent lysis (KCIL)
      steps in the cytolytic process. The results obtained support lytic programming as
      the rate-determining step in natural cytotoxicity reactions and demonstrate that
      terms related to nonlytic target-binding lymphocytes contribute significantly to
      experimentally determined values for KappM. In addition, the methods developed
      for the determination of the rates of lytic programming and KCIL should prove
      useful for various studies of the mechanism of cytotoxicity and the effects of
      drugs and disease on such phenomena.

PMID- 6597341
TI  - Lysis of fresh leukemic blasts by interferon-activated human natural killer
      cells.
AB  - In a comprehensive study of 30 leukemia patients, it was found that a measurable
      fraction of fresh leukemic blasts from 8 of 8 adult patients with chronic
      myelogenous leukemia (CML) in blast crisis and 10 of 11 pediatric patients with
      childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were efficiently lysed by human
      peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cells as measured in 4-hour chromium release
      assays. The observed lysis of these fresh, noncultured, neoplastic blasts was
      mediated by a population of interferon-augmentable, FcR-positive, non-adherent
      large granular lymphoid cells from normal donors, which were also able to kill
      the 'standard' NK target K562. It was of further interest that all 8 of the
      patients with blast crisis CML exhibited myeloid type morphology. Furthermore,
      neoplastic lymphoblasts from 9 of 10 patients with NK-susceptible childhood ALL
      lacked easily detectable B or T cell markers and were of 'null' cell type. In
      marked contrast to the lytic susceptibility of fresh leukemic blasts from
      patients with ALL and CML in blast crisis, fresh neoplastic granulocytes from 5
      patients with chronic phase CML (2 of which eventually progressed to myeloid type
      blast crisis), as well as leukemic blasts from 8 patients with acute myeloid
      leukemias (AML, AMMoL, and AMoL) were resistant to lysis as mediated by human NK
      cells from normal donors. The clinical implications of these findings are
      discussed.

PMID- 6597343
TI  - [Pre-treatment and post-treatment mandibular movements of patients with reversed
      occlusion].

PMID- 6597344
TI  - [The role of granulocytopenia in periodontal disease].

PMID- 6597345
TI  - [Dental anomalies among primary school pupils. II. Degenerative upper lateral
      incisor].

PMID- 6597346
TI  - [Status of food intake in denture wearers].

PMID- 6597347
TI  - [Effect of deproteinized calf blood extracts (Solcoseryl) on granuloma
      formation].

PMID- 6597348
TI  - [Bone conduction characteristics of occlusal sounds].

PMID- 6597349
TI  - [How well do you understand laboratory data? Cirrhosis of the liver].

PMID- 6597350
TI  - Variations in rhodanese activity in rat submandibular gland with time of day.

PMID- 6597351
TI  - [Dental anomalies among primary school pupils. III. Mamelon].

PMID- 6597352
TI  - The effect of kinins on paw oedema and uterus in rats.
AB  - Bradykinin (BK) produced a dose-related increase in the paw volume of the rat.
      Responses to BK at all doses used were not affected by pretreating the rats with
      diphenhydramine, 1 mg kg-1, or indomethacin, 2.5 and 5 mg kg-1. Indomethacin, 10
      mg kg-1 produced a small but significant reduction in the responses to BK.
      Captopril 1 mg kg-1 enhanced responses to low but not to high doses of BK. The
      rank order of potency of various kinin analogues to increase paw volume was found
      to be methionyl-lysyl-BK (met-lys-BK) greater than BK greater than lysyl-BK
      (Kallidin) much greater than des-Arg9-BK. The B1-receptor antagonist des-Arg9
      Leu8-BK did not affect responses to BK on paw volume. Two modified kinin
      fragments S2302 (H-D-Pro-Phe-Arg-p-Nitroaniline) and S2441 (H-D-Pro-Phe-Arg-NH
      heptyl) produced dose-related increases in paw volume both having approximately
      half the potency of BK. These responses were not antagonised by diphenhydramine,
      1 mg kg-1 which reduced significantly the response to histamine. On the isolated
      rat uterus the rank order of potency of various kinins was BK greater than
      Kallidin greater than met-lys-BK greater than des-Arg9-BK. The two modified kinin
      fragments S2302 and S2441 (but not des-Arg9-Leu8-BK) antagonised BK induced
      contractions of the rat uterus. From the rank order of potency studies the
      receptor mediating contraction of the rat uterus in vitro and increase in rat paw
      volume to BK appear to be of the same type.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6597353
TI  - [Complications of local anesthetic agents in dentistry].

PMID- 6597354
TI  - [The application of various simple measures to promote radiation hygiene during X
      ray exposure: the situation after 10 years].

PMID- 6597355
TI  - [Gerodontology: a survey with respect to the remaining dentition].

PMID- 6597356
TI  - [Sagittal splitting of the ascending mandibular ramus using the Obwegeser-Dal
      method].

PMID- 6597357
TI  - [The durability of amalgam restorations in premolars and molars].

PMID- 6597358
TI  - [Dentistry in Jamaica].

PMID- 6597359
TI  - [Non-odontogenic cysts of the orofacial region. II. The mandible, mouth floor and
      the neck].

PMID- 6597360
TI  - [Malignant melanoma of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6597361
TI  - [Dental development and agenesis].

PMID- 6597362
TI  - [20 years of dental care. The relation between the amount of dental care and the
      chances of preserving the teeth].

PMID- 6597363
TI  - [An oral health survey. I. Basic data and representativeness of the studied group
      of 15-year-old children].

PMID- 6597364
TI  - [Results of mouth floor lowering and vestibuloplasty. III. The opinion of
      patients and its relation to other factors].

PMID- 6597365
TI  - [Relation between caries, oral hygiene and caries susceptibility tests in
      children].

PMID- 6597366
TI  - [Patient treatment in the freshman year: experiences with a new study program].

PMID- 6597367
TI  - [The curricula of dental schools: 1947 to the present].

PMID- 6597368
TI  - [Learning and teaching].

PMID- 6597369
TI  - [International dentistry. The education of dentists in several industrialized
      countries].

PMID- 6597370
TI  - [Education of the orthodontist].

PMID- 6597372
TI  - [The dental hygienist in the Netherlands: description of the vocational training
      and the profession].

PMID- 6597371
TI  - [The specialized field of maxillofacial surgery and the training of maxillofacial
      surgeons].

PMID- 6597373
TI  - [Training for the dental assistant: new courses, advantages for the profession].

PMID- 6597374
TI  - [The education of dental technicians].

PMID- 6597375
TI  - [Impact of current cariology research on dental education].

PMID- 6597376
TI  - [Periodontology in action: its effect on education and practice].

PMID- 6597377
TI  - [The effect of dental materials science research on education].

PMID- 6597378
TI  - [Social dentistry studies: function and meaning for dental education].

PMID- 6597379
TI  - [Scientific studies in orthodontic education].

PMID- 6597380
TI  - Midwifery in the community.

PMID- 6597382
TI  - Psychiatric patients deserve the best nurses.

PMID- 6597381
TI  - Health beliefs and practices in New Zealand.

PMID- 6597383
TI  - Diversional therapy.

PMID- 6597384
TI  - NERF oral history collection.

PMID- 6597385
TI  - Primary health care.

PMID- 6597386
TI  - Measurement of health outcomes.

PMID- 6597387
TI  - Insecurity a major health issue.

PMID- 6597389
TI  - Role of the rehabilitation nurse.

PMID- 6597388
TI  - Sociology and social anthropology.

PMID- 6597390
TI  - Rehabilitation for a patient following head injury.

PMID- 6597391
TI  - Leprosy in New Zealand.

PMID- 6597392
TI  - [The problem of hepatitis B in Finland. An interview of Dr. Helena Ranta].

PMID- 6597393
TI  - [Occlusal equilibration].

PMID- 6597394
TI  - [A few important points in asepsis and cross infections].

PMID- 6597395
TI  - [Acupuncture and occlusal dysfunction patients].

PMID- 6597396
TI  - [Occlusal splints in practice].

PMID- 6597397
TI  - [Hepatitis and dental care].

PMID- 6597398
TI  - Monitoring periodontal patients. An important factor in controlling periodontal
      diseases.

PMID- 6597400
TI  - Dental assistants and productivity.

PMID- 6597399
TI  - How much should you tell the patient? Lessons from the courts: Diack vs Bardsley.

PMID- 6597401
TI  - Year end tax planning. Considerations for professionals.

PMID- 6597402
TI  - Role for the dentist in behavioral intervention. Families with poor eating
      habits.

PMID- 6597404
TI  - An alternative rubber dam clamp.

PMID- 6597403
TI  - A rationale for using sugar substitutes in the prevention of dental caries.

PMID- 6597405
TI  - Osteoporosis: the importance of nutrition for healthy bones.

PMID- 6597406
TI  - Tax shelters. Determine your personal requirements.

PMID- 6597408
TI  - [Renal prostaglandins in patients with primary arterial hypertension].

PMID- 6597407
TI  - [Acute promyelocytic leukemia: retrospective study of 119 patients treated with
      daunorubicin].
AB  - A retrospective study of 119 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)
      treated with similar DNR containing regimens in reported. Antecedent of radiation
      exposure or cancer was found in 10 patients. At presentation hyperleucocytosis
      was rare (13/119 greater than 30 000/microliter); variant form was identified in
      5 cases. Organomegaly was uncommon and severe metabolic abnormality was never
      noted at presentation. DIC was observed in 75% of pts; t (15;17) was confirmed in
      25/30 pts. Complete remission (CR) rates have increased from 43% to 76% on
      account of improvement of supportive therapy with adequate DIC management.
      Addition of ARA C did not improve CR rates (72%). Surprisingly duration of CR
      seems related to maintenance therapy as 11/26 pts receiving 6 MP-MTX maintenance
      regimen were long-term survivors as compared to 1/34 comparable pts receiving
      cyclic monthly courses of chemotherapy.

PMID- 6597409
TI  - [Effect of psychological stress on the activity of the sympathetic-adrenal system
      and blood levels of PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in patients with
      primary arterial hypertension].

PMID- 6597410
TI  - [Dental occlusion in the edentulous mouth].

PMID- 6597411
TI  - [Mandibular complete dentures for edentulous jaws with underbite].

PMID- 6597412
TI  - [Diagnosis and reproduction of stable occlusal position].

PMID- 6597413
TI  - [Occlusal abnormality in abnormal jaw function].

PMID- 6597414
TI  - [TMJ syndrome caused by a crooked condyle head].

PMID- 6597415
TI  - [Approach to and diagnosis of dislocations of the articular disc].

PMID- 6597416
TI  - [Occlusal guidance and its quantitative elements].

PMID- 6597417
TI  - [Occlusal guidance and its qualitative elements].

PMID- 6597418
TI  - [Norms for selecting dental articulators].

PMID- 6597419
TI  - [Physiology of dental occlusion].

PMID- 6597420
TI  - [Centric relation, occlusal plane and occlusal height--3 points to consider in
      clinical dentistry].

PMID- 6597421
TI  - [Management of a missing mandibular left 1st molar and a mesially tilted
      mandibular 2nd molar].

PMID- 6597422
TI  - [Bridge for the mandibular left 2nd premolar and 1st and 2nd molars after moving
      the upper and lower left 2nd molar].

PMID- 6597423
TI  - [A bridge following the movement of the mandibular left 2nd molar].

PMID- 6597424
TI  - [Reimplantation of a mesially inclined lower left 2nd molar].

PMID- 6597425
TI  - [Hinge axis and kinematic axis].

PMID- 6597426
TI  - [Telescopic prosthesis for the maxillary left 1st and 2nd premolars on the side
      with a few remaining teeth].

PMID- 6597427
TI  - [Crown bridge for the maxilla and single denture for the remaining incisors and
      canines in the mandible].

PMID- 6597428
TI  - [Effect of the condylar path on the dental occlusal surface].

PMID- 6597429
TI  - [Our device for the removal of crown-bridges].

PMID- 6597430
TI  - [Spontaneous regression of malignant tumors].

PMID- 6597432
TI  - [Application of dental findings in forensic medicine].

PMID- 6597431
TI  - [Examination of the patient before lining of a removable partial denture with a
      metal framework].

PMID- 6597433
TI  - [Lining and rebasing of removable partial dentures with mucodental transmission
      of the masticatory pressures].

PMID- 6597434
TI  - [Orthodontic care in the Czech Socialist Republic. III. Districts].

PMID- 6597435
TI  - [Gingivo-dental connection--developmental views].

PMID- 6597436
TI  - [Relative accuracy of vacuum-shaped thermoplastic materials].

PMID- 6597437
TI  - The capitation pilot scheme.

PMID- 6597438
TI  - [Relations between dento-gingival pathology and some behavior variables].

PMID- 6597439
TI  - [Effect of powdered milk on experimental dental caries].

PMID- 6597440
TI  - [Clinical experimental evaluation of 2 new devices used for polishing enamel].

PMID- 6597441
TI  - [The role of the toothbrush in the control of bacterial plaque: an in vivo
      study].

PMID- 6597442
TI  - [Analysis and interpretation, through pictures, of how children visualize their
      first experience in the dental office].

PMID- 6597443
TI  - [Recent clinico-statistical studies on the epidemiology of dental caries].

PMID- 6597444
TI  - [Effect on experimental caries of phosphorus and calcium salts added to the
      diet].

PMID- 6597445
TI  - [Statistical evaluation of caries and oral hygiene status in a school population
      in the mountain region of Belluno].

PMID- 6597446
TI  - On the identification and biological properties of prostaglandin J2.
AB  - Prostaglandin D2 spontaneously decomposes at physiological pH and temperature to
      9-deoxy-delta 9-PGD2 (designated PGJ2). We developed a TLC procedure for the
      isolation of PGJ2 which was identified by both proton-NMR and mass spectrometry.
      Freshly prepared PGJ2 was active in inhibiting aggregation induced by ADP in
      citrated human platelet rich plasma. As reported by Fukushima et al. (1). PGJ2
      was less active (x 0.1-0.25) than PGD2 as an inhibitor. Concentrations of PGJ2
      that markedly inhibited aggregation of human platelets were generally incapable
      of inhibiting aggregation of rat or guinea pig platelets. Using a heterologous
      system of human platelets mixed with guinea pig plasma samples (2), it was shown
      that the ability of PGJ2 to inhibit platelet aggregation was lost immediately
      following intravenous injection in anesthetized guinea pigs. This apparent rapid
      uptake and/or degradation of PGJ2 might also explain why PGJ2 had no effect on
      blood pressure of anesthetized guinea pigs. PGJ2 was potent in inhibiting
      proliferation of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells, mouse melanoma cells and
      mouse fibroblasts. Less potent anti-proliferative effects were seen with two
      other degradation products of PGD2, one of which was the delta 12 metabolite
      reported (3,4) to be formed from PGJ2 in a reaction catalyzed by serum albumin.

PMID- 6597447
TI  - Rapidly-adapting receptor activity and intratracheal pressure in guinea pigs. I.
      Action of leukotriene C4.
AB  - Leukotriene C4 (LTC4) is a major component of slow-reacting substance of
      anaphylaxis (SRS-A) and is a potent bronchoconstrictor. In humans LTC4 results in
      bouts of coughing which suggests stimulation of pulmonary receptors involved in a
      reflex mechanism. Furthermore, atropine reduces the effect of both LTC4 and SRS
      A. To test the hypothesis that LTC4 stimulates the rapidly-adapting or "irritant"
      receptor (RAR) of the airways, we administered LTC4 by both intravenous injection
      (10-1000 ng) and by aerosol delivery (1 microgram/ml) to the lungs of guinea pigs
      while recording arterial blood pressure, intratracheal pressure, and nerve
      activity from RARs. LTC4 (i.v.) concurrently increased both nerve activity and
      intratracheal pressure even at low doses in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, a
      direct action of LTC4 (i.v.) upon the RAR is difficult to conclude. The
      separation of peak tracheal pressure and peak nerve activity was apparent with
      aerosol delivery of LTC4. The pattern of RAR activity during LTC4 aerosol
      challenge was unrelated to respiratory phase. FPL 55712 blocks the effects of SRS
      A. We challenged the lung with 500 ng LTC4 intravenously before and after FPL
      55712 injection (2.5 mg/kg). FPL 55712 blocked the increases of both tracheal
      pressure and RAR activity.

PMID- 6597448
TI  - Rapidly-adapting receptor activity and intratracheal pressure in guinea pigs. II.
      Action of aspirin and salicylic acid in antagonizing mediators of allergic
      asthma.
AB  - The effects of leukotriene C4 (LTC4), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha),
      histamine, and bradykinin upon intratracheal pressure and nerve activity from
      rapidly-adapting receptors (RARs) before and after the nonsteroidal anti
      inflammatory drugs salicylic acid (SA) and aspirin (ASA, acetylsalicylic acid)
      have been studied in guinea pigs. All mediators increased tracheal pressure and
      nerve activity in a time-dependent manner. The peak in nerve activity always
      preceded the peak in tracheal pressure. Neither SA or ASA blocked the effects of
      histamine or PGF2 alpha upon tracheal pressure or nerve activity. ASA and even SA
      blocked the effects of bradykinin on both parameters. While SA had no effect on
      LTC4, ASA blocked the effects of LTC4 upon both tracheal pressure and nerve
      activity. These results suggest that both LTC4 and bradykinin may act through
      mediators derived from arachidonic acid not only in increasing tracheal pressures
      but also to increase RAR nerve activity.

PMID- 6597449
TI  - Aggregation and thromboxane synthesis and release in isolated sheep neutrophils
      and lymphocytes in response to complement stimulation.
AB  - In an attempt to determine possible cellular sources of thromboxane synthesis and
      release during intravascular complement activation, we prepared pure, viable
      fractions of neutrophils and lymphocytes from sheep blood. Lymphocytes were also
      isolated from thoracic duct lymph. Blood neutrophils and lymphocytes release
      thromboxane and the cells aggregate when challenged with zymosan-activated
      plasma. Blood lymphocytes release thromboxane in greater quantity than do
      neutrophils with the complement stimulus. Lymph lymphocytes, when stimulated with
      zymosan-activated plasma, did not release thromboxane or aggregate. These data
      suggest that both blood neutrophils and lymphocytes are likely sources of
      complement-initiated thromboxane synthesis and release in sheep.

PMID- 6597450
TI  - Effect of propranolol, practolol and atenolol on human platelet thromboxane
      formation and plasma levels of prostaglandins 6-keto-F1 alpha and E2.
AB  - The effects of three different beta-adrenergic blocking drugs, propranolol,
      practolol and atenolol on platelet thromboxane production and the release of
      prostacyclin and prostaglandin E2 into the circulation were investigated in
      healthy volunteers. The beta-adrenergic antagonists were administered
      intravenously at equipotent doses. The serum TxB2 levels after whole blood
      clotting and the arterial and venous plasma concentrations of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha
      and PGE2 were measured before and during a 60 min period after the administration
      of the drugs, using radioimmunoassay. Practolol and atenolol elicited a
      significant decrease in platelet thromboxane formation but remained without
      effect on plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and PGE2 levels. In contrast, propranolol did
      not influence serum TxB2 concentrations but induced a significant increase in
      plasma content of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and PGE2. The results indicate that beta
      adrenergic antagonists alter the balance between the proaggregatory,
      vasoconstricting and antiaggregatory, vasodilating prostanoids in the human
      cardiovascular system. Although the direction of the action of these drugs seems
      to differ depending on the selectivity of the beta-adrenoceptor blocking
      properties the net effect of this action should be beneficial.

PMID- 6597451
TI  - Amplification by macrophages of prostaglandin-mediated immunosuppression in mice
      bearing syngeneic tumors.
AB  - The role of macrophages in tumor-mediated immunosuppression was examined, using
      C57B1/6 strain mice bearing four different immunosuppressive transplantable
      syngeneic tumors (Lewis Lung Carcinoma, B16 Melanoma, and two fibrosarcomas
      induced by methylcholanthrene in our laboratory). When tested for
      immunosuppressive activity, in inhibiting the induction of antibody formation by
      normal spleen cells in response to SRBC in vitro, the splenic and peritoneal
      macrophages from tumor-bearing mice were all significantly suppressive. The
      degree of suppression correlated with immunosuppression in tumor-bearing mice
      challenged in vivo with SRBC. Direct action of tumor cells on normal splenic
      macrophages in vitro caused them to become suppressive, the extent of suppression
      dependent on the time of interaction and on the immunosuppressive activity of the
      tumor cells in vivo. Pretreatment of suppressive splenic macrophages with
      indomethacin, a potent inhibitor of the synthesis of prostaglandins (PG), reduced
      significantly their immunosuppressive activity. Also, peritoneal macrophages from
      tumor-bearing mice produced significantly more PGE in culture than control
      macrophages. Thus, tumor-activated macrophages, presumably those macrophages that
      infiltrate the tumor in a host reaction against the tumor, serve to amplify the
      level of immunosuppression in the host by producing relatively large amounts of
      PGE that is a key physiological mediator in the activation and function of
      suppressor T lymphocytes. The stimulation of PGE synthesis in macrophages, as a
      result of their interaction with syngeneic tumors, is initiated by PGE produced
      in relatively large amount by the tumor cells.

PMID- 6597452
TI  - PGF2 alpha levels in breast cancer tissue.

PMID- 6597453
TI  - Prostaglandin-9-ketoreductase activity in erythrocytes of normal and hypertensive
      subjects.
AB  - The PGE2/PGF2 alpha balance, controlled in part by prostaglandin-9-ketoreductase,
      seems to be involved in the regulation of sodium excretion by the kidney. A
      decreased PGE2/PGF2 alpha ratio has been observed in the urine of hypertensive
      subjects. This suggests that an alteration of prostaglandin metabolism might be
      involved in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. In order to test this
      hypothesis, prostaglandin-9-ketoreductase (PG-9-KR) and prostaglandin-15
      dehydrogenase (PG-15-DH) activities were measured in erythrocytes of normotensive
      controls and patients with essential hypertension. The two enzyme activities were
      highly correlated in the two groups, supporting the hypothesis that they are
      alternate expressions of a single enzyme. These two enzyme activities were not
      significantly different in hypertensive subjects as compared to controls. Human
      essential hypertension does not appear to be linked to a generalized defect of
      prostaglandin catabolic enzymes.

PMID- 6597454
TI  - Prostaglandins and ovarian factors as modulators of the negative inotropic action
      of histamine in the isolated rat uterus.
AB  - The present study reports findings on: a) the action of histamine (H) on the
      spontaneous motility of the uterus isolated from rats during four different
      stages of the sex cycle; b) the relevance of endogenous and exogenous
      prostaglandins (PGs) for the inotropic effect of H and c) the relationships
      between these factors and the generation and release of PGs in rat uterine horns
      obtained during proestrus, estrus, metestrus and diestrus. Cumulative dose
      response curves for H, in strips isolated from proestrous rats, showed that the
      agonist inhibited, at all the concentrations tested, spontaneous myometrial
      contractions, evoking a maximum effect (100% inhibition) at 10(-5)M. Incubation
      with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA; 10(-4)M) did not modify the dose-response curve
      for H. In strips from estrous rats, the maximum effect of H was obtained at 10(
      3)M and, after incubating with ASA, the control dose-response curve for H was
      shifted to the left. A subthreshold dose of PGE2 (10(-9)M), reversed completely
      the action of ASA on H uterine responses, whereas PGF2 alpha was not effective.
      Dose-response curves for H, in uterine strips isolated from metestrous rats,
      showed the maximum effect (85% of inhibition) at 10(-3)M. Incubation with ASA,
      shifted the curve to the left and, the maximum effect increased up to 100%
      inhibition. A subthreshold dose (10(-9)M) of PGE2 or of PGF2 alpha shifted to the
      right the dose-response curve for the amine. In uterine strips isolated from
      diestrous rats the maximum inotropic action of H evoked only 75% of contractile
      inhibition and, in the presence the ASA, this influence reached 100%; the dose
      response for the agonist being shifted to the left. Both PGE2 or PGF2 alpha,
      added in the presence of ASA, abolished the displacement evoked by ASA on the
      control dose-response curve for H. A significant correlation between the tissue
      output of "PGE-like material" into the bathing solution and the ED50 for the
      contractile influence of H, was also detected. On the contrary the release of
      "PGF2 alpha -like material" did not correlate with the ED50 for H. The foregoing
      results suggest that some endogenous uterine prostaglandins of the 2 series,
      modulate the depressive inotropic action of H in isolated uterine strips,
      depending on the ovarian hormonal status of the animals.

PMID- 6597455
TI  - Effects of atrial extract on blood pressure and urinary excretion of electrolytes
      and prostaglandin E2 in rats.
AB  - The mechanism of natriuresis following administration of atrial extract is not
      fully understood. This study related the changes in urinary excretion of
      electrolytes induced by atrial or ventricular extract to those in urinary
      excretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in rats. Both atria were removed from Wistar
      rats and homogenized in a 1 N acetic acid solution. After centrifugation, the
      supernatant was lyophilized and then resolved in a 0.1 N acetic acid solution.
      The apical portions of heart ventricles were similarly prepared, and served as
      controls. One hundred microliter of the solution containing the extract of 10 mg
      of tissue were injected intravenously into assay rats, the carotid artery and the
      urinary bladder of which were cannulated to measure blood pressure and urinary
      output, respectively. Urinary PGE2 was determined by radioimmunoassay. The atrial
      extract rapidly lowered blood pressure without changing heart rate. This
      hypotensive effect was maintained for at least 30 minutes. When the urinary
      samples obtained before and 10 minutes after the injection of the atrial extract
      were compared, urinary volume and excretion of sodium (UNaV) and potassium (UKV)
      were increased by 8, 24 and 3-fold, respectively. Urinary excretion of PGE2
      (UPGEV) was increased from 5.3 +/- 0.9 (SE) to 16.3 +/- 2.9 ng/kg/10 min (p less
      than 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between UNaV and UPGEV
      in all the samples (r = 0.72, p less than 0.001), and between the changes in UNaV
      and those in UPGEV after administration of the atrial extract (r = 0.62, p less
      than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6597456
TI  - Sex and age-related differences in the urinary excretion of TXB2 in normal human
      subjects: a possible pathophysiological role of TXA2 in the aged kidney.
AB  - Urinary excretion of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), a stable metabolite of TXA2, was
      measured by radioimmunoassay in 58 normal subjects (17 males and 41 females) aged
      from 19 to 98 years. The basal level of urinary TXB2 in normal subjects was 100
      +/- 6.7 ng/day (mean +/- SEM). In young males, contamination of urine specimens
      with seminal fluid, which is known to contain large amounts of prostaglandin E,
      did not change the level of urinary TXB2. Urinary excretion of TXB2 was
      significantly higher in male subjects than in female (124 +/- 12.6 vs 90 +/- 7.4
      ng/day, p less than 0.05). There was no significant age-related difference in 24
      h urinary excretion of TXB2 in normal subjects. However, when urinary excretion
      of TXB2 was expressed as a function of urinary creatinine excretion, it was
      significantly higher in the elderly (60-93 years old) than in the younger
      subjects (19-59 years old)(141 +/- 15.7 vs 99 +/- 7.7 ng/g creatinine, p less
      than 0.02). Renal TXA2 may have a pathophysiological role in the functional
      impairment of the kidney in elderly people.

PMID- 6597457
TI  - Thromboxane synthesizing system in rat liver.
AB  - Thromboxane B2 (TXB2), along with other primary prostaglandins, was synthesized
      when rat liver microsomes were incubated with radioactive arachidonic acid. TXB2
      was identified directly by chemical ionization mass spectrometry and indirectly
      by using specific inhibitors of TX synthetase, viz., imidazole and OKY-1555 ((E)
      3(4-(3-pyridyl-methyl) phenyl)-2 methyl acrylic acid HCl). The supernatant
      fraction obtained after centrifugation at 105,000 X g for 60 min contained a
      possible regulatory component that suppressed thromboxane synthesis. The
      regulatory influence is lost after partial hepatectomy.

PMID- 6597458
TI  - Phenylethylamine excretion in depression.
AB  - Urinary phenylethylamine (PEA) excretion was evaluated in two populations of
      depressed hospitalized patients. Seven of 53 patients had PEA values exceeding
      three times the highest value found in 16 normal controls. The patients with high
      PEA excretion were all females. They were not, however, otherwise clinically
      distinguishable from depressed patients with low PEA. In a subsample of 31
      patients and 10 controls, PEA excretion was not correlated with phenylacetic acid
      (PAA) excretion. These results suggest that depression is not associated with a
      generalized PEA deficit and that PAA reductions, previously reported in a
      depressed patient population, may not reflect a PEA abnormality.

PMID- 6597460
TI  - Influence of age on the cortisol response to dexamethasone.
AB  - Controversy exists regarding the association of age with postdexamethasone serum
      cortisol levels. We evaluated this relationship in 95 patients with major
      depressive disorder and 49 healthy controls. Age and 8 a.m. postdexamethasone
      cortisol levels were not correlated among the healthy controls, but were
      positively associated among the depressives. There was also a trend for age and 4
      p.m. postdexamethasone cortisol levels to be positively associated in
      depressives. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that these associations
      could not be explained by other variables such as sex, psychotic features, or
      familial subtype of depression. Several hypotheses that might account for these
      associations are examined.

PMID- 6597459
TI  - Use of saliva cortisol in the dexamethasone suppression test.
AB  - In a sample of 26 inpatients (15 primary endogenous depressives and a
      heterogeneous comparison group of 11 psychiatric patients), results of the
      dexamethasone suppression test (DST) for endogenous depression were compared when
      cortisol was measured in plasma (total and free) and in saliva. Results showed a
      close linear relationship among plasma total and free cortisol, plasma total
      cortisol, and saliva cortisol, and between free plasma and saliva cortisol. A
      saliva cortisol cutoff point of 70 ng/dl achieved the same sensitivity (67%),
      specificity (91%), and diagnostic confidence (91%) as the best cutoff scores of
      plasma total cortisol (5 micrograms/dl) and plasma free cortisol (0.15
      microgram/dl). These results suggest that saliva cortisol, which directly
      reflects the biologically active fraction of cortisol, can be used as a reliable
      and more practical index in the DST, especially in outpatients.

PMID- 6597461
TI  - Effect of age and sex on cortisol secretion in depressives and normals.
AB  - The mean 24-hour plasma level of cortisol with plasma sampling every 20-30
      minutes was determined in 32 normal women aged 12-73, 40 normal men aged 10-55,
      21 depressed women aged 20-61, and 11 depressed men aged 22-66. The mean levels
      of cortisol were higher in the group of depressives compared with the controls.
      Cortisol levels showed a significant linear correlation with age in normal women
      but not in normal men. Both depressed women and men had a significant linear
      increase of cortisol levels with age. The finding that age substantially
      contributes to increased levels of cortisol calls for cautious interpretation of
      any data concerning that hormone when the variable of age is not adequately
      controlled. Furthermore, aging and depression may have some underlying mechanisms
      whose elucidation may contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of
      vulnerability to affective disorders.

PMID- 6597463
TI  - The genetic basis of cerebral ventricular volume.
AB  - Cerebral ventricular volume, assessed by computed tomography, is a genetically
      determined trait. In a series of 18 monozygotic and 18 dizygotic twins,
      heritability values ranged from 82% to 85% depending on the method of
      calculation.

PMID- 6597462
TI  - Clonidine treatment of neonatal narcotic abstinence syndrome.
AB  - Clonidine hydrochloride, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonists, was used to treat seven
      infants who were passively addicted to narcotics because of maternal methadone
      maintenance. In six of seven infants, the major symptoms of narcotic withdrawal
      were ameliorated after a total daily oral dose of 3-4 micrograms/kg/day was
      achieved. One infant failed to respond. No toxic side effects of clonidine were
      observed at the dosage level used. The results of this pilot study suggest that
      clonidine may be a safe therapeutic agent for the treatment of neonatal narcotic
      abstinence syndrome (NNAS). Clonidine treatment of NNAS remains strictly
      investigational at this time. The relative efficacy and safety of clonidine
      versus other currently used drug regimens for NNAS also remains to be determined.

PMID- 6597464
TI  - The meaning of dreams: the need for a standardized dream report.
AB  - One way to study dream function is to use dream content as an independent
      variable. Erroneous or inconstant definition of the dream content, however, would
      undermine its use as a predictor. This study describes a dream interview
      technique that allows assessment and control of the distorting effect from using,
      in addition to a single report of manifest content, associative dream content and
      repetition of the dream report. Dream reports obtained by this technique were
      rated for the number of references to the following seven variables: death,
      mutilation, separation, illness, guilt, shame, and falling. The data showed
      considerable variability in designating the presence or absence of all seven
      dream content variables, depending on how the dream report itself was defined. It
      is concluded that to use dream content as an independent variable in the study of
      dream function, associative content and repetition of the dream report must be
      systematically controlled.

PMID- 6597465
TI  - Denture problems: causes, diagnostic procedures, and clinical treatment. II.
      Patient discomfort problems.

PMID- 6597467
TI  - Community involvement--a practice builder?

PMID- 6597466
TI  - A study of the carious lesion utilizing radiography, polarized light microscopy,
      and scanning electron microscopy.

PMID- 6597469
TI  - Correction of first permanent molar ectopic eruption.

PMID- 6597470
TI  - Preprosthetic periodontal considerations. Crown length and biologic width.

PMID- 6597468
TI  - A comparison study between chlorhexidine and bisdequalinium acetate in solution
      and lozenge form as a plaque-preventing agent.

PMID- 6597471
TI  - Combined periodontic-endodontic lesions: a diagnostic challenge.

PMID- 6597472
TI  - Evaluation of Japanese intensifying screens.

PMID- 6597473
TI  - Compressive strengths of Disperalloy and Tytin related to condensation technique.

PMID- 6597474
TI  - SIUC mobile dental hygiene trailer program. Final report.

PMID- 6597475
TI  - [Inlays in canines].

PMID- 6597476
TI  - [Glide plane principles in the preparation of occlusal surfaces with the
      Gnathomat articulator].

PMID- 6597477
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 6597478
TI  - [Precision work requires direct sight. Possibilities for its accomplishment
      (II)].

PMID- 6597479
TI  - [Functions of the assistant in bonded prosthetics].

PMID- 6597480
TI  - [Caries and nutrition].

PMID- 6597481
TI  - [Reception in dental practice (II)].

PMID- 6597483
TI  - [Care and handling of orthodontic appliances by patients (III)].

PMID- 6597482
TI  - [Accounting in orthodontic treatment (IV)].

PMID- 6597484
TI  - [Orthodontic advice. Diverse, minor orthodontic measures (IV)].

PMID- 6597485
TI  - [Orthodontic advice. Diverse, minor orthodontic measures (III)].

PMID- 6597486
TI  - [Electron microscopy study of oxidation zones in low-precious metal and precious
      metal-free baked alloys].

PMID- 6597487
TI  - [The intra-oral film].

PMID- 6597488
TI  - [Technics for remounting in complete dentures].

PMID- 6597489
TI  - [Illumination in dentistry].

PMID- 6597491
TI  - [Problems with positioners].

PMID- 6597490
TI  - [A new system in metalloceramics using a non-precious alloy (Dentitan)].

PMID- 6597492
TI  - [Evaluation technics on the fluidity of cast alloys].

PMID- 6597493
TI  - The effect of PGF2 alpha on in vivo cerebral arteriolar diameter in cats and
      rats.
AB  - We compared the effect of topical application of PGF2 alpha on cerebral
      arterioles in cats and rats equipped with an acutely implanted cranial window.
      Arterial diameter was measured using a microscope and image splitting device.
      PGF2 alpha in a concentration ranging from 10(-7) to 10(-5) M had no effect on
      large (greater than or equal to 100 microns) or small (less than 100 microns) cat
      pial arterioles, but induced a dose dependent constriction of rat pial arterioles
      with a maximum constriction to 76% of control diameter. Dilation of cat large
      cerebral arterioles by topically applied PGE2 was not affected by simultaneous
      application of PGF2 alpha and PGE2 induced dilation of small arterioles was
      decreased 3% by PGF2 alpha. While we and others have previously shown that both
      cat and rat brain can synthesize PGF2 alpha, it appears that PGF2 alpha is not
      likely to normally be a major modulator of cerebral arteriolar resistance in all
      species.

PMID- 6597494
TI  - Effect of estradiol-17 beta and prostaglandins on rat myometrial gap junctions.
AB  - The effects of estradiol-17 beta and indomethacin on myometrial gap junction
      development, plasma estradiol levels and uterine PGF2 alpha content were
      evaluated in immature and/or ovariectomized, mature rats. High doses of estradiol
      stimulated the development of gap junctions in the myometrium of animals from
      both groups. Concomitant injections of estradiol and indomethacin to
      ovariectomized rats potentiated the estradiol stimulation of gap junctions.
      Plasma estradiol levels were lower in ovariectomized rats treated with both
      estradiol and indomethacin than in animals treated with estradiol alone.
      Indomethacin also enhanced the uptake and retention of 3H-estradiol into uterine
      tissues. Uterine PGF2 alpha content of ovarectomized rats was stimulated with the
      initial injection of estradiol but thereafter, the PGF2 alpha content declined
      with repeated injections to values lower than that observed in controls.
      Prostaglandin F2 alpha content in tissues from rats treated with estradiol plus
      indomethacin were also higher than that observed in rats treated with
      indomethacin alone, however, the values obtained in both groups were
      significantly lower compared to those from control animals. These results are
      consistent with the hypothesis that steroid hormones and prostaglandins regulate
      myometrial gap junction formation. Regulation of myometrial gap junctions by
      prostaglandins is discussed with respect to a down regulation of the steroid
      receptor mechanism and effects on cyclo-oxygenase or lipoxygenase products.

PMID- 6597495
TI  - Isolation of leukotriene C4 from human seminal fluid.
AB  - LTC4 was isolated and characterized from seminal fluid of seven human volunteers.
      A compound with a similar retention time to that of synthetic LTC4 was obtained
      using reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The ultraviolet
      absorbance of the extracted substance was identical to synthetic LTC4.
      Furthermore this compound contracted the guinea pig ileum and lung parenchymal
      strip. Its effects were antagonized by the leukotriene antagonist FPL55712. It
      was concluded that LTC4 is present in human seminal fluid in very small amounts
      (about 100 ng/ejaculate). The possible physiological functions of LTC4 in the
      reproductive tract are discussed.

PMID- 6597496
TI  - Biosynthesis of prostaglandins by tissues of the human fetus.
AB  - Human fetal tissues have been superfused and prostaglandin (PG)E2, PGF2 alpha and
      6-keto-PGF1 alpha have been measured in the effluents using specific
      radioimmunoassays. In general, the rates of production of 6-keto-PGF by the
      tissues studied were greater than the rates of production of PGF2 alpha which in
      turn were greater than the rates of production of PGE2.

PMID- 6597497
TI  - Prostaglandins in the uterus: modulation by steroid hormones.
AB  - Phospholipase A2 (PLA2), one of the enzymes considered to be rate-limiting in
      generating free arachidonic acid for prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, endogenous
      concentrations and in vitro production of PGs in the rat uterus were studied
      under various experimental conditions. Uterine PLA2 activity showed a 167-fold
      increase in ovariectomized rats bearing estradiol-17 beta (E2)-implants as
      compared to those treated with vehicle only. On the other hand, dexamethasone
      treatment reduced the E2-stimulable PLA2 activity by about 24-fold. The uterine
      PLA2 activity in the ovariectomized rat uterus was low and not altered by
      instillation of progesterone (P4) implants or by administration of dexamethasone.
      On the contrary, simultaneous placement of E2- and P4-implants prevented
      significantly the rise in PLA2 activity as observed under unopposed E2 exposure.
      Dexamethasone treatment further reduced the activity. The endogenous
      concentration of uterine PGF was several fold higher in the E2-implanted
      ovariectomized rats as compared to those without the E2-implants or carrying only
      P4-implants. The simultaneous treatment of the E2-implanted rats with P4 and/or
      dexamethasone reduced the uterine PGF concentrations considerably. The uterine
      PGF concentration was always lower in the ovariectomized rats under any condition
      if they were not treated with E2. Uterine PGE-A concentration did not change
      significantly between the ovariectomized rats and the ovariectomized rats
      carrying E2-implants. The treatment with P4 and/or dexamethasone, however, tended
      to decrease the PGE-A concentration. The production of PGF by the uterine
      homogenate increased by several fold in ovariectomized rats implanted with E2
      silastic capsules as compared to those without the E2 implants. The treatments of
      the E2-implanted rats with P4 or dexamethasone did not alter this production.
      However, simultaneous exposure of E2-implanted rats to P4 and dexamethasone
      lowered the production rate of PGF in the uterus. The treatment of the
      ovariectomized rats with dexamethasone of P4 tended to elevate the uterine PGF
      production. The uterine PGE-A production followed more or less the same pattern.
      The analysis of our present data suggests that although a relationship exists
      between uterine PLA2 activity and PGF concentration, the role of PG synthetase
      could also be important in regulating PGF synthesis. Our study with
      dexamethasone, which showed inhibition of uterine PLA2 activity and decline in
      endogenous but not in vitro production of PGs, indicate that cellular integrity
      is essential for PLA2 to function as a rate-limiting step in PG
      synthesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6597499
TI  - A simplified method for constructing a buccal flange obturator.

PMID- 6597498
TI  - A new procedure for the fabrication of bite planes.

PMID- 6597500
TI  - [Membranous organelles in the odontoblastic process. II. Cytochemical analysis].

PMID- 6597501
TI  - [A bacterium resembling Gemella isolated from early human dental plaque].

PMID- 6597502
TI  - [Recently detected organisms from oral infectious diseases and their
      antimicrobial sensitivity].

PMID- 6597503
TI  - [Radiographic examination in pedodontics: a complex problem].

PMID- 6597504
TI  - [Review of root canal treatment: indication and technics].

PMID- 6597506
TI  - [Radiologic contribution to the therapeutic decision in pedodontics].

PMID- 6597505
TI  - [Polishing of micro-charged composites. A comparison of dental and industrial
      technics].

PMID- 6597507
TI  - [Anatomo-pathological changes in dental tissues: implications at the time of
      endodontic treatment].

PMID- 6597509
TI  - [Local regional anesthesia in children].

PMID- 6597508
TI  - [Ergonomics and endodontics: rationalization of the endodontic procedure].

PMID- 6597510
TI  - [Do composite inlays by the indirect method constitute a solution for the
      future?].

PMID- 6597511
TI  - [Periodontal implantology, new concepts thanks to malleable materials].

PMID- 6597512
TI  - [Healthy connective tissue and its changes during periodontal disease].

PMID- 6597513
TI  - [Antibiotics in orodental pathology].

PMID- 6597514
TI  - [An interview with Dr. Daniel Silva Herzog].

PMID- 6597515
TI  - [Dentistry and the microworld called inflammation].

PMID- 6597517
TI  - [Surgical management in dentistry (2). Management of mandibular impacted wisdom
      teeth].

PMID- 6597516
TI  - [Microbiological aspects of halitosis and its treatment].

PMID- 6597518
TI  - [Surgical management in dentistry (4). Surgical management of abscess,
      apicoectomy and hemisection].

PMID- 6597519
TI  - [Theoretical-clinical aspects of interceptive orthodontic therapy].

PMID- 6597520
TI  - [Tumors of the maxillary sinus: considerations on case histories of 31 patients.
      I: general signs, classification].

PMID- 6597521
TI  - [The use of chlorhexidine after initial preparation].

PMID- 6597523
TI  - [Anatomico-clinical aspects and surgical treatment of large odontogenic cysts of
      the jaw].

PMID- 6597522
TI  - [Biofeedback in dentistry: proposals for applications in bruxism, tension
      headache and phobic reactions].

PMID- 6597524
TI  - [Scientific activity in the dental extraction and oral surgery division of the
      George Eastman Hospital in 1982-83: results and comments].

PMID- 6597525
TI  - [Mounting of models using the facial arch in semi-adjustable articulators].

PMID- 6597526
TI  - [Permanent incisors with enamel-dentin lesions after severe trauma: clinico
      statistical study].

PMID- 6597527
TI  - [Apicoectomy].

PMID- 6597528
TI  - [The Eleutherian method in dentistry: an individualized relation with the dental
      patient].

PMID- 6597529
TI  - Evaluation of two enzymatic methods of determining unsulphated serum bile acids.
AB  - Two enzymatic methods of determining unsulphated 3 alpha-hydroxylated and 7 alpha
      hydroxylated bile acids, respectively, were evaluated. Both methods are based on
      a coupled enzyme reaction involving a coloured redox indicator and absorbance
      measurement as the final step. Recovery and specificity were tested on human
      serum pools containing different bile acids added in various amounts, and by
      comparison of the results with those obtained by gas-liquid chromatography after
      group separation of bile acids from patient sera. Results from the two enzymatic
      methods were also compared with those determined with radioimmunoassay on a large
      number of patient sera. The results indicate that the enzymatic methods are
      useful for serum bile acid screening but more sensitive methods are necessary for
      investigations within the normal range.

PMID- 6597530
TI  - An enzymatic method of determining 7 alpha-hydroxylated bile acids in urine.
AB  - A recently developed enzymatic method of determining unsulphated 7 alpha
      hydroxylated bile acids in serum was evaluated for the analysis of bile acids in
      urine after hydrolysis of the sulphate esters. Results obtained using the
      enzymatic method were compared to those obtained by radioimmunoassay of 7 alpha
      hydroxylated bile acids in urine samples from patients. Results of the enzymatic
      method were also compared to results of gas-liquid chromatography of individual
      bile acids after group separation of the bile acids on Sephadex-DEAP-LH-20. There
      was significant correlation between the enzymatic method and radioimmunoassay for
      bile acid determination in urine. The analysis of different conjugates after
      group separation of bile acids revealed no unspecific reactions when compared to
      gas-liquid chromatography. The reference range for 7 alpha-hydroxylated urinary
      bile acids was in agreement with earlier published results.

PMID- 6597532
TI  - Dental features in congenital persistent renal tubular acidosis of proximal type.
AB  - The dental features in a hitherto unknown type of renal tubular acidosis
      (capillary blood pH 7.07-7.15) of proximal type are reported. The patient
      presented agenesis of three second premolars, delayed development and eruption of
      permanent teeth, delayed shedding of the primary dentition and severe enamel
      hypoplasia of the permanent teeth. Apart from exceptionally thin enamel,
      histologic, fluorescent and polarization microscopic and microradiographic
      investigation of three primary teeth did not reveal unusual findings. The changes
      are most probably due to a generalized, acidosis-induced defect in several highly
      differentiated ectodermal tissues.

PMID- 6597531
TI  - Dentinal innervation of impacted human third molars.
AB  - Five totally impacted third molars were studied in the transmission electron
      microscope for the presence of nervous structures in the dentin before eruption.
      In contradiction to earlier studies available, nervous structures were found in
      the predentin and the dentin of the impacted third molars in different parts of
      the crown and also in the predentin of the root.

PMID- 6597534
TI  - Extraction of enamel proteins.
AB  - Two multi-step extraction procedures were used to isolate matrix proteins from
      fetal bovine enamel. Using SDS-PAGE and gel isoelectric focusing it was concluded
      that extraction procedures influence the number of protein bands in the gel,
      their pI, apparent molecular weight and staining intensity.

PMID- 6597533
TI  - Associations of some variables to tooth formation in children with isolated cleft
      palate.
AB  - The timing of tooth formation in 251 children, affected with isolated cleft
      palate without syndromes or other concomitant visceral anomalies (CP), was
      evaluated from orthopantomograms. The age range was 6-12 yr. The formation of the
      permanent teeth was delayed approximately 0.7 yr in CP children compared with the
      data on the non-cleft reference group. There were no differences in sex
      distribution between the CP group and the non-cleft reference group and between
      the CP subgroups. No significant differences in tooth formation could be detected
      between the subgroups; with and without positive family history of clefts, with
      and without conical elevation of the lower lip, and between the subgroups of
      submucous, partial and complete cleft of the palate. The presence of hypodontia
      promoted the delay significantly and the delay increased with increasing number
      of missing teeth per child. In the older age group of 9-12 yr, the delay was
      significantly longer (1.1 yr) than in the younger age group of 6-9 yr (0.6 yr).
      The present findings of tooth formation support the hypothesis that the genetic
      component in the multifactorial situation does not act directly in producing the
      malformation itself, but indirectly, through a reduction in buffering.
      Furthermore, at least some of the sporadic cases have a partly genetic etiology.

PMID- 6597535
TI  - Use of fluorides by Finnish adolescents.
AB  - According to the recommendations of the National Board of Health in Finland
      fluoride tablets should be used daily from the age of 6 months to 15 yr in
      fluoride deficient areas. Topical fluorides are recommended in addition to
      systemic fluorides. The aim of this study was to analyze the use of fluoride
      tablets and topical fluorides by Finnish adolescents. Teenagers (n = 4705)
      representing Finnish youth aged 12, 14, 16 and 18 yr were sent mail
      questionnaires in February 1981. The response rate was 88%. The proportion of
      daily fluoride tablet users was 12% among 12-yr-old girls, 3% among 14-yr-old
      girls and among boys 10% and 4%, respectively. Fluoride rinses at home were used
      daily by only 1%. During the most recent school term, 34% had several times, and
      8% once, participated in classroom fluoride rinsing. In the same period 14% had
      used fluoride gel several times, and 10% once. Thus despite dental health
      education, fluoride tablets and rinses are used very rarely at home by Finnish
      teenagers. The recommendations of the National Board of Health are far removed
      from the behavior of adolescents. Use of fluoride tablets and topical fluorides
      do not seem to be a practical alternative to drinking-water fluoridation, because
      of the low level of compliance.

PMID- 6597536
TI  - Stimulated salivary flow rate, pH and lactobacillus and yeast concentrations in
      medicated persons.
AB  - Flow rate, pH and lactobacillus and yeast counts of paraffin-stimulated whole
      saliva were analyzed in an adult population of 463 medicated persons. Of the very
      large number of drugs only a few groups were found to decrease salivation to such
      an extent that they can be considered to cause dental harm. Persons using
      neuroleptics, tricyclic antidepressants or antihypertensives were nevertheless
      found to produce stimulated saliva at rates significantly lower than unmedicated
      persons. Age had no influence on the flow rate, but postmenopausal age seems to
      predispose medicated women to a decrease in salivary flow. Higher microbial
      counts were found in the medicated men.

PMID- 6597537
TI  - Influence of bacterial cell concentration and inorganic anions on lysis of
      Streptococcus mutans BHT by salivary lysozyme.
AB  - The aim of this work was to study the influence of bacterial cell concentrations
      and inorganic anions on lysis of Streptococcus mutans BHT by human salivary
      lysozyme (HSL). HSL was partly purified from saliva by ion exchange
      chromatography. The bacteria were grown in a synthetic medium containing 3H
      thymidine to monitor DNA release. The experiments demonstrated that release of 3H
      thymidine was dependent on the bacterial cell concentration and an apparent Km
      value corresponding to approximately 2.9 X 10(8) cells/ml was calculated. The
      influence of I-, Br-, Cl-, F-, HCO3- and SCN- on bacteriolysis was studied. All
      anions tested were slightly inhibitory on the action of HSL. The inhibition
      varied from 7 to 76% depending on the ion and ionic strength. The order of
      addition of HSL and sodium chloride caused different lytic responses. This was
      reflected by the amount of HSL adsorbed by the bacteria.

PMID- 6597538
TI  - Early erosion of dental cements.
AB  - The disintegration in water of various unset glass ionomer cements, a
      polycarboxylate and a zinc phosphate cement was measured gravimetrically after
      exposure of the cements to a constant water jet. The test gave reproducible
      results with significant variations between the various types and brands of
      cements. For zinc phosphate and polycarboxylate cements, no weight loss was
      observed in the period from 4 to 8 min after commencement of mixing. All the
      glass ionomer cements showed a significant loss of weight at 4 min and a somewhat
      reduced weight loss at 6 min after start of mixing. Two cements, a filling and a
      luting material, showed reduced weight when exposed to a water jet even 8 min
      after start of mixing. The early erosion as recorded in the present study
      conforms with the setting of the glass ionomer cements.

PMID- 6597539
TI  - Light microscopic study of experimental cell-mediated immunity in rat oral
      mucosa.
AB  - A model for hapten-induced cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in the oral mucosa of the
      Sprague-Dawley rat is presented. Sensitization was performed with 0.1 ml of a
      hapten (DNCB 2%, in acetone solution) administered five times on shaved dorsal
      skin. Ten days after completed sensitization, eliciting doses of 0.1-0.02% of the
      hapten were applied in the buccal mucosa one or several times giving rise to an
      inflammation dominated by lymphocytes. The development of the reaction was
      studied in a time sequence study. Also sensitization through the buccal mucosa
      was attempted, with three or more of the eliciting doses applied directly in the
      buccal mucosa. Light microscopically, the reaction was identical to the one seen
      in previously sensitized rats. The effects of DNCB and DNFB on sensitized animals
      with eliciting doses of 25 microliter 2% or 0.02% in acetone/olive oil were
      compared. No differences were seen in the low concentration range, but in the
      high concentration range, DNFB showed a more potent effect giving rise to ulcers,
      not observed with DNCB.

PMID- 6597540
TI  - Infraocclusion of primary molars: a histologic study.
AB  - In order to analyze the occurrence and character of ankylosis in primary molars
      in infraocclusion, 102 primary molars, 62 in infraocclusion and 40 in normal
      position, in children aged 3-17 yr, were studied histologically. Ankylosis was
      demonstrable in most of the infraoccluded teeth while ankylosis was not found in
      teeth with normal positions. The ankylosis was always located at the inner root
      surface. Progression of the resorption of the root with age was seen in both
      groups of teeth. In teeth of younger children, in contrast to teeth of older
      children, the ankylosis was never found in the cervical portion of the roots. In
      the mandible, a thicker buccal marginal bone crest could be found in
      infraoccluded teeth than in teeth in normal position. Bone biopsies revealed no
      pathologic changes. Pulps of infraoccluded teeth more often demonstrated
      degenerative changes like fibrosis and calcifications. It is suggested that
      ankylosis is a local phenomenon, most likely due to developmental disturbances of
      the periodontium, and that ankylosis in infraoccluded primary molars is not a
      static condition but part of an ongoing process during root resorption.

PMID- 6597541
TI  - Optimized use of clinical laboratory data. Proceedings of the IV international
      meeting on clinical laboratory organization and management. Uppsala, Sweden,
      1983.

PMID- 6597543
TI  - Gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. Proceedings of the seventh symposium in a series
      on basic science in gastroenterology. London, UK, 24 April 1984.

PMID- 6597542
TI  - Nitrates in acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - Nitrates produce a more efficacious early haemodynamic profile than other drugs
      currently available for the treatment of patients with left ventricular failure
      following acute myocardial infarction. Given by intravenous infusion their
      venodilator activity rapidly results in a substantial reduction in the excessive
      left ventricular preload. Their arterial dilator effects result in a less marked
      but advantageous reduction in the reflex increase in left ventricular afterload.
      The haemodynamic consequences are a reduction in left ventricular global
      dysfunction, wall stress and myocardial oxygen consumption and enhanced
      subendocardial perfusion. These beneficial haemodynamic attributes may reduce
      infarct size and contribute to a reduction in the potential to develop
      arrhythmias. Nitrates form the first-line treatment of choice in this clinical
      emergency, but may be combined with advantage in some situations with diuretics
      and arteriolar dilators. Nitrates offer potential but less certain advantages in
      the prophylactic treatment of uncomplicated myocardial infarction.

PMID- 6597545
TI  - Chronic gastritis as a cancer precursor.
AB  - Clinical and epidemiological observations suggest that gastric cancer of the
      'intestinal' histological type is the end result of a series of events manifested
      by the chronic gastritis complex. A series of progressive changes representing
      gradual loss of differentiation is postulated after the gastric process has
      reached the stage of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. An aetiological model
      proposing in situ synthesis of multiple, repeated small doses of N-nitroso
      carcinogens is discussed.

PMID- 6597544
TI  - Histochemistry of epithelial metaplasia and dysplasia in human stomach and
      colorectum.
AB  - Histochemical techniques reveal the functional divergence of carcinomas of the
      gastrointestinal tract and their tissues of origin. The principal changes are
      either the impairment or loss of normal functions or the acquisition of new
      functions. The latter may be those of heterologous adult tissues (metaplasia) or
      foetal tissues. Dysplasia or intra-epithelial neoplasia is regarded as a
      selective precancerous lesion. One might predict the functional profiles of
      dysplasia to be intermediate between those of normal and carcinomatous tissues.
      This appears to be only partially true in that high grade dysplasia (amounting to
      carcinoma-in-situ) will show appropriate cancer-associated changes, whereas low
      grade dysplasia may be functionally identical to its normal counterpart.
      Paradoxically, it is possible to demonstrate cancer-associated changes in non
      neoplastic lesions such as incomplete intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa and
      both metaplastic polyps and transitional mucosa of the colorectum. If a
      proportion of the changes occurring in the course of malignant transformation
      have a metaplastic basis, it is possible that these are caused by the same
      environmental agents which lead to benign metaplasias. Benign metaplastic lesions
      may signal the presence of a potentially carcinogenic microenvironment, whilst
      some, such as incomplete intestinal metaplasia, are regarded as precancerous.

PMID- 6597546
TI  - Dysplasia and cancer in ulcerative colitis: a soluble problem?
AB  - Now that many of the problems associated with the recognition, classification and
      terminology of dysplasia in ulcerative colitis have been overcome, the clinical
      effectiveness of such a classification needs to be investigated. Because
      dysplasia has been defined as an unequivocally neoplastic transformation of the
      epithelium which is capable of giving rise to an invasive carcinoma, it follows
      that in waiting for the development of dysplasia in patients at risk, there will
      always be an associated and as yet undefined incidence of invasive carcinoma
      already being present. Nevertheless, it is currently inappropriate to consider
      proctocolectomy before such changes develop. It is emphasised that waiting for
      high grade dysplasia to develop may lead to an unacceptably high level of
      associated invasive carcinoma. Also, because dysplasia is frequently focal, the
      changes of detecting it on random biopsy are directly proportional to the number
      of biopsies taken, and if found in flat mucosa it may be difficult to confirm the
      presence of such dysplasia by re-biopsy. Colectomy at this stage is aimed at
      cancer prevention rather than early cancer detection. Conversely, targeted
      biopsies of endoscopically visible plaques, nodules or other abnormalities, which
      may already be the superficial part of invasive carcinomas, offer the best hope
      of early detection of carcinoma. However, a proportion of these may have
      metastasised already; this is much more likely to have occurred if such a lesion
      is found at the first colonoscopy rather than in a patient in whom several
      surveillance colonoscopies have been carried out. Finally, the initial stages of
      many colitic cancers are undetectable endoscopically or radiologically but may be
      biopsied accidentally. All of these factors suggest that unexpected carcinomas
      will occur in any long-term prospective study. Surprisingly, most will not be
      lethal and they can be kept to a minimum if proctocolectomy is considered once
      unequivocal dysplasia is demonstrated on biopsy, particularly in parts of the
      world where large bowel cancer is already common. Data are required which assess
      accurately the risk of an invasive carcinoma being present or developing when
      epithelium indefinite for dysplasia, low grade dysplasia or high grade dysplasia
      are present both with and without an endoscopic abnormality being the source of
      the biopsy, and when such biopsies are obtained at the first or at subsequent
      colonoscopies. Only then can the risks of colectomy be weighed adequately against
      the likelihood of carcinoma already being present.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400
      WORDS)

PMID- 6597547
TI  - Intervention in large bowel carcinogenesis--does screening improve prognosis?
AB  - Cancer of the large bowel is the second most common malignant tumour in the
      western world, with approximately 20,000 new cases registered each year in
      England and Wales. No improvement in the survival figures has occurred in the
      past 30 years, and since 1970 the number of deaths per annum in Great Britain has
      been rising. The prognosis of the disease is related directly to the degree of
      centrifugal spread of the tumour. Patients with cancer limited to the bowel wall
      have a corrected 5-year survival of about 90%, whereas those with tumours with
      lymphatic spread have a 5-year survival of about 30%. The prognosis for early
      colorectal tumours is therefore good, but a method of identifying such lesions is
      required. If early tumours bleed, the detection of occult blood in the faeces may
      be a valuable screening test for colorectal cancer. In one town, 8,925
      asymptomatic people over the age of 40 were invited to be screened for faecal
      occult bleeding using Haemoccult slides. The invitation was accepted by 2,439
      patients, a compliance rate of 27%. On Haemoccult screening 121 patients were
      positive initially, but 39 of these were found to be false-positive after further
      investigation. Haemoccult therefore gives a false-positive incidence of 30%.
      Twelve tumours of the bowel were identified, eight polyps and four cancers.
      Another patient who had been negative in the screening survey was identified
      within 2 months of the end of the experiment as having large-bowel cancer. This
      means that Haemoccult gives a false negative rate, in our hands, of 20%. The
      ability of a cancer screening procedure to identify and cure early tumours
      depends upon the compliance of the population, the sensitivity of the test and
      the availability of effective treatment. The poor compliance of our population
      and the disappointing sensitivity of Haemoccult mean that occult blood screening
      for early large bowel cancer remains theoretically possible but practically
      inefficient.

PMID- 6597548
TI  - Clonogenic, stem and carcinogen-target cells in small intestine.
AB  - The small intestine is an epithelial site which rarely undergoes carcinogenic
      transformation in spite of the fact that it is one of the most rapidly replacing
      tissues of the body. Some possible explanations for the low cancer incidence are
      discussed, with particular reference to the target cell population within the
      epithelium which is capable of carcinogenic transformation. It is proposed that
      the carcinogen target cells are the stem cells of the tissue and a possible
      defect which might lead to cancer is a slight alteration in the self
      maintenance/differentiation probabilities in favour of self-maintenance.

PMID- 6597549
TI  - Cell proliferation in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis.
AB  - During the course of carcinogenesis in the intestinal tract a series of
      proliferative changes occur which may represent pre-neoplastic abnormalities.
      These include progressive crypt hyperplasia, expansion of the proliferation zone
      within the crypt and alterations in the numbers and distribution of proliferating
      cells. The literature documenting these changes has been reviewed and their
      significance as pre-neoplastic phenomena assessed. Major problems include the
      differentiation of coincidental adaptive changes from truly pre-neoplastic ones,
      and the integration of morphological and kinetic observations.

PMID- 6597550
TI  - The relationship between intestinal hyperplasia and carcinogenesis.
AB  - Conditions that potentiate colorectal carcinogenesis have in common the ability
      to increase cell proliferation in colonic crypts. Since compensatory hyperplasia
      of the shortened gut involves large bowel as well as small bowel, postoperative
      adaptation might promote the development of bowel cancer. This hypothesis was
      tested in Sprague-Dawley or Fischer rats given parenteral azoxymethane (50-160
      mg/kg). Resection and bypass of a third or more of the small intestine
      consistently enhance colorectal carcinogenesis; so does pancreatobiliary
      diversion to mid small bowel. Partial colectomy has little effect on adaptation
      or carcinogenesis, but colonic defunction reduces mucosal mass and tumour yields.
      Bile acids are cocarcinogenic when instilled per rectum but not in colon
      sequestered as a Thiry-Vella fistula. Most intestinal anastomoses and stomas are
      favoured sites for tumour development. Postoperative hyperplasia plays a
      cocarcinogenic role in this experimental model. Patients with operations such as
      ileal resection and jejunoileal bypass should be screened for evidence of
      hyperplasia or dysplasia in the large intestine.

PMID- 6597551
TI  - Aetiological factors in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis.
AB  - The risk of developing gastrointestinal cancer varies markedly between and within
      populations. These variations indicate that environmental factors, especially
      those associated with diet, are correlated strongly with the risk of developing
      intestinal tumours. In particular a diet high in animal fat and protein carries a
      high risk for colon cancer whereas the consumption of salted or pickled foods is
      associated with gastric cancer. Although many carcinogens have been identified in
      various food items none have been associated specifically with the incidence of a
      particular gastrointestinal cancer, not have any specific carcinogens been
      isolated from colonic or gastric contents. Mutagens, presumptive procarcinogens,
      have been detected in faecal and gastric samples, but, owing to problems with
      experimental design, have not been correlated with risk. As most common
      intestinal cancers arise in those segments of the intestine that are, or may be,
      most heavily colonised it has been hypothesised that these bacteria may form
      biologically active substrates in situ. In vitro studies have confirmed that
      intestinal bacteria can metabolise a wide range of substrates, such as steroids,
      bile acids and amino acids, to potential precarcinogens. Furthermore, the
      substrate for these reactions are generally present in higher concentration in
      the faeces of high risk colon cancer subjects, although similar data are not
      available for potential stomach cancer subjects.

PMID- 6597552
TI  - The identification of high risk populations.
AB  - This presentation is concerned with the early identification of individuals at
      increased risk for cancer of the large intestine. To facilitate this work we
      developed a comprehensive register of individuals at high risk for colorectal
      cancer at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. The high risk groups are
      characterised by an hereditary predisposition to colorectal cancer, as suggested
      by familial associations or early ages of onset of neoplasia, or by the presence
      of a previous disease of the large intestine believed to be associated with
      premalignancy. Recent information on the biological characteristics of colonic
      mucosa, and related findings in individuals with increased susceptibility to
      colorectal cancer, are summarised in this review. Particular reference is made to
      proliferate abnormalities that develop during early stages of neoplastic cell
      transformation, and to new methods of measurement which facilitate the
      identification of early abnormalities.

PMID- 6597553
TI  - The adenoma-carcinoma sequence.
AB  - The adenoma-carcinoma sequence refers to the development of malignant change in a
      precursor focal dysplastic polypoid lesion, the adenoma. In the intestinal tract
      of man this progression has been most clearly documented in the large bowel and
      although the evidence is largely circumstantial, it would appear that the
      majority of malignant tumours at this site arise in this way. By contrast this
      course is unusual in the stomach, the other major site of gut malignancy, where
      adenomas are uncommon. Small intestinal adenocarcinoma is rare but there is
      evidence that a significant proportion of these tumours develop from a precursor
      adenoma. In the large bowel, adenomas are very common lesions in those
      populations where there is a high incidence of colorectal cancer. The likelihood
      of malignancy developing in an adenoma is related to increasing size, a villous
      as opposed to a tubular growth pattern, and the severity of cytological and
      architectural abnormalities (dysplasia) of the epithelium.

PMID- 6597554
TI  - Function and disease of the oesophagus. Proceedings of a symposium. Oslo,
      February 3-4, 1984.

PMID- 6597555
TI  - Recent advances in beta-lactam antibiotics. A symposium. Oslo, Norway, February
      24-25, 1984.

PMID- 6597556
TI  - Treatment of acute bacterial meningitis with special emphasis on beta-lactam
      antibiotics.
AB  - Acute bacterial meningitis still represents a therapeutic problem. Successful
      management depends on early administration of large doses of bactericidal
      antibiotics and adequate treatment of complications, i.e. shock, acute cerebral
      edema, consumption coagulopathy, convulsions and electrolyte disturbances.
      Meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis or Streptococcus pneumoniae should be
      treated with benzylpenicillin. If benzylpenicillin cannot be given,
      chloramphenicol has remained the best substitute. However, cefuroxime or
      ceftriaxone now seems to offer an alternative to chloramphenicol. The prevalence
      of beta-lactamase-producing Haemophilus influenzae strains is increasing and
      chloramphenicol has replaced ampicillin in the treatment of H. influenzae
      meningitis. Recent studies indicate that cefuroxime, ceftriaxone or moxalactam
      may be as effective as chloramphenicol in this type of meningitis. In neonatal
      meningitis, cefotaxime or moxalactam may constitute alternatives to the present
      regimens with ampicillin-gentamicin, gentamicin-chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole or
      gentamicin. Promising results have also been obtained with cefotaxime or
      moxalactam in elderly patients with meningitis due to Gram-negative enteric
      bacilli. However, more extensive studies are needed to determine the role of the
      newer cephalosporins in the treatment of acute bacterial meningitis.

PMID- 6597557
TI  - Bacterial infections of the upper respiratory airways and beta-lactam
      antibiotics.
AB  - Infections of the upper respiratory tract, including the middle ear cleft, still
      create therapeutic problems. Although rhinitis is usually a virus infection, the
      infection of the paranasal sinuses are almost invariably of bacterial origin.
      Pneumococci, H. influenzae and anaerobes are the bacterial species most
      frequently isolated. In acute otitis media, pneumococci, H. influenzae and as
      demonstrated during the last few years, Branhamella catarrhalis constitutes the
      main pathogens. Anaerobes dominate the isolates in chronic otitis media,
      characterized by tissue destruction and sometimes intracranial complications. In
      acute tonsillitis and pharyngitis, Streptococcus pyogenes is the main bacterial
      pathogen whereas anaerobes are encountered in Vincent's angina, peritonsillar and
      parapharyngeal abscesses. The role of Branhamella in pharyngeal infections is
      still a subject of some dispute. In acute epiglottitis of children, H. influenzae
      is almost invariably isolated from the throat swabs and blood cultures. In
      adults, Streptococcus pyogenes and anaerobic bacteria also have to be considered
      as likely pathogens. The acute laryngitis has hitherto been regarded as a
      nonbacterial inflammation but there are reports indicating that Branhamella
      catarrhalis can be involved. Apparently the bacteriology of the upper respiratory
      tract infections have changed but little during the decades. The therapeutical
      problems of today are mainly due to decreased antibiotic susceptibility among the
      established pathogens, the presence of beta-lactamase production among bacterial
      species that establish the normal throat flora and lack of knowledge concerning
      the pathophysiology of infections of the mucous membranes.

PMID- 6597558
TI  - Beta-lactam antibiotics in lower respiratory tract infections.
AB  - Like in any infection, the choice of antibacterials in pulmonary infections of
      known bacterial etiology is simple. When etiology is not known, the choice must
      rest upon knowledge of the epidemiology of lower respiratory infections and the
      antibacterial spectrum of the antibiotics in question. The epidemiology of
      community-acquired lower respiratory infections is not too well studied. However,
      some studies indicate that approximately 50% of lower respiratory infections are
      caused by bacteria among which Streptococcus pneumoniae prevails, followed by
      Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococci, Branhamella catarrhalis and other Neisseria
      species, staphylococci and Enterobacteriaceae account for less than 10% each. The
      prevalence of Legionella pneumophila is unknown, but it is of limited
      significance. Mycoplasma pneumoniae varies in prevalence according to time and
      geographic area. In acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, the epidemiology
      is similar, except that H. influenzae is more commonly found than pneumococci.
      The traditional strong position of penicillin in the blind, primary treatment of
      community-acquired lower respiratory infections is challenged by the increasing
      frequency of penicillin-resistant H. influenzae and the discovery of new agents
      not sensitive to penicillins. The same can be said for the more recently
      introduced primary treatment with erythromycin. However, most community-acquired
      infections in the lower respiratory tract respond to penicillin; tetracycline or
      erythromycin may be used for treatment when the clinical response is
      unsatisfactory. In patients who are known or suspected to have compromised host
      defense, beta-lactams such as ureido-penicillins and the new cephalosporins
      should be used as primary therapy. In hospital-acquired lower respiratory tract
      infections, the etiological diagnosis is more likely to be made.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6597559
TI  - Treatment with beta-lactam antibiotics in skin and soft tissue infections.
AB  - Beta-lactam antibiotics are highly effective against most bacteria causing skin
      and soft tissue infections. Good tissue penetration further makes beta-lactam
      antibiotics useful against skin and soft tissue infections. Drugs with a narrow
      spectrum should be among the first choice. Broader spectrum beta-lactam
      antibiotics may be needed in reduced bacterial susceptibility. Low molecular
      weight compounds (monobactams, penems, penicillinase inhibitors) in addition to
      their high antibacterial effect have shown excellent tissue penetration. In easy
      and moderately severe anaerobic infections not treatable with conventional oral
      beta-lactam antibiotics, other oral antibacterial agents (e.g. clindamycin,
      metronidazole) may be used rather than the parenteral recent acyl
      ureidopenicillins or cephalosporins. Due to long duration of skin and soft tissue
      levels of drugs, it is unnecessary to administer beta-lactam antibiotics more
      than 2 or 3 times a day. Normal dosage schedules can be employed except in
      severely compromised elimination when decreased doses may be recommended or in
      immuno-compromised hosts and other risk patients who may require a 2- or 3-fold
      increase.

PMID- 6597560
TI  - Requirements for documentation of clinical effects of antibiotics.
AB  - Documentation of clinical and microbiological efficacy and safety of antibiotics
      require well designed studies involving large number of patients. In principal,
      all studies should be comparative and the comparative agent(s) should be well
      documented in the literature. If possible, the studies should also be blind but
      if satisfactory blinding cannot be guaranteed, open studies will have to be
      performed, especially if injectible antibiotics are studied. The size of the
      trial, in terms of number of patients evaluable for clinical and especially for
      microbiological efficacy, must be sufficient either to prove significant
      differences between the regimens studied or to demonstrate equality with a
      reasonable type II error. Since the end-points used for efficacy and safety are
      not normally continuous, the patient materials must often be of a size which can
      only be achieved by multiple independent trials or multicentre trials. Thus, such
      studies are recommended.

PMID- 6597561
TI  - Bacterial wall peptidoglycan, DD-peptidases and beta-lactam antibiotics.
AB  - Wall peptidoglycan expansion in bacteria rests upon a cytoplasmic D-Ala: D-Ala
      ligase (ADP) which catalyses synthesis of a D-Ala-D-Ala dipeptide (with
      accompanying hydrolysis of one molecule of ATP) and a set of DD-peptidases which
      utilize this D-Ala-D-Ala dipeptide--once it has been translocated at the outer
      face of the plasma membrane as the C-terminal portion of a disaccharide peptide
      unit--as carbonyl donor for transpeptidation and carboxypeptidation reactions
      (without additional energy expenditure). Four DD-peptidases have been selected
      which differ from each other with respect to the effects that amino compounds
      exert on the fate and rate of consumption of a D-Ala-D-Ala terminated amide
      carbonyl donor analogue. They serve as models to understand the different
      mechanisms by which the DD-peptidases perform catalysis and show widely varying
      responses to the action of beta-lactams, from extreme sensitivity to very high
      resistance.

PMID- 6597562
TI  - Basic design of beta-lactam antibiotics--cephalosporins.
AB  - Since the introduction of cephaloglycin and cephalothin as the first commercially
      available cephalosporin C derivatives, there has been a proliferation of new
      agents, predominantly injectables. These have provided compounds with increased
      potency, improved spectrum, and/or pharmacokinetic advantages. The nature of the
      modifications producing these changes is the subject of the present report. The
      pathway generally followed by chemists working on a nucleus suitable for
      modification is initially a combination of trial and error and application of
      analogies from related areas. Once a moiety conferring a desirable effect has
      been identified, it or its analogs will be widely utilized in an effort to
      achieve further improvements. The choice of derivatives to be made is appreciably
      influenced by potential patentability and the feasibility of synthesis. For oral
      cephalosporins, to achieve adequate intrinsic bioavailability, the 7 beta-side
      chain has almost invariably been found to require a primary amino group on the
      alpha-carbon (D-configuration). This has limited potential changes at the 7 beta
      position and leaves the 3-position as the major site for introducing novel
      substituents. Among thousands of derivatives prepared, only a few have actually
      been developed for clinical use. For injectables, where oral absorption is not a
      factor, there are no such specific preferred entities for either the 3- or 7 beta
      position. Because of this, cephalosporin derivatives containing a large and
      diverse group of substituents at these positions have been prepared. In addition,
      another substitution site was identified upon discovery of the cephamycins,
      antibiotics which differ from cephalosporins by the presence of a methoxy group
      at the 7 alpha-position. Substitution at this site confers remarkable beta
      lactamase stability, but only methoxy has given acceptable potency. First
      generation injectables which have in the 3-position the naturally occurring
      acetoxymethyl group or other relatively simply substituents are very active
      against Gram-positive organisms and a few species of Gram-negatives. As new 3-
      and 7 beta-side chain moieties were studied, appropriate combinations yielded
      compounds active vs. a broader spectrum of Enterobacteriaceae and/or Pseudomonas
      aeruginosa or Bacteroides fragilis. Furthermore, dramatic changes in
      pharmacokinetics (longer half-lives) were achieved by both 3- and 7 beta-side
      chain modifications.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6597563
TI  - Trends in the development of beta-lactam antibiotics.
AB  - In many ways it is ironic that the first description of a beta-lactamase occurred
      in 1940 with an enzyme isolated from Escherichia coli since in recent years there
      has been a major interest in Gram-negative species and the development of agents
      to overcome the hydrolytic action of beta-lactamases of Gram-negative species.
      There have been four distinctly different approaches to the development of new
      beta-lactam antibiotics. These have been the search for inhibitors of beta
      lactamases and agents such as clavulanic acid and sulbactam are examples of
      compounds which by virtue of Kcat function act as suicide inhibitors and make old
      antibiotics new. There has been the modification of the penicillin and cephem
      nucleus to increase beta-lactamase stability or failing that to improve the
      ability of the compounds to pass through the cell wall and increase affinity for
      critical beta-lactam receptors, i.e. penicillin-binding proteins. There has been
      the development of carbapenem type of agents such as imipenem which would have
      broad activity including aerobic, anaerobic, Gram-positive and Gram-negative
      species. There has been the discovery of the monobactam agents of which aztreonam
      is an example of a compound with great beta-lactamase stability but with activity
      limited to Gram-negative aerobic species. Bacterial resistance has indeed been
      the major factor that has modified use of beta-lactams and influenced the
      development of the aforementioned types of drugs. The widespread presence of beta
      lactamases in common pathogens such as Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria
      gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and
      Bacteroides fragilis has made it necessary to have beta-lactamase stable
      compounds for initial therapy of infection. It is possible to analyze structure
      activity relations of beta-lactam compounds to determine changes which will be
      most advantageous in light of known and expected resistance patterns. But the
      increased realization in recent years of the importance of the pharmacokinetics
      of beta-lactam drugs has made it essential that the development of new compounds
      be based on an integration of microbiological and pharmacokinetic parameters.
      Interest in the prevention of resistant flora has also affected the development
      of new drugs since it is increasingly appreciated that alteration of intestinal
      flora contributes to selection of drug resistant microorganisms. Finally, new
      toxicities or adverse effects associated with the use of certain new agents has
      modified the development of certain compounds.

PMID- 6597564
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of beta-lactam antibiotics.
AB  - Beta-lactam antibiotics represent the oldest class of antibiotics used in the
      treatment of infections. Consequently, a large number of agents have been
      developed. Penicillins and cephalosporins are generally available for parenteral
      application. Some are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The serum half
      life (t1/2) of most beta-lactams is 1-2 hours. Ceftazidime and temocillin are
      more long-lasting with a t1/2 of 4-6 hours and ceftriaxone of 8-10 h. These
      values relate to patients with normal renal function. The elimination is only
      moderately prolonged for beta-lactams and of little consequences for the dosage
      regimens, partly because of the high tolerance of this group of antibiotics.
      Penicillins and cephalosporins are eliminated by glomerular filtration and
      varying degrees of active transport across the epithelial cells of the renal
      tubuli and hepatobiliary system. Active transport mechanisms also explain the low
      concentrations of beta-lactam antibiotics in cerebrospinal fluid. Otherwise,
      penetration of these agents to unspecialized tissues is good. Substances with a
      low serum protein binding, such as ampicillin and amoxicillin, reach
      concentrations in peripheral human lymph which as assessed by the ratios of areas
      under the concentration curves are 50-80% of the serum levels. The serum protein
      binding appears to act mainly by inhibiting the rate with which the antibiotic
      passes into extravascular foci. For instance, temocillin with a serum albumin
      binding around 85% establishes levels in peripheral lymph which are 50-60% of
      those in serum. This may be explained by the fact that a higher protein binding
      is accompanied by more lipid solubility, which are two factors acting in opposite
      directions as concerns passage by diffusion across body barriers.

PMID- 6597565
TI  - The use of beta-lactam antibiotics in infections--an overview.
AB  - Any new antibiotic must be compared with older agents with respect to therapeutic
      efficacy, protection against infection, toxicity, cost and pharmacokinetic
      properties. For a new drug to be considered an "advance", it should achieve some
      definite advantage in one or more of these areas. By expanding their
      microbiologic activity and by killing many organisms at extremely low
      concentration, a number of new beta-lactam antibiotics have become useful agents
      in the therapy of difficult infections, particularly those occurring in patients
      with generalized immunodeficiencies or those occurring in body sites of localized
      immunodeficiency. Of additional clinical relevance has been the ability of some
      of these new drugs to replace the necessity of combination antibiotic therapy,
      reducing the chances for adverse reactions. To use the new beta-lactam
      antibiotics properly, one must now know much more than whether an organism is
      merely resistant or sensitive to the drug. One must know how sensitive and how
      resistant the bacterium is to the drug and for how long do serum and tissue
      levels remain above inhibitory or bactericidal concentrations of the drug for the
      suspected or proven pathogen. Of course, we cannot forget the cost of the drug
      and its potential for adverse reactions. In brief to prevent or to treat
      infections, the clinicians must be familiar with the microbiology, pharmacology,
      toxicology and cost of antibiotics.

PMID- 6597566
TI  - Nuclear transplantation in teleosts. Hybrid fish from the nucleus of crucian and
      the cytoplasm of carp.
AB  - Hybrid fish are obtained from the combination of nucleus and cytoplasm from two
      genera of fresh-water teleosts using the technique of nuclear transplantation
      (i.e. the combination of the nucleus of crucian (Carassius auratus) and the
      cytoplasm of carp (Cyprinus carpio]. Morphological characteristics of these
      hybrid fish that have been examined so far indicate that some features such as
      barbs, pharyngeal teeth, the number of scales along the lateral line, and the
      number of vertebrae are similar to those of crucian. Some of the hybrid fish grow
      to normal adult fish.

PMID- 6597567
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of changes in rat submandibular glands induced by long
      term repeated administration of isoproterenol. Morphological changes in acinar
      cells after administration].

PMID- 6597568
TI  - [Ultrastructural studies of the junctional epithelium--morphometric analysis,
      permeability and regeneration].

PMID- 6597569
TI  - [A clinical study of occlusal contact recording methods and occlusal adjustment
      for complete denture--occlusal contact recording materials].

PMID- 6597570
TI  - [Contour changes and growth and development of the alveolar ridge following multi
      extractions of the maxillary deciduous incisors].

PMID- 6597571
TI  - [Hemodynamic effect of intraoral surgery under intravenous sedation with diazepam
      in hypertensive patients].

PMID- 6597572
TI  - [Morphological and functional changes in occlusal surfaces with aging in the same
      person].

PMID- 6597573
TI  - [Experimental study on tissue reactions to a paste made of calcium hydroxide and
      iodoform with an addition of silicone oil--with special reference to absorption
      of and calcification by the paste].

PMID- 6597574
TI  - [Rubber-type materials for denture base adjustments and a clinical study on
      adjustment effects].

PMID- 6597576
TI  - [Buccal and lingual aspects of the clinical crowns of maxillary deciduous 2nd
      molars].

PMID- 6597575
TI  - [Inorganic biomaterials in endodontic therapy (2). Histo-pathological studies of
      the effect of alumina ceramic powder on the apical wounds of dog teeth].

PMID- 6597577
TI  - [The tertiary stomatologic disease--temporomandibular dysfunction].

PMID- 6597578
TI  - [Direct capping--an application of chemical surgery].

PMID- 6597579
TI  - [A personal computer system for dental office automation].

PMID- 6597580
TI  - [Discrepancy factors in malocclusion and its management].

PMID- 6597581
TI  - [Lasers in dentistry. 3. Protection against Nd-YAG lasers].

PMID- 6597582
TI  - [Eruption of the third molar among intern students at a dental college].

PMID- 6597583
TI  - [Progress of dental technology and common misconceptions on the life-span of
      teeth].

PMID- 6597584
TI  - [A case report of an impacted lower 1st molar].

PMID- 6597585
TI  - [Clinical analysis of patients with TMJ dysfunction during orthodontic
      treatment].

PMID- 6597586
TI  - [Diseases of the oral soft tissues in children].

PMID- 6597587
TI  - [Changes in the anatomical terminology of human teeth].

PMID- 6597588
TI  - [Suprofen(DT-10-A), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic for post
      extraction pain--a clinical study].

PMID- 6597589
TI  - [2 new cameras for recording clinical progress].

PMID- 6597590
TI  - [Recent advancements in medical electronics. Computed panoramic tomography using
      a laser scanning system].

PMID- 6597591
TI  - [Important points for the establishment of centric maxillomandibular relations].

PMID- 6597592
TI  - [Occlusal wear of posterior composite resins].

PMID- 6597593
TI  - [Clinical trial of a new glass ionomer cement as a fissure sealant].

PMID- 6597594
TI  - [Thermography in the oral and facial regions].

PMID- 6597595
TI  - [Dental management of children 1 1/2 years old].

PMID- 6597597
TI  - [Equilibration for crown-bridge restorations].

PMID- 6597596
TI  - [Training of dental hygienists (5)].

PMID- 6597598
TI  - [Chlorolysozyme for experimental periodontitis].

PMID- 6597600
TI  - [Education of dental hygienists].

PMID- 6597599
TI  - [Chymoral for inflammatory diseases in the orodental area].

PMID- 6597601
TI  - [Lysozymal chloride for periodontal abscess--clinical studies].

PMID- 6597602
TI  - [Non-surgical methods of treating periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6597603
TI  - [The importance of phase I in periodontal therapy].

PMID- 6597604
TI  - [Basic approach to periodontal disease and a case report].

PMID- 6597605
TI  - [Polymerization characteristics of visible light-cured composite resins and
      interchangeability of light emitters for resins (I)].

PMID- 6597606
TI  - [Ultrasonic preparation of the root canal system].

PMID- 6597607
TI  - [Occlusal adjustments in routine clinical procedures. 2. Technics common to
      various specialties].

PMID- 6597608
TI  - [Tooth movement for prosthodontic procedures. 3].

PMID- 6597609
TI  - [Thermography in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery (2)].

PMID- 6597610
TI  - [Bleaching of discolored teeth].

PMID- 6597611
TI  - [Structural and ecological aspects of subgingival microflora].

PMID- 6597612
TI  - [Bacterial examination in periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6597613
TI  - [Bacterial examinations in several cases of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6597614
TI  - [Polymerization characteristics of visible light-cured composite resins and
      interchangeability of light emitters for resins (II)].

PMID- 6597615
TI  - [Occlusal adjustments in routine clinical procedures. 3. Common misunderstandings
      and mishaps].

PMID- 6597616
TI  - [Administration of antibiotics--before or after each meal].

PMID- 6597617
TI  - [Guidance in oral hygiene for the first and second graders].

PMID- 6597618
TI  - [Fosfomycin for infections in the orodental area--clinical studies].

PMID- 6597619
TI  - [Clinical studies of leftose tablets for dental infections and their prevention].

PMID- 6597620
TI  - [Discoloration of esthetic restorative materials with special reference to the
      relation of the discoloration and the metallic elements].

PMID- 6597621
TI  - [Compressive yield strength of dental casting silver alloys].

PMID- 6597622
TI  - [Dental methacrylic resins. 9. The composition of heat-shock, pour-type and self
      curing denture base resins].

PMID- 6597623
TI  - [Dental methacrylic resins. 10. The physical properties of heat-curing, heat
      shock, pour-type and self-curing denture base resins].

PMID- 6597624
TI  - [Application of a cyclic creep test for denture base materials, especially in the
      trial manufacture of a testing apparatus and its numerical analysis].

PMID- 6597626
TI  - [Distortion of a resin base. 1. Distortion in a resin plate].

PMID- 6597625
TI  - [Synthesis of hexa(methacryloxyethylenedioxy)cyclotriphosphazene and its
      properties and use as a composite resin].

PMID- 6597627
TI  - [Ag-Pd-Cu-Zn alloy containing 20% Pd].

PMID- 6597628
TI  - Periodontal conditions following surgical exposure of unerupted maxillary canines
      -a long term follow-up study of two surgical techniques.
AB  - Two surgical techniques for exposure of impacted labially positioned maxillary
      canines were compared as to periodontal conditions at the end of the orthodontic
      treatment period. In the radical exposure group the alveolar mucosa and bone
      covering the crown were removed. In the other group a pedicle flap including
      keratinized gingiva was used for exposure. After the removal of bone the flap was
      apically positioned and sutured. The non-treated contralateral canines served as
      controls. The result showed that radical exposure in the region of alveolar
      mucosa resulted in significantly reduced width of buccal keratinized gingiva,
      reduced sulcus depth, increased gingival recession and increased gingivitis. The
      difference between the apically positioned flap group and the non-treated control
      groups was not significant.

PMID- 6597629
TI  - Aspiration in oral local anaesthesia. Frequency of blood in cartridges in an
      undergraduate student material.
AB  - In an experimental study, comprising 1662 injections performed by 120 dental
      students, the number of aspirations, which were positive for blood was recorded.
      The highest frequency of positive blood findings in the cartridges by aspiration
      was found with the mandibular block injections (11,3 per cent). The results are
      similar to those described in earlier investigations, in which experienced
      clinicians made the injections. Thus, the clinical experience does not seem to be
      of determining importance in this connection.

PMID- 6597630
TI  - Salivary flow rate in children and adolescents.
AB  - This paper gives information on the flow rate of mixed whole saliva, stimulated
      by chewing, from the age at which the child can first co-operate in sampling
      adulthood. The salivary flow rate increased with age and boys had consistently
      higher rates than girls. As far as the flow rate is concerned the salivary glands
      seemed to be fully developed at the age of 15. When the flow rate was determined
      under standardized conditions, it was relatively stable, not only during daytime
      and from day to day but also over a longer period of time. Neither the time of
      day when the sample was taken nor the timing in relation to the last meal could
      be found to be of significant importance to the flow rate. Furthermore, repeated
      sampling did not affect the results as the children "learned" how to spit. In the
      great majority of cases a single determination, using the simple method employed
      in this study, must be considered fully adequate. However, at a very low flow
      rate repeated sampling reduces the risk of obtaining a misleading extreme value
      due to individual variation.

PMID- 6597631
TI  - Clinical and radiologic six-year follow-up study of patients with crepitation of
      the temporomandibular joint.
AB  - Combined clinical and radiologic follow-up investigations of patients with
      temporomandibular joint (TMJ) crepitation are seldom seen in the literature. The
      aim of the present study was to clinically and radiologically re-examine twenty
      four patients with TMJ crepitation six years after treatment was completed.
      Eleven patients initially had unilateral crepitation and thirteen bilateral.
      Symptoms and clinical signs were reduced. The localization of the condyle at
      intercuspal position as well as at maximum mouth opening was unchanged in the
      majority of the TMJs. Structural bone changes had existed in 30 of the 37 TMJs in
      1974. The original structural bone changes were preserved in twenty of the TMJs,
      bone structure was altered in ten and six had remained normal. One normal TMJ
      developed structural bone changes. The most common alterations consisted of
      increased sclerosis in the mandibular fossa and disappearance of erosions in the
      condyle. Since the symptoms and signs were reduced and the radiological changes
      were small, the prognosis for patients with TMJ crepitation must be considered
      good.

PMID- 6597632
TI  - [Rectangular collimation of the X-ray beam in intraoral radiography].

PMID- 6597633
TI  - [Frequency of cyst-like pneumatization of the articular eminence in rotational
      panoramic radiographs].

PMID- 6597634
TI  - [Cyst-like pneumatization of the articular eminence seen in rotational panoramic
      radiographs].

PMID- 6597635
TI  - [Gingival hyperplasia due to treatment with cyclosporin (cyclosporin A)].

PMID- 6597636
TI  - [Intraoral mouth guards in a group of athletes (boxers)].

PMID- 6597637
TI  - [A case of tooth malformation after cytostatic drug therapy].

PMID- 6597638
TI  - [Autotransplantation of premolars].

PMID- 6597639
TI  - [Cancer metastasis to the jaw. I. Clinical finding in 17 patients].

PMID- 6597640
TI  - [Licensed dental assistants. Their careers and the acceptance of their
      profession].

PMID- 6597641
TI  - [Treatment of mandibular retrognathism].

PMID- 6597642
TI  - [Marginal periodontitis. Microbiology in the diagnosis and treatment].

PMID- 6597643
TI  - [Disc dislocation of the jaw joint. A report of a survey].

PMID- 6597644
TI  - [Simplified periodontal examination. A useful method in general dental
      practice?].

PMID- 6597645
TI  - [Composites with reticular reinforced structures].

PMID- 6597646
TI  - [Remineralization. One of fluoride's important cariostatic mechanisms].

PMID- 6597647
TI  - [Mandibular fractures in children. A retrospective study].

PMID- 6597648
TI  - [Cooperation between public health dentistry and private practice dentistry.
      Epidemiologic information systems for organized dental care for the elderly in
      Vasternorrland].

PMID- 6597649
TI  - [Orthodontic/surgical treatment planning for impacted teeth. A retrospective
      study].

PMID- 6597650
TI  - [How accurate is caries diagnosis?].

PMID- 6597652
TI  - [Which is better: dental floss or toothpicks?].

PMID- 6597651
TI  - [Jaw joint pain--an overlooked diagnosis in headache patients?].

PMID- 6597653
TI  - [The organization of privately-owned dental laboratories in 1983 and more].

PMID- 6597654
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 production by human bone marrow cells: a comparison with
      peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
AB  - The amount of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the supernatant of human bone marrow
      cell cultures was measured by radioimmunoassay. Bone marrow cells were obtained
      from adult patients without hematological malignancies. Marrow mononuclear cells
      (BMMNC) (0.5 X 10(6)) and marrow nonadherent cells (BMNAC) (0.5 X 10(6)) were
      cultured at 37 degrees C in 5% CO2 in 0.5 ml RPMI 1640 supplemented with L
      glutamine, 10% fetal calf serum and 10 mM Hepes buffer. The levels of PGE2 in the
      supernatant of BMMNC after 24 hr and 48 hr incubation were 3,000 +/- 2,320 pg/ml
      (n = 10, mean +/- S.D.) and 4,470 +/- 3,510 pg/ml (n = 12), respectively. The
      kinetics of PGE2 production by BMMNC was different from that of peripheral blood
      mononuclear cells. The level of PGE2 in the supernatant of BMNAC after 48 hr
      incubation was only 1/18 when compared to that of BMMNC. These data suggest that
      the major source of PGE2 in the supernatant of marrow cell cultures may be bone
      marrow mononuclear phagocytes and that admixed blood mononuclear cells in BMMNC
      may produce only a small amount of PGE2.

PMID- 6597655
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha contents of broncho-alveolar lavage fluids from
      normal subjects and patients with diffuse interstitial pulmonary disease.

PMID- 6597656
TI  - Further characterization of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in
      cultured myometrial cells: cofactor dependency and subcellular localization.
AB  - To further characterize 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 beta-SDH) from
      cultured ovine myometrial cells, an assay was established in whole cell
      homogenates and cell subfractions. Tritiated estradiol (E2) was incubated in the
      presence of an excess of cofactor and estrone (E1) formed purified by thin-layer
      chromatography. The enzyme activity was linear with time up to 2 hours and with
      protein concentration up to 0.7 mg/ml at the substrate concentration used (5 X
      10(-9) M). The routine assay was for 30 min in the presence of 0.5 mg/ml of
      protein. Both NAD+ or NADP+ could sustain enzyme activity but NAD+ was twice as
      much efficient. Most of the enzyme activity was associated with the microsome and
      mitochondrial membranes. The addition of an excess (1000 microM) of NAD+ to the
      incubation medium prevented the progressive decline observed with time in a given
      subculture in the intact cell monolayer assay, supporting our previous hypothesis
      that this decline was due to cofactor depletion. In contrast, the slow and
      irreversible decline of enzyme activity observed in successive subcultures was
      not prevented by the addition of cofactor to the homogenate and thus reflects
      another phenomenon, probably a change in metabolism with age.

PMID- 6597658
TI  - [Measurements of the improvement in the biological value of
      polymethylmethacrylates].

PMID- 6597657
TI  - [Experimental study of the physical and biological properties of polyacrylate
      cement].

PMID- 6597659
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis].

PMID- 6597660
TI  - [A case of pleuropericarditis preceding acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6597661
TI  - [Roentgenological diagnosis of extranodal lesions in children with
      hemoblastoses].

PMID- 6597662
TI  - [Isolation and fractionation of DNA methylases from Mycobacterium butyricum].
AB  - Properties of total preparation of methylases from M. butyricum strain were
      studied using various methods of column chromatography. Distinct heterogeneity of
      the methylase preparation was demonstrated by gel filtration, anion exchange
      chromatography on diethyl aminoethyl cellulose and affinity chromatography on
      Sepharose blue. Several methylases, dissimilar both in physico-chemical
      properties and in their specificity to nitrogenous bases, were found in M.
      butyricum cells. In the strain studied methylases of adenine and cytosine were
      found, which were responsible for biosynthesis of 6-methyl adenine and 5-methyl
      cytosine in the acceptor DNA at the ratio 9 : 1.

PMID- 6597664
TI  - [The effect of gold compounds on DNA synthesis and repair].

PMID- 6597663
TI  - [Prostaglandin metabolism in the liver of rats with different preferences for
      ethanol].
AB  - Content of prostaglandins A, E and F, activity of prostaglandin synthetases,
      content of fatty acids in the phospholipid fraction were studied in liver tissue
      of rats exhibiting preference for water or ethanol. In the animals with marked
      preference for ethanol synthesis of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha, content of
      the prostaglandins F were distinctly higher. Content of prostaglandins E was
      increased in the rats exhibiting preference for water. Content of myristate and
      linoleate was higher and that of stearate was lower in liver tissue phospholipids
      of ethanol-consuming rats as compared with the animals preferring water. Possible
      role of prostaglandins in development of various metabolic pools in rats
      exhibiting various preference for ethanol is discussed.

PMID- 6597665
TI  - The avulsed tooth.

PMID- 6597666
TI  - A functional splinting technique for traumatic injuries.

PMID- 6597667
TI  - Erythema multiforme. Diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 6597668
TI  - [Prevention and management of complications in everyday dentistry].

PMID- 6597669
TI  - [Prevention of dental caries as an orthodontic preventive measure].

PMID- 6597670
TI  - [Esthetic properties of acrylic teeth].

PMID- 6597671
TI  - [Practical use of new materials for veneers].

PMID- 6597672
TI  - [Plasmacytoma in the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6597673
TI  - [The tongue as a mirror of systemic diseases (I)].

PMID- 6597674
TI  - [Time factors as the physiological basis for the therapeutic results in the
      measurement of the occlusal plane].

PMID- 6597675
TI  - [Sense and nonsense in focal infection].

PMID- 6597676
TI  - [Focal infection from the clinical-serological view].

PMID- 6597677
TI  - [Problems of focal irritation: retained wisdom teeth in temporomandibular
      arthropathies].

PMID- 6597678
TI  - [Microbiological aspects of caries development].

PMID- 6597679
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of nasal sinus infections].

PMID- 6597681
TI  - Dental library update.

PMID- 6597680
TI  - [7 years' experience with implants].

PMID- 6597682
TI  - [Pulmonary edema caused by ammonia inhalation (accident from sterilization of a
      respirator)].

PMID- 6597683
TI  - Ligand self-association at the surface of liposomes: a complication during
      equilibrium-binding studies.
AB  - Daunomycin and carminomycin, two anthracycline antibiotics known to bind
      phospholipid bilayers, appear to self-associate at the surface of liposomes at
      high bound drug/lipid ratios (r). Fluorescence intensity, lifetime, and
      anisotropy measurements have been used to monitor the equilibrium binding of
      these drugs to small unilamellar solid-phase dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
      vesicles. Association of an anthracycline with excess liposome (low r) resulted
      in an increase in both the observed intensity and the fluorescence lifetime. At
      low vesicle concentrations (high r), a decrease in the total emission intensity
      was observed which was not paralleled by the excited-state lifetime. The data
      from these experiments are consistent with the formation of nonfluorescent
      anthracycline complexes at the surface of liposomes. Such ligand self-association
      is a potential complication in any studies on the interaction of amphipathic
      molecules with liposomes conducted at high r values. Because ligand self
      association limits the collection of binding data over certain concentration
      ranges, this consequently results in greater uncertainty in the determination of
      the maximum value of r (n) in equilibrium binding studies.

PMID- 6597685
TI  - The effect of nitrous oxide and age on psychological and psychomotor performance.
AB  - Healthy older and younger males were compared on several psychomotor and
      cognitive measures before, during, and after N(2)O inhalation. Age did not appear
      to be a significant factor in determining response to N(2)O though on several
      measures younger subjects are superior to older under all conditions. N(2)O had a
      significant effect only on reaction time and facial recognition tasks. The
      relation of these findings to previous work is discussed.

PMID- 6597684
TI  - Nitrous oxide and oral premedication.
AB  - Patients frequently require conscious-sedation to achieve anxiety relief in the
      dental office. There are specific indications, contraindications, advantages, and
      disadvantages to each sedation modality. Selection of the appropriate anesthetic
      technique should be individualized for each patient. This paper reviews two
      important conscious-sedation modalities: oral premedication and nitrous
      oxide/oxygen inhalation sedation.Pertinent drugs are reviewed and recommendations
      are made for their use; current researches are presented and new areas for
      investigation are suggested.

PMID- 6597686
TI  - Analgesic action of intravenous diazepam.
AB  - Intravenous diazepam is commonly used in clinical dentistry to produce sedation
      for dental procedures. Its chief benefit seems to derive from its sedative and
      amnesic properties. The literature contains conflicting reports about the direct
      analgesic effects of the drug. In the present study, we observed significant
      increases for conventional pain threshold measures in response to electric tooth
      pulp stimulation and decreased sensitivity to a fixed painful stimulus when
      diazepam was administered intravenously using clinical criteria for conscious
      sedative dosages. The data support the possibility that intravenously
      administered diazepam in conscious sedative doses may have some analgesic action
      in addition to its better documented sedative and amnesic properties.

PMID- 6597687
TI  - The prophylactic use of flurbiprofen to prevent post-extraction dental pain.
AB  - This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of flurbiprofen when
      compared to aspirin and placebo. The study medications were administered 30
      minutes preoperatively and at fixed intervals four and eight hours later in 107
      patients undergoing surgical removal of third molars using a randomized, double
      blind design. The treatment consisted of flurbiprofen 25mg, flurbiprofen 50mg,
      aspirin 650mg, and placebo. Flurbiprofen was significantly more effective than
      aspirin and placebo with respect to pain severity scores and patient evaluation
      of the pretreatment dose. Aspirin was significantly more effective than placebo.
      There were no differences between the two doses of flurbiprofen. Side effects
      were minor and not significantly different among the groups.

PMID- 6597688
TI  - Comparison of conorphone, a mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic, to codeine for
      postoperative dental pain.
AB  - The analgesic efficacy of two doses of conorphone (20 and 40 mg), a mixed agonist
      antagonist analgesic, were compared to two doses of codeine for postoperative
      pain in the oral surgery model. Each subject received 2 of the 4 possible
      treatment at two separate sessions in an incomplete block, single crossover
      design. Both doses of conorphone and the 60 mg dose of codeine were superior to
      30 mg of codeine for the various indices of analgesic activity. The 40 mg dose of
      conorphone resulted in a high incidence of side effects (25/30 subjects) such as
      drowsiness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. The low dose of conorphone resulted
      in side effects similar to 60 mg of codeine with the exception of a greater
      incidence of drowsiness. These data suggest that while 40 mg of conorphone may
      not be well tolerated clinically, 20 mg of conorphone may be an alternative to 60
      mg of codeine for postoperative pain.

PMID- 6597689
TI  - Conscious sedation administered daily for 25 days in a 3 year old child.

PMID- 6597691
TI  - Time course following nitrous oxide administration.

PMID- 6597690
TI  - The missed inferior alveolar block: a new look at an old problem.
AB  - A variation of a previously described technique to obtain mandibular block
      anesthesia is presented. This technique varies from those previously described in
      that is uses palpable anatomic landmarks, both extra- and intraoral, to orient
      the placement of the needle. This technique relies on several readily observed
      landmarks and the integration of these landmarks. Because palpable landmarks are
      used, consistent results can be easily obtained even in patients who present with
      a wide variety of anatomical variances which otherwise make this injection
      technique difficult and prone to failure.

PMID- 6597692
TI  - Radiologic techniques used to evaluate the temporomandibular joint; II. Computed
      tomography, three-dimensional imaging and nuclear magnetic resonance.

PMID- 6597694
TI  - What is general anesthesia?

PMID- 6597695
TI  - [Initial osteoarticular manifestations in leukosis: problems of differential
      diagnosis].

PMID- 6597693
TI  - Masseter contracture and tachycardia causing termination of anesthesia.
AB  - A careful preoperative history can be helpful in detecting problems with previous
      anesthetic experiences. However, it has been found that in the patients who have
      developed a complete syndrome of malignant hyperthermia (MH), 30% had prior
      uneventful general anesthesia. It is therefore of extreme importance when
      delivering anesthesia to recognize the signs of MH early in order to initiate
      correct procedures to prevent the development of a fulminating crisis of MH.

PMID- 6597696
TI  - Problems of linguistic insecurity in multicultural speech contexts.

PMID- 6597697
TI  - The reading of content and noncontent words by dyslexics.

PMID- 6597698
TI  - Timing analysis of coding and articulation processes in dyslexia.
AB  - Several investigators have found that the time required to perform serial naming
      tasks is a good predictor of dyslexia in children. Protracted overall time
      scores, such as are reported for the Rapid Automatized Naming (RAN) test of
      Denckla and Rudel, are, by themselves, insufficient to determine the extent to
      which the performance deficit is cognitive in nature, or is the articulatory
      consequence of an inability master the quickly changing acoustic formant patterns
      associated with consonants, as proposed by Tallal. We administered the RAN test
      to matched groups of dyslexic and normal control children, aged 8 to 11 years.
      Measurement of speech signal durations was performed by computer. We applied the
      Gould and Boies algorithm for extracting cognitive preparation time to these
      data, resulting in a partition of overall RAN test score into coding time and
      articulation time components. Differential performances between the groups on RAN
      subtests were examined for effects of postvocalic consonants and semantic load.
      It was found that both vocalization time and pause time means were significantly
      longer for the dyslexics on each of the four RAN subtests: objects, colors,
      numbers, letters. The Gould and Boies analysis showed very little preparation
      time during speech in both groups, attributing virtually all coding time to
      pauses, although reanalysis suggested somewhat less. Increased vowel length among
      the dyslexics occurred on all subtests, but was not maximized on subtests with
      more numerous postvocalic consonants. Vowel time differences between groups
      accounted for nearly all of the differences in vocalization time. Profiles were
      constructed on speech measures which, for each subtest, correctly identified each
      subject with his group. On the letters subtest it was found that vowel duration
      alone achieved a perfect discrimination between the dyslexic and control
      subjects.

PMID- 6597699
TI  - Comparisons among EEG, hair minerals and diet predictions of reading performance
      in children.

PMID- 6597700
TI  - The impact of phonemic processing instruction on the reading achievement of
      reading-disabled children.
AB  - It is hypothesized that a phonemic processing deficit is a primary causal factor
      in the reading problems of many children with developmental dyslexia. An
      instructional model which emphasizes phonics instruction as a key in the
      treatment of children with reading disorders is presented. Procedures for the
      application of this model in a parent-involvement clinic program are described.
      Results from two typical children from the clinic sample who had received
      treatment for more than a year are presented. One Fourth-Grade child, who began
      the program with a 1 1/2-year reading deficit, was reading grade-appropriate
      material and scoring about 1 year above grade-norms on a standardized test after
      14 months of clinic treatment. The second child began the treatment program as a
      Sixth Grader who was virtually a non-reader. After 1 1/2 years of intervention,
      this child had attained a Third-Grade reading level, but was still nearly 4 years
      behind in reading. The pretest error responses to individual words made by both
      children are reviewed to demonstrate the underlying phonetic deficiency--an
      apparent difficulty with vowel sound correspondence. Averaged reading achievement
      results from 13 children who had received 3 months of instruction in an
      experimental study in which the instructional model is being used are presented.
      Results indicate a dramatic change in the children's rate of reading achievement
      during treatment. The children were divided into three groups on the basis of a
      measure of the transfer of phonic skills: normal transfer, poor transfer which
      improved dramatically in the first 3 months of treatment, and poor transfer which
      failed to improve. Analysis of the achievement data of these three groups
      indicates that the second group improved more rapidly than did the other two
      groups. It is suggested that further analyses of phonic transfer data may prove
      to be very instructive concerning the causes and treatment of developmental
      dyslexia.

PMID- 6597701
TI  - Some erythrocyte polymorphisms in Bari and its district (South Italy).
AB  - Seven erythrocyte polymorphisms, namely AcP, PGM1, PGM2, EsD, GLO I, G-6-PD and
      Hb, have been typed in 556 unrelated adult male subjects from Bari (South Italy)
      and its district. The gene frequencies obtained in this sample are compared with
      the hitherto reported corresponding data from other Italian population samples.
      The results are critically discussed.

PMID- 6597703
TI  - The use of extended wear contact lenses in aphakia.
AB  - Guidelines for the selection and fitting of extended wear contact lenses in
      aphakia are presented. Important points in the management and the visual results
      of patients with these lenses are discussed.

PMID- 6597702
TI  - Dislocation of an artificial knee component due to extraordinary function.
AB  - A rare complication, namely dislocation of a knee component without fracture of
      the prosthesis and not caused by a trauma, is described in a patient who was
      treated for osteosarcoma of the femur. Probably the dislocation, which occurred 2
      years postoperatively, was caused by an extraordinary function of this
      prosthesis. A partial revision of the prosthesis was performed. The newly
      designed knee component, which prevents dislocation, is described.

PMID- 6597704
TI  - Vitamin C, desferrioxamine and iron loading anemias.

PMID- 6597705
TI  - Serum pancreatic isoamylase estimation by the inhibitor method as a diagnostic
      test for chronic pancreatitis.
AB  - The diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis is often difficult to establish and may
      involve invasive diagnostic procedures. Serum pancreatic isoamylase has been
      estimated by the inhibitor method in controls and in 38 patients with known
      chronic pancreatitis in order to evaluate its use as a diagnostic test. The mean
      pancreatic isoamylase in those with chronic pancreatitis (68 +/- 77 IU/l) was
      significantly lower (p less than 0.005) than in controls (113 +/- 60 IU/l). The
      diagnostic sensitivity of pancreatic isoamylase was 50% (compared to total
      amylase 9%) and had a specificity of 95%. Stimulation tests with cholecystokinin
      and secretin failed to increase the sensitivity of the test. A low value of
      pancreatic isoamylase strongly supports a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and
      may obviate the need for further investigation.

PMID- 6597706
TI  - Clostridium difficile colitis.
AB  - We reviewed all rectal biopsies performed on patients with proven C. difficile
      infection between 1977 and 1982 (36 patients). All patients were symptomatic and
      all had received antibiotic treatment recently, the commonest antibiotic
      treatment being ampicillin or amoxycillin. There was poor correlation between the
      histological appearances and the severity of symptoms. A range of histological
      appearances was observed: normal (8%), congestion and edema (8%), nonspecific
      colitis (3%), infective colitis (28%) and pseudomembranous colitis (53%) (PMC).
      Most cases of PMC showed 'early' features, involving predominantly the surface
      epithelium, where attenuation and inflammation, intraepithelial microabscesses,
      and small eruptive lesions were seen. Recognition of these features, in the
      context of an acute infective-type colitis, may lead to early diagnosis of C.
      difficile colitis.

PMID- 6597707
TI  - Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for pyoderma gangrenosum.
AB  - Hyperbaric oxygen administered systemically has been advocated in the treatment
      of pyoderma gangrenosum. Owing to the serious potential risks of oxygen toxicity
      with systemic administration, we have devised a simplified technique for the
      administration of hyperbaric oxygen topically, and have used this method
      successfully to treat two patients with pyoderma gangrenosum, in whom the
      underlying etiology was not apparent, and specific therapy, therefore, not
      possible. The abundant formation of granulation tissue and the ability of the
      hyperbaric oxygen to arrest further extension of the ulceration suggests that
      this form of therapy might become the treatment of choice for all ulcers of the
      pyoderma gangrenosum type.

PMID- 6597708
TI  - Lidocaine and the reduction of post-venographic pain.
AB  - Venography remains the standard method for the diagnosis of deep venous
      thrombosis but it is invasive and frequently causes discomfort. A randomised
      double-blind study was performed to determine the efficacy of lidocaine in
      reducing pain and discomfort associated with venography. Sixty patients
      undergoing ascending venography received 40 mg of lidocaine (2 ml of 2% lidocaine
      mixed with 50 ml of contrast medium) in one leg and saline in the other.
      Assessment of pain was by a standard questionnaire administered by an
      investigator unaware of the sequence of administration of lidocaine or saline
      placebo. Twenty-four patients reported no difference in pain or discomfort
      between the two limbs. Of the 36 patients experiencing an overall difference in
      pain between the two legs, 12 reported more pain in the leg receiving lidocaine
      and 24 reported more pain in the leg receiving saline (p = 0.023). There were no
      significant side effects attributable to lidocaine. These results indicate that
      lidocaine is beneficial in reducing pain and discomfort associated with
      venography.

PMID- 6597709
TI  - Asbestosis and cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis: a radiological and functional
      comparison.
AB  - This study compares the relationship between lung function and radiological
      abnormality in 46 subjects with asbestosis and 38 subjects with cryptogenic
      fibrosing alveolitis. Radiographs were graded separately by two observers
      according to the 1980 International Labour Organisation criteria for
      classification of the pneumoconioses. The correlation between the transfer factor
      of the lungs and the radiographic profusion of small parenchymal opacities was
      found to be greater in subjects with asbestosis than in subjects with cryptogenic
      fibrosing alveolitis. At any level of radiological profusion transfer factor was
      higher in cases with asbestosis than in cases with fibrosing alveolitis. As
      pleural thickening is seen commonly in asbestosis and may influence lung volumes
      and the ratio of transfer factor to effective alveolar volume, the results of
      these measurements were compared only in the cases showing absent or minimal
      pleural thickening. Both of these variables were higher in the subjects with
      asbestosis. The results indicate that despite pathological, functional and
      radiographic similarities, lung function for a given degree of radiographic
      parenchymal abnormality is better in subjects with asbestosis than in subjects
      with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, and that changes in the plain chest x-ray
      appearances in asbestosis correlate more closely with the results of lung
      function tests.

PMID- 6597710
TI  - Respiratory symptoms in Tasmanian adolescents: a follow up of the 1961 birth
      cohort.
AB  - The 1961 birth cohort of Tasmanians (n = 8410) was initially surveyed in 1968 and
      was followed up in 1974 for the history and presence of respiratory symptoms and
      signs. The study was designed to describe and compare the natural histories of
      wheeze and productive cough. In 1981 a 10% stratified random sample of the
      original cohort was again followed up and this sample's responses were compared
      across the three surveys. Wheezing was found to be more persistent than
      productive cough. Wheezers were twice as likely as coughers to persist with their
      symptoms to the age of 20. These persistent wheezers represented 3.6% of the
      cohort available for follow-up in 1974 (n = 7132). Wheezing was also invariably
      associated with decreased spirometric performance, particularly FEV at 0.5 s and
      FEF 25-75. The new wheezers first detected in 1974 had had significantly
      decreased spirometry measurements in 1968 compared to those of their coughing or
      symptom-free peers. An early history of cough was associated with triple the
      incidence of wheeze in previously asymptomatic children. Hayfever and eczema were
      associated with persistence of wheeze. A child with either of these diagnoses was
      four times as likely to persist in wheezing to the age of twenty than a wheezer
      without atopic complaint. No significant associations could be demonstrated
      between wheezing and smoking.

PMID- 6597711
TI  - Articular chondrocalcinosis in a hospital population: an Australian experience.
AB  - A group of hospital patients aged 55 years or over (53 men, 74 women) were
      screened for articular chondrocalcinosis (ACC) with high-resolution radiographs
      of knees, wrists, hand and pelvis. Two men (4%) aged 79 and 86 years had ACC
      involving knees, wrists and symphysis pubis. Both had clinical joint disease and
      radiological osteoarthritis (OA). Eighteen women (24%) had ACC with sites
      affected including the knees (89%), wrists (39%) and symphysis pubis (44%).
      Metabolic screening did not reveal any predisposing factors in patients with ACC.
      Symptoms and signs of joint disease were not significantly more common in women
      with ACC compared to those without ACC, and 44% of those with knee calcification
      were clinically asymptomatic and had no evidence of OA radiologically. However,
      the presence of knee ACC significantly increased the risk for OA in the same knee
      by a factor of three-to-four while knee calcification was associated with the
      more severe grades of radiographic OA.

PMID- 6597712
TI  - Iron overload associated with congenital pyruvate kinase deficiency and high dose
      ascorbic acid ingestion.
AB  - Iron overload is an uncommon complication of untransfused chronic hemolytic
      anemias. This paper describes only the fourth reported case of erythrocyte
      pyruvate kinase deficiency and iron overload. Important aspects of this case are
      the presence of the HLA genotype commonly associated with genetic (idiopathic)
      hemochromatosis and a history of ingestion of large doses of ascorbic acid. Their
      roles in the development of iron loading and toxicity are discussed. A beneficial
      response to treatment with desferrioxamine was observed before significant iron
      removal. A mechanism for this action of desferrioxamine is proposed.

PMID- 6597713
TI  - Cholestyramine induced hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis.
AB  - The first reported case, in an adult, of cholestyramine induced hyperchloremic
      metabolic acidosis is a 70 year old female with a two year history of primary
      biliary cirrhosis confirmed by histologic and immunologic criteria. After taking
      cholestyramine II sachets twice daily for two months she presented with lethargy,
      confusion and drowsiness. Examination revealed confusion, jaundice, signs of
      chronic liver disease, portal hypertension and hepatic encephalopathy. Laboratory
      investigations confirmed a metabolic acidosis (pH 7.15) and hyperchloremia.
      Multiple cultures failed to reveal sepsis and a urinary pH of 4.85 together with
      tests of renal acidification, excluded renal tubular acidosis. She received 600
      mEq of sodium bicarbonate intravenously over 36 hours by which time her
      mentation, electrolytes and pH were normal. It is presumed that her
      hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis was secondary to cholestyramine because of the
      similarity to pediatric reports; the rapid and lasting response to intravenous
      sodium bicarbonate; the absence of another etiology; normal serum potassium,
      chloride and bicarbonate despite continued spironolactone therapy after recovery.

PMID- 6597714
TI  - McArdle's disease presenting with rhabdomyolysis.
AB  - A patient with McArdle's disease is described who presented with rhabdomyolysis
      following severe exertion. An episode of acute renal failure four years earlier
      was probably secondary to a combination of myoglobinuria and an intravenous
      contrast agent.

PMID- 6597715
TI  - Burning feet complicating cardio-pulmonary bypass.

PMID- 6597716
TI  - Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with Campylobacter infection.

PMID- 6597718
TI  - Euthanasia.

PMID- 6597717
TI  - Euthanasia--old issue: new debate.

PMID- 6597719
TI  - Sister chromatid exchange frequency and cell cycle kinetics in cancer patients
      treated with cytostatic drugs.
AB  - The ability of various cytostatic drugs to induce sister chromatid exchanges
      (SCE) and to alter the progression of cells through mitosis was analyzed in
      lymphocytes cultured from cancer patients following various in vivo chemotherapy
      treatments. Control individuals exhibited 4.87 +/- 0.08 SCEs per metaphase.
      Patients being treated with cyclophosphamide (CP), mitomycin C (MMC), and/or
      cisplatinum (CPT) in combination with other drugs exhibited 3- to 5-fold greater
      levels of SCEs. Other cytostatic drugs: the plant alkaloids; vincristine (VCR);
      and homoharringtonine (HHT); the antibiotic, adriamycin (ADM); the folic acid
      antagonist, methotrexate (MTX); and the nucleotide analogue, dihydroazacytidine
      (HAC) did not appear to induce SCE levels significantly above controls. Most of
      the cytostatic drugs used in cancer patients appeared to delay the progression of
      cells through mitosis. All the drug protocols which included a known DNA-damaging
      agent induced SCE. There was no relationship between SCE and cell cycle kinetics.
      Thus, SCE appears to be a sensitive assay for monitoring the in vivo exposure of
      individuals to genotoxic agents.

PMID- 6597720
TI  - Human platelet phenol sulfotransferase: familial variation in thermal stability
      of the TS form.
AB  - Phenol sulfotransferase (PST) catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of catechol and
      phenolic drugs and xenobiotic compounds. Platelets and other tissues contain at
      least two forms of PST, forms that have been designated the "TL" and the "TS"
      forms. We measured the thermal stability of platelet TS PST in blood samples from
      218 randomly selected unrelated subjects by heating platelet homogenates at 44
      degrees C for 15 min. Thermal stability was expressed as the ratio of the enzyme
      activity remaining after preincubation to that in an unheated sample, a
      heated/control (H/C) ratio. The frequency distribution of H/C ratios for this
      population sample was bimodal, with a nadir at an H/C ratio of 0.33. Of the 218
      subjects studied, 29 (13.3%) had thermolabile TS PST (H/C less than 0.33).
      Platelet samples were then obtained from subjects with thermolabile and
      thermostable TS platelet PST. PST activity in these platelet samples had similar
      apparent Km constants for substrates. IC50 values for inhibition of TS PST by 2,6
      dichloro-4-nitrophenol in these samples were also nearly identical. The results
      of experiments in which platelet homogenates from subjects with thermolabile and
      thermostable TS PST were mixed and the results of experiments in which platelet
      homogenates were subjected to gel filtration chromatography were compatible with
      the conclusion that individual differences in TS PST thermal stability were
      properties of PST itself. Finally, there was a significant familial aggregation
      of the trait of thermolabile TS PST when H/C ratios were measured in platelet
      homogenates from 231 members of 49 randomly selected families.

PMID- 6597721
TI  - [The effect of indomethacin and carprofen on gastric prostaglandin biosynthesis].
AB  - The effect of indometacin (3 X 50 mg daily), carprofen (Imadyl) (2 X 150 mg
      daily) and placebo (3 X daily) on gastric juice secretion, acidity, prostanoid
      concentration (PGE2, PGF2 alpha and TXB2) and excretion of the major urinary
      metabolite of PGF (PGF-MUM) were investigated in a single-blind cross-over study
      in nine healthy volunteers after 3-day treatment periods separated by one-week
      washout periods between treatments. Indometacin proved to be a classical
      cyclooxygenase inhibitor (strong inhibition of PGE2 and TXB2 before and after
      pentagastrin stimulation and of PGF-MUM) while carprofen was an atypical
      inhibitor (weak inhibition of PGE2 before pentagastrin stimulation and no
      inhibition after, strong inhibition of TXB2 but without influence on PGF-MUM).
      The weak inhibition of PGE2-biosynthesis by carprofen might be related to its low
      incidence of gastric side effects.

PMID- 6597722
TI  - Unido's ICGEB: a case of petty politics prevailing over scientific peer-reviews.

PMID- 6597723
TI  - New approaches to cavity design with special reference to the class II lesion.

PMID- 6597724
TI  - The development of improved amalgam alloys.

PMID- 6597725
TI  - Alternatives to amalgam alloys: 2.

PMID- 6597726
TI  - A survey of inorganic and polyelectrolyte cements.

PMID- 6597727
TI  - Simultaneous study of platelets and phagocytes in myeloproliferative disorders.
AB  - In order to determine the relationship between the anomalies affecting two types
      of blood cell in myeloproliferative disorders (MPD), a functional study was
      performed in individuals presenting with such diseases. Thus, platelet function
      was investigated by means of Ivy's method for bleeding time, platelet retention
      to glass beads, aggregation with epinephrine and density distribution on a
      discontinuous sucrose gradient. Simultaneously, three granulocyte functions, i.e.
      capillary tube random migration, particle ingestion activity and nitroblue
      tetrazolium dye reduction were studied. This investigation was carried out in 47
      patients presenting with chronic myeloproliferative disorders (MPD): chronic
      granulocytic leukemia (18 cases), polycythemia vera (18 cases), myelofibrosis (6
      cases) and essential thrombocythemia (5 cases). The results of the present study
      indicate that functional abnormalities are more frequent and more strongly marked
      in platelets than in phagocytes. The tests most affected were platelet density
      distribution and granulocytic random migration. Simultaneous assessment of
      platelet and phagocytic functions, though insufficient in itself to determine the
      type of MPD or to appraise the prognosis of the disease, could be useful in the
      diagnosis of some atypical cases of myeloproliferative disorders.

PMID- 6597728
TI  - Release of vasopressin by electrical stimulation of the intermediate portion of
      the nucleus of the tractus solitarius in rats with cervical spinal cordotomy and
      vagotomy.
AB  - The cervical spinal cord and vagi were severed in anesthetized and artificially
      ventilated rats. Monopolar electrical stimulation of the intermediate portion of
      the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS) resulted in subtle increases in
      concentration of plasma vasopressin (pVP) and in arterial pressure. We suggest
      that electrical stimulation of the NTS in rats undergoing such surgical
      preparation to observe the pressor response and/or increase in pVP, represents a
      rapid approach for screening the neurosecretory function of the central neural
      integration to release vasopressin.

PMID- 6597729
TI  - [Fatigue resistance of a chromium-cobalt alloy. Original experimental study].

PMID- 6597730
TI  - [Clinical example of an onlay restoration for the mandibular molars and
      premolars].

PMID- 6597731
TI  - [Stomatitis associated with wearing removable dentures: etiology and treatment].

PMID- 6597732
TI  - Remission continuation therapy for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
      Preliminary results with a multidrug treatment protocol.
AB  - Twenty-four adolescent and adult patients with newly diagnosed acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated with the multidrug therapeutic program
      called IGG-74(9). Seventeen patients (71%) obtained a complete remission (CR)
      after induction therapy. They subsequently underwent a consolidation course with
      cytosine arabinoside and a seven drug maintenance regimen, lasting three years,
      with cyclophosphamide, 6 mercaptopurine, methotrexate, BCNU, adriamycin,
      vincristine and prednisone. The remission continuation treatment was well
      tolerated and produced an actuarial three-year disease-free survival rate of 57%
      and an overall median survival of 19 months. The efficacy of multidrug programs
      for the prevention of relapse in adults with ALL is discussed.

PMID- 6597733
TI  - Improvement of bioavailability of poorly intestinally absorbed drugs from medium
      chain glyceride base. Enhancement of the rectal absorption of cefmetazole sodium
      in rabbits.

PMID- 6597734
TI  - New type inducers of differentiation of human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells.
      Terephthalic anilides.

PMID- 6597736
TI  - [Is it possible for aphakic patients to wear permanent lenses in the early
      postoperative period?].

PMID- 6597735
TI  - Improving the aqueous stability of prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin A2 by
      inclusion complexation with methylated-beta-cyclodextrins.

PMID- 6597737
TI  - Corrosion and tarnish of aluminum bronze.

PMID- 6597738
TI  - Physical properties and color analysis of dental porcelain.

PMID- 6597739
TI  - Computer simulation of cyclic creep.

PMID- 6597740
TI  - Characterization of low and high copper amalgam alloys and the effect of mixing
      time on their physical properties.

PMID- 6597742
TI  - Change in physical properties of tannin fluoride-containing luting cements
      following immersion in water up to 12 months.

PMID- 6597741
TI  - Ordering process and age-hardening mechanism of CuPd-AuCu pseudo-binary alloys.

PMID- 6597743
TI  - Erosion process of a glass ionomer cement in organic acids.

PMID- 6597744
TI  - Fatigue properties of Ni-43.5%Ti superelastic alloy castings.

PMID- 6597745
TI  - Isothermal age-hardening behaviour in commercial dental gold alloys containing
      palladium.

PMID- 6597746
TI  - Synthesis and physical properties of polyfunctional methacrylates (part 4).
      Synthesis and physical properties of aromatic dimethacrylate copolymers.

PMID- 6597747
TI  - Study on antibacterial root canal sealer containing chlorhexidine
      dihydrochloride. II. Investigation of antibacterial activity and follow-up study
      on clinical usage.

PMID- 6597748
TI  - Numerical analysis of thermal stress and shrinkage of wax patterns. III. Effects
      of physical properties and cooling conditions.

PMID- 6597749
TI  - The DNA enzymology of protein machines.

PMID- 6597750
TI  - Recombination at the DNA level.

PMID- 6597751
TI  - Origins of gene conversion and reciprocal exchange in Ascobolus.

PMID- 6597752
TI  - Homologous recombination in mouse L cells.

PMID- 6597753
TI  - The recombination and integration of DNAs introduced into mouse L cells.

PMID- 6597754
TI  - Homologous recombination with DNA introduced into mammalian cells.

PMID- 6597755
TI  - Homologous recombination between defective neo genes in mouse 3T6 cells.

PMID- 6597756
TI  - Homologous recombination between repeated chromosomal sequences in mouse cells.

PMID- 6597758
TI  - Interallelic and intergenic conversion in three serine tRNA genes of
      Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

PMID- 6597757
TI  - Meiotic roles of crossing-over and of gene conversion.

PMID- 6597760
TI  - Biochemical characterization of rec1 mutants and the genetic control of
      recombination in Ustilago maydis.

PMID- 6597759
TI  - Studies of HeLa DNA polymerases during excision-repair in vitro with DNA and
      chromatin substrates.

PMID- 6597761
TI  - Homologous pairing promoted by Ustilago RecI protein.

PMID- 6597762
TI  - Site-specific recombination systems of phages phi 80 and P22: binding sites of
      integration host factor and recombination-induced mutations.

PMID- 6597763
TI  - The bacteriophage P1 site-specific recombinase cin: recombination events and DNA
      recognition sequences.

PMID- 6597764
TI  - In vitro systems for genetic recombination of the DNAs of bacteriophage T7 and
      yeast 2-micron circle.

PMID- 6597765
TI  - Site-specific genetic recombination promoted by the FLP protein of the yeast 2
      micron plasmid in vitro.

PMID- 6597766
TI  - Types of recombination: common problems and common strategies.

PMID- 6597767
TI  - [Effect of occlusal changes after preparation in the support area].

PMID- 6597768
TI  - [Effects and reliability assessment of prosthesis planning measures for the
      partially edentulous mouth].

PMID- 6597769
TI  - [Efficacy of 2 ultrasonic denture cleaning systems intended for patient use].

PMID- 6597770
TI  - [Problems with the alternate-immersion test for the tarnish resistance of
      precious metal alloys].

PMID- 6597771
TI  - [Comparative research on mechanically and electronically recorded mandibular
      movement in relation to joint topography].

PMID- 6597773
TI  - [A new procedure for the manual reduction of the dislocated temporomandibular
      joint].

PMID- 6597772
TI  - [Biofeedback--an alternative in the treatment of myoarthropathy?].

PMID- 6597774
TI  - [Temperature changes at the periodontal ligament during extraoral preparation of
      molars for replantation].

PMID- 6597775
TI  - [Movement of the condyles and the mandibular incisal point in tooth-guided
      movement and after increasing the interocclusal space].

PMID- 6597776
TI  - Heterogeneity in the response to vasoconstrictors of isolated dog proximal and
      distal middle cerebral arteries.
AB  - Responses to vasoconstrictor agents were compared in helical strips of proximal
      and distal middle cerebral arteries isolated from the same dogs. Contractions
      induced by 30 mM K+ per cross-sectional areas in the large and small artery
      strips did not differ significantly so that contractions induced by the agents
      could be compared relative to those induced by K+. The contractions induced by
      serotonin were greater in the proximal than in the distal arteries. Histamine
      produced a greater contraction in the proximal arteries under resting conditions.
      Distal arteries partially precontracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha responded to
      histamine with relaxations. The histamine-induced contraction was attenuated by
      chlorpheniramine, whereas the relaxation was suppressed by cimetidine.
      Prostaglandin F2 alpha or carbocyclic thromboxane A2 produced similar magnitudes
      of contractions in the proximal and distal arteries. Thrombin contracted the
      distal arteries to a greater extent. Contractions induced by norepinephrine or
      bradykinin did not differ in the proximal and distal arteries. It may be
      concluded that the ratio of histaminergic H1 and H2 receptor functions decreases
      peripherally along middle cerebral arteries, whereas the contractile response to
      bradykinin was not influenced in these arteries of a relatively short distance.
      The functions of receptor sites for serotonin and thrombin appear to be quite
      different in large and small cerebral arteries of such a short distance, but
      alpha-adrenoceptor functions seem to be identical.

PMID- 6597778
TI  - A winning strategy: the right moves for 1985.

PMID- 6597777
TI  - The biological activities of phthalate esters on rat gastric muscle.
AB  - Monoethylhexyl phthalate, at concentrations that can occur in blood stored in
      plastic bags (0.1-0.5 mg/ml), reduced contractions of rat isolated gastric fundus
      to PGE2 and acetylcholine; the diethyl compound was less effective. In contrast,
      dibutyl phthalate (1 and 10 micrograms/ml) and, to a lesser extent di-isobutyl
      phthalate, increased the muscle tone. These results are discussed in relation to
      blood transfusion, and to structural similarities between phthalates and
      prostaglandins.

PMID- 6597779
TI  - Planning leads to profitability.

PMID- 6597780
TI  - [15 years experience in treating chronic myeloleukemia patients at a polyclinic].

PMID- 6597781
TI  - [Characteristics of granulopoiesis in patients in the progressive stage of
      chronic myeloleukemia].

PMID- 6597782
TI  - Genetic relationships between inbred strains of rats. An analysis based on
      genetic markers at 28 biochemical loci.

PMID- 6597783
TI  - Genetic differences between two substrains of the inbred 101 mouse strain.

PMID- 6597784
TI  - Constitutive and inducible expression of Ia antigens.

PMID- 6597785
TI  - [Hygiene and prophylaxis of complete dentures in the aged].

PMID- 6597786
TI  - [The sagittal position of a posterior determinant of the occlusal plane: the
      mesio-palatal apex of the 1st maxillary molar].

PMID- 6597787
TI  - [Systematic use of a mirror in therapeutic dental relations].

PMID- 6597789
TI  - [Preliminary medical survey: long or short form?].

PMID- 6597788
TI  - [Current data on the enamel cuticle].

PMID- 6597791
TI  - [Rational concepts for radiation protection].

PMID- 6597790
TI  - [Importance of the psychosocial dimension in the matter of oro-dental
      prevention].

PMID- 6597792
TI  - [Comparative effect of various psychotropic agents on salivation. Study of the
      efficacy of current sialagogues].

PMID- 6597793
TI  - [Retention of deciduous tooth root fragments as a source of periodontopathies].

PMID- 6597794
TI  - [Magnesium content of cementum and dentin of healthy teeth and teeth affected
      with periodontolysis].

PMID- 6597795
TI  - [Polishing of non-precious alloys. Study of the IDEF Micro-Metal method].

PMID- 6597796
TI  - ["Canal Finder" a new mechanized technic for endodontic procedures].

PMID- 6597797
TI  - [Prevention of dental caries after radiotherapy: fluoridated dental gel or
      toothpaste with high fluoride content: a controlled therapeutic trial].

PMID- 6597798
TI  - [What is your diagnosis? Epidermoid cyst].

PMID- 6597799
TI  - [Phonation, phonetics and the consequences of complete edentulousness on voice
      production].

PMID- 6597800
TI  - [A new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent in periodontology, oxametacine (a
      study of 85 cases)].

PMID- 6597801
TI  - [Etiology of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6597802
TI  - [Periodontal indices].

PMID- 6597803
TI  - [Current data in immunology. Defense systems at the level of the dento-gingival
      sulcus].

PMID- 6597804
TI  - [The current status of knowledge and therapy in periodontology. The treatment
      plan].

PMID- 6597805
TI  - [Radiographic examination in periodontology].

PMID- 6597806
TI  - [Splinting: significance--indications--limits].

PMID- 6597807
TI  - [Orthodontics and periodontal diseases].

PMID- 6597808
TI  - [Local drug therapy in periodontal disease].

PMID- 6597809
TI  - Familial idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis.
AB  - 2 brothers with identical HLA antigens presented an idiopathic membranous
      glomerulonephritis. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of familial
      membranous glomerulonephritis. The fact that both brothers had identical HLA
      antigens suggests a genetic predisposing background.

PMID- 6597810
TI  - Charging people's batteries.

PMID- 6597811
TI  - Facts that every mother should know when choosing an artificial nursing system
      for her child.

PMID- 6597812
TI  - Soft-tissue profile changes concurrent with the orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 6597813
TI  - Autoprediction in rational suggestion therapy.

PMID- 6597814
TI  - Occurrence and co-occurrence of stressful life events in a Chinese context.

PMID- 6597815
TI  - Value of CT scanning in the diagnosis of CNS mycotic involvement: report of 3
      cases.
AB  - Fungal infections of the CNS are becoming an increasingly serious problem in
      immunosuppressed patients. We describe three patients with malignant blood
      disease who in the course of systemic fungal infection presented cerebral
      involvement. The nature, site and extent of the cerebral involvement were defined
      by computed tomography (CT). Further, in one patient it was possible to follow
      the course of the lesion and assess the effectiveness of antimycotic therapy by
      CT because of its noninvasiveness and repeatability.

PMID- 6597816
TI  - Leg discomfort after a tennis game.

PMID- 6597817
TI  - Organization and modulation of nuclear lamina structure.
AB  - The nuclear lamina is a protein meshwork associated with the nucleoplasmic
      surface of the inner nuclear membrane, that is suggested to be important for
      organizing nuclear envelope and interphase chromosome architecture. To
      investigate the structural organization of the lamina, we have analysed rat liver
      nuclear envelopes by various chemical extraction procedures. From these studies,
      we have defined conditions that yield a nuclear envelope subfraction that is both
      highly enriched in the lamina and devoid of pore complexes. This fraction
      contains mostly lamins A, B and C, the three major lamina polypeptides that are
      apparently arranged in a polymeric assembly. Our chemical extraction studies also
      indicate that lamin B has a stronger interaction with nuclear membranes than the
      other two lamins, and support the possibility that lamin B is important for
      attaching the lamina to the inner nuclear membrane. We have examined the
      synthesis and assembly of the lamins during interphase in tissue-culture cells to
      investigate lamina structure by a second approach. We found that all three lamins
      are synthesized at similar rates throughout the cell cycle in synchronized
      Chinese hamster ovary cells, and that their biosynthesis is not temporally
      coupled to DNA replication. Our studies indicate that newly synthesized lamins
      are rapidly assembled into an insoluble lamina structure but that the apparent
      half-time for lamina insertion differs for individual lamins. We have also
      observed that lamin A is synthesized as an apparent precursor molecule that is
      converted to mature lamin A only after integration into the lamina structure. The
      lamina is reversibly depolymerized during cell division, a process that may be
      mediated by enzymic phosphorylation of the lamins. To investigate this
      possibility further, we have analysed charge-altering modifications of the lamins
      on two-dimensional gels, and have found that phosphorylation is the only
      detectable modification of these proteins that occurs specifically during
      mitosis. Furthermore, we have determined that when the lamins are disassembled
      during metaphase, each lamin has approximately 2 moles of associated
      phosphate/mole lamin, a value that is four to sevenfold higher than the average
      interphase level. Considering this information, we discuss a model by which
      depolymerization and reassembly of the lamina can regulate the reversible
      disassembly of the nuclear envelope during mitosis.

PMID- 6597818
TI  - Nuclear proteins that become part of the mitotic apparatus: a role in nuclear
      assembly?
AB  - A structure located at the poles of the mitotic spindle is described, which may
      function as a centre for post-mitotic nuclear assembly. Evidence in support of
      this function is incomplete, but comes from two different kinds of experiments,
      which are reviewed here. First, fluorescence microscopy studies show that mitotic
      chromosomes at telophase or late anaphase are drawn into juxtaposition with this
      polar structure and second, the structure is made up in part of a non-histone
      chromosomal protein that in interphase cells can be detected only in the nucleus.
      Studies of this nuclear-mitotic apparatus protein (NuMA protein) are reported
      here. Monoclonal antibodies specific for the NuMA protein have been used in
      immunofluorescence studies to visualize the prenucleus-like polar structure and
      to identify the NuMA protein by immunoblotting after electrophoretic separation.
      The NuMA protein is a non-histone chromosomal protein of molecular weight 250000
      relative to standard protein molecular weight markers in sodium dodecyl
      sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Experiments are described that
      indicate several difficulties in studying the possible affinity and association
      of NuMA protein with mitotic chromosomes. Metaphase chromosomes isolated by the
      polyamine procedure of Lewis and Laemmli have bound NuMA protein detectable by
      immunofluorescence or by immunoblotting, but measurements made at different
      stages of chromosome purification show that most of the NuMA protein is separated
      from the chromosomes using this purification procedure. Chromosomes purified from
      mixtures of human and Chinese hamster cells (the latter have none of the human
      form of NuMA recognized by a monoclonal antibody) have human NuMA protein bound
      to the hamster chromosomes. Results suggest that in cell extracts exchange
      reactions of NuMA protein can occur, which must be avoided in the study of its
      natural function.

PMID- 6597820
TI  - [Hardness tests of visible light cured resins].

PMID- 6597819
TI  - Blood pressure and blood group markers: association with the MN locus.
AB  - The relationship of blood pressure levels to 12 blood, salivary and serum protein
      polymorphisms is reported for a sample of 4000+ adult Caucasians from Tecumseh,
      Michigan. Males with the MN phenotype had significantly higher unadjusted
      systolic and diastolic blood pressures than those who were homozygous MM or NN.
      When blood pressure was adjusted for age and weight, males who were Duffy (a-)
      had higher diastolic pressures than those who were Duffy (a+), and females who
      were Kidd (b-) had higher diastolic pressures than females who were Kidd (b+). A
      review of studies reporting on MN- blood pressure associations indicates that six
      of the eight presented significant findings. These findings, and others from the
      literature, present evidence that the MN locus (and possibly the Jk locus)
      actively participates in controlling the response to environmental/dietary
      stimuli affecting differences in blood pressure. We suggest that the MN blood
      group be investigated further, particularly vis-a-vis physiological parameters
      known to be related to blood pressure.

PMID- 6597821
TI  - [Antibiotics, tranquilizers and Chinese medicine used in dentistry].

PMID- 6597822
TI  - [Surface-curing system for resin prostheses].

PMID- 6597823
TI  - [Dental services in Aomori prefecture--a discussion].

PMID- 6597824
TI  - [New trends in periodontal management].

PMID- 6597825
TI  - [New concepts of periodontics and dental insurance].

PMID- 6597826
TI  - [Motivating patients to do proper brushing].

PMID- 6597827
TI  - [Malocclusion and prosthetics--response of the periodontal tissue].

PMID- 6597828
TI  - [Nephritis caused by penicillin and other adverse effects of drugs in 1983].

PMID- 6597829
TI  - [Healing of free buccal mucosal grafts positioned in the marginal periodontium in
      rats].

PMID- 6597830
TI  - [Three-dimensional anatomy of osteons in the alveolar cortex].

PMID- 6597831
TI  - [Effect of gum-expanding-mesh on the osteogenesis of surgical bony defects].

PMID- 6597832
TI  - [Epidemiological survey of periodontal disease (3). Comparison between CPITN and
      conventional methods].

PMID- 6597833
TI  - [Evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug "Zomepirac Na" in dental
      surgical pain].

PMID- 6597835
TI  - [Cephalometric radiographs of the natural head position].

PMID- 6597834
TI  - [Clinical and histopathological observation of periodontal disease associated
      with agranulocytosis].

PMID- 6597836
TI  - [Effect of muscle function on the growth and development of the rat mandibular
      condyle].

PMID- 6597837
TI  - [Effect of the attached position and direction of the masseter muscle on the
      stress distribution in the mandible and the occlusal force].

PMID- 6597838
TI  - [An experimental study of orthopedic therapy in skeletal open bite during
      growth].

PMID- 6597839
TI  - [A statistical consideration of Freeman's adjustment of the ANB angle. An
      application of multivariate analysis].

PMID- 6597840
TI  - [Mandibular anterior crowding related to incisor crown dimensions and arch form].

PMID- 6597841
TI  - [Preoperative orthodontic treatment combined with alveolar osteotomy in the
      orthognathic surgery of skeletal Class III malocclusion: report of 3 cases].

PMID- 6597842
TI  - Orthodontic findings in a case of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.

PMID- 6597843
TI  - [A case report of a 1st and 2nd branchial arch syndrome].

PMID- 6597844
TI  - [Comparative studies on cardiomyopathy induced in rabbits by various
      anthracyclines and anthraquinone].

PMID- 6597845
TI  - A clinico-pathologic presentation. Labial bone concavity.

PMID- 6597847
TI  - The dental practice as a small business.

PMID- 6597846
TI  - The Frankel appliance: where, when, how!

PMID- 6597848
TI  - Preventing mercury poisoning in dental practice.

PMID- 6597849
TI  - Stimulation of rheumatoid synovial cell proliferation with multiple soluble
      factors from peripheral mononuclear cells.

PMID- 6597850
TI  - [Serum osmolality and osmolal gap in normal Chinese].

PMID- 6597851
TI  - [Comparison of Visidex and dextrometer with glucose analyzer (Gilford system 203,
      hexokinase method) determination of blood glucose in diabetics].

PMID- 6597852
TI  - [An outbreak of hepatitis A in Lin-Kou, Taipei County in 1982].

PMID- 6597853
TI  - The significance of raised serum IgA in ankylosing spondylitis with IgA
      nephropathy.

PMID- 6597855
TI  - Stump cancer after partial gastrectomy for peptic ulcer.

PMID- 6597854
TI  - A comparative study of the short therapeutic effect of amiodarone and iodine on
      Graves' thyrotoxicosis.

PMID- 6597856
TI  - [Subacute hepatic failure].

PMID- 6597857
TI  - [Computed tomography of fatty liver].

PMID- 6597858
TI  - Auditory brainstem response in normal Chinese newborns.

PMID- 6597859
TI  - [A and B isoantigens in oral cancer and non-cancerous lesions].

PMID- 6597860
TI  - [Multiple impacted and supernumerary teeth--a case report].

PMID- 6597861
TI  - Congenital absence of the right pulmonary artery--a case report.

PMID- 6597862
TI  - HLA antigens in multiple sclerosis in coloured South Africans.
AB  - HLA-A and HLA-B antigens were determined in 24 Coloured patients with multiple
      sclerosis (MS) and HLA-DR antigens in 16 of these patients. There was a trend for
      an increased frequency of HLA-DR2 in the MS group (0.25 greater than P greater
      than 0.1).

PMID- 6597864
TI  - Long-term bone marrow culture. Proceedings of a symposium held at the Kroc
      Foundation, Santa Ynez Valley, California, September 12-16, 1983.

PMID- 6597863
TI  - Ataxia-without-telangiectasia. Progressive multisystem degeneration with IgE
      deficiency and chromosomal instability.
AB  - Three of five siblings developed a progressive neurological disorder during
      infancy or early childhood characterized by cerebellar ataxia, choreoathetosis
      and peripheral neuropathy. Immunological studies revealed a marked selective
      deficiency of serum IgE in all three affected siblings. There was evidence of
      chromosomal instability in the three affected siblings and in one of the parents.
      One of the affected siblings also developed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. In
      spite of many resemblances, this syndrome differs from classical or complete
      ataxia telangiectasia in that oculocutaneous telangiectases were lacking, the
      serum IgA and alpha-fetoprotein levels in this family were normal, there was no
      gonadal dysgenesis, and the cytogenetic findings were atypical.

PMID- 6597866
TI  - Hormonally defined media and long-term marrow culture: general principles.

PMID- 6597865
TI  - Recent modifications of technique in human long-term bone marrow cultures.

PMID- 6597867
TI  - Variable persistence of leukemic progenitor cells in long-term CML and AML marrow
      cultures.

PMID- 6597868
TI  - The differentiation of hematopoietic cells in long-term bone marrow culture.

PMID- 6597869
TI  - Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. A clinical and CT study.
AB  - Six patients developed a pancerebellar syndrome with symptoms preceding the
      diagnosis of neoplasia in five (median - 4 months) and following in one (2
      years). In all patients, the initial cranial computed tomographic (CT) scans were
      normal. Five patients had repeat CTs and of these three were abnormal; cerebellar
      atrophy appearing 7 to 25 months following the initial CT. Median follow-up was
      31 months (range 12-84 months) without evidence of CNS metastatic disease. In
      five of six patients the neurologic impairment did not progress. One patient's
      neurologic signs improved markedly with mantle radiation therapy of her Hodgkin's
      disease. An initially negative CT does not preclude the diagnosis of remote
      effect cerebellar atrophy. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration is a self
      limited nonprogressive process in the majority of patients.

PMID- 6597870
TI  - Pharmacological properties of dopamine receptors in rat submandibular gland
      cells.

PMID- 6597871
TI  - The influence of extra-oral time upon healing after tooth replantation. A
      histological study in rat incisors.

PMID- 6597872
TI  - Effects of sofalcone on necrotizing agents-induced gastric lesions and on
      endogenous prostaglandins in rats stomachs.
AB  - Attempts were made to investigate the effect of 2'-carboxymethoxy-4,4'-bis(3
      methyl-2-butenyloxy) chalcone (sofalcone) on necrotizing agents-induced gastric
      lesions and on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-like activity of the gastric tissue in
      rats. Sofalcone, 100 mg/kg i.p. and 300 mg/kg p.o., markedly suppressed 0.6 N HCl
      or 100% EtOH-induced gastric lesions. Sofalcone, 100 mg/kg i.p., also
      significantly suppressed 0.2N NaOH-induced gastric lesions. Sofalcone suppressed
      0.6 N HCl-induced gastric lesions with both oral and intraperitoneal routes, and
      the effect was particularly marked at 60 min. A dose of 100 mg/kg i.p. showed
      suppression lasting for up to 300 min. 0.6 N HCl-induced gastric lesions were
      significantly aggravated by indomethacin treatment (10 mg/kg s.c.). Oral
      sofalcone (300 mg/kg) significantly suppressed the aggravation of gastric lesions
      by indomethacin given before and after sofalcone, but the i.p. (100 mg/kg) did
      not show significant suppression in the case of pretreatment with indomethacin.
      PGs-like activity in the gastric tissue was increased in both of the fundus and
      the antrum by the administration of sofalcone without any dose-dependency. The
      increase was continuous and lasted for 6 h in the fundus of the stomach.

PMID- 6597873
TI  - Improvement of bioavailability of poorly absorbed drugs. I. Effect of medium
      chain glyceride base on the rectal absorption of cefmetazole sodium in rats.
AB  - The effect of medium chain glyceride on the rectal absorption of cefmetazole
      sodium is investigated using an in situ experiment in rats. Each glyceride
      component of medium chain glyceride was separated using a high-performance liquid
      chromatographic method. The promoting effect of medium chain glyceride was found
      to be mainly due to glycerylmonocaprylate and dependent on the concentration of
      glycerylmonocaprylate. When cefmetazole sodium in medium chain glyceride solution
      was administered into the rectal lumen of rats, rapid absorption of the drug was
      observed leading to a residual amount of about 45% at 15 min after
      administration. The promoting effect of medium chain glyceride was found to be
      more effective in the rectum than in the small intestine.

PMID- 6597874
TI  - The studies on the role of gastric glycoproteins with reference to
      cytoprotection: protective effect of prostaglandin E2 and sofalcone on ethanol
      induced necrosis.
AB  - The gastric cytoprotective action of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and sofalcone was
      studied in rats. The in vitro incorporating activity of 3H-glucosamine into the
      gastric macromolecular glycoproteins was examined when PGE2 (0.1 mg/kg, p.o.) or
      sofalcone (100 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered 5, 15 or 30 min before the oral
      administration of absolute ethanol. The cytoprotective effect of PGE2 against
      gastric mucosal damage was demonstrated 5 min after PGE2 was given orally. The
      cytoprotective effect by sofalcone was seen after 15 min. However, during this
      period, the decrease in gastric macromolecular glycoprotein synthesis induced by
      the ethanol damage could not be restored by pretreatment with PGE2 or sofalcone.
      On the other hand, the reduction in the content of the gastric macromolecular
      glycoproteins by the ethanol damage was found to be prevented to a significant
      extent by pretreatment with PGE2. The same phenomenon was also observed in the
      administration of sofalcone. Accordingly, PGE2 has stimulating effect on the
      gastric glycoproteins biosynthesis, but this effect can not be considered as the
      mechanism responsible for cytoprotection, if indeed a single mechanism exists.
      Thus, it is suggested that the adhesion or maintenance of secreted macromolecular
      glycoproteins to the gastric tissue is closely related to cytoprotection.

PMID- 6597875
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of a cancer antigen, CA 125, associated with ovarian cancer.
      I. Technical investigation and the reference value].

PMID- 6597876
TI  - [Serum CA-125 level in patients with gynecologic tumors].

PMID- 6597877
TI  - [Gallium-67 scintigraphy in malignant melanoma].

PMID- 6597878
TI  - [Application of NMR-CT for malignant bone tumors].

PMID- 6597879
TI  - Antagonistic effect of polyphloretin phosphate and di-4-phloretin phosphate on
      the contractile responses of guinea-pig gastric muscles to prostaglandin E2.
AB  - Polyphloretin phosphate (PPP) and di-4-phloretin phosphate (DPP) were studied for
      their ability to antagonize the contractions produced by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)
      on isolated guinea-pig gastric muscles. PPP (100, 200 and 300 micrograms/ml) and
      DPP (10, 30 60 and 100 micrograms/ml) inhibited reversibly the PGE2-produced
      excitatory effect in longitudinal fundus and corpus muscles but did not influence
      the PGE2-produced inhibitory effect in circular muscle strips. In the presence of
      PPP and DPP the concentration-effect curves for PGE2 were shifted to the right
      parallel to control curves. The antagonistic action of PPP and DPP appeared to be
      a specific one since the compounds had little, if any, effect on the responses to
      histamine, acetylcholine and BaCL2. Analysis of the data (1) showed that DPP is a
      more potent antagonist than PPP against PGE2 on guinea-pig gastric muscle with
      pA2 6,1 and 4,8, respectively.

PMID- 6597880
TI  - Magnetic resonance imaging: preliminary experience in orthopedic radiology.

PMID- 6597881
TI  - [Anesthesia for dental treatment].

PMID- 6597882
TI  - [Oral localization of Crohn disease (I)].

PMID- 6597883
TI  - [Oral localization of Crohn disease (II)].

PMID- 6597884
TI  - [Oral ulcerations may be recurrent or persistent (I)].

PMID- 6597885
TI  - [Oral ulcerations may be recurrent or persistent (II)].

PMID- 6597886
TI  - [The maxillary sinus in dentistry (I)].

PMID- 6597887
TI  - [The maxillary sinus in dentistry (II)].

PMID- 6597888
TI  - [Dental treatment in the elderly].

PMID- 6597889
TI  - [Chronic periodontitis--treatment of vertical alveolysis (I)].

PMID- 6597890
TI  - [Chronic periodontitis--treatment of vertical alveolysis (II)].

PMID- 6597891
TI  - [Hand-mirror cell variant of acute leukemia (case report and a review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 6597892
TI  - [Correlations between prognostic parameters in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in
      children].

PMID- 6597893
TI  - [Scientific research in odontostomatology: current status and prospectives].

PMID- 6597894
TI  - [Resorption of bone tissue in the edentulous alveolar ridge].

PMID- 6597895
TI  - [Evaluation of the contribution of the flexible fiberscope in intratracheal
      intubation in maxillo-facial surgery. Indications and technic].

PMID- 6597896
TI  - [Statistical evaluation of a series of apical dental resections (apicectomies)].

PMID- 6597897
TI  - [Epidemiologic study of the medical staff of a dental clinic and the students in
      a doctoral course in dentistry and dental prosthesis].

PMID- 6597898
TI  - [Epidemiologic study of professional dentists with special reference to the use
      of preventive measures].

PMID- 6597900
TI  - [Oral manifestations caused by Coxsackie virus].

PMID- 6597899
TI  - [Sjogren's syndrome: new aspects of research. I. Clinico-immunologic up-date].

PMID- 6597902
TI  - [Cranio-facial localization of Gardner's syndrome. Clinical case].

PMID- 6597901
TI  - [Statistical study on traumatic lesions of the teeth].

PMID- 6597903
TI  - [Current directions in the histopathology of epulis].

PMID- 6597904
TI  - [Composite odontoma and complex odontoma. Radiologic considerations].

PMID- 6597905
TI  - [Oral manifestations of myeloma].

PMID- 6597906
TI  - [Automatic determination of the exposure time in dental radiology].

PMID- 6597907
TI  - [In vitro toxicity of dental materials used in restorative and prosthetic
      dentistry. II. Alloys, amalgams and their constituent elements].

PMID- 6597908
TI  - [Histologic and histochemical study on the rat gingiva in vivo and in vitro after
      treatment with estrogens].

PMID- 6597909
TI  - [Bifurcation bone defects. Biometric study on human skulls].

PMID- 6597910
TI  - [Basic physical principles of the laser].

PMID- 6597911
TI  - [Anatomo-pathologic features of temporo-mandibular articulation].

PMID- 6597912
TI  - Imaging of canine cancers with 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) suggests
      further applications for cancer imaging in man.
AB  - 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) is a novel radiopharmaceutical that has
      gained much interest as a cancer-seeking agent. In this paper two cases of
      histologically verified canine cancer, an osteosarcoma and a mammary carcinoma,
      are presented. After an intravenous bolus injection of FDG, accumulation of
      radioactivity over the neoplastic lesion was followed with a computer-guided
      specially collimated gamma camera. Ratios of radioactivity between tumour and
      control areas at 30 min were 2.8 and 2.2 for the osteosarcoma and the mammary
      carcinoma, respectively. In the osteosarcoma, which was imaged for 3 h, this
      ratio remained essentially stable. It is reasonable to assume that FDG will be
      suitable for cancer imaging in man.

PMID- 6597913
TI  - [Effect of previous prednisolone therapy on the survival of children with acute
      lymphoid leukemia].

PMID- 6597914
TI  - Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome.

PMID- 6597915
TI  - [Thoughts on the so-called recall system].

PMID- 6597916
TI  - [Radiological diagnosis of neoplastic disorders of the hematopoietic system].

PMID- 6597917
TI  - [Roentgenographic manifestations of opportunistic pulmonary aspergillosis.
      Investigation by inflated fixed lung specimen].

PMID- 6597918
TI  - Study of competitive binding of gallium and iron by tumor cells.
AB  - The influence of iron and gallium carriers on the in vitro and in vivo uptake of
      67Ga and 59Fe by tumor cells has been studied. The results appear to indicate
      that ferritin might be involved in most of the systemic accumulation of 67Ga but
      that the mechanism of tumor uptake might be different.

PMID- 6597920
TI  - [Bone tumors].
AB  - In this paper are briefly reasumed clinical features and diagnostic procedures
      for bone tumors. More closely are examinated osteogenic sarcoma and Ewing's
      sarcoma in childhood and evaluated therapeutical means comparing the achieved
      results. Particularly are detailed therapeutic protocols proposed by the Italian
      National Research Council for the project "Control of neoplastic growth".

PMID- 6597919
TI  - [Prognostic significance of osseous lesions in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in
      children].
AB  - Full skeletal survey was performed on 54 children presenting over a 6-year period
      (1973-1979) with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Findings that were
      considered attributable to leukaemia included metaphyseal bands, osteolytic
      lesions and periosteal reactions. One or more of these roentgenographic findings
      was observed in 24 children (44%). The mean duration of remission and of survival
      was much shorter in cases with multiple bone involvement (3 or more lesions) than
      in those where bone involvement was absent or limitated at 1 or 2 bone lesions.

PMID- 6597921
TI  - [Dentistry and traditional medicine in Senegal].

PMID- 6597922
TI  - Chronologic enamel hypoplasia.

PMID- 6597923
TI  - The transmigration of the lower mandibular canine.

PMID- 6597924
TI  - The postponementary replantation of teeth.

PMID- 6597925
TI  - Management of ectodermal dysplasia hypohydrotic type.

PMID- 6597926
TI  - The prevalence and distribution of dental caries and gingivitis in 6-year-old
      children attending free-government schools in Ibadan, Nigeria.

PMID- 6597927
TI  - Caries experience and increment in a cohort of Malaysian schoolchildren of
      different racial origin.

PMID- 6597928
TI  - Rampant caries in Sri Lankan children. A pilot study.

PMID- 6597929
TI  - [Survey of traditional pharmacopoeias in Senegal].

PMID- 6597930
TI  - Diabetes mellitus presenting as chronic periodontitis. A case book.

PMID- 6597931
TI  - Fluoride in tea. A preliminary study to estimate the quantity of fluoride intake
      through tea drinking.

PMID- 6597932
TI  - [Survey of oro-dental health in lower Zaire].

PMID- 6597933
TI  - Dental health awareness among Nigerian mothers.

PMID- 6597934
TI  - Involvement of school teachers and MCH-aides in establishing oral health care
      programmes in Tanzania.

PMID- 6597935
TI  - Teachers as dental health educators.

PMID- 6597936
TI  - Indigenous dental practitioners in Western/Nyanza provinces of Kenya.

PMID- 6597937
TI  - [Hormone-like tissue factors transforming cell growth].

PMID- 6597938
TI  - [Patients with acute respiratory insufficiency].

PMID- 6597940
TI  - [Tetanus: what is it?].

PMID- 6597941
TI  - [U.P.A./A.P.C.M. protocol for applications for continuing education in the
      industrial arts].

PMID- 6597939
TI  - The effect of acute and chronic administration of desmethylimipramine on
      responses to stress in rats.
AB  - Rats were given single or repeated injection of desmethylimipramine (DMI) and
      subjected to a single session of restraint or footshock stress. The degree of
      anorexia and plasma corticosterone elevation in response to the stress was
      measured. Repeated but not single injection of DMI was found to reduce the
      anorectic response to restraint and footshock but not to affect the
      corticosterone response to restraint. It is concluded that repeated DMI treatment
      has differential effects on responses to acute stress.

PMID- 6597942
TI  - [Occlusal relation].

PMID- 6597944
TI  - [Effect of facial vertical dimension on the prognosis of sagittal plane anomalies
      in a subject during growth].

PMID- 6597943
TI  - [Surgery and dysmorphoses of anterior vertical insufficiency].

PMID- 6597945
TI  - [A diagnostic method for vertical dimension: the Biggerstaff analysis].

PMID- 6597946
TI  - [The microcomputer in orthodontics, why and how].

PMID- 6597947
TI  - [Tribulations of a premolar].

PMID- 6597948
TI  - [Presentation of a visualized clinical record].

PMID- 6597949
TI  - [An epidemiological survey: its history, its results].

PMID- 6597950
TI  - [Traditional "guided" extractions in Moorish communities in Senegal: Tinsal].

PMID- 6597952
TI  - [The micro-computer in orthodontics, why and how (2)].

PMID- 6597951
TI  - [Descriptive analysis of the relation of the cranial base to the maxillary
      skeletal base and their reciprocal classification].

PMID- 6597953
TI  - [The nose and the development of the soft tissue profile].

PMID- 6597954
TI  - [The history of the nose].

PMID- 6597955
TI  - [Anatomical exploration of the nasal pyramid].

PMID- 6597956
TI  - [Surgical possibilities on the subject of nasal esthetics].

PMID- 6597958
TI  - [Computers: watch out, they don't tell us everything].

PMID- 6597957
TI  - [Autotransplantation of premolar tooth germs. Results].

PMID- 6597959
TI  - [Morphology of the nose and orthodontic treatment in the adult].

PMID- 6597960
TI  - [Conditioning of cement powders into capsules--fabrication--value].

PMID- 6597961
TI  - [Physiopathology of pregnancy-induced hypertension].
AB  - Even though multiple factors are involved in arterial blood pressure elevation,
      during pregnancy-induced hypertension normal physiologic processes are occurring
      in the uteroplacental unit. These appear probably very early in pregnancy.
      Treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension at the present time is directed
      simply at lowering the blood pressure. It should be emphasized that only one
      placebo-controlled study has demonstrated a beneficial effect of antihypertensive
      treatment for the fetus in moderate pregnancy-induced hypertension. Future
      treatment very likely will be preventive, administered from the onset of
      pregnancy in a high-risk patient.

PMID- 6597962
TI  - [Second-trimester abortion: a difficult, unresolved problem].
AB  - The authors review the various methods proposed for the late evacuation of the
      uterus. They report their experience of intra-amniotic injection of
      prostaglandins and, more recently, the use of extra-amniotic injections. They
      have found this latter technique to be unsatisfactory. Evacuation following
      dilatation under local anaesthetic, despite a few complications, appears to be
      effective... but the problem is far from being resolved.

PMID- 6597963
TI  - [Granulocyte transfusion in patients with acute myeloid leukemia subjected to
      induction chemotherapy: prophylaxis or therapy?].

PMID- 6597964
TI  - Endoscopic control of major stress ulcer bleeding.

PMID- 6597965
TI  - Curling's ulcer--a serious complication of the burned patient.

PMID- 6597966
TI  - Light- and electron-microscopy of normal and regenerating gastric mucosa with
      special reference to the parietal cells.

PMID- 6597967
TI  - Acute gastric ulceration in septic shock: an experimental model.

PMID- 6597968
TI  - Surface pH gradient in gastroduodenal mucosa.

PMID- 6597969
TI  - Gastric HCO3- secretion in humans.

PMID- 6597970
TI  - Human gastric blood flow: methodological and physiological considerations.

PMID- 6597971
TI  - Stress ulceration: possible pathogenic mechanisms.

PMID- 6597972
TI  - Surgical therapy in stress ulcerations.

PMID- 6597973
TI  - [Gingival wound healing following experimental mucoperiosteal flap surgery.
      Ultrastructural study of connective tissue reattachment].

PMID- 6597974
TI  - [The occlusal surface of the maxillary deciduous 2nd molar].

PMID- 6597975
TI  - [The antibacterial effect of Irgasan DP 300, Taisoal and Taisalite against oral
      bacteria].

PMID- 6597976
TI  - Dentistry for veterans.

PMID- 6597977
TI  - Automated reading of Propidium Iodide lymphocytotoxicity tests for HLA-DR, MB, MT
      typing.
AB  - The combination of the Propidium Iodide method and automatic reading and scoring
      with a microscope fluorimeter is an accurate, reproducible and stable procedure
      for HLA-DR, MB and MT typing.

PMID- 6597979
TI  - Inhibition of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 beta-HSD) activities of
      human placenta by steroids and non-steroidal hormone agonists and antagonists.
AB  - Various naturally occurring steroids, synthetic steroid derivatives and non
      steroidal hormone agonists and antagonists were assayed as inhibitors of human
      placental 17 beta-HSD activities. Microsomal 17 beta-HSD was inhibited by C18-,
      C19- and C21-steroids. Soluble 17 beta-HSD was highly specific for C18-steroids.
      In contrast to the soluble activity, the microsomal enzyme also had a strong
      affinity for ethinylestradiol (KI = 0.3 microM) and danazol (KI = 0.6 microM);
      anabolic steroids and norethisterone were weaker inhibitors. Of the non-steroids
      tested only diethylstilbestrol and o-demethyl CI-680 were inhibitors and they
      showed a greater affinity for soluble 17 beta-HSD. KI-values for estradiol-17
      beta, (0.8 microM), progesterone (27.0 microM) and 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone
      (1.5 microM) were comparable to reported tissue levels of these compounds,
      consistent with a possible competition in vivo among naturally occurring C18-,
      C19-, and C21-steroids for the active site of microsomal 17 beta-HSD.

PMID- 6597978
TI  - HLA antigens in Japanese patients with narcolepsy. All the patients were DR2
      positive.
AB  - A surprisingly high association between an HLA-DR locus antigen and narcolepsy
      was revealed in the Japanese. All 40 Japanese patients with narcolepsy (22 males
      and 18 females) were confirmed to be DR2 positive. However, the DR2 of the
      patients was found to associate negatively with Bw52, whereas Bw52-DR2 is the
      commonest haplotype in normal Japanese population. These data suggested that a
      "disease" allele predisposing to narcolepsy was inherited with relatively rare
      haplotypes with DR2 in the Japanese.

PMID- 6597980
TI  - [Temperature development in the polishing of fillings].

PMID- 6597981
TI  - [Longitudinal study of the determination of morbidity in a standard population.
      1. Reduction of secondary caries].

PMID- 6597982
TI  - [Microbiological and clinical studies on an oral hygiene cleanser-containing gel
      Dentosmin P].

PMID- 6597983
TI  - [Root tip resection with a short pin].

PMID- 6597984
TI  - [The odontoma from an orthodontic viewpoint].

PMID- 6597986
TI  - [Outline of requirements for optimum lighting conditions in the dental
      operatory].

PMID- 6597985
TI  - [Salivary gland infarction with squamous cell metaplasia--so-called necrotizing
      sialometaplasia].

PMID- 6597987
TI  - Effect of retinoic acid on bone-marrow committed stem cells (CFU-c) from chronic
      myeloid leukemia patients.
AB  - The effect of retinoic acid (all-trans) on the clonal growth of chronic myeloid
      leukemia marrow was studied. The results indicate that 3 X 10(-5) M, 3 X 10(-6)
      M, 3 X 10(-7) M and 3 X 10(-8) M of retinoic acid inhibits the colony stimulating
      activity of placental conditioned medium.

PMID- 6597988
TI  - [Acute lymphoblastic transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 6597989
TI  - When will prevention of HTLV-III infection be possible?
AB  - Over the last five years, the pattern and prevalence of the Acquired Immune
      Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has taxed microbiologists. The disease has
      increasingly looked like the result of a transmissible agent which though of low
      infectivity, has a predilection for certain well-defined social groups.
      Homosexual men are among the most commonly affected but drug addicts and
      haemophiliacs are also at risk. The existence of the disease in central Africa
      suggests also that there may be a natural focus perhaps as the result of
      interaction between the human population and enzootic animal virus. Nevertheless,
      the origin of the disease remains obscure.

PMID- 6597990
TI  - [Triploid clone observed in the blastic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia-
      DNA cytofluorometry].

PMID- 6597991
TI  - Long-term changes in hyoid bone position and craniocervical posture in complete
      denture wearers.
AB  - Changes in hyoid position in relation to changes in mandibular inclination and
      craniocervical posture were studied by roentgen cephalometrics in a sample of 24
      long-term complete denture wearers over a 15-year period. The measurements were
      made on lateral occlusion films obtained with the subjects in the sitting
      position and with the head oriented according to its natural balance. The changes
      in mandibular inclination ranged from -5.5 degrees to 8.6 degrees, with a mean of
      zero. The cervical column became significantly more forward inclined (mean, 5
      degrees), and the craniocervical angulation became on an average 5 degrees
      larger. Correlation analyses indicated that the hyoid position was influenced by
      two postural systems: the changes in mandibular inclination and the changes in
      cervical and craniocervical posture. The vertical changes in hyoid position in
      relation to the upper face largely followed the patterns of increase or decrease
      in mandibular inclination, whereas the horizontal changes mainly followed the
      changes in cervical inclination and craniocervical angulation.

PMID- 6597992
TI  - Relationship between occlusal factors and signs and symptoms of mandibular
      dysfunction. A clinical study of 48 dental students.
AB  - Forty-eight young adults answered a questionnaire and were examined clinically
      for determination of symptoms and signs of mandibular dysfunction in accordance
      with the Helkimo indices. Occlusal conditions recorded included contacts in
      centric and excentric mandibular positions in accordance with specified criteria
      for registration of "ideal occlusion', various occlusal patterns, occlusal
      interferences, and dental attrition. Relatively frequent but mainly mild signs
      and symptoms of mandibular dysfunction were found. The occlusal conditions were
      extremely varied and did not show any significant correlations with signs and
      symptoms of mandibular dysfunction.

PMID- 6597993
TI  - Reliability of plaque and periodontal measurements estimated by the internal
      consistency method.
AB  - The purpose of this paper was to assess whether the internal consistency method
      could be used to estimate reliability of periodontal and plaque measurements.
      This method is based on the assumption of comparability of data from the left and
      right halves of the mouth. The material comprised data from 61 subjects (mean
      age, 43 years). Percentage of tooth surfaces with plaque index scores of at least
      1, percentage of bleeding units (GI = 2), and the mean pocket depth were
      calculated for each half of the mouth. At the group level the mean variables, and
      there was a substantial degree of bilateral symmetry for all variables as
      measured by Pearson's r. Reliability coefficients were computed in accordance
      with the Spearman-Brown formula. Highest reliability coefficient was observed for
      pocket depth measurements (0.97), followed by plaque measurements (0.95), and ,
      finally, gingival bleeding measurements (0.90). The internal consistency method
      seems promising in estimating reliability in epidemiologic surveys, but further
      studies should be initiated to substantiate this contention.

PMID- 6597994
TI  - Effects of a national dental health campaign in Finland.
AB  - In 1981 a national health campaign was launched to increase demand for dental
      services in Finland. The nationwide campaign was preceded by a separate campaign
      directed at getting the dentists to accept the responsibility for maintaining a
      regular treatment pattern for their patients. In the second part the public was
      informed of the means to keep their teeth throughout life via mass-media
      communication. The effects of this campaign was evaluated by the data from an
      interview study of 694 15- to 50-year-old Finns made in 1983 and by comparing
      these results with data from a nationwide study of 648 of the same age group
      carried out in 1980. In 1980, 54% of the interviewees had visited a dentist
      within the last 12 months. The corresponding percentage in 1983 was 65%. The
      commonest reason for the latest dental visit in both surveys was routine
      examination. The number of interviewees recalled by the dentist was 4% in 1980
      and 8% in 1983. Oral hygiene was most frequently stated as the most important
      preventive dental measure. The interviewees had no doubts that teeth could be
      kept throughout life. Although the effect of the campaign can be considered
      positive, in terms of giving stimulus to visit the dentist, the insufficiency of
      the mass media communication in changing health behavior was also demonstrated.

PMID- 6597995
TI  - Dental visiting patterns of Finns and Swedes in Sweden, 1976-1980.
AB  - Information on treatment provided to a random (cluster) sample of all adult
      patients treated under the dental insurance scheme in Sweden since 1974 is stored
      at the National Social Insurance Board (NSIB). In this study the use of dental
      services by settled Finnish immigrants and Swedes over a 5-year period (1976-80)
      was compared, using this information. The material consisted of 1152 17- to 64
      year-old Finnish immigrants, selected in accordance with the same criteria as the
      NSIB sample, registered on the population register of Stockholm county in 1975
      and still on the register in 1982, and a comparison group of individually matched
      Swedes. Standard NSIB computer programs and a special program for recurrent use
      of dental services in 1976-79 were used. Because of regulations on
      confidentiality of personal information, comparisons were based on inter-group
      differences. Each year about 40% of Finnish immigrants and 50% of Swedes had been
      to a dentist. In both groups women visited a dentist more frequently. The
      proportion of persons in the different groups who had used dental services in the
      period 1976-80 varied only slightly from year to year. In the 4-year period 1976
      79, 74% of Finnish immigrants and 87% of Swedes in the studied groups had been to
      a dentist at least once. Significantly more Swedes than Finnish immigrants had
      seen a dentist annually. Of those who had been to a dentist, a significantly
      greater proportion of Finnish immigrants than Swedes had received acute treatment
      and dentures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6597996
TI  - Transferrin reactivity in oral mucosa adjacent to different dental restorations.
AB  - Transferrin (TF) is a metal-binding protein that has been detected in human
      mucosal tissues. Positive TF reactivity has been related to iron transport,
      epithelial keratinization, and the non-specific defense system of mucosal
      membranes. An immunoperoxidase staining technique was used to study the
      distribution of TF in buccal mucosa adjacent to different metallic restorations
      (62 cases) to assess the nature of tissue changes possibly attributable to dental
      materials. The transferrin reactivity in the oral epithelium of 10 patients with
      galvanic symptoms was also determined. The results showed an obvious shift in TF
      reactivity from weak to strong in patients with complete dentures and in those
      with galvanic symptoms when compared with controls. The results are discussed in
      terms of epithelial cell proliferation and keratinization and of the role of TF
      in chelating free metallic ions.

PMID- 6597997
TI  - Some attitudes towards edentulousness, complete dentures, and cooperation with
      the dentist. A study of denture patients attending a dental school.
AB  - Our purpose was to study some patient attitudes related to edentulousness and
      aspects of the personal relationship between patient and dentist. Seventy-four
      edentulous patients at a dental school, all experienced denture wearers, were
      interviewed before the insertion of new complete dentures. Half of them felt
      bitter and sad about the loss of their teeth. This attitude was found
      significantly more frequently in women than men. More than 3/4 were quite willing
      to talk to others about having dentures. Almost as many, however, refused to
      appear in front of others without their dentures. Nearly 70% seemed to have
      accepted their dentures as a part of themselves. More than 80% of the patients
      expressed that satisfaction with new dentures may be influenced by the personal
      relationship between patient and dentist. A similar proportion expressed that
      satisfaction with dentures may be influenced by their own cooperation. There
      seemed to be less agreement about how they should cooperate and also what the
      responsibilities of the dentist were. None of these patient attitudes or opinions
      were significantly related to acceptance of new dentures.

PMID- 6597998
TI  - Crown size of deciduous teeth in Icelanders.
AB  - Mesiodistal and buccolingual crown diameters of deciduous teeth were measured
      from dental casts of 540 Icelandic children. Statistically significant sexual
      dimorphism was present in five of the buccolingual and in six of the mesiodistal
      diameters. The variability of the measurements followed the field concept but did
      not show systematic sexual dimorphism. In accordance with the permanent teeth,
      the size of the deciduous teeth also proved to be at the top of the range for
      populations of European origin.

PMID- 6597999
TI  - Relief formation in polished amalgam surfaces.
AB  - The relief produced in the surface of dental amalgam as a result of polishing was
      studied by scanning electron microscopy in traditional low-copper amalgams, high
      copper dispersant-type amalgams, and high-copper single-composition amalgams.
      Specimens were polished metallographically in two planes at right angles to each
      other. Micrographs were taken of the edge between the planes; the profile of one
      of the polished planes could be traced and the microstructural phases recognized.
      The traced lines were analyzed by a computer that calculated the mean levels of
      the phases and the mean deviation (roughness) of all the phases along the scanned
      distance. Recesses were seen in the surface of the gamma-2 phase. The gamma-1
      phase attained the highest level, protruding above the phases of the alloy
      particles. The results indicate that well-polished amalgam surfaces have a
      structural relief that contributes to the roughness and limits the degree of
      smoothness that can be obtained in an amalgam surface.

PMID- 6598000
TI  - Abrasion of acrylic veneers by simulated toothbrushing.
AB  - The abrasion responses were tested on four acrylic veneer materials, K + B Plus,
      K + B 75, Isosit, and Ivocron. The studies were performed in two independent
      research laboratories. Two different brushing machines were used with an abrasive
      slurry. The results were used for comparing the degree of abrasion for the resin
      materials. Three analytical methods of measuring the degree of abrasive wear were
      used: surface profile measurement, microscopic evaluation, and measurement of
      loss of volume. Isosit showed the best abrasion resistance of the four materials
      tested.

PMID- 6598001
TI  - Functional cytoprotection by certain antacids.
AB  - The effect of different antacids has been investigated on ulcer development,
      parameters of mucus barrier disruption and gastric PGE2 content in rats. Al(OH)3
      containing antacids inhibit gastric ulcer formation induced by alcohol or
      acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Changes in parameters of mucus barrier disruption
      evoked by sodium taurocholate can be significantly diminished by treatment with
      antacids. This protective effect of antacids is abolished in animals pretreated
      with indomethacin. PGE2 contents both in gastric mucosa and instillate are
      increased by pretreatment with antacids. PGE2 content in gastric mucosa or
      instillate diminished by sodium taurocholate can be normalized by antacid
      treatment. Although acidic isotonic or acidic hypertonic solutions increase
      gastric PGE2 content, they are not ulceroprotective. In these solutions,
      detectable amounts of released PGE2 are minimal. Under in vitro circumstances,
      the lifetime of PGE2 in gastric juice is shortened by decreasing pH. It has been
      concluded that Al(OH)3-containing antacids increase PGE2 content in the gastric
      mucosa. Furthermore, they are capable of lengthening the lifetime of PGE2 in the
      gastric content. Thus, the clinical use of Al(OH)3-containing antacids in low
      doses is to be emphasized in the management of gastric ulcer disease.

PMID- 6598002
TI  - Effect of PGF2 alpha administered in cytoprotective and antisecretory doses on
      the ethanol- and HCl-induced gastric mucosal damage and gastric mucosal
      superoxide dismutase activity in rats.
AB  - Gastric mucosal damage was provoked by the topical application of 96% ethanol (1
      ml) or 0.6 M HCl, (1 ml) by the method of Robert et al. [11]. Different doses of
      PGF2 alpha 100, 200 and 400 micrograms/kg) were given ip 30 min before the
      administration of the necrotizing agents. The animals were killed 1 hr after the
      application of the necrotizing agents. The number and severity of gastric lesions
      (ulcers) were recorded. Gastric mucosal superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was
      measured by the method of Misra and Fridovich [8]. It was found that: PGF2 alpha
      dose-dependently decreased the number and severity of gastric lesions produced by
      96% ethanol or 0.6 M HCl: gastric mucosal superoxide dismutase activity could be
      increased significantly by PGF2 alpha in the HCl-model: gastric mucosal
      superoxide dismutase activity could be significantly decreased by PGF2 alpha
      administration in the ethanol-model: no significant difference was obtained
      between the ulcer preventive effect of PGF2 alpha and the changes in the gastric
      mucosal SOD activity. It was concluded that: the ulcer preventive effect of PGF2
      alpha partly depends on the scavanger mechanism (in the ethanol-model): the
      cytoprotective (100 micrograms/kg) and by antisecretory (400 micrograms/kg) doses
      of PGF2 alpha; exert similar effects on the changes of gastric mucosal SOD
      activity.

PMID- 6598003
TI  - Screening for anorexia and bulimia nervosa in a college population: problems and
      limitations.
AB  - In relation to prevalence studies, bulimia and anorexia nervosa symptoms have
      been reported to be surprisingly high, although such studies have relied upon
      questionnaire data. The present study examines the reliability and validity of an
      eating disorder questionnaire (Eating Attitudes Test) in discriminating anorexics
      and bulimics from a general female college population. Of an initial test sample
      of 162 subjects, 56 were subsequently interviewed and retested. The results
      indicated that the questionnaire gave a high false positive rate for both eating
      disorders. Discussion focuses on limitations of questionnaire data in determining
      bulimia prevalence rates.

PMID- 6598004
TI  - A method for analyzing transcription using permeabilized cells.
AB  - Brief exposure of Friend cells to a buffered hypotonic solution containing 1%
      Tween 80 caused permeabilization and allowed incorporation of [3H]UTP into RNA.
      The incorporation was inhibited 85-97% by 20 micrograms/ml actinomycin D and the
      reaction product was completely hydrolyzed by 0.1 M KOH. UMP incorporation was
      nearly linear for 60 min at 23 degrees C; however, at 37 degrees C it ceased
      after 15-20 min of rapid incorporation. The inhibition of UMP incorporation by 2
      micrograms/ml alpha-amanitin was much greater at 23 degrees C than at 37 degrees
      C. The molecular weight of the RNA synthesized in permeabilized cells is broadly
      distributed with about 83% larger than 18 S. In vitro transcription of the mouse
      beta-major globin gene was studied by hybridizing 32P-labeled nascent RNA to
      filter-bound DNA sequences representing this gene and its flanking regions. After
      induction by hexamethylene-bisacetamide, Friend cells exhibited more than
      fivefold increases in the rate of transcription for the beta-major globin gene as
      compared to the uninduced control cells. Induction also caused an increase in the
      transcription rate of the 3'-flanking region located downstream from the poly(A)
      addition site. Thus, the primary transcription unit of beta-major globin gene is
      essentially the same in permeabilized cells as that previously reported for
      nuclei isolated from the same cell line. In addition, permeabilized cells
      actively initiate RNA synthesis as determined by the incorporation of a thiol
      group at the 5' initiating nucleotide, when synthesis was in the presence of
      [gamma-S]-labeled nucleoside triphosphates. Permeabilized cells are about 7-11
      times more active than isolated nuclei in the synthesis of both in vitro
      initiated and total RNA.

PMID- 6598005
TI  - First Colloquium in Biological Sciences. New York, New York, 1984.

PMID- 6598006
TI  - The genetic dissection of viral virulence.

PMID- 6598007
TI  - How to see in the dark: photon noise in vision and nuclear medicine.
AB  - This paper is concerned with the construction of optimal filters for smoothing
      the photon noise that arises under low-light conditions in vision and under low
      dose or short-exposure conditions in nuclear medicine. In the case of vision, the
      paper explores the hypothesis that the retina functions as an optimal filter. The
      consequences of this hypothesis for light adaptation are studied. In the case of
      nuclear medicine, a method for constructing optimal filters is introduced, and
      the method is tested by computer simulation.

PMID- 6598008
TI  - Characterization and regulation of rat hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450
      isozymes.

PMID- 6598009
TI  - Multiple sclerosis: experimental and clinical aspects.

PMID- 6598010
TI  - Continual breakdown and regeneration of myelin in progressive multiple sclerosis
      plaques.
AB  - Plaques with lipid macrophages and macrophages containing undigested myelin
      fragments from five multiple sclerosis patients were studied by light microscopy
      of epoxy-embedded tissue (five cases) and electron microscopy (one case). Cell
      counts determined electron microscopically revealed that oligodendrocytes were
      reduced in number in areas of commencing myelin breakdown. The major mechanism of
      myelin destruction was phagocytosis by macrophages of intact myelin sheaths in
      the presence of very small numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells. When plaques
      were orientated to allow examination of whole myelin internodes, it was found
      that most lesions, including lesions known to have been present for less than ten
      months, contained remyelinating internodes, sometimes in numbers large enough to
      form shadow plaques. It is concluded that the two processes of sometimes massive
      remyelination and active demyelination frequently coexist in "fatty" subacute
      plaques filled with lipid-containing macrophages, and that myelin breakdown at
      the edges of progressive lesions includes destruction of remyelinating
      internodes.

PMID- 6598011
TI  - Pathogenetic mechanisms in multiple sclerosis. A summary.

PMID- 6598012
TI  - Cytotoxic cells in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis
      patients.

PMID- 6598013
TI  - Oligoclonal banding in MS.

PMID- 6598014
TI  - Antibodies to glycosphingolipids in patients with multiple sclerosis.
AB  - Antibodies to one or more glycosphingolipids were detected by means of a liposome
      lysis assay in the sera of 60/81 patients with multiple sclerosis, 24/42 patients
      with systemic lupus erythematosus and in the majority of patients with cranial
      trauma or cerebrovascular accidents. Antibodies against ganglioside GM1 and
      asialo GM1 were found most commonly and they were frequently present in the same
      sera. Among patients whose sera contained antibodies to glycolipids, anti-GM1
      alone occurred more frequently in patients with multiple sclerosis (14/59) than
      in systemic lupus erythematosus (1/22; p = 0.045) and antiasialo GM1 alone was
      more common in patients with lupus (9/22) than in patients with multiple
      sclerosis (8/59, p = 0.007). In 10 sera analyzed, all of the antibodies against
      these two glycolipids were of the IgM class, and some fluctuation in antibody
      titers was noted over a three-month period. The role of these antibodies in the
      initiation or perpetuation of inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system
      remains to be determined.

PMID- 6598015
TI  - Magnetic resonance imaging and CT scanning in multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 6598016
TI  - Multiple sclerosis bladder. Studies and care.

PMID- 6598017
TI  - Disability rating scales in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - The International Federation of Multiple Sclerosis Societies has been attempting
      to define a Minimal Data Set for multiple sclerosis following the tripartite
      scheme of the World Health Organization, with one rating scheme for neurologic
      signs, one for physical disabilities, and one for the societal impact of the
      disease. Current recommendations are the Disability Status Scale or the Expanded
      DSS plus Functional Systems for the first, Incapacity Status Scale of 16 items
      for the second, and Environmental Status Scale of 7 items for the third. All are
      graded in an ordinal (rank) scale from 0 (normal) with larger numbers for greater
      involvement. ISS scores range from 0-4 and ESS from 0-5 for each item. The only
      part of this scheme useful for measurement in clinical trials is the (E)DSS + FS.
      The DSS ranges from 0-10; EDSS subdivides each DSS grade 1-9 into two. FS are
      pyramidal, cerebellar, brain stem, sensory, bowel and bladder, visual, cerebral,
      or other; all save the last are graded 0-5 or 0-6. The DSS correlates well with
      both frequency and severity of involvement in all FS, which in turn represent a
      coded standard neurologic examination.

PMID- 6598018
TI  - Total lymphoid irradiation in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. A
      preliminary report.

PMID- 6598019
TI  - Intrathecal IgG synthesis and IgG index after intensive and chronic
      immunosuppressive treatment of multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 6598020
TI  - The current management of multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 6598021
TI  - Psychosocial factors in multiple sclerosis and the role of stress.

PMID- 6598022
TI  - Sexual dysfunctions in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - The nature, incidence, prevalence, etiology and management of sexual problems in
      MS has not been well defined yet. Sexual dysfunctions in MS seem to be related to
      a combination of the neurological consequences of MS and the personal, partner
      and social reactions to this condition. A sexual history is valuable in defining
      the specific areas of concern, and bringing into focus the patient's and the
      couple's sexual resources. Physical examination and investigations may assist in
      clarifying the extent of the sexual impairment and disability, and its
      relationship to MS. Treatment strategies include: relevant information,
      education, physical rehabilitation and supportive therapy in combination with
      medical intervention, and when indicated, surgical treatment or sex therapy. Long
      range prognosis with or without treatment is not clear yet.

PMID- 6598024
TI  - The national multiple sclerosis survey. Background and economic impact.

PMID- 6598023
TI  - Development and testing of a minimal record of disability in multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 6598025
TI  - The future of funding for MS research.

PMID- 6598026
TI  - Electrophysiological confirmation of orientation-specific contrast losses in
      multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 6598027
TI  - Copolymer I: effect on normal human lymphocytes.

PMID- 6598028
TI  - The National Neurological Research Bank. A collection of cryopreserved human
      neurological specimens for neuroscientists.

PMID- 6598030
TI  - Direct suppressive effect of prostaglandin D2 on growth hormone secretion from
      rat anterior pituitary.

PMID- 6598029
TI  - Differences in human plasma oxytocin, prostaglandin E1, E2 and F2 alpha levels
      between spontaneous and amniotomy-induced labors.

PMID- 6598031
TI  - The Australian Dental Standards Laboratory in 1984.

PMID- 6598032
TI  - Fluoride tablets and dental health.

PMID- 6598033
TI  - Dental survey of nursing home residents in South Australia.

PMID- 6598034
TI  - A longitudinal radiographic study of caries progression in dental students.

PMID- 6598035
TI  - The hyperventilation (overbreathing) syndrome.

PMID- 6598036
TI  - The use of adhesive materials in the conservative restoration of selected
      posterior teeth.

PMID- 6598037
TI  - Non-Hodgkins' lymphoma of the oral cavity. Case report.

PMID- 6598038
TI  - Infective endocarditis.

PMID- 6598039
TI  - Alveolar type I and type II cells.
AB  - The alveolar epithelium comprises two main cell types: the alveolar type I and
      alveolar type II cell. The type I cell is a complex branched cell with multiple
      cytoplasmic plates that are greatly attenuated and relatively devoid of
      organelles; these plates represent the gas exchange surface in the alveolus. On
      the other hand, the type II cell acts as the "caretaker" of the alveolar
      compartment. It responds to damage of the vulnerable type I cell by dividing and
      acting as a progenitor cell for both type I and type II cells. In addition, it
      synthesises, stores and releases pulmonary surfactant into the alveolar
      hypophase, where it acts to optimise conditions for gas exchange.

PMID- 6598040
TI  - The morphogenesis and classification of diffuse interstitial lung diseases: a
      clinicopathological approach, based on tissue reaction patterns.
AB  - This account gives a clinicopathological overview and classification of diffuse
      interstitial lung diseases, emphasising the interstitial pneumonias. The
      morphogenesis and progression of fibrosing alveolitis are discussed in relation
      to the normal cellular and extracellular components of the pulmonary
      interstitium, with the alveolar macrophage playing a pivotal role. So-called
      desquamative interstitial pneumonia is considered to represent an early steroid
      responsive cellular exudative phase of fibrosing alveolitis, most of the intra
      alveolar cells being macrophages rather than type II pneumocytes. The distinction
      between fibrosing alveolitis and diffuse alveolar damage, and their possible
      pathogenetic relationships to each other, are also discussed. Throughout this
      presentation it is stressed that inflammatory interstitial disorders such as the
      "desquamative" alveolopathies constitute stereotyped patterns of tissue reaction
      to a variety of injurious agents, which should always be taken into account in
      reaching a definitive clinicopathological diagnosis, especially in fibreoptic
      biopsies where histomorphological discriminants may not be present because of the
      small amount of tissue sampled.

PMID- 6598041
TI  - Lung function in diffuse interstitial lung disease of unknown cause.
AB  - To examine the role of lung function tests in diagnosis and management of
      patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease (DILD) we measured total lung
      capacity (TLC), gas transfer (Tl), lung distensibility and arterial saturation
      (SaO2) and ventilation during progressive exercise in 24 patients with DILD
      including 18 with biopsy confirmation. Tl was decreased in all patients, in 21/24
      there was progressive hypoxia with exercise, in 12/24 TLC was greater than 80%
      predicted and in 6/18 lung distensibility was normal. Tl and the change of SaO2
      with work output during exercise were highly correlated (r = -0.65, p less than
      0.001). In serial studies, the change of SaO2 with work output altered most with
      clinical improvement or deterioration. The clinical course and response to
      treatment was not related to a particular pattern of abnormal function. These
      results and those of previous studies indicate that in DILD the most sensitive
      index of abnormal parenchymal function is Tl, that lung volumes and
      distensibility may be normal so that the term "restrictive lung disease" can be
      misleading, that the fall of SaO2 with work output and Tl are the most sensitive
      parameters for assessing severity and following the course of the disease and
      that lung function alone does not predict outcome.

PMID- 6598042
TI  - Mechanical properties of the lung in diffuse interstitial lung disease.
AB  - To define the mechanical properties of the lungs in diffuse interstitial lung
      disease (DILD) the static deflation volume-pressure (VP) and maximum expiratory
      flow-volume characteristics were measured in 18 patients with DILD including 14
      with biopsy confirmation. Elastic recoil, defined by the position of the VP
      curve, was increased in 12, normal in four and decreased in two patients. The
      distensibility of inflatable lung, defined by the constant K of a single
      exponential fitted to the VP data, was decreased in 10 of the 12 with increased
      recoil and increased in the two with decreased recoil. Those with a normal or
      increased pulmonary distensibility smoked more than those with decreased
      distensibility (p less than 0.05). Maximum expiratory flow rates (MEFR) were
      decreased at any elastic recoil pressure in 12 patients; when corrected for lung
      size MEFR were decreased in seven patients, six of whom were smokers. These
      results show that in DILD a decreased pulmonary distensibility is common but not
      invariable, that an increased elastic recoil reflects both loss of lung units and
      decreased distensibility of inflatable units and that an increased flow
      resistance is common. Co-existent emphysema could explain a normal or increased
      pulmonary distensibility in DILD. The increased flow resistance is due in part to
      fibrosis and loss of lung units with functional loss of the attendant airways.
      Decreased MEFR, despite correction for lung size, in seven subjects suggests that
      structural narrowing of airways, due to cigarette smoking and/or bronchiolar
      involvement by the disease, also contributes to an increased flow resistance in
      some patients with DILD.

PMID- 6598043
TI  - Adult respiratory distress syndrome: mechanisms of lung injury.
AB  - Lung injury in the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may be mediated
      through a variety of mechanisms and may involve the interaction of a number of
      systems involved in the inflammatory reaction--complement, granulocytes,
      prostaglandins and platelets. Studies in animals, involving the infusion of
      endotoxin, have produced convincing evidence that these agents can cause
      pulmonary vascular injury and a syndrome resembling human ARDS. Direct evidence
      of these pathogenic mechanisms in man is lacking, however, but some suggestive
      clues have emerged in the last few years that support this general scheme.
      Secondary lung injury through inappropriate fluid administration, sepsis, oxygen
      toxicity and barotrauma is potentially avoidable. Improved understanding of the
      pathophysiology of ARDS and improved hemodynamic monitoring should allow
      minimising of fluid administration and positive end-expiratory pressure in the
      management of these patients without dangerous impairment of cardiac output. Such
      an approach, combined with the avoidance of colloid in the early stages of the
      disease, and the use of vasoactive agents to support cardiac output if necessary,
      should minimise edema formation and barotrauma and maximise tissue oxygenation.
      Pulmonary sepsis continues to play an important role in ARDS. Patients are
      frequently infected after the initial pulmonary injury; such patients have a far
      worse prognosis than those who are not infected. Until ways are established at a
      cellular level to minimise colonisation of the upper respiratory tract, reliance
      must be placed on avoidance of cross infection by strict personal hygiene,
      avoidance of prophylactic antibiotics, and prompt, vigorous treatment of
      suspected pulmonary infection.

PMID- 6598044
TI  - What is the use of a respiratory function test?

PMID- 6598045
TI  - Spirometry.

PMID- 6598046
TI  - Lung volumes and distensibility.

PMID- 6598047
TI  - Airflow limitation.

PMID- 6598048
TI  - Gas exchange.

PMID- 6598049
TI  - A simple guide to clinical exercise testing.

PMID- 6598050
TI  - Ischemic hepatitis: clinical features, diagnosis and prognosis.
AB  - Nineteen episodes of ischemic hepatitis were diagnosed by hepatitic liver
      function tests and characteristic liver pathology in 17 patients. All patients
      had an acute illness associated with a likely fall in cardiac output although
      only five episodes were associated with documented hypotension. Right ventricular
      failure was severe in only four, mild in six, and absent in nine whilst left
      ventricular failure was clinically apparent in 16. The hepatitic illness was
      usually mild. No patient died as a direct result of hepatic damage, prognosis
      depending on the underlying cardiac or systemic disease. Liver function tests
      were characterised by a marked rise in serum transaminase levels with a parallel
      increase in serum lactic dehydrogenase of hepatic origin and a short time course
      of the enzyme elevation lasting 3 to 11 days. It is concluded that ischemic
      hepatitis is caused by poor hepatic perfusion associated with an acute fall in
      cardiac output; is usually a subclinical illness with little influence on
      prognosis, and may be accurately differentiated from viral hepatitis on clinical
      and biochemical criteria alone.

PMID- 6598051
TI  - Mutation frequency in nurses and pharmacists working with cytotoxic drugs.
AB  - Individuals occupationally exposed to cytotoxic drugs may be at risk owing to the
      effects of these agents on DNA. As an index of DNA damage, in vivo mutations were
      measured in lymphocytes from 24 oncology nurses or pharmacists and 24 matched
      controls. Mutation frequency was significantly increased in exposed individuals
      and appeared to be related to duration of exposure. However, the overall
      magnitude of the increase was small and its biological significance remains to be
      determined.

PMID- 6598052
TI  - Familial deficiency of antithrombin III: evidence for heterogeneity existing
      within the family.
AB  - An Australian family with familial antithrombin III (AT III) deficiency is
      described. The deficiency inherited in an autosomal co-dominant manner is
      characterised by proportionate reduction in antigenically and biologically
      measured AT III. Some members with AT III deficiency have had major venous
      thromboses, and the deficiency has possibly been the cause of death in two
      individuals in the family. Heterogeneity was observed in laboratory and clinical
      findings in this family.

PMID- 6598053
TI  - Post-heparin hepatic and lipoprotein lipase activities in nephrotic syndrome.
AB  - Lipid metabolism was studied in 18 patients with nephrotic syndrome due to
      various glomerulonephritides. Nephrotic patients had hypercholesterolemia with or
      without hypertriglyceridemia. The mean serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
      concentration was not significantly reduced in nephrotic patients. Hepatic lipase
      and lipoprotein lipase activities were measured selectively in post-heparin
      plasma from all 18 patients using a substrate-specific method. The mean
      lipoprotein lipase activity in nephrotic patients was markedly reduced while the
      mean hepatic lipase activity was not significantly different from that of
      controls. Lipoprotein lipase activities correlated inversely with serum
      triglyceride concentrations, but positively with in vivo post-heparin fractional
      clearance rates of Intralipid and with serum high-density lipoprotein
      concentrations. Nephrotic serum inhibited lipoprotein lipase activity in normal
      subjects. The percentage inhibition, however, did not correlate with the degree
      of hypertriglyceridemia. A relatively weak inverse correlation was shown to exist
      between plasma albumin concentration and hepatic lipase activities.

PMID- 6598054
TI  - Renal failure in infancy due to over-production of urate.
AB  - This report concerns a three month old infant who was failing to thrive. Renal
      insufficiency was demonstrated and attributed to aortic coarctation. However,
      surgical correction of the coarctation failed to correct the renal insufficiency
      completely and disproportionate hyperuricemia was noted. Excessive urinary
      excretion of uric acid was found and a moderate deficiency (6% of normal) of
      hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) was demonstrated. When the
      urate over-production was corrected with allopurinol, renal function returned to
      normal and the child became well. The importance of over-production of urate and
      the resultant excessive urinary excretion of uric acid as a treatable cause of
      acute or persistent renal insufficiency is stressed.

PMID- 6598055
TI  - Two patients with abnormalities of regional sympathetic nervous tone.
AB  - The traditional biochemical tests of sympathetic nervous system function used in
      clinical diagnosis (urine and plasma catecholamine measurements) are indices of
      "overall" sympathetic nervous activity, and incapable of detecting localised
      changes in sympathetic tone confined to individual organs. Recently developed
      radiotracer methods, which enable the pattern of sympathetic nervous dysfunction
      in disease states to be delineated, were used to detect abnormalities in regional
      sympathetic nervous system activity in two patients presenting problems in
      management. In one, the abnormality of sympathetic function was iatrogenic, a
      post-sympathectomy denervation of the lower regions of the body, associated with
      incapacitating postural hypotension. In the other, unexplained persistent sinus
      tachycardia proved to be due to an increase in sympathetic nervous tone
      restricted to the innervation of the heart. Knowledge of the underlying
      sympathetic nervous pathophysiology in these patients influenced the choice of
      drugs subsequently used in their treatment.

PMID- 6598056
TI  - Acute epiglottitis in childhood: report of an increased incidence.

PMID- 6598057
TI  - Enteritis and Reiters syndrome associated with Yersinia enterocolitica.

PMID- 6598058
TI  - Fine needle marrow aspiration.

PMID- 6598059
TI  - Negligence and the physician (the Arthur E. Mills Oration).

PMID- 6598060
TI  - Negligence and the physician.

PMID- 6598061
TI  - Splenic injury: splenectomy or splenorrhaphy or no operation at all.

PMID- 6598062
TI  - Gastro-oesophageal reflux and respiratory disease: the place of the surgeon.
AB  - The association between gastro-oesophageal reflux (GER) and respiratory disease
      is well studied and established. A causal relationship, except in the case of
      clear cut aspiration, continues to elude proof but is supported by an increasing
      body of clinical experience. Barium oesophagram is the logical first test to
      demonstrate reflux, to rule out distal obstruction, and to provide good imaging
      of the oesophagus. Extended (24 h) oesophageal pH monitoring has proven to be the
      most reliable test in our hands for the identification of abnormal reflux. The
      false negative rate with this test was 12%, and false positives were seen only 6%
      of the time. Radionuclide scintigraphy offers the theoretical possibility for
      absolute correlation between reflux and aspiration, but in practice the results
      have been disappointing. Where other treatment measures have failed and where
      objective tests and clinical evidence point to the probability that respiratory
      disease is reflux-induced, anti reflux surgery is justified and most often
      strikingly successful. A Nissen fundoplication with a loose wrap and a short cuff
      is still the standard treatment for antireflux surgery. Long term follow-up
      suggests the benefits of antireflux surgery outweigh the occasional complications
      and side effects where operation is performed to control otherwise intractable
      reflux-associated symptoms.

PMID- 6598063
TI  - Abdominal trauma in children.
AB  - This paper reviews the clinical records of 99 children admitted to hospital over
      a 12 year period after significant abdominal trauma. Most were in the 8-10 years
      old group and there were almost twice as many boys as girls. Laparotomy was
      necessary in one-third of the patients. There were seven deaths in the series,
      all of whom had multiple injuries. There were no deaths as a consequence of intra
      abdominal injury alone.

PMID- 6598064
TI  - Experience with the management of splenic injuries.
AB  - This paper reviews the experience of treating 128 patients with splenic trauma
      over a 10 year period. All patients were aged under 16 years and all except one
      had sustained non-penetrating abdominal injuries. The diagnosis was established
      at operation or by spleen scan or by angiography but the decision to operate was
      made on clinical grounds. Patients who were stable on admission or after initial
      resuscitation were managed expectantly. In patients requiring surgery for massive
      bleeding or for other injuries the spleen was repaired whenever possible. Only
      29% of patients required operation and in three quarters of these patients the
      spleen was able to be preserved. Delayed rupture of the spleen did not occur in
      the non-operative group and septic complications have not been observed in any
      survivors. There were 14 deaths in the series, 11 from severe head injury and
      three from massive haemorrhage.

PMID- 6598065
TI  - Oesophageal substitution.
AB  - Fourteen patients with oesophageal atresia, either isolated or with tracheo
      oesophageal atresia have had reconstruction using a reversed gastric tube,
      developed from the greater curvature of the stomach. The technique of the
      procedure and the results in these patients are described.

PMID- 6598066
TI  - Surgical management of primary aldosteronism (Conn's syndrome), a correctable
      cause of hypertension.
AB  - Clinical, operative and pathological findings in a series of 18 patients with
      aldosterone producing adrenal cortical adenomas are reviewed. All patients
      presented with hypertension and hypokalaemia. The main challenges in preoperative
      diagnosis were to differentiate primary aldosteronism from other causes of
      hypokalaemia, such as diuretic therapy, to establish the presence of a discrete
      adenoma and to localize the tumour to the left or right adrenal gland. A high
      rate of success was achieved in predicting a surgical diagnosis of aldosterone
      producing adenoma. This was attributed to thorough biochemical evaluation of the
      underlying metabolic state by measurement of renal potassium handling and by
      determining the responses of the renin-aldosterone axis to changes in sodium
      balance. Preoperative tumour localization, using adrenal phlebography or
      scintiscanning, was accomplished in only eight cases. Our experience suggests
      that the transabdominal approach is preferable for cases in which a unilateral
      lesion is not clearly identified by imaging techniques.

PMID- 6598067
TI  - Endoscopic sphincterotomy for common bile duct calculi.
AB  - A series of 74 patients having endoscopic sphincterotomy for common bile duct
      calculi is reported. Complete stone extraction was achieved in 53 cases (72%).
      Seventeen of 21 patients with retained calculi following recent biliary surgery
      had successful extractions (80%). Of 30 patients having had a cholecystectomy, 21
      (70%) were successful, but only 15 of 23 patients with obstructive jaundice and
      no previous biliary surgery had the ducts cleared of calculi. Failure was due to
      multiple stones in the duct, or calculi too large to pass through the
      sphincterotomy. Endoscopic sphincterotomy is advocated in patients with
      obstructive jaundice due to stones, moving to early surgery should it prove
      unsuccessful. The results in patients with a T-tube in situ are comparable to
      extraction of the calculi along the T-tube tract.

PMID- 6598068
TI  - Experience with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.
AB  - The case of 54 percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainages performed at The Royal
      Melbourne Hospital were reviewed. There were 15 preoperative (short term) and 35
      long term drainages. In 50 cases successful drainage was established. There was a
      satisfactory fall in the mean serum bilirubin levels after the procedure. A
      variety of complications both minor and major were encountered.

PMID- 6598070
TI  - A reliable method of closure of urethral fistula after hypospadias repair.
AB  - A reliable two stage method of closure of proximal urethral fistulas after
      hypospadias repair is described. It has been successful in five patients, four of
      whom had recurrent fistulas after failure of simpler methods of closure.

PMID- 6598069
TI  - One millimetre polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex) as a microvascular prosthesis:
      technique and early patency.
AB  - We have described a technique for grafting 1 mm internal diameter
      polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex) to the rat femoral artery. By spatulating the
      ends of the recipient artery and completing the proximal anastomosis before
      commencing the distal one, gentle and accurate suture placement is assured. At a
      mean of 40 days postoperatively (range 35-42 days) 16 of 20 Gore-Tex grafts (80%)
      were patent compared with 17 of 20 autogenous femoral vein grafts (85%).
      Examination of the prosthetic grafts by light microscopy and scanning electron
      microscopy showed incomplete development of a cellular lining and some areas of
      neo-intimal hyperplasia. One millimetre Gore-Tex provides excellent early patency
      as a microvascular graft in this experimental setting but long term patency is
      still undetermined.

PMID- 6598071
TI  - A pitfall with the EEA stapler in vertical banded gastroplasty.
AB  - This report details an intraoperative complication with the anvil of the EEA
      stapler in the course of a Mason vertical banded gastroplasty for morbid obesity.
      It was unrecognized by the operating team, and resulted in prolongation of the
      procedure, excessive manipulation of the stomach, and the use of a second EEA
      stapling instrument.

PMID- 6598072
TI  - Crohn's disease presenting as a perforated Meckel's diverticulum.

PMID- 6598073
TI  - Carpal tunnel syndrome due to dystrophic calcification.

PMID- 6598074
TI  - A case of enterogenous cyst associated exomphalos.

PMID- 6598075
TI  - Enhancement of carcinogen-induced chromosome breakage and sister chromatid
      exchange by 13-cis-retinoic acid.

PMID- 6598076
TI  - Studies of lymphocyte subpopulations and their clinical implications.

PMID- 6598077
TI  - Experimental application of a human fibrin glue in oral surgery.

PMID- 6598078
TI  - [Characteristic ultrastructural aspects of the surface of various dental plaque
      bacteria].

PMID- 6598079
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy of the extension of odontoblastic prolongations in
      dentin canaliculi].

PMID- 6598080
TI  - Patho-morphological studies on the buccal pit.

PMID- 6598081
TI  - [Scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy studies of the effects of
      a solution of trichloroacetic acid on human radicular dentin].

PMID- 6598082
TI  - [Histologic contribution to the study of the hypomineralisation of human dental
      enamel].

PMID- 6598083
TI  - [Current research on anti-caries vaccination in man].

PMID- 6598085
TI  - Sex ratio in juvenile periodontitis: the value of epidemiological studies.

PMID- 6598084
TI  - [Global electromyographic study of the labial system in man. Comparative
      motricity of the upper and lower labial system. Influence on facial morphology].

PMID- 6598086
TI  - The attachment level as a measure of early periodontitis.

PMID- 6598087
TI  - The frequency of dental examinations in the general dental service in
      Gloucestershire, England.

PMID- 6598088
TI  - The relationship between social class and caries experience in five-year-old
      children in Newcastle and Northumberland after twelve years' fluoridation.

PMID- 6598089
TI  - Guidelines for prevalence studies of dental caries.

PMID- 6598090
TI  - Genetic and phenotypic markers of tumors (second annual ICOG meeting). Abstracts.

PMID- 6598091
TI  - Post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage. A retrospective study of 1150 operations.
AB  - The medical records of 1150 tonsillectomized patients were retrospectively
      reviewed for registration of the frequency of post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage in
      relation to sex and age of the patients, the indications for tonsillectomy, and
      the operative experience of the surgeon. The number of post-operative bleeds
      requiring surgery was 32 (2.8%) and occurred most frequently in young men and in
      patients with a history of previous peritonsillar abscess undergoing cold
      tonsillectomy. The frequency of haemorrhage in abscess tonsillectomy was not
      higher than expected. As previous studies have demonstrated that abscess
      tonsillectomy is associated with a minimal risk of spreading the infection or
      other serious complications, it is suggested that abscess tonsillectomy should be
      the preferable treatment of peritonsillar abscess.

PMID- 6598092
TI  - [Metastases of malignant tumors to the jaw region].

PMID- 6598093
TI  - [Comparison of pathogen spectrum and resistance behavior in odontogenic
      infections and wound infections in 1972 and 1982].

PMID- 6598094
TI  - [Frequency analysis as an objective parameter for speech diagnosis in patients
      with velopharyngeal insufficiency].

PMID- 6598096
TI  - [The osteoplastic approach in apicoectomy of the mandibular molar].

PMID- 6598095
TI  - [Nasal endoscopy--a method for objective assessment of velopharyngeal closure].

PMID- 6598097
TI  - [Planning basics and operational tactics in chin correction].

PMID- 6598098
TI  - [Post-operative radiation in scar corrections in the head and neck region].

PMID- 6598099
TI  - Histocompatibility antigen combinations in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The frequencies of HLA-A, -B, -C, DR and MT lymphocyte alloantigens in clinical
      and serologic subsets of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were determined in 65
      Caucasian patients with definite or classical disease and compared to frequencies
      observed in normal individuals. The elevation in frequency of several antigens
      controlled by different genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
      suggested that combinations of antigens may be associated with RA. Significant
      associations were found for HLA-A1-DR4 and A1-MT2 (p less than 0.001), Bw40-DR4
      (p less than 0.002) and Cw3-DR4 (p less than 0.001). The results indicate that
      combinations of genes in the MHC are influential in predisposing to RA.

PMID- 6598100
TI  - Clinical and immunogenetic subsets of psoriatic arthritis.
AB  - Relationships between clinical features of psoriatic arthritis and HLA antigens
      were examined in 60 patients. HLA-B locus antigens, Bw38, B17, B27 and possibly
      Bw39 were significantly increased, while HLA-D and DR specificities were not. Cw6
      was not studied. The relative risk for disease was doubled in patients having B27
      plus a psoriatic HLA antigen. HLA-Bw38 correlated with young age of onset for
      psoriasis and arthritis, asymmetrical peripheral involvement, and, along with
      B27, combined peripheral/axial disease. While B17 was also associated with young
      onset psoriasis, arthritis onset was later and symmetrical in pattern. Certain
      clinical subsets of psoriatic arthritis may relate to HLA status, and disease
      susceptibility appears to lie closer to HLA-B than to HLA-D.

PMID- 6598101
TI  - Diminished peripheral blood monocyte DR antigen expression in systemic lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - We have studied DR expression on peripheral blood adherent cells, that consist of
      greater than 95% nonspecific esterase positive monocytes, of 50 systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE) patients. DR expression was determined using anti-DR antibody
      and complement mediated cytotoxicity. DR expression by SLE cells was
      significantly less than normal (p less than 0.001). There was no significant
      correlation between diminished DR expression and clinical activity or steroid
      treatment of the SLE patients. The DR expression on monocytes from seven patients
      that had elevated serum interferon levels was either in the normal range or above
      normal. DR expression by unstimulated SLE monocytes incubated for 3 days in vitro
      spontaneously decreased to 23 +/- 4% which was comparable to 31 +/- 4% for
      controls. The addition of interferon containing concanavalin A stimulated
      mononuclear cell culture supernatant (Con A sup) only partially prevented this
      decrease and yielded 49 +/- 7% DR+ SLE monocytes as compared with 69 +/- 6% DR+
      control monocytes after 3 days of incubation (P less than 0.02). Addition of
      indomethacin to cells incubated with Con A sup did not significantly increase SLE
      monocyte DR expression, suggesting that prostaglandins did not play an important
      role in reducing in vitro DR expression by SLE cells. The reasons for the
      depressed SLE adherent cell DR expression remain unclear, as well its possible
      affect on immune responses. Further study of SLE monocytes may provide clues to
      understanding the disease.

PMID- 6598102
TI  - Immunoglobulin-G deposits at the dermal-epidermal junction in secondary
      (traumatic) fibromyalgia syndrome.

PMID- 6598103
TI  - [Frequency of post-traumatic permanent injuries to the deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6598105
TI  - [Effect of grafts of demineralized allogenic dentin on the healing of the
      postextraction alveolar socket in rabbits].

PMID- 6598104
TI  - [Epidemiological and clinical aspects of the prevalence of HBs antigens and anti
      HBs antibodies in dentists].

PMID- 6598106
TI  - [Saliva--its biological role, composition and secretory mechanism. I. The
      function and secretion of saliva].

PMID- 6598107
TI  - [5 cases of partial or complete dislocation of the teeth, conservatively
      treated].

PMID- 6598108
TI  - [Telegammatherapy in patients with oral carcinoma].

PMID- 6598109
TI  - [Midline tumours of the neck].

PMID- 6598110
TI  - [Index of bruxism intensity].

PMID- 6598111
TI  - [Degeneration of the articular disc of the temporomandibular joint in relation to
      age and dental status].

PMID- 6598112
TI  - [Epidemiological study of dento-occlusal disorders. Criteria accepted by WHO in
      the International Study on Dental Health Care Systems].

PMID- 6598113
TI  - [Evaluation of the usefulness of the Snyder test to determine caries progression
      in a group of workers in the copper plant in Glogow].

PMID- 6598114
TI  - [Methods for the measurement of tooth length and root canal length in endodontic
      treatment].

PMID- 6598115
TI  - [The problem of deciduous dental caries in nursery school children in Lublin].

PMID- 6598116
TI  - [A case of central permanent incisor injuries treated orthodontically].

PMID- 6598117
TI  - [The healing process after gingivoplastic and alveoloplastic surgery].

PMID- 6598118
TI  - [Free grafts of the palatal mucosa in the prevention of gingival recession in
      young patients].

PMID- 6598119
TI  - [The condition of periodontal tissues and the anatomical structure of the oral
      vestibule in children from a Zakliczyn village].

PMID- 6598120
TI  - [Submandibular adenopathy and periodontal disease].

PMID- 6598121
TI  - [Changes in the mouth in scleroderma].

PMID- 6598122
TI  - [Dental practice and social security in belgium].

PMID- 6598124
TI  - [A French dental team for Chad].

PMID- 6598125
TI  - [A rare case of gingival elephantiasis].

PMID- 6598123
TI  - [Are nickel-chromium alloys toxic?].

PMID- 6598126
TI  - [Root canal preparation using ultrasound. Topographic evaluation using scanning
      electron microscopy].

PMID- 6598127
TI  - [Causes of failure of ceramic and ceramo-metal pontic prostheses].

PMID- 6598128
TI  - [Electromyographic studies of typical and atypical deglutition].

PMID- 6598129
TI  - [Dento-alveolar radioscopy: new imagery].

PMID- 6598130
TI  - [Use of atenolol in tooth extraction for hypertensive and coronary patients].

PMID- 6598131
TI  - [Effect of fluoride on the growth and adherence of Streptococcus mutans].

PMID- 6598132
TI  - [Roentgenographic study of the involvement of gingival carcinoma of the lower
      jaw].

PMID- 6598133
TI  - [Evaluation of the use of microsurgical technics in oral and maxillofacial
      surgery].

PMID- 6598134
TI  - [Effect of oral inoculation of Candida albicans in white rats].

PMID- 6598136
TI  - [Improvements in the treatment of tooth root fracture].

PMID- 6598135
TI  - [Surgical correction of hyperplastic deformities of the mandibular condyle and
      condylar neck--analysis of 59 cases].

PMID- 6598137
TI  - [Cephalometric analysis of anterior open-bite and its clinical significance].

PMID- 6598138
TI  - [Effect of several methods of sterilizing dental instruments on the elimination
      of HBsAg].

PMID- 6598139
TI  - [Prevention of Frey's syndrome following parotidectomy].

PMID- 6598140
TI  - [One-step therapy for the infected root canal and apex lesion--analysis of 124
      cases].

PMID- 6598141
TI  - [Maxillofacial desmoid tumor--report of 4 cases].

PMID- 6598142
TI  - [Chromosomal analysis of erythroid progenitor cell colonies (BFU-E) in chronic
      myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6598143
TI  - [Establishment and observation on the S7811 cell line from a patient with acute
      myelomonocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6598144
TI  - The development of lung function in Sydney children: effects of respiratory
      illness and smoking. A ten year study.
AB  - The lung function of 11,497 Sydney schoolchildren was measured at regular
      intervals over a ten year period. The prevalences of respiratory illness in
      infancy and childhood and cigarette smoking in teenage years were documented and
      the effects on lung function assessed. Using maximal expiratory flow at 50% of
      forced vital capacity (V 50), small but persisting changes in lung function were
      found in both males and females who had had bronchitis and/or asthma before the
      age of 2 years. Subsequent bronchitis had an additional effect on lung function
      in these children with early respiratory illness. Subsequent asthma had the
      greatest effect on lung function and the deficit increased as these children
      approached adult life. Deficits in lung function attributable to smoking were
      found in some children by the age of 14 years and occurred in children with
      previously normal lung function. Smoking in children who had a history of asthma
      was associated with severe abnormalities of lung function.

PMID- 6598146
TI  - [Applicant selection procedures for the Masters course].

PMID- 6598145
TI  - Histochemical research into the facial caruncle of the Muscovy duck (Cairina
      moschata domestica L.) and its relationship with the adrenal glands and gonads.
AB  - Histochemical studies carried out on prepuberal and adult, males and females,
      Muscovy ducks (the Black ancestral variety) showed that the beginning of the
      facial caruncle is caused mainly by local androgenic activities. In adult males,
      support for this organ comes from the steroid hormones originating from the
      adrenal gland and testis. In adult females, caruncular androgenic activity also
      seems to be necessary for the support of this organ.

PMID- 6598147
TI  - [Modern analytical procedures in dental materials research].

PMID- 6598148
TI  - Running a dental laboratory. Part two: being self-employed.

PMID- 6598149
TI  - Up the creek.

PMID- 6598150
TI  - The relative radiographic appearance of the stylohyoid ligament complex.

PMID- 6598151
TI  - Clinical and radiographic study of multiple miliary osteomas of the skin.

PMID- 6598152
TI  - Prevalence of premaxillary supernumerary teeth in Norwegian children: a
      radiographic study.

PMID- 6598153
TI  - The greater palatine foramen in periapical radiographs imaged with the bisecting
      angle technique.

PMID- 6598154
TI  - Nasal cytology of patients with hypertrophic inferior conchae in panoramic
      radiographs.

PMID- 6598155
TI  - Ensuring intellectual vitality in the 1990s.

PMID- 6598156
TI  - Anterior crowns: principles and practice. 2. Endodontic treatment.

PMID- 6598158
TI  - [Forensic expert opinion on implants].

PMID- 6598157
TI  - An investigation into dental pain.

PMID- 6598159
TI  - HLA antigens in North Indians with idiopathic ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 6598160
TI  - Role of calcium in prostaglandin induced contractile activity in rat uterus.

PMID- 6598161
TI  - [Electromyographic studies on the effect of occlusal splints of 2 different
      constructions on normal subjects].

PMID- 6598162
TI  - [Tooth movement in rats during a calcium and vitamin D deficient regimen].

PMID- 6598163
TI  - [Histo-biochemical changes during tooth movement under controlled fed rat].

PMID- 6598164
TI  - [The chin region under a chin cap in Macaca irus].

PMID- 6598165
TI  - [Electromyographic study of the effect of canine riser occlusal treatment in a
      patient with bruxism].

PMID- 6598167
TI  - [Effects of gamma-irradiation on the in vitro development of mouse embryos in the
      early somitic stage].

PMID- 6598166
TI  - [Effect of additional pressure stimulation of periodontal receptors on the
      topognosis of human teeth].

PMID- 6598168
TI  - [Roller bottle culture of mouse embryos explanted at 9 days of gestation].

PMID- 6598169
TI  - High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of a series of salivary alpha
      keto acids by gradient elution.

PMID- 6598170
TI  - Stability of salivary alpha-keto acids.

PMID- 6598171
TI  - [2 cases of mandibular protrusion with numerous congenitally missing teeth].

PMID- 6598172
TI  - Case of the month. Chronic hyperplastic gingivitis.

PMID- 6598173
TI  - Interpret your X-rays. Primary cancer of the mandible.

PMID- 6598174
TI  - The changing pattern of oral disease in India--the need for a preventive
      approach.

PMID- 6598175
TI  - The problem of dental caries and periodontal disease in India.

PMID- 6598176
TI  - Measures for the prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease in the
      country.

PMID- 6598177
TI  - Public health orthodontics for the developing nations.

PMID- 6598178
TI  - Maternal anxiety and child behavior on first visit to dental office.

PMID- 6598179
TI  - A study of prevalence and severity of dental caries in children of different
      intelligence quotient levels.

PMID- 6598180
TI  - A new natural source for topical fluoride.

PMID- 6598181
TI  - Dental departments of medical colleges for teaching MBBS.

PMID- 6598182
TI  - Absence of triradius d on the palm of a leprosy patient.
AB  - An extremely rare finding of absence of digital triradius d in a case of
      borderline tuberculoid leprosy from Maharashtra is reported with review of
      literature.

PMID- 6598183
TI  - Dermatoglyphics in leprosy (I. Finger patterns).
AB  - Finger dermatoglyphic patterns were studied in leprosy families selecting
      patients and controls from each family. A total of 100 leprosy cases (50 of TT/BT
      types and 50 of BL/LL types) and 100 control subjects were investigated. While a
      statistically significant association was noted with some finger patterns (loop
      ulnar, loop radial, loop twin and loop central pocket) in the lepromatous type,
      no such association was observed with the finger patterns in the tuberculoid
      type.

PMID- 6598184
TI  - [Clinical usefulness of monoclonal antibody, CA 125 and CA 19-9 in ovarian
      cancer].

PMID- 6598185
TI  - [Clinical review of the jaw cysts--special reference to the primordial cyst].

PMID- 6598187
TI  - [Single unit activity in cortical masticatory area during natural masticatory
      movement in cats].

PMID- 6598186
TI  - [Response properties of the tooth pulp-driven neurons in the primary
      somatosensory cortex (SI) in the cat].

PMID- 6598188
TI  - [Synaptic basis of cortically induced rhythmical activity of hypoglossal
      motoneurons in cats].

PMID- 6598189
TI  - [Effects of radiographic systems used on the accuracy of endodontic
      measurements].

PMID- 6598190
TI  - [A three-dimensional study on alignment of upper permanent buccal teeth during
      the period of buccal teeth exchange].

PMID- 6598192
TI  - [Fuji computed radiography in dental radiography].

PMID- 6598191
TI  - [Subgingival plaque control].

PMID- 6598193
TI  - [Antigenicity of dental materials].

PMID- 6598194
TI  - [Light-curing type hard resins for crown].

PMID- 6598195
TI  - [Bone resorption and bisphosphonates].

PMID- 6598196
TI  - [Physicochemical stability of colors used inside of the maxillofacial
      prosthesis].

PMID- 6598197
TI  - Intrathoracic lymphadenopathy in malignant lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia.

PMID- 6598198
TI  - DNA methylation versus gene expression.
AB  - Vertebrate DNA is methylated at a high proportion of cytosine residues in the
      sequence CpG, and it has been suggested that the distribution of methylated and
      non-methylated CpGs in a given cell type influences the pattern of gene
      expression in those cells. Since a DNA methylation pattern is normally
      transmitted faithfully to daughter cells via cell division, this idea suggests an
      origin for stable, clonally inherited patterns of gene expression. This article
      discusses some of the current evidence for a relationship between DNA methylation
      and gene expression. Although the evidence is incomplete, it appears already that
      the relationship is variable: transcription of some genes is repressed by the
      presence of 5-methylcytosine at certain CpGs, and may be controlled by
      methylation, while transcription of other genes is indifferent to methylation. In
      attempting to explain this variability it is helpful to adopt an evolutionary
      perspective.

PMID- 6598199
TI  - [An analysis of hypoglossal motor nerve activity induced by sensory stimuli to
      the tongue].

PMID- 6598200
TI  - [The clinical effects of various desensitizing agents on hypersensitive dentin].

PMID- 6598201
TI  - [A small-sized power unit experimentally made for the Medical-Nikkor (200mm, F
      5.6)].

PMID- 6598202
TI  - [An experimental study of the adaptation of porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns made
      from nonprecious alloys. A study using embedding and cutting].

PMID- 6598203
TI  - [Dental findings in the Silver syndrome: a case report].

PMID- 6598204
TI  - [The management of atypical pain in the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6598205
TI  - [Indications for endodontic periapical surgery].

PMID- 6598206
TI  - [Long-term prognosis of childhood leukemia. An analysis of 728 cases in 1967
      1977].

PMID- 6598207
TI  - [Cytogenetic studies on chronic myelocytic leukemia. Evolution of clones with
      additional Ph1 chromosome detected by a large number of karyotype analysis].

PMID- 6598208
TI  - [Studies on monocytes in acute leukemia. Changes in absolute counts and in
      staining with alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase].

PMID- 6598209
TI  - [A case of acute myelogenous leukemia with megakaryocytosis--identified by
      platelet peroxidase].

PMID- 6598210
TI  - [An autopsy case of chronic myelogenous leukemia with megakaryoblastic
      transformation].

PMID- 6598211
TI  - A note on gene frequency estimation in the ABO and ABO-like system.

PMID- 6598213
TI  - Chemotherapy: oral hygiene measures for resulting stomatitis.

PMID- 6598212
TI  - The results of twelve years of continuous fluoridation in Memphis, TN.

PMID- 6598214
TI  - How to write a sales letter.

PMID- 6598215
TI  - Overcoming objections: sale begins with a "No".

PMID- 6598216
TI  - What kind of manager are you?

PMID- 6598217
TI  - 'Feast or famine': how to handle slow work periods.

PMID- 6598218
TI  - Maternal HLA immunization during pregnancy: presence of anti HLA antibodies in
      half of multigravidous women.
AB  - The frequencies of lymphocytotoxic antibodies i.e. anti HLA-ABC antibodies and
      anti HLA-DR antibodies, were studied in 66 women at delivery. They were,
      respectively, 18.2% and 9% in the first pregnancies, 27.3% and 4.5% in the second
      pregnancies, 50% and 27.3% in the multigravidous women (third pregnancy and
      more). The frequencies of anti HLA-DR antibodies were lower than those of the
      anti HLA-ABC antibodies and both seemed to increase with the number of
      pregnancies. The specificity of anti HLA-DR antibodies could be defined in only a
      few cases. The high frequencies of anti HLA-ABC antibodies compared with most
      reports in the literature can be explained by the higher sensitivity of the
      microlymphocytotoxicity technique used in this study. As patients with
      demonstrable anti-HLA immunization have shorter random graft survival than
      patients without demonstrable antibodies, this screening could have clinical
      application for an improved policy of selecting "acceptable mismatches" in
      recipients of kidney allograft transplants.

PMID- 6598219
TI  - [Monitoring of cardiac function in anthracycline therapy in childhood].

PMID- 6598220
TI  - [Neutropenia in glycogenesis I B].
AB  - Type IB Glycogen storage disease (GSD) is a new variant of type I Glycogen
      storage disease. It is characterized by same clinical findings: hepatomegaly,
      fasting hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, lactic acidosis, renal
      enlargement, short stature; but it distinguish for normal glucose-6-phosphatase
      hepatic activity in vitro. The involvement is in G-6-P transport system. Recently
      has been described in some patients with GSD IB, neutropenia and defective
      neutrophil mobility. In this report the authors described two family cases of GDS
      IB that one characterized by severe neutropenia.

PMID- 6598221
TI  - [Unusual metastasis of a malignant hypernephroma to the orofacial region].

PMID- 6598222
TI  - [The journal "General Dental Practice" in 1961-1980].

PMID- 6598223
TI  - [Esthetics in restorative ceramics and metallo-ceramics (II)].

PMID- 6598224
TI  - [Orthodontic advice. Diverse, minor orthodontic measures (V)].

PMID- 6598225
TI  - [Significance of surface roughness in metal ceramics--as shown in the example of
      the fired CoCr alloy, Dentitan].

PMID- 6598226
TI  - [Ideas, concepts and results of a survey of dentists].

PMID- 6598227
TI  - [Chronic myeloid leukemia treated with busulfan. Clinical characteristics,
      prognostic factors, effect of treatment and survival in 82 cases].

PMID- 6598228
TI  - Foetal steroid sulphatase deficiency. A case report.
AB  - A normal healthy male infant was delivered by caesarian section because of low
      maternal urinary oestrogen excretion. Postnatal follow up showed that the child
      developed ichthyosis and that there was a family history of x-linked recessive
      ichthyosis. It is suggested that unexplained low urinary oestrogens should prompt
      enquiry about a family history of 'dry skin'.

PMID- 6598229
TI  - [Anatomical study of the root canal of anterior teeth--with special reference to
      the marrow canal and apical ramifications].

PMID- 6598230
TI  - [Buccal and lingual aspects of the clinical crown of the mandibular 2d deciduous
      molar].

PMID- 6598231
TI  - [An experimental study on the dynamic traits of dehydrated mandibles in relation
      to Yang's modulus and Poisson's ratio of compact bone].

PMID- 6598232
TI  - [Clinical observation of indirect pulp capping in deep carious lesions].

PMID- 6598233
TI  - [The longitudinal study of interdental space in the deciduous dentition. 1. The
      maxillary arch].

PMID- 6598234
TI  - [Therapeutic results in non-T non-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the adult
      with intensive postremission chemotherapy].

PMID- 6598235
TI  - [Treatment of acute refractory lymphoblastic leukemia in the adult with VM-26 and
      ARA-C].

PMID- 6598236
TI  - [Acute leukemia in Venezuela. Study of the frequency of subtypes of acute
      leukemia by the FAB classification in the State of Zulia].

PMID- 6598238
TI  - [Grinding therapy in general dental practice].

PMID- 6598237
TI  - [Acute refractory lymphoblastic leukemia in the adult. Treatment with
      daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, 6-thioguanine, vincristine and prednisone].

PMID- 6598239
TI  - [Treatment variants for post-extraction pain].

PMID- 6598241
TI  - [Analysis of variance studies of the sulcus temperature to clinical
      periodontologic parameters].

PMID- 6598240
TI  - [Histomorphologic studies of chemical osteosynthesis with "Kanokolit-B" in
      experimental mandibular fractures].

PMID- 6598242
TI  - [Implementation of hygiene requirements in dental care].

PMID- 6598243
TI  - [Screening of periodontal disease using test paper for occult blood in the saliva
      (Salivaster bld)].

PMID- 6598244
TI  - [Statistical observation of endodontic therapy in clinical practice. 2. The
      effect and progress of treatment].

PMID- 6598246
TI  - [Changes in dental students' consciousness concerning medical ethics during their
      6 years at school--study results of a questionnaire at the School of Dental
      Medicine, Tsurumi University. 1].

PMID- 6598245
TI  - [Dimensional changes in composite resins used to fill cavities under dry and wet
      conditions].

PMID- 6598247
TI  - [Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia].

PMID- 6598248
TI  - [The significance of auditory brain stem potentials in otoneurology].

PMID- 6598249
TI  - [Characteristics of bacterial contamination of experimental gunshot wounds].

PMID- 6598250
TI  - [Precancerous diseases of the larynx].

PMID- 6598251
TI  - [Clinical and morphologic characteristics of cysticercosis of the central nervous
      system].

PMID- 6598252
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the restoration of traumatic defects of the incisal and
      middle third of the crown of the front teeth using light-polymerized Heliosite].

PMID- 6598253
TI  - [Use of continuous registration of the heart rate in evaluating the degree of
      internal stress during various physical activities].

PMID- 6598254
TI  - [Statistical survey of work at the Military Medicine Academy during 1983].

PMID- 6598255
TI  - Symposium on Rhinovirus pathogenesis. Charlottesville, December 14-15,1983.

PMID- 6598256
TI  - A method for measuring polymorphonuclear leukocyte concentrations in nasal mucus.
AB  - A method is described for measuring polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)
      concentrations in expelled nasal mucus. Nasal mucus specimens (0.05-0.15 ml) were
      diluted 1:60 in Hank's balanced salt solution. Diluted mucus was vigorously
      agitated to disperse contained cells, and cells were counted in a hemocytometer.
      The mean PMN counts in nasal mucus from healthy young adults was 7.1 X 10(6)
      PMNs/ml mucus, but large daily fluctuations were observed in PMN counts in the
      same individual. This method may be useful to investigate inflammatory conditions
      of the nasal cavity.

PMID- 6598257
TI  - Experimental otitis media with effusion. Proceedings of the international
      conference, Lovangers Kyrkstad, August 17-20, 1983.

PMID- 6598258
TI  - Atopic allergy and otitis media with effusion.
AB  - To investigate the possible role of type 1 allergy in OME, the immunoglobulin E
      (IgE) content was determined in 58 middle ear effusions and matched sera,
      obtained from children with otitis media with effusion (OME). The IgE levels were
      assayed for IgE by the Phadebas paper radio immunosorbent test (PRIST). Eight
      cases (14%) showed elevated serum IgE levels, such that an atopic disorder was
      very likely. However, in nearly all cases the effusion/serum ratio (E/S) was less
      than one, showing a higher IgE level in the serum than in the effusion. A
      modified PAP technique for determining surface IgE on mast cells is presented.
      Positive results were obtained on nasal mucosa specimens in atopic patients with
      OME but further research on middle ear mucosa in OME is needed. Our results fail
      to support the concept of type 1 allergy as a major causative factor in OME.

PMID- 6598259
TI  - Mast cells in the pars flaccida of the tympanic membrane.

PMID- 6598260
TI  - Experimental otitis media in guinea pigs. Serum antibody response to Bacteroides
      fragilis, Propionibacterium acnes and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius upon
      challenge.
AB  - The production of antibodies in serum was studied after inoculation of
      Bacteroides fragilis, Propionibacterium acnes or Peptostreptococcus anaerobius
      into the middle ear of guinea pigs. Inoculation of B. fragilis resulted in IgG
      and IgM serum antibodies at an early stage of the infection, while IgA antibodies
      were seldom detected and at a later stage. In contrast, inoculation of P. acnes
      or P. anaerobius induced no serum antibody response. Of these three species B.
      fragilis induced the most intense otitis, whereas P. anaerobius failed to induce
      otitis.

PMID- 6598261
TI  - Relevant and irrelevant predisposing factors in secretory otitis media.
AB  - A prospective epidemiologic study in 2065 healthy children aged 21/2 to 6 years
      to determine the incidence of secretory otitis media (SOM) also provided
      information about the role of various factors that are suggested to predispose to
      SOM. The results of this study were compared with earlier reports by other
      authors. The factors could be classified into four groups: predisposing factors
      without any doubt, factors without any significant influence on SOM,
      controversial factors, and factors that are not sufficiently documented.
      Particular attention is paid to upper respiratory tract infections, systemic
      disorders, age, race, sex, maturity at birth, environmental factors, consumption
      of antibiotics and genetic predisposition.

PMID- 6598262
TI  - Tympanic membrane changes after repeated insertions of ventilation tubes.

PMID- 6598263
TI  - Consequences of ventilation tube treatment.

PMID- 6598264
TI  - Tympanosclerosis of the ear drum in secretory otitis media.
AB  - Tympanosclerosis of the ear drum in children with SOM differs from normal ear
      drums in children with SOM. In tympanosclerosis the numbers of fibroblasts,
      fibrocytes and macrophages are increased in lamina propria and in the submucosa.
      The collagen microfibrils and procollagen filaments have increased in numbers
      with a partly disorganized pattern. Fibrolysis of microfibrils is conspicuous and
      hyaline degeneration appears in areas. Calcareous deposits are found scattered to
      a limited extent in lamina propria and in the submucosa. Profound calcification
      could only be found in children with tympanosclerosis coexisting with chronic
      perforation of the ear drum.

PMID- 6598265
TI  - Bone resorption in cholesteatomas. An experimental study.
AB  - A model for studying different aspects of human cholesteatomas in vivo in the
      immunodeficient "nude' mice is described. Epithelial-mesenchymal interaction was
      studied in human cholesteatoma membranes, transplanted to the flank region.
      Findings of cystic lesions lined by stratified keratinizing epithelium were
      frequent and the connective tissue reaction were weak. Furthermore human
      cholesteatomy membranes were transplanted into the middle ear cavity of the
      "nude' mice. After 21-28 days bone resorption was shown in the labyrinthine
      capsule, not always with sign of inflammation.

PMID- 6598266
TI  - Short-term effects of local anaesthetic agents on the structure of the rat
      tympanic membrane.
AB  - Topical agents used in office procedures for tympanic membrane anaesthesia have
      been considered to cause damage to the membrane. Four different anaesthetic
      agents have been compared as regards their histopathological effects for a period
      of up to 2 weeks after application. An etching effect is obvious when using these
      clinically potent agents, but it seems reversible and does not leave remaining
      structural changes.

PMID- 6598267
TI  - The tympanic membrane.

PMID- 6598268
TI  - The attic space--its development and some species differences.
AB  - The attic space of the rat has been described. The lateral attic compartment is
      connected with the rest of the middle ear through a narrow opening--the isthmus
      tympanicus. Part of this lateral compartment seems to correspond to Prussak's
      space in the human. The attic space develops later than the rest of the middle
      ear cavity and is not fully developed until the external auditory canal is
      established. Most mammals seem to have an attic space similar to that of the rat.
      The size of pars flaccida relative to that of pars tensa, however, differs
      between species. It is interesting to note that an extremely earthbound animal
      such as the hedgehog has an extremely large pars flaccida, whereas guinea pig,
      emanating from high altitude life, has its pars flaccida converted into bony
      lamella. In this context it is also noteworthy that the bird investigated has
      only a rudimentary pars flaccida. On the basis of the presented findings it is
      tempting to speculate that the attic space is of importance for the pressure
      equilibration of the middle ear cavity. The space needs to be ventilated. If not
      sufficiently ventilated, pathological conditions affecting this part of the
      middle ear cavity may start. To obtain conclusive evidence for these
      suppositions, further research is needed. Such studies are already in progress.

PMID- 6598269
TI  - The anatomy of the Eustachian tube.
AB  - Most important for opening/closure mechanisms of the Eustachian tube (ET) in rat
      is probably the mucosal part with its nasopharyngeal orifice, which consists of
      two lips of soft tissue. From this part of the tube the tensor veli palatini, the
      levator veli palatini and the salpingopharyngeus muscles originate. The macro-
      and microanatomy of the rat ET seems to correspond well with that described for
      man. Hence the rat seems to be an adequate model for continuing experimental
      studies on the ET.

PMID- 6598270
TI  - Biochemical pathology of otitis media with effusion.
AB  - The sequential cytologic and biochemical events of middle ear effusion (MEE) were
      studied in experimental models of serous otitis media (SOM) and purulent otitis
      media (POM) in chinchilla. In the SOM model, the initial appearance of
      neutrophils was followed by macrophages. In the POM model, neutrophils were the
      predominant cells in MEE and the number of neutrophils was about 100-fold higher
      than in the SOM model. The activity of lysozyme in MEE was higher in POM than in
      SOM and correlated with the number of neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes. The
      results of the present study suggest that neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes
      are one of the main sources for lysozyme levels in MEE during otitis media.

PMID- 6598271
TI  - Experimentally induced otitis media with effusion.

PMID- 6598272
TI  - The mucoperiosteum of the middle ear in experimentally induced sterile otitis
      media.
AB  - The effect of Eustachian tube obstruction has been studied in germ-free rats.
      This model proved to be a reliable approach by which to study the isolated effect
      of tubal occlusion without the interference of infection. The effects on the
      middle ear structures are characterized mainly by stratification and hyperplasia
      of the epithelium, a transient increase in the periosteal activity,
      tympanosclerotic-like changes and accumulation of cholesterol in the middle ear
      fluid. No increase in the number of secretory elements could be registered during
      an observation period of 2 years.

PMID- 6598273
TI  - Eustachian tube function.

PMID- 6598275
TI  - Symposium on recurrent tonsillitis.

PMID- 6598274
TI  - Functional aspects of mast cells, mediator contents and mediator effects.

PMID- 6598276
TI  - Functional morphology of tonsillar crypts in recurrent tonsillitis.
AB  - The cryptal epithelia contained three types of micropores (termed microcrypt) in
      association with free cells. Type III microcrypts appeared between ordinary
      epithelial cells with microridges and "specialized epithelial cells". The
      specialized epithelial cells consist of ciliated cells and non-ciliated cells
      having secretory granules and pinocytotic vesicles. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)
      was taken up by phagocytes which protruded from the microcrypt and the
      superficial squamous epithelial cells with pinocytotic vesicles of idiopathic
      hypertrophic tonsils. It is suggested that Type III microcrypts have two
      contradictory functions. One is an active absorption of exogenous antigens; and
      the other is an exclusion of exogenous invasions according to mucociliary
      function. In recurrent tonsillitis, HRP was remarkably detected in the dilated
      stratified squamous epithelial clefts, epithelial tunnels, subepithelial layers
      and in the lumen of the high endothelial venules. The occurrence of sclerotic
      germinal centres in recurrent tonsillitis, and in focal infection, was greater
      than in idiopathic tonsillar hypertrophy, whereas the incidence in appearance of
      specialized epithelial cells was less frequent in acute tonsillitis than in
      recurrent tonsillitis, and in focal infection.

PMID- 6598277
TI  - Postnatal maturation of the cat cochlear nuclear complex.

PMID- 6598278
TI  - Dieting in teenage schoolgirls. A longitudinal prospective study.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to demonstrate what far-reaching consequences
      dieting may produce in teenage girls and to determine whether there is a direct
      relation between dieting and the development of anorexia nervosa. The study took
      the form of a longitudinal prospective investigation of dieting teenage
      schoolgirls over a 10-year observation period, particularly as regards physical
      and mental state of health and general psychosocial development. The
      questionnaire study underlying the present work--entitled "The feeling of being
      fat and dieting in a school population"--was published in 1971 by Ingvar
      Nylander. With the aim of determining how often teenagers feel overweight, how
      often they diet and how often they develop disorders from dieting, Nylander
      interviewed 2370 students (1129 boys and 1241 girls). His study was published in
      Acta Socio-Medica Scand 1971, 1. In the present work a primary material of 130
      girls was selected from the dieting schoolgirls and 111 of these were examined by
      the author. The methods included a personal interview, examination of physical
      and mental health, an EEG examination and an intelligence test. Moreover,
      information was obtained concerning the subjects from their parents and from
      school health records and hospital case records. A follow-up study was done 10
      years later, in which 97 of the subjects were again examined by the author while
      12 subjects merely answered a questionnaire. The methods used were very similar
      to the foregoing ones. The subjects' dieting behaviour was evaluated on the basis
      of an anorectic behaviour scale. Further information was obtained from hospital
      case records. The overall situation of the subjects was evaluated on the basis of
      case histories and of data from case records concerning heredity, environment,
      psychosocial adjustment, state of health and findings on examination. Some of the
      subjects had had a dieting problem for a long time; they had generally dieted for
      short but repeated periods, but, in most cases, with little effect on their
      weight. Some patients had developed anorectic behaviour, or even AN, others did
      not. The former group had shown such behaviour at an early stage--or other signs
      of mental insufficiency--while the latter group was healthy and during dieting
      periods developed neither anorectic behaviour nor anorexia nervosa. Thus no
      direct causal relation between dieting and anorexia nervosa could be
      demonstrated. If dieting is caused by mental insufficiency, this may lead to the
      development of anorectic behaviour and/or anorexia nervosa.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      400 WORDS)

PMID- 6598280
TI  - Sectorized psychiatry. A methodological study of the effects of reorganization on
      patients treated at a mental hospital.
AB  - The aim of the study was to find relevant methods and use them to investigate the
      effects of sectorized psychiatry on former mental hospital patients. Seventeen
      hypotheses were formulated, concerning both positive and negative effects of
      sectorized psychiatry. Relevance and expected availability decided the variables,
      which were based on information from medical registers, case records, death
      certificates, social authorities, courts of law, public health insurance, census
      office and personal interviews. The hypotheses were tested by the use of two
      groups of patients, 377 in one experimental group, and 377 in one control group.
      A matched control method was used. The study patients were domiciled in the
      catchment area for the first complete trial of sectorized psychiatric service in
      the Stockholm area. The control patients were domiciled in the catchment area for
      the remaining divisions of Beckomberga Mental Hospital. During the actual years,
      an experimental situation was at hand. Comparisons in each pair were performed,
      regarding the experimental year 1980. A methodological description of variables
      for measurement of the effects and changes in psychiatric care is presented. The
      comparison showed no significant differences in the analyses, regarding
      utilization of inpatient care at Beckomberga Hospital in 1980. Study patients had
      significantly more outpatient visits and day-care days compared to controls.
      Study patients reported significantly shorter time of public transportation
      between home and psychiatric service. Study patients were significantly more
      often discharged to the division's own agencies compared to controls. Study
      patients reported significantly less satisfaction with ward staff than controls.
      No significant differences in direct cost of treatment during the experimental
      year were registered. The conclusion is, that there are no consistent tendencies
      proving the new organization superior to the traditional one for these former
      mental hospital patients.

PMID- 6598279
TI  - Project report. Results and policy implications of the cross-national
      investigation: Rethinking Infant Nutrition Policies under changing Socio-Economic
      Conditions.

PMID- 6598282
TI  - [Translational distal shifting of the upper molars using headgear].

PMID- 6598281
TI  - [Qualitative and quantitative parameters proposed for roentgenocephalometric
      analyses in Zagreb].

PMID- 6598283
TI  - [Postoperative complications after treatment of oro-antral fistulas].

PMID- 6598284
TI  - [Tensile strength testing of acrylics after various polymerization technics].

PMID- 6598285
TI  - [Morphological variations in the roots of 1st and 2d mandibular molars].

PMID- 6598286
TI  - [Microbiological studies of soft deposits on the teeth of patients with chronic
      renal failure].

PMID- 6598287
TI  - [Risk factors and the possibilities of their elimination in burning mouth].

PMID- 6598288
TI  - [Hormonal aspects of burning tongue--case report].

PMID- 6598289
TI  - [Continuing dental education--concepts and realizations].

PMID- 6598290
TI  - [Time and order of eruption of permanent teeth in children of the Split region].

PMID- 6598291
TI  - [The correlation of various parameters on the status of fixed dentures in
      patients during their 1st examination].

PMID- 6598292
TI  - [The effect of light reflection on the color of the teeth].

PMID- 6598293
TI  - [Recording of mandibular movements with the Panadent (quick analyser) articulator
      system].

PMID- 6598294
TI  - [The effect of a medicinal herb mouthwash on inflamed gingival tissue].

PMID- 6598295
TI  - [Histologic evaluation of the biologic tolerance of zinc oxyphosphate cement].

PMID- 6598296
TI  - [A program measures for complex caries prevention].

PMID- 6598298
TI  - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

PMID- 6598297
TI  - Method for selective labeling of cholera toxin binding region.

PMID- 6598299
TI  - Epidemiologic lessons from viral hepatitis B.

PMID- 6598300
TI  - An acquired immune deficiency syndrome of macaque monkeys.

PMID- 6598301
TI  - Prodromal syndromes in AIDS.

PMID- 6598302
TI  - Kaposi's sarcoma in Sardinia: an epidemiologic and genetic investigation.

PMID- 6598303
TI  - Considerations in searching for the cause of AIDS.

PMID- 6598304
TI  - The effects of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome on gay lifestyle and the
      gay individual.

PMID- 6598306
TI  - Stress: prodrome to immune deficiency.

PMID- 6598305
TI  - The prevention of AIDS by modifying sexual behavior.

PMID- 6598307
TI  - Public response and public health: scientific, social and political
      interdigitations. Special session.

PMID- 6598308
TI  - Epidemiological aspects of acquired immune deficiency syndrome in France.

PMID- 6598310
TI  - A perspective on AIDS cases among health care workers.

PMID- 6598309
TI  - High-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients with AIDS.

PMID- 6598311
TI  - Malignancies in the AIDS patient: natural history, treatment strategies, and
      preliminary results.

PMID- 6598312
TI  - The impact of AIDS on the voluntary blood donor system: a preliminary analysis.

PMID- 6598313
TI  - The histopathological changes in the thymus gland in the acquired immune
      deficiency syndrome.
AB  - Histologic study of the thymus glands from patients who have died of AIDS reveals
      changes consistent with an organ-specific immune complex attack by polyclonal
      immunoglobulins directed against the thymic epithelial cells, Hassall's
      corpuscles, and certain subsets of thymocytes. This results in marked
      architectural alteration: there is eventual disappearance of the corpuscles, the
      epithelial cells become spindled with pyknotic nuclei, there is thymocyte
      depletion and patchy fibrosis, and there is loss of the normal corticomedullary
      demarcation. These changes are characteristic and are not found in the normal
      aging process of the thymus gland. The blood levels of thymic peptides are
      abnormal. There appears to be specific immunoglobulins directed against thymic
      epithelial cells, Hassall's corpuscles, and certain subsets of T lymphocytes. The
      end result appears to be both a histologic and functional thymic disorder. If
      this is correct, then appropriate therapy for AIDS may be thymic peptide
      replacement or even thymic transplantation.

PMID- 6598314
TI  - Inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by sera from rectally inseminated male
      rabbits.

PMID- 6598315
TI  - AIDS and "slow viruses".

PMID- 6598316
TI  - Control of transferrin mRNA synthesis in Sertoli cells.

PMID- 6598317
TI  - Structure and expression of androgen-regulated genes in mouse kidney.

PMID- 6598318
TI  - Organization and expression of genes encoding prostatic steroid binding protein.
AB  - We have cloned the genes for prostatic steroid binding protein to study the
      mechanism whereby their expression is regulated by testosterone. The genes for
      the C1 and C2 polypeptides are probably unique whereas there are two genes C3(1)
      and C3(2) for the C3 polypeptide of which only the former is transcribed in vivo.
      The state of DNA methylation associated with the two genes for C3 also differ,
      insofar as C3(1) is demethylated in ventral prostate from 14-28 days of age,
      whereas the C3(2) gene remains hypermethylated. The organization of all four
      genes is similar and appreciable DNA sequence homologies suggest that they may
      have arisen from a single ancestral gene. To study C3 expression and its hormonal
      regulation we have introduced the cloned genes into mouse S115 cells, an androgen
      responsive cell line. Both genes were accurately transcribed and their expression
      was stimulated up to fivefold by 10(-8) M testosterone in approximately one third
      of the clones tested. To delineate the site of action of the hormone we have
      constructed chimeric genes consisting of putative C3 promoters and regulatory
      sequences together with a marker gene, interferon. This chimeric gene resulted in
      interferon production but its expression was stimulated by less than twofold in
      all clones tested. Therefore, these results indicate that, in mouse cells,
      testosterone does not interact directly with the rat C3 promoter but, in certain
      clones, may act post-transcriptionally.

PMID- 6598319
TI  - The modulation of sperm metabolism and motility by factors associated with eggs.

PMID- 6598321
TI  - Cytometric analysis of shape and DNA content in mammalian sperm.

PMID- 6598320
TI  - Factors that regulate the development of testicular autoimmune diseases.

PMID- 6598322
TI  - Functional maturation of rat testis Leydig cells.

PMID- 6598323
TI  - Maturation of the human testicular response to hCG.

PMID- 6598324
TI  - Molecular properties of the androgen receptor in rat ventral prostate.
AB  - Results from these studies demonstrate that we have purified a protein from rat
      prostate cytosol that is similar to the beta-protein (complex II) but different
      from the alpha-protein (complex I) reported by Liao et al. The purified receptor
      was different from androgen binding protein (ABP) in that ABP has a faster
      dissociation rate (6 min), a lower pI value (4.6), and requires higher
      concentrations of ammonium sulfate for precipitation (40-50%) than the prostatic
      androgen receptor. It is not likely that we have purified a serum sex-steroid
      binding protein since no such protein is found in rat serum. This report presents
      a rapid and efficient procedure for the purification of androgen receptor from
      rat ventral prostate. However, the present procedure only allowed us to obtain a
      limited quantity of purified receptor from each preparation. It is obvious that
      we need to scale up the purification of the receptor in order to study in detail
      its physicochemical properties and to produce monospecific antibodies against the
      protein. This work is in progress. In addition, we have demonstrated that two
      affinity labels can be used to bind covalently to the androgen receptor. Most
      importantly, these compounds can be used to characterize androgen receptors under
      both nondenaturing and denaturing conditions and represent useful tools for
      future work with androgen receptor proteins and androphilic proteins in general.

PMID- 6598325
TI  - Extracellular matrix in testicular differentiation.

PMID- 6598326
TI  - Effect of substrate on the shape of Sertoli cells in vitro.

PMID- 6598327
TI  - Cooperativity between Sertoli cells and peritubular myoid cells in the formation
      of the basal lamina in the seminiferous tubule.

PMID- 6598328
TI  - Gonadotropin replacement therapy in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

PMID- 6598329
TI  - Relevance of sperm maturity detection in gonadotropin treatment.

PMID- 6598330
TI  - The response of prolactin to chlorpromazine: use in the differential diagnosis of
      hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and delayed puberty.

PMID- 6598331
TI  - An ultrastructural study of the cytoplasmic bridges between germ cells of the
      canine testis.

PMID- 6598332
TI  - Further observations on the microfilament bundles of Sertoli cell junctional
      complexes.

PMID- 6598333
TI  - A simple method for quantitative analysis of human testicular biopsies from epon
      sections.

PMID- 6598334
TI  - Effect of age and illness on LH bio/immuno ratio.

PMID- 6598335
TI  - Idiopathic post-pubertal LH deficiency.

PMID- 6598336
TI  - Circulating immune complexes and antisperm antibodies in vasectomized and
      vasovasostomized rhesus macaques.

PMID- 6598337
TI  - Characterization of human sperm antigens using monoclonal antibodies.

PMID- 6598338
TI  - Rat spermatogenesis in vitro traced by live cell squashes and monoclonal
      antibodies.

PMID- 6598339
TI  - Genetic control of steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in inbred mice.

PMID- 6598340
TI  - Sequential analysis of the epididymal sperm maturation process in the boar.

PMID- 6598341
TI  - Glucose metabolism in rat germ cells: mechanism of action of gossypol.

PMID- 6598342
TI  - Effect on pregnancy outcome of suppression of spermatogenesis by testosterone.

PMID- 6598343
TI  - Spermatogenic cells in the germinal epithelium utilize alpha-ketoisocaproate and
      lactate, produced by Sertoli cells from leucine and glucose.

PMID- 6598344
TI  - Disorders of androgen receptor function.

PMID- 6598345
TI  - Characteristics of Leydig cells and macrophages from developing testicular cells.

PMID- 6598346
TI  - "Antigonadal" activity of the neurohypophysial hormones: direct in vivo
      regulation of Leydig cell function.

PMID- 6598347
TI  - Testicular tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity: high levels in purified
      Leydig cells.

PMID- 6598348
TI  - A model system to study the morphogenic and steroidogenic effects of various
      gonadotropins on the Leydig cell of the boar.

PMID- 6598349
TI  - Changes in testosterone hydroxylase activity in rat testis following
      administration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.

PMID- 6598350
TI  - Microsomal cytochrome P-450 enzyme damage in cultured Leydig cells: relation to
      steroidogenic desensitization.

PMID- 6598351
TI  - Expression of pro-opiomelanocortin-like gene in the testis and Leydig cell lines.

PMID- 6598352
TI  - Regulation of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity by human chorionic
      gonadotropin, androgens, and antiandrogens in cultured testicular cells.

PMID- 6598353
TI  - Gonadotropic regulation of aromatase activity in the adult rat testis.

PMID- 6598354
TI  - Induction of testicular development in the fetal mouse ovary.

PMID- 6598355
TI  - Ornithine decarboxylase mRNA in mouse kidney: a low abundancy gene product
      regulated by androgens with rapid kinetics.
AB  - We have used ODC gene expression in mouse kidney as the biological marker for
      studies of early androgen action. Some of the characteristics of this regulation
      involve its strict androgen specificity, the dependency on functional androgen
      receptors, the lack of requirement for pituitary hormones, and the ability of
      physiological androgens to bring about activation of the ODC gene. Some recent
      findings have revealed an additional intriguing feature in the regulation of ODC
      gene expression in that androgen sensitivity of ODC stimulation is genetically
      regulated in the mouse kidney (unpublished observations). One of the mechanisms
      by which androgens regulate renal ODC synthesis is to increase the concentration
      of ODC mRNA. Increased accumulation of this mRNA was seen as soon as 6 hr after
      testosterone administration, and it peaked 24 hr posttreatment. In general, acute
      changes in immunoreactive ODC concentration and ODC mRNA accumulation had very
      similar kinetics, suggesting that androgens induced de novo synthesis of ODC by
      increasing the rate of ODC gene transcription. In addition, there was always a
      highly significant correlation between the catalytic enzyme activity and
      immunoreactive enzyme protein concentration indicating that androgens do not
      specifically regulate the active site of ODC by either activating or inhibiting
      the enzyme by posttranslational modifications. A typical feature of ODC in
      virtually all eukaryotic tissues is the extremely rapid turnover rate of the
      enzyme with a biological half-life of 10-30 min. However, no direct information
      on the turnover rate of ODC mRNA is currently available, although indirect
      experiments have assigned a half-life of about seven hours for this mRNA. The
      availability of cDNA clones for ODC mRNA measurements will now permit us to
      address this question more directly, and also to investigate a possible role of
      androgens in the stabilization of ODC mRNA. In this regard it is of interest to
      note that chronic treatment of mice with pharmacological doses of testosterone
      prolongs the half-life of ODC protein four- to tenfold.

PMID- 6598356
TI  - Factors that influence the interaction of androgen receptors with nuclei and
      nuclear matrix.

PMID- 6598357
TI  - [Local application of prostaglandin E2 for cervical maturation].

PMID- 6598358
TI  - Microwave tissue coagulation for the treatment of advanced inoperable sarcoma.

PMID- 6598359
TI  - Normal handling of phosphate in the salivary glands of X-linked hypophosphataemic
      mice.
AB  - In X-linked hypophosphataemia (Hyp gene) there is reduced renal tubule re
      absorption of phosphate and an osteomalacic bone disorder. To determine whether
      altered phosphate transport also occurs in the salivary gland, saliva was
      analysed from normal and Hyp mice at 10 weeks of age. The effect of plasma
      inorganic phosphate on the composition of saliva was controlled by placing both
      genotypes on either a control diet or a low-P diet for three days. Inorganic
      phosphate, total phosphate, calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, amylase, sialic
      acid, protein, osmotic pressure, percentage water, percentage inorganic solids
      and sample volume were measured. The Hyp mice fed the control diet showed a
      significant decrease in salivary-inorganic phosphate, total phosphate, osmotic
      pressure and sialic acid. These four variables were similarly lower in the normal
      mice fed the low-phosphate diet. The changes seem to stem from the low plasma
      inorganic phosphate and not from expression of the Hyp gene in the salivary
      gland. The total evidence from various organ systems suggests that the altered
      phosphate transport in X-linked hypophosphataemia may be restricted to the kidney
      and is not a generalized phosphate-transport deficiency.

PMID- 6598360
TI  - The small molecular weight, gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein of
      rabbit bone tissue.
AB  - The major gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein of rabbit cortical bone
      isolated and purified from near-neutral (pH 7.5) EDTA-extracts by DEAE-cellulose
      and Sephadex G 75 column chromatography had a molecular weight of about 5600
      based on integral amino-acid composition; this was confirmed by high-performance
      liquid chromatography. The purified protein had high glutamic acid and aspartic
      acid contents, two to three residues of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid per molecule
      and zero levels of serine, threonine, methionine, histidine and tryptophan.
      Equilibrium dialysis indicated that the protein has a weak affinity for calcium
      ions with a formation constant of 1515 M-1 at I 0.15, pH 7.5, 25 degrees C with a
      binding capacity of 2 mol calcium per mole protein.

PMID- 6598361
TI  - In-vivo dental plaque-forming ability and relative cariogenicity of the bacteria
      Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus sanguis I and II in mono-infected
      gnotobiotic rats.
AB  - Sixteen strains of Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguis I and Strep.
      sanguis II were tested for cariogenic potential and in-vivo plaque-forming
      ability in a gnotobiotic WAG/RIJ rat test system. All strains produced far less
      fissure plaque in vivo than strains of Streptococcus milleri or Streptococcus
      mutans. There was less extracellular matrix around cells of Strep. mitis or
      Strep. sanguis than around Strep. mutans, in the fissures. Dense sheets of cells
      were observed only with Strep. mutans. Some localized colonization of exposed
      smooth surfaces occurred with most strains. Strep. mitis produced no caries in
      three tests, low-caries scores in two tests and high-caries scores in one test. A
      single strain of Strep. mitis produced a highly-cariogenic variant able to
      ferment raffinose. Strep. sanguis I induced low-levels of caries in 12 tests; one
      test of NCTC 7865 produced moderate levels of caries, and another test of 311
      produced no caries. Strep. sanguis 311 was dextran-negative. Strep. sanguis II
      strains induced no caries in three tests, low caries scores in six tests and
      moderate levels of caries with Strep. sanguis 402. No strain of Strep. mitis or
      Strep. sanguis was able to induce smooth-surface lesions.

PMID- 6598362
TI  - Diurnal variation of sialomucin concentration in female mouse submandibular
      glands measured by radioimmunoassay.
AB  - The validity of a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the predominant sialomucin from
      female mouse submandibular glands was confirmed by immunological and non
      immunological approaches. The maximum sensitivity was in the low nanogramme
      range. The RIA did not cross-react with parotid, sublingual, trachea, stomach or
      colon tissues, but showed incomplete cross-reactivity with duodenal tissue. An
      analysis of protein, sialic acid and mucin contents of submandibular glands
      obtained during diurnal samplings, indicated that mean sialic acid and mucin
      concentrations, relative to protein in sample groups, decreased overnight approx.
      30 per cent and showed a net increase during the day. Sialic acid per gland
      showed a 3-fold variation among individuals in the population; mucin showed
      greater than 20-fold variation. An analysis of variation indicated that influence
      by time of day was the greatest factor affecting sialic-acid concentrations and
      was statistically significant but, variation in mucin concentration was not.
      Variation between individuals accounted for more than 90 per cent of the total
      population variation in mucin concentrations and in sialic acid to mucin ratios.
      Regression analyses of the sialic acid to mucin ratios at different times of day
      suggested that the rates of replenishment of sialic acid and mucin may be co
      ordinated.

PMID- 6598363
TI  - A radioautographic study of the effect of age on the protein-synthetic and bone
      deposition activity in interparietal sutures of male white mice.
AB  - Groups of male white mice were killed at 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 weeks of age 2 h
      after intraperitoneal injection with [3H]-proline. Radioautographic analysis of
      sections of the interparietal suture demonstrated significantly greater protein
      synthetic activity in the para-osseous zones relative to the middle zone (p less
      than 0.01) and a plateau of lower protein-synthetic activity by 7-8 weeks of age
      (p less than 0.05). Groups of mice were selected at 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks of age.
      Each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with [3H]-proline three times at one
      week intervals. Sutural growth rate was determined from incremental lines
      revealed by radioautographs prepared from serial paraffin sections of the
      interparietal suture and demonstrated a stabilization of growth by 8 weeks of
      age. This, together with the grain counting data, suggested that a mouse of 7-8
      weeks would provide a suitable model for experimental studies in sutural
      remodelling response without masking effects by normal growth.

PMID- 6598364
TI  - Changes in axial mobility of undisturbed teeth and following sustained intrusive
      forces in adult monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).
AB  - The axial mobility and changes in rest position were studied over 3-h periods. No
      loads were applied to 10 teeth. All displayed reduction in mobility; eight became
      extruded. Other teeth were displaced into their sockets to a sustained level by a
      screw for 3 h. Mobility decreased for those teeth which were intruded a distance
      equivalent to less than 800 mN force, but increased following greater intrusion.
      It is argued that vascular changes played no part; it is more likely that
      aggregation of proteoglycans occurred in the periodontal ground substance when
      there was little or no displacement of the tooth. Displacement would have
      generated tension in the collagen fibres of the periodontal ligament, leading to
      smaller proteoglycan molecules being formed and a consequent increase in
      mobility.

PMID- 6598365
TI  - A phenomenological interpretation of the frequency-dependent impedance behaviour
      of bovine dental enamel.
AB  - The permeability of dental enamel can be estimated by means of diffusion
      measurements with radio-isotopes. Because of the low intrinsic permeability of
      enamel membranes, determination via this route may take two weeks. A much faster
      electrochemical method is presented, in which the real and imaginary part of the
      membrane impedance are measured at discrete intervals in the frequency-range 1 Hz
      1 MHz. Using the principles of network-analysis, a phenomenological
      interpretation of these electrochemical data in terms of a 6-parameter model is
      given. The model contains R0, the intrinsic membrane resistance, R infinity, the
      residual membrane resistance and the four parameters, necessary to describe the
      postulated enamel diffusion impedance, which bears strong resemblance to the
      Warburg impedance. Starting from this model, optimal estimates (with standard
      errors) of a membrane's R0 and vmax (the log of the frequency where the imaginary
      part of the membrane impedance is maximal) were derived. These parameters were
      predictors of the permeability of enamel.

PMID- 6598366
TI  - Uptake of fluoride by human surface enamel from ammonium bifluoride and
      consequent reduction in the penetration in vitro by caries-like lesions.
AB  - In-vitro fluoride uptake by mid-coronal, premolar enamel surfaces from topically
      applied solutions of NH4HF2 was determined using a multi-electrode system for
      fluoride and calcium analyses. In tooth surfaces dehydrated with 100 per cent
      ethanol before the topical application of 1 per cent aqueous NH4HF2, there was a
      2-3-fold increase in fluoride concentration up to a depth of 50 microns and
      fluoride enhancement to a total depth of 100 microns into the enamel. Caries-like
      lesions were induced in vitro in both treated and untreated enamel by the use of
      acidified, 6 per cent hydroxymethyl-cellulose gel containing 0.04 per cent
      hydroxyapatite at pH 4.5. After 120 days exposure, the mean depth of lesion
      penetration in the controls was 149 (+/- 34) microns. No lesions occurred in half
      the treated specimens; in specimens with lesions, the mean depth of penetration
      was 19 (+/- 3) microns. Thus, NH4HF2 was a potent inhibitor of caries-like lesion
      formation in vitro.

PMID- 6598367
TI  - Relationship between human enamel structure and the formation of caries-like
      lesions in vitro.
AB  - Caries-like enamel lesions were produced in deciduous and permanent human teeth
      by exposure to acidified hydroxymethyl-cellulose gel, pH 4.5, for 21 days. Mean
      lesion depth was significantly greater in deciduous than in permanent enamel, in
      agreement with previous studies. The greater lesion depth in deciduous enamel was
      associated with greater mean prism-junction density and mean volume fraction of
      interprismatic enamel, as measured by planimetry of scanning electron
      micrographs. The greater susceptibility of deciduous enamel appears to be due to
      greater porosity. The order of lesion depths in vitro among permanent teeth
      suggests that in vivo the pattern of caries incidence among the various tooth
      types is governed mainly, not by intrinsic susceptibility but by other factors,
      such as morphology and salivary composition and flow rate. Some of the variation
      in caries incidence between individuals and between contralateral teeth may,
      however, be due to variations in intrinsic susceptibility.

PMID- 6598368
TI  - Relationship between dietary habits and caries increment assessed over two years
      in 405 English adolescent school children.
AB  - The study was conducted in seven schools on children initially aged 11.5 years.
      They recorded their diet on five occasions, each of three days, and received an
      annual dental examination, including radiography. Caries increments were low,
      mostly (58 per cent) in fissure surfaces. Correlations between caries increment
      and dietary factors were low due to the low caries increments observed and the
      large error associated with dietary data where analyses attempt to discriminate
      between individuals. The highest correlation was between caries increment and
      weight of daily intake of sugars (+0.143, p less than 0.01). Multivariate
      analyses revealed that this relationship could not be explained by differences in
      sex, social class, tooth-brushing habits or level of plaque as measured by
      gingival inflammation. Weight of sugar intake appeared to be more strongly
      correlated to caries than frequency of intake; concentration of sugars in foods
      was positively related, and sugars in snacks were more strongly related to caries
      than total dietary sugars. The 31 children who consumed most sugar (greater than
      163 g/day) developed 5.0 DMFS during the 2 years, 0.9 DMFS per year more than the
      31 children (3.2 DMFS during 2 years) who had the lowest sugar intake (less than
      78 g/day).

PMID- 6598369
TI  - Potential cariogenicity of Lycasin 80/55 before and after repeated transmissions
      of the dental plaque flora in rats.
AB  - Five successive experiments, with rats fed ad libitum on diets containing sucrose
      or Lycasin 80/55, were carried out. In experiment I, the rats were inoculated
      with Streptococcus mutans alone or with Strep. mutans in combination with
      Actinomyces viscosus. In three successive transmission experiments (II, III, IV),
      the rats were inoculated with plaque of the rats of the preceding experiment. The
      rats of experiment V were inoculated with the original strains or with plaque
      derived from experiment IV. After five successive transmissions of the plaque
      flora, no alterations were demonstrated in the numbers and percentages of Strep.
      mutans and A. viscosus or in the fermentation rate of Lycasin by the plaque flora
      in vitro. Lycasin 80/55 was virtually non-cariogenic compared with sucrose (p
      less than 0.001) irrespective of whether the rats were inoculated with Strep.
      mutans alone or in combination with A. viscosus, with the original strains or
      with plaque from the preceding experiments with rats on a Lycasin 80/55
      containing diet.

PMID- 6598370
TI  - A mechanical valve assembly for Xenon 133 gas delivery systems.

PMID- 6598372
TI  - Birth-weight distribution of liveborn infants in Hong Kong.

PMID- 6598371
TI  - A glimpse at Chinese obstetrics 1984--why do the Chinese have a low incidence of
      prematurity?

PMID- 6598374
TI  - A review of primary caesarean sections in Tasmania.
AB  - In the years 1975-1982 inclusive there were 55,095 deliveries in Tasmania and of
      these 2,738 patients (4.9%) were delivered by primary Cesarean section. The
      primary Caesarean section rate increased from 4.3% in 1975 to 6.6% in 1982. This
      increase has been due to the increased incidence of primary Caesarean section
      associated with breech presentation and to a lesser extent fetal distress.
      Although the overall perinatal mortality rate fell from 19.5 per 1,000 births in
      1975 to 10.8 per 1,000 births in 1982, there has been no corresponding fall in
      the perinatal mortality rate associated with primary Caesarean section. As an
      increase in Caesarean section will lead to an increase in maternal mortality and
      morbidity it is considered that an active review of the reasons for the rise in
      Caesarean section should be undertaken by those hospitals where the rate is
      unusually high.

PMID- 6598373
TI  - Health care for all mothers and infants by 2000 AD.

PMID- 6598375
TI  - Changing caesarean section rates. Experience at a Sydney obstetric teaching
      hospital.
AB  - The Caesarean section rate has been rising in Australia in recent years. This
      study compares Caesarean section rates and indications for Caesarean section in 2
      separate 2-year periods, 1970-71 and 1980-81, in a Sydney teaching hospital. The
      Caesarean section rate increased from 6.4% to 16.2% in this decade. Dystocia is
      now the most frequent indication for Caesarean section and accounted for 33.2% of
      the increase in rate while fetal distress contributed 23.8% of that increase.
      Repeat Caesarean section and breech presentation contributed 16.9% and 13.3% of
      the increase respectively. Caesarean section rates for all birthweights
      increased, but particularly in the very small infant and those above 3,500 g.
      Caesarean sections for public patients rose from 3.4% to 9.3% while for private
      patients the rate increased from 12.0% to 20.7%. While there has been some
      convergence of rates for public and private patients during the decade, private
      patients were still twice as likely to have a Caesarean section in 1980-81. The
      contribution of dystocia, as an indication for Caesarean section, to the increase
      in the rate over this period is consistent with recent international experience
      and indicates a strong trend towards procedural intervention.

PMID- 6598376
TI  - Fetal responses to vibrotactile stimulation, a possible predictor of fetal and
      neonatal outcome.
AB  - This study measured the antenatal fetal heart rate changes in response to a
      single vibrotactile stimulus. In a group of 11 normal patients, this resulted in
      a significant change in the fetal heart rate (P less than 0.001). Sixty-eight
      high risk patients were also tested. In the group of 25 patients whose fetuses
      showed no response to the stimulus, there were 4 stillbirths and 4 neonatal
      deaths; 23 of these 25 infants were small for gestational age (SGA) compared to
      only 15 of the 43 that showed a response to the stimulus. Fetal habituation to a
      repeated vibrotactile stimulus was measured in a control group of 40 patients who
      had a normal antepartum and intrapartum course and delivered infants in an
      optimal condition. The same was done in a study group of 48 patients who
      delivered infants that were SGA. These infants were assessed at 1 year of age by
      the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scale (GMDS). Infants that were SGA did not
      differ significantly from the control group. However, infants who had a normal
      antenatal habituation pattern had a significantly better performance (P less than
      0.01) compared to infants who had an abnormal antenatal habituation pattern.

PMID- 6598377
TI  - Indications for the treatment of tubal infertility patients by microsurgery or in
      vitro fertilization.
AB  - Pregnancy rates following the treatment of tubal infertility patients by
      microsurgery or in vitro fertilization (IVF) have been analysed. The results
      indicate that microsurgery should be the primary treatment for the following: (a)
      Sterilization reversal (except fimbriectomies or tubes of less than 3cm length);
      (b) Incomplete lateral tubal occlusion; (c) Medial tubal occlusion; (d) Peritubal
      or periovarian adhesions. IVF is indicated as the primary treatment for tubal
      infertility patients when investigation demonstrates (a) Total lateral tubal
      occlusion; (b) Previous fimbriectomy sterilizations; (c) Reconstructable tubal
      length of less than 3cm.

PMID- 6598378
TI  - Ultrasound imaging in the management of ovulation stimulation.
AB  - The present role of ultrasound imaging in the assessment of ovarian response to
      gonadotrophin therapy was assessed by comparing a group of patients in whom
      ultrasound was used to determine suitability of follicles for induction of
      ovulation with a group in whom ultrasound was not available. Ultrasound provides
      new and useful information, and may allow a reduction in the incidence of
      multiple pregnancies.

PMID- 6598379
TI  - Induced lactation in adoptive mothers.
AB  - The results of a pilot study of 6 women who undertook breast feeding their
      adopted infants are discussed, with a review of methods available for inducing
      lactation if this form of infant feeding is undertaken. It is concluded that
      whilst induced lactation can be successful for the mother and baby, further
      studies are necessary before conclusive advice can be given that this technique
      is effective and safe.

PMID- 6598380
TI  - Fulguration versus resection of experimental endometrial peritoneal implants in
      the rat.
AB  - Endometriosis was induced in 20 rats. Treatment by diathermy was compared to
      treatment by microsurgical resection of endometrial implants. No significant
      differences were found between the 2 groups regarding ovulation, nidation index
      or pregnancy rates but significant difference in the extent of adhesion formation
      after surgery was evident. There were fewer adhesions in the microsurgical group.
      As the adhesions here were periuterine (and not peritubal as in the human) this
      could explain the lack of impact on the actual fertility of these rats.

PMID- 6598382
TI  - Trial of 16,16 dimethyl trans delta 2 prostaglandin E1 methyl ester vaginal
      pessaries for management of second trimester fetal death.

PMID- 6598381
TI  - Cervical occlusion due to adhesions following therapeutic abortion: an uncommon
      sequel to vacuum curettage.
AB  - Eleven women were referred with postabortal amenorrhoea and cyclical lower
      abdominal pain due to upper cervical occlusion by a thin band of fibrous
      adhesions. All had undergone first trimester termination of pregnancy by vacuum
      curettage. Associated intrauterine adhesions were found in 2 patients. Cervical
      adhesions were easily breached with a uterine sound and cervical dilators, and
      were then visualized with a hysteroscope. All women resumed normal menstrual
      cycles and suffered no sequelae. This unusual, but eminently treatable,
      complication of vacuum curettage should be more widely appreciated.

PMID- 6598383
TI  - Progression of squamous carcinoma in situ of the vulva to invasive carcinoma
      after systemic bleomycin therapy.

PMID- 6598384
TI  - Kawasaki's disease: a review.

PMID- 6598385
TI  - [Traveler's diarrhea].

PMID- 6598386
TI  - Metastatic pheochromocytoma: "cold" lesions in bone scan.

PMID- 6598387
TI  - On the present and future of cardiology in Puerto Rico.

PMID- 6598388
TI  - [The Medical Center of Puerto Rico: reflections on its possible development].

PMID- 6598389
TI  - Electrocardiogram of the month. Agonal rhythm.

PMID- 6598390
TI  - A biological marker model for predicting disease transitions.
AB  - For patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), the effect of elevated
      blood levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA) is studied as a marker for transitions
      from stable disease to blast crisis and then to death. Data in the form of
      snapshots over time, with day, state of disease, and ADA level, are analyzed for
      55 patients. A simple three-state Markov model with one-way transition
      probabilities dependent on ADA is used to determine if the marker has a
      significant effect on the prediction of changes from stable disease to blast
      crisis.

PMID- 6598391
TI  - [The arterial distribution in the mandible of the rabbit].

PMID- 6598392
TI  - [Comparison between the growth of Veillonella and concentrations of lactate,
      nitrite and pyruvate in the Veillonella culture medium under aerobic and
      anaerobic conditions].

PMID- 6598393
TI  - [Tetrahydropteridine in blood cells of the fetal rat].

PMID- 6598394
TI  - [Kinetics of type III collagen and hydrolytic enzymes in the formation and
      resolution of carrageenan induced granuloma].

PMID- 6598395
TI  - [Ultrastructural studies of annulate lamellae].

PMID- 6598396
TI  - [Effect of triiodothyronine and/or 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone on the
      submandibular gland during postnatal development in female mice].

PMID- 6598397
TI  - [A study of spiral-shaped diamond points for coronal preparation].

PMID- 6598398
TI  - [Problems involved in composite resin restorations in Class 2 cavities--overflow
      of proximal surfaces].

PMID- 6598399
TI  - [Effect of eugenol vapor on the storage of some composite resins].

PMID- 6598400
TI  - [Systemic considerations in the improvement of periodontal disease].

PMID- 6598401
TI  - [The effect of fluoride on new bone formation in rat calvaria. Localization of
      alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase activity].

PMID- 6598403
TI  - [Moire topographical study of the palate in children--growth segment and type of
      the median sagittal plane].

PMID- 6598402
TI  - [Statistical analysis of impacted teeth in the last 3 years at the Department of
      Oral Diagnosis, Josai Dental University Hospital].

PMID- 6598404
TI  - The d-orbitals at the gamma 3+ of SnO2 single crystals.

PMID- 6598405
TI  - Central carcinoma of the maxilla: a case report.

PMID- 6598406
TI  - [2 cases of orthodontically-induced impacted incisors in the dental arch].

PMID- 6598407
TI  - [A case of subretinal hemorrhage due to a softball injury].

PMID- 6598409
TI  - [Risk factors in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and their relation to prognosis].

PMID- 6598408
TI  - Aclacinomycin A.

PMID- 6598410
TI  - [Morphologic subclassification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children].

PMID- 6598411
TI  - [Cytochemical subclassification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children].

PMID- 6598412
TI  - [Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children in Slovakia].

PMID- 6598413
TI  - [Problems of relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

PMID- 6598414
TI  - Detection of coronary arterial lesions by two dimensional echocardiography in
      patients with Kawasaki disease.
AB  - A two-dimensional echocardiographic examination was conducted on 184 patients
      with Kawasaki disease iteratively from the acute phase to the convalescent phase.
      Aneurysms or dilatation of the coronary arteries were observed in 37 patients
      (20.1%). Among these 37 patients, 22 had persistent abnormality even after eight
      weeks from the onset. In the remaining 15 patients, abnormal findings disappeared
      within eight weeks. Coronary angiography was performed on all of these 37
      patients and compared with the findings of echocardiography. In consequence,
      echocardiographic findings were concordant with those of the angiography in 35
      patients. Therefore, the two-dimensional echocardiographic examination is thought
      to be a reliable noninvasive method for evaluating the coronary arterial lesions
      of Kawasaki disease in the acute phase.

PMID- 6598415
TI  - New method for local drug delivery using resorbable base material in periodontal
      therapy.
AB  - A new method for local drug delivery to the subgingival plaque was developed
      using hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) as a base material. Using this material
      prepared in the form of strips containing antimicrobial drugs, the clinical and
      microbiological effects by this method on the human periodontal disease were
      studied. Before the clinical trials, the rate of the drug release from the strips
      was studied. Both drugs used in this study (CH: chlorhexidine and TC:
      tetracycline) were released almost within 2 hours from the strips in vitro. In
      the gingival crevicular fluid, however, it was found that the TC was maintained
      for 24 hours after the local delivery. Five patients who had deep pockets
      contralaterally were selected. The CH-containing HPC strips (5%) were applied in
      one pocket of each patient and the placebo strips were applied in other pocket on
      day 0, 2 and 4. Plaque Index, Gingival Index, probing depth and the presence or
      absence of bleeding on probing were recorded on day 0, 2, 4 and 6. Marked
      reduction of bleeding on probing was found in the pockets applied the CH
      containing HPC strips. There was a significant reduction in the proportion of
      Bacteroides asaccharolyticus in these pockets (p less than 0.01).

PMID- 6598416
TI  - Biochemical and serological studies on oral ureaplasma.
AB  - This study was conducted to study chemically and serologically the
      characteristics of the Ureaplasmas isolated from the human oral cavity. Two
      hundred and fifty-one healthy and 12 periodontitis subjects were examined for the
      incidence of the isolation of Ureaplasmas from their oral cavity. A total of
      twenty-six strains was isolated from the healthy human saliva. But no strains
      could be isolated from a variety of clinical specimens obtained from the
      patients. The serological properties of the isolates were tested by the method of
      metabolism inhibition test (MI test). Seven out of 26 isolates were serologically
      identical with either one of the ATCC standard strains. However, the serological
      types of the other strains could not be demonstrated by the MI test. The
      biological characteristics of 4 isolates and ATCC strains were tested by the
      usual method. The isolates did not metabolize glucose and arginine, while all
      strains hydrolyzed urea. On the other hand, none of the isolates lysed skimmed
      milk and gelatin. The proteolytic activity of the isolates could be demonstrated
      by using casein and horse serum proteins as substrates. Zymogram patterns from
      one of the isolates and Streptococcus salivarius were obtained by polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis of the cells lysed with digitonin or cell protein extracts.
      On the basis of the gel electrophoresis patterns, it is clear that the urease of
      the Ureaplasma is different from that of the Streptococcus salivarius.

PMID- 6598417
TI  - Effect of irradiation with CO2 laser on dog periodontal tissues.
AB  - The effects of CO2 laser irradiation on the premolar and molar vestibular gingiva
      of twenty-one mongrel dogs were studied. The relationship between the irradiated
      energy, damage due to the radiation and the healing process were observed
      macroscopically and microscopically. Bleeding was not observed during radiation.
      The ray did not reach the bone, and damages to the soft tissue could heal easily
      at less than 10 J irradiation. When the irradiation energy was increased higher
      than 20 J the healing process was significantly delayed, and irreversible damage
      to the tooth, partial loss of the alveolar crest and sequestra formation were
      observed in some cases.

PMID- 6598418
TI  - Genetic study on the congenital dislocation of the hip.
AB  - A clinical and epidemiological study on congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH)
      was attempted with a genetic analysis of this condition, and the following
      results were obtained. The frequency of CDH in the general population is 0.08% in
      males and 0.59% in females, the latter being clearly higher. In examining the
      changes in the frequency of CDH over the years using the data reported in the
      literature, a statistically significant tendency for the frequency to decrease in
      more recent years was noted. It was confirmed by the recurrence rate of the
      subsequent sibling and twin data that CDH is a multifactorial disease, and, in
      estimating its heritability, in males h2 = 0.94-1.01 and in females h2 = 1.38,
      which are markedly high estimates exceeding the limit of 1. This is perhaps
      attributable to the small number of patients in this series and to the
      differences in the characteristics between the data on the frequency of CDH in
      the general population and those of the present pedigree study. When the
      corrected value of the frequency in the general population was used in estimating
      the heritability, in males h2 = 0.54 approximately 0.74 and in females h2 = 0.68,
      which are almost identical to the American data.

PMID- 6598419
TI  - Morphometric analysis of sural nerve in elderly diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Biopsy specimens of the sural nerve obtained from 28 middle-aged and elderly
      diabetics suffering from neuropathy were studied morphometrically. Myelinated
      nerve fiber density, especially large fibers, was decreased, and the bimodal
      distribution of myelinated fiber diameter shifted to unimodal distribution
      containing only a small fiber peak and the mean diameter of myelinated fiber was
      decreased. An insulin-treated group and a group with severe retinopathy showed a
      prominent decrease of myelinated fiber density; the severity and duration of
      diabetes may be a factor in this decrease. Large unmyelinated nerve fibers were
      also decreased and the mean diameter of unmyelinated fibers was reduced. Three
      patients with prominent autonomic nervous system symptoms showed a significant
      reduction of total unmyelinated fibers. The linear correlation between the square
      root of the transverse axis cylinder area and the number of myelin lamellae was
      obscured, and the plots were towards two directions, axonal atrophy and
      remyelination in diabetes. The latter process tended to be dominant in the middle
      aged patients, but the importance of these two processes was reversed with age.
      To discuss the morphological changes of the sural nerve in diabetic neuropathy,
      the influence of aging as well as the duration, severity and clinical symptoms
      should be considered.

PMID- 6598420
TI  - [Natural feeding and caries in the deciduous teeth of children up to 3 years of
      age].

PMID- 6598421
TI  - [Effect of fluoride ions on cariogenic bacteria].

PMID- 6598422
TI  - [Enamel mineralization disorders in children undergoing fluoride prevention for
      caries. Clinical studies].

PMID- 6598423
TI  - [Amelogenesis imperfecta of permanent teeth studied by scanning electron
      microscopy and X-ray microanalysis].

PMID- 6598424
TI  - [Effect of birth weight on the time of first deciduous tooth eruption in Lublin
      children].

PMID- 6598425
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of tooth discoloration associated with tartar in children in
      Warsaw elementary schools].

PMID- 6598426
TI  - [Dental health education as an important element of health care in industrial
      workers].

PMID- 6598427
TI  - [Advances in Polish Schools of Dentistry in the conservative treatment of dental
      diseases in the past 2 decades].

PMID- 6598428
TI  - [Aneurysmal bone cysts of the jaws].

PMID- 6598429
TI  - [The usefulness of pantomographs in the treatment of malocclusions developing
      after premature removal of deciduous molars].

PMID- 6598430
TI  - [Changes in the inclination of the incisors during treatment of mesoclusion].

PMID- 6598431
TI  - [Apert's syndrome. Case report].

PMID- 6598432
TI  - [A new method for the automation of endodontic procedures: the Canal Finder].

PMID- 6598434
TI  - [Fire--water damages--theft. Various risks in the dental office (multi-risks and
      loss of income)].

PMID- 6598433
TI  - [Professional responsibility].

PMID- 6598435
TI  - [State of health, access to care and oro-dental treatment. The case of the
      northern region Pas-de-Calais].

PMID- 6598436
TI  - [The molar of Madam M].

PMID- 6598437
TI  - [Epulis. Management].

PMID- 6598438
TI  - [Treatment of pulp gangrene by local endodontic application of metronidazole.
      Results of research].

PMID- 6598439
TI  - [Tolerance of bone tissue to grinazole].

PMID- 6598440
TI  - [Osteopathy in the service of the dental art].

PMID- 6598441
TI  - [Experimentation with Grinazole].

PMID- 6598442
TI  - [Sister chromatid exchange frequency of bone marrow cells and its response to
      indirubin in chronic myeloid leukemia].

PMID- 6598443
TI  - Conscious sedation courses. The University of Sydney.

PMID- 6598444
TI  - Survey of teaching pain and anxiety control on the predoctoral level.

PMID- 6598445
TI  - Malignant hyperthermia. Recognition, prevention and management.

PMID- 6598446
TI  - 12 years of A.S.A.A.S.D.--a survey by Dr. M.J. Priestley.

PMID- 6598447
TI  - Erotic complications in the dental office under anesthesia.

PMID- 6598449
TI  - To all laboratory owners: management is your business.

PMID- 6598448
TI  - Nitrous oxide sedation and sexual phenomena.

PMID- 6598450
TI  - How to get free publicity for your laboratory.

PMID- 6598451
TI  - You, your laboratory, and the 1984 Tax Reform Act.

PMID- 6598452
TI  - Make conventions pay off in information, fun, and taxes.

PMID- 6598453
TI  - Getting out: the end is a beginning.

PMID- 6598454
TI  - [Gonadal dysgenesis and Bloom syndrome].

PMID- 6598455
TI  - [Blood platelet function following gamma globulin infusions in children with
      acute lymphatic leukemia during the remission-maintaining long-term therapy].
AB  - Platelet function tests prior to and post intravenous gammaglobulin infusions
      (i.v. IgG) were performed in 20 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia under
      conventional maintainance therapy. Platelet function was not influenced in 8
      patients with decreased preinfusion IgG-levels. Severe platelet function defects,
      resembling an acquired storage pool disease, post i.v. IgG-infusion, however,
      were observed in 2 of 12 patients with normal preinfusion IgG-levels.

PMID- 6598456
TI  - An approach to diagnosis of hepatic glycogenosis.

PMID- 6598457
TI  - [X-ray computed tomography of pulmonary metastases of an osteogenic sarcoma].

PMID- 6598458
TI  - [Immunohistochemical localization of lactoferrin, lysozyme and secretory
      component in inflamed salivary gland tissues].

PMID- 6598459
TI  - A study on surface features in phosphate-bonded investment (part 2). Surface
      roughness and detail reproducibility.

PMID- 6598460
TI  - [The setting expansion of various investments under external loads (2). A case
      study of phosphate-bonded investment].

PMID- 6598461
TI  - [Candida in denture plaque (1). The relation between Candida in denture plaque
      and denture stomatitis].

PMID- 6598462
TI  - [Composite resins. 1. The effect of water immersion].

PMID- 6598463
TI  - [Fluoride uptake as a basis for the application of mouthrinses. Conditions of
      fluoride uptake in bovine enamel and its acid solubility].

PMID- 6598464
TI  - [Application of calcium phosphate ceramics in vital pulp amputation. I. The
      effect of hydroxyapatite 40 on the formation of a hard tissue barrier].

PMID- 6598465
TI  - [Application of calcium phosphate ceramics in vital pulp amputation. II. The
      effect of hydroxyapatite 300 on the formation of a hard tissue barrier].

PMID- 6598466
TI  - [Application of calcium phosphate ceramics in vital pulp amputation. III. The
      effect of beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramics on the formation of a hard tissue
      barrier].

PMID- 6598467
TI  - Case of the month. Carcinoma of the antrum invading the palate.

PMID- 6598468
TI  - Interpret your X-rays. Adenocarcinoma of the antrum.

PMID- 6598469
TI  - Study of marginal penetration of conventional silver amalgam restorations.

PMID- 6598470
TI  - Tricalcium phosphate bioceramic for the management of labial mandibular undercuts
      -a case report.

PMID- 6598471
TI  - Efficacy of desensitizing agents in dentifrices for hypersensitive teeth.

PMID- 6598472
TI  - Orthodontic treatment in median diastema. A case report.

PMID- 6598473
TI  - Dentists on dentistry.

PMID- 6598474
TI  - Key to productivity: your dental assistant.

PMID- 6598475
TI  - Allergies or colds?

PMID- 6598477
TI  - Composite restorations of posterior teeth--current status.

PMID- 6598476
TI  - Bioceramic implants in osseous defects.

PMID- 6598478
TI  - The influence of prostaglandins upon the umbilical and placental circulation in
      human in vitro.

PMID- 6598479
TI  - Fluoridation--forging the key to caries prevention.

PMID- 6598480
TI  - As good as gold.

PMID- 6598481
TI  - The continuing education of Saudi dentists.

PMID- 6598482
TI  - An alternative treatment for RAS.

PMID- 6598483
TI  - Comprehensive or selective? A dental dilemma.

PMID- 6598484
TI  - Planning for dental health.

PMID- 6598485
TI  - Learning from nature's toothbrush.

PMID- 6598486
TI  - More specialists needed--in general dentistry.

PMID- 6598487
TI  - Cherubism: a diagnostic and orthodontic challenge.

PMID- 6598488
TI  - [Cerebral computed x-ray tomography in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children].
AB  - After analysis of the results of 142 CT brains scans performed from 1976 to 1982
      on children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, we can propose indications for
      this exam in relation with the different clinical stages and evolution of the
      disease. An exam is carried out as soon as possible at the start of the disease
      without injection of contrast media for use as a reference point. Excepting
      complications or neurological localisations, a scan will be performed at the end
      of the third year of treatment, without injection of contrast media, in screening
      for possible iatrogenic lesions. Neurological complications of unknown origin and
      leucoblastic meningitis seems to require a scan with injection of contrast media
      firstly as a mean of diagnosis, and secondly, in case of a cerebro meningeal
      localisation, in order to judge the efficiency of treatment and to screen for
      early complications. Computerized tomography however has its limits, particularly
      in case of purely meningeal leucoblastic infiltration.

PMID- 6598489
TI  - [A new quinolone (pefloxacine) in bronchopulmonary superinfections in cystic
      fibrosis].

PMID- 6598490
TI  - Distribution of citalopram in the blood serum and in the central nervous system
      of rats after single and multiple dosage.
AB  - Distribution in rat tissues of citalopram, a potent and specific inhibitor of
      neuronal 5-HT uptake was uneven. The blood serum level of the drug did not
      reflect its distribution in the brain tissue and in the spinal cord. Prolonged
      administration of citalopram enhanced its blood serum, brain and spinal cord AUC
      values and slowed down its elimination from all investigated tissues. In contrast
      to imipramine, citalopram penetrated easily to the spinal cord.

PMID- 6598491
TI  - [Properties of 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl methacrylate copolymers].

PMID- 6598492
TI  - [Biocompatibility evaluation of biomedical metals using a cell culture test].

PMID- 6598493
TI  - [Anti-atherosclerotic and antihypertensive agents (XI)].

PMID- 6598494
TI  - [Effect of EG-1088, EG-626 and nifedipine on vascular lesions associated with
      hypertension and hyperlipidemia in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
      (SHR-SP)].

PMID- 6598495
TI  - [Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of 18-beta-glycyrrhetinic acid and its
      related compounds].

PMID- 6598496
TI  - [Fatigue properties of the acrylic resin upper complete denture bases].

PMID- 6598497
TI  - An electronic aid for aurally handicapped drivers.

PMID- 6598498
TI  - [Continuous tube viscometry of blood by a polypropylene hollow fiber oxygenator].

PMID- 6598499
TI  - [Relation between daily heart rate fluctuation, posture change and physical
      activity rate, as a determinant of optimal pacing rate].

PMID- 6598500
TI  - Little sleep-promoting effects of intraventricularly infused uracil in
      unrestrained rats.

PMID- 6598501
TI  - [Clinical observations of cast gold inlay restorations in young permanent 1st
      molars (3)].

PMID- 6598502
TI  - [Measurement of acid production using an in-dwelling electrode in the plaque of
      children and adults. II. Evaluation of the acidogenicity of lactose and the
      microbial analysis of the plaque on a pH-electrode].

PMID- 6598503
TI  - [Emotional reaction of children to the dental environment].

PMID- 6598504
TI  - [Relation between daily habits and caries incidence in the dental health
      examination of 1 1/2-year-old infants. A comparison with a survey taken 7 years
      previously].

PMID- 6598505
TI  - [Fact-finding study on outpatients at the pedodontic clinic of Tokushima
      University Dental Hospital].

PMID- 6598506
TI  - [Pulp response to composite resins in primary posterior teeth. 1. Comparison of
      Companies A and B composite resins for molars].

PMID- 6598507
TI  - [A case report of an eruption disturbance of a permanent tooth caused by a
      compound odontoma].

PMID- 6598508
TI  - [A case of neurinoma of the tongue].

PMID- 6598509
TI  - [A case of Cornelia de Lange syndrome].

PMID- 6598510
TI  - [2 cases of supernumerary teeth].

PMID- 6598511
TI  - [An electromyographic evaluation of ectodermal dysplasia after oral
      rehabilitation].

PMID- 6598512
TI  - [A case of a completely impacted mandibular deciduous 2d molar with caries].

PMID- 6598514
TI  - [HLA-A and HLA-B antigens in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 6598513
TI  - [Ripening of the cervix and induction of labor at term with prostaglandin F2
      alpha gel in increasing doses].
AB  - The induction of labour at term has a place of choice amongst the numerous
      obstetric applications of prostaglandins. The present clinical trial (50 cases)
      showed that F2 alpha prostaglandin, after incorporation in a high-viscosity gel
      and following insertion into the extra-amniotic space, is capable of accelerating
      cervical ripening and of inducing myometrial activity close to spontaneous
      physiological conditions. The use of increasing doses of prostaglandin avoids the
      development of acute foetal distress. Our experience confirmed the efficacy (8%
      true failures), the rapidity and the good maternal and foetal tolerance of the
      induction of labour at term by prostaglandins.

PMID- 6598515
TI  - [Granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma): spinal cord compression and testicular
      involvement].

PMID- 6598517
TI  - Future aspects on the clinical use of clindamycin. A symposium. Copenhagen,
      Denmark, April 6, 1984.

PMID- 6598518
TI  - Antimicrobial agents and host defence.
AB  - Reports from different laboratories on effects of different antibiotics on host
      defence are often hard to compare because of differences in experimental design.
      The purpose of this presentation was to describe the effect of many different
      antibiotics with the same standardized techniques. E. coli and S. aureus pre
      exposed to different beta-lactam antibiotics or gentamicin in subinhibitory
      concentrations were more susceptible to phagocytosis and killing by granulocytes
      than non-treated bacteria. A markedly depressed chemotaxis was detected when
      human leucocytes were incubated with fusidic acid and rifampicin in clinically
      obtainable concentration and well absorbed tetracyclines at high concentrations.
      The incorporation of 14C-leucine into a trichloracetic-acid insoluble form by
      human neutrophils was markedly depressed by the same antibiotics. Many other
      antibiotics did not inhibit granulocyte or lymphocyte functions. At therapeutic
      concentrations fusidic acid and rifampicin had a pronounced inhibition effect on
      the incorporation of 3H-thymidine by human T-lymphocytes stimulated by PHA and B
      lymphocytes by S. aureus, Cowan I. At concentrations above the therapeutic level,
      inhibition was detected for doxycycline, erythromycin, clindamycin and
      nitrofurantoin. Due to high albumin binding for some of the tested antibiotics
      and other factors involved, experiments were performed to test whether depression
      also takes place in vivo. The cellular immunity in mice was registered by
      monitoring the survival of transplanted heart grafts. Rifampicin at human
      therapeutic dose had a strong inhibiting effect (p less than 0.001) on the
      rejection of heart grafts. The effect of doxycycline (2.5 mg/kg/day) and fusidic
      acid (25 mg/kg/day) was slight but significant (p less than 0.02).

PMID- 6598516
TI  - [Prostaglandin D2 in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Biological and diagnostic
      implications].
AB  - The concentration of PG D2 (a prostanoid with demonstrated vasoconstrictor
      activity on human cerebral arteries was studied in the cerebrospinal fluid of 7
      patients admitted for subarachnoid aneurysmal hemorrhage. CSF samples were
      sequentially obtained at different intervals following the hemorrhage and the PG
      D2 concentration was detected with radioimmunological assay. Four patients
      developed vasospasm leading to neurological deterioration. PG D2 concentrations
      varied from 0.21 to 1.09 mg/ml. The highest CSF PG D2 concentrations were seen 24
      48 hours after the hemorrhage in three patients, who subsequently died due to
      resumption of bleeding. In the four cases with angiographically demonstrated
      vasospasm a peak in PG D2 concentration could be observed corresponding to the
      clinical appearance of neurological deterioration. In the three cases without a
      neurological finding of vasospasm, PG D2 concentrations tended to be stable.
      Serial monitoring of arachidonic acid metabolites having different vasoactive
      actions on the cerebral arterial wall could be of great interest as a clinical
      and biological marker useful in the management of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

PMID- 6598519
TI  - Clindamycin resistance in anaerobic bacteria.
AB  - Knowledge of the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance and resistance transfer
      in anaerobic bacteria has been gained over the past several years. There is
      widespread resistance to the beta-lactam antibiotics in the B. fragilis group of
      organisms and there is emerging penicillin resistance in other Bacteroides
      species. These resistances are usually mediated by chromosomal beta-lactamases.
      There have been two new beta-lactamases described in Bacteroides; a penicillinase
      which inactivates ureidopenicillins and another that inactivates cefoxitin. The
      transfer of the common beta-lactamase, penicillinase, and cefoxitin resistance
      has been documented in B. fragilis. The mechanism of tetracycline resistance in
      B. fragilis is the lack of accumulation of intracellular drug; the resistance is
      widespread in anaerobic bacteria and is seen in two-thirds of the B. fragilis
      strains. The transfer of tetracycline resistance is common, however, no transfer
      factor has yet been isolated. Clindamycin-erythromycin resistance in Bacteroides
      was first recognized in the mid-1970s and transferable resistance was described
      in 1979. The mechanism of resistance is probably similar to macrolide-lincosamide
      streptinogramin-resistance seen in aerobic bacteria. Two clindamycin resistance
      transfer factors, pBFTM10 and pIP410 (pBF4) have been described. A common
      resistance determinant found both on plasmids and chromosomes is widely
      distributed in nature and it probably resides on a transposon. DNA homology
      studies indicate that there is more than one type of clindamycin resistance in
      Bacteroides; a newly recognized clindamycin resistance determinant is
      transferable. Local outbreaks of clindamycin resistance have been noted in the
      United States and in Europe. The susceptibility of Bacteroides in the United
      States in 1983 from a multi-center study reveals a 5% incidence of resistance in
      B. fragilis and 1% in Bacteroides species. The rate of clindamycin resistance has
      remained steady over the past three years in the Bacteroides fragilis group.

PMID- 6598520
TI  - Clindamycin in the upper respiratory tract infections.
AB  - Bacterial infections of the upper respiratory airways are common. Some of these
      infections are caused by anaerobic bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus and may
      constitute considerable therapeutical problems. Chronic suppurative otitis media
      may sometimes give rise to serious osteitis of surrounding bone structures,
      sigmoid sinus thrombosis and intracranial abscesses. The causative microorganisms
      are mostly anaerobes. Many paranasal sinus infections are also due to anaerobic
      bacteria. These infections can rapidly cause irreversible damage of the sinus
      mucosa and eventually spread intracranially. Purulent parotitis is mostly seen in
      elderly and seriously ill patients. In the majority of the cases bacterial
      cultures reveal beta-lactamase-producing S. aureus. Infections of the teeth in
      the mandible sometimes spread into the floor of the mouth and may extend down
      into the throat and mediastinum. If not properly treated these anaerobic
      infections will prove fatal. Chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible is increasing
      in frequency and constitute serious therapeutical problems. Many patients cannot
      be protected against painful and disabling relapses. Anaerobic bacteria,
      emanating from the normal oropharyngeal flora, play an important part in the
      pathogenesis of this disorder. Retropharyngeal, parapharyngeal as well as
      peritonsillar infections and abscesses are mostly caused by anaerobes and demand
      adequate surgical and antibacterial therapy. In malignant tumors of the ear, nose
      or throat, anaerobic infections often deteriorate the conditions as inflammatory
      oedema increases the volume of the tumor and the pain of the patients. Cutaneous
      infections of the face and auricles caused by S. aureus may constitute
      therapeutical problems.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6598521
TI  - Use of clindamycin in lower respiratory tract infections.
AB  - The majority of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are treated "blindly"
      because the establishment of an aetiological diagnosis is not possible in most
      cases. The rational choice of therapy mainly rests upon the knowledge of the
      microbiological epidemiology of LRTI, and on the possible host-parasite
      relationship. In community-acquired pneumonia, there is general concensus that
      penicillin maintains its position as the first drug of choice, and that therapy
      can be changed to erythromycin or tetracycline in cases of therapeutic failure.
      Treatment of nosocomial pneumonia, and LRTI in immunocompromised patients, calls
      for antibiotics with a broader antimicrobial spectrum. Clindamycin has an
      antimicrobial spectrum which makes this antibiotic a possible alternative in
      community-acquired pneumonia, and its efficacy in pneumococcal pneumonia has been
      documented. However, as first choice therapy it should be reserved for cases of
      penicillin allergy, or cases of strongly suspected staphylococcal pneumonia. In
      aspiration pneumonia--nearly always caused by anaerobic bacteria--penicillin has
      long been the preferred therapy, even in cases with Bacteroides fragilis.
      However, recent publications have clearly documented that in primary lung
      abscess, clindamycin is superior to penicillin. These results are especially
      important since metronidazole has been shown to be less effective in such cases.

PMID- 6598522
TI  - Clindamycin as an anti-staphylococcal agent--indications and limitations.
AB  - In a general survey it is stated that for single Staphylococcus aureus
      infections, clindamycin is not considered to be a first-line drug. Its chief
      indication is penicillin allergy. Penetration and accumulation of clindamycin
      within leukocytes demonstrated in vitro may be of value in the treatment of S.
      aureus diseases resulting in large abscesses. An insidious risk of the
      development of Clostridium difficile diarrhoea limits the use of clindamycin in
      ambulatory long-term treatment of diabetic osteitis and chronic osteomyelitis.
      Such patients must therefore be carefully checked during clindamycin therapy. In
      staphylococcal endocarditis treated with clindamycin, relapses and development of
      resistance have been reported. Mixed staphylococcal and anaerobic infections in
      skin, subcutaneous tissue, the diabetic foot, bone and joints are primary
      indications for clindamycin. S. epidermidis infections, especially septicemia and
      endocarditis, are not suitable for clindamycin therapy due to a high rate of
      resistance.

PMID- 6598523
TI  - [A survey of adult Danes on complaints of dentists' work and dental technicians'
      work].

PMID- 6598524
TI  - [Long term results in malocclusion. A 15-year follow-up study of 30-year-old
      adults with tooth loss and implications of functional and psychosocial problems].

PMID- 6598525
TI  - [Endodontic sealers].

PMID- 6598526
TI  - [The anti-inflammatory effects of acetylsalicylic acid and paracetamol].

PMID- 6598527
TI  - [Endodontic sealing materials].

PMID- 6598528
TI  - [Dental technician training].

PMID- 6598529
TI  - [Full ceramic crowns--a new revolutionary technic?].

PMID- 6598530
TI  - The rationale and technique of subgingival curettage in the treatment of
      periodontal disease.

PMID- 6598531
TI  - Treatment of osseous defects.

PMID- 6598532
TI  - Advances in mucogingival surgery.

PMID- 6598534
TI  - The changing face of periodontics.

PMID- 6598533
TI  - Periodontic support for the restorative dentist.

PMID- 6598535
TI  - Maintenance of the treated periodontal patient.

PMID- 6598536
TI  - [An experiment in the bleaching of an extremely discolored tooth].

PMID- 6598537
TI  - [Geriatric dentistry--a neglected issue].

PMID- 6598538
TI  - [Fluoride levels in the drinking water of South Africa and South West Africa].

PMID- 6598539
TI  - The amelo-cemental junction.

PMID- 6598540
TI  - Dental caries and oral hygiene patterns in Afrikaans- and English-speaking white
      high school pupils from upper and lower socio-economic areas of Johannesburg and
      environs.

PMID- 6598541
TI  - [Radiographic diagnosis VIII. Mucous retention cyst].

PMID- 6598542
TI  - [Enamel projections and the anatomy of the cemento-enamel junction in permanent
      molars].

PMID- 6598543
TI  - [An analysis of the causes of pulpitis and unsuccessful root canal treatment in
      the permanent molars of adolescents].

PMID- 6598544
TI  - [The patient-dentist relation with special reference to body language].

PMID- 6598545
TI  - [Toxic and allergic reactions to local anesthetics].

PMID- 6598546
TI  - [Dental health care in Great Britain].

PMID- 6598548
TI  - Dirofilaria immitis infection and asthma in PNG.

PMID- 6598547
TI  - An unusual syndrome in a family with cataracts and abnormal facies.

PMID- 6598549
TI  - The Medical Research Advisory Committee and health-related research in Papua New
      Guinea.

PMID- 6598550
TI  - Indigenous childbirth practices: information gathering with the MACHIK interview,
      Part II.

PMID- 6598551
TI  - Health and nutrition of labourers' families in Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 6598552
TI  - The bacteriology of skin sores in Goroka children.
AB  - The bacteriology of infected skin lesions was studied in paediatric outpatients.
      Thirty-nine untreated lesions were studied: 37 (95%) grew beta haemolytic
      streptococci (46% group A, 3% group B, 23% group C, 26% group G), 21 (54%) grew
      Staphylococcus aureus and 13 (33%) grew Corynebacterium haemolyticum. No attempt
      was made to selectively isolate Corynebacterium diphtheriae in this study.
      Vincent's organisms were seen in 13 (37%) of 35 gram stains from untreated
      lesions, including eight (73%) of 11 tropical ulcers. Twenty-three (92%) of the
      25 strains of S. aureus isolated from untreated sores were resistant to
      penicillin.

PMID- 6598553
TI  - Reinfection with intestinal helminths after treatment with mebendazole and
      fluctuations in individual Ascaris lumbricoides infections with time.
AB  - In a group of rural school children in the highlands of Papua New Guinea with an
      initial prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides 71 per cent, Trichuris trichiura 69
      per cent and Necator americanus (hookworm) 95 per cent, 2 1/2 months after
      treatment with mebendazole the prevalence of A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura was
      very low, that of N. americanus was about 20 per cent and all egg counts were
      very low. Prevalence rates and egg counts of A. lumbricoides returned to
      pretreatment levels 9 months after treatment. Prevalence of T. trichiura and N.
      americanus, one year after treatment, was lower than before treatment and 97 per
      cent of egg counts were low. Two years after treatment, prevalence of all species
      was normal, but mean egg counts of N. americanus were about half of pretreatment
      levels. Thus in areas with comparable transmission rates, annual treatment with a
      course of anthelmintic would keep hook-worm levels low, and an additional dose at
      mid year would also considerably reduce ascariasis. Presence or absence of A.
      lumbricoides in particular subjects varied from one examination to another, and a
      particular child was not more likely to have the same infection status one year
      later, given the prevailing infection rate. 95 per cent were positive for A.
      lumbricoides on one or more of three examinations held at the same time of year.

PMID- 6598554
TI  - [An experimental study on tooth eruption. 1. Eruptive state of the permanent
      successors under healthy deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6598555
TI  - [An experimental study on tooth eruption. 2. Eruptive state of the permanent
      successors under infected deciduous teeth].

PMID- 6598556
TI  - [Changes in the roughness of polished porcelain surfaces. Porcelain teeth].

PMID- 6598557
TI  - [Shovel-shaped upper incisors of the Pashtun and the Tajik in Afghanistan with
      special reference to the depth of the lingual fossa].

PMID- 6598558
TI  - [Non-respiratory acidosis observed in infants and children during general
      anesthesia. 2. The effect of glucose or xylitol infusion on carbohydrate
      electrolyte metabolism during anesthesia and surgery].

PMID- 6598559
TI  - [Enzymohistochemical studies on orbicular muscles. II. The comparison between
      muscle orbicularis oris and gastrocnemius in each stage of growth].

PMID- 6598560
TI  - [Distribution of Staphylococcus saprophyticus in the mouths of wild small
      mammals].

PMID- 6598561
TI  - [Basic study of rapid processing and its effect on radiographic quality].

PMID- 6598562
TI  - [A case report of mandibular prognathism in 2 young adults using auxiliary
      appliances in the prevention of functional disturbances].

PMID- 6598563
TI  - [Oral rehabilitation in isolated cleft palate patients].

PMID- 6598564
TI  - [The correction of dish face by maxillary vestibuloplasty and denture treatment
      after cleft lip and palate surgery].

PMID- 6598565
TI  - Geriatric dentistry: is there such a discipline?

PMID- 6598566
TI  - Shade variation in dentistry. A photographic investigation.

PMID- 6598567
TI  - Resistance of calcium hydroxide materials to phosphoric acid.

PMID- 6598568
TI  - Impact testing of a polysulphone denture base polymer.

PMID- 6598569
TI  - Gingival crevice depth. I. Predictability of probing deepest points.

PMID- 6598570
TI  - Topical fluoride procedures re-examined.

PMID- 6598571
TI  - [Recognition and clinical significance of the main lesions of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6598572
TI  - [Essential facial neuralgia. Diagnosis and treatment].

PMID- 6598573
TI  - [Neuromuscular behavior. Its impact at the orofacial and oropharyngeal level.
      Radiological study of the pharyngeal tree].

PMID- 6598574
TI  - [The expert witness in dentistry (according to the new civil procedures code)].

PMID- 6598575
TI  - Fate of Friend leukaemia cells and lymphoma cells injected into mouse
      blastocysts.
AB  - Our aim was to verify whether differentiated murine cells grafted into mouse
      blastocysts would follow the same fate as teratocarcinoma cells which lose their
      malignant character and participate in the development of the host embryo
      yielding chimaeric animals. Two combinations of host embryo-cancer cells were
      used. Animals were examined after birth or by pregnancy interruption at various
      stages of development. More than 350 animals obtained from cancer-cells-injected
      embryos failed to show direct evidence of loss of malignancy.

PMID- 6598576
TI  - Spontaneous and experimentally induced testicular teratomas in mice.

PMID- 6598578
TI  - Treatment of staphylococcal pyelonephritis in rats with N-formimidoyl
      thienamycin.
AB  - The therapeutic efficacy of N-formimidoyl thienamycin alone or coadministered
      with MK0791, an inhibitor of renal dehydropeptidase-I, compared to methicillin in
      experimental pyelonephritis in rats was investigated. Pyelonephritis was produced
      with a methicillin-sensitive strain (2776) and a methicillin-resistant strain
      (Berman) of Staphylococcus aureus. N-formimidoyl thienamycin alone or
      coadministered with the inhibitor was significantly better than methicillin when
      treating methicillin-sensitive or methicillin-resistant infection. There was a
      trend suggesting that N-formimidoyl thienamycin coadministered with MK0791 was
      overall the best agent. These studies show that N-formimidoyl thienamycin is
      efficacious in the treatment of S. aureus pyelonephritis in the rat regardless of
      methicillin sensitivity, and this agent plus the dehydropeptidase inhibitor
      should be considered in the treatment of such infections.

PMID- 6598577
TI  - DNA transformation of a pluripotent mouse embryonal stem cell line with a
      dominant selective marker.
AB  - The mouse embryonal stem cell line BLC 1 growing on feeder layer was treated with
      a calcium phosphate/DNA precipitate prepared with DNA of plasmid pAG60 which
      harbors the Tn5-derived neo gene, thus encoding resistance to G418, an
      aminoglycoside antibiotic. Transfection performed on feeder layer resulted in the
      formation of G418-resistant clones T1 and T2/K26. The stable integration of the
      transformed neo gene was confirmed by dot hybridization in all descendant
      cultures of clones T1 and T2/K26 as well as in the tumors derived from them. In
      vivo and in vitro differentiation revealed the pluripotent status of the
      transformants. Tumors derived from T1 and T2/K26 contained various tissues with
      derivatives of all three primary germ layers.

PMID- 6598579
TI  - [Disturbances in enamel mineralization in children undergoing fluoride
      prophylaxis of dental caries. Determination of fluoride levels in enamel, saliva
      and urine].

PMID- 6598580
TI  - [Clinical importance of certain physicochemical properties of sealing materials].

PMID- 6598581
TI  - [Oral hygiene and periodontal status in workers at the "Polmatex-Wifama" textile
      machinery factory in Widzew].

PMID- 6598582
TI  - [Activities of the industrial dental health service. Evaluation studies].

PMID- 6598583
TI  - [Post-traumatic ossifying masseter muscle inflammation].

PMID- 6598584
TI  - [Evaluation of the course and results of maxillary orthopedic treatment of
      children with auriculo-mandibular dysostosis].

PMID- 6598585
TI  - [Therapeutic management of a case of absent tooth buds of the upper permanent
      lateral incisors].

PMID- 6598586
TI  - [Adaptation of palatal mucosal grafts based on selected parameters of functional
      and cytologic indices].

PMID- 6598587
TI  - [Oral leukoplakia in workers at the Stomil Rubber Plant in Wolbrom].

PMID- 6598588
TI  - [Evaluation of the fibrinolytic activity of mixed saliva during periodontal
      diseases and chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis].

PMID- 6598589
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of sebidin tablets in the treatment of chronic recurrent
      aphthous stomatitis and selected cases of stomatitis].

PMID- 6598590
TI  - [Rare cases of tuberculosis with various oral symptoms].

PMID- 6598591
TI  - [Disturbances in enamel mineralization in children undergoing caries prophylaxis.
      An survey of the parents].

PMID- 6598592
TI  - [Status of the gingival mucosa in children in Warsaw nurseries].

PMID- 6598594
TI  - [Evaluation of the usefulness of various dental caries activity tests].

PMID- 6598593
TI  - [Effect of an iron-enriched diet on the condition of the mouth and teeth in
      children 1-4 years of age].

PMID- 6598596
TI  - [The importance of esthetic and functional aspects in planning extraction
      treatment in orthodontics].

PMID- 6598595
TI  - [Electron microscopy and histochemical studies of stored human amnion].

PMID- 6598597
TI  - [Asymmetric development of the face and stomatognathic system as a consequence of
      childhood injuries].

PMID- 6598598
TI  - [Evaluation of the usefulness of the Snyder's test in the determination of caries
      progression in a group of workers in a quarry equipment production plant in
      Konin].

PMID- 6598600
TI  - [Effect of grafts of demineralized allogenic dentin on osteogenesis in the
      mandible of rabbits].

PMID- 6598599
TI  - [Evaluation of the replacement of fractured tooth crowns in children and
      adolescents using composite materials and Palavit 55].

PMID- 6598601
TI  - [Black tartar deposits (black spot--black stain) in light of the most recent
      literature].

PMID- 6598602
TI  - [Twin tooth].

PMID- 6598603
TI  - [Evaluation of the treatment results of anterior permanent tooth injuries in
      children].

PMID- 6598604
TI  - [Saliva--biological role, composition and secretory mechanisms. II. Chemical
      composition of saliva].

PMID- 6598605
TI  - [Quantitative evaluation of malocclusion in population studies].

PMID- 6598606
TI  - [Rehabilitation of the masticatory system in patients with maxillonasal
      dysostosis].

PMID- 6598607
TI  - [Evaluation of the position of retained maxillary canine teeth based on
      pantomographs].

PMID- 6598608
TI  - [Tongue dysfunction in the development of the dental arch].

PMID- 6598609
TI  - [Conservative dentistry and focal infection. How can the dentition be saved?].

PMID- 6598610
TI  - [The Dental Surgeon of France. A guide for the practitioner, 1984].

PMID- 6598611
TI  - [The long face syndrome].

PMID- 6598612
TI  - [Hypertrophy of the masseter muscle].

PMID- 6598613
TI  - [Acinic cell adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland].

PMID- 6598614
TI  - [Facial scars and W-plasty].

PMID- 6598615
TI  - [Use of the tubular flap in reconstruction of palatal defects].

PMID- 6598617
TI  - [The styloid syndrome--a rare or undiagnosed disease].

PMID- 6598616
TI  - [Reconstruction of the mandibular condyle with a methylmethacrylate prosthesis].

PMID- 6598618
TI  - Sexual dimorphism in the mesiodistal width of the permanent maxillary anterior
      teeth in relation to their artificial replacements.

PMID- 6598619
TI  - Enameloma, morphometric study.

PMID- 6598620
TI  - Relationship between concentration of fluoride intake and oral and para oral
      tissue reactions (clinical, biochemical, and histochemical study).

PMID- 6598621
TI  - Burkitt's lymphoma. Report of a case.

PMID- 6598622
TI  - Facial asymmetry and ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 6598623
TI  - Stromal response to oral carcinoma and cancer prognosis.

PMID- 6598624
TI  - The biological effect of bone cement.

PMID- 6598625
TI  - Chronic non specific sialadenitis of the submandibular salivary gland.

PMID- 6598626
TI  - A study on the effect of incorporation of sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride on
      properties of polycarboxylate cements.

PMID- 6598628
TI  - Mechanical properties of dental amalgams and their component phases.

PMID- 6598627
TI  - The effect of glucose and of uncooked wheat and maize starch alone and mixed in
      equal quantity with sucrose on dental caries and recovery of implanted
      Streptococcus mutans in albino rats.

PMID- 6598629
TI  - The effect of denture wearing on gingival clear cells and oxytalan fibers.

PMID- 6598630
TI  - [Development of mucormycosis infection during therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia
      in the acute stage].

PMID- 6598631
TI  - [Isolated renal aspergillosis in a leukemic boy].
AB  - The authors described a 6 years old boy suffering from acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia and treated by the B.F.M. protocol who presented during intensive
      chemotherapy period a aspergillus renal abscess apparently unique. During the
      postoperative period the evolution was progressively favorable under prolonged
      anti-fungal treatment. The different clinical features, the non facilities of
      diagnosis and the mean possibility of treatment in aspergillus infection in
      immunodeficient patients are reviewed.

PMID- 6598633
TI  - [Evaluation of methods to establish the height of the lower face].

PMID- 6598632
TI  - [Duplication of the long arm of chromosome 3 (dup 3q) in a newborn infant whose
      the father is carrier of pericentric inversion of chromosome 9].
AB  - The authors report a case of a partial trisomy for the long arm of chromosome 3.
      The associated morphotypic anomalies are compared with the 31 cases already
      reported, and allow to further outline a well recognizable morphotype which has
      similarities with the Brachmann Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. The chromosomal
      mechanisms which may result in this unbalanced caryotype dup 3 q are discussed,
      and among them the possible role of a paternal chromosome 9 pericentric
      inversion, most commonly termed as a normal variant.

PMID- 6598634
TI  - [Restoration of teeth with pathological attrition in patients with decreased
      occlusal height using adhesive materials. I. Clinical procedure methods].

PMID- 6598635
TI  - [Restoration of teeth with pathological attrition in patients with decreased
      occlusal height using adhesive materials. II. Clinical evaluation of several
      restorations].

PMID- 6598636
TI  - [Restoration of teeth with pathological attrition in patients with decreased
      occlusal height using adhesive materials. III. Evaluation method for the raised
      occlusal height].

PMID- 6598637
TI  - [Computerized tomographic myelography in Burkitt-like lymphoma].

PMID- 6598638
TI  - [Solubility of an ionomer and a silicate cement].

PMID- 6598639
TI  - [Osteoma cutis].

PMID- 6598640
TI  - [Use of the step-back technic and a mechanical reamer in root canal preparation].

PMID- 6598641
TI  - [Retrusion of the upper canine using the Dr. Robert Ricketts technic].

PMID- 6598642
TI  - [Findings in an oral anatomy-pathology laboratory].

PMID- 6598643
TI  - [The myomonitor and the mandibular kinesiograph in the study of occlusion].

PMID- 6598644
TI  - [Methods for the extraction of root tips].

PMID- 6598645
TI  - [Centric relation and pathological mandibular sliding in children and adults: 2
      years' observations].

PMID- 6598646
TI  - [Treatment of gingival recession].

PMID- 6598647
TI  - [Enteral sedation in pedodontics. Pharmacological agents].

PMID- 6598648
TI  - [Comparison of the orodental health status of schoolchildren in Spain, in the
      state of Indiana (USA) and in Scandinavian countries].

PMID- 6598649
TI  - [Causes of fractures in amalgam cavity restorations and their prevention].

PMID- 6598650
TI  - [Gorlin's syndrome or basal cell nevus syndrome].

PMID- 6598651
TI  - [Experiences in school dental care with mobile dental clinics].

PMID- 6598652
TI  - [Devitalized teeth: a simplified method for bleaching and prevention of
      discoloration].

PMID- 6598653
TI  - [Dentin remineralization].

PMID- 6598654
TI  - [Serial extraction].

PMID- 6598655
TI  - [Significance of teaching techniques in health education].

PMID- 6598656
TI  - [Oral cystic lesions in the newborn].

PMID- 6598657
TI  - [The Hippocratic oath].

PMID- 6598658
TI  - [Radiographic considerations in relation to lithiasis of the submaxillary gland].

PMID- 6598659
TI  - [Clinical study of the formation of dento-bacterial plaque. Preliminary report].

PMID- 6598660
TI  - [Periodontal disease in relation to oral hygiene. Study conducted at the Eloy
      Alfaro Primary School, Plaza de la Revolucion municipality, province of the city
      of Havana (1979-1980)].

PMID- 6598661
TI  - [Child dental care in Cuba].

PMID- 6598662
TI  - [Effect of edentulous spaces on opposing and adjacent teeth and their relation to
      periodontal disease in young patients].

PMID- 6598663
TI  - [Evaluation of a prevention program in periodontology. Havana province, 1981].

PMID- 6598664
TI  - [Functional appliances. References on the Bimler technic].

PMID- 6598665
TI  - [Treatment of Class III using a dentofacial orthopedic mask].

PMID- 6598666
TI  - [Angular and linear differences in cephalometric studies].

PMID- 6598667
TI  - [Changes in the dental and supporting bone tissues due to orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6598668
TI  - [Periodontal disease and oral hygiene and their relation to the number of
      cigarettes smoked daily].

PMID- 6598669
TI  - [Chlorhexidine: its action as a preventive agent in periodontal disease].

PMID- 6598671
TI  - [Levels of immune complexes in normal persons and cancer patients using the
      Digeon method].

PMID- 6598670
TI  - [The orthodontist as part of a multidisciplinary group].

PMID- 6598672
TI  - [Anatomo-clinical study of mucoceles].

PMID- 6598673
TI  - [Prevalence of ectopic sebaceous glands in the oral mucosa in the population over
      20 years of age in the city of Havana].

PMID- 6598674
TI  - [A case report of moderate to severe periodontitis associated with fibrotic
      gingiva].

PMID- 6598675
TI  - [Case reports of advanced periodontitis associated with multiple missing teeth].

PMID- 6598676
TI  - [Review of the microbiological etiology of periodontal disease].

PMID- 6598677
TI  - [Plaque control instruction in the dentist's office].

PMID- 6598678
TI  - [Plaque control instruction in the dentist's office].

PMID- 6598679
TI  - [Comparative study of Gnatomat and Dentatus complete dentures].

PMID- 6598680
TI  - [Comparative study using x-ray diffraction analysis of the Ca/P ratio in healthy
      and irradiated enamel. Analysis of the specific surface and porous texture of
      normal and irradiated enamel].

PMID- 6598681
TI  - [Physio-pathological aspects of occlusion in complete dentures].

PMID- 6598682
TI  - [Changes in saliva secretion produced by innervation].

PMID- 6598683
TI  - [Experimental study of the effects of diphenylhydantoins and estrogens in rats.
      I. Microbiological aspects of changes in the gingival flora of rats treated with
      diphenylhydantoins].

PMID- 6598684
TI  - [Reconstruction with composites].

PMID- 6598685
TI  - [Clinical and radiographic evaluation of conservative endodontic treatment of
      chronic periapical lesions].

PMID- 6598686
TI  - [Epidermoid carcinoma of the oral cavity. General principles].

PMID- 6598687
TI  - [Local anesthesia with adrenaline in hypertensive patients].

PMID- 6598688
TI  - [Biomechanical implications in the surgical management of mandibular
      hemihyperplasia].

PMID- 6598689
TI  - [Computers and dentistry].

PMID- 6598690
TI  - [Fluoride].

PMID- 6598691
TI  - [Canal obturation].

PMID- 6598692
TI  - [Surgical, orthodontic and speech rehabilitation in cleft palate patients].

PMID- 6598694
TI  - [Quantitative indexes to determine orthodontic anomalies and to evaluate the need
      and priority of treatment].

PMID- 6598693
TI  - [Social and educational aspects of treatment of dysgnathia].

PMID- 6598695
TI  - [Mandibular asymmetry in the identification of bone rests].

PMID- 6598697
TI  - [Oral health in Colombia: education in orthodontics].

PMID- 6598696
TI  - [Continuous development of the lower 3rd molars during orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 6598698
TI  - [Education in orthodontics at the School of Dentistry at the Central University
      of Venezuela].

PMID- 6598699
TI  - [Mechanical insult at the level of the gingival sulcus. Their impact on the
      supporting periodontal tissues].

PMID- 6598700
TI  - [Study of a perforated skull from Busseol].

PMID- 6598701
TI  - [Role of combined segmental osteotomy. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 6598702
TI  - [Pulp-periodontal disease (I)].

PMID- 6598703
TI  - [Frequency and distribution of furcation involvement and cervical enamel
      projections and their relations].

PMID- 6598704
TI  - [Streptococcal infections].

PMID- 6598705
TI  - [Dental radiography: its optimization as a diagnostic method].

PMID- 6598706
TI  - [Cytological changes in the oral mucosa due to tobacco].

PMID- 6598707
TI  - [Vital root amputation].

PMID- 6598708
TI  - [Giant cell tumor of the upper jaw in Paget's disease: presentation of a case].

PMID- 6598709
TI  - [Organotypic culture of human gingiva. I: Observations with light microscopy].

PMID- 6598710
TI  - [Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis of iatrogenic origin: clinical aspects and
      medico-legal considerations].

PMID- 6598711
TI  - [Dental treatment during pregnancy: possibilities and limits].

PMID- 6598712
TI  - [Dental waxes: physico-chemical properties of waxes and their classification. I].

PMID- 6598713
TI  - [Dental waxes: classification and physico-chemical characteristics of dental
      waxes. II].

PMID- 6598714
TI  - [Organotypic culture of human gingiva. II: Observations with electron
      microscopy].

PMID- 6598715
TI  - [Oral pemphigus: clinical case, therapeutic problems].

PMID- 6598716
TI  - [Indications, outcome and surgical technics in root amputation].

PMID- 6598717
TI  - [Primary Kaposi's sarcoma of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6598718
TI  - [Craniofacial localization of fibrous dysplasia].

PMID- 6598719
TI  - [Proposal of a method for indirect dental pulp capping using calcium oxide
      (Endocalex)].

PMID- 6598720
TI  - [Case of swallowing a fragment of denture framework].

PMID- 6598721
TI  - [Periodontometric control of tooth mobility using the Wirz transfixation
      technic].

PMID- 6598722
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy study of the dentin tubules of human deciduous
      teeth].

PMID- 6598723
TI  - [Subcilliary method of approach in surgery of the orbit floor].

PMID- 6598724
TI  - [History and indications for periodontal bone surgery].

PMID- 6598725
TI  - [Psychological considerations on bruxism].

PMID- 6598726
TI  - Malignant lymphoma in childhood.

PMID- 6598727
TI  - In vitro fluoride concentration of human enamel after brushing with various
      fluoride-containing dentifrices.

PMID- 6598728
TI  - The healing of citric acid treated root surfaces in the baboon (Papio ursinus): a
      morphological study.

PMID- 6598729
TI  - Planning a service for care of the aged in Cape Town and beyond.

PMID- 6598730
TI  - The post-natal microscopic anatomy of the palatal rugae in man.

PMID- 6598731
TI  - [Radiographic diagnosis VI. Acute suppurative osteomyelitis].

PMID- 6598732
TI  - [Pseudo-epitheliomatous necrotizing sialometaplasia. Review of the literature,
      presentation of a case and changes in the nomenclature].

PMID- 6598733
TI  - [Hemangiomas. Treatment. Results of 15 treated cases].

PMID- 6598734
TI  - [Immune response and marginal periodontitis (I)].

PMID- 6598735
TI  - [Osteodentin formation as an effect of formocresol. Histometric study].

PMID- 6598736
TI  - Determinants of frequency of children's sweets consumption.

PMID- 6598737
TI  - A headwrap and head stabilization technique for hospital dentistry.

PMID- 6598738
TI  - Crown indices of the deciduous teeth in Dominican mulatto children.

PMID- 6598739
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a posterior composite in Class II restorations in primary
      molars: one-year results.

PMID- 6598741
TI  - Analysis of surface antigen expression per cell of human osteogenic sarcoma cells
      by fluorescence-labelled monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - The relationship between total surface antigen expression per cell (means) -
      measured by fluorescence-labelled monoclonal antibodies (fluorescence-histograms)
      and the distribution of cells in the cell cycle (DNA-histograms) and size
      scattergrams (cell sorter FACS-IV) were analysed in drug treated unsynchronized
      and synchronized osteogenic sarcoma cells (2OS) in vitro. Drugs with various
      sites of action in the cell cycle were used. Adriamycin, Vindesine, in
      concentrations applied accumulate cells in G2 + M phase. Methotrexate arrests
      cells in the boundary of G1/S phase. Size-scattergram and DNA-histogram analysis
      have shown that the entrance of cells to the cell cycle is usually accompanied by
      an increase in the cells size and amount of their DNA. The size of the cells
      influenced antigenic expression much more than the distribution of the cells in
      the various cell cycle phases: in the bigger cells the expression per cell was
      more pronounced. The increase of antigen expression was the highest for
      Adriamycin and for Methotrexate treated cells. However, this increase was limited
      and never exceeded plus 50% in relation to the control. This relatively low
      difference resulted from the fact, that a given phase of the cell cycle included
      cells markedly heterogenic in respect of size and antigenic content. It was also
      shown that lower concentration of serum in culture medium and confluent growth of
      older cultures decrease surface antigen expression per cell.

PMID- 6598740
TI  - Comparative effect of zoapatle (Montanoa tomentosa) products and of verapamil on
      the in vitro uterine contractility of rat.

PMID- 6598742
TI  - [Clinical case report: chronic hyperplastic pulpitis (pulp polyps). A bilateral
      case of large proportions].

PMID- 6598743
TI  - [Verification of the effect of fluoride on a representative number of permanent
      teeth].

PMID- 6598744
TI  - [External anatomy of the root of the lower 1st premolar].

PMID- 6598745
TI  - [Calcium hydroxide for dentin antisepsis].

PMID- 6598746
TI  - [Effect of camphorated paramonochlorophenol and its aqueous concentrations in
      polyvinyl sponges implanted in the connective tissue of rats (biological and
      histological study)].

PMID- 6598747
TI  - [Effect of the application site of cementing agents and vibration on the final
      result of the cementation of complete metal crowns (II--Film thickness)].

PMID- 6598748
TI  - [A simplified examination method for the periodontium; its application in
      screening services and community programs].

PMID- 6598749
TI  - [Nerve endings of the palatal mucosa of guinea pigs. Light microscopy study].

PMID- 6598750
TI  - [Relation between the cavity of a tooth root cyst and the apical foramen].

PMID- 6598751
TI  - The Robertshaw demand valve.

PMID- 6598752
TI  - Ethanol-induced inhibition of GABA release from LS and SS mouse brain slices.
AB  - The effects of ethanol on K+-stimulated and spontaneous release of gamma
      aminobutyric acid (GABA) were studied in cortical and cerebellar brain slices
      obtained from long-sleep (LS) and short-sleep (SS) mice. A superfusion technique
      was used. Tissue slices were perfused with ethanol (0-515 mM) for 20 min. Ethanol
      inhibited K+-stimulated 3H-GABA release at lower concentrations in LS cortical
      slices than in SS slices. Little or no inhibition of K+-stimulated 3H-GABA
      release was seen in both LS and SS cerebellar slices. The spontaneous release of
      3H-GABA was inhibited to equal degrees in LS and SS cerebellar slices but was
      unaffected in cortical slices, at the concentrations used. The possibility that
      ethanol inhibits 3H-GABA release by stimulating prostaglandin production was
      partially tested by assessing the effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha)
      on 3H-GABA release in cortical and cerebellar slices. No effect of PGF2 alpha on
      3H-GABA release was seen in either brain region. These results support the notion
      that ethanol may elicit some of its actions by inhibiting neurotransmitter
      release. This effect appears to be influenced by genotype and brain region.

PMID- 6598753
TI  - The frequency of periodontal extractions in Finland.

PMID- 6598754
TI  - The 'Gleam Team' programme: development and evaluation of a dental health
      education package for infant schools.

PMID- 6598755
TI  - The association between edentulousness and the accessibility and availability of
      dentists.

PMID- 6598756
TI  - Barriers faced by parents in obtaining dental treatment for young children: a
      questionnaire evaluation.

PMID- 6598757
TI  - The relative values of preventive items in a resource related index.

PMID- 6598758
TI  - [Control of the simultaneity of occlusal contacts using jaw sounds].

PMID- 6598759
TI  - [Dimensional variations in metal copings during firing of dental ceramics. 1].

PMID- 6598760
TI  - [Comparison of the in vitro accuracy of hydrocolloid and silicone impressions].

PMID- 6598761
TI  - [Orthodontics, surgery and prosthetics in the treatment of intermediate
      malocclusions (in adults)].

PMID- 6598762
TI  - [Autopolymerizing acrylic resins and removable complete dentures].

PMID- 6598763
TI  - [Dental status of a group of patients with chronic renal insufficiency undergoing
      periodic hemodialysis].

PMID- 6598764
TI  - [Pathology of the oral cavity--1: Vesicular diseases].

PMID- 6598765
TI  - [A clinical case of Romberg syndrome or progressive facial hemiatrophy].

PMID- 6598766
TI  - [Direct inlay-onlay: experimentation with a material for an original technic].

PMID- 6598767
TI  - [Periodontal treatment associated with conservative therapy of Class V caries:
      biological basis and indications].

PMID- 6598768
TI  - [Treatment plan for the reconstruction of esthetically important teeth].

PMID- 6598769
TI  - [Experimental evaluation of the behavior of amalgam with rapid setting,
      condensation and polishing in one sitting].

PMID- 6598770
TI  - [Gingival cysts: retrospective study and report of a case].

PMID- 6598772
TI  - [Oral lesions in diabetic patients: description of a case].

PMID- 6598771
TI  - [Results of fractures of the maxilla: clinico-functional principles for medico
      legal evaluation of injuries to the individual].

PMID- 6598773
TI  - [Condensation and polishing of a fast-setting amalgam in 1 sitting: verification
      after 90 days' immersion in artificial saliva].

PMID- 6598774
TI  - [Calculation of the DMF index in a patient population with terminal uremia
      undergoing periodic hemodialysis].

PMID- 6598775
TI  - [Panoramic radiographic study of teeth in renal osteodystrophy].

PMID- 6598776
TI  - [Sedation-analgesia with nitrous oxide in dentistry. I: Definitions and
      theoretical basis].

PMID- 6598777
TI  - [1st branchial arch syndrome or oro-mandibulo-otic syndrome].

PMID- 6598778
TI  - [Bone scintigraphy of the jaw in dental diagnosis].

PMID- 6598779
TI  - [Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: dental aspects].

PMID- 6598780
TI  - [Microanalysis of inorganic debris at the tooth-amalgam interface in fillings
      corroded in vivo].

PMID- 6598781
TI  - [Early extraction in the primary dentition and related orthodontic
      complications].

PMID- 6598782
TI  - [Effect on bacterial plaque of a toothpaste formulated with a benzalkonium
      chloride base].

PMID- 6598783
TI  - [Use of josamycin in infections of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6598784
TI  - [Pathology of the salivary glands. I: Introduction to the anatomy and physiology
      of the salivary gland. Approach to the patient with salivary gland disease].

PMID- 6598785
TI  - [Computers in the dental office].

PMID- 6598786
TI  - [Functional principles of lasers in medicine].

PMID- 6598787
TI  - [Short-term and intermediate results in the use of the CO2 laser in dentistry].

PMID- 6598788
TI  - [Development of thermal changes in the dental tissues with the CO2-flux laser].

PMID- 6598789
TI  - [Prototype of a laser handpiece for dentistry].

PMID- 6598790
TI  - [Precautions in the use of lasers in dentistry].

PMID- 6598791
TI  - [Finishing of the cavity margins of silver amalgam: scanning electron microscopy
      observations].

PMID- 6598792
TI  - [Comparative study using stereomicroscopy on various types of alloys used for
      fixed dentures].

PMID- 6598793
TI  - [Numerical tooth anomalies].

PMID- 6598794
TI  - [Problems in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of the impacted mandibular 3d
      molars].

PMID- 6598796
TI  - [Box for teaching of endodontics].

PMID- 6598795
TI  - [Selective toxicity of amalgam fillings].

PMID- 6598797
TI  - [Dense Apatite Ceramic (DAC) as a bone substitute in oral surgery].

PMID- 6598798
TI  - Acute myeloid leukemia in a hemophilic--a serendipitous coexistence.

PMID- 6598799
TI  - A phorbol ester-binding inhibitory factor from human placenta. Partial
      purification, characterization and biological effects.
AB  - A factor which inhibits the binding of 3H-phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) on
      different types of cells has been partially purified from human placenta. This
      factor, phorbol ester binding inhibitory factor (PEBIF), is sensitive to pepsin,
      but resistant to trypsin, heat and acid (pH 3) treatments and can be precipitated
      by 80% ethanol with no loss of activity. Inhibition occurs both at 37 degrees C
      and 4 degrees C and is rapid and reversible. Inhibition on human epithelial cells
      (FL), on mouse erythroleukaemia cells (FELC clone 19-10) and on rat liver cells
      (IAR clone 6-1 and clone 20) is non-competitive, whereas on IAR clone 6 and clone
      6-7 it is competitive. Differentiation of FELC induced by hexamethylene
      bisacetamide (HMBA) can be inhibited by 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate
      (TPA) only if TPA-sensitive cells are used, and no inhibition was observed with
      TPA-resistant cells. PEBIF can also inhibit the differentiation induced by HMBA
      of TPA-sensitive cells and has no effect on the differentiation of TPA-resistant
      cells. The extent of inhibition of PDBu binding by PEBIF was similar in these two
      clones. Like TPA, PEBIF can increase 2-deoxyglucose uptake in mouse fibroblasts
      (BALB/3T3 cells). Thus, TPA and PEBIF share two biological responses; however,
      PEBIF failed to mimic other TPA effects, such as induction of Epstein-Barr virus
      from Raji cells, inhibition of intercellular communication and induction of
      differentiation of human promyelocytic leukaemia cells (HL-60).

PMID- 6598800
TI  - Intercellular communication, cell differentiation and tumour promotion.

PMID- 6598801
TI  - Opportunities for study of lymphoid neoplasia in Africa.
AB  - Animal models have strongly suggested that lymphoid leukaemias and malignant
      lymphomas might have a viral etiology. Following the first report by Ludwig Gross
      in 1951 of the transmission of mouse leukaemia by cell-free filtrates inoculated
      into newborn mice and the subsequent identification of many tumour-inducing type
      C viruses in animals, attention was focused on the RNA retroviruses. However, it
      was work in Africa which led to the recognition of Burkitt's lymphoma as an
      entity and to the discovery of the Epstein-Barr virus. Many refer to this DNA
      virus as the first recognized human tumour virus. The research that these early
      studies stimulated has resulted in enormous progress in our understanding of
      human carcinogenesis and in highly significant advances in therapy. More
      recently, the first human retrovirus was identified and characterized in the
      laboratory of Dr Robert Gallo. There is increasing evidence that this virus,
      isolated from a patient with a T-cell lymphoma, is etiologically associated with
      a specific type of T-cell neoplasm first described in Japan. Africa may be
      considered the cradle of geographical pathology and the potential for generating
      unique information on cancer etiology and cancer control is still enormous.
      Lymphoid neoplasms are excellent models for the study of human cancer,
      particularly in Africa, since as tumours of the immune system, their induction
      and evolution is strongly influenced by those environmental factors, such as
      infection and nutrition, which have a profound effect on the immune response. In
      addition, there is good evidence that at least some of the tumours in this group
      are associated with specific transforming viruses. There is an immediate need to
      collect accurate, reproducible and comparable data on the incidence and
      characteristics of the different types of lymphoid neoplasia and on the
      populations in which they occur in the various African countries. Such data will
      provide the basis for undertaking simultaneous or subsequent etiological and
      therapeutic studies. Realistic approaches to these goals are considered and
      specific studies relating to questions posed by available information discussed.

PMID- 6598802
TI  - Some biological and epidemiological characteristics of human leukaemia in
      Africans.
AB  - Reports from various parts of Africa have documented the epidemiological features
      of leukaemia as including: infrequent diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
      (ALL) below the age of 5 years; frequent association of acute myelogenous
      leukaemia (AML) with chloromas; frequent occurrence, predominantly in women, of
      chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) below the age of 50 years. The biological and
      epidemiological features of leukaemia subtypes were determined in 146 patients
      who were seen prospectively between July 1978 and June 1982. There were 44 cases
      of chronic myelocytic leukaemia (CML), 34 of ALL, 33 of AML and 31 of CLL. The
      age distribution and incidence of CML in Ibadan was similar to those of the Black
      and White populations of the United States. The incidence of ALL in 0-4 year-old
      Ibadan children was estimated to be less than one-third and one-tenth of those of
      Black and White children in the United States, respectively, but the incidence of
      the disease was similar for the 3 populations in the third quinquennium. AML
      appeared to be more prevalent in 5-9-year-old Nigerian children than in children
      in the United States and was associated with chloroma in 5 of 9 (55.6%) children
      in the age-group. As a group, children with ALL were of significantly higher
      socio-economic status than those with AML. CLL occurred below 50 years
      predominantly in women (male:female = 1:6) who were significantly of lower
      socioeconomic status than their CML counterparts. Male patients predominated
      (male:female = 5.3) at and above 50 years. Numerous factors indicating a poor
      prognosis co-existed in all ALL patients, including male sex (25/34), WBC greater
      than 10(10)/litre (31/34, greater than 10(11)/litre (10/34), L2 or L3 morphology
      (21/25), periodic acid Schiff (PAS) negativity (15/19) and tissue invasion
      (15/34), thus giving the impression that ALL in young Nigerians is predominantly
      of an aggressive and hyperproliferative type. The epidemiological features of ALL
      and CLL in Africans suggest a role for the influence of life-style in
      leukaemogenesis while the clinical patterns of these disorders suggest that the
      biological characteristics differ from those of similar diseases in developed
      countries.

PMID- 6598804
TI  - HLA antigens and spinal muscular atrophy.
AB  - Fifty-four patients with spinal muscular atrophy were examined and HLA typing
      performed on blood from each. A, B and DR antigens were determined. No
      statistical difference in antigen prevalence was found between patients and a
      control population. The clinical and genetic heterogeneity found in this disorder
      does not appear to be related to HLA status.

PMID- 6598805
TI  - [Probing. Inter-examiner variability].

PMID- 6598803
TI  - Inhibition of plasma membrane NADH dehydrogenase by adriamycin and related
      anthracycline antibiotics.
AB  - Doxorubicin (adriamycin) is cytotoxic to cells, but the biochemical basis for
      this effect is unknown, although intercalation with DNA has been proposed This
      study suggests that the cytotoxicity of this drug may be due to inhibition of the
      plasma membrane redox system, which is involved in the control of cellular
      growth. Concentrations between 10(-6) - 10(-7) M adriamycin inhibit plasma
      membrane redox reactions greater than 50%. AD32, a form of adriamycin which does
      not intercalate with DNA, but is cytotoxic, also inhibits the plasma membrane
      redox system. Thus, the cytotoxic effects of adriamycin, which limit its use as a
      drug, may be based on the inhibition of a transplasma membrane dehydrogenase
      involved in a plasma membrane redox system.

PMID- 6598806
TI  - [Crown margin preparation and measurement of the reduction. Instruments with new
      geometry and surgical protocol].

PMID- 6598807
TI  - [Gingivectomy: state of the art].

PMID- 6598808
TI  - [Elimination of gingival clefts following extractions in orthodontics].

PMID- 6598809
TI  - [Oral hygiene in students at the School of Dentistry of the University of
      Strasbourg I].

PMID- 6598810
TI  - [Epithelial-connective tissue grafts: various technics].

PMID- 6598811
TI  - [Sharpening of instruments in periodontics].

PMID- 6598812
TI  - [Double blind study of the effect of a 0.2% chlorhexidine gel on gingival
      inflammation].

PMID- 6598813
TI  - [The infrabony lesion: therapy using remodelling].

PMID- 6598814
TI  - [A clinical entity: aggressive periodontitis].

PMID- 6598815
TI  - Bulimia and alcoholism: two sides of the same coin?
AB  - There has been an epidemic rise recently in the number of women evidencing
      bulimia, an addictive cycle of binge eating and purging of food. A significant
      number of bulimics are reported to abuse alcohol and drugs as well. There is a
      need to account for the serious problem of symptom substitution in substance
      abusing populations. Substance abuse is considered within the framework of ego
      growth, with a particular focus on developmental deficits and compensatory
      actions. Alcohol, food, and drugs all serve as attempts to minimize the impact of
      ego deficits. In this regard, the function the substance serves is more crucial
      than the specific substance abused. A treatment model for bulimia is outlined
      which addresses both the addiction at hand and the underlying developmental
      deficits.

PMID- 6598816
TI  - [Various types of cysts of the jaw bone (II)].

PMID- 6598817
TI  - [Comparison of 3 different technics of root canal obturation. Scanning electron
      microscopy study].

PMID- 6598818
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of chronic desquamative gingivitis].

PMID- 6598819
TI  - [Tomographic survey of a group of patients with temporomandibular dysfunction].

PMID- 6598820
TI  - [Role of orthopantomography in the diagnosis of dens invaginatus and its
      complications].

PMID- 6598821
TI  - [Various types of rare jaw bone cysts (III)].

PMID- 6598822
TI  - [Arch formation during multi-banded technic].

PMID- 6598823
TI  - [Surgical-orthodontic therapy for impacted upper central incisors].

PMID- 6598824
TI  - [Prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction pathology in a group of orthodontic
      patients].

PMID- 6598825
TI  - [Surgical-orthodontic therapy of impacted upper canines].

PMID- 6598826
TI  - [Strategies in diagnosis in orthodontics].

PMID- 6598827
TI  - [Proposal for an alpha-numeric formula in orthodontics].

PMID- 6598828
TI  - [Geometric study of the lingual and vestibular surfaces of the teeth].

PMID- 6598829
TI  - [Rapid treatment of prognathic syndrome].

PMID- 6598830
TI  - [Foreseeing anchorage preparation using a set-up].

PMID- 6598831
TI  - [Application of the visualization of treatment objective (VTO) in a case of Class
      II using Ricketts cephalometric analysis].

PMID- 6598832
TI  - [Surgical-orthodontic treatment of maxillofacial malformations: evaluation of the
      results obtained using Holdaway's esthetic analysis].

PMID- 6598833
TI  - [Clinico-kinesiographic diagnosis of temporomandibular pain-dysfunction syndrome
      in basal bone malformations].

PMID- 6598834
TI  - Disruption of fore- and hindlimb coordination during overground locomotion in
      cats with bilateral serial hemisection of the spinal cord.
AB  - In order to investigate if inter-limb propriospinal reflexes participate in
      coordination of locomotive movements of fore- and hindlimbs, we examined the
      relations between fore- and hindlimbs during overground locomotion of adult cats
      with spinal cord lesions. In a group of cats (T-T preparations), the spinal cord
      was hemisected first at around Th12 and then at intervals of 37-126 days
      contralaterally at mid-thoracic level, propriospinal tracts being mostly severed
      in this group. In a second group of cats (C-T preparations), which received
      hemisections first at around C2 and then at intervals of 21-73 days at mid
      thoracic level, propriospinal tracts were left intact at least on one side of the
      spinal cord. Control observations were also made in intact cats and those with
      single hemisections at C2 or Th12, or with double unilateral hemisections at Th6
      and Th12. Thus, it was found that in both T-T and C-T preparations, step length
      of the forelimbs was shortened significantly, whereas that of the hindlimbs was
      significantly lengthened. Furthermore, phase relations between the fore- and
      hindlimbs were completely lost in these preparations, suggesting that the
      stepping generator for the forelimbs operates independently of that for the
      hindlimbs. In other single-hemisected or unilaterally double-hemisected
      preparations, by contrast, no such changes were observed. The close similarity of
      the results in T-T and C-T preparations, in spite of different degrees of
      impairment of propriospinal tracts in them, leads to a conclusion that inter-limb
      propriospinal reflexes play little role in coordination of locomotive movements
      of fore- and hindlimbs.

PMID- 6598835
TI  - [The 3d molar from an orthodontic point of view].

PMID- 6598836
TI  - [Fluoridation of salt and the prevention of dental caries in Switzerland].

PMID- 6598837
TI  - [Lesions of self mutilation due to biting of the lower lip: therapeutic
      considerations].

PMID- 6598838
TI  - [Particular clinical use for beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramic].

PMID- 6598839
TI  - [Organization and rationale in childrens' preventive dentistry].

PMID- 6598840
TI  - [Eagle syndrome or the styloid process syndrome].

PMID- 6598841
TI  - [Perception, intervention and education of dentists in relation to the problem of
      patient anxiety].

PMID- 6598842
TI  - [The dentist, the child and the cavity bug. Communications in the treatment of
      very young children: the language of the story].

PMID- 6598843
TI  - [Various cases of bone angioma].

PMID- 6598844
TI  - [Interceptive treatment of the so-called "isthmus of the fauces syndrome"].

PMID- 6598845
TI  - [A "storehouse" for dental materials in the dental office. An inventory of the
      materials in the storehouse].

PMID- 6598846
TI  - [Leakage of endodontic cements into the mandibular canal].

PMID- 6598847
TI  - [Experimental application of beta-tricalcium phosphate in oral surgery: initial
      results].

PMID- 6598849
TI  - [Juvenile periodontitis].

PMID- 6598848
TI  - [Intentional replantation and trans-alveolar cystectomy: a clinical case].

PMID- 6598850
TI  - [Removal of plaque and difficult stains].

PMID- 6598851
TI  - [Caries in the mixed dentition in Roman schools].

PMID- 6598853
TI  - [Cause of malocclusion and preventive intervention].

PMID- 6598852
TI  - [Cervical tooth hypersensitivity. Clinical-experimental results with a
      desensitizing toothpaste].

PMID- 6598854
TI  - [Bad habits that cause oral malocclusions].

PMID- 6598855
TI  - [A case report of orthodontic treatment in an adult patient].

PMID- 6598856
TI  - [Fluorides in diet of children].

PMID- 6598857
TI  - [Keratoacanthoma of the lower lip].

PMID- 6598858
TI  - [Stress and dental practice].

PMID- 6598859
TI  - [Clinical evidence on focal infection. Critical review of 120 cases].

PMID- 6598860
TI  - [Factors in professional satisfaction in dentistry].

PMID- 6598861
TI  - [Experimental materials for oral implantation].

PMID- 6598862
TI  - [Notes on a therapeutic approach to malocclusion in childhood].

PMID- 6598863
TI  - [Physical characterization of various composites for restorations].

PMID- 6598864
TI  - [Preventive aspects of caries in childhood].

PMID- 6598865
TI  - [Epidemiologic survey of dento-periodontal disease in a compulsory school
      population in the Codogno region].

PMID- 6598866
TI  - An approach to a computer analysis of histologic images of giant cell tumor of
      bone and osteosarcoma.

PMID- 6598867
TI  - [Epidemiology of dental caries in the school population of the Cittaducale
      education system: preliminary study for a prevention program].

PMID- 6598868
TI  - [Fixation of fluoride to teeth: a comparison between sodium fluoride and amine
      fluoride].

PMID- 6598869
TI  - [Do the Buddhist monks have dental caries? Dental research in Ladakh].

PMID- 6598870
TI  - [Opinions of a group of patients in relation to periodontal therapy].

PMID- 6598871
TI  - [Need for periodontal treatment in a group of adults].

PMID- 6598872
TI  - [New possibilities for intra-oral traction].

PMID- 6598873
TI  - [Electronic identification of slides in dentistry].

PMID- 6598874
TI  - [Role and education of dental auxiliary personnel in the member countries of the
      European Council and in Finland].

PMID- 6598875
TI  - Senate hearing on the potential environmental consequences of genetic
      engineering.

PMID- 6598877
TI  - [Platinum: the little unloved silver].

PMID- 6598876
TI  - [Occlusal relation. 2].

PMID- 6598878
TI  - [Occlusal relation. 3].

PMID- 6598879
TI  - [Occlusal relation. 4].

PMID- 6598880
TI  - [Occlusal relation. 5].

PMID- 6598881
TI  - [Platinum].

PMID- 6598882
TI  - [Automatic articulator for complete dentures].

PMID- 6598883
TI  - [Occlusal relation. 6].

PMID- 6598885
TI  - [Bulimia, a form of pathological eating. Clinical and electroencephalographic
      experience in 16 patients].

PMID- 6598884
TI  - [Meningeal involvement in acute leukemia of children].

PMID- 6598886
TI  - [Autoimmunity and oral lichen planus. Literature review and our clinical
      experiences].

PMID- 6598888
TI  - [Dental associations].

PMID- 6598887
TI  - [Examination of a case of bigemination in the light of possibilities of
      microscopic study].

PMID- 6598890
TI  - [Current aspects and perspectives in modern dentistry].

PMID- 6598889
TI  - [Use of a drug combination of deoxyribonuclease and bromelain in post-operative
      oral surgery].

PMID- 6598891
TI  - [Facial asymmetry due to unilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis, occurring
      during growth: surgical treatment].

PMID- 6598892
TI  - [Recent advances in the neurophysiology of the salivary glands].

PMID- 6598894
TI  - [Clinical case of verrucous carcinoma with large palatal extension].

PMID- 6598893
TI  - [Proposal for a new technic to find the "therapeutic position" in patients with
      meniscus-condylar dyskinesia].

PMID- 6598895
TI  - [Clinical-statistical study of jaw cysts in childhood].

PMID- 6598896
TI  - [Effect of 904 nanometer laser light on the lesions induced in the mandible of
      rats].

PMID- 6598897
TI  - [Hyperdontia: report of a familial case].

PMID- 6598898
TI  - [Effect of various diets on the incidence of caries in the occlusal fissures and
      smooth surfaces of the molars of caries-susceptible rats].

PMID- 6598899
TI  - [Effect of the ingestion of dietary aspartame on the development of caries in
      young rats].

PMID- 6598900
TI  - [An unlucky patient].

PMID- 6598901
TI  - [Prevalence of markers to hepatitis B virus in dentists in eastern Lombardy].

PMID- 6598902
TI  - [Use of a fluoride ion-sensitive electrode for the determination of fluorides in
      saliva using the Gran method].

PMID- 6598903
TI  - [Schedule for orodental prevention in cases of radiotherapy for neoplasms in the
      oro-maxillofacial region].

PMID- 6598904
TI  - [Ankyloglossia: etiopathogenetic aspects and clinical evaluation].

PMID- 6598905
TI  - [Precancerous lesions of the oral cavity. Prevention of their malignant
      transformation: outline for prevention].

PMID- 6598906
TI  - Relation of selected risk factors of atherosclerosis to coronarographic findings
      in males.

PMID- 6598907
TI  - Pathology of the central nervous system in patients suffering from hyperactive
      pituitary adenomas as reflected in quantified EEG patterns.

PMID- 6598908
TI  - Mycotic infection of the maxillary sinuses.

PMID- 6598909
TI  - Influence of antihistamines on the effect of histamine in the vascular bed of
      isolated perfused rabbit liver.

PMID- 6598910
TI  - Effect of histamine on bile flow of isolated rabbit liver. Influence of
      premedication with antihistaminics.

PMID- 6598911
TI  - Effect of sixty-minute warm ischaemia on the functional and biochemical indices
      of viability of the isolated, normothermally perfused rabbit liver.

PMID- 6598912
TI  - [Organization of geriatric care in the USSR].

PMID- 6598913
TI  - Bacterial vaginosis.

PMID- 6598914
TI  - Motile curved bacilli. Isolation and investigation.
AB  - Motile curved bacilli seen in vaginal secretions have been isolated on Columbia
      agar supplemented with 5% human blood and vitamin K. Growth occurred both
      anaerobically and in 5% oxygen, but not under more aerobic conditions. There were
      two distinct groups of these organisms, distinguishable by morphology,
      biochemical activity, antigenic pattern and susceptibility to metronidazole. All
      isolates were sensitive to a wide range of antimicrobial agents, with the
      exception of nalidixic acid and polymyxin. One group was resistant to
      metronidazole.

PMID- 6598915
TI  - Anaerobic vaginosis. Clinical and diagnostic aspects.
AB  - Anaerobic vaginosis (non-specific vaginitis) is a common vaginal infection in
      patients attending departments of genito-urinary medicine. Clinical features,
      including signs and symptoms, are described, as also are the simple tests which
      can be used in the clinic to confirm the diagnosis. It is suggested that greater
      agreement on the precise nature of these clinical features will facilitate
      comparison of results from different centres. The close correlation between the
      results of in-clinic tests (microscopy, amine-testing and pH measurement) and
      laboratory investigations shows these latter, expensive tests to be unnecessary.

PMID- 6598917
TI  - Differential characteristics of a small gram-negative anaerobe associated with
      non-gonococcal urethritis which morphologically resembles Bacteroides
      ureolyticus.
AB  - Strains of a small, Gram-negative anaerobe described as 'NGU-associated' because
      of its apparent association with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU), grew
      synergistically with anaerobic cocci on primary isolation. Subsequently, it was
      found that the addition of formate-fumarate to the media enhanced their growth.
      The organisms were asaccharolytic and, unlike most anaerobes, produced oxidase
      (cytochrome c) and tolerated 5% oxygen when grown in an atmosphere of 2%
      hydrogen, 7.5% carbon dioxide and 85.5% nitrogen. The strains examined appeared
      homogeneous culturally, morphologically and biochemically, and had some
      characteristics in common with Bacteroides ureolyticus (NCTC 10948) and Wolinella
      succinogenes (ATCC 29543). However, the latter was flagellated and had a DNA G +
      C content (46-49 mol%) that was different from B. ureolyticus (28 mol%) and the
      NGU-associated strains (28-30 mol%). These strains and B. ureolyticus shared many
      properties but electron microscopy of the NGU-associated strains revealed polar
      pili which were not seen on the strain of B. ureolyticus examined. Other tests
      which differentiated B. ureolyticus from the NGU-associated strains, being
      positive only for the latter, were lysine and ornithine decarboxylation, beta
      haemolysis and growth in 5% oxygen: those that were negative for the NGU
      associated strains were pitting of agar on primary culture and the production of
      acetate and lactate as metabolic end-products. Despite these differences, the NGU
      associated strains may be biotypes or variants of B. ureolyticus, a species which
      we now consider needs further study and classification.

PMID- 6598916
TI  - The significance of finding curved rods in the vaginal secretions of patients
      attending a genito-urinary medical clinic.
AB  - Curved rods were found in 108 (21.6%) of 500 women consecutively attending a
      genito-urinary medical clinic. A positive association was elicited with the
      wearing of an intra-uterine contraceptive device (p less than 0.001), intercourse
      with a casual or multiple sexual partners within the preceding 3 months (p less
      than 0.001) and concurrent chlamydial infection of the uterine cervix (p less
      than 0.025). There was no apparent relationship with contact with non-candidal
      balanitis, but an increased rate (31.3%) was noted in contacts of non-gonococcal
      urethritis indicating a need for further research into a possible aetiological
      role.

PMID- 6598918
TI  - Development and evaluation of a selective medium for an anaerobe associated with
      non-gonococcal urethritis.
AB  - The purpose of the study was to develop a selective medium for the isolation of
      an anaerobe that is associated with non-gonococcal urethritis. This was achieved
      by determining the sensitivity of 64 strains of the NGU-associated anaerobe to 20
      antibiotics and three dyes by the disc-diffusion method. Then the MIC of eight of
      these antimicrobial agents for ten of the strains was determined by a tube
      dilution method. The results led to the formulation of a selective agar medium
      based on the incorporation of polymyxin (0.15 IU/ml), trimethoprim (10
      micrograms/ml), vancomycin (10 micrograms/ml) and methyl green (32
      micrograms/ml). This medium supported growth of the NGU-associated anaerobe but
      did not support growth of the other anaerobes tested. The selective nature of the
      medium made possible the recovery of the NGU-associated anaerobe from 13 of the
      25 specimens from men with NGU, compared with isolation from only 8 of these men
      when using a non-selective medium.

PMID- 6598919
TI  - Haemagglutination by vaginal anaerobic curved rods and its inhibition by
      oligosaccharides.
AB  - Except for occasional (6/45) strains, both the short (21/24) and long (16/21)
      variants of anaerobic curved rods isolated from the vagina of women with
      bacterial vaginosis were capable of agglutinating human, guinea pig and sheep
      erythrocytes. The agglutination was not affected by heat treatment, i.e. up to 80
      degrees C for 30 minutes, of the bacteria prior to use. Nor was the agglutination
      influenced by 50 mM EDTA or 50 mM D-mannose. To elucidate receptors on the
      erythrocyte membrane responsible for the agglutination, various free
      oligosaccharides and glycoproteins were tested for haemagglutination-inhibiting
      capacity, using representative strains of the short variant. Glycoproteins
      containing terminal lactosamine structures inhibited the agglutination.

PMID- 6598920
TI  - An in vitro study of the attachment to vaginal epithelial cells of anaerobic
      curved rods, Bacteroides bivius and Bacteroides disiens.
AB  - An in vitro test system was used to study the influence of different pH levels on
      the adherence of anaerobic curved rods (ACR) of the long (LCR) and short type
      (SCR), of Bacteroides bivius and B. disiens, to vaginal epithelial cells (VEC)
      obtained from healthy women. There was a significant increase in the adherence of
      ACR (p less than 0.05) and B. bivius (p less than 0.05) at decreasing acidity.
      LCR adhered significantly better than SCR at pH 7.5 as compared with pH 4.0 (p
      less than 0.01). 'Clue cells' seen in wet mounts from vaginal discharge of women
      with bacterial vaginosis were very similar to VEC covered with ACR in in vitro
      tests.

PMID- 6598921
TI  - Subdivision of vaginal isolates of anaerobic curved bacteria based on genetic,
      morphologic, biochemical and gas-chromatographic/mass-spectrometric studies.
AB  - By DNA-DNA hybridization we could recognize two distinct groups of anaerobic
      curved rods (CR) that had been isolated from the vaginal content of women with
      bacterial vaginosis. On the basis of morphological studies these two groups
      correlated with one group of short, Gram-variable, curved rods (SCR) and another
      consisting of similar but somewhat longer rods (LCR). The SCR had up to four
      flagella per cell and the LCR up to eight. Among 79 biochemical tests, only tests
      for ONPG and arginine dehydrolase differentiated the two groups, SCR being
      positive and LCR negative. The gas chromatographic analysis of spent culture
      medium revealed that LCR, but not SCR, produced oxalacetic and oxalic acids. The
      groups were also differentiated by gas-chromatographic/mass-spectrometric
      patterns of certain cellular fatty aldehydes. Cell wall structure and presence of
      cytoplasmic inclusions did not distinguish SCR from LCR. On the basis of DNA-DNA
      hybridization values the SCR formed a more heterogeneous group than did LCR. Of
      all biochemical tests performed, only the production of alpha-galactosidase
      separated two strains of SCR that showed a low percentage of hybridization along
      with the rest of the SCR strains. Our study does not support a subdivision of
      SCR.

PMID- 6598922
TI  - Reports from the working groups at the Symposium on Bacterial Vaginosis
      (Stockholm, January 1984).

PMID- 6598923
TI  - Light and electron microscopic studies of anaerobic curved bacteria isolated from
      the vagina.
AB  - Twenty strains of anaerobic curved rods isolated from vaginal secretion were
      studied with light and transmission electron microscopy. Ten of the strains were
      of a short (approx. 1.5 microns) Gram-variable type, while ten were of a long
      (approx. 3 microns) Gram-negative type. The former had one to four flagella and
      the latter between one and eight. The flagella originated from the concave aspect
      of the cells. Thin sections of both types of bacteria revealed an approximately
      30 nm thick cell wall with no outer membrane, similar to that of most Gram
      positive bacteria. An electron-dense zone in the middle of the cell wall,
      atypical of Gram-positive bacteria, was found, however. Amorphous and electron
      translucent cytoplasmic inclusions, not membrane-enclosed, were detected. These
      inclusions stained metachromatically with Albert's stain.

PMID- 6598924
TI  - Biochemical and polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analyses of vaginosis
      associated anaerobic curved rods.
AB  - Morphologic, biochemical, and sodium-dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis characteristics of twenty-six anaerobic curved rods isolated from
      vaginal discharge or transcervical uterine cultures were compared with each other
      and with those of five known control strains of anaerobic bacilli. The curved
      rods could be divided into two distinct groups, based on shared morphological
      characteristics and similar patterns of major cell protein bands. The protein
      band pattern exhibited by Group I organisms, which were short, Gram-variable,
      comma-shaped bacilli, did not resemble the protein band pattern of Group II
      organisms, which were seen as long, thin, Gram-negative curved rods.
      Polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of protein band patterns of these
      curved rods failed to show any strong similarities to the patterns of the five
      known bacterial strains that were tested. Although the role of these organisms in
      the etiology of bacterial vaginosis is not known at present, characterization
      studies such as this should facilitate the further recognition and identification
      of these bacilli as a prerequisite to determining their significance in human
      infection.

PMID- 6598925
TI  - Gas chromatographic analysis of cellular fatty acids in anaerobic curved bacteria
      isolated from the vagina.
AB  - The fatty acid compositions of forty-five strains of anaerobic curved rods
      isolated from vaginal content were analysed by gas chromatography. Twenty-six of
      the strains were of a short Gram-variable type and 19 of a long Gram-negative
      type. The bacteria were subjected to alkaline saponification, after which the
      liberated fatty acids were methylated using boron trichloride-methanol. The
      samples were introduced onto a cross-linked (SE-54) fused silica capillary
      column. The major peaks in the chromatograms from all strains corresponded to
      C14:0, C16:0, C18:2, C18:1 and C18:0 fatty acids. Five additional components were
      seen, three of them identified by mass spectrometry as fatty aldehydes (saturated
      and unsaturated) of 16 to 18 carbon atoms, whereas the remaining two were not
      identified. The fatty aldehydes indicated the presence of plasmalogens in the
      bacterial strains studied. With two exceptions, all of the short rods were
      distinguishable from the long ones by the presence of one aldehyde and two
      unidentified compounds, all three eluting between C16:0 and C18:2.

PMID- 6598926
TI  - Genetic relationships of short and long anaerobic curved rods isolated from the
      vagina.
AB  - DNA from anaerobic curved rods (CR) isolated from the human vagina were analysed
      regarding sequence homology and guanine + cytosine content. Of the strains of CR
      tested, ten belonged to the short (SCR) (approximately 1 micron) and eight to the
      long (LCR) (approximately 2-4 micron) CR type. A low level of homology (5-10%)
      was found between SCR and LCR. The LCR were a fairly homogeneous group of
      bacteria, with homologies ranging from 70 to 100%. The SCR fell into three DNA
      homology groups: one with 85%, and another with approximately 60% homology, while
      two strains belonging to the latter group hybridized with only 33%.

PMID- 6598927
TI  - Two curved rods in non-specific vaginitis.
AB  - Sixteen isolates from the vaginal discharge of women with bacterial vaginosis
      (non-specific vaginitis) and six provided by other investigators were divided
      into two groups on the basis of morphology and biochemical tests. Only one
      organism type was isolated from any one patient. The two groups differed in size,
      number of flagella, enzyme production, ability to ferment carbohydrates,
      hydrolyse hippurate and arginine, reduce nitrate, and produce ONPG, and in
      sensitivity to metronidazole. Both groups fermented glucose and maltose, produced
      succinate from glucose and alpha-glucosidase and leucine arylamidase.

PMID- 6598928
TI  - Morphological and chemical characteristics of anaerobic curved rod-shaped
      bacteria from the female genital tract.
AB  - Twenty-eight strains of anaerobic curved rod-shaped (ACR) bacteria isolated from
      the female genital tract were examined and compared with reference strains of
      Bacteroides, Campylobacter and Wolinella and with 5 anaerobic strains associated
      with urethritis in male patients. The isolates were received from seven
      laboratories in Britain and Sweden during the past 12 months. The vaginitis
      isolates were divided into two groups according to the Gram staining reaction,
      cell morphology as studied by electron microscopy, biochemical activity tested by
      conventional and API ZYM tests, electrophoretic mobilities of cellular proteins
      and chemical compositions of chromosomal DNA. A number of important differences
      were revealed between the two groups, and between them and allied bacteria. The
      short Gram-positive (SCR), slightly curved rods had 1 to 3 subterminal lateral
      flagella and were biochemically more active than the long Gram-negative (LCR)
      strains, which were more curved and had 3 to 8 flagella. Both ACR groups were
      different from allied bacteria in their protein profiles and DNA base
      compositions: the Gram-positive strains had mol%G+C contents of 55.1 +/- 0.6,
      whereas those of the Gram-negative strains were 53.5 +/- 0.6 mol%. The protein
      profiles also indicated some heterogeneity within each of the ACR groups. We
      suggest these ACR strains comprise two distinct species, which are unrelated to
      the urethritis isolates with G+C contents of 29.9 +/- 0.9 mol% and to the
      reference strains.

PMID- 6598929
TI  - Death and dying: reflections of an intensivist.

PMID- 6598930
TI  - Comparison of cortisol-cortisone interconversion in vitro by the human and baboon
      placenta.
AB  - The kinetics of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11HSD) catalyzing the
      interconversion of cortisol (F) and cortisone (E) were compared in vitro
      following incubation of homogenates of human (N = 7) and baboon (N = 2) placenta.
      In both species, enzyme activity catalyzing the conversion of F to E was
      associated with the membrane fraction of the cell, was greater in the presence of
      NAD+ than NADP+, was of similar concentration within the placenta, and exhibited
      a similar Km for F. Moreover, there was no conversion of E to F in either the
      baboon or human placenta indicating that in both species, term placenta lacks the
      11HSD enzyme catalyzing the reduction of the 11-oxo group of corticosteroids.
      Significantly, the conversion of F to E by both the baboon and human placenta was
      inhibited when progesterone was added to the reaction mixture at concentrations
      equimolar to the substrate. We conclude that 11HSD enzyme kinetics in term baboon
      placental homogenates are similar to those measured in human term placenta.
      Moreover, progesterone may be a physiologic regulator of 11HSD in both the human
      and baboon placenta. Collectively, our findings support the use of the baboon as
      a model for studies of the regulation of placental corticosteroid metabolism
      during human pregnancy.

PMID- 6598931
TI  - Effect of allylisopropylacetamide and Sedormid on enzymes of steroid metabolism
      in rat liver.
AB  - Female rats, treated with allylisopropylacetamide (AIA) showed a marked decrease
      of hepatic NADH-5 alpha-reductase, NADPH-5 alpha-reductase, NAD+- and NADP+-3
      alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities and an increase of the activity of
      NADH- and NADPH-5 beta-reductase and NAD+ and NADP+-3 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase. Administration of Sedormid decreased the activities of 5 alpha
      reductases and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (substrate, 5 alpha
      dihydrotestosterone) and increased the activity of NADH-5 beta-reductase, whereas
      no effect was seen on NADPH-5 beta-reductase and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase.

PMID- 6598932
TI  - Human osteogenic sarcoma: fine structure of the fibroblastic type.
AB  - The fine structure of representative regions of nine fibroblastic osteogenic
      sarcomas was studied. As judged by light microscopic criteria, the tumors
      represented both highly malignant (grades 3-4) and less malignant (grade 2)
      varieties. By electron microscopy, six basic cell types were found in the
      selected regions (fibroblastlike, histiocytelike, and myofibroblastlike cells,
      along with xanthoma cells, multinucleated giant cells, and undifferentiated
      cells). In addition, occasional osteoblastlike cells were encountered.
      Fibroblastlike cells in general, and especially in grade 2 tumors, showed a fine
      structure, enabling differentiation from osteoblastlike cells. Multinucleated
      giant cells were of two morphologic types, and the fine structure appeared to be
      related to the malignancy potential and differentiation of the tumors. Many
      multinucleated giant cells in grade 2 tumors had a ruffled border and appeared to
      be highly active in digestive events (especially phagocytosis of whole cells and
      portions of cells). Accumulation of variable amounts of lipid in droplet form was
      common in the various types of cells present in the tissues. The observations
      were discussed with particular emphasis on the interrelationships and functional
      roles of the cells.

PMID- 6598933
TI  - Towards a national policy for the provision of village water supplies in Papua
      New Guinea.

PMID- 6598934
TI  - The role of traditional medical practice in Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 6598935
TI  - The cariostatic effect of betel nut chewing.
AB  - The island of Aua 143 miles off the N.E. coast of Papua New Guinea has a
      population consisting of (41%) Roman Catholics who chew betel nut regularly and
      (59%) Seventh Day Adventists who do not. This provided an ideal opportunity to
      compare the effects of betel nut chewing on all aspects of dental health against
      an identical population who did not chew and therefore provided an excellent
      control. The results of this survey showed, for those of the population who had
      never lived away from the island, that for betel nut chewers the prevalence of
      dental caries was 23% whereas for non-chewers it was considerably and
      statistically significantly greater at 49%. The amount of dental caries as
      measured by DMFT was also considerably and statistically significantly greater
      for this group of non-chewers at 1.162 compared with 0.364 for chewers. The above
      findings confirmed the work of other investigators which at the time of this
      survey were not known to the author, and this led to a laboratory investigation
      of the possibility that the betel nut stain may mediate its effect by acting as a
      chemical or physical barrier against the acid attack of dental caries. Betel nut
      stained teeth from PNG, which had been extracted due to periodontal disease were
      prepared with "windows" of enamel from which the betel nut stain had been
      removed, and their roots were protected by layers of varnish. These teeth were
      maintained in an "Artificial Caries Medium" at pH's of 3.5, 4.0 and 4.5 for
      several months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6598936
TI  - Interactions between disease and malnutrition on the Nembi Plateau, Papua New
      Guinea.

PMID- 6598938
TI  - A paediatric observation ward.
AB  - The paediatric ward and paediatric outpatients at Port Moresby General Hospital
      have become increasingly crowded during the past few years. 15% of paediatric
      admissions stayed less than 24 hours, which meant that much work was done
      unnecessarily on these patients who would be better regarded as outpatients. A
      paediatric observation ward was opened in September 1982 to help overcome these
      problems. An analysis of the 2132 admissions to the observation ward during 1983
      showed that 89% of the children were later sent home without requiring hospital
      admission.

PMID- 6598937
TI  - Trends in sexually transmitted disease incidence in Papua New Guinea.
AB  - A retrospective study of gonorrhoea and syphilis from Health Department records
      was carried out in Papua New Guinea. During the ten-year period (1974-1983)
      101,636 new cases of gonorrhoea and 34,422 of syphilis were reported among the
      general population of Papua New Guinea. The incidence of both sexually
      transmitted disease have significantly (P less than 0.005) increased over the
      decade despite the introduction and implementation of the National Sexually
      Transmitted Disease (STD) Control Programme. Some which contribute to the present
      increase in sexually transmitted diseases are segregation of health and non
      health services, insufficient staff training and increased immigration to urban
      centres.

PMID- 6598940
TI  - Prostaglandins and peptic ulcer disease.

PMID- 6598939
TI  - Digoxin type toxicity from ingestion of Thevetia peruvila or the case of the
      betel nut that wasn't.

PMID- 6598941
TI  - [Small doses of ARA-C in the treatment of myeloblastic leukemia and blast crisis
      of myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 6598942
TI  - Use of hyper-thin, low water content hydrophilic lenses for extended wear.
AB  - A study was conducted to determine the efficacy of low water content, hyper-thin
      lenses for extended wear by myopic patients. Patients selected had from 1 to 7 D
      of simple myopia or myopia with up to 2 D of astigmatism. Patients were either
      first time wearers or previously successful soft lens wearers. All patients were
      fitted with Bausch & Lomb O3 or O4 series lenses and were evaluated for 6 months.
      Either heat or a chemical disinfection system was used. The study shows that
      Bausch & Lomb O Series lenses may be used successfully for up to 1 week of
      continuous wear. Visual acuity, patient comfort, lens life, and physiological
      tolerance compared favorably with those achieved when the currently available
      high water content lenses were used for extended wear.

PMID- 6598943
TI  - [Lichen planus of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6598945
TI  - [Aspects of oral pathology: benign epithelial nevus].

PMID- 6598944
TI  - [Congenital dyskeratosis].

PMID- 6598946
TI  - [Aspects of oral pathology: Fordyce granules].

PMID- 6598947
TI  - [Children's fear in pediatric dentistry].

PMID- 6598948
TI  - [Aspects of oral pathology: primary cheilitis].

PMID- 6598949
TI  - [Aspects of oral pathology: the oral mucosa in acute leukemia].

PMID- 6598950
TI  - [Means of reducing children's fear in the dental office].

PMID- 6598951
TI  - [Size of the mandibular arch in relation to growth].

PMID- 6598952
TI  - [Etiopathogenetic considerations in lichen planus of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6598953
TI  - [Osteosarcoma of the jawbone].

PMID- 6598954
TI  - The Negritos: genetic origins and microevolution.
AB  - Genetic markers were examined on a total of 1,027 blood samples collected from
      the Aeta of Luzon and the Mamanwa of Mindanao as well as 4 other Negrito groups
      of the Philippines. Genetic distance analyses by means of Nei's method were
      carried out using frequency data for up to 21 polymorphic loci. The geographical
      distributions of protein variants showing private polymorphism were also
      examined. It was shown that (1) the Negrito populations examined, except the
      Mamanwa, form one cluster group on the dendrogram, (2) no close relationship
      exists between the Negritos and Africans, (3) Negritos are more closely related
      to south-east Asian populations than to Australian Aborigines and New Guineans.
      It is postulated that the Mamanwa are derived from the ancestral Proto-Malay
      population of late-Pleistocene Sundaland, from which the Negritos also evolved
      with a phenotypic specialization of small body size probably due to the
      adaptation to tropical rain forest.

PMID- 6598956
TI  - Pantographic reproducibility (PRI) and its value in the management of occlusion.

PMID- 6598955
TI  - Ethanol-induced inhibition of norepinephrine release from brain slices obtained
      from LS and SS mice.
AB  - The effects of ethanol or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on K+-ion-stimulated or
      spontaneous (3H)-norepinephrine release were assessed in slices prepared from
      cortex and cerebellum of long-sleep (LS) and short-sleep (SS) mice. These lines
      were selectively bred for differences in ethanol-induced sleep time. Ethanol
      inhibited K+-stimulated release from LS cortical slices at lower concentrations
      than that required to inhibit release from SS cortical slices. Spontaneous
      release, on the other hand, was enhanced at lower ethanol concentrations in SS
      cortical slices. Ethanol inhibited K+-stimulated release equally in LS and SS
      cerebellar slices. Similarly, ethanol increased spontaneous release equally in LS
      and SS cerebellar slices. Thus, genotype and brain region influence the effect of
      ethanol on norepinephrine release. Since PGE2 has been reported to inhibit
      norepinephrine release, the effect of PGE2 on K+-stimulated norepinephrine
      release was examined in LS and SS cortical slices. PGE2 inhibited norepinephrine
      release equally in the two mouse lines. These data indicate that ethanol may
      elicit some of its depressant effects by altering norepinephrine release. The
      difference between the lines in inhibition of release probably does not involve
      differences in sensitivity to PGE2. Differences in ethanol-induced PGE2
      production could, however, explain the differences in sensitivity of LS and SS
      cortical slices to ethanol-induced inhibition of K+-stimulated norepinephrine
      release.

PMID- 6598957
TI  - Adverse effects of reduction in lower facial height on lip and tongue.

PMID- 6598958
TI  - Alcoholism, genetics and society.

PMID- 6598959
TI  - Conversation with Joy Moser.

PMID- 6598960
TI  - Alcohol and hypertension.

PMID- 6598961
TI  - A process approach to women's use of alcohol services.

PMID- 6598962
TI  - Ethanol is cirrhogenic, whatever the beverage.

PMID- 6598963
TI  - Drug abuse in the medical profession: addict doctors and the home office.

PMID- 6598965
TI  - A sociological analysis of commitment generation in Alcoholics Anonymous.

PMID- 6598964
TI  - The impact of a new alcohol sensitizing agent (nitrefazole) on craving in
      severely dependent alcoholics.

PMID- 6598966
TI  - Drinking habits and alcohol-related beliefs of Australian, Papua New Guinean and
      American youth.

PMID- 6598967
TI  - Stressful life events and alcohol abuse in women: a general population study.

PMID- 6598968
TI  - The relationship between alcohol use and burglary.

PMID- 6598969
TI  - Physiological reactivity to alcohol cues and the awareness of an alcohol effect
      in a double-blind placebo design.

PMID- 6598970
TI  - Plasma nicotine concentrations from repeated doses of nasal nicotine solution.

PMID- 6598971
TI  - Clinical aspects of alcoholic addiction in the Sudan 1st January 1979-31st
      December 1979.

PMID- 6598972
TI  - Essential tremor: a risk factor for alcoholism?

PMID- 6598974
TI  - The present situation and future prospects of image processing computer system in
      nuclear medicine.

PMID- 6598973
TI  - Studies on the pathogenesis of ALS with a review of the literature.

PMID- 6598975
TI  - [Maintenance of alveolar bone height in view of improvements in prosthetic
      conditions. 1. Biomaterials and dental implantology].

PMID- 6598976
TI  - [Kinesiology of the temporomandibular joint: a new muscle test to evaluate the
      normality of occlusion].

PMID- 6598977
TI  - [Electronic pantography: the pantronic].

PMID- 6598978
TI  - [Dimensional variations in metal copings during firing of dental ceramics. 2].

PMID- 6598979
TI  - [Experimental study of the vertical dimension at rest with the combined use of
      teleradiography and electromyography].

PMID- 6598981
TI  - Development of a new cement.

PMID- 6598980
TI  - [Skeletal metastasis of osteosarcoma].

PMID- 6598982
TI  - Permeability of cavity varnish and liner to some cations.

PMID- 6598983
TI  - A clinical trial on isobutyl cyanoacrylate as a protective adhesive in recurrent
      aphthous ulceration (RAU).

PMID- 6598984
TI  - Erosive action of vitamin C on rat molars in vivo.

PMID- 6598985
TI  - An assessment of mandibular molar attrition in a selection of South African
      Blacks.

PMID- 6598986
TI  - Incidence and antibody titres to Streptococcus mutans in a group of dental
      students.

PMID- 6598987
TI  - The nature of the epithelium adjacent to oral squamous carcinoma and the
      relationship to tobacco.

PMID- 6598989
TI  - An introduction to a symposium in geriatric dentistry: issues in gerontology.

PMID- 6598988
TI  - Action of urea solutions on unerupted and erupted teeth: an investigation on late
      maturation of human enamel.

PMID- 6598990
TI  - An alternative method for financing care for the non-institutionalized geriatric
      dental patient.

PMID- 6598991
TI  - Artificial saliva in the management of patients suffering from xerostomia.

PMID- 6598992
TI  - Nutritional deficiencies and the oral tissues.

PMID- 6598993
TI  - Gerontology and the practice of geriatric dentistry.

PMID- 6598994
TI  - The aging dental patient: myth and reality.

PMID- 6598995
TI  - [Effect of malocclusion on plaque retention and gingival inflammation].

PMID- 6598996
TI  - [Xero-stratigraphy of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6598997
TI  - [Pretreatment of the stomatognathic system: bite-guards].

PMID- 6598998
TI  - [Post-extraction alveolitis].

PMID- 6598999
TI  - [Benign neoformations of the parotid region: diagnostic notes and therapeutic
      indications].

PMID- 6599000
TI  - [Operative strategy in surgery and resuscitation in maxillofacial injuries].

PMID- 6599001
TI  - [Inhibition of growth in vitro of bacteria from the oral cavity using a
      combination of fosfomycin and ampicillin].

PMID- 6599002
TI  - [Presentation of a chemical adhesive for Class V restorations, without retention,
      with resin filling materials. Practical note].

PMID- 6599003
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics of sodium naproxen in the blood and saliva of healthy
      individuals].

PMID- 6599004
TI  - [Mechanism of action of local anesthetics used in dental practice. 1:
      Experimental research].

PMID- 6599005
TI  - [Minor ambulatory dental surgery].

PMID- 6599006
TI  - [Music therapy in dentistry].

PMID- 6599007
TI  - [Control of anxiety in dentistry].

PMID- 6599008
TI  - [Simultaneous therapy of inflammation and bacterial infection. Proteolytic
      activity of the saliva after administration of bromelain].

PMID- 6599009
TI  - [Therapeutic action of a 904-nanometer-light laser on skin burns in the rat].

PMID- 6599010
TI  - [Pharmacological study of medicated toothpastes for the prevention of dental
      caries].

PMID- 6599011
TI  - [Thyroglossal duct cyst: clinical and therapeutic observations].

PMID- 6599012
TI  - [21 cases of precancerous and cancerous lesions of the lip treated surgically].

PMID- 6599013
TI  - [Level of orodental health in young persons in 2 local public health units in
      Venice].

PMID- 6599014
TI  - [Resistance to abrasion of acrylic resins, composites and dental ceramics:
      experimental verification].

PMID- 6599016
TI  - [Proposals for the organization of a dental service in the facilities of a local
      public health unit].

PMID- 6599015
TI  - [Tumors of the major salivary glands: clinical aspects].

PMID- 6599017
TI  - [Occurrence of periodontal defects at the level of the distal surfaces of last
      molars in a sample of Dutch population].

PMID- 6599018
TI  - [Ambulatory general anesthesia in dentistry].

PMID- 6599019
TI  - [Medical emergencies in the dental office].

PMID- 6599020
TI  - [Periodontal disease in pregnancy: clinical manifestations and correlation with
      sex steroids].

PMID- 6599021
TI  - [Inter-incisal spaces and atypical deglutition: considerations on reflexes and
      parafunctions].

PMID- 6599022
TI  - [Quantitative evaluation of abrasion of various resins and dental ceramics].

PMID- 6599023
TI  - [Junctional relations between fibroblasts of human dental pulp].

PMID- 6599024
TI  - [Pericellular laminar formation in the pulp of rodents (Sciurus m.)].

PMID- 6599025
TI  - [Activity of a non-specific acetyl-esterase (alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase) on
      the odontoblasts of clinically healthy human pulps].

PMID- 6599026
TI  - [Pharmacologic study of disinfectant activities of mouthrinses].

PMID- 6599028
TI  - [CO2 laser in non continuous application to dental hard tissues].

PMID- 6599027
TI  - [Dental tissues--non-precious alloys--ceramics: analysis of the relations].

PMID- 6599029
TI  - [Physiological and clinical considerations of muscular hypertonus in
      malocclusion].

PMID- 6599030
TI  - [Tumors of the major salivary glands: therapeutic aspects (3)].

PMID- 6599031
TI  - [Routine general anesthesia in oral surgery].

PMID- 6599032
TI  - [External immobilization in injuries and maxillo-facial surgery: review of
      available technics and indications].

PMID- 6599033
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of a method of intracoronal fixation using composite resins
      and metal wires].

PMID- 6599034
TI  - [Infectious endocarditis and oro-dental pathology: general considerations (I)].

PMID- 6599035
TI  - [Infectious endocarditis and oro-dental pathology: clinical research (II)].

PMID- 6599036
TI  - [Mastication and time of gastric emptying. Clinical research].

PMID- 6599037
TI  - [Initial clinical experience with Neosono-D in endodontic therapy. I].

PMID- 6599038
TI  - [Analysis of the taste sensitivity of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6599039
TI  - [Leukoplakia of oral cavity: immunological aspects].

PMID- 6599040
TI  - [Clinical and histopathologic interpretation of a recurrence of ameloblastic
      fibroma].

PMID- 6599041
TI  - [Remodeling and augmentation of the height of the anterior upper alveolar process
      in traumatic losses of substance with an alloplastic material (Proplast)].

PMID- 6599043
TI  - [Gingival graft in the correction of periodontal lesions associated with the pull
      syndrome of the vestibular frenum].

PMID- 6599042
TI  - [Surgical technics for anchorage in the basal advancement of the upper jaw
      without posterior bone grafts].

PMID- 6599044
TI  - [Cephalometric study of patients with cleft lip-palate in the deciduous
      dentition].

PMID- 6599045
TI  - [Changes in the lower dental arch during growth].

PMID- 6599046
TI  - [Changes in the inclination of the lower incisors in relation to the mandibular
      bone base during growth].

PMID- 6599047
TI  - [Mesial migration of the permanent lower 1st molars during growth].

PMID- 6599048
TI  - [Mucocele. (Study of 50 biopsied cases)].

PMID- 6599049
TI  - [Plasmacytoma and a case localized in the mouth].

PMID- 6599050
TI  - [Endogenous contamination of amalgam during trituration].

PMID- 6599052
TI  - [Epidemiological study of oro-dental diseases].

PMID- 6599051
TI  - [Can plasma cell gingivitis be considered a pathological entity?].

PMID- 6599053
TI  - [Computerized cephalometric analysis of the results in orthodontic therapy for
      cross bites in the mixed dentition].

PMID- 6599054
TI  - [Mineral composition and structure of the bones and teeth].

PMID- 6599055
TI  - [Simultaneous therapy of inflammation and bacterial infection. Proteolytic
      activity of the saliva after administration of bromelain].

PMID- 6599056
TI  - [Instrument evaluation of the surface adhesion of 8 composite resins].

PMID- 6599057
TI  - [Processes of formation and mineralization of the enamel].

PMID- 6599058
TI  - [Microbiological studies in halitosis].

PMID- 6599059
TI  - [Uptake of radioactive fluoride by germs in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6599060
TI  - [Mechanism of action of local anesthetics used in dental practice. II:
      Experimental research].

PMID- 6599061
TI  - [Salivary elimination of amoxicillin after oral administration].

PMID- 6599062
TI  - [Treatment of fractures of the mandibular condyle].

PMID- 6599063
TI  - [Occupational diseases of dentists located in the region of Venice (statistical
      study)].

PMID- 6599064
TI  - [Determination of the uranium content of dental porcelains and of porcelain
      teeth].

PMID- 6599065
TI  - [Traumatic fractures of the mandible. Clinical control of the results].

PMID- 6599066
TI  - [Mechanism of reaction in the demineralization of the tooth enamel].

PMID- 6599067
TI  - [Effect of fluoride on the mobilization of calcium and phosphorus in healthy
      teeth in vitro. I].

PMID- 6599068
TI  - [Effect of fluoride on the mobilization of calcium and phosphorus in carious
      teeth in vitro. II].

PMID- 6599069
TI  - [Effect of fluoride on the growth and activity of the bacterial flora of healthy
      and carious teeth cultured in glucose in vitro. III].

PMID- 6599070
TI  - [The declining prevalence of dental caries in certain countries and the
      contribution of prevention].

PMID- 6599071
TI  - [A 2-dimensional photoelastic model as an experimental method of measuring
      internal stresses. Applications in dentistry].

PMID- 6599074
TI  - [Oral manifestations of Darier's disease].

PMID- 6599073
TI  - [Accessory root canals in mandibular permanent molar bifurcations].

PMID- 6599072
TI  - [Trace elements of copper and zinc in human oral mucosa].

PMID- 6599076
TI  - [Preservation of the 1st molars with endodontic therapy].

PMID- 6599075
TI  - [Epidemiologic data of dental caries in the 1st permanent molars in Greece and
      methods of prevention].

PMID- 6599077
TI  - [Orthodontic management].

PMID- 6599078
TI  - [The management of prosthetic and occlusal problems].

PMID- 6599079
TI  - [Xeroderma pigmentosum with carcinoma of the lower lip].

PMID- 6599080
TI  - [Lymphoepithelial cyst of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 6599081
TI  - [Cases in which exist indications for surgical extraction].

PMID- 6599082
TI  - [Prevention dentistry in school-age children. What teachers should know].

PMID- 6599083
TI  - [Histologic response of amputated pulps to calcium hydroxide paste. Studies in
      dog teeth].

PMID- 6599084
TI  - [Speech defects and malocclusion].

PMID- 6599085
TI  - [Experimentally induced pulpitis in permanent teeth with open apices.
      Histological studies in dogs].

PMID- 6599086
TI  - [Effect of intraperitoneal injections of sodium fluoride on dental tissue
      development. Experimental-histological study on dogs].

PMID- 6599087
TI  - [Apical titanium pins in apicoectomy].

PMID- 6599088
TI  - [Matrix for restoration of the distal lingual fissure of the 1st maxillary
      molar].

PMID- 6599089
TI  - [A Chios mastiche chewing gum and oral hygiene. I. The possibility of reducing or
      preventing microbial plaque formation].

PMID- 6599090
TI  - [Tumors of minor salivary glands: Analysis of 17 cases].

PMID- 6599091
TI  - [Gingival cysts (report of 3 cases)].

PMID- 6599092
TI  - [The value of endodontics in the treatment of apical cysts].

PMID- 6599093
TI  - [The role of cell-mediated immunity in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease].

PMID- 6599094
TI  - [New polymer veneering systems in fixed prosthetics].

PMID- 6599095
TI  - [Pulp inflammation with reference to the hydration of the colloidal ground
      substance].

PMID- 6599096
TI  - [Autogenous tooth transplants to replace 1st molars in the treatment of juvenile
      periodontitis].

PMID- 6599097
TI  - [Clinical findings from 150 squamous cell carcinomas of the mouth].

PMID- 6599098
TI  - [Cheilitis granulomatosa (report of 3 cases)].

PMID- 6599100
TI  - [Annual meeting of the Swiss Society of Pediatrics. La Chaux-de-Fonds, 15-16 June
      1984. Abstracts, free communications and posters].

PMID- 6599099
TI  - [Oral autopsy--the necessity of identification in cases of disintegration, burnt
      bodies or amputation].

PMID- 6599101
TI  - [Roentgenographic study of edentulous areas of the jaws].

PMID- 6599102
TI  - [Multiple jaw cyst-basal cell nevus syndrome].

PMID- 6599103
TI  - [Unilateral facial paralysis after mandibular nerve block: a case report].

PMID- 6599104
TI  - Identification of stress factors in dentistry and suggested coping methods.

PMID- 6599105
TI  - [Fracture resistance of Class VI restorations with and without metal pins].

PMID- 6599107
TI  - [The dentist and the law. 2--Civil proceedings].

PMID- 6599106
TI  - [Geriatric dentistry].

PMID- 6599108
TI  - C4*A6BQO: a 'new' C4 haplotype.
AB  - A C4 haplotype containing C4*A6 without C4*B1 is described. It occurred in the
      MHC haplotype HLA-A1, Cw5, Bw44, C2*1, BF*S, C4*A6BQO, DR3, GLO 2. This haplotype
      was observed in five of eight siblings, including the propositus who was in renal
      failure. The C4A6 was not haemolytically active and this new haplotype is
      therefore of particular interest since it is functionally equivalent to the rare
      C4-deficient haplotype C4*AQOBQO.

PMID- 6599109
TI  - A survey of the attendance at a Periodontal Department, Northern Ireland.

PMID- 6599110
TI  - The evolution of Black's Class II cavity preparation.

PMID- 6599111
TI  - Goals for oral health in Ireland by the year 2000.

PMID- 6599112
TI  - A modified crown and acid etch bonded splint in a cleft palate patient.

PMID- 6599113
TI  - Central giant cell granuloma. A case report in an eight-year old child.

PMID- 6599114
TI  - Oral iron therapy in human subjects, comparative absorption between ferrous salts
      and iron polymaltose.
AB  - Iron absorption was directly compared between equivalent doses of ferrous salts
      and a polymaltose complex using a twin-isotope technique in which each individual
      acts as his own control. In the first study, bioavailability of iron from ferrous
      sulfate and the complex was defined at physiologic doses of 5 mg (Group 1: n =
      14) and therapeutic doses of 50 mg (Group 2: n = 13). In Group 1, mean absorption
      from salt was 47.77% (SD 14.58%) and from polymaltose, 46.56% SD 17.07%). In
      Group 2, mean absorption from salt was 32.92% (SD 13.42%) and from polymaltose,
      27.07% (SD 6.50%). In a second study, 100 mg of iron in a chewable formulation
      was used to compare absorption between equal doses of ferrous fumarate and the
      polymaltose complex. Mean absorption from salt was 10.25% (SD 6.89%) and from
      polymaltose 10.68% (SD 4.68%). At all three dosage levels, iron is equally
      available from salt or polymaltose for hemoglobin synthesis (p greater than
      0.20), and absorption negatively correlated with plasma ferritin (p less than
      0.01). These two materials may be used interchangeably in the treatment of
      patients with absolute iron deficiency.

PMID- 6599115
TI  - Correlation between plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and sialyltransferase
      as tumor marker.
AB  - Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and sialyltransferase levels were assayed
      in 21 cancer patients to correlate them in response to therapy. Plasma
      sialyltransferase and CEA level correlated well in 10 colon, 4 breast and 1 lung
      cancer patients in response to therapy. There was a negative correlation in one
      colon cancer, 3 breast cancer and 2 lung cancer patients. Plasma
      sialyltransferase was a better marker for breast and lung cancer. CEA was a good
      marker for colon cancer.

PMID- 6599116
TI  - Desensitization to experimental asthma with 48/80.
AB  - The mast cell disintegrating histamine releaser, compound 48/80, given daily for
      5 days by aerosol to guinea pigs produced relative resistance to 48/80 induced
      asthma, but not to histamine induced asthma. After 3 days of rest, sensitivity to
      the respiratory effects of 48/80 returned to baseline level. It was thought that
      the effects observed were due to depletion of pulmonary mast cells or their
      asthma mediators and regeneration after a period of rest.

PMID- 6599117
TI  - [The Schmid technic: clinical and biometric studies].

PMID- 6599118
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of manual and electric toothbrushes in the elimination of
      bacterial plaque in a population of dental students].

PMID- 6599119
TI  - [Tooth transplant: possible treatment for root fractures].

PMID- 6599120
TI  - [Survey on the perceptions of periodontology instruction of 5th year students].

PMID- 6599121
TI  - [Current status of re-attachment].

PMID- 6599122
TI  - [How can therapeutic success be evaluated in periodontics].

PMID- 6599123
TI  - [Gingival grafts: therapeutic misuse and indications].

PMID- 6599124
TI  - [Furcation lesions: justifications and therapeutic misuse].

PMID- 6599125
TI  - [Attached gingiva and the positioning of impacted teeth: indications in pre
      orthodontic surgery].

PMID- 6599126
TI  - [Overtreatment in removable partial dentures in cases of shortened dental
      arches].

PMID- 6599127
TI  - [Objectives of periodontal treatment].

PMID- 6599128
TI  - [Preprosthetic surgery: crown lengthening].

PMID- 6599129
TI  - Effect of carrageenin-induced pedal edema on rat brain prostaglandins.
AB  - Carrageenin-induced pedal inflammation in rats, was found to significantly
      enhance brain levels of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and PGF2 alpha. PG levels increased
      after 30 min of induction of the inflammation, peaked at 1 h, and attained normal
      levels by 4 h. Bilateral adrenalectomy had little effect on carrageenin-induced
      increase in rat brain PGs. The pattern of elevation of central PGs and the time
      course of carrageenin inflammation were at variance, the latter peaking between 3
      and 4 h. The findings lend credence to the postulate that inflammatory
      hyperalgesia involves participation of central pain circuits, and that fever
      accompanying inflammation is caused by the central release of PGs. The central
      nociceptive and hyperthermic actions of PGs are well documented. However, the
      increase in central PG levels may well be caused by stress induced by the
      peripheral inflammation, since the pattern of elevation in either case is
      qualitatively similar.

PMID- 6599130
TI  - [The adolescent in dentistry].

PMID- 6599131
TI  - [Incidence of degenerative pulp lesions as a function of age].

PMID- 6599133
TI  - [Cherubism: pathology and diagnosis. Analysis of 7 cases].

PMID- 6599132
TI  - [Vestibular extension technic. Clinical and histological findings].

PMID- 6599134
TI  - [Hemifacial necrosis after extraction of a single tooth].

PMID- 6599135
TI  - [Ultrastructure of peritubular and intertubular dentin using scanning electron
      microscopy].

PMID- 6599136
TI  - [Diagrams for the opening of upper molars].

PMID- 6599137
TI  - [Post-operative anaphylactic reaction after endodontic treatment].

PMID- 6599138
TI  - [Fluoride mouthrinses: an alternative solution in the prevention of dental
      caries].

PMID- 6599139
TI  - [Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)].

PMID- 6599140
TI  - [Morphological changes in the interproximal relations of teeth restored with
      silver amalgam].

PMID- 6599141
TI  - Effect of cold environment on the rat serum xanthine dehydrogenase in carbon
      tetrachloride poisoning.

PMID- 6599142
TI  - [Dental services in the Cuban National Health System].

PMID- 6599143
TI  - [Characteristics of occlusion of 241 Namibian students at the Isle of Youth,
      1982].

PMID- 6599144
TI  - [Comparative analysis of growth of the nasal cavity in mouth-breathers 8-12 years
      of age].

PMID- 6599145
TI  - [Sequelae of facial injuries in children].

PMID- 6599146
TI  - [Analysis of affected body regions in children with multiple injuries].

PMID- 6599147
TI  - [Level of information on periodontal health in a group of patients].

PMID- 6599148
TI  - [Caries morbidity in students at the Commandant Ernesto (Che) Guevara Vocational
      School in Villa Clara].

PMID- 6599149
TI  - [Application of a periodontal treatment need indicator in terms of time
      required].

PMID- 6599150
TI  - [Occurrence of periodontal disease and oral hygiene in a group of pregnant
      patients at a health polyclinic].

PMID- 6599151
TI  - [Periodontal disease and oral hygiene in relation to smoking habits].

PMID- 6599152
TI  - [Epidemiological study of periodontal disease].

PMID- 6599153
TI  - [Fluoride as a preventive agent in periodontal disease in adults].

PMID- 6599154
TI  - [Analysis of dental human resource relations. Clinical activities accomplished in
      1973, 1976 and 1981].

PMID- 6599155
TI  - [Clinical work in dentistry and benefits obtained for the public in 1973, 1976
      and 1981].

PMID- 6599156
TI  - [Bipedal posture: effect on mandibular growth in rats].

PMID- 6599157
TI  - [From molecules to man: challenges and realities].

PMID- 6599158
TI  - [3-dimensional photographic registration of mandibular movements].

PMID- 6599159
TI  - [Endodontic access].

PMID- 6599160
TI  - [Masticatory function and serum protein levels in the elderly].

PMID- 6599161
TI  - [Effect of polarization on the conductivity of zinc oxyphosphate cements over
      time].

PMID- 6599162
TI  - [Five years' use of the CO2 laser in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Results of
      320 cases].

PMID- 6599163
TI  - [Maxillary cyst with sinus involvement. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 6599164
TI  - [Periodontal bone defects in children's skulls].

PMID- 6599165
TI  - [Retrospective analysis of 787 dental emergencies].

PMID- 6599166
TI  - [Review of the concept of the transverse mandibular axis. I].

PMID- 6599167
TI  - [Results of examination by dentists for early diagnosis of oral cancer].

PMID- 6599168
TI  - [Frequency and distribution of dehiscences and alveolar fenestrations in human
      skulls].

PMID- 6599169
TI  - [Clinical study on the administration of spiramycin and metronidazole].

PMID- 6599170
TI  - [Obturation technics in endodontics].

PMID- 6599171
TI  - [Preventive dentistry in kindergarten].

PMID- 6599172
TI  - Coping with stress: the behavioral aspects in the normotensive and the
      genetically hypertensive rats.

PMID- 6599173
TI  - Long-lasting motor depression as a consequence of a single session of inescapable
      shocking.

PMID- 6599174
TI  - The effect of aminophylline, oxyphylline and fenoterol on some ventilatory
      functions in patients with reversible airways obstruction.

PMID- 6599175
TI  - Oral 8-methoxypsoralen photochemotherapy in psoriasis.

PMID- 6599176
TI  - Inhibition of cholinesterase from different sources by 3-diethylaminophenyl-N
      methylcarbamate methiodide in vitro.

PMID- 6599177
TI  - The influence of electrical stimulation of the ganglion nodosum on the occurrence
      of gastrin-like immunoreactivity in perfusate of the isolated rabbit heart.

PMID- 6599178
TI  - The distribution of caffeine in rats after irradiation.

PMID- 6599179
TI  - The effect of irradiation on the distribution of phenmetrazine in rats.

PMID- 6599180
TI  - [Systems approach and systems analysis in health care administration].

PMID- 6599181
TI  - Histochemical changes in the guinea pig skin after irradiation. Carbohydrates--I.

PMID- 6599182
TI  - [Facial growth and the center of rotation in orthodontics].

PMID- 6599183
TI  - [Postero-anterio teleradiographic anatomy of the skull bones in orthodontics].

PMID- 6599184
TI  - [Inclination of the upper 1st molars in patients with open bite].

PMID- 6599185
TI  - [Levels of salivary immunoglobulins in subjects with dental caries and
      periodontal disease].

PMID- 6599186
TI  - [Jaw exostosis: clinical considerations in the report of 2 cases].

PMID- 6599187
TI  - [Facial asymmetry due to middle third facial hypoplasia caused by injuries in
      infancy (clinical report)].

PMID- 6599189
TI  - [A rare case of follicular cyst: etiopathogenetic considerations].

PMID- 6599188
TI  - [Globomaxillary cyst: clinical and anatom-pathological considerations].

PMID- 6599190
TI  - [Rebasing in denture practice (1). Indications and counter-indications].

PMID- 6599191
TI  - [Statistical evaluation of the median values of the mesio-distal diameter and
      thickness of the enamel and dentin in permanent teeth].

PMID- 6599192
TI  - [Dens invaginatus radicularis: radiologic, histologic and ultrastructural study].

PMID- 6599193
TI  - [Caries susceptibility and caries resistance induced by cariogenic diets:
      experimental research].

PMID- 6599194
TI  - [Evaluation of carcino-embryonic antigen in oral carcinoma].

PMID- 6599196
TI  - [Functional modeling of the occlusal surfaces in amalgam reconstructions (Class I
      and II)].

PMID- 6599195
TI  - [Ameloblastic fibroma. Case presentation].

PMID- 6599197
TI  - [Ameloblastoma].

PMID- 6599198
TI  - [Maxillofacial chondrosarcoma].

PMID- 6599199
TI  - [Pindborg's tumor: apropos of a clinical case].

PMID- 6599200
TI  - [Kaposi's sarcoma and its oral manifestations].

PMID- 6599201
TI  - [Dens in dente: diagnosis, classification, pathogenesis, epidemiology].

PMID- 6599202
TI  - [Dens in dente: presentation of a radiographic case history and an interpretive
      discussion].

PMID- 6599203
TI  - [General anesthesia in the ambulatory dental patient--I].

PMID- 6599204
TI  - [General anesthesia in the ambulatory dental patient--II].

PMID- 6599205
TI  - [The crystalline structure of dental hard tissues].

PMID- 6599206
TI  - [Difference in concentration of fluoride in the buccal and lingual enamel of
      teeth with or without fluorosis, analyzed by nuclear reaction].

PMID- 6599207
TI  - [Measurement of dental carbon with nuclear analysis].

PMID- 6599208
TI  - [Determination of the trace elements present in blood and dental enamel].

PMID- 6599209
TI  - [Clinico-radiographic observations of a case of a supernumerary tooth resembling
      a molar in the maxillary inter-incisive area].

PMID- 6599210
TI  - [Clinical considerations in dental cysts].

PMID- 6599211
TI  - [Clinical report of the use of josamycin in dentistry and oral surgery].

PMID- 6599212
TI  - Ethical problems in arguments from potentiality.

PMID- 6599213
TI  - In vitro attachment of capsule-producing lactobacilli on the smooth surfaces of
      teeth.

PMID- 6599214
TI  - A clinical appraisal of various aetiological factors involved in dry socket
      (fibrinolytic alveolitis).

PMID- 6599215
TI  - Effects of orthodontic treatment on plasma and salivary immunoglobulin
      concentration.

PMID- 6599216
TI  - Future improvements in the dental radiographic machine.

PMID- 6599217
TI  - Radiological diagnosis VII.

PMID- 6599219
TI  - Electrophysiological and HRP studies on feedback loop between inferior olivary
      nucleus and lateral vestibular nucleus in the cat.
AB  - The role of input from the inferior olivary nucleus (IO) of decerebellate cats
      were studied on the lateral vestibular nucleus (LVN) neurons which were
      monosynaptically activated by vestibular nerve stimulation. Out of 168
      monosynaptic neurons, test stimuli to the contralateral IO elicited a
      monosynaptic spike in 43 neurons and an antidromic spike in 9 neurons.
      Conditioning stimulus applied to the IO preceding vestibular nerve stimulation
      produced an inhibition of spike generation in 22 other LVN neurons upon the nerve
      stimulation. When horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was iontophoretically applied into
      the immediate vicinity of the LVN monosynaptic neurons, HRP-reactive cells were
      found in the dorsal cap and beta-nucleus of the contralateral IO. These results
      suggest that the LVN neurons monosynaptically activated by vestibular nerve
      stimulation receive both excitation and inhibition from the IO.

PMID- 6599220
TI  - Rebound phenomenon in glycerol test.
AB  - The glycerol effect for endolymphatic hydrops is well known for an improvement in
      pure tone threshold three hours after glycerol administration. However, long-term
      effects of glycerol, i.e., longer than three hours after administration, are
      unknown. In this study, audiometric tests were administered during 10 hours
      following glycerol administration in order to determine the long-term effects of
      glycerol in cases of Meniere's disease, sudden deafness, and normal subjects. The
      following results were obtained; 1) The long-term effects of glycerol in the pure
      tone threshold were observed only in cases of Meniere's disease and were
      classified into the following four types: "descending type", "descending and
      ascending type", "ascending type" and "unchanged type". 2) The long-term effects,
      including rebound phenomenon, on hearing ability did not appear in cases of
      sudden deafness and normal subjects. 3) About 50% of patients with Meniere's
      disease showed rebound phenomenon on hearing ability and it was considered to be
      specific for Meniere's disease.

PMID- 6599218
TI  - Recent advances in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults and
      future prospects.

PMID- 6599221
TI  - Use of micro-sliced homograft cartilage plates in tympanoplasty.
AB  - We described our experiences in the use of micro-sliced septal cartilage
      homografts in tympanoplasty. The cartilage plates (0.1-0.5 mm thick) previously
      prepared with our method by use of a dermatome were used for the three purposes
      1) to reconstruct the attic wall defect, 2) to prevent the retraction of the
      grafted fascia in myringoplasty, and 3) to prevent the displacement of the
      columella and the retraction of the grafted fascia in columella-type
      tympanoplasty. There have been no postoperative infections or extrusions in our
      142 cases. These cartilage plates are considered to be very convenient in
      tympanoplasty.

PMID- 6599222
TI  - Reconstruction of the middle ear with tragal cartilage.
AB  - A surgical technique for reconstruction of a well-ventilated middle ear space
      using tragal cartilage has been developed. Our technique was designed so as to
      secure an atticoantrum cavity and a complement of posterior tympanic annulus with
      a cartilage. This technique can be utilized in a radical mastoidectomy cavity at
      an original surgery and at a revision.

PMID- 6599223
TI  - Bell's palsy and pupillary response.
AB  - Pupillary response was measured with binocular pupillogram to analyze Bell's
      palsy through examination of autonomic nerve function. This analysis was
      performed in 166 patients of Bell's palsy who consulted within one month after
      onset. Based on the results of pupillary response measurement, autonomic nerve
      function was normal in 54 patients, and abnormal in 46. The delayed recovery was
      found in the abnormal group more often than in the normal group. In the abnormal
      group, patients with fast recovery were older than fifty, while those with
      delayed recovery were younger than forty-nine.

PMID- 6599224
TI  - Neurovascular decompression for hemifacial spasm.
AB  - Results of 23 cases of facial spasm operated on by posterior fossa exploration
      were reviewed. In all cases, but one, vessels were found to impinge on the facial
      nerve root exit zone from the brain stem. All cases in which the facial nerve had
      been liberated from the vessel had satisfactory results and there was no
      recurrence of spasm. Significant sensorineural hearing loss occurred
      postoperatively in 11 cases. The hearing loss greatly improved within a month and
      persisted as permanent loss greater than 10 dB in 6 cases (26.0%). The
      complication has been lessened by approaching to the nerve from caudal direction
      and by retracting the cerebellum to oblique direction to the acoustic nerve.
      Microvascular decompression is the best procedure available for hemifacial spasm.

PMID- 6599225
TI  - Combined use of integrated electromyography and score rating method for
      evaluation and prognosis of facial paralysis.
AB  - Degrees of peripheral facial paralysis were assessed by the paralysis score table
      in a modification of May's method together with the integrated EMG method.
      Paralysis scores and integrated EMGs from the frontal, orbicularis oculi and
      orbicularis oris muscles were obtained from 68 patients with facial paralysis. A
      linear regression analysis was tried in the cases of complete recovery with the
      following equation: Y = B log X + A, where Y = percentage of paralysis score or
      integrated EMG, B = recovery rate, A = constant and X = days after onset. The
      correlation coefficient of paralysis score and the days expressed in logarithmic
      form was 0.979. The paralysis scores obtained showed good correlation (0.933
      0.941) with the value of the integrated EMG. The paralysis score for facial
      paralysis was thus confirmed by the objective EMG method. Recovery process from
      facial paralysis can be analysed numerically by the application of linear
      regression analysis in both methods.

PMID- 6599226
TI  - Preparalytic condition of the facial nerve detected by evoked electromyography.
AB  - An abnormal condition of the facial nerve just before apparent paralysis was
      detected by evoked electromyography. We now report on 2 patients with herpes
      oticus and vertigo or tinnitus without apparent facial palsy. This abnormal
      condition is considered to be a subclinical paralysis (preparalytic condition),
      and early detection of the condition may prevent ensuing paralysis.

PMID- 6599227
TI  - Stiffness of the vocal cord in dysphonia-its assessment and treatment.
AB  - Due attention does not seem to have been paid to the problem of vocal cord
      stiffness in dysphonia, because it is extremely difficult to assess and to treat.
      Four illustrative cases are presented where the stiffness deviation was
      apparently involved in the dysphonia and successfully treated by laryngeal
      framework surgery. A breathy, high-pitched, and strained voice may be suggestive
      of very stiff vocal cords. Manual pressure on the thyroid cartilage in various
      manners during phonation can provide us with useful information about the
      stiffness of the cords, and indication for surgery. Surgical A-P shortening of
      the thyroid ala reduces the stiffness, while cricothyroid approximation increases
      it.

PMID- 6599228
TI  - Voice onset in pathologic speakers.
AB  - The time interval between the release and beginning of vocal cord vibration in
      word-initial /p/ and /b/ was measured. The data from subjects with laryngeal
      pathology are described. /b/ showed larger values compared with the data from
      normals. It is suggested that such a test of vocal initiation could provide a
      useful measure for the evaluation of laryngeal dysfunction.

PMID- 6599229
TI  - Laryngeal fricative in cleft palate speech.
AB  - Some of the substitutions for or [integral of] in cleft palate speech, which was
      earlier regarded as a pharyngeal fricative, on the basis of listener's judgement,
      was found to be a laryngeal fricative by means of fluorovideoscopy and
      nasopharyngofiberscopy. The sound was most likely produced at the stricture
      between the posteriorly inclined epiglottis and the elevated arytenoids. During
      the production of laryngeal fricatives, the velopharyngeal port remained open
      just as for nasal sounds.

PMID- 6599230
TI  - Role of the visceral brain in body equilibrium.
AB  - A series of examinations were carried out to determine whether the limbic system,
      particularly the hippocampus and the amygdaloid nucleus, participates in the
      production of disequilibrium of the eyes and the body and to clarify the
      conditions which induce disequilibrium. Over-stimulation of the rabbit's
      hippocampus induces over-excitation of adrenergic components involved in this
      part of the brain, through which dysfunction of equilibrium center in the brain
      stem is eventually brought about. This dysfunction leads to disequilibrium of the
      eyes and the body. On the basis of these results, equilibrium tests for neurotic
      vertigo were devised. Using these equilibrium tests we noted that in a certain
      group of traumatized patients who suffer from vertigo of psychosomatic origin,
      there are two etiological factors: functional linkage between the temporal cortex
      and the limbic system, particularly the hippocampus in regard to a memory or a
      conditioned reflex relevant to vertigo, over-excitation of the adrenergic
      components involved in the brain connecting the hippocampus, the hypothalamus and
      equilibrium centers in the brain stem. These two etiological factors induce
      disequilibrium by a trigger-and-target relationship in which the former acts as a
      trigger and the latter as a target. The cerebellum is not an essential factor in
      producing vertigo of psychosomatic origin, but it enhances vertigo of this type
      through activation of the adrenergic components, particularly those in the
      hippocampus. Thus, in patients with both vertigo of psychosomatic origin and
      cerebellar symptoms recovery from vertigo tends to be delayed. Over-stimulation
      of the rabbit's amygdaloid nucleus, particularly its medial portion and the
      habenular nucleus induces over-excitation of adrenergic components involved in
      these parts of the brain. These animals develop disequilibrium of the eyes in
      response to an olfactory stimulus, such as extract of garlic. On the basis of
      these results, equilibrium tests for olfactory vertigo were devised. Using these
      equilibrium tests we noted that traumatized patients who suffered from vertigo
      due to inhalation of garlic vapor showed hyper-reactivity to adrenaline and
      developed disequilibrium of the eyes and the body when given a subcutaneous
      injection of this drug. These findings indicate that olfactory vertigo is induced
      by a mechanism in which olfactory stimulation affects the above adrenergic
      components, causing disequilibrium of the eyes and the body.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED
      AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6599231
TI  - Role of the central and peripheral retina upon optokinetic nystagmus. Foveal and
      peripheral nystagmus.
AB  - The optokinetic (OK) nystagmus induced by OK stimulus on the foveal area (foveal
      nystagmus) or on the peripheral retina (peripheral nystagmus) are discussed.
      Separation of the visual field can be achieved by a combination of a projection
      type OK stimulator and a masking cylinder driven by a d.c. ENG. Foveal and
      peripheral nystagmus became increasingly difficult to elicit in tact with
      narrowing of the visual field or increase in stimulus velocity. The influence of
      velocity was much more noticeable in the foveal nystagmus. The characteristics of
      foveal and peripheral OK nystagmus are elucidated by the overlapping method. The
      foveal nystagmus has a rather distorted form, but its slow-phase eye velocity is
      the same as the target velocity. It has a tendency to start and reverse with slow
      phase. Its beating field deviates in the direction of the slow phase. The
      peripheral nystagmus, on the contrary, has a typical saw-tooth form and its slow
      phase eye velocity is slower than the target velocity, even at the low speed
      stimulus. It has a tendency to start and reverse with the quick phase. Its
      beating field deviates in the direction of the quick phase.

PMID- 6599232
TI  - Evaluation of statokinesigram using 3-D plotting and discriminant function.
AB  - The 3-D plot of the statokinesigram, together with X-Y histograms and
      discriminant function studies are proposed towards a better understanding of the
      righting reflexes which maintain the erect stable posture in humans. Ninety
      samples taken from 30 healthy persons were analysed using on-line digital
      processing system. 3-D plot is an expression of the distribution map of the
      cumulative frequency of the sway of the center of gravity and helps intuitive
      recognition of the patterns of the righting reflexes. Parameters representing the
      distribution map are developed showing as good discriminant ratios as in the
      analyses of the locus and the area of the statokinesigram.

PMID- 6599233
TI  - Vertigo due to whiplash injury: a neurotological approach.
AB  - A series of examinations were carried out to elucidate the characteristics of
      vertigo due to whiplash injury. In patients with whiplash injury, there are over
      excitation of the cervical and/or the lumbar proprioceptors on one hand, and
      dysfunction of the central nervous system, such as the hypothalamus, the brain
      stem and the cerebellum, on the other hand. These two etiological factors induce
      disequilibrium by a trigger-and-target relationship in which the above
      proprioceptors act as a trigger and the central nervous system acts as a target.
      This postulate is applicable to the explanation of aural vertigo following
      whiplash injury. Autonomic reflexes in patients with whiplash injury can be
      explained not only as due to over-excitation of the cervical sympathetic nerves,
      but also to that of the cervical and lumbar proprioceptors. In other words, these
      reflexes are considered as being the proprio-autonomic reflexes. These reflexes
      are more evident in patients with cervical pain. Cerebellar symptoms can be
      manifested by over-excitation of the cervical and lumbar proprioceptors. These
      symptoms are more evident in patients with lumbar pain. The above differences in
      the autonomic reflexes and cerebellar symptoms of patients with cervical and/or
      lumbar pains can be explained on the basis of known fiber connections in the
      central nervous system. Hypertonicity of the cervical and lumbar erector muscles
      in patients with whiplash injury can be explained not only as due to over
      excitation of gamma fibers, but also to that of sympathetic nerves in these
      muscles. This hypertonicity affects the central nervous system, causing
      disequilibrium following whiplash injury.

PMID- 6599234
TI  - [Premedication with chloral hydrate in pediatric dentistry].

PMID- 6599235
TI  - [Blood pressure before and after dental treatment in 5-11 year-old children].

PMID- 6599236
TI  - Direct pulp capping and partial pulpotomy with diluted formocresol in primary
      molars.

PMID- 6599237
TI  - Root canal therapy of infected primary teeth.

PMID- 6599238
TI  - [Teeth discolored by tetracycline restored with laminate veneers. Report of a
      case].

PMID- 6599239
TI  - Epidemiologic characteristics of dental caries: relation of dmft to the
      proportion of children with dmf teeth.

PMID- 6599240
TI  - Dental health and treatment need of Finnish children.

PMID- 6599241
TI  - [Current concepts in remineralization of early carious lesions].

PMID- 6599242
TI  - [Sarcoid granuloma located in the oral cavity].

PMID- 6599243
TI  - [An unusual case of a sialocele secondary to a traumatic lesion of Stensen's
      duct].

PMID- 6599244
TI  - [Behavior of present-day methacrylate resins under various environmental
      conditions].

PMID- 6599245
TI  - [Oral cancer and potential cancerous lesions: considerations on the subject of
      prevention].

PMID- 6599246
TI  - [Indications for surgical restoration of the attached gingiva: current trends].

PMID- 6599247
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the production of electric current in various
      materials used for dental cavity lining].

PMID- 6599248
TI  - [The risk of anaphylactic shock in daily dental practice].

PMID- 6599249
TI  - [Epidermoid cyst in the jaw bones (clinical case)].

PMID- 6599250
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the electric resistance of various materials used for
      dental cavity lining].

PMID- 6599251
TI  - [Rare cases of multiple cyst of jaw bones, germinal and follicular].

PMID- 6599252
TI  - [Complete osteonecrosis of the upper jaw: clinical case].

PMID- 6599253
TI  - [Malignant tumors of the oral cavity. Epidemiologic study--II].

PMID- 6599254
TI  - [Plans for a simple device for serial sectioning of hard non-decalcified tissues
      (bone and teeth)].

PMID- 6599255
TI  - [Candidiasis of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6599256
TI  - [Tomographic aspects of osteosarcoma of the upper jaw].

PMID- 6599257
TI  - [Structural dental anomalies: literature review and clinical contribution].

PMID- 6599258
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy evaluation after 2 years of a posterior composite:
      a possible amalgam substitute?].

PMID- 6599259
TI  - [Role of stress in dentistry. Cardiovascular effects of local anesthetics with
      adrenaline and tooth extraction].

PMID- 6599261
TI  - [Esthetic evaluation of surgical-orthodontic treatment plans].

PMID- 6599260
TI  - [Cephalometric evaluation of lateral projection teleradiographs in edentulous
      patients: evaluation of the occlusal plane and facial topographical
      characteristics].

PMID- 6599262
TI  - [Deepening of the vestibular sulcus in edentulous patients using the Kazanjian
      technic].

PMID- 6599263
TI  - [Periodontal evaluation of the treatment of Class V caries].

PMID- 6599264
TI  - An alternative view of the temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome.

PMID- 6599265
TI  - The long face and V.M.E.

PMID- 6599266
TI  - Near-alpha titanium--a potentially new orthodontic archwire material.

PMID- 6599267
TI  - Timing of orthodontic treatment: early or late--does it matter?

PMID- 6599268
TI  - [Para-functions of the masticatory system in adults].

PMID- 6599269
TI  - [Experimental studies on the development of dentin bridges after vital pulp
      amputations].

PMID- 6599270
TI  - [Evaluation of the usefulness of the preparation Biopulp in the treatment of
      infected root canals].

PMID- 6599271
TI  - [Effect of body length at birth on the time of first deciduous tooth eruption in
      children in Lublin].

PMID- 6599272
TI  - [Possibilities for the restoration of the damaged crowns of permanent teeth].

PMID- 6599273
TI  - [Radiologic examination of the facial skeleton using the Status X device].

PMID- 6599274
TI  - [Surgical treatment of mandibular deformities using the Obwegeser-Dal Ponto
      method in Polish surgical centres].

PMID- 6599275
TI  - [Facial hemiatrophy and malocclusion].

PMID- 6599276
TI  - [Study of the competitive ability of LDH deficient Streptococcus mutants].

PMID- 6599277
TI  - [Relationship between the degree of periodontic destruction and the pathologic
      changes in the dental pulp--clinical and pathologic manifestations in 111 cases].

PMID- 6599278
TI  - [On the diagnostic problems in oral leukoplakia].

PMID- 6599279
TI  - [Surgical orthodontics in the correction of dento-gnathic deformities (report of
      62 cases)].

PMID- 6599280
TI  - [Cytological study of oral mucosal lesions caused by herpes simplex virus I].

PMID- 6599281
TI  - [Use of a myocutaneous platysma flap in the reconstruction of oral defects].

PMID- 6599283
TI  - [Orthodontic therapy of the TMJ syndrome].

PMID- 6599282
TI  - [The invasive pattern of squamous cell carcinoma in the mandibular gingiva].

PMID- 6599284
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment of anterior malocclusion in adults].

PMID- 6599285
TI  - [Experimental study of tissue growth after implantation of polymethyl
      methacrylate and silicone].

PMID- 6599286
TI  - [Culture of Streptococcus mutants with pyrogallic acid].

PMID- 6599288
TI  - [Oral pemphigus vulgaris].

PMID- 6599287
TI  - [Giant cell tumor of the jaws (report of 14 cases].

PMID- 6599290
TI  - [Clinical treatment in morphological variations of the pulp cavity].

PMID- 6599291
TI  - [A survey of periodontal conditions in the aged].

PMID- 6599289
TI  - [Clinical manifestations and immunologic diagnosis of multiple myeloma (report of
      2 cases)].

PMID- 6599292
TI  - [Mast cells in the submandibular ganglia and nerve bundles in the right superior
      cervical ganglionectomized mouse salivary glands].

PMID- 6599293
TI  - [Errors in location of impacted teeth using the tube shift method].

PMID- 6599294
TI  - [Osteoradionecrosis after tooth extraction in patients irradiated for carcinoma
      of the head and neck].

PMID- 6599295
TI  - Antibacterial effects of fluoride.

PMID- 6599296
TI  - [Kinesiographic evaluation in orthodontic diagnosis].

PMID- 6599297
TI  - [Dento-dental discrepancies and their clinical consequences].

PMID- 6599298
TI  - [Biprotrusive Class II malocclusion treated with extra-oral directional force
      without posterior anchorage].

PMID- 6599299
TI  - [Practical procedures for the implementation of individual "guide-cards" for the
      arch].

PMID- 6599300
TI  - [Effect of mandibular repositioning and orthodontic treatment on condylar
      development in growing subjects: pilot study].

PMID- 6599301
TI  - [Repositioning of the impacted canine: surgical orthodontic technic].

PMID- 6599302
TI  - [Orthodontics and kinesiography: surgical V.T.O].

PMID- 6599304
TI  - [Corrosion in vivo: case report].

PMID- 6599303
TI  - Use of mononuclear precursor cells to insert allogeneic genes into growing mouse
      muscles.
AB  - Our long-term aim is to use allografts of normal muscle precursor cells to insert
      donor myonuclei, containing a normal genome, into the growing defective muscle
      fibers of young animals with inherited myopathies. In the present article, we
      have used isoenzyme variants of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) as genetic
      markers of host and donor genomes in the mouse. We show that mononucleated cells,
      prepared by enzymatic disaggregation of neonatal donor muscle, 39 can be used to
      introduce donor GPI genes into muscle fibers of growing muscles of young hosts.
      The expression of both donor and host GPI genes in the resulting mosaic muscle
      fibers leads to the formation of a "hybrid" GPI isoenzyme dimer. Such hybrid GPI
      was found in 10 of 102 host muscles examined. Our results indicate that grafts of
      muscle precursor cells can be used to alter the genetic constitution of both
      normal and mildly myopathic muscle.

PMID- 6599305
TI  - [Childhood maxillofacial injuries. Analysis of 33 cases].

PMID- 6599306
TI  - [The lowering of dental fees].

PMID- 6599307
TI  - [How much should a dentist earn?].

PMID- 6599308
TI  - [Analysis of cost of dental services and the National Registry].

PMID- 6599309
TI  - [Effectiveness of biomechanical preparation of the root canal].

PMID- 6599310
TI  - [Retrograde preparation and obturation. A solution to periapical surgical
      problems].

PMID- 6599311
TI  - [Conservative treatment of dens in dente or invaginated teeth with periodontal
      involvement].

PMID- 6599312
TI  - [Clinical considerations on a new root canal cement: preliminary studies].

PMID- 6599313
TI  - [Clinical cases: endo-periodontics. Diagnosis and treatment of primary endodontic
      lesions].

PMID- 6599314
TI  - [Detection of cut areas in human dentin during mechanical preparation. I. Use of
      reamers].

PMID- 6599315
TI  - [The use of metallic crowns in pedodontics].

PMID- 6599316
TI  - [Correction of supraclusion: egression of the molars or ingression of the
      incisors?].

PMID- 6599317
TI  - [Evaluation of dental prevention education in elementary schools].

PMID- 6599318
TI  - [Pulp exposure and pulp capping. A 4-year study].

PMID- 6599320
TI  - [Microbiological and immunopathological aspects of inflammatory periodontosis].

PMID- 6599322
TI  - [Incisor supraclusion: molar intrusion or incisor extrusion?].

PMID- 6599321
TI  - [Overlapping of the anterior mandibular teeth: treatment with or without
      extraction?].

PMID- 6599319
TI  - [Dentin hyperesthesia: ontogenesis and therapy. Status questionis. 2. Therapy].

PMID- 6599323
TI  - [Importance of case finding and the symptomatology of Gardner's syndrome].

PMID- 6599324
TI  - [Is dental caries in regression?].

PMID- 6599325
TI  - [Control of the efficacy of dental prophylaxis measures in Basel in 1983].

PMID- 6599327
TI  - [National Institute of Rationalization and Standardization and the science of
      dental materials].

PMID- 6599326
TI  - [The human factor in stress].

PMID- 6599328
TI  - [The micro processor in dentistry].

PMID- 6599329
TI  - [Periodontology in old age].

PMID- 6599330
TI  - [Hydantoin gingival hyperplasia: diagnosis, prevention and treatment].

PMID- 6599331
TI  - [Iatrogenic mucosal and bone aspects of dentures in the elderly].

PMID- 6599332
TI  - [Cements: properties and uses].

PMID- 6599334
TI  - [Skin fistulas of dental origin. Apropos of 8 cases].

PMID- 6599333
TI  - [Experimental study of the effect of the administration of diphenyl hydantoin and
      estrogens. II. Histopathological aspects of gingival changes in rats treated with
      diphenylhydantoin].

PMID- 6599335
TI  - [Basics in re-training for bad habits].

PMID- 6599336
TI  - [Senile involution of the oral region].

PMID- 6599337
TI  - [Experimental study of the effect of the administration of diphenyl hydantoin and
      estrogens in rats. III. Microbiological aspects of variations in the gingival
      flora in rats treated with estrogens].

PMID- 6599338
TI  - [Role of orthodontics in general medical practice].

PMID- 6599339
TI  - [McCune-Albright syndrome. Report of a case].

PMID- 6599340
TI  - [Hypo-salivation and tranquilizers].

PMID- 6599342
TI  - [Fundamentals of triple action brackets].

PMID- 6599341
TI  - [Tongue pathology in children's dentistry. I. Geographic tongue].

PMID- 6599343
TI  - [Speed, a new system in edgewise technic].

PMID- 6599344
TI  - [Permanent retention of anterior teeth with post-relapse spaces and its relation
      to the periodontium].

PMID- 6599345
TI  - [A new concept in the Begg technic: the phase IV system].

PMID- 6599346
TI  - [Dilacerated central incisor--orthodontic resolution. Presentation of a case].

PMID- 6599347
TI  - [Current teaching technics used in the Department of Orthodontics at the
      University of Buenos Aires and the University of La Plata].

PMID- 6599348
TI  - [Orthodontics in the health professions].

PMID- 6599349
TI  - [Diagnosis in orthodontics].

PMID- 6599350
TI  - [Orthodontics and gnathology].

PMID- 6599351
TI  - [Proceedings of the 2nd symposium of the Surgical Endocrinological Section of the
      Polish Society of Endocrinology. Bielostok, 20-21 May 1983].

PMID- 6599352
TI  - Ultrastructural studies on the basal layers of the seminiferous tubules in the
      rat testis.

PMID- 6599353
TI  - The molecular structure and function of carbamyl phosphate synthetase I.

PMID- 6599354
TI  - Carboxy phosphate: an intermediate in the enzymatic synthesis of carbamyl
      phosphate.

PMID- 6599355
TI  - Properties of acyl coenzyme A: 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase
      from rat liver mitochondria and microsomes.

PMID- 6599356
TI  - Characterization of influenza viral transcriptional complexes.

PMID- 6599357
TI  - Serotonin-binding protein: function in synaptic vesicles.

PMID- 6599358
TI  - Lipid-specific toxins from bacteria, insects, and marine invertebrates.

PMID- 6599359
TI  - Stereoheterotopism and prochirality.

PMID- 6599360
TI  - The enzymes of detoxication.

PMID- 6599361
TI  - Regulation of hexose transport-carrier activity in cultured animal fibroblasts:
      another confrontation with cellular recycling requiring oxidative energy
      generation?

PMID- 6599362
TI  - On the nature of the spontaneous activation of hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase.

PMID- 6599363
TI  - Solving problems that may arise in devising high-sensitivity pyridine nucleotide
      analytical systems.

PMID- 6599364
TI  - [Possibilities for prevention in the treatment of edentulousness with removable
      cast partial dentures].

PMID- 6599365
TI  - [Care of edentulous patients within the structure of a prosthetic treatment
      strategy].

PMID- 6599366
TI  - [Health care programs in dentistry--goals and methods].

PMID- 6599367
TI  - [Conclusions on the improvement of Stafanat impression materials].

PMID- 6599368
TI  - [Prevention and early treatment as a basic strategy in national health programs].

PMID- 6599369
TI  - [Health care programs in pediatric dentistry].

PMID- 6599371
TI  - [Modern medical imaging].

PMID- 6599370
TI  - [Fiber optics].

PMID- 6599372
TI  - [Esthetic problems in prosthetic restoration of the face in relation to the
      surrounding structures].

PMID- 6599373
TI  - [Cave canem: results of a national survey].

PMID- 6599374
TI  - [Occlusal preparations in amalgam: a rational approach to finishing].

PMID- 6599375
TI  - [Radiographic approach to the anatomic relation of the mandibular dental canal
      and the wisdom teeth].

PMID- 6599376
TI  - [Surgical deductions].

PMID- 6599377
TI  - [Radiological study of deciduous double teeth].

PMID- 6599378
TI  - [Papillon-Leage-Psaume type I oro-facio-digital syndrome. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 6599379
TI  - Recurrent aphthous ulcer.

PMID- 6599380
TI  - Incidence of supernumerary teeth.

PMID- 6599381
TI  - Correlation of the maximal incisal opening with other variables.

PMID- 6599382
TI  - The effects of age, race and sex on the interincisal measurement.

PMID- 6599383
TI  - The effect of different light sources on measuring the prevalence of dental
      caries.

PMID- 6599384
TI  - Dental health practices among Finnish adults.

PMID- 6599385
TI  - Evaluation of the dental health education programme 'Natural Nashers'.

PMID- 6599386
TI  - LPS stimulation of complement (C3) synthesis by a human monocyte cell line.
AB  - The human monocyte-like cell line, U937, was utilized as a model system to assess
      the influence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Escherichia coli and other
      immunomodulatory agents on the biosynthesis of complement component C3 by
      monocytoid cells. The amount of C3 accumulated in the medium of cultured cells
      was measured by an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). In the presence
      of LPS (0.01 and 0.10 microgram/ml) C3 production by U937 cells was increased by
      2- and 5-fold, respectively. C3 production was also increased in the presence of
      lymphokine-containing supernatants obtained from human peripheral blood
      mononuclear cells after their stimulation with concanavalin A-sepharose. Human
      gamma-interferon (50-500 units/ml) stimulated C3 production by U937 cells.
      Stimulation of C3 production by LPS or mononuclear cell supernatants was blocked
      by cycloheximide. LPS (0.10 and 1.0 microgram/ml) also stimulated PGE2 production
      by U937 cells but failed to increase PGE2 at the lowest concentration (0.01
      micrograms/ml) shown to increase C3 biosynthesis. Although exogenous PGE1 (10(-7)
      and 10(-6) M) promoted a small increase in C3 production, the effect of LPS was
      not decreased by a concentration of indomethacin (10(-6) M) that inhibited
      biosynthesis of PGE2. Therefore, LPS-induced C3 synthesis is not mediated by an
      increase in PGE2 in U937 cells. In summary, these observations suggest that C3
      biosynthesis by monocytes/macrophages can be modulated by mediators of cellular
      immune responses found in the microenvironment of a localized inflammatory
      reaction.

PMID- 6599387
TI  - [The problem of image quality in panoramic radiography].

PMID- 6599388
TI  - [Comparative studies on the visualized layer in panoramic imaging].

PMID- 6599389
TI  - [The development of roentgen diagnosis at the University Stomatology Clinic in
      Munich in the past 10 years].

PMID- 6599390
TI  - [Experiences with the Zonarc panoramic radiography apparatus].

PMID- 6599391
TI  - [Double visualization of the object in the panoramic radiography technic--loss of
      diagnostically assessable parts of the image].

PMID- 6599392
TI  - [Computerized tomography studies in the evaluation of position changes of the
      temporomandibular joint following ramus osteotomy with stable fragment fixation].

PMID- 6599393
TI  - [Range of application of computerized tomography in joint diagnosis].

PMID- 6599394
TI  - [Application potentials of computerized tomography in orthodontics--preliminary
      experiences].

PMID- 6599395
TI  - [Clinical experiences with computerized tomography diagnosis of facial and skull
      injuries].

PMID- 6599396
TI  - [Experiences with conventional tomography and computerized tomography of the
      temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 6599397
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic studies of periodontal vascular architecture].

PMID- 6599398
TI  - [The accumulation of fluorides in the skeleton in the fetal period].

PMID- 6599399
TI  - [The effect of prepolymerization on photopolymer hardness].

PMID- 6599400
TI  - [Endosseous implantation of hydroxylapatite ceramics and tricalcium phosphate
      ceramic: integration versus substitution].

PMID- 6599401
TI  - The information contained in multiple sibling pairs.
AB  - In a sibship of size s, s(s-1)/2 sib pairs can be formed, but these pairs are
      statistically dependent when s greater than 2. This study examines how much
      independent information is obtained when all possible pairs are used to evaluate
      the sharing of genes identical by descent. A logarithmic measure of information,
      sigma pilog2pi [Shannon, 1948], is used. The basic unit of information is the
      binomial "bit," or the amount of information in the toss of a fair coin. It is
      shown that a single independent sib pair contains 1.5 bits. The complete sibship
      contains a total of 2s-3+(1/2)s-1 bits, or (2s-3+(1/2)s-1)/1.5 pair-equivalents
      of information. The information is reduced if all sib genotypes do not occur with
      equal probability.

PMID- 6599402
TI  - The detection of major loci by segregation and linkage analysis: a simulation
      study.
AB  - Simulated multigenerational pedigrees were analyzed using the program GENPED and
      POINTER to examine the 1) limits of segregation analysis for detecting single
      locus, two-allele transmission of a dichotomous trait and 2) accuracy of the
      parameter estimates. Ten data sets of 30 pedigrees each (approximately 25 persons
      per pedigree) were simulated. The genotypic penetrance values were varied but the
      population prevalence of the trait was kept constant at 2%. For some data sets a
      linked marker locus was also simulated. Previous results had shown that a single
      major locus could be easily detected when the heterozygote penetrance (f1) was
      high or midway between the two homozygote penetrances. In this study, we found a
      single major locus could not be consistently detected by either method of
      segregation analysis when f1 was "low" to "intermediate." Accuracy of the
      parameter estimates depended on assumptions about the population prevalence. In
      those cases where the major locus could not be detected by segregation analysis,
      linkage to a marker locus could be detected as long as the marker was closely
      linked and there were not phenocopies in the population. Owing to the limited
      number of simulations in this study, we cannot generalize these findings.
      However, they provide a basis for further testing of methods of segregation
      analysis when factors such as the parameter values, family structure, and
      ascertainment scheme are varied.

PMID- 6599403
TI  - A test of nonrandom segregation.
AB  - Within a family, associations between a disease and a marker locus are often
      inferred when affected offspring share marker alleles more often than is expected
      by chance. Generally, this is due to nonrandom parental transmission of marker
      alleles and specifically could be due to linkage, epistatic gene action, or
      segregation distortion at the marker locus. In this paper, we discuss the
      statistical properties of a general test of nonrandom segregation of a marker
      gene. The exact probability distribution of the test under the null hypothesis of
      random segregation is derived, as is the distribution under the alternative
      hypothesis of genetic linkage. We compute the mean and variance of these
      distributions as a means of judging the adequacy of random segregation to explain
      disease-marker data but also provide a method for computing the exact
      significance value under the null hypothesis. These methods have been utilized
      for studying HLA segregation in families with tuberculoid leprosy. On the
      assumption that this type of leprosy is autosomal recessive, we find evidence
      that a gene controlling susceptibility to infection by Mycobacterium leprae
      resides on human chromosome 6, approximately 13 map units away from the HLA locus
      in males.

PMID- 6599404
TI  - Interpretation of LOD scores with a set of marker loci.
AB  - The problem discussed is that of interpreting LOD scores when multiple markers
      are tested for linkage with a particular disease locus. Provided the tests are
      based on independent segregations, both the maximum and the average LOD can be
      translated into a score that would have the same significance level were it the
      result of a single test.

PMID- 6599405
TI  - No evidence for linkage between an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
      susceptibility locus and immunoglobulin loci KM or GM.
AB  - We studied 52 families having more than one member affected with insulin
      dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for linkage of an IDDM-susceptibility locus to
      the immunoglobulin loci KM and GM. Linkage was analyzed by the LOD score method
      using single-locus recessive and dominant models of IDDM inheritance, with
      penetrances of the disease-susceptible genotypes being dependent on age and
      reaching a maximum of 20% by age 40. We found no evidence for linkage of IDDM to
      KM or GM. Close linkage (recombination fraction less than 5%) was rejected for KM
      under the recessive model and for GM under both models. These results suggest
      either that there are no IDDM-susceptibility loci closely linked to KM or GM or
      that use of a single-locus model of IDDM (which ignores the effects of the
      susceptibility locus in the HLA region) is inadequate for their detection.

PMID- 6599406
TI  - Free jejunal graft for reconstruction of oral, oropharyngeal, and
      pharyngoesophageal defects.
AB  - A free jejunal graft was used either as a patch or as a conduit in 40 cases of
      reconstruction of the oral cavity, hypopharynx, and upper esophagus. Compared
      with previous intraoral reconstructive techniques using skin or myocutaneous
      flaps, one-stage free jejunal grafts result in low morbidity, rapid postoperative
      recovery, and no additional head and neck scars. Because of secure
      vascularization, the retention of temporary mandible implants is made safer. In
      addition to tongue reconstruction, facial contouring can also be achieved by the
      use of mesenteric fatty tissue. The well-vascularized physiologic lining created
      by utilizing the jejunal graft is highly resistant to mechanical stress and
      postoperative radiation therapy.

PMID- 6599407
TI  - Computed tomography of the brain following prophylactic treatment with
      irradiation therapy and intraspinal methotrexate in children with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - In 28 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) computed tomography (CT)
      was performed in order to demonstrate possible cerebral changes following
      treatment with prophylactic irradiation and intraspinal methotrexate (MTX). The
      time of CT-scan examination varied from 1 year and 1 month to 10 years and 1
      month after diagnosis of ALL. The age of the children ranged from 3 years and 11
      months to 14 years and 5 months. Six children had normal CT scans, 12 children
      had slight atrophy-like changes, and nine had severe cerebral atrophy. Two
      patients in the latter group presented an enlarged ventricular system as well. In
      one patient intracerebral calcification was the only pathologic finding. The
      severe changes were seen in children of all age groups, but predominantly in
      children with a short duration of their disease, severe symptoms, and frequent
      marrow relapse. Changes induced by steroid therapy may be reversible. No
      satisfactory explanation of the demonstrated cerebral pathologic findings can be
      given, except that they are the consequences of the combination of total therapy
      and severity of disease in the individual patient. Measurement of attenuation
      coefficients in grey and white matter shows increasing values with age during
      childhood. A combination of decreasing attenuation coefficients, especially in
      the white matter, and the finding of severe atrophy seems to be a bad prognostic
      sign.

PMID- 6599408
TI  - Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN). Retinal involvement and ERG
      alterations.
AB  - Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN) is a complex group of diseases,
      mainly of unknown etiology. In 1975, Dyck proposed a classification based
      essentially on the type of hereditary transmission, nerve conduction velocity and
      histologic aspect of small nerve biopsies. Hagberg & Westerberg (1983) proposed a
      new classification. The association between HMSN and retinitis pigmentosa or
      optic atrophy is sometimes described. Analysing the reported cases, it became
      evident that the neurologic disease was not clearly defined and the
      ophthalmologic examination rarely made. In most cases, ERG data were lacking. The
      authors studied the ocular involvement with ERG in nine patients. The ERG was low
      in only one patient. Their study suggests that ERG may be a useful approach for
      the differential diagnosis in some forms of HMSN.

PMID- 6599409
TI  - Bulimia: a review of the literature.

PMID- 6599410
TI  - [Therapeutic guidelines in injured teeth].

PMID- 6599411
TI  - [Apical granuloma: nomenclature].

PMID- 6599412
TI  - [Computers: primary applications in endodontics].

PMID- 6599414
TI  - [7th Belgian Congress of Dental Medicine. Liege, 27-30 April 1984. Abstracts].

PMID- 6599413
TI  - [3 canals in the distal root of 2 lower deciduous first molars].

PMID- 6599416
TI  - [Malpractice in dentistry (1)].

PMID- 6599415
TI  - [Intravenous diazepam in dentistry].

PMID- 6599417
TI  - [Surgical technics in clinical dentistry. 5. Grafting procedure].

PMID- 6599418
TI  - [Sialolithiasis of the submandibular gland associated with acute inflammation].

PMID- 6599419
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of terodiline.
AB  - Bladder contraction in man, both in normal subjects and in patients with unstable
      bladder seem to be mainly parasympathetically mediated. However, treatment of
      unstable bladder patients with anticholinergics is often an ineffective form of
      treatment. Drugs inhibiting bladder contraction by a combined anticholinergic and
      calcium entry blocking action offer a theoretically attractive effect profile.
      One such drug is terodiline. The pharmacodynamic effects and the pharmacokinetics
      of the drug are briefly reviewed. Terodiline has non-selective anticholinergic
      and calcium blocking effects within the same concentration range, the
      anticholinergic effect predominating at low and the calcium entry blocking action
      at high concentrations. Terodiline is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal
      tract, and has a bioavailability of 90%. The volume of distribution is
      approximately 500 litres, metabolism extensive, and serum half-life about 60
      hours. The therapeutic range of plasma concentrations has not been established,
      but side effects are often encountered at concentrations exceeding 600
      micrograms/l. It is concluded that the pharmacodynamic effect profile and the
      pharmacokinetics of terodiline makes it an interesting alternative to drugs
      currently used for inhibition of bladder contraction.

PMID- 6599420
TI  - Terodiline in children with diurnal enuresis.
AB  - The effect of terodiline, a drug with both anticholinergic and calcium
      antagonistic properties, was studied in vitro on muscle strips from the urinary
      bladder of children and in vivo in children with diurnal enuresis. Terodiline
      inhibited all muscle activity in the urinary bladder strips whether induced by
      nerve stimulation or by drugs with different mechanisms of action. In most
      children treated the daytime enuresis disappeared completely, with a larger
      amount of urine at micturition and a lower voiding frequency. Cystometry
      indicated increased functional bladder capacity and decreased premicturition
      pressure.

PMID- 6599421
TI  - Policies, priorities and strategies for public dental health in the Asian Pacific
      Region.

PMID- 6599422
TI  - Root canal preparation.

PMID- 6599423
TI  - Profile of Singapore dental students 1982/II--service utilization patterns and
      habits.

PMID- 6599424
TI  - Antral carcinoma presenting as a buccal necrotic abscess.

PMID- 6599425
TI  - [Surgical treatment of odontogenic tumors].

PMID- 6599426
TI  - [Indications for preprosthetic surgery].

PMID- 6599427
TI  - [In vitro testing of the doxycycline sensitivity of anaerobic bacteria isolated
      from dental abscesses].

PMID- 6599428
TI  - [The immobilisation of the peripheral segment of the mandible after sagittal
      split osteotomy in edentulous or partly edentulous patients].

PMID- 6599429
TI  - [Therapeutic problems in eosinophilic granuloma of the jaws].

PMID- 6599431
TI  - [Dental dysplasias of the lateral incisors of the maxilla (anomalies of number,
      size and shape in relation to their significance)].

PMID- 6599430
TI  - [Oral manifestations of gastrointestinal disease].

PMID- 6599433
TI  - [The effect of regular periodic visits to the dentist on the incidence of dental
      caries].

PMID- 6599434
TI  - [Reduction of a semi-united Le Fort III fracture with weight traction using a
      Balcan frame].

PMID- 6599432
TI  - [Obstruction of the external auditory meatus due to the condyle of the lower
      jaw].

PMID- 6599436
TI  - [Surgical reconstruction of the corners of the mouth].

PMID- 6599435
TI  - [Intramuscular hemangioma of the masseter muscle. Report of a case].

PMID- 6599437
TI  - Increasing practice income while improving the quality of care.

PMID- 6599438
TI  - The biodontics of the ubiquitous ground substance.

PMID- 6599439
TI  - Gemination--anomalous tooth development.

PMID- 6599440
TI  - Local anesthetics.

PMID- 6599441
TI  - Student performance in periodontics under two clinical systems: requirement vs.
      comprehensive.

PMID- 6599442
TI  - Community dentistry: the use of independent student projects to promote community
      involvement among new graduates.

PMID- 6599443
TI  - Preventive dentistry: an educational perspective.

PMID- 6599444
TI  - A study of periodontal pocket depths.

PMID- 6599445
TI  - Dental franchises--are they for you?

PMID- 6599446
TI  - Tobacco smoking and associated oral lesions.

PMID- 6599447
TI  - Further purification and characterization of the lubricating fraction from
      temporo-mandibular joint-synovial fluid of rabbit.

PMID- 6599448
TI  - Relapse measurements in experimental tooth movements.

PMID- 6599449
TI  - Immunohistochemical localization of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in
      sections of gingival tissue in localized juvenile periodontitis.

PMID- 6599450
TI  - Prevention of the toxic effect of uranium on bone formation by tetracycline.

PMID- 6599451
TI  - Dry mass determination of secretory granules of the submaxillary glands of male
      and female rats.

PMID- 6599452
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of oral ureaplasmas attached to dental surfaces.

PMID- 6599453
TI  - The calcifying odontogenic cyst. Clinical and histological analysis of 10 cases.

PMID- 6599454
TI  - A clinical study on blood viscosity.

PMID- 6599455
TI  - [Permanent-wear lenses and biomaterials].

PMID- 6599456
TI  - [Hydrophilic soft lenses and corneal deposits of amiodarone].

PMID- 6599457
TI  - [Relation between dentofacial orthopedics and periodontics].

PMID- 6599458
TI  - Steepness of the articular eminentia and TMJ anterior meniscus displacement.

PMID- 6599459
TI  - The reliability of a mandibular kinesiograph.

PMID- 6599460
TI  - Incidence of localized alveolar osteitis in a general practice residency program.

PMID- 6599461
TI  - The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and its oral manifestations.

PMID- 6599462
TI  - The periodontal ligament injection: a clinical evaluation study in mandibular
      molars.

PMID- 6599463
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies to human myelomonocyte differentiation antigens in the
      diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia.
AB  - The immunological definition of malignant lymphatic cells has already been
      routinely applied by many laboratories over a number of years. Today it is clear
      and undisputed that the phenotypic data obtained in that way are often very
      useful and supporting. The immunological definition of non-lymphoid leukemias is
      not yet as far advanced. Additional surface markers for the recognition of poorly
      differentiated non-lymphoid cells are clearly needed. In this paper ten
      monoclonal antibodies to myeloid surface antigens are described. It is hoped that
      they are a useful addition to the presently available relatively small panel of
      well studied myeloid surface markers which are displayed by immature malignant
      blast cells.

PMID- 6599464
TI  - Definition of AML susceptibility and classification using monoclonal antibodies.
AB  - Of 112 patients with acute leukemia 13 exhibited terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl
      transferase activity (TdT) with a cell phenotype characterized by the presence of
      early or mature monocyte differentiation antigens detected by monoclonal
      antibodies and elevated serum lysozyme. These cells were either unclassifiable by
      cytochemical analysis or fell into the M2 or M5 categories by the French-American
      British classification. These leukemias appear to form a distinct nosologic
      entity representing a malignant transformation among early cells in the monocyte
      lineage. Among 60 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia 87% expressed the
      polymorphic Ia antigen detected by monoclonal antibody 109d6 compared to an
      incidence of 40.5% in the control population, relative risk 9.2. Evidence was
      obtained that this antigen was present in healthy family members and remission B
      cells and monocytes of patients, and that its presence was associated with a
      genetically defined susceptibility state for the development of acute myelogenous
      leukemia.

PMID- 6599465
TI  - [Periodontal dressings].

PMID- 6599466
TI  - [Viral hepatitis B, a risk in the dental profession: study of a group of dentists
      in Medellin, Colombia 1984].

PMID- 6599467
TI  - Potential hazard, with silicone resuscitators.

PMID- 6599468
TI  - Oral manifestations in systemic disease.

PMID- 6599469
TI  - Surgical techniques in periodontal treatment.

PMID- 6599471
TI  - Health for all by the year 2000--the contribution of dentistry.

PMID- 6599470
TI  - The reinforcement of endodontically treated teeth.

PMID- 6599472
TI  - The natural history of periodontal diseases.

PMID- 6599473
TI  - The pathogenesis of periodontal disease.

PMID- 6599474
TI  - Microbiological aspects of periodontal disease.

PMID- 6599475
TI  - Changing attitudes and behaviour through public health promotion programmes.

PMID- 6599476
TI  - Periodontal treatment planning.

PMID- 6599477
TI  - Occlusal assessment.

PMID- 6599478
TI  - Dentistry towards the year 2000. Future direction of dental practice.

PMID- 6599479
TI  - Changing disease patterns and social expectations in dentistry.

PMID- 6599480
TI  - Morphology of the enamel-cementum microvascular junction of the mouse incisor.

PMID- 6599481
TI  - A study of bilabial lip pressure in a normal population.

PMID- 6599482
TI  - Animal cephalometry--practical considerations.

PMID- 6599483
TI  - Malocclusion and the "tongue-to-lower-lip behaviour".

PMID- 6599485
TI  - Proceedings of the First European Meeting on Hypertension. 29 May-1 June 1983,
      Milan, Italy.

PMID- 6599484
TI  - Symposium on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: treatment of hypertension
      and heart failure. Satellite symposium of the First European Meeting on
      Hypertension. 28 May 1983, Milan, Italy.

PMID- 6599486
TI  - Effects on blood pressure of low dose oestrogen and progestagen only oral
      contraceptives.
AB  - Oral contraceptives containing at least 50 micrograms oestrogen and 1-4 mg
      progestagen can raise blood pressure [1,2]. However, there is controversy about
      the effect of lower doses of oestrogen [3-5] on blood pressure and especially the
      role of the progestagen component [6-9]. We describe the results of a
      prospective, controlled study of the effects on blood pressure of contraceptive
      preparations containing different types and dosages of oestrogen and of
      progestagen.

PMID- 6599487
TI  - Calcium influx mediated vasoconstriction: studies in patients with mild and
      moderate essential hypertension.
AB  - The forearm vascular resistance (FVR) following intra-arterial infusions of the
      calcium influx inhibitors nicardipine and verapamil and sodium nitroprusside was
      compared to that following 10 min arterial occlusion in 10 normotensive (NT)
      individuals aged 45 +/- 12 years, 12 patients with mild essential hypertension
      (EH) aged 42 +/- 14 years and 11 patients with moderate EH aged 49 +/- 11 years.
      Forearm blood flow was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography and
      resistance was calculated as mean intra-arterial blood pressure/forearm blood
      flow. The minimal vascular resistance following arterial occlusion was greater in
      mild EH than in NT and still greater in moderate EH. The minimal vascular
      resistance to sodium nitroprusside and verapamil was comparable in the three
      groups. In moderate EH the minimal resistance to nicardipine and verapamil was
      lower than that following arterial occlusion. When adjusted for the decrease in
      vascular resistance to arterial occlusion the decrease in resistance to
      nicardipine and verapamil was greater in moderate EH compared with NT and mild EH
      but this was not the case for sodium nitroprusside. These findings support the
      concept of an enhanced calcium influx mediated vasoconstriction in the
      established phase of essential hypertension but they do not indicate that this is
      a primary pathogenetic mechanism for the development of essential hypertension.

PMID- 6599488
TI  - Clonidine through the skin in the treatment of essential hypertension: is it
      practical?
AB  - The antihypertensive effects and side-effects of a clonidine transdermal
      therapeutic system (clonidine-TTS) were examined over 10 weeks in 22 patients
      with essential hypertension. The clonidine-TTS containing a 2.5 mg drug reservoir
      was designed to release 0.1 mg clonidine/24 h for seven days through a micropore
      rate-controlling membrane. In the total group mean systolic and diastolic blood
      pressure decreased from 162 +/- 14/106 +/- 4 mmHg to 137 +/- 17/92 +/- 8 mmHg
      after four weeks and 136 +/- 13/90 +/- 7 mmHg after 10 weeks (P less than 0.001).
      Five patients (23%) responded well to one clonidine-TTS (diastolic blood pressure
      less than or equal to 95 mmHg) and seven patients (32%) needed two clonidine-TTS.
      Additional oral therapy with 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide/day resulted in reduction
      of blood pressure to normal in six of the remaining 10 patients. This good
      pressure response was, however, accompanied by a high incidence of local allergic
      skin reactions of delayed type (type IV) in seven (32%) of the 22 cases. Patch
      testing with various components of clonidine-TTS which was performed in four of
      the seven patients showed in three cases allergic contact dermatitis to
      clonidine. Our results demonstrate a good and sustained antihypertensive action
      of clonidine-TTS. However, the extraordinarily high incidence of skin allergy to
      clonidine limits its use in the treatment of essential hypertension.

PMID- 6599489
TI  - Influence of age on the response to increased salt intake: effects on blood
      pressure and sodium in erythrocytes.
AB  - Blood pressure (BP), sodium in erythrocytes (IeNa) and transmembrane sodium
      fluxes were determined in normotensive 30 and 50-year-old men with a family
      history of hypertension (group H; n = 17 and 11 respectively) and without such
      history (group C; n = 15 and 26 respectively) during normal salt intake and after
      four weeks on ordinary diet plus 12 g NaCl daily. The 50-year-old men showed a
      significant increase in BP and weight during high salt intake while the younger
      men did not. On normal salt, group H had a significantly higher IeNa than group C
      in both age groups. In the younger group this was accompanied by a decreased Na
      efflux rate constant. IeNa decreased significantly in group H in both age groups.
      The decrease in IeNa and increase in pump activity in group H during high salt
      intake does not support the existence of a sodium transport inhibitor. The
      increase in BP in the older group during high salt indicates that age is an
      important factor in BP response.

PMID- 6599490
TI  - Response to slow, graded bleeding in salt-depleted rats.
AB  - The response to slow bleeding was studied in rats on low sodium intake (0.04%)
      versus 'ordinary' (0.4%) intake. After 12 days on the diets acute experiments
      were performed on paired, conscious rats. Initially the salt-depleted rats had
      slightly lower mean arterial pressure (121 +/- 2 versus 129 +/- 3 mmHg, n = 30
      pairs, P less than 0.02). Heart rate (HR), cardiac output, plasma volume,
      extracellular volume and plasma renin activity (PRA) did not differ
      significantly, while haematocrit was slightly higher in the salt-depleted rats
      (46.5 +/- 0.3 versus 45.1 +/- 0.5%, P less than 0.05). The animals were then
      slowly bled 1 ml every 5 min until mean arterial pressure (MAP) fell and remained
      below 50 mmHg. The controls tolerated up to a 55 +/- 1% loss of initial blood
      volume, while the salt-depleted rats turned into irreversible shock already after
      losing 38 +/- 2% (P less than 0.001). At this stage compensatory haemodilution,
      HR and PRA increases were less pronounced than in the controls, suggesting that
      chronic sodium restriction had somehow interfered with the neurohormonal defences
      against accidental salt fluid losses.

PMID- 6599491
TI  - Sodium and calcium in lymphocytes and erythrocytes in essential hypertension.
AB  - The present study compared protein-related sodium concentrations in lymphocytes
      with the sodium and calcium activities in erythrocytes from 12 untreated patients
      with essential hypertension and 15 normal control subjects. It appeared that
      protein-related Na+ in lymphocytes was elevated about threefold in essential
      hypertensives. Comparable increases were also noted in intracellular Na+ and Ca2+
      activities. The correlation between Na+ in lymphocytes and in erythrocytes was
      not close. These results suggest that the determination of protein-related Na+ in
      lymphocytes discriminates between normotensives and essential hypertensives as
      well as measurements of ion activities in erythrocytes. Altered intracellular ion
      binding may be partly responsible for the changes in intracellular protein
      related Na+.

PMID- 6599493
TI  - Haemodynamic adjustment to weight reduction--separate effects of energy versus
      salt restriction.
AB  - Repeated invasive haemodynamic investigations were performed in two matched
      groups of patients before and after weight reduction. The patients in Group I had
      an individually adjusted energy restricted diet and daily dietary sodium
      supplementation to keep the sodium intake unchanged from baseline. In Group II
      the patients had the same energy reduced diet but also sodium restriction from
      183 +/- 48 to 87 +/- 34 mmol/24 h (P less than 0.001). The energy intake was
      reduced by about 50% in both groups and the mean reduction in body weight in
      Group I was 9.2 kg and in Group II 8.8 kg. In Group II the patients had
      significant reduction of cardiac output, cardiac index, heart rate and blood
      pressure. No increase in total peripheral resistance was noted. The patients in
      Group I had a significant reduction of heart rate only. We suggest that the
      failure of a blood pressure to fall was caused by the relative increase in blood
      volume observed in patients on a normal sodium intake during weight reduction.
      The cardiovascular response observed after concomitant sodium and energy
      restriction is consistent with a reduction of sympathetic nervous system activity
      and this conclusion is supported by reduced circulating norepinephrine and
      urinary excretion of norepinephrine.

PMID- 6599492
TI  - Different blood pressure responses to diuretic treatment in normotensive subjects
      with and without a family history of hypertension.
AB  - The possibility that the familial background for hypertension may influence the
      blood pressure response to diuretic treatment was evaluated in 14 normotensive
      subjects with negative and 14 normotensive subjects with positive family history
      of hypertension. Under control conditions, blood pressure, heart rate, body
      weight, urinary sodium and potassium, plasma sodium, potassium, creatinine,
      norepinephrine, epinephrine, renin and aldosterone levels did not differ between
      the two study groups. Each subject received chlorthalidone, 100 mg/day, or
      indapamide, 2.5 mg/day for eight weeks. Compared with control values, blood
      pressure was decreased during diuretic treatment in subjects with positive (P
      less than 0.05), but not in those with negative family history for hypertension.
      Diuretic-induced decreases in plasma potassium (P less than 0.005), increases in
      plasma renin activity and aldosterone (P less than 0.005), and a tendency towards
      higher plasma norepinephrine levels were not different between the two study
      groups. These findings suggest that the familial background of hypertension may,
      at least in part, determine the blood pressure response to diuretic treatment.

PMID- 6599494
TI  - Sodium and potassium concentrations of renal cortical cells two animal models of
      primary arterial hypertension.
AB  - Electron microprobe analysis was used to determine cellular concentrations of
      potassium and sodium in renal cortical cells of hypertensive rats of the Milan
      strain (MHS) and spontaneously hypertensive rats of the stroke prone strain
      (SHRSP) and their respective controls. Potassium concentrations in proximal and
      distal tubular cells were similar in both strains of hypertensive rats compared
      with their normotensive controls. In MHS rats proximal tubular cell sodium
      concentration was lower than in controls by 3.1 mmol/kg ww, whereas in both
      proximal and distal tubular cells of SHRSP sodium concentrations were higher than
      in controls by 5.3 and 4.3 mmol/kg ww, respectively. These results indicate that
      changes in the transport characteristics of the renal tubular epithelium are a
      feature of both models of hypertension.

PMID- 6599495
TI  - Chemical renal medullectomy: effect on blood pressure in normal rats.
AB  - The renal medulla may have a vasodepressor function in blood pressure control. We
      have studied the effect of selective ablation of the medulla produced with 2
      bromoethylamine hydrobromide on blood pressure in the rat. Increasing doses of
      bromoethylamine produced a corresponding degree of histological damage. Five
      weeks after medullary ablation intra-arterial blood pressure was elevated only in
      those groups of animals which had confluent necrosis of the papilla. The degree
      of hypertension was not related to plasma renin concentration but showed a
      significant correlation with urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion. Hypertension in
      medullectomized animals is probably due to a loss of a medullary vasodepressor
      function.

PMID- 6599496
TI  - The pressor effect of exogenous angiotensin II is diminished during dynamic
      exercise.
AB  - To evaluate the effect of dynamic exercise on the response to angiotensin II
      (AII), AII (7.5 ng/kg/min) or vehicle (P) was infused intravenously in seven
      normal sodium replete volunteers before, during and after a graded uninterrupted
      exercise test until exhaustion, using a randomized cross-over protocol. Plasma
      angiotensin II (PAII) during AII infusion was an average 86-145 pg/ml higher than
      during P. The differences in mean intra-arterial pressure between the AII and the
      P tests averaged 17 mmHg at recumbent rest, 12 mmHg in the sitting position on
      the bicycle ergometer and 7 mmHg at 20% of peak work rate declining progressively
      throughout the exercise test to become insignificant from 80% of peak work rate
      on. A significant difference reappeared after exercise. It is suggested that the
      powerful vasoconstriction in some vascular beds and the dilatation in others
      oppose the vasoconstricting effect of AII; other possible mechanisms are changes
      in pH and a decrease of the difference in log PAII between the AII and P tests
      with increasing levels of endogenous PAII during exercise.

PMID- 6599497
TI  - Do renal afferent fibres modulate the function of the contralateral kidney?
AB  - Denervation of one kidney has been shown to induce a prompt decrease in sodium
      and water excretion from the contralateral kidney. The present study was designed
      to clarify whether this response is due to suppression of a tonic inhibitory
      renorenal reflex. Experiments were performed in anaesthetized cats in which the
      renal nerves of the left kidney were transiently blocked by cooling and the
      effects of this blockade on either kidney were studied in three different groups
      of animals. The decrease in sodium and water excretion from the contralateral
      (right) kidney observed in the sham-operated group (intact dorsal roots) was
      still present, and substantially unchanged, in the second group of animals in
      which the ipsilateral (left) dorsal roots from T9 to L4 were cut. In the third
      group of cats, bilateral dorsal root section entirely abolished the response of
      the contralateral kidney to renal nerve cooling. These experiments demonstrate
      that the contralateral decrease in sodium and water excretion is due to the block
      of afferent renal nerve fibres which project bilaterally to the spinal cord.

PMID- 6599499
TI  - Comparison of ambulatory blood pressure and cardiovascular reflexes in elderly
      hypertensives, elderly normotensives and young hypertensives.
AB  - Thirteen elderly hypertensives (EH) underwent ambulatory blood pressure (BP)
      monitoring and measurement of cardiovascular reflexes. The results were compared
      with elderly normotensives (EN) and young hypertensives (YH) in studies using the
      same protocol. There was a greater disparity between casual systolic BP (SBP) and
      ambulatory awake SBP in EH than EN or YH. Variability of SBP was greater in the
      elderly than in the young, whilst baroreflex activity was reduced in the elderly,
      more markedly so in EH. Response to tilt and pressor tests were similar in EH and
      EN. EH showed greater changes in response to tilt and dynamic exercise than YH.
      The results suggest an exaggerated response to casual BP measurement in EH. The
      reduced baroreflex activity in EH could be associated with greater degenerative
      changes. The EH are exposed to greater peaks of BP than EN in response to pressor
      stimuli.

PMID- 6599498
TI  - Interaction between mental stress and baroreceptor control of heart rate and
      sympathetic activity in conscious spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and
      normotensive (WKY) rats.
AB  - Spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were compared with
      regard to the interaction between cortico-hypothalamic alerting responses and the
      baroreflex influences on neurogenic cardiovascular control. Baroreceptor
      sensitivity was assessed as heart rate (HR) and renal sympathetic nerve activity
      (RSNA) reduction per mmHg mean arterial pressure (MAP) increase by phenylephrine
      infusion. Response to 'mental stress' was studied. Addition of 'mental stress'
      during baroreceptor activation (30 mmHg MAP increase) was also performed. RSNA
      was higher in SHR than in WKY during rest and increased more during stress.
      Baroreflex sensitivity was reduced in SHR compared with WKY concerning HR (0.44
      +/- 0.06 versus 0.78 +/- 0.08%/mmHg). Percentage RSNA reduction was similar,
      while RSNA reduction appeared greater in SHR in comparison with WKY (0.10 +/-
      0.02 and 0.06 +/- 0.01 microV/mmHg, P less than 0.12). During baroreflex
      activation 'mental stress' increased both HR (+24 +/- 7%) and RSNA (+114 +/- 21%)
      in SHR with almost no changes in WKY. The results suggest an increased cortico
      hypothalamic activity in SHR, which is clearly augmented during 'mental stress'
      and readily overcomes baroreflex inhibitory influences on sympathetic activity.

PMID- 6599500
TI  - Studies on salivary flow in borderline hypertension.
AB  - Salivary flow and the influence of drugs on this variable were studied in
      subjects with borderline hypertension and in normotensive control subjects.
      Saliva production under resting conditions was 0.85 +/- 0.08 g/min in
      normotensive subjects and 0.51 +/- 0.04 g/min in borderline hypertensive
      subjects. In both groups of subjects studied, salivary secretion was decreased by
      atropine but propranolol and phentolamine had no effect. The stimulating effect
      of neostigmine on saliva production was more pronounced in normotensive than in
      borderline hypertensive subjects. Thus, in order to increase salivary flow by 1
      g/min 28 +/- 0.9 micrograms/min neostigmine had to be infused intravenously in
      normotensives compared with 41 +/- 3.8 micrograms/min in borderline
      hypertensives. The results of the study suggest that subjects with borderline
      hypertension have a reduced parasympathetic drive to the salivary glands.

PMID- 6599501
TI  - The role of vascular hypertrophy in early and chronic renovascular hypertension.
AB  - Pressor responsiveness to angiotensin II and noradrenaline have been examined
      using a blood perfused hind limb preparation in early and chronic renovascular
      hypertension before and after correction of the hypertension by removing the
      renal artery clip. Hypersensitivity was only partially developed in the early
      phase but markedly so in the chronic phase. After renal artery unclipping blood
      pressure returned to normal within 24 h despite the continued presence of
      enhanced vascular reactivity. When studied 60 days after unclipping, pressor
      responsiveness had returned to normal in both previously early and chronic
      hypertensive rats. These results suggest that hypersensitivity to pressor agents
      develops after hypertension has become established and as a consequence of
      structural vascular change in response to the raised blood pressure. Although
      these changes may play a role in the maintenance of blood pressure in chronic
      hypertension they are of little importance in the development of hypertension.

PMID- 6599502
TI  - Calcium sensitivity and cardiac performance in genetic and renal models of
      hypertension.
AB  - We have compared cardiac performance, hypertrophy and sensitivity to calcium and
      verapamil of hearts of six to nine-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats
      (SHR), two-kidney, one clip renal hypertensive rats (RHR) and age-matched
      controls. Cardiac output and heart rate were measured using an isolated perfused
      heart preparation. Mean blood pressure (BP) and heart weight were equally
      increased in SHR and RHR as was optimal left atrial filling pressure. Cardiac
      output was increased in both SHR and RHR at any given work load; this improvement
      was seen especially in SHR and at high aortic pressure (160 cm H2O) was
      significant in SHR but not RHR. In low [Ca2+], 0.6 mM, cardiac output of RHR and
      controls fell markedly, but changed little in SHR, whereas in high [Ca2+], 5.1
      mM, cardiac performance deteriorated in SHR but was improved in RHR and controls.
      Verapamil 2 X 10(-7) M reduced Ca2+ responsiveness of RHR and controls threefold
      but had no effect in SHR. The results suggest there may be an abnormality of
      cardiac calcium utilization in inherited but not in acquired hypertension.

PMID- 6599503
TI  - Reproducibility of laboratory tests evaluating neural cardiovascular regulation
      in man.
AB  - In 31 normotensive and hypertensive subjects with continuous intra-arterial blood
      pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) monitoring, we examined the short term
      reproducibility of the haemodynamic responses to a number of tests commonly
      employed in studies on neural cardiovascular regulation: (1) hand-grip exercise
      and cold pressor tests that increase BP and HR through central and reflex
      mechanisms; (2) bolus injections of phenylephrine and trinitroglycerine that
      reflexly reduce and increase HR through stimulation and inhibition of arterial
      baroreceptors; (3) negative and positive pressure alterations within a neck
      chamber that reflexly reduce and increase BP through stimulation and inhibition
      of carotid baroreceptors. Each test was standardized and repeated at 30 min
      intervals six times in each subject. In the group as a whole the BP and HR
      responses to hand-grip showed a variability (mean variation coefficient, VC) of
      22 and 25% respectively. BP and HR responses to cold pressor test showed a VC of
      17 and 44% and HR responses to trinitroglycerine showed a VC of 28%. HR responses
      to phenylephrine were slightly less (19%) and BP responses to neck chamber
      considerably less variable (14 and 10%). The variability of the responses was not
      related to basal BP or HR or to the time sequence of the tests. Thus, tests
      commonly employed for studying neural cardiovascular control in man have a
      limited short-term reproducibility. This implies that caution should be used in
      interpreting results obtained by a single performance of any given test, and in
      comparing results in different states or groups such as normotensive and
      hypertensive subjects, unless a relatively large number of responses is
      available.

PMID- 6599504
TI  - Calmodulin-dependent Ca2+ transport across plasma membranes in primary
      hypertension.
AB  - The rate of calcium transport in the erythrocytes in both forms of primary
      hypertension [essential hypertension (EH) of humans and spontaneously
      hypertensive rats (SHR)] and in microsomes of SHR brain were studied. In the
      erythrocyte membranes subjected to calmodulin depletion by EGTA treatment both
      the affinity of the Ca-pump for Ca2+ and its maximal activity in primary
      hypertension did not differ from normotensive controls. The addition of exogenous
      calmodulin to calmodulin-stripped membranes from erythrocytes of EH or SHR and
      microsomes of SHR brain resulted in a smaller increase of the Ca-pump activity.
      It is suggested that the decrease of the rate of calmodulin-dependent calcium
      transport across the plasma membrane may be a cause for the increased
      intracellular calcium content found in some tissues in primary hypertension.

PMID- 6599505
TI  - Essential hypertension--implications for pathogenesis from repeated haemodynamic
      investigations in young men with elevated blood pressure.
AB  - Repeated invasive haemodynamic studies were performed in young men (18-21 years)
      with elevated blood pressures and age and sex-matched normotensive controls
      before military service and five years later as a follow-up study. Patients with
      high blood pressure initially showed increased cardiac output and increased
      vascular resistance during maximal vasodilatation. The latter observation
      suggests arteriolar wall hypertrophy but was restricted to the subgroup of
      patients with low/normal cardiac output (normokinetic subgroup). In the follow-up
      study the cardiac output in patients with high blood pressure was no longer
      increased in comparison with controls and this normalization was restricted to
      patients previously showing the highest cardiac output (hyperkinetic subgroup).
      Contrary to the hypothesis this subgroup of patients had not developed
      significant signs of arteriolar wall hypertrophy although a tendency was present.

PMID- 6599506
TI  - Prediction of later hypertension following a hypertensive pregnancy.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to identify factors predicting later
      hypertension following a hypertensive pregnancy. In the years 1969-1973, 261 out
      of a total of 17 000 pregnancies were complicated by pre-eclampsia or
      hypertension in pregnancy. In a follow-up study seven to 12 years later, 238
      (91.2%) of these women were investigated. It was discovered that 26.4% of the
      women had hypertension and 10.1% had borderline hypertension compared with 2 and
      6.5% respectively in a group of matched control subjects. A stepwise regression
      analysis was performed in order to evaluate the association between nine
      different variables and blood pressure at follow-up. We found that systolic blood
      pressure in early pregnancy was the single most important factor predicting
      systolic blood pressure at follow-up (r2 = 0.28). When highest recorded blood
      pressure before delivery and age were entered into the statistical model, r2 was
      increased to 0.35 (P less than 0.0001). Unlike previous studies, parity and
      proteinuria did not add to the predictive power of the analysis. Late
      hypertension was found in more than 25% of women seven to 12 years after a
      hypertensive pregnancy. The most important factor associated with later
      hypertension was blood pressure before pregnancy.

PMID- 6599507
TI  - The introduction of genes into cultured cells and intact mammals.

PMID- 6599508
TI  - The effects of mirror confrontation on self-estimation of body dimensions in
      anorexia nervosa, bulimia and two control groups.
AB  - Using an apparatus which provides a continuous horizontal slit of light of
      variable length, self-estimations of 4 body widths were carried out before and
      after a mirror confrontation procedure on 4 groups of young female subjects-
      anorexic, bulimic, emotionally disturbed and normal. The results confirm that
      anorexic subjects overestimate body size, although in this study the hip diameter
      was frequently underestimated. Bulimic and emotionally disturbed subjects
      overestimate to much the same degree as anorexics, whereas normal subjects are
      remarkably accurate with the exception of the head width. Mirror confrontation
      resulted in reduced estimations in the majority of subjects, but significant
      differences were found in the degree to which this occurred in the 4 groups;
      anorexic subjects showed the greatest change and normal subjects the least. This
      relative instability of the anorexic subject's body image cannot be explained
      simply on the basis of a self-correcting experience, as many estimations which
      were initially below actual width were even lower on re-testing. In the anorexic
      and bulimic groups a significant correlation was found between the degree of
      overestimation after mirror confrontation and progress in treatment, as measured
      on a specially devised rating scale. Possible explanations for these findings and
      their diagnostic and prognostic implications are discussed.

PMID- 6599509
TI  - [Bone and vascular gammagraphy in the study of primary bone neoplasms. Diagnostic
      value and monitoring of clinical course. Review of 50 cases].
AB  - Fifty patients with bone primary tumors (multiple myeloma, osteogenic sarcoma,
      Ewing's sarcoma, giant cell tumor, and others) were studied gammagraphically
      after injecting 555 MBq of 99mTc-MDP. Eighty per cent of the cases were found in
      long bones, specially femur and tibia. These two bones were the preferent
      localization of osteosarcomas. Ewing's neoplasms were mostly diaphysial and
      osteoclastomas epiphysial.

PMID- 6599510
TI  - Quality control in clinical chemistry--efforts to find an efficient strategy.

PMID- 6599511
TI  - Nordic surveys of analytical quality in clinical chemistry laboratories.
AB  - The design of the 1979 revision of the Nordic interlaboratory survey of
      analytical quality is described. Two Nordic surveys have been run with the new
      scheme (in 1979 and 1980). State of the art data (intralaboratory imprecision and
      total variation) is presented and compared with previous Nordic survey results
      and with analytical goals (Aspen). The analytical bias of sodium, potassium,
      chloride, creatinine, urea, glucose, and cholesterol was estimated by comparison
      with highly accurate reference methods (neutron activation, isotope dilution mass
      spectrometry).

PMID- 6599512
TI  - Assessment of analytical quality in Nordic clinical chemistry laboratories using
      data from contemporary national programs.
AB  - The aim of this investigation was primarily to assess analytical quality
      expressed as between-laboratory, within-laboratory, and total imprecision, not in
      order to detect laboratories with poor performance, but in the positive sense to
      provide data for improving critical steps in analytical methodology. The aim was
      also to establish the present state of the art in comparison with earlier
      investigations to see if improvement in analytical quality could be observed.

PMID- 6599513
TI  - External quality assessment of serum hormone determinations in the Nordic
      countries.
AB  - Since 1979 the Nordic Clinical Chemistry Project (NORDKEM) has organized four
      external quality assessment surveys of serum hormone determinations in the five
      Nordic countries. Charcoal-stripped control sera with weighed additions of the
      following hormones have been used: thyrotropin, human placental lactogen,
      prolactin, estriol, estradiol, testosterone, cortisol, triiodothyronine,
      thyroxine, and, in the fourth survey, progesterone. Human serum was usually used
      but in the first survey the serum matrix for the protein hormones was calf serum.
      In three years no systematic improvement in the coefficients of variation of the
      results has occurred. The change from calf serum to human serum also had no major
      effects on the results. Percentage coefficients of bias usually varied on both
      sides of the true value, but at low hormone concentrations the results were
      almost always positively biased. It is therefore useful to know the true hormone
      concentrations of the control samples because all-laboratory means are relatively
      often biased from these. Variation produced by different methods of calculation
      of the radioimmunoassay results and the influence of outlying standard points on
      these data processing routines were studied in the third survey. It is possible
      that sometimes the variation produced by different methods of calculation is one
      of the main components of the total variation in external quality assessment of
      RIA. There were no major differences between the performance of computerized or
      manual calculation methods. The influence of different calibration standards on
      serum thyroxine determination was studied in the fourth survey. Of the total
      coefficient of variation (10.8% to 17.0%) the component of variation produced by
      different thyroxine calibration standards was 0.8% to 4.6%. In conclusion,
      standardization of the data processing methods and further standardization of
      assay reagents are urgently needed to give possibilities to identify more subtle
      differences in the analytical performance of the laboratories. External quality
      assessment of hormone determinations needs improvement of the quality of
      reference materials.

PMID- 6599514
TI  - External quality assessment of serum drug determinations in the Nordic countries.
AB  - A system for external quality assessment of serum drug determinations in the five
      Nordic countries has been established, and results of several surveys of
      antiepileptic drug determinations are described. The work was started as a
      pioneer work of NORDKEM at the time when NORDKEM was founded and was carried out
      during the years 1977-1979. The problems concerning methodology of drug analyses
      and, consequently, the problem of setting up quality assessment systems differ
      clearly from those in connection with the common analyses of clinical chemistry.
      Especially the quality of control materials is very important. An expert panel of
      drug specialists is necessary to plan and interpret an external quality
      assessment program of drug analyses, but it can very well be carried out in
      connection with other quality assessment programs. The state of the art of
      antiepileptic drug determinations in the Nordic countries at the time of the
      surveys was very good. The level of inaccuracy was well below 5%, and the level
      of imprecision was mainly in the range of 15-20%, although no outliers were
      excluded during the statistical treatment of the data.

PMID- 6599515
TI  - Improvements in the routine investigation of urinary calculi.
AB  - Results from an external quality assessment program of urinary calculi analysis
      are shown. Some analytical improvements have been observed since a similar
      investigation two years earlier. Many erroneous results, however, were found.
      Best agreement was found between laboratories which produced results on an
      interval scale ("quantitative"). The laboratories in this group used either x-ray
      diffraction, infrared spectrometry, or wet chemistry. This, however, did not
      apply to the wet chemistry kit Merckognost 11003, which was used by 24 of the 57
      participating laboratories. A study of this kit by our laboratory led to several
      improvements including better calibration and reduced imprecision. General
      recommendations of how to present the analytical results to the clinician are
      given.

PMID- 6599516
TI  - Specimen-dependent effects on the apparent analytical quality in surveys of
      Nordic clinical chemistry laboratories.
AB  - In the 1979 and 1980 Nordic surveys of analytical quality in clinical chemistry
      laboratories it was observed that measures of imprecision and bias showed
      specimen-associated differences for some analytes. These observations are
      presented and discussed in the paper.

PMID- 6599517
TI  - Apparent interlaboratory variation using different types of reference sera.
AB  - Nine reference sera have been investigated in the same types of analyses in nine
      laboratories. Seven sera were of human origin, and two of animal origin. The
      analyses were repeated six times. Comparing the apparent interlaboratory
      variation of each reference serum, specimen associated effects were demonstrated.
      The effects were often considerable, and they were detected for nearly all of the
      analytes investigated: albumin, alkaline phosphatase, amylase, bilirubins,
      calcium (II), cholesterol, cobalamines, creatininium, creatine kinase, glucose,
      lactate dehydrogenase, magnesium (II), protein (total), and sodium ion. The
      effects are discussed according to their nature, viz. matrix effects, analyte
      simulation effects, and analyte concentration effects. These effects seemed
      distinct when poor methods were compared. Matrix effects were associated with
      lack of specificity, and analyte concentration effects with lack of linearity.
      The lyophilized serum from outdated bank blood showed the best agreement with
      fresh frozen pool of patients sera; the mixed bovine-equine lyophilized serum
      (AutonormTM, Nyegaard & Co. AS, Norway) showed the most frequent disagreements.
      Matrix and analyte simulation effects were probably the main cause.

PMID- 6599518
TI  - External quality assessment programs in Denmark.

PMID- 6599519
TI  - External quality assessment programs in Finland 1971-1983.

PMID- 6599520
TI  - External quality assessment programs in Norway 1976-1982.

PMID- 6599521
TI  - Principles for developing improved quality control procedures.
AB  - Achieving quality goals in the clinical chemistry laboratory requires a
      comprehensive understanding of the many critical components and factors that are
      involved in a quality assurance program. The present paper has therefore been
      divided into sections dealing with quality goals as a rational starting point,
      determinants of quality for an analytical procedure, assessing the quality of a
      measurement procedure, assessing the quality of an internal control procedure,
      improving the quality of internal control procedures, designing an internal
      control procedure to provide a specified level of quality, strategy for
      implementing high power control procedures, implications of frequency of errors
      and predictive value theory on design of control procedures, role of external
      quality assessment in achieving quality goals, tools needed to improve quality
      control, and further considerations in achieving quality goals. In designing
      control procedures we have focused mainly on internal statistical control,
      emphasizing the new aspects of frequency of analytical disturbances. Less
      detailed consideration has been given to external quality assessment, though this
      problem area is also essential to a quality assurance program. Many other aspects
      have not been discussed, e.g., requirements for control materials, and use of
      patient specimens for control purposes, though both aspects are obviously very
      important. Even with these limitations, we think that quality control can be
      improved by development of better control procedures following the principles
      outlined here.

PMID- 6599522
TI  - External quality assessment programs in Sweden on a coordinated regional basis.

PMID- 6599523
TI  - A quality control simulator for design and evaluation of internal quality control
      procedures.
AB  - A computer simulation program has been developed to aid clinical chemists in the
      design and theoretical evaluation of statistical control procedures. This "QC
      simulator" permits the user to study the effects of different parameters
      characterizing the measurement procedure (method standard deviation, components
      of variation, rounding of results) and parameters of the control procedure
      (decision criteria, control limits, number of observations). The performance of
      control procedures is characterized by the probability for rejection, estimated
      at several different levels of random and systematic error. Predictive values for
      reject and accept signals are also calculated at different error incident rates,
      given a specified error model. The relative performance of different control
      procedures can be compared based on these performance characteristics. Another
      important application of the program is the design of control procedures to
      assure that a specified level of analytical quality is achieved in routine
      analyses. Various optimization criteria may be applied, e.g., in terms of test
      yield and cost.

PMID- 6599524
TI  - Computer systems for implementation of internal quality control procedures.
AB  - The present paper gives a specification of the desired capabilities of a computer
      system for internal quality control, discusses the advantages and disadvantages
      of micro-computers in this context, and gives an over-view of commercially
      available micro-computer QC programs.

PMID- 6599525
TI  - Data base management systems for evaluation of analytical procedures.
AB  - The present paper gives a short introduction to data base management systems, and
      their application in the clinical laboratory for evaluating the quality of
      analytical procedures. Two applications based on the MIMER relational data base
      management system are described in some detail: An internal quality control data
      base under development at the clinical chemistry laboratory of the University
      Hospital in Uppsala, and a data base system for external quality assessment
      developed in a previous NORDKEM project.

PMID- 6599526
TI  - Workshops for teaching quality control to laboratory personnel: objectives and
      guidelines.
AB  - The educational aspects are crucial for a successful implementation of new
      control procedures in the clinical laboratory. The initial effort can take the
      form of workshops directed to laboratory directors and supervisors on one hand,
      and to laboratory analysts on the other. The present paper gives an outline of
      objectives and guidelines for teaching quality control to these two groups of
      laboratory personnel.

PMID- 6599527
TI  - The quality-costs of an analytical process: 1. Development of quality-costs
      models based on predictive value theory.
AB  - General considerations are presented for the development of quality-costs models
      based on predictive value theory [12]. Quality-costs include costs for
      prevention, appraisal (surveillance), and failure [1]. Failure-costs are due to
      incorrect analytical runs (medically important analytical errors by the
      measurement procedure) and incorrect decisions on the status of analytical runs
      (misclassifications by the control procedure). Failure-costs depend on
      characteristics of the measurement procedure (f, frequency of medically important
      analytical errors) and characteristics of the control procedure (ped, probability
      for error detection; pfr, probability for false rejection). An approach is
      presented for developing quantitative relationships to predict failure-costs
      based on these critical process characteristics. Efforts to provide cost
      effective analytical processes should be aided by models which can relate quality
      costs to characteristics of the measurement and control procedures.

PMID- 6599529
TI  - Monitoring long-term analytical quality by computerized combined Shewart-cusum
      method.
AB  - A computerized system for monitoring the long-term analytical quality has been
      developed. Input to the system is the control result obtained from a single
      analysis of a control specimen each day a test is run. To ensure comparability
      with random patient's specimens, lyophilized sera are reconstituted with variable
      (and secret) volumes of water for most tests included in the monitoring system.
      The control results are evaluated by a combined application of the Shewart
      control rule (limits at +/- 2 SD and +/- 3 SD) and decision limit cusum control,
      sensitive to imprecision and inaccuracy, respectively. Four years experience with
      the system is presented.

PMID- 6599528
TI  - The quality-costs of an analytical process: 2. A test yield formulation of the
      predictive value quality-costs model.
AB  - A quality-costs model has been developed to predict the cost effectiveness of a
      batch analytical process subject to intermittent analytical errors. The process
      test yield (the proportion of analytical measurements in an analytical run that
      are reportable as patient test results) provides a useful measure of the
      efficiency of an analytical process and can be related to critical
      characteristics of the measurement and control procedures. Equations are provided
      to estimate test yield from the measurement procedure's frequency of medically
      important errors (f) and the control procedure's probabilities for error
      detection (ped) and false rejection (pfr). Examples illustrate how losses in
      process output depend on the characteristics of the measurement and control
      procedures, and how increased control efforts may actually improve the yield of
      analytical processes when the frequency of errors is high. The test yield
      formulation of the quality-costs model should aid efforts to provide more cost
      effective analytical processes.

PMID- 6599530
TI  - Nested control procedures for internal analytical quality control. Theoretical
      design and practical evaluation.
AB  - A quality control system has been developed and evaluated for three Greiner
      automatic analyzers. The control system was built in a hierarchical way with
      different statistical rules for different stages of the analytical process.
      Computer simulation techniques were found to be very helpful in grasping the
      quantitative aspects of various design features. In the practical evaluation of
      the control system the calculated rates of false rejections were of the same
      order as the theoretical value of 0.01 in most cases, and the estimated
      frequencies of analytical disturbances varied between 0 and 0.25.

PMID- 6599531
TI  - The impact of quality control materials on the performance of an internal quality
      control system: 1. General considerations.
AB  - Quality assurance in clinical chemistry is based on statistical control
      procedures designed to maintain a certain level of quality. Decisions about
      acceptance or rejection of analytical series are made primarily from measurements
      of quality control materials. Such materials are most often of non-human origin;
      this may lead to false decisions due to non-identity of patient samples and
      quality control material. We have investigated the significance of non-identity
      between patient and control materials by running two separate quality control
      systems in parallel. A regular system used for acceptance or rejection of series,
      and a parallel system used for registration of the actual quality of the
      analytical routine work. The results from the latter system have not been
      available for the operator handling the control system used in routine work. Our
      study has confirmed the validity of an internal quality control system to achieve
      a certain level of analytical stability as expressed by the short-term and long
      term precision. However, because ideal control materials are not always
      available, additional procedures to control accuracy, specificity, and
      detectability may be necessary. The usefulness of such procedures to properly
      handle error signals from quality control systems has been demonstrated.

PMID- 6599532
TI  - The impact of quality control materials on the performance of an internal quality
      control system: 2. Experiences from S-calcium analysis.
AB  - In this subproject the analysis of S-calcium was used for evaluation of the
      specified system of internal quality control. Decisions on acceptance or
      rejection of series were based on a non-human pool with a calcium concentration
      near the upper reference limit. In the parallel system, specimens from patients
      and healthy individuals were used together with other non-human pools to disclose
      changes in accuracy. The results were examined for false rejections and false
      acceptances. In all the rejections based on a mean rule with 9 controls and a pfr
      of 0.01, the parallel system supported the decisions. On 18 occasions the series
      were rejected based on a range rule with a pfr of 0.05. Ten of the rejections
      were confirmed by the parallel system, and the remaining eight times of the 165
      series were close to the expected five per cent of false rejections. The matrix
      effect estimated from the human and non-human serum pools was less than 15 per
      cent of the total variation. This supported the convenient use of non-human
      control materials in the analysis of S-calcium. The total variation, CVt, was
      estimated to be in the range of 0.027-0.030. The median of the patient results
      could be a valuable tool in quality control, whereas the mean of patient results
      within the reference limits is of no value. In conclusion, the investigation
      confirmed the validity of a system for internal control of a specified quality.

PMID- 6599533
TI  - The impact of quality control materials on the performance of an internal quality
      control system: 3. Experiences from S-triiodothyronine analysis.
AB  - In this subproject a method for S-triiodothyronine was used for evaluation of the
      specified system of internal quality control. Decisions on acceptance and
      rejection of series were based on results from a human pool with triiodothyronine
      concentration at the upper reference limit. In the parallel system specimens from
      patients and from healthy individuals were used in combination with artificial
      materials so that changes in accuracy, specificity, and detectability could be
      disclosed. The results were examined for false rejections and false acceptances.
      For all the seven rejections in 117 series due to a mean rule of 8 controls with
      a pfr of 0.01, the parallel system supported the decisions. In eight occasions
      the series were rejected due to a range rule with a pfr of 0.05; one rejection
      was confirmed by the parallel system and the remaining seven times out of the 117
      series were close to the expected five percent of false rejections. A small
      systematic change in standardization of about eight percent was too small to be
      recognized by the quality control system. The specificity was not changed during
      the investigation period; all of the systematic changes were caused by variations
      in the standard materials. In conclusion the investigation confirmed the validity
      of the specified system of internal quality control.

PMID- 6599534
TI  - Internal quality control of radioimmunoassays.
AB  - A quality control system for radioimmunoassays is described. The system is
      designed to give a high probability for error detection and a low probability for
      false rejection by use of a combination of three control samples with different
      ligand concentration levels. Intra-assay precision profile is also calculated on
      the basis of deviations between the sample and the standard duplicates.

PMID- 6599536
TI  - Drugs, hormones, integrity and structure of gastric mucosa. Proceedings of an
      international workshop. Interlaken, Switzerland, 7 September 1983.

PMID- 6599535
TI  - Internal quality control of hormone determinations by RIA. Detection of
      clinically significant analytical errors of serum thyroxine determination.
AB  - An internal quality control system by which clinically significant analytical
      errors can be detected with high probability was developed for serum thyroxine
      (T4) determination by RIA. The mean concentration of the quality control samples
      (C1, C2, and C3) were 40.0, 101.8, and 156.7 nmol/l, and their total standard
      deviations (st) 2.5, 4.1, and 7.1 nmol/l, respectively, in stable analytical
      performance of the T4 assay. From the clinical point of view it was accepted that
      the results of C1 varied from 30 to 50 nmol/l at the most. When expressed in
      standard deviations, the same size of error was accepted for C2 and C3. It
      followed that the quality control system had to detect a systematic shift of
      2.43st (delta SEc) and a 2.08 times increase in random error (delta REc) in order
      that the quality goals could be reached. With three control samples the
      combination of rules, 1: 3s/CS1: (1.0s; 2.7s), which was chosen for manual
      quality control, detected the delta SEc with about an 80% probability and the
      delta REc with about a 30% probability. The probability of false rejections was
      less than 1%. The probability of detecting the delta SEc was considered
      acceptable, but to detect the delta REc with a higher probability, the within
      assay variation of each run was calculated from the results of duplicate patient
      samples. Although the whole run was not rejected because of systematic and/or
      random errors, individual samples were reanalysed if the results of their
      duplicate determinations differed from the criteria stated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      250 WORDS)

PMID- 6599537
TI  - The quantitation of the rat gastric mucosa by morphometric methods.
AB  - Cell and tissue components are three-dimensional objects which are usually
      studied on thin sections, where they appear as two-dimensional profiles.
      Stereological methods, which permit an extrapolation from two- to three
      dimensional space, are useful to quantify biological structures. After briefly
      reviewing the fundamental principles of stereology, their practical application
      as point-, intersection- and particle-counting is explained and illustrated on
      the gastric mucosa. To facilitate stereologic studies, an analytic model of
      gastric mucosa is presented. Finally, some data on the quantitative composition
      of different parts of the rat gastric mucosa as well as the mean volume and
      number of different gastric epithelial cells are presented.

PMID- 6599538
TI  - Parietal cell structure during inhibition of acid secretion.
AB  - Acute, pharmacological inhibition of gastric acid secretion is paralleled by a
      return of the parietal cells to a resting morphology. However, some inhibitors
      acting on targets in the parietal cells distal to the receptors, may inhibit acid
      secretion without the return to a resting morphology. This is the case with e.g.
      picoprazole and thiocyanate. Long-term pharmacological or surgical inhibition of
      acid secretion may be followed by changes in the number and/or size of the
      parietal cells.

PMID- 6599539
TI  - Both topical and systemic treatments with 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 are
      trophic to rat gastric mucosa.
AB  - As shown in a previous study, intragastric administration of 16,16-dimethyl
      prostaglandin E2 (PGE, 100 micrograms/kg t.i.d.) for three weeks induces growth
      of the gastric mucosa. The present experiments were designed to study the time
      course of histological changes after intragastric PGE and to test whether a
      similar effect could be observed after parenteral administration. Significant
      thickening of the corpus, but not the antral mucosa was observed after 3 days of
      intragastric treatment with PGE (100 micrograms/kg t.i.d.), whereas after three
      weeks the effect was more marked in the antrum than in the corpus. At a dose of
      25 micrograms/kg t.i.d., intraperitoneal PGE increased the height of antral
      mucosa to a similar degree as seen after intragastric treatment. DNA synthesis as
      assessed by autoradiography after administration of 3H-thymidine at the end of
      the three week PGE treatment was increased both in the gastric corpus and antrum.
      Preliminary studies in suckling rats provide evidence that intragastric
      administration of PGE (100 micrograms/kg t.i.d.) from day 7 to 11 accelerates
      maturation of the gastric mucosa. It is concluded that thickening of gastric
      mucosa can be induced by both local and systemic administration of PGE and is
      due, at least in part, to increased proliferation of gastric mucosal cells.

PMID- 6599541
TI  - Generation of prostaglandins in gastric mucosa of patients with peptic ulcer
      disease: effect of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory compounds.
AB  - Human fundic mucosa generates various prostaglandins (PGs), particularly PGE2,
      and tromboxanes. This generation appears to be significantly lower in gastric
      ulcer patients than in duodenal ulcer patients or normal subjects. Nonsteroidal
      antiinflammatory compounds (NOSAC), such as aspirin or indomethacin, greatly
      reduce the PG biosynthesis and cause mucosal damage, including mucosal erosions
      and hemorrhages observed at endoscopy, increased gastric microbleeding and DNA
      loss. In contrast, paracetamol or carprofen, a novel NOSAC, fails to affect
      mucosal generation of PGs and does not influence gastric mucosal integrity. This
      study indicates that endogenous PGs may be involved in the pathogenesis of
      gastric ulcer and that normal generation of mucosal PGs is essential for the
      mucosal integrity.

PMID- 6599540
TI  - Distinction between antiulcer effect and cytoprotection.
AB  - Gastric ulcerations were produced in rats by oral administration of aspirin (ASA)
      suspended in a vehicle consisting of either water or increasing concentrations of
      HCl (0.005 M to 0.35 M). The lesions were prevented by antisecretory doses of a
      histamine H2 blocker (cimetidine) and by an anticholinergic agent (pro-banthine),
      but only when the acidity of the vehicle was low (0.05 M to 0.15 M), not at
      higher (0.35 M). On the other hand, 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 prevented ulcer formation
      even when ASA was suspended in all HCl concentrations, including 0.35 M HCl. In
      other studies, gastric mucosal necrosis was produced by oral administration of
      absolute ethanol. These lesions were not affected by cimetidine or two
      anticholinergic agents, pro-banthine and methscopolamine bromide, nor by
      alkalinization of the gastric lumen with NaHCO3 or pH 7 buffer; however, these
      ethanol-induced lesions were completely prevented by 16,16-dimethyl PGE2. We
      conclude that antisecretory agents, by blocking endogenous formation of acid, are
      antiulcer as long as no acid or only small amounts of acid (1 ml of 0.15 M or
      less) are given together with ASA. When higher concentrations are used (e.g. 0.35
      M HCl), the antisecretory effect of the inhibitors is overcome by the exogenous
      acid, and ulcers still form. Under these conditions, only "true" cytoprotective
      agents, such as 16,16-dimethyl PGE2, prevent ASA-induced ulcers, even in the
      presence of high acidity. Although cimetidine and pro-banthine were shown earlier
      to reduce ASA-induced ulcers at nonantisecretory doses, these agents may still
      decrease acid formation within the gastric glands.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
      WORDS)

PMID- 6599542
TI  - Sucralfate protection of the gastric mucosa against ethanol-induced injury: a
      prostaglandin-mediated process?
AB  - We studied whether sucralfate's protection of the gastric mucosa against ethanol
      induced injury in the rat is prostaglandin mediated. Rats received intragastric
      pretreatment: i) saline, ii) sucralfate, and iii) indomethacin-sucralfate. One
      hour later gastric contents were obtained for measurements of prostaglandin E2
      and 2 ml of 100% ethanol were instilled. Rats were sacrificed 1 h later. The
      gastric mucosa was assessed: a) macroscopically by planimetry, b) by quantitative
      histology, and c) by measurements of gastric volume, pH and sodium. We found that
      sucralfate significantly increased gastric luminal release of prostaglandin E2.
      The increase was completely abolished by indomethacin pretreatment. Sucralfate
      protected the gastric mucosa against ethanol injury reducing macroscopic and
      histologic necrosis. Indomethacin (prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor) given 2 h
      prior to sucralfate markedly abolished its protective action against ethanol
      induced necrosis by 70%. These findings indicate that prostaglandins mediate some
      of the protective action of sucralfate. Sucralfate appears to have additional
      protective action which is prostaglandin independent.

PMID- 6599543
TI  - Inhibition of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD) activity in the
      granulosa cells of mouse ovarian follicles by follicular fluid peptide.
AB  - A protein fraction (GF2) was purified from sheep ovarian follicular fluid. Its
      action on 3 beta-HSD activity in the mouse granulosa cells was measured in an in
      vitro system. The fraction (GF2) caused dose-dependent depletion of the 3 beta
      HSD activity in granulosa cells and progesterone in the spent medium. A maximum
      inhibition of the activity was achieved after 30 min incubation of the granulosa
      cells with the GF2 fraction. Further purified HPLC fraction (Fr1) also inhibited
      3 beta-HSD activity. In vivo administration of the GF2 fraction in normal cycling
      female mice also decreased the 3 beta-HSD activity in the granulosa cells of the
      ovarian follicles and plasma progesterone levels indicating the GF2 fraction to
      be a 3 beta-HSD inhibitor.

PMID- 6599544
TI  - Cumulative effect of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) injections on electroencephalographic
      activity in male monkeys (Macaca mulatta).
AB  - Bipolar stainless steel electrodes were stereotaxically implanted in hypothalamic
      and cerebral cortical regions of 24 adult male gonadally intact monkeys.
      Electrical activity of these regions was recorded before and after the first,
      second, third, thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth day of intravenous (I. V.)
      injection of PGE2 (400 mikrogramm/kg body weight). The inferences drawn from the
      EEG record were: (i), the immediate response was a tendency towards spindle
      formation (ii), high voltage spindles appeared at regular intervals in all sites
      i.e., preoptic area, posterior hypothalamus, ventromedial nucleus and cerebral
      cortex (iii), the changes observed. in EEG were progressive with time and
      transitional with respect to various regions of the brain (iv), these changes
      were synchronized whenever and wherever they were present, but the generalized
      showing in the form of overall inhibition could never be seen (v), the dose
      showed a cumulative effect after repeated daily injections of PGE2.

PMID- 6599545
TI  - Mandibular deficiency.

PMID- 6599546
TI  - Articulator mounting and adjustments.

PMID- 6599547
TI  - Practice management--the future, now!

PMID- 6599548
TI  - Cephalometric evaluation of the dentofacial complex of Thai adults.

PMID- 6599549
TI  - [A comparative study of apical microleakage of various retrograde technics].

PMID- 6599550
TI  - [Anterior crossbite correction in the primary dentition using stainless steel
      crowns].

PMID- 6599552
TI  - [The periodontium and orthodontics in the growing patient].

PMID- 6599553
TI  - [French Society of Orthodontics. 57th annual congress. Lisbon, 10-13 May 1984].

PMID- 6599551
TI  - [The permanent canine in orthodontics].

PMID- 6599554
TI  - [The mouth as an instrument of song and word. The sorcery of love].

PMID- 6599555
TI  - [The permanent canine tooth in orthodontics].

PMID- 6599556
TI  - [Movement of impacted canines in a case of partial edentulousness].

PMID- 6599557
TI  - [Agenesis of the lateral maxillary incisors. Finishing of the cases].

PMID- 6599558
TI  - [Class II,2 syndrome: analysis and treatment].

PMID- 6599559
TI  - [Indications and limits on the choice of extraction of l4-24 and 35-45 in
      treating Angle class-II malocclusion by a Tweed-Merrifield analysis of the total
      space].

PMID- 6599560
TI  - [Mechanics of the mesial movement of teeth in the posterior mandibular segment
      for treating class II by extraction of l4-24 and 35-45 in Tweed's technic].

PMID- 6599561
TI  - [The reciprocal mask in the treatment of class II dysmorphism (function and
      biomechanics)].

PMID- 6599562
TI  - [Orthopedics and/or orthodontics].

PMID- 6599563
TI  - [The monoblock: a stage in the therapy of cl. II].

PMID- 6599564
TI  - [Orthopedics and/or orthodontics].

PMID- 6599565
TI  - [Morphological balance and its therapeutic inferences].

PMID- 6599566
TI  - [Functional balance: the objective and its realization].

PMID- 6599567
TI  - [French Society of Orthodontics. 2d annual session. 19-20 November 1984, Paris].

PMID- 6599568
TI  - [The periodontium and orthodontics in the growing patient].

PMID- 6599569
TI  - [The place of orthodontic treatment in the therapeutic management of lingual
      angiomas in children].

PMID- 6599570
TI  - [Apraxic Robin syndrome. The place of postural nursing in its treatment].

PMID- 6599571
TI  - [Visualization of mandibular deformation under static constraints by model
      simulation. Inferences on its mechanical properties].

PMID- 6599572
TI  - [Morphometric and 3-dimensional changes in the dental arch in treated and
      untreated cases].

PMID- 6599573
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic study of a new product for conditioning the enamel
      surface].

PMID- 6599574
TI  - [Orthodontic and surgical correction of the long face with open bite].

PMID- 6599575
TI  - [A class III population studied by using Ricketts' analytical elements].

PMID- 6599576
TI  - [Cephalometric approach to the ideal balance between the nasal point and the
      chin].

PMID- 6599577
TI  - [Studies on the serum levels of a carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) in patients
      with ovarian cancer].

PMID- 6599578
TI  - [Fundamental studies using CT in the oral region].

PMID- 6599579
TI  - [Fracture toughness of posterior composite resin restorative materials].

PMID- 6599580
TI  - [Medico-legal studies on natural teeth and artificial teeth, especially after
      ultraviolet radiation].

PMID- 6599581
TI  - [Effective teaching of proper tooth preparation using a newly-developed
      parallelometer].

PMID- 6599582
TI  - [A compositional study of orthodontic patients in Kanagawa Dental College (1973
      1982)].

PMID- 6599583
TI  - [Dento-facial growth changes in unilateral cleft lip and cleft palate patients].

PMID- 6599584
TI  - [A clinical evaluation of denticles].

PMID- 6599585
TI  - [10 cases of a 2-rooted permanent mandibular canine with special reference to the
      identical malformation that appeared in the past].

PMID- 6599587
TI  - [The effect of pulse current on electroforming].

PMID- 6599586
TI  - [Androgen receptors in the rat submandibular salivary gland. Release of
      dihydrotestosterone (DHT) binding protein from androgen binding protein in the
      cytosol].

PMID- 6599588
TI  - [Inhibition of reactive hyperemia by kallikrein inhibitors in canine oral
      tissue].

PMID- 6599589
TI  - [Variations in bone structure and vibration characteristics].

PMID- 6599590
TI  - [Morphological studies of mast cells in the rat submandibular gland with special
      reference to the effect of estrogen and androgen hormones].

PMID- 6599591
TI  - [A biochemical study of tooth germs. Intermolecular cross-linkage and non
      collagenous proteins].

PMID- 6599592
TI  - [Experimental study of vascular reorganization under the inner gingival
      epithelium using corrosive resin casts].

PMID- 6599593
TI  - [Mechanical properties of posterior composite resins in relation to marginal
      fracture in restorations].

PMID- 6599594
TI  - [The effect of differences in dispensing powders and liquids on the properties of
      various luting cements].

PMID- 6599595
TI  - Differential diagnosis and pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa.
AB  - Anorexia nervosa is a disease of increasing frequency with serious medical and
      psychological consequences. The presentation is one of significant weight loss.
      The initial assessment of such a patient must differentiate between an underlying
      systemic medical illness and an eating disorder. This paper will review the more
      common medical conditions causing weight loss and their distinguishing
      characteristics, including malignancy, inflammatory bowel disease, infections and
      metabolic disorders. Once an organic disease is ruled out, anorexia nervosa must
      then be differentiated from other eating disorders such as bulimia or other
      psychological diseases such as depression, schizophrenia, drug abuse, conduct
      disorders, and anxiety reactions. The pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa includes
      complex societal, family, and individual factors which require evaluation in the
      treatment process.

PMID- 6599596
TI  - Family dynamics and treatment of anorexia nervosa and bulimia.
AB  - This paper describes the nature of the family involvement typically observed in
      anorexia nervosa and bulimia and the role of family therapy in a comprehensive
      treatment approach. Both the patterns of family interaction observed by
      clinicians and researchers and the varieties of family treatment used to address
      these disorders are described. The different types of relationships observed
      between the eating-disordered patient and the family are also described.

PMID- 6599597
TI  - [Eye pathology in chronic renal failure].

PMID- 6599598
TI  - Myelotomy and percutaneous cervical cordotomy for the treatment of cancer pain.

PMID- 6599599
TI  - [Staining a composite resin after polishing with 5 different polishing kits: a
      comparative study].

PMID- 6599600
TI  - [The evaluation of success and failure in root canal treatment].

PMID- 6599602
TI  - Dental schools try to rescue sinking applicant pool.

PMID- 6599603
TI  - Associateships: alternative to solo practice.

PMID- 6599605
TI  - [The place of orthodontics in the management of the interdisciplinary treatment
      of adults].

PMID- 6599601
TI  - Relative efficacy of melatonin and 5-methoxytryptamine in terms of their
      antigonadotrophic and counterantigonadotrophic actions in male Syrian hamsters.
AB  - Antigonadotrophic and counterantigonadotrophic activities of melatonin and 5
      methoxytryptamine (5-MT) were quantitatively compared in male Syrian hamsters. In
      long day conditions, the daily afternoon administration of either 5, 15, 25, 50,
      100 or 200 micrograms melatonin induced testicular regression within 10 wk; under
      the same circumstances, only the 200-microgram dosage of 5-MT was able to
      suppress testicular weights. Thus, 5-MT appears to have about one-tenth the
      antigonadotrophic action of melatonin in the male Syrian hamster. In short days,
      the subcutaneous implantation of either 50 or 100 micrograms melatonin (every 2
      wk in beeswax) prevented testicular regression whereas it required much larger
      doses of 5-MT (1 mg every 2 wk in beeswax) to achieve the same
      counterantigonadotrophic action. In terms of both their antigonadotrophic and
      counterantigonadotrophic effects, hamsters seem to be more sensitive to melatonin
      than to 5-MT.

PMID- 6599606
TI  - [Interception in malocclusion].

PMID- 6599607
TI  - [Modification of the soft tissue profile in edgewise therapy].

PMID- 6599604
TI  - [What can one think today of the problem of evolution?].

PMID- 6599608
TI  - [Is incisive ingress possible in Begg's technic following avulsion of 6-year-old
      teeth?].

PMID- 6599609
TI  - [Mechanics of Class II intermaxillary elastics: impact on lower molar
      displacement].

PMID- 6599610
TI  - [Introduction to the biomechanical study of the facial mask and its accessories].

PMID- 6599611
TI  - [History of a bilateral labiomaxillary cleft. The long course of hopes and
      disillusions].

PMID- 6599612
TI  - [Formation of the rat palate in the embryonal and fetal periods].

PMID- 6599613
TI  - [New method of evaluating jaw dimension and position].

PMID- 6599614
TI  - [Isolated delayed eruption: management].

PMID- 6599615
TI  - [Treatment of cleft lip and/or palate before the age of orthodontics].

PMID- 6599616
TI  - [Treatment of labial and/or palatal cleft before the age of orthodontics].

PMID- 6599617
TI  - [Treatment of labial and/or palatal clefts before the age of orthodontics].

PMID- 6599618
TI  - [Our guiding concepts in the treatment of congenital labio-maxillo-palatal
      clefts].

PMID- 6599619
TI  - [Primary repair in the therapeutic philosophy of clefts].

PMID- 6599620
TI  - [The treatment of labial and palatal clefts in accordance with the Viennese
      concept].

PMID- 6599621
TI  - [The concept of global treatment of labiopalatine clefts before the age of
      orthodontics].

PMID- 6599622
TI  - [Presentation of the question introduced for discussion: history of the maxilla.
      Can current orthodontic therapies mitigate maxillary growth deficiencies?].

PMID- 6599623
TI  - [Analytical study of structural and architectural variations of the face in 200
      cases of class II angle division 1 using the Coben analysis].

PMID- 6599624
TI  - [Multidimensional analysis of the morphological relations between the inter
      incisive angle and the maxillofacial structures].

PMID- 6599625
TI  - [Teleradiography and radiothermoluminescent dosimetry of the facial profile of a
      phantom].

PMID- 6599626
TI  - [The suspension system of the mandible: biomechanical approach].

PMID- 6599627
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of an antiseptic and local anesthetic
      solution, in postoperative periodontal surgery].

PMID- 6599628
TI  - Tuberculous submandibular lymphadenitis.

PMID- 6599629
TI  - Submandibular salivary calculus.

PMID- 6599630
TI  - [Effects of glazing temperature on surface texture of porcelain].

PMID- 6599631
TI  - [Identification of criminals, using an elastic material].

PMID- 6599632
TI  - [Prevalence of gingivitis in 7-12-year-old school children, in relation to age,
      sex and economic status].

PMID- 6599633
TI  - [Thermoluminescence of teeth].

PMID- 6599635
TI  - Surface structure of the rat parotid gland acini study with S.E.M. and T.E.M.

PMID- 6599634
TI  - [Electrochromatographic behavior of ferrous, ferric, ferrocyanic and ferricyanic
      ions].

PMID- 6599636
TI  - The prophylactic lithium treatment in affective disorders and the possibilities
      of the outcome prediction.

PMID- 6599637
TI  - Reactivity to the electric shocks and motor depression as a consequence of
      inescapable shocking: the effect of acute bromocriptine treatment.

PMID- 6599638
TI  - Radioisotopic evaluation of regional lung functions in clinical practice.

PMID- 6599639
TI  - [Management of pregnant women with suspicious cytological findings].

PMID- 6599640
TI  - Subclasses IgG1-IgG4 in serum in ankylosing spondylitis.

PMID- 6599641
TI  - The effect of chronic exposure to 20 mg. per cubic meter NOx on the hormonal and
      enzymatic changes in rats.

PMID- 6599642
TI  - The proximal finishing of posterior composite restorations.

PMID- 6599643
TI  - The stepback method of canal preparation.

PMID- 6599645
TI  - Caries susceptibility of first permanent molars in 1808 schoolchildren aged 7-12
      years.

PMID- 6599644
TI  - Caries experience in 12-year-old schoolchildren in an urban fluoridated area.

PMID- 6599646
TI  - Fractures of the zygomatic-malar complex: a retrospective analysis of 76 cases.

PMID- 6599647
TI  - [Relative frequency of benign and malignant tumors of the oral cavity, in a group
      of Venezuelan children].

PMID- 6599648
TI  - [Control and supervision of the practice of health professions].

PMID- 6599649
TI  - [Mandibular hypomobility].

PMID- 6599650
TI  - [Interaction between various trace elements (II)].

PMID- 6599651
TI  - [Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and of the oral cavity].

PMID- 6599652
TI  - [Clinico-diagnostic problems in oro-cutaneous amyloidosis].

PMID- 6599653
TI  - [Immunological considerations in periapical lesions].

PMID- 6599654
TI  - [Josamycin in dentistry: clinical results].

PMID- 6599655
TI  - [Naturopathy in dental practice].

PMID- 6599656
TI  - Proceedings of the 10th scientific meeting of the International Society of
      Hypertension. 17-21 June 1984, Interlaken, Switzerland.

PMID- 6599657
TI  - Estimation of 'total' renal, cardiac and splanchnic sympathetic nervous tone in
      essential hypertension from measurements of noradrenaline release.
AB  - The overall rate of release of noradrenaline to plasma was increased in 31
      patients with essential hypertension; the median value was 32% (526 pmol/min)
      higher than in 22 subjects with normal blood pressure. To ascertain the pattern
      of sympathetic nervous system activation underlying this abnormality, regional
      sympathetic nervous activity was estimated, from radiotracer-derived estimates of
      organ-specific noradrenaline release to plasma, in the kidneys, heart and
      hepatomesenteric circulation. Renal sympathetic nervous tone was preferentially
      increased in essential hypertension, especially in young patients with
      hypersecretion of renin. Cardiac noradrenaline release (and possibly cardiac
      sympathetic tone) was also higher in hypertensive patients; the difficulty in
      interpretation here arises because left ventricular mass is also increased in
      essential hypertension. Approximately half of the surfeit in total noradrenaline
      release to plasma noted in hypertensive patients was accounted for by the
      increased cardio-renal noradrenaline release. The balance comes from undetermined
      sites, but not from the splanchnic circulation, in which sympathetic nervous
      activity was not increased.

PMID- 6599658
TI  - The adrenal synthesis and tissue content of dopamine increase when the blood
      pressure rises in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
AB  - Hypertensive (eight-week-old) but not normotensive (four-week-old) spontaneously
      hypertensive rats (SHR) have a higher adrenal dopamine (DA) synthesis and
      release, DA concentration in adrenals and kidney and urinary excretion of DA,
      dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and methoxytyramine than control WKY rats. At age 14
      weeks, with progressive hypertension, the heart atria and ventricle DA content
      also increases. These abnormalities remain unaccompanied by changes in
      norepinephrine and epinephrine. Increased DA release, tissue content and urinary
      excretion of DA and its metabolites are thus selectively involved in the sequence
      of events leading to hypertension in SHR.

PMID- 6599659
TI  - Alterations in plasma noradrenaline in response to reflex modulation of
      sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone to skeletal muscles.
AB  - In man, stimulation and deactivation of carotid baroreceptors are accompanied by
      sympathetically-induced reduction and increase in total peripheral resistance,
      but not by alterations in plasma noradrenaline. This has been explained by the
      inability of arterial baroreflexes to sustainedly modulate sympathetic tone to
      skeletal muscle vessels on which plasma noradrenaline has been assumed largely to
      depend. In the present study nine subjects were submitted to procedures that
      cause a sustained alteration in muscle sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone, i.e.
      deactivation and stimulation of cardiopulmonary receptors. Cardiopulmonary
      receptor deactivation was achieved by a 20-min reduction in central venous
      pressure via application of subatmospheric pressure to the lower body, and the
      cardiopulmonary receptor stimulation by a 20-min increase in central venous
      pressure via passive leg raising. Plasma noradrenaline was measured
      radioenzymatically on blood sampled from an antecubital vein or the right atrium
      before, and at the 2nd, 5th, 10th and 20th min of each manoeuvre. The
      noradrenaline measurements were coupled with measurements of arterial blood
      pressure, heart rate and forearm blood flow and resistance (plethysmographic
      method). During reduction and increase in central venous pressure, blood pressure
      and heart rate did not change, whereas forearm vascular resistance markedly rose
      and fell with a peak response at 5 min and a subsequent plateau. These changes
      were accompanied by a marked rise and fall in plasma noradrenaline which also
      peaked within 5 min and were then sustained. Changes in forearm vascular
      resistance and noradrenaline showed a close qualitative parallelism, each
      increase in the former being accompanied by an increase in the latter, and vice
      versa.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6599660
TI  - Increased plasma noradrenaline during adrenaline infusion in man.
AB  - Arterial and venous plasma noradrenaline in recumbent mild hypertensives, and in
      normotensives with one adrenal gland, increased significantly during infusion of
      adrenaline to achieve levels similar to those seen during mental arithmetic
      stress. Although decreased noradrenaline clearance has not been excluded as an
      explanation of increased plasma levels, these results are consistent with the
      hypothesis that physiological concentrations of adrenaline are capable of
      facilitating noradrenaline release in man.

PMID- 6599661
TI  - Effects of changes in physical activity on blood pressure and sympathetic tone.
AB  - We investigated the relationship between the level of physical activity and blood
      pressure (BP). Twelve sedentary normotensive subjects were studied after
      consecutive one-month periods at four different levels of daily activity. These
      were minimal activity; usual sedentary activities; exercise three times weekly
      for 45 min at 60-70% maximum capacity (Wmax) on a bicycle ergometer and similar
      exercise performed daily. The order of the various levels of physical activity
      were randomised according to a Latin square. As expected there was a progressive
      increase in Wmax, maximum oxygen consumption and fall in resting and exercise
      heart rate with increasing activity. Supine blood pressure averaged 133/69 mmHg
      at the end of the sedentary period and fell by 10/8 mmHg after one month of
      exercise three times weekly and 12/8 mmHg after daily exercise (both P less than
      0.001). The fall in resting BP with increased activity was due to lowering of
      total peripheral resistance. These haemodynamic changes were associated with
      biochemical evidence of marked reduction in overall sympathetic tone in 10/12
      subjects especially after the period of daily exercise. Increased physical
      activity for one month lowers blood pressure in normotensive subjects. The fall
      with daily exercise is similar to that after some centrally-acting
      antihypertensive drugs, and may be due to a reduction in sympathetic nervous
      activity.

PMID- 6599662
TI  - Three distinct subtypes of serotonergic receptors mediate the triphasic blood
      pressure response to serotonin in rats.
AB  - In pentobarbitone- or urethane-anaesthetized normotensive rats the triphasic
      pressure response to serotonin (5-HT): a short-lasting depressor phase with an
      intense bradycardia, a pressor phase and a prolonged hypotension, was
      investigated. The highly selective 5-HTM antagonist ICS 205-930 (1 microgram/kg)
      inhibited the first but not the second or third phase. The 5-HT2 antagonist
      ketanserin (0.1 mg/kg) inhibited the second but not the first or third phase.
      Following selective blockade of the pressor component with ketanserin (0.1
      mg/kg), the hypotensive potency of eight serotonin receptor agonists was
      quantified (-log ED50). A correlation (r = 0.75, P less than 0.05) was observed
      between this parameter and the displacement of the 5-HT1 ligand [3H]-5-HT. It is
      suggested that the three phases are due to 5-HTM-, 5-HT2- and 5-HT1-receptor
      activation, respectively.

PMID- 6599663
TI  - Chromogranin A: implications for hypertension.
AB  - Chromogranin A, the major soluble protein costored and coreleased by exocytosis
      with catecholamines, has been purified to homogeneity from both bovine
      adrenomedullary and human phaeochromocytoma chromaffin granules. Each is an
      acidic monomeric protein. Radio-immunoassays have been established for both
      bovine and human chromogranin A; the assays detect chromogranin immunoreactivity
      in adrenergic tissues and subcellular fractions, as well as in serum or plasma.
      In human plasma, chromogranin immunoreactivity is moderately elevated (mean, 1.5
      fold) in essential hypertension, and substantially elevated (mean, 12.5-fold) in
      subjects with phaeochromocytoma. Initial physiological and pharmacological
      studies suggest that plasma chromogranin A varies with the state of endogenous
      exocytotic sympathoadrenal activity, but the plasma chromogranin changes are
      modest and the ultimate source of the plasma immunoreactivity (e.g.
      adrenomedullary versus sympathetic neuronal) has not yet been determined.

PMID- 6599664
TI  - Psychological effects of hypertension labelling during a community survey. A two
      year follow-up.
AB  - The possibility that subjects examined during a population screening programme
      may develop psychological disturbances as a consequence of being labelled as
      hypertensives has been investigated. The Symptom Rating Test (SRT) for the
      assessment of neurotic symptoms was completed by 210 screenees. Aware
      hypertensives were excluded from the study. It was subsequently found that 81
      subjects had raised BP (systolic greater than or equal to 160 or diastolic
      greater than or equal to 95 mmHg; group 1), and 129 subjects were 'normotensive'
      (group 2). The total SRT score was significantly higher in group 2 than in group
      1. After screening, all subjects were returned to their GPs, and 82% of them were
      re-examined 2 years later. SRT scores were significantly lower than the initial
      ones in both groups. At re-examination 35% of 'hypertensives', were found to have
      'normal' BP values. The SRT scores of these falsely-labelled subjects were
      similar to those of the subjects found still to be hypertensive. These findings
      suggest that subjects with raised BP at screening have lower neuroticism scores
      than normotensives. More importantly still, hypertension labelling, whether
      'true' or 'false', does not have any negative long-term psychological
      consequences.

PMID- 6599665
TI  - Effect of dietary change on the return of hypertension after withdrawal of
      prolonged antihypertensive therapy (DISH). Dietary Intervention Study of
      Hypertension.
AB  - The possibility exists that dietary modification may increase the number of
      patients who remain normotensive after drug withdrawal. In an effort to resolve
      this question, former Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Stepped Care
      participants (n = 496) were randomized into four major groups at the end of the
      programme (greater than 5 years antihypertensive therapy): controls (continue
      medication); discontinue medication, no dietary intervention; discontinue
      medication and weight loss; discontinue medication and reduce sodium. Groups 1, 2
      and 4 were further divided into obese (greater than or equal to 120% ideal
      weight, and non-obese groups). The weight reduction group (greater than or equal
      to 120% ideal weight) lost 10.1 +/- 11 lbs without changing dietary sodium (n =
      87). The sodium restriction group reduced urine sodium excretion from 145 to 97
      mEq per day (n = 169). Sixty per cent of the weight loss group were normotensive
      at 56 weeks compared to 35% withdrawn from medication without dietary
      intervention. The highest 56 weeks success rates were in the mild non-overweight
      hypertensives on sodium restriction (78%), and the mild overweight hypertensives
      on weight reduction (72%). Randomization to either weight loss group or sodium
      restriction group increased the likelihood of remaining off drugs (adjusted odds
      ratio of 3.43 for the weight group and 2.17 for the sodium group (P less than
      0.05). Age, severe hypertension greater than 5 years previous to entry into
      Dietary Intervention Study of Hypertension (DISH) or need for several drugs
      increased the chance of failure.

PMID- 6599666
TI  - Characteristics of resistance vessels in pre-eclampsia and normotensive
      pregnancy.
AB  - Isolated omental resistance vessels from women with pre-eclampsia had an
      increased media thickness/lumen diameter ratio compared to similar vessels from
      normotensive pregnant women. The active and passive tension length curves for the
      two groups of vessels were similar and like the classical tension length curve
      for skeletal muscles. The maximal media stress (force per media cross-section)
      was also similar; however, calculating in terms of equivalent pressure (on basis
      of Laplaces law) indicated that the vessels in vivo would have been able to
      contract against an increased blood pressure. The results indicate that pre
      eclampsia is associated with structural alterations of the resistance vessels
      which might be of importance for the haemodynamics of pre-eclampsia.

PMID- 6599667
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of phaeochromocytoma with 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine.
AB  - 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy was performed in 30 patients with
      biochemically proven catecholamine excess. In all but two patients scintigraphy
      localised the lesion(s) correctly. In high concentrations the same
      radiopharmaceutical agent was used for treatment of 3 patients with a malignant
      multilocular and one patient with an intra-adrenal unilocular phaeochromocytoma.
      The results confirm that 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine is suitable for
      scintigraphic imaging of intra-adrenal and extra-adrenal phaeochromocytomas, both
      benign and malignant, as well as for treatment of malignant phaeochromocytoma.

PMID- 6599668
TI  - Alcohol consumption, blood pressure and stroke mortality in Japan.
AB  - The relationship between the national blood pressure level of an over 10,000
      member representative sample of the population and alcohol consumption, using the
      time-series data during the period 1956-1980 was analysed. Analysis by multiple
      regression analysis showed alcohol consumption to be significantly related to the
      mean systolic blood pressure level for men independent of the treatment rate of
      hypertension, obesity, salt consumption and smoking rate. The relationship
      between alcohol consumption and stroke mortality using the age-adjusted stroke
      mortality for the middle-aged and alcohol consumption by prefecture (an
      administrative district of a province in Japan), in 1975 was also investigated.
      Stroke mortality for middle-aged men was highly significantly related, that for
      women was borderline but still significantly related, and the male:female ratio
      of the age-adjusted stroke mortality was also highly significantly related to
      alcohol intake. Thus, alcohol intake may play a role in increasing blood pressure
      levels and precipitate stroke, although it is possible that other confounding
      factors related to alcohol drinking may be related to blood pressure and also to
      stroke mortality.

PMID- 6599669
TI  - Hypertension and mortality in diabetic and non-diabetic Finnish men.
AB  - Association of hypertension with six-year total and cardiovascular disease (CVD)
      mortality was studied among 139 diabetic and 8725 non-diabetic Finnish men aged
      40-64 years who were initially CVD-free. Twenty-three diabetic men and 608 non
      diabetic men died during the follow-up. A hypertensive group (systolic blood
      pressure greater than or equal to 160 and diastolic blood pressure greater than
      or equal to 95 mmHg or drug treatment) and a normotensive group were formed on
      the basis of initial data. In comparison to normotensive non-diabetics the age
      adjusted relative risk of death was 1.93 in hypertensive non-diabetics and 2.99
      in hypertensive diabetics. Corresponding relative risks for CVD death were 2.62
      and 4.69. A comparison of hypertensive non-diabetics to normotensive non
      diabetics and hypertensive diabetics to normotensive diabetics suggested that
      hypertension has at least the same strength as a risk factor for CVD death in
      diabetics as in non-diabetics.

PMID- 6599670
TI  - Towards Nigeria's first National Blood Pressure Survey: a pilot study of arterial
      blood pressure in members of the National Youth Service Corps.
AB  - The need for a National Blood Pressure (BP) Survey in Nigeria prompted this pilot
      study. It was aimed at a target population of 50,000 Nigerians on National
      Service representing the 19 States of Nigeria. Five-hundred-and-eighty-five
      subjects aged 18-54 years (18.3% of study population [465 male (79.5%) and 120
      female (20.5%)] from a population of 3,200 Corps members had their BP measured
      with a mercury sphygmomanometer in August 1982. Of these, 102 subjects (17.4%)
      and 47 subjects (8.0%) had BO greater than or equal to 140/90 and greater than or
      equal to 160/95 mmHg respectively. Only 17 subjects (16.7%) came back for a
      recheck and 14 (13.7%) remained hypertensive. More males had BP greater than or
      equal to 140/90 (P less than 0.05). There was a rise in BP with age in both sexes
      but mean systolic and diastolic BP were higher in males in all age groups. With a
      prevalence of 8.0% of hypertension and the chosen target population, a National
      BP survey would be a feasible and cost effective programme for Nigeria.

PMID- 6599671
TI  - Common cellular disposition to hypertension and atherosclerosis.
AB  - The genetically hypertensive rat models, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)
      and especially stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP), both develop arterial fat deposits
      quickly when fed high cholesterol diets. Therefore the morphological and
      functional characteristics of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) from
      the aorta of SHR, SHRSP and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats have been
      compared in order to demonstrate the common cellular mechanisms which induce
      hypertension and atherosclerosis. Cultured SMC became differentiated after short
      term foetal calf serum exclusion from the medium, and despite the general concept
      of their noncontractility there was opticometric evidence that subcultured SMC
      contract spontaneously. Smooth muscle cells from SHR, but especially from SHRSP,
      showed enhanced proliferation which was inhibited by a Ca-antagonist, and
      accelerated lipid incorporation. It is concluded that these SMC are primarily
      predisposed to hypertension as well as to atherosclerosis.

PMID- 6599672
TI  - How hypertension redevelops after cessation of long-term therapy.
AB  - Long-term therapy (1.5-27 years, average 7.5 years) was ceased in 11 patients
      with essential hypertension. The return of supine hypertension during the ensuing
      10 weeks was slow and incomplete, contrasting with previous studies when blood
      pressure (BP) had been lowered for shorter periods. After prolonged therapy in
      these patients, non-autonomic total peripheral resistance index (TPRI) was near
      normal, but left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was still high in six of the 11
      patients. The latter was directly related to duration of effective treatment of
      BP and to BP when therapy was stopped. These findings may indicate that with
      antihypertensive therapy, structural changes in the peripheral vasculature
      regress more quickly than cardiac hypertrophy.

PMID- 6599673
TI  - Primary aldosteronism is comprised of primary adrenal hyperplasia and adenoma.
AB  - Primary aldosteronism due to primary adrenal hyperplasia (PAH) is described.
      Hypertension, hypokalaemia, hyperaldosteronism and renin suppression were
      corrected by unilateral adrenalectomy in 3/5 patients and by spironolactone
      treatment in 2/5. Blood pressure and hormonal parameters have remained normal for
      up to seven years after surgery and spironolactone management. Four patients had
      bilateral micro- and macronodular hyperplasia and one had unilateral hyperplasia.
      While hormonally and biochemically identical to patients with aldosterone
      producing adenoma, PAH can be distinguished from idiopathic hyperaldosteronism
      (adrenal hyperplasia). The inability to demonstrate a tumour by computed
      tomography but the presence of bilateral elevations of aldosterone concentration
      in adrenal venous blood identifies PAH.

PMID- 6599674
TI  - Cardiovascular effects of intracerebroventricular injection of vasopressin in
      unanaesthetized normotensive and DOCA-salt hypertensive rats.
AB  - The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) responses to
      intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in
      unanaesthetized normotensive control and DOCA-salt hypertensive rats were
      studied. Intracerebroventricular administration of AVP (0.25-1000 ng) to control
      rats produced dose-dependent long-lasting increases in MAP (5-45 mmHg) and HR (35
      110 beats/min). Peripheral treatment of rats with an antipressor AVP antagonist
      had no effect on i.c.v. AVP-induced increases in MAP and HR, whereas the
      responses were blocked by i.c.v. administration of the antagonist. Peripheral
      administration of phentolamine and propranolol also completely blocked the
      changes in MAP and HR. DOCA-salt hypertensive rats showed significantly greater
      increases in MAP and HR in response to i.c.v. AVP and a tenfold lower threshold
      for stimulation. The results demonstrate that AVP acting on central neural
      structures can produce increases in MAP and HR by stimulating sympathetic
      outflow. Increased sensitivity and responsiveness to i.c.v. AVP in hypertensive
      rats suggest a potential mechanism of action of AVP in hypertension.

PMID- 6599675
TI  - Dietary sodium intake and vasopressin excretion in man.
AB  - The present study was undertaken to examine the possible relationship between
      dietary sodium intake and arginine vasopressin (AVP). In 12 normotensive men
      (aged 23-26 years) urinary AVP excretion decreased from 6.7 +/- 1.0 to 3.9 +/-
      0.3 ng/h (P less than 0.01) when sodium excretion by dietary intervention for one
      week was reduced from 188 +/- 18 to 16 +/- 2 mmol/24 h. At a high sodium intake
      (300 mmol/day), AVP excretion increased to 10.0 +/- 1.2 ng/h during the first day
      (P less than 0.01) and remained high throughout one week of sodium load. These
      results are compatible with a major physiological role of sodium in AVP secretion
      in man. A sodium-AVP relationship may play a role in the pathogenesis of
      essential hypertension since recent reports suggest elevated plasma AVP in
      essential hypertensive states.

PMID- 6599676
TI  - Contribution of vascular and tubular effects of arginine-vasopressin to the
      development of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension in rats.
AB  - The role of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) in the pathogenesis of deoxycorticosterone
      acetate (DOCA) salt hypertension in rats was studied with AVP receptor
      antagonists for its tubular (V2) and/or vascular (V1) actions. When chronic (six
      weeks) infusion of the antagonists was started concomitantly with DOCA-salt
      treatment the development of hypertension was attenuated by the V1-antagonist and
      prevented by the V1V2-antagonist. However, the V1V2-antagonist induced severe and
      persistent hypernatraemia in all rats. When chronic (two weeks) infusion of the
      antagonists was started in rats with established hypertension after five weeks of
      DOCA-salt treatment blood pressure was not influenced by the V1-antagonist. The
      rats which received the V1V2-antagonist died from hypernatraemia within four
      days. These results suggest that in DOCA-salt treated rats AVP is essential for
      the prevention of severe and life-threatening hypernatraemia. AVP appears to
      contribute significantly to the development of this form of hypertension through
      both its vascular and tubular effects.

PMID- 6599677
TI  - Long-term influence of vasopressin on the control of arterial blood pressure
      independent of volume changes.
AB  - Studies were performed to ascertain the extent to which arterial blood pressure,
      and fluid and electrolyte changes seen with chronic elevations of plasma
      vasopressin (AVP) were caused by volume expansion or some other more direct
      cardiovascular or neural interactions of AVP. Group 1 (n = 7) dogs were infused
      with AVP (0.36 ng/kg/min) while total body weight and volume were maintained at a
      constant level by the use of an electronically controlled servocontrol system.
      Dogs in Group 2 (n = 6) were permitted to drink ad libitum during AVP infusion.
      Group 3 (n = 6) dogs were maintained with a constant level of H2O intake by
      intravenous infusion during two weeks AVP administration. The results indicate
      that chronic elevation of plasma AVP resulted in a prolonged elevation of
      arterial pressure only when there was a large expansion of total body water. Dogs
      with total body volume servocontrolled to a constant level (Group 1) and those
      with a moderate increase in volume (Group 2) exhibited no measureable change in
      mean arterial pressure during AVP infusion. Dogs with Fixed H2O intake (Group 3)
      retained a large fluid volume. They exhibited renal escape from AVP and large
      decreases of plasma osmolality, sodium concentration and plasma renin activity.
      With as libitum drinking (Group 2), only mild volume expansion occurred which
      resulted in a partial escape from the volume-retaining effects and smaller
      decreases of plasma osmolality and sodium. When total body weight and volume were
      servocontrolled to a constant level, no renal escape occurred and hype
      osmolality, hyponatraemia and hyporeninaemia were not observed (Group
      1).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6599679
TI  - Angiotensin II natriuresis and anti-natriuresis: role of renal artery pressure in
      anaesthetized dogs.
AB  - The aim of this study was to determine the role of changes in renal artery
      pressure (RAP), renal haemodynamics, and tubular reabsorption in mediating the
      natriuretic and anti-natriuretic actions of angiotensin II (ANG II). In
      anaesthetized dogs, endogenous ANG II formation was blocked with SQ-14225 and ANG
      II was infused intravenously at rates of 5-1215 ng/kg/min while RAP was either
      servo-controlled at the normal level or permitted to increase. When RAP was servo
      controlled to prevent a rise in RAP, ANG II infusion at all rates from 5-1215
      ng/kg/min decreased urinary sodium excretion (INaV) and fractional sodium
      excretion (FENa), while increasing fractional reabsorption of lithium (FRLi), an
      index of proximal tubule fractional sodium reabsorption (FRDNa). When RAP was
      permitted to increase, ANG II infusion rates up to 45 ng/kg/min decreased UNaV,
      and FENam while increasing FRLi and FRDNa greater than However, at 135 ng/kg/min
      and above UNaV and FENE increased while FRLi and FRDNa decreased when RAP was
      allowed to rise, even though renal blood flow and filtration fraction were not
      substantially different from the values observed when RAP was servo-controlled.
      Filtered sodium load was slightly higher when RAP was permitted to increase
      during ANG II infusion, compared to the dogs in which RAP was servo-controlled,
      although the differences were not statistically significant. Thus, even very
      large doses of ANG II cause anti-natriuresis when RAP is prevented from
      increasing. The natriuretic effect of high doses of ANG II is caused by increased
      RAP which decreases fractional sodium reabsorption in proximal and distal tubules
      and causes slight increase in sodium delivery to the tubules.

PMID- 6599678
TI  - Long-term changes in plasma protein concentration have marked effects on arterial
      pressure and renal function.
AB  - During a number of pathological states, plasma protein concentration (PPC)
      changes dramatically; however, the chronic relationship between PPC, mean
      arterial pressure (MAP), and renal function have never been quantified.
      Therefore, PPC was decreased by plasmapheresis or increased by intravenous
      infusion of autologous plasma in a series of three experiments on 17
      unanaesthetized dogs. During experiments 1 and 2, PPC was reduced to 2.5 g/dl
      over 12 days; blood volume decreased to 63.9% of control; mean arterial pressure
      decreased 25 mmHg; and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal
      plasma flow (ERPF) both decreased markedly. During experiment 3, PPC was
      increased by more than 2 g/dl; MAP and GFR increased moderately; and ERPF
      increased 40-50%. Decreased PPC was associated with a marked shift to the left of
      the MAP-natriuresis relationship while increased PPC caused a moderate shift to
      the right. In conclusion, chronic alterations in PPC result in striking changes
      in both MAP and renal function.

PMID- 6599680
TI  - Renal function of isolated perfused kidneys from hypertensive (MHS) and
      normotensive (MNS) rats of the Milan strain at different ages.
AB  - Young pre-hypertensive rats of the Milan strain (MHS) have a faster glomerular
      filtration rate (GFR) and a higher urine flow in vivo than matched normotensive
      controls (MNS). Kidneys from both MHS and MNS at different ages were perfused in
      vitro with cell-free artificial medium, in order to further clarify the nature of
      these differences, in the absence of extrarenal uncontrolled factors. Isolated
      kidneys from young MHS showed a faster GFR, a larger tubular Na+ reabsorption and
      urine flow as compared to matched MNS: such differences endured throughout the 2
      h of perfusion. These results support an intrinsic kidney abnormality as causing
      the above described differences between young rats of the two strains. Isolated
      kidneys from adult MHS showed faster GFR, higher renal perfusion flow and urine
      flow, yet similar tubular Na+ reabsorption when compared to MNS. Moreover a
      faster decay in kidney function was observed in the experiments with MHS. The
      existence of an extrarenal factor(s) correcting the intrinsic MHS kidney
      abnormality in vivo is suggested, as no differences were reported in kidney
      function of intact adult animals.

PMID- 6599681
TI  - Suppression of the sympathetic nerve activity after surgical reversal of two
      kidney, one clip hypertension in rats.
AB  - The change in tonic renal efferent sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) was studied
      during the rapid fall in mean arterial pressure (MAP) after surgical reversal of
      two-kidney, one clip hypertension in rats (RHR). Controls used were intact RHR
      exposed to the same fall in MAP induced by slow infusion of sodium nitroprusside.
      Within 2 h after declipping, MAP had fallen from 191 +/- 9 mmHg to 106 +/- 8
      mmHg. During this decline in pressure, the reflex increase in RSNA, ordinarily
      following a decrease in pressure, was clearly suppressed; after a short and
      transient initial increase, RSNA was below the control level. In comparison, upon
      vascular dilatation with sodium-nitroprusside, the same fall in MAP was
      accompanied by a 117 +/- 30% increase in RSNA (P less than 0.01). Thus, the rapid
      normalization of MAP after reversal of renovascular hypertension involves a
      mechanism that exerts a suppressive action on the efferent sympathetic activity.

PMID- 6599682
TI  - Resetting of pressure-natriuresis and frusemide sensitivity in spontaneously
      hypertensive rats.
AB  - We compared pressure-natriuresis in isolated perfused kidneys of spontaneously
      hypertensive rats (SHR), and age-matched controls, and studied the effect of
      frusemide on sodium excretion. Okamoto SHR and age-matched Wistar-Kyoto controls
      (WKY) were used. Conscious BP was measured in a tail artery cannulated before the
      experiment. Isolated kidneys were perfused at 37 degrees C and glomerular
      filtration rate, urinary sodium excretion (UNaV) and percentage sodium
      reabsorption (%TNa) were measured as mean perfusion pressure was increased in
      steps from 100 to 180 mmHg and repeated after addition of frusemide. At all
      perfusion pressures GFR and UNaV were lower in SHR and %TNa higher, consistent
      with a 50 mmHg rightward shift of the pressure-natriuresis relationship in SHR.
      However, at intrarenal perfusion pressure equal to MBP, sodium excretion was the
      same (2.9 microEq/min/g WKY; 2.7 microEq/min/g SHR). Subsequent response to
      frusemide was markedly reduced in SHR. We conclude that resetting of pressure
      natriuresis in SHR compensates exactly for increased renal perfusion pressure.
      The mechanism by which these are so precisely linked is not known, nor is the
      reason for the blunted sensitivity to frusemide in SHR, but it is possible that
      Na-K-Cl cotransport in Henle's loop may be altered in this genetic model of
      hypertension.

PMID- 6599683
TI  - Potassium prevents death from strokes in hypertensive rats without lowering blood
      pressure.
AB  - Adding potassium to normal chow reduces death rate in hypertensive stroke-prone
      (SHRSP) rats from 83 to 2%, a 98% reduction. An 86% reduction in deaths occurred
      even when blood pressure (BP) was virtually equal in the two SHRSP groups being
      compared. Potassium supplements in the diet also reduced stroke deaths in
      hypertensive Dahl S rats from 55 to 4%, a 93% reduction. There was an 87%
      reduction in deaths even when BP was actually equal in the two Dahl S groups
      being compared. The added potassium in the diets decreased BP moderately in SHRSP
      rats and modestly in Dahl S rats, which contributed somewhat to the reduction in
      strokes. However, more importantly, the added potassium seems to reduce the
      intrinsic susceptibility to cerebral artery lesions for a given level of
      hypertension, even when BP is not lowered.

PMID- 6599684
TI  - Hypertension produced by chemical renal medullectomy or partial nephrectomy in
      the rat: comparison of renal function and plasma volume.
AB  - Glomerular filtration rate, plasma volume and intra-arterial blood pressure were
      measured in conscious rats, with hypertension induced by chemical medullectomy or
      partial nephrectomy and compared with those in sham treated normal rats. Both
      medullectomy and partial nephrectomy caused a similar rise in blood pressure.
      Hypertension produced by partial nephrectomy was associated with plasma volume
      expansion but after chemical medullectomy there was a marked hypovolaemia. These
      results suggest that volume expansion plays no part in chemical medullectomy
      hypertension but are in keeping with the hypothesis that the renal medulla
      releases a vasodepressor substance which plays an important role in the
      maintenance of normal blood pressure.

PMID- 6599685
TI  - Power spectral density of heart rate variability as an index of sympatho-vagal
      interaction in normal and hypertensive subjects.
AB  - Instantaneous heart rate reflects sympatho-vagal influences on pace-maker
      activity. Hence computer analysis of heart rate variability might provide a
      quantitative index of that interaction. The power spectral density (PSD) estimate
      of heart rate variability was obtained in normal controls and in uncomplicated
      hypertensives, both at rest and during a non-hypotensive sympathetic stimulus
      (tilting). In normal controls PSD shows three major peaks of frequencies P1 =
      0.07, P2 = 0.12, P3 = 0.25 cycles/beat. P1, which is associated with sympathetic
      activity, represents only a minor portion of total variability at rest, while
      becoming predominant with tilting. P2 and P3 are associated with vagal activity,
      and represent the major part of variability at rest, while they are reduced by
      tilting. In hypertensive patients PSD is altered, as P1 is already predominant at
      rest and increases only slightly with tilting. Thus PSD of heart rate variability
      is capable of detecting an early alteration in sympatho-vagal balance of cardiac
      control present in uncomplicated hypertension.

PMID- 6599686
TI  - Importance of the time course of aortic diastolic calibre dilation for
      baroreceptor resetting in acute hypertension.
AB  - By means of a chronically implanted electrolytic transducer, changes in the
      aortic calibre were studied in conscious rats during the onset of acute
      hypertension produced by subdiaphragmatic aortic constriction. The rise of
      pressure to its maximum (153 +/- 5 versus 101 +/- 4 mmHg during the control
      period) was immediate after aortic constriction and hypertension remained stable
      during the entire period of observation. An equivalent (50 mmHg) but transient
      increase in pressure produced an increase of 0.8% in mean aortic calibre, whereas
      after 6 h of hypertension, dilation was 1.2%, the distensibility remaining
      unchanged. However, in both circumstances the displacement of the diastolic
      calibre was greater (80%) than the increase in pulsation (20%). After 48 h of
      hypertension, distensibility increased, allowing the aorta to achieve maximal
      dilation (6.8%) and maximal pulsation. Therefore the time taken (48 h) for the
      aorta to achieve a new state of resting diastolic equilibrium in acute
      hypertension coincides with the time course for complete resetting of the aortic
      baroreceptors, demonstrated before in the same preparation.

PMID- 6599687
TI  - Influence of vagal nervous activity on blood pressure variability.
AB  - In our previous studies, it was shown that blood pressure variability was largely
      independent from the adrenergic nervous system. In the present work, vagal
      nervous influence on blood pressure variability was analysed both in dogs and in
      men. In eight chronically instrumented conscious dogs, striking fluctuations of
      blood pressure were observed when quietly resting; these fluctuations correlate
      well with fluctuation of heart rate. Atropine abolished all variations both of
      heart rate and of pressure. Reflex stimulation of vagal tone by neosynephrine
      increased variability of both parameters. Thus, in dogs, blood pressure
      variability is related to variability of heart rate which is largely influenced
      by vagal tone. The same question was approached in seven male volunteers; blood
      pressure and heart rate were measured automatically every 2 min, during 1 h,
      before and after atropine. In control conditions, no correlation between
      variability of heart rate and of blood pressure was observed. Atropine clearly
      decreased variability of heart rate and of diastolic blood pressure. These data
      confirm the animal results; however, the influence of vagal nerves on variability
      is less pronounced in man than in dogs.

PMID- 6599688
TI  - Impaired control of heart rate leads to increased blood pressure variability.
AB  - Blood pressure variability has been studied from 24-h direct arterial pressure
      recordings in 109 subjects (36 normals and 73 hypertensives). Baroreflex
      sensitivity was also measured. From the 24-h record a linear relationship was
      found between systolic pressure and heart period. The slope was related to
      baroreflex sensitivity (r = 0.66, P less than 0.001). Those with shallow slopes
      had a high systolic pressure level and greater variability, thus efficient
      control of heart rate limits blood pressure variability.

PMID- 6599689
TI  - Stroke volume--pulse pressure relationships in borderline hypertension: a
      possible indicator of decreased arterial compliance.
AB  - Resting invasive haemodynamic measurements were performed on 354 volunteers, 168
      normals, and 186 with borderline hypertension. To test the hypothesis that
      patients with borderline hypertension would have a decrease in the compliance of
      their arterial system, the relationship of stroke volume (SV) and stroke volume
      index (SVI) to pulse pressure (PP) in the two groups was examined. Theoretically,
      as compliance decreases, there should have been a stronger relationship between
      SV or SVI and PP. In the sample studied, SV and SVI were significantly related to
      PP in borderline hypertensive patients (P less than 0.005), but not in
      normotensive patients. When the samples were divided into tertiles of low,
      middle, and high SV, the borderline hypertensive patients had higher PP with
      higher SV (P less than 0.01), while the normals did not. It is concluded that
      there appear to be significant differences between normals and patients with
      borderline hypertension in the relationship of SV and SVI to PP. This can be
      interpreted as evidence to support the existence of an abnormality in arterial
      compliance in borderline hypertension.

PMID- 6599690
TI  - Primary impairment of cardiopulmonary baroreflexes in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.
AB  - Neural mechanisms contribute to salt-induced hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive
      (DS) rats. We examined whether cardiopulmonary (CP) baroreflexes are impaired in
      prehypertensive DS rats. Dahl salt-resistant (DR) and DS rats fed low salt diet
      were urethane-anaesthetized and sino-aortic denervated. Reductions in sympathetic
      activity (SNA, splanchnic nerve recording) were measured while CP baroreceptors
      were stimulated by volume expansion by dextran infusion (stimulus quantitated by
      changes in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, LVEDP). Baseline arterial
      pressure, LVEDP and SNA were similar in the two groups. With dextran administered
      in equal amounts, LVEDP rose 25% more but SNA fell 20% less in DS than DR rats.
      Maximal CP baroreflex gain calculated as delta SNA/ delta LVEDP (in %/mmHg) was 
      3.6 +/- 0.4 in DS and -6.3 +/- 0.6 in DR rats (P less than 0.005). Heart weight
      and left atrial distensibility were similar in DR and DS rats. Thus DS rats with
      normal cardiac mechanical properties and blood pressure have impaired CP
      baroreflexes. This may contribute to salt-hypertension in these animals.

PMID- 6599691
TI  - Importance of cardiac pacing in the analysis of vagal and sympathetic
      contributions to baroreflex control of cardiac performance in the conscious
      rabbit.
AB  - The baroreflex control of myocardial contractility has been assessed in the
      conscious normotensive and hypertensive rabbit. Stimulus response curves relating
      graded changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) to induced changes in peak rate of
      change of left ventricular pressure (peak LV dP/dt) were compared during constant
      heart rate controlled by atrial pacing and when heart rate was uncontrolled. The
      experiments were repeated after beta-block, cholinergic block and during combined
      block in both A rise in MAP produced a fall in peak LV dP/dt which was due to two
      components. There was a reflex negative inotropic effect which was independent of
      heart rate and a reduction in peak LV dP/dt due to reflex bradycardia. The
      sympathetic nerves were primarily responsible for the direct negative inotropic
      effect and the vagus for the indirect effect, secondary to the bradycardia. The
      slope of the stimulus response curves relating the baroreflex fall in peak LV
      dP/dt to rises in MAP were similar in normotensive and hypertensive animals, in
      contrast to the sensitivity of the baroreflex heart rate response which is
      impaired in animals with chronic hypertension.

PMID- 6599692
TI  - Abnormal baroreflex control of heart rate in normotensive young subjects with a
      family history of essential hypertension.
AB  - This study was performed to determine whether baroreflex control of heart rate is
      impaired in young normotensive subjects with hypertensive relatives. Blood
      pressure, baroreflex function, pressor response to phenylephrine, aortic
      distensibility (pulse pressure/stroke volume) and minimal forearm vascular
      resistance (minFVR) were assessed in 13 normotensive subjects with hypertensive
      relatives (group A) and 11 normotensive subjects with no family history of
      hypertension (group B). Baroreflex sensitivity was significantly lower in group A
      than in group B (9.4 +/- 1.7 versus 17.5 +/- 1.7 ms/mmHg, P less than 0.01),
      although blood pressure, aortic distensibility and minFVR were not different
      between two groups. Pressor response to phenylephrine was identical for both
      groups. These results suggest that baroreflex control of heart rate is impaired
      in normotensive young subjects with hypertensive relatives and this defect may be
      inherited rather than the result of elevated blood pressure and decrease aortic
      distensibility.

PMID- 6599693
TI  - Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and acetylcholine are responsible for
      neurovasodilation in the head of the cat.
AB  - There is reason to believe that the dilator innervation to blood vessels of many
      of the tissues of the head may be part of a common outflow from the central
      nervous system. Part of the effect of its activation is due to the release of
      acetylcholine and evidence is presented that, in addition, vasoactive intestinal
      polypeptide (VIP) release also plays a role. The non-cholinergic part of the
      dilator response to nerve activity can in a series of blood vessels be correlated
      with the level of VIP in their wall and is selectively reduced by VIP antiserum.
      In addition, VIP has suitable characteristics as a vasodilator. Whereas substance
      P which is present in the walls of many arteries of the head, does not qualify as
      a putative dilator transmitter. Despite the fact that the physiological role of
      dilator innervation to the circulation as a whole is not understood, the powerful
      consequences of the activation of the system in particular blood vessels suggests
      that this innervation should be seriously considered when studying the regulation
      of peripheral resistance.

PMID- 6599694
TI  - Effects of low and high Na diets on cardiovascular dynamics in normotensive and
      hypertensive rats: neuroeffector characteristics of the resistance vessels.
AB  - The aim of the study reported was to explore differences in neuro-effector
      characteristics of the resistance vessels from normotensive and hypertensive rats
      (WKY and SHR), which from five to twelve weeks of age had been exposed to either
      low-sodium (0.5 mM/100 g food), control-sodium (5 mM/100 g) or high-sodium (50
      mM/100 g) diet. Isolated small mesenteric arteries (diameter 150-200 microM) were
      mounted in a two-vessel Mulvany-Halpern myograph. Noradrenaline sensitivity was
      similar in all arteries. Frequency-response curves of SHR arteries were steeper
      than in WKY. In both strains low-sodium curves were displaced to higher
      frequencies with little difference between control and high-sodium curves.
      Inhibition of the Na-K-ATPase with ouabain enhanced neurogenic responses more
      than noradrenaline responses, but to similar extents in all sodium groups. The
      results suggest that chronic low-sodium diet substantially reduces the total
      adrenergic transmitter release per impulse.

PMID- 6599695
TI  - Endothelial cell loss enhances the pressor response in resistance vessels.
AB  - The role of the endothelium in pressor and relaxation responses was studied using
      the isolated, perfused mesenteric arterial bed of the rat. Perfusion of
      mesenteric beds with distilled water for 10 min resulted in endothelial cell
      loss. This procedure produced no morphological injury to the medial smooth muscle
      cells as seen by transmission electron microscopy. Such endothelial cell removal
      resulted in an increase in pressor responses to angiotensin II, epinephrine,
      norepinephrine and serotonin. Removal of the endothelium either markedly reduced
      or eliminated the vasodilation response to acetylcholine, whereas it did not
      alter the vasodilation response to diazoxide. These results show that loss of
      endothelial cells in resistance vessels results in a marked enhancement of the
      pressor response to several endogenous vasoconstrictor agents. Thus endothelial
      cell products may be important in the regulation of local blood flow and
      resistance. These results could have important implications in disease states in
      which there might be endothelial cell dysfunction.

PMID- 6599696
TI  - Correction of cardiovascular hypersensitivity to norepinephrine by potassium
      supplementation in normotensive members of hypertensive families and patients
      with essential hypertension.
AB  - Blood pressure (BP), plasma levels of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine, the
      chronotropic effect of isoproterenol, and the relationship between variations in
      BP and concomitant plasma NE levels obtained during NE infusion were studied
      under control conditions and after 10 days of dietary potassium supplementation
      (100 mmol/day) in 12 normotensive subjects with negative family history (FH) of
      hypertension (mean BP 111/70 +/- 9/7 mmHg), 11 normotensive subjects with
      positive FH (112/73 +/- 8/6 mmHg), and 10 subjects with untreated borderline to
      mild essential hypertension (131/89 +/- 15/9 mmHg). Under control conditions, the
      increase in circulating NE required to elevate mean BP by 20 mmHg was
      significantly lower in hypertensive subjects (6.1 +/- 4.0 nmol/l) or normotensive
      subjects with positive FH (5.0 +/- 2.4 nmol/l) than in normal subjects with
      negative FH (9.9 +/- 6.4 nmol/l); the other study parameters were similar. After
      potassium supplementation, plasma and urinary potassium increased and body weight
      decreased slightly in all groups; basal plasma NE and epinephrine levels and
      cardiovascular effects of isoproterenol were unchanged. However, in normotensive
      subjects with positive FH and hypertensive subjects, the increase in plasma NE
      required to elevate mean BP by 20 mmHg was normalized (to 8.9 +/- 5.9 and 9.9 +/-
      6.9 nmol/l, respectively), while BP tended to decrease slightly. These findings
      indicate that dietary potassium supplementation may favorably modify
      noradrenergic BP-regulation in hypertension prone individuals.

PMID- 6599697
TI  - Pressor factors and cardiovascular pressor responsiveness after short-term
      antihypertensive therapy with the calcium antagonist nifedipine alone or combined
      with a diuretic.
AB  - Exchangeable sodium, blood volume, plasma norepinephrine, epinephrine, renin
      levels, and pressor responses to infused norepinephrine or angiotensin II were
      assessed in 10 patients with essential hypertension on placebo, following six to
      eight weeks of monotherapy with nifedipine, 3 X 10-20 mg/day, and after six to
      eight weeks on nifedipine combined with the diuretic chlorthalidone, 25 to 50
      mg/day. Supine blood pressure was decreased after nifedipine alone (P less than
      0.05) and even further after nifedipine + chlorthalidone (P less than 0.01). Body
      weight and exchangeable sodium increased after nifedipine (P less than 0.05), but
      were decreased after adding chlorthalidone. Blood volume was unchanged after
      nifedipine, but was reduced on nifedipine + chlorthalidone (P less than 0.05).
      Heart rate, supine plasma renin, catecholamine levels, and pressor responses to
      norepinephrine or angiotensin II were not consistently changed on nifedipine
      alone or combined with chlorthalidone. These findings indicate that in the
      established phase of treatment, nifedipine may exert its antihypertensive effect
      without necessarily altering cardiovascular responsiveness to norepinephrine and
      angiotensin II. Moreover, mild sodium retention may develop on nifedipine at
      least in some hypertensive patients.

PMID- 6599698
TI  - Rapid eye movement (REM)-sleep during and after continuous infusion of the
      oxazoline derivate S3341: a comparison with clonidine.
AB  - The frequency and duration of rapid eye movement (REM)-sleep episodes were
      examined in normotensive rats during and after cessation of continuous infusion
      of either clonidine (10 micrograms/kg/h) or the oxazoline derivative S3341 (50
      micrograms/kg/h) for 10 days. Both compounds abolished REM-sleep during the
      infusion. On cessation of the clonidine infusion there was a rebound increase in
      the frequency and duration of REM-sleep episodes. These episodes were associated
      with markedly exaggerated blood pressure fluctuations. On cessation of the S3341
      infusion, the frequency and duration of REM-sleep episodes returned to control
      levels. Blood pressure responses were not different from controls. These post
      infusion differences may be related to the greater degree of selectivity of S3341
      for the alpha 2-adrenoceptor rather than the alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtype.

PMID- 6599699
TI  - Evidence against a circulating ouabain-like transport inhibitor as a cause of
      increased red cell sodium in essential hypertension.
AB  - Red cell sodium and potassium concentrations, and total ouabain-sensitive and
      ouabain-insensitive first order red constants for sodium efflux, were measured in
      15 patients (11 female, 4 male) with essential hypertension (162 +/- 14/99 +/- 7
      (s.d. mmHg) and 15 normotensive control subjects (117 +/- 17/64 +/- 10 mmHg)
      individually matched for age (45.8 +/- 10 versus 45.7 +/- 10 years, respectively,
      sex, weight (68.6 +/- 16.1 versus 64.7 +/- 11.2 kg) and blood group. To test for
      possible plasma inhibitors of sodium transport in hypertension, total efflux rate
      constants were measured in red cells incubated in two plasma samples, from either
      the same or the complementary (paired) subjects, respectively. Intracellular
      sodium was significantly increased in patients (11.8 +/- 3.45 versus 8.75 +/-
      2.48 mmols/l of red cell water; P = 0.023). Intracellular potassium and total and
      ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux rate constants, were similar in both groups.
      Sodium efflux was similar when cells were incubated in the homologous and
      complementary plasma samples. Ouabain-insensitive rate constants were decreased
      in the patients (0.16 +/- 0.08 versus 0.20 +/- 0.05 h-1) but the difference was
      of borderline significance (P = 0.059). These results confirm the presence of
      abnormal intracellular sodium concentrations and membrane transport in essential
      hypertension but are not consistent with the suggestion that the abnormalities
      are due to a circulating sodium transport inhibitor.

PMID- 6599700
TI  - Regulation of sodium and water excretions by neural renorenal reflexes in the
      cat.
AB  - The reduction in sodium and water excretion observed in the right kidney when the
      left kidney is subjected to transient denervation, is entirely abolished by
      bilateral section of the dorsal roots from T9 to L4, whereas section of the left
      dorsal roots only, at the same spinal level, does not affect the contralateral
      renal response to left renal nerve cooling. The possibility that the bilateral
      dorsal roots section abolished the response of the right kidney because the
      afferent fibres from the left kidney travel in the right dorsal roots was
      explored in the present study. Experiments were performed in anaesthetized cats
      in which reversible denervation of the left kidney was done by cooling of left
      renal nerves (for 10 min) after cutting the right dorsal roots from T9 to L4.
      Cooling of left renal nerves caused a large increase in sodium and water
      excretion from the left kidney and a prompt decrease in sodium and water
      excretion from the right kidney. During the cooling period arterial pressure did
      not change and glomerular filtration rate slightly increased in the left kidney
      only. The results obtained in this group of animals were not significantly
      different from those previously observed in sham-operated cats or in cats with
      section of left dorsal roots only. As the contralateral antidiuretic and
      antinatriuretic response to renal denervation survives dorsal root section on
      either side but is prevented by bilateral section, this demonstrates that the
      inhibitory renal afferent fibres responsible for this renorenal reflex are
      distributed bilaterally to spinal dorsal roots.

PMID- 6599701
TI  - Sodium transport by leucocytes and erythrocytes in hypertensive subjects and
      their normotensive relatives.
AB  - Intracellular sodium content and ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux rate constant
      were measured in leucocytes and erythrocytes from subjects with untreated
      essential hypertension and also in normotensive subjects with and without a
      family history of hypertension. Leucocytes from hypertensives were again shown to
      have a higher intracellular sodium content and lower ouabain-sensitive sodium
      efflux rate constant than normotensive controls but there were no differences
      between those normotensive subjects with and those without a family history of
      hypertension. No differences in erythrocyte sodium content or efflux rate
      constant were seen between any of the three groups.

PMID- 6599702
TI  - Low erythrocyte Na+/K+ ratio in children with mild blood pressure elevation and a
      positive family history of hypertension.
AB  - Thirty-seven children aged 6-16 years were studied. Their mothers had a history
      of previous pre-eclampsia or hypertension in pregnancy on average 10.4 years
      earlier and had later developed sustained hypertension. Blood pressure in these
      children was significantly higher than in an age-matched control group (125/71
      versus 113/64 mmHg, P less than 0.001). Intracellular Na+ in erythrocytes were
      not elevated, on the contrary the Na+/K+ ratio was significantly lower than in an
      age- and sex-matched control group (0.095 versus 0.103, P less than 0.05). Thus
      women with hypertension in pregnancy who later developed sustained essential
      hypertension have children with elevated blood pressures at an early age. The
      observation that the erythrocyte Na+/K+ ratio is reduced in such children
      suggests that the rise in intracellular Na+ commonly described in essential
      hypertension is not a primary event.

PMID- 6599703
TI  - Li efflux in erythrocytes of pregnant women: comparison of rates and temperature
      dependence for detection of hypertension.
AB  - Two determinants of lithium efflux in erythrocytes were compared, in relation to
      pregnancy: (a) efflux rates at 37 degrees C; (b) efflux temperature dependence,
      expressed by the 'break' of Arrhenius plots. Eighteen women were studied both at
      term and after delivery. While efflux rates were changed markedly, from 0.87 +/-
      0.07 to 0.56 +/- 0.05 mmol/ (IRBC h) at term and post-partum, respectively, the
      characteristic break temperature of each woman remained essentially constant
      during and after pregnancy. The property of temperature dependence is more
      suitable than efflux rates for differentiation of hypertension during pregnancy.

PMID- 6599704
TI  - A different role of digoxin-like factor in the maintenance of elevated blood
      pressure in rats treated with DOCA and saline in youth or only in adulthood.
AB  - The acute administration of anti-digoxin serum (ADS) caused a pronounced long
      lasting blood pressure decrease only in those hypertensive rats that were treated
      with DOCA and 1% saline from prepuberty. There was no effect of ADS on blood
      pressure of rats treated in the same manner in adulthood only. The age at which
      salt intake was increased could be responsible for both the susceptibility of
      animals to salt-dependent forms of experimental hypertension and the
      participation of slow-acting humoral pressor agents (endogenous digoxin-like
      factors) in the maintenance of their elevated blood pressure.

PMID- 6599705
TI  - Cytosolic free calcium and intracellular calcium stores are normal in neutrophils
      from patients with essential hypertension.
AB  - Cytosolic free calcium and intracellular calcium stores were measured in
      neutrophils by trapping intracellularly the fluorescent calcium indicator Quin-2.
      Ten patients with untreated essential hypertension were compared to 10- age and
      sex-matched normotensive subjects. Intracellular calcium concentration and
      calcium stores did not differ in the two groups. No significant relationship was
      found between blood pressure and the calcium parameters. These results suggest
      that essential hypertension is not associated with a generalized cellular
      alteration in calcium handling.

PMID- 6599706
TI  - Intracellular calcium in essential hypertension. A parameter for assessing
      effective antihypertensive treatment.
AB  - The effects of the loop diuretic piretanide on blood pressure and intra
      erythrocytic free Na+ and Ca2+ were examined in 14 essential hypertensives. Intra
      erythrocytic Ca2+ activity was found to decrease (P less than 0.01) and Na+
      activity to increase (P less than 0.05). In spontaneously hypertensive rats
      (SHRs) hypovolaemia abolished the humoral transmission of hypertension to
      normotensive rats. Therefore the decrease in intracellular Ca2+, which may be
      responsible for the diminished vascular tone under diuretic treatment, could be
      mediated by a suppression of humoral factors due to diuretic-induced
      hypovolaemia.

PMID- 6599707
TI  - Altered kinetics of an intravenous calcium load in hypertensive patients.
AB  - Essential hypertensive (EH) patients have a higher rate of urinary calcium
      excretion and, according to some reports, somewhat lower levels of serum ionized
      calcium. The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics of an i.v. calcium
      load in EH patients and in normotensive controls. Fifteen EH patients and twelve
      sex-and weight-matched controls received a constant ionized rate i.v. calcium
      infusion (0.1 mmol Ca2+/kg body weight/h) for 2 h. Serum ionized calcium and
      urinary calcium excretion were determined at regular intervals during the
      infusion and, in two subgroups of seven hypertensives and seven controls, for up
      to 4 hours later. EH patients had significantly higher excretion rates (P less
      than (P less than 0.001) and slightly, but not significantly, lower serum ionized
      calcium compared to controls. The serum ionized calcium concentration attained at
      60 and 120 min of the Ca2+ infusion was significantly lower in EH (P less than
      0.01) and it remained appreciably lower for up to 220 min from the beginning of
      the test. The area under the curve of serum ionized calcium calculated at
      different time points was significantly reduced in the hypertensives. The mean
      renal calcium clearance of the patients during the infusion and the elimination
      phase was somewhat higher, but the difference from controls did not reach
      statistical significance. These data indicate an abnormal handling of a calcium
      load by patients with EH and raise the possibility that such abnormality may not
      be due simply to a renal defect but perhaps to an altered calcium distribution
      among different compartments in the body.

PMID- 6599708
TI  - Small increments in plasma calcium concentration reduce the responsiveness of
      forearm resistance vessels to verapamil in men with primary hypertension.
AB  - The effect on the forearm resistance vessels of small increases in the local
      plasma concentration of calcium and magnesium has been examined in 20 men with
      primary hypertension. Studies were carried out by a standard plethysmographic
      method with infusion of drugs into the brachial artery. Infusion of calcium at 10
      mumol/min into the forearm caused basal blood flow to fall by 9% (n = 17;0.1
      greater than P greater than 0.05) and the dilator response to verapamil to fall
      by 28% (P less than 0.005). Infusion of magnesium at the same rate caused basal
      blood flow to rise by 22% (n = 12; P less than 0.05), but the dilator response to
      verapamil was not significantly changed. The response of the resistance vessels
      to verapamil is known to be enhanced in patients with hypertension, and the
      results show that this response is attenuated by a small increase in the local
      calcium concentration. The findings are consistent with the view that altered
      handling of calcium by the cell membrane contributes to the functional
      abnormality of the hypertensive resistance vessel.

PMID- 6599709
TI  - Role of kidney and adrenals in the humoral pathogenesis of primary hypertension.
AB  - In 18 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of the Munster strain the circulation
      was connected to that of normotensive animals using the carotid arteries and
      external jugular veins. The circulations were mixed by a peristaltic pump. In
      this model the normotensive rats were made hypertensive after a 10-min cross
      perfusion cross unidentified humoral factors causing vasoconstriction play an
      essential role for the development of hypertension in SHRs.

PMID- 6599710
TI  - Calcium antagonists: systemic and regional haemodynamic effects in conscious
      spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
AB  - The systemic and regional (renal, mesenteric and hindquarter) haemodynamic
      effects of the calcium antagonists verapamil, nifedipine and PY 108-068 [diethyl
      4-(2, 1, 3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)-1, 4-dihydro-2, 6-dimethylpyridine-3, 5
      dicarboxylate] were studied in conscious, chronically instrumented spontaneously
      hypertensive rats (SHR). All three calcium antagonists caused a dose-dependent
      fall in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and total peripheral resistance. In intact
      animals the fall in resistance was related primarily to a vasodilatation in the
      hindquarter (mainly muscular) vascular bed. During the early fall in blood
      pressure a reflex rise in cardiac output and heart rate was observed following
      nifedipine and PY 108-068, but not after verapamil. Following sinoaortic
      baroreflex denervation the dose-response curve for the calcium antagonist-induced
      fall in blood pressure and total peripheral resistance was shifted to the left.
      Moreover, the calcium antagonists then caused a comparable degree of vasodilation
      in all three vascular beds studied. It is concluded that calcium antagonists
      preferentially dilate the muscular bed in intact animals; however, sinoaortic
      baroreflex denervation unmasks an unselective pattern of vasodilatation.

PMID- 6599711
TI  - Hypotensive actions of microinjections of angiotensin II into the dorsal motor
      nucleus of the vagus.
AB  - Angiotensin II (ANG II) was injected via double-barrelled micropipettes into
      brain stem nuclei of 83 chloralose anaesthetized rats at doses between 8 fmol and
      250 pmol. Femtomole injections of ANG II confined to the dorsal motor nucleus of
      the vagus (dmnX) and the ventral portion of the medial nucleus tractus solitarius
      (NTS) produced falls in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) of 28 and 12%,
      respectively, which were significantly greater than those produced by vehicle
      injections at these same sites (9 and 6% for BP and HR, respectively). ANG II
      injections into either the medial NTS or the hypoglossal nucleus were not
      different from vehicle. Prior administration of methylatropine
      (intraperitoneally) or bilateral cervical vagotomy significantly attenuated the
      bradycardia without affecting the fall in blood pressure. These data provide the
      first evidence for a direct action of low doses of ANG II within discrete nuclei
      of the dorsal medulla. The findings suggest that activation of the
      parasympathetic nervous system primarily accounts for the bradycardia. However,
      inhibition of sympathetic nervous system activity may contribute to the
      hypotension. Additionally, these data are consistent with a neurotransmitter or
      neuromodulator role for ANG II in the brain stem of rats.

PMID- 6599712
TI  - Calcium antagonists and stimulus-secretion coupling of aldosterone.
AB  - Sheep whose left adrenal gland had been autotransplanted to a combined carotid
      artery-jugular vein skin loop in the neck were used to study the role of calcium
      in stimulus-secretion coupling for aldosterone biosynthesis. The calcium
      antagonists nisoldipine and verapamil were infused directly into the adrenal
      arterial blood supply during Na depletion or in Na replete sheep during
      concomitant adrenal arterial infusion of angiotensin II or KC1. The stimulation
      of aldosterone secretion following angiotensin II (1 nmol/l blood flow) or KC1
      (delta [K] 1 mmol/l blood flow) was totally blocked by both verapamil (10(-4)
      mol/l blood flow) and nisoldipine (2.6 X 10(-6) mol/l blood flow). In contrast,
      neither antagonist had any significant effect on the established hypersecretion
      of aldosterone caused by 24 h Na depletion as a result of parotid salivary loss.
      The data suggest an important role for calcium in stimulus-secretion coupling
      during acute stimulation by K and angiotensin II, but not in the longer-term
      sodium depletion. The data further suggest that angiotensin may not be the sole
      sustaining stimulus to aldosterone in sodium depletion or its mechanism switches
      from a Ca-dependent to a Ca-independent mechanism with Na depletion.

PMID- 6599713
TI  - Effects of urapidil on blood pressure and adrenoceptors in various animal models.
AB  - The interaction with alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors, and the antihypertensive and
      hypotensive effects of urapidil were studied in various animal models. Urapidil
      reduced the mean arterial pressure (MAP) of conscious normotensive and
      spontaneously hypertensive rates after oral administration. Urapidil antagonized
      alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction in pithed rats,
      elicited by cirazoline and B-HT 920, respectively. Urapidil itself caused pressor
      responses of limited magnitude at high doses in pithed rats, which were not
      blocked by yohimbine, prazosin or ketanserin. Urapidil displayed partial beta 1
      adrenoceptor intrinsic activity in pithed rats. Urapidil was more potent in
      reducing MAP after infusion via the vertebral artery as compared to infusion via
      the femoral artery of chloralose-anaesthetized cats. The results suggest that
      urapidil reduces blood pressure via blockade of peripheral vascular alpha
      adrenoceptors, and beta-receptor blockade. A centrally mediated hypotension not
      involving alpha 2-adrenoceptors may contribute to the antihypertensive effect.

PMID- 6599714
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of the central antihypertensive effect of guanabenz and
      clonidine.
AB  - Mean arterial pressure and heart rate responses were measured following
      intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of guanabenz and clonidine in
      conscious intact, sinoaortic baroreceptor denervated (SAD) animals, and in SAD
      animals with anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) or sham-AV3V lesions. These
      results suggest that in the conscious unrestrained rat: (1) the centrally
      mediated depressor effect of guanabenz and clonidine is masked by intact
      baroreceptors; (2) the centrally mediated bradycardia is independent of
      baroreceptor function and (3) the integrity of the AV3V region is not required
      for expression of these central effects.

PMID- 6599715
TI  - The effects of BTS 49465 on blood pressure and peripheral arteriolar and venous
      tone in normal volunteers.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics and cardiovascular effects of a new vasodilator, BTS 49465
      (7-fluoro-1-methyl-3-methylsulphinyl-4-quinolone) were evaluated in a double
      blind placebo-controlled manner in a group of normal male volunteers. Forearm
      vascular resistance and forearm venous tone were measured by venous occlusion
      plethysmography using mercury-in-rubber strain gauges, supine, and in response to
      lower body negative pressure. Systemic arterial pressure was also measured. Dose
      dependent reductions in blood pressure were observed both supine and in response
      to lower body negative pressure. Measurements of forearm vascular resistance and
      forearm venous tone suggested the drug caused both arteriolar and venous
      vasodilatation. Plasma level measurements indicated that the active metabolite of
      BTS 49465 had a prolonged half-life. BTS 49465 is a mixed arteriolar and venous
      vasodilator which may be suitable for once-daily administration. Measurement of
      limb vascular tone is a useful means of evaluating the effects of vasodilators.

PMID- 6599716
TI  - Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies with the vasodilator endralazine.
AB  - Endralazine is a peripherally-acting vasodilator similar to hydralazine. In
      normotensive subjects and essential hypertensive and renal patients, single oral
      doses of 10 mg endralazine led to substantial falls in blood pressure, with no
      significant additional orthostatic effect. Maintenance endralazine treatment (5
      or 10 mg b.d.) of essential hypertensive patients significantly improved blood
      pressure control: the mean supine blood pressure improved from 197/107 mmHg on
      baseline treatment with a thiazide and beta-blocker to 160/86 mmHg after one week
      and 161/91 mmHg after one year. There was no evidence of fluid retention and in
      all patients treated for at least one year the anti-nuclear factor remained
      negative. Following acute administration the terminal elimination half-life of
      endralazine was approximately 2.5 h and the oral bioavailability was 75%. During
      chronic treatment the elimination half-life significantly increased to about 7.5
      h. The elimination half-life following the first dose was only significantly
      prolonged in the renal dialysis group. There were no significant differences
      related to acetylator phenotype.

PMID- 6599717
TI  - A new orally active hypotensive peptide, N-(dibenzyloxyphosphinoyl)-L-alanyl-L
      prolyl-L-proline (PAPP).
AB  - The antihypertensive effects and mechanisms of a newly developed orally active
      tripeptide, N-(dibenzyloxyphosphinoyl)-L-alanyl-L-prolyl-L-proline (PAPP), were
      investigated. When PAPP (1-30 mg/kg orally) was administered to spontaneously
      hypertensive rats (SHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) reached a maximum
      reduction after 8 h and this effect lasted over 24 h. In two-kidney, one clip
      hypertensive rats (2KIC rats) and DOCA-salt hypertensive rats, PAPP also reduced
      SBP. In normotensive Wistar rats, however, PAPP did not have a hypotensive
      effect. PAPP showed low toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats. The depressor response
      to bradykinin (BK) was potentiated, but the pressor response to angiotensin I
      (ANG I) was not inhibited by PAPP. PAPP significantly relaxed isolated SHR aortic
      strips treated with KC or norepinephrine. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
      inhibition by PAPP was relatively low in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 6599718
TI  - Autoradiographic localization of angiotensin II binding sites in the brain,
      pituitary, kidney and adrenal gland of the rat.
AB  - In order to define more precisely the sites of action for circulating angiotensin
      II (ANG II) on its target organs, ANG II receptor sites were localized by in
      vitro autoradiography within the brain, pituitary, kidney and adrenal gland of
      the rat using [125I]-ANG II as the probe. [125I]-ANG II binding sites were seen
      in the anterior lobe of the pituitary, glomeruli and vasa recta of the kidney,
      the zona glomerulosa and medulla of the adrenals, and the subfornical organ and
      organum vasculosum laminae terminals of the brain. These result show that [125I]
      ANG II can be used to label in vitro ANG II receptor sites and can further our
      understanding of the actions of ANG II in regulating arterial pressure and
      extracellular fluid volume.

PMID- 6599719
TI  - Possible role for insulin receptors in the mechanism of thiazide induced glucose
      tolerance.
AB  - The role of cellular insulin receptors in the mechanism of thiazide induced
      glucose intolerance was studied in 10 non-diabetics and six diet controlled type
      II diabetics with mild essential hypertension. Glucose tolerance tests (75 g)
      were performed at the start of the study, after one month of placebo and after
      one month on bendrofluazide 5 mg daily. Erythrocyte insulin receptor status was
      measured on each occasion in the fasting state. In non-diabetics, low affinity
      insulin receptor concentration increased after bendrofluazide but high affinity
      receptor concentration remained unchanged. In the diabetics, there was no change
      in either high or low affinity insulin receptor concentration. No change in
      insulin receptor affinity occurred in either group. In the long term, non
      diabetics may maintain normal glucose tolerance on thiazide diuretics by
      increasing insulin receptor numbers. This adjustment did not occur in diabetic
      patients which may explain the deterioration in glucose tolerance.

PMID- 6599720
TI  - Atropine potentiates the pressor response to arginine-vasopressin in conscious
      dogs.
AB  - The haemodynamic effects of bolus injections of increasing doses of arginine
      vasopressin (AVP) were examined in conscious dogs chronically instrumented for
      the measurement of arterial pressure and cardiac output (aortic electromagnetic
      flowmeter), both before and after administration of the antimuscarinic agent
      atropine, 250 micrograms/kg. Haemodynamic variables were monitored and analysed
      using computerized techniques. The pressor response to AVP was markedly enhanced
      by atropine treatment, which decreased the relative fall of cardiac output but
      did not affect the relative increase in total peripheral resistance. It is
      therefore concluded that the fall in cardiac output which follows AVP
      administration is in part vagally mediated, and that preventing the vagal
      component of the cardiac output decrease contributes to the exaggerated pressor
      response induced by atropine.

PMID- 6599721
TI  - Learned precise cardiovascular control through graded central sympathetic
      stimulation.

PMID- 6599722
TI  - Regulation of arterial adrenoceptors during hypertension development in
      spontaneously hypertensive rats.
AB  - Diminished beta-adrenoceptor mediated relaxation and increased reactivity to
      norepinephrine have been observed in the arteries of spontaneously hypertensive
      rats (SHR). However, some reports are conflicting, while the complexity of
      endothelial, neural and purely morphological factors regulating the response of
      whole vessels is increasingly appreciated. Thus a dissection of the complex
      vascular contraction mechanism into single-step events is needed. Here
      characterization of adrenoceptors in isolated aortic smooth muscle cells of SHR
      by radioligand binding techniques is reported. The density of beta-adrenoceptors
      was decreased at 4 (-23%), 7(-20%) and 13(-39%) weeks in SHR compared with age
      matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. In both strains beta-adrenoceptor density
      decreased significantly with age. alpha 1-Adrenoceptors exhibited complex, though
      slight, changes in SHR at different ages. The alpha/beta adrenoceptor density
      ratio was constantly increased in SHR (11.9 versus 7.6 at 7 weeks; 19.1 versus
      15.8 at 13 weeks). These findings suggest that the abnormal contractility of SHR
      arteries may at least partially depend on changes at the adrenoceptor level. A
      loss of arterial beta-adrenoceptors early in the life of SHR can be an event
      leading to increased peripheral resistance and elevation of blood pressure.

PMID- 6599723
TI  - Neurotransmitter release, vascular responsiveness and their calcium-mediated
      regulation in perfused mesenteric preparation of spontaneously hypertensive rats
      and DOCA-salt hypertension.
AB  - To investigate the role of norepinephrine release from the sympathetic nerve
      endings and vascular responsiveness to endogenous and exogenous norepinephrine in
      the pathogenesis of hypertension, the perfused mesenteric preparations from
      spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and DOCA-salt hypertension were used. In
      addition, the effects of two calcium antagonists on norepinephrine release by
      electrical stimulation and the vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine were
      examined to evaluate the calcium dependency of norepinephrine release and the
      vascular responsiveness in hypertension. The vascular responsiveness was
      increased in SHR and DOCA-salt hypertension in both early and later phases.
      Norepinephrine overflow from the sympathetic nerve terminals was enhanced only in
      young SHR and the chronic phase of DOCA-salt hypertension. After infusion of
      verapamil, a calcium antagonist, into the perfusate, the pressor responses and
      norepinephrine overflow by electrical stimulation were more inhibited in SHR,
      especially in young SHR, and the chronic phase of DOCA-salt hypertension than in
      controls. These results suggest that calcium dependency in both pre- and
      postsynaptic sites of neurotransmission may contribute to the pathogenesis of
      hypertension.

PMID- 6599724
TI  - [Long-term pulp response to Boston silicate cement restorations. Histological
      study in dog teeth].

PMID- 6599725
TI  - [Radioautographic study of DNA synthesis in the gingival epithelium in the mouse
      Mus musculus. I. Effect of age].

PMID- 6599726
TI  - [Radioautographic study of DNA synthesis in the gingival epithelium in the mouse
      Mus musculus. II. Effect of sex].

PMID- 6599727
TI  - [Radiographic study of the occurrence of 2 root canals in the lower 1st
      premolars].

PMID- 6599728
TI  - [Oral infection wtih Pseudomonas putida].

PMID- 6599729
TI  - [The Paterson chew-in--analysis of the compensatory curve with changes in the
      anterior region].

PMID- 6599730
TI  - [Effect of dentin/enamel or dentin/cementum fragments on the chronology of wound
      healing following tooth extraction. Histological study in rats].

PMID- 6599731
TI  - [The ANB angle in several world populations].

PMID- 6599732
TI  - [Reimplantation of teeth with endodontic therapy and root surfaces treated with
      calcium hydroxide. Histological study in rats].

PMID- 6599733
TI  - [Subcutaneous implantation of dentin tubules filled with calcium hydroxide.
      Histological study in rats].

PMID- 6599734
TI  - [Effect of microcrystalline collagen on wound healing following tooth extraction.
      Histological study in rats].

PMID- 6599735
TI  - [Pulp reaction in human premolars to calcium hydroxide-based materials (MPC and
      Hypo-cal). Histological study].

PMID- 6599736
TI  - [Wound healing following tooth extraction in rats effected by prednisolone.
      Scanning electron microscopy study].

PMID- 6599737
TI  - [Post-natal changes in the parotid gland of animals born to rats injected with
      parotin. Morphological study].

PMID- 6599738
TI  - [Morphometric study of post-natal changes in the parotid gland of offspring of
      rats injected with various doses of parotin].

PMID- 6599739
TI  - The effect of salivary glands extirpation, duct ligation, and thyroxine
      administration on body weight in rats.

PMID- 6599740
TI  - [Endodontic sealing materials].

PMID- 6599741
TI  - [Agenesis of the third molar in Brazilian Negroes].

PMID- 6599742
TI  - [The use of sodium hypochlorite, paramonochlorophenol and calcium hydroxide in
      pulp necrosis (clinical study of human teeth)].

PMID- 6599743
TI  - [Single-appointment endodontic therapy: an opinion survey of endodontists in
      Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo].

PMID- 6599744
TI  - [Prevalence of the DMF index in students of various socioeconomic levels:
      statistical study].

PMID- 6599746
TI  - [Photomicrographic aspects of the surface roughness of composite resins].

PMID- 6599745
TI  - [The effect of trichlorotrifluoroethane on the wettability of elastomers to type
      III and type IV gypsum].

PMID- 6599748
TI  - [The disposition of children to dental treatment].

PMID- 6599747
TI  - [Subcutaneous connective tissue reaction in rats after implantation of
      restorative dental alloys. Duracast, Idealoy, chromium-cobalt and gold alloys].

PMID- 6599750
TI  - [Report of work at the Military Medicine Academy in 1984].

PMID- 6599749
TI  - [Post-natal development of the submandibular glands of animals born to rats
      injected with Parotin. Morphological study].

PMID- 6599751
TI  - [Pathological anatomy of aphthous lesions].

PMID- 6599752
TI  - [Anti-caries vaccination in humans].

PMID- 6599754
TI  - [Are there specific nutritional requirements for the dento-maxillary system?].

PMID- 6599753
TI  - [Prevention in oral medicine: new data].

PMID- 6599755
TI  - [Aphthae and oral aphthosis].

PMID- 6599756
TI  - [Behcet's disease, epidemiologic, clinical and physiopathologic aspects].

PMID- 6599757
TI  - [Local anesthetic effects of phenol].

PMID- 6599758
TI  - [Effect of sodium arsenite and sodium arsenate on cultured cells].

PMID- 6599759
TI  - [Changes in maxillary protrusion after treatment with Begg's technic. Evaluation
      by factor analysis].

PMID- 6599760
TI  - [Morphology of rib anomalies].

PMID- 6599761
TI  - [The lingual gland of Onychodactylus japonicus--the lingual crypt].

PMID- 6599762
TI  - [Muscle resistance and capacitance at the maximal and minimal time of applied
      finite sine alternating current].

PMID- 6599763
TI  - [Resistance and capacitance of a living body in a constant environment using
      finite sine alternating current].

PMID- 6599764
TI  - [Muscle resistance, capacitance and impedance at the time of maximum potential
      during rest using finite alternating current].

PMID- 6599765
TI  - [An anatomical study of enamel channels].

PMID- 6599766
TI  - [Determination of total fluoride in the blood serum using aluminum fluoride
      molecular absorption spectrometry].

PMID- 6599767
TI  - [Dental health surveys of the inhabitants of Kitadaito Island (1). Oral health
      status of the adult population].

PMID- 6599768
TI  - [An anatomical study of the teeth in Hynobius tokyoensis].

PMID- 6599769
TI  - [Dental abnormalities of the deciduous canine and the permanent lateral incisor
      in the same patient].

PMID- 6599770
TI  - [Electrical resistance of dental cements].

PMID- 6599771
TI  - [Vitamin C content during the processing of tomatoes in the industrial
      preparation of tomato paste].

PMID- 6599772
TI  - [Biopsy as a diagnostic method: its use by dentists].

PMID- 6599773
TI  - [Comparative study of the thermoluminescence of x ray-irradiated human and bovine
      teeth].

PMID- 6599774
TI  - Utilization of dichotomography (Almeida's radiographic technique) in endodontics.

PMID- 6599775
TI  - Hemolytic effect of detergent solutions used in endodontics and in the
      laboratory. Screening test in erythrocytes in vitro.

PMID- 6599776
TI  - [Indices of disease occurrence, calculus and oral hygiene in children 7-12 years
      of age and their relation to age, sex and economic conditions].

PMID- 6599778
TI  - [Relation between birth weight, sex and type of delivery, at the Hospital of
      Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo].

PMID- 6599777
TI  - [The reversibility of physiological changes in rats with hypervitaminosis A].

PMID- 6599779
TI  - Porosity of some gypsum products used in dentistry.

PMID- 6599780
TI  - [Acute leukemia manifested by an initial cutaneous localization].

PMID- 6599781
TI  - Effects of prophylactic irradiation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the
      central nervous system of children.
AB  - The development of prophylactic therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in
      the central nervous system in children has resulted in an improvement of the
      prognosis and prolongation of patients' lives. On the other hand, late
      irradiation effects have increased with the improvement of the prognosis.
      Therefore, there is now an important need to lessen these late effects without
      deteriorating the prognosis. We have investigated the recurrence rate, the
      survival rate and the cause of death of ALL patients who were divided into a none
      prophylactic irradiation group and 15 Gy, 20 Gy and 24 Gy irradiation groups. The
      results show that the effect of prophylactic irradiation has been more effective
      in the 20 Gy group than that of the 24 Gy group. Furthermore, brain atrophy and
      leukoencephalopathy, which were investigated by X-ray CT in long-term survivors
      of post-prophylactic irradiation without recurrence, have been less in the 20 Gy
      group than in that of the 24 Gy group. This report presents the result that the
      most favorable dose for prophylactic irradiation for central nervous system
      leukemia of ALL in children is 20 Gy by a step-up method.

PMID- 6599782
TI  - Induction of labour and termination of missed abortions with enzaprost.

PMID- 6599783
TI  - The palatal rugae in forensic odonto-stomatology.

PMID- 6599784
TI  - Registration of bite marks: a preliminary report.

PMID- 6599785
TI  - The permanent mandibular third molar. Its value in age determination.

PMID- 6599786
TI  - An oral pathology profile of a group of juvenile delinquents.

PMID- 6599787
TI  - The uniqueness of amalgam restorations for identification.

PMID- 6599788
TI  - Possible amalgam damage to lenticular glass during tooth restoration.

PMID- 6599789
TI  - Developments in cranio-facial superimposition for identification.

PMID- 6599790
TI  - A case of non-identification by denture.

PMID- 6599791
TI  - The pattern of facial fractures as an aid in forensic odonto-stomatology with
      special reference to the Cape coloured population group.

PMID- 6599792
TI  - A comparison of two methods of tooth preparation in a scanning electron
      microscopy study of transparent root dentine.

PMID- 6599793
TI  - The identification of 2 victims of fire.

PMID- 6599795
TI  - The age of a tooth fracture: its determination. A case report.

PMID- 6599794
TI  - The first cervical vertebra: a plausible parameter for use in forensic
      identification?

PMID- 6599796
TI  - Teeth and alveolar bone for blood grouping. A case report.

PMID- 6599797
TI  - A case of stomatitis venenata.

PMID- 6599798
TI  - Induction of labour and termination of pregnancy following intrauterine death
      with enzaprost.

PMID- 6599799
TI  - [7th symposium of the Working Group for Osteology. 5-6 May 1983, Vienna.
      Abstracts].

PMID- 6599800
TI  - [Syndrome of dysorexia, sialomegaly and amenorrhea in a young Sengalese woman].

PMID- 6599801
TI  - The mesial root of the third mandibular molar. A possible indicator of age.

PMID- 6599802
TI  - Probabilities of dental characteristics.

PMID- 6599804
TI  - A case of non-identification in which marine biology played a role.

PMID- 6599803
TI  - Child abuse and a bite mark. A case report.

PMID- 6599805
TI  - [Disorders of centric occlusion in the light of intraoral recordings--a trial of
      systematization of these disorders].

PMID- 6599806
TI  - [The effect of certain materials used for preparation of prosthetic crowns on the
      marginal gingiva].

PMID- 6599807
TI  - [Comparison of the incidence and intensity of temporomandibular arthropathy using
      the Helkimo index].

PMID- 6599808
TI  - [Calcified odontogenic cyst: presentation of a case].

PMID- 6599810
TI  - [The use of a group therapy technic as an adjunct to the resolution of dental
      problems].

PMID- 6599809
TI  - [Experiences with a model education plan for dental caries prevention using self
      applied fluoride mouthwashes].

PMID- 6599811
TI  - [Root canal filling materials].

PMID- 6599812
TI  - [A case of a lower canine 39mm in length].

PMID- 6599813
TI  - [Status of the permanent 1st molars in 1,202 students 7-14-years of age in the
      city of Salvador].

PMID- 6599814
TI  - [Atypical course of type-A Niemann-Pick disease].

PMID- 6599815
TI  - Reactivity to the electric shocks and motor depression as a consequence of
      inescapable shocking: the effect of acute lisuride treatment.

PMID- 6599816
TI  - Reactivity to the electric shocks and motor depression as a consequence of
      inescapable shocking: the effect of chronic bromocriptine treatment.

PMID- 6599817
TI  - The role of platelets in coronary artery disease.

PMID- 6599818
TI  - The importance of examination of haemostasis for the diagnosis of deep vein
      thrombosis.

PMID- 6599819
TI  - Some possibilities of protection against acetylcholinesterase inhibition by
      organophosphates in vivo.

PMID- 6599820
TI  - The effect of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha on the vascular bed of the isolated
      perfused rabbit liver during perfusion with the erythrocyte-free medium and
      autologous blood.

PMID- 6599821
TI  - The reactivation of O-isopropylmethylphosphonylated acetylcholinesterase and its
      modification by some non-acylating ligands.

PMID- 6599822
TI  - [Role of efficiency in making decisions in the field of public health
      management].

PMID- 6599823
TI  - A program for selective averaging based on the signal-to-noise ratio criterion.

PMID- 6599824
TI  - Content of sugars in insoluble elastin isolated by three different methods.

PMID- 6599825
TI  - Radiation damage and its repair after local X-ray irradiation of the head of the
      rats protected with cystamine.

PMID- 6599827
TI  - Possibilities and problems of immunodiagnosis in patients with gynaecological
      carcinomas.

PMID- 6599826
TI  - Endocrinological view of ageing and climacteric syndrome in women.

PMID- 6599828
TI  - [Working Group on Clinical Respiratory Physiology: 1983 work session. Bad
      Gleichenberg, 13-15 October 1983. Abstracts].

PMID- 6599829
TI  - [Diagnosis of interatrial communications using contrast echocardiography].
AB  - M-mode contrast echocardiography with peripheral venous injections was performed
      in 73 patients with interatrial communications: 48 (group 1) had a
      hemodynamically significant atrial septal defect (ASD), 19 (group 2) had a patent
      foramen ovale (PFO) without clinical or oxymetric evidence of a shunt. The
      remaining 6 (group 3) had an interatrial communication in combination with severe
      additional congenital malformations predisposing to a right to left (R-L) shunt.
      Contrast studies were considered positive for a shunt lesion when at least five
      clearly recognizable contrast echoes appeared in the left heart following one
      injection. During quiet respiration positive contrast studies were obtained in
      85% of all ASD patients (including all 10 with Eisenmenger's reaction and 31/38
      [82%] uncomplicated cases); in 37% of the PFO cases (including 3/13 with normal
      right heart pressures), and in 53/73 (73%) of all patients with interatrial
      communications. The intensity of contrast shunting was variable in all groups.
      Opacification of the mitral funnel (which is typical for an atrial level shunt)
      was observed in 45 patients. In 8 patients with positive studies the few contrast
      echoes, that appeared in the left heart were first seen after they had left the
      mitral valve. Contrast injections into the pulmonary artery were performed in a
      control group of 29 patients. No contrast appeared in the left heart as expected.
      In 57 patients (39 ASD, 17 PFO, 1 group 3) contrast studies were also performed
      during the Valsalva maneuver. Valsalva provocation resulted in increased contrast
      shunting in 19, led to new mitral funnel opacification in 9 and improved the
      sensitivity of contrast echocardiography by 9 and 26% in ASD and PFO cases
      respectively. The intensity of contrast shunting was largely independent of the
      hemodynamic findings and was often variable upon subsequent injections in the
      same patient. Therefore contrast echocardiography is not helpful in predicting
      the L-R shunt or the pulmonary artery pressure and does not seem suited for
      follow-up studies. The differentiation between true contrast echoes in the left
      heart and artifacts, noise echoes, "overload", or incomplete mitral structures
      and the differentiation between interatrial and interventricular contrast
      shunting is usually easy. However the distinction between a hemodynamically
      significant ASD and pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas, certain venous anomalies or
      a patent foramen ovale may be difficult or even impossible by contrast
      echocardiographic criteria alone. Resting two-dimensional contrast
      echocardiograms were recorded in 57 patients including 34 with ASD, 18 with PFO
      and 5 from group 3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6599830
TI  - [Regional liver circulation and scintigraphic imaging of portal circulation with
      133Xe].
AB  - Regional hepatic blood flow has been determined by 4 methods with the aid of the
      133Xe washout technique: scintisplenoportography (direct application of 133Xe
      into the spleen by means of a thin needle); arterial method (133Xe is injected
      into the A. hepatica by means of a catheter); retrograde-venous method (133Xe
      administered by an occluding hepatic vein catheter); percutaneous intrahepatic
      method (133Xe administered directly into the parenchyma by means of a Chiba
      needle). Ad 1.: Scintisplenoportography (SSP) was executed with 97 patients: 8
      patients with a healthy liver presented a hepatic blood flow of 103.37 +/- 11.5
      ml/100 g/min. 4 patients with a chronic hepatitis showed a hepatic blood flow of
      105.67 +/- 10.2 ml/100 g/min. In 38 patients with compensated cirrhosis, hepatic
      blood flow was determined with 58.15 +/- 11.5 ml/100 g/min and 19 patients with
      decompensated cirrhosis showed a blood flow of 34.54 +/- 7.2 ml/100 g/min. Of the
      19 patients, who did not present any liver image, 2 patients suffered from a
      prehepatic block, 1 patient (female) from a posthepatic block, the rest were
      decompensated cirrhoses. In 5 patients suffering from steatosis only collateral
      circulation was determined and in 4 patients the spleen could not be punctured.
      In the patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis of the liver,
      hepatic blood flow differentiated significantly (p less than 0.001) from patients
      with healthy livers and chronic hepatitis. In the patients with bioptically
      assured steatosis only the washout constant was determined. Reproducibility of
      this method was tested in 4 patients and no statistical difference of hepatic
      blood flow values could be found and the correlation coefficient amounted to
      0.9856. The advantage of SSP lies in the possibility of recording the portal vein
      circulation: cranial collaterals were found in 33 patients, 2 patients had caudal
      collaterals exclusively and 29 patients cranial and caudal collaterals. 33
      cirrhosis patients presented evidence of hepatic shunts. In nearly all patients
      hepatic blood flow was higher in the right lobe than in the left. Ad 2.: Arterial
      method was executed in 26 patients: 2 patients with healthy livers had a hepatic
      blood flow of 89.85 +/- 2.9 ml/100 g/min, 19 compensated cirrhoses with 49.28 +/-
      11 ml/100 g/min and 3 decompensated cirrhoses with 36.43 +/- 3.4 ml/100 g/min.
      Patients suffering from cirrhosis demonstrated significantly lower hepatic blood
      flow than patients with healthy livers (p less than 0.001). In arterial
      application also, with the exception of a single patient, the values for hepatic
      blood flow were higher for the right than the left lobe of the liver.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 6599831
TI  - Extended wear contact lenses.

PMID- 6599832
TI  - Essential hypertension--therapeutic implications of epidemiological risk
      estimation.
AB  - Epidemiological studies have repeatedly shown a relationship between blood
      pressure and the risk of disease and death. With rare exceptions, such studies
      have demonstrated a steadily increasing level of risk throughout the entire range
      of systolic and diastolic blood pressure with no evidence of a threshold for
      blood pressure-related changes in morbidity and mortality. Estimates based on
      community prevalence and attributable risk indicate that the majority of blood
      pressure-related cardiovascular complications can be attributed to the effects of
      only slight increases in blood pressure. Any attempt to substantially reduced
      blood pressure-related morbidity and mortality in the community mandates
      treatment of a large number of asymptomatic subjects who, on average, have only a
      slight increase in absolute risk. The most appealing public health approach to
      the epidemic of blood pressure-related complications in Western countries is the
      combined use of mass and high risk treatment strategies. Mass strategies could
      include a number of non-pharmacological interventions which aim to slightly shift
      the entire distribution of blood pressure, whereas high risk strategies are based
      on the more traditional combined drug and non-drug approach to antihypertensive
      therapy of subjects in the upper end of the blood pressure distribution. At
      present the efficacy and practicality of community-based non-pharmacological
      interventions remains unproven. In addition, several important questions related
      to antihypertensive drug administration require clarification.

PMID- 6599833
TI  - Bilateral ranulae in a neonate: a case report.

PMID- 6599835
TI  - A histochemical study of oxytalan fibres in oral submucous fibrosis.

PMID- 6599834
TI  - Toxic shock syndrome: dental implications and guidelines.

PMID- 6599836
TI  - Salivary content in hemodialysed patients.

PMID- 6599837
TI  - Temporomandibular joint ankylosis due to Maduromycetoma caused by Madurella
      mycetomy.

PMID- 6599838
TI  - Assessment of dental patients' comprehension of health questionnaire.

PMID- 6599839
TI  - Oral implications of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

PMID- 6599840
TI  - HLA-A,B,C, and HLA-DR antigens and dendritic cells in fresh and organ culture
      preserved corneas.
AB  - Fresh and organ-culture preserved human corneas were examined for HLA-A,B,C
      (class I) and HLA-DR (class II) histocompatibility antigens using mouse
      monoclonal antibodies and an indirect immunofluorescence technique. HLA-A,B,C
      antigens were detected on epithelial cells and on keratocytes, but not on
      endothelial cells in fresh corneas. The expression of HLA-A,B,C antigens was not
      significantly altered by organ-culture for a period up to 7 days. The epithelial
      cell layer bearing the larger part of the HLA-A,B,C antigens decreased, however,
      from 6-7 layers to 2-3 during organ culture. HLA-DR antigens were not detected on
      any of the corneal layers, but were present on scattered dendritic cells within
      the corneal epithelium and on cells in the corneal stroma just beneath the
      Bowman's membrane. Using immunofluorescence, no cells bearing HLA-DR antigens
      were seen in cornea sections obtained after 1 week in organ-culture. These
      results demonstrate that the presence of HLA antigens, particularly of the HLA-DR
      antigens, is affected by the organ-culture preservation of the human cornea.

PMID- 6599841
TI  - Acute proptosis in myeloid leukaemia.

PMID- 6599842
TI  - [Neurophysiological (evoked auditory and somatosensory potentials) and
      neuroradiological (cranial CT) study in patients with olivopontocerebellar
      atrophy].
AB  - Thirteen patients affected by either dominant or recessive and/or sporadic
      olivopontocerebellar atrophy were studied. All patients were subjected to
      auditory evoked potential recordings including early and long latency components,
      CT scans, vestibular and EMG-ENG examinations. In nine patients somatosensory
      evoked potentials were also recorded. Clear-cut abnormalities in brainstem
      auditory evoked potentials were observed in only two patients while a slight
      reduction of the IV-V/I amplitude ratio was found in seven cases. N85 was
      increased in two patients. The main feature of somatosensory evoked potentials
      abnormalities was a delayed N20 in association with prolonged N13-N20 central
      conduction time (five patients). For all patients the CT scan varying degrees of
      cerebellar and brainstem atrophy. There was no clear correlation between the
      abnormalities revealed by neurophysiological and neuroradiological investigations
      and the severity and duration of the illness. It is noteworthy that auditory
      and/or somatosensory evoked potential changes were found in all dominant
      olivopontocerebellar atrophy patients.

PMID- 6599843
TI  - Uniform cartilage differentiation in micromass cultures prepared from a
      relatively homogeneous population of chondrogenic progenitor cells of the chick
      limb bud: effect of prostaglandins.

PMID- 6599844
TI  - Medical basis of psychiatry: a reexamination of values and principles.

PMID- 6599845
TI  - Psychiatric presentations of cancer and sequelae of treatment.

PMID- 6599846
TI  - The psychosocial aspect of medicine.

PMID- 6599847
TI  - Life events and hypochondriacal concerns.
AB  - In a study of 165 employees of a retail firm, life events were associated with
      several hypochondriacal concerns and with most of the self-rating distress
      scales. Life events related to illness and death were associated with fear of
      disease and showed weak associations with somatic symptoms and anxiety. Life
      events unrelated to illness and death were associated with hypochondriacal
      beliefs, bodily preoccupations, fear of death, and most of the distress scales.
      Illness and death do not appear to be common recent precipitants of
      hypochondriacal concerns in a normal population. One of the reasons for the
      observed associations appears to be that preoccupation with illness and death can
      occur at times of distress, regardless of the nature of the recent stressful life
      events.

PMID- 6599848
TI  - Emotional distress in internship and residency: a questionnaire study.

PMID- 6599849
TI  - Ego defense mechanisms among medical house officers.

PMID- 6599850
TI  - Psychiatric, psychosocial, and endocrine correlates of acute necrotizing
      ulcerative gingivitis (trench mouth): a preliminary report.

PMID- 6599851
TI  - The role of computed tomography of the brain in psychiatry.

PMID- 6599852
TI  - Medical and psychiatric features of systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 6599853
TI  - Postpartum psychosis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 6599854
TI  - The impact of misdiagnosis on nursing home placement.

PMID- 6599855
TI  - Selective referral versus routine screening in clinical EEG assessment of
      psychiatric inpatients.

PMID- 6599856
TI  - Self-monitoring of consultation outcomes.

PMID- 6599857
TI  - Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: an underrecognized cause of psychiatric symptoms.

PMID- 6599858
TI  - Expert witness?

PMID- 6599859
TI  - Issues in geriatric medicine. Part I.

PMID- 6599860
TI  - Psychiatric manifestations of physical illness in the elderly.

PMID- 6599861
TI  - Signs of cortical disinhibition in neuropsychiatric disorders.

PMID- 6599863
TI  - The blood transfusion services in Malaysia.

PMID- 6599862
TI  - Relationship between nutrition and dementia in the elderly.
AB  - The complexities of physiologic interactions between the nutritional status of
      the aged and the incidence of dementia in the elderly should be obvious from this
      partial survey of the field. Investigations aimed at delineating the role of
      individual nutrients in mentation among the elderly are extremely difficult to
      design and perform. However, the potential for practical applications of the
      results is indeed very high. The studies discussed in this article permit the
      following conclusions. Although many attempts have been made to enhance average
      life expectancy through nutritional manipulation, no such panacea currently
      exists. There is a well-documented decrease in caloric intake among the elderly.
      However, this does not seem to put them at any higher risk of developing overt
      deficiencies of specific nutrients. The elderly population in this country has a
      strong tendency to consume nutritional supplements, with vitamins C and E being
      the most popular. It is unknown at present whether this practice has any health
      value. Several attempts have been made to alter the course of dementia in the
      elderly through nutritional means. Attempts to ameliorate the symptoms of
      Alzheimer's disease through use of choline and lecithin have been overwhelmingly
      unsuccessful. The postulate that aluminum toxicity is an etiologic factor in this
      disease remains unproven, and therapies with chelating agents are not now
      advisable. Vitamin B12 has to be seriously considered as a causative factor in
      dementia; it is hoped that methods to test vitamin B12 nutriture in humans that
      are both more reliable and more capable of revealing marginal deficiency states
      will emerge. Although folic acid is intimately related biochemically and
      nutritionally to vitamin B12, its potential role in normal mental function
      remains largely unknown. Clearly, when considering nutrition and dementia in the
      elderly, there are many areas that still require thorough scientific
      investigation. Hopefully, the future will see an increase in research activity,
      resulting in answers to many of the questions posed in this paper.

PMID- 6599864
TI  - The histopathology laboratory services in Malaysia.

PMID- 6599865
TI  - The immunoassay services in Malaysia.

PMID- 6599866
TI  - A comparison of six selective media for the enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus
      in foods.

PMID- 6599867
TI  - The pathology of the nephrotic syndrome in Malaysians.

PMID- 6599868
TI  - The chemical pathology laboratory services in Malaysia.

PMID- 6599869
TI  - Coming together to attain mutual goals and solve mutual problems.

PMID- 6599870
TI  - If the sky is falling, what are we doing under it?

PMID- 6599871
TI  - Universe study tells us how many registered nurses work in operating rooms.

PMID- 6599872
TI  - Disagreement with eye article.

PMID- 6599873
TI  - Who is the moral agent?

PMID- 6599874
TI  - Pediatric airway obstruction. Nursing care of the patient undergoing endoscopy.

PMID- 6599875
TI  - Hepatitis B exposures. A study of the risks and costs.

PMID- 6599876
TI  - Custom open heart packs. Evaluating their use in the OR.

PMID- 6599877
TI  - Product sterilization. Why industry uses radiation.
AB  - Industry uses gamma radiation sterilization because of its superior reliability,
      safety, and cost savings over the EO fumigation method. EO has many processing
      variables and is toxic and expensive. The Environmental Protection Agency has
      recently declared EO to be both mutagenic and carcinogenic. The residual EO in
      hospital products has been reported to adversely affect hospital workers. Unlike
      EO fumigation, radiation sterilization imparts no toxic residuals. The coloration
      and embrittlement problems experienced earlier with some products sterilized by
      gamma radiation are being overcome with the introduction of new manufacturing
      materials and lower radiation dosages. Other benefits of radiation sterilization
      include the option of sterilizing some materials that could not otherwise be
      sterilized and using new types of packaging to better protect the products and
      increase shelf-life. The emphasis now being placed on cost containment for health
      care products will be another significant part of the answer to why industry uses
      gamma radiation sterilization.

PMID- 6599878
TI  - Internal marketing is a must for successful ambulatory surgery center.

PMID- 6599879
TI  - When is the RN first assistant protected by institutional policy?

PMID- 6599880
TI  - AORN official statement on RN first assistants.

PMID- 6599881
TI  - Nursing's image encompasses more than the reflection of ourselves.

PMID- 6599883
TI  - Leukocyte chemotaxis.

PMID- 6599882
TI  - Nursing grand rounds is one way to improve nursing's image.

PMID- 6599884
TI  - Proceedings of the 43rd annual conference of the All India Ophthalmological
      Society. Cochin.

PMID- 6599885
TI  - Saccadic underactions in concomitant convergent squint.

PMID- 6599886
TI  - Dominant eye surgery in exodeviation.

PMID- 6599887
TI  - Retinal visual acuity in cataractous eyes.

PMID- 6599888
TI  - Topical corticosteroids and cataract.

PMID- 6599889
TI  - Extracapsular cataract surgery.

PMID- 6599890
TI  - Intraocular lens implantation.

PMID- 6599891
TI  - Intraocular lenses in children.

PMID- 6599892
TI  - Ambulatory intraocular lens implant surgery.

PMID- 6599893
TI  - Intraocular lenses and glaucoma.

PMID- 6599894
TI  - Retinal visual acuity in myopia.

PMID- 6599895
TI  - Role of soft contact lens in ocular surface problems.

PMID- 6599896
TI  - Behaviour of cone of keratoconus under a well fitted hard contact lens.

PMID- 6599897
TI  - Light differential threshold studies of reattached retina and macula.

PMID- 6599898
TI  - Aqueous humour cytology in retinoblastoma.

PMID- 6599899
TI  - Role of circular cornea incisions in myopia ('a long term follow up').

PMID- 6599900
TI  - Central retinal vein occlusion.

PMID- 6599902
TI  - Forensic psychiatry.

PMID- 6599901
TI  - Cystoid macular oedema.

PMID- 6599903
TI  - Assaults by inpatients: frequency and liability.

PMID- 6599904
TI  - The utility of the dexamethasone suppression test in affective disorder
      associated with multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 6599905
TI  - The value of DST in unipolar depression.

PMID- 6599907
TI  - A multiple site psychiatry clinical clerkship.

PMID- 6599906
TI  - Tricyclic precipitation of steroid psychosis.

PMID- 6599908
TI  - Factitious psychiatric disorders: diagnostic and etiologic considerations.

PMID- 6599909
TI  - Missed physical diagnosis: conceptual and moral comments on the psychiatrist
      patient relationship.
AB  - Diagnosis is an important element in the therapeutic alliance. It informs
      treatment and management decisions in the interests of the patient. The relative
      and discretionary factors in diagnosis are prominent in psychiatry. The
      problematic nature of psychiatric diagnoses and the difficulty in demarcating
      physical from psychic disorders suggests an approach to patients with psychiatric
      symptoms that is alert to possible somatic causes. The well-being of the patient
      is primary in the therapeutic exchange. Thus, the moral principle to "do no harm"
      prevails. The potential costs to patients from missed physical diagnosis counsels
      an open attitude by psychiatrists in the diagnostic process. There are moral,
      scientific, and professional reasons to support this approach. Ultimately, the
      good of the patient and the good of the profession require it.

PMID- 6599910
TI  - On transferring certain patients from medicine to psychiatry: a biopsychosocial
      analysis of turfing.
AB  - Turfing is a process by which unwanted patients are transferred from one hospital
      service to another for a variety of biopsychosocial reasons. Turfing results from
      a complex cost-benefit analysis conducted by physicians who are influenced by
      personal and institutional pressures, as well as by the patients' specific
      clinical problems, illness behaviors, and personality. A set of interventions
      that deal comprehensively with such phenomena must take all these influences into
      account.

PMID- 6599911
TI  - [Cytogenetic study of intracranial tumors].
AB  - A cytogenetic study was made in 17 human brain tumors (12 astrocytomas, 4
      meningiomas and 1 ependymoma) to know the value of in vitro tissue culture
      procedures for the chromosomal analysis of said neoplasms. The obtained data were
      compared with the observation of direct samples of the same tumors in order to
      differentiate neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells proliferating in vitro. It was
      shown the validity of the tissue culture technique for the cytogenetic analysis
      of brain tumors. The most frequent abnormality was hypodiploidy with involvement
      of number 22 chromosome. Some ependymomas had a triploid set of chromosomes.
      Gliomas showed abnormalities involving mainly number 1, 2, 7, 11 and 22
      chromosomes.

PMID- 6599912
TI  - [Cytogenetic study of ascitic and pleural exudates].
AB  - Chromosome examination was made in direct samples of ascitic and pleural
      effusions from 58 patients; 10 of them were also studied after being cultured in
      vitro. Diagnostic cytogenetic analysis allowed a correct diagnosis of malignancy
      in 91 per 100 of the cases, higher than the 73.4 per 100 obtained in the same
      series by diagnostic cytology. There was a great variability in the chromosomes
      number of malignant tumors, without any correlation with tumor type.

PMID- 6599913
TI  - [In vitro study of hepatic cells].
AB  - The growth of liver cells in short term tissue cultures was followed by time
      lapse microcinematography. It was possible to differentiate three types of
      sinusoidal cells and to analyze the relations they establish with the liver
      parenchymal cells.

PMID- 6599914
TI  - [Textural modifications in hepatocytes as a result of the action of N
      nitrosomorpholine].

PMID- 6599915
TI  - [Distribution of electric charges in 2 substances inducing tumor cell
      regression].
AB  - The charge distribution of anti-cancer molecules 4-thiazolidine-carboxylic acid
      and 2-amino-2-thiazoline hydrochloride was calculated with a CNDO/2 semiempiral
      quantum mechanic method. The activity seems to be related with the formation of
      Zn2+ and Mn2+ ions. Both molecules show local isosterism, origin of their
      chelating properties.

PMID- 6599916
TI  - [Transport systems and lactate metabolism in lines of Ehrlich ascites tumor].
AB  - Two lines of mouse Ehrlich ascites cancer differing in the rate of aerobic
      glycolysis were employed. Both lines use lactate and show oxidizing action upon
      cytosol NADH. The obtained results indicate the possibility that cytosol NADH
      reoxidation is partly independent of the mitochondrial respiratory system.

PMID- 6599917
TI  - [Metabolism of nitrogen in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells: role of glutamine and
      ammonium].
AB  - The amount of ammonium ion in both plasma and ascites fluid from mice inoculated
      with Ehrlich ascites cancer was studied. The ammonium ion increases as tumor
      grows and is probably produced during the glutamine metabolism of cancer cells.

PMID- 6599918
TI  - [Study of an inhibitor of lymphocyte proliferation present in spleen extracts].
AB  - The spleen factor inhibiting the lymphoblastic transformation after mitogenic
      stimulation was concentrated thirty times by chromatography of spleen extracts.
      The inhibiting factor has a molecular weight of 3,000 D.

PMID- 6599919
TI  - [The antiblastogram technic: application possibilities and limitations].
AB  - The technique of the antiblastogram is described. The antiblastogram is used for
      the in vitro study of anti-cancer chemotherapy agents and predictive drug
      testing.

PMID- 6599920
TI  - [Design and synthesis of anticancer drugs].
AB  - The authors write about the importance of rational design and organic synthesis
      for the development of anti-cancer drugs. They give some examples of new
      alkylating agents and nucleoside antimetabolites.

PMID- 6599921
TI  - [Inducers of differentiation and reversal of cancer].
AB  - Some considerations about the epigenetic aspects of cancer are done, together
      with a theoretical evaluation of cancer therapy based on tumor cell
      normalization.

PMID- 6599922
TI  - [The possible role of cellular proto-oncogenes in early embryonic development].
AB  - A brief review about the possible role of cell protooncogenes in embryonal
      development and neoplastic transformation is presented.

PMID- 6599923
TI  - Psammoma bodies in endocrine tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic axis: a rather
      common occurrence.
AB  - Seventeen of 204 cases of gastroenteropancreatic tumors contained psammoma bodies
      (8%). Of these 17, ten were B cell tumors, representing 33% of the B cell tumors
      studied. Three tumors of the appendix and four tumors of the small bowel also had
      psammoma bodies. Electron microscopic studies revealed that the bodies appeared
      to have two possible sites of origin: intracellular (type I) and intraluminal
      from secretory products of the tumor cells (type II). Awareness by surgical
      pathologists of the fact that variable degrees of calcification in endocrine
      tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic system is a rather common occurrence may be
      important, especially in frozen section diagnosis.

PMID- 6599925
TI  - Topics in diagnostic neuropathology.

PMID- 6599924
TI  - Surgical pathology of gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors masquerading
      clinically as common polyps.
AB  - We report 12 cases of silent neuroendocrine neoplasms of the stomach and proximal
      duodenum masquerading clinically as common polyps. Five lesions were in the
      stomach, while seven were in the duodenum. Excision by endoscopic polypectomy
      usually did not remove all neoplastic tissue. The prognosis of these lesions is
      good even when the tumors are incompletely resected, although bleeding and
      secretory-product-related morbidity may precipitate surgery. Morphologic features
      by light or electron microscopy were not predictive of any given secretory
      product(s).

PMID- 6599926
TI  - Bone tumor pathology.

PMID- 6599927
TI  - Giant cell tumor of the small bones of the hands and feet.
AB  - Giant cell tumor of bone uncommonly occurs in the bones of the hands and feet.
      Previous reports suggested that the giant cell tumors in these locations occur in
      younger patients, are more commonly multifocal, and are associated with a higher
      risk for local recurrence and pulmonary metastasis than those at the ends of the
      long bones. A review of our experience with 43 patients having giant cell tumors
      in small bones is presented. Radiologic and histologic comparison is made with
      aneurysmal bone cyst and giant cell reparative granuloma (giant cell lesion) of
      the small bones. Followup information indicates that giant cell tumors of the
      small bones do occur in younger patients and appear to have a greater propensity
      for local recurrence than those of the long bones. As the lesions may be
      multifocal, a patient with documented giant cell tumor of the small bones should
      have a skeletal survey to search for other lesions.

PMID- 6599928
TI  - Primary central (medullary) fibrosarcoma of bone.
AB  - Eighty cases of primary fibrosarcoma of bone from the Rizzoli Institute are
      reviewed. There was a slight male predominance with a wide patient age
      distribution. Roentgenologically, low grade fibrosarcomas had generally well
      defined margins and a "soap-bubble" appearance. High grade tumors appeared
      permeative and more aggressive. Histologically, the majority of tumors were high
      grade (3 and 4). Prognosis correlated well with the grade of the tumor. The 10
      year survival rate was 83% for low grade sarcomas and 34% for high grade tumors.
      Local recurrence was a bad prognostic sign.

PMID- 6599929
TI  - Immunohistochemistry.

PMID- 6599930
TI  - [Recited depression].
AB  - Several subjects who tell their depression and play a part of it in front of the
      doctor without being really depressed are reported. Some of them try to hide the
      symptoms (irritability or erethism, ceremonials of obsessive neurosis, shunning
      of phobia) which, in their opinion, might be detrimental to their reputation.
      Others neglect to describe some of the symptoms of their polymorphous clinical
      picture only underlining the depressive signs. Some others play a part of
      depression because they have believed to recognize themselves in persons
      presented by mass media, because it seems to them a duty to show an adequate
      depression in case of mournful event, or because they "convert" their problem
      into a depression. Some others use depression as a blackmail, or to obtain an
      advantage from doctor's conviction about their illness. The reason for the high
      frequency of similar cases in the present time are examined: the scientific
      divulgation and the acceptance of depression by the modern society are among the
      most important ones. The peculiar semantic vicissitudes of the word depression
      are also reviewed. A widening of the boundaries of depression has contributed to
      an increase in the number of the cases. Finally, in addition to patients who are
      depressed without being aware of it, the authors focus the inverse possibility:
      patients who believed or try to make their doctor believe (playing the part of
      depression in front of them) that they are depressed.

PMID- 6599931
TI  - [Drop attack as the only symptom of type 1 Chiari malformation. Illustration by a
      case].
AB  - An unusual case of Chiari type I malformation is presented. The only symptom was
      a "drop attack" during sneezing or coughing. The possible pathogenetic mechanisms
      are briefly reviewed and the good results of the surgical therapy are stressed.

PMID- 6599932
TI  - [Multiple intracranial aneurysms associated with arteriovenous malformation.
      Clinical case].
AB  - A case of intracranial multiple aneurysms associated with a giant arteriovenous
      malformation is reported. Three aneurysms were found arising from the arteries
      feeding the malformation. The patient could not be operated because of his age,
      neurological condition and the size of the arteriovenous malformation. Previously
      reported cases of cerebral aneurysms associated with arteriovenous malformation
      are reviewed. Our case well illustrates the possible role of hemodynamic stresses
      induced by the malformation on the development of the aneurysms.

PMID- 6599933
TI  - [Neurological complications in Behcet's disease].
AB  - A case of unusual Neuro-Behcet syndrome is reported. Four years of follow-up
      revealed at beginning later the occurrence of acute meningoencephalitis
      caractherized by two convulsive fits. CSF examination revealed high albumin and
      cells contents. CT examination of the head was negative. Incomplete clinical
      improvement was obtained by using steroids. Differential diagnosis is finally
      discussed.

PMID- 6599934
TI  - [Opsoclonus-ataxia syndrome. Description of a case].
AB  - This report describes an 18-year-old woman who, after a febrile illness,
      developed opsoclonus, truncal ataxia and mild body tremulousness. The oculomotor
      disorder was documented by electro-oculography. The results of extensive
      neurological investigations, including CT scan, visual, auditory and somesthetic
      evoked potentials, nuclear magnetic resonance and complete cerebrospinal fluid
      evaluation, were negative. The patient recovered completely within about 1 month.
      After having thoroughly analyzed the pertinent literature, we conclude that the
      pathogenetic hypothesis of direct encephalitic damage is unproved, and that these
      peculiar unwanted ocular movements can be explained by assuming an abnormality of
      "pause" cell control over saccadic "burst" neurons.

PMID- 6599935
TI  - Desensitization. III: The role of lymphokines in the maintenance of the anergic
      state during desensitization.
AB  - Desensitization with respect to cellular immunity can be achieved by the systemic
      administration of large doses of antigen. We have demonstrated two patterns of
      reactivity during the desensitized state. Early in desensitization, the animal is
      hyporesponsive to both antigen and preformed lymphokine (skin reactive factor,
      SRF). In the later period, the animal can respond normally to preformed
      lymphokine while remaining poorly responsive to antigen. In addition, when
      inflammatory cells (macrophages and neutrophils) from desensitized animals are
      examined, those obtained early show diminished reactivity to a variety of
      chemotactic stimuli. Their capacity to so respond recovers later, during a period
      in which the state of desensitization persists. We have also found that
      nonspecific desensitization can be inhibited by L-fucose, an agent known to
      suppress lymphokine-dependent reactions. These observations, in conjunction with
      previous reports of serum lymphokine activity early in desensitization, are
      consistent with a two-stage mechanism for desensitization.

PMID- 6599936
TI  - Altered differentiation, indefinite growth potential, diminished tumorigenicity,
      and suppressed chimerization potential of hybrids between mouse teratocarcinoma
      cells and thymocytes.
AB  - Hybrids between normal mouse thymocytes and a hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl
      transferase (HGPRT) -deficient, pseudodiploid, multipotent mouse teratocarcinoma
      cell line displayed predominately hypotetraploid modes with differential patterns
      of karyotypic variation and no apparent consistent pattern of chromosome
      segregation. The hybrids failed to express thymocyte antigens Thy-1.2, Lyt-1, and
      Lyt-2, indicating suppression of thymocyte differentiation. Like the
      teratocarcinoma parent, the hybrids had an embryonal carcinoma (EC) stem cell
      component which exhibited indefinite growth potential in vitro and produced
      tumors with multiple pathways of tissue differentiation when injected
      subcutaneously. Hybrids had decreased proportions of EC cells and individually
      unique patterns of differentiation. The tumorigenicity of hybrids was diminished,
      indicating partial suppression of the neoplastic phenotype by the genome of the
      thymocyte parent. The EC parent gave chimerization frequencies of 18.5-19.2%,
      confirming the findings of Dewey et al. that mutant teratocarcinoma cells can be
      used to synthesize chimeric mice. "Selfed" near-tetraploid EC cells gave a
      frequency of 2.3%, showing that an increase in ploidy can reduce, although not
      eliminate, chimerization potential. No chimeras could be detected with hybrids
      (frequency less than 0.65%). Thus, there was no evidence that a thymocyte could
      be "reprogrammed" to participate in new developmental pathways.

PMID- 6599937
TI  - Desensitization. IV: Permeability changes during active and passive
      desensitization.
AB  - The systemic injection of large amounts of specific antigen (active
      desensitization) or exogenous lymphokine-containing preparations (passive
      desensitization) leads to a state of anergy or hyporesponsiveness with respect to
      cellular immunity without effect on antibody production. In the present study, we
      show that desensitization is associated with the suppression of permeability
      alterations at the skin reaction site. This effect is not confined to delayed
      hypersensitivity responses; it is observed in antibody-mediated and
      nonimmunologically induced reactions as well. Thus, although the mechanism of
      desensitization involves the cellular rather than the humoral limb of the immune
      response, it is possible for the expression of a variety of inflammatory
      responses to be modified during this state.

PMID- 6599938
TI  - Fibrin-mediated vascular injury: demonstration of vascular endothelial cell
      retraction in response to soluble fibrin-associated factors.
AB  - Until recently, fibrin deposition has been generally viewed as a ubiquitous, but
      passive, characteristic of both acute and chronic inflammatory processes. An
      increasing number of studies, however, suggest that fibrin deposition and fibrin
      degradation products may play an active role in these reactions, especially in
      the development of tissue edema. As the intravascular-to-extravascular "gateway"
      for movement of fluids, solutes, and cells must pass, the vascular endothelial
      cells may play a crucial regulatory role in this process. Recent evidence
      suggests that the interaction of whole fibrin with endothelial cells may lead to
      endothelial cell injury. This work examines the role of fibrin and fibrinogen
      associated factors (FAF) in the injury of cultured vascular endothelial cells
      (VEC). It was demonstrated that endothelial cell injury, evidenced by retraction
      of the cells, was induced not only by whole fibrin, but also by soluble thrombin
      cleaved products of fibrinogen. This reaction was shown to be specific for
      endothelial cells, nontoxic, and completely reversible. The general biological
      importance of this reaction was further underscored in that active factors could
      be generated from fibrinogen obtained from a number of species. Reproducible,
      quantitative assays of cultured endothelial cell retraction were developed to aid
      in the characterization of the endothelial cell-specific FAFs.

PMID- 6599939
TI  - Murine model of paracoccidioidomycosis. Production of fatal acute pulmonary or
      chronic pulmonary and disseminated disease: immunological and pathological
      observations.
AB  - A model of fatal acute pulmonary or chronic pulmonary and disseminated
      paracoccidioidomycosis was developed by intranasal challenge of young (3-4-week
      old) mice with high doses (2.5-10 X 10(7) units) or low doses (0.1-1 X 10(7)) of
      yeast-phase Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Fatal acute paracoccidioidomycosis was
      dose dependent; 10, 5, and 2.5 X 10(7) viable units of P. brasiliensis produced
      100%, 66%, and 17% mortality, respectively, within 11 days. The pathologic
      picture was that of consolidation with a neutrophil infiltrate. Infection of
      adult (7-8-week-old) mice with even 10 X 10(7) units did not produce acute fatal
      paracoccidioidomycosis. The model of fatal acute paracoccidioidomycosis lends
      itself well to studies of therapeutic intervention. Increasing degrees of chronic
      pulmonary-disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis were produced by pulmonary
      infection of young mice with 0.1-1 X 10(7) viable units of P. brasiliensis.
      Although mice in all groups appeared healthy, pathology in lungs, liver, and
      spleen was evident at 7 and 10 weeks postinfection. Histopathologic observation
      revealed acinonodular granulomatous inflammation. At 12 weeks postinfection,
      there was evidence of less pathology, and of clearing of abscesses. In contrast
      to the pathology produced by 0.1 X 10(7) P. brasiliensis in young mice, no
      pathology evident on gross examination was produced by a similar dose in adult
      mice. Immunological evaluations of mice with chronic pulmonary-disseminated
      disease showed that spleen cells, but not lymph node cells, had significantly
      depressed blastogenic responses to concanavalin A (ConA) early after infection.
      However, at 12 weeks postinfection, when pathological examination indicated
      beginning resolution of infection, spleen cell responses to ConA were normal. The
      model of chronic disease is of interest for further immunological studies as
      well.

PMID- 6599940
TI  - Quantitative electron microscopic analysis of changes in peroxisomes and
      endoplasmic reticulum induced in mice during hepatocarcinogenesis by
      diethylnitrosamine promoted by di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate or phenobarbital.
AB  - Histochemical studies have shown that basophilic adenomas and carcinomas develop
      from basophilic foci in mice initiated with N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) and
      promoted by di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), whereas eosinophilic liver tumors
      promoted by phenobarbital (PhB) arose from eosinophilic foci. In this experiment,
      the ultrastructure of tumorous and nontumorous areas of the liver from these two
      groups of mice was analyzed by quantitative morphometric methods. It is shown
      that nontumorous liver in DEN- and DEHP-treated mice demonstrate a pronounced
      proliferation of peroxisomes that is also present in liver tumors induced by DEHP
      alone but not in liver tumors after DEN initiation and DEHP promotion. Initiation
      with DEN and promotion with PhB resulted in pronounced proliferation of smooth
      endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in both tumorous and nontumorous liver, whereas the
      number of peroxisomes remained unchanged.

PMID- 6599942
TI  - American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on School Health. Corporal punishment
      in schools.

PMID- 6599941
TI  - DNA content of hyperplastic and neoplastic acinar cell lesions in rat and human
      pancreas.
AB  - Pancreatic acinar cell hyperplastic lesions and neoplasms in rats and humans were
      studied for their nuclear DNA content by microspectrophotometry. Atypical
      hyperplastic acinar cell lesions induced in rats by azaserine displayed a wide
      range of DNA contents, 1.5-8C for those composed of acidophilic-type cells and
      1.5-9C for those of basophilic-type cells compared with the euploid pattern of
      1.5-5C in acinar cells in normal pancreas. The modal DNA values of rat acinar
      cell adenomas were distributed over an even wider range of 2-11C. In human
      pancreas, hyperplastic acinar cell lesions composed of eosinophilic-type cells
      displayed a slightly wider range of DNA content (1.5-8C) than that in surrounding
      normal acinar cells (1.5-5C). The DNA histograms of basophilic acinar cell
      lesions were of an aneuploid pattern (2-12C) similar to that of an acinar cell
      carcinoma (2-15C). These findings demonstrate that acinar cell hyperplastic
      lesions in rats and humans have an altered genetic complement and suggest that
      they probably are precursor lesions for acinar cell neoplasms.

PMID- 6599943
TI  - First-contact mental health care. Report on a WHO meeting. Tampere, Finland 25-29
      April 1983.

PMID- 6599944
TI  - Management of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias with automatic implanted
      cardioverter-defibrillators.

PMID- 6599945
TI  - Compartmental pressure measurements during application of the pneumatic antishock
      garment.
AB  - Recent case reports have implicated the pneumatic antishock garment (PASG) in the
      development of the compartment syndrome in the lower extremities. The present
      study used the anterolateral compartment of the canine hindlimb to model the
      effect of the PASG on tissue pressure within the compartment (Pc). Prior to
      inflation of the garment, baseline Pc was 5.3 mm Hg. PASG inflation to 60 mm Hg
      for 20 minutes resulted in an increase in Pc of 75.0 mm Hg over baseline values.
      The rise in Pc was reduced significantly following hemorrhage of the animal,
      measuring 65.8 mm Hg at a mean arterial pressure of 70 to 80 mm Hg and 62.5 mm Hg
      at a mean arterial pressure of 40 to 50 mm Hg. In the immediate postarrest state,
      Pc rise after a five-minute inflation of the garment was 57.5 mm Hg. In all
      cases, Pc promptly returned to baseline values when the PASG was deflated, and
      there was no significant change in Pc following deflation of the garment under
      conditions of normotension, hemorrhagic hypotension, and in the immediate
      postarrest state. Our results suggest that the level of arterial pressure may
      contribute to Pc rise during PASG inflation.

PMID- 6599946
TI  - Femoral venous catheterization during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a critical
      appraisal.
AB  - The placement of femoral venous catheters inserted during unsuccessful
      resuscitation attempts was studied by postmortem angiograms through the
      catheters. In 31% of the catheterizations the final position of the catheter was
      not in the femoral vein. We conclude that femoral venous catheterization by
      inexperienced operators is an unreliable technique during cardiopulmonary
      resuscitation.

PMID- 6599948
TI  - The dehydrated child: a management approach.
AB  - Dehydration in the child requires urgent attention to fluid replacement.
      Management must focus on an understanding of the physiology of fluid loss and
      clinical and laboratory assessment. Fluid therapy must combine correction of
      fluid deficits with concurrent administration of maintenance fluids.

PMID- 6599947
TI  - Diagnosis of organic brain syndrome: an emergency department dilemma.
AB  - Delirium and dementia frequently pose a diagnostic dilemma for clinicians in the
      emergency department. The overlap of symptoms between organic brain syndrome and
      functional psychiatric illness, coupled with a dramatic presentation, often leads
      to a premature psychiatric diagnosis. In this paper, the authors discuss those
      symptoms of organic brain syndrome that most frequently generate diagnostic
      confusion in the emergency department and result in a misdiagnosis of functional
      illness.

PMID- 6599949
TI  - Accidental hypothermia: a survivor of 12 episodes.
AB  - Accidental hypothermia is defined as an environmentally induced reduction of the
      core body temperature to 35 degrees C or below, where there is no primary
      endocrine or preoptic anterior hypothalmic dysfunction. We report a survivor of
      12 episodes of accidental hypothermia. A comparison of his rewarming rates with
      passive external versus active core rewarming by inhalation of heated humidified
      oxygen via nasotracheal tube is provided. Multiple predisposing factors
      contributed to the repeated episodes of hypothermia. Anatomic causes of repeated
      nonaccidental hypothermia were excluded.

PMID- 6599950
TI  - Comparison of activated charcoal and gastric lavage in the prevention of aspirin
      absorption.
AB  - Effectiveness of initial treatment of aspirin (ASA) overdosage was evaluated by
      comparing treatment with activated charcoal (AC) to treatment with gastric lavage
      in combination with AC. Dogs were used as subjects in four experimental groups.
      All subjects were administered an overdose of 500 mg/kg of ASA. Treatment was
      performed 30 minutes later on all groups except controls. Treatment with AC alone
      resulted in a 17% reduction (P greater than .05) of peak plasma salicylate levels
      compared with controls. When lavage preceded administration of AC, a 37%
      reduction (P less than .05) occurred. There was a 48% reduction (P less than
      .025) in plasma salicylate levels when lavage was preceded and followed by
      administration of AC. This study demonstrates that gastric lavage in combination
      with AC is more effective in reducing ASA absorption than AC given alone.

PMID- 6599952
TI  - A survey of prehospital care paramedic/physician communication for Multnomah
      County (Portland), Oregon.
AB  - All field paramedic/patient encounters requiring advanced life support management
      in Multnomah County, Oregon, required radio/telephone communications with the
      emergency department physicians of the county's single medical resource hospital
      for a period of 6 months. A survey of these communications (compliance estimated
      to be 75% to 80%) demonstrated that paramedics established contact during
      management or transport in one-half of instances and after transport in the
      remainder. Consultation was estimated to be helpful in 12% to 17% of cases and of
      critical importance rarely. Additional benefits were seen in hospital
      notification, education, and as an adjunct to the medical record; and the concept
      of a single centralized resource hospital was established in this community.

PMID- 6599951
TI  - Prehospital care telemetry--how essential?
AB  - The telemeterized ECG, once a necessary and important part of prehospital care,
      may now be an unnecessary, expensive luxury. Paramedic training now produces a
      professional capable of diagnosing ECG rhythms as accurately as emergency
      physicians. ECG telemetry may, however, have utility for esprit de corps,
      training, evaluation, and supervision of new or less trained paramedics.
      Recommendations for establishing or renewing community telemetry systems are
      made.

PMID- 6599953
TI  - Evaluation and treatment of shock in an automobile accident victim.

PMID- 6599954
TI  - Of crashes, catheters, and confusion.

PMID- 6599955
TI  - Medical control of prehospital care.

PMID- 6599956
TI  - Hypovolemia and the tilt test.

PMID- 6599957
TI  - Reexpansion pulmonary edema.

PMID- 6599958
TI  - Cardiovascular complications of TCA overdose.

PMID- 6599959
TI  - A systematic approach to research curricula for emergency medicine residencies.
AB  - The understanding, design, and execution of research is a necessary part of
      emergency medicine residency training. An outline of a residency research
      curriculum is presented. The four objectives of this program are for the resident
      to critically read and evaluate research literature, learn to design and conduct
      a research project, become actively involved as a participant in a research
      project, and write and publish a research paper. This model curriculum is
      designed to accomplish these objectives in an organized manner and is based on
      the assumption that the resident has had no research experience. The program we
      have developed for resident research is designed to be covered in 36 hours of
      instructional time over a 3-year residency curriculum. The initial sessions are
      covered early in the residency and are concerned with the critical evaluation of
      research. These sessions are the foundation of the research curriculum and
      journal club meetings. The remainder of the didactic material is to be taught as
      the resident acquires practical research experience. These later sessions,
      conducted in a research committee format, guide the residents through the design,
      implementation, analysis, and presentation of their work.

PMID- 6599960
TI  - Estimates of DNA and protein sequence divergence: an examination of some
      assumptions.
AB  - Some of the assumptions underlying estimates of DNA and protein sequence
      divergence are examined. A solution for the variance of these estimates that
      allows for different mutation rates and different population sizes in each
      species and for an arbitrary structure in the initial population is obtained. It
      is shown that these conditions do not strongly affect estimates of divergence. In
      general, they cause the variance of divergence to be smaller than a binomial
      variance. Thus, the binomial variance that is usually assumed for these estimates
      is safely conservative. It is shown that variability in the mutation rate among
      sites can have an effect as large as or larger than variability in the mutation
      rate among bases. Variability in the mutation rate among bases and among sites
      causes the number of substitutions between two sequences to be underestimated.
      Protein and DNA sequences from several species are collected to estimate the
      variability in mutation rates among sites. When many homologous sequences are
      known, standard methods to estimate this variability can be used. The estimates
      of this variability show that this factor is important when considering the
      spectrum of spontaneous mutations and is strongly reflected in the divergence of
      sequences. Smaller variability is found for the third position of codons than for
      the first and second codon positions. This may be because of less selective
      constraints on this position or because the third position has been saturated
      with mutations for the sequences examined.

PMID- 6599961
TI  - Structure and evolution of human and African ape rDNA pseudogenes.
AB  - We discuss the evolutionary significance of four aberrant 18S rDNA clones that
      were obtained from human, chimpanzee, and gorilla DNA libraries. We show that
      these clones carry representatives of a small 18S rDNA pseudogene family that
      arose in a common ancestor of these species. Aspects of their structure and
      phylogenetic distribution suggest that the 18S pseudogenes no longer interact
      genetically with normal ribosomal genes and therefore may not be linked to
      nucleolus organizer regions.

PMID- 6599962
TI  - Rare variant alleles in the light of the neutral theory.
AB  - Based on the neutral theory of molecular evolution and polymorphism, and
      particularly assuming "the model of infinite alleles," a method is proposed which
      enables us to estimate the fraction of selectively neutral alleles (denoted by
      Pneut) among newly arisen mutations. It makes use of data on the distribution of
      rare variant alleles in large samples together with information on the average
      heterozygosity. The formula proposed is Pneut = [He/(1-He)] [loge(2nq)/n alpha (x
      less than q)], where n alpha(x less than q) is the average number of rare alleles
      per locus whose frequency, x, is less than q; n is the average sample size used
      to count rare alleles; He is the average heterozygosity per locus; and q is a
      small preassigned number such as q = 0.01. The method was applied to observations
      on enzyme and other protein loci in plaice, humans (European and Amerindian),
      Japanese monkeys, and fruit flies. Estimates obtained for them range from 0.064
      to 0.21 with the mean and standard error Pneut = 0.14 +/- 0.06. It was pointed
      out that these estimates are consistent with the corresponding estimate Pneut(Hb)
      = 0.14 obtained independently based on the neutral theory and using data on the
      evolutionary rate of nucleotide substitutions in globin pseudogenes together with
      those in the normal globins.

PMID- 6599964
TI  - Retention of cryptic genes in microbial populations.
AB  - Cryptic genes are silenced genes that can still be reactivated by mutation. Since
      they can make no positive contribution to the fitness of their carriers, it is
      not clear why many cryptic genes in microbial populations have not degenerated
      into useless DNA sequences. Hall et al. (1983) have suggested that cryptic genes
      have persisted because of occasional strong environmental selection for
      reactivated genes. The present mathematical study supports their suggestion. It
      shows that a cryptic gene can be retained without having any selective advantage
      over a useless DNA sequence, if selection for the reactivated gene occasionally
      occurs for a substantially long time.

PMID- 6599963
TI  - Rapid evolution of goat and sheep globin genes following gene duplication.
AB  - Statistical analyses of DNA sequences of globin genes (beta A, beta C, and gamma)
      from goat and sheep (including new sequence information for the second intron of
      sheep beta A and gamma, kindly provided by A. Davis and A. W. Nienhuis) indicate
      that the rates of nonsynonymous substitution in these genes have been greatly
      accelerated following the gene duplication separating gamma and the ancestor of
      beta A and beta C and the gene duplication separating beta A and beta C. In both
      cases the acceleration was apparently due to relaxation of purifying selection
      (functional constraints) rather than advantageous mutations because acceleration
      occurred only in less important parts of the beta globin chain. The rates of
      nonsynonymous substitution in these genes are estimated to be about 2.3 x 10(-9)
      per site per year, which is three times higher than that for the divergence
      between human beta and mouse beta major globin genes. Our analyses further
      suggest that the rate of synonymous substitution in functional genes and the rate
      of substitution in pseudogenes are approximately equal and are between 2.8 x 10(
      9) and 5.0 x 10(-9) and that the rate of substitution in introns is about 3.0 x
      10(-9). The divergence time between beta A and beta C and that between gamma and
      the beta A-beta C pair are about 12 and 30 million years, respectively. The
      proportion of transition mutations is estimated to be 64%, two times higher than
      expected under random mutation but considerably lower than the 96% estimated for
      animal mitochondrial DNA.

PMID- 6599965
TI  - Individual and evolutionary variation of primate ribosomal DNA transcription
      initiation regions.
AB  - A 16-kilobase region surrounding the transcription initiation site for ribosomal
      DNA and including the entire ribosomal DNA transcription unit has been
      characterized in man and compared in higher primates. Restriction analysis of
      ribosomal DNA from the pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus), the common chimpanzee
      (Pan troglodytes), the gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), the orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus),
      the gibbon (Hylobates lar), and the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) allows a
      primate phylogeny to be constructed based on ribosomal DNA structure. Individual
      variation and methylation are demonstrated in the ribosomal DNA repeats of all
      primates examined. Restriction analysis with HincII endonuclease suggests
      cleavage at sites containing methylated CpG and adds the SalI/HincII pair to
      those enzymes useful for studying DNA modification.

PMID- 6599966
TI  - Silencing of duplicate genes: a null allele polymorphism for lactate
      dehydrogenase in brown trout (Salmo trutta).
AB  - A previously described isozyme polymorphism at one of two skeletal muscle LdhA
      loci in brown trout is due to a null allele, Ldh1(n), producing no detectable
      catalytic activity. Homozygotes for this allele have approximately only 56% of
      the LDH activity in skeletal muscle relative to homozygotes for the active
      allele. The remaining activity results from enzyme subunits produced by other LDH
      loci. The Ldh1(n) allele is common and widespread throughout brown trout
      populations in Sweden and is also found in populations from Ireland. The
      persistence of duplicate gene expression for the LdhA loci in almost all salmonid
      species is best explained by natural selection against individuals containing
      null alleles. However, there is no indication of natural selection against brown
      trout with the Ldh1(n) allele: We suggest that the selection against individuals
      containing null alleles that is apparently responsible for the persistence of
      duplicate LdhA loci in salmonids occurs only under certain environmental
      conditions.

PMID- 6599968
TI  - Estimation of evolutionary distance between nucleotide sequences.
AB  - A mathematical formula for estimating the average number of nucleotide
      substitutions per site (delta) between two homologous DNA sequences is developed
      by taking into account unequal rates of substitution among different nucleotide
      pairs. Although this formula is obtained for the equal-input model of nucleotide
      substitution, computer simulations have shown that it gives a reasonably good
      estimate for a wide range of nucleotide substitution patterns as long as delta is
      equal to or smaller than 1. Furthermore, the frequency of cases to which the
      formula is inapplicable is much lower than that for other similar methods
      recently proposed. This point is illustrated using insulin genes. A statistical
      method for estimating the number of nucleotide changes due to deletion and
      insertion is also developed. Application of this method to globin gene data
      indicates that the number of nucleotide changes per site increases with
      evolutionary time but the pattern of the increase is quite irregular.

PMID- 6599967
TI  - Calibrating the molecular clock: estimates of ground squirrel divergence made
      using fossil and geological time markers.
AB  - According to 5-Myr-old fossil evidence, ground squirrels within the genus
      Spermophilus had diverged into subgenera Spermophilus and Otospermophilus by late
      Miocene times. Radiometric dating has also provided a precise time for the sudden
      onset of a geological event, occurring 0.725 Myr ago, that initiated the complete
      and permanent reproductive isolation of two subspecies within the subgenus
      Otospermophilus. Since these two subspecies (S. beecheyi beecheyi and S. b.
      douglasii) readily hybridize with each other under laboratory conditions,
      allopatric subspeciation is unlikely to have occurred prior to 0.725 Myr ago. We
      employed Nei's model for estimating genetic distance in units which are linear in
      time, calibrated on the 0.725-Myr-ago date for initiation of S. b. subspeciation,
      to test its ability to generate a time scale for subgeneric divergence in keeping
      with the minimum estimate provided by the fossil record. This represents the most
      valid test to date of the utility of Nei's model for estimating genetic distance
      in units which are linear in time. Nei's model was found to underestimate this
      minimum time by 1 Myr, but it approximated this date after correcting values of D
      for variation in rates of evolution among loci.

PMID- 6599969
TI  - Rabbit globin pseudogene psi beta 2 is a hybrid of delta- and beta-globin gene
      sequences.
AB  - The evolutionary history of the rabbit globin pseudogene psi beta 2 was studied
      by completing its nucleotide sequence and aligning the sequence with that of the
      rabbit adult globin gene beta 1 and the human minor adult globin gene delta. The
      5' flanking region and exon 1 of psi beta 2 were most similar to rabbit beta 1,
      but the large intervening sequence and the 3' untranslated region were most
      similar to human delta. Intron 1 and exon 2 were equally similar to both delta
      and beta 1. This pattern indicates that psi beta 2 was originally a delta-like
      gene that acquired the 5' portion of gene beta 1 by intrachromosomal gene
      conversion. The presence of a delta-globin gene sequence in both rabbits and
      humans shows that it is an ancient gene, predating the mammalian radiation that
      occurred over 85 Myr ago. Delta has shown a pronounced tendency to be altered in
      its 5' end during the course of mammalian evolution. Quantitative divergence
      analysis shows that the ancestor to rabbit psi beta 2 was active until 20-30 Myr
      ago, during which time the lagomorph beta-globin gene family apparently
      functioned without a pseudogene.

PMID- 6599970
TI  - Evolution of glucagon genes.
AB  - Statistical analyses of DNA sequences of the preproglucagon genes from bovine,
      human, hamster, and anglerfish suggest that a gene duplication creating two
      anglerfish genes (AF I and II) occurred about 160 Myr ago, long after the
      separation of fish and mammals. The analyses further suggest that the internal
      duplication producing the glucagon and glucagon-like peptide II (GLP-II) regions
      occurred about 1.2 billion years ago, which would indicate that the GLP-II region
      was present in the ancestral anglerfish sequence but was silenced or deleted
      before the gene duplication separating AF I and II. The glucagon-like peptide I
      (GLP-I) was derived from a duplication of the ancestral glucagon region about 800
      Myr ago. The rate of synonymous substitution in these genes is approximately 4.3
      x 10(-9) substitutions per year per synonymous site. The rate of nonsynonymous
      substitution in the signal peptide region is about 1.1 x 10(-9) substitutions per
      year per nonsynonymous site, a high rate comparable to that in the C-peptide
      region of preproinsulin. The rate of nonsynonymous substitution in the glicentin
      related pancreatic polypeptide (GRPP) region is 0.63 x 10(-9) for the comparisons
      between mammalian species and 1.8 x 10(-9) for the comparisons between fish and
      mammals; the moderate rate in mammals suggests a physiological role for GRPP. The
      glucagon region is extremely conservative; no nonsynonymous substitution is
      observed in the mammalian genes, and a nonsynonymous rate of 0.18 x 10(-9) was
      obtained from the comparisons between fish and mammals. In the GLP-I region, the
      rate of nonsynonymous substitution was estimated to be 0.08 x 10(-9) for the
      comparisons between mammalian species and 0.30 x 10(-9) for the comparisons
      between fish and mammals. In the GLP-II region, the rate was estimated to be 0.25
      x 10(-9) for the comparisons between mammalian species. Thus, GLP-I and II are
      also very conservative, which suggests an important physiological role for these
      peptides.

PMID- 6599971
TI  - Molecular probes of phylogeny and biogeography in toads of the widespread genus
      Bufo.
AB  - Genetic relationships among 25 species of Central and South American Bufo and
      among representative North, Central, and South American, Asian, and African Bufo
      were probed, using the quantitative immunological technique of microcomplement
      fixation (MC'F) which indicated a clear separation of North, Central, and South
      American lineages of Bufo. The South American lineage likely diverged from the
      Central and North American lineages in the Eocene; the latter two lineages
      diverged later, probably in the mid-Oligocene. Some species groups of South
      American toads, defined on the basis of traditional morphological studies, are
      genetically quite similar within groups, whereas others are genetically
      divergent. The amount of albumin evolution does not appear to parallel the amount
      of karyotypic, morphological, ecological, or behavioral evolution documented.
      Comparisons suggest that the African lineages separated from the American and
      Asian lineages in the late Cretaceous, corresponding to the time of the final
      separation of Gondwanaland, the southern supercontinent including the modern
      continents of South America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica, and India. The Asian
      lineages diverged from the lineage giving rise to all of the American species in
      the early Paleocene.

PMID- 6599973
TI  - Comparison of the beta-like globin gene families of rabbits and humans indicates
      that the gene cluster 5'-epsilon-gamma-delta-beta-3' predates the mammalian
      radiation.
AB  - The members of the rabbit and human beta-like globin gene families have been
      compared both by a computer-generated dot matrix graphical analysis of each
      entire gene and by calculating divergences in the coding regions. The rabbit
      human gene pairs beta 4-epsilon, beta 3-gamma, psi beta 2-delta, and beta 1-beta
      were identified as orthologous on the basis of sequence similarities found in
      flanking and intervening sequences as well as by quantitative divergence
      calculations. The orthologous genes are in the same order on the chromosome in
      each species, which suggests that an ancestral family with the arrangement 5'
      epsilon-gamma-delta-beta-3' preceded the mammalian radiation. Descendants of
      ancestral epsilon have diverged more slowly than other beta-like genes and are
      expressed only in embryonic life. Descendants of ancestral gamma and beta
      diverged at a higher rate and are expressed at wider range of developmental
      times. Descendants of delta have undergone nonreciprocal recombination at a high
      frequency and are often pseudogenes. Paralogous comparisons among the rabbit beta
      like globin genes show that the beta 4-beta 3 and psi beta 2-beta 1 pairs are
      most similar and that beta 4 and beta 3 are more closely related to beta 1 than
      to psi beta 2. This fits with a branching pattern where the primordial beta split
      into ancestral epsilon/gamma and delta/beta genes, which later split into epsilon
      and gamma or delta and beta, respectively. Rabbit genes beta 4 and beta 1
      acquired similar 3' untranslated regions after the epsilon/gamma split but prior
      to the mammalian radiation, presumably via a gene conversion event. The 5' end of
      beta 2 apparently converted with beta 1 after the radiation, and afterward it
      became a pseudogene.

PMID- 6599974
TI  - An analysis of the dynamics of mammalian mitochondrial DNA sequence evolution.
AB  - The dynamics of the substitution process for mammalian mitochondrial DNA have
      been modeled. The temporal behavior of several quantities has been studied and
      the model's predictions have been compared with estimates obtained from recent
      mtDNA sequence data for an increasingly divergent series of primates, the mouse
      and the cow (Anderson et al. 1981, 1982; Bibb et al. 1981; Brown et al. 1982).
      The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the decrease in the
      proportion of transitions observed as divergence increases is a consequence of
      the highly biased substitution process. In addition, the results support the
      hypothesis that, although a portion of the mtDNA molecule evolves at an extremely
      rapid rate, a significant portion of the molecule is under strong selective
      constraints.

PMID- 6599972
TI  - The sequence of the gorilla fetal globin genes: evidence for multiple gene
      conversions in human evolution.
AB  - Two fetal globin genes (G gamma and A gamma) from one chromosome of a lowland
      gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) have been sequenced and compared to three human
      loci (a G gamma-gene and two A gamma-alleles). A comparison of regions of local
      homology among these five sequences indicates that long after the duplication
      that produced the two nonallelic gamma-globin loci of catarrhine primates, about
      35 million years (Myr) ago, at least one gene conversion event occurred between
      these loci. This conversion occurred not long before the ancestral divergence
      (about 6 Myr ago) of Homo and Gorilla. After this ancestral divergence, a minimum
      of three more gene conversion events occurred in the human lineage. Each human A
      gamma-allele shares specific sequence features with the gorilla A gamma-gene; one
      such distinctive allelic feature involves the simple repeated sequence in IVS 2.
      This suggests that early in the human lineage the A gamma-genes may have
      undergone a crossing-over event mediated by this simple repeated sequence. The
      DNA sequences from coding regions of both G gamma- and A gamma-loci, a comparison
      of 292 codons in the corresponding gorilla and human genes, show an unusually low
      evolutionary rate, with only two nonsilent differences and, surprisingly, not
      even one silent substitution. The two nonsynonymous substitutions observed
      predict a glycine at codon 73 and an arginine at codon 104 in the gorilla A gamma
      sequence rather than aspartic acid and lysine, respectively, in human A gamma.
      Because only arginine has been found at position 104 in gamma-chains of Old World
      monkeys, it may represent the ancestral residue lost in gorilla and human G gamma
      chains and in the human A gamma-chain. Possibly the arginine codon (AGG) was
      replaced by the lysine codon (AAG) in the G gamma-gene of a common ancestor of
      Homo and Gorilla and then was transferred to the A gamma-gene by subsequent
      conversions in the human lineage. DNA sequence conversions, similar to that
      attributed to the fetal gamma-globin genes, appear to be relatively frequent
      phenomena and, if widespread throughout the genome, may have profound
      evolutionary consequences.

PMID- 6599975
TI  - Variance of sequence divergence.

PMID- 6599976
TI  - The early adaptive evolution of calmodulin.
AB  - Interaction between gene duplication and natural selection in molecular evolution
      was investigated utilizing a phylogenetic tree constructed by the parsimony
      procedure from amino acid sequences of 50 calmodulin-family protein members. The
      50 sequences, belonging to seven protein lineages related by gene duplication
      (calmodulin itself, troponin-C, alkali and regulatory light chains of myosin,
      parvalbumin, intestinal calcium-binding protein, and glial S-100 phenylalanine
      rich protein), came from a wide range of eukaryotic taxa and yielded a denser
      tree (more branch points within each lineage) than in earlier studies. Evidence
      obtained from the reconstructed pattern of base substitutions and deletions in
      these ancestral loci suggests that, during the early history of the family,
      selection acted as a transforming force on expressed genes among the duplicates
      to encode molecular sites with new or modified functions. In later stages of
      descent, however, selection was a conserving force that preserved the structures
      of many coadapted functional sites. Each branch of the family was found to have a
      unique average tempo of evolutionary change, apparently regulated through
      functional constraints. Proteins whose functions dictate multiple interaction
      with several other macromolecules evolved more slowly than those which display
      fewer protein-protein and protein-ion interactions, e.g., calmodulin and next
      troponin-C evolved at the slowest average rates, whereas parvalbumin evolved at
      the fastest. The history of all lineages, however, appears to be characterized by
      rapid rates of evolutionary change in earlier periods, followed by slower rates
      in more recent periods. A particularly sharp contrast between such fast and slow
      rates is found in the evolution of calmodulin, whose rate of change in earlier
      eukaryotes was manyfold faster than the average rate over the past 1 billion
      years. In fact, the amino acid replacements in the nascent calmodulin lineage
      occurred at residue positions that in extant metazoans are largely invariable,
      lending further support to the Darwinian hypothesis that natural selection is
      both a creative and a conserving force in molecular evolution.

PMID- 6599977
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus trpGDC gene cluster.
AB  - A plasmid library of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus HindIII fragments was
      constructed, and clones that complemented an Escherichia coli pabA mutant were
      selected. Plasmids containing a 3.9-kb fragment of A. calcoaceticus DNA that also
      complemented E. coli trpD and trpC-(trpF+) mutants were obtained. We infer that
      complementation of E. coli pabA mutants was the result of the expression of the
      amphibolic anthranilate-synthase/p-aminobenzoate-synthase glutamine
      amidotransferase gene and that the plasmid insert carried the entire trpGDC gene
      cluster. In E. coli minicells, the plasmid insert directed the synthesis of
      polypeptides of 44,000, 33,000, and 20,000 daltons, molecular masses that are
      consistent with the reported molecular masses of phosphoribosylanthranilate
      transferase, indoleglycerol-phosphate synthase, and anthranilate-synthase
      component II, respectively. A 3,105-bp nucleotide sequence was determined.
      Comparison of the A. calcoaceticus trpGDC sequences with other known trp gene
      sequences has allowed insight into (1) the evolution of the amphibolic trpG gene,
      (2) varied strategies for coordinate expression of trp genes, and (3) mechanisms
      of gene fusions in the trp operon.

PMID- 6599979
TI  - Preventing cancers.

PMID- 6599978
TI  - Amino acid sequences of lower vertebrate parvalbumins and their evolution:
      parvalbumins of boa, turtle, and salamander.
AB  - One major parvalbumin each was isolated from the skeletal muscle of two reptiles,
      a boa snake, Boa constrictor, and a map turtle, Graptemys geographica, while two
      parvalbumins were isolated from an amphibian, the salamander Amphiuma means. The
      amino acid sequences of all four parvalbumins were determined from the sequences
      of their tryptic peptides, which were ordered partially by homology to other
      parvalbumins. Phylogenetic study of these and 16 other parvalbumin sequences
      revealed that the turtle parvalbumin belongs to beta lineage, while the
      salamander sequences belong, one each, to the alpha and beta lineages defined by
      Goodman and Pechere (1977). Boa parvalbumin, however, while belonging to the beta
      lineage, clusters within the fish in all reasonably parsimonious trees. The most
      parsimonious trees show many parallel or back mutations in the evolution of many
      parvalbumin residues, although the residues responsible for Ca2+ binding are very
      well conserved. These most parsimonious trees show an actinopterygian rather than
      a crossoptyrigian origin of the tetrapods in both the alpha and beta groups. One
      of two electric eel parvalbumins is evolving more than 10 times faster than its
      paralogous partner, suggesting it may be on its way to becoming a pseudogene. It
      is concluded that varying rates of amino acid replacement, much homoplasy,
      considerable gene duplication, plus complicated lineages make the set of
      parvalbumin sequences unsuitable for systematic study of the origin of the
      tetrapods and other higher-taxa divergence, although it may be suitable within a
      genus or family.

PMID- 6599980
TI  - Absence of milk-specific IgE in infants with cow's milk protein-sensitive
      enteropathy.

PMID- 6599981
TI  - Intraocular lens implant.

PMID- 6599982
TI  - The bacteriology of perforated appendix.

PMID- 6599984
TI  - Evaluation of conventional and computerised monitoring of cardiac function in the
      coronary care unit.

PMID- 6599983
TI  - Analgesic use and abuse--a study in three selected population groups in
      Peninsular Malaysia.

PMID- 6599986
TI  - Medical manpower in Sarawak--the doctors.

PMID- 6599985
TI  - A food poisoning outbreak due to Staphylococcus aureus, Kapar, Malaysia, 1983.

PMID- 6599987
TI  - Hand eczema in Malaysians.

PMID- 6599988
TI  - Salmonella in the soil of kidergarten playgrounds in the Klang District.

PMID- 6599989
TI  - The disappearance of sleep-related changes of serum prolactin in pregnant women.

PMID- 6599991
TI  - Plasmid-mediated transferable chloramphenicol and tetracycline resistance in
      Salmonella typhi (Vi phage type 25) isolated in Peninsular Malaysia.

PMID- 6599990
TI  - Analgesic nephropathy--a prospective study.

PMID- 6599992
TI  - Corrosive oesophageal stricture in Malaysian adults.

PMID- 6599993
TI  - Prolonged conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia--evaluation using duodenal fluid
      inspection for bile.

PMID- 6599994
TI  - Transient hypothyroidism following I131 treatment for thyrotoxicosis.

PMID- 6599995
TI  - Conservative surgical management of ameloblastoma of the mandible--report on
      three cases.

PMID- 6599996
TI  - Three cases of sexual deviation seen at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur.

PMID- 6599997
TI  - [Cytogenetic and biometric observations on members of the Anopheles gambiae
      complex in Mozambique].
AB  - Four species of the Anopheles gambiae complex were identified in Mozambique (East
      Africa) by chromosomal analysis. They were An. merus, An. gambiae s.s., An.
      arabiensis and An. quadriannulatus. An. merus was observed in coastal zones as
      well as in inner areas where the rivers are tidal and brackish and/or the soil is
      salty. An. gambiae s.s. is present in the central-northern regions (north of Save
      river) from the coast to the western mountains. On the coast it is often
      sympatric with An. merus. It is apparently absent south of Save river. An.
      arabiensis was observed in samples from the north-western hilly and mountainous
      areas, sympatrically with An. gambiae s.s., as well as south of Save river where
      often it is sympatric with An. merus. Only one specimen of An. quadriannulatus
      was observed. It was from a small sample collected feeding on bovid in a southern
      locality (Bela Vista-Maputo area). No inversion polymorphism was observed in the
      446 An. merus identified. A quite low degree of inversion polymorphism was shown
      by both An. gambiae s.s. and An. arabiensis, involving 2Rb, 2La and 2Rb inversion
      systems respectively. By morphological analysis of cytogenetically identified
      samples of three species of the complex, number of sensilla coeloconica and
      palpal ratio were confirmed to be useful to distinguish An. merus from An.
      gambiae s.s./An. arabiensis. The overlapping areas between brackish and
      freshwater species become smaller when both characters are considered together,
      1.5% and 3.5% being the probabilities of confusing An. merus with An. gambiae
      s.s. and An. arabiensis respectively.

PMID- 6599998
TI  - [Utilization of mosquitoes impregnated with deltamethrin in the battle against
      malaria].

PMID- 6599999
TI  - Man-bait catch of Phlebotomus perniciosus (Diptera, Psycodidae) in a human and
      canine leishmaniasis focus in central Italy.
AB  - Man-bait catches of Phlebotomus perniciosus were carried out in a human and
      canine leishmaniasis focus in Central Italy (Monte Argentario, Grosseto) to
      evaluate the man-sandfly contact of this vector. P. perniciosus females were
      collected biting on man outside, during the first hours of the night, when the
      local people are at risk. The results of these captures are discussed and the man
      sandfly contact is considered in relation to the epidemiological aspects of the
      disease in the area under study.

PMID- 6600000
TI  - [Report of two cases of human ocular dirofilariasis in Sicily].
AB  - Two human cases of subconjunctival dirofilariasis, observed in Mazara del Vallo
      (Trapani) area, are described. A survey carried out in the same area revealed the
      presence of D. repens in 15 of the 46 dogs examined. The worms surgically
      removed, were found to be immature females with characters in agreement with the
      description of D. conjunctivae (Addario, 1885) Desportes 1939-40. When compared
      with females of D. repens obtained by experimental infection of the cat, a host
      not entirely suitable for this parasite, no taxonomically significant differences
      were discovered.

PMID- 6600001
TI  - [Cultural aspects concerning helminthiasis in the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome
      and Principe (Equatorial Africa)].
AB  - Working on a health education programme in the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome
      and Principe, the authors carried out a research about the popular believes
      concerning the helminthiases, the attitude associated with the parasites'
      presence, their origin and the treatment based on empirical healing tradition.
      The research pointed out the similarity between some believes belonging to the
      local population and those collected by some authors in Italian rural areas and
      with the opinion of many physicians living in the past centuries. It also pointed
      out the importance of evaluating the cultural factors in health education
      campaigns against intestinal helminthiases.

PMID- 6600002
TI  - [Status of the taxonomy of Leishmania from the Mediterranean basin].
AB  - Isoenzyme analysis, carried out on some hundreds of Leishmania isolates from the
      Mediterranean basin by specialized identification Centres, has provided new data
      on the taxonomy of this parasite in the area. Three complexes of zymodemes have
      been identified: L. infantum s.l., L. tropica s.l. and L. major s.l. L. infantum
      is the agent of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis and it is distributed
      throughout the Mediterranean area. Furthermore, this parasite is the only
      responsible for human cutaneous leishmaniasis in Central-Western Europe,
      including Italy. The distribution of L. tropica, agent of urban, or
      anthroponotic, cutaneous leishmaniasis, appears to be very limited, being
      restricted to Middle East, Tunisia and Greece. On the other hand, L. major, which
      causes rural, or zoonotic, cutaneous leishmaniasis, is widespread throughout
      North Africa and Middle East. In some countries, such as Tunisia and Israel,
      leishmaniases are caused by all the three complexes.

PMID- 6600003
TI  - [Cryptosporidium sp. and Isospora suis in swine in Italy].
AB  - The presence of Cryptosporidium sp. and Isospora suis is reported for the first
      time in piglets in Italy, in the province of Mantova: the first one has been
      found in 1 and the second one in 39 out of 200 litters. Two piglets, respectively
      20-day-old and 24-day-old, were experimentally infected with Cryptosporidium sp.
      oocysts from naturally infected calves, without clinical signs.

PMID- 6600004
TI  - [First isolation in Italy of Naegleria australiensis (De Jonckheere, 1981)].
AB  - An epidemiological investigation was carried out in Northern Italian spa to
      detect presence and incidence of free-living amoebae, mostly belonging to
      amphizoic species Acanthamoeba and Naegleria. Seven pathogenic strains of
      Naegleria spp. were isolated. Morpho-biological characterization and indirect
      immunofluorescence assays showed that all these strains belong to N.
      australiensis, a new pathogenic species. Such a species could induce, along with
      N. fowleri and Acanthamoeba spp., fatal meningo-encephalitis in man and other
      mammals.

PMID- 6600005
TI  - [Sensitivity of Anopheles gambiae s.l. to insecticides in the Selingue dam area].
AB  - In the Selingue hydroelectric dam area the An. gambiae complex members are
      susceptible to DDT, resistant to dieldrin (the adults mainly) and also
      susceptible to temephos, chlorpyrifos, fenthion, fenitrothion and malathion. The
      LC50 of the larvae for fenthion is 0.00325 ppm. Due to the abundance of An.
      gambiae s.s. in this area (nearly 98%), it is probable that these data refer
      mainly to this species. Recent cytogenetic studies have shown that this species
      is composed of three chromosomal types (Bamako, Savanna and Mopti) with partially
      reproductive isolation. In the case of resistance of members of a species complex
      to an insecticide, it will be of great interest to know how this resistance is
      distributed within the complex. This can be particularly important for An.
      gambiae s.s. and An. arabiensis, and also for the chromosomal forms Bamako and
      Mopti of An. gambiae s.s. which are reproductively well isolated.

PMID- 6600006
TI  - Cell division cycles and circadian oscillators in Euglena.
AB  - The algal flagellate Euglena grown photoautotrophically in L:D 3:3 displays a
      circadian rhythm of cell division. Oscillatory models for cell cycle (CDC)
      control (particularly those of the limit cycle variety) include the property of
      phase perturbation, or resetting. This prediction has been tested in synchronous
      cultures in which the free-running rhythm has been scanned by 3-hr light signals.
      A strong (Type 0) phase response curve (PRC), yielding both advances and delays
      as great as 15 hr, has been derived. A second prediction of the limit cycle model
      is that there exists a pulse of a critical intensity, which, if given at one
      specific phase of the rhythm (the singularity point), should result in a
      phaseless, motionless state in which the rhythmicity disappears. Such a point has
      been found in Euglena in the late subjective night for light pulses having an
      intensity ranging from 40 to 700 lx. Finally, circadian oscillators typically
      display temperature-compensated period lengths within the physiological range of
      steady-state temperatures, although the length of the CDC is commonly thought to
      be highly temperature dependent. We have found that over a range of at least 10
      degrees C, the period of the division rhythm is only slightly affected,
      exhibiting a Q10 of about 1.05-1.20. These observations, therefore, collectively
      implicate a circadian oscillator in the control of the CDC.

PMID- 6600007
TI  - Rhythms of locomotion and oxygen consumption in the estuarine amphipod Corophium
      volutator (Crustacea: Amphipoda).
AB  - The estuarine amphipod Corophium volutator exhibits an endogenous circatidal
      rhythm of swimming activity, with maxima occurring just after the expected time
      of high water, under constant laboratory conditions. Oxygen uptake by Corophium
      is also subject to modulation across the tidal cycle. The period of highest
      oxygen uptake occurs during the ebb tide, in phase with the period of maximum
      swimming activity. A second increase in oxygen uptake during the early flood tide
      is thought to reflect either in-burrow activity or a previously described rhythm
      of emergence. This being so, this aspect of the animal's respiratory metabolism
      may be regulated by an autonomous oscillator independent of that governing the
      animal's swimming behaviour.

PMID- 6600008
TI  - Comparative studies on the circadian rhythm of corticosterone, lipid and
      cholesterol levels in adrenals and blood of rats.
AB  - The time-dependent relationship of corticosterone, lipids and cholesterol over a
      48-hr period was studied in the adrenals and blood of rats. In addition an
      attempt was made to determine whether there was a reciprocal dependence among
      these compounds and also a correlation between corticosterone and cholesterol in
      the adrenals and blood. Corticosterone and cholesterol exhibit a circadian rhythm
      in the adrenals and blood. The same is true for lipids in the serum. A reciprocal
      dependence between the compounds in the adrenals and blood could not be
      demonstrated. Only the time-dependent processes of the corticosterone content in
      the adrenals and plasma are well correlated with each other. High levels of these
      steroids in the adrenals are associated with high levels of these steroids in the
      plasma and vice versa. An inverse correlation between corticosterone and
      cholesterol exists in the adrenals and in blood. Maximal levels of corticosterone
      correspond to minimal levels of cholesterol and vice versa.

PMID- 6600009
TI  - Time-dependent effects of a 'functional'-type orthopedic appliance on the rat
      mandible growth.
AB  - The modus operandi and the time-dependent variations in the effects of the LSU
      activator, an orthopedic appliance currently used in human orthodontic therapy,
      was experimentally analyzed in growing rats. This appliance causes a forward
      positioning of the lower jaw and a restriction of mandibular motility. After a 4
      week treatment, the following changes were observed: (i) the growth rate of the
      condylar cartilage was accelerated, this growth-promoting effect being more
      pronounced when the LSU-activator was worn during the animal's rest span. (ii)
      the direction of condylar growth became more backward-oriented; no significant
      difference between day and night treatment, i.e. during the rest and activity
      spans could be detected; (iii) the supplementary lengthening of the mandible was
      greater in rats treated during rest than in rats treated during waking and (iv)
      the number of serial sarcomeres in the lateral pterygoid muscle was smaller. This
      growth retardation of the muscle was greater in rest-time than in waking-time
      treated individuals. The LSU-type activator's action implies a two-step effect:
      during the time of wearing the appliance, the more forward positioning of the
      mandible causes a reduced growth of the lateral pterygoid muscle; during the time
      the LSU-type activator is not worn, the mandible is functioning in a more forward
      position such a way that it stimulates the growth rate of the condylar cartilage
      and the subperiosteal ossification of the posterior border of the ramus. It is
      therefore essential, for a few hours every day, that the mandible be allowed to
      move freely from the appliance in a more forward position.

PMID- 6600010
TI  - Circadian mesor of recumbent pulse--cost-effective predictor of doxorubicin
      induced congestive heart failure.
AB  - Nineteen adult cancer patients each received 6-10 monthly treatments of
      doxorubicin and cisplatin. For 24-30 hr before each treatment, recumbent pulse
      was measured. Treatment was stopped for disease progression or when a total
      doxorubicin dose of 550 mg/m2 was reached. No patient developed congestive heart
      failure (CHF) during therapy. Two to four months after stopping treatment, three
      patients developed CHF. In these cases, 2-6 months before complication of
      therapy, prior to notable decrement in any other index of cardiac function, the
      24-hr rhythm-qualified mean (mesor) of pulse showed a positive slope by linear
      regression analysis (P less than 0.05). This mesor rise was apparent at
      cumulative doxorubicin doses of 300, 420 and 240 mg/m2. patients subsequently
      received additional doxorubicin to total doses of 540, 525 and 530 mg/m2.
      Patients who did or did not experience a rise in pulse received similar total
      doses of doxorubicin. Serial pulse mesors predicted CHF reliably and were
      substantially less expensive than radionuclide ejection fraction determination
      ($200 per test). A progressive rise in the circadian pulse-mesor was clearly a
      harbinger of histologically documented doxorubicin-induced lethal CHF in Wistar
      Kyoto rats of both sexes.

PMID- 6600011
TI  - Disorders of circadian body temperature rhythm in severely brain-damaged
      patients.
AB  - Twenty-four hour patterns of body temperature (BT) were recorded during
      consecutive 3-10 day spans from 14 severely brain-damaged patients. Seven
      patients exhibited a normal circadian BT rhythm with an amplitude of more than 1
      degree C and a normal phase position of the minimum BT being observed during the
      latter half of the nocturnal sleep. One patient with a dispersed type of sleep
      exhibited an extremely low amplitude of the BT rhythm with mean average 0.69
      degrees C. In this patient, an 24-hr observation span was insufficient to detect
      the existence of a BT rhythm. Two patients manifested disturbance of period. As
      acrophase of the BT rhythm varied from day to day, the standard deviation (S.D.)
      of mean acrophase was extremely large. For these patients the light-dark cycle
      did not act as an entrainer because both had visual disturbance. A phase advance
      of the minimum BT was observed in four patients. The minimum BT appeared in the
      first half of nocturnal sleep. These three disturbances (amplitude, period and
      phase), were revealed only by longitudinal observation of the BT rhythm,
      indicating the importance of long-term observations over a sufficient period to
      make the nature of the rhythm disturbances clear. These disturbances were not
      related to that of the sleep-wake cycle, as two patients showed normal circadian
      BT rhythm in spite of their dispersed-type sleep.

PMID- 6600012
TI  - Critical interval hypotheses for depression.
AB  - Two chronobiologic models are presented for the etiology of depression. The
      internal coincidence model suggests that a phase advance of the strong oscillator
      in reference to the weak oscillator causes depression. An external coincidence
      model suggests that depression is caused when the light/dark cycle or photoperiod
      provides too little illumination during a critical photosensitive interval, which
      might in turn occur early due to a phase advance. Thus, depression might be
      treated by drugs or other manipulations which delay the phase of internal
      circadian rhythms. Depression might also be treated with bright illumination
      during the critical photosensitive interval. Preliminary experiments suggest that
      bright artificial light does have antidepressant effects. The optimal times for
      light exposure and the most responsive patient groups have not yet been
      identified.

PMID- 6600013
TI  - A comprehensive system of cosinor treatment programs written for the Apple II
      microcomputer.
AB  - A comprehensive set of cosinor treatment programs has been written for an Apple
      II microcomputer. The system includes Single Cosinor, Mean (population) Cosinor
      and Serial Sections analyses as well as extensive graphics and file management.
      The package is integrated and used through a hierarchically ordered system of
      menus and choices. 48k memory and two disk drives are required, and both EPSON
      and SILENTYPE printers are supported.

PMID- 6600014
TI  - Biorhythms and tests of oral skills.
AB  - The null hypothesis that there is no difference in an individual's level of skill
      on critical and non-critical days of the biorhythm cycle is tested over a 2-week
      period using oral stereognosis and a dysarthria assessment. No statistical
      evidence could be found to refute the null hypothesis proposed and it is
      concluded that there is no relationship between oral skills and stages of the
      biorhythm cycle.

PMID- 6600015
TI  - Temporal morphology and cap formation in Acetabularia--I. Light-dark cycle
      perturbations.
AB  - Cap formation, a major developmental process in the alga Acetabularia, is
      influenced by a single perturbation of the entraining light-dark schedule and
      thus, presumably, of the circadian rhythms. This perturbation is brought about
      several weeks before cap formation, the most conspicuous expression of
      morphogenesis in Acetabularia. The effect is more pronounced on cap formation
      than on growth. It varies in importance with the circadian time at which the
      perturbation was brought about. The effect is dependent on the developmental
      state of the alga: transfer carried out during the logarithmic phase of growth
      produces a delay whose importance decreases with time. When carried out during
      the phase of slow terminal growth, the transfer induces a transitory acceleration
      of cap formation. When the algae approach their final length, no effect is
      elicited. Photoperiodism seems to be involved.

PMID- 6600016
TI  - Temporal morphology and cap formation in Acetabularia--II. Effects of morphactin
      and auxin.
AB  - In order to support the hypothesis that circadian rhythms are implicated in cap
      formation, experiments were undertaken on the possible time-dependency of the
      effects of (a) a competitive inhibitor of auxins, morphactin and (b) of auxin
      (IAA). It was found that: (i) the inhibitory effect of morphactin varies
      dramatically with the time at which the several weeks' treatment was first begun;
      (ii) the maximum inhibition varies with development and decreases with time;
      (iii) IAA accelerates cap formation when the algae are submitted to IAA during
      the exponential growth phase; the effect is time dependent and decreases with
      time; (iv) IAA first applied on smaller algae has a transient inhibitory effect
      which is time dependent; (v) anucleate fragments also respond differentially to
      an IAA treatment begun at several times in the 24-hr cycle, most clearly when
      newly formed mRNA have been accumulated and (vi) the effect of iAA is not
      cumulative with that of a LD shift; that of morphactin is not, or only slightly,
      improved by a LD shift.

PMID- 6600017
TI  - Circadian variation in human stature.
AB  - The aim of this study was to monitor the creep in stature due to compression and
      its recovery over 24 hr in eight adult males. Measurements of stature were made
      at nine times during the 24-hr cycle using a purpose built metal frame tilted 5
      degrees to the vertical. Accessories for standardization of posture and
      prevention of unwanted muscular tension included a series of microswitches on the
      frame, cross-beams for controlling spinal curvatures, slit spectacles used in
      conjunction with a mirror for proper head alignment. A dead load BAYE micrometer
      recorded stature to 0.01 mm. A significant circadian rhythm was established, the
      trough to peak variation being 19.3 mm or 1.1% of overall stature. Peak stature
      was measured at 0730 on awakening and the trough occurred at midnight before
      assuming a recumbent posture for sleep. Altogether 71% of the height gained
      during the night was achieved in the first half of the night's sleep. Over 50% of
      the height loss in a day was lost within the first hour of rising, 80% being lost
      within 3 hr of arising: the rate of creep decelerated throughout the remainder of
      the waking day. It is concluded that the rate of change in creep throughout the
      day varies, being greatest in the morning whilst distension is most pronounced in
      the early hours of sleep.

PMID- 6600018
TI  - Interindividual differences in a set of biological rhythms documented during the
      high arctic summer (79 degrees N) in three healthy subjects.
AB  - The High Arctic summer with its permanent sunlight provides a situation in which
      one of the natural synchronizers, the light-dark alternation, is minimal. During
      the summers of 1981 and 1982 three healthy right-handed geographers who were
      performing field studies in Svalbard as part of their own research volunteered to
      document, 4-6 times per 24 hr for respectively 63, 141 and 147 days, a set of
      circadian rhythms: self-rated fatigue, oral temperature, grip strength of both
      hands, heart rate and times of awakening and retiring. Tests were performed
      before departure from France, in Svalbard (79 degrees N latitude) where their
      daily activities were often strenuous, and after returning to France. Time series
      were treated individually according to three methods: display of data as a
      function of time, cosinor analyses to quantify rhythm parameters, and spectral
      analyses to estimate component periods of rhythms. Circadian parameters such as
      period and acrophase of activity-rest, oral temperature and fatigue rhythms were
      not altered. On the other hand, the circadian rhythm in grip strength was
      altered: the period differed from 24 hr in one subject, while grip strength
      acrophase of the left, but not the right, hand of the other two subjects was
      phase shifted during the sojourn in Svalbard. A prominent circahemidian (about 12
      hr) rhythm was observed in two subjects for their heart rate in Svalbard, while a
      prominent circadian rhythm (differing from exactly 24 hr) was observed in France
      associated with a small circahemidian component.

PMID- 6600019
TI  - Phase-shifts of apparent circadian rhythms due to west and east transmeridian
      flights or to corresponding night-shift sleep displacements.
AB  - Phase movements of apparent circadian rhythms during 2 wk of forward or backward
      displacement of the sleep-wake cycle were investigated in four experimental
      series in a subject. The 7-hr delay or advance of sleep due to a westward or an
      eastward transmeridian flight was duplicated by corresponding sleep displacements
      during experimental night shifts. Sudden phase advances (or delays) by several
      hours were observed in the rhythms of continuously recorded rectal temperature
      and urinary excretion rates (4-hr collection intervals) of adrenaline,
      noradrenaline and aldosterone the first day after sleep-wake displacement. The
      desired 7-hr phase-shifts were reached more quickly and completely when the phase
      was delayed than when it was advanced. In addition, the best-fitting period of
      these rhythms became shorter than 24 hr when the phase was delayed, and longer
      than 24 hr when it was advanced. The apparent rhythms of urine flow and
      electrolyte excretions (potassium, sodium, zinc) were much weaker and their phase
      movements more irregular than those of hormonal excretion. It is concluded that
      the sudden phase-shifts resulted from the immediate adaptation of the exogenous
      components of the rhythms to the demands of the displaced sleep-wake patterns
      (masking effects) and that the true phase-shifts of the endogenous components
      followed more slowly and gradually.

PMID- 6600020
TI  - Wound healing--a study on circaseptan reactive periodicity.
AB  - The course of swelling after maxillo-facial surgery was investigated by measuring
      the distance from the tragus to the pogonium. The post-surgical swelling does not
      diminish continuously, but decreases in a circaseptan periodic mode. The reactive
      periodicity is preferentially induced not by the injury, but by the surgical
      treatment. Identical surgical treatment induces a lower level of swelling under
      local anaesthesia. In contrast to 'biological' remedies, 'chemical'
      antiphlogistic agents, derived from antirheumatic drugs, reduce the extension of
      swelling, but they also flatten out the increase of swelling around day 7 after
      surgery.

PMID- 6600021
TI  - Hormone rhythms and breast cancer chronoepidemiology: salivary progesterone
      concentrations in pre- and post-menarchal girls and in normal premenopausal
      women.
AB  - Circadian and circatrigintan time series of salivary progesterone levels in
      premenarchal and adolescent girls and healthy mature premenopausal women have
      been investigated as a possible determinant for breast cancer risk. Circadian
      variations in progesterone appear to be more random than systematic and estimates
      of total daily progesterone output are better represented by samples pooled from
      several 2-hr specimens. Different patterns of circatrigintan progesterone
      secretion in girls are recognised and relate to those experienced in infertile
      and fertile women, though their relation to chronological or menarchal age is as
      yet uncertain. These data suggest that the measurement of salivary progesterone
      at premenarche, adolescence and maturity is a feasible, though statistically
      difficult, study for prospective identification of individuals at risk for breast
      cancer.

PMID- 6600023
TI  - Problems in fitting a cosine curve.
AB  - In fitting of cosine curves latent experimental inequalities due to a serial
      effect have to be excluded. Though cosinor analysis may be sufficient then,
      inclusion of biological time, i.e. not fitting values to time but to a function
      of time, will lead to further improvement.

PMID- 6600022
TI  - Circadian breast skin temperature rhythms: overt and occult benign and occult
      primary malignant breast disease.
AB  - Circadian variations of breast surface temperature have been measured in patients
      with overt or occult benign breast disease, or in those with occult breast
      cancer. Subjects were studied in a hospital ward environment well-controlled with
      respect to ambient temperature. Using manual techniques temperatures were
      recorded half-hourly for 96 hr from replicate sensors placed on quadrants of the
      left and right breasts inclusive of tumour areas and similar sites on the
      contralateral breast. Application of time series analysis failed to consistently
      demonstrate differences in values for the rhythm parameters for the tumour area
      and contralateral site. It was apparent, however, that the tumour area was
      generally associated with a reduced initial variance of the series in addition to
      a reduced percentage variance explained by a time series model with two rhythmic
      components when compared to the control site. These data suggest that efforts to
      identify early breast disease from signals of breast temperature should, at
      least, be directed to studies of temperature variance.

PMID- 6600024
TI  - The distribution of the number of maxima in a cyclic sequence.
AB  - A simple statistical method is presented which tests for non-randomness in a
      cyclic sequence. The distribution of the statistic is tabulated for short
      sequences, and a large sample approximation is derived. Significant values of the
      statistic are given for sequences of length up to 52. Easily used computer
      programs to carry out appropriate calculations are presented.

PMID- 6600025
TI  - Circannual variation of intestinal cell proliferation in BDF1 male mice on three
      lighting regimens.
AB  - BDF1 male mice were studied over a 24-hr span in winter, spring, summer and fall.
      For three weeks prior to study, one-third of the animals were kept under a
      lighting regimen of 8 hr light alternating with 16 hr of darkness (LD 8:16), one
      third on a lighting regimen of LD 12:12 and a remainder on a lighting regimen of
      LD 16:8. During each study, subgroups of animals on all three lighting regimens
      were killed at 4-hr intervals over a 24-hr span. Twenty minutes prior to being
      killed, the animals received 5 microCi of [3H]-thymidine/0.2 ml/20 gm of body
      weight intraperitoneally. The thymidine uptake in the DNA of the colon and of the
      small intestine were studied as an index of cell proliferation. A circadian
      rhythm in [3H]-thymidine uptake in the colon was found and validated by cosinor
      analysis. This rhythm was similar in acrophase and amplitude in the animals kept
      on LD 8:16 and LD 12:12. Also in the mice on LD 16:8, there was a statistically
      significant circadian rhythm of [3H]-thymidine uptake in the DNA of the colon
      during all four seasons. The acrophases of this rhythm, however, varied widely
      suggesting free running. A circadian rhythm of [3H]-thymidine uptake in small
      intestine was less consistent. In animals on all three lighting regimens,
      however, a circannual variation of [3H]-thymidine uptake in DNA in colon and
      small intestine was found with the highest uptake during summer. This study
      indicates that a lighting regimen of LD 16:8 does not reliably synchronize the
      circadian rhythm of [3H]-thymidine uptake in the colon. It further shows a
      circannual rhythm of this function in the colon and in the small intestine which
      persists under three lighting regimens (LD 8:16, 12:12 and 16:8) maintained for
      three to four weeks prior to being killed.

PMID- 6600026
TI  - The internal synchronization of five circadian functions of the rabbit.
AB  - Five different physiological functions of the rabbit (hard faeces and urine
      excretion, food and water intake and locomotor activity) were registered during
      LD 12:12 and during continuous light conditions (LL). (1) In LD 12:12 a strong
      synchronization of the five parameters existed. The minima of all functions
      consistently occurred during the hours of light. The nocturnal percentage of
      overall 24-hr events was increased significantly in 'hard faeces excretion' (66
      +/- 8(S.D.)%), 'water intake' (64 +/- 15(S.D.)%) and 'urine excretion' (58 +/-
      10(S.D.)%). The nocturnal percentage of locomotor activity was significantly
      increased during the dark-hours in 9 out of 14 animals. In the other five
      individuals prominent peaks were present even during the photoperiod. On the
      average of all 14 animals 55 +/- 13(S.D.)% of the 24 hr events of locomotor
      activity occurred during the night. Despite a trough during the cessation of hard
      faeces excretion the events of food intake were not elevated significantly during
      the dark hours. (2) During LL the synchronization of the five functions within
      each animal persisted during the complete 90-day LL period. A free-running
      circadian rhythm with tau = 24.8 +/- 0.5(S.D.) hr was present in the four rabbits
      kept in LL conditions within 5-16 days after the withdrawal of the zeitgeber. (3)
      In addition to the circadian period the power spectrum analysis of data obtained
      during LD 12:12 revealed significant ultradian periods of an average period
      length of 11,6 hr (hard faeces and urine excretion), 8 hr (food and water intake,
      locomotor activity) and 4 hr (food intake, locomotor activity). During the free
      run ultradian periods of 8 and 3.2-4.2 hr were significant in almost all
      parameters. (4) During LL the level of locomotor activity was reduced for 13 +/-
      16(S.D.)%, the events of food intake were increased for 17 +/- 12(S.D.)%. (5) The
      reinserted LD 12:12 zeitgeber re-entrained the circadian rhythms within 25-45
      days. (6) These results provided evidence of a predominant nocturnality of the
      rabbits under investigation.

PMID- 6600027
TI  - The use of constant routines in unmasking the endogenous component of human
      circadian rhythms.
AB  - A major problem in the study of the internal clock(s) that drives human circadian
      rhythms is that due to the effect produced by rhythmicity of habits and external
      influences ('masking'). A particularly potent factor in this respect is the sleep
      wake cycle. It is anomalous that, even though this masking influence is widely
      accepted, most studies of circadian rhythmicity have been performed in the
      presence of such interferences. A protocol is described, the constant routine, by
      which these exogenous influences can be minimized, thereby enabling a closer
      scrutiny of the internal clock(s) to be made. An account is given of the
      different circumstances in which the constant routines have been used together
      with the results derived from such studies. Briefly, they indicate that
      nychthemeral studies can give misleading information about the rate of adjustment
      of the internal clock to various manipulations, e.g. time-zone transition, shift
      work. In addition, future studies making use of constant routines are described,
      in particular those which might enable the presence of more than one internal
      clock to be established.

PMID- 6600028
TI  - The importance of defining light parameters in chronobiological studies.

PMID- 6600029
TI  - Circadian phase dependent pharmacokinetics of disopyramide in mice.
AB  - The focus of the reported work is investigation of disopyramide
      chronopharmacokinetics in the mouse. Different groups of male NMRI mice
      maintained under controlled environmental conditions (LD: 0600-1800) received a
      single intraperitoneal injection of disopyramide (30 mg per kg of body weight) at
      one of four different fixed time points of a 24-h period, i.e. 1000, 1600, 2200
      or 0400. Blood samples were taken 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 hr after drug
      administration and total and free plasma levels of disopyramide were measured by
      an immunoenzymatic method. Our data showed statistically significant circadian
      rhythms in the following pharmacokinetic parameters: highest volume of
      distribution = 3.91 +/- 0.21 l kg-1 at 2200 (circadian amplitude, half the peak
      to-trough difference relative to the 24-hr mean multiplied by 100, is 34%);
      highest area under concentration curves = 16.06 +/- 1.03 micrograms ml-1 hr-1 at
      0400 (circadian amplitude = 43%) and highest clearance = 3.04 +/- 0.19 l hr-1 kg
      1 at 2200 (circadian amplitude = 21%). Protein binding of the drug was shown to
      be circadian time dependent. Alpha and beta phase elimination half-lives were not
      found to be significantly circadian phase-dependent. Thus circadian changes in
      disopyramide clearance may represent circadian changes in the drug's volume of
      distribution.

PMID- 6600030
TI  - Rapid reset of the corticosterone rhythm by food presentation in rats under
      acircadian restricted feeding schedule.
AB  - Corticosterone levels were determined in the 7-week-old male rat maintained under
      different feeding and lighting schedules. At 4 weeks of age, the animals were
      kept either under a natural photoperiod (LD) or were subjected to continuous
      illumination (LL). Access to food was either ad libitum or restricted to an 8 hr
      span per 24 hr (circadian) or 32 hr (acircadian). The food signal seemed able to
      synchronize the corticosterone rhythm to its own circadian periodicity,
      irrespective of the lighting regimen. No synchronization was observed in serially
      sampled LL or LD rats under an acircadian feeding schedule. Instead, the group
      acrophase appeared 24 hr subsequent to food presentation. Regarding individual
      patterns, many rats showed an acrophase or a peak also at that time. We speculate
      that an endogenous circadian mechanism was reset by the food signal, whenever it
      appeared.

PMID- 6600031
TI  - Circadian and circannual rhythms of hormonal variables in elderly men and women.
AB  - A group of fourteen men (73 +/- 5 yr of age), and eighteen women (77 +/- 7 yr of
      age) institutionalized at the Berceni Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, were
      studied over a 24-hr span once during each season (winter, spring, summer and
      fall). All subjects followed a diurnal activity pattern with rest at night and
      ate three meals per day with breakfast at about 0830, lunch at about 1300 and
      dinner at about 1830. The meals were similar, although not identical for all
      subjects during all seasons. On each day of sampling blood was collected at 4-hr
      intervals over a 24-hr span. Seventeen hormonal variables were determined by
      radioimmunoassay. Statistically significant circadian rhythms were detected and
      quantitated by population mean cosinor analysis in pooled data from all four
      seasons in both sexes for ACTH, aldosterone, cortisol, C-peptide,
      dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), immunoreactive insulin, prolactin, 17-OH
      progesterone, testosterone, total T4 and TSH. In women, estradiol and
      progesterone also were determined and showed a circadian rhythm during all
      seasons. Total T3 and FSH showed circadian rhythm detection by cosinor analysis
      in the men only; LH showed no consistent circadian rhythm as group phenomenon in
      men or women. A circannual rhythm was detected using the circadian means of each
      subject at each season as input for the population mean cosinor in the women for
      ACTH, C-peptide, DHEA-S, FSH, LH, progesterone, 17-OH progesterone and TSH. In
      the men, a circannual rhythm was detected for ACTH, FSH, insulin, LH,
      testosterone and T3. There were phase differences between men and women in ACTH,
      FSH and LH. In those functions in which both the circadian and circannual rhythms
      were statistically significant, a comparison of the amplitudes showed in the
      women a higher circannual rather than circadian amplitude for DHEA-S. In 17-OH
      progesterone, TSH and C-peptide, the circadian amplitude in women was larger. In
      men, the circannual amplitude of T3 was larger than the circadian amplitude and
      in insulin the circadian amplitude was larger than the circannual amplitude.
      There was no statistically significant difference between the circadian and
      circannual amplitudes in the women in ACTH and progesterone and in the men in
      ACTH and testosterone.

PMID- 6600032
TI  - Gonadal involvement in leprosy--study of gynaecomastia, testicular and epididymal
      involvement and therapeutic efficacy of indigenous drugs.
AB  - Sixty male patients of leprosy (mean age = 27.2 +/- 5.04 years) selected at
      random, were studied for gonadal involvement and therapeutic efficacy of two
      indigenous drugs. Of these 34 were married, with the mean duration of illness
      4.17 +/- 3.27 years. Only those with lepromatous and dimorphous leprosy developed
      testicular and epididymal changes. Testicular pain and/or swelling (lepromatous =
      62.5%, dimorphous = 30%) was the commonest presenting feature. Altered sexual
      function was observed in 34 (56.6%) cases, while 11 patients revealed altered
      sexual hair pattern and nine gynaecomastia. Reduced testicular size associated
      with soft feel was present in 25% of cases with no testicular sensation in 8
      (13.3%) and impaired testicular sensation in 9 (15%) patients. Spermogram
      revealed azoospermia in 19 (35%) and oligospermia in 16 (26.6%) patients.
      Histopathological findings of testicle biopsy revealed evidence of leprous
      pathological irrespective of testicular size, semen picture and clinical
      manifestations. Histopathological changes had shown marked variation and so did
      not enable categorising them into vascular, interstitial and obliterative phases.
      These changes were believed to be due to the altered gonadal state in leprosy.
      The therapeutic efficacy of the indigenous preparations, Speman and Tentex forte
      (Himalaya) was evaluated subjectively as well as objectively in 34 patients.
      82.3% of cases showed subjective improvement while objective improvement in
      spermogram was noted in 87.5% cases with oligospermia. The drugs have no side
      effect and were well tolerated.

PMID- 6600034
TI  - Proceedings of a conference on diabetic microangiopathy. The Second Kroc
      Foundation Conference. May 17-20, 1982, Santa Ynez, California.

PMID- 6600033
TI  - IV Brazilian Hansen's Disease Congress. Port Alegre, October 29th to November
      1st, 1982. Abstracts.

PMID- 6600035
TI  - Tubular reabsorption rates as related to elevated glomerular filtration in
      diabetic children.
AB  - To study renal tubular reabsorption and tubulo-glomerular balance in diabetic
      children, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and tubular reabsorption rates of
      sodium, glucose, ultrafilterable calcium, and phosphate were measured during
      fasting in 26 ambulatory type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic children without
      clinical signs of microangiopathy (age 7-14 yr; duration of diabetes 3-14 yr).
      Similar measurements were made in 28 healthy school children (age 8-14 yr). Mean
      GFR in the diabetic children was significantly higher than in the normal children
      (138 versus 109 ml/min/1.73 m2, P less than 0.01). Mean tubular reabsorption
      rates of sodium, glucose, and calcium were significantly increased in the
      diabetic subjects (P less than 0.001). In contrast, tubular reabsorption rate of
      phosphate in the diabetic subjects was not enhanced. The renal threshold
      concentration of phosphate (TmPO4/GFR) was suppressed in the diabetic compared
      with the healthy subjects (1.23 versus 1.73 mmol/L, P less than 0.001). TmPO4/GFR
      was unrelated to circulating parathyroid and growth hormone concentrations but
      correlated inversely with the reabsorption rate of glucose (r = -0.53, P less
      than 0.01). Sodium reabsorption was closely correlated to GFR in both diabetic (r
      = 0.99, P less than 0.0001) and healthy subjects (r = 1.00, P less than 0.0001),
      and both groups showed identical regression lines. The tubular glucose
      reabsorption rate was independent of GFR in the diabetics. Tubular calcium and
      phosphate reabsorptions correlated equally well with sodium reabsorption and with
      GFR in the diabetic and healthy subjects (P less than 0.001). The maximal
      reabsorption of phosphate relative to GFR was lowered in the diabetic
      children.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6600036
TI  - Fibrinolytic activity, autonomic neuropathy, and circulation in diabetes
      mellitus.
AB  - In diabetes mellitus the vascular endothelium often produces and releases
      abnormally low amounts of plasminogen activator, leading to an impaired
      fibrinolytic system, which might be of importance for the development of
      angiopathy. In this study tests of autonomic neuropathy (AN) were performed on
      diabetics without autonomic symptoms. It was discovered that diabetics without AN
      had a significantly lower mean fibrinolytic response to stimulation than
      nondiabetic controls, whereas this reduction was not found in those with AN. The
      suggestion that asymptomatic AN might induce a normalization of the impaired
      fibrinolytic system in diabetes, and thus have a modifying effect on the rate of
      development of angiopathy, requires further study to be properly evaluated.

PMID- 6600037
TI  - Quantitative evaluation of fluorescein angiograms: microaneurysm counts.
AB  - This study describes a method for quantifying microaneurysms (MA) from
      fluorescein angiograms. The method was validated by the reproducibility of the
      number of MA in 30 angiograms read twice each by two independent observers; and
      by the absolute difference in MA counts between two readings by the same
      observer, and difference in numbers counted by two different observers. The
      precise location of each MA on two readings was also studied and the
      reproducibility of location varied from 60 to 71%, depending on the quality of
      the angiograms. Clinicians and technicians working in the same or in different
      centers obtained similar results. The coefficient of correlation between
      observers and between readings was satisfactory, r greater than 0.9. The method
      is easy to learn and the reproducibility allows for its use in clinical trials.

PMID- 6600038
TI  - Determinants of the penetration of proteins through the glomerular barrier in
      insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
AB  - To investigate the determinants of the glomerular filtration of proteins in
      insulin-dependent diabetic patients we studied the fractional clearance of
      albumin (theta Alb) and IgG (theta IgG) and the selectivity index (SI = IgG
      clearance/Alb clearance) in 32 subjects with macroproteinuria (albustix
      positive), in 29 subjects with microproteinuria (albustix negative), and in 24
      healthy control subjects. Fractional clearances of both albumin and IgG were
      higher in macroproteinuric than in microproteinuric patients, with both groups
      having higher values than controls (all P less than 0.001). In microproteinuric
      patients with albumin excretion rate (AER) not exceeding 60 micrograms/min, there
      was a highly significant correlation between the clearance of albumin and that of
      IgG. The SI was normal for AERs up to 30 micrograms/min, but above that albumin
      filtration increased disproportionately and SI progressively fell. In insulin
      dependent diabetics with macroproteinuria, there was a negative correlation
      between SI and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (r = -0.68; P less than 0.001);
      the lower SI (0.133 +/- 0.06) at higher GFRs also was due to a preferential
      increase in albumin clearance. Selectivity was progressively lost as GFR
      declined, and the SI returned to normal values when GFR fell below 10 ml/min/1.73
      m2; this was due to a progressively higher rise in the fractional clearance of
      IgG relative to albumin. We suggest that glomerular filtration of proteins is
      governed by different determinants at different stages of the disease. In
      microproteinurics with AER below 60 micrograms/min, increased intraglomerular
      pressure seems primarily responsible for the higher proportional filtration of
      both albumin and IgG.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 6600039
TI  - New techniques for data analysis.

PMID- 6600040
TI  - Exploratory analysis of the medical record.
AB  - Current patient information systems such as SCAMP have the capacity to store not
      only highly-structured information such as problem codes, drug lists and
      laboratory values, but also richer, clinically-descriptive information such as
      comprehensive natural language problem summaries and other textual data that
      retain the full clinical information used by physicians in managing their
      patients. The clinical importance, richness, and extensiveness of this
      information suggest that techniques which allow computers to process textual data
      may play a helpful role in clinical research. The analysis programs of the SCAMP
      system have been developed to explore the potential of this approach.

PMID- 6600041
TI  - Linguistic variables, approximate reasoning and dispositions.

PMID- 6600042
TI  - A logic-based approach to conceptual data base analysis.

PMID- 6600043
TI  - Relational data base modelling of free-text medical narrative.

PMID- 6600044
TI  - Growth of urban and rural children in Zambia (a limited study).

PMID- 6600045
TI  - Typhoid (enteric) fever--an outbreak in a girls camp in Zambia.